Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this thesis is to explore possible difficulties and their solutions in transitioning the OTCIXS/TADIXS subsystems from the present Navy UHF Fleetwide Satellite System to the EHF/SHF MILSTAR System. The research provides a description of the...

Science.gov (United States)

... WHS- Washington Headquarters Service ... paper will advocate assignment of a Commander, Air Force Forces for all Joint Task Forces conducting ...

Science.gov (United States)

... UGV), in the air (UAV), or underwater (UUV) -across ... Figure 2 Tactical Mobile Robot MOUT concept: ... 10 robots to clear 20 rooms in 60 minutes ...

Science.gov (United States)

... WHS- Washington Headquarters Service. ... ie, Army, Navy, Air Force) service publications ... The Case of the Rapid Deployment Joint Task Force. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... MTR 93B0000095 Proposed Network Security Policy for Integrated Tactical Warning ... Proposed Network security Policy for Integrated Tactical ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

'Full text:' The use of fuel cell technology in military applications will depend on safe, high energy density systems being developed. An important part of using this technology is also the development of alternative hydrogen producing fuels with high energy densities and are easy to transport. Fuel cells are now a very large R and D effort for several military applications around the world. The major reason is because of the high power demands needed requires electrical energy sources that far exceed the capabilities of batteries currently being fielded for portable applications. Fuel cells are regarded as highly efficient, tactical energy converters that can be adapted for wide range of power requirements. They are potentially the lowest weight power source when coupled with batteries or capacitors to form hybrid systems. Generally electrical power is needed to support a number of applications from ultra-high power for electrical pulses (radios, sensors) to ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Tactical plays are more than drills or standard operating proc-edures. ... IN * BYPMASS OR BREECH MINEFIELD ON FLANK SIXE (TM I3A C1 10 ...

Science.gov (United States)

This report describes the design, fabrication, installation and testing of a small variable-speed vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). This VAWT is unique in its installation using hand tools only; unconventional and simple support system; and variable speed operation under microprocessor control. Initial testing confirmed that the turbine can be controlled by commanded alternator field modulation. Further studies will be directed toward determination of an optimum control algorithm.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Like other Central European countries, Poland faces the twin challenges of improving environmental quality while also fostering sustainable economic development. In this study we examine the costs of different standards for air pollution control, and the cost savings from using incentive-based policy instruments in lieu of more rigid command-and-control policies. The comparisons are based on the results of a simulation model of energy use and air pollution control for the Polish economy over 1990-2015. The model simulates least-cost energy supply decisions under different environmental policy assumptions, the corresponding emissions, and the cost of achieving the specified policy objectives. The model results suggest that incentive-based policies will have efficiency gains over command policies that are at least worthy of consideration and may be quite substantial. The size of the gains in practice ...

Science.gov (United States)

The study of the Military Strategic and Tactical Relay (MILSTAR) program focuses on the role of the program manager and contracting officer in developing the acquisition strategy.

Science.gov (United States)

... table (ASCAMP) system and the Military Strategic and Tactical Relay (Milstar) program. 10 ... Single Channel Antijam Milstar Portable Terminal ...

Science.gov (United States)

... in tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP), such as ... flow across the Afghanistan-Pakistan border, specifically ... The funds from the NATO ANA Trust ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Tactical Electronic Warfare Division (Code 5700) Visualization Laboratory Transportable step frequency radar Vehicle development laboratory ...

Science.gov (United States)

... after Roscoe Robinson relinquished command of the 82nd Airborne Division in 1978, it would be 25 ... taking command of the 10th Mountain Division. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Staff for Policy, Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers ... Command/United States Forces Korea, Korea, Commander, Joint Task Force for Full ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

How do police respond to and manage complaints of stalking? To answer this question, we conducted a 3-phase study. First, we reviewed the literature to identify risk management tactics used to combat stalking. Second, we asked a group of police officers to review those tactics for completeness and group them into categories reflecting more general risk management strategies. The result was 22 categories of strategies. Finally, we used qualitative methods to evaluate the files of 32 cases referred to the specialized anti-stalking unit of a metropolitan police department. We coded specific risk management tactics and strategies used by police. Results indicated that a median number of 19 specific tactics from 7 general strategies were used to manage risk. Also, the implementation of strategi...

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The World Bank is analyzing the role of economic policy instruments for the control of air pollution in Poland, in cooperation with Polish and international experts. The first stage, covering Poland as a whole, was recently completed, jointly financed with the U.S. E.P.A. and the Government of the Netherlands. The second stage, now under way, will extend the analysis into a specific regional framework. Stage 2 is financed by the World Bank, the Polish Government, and the U.K. Environment Know-How Fund. Air Pollution in Poland is overwhelmingly caused by energy production and uses, due to the fact that the Polish economy depends heavily on coal and lignite. At present, vehicles contribute less to total emissions than do coal burning and industrial processes, although they account for 25-35% of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and lead; and the concentrated in areas of high population density. The paper shows how economic, technical ...

Science.gov (United States)

... USMC-MCTSSA NIST NSWC-Dahlgren NAWC- CL TSWG Programs Utilizing TNT Testbed DARPA HURT ACTD DARPA MAV ACTD ...

Science.gov (United States)

... of the 82nd Airborne Division and the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade. ... the 82nd Airborne Division, XVIII Airborne Corps and Tactical ...

Science.gov (United States)

the booms, separated by 12.5 m, deployed using the well proven MILSTAR hinge technology. ...... MILSTAR. Military Strategic and Tactical Relay satellite ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sandia National Laboratories has recently developed two major field test capabilities for unattended ground sensor systems at the Department of energy`s Nevada Test Site (NTS). The first capability utilizes the NTS large area, varied terrain, and intrasite communications systems for testing sensors for detecting and tracking vehicular traffic. Sensor and ground truth data can be collected at either of two secure control centers. This system also includes an automated ground truth capability that consists of differential Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) receivers on test vehicles and live TV coverage of critical road sections. Finally there is a high-speed, secure computer network link between the control centers and the Air Force`s Theater Air Command and Control Simulation Facility in Albuquerque NM. The second capability is Bunker 2-300. It is a facility for evaluating advanced sensor systems for monitoring activities ...

Science.gov (United States)

This monograph explores an alternative way of providing a JSOTF headquarters to the Joint Force Commander. Beginning with a history of joint SOF doctrine, the monograph outlines the evolution of special operations command and control and the subsequent ne...

Science.gov (United States)

... counseling, some training, and assure the general health and welfare of the command. ... publications, promotions, OERs/NCOER's (Officer Efficiency ...

Science.gov (United States)

... for International Development representatives. 3. If there is SC policy guidance, use it. If not, ask for it. In many cases, summaries ...

Science.gov (United States)

... where they discussed Montgomery's failure to pursue Operation Goodwood, ... Operation Goodwood, Montgomery's 18 July attack on Caen ...

Science.gov (United States)

... THE STANDING JSOTF HEADQUARTERS IN A STANDING JOINT TASK FORCE HEADQUARTERS OR COMBATANT COMMAND ...

Science.gov (United States)

Recent trends in distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems motivate the development of tactical information management capabilities that ensure the right information is delivered to the right place at the right time to satisfy quality of service (QoS) requirements in heterogeneous environments. A promising approach to building and evolving large-scale and long-lived tactical information management systems are standards-based QoS-enabled publish/subscribe (pub/sub) platforms that enable applications to communicate by publishing information they have and subscribing to information they need in a timely manner. Since there is little existing evaluation of how well these platforms meet the performance needs of tactical information management, this paper provides two contributions: (1) it describes three common architectures for the OMG Data Distribution Service (DDS), which is a QoS-enabled pub/sub platform standard, and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Power source requirements for the military were presented to provide guidelines for research and development planning. Power sources that contain a high amount of energy and are small, light and durable are a common request from military users. Safety, reliability and low temperature performance are also important factors in the selection of power sources, as are cost and energy efficiency. Issues concerning advanced batteries were reviewed with reference to high energy density cathode materials. Various thermoelectric and renewable energy materials were discussed, with reference to recovery and conversion of waste heat. It was suggested that photovoltaic devices could help revolutionize military logistics by modifying energy re-supply requirements. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) were considered in relation to the high price of the ceramic materials required for operation. It was noted that the development of SOFC anodes capable of generating hydrogen from liquid fuels such as methanol ...

Science.gov (United States)

... t.., tt:,tifv! th - cui,nt !shor tfal 1 in breaching capAbiii tN wi h i- 1!,-ia . ~ ... Before the 1967 war, the Israeli Training ... trained Arab opponents. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... the print queue, changing the priority of print jobs, -deleting a job from a print queue, aborting a ... "standard terminal interface" should ... f. Stochastic 27 ...

