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2010-01-01
The development of drug resistance in cancer cells necessitates the identification of novel agents with improved activity towards cancer cells. In the present investigation, we compared the cytotoxicity of the chalcone flavonoide, isoliquiritigenin (ISL), with that of doxorubicin (DOX) and methotrexate (MTX) in five T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) cell lines (Jurkat, J-Jhan, J16, HUT78 and Karpas 45). To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms which determine the response of T-ALL cells towards ISL, DOX and MTX, we applied array-based matrix comparative genomic hybridisation and microarray-based mRNA expression profiling and compared the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of the cell lines with their 50% inhibition (IC50) values for these three drugs. The IC50 values for I...
Notch protection against apoptosis in T-ALL cells mediated by GIMAP5
2010-01-01
Recent studies have highlighted the role of Notch signalling in the development of T cell acute lymphoblasic leukaemia (T-ALL). Over-expression of Notch3 and gain of function mutations in the Notch1 gene have been reported. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of Notch signalling on apoptosis in human T-ALL cell lines and to identify targets of Notch signalling that may mediate this effect. Functional studies showed that inhibition of Notch signalling using gamma secretase inhibitors promoted glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in cells carrying gain of function mutations in Notch1. Moreover, ectopic expression of constitutively activated Notch provided protection against glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis, indicating that signalling via Notch may also contribute to the developme...
NOTCH1-induced T-cell leukemia in transgenic zebrafish
2007-01-01
Activating mutations in the NOTCH1 gene have been found in about 60% of patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). In order to study the molecular mechanisms by which altered Notch signaling induces leukemia, a zebrafish model of human NOTCH1-induced T-cell leukemia was generated. Seven of sixteen mosaic fish developed a T-cell lymphoproliferative disease at about 5 months. These neoplastic cells extensively invaded tissues throughout the fish and caused an aggressive and lethal leukemia when transplanted into irradiated recipient fish. However, stable transgenic fish exhibited a longer latency for leukemia onset. When the stable transgenic line was crossed with another line overexpressing the zebrafish bcl2 gene, the leukemia onset was dramatically accelerated, indicating ...
2010-01-01
Cell-death signaling through the pro-apoptotic tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptors, death receptor 4 (DR4) and DR5, has shown tumor-selective apoptotic activity. Here, we examine susceptibility of various leukemia cell lines (HL-60, U937, K562, CCRF-CEM, CEM-CM3, and THP-1) to an anti-DR4 agonistic monoclonal antibody (mAb), AY4, in comparison with TRAIL. While most of the leukemia cell lines were intrinsically resistant to AY4 or TRAIL alone, the two T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) lines, CEM-CM3 and CCRF-CEM cells, underwent synergistic caspase-dependent apoptotic cell death by combination of AY4 or TRAIL with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), either suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) or valproic acid (VPA). All of the combined...
2010-01-01
ObjectiveCytotoxic ligands are involved in tumor immunity and graft-vs.-leukemia effect after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for leukemia. To clarify the susceptibility of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) to tumor immunity, sensitivity to recombinant human soluble Fas ligand (rhsFasL) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (rhsTRAIL) was determined. Materials and MethodsSensitivity to rhsFasL and rhsTRAIL and cell surface expression of their receptors were tested in T-ALL cell lines (n = 7) and patients’ samples (n = 17) and compared with those in B-precursor ALL cell lines (n = 30). Expression of components of the death-inducing signaling complex and the TRAIL receptor genes (DR4/DR5), and the methylation status and promoter activity of the DR4...
Paediatric lymphoblastic T-cell leukaemia and lymphoma: one or two diseases?
2010-01-01
Summary There is ongoing discussion on whether paediatric acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) and paediatric lymphoblastic T-cell lymphoma (T-LBL) are two distinct entities or whether they represent two variant manifestations of one and the same disease and the distinction is arbitrary. Both show overlapping clinical, morphological and immunophenotypic features. Many clinical trials use the amount of blast infiltration of the bone marrow as the sole criterion to distinguish between T-ALL and T-LBL. The current World Health Organization classification designates both malignancies as T lymphoblastic leukaemia/lymphoma. However, subtle immunophenotypic, molecular and cytogenetic differences suggest that T-ALL and T-LBL might be biologically different in certain aspects. The current r...
... glandular cells make up the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. Abnormalities of these cells may ... your cervix or from the lining of your uterus. Any Pap smear with an AGC result needs ...
Test could predict which children with T-cell ALL are best candidates for clinical trials
2010-07-19
A genetic clue uncovered by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists enables doctors to predict, for the first time, which children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) are unlikely to benefit from standard ...
2010-07-01
Somatic activating mutations in Notch1 contribute to the pathogenesis of T cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-ALL), but how activated Notch1 signaling exerts this oncogenic effect...Full Text Available
Response of a mouse hybridoma cell line to heat shock, agitation, and sparging
A mouse hybridoma cell line is used as a model system for studying the effect of environmental stress on attachment-independent mammalian cells. The full time course of recovery for a mouse hybridoma cell line from both a ...
1975-10-01
The lymphoblast cell lines CCRF-SB possessing B cell surface markers and CCRF-HSB-2 possessing T cell surface markers, both derived from the same individual, were tested for their ability to stimulate in the mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) and their ability to generate effector cells in cell mediated lympholysis (CML). Both the T and B cell lines were capable of stimulating human peripheral blood lymphocytes, however, the T cell line required four times as many cells for an equivalent response. Generation of effector cells in CML was achieved when both the T and B cell lines were used as stimulator cells but the T cell line was capable of generating a greater degree of /sup 51/Cr release.
2006-01-01
Summary Recently, numerous reports have highlighted the restriction of the CDR3 length of T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain in T-cells infiltrating solid tumors and hematological malignancies. However, these studies ignored the restriction of CDR3 length of TCR alpha chain and few of them attempted to reveal the mechanisms of the oligo-clonal expansion of T cells in the tumors. The primary aims of this study were twofold to: (i) analyze the CDR3 length of TCR alpha and beta chain in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL); and (ii) discover the relationship between the clonality of T cells and the process of TCR rearrangement in peripheral T cells. To this end, we investigated the TCR BV and TCR AV family spectratypes of two T-ALL patients and he...
2,3-Disubstituted 8-arylamino-3H-imidazo[4,5-g]quinazolines: A novel class of antitumor agents
2009-01-01
A series of 2,3-disubstituted 8-arylamino-3H-imidazo[4,5-g]quinazolines were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity in vitro against five human cancer cell lines (human lung carcinoma cell line: A549, human leukemia cell lines: K562 and Molt-4, human prostate cancer cell line: PC-3, human breast carcinoma cell line: MDA-MB-231). Most of these compounds show potent activity against these tumor cell lines, especially against the A549 cell line. The cell cycle analysis was also studied by flow cytometry measurement on A549 cell line.
In vitro radiosensitivity of human lung cancer cell lines
1989-09-01
Twenty-one cultured lung cancer cell lines and two other cancer cells were studied. The radiation curves of the 7 squamous cell carcinoma lines were characterized by narrow shoulders and showed relatively sensitive compared with other non small cell lung cancer cell lines. Two adenocarcinoma cell lines revealed resistant, while other two adenocarcinoma cells showed radiosensitive similar to ones of the squamous cell carcinoma. Three large cell carcinoma cell lines demonstrated resistant to radiation with 2 Gy surviving fraction of 0.9 and more, 8 Gy 0.43 and more. Two of the adenosquamous cell carcinomas revealed similar radiosensitivity to the squamous cell carcinomas, while one was resistant to radiation with 2 Gy surviving fraction of 0.9 and 8 Gy 0.45. Three small cell carcinoma cell lines demonstrated high radiosensitivity however, one small cell line showed sensitivity similar to those of squamous cell carcinoma cells. The results in this study were highly correlated with clinical responsiveness. In vitro tests of lung cancer cell radiosensitivity provide a possible application to clinical strategies. (author).
Establishment of a human hepatoma multidrug resistant cell line in vitro
2010-05-14
AIM: To establish a multidrug-resistant hepatoma cell line (SK-Hep-1), and to investigate its biological characteristics.METHODS: A highly invasive SK-Hep-1 cell line of human hepatocellular...Full Text Available
Antineoplastic Effects of Gamma Linolenic Acid on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines
2010-07-01
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and the mechanism of gamma linolenic acid (GLA) treatment on human hepatocellular (HCC) cell lines. The human HCC cell line HuH7 was exposed to GLA....Full Text Available
Expression and rearrangement of the ROS1 gene in human glioblastoma cells
1987-12-01
The human ROS1 gene, which possibly encodes a growth factor receptor, was found to be expressed in human tumor cell lines. In a survey of 45 different human cell lines, the authors found ROS1 to be expressed in glioblastoma-derived cell lines at high levels and not to be expressed at all, or expressed at very low levels, in the remaining cell lines. The ROS1 gene was present in normal copy numbers in all cell lines that expressed the gene. However, in one particular glioblastoma line, they detected a potentially activating mutation at the ROS1 locus.
A comparison of heat and radiation sensitivity of three human glioma cell lines
Three human glioma cell lines were tested for radiation and hyperthermia sensitivity and compared to the responses of a normal human fibroblast cell line. The radiation response of the glioma cell lines exhibited a large shoulder on the radiation survival curve indicating radioresistance when compared to the more radiosensitive fibroblast cell line. The hyperthermia response for the glioma cell lines was qualitatively similar to responses reported for other cell lines. When compared to normal human fibroblasts the glioma cells were found to be more sensitive to hyperthermia than the normal fibroblasts indicating hyperthermia may be a promising method or adjunct to radiotherapy in the treatment of resistant glioma cells or tumors. The results also show that both the radiation and thermal response is influenced by cell culture conditions and growth status. Two of the cell lines grown to confluency and treated in confluency showed an increased radiation resistance at low doses and the cell lines showed decreased resistance at high doses compared to cells plated to confluency. An increased thermal resistance, especially at the lower heating temperatures, was also observed for cells grown to confluency. Measurements of residual glucose in the culture medium at the time of irradiation was about the same for the two culture methods (55%-65%). Cell cycle analysis showed that the differences were not related to changes in cell cycle distribution.
