Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

We report on recent progress and improvements in the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) growth of mid-infrared lasers and using a high speed rotating disk reactor (RDR). The devices contain AlAsSb active regions. These lasers have multi-stage, type I InAsSb/InAsP quantum well active regions. A semi-metal GaAsSb/InAs layer acts as an internal electron source for the multi-stage injection lasers and AlAsSb is an electron confinement layer. These structures are the first MOCVD multi-stage devices. Growth in an RDR was necessary to avoid the previously observed Al memory effects found in conventional horizontal reactors. A single stage, optically pumped laser yielded improved power (greater than 650 mW/facet) at 80K and 3.8um. A multi-stage 3.8-3.9um laser structure operated up to T=170K. At 80K, peak power greater than 100mW and a high slope- efficiency were observed in gain guided lasers.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Based on the enhanced cooperation between Republic of Korea (ROK) and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), IAEA installed new safeguards equipment (Unattended Monitoring System, UMS) at Wolsung unit 2 on January, 2005. The UMS was utilized in parallel with traditional human surveillance during the transfer campaign of Wolsung unit 2 (7 March - 22 July). Installation of UMS at all Wolsung units will be decided on the basis of the result of this test. The transfer campaign with UMS at Wolsung units 2 and 4 was started from September 1, 2006 at the same time. Implementation of UMS to the transfer campaign in Wolsung site will be considerably reduced the IAEA's inspection effort and burden of operator.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biodiesel can be produced from numerous materials, including by-products of animal chain. In this scenario, the chicken's oil, that is located and an environment not explored for biodiesel production, can be a good alternative in South and Southeast Brazilian Region, where they are slaughtered around 9.100.000 chickens per day. In order to determine the specific consumption from a generator set with single cylinder 6.6 kW of power and generation capacity of 5 kW, using chicken oil biodiesel (B-100), were performed the bench test using a auxiliary tank, precision scale and an energy analyzer. Were conducted four treatments (25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of generating capacity). The worst SC was the engine at 25% of generation capacity (1.5 kW) and better with 75% of maximum load (3.75 kW) with a mean of 479.34 g kWh{sup -1}. By Turkey's test ant 5% probability there was a significant difference only for the first treatment. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The first working meeting of the SAPIERR project about regional final storage of radioactive waste in the European Union was held in Piestany, Slovak Republic, on February 19 and 20, 2004. SAPIERR stands for Support Action: Pilot Initiative for European Regional Repositories. This is an independent study supported financially by the European Union within the 6th Research Framework Program. The background to the project is the debate about the feasibility of regional repositories for radioactive waste in the European Union, which has come up again especially with a view to the new accession countries and the draft of a waste management directive within the framework of the Nuclear Package. The results of the SAPIERR Project will be presented in Brussels at a concluding international seminar, most probably in October 2005. The seminar will be open not only to the participating countries but also to other interested European ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 041.034.0403 The Morphological Basis of the Armor-Like Folded Skin of the Greater Indian Rhinoceros ... hendo@um.u-tokyo.ac.jp ...

Science.gov (United States)

Imaging of NGC 7469 in the J, H, & K bands shows that the starburst 'ring' is a tight inner

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this research was to develop a methodology for sizing integrated renewable energy systems, useful for rural areas, using simulation and optimization tools developed in MATLAB 6.0. The sizing model produces a system with minimum cost and high reliability level, based on the concept of loss of power supply probability (LPSP) for consecutive hours. An optimization model is presented and three different sizing scenarios are calculated and compared, showing flexibility in the elaboration of different project conceptions. The obtained results show a complete sizing of the energy conversion devices and a long-term cost evaluation. (author)

CERN Document Server

Canary Islands are normally interested by dominant North-East winds that, in some meteorological conditions, can transport sand at high altitude from the Sahara desert. The dust may affect the efficiency of the telescopes and decreases the transparency of the sky. In order to maximize the scientific return of the telescopes located at the ORM, we present an analysis of the atmospheric dust content and its effects on astronomical observations. B, V and I dust aerosol astronomical extinction are derived. Using a 5 years series database of data taken from the four channel TNG dust monitor, we compute a mean hourly and daily values of the dust content. We have detected particles having size 0.3, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 um. Using a power law we have derived the content of 10.0 um particles. We found a typical local dust concentration ranging from 3x10^6 particles per cubic meter at 0.3 um, to 10^3 at 5.0 um and 10 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The effect of the heavy particle irradiation on cell survival is different from that of X-ray irradiation. In Japan, heavy particles will be applied to cancer patients in the near future. This study was performed to determine the effect that carbon particle irradiation exerts to human monolayer cells in vitro, in comparison with the effect of 200 kVp X-ray. Two human cell lines, HeLaS3 and RMUG, were used. The irradiation was carried out by the RIKEN ring cyclotron and 200 kVp X-ray. The experimental procedure is explained. Also split dose experiment was carried out by applying equally divided doses at intervals of 2 - 4 hours. The Bragg curve of 135 MeV/n carbon beam through the lucite plates with different thickness is given. Thus the different LETs were obtained. The survival curves for 200 kVp X-ray and the various LETs of carbon beam are shown. The curves became steeper, and Do values decreased with increasing LETs in both cell lines. The relative biological effect (RBE) at 10% ...

CERN Document Server

We present physical properties of two submillimeter selected gravitationally lensed sources, identified in the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey. These submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) have flux densities > 100 mJy at 500 um, but are not visible in existing optical imaging. We fit light profiles to each component of the lensing systems in Spitzer IRAC 3.6 and 4.5 um data and successfully disentangle the foreground lens from the background source in each case, providing important constraints on the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the background SMG at rest-frame optical-near-infrared wavelengths. The SED fits show that these two SMGs have high dust obscuration with Av ~4 to 5 and star formation rates of ~100 M_sun/yr. They have low gas fractions and low dynamical masses compared to 850 um selected galaxies.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It was agreed that both of the Republic Of Korea (ROK) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) cooperate with the new approach using the Unattended Monitoring Systems (UMS), the mailbox declaration and the short notice inspections, which can decrease the agency inspection efforts and operator' s burden. As a result of the positive cooperation of ROK for applying new approach, the IAEA could accomplish a successful implementation of new safeguards approach during last transfer campaigns at Wolsung site. As of the end of Feb. 2007, the IAEA installed the UMS at Wolsung units 2, 3 and 4. The transfer campaigns at Wolsung units 2 and 4 are performing from April, 2007. The IAEA will install the UMS at Wolsung unit 1 by the end of 2007. Then agency will inspect all of transfer campaign at Wolsung units by using new approach with UMS, mailbox declaration and SNI. It is based on the SSAC full ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This work presents comparative results of a numerical investigation of four possible models for the prediction of thermal performance of fixed bed storage units and their thermal design. These models includes Schumann's model, the radial dispersion model, a model that include both axial heat conduction in the fluid phase and admits thermal gradient in the solids particles and finally a two dimensional single phase model. For each of these models a computer code was written and tested to evaluate the computing time of same data and analyze any other computational problems. The tests of thermal performance included particle size, porosity, particle material, flow rate, inlet temperature and heat losses form tank walls and extremities. Dynamics behaviour of the storage units due to transient variation in either flow rate or inlet temperature was also investigated. The results presented include temperature gradients, pressure drop and heat storage. The results obtained are very ...

Science.gov (United States)

The provincial ministry of health has taken over a dialysis center in La Plata, Argentina, following the discovery that at least 20 of the clinic's 34 regular patients have been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Catheters of the clinic's dialysis machines were found to be contaminated with HIV. The 5 physicians associated with the Centro Modelo de Dialisis have been discharged for negligence. 20 of the regular patients also contracted hepatitis C. Argentinian law stipulates that filters for the same patient must be changed after 4 times and prohibits the use of the same vessel to administer medication to more than 1 patient. Testimony from nurses at the La Plata clinic revealed that filters were reused for several patients and basic sanitary procedures were not followed. In 1990, 33 kidney disease patients at a dialysis center in Cordoba became infected with HIV and it was discovered that filters had been used up to 8 times for different ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tumours lesions of the temporal bone and of the cerebello-pontine angle are rare.This tumours can be separated into benign and malignant lesions. In this paper the CT and MRI characteristica of tumours of the temporal bone and the cerebello-pontane angle will be demonstrated. High resolution CT (HRCT) as usually performed in the axial plane are using a high resolution bone window level setting, coronal planes are the reconstructed from the axial data set or will be obtained directly. With the MRI FLAIR sequence in the axial plane the whole brain will be scanned either to depict or exclude a tumour invasion into the brain. After this,T2-weighted fast spin echo sequences or fatsuppressed inversion recovery sequences in high resolution technique in the axial plane will be obtained from the temporal bone and axial T1-weighted spinecho sequences before and after the intravenous application of contrast material will be obtained of this region. Finally T1-weighted ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A thermohydraulic study of MTR fuel element is presented as a basic requirement for the development of an irradiation facility for testing fuel elements. A computer code named 'Thermo' has been developed for this purpose, which can stimulate different working conditions, such as, cooling, power elements and neutron flux, performing all pertinent thermohydraulic calculations. Thermocouples were used to measure the temperature gradients of the cooling fluid throughout the IEAR-1 reactor core. All experimental data are in good agreement with the theoretical model applied in this work. Finally, a draft of the proposed facility and its safety system is presented. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The contribution attempts a definition of the concepts of ``technical facilities`` and ``facility management``. [Deutsch] Um mit der Ueberschrift zu beginnen: Was ist Gebaeudetechnik? Die Antwort ist nicht ganz einfach. An der TU Berlin gibt es einen Ingenieur-Studiengang mit dieser Bezeichnung. Es hat etwas mit dem Gebaeude, aber nicht viel mit Architektur zu tun, wie manchmal faelschlich angenommen wird. Um solche Missverstaendnisse gar nicht erst aufkommen zu lassen, hat sich die Gruppe des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure, die sich mit der Gebaeudetechnik beschaeftigt, als `VDI-Gesellschaft Technische Gebaeudeausruestung` bezeichnet. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents general considerations concerning the application of artificial neural networks algorithms, more specifically the back-propagation learning algorithm and feed-forward multi-layer networks, to several problems in power system. The main application in power systems is the load forecasting, and two solution methods are used to solve it. (author). 45 figs., 32 tabs., 144 refs.

CERN Document Server

View of the CERN / LHC / Alps region from the Jura.