Science.gov (United States)

He commanded the 50th Space Wing, which is responsible for 60 satellites. ... to produce space systems and launchers capable of tailored military effects on ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Joint Meritorious Award to DLA," Dimnsions Vol. ... recently the Defense Finance Accounting Services (DFAS ... gmbAt Service SUoDort Field Manual. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Sep 5, 1996 ... In Haiti, the military deployed a space support team to advise the task force commander on the effective use of space assets, such as the Milstar ...

Science.gov (United States)

... WHS- Washington Headquarters Service. ... The standing Joint Task Force concept should be used more to provide warfighter forces and ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Ward, William E. Brigadier General, Assistant Division Commander (Support), 82nd Airborne Division, Fort Bragg, NC, Chief, Office of Military ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Ground, Maryland 21005 Brigadier General Edwin P. Smith Assistant Division Commander 82nd Airborne Division Fort Bragg, North Carolina ...

Science.gov (United States)

... After the task force deploys, Joint Forces Command interacts ... and what needs tweaking to better prepare future headquarters staffs, Mungus ...

Science.gov (United States)

... For communication systems that employ spatial audio technology to separate intercom and/or radio channels, configurations of the spatial ...

CERN Document Server

An update of the ODEtools Maple package, for the analytical solving of 1st and 2nd order ODEs using Lie group symmetry methods, is presented. The set of routines includes an ODE-solver and user-level commands realizing most of the relevant steps of the symmetry scheme. The package also includes commands for testing the returned results, and for classifying 1st and 2nd order ODEs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The increasing number of hazardous materials accidents in the United States has resulted in new federal regulations addressing the emergency response activities associated with chemical releases. A significant part of these new federal standards (29 CFR 1910.120 and 40 CFR Part 311) requires compliance with specific criteria by all personnel involved in a hazardous material emergency. This study investigated alternative lesson design models applicable to instruction for hazardous material emergencies. A specialized design checklist was created based on the work of Gagne, Briggs, and Wager (1988), Merrill (1987), and Clark (1989). This checklist was used in the development of lesson plan templates for the hazardous materials incident commander course. Qualitative data for establishing learning objectives was collected by conducting a needs assessment and a job analysis of the incident commander position. Incident commanders ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A popular myth in football (soccer) that it is unwise tactically to score early against Brazil is busted using data from 1993 to 2010. This result provides further evidence about the choice of timing of effort exertion by an underdog in a finite-length industry contest against a more favoured opponent.

Science.gov (United States)

Mission, threat and capabilities adaptations in the twenty-first century continue to change the tasks assigned to U.S. Army Infantry units. Traditional infantry tactical training does not prepare U.S. infantry forces for many of the tasks required in cont...

Science.gov (United States)

~4-5 times per day through a 40 Mbps Ku-band TDRSS link, while commands are uplinked on a 4 ..... During Phase 2 the budget will be ~$6M/year. Accounting ...

Wastenet

... Buckeye rapidly produces high resolution imagery over a commander's area of interest contributing to intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, and also creates detailed mapping of the battlespace. BIG uses an innovative, original and creative combination of Web programming languages, Geographic Information Systems, and ...

Science.gov (United States)

Aimed at some typical constraints of police dogs and robots used in the areas of reconnaissance and counterterrorism currently, the multifunction anti-terrorism robotic system based on police dog has been introduced. The system is made up of two parts: portable commanding device and police dog robotic system. The portable commanding device consists of power supply module, microprocessor module, LCD display module, wireless data receiving and dispatching module and commanding module, which implements the remote control to the police dogs and takes real time monitor to the video and images. The police dog robotic system consists of microprocessor module, micro video module, wireless data transmission module, power supply module and offence weapon module, which real time collects and transmits video and image data of the counter-terrorism sites, and gives military attack based on commands. The system ...

Science.gov (United States)

Feb 11, 1983 ... Kenmore cooktop stove, three. Saxophone, used only two years,. Executive wood desk, 36" x 72", minutes to NASA, $435/me. plus wagon, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This article describes a hierarchical and functional model for continuous process control aid. The expertise is represented by graphs from a simple functional restructuring of the Grafcet, which is the formalism used by the designers of the command-control program. The new structure is familiar to the operator, and it is settled in an expert system. The application built on the basis of this method detects some default types which are not detected by the control-command. It proposes a diagnosis to the operator, and can explain and justify the state of the process. (authors) 9 refs.

Science.gov (United States)

Cryogenic coolers are often used in modern spacecraft in conjunction with sensitive electronics and sensors of military, commercial and scientific instrumentation. The typical space requirements are: power efficiency, low vibration export, proven reliability, ability to survive launch vibration/shock and long-term exposure to space radiation. A long-standing paradigm of exclusively using "space heritage" equipment has become the standard practice for delivering high reliability components. Unfortunately, this conservative "space heritage" practice can result in using outdated, oversized, overweight and overpriced cryogenic coolers and is becoming increasingly unacceptable for space agencies now operating within tough monetary and time constraints. The recent trend in developing mini and micro satellites for relatively inexpensive missions has prompted attempts to adapt leading-edge tactical cryogenic coolers for suitability in the space environment. The primary ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The SCILS program investigates and demonstrates concepts of operation for dispersed theater forces C3. The dispersal concept would increase the number of potential targets for nuclear strike, make these targets smaller, more highly mobile and harder to find, and introduce functional redundancy. The SCILS system is a microcomputer-based approach to preserving and enhancing the effectiveness of C3 operation in a dispersed configuration. In this program, the system was implemented for testing for the 9th Infantry Division in coordination with the Army's Distributed Command and Control System. Technical highlights of the system include a distributed, replicated data base, a video map/graphics-oriented Commander's Decision Display System, a packet switched Multi-Media Network that operates with deployed field communication systems, and a Voice/Data Conferencing System that supports remote coordination/briefing in a dispersed ...

Science.gov (United States)

Secretary Cheney's 1990 Annual Report to the President and the Congress established the requirement for the Unified Commanders in Chief to be prepared for Third World conflict involving roles and missions requiring, 'mobile, highly ready, well equipped fo...

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper presents a prescriptive account of diagnostic problem solving, or diagnosis, in quality and process control. This paper identifies a general strategy, named branch-and-prune, whose manifestations can be found in disciplines such as medical diagnosis, troubleshooting of devices, and model-based diagnosis in artificial intelligence. The work aims to offer a clear conceptualization of this strategy, based on the notions of structures for the search space, and constraints to the cause's nature.The idea is to treat the search space of candidate explanations as a tree structure, in which general and high-level causal directions are branched into more specific and detailed explanations. Constraints eliminate all but a few branches (pruning), which are explored in more detail. We enumer...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper presents a new mathematical model for designing distribution networks in a supply chain system considering service level constraint optimizing strategic decisions (location), tactical decisions (inventory), and assigning decisions. In real-world cases, demand, traveling time or any parameters in classical models may change over the period of time. So, considering uncertainty yields more flexibility for the results and the proposed model. In our study, environmental uncertainty is described by discrete scenarios. In this model, we have service level constraint in order to prevent inventory lost in distribution centers (DCs). Also, we assume that customer's demand is stochastic with Poisson distribution function and DCs have coverage radius constraints thus any DC cannot service a...

Science.gov (United States)

An experimental study of H-air counterflow diffusion flames (CFDFs) is reported. Coaxial tubular

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the energy conservation policy conducted in the Central and Eastern European countries - its development from the start of reforms and up to the present. The problems of rational energy consumption are shown to be closely connected with the concrete conditions of the transition from the economy based on the command principles to the market economy. The author indicates the main areas of application for energy conservation activities. He also describes the models for determination of energy intensity in different branches of energy economy, and organisational structure of the measures to be taken foe energy conservation. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The development of a capability to infer wind velocities simultaneously at a number of ranges along one direction in real time is described. The elastic backscatter lidar data used was obtained using the XM94 lidar, developed by Los Alamos National Laboratory for the US Army Chemical and Biological Detection Command. In some respects this problem is simpler than measuring wind velocities on meso-meteorological scales. Other requirements, particularly high temporal fidelity, have driven the development of faster software algorithms and suggested opportunities for the evolution of the hardware.

