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Sample records for santa marta hepatitis

  1. Early Neogene unroofing of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta along the Bucaramanga -Santa Marta Fault

    Science.gov (United States)

    Piraquive Bermúdez, Alejandro; Pinzón, Edna; Bernet, Matthias; Kammer, Andreas; Von Quadt, Albrecht; Sarmiento, Gustavo

    2016-04-01

    Plate interaction between Caribbean and Nazca plates with Southamerica gave rise to an intricate pattern of tectonic blocks in the Northandean realm. Among these microblocks the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM) represents a fault-bounded triangular massif composed of a representative crustal section of the Northandean margin, in which a Precambrian to Late Paleozoic metamorphic belt is overlain by a Triassic to Jurassic magmatic arc and collateral volcanic suites. Its western border fault belongs to the composite Bucaramanga - Santa Marta fault with a combined left lateral-normal displacement. SE of Santa Marta it exposes remnants of an Oligocene marginal basin, which attests to a first Cenoizoic activation of this crustal-scale lineament. The basin fill consists of a sequence of coarse-grained cobble-pebble conglomerates > 1000 m thick that unconformably overlay the Triassic-Jurassic magmatic arc. Its lower sequence is composed of interbedded siltstones; topwards the sequence becomes dominated by coarser fractions. These sedimentary sequences yields valuable information about exhumation and coeval sedimentation processes that affected the massif's western border since the Upper Eocene. In order to analyse uplifting processes associated with tectonics during early Neogene we performed detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, detrital thermochronology of zircon and apatites coupled with the description of a stratigraphic section and its facies composition. We compared samples from the Aracataca basin with analog sequences found at an equivalent basin at the Oca Fault at the northern margin of the SNSM. Our results show that sediments of both basins were sourced from Precambrian gneisses, along with Mesozoic acid to intermediate plutons; sedimentation started in the Upper Eocene-Oligocene according to palynomorphs, subsequently in the Upper Oligocene a completion of Jurassic to Cretaceous sources was followed by an increase of Precambrian input that became the dominant

  2. Hydrodynamic Modeling of Santa Marta's Big Marsh

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Saldarriaga, Juan

    1991-01-01

    The ecological degradation of Santa Marta's Big Marsh and their next areas it has motivated the realization of diagnosis studies and design by several state and private entities. One of the recommended efforts for international advisory it was to develop an ecological model that allowed the handling of the water body and the economic test of alternative of solution to those ecological problems. The first part of a model of this type is in turn a model that simulates the movement of the water inside the marsh, that is to say, a hydrodynamic model. The realization of this was taken charge to the civil engineering department, on the part of Colciencias. This article contains a general explanation of the hydrodynamic pattern that this being developed by a professors group. The ecological causes are described and antecedent, the parts that conform the complex of the Santa Marta big Marsh The marsh modeling is made and it is explained in qualitative form the model type Hydrodynamic used

  3. Migración negra en Santa Marta

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    Josè Luis Vega de Lavalle

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este artículo es dar cuenta de los procesos e inserción urbana de la Gente Negra  se ha instalado en Santa Marta, los cuales han llegado a partir de la década de los años ochenta a  en el sector turístico de esta ciudad.

  4. 17th century patterned azulejos from the Monastery of Santa Marta, in Lisbon

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    Rosário Salema de Carvalho

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available This article is about the Portuguese tilemaking of the former Monastery of Santa Marta de Jesus, currently Hospital of Santa Marta, still in situ. The main goal is the study of the patterned tiles from the 17th century, exploring the documentation as well as the ideas and solutions invented by the tile-layers that applied the tiles on the walls. Also, the authors aim to introduce the new information system for the Portuguese azulejos’ inventory, named Az Infinitum - Azulejo Indexation and Reference System, available online.

  5. La corrupción en los empresarios de Santa Marta: 1800-1850

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    Jorge Enrique Elias Caro

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se pretende mostrar cómo fue la relación de los empresarios de Santa Marta hechos de corrupción y manejo de la justicia y la cosa pública en la primera mitad del siglo XIX, caracterizando quiénes fueron los empresarios con estos actos ilícitos, la forma  desarrollaban las actividades fraudulentas y qué casos fueron los que presentaron. Denotando  qué incidencia pudo tener esta coyuntura con el desarrollo social y económico de la Provincia  Santa Marta para el periodo  entre 1800 y 1850.

  6. Santa Marta en la independencia: entre el pragmatismo y la insurrección Santa Marta during the Independence: Between pragmatism and insurrection

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    Juan Manuel Martínez Fonseca

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available La independencia de Santa Marta se caracterizó por elementos de resistencia al cambio. De hecho, fue solamente hasta 1823 que el ejército patriota logró finalmente tomar la plaza; esta situación tan atípica y la tendencia a mantener lealtad a la corona española se explica, realizando un ejercicio de rastreo de los procesos históricos que vivió la ciudad durante el siglo XVIII y las primeras décadas del siglo XIX, a partir del indiscutible papel del contrabando en los negocios realizados por los comerciantes. Esta situación llegó al punto de que llegado el momento de la emancipación, los comerciantes prefirieron no arriesgar la normalidad de las actividades económicas, y prefirieron asumir una actitud menos complaciente con la causa patriota; el mito del realismo samario se hace importante dentro del debate si se analiza más a fondo la estructura comercial que caracterizó esos años.The independence of Santa Marta was characterized by many elements of resistance to change. In fact it was only until 1823 that the city was finally taken by the patriot army. This unusual situation, suggesting a loyalty to the Spanish crown, is explained by tracing the historical processes experienced by the city during the eighteenth century and early decades of the nineteenth century. It is unquestionable the role that the city played in the smuggling businesses made by traders, to the point that during the time of emancipation Santa Marta preferred not to risk their normal economic activities and kept distance from the patriot cause. The debate about the myth of "samario" realism, reemerges here if one looks deeper into the commercial structure that characterized those years.

  7. Olvido y memoria en Santa Marta, Colombia: El punto ciego de la esclavitud

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    Véronique Benei

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available En este capítulo se trata de memorias - y obliteraciones - de la esclavitud en la ciudad de Santa Marta, Magdalena, en Colombia. Desde la perspectiva de la antropología histórica, se investigan las maneras en qué la historia y la práctica de la esclavitud parecen poco “recordadas” en esa ciudad, a pesar de haber sido un comercio comprobado y efectuado hasta el siglo XIX. Asimismo, se explora la articulación de estas obliteraciones memoriales con la utilización cotidiana, hoy en día, del registro discursivo de la esclavitud. Esta utilización ocurre en contextos muy variados, desde lo doméstico a la esfera del trabajo, y más sobre todo en el campo económico. Para terminar, se proponen varias hipótesis en cuanto a esta resurgencia discursiva.Palabras Clave: Santa Marta; Esclavitud; Comercio de esclavos.Social ethics and the dignity of human life: epistemic reach in societyAbstractThis chapter is about memories - and obliterations – of slavery in the city of Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia. From the perspective of historical anthropology, it investigates the ways in which the history and practice of slavery seem less “remembered” in that city, although it was a proved trade, and carried out during the nineteenth century. It also explores the articulation of these memorial obliterations, concerning nowadays the discursive speech of slavery. This usage occurs in diverse circumstances, such as the domestic environment and the sphere of work, and mainly in the economic atmosphere. Finally, we propose several hypotheses regarding this resurgence discourse.Keywords: Slavery; Santa Marta; slave trade.

  8. Flujo de compuestos organoclorados en las cadenas troficas de la cienaga de Santa Marta

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    Hernado Campos Néstor

    1993-12-01

    Full Text Available Monthly samples of seston and fish species of different throphic levels were done at the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta in orderto describe organochlorinated compounds dynamics. The fish used were: atlantic anchoveta, mulletand catfish. The organochlorinated contents were determined by gas-liquid chromatography using n-Hexane and Acetonitrilo as extraction solvents. The results were compared to 14 organochlorinated pure patrons. The following accumulations patterns were found: atlantic nchoveta 2240 times, mullet 2343 times and catfish 21800 times and the magnifying factors among the differents thropic levels: mullet/atlantic anchoveta = 1.47, catfish/atlantic anchoveta = 2.6 and catfish/mullet = 3.3 The transport model of the organochlorinated compounds in the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta is described bassed in these results.Con el fin de describir la dinámica de los compuestos organoclorados a través de la red trófica de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, se adelantaron muestreos simultáneos del seston y de peces de diferentes niveles tróficos: bocona (cetengraulis edentulus planctófago; lisa (Mugil incilis detritívoro; el chivo (Ariopsis boniiíei; carnívoro. Se determinaron los contenidos de organoclorados por cromatografía gas-líquido, empleando n-hexano y acetonitrilo como solventes de extracción y se compararon con 14 patrones puros de organoclorados. Los factores de acumulación para la bocona son de 2240 veces, para la lisa 2343 y para el chivo 21800. Los factores de magnificación entre los diferentes niveles tróficos son lisa/bocona = 1.47; chivo/lisa = 3.3; chivo/bocona = 2.6. Se describe el modelo de flujos de los organoclorados en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta con base en estos resultados.

  9. Estrés laboral, factores de riesgo psicosociales extralaborales e intralaborales en una empresa prestadora de servicios en salud ocupacional de la ciudad de Santa Marta.Job stress, psychosocial risk factors in a company in city Santa Marta.

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    Suescún, Jesús David; Socarras Plaza, Ximena; Hernández Remolina, Karolayn; Rhenals Bandera, Maxwell

    2014-01-01

    Estrés laboral, factores de riesgo psicosociales extralaborales e intralaborales en una empresa prestadora de servicios en salud ocupacional de la ciudad de Santa Marta. Job stress, psychosocial risk factors both inside and outside work, in a company that provides occupational health services in the city of Santa Marta.  Resumen El artículo presenta resultados de la investigación realizada sobre los factores de riesgo psicosociales laborales y el estrés, tema que en la actualidad representan ...

  10. La cultura organizacional de los operadores turísticos de Santa Marta 2012-2013

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    Jennifer Tatiana Ortiz Segrera

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Con base en la inquietud por desarrollar estrategias que conlleven al aumento en la productividad de los operadores turísticos de la ciudad de Santa Marta, esta investigación se propone caracterizar las condiciones de la cultura organizacional de dichas instituciones; en este estudio, se definen las variables correspondientes a las condiciones físicas de trabajo, las  del entorno laboral y el comportamiento organizacional, como elementos de la cultura que al ser estudiados, tienen como fin establecer su relación con el rendimiento laboral de los empleados en las empresas turísticas. Para el estudio en Santa Marta, se determinaron las características de cada variable en un cuestionario de 24 preguntas, se encuestaron miembros de las organizaciones y se ahondó en la percepción de directivos, administrativos y operativos, e identificar para el caso de la ciudad, si el talento humano se encuentra motivado en gran parte por las relaciones interpersonales, las condiciones físicas de trabajo y un entorno laboral adecuado para el desarrollo de su trabajo, y así observar la relación frente a su rendimiento. Palabras Clave: Cultura organizacional, condiciones de trabajo, entorno laboral, comportamiento organizacional.The organizational culture of Santa Marta tour operators 2012-2013.Abstract Based on the concern to develop strategies that lead to increased productivity of tourism operators in the city of Santa Marta, this research aims to characterize the condition of the organizational culture of these institutions, in this study, the corresponding variables are defined the physical conditions of work, work environment conditions and organizational behavior, as elements of the culture being studied, are intended to establish its relationship with the work performance of employees in tourism enterprises. For the study in Santa Marta, the characteristics of each variable were determined on a questionnaire of 24 questions, were surveyed the

  11. Mapas mentales del centro histórico de Santa Marta

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    Ubaldo Rodríguez de Ávila Sharol Cortés

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Al establecer y definir las principales argumentaciones teóricas que pueden acotar (desde nuestra visión y definir los conceptos de representación socioespacial, estudiado a través de la técnica y a la vez metodología de Mapas Mentales, como una forma de conocimiento social, elaboramos este nuevo aporte en el que se plantea una investigación que quiere ofrecer un modelo acerca de cómo abordar metodológicamente el tema que nos ocupa. Extracto científico del trabajo de grado de los autores del mismo, estudiantes de grado de Psicología de la Universidad del Magdalena, titulado: Representación Socioespacial del Centro Hisórico de Santa Marta, situándonos en la necesidad de conocer los mapas mentales como construcción de la realidad y la manera como el conocimiento se construye en ella. De este modo, la principal meta que se traza es la comprensión de los Mapas Mentales que los sujetos que usan el centro Histórico de Santa Marta tienen formado. (Duazary 2006; 2:153-163

  12. Postorogenic emplacement of the Santa Marta Batholith, northwestern flank of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM).

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    Sanchez Sierra, Johan Miguel Sebastian; Kammer, Andreas

    2017-04-01

    The Santa Marta Batholith (BSM) belongs to a Paleogene intrusive suite of the Santa Marta massif, an exhumed triangular block at the southern Caribbean margin. Its Paleogene age precludes its association to an active margin, although its emplacement was controlled by the flexure of the down-bent Southamerican plate. Its internal structure is outlined by a mafic border facies and a felsic core, both having a petrologic affinity to a TTG-suite. According to existing age data, the BSM consolidated sequentially from SW to NE, with a first pulse having crystallized at 56 Ma in the southern domain and a final pulse in the northern domain at 52-50 Ma. Pressures varied between 5-7 kb, corresponding to depths of 14-19 km. This study combines structural, thermochronological and geochemical data with an analysis of Anisotropy and Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) and paleomagnetism. The SNSM had a clockwise rotation of 30 ° and the ASM results help distinguish between two fault-bounded structural domains. The southern domain is characterized by a magnetic foliation concordant to the contact of the host rock that dips toward the hinterland. The northern domain, in contrast, displays a N-S trending magnetic foliation that is oblique to the regional structural northeastern trend. This divergence is supported by the orientation of mineral lineations, enclaves and dikes. In spite of its arc signature, anomalies like enrichment in Ti, depletion of Nb-Ta and Zr-Hf, as well as flat REE patterns can be associated to the accumulation of crystallized mafic minerals from less-fractionated magmas. These data evidence mingling. Asymmetric internal organization, as indicated by a hinterland-dipping roof pendent, the structural setting at the margin of a thickened continental margin and its geochemical signature favor a scenario of a magma generation at a mid-crustal level and its consequent extrusion along a channel, that connected to the crustal bend of the continental plate that was

  13. A Favela Santa Marta e seus guias de turismo: identidade, mobilização e conflito

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    Gabriel Ferreira Barbosa

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available A proposta deste artigo é descrever o processo de constituição de um mercado turístico na Favela Santa Marta e os efeitos observados no que se refere aos conflitos e consequentes mobilizações que reivindicam a legitimidade de se contar a história desse lugar. Por ter sido a primeira favela da cidade do Rio de Janeiro onde foi instalada uma Unidade de Polícia Pacificadora (UPP em dezembro de 2008[1], a Santa Marta passa a ser reconhecida como uma “favela modelo” por parte da administração pública, como se ela fosse um “laboratório” para experiências de políticas públicas. Esse processo ocorre em um contexto – notadamente os megaeventos esportivos como a Copa do Mundo FIFA 2014 e as Olimpíadas de 2016 -  em que se busca um “reencantamento” das representações sobre as favelas, mais especificamente aquelas onde as UPPs passam a fazer parte do cotidiano de seus moradores. O programa Rio Top Tour, que é a política analisada aqui, foi lançado na Favela Santa Marta, e consistiu na formação de guias turísticos locais e estímulo ao desenvolvimento de um mercado turístico. A partir da atuação desses guias e a sua mobilização para serem os legítimos portadores da narrativa sobre a história da Favela Santa Marta no âmbito do mercado turístico local, analisarei os conflitos que resultam desse processo. Antes disso, entretanto, é preciso apresentar este lugar e as mudanças que vêm ocorrendo nos últimos anos desde a instalação da UPP – que é o corte temporal proposto neste trabalho.

  14. Crustáceos decápodos asociados a comunidades algales en la región de Santa Marta, Caribe colombiano

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    Campos C. Néstor Hernando

    1995-11-01

    Full Text Available Bimonthly sampling during a one year period was carried out on three biotopes in the Santa Marta region (Bahía de Gayraca: Lithothamnion; Bahía de Chengue: Halimeda; Bahra de Concha: Sargassum in order to determine the crustacean population associated with to them. A total of 1309 individuals of 58 species were collected. Only two species appeared at the three habitats, Mithraculus forceps y Pagurus brevidactylus. Some species were found to characterize the habitat sampled in the Santa Marta región. Lysmata wurdemanni has been found in Santa Marta only in Halimeda; some galatheids are frequently found in the Lithothamnion habitat; the spider crabs Acanthonix petiveri and Epialtus brasiliensis were found exclusively in the Sargassum habitat.Con el fin de evaluar las poblaciones de crustáceos decápodos asociadas a comunidades algales, se adelantaron muestreos bimensuales durante un año en tres comunidades de la región de Santa Marta, (Bahía de Gayraca: algas coralinácea del género Uthothamnion; Bahra de Chengue: algas del género Halimeda; Bahía de Concha: algas del género Sargassum. Se recolectaron 1.309 individuos pertenecientes a 58 especies de crustáceos decápodos. Del total de especies, sólo dos estuvieron presentes en los tres hábitats (Mithraculus forceps y Pagurus brevidactylus. Para cada una de las tres comunidades se pudieron identificar algunas especies que las caracterizan en la región de Santa Marta: Lysmata wurdemanni en el área de estudio no ha sido capturada en otro hábitat diferente a Halimeda; miembros de la familia Galatheidae son frecuentes en Uthothamnion; los cangrejos araña Acanthonix Petiveri y Epialtus brasiliensisse encontraron únicamente en Sargassum.

  15. Clockwise rotation of the Santa Marta massif and simultaneous Paleogene to Neogene deformation of the Plato-San Jorge and Cesar-Ranchería basins

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    Montes, Camilo; Guzman, Georgina; Bayona, German; Cardona, Agustin; Valencia, Victor; Jaramillo, Carlos

    2010-10-01

    A moderate amount of vertical-axis clockwise rotation of the Santa Marta massif (30°) explains as much as 115 km of extension (stretching of 1.75) along its trailing edge (Plato-San Jorge basin) and up to 56 km of simultaneous shortening with an angular shear of 0.57 along its leading edge (Perijá range). Extensional deformation is recorded in the 260 km-wide, fan-shaped Plato-San Jorge basin by a 2-8 km thick, shallowing-upward and almost entirely fine-grained, upper Eocene and younger sedimentary sequence. The simultaneous initiation of shortening in the Cesar-Ranchería basin is documented by Mesozoic strata placed on to lower Eocene syntectonic strata (Tabaco Formation and equivalents) along the northwest-verging, shallow dipping (9-12° to the southeast) and discrete Cerrejón thrust. First-order subsidence analysis in the Plato-San Jorge basin is consistent with crustal stretching values between 1.5 and 2, also predicted by the rigid-body rotation of the Santa Marta massif. The model predicts about 100 km of right-lateral displacement along the Oca fault and 45 km of left-lateral displacement along the Santa Marta-Bucaramanga fault. Clockwise rotation of a rigid Santa Marta massif, and simultaneous Paleogene opening of the Plato-San Jorge basin and emplacement of the Cerrejón thrust sheet would have resulted in the fragmentation of the Cordillera Central-Santa Marta massif province. New U/Pb ages (241 ± 3 Ma) on granitoid rocks from industry boreholes in the Plato-San Jorge basin confirm the presence of fragments of a now segmented, Late Permian to Early Triassic age, two-mica, granitic province that once spanned the Santa Marta massif to the northernmost Cordillera Central.

  16. Santa Marta en la independencia: entre el pragmatismo y la insurrección Santa Marta during the Independence: Between pragmatism and insurrection

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    Juan Manuel Martínez Fonseca

    2010-01-01

    La independencia de Santa Marta se caracterizó por elementos de resistencia al cambio. De hecho, fue solamente hasta 1823 que el ejército patriota logró finalmente tomar la plaza; esta situación tan atípica y la tendencia a mantener lealtad a la corona española se explica, realizando un ejercicio de rastreo de los procesos históricos que vivió la ciudad durante el siglo XVIII y las primeras décadas del siglo XIX, a partir del indiscutible papel del contrabando en los negocios realizados por l...

  17. A new population record and conservation assessment of the Santa Marta Poison Arrow Frog Colostethus ruthveni Kaplan, 1997 (Anura: Dendrobatidae from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    J.F.G. Maya

    2011-03-01

    Full Text Available Colombia possesses important amphibian species richness that is threatened by several factors. Here we report a new population of the Santa Marta Poison Arrow Frog Colostethus ruthveni, an endangered endemic species from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountain range. During intensive surveys across Námaku Reserve, 22 C. ruthveni individuals (mean abundance 0.28 plus or minus 0.09 ind/km were observed along creeks between 737 and 923m above sea level near downtown Minca. This record represents a new locality for the species, increasing the number of known sites and expanding its extent of occurrence. We suggest the reassessment of the conservation status of the species from EN B1ab(iii to VU B1ab(iii, due to this and other recent findings. Currently, the species is present in three protected areas; this new record represents another reserve area where the species is distributed, ensuring the habitat and reducing some of its most important threats such as habitat loss and degradation from agricultural activities, logging, pollution and infrastructure development. This finding represents new critical information for the species and defines the need to understand the real status of its populations for future conservation strategies in the region.

  18. La contaminación por metales pesados en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Caribe colombiano La contaminación por metales pesados en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Caribe colombiano

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    Campos C. Néstor Hernando

    1990-09-01

    Full Text Available Se dan los resultados de los estudios sobre la contaminación por metales pesados en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta. Las determinaciones se realizaron en el material en suspensión, en los bivalvos Crassostrea rhizophorae e Isognomon alatus y en los peces Gathorops spixii y Ariopsis bonillai. Los análisis de los metales Cd, Zn y Cu en el material en suspensión permitieron determinar que las mayores descargas de estos metales se suceden principalmente desde el Río Magdalena a través del Canal del Clarín y de los ríos que fluyen del piedemonte de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. La comparación de los contenidos en bivalvas permiten determinar la importancia de estos organismos como bioindicadores. Los análisis en las dos especies de peces mostraron una diferenciación en la capacidad de acumulación entre una y otra.  Al comparar los contenidos de metales entre los diferentes tipos de muestras con los cambios en los contenidos en el material en suspensión y la salinidad, se observó que estos dos parámetros son principalmente los que controlan la biodisponibilidad de los metales y además afectan los procesos fisiológicos de los organismos, aumentando o disminuyendo la capacidad de bioacumulación. Results of the studies of heavy metals pollution in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta are provided. The determinations have been done on the suspended matter, on the bivalves Crassostrea rhizophorae and Isognomon alatus, and in the fishes Gathorops spixii and Ariopsis bonillai. The analysis of Cd, Zn and Cu in the suspended matter led to determine that the discharges come principally from the Río Magdalena through the Canal del Clarín and the rivers coming from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Comparisons of the concentration in bivalves show the importance of this organisms as bioindicators. The analysis in both fish species show a difference in their capacity of accumulation. Comparison of the metals contents between different types

  19. Respuesta IgE específica anti-Blomia tropicalis en niños asmáticos residentes en Santa Marta, una ciudad del Caribe colombiano

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    Dary Luz Mendoza Meza

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenBlomia tropicalis es un ácaro intradomiciliario predominante en Colombia. Sin embargo, existe poca información disponible sobre la sensibilización a este y otros ácaros intradomiciliarios en pacientes asmáticos de Santa Marta. El propósito de este estudio fue establecer la respuesta IgE específica contra el ácaro B. tropicalis en pacientes pediátricos asmáticos de Santa Marta. La respuesta IgE específica se determinó por ELISA indirecto en 77 niños con diagnóstico de asma bronquial alérgica. Las fracciones alergénicas mayoritarias de B. tropicalis se identificaron por Western Blotting usando un extracto de proteínas de B. tropicalis. Setenta y seis (98.7% niños presentaron niveles elevados de IgE total, 48 (88% tenían IgE anti- B. tropicalis positiva. El Western Blot identificó 16 fracciones alergénicas con rango entre 80- 21 kDa. Estos resultados indican que los alérgenos del ácaro B. tropicalis deben incluirse en el diagnóstico exacto de la sensibilización a los ácaros del polvo doméstico en Santa Marta, Colombia. (DUAZARY 2011, 9 - 16AbstractBlomia tropicalis is the predominant indoor mite in Colombia, nevertheless there is not enough information about sensitization to this and other indoor mites, in the asthmatic patients living in Santa Marta. The purpose of this study was to establish the specific IgE responses against to B. tropicalis in pediatric asthmatic patients in Santa Marta. Specific IgE responses were determined by indirect ELISA in 77 children with bronchial asthma. The B. tropicalis major allergenic fractions were identified by Western Blotting using a B. tropicalis protein extract. Seventy six (98.7% children showed high levels of total IgE, 48 (88% had IgE anti-B. tropicalis positive. Sixteen allergenic fractions, between 80 – 21 kDa, were identified by Western Blotting. These results indicate that the B. tropicalisallergens must be included in the precise diagnosis of sensitization to house

  20. Present importance of coffe production in some coffe grower communities and indian comunities in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta Importancia actual de la caficultora en algunas comunidades campesinas e indígenas de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta

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    Herrera Rojas Gilberto

    1993-12-01

    Full Text Available Coffe production followed by coffe growers and indian groups in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, shows several differences regarding economical rationalityandtechnology. Coffe plays avery important role inthe economy and life quality ofthegrowers and indians. Traditional technology is generalized and has slowed down the deterioration of the Sierra, although life quality is very low.
    La caficultura que practican los campesinos y los grupos indlgenas de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, tiene notables diferencias, tanto en la racionalidad económica, como en la lógica con la cual son atendidos los cultivos. El café juega un
    papel predominante en el sostenimiento de la economla
    y en la calidad de la vida de campecinos e indlgenas. La tecnologla tradicional, cuyo uso es generalizado, ha demorado el deterioro de ese inmenso maciso, aunuqe la calidad de la vida es bastante baja.

  1. Ventas de comida popular en Santa Marta, la ciudad turística de la informalidad

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    Alvaro Alfonso Acevedo Merlano

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo trata sobre las ventas y los vendedores callejeros del centro histórico del distrito turístico, cultural e histórico de Santa Marta Colombia. Se enmarca en el campo de la antropología de la comida y pone énfasis en la resistencia popular implicada en estas prácticas informales, en relación con un proceso de renovación urbana y de “limpieza social” del centro de Santa Marta. El documento posee un análisis del contenido etnográfico en un marco conceptual que articula las dimensiones categoriales de cultura y alimentación, subalternidad, informalidad, resistencia, identificaciones, memoria, y semántica de la valoración y la comunicación. Todo esto, con el fin de indagar en cómo la gente demuestra apropiación de algunos rasgos distintivos, muchas veces caracterizados por evocaciones sensoriales, que vislumbran una identificación frente a los elementos de la comida, ésta entendida como un hecho social en el que se reflejan las costumbres, los gustos y las realidades de las personas.

  2. Reef fish community in presence of the lionfish (Pterois volitans) in Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean

    OpenAIRE

    García-Urueña, Rocío; Acero P, Arturo; Coronado-Carrascal, Víctor

    2015-01-01

    ABSTRACT Objective. Fish species community structure and benthic organisms coverage were studied in five localities in Santa Marta where the lionfish is present. Materials and methods. Abundance of fish species, including lion fish, was established using 30 m random visual censuses and video transects; trophic guilds were established according to available references. On the other hand benthic coverage was evaluated using the software Coral Point Count (CPCe) 4.0. Results. Families with highe...

  3. Thermic Attenuation on Concrete Sidewalk under Urban Trees. Case Study: Santa Marta – Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Carlos Devia; Andrés Torres

    2012-01-01

    Background and Purpose: Urban trees provide a number of services including shade and thermal attenuation. This is related to morphological and physiological characteristics of trees and may vary between species and even between individuals of the same species. The aim of this work was to identify thermic attenuations on concrete sidewalks under six tropical urban trees with six different types of shadows. Material and Methods: In Santa Marta City, Colombia (10º12´20” N, 74º13´33” W, 10 met...

  4. Santa Marta en la independencia: entre el pragmatismo y la insurrección

    OpenAIRE

    Juan Manuel Martinez Fonseca

    2011-01-01

    La independencia de Santa Marta se caracterizó por elementos de resistencia al cambio. De hecho, fue solamente hasta 1823 que el ejército patriota logró finalmente tomar la plaza; esta situación tan atípica y la tendencia a mantener lealtad a la corona española se explica, realizando un ejercicio de rastreo de los procesos históricos que vivió la ciudad durante el siglo XVIII y las primeras décadas del siglo XIX, a partir del indiscutible papel del contrabando en los negocios realizados por l...

  5. Hepatitis fulminante en la Sierra Nevada: Una forma de superinfección del virus delta con el virus de la hepatitis B.

    OpenAIRE

    Alvaro Villanueva; Patricia A. Fraser; Rafael García; Pedro Ospino; Pedro Ariza; Thomas O' Brien

    1992-01-01

    Durante septiembre de 1980 a octubre de 1983, se realizó un estudio seroepidemiológico para hepatitis A y B, en 258 personas en una ciudad (Santa Marta) población de 250.000 y tres pequeños municipios (Santa Rosalía, Julio Zawady y Aracataca), poblaciones de 768, 800 y 5.000 habitantes respectivamente. La presencia de hepatitis A se encontró en un 77 a 93% (IgG Hepatitis A). Hbs Ag o Anti-Hbs Ag en 30.5% de la población en dos municipios (Santa Rosalía y Julio Zawady), en 2.5% en el municipio...

  6. Hepatitis fulminante en la Sierra Nevada: Una forma de superinfección del virus delta con el virus de la hepatitis B.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alvaro Villanueva

    1992-06-01

    Full Text Available Durante septiembre de 1980 a octubre de 1983, se realizó un estudio seroepidemiológico para hepatitis A y B, en 258 personas en una ciudad (Santa Marta población de 250.000 y tres pequeños municipios (Santa Rosalía, Julio Zawady y Aracataca, poblaciones de 768, 800 y 5.000 habitantes respectivamente. La presencia de hepatitis A se encontró en un 77 a 93% (IgG Hepatitis A. Hbs Ag o Anti-Hbs Ag en 30.5% de la población en dos municipios (Santa Rosalía y Julio Zawady, en 2.5% en el municipio de Aracataca y 48.5% en la ciudad de Santa Marta. La presencia del Agente Delta (Anti-delta en el suero se determinó también en estas mismas poblaciones, encontrándose ausente en la ciudad y uno de los municipios (Aracataca, en contraste con una prevalencia de 13.7% y 22% en Julio Zawady y Santa Rosalía (P: 0.0001. Se excluyeron por historia clínica, antecedentes de drogadicción, transfusiones, o prácticas homosexuales, como mecanismos de transmisión de los virus B y delta. En veinte pacientes con diagnóstico histopalógico de hepatitis fulminante y en quienes se descartaron otras etiologías se demostró la presencia serológica de los virus de la hepatitis By Delta. De estos veinte, diez provenían de Julio Zawady y los otros diez de Santa Rosalía. La evolución clínica de esta enfermedad fue indistinguible de otras causas de falla hepática aguda. La mortalidad de estas formas fulminantes de hepatitis alcanzaron hasta un 65%. Los corticoides no modificaron el curso de esta enfermedad. La población joven mostró mayor compromiso y peor diagnóstico (P:0.033. La hepatitis fulminante de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta es el resultado de la superinfección con el virus Delta sobre la infección virus B. La aparición simultánea de casos intrafamiliares sugiere una relación importante entre los grupos comprometidos, aunque la forma exacta de transmisión permanece aún desconocida.

  7. Representaciones sociales del matrimonio en el adulto joven de la ciudad de Santa Marta

    OpenAIRE

    Otero Díaz, Javier

    2017-01-01

    Las representaciones sociales del matrimonio son una construcción social donde se configura el bagaje de conocimientos que tienen las personas sobre el concepto del matrimonio, las cuales establecen desde estas construcciones, una cosmovisión sobre el mundo y ellos mismos. Desde una mirada sistémica este estudio analizó las representaciones sociales que sobre el matrimonio poseen los jóvenes adultos de la ciudad de Santa Marta. Se trató de una investigación cualitativa de diseño fenomenológic...

  8. SIMULATION OF HYDRODYNAMIC CONDICTIONS AT SANTA MARTA COASTAL AREA (COLOMBIA

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    FRANCISCO GARCÍA

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Se determinaron las condiciones hidrodinámicas del Área Costera de Santa Marta, mediante el uso de un modelo hidrodinámico 3D. El modelo RMA10 fue previamente calibrado y validado para dos periodos diferentes del año (Época seca y de lluvias. Se encontró un buen grado de acercamiento entre las mediciones y las simulaciones. Para el año 2001 el modelo predijo las condiciones de magnitud y velocidad de corriente a 40 metros de profundidad en la columna de agua, encontrando corrientes máximas de 12 cm/s. La distribución de las magnitudes de corrientes mostraron una ocurrencia del 30% para el rango entre 2 y 4 cm/s, al igual que entre 4 y 6 cm/s, el eje principal de corriente fue 62-242 grados.

  9. El Hospital de Santa Marta de Sevilla: actividades y gestión económica (siglos XV a XVII

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    Hernández Borreguero, José Julián

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available During more than four centuries the Santa Marta Hospital of Seville developed the aim of his founder in 1404: give food to the poor. For this the Hospital rented their properties and could achieve its targets. All the economic process was supervised by the Cathedral Council of Seville. In this article the activities of this entity are analyzed through its accounting books.Durante más de cuatro siglos el Hospital de Santa Marta de Sevilla desempeñó la función que le encomendó su fundador en 1404: dar alimento a los pobres. Para ello contaba con la propiedad de una serie de bienes inmuebles que arrendaba y dotaciones económicas que le permitían desarrollar holgadamente sus fines. Toda su gestión económica era tutelada y supervisada por el Cabildo Catedral hispalense. En este artículo se analizan las actividades realizadas por esta entidad a partir de los registros contables conservados sobre su gestión económica.

  10. Characterization and testing of rock aggregates of the Santa Marta Batholith, (Colombia

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    Nancy Paola Figueroa Madero

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Aggregates of intrusive rocks are the major source of crushed fine and coarse aggregates for use in concrete in several countries and they have to meet a number of specifications relating to strength and durability. This research reports the evaluation of aggregates of granitoids and associated rocks of Santa Marta Batholith, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta Massif, Colombia, based on petrographic analysis and mechanical and chemical acceptance tests. The strength and durability of a particular rock type depends on its intrinsic characteristic, thus petrographic analysis is very important to understand its mechanical and chemical properties. Numerous standard tests used to ensure aggregates meet the appropriate specifications; however, petrographic analysis represents the most valuable test for predicting the overall performance of concrete aggregates in any control test. Aggregates were analyzed to determine their petrographic, physical, mechanical and chemical properties. Samples were categorized as hornblendite, gabbro, quartzmonzodiorite, monzodiorite and monzonite groups. Among these, of the quartzmonzodiorite was the dominant group. Specific gravity indicates values in the range 2673-2956kg/m3. Water absorption values are in the range 0.908-1.194%. Aggregate impact values of samples (37.82 to 61.36% showed good soundness only for one of the aggregates, which are considered acceptable for use in the preparation of a good quality concrete. Values of Methylene Blue Adsorption reveal the organic matter content is below the threshold. Magnesium sulphate values ranged between 0.11 and 4.75% suggesting good resistance against chemical atmospheric agents. The compressive strength test shows values in the range 35.22-59.45MPa indicating that the geomechanical behavior of rock cylinders is satisfactory. The geomechanical behavior of rock tablets under flexion is also satisfactory for SMA-2 sample (16.53MPa, although not for SMA-6 and SMA-8 samples

  11. Percepción de calidad como factor de competitividad de la infraestructura de hoteles en Santa Marta y Barranquilla

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    Carlos Labarcés Ballestas

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Los hoteles con categoría cinco estrellas en las ciudades de Barranquilla y Santa Marta tienen un papel determinante en el desarrollo del turismo de la región; la infraestructura de sus instalaciones y el servicio prestado por el personal, son los dos factores determinantes para brindar un servicio de calidad. En este trabajo se abordará el papel que juega la infraestructura de estos hoteles en la percepción de calidad que tienen los clientes, para establecer así el nivel de competitividad e internacionalización que estos presentan. En la primera parte se establece la percepción de los clientes con respecto a las instalaciones, utilizando el modelo HOTELQUAL, seguidamente se estudia la relación existente entre infraestructura y organización en estos hoteles. Por último, se describe la incidencia de la infraestructura y el servicio desde la óptica de los gerentes.Palabras clave: calidad del servicio; competitividad; industria hotelera; infraestructura; turismo.Quality perception as a competitiviness factor within hotels infraestructure in both Santa Marta and Barranquilla citiesAbstractThe five-star hotels in the cities of Barranquilla and Santa Marta have a decisive role in the development of tourism in the region, the infrastructure of their facilities and the service provided by the staff, are the two determinant factors to provide a quality service. In this paper is addressed the role of the infrastructure of these hotels in the perception of quality that customers have, in order to establish the level of competitiveness and internationalization they present. In the first part the customer perception regarding to facilities is established, using the model HOTELQUAL next the relationship between infrastructure and organization in these hotels is studied. Finally, it is described the impact of the infrastructure and the service from the perspective of the managers.Keywords: quality of service; competitiveness; hotel industry

  12. Reef fish community in presence of the lionfish (Pterois volitans in Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean

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    Rocío García-Urueña

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Objective. Fish species community structure and benthic organisms coverage were studied in five localities in Santa Marta where the lionfish is present. Materials and methods. Abundance of fish species, including lion fish, was established using 30 m random visual censuses and video transects; trophic guilds were established according to available references. On the other hand benthic coverage was evaluated using the software Coral Point Count (CPCe 4.0. Results. Families with higher species numbers were Serranidae, Labridae, and Pomacentridae. Lionfish abundances were low (2.6±2.1 ind/120 m2, but in any case Pterois volitans was observed as the eleventh more abundant species, surpassing species of commercial value such as Cephalopholis cruentata. Species that were found in larger numbers (>100, Thalassoma bifasciatum, Haemulon aurolineatum, Canthigaster rostrata, Abudefduf saxatilis, Chromis cyanea, and Stegastes partitus were mainly invertebrate eaters, planctivores, and territorial herbivores. Coral coverage showed higher coral percentages in Chengue (69.9% and Cinto (27.4%, larger sponge percentages in Morro (32.7%; Isla Aguja and Remanso showed the larger figures for abiotic substrate (41.6 and 37%, respectively; corals, sponges, and gorgonians were the components best explaining fish community, but not for the lion fish, which inhabit all studied reef formations. Conclusions. Lion fish is ranked between the 20 more abundant species, with none commercially important species larger, hence no species may qualify as a natural control. Lion fish has as well become a relatively abundant species in Santa Marta reefs, independent of benthic coverage.

  13. Estrategias gerenciales como mecanismo de responsabilidad social en el sector turístico de Santa Marta - Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    José de los Santos Zarate Díaz; Wilfrido Enrique Gutiérrez Ospino

    2014-01-01

    El propósito de este artículo es analizar las estrategias gerenciales como mecanismo de responsabilidad social en el sector turístico de Santa Marta, Colombia. Para tal efecto, se realizó revisión bibliográfica que permitió relacionar aspectos fundamentales de las estrategias gerenciales y la responsabilidad social como instrumento importante en cualquier corporación empresarial que persiga lograr objetivos para posicionarse en los mercados de servicios altamente competitivos. La revisión bib...

  14. Identificación de ácaros del polvo casero en colchones y almohadas de niños alérgicos de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Jainy Meza Navarro

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenLa prevalencia elevada de alergias en Colombia hace necesario investigar los factores que influye sobre su etiología. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la fauna de ácaros presente en los hogares de niños alérgicos de Santa Marta. Un total de 70 muestras de polvo fueron colectadas desde 42 casas por medio de la aspiración de colchones y almohadas, durante los meses de Julio a Octubre de 2007. Los ácaros fueron identificados bajo la luz de un microscopio usando claves taxonómicas, contados y expresados como ácaros por gramo de polvo. Los ácaros de la familia Pyroglyphidae fueron los más predominantes (84,58%, teniendo a Dermatophagoides farinae (23,85% como la especie más abundante, seguido por Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (7,31%. Otros ácaros prevalentes fueron Cheyletus spp, Euroglyphus maynei y Blomia tropicales, con niveles superiores a los 500 ácaros/ gramo, considerado como de alto riesgo para sensibilización alérgica. Estos resultados contribuyen al conocimiento de la fauna de ácaros del polvo casero de Santa Marta, importante para el diagnóstico y terapia de las alergias. (Duazary 2008; 1: 24 - 31.AbstractThe increasing prevalence of allergic diseases in Colombia makes necessary to research about factors that influence their etiology. The aim of this study was to investigate the mite fauna present in homes of allergic child from Santa Marta. A total of 70 samples were collected from 42 houses through vacuuming mattresses and pillows, during the months of July to October 2007. Mites were identified under light microscopy using taxonomic keys, count and expressed as mites per gram of dust. The prevalent mite family was Pyroglyphidae (84.58%, having Dermatophagoides farinae as the major specie (23.85%, followed by D. pteronyssinus. Other mites prevalent were Cheyletus spp, Euroglyphus maynei and Blomia tropicalis, with levels up to 500 mites/ gram, considered like of high risk for the allergic sensitization

  15. Características de las personas que consumaron suicidio en la ciudad de Santa Marta (Colombia durante el año 2002: un informe de casos

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    Guillermo Augusto Ceballos Ospino

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Antecedentes: A pesar de ser el suicidio un fenómeno creciente en el mundo existen pocos estudios del mismo en Colombia y, en particular, en la ciudad de Santa Marta. Las investigaciones señalan que la tasa estimada en las Américas oscila entre el dos y 13 por 100.000 habitantes aproximadamente, en Colombia las tasas de suicidio en han variado en forma importante durante los últimos 20 años oscilando entre tres y cinco por cada 100.000 habitantes. Mientras que la tasa para la ciudad de Santa Marta ha oscilado entre 3.3 y 7.8 por cada 100.000 habitantes en años recientes. Objetivo: Evaluar las características de las personas que consumaron el suicidio en Santa Marta, Colombia, durante el año 2002. Método: Estudio descriptivo. Se identificaron los casos de suicidios registrados por el Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses. Información adicional se obtuvo mediante una entrevista estructurada a familiares de las víctimas. Resultados: Un total de 14 casos de suicidio fue informado. Esto representa una tasa de 3.3 suicidios por cada 100.000 habitantes. La edad de las víctimas se encontró entre 14 y 44 años, con un promedio de 24.2 (DE 9.8. Nueve casos (64,2% eran varones y cinco (35.7% mujeres. La escolaridad mostró que siete casos (50% tenían bachillerato completo, cinco (35.7% bachillerato incompleto y dos (14.3% cursaron básica primaria. Doce sujetos (85.7% estaban solteros y dos (14.3% vivían en unión libre y diez casos (71.4% eran estrato socioeconómico bajo y 4 (28.6% de estrato medio bajo. Conclusiones: La tasa de suicidio en Santa Marta es comparable al promedio nacional y se encuentra en el rango informado para el continente americano. Se necesita mayor investigación de este problema de salud pública. SUMMARYBackground: Although the suicide is a growing phenomenon in the world there are not many studies about it in Colombia and particularly in Santa Marta. Investigations show suicide rate in the Americas among

  16. Brote de rabia urbana transmitida por perros en el distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia, 2006-2008

    OpenAIRE

    Páez, Andrés; Rey, Gloria; Agudelo, Carlos; Dulce, Álvaro; Parra, Edgar; Díaz-Granados, Hernando; Heredia, Damaris; Polo, Luis

    2009-01-01

    Introducción. En el distrito de Santa Marta ocurrió un brote de rabia urbana entre abril de 2006 y enero de 2008, con cuatro casos fatales en humanos y 28 en perros. Objetivos. Describir el brote, las técnicas de diagnóstico de laboratorio y las acciones de control de foco empleadas. Medir el impacto de la vacunación antirrábica canina en términos de seroconversión de anticuerpos neutralizantes. Discutir el significado epidemiológico y las implicaciones en salud pública. Materiales y métodos....

  17. Brote de rabia urbana transmitida por perros en el distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia, 2006-2008

    OpenAIRE

    Andrés Páez; Gloria Rey; Carlos Agudelo; Alvaro Dulce; Edgar Parra; Hernando Díaz-Granados; Damaris Heredia; Luis Polo

    2009-01-01

    Introducción. En el distrito de Santa Marta ocurrió un brote de rabia urbana entre abril de 2006 y enero de 2008, con cuatro casos fatales en humanos y 28 en perros. Objetivos. Describir el brote, las técnicas de diagnóstico de laboratorio y las acciones de control de foco empleadas. Medir el impacto de la vacunación antirrábica canina en términos de seroconversión de anticuerpos neutralizantes. Discutir el significado epidemiológico y las implicaciones en salud pública. Materiales y mé...

  18. Studies on Colombian cryptogams XX. A transect analysis of the bryophyte vegetation along an altitudinal gradient on the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Reenen, van G.B.A.; Gradstein, S.R.

    1983-01-01

    Along an altitudinal transect on the northern slope of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, 500-4100 m, five altitudinal bryophyte zones are distinguished – four forest zones and one páramo zone – based on ecosystem relevé analysis concerning species presence, substrate preference and

  19. Identidad personal y profesional de los docentes de preescolar en el distrito de Santa Marta Identidade pessoal e profissional dos docentes de pré-escolar no distrito de Santa Marta Personal and Professional Identity of Pre-School Teachers in the Santa Marta district

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    María Dilia Mieles-Barrera

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available El artículo presenta la investigación desarrollada por el Grupo de Investigación en Educación Infantil de la Universidad del Magdalena, en Santa Marta, Colombia. Los objetivos de la investigación fueron: generar entre los participantes procesos de reflexión y reconocimiento sobre los aspectos que los caracterizan, a nivel personal y profesional; explorar la percepción que sobre ellos tienen los demás docentes, directivos docentes y los padres de familia, e indagar por las expectativas que tienen todos estos actores sobre lo que debería ser la educación de los niños y niñas preescolares. Los principales hallazgos dan cuenta de una identidad personal, caracterizada por: sentido de pertenencia a la cultura caribe, religiosidad, alta valoración de la unidad familiar, capacidad de autocrítica y presencia de temores. En la dimensión profesional se destacan la apertura al cambio, la disposición para el trabajo en equipo, la recursividad y la falta de cualificación y actualización. En general, la población participante en la investigación considera que la educación preescolar es poco valorada en el ámbito de las políticas públicas en educación, y que se requieren cambios fundamentales en el sentido y orientación de este nivel educativo.Este artigo é o resultado da pesquisa levada a cabo pelo Grupo de Pesquisa em Educação Infantil da Universidad del Magdalena em Santa Marta, Colômbia. Os objetivos foram: fomentar nos participantes processos de reflexão e reconhecimento acerca dos aspetos pessoais e profissionais que os caracterizam; explorar a percepção dos docentes, diretivos docentes e pais sobre eis, e pesquisar as expectativas destes atores sobre o que deveria ser a educação dos meninos e das meninas pré-escolares. Os resultados mostram que existe uma identidade caracterizada pelo senso de filiação à cultura caribe, religiosidade, alta valoração da unidade familiar, capacidade de autocrítica e presencia de

  20. Reproducción de la raya eléctrica Narcine bancroftii (Torpediniformes: Narcinidae en Santa Marta, Caribe colombiano Reproduction of the electric ray Narcine bancroftii (Torpediniformes: Narcinidae in Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean

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    Fabián Moreno

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Se analizaron aspectos reproductivos de la raya eléctrica Narcine bancroftii, capturada como bycatch con una red playera de cerco en dos playas del sector de El Rodadero, Santa Marta, Caribe colombiano. Los ejemplares fueron sexados, pesados y medidos, se identificó su estado de desarrollo gonadal mediante características morfológicas externas e internas. Se evaluó la condición reproductiva con el comportamiento de los índices biológicos (gonadosomático IGS y hepatosomático IHS y la talla a la madurez sexual (l50%. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el IGS tiene un máximo anual entre septiembre y diciembre cuando probablemente ocurre la cópula. El IHS presentó su mayor valor en enero, cuando termina su periodo reproductivo. La talla media de madurez en hembras fue de 32,2 cm y en machos de 20,2 a 22,9 cm. El período de gestación es de cuatro meses y las crías nacen de febrero a abril.This paper provides information about reproductive aspects of the electric ray Narcine bancroftii, caught as bycatch with beach seines in two beaches of El Rodadero, Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean, between August (2005 and October (2006. The electric rays obtained were separate by sex, weighed and measured; the development of reproductive stage was identified by external and internal characteristics. The reproductive condition was determinate by (gonadosomatic GSI and hepatosomatic HSI indexes and the size at sexual maturity (l50%. The results showed that the GSI has one peak at year between September and December when probably the copulation carried out, the HSI presented its highest value in January, which corresponds to the end of the reproductive period. The size at sexual maturity was 32.2 cm in females and it was between 20.2 and 22.9 cm in males. We propose that the gestation period extends during four months, starting with the birth of individuals in February and finishing in April.

  1. Estudio del clima organizacional en una empresa prestadora de servicios en salud ocupacional de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Lilibeth Pedraza Álvarez

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El Clima organizacional (CO se caracteriza por ser un conjunto de elementos que están presentes en los entornos laborales, la importancia de este radica en que interviene en la conducta del trabajador, la cual se ve influida por la percepción que se tenga de su organización, es así como se determina la motivación del empleado para desarrollar una tarea, los ambientes laborales tensos influyen de manera directa en todas las dimensiones que componen el CO como las relaciones interpersonales, liderazgos, entre otras. Por lo anterior, el objetivo principal de la presente investigación fue identificar el CO, en una empresa prestadora de servicios en salud ocupacional de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia. Se utilizó el tipo de investigación cuantitativo, un diseño descriptivo trasversal, no experimental. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la organización cuenta con un CO adecuado, entre las mayores fortalezas se encuentran las relaciones interpersonales y la comunicación adecuada de los empleados con los jefes.Palabras Clave: Clima Organizacional; empresa; empleados; organización.Study of organizational climate in a provider now in occupational health services of the city of Santa Marta, Colombia.AbstractOrganizational Climate (CO , is characterized by a set of elements that are present in the work environment , the importance of this is that involved in the conduct of the worker , which is influenced by the perception that one has of his organization, and employee motivation is determined to develop a task, tense work environments directly influence all dimensions that make up the CO as interpersonal relationships , leadership , among others. Therefore the main objective of this research was to identify the CO, a company that provides occupational health services in the city of Santa Marta, Colombia. type of quantitative research, a cross-sectional descriptive design was used not experimental . The results show that the organization

  2. El apoyo real. Relaciones político-militares entre dos ciudades realistas: Santa Marta y la Habana durante 1810- 1815

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    Jorge Enrique Elías Caro

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se hará un análisis de las relaciones político-militares que se suscitaron durante el proceso independentista entre Santa Marta en el Caribe Neogranadino y la Habana en Cuba. Así mismo, se explicarán ciertas particularidades de las guerras navales, fluviales y terrestres que sostuvieron estas ciudades realistas con otras que defendían la causa emancipadora, durante el periodo comprendido entre 1810-1815.

  3. Medición del clima organizacional en empresa carbonera de la ciudad de Santa Marta 2010

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    Laureano José Navarro Villalba

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract This research paper presents the results of a study which aim was to determine the organizational climate in a company in the productive sector in Santa Marta city in 2010. The type of design used was a descriptive cross-sectional and the sample was 104 employees selected by simple random method. The Instrument Measure Organizational Climate to Colombian Companies (IMCOC was applied. The organizational climate of the studied company is in the range of weakness to get the average of all variables (4.99. Variables Take decisions with 3.33 as a minimum score and Goal as maximum score with 5.61 influence strongly for the before average. We concluded that organizational climate prevailing in the enterprise is not the best to be in the range of weakness, although it is in upper limit. Resumen El presente artículo de investigación muestra los resultados de un estudio cuyo objetivo fue determinar el Clima Organizacional en una empresa del sector productivo en la ciudad de Santa Marta en el año 2010. El tipo de diseño utilizado fue el descriptivo transversal y la muestra fue de 104 empleados seleccionados por el método aleatorio simple. Se les aplicó el Instrumento de Medición de Clima Organizacional para Empresas Colombianas (IMCOC. El Clima Organizacional de la empresa estudiada se encuentra en el rango de debilidad, al obtener el promedio de todas sus variables (4.99. Para este promedio influye mucho la variable Toma de Decisiones que logró un 3.33 como puntaje mínimo y la variable Objetivo como puntaje máximo con 5.61. Se concluyó que el Clima Organizacional imperante en la empresa no es el mejor al estar en el rango de debilidad, aunque en su límite superior.

  4. Flujos de nutrientes en un banco de ostras de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Gómez López Diana Isabel

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available Water flow through a plastic tunnel (1OL x 0.80W x 0.30H m was used to determine nutrient retention and release rates over two substrates (with and without oysters in a natural oyster bank at the northeastern end of the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta. In general terms, nutrient fluxes are inversally related to the water flow. Values obtained over the substrate without oysters were higher than those observed over the substrate with oysters. Such differences can be explained by the low oyster density in the area and the great microbial activity and typical sediment diffusion processes in this estuarine ecosystem.Un flujo de agua a través de un túnel plástico (10 L x 0.80 W x 0.30H m fue utilizado para determinar las tasas de liberación-retención de amonio y fosfatos sobre dos tipos de sustratos (con y sin ostras en un banco de ostras en el sector nororiental de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta. En general se observa que los flujos de amonio y fosfatos son inversamente proporcionales al caudal de agua, y que los valores obtenidos en el sustrato sin ostras son mayores comparados a los obtenidos en el sustrato con ostras. Estas diferencias entre los sustratos pueden haberse debido a la baja densidad de ostras en el área (7.5 ostras/ m2 y a la gran actividad microbiana y procesos de difusión de los sedimentos característicos de este ecosistema estuarino.

  5. Estrategias gerenciales como mecanismo de responsabilidad social en el sector turístico de Santa Marta - Colombia

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    José de los Santos Zarate Díaz

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este artículo es analizar las estrategias gerenciales como mecanismo de responsabilidad social en el sector turístico de Santa Marta, Colombia. Para tal efecto, se realizó revisión bibliográfica que permitió relacionar aspectos fundamentales de las estrategias gerenciales y la responsabilidad social como instrumento importante en cualquier corporación empresarial que persiga lograr objetivos para posicionarse en los mercados de servicios altamente competitivos. La revisión bibliográfica consultada considera que las estrategias competitivas son de singular importancia para el éxito de los negocios, y que las empresas deben considerar la responsabilidad social como una filosofía corporativa para lograr mantener el éxito económico en los mercados internacionales. El estilo gerencial es el resultado de la epistemología de la gerencia y de las experiencias que cada persona adquiere durante el ejercicio profesional. La base teórica de la gerencia tiene sus fundamentos en los paradigmas moderno, postmoderno y transmoderno. Teorías de autores como Philip. Kotler, Michael Porter, Peter Drucker, Peter Senge y Edgar Morín, deben ser reconocidas y aplicadas por cada gerente para mantener la competitividad y sostenibilidad de la organización. Por lo tanto, es importante desarrollar estilos gerenciales que puedan responder a las exigencias del mercado globalizado.Palabras clave: Estrategia; gerencia; turismo; responsabilidad social empresarial.Management strategies as a mechanism of social responsibility in the tourism sector in Santa Marta-ColombiaAbstract The purpose of this article is to analyze the management strategies as a mechanism for social responsibility in the tourism sector in Santa Marta Colombia, for this purpose bibliographical review that relate key aspects of management strategies and social responsibility as an important tool in any corporation held achieve business objectives for pursuing a position in

  6. Sociocultural factors influencing control and prevention of vector-borne diseases: The case of zika in Santa Marta (Colombia, 2015-2016.

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    Astrid Lorena Perafán Ledezma

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available Durante el año 2016, el grupo de Investigación en Diversidad Humana (IDHUM de la Universidad del Magdalena inició un proceso de investigación sobre conocimientos, percepciones y prácticas en torno al Zika y su vector en la ciudad de Santa Marta. Dado lo relevante del tema para la salud pública, consideramos pertinente comunicar a través de este medio algunos de nuestros hallazgos antes de terminar la investigación y que esta se publique en su totalidad.

  7. Sindrome de desgaste profesional (burnout en médicos especialistas de un hospital universitario, de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Robert Ferrel

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenDiversas investigaciones han señalado una estrecha relación entre el síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo o de desgaste profesional (burnout y los problemas de salud, relacionando al burnout como una de las causas del deterioro de las condiciones de trabajo y fuente de la accidentalidad y absentismo laboral, especialmente en profesionales de la salud y la educación. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer y describir la existencia del síndrome de burnout en médicos especialistas que laboran en un Hospital Universitario de tercer nivel de la Ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia. La población estuvo conformada por 56 médicos especialistas vinculados a dicha Institución, a los cuales se les aplicó el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI, teniendo en cuenta la edad, especialización y tiempo de vinculación. Los datos fueron procesados por el Software SPSS, 15.0v, haciendo uso de la estadística descriptiva para establecer el nivel de burnout en esta población. Se encontró un alto nivel de agotamiento emocional (94,6% en comparación con las otras dos variables, estando la despersonalización (53,6% y la falta de realización personal (53,6 en un nivel medio, estableciéndose la presencia del síndrome de burnout en un nivel medio en los médicos especialistas del Hospital Universitario. Estos resultados concuerdan con otros estudios similares. Los autores recomiendan continuar con otros estudios incluyendo nuevas variables, así como acciones organizacionales y personales para prevenir el estrés laboral fuente del burnout y mejorar la calidad de los servicios de salud en el Distrito de Santa Marta. (DUAZARY 2010, 29 - 40Abstract Various studies have indicated a close relationship between the syndrome of burnout or burnout (burnout and health problems, relating to the syndrome as a cause of deteriorating working conditions and the source of accidents and absenteeism workforce, especially in healthcare and education. This

  8. CALIDAD DEL AGUA EN EL ÁREA COSTERA DE SANTA MARTA (COLOMBIA

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    FRANCISCO GARCÍA

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Se usaron técnicas de análisis estadístico multivariado, para determinar la variación temporal y espacial de la calidad del agua en la zona costera de Santa Marta, donde se ubica un emisario submarino que descarga 1 m3/s de aguas residuales domésticas. La ANOVA de dos vías, los análisis de clúster y de componentes principales mas la interpolación de krigging, fueron considerados para este análisis. En la variación temporal se encontraron diferencias que marcan en el año dos periodos de tiempos heterogéneos, de diciembre a abril la concentración de los parámetros de calidad del agua es más alta. El resto del año (mayo, junio, agosto - noviembre, exceptuando el mes de julio donde se presentaron concentraciones altas, se registran concentraciones sensiblemente inferiores. En la variación espacial se reportan dos grupos de áreas en las cuales la calidad del agua es diferente, dicha diferencia está relacionada con la cercanía a la descarga del emisario submarino.

  9. Resultados del programa de tamizaje para cáncer de cuello uterino en el distrito de Santa Marta durante el año 2011

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    José Abraham Jaramillo Osorio

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Title: Screening program results for cervical cancer in the district of Santa Marta for the year 2011ResumenEl cáncer de cuello uterino es un problema de salud pública en Colombia. En el departamento del Magdalena se han detectado deficiencias en la oferta de los programas de tamizaje, lo cual se traduce en bajas cifras de cobertura. Este trabajo analiza el comportamiento del programa durante el año 2011 en la ciudad de Santa Marta. Resultados: Se llevaron a cabo 10.218 citologías, 740 (7,23 % de las cuales fueron reportadas como anormales, 493 (4,82 % como lesión escamosa intraepitelial de bajo grado (LEIBG, 86 (0,84 % como lesión escamosa intraepitelial de alto grado (LEIAG, y 8 casos (0,07 % de carcinoma invasor. Un total de 1.164 (11,37 % citologías fueron realizadas a pacientes por primera vez. Conclusiones: Se debe incrementar la cobertura, si se tiene en cuenta que el Distrito identifica un caso de carcinoma in situ por cada 100 pacientes que tamiza (1 %; igualmente, se deben vigilar sectores y grupos sociales identificados en los cuales la proporción de anormalidades citológicas es mayor.AbstractCervical cancer is a public health problem in Colombia. In the department of Magdalena deficiencies have been detected in offering screening programs which results in low coverage figures. This paper analyzes the behavior of the program in 2011 in the city of Santa Marta. Results: 10.218 cytologies were done, 740 (7, 23% were abnormal, 493 (4,82 low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL, 86 (0,84% high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL and 8 (0,07% invasive cancer. 1164 (11,37% smears were performed on patients for the first time. Conclusions: We should increase the coverage if you consider that the district identifies 1 case of carcinoma in situ per 100 patients screened (1%; monitor identified sectors and social groups in which the proportion of cytological abnormalities is higher.Keywords: Cytology; uterine cervical

  10. Water quality in the coastal area of Santa Marta (Colombia)

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    Garcia Francisco; Palacio Carlos; Garcia Uriel

    2012-01-01

    Multivariate statistical techniques were used to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of water quality at the Santa Marta coastal area where a submarine out fall that discharges 1 m3/s of domestic wastewater is located. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), cluster and principal component analysis and Krigging interpolation were considered for this report. Temporal variation showed two heterogeneous periods. From December to April, and July, where the concentration of the water quality parameters is higher; the rest of the year (May, June, August-November) were significantly lower. The spatial variation reported two areas where the water quality is different, this difference is related to the proximity to the submarine out fall discharge. Calcareous sands are unique in terms of their origin, mineralogy, shape, fragility and intra particle porosity. This article presents results from an experimental program carried out to study the liquefaction resistance of a calcareous sand retrieved from Cabo Rojo at Puerto Rico. The experimental program included mineralogical characterization, index properties, and undrained cyclic triaxial tests on isotropically consolidated reconstituted samples. Due to the large variation in the calcareous sand properties, results are compared with previous researches carried out on other calcareous sands around the world. Results showed a wide range in the liquefaction resistance of the studied calcareous sands. Cabo Rojo sand experienced greater liquefaction resistance than most of the calcareous sands used for comparison. Important differences in the excess pore pressure generation characteristics were also found.

  11. Parasitismo intestinal y malnutrición en niños residentes en una zona vulnerable de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia.

