valparaiso chile proyecto: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

SIERRA GORDA - The Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth

... to Punta Arenas, Chile. In addition, residual ash from the woodstove would be retrograded from ...

CHUQUICAMATA - The Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth

ISS022, E, 8269, CHILE, OPEN PIT MINING OPERATIONS E. OF SIERRA GORDA, ROADS, DRAINAGE, -22.9, -69.1, 20091209. ISS022, E, 8270, CHILE, OPEN PIT MINING ...

Economic evaluation of geothermal projects; Evaluacion economica de proyectos geotermicos

ISS022, E, 8260, CHILE, CHUQUICAMATA, LARGE OPEN PIT MINING OPERATIONS, ROADS, HILLS, -22.3, -68.9, 20091209. ISS022, E, 8261, CHILE, CHUQUICAMATA, ...

Geology and mineralization of the district auriferous Chancon, VI Region, Chile

Fundamentals of economic evaluation of projects to produce electricity using geothermal energy are described. Steps to obtain the basic data used to calculate the present value and the internal rate of return are described. Finally, a criterion to make an economical evaluation to take the best investment selection is shown, applied to a geothermal project in the Los Azufres, field Michoacan, Mexico. [Espanol] En este articulo se describen los diferentes topicos que se desarrollan para llevar a cabo la evaluacion economica de un proyecto para generar electricidad, desde la recopilacion de datos hasta la obtencion de los indices necesarios para la toma de decisiones, y su aplicacion a un proyecto geotermoelectrico situado en el campo de Los Azufres, Michoacan, Mexico.

1995-01-01

Methods for economic evaluation of a factorial-design cluster randomised controlled trial of a nutrition supplement and an exercise programme among healthy older people living in Santiago, Chile: the CENEX study

Spanish 2001 p. 8-14 Uruguay Rodriguez Bakulic, M. Instituto de Geologia

2001-11-12

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundIn an effort to promote healthy ageing and preserve health and function, the government of Chile has formulated a package of actions into the Programme for Complementary...Full Text Available

Spatial and seasonal variability in cetacean distribution in the fjords of northern Patagonia, Chile

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Viddi, F. A., Hucke-Gaete, R., Torres-Florez, J. P., and Ribeiro, S. 2010. Spatial and seasonal variability in cetacean distribution in the fjords of northern Patagonia, Chile. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 959-970. Compared with other Chilean coastal areas, little is known about the diversity and distribution of cetaceans in northern Patagonian fjords. Between December 2000 and November 2001, surveys on platforms of opportunity were undertaken in southern Chile to evaluate species richness and the spatial and seasonal distribution of cetaceans. Nine species were recorded, blue, humpback, and minke whales, Peales dolphin, Chilean dolphin, killer whale, false killer whale, bottlenose dolphin, and Cuviers beaked whale. The pattern of cetacean distribution displayed significant season...

2010-01-01

Ethnopharmacological evaluation of radal (leaves of Lomatia hirsuta) and isolation of 2-methoxyjuglone

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundLeaves of Lomatia hirsuta are used in traditional medicine in Chile under the common name of "radal". A tea of radal is traditionally used for treatment...Full Text Available

Education with ICT in South Korea and Chile

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This article presents a linear-analytical case study on the development of ICT within the educational systems of Chile and South Korea. Through a comprehensive meta-data analysis and bibliographic review, we collected information on both educational systems and their ICT adoption policies. Key differences necessary to understand how both countries have developed their educational systems by integrating ICT were analyzed, including the educational system structure, the organization of state entities responsible for educational ICT, cultural characteristics, the creation of policies regarding ICT in education, and the effectiveness of such policies for the expansion of infrastructure and the ICT curriculum integration. We analyze these key differences in order to understand two cases of ICT ...

2011-01-01

Qualitative aspects in the projects that are developed in the Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas; Aspectos cualitativos en los proyectos que se desarrollan en el Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas

Using radiation: harder, tougher and more stable woods

The globalization of markets has generated more options of purchase of all type of goods and services, these options have generated opportunities and threats for all the companies and have looked for the satisfaction of the client as a strategy to remain or incursion into the global market. The Instituto de Investigaciones Electricas (IIE) is not the exception and therefore it looks for the identification of the qualitative aspects and to systematize its application in the projects that executes by means of the implantation of a system of quality assurance based on the series of ISO 9000 Standards. Some examples are described to identify the qualitative aspects of the projects that are developed in the Institute. [Spanish] La globalizacion de los mercados ha generado mas opciones de compra de todo tipo de bienes y servicios, dichas opciones han generado oportunidades y amenazas para todas las empresas y se ha buscado satisfacer al cliente como estrategia para permanecer o incursionar ...

