UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Two monoclonal antibodies, TAL-1B5 and TAL-3C3, specific for human Ia alpha-chain subunits have been produced by fusing P3/NSI/1-Ag4-1 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from a BALB/c mouse immunized...Full Text Available

Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have shown previously that raising extracellular Ca²+ inhibited the apical 70-pS K channel in the thick ascending limb (TAL; Wang, W.H., M. Lu, and S.C. Hebert. 1996. Am....Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

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Science.gov (United States)

loading,W/S = k. 390 og~uda per squsre foot. Total rudder movement,. Total pedal movement, 30.64?. Radius of pedel about center of rotation,. 12 inches ...

Science.gov (United States)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Energy sector is relatively easy to evaluate economically. There have existed reliable statistics on energy systems and consumption and the planning has been based on them. However the environmental factors have been integrated into the Danish energy policy first in the nineties, and the new socio-economic evaluations have to take the pollution abatement measures into account. (EG)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Solar panels have been installed at the roof, providing enough power to drive electric cars 20 000 kilometres yearly, while water-borne heating in the household has reduces electricity demand by 12-13 000 kWh per year

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Often, lifetime data come from experiments where failure times are grouped. The Weibull distribution is a popular distribution for modeling failure times. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) has outstanding large sample properties for the Weibull distribution. This article evaluates small sample properties of MLEs for grouped data. We evaluate sample size requirements for MLE asymptotic properties to take effect. We compare type I and type II censoring for pooled experiments and conclude that bias for the shape parameter estimate can be alarmingly high especially for type II censored data. Finally, we investigate the benefits of the pooled analysis.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brain tumor was diagnosed by computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging in 100 children aged 0 to 19 years. They consecutively underwent primary surgical treatment during the years 1984 to 1988. Non-neoplastic lesions and operations for residual tumors are not included. 54 tumors were localized supratentorially. 72% of these were benign og low grade malignancies. 46 tumors had an infratentorial localication. 59% of these were high grade malignancies. Children tolerate major-neurosurgical procedures better than adults and restitution is usually favourable. 42 children with high grade malignancies underwent postoperative radiotherpy. Per- and postoperative mortality in this series was 1%. 80 children are alive. 62 of these are in excellent condition after a median observation time of 40 months. 10 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The thesis relates to an investigation done on greenhouse gases in coniferous forest soils. The production of nitrous oxide (N{sub 2}O) and carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}), and the consumption of methane (CH{sub 4}) in a temperate forest soil were studied by a rapid and sensitive gas chromatographic (GC) method for analysing all three greenhouse gases at or below ambient levels. Gas fluxes were measured in soil incubation and lysimeter experiments. 15 soil samples were taken at random within a 100 m{sup 2} area in a Norway spruce forest stand (Picea abies). The fluxes of N{sub 2}O, CH{sub 4} and CO{sub 2} were measured under standardized laboratory incubation conditions to investigate spatial variability in relation to other factors such as nitrogen (N) mineralization rate, nitrification rate, organic carbon (OC), total N and pH. The effects of temperature, soil moisture content, and ammonium addition were also studied in an incubation experiment. A more detailed study was made of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Most of the information in this chapter is obtained from 1, 2, 3, 6, 8 and 9 annexes. It is worthwhile to clarify that in most of the cases they are estimations of the available resources, such as: trash, geothermal, solar energy, wind energy, biomass and mini and micro-hydro-energy. In several cases punctual measurements have been made, which do not represent a generic value of a national reserve. [Spanish] La mayor parte de la informacion en este capitulo es obtenida de los anexos 1, 2, 3, 6, 8 y 9. Cabe aclarar que en la mayoria de los casos son estimaciones de los recursos disponibles, tales como: la basura, la geotermia, la energia solar, la energia eolica, la biomasa y, la mini y la micro-hidroenergia. En varios casos se han realizado mediciones puntuales, las cuales no representan un valor generico de una reserva nacional.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