ScienceCinema

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are 4 CANDU reactors at Wolsung site together with a spent fuel dry storage associated with unit 1. These CANDU reactors, classified as On-Load Reactor (OLR) for Safeguards application, change 16- 24 fuel bundles with fresh fuel in everyday. Especially, the spent fuel bundles are transferred from spent fuel bays to dry storage throughout a year because of the insufficient capacity of spent fuel pond. Safeguards inspectors verify the spent fuel transfer to meet safeguards purposes according to the safeguards criteria by means of inspector's presence during the transfer campaign. For the verification, 60-80 person-days of inspection (PDIs) are needed during approximately 3 months for each unit. In order to reduce the inspection effort and operators' burden, an Unattended Monitoring System (UMS) was designed and developed by the IAEA for the verification of spent fuel bundles transfers from wet storage to dry storage. Based on the enhanced ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ventilation systems must ensure high room air quality with minimum energy consumption in all states of operation. Systems for ventilation on demand are increasing their market share. (orig./MSK) [Deutsch] Oberste Aufgabe von Raumlufttechnischen Anlagen ist die Sicherstellung guter Raumluftqualitaet bei minimalem Energieverbrauch unter allen Betriebsbedingungen. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, setzt sich am Markt zunehmend die bedarfsgeregelte Lueftung durch. (orig./MSK)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in the human thyroid receptor beta gene on chromosome 3. Individuals with RTH have an increased incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The purpose of this study was to search for developmental brain malformations associated with RTH. Forty-three subjects (20 affected males [AM], 23 affected females [AF]) with resistance to thyroid hormone and 32 unaffected first degree relatives (18 unaffected males [UM], 14 unaffected females [UF]) underwent MRI brain scans with a volumetric acquisition that provided 90 contiguous 2 mm thick sagittal images. Films of six contiguous images beginning at a standard sagittal position lateral to the insula were analyzed by an investigator who was blind with respect to subject characteristics. The presence of extra or missing gyri in the parietal bank of the Sylvian fissure (multimodal association cortex) and multiple Heschl`s ...

Science.gov (United States)

... The CENTCOM AOR encompasses the world's most energy-rich region, with the Arabian Gulf region and Central Asia together ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Uninterrupted access to and use of critical infrastructure in the Arabian Gulf region are key to the successful prosecution of the Global War on Terror ...

ScienceCinema

...this and ...and ...? and ...and ...and what the ...and such ...also and i would like to ...and that's ...and ...and ...form and most of the time i would like to spend on ...and ...for months on because sixty two and ? one-in-ten and ...and initially model systems and and and ...specifics ? and astrophysics completely ...and ...is seventeen and ...was additionally and ...and ...and and and that's all that's the action and you know all ...and ...and and display ...and responsible ...and what ...paul tsongas and ten and uh and ...and and ...and ...and this is ...and ...and especially ...and ...and ...and know ...and ...and and the activation technique and ...most commonly used and ...of the team to sell the blonde and and and need and ...and ...and ...and that's the whole ...and ...and and ...and ...and something like this and she ...been determined by and ...the plates and ...and ...and ...and ...and ...and ...and ...and and ...and this to dismiss ? ...and ...and i think the people to ...

ScienceCinema

...global warming um ? know he's been right into our our ...who was a little bit about global warming and cooling ...global warming ...america uh we can help ? global warming and reduce the demand for electricity and and ...now means that those who immediately combat global warming ? ...global warming ...global warming ...global warming by ...we ? in terms of the contribution to global warming is a small i mean anything else ...global warming and ...among scientists are speaking out about global warming the only thing they really talk about a year to ...the other factors that affect global warming and i i just feel that ...problem of global warming would have to ...global warming ...global warming ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study describes the construction of a simple mathematical model its validation through the simulation in transient state of a real cycle performed by a solar refrigerator based on physical adsorption using an activated carbon/methanol pair. The deviation from experimental results was 4% for the cycled mass of methanol, 2.2 % for maximum collector average temperature, and 3 x 10{sup -3} for the theoretical cycle coefficient of performance. Additional simulations of the same cycle inputting values representing different types and larger amounts of activated carbon showed the possibility of increasing the cycled methanol mass up to about 150%. (author) 26 refs., 16 figs., 9 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this work is the implantation and characterization of a neutron radiography system that uses an electronic device for attainment of images in real time, for its implementation in the nuclear research reactor Argonauta at IEN/CNEN (Nuclear Engineering Institute of the Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission). The Electronic Imaging System in Real Time is composed by a scintillator screen for neutron, a video camera (CCD), a digital plate and a computer with specific computational programs for digital processing of the images. The System in installed real time is apt to carry through neutron radiography inspections of static and dynamic events of several types of samples. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background/Purpose: Congenital esophageal stenosis (CES) is a rare malformation. Endoscopic dilations represent a therapeutic option. This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of a conservative treatment of CES. Patients and Methods: Patients diagnosed with CES since 1980 by a barium study or endoscopy were reviewed. Endoscopic ultrasonography (Olympus UM-3R-20-MHz radial miniprobe, Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), available from 2001, allowed for the differential diagnosis of tracheobronchial remnants (TBR) and fibromuscular hypertrophy (FMH) CES. All children underwent conservative treatment by endoscopic dilations (hydrostatic and Savary). Results: Forty-seven patients (20 men) had CES. Fifteen were associated with esophageal atresia; and 8, with Down syndrome. Mea...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In coke-oven operations flue-gas valves are used to switch the regenerator function from rich gas firing to lean gas firing. Compared with the simple geometry of the other parts of the flow path, which comprise flues and regenerators, the narrow and winding passages of the flue-gas valves give rise to relatively high losses in pressure. Without the construction of high (and therefore expensive) chimneys, this means that operating problems may well arise due the inadequate suction capacity. The project focused on the theoretical and experimental analysis of a coke-oven flue-gas valve. The primary aim was to reduce the pressure drop through the valve without modifying its external geomerty. The internal flow characteristics created by different valve geometries under a variety of operating conditions were simulated using the commercial CFD code Fluent/UNS, which provided velocity and pressure distributions. A half-scale model valve was constructed in order to characterise the internal ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alter both oil crisis, of 1973 and 1979, a bad effect of the elevated costs and continuously increment of the oil prices was noted, for this reason, the interest for renewable energies sources widely available in developing countries was increased. All over the world, governments have formulated main objectives for energies savings and search for friendly technologies, taking into account the effects related with the environment. The imminent scarcity of fossil fuels has made humanity the rational use of primary energies, as a result of these; new plants with improved technology have been conceived taking into account energy savings and efficiency improvement. In this context, biomass gasification technologies are important, since they consist in techniques of parallel production of electricity and heat from just one fuel. This work consists in the development of a gasifier down draft of 100 kW for an internal combustion engine, which includes its sizing process and its energy ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundFor hundred of years, people in the region encompassed by the Afghanistan-Iran-Pakistan borders (AIP region) have been challenged by conflict and political and civil instability,...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

the southern Arabian Gulf region left its signature on the heterogeneous aerosol .... Arabian Gulf region, since large differences in ? may be caused by ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The muscles of three different arthropods, a mite, a fly, and an ostracod, show variations in the length of the A region within a given individual. There is no indication that the observed differences...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

dust measured in the Arabian Gulf region during UAE2 and examine the hypothesis that ... [8] UAE2 took place in the southern Arabian Gulf region in August and ...

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:21398174

CERN Multimedia

It was in the intersection I-6 that the experiment R603 was located

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... Marine transport and oil disposal by boats and Matadi pose threats in the region. When the water ... ...

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:15922238

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The report describes the processing of TiSi{sub 2}, MoSi{sub 2} and Ti{sub 5}Si{sub 3} by means of metal injection molding (MIM). First, the sintering activities of the three materials were investigated. After this, the viscosities of different mixtures of organic binder and powders of the three materials were determined, and in the final stage, components were produced by injection molding, the binder was removed, and the components were sintered. TiSi{sub 2} in powder form could be sintered to more than 95% of its theoretical density after 4 h at 1386 C. Metallographic analyses proved leaktightness of the component at this density. In the case of Ti{sub 5}Si{sub 3}, it was found that this material requires very long sintering times and high sintering temperatures for sintering to about 94% of its theoretical density. Metallographic analyses showed that only about 90% of the theoretical density was reached. MoSi{sub 2} in powder form could be sintered to only 90% of its theoretical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