1999-07-01

Avian gut-passage effects on seed germination of shrubland species in Mediterranean central Chile

The general characteristics of radiation processing and its main applications of interest in Chile are described, with particular reference to the production of wood-plastic composites (WPC). The process itself and the technical characteristics of the resulting product are explained for products that demand an aesthetic appearance, warmth, toughness and durability, as in the flooring industry. Certain domestic wood products could receive a boost in quality by using this process, making them more competitive in demanding export markets. These products could open new markets, serving as substitutes, for example, for carpets and tiles. This would be highly convenient for Chile, considering the big supply of wood for industrial consumption that the country will have in the coming decade. Because of this situation two Chilean technology institutes, the Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission and INTEC-CHILE, are jointly working on a ...

1998-10-01

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Effects of avian gut-passage on seed germination are important to assess the effectiveness of frugivores in woodland regeneration, particularly in biodiversity hotspots that have a high incidence of avian frugivory. We examined the effect of avian gut-passage on seed germination in contrast to seeds that remain uneaten in five shrub species in Mediterranean central Chile and sought to determine the physiological mechanism(s) by which seed germinability is modified. Germination assays were conducted in a glasshouse for five common shrub species of the sub-Andean matorral: Azara dentata (Flacourtiaceae), Schinus polygamus and Schinus molle (Anacardiaceae), Cestrum parqui (Solanaceae), and Maytenus boaria (Celastraceae). We estimated germinability (final percent germination), dormancy length ...

2011-01-01

Project of the new measurement system for energy invoicing - Itaipu Hydroelectric Central; Proyecto del nuevo sistema de medicion de energia para facturacion de la Central Hidroelectrica de Itaipu

Aerosols Equipment in Chile on Environmental Expert

Itaipu Binacional has taken a decision of executing a technological updating for the energy measurement system through the substitution of the current system by other one equipped with digital devices. The main reasons for that were the following: a) The equipment in operation were of an outdated generation b) The accuracy class of the existing equipment was of 0.5%, but the tendency for invoicing measurements was to install meters with accuracy class of 0.2% in the enterprises c) The requirements of ONS/MAE, in Brazil, which establishes the minimum requisites to be attended by invoicing measurement systems.

2001-07-01

Wastenet

... Boreal Forest and Climate Change Pertti Hari, Liisa Kulmala, 160.45 EUR; 209.00 USD; 135.00 GBP... More Journals » MAGAZINES & JOURNALS Journal of Water and Health The journal represents a joint commitment to pr... Environmental Quarterly - 2009 Fall Trinity`s Environmental Quarterly (EQ) magazine co... ...

Production of "9"9Tc"m radiopharmaceuticals for brain, heart and kidney imaging. Final report of a co-ordinated research programme 1991-1994

Estimating deficit probabilities with price-responsive demand in contract-based electricity markets

The report contains highlights of the achievements of the IAEA Co-ordinated Research programme on Evaluation on the Use of Bulk Reagents for the Production of "9"9Tc_m Radiopharmaceutical and Kits, the participants' summary reports (Argentina, Chile, Greece, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Portugal, Russian Federation, Thailand, Uruguay, United States of America), recommended product protocols for five compounds and the participants' recommendations regarding continued support and further directions of co-ordinated research work. Refs, 6 figs, 8 tabs, 6 schemes.

1990-06-24

Distinguishing local from global climate influences in the variation of carbon status with altitude in a tree line species

Studies that estimate deficit probabilities in hydrothermal systems have generally ignored the response of demand to changing prices, in the belief that such response is largely irrelevant. We show that ignoring the response of demand to prices can lead to substantial over or under estimation of the probability of an energy deficit. To make our point we present an estimation of deficit probabilities in Chile's Central Interconnected System between 2006 and 2010. This period is characterized by tight supply, fast consumption growth and rising electricity prices. When the response of demand to rising prices is acknowledged, forecasted deficit probabilities and marginal costs are shown to be substantially lower. (author)

2009-02-01

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Aim- Two alternative hypotheses attempt to explain the upper elevation limit of tree lines world-wide, the carbon-limitation hypothesis (CLH) and the growth-limitation hypothesis (GLH); the altitudinal decrease of temperature is considered the driver constraining either carbon gain or growth. Using a widely distributed tree line species (Nothofagus pumilio) we tested whether tree line altitude is explained by the CLH or the GLH, distinguishing local from global effects. We elaborated expectations based on most probable trends of carbon charging with altitude according to both hypotheses, considering the alternative effects of drought. Location- Two climatically contrasting tree line ecotones in the southern Andes of Chile: Mediterranean (3654- S) and Patagonia (4604- S). Methods- ...

2011-01-01

A Late Holocene explosive mafic eruption of Villarrica volcano, Southern Andes: The Chaimilla deposit

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Villarrica (Chile) is one of the most active volcanoes in South America having erupted about 60 times in the last 460years. Although its historical eruptive activity has been mainly effusive and weakly explosive, it had strong explosive behaviour in postglacial times. Chaimilla (<3.1ka) is one of the best exposed and widely dispersed pyroclastic deposits, related to both fall and flow activity. The deposit is dispersed over an area of 250km^2 and consists of 8 units (A-H) which were grouped into four sequences. Stratigraphic data suggest that the eruption had a relatively short duration and evolved from i) an Opening phase, dispersing ash, lapilli clasts, accretionary lapilli, blocks and bombs, to ii) a Pulsatory phase, originating a series of magmatic explosions, to iii) a Collapsing phas...