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    Sonja Liliana Lozano Socarras

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenLas infecciones parasitarias intestinales son un problema importante de salud pública en Colombia. La exposición temprana y frecuente a enteroparásitos se ha relacionado con retardo en el crecimiento y desarrollo psicomotor y cognitivo de los niños; además, las larvas de nematodos pueden migrar a órganos vitales como hígado, pulmón, ganglios linfáticos y cerebro ocasionando lesiones en estos. El presente estudio tuvo como propósito establecer la frecuencia de parasitismo intestinal y malnutrición en una población de 392 niños con edades entre 3 y 5 años, residentes en tres barrios subnormales de la ciudad de Santa Marta. Para evaluar la condición nutricional de los niños, se midieron los índices antropométricos peso para la edad (RPE y talla para la edad (RTE. La frecuencia de parásitos intestinales fue del 55,1% (216/392, los parásitos con potencial patogenicidad fueron Entamoeba histolytica (19,9%, Giardia duodenalis (12,7%, Blastocystis hominis (11,7%, y Áscaris lumbricoides (10,7%. El poli-parasitismo estuvo presente en el 17,3% de la población (65/392. La malnutrición aguda se observó en el 41,8% y la crónica en el 30,1% de los niños. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre las parasitismo general y la RPE (p= 0,0235, pero la correlación entre el parasitismo y la RTE no fue significativa (p= 0,11. El presente resultado demuestra que la frecuencia de infecciones por parásitos intestinales es alta en la población infantil vulnerable de Santa Marta, no obstante, no es posible asegurar que exista una relación causa-efecto entre el parasitismo y el déficit nutricional. (DUAZARY 2010, 205 - 210AbstractThe intestinal parasitic infections are an important public health problem in Colombia. The early and frequent exposure to the enteroparasites has been related with delay growth and delay psychomotor and mental development of children; in addition, the nematodes larvae can migrate to

  12. Presencia del maltrato y abuso sexual en el hogar de estudiantes de secundaria en tres colegios públicos de la ciudad de Santa Marta – Magdalena- (Colombia

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    Yuris Maria Batista Vargas

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Title: Presence of abuse and sexual abuse in the home of high school students in three public schools of the city of Santa Marta - Magdalena-(Colombia.ResumenEl presente estudio se fundamentó en identificar la presencia del maltrato infantil y abuso sexual en el hogar de estudiantes adolescentes, matriculados para el año 2011 en tres colegios públicos de estrato uno de la ciudad de Santa Marta – Magdalena. La muestra estuvo conformada por 230 participantes, en edades entre 14 y 16 años, quienes fueron evaluados a través del ISPCAN, versión para niños/as (ICAST-C. Los resultados señalan la existencia del maltrato físico (13%, psicológico (29% y de abuso sexual (32%. Por otra parte, se encontró que el género femenino obtuvo mayor porcentaje en el maltrato de tipo físico y sexual, mientras que los varones presentan mayor  porcentaje de maltrato psicológico. Se concluye que uno de cada tres estudiantes ha sido objeto de los tipos de abuso en estudio. (DUAZARY 2013 No. 1, 67 - 72AbstractThis study was based on identifying the presence of child abuse and sexual abuse in the home of teenage students, enrolled for 2011 in three public schools in tier one of the city of Santa Marta - Magdalena. The sample consisted of 230 participants, aged between 14 and 16 years, who were evaluated through ISPCAN, children’s version / as (ICAST-C. The results indicate the existence of physical abuse (13%, psychological (29% and sexual abuse (32%. Moreover, it was found that female scored higher percentage of physical abuse and sexual abuse, while males have a higher rate of psychological abuse. It is concluded that one in three students has been the subject of study types of abuse.Keywords: violence; sexual violence; university

  13. Representación social del trabajo en jóvenes que culminan sus estudios de bachillerato en el distrito de Santa Marta

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    Paola Diazgranados Rinconez

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación que tuvo como objetivo identificar las representaciones sociales sobre el trabajo en jóvenes que están culminando sus estudios de educación media en el distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia, desde los postulados de Serge Moscovici. Este estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal reclutó 377 estudiantes de sexo femenino y masculino con edades entre los 15 y 20 años. La recolección de la información se efectuó con el Cuestionario de Representación Social sobre el trabajo para jóvenes (CRST-J validado por jueces expertos y un alpha de 0,888. Para el análisis de los resultados se utilizaron pruebas estadísticas. Las representaciones sociales del trabajo están caracterizadas por un concepto social con preferencia expresiva o intrínseca. Abstract This paper shows the results of an investigation aimed to identify the social representations about the job of young people who are finishing their secondary education in the District of Santa Marta, Colombia; from the postulates of Serge Moscovici. This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited 377 female and male students between 15 and 20 years old. The collection of information was performed with the Social Representation Questionnaire on Youth Work (CRST-J validated by expert judges and with an alpha of 0.888. For analysis of the results statistical tests were used. Social representations of work are characterized by a social concept with expressive or intrinsic preference.

  14. Comportamiento de la gingivitis crónica en adolescentes de la Secundaria Básica “Jesús Fernández”. Santa Marta, Cárdenas

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    Zaldívar Bernal, Hilda Lídice; Cid Rodríguez, María del Carmen; Sánchez Gay, Juana María; Montes de Oca Ramos, Rebeca

    2014-01-01

    La gingivitis es la enfermedad periodontal más frecuente que afecta tanto a los adolescentes como a los pacientes adultos. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal con el objetivo de conocer la prevalencia de gingivitis en adolescentes entre 12 y 14 años de edad de la ESBU “Jesús Fernández Rodríguez”, del Consejo Popular Santa Marta, municipio Cárdenas, en el período comprendido de enero a julio de 2011. Los adolescentes fueron caracterizados según variables sociodemográfic...

  15. Ideación suicida, depresión y autoestima en adolescentes escolares de Santa Marta

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    Guillermo Augusto Ceballos-Ospino

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available El presente estudio buscó establecer la relación existente entre depresión, autoestima e ideación suicida en estudiantes adolescentes de media vocacional en Santa Marta. La evaluación se efectuó a través del Inventario de Depresión de Beck, la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, la Escala de Ideación Suicida de Beck y de un cuestionario socio demográfico. La muestra estuvo conformada por 242 estudiantes entre 15 a 19 años (Media=15 DesvTip=15.3, escogidos a través de un muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Los resultados muestran que el existe relación entre la ideación suicida y depresión (r=0.295 Sig=0.00, así como con la autoestima baja (r=-0.209 Sig=0.00. Dentro de las principales conclusiones se encuentra que los adolescentes con mejor autoestima y baja depresión poseen menor probabilidad de ideación suicida.

  16. Estimación de un modelo hedónico para el precio de los predios en las áreas de Pozos Colorados, Bello Horizonte y Don Jaca de la ciudad de Santa Marta D.T.C.H, Colombia

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    Edwin Causado Rodríguez

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad identificar mediante la aplicación del método de precios hedónicos expresado en un modelo econométrico, las variables determinantes del valor de los predios de las áreas de Pozos Colorados, Bello Horizonte y Don Jaca de la ciudad de Santa Marta, incluyendo la variable ambiental en la cuantificación económica de este. Este estudio, es de gran importancia debido a que en Colombia y, sobre todo, en el departamento del Magdalena, concretamente en la ciudad de Santa Marta, no se han realizado estudios de valoración económica con inclusión de la variable ambiental y tampoco de cuantificación de impacto ambiental en el valor de un predio expuesto a una externalidad del sector productivo. A través de la metodología de precios hedónicos, se pretendió evaluar información actualizada de precios de predios para el año 2005; identificando seis variables, de las cuales sólo una resultó no tener ninguna relevancia, ni incidencia sobre el precio de los predios del área de estudio, siendo esta la de estrato. En cuanto a las cinco variables restantes; superficie del terreno (M2, área construida (M2, proximidad al puerto de PRODECO, proximidad a la playa y proximidad a vía de acceso principal y de circulación de tractomulas que transportan carbón (Troncal del Caribe, mostraron tener incidencias sobre el precio del suelo de las área de Pozos Colorados, Bello Horizonte y Don Jaca de la ciudad de Santa Marta D.T.C.H, incluyendo la variable ambiental en el precio de estos predios.Palabras Clave: Precios Hedónicos; Precio del Suelo; Valoración económica; Impacto Ambiental Carbón; Pozos Colorados; Bello Horizonte; Don Jaca. Estimate of a hedonistic model for the Price of properties in the áreas of Pozos Colorados, Bello Horizonte and Don Jaca of the city of Santa Marta D.T.C.H, Colombia.AbstractThe purpose of this article is to identify the determining variables of the price of real estate in the

  17. Degradation of aldrin by bacillus licheniformis, isolated from water and sediment from the Cienaga Grande, Santa Marta, Colombia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sanchez Diazgranados, Jose Gregorio; Henry Lopez, Carlos Andres

    2012-01-01

    The bacterium bacillus licheniformis was isolated from sediment and water samples from estuary lagoon Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM), Colombian Caribbean. The aim of the work was to use this microorganism as an alternative in the degradation of organic persistent pollutants. b. licheniformis was able to tolerate aerobic conditions and concentrations of the pesticide organochlorine, aldrin. The test was made during 30 days with 60 ng/l of aldrin in order to evaluate the degradation capacity of this bacterium. Identification and isolation of b. licheniformis was made through morphological (gram test), as well as biochemical characterization (bbl crystal system). Aldrin concentration was determined by gas chromatography. Results show that b. licheniformis had a degradation capacity of 24% from total concentration. Factors like solar light exposition and volatilization had an extra influence of 31% on aldrin degradation.

  18. Informação, cidadania e inclusão digital : estudo de comunidade na Favela Santa Marta, Rio de Janeiro/RJ

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    Patrícia Mallmann Souto Pereira

    2014-01-01

    O tema desta tese é informação, cidadania e inclusão digital, num contexto de favela. Teve como objetivo geral: compreender como se dá a relação entre informação, cidadania e inclusão digital, tendo como campo empírico a favela Santa Marta, localizada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro/RJ. O marco teórico partiu de três conceitos principais: informação, cidadania e inclusão digital. A definição de informação adotada na pesquisa se fundamenta no paradigma social da área de Ciência da Informação. O co...

  19. Potencial cosechable de la Ostra Crassostrea rhizophorae (Guilding, en la ciénaga grande de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Carlos A. Hernández J.

    1987-01-01

    Full Text Available The potencial standing crop of oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae has been calculated as 938,6 tons oyster meat per year (wet-weight for market sized oyster, in the northern zone of the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta. It has been estimated that the oyster-bank area within this zones covers 3.000.000 sq.m. The calculated actual oyster standing crop for that area during this research (April-November 1982 was 3,9 tons of oyster-meat (wet-weight and the actual catch 2,0 tons (in the same period. This reduction in the actual standing crop of oyster is mainly the result of: 1. The low prolonged salinity and the sediment causes mass mortality on oyster population; 2. Deterioration of the quality and available amounts of supporting shell substratum, required by oyster seedling attach and growth until they reach comercial size.

  20. Forma de cuidarse las gestantes adolescentes y adultas de las comunas una y cinco en Santa Marta

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    Mirith Vásquez Munive

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenEl cuidado es una experiencia humana holística, que permite conservar la vida y las condiciones de salubridad y adaptarse a situaciones cambiantes. La enfermería tiene como eje central la ciencia del cuidado. Por eso es de gran importancia conocer cuáles son las prácticas de cuidado que tienen las gestantes, y si hay diferencias en este cuidado entre las gestantes adolescentes y las adultas. Para responder este interrogante, se realizó un estudio comparativo en la ciudad de Santa Marta donde, a través de un muestreo intencional por conveniencia, se estudiaron 47 gestantes adolescentes y 92 gestantes adultas. Se valoraron las prácticas de cuidado en cuanto a alimentación, estimulación prenatal, ejercicio y descanso, higiene y cuidados personales, sistemas de apoyo y consumo de sustancias no beneficiosas. Se concluyó que en ambos grupos las prácticas son regulares. La adulta estimula mas a su hijo por nacer, tiene mejores prácticas de higiene y sistemas de apoyo y consumen menos sustancia no beneficiosas. La adolescente tiene mejor práctica de ejercicio y descanso y la alimentación es regular en ambos grupos. (Duazary 2009 I; 31-37AbstractThe care is a holistic human experience that allows to conserve the life and the health conditions and to adapt to changing situations. Infirmary has as central axis the science of the care, for that reason it is of great importance to know which they are the practices of care that have the pregnancy, and if there are differences in this care between the teenager pregnancy and the mature pregnancy. To respond this query, was carried out a comparative study in Santa Marta's city, where through an intentional sampling for convenience 47 teenager pregnancy and 92 mature pregnancy. were studied. The practices of care were valued as for feeding, prenatal stimulation, exercise and rest, hygiene and personal cares, support systems and non beneficial substances. You concluded that in both groups the

  1. El municipio de Pajapan en la Sierra de Santa Marta (Veracruz, México: un caso de resistencia indígena en la defensa del territorio y los recursos naturales para la sustentabilidad de los pueblos originarios del Gran Caribe.

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    Jesús Moreno Arriba

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El municipio de Pajapan, en la Sierra de Santa Marta (Veracruz, México, representa un caso paradigmático en la lucha por la defensa de las tierras comunales de las comunidades indígenas campesinas del Gran Caribe, recurriendo a distintos mecanismos de resistencia. Además, desde la implementación de metodología de investigación cualitativa, como la revisión bibliográfica y documental del tema de estudio, este trabajo ha identificado y analizado diversos proyectos de gestión de recursos naturales en el entorno geográfico de Pajapan y la Sierra de Santa Marta. Estas emergentes experiencias no gubernamentales se presentan como un posible modelo de desarrollo alternativo para intentar contribuir a mejorar la precaria situación actual (ecológica, demográfica y socioeconómica de los territorios tropicales y pueblos indígenas mesoamericanos del Gran Caribe.

  2. Evaluación del potencial para el desarrollo de turismo sostenible en el corregimiento de Taganga, distrito de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Camilo Botero

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available El turismo es la actividad económica más dinámica en Colombia. Dentro del Distrito de Santa Marta se encuentran dos de los tres mayores atractivos del país, según la guía Lonely Planet. Por su parte, el corregimiento de Taganga, que hace parte de Santa Marta, ha experimentado un importante crecimiento turístico en los últimos 15 años, pero desordenado y espontáneo. Este artículo busca evaluar la potencialidad que tiene Taganga, como pequeño destino turístico, de implementar un modelo de turismo sostenible. La metodología combinó una profunda recolección de información primaria, con diversos métodos para identificación y valoración del inventario turístico, descripción de las características actuales y tendencias del mercado turístico, evaluación de la imagen del destino turístico, identificación de impactos ambientales, evaluación de la sostenibilidad de la oferta turística, análisis de competitividad del destino y análisis del desarrollo turístico de acuerdo con el modelo TALC. Entre los principales resultados se destaca la baja sostenibilidad del modelo actual de turismo, acompañado de una irregular satisfacción de los turistas por los servicios y atractivos del corregimiento. Se identificaron cuatro segmentos turísticos en Taganga: a. mochileros (backpackers, b. turistas independientes, c. turistas nacionales y d. visitantes. Además, en el estudio se determinó que los turistas de naturaleza suave son los más deseables. Otro resultado para destacar es el mantenimiento constante de la imagen, a pesar de que Taganga haya cambiado sustancialmente en los últimos 15 años. Finalmente, se realizan recomendaciones para aprovechar las potencialidades de Taganga como destino sostenible, en especial siguiendo los requisitos de la norma técnica NTS-TS 001-1 del Viceministerio de Turismo de Colombia.

  3. Contents of cadmium, copper, zinc, and lead in organs of Rhizophora mangle in Sevilla River mouth - Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Naranjo Sanchez, Yury A; Troncoso, Olivo Walberto

    2008-01-01

    In order to determine the contents of cadmium, copper, zinc, and lead in leaves, stalks, and root of Rhizophora mangle, samples from three parcels located in the river Sevilla mouth - Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta, were taken in October 2003. Measures of metals concentrations were made through the Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry technique (ICP-AES). The results indicated that lead concentration in R. mangle organs was below method detection limit ≤38 g/g) except the absorbent root (16.3 g/g); and significant differences exist in the contents of cadmium, copper, zinc, and lead into R. mangle organs, following this concentration order: absorbent roots ≥ stalk ≥ young leaves ≥adult leaves ≥ aerial roots

  4. Historical Roots of the Spatial, Temporal, and Diversity Scales of Agricultural Decision-Making in Sierra de Santa Marta, Los Tuxtlas

    Science.gov (United States)

    Negrete-Yankelevich, Simoneta; Porter-Bolland, Luciana; Blanco-Rosas, José Luis; Barois, Isabelle

    2013-07-01

    Land degradation is a serious problem in tropical mountainous areas. Market prices, technological development, and population growth are often invoked as the prime causes. Using historical agrarian documents, literature sources, and historical population data, we (1) provide quantitative and qualitative evidence that the land degradation present at Sierra de Santa Marta (Los Tuxtlas, Mexico) has involved a historical reduction in the temporal, spatial, and diversity scales, in which individual farmers make management decisions, and has resulted in decreased maize productivity; and (2) analyze how these three scalar changes can be linked to policy, population growth, and agrarian history. We conclude that the historical reduction in the scales of land use decision-making and practices constitutes a present threat to indigenous agricultural heritage. The long-term viability of agriculture requires that initiatives consider incentives for co-responsibility with an initial focus on self-sufficiency.

  5. Exposición al parásito Toxocara canis en una población escolar de la comuna 7 del distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia.

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    Dary Luz Mendoza Meza

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenLa toxocariosis es una zoonosis producida por ingesta de huevos infectantes de parásitos del género Toxocara, presentes en el suelo contaminado. La infección humana por Toxocara canis es una de las causas principales del síndrome de migración visceral larvaria. La principal fuente de la enfermedad son los caninos infectados con el parásito. En el Distrito de Santa Marta la población de caninos es alta, sin embargo, no se conoce la prevalencia de la toxocariosis en estos animales ni en el humano. El propósito del presente estudio fue establecer la exposición a Toxocara canis en escolares entre 2 y 16 años de la comuna 7 del Distrito de Santa Marta. Se determinaron los niveles sanguíneos de IgG contra el antígeno de secreción/excreción de larvas L2 de Toxocara canis y los niveles de IgE total. También se evaluó la presencia de parasitismo intestinal y de factores epidemiológicos y clínicos relacionados con la toxocariosis humana. En una muestra de 133 niños, el 42,1% fueron seropositivos a Toxocara canis y 92,5% tuvo niveles sanguíneos de IgE total elevados. Los factores epidemiológicos asociados con la exposición al Toxocara fueron ausencia de agua potable (p <0,0001, ausencia de alcantarillado (p = 0,034, contacto con el suelo (p <0,0001 y presencia de mascotas (perro, p =0,013 y gato, p =0,0069. También se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa con la infección por otros helmintos (p = 0,0069 y la IgE total elevada (p = 0,0134. No se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa con la infección intestinal por protozoos, con la desnutrición aguda (WAZ ≤ -2SD o con la desnutrición crónica (HAZ ≤ -2SD. (DUAZARY 2010, 183 - 190AbstractThe toxocariosis is a zoonosis caused by ingestion of infective eggs of parasites toxocara species, present in the contaminated soil. Human infection by Toxocara canis is a major cause of visceral larva migration syndrome. The main source of the disease are

  6. Eficacia de la política social de explotación sexual comercial de niños, niñas y adolescentes en Santa Marta, desde la teoría del manejo social del riesgo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Camilo Madariaga

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available El propósito de este estudio interpretativo de carácter cualitativo, se orienta a determinar desde la teoría del manejo social del riesgo, la eficacia de la aplicación de la política pública de prevención y erradicación de la Explotación Sexual Comercial de Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes-ESCNNA en Santa Marta, DTCH, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a expertos y líderes, la revisión bibliográfica de investigaciones y de estrategias gubernamentales de protección social; la observación en el terreno y la comparación de sus opiniones y reflexiones, dirigido a analizar los factores que inciden en la prevención y erradicación del riesgo a que se ven sometidos los niños, niñas y adolescentes de la ciudad, frente al fenómeno social de la Explotación sexual comercial.Palabras Clave: protección social; manejo social del riesgo; peores formas de trabajo infantil; explotación sexual comercial.ABSTRACTEffectiveness of public policy implementation for prevention and abolition of children commercial sexual exploitation in Santa Marta (Colombia, from the theory of social risk managementThe purpose of this qualitative interpretive research, which aims to determine from the theory of social risk management, the effectiveness of public policy implementation for prevention and abolition of children commercial sexual exploitation in Santa Marta (Colombia, through in-depth interviews with experts and leaders, the literature review of research and government social protection strategies, field observation and comparison of their views and reflections aimed at analyzing the factors that impact on the prevention and abolition of social risk, faced by them within the social phenomenon of commercial sexual exploitation.Keywords: social protection; social risk management; worst forms of child labour; commercial sexual exploitation.

  7. Collective action in a tropical estuarine lagoon: adapting Ostrom’s SES framework to Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luz Elba Torres Guevara

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available The paper contributes to the social-ecological systems literature byadapting and using Elinor Ostrom’s Social-Ecological System (SES frameworkin the context of a coastal ecosystem. We modified the SES framework in thecase of the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM, an estuarine lagoon inthe Caribbean coast of Colombia. The ecological importance of CGSM and itsspecies is undeniable. This paper aims to understand why collective action fora sustainable use of CGSM’s fishery resources has not taken place. In order torespond to that question, we created new variables within the social, economic,and political settings of the SES framework. The results show that the fishers’ fearof the indiscriminate and strong violence that illegal armed groups have inflictedon them since the 1960s and the economic development in the ColombianCaribbean region help explain the lack of collective action.

  8. Análisis de contextos sociales y su incidencia en el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas en estudiantes de undécimo grado de Santa Marta

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    Deyanith Barrera Ariza

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Considering the problems that the Colombian society is facing, such as violence, corruption, resignation to corruption, unemployment and inequality, the educational system is called to take on an active role contributing to the formation of new citizens that promote tolerance, respect, solidarity, equality and peaceful coexistence. In this research paper, in the course of this investigation, we analyzed the school social environment, family and neighborhood and its impact on the development of citizenship skills in students of eleventh grade. In Santa Marta, the schools that performed better in the ICFES 2010, presented low levels in the development of citizenship skills. Added to this are reflected unfavorable social contexts and frequent negative actions in institutions; with greater presence in church schools that in civilian schools. Resumen Con los problemas que vive la sociedad colombiana tales como la violencia, corrupción, resignación ante la corrupción, desempleo e inequidad, el sistema educativo debe tomar parte activa contribuyendo a la formación de nuevos ciudadanos que promuevan la tolerancia, el respeto, la solidaridad, la igualdad y la convivencia pacífica. Este artículo de investigación describe un trabajo en el que se analizaron los ambientes sociales (colegio, familia y barrio y su incidencia en el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas en estudiantes de grado undécimo de Santa Marta (Colombia. Se comparó en particular a las escuelas civiles y eclesiales de la ciudad, encontrándose que los colegios que obtuvieron mejores resultados en las pruebas de Estado ICFES 2010, presentaron niveles bajos en el desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas. Aunado a esto, aparecen contextos sociales desfavorables y frecuentes acciones negativas en las instituciones, con mayor presencia en colegios eclesiales que en colegios civiles.

  9. Comportamientos relacionados con la salud en estudiantes de Santa Marta: comparación entre colegios públicos y privados

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lauris Munive Gutierrez

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Resumen Hoy en día se sabe que los perfiles de morbilidad y mortalidad de un país se encuentran ligados a patrones de comportamientos que pueden ser modificados y que, por tanto, cualquier persona puede adoptar conductas saludables para contribuir a su propio bienestar. Por ello, los comportamientos relacionados con la salud han sido objeto de estudios en los últimos años. Esto aunado, a sus consecuencias sociales, económicas y de la salud, como son los embarazos no planeados, infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS, en especial el VIH-SIDA, lo cual ha hecho que se reconozca como un problema de salud pública. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue el de comparar los comportamientos relacionados con la salud de adolescentes escolarizados de colegios públicos y privados de la ciudad de Santa Marta. Se utilizó un diseño de tipo transversal, con 2039 mujeres y 1536 varones, con una edad promedio de 17.5 años. Se concluye que existen diferencias en los comportamientos relacionados con la salud en estudiantes de colegios públicos y privados de la ciudad, siendo los estudiantes de colegios públicos, independiente del género, quienes presentan mayores comportamientos de riesgo para la salud. (DUAZARY 2011, 58 - 65AbstractToday it is known that morbidity and mortality profile of a country are linked to patterns of behavior that can be modified and that therefore, anyone can adopt healthy behaviors to contribute to their own welfare. Thus, behaviors related to health have been studied in recent years. This coupled, their social, economic and health, such as unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs including HIV / AIDS, which has led to recognized as a public health problem. The objective of this research was to compare health-related behaviors of adolescent students in schools public and private in the city of Santa Marta. We used a cross-sectional design with 2039 women and 1536 men with an average age of 17

  10. Green Roofs: A feasible tool for environmental management in the hospitality sector of El Rodadero, Santa Marta?

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zielinski, Seweryn; Garda Collante, Mario Alberto; Vega Paternina, Juan Carlos

    2012-01-01

    The accelerated urban development generates a series of problems, not only social and economic, but also environmental. The green roofs are one of the new technologies that can be used as a tool for environmental management in buildings. However, there are many barriers that prevent from their implementation on a large scale. This article is based on a detailed review of the experiences and results of many studies on the subject, underlining the benefits of green roofs and demonstrating the limitations for their implementation in the hotel sector of El Rodadero in the city of Santa Marta. The methodology consists of secondary research of studies carried out in different cities, making an emphasis on researches in climatic conditions similar to those in the study area. Additionally, the owners and managers of 18 hotels were interviewed about their opinion on the topic. In result, it was concluded that green roofs can be an effective tool for environmental management if they are implemented on a large scale. However, in the case of El Rodadero it is not feasible, although there is an interest to implement pilot projects that could dissipate the lack of confidence of the local managers.

  11. Residuos de plaguicidas organoclorados en Rhizophora mangle y Avicennia germinans en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Caribe Colombiano

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    Espinosa Luisa F.

    1998-06-01

    Full Text Available Residues of the organochlorine compounds lindane, heptachlor, aldrin, pp'DDE, pp'DDD y pp'DDT were determined in leaves of two species of mangrove (Rhízophora mangle and Avícennía germínans from the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta. Samples were made quarterly (between March and December 1993, at tour stations at the Ciénaga and at one station in Bahía de Chengue (Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona. Measurements were made usinq gas-liquid chromatography. In both ecosystems the two species are accumulating all the six cornpounds analyzed, as well as other indeterminate organochlorines. The greatest concentrations were found for lindane with maximum values of 15,9 ng/g (dry weight. For lindane, heptachlor and aldrin the concentrations were significantly different only between climatic periods. The highest concentrations were obtained for the dry season. The concentration factor by species was calculated and it was determined that the mangroves are accumulating organochlorine compounds in greatest proportion from sedimento.Se determinaron los contenidos de residuos de los plaguicidas organoclorados lindano, heptacloro, aldrin, pp'DDE, pp'DDD Y pp'DDT en hojas de dos especies de mangle (Rhízophora mangle y Avícennía germínans de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta. Se recolectaron muestras trimestralmente (entre marzo y diciembre de 1993 en cuatro estaciones en la Ciénaga y en una estación de la Bahía de Chengue, Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona. Las determinaciones se hicieron por cromatografía gas-líquido. Se encontró que en los dos ecosistemas las dos especies de mangle están acumulando los seis compuestos analizados, además de otros compuestos organoclorados indeterminados. Las mayores concentraciones fueron las de lindano, con valores máximos de 15.9 ng/g (peso seco. Solo se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las épocas climáticas para las concentraciones de lindano, heptacloro y aldrin. Las mayores concentraciones se

  12. Factores de riesgo y protectores del bullying escolar en estudiantes con bajo rendimiento de cinco instituciones educativas de Santa Marta, Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    F. Robert Ferrel Ortega

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo caracterizar factores del bullying escolar en estudiantes de 10° con bajo rendimiento, de cinco colegios del Núcleo Educativo N° 5 del Distrito de Santa Marta. El tipo de investigación es descriptiva, con diseño transversal y se trabajó con una población de 582 estudiantes y una muestra de 186, a quienes se les aplicó la Escala MESSY (The Matson Evaluation of Social Skills in Youngsters, de Matson, Rotatori y Helsel, 1983, previa validación en población escolar para este estudio. Los datos fueron procesados mediante el SPSS 17.0v. Se halló una concentración de altos porcentajes en el rango medio de los seis factores que mide la Escala: habilidades sociales adecuadas (59 %, asertividad inadecuada (77 %, impulsividad (75 %, sobreconfianza (49 %, celos/soledad (81 %, y Varios (83 %. Se concluyó que no existe bullying en esta población, pero se hallaron dos factores de riesgo: impulsividad (19 % y soledad (16 %; y, un factor protector (habilidades sociales adecuadas, 31 %. Se recomienda aplicar programas de prevención centrados en estos tres últimos factores. Abstract To characterize factors related to bullying in tenth grade students with low performance, taken as reference 5 from schools district No. 5 in Santa Marta. A cross-sectional study is conducted; 582 students and 186 students sampled, to whom a MESSY (Matson Evaluation of Social Skills in Youngsters de Matson Rotatori y Helsel 1983. Scale was applied, previous validity in school population for this research. Data was processed using SPSS 17.0v a highest percentages of 6 factors measured by Adequate Social Skills Scale in average level (59 %, inadequate assertiveness (77 %, impulsivity (75 %, overconfidence (49 %, jealousy/loneliness and others (83 %: As a conclusion, there is no bullying in this population, but two risk factors were found: impulsivity (19 % and loneliness (16 %; and protective factor (adequate

  13. Distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Zn) in sediment profiles associated to Rhizophora mangle in Sevilla River - Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Parra, Juan Pablo; Espinosa, Luisa Fernanda

    2008-01-01

    In order to evaluate the vertical distribution of the heavy metals Pb, Cd, and Zn in sediments associated to Rhizophora mangle plants, potentially bioavailable and not bioavailable concentrations of these metals were determined in three sediment cores collected in the Sevilla River, Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta. Measurements were carried out by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. The results showed that in Sevilla River mangrove ecosystem these metals are accumulated principally in non-bioavailable forms, this means that a great part or them are retained in the sediment. The retention of Pb, Cd, and Zn in the sediments of this mangrove ecosystem is strongly related to the physicochemical parameters pH, salinity, and redox potential, and to organic matter, and silt and clays contents

  14. Some attempts at a geological explanation for the origin of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in the Nineteenth Century: the naturalists Joaquin Acosta and Jorge Isaacs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Castro Lopez, Pablo Antonio; Cardona Molina, Agustin

    2010-01-01

    The Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, located in the northernmost part of Colombia, has been an object of scientific inquiry since at least the XIXth century, among other things because of its isolated character in relation to the Andean mountain chain. In this article we present some contributions to the knowledge of its origin and geological framework made by Joaquin Acosta (1800-1852) and Jorge Isaacs (1837-1895). Furthermore we establish a possible theoretical and conceptual relationship between these authors and some important European geologists and naturalists in the XIXth century, in the context of a history of ideas pertaining to orogenesis in Colombia.

  15. Análisis bromatológico de la carne de la iguana verde (Iguana iguana de los sectores de Minca, Bonda y Mamatoco (Santa Marta D.T.C.H. y Fonseca (La Guajira

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    Víctor Macías Villamizar

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenSe determinó el contenido bromatológico parcial (proteínas, grasas, carbohidratos y minerales en veinte animales de los sectores de Minca, Bonda y Mamatoco (Santa Marta y Fonseca (Guajira.Se encontró que las iguanas capturadas en Mamatoco presentaron un relativo mayor porcentaje de proteína, calcio, hierro y potasio; en Bonda, mayor cantidad de humedad, cenizas y sodio; en Minca, mayor contenido de grasa, cloruro y calorías; mientras las de Fonseca mayor contenido de magnesio, manganeso, sulfatos y carbohidratos. Lo que convierte a la Iguana Verde en una fuente económica de nutrientes, siempre que se utilice en forma racional. (Duazary 2007; 1: 30 - 37AbstractThe contained partial bromathologic was determined (proteins, fats, carbohydrates and minerals in twenty animals of the sectors of Minca, Bonda and Mamatoco (Santa Marta and Fonseca (Guajira. It was found that the iguanas captured in Mamatoco presented a relative bigger protein percentage, calcium, iron and potassium; those captured in Bonda, bigger quantity of humidity, ashy and sodium; those captured in Minca, bigger content of fat, chloride and calories; while those of contained bigger Fonseca of magnesium, manganese, sulphates and carbohydrates. What transforms the Green Iguana into a source of nutritious economic whenever it is used in rationally.Key word: Green iguana; food habits; reptiles; proximate analysis; meat.

  16. Estudio de un brote epidémico de fiebre amarilla selvática en el pie de monte de La Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, 1979

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hernando Vidales

    1981-12-01

    Full Text Available En 1979 se observó en Colombia una epidemia de fiebre amarilla selvática, en las estribaciones más bajas de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, donde nunca antes se había registrado la enfermedad. Los casos ocurrieron en las cercanías de las ciudades de Valledupar y Santa Marta, por entonces infestadas con Aedes aegypti .Veinte de ellos fueron confirmados por examen histopatológico de hígado o por aislamiento de virus y en otros 36 se hizo un diagnóstico de presunción, con base en estudios clínicos, epidemiológicos y serológicos. Entre los primeros hubo 14 defunciones y entre los segundos 13. En las localidades urbanas del Brea se llevaron a cabo intensas campañas de lucha contra el A. aegyptiy de vacunación. No se registraron casos urbanos de la enfermedad. Los enfermos se infectaron en bosques estrechos de galería y en cafetales. donde previa y paralelamente se observó mortalidad en monos í Alouatta seniculus. El reconocimiento entomológico mostró en la región la presencia de 3 especies de Haemagogus, entre ellas H. janthinomys Con 745 mosquitos se hicieron 192 mezclas para intentar aislamiento de virus, habiéndose obtenido sólo uno positivo para fiebre amarilla, a partir de H. janthinomys. La epidemia descrita es un ejemplo mBs de la invasión del virus amarílico a nuevos "habitats" rurales,  con la consiguiente amenaza para las ciudades vecinas infestadas con A. aegypti, el riesgo de la urbanización del virus, lo cual exige la adopción inmediata de medidas para abatir el mosquito y para vacunar a la población expuesta.

  17. Factores de riesgo de los trastornos hipertensivos inducidos por el embarazo en mujeres atendidas en una entidad de salud de Santa Marta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gisela Esther González Ruiz

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Title: Risk factors hypertensive disorders induced pregnancy in women attended in a health company Santa Marta.Los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo, son un problema de salud pública, la primera causa de muerte materna en países desarrollados y la tercera en países en desarrollo. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgos que determinan la aparición de los trastornos hipertensivos, en mujeres embarazadas atendidas en una entidad de salud de Santa Marta, Colombia, en los meses de enero de 2011 a enero 2012. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo retrospectivo, realizado a un grupo de 51 pacientes gestantes que presentaron trastornos hipertensivos. Las técnicas de recolección de información se basaron en la revisión documental (historias clínicas y la aplicación de una encuesta previamente validada por expertos. A través de estos métodos se consignaron variables que permitieron identificar los factores en los trastornos hipertensivos de las gestantes. Resultados: la distribución por edad se ubicó en el rango 26 a 34 años (54.8%, los factores de riesgos presentes fueron: bajo peso (45.0%, no asistencia a controles prenatales (11,8%, multiparidad (56.9%, nivel socioeconómico medio-alto (45.1, antecedentes familiares relacionados con alteración hipertensiva de la madre (39.2%, antecedentes personales patológicos de infecciones urinarias (83.3% y consumo de alcohol (58.8%. Conclusiones: los factores de riesgo de antecedentes personales patológicos de infecciones urinarias se presentaron en un alto porcentaje (83,3%, el consumo de alcohol, multiparidad y antecedentes familiares, ocuparon un lugar importante; mientras que el nivel significativo de asistencia a controles prenatales, no evitó la aparición del trastorno hipertensivo. (DUAZARY 2013 No. 2, 119 - 126AbstractThe Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a public health problem, is the first cause of maternal death in the developed countries and the

  18. Alcances y desafíos del proceso de hermanamiento “Sister Cities" desarrollado por la ciudad de Santa Marta en el marco de su proceso de internacionalización: 1978- 2013.

    OpenAIRE

    Figueroa, Michelle

    2014-01-01

    La evolución de los enfoques de la cooperación internacional y de los procesos de internacionalización de las ciudades han contribuido activamente al desarrollo territorial. Los hermanamientos como una herramienta clave para el intercambio social, político, económico, técnico y académico entre ciudades, se han convertido en uno de los métodos más utilizados para el accionar internacional. Bajo ese contexto, se analizará la influencia del proceso de internacionalización de Santa Marta en la im...

  19. Effectiveness of native arbuscular mycorrhiza on the growth of four tree forest species from the Santa Marta Mountain, Veracruz (Mexico)

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Retama-Ortiz, Y.; Ávila-Bello, C.H.; Alarcón, A.; Ferrera-Cerrato, R.

    2017-11-01

    Aim of the study: The aim of this work was to isolate consortia of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated to Liquidambar styraciflua in soils of the Santa Marta Mountain in Veracruz, and to select highly effective mycorrhizal consortia on promoting the growth of four tree forest species with economic and ecological importance. Area of study: Santa Marta Mountain, inside the buffer area of the Los Tuxtlas Biological Reserve in Veracruz (México). Materials and methods: Ten composite samples of rhizosphere soil were collected from L. styraciflua trees of 13-15 cm DBH (diameter at breast height). Roots were fixed in FAA solution to determine the mycorrhizal colonization percentage, the abundance of morphospecies, and its effectiveness in promoting the growth of L. styraciflua, Terminalia amazonia, Cordia alliodora, and Cojoba arborea. Soil physical and chemical characteristics were also analysed, and soil type recognition was performed with the Reference Base for Soil FAO-ISRIC World-SICS. Mycorrhizal colonization was determined by the method of clearing and staining roots with trypan blue; total percentage of colonization was estimated by the Linderman-Biermann method. Spores were extracted for counting and identifying morphospecies from each soil sample, those with more effectiveness were selected and inoculated in the four tree species, based upon a completely random design there were evaluated height, number of leaves, total dry weight and foliar area. Main results: Average mycorrhizal colonization percentage was 45% from natural conditions, samples one and four showed 80% of AMF-colonization. Average number of spores was 617 in 100 g-1 of dry soil. Forty-seven AMF-morphospecies were identified. After eight months significant differences were observed in root colonization, height, number of leaves, total dry weight, leaf area and foliar analysis of N5+, P5+ and K+ on plants inoculated with rhizosphere samples of L. styraciflua. Terminalia amazonia and

  20. Effectiveness of native arbuscular mycorrhiza on the growth of four tree forest species from the Santa Marta Mountain, Veracruz (Mexico)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Retama-Ortiz, Y.; Ávila-Bello, C.H.; Alarcón, A.; Ferrera-Cerrato, R.

    2017-01-01

    Aim of the study: The aim of this work was to isolate consortia of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated to Liquidambar styraciflua in soils of the Santa Marta Mountain in Veracruz, and to select highly effective mycorrhizal consortia on promoting the growth of four tree forest species with economic and ecological importance. Area of study: Santa Marta Mountain, inside the buffer area of the Los Tuxtlas Biological Reserve in Veracruz (México). Materials and methods: Ten composite samples of rhizosphere soil were collected from L. styraciflua trees of 13-15 cm DBH (diameter at breast height). Roots were fixed in FAA solution to determine the mycorrhizal colonization percentage, the abundance of morphospecies, and its effectiveness in promoting the growth of L. styraciflua, Terminalia amazonia, Cordia alliodora, and Cojoba arborea. Soil physical and chemical characteristics were also analysed, and soil type recognition was performed with the Reference Base for Soil FAO-ISRIC World-SICS. Mycorrhizal colonization was determined by the method of clearing and staining roots with trypan blue; total percentage of colonization was estimated by the Linderman-Biermann method. Spores were extracted for counting and identifying morphospecies from each soil sample, those with more effectiveness were selected and inoculated in the four tree species, based upon a completely random design there were evaluated height, number of leaves, total dry weight and foliar area. Main results: Average mycorrhizal colonization percentage was 45% from natural conditions, samples one and four showed 80% of AMF-colonization. Average number of spores was 617 in 100 g-1 of dry soil. Forty-seven AMF-morphospecies were identified. After eight months significant differences were observed in root colonization, height, number of leaves, total dry weight, leaf area and foliar analysis of N5+, P5+ and K+ on plants inoculated with rhizosphere samples of L. styraciflua. Terminalia amazonia and

  1. Comportamiento del tamizaje para cancer de cervix en la ciudad de Santa Marta en el año 2005

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    José Abraham Jaramillo Osorio

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenObjetivo: analizar los resultados del programa de detección y control de cáncer de cuello uterino en la ciudad de santa marta, Colombia durante el año 2005. Materiales y métodos: la información se obtuvo compilando los registros mensuales del laboratorio de citología de la E.S.E Alejandro Prospero Reverend en Santa Sarta durante el año 2005. Los datos fueron registrados en un archivo excel y luego evaluados mediante el programa Epi-info 2002. Resultados: durante el 2005 se realizaron en los distintos centros y puestos de salud 16683 citologías, 552 fueron inadecuadas (3,3% 534 alteradas (3,2% 340 infección por virus del papiloma humano (V.P.H. (2% 111 casos de lesión intraepitelial de bajo grado (lieb(0,67% 63 casos de lesión intraepitelial de alto grado(0,38% 15 casos de cáncer invasor de cuello uterino(89.9x100.000. En la vereda de machete y el corregimiento de Guachaca el promedio de infección por V.P.H. fue el doble comparado con los restantes. Conclusiones: este análisis permite identificar debilidades en cuanto a la cobertura y el suministro de información del programa de detección y control de cáncer de cuello uterino, además aporta datos de gran utilidad para diseñar estrategias en salud pública tendientes a corregir indicadores epidemiológicos. (Duazary 2006; 1: 32- 37

  2. PLANTAS MEDICINALES USADAS POR LOS COGUI EN EL RÍO PALOMINO, SIERRA NEVADA DE SANTA MARTA (COLOMBIA

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    EDUINO CARBONÓ-DELAHOZ

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Con el propósito de registrar conocimientos tradicionales sobre plantas medicinales entre los Cogui o Kággaba en la cuenca del río Palomino, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia, se evaluó el uso de la flora con la aplicación de una técnica etnobotánica cuantitativa. Mediante entrevistas a mamos o sacerdotes-jefes, durante recorridos en áreas silvestres, cultivadas y huertos caseros en diferentes zonas climáticas de la cuenca, se obtuvo información de 189 especies utilizadas, incluidas en 162 géneros y 77 familias, así como el modo de uso y la forma de preparación para el tratamiento de enfermedades comunes. Las familias Asteraceae y Leguminosae registraron el mayor número de especies útiles. La evaluación con el índice de importancia relativa (IR permitió establecer que Ladenbergia moritziana (Rubiaceae, Stevia lucida (Asteraceae, Aniba sp. (Lauraceae, Erechtites hieracifolia (Asteraceae y Carex sp. (Cyperaceae son las especies con mayores valores de importancia. El 89 % de las plantas utilizadas es obtenido de espacios silvestres, lo que sugiere un conocimiento amplio de la diversidad vegetal local y el ejercicio de una práctica etnomédica.

  3. [Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) of the northwestern slope of the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, Colombia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martínez, Neis J; García, Héctor; Pulido, Luz A; Ospino, Deibi; Harváez, Juan C

    2009-01-01

    The community structure of dung beetles in the middle and lower river basin of the Gaira river, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, is described. Four sites were selected along an altitudinal gradient of 50-940 m for sampling from June to October, 2004. Dung beetles were captured using modified pitfall traps and manual recollections. We captured 7,872 individuals belonging to 29 species, distributed in 15 genera and five tribes of Scarabaeinae. Canthon and Onthophagus were the most diverse genera, each represented by six species. The sampled sites shared the following species: Onthophagus acuminatus Harold, O. clypeatus Blanchard, O. marginicollis Harold. Bocatoma was the most diverse site with 23 species; whereas Port Mosquito presented the highest abundance, with 3,262 individuals. Seven species represented 89% of all captures: Canthidium sp., Dichotomius sp., Uroxys sp. 1, Uroxys sp. 2, O. marginicollis, O. clypeatus and O. acuminatus. Of the 29 captured species, 17 belonged to the functional group of diggers and 10 were ball-rollers. We did not observe significant among-site differences in community structure. Abiotic factors such as altitude, temperature and humidity cannot explain observed variation in community structure across sites, indicating other variables such as vegetation cover, density of the vegetation and soil type may play a role in the community structure of these insects.

  4. Valoración económica del uso recreativo de lugares turísticos: el caso de las bahías de Santa Marta, El Rodadero y Taganga (Colombia)

    OpenAIRE

    Pupo García, Luis Carlos

    2012-01-01

    Este documento presenta la valoración económica que realizan los turistas que visitan las playas de la ciudad de Santa Marta, con base cálculos de modelos econométricos, aplicando el método de costo de viaje; el cual es empleado para estimar valores de uso económicos de ecosistemas. La investigación revela que el costo promedio diario en las bahías es de $42.969,67. Además se encontró que el 47% de los turistas consideran que se debe erradicar de la bahía el vertimiento de aguas lluvias, fact...

  5. Calidad de vida de niños y niñas de sectores medios de la sociedad: estudio de caso en Santa Marta, distrito turístico cultural e histórico, Colombia

    OpenAIRE

    Mieles Barrera, María Dilia

    2013-01-01

    Tesis (Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud). Universidad de Manizales. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas. CINDE, 2013 La investigación denominada CALIDAD DE VIDA DE NIÑOS Y NIÑAS DE SECTORES MEDIOS DE LA SOCIEDAD: ESTUDIO DE CASO EN SANTA MARTA, DISTRITO TURÍSTICO CULTURAL E HISTÓRICO, COLOMBIA, se desarrolla en el marco de la complejidad y vigencia que ha adquirido el concepto calidad de vida, responde a la necesidad de investigar a niños y niñas de sectores medios de ...

  6. Avances en los objetivos de desarrollo del milenio en Santa Marta, Magdalena y Colombia (2005 – 2009

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    Lidice Álvarez Miño

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenCon el nuevo milenio los países miembros del sistema de Naciones Unidas decidieron establecer objetivos concretos, con metas específicas, para mejorar la vida de la población, principalmente de la más pobre. Colombia acogió dicha directriz y propuso metas nacionales a lograr en el 2015. El avance alcanzado en las metas está determinado por múltiples aspectos estructurales cuya expresión varía en cada ámbito territorial. Para identificar dichas diferencias, se realizó un estudio analítico-comparativo de los resultados obtenidos en Colombia, el Magdalena y Santa Marta para el periodo 2005 a 2009, con base en estadísticas del Instituto Nacional de Salud y del Departamento Administrativo Nacional Estadística. A partir del cálculo de tasas y razones se estableció que algunos logros registrados a nivel nacional, como la razón de mortalidad materna (pasando de 73X100.000nv en 2005 a 59X100.000nv en 2009 contrastan con dinámicas como la del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (para 2005 registró 3976 casos nuevos mientras para el 2009, 8094 casos nuevos. Además, se identificó la brecha existente entre el nivel nacional y el local. Se espera que estos resultados llamen la atención de los “decisores de políticas” para que, más allá del cumplimiento formal del objetivo, transformen elementos determinantes de la vida de la población implicada. (DUAZARY 2011, 17 - 23AbstractIn the new millennium, members of the United Nations system decided to set specific goals to improve life of the population, mainly the poorest people. Colombia welcomed this new guide and proposed own national targets to achieve in 2015. The progress made in each goal is determined by multiple structural features, whose expression varies by the territory (national, departmental and local. To identify these territorially variation, a comparative analytical study was performed using statistics from the National Institute of Health and National Bureau of

  7. Características de inteligencia emocional y género en estudiantes de psicología y administración de empresas de una universidad pública de Santa Marta, Colombia: un estudio piloto

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    Yuly Suárez Colorado

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Title: Characteristics of emotional intelligence in psychology students and business administration of a public university of Santa Marta, Colombia: a pilot study.ResumenEl presente es un estudio de tipo descriptivo-correlacional y diseño transversal, su objetivo principal fue encontrar las diferencias de género en las características de inteligencia emocional (IE sobre una muestra de estudiantes universitarios de una institución pública de educación superior de Santa Marta, Colombia, a través de la aplicación del Traid Meta Mood-TMMS-24 de Fernández-Berrocal y Extremera1. El estudio contó con la participación de 32 estudiantes de los cuales 16 pertenecen al programa de psicología y 16 al programa de administración de empresas en edades entre 17 a 30 años, distribuidos en 22 mujeres y 10 hombres. Si bien los resultados apuntan a que no existen diferencias significativas entre el estado de los componentes de IE y el género, se recomienda tomar estos resultados con precaución y realizar otros estudios con una muestra representativa de la totalidad de la población universitaria de la institución, del mismo modo que es conveniente añadir otros instrumentos de medida de IE. (DUAZARY 2012 No. 2, 132 - 139AbstractThis is a study of descriptivo-correlacional type and transversal design aims to main found gender differences in the characteristics of emotional intelligence (EI on a sample of college students of a public institution of higher education in Santa Marta, Colombia, through the application of the Traid goal Mood-TMMS-24 Fernández-Berrocal and Extremera1. The study counted with the participation of 32 students of whom 16 belong to the psychology programme and 16 to the program of business administration at ages 17 to 30 years, distributed in 22 women and 10 men. Although the results suggest that there are no significant differences between the status of the components of IE and gender, is recommended replication of a similar

  8. Valoración Económica del Manglar por el Almacenamiento de Carbono, Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta

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    Arnold De la Peña

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available La Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM genera diferentes bienes y servicios ambientales, por ejemplo, sumidero de carbono, hábitat de flora y fauna, despensa de alimentos y materias primas, entre otros. Se presenta una aproximación a la cuantificación monetaria del servicio de almacenamiento de carbono, con el fin de establecer información base para las decisiones de su uso. Lo anterior se hizo con base en muestreo de campo de 15 árboles de manglar y en mediciones realizadas en cuatro estaciones de monitoreo de la CGSM (Caño Grande, Rinconada, Aguas Negras y Luna por INVEMAR (2008. Para tal fin, se estimó la biomasa aérea total, las existencias de carbono y de dióxido de carbono equivalente (CO2e discriminada por especie y zona. Los resultados indican que en términos relativos el bosque de manglar de la CGSM puede almacenar entre 6,9 (la Luna y 45,7 (Rinconada t C ha-1. La valoración monetaria se encuentran entre US$ 87,76 y 591,41 t CO2e ha-1, según los precios pagados por el Banco Mundial, correspondiente a los Certificados de Emisiones Reducidas (CERs forestales no permanentes. El valor monetario amplia la importancia de iniciar un proceso que permita incorporar estos beneficios económicos a los actuales mecanismos de mercado y contribuyan a los esfuerzos locales de conservación.Palabras Clave: Manglar; almacenamiento de carbono; biomasa aérea; dióxido de carbono equivalente y valoración económica. Economic Valuation of Mangrove for the Carbon Storage in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa MartaAbstractThe Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM Generate Different Environmental goods and services, for instance, carbon sink, habitat for flora and fauna, stocks of foods and raw materials, etc. This paper presents an attempt to value in monetary terms the service of carbon storage, with the aim to establish inputs for the decisions process of used. This paper presents an Attempt to Terms Monetary value in the service of carbon storage

  9. Comportamiento de la enfermedad respiratoria de niños entre 5 y 14 años en la ciudad de Santa Marta en el primer trimestre de 2008 y 2009

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    Enis Alejandra Cuao

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Title: Respiratory disease in children ages 6 to 14 years in Santa Marta city in the first quarter of years 2008 and 2009.ResumenLas partículas totales suspendidas (PST o material particulado, específicamente PM10, se encuentran en la atmosfera. Estas partículas pueden penetrar en el sistema respiratorio bloqueando el paso del aire y ocasionando enfermedades. La contaminación por material particulado en la ciudad de Santa Marta requiere ser estudiada para comprender el daño que produce sobre la salud de la población, en concreto en la población infantil y adulta mayor. El transporte y almacenamiento de carbón, además del clima, son los causantes del esparcimiento de partículas PM10, que afectan principalmente las vías respiratorias altas. Para conocer lo que está pasando con la salud respiratoria se realizó un estudio descriptivo que incluyó como población a todos los niños entre 6 y 14 años de base hospitalaria. La información se depuró dejando únicamente los diagnósticos de vías respiratorias superiores. Estos diagnósticos, organizados por fecha, se compararon con la concentración de material particulado en el ambiente para los tres primeros meses de los años 2008 y 2009. El análisis muestra que los niños de 9 años o menos son los más afectados por enfermedades respiratorias en vías superiores. La Comuna con las concentraciones más altas de PM10 fue la 8. Sin embargo, las que más diagnóstico de enfermedad respiratoria presentaron fueron la 5 y la 4. (DUAZARY 2012 No. 1, 33 - 41

  10. Marta Cycles'i jääkideta disain / Marta Moorats ; intervjueerinud Aljona Sokolovskaja

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Moorats, Marta

    2013-01-01

    Disainkäsitöö pop-up näitus Kawe Plaza ruumides (Tallinn, Pärnu mnt. 15). Oma töid eksponeerib ka Marta Moorats, disainerinimega Marta Cycles. Lähemalt tema langevarjukangast rõivakollektsioonist, mis põhineb jääkideta disainil

  11. Tasas de desnitrificación en una laguna costera tropical, la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, Mar Caribe, Colombia

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    Herrera Martínez Yimy

    2000-12-01

    Full Text Available The rates of denitrification were measured as flows of N₂O in two sites in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta as a first step toward the identification of the patterns of this process in tropical coastal lagoons of Colombia. To find out its magnitud, samples of sediment were taken to the lab trials. The rates were related with physical and chemical variables of the sediments and the water column. The rates fluctuated between undetectable and 4305 nrnoles. mˉ² hˉ¹. The maximum flow attributed to bacterial denitrification was 38.8 nmoles.mˉ² hˉ¹. The results showthat denitrification is linked to nitrification of the sedimento It was determined that acetylene blockage assays in anoxic conditions underestimate the rates of denitrification. Apparently nitrification of sediments was blocked by the lack of oxygenand possibly because of the acetylene, which inabilited the production of NO₃ˉ for denitrification. The variations in space and time of denitrification are probably due to factors such as: salinity, porosity of the sediments, content of organic matter and O₂ concentration.Se midieron las tasas de desnitrificación como flujos de N₂O en dos sitios de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta como un primer esfuerzo para identificar los patrones generales que determinan este proceso en ecosistemas lagunares costeros tropicales colombianos. Para determinar su magnitud, se realizaron ensayos de laboratorio con muestras de sedimento de la ciénaga. Estas tasas fueron relacionadas con variables físicas y químicas del sedimento y de la columna de agua. Las tasas de flujo de N₂O estuvieron entre no detectadas hasta 4305 nmoles.m⁻².h⁻¹ . El flujo máximo de N₂O, atribuido a la desnitrificación bacteriana, fue 38.8 nmoles.m⁻².h⁻¹. Los resultados indican que la desnitrificación está acoplada a la nitrificación en los sedimentos. Se estableció que la utilización de la técnica de inhibición con acetileno y la incubaci

  12. Thermic Attenuation on Concrete Sidewalk under Urban Trees. Case Study: Santa Marta – Colombia

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    Carlos Devia

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Background and Purpose: Urban trees provide a number of services including shade and thermal attenuation. This is related to morphological and physiological characteristics of trees and may vary between species and even between individuals of the same species. The aim of this work was to identify thermic attenuations on concrete sidewalks under six tropical urban trees with six different types of shadows. Material and Methods: In Santa Marta City, Colombia (10º12´20” N, 74º13´33” W, 10 meters above sea level and 31ºC temperature, we selected six trees (species with different types of shade, and they are evaluated for soil temperature and the temperature in the shade and off throughout the day for four different days of the year. ANOVA and t-tests were performed with R program in order to identify the influence of the specie, the day, the hour and the position (at the thermic comfort level, surface temperature on the temperature results obtained. Results and Conclusion: Some trees have the most translucent shadows most likely due to nictinastic movements and consequently less temperature attenuation. On the other hand, other trees have denser shadows and can generate more substantial thermic attenuations. Regarding temperature data, the hour of the day shows the greatest influence on the variability of air temperature and the species shows the greatest influence on the variability of surface temperature. Honey berry (Meliccoca bijugatus and Malay almond (Terminalia atappa trees have denser shadows and can generate more substantial thermic attenuations. Tree physiology can play an important role in temperature attenuation in cities as a result of shadow effects and can be applied as a criterion to select urban trees in tropical cities.

  13. Reproducción de Joturus pichardi y Agonostomus monticola(Mugiliformes: Mugilidae en ríos de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Pedro Eslava Eljaiek

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Para los mugílidos de agua dulce Joturus pichardi y Agonostomus monticola se han documentado aspectos ecológicos y de distribución, principalmente para las poblaciones de América Central, sin embargo, hay poca información disponible de sus aspectos reproductivos, especialmente en ambientes de agua dulce de Colombia. Por lo tanto para ambas especies se estudió la biología reproductiva en ríos de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta durante julio de 2005 y diciembre de 2006. En total, 14 especímenes de J. pichardi y 320 A. monticola fueron capturados. Proporción sexual, índice gonadosomático, talla media de madurez, fecundidad y diámetros de los ovocitos fueron evaluados. Se realizó un bioensayo para observar el efecto de la salinidad sobre la movilidad espermática y su posible relación con el área de desove de las especies. Estos mugílidos comparten un hábitat con características ecológicas similares, de corrientes fuertes y claras y zonas pedregosas. Indicadores de madurez gonadal y evidencias indirectas son presentados y con los cuales se comprueba que el periodo reproductivo se encuentra relacionado con los mayores valores de precipitación de la zona (septiembre a noviembre, así como, la migración catádroma de J. pichardi y A. monticola. Estas especies representan un potencial de cultivo, dado su alimentación basada en vegetales y macroinvertebrados, la calidad de su carne y las tallas que pueden alcanzar, por lo cual, se deben efectuar estudios más profundos que revelen mayor información sobre su comportamiento y reproducción en cautividad.Reproduction of Joturus pichardi and Agonostomus monticola (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae in rivers of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. The freshwater mugilids Joturus pichardi and Agonostomus monticola, have been documented on ecological and distribution aspects, mainly for Central American populations, nevertheless, little information is available on their reproductive aspects

  14. Efficient way back litters nutrient potential of a tropical forest of bank. Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta Colombia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Fuentes Molina, Natalia; Rodriguez Barrios, Javier Alfredo

    2012-01-01

    In three representative forests along the River Gaira, (subtropical wet forest, subtropical moist forest and tropical thorn mount), were measured over six months (wet and dry seasons) fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus through the litter. Concentrations of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the litter were relatively similar in the three Nevada de Santa Marta Colombia. Fuentes, Rodriguez. vegetation types (1.71% n and 0.12% p for the subtropical moist forest, followed by the tropical thorn mount with 1.50% n and 0.10% p and the subtropical wet forest with 1.39% n and 0.08% p), with the most significant differences found for nitrogen, which is the major nutrient with the absolute maximum in the subtropical rain forest set in the middle stretch of the basin. The greatest returns on biomass and nutrients occurred in the subtropical moist forest and tropical thorn mount set in the middle and lower reaches of the basin. The leaves showed high concentration of n and consequently, given the high production values of the different fractions, a high potential return of n (78.6 kg ha-1 yr-1). The foliar p concentration showed a potential return of 4.9 kgha1yr-1 and high values of the indices of efficiency in their use (iev: 2888.5) and foliar resorption (ern: 98.2), was the nutrient most limiting.

  15. Species richness and abundance of hesperioidea and papilionoidea (lepidoptera) in Las Delicias natural reserve, Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Vargas Zapata, Maria A; Martinez Hernandez, Neis Jose; Gutierrez Moreno, Luis C and others

    2011-01-01

    In the foothills of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, are formations of dry tropical secondary forest hosting a fauna representative of lepidoptera, which can be used as an indicator of group condition, because of their sensitivity to intervention and specificity in the use of resources; in the present study the changes in richness and abundance of butterflies hesperioidea papilionoidea in nature reserve Las Delicias were evaluated. Two sampling sites with different degrees of intervention were selected. The first site is located between 400- 550 over sea level, while the second at 200 m. We performed four samples, from April to July 2008; using two networks lepidopterist and 10 van someren rydon traps baited with macerated fruit and fish. We captured 432 individuals belonging to 66 species, distributed in 52 genera. Nymphalidae were the most rich family (42) and abundance (250); highlighting the species mechanitis lysimnia fabricius (41 specimens), typical in forest with very good coverage. Site 2, was the most diverse (48) and abundance (236), because in this place there was a greater stratification and tree coverage, and the presence of water resources during the sampling. With the arrival of rain in June and July, there was greater flowering and fruiting of vegetation in the area, increasing the availability of resources and therefore a greater richness and abundance of papilionoidea and hesperioidea in the study area.

  16. The Great Southwest of the Fred Harvey Company and the Santa Fe Railway, edited by Marta Weigle and Barbara A. Babcock. The Heard Museum, Pheonix (printed by The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, for The Heard Museum, 1996

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Douglas R. Givens

    1997-11-01

    Full Text Available One of the more colorful eras in American Southwestern archaelogy is reflected in The Great Southwest of the Fred Harvey Company and the Santa Fe Railway. Marta Weigle and Barbara A. Babcock, editors of the volume, have done a superb job weaving in early Southwestern archaeological activities with the role of the Fred Harvey Company and the Santa Fe Railway in bring the American Southwest to those "east of the Mississippi River". Many early Southwestern archaeologists made their way throughout the Southwest on the Santa Fe Railway while the "outposts of civilization" that the Fred Harvey Company provided in many railroad stations served as a " bit of home" to the traveler. This book describes the collaboration of both Fred Harvey and the Santa Fe Railroad tourism in the American Southwest and provides an excellent look into the Native American artists and their comumnities which were transformed on a massive scale by the Fred Harvey Company as it bought, sold, and popularized Native American art. Also part of the volume is an excellent discussion of the network of major museums that hold art collections which were purchased through the Harvey Company's Indian Department.