At-site and regional frequency analyses of annual maximum 1-, 2-, and 3-days rainfall in Han River basin was performed and compared based on the regional L-moments algorithm. To perform regional frequency analysis, Han River basin was subdivided into 3 sub-basins such as South Han River, North Han River, and downstream regions. For each sub-basin, the discordancy and homogeneity tests were performed. As the results of goodness of fit tests, lognormal model was selected as an appropriate probability distribution for both South Han River and downstream regions and gamma-3 model for North Han River region. From Monte Carlo simulation, RBIAS and RRMSE of the estimated quantiles from regional frequency analysis and at-site frequency analysis were calculated and compared each other. Regional frequency analysis shows less RRMSE ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By retrofitting the existing steam turbine dual purpose power plant with a gas turbine plant and a secondary waste heat boiler the Technische Werke Ludwigshafen AG have considerably improved the energy generation in energetic, economic and ecological terms. The extension of the existing system to a combined cycle process has lead to this positive effect. The erection of a boiler plant during the first two construction phases has fully met the optimistic expectations. (orig.) [Deutsch] Mit der Nachruestung eines vorhandenen Dampfturbinen-HKW um eine Gasturbinenanlage mit nachgeschaltetem Abhitzekessel haben die Technischen Werke Ludwigshafen AG ihre Energieerzeugung entscheidend in energetischer, oekonomischer und oekologischer Sicht optimiert. Insbesondere die Erweiterung des vorhandenen Systems zu einem GuD-Prozess fuehrt zu dieser positiven Bilanz. Die Errichtung der Kesselanlage in den ersten beiden Bauabschnitten hat die optimistischen Erwartungen voll ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Licensing procedures are of great importance in the entire decision-making and planning process for erection of cogeneration power plants. The paper presented is a condensed version of the ASUE guide published in May 1999 and gives compact and topical information about legal and procedural aspects for orientation of people not yet familiar with the licensing procedures. An initial outline lists and characterises the procedures involved, which then are explained in greater detail, accompanied by flowsheets and diagrams. (orig./CB) [German] Genehmigungsverfahren besitzen im Entscheidungs- und Planungsprozess eine grosse Bedeutung. Um Planern, Bauherren und Behoerden hierzu einen kompakten und aktuellen Ueberblick bieten zu koennen, wurde dieses Referat als Kurzfassung der im Mai 1999 veroeffentlichten ASUE-Broschuere zusammengestellt. Sie bietet vor allem denjenigen eine Hilfestellung, die noch keine Erfahrungen mit den Genehmigungsverfahren gesammelt haben. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wider coal lines and larger power plant units necessitate measures for increasing the capacity of the mills without driving up power consumption and installation costs. The result of this development is the modern ALSTOM bowl mill. This paper indicates the stages of development which were necessary for this and the experience which could be accumulated through these measures. The paper also describes in detail the areas of flow in the mills, of design of milling equipment, of mill power supply and of grading in this development. (orig.) [Deutsch] Breitere Kohlebaender und groessere Kraftwerkseinheiten zwingen zu Massnahmen, um die Leistung der Muehlen zu vergroessern, ohne jedoch den Kraftbedarf und die Installationskosten in die Hoehe zu treiben. Das Ergebnis dieser Entwicklung ist die moderne ALSTOM-Schuesselmuehle. Der Beitrag zeigt, welche Entwicklungsschritte hierzu erforderlich waren und welche Erfahrungen mit den Massnahmen gesammelt werden konnten. Im ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The principle of radiodiagnosis consists in the fact the X-ray beam is attenuated at different degrees by distinct tissues. For this reason, the anatomical structures have distinct radiological opacities, that produce the radiographic image. The progresses in radiology are related to the development if new radiographic image formation systems that enable an amplification in the quality, with low dose and/or risk to the patient. The objective of this work is the sensitometric valuation of a screen-film combination, that is still the most used, for the standardization, of radiographic images. Thinking about this, were constructed homogeneous phantoms of the chest, skull and pelvis, for the calibration of X-ray beams, with the purpose of obtaining radiographic images of good quality, basing in the routine of a radiodiagnosis service and in the scientific knowledge. Questions were approached about the choice of the suitable equipment, that allow the obtention of k Vp and m As combinations, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A heat transfer (condenser) of a domestic freezer was tested in a vertical channel in order to study the influence of the chimney effect in the optimization of the heat transfer coefficient. The variation of the opening of the channel, position and the heating power of the heat exchanger in the heat transfer coefficient was considered. The influence of the surface emissivity on the heat transfer by thermal radiation was studied with the heat exchanger testes without paint and with black paint. The air velocity entering the channel was measured with a hot wire anemometer. In order to evaluate the chimney effect, the heat exchanger was testes in a open ambient. This situation simulates its operational conditions when installed on the freezer system. The variables collected in the experimental procedures was gathered in the form of dimensionless parameters as Nusselt, Rayleigh, Grashof and Prandtl numbers, and dimensional parameters of the convection. The results showed that the highest ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The onshore Potiguar basin has nowadays around 5.000 artificial lifting petroleum wells, distributed into 80 fields located on the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Ceara, representing approximately 8% of the national oil production. For that, well maintenance service, realized by Workover Rigs, is essential to preserve the oil productivity of the reservoirs on these fields. However, as the number of rigs is lower than to the number of wells needing maintenance, the task of administrating the management of such equipment according to the demand created by the wells, generates an optimization problem. The decision for a rig intervention on a well depends on parameters such as flow rate, depth, wasted time on intervention, distance from the rig to the next well, type of operation, rig capacity, environmental risks, etc. The objective of this paper is to present an interactive Computational System for Support Decision to the optimized management of the wells attended by the rig fleet. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The study examines the isothermal fatigue properties of novel ODS iron-base or nickel-base superalloys at temperatures of 850 C and 1050 C. The materials are different in grain structure and texture, so that particularly the effects of grain structures and textures can be studied. In order to also perform examinations of creep-fatigue interactions, various load cycles are applied. It is shown that the LCF-affected life of the grain structures of both alloy types is determined by the elastic modulus. The cyclic lifetimes determined by the conventional Manson-Coffin method for both alloy types exhibit differences of up to two orders of magnitude. Using the product of the total strain range and the elastic modulus, however, will yield precise life predictions. Under conditions of LCF stress only, the grain structure has no effect on the materials` service life, other than in the case of creep-fatigue, but the grain structure has a decisive influence on the damage mechanisms and the course ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It turns out of interest to Comision Federal de Electricidad and Petroleos Mexicanos to reduce costs of fuel oil, reducing the viscosity of the residues petroleum of high vacuum distillation emulsifying these with water. The parameters that define the characteristics of the emulsions are mainly the relation of their components, viscosity, size and drop distribution and its stability. The experimental work began producing emulsions in form of lots, using samples of approximately 500 milliliters of vacuum residue. In this first stage, at different concentrations, were examined eight different surfactants, as well as combinations among them, also seven different stabilizers were used. With these tests it has been managed to identify the concentrations, as well as the most adequate relations of surfactants and stabilizers for the production of emulsions of vacuum residues in water. The size and drop distribution has been determined by means of an optical LEICA microscope, model DMLS, that ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This study was undertaken to determine the scope and focus for an integrated assessment of climate change impacts on, and adaptation options for, the Cairns Great Barrier Reef (CGBR) region. To achieve this, the authors employed both technical expertise and regional stakeholder input. This document describes the study objectives and the process used to meet these objectives, and provides an overview of the CGBR region, the views of technical experts on potential climate change impacts, stakeholder prioritisation of impacts and adaptation options, a list of perceived knowledge gaps, and a recommended structure for a future integrated assessment in the region. The aim of the study was to determine the scope and focus for an integrated regional assessment of climate change impacts on, and adaptation options for, the CGBR region. The key objectives of the study ...

CERN Document Server

Relativistic strongly magnetized winds outflowing from fast-rotating compact objects like millisecond pulsars with surface magnetic fields of $\\sim 10^{15}-10^{16}$ G are plausible sources of cosmological $\\gamma$-ray bursts. In such winds, there are at least three regions where extremely powerful X-ray and $\\gamma$-ray emission may be generated. The first radiating region is the wind photosphere that is at a distance of $\\sim 10^9$ cm from the compact object. The second radiating region is at a distance of $\\sim 10^{13}-10^{14}$ cm. In this region, the striped component of the wind field is transformed into large-amplitude electromagnetic waves. The third radiating region is at a distance of $\\sim 10^{16}-10^{17}$ cm, where deceleration of the wind due to its interaction with an ambient medium becomes important. Radiation from all these regions is ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundDue to the increased accuracy of Copy Number Variable region (CNV) break point mapping, it is now possible to say with a reasonable degree of confidence whether a gene...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundTo assess the relationship between improved regional and global myocardial function in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy in response to β-blocker therapy or...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

A critical problem for reliable implementation of regional discrimination is incomplete understanding of how regional seismic signals depend on physical characteristics of the source and propagation path to the recording station. This research is directed...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundNorthern Uganda unlike other rural regions has registered high HIV prevalence rates comparable to those of urbanized Kampala and the central region. This could be due to...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Multiple discrete regions at 8q24 were recently shown to contain alleles that predispose to many cancers including prostate, breast, and colon. These regions are far from any annotated gene and their...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Surveys were conducted in one urban and two rural regions of the United Republic of Cameroon to estimate the annual incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis. Three different survey methods were used: a...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Recent studies have reported that cognitive inflexibility associated with impairments in a frontal-striatal circuit and parietal region is a core cognitive deficit of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThere are 146 million underweight children in the developing world, which contribute to up to half of the world's child deaths. In high burden regions for malnutrition,...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

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Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

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Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Union (INTAS), Brussels (Belgium) Science and Technology Center in Unkraine,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

By the methods of small-angle X-ray scattering and translucent electron microscopy the existence of inhomogeneity of electron density in hydrogenated films of amorphous silicon is confirmed. The decreased density regions are extended and form a branched network of channels oriented mostly by the normal direction to the films surface. The typical size of the decreased density regions network constitutes 10 nm in the 100-800 nm films thickness range. The increase of hydrogen total partial pressure in gas mixture in case of films growth results at first in the decrease of extension of these regions and than to micropores generation in the network nodal points of the decreased electron density regions.

Science.gov (United States)

... Khobar Towers bombing in three ways. The first was to revaluate the force posture in the Arabian Gulf region. This led to ...

Science.gov (United States)

... EC) in Western Europe and the Gulf Cooperation Council of the Arab States (GCC) in the Arabian Gulf region. Others. but ...

ScienceCinema

...changes consistent with global warming ? uh how to regional scale within ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The report is the second of three describing the geology of coal quality variations in the foothills and mountains region of Alberta. The Lower Cretaceous Luscar Group, Lower Paleocene Coalspur Formation, and the Upper Paleocene Paskapoo Formation (Obed-Marsh coal zone, which is classified as a foothills deposit) are evaluated. Data on proximate and ultimate analysis variables, calorific analysis, vitrinite reflectance, maceral analyses, and coal quality relationships are presented. The coals range from low volatile bituminous to subbituminous A. Regional and local in seam coal quality variations are examined. 49 refs., 39 figs., 6 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this report is to show how Energetic Planning and Territorial Policy should be working together for a better integration of Renewable Energies into Region. This Integration should to contemplate social, economic and environmental aspects of the territory. The report has been classified into 7 items: planning, energetic scenarios, technology transfer for Renewable Energies dissemination, barriers for this dissemination, environmental aspects, European Union Policy and Decision Support Systems (and specially GIS). (Author) 54 refs.