A comparison of heat and radiation sensitivity of three human glioma cell lines
1989-09-01
Three human glioma cell lines were tested for radiation and hyperthermia sensitivity and compared to the responses of a normal human fibroblast cell line. The radiation response of the glioma cell lines exhibited a large shoulder on the radiation survival curve indicating radioresistance when compared to the more radiosensitive fibroblast cell line. The hyperthermia response for the glioma cell lines was qualitatively similar to responses reported for other cell lines. When compared to normal human fibroblasts the glioma cells were found to be more sensitive to hyperthermia than the normal fibroblasts indicating hyperthermia may be a promising method or adjunct to radiotherapy in the treatment of resistant glioma cells or tumors. The results also show that both the radiation and thermal response is influenced by cell culture conditions and growth status. Two of the cell lines grown to confluency and treated in confluency showed an increased radiation resistance at low doses and the cell lines showed decreased resistance at high doses compared to cells plated to confluency. An increased thermal resistance, especially at the lower heating temperatures, was also observed for cells grown to confluency. Measurements of residual glucose in the culture medium at the time of irradiation was about the same for the two culture methods (55%-65%). Cell cycle analysis showed that the differences were not related to changes in cell cycle distribution.
How cancer cells lose their (Circadian) rhythm
2010-05-10
Unlike the current assumption that cancer cells divide uncontrollably because their Circadian clocks are broken, the new study finds that cell division is uncontrolled in an immortal cell line with functioning ...
Verification and Unmasking of Widely Used Human Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines
2010-01-01
For decades, hundreds of different human tumor type-specific cell lines have been used in experimental cancer research as models for their respective tumors. The veracity of experimental results for a specific tumor type relies on the correct derivation of the cell line. In a worldwide effort, we verified the authenticity of all available esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) cell lines. We proved that the frequently used cell lines SEG-1 and BIC-1 and the SK-GT-5 cell line are in fact cell lines from other tumor types. Experimental results based on these contaminated cell lines have led to ongoing clinical trials recruiting EAC patients, to more than 100 scientific publications, and to at least three National Institutes of Health cancer research grants and 11 US patents, which emphasizes the im...
Researchers Engineer Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells to Form Sperm Cell Precursors
... stem cells to form globular cell clusters called embryoid bodies. In these embryoid bodies, cells ... cells, they were able to sustain continuous cell lines in a laboratory. The researchers also found ...
T-cell lines which cooperate in generation of specific cytolytic activity
1979-03-08
Modifications of techniques for the long-term culture of immune T cells to isolate several cloned lines of mixed leukocyte culture (MLC)-reactive T cells are described. A non-cytolytic T-cell line when cultured with alloantigen permits another cell line to proliferate and express specific cytolytic activity.
Radiation sensitivity of Merkell cell carcinoma cell lines
1995-01-01
Purpose: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), being a small cell carcinoma, would be expected to be sensitive to radiation. Clinical analysis of patients at our center, especially those with macroscopic disease, would suggest the response is quite variable. We have recently established a number of MCC cell lines from patients prior to radiotherapy, and for the first time are in a position to determine their sensitivity under controlled conditions. Methods and Materials: Some of the MCC lines grew as suspension cultures and could not be single cell cloned. Therefore, it was not possible to use clonogenic survival for all cell lines. A tetrazolium based (MTT) assay was used for these lines, to estimate cell growth after gamma irradiation. Control experiments were conducted on lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCL) and the adherent MCC line, MCC13, to demonstrate that the two ...
Characterization of cloned cells from an immortalized fetal pulmonary type II cell line
1995-12-01
A cultured cell line that maintained expression of pulmonary type II cell markers of differentiation would be advantageous to generate a large number of homogenous cells in which to study the biochemical functions of type II cells. Type II epithelial cells are the source of pulmonary surfactant and a cell of origin for pulmonary adenomas. Last year our laboratory reported the induction of expression of two phenotypic markers of pulmonary type II cells (alkaline phosphatase activity and surfactant lipid synthesis) in cultured fetal rat lung epithelial (FRLE) cells, a spontaneously immortalized cell line of fetal rat lung type II cell origin. Subsequently, the induction of the ability to synthesize surfactant lipid became difficult to repeat. We hypothesized that the cell line was heterogenuous and some cells were more like type II cells than others. The purpose of this study was to test this hypothesis and to obtain a cultured cell line with type II cell phenotypic markers by cloning several FRLE cells and characterizing them for phenotypic markers of type II cells (alkaline phosphatase activity and presence of surfactant lipids). Thirty cloned cell lines were analyzed for induced alkaline phosphatase activity (on x-axis) and for percent of phospholipids that were disaturated (i.e., surfactant).
2010-01-01
Abstract: Abnormal proliferation is an important pathological feature of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Many drugs inhibiting cell proliferation have been proved to be effective in slowing the disease progression in ADPKD. Recent evidence has suggested that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g (PPARg) ligands have anti-neoplasm effects through inhibiting cell growth and inducing cell apoptosis in various cancer cells. In the present study, we examined the expression of PPARg in human ADPKD kidney tissues and cyst-lining epithelial cell line, and found that the expression of PPARg was greater in ADPKD kidney tissues and cyst-lining epithelial cell line than in normal kidney tissues and human kidney cortex (HKC) cell line. Rosiglitazone inhibited significantly ...
2008-01-01
Objective: To establish the immortalized cell lines of peripheral blood lymphocytes for old male residents in high background radiation area (HBRA) in Guangdong, China, in order to preserve the specific genomic resources of residents in HBRA for the further genetic and molecular biological study on HBRA. Methods: The peripheral blood samples of 20 old male residents in HBRA were collected after informed consent. The immortalized B lymphoblastoid cell lines, 2 fox each resident, were established with Epstein-Barr virus. After being frozen and recovered, the cell viability, the contamination of bacterium and mycoplasma were analyzed. The stabilization of cell lines was decided by comparing the karyotypes of the peripheral blood lymphocytes and the cell lines. Results: 40 cell lines for 20 residents in HBRA were successfully established.. The recovery rate of cell lines ...
In vitro x-ray survival curves were obtained from plateau-phase cultures of a human melanoma cell line and a human breast cancer cell line. After immediate subculture no radioresistance was seen in either cell line. After a 24-hour delay in subculture the melanoma cell line developed significant radioresistance but the breast cancer cell line did not. We concluded that the radioincurability of some melanomas may be due to radioresistance that occurs as a result of potentially lethal damage repair.
1982-11-01
In vitro x-ray survival curves were obtained from plateau-phase cultures of a human melanoma cell line and a human breast cancer cell line. After immediate subculture no radioresistance was seen in either cell line. After a 24-hour delay in subculture the melanoma cell line developed significant radioresistance but the breast cancer cell line did not. We concluded that the radioincurability of some melanomas may be due to radioresistance that occurs as a result of potentially lethal damage repair.
1998-02-01
We investigated the differences between two rat yolk sac tumor cell lines with different radiosensitivities in paclitaxel sensitivity and in the sensitizing effects of paclitaxel in combination with radiation. Clonogenic assay demonstrated almost the same paclitaxel sensitivity in both cell lines. Many apoptotic cells and DNA ladder formations were observed at 24 h after exposure to paclitaxel in both cell lines. Paclitaxel showed a supra-additive effect in combination with radiation and paclitaxel treatment in both cell lines. (author)
Cell line misidentification: the beginning of the end
2010-01-01
Cell lines are used extensively in research and drug development as models of normal and cancer tissues. However, a substantial proportion of cell lines is mislabelled or replaced by cells derived from a different individual, tissue or species. The scientific community has failed to tackle this problem and consequently thousands of misleading and potentially erroneous papers have been published using cell lines that are incorrectly identified. Recent efforts to develop a standard for the authentication of human cell lines using short tandem repeat profiling is an important step to eradicate this problem.
1993-11-01
The expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) by glioma cell lines was investigated. The effects of interferon (IFN)-[gamma] or irradiation on the expression was also assessed. Two glioma cell lines showed more than 75% NCAM-positive cells. After treatment with IFN-[gamma] or irradiation, another three cell lines were induced to show more than 50% positive cells. Three glioma cell lines showed more than 50% ICAM-1-positive cells. After treatment with IFN-[gamma], another two cell lines were induced to show more than 50% positive cells. After treatment with irradiation, one more cell line was induced to show more than 50% positive cells. ICAM-1 and NCAM expression by glioma cell lines is susceptible to modulation by IFN-[gamma] or irradiation. (author).
1988-12-06
This patent describes a programmable logic cell comprising: a plurality of logical AND gates, each gate having input terminals and an output line; cell input lines, selectively connectable to the input terminals of selected AND gates; a single logic OR gate having input terminals connected to selected AND gate output lines, and having an output line; a logical XOR gate having a first input terminal connected to the OR gate output line, having a second input terminal connected to an AND gate output line, and having an XOR output line on which the XOR gate provides a state signal; memory means to store the XOR output state signal; a cell output line coupled to the OR gate output line for providing a cell output signal; and feedback means selectively connectable to apply the state signal to selected AND gate input terminals.
Rubber lining for electrolysis of chlorine in mercury cells
1998-12-31
Protection of equipment used in Electrolysis of Chlorine and Caustic in Mercury cells is a very severe field for corrosion resistant linings. Different linings, both Soft and Hard Rubber, have been used with success for many years. This experience, together with the latest developments of the field, is covered in the paper.
Comparison of direct and bystander effects induced by ionizing radiation in eight fish cell lines.
PURPOSE: To determine bystander and direct effects of ionizing radiation on eight fish cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fish cell lines were irradiated at a range of doses from 0.5 - 5 Gy. The Irradiated Cell Conditioned Medium (ICCM) was then harvested and placed onto a HPV-G, reporter cell line as well as onto autologous fish cell lines. Cloning efficiency (CE) was the end point used. The HPV-G reporter cell line was chosen because this cell line is capable of transmitting and producing the bystander effect. RESULTS: Four of the eight fish cell lines were clonogenic. These, with the exception of RTG-2 cells, showed increased CE when ICCM was tested on unirradiated autologous cells or on HPV-G cells. ICCM from RTG-2 cells reduced survival. The non-clonogenic cells ICCM tested on HPV-G all showed increased CE. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that both bystander signal production and cellular response varies depending on the cell line and that in general signals from established fish cells do not produce death inducing bystander effects. Thus, the comparison of the effect from fish cell ICCM on autologous cells or HPV-G human cells allowed us to separate signal production from response. In almost all cases, for both non-clonogenic and clonogenic fish cell lines, the HPV-G recipient cell line showed an increase in percent survival compared to controls while the clonogenic fish cell lines do not appear to respond.
