Impact of Healthy Vending Machine Options in a Large Community Health Organization.

Science.gov (United States)

Grivois-Shah, Ravi; Gonzalez, Juan R; Khandekar, Shashank P; Howerter, Amy L; O'Connor, Patrick A; Edwards, Barbara A

2017-01-01

To determine whether increasing the proportion of healthier options in vending machines decreases the amount of calories, fat, sugar, and sodium vended, while maintaining total sales revenue. This study evaluated the impact of altering nutritious options to vending machines throughout the Banner Health organization by comparing vended items' sales and nutrition information over 6 months compared to the same 6 months of the previous year. Twenty-three locations including corporate and patient-care centers. Changing vending machine composition toward more nutritious options. Comparisons of monthly aggregates of sales, units vended, calories, fat, sodium, and sugar vended by site. A pre-post analysis using paired t tests comparing 6 months before implementation to the equivalent 6 months postimplementation. Significant average monthly decreases were seen for calories (16.7%, P = .002), fat (27.4%, P ≤ .0001), sodium (25.9%, P ≤ .0001), and sugar (11.8%, P = .045) vended from 2014 to 2015. Changes in revenue and units vended did not change from 2014 to 2015 ( P = .58 and P = .45, respectively). Increasing the proportion of healthier options in vending machines from 20% to 80% significantly lowered the amount of calories, sodium, fat, and sugar vended, while not reducing units vended or having a negative financial impact.

Vending machine assessment methodology. A systematic review.

Science.gov (United States)

Matthews, Melissa A; Horacek, Tanya M

2015-07-01

The nutritional quality of food and beverage products sold in vending machines has been implicated as a contributing factor to the development of an obesogenic food environment. How comprehensive, reliable, and valid are the current assessment tools for vending machines to support or refute these claims? A systematic review was conducted to summarize, compare, and evaluate the current methodologies and available tools for vending machine assessment. A total of 24 relevant research studies published between 1981 and 2013 met inclusion criteria for this review. The methodological variables reviewed in this study include assessment tool type, study location, machine accessibility, product availability, healthfulness criteria, portion size, price, product promotion, and quality of scientific practice. There were wide variations in the depth of the assessment methodologies and product healthfulness criteria utilized among the reviewed studies. Of the reviewed studies, 39% evaluated machine accessibility, 91% evaluated product availability, 96% established healthfulness criteria, 70% evaluated portion size, 48% evaluated price, 52% evaluated product promotion, and 22% evaluated the quality of scientific practice. Of all reviewed articles, 87% reached conclusions that provided insight into the healthfulness of vended products and/or vending environment. Product healthfulness criteria and complexity for snack and beverage products was also found to be variable between the reviewed studies. These findings make it difficult to compare results between studies. A universal, valid, and reliable vending machine assessment tool that is comprehensive yet user-friendly is recommended. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ken Jacobs and the Perverted Archival Image

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gonçalo Pablo

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This paper analyses two recent works by American filmmaker Ken Jacobs that deal with aspects of remediation. The first is A Tom Tom Chaser, in which Jacobs records the telecine process that transforms the classic silent film Tom, Tom, the Piper’s Son from chemical into electronic media. The film is riddled with poetic turns inviting the audience to rediscover the medial noise hidden by images. Moreover, Jacobs focuses on the moment of transition from a material medium (the film strip to the immaterial (the image, the video, so that the noise brings the viewer closer to a perception or brief capture of the medium in itself. Images are both figured and disfigured along this process. The second work is The Guests, an unconventional 3D film in which Jacobs transforms a short take from a Lumière Brothers film by discovering unseen views of the original footage. In his remediation of the 3D technology, Jacobs employs the Pulfrich effect, which allows him to blur the images of the archival film and to create instances of uncertainty between the views coming from the two human eyes. As a result of this procedure, the characters in the film seem to look directly at the audience. The analysis of both films highlights the poetry of the typical manoeuvre by which Jacobs perverts the archival medium, whereupon the viewing mode between media denaturalizes the usual media gaze (framed and representational, focusing on the moment of viewing in itself. This, as a result, favours the medium for what it is and subverts the gaze that expects something representational, discursive, perhaps story-driven.

Parental attitudes towards soft drink vending machines in high schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Hendel-Paterson, Maia; French, Simone A; Story, Mary

2004-10-01

Soft drink vending machines are available in 98% of US high schools. However, few data are available about parents' opinions regarding the availability of soft drink vending machines in schools. Six focus groups with 33 parents at three suburban high schools were conducted to describe the perspectives of parents regarding soft drink vending machines in their children's high school. Parents viewed the issue of soft drink vending machines as a matter of their children's personal choice more than as an issue of a healthful school environment. However, parents were unaware of many important details about the soft drink vending machines in their children's school, such as the number and location of machines, hours of operation, types of beverages available, or whether the school had contracts with soft drink companies. Parents need more information about the number of soft drink vending machines at their children's school, the beverages available, the revenue generated by soft drink vending machine sales, and the terms of any contracts between the school and soft drink companies.

Itinerant vending of medicines inside buses in Nigeria: vending strategies, dominant themes and medicine-related information provided.

Science.gov (United States)

Yusuff, Kazeem B; Wassi Sanni, Abd'

2011-07-01

To determine vending strategies and marketing themes employed by itinerant bus vendors, and assess the accuracy and completeness of information provided on medicines being sold in an urban setting in Nigeria. Cross-sectional study and content analysis of itinerant vending of medicines inside buses recorded with a mobile telephone on purposively selected routes in a mega city with an estimated 18 million residents in southwestern Nigeria over a 2-month period. Two coders independently assessed 192 vending episodes by 56 vendors for 147 OTC and prescription medicines. Inter-rater reliability (Gwet AC1 =0.924; p<0.0001). Fourteen thousands and four hundred potential consumers encountered 192 recorded episodes of vending of medicines inside 192 buses within the study periods. Forty-four (78•5%) of the 56 vendors were females in the 30-45 years age bracket, were mostly (75%) attired in the local 'Iro and Buba' Ankara fabric and showed laminated identity cards (97.5%) issued by the local association for 'marketers' of medicines inside buses, markets, and motor parks. Of the 14400 consumers encountered inside buses during the study period, between 6.7% and 48.3% purchased the medicines promoted. Prayers against death from road traffic accidents and diseases of physical and / or meta-physical origins were the most frequently used (76•8%) ice-breaking opening statement / strategy to gain consumers' attention. Hematinics, multi-vitamins, simple analgesic, NSAIDs and corticosteroids were the most frequently vended medicines. Consumers' enquiries were related to dosing for children (51.8%), elderly (28.6%), and pregnancy (52.7%); and contra-indications during pregnancy (8.9%). Factual medicines information such as dose, frequency, potential side effects and contra-indications were not provided in majority of vending episodes. Itinerant vending of medicines and the use of misleading and melodramatic themes to secure high consumer patronage appear considerable in Nigeria

Determining the Feasibility of Milk Vending Machines to Improve Calcium Intake Among College Students

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Laura E. Monnat

2014-10-01

Full Text Available Calcium intake declines from late adolescence to young adulthood, in part, due to decreases in accessibility to milk and dairy products. While milk vending has shown demonstrated success in secondary schools, no studies have examined whether milk vending improves calcium intake among college students. We hypothesized that milk and calcium intake would be higher among college students given access to milk vending in their dormitory (milk vending consumers compared to those lacking access in their dormitory (non-milk vending consumers. Milk vending machines were installed in two dormitories, and two dormitories having non-milk beverage vending served as comparison sites. Students completed a calcium intake questionnaire at the point of milk (n = 73 or non-milk (n = 79 beverage vending purchases. Mean total calcium intake was higher in milk vending consumers (1245 + 543 mg/d compared to non-milk vending consumers (1042 + 447 mg/d (p = 0.01. Adjusting for gender and milk vending consumer status, there was a positive association between past month milk vending purchases and daily calcium intake from milk (p < 0.001. Fifty-seven students without in-dormitory access to milk vending reported an interest in milk vending if made available. Milk vending may serve as a novel approach for improving calcium intake in college students.

Chandy, Dr Jacob

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

Elected: 1961 Section: Medicine. Chandy, Dr Jacob MBBS (Madras), FRCS (c) Council Service: 1962-70. Date of birth: 23 January 1910. Date of death: 23 June 2007. Specialization: Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Education Last known address: Paarra, Matteethra, Kottayam 686 004. YouTube; Twitter; Facebook ...

Jacob: An Educational Agent in a Virtual Environment

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van den Bosch, A.; Evers, M.J.; Nijholt, Antinus; Weigand, H.

2000-01-01

The Jacob Project involves the construction of a virtual environment where an animated human-like agent called Jacob gives instruction to the user. The project focuses on three issues: the software engineering aspects of building a virtual reality system, the integration of natural language

Irène Jacob visits CERN

CERN Document Server

CERN Bulletin

2010-01-01

French actress Irène Jacob, the daughter of physicist Maurice Jacob, visited the ATLAS and CMS control rooms on Monday 17 May together with Italian theatre actor-director Pippo Delbono, in search of inspiration for a short film. The film will be screened at the “nuit des particules” event accompanying this year’s ICHEP.   Pippo Delbono et Irène Jacob discussing their project. “La nuit des particules” (night of the particles) is an event open to the general public that is being organised for the evening of Tuesday, 27 July, to accompany the 35th International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP). ICHEP is a major highlight in every physicist’s calendar, and this year’s edition is being held in Paris from 22 to 28 July. The short film will be screened during the evening, which will include a lecture and a show at the legendary Parisian cinema Le Grand Rex, with a colossal seating capacity of 2 700 spe...

Jacob - an animated instruction agent for virtual reality

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Evers, M.J.; Nijholt, Antinus; Tan, T.; Shi, Y.; Gao, W.

2000-01-01

This paper gives an overview of the Jacob project. This project in-volves the construction of a 3D virtual environment where an animated human-like agent called Jacob gives instruction to the user. The project investigates virtual reality techniques and focuses on three issues: the software

JACOB: An Enterprise Framework for Computational Chemistry

Science.gov (United States)

Waller, Mark P; Dresselhaus, Thomas; Yang, Jack

2013-01-01

Here, we present just a collection of beans (JACOB): an integrated batch-based framework designed for the rapid development of computational chemistry applications. The framework expedites developer productivity by handling the generic infrastructure tier, and can be easily extended by user-specific scientific code. Paradigms from enterprise software engineering were rigorously applied to create a scalable, testable, secure, and robust framework. A centralized web application is used to configure and control the operation of the framework. The application-programming interface provides a set of generic tools for processing large-scale noninteractive jobs (e.g., systematic studies), or for coordinating systems integration (e.g., complex workflows). The code for the JACOB framework is open sourced and is available at: http://www.wallerlab.org/jacob. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. PMID:23553271

JACOB: an enterprise framework for computational chemistry.

Science.gov (United States)

Waller, Mark P; Dresselhaus, Thomas; Yang, Jack

2013-06-15

Here, we present just a collection of beans (JACOB): an integrated batch-based framework designed for the rapid development of computational chemistry applications. The framework expedites developer productivity by handling the generic infrastructure tier, and can be easily extended by user-specific scientific code. Paradigms from enterprise software engineering were rigorously applied to create a scalable, testable, secure, and robust framework. A centralized web application is used to configure and control the operation of the framework. The application-programming interface provides a set of generic tools for processing large-scale noninteractive jobs (e.g., systematic studies), or for coordinating systems integration (e.g., complex workflows). The code for the JACOB framework is open sourced and is available at: www.wallerlab.org/jacob. Copyright © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Health-promoting vending machines: evaluation of a pediatric hospital intervention.

Science.gov (United States)

Van Hulst, Andraea; Barnett, Tracie A; Déry, Véronique; Côté, Geneviève; Colin, Christine

2013-01-01

Taking advantage of a natural experiment made possible by the placement of health-promoting vending machines (HPVMs), we evaluated the impact of the intervention on consumers' attitudes toward and practices with vending machines in a pediatric hospital. Vending machines offering healthy snacks, meals, and beverages were developed to replace four vending machines offering the usual high-energy, low-nutrition fare. A pre- and post-intervention evaluation design was used; data were collected through exit surveys and six-week follow-up telephone surveys among potential vending machine users before (n=293) and after (n=226) placement of HPVMs. Chi-2 statistics were used to compare pre- and post-intervention participants' responses. More than 90% of pre- and post-intervention participants were satisfied with their purchase. Post-intervention participants were more likely to state that nutritional content and appropriateness of portion size were elements that influenced their purchase. Overall, post-intervention participants were more likely than pre-intervention participants to perceive as healthy the options offered by the hospital vending machines. Thirty-three percent of post-intervention participants recalled two or more sources of information integrated in the HPVM concept. No differences were found between pre- and post-intervention participants' readiness to adopt healthy diets. While the HPVM project had challenges as well as strengths, vending machines offering healthy snacks are feasible in hospital settings.

Dr Jacob van der Land, marine biologist extraordinary

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bruggen, van A.C.

2001-01-01

This contribution is an attempt to sketch the life and works of Dr Jacob van der Land, curator of worms and chief marine biologist of the National Museum of Natural History, on the occasion of his official retirement. Born in 1935, Jacob van der Land read biology at Leiden University (1958-1964),

Impact of Total Vending Machine Restrictions on US Young Adult Smoking

Science.gov (United States)

Kelly, Brian C.; Kadowaki, Joy

2016-01-01

Introduction: In an analysis of smoking using a longitudinal sample of US young adults, we extend research on tobacco vending machine restrictions beyond its prior focus on minors by examining the influence of total vending machine restrictions, which apply to adult-only facilities and represents the only remaining vending machine exemption since the enactment of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. We identify whether the passage of a restriction influences an individual’s smoking on repeated observations, and if the propensity is lower among those who live in locations with a restriction. Methods: Combining a repository of US tobacco policies at all geographic levels with the nationally-representative geocoded National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 and Census data, we use multilevel logistic regression to examine the impact of total vending machine restrictions on any past 30-day smoking and past 30-day smoking of one pack per day among young adults (ages 19–31), while accounting for other tobacco control policy, community, and individual covariates. Results: We find that total vending machine restrictions decrease any recent smoking (OR = 0.451; p vending machine restrictions on smoking a pack daily. Conclusions: Total vending machine restrictions appear to be an effective, yet highly underutilized, means of tobacco control. Implications: Past scientific inquiries examining vending machine restrictions have focused upon minor access, adolescent perceptions of availability, and subsequent smoking. The potential for total vending machine restrictions, which extend to adult-only facilities, to influence patterns of smoking among those of legal age, remains significant. Those who are subject to total vending machine restrictions for longer periods are less likely to have recently smoked, but individuals do not change their smoking behavior in response to the passage of a restriction. These restrictions do not affect heavy smokers. Such

Locking devices on cigarette vending machines: evaluation of a city ordinance.

Science.gov (United States)

Forster, J L; Hourigan, M E; Kelder, S

1992-01-01

OBJECTIVES. Policymakers, researchers, and citizens are beginning to recognize the need to limit minors' access to tobacco by restricting the sale of cigarettes through vending machines. One policy alternative that has been proposed by the tobacco industry is a requirement that vending machines be fitted with electronic locking devices. This study evaluates such a policy as enacted in St. Paul, Minn. METHODS. A random sample of vending machine locations was selected for cigarette purchase attempts conducted before implementation and at 3 and 12 months postimplementation. RESULTS. The rate of noncompliance by merchants was 34% after 3 months and 30% after 1 year. The effect of the law was to reduce the ability of a minor to purchase cigarettes from locations originally selling cigarettes through vending machines from 86% at baseline to 36% at 3 months. The purchase rate at these locations rose to 48% at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS. Our results suggest that cigarette vending machine locking devices may not be as effective as vending machine bans and require additional enforcement to ensure compliance with the law. PMID:1503160

34 CFR 395.8 - Distribution and use of income from vending machines on Federal property.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Distribution and use of income from vending machines on... use of income from vending machines on Federal property. (a) Vending machine income from vending... the basis of each prior year's operation, except that vending machine income shall not accrue to any...

Vending Machines: A Narrative Review of Factors Influencing Items Purchased.

Science.gov (United States)

Hua, Sophia V; Ickovics, Jeannette R

2016-10-01

Vending machines are a ubiquitous part of our food environments. Unfortunately, items found in vending machines tend to be processed foods and beverages high in salt, sugar, and/or fat. The purpose of this review is to describe intervention and case studies designed to promote healthier vending purchases by consumers and identify which manipulations are most effective. All studies analyzed were intervention or case studies that manipulated vending machines and analyzed sales or revenue data. This literature review is limited to studies conducted in the United States within the past 2 decades (ie, 1994 to 2015), regardless of study population or setting. Ten articles met these criteria based on a search conducted using PubMed. Study manipulations included price changes, increase in healthier items, changes to the advertisements wrapped around vending machines, and promotional signs such as a stoplight system to indicate healthfulness of items and to remind consumers to make healthy choices. Overall, seven studies had manipulations that resulted in statistically significant positive changes in purchasing behavior. Two studies used manipulations that did not influence consumer behavior, and one study was equivocal. Although there was no intervention pattern that ensured changes in purchasing, price reductions were most effective overall. Revenue from vending sales did not change substantially regardless of intervention, which will be important to foster initiation and sustainability of healthier vending. Future research should identify price changes that would balance healthier choices and revenue as well as better marketing to promote purchase of healthier items. Copyright © 2016 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Jacob: a web-based learning environment using virtual reality

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Evers, M.J.; Heemskerk, S.; Nijholt, Antinus

2001-01-01

This paper gives an overview of the Jacob project. This project involves the construction of a 3D virtual environment where an animated human-like agent called Jacob gives instruction to the user. The project investigates virtual reality techniques and focuses on three issues: the software

Present status and prospects for vending machines; Jido hanbaiki no genjo to tenbo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hirano, Y. [Fuji Denki Reiki Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Ota, T.; Iwamoto, S. [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1999-08-10

The number of automatic vending and service machines installed in Japan at the end of 1998 is about 5.5 million. The number of units per head exceeds that of USA, a pioneer in vending machines. They are now playing an indispensable role in daily living. Recent needs of vending machines have increased in social requests or problems, such as (1) strengthening of crime prevention, (2) consideration of global ecology and (3) prevention of minors from using alcoholic drinks vending machines. This paper describes the current state of marketing and future prospects for vending machines. (author)

32 CFR 1903.17 - Soliciting, vending, and debt collection.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... INTELLIGENCE AGENCY CONDUCT ON AGENCY INSTALLATIONS § 1903.17 Soliciting, vending, and debt collection. Commercial or political soliciting, vending of all kinds, displaying or distributing commercial advertising... 5 CFR parts 110 and 950 as amended and sponsored or approved by the Director of Central Intelligence...

VENDED UM-JINGIR

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Dr. Nazik E. M. Mustafa

2011-09-05

Sep 5, 2011 ... 2. Khartoum State Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 303 Khartoum, Sudan ... Um-Jingir is a fermented indigenous Sudanese food product made mainly from ... street vended Um-Jingir might have negative effects on public health. Therefore ..... McLauchlin J, Little C and BC Hobbs Hobbs' food poisoning and food.

Food labeling; calorie labeling of articles of food in vending machines. Final rule.

Science.gov (United States)

2014-12-01

To implement the vending machine food labeling provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) is establishing requirements for providing calorie declarations for food sold from certain vending machines. This final rule will ensure that calorie information is available for certain food sold from a vending machine that does not permit a prospective purchaser to examine the Nutrition Facts Panel before purchasing the article, or does not otherwise provide visible nutrition information at the point of purchase. The declaration of accurate and clear calorie information for food sold from vending machines will make calorie information available to consumers in a direct and accessible manner to enable consumers to make informed and healthful dietary choices. This final rule applies to certain food from vending machines operated by a person engaged in the business of owning or operating 20 or more vending machines. Vending machine operators not subject to the rules may elect to be subject to the Federal requirements by registering with FDA.

A comparison of the vending environment among three rural subtypes of secondary schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Kehm, Rebecca; Davey, Cynthia S; Kubik, Martha Y; Nanney, Marilyn S

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study was to further explore the rural school food environment. This study assessed trends in prevalence of vending machines and vending items within and between Minnesota schools located in 3 rural subtypes: town/rural fringe, town/rural distant, and remote rural. Generalized estimating equation models were employed to analyze data from the 2006 through 2012 School Health Profiles Principal's Surveys (Profiles). All 3 rural subtypes had a statistically significant decrease in the prevalence of low nutrient energy dense (LNED) vending items between 2006 and 2012, with the exception of sports drinks. However, different vending practices were observed between rural subtypes, with town/rural fringe schools providing more LNED vending options and experiencing less positive change over time compared to town/rural distant and remote rural schools. Differences in vending machine practices emerge when rural schools are subtyped.

Healthier snacks in school vending machines: a pilot project in four Ontario high schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Callaghan, Christine; Mandich, Gillian; He, Meizi

2010-01-01

The Healthy Vending Machine Pilot Project (HVMPP) was a public health initiative intended to create a healthier school nutrition environment by making healthier snacks available in vending machines, while maintaining a profit margin. The HVMPP was evaluated using quantitative and qualitative measures. Vending machines were stocked with healthier choices and conventional vending products at a 50:50 ratio. The HVMPP was implemented from February to May 2007 in four Ontario secondary schools in Middlesex-London, Elgin, and Oxford counties. Product sales were tracked, and focus groups were conducted to obtain students' opinions about healthy eating and vending choices. "Healthier choice" sales ranged from 14% to 17%. In all schools, vending revenues declined from 0.7% to 66%. A majority of participants had substantial knowledge of healthy eating and were in favour of healthier choices in vending machines; however, price, value, and taste were barriers that led them to purchase these products rarely. Students preferred to have "real" healthy snacks, such as yogurt, fruit, and vegetables, available in schools. Replacing 50% of vending stock with healthier snacks resulted in a decline in vending revenues. Future health programs in schools need to provide "real" healthy snacks, such as low-fat dairy products, fruits, and vegetables.

Pricing and availability intervention in vending machines at four bus garages.

Science.gov (United States)

French, Simone A; Hannan, Peter J; Harnack, Lisa J; Mitchell, Nathan R; Toomey, Traci L; Gerlach, Anne

2010-01-01

To evaluate the effects of lowering prices and increasing availability on sales of healthy foods and beverages from 33 vending machines in 4 bus garages as part of a multicomponent worksite obesity prevention intervention. Availability of healthy items was increased to 50% and prices were lowered at least 10% in the vending machines in two metropolitan bus garages for an 18-month period. Two control garages offered vending choices at usual availability and prices. Sales data were collected monthly from each of the vending machines at the four garages. Increases in availability to 50% and price reductions of an average of 31% resulted in 10% to 42% higher sales of the healthy items. Employees were mostly price responsive for snack purchases. Greater availability and lower prices on targeted food and beverage items from vending machines was associated with greater purchases of these items over an 18-month period. Efforts to promote healthful food purchases in worksite settings should incorporate these two strategies.

Syringe vending machines for injection drug users: an experiment in Marseille, France.

Science.gov (United States)

Obadia, Y; Feroni, I; Perrin, V; Vlahov, D; Moatti, J P

1999-01-01

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the usefulness of vending machines in providing injection drug users with access to sterile syringes in Marseille, France. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaires were offered to 485 injection drug users obtaining syringes from 32 pharmacies, 4 needle exchange programs, and 3 vending machines. RESULTS: Of the 343 respondents (response rate = 70.7%), 21.3% used the vending machines as their primary source of syringes. Primary users of vending machines were more likely than primary users of other sources to be younger than 30 years, to report no history of drug maintenance treatment, and to report no sharing of needles or injection paraphernalia. CONCLUSIONS: Vending machines may be an appropriate strategy for providing access to syringes for younger injection drug users, who have typically avoided needle exchange programs and pharmacies. PMID:10589315

Microbial Hazards of Street-Vended Grilled Chicken Intestine

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ma. Patricia Azanza

1998-12-01

Full Text Available Microbial hazards associated with street-vended grilled chicken intestine (isaw were studied. Grilling of isaw effected ≥89.00% decrease in the total microbial load of the sample. Cooked isaw contained about 105-106 cfu/g aerobic plate counts and 103-104 MPN/g coliform counts. Salmonella per 25 g sample was isolated from cooked isaw samples. Grilling eliminated Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes cells initially present in pre-cooked samples. Different sauces of isaw showed increasing numbers of total aerobic microorganisms and coliform during vending operations. The total plate counts and coliform counts of the sour sauce, which ranged from 103-105 cfu/g and 101 MPN/g, respectively, were observed to be lower than those found in the sweet sauce. Sources of microbial contaminants of grilled chicken isaw included the natural flora of the raw materials, contaminations from food-contact surfaces, bamboo skewers, and the hands of the food handlers. Among the critical control points identified in the street-vending operation of chicken isaw were the control of time and temperature during cooking and hold-on periods during vending operations.

31 CFR 12.3 - Sale of tobacco products in vending machines prohibited.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... RESTRICTION OF SALE AND DISTRIBUTION OF TOBACCO PRODUCTS § 12.3 Sale of tobacco products in vending machines prohibited. The sale of tobacco products in vending machines located in or around any Federal building under... 31 Money and Finance: Treasury 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sale of tobacco products in vending...

[Hygienic assessment of student's nutrition through vending machines (fast food)].

Science.gov (United States)

Karelin, A O; Pavlova, D V; Babalyan, A V

2015-01-01

The article presents the results of a research work on studying the nutrition of students through vending machines (fast food), taking into account consumer priorities of students of medical University, the features and possible consequences of their use by students. The object of study was assortment of products sold through vending machines on the territory of the First Saint-Petersburg Medical University. Net calories, content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, glycemic index, glycemic load were determined for each product. Information about the use of vending machines was obtained by questionnaires of students 2 and 4 courses of medical and dental faculties by standardized interview method. As was found, most sold through vending machines products has a high energy value, mainly due to refined carbohydrates, and was characterized by medium and high glycemic load. They have got low protein content. Most of the students (87.3%) take some products from the vending machines, mainly because of lack of time for canteen and buffets visiting. Only 4.2% students like assortment of vending machines. More than 50% students have got gastrointestinal complaints. Statistically significant relationship between time of study at the University and morbidity of gastrointestinal tract, as well as the number of students needing medical diet nutrition was found. The students who need the medical diet use fast food significantly more often (46.6% who need the medical diet and 37.7% who don't need it).

ENERGY STAR Certified Vending Machines

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — Certified models meet all ENERGY STAR requirements as listed in the Version 3.1 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Refrigerated Beverage Vending Machines that are...

Pricing and Availability Intervention in Vending Machines at Four Bus Garages

Science.gov (United States)

Hannan, Peter J; Harnack, Lisa J; Mitchell, Nathan R; Toomey, Traci L; Gerlach, Anne

2009-01-01

Objective To evaluate the effects of lowering prices and increasing availability on sales of healthy foods and beverages from 33 vending machines in four bus garages as part of a multi-component worksite obesity prevention intervention. Methods Availability of healthy items was increased to 50% and prices were lowered at least 10% in the vending machines in two metropolitan bus garages for an 18-month period. Two control garages offered vending choices at usual availability and prices. Sales data were collected monthly from each of the vending machines at the four garages. Results Increases in availability to 50% and price reductions of an average of 31% resulted in 10-42% higher sales of the healthy items. Employees were most price-responsive for snack purchases. Conclusions Greater availability and lower prices on targeted food and beverage items from vending machines was associated with greater purchases of these items over an eighteen-month period. Efforts to promote healthful food purchases in worksite settings should incorporate these two strategies. PMID:20061884

Consumer support for healthy food and drink vending machines in public places.

Science.gov (United States)

Carrad, Amy M; Louie, Jimmy Chun-Yu; Milosavljevic, Marianna; Kelly, Bridget; Flood, Victoria M

2015-08-01

To investigate the feasibility of introducing vending machines for healthier food into public places, and to examine the effectiveness of two front-of-pack labelling systems in the vending machine context. A survey was conducted with 120 students from a university and 120 employees, patients and visitors of a hospital in regional NSW, Australia. Questions explored vending machine use, attitudes towards healthier snack products and price, and the performance of front-of-pack labelling formats for vending machine products. Most participants viewed the current range of snacks and drinks as "too unhealthy" (snacks 87.5%; drinks 56.7%). Nuts and muesli bars were the most liked healthier vending machine snack. Higher proportions of participants were able to identify the healthier snack in three of the five product comparisons when products were accompanied with any type of front-of-pack label (all pvending machines. Front-of-pack label formats on vending machines may assist consumers to identify healthier products. Public settings, such as universities and hospitals, should support consumers to make healthy dietary choices by improving food environments. © 2015 Public Health Association of Australia.

Bacterial contamination of street vending food in Kumasi, Ghana ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Street vending foods are readily available sources of meals for many people but the biological safe-ty of such food is always in doubt. The aim of this study is to ascertain bacterial isolate and deter-mine total counts of bacterial species responsible for the contamination of the street vending food in Kumasi so as to determine ...

Determining the Feasibility of Milk Vending Machines to Improve Calcium Intake Among College Students

OpenAIRE

Laura E. Monnat; Angela M. Rose; Julie A. Kennel; Christopher H. Holloman; Gail L. Kaye; Carolyn W. Gunther

2014-01-01

Calcium intake declines from late adolescence to young adulthood, in part, due to decreases in accessibility to milk and dairy products. While milk vending has shown demonstrated success in secondary schools, no studies have examined whether milk vending improves calcium intake among college students. We hypothesized that milk and calcium intake would be higher among college students given access to milk vending in their dormitory (milk vending consumers) compared to those lacking access in...

Milk Vending Does Not Improve College Students' Milk and Calcium Intakes.

Science.gov (United States)

Rose, Angela M; Williams, Rachel A; Hanks, Andrew S; Kennel, Julie A; Gunther, Carolyn

2018-03-01

In the transition from adolescence to young adulthood, overall diet quality decreases, including a reduction in both dairy and calcium consumption. The objective of this pilot study was to determine the impact of milk vending on milk and calcium intakes in college students. Participants were 124 college students living in dorms at a large public university (Fall 2012). Milk vending machines were installed in two campus dorms. Before and 2 months after installation, students were surveyed about milk and calcium intakes, as well as attitudes regarding milk vending. Sales data for the newly installed machines were also collected between the pre- and posttest surveys. Students reported similar milk and calcium consumption before and after the intervention. Mean calcium intakes were lower than the recommended dietary allowance for students in either life stage group (18 years old or 19 years and older). Milk vending sales data showed that during the study period, approximately nine bottles of milk were bought each day from the two dorms combined. Results from this study suggest that milk vending alone may not be an effective strategy for preventing the commonly observed decrease in milk and calcium intakes among college students.

Dr Jacob van der Land, marine biologist extraordinary

OpenAIRE

Bruggen, van, A.C.

2001-01-01

This contribution is an attempt to sketch the life and works of Dr Jacob van der Land, curator of worms and chief marine biologist of the National Museum of Natural History, on the occasion of his official retirement. Born in 1935, Jacob van der Land read biology at Leiden University (1958-1964), where he obtained his Ph.D. in 1970 on a treatise on the Priapulida under the supervision of Prof. Dr L.D. Brongersma. In 1964 he was appointed curator of worms in the museum. Later on he took over l...

Simulation and Community-Based Instruction of Vending Machines with Time Delay.

Science.gov (United States)

Browder, Diane M.; And Others

1988-01-01

The study evaluated the use of simulated instruction on vending machine use as an adjunct to community-based instruction with two moderately retarded children. Results showed concurrent acquisition of the vending machine skills across trained and untrained sites. (Author/DB)

Socio-economic and hygiene features of street food vending in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

The objectives of the study were firstly to determine the health risks associated with street food vending, secondly to determine the opinions of street food ... such as South Africa be allowed to earn their livelihood by means of an 'easy-to-enter' business such as street food vending when hygiene standards are acceptable.

Exploring resident-empowered meetingplaces in Dutch neighbourhoods : by Jane Jacobs Walking Action-research methodology

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sanders, F.C.

2016-01-01

The ‘Jane Jacobs Walk’ organization as one of the Jane Jacobs (1916-2006) heritage initiative supported three Jane Jacobs Walks of certified Fred Sanders in the period 2011 - 2014 in Amsterdam neighbourhoods. These walks helped residents to explore resident-empowered meeting-places and activities in

Foods Sold in School Vending Machines are Associated with Overall Student Dietary Intake

Science.gov (United States)

Rovner, Alisha J.; Nansel, Tonja R.; Wang, Jing; Iannotti, Ronald J.

2010-01-01

Purpose To examine the association between foods sold in school vending machines and students’ dietary behaviors. Methods The 2005-2006 US Health Behavior in School Aged Children (HBSC) survey was administered to 6th to 10th graders and school administrators. Students’ dietary intake was estimated with a brief food frequency measure. Administrators completed questions about foods sold in vending machines. For each food intake behavior, a multilevel regression analysis modeled students (level 1) nested within schools (level 2), with the corresponding food sold in vending machines as the main predictor. Control variables included gender, grade, family affluence and school poverty. Analyses were conducted separately for 6th to 8th and 9th to 10th grades. Results Eighty-three percent of schools (152 schools, 5,930 students) had vending machines which primarily sold foods of minimal nutritional values (soft drinks, chips and sweets). In younger grades, availability of fruits/vegetables and chocolate/sweets was positively related to the corresponding food intake, with vending machine content and school poverty explaining 70.6% of between-school variation in fruit/vegetable consumption, and 71.7% in sweets consumption. In older grades, there was no significant effect of foods available in vending machines on reported consumption of those foods. Conclusions Vending machines are widely available in US public schools. In younger grades, school vending machines were related to students’ diets positively or negatively, depending on what was sold in them. Schools are in a powerful position to influence children’s diets; therefore attention to foods sold in them is necessary in order to try to improve children’s diets. PMID:21185519

ENERGY STAR Certified Vending Machines

Science.gov (United States)

Certified models meet all ENERGY STAR requirements as listed in the Version 3.0 ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Refrigerated Beverage Vending Machines that are effective as of March 1, 2013. A detailed listing of key efficiency criteria are available at

[Card-based age control mechanisms at tobacco vending machines. Effect and consequences].

Science.gov (United States)

Schneider, S; Meyer, C; Löber, S; Röhrig, S; Solle, D

2010-02-01

Until recently, 700,000 tobacco vending machines provided uncontrolled access to cigarettes for children and adolescents in Germany. On January 1, 2007, a card-based electronic locking device was attached to all tobacco vending machines to prevent the purchase of cigarettes by children and adolescents under 16. Starting in 2009, only persons older than 18 are able to buy cigarettes from tobacco vending machines. The aim of the present investigation (SToP Study: "Sources of Tobacco for Pupils" Study) was to assess changes in the number of tobacco vending machines after the introduction of these new technical devices (supplier's reaction). In addition, the ways smoking adolescents make purchases were assessed (consumer's reaction). We registered and mapped the total number of tobacco points of sale (tobacco POS) before and after the introduction of the card-based electronic locking device in two selected districts of the city of Cologne. Furthermore, pupils from local schools (response rate: 83%) were asked about their tobacco consumption and ways of purchase using a questionnaire. Results indicated that in the area investigated the total number of tobacco POSs decreased from 315 in 2005 to 277 in 2007. The rates of decrease were 48% for outdoor vending machines and 8% for indoor vending machines. Adolescents reported circumventing the card-based electronic locking devices (e.g., by using cards from older friends) and using other tobacco POSs (especially newspaper kiosks) or relying on their social network (mainly friends). The decreasing number of tobacco vending machines has not had a significant impact on cigarette acquisition by adolescent smokers as they tend to circumvent the newly introduced security measures.

Food sold in school vending machines is associated with overall student dietary intake.

Science.gov (United States)

Rovner, Alisha J; Nansel, Tonja R; Wang, Jing; Iannotti, Ronald J

2011-01-01

To examine the association between food sold in school vending machines and the dietary behaviors of students. The 2005-2006 U.S. Health Behavior in School-aged Children survey was administered to 6th to 10th graders and school administrators. Dietary intake in students was estimated with a brief food frequency measure. School administrators completed questions regarding food sold in vending machines. For each food intake behavior, a multilevel regression analysis modeled students (level 1) nested within schools (level 2), with the corresponding food sold in vending machines as the main predictor. Control variables included gender, grade, family affluence, and school poverty index. Analyses were conducted separately for 6th to 8th and 9th-10th grades. In all, 83% of the schools (152 schools; 5,930 students) had vending machines that primarily sold food of minimal nutritional values (soft drinks, chips, and sweets). In younger grades, availability of fruit and/or vegetables and chocolate and/or sweets was positively related to the corresponding food intake, with vending machine content and school poverty index providing an explanation for 70.6% of between-school variation in fruit and/or vegetable consumption and 71.7% in sweets consumption. Among the older grades, there was no significant effect of food available in vending machines on reported consumption of those food. Vending machines are widely available in public schools in the United States. In younger grades, school vending machines were either positively or negatively related to the diets of the students, depending on what was sold in them. Schools are in a powerful position to influence the diets of children; therefore, attention to the food sold at school is necessary to try to improve their diets. Copyright © 2011 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.

Drinking Water Quality of Water Vending Machines in Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor

Science.gov (United States)

Hashim, N. H.; Yusop, H. M.

2016-07-01

An increased in demand from the consumer due to their perceptions on tap water quality is identified as one of the major factor on why they are mentally prepared to pay for the price of the better quality drinking water. The thought that filtered water quality including that are commercially available in the market such as mineral and bottled drinking water and from the drinking water vending machine makes they highly confident on the level of hygiene, safety and the mineral content of this type of drinking water. This study was investigated the vended water quality from the drinking water vending machine in eight locations in Parit Raja are in terms of pH, total dissolve solids (TDS), turbidity, mineral content (chromium, arsenic, cadmium, lead and nickel), total organic carbon (TOC), pH, total colony-forming units (CFU) and total coliform. All experiments were conducted in one month duration in triplicate samples for each sampling event. The results indicated the TDS and all heavy metals in eight vended water machines in Parit Raja area were found to be below the Food Act 1983, Regulation 360C (Standard for Packaged Drinking Water and Vended water, 2012) and Malaysian Drinking Water Quality, Ministry of Health 1983. No coliform was presence in any of the vended water samples. pH was found to be slightly excess the limit provided while turbidity was found to be 45 to 95 times more higher than 0.1 NTU as required by the Malaysian Food Act Regulation. The data obtained in this study would suggest the important of routine maintenance and inspection of vended water provider in order to maintain a good quality, hygienic and safety level of vended water.

Bacteriological quality of drinks from vending machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Hunter, P. R.; Burge, S. H.

1986-01-01

A survey on the bacteriological quality of both drinking water and flavoured drinks from coin-operated vending machines is reported. Forty-four per cent of 25 drinking water samples examined contained coliforms and 84% had viable counts of greater than 1000 organisms ml at 30 degrees C. Thirty-one flavoured drinks were examined; 6% contained coliforms and 39% had total counts greater than 1000 organisms ml. It is suggested that the D.H.S.S. code of practice on coin-operated vending machines is not being followed. It is also suggested that drinking water alone should not be dispensed from such machines. PMID:3794325

School vending machine purchasing behavior: results from the 2005 YouthStyles survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Thompson, Olivia M; Yaroch, Amy L; Moser, Richard P; Finney Rutten, Lila J; Agurs-Collins, Tanya

2010-05-01

Competitive foods are often available in school vending machines. Providing youth with access to school vending machines, and thus competitive foods, is of concern, considering the continued high prevalence of childhood obesity: competitive foods tend to be energy dense and nutrient poor and can contribute to increased energy intake in children and adolescents. To evaluate the relationship between school vending machine purchasing behavior and school vending machine access and individual-level dietary characteristics, we used population-level YouthStyles 2005 survey data to compare nutrition-related policy and behavioral characteristics by the number of weekly vending machine purchases made by public school children and adolescents (N = 869). Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using age- and race/ethnicity-adjusted logistic regression models that were weighted on age and sex of child, annual household income, head of household age, and race/ethnicity of the adult in study. Data were collected in 2005 and analyzed in 2008. Compared to participants who did not purchase from a vending machine, participants who purchased >or=3 days/week were more likely to (1) have unrestricted access to a school vending machine (OR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.13-2.59); (2) consume regular soda and chocolate candy >or=1 time/day (OR = 3.21; 95% CI = 1.87-5.51 and OR = 2.71; 95% CI = 1.34-5.46, respectively); and (3) purchase pizza or fried foods from a school cafeteria >or=1 day/week (OR = 5.05; 95% CI = 3.10-8.22). Future studies are needed to establish the contribution that the school-nutrition environment makes on overall youth dietary intake behavior, paying special attention to health disparities between whites and nonwhites.

Health Promotion and Healthier Products Increase Vending Purchases: A Randomized Factorial Trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Hua, Sophia V; Kimmel, Lisa; Van Emmenes, Michael; Taherian, Rafi; Remer, Geraldine; Millman, Adam; Ickovics, Jeannette R

2017-07-01

The current food environment has a high prevalence of nutrient-sparse foods and beverages, most starkly seen in vending machine offerings. There are currently few studies that explore different interventions that might lead to healthier vending machine purchases. To examine how healthier product availability, price reductions, and/or promotional signs affect sales and revenue of snack and beverage vending machines. A 2×2×2 factorial randomized controlled trial was conducted. Students, staff, and employees on a university campus. All co-located snack and beverage vending machines (n=56, 28 snack and 28 beverage) were randomized into one of eight conditions: availability of healthier products and/or 25% price reduction for healthier items and/or promotional signs on machines. Aggregate sales and revenue data for the 5-month study period (February to June 2015) were compared with data from the same months 1 year prior. Analyses were conducted July 2015. The change in units sold and revenue between February through June 2014 and 2015. Linear regression models (main effects and interaction effects) and t test analyses were performed. The interaction between healthier product guidelines and promotional signs in snack vending machines documented increased revenue (Prevenue change. Price reductions alone had no effect, nor were there any effects for the three-way interaction of the factors. Examining top-selling products for all vending machines combined, pre- to postintervention, we found an overall shift to healthier purchasing. When healthier vending snacks are available, promotional signs are also important to ensure consumers purchase those items in greater amounts. Mitigating potential loss in profits is essential for sustainability of a healthier food environment. Copyright © 2017 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A heuristic for the inventory management of smart vending machine systems

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yang-Byung Park

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose a heuristic for the inventory management of smart vending machine systems with product substitution under the replenishment point, order-up-to level policy and to evaluate its performance.Design/methodology/approach: The heuristic is developed on the basis of the decoupled approach. An integer linear mathematical model is built to determine the number of product storage compartments and replenishment threshold for each smart vending machine in the system and the Clarke and Wright’s savings algorithm is applied to route vehicles for inventory replenishments of smart vending machines that share the same delivery days. Computational experiments are conducted on several small-size test problems to compare the proposed heuristic with the integrated optimization mathematical model with respect to system profit. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is carried out on a medium-size test problem to evaluate the effect of the customer service level on system profit using a computer simulation.Findings: The results show that the proposed heuristic yielded pretty good solutions with 5.7% error rate on average compared to the optimal solutions. The proposed heuristic took about 3 CPU minutes on average in the test problems being consisted of 10 five-product smart vending machines. It was confirmed that the system profit is significantly affected by the customer service level.Originality/value: The inventory management of smart vending machine systems is newly treated. Product substitutions are explicitly considered in the model. The proposed heuristic is effective as well as efficient. It can be easily modified for application to various retail vending settings under a vendor-managed inventory scheme with POS system.

Tay-Sachs disease in Jacob sheep.

Science.gov (United States)

Torres, Paola A; Zeng, Bai Jin; Porter, Brian F; Alroy, Joseph; Horak, Fred; Horak, Joan; Kolodny, Edwin H

2010-12-01

Autopsy studies of four Jacob sheep dying within their first 6-8 months of a progressive neurodegenerative disorder suggested the presence of a neuronal storage disease. Lysosomal enzyme studies of brain and liver from an affected animal revealed diminished activity of hexosaminidase A (Hex A) measured with an artificial substrate specific for this component of β-hexosaminidase. Absence of Hex A activity was confirmed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Brain lipid analyses demonstrated the presence of increased concentrations of G(M2)-ganglioside and asialo-G(M2)-ganglioside. The hexa cDNA of Jacob sheep was cloned and sequenced revealing an identical number of nucleotides and exons as in human HexA and 86% homology in nucleotide sequence. A missense mutation was found in the hexa cDNA of the affected sheep caused by a single nucleotide change at the end of exon 11 resulting in skipping of exon 11. Transfection of normal sheep hexa cDNA into COS1 cells and human Hex A-deficient cells led to expression of Hex S but no increase in Hex A indicating absence of cross-species dimerization of sheep Hex α-subunit with human Hex β-subunits. Using restriction site analysis, the heterozygote frequency of this mutation in Jacob sheep was determined in three geographically separate flocks to average 14%. This large naturally occurring animal model of Tay-Sachs disease is the first to offer promise as a means for trials of gene therapy applicable to human infants. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Pricing and promotion effects on low-fat vending snack purchases: the CHIPS Study.

Science.gov (United States)

French, S A; Jeffery, R W; Story, M; Breitlow, K K; Baxter, J S; Hannan, P; Snyder, M P

2001-01-01

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effects of pricing and promotion strategies on purchases of low-fat snacks from vending machines. METHODS: Low-fat snacks were added to 55 vending machines in a convenience sample of 12 secondary schools and 12 worksites. Four pricing levels (equal price, 10% reduction, 25% reduction, 50% reduction) and 3 promotional conditions (none, low-fat label, low-fat label plus promotional sign) were crossed in a Latin square design. Sales of low-fat vending snacks were measured continuously for the 12-month intervention. RESULTS: Price reductions of 10%, 25%, and 50% on low-fat snacks were associated with significant increases in low-fat snack sales; percentages of low-fat snack sales increased by 9%, 39%, and 93%, respectively. Promotional signage was independently but weakly associated with increases in low-fat snack sales. Average profits per machine were not affected by the vending interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Reducing relative prices on low-fat snacks was effective in promoting lower-fat snack purchases from vending machines in both adult and adolescent populations. PMID:11189801

Reply to Jackson, O'Keefe, and Jacobs.

Science.gov (United States)

Morley, Donald Dean

1988-01-01

Replies to Sally Jackson, Daniel O'Keefe, and Scott Jacobs' article (same issue), maintaining that randomness requirements can not be relaxed for generalizing from message samples, since systematic samples are not truly random. (MS)

Factors That Influence the Selling of Milk Through Milk Vending Machines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Hana Doležalová

2014-01-01

Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to assess the current situation in the sale of milk through vending machines in the context of the previous period of the decline in milk consumption, the transition of the Czech Republic towards the market economy, the transformation of agriculture, the entry into the EU and the concentration in the milk market and to define the basic motivational factors and barriers of the development of this distribution path. Technical problems with sales, intent to diversify milk selling and aiming the high profitability of the sale are the reasons for operating vending machines that are correlated with the share of this selling channel on producers’ total sales of milk. Vending machines are inhibited by misinformation from state authorities; other problems are weak support by media and low consumer awareness. The expectations of the operators concerning the development of the situation of the milk vending machines are rather optimistic: 36% of them expect an increase in sales, 48% expect the stagnation and only 16% expect the decrease.

41 CFR 102-74.55 - Are vending facilities authorized under the Randolph-Sheppard Act operated by permit or contract?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... vending facilities (including vending machines) on Federal property. ... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Are vending facilities....55 Are vending facilities authorized under the Randolph-Sheppard Act operated by permit or contract...

Does providing nutrition information at vending machines reduce calories per item sold?

Science.gov (United States)

Dingman, Deirdre A; Schulz, Mark R; Wyrick, David L; Bibeau, Daniel L; Gupta, Sat N

2015-02-01

In 2010, the United States (US) enacted a restaurant menu labeling law. The law also applied to vending machine companies selling food. Research suggested that providing nutrition information on menus in restaurants might reduce the number of calories purchased. We tested the effect of providing nutrition information and 'healthy' designations to consumers where vending machines were located in college residence halls. We conducted our study at one university in Southeast US (October-November 2012). We randomly assigned 18 vending machines locations (residence halls) to an intervention or control group. For the intervention we posted nutrition information, interpretive signage, and sent a promotional email to residents of the hall. For the control group we did nothing. We tracked sales over 4 weeks before and 4 weeks after we introduced the intervention. Our intervention did not change what the residents bought. We recommend additional research about providing nutrition information where vending machines are located, including testing formats used to present information.

Availability of Vending Machines and School Stores in California Schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Cisse-Egbuonye, Nafissatou; Liles, Sandy; Schmitz, Katharine E; Kassem, Nada; Irvin, Veronica L; Hovell, Melbourne F

2016-01-01

This study examined the availability of foods sold in vending machines and school stores in United States public and private schools, and associations of availability with students' food purchases and consumption. Descriptive analyses, chi-square tests, and Spearman product-moment correlations were conducted on data collected from 521 students aged 8 to 15 years recruited from orthodontic offices in California. Vending machines were more common in private schools than in public schools, whereas school stores were common in both private and public schools. The food items most commonly available in both vending machines and school stores in all schools were predominately foods of minimal nutritional value (FMNV). Participant report of availability of food items in vending machines and/or school stores was significantly correlated with (1) participant purchase of each item from those sources, except for energy drinks, milk, fruits, and vegetables; and (2) participants' friends' consumption of items at lunch, for 2 categories of FMNV (candy, cookies, or cake; soda or sports drinks). Despite the Child Nutrition and Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Reauthorization Act of 2004, FMNV were still available in schools, and may be contributing to unhealthy dietary choices and ultimately to health risks. © 2015, American School Health Association.

34 CFR 395.10 - The maintenance and replacement of vending facility equipment.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... and replacement of vending facility equipment. The State licensing agency shall maintain (or cause to... 34 Education 2 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false The maintenance and replacement of vending facility equipment. 395.10 Section 395.10 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education...

Impact of the HEALTHY study on vending machine offerings in middle schools

Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this study is to report the impact of the three-year middle school-based HEALTHY study on intervention school vending machine offerings. There were two goals for the vending machines: serve only dessert/snack foods with 200 kilocalories or less per single serving package, and eliminat...

School Vending Machine Purchasing Behavior: Results from the 2005 YouthStyles Survey

Science.gov (United States)

Thompson, Olivia M.; Yaroch, Amy L.; Moser, Richard P.; Rutten, Lila J. Finney; Agurs-Collins, Tanya

2010-01-01

Background: Competitive foods are often available in school vending machines. Providing youth with access to school vending machines, and thus competitive foods, is of concern, considering the continued high prevalence of childhood obesity: competitive foods tend to be energy dense and nutrient poor and can contribute to increased energy intake in…

Ainuke püsiv asi on muutumine / Anneliis Aunapuu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Aunapuu, Anneliis

2008-01-01

Taani audiovideotehnikat disainivast firmast Jacob Jensen Design. Jacob Jenseni (sünd. 1926) asutatud büroo loomingut tutvustab tema poeg Timothy Jacob Jensen (sünd. 1962). Eesti disaini tasemest, Jaapani disainitoodangust. Esikaanel ja lk. B3 fotod Timothy Jacob Jensenist

Electronic vending machines for dispensing rapid HIV self-testing kits: a case study.

Science.gov (United States)

Young, Sean D; Klausner, Jeffrey; Fynn, Risa; Bolan, Robert

2014-02-01

This short report evaluates the feasibility of using electronic vending machines for dispensing oral, fluid, rapid HIV self-testing kits in Los Angeles County. Feasibility criteria that needed to be addressed were defined as: (1) ability to find a manufacturer who would allow dispensing of HIV testing kits and could fit them to the dimensions of a vending machine, (2) ability to identify and address potential initial obstacles, trade-offs in choosing a machine location, and (3) ability to gain community approval for implementing this approach in a community setting. To address these issues, we contracted a vending machine company who could supply a customized, Internet-enabled machine that could dispense HIV kits and partnered with a local health center available to host the machine onsite and provide counseling to participants, if needed. Vending machines appear to be feasible technologies that can be used to distribute HIV testing kits.

Impact of the HEALTHY Study on Vending Machine Offerings in Middle Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Hartstein, Jill; Cullen, Karen W.; Virus, Amy; El Ghormli, Laure; Volpe, Stella L.; Staten, Myrlene A.; Bridgman, Jessica C.; Stadler, Diane D.; Gillis, Bonnie; McCormick, Sarah B.; Mobley, Connie C.

2011-01-01

Purpose/Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the impact of the three-year middle school-based HEALTHY study on intervention school vending machine offerings. There were two goals for the vending machines: serve only dessert/snack foods with 200 kilocalories or less per single serving package, and eliminate 100% fruit juice and…

Tema per Elgg

OpenAIRE

Morente Fernández, Sergio

2013-01-01

Desenvolupament d'un tema pel gestor de continguts Elgg: usabilitat, experiència d'usuari i "responsive". Desarrollo de un tema por el gestor de contenidos Elgg: usabilidad, experiencia de usuario y "responsive". Master thesis for the Free software program.

Acquisition, Maintenance and Generalization of Vending Machine Purchasing Skills by Moderately Handicapped Students.

Science.gov (United States)

Nietupski, John; And Others

1984-01-01

Four elementary age moderately disabled students were taught to use a picture-prompt prosthetic to make vending machine purchases. All students reached criterion on the vending machine use task, demonstrated partial generalization to untrained machines, and three Ss exhibited maintenance as much as six weeks beyond the termination of instruction.…

Alexander von Humboldt and Coenraad Jacob Temminck

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Raat, A.J.P.

1976-01-01

INTRODUCTION In the archives of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden there is a map with three letters written by Alexander von Humboldt (17691859) to the first director of the Museum, Coenraad Jacob Temminck (1778-1858). The map, the hard cover of John Gould's "Synopsis of the birds

Stedelijkheid en diversiteit : Jane Jacobs in Roombeek

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Straatman, E.G.P. (Elly)

2010-01-01

Met de vertaling van The Death and Life of Great American Cities is in Nederland een kleine Jane Jacobs-revival ontstaan met lezingen, workshops, masterclasses en een essaybundel. Jacobs’ boek kwam in de VS uit in 1961. Het was een aanval op de toenmalige praktijk van stadsplanning. Wat maakt

Nutritional value of foods sold in vending machines in a UK University: Formative, cross-sectional research to inform an environmental intervention.