CERN Document Server

This paper is about two arrangements of hyperplanes. The first --- the Shi arrangement --- was introduced by Jian-Yi Shi to describe the Kazhdan-Lusztig cells in the affine Weyl group of type $A$. The second --- the Ish arrangement --- was recently defined by the first author who used the two arrangements together to give a new interpretation of the $q,t$-Catalan numbers of Garsia and Haiman. In the present paper we will define a mysterious "combinatorial symmetry" between the two arrangements and show that this symmetry preserves a great deal of information. For example, the Shi and Ish arrangements share the same characteristic polynomial, the same numbers of regions, bounded regions, dominant regions, regions with $c$ "ceilings" and $d$ "degrees of freedom", etc. Moreover, all of these results hold in the greater generality of "deleted" Shi and Ish arrangements corresponding to an arbitrary subgraph ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The results of experiments received on the plasma focus (PF) device with energy stored equal 4 kJ are represented. Photos of the current plasma sheath (CPS), pre-pinch, sphere-like plasma formations are produced with help of the electron-optical converter contained a gated micro-channel plate (MCP) and the CCD-camera imaging system in the visible region. The redial velocity of the CPS is about 107 cm/s. Neon plasma electron density measured with help of the interferograms in the visible region and the spectra in the soft X-ray region is equals to 3?1018 cm-3. Electron temperature is equal to about 200 eV. Discharge integral photos were obtained with help of the soft X-ray pinhole camera. Pictures with 2 ?s resolution of the plasma luminescence above PF anode region were made by CCD-camera.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The distribution of /sup 35/S-sulfate and /sup 3/H-glucosamine in the angular region of the hamster was studied by light and electron microscopic autoradiography following intraperitoneal injection of these compounds to hamsters. Exposed silver grains of /sup 35/S-sulfate were concentrated in the trabecular meshwork, sclera, and cornea, and grains of /sup 3/H-glucosamine were localized in the trabecular region. The radioactivity of both isotopes was observed in the Golgi apparatuses of the endothelial cells of the angular aqueous plexus and the trabecular meshwork. The grains were noted over the entire cytoplasm, except for the nucleus, and then were incorporated into the amorphous substance and collagen fibers in the region adjacent to the angular aqueous sinus. These results suggest that endothelial cells in the angular region synthesize and secrete the sulfated glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronic acid.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Two criteria, geologic stability and barrier effectiveness, form the basis of the Subseabed Disposal Program's site qualification plan to evaluate the ocean basins and identify those regions having characteristics most favorable for containment of radioactive waste. Stability criteria are used to define those regions least likely to be disturbed by tectonic forces or oceanographic changes during the lifetime of a waste repository. Barrier criteria define those lithologies most likely to form an effective barrier to the release of radionuclides. Two north Pacific regions and three north Atlantic regions (PAC I and II and ATL I, II, and III, respectively) have thus far been selected for further investigation based on the site qualification plan. The PAC I region, centered on the Shatsky Rise in the northwest Pacific, has been subdivided into areas and locations on the basis ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The nonequilibrium Zeldovich-von Neumann-Doring theory of detonation in solid explosives is extended to include recent nanosecond and picosecond experimental and theoretical results on each of the four main regions of the reaction zone. The first region is the three-dimensional, Mach stem dominated leading shock front which excites the phonon modes of the explosive molecules in less than a picosecond. The second region is the multiphonon up-pumping process in which the excited phonons anharmonically couple to the low frequency (doorway) vibrational modes which in turn equilibrate with the higher frequency modes by internal vibrational redistribution. This process may require on the order of tens of picoseconds. The third region is the chemical reconstitution region in which the vibrationally equilibrated transition state decomposes in a series of chain reaction steps into highly ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The further optimisation and improvement of the efficiency of internal combustion engines require the realisation of new technologies leading to a distinctively faster warm-up behaviour of the coolant and lubricants as well as of the engine components after a cold start. In order to achieve reduced fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions with the help of heat management, the design criteria of innovative cooling systems need to be reflected and adapted to future requirements. The use of intelligent components within the cooling system, such as the 'Stand Alone Rotary Valve' as a thermostat's substitute or the use of coolant pumps with a rotary valve integrated into the pump's inlet chamber, offer new ways to realise in a decisively quicker and more flexible way the appropriate heating up and cooling down procedures at varying driving conditions. A description of both of the intelligent components for the cooling system is given in this paper. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Damage survey of protective coats of modern gas turbine blade shows that most damages are not due to classic wear mechanisms such as oxydation or high-temperature corrosion but caused by foreign bodies, poor coating during manufacturing, or operation-caused cracks. Mere visual inspection of cracks is often not sufficient to tell whether cracks are superficial or whether they have already progressed into the base material. Non-destructive methods such as ultrasonic inspection or eddy-current testing are helpful tools but there is not yet a fully matured testing concept at hand. Metallographical tests can give important information about crack mechanisms and thermal, chemical and mechanical stresses.(orig.) [German] Die Schadenerfahrung mit Schutzschichten moderner Gasturbinenschaufeln zeigt, dass die meisten Schaeden nicht auf die klassischen Verbrauchsmechanismen wie Oxydation und Hochtemperaturkorrosion zurueckzufuehren sind, sondern durch Fremdkoerper, herstellungsbedingte ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The nozzle-group regulation of steam turbines plays furtheron an important role in the operation of power stations owing to modern, adaptable control-technical valve timing possibilities. New procedures for a choice-connection of different nozzle areas via the control valves as well as the use of valve laps require, however, a differentiated consideration of the loss mechanism in the inlet area of the turbine, in order to be able to assess and minimize its specific heat consumption also at the operational points outside the layout- and calculation-technically fixed guarantee or valve points, respectively. The basic technical-physical stages to this are explained. (orig.) [Deutsch] Die Duesengruppenregelung von Dampfturbinen nimmt nicht zuletzt dank moderner, anpassungsfaehiger leittechnischer Ventilansteuerungsmoeglichkeiten weiterhin eine bedeutende Stellung beim Betrieb von Kraftwerken ein. Neue Verfahren zur wahlweisen Zuschaltung unterschiedlicher Duesenflaechen ueber die ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blades of modern steam turbines are designed for high efficiency and operational safety. Modern computer programs enable optimisation of design but factors like manufacturing, assembly, operation and downtimes still play an important role. Damage statistics show that blade damage still quite frequent. Selected cases from the Allianz damage assessment centre show some of the more frequent damage mechanisms. Damage is often caused when several factors come together. Prevention of follow-up damage requires early identification of beginning damage.(orig.) [German] Die Auslegung der Beschaufelung moderner Dampfturbinen hat die Vorgabe, einen hohen Wirkungsgrad bei gleichzeitig hoher Betriebssicherheit zu erreichen. Mit den heute zur Verfuegung stehenden Rechenprogrammen ist eine entsprechende Optimierung realisierbar. Fuer die langzeitige Betriebsbewaehrung haben aber Einflussgroessen aus Fertigung, Montage, Betrieb und Stillstand auch heute noch die gleiche Bedeutung wie in der ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heat pumps for residential space heating become an increasingly important alternative to the conventional heating system like gas or oil burner. They offer the opportunity to reduce CO{sub 2} emission associated with heating residential homes in Germany. High compressors efficiency and a wide operating map are required so that an economically viable heat pumps is achieved which meets the operational conditions for present and future heating systems. The design parameter of existing heating systems require relatively high condensing temperatures which can be achieved with dedicated compressor designs. The design of Scroll compressors specially adapted to these heat pumps is shown and their operation is explained. (orig.) [German] Waermepumpen fuer die Wohnraumheizung gewinnen an Bedeutung als Alternative zur konventionellen Gas- oder Oelheizung. Sie bieten die Moeglichkeit, die mit der Gebaeudeheizung verbundene Emission von Kohlendioxid in Deutschland zu reduzieren. Ein hoher ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The position paper will provide the basis for further strategies on offshore wind power development in consideration of ecological and conservation aspects. [German] Das Positionspapier des Bundesministeriums fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit (BMU) einschliesslich des Umweltbundesamtes (UBA) und des Bundesamtes fuer Naturschutz (BfN) ist Ergebnis der Arbeiten der BMU-Projektgruppe 'Windenergienutzung im Offshore-Bereich im Hinblick auf die BMU-Anliegen'. Es beschreibt den derzeitigen Stand einer Strategie zur umwelt- und naturvertraeglichen Erschliessung der Windenergienutzung auf See (Offshore). Es bildet die Grundlage fuer die Weiterentwicklung dieser Strategie und dabei insbesondere zur Abstimmung mit den Anliegen anderer Bundesressorts und den Kuestenlaendern, sowie zur intensiveren Einbeziehung beteiligter Verbaende und Fachkreise. Vor dem Hintergrund der zur Genehmigung eingereichten Antraege fuer Offshore-Windparks, mangelnder Erfahrung der ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

About 25 years after the last edification of a new large high voltage institute at Technical University of Karlsruhe and about 10 years afte the edification of the test lab at Kaiserslautern University, the Brandenburg Technical University of Cottbus had the opportunity to design new high voltage test facilities from the very beginning on and to realize it in a very short time. To review the project from the first ideas followed by the planning and realization phase and the final commissioning of the technical equipment, this book should be a contribution to spred the experiences made among interested people and to demonstrate the actual technical possibilities. To ensure an international exchange of these experiences, all co-authors to the trouble to translate their participation's also to the English language. (orig.) [German] Etwa 25 Jahre nach dem letzten grossen hochspannungstechnischen Institutsneubau in der deutschen Hochschullandschaft an der TH Karlsruhe, bzw. 10 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

CNG vehicles suffer from an uncontrolled temperature rise of the gas inside the tank during the filling process and heat exchange with the environment leads to variable filling levels. A partly filled tank reduces the range of CNG vehicles and works as a impediment to the spreading of environmentaly more friendly CNG vehicles. The increase of the pressure inside the tank combined with a prolongation of the filling time beyond three minutes can reduce the deficit of the filling process. For economic reasons the time required for refuelling should be as short as possible without the need to operate the filling station with a critical pressure. To meet this target the current technique requires further improvement. (orig.) [Deutsch] Die betriebliche Praxis bei Tankvorgaengen von Erdgasfahrzeugen zeigt, dass waehrend des Tankvorganges die Temperatur des getankten Erdgases im Fahrzeugtank ansteigt. Waehrend und nach Beendigung des Tankvorganges findet ein Temperaturausgleich mit der ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Molybdenum is an essential element for living organisms. Moreover its radionuclides may represent an incorporation risk for members of the public and/or radiation workers after a nuclear accident or a release of radioactive materials. However, only few reliable data on Mo biokinetics in humans were available. The results of recent tracer kinetic investigations with stable isotopes have shown several differences from the ICRP data with regard to the processes of intestinal absorption and of excretion. As a consequence, the dose coefficients calculated with a revised biokinetic model deviate from the ICRP estimates. By ingestion of {sup 99}Mo radionuclides with solid food, for example, the dose to the colon may be higher of a factor up to 1 order of magnitude, due to the fraction of non-absorbed material which traverses the gastro-intestinal tract. (orig.) [Deutsch] Molybdaen ist einerseits ein fuer Lebewesen essentielles Spurenelement, andererseits koennen radioaktive Mo-Isotope im ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order for fuel cells to be successful, a full-scale hydrogen infastructure is required. The HyTra concept is presented here (HYdrogen TRAnsform, Transfer and TRAnsport) involves combined production, storage and supply of hydrogen in a transportable trailer, i.e. it is both a hydrogen production unit and a mobile filling station. The trailer can be transported to the selected site, where it will produce gaseous hydrogen from electricity and water by electrolysis. A compressor pumps the gas into an internal pressure tank and compresses it to filling pressure. Filling takes place by the overflow principle via a flexible high-pressure line with a standardised H{sub 2} filling unit. (orig.) [German] Um die Marktdurchdringung der Brennstoffzellentechnik gewaehrleisten zu koennen, muss eine flaechendeckende Wasserstoffinfrastruktur aufgebaut werden. Das neue HyTra-Konzept (HYdrogen TRAnsform, TRAnsfer and TRAnsport) beruht auf der Kombination von Wasserstoff-Erzeugung, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The externally fired combined cycle (EFCC) process utilises a high temperature heat exchanger to transfer the heat of a dirty flue gas to a clean working medium. In comparison to other combined cycle concepts, like integrated gasification combined cycle or pressurized pulverized coal combustion, the problems of hot gas cleaning are avoided. The first part of the publication (BWK 5/02) deals with the possible concepts and the efficiency potential of the externally fired combined cycle. The applicability of metallic and ceramic heat exchanger materials are discussed. The second part summarizes the state of the art and presents the basic design of a ceramic heat exchanger. [German] Der extern gefeuerte Gasturbinenprozess arbeitet mit einem Waermeuebertrager, um ein Arbeitsmedium auf Gasturbineneintrittstemperatur zu erhitzen. Im Vergleich zu Kombiprozessen mit integrierter Kohlevergasung oder Druckkohlenstaubfeuerung entfaellt damit die Heissgasreinigung. Der erste ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Several technological alternatives have been studied taking into consideration that one of the biggest problems of the electric power companies is to provide electric power during the peak consumption periods, which largest contribution to the increase of the demand comes from the residential sector, especially by the use of electric showers. One of the most promising alternatives is the pre-water heating system for reduced power showers, developed by Universidade de Campinas and Companhia Paulista de Forca e Luz. The goal of this system is basically to reduce demand during the peak periods, in order to avoid heavy investments by the electric power companies in generation, transmission and distribution of electric power directed to low acquisitive power customers, a sector in which the electric power price is not enough to recover such investments. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the total energy required in the construction of one of these systems and compare it to the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The distribution of graphite particles in graphite containing copper alloy was further improved very significantly using several procedures and technological modifications. The developed techniques attacked the graphite distribution problem in two ways. Realizing that clustering of very fine (5um) graphite particles is one of the two major problems, a pretreatment process has been developed using aluminum powders to deagglomerate graphite particles. Along with this, a two-stage stirring technique was used to first incorporate and then to distribute uniformly the deagglomerated particles in the melt. During this year, based on these developments, several components were cast to evaluate the castability of Cu alloy-graphite melts. In addition, machinability tests were done to clearly established that addition of graphite particles improve the machinability of copper MMC alloys over and above that of monolithic copper alloys. The results show that the machining chip ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The results of the creep performance studies at temperatures from 700-1000 C with welds of alloy 800 HT, the manual shielded metal arc welds made with Githerm 85 and Grini 209 filler metals, as well as the MIG pulsed arc welds made with the Nicrofer S 206 and Nicrofer S 5520 filler metals, proved to be in very good agreement with the calculated characteristic values published on VdTUeV sheet 434 in comparative assessments based on creep values valid for a service period of 10 000 hours. The MIG pulsed arc weld made with the Nicrofer S 5520 filler metal achieved by far the best results and strength values comparable to those of the base material, whereas the values of the other welds were corresponding to calculated strength values of the base material reduced by 20%. (orig./CB) [Deutsch] Die im Temperaturbereich von 700-1000 C an Alloy 800 HT und den Elektrodenhandschweissverbindungen mit den Schweisszusaetzen Gritherm 85 und Grini 209, sowie den MIG-Pulsed-Arc-Schweissungen mit den ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pulmonary infections and tumors are a major cause of death in patients with AIDS. The combination of clinical, radiological, laboratory, and pathohistological data helps to narrow the spectrum of differential diagnoses or even allows a specific diagnosis in many patients. Nevertheless, an accurate diagnosis should be obtained as soon as possible during the clinical course of the illness to initiate treatment in time. Computed tomography (CT) has proven to provide promising results in the diagnosis of AIDS-related throacic diseases. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate the diagnostic capacities of CT in the context of particular AIDS-related thoracic pathologies. Additional information on the spectrum of pathological agents and on differential diagnostic signs is summarized. (orig.) [Deutsch] Pulmonale Infektionen und Tumore sind eine wesentliche Todesursache bei Patienten, die am erworbenen Immunmangelsyndrom AIDS leiden. In den meisten Faellen gelingt es, durch Zusammenschau ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Two spreading experiments were performed at the FARO facility with prototypical core melts of a UO{sub 2}/ZrO{sub 2} weight percentage of 80/20. The objective was to obtain data on the spreading at flow rates of about 2 l/s of more than 100 kg prototypic high temperature oxide melt on a dry and wet stainless steel plate. For the second spreading test a shallow water layer of 10 mm was added on the substrate. Solutions for an isothermal spreading with a constant volume flux boundary condition in a sector with an angle {phi} are used to analyse the FARO L-32S experiment and to identify the source of discrepancies between the code results (THEMA, CORFLOW) and the experimental findings. The observed spreading behaviour of both FARO experiments can only be explained if an initial melt temperature below the liquidus temperature, i.e. about 120 K lower than the temperature measured by the UTS sensors is assumed. (orig.) [German] Zwei Ausbreitungsexperimente mit einer UO{sub 2}/ZrO{sub 2} ...

