A case-control study of HTLV-infection among blood donors in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil - associated risk factors and trend towards declining prevalence Estudo da infecção do HTLV entre doadores de sangue de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Augusto Mota

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Previous data suggest that Salvador, the capital of the State of Bahia, a northeastern state of Brazil, has the highest prevalence of HTLV infection in blood donors among Brazilian cities. The aim of this case-control study was to identify the determinants of risk for HTLV infection among blood donors in the city of Salvador. Between January 2000 and December 2003, 504 blood donors with positive screening tests for HTLV infection (unconfirmed prevalence of 0.48% were invited to participate in our study. A total of 154 had performed a Western Blot (WB test, 139 were of which found to be positive (false positive screening rate 9.9%. Using a standardized questionnaire, a single interviewer obtained information on demographic, socio-economical and educational characteristics, as well as sexual behavior from 91 out of the 139 positive by WB and from 194 HTLV-negative blood donors. Prevalence of HTLV infection was 0.48%. Multivariate analysis revealed women (OR 3.79 [1.61-8.88], p=0.002, low family income* (OR 3.37 [1.17-9.66], p=0.02, self-reported history of sexual transmitted diseases (OR 6.15 [2.04-18.51], p=0.001, 2 or more sexual partners during life (OR 9.29 [2.16-39.94], p=0.0020 and inconsistent use of condoms (OR 4.73 [1.98-11.26], p=0.0004 as risk factors for HTLV infection. In accordance with previous published data, our results point to an association between low socio-economical level, poor education and unsafe sexual behavior with HTLV infection. We observed a lower prevalence of HLTV infection when compared to previous data.Estudos anteriores sugerem que Salvador, capital da Bahia, um estado do Nordeste do Brasil, tem a maior prevalência de infecção por HTLV em doadores de sangue entre as cidades brasileiras. O objetivo deste estudo caso-controle foi identificar os determinantes de risco para a infecção por HTLV entre doadores de sangue em Salvador. Entre janeiro 2000 e dezembro 2003, 504 doadores de sangue positivos para a infec

Características da assistência ao parto na cidade do Salvador (Bahia, Brasil Characteristics of the maternity care in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Celia Guimarães Neto Dias

1972-06-01

Full Text Available Levou-se a efeito estudo para analisar a disponibilidade de serviços de maternidade na cidade do Salvador, Brasil. Foi elaborado questionário destinado à obtenção de informações sobre o tipo de hospital, meios de manutenção, número de leitos obstétricos existentes, tempo e percentual de ocupação de leitos hospitalares. Informações sobre o tipo de assistência fornecida por ocasião da admissão, foram obtidas a partir do livro de ocorrências de cada instituição. Os dados referentes a mortalidade para o período 1961-1970 foram obtidos de duas fontes diferentes. No primeiro período de 1971, o estudo assim conduzido, demonstrou elevada demanda para leitos hospitalares mantidos pelo Governo estadual e período de permanência muito curto na maioria dos hospitais. As taxas de abortos e de mortalidade materna, em 1970, revelaram-se muito elevadas. Ambos os aspectos da assistência à maternidade apresentam-se como problemas importantes de Saúde Pública na cidade do Salvador.A study was made attempting to analyse the availability of maternity services in the City of Salvador, Brazil. A questionaire was designed aiming at to obtain information on the type of the hospital, owner ship, number of existing lying-beds, length of stay and percentage of occupation of hospital beds. The kind of natal care delivered by the time of the admission, was obtained from the book of ocurrences of each institution, while the mortality data to the period 1961-1970 were derived from two different sources. The study was conducted in the first period of 1971 and has indicated: a high demand for the hospital beds maintained by the state government and a very low length of stay in most of the lying in hospitals. The abortion rate observed in 1970 as well as the maternal mortality rates were found extremelly high, and both aspects of maternity care appeared as important public health problems in the City of Salvador.

Uma nota sobre ilusionismos e alegorias na pintura barroca de Salvador da Bahia A Note on Illusionism and Allegory in the Baroque Painting of Salvador, Bahia

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Luís de Moura Sobral

2008-12-01

Full Text Available As principais tendências da pintura no Brasil colonial podem ser estudadas na Catedral de Salvador, a igreja do antigo Colégio da Companhia de Jesus. Datando dos finais do século XVII, várias séries de quadros de qualidade diversa, compõem com as esculturas dos altares um soberbo e complexo bel composto de propaganda inaciana. Para decorar o forro da Biblioteca, por cima da sacristia, os Jesuítas encomendaram cerca de 1735-1736 uma monumental quadratura ao pintor português António Simões Ribeiro (?-1755. A pintura é estudada em função da tradição de decoração das bibliotecas durante a época moderna. Para além da quadratura, Simões Ribeiro introduziu na arte brasileira as figuras alegóricas, tornando-se assim o primeiro pintor brasileiro verdadeiramente barroco e o criador da chamada Escola Bahiana.The main trends of the painting in colonial Brazil can be studied in the Cathedral of Salvador, Bahia, the church of the former Jesuit College. Dating from the late 17th Century, several cycles of paintings on the walls and the ceiling of the sacristy, of varying quality, accomplish particular symbolic functions; in conjunction with the sculpture of the altars, they compose a complex bel composto of Jesuit propaganda. To decorate the ceiling of their Library, above the sacristy, the Jesuits commissioned around 1735-1736 a huge quadratura from the Portuguese born painter António Simões Ribeiro (?-1755. This painting is discussed within the tradition of Library decoration in the Modern period. Besides the quadratura, Simões Ribeiro introduced in the Brazilian art the allegorical figures and became the first full-Baroque painter in Brazil and the initiator of the so-called Bahian School.

As causas imediatas do crescimento da renda, da redução da desigualdade e da queda da extrema pobreza na Bahia, no Nordeste e no Brasil entre 2003 e 2011

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de Souza, Pedro H. G. F.

2013-01-01

O objetivo deste trabalho é explicar as causas imediatas do crescimento da renda domiciliar per capita, da redução da desigualdade e da queda da extrema pobreza para cinco recortes geográficos – Brasil, Nordeste, Bahia, Região Metropolitana (RM) de Salvador e Bahia não metropolitana – durante o período recente de crescimento pró-pobre (2003-2011). Com base em decomposições dinâmicas dos três aspectos, este texto procura verificar se as mudanças dos últimos anos seguem ou não um mesmo padrão g...

Trabalho em saúde: vigilância sanitária de farmácias no município de Salvador (Bahia, Brasil Work in health: sanitary surveillance of drugstores in Salvador (state of Bahia, Brazil

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Augusto Amorim Bastos

2011-05-01

Full Text Available A farmácia é um estabelecimento de interesse da saúde onde são dispensados medicamentos, tecnologia terapêutica mais utilizada na prática médica. Este trabalho objetiva descrever e analisar a vigilância sanitária de farmácias. A partir da teoria do processo de trabalho em saúde, realizou-se um estudo sobre a vigilância sanitária em farmácias de Salvador (Bahia, Brasil, segundo as categorias analíticas agentes e atividades. Os dados foram coletados por meio da observação, análise documental e entrevistas. No processamento, utilizou-se o software QSR N Vivo. Verificou-se multiprofissionalidade no quadro técnico, profissionais com pouco tempo de serviço em vigilância sanitária de farmácias e insuficiente capacitação técnica para o exercício das atividades. Foram observadas deficiências de ordem gerencial no serviço, que ainda não incorporou práticas de planejamento e avaliação. As atividades estão direcionadas à concessão da licença sanitária, priorizando-se o atendimento à demanda espontânea, configurando um modelo tecnológico de intervenção baseado na inspeção sanitária. Revelou-se a necessidade de modernização do serviço e utilização de tecnologias diversificadas para propiciar o controle do risco, dado que a evolução tecnológica oferece medicamentos cada vez mais potentes, porém com maior grau de risco.A drugstore is an establishment of interest in health, from which medication is dispensed, namely the therapeutic technology most broadly used in the practice of medicine. The scope of this study is to describe and analyze the sanitary surveillance of drugstores. Based on the theory of working processes in healthcare, a case study was conducted on the sanitary surveillance of drugstores in Salvador (Bahia, Brazil, examining 2 analytical categories: agents and activities. Data were collected through observation, analysis of documents and interviews, and QSR N Vivo software was used for data

Prevalence and risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in HIV-infected women in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Paula Matos Oliveira

Full Text Available CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV is frequently associated with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia. Immunosuppression and high HIV viral load are the main risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CIN in HIV-infected women in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, and to describe the risk factors in comparison with non-infected women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the AIDS Reference Center of Bahia and the Gynecological Outpatient Clinic of Fundação Bahiana para o Desenvolvimento da Ciência, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. METHODS: Sixty-four HIV-infected women and 76 uninfected women from Salvador were enrolled between May 2006 and May 2007. Associations between CIN and presence of HIV infection, HIV viral load, proportion of T CD4+ lymphocytes and risk factors were evaluated. The independence of the risk factors was investigated using logistic regression. RESULTS: CIN was more prevalent among HIV-infected women than in the control group (26.6% versus 6.6%; P = 0.01. The odds ratio for CIN among HIV-infected women was 3.7 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.23-11; P = 0.01, after adjusting for the following variables: age at first sexual intercourse, number of partners, number of deliveries and previous history of sexually transmitted disease. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of CIN among HIV-infected women was significantly higher than among women without HIV infection. HIV infection was the most important risk factor associated with the development of cervical lesions.

Características dos pacientes com trauma cranioencefálico na cidade do Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Melo José Roberto Tude

2004-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever as características de pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE na cidade do Salvador, assim como determinar as faixas etárias mais acometidas e definir as taxas de morbidade e letalidade. MÉTODO: Revisão retrospectiva de 555 prontuários de vítimas de TCE internadas no Hospital Geral do Estado da Bahia (HGE no ano de 2001, com posterior preenchimento de questionário. RESULTADOS: Foram verificados 82,9% de vítimas do sexo masculino e 17,1% do sexo feminino com principal faixa etária entre 21 e 30 anos. A principal causa de TCE foi acidente com meios de transporte (40,7%, seguido das agressões com ou sem armas (25,4% e quedas (24%. Foi evidenciada taxa de morbidade de 24,9% e letalidade de 22,9%. CONCLUSÃO: Os mais envolvidos no TCE foram adultos jovens do sexo masculino, tendo como principal causa os acidentes com meios de transporte, com taxas elevadas de morbidade e letalidade.

Centre social Bidonville "Bourg des deux frères", Salvador da Bahia, Nordeste Brésil

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Layette, SOS.; Père Maurice Abel

1986-01-01

Social centre Shantytowns "Bourg des deux freres", Salvador da Bahia. Nordeste Brazil. The analysis of so far published information on the eco-biology, reproduction, depths distributions and specific fishery of Epinephelus aeneus in the eastern central Atlantic enables to suggest the existence of a bathymetrie migration along the coast of Senegal.

[Professional Burnout Syndrome of intensive care physicians from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil].

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Tironi, Márcia Oliveira Staffa; Nascimento Sobrinho, Carlito Lopes; Barros, Dalton de Souza; Reis, Eduardo José Farias Borges; Marques Filho, Edson Silva; Almeida, Alessandro; Bitencourt, Almir; Feitosa, Ana Isabela Ramos; Neves, Flávia Serra; Mota, Igor Carlos Cunha; França, Juliana; Borges, Lorena Guimarães; Lordão, Manuela Barreto de Jesus; Trindade, Maria Valverde; Teles, Marcelo Santos; Almeida, Mônica Bastos T; Souza, Ygor Gomes de

2009-01-01

Describe prevalence of the Burnout syndrome in intensive care physicians of Salvador, associated to demographic data and aspects of the work environment (psychological demand and job control). This cross sectional study has investigated the association between work conditions and Burnout Syndrome in a population of 297 Intensive Care Physicians from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. An individual, self-report questionnaire evaluated the physicians' psychological aspects of work, using the demand-control model (Job Content Questionnaire) and their mental health, using the Maslash Burnout Inventory (MBI). The study found work overload,a high proportion of on duty physicians and low income for the hours worked. Prevalence of the Burnout Syndrome was 7.4% and it was more closely associated with aspects of the job's psychological demand than with its control. Physicians under great stress (high demand and low control) presented prevalence of the Bornout Syndrome 10.2 times higher than those under low stress (low demand and high control) jobs.

Morbidade em candidatos a emprego na região metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Santana Vilma S.

2001-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo transversal é avaliar o perfil de morbidade de candidatos a emprego, através de estimativas de prevalência de alterações de exames laboratoriais, dados da anamnese clínica e do laudo médico ocupacional sobre a aptidão para o trabalho. A população do estudo se constitui de 1.237 trabalhadores do sexo masculino, selecionados aleatoriamente através de prontuários médicos de um Serviço de Medicina Ocupacional de Salvador-Bahia, no período entre 1988 e 1996. Apenas dados de exames admissionais foram utilizados. As enfermidades mais encontradas foram infecções parasitárias (51,7%, anemias (12,8% e hipertensão arterial (12,7%, enquanto que o sobrepeso atingiu 24,7% da população do estudo. Motoristas apresentaram altas prevalências de sobrepeso (38,2% e hipertensão arterial (16,2%. Programas de higiene e segurança no trabalho necessitam enfocar, além de riscos e doenças ocupacionais, as mais comuns enfermidades e riscos, que nesta população foram aqueles típicos das más condições de vida. Atenção especial para a prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares deve ser dirigida a motoristas.

Morbidade em candidatos a emprego na região metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Vilma S. Santana

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo transversal é avaliar o perfil de morbidade de candidatos a emprego, através de estimativas de prevalência de alterações de exames laboratoriais, dados da anamnese clínica e do laudo médico ocupacional sobre a aptidão para o trabalho. A população do estudo se constitui de 1.237 trabalhadores do sexo masculino, selecionados aleatoriamente através de prontuários médicos de um Serviço de Medicina Ocupacional de Salvador-Bahia, no período entre 1988 e 1996. Apenas dados de exames admissionais foram utilizados. As enfermidades mais encontradas foram infecções parasitárias (51,7%, anemias (12,8% e hipertensão arterial (12,7%, enquanto que o sobrepeso atingiu 24,7% da população do estudo. Motoristas apresentaram altas prevalências de sobrepeso (38,2% e hipertensão arterial (16,2%. Programas de higiene e segurança no trabalho necessitam enfocar, além de riscos e doenças ocupacionais, as mais comuns enfermidades e riscos, que nesta população foram aqueles típicos das más condições de vida. Atenção especial para a prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares deve ser dirigida a motoristas.

The necessity of environmental impact evaluation of petroleum flux in Salvador metropolitan region, Bahia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oliveira, J.G. de; Cunha, R.P.P. da; Lemos, A.L.M.; Leite, J.V.; Oliveira, L.M. de.

1990-01-01

This paper, through the analysis of the petrol flux's in a Regiao Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS), tries to identify the environmental impacts related to their activity from the research/extraction, production, storage and, transportation to the refinery. The Energetic and Environmental Diagnostic of the state of Bahia, in development by the Interdisciplinary Sector of Energy (SIEnergia-NST/UFBA) is the reference in which this work is inside. (author)

Pedagogias do corpo na educação da dança de matriz africana em Salvador, BA, Brasil: perspectivas e tensões do projeto emancipatório

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Echeverry Zambrano, Claudia Del Pilar

2013-01-01

212 f. Esta tese, resultado de uma pesquisa de caráter etnográfico e bibliográfico, analisa as pedagogias usadas na educação do corpo, dentro da proposta das danças de matriz africana, que são praticadas em ambientes escolares em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. O estudo faz uma ênfase na descrição das perspectivas e desafios que esta educação enfrenta na atualidade como projeto corporal emancipador e reestruturador das representações sobre o corpo negro, historicamente configuradas no marco moder...

Acondicionamento e coleta de resíduos sólidos domiciliares e impactos na saúde de crianças residentes em assentamentos periurbanos de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil Household solid waste bagging and collection and their health implications for children living in outlying urban settlements in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

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Luiz Roberto Santos Moraes

2007-01-01

Full Text Available O artigo apresenta estudo do acondicionamento e coleta de resíduos sólidos domiciliares e o impacto na saúde de crianças, por meio de pesquisa realizada em nove assentamentos humanos localizados em área periurbana da cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Como indicadores epidemiológicos foram utilizados, em 1.893 crianças entre 5 e 14 anos, a infecção por nematóides intestinais, expressa pela prevalência de Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura e ancilostomídeos, e em 1.204 crianças menores de cinco anos, a incidência de diarréia e o estado nutricional, este expresso por indicadores antropométricos. Os resultados apresentam a maior prevalência dos três nematóides nas crianças dos domicílios que não dispõem de acondicionamento adequado e de coleta de resíduos sólidos que naquelas de domicílios com acondicionamento adequado e coleta regular, sendo a diferença encontrada estatisticamente significante, mesmo quando outros fatores de risco sócio-econômicos, culturais, demográficos e ambientais são considerados. Resultado semelhante é também observado com relação aos indicadores epidemiológicos, incidência de diarréia e estado nutricional.This paper presents a study on the bagging and collection of household solid waste and the health implications for children. The research was conducted in nine human settlements on the outskirts of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. Intestinal nematode infection, predominantly involving Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworms, was used as an epidemiological indicator in 1,893 children from 5 to 14 years of age. The study also included diarrhea incidence and nutritional status as shown by anthropometric indicators in 1,204 children less than 5 years of age. There was a higher prevalence of the three nematodes in children living in households without proper bagging/isolation and collection of household solid waste as compared to those in areas with regular garbage

REDES DO COMÉRCIO DE RUA DE SALVADOR, BAHIA

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Ana Cláudia Nogueira Maia

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Este trabajo representa un estudio de caso de comercio de la calle que se produce en la Centralización Iguatemi y Avenida Lima e Silva, en Salvador, Bahia. Al caminar por las calles es la diversidad notable que esta actividad presenta son bienes de todo tipo, ropa, electrónica, productos alimenticios y los que están diseñados para satisfacer una necesidad momentánea. Buscamos entender el camino que lleva a la diversidad bienes desde la producción hasta el consumo, se analizan los productos de “extranjero” en un intento de controlar todo el trayecto del camino para ellos. Por lo tanto, desarrollamos un entendimiento en torno a redes posibles formados detrás de la venta ambulante, es decir, las redes de suministro de este comercio.

Seria a moqueca apenas uma peixada? ¿La moqueca seria unicamente un plato de pescado? Alimentacion e identidad en Salvador, Bahia (Brasil

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Jane Fajans

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Comidas regionais no Brasil incorporam a história, geografia, cultura, “raça”, classe social e identidade de uma região. Um exemplo claro destes fatores se encontra na competição entre os Estados da Bahia e do Espírito Santo acerca de quem faz a melhor moqueca. A competição não está apenas associada ao gosto desta especialidade, mas também aos valores religiosos, culturais, raciais e de classe a ela associados. São incorporadas as qualidades de quem prepara e o contexto no qual é preparada e servida a moqueca.Las comidas regionales del Brasil revelan la historia, la geografía, la cultura, la “raza”, las clases sociales y la identidad de cada región. Un ejemplo claro de esos factores se encuentra en la competencia entre los Estados de Bahia y Espírito Santo acerca que quién hace la mejor moqueca. En esta competencia, finalmente, el sabor de esta especialidad culinaria no tiene tanta importancia como los valores religiosos, culturales, raciales y de clase a los cuales está asociada. Este platillo incorpora las cualidades de las personas que lo cocinan y el contexto en el cual está elaborado y servido.

Comunidade de Euglossini (Hymenoptera, Apidae das dunas litorâneas do Abaeté, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Blandina Felipe Viana

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Community of Euglossini (Hymenoptera, Apidae from the coastal sand dunes of Abaeté, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The Euglossini community structure was analyzed by attracting males with the scents eucalyptol, eugenol, vanillin, benzyl benzoate and methyl salicylate, and by netting bees on flowers. The samplings took place three times a month along one year from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. The scent baits attracted 670 individuals belonging to seven species of three genus. The predominant species were Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758 (76.6% and Eulaema nigrita Lepeletier, 1841 (21.8%. Euglossini males visited the scents along the whole year, being more abundant in May and in August. The most efficient fragrance was eucalyptol, attracting 624 individuals of five species. The males abundance fluctuated along the day, being the highest frequency observed between 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. Forty eigth Euglossini females of four species were netted visiting flowers of 14 plant species belonging to 13 families. Solanaceae and Caesalpiniaceae were the most visited. The species catched on flowers were Euglossa cordata, Eulaema nigrita, Euplusia mussitans (Fabricius, 1787 and Eulaema meriana flavescens Friese 1899. Euglossa cordata was the predominant species on flowers (64.6%, being collected during almost the whole year. Euplusia mussitans was the only species netted on flowers which males were not sampled on the scents.

Seroprevalence of HIV, HTLV-I/II and other perinatally-transmitted pathogens in Salvador, Bahia Soroprevalência do HIV, HTLV-I/II e outros patógenos de transmissão perinatal em Salvador, Bahia

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Jairo Ivo dos Santos

1995-08-01

Full Text Available Generation of epidemiological data on perinatally-transmitted infections is a fundamental tool for the formulation of health policies. In Brazil, this information is scarce, particularly in Northeast, the poorest region of the country. In order to gain some insights of the problem we studied the seroprevalence of some perinatally-transmitted infections in 1,024 low income pregnant women in Salvador, Bahia. The prevalences were as follow: HIV-1 (0.10%, HTLV-I/II (0.88%, T.cruzi (2.34%. T.pallidum (3.91%, rubella virus (77.44%. T.gondii IgM (2.87% and IgG (69.34%, HBs Ag (0.6% and anti-HBs (7.62%. Rubella virus and T.gondii IgG antibodies were present in more than two thirds of pregnant women but antibodies against other pathogens were present at much lower rates. We found that the prevalence of HTLV-I/II was nine times higher than that found for HIV-1. In some cases such as T.cruzi and hepatitis B infection there was a decrease in the prevalence over the years. On the other hand, there was an increase in the seroprevalence of T.gondii infection. Our data strongly recommend mandatory screening tests for HTLV-I/II, T.gondii (IgM, T.pallidum and rubella virus in prenatal routine for pregnant women in Salvador. Screening test for T.cruzi, hepatitis and HIV-1 is recommended whenever risk factors associated with these infections are suspected. However in areas with high prevalence for these infections, the mandatory screening test in prenatal care should be considered.A obtenção de dados epidemiológicos é de fundamental importância para o estabelecimento de políticas em Saúde Pública. No Brasil, essas informações são escassas, principalmente na região Nordeste. Para se obter alguns destes dados, avaliamos a soroprevalência de algumas infecções de transmissão perinatal, em cerca de 1024 gestantes de baixa renda, em Salvador, Bahia. Os resultados encontrados foram os seguintes: HIV-1 (0,10%, HTLV-I/II (0,88%, T.cruzi (2,34%, T.pallidum (3

URBAN SELF-ORGANISATION IN DEPRIVED NEIGHBORHOODS: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF AUTONOMOUS COLLECTIVE ARTICULATION IN SALVADOR DA BAHIA

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Katja Hölldampf; Eberhard Rothfuss

2013-01-01

From a comparative point of view, the given article is concerned with the possibilities and restrictions of urban self-organization within city’s neighbourhoods. Drawing upon a qualitative comparison between the case studies Alto de Ondina and Alto da Sereia – two disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods in the southern city centre of Salvador da Bahia (Brazil) – and considering the conditional framework of daily life there, the idiographic context conditions that foster and alternatively impede se...

Condições atuais da esquistossomose no "Dique do Tororó" em Salvador, Bahia

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Ruth B. Amorim

1976-06-01

Full Text Available Os Autores apresentam os resultados de observações realizadas entre os anos de 1971 a 1974 sobre a incidência humana da esquistosomose no Dique do Tororó, em Salvador, Bahia, após alí terem sido realizadas melhorias pela engenhària sanitária e medidas de combate biológico ao caramujo vetor pelo uso de peixes predadores. Comparando com os resultados obtidos por outros Autores em 1960, concluem que o Dique do Tororó não mais representa uma importante fonte de propagação da esquistosomose.

Conocimientos de los pediatras de Salvador, Brasil, sobre la vacuna antisarampionosa

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Moreira Luiza A. Cabus

1997-01-01

Full Text Available El éxito de las iniciativas internacionales para la erradicación del sarampión depende en gran medida del grado de conocimiento sobre la vacunación. En 1992 se evaluaron mediante un estudio transversal los conocimientos sobre la vacuna antisarampionosa de los pediatras de la ciudad brasileña de Salvador, Bahia. Del total de 506 pediatras residentes en la ciudad, 299 (59% pudieron ser localizados y respondieron a un cuestionario de 15 preguntas en las que se planteaban situaciones hipotéticas sobre indicaciones y contraindicaciones de esta vacuna. El promedio de aciertos fue de 9,3 preguntas de las 15, lo que muestra el poco conocimiento de los pediatras sobre la vacunación antisarampiososa. Situaciones comunes en la práctica pediátrica brasileña -desnutrición, infección de vías respiratorias altas, diarrea y estado prematuro- fueron a menudo erróneamente consideradas como contraindicaciones para la inmunización. Más de la mitad (62% de los pediatras no conocían la vía correcta de administración de la vacuna. Los conocimientos sobre la vacuna no variaron en función del tiempo transcurrido desde la formación universitaria del pediatra o de su trabajo en centros sanitarios de la Secretaría Estatal de Salud. Los profesores universitarios, los pediatras con maestría y los que cursaban estudios de posgrado tuvieron una media de aciertos ligeramente superior a la del resto. Estos resultados indican la necesidad de reforzar la enseñanza sobre la vacunación antisarampionosa en las facultades de medicina y en los programas de formación continuada para pediatras.

Conocimientos de los pediatras de Salvador, Brasil, sobre la vacuna antisarampionosa

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Luiza A. Cabus Moreira

1997-12-01

Full Text Available El éxito de las iniciativas internacionales para la erradicación del sarampión depende en gran medida del grado de conocimiento sobre la vacunación. En 1992 se evaluaron mediante un estudio transversal los conocimientos sobre la vacuna antisarampionosa de los pediatras de la ciudad brasileña de Salvador, Bahia. Del total de 506 pediatras residentes en la ciudad, 299 (59% pudieron ser localizados y respondieron a un cuestionario de 15 preguntas en las que se planteaban situaciones hipotéticas sobre indicaciones y contraindicaciones de esta vacuna. El promedio de aciertos fue de 9,3 preguntas de las 15, lo que muestra el poco conocimiento de los pediatras sobre la vacunación antisarampiososa. Situaciones comunes en la práctica pediátrica brasileña -desnutrición, infección de vías respiratorias altas, diarrea y estado prematuro- fueron a menudo erróneamente consideradas como contraindicaciones para la inmunización. Más de la mitad (62% de los pediatras no conocían la vía correcta de administración de la vacuna. Los conocimientos sobre la vacuna no variaron en función del tiempo transcurrido desde la formación universitaria del pediatra o de su trabajo en centros sanitarios de la Secretaría Estatal de Salud. Los profesores universitarios, los pediatras con maestría y los que cursaban estudios de posgrado tuvieron una media de aciertos ligeramente superior a la del resto. Estos resultados indican la necesidad de reforzar la enseñanza sobre la vacunación antisarampionosa en las facultades de medicina y en los programas de formación continuada para pediatras.

Candomblé in pink, green and black: re-scripting the Afro-Brazilian religious heritage in the public sphere of Salvador, Bahia

NARCIS (Netherlands)

van de Port, M.

2005-01-01

The article discusses the dispersion of candomblé imagery, practices and aesthetics in the public sphere of Salvador, Bahia. It shows that the spirit possession cult has become a trademark for the Bahian state and a major ‘symbol bank’ for groups as varied as the Bahian gay movement, environmental

Análisis multifactorial de los factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer en Salvador, Bahia

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Solla Jorge José Santos Pereira

1997-01-01

Full Text Available El presente estudio constituye un análisis multifactorial de los factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer en un grupo de recién nacidos en una zona urbana del Brasil. Se incluyeron en el estudio un total de 1 023 nacidos vivos, dados a luz en cuatro maternidades de Salvador, Bahia, entre julio de 1987 y febrero de 1988. Las fuentes de información fueron las historias clínicas y las entrevistas con las madres en la maternidad. El análisis se realizó mediante regresión logística. En el modelo final los factores de riesgo incluidos fueron los siguientes: edad materna menos de 21 años o más de 35; edad gestacional menos de 38 semanas; resultado desfavorable del embarazo anterior; intervalo intergenésico previo de 12 meses o menos; tabaquismo; e hipertensión. Se presentan los valores del riesgo atribuible poblacional para los factores de riesgo incluidos en el modelo final. Esos factores deben emplearse para detectar a las gestantes con alto riesgo de dar a luz un niño de bajo peso, a las que debe brindarse mayor atención prenatal.

Descrição de um surto de lepidopterismo (dermatite associada ao contato com mariposas entre marinheiros, ocorrido em Salvador, Estado da Bahia Description of an outbreak of lepidopterism (dermatitis associated with contact with moths among sailors in Salvador, State of Bahia

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Shirlei Cristina Moreira

2007-10-01

Full Text Available A ocorrência uma dermatite pápulo-pruriginosa em toda a tripulação de um navio comercial filipino em Salvador, BA, foi associada ao contato com mariposas do gênero Hylesia. Esta enfermidade insólita é causada por cerdas corporais das mariposas (flechettes. O relato dos casos serve como alerta para possíveis situações semelhantes.An occurrence of pruritic papular dermatitis among the whole crew of a Filipino commercial ship in Salvador, State of Bahia, was associated with contact with Hylesia moths. This unusual type of dermatitis is caused by the bristles (flechettes on the moths' bodies. Reporting on such cases serves to warn about possible similar situations.

Family context and incidence of dental caries in preschool children living in areas covered by the Family Health Strategy in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil Contexto familiar e incidência de cárie dentária em pré-escolares residentes em áreas do Estratégia Saúde da Família em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Tatiana Frederico de Almeida

2012-06-01

Full Text Available Psychosocial factors influence family care and can jeopardize child development. This study aimed to analyze the association between maternal common mental disorders and incidence of early dental caries in preschool-age children living in areas covered by the Family Health Strategy in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, in a cohort design. A total of 472 children were examined and their mothers were interviewed from 2007 to 2008. Incidence of at least one tooth with caries was 21.19%, while 7.84% of the children showed high risk of caries. The results after adjusting for the child's age and maternal schooling showed that maternal common mental disorders were associated with high caries risk in deciduous teeth (adjusted RR = 2.41, 95%CI: 1.05-5.56, among children with 6 or fewer home appliances in the household; adjusted RR = 3.44, 95%CI: 1.06-11.17, among those that brushed twice or less per day. Maternal mental problems were associated with the development of caries in preschoolers.Fatores psicossociais influenciam o cuidado no contexto familiar, podendo prejudicar o desenvolvimento infantil. Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a associação entre transtornos mentais comuns maternos e a incidência de cárie precoce em crianças na faixa etária pré-escolar, residentes em áreas cobertas pelo Estratégia Saúde da Família em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, em um estudo de coorte. Foram examinadas 472 crianças, e suas mães foram entrevistadas, no período de 2007 a 2008. A incidência de pelo menos 1 dente cariado foi de 21,19%, enquanto 7,84% das crianças apresentaram alto risco de cárie. Os resultados após ajuste por idade da criança e escolaridade materna mostraram que transtornos mentais comuns maternos associaram-se ao alto risco de cárie em dentes decíduos (RR ajustado = 2,41, IC95%: 1,05-5,56, entre as crianças com 6 ou menos eletrodomésticos no domicílio; RR ajustado = 3,44, IC95%: 1,06-11,17, entre as que realizavam escova

Hemoglobinopathies in newborns from Salvador, Bahia, Northeast Brazil

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Adorno Elisângela Vitória

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Hemoglobinopathies are hereditary disorders of the hemoglobin molecule with a high prevalence worldwide. Brazil has a prevalence of 0.1 to 0.3% of newborns with sickle cell anemia and 20.0 to 25.0% of heterozygous alpha2 thalassemia among African Brazilians. In the present study, we investigated the presence of variant hemoglobins and alpha2(3.7 Kb and alpha2(4.2 Kb thalassemia in newborns from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Samples of umbilical cord blood from a total of 590 newborns were analyzed, of which 57 (9.8% were FAS; 36 (6.5% FAC; one (0.2% SF; and five (0.9% FSC. One hundred fourteen (22.2% newborns had alpha2(3.7 Kb thalassemia, of whom 101 (19.7% were heterozygous and 13 (2.5% homozygous, showing statistical significance for hematological data between newborns with normal alpha genes and alpha2(3.7 Kb thalassemia carriers. The alpha2(4.2 Kb thalassemia was not found. Frequencies found in the present study confirm that hemoglobinopathies are a public health problem in Brazil, emphasizing the need for neonatal screening and genetic counseling programs.

Evolução e distribuição espacial da mortalidade por causas externas em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Eni Devay de Freitas

Full Text Available A partir de 1980, as mortes violentas vêm se destacando como segunda principal causa de óbito no Brasil, tornando-se um importante problema de saúde pública. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever a evolução e a distribuição espacial das mortes violentas no espaço urbano de Salvador, uma cidade do Nordeste do Brasil, nos anos de 1988, 1991 e 1994. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, cujos dados de mortalidade foram obtidos das Declarações de Óbito e dos arquivos do Instituto Médico Legal. Observou-se um aumento de 34,6% no número de mortes violentas entre os anos de 1988 e 1994. As maiores taxas de mortalidade ocorreram no sexo masculino nas faixas etárias de 20-29 (192,0 a 262,0/100.000 anos e de 65 anos ou mais (188,7 a 258,1/100.000. Os homicídios destacaram-se como primeira causa de morte em cerca de 75% dos distritos sanitários. Os autores discutem a necessidade de políticas públicas integradas e um conhecimento interdisciplinar para explicar as causas e enfrentar o problema da violência.

Evolução e distribuição espacial da mortalidade por causas externas em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Freitas Eni Devay de

2000-01-01

Full Text Available A partir de 1980, as mortes violentas vêm se destacando como segunda principal causa de óbito no Brasil, tornando-se um importante problema de saúde pública. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever a evolução e a distribuição espacial das mortes violentas no espaço urbano de Salvador, uma cidade do Nordeste do Brasil, nos anos de 1988, 1991 e 1994. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, cujos dados de mortalidade foram obtidos das Declarações de Óbito e dos arquivos do Instituto Médico Legal. Observou-se um aumento de 34,6% no número de mortes violentas entre os anos de 1988 e 1994. As maiores taxas de mortalidade ocorreram no sexo masculino nas faixas etárias de 20-29 (192,0 a 262,0/100.000 anos e de 65 anos ou mais (188,7 a 258,1/100.000. Os homicídios destacaram-se como primeira causa de morte em cerca de 75% dos distritos sanitários. Os autores discutem a necessidade de políticas públicas integradas e um conhecimento interdisciplinar para explicar as causas e enfrentar o problema da violência.

A cidade desejada e sublimada por Jorge Amado: os lugares imaginados em Bahia de Todos-os- Santos: guia de ruas e mistérios de Salvador

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Ricardo Araújo Barberena

2013-01-01

Full Text Available The book Bahia de Todos-os-santos: guia de ruas e mistérios de Salvador (Bahia of all-saints: a guide to the streets and mysteries of Salvador, by Jorge Amado (published in 1944, portrays an easygoing and provincial capital of Bahia. The population, which was less than 300 thousand people, moved about in the different celebrations of life. Due to profound urban transformations, the book underwent alterations in the different versions published through the years. However, the underlying structure and the spirit of the book have remained: the production of an encyclopedia of what it means to be/being “baiano” – sceneries, stories, old streets, new avenues, traditions, parties, poverty, joy, churches, candomblé, orishas, and other characters. In its pages, the book presents a real and magical image of a territory permeated by ordinary mysteries. The book has maintained its essence throughout the different editions. Even if the city has changed physically, it remains unchanged in terms of its poetic prose and in the production of a sublime descriptivism of a “black Rome.”

Overweight, asthma symptoms, atopy and pulmonary function in children of 4-12 years of age: findings from the SCAALA cohort in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Matos, SM; Jesus, SR; Saldiva, SR; Prado, MS; D'Innocenzo, S; Assis, AM; Rodrigues, LC; Alcantara-Neves, NM; Cruz, Á, A; Simões, SdeM; Barreto, ML; SCAALA (Social Change, Asthma and Allergy in Latin America) Stud,

2011-01-01

: To evaluate the association between overweight and the occurrence of asthma and atopy in a cohort of children of 4-12 years of age living in the city of Salvador in 2005. : Cross-sectional study nested in a cohort. : The metropolitan region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. : The study included 1129 children of 4-12 years age who presented complete information on the variables used here. Skin tests for allergy, spirometry, faecal parasitology, serum IgE and anthropometric surveys were conducted. ...

Canine visceral leishmaniasis epidemiological survey in three sanitary districts of Salvador, Bahia state, Brazil Inquérito epidemiológico da leishmaniose visceral canina em três distritos sanitários do Município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Fred da Silva Julião

2009-06-01

Full Text Available The goal of the present work was to investigate the occurence of canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL in Itapuã, Cajazeiras and Pau da Lima sanitary districts (SD, all belonging to the city of Salvador. In order to achieve it, a canine epidemiological and entomological surveys were applied as an epidemiological questionnaire to the owners of the animals sampled and to the veterinary physicians of the city. The study detected six VL seropositive dogs among the eight hundred and eleven ones randomly sampled. It was not possible to determine the autoctonous condition for L. chagasi infection. One animal was positive by culture of splenic material and in the entomologic survey of the vector, Lutzomyia longipalpis, none was captured. Veterinary clinicians from 41.7% of the clinics evaluated reported the diagnostic of, at least, one VL case in Salvador domiciliated dogs. The SD of Itapuã, Cajazeiras and Pau da Lima presented VL transmission risk once there is Leishmania parasite occurrence in the municipality, verified in this study by splenic culturing of an animal aspirative puncture, previous record of vector (L. longipalpis presence in the Itapuã district by the Bahia State Health Agency (SESAB and canine VL diagnostics by veterinary doctors from clinics all around the city of Salvador. This work is the first epidemiological analysis of this zoonosis in these SD and they point out the need to perform sampled entomological and serological surveys in all areas of the city. The development of a VL surveillance system may contribute for monitoring the disease in Salvador.Objetivou-se com este estudo investigar a ocorrência da Leishmaniose Visceral (LV canina nos Distritos Sanitários (DS de Itapuã, Cajazeiras e Pau da Lima, pertencentes ao município de Salvador, por meio da realização de inquérito sorológico canino; inquérito entomológico, aplicação de questionário epidemiológico aos proprietários dos animais amostrados e a m

Evolução e distribuição espacial da mortalidade por causas externas em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil Trends and spatial distribution of mortality from external causes in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

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Eni Devay de Freitas

2000-12-01

Full Text Available A partir de 1980, as mortes violentas vêm se destacando como segunda principal causa de óbito no Brasil, tornando-se um importante problema de saúde pública. Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever a evolução e a distribuição espacial das mortes violentas no espaço urbano de Salvador, uma cidade do Nordeste do Brasil, nos anos de 1988, 1991 e 1994. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, cujos dados de mortalidade foram obtidos das Declarações de Óbito e dos arquivos do Instituto Médico Legal. Observou-se um aumento de 34,6% no número de mortes violentas entre os anos de 1988 e 1994. As maiores taxas de mortalidade ocorreram no sexo masculino nas faixas etárias de 20-29 (192,0 a 262,0/100.000 anos e de 65 anos ou mais (188,7 a 258,1/100.000. Os homicídios destacaram-se como primeira causa de morte em cerca de 75% dos distritos sanitários. Os autores discutem a necessidade de políticas públicas integradas e um conhecimento interdisciplinar para explicar as causas e enfrentar o problema da violência.Since 1980, external causes (ICD-9 E800-E999 have been ranked as the second leading causal group for mortality in Brazil, thus becoming a major public health problem. This study aimed to describe spatial distribution trends for violent deaths in the urban setting of Salvador, a city in Northeast Brazil, for the years 1988, 1991, and 1994. An ecological study was conducted, and mortality data were obtained from death certificates and the archives of the Institute for Forensic Medicine. There was an increase of 34.6% in the number of deaths from external causes between 1988 and 1994. The highest mortality rates were among men from 20 to 29 years of age (from 192.0 to 262.0/100,000 and those 65 years and over (from 188.7 to 258.1/100,000. Homicides were the leading cause of violent deaths in about 75.0% of neighborhoods. The authors discuss the need for comprehensive public policies and an interdisciplinary approach to elucidate the causes

[The expression of sadness in a working class bairro in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil].

Science.gov (United States)

Costa, L A; Pereira, A M

1995-01-01

This paper examines the peculiarities of the expression of emotion in a poor neighborhood from Northeastern Brazil, the bairro of Nordeste de Amaralina, in Salvador, Bahia. Focusing on the expression of sadness, we built a scheme in which to understand how the informants perceive, identify, and deal with this emotion in the course of their daily lives. We attempted to reach an understanding of the wavs people in the bairro interpret sadness. In order to accomplish this goal. we built a semantic network which revealed three main clusters of emotional expression: the inner set, the bodily set, and the interactional set. We came to realize the various superpositions benween the universe of emotional expression and the local concept of person.

Globin haplotypes of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I-infected individuals in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, suggest a post-Columbian African origin of this virus.

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Alcantara, Luiz Carlos; Van Dooren, Sonia; Gonçalves, Marilda Souza; Kashima, Simone; Costa, Maria Cristina Ramos; Santos, Fred Luciano Neves; Bittencourt, Achilea Lisboa; Dourado, Inês; Filho, Antonio Andrade; Covas, Dimas Tadeu; Vandamme, Anne-Mieke; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

2003-08-01

The city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, has sociodemographic characteristics similar to some African cities. Up to now, it has had the highest prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection (1.74%) in the country. To investigate which strains of HTLV-I are circulating in Salvador, we studied isolates from 82 patients infected with HTLV-I: 19 from the general population, 21 from pregnant women, 16 from intravenous drug users, and 26 from patients and their family attending a neurologic clinic. Phylogenetic analysis from part of the LTR fragments showed that most of these isolates belonged to the Transcontinental subgroup of the Cosmopolitan subtype (HTLV-Ia). Only one sample from a pregnant woman was closely related to the Japanese subgroup, suggesting recent introduction of a Japanese HTLV-I lineage into Salvador. betaA-Globin haplotypes were examined in 34 infected individuals and found to be atypical, confirming the racial heterogeneity of this population. A total of 20 chromosomes were characterized as Central African Republic (CAR) haplotype (29.4%), 31 (45.6%) were characterized as Benin (BEN) haplotype, and 17 (25%) were characterized as Senegal (SEN) haplotype. Five patients' genotypes (14.7%) were CAR/CAR; 10 (29,4%), BEN/BEN; 9 (26.5%), CAR/BEN; 2 (5.9%), BEN/SEN; and 7 (20.6%), SEN/SEN. One patient's genotype (2.9%) was CAR/SEN. The betaA-globin haplotype distribution in Salvador is unusual compared with other Brazilian states. Our data support the hypothesis of multiple post-Columbian introductions of African HTLV-Ia strains in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Auto-organização urbana em bairros desprivilegiados: possibilidades e limites para a articulação autônoma em Salvador, Bahia

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Katja Hölldampf

2013-07-01

Full Text Available A partir de uma perspectiva comparativa, o artigo aborda as possibilidades e restrições da auto-organização urbana em unidades de vizinhança. Por meio de uma comparação qualitativa de dois estudos de caso, Alto de Ondina e Alto da Sereia, dois bairros desprivilegiados no centro sul de Salvador da Bahia (Brasil, e levando-se em consideração as condições gerais do cotidiano de cada lugar, se depreendem indutivamente dos dados empíricos as condições idiográficas do contexto que fomentam e restringem a auto-organização. Com isto, as interpretações baseadas nos dados empíricos vão além do contexto local e regional e oferecem um conhecimento básico sobre a articulação autocentrada e autônoma. Até o momento, os processos participativos de planejamento têm se guiado no Brasil pelo senso comum no que tange a governança urbana. Enquanto estratégias participativas possam tendencialmente ser caracterizadas por cogestão, a auto-organização civil, sendo expressão de autodeterminação, consiste na articulação de interesses coletivos. Com isto, as comunidades auto-organizadas não se amoldam num enquadramento institucional ou num sistema existente e são, consequentemente, capazes de articular coletivamente seus interesses, opiniões e necessidades. O conceito subjacente da “Governança-Ágora/Agora-Governance”, segundo Korff e Rothfuss (2009, pode estar na base da gestão urbana sustentável, levando a um processo de negociação consensual, mas, muitas vezes, assumindo também um caráter competitivo, entre a perspectiva dos cidadãos da “cidade humana” e a perspectiva dos especialistas da “cidade da infraestrutura”. Abstract URBAN SELF-ORGANISATION IN DEPRIVED NEIGHBORHOODS: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF AUTONOMOUS COLLECTIVE ARTICULATION IN SALVADOR DA BAHIA From a comparative point of view, the given article is concerned with the possibilities and restrictions of urban self-organization within city�

[Scorpion stings in an area of Nordeste de Amaralina, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil].

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de Amorim, Andréa Monteiro; Carvalho, Fernando Martins; Lira-da-Silva, Rejâne Maria; Brazil, Tania Kobler

2003-01-01

An epidemiological study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of individuals who referred scorpion sting accidents in a population sample from Areal, a neighborhood northeast of Amaralina, Salvador City, State of Bahia, Brazil. A random, systematic sample of 1,367 individuals was taken, corresponding to 44.4% of the total population. Eighty-two residents referred scorpion sting since they were resident in Areal, giving a prevalence coefficient of 6% (95% CI 4.7 - 7.3). The prevalence of persons stung by scorpions increased according to greater time spent in the domicile and more advanced age. It was remarkable that 92.7% of the scorpions stings occurred within the home. The incidence coefficient estimated for the most recent period of time (January to July, 2000) was 1.15 cases/1,000 inhabitants per month, comparable to the highest ever reported for an epidemic area.

Intersections between tourism market and marketing of sex in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Cassiana Gabrielli

2011-09-01

Full Text Available This essay presents some issues for discussion about the relationship between the tourist market and the sex trade in the city of Salvador, capital of Bahia State, situated in northeastern Brazil, focusing particular attention to the issue of gender relationships. Whereas tourism an important social mediator, it is proposed, based on some observations made in interviews with ten sex workers working in this city sights, dialoguing with other researchers of this theme, on the social and cultural relations between tourists and native, which may reflect elements of a broader reality, and through the interpretation of the ways in which the relationships between those involved in such a context are developed on the tourism and especially about his bias known as sexual tourism. It's worth noting that in the discussions presented here, we discuss only the female heterosexual prostitution.

Risco para transtornos alimentares em escolares de Salvador, Bahia, e a dimensão raça/cor

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Liliane de Jesus Bittencourt

2013-10-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estimar a existência de fatores de risco associados aos transtornos alimentares em escolares da cidade de Salvador, Bahia, por meio da dimensão étnico-racial como fator de heterogeneidade. MÉTODOS: Os participantes da pesquisa são escolares do sexo feminino, na faixa etária entre 15 e 30 anos, residentes na cidade de Salvador, no Estado da Bahia. Foram investigadas 626 estudantes, selecionadas em instituições públicas e privadas de ensino médio e universitário. Utilizaram-se o Eating Atittude Test-26, o Body Shape Questionnaire e o Beck Depression Inventory como instrumentos de identificação de risco para os transtornos alimentares. A classificação étnico-racial se deu por autodeclaração, de acordo com as categorias do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, bivariadas (χ2 de Pearson e regressão logística multivariada para análise dos dados. RESULTADOS: As estudantes que se identificaram como amarelas ou indígenas têm 3,6 vezes mais chances de desenvolverem comportamentos alimentares desordenados e 4,8 vezes mais possibilidade de estarem insatisfeitas com sua imagem corporal. As pardas apresentam 2,5 vezes mais risco para essa insatisfação. A depressão é uma comorbidade que deve ser considerada, apesar de não estar associada significativamente à raça/cor. CONCLUSÃO: As mulheres não brancas em Salvador apresentam risco de desenvolver transtornos alimentares. Outros estudos que combinam métodos quantitativos e qualitativos podem permitir uma análise mais robusta quanto à relação entre transtornos alimentares e raça/cor e etnia.

Hanseníase: um estudo sobre a experiência da enfermidade de pacientes em Salvador-Bahia

OpenAIRE

Martins, Patrícia Vieira

2013-01-01

A pesquisa que originou esta tese foi realizada com indivíduos residentes no Estado da Bahia, que buscaram tratamento em um hospital de referência na cidade de Salvador, e teve como objetivo responder, a partir de uma perspectiva socioantropológica, a uma série de indagações, tais como: de que maneira os pacientes construíram a experiência da enfermidade vivenciada por eles; qual foi a repercussão social da doença em suas vidas; quais os significados atribuídos a ela; quais as estratégias de ...

Migrações internas e malária urbana - Bahia, Brasil Internal migration and urban malaria - Bahia, Brazil

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Sebastião Loureiro de Souza

1986-10-01

Full Text Available Estuda-se as características sócio-econômicas dos indivíduos acometidos pela malária, em 1983, na área urbana de Camaçari - Bahia, Brasil, com destaque para os subgrupos migrantes e não migrantes. As condições de vida precárias de ambos os subgrupos são apontadas como os determinantes do surto de malária desencadeado no local.It is proposed to study the socio-economic characteristics of individuals who were infected with malaria in the urban area of Camaçari, Bahia, Brazil, in 1983. Special emphasis being given to the subgroups of migrants and nonmigrants. The precarious living conditions of both subgroups are identified as determinative of the malaria outbreak which occurred there.

Immunological inquiry for the epidemiology of leptospirosis in Canis familiaris in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

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Caldas, E M; Doria, J D; Martins, M A

1977-12-01

A total of 430 dogs were immunologically examined in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, and 21.6% of them were positive. The animals were selected through an aleatory pattern, according to the division of the City in 18 residential zones a division which had been established by the vaccination campaign against canis hydrophobia. The serotypes icterohemorrhagiae and canicola were the most frequently registered. Between the sexes, the male presented the highest index of positivity, though the difference wasn't statistically significant. The period of age ranging from 12 to 48 months comprised 67.7% of the investigations. Mestizo dogs presented a higher frequency of positivity than any other race and the areas of Nordeste de Amaralina, Liberdade and Quintas showed the greatest percentages of positive dogs.

Lymnaea columella: two new Brazilian localities in the states of Amazonas and Bahia

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W. Lobato Paraense

1986-03-01

Full Text Available The occurrence of Lymnaea columella is recorded in Tefé, Amazonas state, where it was found together with Drepanotrema anatinum, Physa marmorata and pomacea sp. L. columella was also collected in Salvador, Bahia state, at the dique do Tororó, an urban lake formely mentioned (as "lac Baril" by Moricand (1853 as a breeding-place of Biomphalaria glabrata, Drepanotrema cimex, D. depressissimum, Pomacea lineata, P. decussata and Ancylus moricandi. The four first-mentioned species, as well as physa cubensis and Hemisinus brasiliensis, were also collected now. This is the first record of a lymnaeid in the Northeastern region of Brazil.É registrada a ocorrência de Lymnaea columella em Tefé, Estado do Amazonas, onde foi encontrada juntamente com Physa marmorata e Pomacea sp. L. columella foi também coletada em Salvador, Estado da Bahia, no Dique do Tororó, lago urbano antes mencionado por Moricand (1853 como criadouro de Biomphalaria glabrata, Drepanotrema cimex, D. depressissimum, Pomacea lineata, P. decussata e Ancylus moricandi. As quatro primeiras espécies mencionadas, assim como Physa cubensis e Hemisinus brasiliensis, também foram agora coletadas. Este é o primeiro registro de um limneídeo na região Nordeste do Brasil

Musculação, uso de esteróides anabolizantes e percepção de risco entre jovens fisiculturistas de um bairro popular de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil Body-building, steroid use, and risk perception among young body-builders from a low-income neighborhood in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

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Jorge Alberto Bernstein Iriart

2002-10-01

Full Text Available Estudos recentes em diferentes países têm apontado o aumento do consumo de esteróides anabolizantes entre jovens fisiculturistas e atletas, e os danos à saúde causados pelo seu uso indiscriminado. No Brasil, estudos sobre o uso de anabolizantes são escassos. No presente trabalho, examina-se a percepção de risco à saúde, associada ao consumo de anabolizantes, entre jovens fisiculturistas de um bairro pobre da cidade de Salvador. A metodologia privilegiou métodos de coleta de dados qualitativos tais como etnografia, entrevistas semi-estruturadas e grupo focal com usuários de anabolizantes. Os dados produzidos descrevem as principais substâncias utilizadas e os padrões de uso, e apontam a falta de informação dos jovens entrevistados sobre a extensão dos danos à saúde decorrentes do consumo de anabolizantes, mostrando que para muitos, o desejo de desenvolver massa muscular e alcançar o corpo ideal se sobrepõe ao risco de efeitos colaterais. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de se desenvolver ações culturalmente apropriadas, voltadas para a prevenção do abuso de anabolizantes junto à essa população.Recent studies in different countries have shown an increase in anabolic steroid consumption among young people and the harm caused by indiscriminate use. In Brazil, research on steroid abuse is scarce. The present study examines the risk perception of health problems associated with anabolic steroid consumption among young working-class adults engaged in body-building practices in a poor neighborhood in the city of Salvador, Bahia. The methodology involved an anthropological approach based on qualitative research techniques consisting of ethnography, in-depth interviews, and a focus group with steroid users. The data describe the most common substances consumed and highlight the lack of information among interviewees concerning potential related health hazards, showing that for many steroid consumers the quest for muscle

[Stigma and resistance among travestis and transsexual women in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil].