CERN Document Server

A set of Maple V R.3/4 computer algebra routines for the analytical solving of 1st. order ODEs, using Lie group symmetry methods, is presented. The set of commands includes a 1st. order ODE-solver and routines for, among other things: the explicit determination of the coefficients of the infinitesimal symmetry generator; the construction of the most general invariant 1st. order ODE under given symmetries; the determination of the canonical coordinates of the underlying invariant group; and the testing of the returned results.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The zinc-air battery/fuel cell is an old technology invented one hundred years ago. However, there is renewed interest in this technology in response to the growing need for clean energy technology. The zinc-air battery/fuel cell is more attractive than similar technologies because its characteristics include high power density, safe operation and storage, and low cost. Zinc-air battery/fuel cells can be made in milliwatts to mega watts to accommodate different applications. The zinc-air battery/fuel cell has four major designs, namely primary, mechanically rechargeable, continuous feed and electrically rechargeable zinc-air battery/fuel cells. Among the different designs, the most common is the air cathode. There are 3 generations of catalysts used in the air cathodes. This paper discussed the different designs of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper we apply stochastic programming modelling and solution techniques to planning problems for a consortium of oil companies. A multiperiod supply, transformation and distribution scheduling problem - the Depot and Refinery Optimization Problem (DROP) - is formulated for strategic or tactical level planning of the consortium's activities. This deterministic model is used as a basis for implementing a stochastic programming formulation with uncertainty in the product demands and spot supply costs (DROPS), whose solution process utilizes the deterministic equivalent linear programming problem. We employ our STOCHGEN general purpose stochastic problem generator to 'recreate' the decision (scenario) tree for the unfolding future as this deterministic equivalent. To project random demands for oil products at different spatial locations into the future and to generate random fluctuations in their future prices/costs a stochastic input data simulator is ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the paper presented, an attempt is made to describe quantitatively the room air motion by diffuse air distribution. Since solving the problem theoretically, seems to be hopeless at present, only an experimental solution seems to promise success. Experiments with diffuse air distribution offer suitable preconditions. With this kind of air introduction into the room, a relatively regular distribution of room air motion can be expected. A further simplification will be achieved by isotherme flow conditions. The first goal of the experiments was to establish whether the velocities measured are reproducible to demonstrate, and can be brought into a functional connection. The room air motion is a measured value which changes temporarily and locally quite largely, far more than is customary with technical measurements. From there, a second task arises, i.e. to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Space HVAC systems are to provide hygienical room air. Air change is necessary because of pollutants released from materials or production processes but also because of the presence of humans or animals who consume oxygen. Poor room climate and/or poor air hygiene do not only reduce the felt comfort but may also result in a loss or profitability and higher sickness rates. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The new industrial political tools based on the sustainable development of productive activities, and originating at the Rio Conference in 1992, late introduced by the EU, the Government and voluntary organizations (ISO, CEM, UNI) are gradually entering the market, thereby underling their effect in terms of industrial competitiveness. The main tools were examined in the report and mostly refer to the voluntary ones which, in surpassing the 'command and control' logic, increasingly tend to get close to traditional fiscal, tariff and financial ones. Voluntary agreements, environmental management systems (EMAS, norme ISO 14001), the risk prevention systems (UNI 10617), certification (Ecolabel, ISO 14040) and environment communication tools (environment balance sheet, environmental report, environmental statement) are synthetically described.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Many modern military systems used for communications, command and control, navigation, and surveillance depend on reliable and relatively noise-free transmission of radiowave signals through the earth's ionosphere. Small-scale irregularities in the ionospheric density can cause severe distortion, known as radiowave scintillation, of both the amplitude and phase of these signals. The WBMOD computer program can be used to estimate these effects on a wide range of systems. The objective of this study is to investigate improvements to the WBMOD model based on extensive data sets covering both the equatorial and high-latitude regimes. This report summarizes the work completed during the second year, which include completion of the new models for the equatorial region and initial development of models for the high latitude (auroral and polar cap) region.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A retrospective study of Ewing's Sarcoma at The Armed Forces Malignant Diseases Treatment Centre, Command Hospital, Pune, is presented. A total of 38 cases over a period of thirteen years have been studied. Males predominate slightly, and the common age group on presentation has been in the second and third decade. Humerus, pelvis and femur are the bones commonly affected. The initial line of management has been primarily radiotherapy, which has been over the years supplemented by combination chemotherapy. All the cases achieved remission, though only 32 cases (84 per cent) had complete remission, and the remaining only partial remission. The overall survival in those offered aggressive therapy has been over 50 per cent in two years. The present policy in the management of these cases is discussed. (author). 4 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A dielectric-wall linear accelerator is improved by a high-voltage, fast rise-time switch that includes a pair of electrodes between which are laminated alternating layers of isolated conductors and insulators. A high voltage is placed between the electrodes sufficient to stress the voltage breakdown of the insulator on command. A light trigger, such as a laser, is focused along at least one line along the edge surface of the laminated alternating layers of isolated conductors and insulators extending between the electrodes. The laser is energized to initiate a surface breakdown by a fluence of photons, thus causing the electrical switch to close very promptly. Such insulators and lasers are incorporated in a dielectric wall linear accelerator with Blumlein modules, and phasing is controlled by adjusting the length of fiber optic cables that carry the laser light to the insulator surface. 12 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Gas turbine component protection remains essential but environmental regulations emphasize the gas-turbine efficiency. Heating and cooling are features often integrated into the GI air intake packages to provide the optimum operating conditions. This paper describes modern inlet air treatment systems and discusses their effectiveness. (author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Studies of the associations between air pollution and hospital admissions and emergency room use are reviewed, including studies of air pollution episodes, time-series analyses, and cross-sectional...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The measurement of air pollutants is no more sufficient. It is necessary to assess the risk induced by air pollution, and then to put in place actions to reduce it. The air quality monitoring takes into account different pollutants: nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, particulates for the traffic; sulfur dioxide and particulates for use of fuel or coal or chemical transformations in air; ozone and nitrogen dioxide from hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides emissions; the use of simulation methods allow to calculate the concentrations levels for these pollutants taken as indicators. (N.C.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The key component for improving the energy efficiency and cycle life of the electrically rechargeable zinc-air battery is the bifunctional air electrode. The air electrodes described in this paper contained different types of carbon black as the substrate for the perovskite catalyst (La{sub 0.6}Ca{sub 0.4}CoO{sub 3}). Morphological and physical properties of the carbon substrates play an important role in enhancing the activity and stability of the bifunctional air electrode. Current-potential curves and cycle-life tests were applied in order to gather information on the activity and stability of these electrodes. (authors)

Science.gov (United States)

... Civil Engineering Page 2. ... 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Transforming Civil Engineering (Air Force Civil Engineer, Volume 15, Number 1, 2007) 5a. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report documents the technical basis by which the workplace air monitoring and sampling program is operated in the 324 and 327 Buildings.

Science.gov (United States)

... If the MCAV is used in conjunction with a cooling system designed for the CVC air vest, the wearer would receive more cooling due entirely to the ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADD331250. Title : Characterizing Differential Air-Core Eddy Current Probes. Corporate Author : Personal ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The new industrial political tools based on the sustainable development of productive activities, and originating at the Rio Conference in 1992, late introduced by the EU, the Government and voluntary organizations (ISO, CEM, UNI) are gradually entering the market, thereby underling their effect in terms of industrial competitiveness. The main tools were examined in the report and mostly refer to the voluntary ones which, in surpassing the 'command and control' logic, increasingly tend to get close to traditional fiscal, tariff and financial ones. Voluntary agreements, environmental management systems (EMAS, ISO 14001), the risk prevention systems (UNI 10617), certification (Eco label, ISO 14040) and environment communication tools (environment balance sheet, environmental report, environmental statement) are synthetically described. [Italian] I nuovi strumenti di politica industriale orientati allo sviluppo sostenibile delle attivita' ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The new industrial political tools based on the Sustainable development of productive activities and originating at the Rio Conference in 1992, late introduced by the EU, the Government and voluntary organizations (ISO, CEM, UNI) are gradually entering the market, thereby underlying their effect in terms of industrial competitiveness. The main tools were examined in this report and mostly refer to the voluntary ones which, in surpassing the Command and Control logic, increasingly tend to get close to traditional fiscal, tariff and financial ones. [Italian] I nuovi strumenti di politica industriale orientali allo Sviluppo Sostenibile delle attivita' produttive che traggono origine dalla Conferenza di Rio del 1992 e sono stati introdotti successivamente da pare della Comunita' Europea, dal Governo e dagli Organismi di normazione volontaria (ISO, CEN, UNI), stanno gradualmente penetrando sul mercato facendo valere i loro effetti in termini di ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Because of good thermal insulation of advanced energetic buildings and their good airtightness the air hygiene is insufficient. A normal ventilation behaviour by window opening consumes too much heating energy. A calculation method is shown taking into account a required air change number, flow rate and indoor air quality as thermal comfort in the rooms occupied by different number of persons. (GL)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short communication. 1 fig.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared

Science.gov (United States)

... 14 Face Detection ..... 14 Automated Mapping ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The report examines common ventilation and air conditioning systems and strategies for both domestic and commercial buildings; and covers issues such as energy conservation, indoor air quality and occupant comfort. Drawing data from many countries in Europe and the United States of America, various natural, mechanical and air conditioning systems were compared using criteria such as climate, level of occupant interaction, and level of system comfort. This classification system is evaluated and seen as a valuable framework for further research. (U.K.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The ventilation performance of cold-air distribution systems was investigated in a full-scale test room for three different designs of ceiling-mounted diffusers: a large square radial, a small square radial, and two linear diffusers. The supply air temperature was 38 F (3.3 C). Tests were conducted with internal heat loads and with and without furnishings. The local mean ages of air, air diffusion effectiveness, and contaminant-removal efficiency were measured using tracer gas techniques to assess the performance of the ventilation system in maintaining adequate air quality conditions in the occupied region. Air velocities and temperatures were also measured in the occupied region to calculate the air diffusion performance index (ADPI). It was found that the cold-air distribution system provided satisfactory ...

Science.gov (United States)

This report describes an investigation of the performance of air-augmented waterjet thrusters. The investigation is divided into two parts. Part one describes a study of the injection of large diameter air bubbles to reduce heat transfer between the air and water and, thus, increase the thrust. This study is done analytically by solving the appropriate, governing equations. The results indicate that the approach is very worth-while since thrust can be increased ten percent as compared to air-augmentation with small bubbles. Several practical systems are discussed for injecting large air bubbles. Part two is an experimental investigation of the thrust produced under a wind range of conditions. The results show that a thrust increase of more than 20 percent can be achieved by air-augmentation. Further, the performance improves for larger thrust nozzles.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By means of a numerical simulation model (PHOENICS) the air flow and the distribution of the air concentration in an operating room of an hospital have been calculated. Comparisons were made for 11 different conditions (m[sup 3]/h air flow, speed of the air supply in the centre, the middle and outside of the room), of which six cases are discussed in this article, in order to optimize the air flow pattern in the room. The calculations were conducted for the so-called Howorth system. It is shown that the inlet velocity profile with a higher inlet velocity in the center zone of the hood gives the best results. The calculated results were validated by some measurements and experiments with smoke. 7 figs., 2 tabs., 8 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this research is to experimentally study the efficiency of a new-design plate collector used to heat air in a new desalination humidification-dehumidification process. In fact, in such processes, the air solar collectors work at unusual experimental parameters (forced convection, elevated air humidity, high solar irradiation). At these stressed experimental conditions, few published works are available in literature. Furthermore, the comparison of the efficiency of collectors running with normal air humidity content (about 10-20 g kg{sup -1}) and air of elevated humidity (20-50 g kg{sup -1}) have not been published to our knowledge. In the present investigation, a new air solar plate collector was designed and developed for its use in a desalination process. Moreover, a characterization of such collector was performed under different experimental ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Twenty years after its building, the tertiary sector of La Defense district near Paris has been rehabilitated. The main reason is not only the age and wear of materials but the heating costs, the fire protection regulations, the search for a better air quality and air renewing with less dusts, smells and noise and a controlled moisture. This paper describes first the original installation of the Monge CB 6 office building and then the renovated installation: the central hot and cold air-treatment plant, the variable flow ventilation system, the air extraction and supply system threw the roofs and the pressure and thermal regulation of the installation. (J.S.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The major inquiry of the political party 'Die Gruenen' touches all problems connected with air pollution. The Federal Government states that an extensive air pollution abatement program, i.e. the revision of existing regulations and implementation of new ones has been allowing the realization of all essential environmental aims originally headed for three years ago in the field of air pollution abatement. Achievements such as these will bring about another obvious improvement of the air quality of the Federal Republic of Germany in the coming years. The recent development of energy economy has also proved to be having an obivously positive effect on the environment and pollution abatement. (HSCH).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The dogmatic and constitutional basis as well as points of definition concerning the Technical Code Clean Air (TA Luft) are explained at first, followed by an assessment of the air pollution concentrations within the overall complex of the air pollution abatement measures, and an analyses of air pollution concentrations as a concretization of the state-of-the-art. In connection with the differentiation of the various applicability levels of TA Luft, the inhouse validy for authorities, the importance for law courts and, finally, the external binding effect for plant operators and possible third parties are discussed. At the center of attention are questions concerning validity claims and validity possibilities. (HSCH).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The cost incurred every year in West Germany due to air pollution is investigated. Damage to buildings, materials, and vegetation are evaluated as well as the cost of additional cleaning work and changes of location with the objective of getting a picture of the economic value of air pollution abatement. The findings are based on data of immission damage in high-exposure areas. Damage is assessed in consideration of the frequency of repair measures in industrial and country atmosphere. Further research will be necessary in view of the many problems concerning methods and availability of basic statistical data. The sequential cost estimated for a few selected cases of damage show that economic losses due to air pollution amount to several thousand million DM. Air pollution abatement measures thus do not only improve our quality of life but also help to save considerable cost to our national economy.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recycling of the spent rinse water discharged from the wet benches commonly used in semiconductor processing is one tactic for responding to the targets for water usage published in the 1997 National Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (NTRS). Not only does the NTRS list a target that dramatically reduces total water usage/unit area of silicon manufactured by the industry in the future but for the years 2003 and beyond, the NTRS actually touts goals which would have semiconductor manufacturers drawing less water from a regional water supply per unit area of silicon manufactured than the quantity of ultrapure water (UPW) used in the production of that same silicon. Achieving this latter NTRS target strongly implies more widespread recycling of spent rinse waters at semiconductor manufacturing sites. In spite of the fact that, by most metrics, spent rinse waters are of much higher purity than incoming municipal waters, recycling of these spent rinse waters back ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In 1982 the semi-submersible drilling unit Ocean Ranger capsized and sank off the Grand Banks, resulting in the loss of the entire 84-man crew. A Royal Commission was set up to conduct an enquiry into the incident, and to carry out a process of research and opinion-gathering towards providing recommendations to both federal and Newfoundland governments. The primary purpose of the Commission was to determine why the Ocean Ranger sank, why none of the crew were saved, and how to avoid similar disasters. A number of studies and seminars were held to focus expert knowledge and opinion in several key fields and to update studies and fill gaps in the data base. Summaries of selected study reports and the seminar proceedings are presented in the following areas: the environment, including ice, marine climatology, weather forecasting services, wave climatology, oceanographic information, and seabed information; design, including mobile offshore drilling rig design evolution, continuity from ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The intent and purpose of this work was to investigate and demonstrate cooperative behavior among a group of mobile robot machines. The specific goal of this work was to build a small swarm of identical machines and control them in such a way as to show a coordinated movement of the group in a flocking manner, similar to that observed in nature. Control of the swarm`s individual members and its overall configuration is available to the human user via a graphic man-machine interface running on a base station control computer. Any robot may be designated as the nominal leader through the interface tool, which then may be commanded to proceed to a particular geographic destination. The remainder of the flock follows the leader by maintaining their relative positions in formation, as specified by the human controller through the interface. The formation`s configuration can be altered manually through an interactive graphic-based tool. An alternative mode of control ...