CERN Document Server

The transition region between the straight part and the ends of the coils of the LHC model and prototype dipole magnets are often identified as the origin of training quenches. In order to study how the discontinuities in the material properties of these regions affect coil pre-stress and possibly gain more insight in the quench behavior, a program was set up at CERN to analyze by 3D-FEM these particular regions. The ACCEL team, who performed a similar analysis for the main quadrupoles of the Superconducting Supercollider SSC, is entrusted with this program. In this paper we report on the results of 3D-modeling and analysis of the coil return end region, including the complete coil mass, of a 1-m single bore model magnet. This magnet represents all relevant features of the "two-in-one" LHC main dipole design concerning the winding configuration, the collar pack, the yoke, and the outer shell ...

Science.gov (United States)

Characteristics of inertia gravity waves associated with convection are investigated in the lower stratosphere using high-resolution radiosonde data observed from 18 June to 15 July of 2005 and 2007 in Korea. Three-dimensional ray-tracing model and reanalysis data are used to investigate the propagation and the sources of the observed waves. The observed waves associated with convections are discriminated based on the existence of convections when and where the rays reach the average height range of convective clouds. Waves observed in 2005 and 2007 show similar spectral characteristics, but wave energy in 2007 is significantly larger than in 2005. The observed waves propagate from three source regions: the northeastern, southeastern, and western regions around Korea. They show preferential propagation directions based on their sources, and convections from the western region generate larger-amplitude gravity waves than the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Computer simulated small-angle neutron scattering curves of spherical poly disperse extruded unilamellar liposomes from saturated 1,2-diacylphosphatidylcholines in the aqueous phase are evaluated by using a multi shell model, which divides the lipid bilayer of liposomes into the polar head group region, and the nonpolar hydrocarbon region consisting of the chains of methylene groups and of the region of methyl groups. In the each of these regions, the coherent neutron scattering length density is supposed to by homogeneous. The evaluation is based on obtaining of radius of gyration from Kratky-Porod plot of small-angle neutron scattering data in the Guinier region of small scattering vector values. From radii of gyration obtained at several different molar fractions N_D_2_O/(N_D-2_O + N_H_2_O) in the aqueous phase (contrasts) and independent volumetric data, the lipid surface area ...

CERN Document Server

To understand evolutionary and environmental effects during the formation of high-mass stars, we observed three regions of massive star formation at different evolutionary stages that reside in the same natal molecular cloud. Methods. The three regions S255IR, S255N and S255S were observed at 1.3 mm with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and followup short spacing information was obtained with the IRAM 30m telescope. Near infrared (NIR) H + K-band spectra and continuum observations were taken for S255IR with VLT-SINFONI to study the different stellar populations in this region. The combination of millimeter (mm) and near infrared data allow us to characterize different stellar populations within the young forming cluster in detail. While we find multiple mm continuum sources toward all regions, their outflow, disk and chemical properties vary considerably. The most evolved source S255IR exhibits a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Unique measurement of the proton structure function F2 in a wide two-dimensional region of x and Q**2 has been reported. The accessible kinematics covers entire resonance region up to W=2.5 GeV in the Q**2 interval from 0.1 to 4.5 GeV**2. Obtained data allowed for the first time an evaluation of moments of the structure function F2 directly from experimental data as well as an intensive study of the Bloom-Gilman duality phenomenon.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study was made on the effect of 3.5 MeV electron irradiation on the properties of light-emissive structure based on GaAlAs. It is shown that a considerable decrease in the emitted light intensity as a result of electron irradiation not accompanied by changes in recombination- and electric properties of the mentioned structures. It is established by the electron-microscopy and Auger-spectroscopy meazurements that electron irradiation causes the occurrence of regions of free aluminium clusters on the external surface of the structure n-layer. The number and the sizes of the regions depend on the electron doze. It was assumed that the mentioned regions can play a role of attenuation filter for the light emitted by the structure.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Excitation of the HF electric field in the local plasma resonance region (LPRR) of inhomogeneous plasma by pumping electric field or modulated electron beam results to appearance of the ponderomotive force that presses plasma out of this region. Density cavity is formed in the LPRR due to this field. Further dynamics in this region depends on the plasma properties. For plasma with hot electrons ion-acoustic pulses run away from the cavity. at the local density maximum the new peak of electric field is excited. It results to the formation of new density cavity, etc. For isothermal plasma the density jump is formed.

CERN Document Server

A significant asymmetry in baryon/antibaryon yields in the central region of high energy collisions is observed when the initial state has non-zero baryon charge. This asymmetry is connected with the possibility of a baryon charge diffusion in rapidity space. Evidently, such a diffusion should decrease the baryon charge in the fragmentation region leading to the corresponding decrease of the multiplicity of leading baryons. As a result, a new mechanism for Feynman scaling violation in the fragmentation region is obtained. We present the quantitative predictions for the Feynman scaling violation at LHC energies and even at highier energies that can be important for cosmic ray physics.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The thawing of permafrost regions is supposed to increase climatic change processes due to the released methane. During the last decades the temperature of permafrost soils has increased by several tenths of degree up to 2 deg C. It is supposed that 10 to 20% of the permafrost regions will thaw during the next 100 years. The southern boundary of the permafrost region will move several hundred kilometers toward the north. Besides the increased risk for the climate system there will also be disadvantageous consequences for the ecosystems. Negative economic consequences are already observed and will be enhanced in the futures with significant cost for the public.

Science.gov (United States)

... hypersonic aerodynamic force, or the space-equivalent region. Some of these experiments change the X-15 from a research airplane to a kind of space probe, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Inst. de Quimica. Dept. de Quimica Organica Miguez, Eduardo Tavares, Maria

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study revisits the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for water pollution by using a recent dynamic technique, which is the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach, for a board sample of 97 countries during the period 1980-2001. On a global scale, as we cannot obtain the EKC relationship between real income and biological oxygen demand (BOD) emissions, this paper further classifies these countries into four regional groups - Africa, Asia and Oceania, America, and Europe - to explore whether the different regions have different ECK relationships. The empirical results show evidence of the inverted U-shaped EKC relationships' existence in America and Europe, but not in Africa and Asia and Oceania. Thus, the regional difference of EKC for water pollution is supported. Furthermore, the estimated turning points are, approximately, US$13,956 and US$38,221 for America and Europe, respectively.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study revisits the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for water pollution by using a recent dynamic technique, which is the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach, for a board sample of 97 countries during the period 1980-2001. On a global scale, as we cannot obtain the EKC relationship between real income and biological oxygen demand (BOD) emissions, this paper further classifies these countries into four regional groups - Africa, Asia and Oceania, America, and Europe - to explore whether the different regions have different ECK relationships. The empirical results show evidence of the inverted U-shaped EKC relationships' existence in America and Europe, but not in Africa and Asia and Oceania. Thus, the regional difference of EKC for water pollution is supported. Furthermore, the estimated turning points are, approximately, US$13,956 and US$38,221 for America and Europe, respectively. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

... For short-warning crises in other regions, Marine Expeditionary Units, the 82nd Airborne Division, Special Operations Forces, and Air Force/Navy ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Joint Publication (JP) 5-0 (Washington DC: CJCS, 29 September ... and Execution System (JOPES) Volume 1. CJCSM 3122.01A (Washington, DC: 6 ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A specific application of single photon emission tomography to the relative quantitation of the pituitary region is described together with the results obtained in 19 patients with pituitary adenoma...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

English 2010 p. 38 Brazil Santos, Talita de Oliveira Rocha, Zildete Barreto,

Science.gov (United States)

... power in the Arabian Gulf region with Iraq emerging as the new champion of the Arab world. These two political objectives ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document is a collection of spreadsheets detailing in a county by county manner the agricultural crop, agricultural wastes, municipal wastes and industrial wastes in Florida that are potential biomass energy sources.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveTo examine the extent to which the regional and neighborhood distribution of HIV in Tanzania is caused by the differential distribution of individual correlates...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Form as the end result of massive star evolution; Type II supernova: collapse of iron core in highly evolved massive star; outer regions blasted away in ...

Science.gov (United States)

... The Kanagawa Science Park (KSP), in the Kanagawa Prefecture, South of Tokyo, is described as a busy industrial region where 750 private ...