2005-01-01
Objective: To investigate the changes in radiosensitivity, telomerase activity, telomere length in a radiation-induced radioresistant cell line of human squamous carcinoma and its parent cell line. Methods: A radioresistant cell line, Hep-2R, was isolated from a radiosensitive human laryngeal squamous carcinoma cell line Hep-2 by repeated gamma-irradiation. The radiobiological characteristics, in the presence or absence of telomerase inhibitor AZT, of both cell lines were analyzed by means of clonogenic assay. Radiosensitivity coefficients were calculated. The telomerase activity was examined by the PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) and the telomere length (mean length for telomere restriction fragments, TRF) by Southern blotting. Results: A radioresistant cell line, Hep-2R, was obtained after prolonged exposure to ...
2008-01-01
Biological effects of low-dose radiation (LDR) are distinguishable from those of high-dose radiation. Hormetic and adaptive responses are such two examples. However, whether adaptive response could be induced in tumor cells by LDR, especially under in vivo condition, remains elusive, and was systemically investigated in the present study. Four tumor cell lines: two human leukemia cell lines (erythroleukemia cell line K562, and acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60), and two human solid tumor cell lines (lung carcinoma cell line NCI-H446 and glioma cell line U251), along with one normal cell line (human fibroblast cells, MRC-5), were irradiated with LDR at 75 mGy of X-rays as D1 and then 4 Gy of X-rays as D2 (i.e.: D1+D2) or only 4 Gy of X-rays (D2 alone). Three tumor-bearing animal models were also used to further define whether LDR induces adaptive response in tumor cells ...
Comparison of direct and bystander effects induced by ionizing radiation in eight fish cell lines
2007-01-01
Purpose: To determine bystander and direct effects of ionizing radiation on eight fish cell lines. Materials and methods: Fish cell lines were irradiated at a range of doses from 0.5 - 5 Gy. The Irradiated Cell Conditioned Medium (ICCM) was then harvested and placed onto a HPV-G, reporter cell line as well as onto autologous fish cell lines. Cloning efficiency (CE) was the end point used. The HPV-G reporter cell line was chosen because this cell line is capable of transmitting and producing the bystander effect. Results: Four of the eight fish cell lines were clonogenic. These, with the exception of RTG-2 cells, showed increased CE when ICCM was tested on unirradiated autologous cells or on HPV-G cells. ICCM from RTG-2 cells reduced survival. The non-clo...
Response of BP cell lines to {gamma}-radiation: evaluation of DNA repair and apoptosis
1997-03-01
In the BP cell lines, mutation of p53 gene is associated with an increased radiosensitivity. In order to understand the relation between p53 and radiosensitivity, we looked at DNA repair and cell death. Unexpectedly, after radiation the mutated p53 cell line BPp- Tu and the wild type p53 cell line BPp- Tu cells, both ell lines died by the same non necrotic process: a programmed cell death independent of their p53 status. The cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) by an ICE-related protease is considered an early and critical event during apoptosis. The fate of PARP was monitored by Western extensively in the apoptotic BPp- Tu cells than in the BPp cells. This faster PARP cleavage might be linked to the increased radiosensitivity of the BPp- Tu cells. (authors)
Response of BP cell lines to gamma-radiation: evaluation of DNA repair and apoptosis
1997-01-01
In the BP cell lines, mutation of p53 gene is associated with an increased radiosensitivity. In order to understand the relation between p53 and radiosensitivity, we looked at DNA repair and cell death. Unexpectedly, after radiation the mutated p53 cell line BPp- Tu and the wild type p53 cell line BPp- Tu cells, both ell lines died by the same non necrotic process: a programmed cell death independent of their p53 status. The cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) by an ICE-related protease is considered an early and critical event during apoptosis. The fate of PARP was monitored by Western extensively in the apoptotic BPp- Tu cells than in the BPp cells. This faster PARP cleavage might be linked to the increased radiosensitivity of the BPp- Tu cells. (authors)
2010-01-01
A proteomic approach was used to investigate the dynamic cellular host cell response induced by influenza virus infection in two different vaccine production cell lines, MDCK and Vero. For identification of proteins possibly involved in global host cell response mechanisms and virus-host cell interactions in these producer cell lines, quantitative 2-D DIGE and nanoHPLC-nanoESI-MS/MS analysis were performed. In particular, host cell proteome alterations caused by infection with influenza virus variants showing differences in replication characteristics in MDCK cells were compared. Moreover, the host cell response to virus infection in Vero cells with respect to their deficiency in interferon (IFN) production and the need for virus adaptation to optimize productivity of this cell line were a...
Induction of expression of two phenotypic markers of pulmonary type II cells in a cultured cell line
1994-11-01
The functions of pulmonary type II cells, such as synthesis of pulmonary surfactant and metabolism of inhaled xenobiotics, can be studied in primary isolates of lung cells. However, isolated type II cells, when cultured, quickly lose the phenotypic expressions characteristics of type II cells, including surfactant lipid and protein synthesis and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity. A cultured cell line that maintained expression of type II cell markers of differentiation would be advantageous for the study of such functions as surfactant synthesis and secretion. Such a cell line would allow generation of a large number of homogeneous cells for study. The purpose of the current study was to induce markers of differentiated type II cells in a cultured cell line to facilitate studies of factors that control surfactant synthesis and secretion.
Continuous human cell lines and method of making same
Substantially genetically stable continuous human cell lines derived from normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) and processes for making and using the same. In a preferred embodiment, the cell lines are derived by treating normal human mammary epithelial tissue with a chemical carcinogen such as benzo[a]pyrene. The novel cell lines serve as useful substrates for elucidating the potential effects of a number of toxins, carcinogens and mutagens as well as of the addition of exogenous genetic material. The autogenic parent cells from which the cell lines are derived serve as convenient control samples for testing. The cell lines are not neoplastically transformed, although they have acquired several properties which distinguish them from their normal progenitors.
Continuous human cell lines and method of making same
Substantially genetically stable continuous human cell lines derived from normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) and processes for making and using the same. In a preferred embodiment, the cell lines are derived by treating normal human mammary epithelial tissue with a chemical carcinogen such as benzo[a]pyrene. The novel cell lines serve as useful substrates for elucidating the potential effects of a number of toxins, carcinogens and mutagens as well as of the addition of exogenous genetic material. The autogenic parent cells from which the cell lines are derived serve as convenient control samples for testing. The cell lines are not neoplastically transformed, although they have acquired several properties which distinguish them from their normal progenitors.
Protein Plays Different Roles in Growth of Normal and Cancerous Mouse Cell Lines
Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), have found that inhibition of the same protein produces different effects in mouse cell lines depending on whether those cell lines express normal or cancerous forms of Kit, a cell surface receptor critical for the development of some kinds of blood cells.
1993-01-01
A study of the uptake and radiosensitizing properties of pimonidazole (PIMO) and etanidazole (ETA) was made in vitro with two melanoma cell lines. The uptake of PIMO was exceptionally high in plateau-phase cells of the pigmented Na11 + cell line. The radiosensitizing effect of ETA did not differ greatly as a function of the cell kinetics in either cell line, whereas the radiosensitizing effect of PIMO was cell line-dependent. Sensitization of exponential cells by PIMO was similar in both cell lines but significantly less in plateau-phase cells, with the heavily pigmented Na11 + cell line being least affected, despite a three-fold increase in PIMO uptake observed in plateau cells relative to exponentially growing Na11 + cells. Uptake of PIMO may be related to the high melanin content of plateau-phase Na11 + cells and therefore this in vitro model may be useful for predicting effects of agents such as PIMO towards melanotic melanomas in vivo. (author).
2010-05-01
The present study attempted to examine whether clonal cell lines of the oral epithelium can differentiate into ameloblasts and regenerate tooth when combined with dental germ mesenchyme. Clonal cell...Full Text Available
MOLECULAR AND CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF LUNG TUMOR CELL LINES
We have measured the levels of amplification of oncogenes and tumor marker genes or other genes of interest in nine human lung tumor cell lines in comparison to normal human bronchial epithelial cells or normal blood lymphocytes to test the hypothesis that aberrant amplification ...
2007-01-01
To study mechanisms governing fetoplacental vascular function, we have established a primary ovine fetoplacental artery endothelial (OFPAE) cell line. These OFPAE cells produce nitric oxide...Full Text Available
ANALYSIS OF A MARINE FISH CELL LINE FROM A MALE SHEEPSHEAD
Chromosomes from consecutive culture passages of a developing cell line from fin fibroblasts of a male sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus) were analyzed. It was demonstrated that the modal chromosome number is 48. The chromosome types found in these cells included 8 submetac...
A new cell line (8701-BC) from primary ductal infiltrating carcinoma of human breast.
1989-08-01
A cell line, designated 8701-BC, was established in culture from tissue fragments of primary ductal infiltrating carcinoma of human breast. The cell cultures after the sixth passage were devoid of contaminating...Full Text Available
2 lines account for most human embryonic stem cell research, Stanford scholar finds
2009-08-07
For the past eight years, scientists who wanted to use federal funds for research on human embryonic stem cells had to restrict their studies to 21 cell lines approved by the National Institutes of Health. But an ...
Cell surface proteins and glycoproteins from biologically different human colon carcinoma cell lines
1983-10-01
Six cultured human colon cancer cell lines possessing different biological characteristics were enzymatically radiolabeled in situ with 125I and 3H, and the labeled cell surface proteins and glycoproteins were compared. The electrophoretic patterns of labeled cell surface material suggest correlations between biological properties and cell surface proteins. Highly aggressive cell lines (as assessed by in vitro parameters) had predominant peaks of 125I-labeled proteins between molecular weights 66,000 and 92,500. The major peak of radioiodinated material from the more indolent cell lines occurred between molecular weights 31,000 and 45,000. The profile of one 125I-labeled intermediately aggressive cell line was similar to the profiles of the more aggressive lines, whereas another intermediate line exhibited a profile different from those of both indolent and aggressive lines. Electrophoresis of tritiated material indicated that essentially all of the recovered labeled glycoprotein was of relatively high molecular weight (92,000-180,000) in the indolent lines, whereas the intermediate and highly aggressive lines had patterns with significant peaks between molecular weights 45,000 and 92,500.
Development of a monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen
A monoclonal antibody-producing hybrid cell line was obtained by fusing mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from a mouse immunized with C6 glioma cells. This antibody binds to a specific cell-surface antigen that is present on C6 rat glioma cells, tranformed astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and a human glioma cell line but is absent on a normal glial cell line, fibroblasts, and primary cultures of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The antigen also appears on tumor tissue of transformed oligodendrocytes but not on normal brain tissue.