Science.gov (United States)

In this study the technical and economical possibilities of burning carbon monoxide (CO) of the flue gas and utilizing of the released heat in hot air cupola furnace used for melting have been studied. As basis for examining was burning of cleaned furnace...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

With specific energy of more than 200 Wh/kg, the Electric Fuel zinc-air battery delivers as much as eight times the energy of lead-acid traction battery, more than twice the energy of the nearest advanced-battery competitor, and as much energy as a tank of gasoline. (author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background.The air bubbles and foam that develop during the preparation of platelet units have traditionally been considered to interact with the platelets, causing activation and...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A schematic diagram of the decision making process for air pollution control equipment for the conversion of a fossil-fired generating unit from oil to coal is presented and explained.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We report the first quantitative assessment of electrosprayed droplet/ion focusing enabled by the use of a voltage-assisted air amplifier between an electrospray ionization emitter and a hybrid...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Climate Observations Joint Air-Sea Monsoon Investigation: JASMINE Nauru '99 NTAS PACS SHEBA STRATUS VOCALS WHOTS Data Cruises Tropical Eastern Pacific Synthesis The Research...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The objective of this program is to tool-harden and make commercially available an existing wireless MWD tool to reliably operate in an air, air-mist, or air-foam environment during Appalachian Basin oil and gas directional drilling operations in conjunction with downhole motors and/or (other) bottom-hole assemblies. The application of this technology is required for drilling high angle (holes) and horizontal well drilling in low-pressure, water sensitive, tight gas formations that require air, air-mist, and foam drilling fluids. The basic approach to accomplishing this objective was to modify GEC's existing electromagnetic (e-m) CABLELESS''{trademark} MWD tool to improve its reliability in air drilling by increasing its tolerance to higher vibration and shock levels (hardening). Another important aim of the program is to provide for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this paper is to assess a new local air coolers model in ISAAC 2.0, as ISAAC 1.0 could model local air coolers only at two locations. In the new model, local air coolers up to twelve locations could be handled. Large LOCA and loss of feed water sequences were selected for the model comparison. Two cases were analyzed with ISAAC 2.0: one with 6 local air coolers in one of the fueling machine room and in the steam generator room, respectively, and the other with 3 local air coolers at both fueling machine room and 6 local air coolers in the steam generator room. The study assumes that the safety systems such as emergency core cooling system, shield cooling system and moderator cooling system are unavailable. According to the ISAAC 2.0 results, the new local air coolers model showed almost no difference between two cases. Also it ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

IntroductionThe murine air pouch is a bursa-like space that resembles the human synovial membrane. Injection of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals into the pouch elicits an acute inflammatory...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes a new concept in zinc-air battery technology and provides and insight into the role of the German Post Office and its former chairman in its commercial promotion. (UK)

Science.gov (United States)

An experimental investigation of heat transfer characteristics for various configurations of air jets impinging on the leading edge inner surface of a gas turbine blade wall is presented. Three configurations were investigated, namely a slot jet, a round ...

Science.gov (United States)

Scraped-surface heat transfer augmentation is proposed as a possible technique for use in improved air-cooling designs. Although it has been in common use with liquids, the technique has apparently never been used with gases. An experimental investigation...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Air pollution abatement measures are not an end in themselves, and undesirable side effects should be taken into account. The proposed emission index takes into account the total emissions caused by a technical project as well as the effects of the individual pollutants.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document, Part 2 of Volume 2, provides appendices to this report and includes the following technologies, zinc/air battery; lithium/molybdenum disulfide battery; sodium/sulfur battery; nickel/cadmium battery; nickel/iron battery; iron/oxygen battery and iron/air battery. (FI)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Air conditioning of urban electric cars by Peltier effect is simulated. Advantages (noise, simplicity of construction and of regulation, good heating performances...) and disadvantages (cooling performances lower than actual compressors, actual costs...) are presented. (A.B.). 8 refs., 5 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes a new idea for zinc-air battery design. The novel idea is a porous zinc electrode surrounded with a supersaturated zincate solution. 3 figs. (JDH)

Science.gov (United States)

IAQ Tools for Schools Program Leaders in Improving Indoor Air Quality in Schools Baldwin Union Free School District, Baldwin, NY El Paso Independent School District, El Paso,...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the 1988 February issue of this magazine the units olf and decipol were introduced. Olf is a measure for the pollution load and decipol for the indoor air quality. This article discusses a new ventilation theory which is quantified by the new indoor air quality thermal comfort balance based on the units olf and decipol. This balance requires more ventilation air than for the present regulations. It takes into account all pollution sources. 2 figs., 9 refs., 3 tabs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(Dec 1973). United States Tausch, HJ Antinone, RJ Bailey, RA Air Force

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book is divided into the following chapters: the atmospheric boundary layer; atmospheric diffusion; pollutants and their properties; and environmental monitoring and impact.

Science.gov (United States)

... conditions. the Air Force Research Laboratory's Aural Displays and The advent of virtual audio technology provides as many ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper analyses the errors caused by interpolation from existing cases for assessing indoor air flow, air quality and thermal comfort in an office. A sensitivity study is then provided to determine the influence of several boundary conditions on indoor air diffusion. The research is conducted numerically by using a low-Reynolds-number k-{epsilon} model. It can be concluded that the interpolation errors caused by the variations of solar radiation, window size, heat source location due to lighting, and the surface temperatures of interior walls are small and can be quantitatively determined. But it is difficult to estimate the errors introduced by the variations of furniture location and size. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This article deals with the need for control strategies and control systems in buildings with hybrid ventilation. In this respect, control strategies are methods of keeping certain parameters like temperature, air quality etc within specified limits. A control system is automatic and includes sensors, motors, dampers etc. The article also discusses consequences with respect to thermal comfort, air quality and energy use following selection of control parameters for controlling air masses.

Science.gov (United States)

Not Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This conference is composed of 21 communications and 21 posters in the domain of building ventilation and indoor air quality; the main themes are: indoor air quality assessment and optimization; performance enhancement and optimization of ventilation systems and equipment; ventilation systems for renovated and rehabilitated buildings; French and European regulations, standardizations and certifications; experimental and numerical simulation studies concerning ventilation systems, air flow, temperature distribution, air quality, thermal comfort and ventilation-induced acoustic levels

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Meteorology and Air Quality (MAQ) group at Los Alamos National Laboratory maintains and operates a large network of environmental air samplers called AIRNET. Some of these samplers are located near Material Disposal Area C at TA-50, a low-level radioactive waste burial site in the semiarid environment of the Pajarito Plateau, near Los Alamos. AIRNET sampling media consist of a filter and silica gel. They are exchanged once every 2 weeks. Presented are 5 months of air sampling results for 5 stations operating in the vicinity of Material Disposal Area C.

Science.gov (United States)

... A control design methodology enabling the adaptive neural augmentation. ... As an example, the problem of designing a neural augmentation system. ...

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: DEC

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This patent describes an improved zinc electrode for a rechargeable zinc-air battery comprising an outer frame and a porous foam electrode support within the frame which is treated prior to the deposition of zinc thereon to inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites on the external surface thereof. The outer frame is provided with passageways for circulating an alkaline electrolyte through the treated zinc-coated porous foam. A novel rechargeable zinc-air battery system is also disclosed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This article describes the state-of-the-art HVAC system at the Philadelphia Marriott Hotel. Thermal comfort and indoor air quality are emphasized. The system uses a hybrid gas absorption/electric centrifugal chilled water plant, variable flow pumping, water-side economizers to provide free cooling, central air handling units with air-side economizers and flow monitoring equipment.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Parameters of the vortex air flow in an isothermal model of the cyclone chamber are studied. The effect of the air velocity in nozzles on the values and character of the distribution of pressure and tangential and longitudinal velocities of air in the chamber is determined. Numerical modeling of the flow is performed, and it is shown that numerical calculation by the k-w turbulence model is in agreement with experimental data.

Wastenet

... The colored background is an isopleth map showing change in sulfate concentrations as measured by the CASTNET rural air quality monitoring network , leading to significant improvements in air quality and human health. Wet sulfate deposition decreased 43 percent in the Northeast and 44 percent in the ...

Science.gov (United States)

The paper describes the Integrated Air Pollution Control System (IAPCS), a computerized program that can be used to estimate the cost and performance of pre-combustion, in situ, and post-combustion air pollution control configurations in pulverized-coal-fired utility boilers of 1...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The development of emmissions, the measures planned and carried out and the present state of research in the Federal Republic of Germany into air pollution effects and abatement technology is reported. Possible starting points and solutions for air pollution abatement measures are explored within the legal framework.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper presents a computer-aided analysis of the combined use of ventilation and structural heat capacity and insulation as a means of saving air-conditioning power in digital telephone exchanges. It is shown that such savings can be effected by increasing air change with outdoor cool air at night, and when feasible, also in daytime, through the air change unit, in a conventional airconditioning cycle. The total thermal time constant (TTTC) method of calculation used enables the evaluation of daily or seasonal heat-flow balance for a given indoor temperature, considering the tendency of the heat capacity of the building and of envelope components to flatten the fluctuations of this temperature.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The first part of the study goes into the determination of efficient strategies for the reduction of air pollutants. The developed method is not only derived theoretically but is tested with the concrete example of emissions sources of a German state. The second part goes into the question what the government can do in order to attain that air pollution abatement measures recognized as being efficient will be put into practice. As market economy mechanisms have advantages over central state planning in the allocation of economic resources the question arises if not also for environmental protection market economy tools may contribute to an improvement of the efficiency of air pollution abatement. Therefore the suitability of different tools of environmental policy for the realization of efficient air pollution abatement is investigated and evaluated. This is again not done abstractly but with existing ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Solar drier does not degrade any more the dried products with the manner of the products dried at the natural sun. The drying unit is composed mainly of a solar air collector and an enclosure of drying. The transformation of the solar radiation into heat is done thanks to the solar collector whose effectiveness is increased by the addition of suitable baffles in the mobile air vein. The efficiency of the collector reaches then 80. The hot air on the outlet side of the collector arrives in the enclosure of drying where the heat transfer with the product to be dried is done by convection. The kinetics drying study shows that in addition to the dependence of the temperature and air velocity of drying, the speed of drying also depends on fragmentation on the product to dry, and mainly, of the product surface in contact with the drying air. Thus, the hygrometry is reduced from 76 to 13 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Industrial premises bear more and more important thermal constraints which can commonly reach 150 W/m{sup 2} and more. The reason is the general development of automation and automatic devices and the better thermal insulation of buildings. Production quality requires also more and more strict ambient conditions (temperature, humidity, air quality, air flow etc..). Thus, the air-conditioning market in the industrial sector is more linked to economic factors such as productivity and profit than to thermal comfort of workers. However, the air-conditioning potentialities in the industrial sector remains under-exploited in France. This paper analyzes the reasons of this situation in terms of investments and equipments. (J.S.)