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Morphological, Electrophysiological and Behavioral Investigations of the Nervous Tissue Developed from the Embryonic Matrix Zone Cells of the Dorsolateral Walls of Lateral Ventricles, Implanted into the Lesioned Regions of the Adult Rat's Brain

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test bed (ADTT) tools technology. Glenn. Research. Center: Aircraft icing training video for regional and cor- porate pilots. Numerical propulsion ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The site characterization of Yucca Mountain, NV as a potential high level nuclear waste repository includes study of the surficial deposits as a record of the paleoenvironmental history of the Yucca Mountain region. An important aspect of this history is an understanding of the evolution of paleogeography leading to establishment of the present drainage pattern. Establishment of drainage basin evolution is needed before geomorphic response to paleoclimate and tectonics can be assessed, because a major change in drainage basin geometry can predominantly affect the sedimentary record. Because alluvial aquifers are significant to regional hydrology, a major change in surface drainage resulting in buried alluvium could have hydrogeologic significance. In this paper, we report on geologic evidence for a major modification in surface drainage pattern in the Yucca Mountain region, resulting in the probable establishment of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper reports extensive new optical and radio observations of NGC 5728, emphasizing the central regions. Deep photographs revealing detail in the faint spiral arms are briefly discussed. Broad-band UBV CCD images obtained to examine the colors of the stellar populations that comprise the bar and central ring are presented. The velocity field and emission maps obtained from imaging spectroscopic measurements in the H-alpha emission line are discussed. Conventional long-slit spectra covering the ionized gas in the nuclear region are described. Detailed maps of the radio emission in the central regions of NGC 5728 are presented. These combined data provide considerable evidence for the inflow of gas into the nuclear region, in response to the nonaxisymmetric gravitational potential of the bar. The possible relation of this phenomenon to the Seyfert nature of NGC 5728 is also considered. 48 references.

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The Ames infrared spectral database of isolated, neutral and ionized polycyclic aromatic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This experiment investigated the effects of free-stream turbulence intensity, length scale, Reynolds number, and leading-edge velocity gradient on stagnation-region heat transfer. Heat transfer was measured in the stagnation region of four models with elliptical leading edges downstream of five turbulence-generating grids. Stagnation-region heat transfer augmentation increased with decreasing length scale but an optimum scale was not found. A correlation was developed that fit heat transfer data for isotropic turbulence to within {+-}4 percent but did not predict data for anisotropic turbulence. Stagnation heat transfer augmentation caused by turbulence was unaffected by the velocity gradient. The data of other researchers compared well with the correlation. A method of predicting heat transfer downstream of the stagnation point was developed. 28 refs., 12 figs., 4 tabs.

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

and the implications for massive star evolution. In recent years, the complex nature of the circumstellar regions of evolved massive stars has become apparent. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Report) A Screening Assessment of the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Mitigation in the Great Lakes and New England Regions (Final Report)...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background:Since first reported in 1996, endoscopic minimally invasive surgery of the cervical region has been shown to be safe and effective in the treatment of benign thyroid and...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The relative risk model (RRM) was applied in regional ecological risk assessments successfully. In this study, the RRM was developed through increasing the data of risk source and introducing the source?stressor?habitat exposure filter (SSH), the endpoint?habitat exposure filter (EH) and the stressor?endpoint effect filter (SE) to reflect the meaning of exposure and effect more explicit. Water environment which include water quality, water quantity and aquatic ecosystems was selected as the ecological risk assessment endpoints. The Luanhe River Basin located in the North China was selected as model case. The results showed that there were three low risk regions, one medium risk region and two high risk regions in the Luanhe River Basin. The results also indicated habitat destruction was th...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(1976). USSR Lupin, VM Ramazanov, PE Tomskij Gosudarstvennyj Univ.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We suggest a procedure for estimating uncertainties in neutron cross sections calculated with a nuclear model descriptive of a specific mass region. It applies standard error propagation techniques, using a model-parameter covariance matrix. Generally, available codes do not generate covariance information in conjunction with their fitting algorithms. Therefore, we resort to estimating a relative covariance matrix a posteriori from a statistical examination of the scatter of elemental parameter values about the regional representation. We numerically demonstrate our method by considering an optical-statistical model analysis of a body of total and elastic scattering data for the light fission-fragment mass region. In this example, strong uncertainty correlations emerge and they conspire to reduce estimated errors to some 50% of those obtained from a naive uncorrelated summation in quadrature. 37 references.

Science.gov (United States)

... Uninterrupted access to and use of critical infrastructure in the Arabian Gulf region are key to the successful prosecution of the Global War on Terror ...

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This data layer consists of polygons representing harvest area boundaries from Timber Harvest Plans approved by the California Department of Forestry ... ...

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... lion haul-out sites for the Cook Inlet Kenai Peninsula (CIK) region. This coverage was updated from ... ...

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Iodo(/sup 14/C)antipyrine autoradiography was used to measure gastric mucosal blood flow in anesthetized rats and to study regional distribution. Blood flows of 61 +/- 8 ml.100 g-1.min-1 (means +/- SE) in corpus and 84 +/- 9 ml.100 g-1.min-1 in antral mucosa compared well with previously reported measurements by hydrogen clearance. Blood flow in the crests of corpus mucosal folds was significantly higher than in the valleys between folds, indicating that the greater susceptibility of the former areas to acute injury, documented in several studies, is not associated with a perfusion defect in the resting stomach. Corpus mucosal blood flow was also higher in the side walls of the stomach than in the greater curvature region, and in distal than in proximal locations. No systematic regional variations within antral mucosa were demonstrated.

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within the United States for the benefit of present and future generations of Americans Kenai National Wildlife Refuge. Photo Credit: USFWS/Steve Hillebrand Kenai National Wildlife...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the relationship between spiral arms and star formation in the grand-design spirals NGC 5194 and NGC 628 and in the flocculent spiral NGC 6946. Filtered maps of near-IR (3.6 #mu#m) emission allow us to identify 'arm regions' that should correspond to regions of stellar mass density enhancements. The two grand-design spirals show a clear two-armed structure, while NGC 6946 is more complex. We examine these arm and interarm regions, looking at maps that trace recent star formation-far-ultraviolet (GALEX NGS) and 24 #mu#m emission (Spitzer SINGS)-and cold gas-CO (HERACLES) and H I (THINGS). We find the star formation tracers and CO more concentrated in the spiral arms than the stellar 3.6 #mu#m flux. If we define the spiral arms as the 25% highest pixels in the filtered 3.6 #mu#m images, we find that the majority (60%) of star formation tracers occur in the interarm regions; this result ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundAmino-terminal signal peptides (SPs) are short regions that guide the targeting of secretory proteins to the correct subcellular compartments in the cell. They are cleaved...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Mar 1, 2011 ... Molar extinction coefficients of hydrogen iodide in the Schumann region. Author: De More, W. B.; Raper, O. F.. Abstract: Molar extinction ...

Science.gov (United States)

Mar 1, 2011 ... heat transfer augmentation in the stagnation region is presented. The effects of free stream turbulence and surface roughness on spanwise ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The 5'-terminal structures of human adenovirus type 2 (Ad2) early region 2 (E2) mRNA were investigated. The E2 transcription unit has several interesting properties, including the presence of a TATA-like...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Design considerations are given for the secondary side region of a vertical U-tube nuclear stream generator with an integral preheater. The thermal shield design, the novel recirculating water flow distribution scheme, the high porosity tube supports used in the parallel flow regions, and the U-bend supports are discussed for the Wolsung Plant steam generators. Experimental and analytical development programs undertaken to verify the design features are outlined.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In 2004, the Southeastern France regional council asked the regional health observatory to conduct an environmental health inventory to i) identify environmental health problems in this area; ii) examine the relations between environmental exposure to pollutants and human health; and iii) help public officials to identify priorities in this area. We collected and validated data from national, regional and local institutions, constructed environmental (levels of emissions and pollutants), health (mortality, incidence, prevalence) and behavioral indicators (e.g., complaints about odors), and compared these over time and between places when possible. For each topic, we summarized current knowledge about the links between environment and health. In southeastern France, as in other French areas, indoor air pollution, home and leisure injuries and other home-related risks are public health issues. Other topics are more ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

PuO_2 particles behaved similarly in the lungs of rat and hamster. The relative concentrations of PuO_2 up to 1-yr postexposure were 1.0 for lung parenchyma, 1.3 for subpleural areas, 0.5 for peribronchiolar regions and 0.2 for perivascular regions in the lungs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study, we investigate an inter-industrial and inter-regional recycling system for industrial waste by the cement industry in Japan. We develop a linear programming model that represents cement production processes and waste transportation of all cement factories in Japan. We simulate cost and CO{sub 2}-minimizing systems. The result implies that making waste transportation more efficient in cost is an effective means for CO{sub 2} reduction. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We describe a liquid hydrogen droplet as an optical cavity via whispering gallery modes. We show that the droplet leads to an ultrahigh-cavity-Q value of 2.5x10{sup 9} in visible region. We show also that the high-Q droplet results in a huge Raman nonlinearity, generating a stimulated Raman comb series covering whole visible region.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe) were determined in surface waters in the surroundings of the depositories of the mining shrubs in the region of Banska Stiavnica (SR) by radionuclide X-ray fluorescence analysis. Allowed concentrations of the determined metals are exceeded numerously (multiplicity in some cases was 10"3-10"6). (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to investigate the extrusion characteristics of magnesium alloy (AZ31), a computer simulation was attempted. Tensile properties of as-cast billet with different strain rates were incorporated into the simulation. The results showed a great change in distribution of stress and strain at near die region by the ram travel. It was found that the average grain size at longitudinal edge of the extruded sheet was smaller than that at center region, which might be attributed to recrystallization caused by severe plastic deformation. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neutron time-of flight spectra were measured from 90 MeV protons and 140 MeV alpha-particle bombardment of Al, Ni, Zr, and Bi at laboratory angles between 20/sup 0/ and 130/sup 0/. The proton induced neutron spectra reveal three distinct energy regions; a low energy evaporation region, a high-energy region dominated by quasi-free scattering processes and an intermediate-energy region dominated by multi-step, pre-equilibrium processes. In the latter two regions, the spectra show strong angular dependence. The alpha-induced neutron spectra show these same distinct energy regions plus an exponential fall-off above the beam energy per nucleon. The high-energy portions of the forward-angle neutron and proton cross sections are in ratios consistent with the assumption that single nucleon-nucleon scattering dominates. For heavy-mass targets, the low-energy evaporation ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Free and conjugated indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were measured by quantitative gas chromatography-selected ion monitoringmass spectrometry in the extraxylary region of the stem of large Pinus...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: DNA rearrangement events leading to chromosomal aberrations are central to ionizing radiation-induced cell death. Although DNA double-strand breaks are probably the lesion that initiates formation of chromosomal aberrations, little is understood about the molecular mechanisms that generate and modulate DNA rearrangement. Examination of the sequences that flank sites of DNA rearrangement may provide information regarding the processes and enzymes involved in rearrangement events. Accordingly, we developed a method using inverse PCR that allows the detection and sequencing of putative radiation-induced DNA rearrangements in defined regions of the human genome. The method can detect single copies of a rearrangement event that has occurred in a particular region of the genome and, therefore, DNA rearrangement detection does not require survival and continued multiplication of the affected cell. Ionizing radiation-induced DNA ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study examines the extent of radioactive pollution of moss cover of forest communities of the Kamenskii district of the Sverdlovsk region. This area contains the periphery section of the Eastern-Ural Radioactive Trace, formed as a result of the Kyshtymskii accident. Mosses do not release radionuclides for a long time, making them a biological indicator of radioactive environmental pollution and making them useful for radioecological monitoring. 14 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This monograph addresses a narrow aspect of cold regions engineering, namely the effects of cold weather on the traditional civil engineering disciplines of hydrology and hydraulics. Hydrologic and hydraulic considerations in the design, construction, and operation of civil works are very important. Many of the problems encountered in the design and construction of buildings, transportation systems, water supply facilities, waste treatment facilities, and hazardous waste disposal facilities, for example are closely tied to the characteristics of the site hydrology.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Two cellular DNA regions representing common domains for proviral DNA integration ( Mlvi -1 and Mlvi -2) have been identified in Moloney murine leukemia virus-induced rat thymic lymphomas. Cellular...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