  17. ESTRUCTURA DE TALLAS Y PREFERENCIA AL SUSTRATO DEL PEZ LEÓN (Pterois volitans (SCORPAENIFORMES: SCORPAENIDAE EN SANTA MARTA (COLOMBIA

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    Juan Manuel Hernández-Abello

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available El pez león, luego de su invasión al Caribe, fue registrado en el Caribe continental colombiano en 2009, a partir de entonces y para medir su impacto, se han adelantado numerosas estrategias. Este trabajo aporta sobre la estructura de tallas y preferencia al sustrato que se determinó entre diciembre de 2011 y diciembre de 2012 para cinco localidades de Santa Marta, a través de censos visuales en transectos delimitados de 30x5 m. Las tallas se agruparon de acuerdo con la distribución de frecuencia en cuatro categorías (uno: entre 8 y 14 cm; dos: entre 15 y 21 cm, tres: entre 22 y 28 cm y cuatro: entre 29 y 35 cm. Se observaron 92 individuos con un promedio de 18,0 ± 5,3 cm. La categoría dos fue la más abundante (n=48 predominando en Morro Grande e Isla Aguja y en junio, julio y agosto. Le siguieron las categorías tres (n=21 y uno (n=20. La categoría cuatro (n=3 fue la menos abundante y se encontró en Morro Grande e Isla Aguja. Las variables que explicaron la correlación entre la abundancia de pez león y el tipo de sustrato fueron la cobertura de esponjas (0,6303 y los corales (0,6111, y los componentes abióticos (-0,9443 (n=50; p<0,001. La abundancia del pez león estuvo marcada por el tipo de estructura en las formaciones arrecifales de cada localidad, sin preferencia por ningún tipo de sustrato, que indica así una posible adaptación a todo tipo de condición arrecifal. ABSTRACT The lionfish, after its invasion to the Caribbean, was reported in the Colombian continental Caribbean, thereafter and to measure its impact there have been numerous strategies. Size structure and substrate preference were studied for a year between December 2011 and December 2012 in five locations in Santa Marta, through visual censuses in 30x5 m transects. Size were grouped according to the frequency distribution into four categories (one: between 8 and 14 cm, two: between 15 and 21 cm, three: from 22 to 28 cm and four: between 29 and 35 cm. We

  18. Prevalencia de patologías tropicales y factores de riesgo en la comunidad indígena de bunkwimake, sierra nevada de Santa Marta

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    Juan C. Dib

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Las enfermedades tropicales son endémicas en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, sin embargo se carece de información acerca de la distribución de estas enfermedades en las comunidades indígenas que la habitan. Mediante estudios entomológicos y seroepidemiológicos, se estudiaron los factores de riesgo y la prevalencia de enfermedad de Chagas, leishmaniosis, hepatitis B y parasitosis intestinales en la comunidad indígena de Bunkwimake, ubicada en la vertiente norte de la Sierra Nevada. Los resultados de los estudios serológicos en 94 individuos reportaron una positividad de 18 (19%, 52(55% y 19(20% para infección por Tripanosoma cruzi, leishmania y el virus de la hepatitis B respectivamente. Adicionalmente, en 41(74% de 56 niños indígenas se encontró la presencia de parasitosis intestinales al examen coprológico. En los estudios entomológicos se captu-raron 37 triatominos en 16 viviendas distribuidos de la siguiente manera: 13 Triatoma dimidiata, 12 Rhodnius prolixus y 12 Pastrongylus geniculatus. Las tres especies se encontraron colonizando las viviendas indígenas y presentaron infeccilón para Trypanosoma cruzi. Dos especies de flebotominos fueron capturados en las vivien-das: 5 lutzomyia Gomezi y 7 Lutzomyia hirsute hirsute. El presente estudio demostró una importante prevalencia de infección por T. Cruzi y Leishmania en la población infantil, indicando transmisión reciente de ambas infec-ciones. Adicionalmente, los estudios entomológicos indican que existe un riesgo de transmisión doméstica de T. Cruzi y Leishmania por especies selváticas de triatominos y flebotominos. Se necesitan estudios adicionales que determinen la ecoepidemiología y dinámicas de trasnmisión de la Leishmanisosis y la enfermedad de Chagas en esta población para diseñar estrategias de control más adecuadas. Debido a que los programas verticales de fumigación y mejoramiento de vivienda en las comunidades indígenas no son viables, nuevas

  19. Abundancia relativa y uso de microhábitat de la rana Geobatrachus walkeri (Anura: Strabomantidae en dos hábitats en Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vera Martínez Baños

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available La rana Geobatrachus walkeri pertenece a un género monotípico y endémico del área de San Lorenzo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. La especie habita en el bosque secundario natural y en una plantación de pino (dominada por Pinus patula. Para comparar la abundancia relativa y el uso del microhábitat en estos dos hábitat y durante los períodos de máxima y mínima precipitación, se distribuyeron aleatoriamente 30 cuadrantes en cada bosque sobre los que se registraron el número de individuos y los microhábitats ocupados. Además se reconocieron otros aspectos de la historia natural mediante muestreo por encuentros casuales (VES, se incluye en los dos hábitats áreas no muestreadas por los cuadrantes. La mayor abundancia de ranas se obtuvo en la plantación de pino y durante la época de lluvias. El microhábitat más usado fue la hojarasca de pino. Geobatrachus walkeri es una especie exitosa en las plantaciones de pino, asociada permanentemente a su hojarasca en donde parece desarrollar todo su ciclo de vida. Las claras modificaciones derivadas de la introducción de las plantaciones de pino en el suelo y el agua, parecen no haber afectado la supervivencia y mantenimiento exitoso de esta especie categorizada como en peligro de extinción.Relative abundance and microhabitat use by the frog Geobatrachus walkeri (Anura:Strabomantidae in two habitats of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Geobatrachus walkeri belongs to a monotypic frog genus endemic to the San Lorenzo area, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. This species has been categorized as endangered because of its small distribution area and the decline in the extent and quality of its habitat. It inhabits two forest types with different composition and structure, the native secondary forest and a pine plantation (dominated by Pinus patula. To compare the relative abundance and microhabitat use of this species in these habitat types, 30 quadrants/environment were

  20. Condiciones óptimas de cultivo de linfocitos y análisis parcial del cariotipo de la tortuga cabezona, Caretta caretta (Testudines: Cheloniidae en Santa Marta, Caribe Colombiano

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    Ellie Ann López

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available En los últimos años se ha registrado una disminución importante en el número de individuos de la tortuga marina Caretta caretta anidantes en el Caribe colombiano, situación que pone en evidencia la posibilidad de su extinción a mediano plazo. Por esto, es necesario implementar planes para su manejo y conservación. En este estudio se determinaron los requerimientos del cultivo de linfocitos de Caretta caretta para la obtención de cariotipos que permitan la identificación citogenética, el estudio inmunológico y toxicológico de individuos sin necesidad de sacrificarlos. Se muestrearon 47 individuos de C. caretta de Santa Marta, Colombia obteniendo sangre periférica con la que se realizaron ensayos de las diferentes variables hasta obtener las condiciones óptimas para el cultivo convencional de linfocitos. El cariotipo obtenido presentó 56 cromosomas: 32 macrocromosomas y 24 microcromosomas. El ideograma mostró que C. caretta tiene cuatro grupos de cromosomas: el grupo A compuesto por doce (12 pares de cromosomas de mayor tamaño. El Grupo B compuesto por cuatro (4 pares de cromosomas medianos y pequeños y el Grupo C conformado por 12 pares de microcromosomas. No se observaron cromosomas sexuales. Estos resultados están en desacuerdo con el cariotipo descrito por Kamesaki (1989, debido posiblemente a que las muestras analizadas en ese estudio fueron colectadas en el Océano Pacifico (Japón. El presente estudio es el primero realizado con tortugas del Océano Atlántico que cuenta con la descripción completa de la morfología cromosómica. Es posible, que una de las estrategias adaptativas de esta especie sea el intercambio genético con otras especies de la familia, que produce individuos híbridos viables. En este aspecto se ha descrito la hibridación de tortugas Caretta caretta con Eretmochelys imbricata, Chelonia mydas y Lepidochelys kempii, esto sugiere la posibilidad que los individuos caracterizados en este estudio sean h

  1. Presencia de Blastocystis Hominis como agente causal de enfermedades gatrointestinales en la comuna 7 (Gaira del Distrito de Santa Marta

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    Sonja Liliana Lozano Socarras

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available La Blastocystis hominis es un protozoo que causa cuadros diarreicos. Es altamente prevalente en poblaciones que no cuentan con servicios adecuados de higiene, alcantarillado y salud pública. La infección con Blastocystis hominis frecuentemente concomita con otros enteropatógenos de reconocida patogenicidad, además se ha reportado como parásito oportunista en pacientes con VIII SIDA. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar la presencia de Blastocystis hominis en pacientes de consulta externa con síntomas asociados a enfermedades gastrointestinales, en la comuna 7 del distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia, durante el mes de Enero a Diciembre de 2004. El método de diagnóstico utilizado fue examen coproparasitológico seriado y el número de pacientes analiza-dos fue de 291. Los resultados muestran una alta presencia de Blastocystis hominken pacientes con enfermedad diarreica residentes en Gaira. Un alto porcentaje de la población parasitada (62,6% presento como único agente causal de la enfermedad diarreica al Blastocystis hominis lo que sugiere la presencia de otras enfermedades que pueden involucrar un compromiso inmunológico, el efecto será una respuesta inmune débil contra el parásito.

  2. Evaluación biológica preliminar de extractos vegetales utilizados en la medicina tradicional de la Sierra Nevada deSanta Marta contra el veneno de la Bothrops asper

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    Willinton Barranco Pérez

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Title: Preliminary biological evaluation of plants extracts used in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta against the snake Bothrops asper venom.ResumenLa mordedura de serpientes constituye un problema de salubridad importante en muchos países tropicales y subtropicales, con un estimado de 2,5 millones de personas envenenadas cada año. En Colombia las especies Bothropsasper y Bothropsatrox son las causantes del 70 al 90 % de los accidentes registrados. Se estima que el 60% de estos accidentes son inicialmente tratados por curanderos tradicionales utilizando plantas medicinales en diferentes preparaciones. Este estudio evaluó la capacidad inhibitoria de cinco especies contra el efecto proteolítico y hemolítico indirecto inducido por el veneno de B. asper en ensayos in vitro.Las especies, que fueron seleccionadas de acuerdo a su uso en la medicina tradicional por parte de las comunidades campesinas de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, fueron, Aristolochia máxima, Cissampelospareira, Equisetumbogotense, Mucunacfpruriens y una especie de la familia Asteraceae. La planta E. bogotense mostró los mayores porcentaje de inhibición contra la actividad de las fosfolipasas A2(42,29 %, así como la mayor precipitación de las proteínas en un rango de masas moleculares de 28,2 y 94,43 KDa. Al fraccionar el extracto de E. bogotense se obtuvieron cinco fracciones, las cuales presentaron un porcentaje de inhibición de 36,6 ± 1,07 a 46,1 ± 13,6. Adicionalmente se detectaron por métodos cualitativos núcleos como, alcaloides, esteroides y/o triterpenos, taninos, cumarinas y leucoantocianidinas. En estudio se reporta la actividad antiofídica en ensayos in vitro de la especie E. bogotense contra el veneno de la especie B.asper. (DUAZARY 2012 No. 2, 140 - 150AbstractIn Colombia the species Bothrops asper and Bothrops atrox are responsible for 70 to 90% of the snakebite accidents. Around 60% of these injuries are initially treated by traditional healers; they

  3. The diffuse seismicity of the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, the Perijá Range, and south of the La Guajira peninsula, Colombia and Venezuela: Result of the convergence between Caribbean plate and the South American margin during the Late Neogene?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chicangana, G.; Pedraza, P.; Mora-paez, H.; Ordonez Aristizabal, C. O.; Vargas-Jimenez, C. A.; Kammer, A.

    2012-12-01

    A diffuse low deep microseismicity located overall between the Guajira peninsula and the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM) was registered with the recent installation (2008 to Present) of three seismological stations in northeastern Colombia by the Colombian Seismological Network (RSNC), but mainly with the Uribia station in (the) central region of La Guajira peninsula, The microseismicity is characterized by a great population of events with 1.2 Oca fault because with the GPS displacement analysis, neotectonics evidence found in faults traces associated to the Oca fault and the historical earthquake that affected the Colombian city of Santa Marta in 1834, lead us to conclude this. This is a big cortical fault that sets the limit between La Guajira peninsula and the SNSM. Its cortical characteristics were verified from geological data together with gravimetric and seismic exploration. The SNSM limits toward the southeast with the Cesar - Ranchería basin, and this basin in turn limits with the Perijá Range that is localized in the Colombia - Venezuela border. The SNSM, Cesar - Ranchería basin and Perijá Range limit toward the southwest with the Bucaramanga - Santa Marta fault (BSMF), the Oca fault toward the north, and Perijá - El Tigre fault toward the southeast defining a pyramidal orogenic complex. Using remote sensing images data with geological and regional geophysical information, we proposed that this orogenic complex was originated as a result of the Panama arc with the northwestern South America accretion. The final adjustment of the Caribbean plate (CP) between North America and South America during the Late Neogene produced the big cortical faults systems activation like Oca - Moron - El Pilar in Colombia and Venezuela toward the south of the Caribbean Plate (CP), and Motegua - Walton - Enriquillo - Plantain Garden toward the north of the CP. This situation was originated of a new subduction development of the Nazca - Cocos plates toward the south

  4. Chronic genetic damages in Geophagus brasiliensis exposed to anthropic impact in estuarine lakes at Santa Catarina coast--southern of Brazil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Benincá, Cristiane; Ramsdorf, Wanessa; Vicari, Taynah; de Oliveira Ribeiro, Ciro A; de Almeida, Marina I; Silva de Assis, Helena C; Cestari, Marta Margarete

    2012-04-01

    Biological monitoring through animals exposed to pollutants using biomarkers provides a promising tool for the identification of pollutants that may cause damage to human health and/or to sustainability of ecosystems. The effects of pollutants in fish tissues are important tools to understand the impact of human activities in natural ecosystems. The aim of this work was to study the water quality of two estuarine lakes in Santa Catarina, Brazil (Camacho Lake and Santa Marta Lake). Geophagus brasiliensis is a species widely distributed in Brazil and was used in this work. Comet assays in peripheral red blood and kidney cells, micronucleus tests in peripheral red blood cells, measurements of acetylcholinesterase activity in axial muscle and histopathological analysis of liver were used as biomarkers. Three sampling campaigns were undertaken in November 2004, June 2005 and November 2005. Thirty adult animals were sampled from each of three different sites (P1--Santa Marta Lake, P2 and P3--Camacho Lake). A negative control was sampled in a non-polluted site at Costa Ecological Park, Paraná. The positive control for genotoxicity was obtained by treating animals with copper sulphate. The results showed that both studied lakes are impacted by potential genotoxic substances. Severe lesions in liver of G. brasiliensis were also observed. The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity suggests the presence of pesticides or metals in the studied sites. This work shows that the water quality of Santa Marta and Camacho Lakes have been compromised and further control source of pollutants into these ecosystems is required.

  5. Diagnóstico del clima organizacional en una empresa de producción de aceite de palma africana de la ciudad de Santa Marta 2006

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    Karina Ceballos Moreno

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Antecedentes: El Clima organizacional es el componente de la administración al cual se le atribuye gran importancia en el momento actual de competitividad empresarial porque comprende las características que identifican plenamente una organización, ya que abarca todo el ambiente laboral que incluye desde las percepciones de los empleados con respecto a su empresa hasta la influencia de la estructura organizacional y el estilo gerencial que ejercen..Objetivo: El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar el Clima Organizacional imperante en una empresa del sector productivo de la ciudad de Santa Marta en el año 2006, con el fin de proponer planes de mejoramiento pertinentes a la situación encontrada.Método: El tipo de diseño utilizado fue el descriptivo transversal, con una muestra conformada por 34 empleados, seleccionados por el método aleatorio simple, a quienes se les pidió permiso, se les informó los objetivos del trabajo, el bajo riesgo, la participación fue enteramente voluntaria y se garantizó el completo anonimato. Se les aplicó el instrumento de medición de clima organizacional para empresas colombianas (IMCOC.Resultados: El Clima Organizacional de la empresa estudiada se encuentra en el rango de debilidad, al obtener el promedio de todas sus variables 4.99. Para este promedio influye mucho la variable Toma de Decisiones que logró un 3.33 como puntaje mínimo y la variable Objetivo como puntaje máximo con 5.61. Los otros puntajes obtenidos por las diferentes variables medidas son: Control (5.56, Relaciones Interpersonales (5.48, Liderazgo (5.39, Motivación (5.00 y Cooperación (4.59.Conclusiones: Se concluye que el Clima Organizacional imperante en la empresa no es el mejor al estar en el rango de debilidad, aunque en su límite superior, y se puede suponer, por los resultados obtenidos, que el “estilo gerencial” reinante es autocrático.Palabras clave: Clima organizacional; empresa

  6. Formas de maltrato infantil utilizadas por adultos de un barrio de Santa Marta

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    Diana Acosta Salazar

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Title: Forms of child abuse used by adults of a district in Santa MartaResumenEl maltrato sigue siendo una situación vivida por niños y niñas de todas las clases sociales, sin embargo, este suele presentarse con mayor incidencia en niños que viven bajo situación socioeconómica de pobreza, pudiendo afectar la calidad de vida de los mismos al ser víctimas de los malos tratos experimentados en su entorno familiar y social. El presente estudio tiene como fin describir las formas de maltrato infantil ejercidas por los adultos del barrio Las Malvinas en menores de 18 años. La metodología utilizada fue cuantitativa de características descriptivas y corte trasversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 83 adultos residentes en el barrio Las Malvinas, a los que se le aplicó la encuesta denominada Encuesta para la Detección de Maltrato Infantil o en Riesgo de Sufrirlo, dando como resultado que el maltrato psicológico presentó mayor incidencia; los actos de maltrato en menores fueron propiciados por algún miembro de la familia, y dentro de las situaciones desencadenantes descritas por los adultos encuestados se encuentran el exceso de trabajo y la escasez de dinero.AbstractChild abuse remains a situation experienced by children of all social classes, while this usually occurs with higher incidence in children living under poor socioeconomic status, which may affect the quality of life for these children to be victims of experienced abuse in their family and social environment. This study aims to describe the forms of child abuse used by adults the barrio Las Malvinas in under 18 years, the methodology used was descriptive and quantitative crosscut. The sample consisted of 83 adults living in the neighborhood of Las Malvinas, which is a survey called Survey for the Detection of Child Abuse or at risk for, resulting in the highest incidence psychological abuse, acts of abuse in children were prompted by a family member and in triggering

  7. Comparison of the flows of nitrogen and inorganic phosphorous, dissolved in the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean; obtained from incubation cameras in situ and incubation of silt nucleus in laboratory

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Navas S, Gabriel R; Zea Sven; Campos, Nestor Hernando

    2002-01-01

    This research focused on the comparison of low cost methodologies to determine ionic nitrogen and phosphorous fluxes across the soft sediment-water interface in Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta. In situ transparent incubation chambers and sediment cores for laboratory incubation were employed. It was found that inside the incubation chambers a depletion of dissolved oxygen occurred thus the incubation couldn't be extended for more than six hours, time insufficiently to detect important variations in concentration of the analyzed ions. Furthermore in addition, chambers were difficult to handle. Twenty-four hour sediment core incubation in the laboratory did not have the above-mentioned problems. Oxygen concentration could be kept constant, and ion concentration changes were generally large enough to allow quantitative estimations of the fluxes

  8. TECHOS VERDES: ¿UNA HERRAMIENTA VIABLE PARA LA GESTIÓN AMBIENTAL EN EL SECTOR HOTELERO DEL RODADERO, SANTA MARTA?

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    ZIELINSKI SEWERYN

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available El acelerado desarrollo urbano genera una serie de problemas no sólo sociales y económicos, sino también ambientales. Los techos verdes son unas de las nuevas tecnologías que pueden ser utilizadas como herramientas para la gestión ambiental en los edificios. Sin embargo, existen muchas barreras que impiden su implementación a gran escala. Este artículo hace una revisión profunda de las experiencias y resultados de numerosas investigaciones en el tema, destacando los beneficios de los techos verdes y mostrando las barreras para la implementación de esta tecnología en el sector hotelero del Rodadero, Santa Marta. La metodología consistió en la revisión de resultados de investigaciones llevadas a cabo en diferentes ciudades del mundo, haciendo énfasis en las realizadas en condiciones climáticas similares a la zona de estudio. Adicionalmente, se aplicaron encuestas a los gerentes de 18 hoteles en El Rodadero con el fin de conocer su opinión acerca del tema. Como resultado, se concluyó que los techos verdes pueden ser herramientas muy efectivas para la gestión ambiental si son implementados a gran escala. Sin embargo, en el caso de El Rodadero, ésta es una opción poco viable, aunque existe un interés de implementar proyectos pilotos que podrían disipar la desconfianza de los empresarios.

  9. Ausentismo y complicaciones de salud en usuarios de programas de hipertensión arterial de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Brigith Sánchez Serrano

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo:Identificar los factores presentes y las complicaciones de pacientes inscritos en losprogramas de hipertensión arterial de ocho centros ambulatorios de Santa Marta.Metodología:Estudio descriptivo, ambispectivo y multicéntrico; población conformada por24 programas de prevención y control de hipertensión arterial, seleccionados aleatoriamenteocho de ellos (30 %. De los 750 casos de inasistentes se calculó un tamaño muestral de 254,valor elevado a 300 para reducir el error de estimación. La información se recolectó medianteun cuestionario de identificación de condiciones de habilitación de programas, base de datos deinasistentes y aplicación de entrevista semiestructurada.Resultados:El porcentaje de incumplimiento de las condiciones de los programas de hipertensiónfue de (9 %; el récord de ausentismo de pacientes inscritos fue de 35,62 %. Mientras que losprincipales factores que motivaron el ausentismo fueron de orden institucional (32,6 %, personal(26,3 %, socioeconómicos (8.5 %, otras alternativas de tratamiento (9,4 %; las complicacionesmanifestadas sobresalientes se relacionaron con angina de pecho (34,1 %, alteraciones renales(29,2 % e infartos (9.7 %.Conclusiones:A pesar de los esfuerzos que llevan a cabo los organismos de salud para laprevención y el control de la hipertensión, aún es necesario desarrollar nuevas estrategias quereduzca el índice de ausentismo de los pacientes inscritos a dichos programas, y de esa maneracontribuir positivamente en la reducción de las tasas de complicaciones en la salud.

  10. Habilidades de liderazgo para una cultura de innovación en la gerencia de las universidades del distrito de Santa Marta

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    Sugey Martha Issa Fontalvo

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo es producto de una investigación cuyo propósito fundamental fue analizar las habilidades del liderazgo para una cultura de innovación en la gerencia de las universidades del Distrito de Santa Marta. Para ello se estudiaron las bases teóricas de Horth y Buchner; Hargreaves y Fink; Argyris; Drucker y Rodríguez. La metodología utilizada fue el paradigma de investigación positivista, no experimental, transeccional, descriptiva y de campo. La población finita estuvo constituida por 37 empleados. Como instrumento para la recolección de datos se elaboró un cuestionario utilizando categorías de respuestas tipo Likert de 18 ítems, validado por siete expertos en el área. La confiabilidad del instrumento fue de 0.96, determinada con el método Alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados indican la ausencia de habilidades del liderazgo. Asimismo, se concluye que la gerencia no posee capacidad para percibir aspectos y hechos relevantes, carece del manejo reflexivo de situaciones complejas, además de presentar problemas de comunicación. Finalmente, se recomienda elaborar talleres o cursos de formación sobre habilidades para lograr un cambio en el comportamiento en pos de un pensamiento estratégico innovador.

  11. Moluscos; anélidos y crustáceos asociados a las raíces de Rhizophora mangle linnaeus, en la región de Santa Marta, caribe colombiano Moluscos; anélidos y crustáceos asociados a las raíces de Rhizophora mangle Linnaeus, en la región de Santa Marta, caribe colombiano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Reyes Rosalba

    1992-09-01

    Full Text Available A qualitative and quantitative study of the community of macro invertebrates associated to the submerged stilt roots of the red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle Linnaeus, 1753, was carried out trimonthly between December 1988 and September 1989, in three stations at the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM and three at the Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona (PNNT, Bahia de Chengue, Bahia de Nenguange, Colombian Caribbean. 181 species were determined: 99 crustaceans, 50 molluscs and 32 annellids. Most of the 26.729 individuals counted were crustaceans (12.213 moluscs (11.635 and annellids (2.881. The lowest diversity and evenness values, and the highest dominance values were found at the CGSM, while the opposite occurred at the PNNT. Moreover, cluster analysis showed that at the CGSM temporal variations in community composition were greater than spatial ones, while at the PNNT spatial differences were stronger. Other factors that could be importantin determinig community structure were detected, such as vecinity to other ecosystems and/or species- specific biological aspects as adaptations to fluctuating conditions, reproductive acti vities, feeding habits and migration to protected and shaded habitats. Se realizó un estudio trimestral cualitativo y cuantitativo de la comunidad de moluscos, anélidos y crustáceos asociados a las raíces sumergidas del mangle rojo, Rhizophora mangle Linnaeus, entre diciembre de 1988 y septiembre de 1989, en tres estaciones en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM y tres en el Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona (PNNT, Bahía de Chengue y Bahía de Nenguange, Caribe colombiano. Se determinaron 181 especies: 99 crustáceos, 50 moluscos y 32 anélidos. En total se contaron 26.729 individuos: 12.213 crustáceos, 11.635 moluscos y 2.881 anélidos. Los valores más bajos de diversidad y equitatividad, y los mayores valores de dominancia, se encontraron en la CGSM, mientras que lo opuesto ocurrió en el PNNT. El análisis de

  12. Comparación de los métodos de inmunoensayo enzimático automatizado (VIDAS y PCR para la detección de Salmonella spp. en expendios de la ciudad de Santa Marta (Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Libardo Acosta

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: comparar los métodos de inmunoensayo enzimático automatizado VIDAS, (Vi- tek Immunodiagnostic Assay System, y el análisis molecular por Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR para detectar Salmonella spp en expendios de la ciudad de Santa Marta (Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Previamente se reportó la estandarización de la técnica de PCR para la detección de Salmonella spp. en un lapso de 12 horas. En colaboración con el Labo- ratorio de Salud Pública del departamento del Magdalena se procedió a tomar un total de 65 muestras de alimentos para análisis de vigilancia rutinaria, discriminados así: carne de res: 14 (21.5 %, embutidos: 18 (27.7 %, pollo: 7(10.8 %, pescado: 3(4.6 %, harinas: 13 (20 %, lácteos: 5 (7.7 % salsas: 4(6.2 % y ensalada: 1(1.5 %, en la ciudad de Santa Marta entre septiembre y noviembre de 2010. Las 65 muestras fueron sometidas a análisis microbiológico para la determinación de Salmonella spp. en el Laboratorio de Salud Pú- blica del departamento del Magdalena siguiendo el protocolo del VIDAS. Una alícuota de 1 mL del preenriquecimiento no selectivo fue enviada refrigerada al laboratorio de biología molecular de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia para ser analizada por PCR. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que los alimentos analizados en el Laboratorio de Salud Pública del departamento del Magdalena con VIDAS presentaron Salmonella spp. únicamente en cárnicos: 5/65 (7.7 %, mientras que esas mismas muestras analizadas por PCR mostraban la presencia de Salmonella spp. en 36/65 (55.4 %. Conclusiones: Los resultados indican que la PCR puede ser aplicada para realizar vigilan- cia epidemiológica y obtener resultados cualitativos confiables en menor tiempo.

  13. Relaciones sexuales en estudiantes de un programa de medicina de la ciudad de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Guillermo Augusto Ceballos Ospino

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Antecedentes: No existe duda en que las relaciones sexuales, sin la debida preparación, en los adolescentes están asociadas a embarazos no planeados y a infecciones de transmisión sexual. A la fecha no se han publicado informes sobre el comportamiento sexual en estudiantes universitarios de la ciudad de Santa Marta. Objetivo: Conocer, de manera descriptiva, el Comportamiento Sexual de los estudiantes de un programa de Medicina de una universidad de la ciudad. Método: Se aplicó una encuesta sobre comportamiento sexual a 250 estudiantes universitarios. El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo transversal. Resultados: La muestra estuvo conformada por 138 sujetos femeninos (55.2 % y 112 de sexo masculino (44.8% para un total de 250 estudiantes. Las edades se encontraban entre 16 y 24 años, con un promedio de 18.6 años (DE 1.60. Informaron haber tenido Relaciones Sexuales 114 (45.6% estudiantes. La edad promedio de inicio de haber tenido Relaciones Sexuales fue de 16 años (DE 2.1.De quienes manifiestan haber tenido relaciones sexuales penetrativas, 109 (95.6% informan que lo hicieron con pareja del sexo contrario y 5 (4.4% con pareja del mismo sexo. En los últimos seis meses 73 estudiantes (60% informa haber tenido relaciones cóitales penetrativas y de éstos 62 (54.4% alumnos manifiesta utilizar anticonceptivo actualmente y 52 (45.6% no utiliza método conceptivo alguno a pesar de mantener una vida sexual activa. Conclusiones: Se concluye que el 45.6% de los estudiantes han tenido relaciones sexuales alguna vez en su vida, y este mismo porcentaje se encuentra para la utilización de método anticonceptivo en la primera relación sexual. La edad promedio para el inicio de relación sexual fue de 16 años. El 54.4% de quienes mantienen vida sexual activa utilizan método anticonceptivo y de prevención. (Duazary 2006; 2:110-114

  14. Noise level in intensive care units of a public university hospital in Santa Marta (Colombia).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garrido Galindo, A P; Camargo Caicedo, Y; Vélez-Pereira, A M

    2016-10-01

    To evaluate the noise level in adult, pediatric and neonatal intensive care units of a university hospital in the city of Santa Marta (Colombia). A descriptive, observational, non-interventional study with follow-up over time was carried out. Continuous sampling was conducted for 20 days for each unit using a type i sound level meter, filter frequency in A weighting and Fast mode. We recorded the maximum values, the 90th percentile as background noise, and the continuous noise level. The mean hourly levels in the adult unit varied between 57.40±1.14-63.47±2.13dBA, with a maximum between 71.55±2.32-77.22±1.94dBA, and a background noise between 53.51±1.16-60.26±2.10dBA; in the pediatric unit the mean hourly levels varied between 57.07±3.07-65.72±2.46dBA, with a maximum of 68.69±3.57-79.06±2.34dBA, and a background noise between 53.33±3.54-61.96±2.85dBA; the neonatal unit in turn presented mean hourly values between 59.54±2.41-65.33±1.77dBA, with a maximum value between 67.20±2.13-77.65±3.74dBA, and a background noise between 55.02±2.03-58.70±1.95dBA. Analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between the hourly values and between the different units, with the time of day exhibiting a greater influence. The type of unit affects the noise levels in intensive care units, the pediatric unit showing the highest values and the adult unit the lowest values. However, the parameter exerting the greatest influence upon noise level is the time of day, with higher levels in the morning and evening, and lower levels at night and in the early morning. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier España, S.L.U. y SEMICYUC. All rights reserved.

  15. Caracterización del síndrome de Burnout en amas de casa residentes en el barrio Rodrigo de Bastidas de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Ubaldo Rodriguez de Avila

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available El síndrome de Burnout en amas de casa puede afectar la salud y la calidad de vida de esta población; lo anterior puede generar patologías y disfunción familiar. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue identificar y describir la presencia del síndrome de Burnout en amas de casa. Igualmente se estableció la relación existente entre el nivel sociocultural, el estado civil y la edad con la aparición del Burnout en amas de casa residentes del barrio Rodrigo de Bastidas en la ciudad de Santa Marta. Este estudio se desarrolló, a partir de la aplicación a 203 amas de casa quienes fueron seleccionadas de forma aleatoria, del Cuestionario de Burnout para Amas de Casa y una ficha sociodemográfica y se compararon los resultados. Estos mostraron que el 11,3 % estaban afectadas por el síndrome. Las edades oscilaban entre los 41 y 60 años y ellas ejercían labores domésticas desde hacía 1 a 30 años. La mayoría estaba casada o en unión libre y mostraron mayor nivel de cansancio emocional; lo que puede atribuirse al doble papel desempeñado: madres y trabajadoras. Así mismo un grupo significativo pertenecía a familias nucleares o extensas; por lo tanto, estas podían experimentar mayores estresores familiares. Abstract Burnout Syndrome in housewives can affect the health and quality of life of this population; this can generate diseases and family dysfunction. This article presents the results of an investigation whose aim was to identify and describe the presence of the Burnout Syndrome in housewives. Also was established the relationship between the socio-cultural level, marital status and age with the appearance of the Burnout in housewives who sit in the neighborhood Rodrigo de Bastidas in the city of Santa Marta. This study developed, from the application to 203 housewives who were selected randomly, of Burnout questionnaire for housewives and one tab socio-demographic and the results were

  16. Análisis y medición del clima organizacional en ips públicas y privadas de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Ingris Padilla García

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available El Clima Organizacional es un área estratégica de estudio en cualquier organización, afecta directamente al talento humano, su recurso más valioso y herramienta de éxito, crecimiento y sostenibilidad en el mercado. La presente investigación se desarrolla en cuatro Instituciones Prestadoras de Servicios de Salud (IPS de la Ciudad de Santa Marta: E.S.E. Hospital Central Julio Méndez Barreneche, Instituto de los Seguros Sociales, Clínica de la Mujer y Colsalud S.A. Todas estas IPS públicas o privadas. Al interpretar los datos obtenidos, se encontró que no existe un patrón de conducta que determine que el clima difiere entre las IPS del sector público con las del sector privado y que en su defecto, así como cada individuo tiene características especiales e individuales, dentro de un mismo sector también se presentan dichas diferencias de una organización a otra; por lo cual se infiere que el Clima Organizacional está influenciado más por los estilos de dirección que por cualquier otro factor; en las cuatro IPS objeto de estudio predomina un sistema organizacional autoritario, lo que se constituye en una gran debilidad, ya que el proceso de toma de decisiones está concentrado en la alta gerencia. Luego, se procedió a formular planes y estrategias que pretenda mejorar el clima organizacional existente y posicionarse dentro de un entorno competitivo y en constante cambio. (Duazary 2006; 2:121-129

  17. TEMPORAL TRENDS IN THE DETECTION RATES OF HEPATITIS B IN THE SANTA CATARINA STATE, BRAZIL

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    Chaiana Esmeraldino Mendes Marcon

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available Hepatitis B is a serious public health problem. The state of Santa Catarina presents areas of high endemicity. The aim of this study was to describe temporal trends in detection rates of hepatitis B in the period from 2002 to 2009 in Santa Catarina and in its regions. A time series study was carried out. Crude rates were calculated and standardized by age using the direct method. Annual variation percentages were estimated by Joinpoint regression. There were two distinct and significant trends in Santa Catarina. From 2002 to 2006 a significant increase of 5.9% per year was observed. From 2006, there was a significant decrease of 6.4% per year. In this same period the southern and far-western regions had significant increases of 15.9% and 4.6% and significant decreases of 7.5% and 4.8%, respectively. Greater Florianópolis and Northeast also showed significant increases until 2006, of 15.4% and 17.4%, respectively. In the following period, non-significant decreases of 5.8% and 9.8% respectively were observed. Foz do Rio Itajaí and Planalto Serrano showed non-significant increases up to half of the studied period of 21.1% and 12.0%, respectively and after, significant decreases of 21.5% and 18.0%, respectively. Vale do Itajaí showed a significant decrease of 9.7%; Planalto Norte showed a non-significant decrease of 0.6% and Midwest a non-significant increase of 2.7% per year, in the period from 2002 to 2009.

  18. COLIFORMES TERMOTOLERANTES EN AGUAS DE LAS POBLACIONES COSTERAS Y PALAFÍTICAS DE LA CIÉNAGA GRANDE DE SANTA MARTA, COLOMBIA

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    Silvia Narvaez

    2008-09-01

    Full Text Available La Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta es el sistema lagunar costero más grande e importante de Colombia y el más extenso del Caribe. En su territorio se alojan siete poblaciones carentes de un sistema de saneamiento básico adecuado, que vierten sus desechos sin ningún tipo de tratamiento directamente a la ciénaga. Teniendo en cuenta la importancia ambiental de este cuerpo de agua y con el objeto de conocer su calidad sanitaria se determinaron las concentraciones de Coliformes termotolerantes en aguas adyacentes de dos poblaciones costeras (Tasajera e isla del Rosario y tres palafiticas (Buenavista, Nueva Venecia y Trojas de Cataca durante el periodo 2004-2007. Adicionalmente, se realizaron mediciones de pH, temperatura, salinidad y oxígeno disuelto en cada sitio de muestreo. Las mayores concentraciones de Coliformes se encontraron en el palafito Trojas de Cataca, en la época seca mayor de cada año (7.800-9.000 NMP/ 100 mL y los menores niveles en la estación Buenavista (2-1.100 NMP/100mL. El patrón de comportamiento de las densidades de Coliformes en las poblaciones costeras fue similar en el tiempo y no se observó ninguna relación directa entre las variables fisicoquímicas y el grupo Coliformes. Dado lo observado, se considera importante vigilar la calidad del agua en el estuario, teniendo en cuenta que constituye una fuente potencial de riesgo para el desarrollo de las actividades económicas de la zona y para la salud de los pobladores.

  19. Archeointensity determinations on Pre-Columbian potteries from La Ceiba and Santa Marta shelter-caves (Chiapas, Mexico).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodriguez-Ceja, Maria; Camps, Pierre; Goguitchaichvili, Avto; Poidras, Thierry; Nicol, Patrick

    2014-05-01

    Quite surprisingly, the abundance of archaeological baked clays found in the tropical area of Mesoamerica contrast with the small amount of archeomagnetic data available today for this area [Fanjat et al, EPSL, 2013; Alva-Valdivia et al, PEPI, 2010, Morales et al., EPS, 2009]. It seems especially difficult to try to establish a regional trend in the intensity variations. While they are few, the data are moreover of uneven quality as attested by a large scatter in experimental values during the Mesoamerican classic and post-classic periods (250-1521 AD) that cannot be explained by real fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field [Fanjat et al, EPSL, 2013]. The present study is part of a large effort to provide reliable and perfectly dated archeointensity data for the tropical area of Mesoamerica. It focuses on Thellier-Thellier archeointensity measurements obtained from 87 small fragments from potsherds of 12 different potteries. These potteries were excavated from sedimentary sequences within two shelter-caves, La Ceiba and Santa Marta, located on the banks of Grijalva and La Venta rivers, respectively. Both are shelter-caves without constructed structures that were inhabited by humans groups. Samples were located in different stratigraphic levels, culturally well identified and well preserved due to long time sedimentation. Only samples with a homogenous color were pre-selected for the rock magnetic study performed prior to any attempt to estimate the archeointensity. This was done in order to assure, as far as possible, a uniform baking during the manufacture, which is supposed to be made in open sky fire, since no kiln construction has been found. The ceramics ages were achieved in 2 ways: for samples with organic material associated, a 14C dating was done. The rest of the samples were dated according to their typological characteristics, comparing with regional ceramic chronological classification. This includes characteristics such as the finishing surface type

  20. NEMÁTODOS PARÁSITOS DE Lutjanus synagris (Linneaus, 1758 Y Lutjanus analis (Cuvier, 1828 (PERCIFORMES, LUTJANIDAE EN LAS ZONAS DE SANTA MARTA Y NEGUANJE, CARIBE COLOMBIANO

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    Cortés J.

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available Se describen los nemátodos encontrados en el sistema digestivo de las especies de pargo Lutjanus synagris y Lutjanus analis. Esta investigación se orientó principalmente a la clasificación taxonómica de los parásitos y no a los efectos o patologías que estos puedan ocasionar en los peces. Se tuvo en cuenta que en Colombia los pargos constituyen uno de los recursos de mayor importancia para la comercialización; Lutjanus synagris y Lutjanus analis son especies demersales explotadas a lo largo de toda la región costera e insular del Caribe colombiano. Los tractos digestivos se colectaron de los pargos capturados artesanalmente (nasa, cordel por pescadores de las zonas de Santa Marta y Neguanje; se identificaron los siguientes géneros de nemátodos: Capillaria spp., Contracaecum spp., Cucullanus spp. y Raphidascaris spp.; el último género fue el más representativo.

  1. Estructura, antiestructura y sistema-mundo en una comunidad alternativa. El caso de los “jipi-koguis” en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta

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    Jean Paul Sarrazin

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Utilizando los conceptos de estructura , antiestructura , liminalidad y sistema-mundo , este ensayo analiza algunas representaciones a propósito de los “jipi-koguis”, nombre que le ha sido atribuido a una comunidad hippie en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Co - lombia, fundada a principios de la década de los setenta cerca de un asentamiento indígena kogui. Este tipo de grupos se plan - tean como proyectos “por fuera de la estructura”, “antisistémi - cos”, “alternativos”, lo cual es sometido acá a un análisis crítico, ya que los sujetos que hacen parte de estos grupos pueden ser claramente identificados a través de roles y posiciones dentro de una estructura social. Por otro lado, en su búsqueda de cambios y admiración por una cierta diferencia, este tipo de proyectos pretenden inspirarse en “otras culturas” ―en este caso la indíge - na―, presuponiendo equivocadamente que estas están radical - mente separadas del sistema moderno occidental. Se demuestra además que los discursos e intencionalidades de los sujetos que buscan salirse del sistema occidental y capitalista no pueden en - tenderse por fuera de ese mismo sistema. Finalmente, argumen - tamos que este tipo de comunidades, aunque dicen oponerse a la estructura social, tienden a estructurarse ellas mismas a medi - da que pasa el tiempo, generalmente por razones económicas y políticas.

  2. RIQUEZA Y ABUNDANCIA DE HESPEREOIDEA Y PAPILIONOIDEA (LEPIDOPTERA EN LA RESERVA NATURAL LAS DELICIAS, SANTA MARTA, MAGDALENA, COLOMBIA.

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    Neis José Martínez Hernández

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Las formaciones de bosque seco tropical secundario que se encuentran en las estribaciones de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, albergan una fauna representativa de lepidópteros. Este grupo es usado ampliamente como bioindicador del estado de conservación de bosques, por su sensibilidad a la intervención y especificidad en el uso de recursos. En el presente estudio se evaluó la variación de la riqueza y abundancia de las mariposas Papilionoidea y Hespereoidea en la reserva natural Las Delicias. Se seleccionaron dos sitios de muestreo con diferentes grados de intervención, ubicados a 200 msnm y entre los 400 y 550 msnm. Se realizaron cuatro faenas de registro y capturas, de abril a julio de 2008; se utilizaron dos redes entomológicas, con un esfuerzo muestral de 16 horas por faenas y 10 trampas Van Someren- Rydon cebadas con macerado de frutas y calamar. Se capturaron 432 adultos que corresponden a géneros y 66 especies. La familia Nymphalidae presentó mayor riqueza (42 y abundancia (250, destacándose la especie sombrófila Mechanitis lysimnia Fabricius (año con 41 ejemplares, la cual es común en bosques con amplia cobertura vegetal .El sitio 2, presentó mayor riqueza (48 y abundancia (236; que coincide con el espacio donde se presenta la cobertura arbórea más amplia y mayor variación en la estratificación vertical. Además, en este lugar la presencia del recurso hídrico fue permanente durante los muestreos. Con el aumento de las lluvias en junio y julio, se observó una mayor floración y fructificación de la vegetación en la zona; aumentando la disponibilidad de recursos y por consiguiente, una mayor riqueza y abundancia de Papilionoidea y Hespereoidea en el área de estudio.

  3. Características psicodemográficas de los paciente atendidos por intento de suicidio en un hospital de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Heidy Reyes Perez

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available  Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal a 13 de los 24 pacientes que acudieron a la urgencia del Hospital Central «Julio Méndez Bairenedie» de la ciudad de Santa Marta con diagnóstico de intento de suicidio. Previo consentimiento verbal de aceptación se les aplicaron cuatro instrumentos de medición en cuatro sesiones: Entrevista diseñada por los autores que recoge datos sociodemográficos, el Inventario de Orientación pam el Suicidio (ISO 30, Escala autoaplicada pam la depresión de Zung — Conde y la Escala ¿Cómo es tú Familia?. El perfil encontrado en este estudio señala que la gran mayoría de quienes lo intentan, independiente del sexo, son personas menores de 30 años, solteros, desempleados, con bajo nivel económico y educativo; el 38% de la muestra han efectuado dos intentos anteriores de los cuales el 80% pertenece al sexo femenino. El intento lo hacen ingiriendo sustancias medicamentosas, insecticidas y raticidas. La mayoría presentó un alto puntaje en ideación suicida lo que hace que a esta población se le deba prestar la mayor atención.

  4. [Reproduction of Joturus pichardi and Agonostomus monticola (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) in rivers of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eslava Eljaiek, Pedro; Díaz Vesga, Roy

    2011-12-01

    The freshwater mugilids Joturus pichardi and Agonostomus monticola, have been documented on ecological and distribution aspects, mainly for Central American populations, nevertheless, little information is available on their reproductive aspects, specifically in Colombian freshwater environments. Reproductive biology of the mugilids J. pichardi and A. monticola from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM) rivers was studied between July 2005 and December 2006. A total of 14 specimens of J. pichardi and 320 of A. monticola were collected. The reproductive biology was analyzed by means of: sexual proportion, gonadosomatic index, and mean size at maturity, fecundity and oocyte diameter. Additionally, a bioassay was carried out to evaluate the effect of salinity on spermatic motility and its possible relationship with the species' spawning area. These mugilids share habitats with similar ecological characteristics, in which strong currents; clear water and stony areas stand out. Gonadal maturity indicators and indirect evidence are presented to support the relationship between reproductive maturity and higher rainfall levels in the area (September, October and November), as well as the catadromous migration of J. pichardi and A. monticola. This last species females outnumbered males with a sex ratio of 2.3:1. Females mean size at maturity was 172mm of their total length (TL) and 108mm TL for males. Fecundity (F) was 23 925 +/- 4 581 eggs per gram of gonad, and was related to size by the equation F = 395.1TL(1.281); besides, the mean oocyte diameter was 362 +/- 40 microm. Considering the salinity effect on sperm motility in both species, results suggested that J. pichardi spawned in estuarine environments but the species did not migrate to fully marine environments; however, A. monticola withstood a broad range of salinity, suggesting a spawning from intermediate to total saline environments. Both species have high culturing potentials, considering that their feeding is

  5. [Relative abundance and microhabitat use by the frog Geobatrachus walkeri (Anura: Strabomantidae) in two habitats of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Martínez Baños, Vera; Pacheco Florez, Vanesa; Ramírez-Pinilla, Martha P

    2011-06-01

    Geobatrachus walkeri belongs to a monotypic frog genus endemic to the San Lorenzo area, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. This species has been categorized as endangered because of its small distribution area and the decline in the extent and quality of its habitat. It inhabits two forest types with different composition and structure, the native secondary forest and a pine plantation (dominated by Pinus patula). To compare the relative abundance and microhabitat use of this species in these habitat types, 30 quadrants/environment were distributed randomly. The individual number, microhabitat use and other aspects of its natural history were registered using visual encounter surveys in both sites, including non-sampled areas in the quadrants. The relative abundance of frogs was significantly different between habitats and among seasons. The highest abundance of G. walkeri relative to the total area was found in the pine plantation, being 2.3 times higher than in the natural forest. More frogs were significantly found during the rainy season; nevertheless, active individuals were also found during the dry season. Significant differences were found in the microhabitat use with respect to the forest type and season. The most frequently microhabitat used in the two forest types was the pine leaf-litter; besides, in the native forest, the microhabitat occupied more frequently presented medium and large size stones. Geobatrachus walkeri is a successful species in pine plantations, associated permanently to its leaf-litter environment where it seems to develop its entire life cycle. The clear modifications in the soils and water, derived from the introduction of the pine plantation in this area, seem not to have negatively affected the conservation and successful maintenance of this species.

  6. Experiencias docentes y su proyección en la identidad profesional: el caso de las maestras de Santa Marta y su entorno

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    María Concepción Domínguez Garrido

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación llevada a cabo en Santa Marta y el corregimiento de Juan y Medio-Riohacha (Colombia con un grupo de maestras afrodescendientes. El principal objetivo fue identificar las experiencias formativas que han marcado su estilo docente y las ha llevado a compartir una línea de desarrollo profesional, apoyada en el discurso narrativo y de implicación para dar respuesta a nuevos modelos de investigación y desarrollo profesional. A través de cuestionarios y entrevistas se recogieron las narrativas de 10 maestras, quienes respondieron a preguntas sobre sus experiencias formativas más significativas, teniendo en cuenta aspectos como: dónde, cuándo, por qué, para qué, con quién, qué, cómo, y sobre el impacto que ha tenido la experiencia docente en su desarrollo profesional. Se ha utilizado la metodología narrativa dado que el profesorado descubre en la identificación y análisis de las experiencias profesionales más innovadoras y relevantes que han vivido, las bases para aprender de su profesión y tomar decisiones para mejorar su identidad con ella. Los hallazgos derivados de esta investigación explicitan un camino de afianzamiento del pensamiento y actuaciones formativas, de las maestras implicadas, concretadas en: contextos escolares y familiares, finalidades para alcanzar el desarrollo profesional, desempeños en la práctica docente, escenarios de pluralidad y de encuentros de las culturas, así como en tiempos y cronología vivida.

  7. The competitive environment for entrepreneurship in the Colombian Caribbean region: case of Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta and Sincelejo

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    Jairo Alonso Orozco Triana

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available Rev.esc.adm.neg Este artículo tiene como propósito hacer un análisis de algunos de los trabajos hechos por la Comisión de Memoria Histórica de Colombia a la luz de categorías sobre la memoria que permitan establecer juicios de valoración sobre este ejercicio, y mirar alternativas en los caminos que quedan por recorrer en el país, sobre todo, de cara a los procesos educativos de una Colombia que necesita aprender a construir en el postconflicto.Sustentados en la Teoría Institucional de Douglas North y en los aportes de William Baumol, en este artículo se analiza el entorno competitivo para el emprendimiento en las cuatro ciudades principales del Caribe Colombiano: Barranquilla, Sincelejo, Cartagena y Santa Marta. El análisis parte de la opinión de unos expertos consultados para el estudio Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Caribe 2010. Los expertos seleccionados son personajes influyentes y conocedores desde diversos ámbitos del emprendimiento, por tanto el análisis de su perspectiva se constituye como una fuente importante para contextualizar el emprendimiento y poder generar las estrategias más adecuadas que permitan mejorar la competitividad global del territorio Caribe. Los resultados se dividen en dos, por un lado la opinión de los expertos en diversas categorías de las instituciones formales tales como políticas y programas, públicos, educación, legislación de propiedad intelectual; y por otro lado, sobre las instituciones informales como condicionantes sociales para el emprendimiento, tales como motivaciones, percepción de oportunidades, cultura a la innovación, entre otros. El profundo análisis de los resultados da cuenta de una institucionalidad formal resquebrajada con unas políticas públicas débiles, pocas fuentes de financiamiento y pocos incentivos, pero con unas instituciones informales, es decir, con los condicionamientos sociales en franca mejora. Este entorno constituye un ambiente de alguna forma hostil

  8. Marta Meiusi (Remmel) 100-aastane juubel

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    2006-01-01

    11. novembril 1906. aastal Hiiumaal sündinud Marta, San Francisco Seenioride Klubi auliige, ootab oma sünnipäevale sõpru ja sugulasi Eestist. Kingituseks kogutud raha soovib ta annetada Eesti Vigastatud Sõjameeste Ühingule

  9. Abundancia relativa y uso de microhábitat de la rana Geobatrachus walkeri (Anura: Strabomantidae en dos hábitats en Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Vera Martínez Baños

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available La rana Geobatrachus walkeri pertenece a un género monotípico y endémico del área de San Lorenzo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. La especie habita en el bosque secundario natural y en una plantación de pino (dominada por Pinus patula. Para comparar la abundancia relativa y el uso del microhábitat en estos dos hábitat y durante los períodos de máxima y mínima precipitación, se distribuyeron aleatoriamente 30 cuadrantes en cada bosque sobre los que se registraron el número de individuos y los microhábitats ocupados. Además se reconocieron otros aspectos de la historia natural mediante muestreo por encuentros casuales (VES, se incluye en los dos hábitats áreas no muestreadas por los cuadrantes. La mayor abundancia de ranas se obtuvo en la plantación de pino y durante la época de lluvias. El microhábitat más usado fue la hojarasca de pino. Geobatrachus walkeri es una especie exitosa en las plantaciones de pino, asociada permanentemente a su hojarasca en donde parece desarrollar todo su ciclo de vida. Las claras modificaciones derivadas de la introducción de las plantaciones de pino en el suelo y el agua, parecen no haber afectado la supervivencia y mantenimiento exitoso de esta especie categorizada como en peligro de extinción.

  10. Reproducción de Joturus pichardi y Agonostomus monticola(Mugiliformes: Mugilidae en ríos de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia

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    Pedro Eslava Eljaiek

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available Para los mugílidos de agua dulce Joturus pichardi y Agonostomus monticola se han documentado aspectos ecológicos y de distribución, principalmente para las poblaciones de América Central, sin embargo, hay poca información disponible de sus aspectos reproductivos, especialmente en ambientes de agua dulce de Colombia. Por lo tanto para ambas especies se estudió la biología reproductiva en ríos de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta durante julio de 2005 y diciembre de 2006. En total, 14 especímenes de J. pichardi y 320 A. monticola fueron capturados. Proporción sexual, índice gonadosomático, talla media de madurez, fecundidad y diámetros de los ovocitos fueron evaluados. Se realizó un bioensayo para observar el efecto de la salinidad sobre la movilidad espermática y su posible relación con el área de desove de las especies. Estos mugílidos comparten un hábitat con características ecológicas similares, de corrientes fuertes y claras y zonas pedregosas. Indicadores de madurez gonadal y evidencias indirectas son presentados y con los cuales se comprueba que el periodo reproductivo se encuentra relacionado con los mayores valores de precipitación de la zona (septiembre a noviembre, así como, la migración catádroma de J. pichardi y A. monticola. Estas especies representan un potencial de cultivo, dado su alimentación basada en vegetales y macroinvertebrados, la calidad de su carne y las tallas que pueden alcanzar, por lo cual, se deben efectuar estudios más profundos que revelen mayor información sobre su comportamiento y reproducción en cautividad.

  11. Marta Hrafnsdottir: "Käsitlen vokaali ja pille kui võrdväärseid instrumente" / Marta Hrafnsdottir ; intervjueerinud Mari Kolle

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Hrafnsdottir, Marta

    2010-01-01

    22.-25. septembrini toimuvast Eesti Muusika- ja Teatriakadeemia Sügisfestivalist lühidalt. Festivali peakülaliseks on hääleimprovisatsiooni õppejõud ja laulja professor Marta Hrafnsdottir Islandi Kunstide Akadeemiast

  12. TEJIENDO ENTRE REDES DIVERSAS: REFLEXIONES A PARTIR DE UNA ETNOGRAFÍA MULTISITUADA CON LOS PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS DE LA SIERRA NEVADA DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Milena Horta Prieto

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, es territorio de 4 pueblos indígenas: Kogui, Wiwa, Arhuaco y Kankuamo. Estos comparten la Ley de Sé, orden natural del universo, que en este trabajo se aborda como cosmopolitica (Stengers, a partir de la cual se gestiona la alteridad y se define la función de todos los seres existentes, desde una ontología animista (Descola. Los trabajos espirituales, entre los cuales se cuentan los pagamentos, son rituales en los que se realiza el tejido vital entre entidades, a partir del cual pueden circular los flujos energéticos y de pensamiento, que relacionan mamos (autoridades tradicionales, dueños de los existentes (Jaba y jate, y materiales sagrados, en una relación de intercambio que permite que las partes se reconfiguren y se apropien del sewá (conocimiento que cada uno posee. Algunos de estos materiales han sido removidos del territorio, frente a lo cual las organizaciones indígenas han comenzado un proceso de patrimonialización como estrategia de protección, interactuando con entidades del estado que tienen influencia en la configuración del mismo desde su dominio. En este marco, a partir de la categoría de cosmopolitica y del entendimiento del conocimiento indígena como epistemología, este trabajo reflexiona sobre el posicionamiento del antropóloga/o en ese ordenamiento desde donde se puede tejer entre redes de ontologías diferentes.

  13. Relaciones sexuales en estudiantes de secundaria de las zonas rurales del Distrito de Santa Marta, Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guillermo Augusto Ceballos Ospino

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Antecedentes: Los estudios sobre relaciones sexuales en adolescentes vienen siendo estudiados desde las últimas décadas debido a la proliferación de embarazos no planeados y a las infecciones de transmisión sexual, en especial el VIH-SIDA, el cual se presenta cada día en mayor proporción en los adolescentes. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores relacionados (ingesta de bebidas alcohólicas, consumo de sustancias ilegales y de cigarrillo alguna vez en la vida, grado de escolaridad, edad y pertenecer a una etnia con haber tenido relaciones sexuales en estudiantes de bachillerato de colegios públicos de zonas rurales. Método: Se aplicó una encuesta anónima sobre comportamiento sexual a estudiantes de secundaria de colegios públicos de las zonas rurales del Distrito de Santa Marta, con una edad promedio de 15.1 años (DE 1.9, seleccionados por el sistema de muestreo probabilística por conglomerados. No obstante el limitado tamaño de la muestra se realizó un modelo multivariado para haber tenido relaciones sexuales alguna vez en la vida. Resultados: Un total de 102 estudiantes del área rural, todos de colegios públicos, diligenciaron la encuesta, de las cuales seis (6 fueron eliminadas por presentar inconsistencias, por lo cual se trabajó con 96 sujetos. De este grupo 22 estudiantes eran amerindios (22.9%. La edad del grupo osciló entre 11 y 20 años, con un promedio de 15.1 años (DE = 1.9, 59 (61.5% de los sujetos eran varones. 33 estudiantes (34.4% respondieron afirmativamente para haber tenido relaciones sexuales. Se observó que ser de sexo masculino (OR = 2.67, IC95% 1.04-6.81, tener más años cumplidos (16.4 años promedio, DE = 1.5 frente a 14.4, DE = 1.7; F = 1.720, p = 0.193; t = 5.58, gl = 94, cursar un grado superior (9.8 años promedio, DE = 1.1 frente a 8.8, DE = 1.5; F = 7.907, p = 0.006; t = 3.79, gl = 82.6, ser amerindio (OR = 3.90, IC95% 1.45-10.53 y haber fumado alguna vez en la vida (OR = 2.65, IC

  14. Impacto de la reestructuración administrativa realizada durante el año 2004 en el clima organizacional de la Alcaldia de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Guillermo Augusto Ceballos

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available RESUMENEsta investigación tuvo como objetivo general el de medir el impacto que sobre el clima organizacional (CO tiene la reestructuración administrativa (20042005, mediante la comparación de sus variaciones en las etapas pre y post reestructuración en la Alcaldía del Distrito Turístico Cultural e Histórico de Santa Marta con el fin de proponer acciones o estrategias administrativas que permitan mejorar éste. Esta es una investigación de tipo descriptivo que toma como variable independiente la Reestructuración Administrativa que se da en la institución y como variables dependientes a las siete que constituyen el Instrumento de Medición del Clima Organizacional en Empresas Colombianas (IMCOC.  Por medio de este se establece que el proceso de reestructuración administrativa no afectó al CO, mostrándolo Aceptable para la primera medición, mientras que para la segunda el resultado es Bueno. Además se pudo determinar que su modelo administrativo es de tipo Autoritario dado que en la variable de Control se muestra como la más alta y la de Toma de Decisiones se observa como la más baja para el pos medición. Como la investigación constó de dos mediciones, una antes de finalizar el proceso de reestructuración y la segunda siete meses después de ésta, se quiso constatar si la diferencia entre la primera y segunda medición fueron significativas estadísticamente, para lo que se utilizó la prueba «t» de student y por la cual se concluyó que la diferencia no es estadísticamente significativa. (Duazary 2006; 1: 4 - 9 

  15. Los efectos del material par ticulado 10 (PM 10 y de las var iables climatológicas en las admisiones hospitalar ias por enfermedades respira torias en niños en la ciudad de Santa Mar ta, Colombia, 2008-2009

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    Alexander Salazar-Ceballos

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Title: The effects of particulate matter 10 (PM10 and climatic variables on hospital admissions for respiratory diseases in children in the city of Santa Marta, Colombia, 2008-2009.Resumen:Se realizó un estudio transversal en la ciudad de Santa Marta, para describir la asociación epidemiológica entre el material particulado (PM10 y las variables climatológicas, y sus efectos en las enfermedades respiratorias en niños menores de 14 años durante los años 2008 y 2009. Se observó una asociación débil pero significativa en ambos años en relación con el diagnóstico de enfermedades respiratorias de las vías altas y el invierno. Específicamente en el año 2008, se observó asociación epidemiológica con significancia estadística (p < 0,05 de presentar cualquiera de los síntomas respiratorios agudos y crónicos y su relación con tener menos de 9 años e invierno; pero para el año 2009 esta asociación epidemiológica fue menor y sin significancia estadística (p >0,05. Para ambos años no se observó un riesgo significativo (p > 0,05 de presentar síntomas respiratorios agudos o crónicos y vivir en una zona expuesta, pero se observó asociación epidemiológica no significativa de presentar síntomas respiratorios agudos y vivir en zona expuesta. Este estudio permitió conocer el comportamiento de las enfermedades respiratorias en Santa Marta, donde se observó una tendencia en el aumento de diagnósticos de las enfermedades infecciosas de las vías respiratorias altas, principalmente durante el invierno. (DUAZARY 2011 No. 2, 127 - 142AbstractCross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Santa Marta to describe the epidemiological association between particulate matter (PM10 and weather conditions and their effects on respiratory diseases in children under age 14 during 2008 and 2009. There was a weak but significant association in both years in relation to the diagnosis of respiratory diseases of the upper airway and winter

  16. Percepción social de los familiares de las personas que consumaron suicidio durante los años 2002-2005 en la ciudad de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Jackeline Arroyave González

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenAntecedentes: Uno de los principales factores psicosociales que confiere relevancia durante el análisis multicausal del suicidio es la familia, la cual actúa en el transcurso de la vida del individuo como agente modulador en su relación con el medio propiciando una menor o mayor vulnerabilidad para la enfermedad y el aprendizaje de conductas protectoras de la salud a partir de su funcionamiento familiar. Objetivo: Determinar la percepción social de los familiares de las personas que consumaron el suicidio en la ciudad de Santa Marta durante los años 2002-2005. Método: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario el cual hace referencia a la percepción social para los familiares del suicida, además el APGAR familiar como instrumento de apoyo. Resultados: De los 30 casos estudiados se encontró que las personas que se suicidaron con más frecuencia correspondían al sexo masculino en comparación al sexo femenino, en una relación de 3:1. Las edades en las cuales se presentaron más casos de suicidios corresponden a los rangos entre los 14 a 25 (30% y entre 26 a 35 (24%. Acorde con el tipo de familia en la cual vivía el sujeto, el 26% lo hacia en familia “nuclear” (padre, madre e hijos, el 37% era monoparental y el restante en lo conocido como familia “extensa”. Discusión: Se hace clara la contradicción existente entre la actitud positiva frente a la vida que mostraban según la opinión de sus familiares y la toma de decisión del suicidio, relacionado con presiones tanto ambientales como internas del sujeto, que sus familiares no percibieron en su totalidad o no le dieron la relevancia a las posibles reacciones que podían tener frente a estas circunstancias. (Duazary 2007; 2: 112 - 118AbstractBackground: One of the principal psycho-social factors that awards relevancy during the multi-causal analysis of the suicide is the family, which acts in the life’s course of individuals as

  17. Transporte de materia orgánica a lo largo de un río tropical de montaña en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Cesar Enrique Tamaris Turizo

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available En los ríos tropicales, la materia orgánica es la principal fuente de energía para las comunidades que allí habitan. Las principales proporciones de materia orgánica se encuentra la materia orgánica particulada gruesa (MOPG y  la materia orgánica particulada fina (MOPF. Por lo anterior, en este trabajo se evaluó el transporte de la MOPG,  la MOPF y su relación con algunas variables físicas y químicas en tres tramos de un gradiente altitudinal de los 50 msnm hasta los 1700 msnm durante un ciclo diario en el río Gaira (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Para lo cual se realizaron muestreos mensuales entre los meses de marzo a junio del 2008. Se detectaron diferencias significativas en la deriva de MOPG entre las estaciones, siendo la estación 2 (parte media durante el primer muestreo, la que registró los valores más altos reportados para todo el estudio (474 kg m-3 y la estación 3 mostró la menor biomasa derivante (0,26 kg m-3. La MOPF registró valores similares durante todos los muestreos (0,58 – 6,34 g m-3. Sin embargo, se detectaron diferencias significativas en los muestreos tres y cuatro. Con el aumento de las lluvias, descendió el transporte de  MOPG. Una relación inversa entre la velocidad del agua y el transporte de MOPG (rs = -0,70; n = 12; p < 0,05 se registró, mientras que la MOPF, presentó valores constantes. Los resultados de este trabajo coinciden parcialmente con lo registrado en la literatura, lo cual indica que las dinámicas de transporte de MO están relacionadas con las variaciones ambientales locales.

  18. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C markers among children and adolescents in the south brazilian region: metropolitan area of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina

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    Andréia Royer Voigt

    Full Text Available Hepatitis B and C are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Brazil, according to the Ministry of Health, about 15% of population is infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV and less than 1% by hepatitis C virus (HCV. Nevertheless, the age-specific prevalence of HBV and HCV markers remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV markers of infection and immunity in children and adolescents between 10 to 16 years old who live in the metropolitan area of Florianópolis, state of Santa Catarina, South of Brazil. Three hundred and eighty four individuals were enrolled in this study. Serological markers for HBV and HCV (HBsAg, total anti-HBc, anti-HBc IgM, anti-HBs and anti-HCV were determined through Microparticle Enzyme Immunosorbant Assay (MEIA - AxSYM System® - by using commercial diagnostic kits (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA. All 384 adolescents (100% were negative for HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM. Only two (0.52% were positive for total anti-HBc. Among the studied individuals, 226 (58.85% presented titers of anti-HBs > 10.0mIU/mL, 121 (31.51% presented anti HBs < 10.0mIU/mL, and 37 (9.64% did not present titers of anti-HBs. Regarding to anti-HCV, all 384 adolescents (100% presented negative results for this marker. In conclusion, this study showed a low prevalence of HBV and HCV infections. In addition, it was verified a great number of children and adolescents (89.84% who were positive for the immunity marker anti-HBs, implying that the National Immunization Program Protocol for hepatitis B has been effective in the studied region.

  19. Distribution of tortoises and freshwater turtles of the Colombian Caribbean

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Montes Correa, Andres Camilo; Saboya Acosta, Liliana Patricia; Paez, Vivian; Vega, Karen; Renjifo, Juan Manuel

    2014-01-01

    This research reviews the Colombian Caribbean distribution of the species Kinosternon scorpioides, Trachemys callirostris, Mesoclemmys dahli and Chelonoidis carbonaria, and to present new records for the region. The species K. scorpioides is reported for the first time in the Manzanares River drainage, Santa Marta, Department of Magdalena. Trachemys callirostris was recorded in the Canas River, Department of La Guajira, being the first record for this species in a small river on the north side of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Chelonoidis carbonaria was recorded in a wetland in Santa Marta. We recorded a female M. dahli in the village of Monterrubio, municipality of Sabanas de San Angel, Department of Magdalena. Three of the four species included in this account are listed in some category of threat. The lack of knowledge of the biology and distribution of these species could be considered a threat to them because ignorance precludes the establishment of their true conservation status and hinders the development of management plans required for their protection.

  20. Designing from a Disabled Body: The Case of Architect Marta Bordas Eddy

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    Natalia Pérez Liebergesell

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Studies on design, disability and phenomenology offer rich insights into how the designed environment is experienced by people with different abilities. In architectural design, this experience is only starting to become recognized as a valuable resource for designers. Considering disability as a particular kind of experience, we report on the focused ethnography of architect Marta Bordas Eddy’s design practice. We analyze how her design practice and outcomes connect with her embodied experience of being a wheelchair user and the role of architecture therein. We interviewed Marta, her sister/co-worker and her life partner/co-habitant, gathered design documents, and analyzed the house she designed for and by herself. Our study highlights how Marta’s experience of being disabled, combined with her background, informs how she assesses design and establishes distinct architectural qualities. Being a disabled person and a designer enables Marta to detect problems in an intuitive body-based manner and think of solutions at the same time. The analysis of Marta’s house moreover raises awareness of architecture’s role in (disabled people’s lives insofar it can support or impair human capabilities. It challenges prevailing views of what a house for a disabled person looks and is like, and how design can neutralize apparently restricted capabilities.