Science.gov (United States)

Magno, Laio; Dourado, Inês; Silva, Luis Augusto Vasconcelos da

2018-01-01

This was a qualitative study based on an analysis of narratives produced by travestis and transsexual women in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, with the aim of analyzing their experiences with stigmatization by describing events, actors, and contexts that have marked their life stories, as well as elucidating the relationship between stigma and their female performances. The narratives came from 19 in-depth interviews during an epidemiological survey, based on a prior script that explored the production of narratives on lifestyles and experiences of travestis and transsexual women in the city of Salvador. The life stories that emerged in the field were transcribed and analyzed from a theoretical and narrative perspective. The narratives of many travestis and transsexual women described an "effeminate" gender performance that had been identified since their childhood by family and community members. This performance was presented as insubordination to the power established by heteronormative society's legal system. The process of stigmatization begins to operate when social expectations concerning the coherence between "biological sex" and "gender performance" are frustrated in social interactions, submitting the individuals to discrimination and violence. Thus, stigmatization is operated through the power exercised over bodies by the laws of compulsory heterosexuality. However, during the life stories of travestis and transsexual women, strategies of resistance to stigma are produced, with the potential to transform this situation.

Africanidades na paisagem brasileira Africanities in the brazilian landscape Africanidades en el paisaje brasileño

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Sílvio Marcus de Souza Correa

2010-01-01

Full Text Available PortuguesAs paisagens do Brasil foram marcadas desde o período colonial por vários componentes alienígenas. Entre eles, destacam-se as plantas de origem africana e asiática. O presente estudo trata de evidências da melancia (Citrullus lanatus nos arredores de São Salvador da Bahia. Integrada à dieta alimentar dos brasileiros desde o século XVI, ela “africanizou” a paisagem baiana, embora sua posterior expansão pelo território nacional tenha ocorrido devido a vários fatores internos; inclusive, ao seu “abrasileiramento”. No entanto, o olhar dos viajantes europeus distinguia, ainda no século XIX, os elementos exóticos da paisagem brasileira, como as bananas, as mangas e as melancias, apesar de sua “naturalização” no ambiente e na percepção dos brasileiros em relação à paisagem.EnglishSince the colonial period, the landscapes of Bahia have been marked by various foreign characteristics, among which plants of African and Asian origin stand out. The present study deals with the evidence of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus in the outskirts of São Salvador da Bahia. As an integral component of the Brazilians’ diet since the XVI century, it “africanized” the Bahian landscape, although its subsequent expansion on the national territory occurred due to various internal factors, including its “Brazilianization”. Nevertheless, still in the XIX century, the view of the European travelers distinguished the exotic elements of the Brazilian landscape, such as bananas, mangos and watermelons, despite their “naturalization” on the area and on the perception of the Brazilians in relation to the landscape. EspañolLos paisajes de Brasil fueron marcados desde el periodo colonial por varios componentes alienígenas. Entre ellos, se destacan las plantas de origen africano y asiático. El presente estudio trata de evidencias de la sandía (Citrullus lanatus en los alrededores de San Salvador de Bahia. Integrada a la dieta

EXPERIÊNCIA E VIVÊNCIA, PERCEPÇÃO E CULTURA: UMA ABORDAGEM DIALÉTICA DAS MANIFESTAÇÕES CULTURAIS EM BAIRROS POPULARES DE SALVADOR-BAHIA

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Angelo SERPA

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo, busca-se analisar os processos culturais de três bairros populares de Salvador, Bahia. Especial atenção é dada à análise do papel da cultura na vida social dos moradores, baseando-se em contribuições de Walter Benjamin, Hannah Arendt, Jürgen Habermas e Pierrre Bourdieu assim como em entrevistas estruturadas realizadas com residentes dos bairros. As manifestações culturais foram analisadas como proposto por Denis Cosgrove (que as classifica como dominantes, residuais, emergentes ou excluídas, a fim de explicitar as diferentes formas de manifestação da cultura popular ainda presentes nos bairros estudados, enfatizando, na análise, o confronto entre cultura popular e cultura oficial. Os resultados mostram que os bairros populares transformamse em microcosmos, com suas manifestações culturais e práticas sociais próprias, que representam muitos interesses (políticos, comerciais, promocionais, etc., restando, como diferencial, os interesses das associações de bairro, que realizam atividades culturais em prol da preservação e manutenção de sua tradição e identidade. Cognitive experience and immediate apprehension, perception and culture: a dialectical approach of cultural markers at popular neighborhoods in the suburb of Salvador municipality, Bahia State Abstract This article explores the analysis of cultural processes at three neighborhoods in the suburb of Salvador, Bahia. Consideration is given to the role of culture in inhabitants’ social life on the basis of the contributions made by Walter Benjamin, Hannah Arendt, Jürgen Habermas and Pierrre Bourdieu as well as of structured interviews accomplished with residents of the suburb of Salvador. The cultural manifestations were examined as proposed by Denis Cosgrove (classified as dominant, residual, emergent or excluded to bring forth new information about the different types of popular culture and to emphasize the confrontation between popular and official

Coleção de microalgas de ambientes dulciaquícolas naturais da Bahia, Brasil, como potencial fonte para a produção de biocombustíveis: uma abordagem taxonômica Collection of microalgae from natural freshwater environments of Bahia, Brazil, as a potential source for biofuel production: a taxonomic approach

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Maria Cristina de Queiroz Mendes

2012-09-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho envolveu a identificação taxonômica de espécies nativas de microalgas (isoladas de ecossistemas dulciaquícolas localizados nos arredores de Salvador, Bahia integrantes da Coleção de Microalgas dulciaquícolas do LABIOMAR/IB/UFBA, visando estudos taxonômicos mais aprofundados (ultraestruturais e moleculares e experimentos que possam avaliar sua capacidade para suprir cadeias produtivas de biocombustíveis. As coletas foram realizadas nos arredores de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. A identificação das espécies foi efetuada com base em caracteres morfológicos. Foram identificados 19 táxons, 12 em nível de espécie e nove em nível de gênero, sendo 14 Chlorophyceae (Chlamydomonas sp1, Chlamydomonas sp2, Chlamydomonas sp3, Chlamydocapsa bacillus (Teiling Fott, Chlorococcum sp1, Chlorococcum sp2, Coelastrum indicum Turn.. Coelastrum microporum Nägeli, Desmodesmus brasiliensis (Bohl. Hegew, Scenedesmum obliquus (Turpin Kütz, Ankistrodesmus falcatus (Corda Ralfs, Ankistrodesmus fusiformis Corda, Kirchneriella lunaris (Kirchner. Möbius, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Korshikov F. Hindák, três Trebouxiophyceae (Botryococcus braunii Kütz., Botryococcus terribilis Komárek et Marvan e Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck, uma Bacillariophyceae (Nitzschia sp. e uma Cyanobacteria (Synechocystis sp..This study identified native species of microalgae (maintained at LABIOMAR/IB/UFBA Collection of Freshwater Microalgae to indicate their potential to supply the biofuel production chain. Samples were collected in freshwater ecosystems around Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Species identification was based in morphological characteristics. Nineteen species were isolated and identified, 12 at the level of species and nine at the level of genus: 14 Chlorophyceae (Chlamydomonas sp1, Chlamydomonas sp2, Chlamydomonas sp3, Chlamydocapsa bacillus (Teiling Fott, Chlorococcum sp1, Chlorococcum sp2, Coelastrum indicum Turn. Coelastrum microporum N�

[Evaluation of dental care coverage in the State Military Police in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil].

Science.gov (United States)

Ribeiro-Sobrinho, Clóvis; Souza, Luís Eugênio Portela Fernandes de; Chaves, Sônia Cristina Lima

2008-02-01

This study seeks to evaluate dental care coverage in the State Military Police in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, from 2002 to 2004, estimating potential and real coverage rates. A single descriptive study was performed. Calculations were made of potential coverage rates considering hourly workloads of staff dentists and the real rates resulting from actual outpatient treatment. Potential human resources coverage was adequate (1 dentist per 1,618 policemen), while the real coverage rate was considered below the standard proposed by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (0.39 procedures per policeman per year). The low real coverage rate could be related to low productivity, the reasons for which should be investigated in greater depth in future studies, and might include organizational problems and lack of a management system to improve the quality of professional practice, with specifically defined targets.

Ocorrência de Chlamydophila psittaci em pombos (Columba livia na cidade de Salvador, Bahia

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D.C. Leal

2015-06-01

Full Text Available A existência de populações numerosas de pombos (Columba livia em centros urbanos, em quase todo o mundo, tem se tornado um risco à saúde pública em vista das zoonoses que podem transmitir. A infecção por Chlamydophila psittaci foi avaliada em pombos que frequentam áreas públicas, como praças, ruas e pontos turísticos na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, por meio da PCR em amostras de fezes frescas, suabes cloacais e orofaríngeos. O estudo revelou uma frequência de infecção por C. psittaci de 11,7% (16/137 dos pombos, e oito dos 10 locais pesquisados apresentavam aves infectadas. A detecção de C. psittaci em amostras de cloaca e orofaringe foi maior (15,8% - 3/19 que em amostras de fezes frescas (11% - 13/118. Os resultados demonstram a ocorrência de infecção por C. psittaci em pombos que habitam as áreas públicas da cidade de Salvador e apontam para a necessária elaboração de medidas de controle e monitoramento das populações de pombos urbanos, bem como de ações voltadas à conscientização da sociedade sobre os riscos à saúde pública.

Musculação, uso de esteróides anabolizantes e percepção de risco entre jovens fisiculturistas de um bairro popular de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Iriart Jorge Alberto Bernstein; Andrade Tarcísio Matos de

2002-01-01

Estudos recentes em diferentes países têm apontado o aumento do consumo de esteróides anabolizantes entre jovens fisiculturistas e atletas, e os danos à saúde causados pelo seu uso indiscriminado. No Brasil, estudos sobre o uso de anabolizantes são escassos. No presente trabalho, examina-se a percepção de risco à saúde, associada ao consumo de anabolizantes, entre jovens fisiculturistas de um bairro pobre da cidade de Salvador. A metodologia privilegiou métodos de coleta de dados qualitativos...

Musculação, uso de esteróides anabolizantes e percepção de risco entre jovens fisiculturistas de um bairro popular de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Iriart, Jorge Alberto Bernstein; Andrade, Tarcísio Matos de

2002-01-01

p. 1379-1387 Estudos recentes em diferentes países têm apontado o aumento do consumo de esteróides anabolizantes entre jovens fisiculturistas e atletas, e os danos à saúde causados pelo seu uso indiscriminado. No Brasil, estudos sobre o uso de anabolizantes são escassos. No presente trabalho, examina-se a percepção de risco à saúde, associada ao consumo de anabolizantes, entre jovens fisiculturistas de um bairro pobre da cidade de Salvador. A metodologia privilegiou métodos de coleta de...

Highlights from the Ninth International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation (ISTA IX), October 15, 2016, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Lopes, Renato D; Guimarães, Patricia O; Hylek, Elaine; Feitosa-Filho, Gilson S; Ritt, Luiz; Filgueiras, Nivaldo; Darzé, Eduardo; Rocha, Mario S; Magalhães, Luis P; Sousa, Antonio Carlos Sobral; Correia, Luis Claudio; Oliveira, Lucas Hollanda; Garcia, David A

2017-11-01

To discuss and share knowledge about advances in the care of patients with thrombotic disorders, the Ninth International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation was held in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, on October 15, 2016. This scientific program was developed by clinicians for clinicians and was promoted by two major clinical research institutes-the Brazilian Clinical Research Institute and the Duke Clinical Research Institute of the Duke University School of Medicine. Comprising academic presentations and open discussion, the symposium had as its primary goal to educate, motivate, and inspire internists, cardiologists, hematologists, and other physicians by convening national and international visionaries, thought-leaders, and dedicated clinician-scientists. This paper summarizes the symposium proceedings.

O candomblé da Bahia na década de 1930

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Vivaldo da Costa Lima

2004-12-01

Full Text Available O TEXTO resgata a atuação de duas personalidades eminentes do candomblé da Bahia, na década de 1930: o babalaô Martiniano Eliseu do Bonfim e a ialorixá Eugênia Ana dos Santos, a famosa Aninha, do Centro Cruz Santa do Axé do Apo Afonjá. Martiniano, nascido na Bahia, era filho de escravos alforriados, tendo sido enviado por seu pai para estudar a língua ioruba e as tradições africanas em Lagos, na Nigéria. Voltando a Salvador, tornou-se um líder religioso e sempre manteve estreita ligação com destacados intelectuais baianos. Aninha foi outra figura modelar entre as comunidades religiosas de terreiros, destacando-se pela sua indiscutível capacidade de liderança. Tanto Martiniano como Aninha contribuíram para o grande êxito do Segundo Congresso Afro-Brasileiro, realizado em Salvador, em janeiro de 1937.THIS ESSAY recalls the life and work of two eminent personalities of the Candomble religion in Bahia in the 1830s: babalaô [Yoruba priest] Martiniano Eliseu do Bonfim and ialorixá Eugênia Ana dos Santos, the renowned Aninha, spiritual director and priestess of the Cruz Santa do Axé do Apo Afonjá Center. Martiniano, born in Bahia, was the son of emancipated slaves. He was sent by his father to study the Yoruba language and African traditions in Lagos, Nigeria, and upon returning to Salvador, became a religious leader, maintaining close relationships with noted intellectuals from Bahia. Aninha was another model figure among the religious communities of the terreiros [ritual grounds of the Candomble religion], who stood out for her incontrovertible leadership ability. Both Martiniano and Aninha contributed to the huge success of the Second Afro-Brazilian Congress held in Salvador in January 1937.

Trabalho e cárcere: um estudo com agentes penitenciários da Região Metropolitana de Salvador, Brasil Work in the prison system: a study of correctional officers in Greater Metropolitan Salvador, Brazil

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Rita de Cássia Pereira Fernandes

2002-06-01

Full Text Available Estudo transversal para identificar possíveis associações entre condições de trabalho e saúde de agentes penitenciários de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, utilizou uma amostra aleatória estratificada proporcional de 311 indivíduos, que responderam, sem identificação, questionário auto-aplicável. Obteve-se os seguintes resultados na regressão logística: (a ambiente de trabalho psicologicamente inadequado, condições infra-estruturais insuficientes, falta de tempo para lazer, ausência de esporte, mais de nove anos no Sistema Penitenciário (SP, dobra de turno, jornada > 48 horas semanais e organização do trabalho inadequada, foram associados positivamente com distúrbios psíquicos menores (DPM; (b falta de treinamento, sexo feminino, jornada > 48 horas semanais, ambiente de trabalho psicologicamente inadequado, falta de tempo para lazer e ausência de esporte, foram associados positivamente com estresse persistente; (c idade £45 anos, ³nove anos no SP, dobra de turno, ausência de esporte, ambiente de trabalho psicologicamente inadequado, condições infra-estruturais e organizacionais inadequadas e presença de DPM, foram associados positivamente com queixas de saúde.A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify possible associations between working conditions and health among correctional officers in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The study used a stratified proportional random sample of 311 individuals who answered a non-identifiable self-applied questionnaire. The following results were obtained by logistic regression: (a psychologically inadequate workplace, insufficient basic work conditions, no leisure time, lack of sports practice, ³nine years working in the prison system, excessive work hours, ³48 hours work/week, and inadequate organizational conditions at work were associated with minor psychological disorders; (b lack of specific training, female gender, ³48 hours work/week, psychologically inadequate workplace, no

Wi-Fi Salvador: mapeamento colaborativo e redes sem fio no Brasil

OpenAIRE

Lemos, André; Pastor, Leonardo; Oliveira, Nelson

2012-01-01

O trabalho faz uma breve demonstração de políticas públicas para inclusão digital por meio da disponibilização do acesso à internet por meio de redes sem fio e discute a forma como as pessoas se relacionam com os lugares, de acordo com a existência ou inexistência de acessibilidade à internet. O objetivo é discutir o acesso à internet pelas redes sem fio no Brasil e, mais especificamente, na cidade de Salvador. Este trabalho é fruto de pesquisa realizada no âmbito do Grupo de Pesquisa em Cibe...

Retrospective study (1991-2005, of canine babesiosis cases in Salvador city and Metropolitan Region, Bahia. Estudo retrospectivo dos casos de babesiose canina na cidade de Salvador e região metropolitana, Bahia, no período de 1991-2005

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Bárbara Maria Paraná da Silva Souza

2007-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to analyze the frequencies of dogs infected by Babesia spp, based on suspicious clinical cases of hemoparasitosis recorded by veterinary doctors in the city of Salvador and Metropolitan Region, Bahia, from September 1991 to February 2005. 7243 record files from suspicious cases were analyzed for hemoparasites on Giemsa-stained blood smears, 33.95% of that showed positive result for the presence of Babesia spp. Higher frequencies of infection were detected in Akita Inu 48.61%, Pitbull 46.91%, Rottweiler 42.23%, Cocker Spaniel 41.93%, not defined breed 41.60% and Boxer 40.47% breeds. The frequencies of Babesia spp. infected dogs by age groups were high for those under twelve months old (42.87%, followed by twelve to forty eight months old dogs (34,63% and over forty eight month old dogs (34.38%. The result confirmed that Canine Babesiosis is endemic in this area and more studies are necessary to understand the epidemiology and furthermore to optimize control strategies.O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a freqüência de raça, sexo e idade de cães infectados por Babesia spp., baseado na casuística clínica (casos suspeitos de hemoparasitoses registrada por médicos veterinários, no período de setembro de 1991 a fevereiro de 2005, na cidade de Salvador e Região Metropolitana, Bahia. Foram analisadas 7.243 fichas de requisição para exame laboratorial de cães suspeitos de infecção por hemoparasitos, destas 33,95% possuíam o registro de resultado positivo quanto à presença de Babesia spp. em esfregaço sangüíneo e coloração pela técnica de Giemsa. Cães com idade de até 12 meses e da raça Poodle se destacam por apresentarem uma maior freqüência de positividade.

THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE PORT OF SALVADOR IMPROVEMENTS ON THE BRAZILIAN COTTON INDUSTRY

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Rafael Costa

2015-01-01

Full Text Available A spatial price equilibrium model of the international cotton sector was used to analyze the impacts of the Port of Salvador improvements on the Brazilian cotton industry and world cotton trade. The port of Salvador is undergoing relevant improvements in its facilities and physical structure. As a result of these improvements, the port of Salvador is expected to become more competitive and attract ocean shipping companies which are willing to export products directly to Asian importing markets. Scenarios with different reduction in export cost for the port of Salvador were examined. For all scenarios, the new direct ocean shipping lines were found to be important for the cotton exporters in Brazil, especially for the producers in the state of Bahia. In addition, results suggested that the state of Bahia would have the potential of becoming the largest cotton exporting state in Brazil.

Highlights from the IV International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation (ISTA), October 20-21, 2011, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Lopes, Renato D; Becker, Richard C; Newby, L Kristin; Peterson, Eric D; Hylek, Elaine M; Granger, Christopher B; Crowther, Mark; Wang, Tracy; Carvalho, Antonio C; Berwanger, Otavio; Giraldez, Roberto R; Feitosa, Gilson Soares; Ribeiro, Jorge Pinto; Darze, Eduardo; Kalil, Renato A K; Andrande, Marianna; Boas, Fabio Villas; Andrade, Jadelson; Rocha, Ana Thereza; Harrington, Robert A; Lopes, Antonio C; Garcia, David A

2012-07-01

To discuss and share knowledge about advances in the care of patients with thrombotic disorders, the Fourth International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation was held in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, from October 20-21, 2011. This scientific program was developed by clinicians for clinicians and was promoted by three major clinical research institutes: the Brazilian Clinical Research Institute, the Duke Clinical Research Institute of the Duke University School of Medicine, and Hospital do Coração Research Institute. Comprising 2 days of academic presentations and open discussion, the symposium had as its primary goal to educate, motivate, and inspire internists, cardiologists, hematologists, and other physicians by convening national and international visionaries, thought-leaders, and dedicated clinician-scientists. This paper summarizes the symposium proceedings.

Shallow-water anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda from southern Bahia, Brazi l Cangrejos anomuros y braquiuros (Crustacea: Decapoda de aguas someras del sur de Bahia, Brasil

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Alexandre O Almeida

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to determine the taxonomic composition and ecological aspects of decapods crustacean species belonging to the infraorders Anomura and Brachyura in shallow marine and estuarine waters from southern Bahia, a coastline about 640 km in extent, corresponding to approximately 7% of the Brazilian coast. Sixteen species of the infraorder Anomura and 68 of the infraorder Brachyura are reported for the study area. The most important families in terms of number of species were the Panopeidae with 11 species, and the Ocypodidae and Portunidae with 9. Among the Brachyura, the southern distribution of the species Austinixa leptodactyla Coelho, 1997 (Pinnotheridae, endemic to Brazil, is extended from the coast of Sergipe to Bahía (Prado, Cumuruxatiba Beach, 17°06'18.6"S, 39°10'50.4"W. The ocypodid Uca (Leptuca cumulanta Crane, 1943 and also the pinnotherids Austinixa aidae (Righi, 1967 and Fabia byssomiae (Say, 1818 are reported for the first time from the Bahia coast. The specimen of F. byssomiae examined was collected in the mantle cavity of the clam Macoma constrict (Bruchiére, 1792 (Bivalvia: Tellinidae, a new host record for the species.El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la composición taxonómica y aspectos ecológicos de los crustáceos decápodos pertenecientes a los infraórdenes Anomura y Brachyura, en aguas someras, marinas y estuarinas del sur de Bahia, Brasil, una línea costera con cerca de 640 km de extensión, que corresponde aproximadamente al 7% de la costa brasileña. Para esta area de estudio se registraron 16 especies del infraorden Anomura y 68 del infraorden Brachyura. Las familias más representativas en términos de número de especies fueron Panopeidae, con 11 especies, y Ocypodidae y Portunidae, ambas con nueve especies. Entre los Brachyura, la distribución meridional de Austinixa leptodactyla Coelho, 1997 (Pinnotheridae, endémica del Brasil, se extiende desde la costa de Sergipe

A Mulher guineense como sujeito e objecto do debate histórico ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. ... que os sistemas coloniais, de forma geral, tenderam a favorecer e a perpetuar formas de discriminação de género ... tanto na esfera político-ideológica como nas frentes de guerra e nas diversas atividades no ...

Highlights from the Tenth International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation (ISTA X), September 22 and 23, 2017, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Lopes, Renato D; Guimarães, Patricia O; Crowther, Mark; Hylek, Elaine; Feitosa-Filho, Gilson S; Ritt, Luiz E; Filgueiras, Nivaldo; Garcia, David A

2018-05-01

To discuss and share knowledge about advances in the care of patients with thrombotic disorders, the Tenth International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation was held in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, on September 22 and 23, 2017. This scientific program was developed by clinicians for clinicians and was promoted by two major clinical research institutes-the Brazilian Clinical Research Institute and the Duke Clinical Research Institute of the Duke University School of Medicine. Comprising academic presentations and open discussion, the symposium had as its primary goal to educate, motivate, and inspire internists, cardiologists, hematologists, and other physicians by convening national and international visionaries, thought-leaders, and dedicated clinician-scientists. This paper summarizes the symposium proceedings.

Fungos anamórficos (Hyphomycetes da Chapada Diamantina: novos registros para o Estado da Bahia e Brasil Anamorphic fungi (Hyphomycetes from the Chapada Diamantina: new records from Bahia State and Brazil

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Alisson Cardoso Rodrigues da Cruz

2007-12-01

Full Text Available (Fungos anamórficos (Hyphomycetes da Chapada Diamantina: novos registros para o Estado da Bahia e Brasil. Os fungos anamórficos, caracterizados pela produção de estruturas de reprodução assexuadas, são habitantes comuns do folhedo onde desempenham papel importante na decomposição. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um inventário dos fungos anamórficos associados ao folhedo de plantas da Chapada Diamantina, BA. Foram realizadas 13 expedições, de dezembro/2002 a outubro/2003, para coleta de folhedo. Para verificação da presença de fungos anamórficos o material foi submetido à técnica de lavagem sucessiva com água destilada esterilizada e posteriormente incubado em câmaras-úmidas. Lâminas permanentes com as estruturas reprodutivas dos espécimes foram confeccionadas com resina PVL e depositadas no herbário HUEFS. Das 57 espécies de fungos anamórficos identificados, nove constituem novas ocorrências para o Estado da Bahia e cinco para o Brasil: Fusariella atrovirens (Berk. Sacc., Kiliophora ubiensis (Caneva & Rambelli Kuthub. & Nawawi, Paraceratocladium silvestre Castañeda, Pleurotheciopsis setiformis Castañeda e Triscelophorus deficiens (Matsush. Matsush. Incluem-se comentários e distribuição geográfica dos novos registros para o Estado da Bahia; descrições e ilustrações são apresentadas para as novas ocorrências para o Brasil.(Anamorphic fungi (Hyphomycetes from the Chapada Diamantina: new records from Bahia State and Brazil. The anamorphic fungi are characterized by production of asexual reproductive structures and are common inhabitants of the leaf litter, where they play an important role in decomposition. The aim of this work was to survey the anamorphic fungi associated with leaf litter from Chapada Diamantina, B ahia state. Thirteen expeditions took place from December/2002 to October/2003 to collect leaf litter. The serial washing technique with sterile distilled water followed by incubation in

Estudo piloto da prevalência do transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade entre crianças escolares na cidade do Salvador, Bahia, Brasil A pilot study of prevalence of hyperactivity and attention deficit disorder in scholar children in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Antonio Carlos Cruz Freire

2005-06-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo se propõe a estimar a prevalência do transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH em escolares através de inquérito com professores. Foi realizado um estudo piloto baseado no total de alunos do ensino fundamental, em escolas da rede pública e privada da cidade do Salvador, BA. O instrumento diagnóstico utilizado foi a Escala de TDAH versão para professores. Oito crianças (5,3% apresentavam alta probabilidade de ter o subtipo predominantemente desatento, três escolares (2% apresentavam alta probabilidade de apresentar o subtipo predominantemente hiperativo/impulsivo e uma criança (0,6% apresentava alta probabilidade de apresentar o subtipo combinado. Crianças com TDAH podem ter sérios problemas de funcionamento social. O problema não se resume aos déficits trazidos pela doença, mas à associação co-mórbida com outros transtornos, que pode resultar em comprometimento social grave. O reconhecimento precoce e o manejo adequado do TDAH pode redirecionar o desenvolvimento educacional e psicossocial dessas crianças.This study aims to estimate the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD in scholar children through a teacher's questionnaire. A pilot study was conducted based in the total number of students under high school, in public and private schools in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The instrument used was Teacher's version of ADHS scale. Eight kids (5.3% were recognized as highly probability of attention deficit disorder, three (2% with high probability of subtype hyperactive/impulsive, and one (0.6% as combined subtype. Children with ADHD might have serious social problems, not only brought by the disorder, but also due to co morbidity with other disorders, leading to serious social withdrawn. Early diagnostic and treatment of ADHD might improve educational and psychosocial development of these kids.

Candida species isolated from the vaginal mucosa of HIV-infected women in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Paula Matos Oliveira

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC is the second most common vaginal infection. HIV-infection is a risk factor for this infection. OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of VVC and to describe the main Candida species isolated and their susceptibility to antifungal drugs in HIV-infected patients, compared to HIV-uninfected women in Salvador, Brazil. METHODS: Cross-sectional study including a group of 64 HIV-infected women and 76 uninfected women, followed up at the AIDS reference center and at the Gynecological Clinic of Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. RESULTS: Frequency of Candida spp. was higher in HIV-infected women (29.7% than in HIV-uninfected controls (14.5% (p = 0.02. The odds ratio value for vulvovaginal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients was 2.6 (95% CI: 1.07 - 6.32 p = 0.03. Candida albicans was the most commonly isolated species in both HIV-infected (52.3% and uninfected women (85.7%, followed by C. parapsolis in 17.6% and 14.3%, respectively. In HIV-infected women, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and a coinfection of C. albicans and C. glabrata were also identified. There was no significant difference between Candida species isolated from the vaginal mucosa of women with VVC and colonization of the vaginal mucosa of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women. One C. glabrata isolate from an HIV-infected patient was resistant to fluconazole and other two isolates exhibited a dose-dependent susceptibility. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm a higher frequency of Candida spp. isolated from the vaginal mucosa of HIV-infected women and a broader spectrum of species involved. Only Candida glabrata isolates showed decreased susceptibility to fluconazole.

Contradictions and paradoxes on territorial management of public parks system in Salvador, Bahia

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Angelo Serpa

2006-12-01

Full Text Available This article aims at making public parks system municipal strategies and management instruments clear in Salvador, state of Bahia/Brazil, from the analysis of the city Directing Plan of Urban and Environment Development (PDDUA, pointing out the possible contradiction and paradox between the late politics of urban re-qualification and the PDDUA determinations and directives. It analyses the spatial vegetal cover distribution and its “ecologic value” in the municipal territory and the classification of conservation unities in the city as well as the urban re-qualification politics undertaken by the municipal administrations in the two last decades. The analyses of the presented examples show that, in despite of the Directing Plan’s approach of public parks both on environmental way than in the recreation one.The last way as the directive of urban re-qualification politics of these spaces in the city prevails. At the end of the article, it is emphasized the central importance of the physical and symbolic access question and of the spatial distribution of nature public spaces for one deep academic discussion looking for other basis for the municipal territory public parks management from one critical analyses of the ideas of sustainable development and sustainability.

Transport of uranium concentrates: low specific activity versus logistic complexity; Transporte de concentrado de uranio: baixa atividade especifica versus complexidade logistica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dias, Pedro L.S.; Macedo, Eclesio F; Carvalho, Leonardo B; Carvalho, Renata R., E-mail: pedroluis@inb.gov.b, E-mail: eclesio@inb.gov.b, E-mail: leonardobernadino@inb.gov.b, E-mail: renatarangel@inb.gov.b [Industrias Nucleares do Brasil S.A., Caetite, BA (Brazil)

2011-10-26

This paper describes the case of radioactive material transport, according to pertinent documentation - nuclear material specifically in the form op ammonium diuranate, produced by Industrias Nucleares do Brasil S.A. - from the mine and physic-chemical processing at Caetite, Bahia, to the port of Salvador, state of Bahia, approaching the radiological protection aspects

Transport of uranium concentrates: low specific activity versus logistic complexity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dias, Pedro L.S.; Macedo, Eclesio F.; Carvalho, Leonardo B.; Carvalho, Renata R.

2011-01-01

This paper describes the case of radioactive material transport, according to pertinent documentation - nuclear material specifically in the form op ammonium diuranate, produced by Industrias Nucleares do Brasil S.A. - from the mine and physic-chemical processing at Caetite, Bahia, to the port of Salvador, state of Bahia, approaching the radiological protection aspects

Detecção de aglomerados espaciais de casos de neoplasia mamária em cães no município de Salvador, Bahia Detection of spatial clusters for breast cancer in canines in the city of Salvador, Bahia

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Júlia Morena de Miranda Leão Toríbio

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Os tumores mamários espontâneos representam a neoplasia mais frequente em fêmeas caninas, correspondendo aproximadamente a 50% de todas as neoplasias. A maioria dos estudos científicos restringe-se a dados pontuais sobre a doença, sem a preocupação com sua distribuição geográfica ou mesmo com a possibilidade da geração de agregados desses eventos em uma determinada área. Levando-se em consideração a lacuna de informações na literatura, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a criação de mapas temáticos da distribuição espacial das neoplasias mamárias em cadelas e a identificação de aglomerados de risco para a doença no município de Salvador, Bahia. Pela análise espacial de varredura, verificou-se que os casos de neoplasia mamária não estão homogeneamente distribuídos no município. Foi detectado um aglomerado primário estatisticamente significante (PSpontaneous mammary tumors represent the most frequent type of cancer in canines, accounting for approximately 50% of all neoplasms. The majority of scientific papers cited in the literature are limited to non refined epidemiological data, without mentioning the trend of this disease in generating clusters in a given geographical area. In this context, this research aimed to create thematic maps of spatial distribution of mammary neoplasms in bitches and to identify disease clusters for the city of Salvador, Bahia. Trough the spatial analysis scanning, it was found that cases of breast cancer is not evenly distributed in the municipality. A significant primary cluster was detected (P>0,001 covering 67.3% of the studied cases. Considering the gap in literature available in this field, it is believed that such results will become very important, especially in leading to new studies, where intrinsic and extrinsic variables regarding the animal must be taken into consideration and analyzed for factors risk identification to formulate educational plans targeting the

Inequality and School Reform in Bahia, Brazil

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Reiter, Bernd

2009-01-01

This article compares public and community schools in Salvador, the state capital of Bahia, Brazil. Based on quantitative data analysis and qualitative research conducted on-site during three research trips in 2001, 2003 and 2005, the author finds that Brazil's extreme inequality and the associated concentration of state power in a few hands stand…

O Hospital Aristides Maltez e o controle do câncer do colo do útero no Brasil

OpenAIRE

Lana, Vanessa

2014-01-01

O Hospital Aristides Maltez (HAM) foi inaugurado em 1952 na cidade de Salvador (Bahia). O hospital era uma instituição filantrópica pertencente à Liga Baiana Contra o Câncer. Centro especializado no tratamento de variados tipos de câncer, o HAM tinha sua atenção voltada prioritariamente para os cânceres femininos, principalmente o câncer do colo do útero. A instituição tornou-se referência nas ações de controle da doença na Região Nordeste do Brasil. A proposta deste artigo é analisar o proce...

Quantificação de espécies de arsênio e antimônio presentes em material particulado atmosférico da Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia

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Santos, Débora Correia dos

2012-01-01

A presença de metalóides tóxicos, como arsênio e antimônio, mesmo em baixas concentrações, presentes no material particulado atmosférico é motivo de preocupação em nível mundial nos últimos anos. Considerando esses aspectos, neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um método para determinar as concentrações de As e Sb total e As(III) e Sb(III) em amostras de material particulado atmosférico do tipo PM10 em três locais diferentes em torno da cidade de Salvador (Bahia, Brasil). Os loc...

Litogeoquímica dos granulitos ortoderivados da cidade de Salvador, Bahia

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Barbosa Júnior, Aryon de Almeida; Barbosa, Johildo Salomão Figueirêdo; Correa-Gomes, Luiz César

2010-01-01

p. 339-354 A região que compreende a cidade de Salvador é subdividida em três domínios geológicos principais:(i) a Bacia Sedimentar do Recôncavo, limitada a leste pela Falha de Salvador; (ii) a Margem Costeira Atlântica, formada por depósitos terciários e quaternários modelados por flutuações climáticas e do nível relativo do mar; e (iii) o Alto de Salvador, que representa um horst de litotipos cristalinos, metamórficos de alto e médio grau. Estudos realizados por Barbosa et al (2005...

Prevalence of behavior problems and associated factors in preschool children from the city of Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil

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Letícia M. dos Santos

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Objective:To identify the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems among preschoolers from the city of Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil, and their associations with maternal mental health and family characteristics.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of 349 children aged 49 to 72 months, randomly selected from 20,000 households representing the range of socioeconomic and environmental conditions in Salvador. In 1999, we assessed sociodemographic variables and family environment characteristics. In 2001, we used the Child Behavior Checklist to measure and describe the frequencies of behavior problems. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analysis to estimate associations between family and maternal factors and prevalence of behavior problems.Results:The overall prevalence of behavior problems was 23.5%. The prevalence of internalizing problems was 9.7%, and that of externalizing problems, 25.2%. Behavior problems were associated with several maternal mental health variables, namely: presence of at least one psychiatric diagnosis (odds radio [OR] 3.01, 95%CI 1.75-5.18, anxiety disorder (OR 2.06, 95%CI 1.20-3.46, affective disorder (OR 2.10, 95%CI 1.21-3.65, and mental health disorders due to use of psychoactive substances (OR 2.31, 95%CI 1.18-4.55.Conclusion:The observed prevalence of child behavior problems fell within the range reported in previous studies. Maternal mental health is an important risk factor for behavior problems in preschool-aged children.

Estudo anátomo-morfológico de dicotiledôneas das dunas de Salvador - Bahia: Borreria cymosa Cham. et Schl. e Chiococca brachiata R. et P. (Rubiaceae Morpho-anatomic studies of dicotiledons from Salvador - Bahia dunes: Borreria cymosa Chamo et Schl. and Chiococca brachiata R. et P. (Rubiaceae

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Elzeni Diladelfo de Gusmão

1992-07-01

Full Text Available Prosseguindo as pesquisas sobre a vegetação das Dunas do Abaeté, Salvador, Bahia, apresentam-se as Rubiaceae: Borreria cymosa e Chiococca brachiata. Cortes histológicos à mão livre, com lâminas de barbear, seguindo-se as técnicas de rotina. Estudaram-se as epidermes, mesofilo, nervura central, bordo e pecíolo. Contaram-se os estômatos por área foliar. Folhas dorsiventrais e hipoestomáticas, glabras, cutícula adaxial espessa e brilhante. Numerosas gotas lipídicas, esclereídeos no córtex do pecíolo e nervura central. Borreria: tem epiderme abaxial com paredes fortemente sinuosas e estrias epicuticulares; células incolores, subjacentes à epiderme adaxial; mesofilo com drusas e ráfides de oxolato de cálcio, bainhas de células volumosas envolvendo todos os feixes. Chiococca: epiderme de paredes curvas, cutícula formando "flanges" ao nível da nervura mediana, bordo e pecíolo. Pequenas células cheias de cloroplastos envolvem feixes menores. Clorênquima denso. Conclui-se que as plantas apresentam caracteres de adaptação ao meio xérico. As características anatômicas tanto quanto ao morfológicas individualizam os taxons.Following studies of the vegetation from the dunes of Abaeté, Salvador, Bahia, the Rubiaceae Borreria cymosa and Chiococca brachiata are described. Free hand histological were made with razor blades, following routine procedures. The epidermis, mesophyll, central nerve, margin and petiole were studied. Stomata per area of leaf were counted. Dorsiventral and hypoestomatic leaves, glabrous, adaxial cuticle heavy anda brillant. Numerous lipid droplets, sclereids in cortex of petiole and central nerve. Borreria: has abaxial epidermis with strongly sinuos walls and striated; cells colorless, subjacent to adaxial epidermis; mesophyll with druses and raphides of calcium oxalate, sheaths of volumous cells wrapping all the bundles. Chiococca: epiderm with curved walls, cuticle forming "flanges" at the level of the

José de Anchieta, o teatro e a educação dos moços do Colégio de Jesus na Bahia do século XVI

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Paulo Romualdo Hernandes

2012-12-01

Full Text Available Este estudo trata do teatro educativo jesuítico no Brasil do século XVI. Aborda o teatro deAnchieta e tem como objeto específico de pesquisa a peça “Diálogo de Pero Dias”, queteria sido apresentada no Colégio de Jesus na ciudad do Salvador, na Bahia. Um auto nafórmula de diálogo, por meio de perguntas e respostas, como o catecismo tridentino,preparadas para a catequese. Diálogo que teria como espectadores, provavelmente, oscolonos, viajantes, homens do governo, soldados, mas como alvo principal de seusensinamentos os “moços” do colégio. O objetivo deste estudo é fazer uma nova leituradessa peça de Anchieta para resgatar, a partir de uma leitura crítica baseada em Foucault,os ensinamentos que os padres jesuítas pretendiam para os “moços”, mas também paraoutras personagens sociais do Brasil do século XVI.

Fatores associados à dislipidemia em crianças e adolescentes de escolas públicas de Salvador, Bahia Factors associated with dyslipidemia in children and adolescents enrolled in public schools of Salvador, Bahia

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Osvaldo Dário de Alcântara Neto

2012-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Este estudo aborda os fatores associados a dislipidemia em crianças e adolescentes matriculados na rede pública de ensino da cidade de Salvador, BA. MÉTODOS: Os participantes foram submetidos a avaliação antropométrica, coleta de sangue para dosagem de colesterol e triglicérides. As informações relacionadas a consumo alimentar, atividade física e condições socioeconômicas e de moradia da família foram fornecidas pelos responsáveis. Regressão logistica mutivariada foi utilizada para as avaliações de interesse. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de dislipidemia encontrada no presente estudo foi de 25,5% (IC:95% 22,7; 28,3. Observou-se associação positiva e estatiticamentre significante entre dislipidemia e excesso de peso (0R = 3,40; IC95%: 2,07-5,58, moderado e alto consumo de alimentos de risco (OR = 1,49; IC95%: 1,01-2,19, baixo e moderado consumo de alimentos protetores (OR = 1,54; IC95%: 1,05-2,26 e menor nível de escolaridade materna (OR = 1,72; IC95%: 1,05-2,26. CONCLUSÃO: O excesso de peso, consumo alimentar inadequado e baixa escolaridade materna constituem fatores associados a dislipidemia.OBJECTIVE: We assessed the factors associated with dyslipidemia in children and adolescents enrolled in the public school system of the city of Salvador, Bahia. METHODS: All participants were submitted to anthropometric evaluation and to cholesterol and triglyceride blood tests. Data related to food intake, physical activity and family socioeconomic and housing conditions were obtained from parents or guardians. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 25.5% (IC:95% 22.7; 28.3. We observed a significant positive association between dyslipidemia and the following factors: overweight (OR = 3.40, 95% CI 2.07 to 5.58, moderate and high intake of risk food (OR = 1.49, 95%: 1.01 to 2.19, low and moderate intake of protective foods (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.26 and lower

La cultura de los negros esclavizados del Brasil: Arquitectura y rito en la ciudad de Salvador, Bahía

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Mônica de Souza

2012-12-01

Full Text Available El objetivo de este texto es presentar parte de la cultura, arquitectura, religión y modos de vida de Brasil a través de la historia de los africanos esclavizados que llegaron al país y sus descendientes. Este artículo plantea un vínculo entre arquitectura y rito, analizando los quilombos como refugio de los esclavos; el candomblé como rito de celebración y las fiestas religiosas como la de Nuestro Senhor do Bonfim. El texto se refiere asimismo a Salvador de Bahía y a su Barrio del Pelourinho, un lugar que resume y representa toda la cultura, el patrimonio físico e inmaterial de la cultura africana, hoy afro-brasileña.

["Where there's a woman, there's a Pap smear": the meanings assigned to cervical cancer prevention among women in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil].

Science.gov (United States)

Rico, Ana María; Iriart, Jorge Alberto Bernstein

2013-09-01

This study focuses on the meanings assigned to practices for cervical cancer prevention among women from low-income neighborhoods in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. This was a qualitative study based on content analysis of semi-structured interviews with 15 women 24 to 68 years of age. The results showed high appreciation of the Pap smear test, performed as part of routine gynecological examination (but without the patient necessarily having biomedical knowledge of its role). Besides accessibility and quality of health services, other factors influence the way the women assign meaning to cervical cancer prevention. Moral values associated with sexuality and gender influence risk perception, adoption of preventive practices, and interpretation of cervical cytology results. The ongoing practice of the Pap smear test is part of the construction of femininity, which is associated with maturity and personal responsibility for self care in a context of medicalization of the female body.

Envenenamento por Tityus stigmurus (Scorpiones; Buthidae no Estado da Bahia, Brasil Envenomation by Tityus stigmurus (Scorpiones; Buthidae in Bahia, Brazil

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Rejâne Maria Lira-da-Silva

2000-06-01

Full Text Available A presente investigação é um estudo descritivo dos aspectos clínicos dos acidentes causados pelo escorpião Tityus stigmurus no Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Foram analisados 237 casos confirmados, tratados pelo Centro de Informações Antiveneno da Bahia (CIAVE, no período de 1982-1995. O envenenamento por T. stigmurus caracterizou-se por manifestações locais: dor (94,4%, dormência (30%, edema (17,8%, eritema (17,8% e parestesia (15,6% e gerais: cefaléia (14%, vômitos (4,4% e sudorese (3,3%. A maioria dos envenenamentos (94% foi leve e todos evoluíram para cura. A ausência de letalidade, com o restabelecimento dos pacientes, inclusive casos graves, sugere a eficácia do tratamento com o antiveneno específico, apesar do veneno desta espécie não estar presente no pool de produção nacional do soro. Há necessidade de revisão dos critérios regionais nos esquemas atuais de soroterapia. Os dados apontam para a semelhança da gravidade do envenenamento por T. serrulatus, com exceção da ocorrência de óbitos e complicações sistêmicas.The present investigation is a descriptive study regarding the clinical aspects of accidents caused by the scorpion Tityus stigmurus in Bahia, Brazil. We analyzed 237 confirmed cases treated by the Antivenom Information Centre (CIAVE from 1982 to 1995. Envenomation by T. stigmurus was mainly characterized by local symptoms: pain (94.4%, dormancy (30.0%, edema (17.8%, erythema (17.8, paresthesia (15.6% and general manifestations such as headache (4.4%, vomiting (4.4% and sudoresis (3.3%. Most of the envenomation cases were mild (94% and all were successfully cured. Although T. stigmurus venom is not in the pool of anti-venom serum (SAE, the absence of lethality and benign nature of the cases suggest the efficiency of SAE. With the exception of deaths and systemic complications, envenoming gravity was similar to those of Tityus serrulatus.

Ingestão de resíduos antropogênicos por tartarugas marinhas no litoral norte do estado da Bahia, Brasil Anthropogenic debris ingestion by sea turtles in the northern coast of Bahia, Brazil

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Gustavo Rodamilans Macedo

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho descreve a presença de resíduos antropogênicos no trato digestório de tartarugas marinhas no Litoral Norte da Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas necropsias no trato digestório de 45 tartarugas marinhas encontradas mortas (Chelonia mydas n=36; Eretmochelys imbricata n=9, no período de janeiro de 2006 a outubro de 2007. Em 60% (27/45 das tartarugas necropsiadas foram encontrados resíduos, especialmente aqueles relacionados à atividade de pesca. Os resíduos encontravam-se ao longo de todo o trato gastrointestinal, com predominância no intestino grosso. A ingestão de resíduos pelas tartarugas marinhas do Litoral Norte da Bahia pode levar a debilidade e até mesmo provocar a morte destes animais.This study investigates the presence of anthropogenic debris in the digestive tract of sea turtles in the Northern Coast of Bahia, Brazil. Necropsies were performed on 45 turtles, 36 green turtles (Chelonia mydas and 9 hawksbills (Eretmochelys imbricata, found dead between january 2006 and october 2007. Debris was found in 60% of the animals, especially those related to fishing activities. Litter could be found throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract, but it was found predominantly in the large intestine (47.53%. The ingestion of debris by turtles from the Northern coast of Bahia may lead these animals to starvation, weakness and even death.

Mitrella albovittata [Gastropoda: Columbellidae]: range extension to Barbados

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Faber, M.J.

1984-01-01

Mitrella albovittata Lopes, Coelho & Cardoso, 1965, was originally described from Bahia, Salvador, Itapuã (type locality), Alagoas, Maceió and Rio de Janeiro, Cabo Frio. These three localities are all situated on the east coast of Brasil. Recently, it was found in a dredge sample collected near

Violência e mortes por causas externas

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Graciete Oliveira Vieira

2003-02-01

Full Text Available Através de um estudo ecológico caracterizou-se a violência e as mortes por causas externas em Salvador e Bahia utilizando-se dados da Fundação Nacional de Saúde-Ministério da Saúde, dos registros de mortalidade e das estimativas populacionais do IBGE. O risco de morrer por homicídio no Brasil é 3 vezes o do Estados Unidos, chegando a ser 40 vezes superior ao do Japão. Homicídio foi a primeira causa de anos potenciais de vidas perdidos (13,4% no Brasil (1997, seguido por acidentes de trânsito (10,6%. Causas externas foi a segunda causa de morte em Salvador e Bahia (1996. A violência tem raízes sócio-culturais e político-ideológicas e pode ser prevenida por ações intersetoriais e multidisciplinares.

Padroes alimentares de criancas menores de cinco anos de idade residentes na capital e em municipios da Bahia, Brasil, 1996 e 1999/2000

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Sheila Maria Alvim de Matos

2014-01-01

Full Text Available Estudo transversal com 3.817 pré-escolares, 1.770 residentes em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, e 2.047 nas áreas urbana e rural de 10 municípios baianos. Utilizou-se recordatório de 24 horas (R24h e empregou-se análise fatorial por componentes principais com objetivo de identificar e comparar os principais padrões alimentares dessas crianças. Estratificou-se a amostra por idade e área. Antes dos seis meses de vida o leite materno compôs o 2o e 3o padrões com carga positiva para crianças dos dez municípios. Para menores de 17 meses, o padrão 1 foi caracterizado por leite de vaca, farinhas e açúcares. Em áreas urbanas, pão/biscoito, arroz, feijão e carne integraram o padrão 2 aos 6-17 meses. Aos 18-23 meses, o padrão 1 apresentou carga negativa para açúcares, leite de vaca e farinhas, exceto na área rural. Frutas não fizeram parte do padrão 1 no grupo de 24 meses e mais. Observou-se baixo consumo de leite materno e pouca variação de frutas e legumes a partir dos seis meses. Tal perfil de consumo alimentar indica a necessidade de intervenções cada vez mais precoces para promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis.

Condições socioeconômicas e padrões alimentares de crianças de 4 a 11 anos: estudo SCAALA - Salvador/ Bahia The socio-economic conditions and patterns of food intake in children aged between 4 and 11 years: the SCAALA study - Salvador/ Bahia

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Silvana D'Innocenzo

2011-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: identificar os padrões alimentares de crianças e sua associação com o nível socioeconômico das famílias. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal com 1260 crianças de 4 a 11 anos, residentes em Salvador-Bahia que incluiu aplicação de um Questionário de Frequência Alimentar semi-quantitativo. Os padrões alimentares foram identificados, empregando-se análise fatorial por componentes principais. O nível socioeconômico foi avaliado por meio de um indicador socioeconômico composto. Regressão logística multivariada foi empregada. RESULTADOS: identificaram-se quatro padrões que explicaram 45,9% da variabilidade dos dados de frequência alimentar. Crianças que pertencem ao nível socioeconômico mais alto têm 1,60 vezes mais chance (pOBJECTIVE: to identify the patterns of food intake in children and the association between these and the socio-economic conditions of their families. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was carried out with 1260 children aged between 4 and 11 years, resident in the city of Salvador, in the Brazilian State of Bahia, including application of a semi-quantitative Food Intake Frequency questionnaire. The pattern of food intake of the children was assessed using factorial analysis by principal components. socio-economic level was assessed using a compound socio-economic indicator. Multivariate logistic regression was employed. RESULTS: four food groups were identified that explained 45.9% of the variability in food intake frequency data. Children from a more privileged socio-economic background were found to be 1.6 times more likely (p<0.001 to have a higher frequency of intake of food from group 1 (fruit, vegetables, pulses, cereals and sea food and 3.09 times more likely (p<0.001 to have a higher frequency of consumption of food from group 2 (milk and dairy products, ketchup/mustard/mayonnaise and chicken, compared with children from a less privileged background. The opposite was found for group 4 (processed

[Representations and experiences of obstetrician/gynecologists with legal and illegal abortion in two maternity-hospitals in Salvador da Bahia].

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De Zordo, Silvia

2012-07-01

The objective of this qualitative study, carried out in two maternity-hospitals in Salvador da Bahia, was to investigate the experience and representations of health professionals, and particularly obstetricians-gynecologists, regarding legal abortion in comparison with their representations and experience with illegal abortion. A questionnaire was distributed and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 health professionals (13 obstetricians-gynecologists) in a hospital providing legal abortion (P) and with 20 health professionals (9 obstetricians-gynecologists) in another hospital that does not provide this service (F). The factors that influence the representations and experience of abortion of most obstetricians-gynecologists and explain the high rate of conscientious objection at Hospital P were: 1- the criminalization of abortion and the fear of being denounced; 2- the stigmatization of abortion by certain religious groups and by the physicians themselves; 3- training in obstetrics and the lack of good training in the epidemiology of maternal morbidity-mortality and abortion; 4- representations on gender relations. The main factors associated with liberal attitudes were: age - under 30 and over 45 years of age - experience with high maternal mortality rates due to abortion and experience with legal abortion.