Science.gov (United States)

This study examined the atmospheric pollution created by some waste treatment and disposal facilities in the State of Kuwait. Air monitoring was conducted in a municipal wastewater treatment plant, an industrial wastewater treatment plant established in a petroleum refinery, and at a landfill site used for disposal of solid wastes. Such plants were selected as models for waste treatment and disposal facilities in the Arabian Gulf region and elsewhere. Air measurements were made over a period of 6 months and included levels of gaseous emissions as well as concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Samples of gas and bioaerosols were collected from ambient air surrounding the treatment facilities. The results obtained from this study have indicated the presence of VOCs and other gaseous pollutants such as methane, ammonia, and hydrogen sulphide in air surrounding the waste treatment and disposal ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The present work reports an experimental study on the behavior of a jet flame surrounded by a shroud of combustion air. Measurements focussed on the flame length and the emissions of NO{sub x}, total unburned hydrocarbons, CO{sub 2}, and O{sub 2}. Four different fuel flow rates (40.0, 78.33, 138.33, and 166.6 cm/s), air flow rates up to 2500 cm{sup 3}/s and four different air injector diameters (0.079 cm, 0. 158 cm, 0.237 cm, and 0.316 cm) were used. The shroud of combustion air causes the flame length to decrease by a factor proportional to 1/[p{sub a}/p{sub f} + C{sub 2}({mu}{sub a}Re,a/{mu}{sub f}Re,f){sup 2}]{sup {1/2}}. A substantial shortening of the flame length occurred by increasing the air injection velocity keeping fuel rate fixed or conversely by lowering the fuel flow rate keeping air flow rate constant. NO{sub x} emissions ranging from 5 ppm to 64 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study based on the mass transfer theory, experiments for the evaporation rates depending on various conditions were carried out through the operation of the existing Natural Evaporation Facility in KAERI. Evaporation media were made of the cotton and polyester. Air circulation in the facility was forced by exhausting fans. The evaporation rate and the decontamination factor were calculated by the result of experiment. The evaporation rate increased as the flow rate of air supply, the feed rate of liquid waste, and the temperature of supplied air increased. As for the humility of supplied air, the evaporation rate was getting higher as the humidity was getting lower. As the result of this study, operation conditions of the Natural Evaporation Facility are optimized as follows; The air temperature above 8C .deg., the air humidity below 70%, the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are certain factors to take into account when determining the suitability of a healthy house site. Power lines, agricultural spraying, vehicle exhaust, and industrial pollution are all potential sources of indoor air contamination. It is recommended that a environmental assessment be done to determine whether there are specific sources of contamination. Good drainage is required. The surrounding landscaping should be open and sunlit, and with low maintenance requirements. Decks and fences made from pressure-treated or chemical treated lumber should be avoided. One of the early decisions in the design process is the choice of the structural system. The key with all foundation types is to control moisture, whether from rain, from the ground, or the condensation of moisture from the air with cooling. The construction frame is sealed away from the occupants by the air/vapor barrier, so only in extreme cases is it ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The influence of location of airborne particle source, ventilation rate, air inlet size, supply air velocity, air outlet location, and heat source on the distributions of airborne particle concentration and draught risk in an operating room is investigated. The investigation is carried out by using a flow program with the k-[epsilon] model of turbulence. Based on a standard case, five cases, each with one changed parameter, are computed, and the detailed field distributions of air velocity, temperature, airborne particle concentration, and draught risk are presented. The parametric study concludes that, for a better air quality and thermal comfort, it is desirable to use a higher inflow rate, a larger inlet area, and a uniform velocity profile of supply air. Outlet location and heat source have little influence on the distributions of the particle concentration ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To predict air quality properly at a given location, it is necessary to identify all emission sources that will have significant impact at that location. Furthermore, the atmospheric pollutants that are emitted by these sources must be identified and quantitatively characterized. Once the air-quality predictions have been made, it is desirable to have some historical air-quality data for comparison. An efficient means of obtaining this information is through the use of detailed emission inventories and an inventory of air-quality-monitoring stations. Therefore, as part of the Alberta Government/Industry Acid Deposition Research Program (ADRP), three comprehensive inventories have been developed, namely: a sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/) emission inventory, a nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission inventory, and an inventory of air-quality-monitoring stations. Volume 2, Design of the Emission ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Experimental investigations of the turbulence characteristics of the air flow above the wave surface of the film in the horizontal rectangular channel in the 5-20 m/s velosity range of the air rate change (Reynolds number for the air 120O0-48000, 100-1000 for the film) are carried out. It is shown that intensities of turbulent pulsations of the rate increase with the growth of liquid flow rate in the film especially in the region of large squall waves. The experimental results on the pulsations are presented in the dimensionless form by a universal dependence. Distributions of tangentials of turbulent stresses above the film are obtained, turbulent stresses are compared with friction losses at the phase interface.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We report tests of a refuelable zinc/air battery of modular, bipolar-cell design, intended for fleet electric busses and vans. The stack consists of twelve 250-cm{sup 2} cells built of two units: (1) a copper-clad glass-reinforced epoxy board supporting anode and cathode current collectors, and (2) polymer frame providing for air- and electrolyte distribution and zinc fuel storage. The stack was refueled in 4 min. by a hydraulic transfer of zinc particles entrained in solution flow.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Survey report: The Petroleum Association for the Conservation of the Canadian Environment is an organization of petroleum refiners that works closely with the Canadian government to set realistic air pollution control standards for refinery emissions. To date, the refiners have made a substantial investment in pollution abatement equipment. As a result, there have been no major pollution incidents traceable to refinery emissions. In the future, it will be essential that refiners continue to invest in air pollution abatement measures and continue to cooperate with the government in setting achievable pollution control standards. (1 photo, 1 table)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The production of and emission factors for the air-polluting matters sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons (esp. benz(a)pyrene), aldehyde and soot with regard to natural gas, excluding process furnaces, are dealt with. The comparison with other fuels indicates that only as to nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide are emission factors equal in order of magnitude. As a summary measure of all air-polluting matters the emission index as proposed already in 1972 is applied. It shows emissions with single-room furnaces for heating oil EL to be six times as high as with natural gas; with black-coal briquettes the factor is at least 33, with wood chimneys about 200.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A numerical model has been developed to simulate the charging and discharge behaviour of an electrically rechargeable alkaline zinc-air battery. Further a galvanostatic experiment including three charge/discharge cycles has been performed. The cell voltages, the Zn electrode potentials versus a Zn reference, and the O{sub 2} electrode potentials versus a Zn reference calculated with the model are in fairly good agreement with the corresponding experimental data. The model is expected to be useful for zinc-air battery design and for analysis of experimental data. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Five fires that occurred in the air and gas treatment systems of U.S. commercial nuclear power plants are reviewed. The causes of the fires, the method of extinguishing them and possible fire prevention methods are correlated with the properties of the adsorbents. The similarities and differences of adsorbent (carbon) fires of solvent recovery systems and the nuclear air-cleaning units are discussed in relation to fire development, consequences of the fire, and fire extinguishing methods. The latest methodology of fire prevention, as proposed for a New Hampshire nuclear power plant is described.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Convective cooling of turbine hot parts using a closed loop system is disclosed. Preferably, the present invention is applied to cooling the hot parts of combustion turbine power plants, and the cooling provided permits an increase in the inlet temperature and the concomitant benefits of increased efficiency and output. In preferred embodiments, methods and apparatus are disclosed wherein air is removed from the combustion turbine compressor and delivered to passages internal to one or more of a combustor and turbine hot parts. The air cools the combustor and turbine hot parts via convection and heat is transferred through the surfaces of the combustor and turbine hot parts.