  1. Leptophis santamartensis (Serpentes, Colubridae), a junior synonym of Leptophis ahaetulla occidentalis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Albuquerque, Nelson R.; de Passos, Paulo; Gotte, Steve W.

    2012-01-01

    Leptophis santamartensis, known only from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, is one of the more poorly known species of the genus Leptophis. The characters used for its diagnosis largely overlap with those of other Leptophis, mainly with Leptophis ahaetulla occidentalis, the only other Leptophis known to occur in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. A detailed comparison of L. a. occidentalis with the two known specimens of L. santamartensis leads to the conclusion that the latter should be relegated to the synonymy of the former.

  2. Una nueva especie de Calyptranthes Sw. (Myrtaceae de Colombia

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    Parra Osorio Carlos Alberto

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie de Calyptranthes (Myrtaceae de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta de Colombia. Se discuten las afinidades taxonómicas de la nueva especie y su distribución en los Andes del norte de Suramérica.A new species of Calyptranthes (Myrtaceae from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, in Colombia, is described and illustrated. The taxonomic affinities and the distribution of the new species in the Andes of the northern part of Southamerica are discussed.

  3. Distribución espacial y temporal de larvas de Trichoptera (Insecta en el río Manzanares, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia

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    Daniel José Serna M

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Los insectos acuáticos son importantes como indicadores de calidad de aguas en ríos y arroyos. Uno de los grupos más abundantes son los Thichoptera, ellos juegan un papel importante por su papel funcional en los sistemas acuáticos. Por eso conocer su diversidad es prioritario. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la estructura de la comunidad del orden Trichoptera y su dinámica espacio-temporal en relación con los microhábitats y algunas variables físicas y químicas, en la parte media y baja de la cuenca del río Manzanares (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Se muestrearon mensualmente ocho microhábitats entre agosto 2002 y febrero 2003, durante los periodos de lluvias y sequía. Se recolectaron 3 316 larvas, repartidas en tres subórdenes pertenecientes a 10 familias y 14 géneros; seis de estos géneros y una familia son los primeros registros para el departamento del Magdalena (Colombia. Los tricópteros presentaron la mayor abundancia y riqueza genérica en los microhábitats Hojarasca Corriente Lenta, Hojarasca Corriente Rápida y Piedra Corriente Rápida, donde Nectopsyche (28%, Leptonema (17% y Smicridea (15% fueron los géneros más predominantes. La estructura, y composición de los géneros del orden Trichoptera variaron en cada estación en función del régimen pluviométrico y las variables físicas y químicas presentadas en la localidad de estudio, evidenciando las menores abundancias y riqueza en los periodos de altas precipitaciones (octubre y noviembre y las mayores en épocas de precipitaciones bajas (diciembre, enero y febrero. De igual forma las estaciones con mayores valores de oxígeno disuelto y menores valores en temperatura y conductividad reportaron las mayores abundancias de tricópteros. Los tricópteros evidenciaron preferencias por microhábitats específicos, variación en su composición de acuerdo con los periodos climáticos y respuesta a los niveles de polución del río. Se recomienda

  4. Mida teha Lätiga? / Mari Kooskora ; kommenteerinud Marta Piigli, Endel Hango

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Kooskora, Mari, 1969-

    2009-01-01

    Juhtimisülesanne, kus rahvusvahelises ettevõttes töötav regiooni direktor peab lahendama oma alluvuses olevas tütarettevõttes tekkinud vastuolud. Lahendust otsivad Vendor Eesti OÜ turundusjuht Marta Piigli ja SELF II koolitaja Endel Hango

  5. Variabilidad espacial de propiedades físicas y químicas en suelos de la granja experimental de la Universidad del Magdalena (Santa Marta, Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Rafael Vásquez Polo

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available En suelos destinados a la actividad agrícola de la granja experimental de la Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta - Colombia (74° 07' Y 74° 12' longitud oeste y 11° 11' y 11° 15' latitud, se estudió la variabilidad espacial de las propiedades físicas: humedad gravimétrica, textura, densidad aparente (Da, resistencia a la penetración (RP y conductividad hidráulica (KH y químicas: Materia orgánica (MO, pH, CIC, N, P, K, Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, B, utilizando una grid o malla de 29m*29m con 184 puntos de muestreo. El análisis de los datos se realizó empleando enfoques univariado, geoestadístico y multivariado. El análisis estadístico de los resultados mostró gran variabilidad de las propiedades; la densidad aparente y el pH presentaron baja variación; los componentes texturales, la RP, Ca+2, Mg+2, Cu y B mostraron variación media, mientras que la humedad gravimétrica, KH, MO, K+, Na+, CIC, Zn, P, Mn y Fe, expresaron alta variación. Con el análisis Geoestadístico se visualizó y graficó la variabilidad de cada propiedad evaluada y se evidenció la existencia de moderada dependencia espacial en las propiedades excepto en los contenidos de arena, Ca+2, CIC, P y Cu que revelan fuerte dependencia espacial. El índice de homogeneidad multivariado para los suelos en estudio fue bajo, siendo textura, Na+, B, Fe, K, pH, Ca y MO las propiedades con mayor contribución a la heterogeneidad. El análisis de clasificación permitió agrupar cuatro zonas con condiciones edáficas similares, las que se podrán utilizar para determinar el sistema de muestreo, número de muestras, tamaño y distribución de unidades experimentales y con ello facilitar la implementación de prácticas de manejo agronómico acordes con las características de cada zona.

  6. Variabilidad espacial de propiedades físicas y químicas en suelos de la granja experimental de la Universidad del Magdalena (Santa Marta, Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Menjivar Flores Juan Carlos

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available En suelos destinados a la actividad agrícola de la granja experimental de la Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta - Colombia (74º 07' Y 74º 12' longitud oeste y 11º 11' y 11º 15' latitud, se estudió la variabilidad espacial de las propiedades físicas: humedad gravimétrica, textura, densidad aparente (Da, resistencia a la penetración (RP y conductividad hidráulica (KH y químicas: Materia orgánica (MO, pH, CIC, N, P, K, Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, B, utilizando una grid o malla de 29m*29m con 184 puntos de muestreo. El análisis de los datos se realizó empleando enfoques univariado, geoestadístico y multivariado. El análisis estadístico de los resultados mostró gran variabilidad de las propiedades; la densidad aparente y el pH presentaron baja variación; los componentes texturales, la RP, Ca+2, Mg+2, Cu y B mostraron variación media, mientras que la humedad gravimétrica, KH, MO, K+, Na+, CIC, Zn, P, Mn y Fe, expresaron alta variación. Con el análisis Geoestadístico se visualizó y graficó la variabilidad de cada propiedad evaluada y se evidenció la existencia de moderada dependencia espacial en las propiedades excepto en los contenidos de arena, Ca+2, CIC, P y Cu que revelan fuerte dependencia espacial. El índice de homogeneidad multivariado para los suelos en estudio fue bajo, siendo textura, Na+, B, Fe, K, pH, Ca y MO las propiedades con mayor contribución a la heterogeneidad. El análisis de clasificación permitió agrupar cuatro zonas con condiciones edáficas similares, las que se podrán utilizar para determinar el sistema de muestreo, número de muestras, tamaño y distribución de unidades experimentales y con ello facilitar la implementación de prácticas de manejo agronómico acordes con las características de cada zona.

  7. Palicus Alternatus Rathbun (Decapoda: Brachyura un nuevo registro para el Caribe colombiano Palicus Alternatus Rathbun (Decapoda: Brachyura un nuevo registro para el Caribe colombiano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Campos Néstor Hernando

    1991-06-01

    Full Text Available Se describe por primera vez para el Caribe colombiano un representante de la familia de cangrejos Palicidae, Palicus alternatus Rathbun, 1897, de la región de Santa Marta. Se complementa la descripción y se hacen anotaciones sobre su dimorfismo sexual. One member of the crab family Palicidae, Palicus alternatus Rathbun, 1897, is described by the first time for the Colombian Caribbean; the species was collected in the Santa Marta region. The description of P. alternatus is completed, including a discussion of its sexual dimorphism.

  8. Ensayo de Marcado-recaptura para la estimación de tasas de crecimiento en peces arrecifales del género Acanthurus en el Caribe colombiano Ensayo de Marcado-recaptura para la estimación de tasas de crecimiento en peces arrecifales del género Acanthurus en el Caribe colombiano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Duarte Sergio A.

    1992-09-01

    Full Text Available The mark and recapture technique was used with the three species of the genus Acanthurus in order to establish growth rates and length-weight relationships during the upwelling and rainy seasons in the area of Punta de Betín, Santa Marta, Colombia. Se empleó la técnica de marcado y recaptura en peces marinos para establecer tasas de crecimiento mensual y relaciones longitud- peso para las tres especies del género Acanthurus, durante las épocas de sequía (surgencia y lluvias en el área de Punta de Betín, Santa Marta, Colombia.

  9. Supplementation of diets for Santa Ines sheep with organic and inorganic zinc sources

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávio Garcia Vilela

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available This research was conducted with objective to evaluate the effect of different zinc (Zn sources and doses in the diet for Santa Ines sheep. Forty lambs at weaning, with 18.4 kg of body weight were supplemented with three different sources of zinc (zinc oxide (ZnO, zinc amino acid and zinc proteinate and three doses of zinc (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg DM added to the basal diet. At every 28 days, animals were weighted and blood samples were collected for analyses of zinc (Zn, alkaline phosphatase and immunoglobulin G (IgG and M (IgM. At the end of experiment, liver samples were collected for determination of the hepatic zinc levels. Zinc was analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, while phosphatase alkaline and immunoglobulins G and M were analyzed using Laborlab and Bioclin kits, respectively. There was no effect of diets on phosphatase alkaline levels and hepatic zinc, but there was difference in the plasmatic zinc levels and IgG and IgM levels. Based on the accumulation of hepatic zinc, the estimate of the zinc bioavailability, through the regression equation, showed that supplementation with organic and inorganic sources of zinc did not differ in the diet of Santa Ines sheep.

  10. Niveles de pensamiento y resolución de problemas matemáticos en los estudiantes del programa psicología de una universidad pública de Santa Marta (Magdalena

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liliana Quintero Díaz

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Title: Levels of thinking and solving mathematical problems students program in psychology of a public university Santa Marta (Magdalena.ResumenEl objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar las diferencias entre los niveles de pensamiento lógico y la resolución de problemas matemáticos de los estudiantes de primero a octavo semestre del programa Psicología de una Universidad Pública, a través de un tipo de estudio descriptivo-correlacional, aplicando instrumentos que miden el nivel de pensamiento lógico (TOLT, y la resolución de problemas matemáticos (PRP. Se encontró a nivel general un 56.7% en pensamiento concreto, un 37.4% en transición y el 5.8% en formal; en cuanto a resolución de problemas matemáticos, el 50.9% se encuentra en un nivel bajo, 19.9% en medio, y 29.2% en alto. Los resultados señalan la existencia de diferencias entre los niveles de pensamiento y resolución de problemas matemáticos en los estudiantes de primero a octavo semestre del programa de Psicología de una Universidad Pública a una t=-4.676, significancia bilateral de 0.00. (DUAZARY 2012 No. 2, 123 - 131AbstractThe objective of this research was to determine the differences between the levels of logical thinking and solving mathematical problems of students from first to eighth semester of the program psychology of a public University, through a kind of descriptivo-correlacional study, using instruments that measure the level of logical thinking (TOLT, and mathematical problem solving (PRP. Was found at a general level a 56.7% in particular thinking, a 37.4 per cent in transition, and 5.8% in formal; in mathematical problem solving, the 50.9% is located in a low level, 19.9% in the Middle, and 29.2% high. The results indicate the existence of differences between the levels of thinking and mathematical problem solving in students from first to eighth semester of the programme of psychology of a public University, with a t =-4.676 to bilateral

  11. Marta Rodríguez, descolonizando la representación documental latinoamericana

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    Pedro Pablo Gómez Moreno

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available En esta conversación entre la cineasta documental Marta Rodríguez y Pedro Pablo Gómez, antes que hacer un recorrido cronológico por el trabajo la artista, se abordan problemas transversales que están presentes a lo largo de su obra: el cine documental como modo de representación; la construcción de una metodología del cine documental latinoamericano; el carácter decolonial de la obra de Rodríguez y su compromiso indeclinable durante más de cuatro décadas de acompañar las luchas de campesinos, indígenas y afrodescendientes, entre otros. Y es en este abordaje donde Marta Rodríguez, haciendo uso de una memoria extraordinaria, puede tejer un relato en el que se destaca la ética de la artista y su compromiso indeclinable de denuncia de las injusticias sociales, utilizando las tecnologías del cine, no para hablar por las víctimas, sino para hacer escuchar sus voces y mantener vivas sus imágenes; unas imágenes que interpelan el discurso colonial mediante el cual se ha tejido nuestro relato de nación.

  12. Efecto de diversos métodos de preprocesamiento matemático al completar datos faltantes en los monitoreos del complejo lagunar Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, mediante el enfoque de atípicos aditivos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carvajalino Fernández Marcos A.

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Se presentan los resultados de la aplicación de diversas técnicas de preprocesamiento de datos con la finalidad de adecuar las series de tiempo de las variables fisicoquímicas medidas en el complejo lagunar Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta a los requerimientos mínimos de la metodología de determinación de observaciones faltantes mediante atípicos aditivos a través del software Tramo and Seats for Windows (TSW: TRAMO and SEATS for WINDOWS, Gómez & Maravall, 2009. Las series utilizadas corresponden a los registros históricos de un proyecto de monitoreo para la rehabilitación de la zona entre 1993 y 2008. Se evaluaron cuatro enfoques de preprocesamiento: Interpolación histórica, escalamiento, división y división con interpolación histórica. Los cuatro métodos fueron comparados aplicándolos a 4 variables en 3 estaciones de monitoreo dentro del sistema lagunar. Los métodos de interpolación histórica y escalamiento mostraron resultados favorables al preparar los datos de las series históricas para el uso del método de atípicos aditivos, con valores de cuadrado medio del error (MSE de los residuales entre 0.172 x 102 y 19.28 para la interpolación histórica y entre 0.232 x 102 y 17.818 para el escalamiento. Se recomienda el uso de interpolación histórica en casos de series cortas con vacíos distribuidos aleatoriamente o en estudios donde la frecuencia original del muestreo sea un factor decisivo, mientras que en casos de series con vacíos agrupados y mayor longitud, deben ser tratados mediante escalamiento de la frecuencia de muestreo.

  13. 77 FR 54949 - Unblocking of Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons Pursuant to Executive Order 12978

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-09-06

    ...; Cedula No. 8758394 (Colombia) (individual) [SDNT]. 19. MERCADO DE LA HOZ, Manuel Enrique, c/o COPSERVIR... (Colombia) (INDIVIDUAL) [SDNT]. Entity 1. YAMAHA MUNDIAL LIMITADA, Carrera 4 No. 5A-03, Santa Marta...

  14. State of conservation of Santa Martha's hills, Colombia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lopez Salgado, Hector Jaime; Carbono Delahoz, Eduino

    2006-01-01

    The urban growth of Santa Marta and the occupation without planning of their surrounding hills, affect their natural conditions. The hills are part of the scenic beauty of the city and its conservation is indispensable to maintain the standard of life in her the vegetal cover corresponds to forests and scrubs of isomegathermic floor with xeromorphic characters, due to the low pluvial precipitation, this landscape characterizes the Colombian Caribbean coast in a narrow strip that extends from the south of the Guajira to the gulf of Morrosquillo. At the present time, only they are left surpluses in natural state, due to the floristic simplification of the vegetation, the introduction of invading species and modification of the landscape. The responsibility of the suitable handling of the urban space is imperative for the official, private sector and citizen institutions. The objective is to make an evaluation of the environmental conditions of hills of the city, in order to obtain basic elements, for the design of appropriate strategies of handling and its conservation. By means of the use of the GIS, with verification and aerial photo interpretation of field a multi-temporary study (1955-1993-2003) of the vegetal cover of the hills was elaborated that allowed to establish the happened changes. The execution of inventors allowed knowing the wealth and the structure floristic the vegetal cover of the area. The work was executed between May of the 2004 and May of the 2005

  15. Recurring Discord

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    2010-01-01

    Venezuela-Colombia diplomatic disputes draw attention to Latin America’s struggle for solidarity The diplomatic dispute between Colombia and Venezuela ended when the presidents of the two nations met in Santa Marta,Colombia,on August 10.

  16. FLORULA URBAN FRAGMENT OF TROPICAL DRY FOREST

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Willington Barranco-Pérez

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this study was to record the composition of plant species in an urban fragment of tropical dry forest of secondary regeneration (bs-T to generate information that can be used in the planning and management of green spaces in the city of Santa Marta. Transects of 2 x 50 m were established equivalent to 0.1 ha and all species were counted >1.0 cm DBH (Diameter at Breast Height: 1.3m. 100 species of angiosperms were recorded of which 47% have herbaceous habit. The number of species recorded in this study represents 39.6% of the species reported for the hills of Santa Marta and 3.8% for the dry forests of Colombia. It is suggested to isolate this type of secondary formations of any intervention and contemplate the reintroduction of individuals and conservation strategies.

  17. Ordenar para controlar. Ordenamiento espacial y control político en las Llanuras del Caribe y en los Andes Centrales Neogranadinos. siglo XVIII

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Patiño Millán

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Marta Herrera Ángel. Ordenar para Controlar. Ordenamiento espacial y control político en las Llanuras del Caribe y en los Andes Centrales Neogranadinos. Siglo XVIII. Bogotá: Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia - Academia Colombiana de Historia, 2002, pp. 343. En este libro Marta Herrera estudia la estructuración del ordenamiento espacial y político durante el siglo XVIII de las llanuras del Caribe, nombre con el cual denomina el ámbito espacial correspondiente a las gobernaciones de Cartagena y Santa Marta,  y los Andes Centrales, apelativo que utiliza para referirse a los territorios de la provincia de Santafé y la jurisdicción de la ciudad de Tunja.

  18. The zooplankton of Santa Catarina continental shelf in southern Brazil with emphasis on Copepoda and Cladocera and their relationship with physical coastal processes El zooplancton de la plataforma continental de Santa Catarina, sur de Brasil con énfasis en Copepoda y Cladocera y sus relaciones con procesos físicos costeros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Domingos-Nunes

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available Very few studies have been carried out to exclusively investigate the zooplankton community of Santa Catarina State continental shelf, despite the economic and ecological importance of the area. This coastal region of southern Brazil presents highly relevant oceanographic processes, such as the strong influence of continental inputs, resurgence in the Cabo de Santa Marta Grande and River Plata plume water to the south. Two sampling cruises were carried out, in December 2005 and May 2006, in order to study temporal hydrological variations, and their influence on the biota of the region. Zooplankton samples for analysis were obtained by oblique hauls with Bongo nets at 33 sampling stations arranged in profiles perpendicular to the coast on each cruise. The predominant groups found in the samples were Copepoda, Cladocera, Salpidae and Chaetognatha, which presented higher densities at the stations closer to the coast. In the case of the December 2005 cruise, the salinity and temperature gradients perpendicular to the coast, promoted by the continental inputs to the north of the area and by the upwelling to the south, determined the limits of distribution of Acartia lilljeborgi and Penilia avirostris. However, the temperature and salinity gradients longitudinal to the coast determined on the May 2006 cruise did not explain the species distribution, indicating that biotic forcing mechanisms may have been active in the ecology of the system during this period.A pesar de la importancia económica y ecológica del área todavía no habían sido realizados estudios exclusivamente destinados a la investigación de la comunidad zooplanctónica de la plataforma continental del Estado de Santa Catarina. Esta región costera del sur de Brasil presenta procesos oceanográficos de alta relevancia, tales como fuerte influencia de aportes continentales, resurgencia en el Cabo de Santa Marta Grande y la pluma de agua del río Plata en el sur. Se efectuaron dos

  19. The occupational health of Santa Claus

    OpenAIRE

    Straube, Sebastian; Fan, Xiangning

    2015-01-01

    Previous publications in the field of Santa studies have not focused on health and safety issues arising from Santa?s workplace activities. However, it should be acknowledged that unique occupational hazards exist for Santa Claus. Major occupational health issues affecting Santa are discussed, along with suggestions for future research directions.

  20. Análisis de los factores ambientales y ocupacionales en la concentración de aerobacterias en unidades de cuidado intensivo del Hospital Universitario Fernando Troconis, 2009 Santa Marta - Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés M. Vélez-Pereira

    2014-06-01

    lez-Pereira AM, Camargo Caicedo Y. Análisis de los factores ambientales y ocupacionales en la concentración de aerobacterias en unidades de cuidado intensivo del Hospital Universitario Fernando Troconis, 2009 Santa Marta-Colombia. Rev Cuid. 2014; 5(1: 595-605. 

  1. SÍNTOMAS RESPIRATORIOS Y FUNCIÓN PULMONAR EN NIÑOS DE 6 A 14 AÑOS DE EDAD Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA CONTAMINACIÓN POR MATERIAL PARTICULADO PM10 EN SANTA MARTA- COLOMBIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lídice Álvarez Miño

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available undamentos: Los efectos del material particulado (PM10 sobre la salud respiratoria son de interés en salud pública por el alto riesgo de enfermar y morir de la población expuesta, más aun cuando se trata de niños. El objeti- vo del estudio fue identificar la asociación entre las concentraciones de PM10 con la presencia de síntomas respiratorios y la alteración de la función pulmonar en niños de 6 a 14 años en la ciudad de Santa Marta. Método: Estudio transversal. La muestra fue de 305 niños seleccionados aleatoriamente entre los escolares matriculados en los colegios de las zo- nas identificadas. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios: (i la encuesta del Inter- national Study of Asthma Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC, para identifi- car síntomas de rinitis alérgica y asma y (ii la encuesta de identificación de co-variables en el ambiente domiciliario. Se realizaron espirometrías para evaluar la función pulmonar. Para caracterizar la exposición se defi- nieron cuatro zonas de la ciudad en las que se ubicaron muestreadores de bajo volumen fmrOMNI, para medir las concentraciones de PM10. Se uti- lizó EpiInfo 3.5.3 para los análisis bivariados (chi2 y multivariados (re- gresión logística y se calcularon odds ratio (OR. Resultados: La prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios en la población es- tudiada fue de 39,3%. Vivir en zonas expuestas (ORa=2,19 p=0,0015 y tener gatos (ORa=1,79 p=0,0389 aumentaron el riesgo de presentar sín- tomas del tracto respiratorio superior. Conclusiones: En escolares de 6 a 14 años la exposición a concentracio- nes de PM10 superiores a 70μg/m3 aumenta el riesgo de presentar sínto- mas de tracto respiratorio superior y de alterar la función pulmonar.

  2. La Cordillera Oriental Colombiana, Transecto Sumapaz

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hammen, van der T.; Rangel, J.O.; Cleef, A.M.

    2008-01-01

    The publication of this volume (volume 7) concludes the publication of the study of the Transects of Buritaca (Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta), Parque Los Nevados (Cordillera Central), Tatamá (Western Cordillera) and Sumapaz (Eastern Cordillera) in the Colombian Andes. The latter three studies

  3. Percepción del riesgo al cambio climático y sus efectos sobre la salud y enfermedades infecciosas en estudiantes universitarios, 2011 Santa Marta - Colombia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexander Salazar Ceballos

    2014-06-01

    sensibles al cambio climático. Conclusiones: Se puede concluir que los estudiantes de ciencias de la salud de la Universidad del Magdalena conforme se encuentran en semestres superiores adquieren una mayor percepción del riesgo del impacto del cambio climático sobre la salud pública y sobre el aumento de las enfermedades infecciosas.Palabras clave: Cambio Climático, Enfermedades Transmisibles, Riesgo, Salud Pública, Dengue. (Fuente: DeCS BIREME.Cómo citar este artículo: Salazar Ceballos A, Álvarez Miño L, Muñoz Sánchez EP, Carreño Orozco JD, Rodríguez Choles BH. Percepción del riesgo al cambio climático y sus efectos sobre la salud y enfermedades infecciosas en estudiantes universitarios, Santa Marta, Colombia, 2011. Rev Cuid. 2014; 5(1: 613-22. 

  4. The REDCAM, institutional Cooperation for the Surveillance of the Quality of the Marine and Coastal waters in Colombia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ana Maria Velez G; Marin Z, Bienvenido; Garay T, Jesus A

    2003-01-01

    The Colombian Marine Environment Monitoring Network (REDCAM) initiated in 2001, with the purpose of grouping the institutions and the efforts necessary to evaluate the chemical and sanitary quality of the marine and estuarine waters of Colombia; it is composed of 16 nodes and main server located at INVEMAR (Santa Marta); each node counts with hardware and software for a Input and retrieval tables and cartographic information a about the quality o marine and coastal waters of Colombia. It was established a network of field stations that covers most of the Colombian coasts. In each one, since 2001, twice a year, it has been registering the values of the main physicochemical and bacteriological variables that characterize the quality of the marine and estuarine waters. Based on this information, the following zones have been identified as critical for its marine and coastal pollution: Santa Marta, Cartagena, Barranquilla, Morrosquillo, Uraba and San Andres, in the Caribbean coast and Buenaventura, Guapi and La Tola in Pacific coast

  5. Validación y aplicación de un modelo de restauración de manglar basado en individuos para tres especies en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jenny Alexandra Rodríguez-Rodríguez

    2016-07-01

    Full Text Available En la década de los años 90 los manglares de la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM murieron masivamente por los altos niveles de salinidad en el suelo. Este hecho estimuló la reapertura de cinco canales naturales para reducir la salinidad y mejorar las condiciones del bosque (Proyecto PROCIENAGA. Con base en esta experiencia, en 1999 un modelo basado en individuos (FORMAN fue desarrollado para simular trayectorias de restauración del bosque; sin embargo, este modelo fue restringido a un único sitio de la CGSM y a la fecha no había sido probado. Para mejorar su sensibilidad y predictibilidad para simular tendencias del Área Basal (AB de los árboles de Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans y Laguncularia racemosa en este estudio se validó, calibró y ajustó el modelo FORMAN, usando datos de 16 años de monitoreo. Para ello, se modificó la interfaz del modelo y se ajustaron algunas rutinas de cálculo y parámetros. Se ejecutaron dos escenarios de simulación: (1 Asumiendo estabilidad en el intervalo de variación de la salinidad y, (2 aumentado la salinidad de acuerdo con el incremento promedio de los últimos tres años. Los ajustes en las tasas de reclutamiento y salinidad calculada permitieron calibrar el modelo y reproducir el patrón y la magnitud observada en tres estaciones. En dos estaciones solo se reprodujo el patrón de los datos. Las tendencias generales del AB de cada especie y su dinámica, así como las magnitudes actuales para las estaciones que sufrieron mayor impacto inicialmente, fueron reproducidas adecuadamente. Bajo un escenario en el que la salinidad se mantiene en un intervalo estable, el sistema alcanzaría la estabilidad en el largo plazo (>100 años. Un incremento promedio constante en la salinidad intersticial, resultaría en una disminución severa del AB en el corto plazo (menos de 20 años, demostrando la vulnerabilidad de la CGSM a los incrementos en salinidad y la necesidad de implementar medidas de

  6. Livro "Sou Asas", de Marta Morgado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Comissão Editorial

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available "Sou Asas" é um livro infantil de Marta Morgado que nos remete a uma situação muito comum em salas de aula com pessoas surdas, que são naturalmente batizadas por seus colegas com um sinal a partir de suas características físicas ou de personalidade. Ele narra a história de Joana, uma menina surda, que cresceu numa escola de ouvintes e, portanto, não conhecia a Língua de Sinais. Pela primeira vez numa escola de Surdos descobre que no Mundo dos Surdos, todos têm um nome gestual - e ela também terá. Apesar de sua autora ser estrangeira e utilizar a Língua Gestual Portuguesa - LGP, o livro é de fácil entendimento, pois possui ilustração cheia de detalhes onde as diversas características de pessoas surdas são pontuadas, como por exemplo, a presença de um amigo da escola que possui a Síndrome de Wanderburg e assim é identificado. O DVD que acompanha o material apresenta a mesma história em LGP possibilitando inúmeras atividades em sala de aula, como também o conhecimento de outra Língua de Sinais. Maiores informações e outras obras da mesma autora no site www.surduniverso.pt

  7. Detección de signos y síntomas de alteraciones en la salud mental de los habitantes del barrio ocho de diciembre Santa Marta, DTCH

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tatiana Cecilia Gonzalez Noguera

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: El Segundo Estudio Nacional de Salud Mental y Consumo de Sustancias Psicoactivas de 1.997, evidencio la situación del departamento del Magdalena con respecto a la salud mental mostrando que el 9.8% presenta una alto probabilidad de sufrir trastorno mental, el 173% consume bebidas alcoholicas y su inicio promedio es a los doce años, la prevalencia anual de tabaquismo es de 23.8%, de marihuana del 2.0%, de cocaina del 0.4%y de violencia de 13.0%. Estos indicadores muestran la necesidad de desarrollar acciones tendientes al mejoramiento de la calidad de la poblacion, las cuales son responsabilidad de coda ente territorial desarrollar proyectos y programas orientados hacia la promoci6n de la salud y prevencion de la enfermedad con el fin de modificar y disminuir los indices de morbilidad y mortalidad por estas causas. Objetivo: Detector los factores de riesgo que favorecen la presencia de probables alteraciones en la salud mental de los habitantes del barrio ocho de Diciembre de la Comuna Cinco del Distrito de Santa Marta, que permita la toma de decisiones para el direccionamiento de los programas académicos de intervención en la promoción de la salud mental y prevención de enfermedades en este sentido. Población y Metodo: Se realizo un estudio descriptivo de base comunitaria en todos los habitantes y residentes en el barrio Ocho de Diciembre, quienes fueron el universo, la fuente de información y la unidad de análisis. Para la recolección de la información se utilizaron instrumentos de detección precoz de signos y síntomas de alteración en la salud mental en adultos tales como depresión o angustia, psicosis, epilepsia y alcoholismo, la encuesta de detección del maltrato y violencia intrafamiliar se aplico a la figura de autoridad en la familia. Resultados: Se encontraron 196 familias, 199 personas mayores de 15 años y 170 niños menores de 15 años de edad. En los niños se detecto posibles trastornos del

  8. Balones que inspiran

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniel Samper Pizano

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available Unión Magdalena "el fervor de un pueblo". Varios Autores. Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta, 2004, 271 págs., il. Rey de corazones. El Medellín, una pasión crónica. Varios autores. Medellín, Pregón Ediciones, 2004, 162 págs.

  9. Santa and the Moon

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Barthel, P.

    This article reflects on the use of illustrations of the Moon in images of Santa Claus, on Christmas gift-wrapping paper and in children's books, in two countries which have been important in shaping the image of Santa Claus and his predecessor Sinterklaas: the USA and the Netherlands. The

  10. Herpetofauna of Neguanje, Tayrona National Natural Park, Colombian Caribbean

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rueda Solano, Luis Alberto; Castellanos Barliza, Jeiner

    2010-01-01

    The Herpetofauna of the Tayrona National Natural Park (Neguanje sector) was studied during 30 days between September and October 2004 by visual records, an active search and the arrangement of barriers with pitfall traps interception. 44 species (11 of amphibians and 33 of reptiles), distributed in 18 families and 37 genera, were registered. The species accumulation curves showed that approximately 20 days are sufficient to record all species of lizards, but not for the species of frogs and snakes. The lizard Lepidoblepharis sanctaemartae was the most abundant species recorded on the sector, which implies a potential advantage to assure its protection. The local distribution of the Colostethus ruthveni species, which had been reported in 1997 elsewhere for the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, was extended. Finally, this study reveals that the herpetofauna at Neguanje represents 33% of the total number of species reported for the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, which has positioned this area as one of the most representative in terms of biodiversity in the Colombian Caribbean.

  11. State of the a child labour

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Elvis Augusto Orozco Castillo

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available The present article is a result of the first phase of the investigation titled ‘The Magdalena needs happy children’, in which the state of the art that is going to be investigated about the population of the minors that study and work in the district of Santa Marta and the Magdalena is shown.

  12. Discurso Feminino: Sujeito, História e Imaginário em Eleodora e Memórias de Marta

    OpenAIRE

    Rodrigues, Cláudia Regina da Silva

    2016-01-01

    IX Congresso Brasileiro de Hispanistas realizado nos dias 22 a 25 agosto 2016 A pesquisa em questão se caracteriza, inicialmente, por resgatar do esquecimento os escritos das autoras Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera (Peru) e de Júlia Lopes de Almeida (Brasil). Tentamos entender como as mulheres representadas nas obras ficcionais Eleodora (Carbonera) e Memórias de Marta (Almeida), foram configuradas pelas escritoras. As personagens foram mulheres comuns, vítimas do sistema patriarc...

  13. Las instituciones educativas y la comunidad frente al maltrato infantil: una experiencia de investigación acción participativa Educative institutions and the community faced with child maltreatment: an experience of participative action research

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Dilia Mieles Barrera

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available La investigación "Diagnóstico del Maltrato Infantil en la Comuna 8 del Distrito de Santa Marta", financiada por el Fondo Patrimonial para el Desarrollo de la Investigación de la Universidad del Magdalena (Santa Marta, Colombia y desarrollada por el Grupo de Investigación en Educación Infantil, caracteriza las formas de maltrato infantil (MI más frecuentes en esta zona de la ciudad y describe el papel de las instituciones educativas y la comunidad frente a esta problemática. La metodología Investigación-Acción-Participativa (IAP permitió movilizar la sociedad civil, instituciones educativas y organizaciones gubernamentales para trabajar en el diagnóstico y prevención. Se encontraron todas las formas de maltrato caracterizadas y los principales maltratadores se reconocieron como pertenecientes al grupo familiar. Se identificaron factores protectores en las familias, la comunidad y el Estado. La extrema pobreza y el bajo nivel educativo propician el maltrato y originan condiciones de vida injustas para la infancia, violación de sus derechos y grave daño en su desarrollo integral. Se recomienda: i Desarrollar estrategias de formación y prevención con las familias y la comunidad para disminuir la violencia intrafamiliar y escolar; ii que las instituciones educativas intervengan con una activa función preventiva; iii organizar programas de apoyo social, económico y psicológico, que mejoren la calidad de vida de las familias y contribuyan a la protección de la infancia, con apoyo de universidades, organismos oficiales e institucionales, iv difundir ampliamente los resultados visualizando la preocupante presencia del maltrato infantil y concientizando sobre su prevención.The study entitled "Diagnostic of Child Maltreatment in Commune 8 of the District of Santa Marta" (Diagnóstico del Maltrato Infantil en la Comuna 8 del Distrito de Santa Marta sponsored by the Patrimonial Fund for the Development of Research of the University of

  14. Macroeconomia do Turismo Argentino em Santa Catarina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Meurer

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Resumo O Estado de Santa Catarina experimentou um considerável crescimento do setor de turismo nas últimas décadas. O fluxo turístico de origem argentina revelou-se um ingrediente importante dessa trajetória. Este artigo focaliza um aspecto pouco explorado, aparentemente, da participação argentina no turismo estadual: a relação entre a situação macroeconômica do país vizinho e a demanda turística por Santa Catarina lá originada. Começa-se abordando brevemente a problemática geral da macroeconomia do turismo. Depois, discorre-se sobre o crescimento desse setor em Santa Catarina, destacando a presença de argentinos. A terceira parte desenvolve uma análise baseada em tratamento estatístico de dados sobre demanda e receita geradas por esses turistas no estado, com exame das correlações envolvendo taxa de câmbio e taxa de crescimento do PIB da Argentina. Palavras-chave: turismo; Santa Catarina; turistas argentinos; economia argentina Abstract The State of Santa Catarina has witnessed a considerable development of its tourist sector in the last decades. The demand from Argentina has proved to be an important factor of that growth. This article deals with a feature of the presence of Argentinians in the state which seems to be scarcely studied: the relationship between the macroeconomic situation of Argentina and the tourist demand in Santa Catarina originated from that country. The first part of the article considers briefly the general issue of tourism macroeconomics. The second one looks upon tourism growth in Santa Catarina, stressing the presence of visitors from Argentine. The third section develops an analysis based on statistical treatment of data concerning demand and income generated by such tourists in Santa Catarina, involving correlations that consider aspects like exchange rate and the rate of GDP increase in Argentina. Keywords: tourism; Santa Catarina; tourists from Argentina; Argentina’s economy

  15. Harold A. Hyde: Recollections of Santa Cruz County

    OpenAIRE

    Hyde, Harold A.; Jarrell, Randall; Regional History Project, UCSC Library

    2002-01-01

    A fifth-generation Santa Cruz County resident, Hyde has been in on the creation of organizations and institutions ranging from UCSC and Cabrillo College to the Community Foundation and the Cultural Council of Santa Cruz County. His contributions to California and Santa Cruz are documented in his oral history. Following infantry combat service with the U.S. Army in Europe during World War II and graduate studies in business at Harvard, Hyde returned to Santa Cruz County and a career a...

  16. AIDS in Mexican prisons.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Olivero, J M; Roberts, J B

    1995-01-01

    The human rights organization Americas Watch, which toured Mexican prisons, reported in 1991 that all prisoners with HIV infection in the Mexico City area were housed in a single AIDS ward in Santa Marta Prison. In 1991, the 16-bed facility had 15 patients; in 1993, this number had increased by 5. In Mexico City, with 3 prisons holding over 2000 male adults each, there were only 20 known infected prisoners in the AIDS ward at Santa Marta. In 1991, authorities at Matamoros, in the state of Tamaulipas, insisted that none of their inmates had ever been diagnosed as infected with HIV. The prison physician at Reynosa indicated that only 2 inmates since 1985 had ever been diagnosed as infected. In 1992, the prison in Saltillo, in the state of Coahuila, reported that here had yet to be a single positive test for HIV. The prison at Reynosa held 1500 people and only 2 inmates were diagnosed as having AIDS between 1985 and 1991. Prisons at Matamoros and Saltillo held similar numbers but had no experience of infected inmates. A survey of 2 prisons in the state of Tamaulipas indicates that around 12% of the population may use IV drugs, and 9% indicate sharing needles. It is possible for prisoners to die of diseases like pneumonia, associated with AIDS, without the connection to AIDS being diagnosed. Each state, and possibly each prison in Mexico, has its own particular AIDS policies. Santa Marta was the single facility in Mexico City used to house AIDS-infected prisoners, who were segregated. Finally, the prison at Saltillo required all women entering the facility to have a medical examination, including a test for HIV. High-level prison personnel have demonstrated ignorance and fear of AIDS and intolerance of infected prisoners. Mexico must reassess the need to provide adequate medical care to offenders who are sick and dying behind bars.

  17. Santa Rosa de Lima: uma santa anoréxica na América Latina? Santa Rosa de Lima: ¿una santa anoréxica en Latinoamérica? Saint Rose of Lima: an anorexic saint in Latin America?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cybelle Weinberg

    2005-04-01

    Full Text Available A literatura especializada tem nos mostrado que é grande a semelhança entre o comportamento alimentar das santas jejuadoras medievais e o das anoréxicas atuais. No entanto, há poucas referências sobre a existência de santas jejuadoras na América Latina. No presente trabalho, os autores salientam aspectos da vida de Santa Rosa de Lima, Patrona da América e Filipinas, que poderiam ser descritos como comportamentos anoréxicos. Comparando os aspectos psicopatológicos da vida de Santa Rosa com o comportamento das anoréxicas atuais, pareceu confirmar-se um padrão uniforme de comportamento, especialmente quanto ao aspecto imitativo, fator que poderia levar as jovens da atualidade a desenvolverem um transtorno alimentar após terem algum tipo de informação sobre o transtorno.La literatura especializada nos muestra gran similitud entre el comportamiento alimentar de las santas de la edad media que ayunaban y el de las anoréxicas de la actualidad. Hay pocas informaciones sobre santas que practicaban ayuno en Latinoamérica. En este artículo, los autores resaltan aspectos de la vida de santa Rosa de Lima, Patrona de América y Filipinas, que pueden ser considerados como comportamientos anoréxicos. Al comparar aspectos psicopatológicos de la vida de santa Rosa con el comportamiento de anoréxicas de la actualidad, parece que se confirma un modelo uniforme de comportamiento, especialmente respecto al aspecto de imitación, hecho que podría llevar a las jóvenes de hoy a desarrollar un trastorno de la alimentación luego de recibir informaciones sobre el tema.The specialized literature has shown us the great similarity between the eating habits of medieval fasting women saints and today's anorexic women. Nonetheless, there are few references to the existence of such fasting women saints in Latin America. The authors of this paper present some aspects of the life of Saint Rose of Lima, the patroness of the Americas and the Philippines, that

  18. You're a "What"? Santa Claus

    Science.gov (United States)

    Royster, Sara

    2013-01-01

    Professional Santas entertain children and adults during the holiday season at all types of events. They work at shopping malls or stores; entertain crowds at parades and tree lightings; and make appearances at holiday parties, charity events, and people's homes. Most Santas work during the Christmas holiday season, which usually lasts from late…

  19. Los cangrejos ermitaños del género Paguristes Dana (Anomura: Diogenidae de la costa norte colombiana, con la descripción de dos nuevas especies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Campos C. Néstor Hernando

    1995-06-01

    Full Text Available Nine species of hermit crabs of the genus Paguristes are reported from the Caribbean Colombian coast; P.paraguanensis was previously reported from the Guajira Peninsula. The other eight species are new reports from the Colombian Caribbean; two of them, P. zebra and P. werdingi are new spp.. The first one come Irom the Bahía de Cartagena and Islas del Rosario; the second is more widely distributed, since it has been lound from the Santa Marta region to Bahía de Portete, in the Guajira Penfnsula.Se registran nueve especies de cangrejos ermitaños del género Paguristes para la costa Caribe colombiana; P. paraguanensis había sido registrada previamente para la región de la Guajira. Las ocho especies restantes son nuevos registros para el Caribe colombiano y dos de estas, P.zebra y P. werdingi, son nuevas especies. La primera procede de la Bahía de Cartagena y las Islas del Rosario; la segunda tiene una distribución más amplia, se la ha encontrado desde la región de Santa Marta hasta la Bahía de Portete, en la península de la Guajira.

  20. APLICACIÓN DE LA ESPECTROFOTOMETRÍA ULTRAVIOLETA PARA DETERMINAR EL OXÍGENO DISUELTO EN AGUA POR EL MÉTODO WINKLER

    OpenAIRE

    Ramírez T., Gustavo

    1992-01-01

    Se utilizó la espectrofotometría ultravioleta en reemplazo de la titulación convencional con tiosulfato de sodio para determinar el oxígeno disuelto en aguas naturales por el método Winkler. La determinación del oxígeno en aguas de diferente salinidad (Río Manzanares, Ciénaga Grande y Bahía de Santa Marta) no mostró diferencias estadísticas significativas (p

  1. Déficit de atención con y sin hiperactividad y su relación con lesiones traumatológicas en niños entre 6 y 12 años en la clínica El Prado de la ciudad de Santa Marta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Roberto Joaquín Del Gordo D´Amato

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available ResumenEl trastorno por déficit de atención con o sin Hiperactividad (TDAH se define como un trastorno crónico sintomáticamente evolutivo, esta alteración del neurodesarrollo en el niño suele caracterizarse por la presencia de problemas para concentrarse y dedicarse a una tarea asignada o al cumplimiento de reglas impartidas; permaneciendo en constante movimiento. Por tanto, estos niños son propensos a presentar accidentes con un alto riesgo de lesionarse, fracturarse o sufrir algún tipo de trauma físico de grados variables, a diferencia de los niños que miden sus actos y no presentan déficit de atención. Este estudio se llevó a cabo, en el marco de la investigación descriptivo – correlacional, con el objetivo de describir la relación existente entre el trastorno por déficit de atención con y/o sin hiperactividad (TDHA y las presencia de lesiones y/o traumas ortopédicos en Niños entre 6 y 12 Años en la Clínica El Prado de la Ciudad de Santa Marta. Pacientes y Métodos: se conformó un grupo de 31 niños con su respectiva autorización de padres, tutores o representantes legales, 21 de ellos eran hombres (67,7% y 10 mujeres (32,3% los cuales asistían por lesiones ortopédicas al servicio de urgencias de la Clínica El Prado y fueran diagnosticados con déficit de atención con y sin hiperactividad, pudiendo así obtenerse una muestra del 15,5% en relación a la población total. Para el diagnostico del TDHA se utilizaron los Criterios diagnósticos del DSM IV, DSM IV Checklist o lista de síntomas, y la escala Multidimensional del Comportamiento BASC para Padres y Docentes. Resultados: De acuerdo con los datos estadísticos se puede observar que aunque un gran número de niños que conforman la muestra presentan características propias del diagnóstico de déficit de atención y sus subtipo (60%, no existe evidencia estadísticamente significativa que demuestre la relación entre ésta y la presencia de lesiones y

  2. Brote de fiebre amarilla selvática en Colombia 2004

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pilar Bernal M.

    2004-03-01

    Full Text Available

    Antecedentes: el 9 de enero se confirma un caso de fiebre amarilla en la sierra nevada de Santa Marta cuya circulación viral es la continuación de la presentada en el 2003 en la región del Catatumbo. En la región no se confirmaban casos desde el año 1979 y el comportamiento del brote es similar al presentado en dicho año.

    Metodología: estudio descriptivo longitudinal de casos captados mediante vigilancia activa comunitaria, estudio de casos y vigilancia pasiva. Los casos son confirmados por IgM, inmunohistoquímica y patología. Se realizaron acciones del fortalecimiento de la vigilancia de febriles icterohemorrágicos, entomológica, vectorial y de epizootias. Igualmente acciones de intensificación de la inmunización de susceptibles y educación a la comunidad.

    Resultados: se confirmó la circulación del virus en epizootias ocurridas en tres zonas de la región (Municipios de Valledupar, La Paz y Santa Marta. Por fecha de inicio de síntomas los casos comenzaron en la semana 51 de 2003 y el pico epidémico fue en la semana 1 de 2004; el último caso se confirmó el 22 de enero de 2004. Se confirmaron 29 casos de 787 notificados (15 del distrito de Santa Marta, 8 del departamento del Cesar y 6 de La Guajira; 20% de los casos fueron captados por vigilancia activa. El 28% fue confirmado por patología e inmunohistoquímica y el restante por IgM. El grupo de edad con mayor incidencia fue 15 a 44 años (75%, hombres (72% y agricultores (45%. La letalidad fue 28%.

    La vigilancia entomológica reportó la presencia de Sabethes s.p en Valledupar y los índice médicos, excepto en esta última ciudad, fueron mayores del 10%. Las coberturas de

  3. El consumo de Cigarrillo en adolescentes Escolarizados De Santa Marta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guillermo A. Ceballos O.

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available El consumo de cigarrillo es la principal causa de enfermedades que se puede prevenir.1 No obstante, un número significativo de adolescentes inicia y se mantiene en el consumo de cigarrillo.2 Los adolescentes, por lo general, consumen cigarrillo de manera ocasional; sin embargo, un número importante muestra un patrón de consumo diario.3 Algunas investigaciones sugieren que aquellas personas que fuman de manera ocasional muestran menores riesgos psicosociales que los fumadores diarios y mayor facilidad de abandono del consumo.  

  4. Inmaculada Sánchez et Marta Díaz (dir., Doc 21 Panorama del reciente cine documental en España

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pietsie Feenstra

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available Inmaculada Sánchez et Marta Díaz apportent un recueil d’articles très intéressants sur la richesse du documentaire espagnol actuel. A part des analyses précieuses sur quelques documentaires récents (En Construcción, 2000, Guerín ; El efecto Iguazú, 2002, Pere Joan Ventura et Georgina Cisquella ; La leyenda del tiempo, 2006, Isaki Lacuesta,…, l’ouvrage pose de nouvelles questions sur le processus de création et les moyens de financement ou la diffusion. Les deux axes permettent de mettre en l...

  5. Myxomycetes de Florianópolis (Santa Catarina - Brasil Myxomycetes of Florianópolis (State of Santa Catarina - Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laise de Holanda Cavalcanti

    1994-07-01

    Full Text Available Considerando a inexistência de registros de ocorrência de Myxomycetes em Florianópolis, realizou- se coletas nas matas da Lagoa do Peri e Lagoa da Conceição, em 1990, assinalando-se as seguintes espécies : Lycogala exiguum Morg. (Enteridiaceae ; Cribraria languescem Rex, C. vulgaris Sclir. (Cribrariaceae ; Arcyria cinerea ( Bull. Pers. , Hemitrichia serpula ( Scop. Rost., H. calyculata ( Speg. Farr e Hemitrichia sp (Trichiaceae ; Stemonitis fusca Roth. e S. smithii Macbr. (Stemonitaceae. Exsicatas encontram-se depositadas no herbário UFP. Lycogala exiguum é assinalada pela primeira vez para Santa Catarina, Cribraria languescens para a região Sul e Cribraria vulgaris para o Brasil. O levantamento eleva para 47 o número de espécies referidas para o Estado de Santa Catarina. Fornece-se um histórico do estudo deste qrupo de organismos em Santa Catarina bem como a área de ocorrência de cada espécie no Estado e nas diferentes regiões do Brasil.A survey on Myxomycetes was made in the woods of Lagoa do Peri and Lagoa da Conceição in 1990, considering the absence of reports of this kind for the city of Florianópolis, when the following species were registered: Lycogala exiguum Morg. (Enteridiaceae; Cribraria languescem Rex, C. vulgaris Schr. (Cribrariaceae; Arcyria cinerea (Bull. Pers. Hemitrichia serpula (Scop. Rost., H. calyculata (Speg. Fair and Hemitrichia sp (Trichiaceae; Stemonitis fusca Roth, and S. smithii Macbr. (Stemonitaceae. Exicates are deposited at the herbarium UFP. Lycogala exiguum is noted for the first time in the state of Santa Catarina, Cribraria languescem in the South and Cribraria vulgaris in Brazil. The survey raises up the number of registers refered to the state of Santa Catarina to 47 species. A review of the studies on this group of organisms in Santa Catarina is given as well as the area where each species occur in this state and in different regions of Brazil.

  6. Status sistematico del género geobatrachus ruthven 1915 (amphibia: anura)

    OpenAIRE

    Ardila Robayo, María Cristina

    2012-01-01

    The different familial assignations proposed until now for Geobatracbus are compiled. Through the collection of a virtual topotypical series of this monotypic genus, which is endemic of the NW section of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta Massif (Departamento del Magdalena, Colombia), a detailed description was made.  67 morphological characters were selected according to the criteria used by Lynch and Heyer in their studies on the philogeny and classification of the leptodactylid frogs, and su...

  7. Juegos miméticos: La invención de las niñas. [Lectura de dos cuentos de Marta Brunet

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    Lorena Amaro Castro

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available In the short stories "La nariz" and "La niña que quiso ser estampa" by Marta Brunet, child characters carry metatextual discourses revealing the author's relationship with the literary institution in Chile during the first half of the 20th century. The representation of childhood as a cultural object and its metaphorical use will be the starting point to reflect on Brunet's ambiguous insertion in the "lettered city", the mimetic operations she had to project in order to be accepted by her contemporaries and the construction of female characters aiming towards a personal and creative autonomy

  8. Taxonomic notes on Holcobunus Roewer, 1910, with descriptions of three new species, and new records for Holcobunus nigripalpis Roewer, 1910 (Opiliones: Eupnoi: Sclerosomatidae).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tourinho, Ana Lúcia; Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo; Bragagnolo, Cibele

    2015-10-05

    Three new Brazilian species of Holcobunus Roewer, 1910 are described, thus increasing the total number of species in the genus to five: Holcobunus bicornutus Mello-Leitão, 1940, H. nigripalpis Roewer, 1910, Holcobunus dissimilis sp. nov. (type locality: Espírito Santo, Santa Teresa, Reserva Biologia Augusto Ruschi), Holcobunus ibitirama sp. nov. (type locality: Espírito Santo, Ibitirama, Santa Marta, close to Parque Nacional Caparaó), and Holcobunus uaisoh sp. nov. (type locality: Minas Gerais, Fervedouro, Parque Estadual Serra do Brigadeiro). A new record for Holcobunus nigripalpis Roewer, 1910 from Minas Gerais is also provided and the morphological variation in both penis and somatic morphology in the genus are presented and discussed. These observations enhance our understanding of both the diversity and distribution of Holcobunus.

  9. Validation and evaluation of an HPLC methodology for the quantification of the potent antimitotic compound (+)-discodermolide in the Caribbean marine sponge Discodermia dissoluta.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Valderrama, Katherine; Castellanos, Leonardo; Zea, Sven

    2010-08-01

    The sponge Discodermia dissoluta is the source of the potent antimitotic compound (+)-discodermolide. The relatively abundant and shallow populations of this sponge in Santa Marta, Colombia, allow for studies to evaluate the natural and biotechnological supply options of (+)-discodermolide. In this work, an RP-HPLC-UV methodology for the quantification of (+)-discodermolide from sponge samples was tested and validated. Our protocol for extracting this compound from the sponge included lyophilization, exhaustive methanol extraction, partitioning using water and dichloromethane, purification of the organic fraction in RP-18 cartridges and then finally retrieving the (+)-discodermolide in the methanol-water (80:20 v/v) fraction. This fraction was injected into an HPLC system with an Xterra RP-18 column and a detection wavelength of 235 nm. The calibration curve was linear, making it possible to calculate the LODs and quantification in these experiments. The intra-day and inter-day precision showed relative standard deviations lower than 5%. The accuracy, determined as the percentage recovery, was 99.4%. Nine samples of the sponge from the Bahamas, Bonaire, Curaçao and Santa Marta had concentrations of (+)-discodermolide ranging from 5.3 to 29.3 microg/g(-1) of wet sponge. This methodology is quick and simple, allowing for the quantification in sponges from natural environments, in situ cultures or dissociated cells.

  10. HERPETOFAUNA DE NEGUANJE, PARQUE NACIONAL NATURAL TAYRONA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    jeiner jesus castellanos

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available La herpetofauna del Parque Nacional Tayrona (Sector Neguanje fue estudiada durante 30 días entre los meses de septiembre y octubre del 2004 por medio del método de registros de encuentros visuales, la búsqueda activa y la disposición de barreras de intercepción con trampas de caída. Se registraron 44 especies, 11 de Anfibios y 33 de Reptiles, distribuidos en 18 familias y 37 géneros. Las curvas de acumulación de especie mostraron que aproximadamente 20 días son suficientes para registrar todas las especies de lagartos, situación inversa fue observada para las especies de ranas y serpientes. El lagarto Lepidoblepharis sanctaemartae fue la especie con mayor abundancia relativa registrada en el sector, lo que implica un buen criterio potencial para su protección. Se amplia la distribución local de la especie Colosthetus ruthveni, la cual era reportada solo para la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta desde su descripción en 1997. Finalmente, este estudio revela que el sector Neguanje presentó el 33 % de la riqueza de especies registrada para la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, lo que posiciona ha esta zona como una de las más representativas en cuanto a biodiversidad en el Caribe Colombiano.

  11. Santa Fe Alliance for Science: The First Eight Years

    Science.gov (United States)

    Eisenstein, Robert A.

    2013-04-01

    The Santa Fe Alliance for Science (SFAFS) was founded in May, 2005. SFAFS exists to provide assistance in K-14 math and science education in the greater Santa Fe area. It does this via extensive programs (1) in math and science tutoring at Santa Fe High School, Santa Fe Community College and to a lesser degree at other schools, (2) science fair advising and judging, (3) its ``Santa Fe Science Cafe for Young Thinkers'' series, (4) a program of professional enrichment for K-12 math and science teachers, and (5) a fledging math intervention program in middle school math. Well over 150 STEM professionals, working mostly as volunteers, have contributed since our beginning. Participation by students, parents and teachers has increased dramatically over the years, leading to much more positive views of math and science, especially among elementary school students and teachers. Support from the community and from local school districts has been very strong. I will present a brief status report on SFAFS activities, discuss some of the lessons learned along the way and describe briefly some ideas for the future. More information can be found at the SFAFS website, www.sfafs.org.

  12. 33 CFR 334.730 - Waters of Santa Rosa Sound and Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Santa Rosa Island, Air Force Proving...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-07-01

    ... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Waters of Santa Rosa Sound and..., Fla. 334.730 Section 334.730 Navigation and Navigable Waters CORPS OF ENGINEERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DANGER ZONE AND RESTRICTED AREA REGULATIONS § 334.730 Waters of Santa Rosa...

  13. Redescription of Coryphopterus tortugae (Jordan) and a new allied species Coryphopterus bol (Perciformes: Gobiidae: Gobiinae) from the tropical western Atlantic Ocean

    OpenAIRE

    Victor, Benjamin C.

    2008-01-01

    A re-examination of the holotype and mtDNA barcoding confirms Garzon-Ferreira and Acero’s separation of Coryphopterus tortugae from C. glaucofraenum. However, specimens matching the markings of their Santa Marta variant of C. tortugae comprise a distinct clade about 10% sequence divergent from true C. tortugae and C. glauco-fraenum. The variant is described here as a new species, the sand-canyon goby Coryphopterus bol, from specimens collected in Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands, and the At...

  14. "NECROPSIA DE BOLIVAR y SEMBLANZA DE REVEREND" DEDICADA AL SESQUICENTENARIO DE LA MUERTE DEL LIBERTADOR

    OpenAIRE

    Rafael Peralta Cayón

    1984-01-01

    En asocio de los académicos Serpa Flórez y Rueda Pérez, PONENCIA extractada con el título de "Autopsia de Bolívar practicada por Reverend".


    I. Planteamientos.
    II. Material y métodos.
    III. Resumen, comentarios: paralelos, conclusiones.
    IV. Bibliografía.
    I. Planteamientos
    En mi libro, "Pro-Santa Marta, historial en pasado, presente y futuro" año 1975, e...

  15. Local smoke-free policy development in Santa Fe, Argentina.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sebrié, Ernesto M; Glantz, Stanton A

    2010-04-01

    To describe the process of approval and implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free law in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, between 2005 and 2009. Review of the Santa Fe smoke-free legislation, articles published in local newspapers and documentation on two lawsuits filed against the law, and interviews with key individuals in Santa Fe. Efforts to implement smoke-free policies in Santa Fe began during the 1990s without success, and resumed in 2005 when the provincial Legislature approved the first 100% smoke-free subnational law in Argentina. There was no strong opposition during the discussions within the legislature. As in other parts of the world, pro-tobacco industry interests attempted to block the implementation of the law using well known strategies. These efforts included a controversy media campaign set up, the creation of a hospitality industry association and a virtual smokers' rights group, the introduction of a counterproposal seeking modification of the law, the challenge of the law in the Supreme Court, and the proposal of a weak national bill that would 'conflict' with the subnational law. Tobacco control advocates sought media attention as a strategy to protect the law. Santa Fe is the first subnational jurisdiction in Latin America to have enacted a comprehensive smoke-free policy following the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. After 3 years of implementation, pro-tobacco industry forces failed to undermine the law. Other subnational jurisdictions in Argentina, as well as in Mexico and Brazil are following the Santa Fe example.

  16. Santa Elena. Ready to reshape its transport energy matrix

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Moreano, Hernan [Universidad Estatal Peninsula de Santa Elena (Ecuador). Inst. de Investigacion Cientifica y Desarrollo Tecnologico (INCYT)

    2012-07-01

    The renewable energy issue opens the door to an ambient of opportunities. Santa Elena, one of the coastal provinces of Ecuador has the chance to go from a fossil fuel energy culture to a new energy scheme based on the use of environmental friendly fuels like natural gas and other renewable energy carriers like hydrogen. The marginal production of oil and natural gas from the Gustavo Galindo Velasco field and the updated gas reserves from the Gulf of Guayaquil make it possible. Infrastructure for natural gas production and distribution for vehicles is almost ready and any of the three refineries can generate hydrogen from natural gas. This provides the opportunity to reshape the Santa Elena transport energy matrix, where vehicles can burn natural gas and inter country buses can work with hydrogen. Traditional Fishing boats can be fitted with hydrogen storage and fuel systems later on. Santa Elena should face this challenge through a joint effort of public and private parties. Santa Elena State University and its partners as a focus point to create: The Campus of Energy Knowledge, where research, science and technology will serve companies that work in the energy business with a strong synergy, which will create jobs for the Santa Elena people. (orig.)

  17. Santa soja: narrativa documental em fotolivro

    OpenAIRE

    Seidl, Eduardo

    2016-01-01

    A partir do fotolivro Santa Soja como objeto e do resgate histórico das práticas jornalísticas de reportagem e de edição por meio de entrevistas com os cinco autores, esta pesquisa busca identificar o fotolivro como formato potencializador do fotodocumentarismo. Para tanto, foi proposta uma localização conceitual sobre o fotolivro, a linguagem e a narrativa fotográfica e sobre a vocação historiográfica e testemunhal da fotografia, a fim de contextualizar uma análise do fotolivro Santa Soja qu...

  18. Santa Cruz thermic plant islanding with local loads

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nascimento, A R [Light Servicos de Eletricidade SA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Gomes, Paulo; Almeida, Paulo C. de [ELETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Sereno, Marcos G [FURNAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

    1988-12-31

    This work looks into the feasibility of implementing a scheme for the islanding of the Santa Cruz Thermic Plant ( Rio de janeiro State) with LIGHT`s (Electric power public utility) loads fed by the Santa Cruz-Jacarepagua trunk connection, considering presently-existing system problems relative to a significant frequency drop when a loss occurs of a large generation block and which causes the blockade scheme of the mentioned Plant to work, thus aggravating the frequency control still further. An analysis is made of such scheme implementation implications on the scheme for islanding a Santa Cruz 84 MW machine to provide supply to the auxiliary services of The Angra dos Reis nuclear plant presently existing in the system. 2 refs., 9 figs.

  19. "Santa Maria" forever : Eesti ja Portugali kirjandussuhetest / Toomas Haug

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Haug, Toomas, 1956-

    2012-01-01

    Jaanuaris 1961 Portugali diktaatorlikule režiimile protestiks kaaperdatud laevast "Santa Maria", mis sai omamoodi vabaduse ja vastuhaku sümboliks ka okupeeritud Eestis. Artiklis käsitletakse sellest sündmusest mõjutatud teoseid, täpsemalt Aleksander Suumanni maali "Santa Maria" ja Paul-Eerik Rummo samanimelist luuletust

  20. "Santa Maria" forever : Eesti ja Portugali kirjandussuhetest / Toomas Haug

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Haug, Toomas, 1956-

    2015-01-01

    Jaanuaris 1961 Portugali diktaatorlikule režiimile protestiks kaaperdatud laevast "Santa Maria", mis sai omamoodi vabaduse ja vastuhaku sümboliks ka okupeeritud Eestis. Artiklis käsitletakse sellest sündmusest mõjutatud teoseid, täpsemalt Aleksander Suumanni maali "Santa Maria" ja Paul-Eerik Rummo samanimelist luuletust

  1. Santa Gertrudis : Pétroglifo

    OpenAIRE

    Puaux , Olivier

    1986-01-01

    Las Milpillas ( site n°95 ), Santa Gertrudis, Municipio de Zacapu, Michoacán. Opéración 1. Groupo B. Estructura B1. Unidad Excavación Noroeste. Pétroglifo dibajo de los escombros, Fachaba Escalinatas. Coordenadas : 19°51'48" 101°49'.

  2. ASSOCIATION OF CAFFEINE INTAKE AND LIVER FIBROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kalinca da Silva OLIVEIRA

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Background Caffeine consumption has been associated to decreased levels of liver enzymes and lower risk of fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the association between caffeine consumption and inflammatory activity or degree of liver fibrosis in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Methods A cross-sectional study of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated in an outpatient Gastroenterology Unit of Santa Casa Hospital (Porto Alegre - Brasil. Patients were interviewed regarding the consumption of caffeine and anthropometric assessment was performed. Liver biopsy was performed in a maximum period of 36 months before inclusion in the study Results There were 113 patients, 67 (59.3% females, 48 (42.5% were aged between 52 and 62 years, and 101 (89.4% were white. The average caffeine consumption was 251.41 ± 232.32 mg/day, and 70 (62% patients consumed up to 250 mg/day of caffeine. There was no association between caffeine consumption and inflammatory activity on liver biopsy. On the other hand, when evaluating the caffeine consumption liver fibrosis an inverse association was observed. Conclusions The greater consumption of caffeine was associated with lower liver fibrosis. There was no association between caffeine consumption and inflammatory activity.