Street food and child labor: reality on the beaches of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil | Comida de rua e trabalho infantil: realidade na orla marítima de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil

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Permínio Oliveira Vidal Júnior

2017-02-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to describe the reality of children and teenagers working as street food vendors on the beaches of Salvador, and to uncover the social, economic, and sanitary aspects of their work. This cross-sectional study administered semi-structured questionnaires to 275 street food vendors under the age of 18 working on 18 city beaches. Participants’ ages ranged from 5 to 17 years old, with a mean age of 13 years. Most vendors were males (71.3%, and 94.9% attended school. The most popular foods sold were queijo coalho, acarajé, and hard-boiled quail eggs. Most vendors had poor personal hygiene, although they considered hygiene important and recognized that street foods can cause disease. Some vendors (44.7% cleaned the utensils daily. Few vendors (13.8% admitted they did not wash their hands, and the remainder claimed to wash their hands two to five times a day with water or seawater, but this practice was not observed in the field. The results of this study confirm the presence of child and adolescent labor in the street food informal labor sector and substantiates the risk of street foods to consumers’ health due to vendors’ ignorance of hygiene principles. ================================================ Caracterizar a realidade de trabalho de crianças e adolescentes inseridos no segmento de comida de rua, na orla marítima de Salvador, revelando o aspecto social, econômico e sanitário do trabalho desenvolvido pelos vendedores infanto-juvenis. Realizou-se estudo transversal, com aplicação de questionários semiestruturados, junto a 275 vendedores de comida de rua, menores de 18 anos, em 18 praias da cidade. Os participantes tinham entre 5 e 17 anos, média de 13 anos, eram predominantemente meninos (71,3% e 94,9% estudavam. Os alimentos mais vendidos compreenderam queijo coalho, acarajé e ovo de codorna cozido. A maioria dos vendedores não atendia a requisitos de higiene pessoal, embora considerassem a

Ingestão de resíduos antropogênicos por tartarugas marinhas no litoral norte do estado da Bahia, Brasil

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Macedo,Gustavo Rodamilans; Pires,Thaís Torres; Rostán,Gonzalo; Goldberg,Daphne Wrobel; Leal,Danielle Custódio; Garcez Neto,Américo Fróes; Franke,Carlos Roberto

2011-01-01

Este trabalho descreve a presença de resíduos antropogênicos no trato digestório de tartarugas marinhas no Litoral Norte da Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas necropsias no trato digestório de 45 tartarugas marinhas encontradas mortas (Chelonia mydas n=36; Eretmochelys imbricata n=9), no período de janeiro de 2006 a outubro de 2007. Em 60% (27/45) das tartarugas necropsiadas foram encontrados resíduos, especialmente aqueles relacionados à atividade de pesca. Os resíduos encontravam-se ao longo d...

Ingestão de resíduos antropogênicos por tartarugas marinhas no litoral norte do estado da Bahia, Brasil

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Macedo, Gustavo Rodamilans; Pires, Thaís Torres; Rostán, Gonzalo; Goldberg, Daphne Wrobel; Leal, Danielle Custódio; Garcez Neto, Américo Fróes; Franke, Carlos Roberto

2011-01-01

p.1938-1943 Este trabalho descreve a presença de resíduos antropogênicos no trato digestório de tartarugas marinhas no Litoral Norte da Bahia, Brasil. Foram realizadas necropsias no trato digestório de 45 tartarugas marinhas encontradas mortas (Chelonia mydas n=36; Eretmochelys imbricata n=9), no período de janeiro de 2006 a outubro de 2007. Em 60% (27/45) das tartarugas necropsiadas foram encontrados resíduos, especialmente aqueles relacionados à atividade de pesca. Os resíduos enc...

Representações e experiências sobre aborto legal e ilegal dos ginecologistas-obstetras trabalhando em dois hospitais maternidade de Salvador da Bahia Representations and experiences of obstetrician/gynecologists with legal and illegal abortion in two maternity-hospitals in Salvador da Bahia

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Silvia De Zordo

2012-07-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste estudo qualitativo, realizado em dois hospitais-maternidade de Salvador da Bahia, foi investigar a experiência e as representações do aborto legal, analisadas em contraste com as representações do aborto ilegal, dos profissionais de saúde, em particular dos ginecologistas-obstetras.Usou-se como instrumentos um questionário e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 25 profissionais de saúde (dos quais 13 ginecologistas-obstetras num hospital que oferece um serviço de aborto legal (P, e 20 profissionais de saúde (dos quais 9 ginecologistas-obstetras em outro hospital, que não oferece este serviço (F. Os fatores que mais influenciam as representações dos ginecologistas-obstetras entrevistados acerca do aborto e que explicam a alta taxa de objeção de consciencia no hospital P foram: 1- a criminalização do aborto e o medo de serem denunciados; 2- a estigmatização do aborto por certos grupos religiosos e pelos proprios médicos; 3- o treinamento em obstetrícia e a falta de uma formação boa no campo da epidemiologia da morbi-mortalidade materna e do aborto; 4- as representações acerca das relações de gênero. Os fatores principais associados à atitudes liberais foram: a idade - abaixo de 30/acima de 45 anos - a experiência com altas taxas de mortalidade materna devidas ao aborto e a experiência com o aborto legal.The objective of this qualitative study, carried out in two maternity-hospitals in Salvador da Bahia, was to investigate the experience and representations of health professionals, and particularly obstetricians-gynecologists, regarding legal abortion in comparison with their representations and experience with illegal abortion. A questionnaire was distributed and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 health professionals (13 obstetricians-gynecologists in a hospital providing legal abortion (P and with 20 health professionals (9 obstetricians-gynecologists in another hospital that does not

Social networks of men who have sex with men: a study of recruitment chains using Respondent Driven Sampling in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil

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Sandra Mara Silva Brignol

2015-11-01

Full Text Available Abstract Social and sexual contact networks between men who have sex with men (MSM play an important role in understanding the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs. In Salvador (Bahia State, Brazil, one of the cities in the survey Behavior, Attitudes, Practices, and Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis among Men Who Have Sex with Men in 10 Brazilian Cities, data were collected in 2008/2009 from a sample of 383 MSM using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS. Network analysis was used to study friendship networks and sexual partner networks. The study also focused on the association between the number of links (degree and the number of sexual partners, in addition to socio-demographic characteristics. The networks’ structure potentially facilitates HIV transmission. However, the same networks can also be used to spread messages on STI/HIV prevention, since the proximity and similarity of MSM in these networks can encourage behavior change and positive attitudes towards prevention.

Social networks of men who have sex with men: a study of recruitment chains using Respondent Driven Sampling in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil.

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Brignol, Sandra Mara Silva; Dourado, Inês; Amorim, Leila Denise; Miranda, José Garcia Vivas; Kerr, Lígia R F S

2015-11-01

Social and sexual contact networks between men who have sex with men (MSM) play an important role in understanding the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In Salvador (Bahia State, Brazil), one of the cities in the survey Behavior, Attitudes, Practices, and Prevalence of HIV and Syphilis among Men Who Have Sex with Men in 10 Brazilian Cities, data were collected in 2008/2009 from a sample of 383 MSM using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS). Network analysis was used to study friendship networks and sexual partner networks. The study also focused on the association between the number of links (degree) and the number of sexual partners, in addition to socio-demographic characteristics. The networks' structure potentially facilitates HIV transmission. However, the same networks can also be used to spread messages on STI/HIV prevention, since the proximity and similarity of MSM in these networks can encourage behavior change and positive attitudes towards prevention.

Propaganda, grafite e as representações de uma cidade negra/Advertising, graffiti, and representations of a black city

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John Finn

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Na imaginação geográfica dos Estados Unidos, o Brasil é um País de futebol, samba e biquínis. Representações do Brasil entram nos EUA através dos filtros culturais de Pelé e a Garota de Ipanema. Mas nesta visão se perde a historia intricada e complexa da raça no Brasil, especialmente na cidade do Salvador da Bahia. Mas, chegando de fora e vendo as representações raciais pela propaganda popular, nunca se imaginaria que mais de 80% dos soteropolitanos é de descendência africana. Neste artigo, contextualizarei primeiramente Salvador em termos raciais no Brasil. Então, após examinar as atuais teorias das raças e das suas representações, desconstruirei algumas das representações raciais mais chocantes e contraditórias, do ponto de vista de uma pessoa relativamente nova na Bahia. Concluirei com as observações do grafite como uma maneira popular de contestar as representações brancas dominantes numa cidade negra, através da qual as representações raciais são democratizadas nas superfícies verticais da capital baiana.In the geographical imagination of the United States, Brazil is a country of soccer, samba, and bikinis. Representations of Brazil enter the United States through the cultural filters of Pelé and the Girl from Ipanema. This view misses, however, the intricacies of Brazil’s troubled racial history, especially in the northeast city of Salvador, Bahia. Attempting to understand Salvador’s racial make-up in terms of popular visual media in the urban landscape, an outsider might never guess that more than 80% of the city’s population is of African descent. In this paper I will first contextualize Salvador in terms of race in Brazil. After briefly interrogating current thought in race and representation, I will then deconstruct some of the most shocking and contradictory representations of race in this Afro-Brazilian urban context. I conclude by wondering if much of the city’s graffiti isn’t an informal

Programa nacional de alimentação escolar: há segurança na produção de alimentos em escolas de Salvador (Bahia? National school food program: are the foods produced in the schools of Salvador (Bahia, Brazil, safe?

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Ryzia de Cassia Vieira Cardoso

2010-10-01

assess if the foods prepared in the schools of Salvador, Bahia, that participate in the National School Food Program are safe. Methods A cross-sectional study was done through the administration of forms based on the Resolução de DiretoriaColegiada nº 216/04 of the National Sanitary Surveillance Agency/Ministry of Health to a stratified sample consisting of 235 schools serviced by National School Food Program, which included the state and municipal schools of Salvador. The items assessed by the form were scored according to their risk in terms of food safety. Based on their scores, the schools were then classified into five groups according to their level of hygiene and sanitation: critical, unsatisfactory, satisfactory, good and excellent. Results In the global adequacy assessment, 57% (134 of the schools presented unsatisfactory hygiene and sanitation levels, 42.6% (100 presented satisfactory levels and 0.4% (1 presented good levels. The items that contributed most for the poor performance of many schools were grouped in the following categories: building, facilities, equipment, furniture and appliances, hygiene, piped water supply, food handlers, food preparation and exposed ready-to-eat foods. The groups that had some influence on poor performance were associated with the control of urban vectors and pests, management of wastes and raw materials, ingredients and packages. Conclusion A high level of non-conformity with the current sanitation requirements was verified, evidencing that the preparation of school foods was not entirely safe. The results indicate that corrective measures are necessary to reduce health risks and increase the efficiency of National School Food Program in the city of Salvador.

Novas ocorrências de hepáticas (Marchantiophyta para o estado da Bahia, Brasil New records of liverworts (Marchantiophyta from Bahia State, Brazil

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Emilia de Brito Valente

2006-03-01

Full Text Available Na Serra da Jibóia, foram registradas 13 espécies de novas ocorrências, sendo oito para a região Nordeste: Bazzania aurescens Spruce, Calypogeia peruviana Nees & Mont., Cephalozia crassifolia (Lindenb. & Gottsche Fulford, Lepidozia cupressina (Sw. Lindenb., Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook. S.F. Gray, Plagiochilla diversifolia Lindenb. & Gottsche, Radula kegelli Gottsche ex Steph. e Riccardia fucoidea (Sw. Schiffin., e cinco espécies referidas pela primeira vez para o Estado: Metzgeria albinea Spruce, Plagiochila gymnocalycina (Lehm. & Lindenb. Mont., P. simplex (Sw. Lindenb., Riccardia amazonica (Spruce S.W. Arnell e Symphyogyna aspera Steph. Para cada espécie são fornecidos comentários taxonômicos, ecológicos e distribuição geográfica mundial e no Brasil, além de indicação de literatura contendo descrição e ilustração. Foram realizadas ilustrações para algumas espécies.In Serra da Jibóia were recorded 13 species of new ocurrence wich are eight species from region Northeastern: Bazzania aurescens Spruce, Calypogeia peruviana Nees & Mont., Cephalozia crassifolia (Lindenb. & Gottsche Fulford, Lepidozia cupressina (Sw. Lindenb., Pallavicinia lyellii (Hook. S.F. Gray, Plagiochilla diversifolia Lindenb. & Gottsche, Radula kegelli Gottsche ex Steph. and Riccardia fucoidea (Sw. Schiffin., and five are recorded for the first time from Bahia, State: Metzgeria albinea Spruce, Plagiochila gymnocalycina (Lehm. & Lindenb. Mont., P. simplex (Sw. Lindenb., Riccardia amazonica (Spruce S.W. Arnell and Symphyogyna aspera Steph. from Bahia, State. For each specie are provided taxonomics and ecological comments, geographical general and in Brazil distribution, and indication of literature with description and ilustration. Some species were ilustrated.

Práticas de higiene em uma feira livre da cidade de Salvador (BA Hygiene practices in a street market in the city of Salvador, Bahia State

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Ana Cláudia de Sá Teles Minnaert

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Trata-se de compreender os significados das práticas de higiene dos alimentos em uma feira livre da cidade de Salvador (BA. O estudo etnográfico consegue apreender duas categorias centrais como produção simbólica das práticas higiênicas: o limpo como ordem e o sujo como desordem. Esses códigos culturais fazem correspondências com os estudos de Mary Douglas e Norbert Elias e apresentam especificidades para decifrar um mundo cotidiano em que concepções e práticas de higiene são aspectos normalizados por personagens que compartilham o espaço da feira: feirantes, consumidores, garis e fiscais municipais. O conhecimento técnico-científico e a legislação sanitária são tidos como estranhos ao sistema simbólico dos feirantes. As leis não são efetivas e não têm uma influência importante na construção das práticas higiênicas. As práticas dos fiscais municipais são coercitivas e punitivas e não consideram os valores culturais na formação de novas práticas de higiene.The main objective of this research is to understand the meaning of the practices concerning food hygiene in a street market in Salvador, the capital of Bahia State in Brazil. The ethnographic study presents two main categories for symbolic production related to hygiene practices: cleanliness as order and dirtiness as disorder. These cultural codes make correspondence with the studies of Mary Douglas and Nobert Elias. The codes present particularities to decode everyday life, in which concept and hygiene practices are aspects normalized, in daily activity, for persons who share the space of street market: vendors, consumers, street cleaners and official inspectors. The techno-scientific knowledge and sanitary legislation are strange to the symbolic system of street market vendors. The laws are ineffective and their influence is of little importance in the creation of hygiene practices. Official inspectors' attitudes are coercive and punitive and do not take

URBAN SELF-ORGANISATION IN DEPRIVED NEIGHBORHOODS: POSSIBILITIES AND LIMITS OF AUTONOMOUS COLLECTIVE ARTICULATION IN SALVADOR DA BAHIA

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Katja Hölldampf

2013-07-01

Full Text Available From a comparative point of view, the given article is concerned with the possibilities and restrictions of urban self-organization within city’s neighbourhoods. Drawing upon a qualitative comparison between the case studies Alto de Ondina and Alto da Sereia – two disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods in the southern city centre of Salvador da Bahia (Brazil – and considering the conditional framework of daily life there, the idiographic context conditions that foster and alternatively impede self-organization are to be developed on data drawn from empirical surveys. Here, the data-led interpretations reach beyond the local and regional context and offer fundamental insights into auto-centered and autonomous acts of articulation. In Brazil, participative planning processes have been the common sense for urban governance. However, participative strategies tend to stand under the sign of codetermination, whereas the principles of self-determination and auto-centered articulation of collective interests are immantently present during processes of civic self-organization. Due to the fact that self-organized communities do not fall within a defined institutional framework or existing system, they are capable to articulate their needs and interests collectively. The underlying concept of “Agora Governance” in accordance with Korff & Rothfuss (2009 offers the possibility to stimulate urban management processes in a sustainable way, bringing together the civic perspective of the “human city” and the expert perspective of the “infrastructural city” into a consensual but often highly disputed negotiation process.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis and Other Vulvovaginitis in a Population of Sexually Active Adolescents from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Rita Elizabeth Moreira Mascarenhas

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and genital candidiasis are considered the main etiologies of vulvovaginitis. Few studies estimate the prevalence of vulvovaginitis among adolescents, especially in Brazil. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and main risk factors associated with bacterial vaginosis and genital infection by C. albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis among a group of adolescents from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. One hundred sexually active adolescents followed at an adolescent gynecology clinic were included. Endocervical and vaginal samples were obtained during gynecological examination. Nugent criteria were applied for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. For Candida albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis detection, culture in Sabouraud agar plates and Papanicolaou cytology were used, respectively. The mean age of participants was 16.6±1.6 years. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 20% (95% CI 12–28 and of genital infection by Candida was 22% (95% CI 14–30. Vaginal cytology detected Trichomonas vaginalis in one patient. Alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drug use (P=0.02 and multiple lifetime partners were statistically related to bacterial vaginosis (P=0.01. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and genital candidiasis was similar to other studies carried out among adolescents worldwide.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Bacterial Vaginosis and Other Vulvovaginitis in a Population of Sexually Active Adolescents from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Moreira Mascarenhas, Rita Elizabeth; Sacramento Cunha Machado, Márcia; Borges da Costa e Silva, Bruno Fernando; Fernandes Weyll Pimentel, Rodrigo; Teixeira Ferreira, Tatiana; Silva Leoni, Fernanda Maria; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios

2012-01-01

Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and genital candidiasis are considered the main etiologies of vulvovaginitis. Few studies estimate the prevalence of vulvovaginitis among adolescents, especially in Brazil. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and main risk factors associated with bacterial vaginosis and genital infection by C. albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis among a group of adolescents from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. One hundred sexually active adolescents followed at an adolescent gynecology clinic were included. Endocervical and vaginal samples were obtained during gynecological examination. Nugent criteria were applied for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. For Candida albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis detection, culture in Sabouraud agar plates and Papanicolaou cytology were used, respectively. The mean age of participants was 16.6 ± 1.6 years. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 20% (95% CI 12–28) and of genital infection by Candida was 22% (95% CI 14–30). Vaginal cytology detected Trichomonas vaginalis in one patient. Alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drug use (P = 0.02) and multiple lifetime partners were statistically related to bacterial vaginosis (P = 0.01). The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and genital candidiasis was similar to other studies carried out among adolescents worldwide. PMID:23133306

O SINAES na universidade pública estadual: análise do processo de construção da avaliação interna na Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB SINAES en la universidad pública estadual (provincial: análisis del proceso de construcción de la evaluación interna en la Universidad del Estado (Provincia de Bahía (UNEB Sinaes at the public state university: analysis of the internal evaluation process at Bahia State University (UNEB

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Regina Lúcia Bastos Vieira

2010-09-01

Full Text Available A pesquisa qualitativa sobre a Política Pública de Avaliação da Educação Superior - o Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (SINAES - no Brasil teve dois objetivos: examinar como vem sendo construída a avaliação interna na Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB, a partir de fontes documentais e das vozes dos membros da Comissão Própria de Avaliação, das Comissões Setoriais de Avaliação e dos Gestores da administração da universidade; analisar a fala dos Gestores da Administração Superior da UNEB, membros da Comissão Própria e das Comissões Setoriais de Avaliação, sobre o processo de avaliação interna institucional sob o marco referencial do SINAES e a construção de uma cultura de avaliação na universidade. A pesquisa ocorreu no Campus I, em Salvador, Bahia Brasil, entre o segundo semestre de 2007 e o primeiro de 2008. Foram identificadas: dificuldade de comunicação; pouca formação em avaliação dos membros das Comissões e falta de apoio da administração superior à atividade avaliativa.Esta investigación cualitativa sobre la Política Pública de Evaluación de Educación Superior -Sistema Nacional de Evaluación de Educación Superior en Brasil (SINAES - tiene dos objetivos: examinar cómo la evaluación interna ha sido construida en la Universidad del Estado (Provincia de Bahía, a partir de fuentes documentales y voces de los miembros de la Comisión Propia de Evaluación, así como también de las Comisiones Sectoriales de Evaluación y de los Gestores de la Administración de la Universidad; en segundo lugar, analizar el habla de los Gestores de la Administración de la Universidad; el de los Gestores de la Administración Superior de la UNEB, miembros de la Comisión Propia y de las comisiones Sectoriales de Evaluación, sobre el proceso de evaluación interna institucional bajo el marco referencial del SINAES y de la construcción de una cultura de evaluación en la Universidad. La

REGINALDO, Lucilene. Os Rosários dos Angolas: Irmandades de africanos e crioulos na Bahia setecentista.

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Ênio José da Costa Brito

2013-06-01

Full Text Available Os Rosários dos Angolas realiza um estudo da Irmandade de Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Pretos das Portas do Carmo( Bahia A novidade do estudo está nos subsidios coletados na Africa, Portugal e Brasil , no resgate da presença banto na Bahia e na abertura para um dialogo das cosmovisões banto e cristã.REGINALDO, Lucilene. Os Rosários dos Angolas: Irmandades de africanos e crioulos na Bahia setecentista. São Paulo: Alameda, 2011. 416p. ISBN 978-85-7939-082-1 

Spittlebug Cephisus siccifolius damaging eucalypt plants in the State of Bahia, Brazil Cigarrinha-de-espuma Cephisus siccifolius em plantio de eucalipto clonal no Estado da Bahia, Brasil

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Genésio Tâmara Ribeiro

2005-07-01

Full Text Available Most common pests of eucalyptus plants in Brazil are leaf cutting ants and defoliating caterpillars. Other groups, eventually, feeding on eucalyptus include Heteroptera and cicadas. The objectives of this work were to identify and to describe attack symptoms of Cephisus siccifolius (Walker 1851 (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae on eucalyptus trees in a stand of 25.77 hectares in the State of Bahia, Brazil, where 99.3% of them were attacked by this spittlebug. Damage was more severe on branches and leaves. Tree death was, relatively, low while those cut showed 4.7 colonies of this spittlebug with 21.9 nymphs per colony. Cultural control with the removal of trees attacked was recommended.Os insetos-praga mais comuns em plantios de eucalipto no Brasil são formigas cortadeiras e lagartas desfolhadoras. Eventualmente, outros insetos como percevejos e cigarrinhas podem danificar essas plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar e descrever os sintomas de ataque, em um plantio de eucalipto de 25,77 hectares, no Estado da Bahia, onde 99,3% das árvores tinham sido atacadas pela cigarrinha-de-espuma Cephisus siccifolius (Walker 1851 (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae. Os danos foram maiores em galhos e folhas. A mortalidade de árvores foi baixa, apesar de se observar 4,7 colônias de cigarrinhas por árvore, com 21,9 ninfas por colônia. O corte das árvores infestadas foi recomendado como controle.

Do GIZ ao AVA: a importância de um centro virtual de ensino de língua e cultura hispano-americana para discentes da rede pública de ensino da cidade de Salvador-Bahia

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Elissandro dos Santos Santana

2013-01-01

Este trabalho é fruto de um projeto de intervenção e de lei em torno das contribuições de um Centro Virtual de Ensino Língua e Cultura Hispano-americana para discentes da rede pública de ensino da cidade do Salvador, Bahia. Para tanto, optou-se por uma pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio do levantamento de fontes primárias e secundárias, com vistas à fundamentação necessária para a consubstanciação de um plano de caráter interventivo que culminou em um trabalho de conclusão de especialização em ...

Câncer do pênis: estudo da sua patologia geográfica no Estado da Bahia, Brasil Cancer of the penis: a study in pathological geography in Bahia State, Brazil

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Aryon de Almeida Barbosa Júnior

1984-12-01

Full Text Available Foram estudados 811 pacientes com o diagnóstico histológico de câncer do pênis, procedentes do Estado da Bahia, Brasil, entre 1952 e 1983. Cinqüenta por cento dos pacientes tinham entre 46 e 61 anos de idade. Cerca de 80% de todos os pacientes eram procedentes das regiões interioranas do Estado. A mesorregião do Leste Baiano foi a que apresentou freqüência mais elevada, principalmente as microrregiões do Recôncavo Baiano, Jequié, Feira de Santana e Serrinha. O lapso de tempo entre o aparecimentos da primeira lesão e o diagnóstico foi maior do que três meses em mais de 80% dos casos. Fimose foi a principal condição associada, estando presente em 63% dos casos. A prática sistemática da circuncisão na infância é meio eficaz de prevenção da doença, e deve ser estimulada.A study of 811 patients from Bahia State with histological cancer of the pênis is presented. Fifty per cent of the tumors were observed in persons of between 46 and 61 years of age. Nearly 80% of the penile cancer patients came from rural areas. The greatest number of patients came from the Eastern region of Bahia, notably from de Recôncavo Baiano, Jequié, Feira de Santana and Serrinha. More than 80% of the cases sought medical advice for the first time three months or more after the appearance of the initial lesion. Sixty-three per cent had pre-existing phimosis. The systematic practice of circuncision during infancy constitutes an effective prophylatic measure and should be encouraged.

O caso do frei Manuel da Madre de Deus: notas sobre um processo eclesiástico na Bahia do século XVIII Father Manuel da Madre de Deus: case notes on an ecclesiastic process in XVIII century, Bahia/Brazil

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Roberto da Silva Ribeiro

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Frei Manuel da Madre de Deus Bulhões nasceu em Salvador, em 1673 e morreu em data posterior a 1742. Foi procurador geral do Carmo em Lisboa e vigário geral da Vigaria do Carmo da Bahia e Pernambuco. Em 1727 é acusado de diversos crimes. Foi o caso julgado a pedido do visitador geral de Lisboa, em primeira instância no convento carmelita da Bahia. Foi frei Manuel acusado de viver em concubinato com a viúva Helena de Lima, violar o voto de pobreza ao obter lucros com um engenho na ilha das Fontes e mandar matar Manuel Guedes de Brito e seu escravo. Frei Manuel foge de seu convento e entra com recursos contra a condenação. Em 1739 é absolvido e é reinvestido de suas prerrogativas.Father Manuel da Madre de Deus Bulhões was born in Salvador, Brazil, in 1673 and dead after 1742. He was general procurator of Carmel Order in Lisbon and general father of Vigaria of Carmel on Bahia and Pernambuco. In 1727 he was accused of several crimes. The case was judged by petition of general visitator of Lisbon, on first instance on Carmel’s convent of Bahia. Father Manuel was accused to live in concubinate with the widow Helena de Lima, to abandon the vow of poverty when he obtained profits with a engenho on Ilha das Fontes and to kill Manuel Guedes de Brito and his slave. Father Manuel runway from his convent and applied against his condemnation. In 1739 he was absolved and got again his prerogatives.

Diptera, Muscidae, Cariocamyia maculosa Snyder: Primeiro Registro para o Nordeste do Brasil

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Thayana Monteiro; Freddy Ruben Bravo

2011-01-01

Cariocamyia maculosa Snyder, é um Muscidae com registros para a Colômbia e Brasil (regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro-Oeste). Em um levantamento de dípteros saprófagos na cidade de Feira de Santana no estado da Bahia com iscas de origem orgânico animal em putrefação, foram coletados 46 espécimes de C. maculosa. Esse é o primeiro registro da espécie para a Bahia e Nordeste do Brasil. Apesar de C. maculosa ter sido encontrada...

Salvador na "Globalização

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Edgard Porto

2001-05-01

Full Text Available El texto sitúa la ciudad de Salvador-Bahía, tercera en población de Brasil, en el contexto de los impactos de la globalización. Desde la década de 1950 hasta la de 1970, Salvador se destacó de las demás ciudades del Nordeste de Brasil experimentando un rápido crecimento gracias a los incentivos y subsidios fiscales y financieros del gobierno federal. El crecimiento de la Región y ciudades fue desigual y abrupto, sobre todo Salvador, que abrió espacios internos para expandir y descentralizarse. Todavía, a partir de los años 80 y 90, con la reestruturación productiva y el neoliberalismo, que definen los terminos de la globalización, el proceso se invirtió. El espacio metropolitano se contrajo, económica y socialmente, con un aumento desmesurado de desempleados y sub-empreados, intensificando de esa forma el proceso de segregación y exclusión social. En contraposición, algunas «islas de modernidad» pasaron a conectarse, a partir de sus cada vez más reducidas y cada vez más ricas actividades económicas -el turismo, antes y encima de todo-, a puntos y espacios nacionales y, mayoritariamente, internacionales, mucho más de que a espacios y flujos internosThe following paper sets the city of Salvador-Bahía, Brazil´s third most populated city, in context with the effects of globalization. Between the 1950’s and 1970’s, Brazil’s northeastern region experienced fast economic growth due to federal financial and fiscal incentives. This sudden process occurred unevenly at regional and city levels, especially for Salvador that released internal areas to expand and decentralize itself. However, during the 1980’s and 1990’s this process was reversed due to neoliberalism and productive restructuring. These are the elements that define in what terms globalization sets in. Consequently, the economic and social spaces of the metropolitan area contracted, increasing the number of unemployed and under-employed people, and

Manuais de ensino de lingua portuguesa na Província da Bahia no século XIX

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Emília Helena Portella Monteiro de Souza

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo se insere no campo de pesquisa sobre a língua portuguesa e a escolarização em perspectiva histórica. Dialoga-se com os estudos da história da cultura escrita no Brasil e com a constituição histórica do português brasileiro na formação das normas cultas. Tem-se, como objetivos, apresentar os manuais didáticos que circularam nas escolas baianas, em especial nas primárias, na segunda metade do século XIX, e proceder a considerações sobre duas gramáticas dirigidas à escola primária, na Bahia: a de Bernardino Martagão, (1880, e a de Hilário Ribeiro (1907 [1882]. Essas considerações devem evidenciar como a escola se relacionou com os padrões normativos em voga no século XIX. Do ponto de vista metodológico, parte-se de um corpus já constituído, como parte do projeto de pesquisa. Os manuais didáticos, objetos de investigação, foram inventariados em bibliotecas de Salvador-Ba, e em documentos oficiais da época.

Evolução da mortalidade por câncer cérvico-uterino em Salvador - BA, 1979-1997 Evolution of the mortality for cervico-uterine cancer in Salvador - BA, 1979-1997

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Susanne Andrade Derossi

2000-12-01

Full Text Available O câncer cérvico-uterino, quando diagnosticado e tratado precocemente, constitui-se em uma causa de morte perfeitamente evitável. Entretanto, no Brasil, a mortalidade por esta causa ainda é elevada, persistindo como problema de saúde pública. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a evolução da mortalidade e estimar os anos potenciais e produtivos de vida perdidos por esta neoplasia, em Salvador-Bahia, entre 1979 e 1997. Trata-se de um estudo de agregados de série temporal, no qual foram considerados todos os óbitos de mulheres com idade igual ou superior a 20 anos, que tiveram como causa básica de morte o câncer de colo uterino e de porção não especificada do útero. Utilizou-se como fontes de dados o CD ROM: DATA SUS/ MS, o IBGE e a Secretaria de Saúde do Estado da Bahia/SESAB. Os indicadores empregados foram as taxas de mortalidade específicas por idade, brutas e padronizadas por idade. Houve um decréscimo de 50,6% na taxa padronizada de mortalidade por este tipo de câncer, no período analisado, cujos valores variaram de 17,6/100.000 mulheres em 1979 a 8,7 em 1997. Observou-se ainda que o risco de morte por esta causa cresce à medida que aumenta a idade e que a sua magnitude torna-se mais expressiva a partir de 40 anos. A variação da média de anos potenciais de vida perdidos por mulher foi de 15,5 no ano de 1986 a 20,4 em 1980. Os autores concluem que a mortalidade por câncer cérvico-uterino neste município ainda é alta e discutem os possíveis fatores determinantes da evolução desta mortalidade. Destacam a necessidade de ações efetivas na prevenção da morbi-mortalidade por esta causa.When early diagnosed and treated, cervical cancer is a perfectly avoidable cause of death. In Brazil, however, mortality from cervical cancer is still high and remains a public health problem. This study is aimed at both describing the evolution of such mortality and estimating the potential and productive years of life lost due

Estuarine and marine brachyuran crabs (Crustácea: Decapoda from Bahía, Brazil: checklist and zoogeographical considerations Cangrejos braquiuros estuarinos y marinos (Crustácea: Decapoda de Bahia, Brasil: lista de especies y consideraciones zoogeográficas

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Alexandre O. de Almeida

2008-01-01

Full Text Available The coast of the state of Bahia in eastern Brazil comprises more than 12% of tire entire Brazilian coast. However, the crustacean fauna of this area still remains poorly known, especially the shallow-water fauna. We provide here a list of 162 brachyuran crustaceans known for the Bahia coast, based on published records as well as material deposited in the Carcinological Collection of the Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia. The list includes estuarine and marine species (from coastal beaches to the continental shelf and slope that have been reported at least once in the study area. Regarding longitudinal distribution patterns, five species are circum-tropical, nine are amphi-Atlantic, and two are amphi-American. The portunid Charybdis hellerii (A. Milne-Edwards, 1867 is an introduced Indo-West Pacific species. The remaining 145 species are native to the western Atlantic; 17 of these are endemic to Brazil. A total of 46 species (28.4% have the southernmost limit of their known ranges in the western Atlantic between Bahia and the state of Rio de Janeiro, which suggests, for this group, the existence of a wide transition area between the Brazilian and Paulista zoogeographic provinces. Finally, two small range extensions in the western Atlantic are reported: the hymenosomatid Elamena gordonae Monod, 1956 from Camamu Bay (13°54'14"S to Nova Vicosa (17°53'00.9"S, and the sesarmid Sesarma curaçãoense De Man, 1892 from Ilhéus (15°04'58.6"S to Mucuri (18°05'38'S.La costa del Estado de Bahia, situado en el este de Brasil, comprende más del 12% de la costa brasileña. Sin embargo, la fauna de crustáceos de esta area aún se encuentra pobremente conocida, sobretodo aquella de aguas someras. Se presenta una lista de 162 especies de crustáceos braquiuros conocidos de esta costa, en base a registros publicados y al material depositado en la Colección Carcinológica de la Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia. La lista

Spatial distribution of triatomines (Reduviidae: Triatominae in urban areas of the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Karine de Souza O. Santana

2011-05-01

Full Text Available Environmental changes have a strong influence on the emergence and/or reemergence of infectious diseases. The city of Salvador, Brazil -currently the focus of a housing boom linked to massive deforestation- is an example in point as the destruction of the remaining areas of the Atlantic Forest around the city has led to an increased risk for Chagas disease. Human domiciles have been invaded by the triatomine vectors of Trypansoma cruzi, the flagellate protozoan causing Chagas disease, a problem of particular concern in urban/suburban areas of the city such as the Patamares sector in the north-east, where numbers of both the vector and human cases of the disease have increased lately. To control and prevent further deterioration of the situation, the control programme for Chagas disease, developed by the Bahia Center for Zoonosis Control, has divided the area into a grid of designated surveillance units (ZIs that are subjected to vector examination. In six out of 98 of these ZIs, 988 triatomes were collected and georeferenced during the 3-year period between 2006 and 2009. The hottest months, that are also generally the driest, showed the highest numbers of triatomines with Triatoma tibiamaculata being the predominant species (98.3% with Panstrongylus geniculatus present only occasionally (0.6%. Fifty-four percent of all triatomines captured were found inside the homes, and 48.6% out of 479 individuals in the affected ZIs selected for analysis tested positive for T. cruzi infection. The study presented here is a pioneering initiative to map the spatial distribution of triatomines based on geographical information systems with the additional aim of contributing to an expanded knowledge-base about T. cruzi and its vectors in urban areas and raise public health awareness of the risks involved.

População e migrações no Brasil: migrações interestaduais de retorno na Bahia no período 2000-2010

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Andrade, Maria da Conceição Borges

2016-01-01

As migrações de retorno no Brasil, inseridas na perspectiva da Geografia da População, revelam formalmente as questões histórico-estruturais do contexto nacional e os dinâmicos processos socioeconômicos que ocorrem nas diversas escalas territoriais. Durante décadas, o Estado da Bahia se notabilizou como um dos principais reservatórios de força de trabalho do País suprindo as atividades econômicas desenvolvidas pela região Sudeste e se caracterizando como uma área de emigração inter-regional. ...

Evolução dos acidentes de trânsito em um grande centro urbano, 1991-2000

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Oliveira, Zenaide Calazans de; Mota, Eduardo Luiz Andrade; Costa, Maria da Conceição Nascimento

2008-01-01

p. 364-372, fev, 2008 Este estudo descreve a evolução dos acidentes de trânsito Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, entre 1991 e 2000, utilizando- se dados do Departamento Estadual de Trânsito do Estado da Bahia. Calculou-se taxas globais dos acidentes de trânsito, vítimas e taxas padronizadas de mortalidade por habitante e por veículos, e comparou-se médias destes indicadores para antes (1991 a 1994) e após (1995 a 2000) a adoção de medidas de intervenção como o uso do cinto de segurança e o Código ...

Trap-nests used by Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Centridini) at secondary Atlantic Forest fragments, in Salvador, Bahia State

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Drummmont, Patricia; Viana, Blandina F.; Silva, Fabiana O. da

2008-01-01

Ninety-five nests of Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith were collected in trap nests, during November/2001 and January/2003, at two fragments (PZGV e CFO-UFBA) of secondary Atlantic Forest, in Salvador, Bahia State (13 deg 01' W and 38 deg 30' S). The highest nest frequencies occurred from December to February (summer), with no nests foundations from August to October (winter - early spring). Two-hundred eight adults emerged from 347 brood cells, being 164 males and 116 females (1: 0.42). During the study period sex ratio was male biased (χ 2 = 9.342; gl = 10; P < 0.05). C. terminata nested in holes with diameters 6, 8, 10 mm, but 84,2% were constructed in 8 and 10 mm. nests had one to seven cells arranged in a linear series with the cell's partitions built with a mixture of sand and resin or oil. Male is significantly smaller than female, which emerges from the first cells constructed. Immature mortality occurred in 14.1% of brood cells (n 49), of which 13.0% were due fail in development and 1.2% due to parasitism of Coelioxys sp. (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) e Tetraonyx sp. (Coleoptera: Meloidae). In the study site, weather, mainly pluviosity, rather than natural enemies influenced seasonal population abundance. The long period of nesting activity, local abundance and usage of trap nests, suggest the potential of C. terminata for management aiming at pollination of native and cultivated plants. (author)

GERENCIAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS DE PELÍCULAS DE CHUMBO DE SERVIÇOS ODONTOLÓGICOS EM SALVADOR, BAHIA.

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Leonardo Lordelo Sampaio

2014-09-01

Full Text Available O gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em serviços de saúde representa um procedimento relacionado à responsabilidade sanitária e ambiental. Em Odontologia, muitos materiais, após o seu uso, por vezes, podem ser descartados e destinados no meio ambiente. Dentre eles, destaca-se o chumbo, presente, principalmente, nas películas radiográficas. O objetivo deste artigo foi apresentar os resultados da pesquisa realizada, sobre a caracterização e avaliação do gerenciamento dos resíduos de chumbo gerados pelos serviços odontológicos em Salvador, Bahia, Como procedimentos metodológicos, foram utilizados: questionário no qual se observou uma fragilidade quanto ao gerenciamento desses resíduos perigosos, relatos de dentistas e visita técnica à principal unidade de tratamento desses resíduos coletados, citados pelos dentistas. Os principais achados dizem respeito ao fluxo de destinação desses resíduos e às diferenças de caracterização entre o ciclo praticado no gerenciamento do descarte das películas de chumbo, nos serviços odontológicos, e o que é preconizado na literatura e legislação quanto à gestão de resíduos perigosos. Os resultados sugerem, em termos gerais, que uma parte do descarte desse tipo de resíduo tem uma destinação inadequada no meio ambiente. Outra parte está sendo destinada na utilização do chumbo para confecção de bijuterias e chumbada de anzóis, e em manejo duvidoso por catadores de materiais recicláveis e recolhimento por empresa especializada para o processo de incineração.

Infraestrutura de biossegurança para agentes biológicos em hospitais do sul do Estado da Bahia, Brasil Infraesctructura de bioseguridad para los agentes biológicos en hospitales del sur del Estado de Bahia, Brasil Biosecurity infrastructure for biological agents in hospitals from the south of Bahia State, Brazil

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Maridalva de Souza Penteado

2010-10-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do estudo foi descrever a infraestrutura de biossegurança em hospitais localizados na Região Sul do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo-exploratório realizado em comissões de controle de infecções hospitalares e comissão institucional de prevenção a acidentes quanto à existência de normas escritas, realização de treinamentos para essas mesmas preconizações, existência de registros institucionais concernentes à biossegurança e existência de práticas de atenção à saúde dos profissionais e isolamentos de pacientes. Os hospitais são comparados segundo a presença de cada um dos itens analisados de acordo com sua classificação por porte, vinculação jurídico-financeira, dentre outras. Conclui-se que a situação geral é precária quanto à presença dos itens investigados, o que impele a considerar a necessidade de que se leve em conta, numa análise de qualidade hospitalar, também o cuidado com a vida dos seus trabalhadores.El objetivo del estudio fue describir la infraestructura de bioseguridad en hospitales de la Región Sur del Estado de Bahia, Brasil. Fue realizada una investigación descriptiva-exploratória en las comisiones de control de infecciones hospitalarios y en las comisiónes institucionales de prevención de accidentes sobre la existencia de normas escritas, la realización de entrenamientos para esas mismas preconizaciones, la existencia de registros institucionales concernientes a la bioseguridad, la existencia de practicas de atención a la salud de los profesionales y apartamiento de pacientes. Los hospitales son son comparados según la presencia de cada uno de los itens analizados en conformidad con su porte, vinculación jurídico financiera, entre otras. Se concluye que la situación general es precaria cuanto a la presencia de los itens investigados, lo que lleva a considerar la necesidad de que se lleve en cuenta, la análisis de la calidad hospitalario, tambi

Trabalho e síndrome da estafa profissional (Síndrome de Burnout em médicos intensivistas de Salvador Professional Burnout Syndrome among intensive care physicians in Salvador, Brazil

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Márcia Oliveira Staffa Tironi

2009-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout em médicos intensivistas de Salvador, associando-a a dados demográficos e aspectos da situação de trabalho (demanda psicológica e controle sobre o trabalho. MÉTODOS: Um estudo de corte transversal investigou a associação entre aspectos psicossocias do trabalho e a síndrome da estafa profissional em uma população de 297 médicos intensivistas de Salvador, Bahia. Um questionário individual autoaplicável avaliou aspectos psicossociais do trabalho, utilizando o modelo demanda-controle (Job Content Questionnaire e a saúde mental dos médicos, usando Inventário de Burnout de Maslach (MBI. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se elevada sobrecarga de trabalho e de trabalho em regime de plantão. A prevalência da Síndrome da Estafa Profissional (Burnout foi de 7,4% e estava mais fortemente associada com aspectos da demanda psicológica do trabalho do que com o controle deste por parte dos médicos intensivistas. CONCLUSÃO: Médicos com trabalho de alta exigência (alta demanda e baixo controle apresentaram 10,2 vezes mais burnout que aqueles com trabalho de baixa exigência (baixa demanda e alto controle.OBJECTIVE: Describe prevalence of the Burnout syndrome in intensive care physicians of Salvador, associated to demographic data and aspects of the work environment (psychological demand and job control. METHODS: This cross sectional study has investigated the association between work conditions and Burnout Syndrome in a population of 297 Intensive Care Physicians from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. An individual, self-report questionnaire evaluated the physicians' psychological aspects of work, using the demand-control model (Job Content Questionnaire and their mental health, using the Maslash Burnout Inventory (MBI. RESULTS: The study found work overload,a high proportion of on duty physicians and low income for the hours worked. Prevalence of the Burnout Syndrome was 7.4% and it was more closely

Factors associated with non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy in adults with AIDS in the first six months of treatment in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil.

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Silva, José Adriano Góes; Dourado, Inês; Brito, Ana Maria de; Silva, Carlos Alberto Lima da

2015-06-01

The control of viral replication is essential in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and adherence to therapy is instrumental for such control. Individual and external factors influence adhesion to the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. This is a cross-sectional study to investigate factors associated with non-adherence to HAART in AIDS patients in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, with age ≥ 13 years and first prescription in 2009. Data was collected from patient charts and pharmacy records. From a total of 216 patients, 65.3% were males; mean age 37.8 ± 9.5 years; single, 67.9%; heterosexual, 64%; more than 8 years of school education, 65.3%; alcohol users, 61.5%; non-smokers, 75,1% or non-illicit drug users, 93.7%. A proportion of 94% started ARV therapy with TCD4+ drug reaction. The prevalence of non-adherence was 25%. The variables associated were: longer time between HIV infection and AIDS (aOR = 3.9), adverse drug reaction (aOR = 2.4), under 34 years of age (aOR = 2.2), less than 8 years of school education (aOR = 2.2) and illicit drugs use (aOR = 2.6). A high-non-adherence rate is an important problem within the first six months of HAART.

A implantação do projeto de atendimento Móvel de Urgência em Salvador/BA: panorama e desafios La implantación del proyecto de Atención de Urgencia Móvil en Salvador/BAHIA: panorama y retos Implantation of the Emergency Ambulance Service in Salvador, Bahia: reality and challenges

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Célia Maria Sales Vieira

2008-12-01

retos en la dinámica y calidad de la atención: educación comunitaria, capacitación profesional, evaluación de recursos humanos y materiales.The goal of this study was to describe the implementation of the emergency ambulance service of Salvador, Bahia (SAMU-192. The Ministry of Health provided the legal basis and regulations for its implementation. The main purpose of this service is the provision of free primary level healthcare to individuals, with clinical, surgical, traumatic and psychiatric aggravations that cause suffering, sequels or death and occur outside the hospital environment. The specific goals of SAMU-192 was to grant free healthcare to urgency and emergency situations, under the hierarchy and regulations of the Single Health System (SUS of the Brazilian government, assuring that public resources will be available and integrated to the complementary healthcare network. Investments for the installation of the service were agreed on in the city and with federal and state management commissions. To turn SAMU-192 into reality, several challenges need to be accomplished, including community education, professional qualification and evaluation of human and material resources so as to provide basic emergency care with the appropriate quality.

Prevalência de adiposidade abdominal em adultos de São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, Brasil, 2010

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Luciana Carneiro de Oliveira

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: estimar a prevalência de adiposidade abdominal e identificar fatores associados em adultos no município de São Francisco do Conde, estado da Bahia, Brasil. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal com amostra aleatória de 456 indivíduos com idade igual e superior a 18 anos, cadastrados na Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de São Francisco do Conde-BA em 2010; a presença de adiposidade abdominal foi determinada pela aferição da circunferência da cintura. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de adiposidade abdominal foi de 62,1%; nas mulheres, essa prevalência foi de 76,9% e esteve associada com maior idade (mais de 24 anos e ter mais de três filhos; nos homens, a prevalência foi de 32,9%, superior entre aqueles que referiram nunca terem fumado ou serem ex-fumantes; também foi observada associação entre adiposidade abdominal e hipertensão arterial sistêmica, em ambos os sexos. CONCLUSÃO: observou-se elevada prevalência de adiposidade abdominal, especialmente em mulheres.

Evolução dos acidentes de trânsito em um grande centro urbano, 1991-2000

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Oliveira,Zenaide Calazans de; Mota,Eduardo Luiz Andrade; Costa,Maria da Conceição N.

2008-01-01

Este estudo descreve a evolução dos acidentes de trânsito em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, entre 1991 e 2000, utilizando-se dados do Departamento Estadual de Trânsito do Estado da Bahia. Calculou-se taxas globais dos acidentes de trânsito, vítimas e taxas padronizadas de mortalidade por habitante e por veículos, e comparou-se médias destes indicadores para antes (1991 a 1994) e após (1995 a 2000) a adoção de medidas de intervenção como o uso do cinto de segurança e o Código Nacional de Trânsito. A...

Ciclo reproductivo del ostión de manglar Crassostrea rhizophorae (Bivalvia: Ostreidae en la Bahía de Camamu, Bahia, Brasil

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Tiago Lenz

2011-03-01

Full Text Available El ostión de manglar es un importante recurso pesquero que se distribuye por toda la costa brasileña y una de las especies nativas con mayor potencial para maricultura. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las características reproductivas del ostión de manglar Crassostrea rhizophorae en el estero del Río Maraú, Bahía de Camamu, Bahia, Brasil. Las muestras fueran recolectadas mensualmente, entre agosto de 2006 y septiembre de 2007, en dos sitios. Las metodologías utilizadas fueron el análisis histológico de las gónadas y el cálculo de rendimiento de carne. La temperatura del agua durante el período de estudio varió de 23.5°C a 30°C y la salinidad osciló entre 15 y 35ups. La altura de los ostiones examinados varió de 27 a 102mm (n=437. Hubo predominancia de hembras en las poblaciones de ambos sitios. Los análisis de estadios gonádicos demostraron que el proceso de reproducción de C. rhizophorae en el estero del Río Maraú es continuo durante el año, sin período de reposo sexual. El rendimiento de carne (R fue de 8.0% a 17.7% (n=669. Los resultados de este estudio proveen informaciones para la captación de semilla e implantación de la ostricultura en la Bahía de Camamu.Reproductive cycle of the mangrove oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae (Bivalvia: Ostreidae in Camamu Bay, Bahia, Brasil. The mangrove oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae is important fishery resource along the entire Brasilian coast with excellent potential for marine culture. The purpose of this paper was to examine the reproductive characteristics of the oyster of the Maraú river estuary in Camamu Bay, Bahia, Brasil. The samples were collected monthly, from September 2006 to August 2007, at two points (I and II in Camamu Bay. At each site 20 oysters were collected for histological analysis, fixed in Davidson’s solution, embedded in paraffin, dehydrated in an ethanol series, sectioned (7μm thick and stained with Harris hematoxylin and Eosin (HE

Utilization of geophysical nuclear methods on apatite mines from Gaviao and gold from Jacobina mountain - Bahia, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Barreto, P.T.

1974-01-01

This thesis is part of the sub-project Analysis of Rocks and Minerals by Gamma-Spectrometry of the Program of Research and Postgraduation in Geophysics of the Federal University of Bahia. It presents: 1) the results of preliminary radio-geological surveying in Cenozoic, Mesozoic and Pre-Cambrian lands between the cities of Salvador and Miguel Calmon; detailed radiogeological works in two radioactive anomalous areas: Gaviao at Riachao de Jacuipe town, and Canavieiras mine and vicinities at Jacobina town, state of Bahia. The combined results of field gamma-ray survey, gamma-spectrometry accomplished at laboratory from samples, petrographical and mineralogical studies led to the correlation between apatita mineralization with thorium, and Gold with uranium in the Comglomerates of Serra do Corrego formation giving the possibilities in both cases of making the prospection and exploration by the cintilometry. (author)

Rational Consumption of Water in Administrative Public Buildings: The Experience of the Bahia Administrative Center, Brazil

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Samara Fernanda da Silva

2014-08-01

Full Text Available The government has to lead, by example, the effort for more rational water use. Nevertheless, public buildings in countries like Brazil lack the operational and maintenance organization necessary to induce better environmental practices. This paper presents the results of a five-year effort to control and reduce water use in governmental facilities in Salvador, Bahia. Seventeen state government headquarters in Bahia took part in this initiative. The basic actions taken include: daily monitoring and analysis of water consumption, inspections and adjustments of hydraulic equipment flow, rapid repair of leaks and layout improvements in toilets. All of these are part of the main initiative, which aims to implement water management in the facilities. Ecoteams were created and trained to conduct these efforts. Water control, consumption analysis and communication have been made using AGUAPURA VIANET, an Internet software designed by the Federal University of Bahia for this specific purpose. From June 2008, to December 2013, an estimated 270,000 m3 of potable water have been saved, which represents US$ 2.7 million in water and waste water costs. This represents a monthly savings of 31% in expenses compared to the practices before the program started.

Impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall on water quality in the coastal zone of Salvador (Bahia, Brazil)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Roth, F.; Lessa, G.C.; Wild, C.; Kikuchi, R.K.P.; Naumann, M.S.

2016-01-01

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of suspended particulate organic matter and seawater biological oxygen demand (BOD) were measured along a coastal transect during summer 2015 to investigate pollution impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall close to Salvador, Brazil. Impacts of untreated sewage discharge were evident at the outfall site by depleted δ 13 C org and δ 15 N signatures and 4-fold increased BOD rates. Pollution effects of a sewage plume were detectable for more than 6 km downstream from the outfall site, as seasonal wind- and tide-driven shelf hydrodynamics facilitated its advective transport into near-shore waters. There, sewage pollution was detectable at recreational beaches by depleted stable isotope signatures and elevated BOD rates at high tides, suggesting high bacterial activity and increased infection risk by human pathogens. These findings indicate the urgent necessity for appropriate wastewater treatment in Salvador to achieve acceptable standards for released effluents and coastal zone water quality. - Highlights: •Pollution by untreated sewage discharge is evident at the outfall and in Salvador's coastal zone. •Seasonal wind- and tide-driven surface currents control advective transport of discharged sewage. •Water quality at Salvador's recreational beaches is impacted by a plume of untreated sewage.