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Hanla; Papadaki, Angeliki

2016-01-01

Vending machine use has been associated with low dietary quality among children but there is limited evidence on its role in food habits of University students. We aimed to examine the nutritional value of foods sold in vending machines in a UK University and conduct formative research to investigate differences in food intake and body weight by vending machine use among 137 University students. The nutrient content of snacks and beverages available at nine campus vending machines was assessed by direct observation in May 2014. Participants (mean age 22.5 years; 54% males) subsequently completed a self-administered questionnaire to assess vending machine behaviours and food intake. Self-reported weight and height were collected. Vending machine snacks were generally high in sugar, fat and saturated fat, whereas most beverages were high in sugar. Seventy three participants (53.3%) used vending machines more than once per week and 82.2% (n 60) of vending machine users used them to snack between meals. Vending machine accessibility was positively correlated with vending machine use (r = 0.209, P = 0.015). Vending machine users, compared to non-users, reported a significantly higher weekly consumption of savoury snacks (5.2 vs. 2.8, P = 0.014), fruit juice (6.5 vs. 4.3, P = 0.035), soft drinks (5.1 vs. 1.9, P = 0.006), meat products (8.3 vs. 5.6, P = 0.029) and microwave meals (2.0 vs. 1.3, P = 0.020). No between-group differences were found in body weight. Most foods available from vending machines in this UK University were of low nutritional quality. In this sample of University students, vending machine users displayed several unfavourable dietary behaviours, compared to non-users. Findings can be used to inform the development of an environmental intervention that will focus on vending machines to improve dietary behaviours in University students in the UK. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Pricing and Promotion Effects on Low-Fat Vending Snack Purchases: The CHIPS Study.

Science.gov (United States)

French, Simone A.; Jeffery, Robert W.; Story, Mary; Breitlow, Kyle K.; Baxter, Judith S.; Hannan, Peter; Snyder, M. Patricia

2001-01-01

Examined the effects of pricing and promotion strategies on purchases of low-fat snacks from vending machines set up at secondary schools and worksites in Minnesota. Analysis of sales data indicated that reducing relative prices on low-fat snacks was very effective in promoting lower-fat snack purchases from vending machines in both settings. (SM)

Corner Office Interview: Gates Foundation's Deborah Jacobs

Science.gov (United States)

Miller, Rebecca

2010-01-01

U.S. libraries gave the world a top talent when Deborah Jacobs left her transformational role as City Librarian of Seattle in 2008 to head the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's Global Libraries program, the international sibling to the U.S. Libraries program. The initiative fosters national-scale projects with grantees in transitioning countries…

Students' perspectives on promoting healthful food choices from campus vending machines: a qualitative interview study.

Science.gov (United States)

Ali, Habiba I; Jarrar, Amjad H; Abo-El-Enen, Mostafa; Al Shamsi, Mariam; Al Ashqar, Huda

2015-05-28

Increasing the healthfulness of campus food environments is an important step in promoting healthful food choices among college students. This study explored university students' suggestions on promoting healthful food choices from campus vending machines. It also examined factors influencing students' food choices from vending machines. Peer-led semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 43 undergraduate students (33 females and 10 males) recruited from students enrolled in an introductory nutrition course in a large national university in the United Arab Emirates. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and coded to generate themes using N-Vivo software. Accessibility, peer influence, and busy schedules were the main factors influencing students' food choices from campus vending machines. Participants expressed the need to improve the nutritional quality of the food items sold in the campus vending machines. Recommendations for students' nutrition educational activities included placing nutrition tips on or beside the vending machines and using active learning methods, such as competitions on nutrition knowledge. The results of this study have useful applications in improving the campus food environment and nutrition education opportunities at the university to assist students in making healthful food choices.

Antibiotic Residues in Milk from Three Popular Kenyan Milk Vending Machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Kosgey, Amos; Shitandi, Anakalo; Marion, Jason W

2018-05-01

Milk vending machines (MVMs) are growing in popularity in Kenya and worldwide. Milk vending machines dispense varying quantities of locally sourced, pasteurized milk. The Kenya Dairy Board has a regulatory framework, but surveillance is weak because of several factors. Milk vending machines' milk is not routinely screened for antibiotics, thereby increasing potential for antibiotic misuse. To investigate, a total of 80 milk samples from four commercial providers ( N = 25), street vendors ( N = 21), and three MVMs ( N = 34) were collected and screened in Eldoret, Kenya. Antibiotic residue surveillance occurred during December 2016 and January 2017 using Idexx SNAP ® tests for tetracyclines, sulfamethazine, beta-lactams, and gentamicin. Overall, 24% of MVM samples and 24% of street vendor samples were presumably positive for at least one antibiotic. No commercial samples were positive. Research into cost-effective screening methods and increased monitoring by food safety agencies are needed to uphold hazard analysis and critical control point for improving antibiotic stewardship throughout the Kenyan private dairy industry.

Street vending and informal economy: Survey data from Cali, Colombia.

Science.gov (United States)

Martinez, Lina M; Estrada, Daniela

2017-10-01

This data brief describes data collected in Cali, Colombia about the economic dynamic and socioeconomic conditions of street vendors in the city. The study was conducted between 2014 and 2016 in two populated sites in terms of formal and informal commerce in the city. We present the methodology followed in the study, location of street vending sites and type of data collected to approximate to the economic dimension of street vending. Data collected contains information about sociodemographic characteristics, life satisfaction, business operation and characteristics, income and expenses, official license for operation. This information is linked to the publication (Martinez et al., 2017) [1].

Are products sold in university vending machines nutritionally poor? A food environment audit.

Science.gov (United States)

Grech, Amanda; Hebden, Lana; Roy, Rajshri; Allman-Farinelli, Margaret

2017-04-01

(i) To audit the nutritional composition, promotion and cost of products available from vending machines available to young adults; and (ii) to examine the relationship between product availability and sales. A cross-sectional analysis of snacks and beverages available and purchased at a large urban university was conducted between March and September 2014. Sales were electronically tracked for nine months. A total of 61 vending machines were identified; 95% (n = 864) of the available snacks and 49% of beverages (n = 455) were less-healthy items. The mean (SD) nutrient value of snacks sold was: energy 1173 kJ (437.5), saturated fat 5.36 g (3.6), sodium 251 mg (219), fibre 1.56 g (1.29) and energy density 20.16 kJ/g (2.34) per portion vended. There was a strong correlation between the availability of food and beverages and purchases (R 2 = 0.98, P Vending machines market and sell less-healthy food and beverages to university students. Efforts to improve the nutritional quality are indicated and afford an opportunity to improve the diet quality of young adults, a group at risk of obesity. © 2016 Dietitians Association of Australia.

76 FR 37291 - Food Labeling; Calorie Labeling of Articles of Food in Vending Machines; Correction

Science.gov (United States)

2011-06-27

.... FDA-2011-F-0171] Food Labeling; Calorie Labeling of Articles of Food in Vending Machines; Correction... certain articles of food sold from vending machines. The document published with several errors including... FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Daniel Y. Reese, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (HFS-820), Food...

Associations between the perceived presence of vending machines and food and beverage logos in schools and adolescents' diet and weight status.

Science.gov (United States)

Minaker, Leia M; Storey, Kate E; Raine, Kim D; Spence, John C; Forbes, Laura E; Plotnikoff, Ronald C; McCargar, Linda J

2011-08-01

The increasing prevalence of obesity among youth has elicited calls for schools to become more active in promoting healthy weight. The present study examined associations between various aspects of school food environments (specifically the availability of snack- and beverage-vending machines and the presence of snack and beverage logos) and students' weight status, as well as potential influences of indices of diet and food behaviours. A cross-sectional, self-administered web-based survey. A series of multinomial logistic regressions with generalized estimating equations (GEE) were constructed to examine associations between school environment variables (i.e. the reported presence of beverage- and snack-vending machines and logos) and self-reported weight- and diet-related behaviours. Secondary schools in Alberta, Canada. A total of 4936 students from grades 7 to 10. The presence of beverage-vending machines in schools was associated with the weight status of students. The presence of snack-vending machines and logos was associated with students' frequency of consuming vended goods. The presence of snack-vending machines and logos was associated with the frequency of salty snack consumption. The reported presence of snack- and beverage-vending machines and logos in schools is related to some indices of weight status, diet and meal behaviours but not to others. The present study supported the general hypothesis that the presence of vending machines in schools may affect students' weight through increased consumption of vended goods, but notes that the frequency of 'junk' food consumption does not seem to be related to the presence of vending machines, perhaps reflecting the ubiquity of these foods in the daily lives of students.

EVALUATION WITH INADEQUATE DATA: THE IMPACT OF THE FRENCH VENDING MACHINE BAN

OpenAIRE

Capacci, Sara; Mazzocchi, Mario; Shankar, Bhavani

2012-01-01

We estimate the effects of the 2005 ban on vending machines in French schools using the 1998 and 2006 INCA nutrition surveys. These surveys contain no information on the presence of vending machines in schools attended by respondents, but the adoption of a Difference-in-Difference design, and a Regression Discontinuity Design enable us to obtain indirect estimates of the policy impact. Results are consistent and suggest that the measure has had a small but significant impact on teenager nutri...

The impact of the availability of school vending machines on eating behavior during lunch: the Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Park, Sohyun; Sappenfield, William M; Huang, Youjie; Sherry, Bettylou; Bensyl, Diana M

2010-10-01

Childhood obesity is a major public health concern and is associated with substantial morbidities. Access to less-healthy foods might facilitate dietary behaviors that contribute to obesity. However, less-healthy foods are usually available in school vending machines. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of students buying snacks or beverages from school vending machines instead of buying school lunch and predictors of this behavior. Analyses were based on the 2003 Florida Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Survey using a representative sample of 4,322 students in grades six through eight in 73 Florida public middle schools. Analyses included χ2 tests and logistic regression. The outcome measure was buying a snack or beverage from vending machines 2 or more days during the previous 5 days instead of buying lunch. The survey response rate was 72%. Eighteen percent of respondents reported purchasing a snack or beverage from a vending machine 2 or more days during the previous 5 school days instead of buying school lunch. Although healthier options were available, the most commonly purchased vending machine items were chips, pretzels/crackers, candy bars, soda, and sport drinks. More students chose snacks or beverages instead of lunch in schools where beverage vending machines were also available than did students in schools where beverage vending machines were unavailable: 19% and 7%, respectively (P≤0.05). The strongest risk factor for buying snacks or beverages from vending machines instead of buying school lunch was availability of beverage vending machines in schools (adjusted odds ratio=3.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.2 to 5.7). Other statistically significant risk factors were smoking, non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity, Hispanic ethnicity, and older age. Although healthier choices were available, the most common choices were the less-healthy foods. Schools should consider developing policies to reduce the availability of less-healthy choices

A Mixed Message: The School Vending Machine.

Science.gov (United States)

Hinkle, Margaret Murray

1982-01-01

Dental disease, especially tooth decay, is reaching epidemic proportions among children of school age. Since sugar is a major cause of tooth decay and since many confections are sold in schools, it is recommended that schools remove confections and other nonnutritional food items from vending machines, fund-raising activities, and food services.…

41 CFR 102-74.75 - May Federal agencies sell tobacco products in vending machines in Government-owned and leased space?

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... sell tobacco products in vending machines in Government-owned and leased space? 102-74.75 Section 102... Services § 102-74.75 May Federal agencies sell tobacco products in vending machines in Government-owned and leased space? No. Section 636 of Public Law 104-52 prohibits the sale of tobacco products in vending...

The effects of single instance, multiple instance, and general case training on generalized vending machine use by moderately and severely handicapped students.

OpenAIRE

Sprague, J R; Horner, R H

1984-01-01

This report provides an experimental analysis of generalized vending machine use by six moderately or severely retarded high school students. Dependent variables were training trials to criterion and performance on 10 nontrained "generalization" vending machines. A multiple-baseline design across subjects was used to compare three strategies for teaching generalized vending machine use. Training occurred with (a) a single vending machine, (b) three similar machines, or (c) three machines that...

Promoting the purchase of low-calorie foods from school vending machines: A cluster-randomized controlled study

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kocken, P.L.; Eeuwijk, J.; Kesten, N.M.C. van; Dusseldorp, E.; Buijs, G.; Bassa-Dafesh, Z.; Snel, J.

2012-01-01

BACKGROUND: Vending machines account for food sales and revenue in schools. We examined 3 strategies for promoting the sale of lower-calorie food products from vending machines in high schools in the Netherlands. METHODS: A school-based randomized controlled trial was conducted in 13 experimental

Variation in access to sugar-sweetened beverages in vending machines across rural, town and urban high schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Adachi-Mejia, A M; Longacre, M R; Skatrud-Mickelson, M; Li, Z; Purvis, L A; Titus, L J; Beach, M L; Dalton, M A

2013-05-01

The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans include reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. Among the many possible routes of access for youth, school vending machines provide ready availability of sugar-sweetened beverages. The purpose of this study was to determine variation in high school student access to sugar-sweetened beverages through vending machines by geographic location - urban, town or rural - and to offer an approach for analysing school vending machine content. Cross-sectional observational study. Between October 2007 and May 2008, trained coders recorded beverage vending machine content and machine-front advertising in 113 machines across 26 schools in New Hampshire and Vermont, USA. Compared with town schools, urban schools were significantly less likely to offer sugar-sweetened beverages (P = 0.002). Rural schools also offered more sugar-sweetened beverages than urban schools, but this difference was not significant. Advertisements for sugar-sweetened beverages were highly prevalent in town schools. High school students have ready access to sugar-sweetened beverages through their school vending machines. Town schools offer the highest risk of exposure; school vending machines located in towns offer up to twice as much access to sugar-sweetened beverages in both content and advertising compared with urban locations. Variation by geographic region suggests that healthier environments are possible and some schools can lead as inspirational role models. Copyright © 2013 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Vending Machine Policies and Practices in Delaware

Science.gov (United States)

Gemmill, Erin; Cotugna, Nancy

2005-01-01

Overweight has reached alarming proportions among America's youth. Although the cause of the rise in overweight rates in children and adolescents is certainly the result of the interaction of a variety of factors, the presence of vending machines in schools is one issue that has recently come to the forefront. Many states have passed or proposed…

Joseph Jacobs: Apprentice to Crawford W. Long in Athens, GA; Pharmacist and Retailer of Soda Fountain Beverages in Atlanta, GA.

Science.gov (United States)

Haridas, Rajesh P

2018-01-01

In the 1870s, Joseph Jacobs was employed as an apprentice in the Longs and Billups pharmacy in Athens, GA. Jacobs later established a chain of pharmacies in Atlanta, GA. Coca-Cola was first sold to the public on May 8, 1886, at Jacobs' Pharmacy in the Five Points district of Atlanta, GA. The soda fountain in Jacobs' Pharmacy was owned by Willis E. Venable, who was related to James M. Venable, the first patient etherized by Crawford Long in Jefferson, GA. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Promoting the purchase of low-calorie foods from school vending machines: a cluster-randomized controlled study.

Science.gov (United States)

Kocken, Paul L; Eeuwijk, Jennifer; Van Kesteren, Nicole M C; Dusseldorp, Elise; Buijs, Goof; Bassa-Dafesh, Zeina; Snel, Jeltje

2012-03-01

Vending machines account for food sales and revenue in schools. We examined 3 strategies for promoting the sale of lower-calorie food products from vending machines in high schools in the Netherlands. A school-based randomized controlled trial was conducted in 13 experimental schools and 15 control schools. Three strategies were tested within each experimental school: increasing the availability of lower-calorie products in vending machines, labeling products, and reducing the price of lower-calorie products. The experimental schools introduced the strategies in 3 consecutive phases, with phase 3 incorporating all 3 strategies. The control schools remained the same. The sales volumes from the vending machines were registered. Products were grouped into (1) extra foods containing empty calories, for example, candies and potato chips, (2) nutrient-rich basic foods, and (3) beverages. They were also divided into favorable, moderately unfavorable, and unfavorable products. Total sales volumes for experimental and control schools did not differ significantly for the extra and beverage products. Proportionally, the higher availability of lower-calorie extra products in the experimental schools led to higher sales of moderately unfavorable extra products than in the control schools, and to higher sales of favorable extra products in experimental schools where students have to stay during breaks. Together, availability, labeling, and price reduction raised the proportional sales of favorable beverages. Results indicate that when the availability of lower-calorie foods is increased and is also combined with labeling and reduced prices, students make healthier choices without buying more or fewer products from school vending machines. Changes to school vending machines help to create a healthy school environment. © 2012, American School Health Association.

Vending Machines of Food and Beverages and Nutritional Profile of their Products at Schools in Madrid, Spain, 2014-2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Monroy-Parada, Doris Xiomara; Ángeles Moya, María; José Bosqued, María; López, Lázaro; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando; Royo-Bordonada, Miguel Ángel

2016-06-09

Policies restricting access to sugary drinks and unhealthy foods in the school environment are associated with healthier consumption patterns. In 2010, Spain approved a Consensus Document regarding Food at Schools with nutritional criteria to improve the nutritional profile of foods and drinks served at schools. The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of food and drink vending machines at secondary schools in Madrid, the products offered at them and their nutritional profile. Cross-sectional study of a random sample of 330 secondary schools in Madrid in 2014-2015. The characteristics of the schools and the existence of vending machines were recorded through the internet and by telephone interview. The products offered in a representative sample of 6 vending machines were identified by in situ inspection, and its nutritional composition was taken from its labeling. Finally, the nutritional profile of each product was analyzed with the United Kingdom profile model, which classifies products as healthy and less healthy. The prevalence of vending machines was 17.3%. Among the products offered, 80.5% were less healthy food and drinks (high in energy, fat or sugar and poor in nutrients) and 10.5% were healthy products. Vending machines are common at secondary schools in Madrid. Most products are vending machines are still less healthy.

State sales tax rates for soft drinks and snacks sold through grocery stores and vending machines, 2007.

Science.gov (United States)

Chriqui, Jamie F; Eidson, Shelby S; Bates, Hannalori; Kowalczyk, Shelly; Chaloupka, Frank J

2008-07-01

Junk food consumption is associated with rising obesity rates in the United States. While a "junk food" specific tax is a potential public health intervention, a majority of states already impose sales taxes on certain junk food and soft drinks. This study reviews the state sales tax variance for soft drinks and selected snack products sold through grocery stores and vending machines as of January 2007. Sales taxes vary by state, intended retail location (grocery store vs. vending machine), and product. Vended snacks and soft drinks are taxed at a higher rate than grocery items and other food products, generally, indicative of a "disfavored" tax status attributed to vended items. Soft drinks, candy, and gum are taxed at higher rates than are other items examined. Similar tax schemes in other countries and the potential implications of these findings relative to the relationship between price and consumption are discussed.

Sweet and salty. An assessment of the snacks and beverages sold in vending machines on US post-secondary institution campuses.

Science.gov (United States)

Byrd-Bredbenner, Carol; Johnson, Michelle; Quick, Virginia M; Walsh, Jennifer; Greene, Geoffrey W; Hoerr, Sharon; Colby, Sarah M; Kattelmann, Kendra K; Phillips, Beatrice W; Kidd, Tandalayo; Horacek, Tanya M

2012-06-01

This study assessed the nutritional quality of snacks and beverages sold in vending machines. The contents of snack and beverage vending machines in 78 buildings on 11 US post-secondary education campuses were surveyed. Of the 2607 snack machine slots surveyed, the most common snacks vended were salty snacks (e.g., chips, pretzels) and sweets (i.e., candy and candy bars). The 1650 beverage machine slots assessed contained twice as many sugar-sweetened beverages as non-calorie-containing beverages. Only two institutions sold both milk and 100% juice in vending machines. The portion of snacks and beverages sold averaged more than 200 cal. Neither snacks nor beverages were nutrient dense. The majority of snacks were low in fiber and high in calories and fat and almost half were high in sugar. Most beverages were high in calories and sugar. This study's findings suggest that vending machines provide limited healthful choices. Findings from benchmark assessments of components of the food environment, like the vending options reported here, can provide valuable input to campus administrators, health services, food service, and students who want to establish campus policies to promote healthful eating. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Promoting the Purchase of Low-Calorie Foods from School Vending Machines: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Study

Science.gov (United States)

Kocken, Paul L.; Eeuwijk, Jennifer; van Kesteren, Nicole M.C.; Dusseldorp, Elise; Buijs, Goof; Bassa-Dafesh, Zeina; Snel, Jeltje

2012-01-01

Background: Vending machines account for food sales and revenue in schools. We examined 3 strategies for promoting the sale of lower-calorie food products from vending machines in high schools in the Netherlands. Methods: A school-based randomized controlled trial was conducted in 13 experimental schools and 15 control schools. Three strategies…

Bernard Schutz : "Fundamental physics looks forwards Space"; symposium in honour of Maurice Jacob on 27 March 1998

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Guiraud

1998-01-01

On the occasion of the 65th birthday of Maurice Jacob, his friends are organizing, together with CERN, a symposium presenting some of the scientific fields to which Maurice Jacob has made decisive contributions during his career or in which he has a

Applications of the time-naught term in the Cooper and Jacob (1946) equation.

Science.gov (United States)

Edwards, David A

2012-01-01

The ability to manipulate analytical expressions for aquifer drawdown can provide insights into groundwater flow processes and assist with assessing strengths and weaknesses of aquifer parameter estimation methods. In the Cooper and Jacob (1946) parameter estimation method, the antilog of the horizontal-axis intercept in a plot of drawdown vs. log(time) is referred to as time naught (t(0)), which is used for estimating storativity. This article briefly reviews traditional uses of the time-naught concept and then spends time introducing new insights and applications involving (1) time-naught/distance relationships, including ways to compensate for certain missing data; (2) use of time naught in a simple method providing a quick visual check of which data in a Cooper-Jacob plot are suitable for use in linear regression; (3) application of time naught, as determined for one well, in estimating the later minimum time for which data from a distant well can be used in the Cooper-Jacob method; (4) development of relationships between drawdown and time naught; (5) use of time naught in a simple algebraic equation to estimate drawdown at smaller times than feasible using the Cooper-Jacob method; and (6) employment of time naught and a vertical-axis intercept on a plot of drawdown vs. log(time) for evaluating storativity. This information may be useful to new hydrogeologists or others interested in further developing their analytical well hydraulics skills. © 2011, The Author(s). Ground Water © 2011, National Ground Water Association.

School vending machine use and fast-food restaurant use are associated with sugar-sweetened beverage intake in youth.

Science.gov (United States)

Wiecha, Jean L; Finkelstein, Daniel; Troped, Philip J; Fragala, Maren; Peterson, Karen E

2006-10-01

To examine associations between use of school vending machines and fast-food restaurants and youth intake of sugar-sweetened beverages. A cross-sectional observational study. From a group randomized obesity intervention, we analyzed baseline data from 1,474 students in 10 Massachusetts middle schools with vending machines that sold soda and/or other sweetened drinks. Daily sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (regular soda, fruit drinks, and iced tea), purchases from school vending machines, and visits to fast-food restaurants in the preceding 7 days were estimated by self-report. Chi(2) and nonparametric tests were performed on unadjusted data; multivariable models adjusted for sex, grade, body mass index, and race/ethnicity, and accounted for clustering within schools. Among 646 students who reported using school vending machines, 456 (71%) reported purchasing sugar-sweetened beverages. Overall, 977 students (66%) reported eating at a fast-food restaurant. Sugar-sweetened beverage intakes averaged 1.2 servings per day. In adjusted models, relative to no vending machine purchases, servings per day increased by 0.21 for one to three purchases per week (P=0.0057), and 0.71 with four or more purchases (Pvending machines, more report buying sugar-sweetened beverages than any other product category examined. Both school vending machine and fast-food restaurant use are associated with overall sugar-sweetened beverage intake. Reduction in added dietary sugars may be attainable by reducing use of these sources or changing product availability.

Errant life, molecular biology, and biopower: Canguilhem, Jacob, and Foucault.

Science.gov (United States)

Talcott, Samuel

2014-01-01

This paper considers the theoretical circumstances that urged Michel Foucault to analyse modern societies in terms of biopower. Georges Canguilhem's account of the relations between science and the living forms an essential starting point for Foucault's own later explorations, though the challenges posed by the molecular revolution in biology and François Jacob's history of it allowed Foucault to extend and transform Canguilhem's philosophy of error. Using archival research into his 1955-1956 course on "Science and Error," I show that, for Canguilhem, it is inauthentic to treat a living being as an error, even if living things are capable of making errors in the domain of knowledge. The emergent molecular biology in the 1960s posed a grave challenge, however, since it suggested that individuals could indeed be errors of genetic reproduction. The paper discusses how Canguilhem and Foucault each responded to this by examining, among other texts, their respective reviews of Jacob's The Logic of the Living. For Canguilhem this was an opportunity to reaffirm the creativity of life in the living individual, which is not a thing to be evaluated, but the source of values. For Foucault, drawing on Jacob's work, this was the opportunity to develop a transformed account of valuation by posing biopower as the DNA of society. Despite their disagreements, the paper examines these three authors as different iterations of a historical epistemology attuned to errancy, error, and experimentation.

Hygienic and other aspects of raw milk vending machines

OpenAIRE

DANIEL, Radovan

2011-01-01

The aim of this work was to evaluate opportunities of raw milk sales. The questionnaire was submitted to respondents, which assessed the direct sale of milk, consumption, awareness about milk quality connecting with the sales of raw milk using a vending machines.

The effects of a nutrition education intervention on vending machine sales on a university campus.

Science.gov (United States)

Brown, Mary V; Flint, Matthew; Fuqua, James

2014-01-01

To determine the effects of a nutrition information intervention on the vending machine purchases on a college campus. Five high-use vending machines were selected for the intervention, which was conducted in the fall of 2011. Baseline sales data were collected in the 5 machines prior to the intervention. At the time of the intervention, color-coded stickers were placed near each item selection to identify less healthy (red), moderately healthy (yellow), and more healthy (green) snack items. Sales data were collected during the 2-week intervention. Purchases of red- and yellow-stickered foods were reduced in most of the machines; moreover, sales of the green-stickered items increased in all of the machines. The increased purchases of healthier snack options demonstrate encouraging patterns that support more nutritious and healthy alternatives in vending machines.

Effects of promotional materials on vending sales of low-fat items in teachers' lounges.

Science.gov (United States)

Fiske, Amy; Cullen, Karen Weber

2004-01-01

This study examined the impact of an environmental intervention in the form of promotional materials and increased availability of low-fat items on vending machine sales. Ten vending machines were selected and randomly assigned to one of three conditions: control, or one of two experimental conditions. Vending machines in the two intervention conditions received three additional low-fat selections. Low-fat items were promoted at two levels: labels (intervention I), and labels plus signs (intervention II). The number of individual items sold and the total revenue generated was recorded weekly for each machine for 4 weeks. Use of promotional materials resulted in a small, but not significant, increase in the number of low-fat items sold, although machine sales were not significantly impacted by the change in product selection. Results of this study, although not statistically significant, suggest that environmental change may be a realistic means of positively influencing consumer behavior.

Evaluating the Potential Health and Revenue Outcomes of a 100% Healthy Vending Machine Nutrition Policy at a Large Agency in Los Angeles County, 2013-2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Wickramasekaran, Ranjana N; Robles, Brenda; Dewey, George; Kuo, Tony

Healthy vending machine policies are viewed as a promising strategy for combating the growing obesity epidemic in the United States. Few studies have evaluated the short- and intermediate-term outcomes of healthy vending policies, especially for interventions that require 100% healthy products to be stocked. To evaluate the potential impact of a 100% healthy vending machine nutrition policy. The vendor's quarterly revenue, product sales records, and nutritional information data from 359 unique vending machines were used to conduct a baseline and follow-up policy analysis. County of Los Angeles facilities, 2013-2015. Vending machines in facilities located across Los Angeles County. A healthy vending machine policy executed in 2013 that required 100% of all products sold in contracted machines meet specified nutrition standards. Policy adherence; average number of calories, sugar, and sodium in food products sold; revenue change. Policy adherence increased for snacks and beverages sold by the vending machines by 89% and 98%, respectively. Average snack and beverage revenues decreased by 37% and 34%, respectively, during the sampled period. Although a 100% healthy vending policy represents a promising strategy for encouraging purchases of healthier foods, steps should be taken to counteract potential revenue changes when planning its implementation.

Council-supported condom vending machines: are they acceptable to rural communities?

Science.gov (United States)

Tomnay, Jane E; Hatch, Beth

2013-11-01

Twenty-four hour access to condoms for young people living in rural Victoria is problematic for many reasons, including the fact that condom vending machines are often located in venues and places they cannot access. We partnered with three rural councils to install condom vending machines in locations that provided improved access to condoms for local young people. Councils regularly checked the machines, refilled the condoms and retrieved the money. They also managed the maintenance of the machine and provided monthly data. In total, 1153 condoms were purchased over 12 months, with 924 (80%) obtained from male toilets and 69% (801 out of 1153) purchased in the second half of the study. Revenue of $2626.10 (AUD) was generated and no negative feedback from residents was received by any council nor was there any negative reporting by local media. Vandalism, tampering or damage occurred at all sites; however, only two significant episodes of damage required a machine to be sent away for repairs. Condom vending machines installed in rural towns in north-east Victoria are accessible to young people after business hours, are cost-effective for councils and have not generated any complaints from residents. The machines have not suffered unrepairable damage and were used more frequently as the study progressed.

Bacteria associated with street vended foods: implications to food ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Street vended foods were analysed for the bacterial load and the presence of pathogenic and/or potentially pathogenic bacteria. The foods were collected randomly from ambulatory and stationary vendors and analysed individually and then categorized as meats, salads and carbohydrates. The microbial analysis indicated ...

`Indoor` series vending machines; `Indoor` series jido hanbaiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gensui, T.; Kida, A. [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Okumura, H. [Fuji Denki Reiki Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-07-10

This paper introduces three series of vending machines that were designed to match the interior of an office building. The three series are vending machines for cups, paper packs, cans, and tobacco. Among the three series, `Interior` series has a symmetric design that was coated in a grain pattern. The inside of the `Interior` series is coated by laser satin to ensure a sense of superior quality and a refined style. The push-button used for product selection is hot-stamped on the plastic surface to ensure the hair-line luster. `Interior Phase II` series has a bay window design with a sense of superior quality and lightness. The inside of the `Interior Phase II` series is coated by laser satin. `Interior 21` series is integrated with the wall except the sales operation panel. The upper and lower dress panels can be detached and attached. The door lock is a wire-type structure with high operativity. The operation block is coated by titanium color. The dimensions of three series are standardized. 6 figs., 1 tab.

Cup-mixing type cup vending machines; Cup mixing shiki cup jido hanbaiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishiwaki, S.; Nagasaki, T.; Hori, S. [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-07-10

This paper introduces the newly developed cup-mixing type cup vending machines. In the vending machines, the powder material for each beverage is stored, and the powder material delivered to a cup is carried to the cooking block by the carrier mechanism and cooked and mixed using a propeller mixer after hot and cold water are put. These vending machines meet the needs to the diversified and quality taste. The ejection port of products was also improved, and the door was designed to be higher in grade. The main block of structure is described next. The cup carrier mechanism consists of X, Y, and Z axes, and a hand. The cup is positioned by the control of a stepping motor. The number of propeller rotations in the propeller mechanism can be set to nine levels. The mixing position can also be set freely. In the temporary material reservation mechanism, the stored material is temporarily reserved until a cup is carried. The ejection port door of a cup is opened or closed automatically. The control block that drives the cup carrier mechanism is connected with the host unit by serial communication. 9 figs., 1 tab.

Stedelijkheid en diversiteit: Jane Jacobs in Roombeek

OpenAIRE

Straatman, E.G.P. (Elly)

2010-01-01

Met de vertaling van The Death and Life of Great American Cities is in Nederland een kleine Jane Jacobs-revival ontstaan met lezingen, workshops, masterclasses en een essaybundel. Jacobs’ boek kwam in de VS uit in 1961. Het was een aanval op de toenmalige praktijk van stadsplanning. Wat maakt het boek anno 2010 nog actueel? Elly Straatman gaat in deze bijdrage in op Jacobs’ visie op vitale stadsbuurten en generatoren van stedelijkheid. Ze bekijkt hoe in de Enschedese wijk Roombeek...

Listeria spp. in Street-Vended Ready-to-Eat Foods

Science.gov (United States)

El-Shenawy, Moustafa; El-Shenawy, Mohamed; Mañes, Jordi; Soriano, Jose M.

2011-01-01

Street-vended ready-to-eat food sold in Egypt, including sandwiches and dishes of traditional food, was examined for the presence of Listeria species. Out of 576 samples, 24% were found to contain Listeria species. L. monocytogenes and L. innocua were isolated from 57% and 39% of the contaminated samples, respectively. Other Listeria spp. were detected with lower frequency. L. monocytogenes of ≥103 CFU/g were detected in 7% of the total examined samples, which represent 49% of the contaminated food samples (meat, poultry, seafood, dairy products, and products of plant origin). Most of the samples contaminated by L. monocytogenes had high levels of total viable bacterial counts. The results obtained may help to clarify the epidemiology of listeriosis in the country and draw the attention of the decision makers to issue hygienic regulations for food processing industries as well as street vendors in order to ensure safe street-vended ready-to-eat food. PMID:22194742

Listeria spp. in Street-Vended Ready-to-Eat Foods

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Moustafa El-Shenawy

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Street-vended ready-to-eat food sold in Egypt, including sandwiches and dishes of traditional food, was examined for the presence of Listeria species. Out of 576 samples, 24% were found to contain Listeria species. L. monocytogenes and L. innocua were isolated from 57% and 39% of the contaminated samples, respectively. Other Listeria spp. were detected with lower frequency. L. monocytogenes of ≥103 CFU/g were detected in 7% of the total examined samples, which represent 49% of the contaminated food samples (meat, poultry, seafood, dairy products, and products of plant origin. Most of the samples contaminated by L. monocytogenes had high levels of total viable bacterial counts. The results obtained may help to clarify the epidemiology of listeriosis in the country and draw the attention of the decision makers to issue hygienic regulations for food processing industries as well as street vendors in order to ensure safe street-vended ready-to-eat food.

Extensive cortical damage in a case of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease: clinicoradiological correlations

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bergui, M.; Bradac, G.B. [Neuroradiology, Ospedale S. G. Battista, University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Torino (Italy); Rossi, G. [Neuropathology Department, Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano (Italy); Orsi, L. [Neurology, Ospedale S. G. Battista, University of Torino, Via Cherasco 15, 10126, Torino (Italy)

2003-05-01

MRI demonstrated extensive cortical involvement in a patient with pathologically proven Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease. The whole brain was atrophic; some of the supratentorial cortex, putamen and caudate nucleus gave high signal on T2-weighted images; the changes were more extensive on diffusion-weighted images (DWI). Comparison of the history, and the sites of atrophy and signal change suggested that the latter predominates in regions with long-lasting damage and prevalent gliosis, while high signal on DWI indicate current neuronal loss. This case widens the range of MRI findings in patients with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, and suggests that some information about the progression of the disease can be extracted from single MRI study. (orig.)

The effect of social demographic factors, snack consumption and vending machine use on oral health of children living in London.

Science.gov (United States)

Maliderou, M; Reeves, S; Noble, C

2006-10-07

To investigate the effect of socio-economic status, sugar, snack consumption and vending machine use on the prevalence and severity of caries (DMF) in children. An observational study was carried out in a dental practice in inner city London. Sixty children were asked to complete a questionnaire and a three day food and drink diary. After a dental examination the number of decayed (D), missing (M) or filled (F) teeth provided a DMF score. Anova and Pearsons correlations were used to analyse the data statistically. Children from social groups I and II consumed significantly less (P vending machine less often than children from other social groups. Children from Social groups I, II and III had significantly lower DMF scores. The average DMF from social group I children was 0.5 +/- 0.6, whilst group IV children had the greatest incidence and a DMF of 4.6 +/- 0.8. Significant correlations were identified between DMF and sugar, confectionery and crisp consumption and vending machine use, and a negative correlation between DMF and vegetable consumption. Socio-economic status and access to vending machines were found to have a significant effect on sugar intakes, foods choices, and dental health. The removal of vending machines from schools or at least installing 'healthy' vending machines is recommended. Health promotion programmes that account for social groups and snacking habits that are cost effective are required.

Evaluation of Community-Based Policy, Systems, and Environment Interventions Targeting the Vending Machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Garcia, Kristen M; Garney, Whitney R; Primm, Kristin M; McLeroy, Kenneth R

The American Heart Association conducted policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) focused interventions to increase healthy vending in 8 communities. PSE interventions were assessed using the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey Vending Assessment to see changes in the food environment. Baseline and follow-up assessments were conducted with 3 settings and a total of 19 machines. PSE changes resulted in increased availability of healthy options and decreased unhealthy options. Implementation of PSE interventions targeting the food environment can be an effective method of providing increased access to healthy foods and beverages with the goal of increasing consumption to decrease chronic diseases.

Eerst de waarheid, dan de vrede. Jacob Revius 1586-1658

NARCIS (Netherlands)

de Bruijn, H.A.

2012-01-01

This biography concentrates on the life, poetry and world view of the Dutch poet and theologian Jacob Revius (1586-1658). Revius was one of the most prominent Reformed opinion leaders in the seventeenth-century Dutch Republic, who lived through a period of revolutionary changes in science, religion

'Den danske model' som tema

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Caraker, Emmett; Juul, Ida; Klindt, Mads Peter

2012-01-01

Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv vol. 14, nr. 2, 5-8. Tema: 'Den danske model'. Redigeret af Emmett Caraker, Ida Juul, Mads peter Klindt & Jens Lind. 2011. København. 128 s.......Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv vol. 14, nr. 2, 5-8. Tema: 'Den danske model'. Redigeret af Emmett Caraker, Ida Juul, Mads peter Klindt & Jens Lind. 2011. København. 128 s....

A Jacob/Nsmf Gene Knockout Results in Hippocampal Dysplasia and Impaired BDNF Signaling in Dendritogenesis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Christina Spilker

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Jacob, the protein encoded by the Nsmf gene, is involved in synapto-nuclear signaling and docks an N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR-derived signalosome to nuclear target sites like the transcription factor cAMP-response-element-binding protein (CREB. Several reports indicate that mutations in NSMF are related to Kallmann syndrome (KS, a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH associated with anosmia or hyposmia. It has also been reported that a protein knockdown results in migration deficits of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH positive neurons from the olfactory bulb to the hypothalamus during early neuronal development. Here we show that mice that are constitutively deficient for the Nsmf gene do not present phenotypic characteristics related to KS. Instead, these mice exhibit hippocampal dysplasia with a reduced number of synapses and simplification of dendrites, reduced hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP at CA1 synapses and deficits in hippocampus-dependent learning. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF activation of CREB-activated gene expression plays a documented role in hippocampal CA1 synapse and dendrite formation. We found that BDNF induces the nuclear translocation of Jacob in an NMDAR-dependent manner in early development, which results in increased phosphorylation of CREB and enhanced CREB-dependent Bdnf gene transcription. Nsmf knockout (ko mice show reduced hippocampal Bdnf mRNA and protein levels as well as reduced pCREB levels during dendritogenesis. Moreover, BDNF application can rescue the morphological deficits in hippocampal pyramidal neurons devoid of Jacob. Taken together, the data suggest that the absence of Jacob in early development interrupts a positive feedback loop between BDNF signaling, subsequent nuclear import of Jacob, activation of CREB and enhanced Bdnf gene transcription, ultimately leading to hippocampal dysplasia.

Versiones cinematográficas del tema fáustico

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Suárez Lafuente, M. S.

2010-02-01

Full Text Available This article intends to follow the development of the Faustian myth through a number of outstanding films in western culture ending with Faust 5.0 by Fura dels Baus. It starts with a brief analysis of the Faust inscribed in literature by Spiess in 1587 and, progressively, implemented by several European authors up to the Manns. The number of literary and filmic Fausts is so large that this article, a work in progress, provides only a few steppingstones, those considered more relevant in the history of the myth. The main characteristics of the legend are kept as the leading structure of this article, considering the fact that those are the moments that attract the attention of writers and directors and, therefore, suffer more modifications. Modifications that follow the philosophical thought and the social changes of the time in which they were written or filmed. Accordingly, contemporary Fausts bear the imprint of the new technologies and the feminist, postmodern, postcolonial or transcultural perspectives of our era.

La leyenda fáustica, en la que el personaje principal vende su alma al diablo por conseguir lo que más anhela en ese momento, se ha convertido, desde su primera publicación en la imprenta de Johann Spiess en 1587, en un tema recurrente en diferentes medios artísticos. En la literatura en todas sus manifestaciones, en pintura, música y cine, diferentes Faustos soñaron con el placer, el conocimiento, la fama, el dinero o el poder, y aprendieron, de manera dramática, que la vida es breve y los logros humanos efímeros. Puesto que la duda primordial de qué hay después de la muerte no puede ser satisfecha, la venta del alma se convierte en una transacción fútil o trágica, según fuera la respuesta, que ningún Fausto llega a dilucidar. Mefistófeles, el mensajero del diablo, no tiene más remedio que convertirse en un mago o en un bufón para distraer a su señor terrenal, para que no piense en temas trascendentales

Point card compatible automatic vending machine for canned drink; Point card taio kan jido hanbaiki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-01-10

A point card compatible automatic vending machine for canned drinks is developed, which provides drink manufacturers with a powerful tool to acquire selling sites and attract consumers. Since the machine is equipped with a device to handle point cards, regular customers have increased and sales have picked up. A point card issuing device is also installed, and the new machine issues a point card whenever a customer wants. The drink manufacturers are evaluating high of the vending machine because it will contribute to the diffusion of the point card system and because a sales promotion campaign may be conducted through the vending machine for instance by exchanging a fully marked card with a giveaway on the spot. In the future, a bill validator (paper money identifier) will be integrated even with small size machines for the diffusion of point card compatible machines. (translated by NEDO)

Peter Landshoff : "Shared experiences in physics and publishing"; symposium in honour of Maurice Jacob on 27th March 1998

CERN Multimedia

Laurent Guiraud

1998-01-01

On the occasion of the 65th birthday of Maurice Jacob, his friends are organizing, together with CERN, a symposium presenting some of the scientific fields to which Maurice Jacob has made decisive contributions during his career or in which he has a

"[No] doctor but my master": Health reform and antislavery rhetoric in Harriet Jacobs's Incidents in the life of a slave girl.

Science.gov (United States)

Berry, Sarah L

2014-03-01

This essay examines Harriet Jacobs's Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl (1861) in light of new archival findings on the medical practices of Dr. James Norcom (Dr. Flint in the narrative). While critics have sharply defined the feminist politics of Jacobs's sexual victimization and resistance, they have overlooked her medical experience in slavery and her participation in reform after escape. I argue that Jacobs uses the rhetoric of a woman-led health reform movement underway during the 1850s to persuade her readers to end slavery. This essay reconstructs both contexts, revealing that Jacobs links enslaved women's physical and sexual vulnerability with her female readers' fears of male doctors' threats to modesty and of their standard bleed-and-purge treatments. Jacobs illustrates that slavery damages women's health as much as heroic medicine, and thus merits the political activism of her readers. Specifically, Jacobs dramatizes her conflicts with the rapacious physician-master at moments that are crucial to women's health: marriage, pregnancy, childbirth, and motherhood. Ultimately, this essay advances a new understanding of the role of health reform in social change: it galvanized other movements such as women's rights and abolition, particularly around issues of bodily autonomy for women and African Americans.

Maurice Jacob 1933 - 2007

CERN Multimedia

2007-01-01

CERN theorist Maurice Jacob passed away suddenly on May 2nd, following a heart attack. Throughout his research career, Maurice was a leader in the theory of high-energy hadron physics. In his early days, he made many key contributions, together with Giancarlo Wick, to the development of the helicity formalism that is being used increasingly in modern theoretical calculations. He was an expert on diffraction physics. Together with Sam Berman, he made the crucial observation that the appearance of point-like parton structures in deep-inelastic scattering implied the existence of high-transverse-momentum processes in proton-proton collisions, as subsequently observed at the CERN ISR. He was a pioneer of the studies of inclusive hadron-production processes, including scaling and its violations. Together with Ron Horgan, he made detailed predictions for the production of jets at the CERN proton-antiproton collider, which were subsequently discovered by the UA2 and UA1 experiments. Maurice worked closely with his...

Tema-atlas

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Ole Michael; Olsen, S.

I dette tema-atlas viser forskere på By og Byg, hvordan registre over befolkning, bygninger og forbrug kan overføres til kort ved hjælp af GIS-teknologi. Atlasset er samtidig en illustration af de muligheder, som tegner sig i kommunerne for at udnytte eksisterende registre i forbindelse med...

Socio-economic and hygiene features of street food vending in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

2006-12-04

Dec 4, 2006 ... Results. The survey showed a high hygiene standard maintained by most vendors during ... vending for their livelihood and that their customers appreciate their trade. .... They followed a judgemental approach in their .... that occur in microscopic clusters, with S. aureus .... Customer satisfaction with street.

Identification of specific microorganisms in fresh squeezed street vended fruit juices

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

K Sahithi Reddy

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Introduction: In developing country like India, street foods such as salads and fresh cut fruits are widely consumed. Among all street foods, fruit juices are common beverages, consumed more because of higher consumer preference both in terms of taste and health. Moreover, there is a dearth of Indian studies on contamination of street vended fruit juices. Aim: To determine the pH and specific microorganisms in freshly squeezed street vended fruit juices. Materials and Methods: Four fruit juices i.e., Grapes, Sweet Lime, Pineapple and Sapota were chosen for the study. Juices were collected in summer season in months between April and June 2013. Ten samples of 50 ml each fruit juice was collected in sterile bottles from various street vendors of Dilshuknagar area of Hyderabad city. Transportation of samples to Food Toxicology laboratory, National Institute of Nutrition was done in the ice box and processing was done within 2–4 h. Results: All juices showed bacterial contamination except one sample of grape juice. Pineapple juice samples showed the high bacterial contamination with all samples positive for fecal coliforms and Shigella spp. (100%. Salmonella spp. was detected only in one sample of Sapota juice (10%. Significant difference among fruit juices for prevalence of microorganisms was seen only for Escherichia coli (P = 0.03 with least count in Grape juice (20%. Conclusion: Freshly squeezed street vended fruit juices were contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, which significantly attributed to public health problem.

Compliance with school nutrition policies in Ontario and Alberta: An assessment of secondary school vending machine data from the COMPASS study.

Science.gov (United States)

Vine, Michelle M; Harrington, Daniel W; Butler, Alexandra; Patte, Karen; Godin, Katelyn; Leatherdale, Scott T

2017-04-20

We investigated the extent to which a sample of Ontario and Alberta secondary schools are being compliant with their respective provincial nutrition policies, in terms of the food and beverages sold in vending machines. This observational study used objective data on drinks and snacks from vending machines, collected over three years of the COMPASS study (2012/2013-2014/2015 school years). Drink (e.g., sugar-containing carbonated/non-carbonated soft drinks, sports drinks, etc.) and snack (e.g., chips, crackers, etc.) data were coded by number of units available, price, and location of vending machine(s) in the school. Univariate and bivariate analyses were undertaken using R version 3.2.3. In order to assess policy compliancy over time, nutritional information of products in vending machines was compared to nutrition standards set out in P/PM 150 in Ontario, and those set out in the Alberta Nutrition Guidelines for Children and Youth (2012) in Alberta. Results reveal a decline over time in the proportion of schools selling sugar-containing carbonated soft drinks (9% in 2012/2013 vs. 3% in 2014/2015), crackers (26% vs. 17%) and cake products (12% vs. 5%) in vending machines, and inconsistent changes in the proportion selling chips (53%, 67% and 65% over the three school years). Conversely, results highlight increases in the proportion of vending machines selling chocolate bars (7% vs. 13%) and cookies (21% vs. 40%) between the 2012/2013 and 2014/2015 school years. Nutritional standard policies were not adhered to in the majority of schools with respect to vending machines. There is a need for investment in formal monitoring and evaluation of school policies, and the provision of information and tools to support nutrition policy implementation.

A public school district's vending machine policy and changes over a 4-year period: implementation of a national wellness policy.

Science.gov (United States)

Han-Markey, T L; Wang, L; Schlotterbeck, S; Jackson, E A; Gurm, R; Leidal, A; Eagle, K

2012-04-01

The school environment has been the focus of many health initiatives over the years as a means to address the childhood obesity crisis. The availability of low-nutrient, high-calorie foods and beverages to students via vending machines further exacerbates the issue of childhood obesity. However, a healthy overhaul of vending machines may also affect revenue on which schools have come to depend. This article describes the experience of one school district in changing the school environment, and the resulting impact on food and beverage vending machines. Observational study in Ann Arbor public schools. The contents and locations of vending machines were identified in 2003 and surveyed repeatedly in 2007. Overall revenues were also documented during this time period. Changes were observed in the contents of both food and beverage vending machines. Revenue in the form of commissions to the contracted companies and the school district decreased. Local and national wellness policy changes may have financial ramifications for school districts. In order to facilitate and sustain school environment change, all stakeholders, including teachers, administrators, students and healthcare providers, should collaborate and communicate on policy implementation, recognizing that change can have negative financial consequences as well as positive, healthier outcomes. Copyright © 2012 The Royal Society for Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Tema 4. Calor y temperatura (Guía del tema)

OpenAIRE

Beléndez Vázquez, Augusto

2010-01-01

Guía del "Tema 4. Calor y temperatura" de la asignatura "Fundamentos Físicos de la Ingeniería I" del "Grado en Ingeniería en Sonido e Imagen" impartido en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad de Alicante.

The vending and à la carte policy intervention in Maine public high schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Davee, Anne-Marie; Blum, Janet E Whatley; Devore, Rachel L; Beaudoin, Christina M; Kaley, Lori A; Leiter, Janet L; Wigand, Debra A

2005-11-01

A healthy school nutrition environment may be important for decreasing childhood overweight. This article describes a project to make healthier snacks and beverages available in vending machines and à la carte programs in Maine public high schools. Seven public high schools in Maine volunteered to participate in this project. Four schools made changes to the nutrition environment, and three schools that served as controls did not. The nutrition guidelines were to offer only low-fat (not more than 30% of total calories from fat) and low-sugar (not more than 35% by weight of sugar) items in vending machines and à la carte programs. Strategies to implement the project included early communications with school officials, monetary stipends for participation, identification of a school liaison, and a committee at each school to promote the healthy changes. Baseline nutrient content and sales of all competitive foods and beverages were assessed to develop the guidelines for changes in the four schools. Student volunteers at all seven schools were measured for height, weight, diet quality, and physical activity level to assess the impact of the change to the nutrition environment. Baseline measures were taken in the spring semester of 2004. Nutrition changes were made to the à la carte programs and vending machines in the four intervention schools at the start of the fall semester of 2004. Follow-up nutrition assessment and student data collection occurred in the spring semester of 2005. Healthy changes in vending machines were more easily achieved than those made in the à la carte programs. Technical assistance and ongoing support were essential for successful implementation of this intervention. It is possible to improve the nutrition environment of Maine public high schools. Stakeholder support is essential to sustain healthy changes.

Profits, Commercial Food Supplier Involvement, and School Vending Machine Snack Food Availability: Implications for Implementing the New Competitive Foods Rule

Science.gov (United States)

Terry-McElrath, Yvonne M.; Hood, Nancy E.; Colabianchi, Natalie; O'Malley, Patrick M.; Johnston, Lloyd D.

2014-01-01

Background: The 2013-2014 school year involved preparation for implementing the new US Department of Agriculture (USDA) competitive foods nutrition standards. An awareness of associations between commercial supplier involvement, food vending practices, and food vending item availability may assist schools in preparing for the new standards.…

Availability of Vending Machines and School Stores in California Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Cisse-Egbuonye, Nafissatou; Liles, Sandy; Schmitz, Katharine E.; Kassem, Nada; Irvin, Veronica L.; Hovell, Melbourne F.

2016-01-01

Background: This study examined the availability of foods sold in vending machines and school stores in United States public and private schools, and associations of availability with students' food purchases and consumption. Methods: Descriptive analyses, chi-square tests, and Spearman product-moment correlations were conducted on data collected…

How State Taxes and Policies Targeting Soda Consumption Modify the Association between School Vending Machines and Student Dietary Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

OpenAIRE

Taber, Daniel R.; Chriqui, Jamie F.; Vuillaume, Renee; Chaloupka, Frank J.

2014-01-01

Background: Sodas are widely sold in vending machines and other school venues in the United States, particularly in high school. Research suggests that policy changes have reduced soda access, but the impact of reduced access on consumption is unclear. This study was designed to identify student, environmental, or policy characteristics that modify the associations between school vending machines and student dietary behaviors. Methods: Data on school vending machine access and student diet we...

Taani viib õpilaste testimise Internetti / Jacob Wandall ; intervjueerinud Raivo Juurak ; kommenteerinud Anti Teepere

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Wandall, Jacob

2009-01-01

Ülevaade adaptiivtestidest ja nende rakendamise kavadest Taani põhikoolis. Vestlus Taani haridusministeeriumi koolivalitsuse peaspetsialist Jacob Wandalliga, kommenteerib REKK-i üldhariduse õppekavade ja eksamite osakonna peaspetsialist Anti Teepere

A systematic literature review of nutrition interventions in vending machines that encourage consumers to make healthier choices.

Science.gov (United States)

Grech, A; Allman-Farinelli, M

2015-12-01

Internationally, vending machines are scrutinized for selling energy-dense nutrient-poor foods and beverages, and the contribution to overconsumption and subsequent risk of obesity. The aim of this review is to determine the efficacy of nutrition interventions in vending machine in eliciting behaviour change to improve diet quality or weight status of consumers. Electronic databases Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL, Science Direct and PubMed were searched from inception. (i) populations that have access to vending machines; (ii) nutrition interventions; (iii) measured outcomes of behaviour change (e.g. sales data, dietary intake or weight change); and (iv) experimental trials where controls were not exposed to the intervention. Risk of bias was assessed independently by two researchers, and higher quality research formed the basis of this qualitative review. Twelve articles from 136 searched were included for synthesis. Intervention settings included schools, universities and workplaces. Reducing price or increasing the availability increased sales of healthier choices. The results of point-of-purchase nutrition information interventions were heterogeneous and when measured changes to purchases were small. This review offers evidence that pricing and availability strategies are effective at improving the nutritional quality foods and beverages purchased from vending machines. Evidence on how these interventions alter consumer's overall diet or body mass index is needed. © 2015 World Obesity.

Profiling online recreational/prescription drugs' customers and overview of drug vending virtual marketplaces.