  3. I Encuentro Regional de Semilleros de Investigación

    OpenAIRE

    de Colombia, Universidad Cooperativa

    2017-01-01

    El I Encuentro Regional de Semilleros de Investigación, organizado por la Facultad de Psicología y el grupo de investigación ESI de la Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, sede Santa Marta, es un evento que reconoce la importancia de compartir experiencias universitarias en torno a los semilleros de investigación, estrategia que apunta al desarrollo de habilidades y vivencias como investigadores. Los temas que se abordan en este Encuentro tienen que ver con la realidad que vive nuestro país e...

  4. Counter-attack on viral hepatitis. [Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Prozesky, O W [Pretoria Univ. (South Africa). Dept. of Medical Virology; Jupp, P G; Joubert, J J; Taylor, M B; Grabow, W O.K.

    1985-07-01

    The most highly developed radioimmunoassay test system in medical virology is proving of exceptional value in research aimed at controlling and eventually eradicating the scourge of human hepatitis. The use of radioimmunoassay in detecting hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis B (HBV) viruses is discussed. The hepatitis A virus is an enterovirus which infects the gastrointestinal tract and is usually transmitted by contaminated food, milk or water. Hepatitis B spreads mainly by the parenteral rate. Bedbugs and ticks are considered as possible transmitters of HBV. Another important contribution of radioimmunoassay is the ability to monitor the immune response of persons at risk who are vaccinated against hepatitis B.

  5. Pelas trilhas da ILha de Santa Catarina

    OpenAIRE

    Silveira, Flavio Leonel Abreu da

    1996-01-01

    Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas O estudo sobre o ecoturismo na Ilha de Santa Catarina vem demonstrar o surgimento de novas modalidades turísticas entre os grupos urbanos. A pesquisa aponta para a intersecção entre lazer, turismo, ecologia e esporte, demonstrando a importân-cia das práticas ecoturísticas na atualidade. A partir de tal perspectiva, as questões de gênero surgem com significativa relevância. Estamos frente...

  6. Santa Fe Linac Conference

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1982-01-01

    The 1981 Linear Accelerator Conference, organized by Los Alamos National Laboratory, was held from 19-23 October in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The surroundings were superb and helped to ensure a successful meeting. There were more than two hundred and twenty participants, with good representation from Japan and Western Europe

  7. Free inside: The Music Class at Santa Ana Jail

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fierro, Joe

    2010-01-01

    This article examines the workings of the music class at the Santa Ana Jail in Santa Ana, California. It gives us insight into a jail system and a music class focused on helping inmates position themselves to become productive members of society. In this article I examine how the facility encourages inmates' good behaviour and why the music class…

  8. Noteworthy bird records at Lagoa Santa, southeastern Brazil Registros notáveis de aves em Lagoa Santa, sudeste do Brasil

    OpenAIRE

    Marcos Rodrigues

    2008-01-01

    Lagoa Santa, a small town in southeastern Brazil where naturalist Peter Lund lived, is regarded nowadays as an important historical site for the biological sciences. From 1847 to 1855, J.T. Reinhardt, hosted by Lund, collected 343 bird species. This material is an outstanding reference for many modern ornithological studies. The present paper reports the occurrence of some rare and threatened birds for the region of Lagoa Santa between 1998 and 2005. In this account I list the Rusty-margined ...

  9. California State Waters Map Series: offshore of Santa Barbara, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Johnson, Samuel Y.; Dartnell, Peter; Cochrane, Guy R.; Golden, Nadine E.; Phillips, Eleyne L.; Ritchie, Andrew C.; Greene, H. Gary; Krigsman, Lisa M.; Kvitek, Rikk G.; Dieter, Bryan E.; Endris, Charles A.; Seitz, Gordon G.; Sliter, Ray W.; Erdey, Mercedes D.; Gutierrez, Carlos I.; Wong, Florence L.; Yoklavich, Mary M.; Draut, Amy E.; Hart, Patrick E.; Conrad, James E.; Cochran, Susan A.; Johnson, Samuel Y.; Cochran, Susan A.

    2013-01-01

    In 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the 3-nautical-mile limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow (to about 100 m) subsurface geology. The Offshore of Santa Barbara map area lies within the central Santa Barbara Channel region of the Southern California Bight. This geologically complex region forms a major biogeographic transition zone, separating the cold-temperate Oregonian province north of Point Conception from the warm-temperate California province to the south. The map area is in the southern part of the Western Transverse Ranges geologic province, which is north of the California Continental Borderland. Significant clockwise rotation—at least 90°—since the early Miocene has been proposed for the Western Transverse Ranges province, and geodetic studies indicate that the region is presently undergoing north-south shortening. Uplift rates (as much as 2.2 mm/yr) that are based on studies of onland marine terraces provide further evidence of significant shortening. The city of Santa Barbara, the main coastal population center in the map area, is part of a contiguous urban area that extends from Carpinteria to Goleta. This urban area was developed on the coalescing alluvial surfaces, uplifted marine terraces, and low hills that lie south of the east-west-trending Santa Ynez Mountains. Several beaches line the actively

  10. Las especies colombianas del género Brotula (Pisces: Ophidiidae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Franke Rebeca

    1995-06-01

    Full Text Available Three species of Brotula are known from Colombian waters. Brotula clarkae Hubbs, 1944, the largest and the most important species to fisheries, is widely distributed in the American Pacific, being exploited in southwest Colombia where it ls abundant and reaches more than 1 m and 8 kg. Brotula ordwayi Hildebrand & Barton, 1949, is the second species known from theAmerican Pacifico It is relatively rare and small, reaching less than 50 cm, and known only from Costa Rica, Gorgona and Talara (Perú. In the Atlantic there is only one species, B. barbata (Schneider, known from two specimens from Santa Marta, Colombian Caribbean.En aguas colombianas existen tres especies de Brotula. La de mayor talla e importancia pesquera es B. clarkae Hubbs, 1944, ampliamente distribuida en el Pacífico americano y explotada en las costas suroccidentales colombianas por su abundancia y por alcanzar más de 1 m y de 8 kg. Brotula ordwayi Hildebrand & Barton, 1949, es el segundo miembro del género presente en el Pacífico americano, pero es relativamente rara, de pequeña talla (menos de 50 cm y se le conoce únicamente de Costa Rica, Gorgona y Talára (Perú. En el Atlántico sólo existe una especie, B. barbata (Schneider, 1801, la cual es conocida del Caribe colombiano a partir de dos ejemplares procedentes de Santa Marta.

  11. Sediment Dynamics Affecting the Threatened Santa Ana Sucker in the Highly-modified Santa Ana River and Inset Channel, Southern California, USA

    Science.gov (United States)

    Minear, J. T.; Wright, S. A.

    2015-12-01

    In this study, we investigate the sediment dynamics of the low-flow channel of the Santa Ana River that is formed by wastewater discharges and contains some of the last remaining habitat of the Santa Ana Sucker (Catostomus santaanae). The Santa Ana River is a highly-modified river draining the San Bernardino Mountains and Inland Empire metropolitan area east of Los Angeles. Home to over 4 million people, the watershed provides habitat for the federally-threatened Santa Ana Sucker, which presently reside within the mainstem Santa Ana River in a reach supported by year-round constant discharges from water treatment plants. The nearly constant low-flow wastewater discharges and infrequent runoff events create a small, approximately 8 m wide, inset channel within the approximately 300 m wide mainstem channel that is typically dry except for large flood flows. The sediment dynamics within the inset channel are characterized by constantly evolving bed substrate and sediment transport rates, and occasional channel avulsions. The sediment dynamics have large influence on the Sucker, which rely on coarse-substrate (gravel and cobble) for their food production. In WY 2013 through the present, we investigated the sediment dynamics of the inset channel using repeat bathymetric and substrate surveys, bedload sampling, and discharge measurements. We found two distinct phases of the inset channel behavior: 1. 'Reset' flows, where sediment-laden mainstem discharges from upstream runoff events result in sand deposition in the inset channel or avulse the inset channel onto previously dry riverbed; and 2. 'Winnowing' flows, whereby the sand within the inset channel is removed by clear-water low flows from the wastewater treatment plant discharges. Thus, in contrast to many regulated rivers where high flows are required to flush fine sediments from the bed (for example, downstream from dams), in the Santa Ana River the low flows from wastewater treatment plants serve as the flushing

  12. Feature Hepatitis: Hepatitis Can Strike Anyone

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Navigation Bar Home Current Issue Past Issues Feature Hepatitis Hepatitis Can Strike Anyone Past Issues / Spring 2009 Table ... from all walks of life are affected by hepatitis, especially hepatitis C, the most common form of ...

  13. Santa Fe Accelerator Conference

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Anon.

    1983-01-01

    The 10th USA National Particle Accelerator Conference was hosted this year by the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Santa Fe from 21-23 March. It was a resounding success in emphasizing the ferment of activity in the accelerator field. About 900 people registered and about 500 papers were presented in invited and contributed talks and poster sessions

  14. Migración interna indígena desde el Istmo veracruzano: nuevas articulaciones regionales

    OpenAIRE

    Velázquez-Hernández, Emilia

    2013-01-01

    El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las nuevas articulaciones regionales que se crean a través de las migraciones internas. Para ello, se toma como estudio de caso las migraciones que desde mediados de la década de 1990 se realizan desde el Istmo veracruzano hacia la frontera norte de México y los campos de agricultura intensiva de Sinaloa. Se muestra que, a través de la migración laboral de trabajadores nahuas y popolucas de la Sierra de Santa Marta, regiones antes inconexas se articulan...

  15. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Disease Type 1 (von Gierke) Hemochromatosis Hepatic Encephalopathy Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy ( ... Disease Type 1 (von Gierke) Hemochromatosis Hepatic Encephalopathy Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy ( ...

  16. Streamflow in the upper Santa Cruz River basin, Santa Cruz and Pima Counties, Arizona

    Science.gov (United States)

    Condes de la Torre, Alberto

    1970-01-01

    Streamflow records obtained in the upper Santa Cruz River basin of southern Arizona, United States, and northern Sonora, Mexico, have been analyzed to aid in the appraisal of the surface-water resources of the area. Records are available for 15 sites, and the length of record ranges from 60 years for the gaging station on the Santa .Cruz River at Tucson to 6 years for Pantano Wash near Vail. The analysis provides information on flow duration, low-flow frequency magnitude, flood-volume frequency and magnitude, and storage requirements to maintain selected draft rates. Flood-peak information collected from the gaging stations has been projected on a regional basis from which estimates of flood magnitude and frequency may be made for any site in the basin. Most streams in the 3,503-square-mile basin are ephemeral. Ground water sustains low flows only at Santa Cruz River near Nogales, Sonoita Creek near Patagonia, and Pantano Wash near Vail. Elsewhere, flow occurs only in direct response to precipitation. The median number of days per year in which there is no flow ranges from 4 at Sonoita Creek near Patagonia to 335 at Rillito Creek near Tomson. The streamflow is extremely variable from year to year, and annual flows have a coefficient of variation close to or exceeding unity at most stations. Although the amount of flow in the basin is small most of the time, the area is subject to floods. Most floods result from high-intensity precipitation caused by thunderstorms during the period ,July to September. Occasionally, when snowfall at the lower altitudes is followed by rain, winter floods produce large volumes of flow.

  17. The ecology of plankton in biological oceanography: a tribute to Marta Estrada’s task

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jordi Solé

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Plankton ecology has been the object of intense research and progress in the last few decades. This has been partly due to technological advances that have facilitated the multidisciplinary and high-resolution sampling of ecosystems and improved experimentation and analytical methodologies, and to sophisticated modelling. In addition, exceptional researchers have had the vision to integrate all these innovative tools to form a solid theoretical background in ecology. Here we provide an overview of the outstanding research work conducted by Professor Marta Estrada and her pioneering contribution to different areas of research in the last four decades. Her research in biological oceanography has mainly focussed on phytoplankton ecology, taxonomy and physiology, the functional structure of plankton communities, and physical and biological interactions in marine ecosystems. She has combined a variety of field and laboratory approaches and methodologies, from microscopy to satellite observations, including in-depth statistical data analysis and modelling. She has been a reference for scientists all over the world. Here, her contributions to plankton ecology are summarized by some of her students and closest collaborators, who had the privilege to share their science and everyday experiences with her.

  18. 78 FR 47007 - National Environmental Policy Act; Santa Susana Field Laboratory

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-08-02

    ... project Web site address listed below. http://www.nasa.gov/agency/nepa/news/SSFL.html . ADDRESSES...; Santa Susana Field Laboratory AGENCY: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). ACTION... Environmental Cleanup Activities for the NASA-administered portion of the Santa Susana Field Laboratory (SSFL...

  19. Developing and Validating a Santa Ana Wildfire Threat Index

    Science.gov (United States)

    Capps, S. B.; Rolinski, T.; DAgostino, B.; Vanderburg, S.; Fovell, R. G.; Cao, Y.

    2014-12-01

    Santa Ana winds, common to southern California during the fall through spring, are a type of katabatic wind that originates from a direction generally ranging from 360°/0° to 100° and is usually accompanied by very low humidity. Since fuel conditions tend to be driest from late September through the middle of November, Santa Ana winds occurring during this period have the greatest potential to produce large, devastating fires when an ignition occurs. Such catastrophic fires occurred in 1993, 2003, 2007, and 2008. Because of the destructive nature of these fires, there has been a growing desire to categorize Santa Ana wind events in much the same way that tropical cyclones have been categorized. The Santa Ana Wildfire Threat index (SAWT) is an attempt to categorize such events with respect to fire activity, based on surface wind velocity, dew point depression, and forecasted fuel conditions. The index, a USDA Forest Service product, was developed by the Forest Service in collaboration with San Diego Gas and Electric Utility (SDG&E), the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at UCLA, The Desert Research Institute (DRI), and Vertum Partners. The methodology behind the SAWT index, along with the index itself will be presented in detail. Also, there will be a discussion on the construction of a 30-year climatology of the index, which includes various meteorological and fuel parameters. We will demonstrate the usefulness of the index as another decision support tool for fire agencies and first responders, and how it could assist the general public and private industry in the preparation of critical Santa Ana wind events.

  20. 75 FR 81846 - Expansion of the Santa Maria Valley Viticultural Area

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-12-29

    ... decision. SUMMARY: This Treasury decision expands the Santa Maria Valley viticultural area in Santa Barbara... may purchase. DATES: Effective Date: January 28, 2011. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Elisabeth C... origin of their wines to consumers and helps consumers to identify wines they may purchase. Establishment...

  1. 78 FR 55763 - National Environmental Policy Act; Santa Susana Field Laboratory

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-09-11

    ... document format at http://www.nasa.gov/agency/nepa/news/SSFL.html . The Federal Register Notice of Intent...; Santa Susana Field Laboratory AGENCY: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). ACTION... Demolition and Environmental Cleanup Activities for the NASA-administered portion of the Santa Susana Field...

  2. Hepatitis C

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Workshops Follow Us Home Health Information Liver Disease Hepatitis (Viral) Hepatitis C Related Topics English English Español Section Navigation Hepatitis (Viral) What Is Viral Hepatitis? Hepatitis A Hepatitis B ...

  3. La definición de las trayectorias literarias en dos escritoras chilenas modernas: María Flora Yáñez y Marta Brunet

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natalia Cisterna

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available El artículo se propone analizar la configuración de la trayectoria literaria en dos escritoras chilenas modernas, María Flora Yáñez y Marta Brunet, considerando que sus distintas inserciones en el campo cultural de su época están determinadas por sus respectivos orígenes sociales y las normas de género sexual. María Flora Yáñez y Marta Brunet son parte de una generación de autoras profesionales que entienden su ejercicio escritural como una actividad pública, reconociendo en ella características propias, distintas a otras prácticas discursivas y que debe ser perfeccionada a través del tiempo a partir de una labor permanente de lectura, escritura y divulgación de sus obras. Para las mujeres, sin embargo, la profesionalización se experimentó con dificultades producto de la persistencia de discursos que limitaban su ingreso en las esferas públicas y, por tanto, culturales. El silencio letrado al que históricamente ha sido sometido el género femenino impulsó el surgimiento de voces críticas que leían con desconfianza o rechazo el trabajo de las autoras modernas, lo que las obligó a definir trayectorias literarias a partir de distintas estrategias que posibilitarán su reconocimiento en los campos culturales. Estas estrategias dieron lugar a un campo profesional femenino heterogéneo, en donde el habitus de clase social y las normas de género jugaron un papel fundamental al configurar sus particulares relaciones con el campo cultural y, en definitiva, sus trayectorias.

  4. Central hydroelectric of Santa Ana

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pardo A, German

    2000-01-01

    The paper is related to the construction of an alternating tunnel of conduction to take advantage of the available hydraulic load among the Wiesner Plant and Santa Ana's tanks and of Suba, works required to build a hydroelectric power station with a generation capacity of approximately of 12 MW

  5. CITY OF SANTA FE V. KOMIS REVISITED: AN ANALYSIS OF THE ACTUAL IMPACTS OF CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE SANTA FE BYPASS ON THE VALUE OF NEARBY REAL ESTATE

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Bentz, E. J. Jr.; Bentz, C. B.; O'Hora, T. D.; Baepler, D.

    2003-01-01

    The Santa Fe Bypass for transport of transuranic waste (TRU) to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) near Carlsbad, New Mexico has been constructed and is operational (as of 2000). This paper presents a review of actual empirical data from the sales of real estate in the Santa Fe City/County area since the filing of the City of Santa Fe v. Komis lawsuit in 1988. The data analyzed covers the time period from 1989 through the last quarter of 2001

  6. Hepatitis A through E (Viral Hepatitis)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Treatment Eating, Diet, & Nutrition Clinical Trials Wilson Disease Hepatitis (Viral) View or Print All Sections What is Viral Hepatitis? Viral hepatitis is an infection that causes liver inflammation ...

  7. La Ex Hacienda de Santa Cruz

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Berta Pinto de Estrada

    1975-06-01

    Full Text Available Ex hacienda Santa Cruz was chosen to show the differences in the geographic and economic structure, and the historic causes that originated them, as an example of ihe situation in the northem part of Campeche.

  8. Oral health of the Paleoamericans of Lagoa Santa, Central Brazil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Da-Gloria, Pedro; Larsen, Clark Spencer

    2014-05-01

    The peopling, origins, and early prehistory of the Americas are topics of intense debate. However, few studies have used human remains to document and interpret patterns of health and lifestyle of Paleoamericans. This study provides the first investigation to characterize oral health in a series of early Holocene skeletal remains from Lagoa Santa, Brazil, a locality containing the remains of some of the earliest inhabitants of South America (10,000-7,000 BP). The sample is composed of 949 teeth and 1925 alveoli from an estimated 113 individuals excavated from 17 archaeological sites located in the State of Minas Gerais. We compare dental caries and abscess prevalence at Lagoa Santa to a large sample of human skeletons from the Western Hemisphere Project (WHP) database using both individual and tooth/alveolus count methods. In addition, antemortem tooth loss and tooth wear were analyzed in Lagoa Santa by sex and age. The results show that Lagoa Santa dental caries and abscess prevalence are significantly higher than observed among other hunter-gatherers included in the WHP database, except when abscess prevalence is considered by individual count. Adult females have less tooth wear coupled with higher prevalence of dental caries and antemortem tooth loss than adult males. These results point to an unexpected record of poor oral health at Lagoa Santa, especially among females. A diet based on a highly cariogenic combination of wild tubers and fruits is suggested as an explanation for the elevated rate, characterizing an early adaptation to a tropical environment in South America. Copyright © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  9. Hepatitis isquémica Ischemic hepatitis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcos Amuchástegui (h

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available La hepatitis isquémica es una complicación sumamente infrecuente de cirugía cardiovascular. Las biopsias muestran necrosis centrolobulillar. El término de "hepatitis" fue propuesto debido al aumento de transaminasas similar a aquellas de origen infeccioso, e "isquémica" por falla en la perfusión hepática. Posteriormente se definió el término de hepatitis isquémica como cuadro de elevación aguda y reversible (dentro de las 72 horas de transaminasas de hasta 20 veces el valor normal, asociado a trastornos en la perfusión hepática, luego de haber excluido otras causas de hepatitis aguda o daño hepatocelular. Se describe el caso de un paciente de 53 años que consulta por dolor epigástrico de 12 h de evolución sin fiebre, náuseas ni vómitos, resistente a la medicación. Tenía antecedentes inmediatos de reemplazo de válvula aórtica, y estaba anticoagulado. Evolucionó con shock y fallo multiorgánico. El examen evidenció marcada ictericia y signos de taponamiento pericárdico, asociado a un aumento considerable de enzimas hepáticas. Un ecocardiograma informó signos de taponamiento cardíaco y ausencia de disección aórtica. Se decidió pericardiocentesis, extrayéndose 970 cc. de líquido sanguinolento, y hemodiálisis, con notable mejoría de su estado hemodinámico. Los valores enzimáticos disminuyeron. Los marcadores virales fueron negativos.Ischemic hepatitis is an uncommon cardiovascular surgery complication. Hepatic biopsies show centrolobulillar necrosis. The term "hepatitis" was proposed because of a raise in hepatic enzymes similar with infectious disease, and "ischemic" because of failure in hepatic perfusion. Ischemic hepatitis was then defined as an acute and reversible elevation of hepatic enzymes (within 72 h, associated with disturbance in hepatic perfusion after excluding other causes of acute hepatitis. A 53 year-old male presented complaining of a 12 h epigastric pain, without nausea or vomiting, resistant

  10. Caracterização do processo de rigor mortis em músculos de cordeiros da raça Santa Inês e F1 Santa Inês x Dorper Characterization of rigor mortis process of muscles lamb of Santa Inês breed and F1 Santa Inês x Dorper

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rafael dos Santos Costa

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available O desenvolvimento do processo de rigor mortis nas carcaças dos animais de açougue influenciam diretamente a qualidade da carne. As características do processo de rigor mortis em carcaça de ovinos durante o processamento industrial para obtenção de carcaças resfriadas já foram estudadas em outros países e no Brasil em ovinos Santa Inês, mas ainda não estabelecidas em ovinos F1 Santa Inês x Dorper. Assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho caracterizar o processo de rigor mortis dos músculos Semitendinosus e Triceps brachii durante o resfriamento industrial e maciez da carne, em 10 carcaças ovinas. Foram escolhidos aleatoriamente 10 ovinos machos inteiros, sendo seis da raça Santa Inês e quatro F1 Santa Inês x Dorper, abatidos no Matadouro Frigorífico de Campos - Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro. Após a sangria, analisou-se temperatura, pH, comprimento de sarcômero em diferentes intervalos de tempo (4h; 6h; 8h; 10h; 12h; e 24h e força de cisalhamento ou maciez às 48h, do músculo Semitendinosus. Paralelamente, foi realizada a correlação entre a análise sensorial e a análise instrumental desse músculo. A temperatura da câmara fria variou de 12,2°C (4h a -0,5°C (24h e a temperatura média das carcaças foi de 26,80°C e -0,20°C, respectivamente. O pH médio inicial do músculo Semitendinosus foi de 6,62 e o final 5,64 enquanto no músculo T. brachii foi de 6,50 (4h e 5,68 (24h. A contração máxima do sarcômero do músculo Semitendinosus ocorreu na 12ªh(1,50mm após a sangria e no músculo Triceps brachii, no intervalo entre a 10ªh e 24ªh (1,53 a 1,57mm. No músculo Semitendinosus a força de cisalhamento ou maciez foi semelhante entre cordeiros da raça Santa Inês e F1 Santa Inês x Dorper, demonstrando que o grupo genético não influencia na maciez da carne. O painel sensorial confirmou os resultados obtidos na análise instrumental. Na correlação da análise instrumental (força de cisalhamento com a an

  11. Representación social de la crisis ambiental

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ubaldo Rodríguez de Avila

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract The purpose of this research is to identify the content and the meaning of social representation of the increasing environmental crisis and to determine the ranges of knowledge, attitude and perception of plans, programs, projects and education in environmental education, in students of high school and higher education of Santa Marta city, Colombia. The methodological is based on the proposed epistemology of the complementarily, uniting the descriptive analysis with the theory of facets. 292 fellows participated. It was found that the representations in environmental crisis are related to illnesses and contamination, as common problems, related with environmental, human and climatic factors. Resumen El objetivo del trabajo que motivó este artículo de investigación consistió en identificar el contenido y el significado de la representación social de la crisis ambiental, así como determinar los rangos de conocimiento, actitud y percepción frente a planes, programas, proyectos y docentes en educación ambiental, por parte de estudiantes de educación media y superior de la ciudad de Santa Marta, Colombia. En el estudio participaron 292 sujetos y el abordaje metodológico se basó en la propuesta epistémica de la complementariedad, uniendo el análisis descriptivo y la teoría de facetas. Se encontró que las representaciones de crisis ambientales se relacionan con enfermedades y contaminación, como problemas comunes relacionados con factores ambientales, humanos y climáticos.

  12. Anofelinos de Santa Catarina (Diptera: Culicidae, Brasil Anophelines of Santa Catarina (Diptera: Culicidae, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria da Graça Teixeira Portes

    2010-04-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: No Brasil, a Região Amazônica é endêmica em malária. Em Santa Catarina, a malária foi eliminada na década de 80. A partir daí, ocorreram poucos casos autóctones isolados, e esporádicos. No entanto, em função da existência do vetor em seu território, da existência de extensa área endêmica no Brasil e da grande mobilidade de pessoas em áreas turísticas no estado, existe a probabilidade de reintrodução da doença. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se os seguintes dados: Banco de Dados do Núcleo de Entomologia da Fundação Nacional de Saúde, Santa Catarina (ACCES,1997-2000; Sistema de Informação de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde (Malária/SC e Sistema de Informação de Notificação e Agravo(SINAN/SC. Os mesmos foram transportados e analisados, no programa Microsoft Office Excel 2007. RESULTADOS: As coletas foram realizadas em 48 municípios, 159 localidades, sendo identificados 12.310 Culicídeos, 11.546 (93,7% Anopheles e 764 (6,2% como outros. Foram identificados três subgêneros e 13 espécies de anofelinos. CONCLUSÕES: Considerando que nos municípios pesquisados, foi identificada a presença de importantes vetores como Anopheles cruzii e Anopheles albitasis e há circulação de pessoas infectadas provenientes de áreas endêmicas, pode-se considerar que os mesmos são áreas receptivas e vulneráveis à malária. Essas espécies são suspeitas de serem responsáveis pela transmissão de malária na região, principalmente nos municípios de Gaspar, Indaial e Rodeio.INTRODUCTION: The Amazon region of Brazil is endemic for malaria. In the State of Santa Catarina, malaria was eliminated in the 1980s. Since then, a few sporadic isolated autochthonous cases have occurred. However, because malaria vectors are present within Brazilian territory and extensive endemic areas exist in this country, along with the great mobility of people in tourist areas of Santa Catarina, there is the

  13. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Related Liver Disease Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Autoimmune Hepatitis Benign Liver Tumors Biliary Atresia Cirrhosis of the ... Disease Type 1 (von Gierke) Hemochromatosis Hepatic Encephalopathy Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Intrahepatic Cholestasis of ...

  14. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Hemochromatosis Hepatic Encephalopathy Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) Jaundice In Newborns ... are the common causes of cirrhosis? Hepatitis B & C Alcohol-related Liver Disease Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver ...

  15. Ground-water quality in the Santa Rita, Buellton, and Los Olivos hydrologic subareas of the Santa Ynez River basin, Santa Barbara County, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hamlin, S.N.

    1985-01-01

    Groundwater quality in the upper Santa Ynez River Valley in Santa Barbara County has degraded due to both natural and anthropogenic causes. The semiarid climate and uneven distribution of rainfall has limited freshwater recharge and caused salt buildup in water supplies. Tertiary rocks supply mineralized water. Agricultural activities (irrigation return flow containing fertilizers and pesticides, cultivation, feedlot waste disposal) are a primary cause of water quality degradation. Urban development, which also causes water quality degradation (introduced contaminants, wastewater disposal, septic system discharge, and land fill disposal of waste), has imposed stricter requirements on water supply quality. A well network was designed to monitor changes in groundwater quality related to anthropogenic activities. Information from this network may aid in efficient management of the groundwater basins as public water supplies, centered around three basic goals. First is to increase freshwater recharge to the basins by conjunctive surface/groundwater use and surface-spreading techniques. Second is to optimize groundwater discharge by efficient timing and spacing of pumping. Third is to control and reduce sources of groundwater contamination by regulating wastewater quality and distribution and, preferably, by exporting wastewaters from the basin. (USGS)

  16. Noise level in a neonatal intensive care unit in Santa Marta - Colombia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garrido Galindo, Angélica Patricia; Camargo Caicedo, Yiniva; Velez-Pereira, Andres M

    2017-09-30

    The environment of neonatal intensive care units is influenced by numerous sources of noise emission, which contribute to raise the noise levels, and may cause hearing impairment and other physiological and psychological changes on the newborn, as well as problems with care staff. To evaluate the level and sources of noise in the neonatal intensive care unit. Sampled for 20 consecutive days every 60 seconds in A-weighting curves and fast mode with a Type I sound level meter. Recorded the average, maximum and minimum, and the 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles. The values are integrated into hours and work shift, and studied by analysis of variance. The sources were characterized in thirds of octaves. The average level was 64.00 ±3.62 dB(A), with maximum of 76.04 ±5.73 dB(A), minimum of 54.84 ±2.61dB(A), and background noise of 57.95 ±2.83 dB(A). We found four sources with levels between 16.8-63.3 dB(A). Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the hours and work shift, with higher values in the early hours of the day. The values presented exceed the standards suggested by several organizations. The sources identified and measured recorded high values in low frequencies.

  17. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... 1 (von Gierke) Hemochromatosis Hepatic Encephalopathy Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) Jaundice ... diseases. What are the common causes of cirrhosis? Hepatitis B & C Alcohol-related Liver Disease Non-alcoholic Fatty ...

  18. Stomach contents and notes on the reproduction of the Onefin Skate Gurgesiella dorsalifera (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae off Southern Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Getulio Rincon

    Full Text Available The Brazilian endemic deep-water onefin skate (Gurgesiella dorsalifera is a rare small species recently described in the 80's. No biological information is available on this species and its extremely restricted geographic distribution has been used to classify it as a vulnerable species under IUCN red list criteria. Twenty four specimens (115 to 207 mm disc width were captured off southern Brazilian coast at the region of Cape Santa Marta Grande (State of Santa Catarina by deep-water otter trawl (430-524 m. The analysis of stomach contents revealed an apparent opportunistic predation on juveniles of Urophycis brasiliensis (IRI = 6944, with an average total length of 21 mm, followed by mysidaceans (IRI = 2938, unidentified teleosts (IRI = 1969, the copepod Bradyidius plinioi (IRI = 393, and decapod crustaceans (IRI = 297. One mature female with 207 mm DW had two egg cases in its uteri.

  19. Breeding and trade of wildlife in Santa Catarina state, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    VV Kuhnen

    Full Text Available The wildlife trade is becoming increasingly more relevant in discussions concerning conservation biology and the sustainable management of natural resources. The aim of this study was to document the trade and breeding of wildlife in Santa Catarina state, in southern Brazil. Data was collected from annual reports (1996-2008 of wildlife breeders which were sent to IBAMA. By the end of 2008, there were 79 wildlife breeders and 11 wildlife traders distributed in Santa Catarina. Commercial breeding accounted for the highest number of breeders (51%. In total, there are 213 species of wild animals bred in the state: 177 birds, 19 mammals and 17 reptiles. Of these, 48% are native to Santa Catarina, 32% occur in other Brazilian states and 20% are exotic to Brazil. Nine percent of the species bred are vulnerable or endangered. It was observed that some breeders reported breeding unauthorized species. Altogether, 93 species are bred illegally by 19 breeders. Of these species, 48 are native to Santa Catarina and three are classified as vulnerable or in danger of extinction. We hope the data presented in this paper contributes to the development of conservation strategies and conscious use of wildlife resources in Brazil.

  20. Prevalence of hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus and hepatitis E virus as causes of acute viral hepatitis in North India: a hospital based study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jain, P; Prakash, S; Gupta, S; Singh, K P; Shrivastava, S; Singh, D D; Singh, J; Jain, A

    2013-01-01

    Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) is a major public health problem and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) as causes of AVH in a tertiary care hospital of North India. Blood samples and clinical information was collected from cases of AVH referred to the Grade I viral diagnostic laboratory over a 1-year period. Samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-HCV total antibodies, anti-HAV immunoglobulin M (IgM) and anti-HEV IgM by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PCR for nucleic acid detection of HBV and HCV was also carried out. Those positive for HBV infection were tested for anti-HDV antibodies. Fisher's exact test was used and a P hepatitis cases, 62 (23.22%) patients presented as acute hepatic failure. HAV (26.96%) was identified as the most common cause of acute hepatitis followed by HEV (17.97%), HBV (16.10%) and HCV (11.98%). Co-infections with more than one virus were present in 34 cases; HAV-HEV co-infection being the most common. HEV was the most important cause of acute hepatic failure followed by co-infection with HAV and HEV. An indication towards epidemiological shift of HAV infection from children to adults with a rise in HAV prevalence was seen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report indicating epidemiological shift of HAV in Uttar Pradesh.

  1. [Santa Claus is perceived as reliable and friendly: results of the Danish Christmas 2013 survey].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Amin, Faisal Mohammad; West, Anders Sode; Jørgensen, Carina Sleiborg; Simonsen, Sofie Amalie; Lindberg, Ulrich; Tranum-Jensen, Jørgen; Hougaard, Anders

    2013-12-02

    Several studies have indicated that the population in general perceives doctors as reliable. In the present study perceptions of reliability and kindness attributed to another socially significant archetype, Santa Claus, have been comparatively examined in relation to the doctor. In all, 52 randomly chosen participants were shown a film, where a narrator dressed either as Santa Claus or as a doctor tells an identical story. Structured interviews were then used to assess the subjects' perceptions of reliability and kindness in relation to the narrator's appearance. We found a strong inclination for Santa Claus being perceived as friendlier than the doctor (p = 0.053). However, there was no significant difference in the perception of reliability between Santa Claus and the doctor (p = 0.524). The positive associations attributed to Santa Claus probably cause that he is perceived friendlier than the doctor who may be associated with more serious and unpleasant memories of illness and suffering. Surprisingly, and despite him being an imaginary person, Santa Claus was assessed as being as reliable as the doctor.

  2. Consideraciones sobre la morfología, anatomía y posición sistemática de Vesicarex Steyermark (Cyperaceae

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Eduardo Mora-Osejo

    1982-01-01

    Full Text Available En los páramos ocurren con relativa frecuencia angiospermas de porte arrosetado cespitoso. Entre tales se cuenta la diminuta ciperácea Vesicarex collumanthus Steyerm, descrita por Julian Steyermark (1951,63 como especie típica y hasta la fecha única del genero Vesicarex, propuesto por este mismo autor. Recientemente V. collumanthus se ha registrado en varias localidades, colombianas: Sierra Nevada del Cocuy: Grubb, Curry & Fernandez-Paraz No. 339 (COL,US; Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta: Cuatrecasas & Romero-Castaileda No. 24571 (COL, US; Cleef No. 24.571 (COL, U; Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, Cleff Nos. 5611,8875 ICOL,U.

  3. Migración interna indígena desde el Istmo veracruzano: nuevas articulaciones regionales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Emilia Velázquez Hernández

    2013-07-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las nuevas articulaciones regionales que se crean a través de las migraciones internas. Para ello, se toma como estudio de caso las migraciones que desde mediados de la década de 1990 se realizan desde el Istmo veracruzano hacia la frontera norte de México y los campos de agricultura intensiva de Sinaloa. Se muestra que, a través de la migración laboral de trabajadores nahuas y popolucas de la Sierra de Santa Marta, regiones antes inconexas se articulan actualmente de manera desigual.

  4. Knitting Mochilas: A Sociocultural, Developmental Practice in Arhuaco Indigenous Communities

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lilian Patricia Rodríguez-Burgos

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this article is to analyze the psycho-cultural processes involved in knitting “mochilas” (traditional bags, a common craft in the Arhuaco indigenous community located in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. The article is structured in three parts, as follows: first, issues related to child development are discussed; then, the analysis method used to study the processes involved in the practice of knitting is presented and, finally, we reflect on the importance of recovering the sense and meaning of this everyday practice as a way to study child development.

  5. Ecología reproductiva de Geobatrachus walkeri (Anura: Srabomantidae)

    OpenAIRE

    Vanesa Pacheco-Florez; Martha P. Ramírez-Pinilla

    2014-01-01

    Geobatrachus walkeri es una rana que pertenece a un género monotípico y es endémica de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. La especie habita en diferentes microhábitats entre los 2 000 y 3 500m de altitud, incluyendo la hojarasca de una plantación de pinos. Para entender su ecología reproductiva se realizaron ocho muestreos de individuos, que abarcaron las estaciones de lluvias y de sequía y dos tipos de hábitats (bosque secundario y plantación de pino) durante 2010-2011. También se in...

  6. Ecotourism: The Santa Elena Rainforest Project.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wearing, Stephen

    1993-01-01

    Describes an ecotourism project in which the community of Santa Elena, Costa Rica, are developing a rainforest reserve on government land leased permanently to the local high school. Discusses the impact of the project on the community's economy and environment. (Contains 30 references.) (MDH)

  7. Recent recoveries of archaeological ceramics on Santa Isabel, central Solomon Islands

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Carter, M.J.; Roe, D.; Keopo, J.

    2012-01-01

    Recent field investigations on Santa Isabel in the Central Solomon Islands have revealed the presence of archaeological pottery in both terrestrial and intertidal contexts. Preliminary dating results and comparative stylistic analyses of sherds provide evidence to suggest an antiquity of ceramics in northwest Isabel spanning the late Holocene to the recent historic past. These research outcomes expand the known distribution of pottery within the Solomon Islands and provide new knowledge about the prehistory of Santa Isabel. Here we describe the Santa Isabel ceramics, and suggest several implications of the research for current settlement models of the Solomon Islands and for our understanding of the variability in the archaeological record of mid- to late-Holocene ceramic distribution throughout the region. (author). 24 refs., 7 figs.

  8. Failure to incriminate hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis E viruses in the aetiology of fulminant non-A non-B hepatitis.

    OpenAIRE

    Mutimer, D; Shaw, J; Neuberger, J; Skidmore, S; Martin, B; Hubscher, S; McMaster, P; Elias, E

    1995-01-01

    Sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis is the most common indication for liver transplantation in patients presenting with fulminant and subacute liver failure. This study used serological, histological, and molecular biological techniques to examine specimens from 23 consecutive patients transplanted for sporadic non-A, non-B hepatitis. No evidence was found of hepatitis C virus, hepatitis E virus, or 'cryptic' hepatitis B virus infection.

  9. Hydrologic and geochemical characterization of the Santa Rosa Plain watershed, Sonoma County, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nishikawa, Tracy

    2013-01-01

    The Santa Rosa Plain is home to approximately half of the population of Sonoma County, California, and faces growth in population and demand for water. Water managers are confronted with the challenge of meeting the increasing water demand with a combination of water sources, including local groundwater, whose future availability could be uncertain. To meet this challenge, water managers are seeking to acquire the knowledge and tools needed to understand the likely effects of future groundwater development in the Santa Rosa Plain and to identify efficient strategies for surface- and groundwater management that will ensure the long-term viability of the water supply. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Sonoma County Water Agency and other stakeholders in the area (cities of Cotati, Rohnert Park, Santa Rosa, and Sebastopol, town of Windsor, Cal-American Water Company, and the County of Sonoma), undertook this study to characterize the hydrology of the Santa Rosa Plain and to develop tools to better understand and manage the groundwater system. The objectives of the study are: (1) to develop an updated assessment of the hydrogeology and geochemistry of the Santa Rosa Plain; (2) to develop a fully coupled surface-water and groundwater-flow model for the Santa Rosa Plain watershed; and (3) to evaluate the potential hydrologic effects of alternative groundwater-management strategies for the basin. The purpose of this report is to describe the surface-water and groundwater hydrology, hydrogeology, and water-quality characteristics of the Santa Rosa Plain watershed and to develop a conceptual model of the hydrologic system in support of the first objective. The results from completing the second and third objectives will be described in a separate report.

  10. Santa Lucia River basin. Development of water resources; Cuenca del Rio Santa Lucia.Desarrollo de los recursos hidricos

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    1970-07-01

    The main objective of this study was to orient the development of water resources of the Santa Lucia River basin to maximum benefit in accordance with the priorities established by Government in relation to the National Development Plans

  11. Hepatitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... most common types of viral hepatitis. What Is Hepatitis A? For kids, hep A is the most common ... they recover, it does not come back. Can Hepatitis A Be Prevented? The following will help keep people ...

  12. Clinical and virological improvement of hepatitis B virus-related or hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis with concomitant hepatitis A virus infection.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sagnelli, Evangelista; Coppola, Nicola; Pisaturo, Mariantonietta; Pisapia, Raffaella; Onofrio, Mirella; Sagnelli, Caterina; Catuogno, Antonio; Scolastico, Carlo; Piccinino, Felice; Filippini, Pietro

    2006-06-01

    We evaluated the clinical and virological characteristics of hepatitis A virus infection in persons concomitantly infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV). We enrolled 21 patients with acute hepatitis A and chronic hepatitis with no sign of liver cirrhosis, 13 patients who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (case B group), 8 patients who were anti-HCV positive (case C group), and 21 patients with acute hepatitis A without a preexisting liver disease (control A group). Two control groups of patients with chronic hepatitis B (control B group) or C (control C group) were also chosen. All control groups were pair-matched by age and sex with the corresponding case group. Fulminant hepatitis A was never observed, and hepatitis A had a severe course in 1 patient in the case B group and in 1 patient in the control A group. Both patients recovered. On admission, HBV DNA was detected in 1 patient in the case B group (7.7%) and in 13 patients (50%) in the control B group; HCV RNA was found in no patient in the case C group and in 16 patients (81.2%) in the control C group. Of 9 patients in the case B group who were followed up for 6 months, 3 became negative for hepatitis B surface antigen and positive for hepatitis B surface antibody, 2 remained positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and negative for HBV DNA, and 4 became positive for HBV DNA with a low viral load [corrected] Of 6 patients in the case C group who were followed up for 6 months, 3 remained negative for HCV RNA, and 3 had persistently low viral loads. Concomitant hepatitis A was always self-limited, associated with a marked inhibition of HBV and HCV genomes, and possibly had a good prognosis for the underlying chronic hepatitis.

  13. Hepatitis Vaccines

    OpenAIRE

    Ogholikhan, Sina; Schwarz, Kathleen B.

    2016-01-01

    Viral hepatitis is a serious health problem all over the world. However, the reduction of the morbidity and mortality due to vaccinations against hepatitis A and hepatitis B has been a major component in the overall reduction in vaccine preventable diseases. We will discuss the epidemiology, vaccine development, and post-vaccination effects of the hepatitis A and B virus. In addition, we discuss attempts to provide hepatitis D vaccine for the 350 million individuals infected with hepatitis B ...

  14. Hepatitis Vaccines

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sina Ogholikhan

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Viral hepatitis is a serious health problem all over the world. However, the reduction of the morbidity and mortality due to vaccinations against hepatitis A and hepatitis B has been a major component in the overall reduction in vaccine preventable diseases. We will discuss the epidemiology, vaccine development, and post-vaccination effects of the hepatitis A and B virus. In addition, we discuss attempts to provide hepatitis D vaccine for the 350 million individuals infected with hepatitis B globally. Given the lack of a hepatitis C vaccine, the many challenges facing the production of a hepatitis C vaccine will be shown, along with current and former vaccination trials. As there is no current FDA-approved hepatitis E vaccine, we will present vaccination data that is available in the rest of the world. Finally, we will discuss the existing challenges and questions facing future endeavors for each of the hepatitis viruses, with efforts continuing to focus on dramatically reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with these serious infections of the liver.

  15. Hepatitis Vaccines

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ogholikhan, Sina; Schwarz, Kathleen B.

    2016-01-01

    Viral hepatitis is a serious health problem all over the world. However, the reduction of the morbidity and mortality due to vaccinations against hepatitis A and hepatitis B has been a major component in the overall reduction in vaccine preventable diseases. We will discuss the epidemiology, vaccine development, and post-vaccination effects of the hepatitis A and B virus. In addition, we discuss attempts to provide hepatitis D vaccine for the 350 million individuals infected with hepatitis B globally. Given the lack of a hepatitis C vaccine, the many challenges facing the production of a hepatitis C vaccine will be shown, along with current and former vaccination trials. As there is no current FDA-approved hepatitis E vaccine, we will present vaccination data that is available in the rest of the world. Finally, we will discuss the existing challenges and questions facing future endeavors for each of the hepatitis viruses, with efforts continuing to focus on dramatically reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with these serious infections of the liver. PMID:26978406

  16. Primary hepatic artery embolization in pediatric blunt hepatic trauma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ong, Caroline C P; Toh, Luke; Lo, Richard H G; Yap, Te-Lu; Narasimhan, Kannan

    2012-12-01

    Non-operative management of isolated blunt hepatic trauma is recommended except when hemodynamic instability requires immediate laparotomy. Hepatic artery angioembolization is increasingly used for hepatic injuries with ongoing bleeding as demonstrated by contrast extravasation on the CT scan. It is used primarily or after laparotomy to control ongoing hemorrhage. Hepatic angioembolization as part of multimodality management of hepatic trauma is reported mainly in adults, with few pediatric case reports. We describe our institution experience with primary pediatric hepatic angioembolization and review the literature with regard to indications and complications. Two cases (3 and 8 years old), with high-grade blunt hepatic injuries with contrast extravasation on the CT scan were successfully managed by emergency primary hepatic angioembolization with minimal morbidity and avoided laparotomy. To date, the only reports of pediatric hepatic angioembolization for trauma are 5 cases for acute bleeding and 15 delayed cases for pseudoaneurysm. The role of hepatic angioembolization in the presence of an arterial blush on CT in adults is accepted, but contested in a pediatric series, despite higher transfusion rate and mortality rate. We propose that hepatic angioembolization should be considered adjunct treatment, in lieu of, or in addition to emergency laparotomy for hemostasis in pediatric blunt hepatic injury. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  17. Feature Hepatitis: Hepatitis Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Navigation Bar Home Current Issue Past Issues Feature Hepatitis Hepatitis: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention Past Issues / Spring 2009 ... No appetite Fever Headaches Diagnosis To check for hepatitis viruses, your doctor will test your blood. You ...

  18. South Fork of the Santa Clara River, Santa Clarita Valley, California. Supplement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    1985-01-01

    designed as a broad - crested weir to pass the maximum probable flood (PF) with a peak of 24,500 ofs. The spillway crest length of 100 feet and the...well as from the Miocene Topanga sandstone and the Modelo shale found near the crest of the Santa Susana Mountains in Aliso and Rice Canyons. Fossil...440 1.5 .IN THE AREA. 1I0.050: DRAINAGE AREA IS QUITE RUGGED, WITH SHARP RIDGES 4.4 600 1.3 .050 AND NARROW, STEEP CANYONS THROUGH WHICH WATERCOURSES

  19. Viral Hepatitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Home A-Z Health Topics Viral hepatitis Viral hepatitis > A-Z Health Topics Viral hepatitis (PDF, 90 ... liver. Source: National Cancer Institute Learn more about hepatitis Watch a video. Learn who is at risk ...

  20. Hepatitis B

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... B Entire Lesson Viral Hepatitis Menu Menu Viral Hepatitis Viral Hepatitis Home For Veterans and the Public Veterans ... in their blood (sometimes referred to as the hepatitis B viral load) and an unusually high level of a ...

  1. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) Jaundice In Newborns Diseases of the Liver ... A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) Jaundice In Newborns Diseases of the Liver ...

  2. Alcohol and Hepatitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Home » Living with Hepatitis » Daily Living: Alcohol Viral Hepatitis Menu Menu Viral Hepatitis Viral Hepatitis Home For ... heavy drinking, most heavy drinkers have developed cirrhosis. Hepatitis C and cirrhosis In general, someone with hepatitis ...

  3. Hepatitis C: Treatment

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Public Home » Hepatitis C » Hepatitis C Treatment Viral Hepatitis Menu Menu Viral Hepatitis Viral Hepatitis Home For ... Enter ZIP code here Enter ZIP code here Hepatitis C Treatment for Veterans and the Public Treatment ...

  4. Occult hepatitis B among Iranian hepatitis C patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ahmad shavakhi

    2009-02-01

    Full Text Available

    • BACKGROUND: Occult hepatitis B is defined as presence of HBV DNA in tissue or serum without hepatitis B surface antigen. The aim of this study is to determine frequency of occult hepatitis B among hepatitis C patients in Tehran and compare the route of transmission and liver enzymes between positive and negative HBV DNA patients.
    • METHODS: In a cross sectional study, serum of 103 hepatitis C cases (79.6% men and 20.4% women were analyzed for s, x and core genes via a nested polymerase chain reaction technique.
    • RESULTS: HBV DNA was detectable in serum of 20 patients (19.4%. No significant difference in age, sex and route of transmission were seen in HBV DNA positive and negative patients. In HBV DNA positive and negative groups, mean of AST was 73, 47 (p < 0.05 and mean of ALT was 76 and 36 respectively (p < 0.05.
    • CONCLUSION: Occult hepatitis B was observed in a considerable number of hepatitis C patients in Tehran. It was associated with elevation in liver enzyme but was not related to route of transmission.
    • KEY WORD: Occult hepatitis B, hepatitis C, cirrhosis.

  5. Hepatic artery infusion (HAI) for hepatic metastases in combination with hepatic resection and hepatic radiation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Merrick, H.W.; Dobelbower, R.R.; Ringleint, J.F.; Skeel, R.T.

    1986-01-01

    Renewed interest in hepatic artery infusion has been stimulated by the development of a totally implantable pump which eliminates many of the problems encountered by the external pumps and catheters. As the potential benefit of hepatic artery infusion would be greater if either all gross disease were removed by prior resection, or alternatively, if non-resectable disease were irradiated in conjunction with hepatic artery infusion, the authors initiated a phase I-II trial to evaluate combined modality therapy

  6. Pronóstico De Mesoescala De Un Evento De Noviembre De 2008 En Santa Catarina Mesoscale forescasting of an event of novenber 2008 in Santa Catharina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lia Martins Costa do Amaral

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available La gran disponibilidad de vapor de agua en los niveles inferiores de la atmósfera, advectada sobre la costa de la provincia de Santa Catarina por el anticiclón semiestacionario del Océano Atlántico, favoreció períodos frecuentes de lluvia durante el mes de noviembre de 2008. La exploración del evento extremo ocurrido en Santa Catarina, que se caracterizó por un intenso bloqueo en niveles altos, se realizó con pronósticos de los modelos del mesoescala MM5 y WRF. Estos modelos fueron procesados con muy alta resolución espacial, abarcando toda la región afectada por el evento severo. La temperatura de la superficie del mar presentaba anomalías positivas de temperatura a lo largo de la costa de Santa Catarina, favoreciendo la transferencia de calor latente hacia la atmósfera, con su posterior advección hacia la zona continental. Los resultados obtenidos con los modelos son consistentes con las observaciones, aunque fuertemente dependientes de la resolución horizontal de los mismos.The large availability of water vapor at low levels of the atmosphere, advected into the coastal region of Santa Catharina State by the Atlantic Ocean semi-stationary anticyclone, provided the frequent and copious rainfall during the November, 2008. One of the most extreme event occurred in Santa Catharina coastal zone, when a quite strong blocking formed at high levels of the atmosphere is explored processing both, the MM5 and WRF mesoscale models. These models were processed with very high spatial resolution domains, covering the entire region affected by the severe event. The sea surface temperature field revealed that there was a large core on Atlantic waters with quite high temperatures along the coast of Santa Catharina, which enhanced the vertical integrated latent heat supply into the continental region by the winds. The models forecasting results showed consistent results with the observations, as well as an indication that coherences are directly

  7. Documentation of the Santa Clara Valley regional ground-water/surface-water flow model, Santa Clara Valley, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hanson, R.T.; Li, Zhen; Faunt, C.C.

    2004-01-01

    The Santa Clara Valley is a long, narrow trough extending about 35 miles southeast from the southern end of San Francisco Bay where the regional alluvial-aquifer system has been a major source of water. Intensive agricultural and urban development throughout the 20th century and related ground-water development resulted in ground-water-level declines of more than 200 feet and land subsidence of as much as 12.7 feet between the early 1900s and the mid-1960s. Since the 1960s, Santa Clara Valley Water District has imported surface water to meet growing demands and reduce dependence on ground-water supplies. This importation of water has resulted in a sustained recovery of the ground-water flow system. To help support effective management of the ground-water resources, a regional ground-water/surface-water flow model was developed. This model simulates the flow of ground water and surface water, changes in ground-water storage, and related effects such as land subsidence. A numerical ground-water/surface-water flow model of the Santa Clara Valley subbasin of the Santa Clara Valley was developed as part of a cooperative investigation with the Santa Clara Valley Water District. The model better defines the geohydrologic framework of the regional flow system and better delineates the supply and demand components that affect the inflows to and outflows from the regional ground-water flow system. Development of the model includes revisions to the previous ground-water flow model that upgraded the temporal and spatial discretization, added source-specific inflows and outflows, simulated additional flow features such as land subsidence and multi-aquifer wellbore flow, and extended the period of simulation through September 1999. The transient-state model was calibrated to historical surface-water and ground-water data for the period 197099 and to historical subsidence for the period 198399. The regional ground-water flow system consists of multiple aquifers that are grouped

  8. HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C in Zambia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kenneth C Kapembwa

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Objectives : Epidemiologic data of HIV and viral hepatitis coinfection are needed in sub-Saharan Africa to guide health policy for hepatitis screening and optimized antiretroviral therapy (ART. Materials and Methods: We screened 323 HIV-infected, ART-eligible adults for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg and hepatitis C antibody (HCV Ab at a tertiary hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. We collected basic demographic, medical, and laboratory data to determine predictors for coinfection. Results: Of 323 enrolled patients, 32 (9.9%; 95% CI=6.7-13.2% were HBsAg positive, while 4 (1.2%; 95% CI=0.03-2.4% were HCV Ab positive. Patients with hepatitis B coinfection were more likely to be 200 IU/L was uncommon and did not differ between the two groups (3.4% vs. 2.3%; P=0.5. We were unable to determine predictors of hepatitis C infection due to the low prevalence of disease. Conclusions: HIV and hepatitis B coinfection was common among patients initiating ART at this tertiary care facility. Routine screening for hepatitis B should be considered for HIV-infected persons in southern Africa.

  9. Hepatitis (For Parents)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Staying Safe Videos for Educators Search English Español Hepatitis KidsHealth / For Parents / Hepatitis Print en español Hepatitis What Is Hepatitis? Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. The ...

  10. Variabilidade em matrizes de acessos de espinheira-santa Variability in matrices of espinheira-santa accessions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcio Paim Mariot

    2008-04-01

    Full Text Available Maytenus ilicifolia e M. aquifolium são espécies nativas do Brasil, popularmente conhecidas como espinheira-santa, sendo indicadas para gastrite e para úlcera estomacal. A Embrapa Clima Temperado e a Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel mantêm um banco de germoplasma destas espécies. Com o objetivo de identificar a variabilidade fenotípica para alguns caracteres morfológicos em matrizes de espinheira-santa, estimar a dissimilaridade e agrupar os acessos através de análises multivariadas, 105 acessos foram caracterizados morfologicamente. Foram avaliados os caracteres comprimento e largura de fruto, número de sementes por fruto, comprimento e largura de folha, relação comprimento/largura de folha e número de espinhos por folha. Foi estimada a distância euclidiana e os acessos foram agrupados pelo método de otimização de Tocher. Foi observada uma ampla variabilidade para todos os caracteres analisados. O número de espinhos por folha foi o caráter que mais contribuiu para a divergência. Os caracteres morfológicos permitiram separar os acessos em sete grupos. A maior dissimilaridade foi entre os acessos 57 (M. ilicifolia e 91 (M. aquifolium. Não foi evidenciada uma separação de acordo com a localização geográfica dos acessos. Na análise de agrupamento foram identificados dois grupos que apresentavam tanto acessos de M. ilicifolia quanto de M. aquifolium, o que indica proximidade filogenética entre estas espécies.Maytenus ilicifolia and M. aquifolium are native Brazilian species popularly known as espinheira-santa, being indicated for gastritis and stomach ulcer. Embrapa Clima Temperado and Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel keep a gene bank of these species. With the objective of identifing phenotypic variability for some morphological characters in matrices of espinheira-santa, estimating dissimilarity and clustering accessions through multivariate analysis, 105 accessions had been morphologically characterized

  11. Islas de Old Providence y Santa Catalina. Presente y futuro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    June Marie Mow

    2005-11-01

    Full Text Available Las Islas de Providencia y Santa Catalina ofrecen una combinación única de diversidad biológica y autenticidad cultural, convirtiéndose en las Islas menos degradadas ambiental y culturalmente en el Caribe; son áreas naturales, con bajos niveles de turismo, relativamente intactas en las cuales la comunidad isleña nativa local juega un papel significativo. La falta de una marca como destino turístico único nacional e internacionalmente, la baja conectividad, la carencia de una estrategia promocional, así como la baja importancia del sector para el gobierno local, brindan la oportunidad para que el ecoturismo trabaje para la gente de Old Providence y Santa Catalina bajo sus propias reglas de juego y que la voluntad política no sea desviada por ganancias de corto plazo o esquemas superficialmente muy atractivos, pero que no generan beneficios para la población local. La visión de la gente de Old Providence y Santa Catalina es que, sea el ecoturismo la forma de ofrecer nuevas opciones socioeconómicas a las poblaciones locales para que puedan obtener los beneficios de sus senderos, playas, arrecifes y áreas naturales, la tradición, y cultura local. Para ello, es posible aprovechar de manera sostenible la introducción de un nuevo paradigma para el desarrollo sostenible de Old Providence y Santa Catalina: La Reserva de Biosfera Seaflower.

  12. Asociación entre la disminución de los niveles de flujo salival y xerostomía en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica hemodializados de la unidad renal nefrología ltda, de la ciudad de Santa Marta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sandra Espitia Nieto

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenLa Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (IRC, es la pérdida lenta y progresiva de la función renal, la cual trae consigo manifestaciones orales que están directamente relacionadas con ella, siendo una de estas la xerostomía (boca seca que acompañada de hiposialia (disminución del flujo salival trae complicaciones en el estado de la salud oral, como enfermedades periodontales, infecciones micóticas, bacterianas, dificultad para hablar, deglutir y aumento en la ingesta de líquidos, viéndose afectada la calidad de vida del paciente e incluso la enfermedad sistémica; sin embargo no se han realizado estudios que demuestren asociación entre xerostomía e hiposialia en estos pacientes.Lo anterior motivó el estudio de casos y controles de base hospitalaria en 62 pacientes con Insuficiencia Renal Crónica (IRC en terapia de hemodiálisis de la unidad renal Nefrología Limitada en la ciudad de Santa Marta. El estudio arrojó como resultado que el 72.6% de los pacientes manifestaron xerostomia, a través de un muestreo proporcional se seleccionaron 17 casos (de los pacientes que manifestaron xerostomía y 17 controles (de los pacientes que no manifestaron xerostomía; a todos los pacientes se le realizó sialometría encontrándose que el flujo salival en estado de reposo y estimulado se halló disminuido en un 52.9% y 88.2% de los pacientes que manifestaron xerostomía, Al comparar los casos y controles en estado de reposo se encontró una razón de momios pareada (RMp igual a 5 y a 2, con un nivel de confianza del 95%, lo que indicó una probable asociación clínico-epidemiológica entre la disminución del flujo salival y la xerostomía tanto en estado de reposo como estimulado respectivamente. Por lo tanto se concluye que la xerostomía presente en pacientes con IRC Hemodializados se relaciona con hiposialia. (Duazary 2007; 2: 100 - 111AbstractChronic renal insufficiency is defined as the slow and progressive loss of the kidney function. It

  13. Hepatitis B (HBV)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Staying Safe Videos for Educators Search English Español Hepatitis B KidsHealth / For Teens / Hepatitis B What's in ... Prevented? Print en español Hepatitis B What Is Hepatitis B? Hepatitis B is an infection of the ...

  14. Hepatitis A Vaccine

    Science.gov (United States)

    Twinrix® (as a combination product containing Hepatitis A Vaccine, Hepatitis B Vaccine) ... Why get vaccinated against hepatitis A?Hepatitis A is a serious liver disease. It is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). HAV is spread from ...

  15. Desastre y Memoria Material: La Inundacion 2003 de Santa Fe, Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Susann Baez Ullberg

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available On April 29, 2003, a catastrophic flood occurred in the Argentina city of Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz. Soon, the disaster became a political issue, as they had made serious accusations against the authorities and decision makers regarding negligence, corruption and lack of disaster preparedness. A local protest movement emerged, claiming both the allocation of responsibilities and financial compensation for the losses suffered by the victims. This article analyses the role of material memory and oblivion on the post disaster scene, more specifically, how different social actors in Santa Fe used places and objects in the contentious making of a disaster memoryscape. The analysis is based on ethnography from transtemporal translocal and field research conducted in Santa Fe between 2004 and 2011, and applies anthropological and sociological theories of memory to analyse these processes. Resumen El 29 de abril de 2003, ocurrió la peor inundación catastrófica en la historia de la ciudad argentina de Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz. Al poco tiempo, el desastre se convirtió en una cuestión política, ya que se habían realizado graves acusaciones contra las autoridades y tomadores de decisiones con respecto a la negligencia, la corrupción y la falta de preparación para desastres. Surgió un movimiento de protesta demandando tanto la asignación de responsabilidades, como la compensación económica por las pérdidas sufridas por las víctimas. Este artículo analiza el papel de la memoria material y el olvido en el escenario del posdesastre, y más específicamente cómo los diferentes actores sociales en Santa Fe usaron los lugares y los objetos en una contienda por construir un memo-paisaje del desastre. El análisis se basa en etnografía de trabajo de campo translocal y transtemporal realizado en Santa Fe entre 2004 y 2011, y aplica las teorías antropológicas y sociológicas de la memoria a fines de analizar estos procesos.

  16. Metagenomes from two microbial consortia associated with Santa Barbara seep oil.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hawley, Erik R; Malfatti, Stephanie A; Pagani, Ioanna; Huntemann, Marcel; Chen, Amy; Foster, Brian; Copeland, Alexander; del Rio, Tijana Glavina; Pati, Amrita; Jansson, Janet R; Gilbert, Jack A; Tringe, Susannah Green; Lorenson, Thomas D; Hess, Matthias

    2014-12-01

    The metagenomes from two microbial consortia associated with natural oils seeping into the Pacific Ocean offshore the coast of Santa Barbara (California, USA) were determined to complement already existing metagenomes generated from microbial communities associated with hydrocarbons that pollute the marine ecosystem. This genomics resource article is the first of two publications reporting a total of four new metagenomes from oils that seep into the Santa Barbara Channel. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  17. The SantaBot experiment

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hansen, Søren Tranberg; Svenstrup, Mikael; Andersen, Hans Jørgen

    2009-01-01

    The video shows how an autonomous mobile robot dressed as Santa Claus is interacting with people in a shopping mall. The underlying hypothesis is that it is possible to create interesting new living spaces and induce value in terms of experiences, information or economics, by putting socially...... interactive mobile agents into public urban transit area. To investigate the hypothesis, an experiment was carried out using a robot capable of navigating autonomously based on the input of an onboard laser scanner. The robot would detect and follow random people, who afterwards were asked to fill out...

  18. Hepatitis C: Managing Pain

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Pain: Entire Lesson Viral Hepatitis Menu Menu Viral Hepatitis Viral Hepatitis Home For Veterans and the Public Veterans and the Public Home Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis C Home Getting ...

  19. Hypoksisk hepatitis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Amadid, Hanan; Schiødt, Frank Vinholt

    2014-01-01

    Hypoxic hepatitis (HH), also known as ischaemic hepatitis or shock liver, is an acute liver injury caused by hepatic hypoxia. Cardiac failure, respiratory failure and septic shock are the main underlying conditions. In each of these conditions, several haemodynamic mechanisms lead to hepatic...... hypoxia. A shock state is observed in only 50% of cases. Thus, shock liver and ischaemic hepatitis are misnomers. HH can be a diagnostic pitfall but the diagnosis can be established when three criteria are met. Prognosis is poor and prompt identification and treatment of the underlying conditions...

  20. La mochila "rayá" : del símbolo a la subsistencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cristina Echavarría Usher

    1999-09-01

    Full Text Available La mochila "rayá", la mochila en la que cargan los campesinos de toda la llanura del Caribe colombiano el pedazo de queso bajero y la "miguita" de panela, el frasco de café y el bollo de maíz para desayunar en el monte; la mochila que usan también los estudiantes y obreros; esta mochila de fique con rayas de brillantes colores, es tejida por mujeres y niños artesanos que viven en los pueblos y veredas de la región de Atánquez, situada en el árido piedemonte del sureste de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.