Development of a monoclonal antibody against a tumor-associated antigen
1982-02-26
A monoclonal antibody-producing hybrid cell line was obtained by fusing mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells from a mouse immunized with C6 glioma cells. This antibody binds to a specific cell-surface antigen that is present on C6 rat glioma cells, tranformed astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and a human glioma cell line but is absent on a normal glial cell line, fibroblasts, and primary cultures of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The antigen also appears on tumor tissue of transformed oligodendrocytes but not on normal brain tissue.
Splenic cell line from sea bass, Lates calcarifer: Establishment and characterization
2006-01-01
The development and characterization of a new tropical marine fish cell line (SISS), derived from the spleen of sea bass, Lates calcarifer is described. The cell line was maintained in Leibovitz's L-15 supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum. This cell line has been sub-cultured more than 70 times over a period of one and half years. The cells were able to grow at temperature between 25 and 32C with optimum temperature of 28C. The growth rate of sea bass spleen cells increased as the FBS proportion increased from 2 to 20% at 28C with optimum growth at the concentrations of 15 or 20% FBS. The SISS cell line consists of predominantly of fibroblastic and epithelial-like cells. Polymerase chain reaction products were obtained from SISS cells and tissues of sea bass with primer set...
Radiation-induced adaptive response in fish cell lines
2008-01-01
There is considerable interest at present in low-dose radiation effects in non-human species. In this study gamma radiation-induced adaptive response, a low-dose radiation effect, was examined in three fish cell lines, (CHSE-214 (Chinook salmon), RTG-2 (rainbow trout) and ZEB-2J (zebrafish)). Cell survival after exposure to direct radiation with or without a 0.1 Gy priming dose, was determined using the colony forming assay for each cell line. Additionally, the occurrence of a bystander effect was examined by measuring the effect of irradiated cell culture medium from the fish cell lines on unexposed reporter cells. A non-linear dose response was observed for all cell lines. ZEB-2J cells were very sensitive to low doses and a hyper-radiosensitive (HRS) response was observed for doses
1992-12-31
Specificity of binding to cell surface and nuclear accumulation of labelled epidermal growth factor (EGF) was investigated in lung carcinoma (A549), epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2) and melanoma (B16) cell lines. It was demonstrated that the labelled EGF was bound specifically to the cell surface in line A549, HEp-2 and B16 cells; the latter exhibiting the lowest binding capacity and highest binding affinity. Comparison of nuclear accumulation of the labelled growth factor in these cell lines indicated, that melanoma cell line specifically accumulated the {sup 125}I-EGF in nuclei whereas A549 and HEp-2 did not. Thus, in order to evaluate the effect of EGF in various cells, a strict control of binding affinity and background binding is required. (author). 19 refs, 3 figs, 1 tab.
1992-01-01
Specificity of binding to cell surface and nuclear accumulation of labelled epidermal growth factor (EGF) was investigated in lung carcinoma (A549), epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2) and melanoma (B16) cell lines. It was demonstrated that the labelled EGF was bound specifically to the cell surface in line A549, HEp-2 and B16 cells. The latter exhibiting the lowest binding capacity and highest binding affinity. Comparison of nuclear accumulation of the labelled growth factor in these cell lines indicated, that melanoma cell line specifically accumulated the 125I-EGF in nuclei whereas A549 and HEp-2 did not. Thus, in order to evaluate the effect of EGF in various cells, a strict control of binding affinity and background binding is required. (author). 19 refs, 3 figs, 1 tab
2005-01-01
Summary. The telomere repeat lengths of BL cell lines were quantified by measuring terminal restriction fragment (TRF). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive Namalwa, Raji, and EB-3 cell lines have long telomeres, i.e. TRFs 1019kbp, whereas the Daudi cell line, producing a transformation-defective EBV mutant, has TRFs 2.2kbp. EBV-negative BJAB and DG75 cell lines have short TRFs 3.95.4kbp, shorter than the 12kbp TRFs in PBLs. Telomerase activities of these BL cell lines are similar. TRFs of non-BL lymphoma cell lines are 2.35.5kbp. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) studies of these cell lines showed remarkable heterogeneity of telomere size in chromosomes in the same BL cell. These results suggest that EBV-positive and EBV-negative BL cell lines have experi...
The telomere repeat lengths of BL cell lines were quantified by measuring terminal restriction fragment (TRF). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive Namalwa, Raji, and EB-3 cell lines have long telomeres, i.e. TRFs 10-19 kbp, whereas the Daudi cell line, producing a transformation-defective EBV mutant, has TRFs approximately 2.2 kbp. EBV-negative BJAB and DG75 cell lines have short TRFs 3.9-5.4 kbp, shorter than the approximately 12 kbp TRFs in PBLs. Telomerase activities of these BL cell lines are similar. TRFs of non-BL lymphoma cell lines are 2.3-5.5 kbp. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) studies of these cell lines showed remarkable heterogeneity of telomere size in chromosomes in the same BL cell. These results suggest that EBV-positive and EBV-negative BL cell lines have experienced various telomere dynamics.
Comparison of mammalian and fish cell line cytotoxicity: impact of endpoint and exposure duration
2005-02-10
Comparisons of acute toxic concentrations of chemicals to fish in vivo and cytotoxic concentrations to fish cell lines in vitro reveal rather good correlations of the toxic potencies in vitro and in vivo, but a clearly lower sensitivity of the fish cells. To examine whether the low sensitivity is specific for fish cells, cytotoxic potencies of reference chemicals from the Multicenter Evaluation of In Vitro Cytotoxicity program (MEIC) reported for the fish cell lines R1 and RTG-2 were compared with those obtained with the mouse Balb/c 3T3 cell line. Cytotoxic potencies (EC{sub 50} values) for MEIC reference chemicals were determined with exponentially growing Balb/c 3T3 cells using three different test protocols. To assess both endpoints, cell proliferation and cell survival, EC{sub 50} values were measured for the decrease in final cell protein after 24 and 72 h of exposure and for the reduction of cell protein increase during 24 h of exposure. EC{sub 50} values obtained with the fish cell lines R1 and RTG-2 using cell survival as endpoint were taken from the MEIC data base. The comparison of cytotoxic potencies shows that, in general, the fish cell lines and the mammalian cell line are almost equally sensitive towards the cytotoxic action of chemicals. The mammalian cell line assay, however, becomes considerably more sensitive, by factors of 3.4-8.5, than the fish cell line assays, if cell growth instead of cell survival is used as endpoint. It is concluded, that cell proliferation might be a better endpoint than cell survival and that mammalian cell lines might be suited to assess fish acute toxicity.
Identification and verification of rodent cell lines by polymerase chain reaction
2008-01-01
Cell lines represent valuable tools for basic research and diagnostic applications as well as for the production of biological products such as antibodies or vaccines. For all cell culturists, a well-identified origin of their cell lines as well as the periodic re-examination of their identity should be a basic requirement. We established a simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to verify or identify rodent and human cell lines. Since mouse-, rat-, Chinese hamster- and Syrian hamster-derived cell lines represent the most frequently used rodent cell lines, our investigations were focused on these species. Our assay used oligonucleotide primers annealing to sequences within the -actin and the -globin gene and to repetitive DNA. Primers were designed mostly from intron sequences of the ge...
1980-05-01
Human monoclonal anti-I und anti-i antibodies, reactive with known carbohydrate sequences, have been used as reagents to quantitate (by radioimmunoassay) and visualize (by immunofluorscence) the expression of the various blood group I and i antigenic determinants in a variety of cultured cell lines commonly used in laboratory investigations. It has been shown that the antigens they recognize are widely distributed on the surface of human and animal cell lines, expressed in varying amounts in different cell lines and on individual cells within a given cell line. In two cell lines, a transformation-associated increase in the expression of I antigen was observed. Because of their precise specificity for defined carbohydrate chain domains, these autoantibodies have become valuable reagents in biological chemistry.
Analysis of gene amplification in human tumor cell lines
1988-09-01
Oncogene amplification has been observed in various primary tumors and tumor-derived cell lines. In several types of cancer, amplification of specific oncogenes is correlated with the stage of tumor progression. To estimate the frequency of gene amplification in other tumor types and to determine whether the ability to grow in vivo is associated with gene amplification in tumor cell lines, we have developed a modified version of the in-gel renaturation assay that detects human DNA sequences of unknown nature amplified as little as 7- to 8-fold. This assay was used to screen 16 cell lines derived from various solid tumors and leukemias. Amplified DNA sequences were detected in only one cell line, Calu-3 lung adenocarcinoma. This cell line was found to contain coamplified NGL (formerly termed neu) and ERBA1 oncogenes. However, when one of the amplification-negative cell lines, PC-3 prostatic carcinoma, was selected for in vivo growth in nude mice, amplified DNA sequences became detectable in these cells. The amplified sequences included the MYC oncogene, which showed no amplification in the parental cell line but was amplified 10- to 12-fold in the in vivo-selected cells. MYC amplification may, therefore, provide tumor cells with a selective advantage specific for in vivo growth.
We report on a 6-year-old girl with linear streaks of apparent hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation following the Blaschko lines, growth retardation, bupthalmos of the left eye, and mild mental retardation. She had a 45,X karyotype in lymphocytes. In cultured fibroblasts a double aneuploidy mosaicism was detected, consisting of a cell line with trisomy for chromosome 7 and a cell line with monosomy for the X-chromosome and no cell line with a normal karyotype. Cutis tricolor or three levels of pigmentation in different skin areas suggested presence of a third, probably normal cell line. Double aneuploidy mosaicism of a cell line with monosomy X and a cell line with trisomy of an autosome is a rare finding. The combination of monosomy X with trisomy of chromosomes 8, 10, 13, 18, and 21 has been reported, but not the combination with trisomy 7. In the 45,X cell line, microsatellite analysis showed loss of the maternal X-chromosome, and presence of a maternal and paternal chromosome 7. The 47,XX,+7 cell line showed a paternal and a maternal X-chromosome, and a paternal and two identical maternal chromosomes 7. Mechanisms that might explain this double aneuploidy mosaicism are discussed.
In vitro radiosensitivity of human leukemia cell lines
The in vitro radiobiologic survival values (anti n, D/sub 0/) of four tumor lines derived from human hematopoietic tumors were studied. These cell lines were HL60 promyelocytic leukemia; K562 erythroleukemia; 45 acute lymphocytic leukemia; and 176 acute monomyelogenous leukemia. More cell lines must be examined before the exact relationship between in vitro radiosensitivity and clinical radiocurability is firmly established.