Science.gov (United States)

Orsolini, Laura; Francesconi, Giulia; Papanti, Duccio; Giorgetti, Arianna; Schifano, Fabrizio

2015-07-01

Internet and social networking sites play a significant role in the marketing and distribution of recreational/prescription drugs without restrictions. We aimed here at reviewing data relating to the profile of the online drug customer and at describing drug vending websites. The PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases were searched here in order to elicit data on the socio-demographic characteristics of the recreational marketplaces/online pharmacies' customers and the determinants relating to online drug purchasing activities. Typical online recreational drugs' customers seem to be Caucasian, men, in their 20s, highly educated, and using the web to impact as minimally as possible on their existing work/professional status. Conversely, people without any health insurance seemed to look at the web as a source of more affordable prescription medicines. Drug vending websites are typically presented here with a "no prescription required" approach, together with aggressive marketing strategies. The online availability of recreational/prescriptions drugs remains a public health concern. A more precise understanding of online vending sites' customers may well facilitate the drafting and implementation of proper prevention campaigns aimed at counteracting the increasing levels of online drug acquisition and hence intake activities. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

HYGIENIC AND HEALTH QUALITY OF HOT BEVERAGES DISTRIBUTED BY VENDING MACHINES

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. Vallone

2011-08-01

Full Text Available The food and beverage vending had in the last 40 years a great development in Italy. From the hygienic and health point of view, the quality of the products distributed by Vending is essentially related to three factors: the quality of raw materials, the quality of tap water and the good working order together with the good cleanliness and hygienic status of equipments. In this work we wanted to test these features. We evaluated microbiological and fungal quality of raw materials (powders, of distributed hot beverages and the used equipments. Despite contamination levels shown by the results of this study, the temperature of the boiler is sufficient to make a significant reduction of bacterial and fungal loads. To obtain satisfactory results on the quality of delivered hot beverages is necessary to apply correct maintenance and cleaning/sanitation procedures of equipments, as well as an appropriate selection of suppliers.

Safety of street vended meat products - chicken and beef suya ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

leftover, heated, spiced and roasted suya of the following day, were collected from three locations in Ibadan metropolis, to identify the specific microorganisms in street vended chicken and beef suya and measure the microbial count at each stage of handling from the raw state to marketing and consumption. The plate count ...

Tema 8. Principis físics dels semiconductors (Guia del tema)

OpenAIRE

Beléndez Vázquez, Augusto

2011-01-01

Guia del "Tema 8. Principis físics dels semiconductors" de l'assignatura "Fonaments Físics de l'Enginyeria I" de "Grau en Enginyeria en So i Imatge" impartit a l'Escola Politècnica Superior de la Universitat d'Alacant.

‘A Tribute to his Exceptional Merits’: Jacob Grimm’s Reputation in the Netherlands and Belgium in the Nineteenth Century

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Schlusemann, Rita

2014-01-01

This paper aims to show that Jacob Grimm’s correspondence with Dutch and Belgian colleagues clearly demonstrates that Jacob Grimm and his fellow Dutch and Belgian researchers (such as H. van Wijn, H.W. Tydeman, the Society for Dutch Literature and J.F. Willems) shared an interest in specific Dutch

Assessment of Quality and Safety of Street-vended Fried West ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

This study was carried out to assess the quality and safety of street-vended fried West African ilisha (Ilisha africana) from major markets in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. A total number of 100 fried fish samples obtained from ten major markets in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria were analysed in the laboratory for: proximate ...

Implementation of electronic locking devices for adolescents at German tobacco vending machines: intended and unintended changes of supply and demand.

Science.gov (United States)

Schneider, S; Meyer, C; Yamamoto, S; Solle, D

2009-08-01

Starting from 1 January 2007, electronic locking devices based on proof-of-age (via electronic cash cards or a European driving licence) were installed in approximately 500,000 vending machines across Germany to restrict the purchase of cigarettes to those over the age of 16. To examine changes in the number of tobacco vending machines before and after the introduction of these new measures. The total number of commercial tobacco sources in 2 selected districts (70,000 inhabitants) in Cologne were recorded and mapped. This major German city was the ideal setting for this study as investigators were able to use existing sociogeographical data from the area. A complete inventory was compiled in autumn 2005 and 2007. A total of 780 students aged 12 to 15 were also interviewed in the study areas. The main outcome measures were quantities and locations of commercial tobacco sources. Between 2005 and 2007 the total number of tobacco sources decreased from 315 to 277 within the study area. Although the most obvious reduction was detected in the number of outdoor vending machines (-48%), the number of indoor vending machines also decreased by 8%. Adolescents changed from vending machines to other sources for cigarettes, particularly kiosks or friends (+31% points usage rate, pvending machines decreased, this has not had a significant impact on cigarette acquisition by underage smokers as they were able to circumvent this new security measure in several different ways.

10 CFR 431.292 - Definitions concerning refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machines.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

.... Basic model means, with respect to refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machines, all units... beverages and dispenses the bottled or canned beverages on payment. V means the refrigerated volume (ft3) of...

Current of interacting particles inside a channel of exponential cavities: Application of a modified Fick-Jacobs equation.

Science.gov (United States)

Suárez, G; Hoyuelos, M; Mártin, H

2016-06-01

Recently a nonlinear Fick-Jacobs equation has been proposed for the description of transport and diffusion of particles interacting through a hard-core potential in tubes or channels of varying cross section [Suárez et al., Phys. Rev. E 91, 012135 (2015)]PLEEE81539-375510.1103/PhysRevE.91.012135. Here we focus on the analysis of the current and mobility when the channel is composed by a chain of asymmetric cavities and a force is applied in one or the opposite direction, for both interacting and noninteracting particles, and compare analytical and Monte Carlo simulation results. We consider a cavity with a shape given by exponential functions; the linear Fick-Jacobs equation for noninteracting particles can be exactly solved in this case. The results of the current difference (when a force is applied in opposite directions) are more accurate for the modified Fick-Jacobs equation for particles with hard-core interaction than for noninteracting ones.

Audru Püha Risti kirik / Jürgen Grablings, Jacob Greisson, Matthias Woywoden...[jt.

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

välisvaade, altar; kivikirik pühitseti 1680 (ehitusmeistrid Jürgen Grablings, Jacob Greisson, Matthias Woywoden), torn valmis pärast 1695. aastat; neogooti stiilis tornikiiver ja sisustus XIX sajandil; altarimaal "Kristus ristil" (Gustav Biermann, 1872)

Changing Household Dynamics: Children's American Generational Resources in Street Vending Markets

Science.gov (United States)

Estrada, Emir

2013-01-01

This article prompts a re-visioning of segmented assimilation theory by examining the household dynamics and consequences that occur when Latino immigrant children and youth become active contributors to family street vending businesses. Based on participant observation and 20 in-depth interviews with Latino children who work with their immigrant…

Jacob Hemet. Dentist to royalty and entrepreneur extraordinaire.

Science.gov (United States)

Ring, Malvin E

2006-11-01

One of the most prominent dentists in late-18th century London was Jacob Hemet, member of a long family of dentists. He was appointed royal dentist to Queen Charlotte, wife of George the Third, and to George's favorite daughter, Amelia, and the Prince of Wales. He advertised widely, both in this country and in several European countries, including his native France. However, what makes him noteworthy is the fact that he was the very first person to patent a dentifrice and the first to use marketing techniques similar to those used by the foremost toothpaste manufacturers of today.

Multiple access to sterile syringes for injection drug users: vending machines, needle exchange programs and legal pharmacy sales in Marseille, France.

Science.gov (United States)

Moatti, J P; Vlahov, D; Feroni, I; Perrin, V; Obadia, Y

2001-03-01

In Marseille, southeastern France, HIV prevention programs for injection drug users (IDUs) simultaneously include access to sterile syringes through needle exchange programs (NEPs), legal pharmacy sales and, since 1996, vending machines that mechanically exchange new syringes for used ones. The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of IDUs according to the site where they last obtained new syringes. During 3 days in September 1997, all IDUs who obtained syringes from 32 pharmacies, four NEPs and three vending machines were offered the opportunity to complete a self-administered questionnaire on demographics, drug use characteristics and program utilization. Of 485 individuals approached, the number who completed the questionnaire was 141 in pharmacies, 114 in NEPs and 88 at vending machines (response rate = 70.7%). Compared to NEP users, vending machine users were younger and less likely to be enrolled in a methadone program or to report being HIV infected, but more likely to misuse buprenorphine. They also had lower financial resources and were less likely to be heroin injectors than both pharmacy and NEP users. Our results suggest that vending machines attract a very different group of IDUs than NEPs, and that both programs are useful adjuncts to legal pharmacy sales for covering the needs of IDUs for sterile syringes in a single city. Assessment of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of combining such programs for the prevention of HIV and other infectious diseases among IDUs requires further comparative research. Copyright 2001 S. Karger AG, Basel

Antimicrobial resistance and typing of Salmonella isolated from street vended foods and associated environment.

Science.gov (United States)

Anukampa; Shagufta, Bi; Sivakumar, M; Kumar, Surender; Agarwal, Rajesh Kumar; Bhilegaonkar, Kiran Narayan; Kumar, Ashok; Dubal, Zunjar Baburao

2017-07-01

The present study was carried out to find out the occurrence and types of Salmonella present in street vended foods and associated environment, and their resistance pattern against various antibiotics. About 1075 street vended food and associated environment samples were processed for isolation and confirmation of different Salmonella spp. by targeting gene specific inv A gene and serotype specific Sdf I, Via B and Spy genes by PCR. Selected Salmonella isolates were screened for antibiotic resistance by using Baeur-Kirby disk diffusion test. Out of 1075 samples, only 31 (2.88%) isolates could be amplified the inv A gene of which 19 could be recovered from meat vendors; 8 from egg vendors while remaining 4 from milk vendors. Though, majority of Salmonella recovered from raw foods the ready-to-eat food like chicken gravy and rasmalai also showed its presence which pose a serious public health threat. Overall, 19, 6 and 1 isolates of S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis and S. Typhi could be detected by PCR while remaining 5 isolates could not be amplified suggesting other type of Salmonella. Selected Salmonella isolates were completely resistance to Oxacillin (100%) followed by Cefoxitin (30.43%) and Ampicillin (26.10%). Thus, it is observed that the street vended foods of animal origin and associated environment play an important role in transmission of food borne pathogens including Salmonella .

Spatio-temporal outbreaks of campylobacteriosis and the role of fresh-milk vending machines in the Czech Republic: A methodological study.

Science.gov (United States)

Marek, Lukáš; Pászto, Vít

2017-11-08

Inspired by local outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in the Czech Republic in 2010 linked to the debate about alleged health risks of the raw milk consumption, a detailed study was carried out. Firstly, scanning was utilised to identify spatio-temporal clusters of the disease from 2008 to 2012. Then a spatial method (geographical profiling originally developed for criminology) served as assessment in selecting fresh-milk vending machines that could have contributed to some of the local campylobacteriosis outbreaks. Even though an area of increased relative risk of the disease was identified in the affected city of České Budějovice during January and February 2010, geoprofiling did not identify any vending machines in the area as the potential source. However, possible sources in some nearby cities were suggested. Overall, 14 high-rate clusters including the localisation of 9% of the vending machines installed in the Czech Republic were found in the period 2008-2012. Although the vending machines are subject to strict hygiene standards and regular testing, a potential link between a small number of them and the spatial distribution of campylobacteriosis has been detected in the Czech Republic. This should be taken into account in public health research of the disease.

Spatio-temporal outbreaks of campylobacteriosis and the role of fresh-milk vending machines in the Czech Republic: A methodological study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lukáš Marek

2017-11-01

Full Text Available Inspired by local outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in the Czech Republic in 2010 linked to the debate about alleged health risks of the raw milk consumption, a detailed study was carried out. Firstly, scanning was utilised to identify spatio-temporal clusters of the disease from 2008 to 2012. Then a spatial method (geographical profiling originally developed for criminology served as assessment in selecting fresh-milk vending machines that could have contributed to some of the local campylobacteriosis outbreaks. Even though an area of increased relative risk of the disease was identified in the affected city of České Budějovice during January and February 2010, geoprofiling did not identify any vending machines in the area as the potential source. However, possible sources in some nearby cities were suggested. Overall, 14 high-rate clusters including the localisation of 9% of the vending machines installed in the Czech Republic were found in the period 2008-2012. Although the vending machines are subject to strict hygiene standards and regular testing, a potential link between a small number of them and the spatial distribution of campylobacteriosis has been detected in the Czech Republic. This should be taken into account in public health research of the disease.

Tesis de doctorado tema colombiano

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Boletín Cultural y Bibliográfico Banco de la República

2004-09-01

Full Text Available La lista publicada a continuación corresponde a tesis obsequiadas a la Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango por el Institut des Hautes Études de l'Amérique Latine y por el Centre de Recherche et de Documentation sur l'Amérique Latine. Se recibieron en formato de microficha, como parte de una donación más amplia, que comprende 1.362 tesis sobre temas de América Latina. Acompaña la colección un CD-ROM que incluye un catálogo completo, que puede consultarse mediante búsquedas por autor, país, tema, título, periodo histórico, universidad, etc.

Evaluation of compliance with the self-regulation agreement of the food and drink vending machine sector in primary schools in Madrid, Spain, in 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Royo-Bordonada, Miguel A; Martínez-Huedo, María A

2014-01-01

To evaluate compliance with the self-regulation agreement of the food and drink vending machine sector in primary schools in Madrid, Spain. Cross-sectional study of the prevalence of vending machines in 558 primary schools in 2008. Using the directory of all registered primary schools in Madrid, we identified the presence of machines by telephone interviews and evaluated compliance with the agreement by visiting the schools and assessing accessibility, type of publicity, the products offered and knowledge of the agreement. The prevalence of schools with vending machines was 5.8%. None of the schools reported knowledge of the agreement or of its nutritional guidelines, and most machines were accessible to primary school pupils (79.3%) and packed with high-calorie, low-nutrient-dense foods (58.6%). Compliance with the self-regulation agreement of the vending machines sector was low. Stricter regulation should receive priority in the battle against the obesity epidemic. Copyright © 2013 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

Study of Acrylamide Level in Food from Vending Machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Haouet, Naceur; Pistolese, Simona; Branciari, Raffaella; Ranucci, David; Altissimi, Maria Serena

2016-09-20

Acrylamide is a by-product of the Maillard reaction and is potentially carcinogenic to humans. It is found in a number of foods with higher concentrations in carbohydrate-rich foods and moderate levels of protein-rich foods such as meat, fish and seafood. Acrylamide levels in food distributed in vending machines placed in public areas of the city of Perugia were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Samples included five different categories, depending on the characteristics of the products: i) potato chips; ii) salted bakery products; iii) biscuits and wafers; iv) sweet bakery products; v) sandwiches. A high variability in acrylamide level among different foods and within the same category was detected. Potato chips showed the highest amount of acrylamide (1781±637 μg/kg) followed by salted bakery products (211 ±245 μg/kg), biscuits and wafers (184±254 μg/kg), sweet bakery products (100±72 μg/kg) and sandwiches (42±10 μg/kg). In the potato chips and sandwiches categories, all of the samples revealed the presence of acrylamide, while different prevalence was registered in the other foods considered. The data of this study highlight the presence of acrylamide in different foods sold in vending machines and this data could be useful to understand the contribution of this type of consumption to human exposure to this compound.

Study of acrylamide level in food from vending machines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Naceur Haouet

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Acrylamide is a by-product of the Maillard reaction and is potentially carcinogenic to humans. It is found in a number of foods with higher concentrations in carbohydrate-rich foods and moderate levels of protein-rich foods such as meat, fish and seafood. Acrylamide levels in food distributed in vending machines placed in public areas of the city of Perugia were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Samples included five different categories, depending on the characteristics of the products: i potato chips; ii salted bakery products; iii biscuits and wafers; iv sweet bakery products; v sandwiches. A high variability in acrylamide level among different foods and within the same category was detected. Potato chips showed the highest amount of acrylamide (1781±637 μg/kg followed by salted bakery products (211±245 μg/kg, biscuits and wafers (184±254 μg/kg, sweet bakery products (100±72 μg/kg and sandwiches (42±10 μg/kg. In the potato chips and sandwiches categories, all of the samples revealed the presence of acrylamide, while different prevalence was registered in the other foods considered. The data of this study highlight the presence of acrylamide in different foods sold in vending machines and this data could be useful to understand the contribution of this type of consumption to human exposure to this compound.

Basic and Special Criteria for the Evaluation of Manually Activated and/or Coin Activated Vending Machines for Foods and/or Beverages. Revised February 1963.

Science.gov (United States)

National Sanitation Foundation, Ann Arbor, MI.

Appraisal of various types of manually activated and/or coin activated vending machines is discussed in this standard. The following are included--(1) introduction and definitions and discussion of various types of food and beverage vending machines, (2) general provisions including minimum requirements, alternate materials, and a classification…

Listeria spp. in Street-Vended Ready-to-Eat Foods

OpenAIRE

El-Shenawy, Moustafa; El-Shenawy, Mohamed; Ma?es, Jordi; Soriano, Jose M.

2011-01-01

Street-vended ready-to-eat food sold in Egypt, including sandwiches and dishes of traditional food, was examined for the presence of Listeria species. Out of 576 samples, 24% were found to contain Listeria species. L. monocytogenes and L. innocua were isolated from 57% and 39% of the contaminated samples, respectively. Other Listeria spp. were detected with lower frequency. L. monocytogenes of ≥103 CFU/g were detected in 7% of the total examined samples, which represent 49% of the contamina...

A discussion of the kamlet-jacobs formula for the detonation pressure

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kazandjian, Luc; Danel, Jean-Francois [Commissariat a l' Energie Atomique, Centre CEA-DIF, B. P. 12, F-91680 Bruyeres-le-Chatel (France)

2006-02-15

The main features of the Kamlet-Jacobs formula for the detonation pressure of C-H-N-O explosives are analytically derived from a BKW (Becker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson) equation of state of the detonation products. In the derivation, well-known typical values at the Chapman-Jouguet state, in particular the nearly constant value of the relative volume of the detonation products, are used. (Abstract Copyright [2006], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

That is where God comes in: Jacob Duym's Ghedenck-boeck as argumentative discourse

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Jansen, J.

2014-01-01

According to the subtitle, the Ghedenck-boeck (1606) by Jacob Duym learned the reader to forever memorize all evil and malevolence brought about by the Spaniards and their adherents, as well as the great love and fidelity, displayed to the Netherlands by the princes of the Dutch House of Nassau. In

Are school vending machines loaded with calories and fat: an assessment of 106 middle and high schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Pasch, Keryn E; Lytle, Leslie A; Samuelson, Anne C; Farbakhsh, Kian; Kubik, Martha Y; Patnode, Carrie D

2011-04-01

The purpose of this study was to describe the extent to which vending offerings in 106 schools in the St. Paul-Minneapolis, Minnesota metropolitan area, met criteria for types of beverages, fat, and calories based on selected criteria offered by the Institute of Medicine. Schools where youth participants were attending for the 2006-2007 school year were identified and invited to participate in the study (n = 143); 81% of schools (n = 116) agreed to participate. Of the 116 schools, 106 had vending machines. Across schools with vending machines (n = 106), 5085 food and 8442 beverage items were offered. Overall, only 18% of beverage items met criteria for calories and type of beverage; significantly more items in public schools met the criteria as compared to private schools (19% vs 12%; p schools as compared to middle schools (18% vs 22%; p schools (22% vs 18%; p = .01), while high schools (22%) and middle schools (21%) were similar. A very small proportion of foods (schools are doing a slightly better job of providing healthy foods as compared to private schools. © 2011, American School Health Association.

"Alguses oli tema üksinda, sest oli küll..." : [luuletused] / Kabir ; tlk. Doris Kareva

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kabir

2006-01-01

Sisu: "Alguses oli tema üksinda, sest oli küll..." ; "Kõik loodud on Kõiksuse poolt..." ; "Otsid Sa mind?..." ; "Kabir oma meele puhtaks..." ; "Pole pühades järvedes midagi muud peale vee..." ; "Otsisin kelme ja kõveraid..." ; "Ütle, vend, mida küll teha..." ; "Mis kurja on teinud su juuksed..." ; "Ära tõuse, et minna õue vaatama lilli..." ; "Sinu sünd inimesena on küps vili..." ; "Öö saatsid sa magades mööda..." ; "Pole ma hindu..." ; "Ma vaatan sind..." ; "Veskikivisid vaadeldes ; "Nähes aednikku lähenemas, õhkasid pungad..." ; "Tasa, tasa tõtta, mu meel..." ; "Ära kurvasta..." ; "Imetlusväärne on teemant..." ; "Kuula, sõber, see keha on Tema lüüra..." ; "Nagu seemnes varjul on õli..." ; "Olgugi ookean leekides..." ; "Tilka, mis lahustub meres..." ; "Jõgi ja lained on üks..." ; "Kes sa oled ja kust oled tulnud?..." ; "Kaovad kuningad, kauneimad kuningannad..." ; "Rohkem kui midagi muud..." ; "Lihalik, surelik tantsib selle ees..." ; "Väike rubiin, mida igaüks ihkab..." ; "Mine heade juurde, kus Armastatugi elab..." ; "Eksitus sulgeb väravad..." ; "Keelilt vallandub helisid..." ; "Kõik algab lahusoleku valust..." ; "Ärka, sõber! Miks ikka veel magad?..." ; "Kuu on mu kehas, kuid ise ma seda ei näe..." ; "Miks oled nii kärsitu, süda?..." ; "Kellele kuulub see flööt..." ; "Kui raske on Külalist kohata!..." ; "Kandetool toodi minule järgi mu isakoju..." ; "Siia ilma sündides nutsid..." ; "Oh mu süda! Ei jõudnud sa tundma õppida..." ; "Õige kulunud on sinu rüü..." ; "Õhkõrn on see õhuke rüü..." ; "Lipp, mida keegi ei näe..." ; "Oh otsija, lihtne liit lähim on südamele..." ; "Õhtu varjud on sügavaks saanud..." ; "Kuis saakski katkeda armastus me kahe vahel..." ; "Luik, tahaksin, et mulle räägiksid kõik oma loo..." ; "Kuhu ihaled küll, minu süda?..." ; "Ei lakka Lõpmatu flöödiheli..." ; "Mida näed, seda pole...". Autori kohta eluloolisi andmeid lk. 11

Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. receives architectural and engineering design contract from Stanford Linear Accelerator Centre

CERN Multimedia

2004-01-01

"Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. announced that a subsidiary company won a contract from Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), to provide architectural and engineering design services for the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) conventional facilities" (1/2 page)

Developing Preservice Teachers' Understanding of Function Using a Vending Machine Metaphor Applet

Science.gov (United States)

McCulloch, Allison; Lovett, Jennifer; Edgington, Cyndi

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study is to examine the use of a Vending Machine applet as a cognitive root for the development of preservice teachers understanding of function. The applet was designed to purposefully problematize common misconceptions associated with the algebraic nature of typical function machines. Findings indicated affordances and…

Guest blog: Jacob Davidsen and Paul McIlvenny on Experiments with Big Video

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Davidsen, Jacob; Mcilvenny, Paul Bruce

2016-01-01

How good are your video records? One angle? Two? Wide-angle? Was the camera static or did you move to catch things – and miss other things? How good was the sound? All of us have occasionally been frustrated with what we find on the screen when we come to analyse it, but Jacob Davidsen and Paul M...

Acceptability of using electronic vending machines to deliver oral rapid HIV self-testing kits: a qualitative study.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sean D Young

Full Text Available Rates of unrecognized HIV infection are significantly higher among Latino and Black men who have sex with men (MSM. Policy makers have proposed that HIV self-testing kits and new methods for delivering self-testing could improve testing uptake among minority MSM. This study sought to conduct qualitative assessments with MSM of color to determine the acceptability of using electronic vending machines to dispense HIV self-testing kits.African American and Latino MSM were recruited using a participant pool from an existing HIV prevention trial on Facebook. If participants expressed interest in using a vending machine to receive an HIV self-testing kit, they were emailed a 4-digit personal identification number (PIN code to retrieve the test from the machine. We followed up with those who had tested to assess their willingness to participate in an interview about their experience.Twelve kits were dispensed and 8 interviews were conducted. In general, participants expressed that the vending machine was an acceptable HIV test delivery method due to its novelty and convenience.Acceptability of this delivery model for HIV testing kits was closely associated with three main factors: credibility, confidentiality, and convenience. Future research is needed to address issues, such as user-induced errors and costs, before scaling up the dispensing method.

Acceptability of using electronic vending machines to deliver oral rapid HIV self-testing kits: a qualitative study.

Science.gov (United States)

Young, Sean D; Daniels, Joseph; Chiu, ChingChe J; Bolan, Robert K; Flynn, Risa P; Kwok, Justin; Klausner, Jeffrey D

2014-01-01

Rates of unrecognized HIV infection are significantly higher among Latino and Black men who have sex with men (MSM). Policy makers have proposed that HIV self-testing kits and new methods for delivering self-testing could improve testing uptake among minority MSM. This study sought to conduct qualitative assessments with MSM of color to determine the acceptability of using electronic vending machines to dispense HIV self-testing kits. African American and Latino MSM were recruited using a participant pool from an existing HIV prevention trial on Facebook. If participants expressed interest in using a vending machine to receive an HIV self-testing kit, they were emailed a 4-digit personal identification number (PIN) code to retrieve the test from the machine. We followed up with those who had tested to assess their willingness to participate in an interview about their experience. Twelve kits were dispensed and 8 interviews were conducted. In general, participants expressed that the vending machine was an acceptable HIV test delivery method due to its novelty and convenience. Acceptability of this delivery model for HIV testing kits was closely associated with three main factors: credibility, confidentiality, and convenience. Future research is needed to address issues, such as user-induced errors and costs, before scaling up the dispensing method.

Survey of physicochemical characteristics and microbial contamination in selected food locally vended in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania.

Science.gov (United States)

Nonga, Hezron Emmanuel; Ngowi, Helena Aminiel; Mdegela, Robinson Hammerthon; Mutakyawa, Eliud; Nyahinga, Gabriel Busungu; William, Robert; Mwadini, Mtumwa Mohd

2015-11-26

Raw milk, raw fruit juice and raw fish are enriched with essential nutrients for human diet but are prone to microbial contamination along the value chain. This cross sectional study was conducted to assess physicochemical characteristics and microbial quality of raw milk, fruit juice and fish from food vendors in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. The physicochemical assessment of food samples was done by smell, colour, presence of debris, turbidity, consistence, pH and clot on alcohol test. Hygiene of food containers, personnel and the vending environment was also assessed. Qualitative and quantitative microbial assessment of food was done using standard laboratory protocols as described by Tanzania Bureau of Standards and International Systems of Standards. Raw milk sold in Morogoro was of poor quality since was adulterated with water, contained sediments and clotted on alcohol test. Up to 63 % of the milk samples were contaminated with Escherichia coli and 60 % had higher total viable count (TVC) than the recommended values. Raw fruit juice was stored in dirty containers and sold under unhygienic environment. Seventy-three percent of juice samples had TVC beyond the recommendations while E. coli contamination rate was 63.3 %. The raw fish samples had started spoiling as depicted through sensory evaluation. E. coli contamination rate was 55 % and that of Campylobacter jejuni was 0.5 %. The mean TVC of raw fish was 8.1 (Log cfu/g) and 96.2 % of the fish samples had TVC beyond the recommended limits of 5.0 Log cfu/g. The physicochemical characteristics of food vended in Morogoro Municipality were of poor quality. The food had high bacterial contaminations. This situation poses health risks to the public and losses to food vendors due to spoilage. Stakeholders in food value chain should be educated on safe production and good hygienic practices. Routine quality and safety assessment of locally vended food, inspection of selling premises and regular health check-up of

Tema 3. Bases del procesado de polímeros

OpenAIRE

Beltrán Rico, Maribel

2011-01-01

En este tema se describen brevemente las técnicas de transformación que se tratarán con mayor detalle en los temas siguientes, así como cada una de las operaciones unitarias comunes a todas las técnicas de transformación.

Cross-Cultural Validation of TEMAS, a Minority Projective Test.

Science.gov (United States)

Costantino, Giuseppe; And Others

The theoretical framework and cross-cultural validation of Tell-Me-A-Story (TEMAS), a projective test developed to measure personality development in ethnic minority children, is presented. The TEMAS test consists of 23 chromatic pictures which incorporate the following characteristics: (1) representation of antithetical concepts which the…

El Debate del cálamo y la espada, de Jacob ben Eleazar de Toledo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alba Cecilia, Amparo

2008-12-01

Full Text Available In this article we offer a Spanish translation with a commentary of the fourth chapter of Sefer ha-Mešalim, a collection of tales written by Jacob ben Eleazar of Toledo (13th century in the style of Maqāmāt; this chapter, known as the Debate between the Pen and the Sword, shows, in an allegorical way, the supremacy of the arts over the arms.En el presente artículo ofrecemos la traducción y el estudio del capítulo cuarto del Sefer ha-Mešalim, colección de cuentos al estilo de las macamas compuesta por Jacob ben Eleazar de Toledo (siglo XIII; este capítulo, conocido como el Debate del cálamo y la espada, expone en forma alegórica la supremacía de las letras sobre las armas.

Derailing healthy choices: an audit of vending machines at train stations in NSW.

Science.gov (United States)

Kelly, Bridget; Flood, Victoria M; Bicego, Cecilia; Yeatman, Heather

2012-04-01

Train stations provide opportunities for food purchases and many consumers are exposed to these venues daily, on their commute to and from work. This study aimed to describe the food environment that commuters are exposed to at train stations in NSW. One hundred train stations were randomly sampled from the Greater Sydney Metropolitan region, representing a range of demographic areas. A purpose-designed instrument was developed to collect information on the availability, promotion and cost of food and beverages in vending machines. Items were classified as high/low in energy according to NSW school canteen criteria. Of the 206 vending machines identified, 84% of slots were stocked with high-energy food and beverages. The most frequently available items were chips and extruded snacks (33%), sugar-sweetened soft drinks (18%), chocolate (12%) and confectionery (10%). High energy foods were consistently cheaper than lower-energy alternatives. Transport sites may cumulatively contribute to excess energy consumption as the items offered are energy dense. Interventions are required to improve train commuters' access to healthy food and beverages.

Bõ Yin Ŕ ja tema looming

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

Lühidalt Bõ Yin Ŕ elust ja loomingust, tema raamatutest : Raamat elavast jumalast. Kuressaare, 2003 ; Raamat õnnest. Kuressaare, 2004 ; Armastuseraamat. Kuressaare, 2003 ; Elu mõte. Kuressaare, 2004

Symposium at CERN in honour of Maurice Jacob on 27th March 1998

CERN Multimedia

Patrice Loïez

1998-01-01

The Jacobfest at CERN was prefaced by a talk by Maurice Jacob's longtime colleague Claude Cohen-Tannoudji of the College de France and Ecole Normale Superieure, who shared the 1997 Nobel Prize with Steven Chu of Stanford and William D. Phillips, of the US National Institute of Standards and Technology, for their development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light.

Tema 5. Comunicaciones y redes. Transparencias. Curso 2012-2013

OpenAIRE

Saiz Noeda, Maximiliano

2012-01-01

TEMA 5. COMUNICACIONES Y REDES. TRANSPARENCIAS. Este tema hace un recorrido por las tecnologías de comunicación entre sistemas electrónicos, los dispositivos y medios de comunicación más comunes, así como Internet como el recurso fundamental de comunicación en nuestra era.

Tema 5. Comunicaciones y Redes. Transparencias. Curso 2010-2011

OpenAIRE

Saiz Noeda, Maximiliano

2010-01-01

TEMA 5. COMUNICACIONES Y REDES. TRANSPARENCIAS. Este tema hace un recorrido por las tecnologías de comunicación entre sistemas electrónicos, los dispositivos y medios de comunicación más comunes, así como Internet como el recurso fundamental de comunicación en nuestra era.

Tema 5. Comunicaciones y Redes. Transparencias. Curso 2011-2012

OpenAIRE

Saiz Noeda, Maximiliano

2011-01-01

TEMA 5. COMUNICACIONES Y REDES. TRANSPARENCIAS. Este tema hace un recorrido por las tecnologías de comunicación entre sistemas electrónicos, los dispositivos y medios de comunicación más comunes, así como Internet como el recurso fundamental de comunicación en nuestra era.

The Association between the Availability of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage in School Vending Machines and Its Consumption among Adolescents in California: A Propensity Score Matching Approach

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Lu

2010-01-01

There is controversy over to what degree banning sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) sales at schools could decrease the SSB intake. This paper uses the adolescent sample of 2005 California Health Interview Survey to estimate the association between the availability of SSB from school vending machines and the amount of SSB consumption. Propensity score stratification and kernel-based propensity score matching are used to address the selection bias issue in cross-sectional data. Propensity score stratification shows that adolescents who had access to SSB through their school vending machines consumed 0.170 more drinks of SSB than those who did not (P vending machines and the actual SSB consumption, while future studies are needed to explore changes in other beverages after SSB becomes less available. PMID:20976298

The association between the availability of sugar-sweetened beverage in school vending machines and its consumption among adolescents in California: a propensity score matching approach.

Science.gov (United States)

Shi, Lu

2010-01-01

There is controversy over to what degree banning sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) sales at schools could decrease the SSB intake. This paper uses the adolescent sample of 2005 California Health Interview Survey to estimate the association between the availability of SSB from school vending machines and the amount of SSB consumption. Propensity score stratification and kernel-based propensity score matching are used to address the selection bias issue in cross-sectional data. Propensity score stratification shows that adolescents who had access to SSB through their school vending machines consumed 0.170 more drinks of SSB than those who did not (P vending machines and the actual SSB consumption, while future studies are needed to explore changes in other beverages after SSB becomes less available.

Adherence to nutritional recommendations in vending machines at secondary schools in Madrid (Spain), 2014-2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Monroy-Parada, Doris Xiomara; Jácome-González, María Luisa; Moya-Geromini, María Ángeles; Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando; Royo-Bordonada, Miguel Ángel

2017-07-13

To describe the nutritional content of products offered in food and drink vending machines at secondary schools in the Madrid Autonomous Community (Spain), and to evaluate these items' adherence to the nutritional recommendations of the National Health System Consensus Document on School Food. Cross-sectional study of a sample of 330 secondary schools in Madrid across the period 2014-2015. Secondary school vending machines were identified by telephone interview. The products offered in a representative sample of six machines were identified by inspection in situ, and their nutritional composition was obtained from the labelling. A total of 94.5% of the 55 products on offer failed to comply with at least one nutritional criterion of the Consensus Document on School Food. The recommendation relating to sugar content registered the highest level of non-compliance, with 52.7% of products, followed by the recommendations relating to energy (47.3%) and fats (45.5%). The mean number of unmet criteria was 2.2, with this figure being higher in foods than in drinks (2.8 versus 1; p <0.01). Almost all the products on display in secondary school vending machines in Madrid were in breach of the Consensus Document on School Food, mainly due to an excess of calories, sugars and fats. Compulsory nutritional criteria and a procedure for monitoring adherence should be established, specifying those responsible for performing this task and the corrective measures to be applied in the event of non-compliance. Copyright © 2017 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Tema. Patrones alimentarios: guías nutricionales

OpenAIRE

Ortiz-Moncada, Rocío

2011-01-01

El objetivo del la presentacion del tema es reconocer las bases de la alimentación saludable de acuerdo a los patrones alimentarios de España, y su relación con la dieta mediterránea. Se espera que al finalizar el tema, los estudiantes tengan la capacidad de analizar la evolución de las guías nutricionales en España desde su aparición teniendo en cuenta las características que debe de llevar una guía alimentaria. Plantear ventajas y limitaciones de las guías alimentarias, y proponer opciones...

Reassessing Jacob Strauss and the Mosaic Code

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Joel McDurmon

2012-01-01

Full Text Available This article reviewed claims made by modern scholars Ford Lewis Battles, G.H. Williams, and Theodore Tappert concerning the views of Jacob Strauss (1480–1530, court preacher at Eisenach, particularly in regard to the imposition of Mosaic Law upon the civil realm. Most pointedly, Battles claims Strauss proposed to replace European civil law completely with the ‘entire Mosaic code’. This study examined Strauss’s relevant writings to determine his position on Mosaic Law and civil law and demonstrated that the claims of Battles, Williams, and Tappert were not supported by the primary source evidence. Selections from Strauss’ 51 theses on usury are translated into English for the first time. To a much lesser degree, this study addressed the issue in regard to the Weimar court preacher Wolfgang Stein, against whom the same claims were made. A paucity of evidence rendered those claims dubious in his case. In the end we were left only with unsubstantiated second-hand claims against these men.

What happens after the implementation of electronic locking devices for adolescents at cigarette vending machines? A natural longitudinal experiment from 2005 to 2009 in Germany.

Science.gov (United States)

Schneider, Sven; Gruber, Johannes; Yamamoto, Shelby; Weidmann, Christian

2011-08-01

As of January 01, 2007, electronic locking devices based on proof of age (electronic cash cards or European driving licenses) were installed on 500,000 cigarette vending machines across Germany to restrict the purchase of cigarettes to those over the age of 16 years. In 2009, the age limit was raised to 18 years. The aim of this study was to compare the number of cigarette vending machines and other commercial sources before and after the enactment of the new law and to examine the association between commercial cigarette sources and area socioeconomic status (SES). We recorded and mapped using Geographical Information System software the total number of commercial cigarette sources in 4 selected districts in the major German city of Cologne. The city was the ideal setting for this study as we were able to use existing sociogeographical data from this area. We compiled a complete inventory of commercial cigarette sources in autumn 2005 and 2009. An interim inventory was also completed in 2007. Between 2005 and 2009, the total number of cigarette sources decreased from 369 to 325 within the study area. Although the most obvious reduction was detected in the number of outdoor vending machines (-44%), the number of indoor vending machines also decreased by 5%. In 2005 as well as in 2009, we found significantly fewer commercial cigarette sources in districts with above-average SES than in districts with below-average SES. Although the number of overall cigarette vending machines decreased, the disparity in distribution of cigarette sources between socially advantaged and disadvantaged areas increased.

How state taxes and policies targeting soda consumption modify the association between school vending machines and student dietary behaviors: a cross-sectional analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Taber, Daniel R; Chriqui, Jamie F; Vuillaume, Renee; Chaloupka, Frank J

2014-01-01

Sodas are widely sold in vending machines and other school venues in the United States, particularly in high school. Research suggests that policy changes have reduced soda access, but the impact of reduced access on consumption is unclear. This study was designed to identify student, environmental, or policy characteristics that modify the associations between school vending machines and student dietary behaviors. Data on school vending machine access and student diet were obtained as part of the National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study (NYPANS) and linked to state-level data on soda taxes, restaurant taxes, and state laws governing the sale of soda in schools. Regression models were used to: 1) estimate associations between vending machine access and soda consumption, fast food consumption, and lunch source, and 2) determine if associations were modified by state soda taxes, restaurant taxes, laws banning in-school soda sales, or student characteristics (race/ethnicity, sex, home food access, weight loss behaviors.). Contrary to the hypothesis, students tended to consume 0.53 fewer servings of soda/week (95% CI: -1.17, 0.11) and consume fast food on 0.24 fewer days/week (95% CI: -0.44, -0.05) if they had in-school access to vending machines. They were also less likely to consume soda daily (23.9% vs. 27.9%, average difference  =  -4.02, 95% CI: -7.28, -0.76). However, these inverse associations were observed primarily among states with lower soda and restaurant tax rates (relative to general food tax rates) and states that did not ban in-school soda sales. Associations did not vary by any student characteristics except for weight loss behaviors. Isolated changes to the school food environment may have unintended consequences unless policymakers incorporate other initiatives designed to discourage overall soda consumption.

How state taxes and policies targeting soda consumption modify the association between school vending machines and student dietary behaviors: a cross-sectional analysis.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel R Taber

Full Text Available Sodas are widely sold in vending machines and other school venues in the United States, particularly in high school. Research suggests that policy changes have reduced soda access, but the impact of reduced access on consumption is unclear. This study was designed to identify student, environmental, or policy characteristics that modify the associations between school vending machines and student dietary behaviors.Data on school vending machine access and student diet were obtained as part of the National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study (NYPANS and linked to state-level data on soda taxes, restaurant taxes, and state laws governing the sale of soda in schools. Regression models were used to: 1 estimate associations between vending machine access and soda consumption, fast food consumption, and lunch source, and 2 determine if associations were modified by state soda taxes, restaurant taxes, laws banning in-school soda sales, or student characteristics (race/ethnicity, sex, home food access, weight loss behaviors..Contrary to the hypothesis, students tended to consume 0.53 fewer servings of soda/week (95% CI: -1.17, 0.11 and consume fast food on 0.24 fewer days/week (95% CI: -0.44, -0.05 if they had in-school access to vending machines. They were also less likely to consume soda daily (23.9% vs. 27.9%, average difference  =  -4.02, 95% CI: -7.28, -0.76. However, these inverse associations were observed primarily among states with lower soda and restaurant tax rates (relative to general food tax rates and states that did not ban in-school soda sales. Associations did not vary by any student characteristics except for weight loss behaviors.Isolated changes to the school food environment may have unintended consequences unless policymakers incorporate other initiatives designed to discourage overall soda consumption.

How State Taxes and Policies Targeting Soda Consumption Modify the Association between School Vending Machines and Student Dietary Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Taber, Daniel R.; Chriqui, Jamie F.; Vuillaume, Renee; Chaloupka, Frank J.

2014-01-01

Background Sodas are widely sold in vending machines and other school venues in the United States, particularly in high school. Research suggests that policy changes have reduced soda access, but the impact of reduced access on consumption is unclear. This study was designed to identify student, environmental, or policy characteristics that modify the associations between school vending machines and student dietary behaviors. Methods Data on school vending machine access and student diet were obtained as part of the National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study (NYPANS) and linked to state-level data on soda taxes, restaurant taxes, and state laws governing the sale of soda in schools. Regression models were used to: 1) estimate associations between vending machine access and soda consumption, fast food consumption, and lunch source, and 2) determine if associations were modified by state soda taxes, restaurant taxes, laws banning in-school soda sales, or student characteristics (race/ethnicity, sex, home food access, weight loss behaviors.) Results Contrary to the hypothesis, students tended to consume 0.53 fewer servings of soda/week (95% CI: -1.17, 0.11) and consume fast food on 0.24 fewer days/week (95% CI: -0.44, -0.05) if they had in-school access to vending machines. They were also less likely to consume soda daily (23.9% vs. 27.9%, average difference = -4.02, 95% CI: -7.28, -0.76). However, these inverse associations were observed primarily among states with lower soda and restaurant tax rates (relative to general food tax rates) and states that did not ban in-school soda sales. Associations did not vary by any student characteristics except for weight loss behaviors. Conclusion Isolated changes to the school food environment may have unintended consequences unless policymakers incorporate other initiatives designed to discourage overall soda consumption. PMID:25083906

Presidendi vend : loobuge maasturist - sellega sõites toetate Iraani valitsust! / Allar Viivik

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Viivik, Allar

2008-01-01

Tallinnas toimunud president Lennart Meri nimelisel konverentsil esines ka president Toomas Hendrik Ilvese vend Andres Ilves, kes juhib BBC pärsia- ja puštukeelsete saadete toimetust. Andres Ilves ütles, et nafta kõrge hind on põhiline, mis Iraani valitsust tugevdab. Konverentsi korraldaja, Rahvusvahelise Kaitseuuringute Keskuse juht Kadri Liik leiab, et A. Ilvest osundati valesti. Eesti tuntud džiibiomanikud oma sõidukitest loobuda ei kavatse

Berlinale karud said jagatud / Lauri Kärk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kärk, Lauri, 1954-

2003-01-01

Beliini 53. filmifestivali Kuldkaru sai briti režissööri Michael Winterbottomi "Siin maailmas" ("In this World"), parima režii Hõbekaru läks prantslasele Patrice Chereaule filmi "Tema vend" ("Son frere") eest. Lisatud tähtsamate auhindade saajate nimekiri

Tallinnas tuleb vangistatud kurdi kaitseks meeleavaldus / Urmas Seaver

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Seaver, Urmas, 1973-

2004-01-01

Loata piiriületuse eest Eestis vahistatud, Tartu vanglas oleva Rootsi kodakondsusega kurdi Hemo Heybett Amedssoni kaitseks kavandavad tema elukaaslane ja vend näljastreiki, et takistada mehe väljasaatmist Türki. Lisa: Türgi nõuab Eestilt kurdi väljaandmist

"Tunnid" tõi Hõbekaru kolmele näitlejannale / Annika Koppel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koppel, Annika

2003-01-01

Beliini 53. filmifestivali Kuldkaru sai briti režissööri Michael Winterbottomi "Siin maailmas" ("In this World"), parima režii Hõbekaru läks prantslasele Patrice Chereaule filmi "Tema vend" ("Son frere") eest. Lisatud tähtsamate auhindade saajate nimekiri

State but not District Nutrition Policies Are Associated with Less Junk Food in Vending Machines and School Stores in US Public Schools

Science.gov (United States)

KUBIK, MARTHA Y.; WALL, MELANIE; SHEN, LIJUAN; NANNEY, MARILYN S.; NELSON, TOBEN F.; LASKA, MELISSA N.; STORY, MARY

2012-01-01

Background Policy that targets the school food environment has been advanced as one way to increase the availability of healthy food at schools and healthy food choice by students. Although both state- and district-level policy initiatives have focused on school nutrition standards, it remains to be seen whether these policies translate into healthy food practices at the school level, where student behavior will be impacted. Objective To examine whether state- and district-level nutrition policies addressing junk food in school vending machines and school stores were associated with less junk food in school vending machines and school stores. Junk food was defined as foods and beverages with low nutrient density that provide calories primarily through fats and added sugars. Design A cross-sectional study design was used to assess self-report data collected by computer-assisted telephone interviews or self-administered mail questionnaires from state-, district-, and school-level respondents participating in the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. The School Health Policies and Programs Study, administered every 6 years since 1994 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is considered the largest, most comprehensive assessment of school health policies and programs in the United States. Subjects/setting A nationally representative sample (n = 563) of public elementary, middle, and high schools was studied. Statistical analysis Logistic regression adjusted for school characteristics, sampling weights, and clustering was used to analyze data. Policies were assessed for strength (required, recommended, neither required nor recommended prohibiting junk food) and whether strength was similar for school vending machines and school stores. Results School vending machines and school stores were more prevalent in high schools (93%) than middle (84%) and elementary (30%) schools. For state policies, elementary schools that required prohibiting junk food

State but not district nutrition policies are associated with less junk food in vending machines and school stores in US public schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Kubik, Martha Y; Wall, Melanie; Shen, Lijuan; Nanney, Marilyn S; Nelson, Toben F; Laska, Melissa N; Story, Mary

2010-07-01

Policy that targets the school food environment has been advanced as one way to increase the availability of healthy food at schools and healthy food choice by students. Although both state- and district-level policy initiatives have focused on school nutrition standards, it remains to be seen whether these policies translate into healthy food practices at the school level, where student behavior will be impacted. To examine whether state- and district-level nutrition policies addressing junk food in school vending machines and school stores were associated with less junk food in school vending machines and school stores. Junk food was defined as foods and beverages with low nutrient density that provide calories primarily through fats and added sugars. A cross-sectional study design was used to assess self-report data collected by computer-assisted telephone interviews or self-administered mail questionnaires from state-, district-, and school-level respondents participating in the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. The School Health Policies and Programs Study, administered every 6 years since 1994 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, is considered the largest, most comprehensive assessment of school health policies and programs in the United States. A nationally representative sample (n=563) of public elementary, middle, and high schools was studied. Logistic regression adjusted for school characteristics, sampling weights, and clustering was used to analyze data. Policies were assessed for strength (required, recommended, neither required nor recommended prohibiting junk food) and whether strength was similar for school vending machines and school stores. School vending machines and school stores were more prevalent in high schools (93%) than middle (84%) and elementary (30%) schools. For state policies, elementary schools that required prohibiting junk food in school vending machines and school stores offered less junk food than

Prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in street vended ready-to-eat meats in Windhoek, Namibia.

Science.gov (United States)

Shiningeni, Daphney; Chimwamurombe, Percy; Shilangale, Renatus; Misihairabgwi, Jane

2018-05-31

To determine the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in street vended ready-to-eat meats in Windhoek, Namibia, a total of 96 street vended ready to eat meat samples were evaluated. Prevalences of 42%, 52%, 15%, 6% and 83% were observed for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella and Enterobacteriaceae respectively, while the highest aerobic plate counts were 7.74 Log 10 cfu/g, 5.67 Log 10 cfu/g, 5.12 Log 10 cfu/g , 4.56 Log 10 cfu/g, 3.3 Log 10 cfu/g, 5.75 Log 10 cfu/g respectively. Unsatisfactory microbial levels were 32% for aerobic plate count, 26% for Enterobacteriaceae, 35% for Escherichia coli, 11% for Listeria monocytogenes, 7% for Staphylococcus aureus and 6% for Shigella. Salmonella was detected in 11% and 40% of samples from two suburbs. The unsatisfactory microbiological quality of some ready-to-eat meats necessitates the provision of training on food safety and hygiene to street vendors for consumer protection. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Colonial Dimensions of Dutch Women's Suffrage : Aletta Jacobs's travel letters from Africa and Asia, 1911-1912

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Bosch, Mineke

1999-01-01

In this article, Mineke Bosch analyzes from a postcolonial perspective the travel letters Aletta Jacobs wrote during the "world suffrage tour" she made with Carrie Chapman Catt from 1911 to 1912. Following the historical assessments of the imperialist dimension of British suffrage feminism at the

Raimond Valgre noorem vend - kes ta oli? : Kuno-Enn Valgre (30.05.1918-02.03.1987) / Valdur Ohmann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ohmann, Valdur, 1958-

2011-01-01

Vastukäivad andmed ärgitasid uurima, kes õigupoolest oli Valgre noorem vend. Kõige ehedamalt annab Enn Valgre sõjaaegse käekäigu edasi ülekuulamisprotokoll 11. novembrist 1944. Ülekuulamisprotokolli tekst

Remote Laboratory Java Server Based on JACOB Project

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pavol Bisták

2011-02-01

Full Text Available Remote laboratories play an important role in the educational process of engineers. This paper deals with the structure of remote laboratories. The principle of the proposed remote laboratory structure is based on the Java server application that communicates with Matlab through the COM technology for the data exchange under the Windows operating system. Java does not support COM directly so the results of the JACOB project are used and modified to cope with this problem. In laboratories for control engineering education a control algorithm usually runs on a PC with Matlab that really controls the real plant. This is the server side described in the paper in details. To demonstrate the possibilities of a remote control a Java client server application is also introduced. It covers communication and offers a user friendly interface for the control of a remote plant and visualization of measured data.

A wild tree toward the north: Jacob Boehme's Theosophical vision of Islam

OpenAIRE

Pietsch Roland

2016-01-01

Jacob Boehme, who was given by his friends the respectful title 'Philosophus Teutonicus', is one of the greatest theosophers and mystics at the beginning of the seventeenth century, whose influence extends to the present day. He was born in 1757 in the village Alt-Seidenberg near Görlitz, in a Protestant family of peasant background. Boehme spent most of his life in Görlitz, as a member of the Cobbler's Guild. His first mystical experience was in 1600, when he contemplated the Byss and the Ab...

Public Smoking Bans, Youth Access Laws, and Cigarette Sales at Vending Machines

OpenAIRE

Kvasnicka, Michael

2010-01-01

Tobacco control policies have proliferated in many countries in recent years, in particular youth access laws and public smoking bans. The effectiveness of youth access laws is still disputed, however, as are the costs of public smoking bans to the hospitality industry. Using a unique data set on cigarette sales at more than 100k vending machines that provides first objective evidence on the outgoing and customer behavior of smokers, we study both outcome dimensions by investigating several r...

School and district wellness councils and availability of low-nutrient, energy-dense vending fare in Minnesota middle and high schools.

Science.gov (United States)

Kubik, Martha Y; Lytle, Leslie A; Farbakhsh, Kian

2011-01-01

The Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 required school districts participating in the federal school meals program to establish by the start of the 2006-2007 school year policies that included nutrition guidelines for all foods sold on school campus during the school day and policy development involving key stakeholders. For many schools, policy development was done by wellness councils. This study examined the association between having a wellness council and availability of low-nutrient, energy-dense foods/beverages in school vending machines following enactment of the federal legislation. In 2006-2007, Minnesota middle (n=35) and high (n=54) school principals reported whether their school and district had a wellness council. Trained research staff observed foods/beverages in vending machines accessible to students. Low-nutrient, energy-dense foods/beverages (snacks >3 g fat or >200 calories/serving, and soda, fruit/sport drinks and reduced-fat/whole milk) were grouped into seven categories (eg, high-fat baked goods) and a food score was calculated. Higher scores indicated more low-nutrient, energy-dense vending fare. Multivariate linear regression, adjusted for school characteristics, was used to examine associations between scores and a three-category council variable (district-only; district and school; no council). Among schools, 53% had district-only councils, 38% district and school councils, and 9% had no council. Schools with both a district and school council had a significantly lower mean food score than schools without councils (P=0.03). The potential of wellness councils to impact availability of low-nutrient, energy-dense vending fare is promising. There may be an added benefit to having both a school and district council. Copyright © 2011 American Dietetic Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Fidel Castro annab teatepulga üle / Krister Paris

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Paris, Krister, 1977-

2008-01-01

Kuuba riigipea Fidel Castro teatas, et ei taotle riiginõukogu ega vägede ülemjuhataja ametikohta. F. Castro järglane on tõenäoliselt tema vend Raul Castro. Lisad: Riik pole muutusteks valmis; Võimuletõus ja tuumasõja lävele jõudmine

Four-year monitoring of foodborne pathogens in raw milk sold by vending machines in Italy.

Science.gov (United States)

Giacometti, Federica; Bonilauri, Paolo; Serraino, Andrea; Peli, Angelo; Amatiste, Simonetta; Arrigoni, Norma; Bianchi, Manila; Bilei, Stefano; Cascone, Giuseppe; Comin, Damiano; Daminelli, Paolo; Decastelli, Lucia; Fustini, Mattia; Mion, Renzo; Petruzzelli, Annalisa; Rosmini, Roberto; Rugna, Gianluca; Tamba, Marco; Tonucci, Franco; Bolzoni, Giuseppe

2013-11-01

Prevalence data were collected from official microbiological records monitoring four selected foodborne pathogens (Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Campylobacter jejuni) in raw milk sold by self-service vending machines in seven Italian regions (60,907 samples from 1,239 vending machines) from 2008 to 2011. Data from samples analyzed by both culture-based and real-time PCR methods were collected in one region. One hundred raw milk consumers in four regions were interviewed while purchasing raw milk from vending machines. One hundred seventy-eight of 60,907 samples were positive for one of the four foodborne pathogens investigated: 18 samples were positive for Salmonella, 83 for L. monocytogenes, 24 for E. coli O157:H7, and 53 for C. jejuni in the seven regions investigated. No significant differences in prevalence were found among regions, but a significant increase in C. jejuni prevalence was observed over the years of the study. A comparison of the two analysis methods revealed that real-time PCR was 2.71 to 9.40 times more sensitive than the culture-based method. Data on consumer habits revealed that some behaviors may enhance the risk of infection linked to raw milk consumption: 37% of consumers did not boil milk before consumption, 93% never used an insulated bag to transport raw milk home, and raw milk was consumed by children younger than 5 years of age. These results emphasize that end-product controls alone are not sufficient to guarantee an adequate level of consumer protection. The beta distribution of positive samples in this study and the data on raw milk consumer habits will be useful for the development of a national quantitative risk assessment of Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157, and C. jejuni infection associated with raw milk consumption.