  1. Impacto turístico, cultural e histórico del circuito turístico ecológico bolivariano Colombia-Venezuela

    OpenAIRE

    Sánchez Segrera, José Rafael

    2015-01-01

    El desarrollo de la presente propuesta ha permitido identificar la necesidad que se tiene de dar inicio a la promoción del turismo histórico, a través del Circuito Turístico Bolivariano en los Distritos Turístico, Cultural e Histórico de Santa Marta y Federal de Caracas, a los que une la historia por ser las ciudades en las que nació el 24 de julio de 1783 y falleció el 17 de diciembre de 1830, el Libertador Simón Bolívar. El Circuito Turístico Ecológico Bolivariano Local dentro del Distri...

  2. Estrutura de informação sobre comércio exterior em Santa Catarina

    OpenAIRE

    Lino, Sônia Regina Lamego

    2001-01-01

    Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio-Econômico O trabalho tem como objetivo geral estudar a estrutura de informação sobre comércio exterior em Santa Catarina e o uso dessa estrutura de informação pelos usuários das médias empresas do setor moveleiro catarinense que exportam para o MERCOSUL. Os objetivos específicos são: 1) identificar as instituições públicas e privadas que mantêm estrutura de informações sobre comércio exterior em Santa Catarina; 2...

  3. Hepatic encephalopathy associated with hepatic lipidosis in llamas (Lama glama).

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pillitteri, C A; Craig, L E

    2013-01-01

    Hepatic encephalopathy has been listed as a differential for llamas displaying neurologic signs, but it has not been histopathologically described. This report details the neurologic histopathologic findings associated with 3 cases of hepatic lipidosis with concurrent neurologic signs and compares them to 3 cases of hepatic lipidosis in the absence of neurologic signs and 3 cases without hepatic lipidosis. Brain from all 3 llamas displaying neurologic signs contained Alzheimer type II cells, which were not detected in either subset of llamas without neurologic signs. Astrocytic immunohistochemical staining intensity for glial fibrillary acid protein was decreased in llamas with neurologic signs as compared to 2 of 3 llamas with hepatic lipidosis and without neurologic signs and to 2 of 3 llamas without hepatic lipidosis. Immunohistochemical staining for S100 did not vary between groups. These findings suggest that hepatic encephalopathy may be associated with hepatic lipidosis in llamas.

  4. Usefulness of screening ultrasonography for hepatocellular carcinoma detection: chronic hepatitis versus hepatic cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chang, Sam Uel; Choi, Don Gil; Lim, Jae Hoon

    2004-01-01

    To evaluate the usefulness of screening liver ultrasonography (US) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) detection in patients with chronic hepatitis or hepatic cirrhosis caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). A retrospective study was performed with 1,189 patients with clinical hepatopathy caused by HBV who underwent screening liver US for HCC detection at least twice. All patients were followed up with liver US examinations (mean, 8.3 times), CT, or MR for at least 3 months (range, 3-102 months; mean, 47 months) for the detection of HCC. The study population was divided into two groups: chronic hepatitis (n=492) and hepatic cirrhosis (n=697), which was further divided into two groups with (n=156) or without (n=541) evident shrinkage. The radiologic examinations that had detected HCC for the first time were analyzed and compared between the groups. Among 20 (4.1%) patients with chronic hepatitis and 132 (18.9%) patients with hepatic cirrhosis diagnosed as HCC, screening US was the modality of detection in 17 (85.0%) of 20 patients with chronic hepatitis and 76 (57.6%) of 132 patients with hepatic cirrhosis (p=0.038, Chi-square test). The detection rate of HCC on screening US between the chronic hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis with evident shrinkage (51.4%, 19/37) showed a significant difference (p=0.027, Chi-square test). For chronic liver disease caused by HBV, screening US for HCC detection is more useful in patients with chronic hepatitis than with hepatic cirrhosis with evident shrinkage

  5. Calibration of Linked Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Model for Santa Margarita Lagoon

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-07-01

    was used to drive the transport and water quality kinetics for the simulation of 2007–2009. The sand berm, which controlled the opening/closure of...TECHNICAL REPORT 3015 July 2016 Calibration of Linked Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Model for Santa Margarita Lagoon Final Report Pei...Linked Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Model for Santa Margarita Lagoon Final Report Pei-Fang Wang Chuck Katz Ripan Barua SSC Pacific James

  6. Perinatal hepatitis B virus detection by hepatitis B virus-DNA analysis.

    OpenAIRE

    De Virgiliis, S; Frau, F; Sanna, G; Turco, M P; Figus, A L; Cornacchia, G; Cao, A

    1985-01-01

    Maternal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in relation to the hepatitis B e antigen/antibody system and serum hepatitis B virus-DNA were evaluated. Results indicate that hepatitis B virus-DNA analysis can identify hepatitis B serum antigen positive mothers who may transmit infection to their offspring.

  7. Geomorphological evidences of Quaternary tectonic activities in the Santa Cruz river valley, Patagonia, Argentina

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Massabie, A.; Sanguinetti, A.; Nestiero, O.

    2007-01-01

    From Argentin lake, at west on Andean hills, to Puerto Santa Cruz on Atlantic coast, Santa Cruz river cross eastward Santa Cruz province over 250 km in Patagonia at southern Argentina. Present bed of the river has a meandering outline with first order meanders of great ratio bends and second order meanders of minor ratio bends. Principal wanderings are 45 to 55 km spaced from near Estancia La Julia or Rio Bote at west to Comandante Luis Piedrabuena at east. On river's bed middle sector these great curvatures are located at Estancia Condor Cliff and Estancia Rincon Grande. Regional and partial detailed studies allow to recognize structural control on river's bed sketch and valley s geomorphology that relates first order bends with reactivated principal faults. These faults fit well with parallel system of northwest strike of Austral Basin.On geological, geomorphologic and structural evidences recognized in Santa Cruz river, quaternary tectonic activity, related to Andean movements in southern Patagonian foreland, is postulated. (author)

  8. Santa Teresa y sus cartas, historia de los sentimientos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Egido, Teófanes

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Historical reflection on a peculiar dimension of St. Teresa of Jesus: the expression of her feelings in her writings, particularly in her abundant letters. The article focuses on the sense of humor, the joyfulness, and the importance of laughter in St. Teresa language, and also on the feeling of endearment with her family, with her order, with fray Juan de la Cruz. Ample space is dedicated to the tenderness towards girls in her convents. St. Teresa of Jesus appears as transgressor of 16th century social behaviours.Reflexión histórica sobre una dimensión peculiar de santa Teresa de Jesús: la expresión de sus sentimientos en sus escritos, de forma más especial en sus cartas abundantes. El artículo se centra en el sentido del humor, de la alegría, en la importancia de la risa en el lenguaje de santa Teresa y en el sentimiento de ternura con su familia, con su orden, con fray Juan de la Cruz. Se dedica un espacio amplio a la ternura hacia las niñas en sus conventos. Aparece santa Teresa de Jesús como trasgresora de los comportamientos sociales del siglo XVI.

  9. Considerations about Santa Catalina Formation northeast of Uruguay

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Keidel, J.

    1984-01-01

    A serial of land deposits placed in Santa Catharina south Brazil, and northeast of Uruguay. Most of them have been composed with a number of marine sediments, marshy region and swamp from upper paleozoic and low mesozoic.

  10. Noninvasive diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C

    OpenAIRE

    Stauber, Rudolf E; Lackner, Carolin

    2007-01-01

    Assessment of hepatic fibrosis is important for determining prognosis, guiding management decisions, and monitoring disease. Histological evaluation of liver biopsy specimens is currently considered the reference test for staging hepatic fibrosis. Since liver biopsy carries a small but significant risk, noninvasive tests to assess hepatic fibrosis are desirable. This editorial gives an overview on noninvasive methods currently available to determine hepatic fibrosis and their diagnostic accur...

  11. Hepatitis B Foundation

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... worldwide 2 Billion People have been infected with Hepatitis B Worldwide The Hepatitis B Foundation is working ... of people living with hepatitis B. Learn About Hepatitis B in 11 Other Languages . Resource Video See ...

  12. What Is Hepatitis?

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Navigation Alt+1 Content Alt+2 What is hepatitis? Online Q&A Reviewed July 2016 Q: What ... Question and answer archives Submit a question World Hepatitis Day Posters: Eliminate hepatitis World Hepatitis Day 2017 ...

  13. Natural gas utilization in Santa Cruz thermal-electric power; A utilizacao de gas natural em Santa Cruz

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Azevedo, Mauricio F. de.; Lundeqvist, Carl G; Gomes, Gerson; Almeida, A E

    1994-12-31

    Use of natural gas as an alternative energy source on the thermo electric power plant of Santa Cruz are presented. Economic studies on hydroelectric power plants to use thermal generators during low water supply periods, costs of natural gas as a alternative energy fuel, and the engineer services to the conversion of fuel oil system, are discussed. 5 figs., 6 tabs.

  14. Santa Lucia River basin. Development of water resources

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1970-01-01

    The main objective of this study was to orient the development of water resources of the Santa Lucia River basin to maximum benefit in accordance with the priorities established by Government in relation to the National Development Plans

  15. Diagnostic value of liver scintigraphy in fulminant hepatitis and severe acute hepatitis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Shiomi, Susumu; Ikeoka, Naoko; Minowa, Takami; Kuroki, Tetsuo; Harihara, Shigeyoshi; Yamamoto, Sukeo; Ochi, Hironobu; Monna, Takeyuki

    1985-01-01

    Liver scintigraphy was performed in 12 cases with fulminant hepatitis, in 8 cases with severe acute hepatitis and in 44 cases with acute hepatitis. Scintiphotoes of severe hepatitis showed reduction of liver size, marked visualization of the bone marrow and the spleen, so this pattern was useful to differentiate from acute hepatitis. Relative size of the liver calculated by A.L.I. (anterior liver index) showed significant reduction in severe hepatitis compared with that of acute hepatitis. Three of five patients with died of severe hepatitis showed high uptake in the lung and ribs, but none of fifteen patients with severe hepatitis who recovered showed the abnormal accumulation in the lung and in the ribs. (author)

  16. Hepatitis C

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... an inflammation of the liver. One type, hepatitis C, is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It usually spreads through contact with ... childbirth. Most people who are infected with hepatitis C don't have any symptoms for years. If ...

  17. Conservation efforts and possibilities for increased collaboration in the Santa Cruz River watershed

    Science.gov (United States)

    Claire A. Zugmeyer; Emily M. Brott

    2013-01-01

    Attendees of the annual Santa Cruz River Researchers’ Day meetings have identified a need to expand collaboration, partnership, and sharing of lessons learned across the watershed. To help guide this interest, Sonoran Institute organized a symposium on 2 May 2012 entitled “Santa Cruz River Conservation.” The symposium had simultaneous Spanish/English translation and...

  18. Serum Hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B surface antigenaemia in ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Acute hepatitis is common in Nigeria and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been a major aetiological factor. However, the role of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is yet undetermined. Forty-five consecutive Nigerian patients with acute Icteric hepatitis (AIH) attending the Medical Clinic of the University College Hospital, ...

  19. Aportes y Desafíos de Estudiar el Voluntariado Desde la Mirada del Sujeto: Análisis de los Hallazgos de Marta, Pozzi y Marzana (2010 Contributions and Challenges of Studying Volunteering From a Subject's Perspective: Analysis of Marta, Pozzi and Marzana's Findings (2010

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Paz Cadena

    2010-11-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo analiza los resultados del estudio Voluntarios y Ex Voluntarios: Perfiles de Participación Ciudadana a Través del Voluntariado, realizado por Marta, Pozzi y Marzana (en este número, quienes proponen 4 perfiles de voluntarios: voluntarios en ejercicio, voluntarios por necesidades personales, ex voluntarios ciudadanos activos y ex voluntarios por oportunidad. La discusión se articula en base a los beneficios que tiene una aproximación multidimensional desde la perspectiva del sujeto. Para ello se analizan sus aportes a la comprensión de temáticas como el rol de las motivaciones en la participación prosocial, los mecanismos que promueven este tipo de conductas y la diferenciación entre causas y consecuencias de ella. Se discuten algunas ideas, como la importancia de la reelaboración de las motivaciones, el posible rol mediador de estas en la relación entre familia y participación voluntaria y la importancia de considerar en futuros diseños la organización temporal que los propios jóvenes dan a sus experiencias. Se mencionan, además, algunas limitaciones del estudio relacionadas con variables religiosas que pudieran explicar los resultados y con la dificultad de establecer si estos son específicos a esta forma de participación.This article analyzes the results of the study Volunteers and Ex-Volunteers: Paths to Civic Engagement Through Volunteerism, by Marta, Pozzi, and Marzana (in this issue, who propose 4 types of volunteers: volunteers in action, volunteers for personal need, active citizens ex-volunteers and ex-volunteers by chance. The discussion builds upon the benefits of a multidimensional approach from the subject's perspective. To accomplish this, its contributions to the understanding of topics, such as the role of motivation in prosocial involvement, the mechanisms that promote this type of behavior, and the differentiation between causes and consequences of it, are analyzed. Some ideas are

  20. Shelf evolution along a transpressive transform margin, Santa Barbara Channel, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Johnson, Samuel Y.; Hartwell, Stephen; Sorlien, Christopher C.; Dartnell, Peter; Ritchie, Andrew C.

    2017-01-01

    High-resolution bathymetric and seismic reflection data provide new insights for understanding the post–Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ca. 21 ka) evolution of the ∼120-km-long Santa Barbara shelf, located within a transpressive segment of the transform continental margin of western North America. The goal is to determine how rising sea level, sediment supply, and tectonics combine to control shelf geomorphology and history. Morpho­logic, stratigraphic, and structural data highlight regional variability and support division of the shelf into three domains. (1) The eastern Santa Barbara shelf is south of and in the hanging wall of the blind south-dipping Oak Ridge fault. The broad gently dipping shelf has a convex-upward shape resulting from thick post-LGM sediment (mean = 24.7 m) derived from the Santa Clara River. (2) The ∼5–8-km-wide Ventura Basin obliquely crosses the shelf and forms an asymmetric trough with thick post-LGM sediment fill (mean = 30.4 m) derived from the Santa Clara and Ventura Rivers. The basin is between and in the footwalls of the Oak Ridge fault to the south and the blind north-dipping Pitas Point fault to the north. (3) The central and western Santa Barbara shelf is located north of and in the hanging wall of the North Channel–Pitas Point fault system. The concave-up shape of the shelf results from folding, marine erosion, and the relative lack of post-LGM sediment cover (mean = 3.8 m). Sediment is derived from small steep coastal watersheds and largely stored in the Gaviota bar and other nearshore mouth bars. Three distinct upper slope morphologies result from a mix of progradation and submarine landsliding.Ages and rates of deformation are derived from a local sea-level-rise model that incorporates an inferred LGM shoreline angle and the LGM wave-cut platform. Post-LGM slip rates on the offshore Oak Ridge fault are a mini­mum of 0.7 ± 0.1 mm/yr. Slip rates on the Pitas Point fault system are a minimum of 2.3 ± 0.3 mm

  1. 75 FR 4909 - Charter Bank: Santa Fe, New Mexico; Notice of Appointment of Receiver

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-01-29

    ... DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY Office of Thrift Supervision Charter Bank: Santa Fe, New Mexico; Notice... section 5(d)(2) of the Home Owners' Loan Act, the Office of Thrift Supervision has duly appointed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation as sole Receiver for Charter Bank, Santa Fe, New Mexico, (OTS No...

  2. The Upper Santa Ynez River as Habitat for a Diverse Riparian Flora and Fauna

    Science.gov (United States)

    M. Violet Gray; James M. Greaves; Thomas E. Olson

    1989-01-01

    The upper Santa Ynez River, Santa Barbara County, provides habitats for a relatively large population of least Bell's vireos (Vireo bellii pusillus), as well as diverse riparian flora and fauna. Of particular interest is the richness of the species within particular guilds. Four species of vireos: least Bell's, warbling (Vireo...

  3. Hepatitis A

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... is an inflammation of the liver. One type, hepatitis A, is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). The disease spreads through contact with ... suggest medicines to help relieve your symptoms. The hepatitis A vaccine can prevent HAV. Good hygiene can also ...

  4. The functional hepatic volume assessed by 99mTc-GSA hepatic scintigraphy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wu, Jin; Ishikawa, Nobuyoshi; Takeda, Tohoru; Pan, Xiao-Qing; Sato, Motohiro; Todoroki, Takeshi; Itai, Yuji; Tanaka, Yumiko; Hatakeyama, Rokurou.

    1995-01-01

    The accuracy of measurement of the functional hepatic volume by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 99m Tc-galactosyl serum albumin ( 99m Tc-GSA) was evaluated. 99m Tc-GSA planar scintigraphic images were obtained dynamically and the hepatic SPECT imaging was then performed in 25 patients with hepatobiliary tumors. The patients were divided into 4 groups with normal hepatic function, mild, moderate and severe hepatic dysfunction. The functional hepatic volume determined by SPECT was compared with the morphological hepatic volume determined by computed tomography. The ratio of the hepatic volumes obtained by the two methods was calculated. The mean hepatic volume ratio was 96.6±2.3% in the normal hepatic function group and 95.9±2.2% in the mild dysfunction group (n.s.). In both the moderate and severe hepatic dysfunction groups, the hepatic volume ratio was smaller than that in the normal group (87.9±5.2%, p 15 (r=0.83, p 15 (r=0.74, p 15 (r=0.75, p 99m Tc-GSA faithfully reflects the functioning hepatocyte mass. 99m Tc-GSA scintigraphy and hepatic SPECT therefore provide information regarding global and regional reserve hepatic function. (author)

  5. Automática de la línea La Moza – Santa Clara; Automatic of the line la Moza – Santa Clara

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marta Elena Bravo de las Casas

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available La línea de 110 kV Santa Clara – La Moza, ubicada en medio de la línea de enlace entre la hidroeléctrica Robustiano León (Hanabanilla y la subestación Santa Clara 110 kV, es de gran importancia teniendo en cuenta que de la misma se obtiene la derivación de donde se alimenta la Subestación de 110/13,8 kV Gran Panel de nuevo tipo. La misma cuenta con un mecanismo de reenganche trifásico el cual no realiza de forma exitosa sus funciones, lo que trae afectaciones y dificultades a la hora de restablecer el sistema. En este trabajo se analizan las condiciones de operación de la región, así como la problemática de las automáticas instaladas proponiendo soluciones con el objetivo de lograr una operación eficaz ante las averías, sin que la hidroeléctrica Hanabanilla se pierda del Sistema Eléctrico Nacional y que no se pierda el suministro de energía eléctrica a la subestación Gran Panel.The 110 kV line Santa Clara –La Moza, which is located in the middle of the line of link between the hydroelectric Robustiano León (Hanabanilla and the substation Santa Clara 110 kV, is of great importance considering that of the same one obtains the derivation where new type Gran Panel Substation 110/13,8 feeds.Ithas athree-phasereclosingmechanismwhichdoes not performhis dutiessuccessfully, which brings affectationsanddifficultythe moment of restoringthe system. In this work, the operating conditions of the region are discussed, as well as the problem of the automatics installed, and is proposing solutions in order to ensure effective operation before faults, without that the Hanabanilla hydroelectric loses the syncrhronism with the Electrical National System and supply the substation Gran Panelis not lost.

  6. Energy Balance of the Santa Catarina State - Series 1980 -1996; Balanco energetico do Estado de Santa Catarina - Serie 1980-1996

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    NONE

    1997-07-01

    This energy balance of the Santa Catarina State presents the following main topics that can be outstanding: economic aspects; supply and demand of energy by source 1980-1996; energy consumption by sector 1980/1996; energy interchange; and balance of the transformation centers 1980/1996.

  7. Cost-effectiveness of hepatitis A vaccination for individuals with chronic hepatitis C.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chapko, Michael K; Yee, Helen S; Monto, Alexander; Dominitz, Jason A

    2010-02-17

    The incidence of hepatitis A infection in the United States has decreased dramatically in recent years because of childhood immunization programs. A decision analysis of the cost-effectiveness of hepatitis A vaccination for adults with hepatitis C was conducted. No vaccination strategy is cost-effective for adults with hepatitis C using the recent lower anticipated hepatitis A incidence, private sector costs, and a cost-effectiveness criterion of $100,000/QALY. Vaccination is cost-effective only for individuals who have cleared the hepatitis C virus when Department of Veterans Affairs costs are used. The recommendation to vaccinate adults with hepatitis C against hepatitis A should be reconsidered. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  8. Hepatitis E virus and fulminant hepatitis--a virus or host-specific pathology?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smith, Donald B; Simmonds, Peter

    2015-04-01

    Fulminant hepatitis is a rare outcome of infection with hepatitis E virus. Several recent reports suggest that virus variation is an important determinant of disease progression. To critically examine the evidence that virus-specific factors underlie the development of fulminant hepatitis following hepatitis E virus infection. Published sequence information of hepatitis E virus isolates from patients with and without fulminant hepatitis was collected and analysed using statistical tests to identify associations between virus polymorphisms and disease outcome. Fulminant hepatitis has been reported following infection with all four hepatitis E virus genotypes that infect humans comprising multiple phylogenetic lineages within genotypes 1, 3 and 4. Analysis of virus sequences from individuals infected by a common source did not detect any common substitutions associated with progression to fulminant hepatitis. Re-analysis of previously reported associations between virus substitutions and fulminant hepatitis suggests that these were probably the result of sampling biases. Host-specific factors rather than virus genotype, variants or specific substitutions appear to be responsible for the development of fulminant hepatitis. © 2014 The Authors. Liver International Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  9. Santa Barbara, California Tsunami Forecast Grids for MOST Model

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — The Santa Barbara, California Forecast Model Grids provides bathymetric data strictly for tsunami inundation modeling with the Method of Splitting Tsunami (MOST)...

  10. Blood lipids analysis in patients with hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Si Jianhong

    2007-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the correlationship between blood hepatic fibrosis markers and blood lipids levels. Methods: Serum hepatic fibrosis markers (HA, PC III, IV-C, LN) levels were determined with RIA and serum lipids (TG, TCh HDL; LDL, apoA1, apoB) were measured with biochemical methods in 98 patients with hepatitis in various stages and 50 controls. Liver biopsy was done in all the hepatitis patients. Results: Hepatic fibrosis was classified into 5 grades (S0-S4) according to the pathology shown in the biopsy specimen. The serum lipid levels decreased along with the increase of severity of fibrosis from S0 to S4. Levels in S4 patients were significantly lower than those in controls (P 0.05). Conclusion: The serum hepatic fibrosis markers levels increased and lipids levels decreased along with the progress of hepatitis from acute to cirrhosis. (authors)

  11. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Caregiver Support Caregiver Stories Home › What is Hepatic Encephalopathy? Why Your Liver is Important The Connection Between HE and Liver ... Why it’s Important to Treat HE Symptoms of Liver Failure Glossary of terms ... is Hepatic Encephalopathy? Hepatic Encephalopathy, sometimes referred to as portosystemic encephalopathy ...

  12. Hepatitis B immunisation for newborn infants of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mothers

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lee, C; Gong, Yanzhang; Brok, J

    2006-01-01

    Hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin are considered for newborn infants of HBsAg-positive mothers to prevent hepatitis B infection.......Hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin are considered for newborn infants of HBsAg-positive mothers to prevent hepatitis B infection....

  13. Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Situasional terhadap Semangat Kerja Perawat Rumah Sakit Santa Maria Pekanbaru

    OpenAIRE

    Sutrisna, Endang; Anggrenni, Dian Prapty

    2015-01-01

    This research aims to find the implications of leadership on keep spirit of nurses in Santa Maria Hospital Pekanbaru. Leadership as an independent variable (X) consist of leadership telling, selling, participating, and delegating. And keep spirit as the dependent variable (Y) cosist pf salary, incentive and allowance and improvement of welfare.The research used sample of the nurses in Santa Maria Pekanbaru. The number of this sample is 67 persons with slovin. This research is also used Strati...

  14. HRGC-MS analysis of terpenoids from Maytenus ilicifolia and Maytenus aquifolium ("espinheira santa"

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cordeiro Paulo J. M.

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available This work describes the identification of some of the minor chemical constituents of "espinheira santa" (Maytenus ilicifolia and Maytenus aquifolium, Celastraceae, a medicinal plant widely utilized in Brazil. By using high resolution gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HRGC-MS, it was possible to identify mainly triterpenoids and steroids in "espinheira santa", most of them reported for the first time in both Maytenus species.

  15. How hepatitis D virus can hinder the control of hepatitis B virus.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Xiridou

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Hepatitis D (or hepatitis delta virus is a defective virus that relies on hepatitis B virus (HBV for transmission; infection with hepatitis D can occur only as coinfection with HBV or superinfection of an existing HBV infection. Because of the bond between the two viruses, control measures for HBV may have also affected the spread of hepatitis D, as evidenced by the decline of hepatitis D in recent years. Since the presence of hepatitis D is associated with suppressed HBV replication and possibly infectivity, it is reasonable to speculate that hepatitis D may facilitate the control of HBV. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We introduced a mathematical model for the transmission of HBV and hepatitis D, where individuals with dual HBV and hepatitis D infection transmit both viruses. We calculated the reproduction numbers of single HBV infections and dual HBV and hepatitis D infections and examined the endemic prevalences of the two viruses. The results show that hepatitis D virus modulates not only the severity of the HBV epidemic, but also the impact of interventions for HBV. Surprisingly we find that the presence of hepatitis D virus may hamper the eradication of HBV. Interventions that aim to reduce the basic reproduction number of HBV below one may not be sufficient to eradicate the virus, as control of HBV depends also on the reproduction numbers of dual infections. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: For populations where hepatitis D is endemic, plans for control programs ignoring the presence of hepatitis D may underestimate the HBV epidemic and produce overoptimistic results. The current HBV surveillance should be augmented with monitoring of hepatitis D, in order to improve accuracy of the monitoring and the efficacy of control measures.

  16. Travelers' Health: Hepatitis C

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Chapter 3 - Hepatitis B Chapter 3 - Hepatitis E Hepatitis C Deborah Holtzman INFECTIOUS AGENT Hepatitis C virus ( ... mother to child. Map 3-05. Prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection 1 PDF Version (printable) 1 ...

  17. Travelers' Health: Hepatitis A

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... 3 - Helminths, Soil-Transmitted Chapter 3 - Hepatitis B Hepatitis A Noele P. Nelson INFECTIOUS AGENT Hepatitis A ... hepatitis/HAV Table 3-02. Vaccines to prevent hepatitis A VACCINE TRADE NAME (MANUFACTURER) AGE (Y) DOSE ...

  18. Travelers' Health: Hepatitis B

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Chapter 3 - Hepatitis A Chapter 3 - Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Francisco Averhoff INFECTIOUS AGENT Hepatitis B virus ( ... progression of disease. Map 3-04. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection 1 PDF Version (printable) 1 ...

  19. Medical training fails to prepare providers to care for patients with chronic hepatitis B infection

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chao, Stephanie D; Wang, Bing-Mei; Chang, Ellen T; Ma, Li; So, Samuel K

    2015-01-01

    AIM: To investigate physicians’ knowledge including chronic hepatitis B (CHB) diagnosis, screening, and management in various stages of their training. METHODS: A voluntary 20-question survey was administered in Santa Clara County, CA where Asian and Pacific Islanders (API) account for a third of the population. Among the 219 physician participants, there were 63 interns, 60 second-year residents, 26 chief residents and 70 attending physicians. The survey asked questions regarding respondents’ demographics, general hepatitis B virus knowledge questions (i.e., transmission, prevalence, diagnostic testing, prevention, and treatment options), as well as, self-reported practice behavior and confidence in knowledge. RESULTS: Knowledge about screening and managing patients with CHB was poor: only 24% identified the correct tests to screen for CHB, 13% knew the next steps for patients testing positive for CHB, 18% knew the high prevalence rate among API, and 31% knew how to screen for liver cancer. Wald chi-square analysis determined the effect of training level on knowledge; in all cases except for knowledge of liver cancer screening (P = 0.0032), knowledge did not significantly increase with length in residency training or completion of residency. CONCLUSION: Even in a high-risk region, both medical school and residency training have not adequately prepared physicians in the screening and management of CHB. PMID:26078568

  20. Modernization projects in Santa Maria e Garona; Proyectos de modernizacion en Santa Maria de Garona

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Marcos, R.; Alutiz, J. I.; Garcia Sanchez, M.

    2011-07-01

    This article shows a vision of the Santa Maria de Garona power Plant modernization guidelines and it also presents the most significant projects deployed in the last decade at the power plant grouped in mechanics projects, electrical projects, instrumentations projects and IT projects. At the same time three projects are explained in more detail: the change of one of the main transformers, the evolution from paper recorders to paperless video graphic recorders and the new plant data information system. (Author)

  1. Changing Epidemiology of Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E Viruses in China, 1990-2014.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ren, Xiang; Wu, Peng; Wang, Liping; Geng, Mengjie; Zeng, Lingjia; Zhang, Jun; Xia, Ningshao; Lai, Shengjie; Dalton, Harry R; Cowling, Benjamin J; Yu, Hongjie

    2017-02-01

    We compared the epidemiology of hepatitis A and hepatitis E cases in China from 1990-2014 to better inform policy and prevention efforts. The incidence of hepatitis A cases declined dramatically, while hepatitis E incidence increased. During 2004-2014, hepatitis E mortality rates surpassed those of hepatitis A.

  2. Hepatitis C: Clinical Trials

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... and Public Home » Hepatitis C » Treatment Decisions Viral Hepatitis Menu Menu Viral Hepatitis Viral Hepatitis Home For ... can I find out about participating in a hepatitis C clinical trial? Many trials are being conducted ...

  3. Hepatitis C: Mental Health

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... the Public Home Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis C Home Getting Tested Just Diagnosed Treatment Choice Program ... Pain Mental Health Sex and Sexuality (for Hepatitis C) Success Stories FAQs For Health Care Providers Provider ...

  4. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Caregiver Support Caregiver Stories Home › What is Hepatic Encephalopathy? Why Your Liver is Important The Connection Between HE and Liver ... Why it’s Important to Treat HE Symptoms of Liver Failure Glossary of terms ... is Hepatic Encephalopathy? Hepatic Encephalopathy, sometimes referred to as portosystemic encephalopathy ...

  5. Fulminant Hepatic Failure Secondary to Primary Hepatic Angiosarcoma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ayokunle T. Abegunde

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Hepatic angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive tumor that often presents at an advanced stage with nonspecific symptoms. Objective. To report a case of primary hepatic angiosarcoma in an otherwise healthy man with normal liver function tests two months prior to presenting with a short period of jaundice that progressed to fulminant hepatic failure. Methods. Case report and review of literature. Conclusion. This case illustrates the rapidity of progression to death after the onset of symptoms in a patient with hepatic angiosarcoma. Research on early diagnostic strategies and newer therapies are needed to improve prognosis in this rare and poorly understood malignancy with limited treatment options.

  6. Transfusion-associated hepatitis before the screening of blood for hepatitis risk factors

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Engle, Ronald E; Bukh, Jens; Alter, Harvey J

    2014-01-01

    %) with HBV alone, and one (3%) with both viruses. Overall, 100% of patients with hepatitis and 39% of those without hepatitis were infected with HBV and/or HCV; one patient was also infected with hepatitis E virus. The donor carrier rate for HBV and/or HCV was estimated to be more than 6%; contemporaneously......%) developed biochemical evidence of hepatitis; of these, 20 (67%) were infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) alone, four (13%) with hepatitis B virus (HBV) alone, and six (20%) with both viruses. Among the 36 patients who did not develop hepatitis, four (11%) were newly infected with HCV alone, nine (25...... prepared pooled normal human plasma was also contaminated with multiple hepatitis viruses. CONCLUSION: TAH virus infections were a larger problem than perceived 50 years ago and HCV was the predominant agent transmitted. All hepatitis cases could be attributed to HCV and/or HBV and hence...

  7. [Viral hepatitis in travellers].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abreu, Cândida

    2007-01-01

    Considering the geographical asymmetric distribution of viral hepatitis A, B and E, having a much higher prevalence in the less developed world, travellers from developed countries are exposed to a considerable and often underestimated risk of hepatitis infection. In fact a significant percentage of viral hepatitis occurring in developed countries is travel related. This results from globalization and increased mobility from tourism, international work, humanitarian and religious missions or other travel related activities. Several studies published in Europe and North America shown that more than 50% of reported cases of hepatitis A are travel related. On the other hand frequent outbreaks of hepatitis A and E in specific geographic areas raise the risk of infection in these restricted zones and that should be clearly identified. Selected aspects related with the distribution of hepatitis A, B and E are reviewed, particularly the situation in Portugal according to the published studies, as well as relevant clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis of viral hepatitis. Basic prevention rules considering enteric transmitted hepatitis (hepatitis A and hepatitis E) and parenteral transmitted (hepatitis B) are reviewed as well as hepatitis A and B immunoprophylaxis. Common clinical situations and daily practice "pre travel" advice issues are discussed according to WHO/CDC recommendations and the Portuguese National Vaccination Program. Implications from near future availability of a hepatitis E vaccine, a currently in phase 2 trial, are highlighted. Potential indications for travellers to endemic countries like India, Nepal and some regions of China, where up to 30% of sporadic cases of acute viral hepatitis are caused by hepatitis E virus, are considered. Continued epidemiological surveillance for viral hepatitis is essential to recognize and control possible outbreaks, but also to identify new viral hepatitis agents that may emerge as important global health

  8. Attitudes and Awareness Regarding Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    in many cases hepatitis B and C can lead to permanent liver ... Department of Public Health Dentistry, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, 1Department of Oral Surgery, Gian ... training among HCWs to prevent the spread of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. ..... primary care physicians following the Department of.

  9. Performance of 'Rocha' and 'Santa Maria' pears as affected by planting density

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mateus da Silveira Pasa

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of 'Rocha' and 'Santa Maria' pears at two planting densities. The experiment was carried out during the 2011/2012, 2012/2013, and 2013/2014 growing seasons, in one-year-old orchards (2011/2012 of 'Rocha' and 'Santa Maria' pears, trained in a central-leader system and planted in two densities (2,000 and 4,000 trees per hectare. The assessed parameters were: production per hectare, production per tree, yield efficiency, number of fruit per tree, average fruit weight, trunk diameter increment, fruit firmness, and soluble solid contents. The cumulative yield of 'Rocha' is greater at the higher planting density, whereas the yield efficiency of 'Santa Maria' increases at the lower planting density, as the trees get more mature. Trunk diameter of 'Rocha' also increases at the lower planting density. However, fruit quality parameters in both cultivars are little affected by planting density.

  10. Professional literature production and information science education in Santa Catarina State, BrazilProdução de literatura profissional e educação em informação documentária no estado de Santa Catarina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Francisca Rasche

    1999-09-01

    Full Text Available This is a analysis about the professional literature production at library and information science in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, from 1973 to 1990 and its insertion on the professional education curriculum of the undergraduated library and information science schools of the UFSC [Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina] and UDESC [Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina], from 1973 to 1993. The tables and graphics present a low insertion of this literature on the curriculum.Análise de pesquisa acerca da produção de literatura por profissionais da informação documentária em Santa Catarina e de sua inserção nos programas e planos de ensino dos cursos de Biblioteconomia da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC – e Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina – UDESC. Para a análise foram construídas duas bases de dados; a primeira refere-se à identificação da produção no período de 1973 a 1990 e a segunda refere-se à identificação da literatura citada nos programas e planos e ensino de Biblioteconomia das duas Universidades. Os resultados indicam baixa inserção da produção local, de 1973 a 1990, nos programas e planos de ensino ministrados de 1973 a 1993, apontando para um processo educacional reprodutivista e desestimulador da produção escrita.

  11. Análise de distribuição de chuva para Santa Maria, RS Analysis of rainfall distribution for Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joel C. da Silva

    2007-02-01

    Full Text Available O estudo em pauta teve como objetivo analisar a distribuição da quantidade diária de precipitação e do número de dias com chuva e determinar a variação da probabilidade de ocorrência de precipitação diária, durante os meses do ano, em Santa Maria, RS. Os dados de precipitação utilizados foram obtidos durante 36 anos de observação, na Estação Climatológica do 8º Distrito de Meteorologia, localizada na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (29º 43' 23" de latitude Sul e 53º 43' 15" de longitude Oeste, altitude 95 m. Analisaram-se as seguintes funções de distribuição de probabilidade: gama, Weibull, normal, log-normal e exponencial. As funções que melhor descreveram a distribuição das probabilidades foram gama e Weibull. O maior número de dias com chuva ocorreu durante os meses de inverno porém o volume de precipitação é menor nesses dias, resultando em total mensal semelhante para todos os meses do ano.The objectives of this study were to analyze the distribution of total daily rainfall data and the number of rainy-days, and to determine the probability variation of daily precipitation during the months of the year in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A 36-year rainfall database measured at the Climatological Station of 8th District of Meteorology, located in Santa Maria Federal University (29º 43' 23" S and 53º 43' 15" W were used in the study. The following probability distribution functions were tested: gamma, Weibull, normal, lognormal and exponential. The functions that best described the frequency distribution were gamma and Weibull. There were more number of rainy days in the winter, but with less amount of rainfall, resulting in similar monthly total precipitation for the twelve months of the year.

  12. Application of Serum Hepatic Fibrosis Indices in the Diagnosis of Hepatic Disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lu Yanting; Wang Taisong; Gu Xin

    2010-01-01

    To investigate the significance of combined detection of laminin (LN), collagen type IV (CIV), hyaluronic acid (HA) and precollagen type III (PCIII) in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis. The serum levels of LN, CIV, HA and PCIII in 143 patients with hepatic disease and 41 healthy controls were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results showed that the serum levels of LN, CIV, HA and PCIII in patients with hepatic disease were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01), and the serum levels of those markers were related to the severity of the chronic hepatic disease. The highest serum levels were found in serious chronic hepatitis group and hepatic fibrosis group,and the increase of serum HA and PCIII was most remarkable. Combined detection of LN, CIV, HA and PCIII is a sensitive and reliable method in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis, but the four serum indices can not be used in differentiating serious chronic hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis. (authors)

  13. Santa Barbara Final Technical Report

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hacker, Angela; Hansen, Sherman; Watkins, Ashley

    2013-11-30

    This report serves as the Final Report for Santa Barbara County’s Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant (EECBG) BetterBuildings Neighborhood Program (BBNP) award from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). This report explains how DOE BBNP funding was invested to develop robust program infrastructure designed to help property owners complete energy improvements, thereby generating substantial outcomes for the local environment and economy. It provides an overview of program development and design within the grant period, program accomplishments and challenges to date, and a plan for the future sustainability of emPower, the County’s innovative clean energy and building efficiency program. During the grant period, Santa Barbara County’s emPower program primarily targeted 32,000 owner occupied, single family, detached residential homes over 25 years old within the County. In order to help these homeowners and their contractors overcome market barriers to completing residential energy improvements, the program developed and promoted six voluntary, market-based service areas: 1) low cost residential financing (loan loss reserve with two local credit unions), 2) residential rebates, 3) local customer service, 4) expert energy advising, 5) workforce development and training, and 6) marketing, education and outreach. The main goals of the program were to lower building energy use, create jobs and develop a lasting regional building performance market. These services have generated important early outcomes and lessons after the program’s first two years in service. The DOE BBNP funding was extended through October 2014 to enable Santa Barbara County to generate continued outcomes. In fact, funding related to residential financing remains wholly available for the foreseeable future to continue offering Home Upgrade Loans to approximately 1,300 homeowners. The County’s investment of DOE BBNP funding was used to build a lasting, effective, and innovative

  14. Etnoeducación Indígena Intercultural en el Caribe Colombiano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Clemente Mendoza Castro

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available El ensayo resume un avance del proyecto “Estudios etnoeducativos y curriculares en el Caribe colombiano”, tiene el propósito de reflexionar sobre la etnoeducación en Colombia como aporte a la educación desde las prácticas pedagógicas de los etnoeducadores indígenas. Se analiza la historia de la etnoeducación indígena en Colombia y a manera de ejemplo sintetiza las experiencias etnoinvestigativas que se desarrollan en las escuelas indígenas de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, La Guajira y el Atlántico, visibilizando la visión que tienen los maestros indígenas de etnoeducación y currículo, prácticas pedagógicas, etnoinvestigación, formando la aproximación de un programa etnoeducativo curricular pensado desde la realidad social e intercultural en el Caribe colombiano. Se propone con argumentación la aproximación a un modelo curricular integrado desde la etnoeducación indígena intercultural para el Caribe colombiano.AbstractThis essay summarizes an advance of the project Ethnoeducational and curricular studies in the Colombian Caribbean, and its purpose is to reflect on the ethnoeducation in Colombia as a contribution to the education from pedagogical practices of native ethnoeducators. The history of the native ethnoeducation in Colombia is analyzed and ethnoresearch experiences carried out in the native schools at Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Guajira and Atlántico are synthesized making evident teachers’ view on ethnoeducation and curriculum, pedagogical practices, ethnoresearch, and training. This is an approximation to an ethnoeducational and curricular program thought from the social and intercultural reality in the Colombian Caribbean. The approximation to a curricular integrated model from the intercultural native ethnoeducation for the Colombian Caribbean it is proposed with arguments.

  15. Prevalencia del suicidio femenino en el departamento del Magdalena (Colombia: 2004-2010

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diego Pérez Manjarrez

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Title:  Prevalence of suicide girls in the department of Magdalena (Colombia: 2004-2010.ResumenEl suicidio es considerado una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo, y por tanto es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Se ha definido como aquella conducta en la cual el ser humano que logra terminar con su vida de manera voluntaria. Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal retrospectivo, tomando como base los registros de los suicidios de mujeres para el departamento del Magdalena en el período 2004-2010, suministrados por el Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, regional Santa Marta. La presente investigación encontró que durante el periodo 2004-2010 en el departamento del Magdalena se presentaron 206 suicidios, de los cuales 30 (14.5% fueron consumados por mujeres, de las cuales dos (6.66% eran adolescentes. Se concluye que la prevalencia del suicidio femenino en el periodo estudiado fue del 14.5%. (DUAZARY 2012 No. 1, 87 - 93AbstractSuicide is considered a major cause of death in the world, therefore, is a public health problem worldwide. Suicide is defined as that human behavior that does end his life voluntarily. We conducted a retrospective, longitudinal study, based on records supplied by the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Santa Marta region for the period 2004-2010 of suicides by women for the Department of Magdalena. This investigation found that during the period 2004 to 2010 in the department of Magdalena showed 206 suicides, of which 30 (14.5% were accomplished by women, and of these, two women (6.66% were adolescents. It is concluded that the prevalence of female suicide in the study period was 14.5%.Keywords: Suicide; sex; women; prevalence. (MeSH.

  16. Características de las Fracturas de Radio Tratadas Quirúrgicamente en Pacientes Mayores de 15 Años

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    Leonardo Andrés Carrillo Castiblanco

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available ResumenSe realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, tipo serie de casos analizando las características de las fracturas de radio manejadas quirúrgicamente en pacientes mayores de 15 años entre enero del 2004 y diciembre del 2005 en la clínica El Prado de la ciudad de Santa Marta. Se revisaron 498 historias clínicas de las cuales 219 tenían criterios de inclusión. Se excluyeron del estudio pacientes con tratamiento conservador, trauma craneoencefálico y menores de quince años. Los resultados fueron expresados en relación porcentual. El rango de edad más afectado fue el 15 – 35 años. El sexo prevalente fue el masculino y la ocupación en mayor proporción fue ama de casa. Las lesiones en la extremidad superior derecha y el segmento distal los más frecuentemente afectados. El tratamiento quirúrgico fue la reducción más osteosíntesis siendo los clavos de Kirschner el material quirúrgico utilizado con mayor frecuencia. (Duazary 2007; 2: 85 - 92AbstractWe realized a descriptive retrospective study analyzed the characteristics of the radio fractures surgically treated in patients over 15 years old between January 2004 and December 2005 in Clínica El Prado on Santa Marta city.We analyzed 499 clinic histories and 219 were included in this study. We excluded patients with orthopedic treatment, encephalic trauma and 15 years old minor patients. The results were expressed in porcentual relation. The more affected age ranges were 15 - 35 years old. The prevalent sex were man and the frequently extremity affected were right arm and the distal third the segment affected more frequently. The surgical treatment more utilized was reduction and percutaneus k - wires.Key words: Trauma; Fracture; Displacement; Unstability.

  17. UNA MIRADA A LA VIOLENCIA QUE LEEN LOS SAMARIOS

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    Grace Angeline Morales Urueta

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen Esta investigación, de carácter cuantitativo, se orientó a observar la violencia en el contenido de las noticias locales del Distrito de Santa Marta publicadas en los diarios: El Informador, Hoy Diario del Magdalena, Ajá y Qué y Al Día. El análisis caracterizó la violencia Directa, Cultural y Estructural en los espacios en los que se desarrolla: Naturaleza, Hombre y Sociedad, de acuerdo a la Teoría sobre las estructuras de violencia en la sociedad de Johan Galtung; para el análisis de la estructura del texto se utilizó el planteamiento de Teun Van Dijk. Los resultados indican que los hechos de violencia se registraron en mayor proporción en el espacio de los Hombres con actos que tipifican Violencia directa; seguidamente la Sociedad con hechos de Violencia estructural y en el escenario de la Naturaleza acciones violentas de tipo cultural. Abstract This quantitative research was aimed to observe the level of violence in the local news content of the District of Santa Marta, published in newspapers such as: El Informador, Hoy Diario del Magdalena, Ajá y Qué, and Al Día. The analysis characterized the cultural and structural direct violence among the spaces where it usually develops: Nature, Man and Society, according to the theory about the structures of violence in society by Johan Galtung, for the analysis of text structure the approach of Teun Van Dijk was used. Results indicate that the violent events that occurred in greater proportion were observed in environments of humans whose acts constitute direct violence, followed by society, whose acts constitute structural violence, and finally nature, whose acts constitute cultural violence.

  18. Noteworthy bird records at Lagoa Santa, southeastern Brazil Registros notáveis de aves em Lagoa Santa, sudeste do Brasil

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    Marcos Rodrigues

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Lagoa Santa, a small town in southeastern Brazil where naturalist Peter Lund lived, is regarded nowadays as an important historical site for the biological sciences. From 1847 to 1855, J.T. Reinhardt, hosted by Lund, collected 343 bird species. This material is an outstanding reference for many modern ornithological studies. The present paper reports the occurrence of some rare and threatened birds for the region of Lagoa Santa between 1998 and 2005. In this account I list the Rusty-margined Guan Penelope superciliaris Temminck, 1815; the Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja Linnaeus, 1758; the Maguari Stork Ciconia maguari (Gmelin, 1789; the Wood Stork Mycteria americana Linnaeus, 1758; the Black Hawk-eagle Spizaetus tyrannus (Wied, 1820 and the Turquoise-fronted Parrot Amazona aestiva (Linnaeus, 1758. It is also reported the southernmost record for the Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna (Linnaeus, 1758 and the range extension of the Crowned Slaty flycatcher Griseotyrannus aurantioatrocristatus (d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye, 1837. These data can be used as a baseline for studies of colonization and extinction.Lagoa Santa, cidade onde viveu Peter Lund é um dos sítios de maior importância histórica para as ciências biológicas. Durante os anos de 1847 e 1855, J.T. Reinhardt, a convite de Lund, coletou 343 espécies de aves que são hoje referência para vários estudos ornitológicos. O presente artigo relata a ocorrência de algumas aves raras e/ou ameaçadas para a região de Lagoa Santa, entre 1998 e 2005. A lista de espécies inclui a jacupemba Penelope superciliaris Temminck, 1815, o colhereiro Platalea ajaja Linnaeus, 1758, a maguari Ciconia maguari (Gmelin, 1789, a cabeça-seca Mycteria americana Linnaeus, 1758, o gavião-pega-macaco Spizaetus tyrannus (Wied, 1820; e o papagaio-verdadeiro Amazona aestiva (Linnaeus, 1758. Relata-se também a ocorrência mais meridional da arara-canindé Ara ararauna (Linnaeus, 1758, e a expansão da distribui

  19. Field-trip guide to the geology of the Lexington Reservoir and Loma Prieta areas in the Santa Cruz Mountains, Santa Clara and Santa Cruz counties, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stoffer, Philip W.; Messina, Paula

    2002-01-01

    This guide contains a road log and five stop descriptions for a field trip in the southern Santa Cruz Mountains. The trip officially begins at the boat dock parking area on Alma Bridge Road near the dam of Lexington Reservoir. Stop 1 involves a walk up the Limekiln Trail to examine a large landslide in serpentinite that frequently takes out the trail. Stop 2 is at Miller Point picnic area along the shore of the reservoir where exposures of massive, fractured graywacke sandstone are capped with terrace gravel deposits. Stop 3 is along Highland Way in the Santa Cruz Mountains where large landslides have occasionally force the closure of the road. Stop 4A-C are several closely spaced outcrop areas along Loma Prieta Avenue and Summit-Mt. Madonna Road in the Loma Prieta summit area. A walk to scenic vista points provide opportunity to discuss the evolution of regional landscape along the crest of the Sierra Azul. In addition, a variety of rock types are exposed in the Stop 4 area along a series of road cuts, including Cretaceous age conglomerate, turbidites (consisting of interbedded sandstone and shale), and fossiliferous mudstone. Stop 5 involves returning to the boat dock parking area to examine geology and the placement of the Lexington Dam in the Los Gatos Creek canyon.

  20. Hepatitis A seroprevalence in patients with chronic viral hepatitis in Konya, Turkey.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Özden, Hale T

    2016-03-01

    Hepatitis A is among the diseases that can be prevented with vaccination in our time. Acute hepatitis A progresses more severely in individuals with a liver disease. Therefore, patients with a chronic liver disease (because of hepatitis B or hepatitis C) are advised vaccination with the hepatitis A vaccine. This study is aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies in patients infected with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus in Konya province of Turkey. A total of 537 patients who had chronic viral hepatitis between January 2011 and December 2014 were included in the study. Serum samples were collected from each patient and tested for anti-HAV using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. The overall seroprevalence of total anti-HAV IgG was 94.2%. The overall prevalence of anti-HAV IgG in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection was 97.5 and 93.6%, respectively. Anti-HAV IgG positivity was 97.4% in cirrhotic patients and 93.9% in noncirrhotic individuals. At the end of the study, being older than 40 years and living in a rural area were found to be independent risk factors for anti-HAV IgG seropositivity. In conclusion, we recommend that patients younger than 40 years and/or those living in cities and having a chronic liver disease should be vaccinated with the hepatitis A vaccine.

  1. Hepatitis A seroprevalence in patients with chronic viral hepatitis in Konya, Turkey

    Science.gov (United States)

    2016-01-01

    Aim Hepatitis A is among the diseases that can be prevented with vaccination in our time. Acute hepatitis A progresses more severely in individuals with a liver disease. Therefore, patients with a chronic liver disease (because of hepatitis B or hepatitis C) are advised vaccination with the hepatitis A vaccine. This study is aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies in patients infected with hepatitis C virus or hepatitis B virus in Konya province of Turkey. Methods A total of 537 patients who had chronic viral hepatitis between January 2011 and December 2014 were included in the study. Serum samples were collected from each patient and tested for anti-HAV using the chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Results The overall seroprevalence of total anti-HAV IgG was 94.2%. The overall prevalence of anti-HAV IgG in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection was 97.5 and 93.6%, respectively. Anti-HAV IgG positivity was 97.4% in cirrhotic patients and 93.9% in noncirrhotic individuals. Conclusion At the end of the study, being older than 40 years and living in a rural area were found to be independent risk factors for anti-HAV IgG seropositivity. In conclusion, we recommend that patients younger than 40 years and/or those living in cities and having a chronic liver disease should be vaccinated with the hepatitis A vaccine. PMID:26703930

  2. Potencial de cultivo da macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii no litoral de Santa Catarina

    OpenAIRE

    Santos, Alex Alves dos

    2014-01-01

    Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aqüicultura, Florianópolis, 2014. Os cultivos da macroalga K. alvarezii em monocultivo ou integrados com moluscos (Crassostrea gigas e Perna perna) podem proporcionar benefícios ambientais e econômicos. Este trabalho avaliou o potencial de cultivo da macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii no parque aquícola de Santa Catarina. O primeiro trabalho identificou a capacidade do parque e...

  3. INFEKSI VIRUS HEPATITIS B DAN HEPATITIS C PADA PENDERITA HEPATITIS KRONIS DAN HEMODIALISIS DI JAKARTA

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    Djoko Yuwono

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available Virus Hepatitis C dan Hepatitis B merupakan penyebab hepatitis kronik aktif yang dapat berkembang menjadi hepatoselular karsinoma. Untuk mengetahui peranan kedua jenis virus tersebut sebagai penyebab hepatoselular karsinoma, telah dilakukan pemeriksaan HbsAg, anti-VHC dan RNA-VHC pada 17 penderita hepatitis kronis. 19 Pasien hemodialisis dan 198 donor darah PMI. Pemeriksaan HbsAg dilakukan dengan RPHA Cell: pemeriksaan anti-VHC dengan dipstik anti-VHC kit diagnotik produksi NTB Mataram, Lombok. Deteksi RNA-VHC dilakukan dengan teknik RT-PCR, menggunakan primer spesifik untuk daerah 5'NCR. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa pada penderita hepatitis kronis ditemukan 5 orang (23,5% positif HbsAg dan 1 orang (5,8% anti-VHC. Pada penderita hemodialisis ditemukan 14 orang (73,6% positif anti-VHC, persentase anti-VHC meningkat sesuai dengan meningkatnya frekuensi hemodialisis. Pada donor darah PMI ditemukan 5 orang (2,2% positif HbsAg dan tidak satupun ditemukan anti-VHC positif.

  4. Experimental study of CT perfusion in hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis and early stage of cirrhosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Guan Sheng; Zhao Weidong; Zhou Kangrong; Peng Weijun; Mao Jian; Tang Feng; Wang Yong; Cao Guang; Sun Fei

    2005-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the value of CT perfusion in the early diagnosis of hepatic diffuse disease. Methods: Fourteen male Wistar rats of control group and 14 of test group at stages of hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis which were induced with diethylnitrosamine (DEN), were studied with CT perfusion respectively. CT perfusion data of different stages were compared and pathologic analysis were performed. Results: Density-time curves of CT perfusion were satisfactory and all perfusion data could be obtained. During the period of hepatitis developing into early stage of hepatic cirrhosis, hepatic artery flow (HAF) trended to increase in test group, mean transmit time (MTT) prolonged obviously, blood flow (BF) and volume (BV) declined. While in control group, HAF declined slightly, MTT, BV and BF increased. Statistic analysis showed the differences of HAF and MTT at different stages between control and test groups were significant (P<0.05 ); the differences of BV and BF between hepatitis and hepatic cirrhosis, hepatic fibrosis and early stage of hepatic cirrhosis in test group were significant (P<0.05), but no significant difference between hepatitis and hepatic fibrosis. The corresponding pathologic changes at stage of hepatitis was swelling of hepatic cells; sinusoids cap illarization and deposition of collagen in the extravascular Disse's spaces were the main changes relating to hepatic blood perfusion at stage of fibrosis and early stage of cirrhosis. Conclusion: The method of CT scan can reflect some changes of hepatic blood perfusion in rats with hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis and early stage of cirrhosis. The data of CT perfusion, especially the changes should be valuable for clinical early diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. (authors)

  5. Biocalcarenites as construction materials in Santa Marina de Aguas Santas Church at Cordoba, Spain

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    Meroño, J. E.

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available This study consisted in characterizing the materials used to build Santa Marina de Aguas Santas Church at Cordoba and locating the original quarries. The techniques used in the lithological and chemical characterization included XRD, petrographic microscopy and electron dispersive scanning microscopy. The chemical index of weathering (CIW was used to quantify the state of stone decay. The lithology and different types of alterations observed were mapped. A comparison of the material on the building to ancient quarries identified “Naranjo” as the possible site where the stone was originally quarried.Para la caracterización litológica y determinación del grado de alteración de los materiales pétreos se han empleado las siguientes técnicas: difracción de rayos X (método del polvo, microscopía petrográfica (sobre lámina delgada y microscopía de barrido con EDS (energía dispersiva de rayos X, para determinar la composición química. El estado de degradación del material pétreo se ha cuantificado a partir del índice químico de alteración (CIW. Se han realizado cartografías sobre la fachada oeste: a de las litologías presentes y b de los diferentes tipos de alteración observados. La comparación de muestras del edificio con las de antiguas canteras ha permitido identificar la del Naranjo como la posible cantera de origen.

  6. da Região Oeste de Santa Catarina

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    Valdir F. Denardin

    2005-01-01

    Full Text Available The agricultural activity developed in the western region of the state of Santa Catarina generates wealth on the one hand, but on the other it generates environmental degradation and consequently negative impacts for both humans and other forms of life. Considering this, the first objective of the article is to respond how it is possible to internalize the external factors generated by the agricultural sector. In this way two alternate theoretical models for internalization of the external costs are found in literature: Pareto Internalization and Institutional Internalization. The second objective, on the other hand, consists in identifying which type of internalization is best suited for the Western Santa Catarina region under a perspective which is aimed at sustainable development. To respond to this question it was necessary to discuss, theoretically, sustainable development, as well as weak and strong sustainability. Following this, the first option of internalization to be dealt with follows the perspective of a weak sustainability and the second of a strong sustainability.

  7. Hepatitis Risk Assessment

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... please visit this page: About CDC.gov . Hepatitis Risk Assessment Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share Compartir Viral Hepatitis. Are you at risk? Take this 5 minute Hepatitis Risk Assessment developed ...

  8. Yeast-recombinant hepatitis B vaccine: efficacy with hepatitis B immune globulin in prevention of perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Stevens, C.E.; Taylor, P.E.; Tong, M.J.; Toy, P.T.; Vyas, G.N.; Nair, P.V.; Weissman, J.Y.; Krugman, S.

    1987-01-01

    A yeast-recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was licensed recently by the Food and Drug administration and is now available. To assess the efficacy of the yeast-recombinant vaccine, the authors administered the vaccine in combination with hepatitis B immune globulin to high-risk newborns. If infants whose mothers were positive for both hepatitis B surface antigen and the e antigen receive no immunoprophylaxis, 70% to 90% become infected with the virus, and almost all become chronic carriers. Among infants in this study who received hepatitis B immune globulin at birth and three 5- + g doses of yeast-recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, only 4.8% became chronic carriers, a better than 90% level of protection and a rate that is comparable with that seen with immune globulin and plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis surface antigen and antibodies were detected by radioimmunoassay. These data suggest that, in this high-risk setting, the yeast-recombinant vaccine is as effective as the plasma-derived vaccine in preventing hepatitis B virus infection and the chronic carrier state

  9. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatic cirrhosis: Comparison with viral hepatitis-associated steatosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Haga, Yuki; Kanda, Tatsuo; Sasaki, Reina; Nakamura, Masato; Nakamoto, Shingo; Yokosuka, Osamu

    2015-12-14

    Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is globally increasing and has become a world-wide health problem. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus (HCV) is associated with hepatic steatosis. Viral hepatitis-associated hepatic steatosis is often caused by metabolic syndrome including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or dyslipidemia. It has been reported that HCV genotype 3 exerts direct metabolic effects that lead to hepatic steatosis. In this review, the differences between NAFLD/NASH and viral hepatitis-associated steatosis are discussed.

  10. Liver Cancer and Hepatitis B

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Clinical Trials Physician Directory HBV Meeting What Is Hepatitis B? What Is Hepatitis B? The ABCs of Viral Hepatitis Liver Cancer and Hepatitis B Hepatitis Delta Coinfection Hepatitis C Coinfection HIV/AIDS ...

  11. Normal variation of hepatic artery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kim, Inn; Nam, Myung Hyun; Rhim, Hyun Chul; Koh, Byung Hee; Seo, Heung Suk; Kim, Soon Yong

    1987-01-01

    This study was an analyses of blood supply of the liver in 125 patients who received hepatic arteriography and abdominal aortography from Jan. 1984 to Dec. 1986 at the Department of Radiology of Hanyang University Hospital. A. Variations in extrahepatic arteries: 1. The normal extrahepatic artery pattern occurred in 106 of 125 cases (84.8%) ; Right hepatic and left hepatic arteries arising from the hepatic artery proper and hepatic artery proper arising from the common hepatic artery. 2. The most common type of variation of extrahepatic artery was replaced right hepatic artery from superior mesenteric artery: 6 of 125 cases (4.8%). B. Variations in intrahepatic arteries: 1. The normal intrahepatic artery pattern occurred in 83 of 125 cases (66.4%). Right hepatic and left hepatic arteries arising from the hepatic artery proper and middle hepatic artery arising from lower portion of the umbilical point of left hepatic artery. 2. The most common variation of intrahepatic arteries was middle hepatic artery. 3. Among the variation of middle hepatic artery; Right, middle and left hepatic arteries arising from the same location at the hepatic artery proper was the most common type; 17 of 125 cases (13.6%)

  12. Hepatitis B & C and HIV

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Find Services HIV SERVICES LOCATOR Locator Search Search Hepatitis B & C Topics Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis ... Infections Sexually Transmitted Diseases Smoking Women's Health Issues Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infection People ...

  13. Water quality, Multivariate statistical techniques, submarine out fall, spatial variation, temporal variation

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Garcia, Francisco; Palacio, Carlos; Garcia, Uriel

    2012-01-01

    Multivariate statistical techniques were used to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of water quality at the Santa Marta coastal area where a submarine out fall that discharges 1 m3/s of domestic wastewater is located. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), cluster and principal component analysis and Krigging interpolation were considered for this report. Temporal variation showed two heterogeneous periods. From December to April, and July, where the concentration of the water quality parameters is higher; the rest of the year (May, June, August-November) were significantly lower. The spatial variation reported two areas where the water quality is different, this difference is related to the proximity to the submarine out fall discharge.

  14. Associated fauna to the mangroves and other marshes in the Delta-estuary of the River Magdalena, Colombia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Moreno Bejarano, Luz Myriam; Alvarez Leon, Ricardo

    2003-01-01

    A synthesis of observations and collections of fauna associated with different vegetative communities and bodies of water present in the estuarine-delta of Magdalena river, with emphasis in the Via Park Isla Salamanca (56.200 acres) and National Reserve Flora and Fauna Sanctuary of the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta (23.000 acres), between 1978-1985. The information was gathered through samplings and manual captures affected during 1978 and period 1981-1985, as well as accomplished direct observations sporadically in the period 1986-1998. The records of 10 species of amphibians, 40 species of reptiles, 194 species of birds and 46 species of mammals show the great variety of fauna in this Caribbean area of Colombia

  15. Hepatitis C: Sex and Sexuality

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... with Hepatitis » Sex and Sexuality: Entire Lesson Viral Hepatitis Menu Menu Viral Hepatitis Viral Hepatitis Home For ... hepatitis C virus through sex. Can you pass hepatitis C to a sex partner? Yes, but it ...

  16. Hepatitis C: Diet and Nutrition

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... with Hepatitis » Daily Living: Diet and Nutrition Viral Hepatitis Menu Menu Viral Hepatitis Viral Hepatitis Home For ... have high cholesterol and have fatty liver. How hepatitis C affects diet If you have hepatitis, you ...