In vitro radiosensitivity of human leukemia cell lines
1981-05-01
The in vitro radiobiologic survival values (anti n, D/sub 0/) of four tumor lines derived from human hematopoietic tumors were studied. These cell lines were HL60 promyelocytic leukemia; K562 erythroleukemia; 45 acute lymphocytic leukemia; and 176 acute monomyelogenous leukemia. More cell lines must be examined before the exact relationship between in vitro radiosensitivity and clinical radiocurability is firmly established.
A proteomics approach to identifying fish cell lines.
Fish cell lines are relatively easy to culture and most have simple growth requirements that make cross contamination a potential problem. Cell line contamination is not an uncommon incident in laboratories handling more than one cell line and many reports have been made on cross contamination of mammalian cell lines. Although problems of misidentification and cross-contamination of fish cell lines have rarely been reported, these are issues of concern for cell culturists that can make scientific results and their reproducibility unreliable. Proper identification of cell lines is thus crucial and protocols for routine and rapid screening are preferred. Cytogenetic evaluation, DNA fingerprinting, microsatellite analysis and PCR methods have been published for inter-species identification of many cell lines, but discerning intra-species contamination has been challenging. More complex DNA fingerprinting and hybridization techniques coupled with isoenzyme analysis have been developed to discriminate intra-species contamination, however, these require complex and time consuming procedures to enable cell identification thus are difficult to apply for routine use. A simple proteomic approach has been made to identify several fish cell lines derived from tissues of the same or differing species. Protein expression signatures (PES) of the evaluated fish cell lines have been developed using 2-DE and image analysis. A higher degree of concordance was seen among cell lines derived from rainbow trout, than from other fish species. Similar concordance was seen in cells derived from the same tissues than from other tissues within the same species. These profiles have been saved in an electronic databank and could be made available to be used for discerning the origins of the various cell lines evaluated. This proteomic approach could thus serve as an additional, valuable and reliable technique for the identification of fish cell lines.
1985-03-01
In vitro culture of a human breast cancer biopsy fragment gave rise to two permanent cell lines, CAL 18 A and CAL 18 B, which were differentiated by both morphological and ultrastructural analysis. The karyotypic and growth properties of these two cell lines also differed, providing further evidence of cell heterogeneity within a given tumor. Both cell lines lost their hormone receptors in vitro. CAL 18 A cells grew in agar and were tumorigenic after inoculation into nude mice; neither of these properties was observed in CAL 18 B cells. The chemosensitivity of 12 antineoplastic drugs was assessed by a short-term assay, using inhibition of tritiated thymidine incorporation by the cells after contact with the drugs as the end point. Only a few drugs were active at moderate concentrations. The overall responses of both cell lines were similar. The cell survival curves, established by the colony method following a single dose of radiation, were also very similar, despite the greater heterogeneity of CAL 18 B cells. The two cell lines appear to be interrelated, since CAL 18 B cells were occasionally observed to emerge from CAL 18 A clones, suggesting that malignant cell redifferentiation may occur spontaneously in vitro.
2010-01-01
Triptolide (TPL), a bioactive component of the Chinese medicinal herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, induces apoptosis in some lines of human tumor cells. However, the effect of TPL on gynecologic cancer cells has not yet been well-described. We investigated the effects of TPL on cell growth, cell cycle, and apoptosis in endometrial and ovarian cancer cell lines. Furthermore, we examined global changes in gene expression after treatment with TPL. By using a list of 20 differentially expressed genes, Western blot analyses were performed on five endometrial and ovarian cancer cell lines. All cell lines were sensitive to the growth-inhibitory effect of TPL. TPL increased the proportion of cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle and induced apoptosis. cDNA microarray assay demonstrated that the...
1994-01-01
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a potential assay for determining cellular radiosensitivity based on the detection of chromosome damage. This approach was chosen because of its relative simplicity and short assay time. Two radiosensitive and two radioresistant human tumour cell lines were used. The radiosensitive lines were an ovarian carcinoma line (A1847) and a squamous carcinoma line (SCC61). The radioresistant cells were a lung adenocarcinoma line (A549) and second squamous line (SQ20B). Whole chromosome-specific probes were used to detect radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in mitotic cells. Available probes were first screened to characterize the intrinsic chromosome aberrations before irradiation and the appropriate probes (minimum fluorescent spots) were selected for each cell line. Maximum radiation-induced aberrations were ...
Characterization of side population cells in human malignant mesothelioma cell lines
2010-01-01
Side population (SP) assay composed of Hoechst 33342 staining and subsequent flow cytometric analysis has been widely utilized for characterizing putative cancer stem cells (CSCs) in various human malignancies. The present study was designed to evaluate the SP assay as a research tool for mesothelial CSCs. A distinct fraction of SP cells was identified in various human malignant mesothelioma (HMM) cell lines, ranging from 0.05 to 1.32%. The sorted mesothelial SP cells exhibited enhanced proliferation potentials and higher expression of stem-cell genes, compared to non-SP (NSP) cells. Cisplatin treatment increased percentage of SP cells in the HMM cell lines. However, tumorigenic potential of SP cells in immunodeficient mice was similar to that of the NSP cells. These data indicated that SP...
1979-03-01
The status of solar cell research is reviewed and various lines of solar cell research are placed into perspective. Problems being encountered and attempted resolutions, as well as the latest results, are discussed. Emphasis is placed on terrestrial applications. Four main research areas are considered in detail: silicon solar cells, cadmium sulfide cells; concentrator solar cells, and thin film solar cells. Solar cell arrays and the circuit design problems encountered in connecting individual cells are discussed.
Induction of iodide uptake in transformed thyrocytes: a compound screening in cell lines
2009-01-01
Retinoic acid presently is the most advanced agent able to improve the efficacy of radioiodine therapy in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. In order to identify compounds with higher efficacy a panel of pharmacologically well-characterized compounds with antitumour action in solid cancer cell lines was screened. The effects of the compounds on iodide uptake, cell number, proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated. In general, compounds were more effective in cell lines derived from more aggressive tumours. The effectiveness in terms of number of responsive cell lines and maximal increase in iodide uptake achieved decreased in the order: APHA
2010-01-01
Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (BFLS) is a rare X-linked mental retardation syndrome that is caused by germline mutations in PHF6. We describe a 9-year-old male with BFLS, who developed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). The PHF6 gene is located on the X chromosome and encodes a protein with two PHD-type zinc finger domains and four nuclear localization sequences. Previously, overexpression of Phf6 was observed in murine T-cell lymphomas. Our observation indicates that BFLS may represent a cancer predisposition syndrome and that mutations of PHF6 contribute to T-ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:722-724. Copyright 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
1980-01-01
The effects of splenectomy and/or whole-body irradiation of nude mice before xenotransplantation of lymphoid cell lines, lymphoma, and leukemia were studied. Transplantation after whole-body irradiation resulted in the increased ''take'' rate of three cultured cell lines (two of T-cell-derived acute lymphocytic leukemia and one of B-cell derived acute lymphocytic leukemia) and in the tumorous growth of Burkitt-derived Raji and spontaneously transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines. With splenectomy plus irradiation as a pretreatment, tumorous growth occurred in four other cell lines which were not transplantable after irradiation only (two cell lines of Epstein-Barr virus-transformed cord blood cells and one each of null acute lymphocytic leukemia and nodular lymphoma-derived cell lines). Direct transplantation of leukemia and lymphoma cells into the ...
Development and characterization of three new diploid cell lines from Labeo rohita (Ham.).
Development of cell lines from fish for identifying the pathogenesis of viral diseases and for vaccine production against viral and bacterial diseases is imperative where they are of commercial importance. Three new diploid fish cell lines (RF, RH, and RSB) were developed from fin, heart, and swim bladder of an Indian major carp, Labeo rohita, commonly called Rohu. All the cell lines were optimally maintained at 28 degrees C in Leibovitz-15 medium supplemented with 10% FBS. The propagation of RH and RSB cells was serum dependent, with a low plating efficiency (<16%), whereas RF cells showed 20% efficiency. The cytogenetic analysis revealed a diploid count of 50 chromosomes. The cells of RF and RSB were found to be epithelial, where as the cells of RH were mostly fibroblastic. The viability of the RF, RH, and RSB cell lines was 75, 70 and 72%, respectively after 6 months of storage in liquid nitrogen. The origin of the cell lines was confirmed by the amplification of 496 and 655 bp fragments of 16S rRNA and Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) of mtDNA. The new cell lines would facilitate viral disease diagnosis and genomic studies.
1988-11-01
Class II major histocompatibility genes contain a conserved upstream sequence (CUS) that is important in the expression of these genes. This region has been divided into two major elements, the X box and the Y box. The ability of these elements to mediate transcription of a heterologous promoter was assayed upon transfection into a B-cell line (Raji), a class II-specific trans-acting factor-deficient B-cell line (RJ2.2.5 cells), and a T-cell line (Jurkat). The results showed that the X box element was responsible for directing tissue-specific expression when Raji cells were compared to Jurkat cells. The X box could not direct expression of the heterologous promoter in the trans-acting factor-deficient cell line, indicating that the X box is an ultimate target of the missing or defective factor in the RJ2.2.5 cell line. The Y box directed an equal but extremely low level of transcription in this system in both the mutant and wild-type B-cell lines, suggesting that this element is not involved in B-cell expression or as a target of the mutant factor.
1998-06-01
Full Text Available.We have studied the mitogenic, motogenic and morphogenic effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), also known as scatter factor (SF), on 15 non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines that have had their ras genotype determined. HGF/SF stimulated proliferation in only three cell lines and exerted no mitogenic activity on six lines. The growth of the remaining six lines was inhibited. The mitogenic effects were not related to the ras genotype of these cell lines, but the inhibitory effect was more commonly observed in cell lines with relatively high levels of Met/HGF receptor (HGFR) expression. HGF/SF induced or enhanced both scatter activity on monolayer culture and single-cell invasion in collagen gels in approximately half of these cell lines. Although the ras genotype of tumour cells did not influence the HGF/SF-induced motogenic activity, cell lines with the mutant ras genotype more commonly demonstrated a spontaneous motogenic activity than those with the wild-type ras genotype. When tumour cells were grown in collagen gels, HGF/SF induced irregular branching extensions of cell aggregates formed by five out of eight adenocarcinoma cell lines, but significant lumen morphogenesis was distinctly absent. The presence of autocrine HGF/SF loop in these tumour cell lines did not influence their spontaneous or HGF/SF-induced mitogenic, motogenic or morphogenic activities. Overall, our data suggest that stimulation of cell motility, rather than proliferation or differentiation, is the predominant paracrine effect of HGF/SF on NSCLC cells in vitro.ImagesFigure 1Figure 2Figure 4Figure 5Figure 6
1984-01-01
A murine fibroblastoid cell line (H-1) with properties similar to those of adventitial reticular cells can support granulopoiesis and the development of mononuclear phagocytes in vitro. In the current study the effect of these cells on stem cell maintenance in vitro was assessed. The H-1 cells were unable to support CFU/sub s/ replication in liquid culture, while treatment of some stem cells with H-1 conditioned medium appeared to inhibit their proliferation. 29 references, 2 tables.