Science.gov (United States)

David N. Spires and Rick W. Sturdevant, "From Advent to Milstar: The United States Air Force and the Challenges of Military Satellite Communications. Chapter 8 ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

To reduce the cost of the formed coke briquettes which can be used as a substitute fuel to the metallurgical coke for the blast furnace from the coke breeze alternative binders and their blends were used. The high temperature behavior was investigated. The binders tested were: the nitrogen blown, air blown coal tar pitch and the blend of air blown coal tar pitch with the phenolic resins blends. The phenolic resin blends were prepared by mixing equal amount of resole and novalac. From the results, nitrogen blowing resulted in the weakest briquettes. The air blowing procedure should be preferred in place of nitrogen blowing for this purpose. When the air blown coal tar pitch was used alone as a binder, the briquettes must be cured at 200^oC for 2h, then carbonized at a temperature above 670^...

Science.gov (United States)

... of Packaging Requirements. MIL-STD-2073-1 DoD Packaging Data Forms Instruction for Preparation and Use. I DATA ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this work an experimental study is carried out to determine the thermo-hydraulic performance of an intercooler (IC) with flat tubes provided with triangular plain internal fins and louvered external fins when it is used on a car equipped with a low pressure EGR. The main unknowns to be answered are the thermo-hydraulic characteristics of the IC working under humid conditions induced by EGR, the conditions under which the water content in the mixture of air and exhaust gases begins to condense and the conditions under which the condensed water will be retained inside the IC. The exhaust gases are here replaced by a mixture of dry air and water vapour which are mixed upstream of the IC. The IC is submitted at the following testing conditions: on the ambient air side, the air temperature i...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The primary determinants of pulmonary disease are environmental. The same thinness and delicacy of the air-blood barrier which allows rapid exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide also reduce its effectiveness...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... Concerning Persons and Organizations not Affiliated with the Department of Defense," January 7, 1980 (f) DoD 5240.1-R, "Procedures Governing ...

Science.gov (United States)

... For short-warning crises in other regions, Marine Expeditionary Units, the 82nd Airborne Division, Special Operations Forces, and Air Force/Navy ...

Science.gov (United States)

... E. 3. Krasnicki, Lord Corporation, Erie, PA EFFECT OF AIR CAVITY ON THE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF LOADED DRUMS S. Do. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... the political charisma to compete with support of heavy divisions until recently. ... 82nd Airborne Division, the 101st Air Assault Division, the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using gasoline as an example of additives for cold start improvement, fuel vapor composition of methanol-gasoline mixtures, fuel evaporation rate in consideration of temperature drop due to heat of fuel evaporation, air fuel ratio, stoichiometric air fuel ratio and excess air ratio of fuel vapor were calculated. The mixture formation of methanol-gasoline mixtures at low temperature in otto cycle engines was studied. Van Laar's empirical formula was used to estimate the partial pressure of high-percentage methanol blends. It was found that the most part of fuel vapor is occupied by gasoline, even when a small amount of gasoline is added to methanol resulting to an extremely small excess air ratio. It is obvious that this vapor pressure adjustment using gasoline is the dominant factor for improvement in cold startability. (10 figs, 1 tab, 10 refs)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In the last years, the growing demand for air conditioning has caused a significant increase in demand for primary energy resources. Solar-powered cooling is one of the technologies which allows to obtain, by using the renewable solar source, an important energy saving compared to traditional air conditioning plants. The paper describes different technical installations for solar cooling, their way of operation, advantages and limits. The objective of the present study has been to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of solar absorption cooling systems, designed for two different application fields: industrial refrigeration and air conditioning. The possibility to replace or integrate the existing plants is studied, by considering the refrigeration requirements of a company, whic...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Unlike the conventional automotive, modem railway trains are designed with non-openable windows; and a mechanical ventilation and air-conditioning (MVAC) system is installed in each train compartment for better indoor air quality as well as to provide a thermally comfortable environment. The ventilation rate is no doubt a critical element in the design of a MVAC system, especially in Hong Kong where the daily passenger load is extremely heavy. Earlier studies illustrated that carbon dioxide can be controlled at 1000 ppm by increasing the ventilation rate to 25.2 m{sup 3} h{sup -1}; however, it will also lead to an increase in energy consumption. In this paper, the electrical energy consumption at various ventilation rates was studied, and the cost of maintaining a low carbon dioxide level was estimated These provide solid information for the local railway companies to improve the air quality inside the train compartments. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Air Station, Oahu, Kahuku Training Area ... K-Pier, Hawaii, Bradshaw Army Airfield, Hawaii (R&S ... impact area); Makua Military Reservation, Oahu (R&S ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Electric Fuel Limited (EFL) refuelable zinc-air battery system is currently being tested in a number of electric vehicle demonstration projects, the largest of which is a field test of zinc-air postal vans sponsored chiefly by Deutsche Post AG (the German Post Office). The zinc-air battery is not recharged electrically, but rather is refueled through a series of mechanical and electrochemical steps that will require a special infrastructure in commercial application. As part of the German Post Office field test program, Electric Fuel designed and constructed a pilot zinc anode regeneration plant in Bremen, Germany. This plant is capable of servicing up to 100 commercial vans per week, which is adequate for the field test vehicle fleet. This paper will describe the design and operation of each of the areas and devices within the plant.

Science.gov (United States)

... current and cancelled), Joint Staff and other US Military (ie, Army, Navy, Air ... Title : RECTAL TEMPERATURE OF THE WORKING SLED DOG. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The development of the monitoring network for background measurements of air pollution in the USSR is noted. The use of paired stations, to aid in locating permanent sites as well as for determining the local component of background air pollution, is described. Thermoelectric actionometers with five glass filters are used to measure Shupp's turbidity coefficient for estimating extinction of solar radiation due to aerosols. Sampling and chemical analysis of precipitation uses methods developed during the International Geophysical Year. An intercomparison of meteorological instruments was carried out in the USSR in 1973 and 1978. The most stable actinometer was the Linke-Foisner device. Chemical analyses of precipitation made since 1958 in the USSR show increases in air pollution levels only in particular areas.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The changed political situation and recognition of the acute destruction of the natural environment in Poland have caused a series of actions aimed at preventing further deterioration of Polish environment. One of the most important events which took place in the last few years was the enactment by the Polish Parliament in May 1991 of the Act on the National Ecological Policy. The basic assumption of the new environmental policy is a declaration that sustainable development will in future direct economic development in Poland. The aim of the presented paper is to introduce existing policy of air protection and instruments which have been implemented to protect the air. Special attention is paid to legislation instruments, introduction and enforcement of proper economic mechanisms strengthening air protection and foreign policy aiming at increasing foreign assistance for this objective. Pollutants involved include sulfur ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Joint Staff and other US Military (ie, Army, Navy, Air ... HEART RATE, AND BODY TEMPERATURE DURING WORK IN MAN, DOG, AND SWINE. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... and regional land, sea, air, and space-based systems, and ... means of delivery of weapons where such ... a separable and divisible part of the weapon. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Sep 21, 2006 ... NASA has selected Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, Pa., to design, furnish and install a plant to produce liquid nitrogen for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new method for analysis and design of smoothing reactances utilising two-dimensional planar models is presented in this paper. Inductance and magnetic flux density are calculated, and their results compared with those measured experimentally. The results obtained are good if compared with those measured once the machine have been built. Moreover, the method herein developed is applied to the calculation of air gap lengths in terms of the desired current and inductance. The kind of reactances studied presents windings in both limbs and air gaps in the four corners (joint of limbs and yokes). The main contribution of this paper is the presentation of a method of industrial application, to be easily developed, with a very important reduction in the time of machine calculation (due to the decrease in the number of nodes and elements compared with the three-dimensional model) for the determination of the air gap length in ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper presents a theoretical analysis based on the second law of thermodynamics for estimating the minimum work required for air dehumidification process to produce potable water in a humidification-dehumidification (HD) desalination cycle. The general air dehumidification process is analyzed through an equivalent path consisting of an isothermal dehumidification followed by a sensible cooling Dehumidification is treated as separation process of an ideal mixture consisting of two components, namely air and water vapor. The present analysis assumes the dead state to be the dry ambient and the final state for complete dehumidification to be saturated air at 0.01?C. Contours of the minimum work are plotted on psychrometric chart and presented as a handy engineering tool to estimate the p...