  17. Does chronic hepatitis B infection affect the clinical course of acute hepatitis A?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Shin, Su Rin; Moh, In Ho; Jung, Sung Won; Kim, Jin Bae; Park, Sang Hoon; Kim, Hyoung Su; Jang, Myung Kuk; Lee, Myung Seok

    2013-01-01

    The impact of chronic hepatitis B on the clinical outcome of acute hepatitis A remains controversial. The aim of present study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of acute hepatitis A in cases with underlying chronic hepatitis B compared to cases of acute hepatitis A alone. Data on 758 patients with acute hepatitis A admitted at two university-affiliated hospitals were reviewed. Patients were classified into three groups: group A, patients with both acute hepatitis A and underlying chronic hepatitis B (n = 27); group B, patients infected by acute hepatitis A alone whose sexes and ages were matched with patients in group A (n  = 54); and group C, patients with acute hepatitis A alone (n = 731). None of the demographic features of group A were significantly different from those of group B or C, except for the proportion of males and body weight, which differed from group C. When comparing to group B, clinical symptoms were more frequent, and higher total bilirubin and lower albumin levels were observed in group A. When comparing to group C, the albumin levels were lower in group A. There were no differences in the duration of hospital stay, occurrence of acute kidney injury, acute liver failure, prolonged cholestasis, or relapsing hepatitis. This study revealed that clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were less favorable for patients with acute hepatitis A and chronic hepatitis B compared to those with acute hepatitis A alone. However, there were no differences in fatal outcomes or serious complications. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  18. Qualidade de sementes de Lolium multiflorum tetraploide comercializadas em Santa Catarina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ricardo Miotto Ternus

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Na região Sul do Brasil, no período do inverno o azevém (Lolium multiflorum Lam se torna fundamental para a formação de pastagens. No entanto, o uso e a comercialização de sementes de azevém tetraploide têm crescido em relação aos diploides, devido, principalmente, a qualidade superior de suas sementes. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade das sementes de azevém tetraploide, comercializadas no Estado de Santa Catarina. Foram utilizados seis lotes de sementes de azevém tetraploide da cultivar Barjumbo, oriundos de diferentes estabelecimentos comerciais do Estado de Santa Catarina. Cada lote de semente foi obtido a partir de coleta oficial. Buscaram-se lotes de sementes da categoria certificada, sendo dois lotes de cada país produtor (Argentina, Brasil e Uruguai. Avaliou-se a qualidade física e fisiológica a partir dos testes de pureza física, massa de mil sementes, teste de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz e massa seca da área e da raiz. Os resultados demonstram que 100% dos lotes analisados atendem os padrões legais de pureza física e germinação para a comercialização de sementes, independente da origem. Para o teste de germinação os resultados obtidos foram 27% superiores ao padrão legal. Os lotes de sementes de azevém tetraploides nacionais comercializados em Santa Catarina, mesmo apresentando-se dentro dos padrões legais para os testes de pureza física e germinação, apresentaram menor vigor quando comparados aos lotes oriundos da Argentina e Uruguai.Quality of Lolium multiflorum tetraploide seeds marketed in Santa CatarinaAbstract: In the southern region of Brazil, during the winter period ryegrass becomes essential for pasture formation. The use and commercialization of tetraploid ryegrass seeds has grown in relation to diploids, mainly due to the superior quality of their seeds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of tetraploid

  19. 76 FR 31242 - Revisions to the California State Implementation Plan, Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-05-31

    ... the California State Implementation Plan, Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District AGENCY... limited disapproval of revisions to the Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District (SBCAPCD... BTU/hr and internal combustion engines with a rated brake horse power of 50 or greater. Under...

  20. The evolving fresh market berry industry in Santa Cruz and Monterey counties

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Laura Tourte

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available The fresh market berry industry in Santa Cruz and Monterey counties has contributed significantly to the agricultural vibrancy of the two counties and the state of California. Dramatic growth in strawberry, raspberry and blackberry production has been documented over the last 50 years, and most notably since the 1980s. Factors influencing this growth include innovations in agricultural practices and heightened consumer demand. Here, we review the historical context for the berry industry in Santa Cruz and Monterey counties. Organic production, production economics and challenges for the future are also discussed.

  1. Physiological quality of soybean seeds produced in four edaphoclimatic regions of Santa Catarina

    OpenAIRE

    Frandoloso,Volmir; Meneghello,Géri Eduardo; André,Maria Ângela; Deuner,Cristiane; Menegaz,Winicius

    2015-01-01

    Abstract:The production of soybeans in the state of Santa Catarina is quite significant in the national context, since the state is recognized for producing seeds with high standards of physiological quality, due to the use of modern technologies and favorable climatic conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds produced by major companies in the state of Santa Catarina, analyzed in three seasons: harvesting (reception at UBS), after processing...

  2. How Hepatitis D Virus Can Hinder the Control of Hepatitis B Virus

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Xiridiou, M.; Borkent-Raven, B.; Hulshof, J.; Wallinga, J.

    2009-01-01

    Background: Hepatitis D (or hepatitis delta) virus is a defective virus that relies on hepatitis B virus (HBV) for transmission; infection with hepatitis D can occur only as coinfection with HBV or superinfection of an existing HBV infection. Because of the bond between the two viruses, control

  3. Microbiological diagnostics of viral hepatitis

    OpenAIRE

    HASDEMİR, Ufuk

    2016-01-01

    Viral hepatitis is an infection that primarily affects the liverbut may also have systemic clinical manifestations. The vastmajority of viral hepatitis are caused by one of five hepatotropicviruses: hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV),hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D (delta) virus (HDV), andhepatitis E virus (HEV) (Table I) [1]. HBV, HCV, and HDValso cause chronic hepatitis, whereas HAV does not. HEVcauses acute hepatitis in normal hosts but can cause protractedand chronic he...

  4. Stratification of the state of Santa Catarina in macro-environments for bean cultivation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliano Garcia Bertoldo

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study was to suggest a division of the State of Santa Catarina in macro-environments forexperimentation and bean production. Data of the traits grain yield and plant cycle were evaluated in 10 common beangenotypes grown in nine environments. The data were submitted to the Student-Newman Keuls test, to detect differencesbetween environments, and the Best Linear Unbiased Prediction, to predict the environmental values. The results showed: (adifferences between the regions of Santa Catarina for the traits grain yield and plant cycle, which had a significant positivecorrelation of 0.26 (b Based on the genotypes and environments studied the state can be divided in two macro-environments(MA1 and MA2 and four micro-environments (MI1, MI2, MI3 and MI4. The state of Santa Catarina may be roughly dividedin at least two macro-environments for the recommendation of new cultivars.

  5. A Santa Sé e a Conferência de Helsinque

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Virgílio Caixeta Arraes

    2011-02-01

    Full Text Available A presente exposição busca, brevemente, estudar a atuação da Santa Sé durante a Conferência de Helsinque e analisar a diplomacia pontifica durante esse período da Guerra Fria.

  6. El registro biológico humano de la costa meridional de Santa Cruz

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Suby, Jorge A.

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available La costa patagónica constituye un sector de riesgo para el registro arqueológico, asociado a factores naturales y antrópicos. Al mismo tiempo, la conservación de las colecciones bioarqueológicas, destacándose la pérdida de restos óseos e información asociada por escasez de recursos, desconocimiento o falta de atención especializada, representa escenarios de riesgo para el registro. Una de las áreas para las cuales no se dispone hasta el momento de información bioarqueológica es la región que comprende la costa meridional de la provincia de Santa Cruz. Considerando esta ausencia de información, el objetivo de este trabajo es presentar y discutir los primeros resultados sobre restos óseos humanos hallados en la región costera próxima a la desembocadura del Río Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz, Argentina. Los estudios incluyen el análisis de las situaciones de hallazgo y riesgo de los restos recuperados en acciones de rescate, el reconocimiento y puesta en valor de materiales depositados en el Museo Regional "Carlos Borgialli" (Puerto Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, Argentina y estudios paleopatológicos. Al mismo tiempo se informan y analizan resultados cronológicos e isotópicos. Los resultados brindan evidencias claras de la ocupación de la región costera al menos durante los últimos 2000 años, consumo de recursos predominantemente terrestres y un estilo de vida que favorece el desarrollo de lesiones articulares, con escasos indicios de estrés sistémico que coinciden con los resultados reportados para la región continental del estrecho de Magallanes.

  7. [Evolution of clinical teaching at the medical college of Lisboa (I)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    da Costa, J C

    1990-01-01

    Clinical teaching at Lisbon's Faculty of Medicine is analyzed in its two phases: 1. A period of stability and continuity of the institution (from 1911 to 1947) characterized by good rules in the selection of teachers: an impressive group of personalities (F. Gentil, Pulido Valente, Reynaldo dos Santos, Egas Moniz, A. Flores, Sobral Cid, Lopo de Carvalho, Gama Pinto, etc). At the some period a true University Hospital (of Santa Marta) provided clinical investigation (cerebral angiography and leucotomy, aortography and arteriography of the limbs, angiopneumography, endarterectomy) and the creation of new specialties (neurosurgery, vascular surgery, pneumology). 2. A period of instability due to a deleterious political intervention (from 1947 to the present day) responsible for the destruction of the structure and concept of a new teaching hospital (Hospital de Santa Maria). As a result of the socio-political situation conflicting law and vicious rules lead to an excess of non-selected teachers and an alarming increase of students, patients and medical doctors. A change from the present situation and a new concept of clinical teaching must be imagined.

  8. 75 FR 9827 - Proposed Expansion of the Santa Maria Valley Viticultural Area (2008R-287P)

    Science.gov (United States)

    2010-03-04

    ...,'' by Harry P. Bailey, University of California Press, 1966). The maritime fringe climate derives from... California Press, 1975.) Soils: According to the petition, the current Santa Maria Valley viticultural area... viticultural area in Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties, California, by 18,790 acres. We designate...

  9. Feature Hepatitis: The Dangers of Hepatitis: What you should know from A to E

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Navigation Bar Home Current Issue Past Issues Feature Hepatitis The Dangers of Hepatitis: What you should know from A to E ... drugs. In some cases, hepatitis lasts a lifetime. Hepatitis: Acute or Chronic? Acute hepatitis is the initial ...

  10. Hepatitis C virus core protein induces hepatic steatosis via Sirt1-dependent pathway.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Chuanhai; Wang, Jingjing; Zhang, Hanlin; Liu, Shunai; Lee, Hyuek Jong; Jin, Wanzhu; Cheng, Jun

    2018-05-01

    Hepatic steatosis is a common feature of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Previous reports have shown that the overexpression of hepatitis C virus core-encoding sequences (hepatitis C virus genotypes 3a and 1b) significantly induces intracellular triglyceride accumulation. However, the underlying mechanism has not yet been revealed. To investigate whether Sirt1 is involved in hepatitis C virus-mediated hepatic steatosis, the overexpression of hepatitis C virus core 1b protein and Sirt1 and the knockdown of Sirt1 in HepG2 cells were performed. To confirm the results of the cellular experiment liver-specific Sirt1 KO mice with lentivirus-mediated hepatitis C virus core 1b overexpression were studied. Our results show that hepatitis C virus core 1b protein overexpression led to the accumulation of triglycerides in HepG2 cells. Notably the expression of PPARγ2 was dramatically increased at both the mRNA and protein levels by hepatitis C virus core 1b overexpression. The protein expression of Sirt1 is an upstream regulator of PPARγ2 and was also significantly increased after core 1b overexpression. In addition, the overexpression or knockdown of Sirt1 expression alone was sufficient to modulate p300-mediated PPARγ2 deacetylation. In vivo studies showed that hepatitis C virus core protein 1b-induced hepatic steatosis was attenuated in liver-specific Sirt1 KO mice by downregulation of PPARγ2 expression. Sirt1 mediates hepatitis C virus core protein 1b-induced hepatic steatosis by regulation of PPARγ2 expression. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  11. Conidiobolomicose causada por Conidiobolus lamprauges em ovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina Conidiobolomycosis caused by Conidiobolus lamprauges in sheep in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fernando Henrique Furlan

    2010-07-01

    Full Text Available Descreve-se um surto de conidiobolomicose em ovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. O surto ocorreu entre os meses de dezembro e março de 2006, no município de Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, região litorânea do Estado. A propriedade possuía 75 ovinos da raça Santa Inês e seis desses animais adoeceram. Clinicamente os animais doentes apresentavam dificuldade respiratória, corrimento nasal seroso a mucossanguinolento e, por vezes exolftalmia. Na necropsia verificou-se uma massa amarelada na região etmoidal e adjacências que, às vezes, atingia os linfonodos regionais, cérebro, globo ocular e pleura. Microscopicamente a massa caracterizava-se por infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso com áreas necróticas associadas a hifas largas pouco ramificadas. Através de exame molecular detectou-se DNA de Conidiobolus lamprauges. Os aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, macroscópicos, microscópicos e moleculares caracterizam a conidiobolomicose causada por Conidiobolus lamprauges em ovinos.An outbreak of conidiobolomycosis affecting sheep in the State of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil is reported. The disease occurred in six Santa Inês breed sheep from a flock of 75 during the rainy season. Common clinical signs were noisy respiration and dyspnea, serous to mucosanguineous nasal discharge and exophthalmus. At necropsy there was a dense yellow mass in the nasopharyngeal area affecting the ethmoidal region, turbinate bones and occasionally limph nodes, central nervous system and pleura. Histopathologycally there was multifocal granulomas whith an eosinophilic necrotic reaction containing ribbon type hyphae similar to zygomycetous fungi. At molecular examination Conidiobolus lamprauges DNA was detected. The clinical, epidemiological, macroscopical, microscopical and molecular aspects characterize conidiobolomycosis caused by Conidiobolus lamprauges in sheep.

  12. Hepatitis B Test

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Links Patient Resources For Health Professionals Subscribe Search Hepatitis B Testing Send Us Your Feedback Choose Topic At ... Known As HBV Tests Hep B anti-HBs Hepatitis B Surface Antibody HBsAg Hepatitis B Surface Antigen HBeAg ...

  13. Aberrant hepatic artery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Konstam, M.A.; Novelline, R.A.; Athanasoulis, C.A.

    1979-01-01

    In a patient undergoing selective hepatic arteriography for suspected liver trauma, a nonopacified area of the liver, initially thought to represent a hepatic hematoma, was later discovered to be due to the presence of an accessory right hepatic artery arising from the superior mesenteric artery. This case illustrates the need for a search for aberrant vasculature whenever a liver hematoma is suspected on the basis of a selective hepatic arteriogram. (orig.) [de

  14. Seroprevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Undertaking blood transfusion, tattooing and sharing of needles were associated with hepatitis C infection (P=0.001). HBV was not associated with any of the risk factors (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest a high prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C among pregnant women; blood transfusion, tattooing and ...

  15. Effect of energy concentration in the diets on sensorial and chemical parameters of Morada Nova, Santa Inez and Santa Inez x Dorper lamb meat Efeito da concentração de energia da dieta nos parâmetros sensoriais e químicos de carne de cordeiros Morada Nova, Santa Inês e Santa Inês x Dorper

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ana Sancha Malveira Batista

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of genotype and the energy concentration in the diet on the sensorial and chemical quality of lamb meat. It was evaluated samples from 18 Morada Nova animals, 18 Santa Inez animals, and 18 Santa Inez x Dorper crossbred animals, totalizing 54 animals. The animals were kept with two diets, with energy concentrations of 10.46 and 12.56 MJ ME/kg, respectively, and slaughtered at 30 kg average weight. It was determined contents of protein, moisture, fat and ash, as well as cooking loss, water-holding capacity, shear force, and sensorial attributes of flavour, firmness and juiciness of the meat. Genotype influenced the chemical composition of lamb meat because animals of Morada Nova breed presented the highest moisture content, and Santa Inez x Dorper crossbred showed the highest protein percentage; however, there was no variation in the sensorial attributes of lamb meat of these three genotypes. The diet with the highest energy concentration provides meat with higher juiciness.Objetivou-se investigar a influência do genótipo e da concentração energética da dieta na qualidade química e sensorial da carne ovina. Foram avaliadas amostras provenientes de 18 animais Morada Nova, 18 Santa Inês e 18 mestiços Santa Inês x Dorper, num total de 54 animais. Os animais foram mantidos com duas dietas com concentrações energéticas de 10.46 e 12.56 MJ ME/kg e abatidos ao atingirem o peso médio de 30 kg. Foram determinados os teores de proteína, umidade, gordura e cinzas, a perda de peso por cocção, a capacidade de retenção de água, a força de cisalhamento e os atributos sensoriais sabor, dureza e suculência dessas carnes. O genótipo influenciou a composição química da carne ovina, uma vez que os animais da raça Morada Nova apresentaram o maior teor de umidade e os mestiços, o maior percentual de proteína, entretanto não houve variação nos atributos sensoriais da carne ovina

  16. Lower doses venlafaxine-associated toxic hepatitis in a patient with chronic hepatitis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Sencan, I.; Sahin, I.; Ozcetin, A.

    2003-01-01

    Toxic hepatitis is observed with high doses of Venlafaxine. But toxic hepatitis has not been yet reported at lower doses of Venlafaxine such as 37.5 mg per day. In this case report, a case of Venlafaxine associated toxic hepatitis with lower doses in patient with history of chronic hepatitis is presented. We suggest that liver function should be regularly monitored in patients with history of chronic hepatitis receiving Venlafaxine even at lower doses and even when their liver enzymes are normal. (author)

  17. Water supply and demand management strategies in the Galapagos: A case study of Santa CRuz Island

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Reyes Perez, M.

    2017-01-01

    Water resources on many islands in the world have been severely strained by increases in visitors. Santa Cruz Island, a tourism hub in the Galapagos, is facing significant challenges of too many people and not enough available water. There are no permanent freshwater resources on Santa Cruz, and the

  18. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Donate Today Enroll in 123 What is Hepatic Encephalopathy? Hepatic Encephalopathy, sometimes referred to as portosystemic encephalopathy or PSE, is a condition that causes temporary ...

  19. A quantitative analysis of surgical capacity in Santa Cruz, Bolivia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Markin, Abraham; Barbero, Roxana; Leow, Jeffrey J; Groen, Reinou S; Skow, Evan J; Apelgren, Keith N; Kushner, Adam L; Nwomeh, Benedict C

    2013-11-01

    This investigation aimed to document surgical capacity at public medical centers in a middle-income Latin American country using the Surgeons OverSeas (SOS) Personnel, Infrastructure, Procedures, Equipment, and Supplies (PIPES) survey tool. We applied the PIPES tool at six urban and 25 rural facilities in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Outcome measures included the availability of items in five domains (Personnel, Infrastructure, Procedures, Equipment, and Supplies) and the PIPES index. PIPES indices were calculated by summing scores from each domain, dividing by the total number of survey items, and multiplying by 10. Thirty-one of the 32 public facilities that provide surgical care in Santa Cruz were assessed. Santa Cruz had at least 7.8 surgeons and 2.8 anesthesiologists per 100,000 population. However, these providers were unequally distributed, such that nine rural sites had no anesthesiologist. Few rural facilities had blood banking (4/25), anesthesia machines (11/25), postoperative care (11/25), or intensive care units (1/25). PIPES indices ranged from 5.7-13.2, and were significantly higher in urban (median 12.6) than rural (median 7.8) areas (P Bolivia's development status. Unfortunately, surgeons are limited in rural areas by deficits in anesthesia and perioperative services. These results are currently being used to target local quality improvement initiatives. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  20. Virtual Astronaut for Scientific Visualization—A Prototype for Santa Maria Crater on Mars

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edward A. Guinness

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available To support scientific visualization of multiple-mission data from Mars, the Virtual Astronaut (VA creates an interactive virtual 3D environment built on the Unity3D Game Engine. A prototype study was conducted based on orbital and Opportunity Rover data covering Santa Maria Crater in Meridiani Planum on Mars. The VA at Santa Maria provides dynamic visual representations of the imaging, compositional, and mineralogical information. The VA lets one navigate through the scene and provides geomorphic and geologic contexts for the rover operations. User interactions include in-situ observations visualization, feature measurement, and an animation control of rover drives. This paper covers our approach and implementation of the VA system. A brief summary of the prototype system functions and user feedback is also covered. Based on external review and comments by the science community, the prototype at Santa Maria has proven the VA to be an effective tool for virtual geovisual analysis.

  1. Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis E Virus: Emerging and Re-Emerging Enterically Transmitted Hepatitis Viruses.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lemon, Stanley M; Walker, Christopher M

    2018-05-07

    Over the past two decades, progress in understanding human infections with hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been eclipsed by the priority of combating persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. During that time, the global burden of liver disease caused by enteric hepatitis viruses has not abated. Because of vaccines, hepatitis A has become increasingly a disease of adults instead of early childhood in many regions of the world, resulting in an age-related shift toward more severe disease. HEV has remained endemic in many developing countries, and in well-developed, economically advanced countries it is now recognized as a cause of chronic, progressive liver disease in individuals with compromised immunity. The goal of this collection of articles is to review recent progress and to shine a bright light on gaps in our understanding of how these viruses replicate, cause disease, interact with the liver and host immune system, and are transmitted, along with prospects for improved control in human populations. Renewed efforts to study and compare HAV and HEV biology in humans and animal models have high potential to enhance our understanding of host-pathogen balance in the liver, and may contribute ultimately to the control of other infectious diseases of the liver. Copyright © 2018 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; all rights reserved.

  2. The hepatic bridge.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sugarbaker, Paul H

    2018-07-01

    The hepatic bridge forms a tunnel of liver parenchyma that may obscure peritoneal metastases associated with the round ligament. Visualization and then resection of nodules associated with this structure is necessary. The incidence of a hepatic bridge and the extent that it covered the round ligament was determined in consecutive patients. Extent of coverage of the round ligament by the hepatic bridge was determined: Class 1 indicates up to one-third of the round ligament obscured, Class 2 up to two-thirds and Class 3 more than two-thirds. In 102 patients in whom the round ligament of the liver could be completely visualized, 50 had a hepatic bridge. Class 1 was 22 (44%) of the bridges, Class 2 was 16 (32%) and Class 3 was 12 (24%). A hepatic bridge was more frequently present in 28 of 45 male patients (62%) vs. 22 of 57 female patients (38%). Approximately one-half of our patients having cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal metastases were observed to have a hepatic bridge. Up to 56% of these patients have Class 2 or 3 hepatic bridge and may require division of the hepatic bridge to completely visualize the contents of the tunnel created by this structure. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd, BASO ~ The Association for Cancer Surgery, and the European Society of Surgical Oncology. All rights reserved.

  3. Accessory hepatic vein: MR imaging

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, Chang Hee; Rho, Tack Soo; Cha, Sang Hoon; Park, Cheol Min; Cha, In Ho

    1995-01-01

    To evaluate the MR appearance of the accessory hepatic veins. The study included 87 consecutive patients for whom abdominal MR images were obtained. The subjects who had liver lesion or hepatic vascular abnormalities were excluded. Couinaud classified accessory hepatic veins into inferior and middle right hepatic veins. Our major interests were evaluation of the incidence, morphology, and location of the accessory hepatic vein. Inferior right hepatic vein was demonstrated in 43 out of 87 patients (49%). The morphology was linear in 35 patients (80.5%), and V-shaped in 8 patients (19.5%). In 40 patients (93%), the inferior right hepatic vein was located in the posteroinferior aspect of the right lobe. Middle right hepatic vein was demonstrated in 7 out of 87 patients (8%). All were single linear in morphology, combined with the inferior right hepatic vein, and located between the right hepatic vein and inferior right hepatic vein. The accessory hepatic vein was demonstrated in 49% among the Korean adult population, and was located in posteroinferior portion of the liver, in 93%

  4. Features of Hepatitis in Hepatitis-associated Aplastic Anemia: Clinical and Histopathologic Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patel, Kalyani R; Bertuch, Alison; Sasa, Ghadir S; Himes, Ryan W; Wu, Hao

    2017-01-01

    Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (HAA) is a rare variant of aplastic anemia in which patients present with severe pancytopenia after an episode of acute hepatitis. The marrow failure is often rapid, severe, and usually fatal if untreated. The preceding hepatitis is largely under-studied. Retrospective study of the clinical and histopathologic features of hepatitis in pediatric patients who subsequently developed aplastic anemia and comparison with consecutive cases of acute liver failure and random cases of autoimmune hepatitis during the same time frame. All 7 patients of HAA had significant elevations in aminotransferases and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia at initial presentation. Echoing liver function indices, cholestatic hepatitis with sinusoidal obstruction-type endothelial injury was seen histomorphologically. Autoimmune hepatitis serology such as anti-F-actin, anti-liver/kidney microsome, and hypergammaglobulinemia was negative in all patients. Five of 7 patients (71.4%) had, however, elevated antinuclear antibody, all with a speckled pattern. Hepatitis virus serology was negative in all patients. By immunohistochemical staining, the lobular CD8/CD4 lymphocyte ratio was markedly elevated in all of the initial samples with significant reduction in this ratio (P = 0.03) in 3 patients post treatment (ursodiol, antibiotics, and/or immunosuppressive therapy). Hepatitis preceding HAA is characterized by marked elevation of aminotransferases, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, elevated antinuclear antibody with a speckled pattern, cholestatic hepatitis with sinusoidal obstruction morphology, and CD8 dominant lobular infiltrates. The present study suggests HAA may result from cytotoxic T-cell-mediated sinusoidal endothelial and hepatocytic injury.

  5. Herpetofauna, Santa Edwiges I and II hydroelectric power plants, state of Goiás, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cintra, C. E. D.

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper presents a check list of amphibians and reptiles of the area under the influence of Santa Edwiges I and IIsmall hydroelectric power plants on Rio Buritis, state of Goiás, Brazil. The list was the result of faunal rescueoperations carried out between 31 August and 29 September 2005 (Santa Edwiges II and between 30 July and 12September 2006 (Santa Edwiges I. The list comprises 30 species of amphibians belonging to 16 genera and 8 families(Caeciliidae, Bufonidae, Cycloramphidae, Hylidae, Brachycephalidae, Leiuperidae, Leptodactylidae, andMicrohylidae, and 45 species of reptiles belonging to 38 genera and 16 families (Amphisbaenidae, Anguidae,Gekkonidae, Gymnophtalmidae, Polychrotidae, Scincidae, Teiidae, Tropiduridae, Anomalepididae, Leptotyphlopidae,Typhlopidae, Boidae, Colubridae, Dipsadidae, Elapidae, and Viperidae.

  6. Identification of acute self-limited hepatitis B among patients presenting with hepatitis B virus-related acute hepatitis: a hospital-based epidemiological and clinical study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Han, Y-N

    2009-01-01

    This study aimed to identify acute self-limited hepatitis B (ASL-HB) among patients presenting with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute hepatitis. Data were available for 220 patients diagnosed with HBV-related acute hepatitis, of whom 164 had acute hepatitis B (AHB). Of these, 160 were confirmed as ASL-HB: three (1.9%) evolved to chronic hepatitis B and one (0.6%) developed fulminant hepatitis and died. Comparisons were also made between AHB and acute infections with hepatitis A (HA) and hepatitis E (HE) viruses. During the study period, the number of patients with AHB exceeded the sum of those with acute HA and acute HE infections. There was no distinct seasonal peak for AHB infection, whereas both acute HA and acute HE infections occurred more frequently in the spring. Clinical symptoms and physical signs were similar for all three types of hepatitis, but significant differences were seen in some biochemical parameters. In conclusion, this study suggests that symptomatic AHB is not rare in China but it seldom evolves to chronic hepatitis B.

  7. Três biografias quinhentistas da Rainha Santa Isabel

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Helena Costa Toipa

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Dando continuidade aos esforços de canonização de D. Isabel de Aragão, D. João III obteve do Papa, em 1556, a autorização para alargar o culto da já beata D. Isabel a todo o reino. Solicitou, então, aos responsáveis dos mosteiros portugueses, nomeadamente à abadessa do mosteiro de Santa Clara, a composição de uma biografia da rainha, a partir de documentos existentes nesse mosteiro. Surgiram, então, três biografias, todas inspiradas nos referidos documentos: De Vita et Moribus Beatae Elisabethae Lusitaniae Reginae do padre jesuíta Pedro João Perpinhão; Vida e milagres da gloriosa Raynha sancta Ysabel, molher do catholico Rey dom Dinis sexto de Portugal, editada pelos mordomos da Confraria da Rainha Santa Isabel, e “ Vida da Bemaventurada sancta Isabel Raynha de Portugal”, de Frei Marcos de Lisboa, inclusa na Segunda Parte das suas Chronicas da Ordemdos Frades Menores.

  8. Precios y crisis en una economía rioplatense. Santa Fe (1790-1850

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carina Frid

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available This study examines price evolution in Santa Fe district (Rio de la Plata since the late years of colonial domination (when Santa Fe’s prices converged with regional prices to mid-nineteenth century. Monastic sources provided information of prices of commodities (cattle, hides, wheat as well as prices of consumption goods (sugar, tobacco, yerba mate, wine, aguardiente, salt, grease, tallow, canvas. Long-term prices and price indexes offer new evidence both of inflationary cycles as well as economic breakdown from 1815 to 1850.

  9. Colesterolemia, trigliceridemia e excesso de peso em escolares de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil Blood lipids abnormalities and overweight prevalence in students of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cláudia Cruz Lunardi

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: O nível de colesterol na infância é um preditor do nível de colesterol na vida adulta. As consequências do colesterol elevado, somadas a outros fatores de risco constituem problema mundial de saúde pública. OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia e excesso de peso em estudantes do município de Santa Maria-RS. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 374 crianças de 10 a 12 anos de idade, de escolas das redes pública e privada, realizado no segundo semestre de 2005 na cidade de Santa Maria-RS. Foram determinados os níveis de colesterol total, triglicerídeos e estado nutricional. RESULTADOS: As prevalências de hipercolesterolemia, hipertrigliceridemia e excesso de peso encontradas foram de 4,7%, 8,9% e 20,7%, respectivamente. Não houve diferença significante entre sexo e rede pública e privada. As crianças com excesso de peso apresentaram maior prevalência de alterações lipídicas. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de alterações lipídicas pode ser considerada baixa, mas a prevalência de excesso de peso dos estudantes de Santa Maria mostrou-se relativamente alta, alertando à importância de políticas públicas e à necessidade de assistência pediátrica nessa faixa etária, visando o seu diagnóstico precoce e, principalmente, o aconselhamento nutricional e incentivo à prática esportiva, uma vez que as dislipidemias e o excesso de peso têm sido apontados como fatores de risco para as doenças cardiovasculares.INTRODUCTION: Cholesterol level in childhood is a predictor of cholesterol level in adult life. The consequences of high cholesterol levels summed to other risk factors constitute a worldwide public health problem. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of blood lipid abnormalities and overweight among school students of the city of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 374 children, aged between 10 and 12 years, from public and private schools of the

  10. FAS and FASL Gene Polymorphisms Are Not Associated with Hepatitis B Virus Infection Based on a Case-Control Study in a Brazilian Population

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bárbara B. Santana

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Objective. This study investigated the association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs in the FAS and FASL genes with the outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV infection. Methods. Blood samples were collected from 116 HBV-infected patients at the Hospital of the Santa Casa de Misericordia Foundation (Belém, PA, Brazil. Seronegative individuals were used as controls. DNA samples were extracted from the leukocytes and assayed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR followed by RFLP analysis with restriction endonucleases. Results. The frequencies of the mutant genotypes for -670FAS (GG, Ivs2nt-124FASL (GG, Ivs3nt-169FASL (ΔT/ΔT, and -844FASL (TT were higher in the HBV patients, and the FAS-1377AA genotype was more frequent in the control group; however, the differences between the allele and genotype frequencies were not statistically significant. When the HBV patient population was divided into two groups (inactive carriers and active chronic hepatitis patients, the mutant genotypes were found to be more prevalent in the active chronic hepatitis group with respect to the FAS gene polymorphisms; however, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions. The results suggest that the polymorphisms in FAS and FASL genes are not associated with HBV infection or even with the natural history of the infection in the Brazilian Amazon region.

  11. HIV and Viral Hepatitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... common causes of viral hepatitis are hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV). HBV and HCV are common ... gov/ mmwr/ preview/ mmwrhtml/ rr5516a1. htm? s_ cid= rr5516a1_ e. The Numbers • • Of people with HIV in the ...

  12. Recurrent paratyphoid fever A co-infected with hepatitis A reactivated chronic hepatitis B.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Yanling; Xiong, Yujiao; Huang, Wenxiang; Jia, Bei

    2014-05-12

    We report here a case of recurrent paratyphoid fever A with hepatitis A co-infection in a patient with chronic hepatitis B. A 26-year-old male patient, who was a hepatitis B virus carrier, was co-infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A and hepatitis A virus. The recurrence of the paratyphoid fever may be ascribed to the coexistence of hepatitis B, a course of ceftriaxone plus levofloxacin that was too short and the insensitivity of paratyphoid fever A to levofloxacin. We find that an adequate course and dose of ceftriaxone is a better strategy for treating paratyphoid fever. Furthermore, the co-infection of paratyphoid fever with hepatitis A may stimulate cellular immunity and break immunotolerance. Thus, the administration of the anti-viral agent entecavir may greatly improve the prognosis of this patient with chronic hepatitis B, and the episodes of paratyphoid fever and hepatitis A infection prompt the use of timely antiviral therapy.

  13. Santa Rita Experimental Range digital database: user's guide

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mitchel P. McClaran; Deborah L. Angell; Craig Wissler

    2002-01-01

    Long-term measurements and repeat photograph collections have been collected in a systematic manner on the approximately 21,000 ha Santa Rita Experimental Range (SRER) since its establishment in 1903. This research facility, located in the Desert Grassland vegetation of southern Arizona, was administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture until 1988, when it was...

  14. Book review. Procedure cliniche e terapeutiche negli animali esotici. Marta Avanzi

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Manuel Graziani

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Negli ultimi anni è in costante aumento il numero degli animali da compagnia, con la diretta conseguenza che negli ambulatori veterinari arrivano sempre più pet diversi dal cane e dal gatto. Per dare loro cure di qualità non è sufficiente conoscere soltanto la fisiologia e la patologia ma c'è bisogno di saper maneggiare correttamente questi animali non convenzionali, oltre che conoscere le procedure per arrivare a una diagnosi e quindi ad una terapia appropriata. Procedure cliniche e terapeutiche negli animali esotici di Marta Avanzi risponde al bisogno di conoscenza in un settore in cui la formazione accademica è ancora scarsa, a fronte di un aumento della richiesta di cure da parte dei proprietari. Come scrive l'autrice nella prefazione: "Non sempre il professionista ha la possibilità di seguire un periodo di tirocinio pratico presso colleghi più esperti e spesso è la mancanza di esperienza che scoraggia il neofita ad ampliare il range di specie a cui dedicarsi. Il libro nasce proprio dall'esigenza di colmare questa lacuna, rispondendo al bisogno crescente di formazione nel campo della cura e del trattamento degli animali esotici da compagnia". Il manuale della dott.ssa Avanzi illustra con chiarezza le procedure diagnostiche, anestesiologiche, terapeutiche indispensabili per la pratica clinica. Per questo è rivolto principalmente ai medici veterinari che si occupano degli animali esotici da compagnia quali furetti, conigli, roditori, uccelli e rettili, di cui vengono illustrate le tecniche fondamentali per maneggiarli e contenerli con competenza e sicurezza. Il volume, pubblicato nel grande formato 19,5x26,5 cm, contiene più di mille fotografie a colori, comprese quelle delle attrezzature specifiche per i vari casi. Un'iconografia ricchissima che ha la funzione di descrivere passo dopo passo le manovre e le procedure per trattare questi particolari pazienti. I capitoli sono 14 e descrivono circa 150 procedure, dalla dermatologia all

  15. Detection of occult hepatitis B virus among chronic hepatitis C patients

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background: Concurrent infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are increasingly recognized in patients with chronic hepatitis. In Egypt, the last decade showed a remarkable decline in HBV infection associated with remarkable rise in HCV infection. The probable impact of occult HBV in patients ...

  16. Integral study of the quantity and quality of the underground water in the Santa Lucia basin in Uruguay

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1990-01-01

    This work study different aspects about the underground water in the Santa Lucia sedimentary basin in Uruguay. It is situated between the San Jose and Santa Lucia river as well as the adyacent Rio de La Plata coast.

  17. Hepatitis viruses overview

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Hepatitis is major cause of morbidity or mortality worldwide, particularly in the developing world. The major causes of infective hepatitis are hepatitis viruses. A, B, C, D or E. In the acute phase, there are no clinical features that can reliably differentiate between these viruses. Infection may be asymptomatic or can present as.

  18. Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Aset TIK Studi Kasus: Asmi Santa Maria YOGYAKARTA

    OpenAIRE

    Maryono, Y; Suyoto, Suyoto; Mudjihartono, Paulus

    2010-01-01

    . Analysis and Design of Communication and Information Technology Management Information System Case Study: Asmi Santa Maria Yogyakarta. The management of asset in ASMI Santa Maria has been done by MS Excel application. This application has limitations such as lack of detailed records of assets, difficulty doing complex calculations such as valuation of assets, limited access to others in need, and less able to handle the administration of information assets of items that can provide real-tim...

  19. DETERMINAÇÃO DAS VARIANTES DE HEMOGLOBINA EM OVINOS MESTIÇOS SANTA INÊS

    OpenAIRE

    Rômulo Morais de Lacerda; Benito Soto-Blanco

    2006-01-01

    The knowledge of hemoglobin types may help in near future the selection of animals, serving as a genetic marker. The present work aimed to determine the types of hemoglobin in Santa Ines crossbreed sheep, and verify whether it has correlation with the erythron. It were collected 49 blood samples from different healthy Santa Ines crossbreed sheep, from Mossoró city, RN, Brazil. These samples were used for determination of packed cell volume, red blood cells counts, hemoglobin concentration, he...

  20. Hepatitis B Foundation Newsletter: B Informed

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Clinical Trials Physician Directory HBV Meeting What Is Hepatitis B? What Is Hepatitis B? The ABCs of Viral Hepatitis Liver Cancer and Hepatitis B Hepatitis Delta Coinfection Hepatitis C Coinfection HIV/AIDS ...

  1. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Your Story Spread the Word Give While You Shop Contact Us Donate Now Hepatic Encephalopathy Back Hepatic ... Your Story Spread the Word Give While You Shop Contact Us Donate Now Help ALF Improve This ...

  2. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... Now Hepatic Encephalopathy Back Hepatic Encephalopathy is a brain disorder that develops in some individuals with liver ... is a condition that causes temporary worsening of brain function in people with advanced liver disease. When ...

  3. Primary hepatic lymphoma presenting as fulminant hepatic failure with hyperferritinemia: A case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Haider Fyeza S

    2008-08-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Primary hepatic lymphoma is an unusual form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that usually presents with constitutional symptoms, hepatomegaly and signs of cholestatic jaundice. Diffuse hepatic infiltration is uncommon and presentation with acute hepatic failure even more rare. The presence of markedly elevated ferritin levels can complicate the evaluation process and suggest alternative diagnoses. We present the case of a middle-aged woman exhibiting pancytopenia, hyperferritinemia and rapidly deteriorating to develop acute hepatic failure. Her initial clinical picture led to a working diagnosis of adult onset Still's disease with probable hemophagocytic syndrome before her worsening liver function necessitated a percutaneous liver biopsy and establishment of the final diagnosis of primary hepatic lymphoma. Conclusion Primary hepatic lymphoma is an uncommon malignancy and its manifestation as progressive hepatitis or acute fulminant hepatic failure can be difficult to diagnose. The presence of constitutional symptoms, pancytopenia and high ferritin levels can complicate the evaluation process. A liver biopsy early in the course of liver dysfunction may establish the diagnosis without a higher risk of bleeding complications seen once liver failure sets in.

  4. Chemical, mineralogical and ceramic properties of clays from Northern Santa Catarina, Brazil; Caracterizaco fisico-quimica de argilas da regiao norte de Santa Catarina

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Correia, S L; Bloot, E L; Folgueras, M.V., E-mail: sivaldo@joinville.udesc.b [Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC/CCT), Joinville, SC (Brazil). Centro de Ciencias Tecnologicas; Hotza, D [Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC/EQA), Florianopolis, SC (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Quimica

    2009-07-01

    Clay materials crop out in the northern Santa Catarina mining district were investigated in order to assess their potential in the ceramic industry. Four different clays (A, B, C and D) were selected. Their chemical composition was obtained by Xray fluorescence and their mineralogy by X-ray diffraction, coupled with numerical rational analysis. Their thermal behaviour was studied by differential thermal analysis. Technological testing consisted in a simulation of the industrial processing performed at a laboratory scale. The test pieces were obtained by pressing and fired in the range of 850-1200 deg C. In each case their technological properties were studied. The main mineralogical phases detected were kaolinite, quartz and mica. Hematite and feldspars may be present in the clays. The clays show two groups of particle sizes almost equally frequent in the range of 1 to 60 {mu}m. The northern Santa Catarina clays are suitable for the production of bricks and earthenware in the 900- 1100 deg C range. (author)

  5. Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Medline Plus

    Full Text Available ... friend, spouse, life partner, parent, sibling or other family member. What is HE? Hepatic Encephalopathy, sometimes referred ... disease is. It’s important for you and your family to become familiar with the signs of Hepatic ...

  6. Enraizamento de miniestacas de espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek em diferentes substratos Rooting of espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek minicuttings on different substrates

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniela Macedo de Lima

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Pertencente à família Celastraceae, a espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek é uma espécie medicinal nativa da região sul do Brasil, utilizadas no tratamento de gastrite e úlceras gástricas. Estudos sobre a produção de mudas por meio de estaquia demonstraram que esta espécie é considerada de difícil enraizamento. Objetivou-se, no presente trabalho, avaliar os efeitos de diferentes substratos no enraizamento de miniestacas de espinheira-santa. Miniestacas apicais foram coletadas a partir das brotações das minicepas de 10 meses de idade, mantidas em casa-de-vegetação e confeccionadas com 3 a 4cm de comprimento, mantendo-se duas folhas com a superfície reduzida à metade. O plantio foi realizado em caixas contendo areia e tubetes contendo casca de arroz carbonizada, Plantmax HT® ou vermiculita de granulometria fina como substrato. As miniestacas foram mantidas em casa-de-vegetação com nebulização intermitente e 90 dias após o plantio, foram avaliadas as características: porcentagem de estacas enraizadas, número e comprimento médio de raízes, porcentagem de estacas com calos, sobrevivência e mortalidade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com 4 tratamentos e 4 repetições de 22 estacas por parcela. A análise estatística revelou que os substratos areia (92,04%, casca de arroz carbonizada (88,66% e Plantmax HT® (94,31% apresentaram índices de enraizamento significativamente superiores à vermiculita (78,41%, além de menores taxas de mortalidade, sendo que a propagação vegetativa de espinheira-santa por meio de miniestaquia é viável.Espinheira-santa (Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reissek, which belongs to the Celastraceae family, is a medicinal species native to the south region of Brazil, used in gastritis and gastric ulcer treatment. Studies about plant production by cutting have shown that this species is considered difficult to root. The purpose of this work was to evaluate

  7. Ottillie Hammes: pioneira da enfermagem catarinense Ottillie Hammes: pionera de la enfermería de Santa Catarina, Brasil Ottillie Hammes: a nursing pioneer in Santa Catarina, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miriam Süsskind Borenstein

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Trata-se de um estudo sócio-histórico cujo objetivo foi revelar a trajetória profissional de Ottillie Hammes, apresentar alguns traços de sua biografia e analisar sua contribuição para a profissão da enfermagem em Santa Catarina. Na coleta de dados foram realizadas entrevistas e utilizadas outras fontes documentais. Os dados foram categorizados utilizando-se análise de conteúdo e com base no referencial foucaultiano. Os resultados evidenciaram que Ottillie Hammes provocou mudanças expressivas na enfermagem catarinense, em conseqüência da criação da Escola de Auxiliares de Enfermagem; da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem - SC e do estímulo a promulgação da Lei que possibilitou o enquadramento do enfermeiro na categoria técnica e científica, com conseqüente desenvolvimento da profissão e melhoria da assistência prestada à população.Tratase de un estudio socio-histórico, cuyo objetivo fue revelar la trayectoria profesional de Ottillie Hammes, presentar algunos aspectos de su biografía y analizar su contribución para la profesión de enfermería en el Estado de Santa Catarina - Brasil. Para la recolección de los datos fueron realizadas entrevistas con Ottillie Hammes y utilizadas fuentes documentales. Los datos fueron categorizados de acuerdo con analise del contenido e analizados con base en referencial Foucaultiano. Los resultados evidenciaron que la Ottillie Hammes provocó mudanzas expresivas en la enfermería catarinense, en consecuencia de la creación de escuela de auxiliares de enfermería en Florianópolis; de la Asociación Brasilera de Enfermería - Sección Santa Catarina y del estimulo a la promulgación de la ley No. 3175/63, la cual posibilitó la inclusión del enfermero en la categoría Técnico - Científica, propiciando así el desarrollo de esa profesión y el mejoramiento de la asistencia prestada a la población.This is a socio-historic study that aimed at revealing Ottillie Hammes' professional

  8. Fiestas en honor a la Santa Muerte en el Caribe mexicano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Higuera Bonfil

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Se abordan tres fiestas en honor a la Santa Muerte en Chetumal. Se muestran los rasgos generales de las celebraciones organizadas anualmente por la parroquia del Señor de la Misericordia y la Santa Muerte, adscrita a la Iglesia Católica Tradicional México-Estados Unidos, así como por dos altares domésticos que operan como centros esotéricos. Caracterizar estas ocasiones permite entender la forma en que se ha desarrollado una práctica religiosa local, que lejos de tener una tradición única, alimenta rituales propios. Las diferentes estructuras locales permiten que los creyentes expresen su creencia mediante la inserción en la organización de estas fiestas.

  9. Phlebotominae: Vectores de Leishmaniasis en las provincias de Santa Fe y Entre Ríos, Argentina Phlebotominae: vectors of leishmaniasis in the provinces of Santa Fe and Entre Ríos, Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Oscar D. Salomón

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available La transmisión de leishmaniasis tegumentaria (LT se incrementó desde 1985 en 9 provincias argentinas. Santa Fe y Entre Ríos en dicho período no notificaron casos de transmisión autóctona comprobada, sin embargo en el año 2003 ocurrió un brote epidémico en Bella Vista, Corrientes, localidad que se encuentra en un área con continuidad ecológica y contigüidad geográfica con ambas provincias. Por ello, para determinar el riesgo potencial de transmisión de LT en las áreas próximas y al sur de Bella Vista se realizaron capturas de Phlebotominae en febrero del 2004, colectándose sobre las márgenes del río Paraná en Santa Fe (El Rabón, Villa Ocampo, Cayastá y en Entre Ríos (La Paz, La Celina-Villa Urquiza 860 ejemplares de Lutzomyia neivai (99.5% y Lu. migonei (0.5 %, ambas especies con capacidad vectorial para Leishmania (V. braziliensis. En Tartagal, Santa Fe, las capturas fueron consistentes con el paisaje de «chaco» residual: 7 ejemplares de Lu. nerivai, Lu. migonei y Lu. cortelezzii. Se destaca el riesgo potencial de transmisión epidémica de LT en estas provincias, especialmente por la tropicalización progresiva hacia el sur de la selva en galeria paranaense. Se recomiendan actividades de vigilancia clínica y vectorial.The transmission of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL has increased in 9 provinces of Argentina since 1985. Santa Fe and Entre Ríos did not record in this period autochtonous probed cases: however, an epidemic outbreak took place in 2003 in Bella Vista, Corrientes, located in an area with ecological continuity and contiguous to both provinces. In order to evaluate the potential risk of transmission of LT, Phlebotominae were captured at locations close to and southern from Bella Vista during February 2004. The traps located on the shores of Parana river in Santa Fe (El Rabón, Villa Ocampo, Cayastá, and Entre Ríos (La Paz. La Celina-Villa Urquiza captured 860 individuals of Lutzomyia neivai (99.5% and Lu

  10. EDUCAÇÃO E ETNICIDADE NA REGIÃO DE SANTA CRUZ DO SUL- RS. EDUCATION AND ETHNICITY IN THE REGION OF SANTA CRUZ DO SUL - RS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mozart Linhares da Silva

    2012-11-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as relações entre educação, etnicidade e mobilidade social em região de colonização alemã no Rio Grande do Sul, sobretudo em Santa Cruz do Sul, Brasil, cidade com forte discurso identitário germânico. Em que pese ser uma cidade caracterizada pelo germanismo, o que se constatou nas pesquisas até aqui realizadas, abrangendo os últimos seis anos, é que a região em questão possui significativa população de não-brancos, embora invisibilizada socialmente e excluída do processo de pertencimento identitário da comunidade regional. As pesquisas realizadas nas escolas municipais, estaduais e privadas na região de Santa Cruz do Sul permitem uma análise pontual das relações entre a educação e a imobilidade social, cujo resultado pode ser avaliado na dinâmica da visibilidade/invisibilidade identitária e processos de exclusão comunitário destes grupos, nomeadamente dos afrodescendentes.The objective of this article is to analyze the relations among education, ethnicity and social mobility in the region of German colonization in Rio Grande do Sul, and mainly in Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil, a city with strong German identity speech. Taking into consideration that it is a city characterized by Germanism, what was observed in the researches accomplished until now, including the last six years, is that the region in question has a significant population of non-white people, though socially invisible and excluded from the identitary inclusion process of the region community. The researches that were carried out in the private and public – municipal and state – schools in the region of Santa Cruz do Sul permit sharp analysis of the relations between education and social immobility, which result can be evaluated in the identitary visibility/invisibility dynamic and processes of community exclusion of those groups, nominally of Afro-descendants.

  11. 77 FR 37318 - Eighth Coast Guard District Annual Safety Zones; Sound of Independence; Santa Rosa Sound; Fort...

    Science.gov (United States)

    2012-06-21

    ...-AA00 Eighth Coast Guard District Annual Safety Zones; Sound of Independence; Santa Rosa Sound; Fort... Coast Guard will enforce a Safety Zone for the Sound of Independence event in the Santa Rosa Sound, Fort... during the Sound of Independence. During the enforcement period, entry into, transiting or anchoring in...

  12. Results of steroid-based therapy for the hepatitis C-autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schiano, T D; Te, H S; Thomas, R M; Hussain, H; Bond, K; Black, M

    2001-10-01

    Overlap syndromes in which persons manifest clinical, histological, or immunological features of both hepatitis C infection and autoimmune hepatitis are well described. The discordant forms of treatment for hepatitis C and autoimmune hepatitis have made medical management of these patients difficult. We report our experience in using corticosteroids as first line therapy for the hepatitis C-autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome. Seven patients with this overlap syndrome (diagnosis based on the presence of serum hepatitis C antibody by RIBA and serum hepatitis C RNA by polymerase chain reaction, and serum hypergammaglobulinemia, elevated ANA or ASMA titers, or histological findings consistent with autoimmune hepatitis) were treated with prednisone with or without azathioprine or cyclosporine, and followed for a median duration of 44.5 months. Five patients (71%) showed improvement of median serum ALT level from 162 U/L to 38 U/L (p = 0.04) and median serum gamma-globulin from 2.1 g/dl to 1.4 g/dl (p = 0.04) by 6 months of therapy. The mean modified histological activity index score also decreased from 11.4 +/- 2.5 to 6.6 +/- 2.6 (p = 0.04) by at least 1 yr of therapy. One patient discontinued prednisone while taking azathioprine and experienced a rebound elevation of serum ALT that did not respond to retreatment with prednisone. Antiviral therapy was subsequently administered and resulted in biochemical and virologic response. Hepatitis C virus RNA remained detectable in all other patients. Corticosteroids are beneficial as a first line therapy for some patients with the hepatitis C-autoimmune overlap syndrome, resulting in appreciable biochemical and histological response but without viral eradication.

  13. California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Santa Cruz, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cochrane, Guy R.; Dartnell, Peter; Johnson, Samuel Y.; Erdey, Mercedes D.; Golden, Nadine E.; Greene, H. Gary; Dieter, Bryan E.; Hartwell, Stephen R.; Ritchie, Andrew C.; Finlayson, David P.; Endris, Charles A.; Watt, Janet T.; Davenport, Clifton W.; Sliter, Ray W.; Maier, Katherine L.; Krigsman, Lisa M.; Cochrane, Guy R.; Cochran, Susan A.

    2016-03-24

    IntroductionIn 2007, the California Ocean Protection Council initiated the California Seafloor Mapping Program (CSMP), designed to create a comprehensive seafloor map of high-resolution bathymetry, marine benthic habitats, and geology within the limit of California’s State Waters. The CSMP approach is to create highly detailed seafloor maps through collection, integration, interpretation, and visualization of swath sonar data, acoustic backscatter, seafloor video, seafloor photography, high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles, and bottom-sediment sampling data. The map products display seafloor morphology and character, identify potential marine benthic habitats, and illustrate both the surficial seafloor geology and shallow subsurface geology.The Offshore of Santa Cruz map area is located in central California, on the Pacific Coast about 98 km south of San Francisco. The city of Santa Cruz (population, about 63,000), the largest incorporated city in the map area and the county seat of Santa Cruz County, lies on uplifted marine terraces between the shoreline and the northwest-trending Santa Cruz Mountains, part of California’s Coast Ranges. All of California’s State Waters in the map area is part of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary.The map area is cut by an offshore section of the San Gregorio Fault Zone, and it lies about 20 kilometers southwest of the San Andreas Fault Zone. Regional folding and uplift along the coast has been attributed to a westward bend in the San Andreas Fault Zone and to right-lateral movement along the San Gregorio Fault Zone. Most of the coastal zone is characterized by low, rocky cliffs and sparse, small pocket beaches backed by low, terraced hills. Point Santa Cruz, which forms the north edge of Monterey Bay, provides protection for the beaches in the easternmost part of the map area by sheltering them from the predominantly northwesterly waves.The shelf in the map area is underlain by variable amounts (0 to 25 m) of

  14. MICRONUTRIENTES NOS SOLOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SANTA CRUZ DO SUL, RS, BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alcido Kirst

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal avaliar a fertilidade dos solos do município de Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brasil, em relação aos micronutrientes zinco, ferro, manganês, cobre e boro, baseado nos laudos técnicos de análise de solo realizados pelo Laboratório de Solos da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, no período de 2001 a 2005. Ao todo, 3548 laudos de solo foram interpretados. As técnicas analíticas para a determinação destas variáveis seguiram a metodologia utilizada pela Rede Oficial de Laboratórios de Análises de Solos e Tecido Vegetal do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina (ROLAS. Os resultados indicaram que a avaliação da fertilidade dos solos do município apresentou altas concentrações  dos micronutrientes zinco, cobre, manganês e ferro e concentrações médias de boro, indicando adequadas condições de fertilidade para as culturas predominantes na região.

  15. Hepatitis A virus antibody

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Novak, J.; Kselikova, M.; Urbankova, J.

    1980-01-01

    A description is presented of a radioimmunoassay designed to prove the presence of the antibody against the hepatitis A virus (HA Ab, anti-Ha) using an Abbott HAVAB set. This proof as well as the proof of the antibody against the nucleus of the hepatitis B virus is based on competition between a normal antibody against hepatitis A virus and a 125 I-labelled antibody for the binding sites of a specific antigen spread all over the surface of a tiny ball; this is then indirect proof of the antibody under investigation. The method is described of reading the results from the number of impulses per 60 seconds: the higher the titre of the antibody against the hepatitis A virus in the serum examined, the lower the activity of the specimen concerned. The rate is reported of incidence of the antibody against the hepatitis A virus in a total of 68 convalescents after hepatitis A; the antibody was found in 94.1%. The immunoglobulin made from the convalescents' plasma showed the presence of antibodies in dilutions as high as 1:250 000 while the comparable ratio for normal immunoglobulin Norga was only 1:2500. Differences are discussed in the time incidence of the antibodies against the hepatitis A virus, the antibodies against the surface antigen of hepatitis B, and the antibody against the nucleus of the hepatitis V virus. (author)

  16. Immunoglobulins for preventing hepatitis A

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Liu, Jian Ping; Nikolova, Dimitrinka; Fei, Yutong

    2009-01-01

    Hepatitis A (infectious hepatitis) is a common epidemic disease. Immunoglobulins for passive immunisation are used as prevention.......Hepatitis A (infectious hepatitis) is a common epidemic disease. Immunoglobulins for passive immunisation are used as prevention....

  17. Coinfection of hepatitis E virus and other hepatitis virus in Colombia and its genotypic characterization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peláez, Dioselina; Martínez-Vargas, Daniel; Escalante-Mora, Martha; Palacios-Vivero, Mariel; Contreras-Gómez, Lady

    2015-12-04

    Hepatitis E virus has emerged as a public health problem, particularly in developing countries. The four genotypes identified in mammals include the G3 found in indigenous hepatitis in countries and regions with high porcine population, and the G1, associated with maternal deaths.  To determine coinfection by hepatitis E virus and the circulating genotypes in Colombia in 1,097 samples using serological markers for hepatitis A, B and C.  Serum samples of 1,097 patients from different regions of Colombia stored at the Laboratorio de Virología of the Instituto Nacional de Salud were selected to detect IgG and IgM anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies. The viral genomes of positive samples were amplified by RT-PCR, and the products were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed by comparing ORF2 sequences deposited in the GenBank.  IgG anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies were found in 278 samples, IgM in 62, and both markers in 64. Hepatitis E virus and hepatitis A virus coinfection determined by IgG anti-hepatitis E virus was 33.6% and 16.1% by IgM; hepatitis E virus and hepatitis B virus coinfection was 23.4% and 8.1%, and hepatitis E virus and hepatitis C virus coinfection was 35.4% and 5.83%, respectively. Among the 52 positive samples by PCR nine were sequenced and grouped within genotype 3A of the American porcine strain.  The highest seropositivity was observed for hepatitis A and E. The incidence of hepatitis E virus coinfection with other hepatotropic viruses indicated that this pathogen is more frequent than expected. The circulation of genotype 3A implies that this disease may occur in outbreaks and as zoonosis in Colombia.

  18. Hepatitis Information for the Public

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Hepatitis Contact Us Anonymous Feedback Quick Links to Hepatitis … A | B | C | D | E Viral Hepatitis Home ... Local Partners & Grantees Policy and Programs Resource Center Hepatitis Information for the Public Recommend on Facebook Tweet ...

  19. Characterization of Santa Catarina (Brazil) coal with respect to human health and environmental concerns

    Science.gov (United States)

    Silva, L.F.O.; Oliveira, M.L.S.; Boit, K.M.; Finkelman, R.B.

    2009-01-01

    The current paper presents the concentration, distribution, and modes of occurrence of trace elements of 13 coals from south Brazil. The samples were collected in the state of Santa Catarina. Chemical analyses and the high ash yields indicate that all studied coals are rich in mineral matter, with SiO2 and Al2O3 dominating as determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Quartz is the main mineral species and is associated with minor levels of feldspars, kaolinite, hematite, and iron-rich carbonates. The contents of trace elements, including As, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Mn, Be, V, U, Zn, Li, Cu, Tl, and Ni, in coals were determined. A comparison of ranges and means of elemental concentrations in Santa Catarina, Brazil, and world coals shows that the ranges of most elements in Santa Catarina coal are very close to the usual worldwide concentration ranges in coal. ?? Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008.

  20. New occurrences and noteworthy records on distribution of birds in Santa Catarina, southern Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Barcellos

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available Most ornithological fieldworks in the state of Santa Catarina concentrate on the eastern half of state, while the middle-west lacks information. Between March 2000 and May 2002 a bird inventory was made in the influence areas of the hydroelectric power plants of Machadinho and Barra Grande, along the right banks of the Uruguai and Pelotas rivers, on Santa Catarina State territory. We carried out ad libitum surveys, point count sampling, and capture with mist nets. We present seventy-two noteworthy records for Santa Catarina, including three new occurrences for the state (Cypseloides senex, Polioptila dumicola e Procacicus solitarius, three species whose available information was only in general bibliography (Amazona pretrei, Ramphastos toco e Capsiempis flaveola, four whose records are the first in the last 40 years (Megascops sanctaecatarinae, Macropsalis forcipata Phyllomyias virescens e Corytops delalandi, and 63 species first cited for the eastern section of the Uruguai river valley.

  1. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus Antibodies among the Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B in Turkey.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tulek, Necla; Ozsoy, Metin; Moroglu, Cigdem; Cagla Sonmezer, Meliha; Temocin, Fatih; Tuncer Ertem, Gunay; Sebnem Erdinc, Fatma

    2015-01-01

    Hepatitis A virus (HAV) can cause significant pathology in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), however, HAV can be prevented by vaccination. The aim of this study was to determine the implication of vaccination against HAV vaccine in patients with chronic hepatitis B. The seroprevalence of anti-HAV IgG antibodies was investigated in the patients with chronic hepatitis B. Anti-HAV IgG antibodies were detected by commercially available ELISA kit. A total of 673 patients (354 males, 319 females with age range of 17-78 years) with chronic hepatitis B were included the study. Hepatitis A virus seropositivity rate was 34% in the patients younger than 20 years, 79% in the age group of 20 to 29 years, and 100% after 35 years of age. Hepatitis A virus vaccination may be recommended for young adult patients with chronic hepatitis B in Turkey. Tulek N, Ozsoy M, Moroglu C, Sonmezer MC, Temocin F, Ertem GT, Erdinc FS. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus Antibodies among the Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B in Turkey. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2015;5(2):95-97.

  2. Diabetes and Hepatitis B Vaccination

    Science.gov (United States)

    Diabetes and Hepatitis B Vaccination Information for Diabetes Educators What is hepatitis B? Hepatitis B is a contagious liver disease that results from infection with the hepatitis B virus. When first infected, a person can develop ...

  3. Alcoholic Hepatitis

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... yellow color. Confusion, drowsiness and slurred speech (hepatic encephalopathy). A damaged liver has trouble removing toxins from your body. The ... of toxins can damage your brain. Severe hepatic encephalopathy can result in ... of the liver frequently leads to liver failure. Kidney failure. A ...

  4. Effects of climate change and population growth on the transboundary Santa Cruz aquifer

    Science.gov (United States)

    Scott, Christopher A.; Megdal, Sharon; Oroz, Lucas Antonio; Callegary, James; Vandervoet, Prescott

    2012-01-01

    The USA and Mexico have initiated comprehensive assessment of 4 of the 18 aquifers underlying their 3000 km border. Binational management of groundwater is not currently proposed. University and agency researchers plus USA and Mexican federal, state, and local agency staff have collaboratively identified key challenges facing the Santa Cruz River Valley Aquifer located between the states of Arizona and Sonora. The aquifer is subject to recharge variability, which is compounded by climate change, and is experiencing growing urban demand for groundwater. In this paper, we briefly review past, current, and projected pressures on Santa Cruz groundwater. We undertake first-order approximation of the relative magnitude of climate change and human demand drivers on the Santa Cruz water balance. Global circulation model output for emissions scenarios A1B, B1, and A2 present mixed trends, with annual precipitation projected to vary by ±20% over the 21st century. Results of our analysis indicate that urban water use will experience greater percentage change than climate-induced recharge (which remains the largest single component of the water balance). In the Mexican portion of the Santa Cruz, up to half of future total water demand will need to be met from non-aquifer sources. In the absence of water importation and with agricultural water use and rights increasingly appropriated for urban demand, wastewater is increasingly seen as a resource to meet urban demand. We consider decision making on both sides of the border and conclude by identifying short- and longer-term opportunities for further binational collaboration on transboundary aquifer assessment.

  5. The Santa Helena Group and the presence of the proletary artist

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Walter Zanini

    1995-12-01

    Full Text Available Apresentação do Grupo Santa Helena, cujos pintores, provenientes do proletariado ou da pequena-burguesia, se dedicavam a retratar paisagens suburbanas, pessoas do povo e naturezas mortas.

  6. Syncytial giant-cell hepatitis due to autoimmune hepatitis type II (LKM1+) presenting as subfulminant hepatitis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ben-Ari, Z; Broida, E; Monselise, Y; Kazatsker, A; Baruch, J; Pappo, O; Skappa, E; Tur-Kaspa, R

    2000-03-01

    Giant cell hepatitis (GCH) in adults is a rare event. The diagnosis of GCH is based on findings of syncytial giant hepatocytes. It is commonly associated with either viral infection or autoimmune hepatitis type I. A patient with GCH due to autoimmune hepatitis type II (LKM1+) is described, a combination that has not been previously reported. Corticosteroid therapy was effective in decreasing serum liver enzymes; however, the patient deteriorated rapidly and developed subfulminant hepatic failure. Although an emergency orthotopic liver transplantation was performed, the patient died because of reperfusion injury. Interestingly, only a few giant hepatocytes were noted in the explanted liver. This case stresses the association of GCH with autoimmune disorders, the possible immune mechanism involved in the formation of giant cell hepatocytes, and illustrates the rapidly progressive course and unfavorable prognosis that these patients can develop.

  7. The oldest plesiosaur (Reptilia, Sauropterygia from Antarctica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Antarctic plesiosaurs are known from the Upper Cretaceous López de Bertodano and Snow Hill Island formations (Campanian to upper Maastrichtian, which crop out within the James Ross Basin region of the Antarctic Peninsula. Here we describe the first plesiosaur fossils from the Lachman Crags Member of the Santa Marta Formation, north-western James Ross Island. This material constitutes the stratigraphically oldest plesiosaur occurrence presently known from Antarctica, extending the occurrence of plesiosaurians in this continent back to Santonian times (86.3–83.5 Mya. Furthermore, MN 7163-V represents the first plesiosaur from this region not referable to the Elasmosauridae nor Aristonectes, indicating a greater diversity of this group of aquatic reptiles in Antarctica than previously suspected.