We explored ways of doing spatial search within a relational database: (1) hierarchical triangular mesh (a tessellation of the sphere), (2) a zoned bucketing system, and (3) representing areas as disjunctive-normal form constraints. Each of these approaches has merits. They all allow efficient point-in-region queries. A relational representation for regions allows Boolean operations among them and allows quick tests for point-in-region, regions-containing-point, and region-overlap. The speed of these algorithms is much improved by a zone and multi-scale zone-pyramid scheme. The approach has the virtue that the zone mechanism works well on B-Trees native to all SQL systems and integrates naturally with current query optimizers - rather than requiring a new spatial access method and concomitant query optimizer extensions. Over the last 5 years, we have used these techniques ...

CERN Document Server

Spatially resolved studies of star forming regions show that the assumption of spherical geometry is not realistic in most cases, with a major complication posed by the gas being ionised by multiple non-centrally located stars or star clusters. We try to isolate the effects of multiple non-centrally located stars on the temperature and ionisation structure of HII regions, via the construction of 3D photoionisation models using the 3D Monte Carlo photoionisation code MOCASSIN. We find that the true temperature fluctuations due to the stellar distribution (as opposed to the large-scale temperature gradients due to other gas properties) are small in all cases and not a significant cause of error in metallicity studies. Strong emission lines from HII regions are often used to study the metallicity of star-forming regions. We compare integrated emission line spectra from our models and quantify any ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

New measurements of the spin structure functions of the proton and deuteron g{sub 1}{sup p}(x, Q{sup 2}) and g{sub 1}{sup d}(x, Q{sup 2}) in the nucleon resonance region are compared with extrapolations of target-mass-corrected next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD fits to higher energy data. Averaged over the entire resonance region (W < 2 GeV), the data and QCD fits are in good agreement in both magnitude and Q{sup 2} dependence for Q{sup 2} > 1.7 GeV{sup 2}/c{sup 2}. This ''global'' duality appears to result from cancellations among the prominent ''local'' resonance regions: in particular strong {sigma}{sub 3/2} contributions in the {Delta}(1232) region appear to be compensated by strong {sigma}{sub 1/2} contributions in the resonance region centered on 1.5 GeV. These results are encouraging for the extension ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Caspian Sea (CS) region's oil and gas potential has attracted much attention since the breakup of the Soviet Union. The nations in the CS region, namely Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, are already major energy producers, and production will increase with additional investment, technology, and the development of new export outlets. Oil and gas transportation is a crucial and contentious issue in the CS/Central Asia regions. The main objective of the present study is to investigate Turkey's natural gas (NG) pipelines and its role in the CS region. NG consumption has started in 1987 at 0.5 billion cubic meter (Bcm) and reached 16 Bcm in 2001. It is also projected that NG consumption will reach 55 and 82 Bcm annually in 2010 and 2020, respectively. Recent developments have shown once again Turkey's role on the way to demand markets from the supply points in the CS ...

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In the region of annular liquid film-mist flow, the behavior of the droplets formed from the liquid film and the rate of formation are the subjects to be clarified in connection with the forecast of dry-out point, which becomes a problem in the region of high dryness such as reactor cooling system and steam generators. Many researches have been performed on such problem in vertical tubes, but the characteristics in horizontal flow have not yet been sufficiently clarified. This series of research is to clarify various characteristics, such as the velocity of vapor phase, the flow rate distribution of droplets, the formation and adhesion of droplets and the structure of liquid film, in the region of liquid film-mist flow, where liquid film exists on the bottom of a horizontal rectangular channel, and vapor flow is accompanied by droplets. In this study, by the measurement of the flow rate distribution of droplets on ...

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In view of the situation that aging of boiler components proceeds and some `Type IV` cracking incidents are reported recently, the development of an accurate remaining life evaluation method for boiler weldment parts is an important subject for the utilities. In this study, simulated materials with coarse and fine grain microstructures in a weldment heat affected zone were produced, and their high temperature strength properties were evaluated. The strength property of the weld joint was also discussed based on the experimental and analytical results. It was found that the creep rupture strength of the fine grain material was as low as 1/2 of the base metal and as 1/5 of the coarse grain material, and the weld joint ruptured at the fine grain region in a shorter period than the base metal as the applied stress level decreased. Many grainboundary creep cavities were also observed in the fine grain region. A creep deformation analysis by FEM ...

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This report is the conclusion of a three-part series that describes and attempts to explain regional coal quality variations within the foothills/mountains region of Alberta. Proximate and ultimate analysis variables, plus some vitrinite reflectance and maceral analyses, are examined for the Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Kootenay Group, Lower Cretaceous Luscar Group, the Lower Paleocene Coalspur Formation, and the Upper Paleocene Obed-Marsh coal-bearing units. The study has two major components: a statistical analysis and mapping of coal quality data provided by the Energy Resources Conservation Board; and a 'geologic models' section, in which regional and local in-seam coal quality variations are examined from a geological perspective. The first component is designed to describe, characterize, and set limits for the coal quality variables, while the second component should provide from a geological ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Deutsche Post AG is a transport company that with approximately 55,000 vehicles owns one of the biggest fleets in Europe. Being aware of its responsibility in the field of environmental policy it is looking for an alternative solution of an environmentally friendly vehicle drive system that also takes into account economic efficiency. Extensive investigations have led to a new energy storage based on the zinc-air energy system that has been developed and manufactured by the Israeli Company Electric Fuel Ltd. First tests showed an extraordinarily high capacity potential, drive values and ranges, which had been considered as impossible until that point of time. After these tests the Deutsche Post AG decided together with other well-known partners at home and abroad to carry out a territorial test with the zinc-air energy system in order to obtain insight into the day-to-day capability, economic efficiency, environmental friendliness under real driving conditions and into the required ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Normally, the alloy NiMo28 is used in the solution annealed and quenched condition in which it has a face centred cubic matrix structure. The matrix of the material is supersaturated with molybdenum and, at temperatures above 800 C, has a tendency to form intermetallic precipitates such as the Ni{sub 4}Mo-ordered phase leading to the embrittlement of the NiMo28-ordered phase leading to the embrittlement of the NiMo28 alloy during hot working. For this reason, the aim of these investigations was to optimise the alloy by reducing its tendency to embrittle. The TEM-analyses carried out served to investigate the precipitation of the material as a function of its iron content after ageing at 700 C. The change in hardness and in the lattice constants of the NiMo28-specimens with iron content were also determined. To improve the hot working properties of this material it is recommended that the iron content be kept to about 3.2 mass % in order to reduce the tendency of the alloy to ...

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Sprayforming offers the possibility to produce a variety of preforms in a single step directly from the melt. Numerous processing parameters ensure high flexibility but require detailed knowledge concerning the microstructure of sprayformed material depending on chemical composition and processing parameters. Within the current study fundamental investigations using unalloyed and low alloy steel grades (C15, C105, 100Cr6) for sprayforming of plates and billets have been performed concerning the influence of chromium and carbon content and selected processing parameters. Sprayformed preforms revealed austenite grain sizes up to 500 {mu}m depending on the development of porosity. Different types of porosity have been detected which can be associated with incomplete densification due to high cooling rates, solidification shrinkage and entrapped nitrogen. Atomisation gas pressure and carbon content are parameters of primary importance. (Abstract Copyright [2003], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.) ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the year 1996 the spheres of competence of several DLR-Institutes working in the areas of fluid dynamics, reaction kinetics, combustion, numerical methods and laser measuring techniques have been brought together while contributing to the internal DLR project 'combustion chamber modelling (BKM)', in order to proceed with the computational simulation of combustion processes in combustion chambers of gas turbines. The main issue was the development of a research code for numerical simulation of fluid flow in real combustion chambers. Here the development of computational models of physical and chemical processes was emphasized, among other processes the formation of soot was treated. Moreover, a worldwide outstanding database of measured data for the purpose of code validation has been created within the framework of the BKM project using the laboratory facilities of the DLR, which are in Germany unique for the experimental investigation of the various processes in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Previous AIX development environment experience with ASC White and Early Delivery systems UV and UM was leveraged to provide a smooth and robust transition to the Purple development environment. Still, there were three major changes that initially caused serious problems for Purple users. The first was making 64-bit builds of executables the default instead of 32-bit. The second was requiring all executables to use large page memory. The third was the phase-out of the popular, but now defunct, third-party C++ compiler KCC, which required the migration of many codes to IBM's xlC C++ compiler. On Purple, the default build environment changed from 32-bit builds to 64-bit builds in order to enable executables to use the 4GB per processor (32GB per node) memory available, and in order for the MPI library to do collective optimizations that required the larger 64-bit address space. The 64-bit build environment was made default by setting the IBM environment ...