The use of ethanol in the bus in public transport system of Salvador (Bahia): environmental benefits; O uso de onibus a etanol no sistema de transporte publico de Salvador (Bahia): beneficios ambientais

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carvalho, Alberto Rodamilans Freire de; Lopo, Luciene Matos; Pereira, Osvaldo Livio Soliano [Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), BA (Brazil)

2008-07-01

This article makes an initial approach on the environmental benefits, the replacement of diesel vehicles to the public transportation system in Salvador by cars to ethanol and natural gas. It also makes an approach on reducing the emission of pollutants like carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and particulate material, and estimates the environmental benefit caused by the reduction of the emission of pollutants. (author)

Conflitos socioambientais: o caso da carcinicultura no complexo estuarino Caravelas - Nova Viçosa/Bahia-Brasil

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Henrique Machado Dias

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o contexto de um conflito socioambiental no município de Caravelas, extremo sul da Bahia/Brasil, a partir da proposta de implantação do que seria o maior empreendimento de produção de camarão exótico do país, em importante região socioeconômica e ambiental associada ao banco coralíneo dos Abrolhos. Parte do pressuposto de que a carência de políticas públicas definidoras dos parâmetros decisórios do financiamento de projetos de carcinicultura tem permitido que empreendimentos sejam implantados desequilibrando o meio ambiente, sem apontar alternativas produtivas sustentáveis, a partir da geração de trabalho e de produção de alimentos. A metodologia qualitativa adotou a observação participante e o trabalho de campo objetivando identificar os danos ambientais provenientes da carcinicultura e relacioná-los aos fatores que colaboram para perpetuação desses modelos predatórios e para constituição de movimentos de resistência, visando a identificar as potencialidades locais e os possíveis caminhos de uma gestão socioambiental sustentável.This article analyzes a socioenvironmental conflict in the municipality of Caravelas, Bahia / Brazil. The studied conflict emerged from the proposal for the establishment of what would become the largest shrimp farm in Brazil. The proposed area for the establishment of the shrimp farm was part of an important socioeconomic and environmental region associated to the Abrolhos Coral Reef Bank. It assumes that the lack of public policies that define the parameters of the decision-making for financing shrimp farming projects has allowed the establishment of shrimp farms along the Brazilian coast, without pointing sustainable productive alternatives, which consider the generation of employment and food production. The qualitative methodology adopted participant observation and fieldwork aiming to identify the environmental damage associated to shrimp farming and relate them

La sous-traitance au Brésil : un phénomène à la fois ancien et nouveau Subcontracting in Brazil: a phenomenon both new and old La subcontratación en Brasil : un fenómeno antiguo y nuevo a la vez

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Graça Druck

2009-05-01

Full Text Available L’objectif de l’article est de discuter la sous-traitance aujourd’hui au Brésil. Nous discutons dans l’article le processus de flexibilisation et de précarisation du travail au Brésil, en prenant comme objet d’étude la sous-traitance, en tant qu’une des principales politiques de gestion et d’organisation du travail dans le cadre de la restructuration productive. Nous présentons une synthèse du processus de sous-traitance observé ces dernières années dans le pays, sous ses anciennes et nouvelles modalités, et nous analysons les résultats empiriques récents sur la sous-traitance dans des entreprises industrielles à haut risque pour l’environnement et la santé des travailleurs, dans la Région Métropolitaine de Salvador/Bahia/Brésil, de même que nous indiquons les principales de formes de résistance et de contre-pouvoirs construits contre la précarisation du travail et la sous-traitance.The purpose of the article is to discuss current subcontracting in Brazil. Our study subject « subcontracting as one of the main work management and organization policies in the framework of productive restructurings » used to discuss the work flexilibization and precarization process in Brazil. We present a synthesis of the subcontracting process observed in recent years in this country, under its old and new conditions, and we analyze the recent empirical results on subcontracting in industrial enterprises at high risk to the environment and workers’ health, in the metropolitan region of Salvador/Bahia, Brazil. We also identify the main forms of resistance and the counterbalances developed against work precarization and subcontracting.El objetivo de este artículo es discutir la tercerización en el Brasil contemporáneo. Se discute el proceso de flexibilización y de precarización del trabajo en Brasil, tomando como objeto de estudio la subcontratación como una de las principales políticas de gestión y de organizaci

Leishmania mexicana: aspectos taxonómicos y rareza de la infección humana en Três Braços, Bahia, Brasil

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César Augusto Cuba Cuba

1984-09-01

Full Text Available Del estúdio de 51 stocks de Leishmania aislados de pacientes humanos de leishmaniasis cutaneomucosa en Três Braços, Bahia, Brasil, los autores describen, en detalle, el análisis de los dos únicos stocks de L. mexicana, identificando uno de ellos como L. mexicana amazonensis. El otro aislado permanece en posición taxonómica no definida pues considerándosele como un miembro de L. mexicana, encuéntranse dificultades para su identificación subespecífica. Evaluan también los parâmetros biológicos e isoenzimáticos y discuten el papel de los anticuerpos monoclonales en la tipificación de éstos stocks. Los autores remarcan la rareza de la transmisión de parásitos del complejo L. mexicana en esta región, aun cuando estudien epidemiológicamente por mais de 8 anos la infección humana.In a study of 51 stocks of Leishmania isolated from patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Três Braços, Bahia, Brazil 49 were characterized as L. braziliensis braziliensis. Only two L. mexicana stocks were identified. One was subspeciated as L. mexicana amazonensis. The other differed from this species and to date remains unspeciated. The biological parameters, isoenzyme analysis and monoclonal antibody findings relating to these two strains are discussed. Transmission of parasites of the mexicana complex to man have been rare in this region during the 8 years of study of the human infection.

Epidemiological and microbiological aspects of acute bacterial diarrhea in children from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

OpenAIRE

Diniz-Santos, Daniel R.; Santana, José S.; Barretto, Junaura R.; Andrade, Maria Goreth M.; Silva, Luciana R.

2005-01-01

In the few cases of acute childhood diarrhea that require antimicrobial therapy, the correct choice of the drug depends on detailed previous knowledge of local strains. In order to establish such parameters in our city, we reviewed the results of all 260 positive stool cultures of children between 0 and 15 years of age during two years at a pediatric tertiary care facility in Salvador, Brazil. Bacterial strains had been presumptively identified by culturing in selective media and by biochemic...

Trap-nests used by Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Centridini) at secondary Atlantic Forest fragments, in Salvador, Bahia State; Ninhos de Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Centridini) em fragmentos de Mata Atlantica secundaria, Salvador, BA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Drummmont, Patricia; Viana, Blandina F. [Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA (Brazil). Inst. de Biologia. Lab. de Biologia e Ecologia de Abelhas (LABEA); Silva, Fabiana O. da [Faculdade Tecnologia e Ciencias (FTC), Salvador, BA (Brazil); Faculdades Jorge Amado, Savador, BA (Brazil)

2008-05-15

Ninety-five nests of Centris (Heterocentris) terminata Smith were collected in trap nests, during November/2001 and January/2003, at two fragments (PZGV e CFO-UFBA) of secondary Atlantic Forest, in Salvador, Bahia State (13 deg 01' W and 38 deg 30' S). The highest nest frequencies occurred from December to February (summer), with no nests foundations from August to October (winter - early spring). Two-hundred eight adults emerged from 347 brood cells, being 164 males and 116 females (1: 0.42). During the study period sex ratio was male biased ({chi}{sup 2} = 9.342; gl = 10; P < 0.05). C. terminata nested in holes with diameters 6, 8, 10 mm, but 84,2% were constructed in 8 and 10 mm. nests had one to seven cells arranged in a linear series with the cell's partitions built with a mixture of sand and resin or oil. Male is significantly smaller than female, which emerges from the first cells constructed. Immature mortality occurred in 14.1% of brood cells (n 49), of which 13.0% were due fail in development and 1.2% due to parasitism of Coelioxys sp. (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) e Tetraonyx sp. (Coleoptera: Meloidae). In the study site, weather, mainly pluviosity, rather than natural enemies influenced seasonal population abundance. The long period of nesting activity, local abundance and usage of trap nests, suggest the potential of C. terminata for management aiming at pollination of native and cultivated plants. (author)

Novas ocorrências de desmídias filamentosas (Desmidiaceae, Zygnematophyceae para o estado da Bahia, Brasil New records of filamentous desmids (Desmidiaceae, Zygnematophyceae from Bahia state, Brazil

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Ivania Batista de Oliveira

2010-12-01

Full Text Available As desmídias de hábito filamentos são constituídas por filamentos de células relativamente curtos, que se dissociam com certa facilidade. O conhecimento destas algas no estado da Bahia é bastante escasso, até o momento, estando restrito a 13 táxons. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo realizar o inventário taxonômico dos gêneros filamentosos da família Desmidiaceae (Zygnematophyceae, de duas áreas de proteção ambiental, APA Rio Capivara e APA Lagoas de Guarajuba, município de Camaçari, a fim de ampliar o conhecimento destes na Bahia. Foram analisadas 33 amostras coletadas de acordo com os métodos usuais empregados nos estudos de taxonomia de microalgas continentais. Foram identificados 15 táxons distribuídos em sete gêneros (Bambusina Kütz. ex Kütz, Desmidium C.Agardh ex Ralfs, Groenbladia Teiling, Hyalotheca Ehrenb. ex Ralfs, Onychonema Wallich, Spondylosium Bréb. ex Kütz. e Teilingia Bourr., dos quais nove táxons constituem-se adições à flora de algas continentais da Bahia, aumentando o total de espécies conhecidas para 22.The filamentous desmids are composed of relatively short filaments of cells that dissociate rather easily. These algae are poorly known today in the state of Bahia, being restricted to 13 taxa. This study aimed to do a taxonomic inventory of filamentous genera of the family Desmidiaceae (Zygnematophyceae from two environmental protection areas, Rio Capivara and Lagoas de Guarajuba, Camaçari municipality, to increase our knowledge of these organisms in Bahia. We analyzed 33 samples collected according to the methods employed in studies of continental microalgae taxonomy. 15 taxa were recorded, distributed in seven genera: Bambusina Kütz. ex Kütz, Desmidium C.Agardh ex Ralfs, Groenbladia Teiling, Hyalotheca Ehrenb. ex Ralfs, Onychonema Wallich, Spondylosium Bréb. ex Kütz. and Teilingia Bourr. Of these, nine are additions to the algal flora of continental Bahia, increasing the total to 22

Estudo Etnobotânico de plantas medicinais utilizadas pela Comunidade do Sisal no município de Catu, Bahia, Brasil

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F.R.G Neto

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A utilização de plantas medicinais é instintiva nos animais, visto que alguns destes buscam raízes, cascas, folhas ou frutos na tentativa de resolver seus males. O homem, por sua vez, aprendeu a utilizar estas informações empiricamente para fazer uso destes vegetais. A medicina popular é uma importante alternativa, provavelmente, a mais usada para a cura de doenças por parte de populações indígenas, quilombolas ou rurais. A Etnobotânica, por sua vez, encarrega-se de estudar e interpretar essa relação dos homens com o mundo vegetal. Devido ao seu grande potencial biológico e cultural, o Brasil apresenta uma infinidade de conhecimentos tradicionais e espécies vegetais importantes, o que torna esse país uma grande fonte de pesquisa na área. Visando avaliar o conhecimento tradicional da população rural do Sisal, Catu/Bahia, relacionado ao uso de plantas medicinais, este trabalho iniciou-se em julho de 2009, constando de entrevistas semi-estruturadas e estruturadas, gravações, registros fotográficos, coleta do material botânico indicado nas entrevistas com os informantes, tratamento do material coletado e incorporação ao Herbário da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (HUNEB. Foram identificadas e coletadas 54 espécies distribuídas em 46 gêneros e 28 famílias, sendo Lamiacaeae e Asteraceae as mais representativas. A maioria das plantas é constituída de ervas e cultivada nos quintais dos moradores. O estudo revelou que a comunidade apresenta uma medicina popular bastante rica, com grande diversidade de espécies vegetais e usos por parte da população.

Megafauna do Quaternário tardio de Baixa Grande, Bahia, Brasil.

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Ricardo da Costa Ribeiro

2009-10-01

Full Text Available It is presented the first occurrence of the late Pleistocene - Holocene mammals fossils in a gnamma-like deposit in the Baixa Grande municipality, Bahia State. The identified taxa were Eremotherium laurillardi (Pilosa – Megatheriidae, Panochthus greslebini (Cingulata - Glyptodontidae, Toxodontinae (Notoungulata - Toxodontidae and Stegomastodon waringi (Proboscidea - Gomphoteriidae. The inferred ecology for this fauna is related to a savanna/forest habitat, in a more wet climate than the present-day semi-arid climate.

Perception of facial profile attractiveness of a brown subject displaying different degrees of lip projection or retrusion, in the city of Salvador/Bahia

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Elizabete Nobre Carneiro

Full Text Available ABSTRACT Introduction: The attractiveness and facial aesthetics are commonly defined by the media in modern society and the number of patients seeking for changes in the facial appearance is progressively increasing. Augmented face convexity is believed to be non aesthetic and among the treatments available for its correction, the extraction of premolars followed by anterior teeth retraction produces a significant effect. However, it is questionable whether the procedure is reasonable in brown and black patients, since dental protrusion is considered a common morphological feature in these groups. Methods: A photograph of a brown female subject was manipulated with image-editing program to generate a set of images with different degrees of labial retraction/protrusion. Two hundred individuals, randomly selected, were asked to rate each photograph and select which one showed the best aesthetic appearance. The survey was carried out in Salvador / Bahia (Brazil, which is a city with strong African slavery background and high proportion of brown and black population. Results: Regardless of color, sex or income, the interviewees chose primarily the straight facial profile and secondarily the slightly concave or convex as more pleasant for a brown female individual (p< 0.05. The moderate and extreme convexity had the lowest scores (p< 0.05. Conclusions: It is suggested that among the accessed population, straight and slightly convex or concave profiles were preferred for a brown subject and moderate or excessive facial protrusion were not well accepted. It is expected that these data can guide orthodontists about the need for extraction to reduce dental protrusion in brown patients.

Leishmania mexicana: aspectos taxonómicos y rareza de la infección humana en Três Braços, Bahia, Brasil

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César Augusto Cuba Cuba

1984-09-01

Full Text Available Del estúdio de 51 stocks de Leishmania aislados de pacientes humanos de leishmaniasis cutaneomucosa en Três Braços, Bahia, Brasil, los autores describen, en detalle, el análisis de los dos únicos stocks de L. mexicana, identificando uno de ellos como L. mexicana amazonensis. El otro aislado permanece en posición taxonómica no definida pues considerándosele como un miembro de L. mexicana, encuéntranse dificultades para su identificación subespecífica. Evaluan también los parâmetros biológicos e isoenzimáticos y discuten el papel de los anticuerpos monoclonales en la tipificación de éstos stocks. Los autores remarcan la rareza de la transmisión de parásitos del complejo L. mexicana en esta región, aun cuando estudien epidemiológicamente por mais de 8 anos la infección humana.

Orthopedics nursing patients' profile of a public hospital in Salvador-Bahia.

Science.gov (United States)

de Castro, Renata Reis Matutino; Ribeiro, Natália Fonseca; de Andrade, Aline Mendonça; Jaques, Bruno Dórea

2013-07-01

To describe the profile of patients treated in the trauma and orthopedics nursing of a trauma care referral public hospital of in the state of Bahia. Cross-sectional study in which data were collected from medical records of patients in the period from July to December 2008. The profile of the patients involved was formed by subjects mostly male young subjects, victims of trauma from accidents, especially those with motorcycles or car runover. On the other hand,the most frequent traumas associated with urban violence were perforations by gunshot and stab wounds. The primary injury presented by these individuals was exposed fracture of the femur and the most common treatment was external fixation. The most frequent in-hospital complication was wound infection, which required another surgical approach. Most inpatients were discharged and only one death was reported during this period. The results of this study corroborate those from other institutions in the country, which may contribute to elaborate public policies for accidents and violence prevention. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.

Aborto provocado: o discurso das mulheres sobre suas relações familiares

OpenAIRE

Zannety Conceição Silva do Nascimento Souza; Normélia Maria Freire Diniz

2011-01-01

El aborto inducido y la violencia doméstica contra las mujeres se consideran problemas de salud pública por las consecuencias a la salud física y mental que afectan a las mismas. El objetivo fue analizar el discurso de las mujeres que han experimentado el aborto en sus relaciones familiares. Los sujetos del estudio fueron diecisiete mujeres ingresadas en una maternidad pública en Salvador, Bahia (Brasil), por causa del aborto inducido. La recolección de datos se realizó entre julio y septiemb...

Linfomas não-Hodgkin extranodais em Salvador-Bahia: aspectos clínicos e classificação histopatológica segundo a OMS-2001 Extranodal non-Hodgkins lymphomas in Salvador, Brazil: clinical aspects and histopathological classification according to the WHO-2001 guidelines

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Marinho M. Silva Neto

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Linfomas não-Hodgkin (LNH extranodais representam cerca de um terço de todos os linfomas e atualmente apresentam taxa de incidência maior que a de linfomas nodais. Diferenças entre LNH nodais e extranodais incluem etiologia, formas de apresentação e resposta terapêutica, entretanto não dispomos de dados na nossa população. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar os LNH extranodais diagnosticados no Hospital Aristides Maltez, em Salvador-Bahia. Foram avaliados, retrospectivamente, 145 diagnósticos de linfoma não-Hodgkin, segundo a OMS-2001, no período de janeiro de 1999 a julho de 2001. A freqüência de linfomas extranodais foi de 30,3%. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 55,6 anos e a relação homem/mulher foi de 1:1. A maioria dos pacientes apresentava estadios avançados (III ou IV de Ann Arbor, presença de sintomas B, LDH normal, bom desempenho pela escala do ECOG e IPI entre zero e dois. Nove pacientes estão vivos e em remissão completa (22,5% após um seguimento médio de 23 meses. O sítio extranodal mais comumente acometido foram as tonsilas, seguidas pela cavidade oral, pele e trato gastrointestinal, dentre outros. O linfoma difuso de grandes células B foi o mais comum subtipo histológico, seguido pelo linfoma anaplásico de grandes células. Concluímos que o mais freqüente sítio extranodal de apresentação em nosso estudo difere da maioria da literatura, porém nossa freqüência de linfoma extranodal é semelhante à mesma.Extranodal non-Hodgkins lymphomas represent approximately one third of all lymphomas and currently have an incidence higher than nodal lymphomas. Differences in etiology, presentation and outcome of these lymphomas have been reported. However, there are no data in our population. This study was carried out in the Pathological Anatomy Service of Aristides Maltez Hospital in Salvador, Bahia. One hundred and forty-five non-Hodgkins lymphomas cases according to the WHO-2001 classification

Reassessment of the geologic evolution of selected precambrian terranes in Brazil, based on new SHRIMP U-Pb data, part 1: central-eastern border of Sao Francisco Craton in Bahia state, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silva, Luiz Carlos da; Pimentel, Marcio; Jost, Hardy; Armstrong, Richard

2002-01-01

This paper discusses new U-Pb SHRIMP zircon data for 12 key-exposures of several geological units exposed at the eastern border of the Sao Francisco Craton. The samples represent mostly Archean basement units within the Paleoproterozoic Eastern Bahia Belt (Orogen). Samples were collected along several E-W tran sects trying to more accurately assess the areal distribution of the Archean polycyclic basement of the Sao Francisco Craton and to identify the limits of Paleoproterozoic metamorphic overprint resulting from the development of the Eastern Bahia Orogen. Owing to the polycyclic evolution and/or high grade metamorphic conditions which most of the rock units investigated have undergone, zircon morphology and the U-Pb analytical data exhibit very complex patterns. These are characterized by a combination of inheritance, partial resetting and new zircon growth during high grade metamorphism. As a consequence, very careful and detailed analyses of cathodoluminescence imagery were required to allow distinction between inheritance, newly melt-precipitated zircon and partially reset zircons, as well as between the ages of magmatic and metamorphic events. Except for one unit (sample LH 44), which present crystallization age of ca 3000 Ma - interpreted, therefore, as the eastern extension of the Serrinha Craton - the others are ascribed to two major age groups at ca. 2870-2500 Ma and ca. 2200?-2030 Ma. The former group includes ortho gneisses with crystallization ages between ca. 2870-2500 Ma, which have been mapped and interpreted, in its major extension, as juvenile Paleoproterozoic arc (Itabuna and Salvador-Curaca belts/domains). The new data presented in this study, however, indicate that these ortho gneisses represent a multi-episodic collage of primitive Archean orogenic arcs, which gave rise to the Archean basement of that part of the Sao Francisco Craton. All the investigated zircon populations were extensively recrystallized at ca. 2080-2050 Ma as a result of

Ciclo reproductivo del ostión de manglar Crassostrea rhizophorae (Bivalvia: Ostreidae en la Bahía de Camamu, Bahia, Brasil

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Tiago Lenz

2011-03-01

Full Text Available El ostión de manglar es un importante recurso pesquero que se distribuye por toda la costa brasileña y una de las especies nativas con mayor potencial para maricultura. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer las características reproductivas del ostión de manglar Crassostrea rhizophorae en el estero del Río Maraú, Bahía de Camamu, Bahia, Brasil. Las muestras fueran recolectadas mensualmente, entre agosto de 2006 y septiembre de 2007, en dos sitios. Las metodologías utilizadas fueron el análisis histológico de las gónadas y el cálculo de rendimiento de carne. La temperatura del agua durante el período de estudio varió de 23.5°C a 30°C y la salinidad osciló entre 15 y 35ups. La altura de los ostiones examinados varió de 27 a 102mm (n=437. Hubo predominancia de hembras en las poblaciones de ambos sitios. Los análisis de estadios gonádicos demostraron que el proceso de reproducción de C. rhizophorae en el estero del Río Maraú es continuo durante el año, sin período de reposo sexual. El rendimiento de carne (R fue de 8.0% a 17.7% (n=669. Los resultados de este estudio proveen informaciones para la captación de semilla e implantación de la ostricultura en la Bahía de Camamu.

Procesos de mediación y empoderamiento pacifista en el barrio Candeal de Salvador de Bahía (Brasil

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Blanca Girela Rejón

2016-06-01

Full Text Available En el presente trabajo pretendemos mostrar la transformación pacífica del barrio Candeal (Salvador de Bahía, Brasil, que dejó de ser una favela para convertirse en una comunidad de referencia mundial. Esta caracterización se ha llevado a cabo desde la óptica de la paz imperfecta, considerando, (particularmente las mediaciones de este proceso, en el que se analizan elementos fundamentales del discurso sobre el empoderamiento pacifista. Este documento forma parte de una investigación mayor, en la que, a través del método etnográfico, y la observación participante, se pudo interpretar la pacificación de esta favela, que con un tejido social y liderazgos precisos, ha alcanzado altas dosis de armonía en la convivencia. Con estrategias muy eficaces en la resolución de conflictos, se verá que el asociacionismo y la coordinación de este, favorecen logros sociales que se traducen en la dignificación de la comunidad, que deja de contemplarse como un lugar marginal, para ser considerado un barrio de pleno derecho.

Programming the body, planning reproduction, governing life: the '(ir-) rationality' of family planning and the embodiment of social inequalities in Salvador da Bahia (Brazil).

Science.gov (United States)

De Zordo, Silvia

2012-01-01

This paper examines family planning in Brazil as biopolitics and explores how the democratization of the State and of reproductive health services after two decades of military dictatorship (1964-1984) has influenced health professionals' and family planning users' discourses and practices. Do health professionals envisage family planning as a 'right' or do they conceive it, following the old neo-Malthusian rationale, as a 'moral duty' of poor people, whose 'irrational' reproduction jeopardizes the family's and the nation's well being? And how do their patients conceptualize and embody family planning? To answer these questions, this paper draws on 13 months of multi-sited ethnographic research undertaken between 2003 and 2005 in two public family planning services in Salvador da Bahia, where participant observation was undertaken and unstructured interviews were conducted with 11 health professionals and 70 family planning users, mostly low income black women. The paper examines how different bio-political rationalities operate in these services and argues that the old neo-Malthusian rationale and the current, dominant discourse on reproductive rights, gender equality and citizenship coexist. The coalescence of different biopolitical rationalities leads to the double stigmatization of family planning users as 'victims' of social and gender inequalities and as 'irrational' patients, 'irresponsible' mothers and 'bad' citizens if they do not embody the neo-Malthusian and biomedical rationales shaping medical practice. However, these women do not behave as 'docile bodies': they tactically use medical and non-medical contraceptives not only to be good mothers and citizens, but also to enhance themselves and to attain their own goals.

Gangs in El Salvador

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-01

buscan-apoyo-para-prevencion-de-violencia- en- el -sa/, (accessed December 10, 2012). 41 Cámara de Comercio e Industria de El Salvador “Propuesta...Gangs in El Salvador by Colonel Luis W. Ortiz Medina El Salvador Army United States Army War College...33 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Gangs in El Salvador 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM

Lola Salvador Maldonado

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Martínez Montalbán, José Luis

2006-08-01

Full Text Available The artistic and professional trajectory of the Barcelonian writer Lola Salvador Maldonado (Salvador Maldonado, is hereby studied, including her facet as a script writer, figurinist and movie producer, television and radio, as well as her educational work. Her biography and a complete list of her work is also included.Se estudia la trayectoria artística y profesional de la escritora barcelonesa Lola Salvador Maldonado (Salvador Maldonado, guionista, figurinista y productora cinematográfica y de televisión y radio, así como docente. Se acompaña su biografía y una relación completa de su obra.

Users' and providers' perspectives on technological procedures for 'normal' childbirth in a public maternity hospital in Salvador, Brazil Perspectivas de usuarios y proveedores sobre procedimientos tecnológicos para el parto 'normal' en una maternidad pública de Salvador, Brasil

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Cecilia McCallum

2008-02-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To reveal the effect of cultural practices on the way in which normal birth is conducted in a public hospital in Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This article about a public maternity hospital in Salvador, Brazil, compares the points of view of providers and users on four technological normal childbirth procedures: trichotomy, episiotomy, oxytocin infusion, and epidural analgesia. Fieldwork carried out from 2002 to 2003 combined qualitative and quantitative methods. RESULTS: Institutional practices make childbirth unnecessarily difficult for women. Nonetheless, most women accept the conditions because the medical procedures make sense according to their cultural understandings. Service providers support the use of such procedures, although doctors are aware that they contradict recommendations found in scientific medical literature. This article argues that from the perspective of both providers and users, the technological procedures are infused with a culturally specific set of meanings and values. CONCLUSIONS: Policymakers must address the cultural understandings of both users and health care professionals in order to improve maternal healthcare in public hospitals in Brazil.OBJETIVO: Revelar el efecto de las prácticas culturales en el parto normal en un hospital público en Brasil. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Este artículo sobre el parto en una maternidad pública de Salvador, Brasil, compara el punto de vista de los proveedores de servicios de salud y los usuarios de dichos servicios con respecto a cuatro procedimientos para el parto normal: tricotomía, episiotomía, infusión de oxitocina y analgésico epidural. La investigación, realizada entre 2002 y 2003, utilizó métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos. RESULTADOS: La práctica institucional hace que el parto sea innecesariamente dificultoso para las mujeres, sin embargo, la mayoría de ellas aceptan las condiciones, porque los procedimientos médicos tienen sentido dentro de su

Seroprevalence and molecular epidemiology of HTLV-1 isolates from HIV-1 co-infected women in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil.

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de Almeida Rego, Filipe Ferreira; Mota-Miranda, Aline; de Souza Santos, Edson; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo; Alcantara, Luiz Carlos

2010-12-01

HTLV-1/HIV-1 co-infection is associated with severe clinical manifestations, marked immunodeficiency, and opportunistic pathogenic infections, as well as risk behavior. Salvador, the capital of the State of Bahia, Brazil, has the highest HTLV-1 prevalence (1.74%) found in Brazil. Few studies exist which describe this co-infection found in Salvador and its surrounding areas, much less investigate how these viruses circulate or assess the relationship between them. To describe the epidemiological and molecular features of HTLV in HIV co-infected women. To investigate the prevalence of HTLV/HIV co-infection in surrounding areas, as well as the molecular epidemiology of HTLV, a cross sectional study was carried out involving 107 women infected with HIV-1 from the STD/HIV/AIDS Reference Center located in the neighboring City of Feira de Santana. Patient samples were submitted to ELISA, and HTLV infection was confirmed using Western Blot and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Phylogenetic analysis using Neighbor-Joining (NJ) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) was performed on HTLV LTR sequences in order to gain further insights about molecular epidemiology and the origins of this virus in Bahia. Four out of five reactive samples were confirmed to be infected with HTLV-1, and one with HTLV-2. The seroprevalence of HTLV among HIV-1 co-infected women was 4.7%. Phylogenetic analysis of the LTR region from four HTLV-1 sequences showed that all isolates were clustered into the main Latin American group within the Transcontinental subgroup of the Cosmopolitan subtype. The HTLV-2 sequence was classified as the HTLV-2c subtype. It was also observed that four HTLV/HIV-1 co-infected women exhibited risk behavior with two having parenteral exposure, while another two were sex workers. This article describes the characteristics of co-infected patients. This co-infection is known to be severe and further studies should be conducted to confirm the suggestion that HTLV-1 is spreading from

Micorriza arbuscular em plantações de Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell no litoral norte da Bahia, Brasil Arbuscular mycorrhiza in Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell plantations in the north littoral of Bahia, Brazil

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Cristiano V.M. Araújo

2004-09-01

Full Text Available As micorrizas arbusculares são de longa data conhecidas e exploradas devido à importância ecológica e aos efeitos no crescimento e na nutrição das plantas. Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell, particularmente nas áreas em estudo, apresenta comportamento diferenciado quando comparado com outras espécies de eucaliptos, instalando-se em sítios de solos pobres e textura arenosa, com crescimento reduzido, dificuldades para a formação das mudas e problemas nutricionais. Objetivando avaliar a percentagem de colonização radicular e a densidade de esporos de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em plantações de E. cloeziana, foram realizadas coletas de solo rizosférico e de raízes em 20 áreas, distribuídas em seis municípios do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Os resultados médios da percentagem de colonização variaram de 10% a 96,66% e a densidade de esporos variou de 3 a 110 esporos/50cm³ de solo, demonstrando a grande suscetibilidade do E. cloeziana à micorrização.The arbuscular mycorrhizal are known and explored long ago due to the ecological significance and the effects in the growth and nutrition of the plants. Eucalyptus cloeziana F. Muell, particularly in the studied sites, exhibit differenced behaviour when compared with other eucaliptus species, establishing in sites of the poor soils and sandy texture, with reduced growth, difficulty to formation of the seedling and nutritional problems. Aiming to evaluate the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization, as well as the density of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in E. cloeziana plantations, rhizospheric soil and roots samples were collected in twenty sites, distributed in six municipalities of Bahia state, Brazil. The mean results of percentage root colonization ranged from 10 to 96.66% and spore number ranged from 3 to 110 spores/50cm³ soil, demonstrating high susceptibility of the E. cloeziana to mycorrhization.

The dynamics of dengue virus serotype 3 introduction and dispersion in the state of Bahia, Brazil

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Paulo Roberto Santana de Melo

2007-12-01

Full Text Available By 2002, dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1 and DENV-2 had circulated for more than a decade in Brazil. In 2002, the introduction of DENV-3 in the state of Bahia produced a massive epidemic and the first cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Based on the standardized frequency, timing and location of viral isolations by the state's Central Laboratory, DENV-3 probably entered Bahia through its capital, Salvador, and then rapidly disseminated to other cities, following the main roads. A linear regression model that included traffic flow, distance from the capital and DENV-1 circulation (r² = 0.24, p = 0.001 supported this hypothesis. This pattern was not seen for serotypes already in circulation and was not seen for DENV-3 in the following year. Human population density was another important factor in the intensity of viral circulation. Neither DENV-1 nor DENV-2 fit this model for 2001 or 2003. Since the vector has limited flight range and vector densities fail to correlate with intensity of viral circulation, this distribution represents the movement of infected people and to some extent mosquitoes. This pattern may mimic person-to-person spread of a new infection.

Volcano hazards in the San Salvador region, El Salvador

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Major, J.J.; Schilling, S.P.; Sofield, D.J.; Escobar, C.D.; Pullinger, C.R.

2001-01-01

San Salvador volcano is one of many volcanoes along the volcanic arc in El Salvador (figure 1). This volcano, having a volume of about 110 cubic kilometers, towers above San Salvador, the country’s capital and largest city. The city has a population of approximately 2 million, and a population density of about 2100 people per square kilometer. The city of San Salvador and other communities have gradually encroached onto the lower flanks of the volcano, increasing the risk that even small events may have serious societal consequences. San Salvador volcano has not erupted for more than 80 years, but it has a long history of repeated, and sometimes violent, eruptions. The volcano is composed of remnants of multiple eruptive centers, and these remnants are commonly referred to by several names. The central part of the volcano, which contains a large circular crater, is known as El Boquerón, and it rises to an altitude of about 1890 meters. El Picacho, the prominent peak of highest elevation (1960 meters altitude) to the northeast of the crater, and El Jabali, the peak to the northwest of the crater, represent remnants of an older, larger edifice. The volcano has erupted several times during the past 70,000 years from vents central to the volcano as well as from smaller vents and fissures on its flanks [1] (numerals in brackets refer to end notes in the report). In addition, several small cinder cones and explosion craters are located within 10 kilometers of the volcano. Since about 1200 A.D., eruptions have occurred almost exclusively along, or a few kilometers beyond, the northwest flank of the volcano, and have consisted primarily of small explosions and emplacement of lava flows. However, San Salvador volcano has erupted violently and explosively in the past, even as recently as 800 years ago. When such eruptions occur again, substantial population and infrastructure will be at risk. Volcanic eruptions are not the only events that present a risk to local

Imagens e sentidos no discurso da mídia impressa acerca de uma epidemia de intoxicação ocupacional por benzeno

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Maria Ligia Rangel-S.

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Analisa-se a construção de imagens públicas realizada por quatro jornais de Salvador-Bahia-Brasil, para os diferentes atores sociais envolvidos no debate público, na vigência da epidemia de intoxicação ocupacional pelo benzeno, que afetou trabalhadores do Complexo Petroquímico de Camaçari-Bahia-Brasil (COPEC, durante os anos de 1990 e 1991. Recorre-se ao Interacionismo Simbólico, principalmente a Erving Goffman, um dos mais expressivos sociólogos dessa perspectiva de pesquisa, para a análise do discurso dos jornais, utilizando-se as categorias analíticas "vozes", "arranjo" e "face", em 30% do total de matérias jornalísticas publicadas ao longo de 18 meses. A análise revelou a construção de faces oscilantes, em conflito e dóceis, que decorrem das variações nas dinâmicas com que os atores são dispostos no texto e operam nas notícias. Estas conformam distintas imagens públicas para os trabalhadores petroquímicos, para os empregadores do COPEC e para os representantes governamentais, nos diferentes jornais.

Violência, etnia e cor: um estudo dos diferenciais na região metropolitana de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil Violence, ethnic group, and skin color: a study of disparities in the metropolitan region of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Ceci Vilar Noronha

1999-04-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a distribuição das distintas modalidades de violência - estrutural, institucional, interpessoal e derivada da delinqüência - nos três grupos de cor mais representativos da sociedade baiana: brancos, mulatos e negros. O estudo compara os níveis de vitimação de indivíduos brancos, negros e mulatos com suas próprias avaliações da eficiência das instituições de controle do crime, procurando identificar como isso se relaciona com a adoção de atitudes e normas autoritárias pelos mesmos sujeitos. Os dados analisados são provenientes do Estudo Multicêntrico sobre Atitudes e Normas Culturais face à Violência (projeto ACTIVA e compreendem uma amostra de 1384 pessoas residentes na região metropolitana de Salvador. A investigação foi desenhada como um estudo de corte transversal, com entrevistas realizadas nos domicílios, no período de setembro a dezembro de 1996. A seleção da amostra se processou em três etapas: primeiro foram selecionadas, de modo aleatório, as áreas residenciais, seguindo uma amostragem sistemática dos domicílios em cada área do sorteio; por fim, o sujeito a ser entrevistado foi escolhido, também por sorteio. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado o questionário desenhado para o estudo ACTIVA e testado em estudo piloto. Os resultados indicam uma distribuição desigual da violência estrutural que recai, principalmente, sobre indivíduos de pele negra; o perfil por grupos de cor para a violência interpessoal e institucional revelou-se indistinto. A violência da delinqüência atinge os brancos e os negros na mesma intensidade. O descrédito na eficiência das polícias civil e militar, da justiça e do sistema carcerário é muito alto e é generalizado para os três grupos de cor. Além disso, poucas diferenças foram encontradas entre os grupos com relação a atitudes e normas autoritárias. Com base nos resultados, é possível concluir que existe risco

Fitonematóides associados à gravioleira (Annona muricata no sul da Bahia Phytonematodes associated to soursop tree (Aannona muricata in the south of Bahia

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Arlete Silveira

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Nematóides têm sido reportados, em alguns Estados do Brasil, causando danos à gravioleira (Annona muricata L.. No sul da Bahia, o cultivo da graviola é bastante recente; portanto, há carência de informações sobre os problemas fitossanitários. O presente estudo teve como objetivo o levantamento dos fitonematóides associados a gravioleiras dos municípios de Una e Ilhéus, sul da Bahia (BA. Subamostras de solo e raízes de 10 diferentes plantas foram coletadas, ao acaso, e misturadas para formar uma amostra composta representativa de cada pomar. As análises nematológicas foram realizadas nos Laboratórios de Fitopatologia e Nematologia da Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC, Ilhéus-BA, e Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV, Viçosa-MG. Os nematóides encontrados associados à gravioleira foram: Aphelenchoides sp., Aphelenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Mesocriconema sp., Rotylenchus sp., Rotylenchulus sp. e Tylenchus sp. Futuramente, serão conduzidos estudos para avaliar a patogenicidade desses nematóides à gravioleira.Nematodes have been reported in some States of Brazil causing damage to soursop (Annona muricata L.. In the South of Bahia, the soursop growing is very recent; therefore there is a lack of information regarding its phytosanitary problems. The present study aimed the survey of plant nematodes associated with soursop in the municipal district of Una and Ilhéus, South of Bahia (BA. Soil and root subsamples from 10 distinct soursop plants were randomly collected and mixed to form a representative composite sample of each orchard. The nematodes analyses were carried out in the Laboratories of Plant Pathology and Nematology of the University of Ilhéus, BA (UESC and Viçosa, MG (UFV. The nematodes found associated with soursop were: Aphelenchoides sp., Aphelenchus sp., Helicotylenchus spp., Mesocriconema spp., Rotylenchus sp., Rotylenchulus sp. and Tylenchus sp. Future studies will be conducted to evaluate the

IDENTITY ISSUES AND BAHIA’S CULTURAL SPECIFICITY EXPRESSED THROUGH MUSIC AND LITERATURE: A GEOGRAPHIC VIEW

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Janio Roque Barros de Castro

2014-07-01

Full Text Available This work intends to examine how some Jorge Amado’s literary works and some music from the singer and songwriter Dorival Caymmi express in different ways, different places in Bahia, specially its capital, Salvador. Specific cultural aspects of everyday life, worldviews and the ways of people from Bahia, inspired literary works and songs that spread beyond the scope of the Bahia State, the elements of this “baianidade” which can be read, understood and analyzed in different ways in other states or countries. It aims to discuss how some important literary and musical works of these authors expressed and still express the african-bahia elements and some identity aspects of the people from Bahia. It was found that in both the literary texts and the musicality of the authors under review, the places and landscape stand out as cultural spaces and symbolic buildings of high visibility, such as Pelourinho, the historic center of Salvador, and the Church of Bomfim , an important religious and devotional temple of Salvador.

Homenagem a Jaime Dinis

OpenAIRE

Duprat, Régis

2008-01-01

Resenha crítica publicada no jornal A Tarde, de Salvador, Bahia, de 21/8/1993, (p. 9-10) quando do lançamento da obra do musicólogo Jaime C. Dinis (1/5/1924-27/5/1989): Os mestres da capela da Misericórdia da Bahia, 1647-1810. Centro Editorial e Didático da UFBA, Salvador, 1993.

Impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall on water quality in the coastal zone of Salvador (Bahia, Brazil)

KAUST Repository

Roth, Florian; Lessa, G.C.; Wild, C.; Kikuchi, R.K.P.; Naumann, M.S.

2016-01-01

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of suspended particulate organic matter and seawater biological oxygen demand (BOD) were measured along a coastal transect during summer 2015 to investigate pollution impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall close to Salvador, Brazil. Impacts of untreated sewage discharge were evident at the outfall site by depleted δ13Corg and δ15N signatures and 4-fold increased BOD rates. Pollution effects of a sewage plume were detectable for more than 6 km downstream from the outfall site, as seasonal wind- and tide-driven shelf hydrodynamics facilitated its advective transport into near-shore waters. There, sewage pollution was detectable at recreational beaches by depleted stable isotope signatures and elevated BOD rates at high tides, suggesting high bacterial activity and increased infection risk by human pathogens. These findings indicate the urgent necessity for appropriate wastewater treatment in Salvador to achieve acceptable standards for released effluents and coastal zone water quality.

Impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall on water quality in the coastal zone of Salvador (Bahia, Brazil).

Science.gov (United States)

Roth, F; Lessa, G C; Wild, C; Kikuchi, R K P; Naumann, M S

2016-05-15

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of suspended particulate organic matter and seawater biological oxygen demand (BOD) were measured along a coastal transect during summer 2015 to investigate pollution impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall close to Salvador, Brazil. Impacts of untreated sewage discharge were evident at the outfall site by depleted δ(13)Corg and δ(15)N signatures and 4-fold increased BOD rates. Pollution effects of a sewage plume were detectable for more than 6km downstream from the outfall site, as seasonal wind- and tide-driven shelf hydrodynamics facilitated its advective transport into near-shore waters. There, sewage pollution was detectable at recreational beaches by depleted stable isotope signatures and elevated BOD rates at high tides, suggesting high bacterial activity and increased infection risk by human pathogens. These findings indicate the urgent necessity for appropriate wastewater treatment in Salvador to achieve acceptable standards for released effluents and coastal zone water quality. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall on water quality in the coastal zone of Salvador (Bahia, Brazil)

KAUST Repository

Roth, Florian

2016-03-30

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of suspended particulate organic matter and seawater biological oxygen demand (BOD) were measured along a coastal transect during summer 2015 to investigate pollution impacts of a high-discharge submarine sewage outfall close to Salvador, Brazil. Impacts of untreated sewage discharge were evident at the outfall site by depleted δ13Corg and δ15N signatures and 4-fold increased BOD rates. Pollution effects of a sewage plume were detectable for more than 6 km downstream from the outfall site, as seasonal wind- and tide-driven shelf hydrodynamics facilitated its advective transport into near-shore waters. There, sewage pollution was detectable at recreational beaches by depleted stable isotope signatures and elevated BOD rates at high tides, suggesting high bacterial activity and increased infection risk by human pathogens. These findings indicate the urgent necessity for appropriate wastewater treatment in Salvador to achieve acceptable standards for released effluents and coastal zone water quality.

Disque denúncia como fonte de informações para análises criminais na Região Metropolitana de Salvador 2006-2011

OpenAIRE

Portella, Daniel Deivson Alves

2013-01-01

Introdução: O tráfico de drogas pode ser considerado como um dos fatores determinantes para o aumento de homicídios nas metrópoles e nas regiões metropolitanas. A grande frequência de crimes contribuiu para que a população passasse a fazer denúncias anônimas sobre os fatos criminosos através do programa Disque Denúncia,implantado na Bahia desde 2005. Objetivos: Analisar o Disque Denúncia como fonte de informações para análises criminais na Região Metropolitana de Salvador (RMS) de 2006-2011 e...

Articulações políticas indígenas no sul da Bahia

OpenAIRE

Freire, Ricardo Sallum

2016-01-01

Os povos indígenas no Brasil têm se organizado social e politicamente diante dos atuais desafios impostos à reapropriação de seus territórios tradicionais e à manutenção dos direitos até então conquistados. No período histórico presente, em que se configura amplamente um meio geográfico técnico-científico-informacional, suas disputas territoriais ganham novos contornos e significados. Inseridos nesse contexto, os povos Tupinambá, Pataxó e Pataxó Hãhãhãe, no sul da Bahia, vêm constituindo sign...

A visão masculina sobre métodos contraceptivos em uma comunidade rural da Bahia, Brasil Male views of contraceptive methods in a rural community in Bahia State, Brazil

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Danilo Cerqueira do Espírito-Santo

2004-04-01

Full Text Available Os Programas de Planejamento Familiar vêm se preocupando predominantemente com a população feminina. Este estudo objetivou determinar o grau de conhecimento dos homens de uma comunidade rural do Estado da Bahia, Brasil, sobre os métodos contraceptivos. Dentre os 179 entrevistados, a preocupação com a prevenção de gravidez indesejada foi referida como responsabilidade do casal por 39,7% (n = 71 e do homem por 26,8% (n = 48. Os métodos mais conhecidos foram a "camisinha" (98,9% e a pílula (96,6%, sendo os mais usados a "camisinha" (22,9%, a laqueadura (21,2% e a pílula anticoncepcional (12,8%. A maioria (56,4% referiu "sempre" utilizar contraceptivo. A opção pelo método é feita pelo homem em 45,6% dos casais. Estes resultados indicam a necessidade da promoção do maior número de métodos contraceptivos, possibilitando ao casal a melhor opção que se adeque ao comportamento sexual do mesmo. Também, há necessidade de priorizar a participação do casal nos Programas de Planejamento Familiar, na medida em que ainda são os homens quem predominantemente acabam determinando o método contraceptivo utilizado.Family planning programs have traditionally concentrated on women. This study aimed to determine men's knowledge of contraceptive methods in a rural community in Bahia State, Brazil. Mean age of interviewees was 40.0 (±17.6 years. Avoiding unwanted pregnancy was reported as a responsibility of the couple by 39.7% of the male interviewees (n = 71 and as the man's responsibility by 26.8% (n = 48. The most widely known methods were condoms (98.9% and the pill (96.6%. Condoms (22.9%, female sterilization (21.2%, and the pill (12.8% were the most widely used methods. The majority of the interviewees (56.4% reported that they "always" use some method. The men chose the method in 45.6% of the couples. The results indicate that more options for contraceptive methods should be offered, thereby facilitating the best choice of methods by

Frequency of IgG antibodies against-Toxoplasma gondii in sera of stray dogs in the city of Salvador-Bahia, Brazil

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Marcus Vinícius Fróes Barbosa

2003-01-01

Full Text Available O Toxoplasma gondii é um coccídio intestinal intracelular obrigatório dos felídeos, de distribuição cosmopolita, descoberto em 1908 por Nicolle & Manceaux. O primeiro relato na espécie canina ocorreu em 1910, na Itália e, no Brasil em 1911. Objetivando-se avaliar a freqüência deste parasito, na população de cães errantes da cidade de Salvador-Ba, foram coletadas 225 amostras de sangue, de animais provenientes de 10 distritos sanitários. Os soros foram submetidos a reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI para detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-Toxoplasma gondii, utilizando-se a cepa AS28. Foram detectados 143 amostras positivas, representando uma freqüência de 63,55.00%. As freqüências nos distritos sanitários foram as seguintes: Itapagipe 33,33%; São Caetano/Valéria 46,15.00%; Brotas 42,11%; Barra/Rio Vermelho 64,28%; Boca do Rio 80,00%; Itapuã 65,38%; Cabula/Beiru 80,64%; Pau da Lima 73,91%; Cajazeiras 64,70% e Subúrbio Ferroviário 73,33%. Os títulos encontrados variaram de 1:16 à 1:16384, sendo 1:16 (28,67%, 1:64 (44,76%, 1:256 (21,68%, 1:1024 (4,20% e 1:16384 (0,70%. Dos 123 machos e 102 fêmeas, 67,48% e 58,82% foram sororeagentes, respectivamente. Com relação à idade, dos 198 adultos e 27 jovens, 70,20% e 14,80% apresentaram-se soropositivos, respectivamente. As variáveis idade e distrito sanitário apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05.

Alcohol drinking patterns by gender, ethnicity, and social class in Bahia, Brazil Determinantes sociais e padrões de consumo de álcool na Bahia, Brasil

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Naomar Almeida-Filho

2004-02-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To study patterns of alcohol consumption and prevalence of high-risk drinking. METHODS: A household survey was carried out in a sample of 2,302 adults in Salvador, Brazil. Cases of High-Risk Drinking (HRD were defined as those subjects who referred daily or weekly binge drinking plus episodes of drunkenness and those who reported any use of alcoholic beverages but with frequent drunkenness (at least once a week. RESULTS: Fifty-six per cent of the sample acknowledged drinking alcoholic beverages. Overall consumption was significantly related with gender (male, marital status (single, migration (non-migrant, better educated (college level, and social class (upper. No significant differences were found regarding ethnicity, except for cachaça (Brazilian sugarcane liquor and other distilled beverages. Overall 12-month prevalence of high-risk drinking was 7%, six times more prevalent among males than females (almost 13% compared to 2.4%. A positive association of HRD prevalence with education and social class was found. No overall relationship was found between ethnicity and HRD. Male gender and higher socioeconomic status were associated with increased odds of HRD. Two-way stratified analyses yielded consistent gender effects throughout all strata of independent variables. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that social and cultural elements determine local patterns of alcohol-drinking behavior. Additional research on long-term and differential effects of gender, ethnicity, and social class on alcohol use and misuse is needed in order to explain their role as sources of social health inequities.OBJETIVOS: Investigar padrões de consumo de álcool e prevalência de consumo de alto risco. MÉTODOS: Inquérito domiciliar realizado no município de Salvador, Bahia, com amostra de 2.302 adultos. Casos de consumo de alto risco foram definidos como sujeitos que referiram uso diário ou semanal mais episódios de embriaguez, além daqueles que

Determinants of homicides in the state of Bahia, Brazil, in 2009

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Carlos Augusto Moreira de Sousa

2014-03-01

Full Text Available PURPOSE: To carry out a study of association between socioeconomic and demographic factors and homicides in general population, in the state of Bahia, in 2009. METHODS: This is an ecological study. The data were collected from the database of the Information System about Mortality of the Ministry of Health, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Institute of Applied Economic Research. The Global Moran index was calculated for the detection of spatial autocorrelation, and the Local Moran index was calculated for the detection of spatial Clusters. The transformation in the variable answer (homicides rates was performed and it was shaped using the Conditional Autoregressive Model. RESULTS: The data showed spatial autocorrelation. Two clusters of municipalities with high rates of homicides were identified, one located predominantly in the Greater Metropolitan Region of Salvador and the other in the South Region of Bahia, especially Eunápolis and Lauro de Freitas, which had the highest rates. The Average Residents Variables, local GDP and the Percentage of Illiteracy presented an inverse association with homicide rates, and the variables Firjan's municipal development index of work and income. Enrolment in high school and the Average of Bolsa Família were directly associated. CONCLUSIONS: The urbanization process, in most cases, not controlled by the State, in most cases, made the cities bigger and with better socioeconomic conditions, attraction centers for people with different socioeconomic levels, increasing the social inequality among the residents of these regions, with parallel increase in homicide rates.

Amphibians of Serra Bonita, southern Bahia: a new hotpoint within Brazil's Atlantic Forest hotspot.

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Dias, Iuri Ribeiro; Medeiros, Tadeu Teixeira; Vila Nova, Marcos Ferreira; Solé, Mirco

2014-01-01

We studied the amphibian community of the Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN) Serra Bonita, an area of 20 km(2) with steep altitudinal gradients (200-950 m a.s.l.) located in the municipalities of Camacan and Pau-Brasil, southern Bahia State, Brazil. Data were obtained at 38 sampling sites (including ponds and transects within the forest and in streams), through active and visual and acoustic searches, pitfall traps, and opportunistic encounters. We recorded 80 amphibian species distributed in 15 families: Aromobatidae (1), Brachycephalidae (3), Bufonidae (4), Centrolenidae (2), Ceratophryidae (1), Craugastoridae (7), Eleutherodactylidae (2), Hemiphractidae (2), Hylidae (42), Hylodidae (1), Leptodactylidae (7), Microhylidae (3), Siphonopidae (1), Odontophrynidae (3) and Pipidae (1). Species richness was positively correlated with monthly rainfall. Near 36% of the species were found in strictly forest environments, 15% are endemic to Bahia State and 77.2% are endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome. The large species diversity of this small area, the high degree of endemism and the taxonomic and biogeographic significance turn the Serra Bonita mountain into a hotpoint for amphibians within Brazil's Atlantic Forest hotspot.

A Mesa Galega na Bahia: a alimentação dos imigrantes galegos e descendentes em Salvador

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Viana, Fabiana Paixão

2016-01-01

Desde as últimas décadas do século XIX Salvador foi o destino escolhido por muitos galegos que cruzaram o Oceano Atlântico em busca do sonho de “conquistar a América”. Na capital baiana estes imigrantes sentiram as diferenças entre a sociedade galega e a soteropolitana, principalmente em relação a língua, aos hábitos alimentares e ao tratamento hostil e preconceituoso dispensado, bilateralmente, entre os imigrantes galegos e os soteropolitanos. Os galegos se destacaram nos setores do comércio...