  8. Aspectos Farmacológicos y Socioculturales del consumo de hoja de coca en indígenas Koguis respecto al consumo de cocaína en ambientes urbanos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katiuska Vera Zambrano

    2002-07-01

    Full Text Available La investigación compara los aspectos farmacológicos y socioculturales del consumo de la hoja de coca en indígenas Kogui de la Sierra Nevadade Santa Marta en Colombia frente a los aspectos farmacológicos y socioculturales del  consumo de cocaína en los ambientes urbanos, relacionados con los conceptos de tolerancia y dependencia a sustancias psicoactivas. Los resultados aportan al desarrollo  y diseño de programas de prevención, tratamiento y reducción de riesgo y daño en fármaco dependencia, al igual que sugiere la inclusión de aspectos relevantes en futuras políticas sociales de prevención en drogas.

  9. LIDERAZGO FORMATIVO Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE DE LA CALIDAD DE LA EDUCACIÓN

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Álvaro Rodríguez Akle

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo contiene los resultado de una investigación cualitativa acerca de los procesos institucionales que contribuyen a la promoción del liderazgo formativo que conduzca a un cambio sostenible de la calidad de la educación en las organizaciones escolares en el marco de su contexto sociocultural. La selección de este caso se realiza atendiendo la capacidad de innovación, adaptación y los procesos de desarrollo de la calidad de la educación y liderazgo sostenida por la institución seleccionada durante un largo período, reconocida por la comunidad y el gobierno distrital de Santa Marta, departamental del Magdalena y nacional de Colombia.

  10. Intercultural relations, bodies speech and semiopraxis

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Luis Grosso

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available La línea de investigación que proponemos pone en diálogo el trabajo conjunto de redes de investigación latinoamericana, fundamentalmente,las que tienen vinculación con movimientos y actores sociales, no necesariamente académicos, como por ejemplo el Grupo Latinoamericano de Estudios Sociales de los cuerpos y las emociones, con quienes venimos trabajando desde el año 2007, y cuenta con colegas de México, Colombia, Perú y Argentina; la Red Sur de Patrimonio Cultural, Memorias Locales y Globalización, donde participan colegas de Catamarca en Argentina; Popayán, Santa Marta y Cali en Colombia y también en Sudáfrica, que trabajan el tema de Patrimonio Cultural.

  11. Roma capitale anche dell'informazione geografica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauro Salvemini

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Rome, Geographic Information's capitalDuring October 2010 Rome has been the capital of GI. AMFM GIS Italia the leading association of GI in Italy held his own annual conference in the spectacular former church of Santa Marta, a specialized workshop has been held for planners Italiancommunity about the EC co-funded project PLAN4ALL, the Lazio Region , the public administration dealing with the territory management of the region, held a conference addressing the topic of GIS and territorial management and on the end of the month ESRI Italia company, which is also member of AMFM GIS Italia, will have the EMEA regional conference in Rome. The three events together will gather more the several thousands of people too the capital of Italy.

  12. Physical data of soil profiles formed on late Quaternary marine terraces near Santa Cruz, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Munster, Jennie; Harden, Jennifer W.

    2002-01-01

    The marine terraces in and around Santa Cruz, California, represent a set of well-preserved terraces formed as a product of geology, sea level, and climate. A marine terrace begins as a wave cut platform. Eustatic sea level changes, seacliff erosion, and tectonic uplift work together to generate marine terraces. "When a wave-cut platform is raised (due to tectonic activity) above sea level and cliffed by wave action it becomes a marine terrace" (Bradley, 1957, p. 424). During glacial periods, eustatic sea level is estimated to have dropped by 150 meters (Fairbanks, 1989). Cliff retreat measured from aerial photographs between 1930 and 1980 vary from 0.0 to 0.2 m yr–1 (Best and Griggs, 1991). Estimates of uplift rates along the Santa Cruz coastline vary from 0.10 to 0.48 m kyr–1 (Bradley and Griggs, 1976; Weber and others, 1999). Uplift mechanisms include coseismic uplift associated both with a reverse component of slip on the steeply SW dipping Loma Prieta fault in the restraining bend of the San Andreas Fault and a small component of reverse slip on the steeply SE dipping San Gregorio fault (Anderson and Menking 1994). Previous work studying physical properties on these terraces include Pinney and others (in press) and Aniku (1986) and Bowman and Estrada (1980). Sedimentary deposits of the marine terraces are a mixture of terrestrial and marine sediments but generally consist of a sheet of marine deposits overlying the old platform and a wedge of nonmarine deposits banked against the old sea cliff (Bradley, 1957). Bedrock underlying the terraces in the Santa Cruz area is generally either Santa Margarita Sandstone or Santa Cruz Mudstone. The Santa Margarita Sandstone represents an upper Miocene, transgressive, tidally dominated marine-shelf deposit with crossbedded sets of sand and gravel and horizontally stratified and bioturbated invertebrate-fossils beds (Phillips, 1990). The siliceous Santa Cruz Mudstone, of late Miocene age, conformably overlies the Santa

  13. Hepatitis B virus (image)

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hepatitis B is also known as serum hepatitis and is spread through blood and sexual contact. It is ... population. This photograph is an electronmicroscopic image of hepatitis B virus particles. (Image courtesy of the Centers for ...

  14. Honey Bees of Santa Catarina, Brazil, have only African mitochondrial DNA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    M. Lopes-da-Silva

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available As diferenças entre a subspécie de abelha africana (Apis mellifera scutellata e as subspécies europeias (Apis mellifera mellifera e Apis mellifera ligustica nos quesitos comportamento higiênico e agressividade são marcantes. Diferenças acentuadas no comportamento higiênico entre colônias de abelhas foram relatadas em Santa Catarina, Brasil. Suspeitou-se que essas diferenças fossem devidas a um possível fluxo gênico entre as abelhas africanizadas brasileiras e as abelhas europeias da Argentina. Amostras de abelhas de 30 localidades de Santa Catarina foram analisadas por meio do uso de um marcador PCR-RFLP do DNA mitocondrial específico para identificação da origem da linhagem maternal. Os resultados indicaram ausência de linhagem materna de origem europeia em Santa Catarina. Baseando-se em hipóteses e resultados de trabalhos anteriores, conclui-se que não há fluxo gênico entre as populações das diferentes subespécies. O resultado também reforça que a eliminação do DNA maternal europeu é um indicativo de ineficácia de introduções de abelhas de subespécies europeias, no Brasil, com propósitos de melhoramento do atributo agressividade.

  15. Nitazoxanide for chronic hepatitis C

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nikolova, Kristiana; Gluud, Christian; Grevstad, Berit

    2014-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C infection is a disease of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus. The estimated number of chronically infected people with hepatitis C virus worldwide is about 150 million people. Every year, another three to four million people acquire the infection. Chronic hepatitis C......) and ribavirin was the approved standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C. In 2011, first-generation direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been licensed, for use in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin for treating hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection. Nitazoxanide is another antiviral drug with broad...... antiviral activity and may have potential as an effective alternative, or an addition to standard treatment for the treatment of the hepatitis C virus. OBJECTIVES: To assess the benefits and harms of nitazoxanide in people with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. SEARCH METHODS: We searched The Cochrane...

  16. Hepatic (Liver) Function Panel

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Educators Search English Español Blood Test: Hepatic (Liver) Function Panel KidsHealth / For Parents / Blood Test: Hepatic (Liver) ... kidneys ) is working. What Is a Hepatic (Liver) Function Panel? A liver function panel is a blood ...

  17. Hepatitis B Vaccine

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... a combination product containing Haemophilus influenzae type b, Hepatitis B Vaccine) ... combination product containing Diphtheria, Tetanus Toxoids, Acellular Pertussis, Hepatitis B, Polio Vaccine)

  18. Bromeliad-associated mosquitoes from Atlantic forest in Santa Catarina Island, southern Brazil (Diptera, Culicidae, with new records for the State of Santa Catarina Mosquitos associados a bromélias em Mata Atlântica na Ilha de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil (Diptera, Culicidae, com novos registros para o Estado de Santa Catarina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gerson Azulim Müller

    Full Text Available Bromeliad-associated mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae in Atlantic Forest in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, were studied, examining plants of Vriesea philippocoburgi Wawra and Aechmea lindenii (E. Morren Baker var. lindenii at secondary Atlantic rain forest, and A. lindenii and Vriesea friburgensis Mez var. paludosa (L. B. Smith at "restinga" per month, during 12 months. No immature forms of mosquitoes were collected from A. lindenii in the secondary forest. Collections obtained 368 immature mosquitoes, none of them from A. lindenii from rain forest. Culex (Microculex spp. constituted 79.8% of the total, Wyeomyia (Phoniomyia spp. 17.93%, and Anopheles (Kerteszia cruzii (Dyar & Knab, 1908 only 1.36%. The study shows the great predominance of species of medical importance not yet proved, and the small number of immature stages of anopheline mosquitoes. The rainfall, but not the mean temperatures, significantly influenced the quantity of mosquitoes from V. philippocoburgi. Significant differences between the quantities of immature forms of all the bromeliad species were found, and the shape of the plants could be important to the abundance of mosquitoes. All six species of Cx. (Microculex found are recorded for the first time in the State of Santa Catarina, and all six species of Wyeomyia (Phoniomyia are recorded for the first time in bromeliads in this state.Mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae associados a bromélias em Mata Atlântica na Ilha de Santa Catarina, no Estado de Santa Catarina, foram estudados. Foram examinadas mensalmente plantas de Vriesea philippocoburgi Wawra e Aechmea lindenii (E. Morren Baker var. lindenii de floresta atlântica pluvial ombrófila e A. lindenii e Vriesea friburgensis Mez var. paludosa (L. B. Smith de restinga, durante 12 meses. As coletas resultaram em 368 formas imaturas de mosquitos, sendo que nenhuma foi coletada em A. lindenii de mata ombrófila. Culex (Microculex spp. constituíram 79,8% do total

  19. NANOTECNOLOGIA E AMBIENTE: O ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA NA PESQUISA AVANÇADA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gilberto Montibeller-Filho

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetiva-se avaliar a evolução recente e a posição do estado de Santa Catarina na pesquisa científica em geral e, em particular, em nanociência e nanotecnologia e o vínculo desta com questões sociais e ambientais. A análise considera dados absolutos e relativos de produção científica no período 1983-2000. Toma Santa Catarina no Brasil e faz a comparação com estados que lhe são assemelhados na estrutura econômica e de potencial de pesquisa e inovação tecnológica. A dimensão nano da partícula aporta novos desafios aos estudos da física e abre à economia campo de inovações tecnológicas - portanto, indica o grau de avanço da pesquisa realizada atualmente. As controvérsias do debate científico quanto a potenciais impactos, positivos e negativos, da utilização de produtos tecnológicos com partículas nano sobre o ambiente, a saúde humana e a sociedade em geral, são abordadas. As perspectivas da pesquisa são também indicadas, tendo em conta principalmente o apoio federal a projetos destinados tanto ao avanço do conhecimento em relação a nanopartículas e sua utilização, como aos seus potenciais efeitos. Finalmente, são apontadas diretrizes, neste sentido, na atuação da Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Científica e Tecnológica de Santa Catarina-FAPESC. Palavras-chave: Nanociência e Nanotecnologia. Pesquisa. Socioambiente. Estado de Santa Catarina.

  20. Santa Muerte: Threatening the U.S. Homeland

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-03-08

    with modern day Catholic practices.5 As West-African slaves migrated northward during the early 19th century, they brought with them Y aruba...of Sinaloa , a report of a mass murder revealed the bodies of 50 victims with tattoos and jewelry depicting Santa Muerte. 18 In other cases, rituals...forced thousands to abandon their jobs, homes, and friends in order to migrate north of the border in search of safety and a better life. Likewise

  1. Inventário de Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. em Santa Catarina Inventory of Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. in Santa Catarina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Luís de Gasper

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available A intensa exploração comercial de Dicksonia sellowiana a deixaram na categoria de ameaçada de extinção, sendo incluída na lista brasileira de espécies da flora ameaçada de extinção. Por isso, o presente trabalho visa apresentar o estudo da distribuição das populações de D. sellowiana para apontar os locais de maior ocorrência da espécie em Santa Catarina, e avaliar a relação da densidade populacional com fatores ambientais, como altitude e clima. Foram instaladas 225 unidades amostrais, com 4.000 m² nas regiões do planalto e oeste catarinense, baseadas na grade de 10 km x 10 km conforme procedimento do Inventário Florístico Florestal de Santa Catarina. Nestas 225 unidades amostrais, D. sellowiana foi encontrada em 94, com variação de um a 391 indivíduos. A grande densidade da espécie em áreas mais elevadas (superiores a 1.000 m está relacionada com os dados climáticos que influenciam a população diretamente, apontados pelo Critério de Informação de Akaike corrigido, ou seja, a altitude e a variação de temperatura que ela provoca. Observou-se também, que a espécie apresenta maior concentração da população nos menores intervalos de altura e diâmetro, chegando a elevadas densidades com até 977 indivíduos/ha em algumas áreas. As informações obtidas pelo inventário sobre esta espécie possibilitam indicar medidas de conservação para a espécie, como área a serem conservadas e apoio a produtores rurais.The intense exploitation of Dicksonia sellowiana has led this species to become endangered and to be included on the red list of threatened species. Therefore, this paper presents a study of D. sellowiana populations in Santa Catarina State, and points out the places where it occurs the most, the status of these populations and also evaluates the relationship between density, climatic variables and elevation. Two hundred and twenty-five sample plots, which were 4.000 m² each, were located within the

  2. Pathogenesis of Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irena Ciećko-Michalska

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Hepatic encephalopathy can be a serious complication of acute liver failure and chronic liver diseases, predominantly liver cirrhosis. Hyperammonemia plays the most important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. The brain-blood barrier disturbances, changes in neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, GABA-ergic or benzodiazepine pathway abnormalities, manganese neurotoxicity, brain energetic disturbances, and brain blood flow abnormalities are considered to be involved in the development of hepatic encephalopathy. The influence of small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO on the induction of minimal hepatic encephalopathy is recently emphasized. The aim of this paper is to present the current views on the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy.

  3. Pathogenesis of Hepatic Encephalopathy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ciećko-Michalska, Irena; Szczepanek, Małgorzata; Słowik, Agnieszka; Mach, Tomasz

    2012-01-01

    Hepatic encephalopathy can be a serious complication of acute liver failure and chronic liver diseases, predominantly liver cirrhosis. Hyperammonemia plays the most important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. The brain-blood barrier disturbances, changes in neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, GABA-ergic or benzodiazepine pathway abnormalities, manganese neurotoxicity, brain energetic disturbances, and brain blood flow abnormalities are considered to be involved in the development of hepatic encephalopathy. The influence of small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) on the induction of minimal hepatic encephalopathy is recently emphasized. The aim of this paper is to present the current views on the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. PMID:23316223

  4. Spatial and temporal fish diversity patterns from Santa Catarina Island, Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    André Cattani

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available The Santa Catarina Island has a mosaic of ecosystems, with great importance for the fishes. There is the presence of estuaries, lagoons, mangroves and sandy beaches in the same island. Thus, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the spatio and temporal fish diversity patterns in estuaries, lagoons and beach systems of Santa Catarina Island, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Fish data collected between 1983 to 2011 in the baía Norte, saco dos Limões, Itacorubi and Ratones mangroves, Conceição lagoon and Índio beach was analyzed. Fish were sampled with different gear techniques. In the North Bay and saco dos Limões individuals were caught by trawl, but in the mangroves and lagoon were used gillnets, cast nets and dip nets. In the Índio beach the fishes were collected using fyke nets. For each local, species accumulation curves were plotted to compare the observed pattern with modelled data, using first order Jackknife estimator. Species richness differences among locals and seasons were tested using PERMANOVA, followed by a canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP. To assess the taxonomic structures at each location, the average taxonomic distinctness (AvTD and the variation in taxonomic distinctness (VarTD were also used. Higher average species richness was found in the saco dos Limões (mean ± SE; 59.8 ± 2.5, followed by Índio Beach (55.7 ± 2.7, Conceição lagoon (52.3 ± 6.4, North bay (45.0 ± 2.5, mangrove Itacorubi (34.5 ± 3.2 and mangrove Ratones (30.8 ± 3.8. No significate differences for the taxonomic patterns were observed between seasons. Furthermore the hereby data suggest that the fish assemblages of the inner portion of the island of Santa Catarina are mainly formed by estuarine and marine fish, but differing in species richness among locals.

  5. Comparison of autochthonous and imported cases of hepatitis A or hepatitis E.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hartl, J; Kreuels, B; Polywka, S; Addo, M; Luethgehetmann, M; Dandri, M; Dammermann, W; Sterneck, M; Lohse, A W; Pischke, S

    2015-07-01

    Hepatitis A and hepatitis E are not limited to tropical countries but are also present in industrialized countries. Both infections share similar clinical features. There is no comparative study evaluating the clinical parameters of autochthonous and imported hepatitis A virus and hepatitis E virus infections. The aim of this study was to determine differences between autochthonous and imported hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections. Medical charts of all patients at our center with acute HAV and HEV infections were analyzed retrospectively (n = 50, study period 01/2009 - 08/2013). Peak bilirubin (median 8.6 vs. 4.4 mg/dL, p = 0.008) and ALT levels (median 2998 vs. 1666 IU/mL, p = 0.04) were higher in patients with hepatitis A compared to hepatitis E. In comparison to autochthones hepatitis E cases, patients with imported infections had significantly higher peak values for AST, ALT, bilirubin and INR (p = 0.009, p = 0.002, p = 0.04 and p = 0.049, respectively). In HAV infection, AST levels tended to be higher in imported infections (p = 0.08). (i) It is not possible to differentiate certainly between acute HAV and HEV infections by clinical or biochemical parameters, however, HAV infections might be associated with more cholestasis and higher ALT values. (ii) Imported HEV infections are associated with higher transaminases, INR and bilirubin levels compared to autochthonous cases and (iii) imported HAV infections tend to be associated with higher transaminases in comparison to autochthonous cases. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  6. Relation between laboratory test results and histological hepatitis activity in individuals positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and antibodies to hepatitis B e antigen

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    ter Borg, F.; ten Kate, F. J.; Cuypers, H. T.; Leentvaar-Kuijpers, A.; Oosting, J.; Wertheim-van Dillen, P. M.; Honkoop, P.; Rasch, M. C.; de Man, R. A.; van Hattum, J.; Chamuleau, R. A.; Reesink, H. W.; Jones, E. A.

    1998-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to hepatitis B e antigen (anti-HBe) commonly coexist, and laboratory tests are often requested to assess histological hepatitis activity. An optimum panel of tests has not been found and the usefulness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA

  7. Severity of depression in hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qureshi, M.O.; Khokhar, N.; Shafqat, F.

    2012-01-01

    Objective: To assess and compare the severity of depression in chronic hepatitis B (CHB), chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and healthy subjects. Study Design: Comparative study. Place and Duration of Study: Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad from July 2011 to February 2012. Methodology:A total of 206 subjects were divided in three groups. Group-I (chronic hepatitis C, n = 95), group-II (chronic hepatitis B, n = 29) and group-III (healthy subjects, n = 82). They were matched for age, gender and socioeconomic status and were compared for frequency and severity of depression as measured by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: Some degree of depression was noted in all groups. Frequency of depression was 72.6% in group-I, 58.6% in group-II and 37.8% in group-III (p value < 0.001). Conclusion: Both CHC and CHB had high frequency of some degree of depression. Hepatitis C patients had more depressive features than CHB. It is worthwhile to do more close mental health observation in them. A multidisciplinary team including a psychiatric specialist can help in this approach. (author)

  8. The idea of Santa Claus in terms of Cognitive Sciences. Cultural persistence and interference with the Christian Religion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    PhD. Paul SCARLAT

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The idea of Santa Claus is a universal one, which has been carried on for generations despite many obstacles. Although related to fantasy and imagination, he belongs to all cultures and for children he maintains a real presence. Cognitive Science examines the idea of this mysterious individual and brings clarification to his existence in society. Because this “superhero” plays a part in society, he needs a mental structure that can be imagined, a particular and specific cognitive structure. The study identifies the cognitive mechanisms by which the idea of Santa Claus is generated. The history of Santa has interfered with religion since ancient times. He is sometimes confused with religious figures. Cognitive Sciences as applied to religion seem to confirm the universality of religious beliefs and a certain similarity between the idea of Santa Claus and that of holy persons, such as St. Nicholas. However, there are opinions within this field of research that differentiate between the two areas: fantastic and religious.

  9. Detection of hepatitis G virus-RNA (HGV-RNA) in serum of patients with HBV hepatitis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhu Jingfei; Hang Shangrong; Chen Min; Pu Xiangke; Wang Yongzhong; Zhou Guoping

    2007-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the incidence of HGV infection in patients with HBV hepatitis and any possible adverse effect of the superinfection. Methods: Serum HGV-RNA expression was examined with PCR in 1104 patients with HBV hepatitis and 251 controls. Results: The positive rate of HGV-RNA in HBV hepatitis patients was not significantly different from that in controls (3.17% vs 2.79%, P>0.05). Among the patients with HBV hepatitis, HGV-RNA positive rate in patients with chronic hepatitis was significantly higher than that in patients with acute hepatitis (4.78% vs 0.96, P<0.05). Conclusion: HGV infection might be presented as non-symptomatic carriers or other mild form of hepatitis. The incidence of HGV infection was not especially high in HBV hepatitis patients, however, concomitant HGV and HBV infection might predispose to development of chronicity. (authors)

  10. Hepatic Diacylglycerol-Associated Protein Kinase Cε Translocation Links Hepatic Steatosis to Hepatic Insulin Resistance in Humans

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    ter Horst, Kasper W.; Gilijamse, Pim W.; Versteeg, Ruth I.; Ackermans, Mariette T.; Nederveen, Aart J.; la Fleur, Susanne E.; Romijn, Johannes A.; Nieuwdorp, Max; Zhang, Dongyan; Samuel, Varman T.; Vatner, Daniel F.; Petersen, Kitt F.; Shulman, Gerald I.; Serlie, Mireille J.

    2017-01-01

    Hepatic lipid accumulation has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, but translational evidence in humans is limited. We investigated the relationship between liver fat and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in 133 obese subjects. Although the presence of hepatic steatosis in

  11. Canine Copper-Associated Hepatitis

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Dirksen, Karen; Fieten, Hille

    2017-01-01

    Copper-associated hepatitis is recognized with increasing frequency in dogs. The disease is characterized by centrolobular hepatic copper accumulation, leading to hepatitis and eventually cirrhosis. The only way to establish the diagnosis is by histologic assessment of copper distribution and copper

  12. Hepatitis C and Incarceration

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Hepatitis Cdo to take care of their liver? People with Hepatitis C should not use alcohol or street drugs, as these can hurt the liver. Some other products can also hurt people with Hepatitis C, even if they appear to ...

  13. Padrão de crescimento e sistema de transportes em Santa Catarina, 1880-1945

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alcides Goularti Filho

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a formação econômica de Santa Catarina, 1880-1945, com base nos meios de transportes e nas vias de comunicação. O padrão de crescimento da economia catarinense nesse período era lento e pautado na pequena produção mercantil, em que cada microrregião se especializava numa atividade econômica. A combinação destes dois elementos desdobrou-se num sistema de transporte desintegrado. Além da introdução e de uma breve revisão historiográfica, o artigo está dividido em quatro tópicos: inicialmente discutiremos a formação econômica de Santa Catarina, destacando o padrão de crescimento, as principais atividades econômicas e as formações microrregionais; em seguida, será feito um panorama geral do fragmentado sistema de transporte em Santa Catarina, que são as ferrovias e a navegação fluvial; em terceiro lugar, será apresentado um breve esboço sobre o projeto da Rede Catarinense de Viação Férrea, e por último, será discutida a relação entre o padrão de crescimento e os transportes numa economia especializada e fragmentada.This article argues the economic formation of Santa Catarina, 1880 1945, the ways of transports and the way of communication. The standard of growth of the catarinense economy in this period was slow and based in the small mercantile production where each region was specialized in an economic activity. The combination of these two elements was unfolded in a system of disintegrated transport. Besides the introduction and a brief historiography review, the article is divided in four topics. Initially we will argue the economic formation of Santa Catarina, detaching the standard of growth, the main economic activities and the regional formations. After that, a general panorama of the broken up system of transport in Santa Catarina will be made: railroads and fluvial navigation. In third place, the text presents a brief sketch on the project of the Rede Catarinense

  14. Primary hepatic pheochromocytoma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Rimmelin, A.; Hartheiser, M.; Gangi, A.; Welsch, M.; Jeung, M.Y.; Jaeck, D.; Tongio, J.; Dietemann, J.L.

    1996-01-01

    Pheochromocytomas are uncommon tumors that represent a potentially curable cause of hypertension. They are usually located in the adrenal glands, but 10% arise from extra-adrenal sites, located along the paravertebral sympathetic chains. We report a case of primary hepatic pheochromocytoma responsible for a severe hypertension in a 24-year-old man. Echotomography showed a lightly heterogeneous mass located in the segment 8 of the liver. Iodine 131 -metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy showed a large hepatic concentration of the tracer and no other localization. This tumor appeared highly vascularized on enhanced CT scan and on aortic angiography. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a hepatic tumor with a high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and with a signal isointense to the liver on T1-weighted images. The hepatic venous sampling contained the highest catecholamine level, whereas the adrenal venous samping was normal. After surgical resection of the hepatic tumor, the tension level and catecholamines plasmatic level normalized. No recurrent symptoms appeared during a 3-year follow-up. (orig.)

  15. Hepatitis in pregnancy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ain, F.U.; Amin, A.; Yasmin, F.

    2007-01-01

    To determine the frequency of viral hepatitis in general, spectrum of hepatitis E in particular, and to study the maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality associated with it. In this prospective study, total number of pregnant women was 4723, sera of 35 pregnant women having clinical jaundice in pregnancy were analyzed for markers of hepatitis A , B, C and E viruses. Of the 35 pregnant women with jaundice HEV IgM were 60%,HA V IgM20%, Anti HCV 8.75%,Hbs Ag 5.71%, unexplained 5.71%. Amongst HEV 23.80% had hepatic encephalopathy DIC in 42.85%, PPH in 23.80%, renal failure in 9.52% an- maternal mortality in 4.76%. Approximately two third of pregnant women with HEV infection had preterm deliveries (76.19) % and perinatal mortality of 42.8%. Hepatitis E was the commonest etiological agent in those who had fulminant disease during pregnancy and was associated with high morbidity and mortality. (author)

  16. Severe atrophy of right hepatic lobe simulating right hepatic lobectomy

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yeh, C.W.; Strashun, A.; Goldsmith, S.J.

    1981-01-01

    Absence of the right hepatic lobe following blunt abdominal trauma without surgical resection is reported. The usual site of the right hepatic lobe is demonstrated to be occupied by bowel by hepatobiliary imaging

  17. Diffuse Carbon Dioxide Degassing Monitoring at Santa Ana-Izalco-Coatepeque Volcanic System, El Salvador, Central America

    Science.gov (United States)

    Olmos, R.; Barahona, F.; Cartagena, R.; Soriano, T.; Salazar, J.; Hernandez, P.; Perez, N.; Notsu, K.; Lopez, D.

    2001-12-01

    Santa Ana volcanic complex (0.22 Ma), located 40 Km west of San Salvador, comprises Santa Ana, Izalco, and Cerro Verde stratovolcanoes, the Coatepeque collapse caldera, as well as several cinder cones and explosion craters. Most recent activity has occurred at Izalco (1966) and Santa Ana which shows a permanent acidic crater lake with an intense fumarolic activity. In addition, Santa Ana exhibits a SO2-rich rising plume though no local seismicity has been reported. Weak fumarolic activity is also present at two locations within the Santa Ana volcanic complex: the summit crater of Izalco and Cerro Pacho at Coatepeque caldera. Other important structural features of this volcanic complex are two fault/fissure systems running NNW-SSE that can be identified by the alignment of the stratovolcanoes and numerous cinder cones and explosion craters. In January 2001, a 7.6 magnitude earthquake occurred about 150 Km SE of Santa Ana volcano. A soil gas and CO2 efflux survey was performed to evaluate the impact of this seismic event upon the diffuse degassing rates in Santa Ana volcanic complex in March 2001. A total of 450 soil gas and diffuse CO2 efflux measurements were carried out covering an area of 209.5 Km2. CO2 efflux ranged from non-detectable values to 293 gm-2d-1, with a median of 8.9 gm-2d-1 and an upper quartile of 5.2 gm-2d-1. The CO2 efflux spatial distribution reveals the existence of areas with CO2 efflux higher than 60 gm-2d-1 associated to the fault/fissure systems of NNW-SSE orientation. One of these areas, Cerro Pacho, was selected for the continuous monitoring of diffuse CO2 efflux in late May 2001. Secular variations of diffuse CO2 efflux ranged from 27.4 to 329 gm-2d-1 with a median of 130 gm-2d-1 and a quartile range of 59.3 gm-2d-1. An increasing trend of 43 gm-2d-1 was observed between May and August 2001 overlapped to high-frequency minor fluctuations related to meteorological variables' changes. However, a larger observation time-span is needed to

  18. Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus and Human Immunodeficiency ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background: The epidemiology of viral hepatitis and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during pregnancy is of great importance for health planners and program managers. However, few published data on viral hepatitis and HIV are available in Sudan especially during pregnancy. Objectives: The current study was ...

  19. Hepatic manifestations of celiac disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hugh James Freeman

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available Hugh James FreemanDepartment of Medicine (Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaAbstract: Different hepatic and biliary tract disorders may occur with celiac disease. Some have been hypothesized to share genetic or immunopathogenetic factors, such as primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune hepatitis. Other hepatic changes in celiac disease may occur with malnutrition resulting from impaired nutrient absorption, including hepatic steatosis. In addition, celiac disease may be associated with rare hepatic complications, such as hepatic T-cell lymphoma.Keywords: celiac disease, autoimmune liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, fatty liver, gluten-free diet

  20. Marta maailm / Marta Vaarik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vaarik, Marta, 1987-

    2007-01-01

    Laulja Lenna Kuurmaa otsib kodu. ETV saatejuht Marko Reikop asutas oma firma "Darren" kontserdisarja "Armastatud superhitid läbi aegade" läbiviimiseks. Soome suusahüppaja ja meelelahutaja Matti Nykänen rokkis märtsikuus Gran Canarial pubis Playa del Inglesis Berry. Laulja Ivo Linna koos abikaasa Imbiga külastasid Prantsusmaad. Singlil "Suusapalavik" laulavad Koit Toome, Taisi Pettai ja telereporter Lembitu Kuuse

  1. Marta maailm / Marta Vaarik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vaarik, Marta, 1987-

    2007-01-01

    Riigikogu liige Evelin Sepp käis sir Elton Johni kontserdil 15. sept. Saku Suurhallis. Poplaulja Mike Emelai on kaalus alla võtnud. Riigikogu liige Enn Eesmaa esineb Cliff Richardi looga "Don't Forget To Catch Me" 4. okt. Eesti Vähiliidu korraldataval heategevuskontserdil. "Tantsud tähtedega" saates paarina võistlevad laulja Koit Toome ja tantsija Kerttu Tänav käisid Elton Johni kontserdil

  2. Marta maailm / Marta Vaarik

    Index Scriptorium Estoniae

    Vaarik, Marta, 1987-

    2007-01-01

    Lauljate Luisa Värgi ja Koit Toome osalemisest saates "Tantsud tähtedega". Ansambli Terminaator solisti Jaagup Kreemi tütar Annabel läks kooli. Lauljal Lea Liitmaal uus soeng. Pidudest Tallinnas Polümeris ja Überblingenis

  3. Variation of hepatic artery on arteriogram and its clinical significance in interventional therapy for hepatic cancer

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang Xiaodong; Yang Renjie

    2009-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the variations of hepatic artery and its extrahepatic arteries on hepatic arteriogram and to provide benefit for transhepatic arterical chemoemblization. Methods: The hepatic arteriograms of 200 cases with unresectable hepatic malignant tumor before interventional therapy were analysed. Two interventional radiologists in common reviewed the incidences of various types according to Michels' classification, the absence of proper hepatic artery, and the variations of extrahepatic arteries originating from hepatic artery. Results: The most common hepatic artery variation was Michels type III(n=17,8.5%), followed by type II(n=10,5.0%) and V(n=9,4.5%). Proper hepatic absence was found in 25 cases and appeared as 5 subtypes. 5 kinds of extrahepatic arteries were found. The most common extrahepatic artery was the right gastric artery (n=156,78.0%), followed by cystic artery (n=126,63.0%), accessory left gastric artery (n=19,9.5%), the hepatic falciform artery (n=5,2.5%), and accessory left inferior phrenic artery (n=4,2.0%). Conclusion: There are some other variations of hepatic artery beside Michels' classification,and there are many variations of extrahepatic arteries originating from hepatic artery, it is important to assure interventional therapy effect for hepatic cancer and prevent complication. (authors)

  4. Wildlife vertebrate mortality in roads from Santa Fe Province, Argentina Mortalidad de vertebrados en caminos de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés M. Attademo

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Mortality of vertebrates was monitored on 2 roads (National Road 168; NR168 and Provincial Road 1; PR1 in Santa Fe Province (Argentina from October 2007 to August 2008. These roads differed in traffic volume and surrounding landscape management conditions. We also investigated the influence of environmental variables (mean monthly air temperature and monthly total rainfall on the incidence of road kills. Two people monitored the roads on foot (1 000-m line transects, 3 times a month (36 samples per road. We found 2 024 vertebrate road killed specimens representing 61 species (7 amphibians, 15 reptiles, 32 birds, and 7 mammals. The toad Rhinella fernandezae was the most frequently killed species (n = 1307, 64.57%. NR168 had a higher incidence of vertebrate road kills, particularity for amphibians, whereas birds had a higher incidence of road kills on PR1. We found a positive correlation between precipitation and temperature with vertebrate road kills on PR1. We suggest that vertebrate road mortality is a very serious problem for the conservation of the biodiversity in Santa Fe Province-Argentina, therefore implementing mitigation measures will be necessary.Se estudió la mortalidad de vertebrados en 2 rutas (RP1: Ruta Provincial N° 1 y RN168: Ruta Nacional N° 168 de la Provincia de Santa Fe (Argentina desde octubre de 2007 hasta agosto de 2008. Estas rutas diferían en el tránsito vehicular y obras de infraestructura. Además, se investigó la influencia de variables climáticas (temperatura media mensual y precipitación total mensual con el atropellamiento de la fauna silvestre. Se realizaron de 2 a 3 transectos por mes de 1 000 m cada uno, los cuales fueron recorridos a pie por 2 observadores. Un total de 2 024 vertebrados fueron registrados distribuidos en 61 taxa (7 anfibios, 15 reptiles, 32 aves y 7 mamíferos. La especie más impactada fue el sapo Rhinella fernandezae (n = 1307, 64.57%. La RN168 presentó una alta abundancia de

  5. Prevalence of hepatitis viruses in patients with acute hepatitis and characterization of the detected genotype 4 hepatitis E virus sequences in Mongolia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsatsralt-Od, Bira; Baasanjav, Nachin; Nyamkhuu, Dulmaa; Ohnishi, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Masaharu; Okamoto, Hiroaki

    2016-02-01

    Hepatitis E is considered to be a worldwide public health problem. Although the prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) antibodies in healthy individuals is noted to be 11%, no patients with acute hepatitis E have previously been identified in Mongolia. Three hundred two consecutive patients (183 males and 119 females; median age of 22.0 [Interquartile range: 18.3-25.0] years) who were clinically diagnosed with sporadic acute hepatitis during 2012-2013 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, were studied. By serological and/or molecular approaches, 77 (25.5%), 93 (30.8%), 19 (6.3%), 48 (15.9%), and 12 (4.0%) of the patients were diagnosed with acute hepatitis of types A, B, C, D (superinfection of hepatitis delta virus on a background of chronic hepatitis B virus infection) and E, respectively, while the cause of hepatitis was unknown in the remaining 53 patients (17.5%). The 12 hepatitis E patients had no history of travel abroad in the 3 months before the onset of disease, and lived separately in fixed or movable houses with water supplied via pipe, tank or well, denying transmission from a common water supply. The 12 HEV isolates obtained from the patients showed high nucleotide identities of 99.7-100%, and a representative HEV isolate, MNE13-227, was closest to the Chinese isolates of genotype 4, with the highest identity of 97.3% in the 304-nt ORF2 sequence and 92.1% over the entire genome. The present study revealed the occurrence of autochthonous acute hepatitis E in Mongolia, caused by a monophyletic genotype 4 HEV strain. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  6. PRELIMINARY FLORISTIC INVENTORY OF HUARIPAMPA AND SANTA CRUZ STREAMS: HUASCARÁN NATIONAL PARK, ANCASH, PERU

    OpenAIRE

    Casana, Jorge; Leal-Pinedo, Jorge; Casana, Ramón

    2010-01-01

    A preliminary floristic inventory is provided for the Huaripampa and Santa Cruz streams in the Santa Cruz, Huaripampa and Llanganuco route at the Huascarán National Park, located among the Provinces of Huaylas and Yungay, Deparment of Ancash, Peru. This circuit presents a high concurrence of national and foreigner tourists. It is notable for its landscape scenery, its biological structure and its proximity to the mountains Alpamayo, Artesonraju, Yanapaccha, Pisco, Huascarán and Hu...

  7. C-CAP Santa Cruz 2001 era High Resolution Land Cover Metadata

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — This dataset represents land cover for the San Lorenzo River basin in Santa Cruz County, California derived from high resolution imagery. The land cover features in...

  8. Hepatic encephalopathy. Imaging Findings

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Carrillo, Maria Claudia; Bermudez Munoz, Sonia; J Morillo, Anibal

    2007-01-01

    Hepatic encephalopathy occurs in patients with chronic hepatic insufficiency and can produce abnormalities in the central nervous system, which can be observed in MRI studies. Traditionally, these imaging findings include symmetrical hyper intensities in T1-weighted sequences in the basal ganglia (mainly globus pallidus), involving also the substantia nigra, mesencephalic tegmentum, frontal and occipital cortex. These areas appear of normal intensity in T2-weighted imaging sequences. Other entities that can lead to similar findings include manganese intoxication and type-1 neurofibromatosis. Currently, with the advent of MR spectroscopy, abnormalities in patients with clinical and subclinical hepatic encephalopathy have been described. After hepatic transplantation, hyper intensities of the basal ganglia and the MR spectroscopic findings may disappear within 3 months to 1 year, suggesting a functional, more than a structural damage. This article will demonstrate the MR findings of patients with hepatic encephalopathy due to chronic hepatic insufficiency.

  9. Energy Balance of the Santa Catarina State - Series 1980 -1996

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    1997-01-01

    This energy balance of the Santa Catarina State presents the following main topics that can be outstanding: economic aspects; supply and demand of energy by source 1980-1996; energy consumption by sector 1980/1996; energy interchange; and balance of the transformation centers 1980/1996

  10. Updates on the genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in Santa Catarina, Brazil

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hassemer, Gustavo; Marques da Silva, Otávio Luis; Funez, Luís Adriano

    2017-01-01

    This contribution presents updates to the knowledge of the species of Euphorbia that occur in Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. More specifically, we here typify the names E. cyathophora, E. hirtella, E. paranensis and E. stenophylla, and present the first records of E. cyathophora, E...

  11. Vulnerabilidades frente amenazas naturales en establecimientos de salud de la Provincia de Santa Elena

    OpenAIRE

    Bertha De Monserrate

    2015-01-01

    Un equipo de análisis de riesgos de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena y Cooperazione Internationale durante el año 2010, llevó a cabo un estudio de vulnerabilidad de los establecimientos de salud de la provincia de Santa Elena frente a amenazas naturales de tsunami, inundación, erosión y movimiento en masa. El objetivo: evaluar los establecimientos de salud por tipos y nivel de atención, mediante la aplicación de los estándares establecidos en el Manual de Licenciamiento de Mini...

  12. [Latest Treatment of Viral Hepatitis--Overcoming Hepatitis C and Reactivation of Hepatitis B].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tanaka, Yasuhito

    2016-02-01

    Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), discovered as causative viruses of post-transfusion hepatitis, become persistent infections, leading to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For HCV, recent IFN-free direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapies have increased sustained virological response (SVR) rates and reduced adverse events. IFN-based therapies, still the standard of care in Asian countries, are influenced by IL28B genetic variants and the liver fibrosis stage, but the DAA combinations obscure the influence of these factors. These new therapies can eradicate HCV and prevent HCC development. On the other hand, it is difficult to eradicate HBV completely. Although HBV infection can be prevented by vaccination, reactivation of HBV following anti-cancer chemotherapy and immunosuppressive therapy is a well-known complication. HBV reactivation has been reported to be associated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab-containing chemotherapy and TNF-α inhibitor-containing immunosuppressive therapy in HBV-resolved patients. Our prospective observational study revealed that monthly monitoring of HBV DNA was useful for preventing HBV reactivation-related hepatitis among B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients with resolved HBV infection following rituximab-steroid-chemo, suggesting that preemptive therapy guided by serial HBV DNA monitoring should be recommended. Recently, highly sensitive HBsAg detection by Lumipulse HBsAg-HQ may be useful for several clinical applications. The sensitivity of this assay (5 mIU/mL) was approximately 10-fold higher than Abbott ARCHITECT, but still lower than HBV-DNA assays. The convenient HBsAg-HQ may be useful for detecting occult HBV infection and HBV reactivation in relatively low-risk groups except for those receiving rituximab-steroid-chemo. [

  13. Analysis of branching patterns of middle hepatic artery using A-P and oblique view hepatic angiography

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Han, Kun Soo; Chang, Jae Chun; Park, Bok Hwan

    1992-01-01

    A study on branching patterns of middle hepatic artery was performed in 109 patients with A-P and oblique view hepatic angiogram, which refereed to size and location of quadrate lobe in CT and SMA photography. We could analyze the branching patterns of middle hepatic artery (MHA) in 100 among 109 patients. MHA arising as a first branch of left hepatic artery was the most common pattern (50%), and MHA arising from proper hepatic artery separately on from left hepatic artery was the next common pattern (35%). MHA originating from left gastric artery, or from anterior or posterior of the right hepatic artery was not seen. MHA was not found as an accessory or replaced artery except as replaced common hepatic artery

  14. CRED REA Algal Assessment, Santa Rosa Bank 2003 (NODC Accession 0010352)

    Data.gov (United States)

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Twelve quadrats were sampled along 2 consecutively-placed, 25m transect lines as part of Rapid Ecological Assessments conducted at 2 sites at Santa Rosa Bank (off...

  15. Epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Lebanon.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Abou Rached, Antoine; Abou Kheir, Selim; Saba, Jowana; Ammar, Walid

    2016-03-01

    Hepatitis B and C are two potentially life threatening liver infections. Lebanon is ranked as a zone of moderate endemicity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B and C in Lebanon and their distribution according to age, region and sex. This national prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2011 till December 2012 in the six Lebanese Governorates in collaboration with municipalities, the Ministry of Public Health, Health Centres and dispensaries. An upcoming screening for hepatitis B and C was announced? in different districts of each Governorate. All individuals presenting to local laboratory, not known to have chronic hepatitis, were asked for a blood sample and answered a questionnaire addressing sex, age, place of birth and residence. Screening tests were "Abbots" for hepatitis B and "Human Hexagon" for hepatitis C. PCR testing was used to confirm the positivity of the previous tests. Of 31147 individuals screened, 542 had a rapid test positive for HBV (prevalence 1.74%, 95% CI 1.6-1.89) with a male to female ratio of 1.08. This prevalence was higher in the South and Nabatieh (1.9%) compared to Beirut (0.73%). Of 31,147 individuals screened, 64 had a rapid test positive for HCV (prevalence 0.21%, 95% CI 0.16-0.27) with a male to female ratio of 0.85. This prevalence was higher in Nabatieh (0.61%) compared to Mount Lebanon (0.08%). The prevalence of HBV and HCV in Lebanon is 1.74% and 0.21%, respectively with a higher prevalence in South and Nabatieh districts. These data rank Lebanon amongst countries with low endemicity for both viruses. Decrease in the prevalence of HBV is due to awareness campaign as well as success of the MOPH National Hepatitis Program in vaccinating all new born since 1998 and in screening and vaccinating high risk groups. Copyright © 2016 Arab Journal of Gastroenterology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. Modernization projects in Santa Maria e Garona

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Marcos, R.; Alutiz, J. I.; Garcia Sanchez, M.

    2011-01-01

    This article shows a vision of the Santa Maria de Garona power Plant modernization guidelines and it also presents the most significant projects deployed in the last decade at the power plant grouped in mechanics projects, electrical projects, instrumentations projects and IT projects. At the same time three projects are explained in more detail: the change of one of the main transformers, the evolution from paper recorders to paperless video graphic recorders and the new plant data information system. (Author)

  17. Radon mapping - Santa Barbara and Ventura counties

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Churchill, R.

    1997-01-01

    Since 1990, the Department of Conservation''s Division of Mines and Geology (DMG) has provided geologic information and conducted several research projects on geology and radon for the California Department of Health Services (DHS) Radon Program. This article provides a brief overview of radon''s occurrence and impact on human health, and summarizes a recent DMG project for DHS that used geologic, geochemical, and indoor radon measurement data to produce detailed radon potential zone maps for Santa Barbara and Ventura counties

  18. Counter-attack on virol hepatitis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Prozesky, O.W.; Jupp, P.G.; Joubert, J.J.; Taylor, M.B.; Grabow, W.O.K.

    1985-01-01

    The most highly developed radioimmunoassay test system in medical virology is proving of exceptional value in research aimed at controlling and eventually eradicating the scourge of human hepatitis. The use of radioimmunoassay in detecting hepatitis A (HAV) and hepatitis B (HBV) viruses is discussed. The hepatitis A virus is an enterovirus which infects the gastrointestinal tract and is usually transmitted by contaminated food, milk or water. Hepatitis B spreads mainly by the parenteral rate. Bedbugs and ticks are considered as possible transmitters of HBV. Another important contribution of radioimmunoassay is the ability to monitor the immune response of persons at risk who are vaccinated against hepatitis B

  19. Geração de imagem georreferenciada do município de Santa Maria utilizando imagem de satélite e sistemas de informações geográficas Generation of georreferenced image of Santa Maria county utilizing satellite image and geographic information systems

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edson Luís Piroli

    1999-09-01

    Full Text Available O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Laboratório de Sensoriamento Remoto e Geoprocessamento, do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, tendo como objetivo a criação de uma imagem georreferenciada do Município de Santa Maria - RS. Foram utilizados para o seu desenvolvimento os sistemas de informações geográficas IDRISI e SITER e imagens do satélite Landsat 5 - TM. Os procedimentos para a obtenção da imagem georreferenciada foram basicamente de elaboração de composição falsa-cor, georreferência e corte da área abrangida pelo Município de Santa Maria. Os aplicativos SIG utilizados e as imagens de satélite foram suficientes e eficazes para a elaboração de imagem georreferenciada do município de Santa Maria.This work was developed at the laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geoprocessing of Department of Rural Engineering of University Federal of Santa Maria, had as objective the creation of a georreferenced image of Santa Maria county - RS. Made possible the development through the associated by the digital Landsat 5 - TM and they Geographic Information System IDRISI and SITER. The proceedings to again imagery georeferenced were elaborated from the color compositae, georreferencing techniques and the out line municipality boundary. The softwares GIS and the satellite image utilized were effective to reach the main goal of this work.

  20. Dopaminergic agonists for hepatic encephalopathy

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Als-Nielsen, B; Gluud, L L; Gluud, C

    2004-01-01

    Hepatic encephalopathy may be associated with an impairment of the dopaminergic neurotransmission. Dopaminergic agonists may therefore have a beneficial effect on patients with hepatic encephalopathy.......Hepatic encephalopathy may be associated with an impairment of the dopaminergic neurotransmission. Dopaminergic agonists may therefore have a beneficial effect on patients with hepatic encephalopathy....

  1. Glucocorticosteroids for viral hepatitis C

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Brok, J; Mellerup, M T; Krogsgaard, K

    2004-01-01

    Hepatitis C virus may cause liver inflammation and fibrosis. It is not known whether glucocorticosteroids are beneficial or harmful for patients with hepatitis C infection.......Hepatitis C virus may cause liver inflammation and fibrosis. It is not known whether glucocorticosteroids are beneficial or harmful for patients with hepatitis C infection....

  2. Drug-induced hepatic injury

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Friis, Henrik; Andreasen, P B

    1992-01-01

    The Danish Committee on Adverse Drug Reactions received 1100 reports of suspected drug-induced hepatic injury during the decade 1978-1987. The causal relationship between drug and hepatic injury was classified as definite in 57 (5.2%) reports, probable in 989 (89.9%) reports, possible in 50 (4.......5%) reports and unclassifiable in four (0.4%) reports. Hepatic injuries accounted for 5.9% of all adverse drug reactions reported, and 14.7% of the lethal adverse drug reactions. A total of 47.2% were classified as acute cytotoxic, 16.2% as acute cholestatic and 26.9% as abnormal hepatic function. In 52 (4.......7%) cases the hepatic injury was lethal; only 14 (1.3%) cases were chronic. Halothane accounted for 25% of the cases. The incidence of halothane-induced hepatic injury is decreasing, and only one lethal case has been reported since 1981. Next to halothane, sulfasalazine was the drug most often suspected...

  3. Freqüência de alterações hepáticas em pacientes com esclerodermia Frequency of hepatic abnormalities in patients with scleroderma

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ariene Paixão

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar a freqüência das doenças hepáticas em pacientes com esclerodermia e, secundariamente, estudar a freqüência de infecção pelos vírus B e C da hepatite nesses pacientes, assim como a freqüência de auto-anticorpos séricos. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: estudaram-se pacientes com diagnóstico de esclerodermia, localizada ou sistêmica, acompanhados no Ambulatório de Reumatologia do Hospital Santa Izabel. Como grupo de comparação, foram estudados pacientes com diagnóstico de acne vulgar. RESULTADOS: dos 65 pacientes com diagnóstico de esclerodermia incluídos nesse trabalho, 35% apresentaram a gama-glutamiltransferase (gama-GT alterada, 30% tiveram a fosfatase alcalina aumentada e 17,1%, a alaninoaminotransferase (ALT acima dos valores de referência. A ALT apresentou-se mais alterada nos pacientes do que nos controles. Apenas um indivíduo dos 41 testados apresentou positividade para o anticorpo antimitocôndria enquanto 19% tinham anticorpo antimúsculo liso, não se observando diferença estatística na positividade desses anticorpos entre os dois grupos. Um paciente apresentou o HBsAg positivo e outro foi positivo para o anticorpo anti-HCV. Nenhum paciente apresentou manifestações clínicas de doença hepática. CONCLUSÕES: no presente estudo, embora as alterações de enzimas hepáticas em pacientes com esclerodermia não tenham sido incomuns, não se observou nenhum caso com manifestações clínicas de doença hepática.INTRODUCTION: to determine the frequency of hepatic disease in patients with scleroderma and, secondarily, to investigate the frequency of hepatitis B and C virus infection and determine the frequency of autoantibodies in this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: patients with scleroderma followed at Hospital Santa Izabel were included in the study and patients with acne vulgaris served as a comparison group. RESULTS: considering the 65 scleroderma patients, 35% had elevated gamma

  4. Prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV are common blood-borne infections unevenly distributed across regions in Nigeria. Few population-based prevalence studies have been done in Nigeria. Objective. To determine the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV and risk factors for infection with ...

  5. The role of hepatic lipids in hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Perry, Rachel J; Samuel, Varman T.; Petersen, Kitt Mia Falck

    2014-01-01

    Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its downstream sequelae, hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, are rapidly growing epidemics, which lead to increased morbidity and mortality rates, and soaring health-care costs. Developing interventions requires a comprehensive understanding...... of the mechanisms by which excess hepatic lipid develops and causes hepatic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Proposed mechanisms implicate various lipid species, inflammatory signalling and other cellular modifications. Studies in mice and humans have elucidated a key role for hepatic diacylglycerol...... activation of protein kinase Cε in triggering hepatic insulin resistance. Therapeutic approaches based on this mechanism could alleviate the related epidemics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes....

  6. General seroprevalence of hepatitis and hepatitis B virus infections in population

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Khokar, N.; Gill, M.L.; Malik, G.J.

    2004-01-01

    Objective: To determine the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by detection of anti-HCV and hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) in general population of Pakistan. Materials and Methods: Sera of healthy adult individuals who presented for medical evaluation as a pre-employment criteria in the Gulf region were examined for presence of hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-HCV antibody. Alanine aminotransferase levels were also determined. Results: A total of 47,538 individuals were examined. Out of these, 2528 (5.31%) were positive for anti-HCV and 1221 (2.56%) individuals had positive HBsAg. Hepatitis B surface antigen and anti-HCV both were found in 92 (0.19%) individuals. Mean age of subjects, positive for HCV antibody was 44 years and 40.5 years for HBV. Ninety-four percent individuals were males and 6% were females. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was normal in 56% of subjects with positive HCV and 84% of individuals with HBV. Conclusion: This study which evaluated predominantly a healthy male population, showed a high seroprevalence of anti-HCV and average seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection. A large majority of these patients was young and had normal ALT. (author)

  7. Hepatitis B - children

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... B children; HBV children; Pregnancy - hepatitis B children; Maternal transmission - hepatitis B children ... growth and development. Regular monitoring plays an important role in managing the disease in children. You should ...

  8. Recognizing history in range ecology: 100 years of science and management on the Santa Rita Experimental Range

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nathan F. Sayre

    2003-01-01

    At the centennial of the Santa Rita Experimental Range, historical analysis is called for on two levels. First, as a major site in the history of range ecology, the Santa Rita illuminates past successes and failures in science and management and the ways in which larger social, economic, and political factors have shaped scientific research. Second, with the turn away...

  9. Manual de control interno para el área contable de la empresa industrial Santa Elena S.A. Empindecu, del cantón La Libertad, provincia de Santa Elena, año 2015.

    OpenAIRE

    Carrera Rivera, Stefanía Vanessa

    2015-01-01

    El presente trabajo de investigación previa la obtención del título de Licenciada en Contabilidad y Auditoría, tiene como objetivo primordial evaluar la incidencia de la gestión contable en las políticas y procedimientos, mediante un análisis situacional y la aplicación de técnicas de investigación, direccionados a la elaboración de un manual de control interno para el área contable de la Empresa Industrial Santa Elena S.A. EMPINDECU del cantón La Libertad provincia de Santa Elena. La empresa...

  10. Santa Rosa Geysers Recharge Project: GEO-98-001. Final Report

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Brauner, Edwin Jr.; Carlson, Daniel C.

    2002-10-01

    The Geysers steamfields in northern Sonoma County have produced reliable ''green'' power for many years. An impediment to long-term continued production has been the ability to provide a reliable source of injection water to replace water extracted and lost in the form of steam. The steamfield operators have historcially used cooling towers to recycle a small portion of the steam and have collected water during the winter months using stream extraction. These two sources, however, could not by themselves sustain the steamfield in the long term. The Lake County Reclaimed Water Project (SEGEP) was inititated in 1997 and provides another source of steamfield replenishment water. The Santa Rosa Geysers Recharge Project provides another significant step in replenishing the steamfield. In addition, the Santa Rosa Geysers Recharge Project has been built with capacity to potentially meet virtually all injection water requirements, when combined with these other sources. Figure 2.1 graphically depicts the combination of injection sources.

  11. Soil chemistry and mineralogy of the Santa Cruz coastal terraces

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pinney, Colin; Aniku, Jacob; Burke, Raymond; Harden, Jennifer; Singer, Michael; Munster, Jennie

    2002-01-01

    Marine terraces in the central coast of California provide an opportunity to study a soil chronosequence in which similar materials (beach deposits) have been weathered under similar slope, climatic, and vegetation conditions during the Quaternary. The terraces between Santa Cruz and Año Nuevo, California, have been studied for decades and are thought to be one of the best example of marine terraces in California {Lawson (1893), Wilson (1907); Branner and others (1909), Rode (1930) Page and Holmes (1945), Alexander (1953), Bradley (1956, 1957, 1958, and 1965), Bradley and Addicott (1968), Clark (1966 and 1970), Jahns and Hamilton (1971), Lajoie and others (1972), Bradley and Griggs (1976). Hanks and others (1986), Aniku (1986), Fine and others (1988), Anderson (1990 and 1994), and Rosenbloom and Anderson (1994).} Here we report morphological, chemical, physical, and mineralogical data for the soils that were formed in deposits on the Santa Cruz marine terraces in order to examine soil characteristics as a function of increasing terrace age.

  12. Pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Whitfield, Kate; Rambaldi, Andrea; Wetterslev, Jørn

    2009-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Alcoholic hepatitis is a life-threatening disease, with an average mortality of approximately 40%. There is no widely accepted, effective treatment for alcoholic hepatitis. Pentoxifylline is used to treat alcoholic hepatitis, but there has been no systematic review to assess its effects....... OBJECTIVES: To assess the benefits and harms of pentoxifylline in alcoholic hepatitis. SEARCH STRATEGY: The Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Register, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Citation Index Expanded, LILACS......, clinicaltrials.gov, and full text searches were conducted until August 2009. Manufacturers and authors were contacted. SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised clinical trials of pentoxifylline in participants with alcoholic hepatitis compared to control were selected for inclusion. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two...

  13. Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C markers in adolescents in Southern Brazil Soroprevalência de marcadores de hepatite B e hepatite C em adolescentes no Sul do Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Natália Gazzoni Scaraveli

    2011-04-01

    Full Text Available This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV markers among adolescents aged between 10 and 16 years old, who are elementary school students in the city of Chapecó, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The study involved a cross-sectional survey that included 418 volunteers, from March to July, 2008. Serology comprised HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HCV. Tests were performed using automated Microparticle Enzyme Immunosorbant Assay (Abbott, AxSYM System, Wiesbaden, Germany. The prevalence of HBsAg was found to be 0.2% (95%CI: 0.0-1.3, and the prevalence of anti-HBc was found to be 1.4% (95%CI: 0.5-3.1. Regarding anti-HBs, 48.6% had titers greater than 10UI/L. None of the volunteers presented reactive results for anti-HCV. This study showed a low prevalence of HBV and HCV markers of infection and a great number of volunteers immunized against HBV. Finally this study shows the importance of proper health campaigns and policies in reducing those prevalences.Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de marcadores do vírus da hepatite B (HBV e do vírus da hepatite C (HCV entre adolescentes com idade entre 10 e 16 anos, alunos do Ensino Fundamental da cidade de Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal incluindo 418 voluntários, realizado entre março e julho de 2008. As análises sorológicas incluíram: HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs e anti-HCV. Os testes foram realizados em Ensaio Enzimático de Micropartículas (Abbott, AxSYM System, Wiesbaden, Alemanha. A prevalência de HBsAg foi de 0,2% (IC95%: 0,0-1,3, e a prevalência de anti-HBc foi de 1,4% (IC95%: 0,5-3,1. Quanto ao anti-HBs, 48,6% dos voluntários apresentaram títulos maiores que 10UI/L. Nenhum dos voluntários apresentou resultados reativos para anti-HCV. Este estudo demonstrou uma baixa prevalência de marcadores de infecção HBV e HCV e um grande número de voluntários imunizados contra

  14. Expressions of renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone in patients with viral hepatitis or hepatic cirrhosis

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huo Ying; Zhu Yalin; Liu Yun

    2008-01-01

    Objective: To explore the changes of renin, angiotensin and aldosterone system in patients with hepatic disorders. Methods: Plasma renin activity (PRA), AT-II and Ald levels were measured with RIA in 31 patients with viral hepatitis, 35 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and 38 controls. Results: The levels of PRA, AT-II and Ald in patients with viral hepatitis were slightly but non-significantly higher than those in controls (P>0.05). The levels of PRA, AT-II and Ald in patients with cirrhosis were significantly higher than those in controls (P<0.01). Conclusion: RAAS was activated during progression of hepatic disorders and participated in the development of hepatic fibrosis. (authors)

  15. Hepatic blood flow with colloidal 198Au in the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis in children

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Marian, L.; Szantay, V.

    1975-01-01

    Tracer quantities of colloidal 198 Au were used to estimate the hepatic blood flow in normal children and in children with active or progressive chronic hepatitis and also to obtain scintigrams of the liver. In active chronic hepatitis a significant decrease in HBF values was observed, suggesting that the method may be used as a diagnostic criterion which is superior to hepatic scintigraphy. In progressive chronic hepatitis HBF values even lower than those in active hepatitis were observed. Together with more characteristic clinical findings and abnormal results of biochemical function tests, they underline the value of the method in estimating the severity and the evolution of the disease. (orig.) [de

  16. Ground-water geology of the coastal zone, Long Beach-Santa Ana area, California

    Science.gov (United States)

    Poland, J.F.; Piper, A.M.

    1956-01-01

    This paper is the first chapter of a comprehensive report on the ground-water features in the southern part of the coastal plain in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, Calif., with special reference to the effectiveness of the so-called coastal barrier--the Newport-Inglewood structural zone--in restraining landwar,-1 movement of saline water. The coastal plain in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, which covers some 775 square miles, sustains a large urban and rural population, diverse industries, and intensive agricultural developments. The aggregate ground-water withdrawal in 1945 was about 400,000 acre-feet a year, an average of about 360 million gallons a day. The dominant land-form elements are a central lowland plain with tongues extending to the coast, bordering highlands and foothills, and a succession of low hills and mesas aligned northwestward along the coastal edge of the central low- land plain. These low hills and mesas are the land-surface expression of geologic structure in the Newport-Inglewood zone. The highland areas that border the inland edge of the coastal plain are of moderate altitude and relief; most of the ridge crests range from 1,400 to 2,500 feet in altitude, but Santiago Peak in the Santa Ana Mountains attains a height of 5,680 feet above sea level. From these highlands the land surface descends across foothills and aggraded alluvial aprons to the central lowland, Downey Plain, here defined as the surface formed by alluvial aggradation during the post-Pleistocene time of rising base level. The Newport-Inglewood belt of hills and plains (mesas) has a maximum relief of some 500 feet but is widely underlain at a depth of about 30 feet by a surface of marine plantation. As initially formed in late Pleistocene time that surface was largely a featureless plain. Thus the present land-surface forms within the Newport-Inglewood belt measure the earth deformation that has occurred there since late Pleistocene time and so are pertinent with respect to

  17. Hepatic falciform artery

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Jaques, Paul F.; Mauro, Matthew A.; Sandhu, Jeet

    1997-01-01

    The hepatic falciform artery is an occasional terminal branch of the left or middle hepatic artery, and may provide an uncommon but important collateral route when the principal visceral arteries are occluded

  18. La documentació del retaule de Santa María de Salas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José i Pitarch, Antoni

    1999-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this article is strictly documentary. Its object is to show some unpublished records —although, in some cases, their content was known— and join together a group of data obtained from the Archives about the retable of Santa Maria de Salas (Huesca, Aragon, in order to offer a first documentary "corpus".[fr] Le propos de cet article est strictement documentaire. Son objet c'est de donner à connaître quelques documents inédits —quoique, dans certain cas, son contenu était déjà connu— et grouper les donnés conservés aux Archives sur le rétable de Santa Maria de Salas (Huesca, Aragon afin d'offir un premier "corpus" documentaire.

  19. FELINE HEPATIC LIPIDOSIS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    C. Masotti

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Since the first description of feline hepatic lipidosis occurred in 1977, it becames the most diagnosed liver disease in cats. Several factors have been proposed as causes of disease, and obesity being a predisposing factor. The disease can be considered primary or idiopathic when its underlying cause is unknown, or secondary when there is another concomitant disease lipidosis. Cats with hepatic lipidosis have anorexia usually ranging from several days to weeks and weight loss, followed by jaundice and varying degrees of dehydration, diarrhea and vomiting episodes may occur. A worsening of the disease shows signs of hepatic encephalopathy, drooling and retroflexion of the neck. In clinical examination can be observed depression, lethargy and hepatomegaly. The definitive diagnosis of the disease can be performed by fine needle aspiration biopsy guided by ultrasound and cytology or biopsy. The treatment of hepatic lipidosis is based on stabilizing the patient by supplying water and electrolyte losses and provide adequate nutritional support. The diet is usually provided through feeding tubes for a period ranging from 4 to 6 weeks may occur depending on the patient's condition. The prognosis for cats with hepatic lipidosis is favored in cases of identification followed by intensive treatment of underlying causes and for patients receiving therapy necessary in cases of idiopathic hepatic lipidosis.

  20. Surveillance for Viral Hepatitis - United States, 2014

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Resource Center Anonymous Feedback Viral Hepatitis Surveillance for Viral Hepatitis – United States, 2014 Recommend on Facebook Tweet Share ... Cases Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Discussion Hepatitis A virus Index PAGE DESCRIPTION Table 2.1 Reported ...