Raw milk from vending machines: Effects of boiling, microwave treatment, and refrigeration on microbiological quality.

Science.gov (United States)

Tremonte, Patrizio; Tipaldi, Luca; Succi, Mariantonietta; Pannella, Gianfranco; Falasca, Luisa; Capilongo, Valeria; Coppola, Raffaele; Sorrentino, Elena

2014-01-01

In Italy, the sale of raw milk from vending machines has been allowed since 2004. Boiling treatment before its use is mandatory for the consumer, because the raw milk could be an important source of foodborne pathogens. This study fits into this context with the aim to evaluate the microbiological quality of 30 raw milk samples periodically collected (March 2013 to July 2013) from 3 vending machines located in Molise, a region of southern Italy. Milk samples were stored for 72 h at 4 °C and then subjected to different treatments, such as boiling and microwaving, to simulate domestic handling. The results show that all the raw milk samples examined immediately after their collection were affected by high microbial loads, with values very close to or even greater than those acceptable by Italian law. The microbial populations increased during refrigeration, reaching after 72 h values of about 8.0 log cfu/mL for Pseudomonas spp., 6.5 log cfu/mL for yeasts, and up to 4.0 log cfu/mL for Enterobacteriaceae. Boiling treatment, applied after 72 h to refrigerated milk samples, caused complete decontamination, but negatively affected the nutritional quality of the milk, as demonstrated by a drastic reduction of whey proteins. The microwave treatment at 900 W for 75 s produced microbiological decontamination similar to that of boiling, preserving the content in whey proteins of milk. The microbiological characteristics of raw milk observed in this study fully justify the obligation to boil the raw milk from vending machines before consumption. However, this study also showed that domestic boiling causes a drastic reduction in the nutritional value of milk. Microwave treatment could represent a good alternative to boiling, on the condition that the process variables are standardized for safe domestic application. Copyright © 2014 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Rodada Doha: atores, temas e interesses

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marcos Paulo de Araujo Ribeiro

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca realizar uma análise mais profunda acerca da rodada de Doha, recortando seus temas e atores de forma a  analisar, sob a ótica das relações internacionais, os impactos advindos de tal conferência.

Examining the Association Between School Vending Machines and Children's Body Mass Index by Socioeconomic Status.

Science.gov (United States)

O'Hara, Jeffrey K; Haynes-Maslow, Lindsey

2015-01-01

To examine the association between vending machine availability in schools and body mass index (BMI) among subgroups of children based on gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status classifications. First-difference multivariate regressions were estimated using longitudinal fifth- and eighth-grade data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study. The specifications were disaggregated by gender, race/ethnicity, and family socioeconomic status classifications. Vending machine availability had a positive association (P < .10) with BMI among Hispanic male children and low-income Hispanic children. Living in an urban location (P < .05) and hours watching television (P < .05) were also positively associated with BMI for these subgroups. Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program enrollment was negatively associated with BMI for low-income Hispanic students (P < .05). These findings were not statistically significant when using Bonferroni adjusted critical values. The results suggest that the school food environment could reinforce health disparities that exist for Hispanic male children and low-income Hispanic children. Copyright © 2015 Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

RAW MILK AT VENDING MACHINES: EVALUATION OF E. SAKAZAKII, COXIELLA BURNETII AND M. PARATUBERCULOSIS IN PIEDMONT EXPERIENCE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

S. Gallina

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Italian consumers changed their food habits in the last period; the increase of raw milk consuming is also related to the high number of self service vending machines that have been authorized, particularly in Northern Italy. According to national rules on raw milk hygienic conditions, the most important bacteria are checked by Veterinary Services; the aim of this study was to investigate some emerging or re-emerging hazards in raw milk at vending machines. For this reason 100 raw milk samples were collected and analyzed in order to detect E. sakazakii, Coxiella burnetii and M. avium subsp paratuberculosis. One milk sample resulted to be positive with PCR method for E. sakazakii (no cultural confirmation was possible; 49% of samples resulted posivite for the presence of Coxiella burnetii specific DNA, and 5% of milk samples came out positive to the presence of M. paratuberuclosis antibodies with ELISA methods.

The habitual meal and snacking patterns of university students in two countries and their use of vending machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Spanos, D; Hankey, C R

2010-02-01

Dietary patterns and food choices in western and northern European countries can differ from those in countries that surround the Mediterranean basin. However, irregular meal patterns and the consumption of high-energy snacks tend to become common in most countries and their association with the prevalence of obesity has been examined in many studies. The first aim of the present study was to describe the habitual meal and snack intakes, including the use of vending machines, for two groups of first-year university students in two countries of different cultural backgrounds. The second aim was to explore the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and snacking for these two groups. One hundred and sixty first-year undergraduate university students from two defined universities in Greece (n = 80) and Scotland (n = 80) volunteered to complete a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The FFQ comprised 16 questions assessing their meal and snacking habits. Self-assessed height and weight data were collected. The majority of the 160 students reported a BMI in the healthy range (vending machines (P vending machines and the consumption of crisps and low fat yogurts were related to BMI (P < 0.05) for both groups. University students living in different countries report similar dietary patterns but differ in their snacking habits. No relationships were found between BMI and snacking. There is a need to carry out research to further our understanding of this relationship.

Tema 1: HTTP y aplicaciones web

OpenAIRE

Colomina Pardo, Otto; Arques Corrales, Pilar; Montoyo Bojo, Javier

2011-01-01

En este tema se introduce el funcionamiento básico del protocolo HTTP, que es el que se usa en las comunicaciones cliente-servidor en aplicaciones web. Además se hace una introducción a las herramientas y plataformas de desarrollo de aplicaciones web.

USE OF SMARTPHONE’S POSSIBILITIES IN CONSTRUCTION OF LOGISTICS SYSTEM OF VENDING MACHINES

OpenAIRE

STANIS£AW BRZEZIÑSKI; PIOTR STEFAÑCZYK

2013-01-01

Article presents a case study of logistics system implementation based on smartphone’s possibilities. Authors indicate new opportunities, those modern mobile technologies and equipment offer in construction of cheap and integrated logistics systems. Case study shows usage of a smartphone in the system of a vending enterprise’s logistics as an example of integrated and cheap logistics systems and settlements build on revolution of the mobile communication (which is crating by smartphones and t...

Kuninganna Kristiina ning kunungas Karl XI : rootsiaegsed portreed raekojas = Queen Christina and King Karl XI : portraits of the Swedish period in the Town Hall / Pia Ehasalu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ehasalu, Pia, 1964-

2004-01-01

Kuninganna Kristiina portreest lapsena (1638). Arvatav autor: Rootsi tolleaegne õuekunstnik Jacob Heinrich Elbfas või tema töökoda. Rootsi kuninga Karl XI noorpõlveportreest (1670). Autor: Karl XI õuekunstnik David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl (1628-1698)

AS CONSTANTES BARREIRAS ENFRENTADAS PARA ESCOLHA DO TEMA DE TCC

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gabriel Aparecido Zucoloto

2016-11-01

Full Text Available O presente artigo busca analisar quais são as principais dificuldades encontradas na escolha de um tema para Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - TCC. Para resolver este problema de pesquisa, foi necessário levantar as principais dificuldades encontradas por alunos na hora de escolher o tema do TCC. Para tanto, foi aplicado um questionário eletrônico, via Google Docs, como método de coleta de dados, cujo resultado fora tabulado e apontado um resultado estatístico para a pesquisa. O público-alvo da pesquisa foram 130 alunos do curso superior de análise de sistema de uma instituição de ensino público. Com o resultado encontrado a partir dos questionários, nota-se dificuldades como o a inexperiência das normas a serem seguidas para formatação de projetos, além do pouco conhecimento sobre o tema que gostariam de abordar, pode-se apurar que a escolha para um tema pode ser muito difícil levando-se em consideração fatores como conhecimento adquirido durante o curso e tempo para se dedicar ao trabalho.

The Association between the Availability of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage in School Vending Machines and Its Consumption among Adolescents in California: A Propensity Score Matching Approach

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lu Shi

2010-01-01

Full Text Available There is controversy over to what degree banning sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB sales at schools could decrease the SSB intake. This paper uses the adolescent sample of 2005 California Health Interview Survey to estimate the association between the availability of SSB from school vending machines and the amount of SSB consumption. Propensity score stratification and kernel-based propensity score matching are used to address the selection bias issue in cross-sectional data. Propensity score stratification shows that adolescents who had access to SSB through their school vending machines consumed 0.170 more drinks of SSB than those who did not (<.05. Kernel-based propensity score matching shows the SSB consumption difference to be 0.158 on the prior day (<.05. This paper strengthens the evidence for the association between SSB availability via school vending machines and the actual SSB consumption, while future studies are needed to explore changes in other beverages after SSB becomes less available.

An investigation of the association between vending machine confectionery purchase frequency by schoolchildren in the UK and other dietary and lifestyle factors.

Science.gov (United States)

New, Susan A; Livingstone, M Barbara E

2003-08-01

Availability of confectionery from vending machines in secondary schools provides a convenient point of purchase. There is concern that this may lead to 'over-indulgence' and hence an increase in susceptibility to obesity and poor 'dietary quality'. The study objective was to investigate the association between the frequency of consumption of confectionery purchased from vending machines and other sources and related lifestyle factors in adolescent boys and girls. A secondary school-based, cross-sectional study. A total of 504 subjects were investigated (age range 12-15 years), from three schools in southern and northern England. Using a lifestyle questionnaire, frequency of confectionery consumption (CC) from all sources (AS) and vending machines (VM) was recorded for a typical school week. Subjects were categorised into non-consumers, low, medium and high consumers using the following criteria: none, 0 times per week; low, 1-5 times per week; medium, 6-9 times per week; high, 10 times per week or greater. No differences were found in the frequency of CC from AS or VM between those who consumed breakfast and lunch and those who did not. No differences were found in the frequency of fruit and vegetable intake in high VM CC vs. none VM CC groups, or in any of the VM CC groups. Confectionery consumption from AS (but not VM) was found to be higher in subjects who were physically active on the journey to school (Ppurchased from vending machines and 'poor' dietary practice or 'undesirable' lifestyle habits. Findings for total confectionery consumption showed some interesting trends, but the results were not consistent, either for a negative or positive effect.

Informing Physics: Jacob Bekenstein and the Informational Turn in Theoretical Physics

Science.gov (United States)

Belfer, Israel

2014-03-01

In his PhD dissertation in the early 1970s, the Mexican-Israeli theoretical physicist Jacob Bekenstein developed the thermodynamics of black holes using a generalized version of the second law of thermodynamics. This work made it possible for physicists to describe and analyze black holes using information-theoretical concepts. It also helped to transform information theory into a fundamental and foundational concept in theoretical physics. The story of Bekenstein's work—which was initially opposed by many scientists, including Stephen Hawking—highlights the transformation within physics towards an information-oriented scientific mode of theorizing. This "informational turn" amounted to a mild-mannered revolution within physics, revolutionary without being rebellious.

Cross Cultural Validation of TEMAS (Minority Version). A Pluralistic Projective Test.

Science.gov (United States)

Costantino, Giuseppe; And Others

Psychometric research was conducted on the TEMAS (meaning "themes" in Spanish) Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). Personality functioning is rated in terms of constructs such as delay of gratification, achievement motivation, reality testing, and self-concept. The TEMAS test was administered to 140 public and 140 private school students…

Jacob van Zuden and the Early Fourteenth-Century Expansion of the Hospitallers in the Bishopric of Utrecht

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Koorn, F.W.J.; Mol, J.A.

2015-01-01

The protagonist in this paper is Jacob van Zuden, commander of the Hospitaller convent of Utrecht in the first two decades of the fourteenth century. During his administration six new dependent Hospitaller houses were founded in the bishopric of Utrecht, the most important of which was the convent

Integrating International Students into Tertiary Education Using Intercultural Peer-to-Peer Training at Jacobs University Bremen, Germany

Science.gov (United States)

Binder, Nadine; Schreier, Margrit; Kühnen, Ulrich; Kedzior, Karina Karolina

2013-01-01

Increasing internationalization of higher education raises the question of how well institutions prepare their students to integrate into and benefit from cultural diversity on any university campus. The aim of this study was to assess an intercultural peer-to-peer training at Jacobs University Bremen, Germany, that aims to facilitate the…

Reproducibility of ad libitum energy intake with the use of a computerized vending machine system123

Science.gov (United States)

Votruba, Susanne B; Franks, Paul W; Krakoff, Jonathan; Salbe, Arline D

2010-01-01

Background: Accurate assessment of energy intake is difficult but critical for the evaluation of eating behavior and intervention effects. Consequently, methods to assess ad libitum energy intake under controlled conditions have been developed. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the reproducibility of ad libitum energy intake with the use of a computerized vending machine system. Design: Twelve individuals (mean ± SD: 36 ± 8 y old; 41 ± 8% body fat) consumed a weight-maintaining diet for 3 d; subsequently, they self-selected all food with the use of a computerized vending machine system for an additional 3 d. Mean daily energy intake was calculated from the actual weight of foods consumed and expressed as a percentage of weight-maintenance energy needs (%WMEN). Subjects repeated the study multiple times during 2 y. The within-person reproducibility of energy intake was determined through the calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between visits. Results: Daily energy intake for all subjects was 5020 ± 1753 kcal during visit 1 and 4855 ± 1615 kcal during visit 2. There were no significant associations between energy intake and body weight, body mass index, or percentage body fat while subjects used the vending machines, which indicates that intake was not driven by body size or need. Despite overconsumption (%WMEN = 181 ± 57%), the reproducibility of intake between visits, whether expressed as daily energy intake (ICC = 0.90), %WMEN (ICC = 0.86), weight of food consumed (ICC = 0.87), or fat intake (g/d; ICC = 0.87), was highly significant (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Although ad libitum energy intake exceeded %WMEN, the within-person reliability of this intake across multiple visits was high, which makes this a reproducible method for the measurement of ad libitum intake in subjects who reside in a research unit. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00342732. PMID:19923376

Breaking Habits: The Effect of The French Vending Machine Ban on School Snacking and Sugar Intakes

Science.gov (United States)

Capacci, Sara; Mazzocchi, Mario; Shankar, Bhavani

2018-01-01

This paper estimates the effect of the 2005 vending machine ban in French secondary schools on nutrient intakes and on the frequency of morning snacking at school. Using data before and after the ban, and exploiting the discontinuity associated with the age-dependent exposure to the ban, we specify a difference-in-differences regression…

Oscari-kandidaate jälgiv Berlinale on jõudmas lõpusirgele / Annika Koppel

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Koppel, Annika

2003-01-01

Berliini 53. filmifestivali võistlusprogrammis linastunud filmidest - "Tema vend" ("Son frere") : režissöör Patrice Chereau : Prantsusmaa 2003, "Kauged tuled" : režissöör Hans-Christian Schmid : Saksamaa - Poola 2002 ja "Jah, õde! Ei, õde!" : režissöör Pieter Kramers : Holland 2002

New series of cup combination vending machines; Cup combination jido hanbaiki no shin series

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mizutani, K.; Hamamoto, K. [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Yokoyama, K. [Fuji Electric Corporate Research and Development, Ltd., Kanagawa (Japan)

1996-07-10

This paper introduces the cup combination vending machines developed as new series. The point of development is to improve the taste of regular coffee, stabilize the taste of a beverage, design a bright door, improve the sanitary condition, and simplify the operativity. To improve the taste of coffee, coffee beans are ground using a mill in the vending machine and extracted at 95{degree}C by the brewer mechanism based on a forced drip system. A heater is provided in the pipe arrangement so as to keep the temperature of hot water that is an important factor for determining the taste. The taste of a powder beverage is stabilized by a uniform reduction function for first-in first-out that holds the freshness of materials and a high-precision discharge function that reduces the dispersion in discharge. Materials can be uniformly reduced by rotating the pin disk in the mixing part at the top of a canister. The taste of a syrup beverage is stabilized by a new-type carbonator that dissolves CO2 in cold water at a high dissolution rate and high retention rate and an ice quantitative unit that reduces the dispersion in ice discharge. 9 figs., 2 tabs.

Associations between Parental Limits, School Vending Machine Purchases, and Soft Drink Consumption among Kentucky Middle School Students

Science.gov (United States)

Nickelson, Jen; Roseman, Mary G.; Forthofer, Melinda S.

2010-01-01

Objective: To examine associations between parental limits on soft drinks and purchasing soft drinks from school vending machines and consuming soft drinks among middle school students. Design: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the middle school Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Setting: Eight public middle schools in central Kentucky.…

[Paulo Coelho. Zahir ; Jan Kaus. Tema] / Aarne Biin

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Biin, Aarne

2007-01-01

Tutvustus: Coelho, Paulo. Zahir : [romaan] / portugali keelest tõlkinud Anneli Tuulik, [Konstantinos Kavafise luuletuse uuskreeka keelest tõlkinud Mati Sirkel. Tallinn] : Pilgrim Group, 2005 ; Kaus, Jan. Tema : [romaan]. Tallinn : Tuum, 2006

Portree kirjanikust tema sõprade keskel / Aivar Kull

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Kull, Aivar, 1955-

2016-01-01

Arvustus: Kronberg, Janika. Hästi valitud sõbrad : artikleid Ristikivist ja tema kirjanduslikust ümbrusest. Tallinn : Eesti Kirjandusmuuseumi Teaduskirjastus : Karl Ristikivi Selts, 2016 (EKLA töid kirjandusest ja kultuuriloost ; 9)

Julian Assange, Jacob Appelbaum, Andy Müller-Maguhn, Jérémie

OpenAIRE

Boenisch, Gilles

2014-01-01

En 2009, Amnesty International a attribué un prix à Julian Assange, En 2010, il a été nommé homme de l’année par Time Magazine et Le Monde ; Forbes Magazine l’a placé pour la première fois parmi les 68 personnalités les plus influentes au monde. Retranché depuis plus d’un an à l’ambassade d’Équateur qui lui a accordé l’asile politique à Londres, le fondateur de Wikileaks propose un ouvrage, fruit d’un dialogue avec Jacob Appelbaum, Andy Müller-Maguhn et Jérémie Zimmermann, tous très soucieux ...

A Phenomenological Examination of Virtual Game Developers' Experiences Using Jacob's Ladder Pre-Production Design Tactic

Science.gov (United States)

Brown-Turner, Jasmine

2017-01-01

Edutainment refers to curriculum and instruction designed with a clear educational purpose, including multi-faceted virtual learning game design. Tools such as the Jacob's Ladder pre-production design tactic have been developed to ensure that voices of both engineers and educators are heard. However, it is unclear how development team members…

Are School Vending Machines Loaded with Calories and Fat: An Assessment of 106 Middle and High Schools

Science.gov (United States)

Pasch, Keryn E.; Lytle, Leslie A.; Samuelson, Anne C.; Farbakhsh, Kian; Kubik, Martha Y.; Patnode, Carrie D.

2011-01-01

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the extent to which vending offerings in 106 schools in the St. Paul-Minneapolis, Minnesota metropolitan area, met criteria for types of beverages, fat, and calories based on selected criteria offered by the Institute of Medicine. Methods: Schools where youth participants were attending for the…

Safety assessment of street vended juices in Multan-Pakistan: A study on prevalence levels of trace elements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saeed Akhtar

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Street vended juices are most commonly available, accessible and economical nutritional food sources of poor slums in developing economies like Pakistan. Study was undertaken to elucidate impact of industrialization, agro chemicals induction in agronomic practices and food processing hygiene measurements on food chain heavy metals intoxication. If overlooked, certain quality risks associated either with fresh produce or processed commodity might initiate food intoxication.In order to understand gravity of the issue, street vended freshly drawn juices extracted from the food crops (orange, sugarcane, carrot and mango cultivated in Southern Punjab peri-urban areas and country sides were evaluated for microelements and heavy metals load in summer and winter 2012. The safety study of juices depicted higher concentration of lead (Pb and cadmium (Cd breaching international safety limits implemented in the country. However some microelements (Fe, Zn, Mn were found below the prescribed maximum tolerant limits. The study concluded prevalence of higher concentration of some toxic heavy metals as a serious breach of threshold levels potentially compromising consumer’s safety.

Safety assessment of street vended juices in Multan-Pakistan: A study on prevalence levels of trace elements

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Saeed Akhtar

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Street vended juices are most commonly available, accessible and economical nutritional food sources of poor slums in developing economies like Pakistan. Study was undertaken to elucidate impact of industrialization, agro chemicals induction in agronomic practices and food processing hygiene measurements on food chain heavy metals intoxication. If overlooked, certain quality risks associated either with fresh produce or processed commodity might initiate food intoxication.In order to understand gravity of the issue, street vended freshly drawn juices extracted from the food crops (orange, sugarcane, carrot and mango cultivated in Southern Punjab peri-urban areas and country sides were evaluated for microelements and heavy metals load in summer and winter 2012. The safety study of juices depicted higher concentration of lead (Pb and cadmium (Cd breaching international safety limits implemented in the country. However some microelements (Fe, Zn, Mn were found below the prescribed maximum tolerant limits. The study concluded prevalence of higher concentration of some toxic heavy metals as a serious breach of threshold levels potentially compromising consumer’s safety.

Laste ja kunsti nimel / Jaak Lõhmus

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lõhmus, Jaak

2003-01-01

Beliini 53. filmifestivali Kuldkaru sai briti režissööri Michael Winterbottomi "Siin maailmas" ("In this World"), Hõbekaru läks ameerika filmile "Adaptatsioon" ("Adaptation" : režissöör Spike Jonze), parima lavastaja Hõbekaru sai prantslane Patrice Chereau filmi "Tema vend" ("Son frere") eest. Lisatud tähtsamate auhindade saajate nimekiri

Jacob Lorhard's ontology: A 17th century hypertext on the reality and temporality of the world of intelligibles

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Øhrstrøm, P.; Schärfe, H.; Uckelman, S.L.

2008-01-01

Jacob Lorhard published his ontology in 1606. In this work the term ontologia ‘ontology’ was used for the first time ever. In this paper, it is argued that Lorhard’s ontology provides a useful key to the understanding of the early 17th-century world view in Protestant Europe. Among other things,

Quantitative risk assessment of E. coli in street-vended cassava-based delicacies in the Philippines

Science.gov (United States)

Mesias, I. C. P.

2018-01-01

In the Philippines, rootcrop-based food products are gaining popularity in street food trade. However, a number of street-vended food products in the country are reported to be contaminated with E. coli posing possible risk among consumers. In this study, information on quantitative risk assessment of E. coli in street-vended cassava-based delicacies was generated. The assessment started with the prevalence and concentration of E. coli at post production in packages of the cassava-based delicacies. Combase growth predictor was used to trace the microbial population of E. coli in each step of the food chain. The @Risk software package, version 6 (Palisade USA) was used to run the simulations. Scenarios in the post-production to consumption pathway were simulated. The effect was then assessed in relation to exposure to the defined infective dose. In the worst case scenario, a minimum and most likely concentration of 6.3 and 7.8 log CFU of E. coli per serving respectively were observed. The simulation revealed that lowering the temperature in the chain considerably decreased the E. coli concentration prior to consumption and subsequently decreased the percentage of exposure to the infective dose. Exposure to infective dose however was increased with longer lag time from postproduction to consumption.

El Libro Temas Médicos. Tomo XV

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Alberto Albornoz Plata

1996-04-01

Full Text Available

Para presentar a ustedes el Libro Temas Médicos volumen XV, órgano oficial de la Academia, deseo recordar que esta publicación cumple hoy 25 años de existencia ininterrumpida, ya que los tomos I y II fueron publicados en 1970. De esta manera estamos celebrando realmente las “Bodas de Plata” de esta publicación.

Quiero agradecer en la forma más sincera las frases muy amables que me dedica nuestro diligente Presidente de la Academia, doctor Gilberto Rueda Pérez, en el Prólogo.

Una breve historia de Temas Médicos es la siguiente: En 1968 fui elegido Tesorero de la Junta Directiva que presidía el doctor Guillermo Uribe Cuella; el doctor Augusto Gast Galvis era el Vicepresidente y el doctor Héctor Pedraza, Secretario; traía la experiencia de la Sociedad Colombiana de Gastroenterología, en donde fui Editor de los Libros 11/ al XIII de Temas Escogidos de Gastroenterología, que hoy día ya se han publicado hasta el Tomo XXV: hablé directamente con el profesor Uribe Cualla, informándole sobre el interés para que la Academia publicara un libro anual o cada dos años y yo me encargaría de todo: Buscar la financiación y editarlo; acogió muy bien mi idea y así publiqué los Tomos 1 (de 600 páginas y el Tomo 1/ (de 870 páginas; en el Prólogo del Tomo 1 dice el doctor Uribe: “… así que este Volumen que lleva el título de Temas Médicos debe considerarse como la continuación de la Revista Médica que por mucho tiempo editó la Academia y que por razones de diversa índole hace ya un tiempo prolongado no se publica …”. Estos libros fueron publicados en 1970.

En forma progresiva fui el Editor de los Temas siguientes, siendo también Tesorero en la Presidencia de Juan Pablo Llinás; en 1973 se publicó el Tomo VJJ conmemorativo a los cien años de fundada la Academia; posteriorme.nte con la Presidencia de Santiago Triana Cortés, Guillermo Rueda Montaña, César Augusto Pantoja, Hernando Groot, Pablo G�

Tema 4. Extrusión

OpenAIRE

Beltrán Rico, Maribel

2011-01-01

En este tema se profundiza en el procesado de termoplásticos mediante extrusión. En primer lugar se realiza una descripción general del proceso y se describen las principales partes de la máquina así como las especificaciones de diseño. En el tercer apartado se explican con detalle las diferentes funciones que puede realizar una extrusora (transporte de sólidos, fusión, transporte del fundido, mezclado, venteo y conformado). A continuación se propone un modelo simplificado pero de gran utilid...

Condom vending machines stir controversy.

Science.gov (United States)

1999-12-01

This article reports on the public debate on whether condoms should be made publicly available on the streets, in neighborhoods, and in schools, which could trigger discussions about sex in China. Condom vending machines have been installed in China since August 1999, and most regard the installations as a symbol of China's openness and progress, as well as an improvement in livelihood. However, some have objected to the public display and sale of condoms. Some teachers see it as damaging the reputation of the schools. Others suggest that they represent greater tolerance for premarital sex among youths, and a professor of sexual ethics stated that, while breaking the sex taboo is evidence of progress, condoms are a special type of commodity which should not be made available anywhere. In addition to the public debate concerning condoms, the banning of commercials featuring a condom-shaped cartoon character overcoming AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases touched off a debate between reproductive health advocates and government regulators. Reports indicate that the commercial was banned because it contravened the Advertisement Law, which provides that no sex product advertisement be aired or printed in the media. However, Zhang Konglai contended that condoms are not sex products but merely a means for preventing pregnancy and diseases and should be promoted actively. Moreover, Qui Renzong described the government's ban as a mistake and called on them to revise the law.

The origin of the logic of symbolic mathematics Edmund Husserl and Jacob Klein

CERN Document Server

Hopkins, Burt C

2011-01-01

Burt C. Hopkins presents the first in-depth study of the work of Edmund Husserl and Jacob Klein on the philosophical foundations of the logic of modern symbolic mathematics. Accounts of the philosophical origins of formalized concepts-especially mathematical concepts and the process of mathematical abstraction that generates them-have been paramount to the development of phenomenology. Both Husserl and Klein independently concluded that it is impossible to separate the historical origin of the thought that generates the basic concepts of mathematics from their philosophical meanings. Hopkins explores how Husserl and Klein arrived at their conclusion and its philosophical implications for the modern project of formalizing all knowledge.

Safety assessment of street vended juices in Multan-Pakistan: A study on prevalence levels of trace elements

OpenAIRE

Saeed Akhtar; Tariq Ismail; Muhammad Riaz

2015-01-01

Street vended juices are most commonly available, accessible and economical nutritional food sources of poor slums in developing economies like Pakistan. Study was undertaken to elucidate impact of industrialization, agro chemicals induction in agronomic practices and food processing hygiene measurements on food chain heavy metals intoxication. If overlooked, certain quality risks associated either with fresh produce or processed commodity might initiate food intoxication.In order to understa...

Listeria Spp. and Listeria Monocytogenes Contamination in Ready-To-Eat Sandwiches Collected from Vending Machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Cossu, Francesca; Spanu, Carlo; Deidda, Silvia; Mura, Erica; Casti, Daniele; Pala, Carlo; Lamon, Sonia; Spanu, Vincenzo; Ibba, Michela; Marrocu, Elena; Scarano, Christian; Piana, Andrea; De Santis, Enrico Pietro Luigi

2016-04-19

Ready-to-eat (RTE) food is characterised by a long shelf-life at refrigerated temperature and can be consumed as such, without any treatment. The aim of the work was to evaluate the presence of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in RTEs collected from refrigerated vending machines placed in hospital environment and accessible to the hospitalised patients. In 4 different sampling, 55 RTEs were collected from vending machines of six hospitals located in different areas of Sardinia region. All the samples were characterised by similar manufacturing process, such as the use of modified atmosphere packaging and belonged to 5 different producers. Listeria spp. was not countable using the enumeration method in all of the analysed samples. Using the detection method, Listeria spp. was recovered from 9 sandwich samples. Interestingly, 3 of these samples (5.5%) made by the manufacturer, were positive for L. monocytogenes contamination. The risk related to the L. monocytogenes presence in RTEs proportionally increases when food is introduced in susceptible environments , such as hospitals and consumed by susceptible people . Although the RTEs analysed showed values that complied with the European microbiological criteria for foodstuffs, the availability of these products in a susceptible environment should be carefully checked. Therefore, in order to limit the possible exposition to L. monocytogenes , more information on the risk related to RTE consumption should be provided to the hospitalised patients.

Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes contamination in ready-to-eat sandwiches collected from vending machines

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francesca Cossu

2016-05-01

Full Text Available Ready-to-eat (RTE food is characterised by a long shelf-life at refrigerated temperature and can be consumed as such, without any treatment. The aim of the work was to evaluate the presence of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in RTEs collected from refrigerated vending machines placed in hospital environment and accessible to the hospitalised patients. In 4 different sampling, 55 RTEs were collected from vending machines of six hospitals located in different areas of Sardinia region. All the samples were characterised by similar manufacturing process, such as the use of modified atmosphere packaging and belonged to 5 different producers. Listeria spp. was not countable using the enumeration method in all of the analysed samples. Using the detection method, Listeria spp. was recovered from 9 sandwich samples. Interestingly, 3 of these samples (5.5% made by the manufacturer, were positive for L. monocytogenes contamination. The risk related to the L. monocytogenes presence in RTEs proportionally increases when food is introduced in susceptible environments, such as hospitals and consumed by susceptible people. Although the RTEs analysed showed values that complied with the European microbiological criteria for foodstuffs, the availability of these products in a susceptible environment should be carefully checked. Therefore, in order to limit the possible exposition to L. monocytogenes, more information on the risk related to RTE consumption should be provided to the hospitalised patients.

Psychological vulnerability and problem gambling: an application of Durand Jacobs' general theory of addictions to electronic gaming machine playing in Australia.

Science.gov (United States)

McCormick, Jessica; Delfabbro, Paul; Denson, Linley A

2012-12-01

The aim of this study was to conduct an empirical investigation of the validity of Jacobs' (in J Gambl Behav 2:15-31, 1986) general theory of addictions in relation to gambling problems associated with electronic gaming machines (EGM). Regular EGM gamblers (n = 190) completed a series of standardised measures relating to psychological and physiological vulnerability, substance use, dissociative experiences, early childhood trauma and abuse and problem gambling (the Problem Gambling Severity Index). Statistical analysis using structural equation modelling revealed clear relationships between childhood trauma and life stressors and psychological vulnerability, dissociative-like experiences and problem gambling. These findings confirm and extend a previous model validated by Gupta and Derevensky (in J Gambl Stud 14: 17-49, 1998) using an adolescent population. The significance of these findings are discussed for existing pathway models of problem gambling, for Jacobs' theory, and for clinicians engaged in assessment and intervention.

A Review and Critique of the Tell-Me-A-Story (TEMAS) Apperceptive Test.

Science.gov (United States)

Gesek, Glenn J.

The Tell-Me-A-Story Apperceptive Test (TEMAS) is an individual apperceptive test, similar to the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) of personality assessment. The TEMAS is intended for use with children and adolescents ages 5-18 years old, and is marketed as a personality assessment tool for minority, primarily Hispanic and African-American, and…

Healthier choices in an Australian health service: a pre-post audit of an intervention to improve the nutritional value of foods and drinks in vending machines and food outlets.

Science.gov (United States)

Bell, Colin; Pond, Nicole; Davies, Lynda; Francis, Jeryl Lynn; Campbell, Elizabeth; Wiggers, John

2013-11-25

Vending machines and shops located within health care facilities are a source of food and drinks for staff, visitors and outpatients and they have the potential to promote healthy food and drink choices. This paper describes perceptions of parents and managers of health-service located food outlets towards the availability and labelling of healthier food options and the food and drinks offered for sale in health care facilities in Australia. It also describes the impact of an intervention to improve availability and labelling of healthier foods and drinks for sale. Parents (n = 168) and food outlet managers (n = 17) were surveyed. Food and drinks for sale in health-service operated food outlets (n = 5) and vending machines (n = 90) in health care facilities in the Hunter New England region of NSW were audited pre (2007) and post (2010/11) the introduction of policy and associated support to increase the availability of healthier choices. A traffic light system was used to classify foods from least (red) to most healthy choices (green). Almost all (95%) parents and most (65%) food outlet managers thought food outlets on health service sites should have signs clearly showing healthy choices. Parents (90%) also thought all food outlets on health service sites should provide mostly healthy items compared to 47% of managers. The proportion of healthier beverage slots in vending machines increased from 29% to 51% at follow-up and the proportion of machines that labelled healthier drinks increased from 0 to 26%. No outlets labelled healthier items at baseline compared to 4 out of 5 after the intervention. No changes were observed in the availability or labelling of healthier food in vending machines or the availability of healthier food or drinks in food outlets. Baseline availability and labelling of healthier food and beverage choices for sale in health care facilities was poor in spite of the support of parents and outlet managers for such initiatives. The intervention

"Jacob and the Other": in the Light of the Cinema (Apollo.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Armando Escobar

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The relationship between Uruguayan writer Juan Carlos Onetti and the cinema is extensive and. When we analyze one of the many adaptations of his work, we have to consider that it is a relationship of double influence, since our author has also take from the cinema to develop one of the most extensive and essential works of Latin American literature. For this reason, it is increasingly common to find interpretations that propose a cinematic reading of Onetti's work. As part of a similar exercise, we propose to read the story "Jacob and the Other" (1961 in the light of his adaptation to the cinema made by Álvaro Brechner in Un mal día para pescar (2009. In doing so, Onetti's tale obtains new interpretations that can be reached by analyzing it with the eyes of the cinema.

The prevalence of the electrocardiographic J wave in the Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen compared to 10 different dog breeds

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rudling, E. H.; Schlamowitz, Sarah; Pipper, Christian Bressen

2016-01-01

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the prevalence and amplitudes of the electrocardiographic J wave in the Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen compared to 10 other dog breeds. ANIMALS: Electrocardiograms from 206 healthy dogs representing 11 dog breeds were included in the study. Besides Petit Basset Griffon...

Een liefdespaar onthuld: Jacob Adriaensz Backer's zogenoemde 'David en Bathseba' opnieuw geïdentificeerd als 'Isaäk en Rebekka'

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Kok, E.

2011-01-01

Jacob Backer signed and dated (1640) a history piece that until now was entitled David and Bathsheba and is located in Tokyo. The image however, lacks the traditional iconographical motifs from which we can recognize this old biblical story.In this article I propose that the painting is a portrait

Evald Kruut ja tema looming / Merike Pärtel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pärtel, Merike

2006-01-01

Edward Robertsi artiklist 16. juuli Michigani The Morning Sun ajalehes, kus ta tutvustab luuletaja loomingut. 2005. aastal avaldas Kruut kogumiku pealkirjaga "Arrival and Departure: Twenty Poems". Kogumik sisaldab tema enda poolt kirjutatud luulet kui ka tõlkeid neljast erinevast keelest, sealhulgas Marie Underi poeemi "Christmas Greeting 1941" tõlke

The Unseen Déjà-Vu: From Erkki Huhtamo's Topoi to Ken Jacobs' Remakes: Commentary to Edwin Carels "Revisiting Tom Tom: Performative anamnesis and autonomous vision in Ken Jacobs' appropriations of Tom Tom the Piper's Son".

Science.gov (United States)

Strauven, Wanda

2018-01-01

This commentary on Edwin Carels' essay "Revisiting Tom Tom : Performative anamnesis and autonomous vision in Ken Jacobs' appropriations of Tom Tom the Piper's Son " broadens up the media-archaeological framework in which Carels places his text. Notions such as Huhtamo's topos and Zielinski's "deep time" are brought into the discussion in order to point out the difficulty to see what there is to see and to question the position of the viewer in front of experimental films like Tom Tom the Piper's Son and its remakes.

The Scriptural Cantatas "Esther" and "Jacob, et Rachel" of Elisabeth-Claude Jacquet de La Guerre: Historical Context and Performance Practice

Science.gov (United States)

Buckley, Elizabeth M.

2009-01-01

This project explores two sacred cantatas of Elisabeth-Claude Jacquet de La Guerre, "Esther" and "Jacob, et Rachel". The cultural milieu in which the sacred cantatas of Jacquet de La Guerre were written and performed will be discussed, as well as possible venues for their original performances, including the Parisian salon, and…

[Occurrence and typing of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from raw cow's milk collected on farms and from vending machines].

Science.gov (United States)

Gelbícová, T; Karpísková, R

2012-04-01

Evaluation of the incidence and characteristics of L. monocytogenes in samples of raw cow's milk collected on farms (bulk tank milk samples) and from vending machines. Detection of L. monocytogenes and enumeration were carried out according to EN/ISO 11290--1, 2. Strains were characterised by serotyping and macrorestriction analysis using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The presence of L. monocytogenes was detected in 3,2 % (11/346) of bulk tank milk samples and 1,8 % (4/219) samples of raw cow's milk from vending machines. Findings of L. monocytogenes in raw milk were sporadic. Only on one farm strains of L. monocytogenes were detected repeatedly. Thirteen strains of L. monocytogenes belonged to serotype 1/2a, two strains to serotype 1/2b and one to serotype 4b. Macrorestriction analysis revealed considerable heterogeinity of profiles, with nine different pulsotypes being detected. Pulsotype 711 was the most frequent. This pulsotype was found on three different farms. The incidence of L. monocytogenes in raw cow's milk is relatively low in the Czech Republic. The results confirmed that some clones of L. monocytogenes from raw milk are identical with food and human strains.

A wild tree toward the north: Jacob Boehme's Theosophical vision of Islam

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Pietsch Roland

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Jacob Boehme, who was given by his friends the respectful title 'Philosophus Teutonicus', is one of the greatest theosophers and mystics at the beginning of the seventeenth century, whose influence extends to the present day. He was born in 1757 in the village Alt-Seidenberg near Görlitz, in a Protestant family of peasant background. Boehme spent most of his life in Görlitz, as a member of the Cobbler's Guild. His first mystical experience was in 1600, when he contemplated the Byss and the Abyss. Published in 1612, 'Aurora: the Day-Spring (Morgenröte im Aufgang' was Boehme's first attempt to describe his great theosophical vision. It immediately incurred the public condemnation of Görlitz's Protestant Church. He was forbidden to write further. Boehme kept silent for six years and then published 'A Description of the Three Principles of the Divine Essence (Beschreibung der drei Prinzipien göttlichen Wesens' in 1619 and many other works. A large commentary of Genesis, 'Mysterium Magnum' came out in 1623, followed by 'The Way to Christ (Der Weg zu Christo' in 1624. In the same year Jacob Boehme died on November 20th in Görlitz. According to his own self-conception, Boehme's doctrine of divine wisdom (Theo-Sophia is a divine science which was revealed to him in its entirety (see Pietsch: 1999, 205-228. Boehme's extensive works are characterised by continually new approaches to the task of developing the entirety of this vision. Although his writings deeply influenced some of the most significant thinkers such as Gichtel, the Cambridge Platonists, Newton, Leibniz, Blake, Hegel, Schelling, Novalis, Franz von Baader and Berdyaev, many aspects of Boehme's thought have remained unexamined until today. That Boehme's comprehensive approach also necessitated the incorporation of a world religion such as Islam into his view of salvation history (Heilsgeschichte is a point that has not received sufficient attention. This article will summarise and

Taxing soft drinks and restricting access to vending machines to curb child obesity.

Science.gov (United States)

Fletcher, Jason M; Frisvold, David; Tefft, Nathan

2010-05-01

One of the largest drivers of the current obesity epidemic is thought to be excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. Some have proposed vending machine restrictions and taxing soft drinks to curb children's consumption of soft drinks; to a large extent, these policies have not been evaluated empirically. We examine these policies using two nationally representative data sets and find no evidence that, as currently practiced, either is effective at reducing children's weight. We conclude by outlining changes that may increase their effectiveness, such as implementing comprehensive restrictions on access to soft drinks in schools and imposing higher tax rates than are currently in place in many jurisdictions.

Tema 8. Principis físics dels semiconductors (Resum)

OpenAIRE

Beléndez Vázquez, Augusto

2011-01-01

Resum del "Tema 8. Principis físics dels semiconductors" de l'assignatura "Fonaments Físics de l'Enginyeria I" de "Grau en Enginyeria en So i Imatge" impartit a l'Escola Politècnica Superior de la Universitat d'Alacant.

Creutzfeldt-Jacob-disease: The computerized tomogram in relation to clinical, electroencephalographic and neuropathological findings

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zieger, A.; Vonofakos, D.; Vitzthum, H.

1981-12-01

The computerized tomogram (CT) of a senile case of Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease with rapid progress, showed after an initially minor parietal dilatation of the gyri, a volume increase, predominantly on the right side, in the area of the cerebral convexity and a right-preponderant dilatation of the anterior horns. By neuropathologic examination indications for a passed cerebral oedema was found, covering the cortex atrophy, which previously had been detected by CT. Progression and local intensity of the atrophic signs in CT - in combination with clinical and electroencephalographic findings - suggest the existence of a Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and permit its delineation against other atrophying processes.

The Critical Pedagogical Potential of Using Jacob A. Riis' Works about the Immigrant Poor in "Gilded Age" New York

Science.gov (United States)

Templer, Bill

2017-01-01

The article seeks to contribute to working-class and social justice pedagogy by developing concrete angles on teaching/exploring some of the (a) short fiction, (b) journalistic-photographic work and (c) sociography of poverty by the Danish-born US immigrant, muckraker (http://goo.gl/6WeGtM) and social reformer Jacob A. Riis (1849-1914,…

Shevardnadze : hõberebane ja tema kullakallis võim / Kaivo Kopli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kopli, Kaivo

2003-01-01

Võimult lahkuma sunnitud Gruusia presidendi Eduard Shevardnadze poliitikukarjäärist NSV Liidus ja tema tegevusest Gruusias alates 1991. aastast. Kommenteerivad: Arnold Rüütel, Hardo Aasmäe, Merab Beradze

IJUE. Tema 3. Les competències de la Unió Europea

OpenAIRE

Torres Pérez, María

2018-01-01

PowerPoint del Tema 3 de la asignatura "Institucions Jurídiques de la Unió Europea". Curso académico 2017-2018. Tema 3. Les competències de la Unió Europea. 1. L’atribució de competències a la Unió Europea. 2. La delimitació de les competències a la Unió Europea. 3. Els principis que regeixen l’exercici de les competències. 4. L’exercici de les competències de la Unió per “alguns Estats membres”.

Olev ja tema tabamatu süda 1997 : subjektiivne kunstiülevaade / Raoul Kurvitz

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kurvitz, Raoul

1998-01-01

Kunstiaastast 1997. Veneetsia biennaalist, Kasseli documentast, Saaremaa biennaalist, Toomas Vindi raamatust "Lõppematu maastik" ja näitusest "Lõpetamata maastik" Kunstihoones, Toomas Vindi ja Ants Juske tülist, Peeter Linnapi väljapanekust näitusel "Lõpetamata maastik", kontseptuaalse kunsti näitusest Tallinna Kunstihoones, Kiwast, tema personaalnäitusest Tallinnas, Ene-Liis Semperist, tema näitusest "Videoinstallatsioonid" "Vaal"-galeriis.

Cross-Cultural Standardization of TEMAS in Three Hispanic Subcultures.

Science.gov (United States)

Costantino, Giuseppe; And Others

TEMAS is an apperception test depicting Hispanic and Black characters (minority version) or White characters (non-minority version) interacting in urban settings and expressing culturally oriented themes. It is scored for cognitive, affective, and personality functioning. The normative profiles, reliability, and criterion-related validity of TEMAS…

El ferrocarril colombiano: 4 temas recurrentes en la literatura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Luis Márquez

2017-04-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar qué se ha investigado sobre el ferrocarril colombiano y qué temas deberían ser objeto de estudio para comprender mejor el futuro del transporte de carga por ferrocarril en Colombia. El trabajo está basado en una revisión descriptiva de la literatura que permitió identificar 4 temas recurrentes sobre el ferrocarril colombiano: los problemas administrativos del Estado, la competencia con el modo carretero, el transporte del carbón y algunos elementos técnicos como el trazado, la capacidad ferroviaria, la eficiencia, la integración modal y la modelación del transporte. Además de la revisión, que es de gran valor para los tomadores de decisiones sobre comercio internacional, política económica y economía regional, son identificadas temáticas de investigación futura.

The BASC and TEMAS: Convergent Validity or Complementary Measures?

Science.gov (United States)

Flanagan, Rosemary

Accurate personality assessment of youngsters is complex because thorough assessment involves much more than direct assessment of the child. To better understand this challenge, two omnibus instruments for child-personality assessment--the Tell-Me-A-Story (TEMAS) and the Behavior Assessment System for Children Self-Report of Personality (BASC…

tema de responsabilidad social

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Henry Rubiano Daza

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Sin duda alguna el suicidio es un hecho de gran interés para los medios de comunicación por su impacto social. Sin embargo, existe gran preocupación entre la comunidad académica y la masa crítica sobre la forma como se presenta este tipo de noticias, el lenguaje utilizado y el manejo estilístico del hecho, máxime si se tiene en cuenta que los adolescentes y jóvenes son vulnerables a este fenómeno y, lo peor, se desconocen las sugerencias que hacen organismos como la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS. Ante dicha percepción, el grupo de investigación Comdehuila, de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, seccional Neiva, se interesó en investigar y profundizar hasta dónde va la responsabilidad de los medios impresos sobre el manejo periodístico de este tema en el Huila, paso inicial para un gran debate nacional.

‘El Oeste en el Este’: hacia una historia de la Història de Jacob Xalabín

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Lambros Kotsalás

2017-06-01

Full Text Available Resumen: Se trata de una anónima bajomedieval novela catalana de aventuras de trama por lo general oriental. En el subsuelo de dicha obra corre —como queda demonstrado a base de mi investigación del material fuente— la dramática historia de los últimos años de vida del llamado ‘condado’ de La Sola o Sálona catalano-bizantina en la región de Fócida o Fócide de Grecia central ante la invasión otomana (1394.   Palabras clave: Història de Jacob Xalabín, mentalidades catalanes y aragonesas bajomedievales, Romania y La Sálona   Abstract: An adventure romance of a mostly oriental setting written in Catalan by an anonymous author of the Late Middle Ages. As it is clear from my research carried out on the primary sources, under the surface of the literary work in question unfolds the drama of the very last years of the so-called ‘county’ of Catalan-Byzantine Sola, that is, Salona, in the central Greece region of Phocis before the ottoman invasion (1394 Keywords: Història de Jacob Xalabín, late medieval Catalan and Aragonese mentalities, Romania and Salona

Methodology for decision making in environmental restoration after nuclear accidents: temas system (version 2.1)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montero, M.; Moraleda, M.; Claver, F.; Vazquez, C.; Gutierrez, J.

2001-01-01

TEMAS is an user-friendly decision aiding computerised system to help in the selection of the best local strategy of restoration when a post-accidental environmental contamination with long lived radionuclides (''137 Cs and ''90 Sr) must be faced TEMAS provides answer for complex scenarios on whichever place of the European Community territory ( urban agricultural and forest) with different specific levels of contamination, uses and dimensions. The initial version was the result of the TEMAS project (Techniques and Management Strategies for Environmental Restoration) supported by the EU during the 4th Framework Program. Some Aspects of the methodology are at present being improved. This document applies to the computerised version 2.1 (VAZ01). (Author)

Algunos temas de investigación a nivel elemental

OpenAIRE

Takeuchi, Yu

2012-01-01

En algunas ramas de la Ciencia como la Biología, la Geología, etc., no es difícil encontrar temas originales de investigación, por ejemplo;  “ una investigación sobre cierta clase de ranas de tres patas que vive exclusivamente en la Sabana de Bogotá ".

Ready-to-eat street-vended food as a potential vehicle of bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial resistance: An exploratory study in Porto region, Portugal.

Science.gov (United States)

Campos, Joana; Gil, Joana; Mourão, Joana; Peixe, Luísa; Antunes, Patrícia

2015-08-03

The ready-to-eat street vending commerce, as street mobile food vendors, has grown exponentially worldwide, representing in some countries a significant proportion of food consumed by the urban population. However, the microbiological food safety hazards of mobile vending units in industrialized countries are scarcely evaluated. To assess the microbiological quality and safety of this type of food and try to achieve the connection of its contamination with hygienic conditions of food-handlers, we analyzed hotdogs (n = 10), hamburgers (n = 10) and hands (n = 9) from ten street-vending trailers in the Porto region. Food and food-handler samples were tested for Enterobacteriaceae and coliform counts, Escherichia coli and coagulase-positive staphylococci counts/detection and presence of Salmonella. Aerobic mesophilic counts and detection of Listeria monocytogenes (Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis-PFGE and serotyping) were also tested in food samples. E. coli isolates were confirmed by MALDI-TOF and characterized for clonality (phylogenetic groups-PhG, PFGE and Multilocus Sequence Typing), antibiotic resistance (disk diffusion, PCR/sequencing) and intestinal pathogenic virulence factors (PCR/sequencing). All food samples presented poor microbiological quality (100% Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms; 20% E. coli (4 hamburgers, 4 trailers) and 20% (2 hamburgers/2 hotdogs, 3 trailers) were positive for L. monocytogenes (2 PFGE-types belonging to serotype 1/2a and 4b). Salmonella and coagulase-positive staphylococci were not detected. Food-handlers carried Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms (100%), E. coli (11%) and/or coagulase-positive staphylococci (44%). E. coli was detected in 12 samples (n = 30-food/food-handlers; phylogenetic groups A0/A1/B1) with 33% resistant to one or more antibiotics. Two multidrug resistant atypical E. coli pathotype strains (astA-ST165(CC165)/food-handler, eaeA-ST327/food) were detected. Three out of eight E. coli clonal lineages [ST409/ST976(CC10

Mobbing o acoso laboral. Revisión del tema en Colombia

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José G. Carvajal Oroz

2013-06-01

Full Text Available El mobbing se reconoce como una línea de trabajo promisoria y de alto impacto sobre el hombre, las organizaciones y la sociedad. En Latinoamérica y en específico en Colombia, se identifica poco desarrollo de la temática, lo que constituye una debilidad frente a las posibilidades de conocer e intervenir sobre ésta, que se acepta como una realidad creciente en el mundo. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de la revisión y el análisis del tema del mobbing para Colombia. El documento se divide en cuatro partes. En la primera se sintetizan los principales elementos teóricos de la discusión alrededor del mobbing. En la segunda, se revisa la legislación sobre mobbing en Colombia. En la tercera parte, se presenta el análisis de los trabajos que han realizado las comunidades académicas del país sobre el tema. Para terminar, se argumenta sobre el poco desarrollo del tema en Colombia, el predominio de los trabajos teóricos y desde áreas no administrativas. También se encuentra que la heterogeneidad y el bajo número de los trabajos dificulta su comparación, sin embargo, ellos comparten un similar marco de referencia conceptual, empírico y legal

Põhiseaduse preambula : tema tähtsus ja õiguslik loomus / Heinrich Schneider

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Schneider, Heinrich, 1925-2013

1996-01-01

Preambulaga põhiseaduste osa maailma riikide õiguse ajaloolises arengus, preambula sisuelemendid, temas sisalduvad üldregulaatorid, tänapäeva põhiseaduste preambulate karakteristika ning Eesti Vabariigi põhiseaduste preambulate eripära

Monitoring Soil Erosion on a Burned Site in the Mojave-Great Basin Transition Zone: Final Report for the Jacob Fire Site

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Miller, Julianne [DRI; Etyemezian, Vic [DRI; Cablk, Mary E. [DRI; Shillito, Rose [DRI; Shafer, David [DOE Grand Junction, Colorado

2013-06-01

A historic return interval of 100 years for large fires in the U.S. southwestern deserts is being replaced by one where fires may reoccur as frequently as every 20 to 30 years. The shortened return interval, which translates to an increase in fires, has implications for management of Soil Corrective Action Units (CAUs) and Corrective Action Sites (CASs) for which the Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office has responsibility. A series of studies was initiated at uncontaminated analog sites to better understand the possible impacts of erosion and transport by wind and water should contaminated soil sites burn. The first of these studies was undertaken at the Jacob Fire site approximately 12 kilometers (7.5 miles) north of Hiko, Nevada. A lightning-caused fire burned approximately 200 hectares during August 6-8, 2008. The site is representative of a transition between Mojave and Great Basin desert ecoregions on the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS), where the largest number of Soil CAUs/CASs are located. The area that burned at the Jacob Fire site was primarily a Coleogyne ramosissima (blackbrush) and Ephedra nevadensis (Mormon tea) community, also an abundant shrub assemblage in the similar transition zone on the NNSS. This report summarizes three years of measurements after the fire. Seven measurement campaigns at the Jacob Fire site were completed. Measurements were made on burned ridge (upland) and drainage sites, and on burned and unburned sites beneath and between vegetation. A Portable In-Situ Wind Erosion Lab (PI-SWERL) was used to estimate emissions of suspended particles at different wind speeds. Context for these measurements was provided through a meteorological tower that was installed at the Jacob Fire site to obtain local, relevant environmental parameters. Filter samples, collected from the exhaust of the PI-SWERL during measurements, were analyzed for chemical composition. Runoff and water erosion were

Hegel, Rawls e o tema da reconciliação

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Ramos, Cesar Augusto

2007-01-01

Full Text Available O propósito deste artigo é analisar as relações de Rawls com o pensamento político de Hegel - considerado pelo primeiro como um "liberalismo da liberdade" - no que diz respeito ao tema da reconciliação. Primeiramente vamos analisar o conceito hegeliano de reconciliação. Em segundo lugar, procederemos a uma leitura de alguns aspectos da teoria rawlsiana a partir deste conceito para, finalmente, destacar a valorização do mesmo na obra de Rawls. Trata-se, portanto, de verificar de que forma a recepção crítica do tema hegeliano da reconciliação pode estimular um ajuste do liberalismo político às exigências da realidade histórica das sociedades liberais modernas, cobrindo, assim, um déficit do liberalismo político em relação às críticas comunitaristas, sobretudo, a questão do normativismo abstrato

Multicultural Standardization and Validation of TEMAS, a Thematic Apperception Test.