Diversidade arbórea das florestas alto montanas no Sul da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil Tree diversity of high montane forests in Southern Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil

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Francisco Haroldo Feitosa do Nascimento

2010-09-01

Full Text Available A região do extremo Sul da Chapada Diamantina abriga as maiores altitudes do Nordeste brasileiro. Situam-se nessas serras as maiores elevações da região Nordeste, entre elas, o Pico do Barbado (2.033 m.s.n.m.. Dois dos rios mais importantes da Bahia nascem nestas serras: o Rio de Contas e o Rio Paramirim. A região é bem conhecida botanicamente, porém, este foi o primeiro inventário quantitativo realizado enfocando as formações florestais. Comparou-se a composição florística de 12 fragmentos de floresta montana, entre 1.350 e 1.750 m.s.n.m., tendo sido amostrados os indivíduos com PAP> 8 cm. Registrou-se a presença de 116 espécies em 84 gêneros de 48 famílias. As famílias com maior número de espécies foram Myrtaceae (N=20 e Lauraceae (N=10. Os gêneros com maior número de espécies foram Ocotea (N=7, Myrcia (N=5, Eugenia (N=4 e Miconia (N=4. A maioria das espécies apresentou padrão de distribuição amplo, mas foram encontradas espécies comuns a formações florestais de altitude do Sudeste e Sul do Brasil, como Drimys brasiliensis Miers (Winteraceae e Weinmannia paulliniifolia Pohl (Cunnoniacae. A flora dos fragmentos estudados compartilha baixo número de espécies com as formações estacionais deciduais do entorno da Chapada Diamantina, indicando que estas florestas são únicas e merecem atenção especial, para sua conservação.The southernmost region of Chapada Diamantina, nearest to Rio de Contas harbours the highest peaks of the Brazilian northeastern region, including Pico do Barbado (2,033 m.a.s.l. and the source of the two important rivers in Bahia state (Rio de Contas and Rio Paramirim. The region is well known botanically. This was the first quantitative study to survey the floristic composition of 12 fragments of montane forests (1,350 m.a.s.l. to 1750 m.a.s.l. including trees > 8 cbh. A total of 117 species, 84 genera and 48 families were found. The richest families were Myrtaceae (N=20 and Lauraceae (N

Health assessment of the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae on the southern coast of Bahia, northeastern Brazil Avaliação da saúde da ostra Crassostrea rhizophorae no Litoral Sul da Bahia, nordeste do Brasil

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Rosana Pinho Brandão

Full Text Available This study investigated the health of natural stocks of the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae on the southern coast of Bahia in northeastern Brazil, during summer and winter 2010, at three localities (sampling points in the estuaries of the Maraú (Camamu Bay and Graciosa rivers. A total of 180 oysters (30/sampling point/season were examined macroscopically for the presence of pathogens and anatomical changes. The specimens were subsequently fixed in Davidson solution, processed for paraffin embedding, sectioned and stained with Harris' hematoxylin and eosin. Histological analysis revealed the presence of Rickettsia-like organisms (RLOs, Ancistrocoma, Trichodina, Sphenophrya, Nematopsis, Urastoma, Bucephalus in the sporocyst phase, a nonspecific metacercaria, and a metacestode of genus Tylocephalum. The prevalence of infection was low except for parasitism by Nematopsis sp. which also caused histopathological changes. The presence of Bucephalus sp. caused parasitic castration. These two pathogens significantly affect the health of C. rhizophorae.Este estudo investigou a saúde de ostras da espécie Crassostrea rhizophorae de estoques naturais do Litoral Sul do Estado da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil, durante o verão e o inverno de 2010, em três pontos amostrais distribuídos nos estuários dos rios Maraú (Baía de Camamu e Graciosa. Um total de 180 ostras (30/ponto amostral/período foram examinadas macroscopicamente para a presença de patógenos e alterações anatômicas e posteriormente fixadas em solução de Davidson, processadas para inclusão em parafina, seccionadas e coradas com hematoxilina de Harris e eosina. A análise histológica evidenciou a presença de organismos com características similares a Rickettsia (RLOs, Ancistrocoma, Trichodina, Sphenophrya, Nematopsis, Urastoma, Bucephalus em fase esporocística, metacercária inespecífica e metacestóide de Tylocephalum. As prevalências de infecção foram baixas, com exceção do

Industrial pollution in the region of Paripe-Salvador: effects on the distribution of electric power and possible damages to human health; Poluicao industrial na regiao de Paripe-Salvador: efeitos sob a distribuicao de energia eletrica e possiveis danos a saude humana

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Chaves, Cleuber Sobreira da Silva; Bomfim, Mario Antonio Duarte; Pereira, Osvaldo Soliano [Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), BA (Brazil). Curso de Mestrado em Regulacao da Industria de Energia], e-mail: cchaves@coelba.com.br, e-mail: osoliano@unifacs.br

2008-07-01

In the area of Paripe, in the suburb of Salvador, Bahia, the distribution of electric power of the Company of Electricity of the State of Bahia (COELBA) is facing serious problems with the industrial pollution. That pollution affects the whole distribution net, causing fortuitous lack of energy, in many cases even daily in their feeders. The problem happens due to the accumulation of material associated along the net and more precisely in the distribution insulators, generating a type of dirt, no removable for normal procedures, in the surface of that insulator and it will cause escape currents, causing the lack of energy of the whole distribution electric net. The subject presented in that paper refers to the project of Research and Development (P and D), about Atmospheric Pollution in Insulators of Distribution. The results of the research showed that the atmospheric pollution could cause problems to the population that lives close the polluted area. The purpose of that article is to present relevant data related to the distribution net of COELBA, where there are many lacks of energy and the possibility of do not respect the criterion of quality of the National Agency of Electric power (ANEEL), besides the damages caused the population. (author)

Paleoseismic analysis of the San Vicente segment of the El Salvador Fault Zone, El Salvador, Central America

OpenAIRE

Canora Catalán, Carolina; Villamor Pérez, María Pilar; Martínez Díaz, José J.; Berryman, K.R.; Álvarez Gómez, José Antonio; Capote del Villar, Ramón; Hernández, Walter

2012-01-01

The El Salvador earthquake of February 13th 2001 (Mw 6.6) was associated with the tectonic rupture of the El Salvador Fault Zone. Paleoseismic studies of the El Salvador Fault Zone undertaken after this earthquake provide a basis for examining the longer history of surface rupturing earthquakes on the fault. Trenching at five sites along the San Vicente segment, a 21km-long and up to 2km-wide central section of the El Salvador Fault Zone, shows that surface fault rupture has occurred at least...

Diagnosis of balance between Heritage, housing and tourism in historic centers: case studies from Porto (Portugal and Salvador (Brazil

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Alice Tavares

2018-01-01

Full Text Available The sustainability of cultural values of historic centers depends, to a great extent, on the balance achieved between maintaining the resident population, preventing housing abandonment, and reconciling the new functions installed in those centers. Nowadays, tourism is seen as a solution to reactivate historic centers, often neglecting the original resident population. This study analyzes two examples of urban rehabilitation in historic centers, one in Portugal and another in Brazil, respectively, Porto and Salvador da Bahia, with 1996 and 1985 UNESCO classifications, respectively. The present study analyses the interaction between the evolution of building stock, renting and tourism, focusing on aspects that result in positive and negative actions for the preservation of the built heritage of these centers, their identity and exclusion of traditional residents.

Boraginaceae s.l. A. Juss. em uma área de Caatinga da ESEC Raso da Catarina, BA, Brasil Boraginaceae s.l. A. Juss. in the Caatinga of the Raso da Catarina Ecological Station, Bahia State, Brazil

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José Iranildo Miranda de Melo

2007-06-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho trata do levantamento florístico-taxonômico da família Boraginaceae em um trecho de Caatinga da Estação Ecológica Raso da Catarina, Bahia, Brasil. Foram encontrados sete espécies e três gêneros de Boraginaceae: Cordia (C. globosa (Jacq. Kunth, C. leucocephala Moric. e C. rufescens A.DC., Heliotropium (H. angiospermum Murray e Heliotropium elongatum (Lehm. I.M. Johnst. e Tournefortia (T. rubicunda Salzm. ex A.DC. e T. salzmannii DC.. São apresentadas chaves para identificação de gêneros e espécies, além de descrições, ilustrações, comentários, dados de distribuição e hábitat.A floristic-taxonomic survey of the family Boraginaceae was carried out in a fragment of Caatinga vegetation of the Raso da Catarina Ecological Station, Bahia, Brazil. Seven species and three genera of Boraginaceae were found: Cordia (C. globosa (Jacq. Kunth; C. leucocephala Moric.; C. rufescens A.DC., Heliotropium (H. angiospermum Murray; H. elongatum (Lehm. I.M. Johnst. and Tournefortia (T. rubicunda Salzm. ex A.DC.; T. salzmannii DC.. Keys to identify genera and species are presented together with descriptions, illustrations, and comments on relationships among these taxa, distribution and habitat.

El Salvador: The Prospects for a Successful Revolution

Science.gov (United States)

1986-12-01

sources including an uneven impact of technology, modernization, or growth of a new religion or ideology. 12 5,m € .’ 2I...salvadoreho en el presente siglo (San Salvador, El Salvador: Impreso en El Salvador, Centroamerica, 1984). Things did not improve from 1944-61, as there were...World. Boston: Beacon Press, 1966. Moran, Mariano Castro. Funci6n polftica del ej~cito salvadoreio en el presete siglo . San Salvador, El Salvador

Characterization of sediment from the dredging of storm water channels in the city of Salvador-BA, Brazil aiming to use in structural ceramics; Caracterizacao de sedimento proveniente de dragagem de canais pluviais do municipio de Salvador-BA visando sua utilizacao em ceramica estrutural

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Santos, O.C.; Breitenbach, S.B.; Coelho, R.E., E-mail: engcruz@ig.com.br, E-mail: silviabb@ifba.edu.br, E-mail: rodrigoecoelho@gmail.com [Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencia e Tecnologia da Bahia (IFBA), Salvador (Brazil); Andrade, J.C.S.; Sales Junior, J.C.C., E-mail: jean.engmateriais@gmail.com, E-mail: jccalado@gmail.com [Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia de Materiais; Paskocimas, C.A.; Martinelli, A.E.; Nascimento, R.M., E-mail: paskocimas@uol.com.br, E-mail: aemart@uol.com.br, E-mail: rubensmaribondo@gmail.com [Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN (Brazil). Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencia e Engenharia de Materiais

2017-01-15

The aim of this study was to characterize sediment from the dredging of storm water channels (Scp) in the city of Salvador, Bahia, aiming its maximum replacement by clay in structural ceramics, since this binary mixture is part of the pilot project of the standard mass, in the research of interlocked block ceramic formulation. Initially, the sediment was submitted to the following tests: plasticity index; chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence; mineralogical analysis by X-ray diffraction; thermal and particle size analyses. The morphology of the material was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Then, sediment (Scp) was added to clay from the municipality of Candelas, Bahia, in the proportions of 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt%. Specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressing in dimensions of 60 mm x 20 mm, with compacting pressure of 25 MPa, and the material was humidified with 8% of water. Firing was conducted in resistive furnace at temperatures of 850, 950 and 1050 deg C, with 5 deg C / min heating rate. The properties evaluated were: linear shrinkage; water absorption and modulus of rupture. The results indicated the possibility of using SCP in structural ceramics by the prerequisites required in standards, in the manufacture of tiles, sealing blocks and bricks. (author)

"Incorrigíveis, afeminados, desenfreiados": Indumentária e travestismo na Bahia do século XIX

OpenAIRE

Santos, Jocélio Teles dos

1997-01-01

P. 145-182. RESUMO: Nos registros policiais e nas notícias de jornais baianos oitocentistas encontram-se referências à prisão de travestis (a maioria homens que se "vestiam de mulher"). Utilizando-se de relatos de cronistas e viajantes para situar os modos de vestir e trajar na cidade de Salvador, o autor analisa os casos de travestismo abordando alguns temas correlatos, como o da homossexualidade e aspectos da vida baiana oitocentista. O argumento é que o percurso do travestismo no Brasil...

Associação entre atividade física no tempo livre e proteína C reativa em adultos na cidade de Salvador, Brasil Asociación entre actividad física en el tiempo libre y proteína C reactiva en adultos en la ciudad de Salvador, Brasil Association between leisure-time physical activity and C-reactive protein levels in adults, in the city of Salvador, Brazil

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Francisco Pitanga

2009-04-01

Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: A atividade física no tempo livre (AFTL pode ser identificada como a participação em qualquer tipo de movimento corporal realizado nos momentos de lazer e está associada à redução no risco de diversos agravos cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Verificar se existe associação entre AFTL e proteína C reativa (PCR em adultos, na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi transversal, utilizando amostra composta por 822 adultos de ambos os sexos, com idade > 20 anos de idade. Foram considerados como ativos no tempo livre aqueles que, por meio de entrevista pessoal, informaram participar de atividades físicas nos momentos de lazer. Observaram-se também os níveis plasmáticos altos de PCR nos indivíduos com valores > 3,0 mg/l. Utilizou-se análise de regressão logística para estimar a razão de chances (RC com intervalo de confiança (IC a 95%. RESULTADOS: Após análise multivariada para possíveis confundidores, encontrou-se, entre homens, RC de 0,73 (0,68-0,79 demonstrando associação inversa entre AFTL e PCR elevada apenas em indivíduos do sexo masculino. Após estratificação por sexo, obesidade, diabete e tabagismo, constatou-se associação entre AFTL e PCR elevada em homens fumantes ou ex-fumantes, não-obesos e não-diabéticos, e em mulheres obesas e não-fumantes. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo podem trazer contribuições para a saúde pública, na medida em que podem ser utilizados para conscientizar sobre a importância da AFTL como uma das possíveis estratégias para a melhoria da saúde de grupos populacionais.FUNDAMENTO: Se puede definir la actividad física en el tiempo libre (AFTL como la participación en cualquier tipo de movimiento corporal realizado en los momentos de ocio, y está asociada a la reducción en el riesgo de diversos agravios cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Verificar si existe asociación entre AFTL y proteína C reactiva (PCR en adultos, en la ciudad de Salvador, Bahia. M�

Condições de trabalho e saúde dos professores da rede particular de ensino de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil Labor and health conditions of private school teachers in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil

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Núria Serre Delcor

2004-02-01

Full Text Available A literatura científica sobre a saúde dos professores é escassa e recente, enfocando especialmente o desgaste e estresse. Este trabalho objetivou descrever as condições de trabalho e saúde dos professores da rede particular de ensino da cidade de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil. Num questionário auto-aplicado foram coletadas informações de 250 professores de dez escolas. Entre as características do trabalho docente, avaliadas pelo Job Content Questionnaire, destacaram-se ritmo acelerado de trabalho, ser criativo e ter boas relações com as pessoas no trabalho. As queixas de saúde mais freqüentes estavam relacionadas à postura corporal, à saúde mental e a queixas relacionadas à voz. A prevalência de distúrbios psíquicos menores (DPM, medida pelo Self Reporting Questionnaire-20, foi de 41,5% e estava fortemente associada a longos períodos de intensa concentração em uma mesma tarefa e volume excessivo de trabalho. Os resultados sugerem relação entre a prevalência de DPM e algumas características do trabalho docente, evidenciando desgaste psicológico do educador.The scientific literature on teachers' health is scarce, recent, and focuses predominantly on stress and burnout. This study describes the labor conditions of private school teachers in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia State, Brazil. Information on 250 teachers from the ten largest schools in the municipality was collected through a self-applied questionnaire. The most relevant characteristics of teachers' work, evaluated by the Job Content Questionnaire were: speed of work, creativity at work, and relations with colleagues. The most frequent complaints related to posture, mental strain, and voice problems. Prevalence of minor psychological disorders according to the Self Reporting Questionnaire-20 was 41.5%, strongly associated with long periods of intense concentration on the same job and excessive work. Results suggest an association between the prevalence of

Incidência cumulativa anual de doenças musculoesqueléticas incapacitantes relacionadas ao trabalho em uma área urbana do Brasil Cumulative annual incidence of disabling work-related musculoskeletal disorders in an urban area of Brazil

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Norma Suely Souto Souza

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Estimou-se a incidência cumulativa anual (ICA das doenças musculoesqueléticas incapacitantes que acometem a região cervical e/ou membros superiores (DMEMS relacionadas ao trabalho, entre trabalhadores do Regime Geral da Previdência Social (RGPS de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Trabalhadores que receberam benefícios por incapacidade temporária por DMEMS relacionadas ao trabalho foram considerados casos, em 2008. Os dados provêm dos sistemas administrativos do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS e do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE. A ICA foi de 15 por dez mil trabalhadores. Mulheres, os de menor renda e aqueles que trabalhavam no ramo de atividades financeiras e indústria de transformação tinham maior ICA-DMEMS do que os seus referentes. Mulheres com o menor rendimento (um salário mínimo: R$ 415,00 tiveram a maior ICA-DMEMS, de 123 casos por dez mil. Isso sugere desigualdade na ocorrência dessas enfermidades, indicando a necessidade de priorizar não só ações de prevenção, com foco na ergonomia e organização do trabalho, como também o diagnóstico precoce, tratamento e reabilitação profissional.This study focused on the annual cumulative incidence (ACI of disabling work-related musculoskeletal disorders affecting the neck and/or upper limbs (ULMSD among workers covered by the National Social Insurance System in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. Cases were workers who received disability compensation benefits when unable to work due to ULMSD, during the year 2008. The data were obtained from the administrative systems of the National Social Insurance Institute and Ministry of Labor and Employment. ACI was 15 per 10,000 workers. Increased ACI of ULMSD was associated with female gender, lower income, and work in financial activities or manufacturing. Women earning the minimum wage (US$ 64.00 per month or less had the highest ACI of ULMSD (123 per 10,000, suggesting inequalities in the occurrence of these

Avaliação do conhecimento geral de médicos emergencistas de hospitais de Salvador - Bahia sobre o atendimento de vítimas com parada cardiorrespiratória Assessment of the general knowledge of emergency physicians from the hospitals of the city of Salvador (Brazil on the care of cardiac arrest patients

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Nivaldo Menezes Filgueiras Filho

2006-11-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar a proporção de médicos emergencistas com habilitação em cursos de imersão (SAVC - Suporte Avançado de Vida em Cardiologia e SAVT - Suporte Avançado de Vida no Trauma, relacionando variáveis: idade, sexo, especialidade médica, titulação e tipo de hospital com o grau de conhecimento teórico no atendimento de vítimas de parada cardiorrespiratória. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados de forma consecutiva, de novembro/2003 a julho/2004, os emergencistas de hospitais públicos e privados da cidade de Salvador - Bahia, que voluntariamente aceitaram participar do estudo. Esses responderam a um questionário construído de informações das variáveis de interesse: perfil do profissional, realização ou não dos cursos de imersão SAVC e SAVT, avaliação cognitiva com 22 questões objetivas sobre ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Calculou-se para cada participante um valor de acertos indicado como variável escore. Esse questionário foi validado a partir do resultado do escore dos instrutores do curso SAVC em Salvador - BA. RESULTADOS: Dos 305 médicos que responderam ao questionário, 83 (27,2% haviam realizado o curso SAVC, tendo como média da variável escore o valor de 14,9+3,0, comparada com os 215 médicos (70,5% que não o haviam feito e cuja média foi de 10,5+3,5 (p=0,0001. A média do escore dos 65 cardiologistas (21,5% foi de 14,1+3,3, comparada com os 238 médicos (78,5% que eram de outras especialidades, com média de 9,7+3,7(p=0,0001. Não foi identificada diferença da média do escore entre os médicos que haviam ou não realizado o curso SAVT (p=0,67. CONCLUSÃO: Na amostra avaliada, o conhecimento teórico sobre ressucitação cárdio-pulmonar (RCP foi superior naqueles profissionais que realizaram o SAVC, diferente do que ocorreu naqueles que realizaram o SAVT. Os especialistas em Cardiologia que realizaram o SAVC demonstraram um conhecimento teórico superior, sobre o atendimento de vítimas de parada c

Infestation of Palm Trees by Triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae in the State of Bahia, Brazil

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Rodrigo Gurgel-Gonçalves

2012-12-01

Resumo. As palmeiras desempenham papéis importantes como habitats de reprodução e alimentação para triatomíneos silvestres, vetores da doença de Chagas. A ocorrência de triatomíneos em palmeiras peridomiciliares pode aumentar o risco de invasão desses insetos em domicílios e deve ser considerada para desenvolver estratégias de prevenção. Com objetivo de investigar a infestação de palmeiras por triatomíneos no Estado da Bahia e determinar a infecção natural desses insetos por Trypanosoma spp., foram amostradas 183 palmeiras em 12 municípios entre 2006 e 2011 utilizando captura manual e/ou armadilhas adesivas iscadas com camundongos. Os triatomíneos foram detectados em 79 palmeiras (43% das espécies Copernicia prunifera (Mart. Becc., Mauritia flexuosa L. e Attalea spp. (Attalea burretiana Bondar ou Attalea salvadorensis Glassman. Em outras espécies de palmeiras (Syagrus coronata (Mill H.E. Moore, Attalea funifera Mart ex. Spreng e Elaeis guineensis Jacq não foram detectados triatomíneos. Rhodnius neglectus Lent, Triatoma sordida (Stål, e Triatoma pseudomaculata Corrêa & Espínola ocorreram em C. prunifera ao longo do rio São Francisco. No extremo oeste da Bahia, R. neglectus e Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg foram detectados em M. flexuosa, enquanto Triatoma tibiamaculata (Pinto ocorreu em Attalea sp. em áreas urbanas de Salvador. No total, 180 triatomíneos foram capturados, principalmente R. neglectus. A maior taxa de infecção natural (61% foi observada em T. tibiamaculata. Os resultados indicam que pelo menos três espécies de palmeiras são habitats favoráveis para triatomíneos no estado da Bahia e ocorrem no ambiente peridomiciliar, o que pode aumentar a probabilidade de invasão de triatomíneos nas casas.

October 1986 San Salvador, El Salvador Images

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — At least 1,000 people killed, 10,000 injured, 200,000 homeless and severe damage in the San Salvador area. About 50 fatalities were the result of landslides in the...

O EXTREMO SUL DA BAHIA QUE NÃO PERTENCE A BAHIA

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Sebastião Pinheiro Gonçalves de Cerqueira Neto

2012-04-01

Full Text Available O uso de alguns elementos culturais na análise espacial é mais um caminho dentro das ramificações da geografia que busca a compreensão da dinâmica que o homem impõe ao espaço nos diferentes momentos da história. Em certos casos de estudos regionais o mapeamento cultural é utilizado como método para organizar um Estado, como por exemplo, os territórios de identidade da Bahia. Mas, atualmente, a maior mobilidade das pessoas tem causado dificuldade da manutenção da cultura e dessa forma a sua aplicabilidade é limitada em determinados territórios. A trajetória geográfica do Extremo Sul da Bahia mostra que a ausência de uma identidade cultural regional produziu um cenário de autonomia fazendo com que essa região não mantenha ligações com os vetores que caracterizam a cultura baiana. Palavras chave: espaço, cultura, Extremo Sul da Bahia, região.

Polygonaceae da cadeia do espinhaço, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Melo, Efigênia de

2000-01-01

O estudo da família Polygonaceae é parte do projeto "Estudos de flora e fauna na Cadeia do Espinhaço, Bahia, Brasil". Neste trabalho a área de estudo foi ampliada, abrangendo também as espécies da Cadeia do Espinhaço do Estado de Minas Gerais. A família está representada na área por cinco gêneros, com os respectivos números de espécies: Coccoloba (14): C. acrostichoides, C. alagoensis, C. alnifolia, C. brasiliensis, C. cereifera, C. fastigiata, C. lucidula, C. ochreolata, C. pipericarpa, C. s...

Gammametric reconnaissance of the central region of Bahia and the Bacia do Reconcavo-BA, Brasil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferreira, C.; Torquato, J.R.F.; Barreto, P.T.

1979-01-01

Methods of gamma spectrometry and scintillation counting were utilized for a rapid inexpensive reconaissance survey covering a large are between Salvador and Jacobina. Two radioactive anomalies, one around the Apolonio Mine (apatite)near Gaviao, and the other around the Canavieira Mine (gold and uranium) on the Jacobina Ridge were identified.The advantages of the systematic utilization of this method are worthwhile for detail mapping of small areas as well as regional prospecting. (Author) [pt

Impacto do Programa Água para Todos (PAT sobre a morbi-mortalidade por diarreia em crianças do Estado da Bahia, Brasil Impacto del Programa Agua para Todos (PAT sobre la morbimortalidad por diarrea en niños del Estado de Bahía, Brasil Impact of the Water for All Program (PAT on childhood morbidity and mortality from diarrhea in the Bahia State, Brazil

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Davide Rasella

2013-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o impacto do Programa Água para Todos (PAT, implantado no Estado da Bahia, Brasil, por ampliar a cobertura do saneamento básico em áreas de maior vulnerabilidade. Foram selecionados 224 municípios com informações vitais adequadas. Foi utilizado um desenho de estudo antes-e-depois controlado, efetuando uma análise de regressão multivariada para dados em painel com resposta binomial negativa a efeitos fixos do ano 2005 até 2008. A cobertura do PAT, como variável contínua, esteve associada negativamente (p El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el impacto del Programa Agua para Todos (PAT, implantado en el Estado de Bahía, Brasil, para ampliar la cobertura del saneamiento básico en áreas de mayor vulnerabilidad. Fueron seleccionados 224 municipios con información vital adecuada. Se utilizó un diseño de estudio antes-después controlado, efectuando un análisis de regresión multivariada para los datos en panel con respuesta binomial negativa, a efectos fijos del año 2005 hasta el 2008. La cobertura del PAT, como variable continua, estuvo asociada negativamente (p This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Water for All Program (PAT, launched in Bahia State, Brazil, with the objective of expanding coverage of the water supply and sanitation in areas with high vulnerability to waterborne diseases. A total of 224 municipalities (counties with adequate vital statistics were selected. A controlled before-and-after study design was used, performing analyses with multivariate negative binomial regression with fixed effects, from 2005 to 2008. PAT coverage - as a continuous variable - was negatively associated (p < 0.01 with the under-five mortality rate. Municipalities with coverage ≥ 10% showed a reduction of 39% (p < 0.05 in mortality from diarrhea, under-five mortality of 14% (p < 0.01, and hospitalizations from diarrhea of 6% (p < 0.05 when compared to municipalities without PAT

Principais Acervos de Paleontologia do Brasil

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Eloisa Magalhães Pássaro

2014-07-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho apresenta uma súmula dos principais acervos paleontológicos no Brasil, sem considerar instituições que por ora se encontram fechadas para reforma, com coleções predominantemente didáticas ou acadêmicas e acervos com menos de uma centena de exemplares catalogados. Das trinta instituições listadas, doze deles estão situadas no sudeste (Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Peirópolis, Ouro Preto, São Paulo, Rio Claro, Taubaté e Monte Alto, dez no nordeste (Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Sergipe e Bahia, cinco na região sul (Mafra, Porto Alegre, São Leopoldo e Santa Maria, duas na região norte (Acre e Pará e uma na região centro-oeste. Os maiores acervos de fósseis no Brasil se encontram no Museu de Ciências da Terra do DNPM e no Museu Nacional, ambos no Rio de Janeiro, que reúnem cerca de 260.000 exemplares, ainda que em Aracaju, Sergipe, esteja a terceira maior coleção paleontológica brasileira, com aproximadamente 38.000 fósseis pertencentes à Fundação Paleontológica Phoenix. A maioria dos acervos temáticos está relacionada a fósseis cretáceos, o que é concordante com a abundância de fósseis brasileiros desta idade: no nordeste, os acervos se destacam pelo grande número de invertebrados e peixes, e em Minas Gerais e São Paulo, pelos seus répteis. Outros acervos temáticos encontram-se no Rio Grande do Sul (répteis triássicos, São Paulo (icnofósseis mesozóicos, Santa Catarina (invertebrados paleozoicos, Ceará e Pernambuco (icnofósseis siluro-devonianos e Ceará, Bahia, Minas Gerais e Acre (megafauna cenozoica. Os museus mais antigos do Brasil com acervos paleontológicos são o Museu Nacional, criado em 1818 no Rio de Janeiro, o Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, aberto em 1866 em Belém, e o Museu de Ciência e Técnica da Escola de Minas de Ouro Preto, criado em 1884, todos centenários.

TRAJETÓRIAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL E CAPITAL SOCIAL NA CIDADE PINTADAS – BAHIA - BRASIL

OpenAIRE

dos Santos Filho, Antonio Muniz

2012-01-01

Este artigo tem como objetivo discorrer acerca do papel do “Projeto Rede Pintadas” no fomento ao Desenvolvimento Local e a articulação comunitária do município de Pintadas – Bahia, com vista ao adensamento do Capital Social. Essas proposições são viabilizadas através da organização da sociedade civil institucionalizada no referido “Projeto”. Tomamos como parâmetro para análise, a adoção das estratégias organizacionais para o empoderamento, a gestão participativa e, consequentemente, o adensam...

TRAJETÓRIAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL E CAPITAL SOCIAL NA CIDADE PINTADAS – BAHIA - BRASIL

OpenAIRE

dos Santos Filho, Antonio Muniz; Rios, Reuelio Marques

2012-01-01

  Este artigo tem como objetivo discorrer acerca do papel do “Projeto Rede Pintadas” no fomento ao Desenvolvimento Local e a articulação comunitária do município de Pintadas – Bahia, com vista ao adensamento do Capital Social. Essas proposições são viabilizadas através da organização da sociedade civil institucionalizada no referido “Projeto”. Tomamos como parâmetro para análise, a adoção das estratégias organizacionais para o empoderamento, a gestão participativa e, consequentemente, o adens...

Amphibians of Serra Bonita, southern Bahia: a new hotpoint within Brazil’s Atlantic Forest hotspot

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Iuri Dias

2014-10-01

Full Text Available We studied the amphibian community of the Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN Serra Bonita, an area of 20 km2 with steep altitudinal gradients (200–950 m a.s.l. located in the municipalities of Camacan and Pau-Brasil, southern Bahia State, Brazil. Data were obtained at 38 sampling sites (including ponds and transects within the forest and in streams, through active and visual and acoustic searches, pitfall traps, and opportunistic encounters. We recorded 80 amphibian species distributed in 15 families: Aromobatidae (1, Brachycephalidae (3, Bufonidae (4, Centrolenidae (2, Ceratophryidae (1, Craugastoridae (7, Eleutherodactylidae (2, Hemiphractidae (2, Hylidae (42, Hylodidae (1, Leptodactylidae (7, Microhylidae (3, Siphonopidae (1, Odontophrynidae (3 and Pipidae (1. Species richness was positively correlated with monthly rainfall. Near 36% of the species were found in strictly forest environments, 15% are endemic to Bahia State and 77.2% are endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome. The large species diversity of this small area, the high degree of endemism and the taxonomic and biogeographic significance turn the Serra Bonita mountain into a hotpoint for amphibians within Brazil’s Atlantic Forest hotspot.

Amphibians of Serra Bonita, southern Bahia: a new hotpoint within Brazil’s Atlantic Forest hotspot

Science.gov (United States)

Dias, Iuri Ribeiro; Medeiros, Tadeu Teixeira; Vila Nova, Marcos Ferreira; Solé, Mirco

2014-01-01

Abstract We studied the amphibian community of the Private Reserve of Natural Heritage (RPPN) Serra Bonita, an area of 20 km2 with steep altitudinal gradients (200–950 m a.s.l.) located in the municipalities of Camacan and Pau-Brasil, southern Bahia State, Brazil. Data were obtained at 38 sampling sites (including ponds and transects within the forest and in streams), through active and visual and acoustic searches, pitfall traps, and opportunistic encounters. We recorded 80 amphibian species distributed in 15 families: Aromobatidae (1), Brachycephalidae (3), Bufonidae (4), Centrolenidae (2), Ceratophryidae (1), Craugastoridae (7), Eleutherodactylidae (2), Hemiphractidae (2), Hylidae (42), Hylodidae (1), Leptodactylidae (7), Microhylidae (3), Siphonopidae (1), Odontophrynidae (3) and Pipidae (1). Species richness was positively correlated with monthly rainfall. Near 36% of the species were found in strictly forest environments, 15% are endemic to Bahia State and 77.2% are endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome. The large species diversity of this small area, the high degree of endemism and the taxonomic and biogeographic significance turn the Serra Bonita mountain into a hotpoint for amphibians within Brazil’s Atlantic Forest hotspot. PMID:25408616

Identidade coletiva negra e escolha eleitoral no Brasil

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Gladys Mitchell

2009-11-01

Full Text Available Alguns estudiosos não examinam identidade racial de grupo entre os afro-brasileiros por causa da história do Brasil como uma nação racialmente mista. Dada a crescente força dos movimentos negros e a adoção de políticas raciais como ações afirmativas, que pressupõem a existência de grupos raciais, é necessário examinar se a identidade racial de grupo é saliente. Utilizando dados coletados em survey original de 2006, em Salvador e São Paulo, há evidências de que uma maioria esmagadora de afro-brasileiros se identifica como um grupo racial. Além disso, existe uma relação positiva e estatisticamente significante entre a identificação como um grupo racial e de voto para políticos negros em Salvador, porém não em São Paulo.A number of scholars do not examine racial group identity among Afro-Brazilians because of Brazil's history as a racially mixed nation. Given the growing strength of the black movements and the enactment of racial policies such as affirmative action that presume the existence of racial groups it is necessary to examine if racial group identity is salient. Using original survey data collected in 2006 in Salvador and São Paulo, Brazil, there is evidence that an overwhelming majority of Afro-Brazilians in identify as a racial group. Furthermore, there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between identifying as a racial group and voting for black politicians in Salvador but not in São Paulo.

Alterações hepáticas em trabalhadores de uma refinaria de petróleo e em uma população de referência no Estado da Bahia, Brasil Liver changes in workers at an oil refinery and in a reference population in the state of Bahia, Brazil

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João Luiz Barberino

2005-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de alterações nas enzimas hepáticas de trabalhadores de uma refinaria de petróleo localizada no Estado da Bahia em comparação a uma população de referência não ocupacionalmente exposta a produtos químicos, e descrever os fatores associados à variação nessa prevalência. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados os trabalhadores da refinaria e os funcionários do escritório da gerência administrativa da empresa, situada em Salvador, capital do Estado da Bahia. Estudaram-se amostras de sangue de 692 trabalhadores da refinaria e de 377 trabalhadores da população de referência. Classificaram-se como casos de alterações hepáticas indivíduos que apresentaram valores acima dos padrões de referência simultaneamente para gama-glutamiltransferase (GGT (>50 U/L para o sexo masculino e >32 U/L para o sexo feminino e alanina aminotrans- ferase (ALT (>50 U/L. Foram coletadas informações sobre idade, sexo, peso, altura, tempo de serviço, uso de álcool, hábito de fumar, exercício físico, exposição ocupacional a produtos químicos, uso de equipamento de proteção individual e antecedentes médicos de hepatite, icterícia e obesidade. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de alterações hepáticas na refinaria foi de 15,3% (IC95%: 12,5 a 18,1, contra 3,8% (IC95%: 1,8 a 5,8 na população de referência. A análise de regressão logística múltipla estimou que os trabalhadores da refinaria apresentavam uma prevalência de alterações hepáticas 3,56 vezes maior (IC95%: 1,99 a 6,38 do que a prevalência observada na população de referência, independentemente de outras covariáveis relevantes, como obesidade, prática de exercícios físicos, fumo e bebida alcoólica. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados sugerem que a exposição ocupacional desempenha um papel importante na determinação das alterações hepáticas nos trabalhadores dessa refinaria de petróleo.OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of liver changes in

Dermatozoonosis by Culicoides' bite (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae in Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil: III - Epidemiological aspects

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Italo A. Sherlock

1965-01-01

Full Text Available Nesta terceira contribuiçãos os Autores apresentam os aspectos Epídemiológicos da Dermatozoonose pela picada de Culicoides em Salvador. Salientam que embora a densidade de insetos outros de hábitos antropófilos seja elevada na cidade, as seguintes evidências os conduziram a responsabilizar os Culicoides: conincidência do aparecimento de casos de Dermatozoonose após um período de maior densidade de Culicoides; maior número de casos, desde que a densidade de Culicoides aumentou nos últimos anos; proveni~encia de maior número de casos dos bairros onde há maior infestação de Culicoides. A Dermatozoonose é acentuadamente mais freqüente no sexo feminino. Houve maior número de casos entre os negros, talvez devido a maior freqüencia de negros que procuram tratamento no Hospital das Clínicas. Não há predominância acentuada para determinado grupo etário. Num levantamento que fizeram sôbre a incomodidade do Culicoides observaram que 81% de 593 residências visitadas em diferentes bairros, são incomodadas, sendo o inverno a época de maior incômodo. As horas de maior incômodo, coincidem com a ocorrência horária máxima do Culicoides. Observaram que as medidas usadas pela população para combate ao inseto são inadequadas pois, em 56% das residências não se obtém qualquer resultado. Considerando que nesses último cinco anos a densidade de Culicoides aumentou inexplicàvelmente em Salvador, julgam que os seguintes fatôres participara para que êsse fenômeno ocorresse: a extinção do Serviço de Profilaxia da Febre Amarela em 1956, o qual, indiretamente, por meio de sua "polícia de fócos" combatendo o Aedes aegypti, controlava os Culicoides; o crescimento da cidade, aumentando o número de fossas, já que não existe um sistema de esgotos adequado; e a deficiência do Serviço de Limpeza Pública da Cidade, ocasionando o acúmulo de lixo nos quintais, terrenos baldios e mesmo em logradouros públicos. Essas condi

Universidade, sociedade e território no Brasil: Um estudo de caso na Bahia

OpenAIRE

da Silva Brito, Marialda

2013-01-01

Esta investigación aborda la relación de la universidad con la sociedad y el territorio en Brasil y, particularmente, en el estado de Bahía. Concretamente son estudiados algunos condicionantes socio-territoriales a fin de comprobar sus relaciones con el surgimiento de esas instituciones de enseñanza superior y, al mismo tiempo, también son observadas las influencias de ellas sobre el desarrollo territorial. La metodología para investigar esta realidad dirigida al Brasil y Bahía, ha seguido pr...

Aspectos clínicos e demográficos da fenilcetonúria no Estado da Bahia Aspectos clínicos y demográficos de la fenilcetonuria en la provincia de Bahia - Brasil Clinical and demographic aspects of phenylketonuria in Bahia State, Brazil

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Tatiana Amorim

2011-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever as características clínicas e demográficas dos pacientes com diagnóstico de hiperfenilalaninemia acompanhados no Serviço de Referência em Triagem Neonatal da Bahia. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de 99 famílias (111 afetados com fenótipo bioquímico de hiperfenilalaninemia, com coleta de dados em prontuários e em banco de dados laboratorial, incluindo aspectos demográficos e clínicos. RESULTADOS: A incidência de hiperfenilalaninemia na Bahia foi de um caso a cada 16.334 nascidos vivos, com cobertura de 91%. Dentre os pacientes acompanhados, 82% foram diagnosticados pela triagem neonatal e, em 11 famílias, havia mais de um caso. O fenótipo clássico da fenilcetonúria foi diagnosticado em 63 (57% pacientes. Entre os triados, a mediana de idade na primeira consulta foi 39,5 dias e, deles, 34% apresentavam sintomatologia nesse momento; nenhum com atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. A consanguinidade foi descrita em 32% dos casos e houve predomínio de pacientes classificados como brancos (63%. Os pais tinham baixa escolaridade e baixa renda. Dos 417 municípios da Bahia, 15% apresentavam pelo menos um caso, com concentração na região nordeste (10% e na capital do Estado (14%. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados evidenciaram idade tardia ao início do tratamento, o que pode comprometer os resultados do programa. Observou-se também presença de consanguinidade e recorrência familiar, reforçando a importância da investigação familiar para diagnosticar indivíduos com deficiência mental de etiologia não esclarecida que podem se beneficiar de tratamento.OBJETIVO: Describir las características clínicas y demográficas de los pacientes con diagnóstico de Hiperfenilalaninemia (HPA seguidos en el Servicio de Referencia en Selección Neonatal de Bahia. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal incluyendo a 99 familias (111 afectados con fenotipo bioquímico de HPA, con recolección de datos en prontuarios y en base de datos

Images and meanings in the discourse of the press media on a benzene occupational intoxication epidemic

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Maria Ligia Rangel-S

2006-01-01

Full Text Available The study analyses the construction of a certain public image, as built by four daily newspapers published in Salvador-Bahia-Brazil, for the different social actors involved in a public debate, during a benzene occupational intoxication epidemic, which affected workers from the Petrochemical Complex of Camaçari-Bahia-Brasil (COPEC, during the years of 1990 and 1991. This study uses references applied by the Symbolic Interactionism perspective, mainly coming from Erving Goffman, one of the most expressive sociologists in this research area, enabling the analysis of discourses contained in the newspapers by using the analytical categories: "voice", "footing" and "face" on 30% of the journalistic material published, during eighteen months. The analysis revealed the building of hesitating, conflicting and docile "faces", which occurred due to the dynamic variations in which the social actors were displayed and how they were put to operate in the text. The texts build up a variety of public images for petrochemical complex workers, for employers of COPEC and for governmental representatives.

[Smoking: knowledge, attitudes, habits and degree of dependence of young adults in Salvador].

Science.gov (United States)

de Almeida, Aline Farias; Mussi, Fernanda Carneiro

2006-12-01

This study was aimed at evaluating the degree of smoking dependence and to characterize social demographic data, habits and attitudes of young smokers. Answered the questionnairel02 students from Salvador, State of Bahia, of which 11 were smokers. Their mean age and the age in which they first smoked were 18.2 and 13.4 years respectively. Most of them were male, in the first year of senior high school, of brown skin color and had close relatives who smoke. The majority of those young smokers had been advised about the risks of smoking at home and in school, but few had knowledge about the benefits of quitting. Almost half of them had been smoking for more than three years and had started to smoke out of curiosity. More than half of them smoked one cigarette per day, with low levels of nicotine, bought the cigarettes in shops, and wanted and tried to quit smoking, but never succeeded. The degree of dependence was low for most of them. This study offers hints for nurses to act against smoking with young adults.

Mining in El Salvador

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pacheco Cueva, Vladimir

2014-01-01

In this guest article, Vladimir Pacheco, a social scientist who has worked on mining and human rights shares his perspectives on a current campaign against mining in El Salvador – Central America’s smallest but most densely populated country.......In this guest article, Vladimir Pacheco, a social scientist who has worked on mining and human rights shares his perspectives on a current campaign against mining in El Salvador – Central America’s smallest but most densely populated country....

Avaliação hematológica e dosagem bioquímica de ALT, AST e creatinina em elefante-marinho-do-sul, Mirounga leonina (linnaeus, 1758, encontrado no litoral de Salvador, Bahia

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Bruno Lopes Bastos

2006-02-01

Full Text Available Since 1999 the Aquatic Mammals Rescue Center - AMRC has been working in the rescue and rehabilitation of stranded cetaceans and pinnipeds on the coast of Bahia, Brazil. This paper presents and analyses the blood cells count and clinical chemistry of alanine aminotransferase (ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST and creatinine of a southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina (LINNAEUS, 1758, found on February the 11th at Barra Beach, Salvador, BA. The specimen was an orphan male calf, with 137cm of length and estimated weight of 49kg. It presented bad nutritional conditions and a shark bite on the right shoulder area. Clinical management was performed for 56 days, anthelmintic Febendazole was utilized, and the bite was treated with iodined alcohol, Nitrofurazone solution and Kethanserin, simultaneously with Enrofloxacin 10%, Potenay®, Vitamin B Complex and Benerva®. On the 16th the animal presented a right unilateral conjuntivitis, treated with Cloranphenicol oftalmic pomade until the end of its stay in the captive. During this period a total of six blood samples were collected, three for total blood counts and the others for the biochemistry determination of ALT, AST and creatinine. According to the haematological analysis the seal developed an anaemia which was classified as microcytic and normochromic. Lymphopenia, eosinopenia and monocytopenia were also observed, possibly due to its handling and stress conditions. The clinical chemistry presented low values for AST and creatinine, although this did not represent the existence of any pathologic context or disease with clinical significance.

Estudantes indígenas no contexto universitário da Universidade Federal da Bahia

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Ana Cláudia Gomes de Souza

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Na pesquisa que desenvolvo no âmbito do doutorado em antropologia da Universidade Federal da Bahia, tenho acompanhado os percursos acadêmicos de estudantes indígenas que ingressaram, desde 2005, no programa de ações afirmativas dessa Universidade. Trata-se de jovens na faixa etária entre 18 - 29 anos, de diversas etnias do estado da Bahia, que ingressaram nas áreas de direito, letras, artes, ciências sociais, engenharias, economia, enfermagem, medicina, comunicação e bacharelado interdisciplinar. Em todos os casos o estudante foi o primeiro membro da família a ingressar na universidade. O objetivo da pesquisa é perceber como essa experiência tem sido por eles significada e, simultaneamente, identificar as estratégias pessoais e comunitárias utilizadas para a adaptação no espaço universitário; as demandas de formação, por parte desses jovens e das suas comunidades de pertencimento; e as suas expectativas após a conclusão dos cursos. De modo geral, esses jovens estudantes destacam as dificuldades interpostas ao acesso e à permanência na universidade, assim como certas insuficiências das políticas institucionais de ações afirmativas voltadas para o ensino superior no Brasil.

Cerambycidae (Coleoptera do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia

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Ubirajara R. Martins

2013-09-01

Full Text Available Novas espécies em Cerambycinae são descritas do Brasil, Piauí: Compsibidion paragraphycum sp. nov. (Neoibidionini. Em Lamiinae, - do Piauí: Trichohippopsis vestita sp. nov. (Agapanthiini; Oncioderes piauiensis sp. nov. (Onciderini; Cotycicuiara caracolensis sp. nov. (Desmiphorini; Xenofrea peculiaris sp. nov. (Xenofreini; Mariliana bellula sp. nov. (Hemilophini; - da Paraíba: Ataxia arenaria sp. nov. (Pteropliini; Dadoychus atrus sp. nov. (Hemilophini. Novos registros em Cerambycinae para o Piauí: Methia longipennis Martins, 1997 (Methiini; Tropidion sipolisi (Gounelle, 1909, Compsibidion decoratum (Gounelle, 1909, Cycnidolon obliquum Martins, 1969 (Neoibidionini; - para o Ceará: Paranyssicus conspicillatus (Erichson, 1847 (Elaphidiini; Aglaoschema collorata (Napp, 1993 (Compsocerini; - para a Bahia: Stizocera phtisica Gounelle, 1909 (Elaphidiini. Novos registros em Lamiinae para o Piauí: Dolichosybra tubericollis Breuning, 1942 (Apomecynini; Ceiupaba lineata Martins & Galileo, 1998, Cicuiara striata (Bates, 1866, Desmiphora pallida Bates, 1874 (Desmiphorini; Nesozineus apharus Galileo & Martins, 1996, Psapharochrus nigrovittatus (Zajciw, 1969 (Acanthoderini; - para o Ceará: Trichohippopsis rufula Breuning, 1958 (Agapanthiini; Ataxia parva Galileo & Martins, 2011 (Pteropliini; Desmiphora cirrosa Erichson, 1847 (Desmiphorini; - para a Paraíba: Eudesmus rubefactus Bates, 1865 (Onciderini; Laraesima ochreoapicalis Breuning, 1973 (Compsosomatini; Psapharochrus itatiayensis (Melzer, 1935 (Acanthoderini; - para a Bahia: Brasiliosoma tibialis (Breuning, 1948 (Compsosomatini; Adesmus hemispilus (Germar, 1821 (Hemilophini.

Ants interacting with fruits of Melocactus conoideus Buining & Brederoo (Cactaceae in southwestern Bahia, Brazil

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Katielle Silva Brito-Kateivas

2012-04-01

Full Text Available http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n3p153   Formigas que interagem com frutos de Melocactus conoideus Buining & Brederoo (Cactaceae no sudoeste da Bahia, Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar quais espécies de formigas interagem com os frutos de Melocactus conoideus e se existe remoção. O estudo foi realizado no Parque Municipal Serra do Periperi, município de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, área de ocorrência da espécie. Frutos de 30 indivíduos foram marcados e observados durante o dia para identificação do comportamento das formigas. Sete espécies de cinco subfamílias de formigas foram observadas interagindo com os frutos e os gêneros mais envolvidos em interações foram Camponotus e Pheidole. Três eventos de remoção foram observados e realizados apenas pela espécie Pheidole sp. 2. Apesar de M. conoideus não ser uma espécie mirmecocórica, formigas foram registradas como dispersoras oportunistas, atividade que pode ter importantes consequências para a dinâmica populacional da espécie.

0 Elemental Composition of Atmospheric Particulate Matter during ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Michael Horsfall

0. Present Address: Stelyus L. Mkoma (Postdoc), Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry,. Institute of Chemistry, LPQ Lab, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador-Bahia, Brazil., GSM: +55 71 92132325,. Home: +55 71 32451751. Email: stelyusm@gmail.com. JASEM ISSN 1119-8362. All rights reserved.

Acessibilidade à atenção básica a famílias negras em bairro popular de Salvador, Brasil Acceso a la atención básica de familias negras en comunidad popular de Salvador, Brasil Accessibility to primary health care by black families in a poor neighborhood of Salvador, Northeastern Brazil

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Leny Alves Bomfim Trad

2012-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar a acessibilidade de famílias negras de bairro popular aos serviços de atenção básica à saúde. MÉTODOS: Estudo etnográfico, ancorado na antropologia de base interpretativa, realizado com 18 famílias selecionadas de um bairro popular de Salvador, BA, no período de dois anos. Os critérios de inclusão foram residência no bairro e autoclassificação como negros. A análise se baseou na antropologia interpretativa e considerou as categorias: autorreferência étnico-racial; experiências de discriminação nos serviços; percepção sobre acessibilidade na atenção básica; e barreiras de acessibilidade. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Identificaram-se os seguintes aspectos: a identidade étnico-racial e saúde: percepção dos usuários de que as barreiras organizacionais e de acesso se devem a um amplo contexto social que produz cidadãos "de primeira e de segunda categorias", mais do que a um racismo institucional; b acessibilidade no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS: acesso problemático, permeado pela demora no atendimento, falta de compromisso dos profissionais de saúde, omissão dos gestores no controle e correção dessas situações; c acessibilidade na atenção básica: visão sobre o contexto mais geral do SUS e apoio na descrição dos entrevistados sobre o acesso aos serviços de atenção básica. CONCLUSÕES: Há barreiras de acessibilidade econômicas, organizacionais e culturais que se interpõem entre a oferta de serviços e o atendimento efetivo e oportuno das necessidades da população estudada.OBJETIVO: Analizar el acceso de familias negras de comunidad popular a los servicios de atención básica de salud MÉTODOS: Estudio etnográfico, basado en antropología de base interpretativa, realizado con 18 familias seleccionadas de una comunidad popular de Salvador, BA, Brasil, en período de dos años. Los criterios de inclusión fueron residencia en la comunidad y auto-clasificación como negros. El an

Geografia da desigualdade social: Uma perspectiva de geografia urbana crítica apresentada a partir do exemplo da produção social da favela em Salvador-BA

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Veronika Deffner

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Para a análise empírica do fenômeno da reprodução invisível das desigualdades sociais e espaciais nas cidades brasileiras, elaborou-se a proposta, aqui apresentada, de uma geografía da desigualdade social, a fim de embasar uma investigação das desigualdades, destacando o espaço como força poderosa no processo de reprodução social. Trata-se de uma geografía urbana hermenêutica, no sentido de entender a textura da cidade em sua construção social. O conceito foi operacionalizado a partir do exemplo idiográfico da cidade de Salvador-BA, com o intuito de disponibilizar um modelo operacional e aplicável também a outras metrópoles, tanto no Brasil como em outras formações sociais caraterizadas por mecanismos ocultos que disfarçam e perpetuam a lógica da dominação social, as sociedades da chamada “perifería da modernidade”, segundo o sociólogo brasileiro Jessé Souza (2000, 2006. O papel da Geografia nessa perspectiva é o de buscar compreender a textura urbana fragmentada e dividida pelas disposições sociais, a partir do exame do fenômeno específico das favelas. Abstract GEOGRAPHY OF SOCIAL INEQUALITY: APPROACH FOR A CRITICAL URBAN GEOGRAPHY PRESENTED BY THE SOCIAL PRODUCTION OF THE FAVELA IN SALVADOR (BAHIA The empirical analysis of the invisible reproduction of social and spatial inequalities in Brazilian cities demands a specific approach. The following article highlights this approach while taking a critical view on a geography of social inequality. It intends to conceptually contribute to the ongoing research into the causes of perpetuating injustices and examining space as a powerful factor in the reproduction of social inequality. This approach, which is one of hermeneutical geography, aims to understand the structure of the city in its social construction. Taking the idiographic example of Salvador in Brazil background knowledge was acquired following the principles of grounded theory. The approach should be

A antroponímia dos matriculados na sociedade protetora dos desvalidos durante a segunda década do século XX

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Victor Cavalcanti Mariano

2013-05-01

Full Text Available O presente trabalho traz à baila a discussão sobre a antroponímia de uma parcela da população afrodescendente do Brasil. O texto tenta mostrar, relacionando a história da Bahia e do Brasil, o porquê de os nomes próprios africanos terem praticamente se extinguido no país, revelando possíveis fatores que levaram os negros a adotar nomes de origem europeia. Para tanto, faz-se uso do livro de matrícula da Sociedade Protetora dos Desvalidos (SPD, uma irmandade negra de Salvador que existe desde 1832, quando ainda havia o regime escravocrata no Brasil. Analisam-se aqui os nomes presentes no livro a partir da segunda década do século XX. A partir da leitura de textos que tratam da antroponímia no Brasil e em Portugal, bem como de textos que traçam a história da escravidão brasileira e da SPD, além da análise dos nomes presentes no livro de matrícula, confirma-se a hipótese do uso de nomes de origem europeia pelos negros brasileiros e procura-se criar hipóteses para a explicação de tal fato.

Triggering of destructive earthquakes in El Salvador

Science.gov (United States)

Martínez-Díaz, José J.; Álvarez-Gómez, José A.; Benito, Belén; Hernández, Douglas

2004-01-01

We investigate the existence of a mechanism of static stress triggering driven by the interaction of normal faults in the Middle American subduction zone and strike-slip faults in the El Salvador volcanic arc. The local geology points to a large strike-slip fault zone, the El Salvador fault zone, as the source of several destructive earthquakes in El Salvador along the volcanic arc. We modeled the Coulomb failure stress (CFS) change produced by the June 1982 and January 2001 subduction events on planes parallel to the El Salvador fault zone. The results have broad implications for future risk management in the region, as they suggest a causative relationship between the position of the normal-slip events in the subduction zone and the strike-slip events in the volcanic arc. After the February 2001 event, an important area of the El Salvador fault zone was loaded with a positive change in Coulomb failure stress (>0.15 MPa). This scenario must be considered in the seismic hazard assessment studies that will be carried out in this area.