CT-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is known to improve diagnosis of expansive abdominal lesions, especially relative to more invasive procedure like explorative laparotomy. FNAB in not commonly use in pediatric patients because of their poor collaboration and of associated risks. The authors investigated the feasibility of FNAB in the pediatric age. [Italian] Sono noti i vantaggi che la biopsia percutanea con ago sottile guidato con TC puo' apportare per la diagnosi delle lesioni espansive addominali, soprattutto se confrontata con procedure piu' invasive come la laparatomia esplorativa. Questo tipo di metodica e' attalmente poco utilizzato nel caso di pazienti pediatrici a causa della scarsa collaborazione e dei rischi associati. Gli autori valutano l'applicabilita' di tale procedura nell'eta' pediatrica alla luce delle propria esperienza.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The study to get some fundamental materials was carried out, aiming at the recovery of valuable components from red mud produced in the bauxite processing. Acid leaching of red mud was used to clarify the effect of leaching time, leaching temperature and acid concentration on the recovery. The used acids were hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid of which concentrations were 1.45, 1.8 and 1.2mol-l; the temperature was 25, 40 and 60 centigrade; and the time was 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours. Al in red mud was leached by all acids, became the equilibrium after 10 minutes, and was independent og the temperature and the leaching rate was about 70%. When the acid concentration was raised to two time for sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, the leaching rate increased by 15%. Si showed the same tendency as Al and the leaching rate was about 65%, but the decrease of 15% was confirmed by raising the concentration of sulfuric acid to two times. The leaching rate of Fe ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In July 1997, a field inspection was carried out of parts of the tunnel system of the Tonstad hydroelectric power station, Norway. This report discusses the findings: (1) The main drift has a varying bottom covering of sediments, (2) The tunnel to Ousdal had on its downmost 2 km an almost unbroken and apparently stable armour layer along the walls and an unstable or incomplete armour layer in the middle, (3) The tunnel to Homstoel almost had no bottom layer, (3) Sediments in side inlets and niches are of two kinds: (a) masses added through side inlets, (b) fine sand and mud deposited by the main tunnel, (4) A few cases were observed of downfallen rocks and of peeled rock of about 1 m size. It looks as if the Homstoel tunnel may have been previously used for larger discharges than that from Ousdal and that the latter is now being used to the limit of what the previously established armour layer can stand