Science.gov (United States)

Costantino, Giuseppe; Malgady, Robert G.

Mental health clinical services research has emphasized the urgency of developing new psychometric instruments for non-biased psychological assessment of minority and non-minority children of diverse cultural groups in the United States. Background multicultural standardization and validation information is presented for Tell-Me-A-Story (TEMAS)--a…

Blindness and visual impairment in an urban West African population: the Tema Eye Survey.

Science.gov (United States)

Budenz, Donald L; Bandi, Jagadeesh R; Barton, Keith; Nolan, Winifred; Herndon, Leon; Whiteside-de Vos, Julia; Hay-Smith, Graham; Kim, Hanna; Tielsch, James

2012-09-01

To determine the prevalence, causes, and risk factors of blindness and visual impairment among persons aged 40 years or older residing in an urban West African location. Population-based, cross-sectional study. A total of 5603 participants residing in Tema, Ghana. Proportionate random cluster sampling was used to select participants aged 40 years or older living in the city of Tema. Presenting distance visual acuity (VA) was measured at 4 and 1 m using a reduced logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution tumbling E chart and then with trial frame based on autorefraction. A screening examination was performed in the field on all participants. Complete clinical examination by an ophthalmologist was performed on participants with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) Tema, Ghana, West Africa. Refractive error is a major cause of blindness and visual impairment in this population, followed by cataract, glaucoma, and corneal disease. Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Hollandi paviljon Hannoveri maailmanäitusel EXPO 2000 : Uus Loodus = Dutch Pavilion at EXPO 2000 in Hannover : New Nature / Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Maas, Winy

2000-01-01

Hollandi paviljon - näide looduse ja tehnoloogia segunemisest. Projekteerija: MVRDV. Arhitektid Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries; kaasa töötasid Stefan Witteman, Jaap van Dijk, Chrisoph Schindler, Kristina Adsersen, Rüdiger Kreiselmayer

Tema 10. Ondas electromagnéticas (Enunciados de los problemas)

OpenAIRE

Beléndez Vázquez, Augusto

1999-01-01

Enunciados de los problemas del Tema 10: "Ondas electromagnéticas" que se imparte en la asignatura "Fundamentos Físicos de la Ingeniería" de primer curso de la titulación de Ingeniero Técnico de Telecomunicación, especialidad Sonido e Imagen, de la Universidad de Alicante.

Temas Controversiales en el TDAH

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Alvaro Franco

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Las personas vinculadas con la atención del "niño hiperactivo" (padres, educadores, clínicos y sistemas de salud, se plantean diferentes orientaciones en relación al Trastorno por Déficit de Atención (TDAH. Convirtiéndose en temas controversiales la existencia o no del trastorno: ¿El TDAH es un trastorno mental o un constructo social?, pero ante la realidad que de una u otra forma existe, ¿Cuál debería ser el tipo de atención del niño en el sistema educativo?: ¿Adaptar el niño con TDAH a la escuela, o el sistema escolar a los niños con dificultades? Y, para finalizar, se discute el punto de mayor debate: ¿Medicación, Usar o no Usar?… he aquí la cuestión.

Radioactivity concentrations and their radiological significance in sediments of the Tema Harbour (Greater Accra, Ghana)

OpenAIRE

Benjamin O. Botwe; Antonio Schirone; Ivana Delbono; Mattia Barsanti; Roberta Delfanti; Peter Kelderman; Elvis Nyarko; Piet N.L. Lens

2017-01-01

Studies on environmental radioactivity in tropical Africa are scarce. Therefore, a baseline study of natural (238U, 210Pb, 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra, 228Th, 40K) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclides was carried out on Tema Harbour (Greater Accra, Ghana) surface sediments and on their radiological significance. Grab surface sediment samples were collected from 21 stations within the Tema Harbour and their radioactivity concentrations measured by gamma spectrometry. The mean sediment radioactivity...

JANE JACOBS. “MUERTE Y VIDA DE LAS GRANDES CIUDADES”

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José Altés Bustelo

2011-05-01

Full Text Available La primera edición de este libro apareció en 1961 en Nueva York. (Random House Inc. Edit.. Y la primera traducción en castellano, de Angel Abad, apareció en España sorprendentemente pronto, en enero de 1967, editada por Península. (Ediciones 62, Barcelona.El texto de Jane Jacobs se inicia con su ya famosa frase: "Este libro es un ataque contra las teorías más usuales sobre urbanización y reconstrucción de ciudades,..." advertencia insólita, aunque innecesaria si uno continua leyendo.Fruto de la experiencia directa, atenta, sensible, perspicaz, abierta a la observación y marcada por el amor y compromiso con su ciudad, Nueva York, y sus convecinos, y contrastada con minuciosos análisis en múltiples otras ciudades, J.J. nos desgrana una extensa cadena de reflexiones sobre la experiencia vivida de la realidad cotidiana en las distintas escalas de la ciudad: calle, barriada, distrito, sus límites y fronteras, parques y vacíos, comunicaciones, etc., y la constatación detallada del fracaso, siempre, en la acción de políticos, planificadores y arquitectos

Consumer Nutrition Environments of Hospitals: An Exploratory Analysis Using the Hospital Nutrition Environment Scan for Cafeterias, Vending Machines, and Gift Shops, 2012

Science.gov (United States)

Sallis, James F.; Swartz, Michael D.; Hoelscher, Deanna M.; Peskin, Melissa F.

2013-01-01

Introduction Hospitals are the primary worksite of over 5 million adults in the United States, and millions of meals are procured and consumed in this setting. Because many worksite nutrition initiatives use an ecological framework to improve the dietary habits of employees, the nutrition values of foods served in hospitals is receiving attention. Methods This study used the Hospital Nutrition Environment Scan for Cafeterias, Vending Machines, and Gift Shops to quantitatively describe the consumer nutrition environments of 39 hospitals in Southern California. Data were collected by visiting each facility once from February 2012 through May 2012. Results On average, hospitals achieved only 29%, 33%, and less than 1% of the total possible points for their cafeteria, vending machines, and gift shops sections, respectively; overall, hospitals scored 25% of the total possible points. Large facility size and contracted food service operations were associated with some healthy practices in hospital cafeterias, but we found no association between these variables and the sectional or overall nutrition composite scores. Conclusion The average consumer nutrition environment of hospitals in this sample was minimally conducive to healthful eating. Nutrition-related interventions are warranted in hospital settings. PMID:23823699

Consumer nutrition environments of hospitals: an exploratory analysis using the Hospital Nutrition Environment Scan for Cafeterias, Vending Machines, and Gift Shops, 2012.

Science.gov (United States)

Winston, Courtney P; Sallis, James F; Swartz, Michael D; Hoelscher, Deanna M; Peskin, Melissa F

2013-07-03

Hospitals are the primary worksite of over 5 million adults in the United States, and millions of meals are procured and consumed in this setting. Because many worksite nutrition initiatives use an ecological framework to improve the dietary habits of employees, the nutrition values of foods served in hospitals is receiving attention. This study used the Hospital Nutrition Environment Scan for Cafeterias, Vending Machines, and Gift Shops to quantitatively describe the consumer nutrition environments of 39 hospitals in Southern California. Data were collected by visiting each facility once from February 2012 through May 2012. On average, hospitals achieved only 29%, 33%, and less than 1% of the total possible points for their cafeteria, vending machines, and gift shops sections, respectively; overall, hospitals scored 25% of the total possible points. Large facility size and contracted food service operations were associated with some healthy practices in hospital cafeterias, but we found no association between these variables and the sectional or overall nutrition composite scores. The average consumer nutrition environment of hospitals in this sample was minimally conducive to healthful eating. Nutrition-related interventions are warranted in hospital settings.

Kirjanik Truman Capote ja tema teosed valgel linal / Aare Ermel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ermel, Aare, 1957-2013

2006-01-01

Ameerika kirjanik Truman Capote (1924-1984) oli stsenarist viiele filmile. Tema kaks romaani on aluseks filmidele "Külmavereliselt" (RIchard Brooks, 1967) ja "Hommikueine Tiffany juures" (Blake Edwards, 1961). Edukas on mängufilm kirjanikust "Capote" : režissöör Bennett Miller : kirjanik Truman Capote' rollis Philip Seymour Hoffman : Ameerika Ühendriigid - Kanada 2005

O Tema da Imigração na Sociologia Clássica

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Márcio de Oliveira

2014-03-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo investiga el lugar y el papel del tema de la inmigración en la sociología clásica a partir del análisis de la obra de los "fundadores de la sociología", Karl Marx, Max Weber y Émile Durkheim. Analiza en seguida la obra de Georg Simmel y de los representantes de la denominada Escuela de Chicago. Al revisitar cada uno de estos autores y analizar especialmente otros de la corriente marxista, nos debruzamos sobre el contexto y las obras donde el tema se trató de forma directa o tangencial. Los clásicos fueron sensibles al tema y la aparente contradicción entre la importancia histórica del fenómeno de las migraciones internacionales y el pequeño espacio que se le dedicó directamente - sobre todo en el caso de Marx, Durkheim y Weber - no debe esconder el papel que desempeñó en sus obras, aún hoy mal dimensionado. La explicación a ello debe buscarse en el carácter transversal del fenómeno, en las perspectivas teóricas adoptadas y en el hecho de la sociología de la (inmigración haberse desarrollado inicialmente en el continente americano.

Assessment of physicochemical characteristics and hygienic practices along the value chain of raw fruit juice vended in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania.

Science.gov (United States)

Nonga, Hezron E; Simforian, Edeltruds A; Ndabikunze, Bernadette K

2014-10-01

Fresh fruit juice is an essential component of human diet and there is considerable evidence of health and nutritional benefits. However, nature of the fruits used in juicing and unhygienic processes in the value chain may cause poor quality of juice. This cross- sectional study was conducted to assess physicochemical characteristics and hygienic practices along the value chain of raw fruit juice vended in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. A total of 90 juice vendors were interviewed. Ninety juice samples were collected and analysed for physicochemical quality. The pH of juices ranged between 2.7 and 6.4, acidity 0.01% and 1.3% and, total soluble solids ranged between -1.5 and 18.04 °Brix. Most juices (67.8%) had -Brix levels below Codex recommended values classified as weak and watery. Juices were made of mango, passion, tamarind, sugar cane and mixture of these fruits sourced from open markets in the city. Water for washing of fruits and dilution of juices was from deep wells (53.3%) and taps (46.7%). About one third (37.8%) of the juice vendors didn't wash the fruits before juicing and 44.4% didn't boil water for juice dilution. Juice extraction was done by kitchen blenders, boiling in water and squeezing by simple machines. Juice pasteurization was not done. The majority of vendors (78.9%) stored juices in plastic buckets and juice was sold in glass cups, reused plastic bottles and disposable cups. Vending sites were restaurants, bus stands and along roadsides. The majority of premises (78.9%) were in unhygienic condition that likely encouraged or introduced contaminants to the juices. It is concluded that, the overall handling, preparation practices and physicochemical quality of raw fruit juices vended in Dare es Salaam City are poor. The government should educate the vendors on food safety and hygiene as well as enforcing regular monitoring of the quality of street fruit juices.

Microbiological evaluation of hot beverages dispensed by vending machines from the Army barracks of Brigata Meccanizzata Aosta located in Messina

OpenAIRE

Chiara Beninati; Daniele Muscolino; Antonio Panebianco; Alessandro Giuffrida; Filippo Giarratana; Attilio Longo

2013-01-01

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of hot beverages dispensed by vending machines (VMs). The study was carried out on 203 samples from 15 VMs located in 5 Army barracks in Messina. The samples included: water used for preparation of beverages, swab of water tank, swab of blender machine, chocolate powder, milk powder, cappuccino and chocolate drink (29 samples for each types). All samples were examined for total bacterial count (TBC), coliforms, Escherich...

Temas Bibliotecológicos : No. II La Bibliografía

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Armando Moreno Mattos

1982-01-01

Full Text Available En esta oportunidad y para continuar con los temas bibliotecológicos, entregamos a nuestros lectores, el No II dedicado a la Bibliografia, como auxiliar indispensable en la elaboración de cualquier estudio serio y técnico, ya sea en los campos cientificos, literarios, históricos, económicos, demográficos, etc.

Industrial Pollution in Ghana: Some Selected Case Studies of Industries in Tema

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Taylor, Nora Priscilla Ama Kuma

1999-09-01

Waste waters from eight selected industries namely Tema Oil Refinery, Tuyee Manufacturing Industries, Cocoa Processing Company, Tema Lube Oil Company Limited, Pioneer Food Cannery Limited, Bridal Trust Paints Company Limited, Ghana Textiles Manufacturing Company and Ghana Textiles Printing Company Limited were sampled and subjected to various physico-chemical and trace metal analysis to determine levels of pollutants, using standard methods of WHO, AO AC and APHA. Generally, the ROD values were found to be high for all the industries. Some other parameter levels were significantly high enough for the individual industries to deserve attention. Generally, the results seem to suggest that these industries sited in Tema, are likely contributors to the high degree of pollution of the Chemu and Gao Lagoons which have been reported by various workers as being highly polluted. Consequent to the results obtained, an attempt was made to treat the wastewaters. Thus wastewaters of three of these major industries Ghana Textiles Manufacturing Company. Pioneer Food Cannery Company Limited and Tema Lube Oil Company Limited, representing the textile, food and petroleum-based industries in the Tema industrial area of Ghana were subjected to various physical and chemical treatments using mainly local materials, to try and reduce the levels of pollutants detected in the earlier investigations. Sedimentation, filtration using paper and sea-sand and adsorption using charcoals prepared from dried coconut husks and palm kernel husks as well as industrially prepared activated charcoal as adsorbents, were some of the physical methods used whilst chemical precipitation and oxidation-reduction were the chemical methods used to bring about the desired results. Six different naturally occurring soil samples from Ankaful, Ekon and Elmina in the Central Region, Asokwa in the Ashanti Region, Bokazo in the Western Region and Somanya in the Eastern Region were also used to obtain some levels of

Attributing Authorship in the Noisy Digitized Correspondence of Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm

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Greta Franzini

2018-04-01

Full Text Available This article presents the results of a multidisciplinary project aimed at better understanding the impact of different digitization strategies in computational text analysis. More specifically, it describes an effort to automatically discern the authorship of Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in a body of uncorrected correspondence processed by HTR (Handwritten Text Recognition and OCR (Optical Character Recognition, reporting on the effect this noise has on the analyses necessary to computationally identify the different writing style of the two brothers. In summary, our findings show that OCR digitization serves as a reliable proxy for the more painstaking process of manual digitization, at least when it comes to authorship attribution. Our results suggest that attribution is viable even when using training and test sets from different digitization pipelines. With regards to HTR, this research demonstrates that even though automated transcription significantly increases the risk of text misclassification when compared to OCR, a cleanliness above ≈ 20% is already sufficient to achieve a higher-than-chance probability of correct binary attribution.

Temas ambientais como "temas geradores": contribuições para uma metodologia educativa ambiental crítica, transformadora e emancipatória Environmental issues as generating issues: contributions to a critical, transforming and emancipating environmental educating methodology

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marília Freitas de Campos Tozoni-Reis

2006-06-01

Full Text Available A educação ambiental crítica e emancipatória exige que os conhecimentos sejam apropriados, construídos, de forma dinâmica, coletiva, cooperativa, contínua, interdisciplinar, democrática e participativa, voltados para a construção de sociedades sustentáveis. Este artigo trata dos temas ambientais como temas geradores para a educação ambiental, inspirados na pedagogia Paulo Freire, para quem educar é um ato de conhecimento da realidade concreta, das situações vividas, um processo de aproximação crítica da própria realidade: compreender, refletir, criticar e agir são as ações pedagógicas pretendidas. Os temas geradores são, portanto, estratégias metodológicas de um processo de conscientização da realidade opressora vivida nas sociedades desiguais; são o ponto de partida para o processo de construção da descoberta, e, por emergir do saber popular, os temas geradores são extraídos da prática de vida dos educandos, substituindo os conteúdos tradicionais e buscados através da pesquisa do universo dos educandos. O caráter político da pedagogia freireana faz-se presente, de forma radical, nos temas geradores, isto é, temas geradores só são geradores de ação-reflexão-ação se forem carregados de conteúdos sociais e políticos com significado concreto para a vida dos educandos. Assim, as propostas educativas ambientais conscientizadoras podem tomar os temas ambientais locais como temas geradores desta ação conscientizadora, desde que estes temas contenham conteúdos socioambientais significativos para os educandos e sejam definidos coletiva e participativamente.The emancipating and critical environmental education demands that knowledge must be adequate, build up in a dynamic, collective, cooperating, continuous, interdisciplinary, democratic and participating way directed to the construction of self-maintaining societies. This paper deals with environmental issues as generating issues for an environmental

Spread of `Eco-vendor`, an energy-saving type automatic vending machine for beverages with a peak cut function; Shoenegata seiryo inryoyo jido hanbaiki (peak cut kino tsuki) `eko benda` no fukyu ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-05-01

`Eco-vendor`, an energy-saving type automatic vending machine for beverages with a peak cut function has been developed in 1995 through cooperation by Tokyo Electric Power Company, Coca-Cola Japan, and Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. It can cut 90 percent of the power consumption during 13:00 to 16:00 on weekdays in summer, and can save 10 to 15 percent of annual power consumption. Since the heat insulation performance has been improved to keep beverages at the set temperature during the peak cut operation, the energy-saving effect for cold products in summer and for hot products in winter has been enhanced. For the manufacturing of `Eco-vendor`, Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. has offered its technical know-how to five manufacturers of automatic vending machine for beverages without compensation, and each manufacturer has accepted the offer. Electric power companies of Japan have cooperated to pay incident of 10,000 yen per an `Eco-vendor` to the manufacturers. Japan`s automatic vending machine industries and nationwide beverage industries have positively cooperated. Consequently, Tokyo Electric Power Company has successfully spread 2,600 machines up to the end of fiscal 1995, and aims at the spread of 16,000 machines in fiscal 1996. 2 figs.

Despenalización del aborto y nuevo proyecto constitucional: un tema polémico

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Paula Castello Starkoff

2008-09-01

Full Text Available En contraste con el proceso constituyente de 1998, el aborto ha estado muy presente en los debates generados en el marco de la Asamblea Constituyente actual y ha sido uno de los temas con más eco mediático. Este artículo revisa algunos de los momentos más destacados en la discusión del tema a lo largo de los últimos años con el fin de mostrar quiénes han participado en el debate, de qué manera y cuáles han sido las respuestas levantadas.

TECNOLOGIA ASSISTIVA – UMA REVISÃO DO TEMA

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Patrícia Rocha Rodrigues

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar a necessidade de ampliação das discussões a respeito da Tecnologia Assistiva, nos diversos espaços acadêmicos e sociais. Para isso, faz uma revisão sobre o tema, destacando os fatores que têm contribuído para sua emergência na atualidade, bem como a evolução conceitual que tem sofrido e as relações que se estabelecem com as Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação.

Food Environment in Secondary Schools: À La Carte, Vending Machines, and Food Policies and Practices

Science.gov (United States)

French, Simone A.; Story, Mary; Fulkerson, Jayne A.; Gerlach, Anne Faricy

2003-01-01

Objectives. This study described the food environment in 20 Minnesota secondary schools. Methods. Data were collected on school food policies and the availability and nutritional content of foods in school à la carte (ALC) areas and vending machines (VMs). Results. Approximately 36% and 35% of foods in ALC areas and in VMs, respectively, met the lower-fat criterion (≤ 5.5 fat grams/serving). The chips/crackers category constituted the largest share of ALC foods (11.5%). The median number of VMs per school was 12 (4 soft drink, 2 snack, 5 other). Few school food policies were reported. Conclusions. The availability of healthful foods and beverages in schools as well as school food policies that foster healthful food choices among students needs greater attention. PMID:12835203

Implementing the new radiological protection criteria into the decision support system for environmental restoration after nuclear accidents, TEMAS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Montero, M.; Vazquez, C.; Moraleda, M.

2003-01-01

Full text: A conceptual decision system implemented as help decision tool that can contribute to the management and rehabilitation of contaminated areas is presented. The first version of the tool was developed in the TEMAS PROJECT. The TEMAS project (Techniques and Management Strategies for Environmental Restoration and Their Ecological Consequences), was assembled into an Association Contract (FI4PCT95-0021 with the European Atomic Energy Community in the frame of 4 o FP of the UE, and whose objectives were concentrated on the development of techniques and management strategies for environmental remediation after contamination of landscapes or sites with radioactive substances. The main result of the project was the development of a user-friendly decision-aiding computerized system (TEMAS DSS) able to select the best local strategy of restoration when a post-accidental environmental contamination with long lived radionuclides (caesium and strontium) must be faced. TEMAS provides answer for complex scenarios including urban, agricultural and forest ecosystems in the frame of the European Community with different levels of contamination, uses and dimensions. The TEMAS system is organized in two modules, the first to evaluate the radiological impact from the scenario on the affected population, the second to decide the best strategy to control the risk sources. The evaluation methodology breaks down the contaminated scenario into a set of elemental units for restoration taken into account the applicability of the intervention options in terms of practicability, radiological efficiency, cost and secondary effects. Each unit is considered as an individual source of risk and is associated to different applicable countermeasures. Radiecological models describing fluxes of radioactivity from each elemental unit through its associated pathways (e.g. soil, plant, animals to consumption products) and dose models evaluating radiological impact to the population from external

Marco para el análisis del tema ecológico en la literatura venezolana

OpenAIRE

María De los Ángeles Martín Hernández

2016-01-01

El propósito del artículo es sistematizar las premisas teóricas que constituyen la base fundamental para el abordaje analítico de los textos literarios con tema ecológico. Se conjugan y sintetizan los planteamientos hallados en la revisión bibliográfica realizada, relacionados con definiciones y caracterizaciones de la vinculación actividad literaria-tema ecológico en el contexto venezolano; se organizan consideraciones que explican la adopción del adjetivo “ecológico” y las vinculaciones eco...

OFICINA DE ORIGAMI: ATIVIDADE DESENVOLVIDA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL A PARTIR DO TEMA OLIMPÍADAS

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Joyce dos Santos Vieira

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Utilizar diferentes metodologias e ferramentas em sala de aula exige do professor conhecimento e interesse por propiciarem um estímulo no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida uma oficina de origami para uma turma do 6º Ano do Ensino Fundamental da E.E.E.F.M. ”Professor Pedro Simão” no município de Alegre-ES. O objetivo da mesma foi confeccionar/representar alguns animais e plantas da fauna e flora brasileira para compor uma maquete para o projeto da escola com o tema das olimpíadas. A oficina foi realizada em três aulas com a confecção dos modelos de uma borboleta, um macaco e da flor vinca Catharanthus roseus, abordando a sustentabilidade e a preservação ambiental, ambos os temas relacionados às olimpíadas. A participação e o empenho dos alunos foram surpreendentes, evidenciando que atividades diferenciadas podem aproximar o aluno de qualquer tema que o professor queira abordar, quando trabalhado de forma contextualizada, propiciando uma interação entre alunos e professores.

Meie hõimuvelled Kremlist : Rjurik ja tema järglased / Heiki Suurkask

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Suurkask, Heiki, 1972-

2010-01-01

Varjaagide pealiku ja Novgorodi valitseja Rjuriku ning tema järglaste Rjurikovitšide sugupuu võimalikust soomeugri päritolust. Elus olevatelt Rjurikovitšidel võetud DNA-proovid viitavad, et nad kannavad läänepoolsetele soomeugrilastele omaseid geene

A base de dados Scielo como fonte para pesquisas sobre o tema vacinação

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Viviane Moreira Alves

2006-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo desse estudo foi realizar um levantamento dos artigos publicados e disponíveis para a pesquisa na base de dados SCIELO sobre o tema vacinação. O estudo foi de caráter descritivo, baseado na consulta à base de dados SCIELO, onde buscamos os artigos que tinham associação com o tema escolhido. Foram encontrados 217 artigos e destes, após lidos, 87 foram selecionados. As categorias criadas foram: estudos experimentais, estudos bibliográficos e outros. As categorias “Estudos experimentais” e “Estudos bibliográficos” foram divididas em três subcategorias nomeadas de forma homônima em eficácia de vacinas, biotecnologia e prevenção. Concluímos que a pesquisa apontou temas de caráter bastante diversificado, com muitos trabalhos referentes a estudos experimentais.

TEMA-DOE annual report, July 1, 1997--June 30, 1998

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

The Tennessee Emergency Management Agency (TEMA) will develop off-site Multi-Jurisdictional Emergency Response Plans (MJERPs) in coordination with Federal, State, and local agencies. The MJERPs will describe actions to minimize the risks to the citizens of Tennessee as a result of an off-site release of hazardous material from the DOE Oak Ridge Reservation. This report describes actions made during each quarter of the year.

Tema 3. Inducción electromagnética (Resumen) (Curso 2010-2011)

OpenAIRE

Alvarez, Mariela L.; Beléndez, Augusto; Hernández Prados, Antonio

2011-01-01

Resumen del "Tema 3. Inducción electromagnética" de la asignatura Fundamentos Físicos de la Ingeniería II del Grado en Ingeniería en Sonido e Imagen que se imparte en la Escuela Politécnica Superior.

Simpósio de Geoarqueologia: temas abordados e resultados

OpenAIRE

Silva, Rosiclér Theodoro da; Tizuka, Michelle Mayumi; López, Carlos E.; Favier-Dubois, Cristian M.; Kashimoto, Emília Mariko; Rubin, Julio Cezar Rubin de; Brochier, Laercio Loiola; Barberi, Maira; Rodet, Maria Jacqueline; Afonso, Marisa Coutinho; Cano, Martha Cecilia; Santos, Nicali Bleyer Ferreira dos; Kipnis, Renato; Tatumi, Sonia Hatsui

2015-01-01

Resumo: o Simpósio de Geoarqueologia da VI TAAS, coordenado por Rosiclér Theodoro da Silva e Michelle Mayumi Tizuka contou com a apresentação de nove trabalhos de pesquisadores do Brasil, Argentina e Colômbia. Este artigo trata de uma síntese dos temas abordados incluídos em: arqueologia e eventos climáticos, arqueologia e regiões costeiras, arqueologia da paisagem, arqueoestratigrafia, geoarqueologia de sistemas fluviais, arqueologia e vulcanismo. Seu objetivo principal é d...

Analysis of the bioclimatic strategies used by Frank Lloyd Wright in the Jacobs I house

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M. Beltrán-Fernández

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Frank Lloyd Wright is considered one of the most influential architects of modern architecture due to the spatial and aesthetic qualities of his work. However, the importance of Wright’s construction and environmental solutions has been usually overlooked. In order to evaluate these qualities, the first house that Wright designed for the Jacobs family (Wisconsin, USA, 1937 has been analyzed. This well-known building has been much studied, and its architectural value much celebrated, but without analysing the advantages of the bioclimatic principles over interior environment. But how can the influence of this bioclimatic architecture be measured in terms of thermal comfort? Does the selected orientation improve interior comfort? And what about the natural ventilation or the deep overhangs? In order to assess this, a digital model for energy simulation has been built using Revit and Design Builder.

Diffusively cooled thin-sheath high-repetition-rate TEA and TEMA lasers

Science.gov (United States)

Yatsiv, Shaul; Gabay, Amnon; Sintov, Yoav

1993-05-01

Transverse electric atmospheric (TEA), or multi atmospheric (TEMA) lasers deliver intense short laser pulses of considerable energies. Recurrent high repetition rate pulse trains afford substantial average power levels. In a high rep-rate operation the gas flows across the cavity and is externally cooled to maintain a reasonably low temperature. The gas flow gear and heat exchanger are bulky and costly. In this work we present a repetitively pulsed TEA or TEMA laser that combines energy and peak power features in an individual pulse with the substantial average power levels of a pulse train in a thin layer of gas. Excess heat is disposed of, by conduction through the gas, to cooled enclosing walls. The gas does not flow. The method applies to vibrational transition molecular lasers in the infrared, where elevated temperatures are deleterious to the laser operation. The gist of the method draws on the law that heat conductivity in gases does not depend on their pressure. The fact lends unique operational flexibility and compactness, desirable for industrial and research purposes.

Co-authoring History: Montpellier, the Vendée, and the Co-authorship of the Sources

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István M. Szijártó

2013-10-01

Full Text Available The discourses of literature and history are generally regarded as two distinct genres. This essay sets out to investigate the use of fictitious, that is, the invented, as well as real elements, in addition to narrative tools in some literary and historical texts to examine whether there is evidence for a fundamental difference between them in this respect. In the first half of the article, from the juxtaposition of Merle’s historical novel, En nos vertes années, to Le Roy Ladurie’s The Beggar and the Professor, we shall see that real and fictitious elements are also interwoven in Merle’s text, just as history uses fictitious elements, necessarily and tacitly, or, in some works, in a rather provocative way. In the second half of this essay, in examining literary and historical narratives of the counter-revolution in the Vendée, it will become evident that historians also use the same narrative techniques as writers to orientate readers. While these findings would confound the normative distinction between history and literature, we cannot, however, finally conclude that there is no fundamental difference between literary fiction and history. Arguing against Alun Munslow, who claims in Authoring the Past that “’doing history’ is an authorial activity,” this present article tries to argue that, while in many aspects writing history is indistinguishable from writing fiction, the historian has co-authors: the sources themselves may enter the process of writing history. This is a conclusion that emerges from the analysis of Simon Schama’s Citizens. His text about the revolt in the Vendée points to a potential advantage of history when compared to literary fiction: historians may feel obliged to change their original point of view under the burden of the fact they themselves have enumerated—something we can call the latent but inherent co-authorship of the sources in historical narratives.

Kenmerkend van hierdie afdeling is die tema van ouderdom wat in ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

8 Apr 2016 ... Kenmerkend van hierdie afdeling is die tema van ouderdom wat in menige van die stories voorkom. Hier is dit die onvermydelike aftakelingsproses van die liggaam (en verstand) wat 'n beduidende invloed op die skrywer het. In verhale soos “Wat 'n lieflike geraas”, “Die ou met die overall”, “Lofredes en ...

Level of male infertility in the Ghanaian city of Tema.

Science.gov (United States)

Martin-Odoom, A; Brown, C A; Adjei, D N

2015-01-01

Infertility among couples is a sensitive issue in Ghana; females are mostly blamed. Most male infertility cases are generally due to low sperm counts (oligozoospermia), poor sperm quality - characterised by poor sperm motility (asthenozoospermia) - or a combination of both (oligoasthenozoospermia). This is a retrospective study from January 1995 to December 2005 which determined the level and type of male infertility in and around the city of Tema. Seminal fluid analysis reports of male clients who visited the Adom Medical Laboratory in Tema were extracted from laboratory data and analysed. Our study involved 2795 males in the age range of 24-36 years. In 1995, 75% of the total samples analysed had sperm concentrations ranging from 21 to 350 million sperms/ml and showed a decreasing trend to 41% in 2005. Samples with sperm concentrations below 20 million sperms/ml in 1995 increased from 20.5% to 57.6% in 2005; those with active motility > 45% decreased from 27 (30.7%) in 1995 to zero (0%) in 2005, whilst samples with > 50% non-motile sperms increased from 47 (53.4%) in 1995 to 449 (87.7%) in 2005. Male infertility in the samples analysed was due to a combination of oligozoospermia and asthenozoospermia.

Implementacion de modulos constructivistas que atiendan "misconceptions" y lagunas conceptuales en temas de la fisica en estudiantes universitarios

Science.gov (United States)

Santacruz Sarmiento, Neida M.

Este estudio se enfoco en los "misconception" y lagunas conceptuales en temas fundamentales de Fisica como son Equilibrio Termodinamico y Estatica de fluidos. En primer lugar se trabajo con la identificacion de "misconceptions" y lagunas conceptuales y se analizo en detalle la forma en que los estudiantes construyen sus propias teorias de fenomenos relacionados con los temas. Debido a la complejidad en la que los estudiantes asimilan los conceptos fisicos, se utilizo el metodo de investigacion mixto de tipo secuencial explicativo en dos etapas, una cuantitativa y otra cualitativa. La primera etapa comprendio cuatro fases: (1) Aplicacion de una prueba diagnostica para identificar el conocimiento previo y lagunas conceptuales. (2) Identificacion de "misconceptions" y lagunas del concepto a partir del conocimiento previo. (3) Implementacion de la intervencion por medio de modulos en el topico de Equilibrio Termodinamico y Estatica de Fluidos. (4) Y la realizacion de la pos prueba para analizar el impacto y la efectividad de la intervencion constructivista. En la segunda etapa se utilizo el metodo de investigacion cualitativo, por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada que partio de la elaboracion de un mapa conceptual y se finalizo con un analisis de datos conjuntamente. El desarrollo de este estudio permitio encontrar "misconceptions" y lagunas conceptuales a partir del conocimiento previo de los estudiantes participantes en los temas trabajados, que fueron atendidos en el desarrollo de las distintas actividades inquisitivas que se presentaron en el modulo constructivista. Se encontro marcadas diferencias entre la pre y pos prueba en los temas, esto se debio al requerimiento de habilidades abstractas para el tema de Estatica de Fluidos y al desarrollo intuitivo para el tema de Equilibrio Termodinamico, teniendo mejores respuestas en el segundo. Los participantes demostraron una marcada evolucion y/o cambio en sus estructuras de pensamiento, las pruebas estadisticas

Temas de bioquímica básica (DIAPOSITIVAS)

OpenAIRE

Correa Quiroz, Jorge Alberto

2003-01-01

A continuación se da a conocer el trabajo preparado y organizado por el docente Jorge Alberto Correa Quiroz durante el periodo de su año sabático, los temas a exponer son: Metabolismo y bioenergética, Metabolismo de carbohidratos, Ciclo del acido cítrico y del glioxilato, Transporte de electrones y fosforilación oxidativa, Metabolismo de lípidos y ácidos grasos, metabolismos del amoniaco y compuestos nitrogenados, Fotosíntesis. / Abstract. Then we explain the work planned and organized by...

Familia y homoparentalidad: una revisión del tema

OpenAIRE

Castellar, Andrés Felipe

2010-01-01

El artículo revisa el posible impacto de la legalización del matrimonio homosexual y de expresiones de la diversidad sexual (identidad homosexual, homoparentalidad) sobre la concepción contemporánea de familia, a partir de algunos de los hallazgos investigativos más destacados de las dos últimas décadas sobre el tema. A partir de esta reflexión, se sostiene que la conformación familiar de parte de parejas no heterosexuales no deteriora la institución familiar sino que la transforma, al aporta...

Introducing systems change in the schools: the case of school luncheons and vending machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Suarez-Balcazar, Yolanda; Redmond, Ladonna; Kouba, Joanne; Hellwig, Maureen; Davis, Rochelle; Martinez, Louise I; Jones, Lara

2007-06-01

A major public health crisis facing America's society is the increase in child and youth obesity, which has seen a fourfold increase in the last four decades. Major concerns include what children eat for school lunch and what other foods are available in schools. This paper illustrates efforts towards systems change in the luncheon program and food vending machines in the Chicago Public Schools. We discuss the different factors that lead to such changes using the framework of the social ecological model and the soft systems methodology, and we analyze how the resulting innovation was implemented and evaluated. First, we present a theoretical perspective to explain factors that influence children's eating patterns from a systems approach. Second, we discuss the antecedent factors that lead to systems change. Finally, we examine challenges to systems change, such as resistance to change, different stakeholder priorities, lack of resources, institutional bureaucracy, and unrealistic funder expectations.

Redes de Computadores (Transparencias temas de teoría del 1 al 9)

OpenAIRE

Gil Vázquez, Pablo

2010-01-01

Contenidos teóricos (Transparencias de los temas del 1 al 9) del curso de "Redes de Computadores" basados en la asignatura "Redes" de la titulación de "Ingeniería Técnica en Informática de Sistemas".

Blindness and Visual Impairment in an Urban West African Population: The Tema Eye Survey

Science.gov (United States)

Budenz, Donald L.; Bandi, Jagadeesh R.; Barton, Keith; Nolan, Winifred; Herndon, Leon; Whiteside-de Vos, Julia; Hay-Smith, Graham; Kim, Hanna; Tielsch, James

2012-01-01

Objective To determine the prevalence, etiologies, and risk factors of blindness and visual impairment among persons age 40 years and older residing in an urban West African location. Design Population-based cross-sectional study. Participants Five thousand six hundred and three participants residing in Tema, Ghana. Methods Proportionate random cluster sampling was used to select participants age 40 and over living in the city of Tema. Presenting distance visual acuity was measured at 4 and 1 meters using a reduced Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (logMAR) tumbling E chart and then with trial frame based on autorefraction. A screening examination was performed in the field on all participants. Complete clinical examination by an ophthalmologist was performed on participants with best corrected visual acuity blindness (visual acuity in the better eye of blindness was 1.2%. After refraction and spectacle correction, the prevalence of visual impairment and blindness decreased to 6.7% and 0.75% respectively, suggesting that refractive error is the major correctable etiology of visual impairment and blindness in this population. Of 65 subjects having visual acuity blindness and visual impairment. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of blindness and visual impairment among those aged ≥40 years in Tema, Ghana, West Africa. Refractive error is a major cause of blindness and visual impairment in this population, followed by cataract, glaucoma, and corneal disease. PMID:22677425

Conferencia Argentina de Educación Médica: agendas, aportes y temas Emergentes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Eugenia Brissón

Full Text Available Propósito: En el presente trabajo se pretende identificar en las Conferencias Argentinas de Educación Médica (CAEMs cuáles son los temas que -en relación a la formación de médicos- se han debatido, los que ocupan la agenda actual y los emergentes, así como establecer algunas relaciones con el movimiento internacional en ese campo, en los últimos veinte años. Material y método: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo del período 1985 - 2003. Se realizaron análisis de programas y resúmenes presentados (CAEMs 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, búsquedas no sistemáticas en Internet, revisión documental y consultas a informantes claves. Resultados: Temas en debate: admisión; evaluación y acreditación; cambios curriculares; selección, formación y evaluación del cuerpo docente y evaluación de la calidad de los egresados. Temas emergentes: asuntos de la agenda mundial son apenas incipientes en los debates de las CAEMs. Relaciones con el movimiento internacional: conformación de asociaciones sin fines de lucro para el desarrollo de la educación médica, participación en reuniones internacionales, desarrollo de proyectos de investigaciones, fortalecimiento de la formación de postgrado y legislación de aplicación en el campo de la educación médica. Conclusiones: Existencia de contribuciones mutuas entre el pensamiento latinoamericano en educación médica y el global. En Argentina la expansión de la educación médica ha sido apreciable en los últimos veinte años. Las CAEM han servido como ámbito de convocatoria, discusión y difusión de las cuestiones de la agenda general y de temas particulares del país. Ha dado lugar al establecimiento de líneas de actividades y al inicio de investigaciones. En general, si bien prevalece una discusión basada en opiniones, se advierte, en el transcurso de los años, un mejoramiento de la calidad de las comunicaciones y de los trabajos presentados.

Ibn Tufail : tema aeg, elu ja koht islami-araabia filosoofia ajaloos / Haljand Udam

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Udam, Haljand, 1936-2005

2001-01-01

Varem ilmunud järelsõnana raamatus: Elav Ärganu poeg. Tallinn : Olion, 1992. 12. sajandil Araabia Hispaanias elanud filosoof Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Tufail. Tema põhiteosest, filosoofilisest jutustusest "Elav Ärganu poeg"

Microbiological quality of urban-vended salad and its association with gastrointestinal diseases in Kumasi, Ghana

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fung, Jessica; Keraita, Bernard; Konradsen, Flemming

2011-01-01

The influence of consumption of salads on exposure to gastrointestinal diseases was assessed in urban environments in Kumasi, Ghana. Data was collected using a cross-sectional survey involving 15 salad sellers and 213 consumers and microbiological laboratory analysis of 96 samples of ready......-to-eat salad. Findings showed higher contamination in street-vended salads than those in cafeterias with thermotelerant coliforms levels of 4.00-5.43 log units per 100 g salad, 32% of samples had Salmonella sp., and 17% had helminth eggs. Overall, there was an insignificant inverse relationship between salad...... consumption and gastrointestinal diseases among street salad consumers (RR = 0.81) and a strong positive relationship with cafeteria consumers (RR = 5.51). However, stratified analysis on relative risk showed a likelihood of strong influence from other risk factors embedded in socio-economic status...

Bioética e humanização como temas transversais na formação médica

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Sergio Rego

Full Text Available A bioética e a humanização da assistência à saúde da população ocupam um espaço estratégico nas discussões sobre as necessidades de mudança nos processos de formação médica. No presente artigo, busca-se uma discussão articulada entre esses temas, defendendo sua inserção transversal ao longo dos currículos de graduação em Medicina. Entendendo que o simples reconhecimento da importância do tema ou mesmo a incipiente presença desses temas nos currículos são insuficientes para promover mudanças no perfil dos profissionais formados - as quais podem ser esperadas pela adequada abordagem destes temas -, defende-se a preparação de programas de formação voltados para o conjunto de docentes envolvidos na formação profissional e a criteriosa escolha de métodos e técnicas pedagógicas que, amparados em fundamentos teóricos que expliquem o desenvolvimento da competência moral, possam efetivamente interferir neste processo.

Evaluation of radionuclide migration in forest ecosystems in TEMAS project

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Claver, F.; Vazquez, C.

1998-01-01

The applicability study of the best countermeasures for the restoration of environments contaminated by the accidental liberation of radionuclides, requires the assessment of the space and the temporal flow of radionuclides. The objective of the multinational project TEMAS (Techniques and Management Strategies for environmental restoration and their ecological consequences), that is carried out under EU-CIEMAT contract n. TI4-CT95-0021, is the development of management tool that provides the necessary support in the selection of the best strategies of environmental restoration after a nuclear accident, considering all the possible affected environments (urban, agricultural, semi natural and forest). In the forest environment,CIEMAT is working with the University of Lund (Sweden) and the Physical Science Faculty of the University of Seville in the prognosis of the distribution of Cesium and Strontium in forest ecosystems and through the associated production systems. This paper summarizes the study of the response of two different models, FORM and FORESTPATH to predict the radionuclides flow in the event of an accidental contamination of a forest. The comparison of results has been carried out over a period of 100 years after deposition on a coniferous forest. Although the approaches are different, the results obtained (using generic parameters) indicate that either model could to be selected for the analysis of the intervention in TEMAS. (Author) 14 refs

TEMA and Dot Enumeration Profiles Predict Mental Addition Problem Solving Speed Longitudinally.

Science.gov (United States)

Major, Clare S; Paul, Jacob M; Reeve, Robert A

2017-01-01

Different math indices can be used to assess math potential at school entry. We evaluated whether standardized math achievement (TEMA-2 performance), core number abilities (dot enumeration, symbolic magnitude comparison), non-verbal intelligence (NVIQ) and visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM), in combination or separately, predicted mental addition problem solving speed over time. We assessed 267 children's TEMA-2, magnitude comparison, dot enumeration, and VSWM abilities at school entry (5 years) and NVIQ at 8 years. Mental addition problem solving speed was assessed at 6, 8, and 10 years. Longitudinal path analysis supported a model in which dot enumeration performance ability profiles and previous mental addition speed predicted future mental addition speed on all occasions, supporting a componential account of math ability. Standardized math achievement and NVIQ predicted mental addition speed at specific time points, while VSWM and symbolic magnitude comparison did not contribute unique variance to the model. The implications of using standardized math achievement and dot enumeration ability to index math learning potential at school entry are discussed.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging - a new instrument in the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jacob's disease

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Romi, Fredrik; Smivoll, Alf Inge; Moerk, Sverre; Tysnes, Ole-Bjoern

2000-01-01

Creutzfeldt-Jacob's disease (CID) is characterised by rapidly progressive dementia, ataxia, myoclonus and several other neurological deficits. It generally affects older adults and occurs in sporadic, genetic and iatrogenic forms. Death occurs usually within one year after onset of the disease. The diagnosis is based on clinical criteria, neuro physiological and radiological findings and confirmed by post mortal histopathology. During the last two years several cases of CID have been reported with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MR) abnormalities represented by increased signal intensity indicating reduced diffusion in basal ganglia and/or cortex cerebric. These abnormalities seem to be characteristic of CID. We report a case of CID in a 54 year old woman who developed vertigo, nystagmus, ataxia, myoclonus and dementia over a period of eight months. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed increased signal intensity in corpus striatum and gyrus conguli. The diagnosis was post mortally confirmed with histopathology. (Author) 7 figs., 15 refs

[Limits of self regulation of the private food sector: the case of removing of vending machines from schools].

Science.gov (United States)

Michaud, Claude; Baudier, François

2007-01-01

Conflicts of interest between the food industry and public decision makers have increasingly multiplied over the last few years, especially within the context of implementing the French National Nutrition Programme. This paper describes the rhetoric and the strategies developed by the private sector in order to counter the law's implementation and enforcement based on a concrete example, namely, the removal of vending machines from schools. After having evoked possibilities of developing new partnerships as suggested by national and international health authorities, it reaffirms the right and the duty of the State to regulate within the framework of a health promotion policy, an approach which integrates the necessary open democratic public debate between the different sectors.

El tema filosófico. Diálogo con Danilo Cruz Vélez

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José Luis Lora Peñaloza

1972-06-01

Full Text Available Afirmaba alguna vez el doctor Cayetano Betancur, con la autoridad que nadie osa objetarle, que "al colombiano le han inquietado siempre temas principalmente filosófico-políticos, tales como los de la libertad civil, el origen del poder, los fines del Estado, etc.

Temas (Version 2.1): Decision Tool for Environmental Testoration: After Nuclear Accidents; Temas (Version 2.1): Herramienta de Decision para Restauracion Medioambiental tras Accidentes Nucleares. Desarrollo Informatico.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vazquez, C; Moraleda, M; Montero, M; Claver, F

2001-07-01

TEMAS (Techniques and Management Strategies for Environmental Restoration) is a user friendly decision aiding computerised system to help in th e selection of the best local strategy of restoration when a postaccidental environmental contamination with long lived radionuclides (''137 Cs, ''134 Cs and ''90 Sr) must be faced. TEMAS provides answer for complex scenarios (urban, agricultural and forest) with different specific levels of contamination, uses and dimensions. The computerized system is structured in three main modules: Databases containing those parameters required to identify and to provide results for typical potential cases of intervention (elemental cases); the evaluation module that uses a limited number of inputs to compose a virtual representation of the real contaminated scenario, in terms of elemental cases, and then calculates the required decision factors (residual individual doses, averted collective doses, costs and other secondary effects after each applicable intervention options); and the decision module which manages these factors according to a certain criteria to select and rank interventions as the recommended strategy. This document describes the contain of the databases, the main calculations of the different procedures and its correlation with databases, schematic draws of the fluxes of calculations, and one simulation of intervention to exemplify inputs and outputs of the system. (Author)

Temas (Version 2.1): Decision Tool for Environmental Testoration: After Nuclear Accidents; Temas (Version 2.1): Herramienta de Decision para Restauracion Medioambiental tras Accidentes Nucleares. Desarrollo Informatico.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vazquez, C.; Moraleda, M.; Montero, M.; Claver, F.

2001-07-01

TEMAS (Techniques and Management Strategies for Environmental Restoration) is a user friendly decision aiding computerised system to help in th e selection of the best local strategy of restoration when a postaccidental environmental contamination with long lived radionuclides (''137 Cs, ''134 Cs and ''90 Sr) must be faced. TEMAS provides answer for complex scenarios (urban, agricultural and forest) with different specific levels of contamination, uses and dimensions. The computerized system is structured in three main modules: Databases containing those parameters required to identify and to provide results for typical potential cases of intervention (elemental cases); the evaluation module that uses a limited number of inputs to compose a virtual representation of the real contaminated scenario, in terms of elemental cases, and then calculates the required decision factors (residual individual doses, averted collective doses, costs and other secondary effects after each applicable intervention options); and the decision module which manages these factors according to a certain criteria to select and rank interventions as the recommended strategy. This document describes the contain of the databases, the main calculations of the different procedures and its correlation with databases, schematic draws of the fluxes of calculations, and one simulation of intervention to exemplify inputs and outputs of the system. (Author)

La biblioteca escolar y las necesidades de información en temas de sexualidad adolescente

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ma. Daniela Muñoz Alvarado

2013-01-01

Full Text Available El presente ensayo hace referencia al tema del papel de la biblioteca escolar ante los adolescentes y ante los nuevos Programas de Estudio de Educación para la Afectividad y la Sexualidad Integral del Ministerio de Educación Pública (MEP. Hoy en día y desde siempre, los jóvenes han estado expuestos ante una gran cantidad de cambios, tanto a nivel interno como a nivel externo, en el que se refleja inminentemente la necesidad de tener información confiable y de calidad que apoye la toma de decisiones. Por eso, el objetivo del presente trabajo es establecer la relación que existe entre las necesidades informacionales de la población adolescente en cuanto al tema de la salud sexual y reproductiva y la biblioteca escolar como fuente de información para responder a esas necesidades. Por ello, la propuesta del ensayo radica en un rol activo por parte de la biblioteca escolar no solo como generadora de información, sino, también, como apoyo para los Programas de Estudio de Educación para la Afectividad y la Sexualidad Integral y para los adolescentes, esto por medio de la propuesta de nuevos servicios y productos especializados en el tema de la sexualidad.

Disciplinas y temas de estudio en las ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte

OpenAIRE

Devís-Devís, J.; Valenciano Valcárcel, J.; Villamón, M.; Pérez Samaniego, V.

2010-01-01

En este artículo se analizan las disciplinas y los temas de 1786 trabajos publicados en 16 revistas españolas de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (CCAFD), entre 1999 y 2005. La disciplina y el tema de cada artículo se asignaron mediante un proceso de categorización inductiva a partir del título, del resumen y de las palabras clave. Las disciplinas más activas son el conjunto de las especialidades Médicas (el 24,13% de los trabajos), la Didáctica (21,33%) y la Psicología (13,55%). ...

Serial MRI in early Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease with a point mutation of prion protein at codon 180

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ishida, S.; Sugino, M.; Shinoda, K.; Ohsawa, N.; Koizumi, N.; Ohta, T.; Kitamoto, T.; Tateishi, J.

1995-01-01

We report a 66-year-old woman with histologically diagnosed Creutzfeld-Jacob disease (CJD), followed with MRI from an early clinical stage. MRI demonstrated expansion of the high cortical signal on T2-weighted images, which differs from previous MRI reports of CJD. This patient followed an atypical clinical course: 16 months had passed before she developed akinetic mutism, and periodic sharp waves had not been detected on EEG after 2 years in spite of her akinetic mutism. Brain biopsy showed primary spongiform changes in the grey matter, and a point mutation of the prion protein gene at codon 180 was discovered using polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing and Tth 111 I cutting. This is the first case with the point mutation of the codon 180 variant with an atypical clinical course and characteristic MRI findings. (orig.)

El contrato de franquicia en el comercio internacional (Tema Central)

OpenAIRE

Castellanos Peñafiel, Lorena del Carmen

2006-01-01

El artículo destaca el rol trascendente que desempeña el contrato de franquicia en el mundo globalizado de hoy y su proyección jurídica en el comercio internacional. A tal efecto, parte del estudio de temas generales, tales como su origen, concepto, características, elementos y clasificación, para luego examinar, a profundidad, los rasgos que determinan su naturaleza jurídica, su aproximación a otros tipos contractuales y el régimen conflictual aplicable, analiza, así mismo, la incidencia de ...

El tema del dinero en El casamiento engañoso

OpenAIRE

Lagreca de Olio, María Cristina

2011-01-01

Esta ponencia retoma la cuestión del dinero en la obra cervantina, al que ya he dedicado otros trabajos y que es mi objeto de estudio. La intención es tratarlo como tema literario, para que no sea solamente elemento de reflexiones morales o de sistematizaciones económicas. El dinero inspira páginas literarias, poesía y prosa. Su importancia aparece también en la literatura de los contemporáneos de Cervantes, ilustrándose con los versos que Quevedo titula “Don Dinero”. Al intent...

Charles Tilly: Legado y estela De The Vendée a Contentious Performances, para comprender el conflicto político del s. XIX español Charles Tilly: Legado y estela De The Vendée a Contentious Performances, para comprender el conflicto político del s. XIX español

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gloria Martínez Dorado

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Charles Tilly’s later work sums up, assesses, specifies and projects into the future the theoretical and empirical legacy of a life of study devoted to Historical Sociology. From his masterpiece opera prima, The Vendée, on to his latest Contentious politics, Tilly developed a vast array of theoretical concepts, which he provided with extensive and precise empirical referents (among them, we may cite: performance, collective action repertoire, political opportunity structure, mechanisms for mobilization and, finally, worthiness, unity, numbers and commitment. Today, these notions are located at the very core of the sociological/historical studies about political contention in early Modern Europe. Tilly’s preference for quantitative and comparative methods was subservient to his interest in giving account of, not the motivational Why?, but the objective How, When and What for of collective mobilization; not in explanatory ‘laws’ of historical change, but in analytically fecund descriptions of similar, but also unique historical episodes. This article adopts the methodological paradigm Tilly first developed when writing The Vendée, analytically updated throughout his later work, as theoretical framework for a new approach of the social and political mobilization that led to the first Carlista war. Specifically, the mechanisms for mobilization that provided material and human resources for the war effort are researched in three different Navarre villages –selected by their differing economic, cultural, and politically features.Las últimas obras de Charles Tilly recapitulan, evalúan, concretan y proyectan hacia el futuro el legado empírico y teórico de una vida dedicada a la sociología histórica. Desde su opera prima sobre la Vendée hasta Contienda política y democracia en Europa, Tilly desarrolló y dio amplio y preciso contenido empírico a un conjunto de conceptos teóricos que hoy vertebran los estudios del conflicto pol

La agenda temática sobre Educación en la prensa digital: las TIC entre otros temas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan Antonio GAITÁN MOYA

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Se analiza en este artículo los temas presentes en la Agenda sobre Educación en los periódicos de ámbito nacional ABC, El País, El Mundo y La Razón, y en los diarios de ámbito regional El Correo, La Voz de Galicia y La Vanguardia. En el análisis aparecen treinta y dos temas relativos a la Educación, entre los cuales los más destacados son la reforma educativa, la violencia escolar, la religión en la escuela, la oferta docente y no lectiva, la demanda de infraestructura y el aumento de la inmigración, las TIC, la financiación de la educación, la calidad escolar y el fracaso escolar, las lenguas y los nacionalismos y la investigación. Entre otras cuestiones se da cuenta del orden de importancia de los temas referidos según su frecuencia de aparición, contenidos y orden de ocurrencia.