2011-01-01

Experimental evaluation of the production of the poisons Xe-135 and Sm-149 of the TRIGA Mark III reactor with mixed core, configuration No. 16 (Final report of the project); Evaluacion experimental de la produccion de los venenos Xe-135 y Sm-149 del reactor TRIGA Mark III con nucleo mixto, config. No. 16 (Informe final del proyecto)

Xyce parallel electronic simulator : reference guide.

It was generated the concentration curve of the Xe{sup 135} (t) during the TRIGA Mark III reactor operation cycle, for a continuous irradiation of 72 h to 1 MW of thermal power, as well as the accumulation curve of the isotope after the shutdown, for the fuel configuration No. 16 in the thermal column. The maximum negative reactivities generated by the Xe{sup 135} for operation times greater than 60 h to 1 MW and after the reactor shutdown its were of 1.968 {+-} 0.15 dollars and 2.30 {+-} 0.15 dollars respectively. When comparing these results with those theoretically calculated we find differences of the order of 3.6% and 5.34% which are understood inside the experimental error that on the average was of 7.6%. The results before mentioned have an important application during the start up process of the Reactor, when analyzing the value of the weekly reactivity excess of the core and when is choice the pattern of bars to use for experiments of but of 2 h, where is required to minimize ...

1991-11-15

Engineering masterpieces : from the Andes to Siberia, Canadian talent is in demand

This document is a reference guide to the Xyce Parallel Electronic Simulator, and is a companion document to the Xyce Users Guide. The focus of this document is (to the extent possible) exhaustively list device parameters, solver options, parser options, and other usage details of Xyce. This document is not intended to be a tutorial. Users who are new to circuit simulation are better served by the Xyce Users Guide. The Xyce Parallel Electronic Simulator has been written to support, in a rigorous manner, the simulation needs of the Sandia National Laboratories electrical designers. It is targeted specifically to run on large-scale parallel computing platforms but also runs well on a variety of architectures including single processor workstations. It also aims to support a variety of devices and models specific to Sandia needs. This document is intended to complement the Xyce Users Guide. It contains comprehensive, detailed information about a number of topics pertinent to the usage of ...

2011-05-01

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[In vitro digestibility of a milk substitute produced with uncooked flour].

Canadian oilfields are a prime breeding ground for talent, technology and industrial management. This paper described how Canadian talent was recognized in 2001 for three major projects which included a cold-ocean production platform in the Sea of Okhotsk in Siberia, a mountain pipeline project in South America, and an in-situ underground extraction technology in the oilsands of Alberta. The cold-ocean production platform project was recruited by Sakhalin Energy Investment Co., an international consortium originally led by Marathon Oil Co which is now led by Royal Dutch Shell. The oil production platform is stationed 16 kilometres offshore of Sakhalin Island in the Sea of Okhotsk. Sakhalin Energy bought and converted the Molikpaq, an innovative platform made in the 1980s for the Beaufort Sea by Gulf Canada Resources Ltd. The second project included Calgary's Hydroconsult EN3 Services Ltd. which was responsible for the construction of the 940-km GasAtacama 24-inch diameter ...

2001-03-05

Natural gas integration in Latin America: end of a dream?

Milk substitutes are used for the breakfast of the recipients of the National School Feeding Programme in Chile. The major ingredients of milk substitutes are milk, sugar and cereal flours. The technical specifications to produce this type of food state, beside their proportions, that the flours must be precooked. This requisite is controlled by determining the gelatinization degree which must be 92% as a minimum. At present, a cheaper new alternative of milk substitute fabricated with uncooked flours and containing an enzymatic preparation has been presented to the Programme. It is postulated that when reconstituted in water under the manufacturer's directions (85 degrees C, 5 min settling time) precooking of the flours is reached. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro digestibility, the effect of the enzymatic preparation (molecular size of starch and dextrose equivalent) and the degree of gelatinization of this product (MSE) when reconstituted ...

1996-12-01

Aerosol composition, chemistry, and source characterization during the 2008 VOCALS Experiment

Throughout the 1990's to year 2000, energy integration, and particularly natural gas integration, was seen as a major goal in the southern cone of South America. The regional perspective for energy was related to an even more challenging objective - Latin American economic integration, which was quickly moving forward by the constitution of Mercosur, the free trade zone built by Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay and Paraguay, and also having Bolivia and Chile as special partners. Mercosur was getting stronger and becoming a successful political project. Trade conflicts existed, but they were considered normal and nobody would disagree about the viability of Mercosur. By the beginning of the 21. century, the economic integration process in South America was already advancing timidly as compared to the impetus from the beginning of 1990's. Mercosur started facing complex and almost insurmountable challenges after the numerous global financial crises (from 1998 to 2003) had ...