Synchronization of Drosophila cells in culture
1978-01-01
Drosophila cell lines (Schneider's line 2 and K/sub c/) were synchronized by allowing the cells to enter the stationary phase of growth and then diluting them into fresh culture medium. The cells of both cell lines entered S phase, after an 8- to 14-h delay, in a state of partial synchrony; 60 to 80% of the cell population accumulated in S Phase. Measurements of the cell cycle phases of Schneider's line 2 cells (S = 14 to 16 h; G/sub 2/ = 6 to 8 h; M = 0.4 h) were similar to those of K/sub c/ cells.
1994-02-01
The sensitivity of 10 mouse lymphoid or myeloid cell lines to [gamma]-ray- and DNA-associated [sup 125]I-decay-induced clonogenic cell killing have been compared with their rate of loss of viability (membrane integrity) and with their putative cell type of origin. The increased sensitivity of haematopoietic cell lines to killing by DNA dsb may be related to their mode of death (apoptosis versus necrosis). Mode of cell death may thus be an important factor in determining the 'inherent radiosensitivity' of normal cells/tissues. Haematopoietic cell lines that undergo rapid interphase apoptotic death showed extreme sensitivity to DNA dsb. (author).
Lung cancer cell lines: Useless artifacts or invaluable tools for medical science?
2010-01-01
Multiple cell lines (estimated at 300-400) have been established from human small cell (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). These cell lines have been widely dispersed to and used by the scientific community worldwide, with over 8000 citations resulting from their study. However, there remains considerable skepticism on the part of the scientific community as to the validity of research resulting from their use. These questions center around the genomic instability of cultured cells, lack of differentiation of cultured cells and absence of stromal-vascular-inflammatory cell compartments. In this report we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of cell lines, address the issues of instability and lack of differentiation. Perhaps the most important finding is that eve...
2010-01-01
The Siberian tiger ear marginal tissue fibroblast cell line (STF34) from 34 samples was successfully established using primary explants technique and cell cryoconservation technology. STF34 cells were adherent, with a population doubling time of 24h. Chromosome analysis showed that 90.2%91.6% of cells were diploid (2n=38). Isoenzyme analyses of lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase showed that STF34 cells had no cross-contamination with other species. Tests for cell line contamination with bacteria, fungi, viruses, and mycoplasmas were all negative. Every index of the STF34 cell line meets all the standard quality controls of American Type Culture Collection. Not only has the germline of this important Siberian tiger species been preserved at the cell level, but also v...
Ecdysone and the cell cycle: Investigations in a mosquito cell line
2010-01-01
Cell lines provide a tool for investigating basic biological processes that underlie the complex interactions among the tissues and organs of an intact organism. We compare the evolution of insect and mammalian populations as they progress from diploid cell strains to continuous cell lines, and review the history of the well-characterized Aedes albopictus mosquito cell line, C7-10. Like Kc and S3 cells from Drosophila melanogaster, C7-10 cells are sensitive to the insect steroid hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), and express 20E-inducible proteins as well as the EcR and USP components of the ecdysteroid receptor. The decrease in growth associated with 20E treatment results in an accumulation of cells in the G1 phase of the cycle, and a concomitant decrease in levels of cyclin A. In contras...
Human tumor cells segregate into radiosensitivity groups that associate with ATM and TP53 status
2007-07-15
We seek to determine whether cellular radiosensitivity in nineteen human colorectal tumor cell lines and three human glioblastoma tumor cell lines segregate into statistically distinct groups and whether such groups correlate with gene expression. We measure clonogenic survival in 22 cell lines that vary in radiosensitivity and in expression of selected genes: ATM, TP53, CDKN1A, 14-3-3{sigma}, Ki-ras and DNA mismatch repair genes. We describe and compare radiosensitivity in these cell lines by one-parameter or two parameter analysis. Radiosensitivity varies among and between colorectal tumor cell lines and glioblastoma cell lines. When compared directly using survival, or using two-parameter analysis of radiosensitivity, cell lines distribute into four statistically-significant radiosensitivity groups. These groups associate strongly with the status of two genes, ATM and TP53, but do not associate with CDKN1A, 14-3-3{sigma}, Ki-ras and DNA mismatch repair genes. Intrinsic cellular radiosensitivity of 22 colorectal and glioblastoma cell lines fall into four radiosensitivity groups that associate with expression of ATM and TP53. These analyses suggest multiple mechanisms underlay intrinsic cellular radiosensitivity.
2010-01-01
Thirteen human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines were established from 10 primary tumors and 3 metastatic tumors obtained from 13 Korean patients. Characteristics of the cell lines including morphology in vivo and in vitro; mutations of the K-ras, p53, APC and MMR genes and microsatellite instability (MSI) status in vitro were determined. Expression of drug-sensitivity genes including MDR1, MXR, MRP1 and COX2 was also analyzed. The cell lines were unique as judged by DNA fingerprinting using 16 short tandem repeats. Eleven of the cell lines grew as adherent populations and the remaining two as floating aggregates. None of the cell lines were contaminated with Mycoplasma or bacteria. All cell lines showed high viability with relatively long doubling times. Six cell lines contained mutation...
The colony formation assay as an indicator of carbon nanotube toxicity examined in three cell lines
2009-01-01
The cytotoxicity of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was studied in three different cell lines; rat brain endothelial cells (RBE4), a rapidly dividing epithelial like human cell line originating from a cervix carcinoma (NHIK3025) and a human lung carcinoma cell line (A549). The colony formation assay was used as end point to avoid sample interference in colorimetric assays. It was possible to differentiate between four different types of MWCNTs in concentrations between 2 and 20 g/ml with this method. There was a great difference in sensitivity between the three cell lines. RBE4 cells were best suited for this assay within this concentration range. The results show that the clonogenic assay has the potential to be a useful tool in the cytotoxicity testing of carbon based nanomaterials ev...
2009-01-01
Introduction. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are used in cancer therapy to reverse anaemia. It has been suggested that ESAs might improve treatment outcome by reducing tumour hypoxia, but ESAs might also increase tumour growth. In this work, the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) b was investigated on a human head and neck squamous carcinoma cell (HNSCC) line in vitro. The cell line was previously growth stimulated in combination with surgery in a xenograft model and the investigation was initiated to see if rHuEpo directly affects the tumour cell line, alone or in combination with cell stress, or if the in vivo effect should be attributed to secondary effects. Material and methods. The cell line LU-HNSCC-7 was grown in vitro and treated with rHuEpo alone or in c...
1994-01-01
The survival curves for cells of two human tumor cell lines, HT29 and MeWo, have been defined using a Dynamic Microscopic Imaging Processing Scanner (DMIPS). There are two major differences between these two cell lines: (a) HT29 is more radioresistant than MeWo (surviving fraction at 2 Gy of 74 and 27%, respectively) and (b) HT29 presented a marked multiphasic survival curve with hypersensitivity at low doses (cell line MeWo. We have now measured in these two cell lines the stable chromosomal aberrations and fragments, with the method of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We have analyzed chromosome 4, which does not have spontaneous translocations in ...
2010-01-01
A Morinda citrifolia cell line was obtained by overexpresion of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) from Catharanthus roseus, a key enzyme of the metabolic pathway of anthraquinones (AQs). This cell line increased AQs production by about 24% compared to the control cell line. This transgenic cell line which carries dxs cDNA isolated from Catharanthus roseus, was achieved by direct transformation of cell suspension cultures of M. citrifolia using a hypervirulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain. The effects of the overexpression of the dxs gene also resulted in increased levels of dxs mRNA transcripts and DXS activity compared to the control cell line. In addition, total phenolics and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity were evaluated and were significantly higher in the transgen...
Fetal colon cell line FHC exhibits tumorigenic phenotype, complex karyotype, and TP53 gene mutation
2010-01-01
Stable cell lines obtained by spontaneous immortalization might represent early stages of malignant transformation and be useful experimental models for studies of mechanisms of cancer development. The FHC (fetal human cells) cell line has been established from normal fetal colonic mucosa. Detailed characterization of this cell line and mechanism of spontaneously acquired immortality have not been described yet. Therefore, we characterized the FHC cell line in terms of its tumorigenicity, cytogenetics, and TP53 gene mutation analysis. FHC cells displayed capability for anchorage-independent growth in semisolid media in vitro and formed solid tumors after transplantation into SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) mice. This tumorigenic phenotype was associated with hypotriploidy and chrom...
Single-dose and fractionated irradiation of four human lung cancer cell lines in vitro
1991-01-01
Four established human lung cancer cell lines were exposed to single-dose irradiation. The survival curves of 2 small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC) were characterized by a limited capacity for repair with small and moderate shoulders with extrapolation numbers (n) of 1.05 and 1.60 respectively. Two non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell lines, one squamous cell (SQCLC) and one large cell (LCLC) had large shoulders with n-values of 73 and 15 respectively. The radiosensitivity when measured as D{sub 0} did not, however, differ as much from cell line to cell line, with values from 1.22 to 1.65. The surviving fraction after 2 Gy (SF2) was 0.24 and 0.42 respectively in the SCLC cell lines and 0.90 and 0.88 respectively in the NSCLC cell lines. Fractionated irradiation delivered according to 3 different schedules was also investigated. All the schedules delivered a total dose of 10 Gy in 5 days and were applied in 1, 2 and 5 Gy dose fractions respectively. Survival followed the pattern found after single-dose irradiation; it was lowest in the SCLC cell line with the lowest SF and highest in the two NSCLC cell lines. In the SCLC cell lines all schedules were approximately equally efficient. In the LCLC and in the SQCLC cell lines, the 5 Gy schedule killed more cells than the 1 and 2 Gy schedules. The results indicate that the size of the shoulder of the survival curve is essential when choosing the most tumoricidal fractionation schedule. (orig.).