Biologia reprodutiva de Dipsas neivai Amaral e D. catesbyi (Sentzen (Serpentes, Colubridae no sudeste da Bahia, Brasil Reproductive biology in Dipsas neivai and D. catesbyi (Serpentes, Colubridae in southeastern Bahia, Brasil

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Fátima Q. Alves

2005-09-01

Full Text Available A biologia reprodutiva de Dipsas neivai Amaral, 1923 e Dipsas catesbyi (Sentezen, 1796 foi estudada através da dissecção de 261 espécimes de D. neivai e 222 de D. catesbyi. Em D. neivai o macho amadurece com menor tamanho do que a fêmea, ocorrendo o oposto em D. catesbyi. Em ambas as espécies a fêmea atinge maior tamanho corporal que o macho. O tamanho da ninhada variou de um a oito ovos em D. neivai e de um a seis em D. catesbyi, não estando correlacionado com o tamanho da fêmea na última. O ciclo reprodutivo em ambos machos e fêmeas é contínuo, com vitelogênese e espermatogênese ocorrendo ao longo do ano todo. Em Dipsas neivai, a cópula nas fêmeas é dissociado da vitelogênese. D. neivai e D. catesbyi são sintópicas, e reproduzem no mesmo período do ano, o que possivelmente está relacionado à disponibilidade contínua de presas e à pouca variação climática no sudeste da Bahia.The reproductive biology of Dipsas neivai Amaral, 1923 and Dipsas catesbyi (Sentzen, 1796, was studied by dissecting 261 specimens of D. neivai and 222 of D. catesbyi. In D. neivai males mature at smaller body size than females, and in D. catesbyi the opposite was observed. The females were larger than males in both species. The clutch size ranged from one to eight in D. neivai, and one to six in D. catesbyi, but it is not correlated with female length in the last one. Reproductive cycles in both males and females are aseasonal, with vitelogensis and spermatogenesis occurring throughout the year. The couple in females of D. neivai is dissociated from the vitellogenesis. D. neivai and D. catesbyi are syntopic and reproduce in the same time of the year, which is possibly related to the continuous availability of prey and little climate variation in southern Bahia.

Characterization of sediment from the dredging of storm water channels in the city of Salvador-BA, Brazil aiming to use in structural ceramics

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Santos, O.C.; Breitenbach, S.B.; Coelho, R.E.; Andrade, J.C.S.; Sales Junior, J.C.C.; Paskocimas, C.A.; Martinelli, A.E.; Nascimento, R.M.

2017-01-01

The aim of this study was to characterize sediment from the dredging of storm water channels (Scp) in the city of Salvador, Bahia, aiming its maximum replacement by clay in structural ceramics, since this binary mixture is part of the pilot project of the standard mass, in the research of interlocked block ceramic formulation. Initially, the sediment was submitted to the following tests: plasticity index; chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence; mineralogical analysis by X-ray diffraction; thermal and particle size analyses. The morphology of the material was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Then, sediment (Scp) was added to clay from the municipality of Candelas, Bahia, in the proportions of 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt%. Specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressing in dimensions of 60 mm x 20 mm, with compacting pressure of 25 MPa, and the material was humidified with 8% of water. Firing was conducted in resistive furnace at temperatures of 850, 950 and 1050 deg C, with 5 deg C / min heating rate. The properties evaluated were: linear shrinkage; water absorption and modulus of rupture. The results indicated the possibility of using SCP in structural ceramics by the prerequisites required in standards, in the manufacture of tiles, sealing blocks and bricks. (author)

[The knowledge of pediatricians in Salvador, Brazil about measles vaccine].

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Moreira, L A; Carvalho, F M; Silvany-Neto, A M; Peres, M F

1997-12-01

The success of international initiatives for the eradication of measles depends in large part on knowledge about vaccination. In 1992, a cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate knowledge about measles vaccine among pediatricians in the Brazilian city of Salvador, Bahia. Of the 506 pediatricians residing in the city, 299 (59%) could be located and responded to a questionnaire containing 15 questions that posed hypothetical situations regarding indications and contraindications for this vaccine. The average number of correct responses was 9.3 out of 15, which illustrates the pediatricians' poor knowledge of measles vaccine. Conditions commonly seen in pediatric practice in Brazil--malnutrition, upper respiratory tract infection, diarrhea, and prematurity--were often erroneously considered contraindications for immunization. More than half (62%) of the pediatricians did not know the correct way to administer the vaccine. Knowledge about the vaccine did not differ according to the length of time that had elapsed since the physicians' university training in pediatrics or as a result of working in health centers operated by the State Health Secretariat. University professors, pediatricians with a postgraduate degree, and those pursuing postgraduate studies scored slightly higher than the rest. These results point to the need to strengthen training on measles vaccination in medical schools and programs of continuing education for pediatricians.

Has El Salvador Fault Zone produced M ≥ 7.0 earthquakes? The 1719 El Salvador earthquake

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Canora, C.; Martínez-Díaz, J.; Álvarez-Gómez, J.; Villamor, P.; Ínsua-Arévalo, J.; Alonso-Henar, J.; Capote, R.

2013-05-01

Historically, large earthquakes, Mw ≥ 7.0, in the Εl Salvador area have been attributed to activity in the Cocos-Caribbean subduction zone. Τhis is correct for most of the earthquakes of magnitude greater than 6.5. However, recent paleoseismic evidence points to the existence of large earthquakes associated with rupture of the Εl Salvador Fault Ζone, an Ε-W oriented strike slip fault system that extends for 150 km through central Εl Salvador. Τo calibrate our results from paleoseismic studies, we have analyzed the historical seismicity of the area. In particular, we suggest that the 1719 earthquake can be associated with paleoseismic activity evidenced in the Εl Salvador Fault Ζone. Α reinterpreted isoseismal map for this event suggests that the damage reported could have been a consequence of the rupture of Εl Salvador Fault Ζone, rather than rupture of the subduction zone. Τhe isoseismal is not different to other upper crustal earthquakes in similar tectonovolcanic environments. We thus challenge the traditional assumption that only the subduction zone is capable of generating earthquakes of magnitude greater than 7.0 in this region. Τhis result has broad implications for future risk management in the region. Τhe potential occurrence of strong ground motion, significantly higher and closer to the Salvadorian populations that those assumed to date, must be considered in seismic hazard assessment studies in this area.

Salvador Dali Kopenhaagenis / Ave Räkk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Räkk, Ave

1999-01-01

Salvador Dalí näitus Kopenhaageni moodsa kunsti muuseumis Arkenis kuni 2. I 2000. Eksponeeritud 119 originaaljoonistust autobiograafilisest raamatust 'The secret life of Salvador Dali', umbes 300 illustratsiooni, graafikat, skulptuure, kuld ja klaasehistöid, mööblit ja üks maal: 1944. a. valminud, esmakordselt avalikkuse ees olev 'Papillion'.

Hydrocarbon market in El Salvador; Mercado de hidrocarburos en El Salvador

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nava de Hernandez, Gina Mercedes [Ministerio de Economia, Direccion de Energia, Minas e Hidrocarburos (El Salvador)

1997-07-01

This document presents a summary of the present situation of the market of hydrocarbons in El Salvador, doing a synthesis of the conformation of the industry, of the demand of the country, the prices and others. In addition, it shows the situation before and after the deregulation, making emphasis in the changes originated by such a measure. [Spanish] El presente documento presenta un resumen de la situacion actual del mercado de los hidrocarburos en El Salvador, haciendo una sintesis de la conformacion de la industria, de la demanda del pais, los precios y otros. Ademas muestra la situacion antes y despues de la desregulacion, haciendo enfasis en los cambios ocurridos por tal medida.

Prevalência de dislipidemias em adultos da demanda laboratorial de Salvador, Brasil Prevalence of dyslipidemias in non-hospital laboratory tests of adults from Salvador, Brazil

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Ines Lessa

1997-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência das dislipidemias em adultos da demanda laboratorial não-hospitalar da cidade de Salvador (BA. MÉTODOS: Casuística procedente de amostra probabilística de 25% dos laboratórios não-hospitalares da cidade que usavam o método enzimático para dosagem dos lípides séricos e controle de qualidade da Sociedade Brasileira de Patologia Clínica (93% do total; LDL estimado pela fórmula de Friedewald. Sorteados os meses ímpares de 1995 para o estudo. Critérios para dislipidemias, em mg/dl: colesterol ³240; LDL ³160; HDL ³200. Análise: prevalências, seus intervalos de confiança (IC a 95% e qui-quadrado (chi². RESULTADOS: Excluídos uma recusa e um laboratório que arquivava laudos só por 3 meses, foram analisados dados de 24 dos 26 laboratórios amostrados. Dos 7392 adultos, 65,5% eram mulheres. Prevalências estimadas e valores dos IC a 95% para homens, foram: hipercolesterolemia =24,0% (20,5; 27,5; LDL elevado =26,1 (22,4; 29,3; HDL baixo =15,9 (14,2; 17,8 e hipertrigliceridemia =27,6 (25,7; 29,5. Para mulheres: hipercolesterolemia =30,0 (27,8; 32,2, LDL elevado =33,1 (30,8; 35,4; HDL baixo =8,0 (7,1; 8,9 e hipertrigliceridemia =30,4 (29,0; 31,4. Todas as prevalências diferiram significantemente inter-gênero (p, 0,05 a pPURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia in non-hospital laboratory tests of adults from Salvador, Brazil. METHODS: The study was carried out in subjects from a probabilistic sample of 25% of a total of 104 local laboratories that used the same enzymatic method for lipid analysis with the quality control as recommended by the Brazilian Society of Clinical Analyses. These represented 93% of all non-hospital laboratories of Salvador in 1995. The odd months of 1995 were selected for sampling in the present study. Criteria for dyslipidemias were: total cholesterol ³240; LDL ³160; HDL ³200mg/dl. Prevalence rates and their 95% confidence intervals (CI and chi² test were

Study of the carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions in marine shells of Salvador-Bahia, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Freitas, J.C.B. de.

1977-01-01

The carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of 68 samples of marine shells from the region of Salvador was determined. These samples are from points on the open coast and in the interior of the Todos os Santos Bay and they are composed in part by recent specimens and in part by old specimens taken from Quaternary sediments. The results for δ 18 O are in the range of -2,83per mille to + 1,21per mille (PDB) and for δ 13 C in the range of -3,10per mille to +2,63per mille (PDB). The reults for the recent shells from the interior of the Todos os Santos Bay show variations in the δ 13 C values associated to the dominance of organic matter in some regions. For the old samoles, gathered in te variations in the δ 13 C values was associated to the existence in points of that region of deposits of fluvio-lagunar sediments, originated during the last marine transgression. It was identified, for a few species with the same age and location, the effect of biological fractionations. Nevertheless, the observed dominant factor on the isotopic differentiation was the environmental fractionation. (Author) [pt

Voto preferente en El Salvador: Lecciones aprendidas

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Alba Cristina Araujo Serrano

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Se analiza la implementación del voto preferente en El Salvador por medio de una resolución de la Sala Constitucional salvadoreña. Asimismo, se estudian las consecuencias de esta disposición en el ordenamiento jurídico salvadoreño, la percepción de la opinión pública y en el sistema de partidos de ese país centroamericano. Finalmente, se exponen algunas de las discusiones que en torno a este tema se han generado en el ámbito costarricense.

Uma análise exploratória dos programas de controle da tuberculose da bahia e goiás à luz da teoria dos custos de transação An exploratory analysis of the tuberculosis control program of the states of bahia and goiás from a transaction cost theory perspective

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Sebastião Loureiro

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Em caráter exploratório, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar o Programa de Controle da Tuberculose (PCTs dos Estados da Bahia e Goiás e respectivas capitais, Salvador e Goiânia, a partir da Teoria dos Custos de Transação. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso nos PCTs citados, utilizando-se, junto aos seus gestores, do método de entrevistas aprofundadas semidiretivas. Os resultados sugerem: (a baixa especificidade em ativos humanos; (b baixo grau de incerteza - relacionada à flutuação da demanda e à introdução de novas tecnologias (medicamentos; (c aspectos relacionados à racionalidade limitada (informação incompleta são pouco relevantes - no que tange à redação do contrato (Programa Nacional de Controle da Tuberculose - PNCT e ao Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN; (d e alta probabilidade de ocorrência de comportamento de tipo oportunista (risco moral - devido ao não monitoramento das ações, à ausência de punições em caso de descumprimento das ações pactuadas no PNCT e ao regime de incentivos vigente.From a Transaction Cost Theory perspective, the paper aims to discuss the Programa de Controle da Tuberculose (PCT - Tuberculosis Control Program of the States of Bahia and Goiás and their Capital Cities, Salvador and Goiânia. A case study was carried out applying a research questionnaire to the PCT managers. The results indicate: (a low specificity in human assets; (b low uncertainty - related to fluctuations in demand and to the introduction of new technologies (drugs; (c aspects related to bounded rationality (incomplete information are not important - related to the contract (PNCT and the SINAN; (d and high probability of opportunism (moral hazard, due to lack of monitoring of the actions, lack of punishment in case of default of actions agreed upon in the PNCT, and the current incentive regime.

β-globin haplotypes in normal and hemoglobinopathic individuals from Reconcavo Baiano, State of Bahia, Brazil

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Wellington dos Santos Silva

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Five restriction site polymorphisms in the β-globin gene cluster (HincII-5'ε, HindIII-Gγ, HindIII-ªγ, HincII-'ψβ1 and HincII-3''ψβ1 were analyzed in three populations (n = 114 from Reconcavo Baiano, State of Bahia, Brazil. The groups included two urban populations from the towns of Cachoeira and Maragojipe and one rural Afro-descendant population, known as the "quilombo community", from Cachoeira municipality. The number of haplotypes found in the populations ranged from 10 to 13, which indicated higher diversity than in the parental populations. The haplotypes 2 (+----,3(----+,4(-+--+and6(-++-+onthe βA chromosomes were the most common, and two haplotypes, 9 (-++++and 14 (++--+, were found exclusively in the Maragojipe population. The other haplotypes (1, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 16 had lower frequencies. Restriction site analysis and the derived haplotypes indicated homogeneity among the populations. Thirty-two individuals with hemoglobinopathies (17 sickle cell disease, 12 HbSC disease and 3 HbCC disease were also analyzed. The haplotype frequencies of these patients differed significantly from those of the general population. In the sickle cell disease subgroup, the predominant haplotypes were BEN (Benin and CAR (Central African Republic, with frequencies of 52.9% and 32.4%, respectively. The high frequency of the BEN haplotype agreed with the historical origin of the afro-descendant population in the state of Bahia. However, this frequency differed from that of Salvador, the state capital, where the CAR and BEN haplotypes have similar frequencies, probably as a consequence of domestic slave trade and subsequent internal migrations to other regions of Brazil.

MERCADO IMOBILIÁRIO E MERCATILIZAÇÃO DA NATUREZA EM SALVADOR E REGIÃO METROPOLITANA

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Wendel Henrique

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Este artiulo es un análisis sobre el proceso de producción y usa del espacio urbano relacionado com la comercialización de la naturaleza por los agentes de lo mercado de biens inmuebles, com el capital nacional y internacional, en Salvador de Bahia y otras localidades en su Área Metropolitana. Nuestra investigación se centra el período de tiempo comprendido entre 2006 y el primer trimestre del 2010 y empezamos nuestra base de datos sobre los nuevos inmubles lanzados por las empresas con el material de publicidad acerca de estos edifi cios y condominios en la internet y prensa. Durante este período se encuentran 363 proyectos y la mayoría de ellos tienen algún tipo de relación con alguna representación de la naturaleza, y hemos elaborado mapas con la localización, el precio y las empresas respnsables por estas inmuebles. En esta promoción estratégica de una vida con la naturaleza, se observa un uso desigual del espacio urbano que tiene incrementado la densidad de algunas áreas específicas, como Pituba, Iguatemi e Paralela en Salvador y la zona costera de Lauro de Freitas, Camaçari y Mata de São João. Las áreas dónde los agentes del mercado de bienes inmuebles no tienen interés están en la margen del proceso, la naturaleza es sólo un problema y no una solución para aumentar los precios de los inmuebles.

Areas of natural occurrence of Melipona scutellaris Latreille, 1811 (Hymenoptera: Apidae in the state of Bahia, Brazil

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Rogério M.O. Alves

2012-09-01

Full Text Available The bee Melipona scutellaris is considered the reared meliponine species with the largest distribution in the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, with records from the state of Rio Grande do Norte down to the state of Bahia. Considering the importance of this species in the generation of income for family agriculture and in the preservation of areas with natural vegetation, this study aimed at providing knowledge on the distribution of natural colonies of M. scutellaris in the state of Bahia. Literature information, interviews with stinglessbee beekeepers, and expeditions were conducted to confirm the natural occurrence of the species. A total of 102 municipalities showed records for M. scutellaris, whose occurrence was observed in areas ranging from sea level up to 1,200-meter height. The occurrence of this species in the state of Bahia is considered to be restricted to municipalities on the coastal area and the Chapada Diamantina with its rainforests. Geographic coordinates, elevation, climate and vegetation data were obtained, which allowed a map to be prepared for the area of occurrence in order to support conservation and management policies for the species.A abelha Melipona scutellaris é considerada a espécie criada de meliponíneo com maior distribuição no norte e nordeste do Brasil, com ocorrência registradas desde o Estado do Grande do Norte até o Estado da Bahia. Considerando a importância desta espécie na geração de renda para agricultura familiar e na manutenção de áreas com vegetação natural, este trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a distribuição de colônias naturais de M. scutellaris no Estado da Bahia. Informações de literatura, entrevistas com meliponicultores e expedições foram realizadas para confirmar a ocorrência natural da espécie. Um total de 102 municípios apresentou registro de M. scutellaris, cuja ocorrência foi observada em áreas desde o nível do mar até 1.200 metros de altitude. A

Maus-tratos: estudo através da perspectiva da delegacia de proteção à criança e ao adolescente em Salvador, Bahia Maltreatment: study from the perspective of the police department for the frotection of the child and the adolescent in Salvador, Bahia

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Ana Clara de Rebolças Carvalho

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Este estudo transversal descreve a ocorrência de maus-tratos em uma delegacia de proteção a crianças e adolescentes em Salvador, Bahia, entre 1997 e 1999. Dados sociodemográficos e físicos das vítimas, agressores e denunciantes foram investigados a partir de uma amostra de 2.073 casos. As vítimas apresentaram idades entre 0 e 18 anos, 56,1% do sexo feminino. De todas as manifestações de maus-tratos, exceto o abuso físico, prevaleceram as sobre o sexo feminino. O subgrupo de pré-adolescentes foi o mais atingido. O tipo de maltrato mais freqüente foi o abuso físico (64,7%. Lesões corporais ocorreram em 22,2% dos casos, a maioria concentrando-se na cabeça e pescoço (65,3%. Observou-se intensa participação do sexo masculino entre os agressores (71,8%. Houve correlação positiva entre sexo feminino e abuso sexual e o sexo masculino e abuso físico, inclusive de forma mais severa em relação à presença de lesões corporais. As denúncias foram feitas pelos pais das vítimas (72,9%, sendo o sexo feminino mais freqüente. Neste estudo, não foi identificada nenhuma denúncia realizada pelos profissionais de saúde, refletindo maior necessidade de comprometimento destes na problemática, conforme as recomendações da política de redução da morbimortalidade por acidentes e violência.This cross-sectional study describes the occurrences of maltreatment recorded over three years (1997-1999 in a Brazilian Police Department for the Protection of the Child and the Adolescent. Socio-demographic and physical data of victims, aggressors and denouncers were investigated in a sample consisting of 2073 cases. The victims were aged between 0-18 years, of which 56.1% were girls. Data were entered into EPI INFO 2000 software and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test to determine significant differences (p<0.05. All manifestations of abuse, except physical abuse, tend to occur more frequently in females, and tend to be more

Quail egg safety and trade on beaches of Salvador (BA: a study from a child labor perspective

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Permínio Oliveira Vidal Júnior

2013-08-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe the trade and microbiological quality of boiled quail eggs on the waterfront of Salvador , Bahia, Brazil, from the child labor perspective. METHODS: This cross-sectional study administered semi-structured questionnaires to 40 underage vendors and performed the microbiological assessment of 40 quail egg samples as follows: mesophilic aerobic microorganism count, coagulase-positive staphylococcus count, estimation of the most probable number of total and thermotolerant coliforms/Escherichia coli, and testing for Salmonella spp.. The results were compared with the standards provided by the Resolution RDC nº 12/2001, National Sanitary Surveillance Agency. RESULTS: The vendors were mostly female (57.5% students (95.0% aged 8 to 17 years. The most common reason for working was supplementation of the family income (57.5%. The mean gross income was R$38.31/day. Most of them presented inadequate personal hygiene but they recognized that foods could cause diseases. Many (47.5% vendors reported washing their hands up to twice daily. Mean mesophilic aerobic microorganism and coagulase-positive staphylococcus counts were 2.43 and 2.01 log colony-forming unit/g, respectively, and the estimated thermotolerant coliform contamination was 0.98 log most probable number/g. Escherichia coli was found in 15.0% of the samples and none contained Salmonella spp. Most (55.0% samples were noncompliant with the legislation. CONCLUSION: The results evidenced the presence of minors selling quail eggs on beaches of Salvador and suggest risk to consumers' health because of the detected contamination and vendors' ignorance of principles of hygiene.

Qualidade bacteriológica do leite integral (tipo C comercializado em Salvador - Bahia.

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P. N. Assis

2005-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMO: O leite é um dos alimentos mais completos da natureza e sua importância é baseada em seu elevado valor nutritivo, como riqueza de proteínas, vitaminas, gordura, sais minerais e a alta digestibilidade. Esses fatores são relevantes para considera-lo um excelente meio de cultura para a maioria dos microrganismos. A pasteurização é necessária e tem a finalidade de diminuir ao máximo o número de microrganismos, mas alguns deles ainda podem sobreviver ao calor aplicado. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade microbiológica do leite integral (tipo C através da enumeração de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, estafilococos coagulase positiva, determinação do Numero Mais Provável (NMP de coliformes totais e fecais e pesquisa de Salmonella spp. em 20 amostras de leite comercializados em Salvador-BA. As análises seguiram a metodologia preconizada pelo American Public Health Association-APHA (1992. Os resultados mostraram que 13 amostras apresentaram um número de bactérias aeróbias mesófilas variando de 102 a 106 UFC/mL e 13 amostras com coliformes totais em NMP, variando de 4 a £ 2400/mL, sendo que dentre essas, 11 (55% encontravam com valores acima do limite aceitável. Para os coliformes fecais, apenas 7 amostras apresentaram NMP variando de 9 a £ 2400/mL, estando portanto, em condições inaceitáveis segundo a legislação vigente. Não foram encontradas amostras contaminadas com Salmonella spp. e estafilococos coagulase positiva. Os resultados foram indicativos de prováveis falhas do binômio tempo/temperatura durante a pasteurização ou sanificação deficiente das linhas de produção ou contaminação pós-pasteurização. PALAVRAS CHAVE: leite pasteurizado integral, coliformes, aeróbias mesófilas SUMMARY: The milk is one of most important food of the nature. Its importance is based on its high

Contribuição à biologia de serpentes da Bahia, Brasil: I. vivíparas Contribution to reproductive biology of snakes in Bahia, Brazil: I. viviparous

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Rejane Maria Lira-da-Silva

1994-01-01

Full Text Available Great part of lhe avaiable data about snakes reprodution refers to species coming from subtropical and temperate regions. In Brazil, the data is rather rare and can be found in various works where information is restricted. Results from studies developed with five viviparous snakes - Crotalus durissus cascavella (Wagler, 1824. Bothrops erythromelas(Amaral, 1923, B. leucurus (Wagler, 1824, Helicops leopardinus (Schlegel, 1873 and Thamnodynastes strigilis (Thiinberg, 1787 - which come from the Northeast of Brazil (Bahia are described. Data about pregnancy and birth, number, sex ratio, length and weight of neonates is given and discussed.

Migration, Risk and Liquidity Constraints in El Salvador

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Timothy Halliday

2005-01-01

This article utilizes panel data from El Salvador to investigate the use of transnational migration as an ex post risk management strategy. I show that adverse agricultural conditions in El Salvador increase both migration to the United States and remittances sent back to El Salvador. I show that, in the absence of any agricultural shocks, the probability that a household sent members to the United States would have decreased on average by 24.26%. I also show that the 2001 earthquakes reduced...

[Earthquakes in El Salvador].

Science.gov (United States)

de Ville de Goyet, C

2001-02-01

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has 25 years of experience dealing with major natural disasters. This piece provides a preliminary review of the events taking place in the weeks following the major earthquakes in El Salvador on 13 January and 13 February 2001. It also describes the lessons that have been learned over the last 25 years and the impact that the El Salvador earthquakes and other disasters have had on the health of the affected populations. Topics covered include mass-casualties management, communicable diseases, water supply, managing donations and international assistance, damages to the health-facilities infrastructure, mental health, and PAHO's role in disasters.

Largo da Graça em Salvador-BA: Uma “nova” percepção

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Denise Silva Magalhães

2012-07-01

Full Text Available Experiência vivenciada durante um pequeno trabalho empírico realizado no Largo da Graça, em Salvador-BA, motivou este artigo que apresenta o estudo aprofundado com novas pesquisas, várias visitas ao local, entrevistas e fotos, como técnicas de observação direta da realidade. Mas, qual método deveria seguir para apreender a essência do espaço em questão? Seguindo uma ponderação de Júlia Adão Bernardes, caminhei sem caminho, esperando tê-lo feito ao final do trabalho. Sistematizei e racionalizei as atividades, para obter um conhecimento válido da área; procedi a investigações e análises de fatos, processos e instituições do passado, que interagiram com entrevistas qualitativas sobre o cotidiano dos frequentadores, moradores e trabalhadores do local. Transformou-se minha percepção do Largo da Graça, de um espaço apenas percebido, para um espaço vivido, um espaço público diferenciado por sua concretude e por práticas cotidianas e dinâmicas sociais que nele se desenvolvem. Abstract GRAÇA SQUARE IN SALVADOR – BA: A “NEW” PERCEPTION The experience undertaken along an empirical work at Largo da Graça (Graça Square, in Salvador, Bahia, motivated this article which presents a deep study with new researches, local visits, interviews and pictures, as a reality direct observation technique. But, which method to adopt in order to learn the essence of the studied space? Following a thought by Júlia Adão Bernardes, I strayed without a trail, expecting to have trailed it at the end of the work. The activities were systematized and rationalized in order to lead to a valid knowledge of the area; I proceeded the investigations and analysis of the facts, processes and institutions of the past, which interacted with the qualitative interviews on the local workers, inhabitants and visitors everyday life. My perception of the Largo da Graça has changed from a simply perceived to a lived space, a differentiated public space

Actitudes lingüísticas de los hablantes de San Salvador, El Salvador

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Erick Rivera Orellana

2014-11-01

Full Text Available Resumen Este artículo analiza las actitudes lingüísticas de hablantes nativos de español de la ciudad de San Salvador hacia al español de El Salvador y el de los otros países hispanohablantes. El artículo es parte de los resultados del Proyecto LIAS (Linguistic Identity and Attitudes in Spanish-speaking Latin America, financiado por El Consejo Noruego de Investigación (RCN. La recolección de los datos se realizó en la capital del país, entrevistando a una muestra de 400 personas estratificada con las variables de edad, sexo y nivel socioeconómico. Los estudios sobre actitudes lingüísticas en el país son escasos y este es el estudio que más dimensiones abarca respecto de cómo los salvadoreños que habitan en la capital se identifican con el idioma que hablan, cómo valoran o califican las formas de hablar de los habitantes de su entorno y cómo reaccionan ante formas de hablar el español en otros países, tanto de aquellos que conocen directamente como de otros con los cuales tienen una relación indirecta, principalmente a través de los medios de comunicación. Abstract This article analyzes the linguistic attitudes of native Spanish speakers from San Salvador towards Spanish spoken in El Salvador and in the other Spanish-speaking countries. It is a result of the LIAS-Project (Linguistic Identity and Attitudes in Spanish-speaking Latin America, funded by The Research Council of Norway (RCN. The data were gathered in the capital of the country, interviewing a stratified sample of 400 respondents, based on the variables of age, sex and socioeconomic status. Studies of linguistic attitudes are scarce in the country and this research study is the first one with a broad scope regarding how people living in the capital identify themselves with the way they speak; how they value or characterize the way people around them speak, and how they react to the way people speak Spanish in other countries that they know personally or through

Um estudo etno-epidemiológico da violência urbana na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil: os atos de extermínio como objeto de análise

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Mônica Nunes

2005-04-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo, reunindo uma vertente epidemiológica e uma vertente antropológica, permitiu evidenciar os significados sociais subjacentes a dados indicados pela comparação do monitoramento de diferenciais da distribuição das taxas de mortalidade por homicídios em um bairro de Salvador, realizados em dois períodos: o primeiro situado entre 1988 e 1994 e o segundo, entre 1994 e 2000. O estudo etnográfico indicou que, no primeiro período, ocorreu o extermínio de muitas pessoas consideradas delinqüentes e o assassinato de muitos moradores no bairro, o que, no estudo epidemiológico, corresponde a um aumento na taxa de mortalidade por causas externas. Já entre 91-94, observa-se um decréscimo na taxa de mortalidade, coincidindo, no trabalho de campo, com o período considerado de "acalmia". Na segunda metade da década de noventa, observa-se um novo aumento da taxa de homicídios na área de estudo, embora os moradores revelem uma imagem pacífica do bairro. O presente estudo realiza uma hermenêutica da violência nesse bairro, especialmente dos atos de extermínio, e das dinâmicas sociais que a envolviam nos seus diversos períodos.

Um estudo etno-epidemiológico da violência urbana na cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil: os atos de extermínio como objeto de análise

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Paim Jairnilson Silva

2005-01-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo, reunindo uma vertente epidemiológica e uma vertente antropológica, permitiu evidenciar os significados sociais subjacentes a dados indicados pela comparação do monitoramento de diferenciais da distribuição das taxas de mortalidade por homicídios em um bairro de Salvador, realizados em dois períodos: o primeiro situado entre 1988 e 1994 e o segundo, entre 1994 e 2000. O estudo etnográfico indicou que, no primeiro período, ocorreu o extermínio de muitas pessoas consideradas delinqüentes e o assassinato de muitos moradores no bairro, o que, no estudo epidemiológico, corresponde a um aumento na taxa de mortalidade por causas externas. Já entre 91-94, observa-se um decréscimo na taxa de mortalidade, coincidindo, no trabalho de campo, com o período considerado de "acalmia". Na segunda metade da década de noventa, observa-se um novo aumento da taxa de homicídios na área de estudo, embora os moradores revelem uma imagem pacífica do bairro. O presente estudo realiza uma hermenêutica da violência nesse bairro, especialmente dos atos de extermínio, e das dinâmicas sociais que a envolviam nos seus diversos períodos.

Organização sociopolítica de Psicólogas(os na Bahia: formação das suas entidades de classe

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Julianin Araujo Santos

Full Text Available O presente artigo teórico propõe-se a debater sobre o processo de organização sociopolítica dos psicólogos na Bahia, trazendo como objetivo uma reflexão sobre o papel das entidades representativas da classe nesse processo. Com esse fim, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura que tratou da conjuntura histórica da regulamentação e do desenvolvimento da Psicologia no Brasil, assim como sobre a sua organização sociopolítica. Além disso, devido à escassez de estudos que abordam esse tema, foram incluídos depoimentos coletados durante a realização deste artigo, e, para isso, foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas com alguns membros envolvidos com as entidades representativas dos psicólogos no Estado da Bahia. Este estudo buscou discutir, principalmente, a atuação e a função do Conselho Regional de Psicologia - Região 03 e do Sindicato dos(as Psicólogos(as no Estado da Bahia - SINPSI-BA. Ao final, são levantadas algumas reflexões sobre a atuação e o engajamento das (os psicólogas (os bem como a análise do papel desse profissional na sociedade baiana.

33 CFR 165.771 - Safety Zone; Bahia de Ponce, Puerto Rico

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

..., Puerto Rico 165.771 Section 165.771 Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND... Zone; Bahia de Ponce, Puerto Rico (a) Location. The following area is established as a safety zone... Bahia de Ponce, on approach to or departure from the Puerto de Ponce waterfront facility in Bahia de...

Influencia de factores agroambientales sobre la calidad del clon de cacao (Theobroma cacao L. PH-16 en la región cacaotera de Bahia, Brasil/Inuence of agro-environmental factors on the quality of cacao (Theobroma cacao L. clone PH-16 in the cacao region of Bahia, Brazil

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Guilherme Amorim Homem de Abreu Loureiro

2017-09-01

Full Text Available Los desafíos técnicos y cientícos actuales para el cultivo del cacao implican la necesidad de evaluar múltiples atributos relacionados con la producción primaria y con los criterios de calidad. El estudio se realizó con el clon de cacao PH-16 en la zona húmeda de la región cacaotera de Bahia, Brasil. El objetivo fue conocer la inuencia del sitio de cultivo sobre las variables físicas y químicas antes y después de la fermentación de los granos de cacao. Las variables químicas más inuenciadas por el medio ambiente fueron el pH y la acidez total de los granos con mucílago, y el pH, acidez total e índice de pigmentos de los granos fermentados. El sitio de cultivo que corresponde al Argisol Amarillo Distróco latosólico, en el sistema agroforestal Cabruca con densidad media de 35 árboles de sombra por hectárea, presentó los granos con mejores atributos de calidad.

El Salvador.

Science.gov (United States)

1987-11-01

The Central American republic of El Salvador lies on the Pacific with a south coast between Guatemala and Honduras. The climate rises from tropical maritime along the coast to subtropical hill and valley strip to a mountainous interior. The population consists of 98% Mestizo and 10% Indian, totaling 5.1 million, growing at 2.4 annually. Literacy varies from 40-60%; the infant mortality rate is 71/1000, and the life expectancy is 63-66 years. The economy is based on agricultural products as coffee, sugar and cotton and light industry such as textiles and petroleum refining, but due to political unrest, the 1986 earthquake, and fluctuating commodity prices, inflation runs about 36% and the per capita income is $700. El Salvador takes pride in its independence since 1821, but its history is marked by revolutions and control of government, military and ecclesiastical power by "the fourteen families." The current democratic government, considered to be the result of a fair election, is undertaking land reform and participates in the Central American peace process.

Epidemiological and microbiological aspects of acute bacterial diarrhea in children from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Daniel R. Diniz-Santos

Full Text Available In the few cases of acute childhood diarrhea that require antimicrobial therapy, the correct choice of the drug depends on detailed previous knowledge of local strains. In order to establish such parameters in our city, we reviewed the results of all 260 positive stool cultures of children between 0 and 15 years of age during two years at a pediatric tertiary care facility in Salvador, Brazil. Bacterial strains had been presumptively identified by culturing in selective media and by biochemical testing, and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were automatically detected by the MicroScan Walkaway System. Data about patients' sex and age, monthly distribution of the cases, pathogens isolated and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were recorded. Males corresponded to 55.4% of our sample, and most of our patients (42.7% were between one and four years of age. Shigella was the commonest pathogen, being found in 141 (54.3% cultures, while Salmonella was found in 100 (38.4% cultures and Enteropathogenic E. coli in 19 (7.3%. Salmonella was the main causal agent of diarrhea in children younger than five years old, whereas Shigella was the most frequent pathogen isolated from the stools of children between five and 15 years old. The peaks of incidence correspond to the periods of school vacations. Shigella specimens presented a very high resistance rate to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (90.1% and to ampicillin (22.0%, while Salmonella presented very low resistance rates to all drugs tested. These data are useful for practitioners and they reinforce the need for continuous microbiological surveillance.

Epidemiological and microbiological aspects of acute bacterial diarrhea in children from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Diniz-Santos, Daniel R; Santana, José S; Barretto, Junaura R; Andrade, Maria Goreth M; Silva, Luciana R

2005-02-01

In the few cases of acute childhood diarrhea that require antimicrobial therapy, the correct choice of the drug depends on detailed previous knowledge of local strains. In order to establish such parameters in our city, we reviewed the results of all 260 positive stool cultures of children between 0 and 15 years of age during two years at a pediatric tertiary care facility in Salvador, Brazil. Bacterial strains had been presumptively identified by culturing in selective media and by biochemical testing, and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were automatically detected by the MicroScan Walkaway System. Data about patients' sex and age, monthly distribution of the cases, pathogens isolated and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were recorded. Males corresponded to 55.4% of our sample, and most of our patients (42.7%) were between one and four years of age. Shigella was the commonest pathogen, being found in 141 (54.3%) cultures, while Salmonella was found in 100 (38.4%) cultures and Enteropathogenic E. coli in 19 (7.3%). Salmonella was the main causal agent of diarrhea in children younger than five years old, whereas Shigella was the most frequent pathogen isolated from the stools of children between five and 15 years old. The peaks of incidence correspond to the periods of school vacations. Shigella specimens presented a very high resistance rate to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (90.1%) and to ampicillin (22.0%), while Salmonella presented very low resistance rates to all drugs tested. These data are useful for practitioners and they reinforce the need for continuous microbiological surveillance.

Captura de mosquitos antropofílicos (Diptera, Culicidae em uma área urbana da região oeste da Bahia, Brasil

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Isana M. dos Santos

2014-03-01

Full Text Available A região oeste da Bahia passa por acelerado processo de desenvolvimento agrícola, o que tem gerado problemas de infraestrutura nos municípios. A falta de saneamento básico e de coleta dos resíduos são alguns desses problemas, os quais têm papel importante no aumento de criadouros disponíveis aos culicídeos. Assim, considerando as possibilidades de contato entre vetor e população humana, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a fauna de culicíeos adultos em uma área urbana no oeste da Bahia e verificar a presença de espécies de interesse em saúde pública. As amostragens de mosquitos adultos foram realizadas no município de Barreiras, de fevereiro de 2009 a janeiro de 2010, das 17h30min às 21h00min. Ao total foram capturados 1.744 mosquitos e oito gêneros foram identificados: Aedes, Coquilletidia, Culex, Limatus, Mansonia, Ochlerotatus, Psorophora e Uranotaenia. Culex quinquefasciatus foi a espécie mais frequente e abundante. Outras espécies encontradas, e que apresentam importância epidemiológica, foram Aedes aegypti e Ochlerotatus scapularis. Considerando que muitas espécies coletadas em Barreiras possuem importância epidemiológica e ocorrem mesmo durante a estação seca devido à ausência de saneamento básico, é importante que os municípios da região oeste da Bahia sejam alvo constante das atividades de vigilância epidemiológica.

Organização sociopolítica de Psicólogas(os) na Bahia: formação das suas entidades de classe

OpenAIRE

Santos, Julianin Araujo; Pereira, Maiara Santos Targino; Oliveira, Andréia da Cruz; Jesus, Débora PiresViana de

2013-01-01

O presente artigo teórico propõe-se a debater sobre o processo de organização sociopolítica dos psicólogos na Bahia, trazendo como objetivo uma reflexão sobre o papel das entidades representativas da classe nesse processo. Com esse fim, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura que tratou da conjuntura histórica da regulamentação e do desenvolvimento da Psicologia no Brasil, assim como sobre a sua organização sociopolítica. Além disso, devido à escassez de estudos que abordam esse tema, foram i...

Formação para merendeiras: uma proposta metodológica aplicada em escolas estaduais atendidas pelo programa nacional de alimentação escolar, em Salvador, Bahia Professional training for school lunch cooks: a methodological experiment done in state schools supported by the National School Feeding Program in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Catarina Lima Leite

2011-04-01

directed at school lunch cooks in state schools supported by the National School Feeding Program. METHODS: This descriptive study was carried out among school lunch cooks from 97 state schools, in Salvador (Bahia , Brazil. Definition and implementation of the professional training consisted of three stages: a preliminary survey among the cooks in search of contents and methodology, professional training activities and the subjects' assessment of such activities. RESULTS: The preliminary survey pointed to both those contents of major interest among the cooks and the methodology. Professional training activities were designed as a 20-hour event for groups of about 35 people, taking place in school units. The activity program carried a number of different contents, including the National School Feeding Program, the school lunch cooks in the school feeding system, feeding and nutrition principles, and Good Manufacturing Practices. Methodological resources comprised dramatization, dialogued presentations, workshops, group contests, practical activities, interactive games, form completion, guided group activities and a printed brochure with all presentations. At the end of the event, an assessment was requested from the subjects as to the following features: content presentation, resources employed, pace of activities, question answering, content learning, positive and negative aspects as well as suggestions. CONCLUSION: The experiment showed the feasibility of building a new professional training model by using and valuing the contributions from the target subjects, thus allowing the reframing of traditional professional training practices and increasing the chances of success, since the subjects' specific demands were taken into account.

AS VARIANTES DE SOTAQUE NO TERRITÓRIO DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS- BRASIL

OpenAIRE

Assaid Dermínio, Marina

2012-01-01

Este trabalho tem por objetivo abordar as variações fonéticas (sotaque) da língua portuguesa, especificamente, no estado de Minas Gerais- Brasil. O estudo mostra que devido à localização geográfica dentro do território brasileiro, o sotaque dos falantes varia de acordo com a região, haja vista que o estado de Minas Gerais faz fronteira com mais seis outros estados, sendo eles: Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, e Espírito Santo. O trabalho abordará o fato de que cada...

New seismic sources parameterization in El Salvador. Implications to seismic hazard.

OpenAIRE

Alonso-Henar, Jorge; Staller, A.; Martínez Díaz, José J.; Benito, Belén; Álvarez Gómez, José Antonio; Canora Catalán, Carolina

2014-01-01

El Salvador is located at the pacific active margin of Central America, here, the subduction of the Cocos Plate under the Caribbean Plate at a rate of 80 mm/yr is the main seismic source. Although the seismic sources located in the Central American Volcanic Arc have been responsible for some of the most damaging earthquakes in El Salvador. The El Salvador Fault Zone is the main geological structure in El Salvador and accommodates 14 mm/yr of horizontal displacement between the Caribbean Plate...

Women in physics in El Salvador: Historical perspectives and current challenges

Science.gov (United States)

Jiménez, Telma; Jiménez, Diana; Larios, Gloria

2015-12-01

Physics as a discipline in El Salvador's higher education system has struggled historically; however, since 1991, it has enjoyed a growth-friendly environment. While there are few female physicists in El Salvador, they are employed in various organizations and educational institutions, demonstrating that physics is a viable career path. El Salvador currently offers a range of opportunities for women in physics. With the support of the 5th IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics, we will both meet the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities that face female physicists in El Salvador.

Municipalização, política pública e gestão municipal: uma análise do processo de municipalização da cultura no estado da Bahia

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Sérgio Silva Borges

2014-12-01

Full Text Available This study establishes a relationship between territorial inequality, local policy space, municipalization, public policies on culture, and municipal management for the construction of a concept of cultural citizenship. The objective is to construct an explanation on the basis of empirical studies of the process of municipalization and institutionalization of culture in the Territories of Identity Reconcavo Baiano and Metropolitan Region of Salvador in the State of Bahia, for the construction of a cultural citizenship. This was an exploratory research project, methodologically based on direct and indirect documentation. In order to include individuals other than the social agents involved in the process, field work was done in the geographic area of the study in order to carry out semi-structured interviews with the cultural managers.

El Salvador: Background and U.S. Relations

Science.gov (United States)

2017-03-08

country’s second democratically elected FMLN Administration. Inaugurated to a five-year term in June 2014, President Salvador Sánchez Cerén, a...Some observers maintain that Sánchez Cerén, who faced health challenges early in his term, has failed to demonstrate the leadership necessary to...units that are conducting money-laundering investigations targeting the leadership of MS-13 in El Salvador. In addition to assistance specified for

Izalco, El Salvador Images

Data.gov (United States)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce — Izalco is a young stratovolcano on the south flank of Santa Ana Volcano in western El Salvador. Its continuous small explosive eruptions (beginning in 1770) caused...

Prevalence of human Papilloma Virus in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in the State of Bahia: a pilot study

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Conceição Queiroz

Full Text Available Human Papilloma Virus (HPV plays a central role in the development of cervical cancer. However, other coexisting factors, such as HIV infection, must be present for this to occur. We evaluated the prevalence of HPV in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in the city of Salvador , Bahia, Brazil, and determined the most prevalent types of HPV in these patients. Fifty-five cases were selected from among patients attending three institutions providing cervical pathology services in the city of Salvador. HIV testing (Elisa/WB, HPV-DNA testing by PCR, colposcopy, cytology and biopsy were carried out in all patients. The histopathological results were classified as follows: 11 cases were normal/negative for neoplasia, 15 were diagnosed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN 1, 10 were CIN 2, 15 cases were CIN 3 and there were four cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Among the 55 patients studied, 43 tested positive for HPV-DNA and 20 for HIV. All HIV-positive patients were positive for HPV-DNA. The most prevalent types of HPV were HPV 16, 52, 58, 53, 54, 33 and 51, and there was little difference between the groups of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with respect to the type of HPV encountered. The HIV-positive patients were found to be infected with a greater number of types of HPV than the HIV-negative patients. This study corroborates the existence of regional variations in the distribution of certain types of HPV, which is probably due to the particular ethnic constitution found in this region of Brazil.

Abordagem etnobotânica acerca do uso de plantas medicinais na Vila Cachoeira, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Moreira, Rita de Cássia Teixeira; Costa, Larissa Corrêa do Bomfim; Costa, Renata Cristina Silva; Rocha, Emerson Antônio

2002-01-01

Este trabalho foi conduzido na Comunidade de Vila Cachoeira, município de Ilhéus, Bahia, no período de setembro de 2000 à maio de 2001, tendo como objetivo analisar o resgate do conhecimento da comunidade sobre o uso de plantas medicinais. Foram entrevistados cinco informantes-chave, através de entrevista informal e questionários semiestruturados. As plantas indicadas foram coletadas, herborizadas, identificadas e incorporadas ao herbário da UESC. A análise final mostrou a ocorrência de 85 es...

Atividades relacionadas à construção e aprovisionamento de ninhos de Xylocopa subcyanea (Hymenoptera, Apidae em uma área de restinga na Bahia, Brasil Activities related to construction and provioning of nests of Xylocopa subcyanea (Hymenoptera, Apidae in an area of sandbank in Bahia, Brazil

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Miriam Gimenes

Full Text Available As abelhas do gênero Xylocopa Latreille, 1802 são comuns em ecossistemas de restingas em acelerada fase de degradação e são importantes polinizadores deste ecossistema. Elas nidificam especialmente em madeira morta ou apodrecida. As atividades relacionadas à construção e estrutura dos ninhos de Xylocopa (Schoenherria subcyanea Perez, 1901 na restinga do litoral norte da Bahia, Brasil, foram observadas em 43 ninhos ativos de X. subcyanea, em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento, em dois troncos apodrecidos. A fase de fundação ou reuso no primeiro tronco foi em agosto e a fase de provisionamento das células nos ninhos, em ambos troncos, em janeiro. As principais atividades foram escavações no tronco, entrada e saída dos ninhos, permanência na entrada do ninho, entrada com pólen e desidratação de néctar. Foi observado horário preferencial ao longo do dia para as atividades de entrada e saída dos ninhos, sendo estas influenciadas pelos horários do nascer e pôr do sol. Ninhos abandonados foram reusados por X. subcyanea e Centris tarsata SMITH, 1874. Os ninhos ativos eram ocupados por quatro diferentes abelhas adultas. Geralmente, uma abelha ficava na entrada do ninho. A estrutura do ninho foi descrita.Bees of the genus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802 are frequent in sandbank ecosystems under accelerated degradation. They nest especially in dead or rotted wood. The nest construction and nest structure of Xylocopa (Schoenherria subcyanea Perez, 1901 were studied in a sandbank from Bahia's north littoral, Brazil. We observed 43 active nests, under different stages of development, in two dead logs. The main activities were excavation of the logs, entering and leaving nest, permanence in the nest entrance, entering with pollen, and nectar dehydration. Preferential times along the day were observed for entering and leaving nest, showing influence of sunrise and sunset times. Abandoned nests were reused by X. subcyanea and Centris tarsata

Preliminary evaluations of social and environmental impacts from mine-industrial project - uranium of Lagoa Real, Bahia, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Negrao, F.I.; Oliveira, G.G. de; Zanetti, J.C.; Cunha, R.P.P. da.

1990-01-01

The Uranium Province of Lagoa Real is situated in the central south of the State of Bahia and constitutes at the moment the second uranium resource of Brazil, containing, in several anomalies, as available resource, 93.850 ton. of U sub(3) O sub(8). The Uranio do Brasil S.A. develops a mine-industrial complex in this Province with the aim to extract and benefit uranium and intending to improve in 1992. The project is considered with high hazard, because involves te management of radioactive material, and becomes necessary an available of environmental impact, in accordance with CONAMA 001/86 and an active participation of the society. This paper aims to indentify the social and environmental impacts of this process, as a contribution of this important discussion. (author)

Conexões transnacionais entre as mulheres de direita Brasil, Chile e Estados Unidos

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Margaret Power

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Este artigo discute a importância transnacional dos movimentos de mulheres contra João Goulart, no Brasil, e contra Salvador Allende, no Chile, e o impacto que tiveram sobre as mulheres conservadoras dos Estados Unidos. Para tanto, examina a ampla cobertura que a mídia, nos Estados Unidos, deu aos movimentos dessas mulheres, assim como as visitas que as mulheres anti-Goulart fizeram aos Estados Unidos após o golpe militar brasileiro de 1964. Ele explora vários casos em que mulheres conservadoras brasileiras e chilenas partilharam suas experiências e suas vitórias políticas com as mulheres da América do Norte, que, por sua vez, foram inspiradas por elas. O artigo desafia a literatura acerca das mulheres de direita nos Estados Unidos, que tem ignorado o impacto que as mulheres conservadoras do Brasil ou do Chile tiveram sobre os movimentos desse país.

Impact of drainage and sewerage on intestinal nematode infections in poor urban areas in Salvador, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Moraes, L R S; Cancio, Jacira Azevedo; Cairncross, Sandy

2004-04-01

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1989 among children aged between 5 and 14 years old living in nine poor urban areas of the city of Salvador (pop. 2.44 million), capital of Bahia State, in Northeast Brazil. Three of these areas had benefited from both drainage and sewerage, 3 from improved drainage only, and 3 from neither. The children studied thus belonged to 3 exposure groups regarding their level of sanitation infrastructure. An extensive questionnaire was applied to collect information on each child and on the conditions of the household, and stool examinations of the children 5-14 years old were performed to measure nematode infection. Comparison of the sewerage group with the drainage-only group and the latter with the control (no sewerage or drainage) group showed that, when the level of community sanitation was better, the prevalence of infection among children was less, but risk factors identified for infection were more numerous and more significant. Intensity of infection with Trichuris, but not with Ascaris or hookworm, was also less. The results suggest that sewerage and drainage can have a significant effect on intestinal nematode infections, by reducing transmission occurring in the public domain.

Graça square in Salvador – BA: a “new” perception Largo da Graça em Salvador-BA: Uma “nova” percepção

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Denise Silva Magalhães

2012-07-01

Full Text Available The experience undertaken along an empirical work at Largo da Graça (Graça Square, in Salvador, Bahia, motivated this article which presents a deep study with new researches, local visits, interviews and pictures, as a reality direct observation technique. But, which method to adopt in order to learn the essence of the studied space? Following a thought by Júlia Adão Bernardes, I strayed without a trail, expecting to have trailed it at the end of the work. The activities were systematized and rationalized in order to lead to a valid knowledge of the area; I proceeded the investigations and analysis of the facts, processes and institutions of the past, which interacted with the qualitative interviews on the local workers, inhabitants and visitors everyday life. My perception of the Largo da Graça has changed from a simply perceived to a lived space, a differentiated public space, through its concreteness and the daily practices and social dynamics there occurring.Experiência vivenciada durante um pequeno trabalho empírico realizado no Largo da Graça, em Salvador-BA, motivou este artigo que apresenta o estudo aprofundado com novas pesquisas, várias visitas ao local, entrevistas e fotos, como técnicas de observação direta da realidade. Mas, qual método deveria seguir para apreender a essência do espaço em questão? Seguindo uma ponderação de Júlia Adão Bernardes, caminhei sem caminho, esperando tê-lo feito ao final do trabalho. Sistematizei e racionalizei as atividades, para obter um conhecimento válido da área; procedi a investigações e análises de fatos, processos e instituições do passado, que interagiram com entrevistas qualitativas sobre o cotidiano dos frequentadores, moradores e trabalhadores do local. Transformou-se minha percepção do Largo da Graça, de um espaço apenas percebido, para um espaço vivido, um espaço público diferenciado por sua concretude e por práticas cotidianas e dinâmicas sociais que

Quitones (Mollusca: Polyplacophora de El Salvador, América Central

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Cedar I García-Ríos

2007-03-01

Full Text Available En El Salvador se habían registrado los poliplacóforos Chaetopleura lurida (Sowerby, 1832; Ischnochiton guatemalensis (Thiele, 1910; Ceratozona angusta (Thiele, 1909; Chiton stokesii (Broderip, 1832 y Acantochitona exquisita (Pilsbry, 1893. Recolectamos quitones en aguas someras de El Salvador en julio del 2002, agragando a la lista a Lepidochitona beanii (Carpenter, 1857; Ischnochiton dispar (Sowerby, 1832; Stenoplax limaciformis (Sowerby, 1832; Callistochiton expressus (Carpenter, 1865; Acanthochitona arragonites (Carpenter, 1867; Acanthochitona ferreirai (Lyons, 1988 y Acanthochitona hirudiniformis (Sowerby, 1832. Ampliamos la distribución documentada de I. dispar hacia el norte y describimos brevemente una especie innominada de Lepidochitona.Chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora from El Salvador, Central America. Collections of 11 species of shallow water Polyplacophora from El Salvador were made in July 2002. Previously only five species had been documented in El Salvador: Chaetopleura lurida (Sowerby, 1832; Ischnochiton guatemalensis (Thiele, 1910; Ceratozona angusta (Thiele, 1909; Chiton stokesii (Broderip, 1832 and Acantochitona exquisita (Pilsbry, 1893. Of these, I. guatemalensis and A. exquisita were not collected in this census. Seven other species are reported here for El Salvador for the first time: Lepidochitona beanii (Carpenter, 1857; Ischnochiton dispar (Sowerby, 1832; Stenoplax limaciformis (Sowerby, 1832; Callistochiton expressus (Carpenter, 1865; Acanthochitona arragonites (Carpenter, 1867; A. ferreirai (Lyons, 1988 and A. hirudiniformis (Sowerby, 1832. The known geographic distribution of I. dispar is extended to the north. An un-named species of Lepidochitona is briefly described. Rev. Biol. Trop. 55 (1: 171-176. Epub 2007 March. 31.