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The transversus perinei profundus muscle is a well known structure in found anatomical textbook. Fibres of this muscle are believed to form the so-called external urethral sphincter (musculus sphincter urethrae). Recently histomorphologic investigations have shown that there is no muscular connection between the musculus sphincter urethrae (external sphincter) and the muscle system of the pelvic floor. Furthermore, the external sphincter was found to be divided into parts: The transversely striated part (musculus sphincter urethrae transversostriatus) and the smooth part (musculus sphincter urethrae glaber). Similar to histomorphologic investigations, contrast-enhanced MR imaging has shown the musculus sphincter urethrae to be surrounded by fatty and connective tissue only. Neither in MRI nor in anatomical slices can any connection between the urethral sphincter and the muscle system of the pelvic floor be found. Thus, on the basis of the results presented in this work it is concluded ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pyrolysis and combustion of CH are investigated. In order to reduce the work required for the present combination of parameters, the following substances were selected: Hexachloroethane, hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene and hexachlorophene. The model substances were pyrolyzed or combusted in varying conditions, and the combustion or pyrolysis products were analyzed. Only the main products were of interest; trace components are important only as far as they may throw light on the reaction mechanisms. The furnace design resulted in incomplete combustion and pyrolysis reactions, so that products of all stages of combusition or pyrolysis were available for analysis. Reaction processes can be derived from the products. As an alternative to thermal treatment of refuse, biological degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons was gone into. The efficiency of decomposition by microorganisms was to be compared with the efficiency of thermal destruction of chlorohydrocarbons. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In technical combustors, flow and combustion processes inside the combustion chamber determine the design and also the safety of the plant. A modelling technique was developed at TU Dresden which comprises both numerical simulations and experimental data and thus achieves a high degree of transparency in its visualisation of the processes inside the combustion chambers under investigation. With the experience gained, numerical models of commercial simulation software (FLUENT, CFX) can be validated by measured values, and potential applications of the programs can be investigated. The first stage of experimental modelling consisted in isothermal (cold) modelling in consideration of flow-relevant similarity characteristics. In the reactive, non-isothermal models, the fuel/air ratio and temperature conditions inside the original combustion chamber were modelled as well. In order to obtain detailed data on the combustion conditions at the burner, measurements were made on a separate ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

On the basis of cylindrical roller thrust bearings it was systematically examined to what extent PVD-coatings are able to take over the function of EP/AW-additives. The bearings were tested under heavy-duty conditions in order to distinguish very fast the efficiency of different coating-substrate-systems. Several coatings were tested for their ability to protect an un-coated counterpart. So just the washers of the roller bearings were coated, the rollers stayed un-coated. Four Me-C:H-coatings showed the best performance and fulfilled the required criterion for roller bearings in the boundary friction: low loss of mass and hardly surface deviation. Material carryover from the carbonaceous coating to the 100Cr6 steel surface was developed by the Me-C:H-coatings during the tests. This mechanism was able to protect the un-coated rollers. Closer investigations were done with an ESMA analysis (electron beam micro range analysis) on ZrC{sub g}-coatings. It could be seen, that a reaction layer ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

For a wider application of GaAs single crystals for semiconductor devices a cheaper process to grow crystals with high purity and low dislocation density is required. According to todays knowledge the Czochralski method with a hot wall vessel should be the choice. The temperature of the vessel has to be 700deg C to avoid condensation of arsenic which vapourizes from the 1240deg C hot melt. Arsenic vapour is very agressive against all metals. Therefore the corrosion resistance of metals and alloys with a high melting point and also ceramics has been tested. All the alloys under investigation are corroded severely so that they have to be excluded as a material for the vessel. The metals tantalum, molybdenum and tungsten are more resistent, titanium forms initially a thick protection layer and further corrosion is greatly reduced. The ceramics investigated (TiB{sub 2}; ALN; Makor; BN) are not attacked by arsenic though they may store some arsenic. (orig./MM). [Deutsch] Fuer breitere ...

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The influence of a decarburisation process during austenitising of the through-hardenable rolling bearing steel 100Cr6 (SAE 52100) on the rim zone properties of the martensitic through-hardened material was investigated by means of material analysis and diffusion calculations. For this purpose, two specimens were prepared under defined heat treatment conditions, and the near-surface carbon distribution was determined micro-chemically by using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). In part 1 of the present work, these concentration profiles are compared with the depth variation of the micro-hardness and with the distance curves of the residual stresses and the line broadening ({l_brace}211{r_brace} {alpha}'-Fe diffraction line) both measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD). In addition, microstructure investigations were performed. In part 2, a refined kinetics model of a diffusion-controlled reaction based on the finite element method (FEM) will be applied to the decarburisation ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report completes the documentation for the research project 'High Pressure Compressor - Preliminary Design as Basis for the Development of an Efficient and Environmentally Friendly Core Engine' which was funded by the Ministry of Economics of State Brandenburg. The objective of the project is to deliver a preliminary compressor aerodynamic design as well as design studies for an efficient, weight and cost improved compressor. The increase of stage pressure ratio and improved efficiency, whilst stage and blade count is reduced, has been achieved by advanced 3D methods. Compressor stability also at off-design conditions will be retained. The mechanical design focusses on a cost and weight optimised rotor not only for a conventional bladed discs but also for Blish stages. Various options for split casings have been developed and assessed. Alternative vortex reducers based on different design options have been carried out. The results from this project will be ...

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We present the results of a comprehensive study of the temperature dependences of the quantum efficiency for ultraviolet detectors based on GaAs, GaP and 4H--SiC Schottky structures, and on Si, GaAs p-n structures. For ultraviolet detectors based on Schottky structures, the quantum efficiency increases with increasing temperature for all photon energies, even including the semiconductor intrinsic absorption region. On the other hand, for ultraviolet detectors based on p-n structures, the quantum efficiency is practically temperature independent in the semiconductor intrinsic absorption region. The change in the quantum efficiency for the GaAs and Si detectors is less than 0.01% per degree. To explain the measurements, a variable trap occupancy model is presented. Subsurface imperfections of the semiconductor cause fluctuations in the profile of the conduction band and the valence band edges. In the presence of an electric field in the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

According to ICRP 60 and European-Directive 96/29, Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) and Technical Enriched Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORM) have to take the radiation protection of the general population as well as of workers into account. The German radiation protection regulations stress that particularly. In connection with these regulations, various measurement programs have been and still are performed to investigate the relevant exposure paths. One of these programs is the determination of the intake of natural occurring radionuclides of the uranium decay series in individuals of the public, in exposed regions and houses and also at NORM workplaces by excretion analysis. Excretion analysis surveillance is one of the common tools for internal dosimetry. Sources of primordial radionuclides could be the ingestion of foodstuff and water and the incorporation of (mostly airborne) pollution on work places. The main focus in this ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A representative National Survey to evaluate the exposure to natural sources of ionizing radiation in dwellings was conducted in all the 21 Italian Regions from 1989 to 1998, and the complete results are reported in this paper. Radon concentration was measured for two consecutive 6-month periods (generally covering the spring-summer and autumn-winter seasons) in one room, usually the main bedroom, of each surveyed dwelling. Validated radon concentration measurements were obtained for a total of 5631 dwellings, distributed in 232 towns (all the 50 towns with more than 100,000 inhabitants and 182 randomly sampled smaller towns). The national average, weighted by the population of each Region, of the annual radon concentration is 70Bqm{sup -3}, the geometric mean is 52Bqm{sup -3}, and the geometric standard deviation is 2.1. The fraction of dwellings with a radon concentration exceeding the reference levels of 150, 200, 400, and 600Bqm{sup -3} are ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Results of X-ray investigations of solid normal hydrogen are presented. Temperature dependences of the lattice parameteps, molar volumes, linear and volume expansion coefficients in the 2K-Tsub(melt) temperature range are obtaiped. An essential n-H/sub 2/ expansion anisotropy in the premelting temperature region is pointed out. It is shown that the hexagonal lattice parameter ratios over the whole investigated temperature range is considerably higher than for solid parahydrogen. A considerable difference in thermal expansion of normal hydrogen and parahydrogen in the low temperature region is revealed. It is caused by contribuation of a rotational subsystem, increasing with the temperature decrease to crystal expansion. A detailed analysis of solid n-H/sub 2/ thermodynamic properties is conducted. The data testifying to the presence of isomorphous phase transformation in the solid n-H/sub 2/ in the premelting temperature ...

CERN Document Server

We present mid-infrared spectro-imagery and high-resolution spectroscopy ofthe Orion bar and of a region in the Orion nebula. These observations have beenobtained in the Guaranteed Time with the Circular Variable Filters of the ISOcamera (CAM-CVF) and with the Short Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS), on board theEuropean Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). Our data shows emission fromamorphous silicate grains from the entire HII region and around the isolatedO9.5V star Theta2 Ori A. The observed spectra can be reproduced by a mixture ofinterstellar silicate and carbon grains heated by the radiation of the hotstars present in the region. Crystalline silicates are also observed in theOrion nebula and suspected around Theta2 Ori A. They are probably ofinterstellar origin. The ionization structure and the distribution of thecarriers of the Aromatic Infrared Bands (AIBs) are briefly discussed on thebasis of the ISO observations.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A review of the experimental work performed at the GASP array with the purpose of the identification and first spectroscopic measurements of the heaviest even-even N = Z and odd-A N = Z + 1 nuclei (mass larger than 80) is made. Systematic experiments in this mass region led to the first study of seven such nuclei: "8"8Ru, "8"1Zr, "8"5Mo, "8"9Ru, "9"1Rh, "9"3Pd, and "9"5Ag, and extensive data on many other nuclei in their neighborhood. The systematic evolution of the level structures in both even-even and odd-A nuclei, between N #approx# Z #approx# 40 and N #approx# Z #approx# 47 is briefly presented. The possibility that effects of the neutron-proton pairing have been observed, as well as the type of collectivity observed in this region are discussed. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Some factors affecting the accuracy of magnitude calibration of palaeoearthquakes are discussed. The general problem is illustrated by two case studies. First, the 2003 strong earthquake in the Altai region (Russia-Mongolia border), which has generated co-seismic surface faulting is considered. An analysis is conducted to determine how accurately its magnitude could be defined after 2000 years based on surface faulting parameters, retrieved when future palaeoearthquake studies are launched. This example demonstrates that accurate evaluation of magnitude is possible if specific regional seismotectonic features are taken into account and surface faulting parameters are measured over a dense grid. Next, the Muya earthquake that occurred in the Baikal seismic region in 1957 is studied with res...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The microstructural evolution of a AZ31 Mg alloy during hot rolling has been investigated using optical microscopy and texture (macro and micro) analysis as the main characterization tools. In particular, the differences between the microstructure obtained by unidirectional rolling (UR) and cross rolling (CR) are studied. Significant twinning activity is observed in both cases. Additionally, after cross rolling, a rather heterogeneous microstructure develops, with scattered regions populated by very fine grains. The strong basal fiber texture of the as-received material remains present after both hot rolling schemes. The impossibility to obtain accurate EBSD measurements within the twinned regions suggests that significant localized deformation takes place in those areas. Thus, these regions become preferential sites for the onset of recrystallization due to the increase in the local strain energy. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In a water well sunk in the Grafschaft Bentheim region of northern Germany, small volumes of methane were emitted regularly and large volumes of methane in eruptions at irregular intervals. After some extreme gas eruptions in 2002 and 2004, the Grafschaft Bentheim district government initiated a project to investigate underground conditions in the region between Nordhorn and Bad Bentheim in order to prevent potential hazards to the locals population. The main purpose of the project was to provide information on underground mechanisms as far as possible in order to develop long-term safety strategies for freshwater supply in the region. (orig.)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

An ultrafine-grained ferrite/cementite (UGF/C) steel with a local high density of cementite particles was fabricated through caliber-warm-rolling followed by annealing and resulted in a bimodal-sized microstructure. The characteristic bimodal-sized microstructure was attributed to the original ferrite-pearlite structure and cementite spacing, and reflected the original ferrite-pearlite structure. The smaller-sized clusters corresponded to the former pearlite regions and the larger-sized clusters to the proeutectoid ferrite regions. The cementite particles naturally localized within the former pearlite region. Most of the ferrite coarsening did not occur until the cementite particle spacing reached a critical value. The UGF/C microstructure with a bimodal grain size showed a yield strength ...