Radioactivity concentrations and their radiological significance in sediments of the Tema Harbour (Greater Accra, Ghana

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benjamin O. Botwe

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Studies on environmental radioactivity in tropical Africa are scarce. Therefore, a baseline study of natural (238U, 210Pb, 226Ra, 232Th, 228Ra, 228Th, 40K and anthropogenic (137Cs radionuclides was carried out on Tema Harbour (Greater Accra, Ghana surface sediments and on their radiological significance. Grab surface sediment samples were collected from 21 stations within the Tema Harbour and their radioactivity concentrations measured by gamma spectrometry. The mean sediment radioactivity concentrations (Bq kg−1 dw were 34 for 238U, 210 for 210Pb, 14 for 226Ra, 30 for 232Th, 29 for 228Ra, 31 for 228Th, 320 for 40K, and 1.5 for 137Cs. Large 238U/226Ra disequilibria were observed in the harbour sediments and a complex dynamics of several mixed sources of sediments within the Tema Harbour can be inferred from the spatial variations in the radioactivity concentrations. The estimated total absorbed dose rate in air (D, radium equivalent activity (Raeq, external hazard index (Hex, annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE and annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE indicated no significant radiological risks from the sediment radioactivity concentrations. Application of the Environmental Risk from Ionising Contaminants Assessment and Management tool (ERICA confirmed that the potential dose rates to biota from the sediment radioactivity concentrations are unlikely to pose appreciable ecological risks. The radioactivity levels are compared with levels reported in sediments from other coastal areas of the world.

An (un)healthy poster: When environmental cues affect consumers' food choices at vending machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Stöckli, Sabrina; Stämpfli, Aline E; Messner, Claude; Brunner, Thomas A

2016-01-01

Environmental cues can affect food decisions. There is growing evidence that environmental cues influence how much one consumes. This article demonstrates that environmental cues can similarly impact the healthiness of consumers' food choices. Two field studies examined this effect with consumers of vending machine foods who were exposed to different posters. In field study 1, consumers with a health-evoking nature poster compared to a pleasure-evoking fun fair poster or no poster in their visual sight were more likely to opt for healthy snacks. Consumers were also more likely to buy healthy snacks when primed by an activity poster than when exposed to the fun fair poster. In field study 2, this consumer pattern recurred with a poster of skinny Giacometti sculptures. Overall, the results extend the mainly laboratory-based evidence by demonstrating the health-relevant impact of environmental cues on food decisions in the field. Results are discussed in light of priming literature emphasizing the relevance of preexisting associations, mental concepts and goals. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

TEMAS: fleet-based bio-economic simulation software to evaluate management strategies accounting for fleet behaviour

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ulrich, Clara; Andersen, Bo Sølgaard; Sparre, Per Johan

2007-01-01

TEMAS (technical management measures) is a fleet-based bio-economic software for evaluating management strategies accounting for technical measures and fleet behaviour. It focuses on mixed fisheries in which several fleets can choose among several fishing activities to target different stocks...

Temas (Version 2.1): Decision Tool for Environmental Restoration: After Nuclear Accidents

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vazquez, C.; Moraleda, M.; Montero, M.; Claver, F.

2001-01-01

TEMAS (Techniques and Management Strategies for Environmental Restoration) is a user friendly decision aiding computerised system to help in th e selection of the best local strategy of restoration when a post-accidental environmental contamination with long lived radionuclides (''137 Cs, ''134 Cs and ''90 Sr) must be faced. TEMAS provides answer for complex scenarios (urban, agricultural and forest) with different specific levels of contamination, uses and dimensions. The computerized system is structured in three main modules: Databases containing those parameters required to identify and to provide results for typical potential cases of intervention (elemental cases); the evaluation module that uses a limited number of inputs to compose a virtual representation of the real contaminated scenario, in terms of elemental cases, and then calculates the required decision factors (residual individual doses, averted collective doses, costs and other secondary effects after each applicable intervention options); and the decision module which manages these factors according to a certain criteria to select and rank interventions as the recommended strategy. This document describes the contain of the databases, the main calculations of the different procedures and its correlation with databases, schematic draws of the fluxes of calculations, and one simulation of intervention to exemplify inputs and outputs of the system. (Author)

As contribuições de Jacob Burckhardt ao Manual de História da Arte de Franz Kugler (1848

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cássio da Silva Fernandes

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Entre junho e setembro de 1847, o historiador suíço Jacob Burckhardt (1818-1897 trabalhou em Berlim como assistente de seu ex-professor, Franz Kugler (1808-1858, na segunda edição, revista e ampliada, do Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte de 1848. Esta obra era parte do amplo estudo histórico-artístico, iniciado por Kugler na década de 1830, que simbolizou o nascimento da moderna história universal da arte em língua alemã. No que se refere a Burckhardt, a participação no Manual de História da Arte deixou transparecer elementos de sua futura descoberta historiográfica: a Renascença italiana. Buscaremos, nas infinitas linhas da segunda edição do manual de Kugler, os traços da pena de Burckhardt, onde cintilam dois componentes:de um lado, a arte como expressão fundamental para o entendimento histórico; de outro, a passagem que conduz da Idade Média ao Renascimento e o papel da Itália nessa transformação.Between June and September of 1847, Swiss historian Jacob Burckhardt (1818-1897 worked in Berlin as an assistant tom his former professor, Franz Kugler (1808-1858, in the second edition, revised and amplified, of Handbuch der Kunstgeschichte of 1848. This work was part of a broad historic-artistic study, started by Kugler in the 1830s.This study symbolized the birth of the modern universal art history in the German language. Related to Burckhardt, the participation in the History of Art Manual let elements of his future historiographical discovery appear: the Italian Renascence. We will try to get, therefore, in the infinite lines of the second edition of Kugler's manual, the traces of Burckhardt's words. In such traces, two components scintillate: on one side, the art as fundamental expression for the historical understanding; on the other, the passage that leads from Middle Age to Renascence and Italy's role in this transformation.

Percepções e atitudes de professores de escolas públicas e privadas perante o tema drogas

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Tatiana Cristina Diniz Ferreira

2010-09-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, apesar de os professores serem considerados como agentes potenciais para a prevenção do uso de drogas, há mais de duas décadas os programas escolares de prevenção não têm alcançado os resultados esperados. Com o intuito de auxiliar a identificação da origem do problema, foram avaliadas as percepções/ atitudes de professores sobre o tema. Participaram da pesquisa vinte professores do Ensino Fundamental e Médio da cidade de São Paulo, com os quais foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Embora esses profissionais se reconheçam como formadores de opinião, não se consideram suficientemente habilitados para tratar do tema com seus alunos, seja pela sua falta de informação, interesse ou habilidade para abordar o assunto. Quanto à informação sobre o tema, verificou-se haver uma baixa percepção sobre o risco associado às drogas lícitas. Perante estes resultados, sugere-se que os programas de prevenção destinados ao ambiente escolar sejam revistos e tenham a participação de profissionais especializados.

Percepções e atitudes de professores de escolas públicas e privadas perante o tema drogas

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Tatiana Cristina Diniz Ferreira

Full Text Available No Brasil, apesar de os professores serem considerados como agentes potenciais para a prevenção do uso de drogas, há mais de duas décadas os programas escolares de prevenção não têm alcançado os resultados esperados. Com o intuito de auxiliar a identificação da origem do problema, foram avaliadas as percepções/ atitudes de professores sobre o tema. Participaram da pesquisa vinte professores do Ensino Fundamental e Médio da cidade de São Paulo, com os quais foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas. Embora esses profissionais se reconheçam como formadores de opinião, não se consideram suficientemente habilitados para tratar do tema com seus alunos, seja pela sua falta de informação, interesse ou habilidade para abordar o assunto. Quanto à informação sobre o tema, verificou-se haver uma baixa percepção sobre o risco associado às drogas lícitas. Perante estes resultados, sugere-se que os programas de prevenção destinados ao ambiente escolar sejam revistos e tenham a participação de profissionais especializados.

Presentación Dossier Tema Libre

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Diana González Rey

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Con el décimo número de la Revista Historia 2.0: Conocimiento Histórico en Clave Digital, los editores saludamos a los lectores. Durante estos cinco años la publicación ha pasado por diversas etapas de aprendizaje en las que destacamos el apoyo de los autores, estudiantes y de los profesionales de la historia que contribuyen a divulgar y sostener la edición. Hemos querido celebrar nuestros cinco años con un dossier de Tema Libre, tal como fue él de nuestra primera entrega, en ésta nueva edición número diez (10. Los artículos aquí publicados fueron al igual que en todas las ediciones convocados públicamente, en la página de Facebook de AHISAB, a través la distribución mediante listas de correos, de servidores gratuitos como H- México, quiénes nos han colaborado en el proceso de distribución de las convocatorias. Igualmente la evaluación por pares fue de manera anónima de acuerdo a todos los estándares internacionales, una labor que debemos agradecer notoriamente púes constituye la base fundamental y académica de nuestra publicación.

Market survey on products from the Tema Oil Refinery carried out as part of the feasibility study on the Tema Oil Refinery expansion project. Export trade information

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1991-10-01

The Tema Oil Refinery (TOR), which was commissioned in 1963, is a simple hydroskimming plant which processes crude oil into LPG, gasoline, kerosene, gasoil, and fuel oil. It is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. Over the years some of the equipment in the refinery has deteriorated or become obsolete necessitating major rehabilitation. A feasibility study is investigating the modernization and expansion of the refinery to meet projected market demands until the year 2005. The report presents the results of a market survey done on products from TOR

¡Arrasar la Vendée! Guerra Civil y Columnas Infernales en pleno corazón de la Revolución Francesa. – Raze the Vendée! Civil War and Infernal Columns in the heart of the French Revolution

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Cutillas Victoria, Benjamín

2014-12-01

Full Text Available In the middle of the French Revolution, when the Liberty and the Rights of Man were proclaimed, a part of France decided to turn away from this new political and moral system with the aim of returning to their recent past when the Royal Authority and the Catholic Religion were the creed of the people. This against the revolutionary process took place in the west of the country, causing many internal conflicts that acquired special relevance in the Vendée region, where a true civil war exploded and the French Republic enforced a policy of total war unleashing the so-called Infernal Columns, although they didn’t put an end to the problem. The strife would end three years after with a peace process in the rebel region and terrible consequences for all.

Analysis and Assessment of Environmental Load of Vending Machines by a LCA Method, and Eco-Improvement Effect

Science.gov (United States)

Kimura, Yukio; Sadamichi, Yucho; Maruyama, Naoki; Kato, Seizo

These days the environmental impact due to vending machines'(VM) diffusion has greatly been discussed. This paper describes the numerical evaluation of the environmental impact by using the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) scheme and then proposes eco-improvements' strategy toward environmentally conscious products(ECP). A new objective and universal consolidated method for the LCA-evaluation, so-called LCA-NETS(Numerical Eco-load Standardization ) developed by the authors is applied to the present issue. As a result, the environmental loads at the 5years' operation and the material procurement stages are found to dominate others over the life cycle. Further eco-improvement is realized by following the order of the LCA-NETS magnitude; namely, energy saving, materials reducing, parts' re-using, and replacing with low environmental load material. Above all, parts' re-using is specially recommendable for significant reduction of the environmental loads toward ECP.

Risk factors for contamination of ready-to-eat street-vended poultry dishes in Dakar, Senegal.

Science.gov (United States)

Cardinale, E; Perrier Gros-Claude, J D; Tall, F; Guèye, E F; Salvat, G

2005-08-25

Our objective was to investigate the Salmonella and Campylobacter contamination of traditional ready-to-eat street-vended poultry dishes and to assess the association of some restaurant characteristics and cooking practices with the contamination of these meals. One hundred and forty-eight street-restaurants were studied from January 2003 to April 2004 in Dakar. A questionnaire was submitted to the managers, and samples of ready-to-eat poultry dishes were taken. Salmonella spp. was isolated in 20.1% of the 148 street-restaurants studied and in 10.1% samples of poultry dishes. The most prevalent serovars isolated were Salmonella hadar, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella brancaster. Campylobacter jejuni was detected in only 3 restaurants and 3 poultry dishes. Not peeling and not cleaning vegetables and other ingredients during meal preparation (OR=3.58), dirty clothing for restaurant employees (OR=4.65), reheating previously cooked foods (OR=5.2), and no kitchen and utensils disinfection (OR=3.47) were associated with an increasing risk of Salmonella contamination. Adequate cooking procedures decreased the risk of Salmonella contamination (OR=0.15).

New series of paper pack vending machines; Paper pack jido hanbaiki no shin series

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ohashi, M. [Fuji Denki Reiki Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Umino, S. [Fuji Electric Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-07-10

This paper presents series of paper pack vending machines. These machines may be broadly classified into those of cold drinks and of hot and cold drinks depending on the storage temperature of products. The former is the machine for cooling dairy products at 10{degree}C with a combined stacking by direct-stacked racks and chain-multiracks. The latter is provided with divided storing chambers with each chamber selectively cooled or heated. Products in the hot chamber are canned coffee and the like set at 55{degree}C. The temperature control is performed by a microcomputer. The chain-multiracks are provided with advantages such as capability of handling various kinds of container shapes, storing drinks and foods vertically, replacing products by the change of a shelf attachment with one operation, and storing one liter packs by setting pair columns. The direct-stacked racks are provided with advantages such as versatility of handling various kinds of containers and miniaturization of the mechanism other than the storage part. The installation space was reduced by devising the opening and closing of the door. The control part is capable of setting temperatures differently for cans and paper packs. 7 figs., 1 tab.

Reliability of the hospital nutrition environment scan for cafeterias, vending machines, and gift shops.

Science.gov (United States)

Winston, Courtney P; Sallis, James F; Swartz, Michael D; Hoelscher, Deanna M; Peskin, Melissa F

2013-08-01

According to ecological models, the physical environment plays a major role in determining individual health behaviors. As such, researchers have started targeting the consumer nutrition environment of large-scale foodservice operations when implementing obesity-prevention programs. In 2010, the American Hospital Association released a call-to-action encouraging health care facilities to join in this movement and improve their facilities' consumer nutrition environments. The Hospital Nutrition Environment Scan (HNES) for Cafeterias, Vending Machines, and Gift Shops was developed in 2011, and the present study evaluated the inter-rater reliability of this instrument. Two trained raters visited 39 hospitals in southern California and completed the HNES. Percent agreement, kappa statistics, and intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated. Percent agreement between raters ranged from 74.4% to 100% and kappa statistics ranged from 0.458 to 1.0. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the overall nutrition composite scores was 0.961. Given these results, the HNES demonstrated acceptable reliability metrics and can now be disseminated to assess the current state of hospital consumer nutrition environments. Copyright © 2013 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Study on a model of street vended food choices by Korean high school students.

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Cho, Kiwoong; Park, Sanghyun; Joo, Nami

2011-10-01

Street vended food (SVF) includes food and beverages prepared and sold outdoors or in public areas by street merchants for consumption on the scene or later without further preparation. Due to its low price and convenience, SVF has been popular in Korea for a long time, particularly with high school students. Beyond Korea, SVF is also popular in southeast Asia and southern Africa in the form of ready-to-eat food. This study on high school students, who are main consumers of SVF in Korea, focused on the factors that affect consumer loyalty. The study was performed by questionnaire and used AMOS software to develop a structural equation model. The results of verifying the model's fidelity were χ(2) = 685.989, df = 261, GFI = 0.851, AGFI = 0.814, NFI = 0.901, CFI = 0.907, RMR = 0.048, indicating a satisfying structural model. SVF quality and service, emotional response, and the physical environment had a statistically significant effect on consumer loyalty. In contrast, SVF sanitation had no statistically significant effect on consumer loyalty. Based on these results, the sanitary management of SVF needs to be addressed immediately combined with education for SVF providers to maintain a clean environment.

Temas de reflexión en la intervención social

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José Darío Sáenz

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Actualmente la intervención social se enfrenta a tensiones provenientes de la diversidad de objetivos, actores, fundamentos y elementos prácticos necesarios para su realización. El autor examina aquí varias de estas tensiones, teniendo en cuenta la manera como la intervención social se ha configurado en el tiempo y los cambios acaecidos en las concepciones y actores involucrados en ella. Expone, también, algunos de los modelos más formalizados en los procesos de intervención y presenta reflexiones sobre el tema de autores destacados en la materia.

"A new lachrymal gland with an excretory duct in red and fallow deer" by Johann jacob Harder (1694): English translation and historical perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Hillenius, Willem J; Phillips, Darryl A; Rehorek, Susan J

2007-01-01

The Harderian gland is an enigmatic orbital gland that has been described for many tetrapods, although a consistent definition of this structure has remained elusive. In particular, an unambiguous distinction between the Harderian gland and the nictitans gland, which may both occur in the anterior aspect of the orbit of mammals, remains problematic. These glands were first distinguished in 1694 by Johann Jacob Harder, a Swiss physician and anatomist. To facilitate a renewed examination of the anatomical and developmental relationships of the anterior orbital glands, we review the historical context of Harder's discovery, and provide Harder's original Latin text as well as an English translation.

Kolonel Arthur von Buxhoevedeni (VR 1/2) ja tema abikaasa Kira ümbermatmine kodumaa mulda / Peep Pillak

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pillak, Peep, 1957-

2015-01-01

Vabadusristi kavaler kolonel Arthur von Buxhoeveden ja tema abikaasa Kira sängitati sõjaväeliste austusavaldustega kodumaa mulda Tallinna Kaitseväe kalmistul 12. septembril. Kolonel Arthur von Buxhoeveden'i elukäigust

John Hejduk ja tema Wall House 2 = John Hejduk and his Wall House 2 / Vilen Künnapu

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Künnapu, Vilen, 1948-

2010-01-01

Ameerika arhitekt John Hejdukist ja tema mõjust 20. sajandi lõpukümnendite arhitektuurimõttele. Ka 1973. aastal projekteeritud eramust Wall House 2, mis valmis alles 2001. aastal Groningenis. Kommentaar Soome arhitektuuriprofessor Juhani Pallasmaalt

Consumo consciente, lixo e reciclagem: temas desenvolvidos no projeto usina ecoelétrica com alunos do ensino fundamental

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Danitielle Cineli Simonato

2010-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la concepción de los alumnos de la educación básica sobre temas como el consumo sostenible, residuos y reciclaje. Con la implementación de conferencias, dinámicas y debates, hemos tratado el tema de una manera práctica. Los resultados muestran una mejora en la conciencia y en el conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre la importancia del reciclaje, consumismo y el destino de los residuos, evaluando como los efectos que nuestras acciones pueden reflexionar sobre el Medio Ambiente. Trabajando, por lo tanto, de una manera colectiva y cooperativa, apoyando los cambios en los hábitos y actitudes para la conservación de los recursos naturales.

The effectiveness and safety of syringe vending machines as a component of needle syringe programmes in community settings.

Science.gov (United States)

Islam, Mofizul; Wodak, Alex; Conigrave, Katherine M

2008-12-01

Syringe vending machines (SVMs) have been introduced in Europe and Australasia as part of the effort to increase the availability of sterile needles and syringes to injecting drug users (IDUs). This qualitative review of 14 published and grey literature studies examines whether community-based SVMs as a component of a comprehensive needle syringe programme (NSP) assist to reduce the spread of HIV and other blood-borne viruses amongst IDUs. The available evidence suggests that SVMs increase access to sterile injecting equipment, reduce needle and syringe sharing, and are likely to be cost efficient. SVMs also complement other modes of NSP delivery as they are used by IDUs who are less likely to attend staffed NSPs or pharmacies. If installed and properly maintained in a well-chosen location and with the local community well prepared, SVMs can enhance the temporal and geographical availability of sterile injecting equipment.

Responsabilidade Social Corporativa e Competitividade: uma análise bibliométrica da evolução do tema

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Mary Fernanda de Sousa de Melo

2017-05-01

Full Text Available A estratégia de responsabilidade social corporativa afeta o core business, o crescimento, a rentabilidade e a sobrevivência das empresas no curto e longo prazo. Com o intuito de apresentar o panorama de tais discussões, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o tema responsabilidade social corporativa de forma conjunta com a competitividade, num período de 19 anos. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo bibliométrico com uso de análise descritiva. A base de dados escolhida para a busca foi a ISI Web of Science. Foram analisados 344 artigos e suas referências, por meio de redes de citações. Dentre os principais resultados, verificou-se que: as publicações concentram-se em quatro periódicos (Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Cleaner Production, International Journal of Production Economics e Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management; se trata de um tema multidisciplinar, recente e emergente, pois apesar de a primeira publicação datar de 1996, foi a partir de 2006 que as publicações efetivamente aumentaram. Por fim, foram identificados onze clusters que agrupam os principais temas discutidos dada a junção de RSC e competitividade, os quais foram apresentados de acordo com sua dispersão e força de discussão ao longo do tempo. Também se observou que duas vertentes da estratégia se destacam como base teórica para a presente discussão: visão baseada em recursos e escola do posicionamento. A crescente importância do tema, tanto na pauta estratégica dos gestores quanto no avanço da literatura a respeito de fontes potenciais de vantagem competitiva, justifica a análise da evolução da literatura.

Authoritarianism, control and vigilance: Jacob Gorender on the aim of the repression (1940-1980

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Lucileide Costa Cardoso

2013-12-01

Full Text Available The purpose of the article is to demonstrate through analysis of documents of repressive nature, the elements highlighted by the Military Justice to establish the trace of persecution of the intellectuals among other social sectors which dared to challenge the Dictatorship. The complete mapping, involving the combat strategies against the “communism”, including the knowledge of the political parties and their military staff, was accumulated by police and military sectors along the 20th century. We intended to follow, through these records, the political trajectory of the intellectual Jacob Gorender. As a journalist, he got involved in the discussion about the Brazilian participation in the World War II, joined the FEB in 1943. Before that, however, Gorender became a communist, recruited by Mario Alves in 1942. In the early 60’s, he acted as a militant and coordinator of PCB, when he decided to join PCBR, founded in 1968. The historian, in the beginning of the 1964 Strike, with his life already devastated by the Information and Security Community, experienced marginalization, imprisonment, torture and censorship of his writings among other abuses that also reached his closest friends, political companions and family members. The crossing of this amount of information with the memorial documents helps to understand the political repression tricks and the different Revolutionary projects in course.

Penerapan Metode Analytic Network Process (ANP Untuk Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Tema Tugas Akhir (Studi Kasus: Program Studi S1 Informatika ST3 Telkom

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Dila Nurlaila

2017-07-01

Full Text Available Berdasarkan hasil dari survey yang dilakukan terhadap 30 mahasiswa Informatika yang akan mengambil mata kuliah tugas akhir, lebih dari 80% menjawab belum memiliki konsep Tugas Akhir, hal ini menjadi perhatian bahwa masih banyak dari mahasiswa yang belum mengetahui tema Tugas Akhir apa yang akan dambilnya nanti yang sesuai dengan minat dan kompetensinya. Dari hal tersebut akan dilakukan penelitian penerapan metode Analytic Network Process (ANP pada  Pendukung keputusan pemilihan tugas tema Tugas Akhir. ANP merupakan suatu metode dalam decision making yang mempertimbangkan hubungan antar kriteria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji tingkat keberhasilan metode ANP dalam mengatasi masalah mahasiswa yang belum mengetahui konsep dari tugas akhir. Langkah pertama, ditentukan kriteria yang menjadi penentu dari pemilihan tema Tugas Akhir di prodi S1 Informatika. Kriteria ini akan dibuat model jaringan ANP menggunakan software super decision dan setiap kriteria akan dilakukan pairwised comparison (perbandingan berpasangan guna untuk mendapatkan pembobotan dari masing – masing kriteria dan sub kriteria. Yang menjadi expert judgement pada pengambil keputusan ini adalah ketua keahlian program studi ICM dan DESTI. Setelah melakukan pengujian dengan membandingkan pilihan secara manual dengan pilihan berdasarkan perhitungan ANP hasilnya sebesar 46,6% tema tugas akhir mahasiswa sesuai dan akurat, hilangnya 53,4% akurasi dikarenakan ketidak sesuaian jawaban mahasiswa saat menentukan nilai peminatan.

El interculturalismo, tema de nuestro tiempo

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Martín RODRÍGUEZ ROJO

2006-01-01

Full Text Available El presente artículo habla de los estadios diferentes por donde ha pasado la humanidad en el ámbito del interculturalismo. Se trata de una división personal del autor, sin más pretensiones que aclarar conceptos. ¿Es el interculturalismo tema de nuestro tiempo en el sentido orteguiano? Sí, se responde. Porque es la síntesis de dos grandes aspectos que caracterizan a su vez a nuestro siglo. La globalización y su revulsivo, el identitarismo. En efecto, interculturalidad significa apostar por la igualdad como meta común de todos y aceptar la diferencia de cada individuo, sociedad y cultura. Homogeneización y diversidad sin renunciar a la igualdad de derechos y deberes de todos. Dos en uno. Se añade la siguiente acotación: imposible separar interculturalismo de lucha por el desarrollo, porque no se pueden dar la mano dos sujetos sin antes darse la solidaridad de los bolsos. Si la persona humana es un complejo de biología y de pensamiento, no se concibe aceptación de mentes sin aceptación de cuerpos que se han de alimentar antes de poder pensar. Desde aquí se derivan consecuencias para el mundo de la educación y de la enseñanza, de los planes de estudio y de los currículos en general.

Introducción al tema monográfico

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Sofía Salas Ibarra

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Este número de Ars Medica está por entero dedicado al tema de Anticoncepción de Emergencia (AE y a la discusión de sus aspectos biológicos, éticos, sociales y jurídicos, incluyendo un análisis sobre los aspectos científicos y jurídicos contenidos en el reciente fallo del Tribunal Constitucional de Chile. Como es de conocimiento público, con fecha 18 de abril de 2008 dicho tribunal dictó sentencia sobre el requerimiento presentado por un grupo de diputados en contra del decreto supremo Nº 48 de 2007 del Ministerio de Salud, el cual prohíbe la entrega de AE en los servicios públicos de salud. Pocos días después, el Gobierno de Chile declaró la supresión de las normas sobre AE de las Normas Nacionales sobre Regulación de la Fertilidad, que forman parte del decreto supremo Nº 48, de 2007, del Ministerio de Salud, por ser inconstitucionales de acuerdo al fallo antes señalado1

MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION OF STREET VENDED FOODS FROM A UNIVERSITY CAMPUS IN BANGLADESH.

Science.gov (United States)

Islam, Sufia; Nasrin, Nishat; Rizwan, Farhana; Nahar, Lutfun; Bhowmik, Adity; Esha, Sayma Afrin; Talukder, Kaisar Ali; Akter, Mahmuda; Roy, Ajoy; Ahmed, Muniruddin

2015-05-01

The microbiological quality of street vended food samples from Dhaka, Bangladesh was evaluated. The objective of the study was to identify the presence of common pathogens (Escherichia coli, Shigella spp, Salmonella and Vibrio spp) and to describe the molecular characterization of E coli, a commonly found pathogen in various street foods. Fifty food samples were collected from fixed and mobile vendors from two sampling locations (Mohakhali and Aftabnagar) in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. The tested samples included deep fried and fried snacks; quick lunch items; pickles; fruit chutney; baked items; spicy, sour and hot snacks etc: Juices, tamarind water and plain drinking water were also tested. Sterile polythene bags were used for collecting 200 g of each category of samples. They were tested for the presence of microorganisms following conventional microbiological processes. Biochemical tests followed by serology were done for the confirmation of Shigella and Salmonella. Serological reaction was carried out for confirmation of Vibrio spp. DNA was isolated for the molecular characterization to detect the pathogenic E. coli by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Out of 50 food samples, six (12%) were confirmed to contain different species of E. coli and Shigella. Molecular characterization of E. coli revealed that three samples were contaminated with enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) and one was contaminated with enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Shigellaflexneri X variant was detected in one food item and Shigella flexneri 2a was found in drinking water. All these enteric pathogens could be the potential cause for foodborne illnesses.

Changes in Sugary Beverage Consumption and Public Perceptions in Upstate New York After Implementation of a Community Awareness Campaign and Healthier Vending Strategies.

Science.gov (United States)

Durant, Danielle J; Lowenfels, Ann; Ren, Jia; Brissette, Ian; Martin, Erika G

2018-02-23

We evaluated the impact of a community-based healthy beverage procurement and serving practices program, and educational media campaign, on residents' behaviors and beliefs regarding sugary beverages. Repeated cross-sectional population surveys in 2013 and 2014 were conducted, as well as semistructured interviews with key informants. We employed multivariate differences-in-differences regression analysis, adjusting for demographics and weight status, using the survey data. Key informant interviews were reviewed for common themes. Three rural counties in upstate New York with high prevalence of children living in poverty and childhood obesity. Residents of Broome, Cattaraugus, and Chautauqua, with Chemung as a control, reached through cross-sectional random-digit-dial landline and cellular telephones, and practitioners involved in intervention implementation. Community organizations were encouraged through presentations to leadership to adopt healthier vending policies, providing more low- and no-sugar options, and were provided assistance with implementation. In addition, a media campaign supported by presentations to the public aimed to educate residents regarding the health consequences of sugary beverage consumption. The survey measured population demographics and sugary beverage consumption frequency, availability, beliefs about harmfulness, and support for regulation, pre- and postintervention. Key informant interviews elicited perceived program challenges and successes. Compared with temporal trends in the control county, availability of regular soda in the intervention counties decreased (differences-in-differences estimator: β = -.341, P = .04) and support for regulation increased (differences-in-differences estimator: β = .162, P = .02). However, there were no differences regarding beliefs about harmfulness or consumption. Practitioners confirmed that the intervention increased awareness but was insufficient to spur action. Although public education on

“En attendant Godot”. La participación ciudadana en el urbanismo, a propósito del debate entre Horacio Capel y Jean-Pierre Garnier.

OpenAIRE

Vicent Boira, Josep

2011-01-01

La participación ciudadana es un canal adecuado para la reforma de la ciudad, aunque debe ser aplicada por convencimiento y a la vista de los avances en el estudio de la concepción del espacio desde la ciencia geográfica. Cuando se cumplen cincuenta años de la edición del libro de Jane Jacobs “Death and life of great American cities” es más importante que nunca debatir sobre el papel activo de los ciudadanos en un sistema democrático electivo. Revisamos estos temas dentro del debate más ampli...

Entre o tecido físico e social das cidades entrevista com Sharon Zukin

OpenAIRE

Frúgoli-Jr., Heitor; Talhari, Julio Cesar

2014-01-01

Entrevista concedida em agosto de 2013 quando da passagem de Sharon Zukin por São Paulo para participar da conferência internacional “Patrimônio cultural: memória e intervenções urbanas” (FAU-USP). Zukin aborda o contexto nova-iorquino com ênfase em seu livro mais recente, Naked city (2010), em que lança um olhar atento às decorrências de vastas intervenções de reurbanização, analisa os meandros do tema da autenticidade urbana e aprofunda uma visão crítica sobre a influência de Jane Jacobs no...

P+C : Proyecto y Ciudad : revista de temas de arquitectura. Número 8

OpenAIRE

Laborda Yneva, José Eulalio

2017-01-01

Proyecto y Ciudad es una revista científica que publica artículos originales y difunde la intención programática y expresiva del Grupo de Investigación ‘Proyecto y Ciudad’, desde el Área de Proyectos Arquitectónicos de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. La revista está dedicada a la investigación, análisis y crítica sobre temas relacionados con la Arquitectura, entendida ésta como un acto complejo y amplio que reúne pensamiento, reflexión, proyecto, expresión dibujada, aplicación constr...

P+C : Proyecto y Ciudad : revista de temas de arquitectura. Número 2

OpenAIRE

Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

2011-01-01

«Proyecto y Ciudad» es una revista científica que publica artículos originales y difunde la intención programática y expresiva del Grupo de Investigación «Cartagena: Proyecto & Ciudad» de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. Está dedicada a la investigación, análisis y crítica sobre temas relacionados con la Arquitectura, entendida ésta como un acto complejo que reúne pensamiento, reflexión, expresión, proyecto, inserción urbana e historia. Va dirigida preferentemente a la comunidad cient...

P+C : Proyecto y Ciudad : revista de temas de arquitectura. Número 3

OpenAIRE

Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena

2012-01-01

«Proyecto y Ciudad» es una revista científica que publica artículos originales y difunde la intención programática y expresiva del Grupo de Investigación «Cartagena: Proyecto & Ciudad» de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena. Está dedicada a la investigación, análisis y crítica sobre temas relacionados con la Arquitectura, entendida ésta como un acto complejo que reúne pensamiento, reflexión, expresión, proyecto, inserción urbana e historia. Va dirigida preferentemente a la comunidad cient...

Feasibility study on the modernization and expansion of the Tema Oil Refinery. Executive Summary. Export trade information

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1992-04-01

The Tema Oil Refinery (TOR), which was commissioned in 1963, is a simple hydro-skimming plant which processes crude oil into LPG, gasoline, kerosene, gasoil, and fuel oil. It is the only petroleum refinery in Ghana. Over the years some of the equipment in the refinery has deteriorated or become obsolete necessitating major rehabilitation. A study of the refinery expansion project takes into consideration earlier studies and, equally important, recognizes the extensive work done by TOR in rehabilitating the refinery. The program, carried out in phases because of funding limitations, has addressed the critical repairs and replacements in the process units and utilities necessary to prolong the life of the refinery and assure reliability and safe operation. It undertook the task of investigating the feasibility of modernizing and expanding the refinery at Tema, Ghana to meet projected market demands until the year 2005. A process planning study was conducted to select the optimal process and utility configuration which would result in economic benefits to Ghana

Removing heavy fuel oil from the submerged wreck of the Jacob Luckenbach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Moffatt, C [PCCI Inc./GPC, Williamsburg, VA (United States); Beaver, T [Global Diving and Salvage Inc., Seattle, WA (United States); Snyder, B [PCCI Inc., Alexandria, VA (United States)

2003-07-01

The Jacob Luckenbach cargo carrier sank in July 1953 just west of the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California after being struck by another vessel. It was carrying a cargo of military vehicles and railroad parts and was topped with heavy No.6 residual oil in deep and double bottom tanks. In 2002, the sunken ship was named as the source of mystery oil spills along the California coast. In response, the United States Coast Guard contracted Titan Maritime LLC and PCCI Inc. to conduct a vessel assessment and removal available oil. Diving services were provided by Seattle-based Global Diving and Salvage. The recovery operation proved difficult due to cold-water saturation diving at depths to 55 metres, strong currents, bad weather and poor subsea visibility. Pumping the heavy residual oil from the tanks also proved to be difficult because some tanks contained oil that was much more viscous than normal No.6 fuel oil, and the tanks had to be heated to more than 78 degrees C to allow for better fluid flow. Some of the abnormal differences in fuel oil rheologies were described along with the tools used to find and recover the oil and to minimize leaks in the wreck. The project, although more difficult than expected, was successful in removing all accessible oil and mitigating the potential for a catastrophic oil release. More than 460 metric tons of heavy fuel oil and emulsified water-in-oil product was removed from the wreck. One of the most important lessons learned was that cohesiveness and a united front are very much needed when a diverse group of salvage personnel are brought together. 1 tab., 5 figs.

A SEGREGAÇÃO SÓCIO-ESPACIAL COMO TEMA GERADOR PARA ESCOLAS DE PERIFERIAS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA EM MARICÁ

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Diego Jasmin Marino

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Esta monografia tem por finalidade discutir a escolha de conteúdos que contemplem a realidade experimentada pelos alunos, apresentando uma experiência realizada em uma escola pública de periferia no município de Maricá - RJ. O ensino de geografia tem seguido o mesmo caminho que outras disciplinas escolares trilham, o de apresentar um currículo que valorize a memorização sem problematizar a realidade, desvalorizando assim a prática do aluno.Trabalhou-se nessa monografia, portanto, com a metodologia dos temas geradores, que busca no universo temático do sujeito a problematização da realidade. No colégio Estadual Euclydes Paulo da Silva que está localizado no bairro de São José de Imbassaí, região que apresenta sérios problemas, devido ao descaso das autoridades, chegou-se ao consenso com os alunos acerca do tema-gerador segregação sócio-espacial, como um tema muito presente em seu cotidiano.Palavras-chaves: ensino de geografia; segregação sócio- espacial; tema gerador.ABSTRACTThis monograph aims to discuss the choice of content that address the reality experienced by the students, presenting an experience in a school in the outskirts of the city of Maricá - RJ. The teaching of geography has followed the same path as other school subjects tread, to present a curriculum that values the memorization without question the reality, thus devaluing the practice of the student. We will work in this article, therefore, the methodology of generating themes, looking at the thematic universe of the subject to questioning of reality. State College Euclydes Paulo da Silva who is located in São José de Imbassaí region, which presents serious problems due to the negligence of the authorities, we reached a consensus with the students about the socio - spatial segregation as a theme present in much their daily lives.Key-words: teaching of geography; socio-spatial segregation; and theme .

Ahead of his time: Jacob Lipman's 1930 estimate of atmospheric sulfur deposition for the conterminous United States

Science.gov (United States)

Landa, Edward R.; Shanley, James B.

2015-01-01

A 1936 New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin provided an early quantitative assessment of atmospheric deposition of sulfur for the United States that has been compared in this study with more recent assessments. In the early 20th century, anthropogenic sulfur additions from the atmosphere to the soil by the combustion of fossil fuels were viewed as part of the requisite nutrient supply of crops. Jacob G. Lipman, the founding editor of Soil Science, and his team at Rutgers University, made an inventory of such additions to soils of the conterminous United States during the economic depression of the 1930s as part of a federally funded project looking at nutrient balances in soils. Lipman's team gathered data compiled by the US Bureau of Mines on coal and other fuel consumption by state and calculated the corresponding amounts of sulfur emitted. Their work pioneered a method of assessment that became the norm in the 1970s to 1980s—when acid rain emerged as a national issue. Lipman's estimate of atmospheric sulfur deposition in the 1930 is in reasonable agreement with recent historic reconstructions.

Perubahan Tema Iklan Menurut Siklus Hidup Produk

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Marselinus Krisna

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract: This research is an descriptive qualitative study about the changes of TV commercial’s themes of Sony PlayStation console in USA at 1995-2010. As human beings, the product has its life cycle. The life cycle of products is very influential in the formation of advertising messages. The Sony PlayStation is one brand of video game console generation to the five released by Sony Computer Entertainment and the most popular in the history of the gaming industry. The life cycle of PlayStation consoles reaches its peak at the time of appearance of the PlayStation 2 console. During the life cycle of the last PlayStation has released several television commercials used to promote this console for the consumer.   Abstrak: Riset ini merupakan studi deskriptif kualitatif tentang perubahan tema iklan televisi dari produk konsol Sony PlayStation di Amerika Serikat pada periode 1995-2010. Seperti manusia, produk juga memiliki siklus hidup. Siklus hidup produk sangat mempengaruhi pembeuatan pesan iklan. Sony PlayStation adalah salah satu merek generasi konsol video game yang dikeluarkan oleh Sony Computer Entertainment dan sangay populer dalam sejarah industri games. Siklus hidup produk konsol PlayStation mencapai puncaknya pada saat dimunculkannya konsol PlayStation 2. Selama periode siklus hidupnya , PlayStation mengeluarkan beberapa iklan televisi yang digunakan untuk mempromosikan konsol kepada para konsumen.

The evaluation of a trial of syringe vending machines in Canberra, Australia.

Science.gov (United States)

McDonald, David

2009-07-01

Syringe vending machines (SVMs) have been trialled in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia, as an intervention aiming to increase the availability of sterile injecting equipment for use by IDUs. This study evaluated the 12-month trial. A utilisation-focused evaluation model, with both formative and summative components, was employed. Four SVMs were installed, each dispensing packs containing four 1 mL syringes and associated injecting paraphernalia. The trial participants were the clients of the SVMs and other key informants. The core measurements used were the number of syringes dispensed in Canberra by SVMs and other outlets, SVM clients' demographics and experiences of and attitudes towards SVMs, perceived impacts of SVMs on needle sharing, unsafe disposal of used syringes in the vicinity of SVMs, and community and stakeholder attitudes. The trial was implemented successfully, with no adverse consequences identified. The SVMs appear to be serving both the usual clients of the other outlets for sterile injecting equipment (community pharmacies and the Needle Syringe Program outlets) and others who are reluctant to use such outlets or find them inconvenient. The out-of-business-hours provision of syringes through the SVMs was particularly welcomed by both SVM clients and other stakeholders. The continuing operation of the initial four SVMs is widely supported, and additional machines are requested by clients and others. Owing to the success of the trial in terms of feasibility and outcomes for both IDUs and for the broader community, it is desirable that providing sterile injecting equipment through SVMs continues and be expanded as an integral component of harm reduction strategies.

Tema 1. Introducción a la geoquímica de las aguas subterráneas

OpenAIRE

Boluda Botella, Nuria

2010-01-01

Tema 1. Introducción a la geoquímica de las aguas subterráneas. Se presenta una introducción de la asignatura. Se manejan conceptos sobre calidad de aguas, muestreo y análisis químico de las aguas, procesos de contaminación, con énfasis en la geoquímica de la intrusión marina.

Students' beliefs and behaviour regarding low-calorie beverages, sweets or snacks: are they affected by lessons on healthy food and by changes to school vending machines?

Science.gov (United States)

Kocken, Paul L; van Kesteren, Nicole M C; Buijs, Goof; Snel, Jeltje; Dusseldorp, Elise

2015-06-01

To study the effects of school lessons about healthy food on adolescents' self-reported beliefs and behaviour regarding the purchase and consumption of soft drinks, water and extra foods, including sweets and snacks. The lessons were combined with the introduction of lower-calorie foods, food labelling and price reductions in school vending machines. A cluster-randomized controlled design was used to allocate schools to an experimental group (i.e. lessons and changes to school vending machines) and a control group (i.e. 'care as usual'). Questionnaires were used pre-test and post-test to assess students' self-reported purchase of extra products and their knowledge and beliefs regarding the consumption of low-calorie products. Secondary schools in the Netherlands. Twelve schools participated in the experimental group (303 students) and fourteen in the control group (311 students). The students' mean age was 13.6 years, 71.5% were of native Dutch origin and mean BMI was 18.9 kg/m(2). At post-test, the experimental group knew significantly more about healthy food than the control group. Fewer students in the experimental group (43%) than in the control group (56%) reported bringing soft drinks from home. There was no significant effect on attitude, social norm, perceived behavioural control and intention regarding the consumption of low-calorie extra products. The intervention had limited effects on students' knowledge and self-reported behaviour, and no effect on their beliefs regarding low-calorie beverages, sweets or snacks. We recommend a combined educational and environmental intervention of longer duration and engaging parents. More research into the effects of such interventions is needed.

O tema do amor em “Bruma (A Estrela Vermelha”, de Murilo Rubião

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Ilma Socorro Gonçalves Vieira

2014-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma análise da manifestação do amor no conto “Bruma (a estrela vermelha”, de Murilo Rubião, como sugestão de um processo individual marcado pelo anseio inconsciente de alcançar a plenitude humana. O entendimento é de que o tema do amor se apresenta associado ao do ciúme e que as inquietações vividas e narradas pelo protagonista sugerem um paradoxal sentimento que se oculta, ao mesmo tempo em que se revela, no discurso e nas imagens presentes na narrativa. A base da análise consiste na hermenêutica simbólica, conforme as pesquisas de Gilbert Durand acerca das estruturas antropológicas do imaginário, juntamente com estudos na perspectiva da semiótica das paixões, desenvolvidos por Greimas e Fontanille, além dos trabalhos de Jorge Schwartz – voltado à investigação dos traços distintivos da poética muriliana –, de Suzana Cánovas – a respeito do universo fantástico de Rubião – e de Salma Silva – sobre as formas sob as quais o tema do amor pode se apresentar no texto literário.

LIBROS DIDÁCTICOS DE GEOGRAFÍA DE ENSEÑANZA BÁSICA: una propuesta para el tratamiento del tema de los residuos sólidos

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Liz Cristiane Dias Sobarzo

2011-06-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: En este artículo se aborda el tratamiento del tema de residuos sólidos en los libros didácticos. El objetivo principal es analizar la importancia de ese material en la práctica pedagógica, además de delimitar los avances, las prioridades, las lagunas y la fragmentación, relacionados a esa temática, que se identifican en los libros didácticos de Geografía del segundo ciclo de la enseñanza básica. A partir de los análisis expuestos se pretende contribuir para que las discusiones del tema, realizadas en el ámbito científico, sean materializadas en las salas de clases, además de sugerir medidas metodológicas y teóricas que auxilien en la adquisición de los conocimientos. En términos operacionales, fueron analizadas las colecciones seleccionadas por el Programa Nacional del Libro Didáctico (PNLD en 2007, con base en directrices formuladas por profesores universitarios que realizan investigaciones vinculadas a la temática de los residuos sólidos. Los principales resultados alcanzados indican que en los libros existe la tendencia al tratamiento de los temas sobre residuos sólidos como un problema de la sociedad. Aunque exista en algunas colecciones la preocupación en proponer formas de reducción del consumo, del desperdicio y alternativas de reutilización, esas informaciones aparecen de forma puntual, dificultando la construcción del conocimiento acerca del asunto. RESUMO: Este artigo tem como finalidade demonstrar como é tratado o tema de resíduos sólidos nos livros didáticos. O objetivo é analisar a importância desse material em sala de aula, além de delimitar os avanços, as prioridades, as lacunas e a fragmentação relacionadas ao tema de resíduos sólidos, presentes nos livros didáticos de Geografia do segundo ciclo do ensino fundamental. O intuito é contribuir para que a discussão do tema, realizada no âmbito científico, seja materializada nas salas de aula, além de apresentar sugestões te

CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEBATE ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF RAW MILK FROM VENDING MACHINES

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Ján Šnelcer

2011-07-01

Full Text Available Normal 0 21 false false false SK X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Microbiological quality or raw milk from vending maschine was analyzed in this work. Despite the pathogenic bacteria may be present in raw milk, the analyses and evaluations were focused to bacterial indicators only. Refer to total bacterial counts, the criterion ≤ 100,000 cfu/ml met 12 from 15 samples (80% and all samples complied with the supplementary criterion of 5×104 cfu/ml for psychrotrophs. Numbers of coagulase-positive staphylococci ranged closely around the average value 2.9×102 cfu/ml. Average numbers of coliforms and E. coli in raw milk were found 4.34 ± 0.42 and 3.25 ± 0.83 log CFU/ml, respectively. These values significantly exceeded even the limits applicable in the past. On the basis of unchanged numbers of these bacteria in milk after 24 h at 6 °C, we assume that the high numbers of coliforms and E. coli present in milk are the result of fecal contamination and not growth. As E. coli is an indicator of faecal contamination of raw milk comprising the possible presence of Salmonella sp. Campylobacter sp. and other pathogens, microbiological survey suggested appropriate preventive measures that should be applied in terms of risk management.doi:10.5219/98

Decompressive laminectomy for lumbar stenosis: review of 65 consecutive cases from Tema, Ghana.

Science.gov (United States)

Andrews, N B; Lawson, H J; Darko, D

2007-01-01

There have been previous reports describing patients with lumbar stenosis (LS) in West Africa; however, to date no such report has been published from Ghana. To provide data on the pattern of lumbar stenosis and the effects of decompressive lumbar laminectomy (DLL) on the clinical course of LS in Tema. Sixty-five consecutive patients who underwent DLL for lumbar stenosis over between January 2001 and December 2004 had their medical records analyzed. The parameters of interest included demographics, pre and post surgical clinical status utilizing the modified low back pain clinical scoring system, operative procedure and complications. Sixty-five patients (36M, 29F) with a mean age of 51 years constituted the series. All had failed conservative treatment; each patient was operated on once at our institution. Eighty nine percent of the series presented with neurogenic claudication and accompanying motor and sensory deficits. Twenty-seven patients (41.5%) underwent bilateral DLL; the rest underwent unilateral DLL. The mean preoperative score for the series was 2.3; that for males 2.6, females 1.9 (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between patients 60 years. The mean postoperative score for the series was 8.7. There was a significant difference between preoperative and postoperative scores of series. No mortality was recorded The complication rate was 15%. In Tema, decompressive lumbar laminectomy for lumbar stenosis achieves significant clinical improvement with attendant low morbidity and mortality rates in patients who have failed conservative treatment. Accompanying disc excision and or fusion are required in only a small minority of patients.

OS TEMAS GÊNERO E SEXUALIDADE NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL

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Maria de Fátima Costa de Paula

2014-12-01

Full Text Available As práticas escolares, cotidianamente, se veem atravessadas por situações relacionadas aos temas gênero e sexualidade infantil quando as crianças fazem perguntas e vivem experiências que levam o educador a deparar-se com o seu desconhecimento, a sua cultura e os seus medos. A pesquisa objetivou conhecer as concepções e as práticas dos educadores sobre gênero e sexualidade das crianças. Sexualidade e gênero são construções relacionadas ao poder e à regulação e, como dispositivos fundamentais ao processo de subjetivação, mostram-se relevantes no trabalho com a infância. O estudo entrelaçou dados da(s: (a pesquisa com observação participante; (b coleta de informações, registro de observações livres e narrativas das crianças e da equipe pedagógica; (c discussões e trocas de conhecimentos na formação continuada dos educadores; (d situações-problema sobre os temas gênero e sexualidade na escola e d análise de material bibliográfico priorizando as teses de estudiosos da infância, gênero e sexualidade. As inferências (1 desvelam ocultamentos e silenciamentos dos educadores acerca da temática; (2 expõem experiências problemáticas que os levam ao enfrentamento de situações inusitadas, relativas à sexualidade das crianças, desencadeando decisões num complexo terreno de incertezas, singularidades e de conflito de valores; (3 evidenciam falas dos educadores que carregam marcas de angústias e constrangimentos sobre o sexual; (4 revelam desconhecimentos da equipe pedagógica sobre os temas gênero e sexualidade infantil. Palavras-chave: educação infantil, sexualidade, gênero, formação docente.   The everyday school practices are related to gender and infant sexuality subjects because children ask teachers questions and also experience things which make educators face embarrassing situations to answer them because of their culture and fears. The research had the target of knowing the educators�

A literatura paradaniélica de Qumran, as idades do mundo e as monarquias mundiais: o tema da árvore cósmica

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Vicente Dobroruka

2008-10-01

Full Text Available O tema mítico da árvore cósmica sobre a qual repousa o mundo funde-se com o tema das monarquias mundiais; por si só isso bastaria para apontar uma influência, mas também uma relação muito próxima entre doutrinas judaicas e iranianas. É de se notar, no entanto, que aqui não se trata de uma única árvore com galhos esparsos, mas de várias árvores; a imaginação do visionário deu um salto significativo, nesse aspecto.

Exploring barriers to accessing physiotherapy services for stroke patients at Tema general hospital, Ghana.

Science.gov (United States)

Nketia-Kyere, Mercy; Aryeetey, Genevieve Cecilia; Nonvignon, Justice; Aikins, Moses

2017-01-01

Physiotherapy has been shown to reduce the risk of disability among stroke patients. Poor adherence to physiotherapy can negatively affect outcomes and healthcare cost. However, very little is known about barriers especially to physiotherapy services in Ghana. The objective of this study was to assess the barriers to physiotherapy services for stroke patients at Tema General Hospital (TGH). The individual/personal and health system barriers to physiotherapy services at TGH were determined. A cross-sectional study design was employed. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 207 respondents for a face-to-face interview. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on individual/personal barriers of respondents to physiotherapy services and were described using the Likert's scale. Health system barriers were assessed using a self-structured questionnaire which had section under the following heading: human factors, physiotherapy modalities, physical barriers and material/equipment factors. The time spent waiting for physiotherapy and attitude of physiotherapist towards patients; physiotherapy modality such as electrotherapy, exercise therapy and massage therapy among others were some of the indices measured. Respondents' adherence to Medication was assessed with the Morisky 8-item medication adherence questionnaire. Data were entered and analysed using Epi info 7 and STATA 12.0. Associations between the variables were determined using a chi-square test and logistic regression model was used to test the strength of associations between the independent and the dependent variables. The level of statistical significance was set at p  Tema General Hospital.

Temas ambientais relevantes Relevant environmental issues

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Eneas Salati

2006-04-01

Full Text Available NESTE trabalho, são indicados os principais temas ambientais para o Brasil, num futuro próximo (2022. Impactos do aumento da temperatura são estudados através de cenários, que podem modificar o balanço hídrico em algumas regiões, tendo sido observado um aumento da ordem de 0,78ºC no período de 1917 a 2003, na região de Piracicaba. Para a região amazônica, foi observado um aumento de 0,56ºC durante o século XX. Tanto o desmatamento quanto as Mudanças Climáticas Globais atuam na direção de um aumento da temperatura, enquanto o desmatamento influi na direção de uma diminuição das precipitações. O desmatamento provoca, ainda, uma grande perda de biodiversidade, sendo estimadas em uma perda entre 8.000 até 34.000 espécies, considerando-se que o desmatamento aumenta em 1% ao ano.THIS PAPER indicates the environmental issues that must necessarily be approached, in Brazil, in a near future (2022. A study was made on some aspects of the effects of deforestation and Global Climate Change. A temperature rise around 0,78% has been observed during period of 1917 and 2003 in the Piracicaba region. For the Amazon region a rise of 0,56% was observed the 20th Century. The existing information indicates that not only deforestation but also Global Climate Changes act upon temperature rise. Deforestation has direct influence in precipitation decrease. The consequences of Global Climate Change are still unknown, being that some models indicate a precipitation rise and others a decrease. Deforestation also provokes great biodiversity loss, estimated between 8.000 to 34.000 species, considering that deforestation raises 1% per year.

AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO ORGANIZACIONAL E GESTÃO DE PROCESSOS: MAPEAMENTO DO TEMA

OpenAIRE

Chaves, Leonardo Corrêa; Ensslin, Leonardo; Andrade de Lima, Marcus Vinícius; Ensslin, Sandra Rolim

2017-01-01

Este trabajo, de naturaleza descriptiva, tiene el propósito de tornar evidente el mapeo del tema evaluación del desempeño organizacional y gestión de procesos por medio de Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist (ProKnow-C). La investigación inicial, que involucró 5.183 artículos, fue la primera etapa para llegar a un Portfolio Bibliográfico (PB) formado por 18 artículos publicados en revistas científicas internacionales. Al final del trabajo fue posible identificar los más prolíficos:...