Variation in radiation sensitivity during the cell cycle of two human squamous cell carcinomas
1991-04-01
Changes in the radiation age response are described in two cell lines derived from human squamous cell carcinomas. A radioresistant tumor cell line, JSQ-3, has a DO of 240 cGy and is polyploid with a DNA content of 2.68. A relatively radiosensitive tumor cell line, SCC-61, has a DO of 126 cGy and has a DNA index of 1.16. Tumor cells were separated and synchronized by centrifugal elutriation; flow cytometry was used to determine cell-cycle parameters and relative synchrony. The radioresistant cell line, JSQ-3B, was found to have twice the number of cells in S-phase than the more sensitive cell line (28% and 13% for JSQ-3B and SCC-61B, respectively). Both cell lines, despite differences in intrinsic radiosensitivity, were most resistant during S-phase (DOs of 258 and 157 cGy for JSQ-3B and SCC-61B, respectively) and were maximally sensitive during G1 (DOs of 193 and 95 cGy for JSQ-3B and SCC-61B, respectively). Clinical implications of our findings are discussed.
Internalization of FLAG-MOR in low or high receptor expressing mouse pituitary AtT20 cell lines
2001-01-01
Full text: Receptor endocytosis is a process that contributes to the desensitization of receptor mediated functional responses. We subcloned FLAG-tagged muopioid receptors (MOR)in mouse pituitary AtT20 cells and selected for a high and a low receptor expressing cell line. Using [3 H ]Naloxone binding to cell membranes,we were able to determine cell receptor number from Scatchard analysis. The high expressing cell line had 37,000 receptors/cell and the low expressing cell line had 8000 receptors/cell. Mouse AtT20 cells have endogenous calcium currents (ICa). (ICa) was reversibly inhibited by mu-opioid agonists in both cell lines. Inhibition of ICa by 1 muM DAMGO was 26 +-3% and 17 +-2% in high and low receptor cell lines, respectively. The selective MOR ...
In vitro sensitization of human lymphocytes to a myeloma cell-related antigen
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal human donors were cocultivated with cells from two established human multiple myeloma cell lines, RPMI 8226 and K-737, and with lymphoblastoid cells from a third B cell line, RAMM. After a comparison of three methods of lymphocyte sensitization, a 6-day incubation protocol with equal numbers of normal lymphocytes and mitomycin C-treated tumor cells was selected. Cells fom the RPMI 8226 myeloma line stimulated the differentiation of lymphocytes into cytotoxic effector cells as measured by /sup 51/Cr release from labeled target cells. The RPMI 8226-sensitized lymphocytes were cytotoxic for myeloma cells (RPMI 8226 and K-737) and for lymphoblastoid cells (RAMM) but not for cells from human lung tumor lines (A549, A427, MB9812), a breast carcinoma line (ALAB), a normal diploid fibroblast line (HSBP), or normal lymphocytes.
In vitro sensitization of human lymphocytes to a myeloma cell-related antigen
1981-01-01
Peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal human donors were cocultivated with cells from two established human multiple myeloma cell lines, RPMI 8226 and K-737, and with lymphoblastoid cells from a third B cell line, RAMM. After a comparison of three methods of lymphocyte sensitization, a 6-day incubation protocol with equal numbers of normal lymphocytes and mitomycin C-treated tumor cells was selected. Cells fom the RPMI 8226 myeloma line stimulated the differentiation of lymphocytes into cytotoxic effector cells as measured by /sup 51/Cr release from labeled target cells. The RPMI 8226-sensitized lymphocytes were cytotoxic for myeloma cells (RPMI 8226 and K-737) and for lymphoblastoid cells (RAMM) but not for cells from human lung tumor lines (A549, A427, MB9812), a breast carcinoma line (ALAB), a normal diploid fibroblast line (HSBP), or normal lymphocytes.
Delayed Cell Cycle Progression and Apoptosis Induced by Hemicellulase-Treated Agaricus blazei
We examined the effects of hemicellulase-treated Agaricus blazei (AB fraction H, ABH) on growth of several tumor cell lines. ABH inhibited the proliferation of some cell lines without cytotoxic effects. It markedly prolonged the S phase of the cell cycle. ABH also induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in different cell lines. However, it had no impact on the growth of other cell lines. ABH induced strong activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the cells in which it evoked apoptosis. On the other hand, ABH showed only a weak p38 activation effect in those cell lines in which it delayed cell cycle progression with little induction of apoptosis. However, p38 MAPK-specific inhibitor inhibited both ABH-induced effects, and ABH also caused apoptosis in the latter cells under conditions of high p38 MAPK activity induced by combined treatment with TNF-α. These results indicate that the responsiveness of p38 MAPK to ABH, which differs between cell lines, determines subsequent cellular responses on cell growth.
1989-06-01
The DNA repair capacities of five human tumor cell lines, one SV40-transformed human cell line and one adenovirus-transformed human cell line were compared with that of normal human fibroblasts using a sensitive host cell reactivation (HCR) technique. Unirradiated and UV-irradiated suspensions of adenovirus type 2 (Ad 2) were assayed for their ability to form viral structural antigens (Vag) in the various cell types using immunofluorescent staining. The survival of Vag formation for UV-irradiated Ad 2 was significantly reduced in all the human tumor cell lines and the SV40-transformed human line compared to the normal human fibroblasts, but was apparently normal in the adenovirus-transformed human cells. D0 values for the UV survival of Ad 2 Vag synthesis in the tumor and virally transformed lines expressed as a percentage of that obtained on normal fibroblast strains were used as a measure of DNA repair capacity. Percent HCR values ranged from 26 to 53% in the tumor cells. These results indicate a deficiency in the repair of UV-induced DNA damage associated with human tumorigenesis and the transformation of human cells by SV40 but not the transformation of human cells by adenovirus.
Full Text Available.BackgroundTransformed phenotypes are common to cell lines derived from various cancers. Proteome profiling is a valuable tool that may reveal uncharacteristic cell phenotypes in transformed cells. Changes in expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and other proteins interacting with glutathione (GSH) in model cell lines could be of particular interest.MethodsWe compared the phenotypes of breast cell lines EM-G3, HCC1937, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 using 2-D electrophoresis (2-DE). We further separated GSH-binding proteins from the cell lines using affinity chromatography with GSH-Sepharose 4B, performed 2-DE analysis and identified the main protein spots.ResultsCorrelation coefficients among 2-DE gels from the cell lines were lower than 0.65, pointing to dissimilarity among the cell lines. Differences in primary constituents of the cytoskeleton were shown by the 2-D protein maps and western blots. The spot patterns in gels of GSH-binding fractions from primary carcinoma-derived cell lines HCC1937 and EM-G3 were similar to each other, and they differed from the spot patterns of cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 that were derived from pleural effusions of metastatic mammary carcinoma patients. Major differences in the expression of GST P1-1 and carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1 were observed among the cell lines, indicating differential abilities of the cell lines to metabolize xenobiotics.ConclusionsOur results confirmed the applicability of targeted affinity chromatography to proteome profiling and allowed us to characterize the phenotypes of four breast cancer cell lines.
1983-11-01
Survival curves of cells from a human melanoma xenograft (E.F.) and a cell line (FME) established from this xenograft were determined. The cells of the established line were harvested from exponentially growing cultures, plateau phase cultures or solid tumours in athymic mice (FME-X) before irradiation. During irradiation the cells were kept suspended in culture medium. The colony forming ability of the cells was assayed in soft agar. The D/sub 0/-value was significantly higher for the parent xenograft than for the established line, whether grown in vitro or in vivo (p < 0.001). In addition, the Dsub(q)-value was significantly lower for the xenograft than for exponentially growing cultures of the established line (p < 0.05). Thus the radiation response of the cells of the established line was not respresentative for that of the cells from the parent xenograft. It is concluded that survival curves for established cell lines should be used with great caution in attempts to predict the radiocurability of human tumours of corresponding histological type.
Results are presented of nonphotochemical-hole-burning experiments on the mitochondrial specific dye rhodamine 800 incubated with two human ovarian surface epithelial cell lines: OSE(tsT)-14 normal cells and OV167 carcinoma cells. This dye is selective for the plasma and inner membranes of the mitochondria, as shown by confocal microscopy images. Dispersive hole-growth kinetics of zero-phonon holes are analyzed with theoretical fits, indicating that subcellular structural heterogeneity of the carcinoma cell line is lower relative to the analogous normal cell line. Broadening of holes in the presence of an applied electric field (Stark effect) was used to determine the permanent dipole moment change for the S0→S1 transition in the two cell lines. For the carcinoma cell line, the permanent dipole moment change value is a factor of 1.5 higher than for the normal cell line. It is speculated that this difference may be related to differences in mitochondrial membrane potentials in the two cell lines.
The effects of direct irradiation and bystander medium on EPC and CHSE cell lines
2004-07-01
The majority of studies involving the effects of direct radiation on cell lines use mammalian cells and the effects of bystander medium have all exclusively dealt with mammalian cells. There is increasing evidence that the effects of radiation differ in severity between different species. Two fish cell lines were irradiated in order to establish the radiosensitivity of fish cells. These cell lines, fibroblast-like CHSE 214 and epithelial-like EPC, were irradiated and compared to non-irradiated controls using three investigative parameters; lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, surface morphology and reproductive integrity. The same cell lines were also incubated with medium from irradiated cells (bystander medium) and compared to controls using the same methods as were used for directly irradiated cell lines. LDH is released when the plasma membrane of a cell is ruptured indicating non-lethal damage. Both cell lines were shown to exhibit less LDH release following direct radiation and exposure to bystander medium than mammalian cell lines of the same cell type. The surface of CHSE 214 cells showed an increase in surface features following direct radiation and exposure to bystander medium. The surface of EPC cells showed no significant surface differences following irradiation. Clonogenic studies of both cell lines, which detect effects in the cloning ability of cells, showed results similar to those seen in mammalian studies. The results are discussed and compared to studies using mammalian cells. (author)
1994-11-01
The goal of these experiments was to investigate further the relationship between DNA double-strand breaks and cell killing in human tumor cells, first by comparing different cell lines, and second by radiomodification studies. Field-inversion gel electrophoresis was used to quantify double-strand breaks. Two subclones of the radioresistant human squamous cell carcinoma line SQ20B (SQD9 and SQG6) were compared. These subclones differed in DNA index by a factor of 1.7 but showed the same resistance to radiation as cells of the parental cell line. It was found that, although induction of DSBs was not significantly different in the two cell lines, the t{sub 1/2} of the fast component of repair was significantly shorter for SQD9 cells, leading to greater overall repair which was not reflected in increased survival. Caffeine and cysteamine were tested as modifiers of radiosensitivity, using the radioresistant SQ20B line and the radiosensitive SCC61 cell line. No effect of caffeine was seen when the drug was present only during irradiation. Postirradiation incubations with caffeine, however, resulted in a dose reduction factor greater than 2.0 in cell survival for both cell lines. In contrast, induction of DSBs was reduced by caffeine, and no effect on DSB repair was observed. Cysteamine led to a dose protection factor greater than 1.8 in cell survival in both cell lines. A reduction in induced DSBs was found at high doses corresponding approximately with the increase in cell survival. Over the same (low) dose range, however, the correlation between DSB induction and cell killing was poor. These data indicate that DSB induction does not correlate well with cell killing either for different cell lines, for radiochemical modification (cysteamine) or for some other types of modification (caffeine). 31 refs., 8 figs.