O dilema de uma prática: experiências de aborto em uma maternidade pública de Salvador, Bahia

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Cecilia McCallum

Full Text Available Resumo Discute o aborto pelas perspectivas de mulheres internadas em uma maternidade pública de Salvador (BA. Enfatiza a observação participante do cotidiano do hospital e descreve trabalho de campo com técnicas de pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa. Por perspectiva etnográfica, aborda a experiência hospitalar de mulheres diante da interrupção, voluntária ou não, da gravidez e apresenta o ponto de vista dos profissionais de saúde, argumentando que a forma pela qual a instituição estrutura a atenção ao aborto e os processos de simbolização a ela imbricados afetam profundamente as experiências das mulheres. Aponta que a discriminação contra as mulheres que abortam está integrada a estrutura, organização e cultura institucionais, e não apenas a ações individuais dos profissionais.

Phosphorus-uranium relationship in phosphorites from Mejillones and Bahia Inglesa-Chile

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rojo L, M; Rivera S, E

1985-04-01

This work shows the statistical relationship between phosphorous and uranium for the most important Chilean phosphatic ore deposits, Mejillones (II Region) and Bahia Inglesa (III Region). Geochemical data showed that the Mejillones phosphorites have a lognormal character and its correlation coefficient is 0.85. Phosphatic ore deposit at Bahia Inglesa, has a similar distribution, but in this case the correlation coefficient is smaller, about 0.81. It is concluded that the genetic relation between phosphorous and uranium at the Mejillones phosphates is closer than those of Bahia Inglesa being more economically feasible.

Phosphorus-uranium relationship in phosphorites from Mejillones and Bahia Inglesa-Chile

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rojo L, M.; Rivera S, E.

1985-01-01

This work shows the statistical relationship between phosphorous and uranium for the most important Chilean phosphatic ore deposits, Mejillones (II Region) and Bahia Inglesa (III Region). Geochemical data showed that the Mejillones phosphorites have a lognormal character and its correlation coefficient is 0.85. Phosphatic ore deposit at Bahia Inglesa, has a similar distribution, but in this case the correlation coefficient is smaller about 0.81. It is concluded that the genetic relation between phosphorous and uranium at the Mejillones phosphates is more closer than those of Bahia Inglesa being this more economically feasible. (Author)

Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Annual Progress Report, Fiscal Year 1984

Science.gov (United States)

1984-10-01

Caracterizagao de estoques de Leishmania isolados de cio e de roedor (Proechimys inheringi denigratus) da regio sudeste da Bahia , atraves de anticorpos...monoclonais. XX Congresso da Soc. Brasileira de Medir.ina Tropical, Salvador, Bahia . Hembree, S. 1984. Malaria diagnosis, culture and drug sensitivity...SUBJECT AREAS I 1k. 0613 Microbiolo)gy 0603 Biology 13 START DATE 1A. ESTIMATED COMPLETIONcOATE I5. PUNOING ORGANIZATION 𔄀. PERFORMANCE METHOO 82 10 1

Arreteeriti Salvador Dali võltsija

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

1999-01-01

Hispaania politsei arreteeris Cadaquesis Salvador Dali endise sekretäri, ameeriklase John Peter Moore'i, kes tabati Dali võltslitograafiate müümiselt. Läbiotsimisel leiti Moore'i majast sadu võltsinguid

Use of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of auditory hallucinations of schizophrenia – a systematic review

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Pondé PH

2017-02-01

Full Text Available Pedro H Pondé,1 Eduardo P de Sena,2 Joan A Camprodon,3 Arão Nogueira de Araújo,2 Mário F Neto,4 Melany DiBiasi,5 Abrahão Fontes Baptista,6,7 Lidia MVR Moura,8 Camila Cosmo2,3,6,9,10 1Dynamics of Neuromusculoskeletal System Laboratory, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, 2Postgraduate Program in Interactive Process of Organs and Systems, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; 3Laboratory for Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Clinical Service, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 4Scientific Training Center Department, School of Medicine of Bahia, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; 5Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 6Functional Electrostimulation Laboratory, Biomorphology Department, 7Postgraduate Program on Medicine and Human Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; 8Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 9Center for Technological Innovation in Rehabilitation, Federal University of Bahia, 10Bahia State Health Department (SESAB, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Introduction: Auditory hallucinations are defined as experiences of auditory perceptions in the absence of a provoking external stimulus. They are the most prevalent symptoms of schizophrenia with high capacity for chronicity and refractoriness during the course of disease. The transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS – a safe, portable, and inexpensive neuromodulation technique – has emerged as a promising treatment for the management of auditory hallucinations. Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the level of evidence in the literature available for the use of tDCS as a treatment for auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia. Methods: A systematic review was performed

Antibiotic susceptibilities of Salmonella species prevalent among ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Arun Kumar Agnihotri

2016-03-21

Mar 21, 2016 ... The highest incidence was observed in children of 13-24 ... incidence of Salmonella and continued health education of ..... until it formed a homogenous suspension. ..... Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. .... Lagos University Teaching.

33 CFR 110.74c - Bahia de San Juan, PR.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

... 33 Navigation and Navigable Waters 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Bahia de San Juan, PR. 110.74c Section 110.74c Navigation and Navigable Waters COAST GUARD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY ANCHORAGES ANCHORAGE REGULATIONS Special Anchorage Areas § 110.74c Bahia de San Juan, PR. The waters of San Antonio...

Planificación estratégica de un circuito turístico hitórico-cultural experiencial: Itabuna - Bahia, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Gândara, J.M.; Mendes, J.; Moital, Miguel; Ribeiro, F.N.S.; Souza, I.J.; Goulart, L.A.

2012-01-01

itabuna has been one of the most important cities in the interior of bahia. for decades the production of cocoa gave it a prominent position in the state economy. at the end of 1980s, pests such as "witch's broom" ended the cocoa monoculture in the region and alternatives must were sought. the objective of this article is to analyze the potential of designing a historical/cultural experiential tourist product in itabuna. in order to achieve this objective, a bibliographical and documental rev...

Evaluation of the stocks of Hypnea musciformis (rhodophyta: gigartinales on two beaches in Bahia, Brazil

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Taiara Aguiar Caires

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Hypnea musciformis occurs widely in the northeast coast of Brazil, and it is one of the most important natural sources of k-carrageenan, which is used in food and cosmetic industries. Despite its potential for exploitation little is known about its ecology. The aim of this study was to investigate the biology and ecology of H. musciformis in Brazil through analyses of biomass stock and accompanying flora. Two populations of H. musciformis were analyzed: those on the beaches of Stella Maris and Itacimirim (Bahia, Brazil. Eight samplings were conducted between 2007 and 2009 during the dry and rainy seasons. The algae were sampled along transects (20 m using quadrats (0.04 m² in three different hydrodynamic regions of the reefs (TP, PRR and FRR. The t-Test, Dunn's Test and parametric and nonparametric ANOVA were used for statistical analyses. 17 host species and 41 associated species were identified. The highest biomass stock was observed during the dry season. On Stella Maris, the region with the highest biomass stock was FRR; on Itacimirim, TP had the highest biomass value. This study permits the assumption that seasonality, microhabitat, hydrodynamic and micro scale factors contribute to variation in biomass stock in H. musciformis populations.Hypnea musciformis ocorre amplamente na costa nordeste do Brasil, sendo uma das mais importantes fontes naturais de k-carrageenana que é utilizado nas indústrias alimentícia e cosmética. Apesar do potencial de explotação, pouco se sabe sobre sua ecologia. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a biologia e ecologia de H. musciformis no Brasil através da análise do estoque de biomassa e da flora acompanhante. Duas populações de H. musciformis foram analisadas nas praias de Stella Maris e Itacimirim (Bahia, Brasil. Oito amostragens foram realizadas entre 2007 e 2009, durante as estações seca e chuvosa. As algas foram coletadas ao longo de transectos (20 m utilizando quadrados (0,04 m² em tr

Análise Geoambiental de uma microbacia hidrográfica no município de Lençóis, Chapada Diamantina (Bahia, Brasil / Geoenvironmental analysis of a small watershed in municipality of Lençóis, Chapada Diamantina (Bahia, Brazil

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Jonatas Batista Mattos

2017-05-01

Full Text Available Este estudo teve como objetivo o levantamento da fisiografia e do uso do solo na microbacia do Rio Lençóis, com o intuito de constituir um instrumento de gestão dos recursos naturais. Esta microbacia, localiza-se no município de Lençóis, Chapada Diamantina, estado da Bahia, Região Nordeste do Brasil. As águas drenadas por esta microbacia são destinadas ao abastecimento hídrico da cidade. A metodologia empregada se fundamentou em teorias e métodos geossistêmicos e no uso do geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto. Os resultados indicaram que a microbacia do Rio Lençóis é alongada, com uma hidrografia pouco ramificada e esparsa. A tipologia climática é tropical de altitude, e a litologia é predominantemente metassedimentar, com uma geologia estrutural enviesada por falha transcorrente, que controla o canal fluvial principal. A geomorfologia é composta por serras, vales e terraços fluviais, com declividade média de 27,5%. A classe de cobertura vegetal predominante é o campo rupestre. Os níveis de preservação da cobertura vegetal, detectados no mapeamento, fornecem garantias de proteção ao sistema fluvial, resguardando assim, a boa condição natural das unidades geoambientais predominantes. Na interface geossistêmica, a microbacia do Rio Lençóis apresenta características físico-ambientais que sugerem um gerenciamento direcionado para conservação, a fim de garantir o uso equilibrado dos recursos naturais que promova recursos socioeconômicos.

O comércio de queijo de coalho na orla de Salvador, Bahia: trabalho infantil e segurança de alimentos

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Roberta Barbosa de Meneses

2012-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Caracterizar o comércio de queijo de coalho na orla marítima de Salvador (BA na perspectiva do trabalho infantil e da segurança de alimentos. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com entrevista de 40 vendedores, menores de 18 anos, e análise microbiológica de 80 amostras de queijo, 40 cruas e 40 assadas, submetidas aos seguintes procedimentos: contagem de micro-organismos aeróbios mesófilos e anaeróbios facultativos e estafilococos coagulase-positiva, estimativa do número mais provável de coliformes totais e termotolerantes Escherichia coli e pesquisa de Salmonella spp. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos vendedores era do sexo masculino (75%, estudantes (95%, com aproximadamente 14 anos. Como principais motivos para o trabalho estavam a complementação na renda familiar e a ocupação. A atividade ocorria, sobretudo, nos finais de semana, gerando renda entre meio e um salário-mínimo. Em média, a jornada diária era de 7 horas e o tempo na atividade de 21,6 meses. O queijo procedia de fornecedores informais e era mantido à temperatura ambiente, sendo registrados descuidos e noções insuficientes dos vendedores quanto à higiene de alimentos. Amostras cruas apresentaram contaminações expressivas por micro-organismos aeróbios mesófilos, estafilococos coagulase-positiva e por coliformes e termotolerantes, média de 8,14 e 1,95 log UFC/g e 4,3 log NMP/g; amostras assadas, na mesma ordem, registraram: 6,47 e 1,00 log UFC/g e 2,09 log NMP/g. Escherichia coli e Salmonella spp. também foram identificadas: 95% das amostras cruas e 50% das assadas classificaram-se como não conformes. CONCLUSÃO: Confirmam-se o trabalho infantil e a insegurança microbiológica para o queijo de coalho nas praias de Salvador (BA, e sinaliza-se a necessidade de intervenção.

Frequency of species of the Genus Eimeria in naturally infected cattle in Southern Bahia, Northeast Brazil Frequência de espécies do gênero Eimeria em bovinos naturalmente infectados no Sudeste da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil

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Valter dos Anjos Almeida

2011-03-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to determine the presence of species of the genus Eimeria species in naturally infected bovines in Southern Bahia, Northeast Brazil. The study population comprised 117 Zebu crossbred cattle that belonged to 10 dairy herds with extensive or semi-extensive production systems. The modified Gordon and Whitlock technique was used to determine positive samples and number of oocysts per gram of feces. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test with Yates correction and a 95% confidence interval. Thirty-nine cattle (33.33% were positive, and ten different species were identified in infected animals: E. bovis (24.79%; E. canadensis (8.55%; E. zuernii (6.83%; E. ellipsoidalis (5.99%; E. cylindrica (3.42%; E. auburnensis (3.42%; E. brasiliensis (2.56%; E. bukidnonensis (1.71%; E. alabamensis (0.85%, and E. subspherica (0.85%. Higher parasitism was observed in animals up to one year of age (p = 0.005, but no animal presented clinical signs of the disease. As the presence of clinical eimeriosis was not evidenced and all animals were Zebu crossbred cattle from extensive or semi-extensive production systems, further studies should be conducted to investigate the effects of these factors on disease development.O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a presença de espécies do gênero Eimeria em bovinos naturalmente infectados, na região Sudeste da Bahia, Nordeste do Brasil. A população do estudo incluiu 117 bovinos mestiços de raças Zebuínas que pertenciam a 10 fazendas leiteiras com sistemas de produção extensivo ou semiextensivo. A técnica de Gordon e Whitlock modificada foi utilizada para determinar as amostras positivas e o número de oocistos por grama de fezes. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o teste do qui-quadrado com correção de Yates e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Trinta e nove animais (33,33% foram positivos, e dez diferentes espécies foram identificadas nos animais

Botanical profile of bee pollen from the southern coastal region of Bahia, Brazil Perfil botânico do pólen apícola proveniente do litoral sul da Bahia, Brasil

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Marcos da Costa Dórea

2010-09-01

Full Text Available This paper aims to identify the botanical origin of pollen loads collected by Apis mellifera L. in Canavieiras municipality, Bahia state. It provides a list of polliniferous plant species from the Atlantic Forest biome that are important for the development of regional apiculture. Using the acetolysis method, 35 bee-pollen samples were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Results showed that pollen types Elaeis (23.99%, Mimosa pudica (22.78% and Cecropia (13.68% were the most abundant among the samples. These also showed the highest relative frequencies of the material studied and were important pollen sources for bees in the study area.O presente trabalho teve por objetivo identificar a origem botânica das bolotas de pólen coletadas pelas abelhas Apis mellifera L. no município de Canavieiras, Bahia, gerando uma lista de plantas poliníferas pertencentes ao bioma Mata Atlântica e importantes para o desenvolvimento da apicultura regional. Foram analisadas palinologicamente 35 amostras de pólen apícola, utilizando-se o processo de acetólise para, em seguida, serem feitas análises qualitativas e quantitativas. Os resultados revelaram que os tipos polínicos Elaeis (23,99%, Mimosa pudica (22,78% e Cecropia (13,68% foram os mais abundantes no pólen apícola analisado. Estes tipos polínicos também apresentaram as maiores frequências relativas de todo o material estudado e representam importantes plantas fontes de pólen para as abelhas na área estudada.

Dietary inadequacy in El Salvador.

Science.gov (United States)

Marroquin, C G; Hernandez, M I; Hernandez, B M; Mancia, I Y

1992-01-01

Researchers conducted a dietary survey of 59 households selected at random in the marginal community of Peralta in San Salvador, El Salvador to ascertain nutritional needs of the families and identify factors which affect intrafamilial distribution and consumption of food. A nutritionist weighed all the food consumed by each family member in 1 day. 50% of the family members consumed just grain, sugar, oil, and/or beans. 93% of the people ate 90% of the required quantity of vitamin A. 88% ate inadequate amounts of riboflavin, 77% iron, and 40% protein. Moreover 58% of the households spent 61-100% of their income on food. No association occurred between caloric sufficiency and family size and between age and dietary adequacy. Therefore each family evenly distributed food among family members. Further poorer families consumed less food than the families of the higher socioeconomic group.

Plants used in the treatment of leishmanial ulcers due to Leishmania (Viannia braziliensis in an endemic area of Bahia, Brazil

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Flávio França

1996-06-01

Full Text Available This paper records the plants used in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia braziliensis (L(Vb among the rural population of a cocoa- producing coastal area of Bahia state, Brazil. An enquiry conducted among a hundred patients identified 49 plant species used to treat skin ulceration caused by this Leishmania species. The principal plants used are caju-branco (Anacardium occidentale - Anacardiaceae, used by 65% of the population, folha-fogo (Clidemia hirta - Melastomataceae 39%, alfavaca-grossa (Plectranthus amboinicus - Lamiaceae 33%, mastruz (Chenopodium ambrosioides - Chenopodiaceae 31%, erva-de-santa-maria (Solatium americanum - Solanaceae (25% and transagem (Plantago major - Plantaginaceae. 2%.Este trabalho relata as plantas usadas no tratamento da leishmaniose cutânea, causada por Leishmania (Viannia braziliensis (L(Vb, na população rural da faixa litorânea produtora de cacau do estado da Bahia, Brasil. Um inquérito realizado entre 100 pacientes, identificou 49 espécies de plantas usadas para tratar úlceras de pele causadas por esta espécie de Leishmânia. As principais plantas usadas foram o cajueiro-branco (Anacardium occidentale - Anacardiaceae usado por 65% da população, a folha-fogo (Clidemia hirta - Melastomataceae 39%, a alfavaca-grossa (Plectranthus amboinicus - Lamiaceae 33%, o mastruz (Chenopodium ambrosioides - henopodiaceae 31%, a erva-de-santa-maria (Solanum americanum - Solanaceae 25% e a transagem (Plantago major - Plantaginaceae 2%.

Salvador Dali : 1904-1989

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

Sürrealismi joonte levimine mööblikujundusse - Salvador Dali Edvard Jamesile kavandatud diivan "Mae Westi huuled". Diivani ideeks Dali maal "Mae Westi nägu, mida võiks kasutada sürrealistliku ruumina", mille järgi on sisustatud üks ruum 1973. a. Hispaanias Figuerases avatud Dali majamuuseumis. 2 ill

Linhas de tensões no processo de acolhimento das equipes de saúde bucal do Programa Saúde da Família: o caso de Alagoinhas, Bahia, Brasil Conflicting situations in the reception of oral health teams from the Family Health Program in Alagoinhas, Bahia, Brazil

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Adriano Maia dos Santos

2007-01-01

Full Text Available O estudo discute as linhas de tensões do processo de acolhimento das equipes de saúde bucal, no Programa Saúde da Família, no Município de Alagoinhas, Bahia, Brasil, tomando como eixo orientador os fluxogramas analisadores do processo de trabalho em saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, tendo como técnicas de coleta de dados: entrevista semi-estruturada e observação sistemática. Os sujeitos do estudo foram 17 pessoas: grupo I (cirurgiões-dentistas e auxiliares de consultórios dentários - 6; grupo II (outros trabalhadores de saúde - 6; grupo III (usuários - 5. Os resultados revelaram que o primeiro contato do usuário com a unidade de saúde da família é realizado na recepção, espaço privilegiado para utilização das tecnologias leves, sendo manifestado de forma tensa e conflitante, porém com potencialidade para construir alternativas de mudança. O processo terapêutico ocorre de distintas maneiras: consulta clínica, atendimento de urgência, retornos programados e encaminhamentos externos a outros serviços da rede. Contudo, as equipes de saúde bucal imprimem diferentes formas de acolhimento, ficando na dependência do compromisso e da singularidade dos sujeitos que atuam na prática.The study discusses the conflicting situations that arise while receiving oral health teams in Alagoinhas, Bahia, Brazil. The main orientation for the Family Health Program is based on analyzing health care work flowcharts. The current qualitative research used semi-structured interviews and practical observation as the data collection techniques. There were 17 study subjects: group I (dentists and dental assistants - 6; group II (other health workers - 6; and group III (users - 5. Users' first contact with the family health team is in the reception, often in a tense and conflicting atmosphere, but with the potential for alternatives for change, as a privileged space for the use of low-key technologies. The therapeutic process varies

Youth outreach centres in El Salvador: providing alternatives to displacement

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Benjamin J Roth

2017-10-01

Full Text Available A growing number of youth are fleeing El Salvador, one of the most violent countries in the world, and travelling unaccompanied to the US-Mexico border. Youth Outreach Centres have been set up in El Salvador to try to improve conditions in their neighbourhoods and encourage young people to stay.

Lenini ilmumine Salvador Dalile / Ants Juske

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Juske, Ants, 1956-2016

2007-01-01

Salvador Dali maali "Osaline kangastus. Kuus Lenini ilmumist tiibklaveril" ("Hallucination partielle. Six apparitions de Lénine sur un piano") verbaalsest interpretatsioonist Harkovi ülikooli uurija Oleg Zaslavski teooria alusel

História da parturição no Brasil, século XIX

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Anayansi Correa Brenes

1991-06-01

Full Text Available A presente pesquisa objetivou resgatar as particularidades da constituição da Arte Obstétrica no Brasil do século XIX, quando, por edital de Dom João VI, é incluída nas disciplinas que inauguram as escolas de medicina e cirurgia, na Bahia e Rio de Janeiro, em 1808. Para realizar a pesquisa foram revistas 83 teses médicas obstétricas - produzidas tanto na Bahia quanto no Rio de Janeiro - no século XIX. Verificou-se que, tradicionalmente, esta Arte era realizada por mulheres denominadas "aparadeiras" ou "comadres", que assistiam as mulheres, seja no trabalho de parto e nos cuidados pré e pós-parto, quanto em outras circunstâncias, tais como doenças venéreas e abortos. A entrada dos médicos-parteiros nesta prática inaugurou, não só o esquadrinhamento do corpo feminino, como a produção de um saber anatômico e fisiológico da mulher, a partir do olhar masculino.This research aimed at recovering the peculiarities of the development of Obstetrical Art in Brazil during XIX century, starting in 1808, when a legal act signed by D. João VI included this discipline in the initial curriculum of the schools of medicine and surgery founded in Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. Research was undertaken through the review of 83 medical theses in the field of Obstetrics, produced in Bahia and Rio de Janeiro in XIX century. The data showed that Obstetrical Art was traditionally performed by women called "aparadeiras" (catchers or "comadres", who cared for women before, during and after delivery, and provided assistance in other situations, like venereal diseases and abortion. The inclusion of physicians-obstetricians in this practice led not only to a scrutinizing of the female body, but also to the production of an anatomical and physiological knowledge of the female organism from a male standpoint.

El Salvador - Non-Formal Skills Development

Data.gov (United States)

Millennium Challenge Corporation — The Non-Formal Skills Development Sub-Activity had a budget of $5 million (USD) to provide short-term training to vulnerable populations in El Salvador's Northern...

Evolução dos acidentes de trânsito em um grande centro urbano, 1991-2000 Traffic accidents in a metropolitan area in Brazil, 1991-2000

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Zenaide Calazans de Oliveira

2008-02-01

Full Text Available Este estudo descreve a evolução dos acidentes de trânsito em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, entre 1991 e 2000, utilizando-se dados do Departamento Estadual de Trânsito do Estado da Bahia. Calculou-se taxas globais dos acidentes de trânsito, vítimas e taxas padronizadas de mortalidade por habitante e por veículos, e comparou-se médias destes indicadores para antes (1991 a 1994 e após (1995 a 2000 a adoção de medidas de intervenção como o uso do cinto de segurança e o Código Nacional de Trânsito. As taxas de acidentes de trânsito e de vítimas apresentaram-se elevadas e estáveis. A mortalidade reduziu entre 1995 e 1998, (25,7/100 mil habitantes e 18,1/100 mil, respectivamente estabilizando-se posteriormente. A diferença entre médias das taxas de mortalidade foi estatisticamente significante (p A time series study described the trend in motor vehicle accidents from 1991 to 2000, using data from the State Transit Department in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. Rates were calculated for total motor vehicle accidents, number of casualties, and standardized mortality based on population and number of vehicles, comparing two periods (1991-1994 and 1995-2000, before and after the adoption of safety measures including compulsory seat belt use and the new National Transit Code (NTC. Vehicle accident and casualty rates were high and showed little variation during the study period. The mortality rate decreased from 25.7/100,000 inhabitants in 1995 to 18.1/100,000 in 1998 and remained stable thereafter. The only significant difference (p < 0.001 was in the mean motor vehicle accident mortality rate before and after the intervention. The case fatality rate decreased from 10.7% (1995 to 7% (2000. Although still representing a major public health problem in this important metropolitan area, the decrease in motor vehicle accident mortality was possibly due to interventions in 1995 and expanded NTC measures in 1998. Greater efforts to change driver and

Metamorphism, metasomatism and mineralization at Lagoa Real, Bahia, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lobato, L.M.

1985-09-01

Uranium deposits cumulatively in the 100,000 tonne U 3 O 8 range occur within ductile shear zones transecting Archean basement gneisses of the Sao Francisco Craton, at the Lagoa Real region of south-central Bahia, Brasil. The gneisses, dated at 2.6-3.0Ga, are at amphibolite and granulite facies and overlie to the west, the Proterozoic Espinhaco metasedimentary sequence along a thrust fault. Petrography and mineral chemistry show that in the zones of alteration/mineralization, the original K-feldspar + quartz + albite/oligoclase + hastingsite assemblage, is replaced by albite + aegirine - angite + andradite + hematite assemblages, with or without uraninite. This information along with oxygen isotope, whole rock geochemistry and fluid inclusion studies indicate that the alteration process involves removal of Si, K, Rb, Ba and addition of Na under oxidizing conditions. V, Pb and Sr were introduced along with U via interaction with saline SO 2 - rich, isotopically light fluids under varying water/rock ratios and at temperatures of 500 - 550 0 C. 87 Sr/ 86 Sr systematics suggest that it is unlikely that Sr, and by extension uranium, were introduced by fluids originating from the basement gneisses. Geological constraints and the general alteration pattern are consistent with the release of the mineralizing fluids in response to the overloading of the basement rocks onto the Sedimentary Espinhaco via a thrust mechanism. (Author) [pt

Produtos naturais utilizados para tratamento de asma em crianças residentes na cidade de Salvador-BA, Brasil

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Ryan dos S. Costa

Full Text Available O conhecimento popular é o passo inicial para a investigação científica de atividades terapêuticas de remédios caseiros. Diversas patologias podem ser tratadas ou amenizadas através de preparações de origem natural e muitos fármacos disponíveis são oriundos de fontes naturais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o uso de remédios caseiros derivados de plantas para tratamento de asma em crianças residentes no município de Salvador. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de estudo realizado em Salvador sobre fatores de risco, uso de medicações e vias imunológicas relacionadas à asma em crianças. Foram calculadas as freqüências de uso de preparações caseiras para tratamento de asma por esta população e realizado uma revisão bibliográfica sobre os efeitos das plantas mais usadas. Dentre as espécies mais citadas, destacam-se o Allium sativum (alho que teve a maior freqüência de utilização na preparação dos remédios caseiros (25%, seguido da Allium cepa (cebola, 19,74%. Após a revisão crítica de literatura, constatou-se que a maioria das espécies é utilizada com base em relatos fundamentados no saber popular, sendo assim carente de evidências científicas para as atividades farmacoterapêuticas esperadas. Neste sentido, há necessidade de mais estudos farmacológicos para comprovação das atividades terapêuticas peculiares a cada produto de origem natural bem como para avaliar possíveis efeitos tóxicos destes produtos.

Estratégia de apoio em saúde mental aos agentes comunitários de saúde de Salvador-BA Strategy for supporting community health agents in mental health actions in Salvador-BA

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Cristiane Batista da Silva

2012-03-01

Full Text Available Este artigo descreve uma intervenção de apoio matricial, modelo de integração do cuidado em saúde mental na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF, a partir de suporte técnico-pedagógico e retaguarda especializada à equipe de referência, cuja atuação permite que os sujeitos sejam cuidados na dinâmica do seu próprio território. OBJETIVO: relatar experiência de apoio matricial junto aos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde no bairro de Saramandaia (Salvador, Bahia que buscou formular novas formas de relação entre saúde mental e saúde da família. PROCEDIMENTOS METODOLÓGICOS: A experiência resultou de uma pesquisa, intitulada "Construção social da aprendizagem em saúde mental e saúde da família" e dos contatos com a equipe; nela foram respeitados três cuidados essenciais da pesquisa qualitativa: aprovação pelo comitê de ética, anonimato e resguardo do uso abusivo do poder na relação entre pesquisador e participantes. Para o matriciamento, foram realizadas reuniões teóricas, discussão de casos e visitas domiciliares. RESULTADOS: O apoio matricial propiciou a construção coletiva de saberes em saúde mental, garantiu espaço de cuidado aos Agentes Comunitários de Saúde e fomentou a construção de redes do cotidiano, estimulando a articulação entre saúde mental e saúde da família de forma a favorecer o exercício da cidadania e a autonomia dos sujeitos sobre sua própria saúde.This paper describes an intervention offering matrix support, a model for integrating mental health care in Family Health Strategy (FHS. In this model, technical-pedagogical and specialized services are offered to the primary care team, helping them to provide care to the patients in the dynamics of their own territory. OBJECTIVE: To report the experience of offering matrix support to Community Health Agents in the district of Saramandaia (Salvador, Bahia, which tried to formulate new possible relations between mental health and family

Uso popular de plantas medicinais por mulheres da comunidade quilombola de Furadinho em Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil

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L. R. Oliveira

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se com este trabalho realizar um levantamento do uso popular de plantas medicinais por mulheres da Comunidade Quilombola de Furadinho em Vitória da Conquista-Bahia. O trabalho foi realizado na comunidade Quilombola de Furadinho, visando identificar as principais plantas utilizadas com fins medicinais, as formas de obtenção, sua indicação medicinal, a parte da planta utilizada, as formas de preparo, bem como as formas de obtenção e transmissão deste conhecimento. Para a realização dessa pesquisa foram entrevistadas 14mulheres com idades variadas, moradoras dessa comunidade, através de questionários semi estruturados, e análise descritiva. Constatou-se um vasto conhecimento relacionado ao uso de plantas medicinais entre as entrevistadas, o qual foi adquirido de forma oral através de pais e avós. As plantas medicinais utilizadas são em sua maioria cultivadas em quintais, sendo as folhas a parte mais utilizada nas preparações medicamentosas, e a principal forma de preparo são os chás. Foram identificadas 30 plantas com fins medicinais e terapêuticos, sendo a Erva cidreira, o Capim santo, o Hortelã grosso, a Arruda e a Erva doce as mais utilizadas.Popularized use of medicinal plants by women of Quilombo of Furadinho community in Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil Abstract: This work aimed to carry out a survey of the popular use of medicinal plants by women of Furadinho Quilombo Community in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. The work was conducted in the Furadinho Quilombo Community, aiming at identifying the main plants used for medical purposes, the ways of obtaining, its indication medicinal, the part of the plant used, the forms of preparation, as well as ways of obtaining and transmission of this knowledge. For the realization of this research were interviewed 14 women with ages varied, dwell in this community, through semi-structured questionnaires, and descriptive analysis. It was found a vast knowledge related to

Prevenção da transmissão vertical do HIV: atitude dos obstetras em Salvador, Brasil Prevention of HIV vertical transmission: obstetricians'atitude in Salvador, Brasil

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João Paulo Queiroz Farias

2008-03-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar as atitudes e conhecimento dos obstetras das maternidades públicas da cidade de Salvador (MPS sobre as recomendações do Ministério da Saúde para a profilaxia da transmissão vertical do vírus humano da imunodeficiência (HIV e terapia antiretroviral em gestantes. Avaliou-se também a influência das condições de trabalho, disponibilidade da testagem rápida e da terapia antiretroviral em relação à aplicação destas recomendações. MÉTODOS: realizou-se um estudo de corte transversal entre agosto e novembro de 2005, envolvendo 129/152 (85% dos obstetras de todas as MPS. Utilizou-se como instrumento um questionário anônimo, estruturado e auto-explicativo, com questões sobre as características da população, condições de trabalho e disponibilidade de insumos, conhecimento e atitudes relacionadas ao aconselhamento e testagem para o HIV e condutas com as pacientes (uso da zidovudina (AZT, reconhecimento de fatores de risco, escolha e manejo da via de parto e cuidados no puerpério. RESULTADOS: dos obstetras, 69% referiram conhecer integralmente as recomendações do Ministério da Saúde; 90,7% concordaram com a solicitação compulsória da testagem rápida para o HIV; 63,6% escolheram a cesariana para via de parto; 38% contra-indicaram o parto por via vaginal; 37,5% recomendaram isolamento das pacientes soropositivas e 58,1% indicaram laqueadura tubária. A maioria (90% dos sujeitos referiram a existência de fatores prejudiciais à aplicabilidade das recomendações, sendo que os mais apontados foram a realização inadequada e a indisponibilidade das informações do pré-natal na admissão. Embora a testagem rápida estivesse disponível, apenas um terço dos entrevistados afirmou que o resultado estava sempre disponível em tempo hábil. CONCLUSÕES: algumas atitudes relacionadas à assistência à gestante com HIV foram discordantes das recomendações do Ministério da Saúde. Na opinião dos

Global 1989 in El Salvador

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Dykmann, Klaas

1989 can be regarded as a regional moment (and not as a global moment) in Latin America and for the inter-American relations. The changes in El Salvador (moderation of guerrilla, change of UCA academics‘ position, tamed right-wing in power) were rather accelerated through the rebels’ offensive...

A abordagem cognitiva em pontos de inclusão digital em cidades da Bahia: marco teórico-metodológico Enfoque cognitivo en puntos de acceso a la inclusión digital en ciudades de Bahía: conceptos y método Cognitive Approach in the Digital Inclusion Point in Bahia's Towns: methodologic Theoretical Framework

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Barbara Coelho Neves

2009-12-01

Full Text Available A presente comunicação visa relatar alguns progressos da pesquisa interessada em compreender o processo de mediação desenvolvido pelos pontos de inclusão digital (PIDs em cidades do estado da Bahia (Brasil. O objetivo é verificar se os modelos de acesso desenvolvidos nos PIDs, considerados como os de maior inclusão digital, favorecem a convergência de recursos (físicos, digitais, humanos e sociais. O marco teórico utilizado na investigação é apresentado, descrevendo os conceitos de tecnologia e de mediação pautada na cognição para contextualizar o objeto, centrando na compreensão da convergência de recursos cognitivos. A metodologia é descritiva, estando em desenvolvimento em 10 cidades.La presente comunicación detalla algunos de los avances de la investigación dedicada a comprender el proceso de mediación desarrollado por los puntos de inclusión digital (PIDs en ciudades del estado de Bahía (Brasil. El objetivo es verificar si los modelos de acceso desarrollados en los PIDs, considerados como los de mayor inclusión digital, favorecen la convergencia de recursos (físicos, digitales, humanos y sociales. Se presenta el marco teórico utilizado en la investigación para describir los conceptos de tecnología y de mediación pautada en la cognición, con el propósito de contextualizar el objeto, se enfoca en la comprensión de la convergencia de recursos cognitivos. El método es descriptivo, y se está aplicando en 10 ciudades.This work shows the progress of the research that intended to understand the mediation process developed by the access points of digital inclusion (PIDs in Bahia's towns (Brazil. It describes the first steps of the research, but progress is being made in concepts that allow us to understand the mediation process, focusing on the convergence of cognitive resources. The general purpose is to verify that the access models developed in Bahia's PIDs, which are considered of greater digital inclusion

Towards an e-Health Cloud Solution for Remote Regions at Bahia-Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Sarinho, V T; Mota, A O; Silva, E P

2017-12-19

This paper presents CloudMedic, an e-Health Cloud solution that manages health care services in remote regions of Bahia-Brazil. For that, six main modules: Clinic, Hospital, Supply, Administrative, Billing and Health Business Intelligence, were developed to control the health flow among health actors at health institutions. They provided database model and procedures for health business rules, a standard gateway for data maintenance between web views and database layer, and a multi-front-end framework based on web views and web commands configurations. These resources were used by 2042 health actors in 261 health posts covering health demands from 118 municipalities at Bahia state. They also managed approximately 2.4 million health service 'orders and approximately 13.5 million health exams for more than 1.3 million registered patients. As a result, a collection of health functionalities available in a cloud infrastructure was successfully developed, deployed and validated in more than 28% of Bahia municipalities. A viable e-Health Cloud solution that, despite municipality limitations in remote regions, decentralized and improved the access to health care services at Bahia state.

The relative contribution of immigration or local increase for persistence of urban schistosomiasis in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Blanton, Ronald E; Barbosa, Lúcio M; Reis, Eliana A; Carmo, Theomira M; Dos Santos, Cláudio R A; Costa, Jackson M; Aminu, Peace T; Blank, Walter A; Reis, Renato Barbosa; Guimarães, Isabel C; Silva, Luciano K; Reis, Mitermayer G

2015-03-01

Urbanization is increasing across the globe, and diseases once considered rural can now be found in urban areas due to the migration of populations from rural endemic areas, local transmission within the city, or a combination of factors. We investigated the epidemiologic characteristics of urban immigrants and natives living in a neighborhood of Salvador, Brazil where there is a focus of transmission of Schistosoma mansoni. In a cross-sectional study, all inhabitants from 3 sections of the community were interviewed and examined. In order to determine the degree of parasite differentiation between immigrants and the native born, S. mansoni eggs from stools were genotyped for 15 microsatellite markers. The area received migrants from all over the state, but most infected children had never been outside of the city, and infected snails were present at water contact sites. Other epidemiologic features suggested immigration contributed little to the presence of infection. The intensity and prevalence of infection were the same for immigrants and natives when adjusted for age, and length of immigrant residence in the community was positively associated with prevalence of infection. The population structure of the parasites also supported that the contribution from immigration was small, since the host-to-host differentiation was no greater in the urban parasite population than a rural population with little distant immigration, and there had been little differentiation in the urban population over the past 7 years. Public health efforts should focus on eliminating local transmission, and once eliminated, reintroduction from distant migration is unlikely.

The relative contribution of immigration or local increase for persistence of urban schistosomiasis in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

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Ronald E Blanton

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Urbanization is increasing across the globe, and diseases once considered rural can now be found in urban areas due to the migration of populations from rural endemic areas, local transmission within the city, or a combination of factors. We investigated the epidemiologic characteristics of urban immigrants and natives living in a neighborhood of Salvador, Brazil where there is a focus of transmission of Schistosoma mansoni. In a cross-sectional study, all inhabitants from 3 sections of the community were interviewed and examined. In order to determine the degree of parasite differentiation between immigrants and the native born, S. mansoni eggs from stools were genotyped for 15 microsatellite markers. The area received migrants from all over the state, but most infected children had never been outside of the city, and infected snails were present at water contact sites. Other epidemiologic features suggested immigration contributed little to the presence of infection. The intensity and prevalence of infection were the same for immigrants and natives when adjusted for age, and length of immigrant residence in the community was positively associated with prevalence of infection. The population structure of the parasites also supported that the contribution from immigration was small, since the host-to-host differentiation was no greater in the urban parasite population than a rural population with little distant immigration, and there had been little differentiation in the urban population over the past 7 years. Public health efforts should focus on eliminating local transmission, and once eliminated, reintroduction from distant migration is unlikely.

Simultaneidade de fatores de risco cardiovascular modificáveis na população adulta de Salvador (BA, Brasil Clustering of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in adults living in Salvador (BA, Brazil

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Ines Lessa

2004-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estimar a freqüência da simultaneidade de fatores de risco cardiovascular modificáveis, com e sem inclusão da hipertensão arterial, em uma população miscigenada. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal realizado em 1 298 adultos com idade > 20 anos na Cidade de Salvador, Brasil, em 2000. Foram incluídos oito fatores de risco cardiovascular modificáveis, considerados em qualquer combinação: colesterol total > 240 mg/dL; colesterol das lipoproteínas de alta densidade (HDL-c 200 mg/dL; glicemia > 126 mg/dL + diabetes controlado; índice de massa corporal > 25 kg/m², cintura > 102 cm (homens e > 88 cm (mulheres, tabagismo e alcoolismo. Os resultados foram estratificados de acordo com o número de fatores de risco simultâneos (de zero a cinco ou mais; e dois ou mais. Os dados foram analisados em termos de proporções estimadas e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%, com e sem inclusão da hipertensão arterial (critério JNC-VI, razões entre proporções e qui-quadrado para proporções como medida de associação. RESULTADOS: Entre os homens (41,4% dos participantes, 7,5% (IC95%: 2,5 a 9,7 não apresentaram fatores de risco; 68,8% (IC95%: 65,0 a 72,8 apresentaram dois ou mais fatores de risco, excluída a hipertensão. Quando a hipertensão foi incluída, 73,4% (IC95%: 69,7 a 77,1 apresentaram dois ou mais fatores de risco. Entre as mulheres, 11,6% não apresentaram fatores de risco. A presença de dois ou mais fatores de risco, excluída a hipertensão, foi observada em 67,7% (IC95%: 64,8 a 71,4. Após inclusão da hipertensão, 71,7% (IC95%: 68,5 a 74,9 das mulheres apresentaram dois ou mais fatores de risco. Foram observadas diferenças significativas entre presença de dois ou mais fatores de risco para homens com até 4 anos de estudo versus homens com 5 a menos de 11 anos de estudo (P OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, with and without inclusion of arterial hypertension, occurring

Carles Salvador, l'autoritat gramatical

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Vicent Pitarch

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Carles Salvador had strong nationalistic convictions and was very active in promoting the Catalan language in several areas, specifically in developing treatises on spelling, grammar and lexicography. His work would help consolidate the standardization of Catalan in the Valencian Country and would make him an unquestionable authority on Catalan grammar.

Transportation in El Salvador: a commitment to global warming management

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lafleur, A.

2001-01-01

San Salvador City, El Salvador, is a city plagued with air pollution caused by traffic and congestion. Forecasts indicate the problem is likely to worsen in the coming years. Delcan International Corporation was commissioned by the Ministry of Public Works of El Salvador to study and evaluate the design and alternatives to a Ring Road circling San Salvador. The project, financed by the Inter-American Development Bank, is discussed in this paper, along with a summary of aspects of an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) and the environmental impacts assessment conducted. Human-induced changes in climate, increasing levels of greenhouse gases are referred to as global warming of climate change. Water vapour, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone are the main greenhouse gases, with carbon dioxide representing the biggest threat. Approximately 14 per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions are caused by fumes emanating from motor-vehicle gasoline-fuels, and 50 per cent of those are produced in developing countries. Motor vehicles produce 60 to 90 per cent of carbon dioxide emissions in Latin America urban centres. Some ways of reducing carbon dioxide emissions are: reduce travel, use more efficient vehicles, improving existing vehicle technologies and fuels, improving traveller behaviour, reducing congestion. ITS could be a valuable tool for measuring the effectiveness of measures designed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The Intelligent Transportation System assists with the evaluation of the optimization and enlargement of existing roads, especially downtown, the construction of a highway around the city. This evaluation includes an environmental impact assessment, a traffic study and the highway final design. The Government of El Salvador has shown its commitment to sustainable practices toward global warming

75 FR 39556 - Extension of the Designation of El Salvador for Temporary Protected Status and Automatic...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-09

... resulting from the series of earthquakes that struck the country in 2001, and El Salvador remains unable... devastation caused by earthquakes). El Salvador's recovery from the earthquakes is still incomplete. As of... earthquakes, other recent destructive environmental events and its weak economy, El Salvador cannot adequately...

O Estatuto da Cidade e a democratização das políticas urbanas no Brasil

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Leonardo Avritzer

2012-11-01

Full Text Available O Brasil tem passado por um fortíssimo movimento de democratização do acesso a terra urbana e de regulamentação do uso da mesma. A origem destes processos está na organização do movimento pela reforma urbana nos anos 80 e sua atuação com êxito na Assembléia Nacional Constituinte. Neste artigo, iremos em primeiro lugar discutir a emergência e as principais características do movimento da reforma urbana no Brasil. Analisamos em detalhe como a relação entre as associações da sociedade civil e os atores políticos foi se modificando durante a luta pela reforma urbana no Brasil. Em segundo lugar, mostramos como a participação surgiu no campo das lutas pela reforma urbana e como ela gerou uma legislação participativa sobre o assunto ao longo do período da formulação da Constituição e no período imediatamente posterior. Em terceiro lugar, mostramos como o requisito de Planos Diretores Urbanos foi implementado nas cidades de São Paulo, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre e Salvador.

O conhecimento ictiológico tradicional dos pescadores da cidade de Barra, região do médio São Francisco, Estado da Bahia, Brasil The traditional ichthyological knowledge of fishermen from the city of Barra, median region of San Francisco, state of Bahia, Brazil

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Márcia Nogueira de Melo

2002-05-01

Full Text Available No artigo discute-se o conhecimento ictiológico tradicional de uma comunidade pesqueira da cidade de Barra, localizada na região oeste do Estado da Bahia, nordeste do Brasil. Os pescadores de Barra desenvolvem suas atividades habituais às margens dos rios São Francisco e Grande. O trabalho de campo foi realizado no período de janeiro a junho de 2000. Foram consultados 15 informantes (10 homens e 5 mulheres através de entrevistas livres e semi-estruturadas com o objetivo de registrar os aspectos cognitivos (etnotaxonomia, reprodução, comportamento, ecologia trófica, hábitat e culturais (restrições ao consumo de peixes e usos na medicina popular relacionados com as espécies de peixes locais. Dezoito espécies foram coletadas, identificadas e encontram-se depositadas no Laboratório de Ictiologia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. Os resultados revelam que os pescadores ainda possuem conhecimentos teóricos e práticos importantes que devem ser considerados em estudos de manejo, conservação e uso sustentável dos recursos pesqueiros. Problemas ecológicos de origem antrópica, tais como pesca predatória e introdução de espécies exóticas, vêm afetando o modo de vida dos pescadores tradicionais, tanto os da cidade de Barra como os das áreas adjacentes.This paper deals with the traditional ichthyological knowledge of fishermen’s community from the city of Barra, which is located in the west region of Bahia State, Northeast Brazil. These fishermen develop their usual activities at the edges of São Francisco and Grande rivers. Fieldwork was carried out from January to June 2000. A total of 15 informants (ten male and five female were consulted through open and semi-structured interviews, with the aim to record both the cognitive (ethnotaxonomy, reproduction, behaviour, food ecology, habitat and cultural aspects (restrictions to the fish eating and their use as folk medicine towards the local fish species. Eighteen

Lugar e criminalidade: leituras geográficas da mídia impressa soteropolitana

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Cláudia Alves dos Santos

2011-07-01

Full Text Available As análises referentes à criminalidade nos/dos lugares, através da mídia impressa, produziram uma reflexão sobre as representações do espaço e os espaços de representação na/da metrópole de Salvador. Os dados utilizados para análise foram extraídos dos jornais A Tarde e Correio da Bahia, no ano de 2009, e envolveram os seguintes dados: tipos de violência, localidades de ocorrência dos delitos e caracterizações de vítimas. Os resultados demonstraram o reconhecimento da heterogeneidade dos lugares na/da metrópole de Salvador, mas sem produzir uma análise das contradições vivenciadas em tais espaços. As descrições dos atos violentos, das localidades e das pessoas, muitas vezes, foram copiadas de boletins de ocorrência da polícia. A heterogeneidade dos lugares quando não aprofundada e não inter-relacionada com contextos vividos nas metrópoles cristaliza as representações dos espaços e reduz, por exemplo, a problemática da violência a um mero aspecto da criminalidade. O presente artigo defende que para a análise do lugar é preciso o aprofundamento do espaço vivido articulado aos espaços concebidos e percebidos, algo já considerado importante pelos jornalistas, mas praticado por poucos, no processo de escrita das notícias dos atos violentos no Brasil. Abstract PLACE AND CRIMINALITY: GEOGRAPHICAL READINGS OF NEWSPAPERS FROM SALVADOR CITY The analysis concerning criminality at/of the places, by printed media, have produced a reflection about the representations of space and spaces of representation in Salvador metropolis. The data used in the analysis were extracted from the newspapers A Tarde and Correio da Bahia, in the year of 2009, involving the following data: types of violence, location’s occurrence of crimes and characterizations of theirs victims. The results have demonstrated the recognition of heterogeneous places in Salvador metropolis, but without producing analysis of the contradictions

El impacto psicosocial de la violencia en San Salvador

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Cruz José Miguel

1999-01-01

Full Text Available En este estudio se busca lograr dos objetivos: primero, describir los niveles de victimización de la población salvadoreña a causa de la violencia delictiva y el tipo de población más afectada por ella; segundo, averiguar si estos niveles de victimización están relacionados con la presencia de normas, actitudes y comportamientos que favorecen la aparición de la violencia. Para ello se utilizaron los datos del proyecto ACTIVA de El Salvador, que fue realizado por el Instituto Universitario de Opinión Pública entre los meses de octubre y noviembre de 1996 con una muestra de 1 290 entrevistas personales, presuntamente representativa de las personas entre los 18 y 70 años de edad que residen en el Área Metropolitana de San Salvador. La muestra se obtuvo mediante un muestreo probabilístico y multietápico. Los resultados revelan que el nivel de victimización por la violencia es bastante alto en San Salvador y que afecta sobre todo a los hombres y a los jóvenes, y sugieren que las personas que han sido víctimas de agresiones graves suelen mostrar con más frecuencia que el resto normas de justificación y aprobación del uso de la violencia, inclinación por el uso de armas, y conductas de agresión hacia otras personas.