25 años. Temas Médicos

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Fernando Serpa Florez

1996-04-01

Full Text Available

La publicación del Volumen XV de Temas Médicos, celebrada por la Academia Nacional de Medicina con el natural beneplácito que este esfuerzo por la ciencia significa, coincide con un cuarto de siglo de labor constante y plausible del Académico Alberto Albornoz Plata, para hacer realidad tan señalado logro.

La revista Medicina en la presente edición publica –con justa satisfacción las palabras que con este motivo pronunciaron durante la Sesión Solemne que en tal ocasión realizó nuestra corporación, el doctor Joaquín Ordóñez, Director de los Laboratorios Farmacéuticos ITALMEX, que en forma altruista ha patrocinado esta eminente obra, sino -así mismo- la revista Medicina, órgano de la Academia Nacional de Medicina, renuevo de la centenaria “Revista Médica de Bogotá” fundada el siglo pasado.

La afirmación que al respecto hizo el Presidente de la Academia, cuando manifestó que “el doctor Joaquín Ordóñez al frente de los Laboratorios ITALMEX nos da cada día que pasa muestras de su grandeza de espíritu y de su generosidad sin límites” ,expresa el sentimiento de reconocimiento que abrigamos por su colaboración y ayuda a nuestro Instituto.

También ilustran hoy nuestras páginas las disertas palabras del Académico Alberto Albornoz, en que se consignan las diversas vicisitudes que hubo de superarse para llegar a la culminación del admirable aporte que para la medicina colombiana constituyen los importantes libros cuyos veinticinco años de insomne dedicación conmemoramos.

Podemos afirmar que en los quince volúmenes de Temas Médicos queda escrita para la consulta y el estudio de las futuras generaciones parte importante de la medicina patria.

Con razón el doctor Gilberto Rueda Pérez, Presidente de nuestra entidad dijo que: “Esta publicación de la Academia Nacional de Medicina, que tuvo su origen precisamente hace 25 años por feliz iniciativa de su Editor permanente desde su

23 CFR 752.5 - Safety rest areas.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-04-01

... for the handicapped. (b) The State may permit the placement of vending machines in existing or new... allowed. Such vending machines shall be operated by the State. (c) The State may operate the vending... vending machines. In permitting the placement of vending machines the State shall give priority to vending...

Cutting edge SRU control : improved environmental compliance with Jacobs advanced burner control+ (ABC+)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Molenaar, G. [Jacobs Canada Inc., Calgary, AB (Canada); Henning, A.; Kobussen, S. [Jacobs Nederland BV, Hoogvliet (Netherlands)

2009-07-01

Oil sands bitumen contains approximately 4 to 5 per cent sulphur by weight and the bitumen is upgraded to produce lighter fractions. During coking the bitumen is heated and cracked into lighter molecules and a mixture of kerosene, naphtha and gas oil is recovered via fractionation. Then, the vapors leaving the fractionator are processed through hydrodesulphurization, followed by removal by amine based sweetening units. The acid gas from the ASUs is sent to the sulphur recovery units (SRUs) where most of the sulphur is recovered as elemental sulphur. The oil sands industry faces many challenges with respect to environmental impact, energy use and greenhouse gas emissions including the recovery of sulphur and minimizing hydrogen sulfide (H{sub 2}S) and sulphur dioxide (SO{sub 2}) emissions from the oil sands production facilities. In order to improve the SRU control response to acid gas feed variations, Jacobs Comprimo Sulphur Solutions implemented advanced burner control+ (ABC+) at Suncor's Simonette Gas Plant's SRU in northern Alberta. This control system used an acid gas feed analyzer and dynamic algorithms to control the combustion air to the reaction furnace. The analyzer measures H{sub 2}S, total hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) and water (H{sub 2}O) accurately and quickly, which is important for having effective and fast air-to-acid gas ratio control. The paper provided background information on the Suncor Simonette Gas Plant and discussed ABC+ versus conventional control. An overview of the simplified ABC and ABC+ systems was then illustrated and presented. The ABB multiwave process photometer was also explained. Last, a dynamic simulation of the potential benefits of ABC+ was discussed and the ABC+ benefits for oil sands were presented. It was concluded that ABC+ provides improved SRU performance, reduced SO{sub 2} emissions and violations, and reduced flaring. 1 tab., 3 figs.

Development of a High-Performance Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchanger with Vortex Generators for a Vending Machine

Science.gov (United States)

Iwasaki, Masamichi; Saito, Hiroshi; Mochizuki, Sadanari; Murata, Akira

The effect of delta-wing-vortex generators (combination of a delta wing and a delta winglet pair) on the heat transfer performance of fin-and-tube heat exchangers for vending machines has been investegated. Flow visualizations, numerical simulations and heat transfer experiments were conducted to find an optimum geometrical shape and arrangement of the vortex generators. Maximum heat transfer enhancement was achieved by the combination of (a) the delta wing with the apex angle of 86 degrees and (b) the delta winglet pair with the inline angle of 45 degrees. In relatively low Reynolds number range, about 40 % increase in heat transfer coefficient was attained with the above mentioned combination of the vortex generators compared to the ordinary heat exchangers with plain fins. It was revealed that the heat transfer enhancement was attributed to (1) the longitudinal vortexes generated by the delta wing and (2) the reduction of wake area behind the tube. It was also found that an increase in the apex angle of the delta wing brought about heat transfer enhancement, and the scale as well as the streggth of the induced longitudinal vortices played an important role in the heat transfer performance.

TEMAS DE ATENÇÃO PRÉ-HOSPITALAR PARA INFORMAÇÃO DE ESCOLARES: A PERSPECTIVA DOS PROFISSIONAIS DO SAMU

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Larissa Larie Mota

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de investigar, desde la perspectiva de los profesionales del SAMU, los principales temas de atención pre-hospitalaria (APH, como subsidios para el desarrollo de una herramienta educativa enfocada en la población escolar. Estudio cualitativo, con cuatro reuniones en la modalidad de grupos focales, con 19 profesionales del SAMU, de una ciudad de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Los datos fueron categorizados y analizados con la técnica de análisis temático. Los resultados destacaron las principales cuestiones o problemas de salud de la herramienta de urgencia y de emergencia para el modelado y la posible aplicación en el contexto del Programa de Salud Escolar. Se concluyó que los temas seleccionados son fundamentales en el contexto de la APH, por la gravedad potencial y la posibilidad de involucrar niños, incluso dentro del ambiente escolar.

Temas e problemas nos projetos de pesquisa Thems and problems in research projects

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alvaro Bianchi

2007-05-01

Full Text Available O ponto de partida da atividade cienífica é o espanto e a admiração perante o desconhecido que provocam a imaginação científica, conduzindo o investigador à escolha de uma dada temática. Relevância para o mundo real e contribuição para um campo específico do conhecimento são, aqui, critérios de definição temática. Para o cientista, o tema de pesquisa é o terreno sobre o qual ele formulará problemas relevantes de investigação capazes de suprir lacunas em nossos conhecimentos. Tais problemas devem ser construídos de tal maneira que suas soluções não só esclareçam aspectos até então não explicados do tema, como apontem para novos problemas, ou seja, futuras investigações científicas. Constatando a crescente exigência de monografias de conclusão de curso para a obtenção de título nos cursos de graduação, o artigo procura construir um guia para a definição de temas e a formulação de pesquisa nas ciências humanas. Para tanto, procederá a uma reconstrução metodológica do caminho percorrido por C. Wright Mills em sua obra The power elite. Palavras-chave: Metodologia da pesquisa. Pesquisa cientifica. Problemas científicos. The starting point of the scientific activity is the puzzle and admiration in face of the unknown, which, certainly, will challenge the scientific imagination, leading the researcher in the choice of a certain theme. Relevance for the real world and contribution for a specific field of knowledge are the basic criteria for the thematic definition used here. For the scientist, the theme of the research is the base to formulate relevant research problems able to fill in the gaps of our knowledge. Such problems must be built in such a way that is solutions will not only clarify some aspects of the theme that remained not explained but also provide a path for new questions, i.e., for new scientifc researches to come. As there is a growing demand of under-graduate monographs for

Comparison of Test Procedures and Energy Efficiency Criteria in Selected International Standards and Labeling Programs for Clothes Washers, Water Dispensers, Vending Machines and CFLs

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fridley, David; Zheng, Nina; Zhou, Nan

2010-06-01

Since the late 1970s, energy labeling programs and mandatory energy performance standards have been used in many different countries to improve the efficiency levels of major residential and commercial equipment. As more countries and regions launch programs covering a greater range of products that are traded worldwide, greater attention has been given to harmonizing the specific efficiency criteria in these programs and the test methods for measurements. For example, an international compact fluorescent light (CFL) harmonization initiative was launched in 2006 to focus on collaboration between Australia, China, Europe and North America. Given the long history of standards and labeling programs, most major energy-consuming residential appliances and commercial equipment are already covered under minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) and/or energy labels. For these products, such as clothes washers and CFLs, harmonization may still be possible when national MEPS or labeling thresholds are revised. Greater opportunity for harmonization exists in newer energy-consuming products that are not commonly regulated but are under consideration for new standards and labeling programs. This may include commercial products such as water dispensers and vending machines, which are only covered by MEPS or energy labels in a few countries or regions. As China continues to expand its appliance standards and labeling programs and revise existing standards and labels, it is important to learn from recent international experiences with efficiency criteria and test procedures for the same products. Specifically, various types of standards and labeling programs already exist in North America, Europe and throughout Asia for products in China's 2010 standards and labeling programs, namely clothes washers, water dispensers, vending machines and CFLs. This report thus examines similarities and critical differences in energy efficiency values, test procedure specifications and

La ciencia política en Colombia en el 2005-2006 : el análisis del conflicto armado y de las elecciones, dos temas tradicionales, pero con enfoques nuevos

OpenAIRE

Garibay , David

2007-01-01

Este reseña presenta un panorama de las trabajos académicos en ciencia politica publicados en Colombia en 2005 y 2006. Los temas del analisis del conflicto armado interno y del comportamiento electoral han dominado la produccion cientifica colombiana. Estos dos temas, sobre los cuales existe una tradicion establecida en Colombia, han sido tratados con enfoques nuevos, y de manera autonoma uno del otro

32 CFR 260.3 - Definitions.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... operations. Direct competition. The presence and operation of a DoD Component vending machine or a vending... machines or vending facilities operated in areas serving employees, the majority of whom normally do not... the United States. Vending facility. Automatic vending machines, cafeterias, snack bars, cart service...

El tema del duelo en la práctica del trabajador social

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Laisa Regina Di Maio

2015-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es hacer una reflexión sobre el tema del duelo por pérdida y muerte y sus manifestaciones en la práctica profesional. El análisis se centra en el duelo vivido por los familiares de las víctimas, como resultado de la violencia urbana, y en los niños que se encuentran en situación de pérdida del derecho de la convivencia familiar. Inicialmente, presentamos contribuciones teóricas acerca del duelo por pérdida y muerte. A continuación, analizamos las posibilidades de trabajo con el duelo a partir de dos relatos de la práctica profesional, que se enfocan en los niños albergados y adoptados.

The hydrochemistry of groundwater in rural communities within the Tema District, Ghana.

Science.gov (United States)

Fianko, Joseph Richmond; Nartey, Vincent K; Donkor, Augustine

2010-09-01

A detailed study has been carried out on groundwater in rural communities in the Tema District of the Greater Accra region of Ghana to establish the hydrochemistry and identify the various sources of contaminants as well assess the physical and chemical quality of the groundwater to ascertain their wholesomeness and the health impacts of the groundwater on the communities. The groundwater was found to vary considerably in terms of chemical and physical properties. Generally, the water was mildly acidic (pH 4.3-7.4), brackish to fresh, and undersaturated with respect to gypsum and halite. The majority of groundwater clustered toward Ca-Mg-SO(4) and Na-Cl facies. About 70% of boreholes sampled have elevated levels of NO(3)(-) -N, Cl(-), and SO(4)(2-) emanating from anthropogenic activities.

The microbiological quality of pasteurized milk sold by automatic vending machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Angelidis, A S; Tsiota, S; Pexara, A; Govaris, A

2016-06-01

The microbiological quality of pasteurized milk samples (n = 39) collected during 13 weekly intervals from three automatic vending machines (AVM) in Greece was investigated. Microbiological counts (total aerobic (TAC), total psychrotrophic (TPC), Enterobacteriaceae (EC), and psychrotrophic aerobic bacterial spore counts (PABSC)) were obtained at the time of sampling and at the end of shelf-life (3 days) after storage of the samples at 4 or 8°C. TAC were found to be below the 10(7 ) CFU ml(-1) limit of pasteurized milk spoilage both during sampling as well as when milk samples were stored at either storage temperature for 3 days. Enterobacteriaceae populations were below 1 CFU ml(-1) in 69·2% of the samples tested at the time of sampling, whereas the remaining samples contained low numbers, typically less than 10 CFU ml(-1) . All samples tested negative for the presence of Listeria monocytogenes. Analogous microbiological data were also obtained by sampling and testing prepackaged, retail samples of pasteurized milk from two dairy companies in Greece (n = 26). From a microbiological standpoint, the data indicate that the AVM milk samples meet the quality standards of pasteurized milk. However, the prepackaged, retail milk samples yielded better results in terms of TAC, TPC and EC, compared to the AVM samples at the end of shelf-life. Recently, Greek dairy farmers organized in cooperatives launched the sale of pasteurized milk via AVM and this study reports on the microbiological quality of this product. The data show that AVM milk is sold at proper refrigeration temperatures and meets the quality standards of pasteurized milk throughout the manufacturer's specified shelf-life. However, based on the microbiological indicators tested, the keeping quality of the tested prepackaged, retail samples of pasteurized milk at the end of shelf-life upon storage under suboptimal refrigeration temperature (8°C) was better. © 2016 The Society for Applied

The publication strategies of Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779-1848): negotiating national and linguistic boundaries in chemistry.

Science.gov (United States)

Beckman, Jenny

2016-04-01

This article follows the publication strategies of the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779-1848). It focuses on the role of language and translation in Berzelius' efforts to strengthen his own reputation, and that of Swedish science. As an author and editor, Berzelius encouraged the translation of his own works into several languages, while endeavouring to preserve the status of Swedish as a language of scientific publication in the face of French, and increasingly German and English, dominance. Reforming the Transactions of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and launching several new scientific periodicals, Berzelius also attempted to influence the publication practices in other countries. Recent scholarship on the history of scientific publication has drawn attention to the practical difficulties of determining and getting hold of the relevant publications in one's field, the 'malleability' of the journal medium, and the common practice of reprinting and summarising papers published elsewhere. Berzelius' publication strategies highlight translation - time-consuming, unreliable and problematic in terms of authorisation and ownership - as one aspect of the wider problem of communicating across national and linguistic boundaries. Berzelius' struggles with the practicalities of communicating across borders in times of war, the choice of language and its consequences, and national standards of publication, demonstrate the importance of a transnational perspective on the history of scientific publication.

Balanced Scorecard na Gestão Universitária: mapeamento sobre o tema utilizando o proknow-c

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lucas dos Santos Matos

2015-05-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1983-4535.2015v8n2p50 A crescente importância do ensino superior no cenário econômico e social tem obrigado as universidades a melhorarem seus métodos de gestão, e uma das formas utilizadas tem sido a aplicação do Balanced Scorecard. Esta pesquisa, de natureza exploratório-descritiva, com abordagem quali-quantitativa, objetiva construir o conhecimento necessário sobre a utilização do Balanced Scorecard na gestão universitária, realizando um mapeamento sobre o tema a partir das delimitações dos pesquisadores. Esse conhecimento é tangibilizado pela seleção de artigos relevantes e com reconhecimento científico sobre o tema. É utilizada análise bibliométrica da literatura internacional, por meio do processo Knowledge Development Process – Constructivist (ProKnow-C. Os principais resultados obtidos foram: (i International Journal of Educational Management é o periódico de maior destaque; (ii “Commodification of education and academic LABOUR - using the balanced scorecard in a university setting” destaca-se entre os artigos; (iii Janne Kettunen é o autor mais prolífico.

Optimization of shell-and-tube heat exchangers conforming to TEMA standards with designs motivated by constructal theory

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yang, Jie; Fan, Aiwu; Liu, Wei; Jacobi, Anthony M.

2014-01-01

Highlights: • A design method of heat exchangers motivated by constructal theory is proposed. • A genetic algorithm is applied and the TEMA standards are rigorously followed. • Three cases are studied to illustrate the advantage of the proposed design method. • The design method will reduce the total cost compared to two other methods. - Abstract: A modified optimization design approach motivated by constructal theory is proposed for shell-and-tube heat exchangers in the present paper. In this method, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is divided into several in-series heat exchangers. The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association (TEMA) standards are rigorously followed for all design parameters. The total cost of the whole shell-and-tube heat exchanger is set as the objective function, including the investment cost for initial manufacture and the operational cost involving the power consumption to overcome the frictional pressure loss. A genetic algorithm is applied to minimize the cost function by adjusting parameters such as the tube and shell diameters, tube length and tube arrangement. Three cases are studied which indicate that the modified design approach can significantly reduce the total cost compared to the original design method and traditional genetic algorithm design method

Assessment of DDT, HCH and PAH contamination and associated ecotoxicological risks in surface sediments of coastal Tema Harbour (Ghana).

Science.gov (United States)

Botwe, Benjamin O; Kelderman, Peter; Nyarko, Elvis; Lens, Piet N L

2017-02-15

This study assessed DDTs, HCHs and PAHs contamination in sediments from the Tema Harbour (Ghana) and the associated ecotoxicological risks. The results showed widespread DDTs, HCHs and PAHs contamination in the harbour sediments with mean concentrations ranging from 6.0-12.8, 2.8-12.7 and 2750-5130μg·kg -1 d·w, respectively. The silt-clay and total organic carbon contents of the sediments poorly correlated with the pollutant concentrations. DDTs and HCHs contamination relate to past use of DDT and lindane, which under the anoxic harbour conditions resulted in disproportionately higher concentrations of p,p'-DDD and γ-HCH in the sediments. No conclusion could be drawn on the sources of PAHs as either petrogenic or pyrogenic. The pollutant concentrations in the harbour sediments, particularly γ-HCH, may pose high ecotoxicological risks. In comparison to a previous study, this study indicates there has been a considerable reduction in PAH contamination in the Tema Harbour since the last major oil spill in 2007. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

O tema da atenção no debate filosófico contemporâneo e sua importância na formação humana

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Genivaldo de Souza Santos

2015-05-01

Full Text Available O tema da atenção faz parte de uma temática esquecida e não valorizada pela filosofia e por sua história na medida em que seus laços com os pressupostos fundamentais da filosofia moderna constituem sua identidade. Assim, o tema da atenção ganhou importância e foi recuperado por estudiosos da filosofia antiga que, numa espécie de desvio dos pressupostos modernos, perceberam que a filosofia em sua plenitude não poderia ser considerada apenas como uma produção/exposição de um sistema teórico desligado da experiência que fazemos no mundo, mas que ela deveria ser tomada como modo de viver que nos implica profundamente e que pode ser praticado, exercitado, tendo como finalidade uma espécie de autotransformação (trans-formação humana. Buscamos ir além do sentido epistemológico atribuído ao tema da atenção, para tomá-lo como um tema eminentemente ético, na medida em que implica uma atitude que procura a ação mais adequado à situação. Como nova temática que visa arejar o debate filosófico e pedagógico, carece de uma sistematização, o que buscaremos com este trabalho, elegendo como referência teórica a obra de Pierre Hadot (1999, 2003, 2009.

Levels of Polychlorinated Bihpenyls (PCBs) in plastic resin pellets collected from selected beaches in Accra and Tema

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Agbo, I.A.

2012-01-01

This research seeks to investigate marine pollution along selected beaches in Accra and Tema in Ghana by measuring the levels of PCBs in plastic resin pellets. The PCB congeners identified included PCB numbers; 28, 52, 101, 105, 153, 156, 138 and 180. PCB numbers was deducted in all sample locations. The mean concentrations values were in the range of 0.4-3.23 μg/kg, 3.43-5.67 μg/kg, 0.33-2.73 μg/kg, 0.13-0.93 μg/kg and 0.13-0.2 μg/kg for PCB-28, 52, 101, 153, 180 respectively. The highest concentration of PCBs recorded in the study was that of PCB numbers 52 (5.67μg/kg), from the independence square beach. Generally, it was observed that the white pellets from most of the beaches absorbed higher levels of PCBs followed by the coloured and fouled pellets (white > coloured > discoloured). However, the coloured pellets from Tema Sakumono Beach retained higher levels of PCBs (10.3μg/kg) than the white pellets. The average concentration of PCB congeners detected ranges between 0.02 μg/kg and 2.25 μg/kg. The percentage distribution of the individual congeners are in the decreasing order of PCB 28 (43%) > PCB 52 (28%) > PCB 101 (11%), > PCB 156 (10%) > PCB 153 (5%), > PCB 180 (2%) > PCB 138 (1%) > PCB 105 (0%). The results also show that the sum total concentration of PCSs from the various sample locations ranged from 6.8 μg/kg to 47 μg/kg, with the highest concentration occurring at the Accra Independence Square Beach and the least concentration at Korle Gonno Beach. The pollution level is in the order of AISB> TSB> TMB> AACB> LB> KGB> (Accra Independence Square Beach > Tema Sakumono Beach > Tema Mighty Beach > Accra Art Center Beach Labadi Beach > Korle Gonno Beach). Results from the INAA for chlorine analysis revealed that coloured pellets had more extracted organochlorine than the fouled and the white pellets (Coloured> Fouled> White). The range of EOCI mean concentration in all samples ranged from 2.24mg/kg to 30.90 mg/kg. The range of EOCI mean

Informatsioonilise enesemääramise õigus ja jälitustegevus: isiku õigus teada saada tema suhtes tehtud jälitustoimingutest / Meeli Rondel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rondel, Meeli

2016-01-01

Informatsioonilise enesemääramise õiguse olemusest. Isiku õigusest teada saada tema suhtes tehtud jälitustoimingutest. Enesemääramise õiguse laienemisest juriidilisele isikule, juriidilise isiku õigustest jälitustoimingutega kogutud andmete töötlemise protsessis

Field handling conditions of raw milk sold in vending machines: experimental evaluation of the behaviour of Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Renato G. Zanoni

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The direct sale by farmers of raw milk for human consumption has been allowed in Italy since 2004. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behaviour of selected foodborne pathogens in raw milk sold in vending machines, in field handling conditions, and during shelf-life from production to consumption. Temperature of storage of raw milk in 33 farms authorized to produce and sell raw milk were investigated from farm to vending machine delivery, together with consumer habits in one province of the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. Failure to maintain appropriate low temperatures during shelf-life was recorded and 43% of consumers did not boil milk before consumption. Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Campylobacter jejuni strains were inoculated into raw milk samples, and the best (4°C as established by law and worst temperature storage conditions detected (variable temperature were simulated. Boiling tests were performed for each pathogen considered at high and low levels of contamination. Results showed an increase in L. monocytogenes in milk stored at 4°C and at variable temperatures recorded in shelf-life monitoring, an increase in E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium at variable temperatures but not at 4°C, and a decrease in C. jejuni in all storage conditions. Boiling milk is effective in making it safe for consumers. This study provides evidence that appropriate handling of raw milk, maintaining low temperatures, together with consumer education concerning boiling raw milk before consumption are key factors in preventing foodborne infections linked to raw milk consumption, and helps assess the risk of foodborne infection linked to raw milk consumption.

Autoestima: un factor relevante en la vida de la persona y tema esencial del proceso educativo

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

María Luisa Naranjo Pereira

2007-01-01

Full Text Available Este artículo trata sobre la autoestima como un aspecto de enorme relevancia en la vida de la persona, por cuanto contribuye a que su existencia sea más satisfactoria. La estima propia es una necesidad humana, configurada por factores tanto internos como externos, un proceso dinámico y multidimensional que se construye y reconstruye a lo largo del ciclo vital. En el ámbito concreto de la educación, se considera que facilitar el logro de una estima positiva debe ser el propósito más alto del proceso educativo. Se analiza la relación entre la autoestima y el autoconcepto y como ambos se vinculan con variables relacionadas con las actitudes de la población estudiantil hacia las actividades académicas y el éxito escolar. Se estudia asimismo los diversos componentes de la autoestima: autoimagen, autovaloración, autoconfianza, autocontrol, autoafirmación, autorrealización y las metas de superación personal en cada componente. Se hace referencia al tema de las características y actitudes de las personas con una alta o una baja autoestima y los factores vinculados con éstas. Se incluye también los temas de la influencia de las distorsiones cognitivas y de personas significativas en la construcción de la autoestima y finalmente se enfatiza en la relación entre autoestima y resultados educativos.

Credit rating calibration

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Hampel

2012-01-01

Full Text Available In this paper we deal with determination of chosen characteristics of vending business in the Czech Republic. Vending seems to be dynamically developing sector of economics. A strong competition is present in this market. This can be a reason that new ideas of improvement appear continuously. Primary data are used to characterize vending business from the perspective of consumer as well as vending operator. The data are used as input to statistical tests; results are summarized and presented in economic terms. At first, survey (about 600 respondents is analyzed in empirical way. It is informative in such sense, that vending machines are used by majority of users, more often in school or workplace. The main reasons of using vending machines are speed of shopping and no other shopping possibility. Further part is devoted to comparison of prices under different situations. For example, there are differences among various vending machine locations. Vending machine prices are not necessarily higher than prices in shops or cafeterias. Finally, operator profitability is explored based on company internal data. Among others, hot drinks vending machines are more profitable than vending machines selling bottled beverages of packaged food in general.

Los temas de La memoria colectiva del golpe de estado de 1976 en argentina en función de la ideología y Las generaciones

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Felipe Juan Muller

2016-01-01

Full Text Available El recuerdo del Golpe de Estado de 1976 en Argentina ofrece una oportunidad para estudiar los procesos de formación y composición de la memoria colectiva. En el trabajo que se informa se estudió cómo los contenidos del recuerdo del golpe son afectados por dos factores: las generaciones que lo recuerdan y la ideología política de los participantes. Con este objetivo, se solicitó a 52 participantes argentinos y de ambos sexos que completaran una tarea de Recuerdo Libre en torno a los hechos del Golpe de Estado de 1976. Se dividió la muestra en dos grupos de 26 sujetos, uno estuvo compuesto por personas que vivieron durante esos años (mayores de 48 años y el otro, por personas de una generación que no vivió aquella época (menores de 30. Se consideró también la ideología política de los participantes (Izquierda o Derecha. Se utilizó un enfoque de análisis descriptivo, centrado en analizar el contenido del recuerdo, considerando qué temas / ideas principales lo conformaban. Los resultados muestran una mayoría de temas comunes al recuerdo de los distintos grupos. Estos elementos comunes conformarían una memoria nacional del golpe. También muestran que la generación y la ide ología política promueven temas / ideas principales propios de cada grupo. Aquellos de la gene ración mayor recordaron más temas / ideas prin cipales de tipo contextual y emocional / afectivo. Los de la generación menor recordaron en mayor medida los hechos acontecidos durante la dictadura. Los sujetos del grupo de Izquierda recordaron temas / ideas principales vinculados a la violencia de Derecha y más aspectos contextuales que los del grupo de Derecha. Se propone que hay un sistema de memoria nacional que operaría en los sujetos y que es afectado por las metas y objetivos de cada grupo.

Sachet drinking water in Ghana's Accra-Tema metropolitan area: past, present, and future.

Science.gov (United States)

Stoler, Justin; Weeks, John R; Fink, Günther

2012-01-01

Population growth in West Africa has outpaced local efforts to expand potable water services, and private sector sale of packaged drinking water has filled an important gap in household water security. Consumption of drinking water packaged in plastic sachets has soared in West Africa over the last decade, but the long-term implications of these changing consumption patterns remain unclear and unstudied. This paper reviews recent shifts in drinking water, drawing upon data from the 2003 and 2008 Demographic and Health Surveys, and provides an overview of the history, economics, quality, and regulation of sachet water in Ghana's Accra-Tema Metropolitan Area. Given the pros and cons of sachet water, we suggest that a more holistic understanding of the drinking water landscape is necessary for municipal planning and sustainable drinking water provision.

Los finos del árido calizo de machaqueo en la fabricación de hormigones de altas prestaciones: datos para un tema en discusión

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Etxebarría, A.

2000-06-01

Full Text Available This paper deals with the use of crushed limestone aggregate, fine and coarse, in High Performance Concrete (H.P.C. manufacturing. Firstly, different international research projects about this subject are presented and following, a focus on the Spanish experience is made. In addition the paper provides a list of works made in Spain with H PC from crushed limestone aggregates and a complete bibliography section about the subject in discussion.

En este artículo se trata el tema de la utilización de los áridos calizos de machaqueo, tanto gruesos como finos, en la fabricación de Hormigones de Altas Prestaciones (H.A.P. Para ello se comentan, en primer lugar, los diferentes trabajos de investigación desarrollados en este sentido a nivel internacional, para, posteriormente, centrarse en las investigaciones más recientes que, sobre este tema, se han desarrollado en España. Se presenta, asimismo, una lista de obras ejecutadas en España con H.A.P. con árido calizo y se facilita una amplia lista bibliográfica sobre el tema en discusión.

32 CFR 260.4 - Policy.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... blind vending facilities. (d) Specified income from vending machines operated on DoD-controlled property... Department of Defense (Continued) OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (CONTINUED) MISCELLANEOUS VENDING... shall be given priority in the establishment and operation of vending facilities. (b) The blind shall be...

76 FR 48831 - Arbitration Panel Decision Under the Randolph-Sheppard Act

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-09

... to manage the Marion County vending route comprised of vending machines at the Oregon Department of... cafeteria was selling items in competition with Complainant's vending machines. On October 4, 2006... vendor complained of unexpected low earnings soon after he began operating the vending machines. Thus...

31 CFR 11.2 - Policy.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... vending facilities, including vending machines, on property controlled by the Department of the Treasury... States. Treasury bureaus shall ensure that the collection and distribution of vending machine income from vending machines on Treasury-controlled property shall be in compliance with the regulations set forth in...

76 FR 16392 - Notice of Proposed Information Collection Requests

Science.gov (United States)

2011-03-23

... vending facilities (including cafeterias, snack bars, vending machines, etc.) located on federal and other... Code of Federal Regulations, at 34 CFR 395.8, specifies that vending machine income received by the... Rehabilitative Services Type of Review: Revision. Title of Collection: Report of Randolph-Sheppard Vending...

Lessons Learned From a Healthful Vending Pilot Program in Delaware State Agency Buildings, 2011–2012

Science.gov (United States)

Lessard, Laura; Trotter, Mary

2014-01-01

Introduction Changes in food availability in worksites can result in changes in eating behavior and weight status. Nemours Health and Prevention Services, in conjunction with partners in Delaware, conducted a 6-month pilot program to assess the feasibility and impact of requiring that 75% of the items in vending machines in 3 state agency buildings have healthful items. Methods We collected process evaluation data from October 2011 through April 2012 by taking weekly photographs of all machines to record the number of healthful items available. Outcomes were measured through sales reports designed to enumerate changes in number and type of items sold and overall profit from each building. Results We found challenges in fully implementing the 75% goal. In one of the 3 buildings, all machines were compliant within 7 weeks; in another, full compliance did not occur until week 19. Despite these challenges, the number of items sold in each machine was comparable to numbers from the previous year. Total profits from each building varied across the 3 sites and during the pilot. One building had a 51% increase in profits in January 2012 compared with profits averaged for January 2011 and January 2010. In contrast, monthly profit at another building fluctuated from an increase of 6% to a loss of 30%. Conclusion Overall, our results suggest that collaborative efforts can result in a feasible intervention with little negative influence on profits. PMID:25144678

43 CFR 13.2 - Application for permit.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-10-01

..., Education, and Welfare under the Randolph-Sheppard Vending Stand Act may apply for permits to establish and maintain vending facilities, including both vending stands and machines, to be operated by blind persons... Public Lands: Interior Office of the Secretary of the Interior VENDING FACILITIES OPERATED BY BLIND...

Revisión del tema de sinergias corporativas: origen, resultados y beneficiarios

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Luz Maria Rivas

2017-04-01

Full Text Available La materialización de sinergias es un reto para la administración de empresas multinegocios. En este texto se presenta el estado del conocimiento sobre las sinergias en el subcampo de la estrategia corporativa. Para ello se estudian artículos publicados entre 2003 y 2015 en revistas académicas, reconocidas por el Institute for Scientific Information-ISI Web of Science y por Scimago. Esta revisión de tema diferencia las investigaciones que abordan las sinergias como resultado en la etapa de adquisición y se centra en la de integración, donde la práctica administrativa toma mayor relevancia. Por lo tanto, se propone estudiar las sinergias a partir de criterios de clasificación identificados en la literatura: origen, resultados y beneficiarios. De esta forma, reconocer la diversidad de sinergias abre un camino para enfrentar el reto de la administración multinegocios.

Volumen y transparencia. AEG, Fagus, Bauhaus, evolución de un tema de esquina

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Rafael García

1994-06-01

Full Text Available Los edificios objeto de este estudio forman un conjunto ya clásico en su consideración como hitos en el proceso de la arquitectura moderna. Existe a este respecto una larga tradición historiográfica, comenzada por Pevsner', en la que se los presenta como eslabones de una misma cadena. Especialmente en los dos primeros, la fábrica de turbinas de la AEG y la Fagus, la comparación básica y casi ya tópica, se ha centrado en el carácter de sus esquinas, con alguna referencia ulterior al tratamiento de este mismo tema en el pabellón de talleres de la Bauhaus en Dessau, de gran afinidad con los anteriores.

34 CFR 395.17 - Suspension of designation as State licensing agency.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... protection of Federal property on which vending machines subject to the requirements of § 395.32 are located in the State. Upon the suspension of such designation, vending machine income from vending machines... maintenance, operation and protection of the Federal property on which such vending machines are located...

Los temas que nos (pre)ocupan. Análisis de la agenda oculta de los docentes.

OpenAIRE

Perez, Fernanda; Segretin, Claudia Marcela

2015-01-01

La preocupación y la ocupación teórica en torno a las posibilidades y limitaciones de la escuela como espacio de construcción y circulación de saberes y como agente de socialización y formación ciudadana constituyen un tema privilegiado en la investigación educativa. La lectura y la reflexión en torno a las diversas problemáticas que emergen en la escuela como correlato de la “cuestión social” y de las reconfiguraciones de las subjetividades son parte del quehacer docente, en el marco de una ...

La educación ambiental como tema transversal en el área de conocimiento del medio

OpenAIRE

Pérez Rojo, Patricia

2013-01-01

La problemática ambiental constituye un tema de interés social a día de hoy, pues es el ser humano el responsable del deterioro de los hábitats y las condiciones ambientales de nuestro planeta. Por ello, es necesario potenciar la educación ambiental en la escuela como medio para transmitir una serie de valores y hábitos que encaminen a las generaciones hacia una forma de vida respetuosa con el medio ambiente consiguiéndose así la formación de una conciencia social basada en el cuidado del en...

Human campylobacteriosis related to the consumption of raw milk sold by vending machines in Italy: Quantitative risk assessment based on official controls over four years.

Science.gov (United States)

Giacometti, Federica; Bonilauri, Paolo; Amatiste, Simonetta; Arrigoni, Norma; Bianchi, Manila; Losio, Marina Nadia; Bilei, Stefano; Cascone, Giuseppe; Comin, Damiano; Daminelli, Paolo; Decastelli, Lucia; Merialdi, Giuseppe; Mioni, Renzo; Peli, Angelo; Petruzzelli, Annalisa; Tonucci, Franco; Piva, Silvia; Serraino, Andrea

2015-09-01

A quantitative risk assessment (RA) model was developed to describe the risk of campylobacteriosis linked to consumption of raw milk sold in vending machines in Italy. Exposure assessment was based on the official microbiological records of raw milk samples from vending machines monitored by the regional Veterinary Authorities from 2008 to 2011, microbial growth during storage, destruction experiments, consumption frequency of raw milk, serving size, consumption preference and age of consumers. The differential risk considered milk handled under regulation conditions (4°C throughout all phases) and the worst time-temperature field handling conditions detected. Two separate RA models were developed, one for the consumption of boiled milk and the other for the consumption of raw milk, and two different dose-response (D-R) relationships were considered. The RA model predicted no human campylobacteriosis cases per year either in the best (4°C) storage conditions or in the case of thermal abuse in case of boiling raw milk, whereas in case of raw milk consumption the annual estimated campylobacteriosis cases depend on the dose-response relationships used in the model (D-R I or D-R II), the milk time-temperature storage conditions, consumer behaviour and age of consumers, namely young (with two cut-off values of ≤5 or ≤6 years old for the sensitive population) versus adult consumers. The annual estimated cases for young consumers using D-R II for the sensitive population (≤5 years old) ranged between 1013.7/100,000 population and 8110.3/100,000 population and for adult consumers using D-R I between 79.4/100,000 population and 333.1/100,000 population. Quantification of the risks associated with raw milk consumption is necessary from a public health perspective and the proposed RA model represents a useful and flexible tool to perform future RAs based on local consumer habits to support decision-making on safety policies. Further educational programmes for raw milk

Os buracos da lousa: reflexões sobre um tema de pesquisa The holes in the chalkboard: reflections on a research topic

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Silvia Elizabeth Moraes

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo examina a validade, relevância e exeqüibilidade de um tema de Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia. Discute quais critérios podem ser utilizados pelos professores-orientadores no julgamento de um tema de pesquisa para analisar caminhos e resultados esperados em monografias, dissertações e teses em geral. Salienta o processo de construção de um saber teórico-prático tanto por parte do aluno quanto por parte do professor-orientador. Vale-se de um estudo de caso, recorrendo à coleta de dados feita através da análise documental, observação participante, entrevista gravada e conversas telefônicas. Conclui que na pesquisa em educação é necessário formular perguntas simples que tenham a capacidade de relacionar o micro com o macro, o individual com o coletivo, o tópico com o tema, a ciência com a vida.This article analyses the validity, relevance and feasibility of an undergraduate research topic in Education. It starts with a question - which criteria can we, advisors, use in judging a good research theme - in order to analyze ways and results expected in graduate and post-graduate thesis and dissertations. It emphasizes the process of constructing a theoretical-practical knowledge as much as for the student and the teacher-advisor. A case study approach is adopted and the data were collected through documental analysis, participant observation, recorded interview and telephone conversations. The conclusion is that in educational research it is necessary to formulate simple questions that are capable of relating the micro with the macro, the individual with the collective, the topic with the theme, science with life.

Ambiente, saúde e trabalho: temas geradores para ensino em saúde e segurança do trabalho no Acre, Brasil

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Josina Maria Pontes Ribeiro

Full Text Available O artigo apresenta ambiente, saúde e trabalho como temas geradores necessários à construção de uma tecnologia social para educação profissional, considerando a ergologia como perspectiva de análise, e, o diálogo, como estratégia de ensino em Saúde e Segurança no Trabalho para Agentes de Combate a Endemias em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil. A definição dos temas geradores é resultado do diálogo entre pesquisadores de diferentes áreas, trabalhadores que atuam ou atuaram no combate às endemias, bem como de discentes e docentes do Curso Técnico em Segurança do Trabalho no Instituto Federal do Acre (IFAC, mediante exercício de atividades de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. As pesquisas histórica e documental permitiram que se estabelecessem os nexos entre os projetos de desenvolvimento que impactaram significativamente o ambiente e as relações de trabalho na saúde daí resultantes.

Paediatric HUS Cases Related to the Consumption of Raw Milk Sold by Vending Machines in Italy: Quantitative Risk Assessment Based on Escherichia coli O157 Official Controls over 7 years.

Science.gov (United States)

Giacometti, F; Bonilauri, P; Piva, S; Scavia, G; Amatiste, S; Bianchi, D M; Losio, M N; Bilei, S; Cascone, G; Comin, D; Daminelli, P; Decastelli, L; Merialdi, G; Mioni, R; Peli, A; Petruzzelli, A; Tonucci, F; Liuzzo, G; Serraino, A

2017-11-01

A quantitative risk assessment (RA) was developed to estimate haemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) cases in paediatric population associated with the consumption of raw milk sold in vending machines in Italy. The historical national evolution of raw milk consumption phenomenon since 2008, when consumer interest started to grow, and after 7 years of marketing adjustment, is outlined. Exposure assessment was based on the official Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC) microbiological records of raw milk samples from vending machines monitored by the regional Veterinary Authorities from 2008 to 2014, microbial growth during storage, consumption frequency of raw milk, serving size, consumption preference and age of consumers. The differential risk considered milk handled under regulation conditions (4°C throughout all phases) and the worst time-temperature field handling conditions detected. In case of boiling milk before consumption, we assumed that the risk of HUS is fixed at zero. The model estimates clearly show that the public health significance of HUS cases due to raw milk STEC contamination depends on the current variability surrounding the risk profile of the food and the consumer behaviour has more impact than milk storage scenario. The estimated HUS cases predicted by our model are roughly in line with the effective STEC O157-associated HUS cases notified in Italy only when the proportion of consumers not boiling milk before consumption is assumed to be 1%. Raw milk consumption remains a source of E. coli O157:H7 for humans, but its overall relevance is likely to have subsided and significant caution should be exerted for temporal, geographical and consumers behaviour analysis. Health education programmes and regulatory actions are required to educate people, primarily children, on other STEC sources. © 2016 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Propuesta de modificación al programa de Enfermería para incluir temas sobre la discapacidad infantil

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María Cristina Pérez Guerrero

Full Text Available Con el objetivo de diseqar una propuesta de modificacisn al programa de la formacisn de enfermeros y sugerir la inclusisn de temas sobre la discapacidad infantil, que permitan instruir al personal en formacisn, se realizs un estudio descriptivo cualitativo, en dos etapas, en la primera, mediante entrevistas se recogis la opinisn del claustro de profesores de la Licenciatura en Enfermerma de la Universidad de Ciencias Midicas de Camag|ey, en una segunda etapa se aplics el mitodo de Panel de Expertos, en el que participaron diez expertos seleccionados de manera intencional a partir de su prestigio, experiencia y vinculacisn a la docencia, en lo referido al tema. Se analizaron los programas rectores de la carrera de formacisn en Enfermerma. El analisis de los mismos permitis apreciar aspectos tan importantes como el trabajo con la familia del discapacitado, o los procedimientos propios del manejo en el domicilio del discapacitado, los cuales no son objeto de estudio en la carrera. Se diseqs una estrategia curricular teniendo en cuenta los objetivos pedagsgicos a cumplimentar con las modificaciones propuestas. Se impone la necesidad de incluir en los programas de estudios aspectos relacionados con esta compleja tematica. Constituye un reto entonces para la universidad continuar desarrollando estrategias que permitan el desarrollo del proceso docente educativo y garanticen calidad en el egresado.

UMA PROPOSTA INTERDISCIPLINAR DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL A PARTIR DO TEMA ÁGUA

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Taisa Layane Salazar Querioz

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Resumo: A educação ambiental se constitui numa ferramenta poderosa de apoio à preservação da qualidade de água pura para as futuras gerações. Desta forma, a inserção de temas ambientais nas atividades pedagógicas deve ter como objetivo principal a formação do cidadão crítico, participativo e ecologicamente consciente. O presente trabalho objetivou a inserção da educação ambiental em uma escola municipal de ensino fundamental da cidade de Codó/Maranhão-Brasil tendo como tema gerador a água, desenvolvendo tópicos relacionados à educação e preservação ambiental. A metodologia aplicada se constituiu de análise, planejamento, construção, ensaio e implementação no âmbito escolar, por meio de atividades cooperativas interdisciplinares, de ações de fomento da educação ambiental, a partir da temática água, levando em consideração o contexto local. Foi baseada na indissociabilidade do tripé ensino-pesquisa-extensão. De forma geral, os licenciandos foram bem aceitos no ambiente escolar, e rapidamente fizeram parte do cotidiano dos alunos, o que evidencia a boa aceitação do projeto na escola, nesta etapa inicial do projeto. Após a inserção no ambiente escolar e durante o período de observação foi diagnosticada uma situação problema bastante relevante na escola, o lixo escolar, visto que o lixo sólido também impacta na concepção da qualidade da água, uma vez que o destino final deste material pode ser o próprio rio da cidade. Observou-se que o conjunto de trabalhos realizados com os alunos, além de gerar discussão e divulgação científica, suscitou uma série de atitudes no âmbito ambiental, o que já proporciona contribuições significativas aos alunos do ensino fundamental da escola Municipal Remy Archer da cidade de Codó – Maranhão, principalmente em relação às suas formações como cidadãos e sujeitos ecológicos. Palavras-chave: Qualidade da água, Ensino fundamental, Projetos

Nunca está de más volver sobre el tema: contaminación del océano y las zonas costeras.

OpenAIRE

Baisre, J. A.

2008-01-01

Se explican temas relacionados con la contaminación marina como son la alteración de los flujos de sedimento, el enriquecimiento excesivo de las aguas costeras, la basura, los compuestos orgánicos sintéticos, las aguas albañales, el petróleo y los metales pesados.

Cuatro temas críticos de la educación superior en Colombia: Estado, instituciones, pertinencia, equidad social

OpenAIRE

Gómez Campo, Víctor Manuel

2000-01-01

Analizando los cambios suscitados a partir de la Ley 30 de 1992 y manejando cuatro temas decisivos en los lineamientos de la educación superior, como el Estado, las instituciones, la pertinencia y la equidad social. / Contenido. Preliminares; Capítulo 1 - Calidad, pertenencia y relaciones con el estado; Capítulo 2 - Problemas referidos a la acreditación, la equidad social de oportunidades de educación superior y la diversificación de la oferta institucional; Anexos

Da formação discursiva a Semântica global: breve analise do tema corrupção em programas de governo das eleições presidenciais 2006

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Roberto Leiser BARONAS

2009-07-01

Full Text Available Neste ,trabalho do mirante da Análise de Discurso francesa analisamos textualizações do discurso político em Programas de Governo de candidatos a presidente do Brasil das últimas eleições. Trabalhamos como o tema Corrupção foi dado a circular nesses distintos programas de governo. Mobilizamos inicialmente o conceito de formação discursiva, elaborado por Courtine (2007 em Análise do discurso: o discurso comunista endereçado aos cristãos, procurando verificar como os enunciados que dizem o tema Corrupção se inscrevem numa rede de filiações tanto interdiscursivas quanto intradiscursivas e, por último, li luz do conceito de semântica global elaborado por Maingueneau (2005, em Gênese dos discursos. verificamos como esse tema é regrado por um conjunto de restrições semânticas que autoriza. aquilo que pode e deve ser dito pelo discurso. Tais restrições afetam a intertextualidade; o vocabulário; os temas; o estatuto do enunciador e do destinatário: a dêixis enunciativa; o modo de enunciação, a vocalidade e o modo de coesão do discurso. O corpus de análise constitui-se por recortes dos Programas de Governo dos candidatos: Cristovam Buarque PDT, Geraldo Alkmin PSDB, Luiz Inácio da Silva PT e Heloísa Helena PSOL. A escolha dos Planos dos candidatos se justifica pela classificação que obtiveram no processo eleitoral de 2006.

Da formação discursiva a Semântica global: breve analise do tema corrupção em programas de governo das eleições presidenciais 2006

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Roberto Leiser BARONAS

2013-11-01

Full Text Available Neste ,trabalho do mirante da Análise de Discurso francesa analisamos textualizações do discurso político em Programas de Governo de candidatos a presidente do Brasil das últimas eleições. Trabalhamos como o tema Corrupção foi dado a circular nesses distintos programas de governo. Mobilizamos inicialmente o conceito de formação discursiva, elaborado por Courtine (2007 em Análise do discurso: o discurso comunista endereçado aos cristãos, procurando verificar como os enunciados que dizem o tema Corrupção se inscrevem numa rede de filiações tanto interdiscursivas quanto intradiscursivas e, por último, li luz do conceito de semântica global elaborado por Maingueneau (2005, em Gênese dos discursos. verificamos como esse tema é regrado por um conjunto de restrições semânticas que autoriza. aquilo que pode e deve ser dito pelo discurso. Tais restrições afetam a intertextualidade; o vocabulário; os temas; o estatuto do enunciador e do destinatário: a dêixis enunciativa; o modo de enunciação, a vocalidade e o modo de coesão do discurso. O corpus de análise constitui-se por recortes dos Programas de Governo dos candidatos: Cristovam Buarque PDT, Geraldo Alkmin PSDB, Luiz Inácio da Silva PT e Heloísa Helena PSOL. A escolha dos Planos dos candidatos se justifica pela classificação que obtiveram no processo eleitoral de 2006.

Sachet drinking water in Ghana’s Accra-Tema metropolitan area: past, present, and future

Science.gov (United States)

Weeks, John R.; Fink, Günther

2013-01-01

Population growth in West Africa has outpaced local efforts to expand potable water services, and private sector sale of packaged drinking water has filled an important gap in household water security. Consumption of drinking water packaged in plastic sachets has soared in West Africa over the last decade, but the long-term implications of these changing consumption patterns remain unclear and unstudied. This paper reviews recent shifts in drinking water, drawing upon data from the 2003 and 2008 Demographic and Health Surveys, and provides an overview of the history, economics, quality, and regulation of sachet water in Ghana’s Accra-Tema Metropolitan Area. Given the pros and cons of sachet water, we suggest that a more holistic understanding of the drinking water landscape is necessary for municipal planning and sustainable drinking water provision. PMID:24294481

La salud y el medio ambiente, un tema bioético

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Ana María Cid-Elorriaga

2016-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivo: evidenciar la importancia del pensamiento bioético para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la vida del ser humano. Desarrollo: se revisaron los conceptos de salud, medio ambiente, problema ambiental, ecología y bioética destacándose la evolución de esta última a través del desarrollo social y se citan los análisis y la preocupación de grandes pensadores con respecto al tema. Se expone como se ha manifestado la concientización y las medidas tomadas a nivel global y en Cuba por el cambio climático ocasionado por el maltrato y deterioro de la naturaleza en su conjunto. Se comentan las afectaciones que pronostican el cambio climático sobre el medio ambiente y la salud humana. Se analiza la importancia del conocimiento de la bioética en este conflicto. Conclusiones: es importante que el personal médico se apodere de conocimientos ambientalistas a partir del dominio de la bioética, para con ello influir en la creación de una conciencia social ecológica que ayude a preservar la salud humana.

Análisis de la política prohibicionista de Estados Unidos hacia Colombia en el tema de las drogas ilícitas

OpenAIRE

Quiñones Villegas, José David

2012-01-01

El análisis de la política exterior de EE.UU hacia Colombia en el tema de las drogas ilícitas, revela en qué consiste el prohibicionismo y cuáles han sido sus resultados en Colombia y los países vecinos.

Smart and intelligent sensor payload project

Science.gov (United States)

2009-01-01

Engineers working on the smart and intelligent sensor payload project include (l to r): Ed Conley (NASA), Mark Mitchell (Jacobs Technology), Luke Richards (NASA), Robert Drackett (Jacobs Technology), Mark Turowski (Jacobs Technology) , Richard Franzl (seated, Jacobs Technology), Greg McVay (Jacobs Technology), Brianne Guillot (Jacobs Technology), Jon Morris (Jacobs Technology), Stephen Rawls (NASA), John Schmalzel (NASA) and Andrew Bracey (NASA).

A música popular brasileira na construção do conhecimento em Saúde Pública: o tema processo de trabalho e saúde

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José Augusto Pina

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este estudo destaca temas relativos ao trabalho e à saúde na música popular brasileira, especialmente no samba. Tem como objetivo apresentar um corpo de conhecimentos sobre o tema processo de trabalho e saúde. Nas canções selecionadas foram identificadas categorias tomadas como ponto de partida para discussão com a literatura. Com o desenvolvimento do texto, percebe-se o manancial da canção popular para proporcionar conteúdos sobre múltiplas dimensões do processo de trabalho e do processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores, inclusive a dimensão coletiva e histórica da luta pelo direito à saúde. Esta pesquisa resultou na valorização da música popular brasileira como uma forma de se entenderem as relações trabalho-saúde e de se desenvolver conhecimento em Saúde Coletiva.

A preliminary survey of central nervous system tumors in Tema, Ghana.

Science.gov (United States)

Andrews, N B; Ramesh, R; Odjidja, T

2003-06-01

In January 2000, the first ever neurosurgical program in Tema was established. This preliminary survey was conducted for the following purposes. 1) to determine the relative frequencies of the various histopathological types of CNS tumors. 2) To relate the occurrence of the various types of CNS tumors to age, sex, symptoms, neurologic findings and location. 3) to review the current use of neurodiagnostic modalities. A retrospective analysis of the records of 30 consecutive patients seen at T. I. N. with histologically proven CNS tumors was carried out. The following parameters were analysed; sex, age, symptoms, neurologic status, surgical procedure, histopathological diagnosis, pre and post operative Karnofsky rating. 30 patients (14M, 16F) constituted the series. Their mean age was 39.8 (R 2-72, SD, 18.7) years. The difference between the mean ages of patients with intracranial or spinal tumors was not significant (P>0.05). For intracranial tumors, there was a significant difference between the mean ages of those with infratentorial and supratentorial tumors. Spinal tumors constituted 13% of the series and they all presented with paraplegia. Eighty seven percent had intracranial tumors; of these 27% presented with headaches and 31% with seizures. Only 62% of patients with intracranial tumors presented with neurologic deficits. CT scanning was the diagnostic modality utilized in the diagnosis of all the intracranial tumors. Cerebral angiography was not obtained in any case. Myelography and post myelography CT scanning diagnosed all spinal tumors. Surgical procedures for CNS tumors constituted 23% of all neurosurgical surgical procedures performed during the study period. All patients with spinal tumors underwent laminectomy only. Sixty five percent of those with intracranial tumors underwent craniotomy; 34% underwent stereotactic biopsy. The most common intracranial tumor was high-grade astrocytoma (HGA), 23%. The left frontal lobe was the most common location of

Analysis of satisfaction of final consumers: a study in a company of Vending Machines sector in the city of Santa Maria – RS

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Maíra Nunes Piveta

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Organizations are inserted in a globalized competitive environment that suffers transformations and constantly advances. Given this scenario, the Alpha company, which sells coffee vending machines and supplies, adopted as a strategy to approach their final consumers. In this way, the overall objective of this study was to identify and assess the degree of satisfaction of the consumers of Alpha company with respect to the products and drinks and digital marketing in social media. The search can be classified as descriptive as to the nature with quantitative approach through the implementation of a research tool with a sample of 120 consumers of Alpha company at the points of sale. The survey results indicated that, in general, the satisfaction of consumers for products Alpha is great, except when it comes to price and quantity of sugar. Still, it was observed that the scope of the actions of Alpha digital marketing is low, being evidenced by means of low degrees of satisfaction justified by lack of consumer knowledge. Finally, opportunities and suggestions for improvement were presented.