Immortalization of Werner syndrome and progeria fibroblasts
Human fibroblast cells from two different progeroid syndromes, Werner syndrome (WS) and progeria, were established as immortalized cell lines by transfection with plasmid DNA containing the SV40 early region. The lineage of each immortalized cell line was confirmed by VNTR analysis. Each of the immortalized cell lines maintained its original phenotype of slow growth. DNA repair ability of these cells was also studied by measuring sensitivity to killing by uv or the DNA-damaging drugs methyl methansulfonate, bleomycin, and cis-dichlorodiamine platinum. The results showed that both WS and progeria cells have normal sensitivity to these agents.
Immortalization of Werner syndrome and progeria fibroblasts
1991-02-01
Human fibroblast cells from two different progeroid syndromes, Werner syndrome (WS) and progeria, were established as immortalized cell lines by transfection with plasmid DNA containing the SV40 early region. The lineage of each immortalized cell line was confirmed by VNTR analysis. Each of the immortalized cell lines maintained its original phenotype of slow growth. DNA repair ability of these cells was also studied by measuring sensitivity to killing by uv or the DNA-damaging drugs methyl methansulfonate, bleomycin, and cis-dichlorodiamine platinum. The results showed that both WS and progeria cells have normal sensitivity to these agents.
Immortalization of Werner syndrome and progeria fibroblasts
1991-01-01
Human fibroblast cells from two different progeroid syndromes, Werner syndrome (WS) and progeria, were established as immortalized cell lines by transfection with plasmid DNA containing the SV40 early region. The lineage of each immortalized cell line was confirmed by VNTR analysis. Each of the immortalized cell lines maintained its original phenotype of slow growth. DNA repair ability of these cells was also studied by measuring sensitivity to killing by uv or the DNA-damaging drugs methyl methansulfonate, bleomycin, and cis-dichlorodiamine platinum. The results showed that both WS and progeria cells have normal sensitivity to these agents
5-Substituted [1]pyrindine derivatives with antiproliferative activity
2010-01-01
We report herein the synthesis of 5-substituted [1]pyrindine derivatives and the evaluation of their antiproliferative properties on HeLa cells, a cervical carcinoma tumor cell line, and on the melanoma A2058 cell line. The most efficient compounds display cytotoxicity against tumor cells in the micromolar range but have interestingly no effect against the normal human fibroblasts CRL-2796. Generally, these pyrindines are active on both tumor cell lines. Compounds bearing large substituents with structural rigidity at position 5 such as phenyl-furyl show no inhibition of cell growth.
Selection of wheat lines with resistance to Fusarium graminearum by somaclonal variation.
The screening wheat new lines which have the resistance to Fusarium graminearum were completed by in vitro induced mutation and cell screening. Four new lines with resistance to Fusarium graminearum were obtained. The field inoculating determination in 19...
Production Line for Dendritic-Web Solar Cells
Direct inclusion of web-growth furnaces in production line expected to result in lower costs than current production processes using silicon wafers sliced from Czochralski boules. Silicon-web input capacity of line is ...
... cell membrane integrity, cell signaling, protein synthesis, and cell cycle progression, all of which are potential areas of ... crypt foci ( ACF ). ACF are clusters of abnormal cells in the lining of the colon ... NCI-sponsored phase II trial will begin patient enrollment in late ...
Retinal rescue: Cells derived from human embryonic stem cells reverse retinal degeneration
2009-10-01
A new study reports that transplanted pigment-containing visual cells derived from human embryonic stem cells successfully preserved structure and function of the specialized light-sensitive lining of the eye (known as ...
2010-05-01
ES cells are defined as self-renewing, pluripotent cell lines derived from early embryos. Cultures of ES cells are also characterized by the expression of certain markers thought to represent the pluripotent...Full Text Available
2000-04-01
Stem cell factor (SCF), the ligand for c-Kit, is known to regulate developmental and functional processes of haematopoietic stem cells, mast cells and melanocytes. Two different splice variants form...Full Text Available
Establishment of trophoblast stem cell lines from somatic cell nuclear-transferred embryos
2009-09-22
Placental abnormalities occur frequently in cloned animals. Here, we attempted to isolate trophoblast stem (TS) cells from mouse blastocysts produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT) at the blastocyst...Full Text Available
Endometrial stem cells could repair brain cells damaged by Parkinson's disease
2010-05-06
Stem cells derived from the endometrium (uterine lining) and transplanted into the brains of laboratory mice with Parkinson's disease appear to restore functioning of brain cells damaged by the disease, according to a ...
37 CFR 1.801 - Biological material.
...indirectly. Representative examples include bacteria, fungi including yeast, algae, protozoa, eukaryotic cells, cell lines, hybridomas, plasmids, viruses, plant tissue cells, lichens and seeds. Viruses, vectors, cell organelles and other non-living...
In vitro stimulation of CD34+ cells with IL-2 induces NK cell differentiation. In order to define the stages of NK cell development, which influence their generation from CD34 cells, we cultured G-CSF...Full Text Available
Systematic variation in gene expression patterns in human cancer cell lines
2000-01-01
We used cDNA micro arrays to explore the variation in expression of approximately 8,000 unique genes among the 60 cell lines used in the National Cancer Institute s screen for anti-cancer drugs. Classification of the cell lines based solely on the observed patterns of gene expression revealed a correspondence to the ostensible origins of the tumors from which the cell lines were derived. The consistent relationship between the gene expression patterns and the tissue of origin allowed us to recognize outliers whose previous classification appeared incorrect. Specific features of the gene expression patterns appeared to be related to physiological properties of the cell lines, such as their doubling time in culture, drug metabolism or the interferon response. Comparison of gene expression patterns in the cell lines to those observed in normal breast tissue or in breast tumor specimens revealed features of the expression patterns in the tumors that had recognizable counterparts in specific cell lines, reflecting the tumor, stromal and inflammatory components of the tumor tissue. These results provided a novel molecular characterization of this important group of human cell lines and their relationships to tumors in vivo.
Neurotoxicity Screening in a Multipotent Neural Stem Cell Line Established from the Mouse Brain
2010-03-01
Neural stem cells (NSCs) have mainly been applied to neurodegeneration in some medically intractable neurologic diseases. In this study, we established a novel NSC line and investigated the cytotoxic...Full Text Available
Mutation analysis of 24 known cancer genes in the NCI-60 cell line set
2006-11-01
The panel of 60 human cancer cell lines (the NCI-60) assembled by the National Cancer Institute for anticancer drug discovery is a widely used resource. The NCI-60 has been characterized pharmacologically...Full Text Available
Monoclonal antibodies to human glycophorin a and cell lines for the production thereof
Cloned mouse hybridoma cell lines have been established which continuously produce antibodies that are highly specific to and exhibit high affinity for glycophorin A/sup N/ and differentiate between the M and N forms of human glycophorin A.
Monoclonal antibodies to human glycophorin a and cell lines for the production thereof
1988-06-21
Cloned mouse hybridoma cell lines have been established which continuously produce antibodies that are highly specific to and exhibit high affinity for glycophorin A/sup N/ and differentiate between the M and N forms of human glycophorin A.
Monoclonal antibodies to human glycophorin A and cell lines for the production thereof
Cloned mouse hybridoma cell lines have been established which continuously produce antibodies that are highly specific to and exhibit high affinity for glycophorin A.sup.N and differentiate between the M and N forms of human glycophorin A.
Monoclonal antibodies to human glycophorin A and cell lines for the production thereof
Cloned mouse hybridoma cell lines have been established which continuously produce antibodies that are highly specific to and exhibit high affinity for glycophorin A.sup.N and differentiate between the M and N forms of human glycophorin A.
Monoclonal antibodies to human glycophorin A and cell lines for the production thereof
Cloned mouse hybridoma cell lines have been established which continuously produce antibodies that are highly specific to and exhibit high affinity for glycophorin A.sup.N and differentiate between the M and N forms of human glycophorin A.
MGED Guide to authors, editors and reviewers of microarray gene expression papers
The MIAME Checklist Experiment Design: Type of experiment: Highly metastatic RMS cell lines vs. Poorly metastatic RMS cell lines (for example, is it a comparison of normal vs. diseased tissue, a time course, or is it designed to study the effects
DIVERSITY OF ARSENIC METABOLISM IN CULTURED HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES
Diversity of arsenic metabolism in cultured human cancer cell lines. Arsenic has been known to cause a variety of malignancies in human. Pentavalent As (As 5+) is reduced to trivalent As (As3+) which is further methylated by arsenic methyltransferase(s) to monomethylarson...
2010-01-01
Purpose:This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of five prostaglandin analog ophthalmic solutions on four ocular surface cell lines, ie, Chang (human conjunctiva), SIRC (rabbit cornea),...Full Text Available
1997-03-01
In his study we have examined intrinsic radiosensitivity of 27 human carcinoma cell lines derived from 20 patients with different types of head and neck tumour. Radiosensitivities, measured in a 96-well plate clonogenic assay, correlated with the p53 gene status so that cell lines with no functional p53 protein-encoding allele were radiosensitive and cell lines containing at least one wild-type allele were radioresistant. Cell lines encoding mutated p53 were of intermediate sensitivity. Head and neck cancer cell lines wild-type p53 gene are radioresistant because the apparent triggering of apoptosis by p53 is counteracted by a strong expression of the bcl-2 gene. On the other hand, cell lines with no functional p53 protein-encoding allele are radiosensitive because they usa a p53-independent apoptotic pathway. In the radiosensitive cell lines studied so far, detectable levels of bcl-2 mRNA or Bcl-2 protein were not present. (authors)
Characterization of difluoromethylornithine-resistant mouse and human tumour cell lines.
1989-03-15
Four mouse and two human tumour cell lines resistant to alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), were analysed for the activities of polyamine-biosynthetic...Full Text Available
A human hepatoma multidrug resistant cell line in vitro
2010-05-12
Drug resistance is still a major impediment in the treatment of cancer. A recent study from China describes the establishment of a multidrug resistant (MDR) cell line, SK-Hep-1/CDDP, which can be used as an in vivo ...
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