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Citrate is an important naturally occurring inhibitor of calcium stone formation in urine. Urinary citrate excretion was examined in 43 consecutive patients with recurrent idiopathic calcium nephrolithiasis and in 50 normal controls by a specific enzymatic technique. Hypocitraturia (<1.6 mmol/24h) was found in 14 (33%) stone formers compared to 6 (12%) normal controls (p = 0.03). Citrate excretion expressed as citrate-creatinine ratio in 24 hour urine samples was significantly lower in the stone formers than in the healthy controls (p = 0.03), and significantly lower in healthy men, compared to healthy females (p = 0.006). There was a great variability in urinary citrate levels in both groups, and a considerable overlap in the urinary citrate excretion between normal subjects and stone formers. Factors other than urinary citrate excretion must therefore be of importance in the pathophysiology of calcium stone formation. Citrate-calcium ratio in urine proved to be a reliable index in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The main purpose of this paper is to stress the importance of CT depiction of the mandibular incisive canal. This anatomical structure contains a major neurovascular bundle and is thus very important in the planning of mandibular implants in the canine-incisive area. The importance of careful assessment of the mandibular canal course before implantology is now widely recognized. The same holds true for the canine-incisive region in the jaw, to detect the incisive canal if present and prevent any complications from its accidental damage. CT with a dedicated software showed the incisive canal in a large number of patients, which calls for precise reporting of its presence, course, and relationships with teeth. [Italian] Scopo di questo lavoro e' sottolineare l'importanza di rilevare e segnalare la visibilita' con Tomografia Computerizzata del canale incisivo mandibolare, struttura anatomica al cui interno decorre un fascio vasculo nervoso e percio' di ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oestfold Research has trough the project 'Climate accounts for disposal' for Waste Norway developed a model for calculation of net greenhouse gas emissions at the disposal of various waste types. The model is based on life cycle methodology according to the standard IS014044. This model has been used for plastic packaging in the project by adapting the basic values of specific conditions in the municipality of Fredrikstad. Oestfold Research has made an assessment of greenhouse gas emissions for the recycling and material recovery of plastic packaging from households in the district on assignment from Fredrikstad municipality and compared with the current solution where plastic packaging together with residual waste is used for energy utilisation. Based on the population in Fredrikstad and estimated amount of plastic packaging waste arising per household per year the difference in climate impact was analyzed and these scenarios calculated: Introduction of recycling and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim was to compare the energy consumption by private and commercial vehicles with that of public transport facilities constituting urban street traffic, and to evaluate the influence of various traffic related plans such as green waves (where cars are able to drive through the town with relatively few accelerations and braking) streets with lower speed limits and special lanes and priorities for buses. The traffic pattern in four Copenhagen streets (Jagtvej, Soelvgade, Bredgade and Strandvejen) were measured and analyzed both in, and not in, the rush hour, and a special model was used to calculate the energy consumption. The model defines degree of acceleration and slow-down and speed when calculating energy consumption with regard to various driving patterns. It also calculates carbon dioxide emission. It was found that energy consumption decreased with increasing driving speed at 10-60 km/h for all vehicles. The case of buses is a little different because of having to stop so ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Some of well known F{sub 2} layer anomalies might have their origin in lower atmosphere and some have extra terrestrial sources. It has been suggested that the phenomena occurring below the ionosphere such as thunderstorms, lightning/sprites, volcanic eruptions and earthquakes and above the phenomena like corona mass ejection, solar flares and extra terrestrial events may produce F{sub 2} layer signatures. In the present paper we have tried to summarize the effect of some phenomena occurring below the ionosphere like thunderstorms, lightning/sprites and seismic activity and the phenomena such as solar flares which occur above the ionosphere, on the ionospheric electron and ion temperatures. The paper also discusses possibilities. The ionospheric electron and ion temperatures were measured by the RrPAa payload aboard the Iindian SRrOSS-C2 satellite. The normal day's ion and electron temperatures have been compared to the temperatures recorded during the disturbed day. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this work is to characterize the role of the financial institutions in achieving sustainable development meaning a process of development which leaves at least the same amount of capital, natural and man-made, to future generations as current generations have access to. This makes it clear that sustainable development is about capital allocation and thus should be at the core of financial markets activity. On a more practical level the different ways banks affect environment are analyzed: as investors - supplying the investments with environmental perspective; as lenders - developing new financial products to encourage sustainable development; as valuers - estimating risks and opportunities in project-financing; as powerful stake holders - as shareholders and lenders they can exercise considerable influence over companies; - as polluters - while not dirty industries, financial institutions do consume natural resources. By the study of these environmental aspects it comes ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this issue it has been investigated the yield of Helical CT in the study of lung vessels, the incidence of the angiogram sign and its actual value. July 1997 to December 1998, were studied 30 cases of pulmonary collapse of different origin. It was found 15 cases of passive collapse (10 from pleural effusion, 2 from diaphragmatic compression, 2 from traumatic pneumothorax, and 1 from isthmic aortic aneurysm), 12 cases of obstructive collapse (9 from bronchogenic carcinoma, 1 from mucoid obstruction, 1 from ilar lymphadenopathy, and 1 from mediastinal cancer), 2 cases of adhesive collapse and 1 case of round atelectasis. All the examinations were performed with the Helical technique during nonionic iodinated contrast agent injection (bolus, 300-350 mg/mL); it was used an automatic injector set at 2-3 mL/s. It was studied the images for the angiogram sign, that is hyperdense bands, usually longer than 2 cm, through the collapsed lung, which correspond to normal pulmonary vascular ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: Cardiomyopathy is one of the major complications of {beta} thalassaemia major as a result of transfusion iron overload. The aim of our study is to evaluate with MR if there is any difference of iron deposition signal intensity (SI) or distribution between non-cardiopatic and cardiopatic thalassaemic patients in order to establish if there is a relationship between cardiopathy and iron deposition. Materials and methods: We studied 20 patients affected by {beta} thalassaemia major, of whom 10 cardiopatic and 10 non-cardiopatic, and 10 healthy volunteers as control group. Serum ferritin and left ventricular ejection fraction were calculated in thalassaemic patients. All patients were examinated using a 1.5 MR unit with ECG-gated GE cine-MR T2*-weighted, SE T1-weighted and GE T2*-weighted sequences. In all cases, using an adequate ROI, the myocardial and skeletal muscle signal intensity (SI), the myocardial/skeletal muscle signal intensity radio (SIR) and the SI average of the ...