"Ma vannun tema niuete kui paleuse nimel ..." : [luuletused] / tlk. Andres Ehin, tlk. Ly Seppel

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

Sisu: "Ma vannun tema niuete kui paleuse nimel ..." ; "Ta on nagu kuu, kelle kuma kõik kummuli kukutab ..." ; "Kuu südaöösel ennustab me jäävat lahkujääma ..." ; "Ei hinda naisterahvas kasinuse mulli ..." ; "Ta nõtket kaela kutsun ligemale ..." ; "Meid ühte heitma tõmbab armuköis ..." ; "Meil kahel pole mõtet lahku minna ..." ; "Ei kuuga saa võrrelda sind, sest et kuu läheb looja ..." ; "Allah ise su ilude hoob on ja kang ..." ; "Kui meesterahvale läeb korda meesterahvas ..." ; "Ja kuis ka kiremöll tal südames ei hulla ..." ; "Teie jaoks ei ole minu võlurohke kallike ..." ; "Oli see vast poisike, nägu ilu täis ..." ; "Aeg tagasi kalli las toob, et mind suisa salvata ...". Tundmatute autorite kirjutatud luuletused jutukogust "1001 ööd" (9. - 10. saj)

Modern Volunteer Army Experiment - 1971

Science.gov (United States)

1971-07-26

enable the Fort Banning Exchange to lease up to 115 beer vending machines . Instal- lation began on 15 February and to date 91 beer vending ...166, which permitted the sale of beer through vending machines . A contract was ^warded the Vendo Company of Kansas City, Missouri, on 27 January to... vending machines in the dayrooms, sales are not meeting the AAFES requirement that each machine be economically self-sustaining. AAFES requires

Tema y narración en Eyes Wide Shut

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cánovas Méndez, Marcos

2011-04-01

Full Text Available The narrative and thematic complexity of the film Eyes Wide Shut, directed by Stanley Kubrick, requires an interpretation that takes into account the interrelation between the subject of the film, the plot and the novella on which it is based, Traumnovelle (Dream Story, by Arthur Schnitzler. The plot revolves around a single theme, the sexual impulses of a couple –and the dreams and fantasies related to them– in a story where sexual episodes follow one another throughout. The scenes portrayed are a projection of the unconscious mind (in dreams, in fantasies, and also in far-fetched reality, acquiring increasing intensity till the bathos of everyday life returns at the end of the film.A partir de la complejidad argumental y temática de la película Eyes Wide Shut, dirigida por Stanley Kubrick, se presenta una propuesta interpretativa que analiza la relación entre el tema de la película, la trama narrativa y la novela en que se basa, Traumnovelle (Relato soñado, de Arthur Schnitzler. La estructura argumental se sostiene en un elemento temático específico, los impulsos sexuales de una pareja –y los sueños y las fantasías vinculados–, en una trama en la que se suceden episodios que representan estos impulsos. Las escenas proyectan las tendencias del inconsciente de los personajes (en sueños, en fantasías y también en situaciones dudosamente reales de forma cada vez más intensa, hasta llegar al anticlímax de cotidianidad con que concluye la película.

COMO LOS LABIOS DE UNA MISMA BOCA. CUATRO ACERCAMIENTOS A LA POESÍA MEXICANA DE TEMAS HOMOSEXUAL Y GAY

OpenAIRE

Jesús Eduardo García Castillo

2013-01-01

Este trabajo propone que la poesía mexicana de temas gay y homosexual puede dividirse cronológicamente en cuatro etapas sucesivas: una descrip - tiva, cuya dominante es referencial; una sublimada, en la que predomina la intención paradójica de ocultar y declararse al mismo tiempo; una que subraya la semejanza corporal como característica preponderante del homoerotismo y, por último, una etapa que se centra en lo corporal, para expresar no sólo con honestidad y libertad, sino con irreverencia,...

An investigation of the usability of sound recognition for source separation of packaging wastes in reverse vending machines.

Science.gov (United States)

Korucu, M Kemal; Kaplan, Özgür; Büyük, Osman; Güllü, M Kemal

2016-10-01

In this study, we investigate the usability of sound recognition for source separation of packaging wastes in reverse vending machines (RVMs). For this purpose, an experimental setup equipped with a sound recording mechanism was prepared. Packaging waste sounds generated by three physical impacts such as free falling, pneumatic hitting and hydraulic crushing were separately recorded using two different microphones. To classify the waste types and sizes based on sound features of the wastes, a support vector machine (SVM) and a hidden Markov model (HMM) based sound classification systems were developed. In the basic experimental setup in which only free falling impact type was considered, SVM and HMM systems provided 100% classification accuracy for both microphones. In the expanded experimental setup which includes all three impact types, material type classification accuracies were 96.5% for dynamic microphone and 97.7% for condenser microphone. When both the material type and the size of the wastes were classified, the accuracy was 88.6% for the microphones. The modeling studies indicated that hydraulic crushing impact type recordings were very noisy for an effective sound recognition application. In the detailed analysis of the recognition errors, it was observed that most of the errors occurred in the hitting impact type. According to the experimental results, it can be said that the proposed novel approach for the separation of packaging wastes could provide a high classification performance for RVMs. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

"Mu vend mu õde ja mina põgeneme Valguskoonused kalduvad ..." = "Min bror min syster och jag flyr Ljuskäglor välter över vägkanten ..." : [luuletused] / Catharina Gripenberg ; tlk. Juta-Tiia Mägi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Gripenberg, Catharina

2004-01-01

Sisu: "Mu vend mu õde ja mina põgeneme Valguskoonused kalduvad ..." = "Min bror min syster och jag flyr Ljuskäglor välter över vägkanten ..."; "Tean, et kajad vastavad, aga väga lühidalt. Valad sa välja oma ..." = "Vet att ekon svarar, men i all korthet. Gjuter du ut ditt hjärta ..."; "Kirjasõber, ma otsin välja jääkraabitsa ..." = "Brevvän, jag lagrar upp med fönsterskapare ..."; "Säravselge hommik. Linnupojad trügivad välja kolbast ..." = "Det var en glasklar morgon. Fågelungarna knuffas från skallen ..."; Armastuskiri = Kärleksbrev

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging - a new instrument in the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jacob's disease; Diffusjonsvektet magnetisk resonanstomografi - nytt i diagnostikken av Creutzfeldt-Jakobs sykdom

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Romi, Fredrik; Smivoll, Alf Inge; Moerk, Sverre; Tysnes, Ole-Bjoern

2000-07-01

Creutzfeldt-Jacob's disease (CID) is characterised by rapidly progressive dementia, ataxia, myoclonus and several other neurological deficits. It generally affects older adults and occurs in sporadic, genetic and iatrogenic forms. Death occurs usually within one year after onset of the disease. The diagnosis is based on clinical criteria, neuro physiological and radiological findings and confirmed by post mortal histopathology. During the last two years several cases of CID have been reported with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MR) abnormalities represented by increased signal intensity indicating reduced diffusion in basal ganglia and/or cortex cerebric. These abnormalities seem to be characteristic of CID. We report a case of CID in a 54 year old woman who developed vertigo, nystagmus, ataxia, myoclonus and dementia over a period of eight months. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed increased signal intensity in corpus striatum and gyrus conguli. The diagnosis was post mortally confirmed with histopathology. (Author) 7 figs., 15 refs.

Un tema «Incómodo e Indecente». El Debate alrededor de la Violación Sexual en el Chile Postautoritario

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benedetta CALANDRA

2011-05-01

Full Text Available El ensayo intenta proponer elementos de reflexión alrededor de la violación sexual a las militantes políticas durante la dictadura del general Augusto Pinochet Ugarte (1973-1990. A una sintética descripción cuantitativa y cualitativa del fenómeno sigue una análisis de los distintos actores sociales que en el Chile postautoritario, según tiempos y modalidades distintas, identifican la violación como verdadera forma de tortura, aislándola a la vez de otras dinámicas represivas. Se trata de una práctica estructural, de larga duración, evidente en la violencia doméstica y ya difundida en el país mucho antes del golpe, que en la especial coyuntura a partir de 1973 se entremezcla con la violencia política, propagándose en la esfera pública. Hasta hoy en día la elaboración del tema, sea a nivel individual sea en el debate público, se presenta difícil y controvertida: tal vez uno de los temas más espinosos que destaca en la ‘historia del tiempo presente’ chileno.

15 CFR 5.1 - Purpose.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... includes vending machines). ... Foreign Trade Office of the Secretary of Commerce OPERATION OF VENDING STANDS § 5.1 Purpose. This part... the Randolph-Sheppard Vending Stand Act (49 Stat. 1559, as amended by the act of August 3, 1954, 68...

10 CFR 431.294 - Uniform test method for the measurement of energy consumption of refrigerated bottled or canned...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... consumption of refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machines. 431.294 Section 431.294 Energy... method for the measurement of energy consumption of refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending... test procedure for energy consumption of refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machines shall...

Credit rating calibration

OpenAIRE

David Hampel; Kateřina Jůzová; Martina Matulíková

2012-01-01

In this paper we deal with determination of chosen characteristics of vending business in the Czech Republic. Vending seems to be dynamically developing sector of economics. A strong competition is present in this market. This can be a reason that new ideas of improvement appear continuously. Primary data are used to characterize vending business from the perspective of consumer as well as vending operator. The data are used as input to statistical tests; results are summarized and presented ...

Utilización de las redes sociales sobre temas de salud en población universitaria de México

OpenAIRE

Santamaría Ochoa, Carlos David

2015-01-01

Comunicación oral presentada en la Segunda Conferencia Internacional de Comunicación en Salud, celebrada el 23 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Introducción: Ante el vertiginoso desarrollo de las redes sociales, se establecen nuevas formas de comunicación y transmisión del conocimiento. La juventud emplea medios comunicación a través de dispositivos móviles, accediendo en todo momento a las redes sociales, buscando convivencia e información. Los temas de salud que ...

Inclusión: Un tema de derechos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Vicente Portilla Martínez

2018-06-01

Full Text Available La atención de estudiantes con diferentes condiciones y/o Necesidades Educativas Especiales (NEE se convierte en un reto para los docentes que hoy deben afrontar el tema de la inclusión en el aula de clase. Teniendo en cuenta que ya se ha iniciado con la aplicación de algunas teorías relacionadas con los métodos de enseñanza, que le permiten al docente desempeñarse de manera efectiva frente al manejo de un grupo de estudiantes con características distintas, se requiere de manera urgente entregar al maestro las herramientas más apropiadas para su diaria labor. Es por ello que el diseño de estrategias Pedagógicas para la inclusión de estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Especiales, es una muy buena posibilidad para los docentes que desean sobresalir en su quehacer pedagógico, en las diferentes instituciones educativas públicas o privadas en cualquier espacio del contexto regional y nacional. En este orden de ideas, el proyecto tuvo como propósito involucrar a tres instituciones educativas de básica primaria en Bucaramanga, entre ellas una pública urbana, una pública rural y una de orden privado en la ciudad, para adelantar un estudio que permitió identificar y evaluar la pertinencia de las estrategias pedagógicas que utilizan hoy los docentes, para luego crear y proponer algunas que permitan mejorar el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje dirigido específicamente a estudiantes con necesidades educativas diversas. El trabajo se proyectó como una investigación de tipo descriptiva con enfoque cualitativo, dirigido a 56 estudiantes que pertenecen a tres grupos del grado cuarto de educación básica primaria, a quienes se aplicó instrumentos como la observación directa, encuestas y entrevistas, que finalmente nos permitieron obtener la información básica para el estudio. Dentro de los alcances esperados se tuvo como principales propósitos dar cumplimiento a lo proyectado por los planes de desarrollo municipal y departamental

77 FR 4288 - Arbitration Panel Decision Under the Randolph-Sheppard Act

Science.gov (United States)

2012-01-27

... February 5, 2009, permit application to operate vending machines at the Southern Oregon Rehabilitation... Blind for a permit to operate the Clinic vending machines.'' Arbitration Panel Decision After reviewing... vending machines are part and parcel of that facility. The panel noted that the parties' differing...

SUSTANCIAS Y REACCIONES QUÍMICAS. TEMAS DEL CURSO DE INGRESO UNIVERSITARIO TRATADOS CON DIFERENTES RECURSOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

René O. Güemes

2011-01-01

Full Text Available En esta investigación se buscó detectar y comparar dificultades presentadas en la comprensión de los temas “Sustancias” y “Reacciones Químicas” en alumnos ingresantes a la Universidad Nacional del Litoral (Santa Fe, Argentina implementando dos estrategias didácticas diferentes durante el dictado del “Curso de Ingreso de Química”. Se trabajó con dos grupos de alumnos; uno de los grupos utilizó un libro de texto, mientras que el otro trabajó con material multimedia en un aula de informática. Ambos grupos fueron evaluados al inicio y final del curso con la misma evaluación de opciones múltiples. Pudo comprobarse que el grupo que trabajó con el material multimedia alcanzó una mayor comprensión de los conceptos abstractos.

Die tema van God se spraak in Hebreërs se inleidingsformules

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Albert J. Coetsee

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Alhoewel die voorkoms en gebruik van die Ou Testament in die meeste navorsing oor Hebreërs besonder baie aandag geniet, is dit nie die geval met die Hebreërskrywer se gebruik van inleidingsformules vir sy Ou-Testamentiese aanhalings nie. Die gevolg is dat daar tot op hede betreklik min selfstandige navorsing oor die Hebreërskrywer se tema van God se spraak by sy inleidingsformules gedoen is. In hierdie artikel word Hebreërs se inleidingsformules in besonderhede nagegaan om te bepaal wat die aard en inhoud van die Hebreërskrywer se verwysings na die tema van God se spraak in sy inleidingsformules is. Daar word onder andere bepaal dat Hebreërs 38 direkte aanhalings vanuit die Ou Testament bevat, dat die Hebreërskrywer, met slegs een uitsondering, elke inleidingsformule met ’n werkwoord van sêinlei, dat ’n Persoon van die Drie-eenheid in 34 van die 38 direkte aanhalings (± 89% die onderwerp en gevolglike Spreker van die Ou-Testamentiese woorde is, dat die Hebreërskrywer al drie Persone van die Drie-eenheid as God beskou, en dat die Hebreërskrywer oortuig is dat die Ou Testament geïnspireer is en God se geldige en relevante openbaring bly. The theme of God’s speech in Hebrews’ introduction formulae. Whilst the occurance and function of the Old Testament in research on Hebrews enjoys a lot of attention, this is not the case for the writer of Hebrews’ use of introduction formulae for his Old Testament quotations. The result is that up to date relatively few independent studies have been made on the writer of Hebrews’ theme of God’s speech in his introduction formulae. In this article the introduction formulae in Hebrews are researched in detail to determine the nature and content of the writer of Hebrews’ reference to the theme of God’s speech in his introduction formulae. Amongst other things it is determined that Hebrews has 38 direct quotations from the Old Testament, that with the exception of one

A Usability Study of the Automatic Ticket Vending Machines for the Middle-aged and Elderly Patrons: The Case of the Taipei Mass Rapid Transit System

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ming-Hsin Lu

2015-12-01

Full Text Available This study explores the usability problems for the middle-aged and elderly users of the automatic ticket vending machines of Taipei Mass Rapid Transit System. Thirty two middle-aged and elderly users (16 men and 16 females were observed in their actual uses of the machines, and 9 of them (6 men and 3 women were interviewed afterwards. The results show that, first, most senior users observed in this study made mistakes at the first step of touching the screen that initiates the ticket buying process. Second, the feedback and voice guidance design need further improvement to facilitate the senior users’ operation of the machines. Based on the findings, this study recommends that: (1 the operation instruction may be improved by enhancing the color contrast and graphics complementing of caption and voice guidance; (2 the transaction interface should be simplified, avoiding using button symbol to show information, and the visual instruction should be supplemented with voice instructions; (3 operation feedback should be strengthened and in line with previous use experience. [Article content in Chinese

78 FR 14564 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-06

... Act''). This new option is included because federal law bans vending machines in youth accessible... to include an option for changes to state law concerning vending machines. The former Question 1c, which contained detailed information about types of changes to vending machine laws has been eliminated...

76 FR 50267 - Amended Certification Regarding Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-12

... American Food and Vending. The workers produce passenger and light truck tires. The notice was published in... Engineering, Rockwell Engineering, Excel Logistics, and American Food and Vending, Calhoun Spotting Services..., Excel Logistics, and American Food and Vending, Calhoun Spotting Service, and Job World, Inc. working on...

A Utilização da Astronomia como Tema Interdisciplinar e Aplicações de Objetos de Aprendizagem

Science.gov (United States)

da Silva, L. A.; Voelzke, M. R.

2008-09-01

Este trabalho visa analisar a possibilidade de relacionar conteúdos aplicados no ensino fundamental e médio de forma interdisciplinar por intermédio da astronomia, com a intervenção de objetos de aprendizagem que possam integrar as disciplinas e a utilização de recursos tecnológicos. Em uma pesquisa prévia com 20 professores de uma escola estadual situada na cidade de Guarulhos foi observado que apenas 25% dos professores utilizam algum recurso tecnológico para o desenvolvimento de conteúdos pertinentes à sua disciplina, tais como sites e softwares educativos, sendo que a maioria absoluta continua ensinando apenas com livros didáticos. A maior parte dos professores apresenta dificuldades em trabalhar sua disciplina de forma interdisciplinar, ou seja, 75% dos professores preferem aplicar os conteúdos seguindo uma hierarquia linear de tópicos, evitando a discussão de temas que de alguma forma estão relacionados. A astronomia pode vir à fascinar o ser humano e despertar sua curiosidade promovendo um maior interesse no aprendizado, podendo favorecer análises interdisciplinares de forma lógica e objetiva, desta forma colocar a astronomia como tema motivador interdisciplinar, pode ser relevante no que se refere ao distanciamento da fragmentação dos conteúdos. No Estado de São Paulo, a implantação da proposta curricular no ensino fundamental e médio mostra claramente a inserção da astronomia na maior parte das séries, principalmente na 6ª série em que todo o bimestre se fala de astronomia.

Snacks, beverages, vending machines, and school stores: a comparison of alternative and regular schools in Minnesota, 2002 to 2008.

Science.gov (United States)

Kubik, Martha Y; Davey, Cynthia; MacLehose, Richard F; Coombes, Brandon; Nanney, Marilyn S

2015-01-01

In US secondary schools, vending machines and school stores are a common source of low-nutrient, energy-dense snacks and beverages, including sugar-sweetened beverages, high-fat salty snacks, and candy. However, little is known about the prevalence of these food practices in alternative schools, which are educational settings for students at risk of academic failure due to truancy, school expulsion, and behavior problems. Nationwide, more than 5,000 alternative schools enroll about one-half million students who are disproportionately minority and low-income youth. Principal survey data from a cross-sectional sample of alternative (n=104) and regular (n=339) schools collected biennially from 2002-2008 as part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Minnesota School Health Profiles were used to assess and compare food practice prevalence over time. Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate prevalence, adjusting for school demographics. Over time, food practice prevalence decreased significantly for both alternative and regular schools, although declines were mostly modest. However, the decrease in high-fat, salty snacks was significantly less for alternative than regular schools (-22.9% vs -42.2%; Pvending machines and school stores in alternative schools than regular schools, which may contribute to increased snacking behavior among students and extra consumption of salt, fat, and sugar. Study findings support the need to include alternative schools in future efforts that aim to reform the school food environment. Copyright © 2015 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

77 FR 71805 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request

Science.gov (United States)

2012-12-04

... included because federal law bans vending machines in youth accessible locations and states that are... been edited to include an option for changes to state law concerning vending machines. The former Question 1c, which contained detailed information about types of changes to vending machine laws has been...

75 FR 52427 - Guidance for Industry: Questions and Answers Regarding the Effect of Section 4205 of the Patient...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-25

... and Affordable Care Act of 2010 on State and Local Menu and Vending Machine Labeling Laws... State and Local Menu and Vending Machine Labeling Laws.'' Section 4205 of the Patient Protection and... on State and local menu and vending machine labeling laws, and to ensure that industry and State and...

75 FR 48955 - Arbitration Panel Decision Under the Randolph-Sheppard Act

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-12

... closing Break Room A and removing the vending machines for 34 days, and what compensatory damages, if any... vending machine facility operated by a blind vendor at the USPS's Chicago Processing and Distribution... cafeteria operations are exempt from the Act and whether the vending machines operated by a private vendor...

Professores de educação infantil e temas sobre inclusão de crianças com deficiência no ensino regular

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alexandre Freitas Carvalho

Full Text Available Resumo Politicas públicas para a educação infantil propõem aumento do número de crianças atendidas e incentivam a educação continuada. No entanto, conflitos são gerados e a qualidade desse nível de ensino está aquém da desejada. Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a percepção de conhecimento de professores que atuam nesse nível de ensino sobre temas relativos à inclusão de crianças com deficiências em aulas regulares, e como eles procedem nesses casos. Trata-se de um estudo de campo com amostra aleatória, com professores regentes de classe e professores de educação física. Foi feito com aplicação de questionário que versava sobre autonomia; inclusão social; especificidade de crianças com deficiência; avaliação; adaptações e possibilidades de movimento corporal. A primeira parte de cada questão se referia à percepção do professor sobre seu conhecimento do tema em uma escala Likert, e a segunda solicitava que o professor fornecesse exemplos de como agiria com a situação. Na maioria das questões, mais da metade do grupo de professores relatou ter conhecimento precário, grande parte deles preferiu apresentar justificativas, ao invés de exemplificar ações que pudessem ser realizadas. Os poucos exemplos apresentados demonstram superficialidade no tratamento dos temas e ou desconhecimento do mesmo. Há um paradoxo: é desejável que a educação ocorra cada vez mais cedo, para possibilitar uma sociedade mais igualitária, mas o cuidado necessário com essas crianças pode estar em risco, bem como a oferta de vivências que lhes possibilitem atingir seu potencial de desenvolvimento. É necessário enriquecer diálogos entre diferentes setores da sociedade.

Solvent phase characterisation of lanthanide(3) and americium(3) complexes with malonamide (tema) and ter-pyridine ligands by EXAFS: comparison with single crystals

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Den Auwer, C.; Presson, M.T.; Grigoriev, M.; Madic, C.; Nierlich, M.; Thuery, P.; David, F.; Hubert, S.; Drew, M.G.B.; Hudson, M.J.; Iveson, P.B.; Russell, M.L.

2002-01-01

In order to develop molecules that will be good candidates for the extractive separation of the various elements contained within nuclear fuels, 4f and 5f molecular chemistry has been the subject of numerous studies. Thus, to better understand the ligand to cation interaction and to fine tune the theoretical models, precise knowledge about the cation co-ordination sphere must be obtained. More precisely, both structural and electronic data must be acquired in order to define the role of the cation frontier orbitals within the complex. To do so, various structural probes must be used, from vibrational and nuclear techniques to X-ray spectroscopies. In the field of actinide solvent extraction, the species of interest are in the solvent phase and both solid state diffraction methods and solvent phase X-ray absorption spectroscopy have become of primary importance lately. A number of Ln(III) and Am(III) complexes of the type M(NO 3 ) 3 L 1,2 (where M is either Ln 3+ or Am 3+ and L is either the 2,2',6',2 - ter-pyridine (Tpy) or the N,N,N',N' tetraethyl-malonamide (TEMA) ligand) have been crystallographically characterised in the solid state. In order to obtain structural information in the solvent phase, EXAFS L III edge measurements have been performed on the cation (DCI ring at the LURE facility). The overall contraction (-0.05 Angstrom) of the cation co-ordination sphere from Nd 3+ to Lu 3+ reflects the decrease in the lanthanide ionic radii. With the TEMA ligand, this steric constraint generates the elongation of one nitrate bond, leading to one formally monodendate nitrate for the late Ln ions. Comparison is made with the Tpy ligand. In the case of Am 3+ cation, comparison with isostructural Nd 3+ shows that similar co-ordination spheres are obtained, either with the TEMA or the Tpy ligands. (authors)

COMO LOS LABIOS DE UNA MISMA BOCA. CUATRO ACERCAMIENTOS A LA POESÍA MEXICANA DE TEMAS HOMOSEXUAL Y GAY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jesús Eduardo García Castillo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo propone que la poesía mexicana de temas gay y homosexual puede dividirse cronológicamente en cuatro etapas sucesivas: una descrip - tiva, cuya dominante es referencial; una sublimada, en la que predomina la intención paradójica de ocultar y declararse al mismo tiempo; una que subraya la semejanza corporal como característica preponderante del homoerotismo y, por último, una etapa que se centra en lo corporal, para expresar no sólo con honestidad y libertad, sino con irreverencia, la celebración del amor entre hombres.

Produção e formas de circulação do tema do Descobrimento do Brasil: uma análise de seu percurso e do filme Descobrimento do Brasil (1937), de Humberto Mauro

OpenAIRE

Morettin,Eduardo Victorio

2000-01-01

Este artigo discute a produção e as formas de circulação do tema do Descobrimento do Brasil, tendo em vista a análise do filme Descobrimento do Brasil (1937), de Humberto Mauro. Paratanto, procuramos traçar a maneira pela qual este tema surge no século XIX, acompanhando as discussões colocadas pela historiografia da época. Além disto, examinamos a construção de uma iconografia referente ao assunto, por intermédio das obras de Victor Meirelles e Oscar Pereira da Silva, entre outros. A circulaç...

Exploring stakeholder perceptions of acceptability and feasibility of needle exchange programmes, syringe vending machines and safer injection facilities in Tijuana, Mexico.

Science.gov (United States)

Philbin, Morgan M; Mantsios, Andrea; Lozada, Remedios; Case, Patricia; Pollini, Robin A; Alvelais, Jorge; Latkin, Carl A; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos; Strathdee, Steffanie A

2009-07-01

Injection drug use is a growing public health crisis along the U.S.-Mexican border and rising rates of blood-borne infections highlight the pressing need for harm reduction interventions. We explored the acceptability and feasibility of such interventions in Tijuana, a city adjacent to San Diego, California. Using in-depth qualitative interviews conducted from August 2006-March 2007 with 40 key stakeholders - pharmacists, legal professionals, health officials, religious officials, drug treatment providers, and law enforcement personnel - we explored the acceptability and feasibility of interventions to reduce drug-related harm in Tijuana, Mexico. Interviews were taped with consent, transcribed verbatim, and translated. Content analysis was conducted to identify themes which included barriers, structural limitations, and suggestions for implementation. Topics included acceptance and feasibility of needle exchange programmes (NEPs), syringe vending machines, and safer injection facilities (SIFs), structural barriers and suggestions for implementation. Of these interventions, NEPs were deemed the most acceptable (75%); however, only half believed these could be feasibly implemented, citing barriers involving religion, police, and lack of political will, public awareness, and funding. Increasing HIV infection rates among injection drug users in Tijuana have prompted interest in public health responses. Our results may assist policy strategists in implementing social-structural interventions that will help create enabling environments that facilitate the scale-up and implementation of harm reduction in Tijuana.

Radiation doses and hazards from processing of crude oil at the Tema oil refinery in Ghana

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Darko, E. O.; Kpeglo, D. O.; Akaho, E. H. K.; Schandorf, C.; Adu, P. A. S.; Faanu, A.; Abankwah, E.; Lawluvi, H.; Awudu, A. R.

2012-01-01

Processing of crude oil has been carried out in Ghana for more than four decades without measures to assess the hazards associated with the naturally occurring radionuclides in the raw and processed materials. This study investigates the exposure of the public to 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in crude oil, petroleum products and wastes at the Tema oil refinery in Ghana using gamma-ray spectrometry. The study shows higher activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides in the wastes than the crude oil and the products with estimated hazard indices less than unity. The values obtained in the study are within recommended limits for public exposure indicating that radiation exposure from processing of the crude oil at the refinery does not pose any significant radiological hazard but may require monitoring to establish long-term effect on both public and workers. (authors)

Radiation doses and hazards from processing of crude oil at the Tema oil refinery in Ghana.

Science.gov (United States)

Darko, E O; Kpeglo, D O; Akaho, E H K; Schandorf, C; Adu, P A S; Faanu, A; Abankwah, E; Lawluvi, H; Awudu, A R

2012-02-01

Processing of crude oil has been carried out in Ghana for more than four decades without measures to assess the hazards associated with the naturally occurring radionuclides in the raw and processed materials. This study investigates the exposure of the public to (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K in crude oil, petroleum products and wastes at the Tema oil refinery in Ghana using gamma-ray spectrometry. The study shows higher activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides in the wastes than the crude oil and the products with estimated hazard indices less than unity. The values obtained in the study are within recommended limits for public exposure indicating that radiation exposure from processing of the crude oil at the refinery does not pose any significant radiological hazard but may require monitoring to establish long-term effect on both public and workers.

USO DEL RAZONAMIENTO BASADO EN CASOS PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE TEMAS MÉDICOS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Vivian Estrada Sentí

2002-05-01

Full Text Available

Dentro de las técnicas de inteligencia artificial, el Razonamiento Basado en Casos (RBC ocupa un importante lugar ya que facilita el uso de la experiencia acumulada para la toma de decisiones sobre las nuevas situaciones que se presenten. Los autores afirman que el RBC es una importante herramienta de apoyo a la enseñanza de temas médicos, basándose en los resultados de las investigaciones realizadas, y exponen una de las bases de casos utilizadas con estos fines, por su eficiencia para el diagnostico, el pronóstico y la conducta médica.

Abstract

In particular, the introduction of artificial intelligence methods and its application in medicine constitute an interesting and perspective scientific field. Specially, Case Based Reasoning (CBR plays an important role in medical science. CBR methods and techniques have been used with success in complex medical decision making. Paper's authors argued CBR represents a very important tool in medical learning and teaching.

Settling fluxes and ecotoxicological risk assessment of fine sedimentary metals in Tema Harbour (Ghana).

Science.gov (United States)

Botwe, Benjamin O; Nyarko, Elvis; Lens, Piet N L

2018-01-01

Sediment traps were deployed in the Tema Harbour to estimate the settling fluxes of silt-clay particles and associated metals (Fe, Mn, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Hg, Sn and As) and characterise their potential ecotoxicological risks. The mean daily settling fluxes of the silt-clay particles and associated metals ranged from 42.7 to 85.0gm -2 d -1 and 1.3×10 -2 to 49.4mgm -2 d -1 , respectively, and were characterised by large fluctuations at each station. The silt-clay and metal fluxes strongly correlated, indicating the important role of the silt-clay particles in metal transport and distribution in the harbour. Geochemical indices indicated anthropogenic influences on the harbour as the Pb, Cr, Zn, Hg, Sn and As content in the settling silt-clay particles exceeded their average crustal concentrations. Sediment quality guidelines indicated these metals pose appreciable ecotoxicological risks, particularly As. Increasing temporal trends in As necessitates increased pollution control efforts at the harbour. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Eraõigusliku juriidilise isiku hankijana määratlemine: AS EVR Cargo ja tema tütarettevõtte näide / Kadri Härginen, Veiko Vaske, Carri Ginter

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Härginen, Kadri

2018-01-01

Eraõigusliku isiku avaliku sektori hankijana määratlemise eeldused ning võrgustikusektori hankijana määratlemise eeldused, asjakohane kohtupraktika. Eraõigusliku isiku hankijana määratlemine AS EVR Cargo ja tema tütarettevõtja WagonPro AS näitel

Gêneros textuais e temas necessários para agir em contextos profissionais e acadêmicos na área de Biotecnologia

OpenAIRE

Lima, Sara Fernandes; Moura, Douglas Rodrigues; Beato-Canato, Ana Paula Marques

2012-01-01

Para contribuir com o preenchimento da lacuna existente no contexto brasileiro de pesquisas na área de planejamento de cursos de línguas para fins específicos baseados em gêneros textuais (RAMOS, 2004), apresentamos um mapeamento de gêneros textuais e dos temas necessários para agir em contextos profissionais e acadêmicos da área de Biotecnologia. Tal estudo foi realizado com a aplicação de um questionário aos alunos, professores e técnicos do curso, em uma instituição federal. A análise dos ...

SEKOLAH TINGGI ASTRONOMI DI KOTA PARE-PARE TEMA ARSITEKTUR METAFORA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shahibuddin Juddah

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Abstrak— Kota Pare-Pare sebagai kota yang layak memiliki suatu fasilitas ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang diperuntukkan bagi generasi-generasi muda penerus bangsa di kota Pare-Pare dalam hal ini fasilitas ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang berkaitan dengan astronomi yakni Sekolah Tinggi Astronomi (Ilmu Perbintangan di Kota Pare-pare dengan tema Arsitektur Metafora. Pada bidang astronomi terdapat berbagai macam bentuk-bentuk fantastis yang dapat dijadikan lambang bentuk dalam arsitektur seperti bentuk rasi bintang, bentuk lintasan orbit planet dan bentuk-bentuk benda langit lainnya, begitu juga dengan bentuk-bentuk fenomena yang dihasilkannya. Dengan perwujudan bentuk-bentuk ini sebagai simbol pada gaya bangunan, baik bentuk bangunan, fungsi maupun penataan ruang di dalamnya, diharapkan pelaku kegiatan dalam bangunan merasakan maksud dan ekspresi dari bangunan. Kata Kunci : Sekolah Tinggi, Astronomi, Arsitektur Metafora Abstract—Pare- Pare as a city that deserves to have a facility of science and technology that is intended for younger generations in Pare - Pare in this case the facilities of science and technology relates to astronomy namely the College of Astronomy (Science Astrology in Pare- pare the theme of Architecture Metaphor. In the field of astronomy there are various kinds of fantastic shapes that can be used as the epitome of form in architecture such as the shape of constellations, planets orbit trajectory shapes and forms of other celestial bodies, as well as the forms of the phenomenon produces. The realization of these forms as a symbol on the style of the building, both buildings form, function and arrangement of space in it, it is hoped the perpetrators of activity in the building feel the intention and expression of the building Key word : High School, Astronomy, Metaphor Architecture

Time to B. cereus about hot chocolate.

Science.gov (United States)

Nelms, P K; Larson, O; Barnes-Josiah, D

1997-01-01

To determine the cause of illnesses experienced by employees of a Minneapolis manufacturing plant after drinking hot chocolate bought from a vending machine and to explore the prevalence of similar vending machine-related illnesses. The authors inspected the vending machines at the manufacturing plant where employees reported illnesses and at other locations in the city where hot chocolate beverages were sold in machines. Tests were performed on dry mix, water, and beverage samples and on machine parts. Laboratory analyses confirmed the presence of B. cereus in dispensed beverages at a concentration capable of causing illness (170,000 count/gm). In citywide testing of vending machines dispensing hot chocolate, 7 of the 39 licensed machines were found to be contaminated, with two contaminated machines having B. cereus levels capable of causing illness. Hot chocolate sold in vending machines may contain organisms capable of producing toxins that under favorable conditions, can induce illness. Such illnesses are likely to be underreported. Even low concentrations of B. cereus may be dangerous for vulnerable populations such as the aged or immunosuppressed. Periodic testing of vending machines is thus warranted. The relationship between cleaning practices and B. cereus contamination is an issue for further study.

Percepción de un grupo de docentes I y II ciclo de educación general básica de escuelas públicas de Heredia sobre los temas de estadística y probabilidad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alpízar Vargas, Marianela

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Los temas de estadística y probabilidad se encuentran presentes en los Programas de Estudio del Ministerio de Educación Pública de Costa Rica desde 1995; sin embargo la poca formación que han recibido los docentes de I y II Ciclo de la Educación General Básica en dichos temas. El presente artículo expone resultados de una investigación que se realizó, con 20 docentes, durante un proceso de capacitación sobre Didáctica de la Probabilidad y la Estadística en la Dirección Regional de Heredia en el 2011. La información se recolectó por medio de cuestionarios auto administrados. El objetivo fue describir la percepción que tiene este grupo de docentes de primaria en ejercicio de la Dirección Regional de Heredia ante el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los temas de estadística y probabilidad. Entre los resultados obtenidos, los docentes son conscientes de que los temas citados deben enseñarse desde los primeros niveles de formación, algunos les temen por su nivel de dificultad, otros no los imparten en sus clases porque no les da tiempo y otros desconfían de su fiabilidad. Una de las conclusiones del estudio es la necesidad que tienen los entes formadores de revisar y modificar sus planes de formación profesional, para adecuarlos a las exigencias actuales y brindar procesos de capacitación y actualización a docentes en ejercicio

Títulos e temas de 1 Cor 6,12-20 na unidade dos capítulos 5-7 = Titles and themes of 1 cor 6.12 -20 in theunity of the chapters 5-7

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oliveira, Flávio Martinez de

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Apresentam-se os títulos mais encontrados em 1 Cor 6,12-20 e na unidade dos capítulos 5-7. Expõem-se as propostas de articulação da perícope na unidade para propor, a partir de tais títulos e articulação, lendo a perícope, os temas aí considerados centrais. Tais temas são uma proposta de teologia bíblica para a perícope em seu contexto. Esta inspira a existência corporal cristã, tema da tese do autor, onde introduz e motiva a exegese lá exposta. Os temas escolhidos na perícope são porneia e corpo, pecado contra o corpo, corpo de Cristo e templo do Espírito Santo. São alternativas mutuamente excludentes o contato sexual com a prostituta, que implica a inteira existência corporal, e a pertença ao corpo de Cristo, no qual somos inseridos pelo Espírito Santo, do qual somos o templo. Identidade, estilo de vida e comportamento cristãos, teologia e ética são inseparáveis. Estas relações não eram compreendidas por muitos coríntios, os quais Paulo tem em vista. O corpo é central na perícope, perpassa toda a Primeira Carta aos Coríntios e relaciona-se ao próprio Evangelho de Paulo enquanto teologia do corpo. A porneia envolve a pessoa inteira de maneira estável e é um dos problemas que colocam a comunidade em conflito, ao lado de outras controvérsias conhecidas, e com esta relacionadas, como aquelas referentes aos carismas, à idolatria e à própria autoridade de Paulo

Origem da vida: como licenciandos em Ciências Biológicas lidam com este tema? Life's origin: how do pre-service Biology teachers deal with this subject?

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Livia Baptista Nicolini

2010-01-01

Full Text Available A presente pesquisa identificou e analisou a representação social do tema origem da vida entre estudantes da licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas de uma universidade federal do Rio de Janeiro. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário, e seus resultados analisados qualitativamente, de acordo com a metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC. A análise e discussão dos resultados permitiram concluir que a representação social dos licenciandos, em relação ao tema proposto, apresenta elementos de uma cultura religiosa e de uma cultura científica. A análise dos elementos científicos nos permitiu identificar algumas deficiências nos conhecimentos expressos por esses sujeitos; apresentamos indícios de que essas deficiências derivam basicamente de duas fontes: (a a ausência de abordagem específica do tema no curso de graduação da universidade pesquisada e (b o conteúdo dos livros didáticos do Ensino Médio.This research identified and analyzed social representations about the life origin among preservice Biology teachers from a Rio de Janeiro federal university. Data were collected through questionnaires and the outcomes were analyzed in a qualitatively basis, according to the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD approach. Data analysis and discussion allowed concluding that pre-service social representations about this subject, shows elements of a religious culture and the scientific ones. The scientific elements' analysis allowed identifying some deficiencies in the knowledge expressed by them; the outcomes provided evidences that those deficiencies come from two main sources: (a lack of a approach to the origin of life subject, while in the undergraduate program; and (b High School didactic books contents.

Socio-Cognitive Correlates to School Achievement Using the TEMAS (Tell-Me-A-Story) Culturally Sensitive Test with Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Grades At Risk Puerto Rican Students.

Science.gov (United States)

Cardalda, Elsa B.; Costantino, Giuseppe

The Tell-Me-A-Story (TEMAS) Culturally Sensitive Test was administered to 74 Puerto Rican students in a New York City school in order to measure such personality resources as conflict resolution skills and cognitive structuring of narratives. The resulting data was used to examine the degree to which these early adolescents' personality resources…

Los temas presupuestarios en el proyecto de Ley de Garantías Económicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Esquivel Villegas

2011-09-01

Full Text Available El Proyecto de Ley de Garantías Económicas contiene transformaciones importantes del proceso de asignación de los recursos públicos. Tales cambios se incorporan a la Constitución de la República. En especial se modifican los aspectos hacendarios de la Constitución. Pero también se contemplan cambios en temas tributarios, en aspectos de deuda pública, en el funcionamiento del Banco Central de Costa Rica (BCCR, en la regulación de los servicios públicos y en las funciones legislativas relacionadas con la enajenación de los activos públicos.Este artículo presenta una sistematización y un conjunto de reflexiones críticas en torno a las transformaciones propuestas por el Proyecto de Ley. La exposición se realiza con base en la propuesta del Partido Unidad Social Cristiana (PUSC. En los aspectos en donde el Partido Liberación Nacional (PLN tiene diferencias, el texto lo indica explícitamente. En el Anexo se describe el detalle de las transformaciones propuestas.

El tema del viaje al mundo de los muertos en la Odisea y su tradición en la literatura occidental

OpenAIRE

Linares Sánchez, Jorge Juan

2017-01-01

En el presente trabajo analizamos el tema del viaje al mundo de los muertos en la Odisea (la Nékyia del canto XI y la Deuteronékyia en el canto XXIV) y su pervivencia en las diferentes etapas de la literatura occidental, desde la Antigüedad clásica hasta la Edad Contemporánea. Metodología Nuestro trabajo combina el método filológico y el comparativo. Examinamos múltiples reelaboraciones sobre el viaje al mundo de los muertos a fin de identificar los diversos procedimientos mediante los que el...

As complexidades inerentes ao tema "mudanças climáticas": desafios e perspectivas para o ensino de física

OpenAIRE

Reis, Danielle Aparecida dos; Silva, Luciano Fernandes; Figueiredo, Newton

2015-01-01

RESUMO: A articulação entre a física e a temática ambiental apresenta oportunidades para a construção de práticas educativas que privilegiam o tratamento das controvérsias e das complexidades associadas aos temas ambientais, como ocorre com o fenômeno das mudanças climáticas. Neste ensaio teórico destaca-se que a natureza complexa desse fenômeno climático favorece o surgimento das controvérsias, o que proporciona aos professores da Educação Básica possibilidades para o tratamento educativo di...

Dos temas cruciales para la agenda mexicana de Educación Superior: Educación Privada y Equidad e Inclusión

OpenAIRE

Miller, Dinorah; De Garay, Adrián

2015-01-01

Este artículo hace un breve recuento de las transformaciones estructurales del sistema de educación superior mexicano de los últimos quince años del siglo XX, y se pregunta por las consecuencias de dichos cambios en dos ámbitos: la expansión del sector privado y la igualdad de oportunidades educativas, la equidad y la inclusión. Atendemos las acciones emprendidas por los gobiernos mexicanos en el arranque del siglo para hacer frente a dichas problemáticas y señalamos algunos temas de agenda e...

Time to B. cereus about hot chocolate.

OpenAIRE

Nelms, P K; Larson, O; Barnes-Josiah, D

1997-01-01

OBJECTIVE: To determine the cause of illnesses experienced by employees of a Minneapolis manufacturing plant after drinking hot chocolate bought from a vending machine and to explore the prevalence of similar vending machine-related illnesses. METHODS: The authors inspected the vending machines at the manufacturing plant where employees reported illnesses and at other locations in the city where hot chocolate beverages were sold in machines. Tests were performed on dry mix, water, and beverag...

Skrivepædagogik i lyset af Forenklede Fælles Mål, sproglig udvikling som tværgående tema og læringsmålstyret undervisning

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Mette Vedsgaard

Det tværgående tema Sproglig udvikling anviser, hvordan der blandt andet kan arbejdes med skrivning og sproglig udvikling i fag. Med udgangspunkt i udviklingsprojekter relateret til sproglig udvikling og et udviklingsprojekt om skrivepædagogik i en 7.klasse med genrepædagogik som ramme præsentere...... bud på en opdateret skrivepædagogik med udgangspunkt i FFM....

10 CFR 431.291 - Scope.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-01-01

... Refrigerated Bottled or Canned Beverage Vending Machines § 431.291 Scope. This subpart specifies test procedures for certain commercial refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machines, pursuant to part...

La discretio en Beniamin minor de Ricardo de San Víctor

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Hallet

2006-01-01

Full Text Available La estructura del alma y la antropología han sido temas abundantemente desarrollados por los autores cristianos medievales a partir de la expresión bíblica "imagen y semejanza". En ese contexto conceptual, el Beniamin minor de Ricardo de San Víctor muestra cómo ratio y affectio necesitan la discretio para equilibrar todas las virtudes y poder acceder a la contemplación. Ricardo, que ve en cada hijo de Jacob, un símbolo de las virtudes, atribuye la discretio a José, hijo de Raquel, quien a su vez representa la razón. El artículo recuerda cómo, ya a partir del final del siglo XII, la discretio quedará absorta en la noción de prudencia. Ricardo siendo su último e importante exponenteThe soul structure and the anthropology are topics that the christian authors of the Middle Age abundantly explained starting from the biblical expression imago et similitudo. In that conceptual context, Beniamin minor of Richard of Saint Victor demonstrates that ratio and affectio need discretio in order to equilibrate all the virtues and to be able to accede to the contemplation. Richard, who sees in every son of Jacob a symbol of the virtues, attributes discretio to Joseph, which is the son of Rachel, the symbol of reason. The article shows that, from the end of the XIIth century, discretio will be absorbed in the virtue of prudentia. Richard is his last and more important exponent

O best-seller na revalorização de sentidos: "Harry Potter" e o tema da criança imaginal

OpenAIRE

Silva, Gisela Cristina Ribeiro

2012-01-01

O tema da criança e, para nós, dos adolescentes é cada vez mais um assunto de discussão em que são abordadas várias análises e/ou problemáticas. Considerando uma das questões primordiais da existência da adolescência, que é a do adolescente como ser imaginal, a questão que se coloca prende-se com a seleção e posterior anexação das leituras bestselerianas por leitores tão jovens. Como justificar esse apego a livros de tão numerosas páginas? A resposta não é de todo difícil se compreendermos co...

Bloque 1. Temas 1 y 2. Contenidos, evolución epistemológica y fuentes de la Geografía Rural

OpenAIRE

Segrelles, José Antonio

2011-01-01

Los temas 1 y 2 se incluyen en el bloque 1 y se dedican al análisis de la evolución epistemológica de la geografía rural y a las fuentes para el estudio de esta disciplina, respetivamente. Dentro de la evolución epistemológica se presta especial atención al concepto de geografía rural, a las diversas interpretaciones que éste ha tenido, a la diferente forma en que la geografía rural ha sido estudiada por los diferentes enfoques que ha jalonado su desarrollo científico en el marco de la evoluc...

O TEMA “CUSTOS” EM PERIÓDICOS DA ENGENHARIA DE PRODUÇÃO: UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA E PERSPECTIVAS FUTURAS

OpenAIRE

Alvarenga, Tiago Henrique de Paula; Sartori, Simone; Assumpção, Jairo José; Campos, Lucila Maria Souza

2015-01-01

O objetivo desse artigo é realizar um mapeamento das publicações sobre o tema custos na engenharia de produção e, como consequência, identificar um portfólio bibliográfico das publicações na área. Para atender ao objetivo, fez-se uma análise bibliométrica nos dois principais periódicos brasileiros especializados na área de engenharia de produção (Produção – ISSN 0103-6513 e Gestão & Produção – ISSN 0104-530X). Após a busca, foram selecionados 43 artigos relevantes e 540 artigos de referências...

El tema de la ceguera en la literatura religiosa de Lope

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lezcano Tosca, Hugo

2004-12-01

Full Text Available In baroque literature, el desengaño is a commonplace that gets a large development. El desengaño means that man realizes that everything he can see is «vanas sombras». In this article, the question of blindness in Lope de Vega's religious poetry is studied through three different aspects: first, blindness of the self in religious poetry is considered as a transformation «a lo divino» of petrarchist lover blindness. Secondly, the divine call is studied in some literary and religious texts, like Saint August Confessions, or Lope de Vega's Soliloquios. Finally, the different methods used by the Society of Jesus to finish with man's blindness (compositio loci, emblems are analysed.En la literatura barroca, el desengaño se convierte en un lugar común que recibe un amplio desarrollo. El desengaño consiste en que el hombre se da cuenta de que lo que ve con sus ojos es falso, puesto que las bellezas de la tierra sólo son «vanas sombras». En este artículo se estudia el tema de la ceguera en la literatura religiosa de Lope, teniendo en cuenta tres aspectos diferentes: en primer lugar, se analiza la ceguera del yo de la literatura religiosa como transformación «a lo divino» de la ceguera del enamorado petrarquista. En segundo lugar, se estudia en qué consiste la llamada divina en algunos textos religiosos y literarios, como las Confesiones de San Agustín o los Soliloquios de Lope. Por último, se estudian los métodos que emplea la Compañía de Jesús (composición de lugar, libros de emblemas para acabar con la ceguera del hombre.

Aplicación y Comparación de Metodologías Activas en la Enseñanza de un Tema de Ciencias Naturales

OpenAIRE

Restrepo Solarte, Nefiz

2014-01-01

Este trabajo pretende mejorar la calidad de aprendizaje, a través del estudio de un tema específico de las Ciencias Naturales: “los Ecosistemas”; empleando para ello, metodologías de enseñanza-aprendizaje activas. Para su desarrollo, esta investigación se realizó en la Sede Principal de la Institución Educativa General Santander, ubicada en el Corregimiento de Villa-Colombia, Municipio de Jamundí, con dos grupos de estudiantes de grado séptimo; en un grupo se trabajó con un enfoque cooperativ...

Produção e formas de circulação do tema do Descobrimento do Brasil: uma análise de seu percurso e do filme Descobrimento do Brasil (1937), de Humberto Mauro

OpenAIRE

Morettin, Eduardo Victorio

2000-01-01

Este artigo discute a produção e as formas de circulação do tema do Descobrimento do Brasil, tendo em vista a análise do filme Descobrimento do Brasil (1937), de Humberto Mauro. Paratanto, procuramos traçar a maneira pela qual este tema surge no século XIX, acompanhando as discussões colocadas pela historiografia da época. Além disto, examinamos a construção de uma iconografia referente ao assunto, por intermédio das obras de Victor Meirelles e Oscar Pereira da Silva, entre outros. A circulaç...

Composición Arquitectónica 6. Tema 1: Patrimonio arquitectónico: aproximación al presente de los ‘monumentos’

OpenAIRE

Martínez-Medina, Andrés

2015-01-01

El presente tema desarrolla una aproximación a la definición de patrimonio (mueble e inmueble), al monumento y a los bienes de interés cultural. El amplio sentido del patrimonio cultural, intangible y tangible. A continuación se procede a un análisis desmenuzado de la teoría de valores de Aloïs Riegl en atención a los valores del pasado y los del presente. De los valores rememorativos se estudian los valores de antigüedad, los históricos y los intencionados. De los valores de contemporaneidad...

Más condutas científicas uma abordagem crítico-comparativa para in-formar uma reflexão sobre o tema

OpenAIRE

VILAÇA,MURILO MARIANO

2015-01-01

La mala conducta científica es motivo de preocupación para la ciencia en todo el mundo. En el campo de la educación, son escasos los artículos sobre el tema. Silva (2008) y Krokoscz (2011) son importantes excepciones. Sin embargo, como ambos se centran en el problema del plagio, otras prácticas quedan descuidadas. Reconociendo la relevancia de su enfoque, tengo la intención de ampliar el análisis, contribuyendo para la formación de una reflexión del/ en el campo educativo. Mis objetivos son: ...

A integração do cliente no processo de desenvolvimento de produto: revisão bibliográfica sistemática e temas para pesquisa Customer integration in the product development process: a systematic bibliographic review and themes for research

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Mario Orestes Aguirre González

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática e aponta direções de pesquisa para o tema integração do cliente (IC no processo de desenvolvimento de produto. Esse tema é considerado relevante na bibliografia das áreas de marketing, qualidade, inovação tecnológica e estratégia competitiva por permitir às empresas conhecerem melhor as reais necessidades do mercado, contribuir para o desenvolvimento de produtos mais adequados ao mercado e usar o conhecimento acumulado pelos clientes. Foram levantados 72 artigos que abordam esse tema no período de 1980 a 2008. O interesse pelo tema, no meio acadêmico, tem aumentado significativamente desde 2002, o que se constata pelo aumento no número de artigos publicados e pela incorporação do tema a capítulos de livros sobre gestão de desenvolvimento de produto. Identificaram-se as seguintes dimensões que compreendem o tema e que predominam nas pesquisas relatadas nos artigos analisados: fundamentos para a integração do cliente no processo de desenvolvimento do produto, critérios para seleção de clientes, tipos de interação entre a empresa e seus clientes e benefícios obtidos com a integração do cliente (IC. Para futuras pesquisas, recomenda-se aprofundar, por meio de estudo de casos e de survey, a compreensão que as empresas têm sobre o tema, as práticas adotadas e as relações e sinergia entre as dimensões, bem como as relações de causa e efeito entre as práticas e o desempenho do processo de desenvolvimento de produto.This paper presents a systematic bibliographic review and points out research directions for the Customer Integration in the Product Development Process theme. This theme is considered significant in the bibliography of Marketing, Quality, Technological Innovation and Competitive Strategy, because it enables companies to know better the real market needs, contribute to the development of better products, and use the knowledge gained by

A enfermagem como objeto da história: uma reflexão sobre o tema

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Regina Maria dos Santos

2001-12-01

Full Text Available Neste estudo propomos refletir sobre a Enfermagem como objeto da História. Ancoramos nossa proposta nos estudos que vêm sendo realizados sobre a História da Enfermagem Brasileira e na abertura que a História Nova confere aos estudos históricos. Para tanto, buscamos compreender a História da Enfermagem Brasileira e as circunstâncias sociais que determinaram o desenvolvimento da profissão nessa ou naquela direção. Apresentamos algumas propostas metodológicas comumente utilizadas em estudos históricos, propondo a história oral e a análise de documentos como métodos de coleta de dados. A releitura dos acontecimentos sociais, a partir dos dados coletados, é capaz de favorecer o entendimento da importância dos estudos sobre a História da Enfermagem no reconhecimento da sua identidade profissional, como contribuição para o fortalecimento da categoria. Esperamos estimular a produção de novos trabalhos sobre o tema e, principalmente, alertar para a necessidade de preservarmos nossa memória.

Metodología para la revisión bibliográfica y la gestión de información de temas científicos, a través de su estructuración y sistematización

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Eduardo Gómez-Luna

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Este documento presenta una metodología para búsqueda, organización y análisis de la documentación en cualquier campo de investigación, facilitando la adquisición de la información disponible y la identificación de los principales autores, el número de publicaciones por año, las principales áreas de trabajo y las tendencias futuras de un tema propuesto. Se presenta también una aplicación de la metodología para el tema de “Análisis de la respuesta en frecuencia con el transformador energizado (FRA on-line”.