Science.gov (United States)

Team 6 Regimental Combat Team 8 Retired Activities Office Safety Division School of Infantry - East School of Infantry - West Second Low Altitude Air Defense Battalion Security...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prototype tests conducted during the winter of 1989/90 have successfully demonstrated an economical design for air stripping volatile hydrocarbons from oily tanker ballast water. The prototype air stripper, developed for Alyeska's Ballast Water Treatment (BWT) facility in Valdez, Alaska, ran continuously for three months with an average removal of 88% of the incoming volatile organics. Initially designed to remove oil and grease compounds from tanker ballast water, the BWT system has been upgraded to a three-step process to comply with new, stringent regulations. The BWT biological oxidation process enhances the growth of bacteria present in the incoming ballast water through nutrient addition, aeration, and recirculation within a complete-mixed bioreactor. The average removal of BETX is over 95%, however, occassional upsets required the placement of a polishing air stripper downstream of the aeration tanks. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Aug 18, 2004 ... The Arabian Gulf region presents a challenge to meteorologists trying to simulate weather with computer models because sea-surface and land ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An experimental and theoretical study of heat and mass transfer analogy and a comparison of that to a binary liquid mixture evaporation is presented. Common organic solvents, ethanol and n-heptane, were used to form an alcohol - hydrocarbon mixture. Studies were carried out in a horizontal rectangular channel having air flow velocities of 0.2 - 0.9 m/s. Heat transfer coefficients were measured with a copper plate resistor and mass transfer coefficients with a square pool. The heat and mass transfer analogy is presented for a system having two evaporating compounds with a fixed value of air flow and verified by measuring and comparing mass transfer coefficients for distilled water with air flow velocities of 0.2 - 0.9 m/s. An illustrative example of the use of the theory for industrial ventilation is presented. (author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The force required to break the conidium-conidiophore attachment in Helminthosporium maydis was measured by centrifugation and by a small jet of air. The force which removed half the...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Metal machining facilities pose interesting design problems. This article provides an overview of key environmental control considerations and ways to deal with them. Machine shops offer a variety of environmental control challenges to mechanical engineers. Among the design problems that must be considered include: whether to provide space heating only or year-round air conditioning; temperature and relative humidity requirements; air cleanliness; exhaust air requirements; the type of HVAC system to be used; industrial waste and plumbing considerations; compressed air needs; and noise control. In addition, the designer must comply with worker health and safety and environmental protection regulations set forth by the National Institute of Safety and Health (NIOSH), OSHA, and EPA, as well as with any applicable state and local requirements.

Science.gov (United States)

Of the many energy-conservation options available to the design engineer, a system-management approach is recommended as one that will effect maximum benefits to the owner. Systems management includes energy-conscious consideration of design criteria, design details, installation, testing and balancing, and operation. It requires the informed participation of the design engineer, contractor, testing and balancing (TAB) engineer, and owner/operator. Within limits, almost every component of HVAC systems offers an opportunity to conserve energy. Many of these impact energy determinants such as system static pressure, system total air flow, or the quantity of outside air. A few design considerations for energy conservation in a simple system and the impact that the TAB work has on these are illustrated. Particular attention is devoted to the energy impact of systems management, makeup air, and system static pressure.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

With the combination of source ventilation and ceiling cooling for air-conditioning of working and recreation rooms, a ventilation system is available which fulfills the highest demands regarding thermal comfort. In order to utilize the advantages of this ventilation system with regard to air quality and thermal comfort to an optimum, the influence of the radiation exchange between cooling ceiling and walls on the flow in the room is investigated experimentally. Energy transfer from the walls to the cooled ceiling may result in an insufficient temperature of the walls compared to ambient air and in an upward flow on the wall surfaces (downward flow of) driven by gravity, which influences the flow pattern in the case of source ventilation. (orig.)

Science.gov (United States)

Jan 14, 2004 ... presented to the nation at NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C., ...... Board/Air Force Scientific Advisory Board Joint Task Force on ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

For the development of a rechargeable zinc/air battery, La[sub 0.6]Ca[sub 0.4]CoO[sub 3]-catalyzed (perovskite) bifunctional oxygen electrodes and pasted zinc electrodes were prepared and tested in monopolar zinc/air cells. In addition, a bipolar Zn/air stack was tested using reticulated copper foam as substrate for the zinc deposit. The cells were cycled in moderately alkaline ZnO-saturated electrolyte with KF as an electrolyte additive. The maximum power as well as the cycle life of the cells was investigated. The differences in porosity of the zinc electrode before and after the long-term test were analyzed using mercury porosimetry. (author) 8 figs., 13 refs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

SummaryCongenital lobar emphysema (CLE) characterized by over distension and air-trapping in the affected lobe is one of the causes of infantile respiratory distress requiring...Full Text Available

Wastenet

...smart grid applications where you could place them very close to the high-voltage transmission lines , very close to transformers and so on. Photo:...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Studies were conducted in northern Bohemia to simultaneously evaluate personal exposures to air pollution in the form of respirable particles containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and biomarkers...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AIM:The study compares the efficiency, side effects and complications of autologous blood pleurodesis with talcum powder and tetracycline.MATERIALS...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

airborne separation assistance systems (ASAS) to ... operations should be limited to the outer traffic flow ...... AGARD Meeting on Machine Intelligence in Air ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report presents results of an air quality assessment program in northwestern Ontario. It includes data from communities where long term monitoring is conducted, mostly in urban areas and near industrial sources of air pollution such as mining, pulp and paper, and thermal power generation. Summaries are also presented of special studies in the Thunder Bay area. The monitoring program identifies pollution sources and assesses the results of pollution control measures. Data are included only on those contaminants routinely monitored in northwestern Ontario, including particulates, CO, NOx, ozone, SO[sub 2], total reduced sulfur, organic compunds, and heavy metals. Data from air quality and meteorological instruments are supplemented by vegetation, soil and snow sampling studies. 25 refs, 14 figs., 16 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The report presents details of the distributions of air pollution in the Berlin area and the developments of the past 20 years. Highly polluted areas are indicated in which air pollution reduction measures are particularly urgent. The report therefore intends not only to inform but also to point out the deficiencies of air pollution abatement measures, so that political consequences can be derived and measures can be taken. In all, data were recorded by 39 measuring stations in West Berlin, 16 in East Berlin, and 7 in Potsdam and Frankfurt/Oder. In most stations, sulphur dioxide and airborne dust were measured; 14 stations in West Berlin and one in East Berlin measured carbon monoxide and nitric oxides; 8 stations in West Berlin recorded ozone concentrations. (orig./KW).

Science.gov (United States)

TRACON controller, traffic flow manager, or pilot. .... separation violations to individual controller and ..... System, AGARD Meeting on Machine Intelligence ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A phenomenological model based on the multizone method is described. The model requires a relatively low amount of central processing unit (CPU) time and memory for each run and, consequently, is useful for parameter studies. The flame morphology predicted by the model is compared to that recently uncovered in experimental studies. As a demonstration of its utility, the model is used to study the effect of the oxygen content in intake air on the emission of particulate matter (PM) and NO{sub x} from a direct injection diesel engine. A parametric study reveals that while oxygen-enriched intake air is useful for reducing PM, the reduction comes with a large increase in NO{sub x} emission. The PM-NO{sub x} trade-off curve for the oxygenated intake air is worse than that for the baseline air case. (Author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The methods are described of determining natural radionuclides, viz., thorium, uranium, radium, radon, polonium, actinium, and protactinium. The analysis is also described of ores, rocks, minerals, water, air. (M.D.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

From April 1990 through January 1991, the feasibility of recycling Navy shipboard-generated plastic wastes was explored. Normally, plastic wastes are source separated aboard Navy ships and retained for shoreside disposal in accordance with new fleet requirements implementing MARPOL Annex V that prohibits the discharge of plastics at sea. Over 23,000 pounds of shipboard plastic wastes from USS Lexington (AVT 16) and ships from the Norfolk Naval Base were recycled into park benches, picnic tables and carstops that have been distributed back to the Navy bases for use. Navy shipboard plastics must undergo sorting prior to recycling because Navy plastic waste contains large quantities of composite plastic items (e.g., plastic/paper) that are not easily recyclable. Recycling food-contaminated plastics is not practical due to sanitation problems encountered during handling. However, certain items have good resale value if separated by resin type and color (e.g., sonobuoy casings, hard plastic ...