Ocorrência e atividade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em plantios de eucalipto (eucalyptus sp. no litoral norte da Bahia, Brasil Occurrence and activity arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in eucalypt (eucalyptus sp. plantations in the northern coast of Bahia, Brazil

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Francisco de Sousa Lima

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Nas últimas décadas, tecnologias alternativas vêm sendo estudadas visando tornar o cultivo do eucalipto (Eucalyptus sp. mais econômico e sustentável. Entre estas, as associações micorrízicas merecem destaque devido aos inúmeros benefícios que proporcionam às plantas hospedeiras. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência e atividade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em plantios de eucalipto utilizados comercialmente pela Copener Florestal Ltda. no litoral norte da Bahia. Foi observada grande variabilidade na densidade de esporos (36,2 a 203,2 esporos em 50 g de solo, colonização micorrízica (10,6 a 57,8% e nos teores de glomalina facilmente extraível e total (0,34 a 1,92 mg g de solo-1 e 0,48 a 3,88 mg g de solo-1 nos plantios de eucalipto. Os resultados neste estudo permitiram concluir que, embora os clones apresentem suscetibilidade à micorrização em condições de campo, variações nas características do solo afetam aspectos ecológicos dos fungos micorrízicos arbusculares nos plantios de eucalipto da Copener Florestal Ltda. no litoral norte da Bahia.In recent decades, alternative technologies have been studied in order to make the cultivation of eucalyptus more economical and sustainable. Among these, the mycorrhizal associations deserve mention because of the many benefits they provide to host plants. Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF form mutualistic association with plant roots, promoting greater uptake of nutrients to the host, which in turn yields products of photosynthesis to the fungus. With the establishment of the association, the plants become more resistant to adverse conditions such as nutrient-poor soil, low pH, high temperature, water stress, decreased microbial activity, among other biotic and abiotic stresses. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and activity of mycorrhizal fungi in eucalypt plantations used commercially by Copener Florestal Ltda. northern coast of Bahia. A high variability in

The agricultural sector in Bahia State: economic outlook and energy intensity; O setor agropecuario no estado da Bahia: perspectivas economicas e intensidade energetica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carvalho, Claudio Bezerra de [Faculdade Apoio, Lauro de Freitas, BA (Brazil); Bajay, Sergio Valdir [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (NIPE/UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Nucleo Interdisciplinar de Planejamento Energetico

2006-07-01

The main characteristics of the rural economy in the State of Bahia are presented in this paper, together with the evolution of its main components in the last years and the growth perspectives for the next years. A more detailed analysis is carried out for the rural areas in the state which present higher development potential and for their respective crops . The progression of the state of Bahia' shares in the national rural economy's value added and the energy intensity changes of the main energy carriers employed in this sector are also presented in the paper. (author)

The agricultural sector in Bahia State: economic outlook and energy intensity; O setor agropecuario no estado da Bahia: perspectivas economicas e intensidade energetica

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carvalho, Claudio Bezerra de [Faculdade Apoio, Lauro de Freitas, BA (Brazil); Bajay, Sergio Valdir [Universidade Estadual de Campinas (NIPE/UNICAMP), SP (Brazil). Nucleo Interdisciplinar de Planejamento Energetico

2006-07-01

The main characteristics of the rural economy in the State of Bahia are presented in this paper, together with the evolution of its main components in the last years and the growth perspectives for the next years. A more detailed analysis is carried out for the rural areas in the state which present higher development potential and for their respective crops . The progression of the state of Bahia' shares in the national rural economy's value added and the energy intensity changes of the main energy carriers employed in this sector are also presented in the paper. (author)

A "palavra divina" como logos separador La palabra divina" como logos separador God's word" as a separating logos

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Elaine Pedreira Rabinovich

2010-06-01

Full Text Available Este estudo indaga quanto às implicações do uso da "Palavra de Deus" por meio da leitura da Bíblia na vida cotidiana de evangélicos brasileiros. Vinte entrevistas foram realizadas com famílias evangélicas na cidade de Salvador (Bahia com o objetivo de compreender quais as conseqüências da conversão na sua vida pessoal e familiar, atentando-se para os motivos da adesão à crença pentecostal. A análise das entrevistas seguiu uma abordagem fenomenológica interpretativa. Os resultados evidenciaram que a adesão a uma Igreja Evangélica, como ocorre atualmente no Brasil, re-direciona a vida familiar por meio da inclusão de um terceiro termo: Deus e/ ou a Palavra de Deus - com quem os participantes começam a "conversar" a partir de suas leituras da Bíblia. Desta forma, emergem conceitos na vida cotidiana dessas pessoas que proporcionam um "modo de vida" que permite o planejamento de metas e a emergência de um futuro desejado e planejado.Eso estudio se pregunta sobre las implicaciones del uso de la "Palabra Divina" por medio de lecturas de la Biblia en la vida cotidiana de evangélicos brasileños. Veinte entrevistas fueran realizadas con familias evangélicas de la ciudad de Salvador, Bahía, adonde se preguntó cuando y porque ocurrió la adhesión a las creencias pentecostales y cuales consecuencias esas tuvieran para la vida familiar y personal. Las entrevistas fueran analizadas según el método fenomenológico interpretativo. Los resultados mostraran que la adhesión a una Iglesia Evangélica, como ocurre hoy en el Brasil, fornece una nueva dirección la vida familiar por medio de la inclusión de un tercero término: Dios e/o la palabra de Dios - con quién los partícipes empiezan a "hablar" debido a sus intensas lecturas de la Biblia. De esa manera, algunos 'conceptos" emergen en la vida cotidiana de esas personas proporcionando un "modo de vida" que permite la planificación de metas y la emergencia de un futuro deseado y

Neurological aspects of HTLV-1 infection in Bahia: results from an 8-year cohort

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Davi Tanajura

2015-01-01

Full Text Available HTLV-1 is the causal agent of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP, a disease observed in up to 5% of individuals infected with HTLV-1. However, infected individuals without the disease can present neurological complaints relating to sensory, motor or urinary manifestations. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of neurological manifestations among patients with HTLV-1. Method HTLV-1 patients in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, were enrolled into a cohort study. Results Among 414 subjects, 76 had definite and 87 had possible or probable HAM/TSP at the baseline, whereas 251 subjects had no neurological signs or symptoms. Definite HAM/TSP developed in 5 patients (1.74%. The asymptomatic subjects were selected for analysis. The incidence rate expressed per 1,000 persons-year was calculated. It was 206 for hand numbness, 129 for nocturia and 126 for urinary urgency. In the neurological examination, leg hyperreflexia presented an average incidence rate of 76; leg paraparesis, 52; and Babinski sign, 36. Kaplan-Meyer curves categorized according to gender and proviral load showed that females and patients with proviral load of more than 100,000 copies per 106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs presented higher risk. Conclusion Development of neurological symptoms or signs occurred in up to 30% of asymptomatic subjects during 8 years of follow-up. Female gender and high proviral load were risk factors for neurological disease.

Interventions in the urban space: a challenge for the landscape. The case of Valença [Bahia] Brazil

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Erika Jorge Rodrigues Cunha

2010-06-01

Full Text Available The present article aims to showing the results of a research on the Cultural Landscape of Valença, Bahia, Brasil, developed between the months of april and october of 2010 with contribution of the National Institute of Historical and Artistic Patrimony. The experience of Valença points out the relevance of material and immaterial aspects in the process of producing the cities, and indicates that the disrespect of thos aspects can cause urbanistic solutions that are capable of seriously compromising entire contexts of living and cultural environment created by nature and human work throughout the time. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the enviroment of significant number of families that depend on artisanal fishing and naval carpinter's art. These occupations are the main cultural asset of Valença. At this time, however, it faces a great cultural difficulty and the risk of imminent vanishment.

Interfaces entre práticas de coleta seletiva do lixo e conceitos lefebvrianos: um estudo sobre a Pituba, Salvador – BA

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Denise Maria de Jesus Santos

2009-03-01

Full Text Available Neste artigo busca-se analisar as diferentes formas de apropriação social que decorrem das práticas de separação do lixo doméstico para a coleta seletiva formal que ocorre na cidade de Salvador. Pautando-se em comprovações empíricas e numa argumentação dialética entre os conceitos lefebvrianos (concebido, percebido e vivido, o estudo, realizado com moradores e trabalhadores domésticos da área da Pituba (que acumula experiências de intervenções oficiais que culminaram com a implantação do Programa Recicla Salvador, revelou que os critérios utilizados para definir a área geográfica de atuação deste Programa, principalmente os níveis de escolaridade e renda/consumo elevados, não apresentam uma consistência técnica. Por meio da investigação científica sobre como o processo de separação do lixo ocorre no ambiente doméstico, constatou-se que, de forma geral, as classes de renda alta/média e com maiores níveis de escolaridade estabelecem uma “apropriação limitada” das ações do Programa que, embora reconhecida pelo concebido, não se efetiva como uma vivência, mas como uma percepção. Em contrapartida, aqueles com menores níveis de escolaridade e renda/consumo estabelecem uma apropriação que, embora não reconhecida pelo concebido, revela na prática cotidiana a incorporação da separação do lixo como algo vivido/experimentado e não somente percebido. Abstract INTERFACES BETWEEN PRATICES OF WASTE SEPARATION AND CONCEPTS OF LEFEBVRE: A CASE STUDY OF PITUBA/SALVADOR-BAHIA This essay intends to analyse the different forms of social appropriation that derives from practices of home waste separation that occurs in the city of Salvador. Based on empirical evidences and on a dialectic argumentation between a conceptual triad (conceived, perceived and experienced spaces, the study conducted among residents and domestic workers in the area of Pituba (that accumulates experiences of official interventions that

Dermatozoonosis by Culicoides' bite (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae in Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil: IV - A clinical study

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Italo A. Sherlock

1965-01-01

Full Text Available A observação de 211 pacientes com reação intensa à picada do Culicoides, que procuraram tratamento na Clínica dermatológica do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade da Bahia, durante os anos de 1959 e 1962, permitiu o estudo clínico dessa Dermatozoonose, cujos dados são aqui apresentados. A lesão parece ser de natureza alérgica e devido ao aspecto polimorfo pelo qual se apresenta, essa Dermatose pode lembrar o Prorigo, a Escabiose, as Lesões liquenoide; quando a manifestação é mais intensa torna-se uma verdadeira eczematização; quando há infecção secundária, lembra o impetigo folicular. O estudo histológico da lesão revelou ser ela a de uma inflamação crônica, com vascularites e preivascularites dermo-epidérmica, provàvelmente de natureza alérgica. Para que haja a formação da lesão, são necessários: a substância inoculada pelo inseto e o componente alérgico do indivíduo. Não se conhece a natureza da substância inoculada pelo inseto e as seguintes hipóteses são apresentadas para explicá-la: substâncias enzimáticas ou a histamina existentes nas glândulas salivares do Culicoides. Após a picada do Culicoisdes forma-se no local uma pequena área eritematosa que logo após se transforma em pápula; as pápulas podem desaparecer ou transformarem-se em vesículas; estas ao se romperem dilaceram a superfície cutânea, descamam-na ou pode advir uma infecção secundária e transformam-se em pústulas.

Espécies florestais de restingas como potenciais instrumentos para gestão costeira e tecnologia social em Caravelas, Bahia (Brasil)

OpenAIRE

Dias,Henrique Machado; Soares,Mario Luiz Gomes; Neffa,Elza

2014-01-01

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509815732Em Caravelas, município localizado no sul do estado da Bahia, as principais formações vegetais são as florestas de mangue e as restingas apresentando, estas últimas, alto grau de degradação. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em descrever as principais espécies florestais de restingas e seus usos diretos associados, com vistas à recuperação e ao manejo de áreas degradadas e à geração de trabalho e renda, compondo, dessa forma, importante ferramenta para a ...

Espécies florestais de restingas como potenciais instrumentos para gestão costeira e tecnologia social em Caravelas, Bahia (Brasil)

OpenAIRE

Dias, Henrique Machado; Soares, Mario Luiz Gomes; Neffa, Elza

2014-01-01

Em Caravelas, município localizado no sul do estado da Bahia, as principais formações vegetais são as florestas de mangue e as restingas apresentando, estas últimas, alto grau de degradação. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em descrever as principais espécies florestais de restingas e seus usos diretos associados, com vistas à recuperação e ao manejo de áreas degradadas e à geração de trabalho e renda, compondo, dessa forma, importante ferramenta para a gestão integrada da zona costeira. Para...

Investment prospects for geothermal power in El Salvador's electricity market

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abraham, Jun

2006-01-01

A mixed-integer optimizing programming model was created to simulate capacity expansion for the electricity market in El Salvador. Various demand scenarios were constructed, under which capacity expansion alternatives were tested. Results showed that possible geothermal projects were able to meet the growing energy needs of El Salvador, while yielding relatively low prices for the end-user. A best case projection for 2020 showed an increased proportion of geothermal generation in the energy mix by 6% compared to the present mix. Much of the current generating plants and planned capacity are distanced from the load center, San Salvador. In order to meet the country's increasing demand, it was found that generating capacity investment should be accompanied by transmission upgrades. Even when current conditions were simulated, transmission congestion appeared to be present. Results from some expansion scenarios showed that transmission congestion increased nodal prices despite the addition of further generating capacity

Investment prospects for geothermal power in El Salvador's electricity market

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abraham, Jun

2006-01-01

A mixed-integer optimizing programming model was created to simulate capacity expansion for the electricity market in El Salvador. Various demand scenarios were constructed, under which capacity expansion alternatives were tested. Results showed that possible geothermal projects were able to meet the growing energy needs of El Salvador, while yielding relatively low prices for the end-user. A best case projection for 2020 showed an increased proportion of geothermal generation in the energy mix by 6% compared to the present mix. Much of the current generating plants and planned capacity are distanced from the load center, San Salvador. In order to meet the country's increasing demand, it was found that generating capacity investment should be accompanied by transmission upgrades. Even when current conditions were simulated, transmission congestion appeared to be present. Results from some expansion scenarios showed that transmission congestion increased nodal prices despite the addition of further generating capacity. (Author)

ANÁLISE OPERACIONAL DA COLHEITA FLORESTAL NO SUL DA BAHIA

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CARMO, F. C. A.

2013-01-01

CARMO, Flávio Cipriano de Assis. Análise operacional da colheita florestal no sul da Bahia. 2013. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Florestais) Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Jerônimo Monteiro-ES. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Nilton César Fiedler. Coorientador: Profª. Drª. Elizabeth Neire da Silva Oliveira de Paula. Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa realizar uma análise operacional das atividades de colheita florestal em plantios de eucalipto no sul da Bahia. No estudo foram avaliados os ...

Estudo etnográfico da satisfação do usuário do Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF na Bahia Ethnography study about user satisfaction of Family Health Program in Bahia

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Leny Alves Bomfim Trad

2002-01-01

Full Text Available O presente estudo consiste em uma avaliação qualitativa de satisfação de usuários em áreas cobertas pelo Programa de Saúde da Família/PSF, situadas em cinco municípios da Bahia. Foram consideradas nesta avaliação as seguintes dimensões: cognitiva, relacional, organizacional e profissional; vistas também sob o ponto de vista das equipes de saúde da família. Tendo em vista as críticas apontadas pela literatura quanto às limitações metodológicas em estudos que avaliam a satisfação de usuários, notadamente vieses ligados à desejabilidade social ou à redução do processo subjetivo de avaliação a respostas do tipo sim/não em questionários fechados, privilegiamos neste caso estratégias metodológicas de cunho etnográfico. A partir da técnica de grupos focais, os usuários expressaram sua percepção sobre o programa e os serviços oferecidos pelas equipes, ao tempo que revelavam suas necessidades e expectativas de satisfação das mesmas.The present study consists of a qualitative evaluation of user satisfaction in the areas covered by the Family Health Program, which are located within five municipalities of Salvador (Bahia, Brazil. During the evaluation, the following dimensions were taken into account: cognitive, relational, organizational and professional; the family health teams' point of view was also considered. Owing to criticism directed in the literature towards the methodological limitations of studies undertaking to evaluate user satisfaction, in particular biases linked to social expectations or to the reduction of the subjective process of evaluation through yes/no-type answers to sets of closed questions, we favored in this case methodological strategies that bear the hallmark of ethnography. Through the focal groups technique, the users have been able to express their perception of the program and of the services offered by the teams while they were disclosing their needs and the satisfactions they

Active strike-slip faulting in El Salvador, Central America

Science.gov (United States)

Corti, Giacomo; Carminati, Eugenio; Mazzarini, Francesco; Oziel Garcia, Marvyn

2005-12-01

Several major earthquakes have affected El Salvador, Central America, during the Past 100 yr as a consequence of oblique subduction of the Cocos plate under the Caribbean plate, which is partitioned between trench-orthogonal compression and strike-slip deformation parallel to the volcanic arc. Focal mechanisms and the distribution of the most destructive earthquakes, together with geomorphologic evidence, suggest that this transcurrent component of motion may be accommodated by a major strike-slip fault (El Salvador fault zone). We present field geological, structural, and geomorphological data collected in central El Salvador that allow the constraint of the kinematics and the Quaternary activity of this major seismogenic strike-slip fault system. Data suggest that the El Salvador fault zone consists of at least two main ˜E-W fault segments (San Vicente and Berlin segments), with associated secondary synthetic (WNW-ESE) and antithetic (NNW-SSE) Riedel shears and NW-SE tensional structures. The two main fault segments overlap in a dextral en echelon style with the formation of an intervening pull-apart basin. Our original geological and geomorphologic data suggest a late Pleistocene Holocene slip rate of ˜11 mm/yr along the Berlin segment, in contrast with low historical seismicity. The kinematics and rates of deformation suggested by our new data are consistent with models involving slip partitioning during oblique subduction, and support the notion that a trench-parallel component of motion between the Caribbean and Cocos plates is concentrated along E-W dextral strike-slip faults parallel to the volcanic arc.

Composition and natural history notes of the coastal snake assemblage from Northern Bahia, Brazil

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Marques, Ricardo; Mebert, Konrad; Fonseca, Érica; Rödder, Dennis; Solé, Mirco; Tinôco, Moacir Santos

2016-01-01

Abstract Information about the snake diversity and their natural history from the Atlantic forest domain in Brazil refer mostly to inland forests than to coastal region. Within the state of Bahia, this knowledge is concentrated to the southeastern coastal stretch. Herein we report on the diversity of snakes from the restinga, ombrophilous forest and anthropogenic environment from the northern Atlantic coast of Bahia. We sampled nine sites for three years and visited four museum collections. Furthermore, we provide anecdotal natural history information, voucher analyses, literature complements, and a key to fascilitate species identification. We report a total of 774 snakes belonging to 50 species and 23 new distribution records for northeastern coast of Bahia, supplemented by new data on feeding and reproduction. The number of detected species is similar to numbers obtained in comparable studies from other Brazilian ecoregions. This study reports and focuses for the first time on all known species of snakes from the northeastern coast of Bahia. PMID:27594800

Composition and natural history notes of the coastal snake assemblage from Northern Bahia, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Marques, Ricardo; Mebert, Konrad; Fonseca, Érica; Rödder, Dennis; Solé, Mirco; Tinôco, Moacir Santos

2016-01-01

Information about the snake diversity and their natural history from the Atlantic forest domain in Brazil refer mostly to inland forests than to coastal region. Within the state of Bahia, this knowledge is concentrated to the southeastern coastal stretch. Herein we report on the diversity of snakes from the restinga, ombrophilous forest and anthropogenic environment from the northern Atlantic coast of Bahia. We sampled nine sites for three years and visited four museum collections. Furthermore, we provide anecdotal natural history information, voucher analyses, literature complements, and a key to fascilitate species identification. We report a total of 774 snakes belonging to 50 species and 23 new distribution records for northeastern coast of Bahia, supplemented by new data on feeding and reproduction. The number of detected species is similar to numbers obtained in comparable studies from other Brazilian ecoregions. This study reports and focuses for the first time on all known species of snakes from the northeastern coast of Bahia.

A EFICÁCIA DA APLICAÇÃO DA LEI DE CRIMES AMBIENTAIS PARA A PROTEÇÃO DO MEIO AMBIENTE NO LITORAL SUL DA BAHIA

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Reinaldo Martins Lemos

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho buscou avaliar a efetividade da aplicação da Lei de Crimes Ambientais e o andamento dos processos administrativos e judiciais no Litoral Sul da Bahia, como forma de proteção ambiental. Esta região é de grande importância ecológica, onde possui várias Unidades de Conservação, por isso, é uma parte importante no Corredor Central da Mata Atlântica – CCMA – Brasil. Foram analisados 136 autos de infrações ambientais emitidos pelo IBAMA em Ilhéus/BA, no ano de 2010, para avaliar a eficácia da aplicação da Lei de Crimes Ambientais e seu andamento, situação e duração nos processos administrativo, civil e penal. O presente estudo mostrou que há a necessidade de criar iniciativas para aperfeiçoar e responsabilizar os infratores para coibir ou diminuir os crimes ambientais no Litoral Sul da Bahia, com a localização e identificação dos crimes e seus responsáveis, bem como, uma maior agilidade nos processos administrativos, civis e penais, para punir os infratores e aumentar a eficácia, eficiência e efetividades dos órgãos ambientais e das Leis de Crimes Ambientais.  

Ecology and conservation of the endemic lizard Tropidurus hygomi in “restinga” habitats of the north coast of Bahia state, Brazil doi: 10.5007/2175-7925.2010v23n4p71

OpenAIRE

Karina Vieira Martins; Eduardo José dos Reis Dias; Carlos Frederico Duarte da Rocha

2010-01-01

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2010v23n4p71As restingas são habitats herbáceos/arbustivos de dunas de areia cobrindo grande parte do litoral do Estado da Bahia. O nível de fragmentação do ecossistema de restinga, especialmente na região nordeste do Brasil, é preocupante ao se considerar que a destruição e a fragmentação dos habitats naturais são os principais fatores responsáveis pela redução da diversidade por eventos de extinção. O presente estudo, realizado nas restingas de Costa Azul...

Fatores associados a sintomas de transtornos alimentares entre escolares da rede pública da cidade do Salvador, Bahia

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Thaisy Cristina Honorato Santos Alves

2012-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar prevalência e fatores associados aos sintomas de transtornos alimentares entre escolares. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal envolvendo 365 escolares, de 7 a 14 anos de idade, do ensino fundamental de Salvador/BA. Aplicou-se nos escolares 13 anos de idade, o Teste de Atitudes Alimentares-26, o Teste de Investigação Bulímica de Edinburgh e o Teste de Imagem Corporal. O Child Behavior Checklist foi aplicado para todos os escolares. Coletaram-se dados antropométricos e alimentares, sobre estilo de vida, demográficos, socioeconômicos e puberais. Na análise estatística utilizou-se regressão de Poisson. RESULTADOS: Sintomas de transtornos alimentares estavam presentes em 23% dos escolares. Idade (RP: 1,25; IC95%: 1,11-1,40, insatisfação com imagem corporal (RP: 4,23; IC95%: 2,53-7,08, problema de comportamento de internalização (RP: 1,78; IC95%: 1,11-2,85, substituição das refeições por consumo de balas (RP: 2,14; IC95%: 1,24-3,69, maior consumo de frutas e outros vegetais (RP: 2,49; IC95%: 1,55-3,99 e escolaridade materna de 5ª a 8ª série (RP: 1,95; IC95%: 1,06-3,58 associaram-se ao aumento da ocorrência dos sintomas de transtornos alimentares. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se alta prevalência de sintomas de transtornos alimentares entre os escolares; fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais estavam associados ao evento.

Polygonaceae da cadeia do espinhaço, Brasil

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Melo Efigênia de

2000-01-01

Full Text Available O estudo da família Polygonaceae é parte do projeto "Estudos de flora e fauna na Cadeia do Espinhaço, Bahia, Brasil". Neste trabalho a área de estudo foi ampliada, abrangendo também as espécies da Cadeia do Espinhaço do Estado de Minas Gerais. A família está representada na área por cinco gêneros, com os respectivos números de espécies: Coccoloba (14: C. acrostichoides, C. alagoensis, C. alnifolia, C. brasiliensis, C. cereifera, C. fastigiata, C. lucidula, C. ochreolata, C. pipericarpa, C. salicifolia, C. scandens, C. schwackeana, C. striata e C. warmingii, Polygonum (6: P. acuminatum, P. ferrugineum, P. hispidum, P. hydropiperoides, P. meisnerianum e P. punctatum, Rumex (1: R. crispus, Ruprechtia (1: R. apetala e Triplaris (1: T. gardneriana. São apresentadas chaves para os gêneros e espécies, bem como descrições, ilustrações, comentários sobre a distribuição geográfica, fenologia e variabilidade para todos os táxons.

Campo rupestre recém-queimado na Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil: plantas de rebrota e sementes, com espécies endêmicas na rocha Recently burnt 'campo rupestre' in the Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil: resprouters and seeders, with endemic rock species

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Sâmia Paula Santos Neves

2010-09-01

Full Text Available O fogo é um distúrbio recorrente em muitas áreas da Chapada Diamantina, geralmente originado por ação antrópica e que ocasiona rápidas mudanças nas comunidades. Este trabalho objetiva conhecer a composição e estrutura da vegetação de uma área de campo rupestre recém-queimada no Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil, situada entre 700 e 800 m acima do nível do mar, visando discussão das estratégias de regeneração das espécies mais conspícuas e das similaridades florísticas entre áreas com e sem distúrbio recente de fogo. Foi realizado um censo das espécies de plantas vasculares ocorrentes em 16 parcelas de 10x10 m, sendo as coberturas estimadas em cinco subparcelas de 2x2 m de cada parcela. Foram encontradas 85 espécies de 34 famílias, sendo 11 de monocotiledôneas, 22 de eudicotiledôneas e uma de monilófita. A espécie mais abundante foi Panicum trinii Kunth (Poaceae e a mais frequente Periandra mediterranea (Vell. Taub. (Fabaceae. O índice de Shannon foi 3,4. A área estudada agrupou-se com a área de afloramento rochoso em altitude menos elevada (38% de similaridade. É possível que o fogo seja mais frequente nessas áreas menos isoladas, em relação às dos topos de morros. As espécies dominantes se restabeleceram principalmente a partir de gemas de sistemas subterrâneos e aéreos. Uma das espécies mais frequentes, Dactylaena microphylla Eichler, estabeceu-se de sementes. Espécies endêmicas sensíveis à ação do fogo sobrevivem em ilhas de vegetação nos afloramentos rochosos.Fire is a recurrent disturbance in many areas of Chapada Diamantina, generally set by human activity that drives rapid changes in communities. This study aims to investigate the composition and structure of 'campo rupestre' vegetation in a recently burned area, between 700 and 800 m above sea level, at Chapada Diamantina National Park, Bahia, Brazil, and to discuss the strategies of regeneration for the most

DISTRIBUTION OF FATAL ACCIDENT TRANSPORT BETWEEN STATE WORKERS OF BAHIA AND BRAZIL

OpenAIRE

Jéssica de Jesus dos Santos; Kionna Oliveira Bernardes Santos

2016-01-01

Studies on the situation of mortality from traffic accidents among workers are still insufficient. This study aimed to describe the mortality rates for traffic accidents / path between state workers of Bahia and Brazil. This is a quantitative, descriptive study of fatal work accidents related to traffic accidents / path with the Mortality Information System data in the period from 2009 to 2011. The results show 317 reported deaths from traffic accidents in Bahia and...

A política dos homens de cor no tempo da Independência

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Ubiratan Castro de Araújo

2004-04-01

Full Text Available O AUTOR analisa o movimento político pelo qual homens negros e pobres manifestaram o seu descontentamento contra a monarquia portuguesa e contra a sociedade escravista na Bahia, em 1798. O regionalismo baiano inspirou a exaltação deste movimento, batizado então de Inconfidência Baiana, mais radical nos propósitos de independência do Brasil e mais republicano do que a Inconfidência Mineira porque portador dos anseios das classes subordinadas do Brasil colonial.THE AUTHOR analyzes the political movement through which poor, black men manifested their discontent with the Portuguese monarchy and the proslavery society of Bahia in 1798. The regionalism of Bahia contributed to the exalted status of this movement, known then as Inconfidência Baiana [Insurrection of Bahia], which was more radical in advocating the independence of Brazil and more republican than the Inconfidência Mineira [Insurrection of Minas] because it embodied the yearnings of colonial Brazil's subordinate classes.

Sobre o isolamento de Salmonellas de gânglios linfáticos de suínos abatidos no matadouro da cidade de Salavador - Bahia

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Gobert Araujo Costa

1972-01-01

Full Text Available Numa pesquisa efetuada em gânglios linfáticos de 3.674 suínos, aparentemente normais, e abatidos no Matadouro Municipal de Salvador e no Frigorífico Frimisa, isolaram-se 503 amostras de Salmonellas, sendo 461 ou 91,65% provenientes de gânglios crurais e pré-crurais e 42 culturas restantes, ou sejam 8,35% obtidas de outros gânglios. o estudo das 503 amostras, representando 13,69% de isolamentos no total dos suínos examinados, mostrou a existência de 52 sorotipos diferentes com dominância do grupo sorológico somático E1 em 48,70% das salmonellas seguindo-se o grupo B com 27,43%, C1 com 6,16%, L com 4,97%, C2 com 4,77% e D1 com 3,38%. Em menor percentagem registraram-se os grupos G1, N1, J, E2, e3 e E4.The crural and pré-crural lymph nodes of 3.674 slaughtered pigs at the abattoir of Salvador - Bahia were examined for the presence of Salmonella. Fity hundred and three (503 strains belonging to fity two (52 serotypes were isolated from the pigs in a percentage of 13,69%. The serotypes E1 were most frequently in 48,70%, group E in 27,43% group C1 in 6,16%, group L in 4,97%, C2 in 4,77% and group D1 in 3,37%. Others serotypes were found: G1, N, J, E2, E3 and E. The significance of the pig inhuman salmonellosis is discussed particularly the presence of Salmonella in pré-crural and crural lymph nodes in the carcases of the animal passed fit for human consumption.

Faltas ao trabalho por problemas de saúde na indústria Work days lost due to health problems in industry

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Sylvia Regina Trindade Yano

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Neste estudo transversal, estima-se a prevalência de episódios de faltas ao trabalho por motivo de saúde (FTS, e fatores associados, focalizando o trabalho na indústria. A população do estudo foi uma amostra aleatória por conglomerado de 3.403 trabalhadores de 16 a 65 anos residentes em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Dados foram obtidos em entrevistas domiciliares. Entre os trabalhadores da indústria, a prevalência em um ano de FTS em geral, foi 12,5%, 5,5% para FTS relacionados ao trabalho, e 4,1% para FTS agravados pelo trabalho. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes em relação aos demais trabalhadores. Fatores associados à FTS foram percepção de perigo no trabalho, história de acidente de trabalho, e saúde autopercebida como ruim. Os resultados indicam que a ocorrência de faltas ao trabalho é comum, tanto na indústria como nos demais ramos de atividade, podem afetar a produtividade, o que requer programas de prevenção de agentes de risco em locais de trabalho.This cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence of work days lost due to health problems and associated factors among industrial workers. The study population was a simple random cluster sample of 3,403 workers from 16 to 65 years of age in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. Data were collected with individual home interviews. Among industrial workers, one-year prevalence of work days lost to health problems was 12.5%, of which 5.5% were directly work-related and 4.1% aggravated by work. There were no statistically significant differences when compared to other worker categories. Self-perceived workplace hazards, history of work-related injury, and poor self-rated health were associated with work days lost due to work-related injuries/diseases. The findings showed that work days lost are common among both industrial and non-industrial workers, thereby affecting productivity and requiring prevention programs.

Agricultural Elites; Economic Structure; and the Transition Towards Democracy in El Salvador

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Ana Sofía Cardenal

1996-12-01

Full Text Available This article addresses the process of democratization in El Salvador. More particularly, it attempts to explain a political outcome: the Peace Accords that were achieved in this country in January of 1992. Despite the attention recent theories about democracy have placed on political variables and strategic behavior, this study focusses mainly on structural factors emphasizing the role that such variables played in explaining democratic change in El Salvador. The argument lay down here rests on Barrington Moore’s thesis regarding the role of agrarian elites in democratic transitions. Based on his seminal comparative study, he established that no democratic result could possibly emerge without an erosion of the agrarian elite’s power base. As this article discloses, the Moore Condition was fullfiled for El Salvador in the 80s, rendering possible the peace accords. One of the most important consequences of the war -and the political and social processes that accompanied it- concerned the changes that took place in the economy. Those transformations moved El Salvador away from an agro-export economy to place it into a commercial and moreindustrialized one, leading in turn to a weakening of the traditional agrarian elite.

Riqueza de galhas de insetos em áreas de Caatinga com diferentes graus de antropização do estado da Bahia, Brasil

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Gilda P. Brito

2018-03-01

Full Text Available RESUMO O conhecimento sobre galhas de insetos da Caatinga ainda é fragmentado, com grande parte do esforço científico concentrado em alguns poucos pontos nos estados de Pernambuco e Bahia. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a ocorrência de galhas entomógenas e realizar sua caracterização morfológica em áreas de Caatinga de Ibiassucê, Estado da Bahia, com diferentes intensidades de ação antrópica. Foram selecionadas três áreas com base nos seus diferentes graus de antropização. Em cada área amostrada foram estabelecidas quatro parcelas aleatórias de 10 m2 cada, com 10 m de distância entre si, perfazendo um total de 12 parcelas nos ambientes. Foram registrados 20 morfotipos de galhas distribuídos em nove espécies vegetais pertencentes a oito famílias. A maior riqueza de galhas foi encontrada nas áreas intermediárias (n=8, seguida das áreas antropizadas (n=7 e preservadas (n=5. Galhas globoides, marrons, com apenas uma câmara, glabras e disseminadas separadamente foram as mais frequentes. Lepidoptera, Coleoptera e Diptera (Cecidomyiidae foram as ordens galhadoras. Os resultados aqui apresentados demonstram a importância desse tipo estudo e evidenciam a necessidade da realização de inventários de galhas em áreas pouco ou não amostradas da Caatinga.

Obituary -- Salvador González Bedolla

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Peña, H. José

1997-04-01

It is with great sadness that I must communicate the passing of our colleague Salvador Félix González Bedolla. The observational astronomers of the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional owe much to his pioneering effort at San Pedro Mártir, work that formed him as an astronomer, and helped him become one of the best photometric observers in México and, at the Instituto de Astronomóa of the UNAM, the academic technician with the highest productivity of articles derived from observations at the OAN. Salvador was an excellent student. He obtained the highest achievement award (Gabino Barreda) in high school, studied physics at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) and also finished the credits for his Master's degree in Physics with only his thesis separating him from his degree, an act which was constantly put off until his death. He began his career in Astronomy in 1973 under Dr. Eugenio Mendoza. Later he worked with Josef Warman in the observation of short period stars in the Observatorio `José Arbol y Bonilla'' in Zacatecas, México. I then began working continuously with him in this field of research which, thanks to his great work capacity, produced very good results. He continued in these fields of research not only within the Institute of Astronomy, but also in other research facilities, especially two: With the variable group from the Observatory at Nice, France, beginning in 1985, specializing in the pulsation of early stars. His main interest was in the β Cep stars and in the possibility of relating these stars to the new types of variables (such as the OB stars, the `53 Per' variables, the `ultrashort' period and the ``slow'' and Be variables) discovered near this zone. Hence, in view of this, his efforts were aimed at monitoring the stars that belong to these new groups in order to discover if they are really different from the classical β Cep stars. Moreover, beginning in 1984, Salvador began working with a group of astronomers from

Profissionalização da Gestão Organizacional no Terceiro Setor: Um Estudo de Caso na Fundação Instituto Feminino da Bahia

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Lorena de Andrade Pinho

2010-12-01

Full Text Available O crescimento das desigualdades sociais vem resultando em uma propagação significativa no número de entidades sem fins lucrativos em todo o mundo. Estas instituições, que fazem parte do Terceiro Setor, atuam na área social baseando-se em valores como solidariedade e promoção da assistência social sem, contudo, deixarem de apresentar dificuldades relacionadas com a gestão organizacional, visto que possuem características distintas da esfera pública e privada. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a existência e a necessidade da profissionalização da Gestão Organizacional nas entidades do Terceiro Setor, em especial na Fundação Instituto Feminino da Bahia (FIFB, situada no Município de Salvador, no Estado da Bahia. Com efeito, para o desenvolvimento do presente estudo de caso, realizou-se uma entrevista semiestruturada com a gestora e os vinte funcionários da referida organização, além de conversas informais com alguns colaboradores. O tratamento dos dados foi feito de forma qualitativa, confrontando o referencial teórico com os dados coletados. Desta forma, verificou-se que a necessidade de profissionalização da gestão organizacional no Terceiro Setor é relevante, uma vez que a formulação de melhores estratégias visando à otimização dos recursos na obtenção de melhores resultados, sustentabilidade e continuidade, respeitando os valores e objetivos sociais, estão diretamente ligadas ao modelo de como estas entidades são geridas e a profissionalização se apresenta como uma alternativa para atender tais demandas.

A utilização de jogos e simulações de empresas nos cursos de graduação em administração no estado da Bahia The use of business game and simulation in undergraduate business programs in Bahia state

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Gustavo da Silva Motta

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo apresenta um panorama sobre a utilização dos jogos de empresas na graduação em Administração pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES do estado da Bahia. Observa-se um crescente interesse de professores, no País e no Estado, na aplicação de jogos para a formação profissional do administrador. O aumento do interesse por essa técnica pode ser decorrente, entre outras origens, dos muitos benefícios que a literatura demonstra para seus usuários. Nesse artigo é desenvolvida uma revisão teórica dessa literatura buscando os seus conceitos centrais, a origem dos jogos e sua utilização no Brasil e no mundo. Em um segundo momento, apresenta-se dados de um levantamento realizado com 47 coordenadores de cursos de Administração de IES baianas sobre suas experiências institucionais com o uso da técnica. Optou-se por uma abordagem quantitativa com a utilização de estatísticas descritivas (frequência, média e desvio-padrão, constatando que 44,7% das IES da Bahia aplicam o jogo para a formação de administradores. Igualmente, pode-se verificar que esta utilização deve crescer nos próximos cinco anos para 63,8%, por causa dos elevados índices de satisfação com a aplicação e o mais alto grau de concordância com os aspectos favorecedores do que com os dificultadores à adoção do jogo. Finalmente, dois pontos se destacam como críticos a uma aplicação mais ampla dos jogos de empresas nos cursos de Administração no Estado da Bahia: o custo de aquisição e a oferta de simuladores eletrônicos.This paper presents an overview about the use of business simulation and games in undergraduate business programs in Bahia State, Brazil. The increasing interest about this technique can be originated, among others facts, on the many benefits that the specialized literature shows for its users. In this article a theoretical review on this literature is developed searching its central concepts, its origins and its use

Cultivo do mangostão no Brasil Growing mangosteen in Brazil

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Célio Kersul do Sacramento

2007-04-01

Full Text Available O mangostão (Garcinia mangostana L., família Clusiaceae, é considerada a fruta mais saborosa do tropico asiático. Foi introduzido no Brasil em 1935 e atualmente é cultivado principalmente nos estados do Para e Bahia, numa área estimada de 350 ha com uma produção de 300 t. O período de frutificação do mangostanzeiro varia de acordo com as condições climáticas e, no estado do Pará, o principal período de colheita estende-se de janeiro a maio e uma colheita menor ocorre em agosto e setembro. Na Bahia a safra principal é geralmente em março e abril e outra colheita acontece em agosto. Poucas pragas têm sido encontradas em pomares de mangostão e os problemas mais comuns são causados por ácaros, tripes (Thrips sp. e abelha arapuá (Trigona spinipes as quais causam danos na casca do fruto dificultando a colheita. A murcha do mangostanzeiro, doença ainda não encontrada em pomares de mangostão de outros paises, tem sido observada somente em plantas adultas na região sul do estado da Bahia, mas o agente causal ainda não foi identificado. Estouro de vasos, um distúrbio fisiológico no pericarpo do fruto e polpa translúcida são comuns nos frutos em pomares brasileiros. Os frutos são colhidos manualmente, limpos, classificados e colocados em caixas de papelão com dimensões de 21x 21,5 x 6,5 cm as quais contem de 9 a 20 frutos e são vendidos principalmente em grandes centros urbanos. O mangostão apresenta média de 32,5% de polpa, 18,17% ºBrix e 1% de acidez. A casca apresenta um grupo de substancias conhecidas como xantonas as quais são utilizadas para produtos farmacêuticos.Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L., family Clusiaceae, is considered the most delicious fruit from the Asiatic tropic. It wass introduced in the Brazil in 1935 and currently is cultivated mainly in the states of Para and Bahia in an area estimated on 350 ha with production of 300 tons. The fructification period of the mangosteen tree varies according

A transamazonic age for magmatism, metamorphism and deformation on the northern limit of Jequie nucleous (Itaberaba, Bahia, Brazil)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fernandes, P.C.D.; Mcreath, I.; Lafon, J.M.

1990-01-01

A Rb/Sr isochron of 2154 ± 20 M.y., with Ro = 0,705 ± (MSWD=2,85) has been obtained for the Itaberaba and Pedra d'Agua granites, located on the northern limit between the Archean Jequie cratonic nucleous and the Early Proterozoic Salvador - Curaca mobile belt. The age so obtained dates peraluminous magmatism and Molybdenum mineralization, anatexis and granulite facies metamorphism, besides a N-S deformation phase (Fn+1). The Itaberaba and Pedra d'Agua massifs are the most important bodies in a context of extensive granite emplacement. A number of small granitic bodies can be found over the area. One of these dykes is emplaced in migmatitic kinzigites and has been dated along with the massifs above. It has shown itself to be the same age as those ones. Mingling between the dyke magma and anatectic leucosomes from the kinzigites has allowed dating anatexis in the migmatites. Crustal recycling processes have been involved in the generation of these granites, as suggested by petrographical/chemical features and high isotopic initial ratio. The age of the geological phenomena here described characterizes the area as a transitional interface between two tectonic blocks, helps typifying Early Proterozoic magmatism and metallogenesis in Central Bahia State and opens the discussion on the validity of 2,450 M. y. ages obtained previously. (author)

Parasites of economically important bivalves from the southern coast of Bahia State, Brazil Parasitos de bivalves de interesse econômico no Litoral Sul do Estado da Bahia, Brasil

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Gabriela Calvi Zeidan

2012-12-01

Full Text Available This study investigated the parasites of three commercially important bivalve species (Crassostrea rhizophorae, Mytella guyanensis and Lucina pectinata from the southern coast of Bahia, Brazil. A total of 540 specimens were collected in August 2009 and February 2010, at three localities. The bivalve specimens were measured on their longest axis, opened, and macroscopically examined for the presence of parasites or signs of disease. They were then fixed in Davidson' solution and subjected to routine histological processing, with paraffin embedding and H&E staining; next, the specimens were examined under a light microscope. No parasites were observed associated with L. pectinata. Rickettsia-like organisms (RLOs, Sphenophrya sp. (Ciliophora, Nematopsis sp. (Apicomplexa, Urastoma sp. (Turbellaria and Bucephalus sp. (Digenea were observed in both C. rhizophorae and M. guyanensis, as well as Ancistrocoma sp. (Ciliophora and Tylocephalum sp. (Cestoda in the former. A high prevalence of Nematopsis sp. was seen, but caused no apparent damage to the host. Bucephalus sp. caused the destruction of tissues, with castration, but showed low prevalence. The other parasites occurred in low prevalence and intensity, without causing significant damage.Neste estudo foram investigados os parasitos de três espécies de bivalves de interesse econômico (Crassostrea rhizophorae, Mytella guyanensis e Lucina pectinata da Bahia. Foram analisados 540 exemplares, obtidos em duas coletas (agosto-2009 e fevereiro-2010, em três localidades. Os bivalves foram medidos quanto ao seu maior eixo, abertos e examinados macroscopicamente quanto à presença de parasitos ou sinais de enfermidades. Depois disso, foram fixados em solução de Davidson e processados por rotina de histologia, com inclusão em parafina e coloração com H&E. O material foi examinado ao microscópio de luz. Nenhum parasito esteve associado a L. pectinata. Bactérias do tipo RLOs (organismos assemelhados a

Inventário da fauna de Euglossinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae do baixo sul da Bahia, Brasil Inventory of the Euglossinae (Hymenoptera, Apidae fauna of southern Bahia, Brazil

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Edinaldo Luz das Neves

1997-12-01

Full Text Available This paper reports the results concerning collection of Euglossinae bees in a mangrove ecosystem in Valença(13º22'08"S and 39º04'20"W, Bahia. These samples were made twice a month, for a year. The chemical baits Citronella, Eucalyptol, Eugenol, Metyl Salicylate and Vanillin attracted 1,144 specimens distributed among twelve species and two genera: Eulaema (Lepeletier, 1841 and Euglossa (Latreille, 1802. The predominam bee species was Eulaema nigrita (Lepeletier, 1841 consisting of 49.4% of the collected specimens, followed by Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758 with 44.88%, Euglossa imperialis (Cockerell, 1922 with 2.4% and Eulaema meriana flavescens (Friese, 1899 with 1.6%. Theothers species, considering sporadic visitors, Euglossa securigera (Dressler, 1982, Euglossa chalybeata (Friese, 1925, Euglossa liopoda (Dressler, 1982, Euglossa gaianii (Dressler, 1982, Euglossa townsendi (Cockerell, 1904, Euglossa truncata (Rebelo & Moure, 1995, Euglossa melanotricha (Moure, 1967 and Euglossa sapphirina (Moure, 1968 represented together only 1.8% of the total sample. The Euglossinae were more active from October to May. Eucalyptol was the most attractive bait, attracting 1,120 specimens. Methyl Salicylate attracted 17 specimens, followed by Eugenol, which attracted 04 specimens and Vanillin, which attracted 03 specimens. Citronella was not an attractive chemical.

Acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde em um município do Estado da Bahia, Brasil, em gestão plena do sistema Health services accessibility in a city of Northeast Brazil

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Alcione Brasileiro Oliveira Cunha

2010-04-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de analisar a implantação de ações voltadas para a acessibilidade à atenção básica em um município da Bahia, Brasil, foi realizado estudo de caso único a partir de dois níveis de análise: organização do sistema e dos serviços. Os dados foram obtidos por intermédio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, da observação das rotinas de atendimento e da análise documental. Das quatro unidades analisadas, três apresentaram nível intermediário de implantação de ações voltadas para a acessibilidade. As unidades de saúde da família tiveram melhor desempenho devido à presença de ações voltadas para o acolhimento e a referência a serviços especializados, porém apresentaram problemas para a marcação de consultas. Apesar do estabelecimento da atenção básica como porta de entrada ao sistema e da implantação da central de marcação de consultas especializadas, persistem barreiras organizacionais no município estudado. Recomenda-se a formulação de política específica para melhoria da acessibilidade voltada para a organização da oferta na perspectiva de mudança do modelo assistencial.In order to analyze the implementation of measures targeting accessibility to primary health care in a municipality (county in the State of Bahia, Brazil, a single case study was performed with two levels of analysis: system and services organization. The data were obtained from semi-structured interviews, observation of routine care, and document analysis. Of the four health units analyzed, three showed intermediate-level implementation of measures targeting accessibility. The Family Health Units showed better performance, due to measures for patient reception and referral to specialized services, but they revealed problems with scheduling of appointments. Despite having defined primary care as the portal of entry into the system and the implementation of a help desk for setting appointments with specialists, there are

Effect of Pasteurization on Flavonoids and Carotenoids in Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. 'Cara Cara' and 'Bahia' Juices.

Science.gov (United States)

Brasili, Elisa; Chaves, Daniela F Seixas; Xavier, Ana Augusta O; Mercadante, Adriana Z; Hassimotto, Neuza M A; Lajolo, Franco M

2017-02-22

Orange juice is considered an excellent dietary source of several bioactive compounds with beneficial properties for human health. Citrus sinensis Osbeck cv. 'Cara Cara' is a bud mutation originated from 'Washington' navel orange, also known as 'Bahia' navel orange. The ascorbic acid, flavonoid, and carotenoid contents in pasteurized and nonpasteurized Bahia and Cara Cara juices using two LC-MS/MS platforms were investigated. Higher ascorbic acid content was observed in Bahia compared to Cara Cara in both pasteurized and nonpasteurized juices. Total flavanones content as well as hesperidin levels were higher in Cara Cara with respect to Bahia pasteurized juice. Cara Cara was also characterized by a significantly higher and diversified carotenoid content compared to Bahia juice with a mixture of (Z)-isomers of lycopene, all-E-β-carotene, phytoene, and phytofluene isomers accounting for the highest carotenoid proportion. The exceptionally high carotenoid content of Cara Cara may be particularly interesting for nutritional or functional studies of uncommon carotenes in a citrus food matrix.

Arquivos secretos eclesiásticos em Salvador Archivos secretos eclesiásticos en Salvador de Bahía

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Ana Aparecida Gonzaga da Silva

2010-03-01

Full Text Available O estudo investiga os critérios empregados por arquivos de ordens religiosas e pelo Arquivo da Cúria de Salvador para identificar o teor secreto de seus documentos. Consideram-se as relações históricas entre a Igreja Católica e o poder civil para compreender o porquê de muitos documentos depositados nos arquivos eclesiásticos brasileiros serem identificados como de interesse público e social pela lei nacional. O trabalho também destaca as disposições normativas existentes nas legislações civil e canônica relacionadas aos arquivos secretos. Apresenta ainda uma breve discussão sobre a questão do acesso e sigilo da informação, bem como sobre o direito à informação. Quanto aos procedimentos de pesquisa, utilizou-se o sítio eletrônico da Arquidiocese de Salvador na seleção das ordens masculinas e femininas estudadas; em seguida, foi aplicada entrevista com questões semi-estruturadas com a finalidade de coletar dados para os resultados empíricos desta pesquisa. Conclui-se que não existem critérios explícitos para a classificação dos documentos considerados secretos nos arquivos eclesiásticos católicos de Salvador, o que leva à utilização de critérios aleatórios e que seus responsáveis não demonstraram possuir domínio do significado de documentos secretos, já que entram em contradição em suas afirmações.

Clinical and epidemiological study of 27 poisonings caused by ingesting puffer fish (Tetrodontidae in the states of Santa Catarina and Bahia, Brazil Estudo clinico-epidemiológico de 27 envenenamentos causados pela ingestão de baiacus (Tetrodontidae nos estados de Santa Catarina e Bahia, Brasil

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Claudia Carvalho Pestana Silva

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Puffer fish can be poisonous due to the presence of the potent neurotoxins such as Tetrodotoxin (TTX and Saxitoxin (STX found in its tissues. The authors report 27 human poisonings from ingestion of puffer fish in patients treated at Toxicology Centers in the states of Santa Catarina and Bahia, Brazil, between 1984 and January 2009. Poisonings were classified as moderate (52% and severe (33%, two deaths were observed. Early diagnosis is very important to ensure respiratory support.Os baiacus ou peixes-bola podem ser venenosos devido à presença em seus tecidos corporais de Tetrodotoxina e/ou Saxitoxina, ambas potentes neurotoxinas. Os autores relatam 27 envenenamentos por ingestão da carne de baiacus. Os pacientes foram atendidos nos Centros de Toxicologia de Santa Catarina e da Bahia de 1984 a 2009. Os acidentes foram classificados em moderados (52% e graves (33%, havendo dois óbitos. O diagnóstico precoce é fundamental no sentido de garantir suporte ventilatório aos pacientes.

Aborto provocado: o discurso das mulheres sobre suas relações familiares

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Zannety Conceição Silva do Nascimento Souza

2011-01-01

Full Text Available El aborto inducido y la violencia doméstica contra las mujeres se consideran problemas de salud pública por las consecuencias a la salud física y mental que afectan a las mismas. El objetivo fue analizar el discurso de las mujeres que han experimentado el aborto en sus relaciones familiares. Los sujetos del estudio fueron diecisiete mujeres ingresadas en una maternidad pública en Salvador, Bahia (Brasil, por causa del aborto inducido. La recolección de datos se realizó entre julio y septiembre de 2008, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, organizadas a partir del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Las ideas centrales que surgieron de los discursos muestran que la decisión del aborto se deriva de la historia de violencia vivida con sus compañeros y familiares, y del abandono cuando el embarazo fue descubierto. La Enfermería necesita entender el contexto social en el cual viven las mujeres que abortan, a fin de reformular sus prácticas.

Alterações edáficas sob plantios puros e misto de espécies florestais nativas do sudeste da Bahia, Brasil

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A. C. Gama-Rodrigues

1999-09-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi relacionar o acúmulo de serapilheira com sua composição química e desta com as características físicas e químicas do solo, em plantios puros e misto de espécies florestais nativas. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em solos de tabuleiro do sudeste da Bahia, Brasil, no período de agosto de 1994 a novembro de 1996, em plantios, com 22 anos de idade, de pau-roxo (Peltogyne angustiflora, putumuju (Centrolobium robustum, arapati (Arapatiella psilophylla, arapaçu (Sclerolobium chrysophyllum, claraíba (Cordia trichotoma e óleo-comumbá (Macrolobium latifolium . Foram utilizadas uma floresta secundária, praticamente em estado clímax, e uma capoeira, de 40 anos de idade. O solo na camada de 0-5 cm estava mais bem estruturado no plantio misto do que sob as outras coberturas vegetais. A estruturação dessa camada foi positivamente relacionada com o acúmulo de C orgânico no solo e de serapilheira sobre este. O nível de fertilidade do solo (0-10 cm sob as espécies implantadas nos sistemas puros e misto foi superior ao da capoeira e da floresta natural. A fitomassa e a qualidade nutricional da serapilheira revelaram a capacidade diferenciada das coberturas florestais para absorver e reciclar nutrientes; o plantio misto representou uma situação intermediária em relação ao sistema de plantios puros. A quantidade de serapilheira acumulada dependeu da sua composição química. Segundo resultados deste trabalho, a estruturação e o nível de fertilidade do solo distinguiram-se de acordo com as coberturas florestais, em razão da quantidade, da composição química e da taxa de decomposição da serapilheira. As espécies claraíba, arapaçu e pau-roxo revelaram-se promissoras em melhorar a fertilidade do solo. Contudo, o plantio misto mostrou ser o sistema florestal mais adequado, por proporcionar simultaneamente melhor estruturação, maior quantidade de C orgânico, maiores níveis de nutrientes do solo e

Situação nutricional e alimentar de pré-escolares no semi-árido da Bahia (Brasil: II ­ Hipovitaminose A

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Santos Leonor M.P.

1996-01-01

Full Text Available Foram estudados 754 pré-escolares de áreas urbanas de sete municípios do semi-árido do Estado Bahia, Brasil, com o objetivo de determinar a prevalência da hipovitaminose A e sua associação com a idade, sexo, renda em salário-mínimo, escolaridade materna e adequação dietética em vitamina A. Na amostra estudada não se registrou nenhum caso de sinais e/ou sintomas de xeroftalmia durante o exame clínico-oftalmológico. Em 563 crianças foi possível a coleta de sangue para determinação de retinol sérico; encontrou-se um valor médio de 20,3 µg/dl (DP=10,8µg/dl e uma prevalência de 15,3% de níveis deficientes (abaixo de 10,0 µg/dl. Em todos os sete municípios estudados a prevalência de retinol sérico deficiente foi superior a 5,0% que é nível crítico proposto pela OMS para considerar a hipovitaminose A como problema de saúde pública. A distribuição de retinol sérico encontrada não teve relação com o sexo das crianças, mas com a idade, diminuindo a prevalência de níveis deficientes e baixos na medida em que a idade aumenta. Não se encontrou associação entre renda familiar per capita ou escolaridade materna e a prevalência de níveis de retinol deficiente. Os resultados de consumo alimentar provenientes do inquérito recordatório de 24h mostraram que apenas 8% das crianças consumiram quantidades adequadas de retinol ou de seus precursores; 66% ingeriam abaixo da metade e quase 35% delas não chegaram a ingerir nem um quarto da quantidade recomendada para sua faixa etária. A carência de vitamina A deve ser considerada como problema de saúde pública severo, tanto pela alta prevalência de níveis deficientes de retinol em todos os municípios como também pela dimensão da inadequação dietética.

Acaricides efficiency on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus microplus from Bahia state North-Central region Eficiência de acaricidas sobreRhipicephalus (Boophilus microplusna região Centro-Norte, Bahia

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José Tadeu Raynal

Full Text Available The cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus microplus is responsible for major losses in the Brazilian livestock, mainly due to reduction in cattle productive performance. Resistance development to major classes of acaricide widely used nowadays has been extensively reported, as well as the occurrence of residues from these compounds in animal products and the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of acaricides on R. (B. microplus collected from rural properties in the North-Central region of Bahia State. Ticks were collected in several cattle farms in the cited region, and an in vitro acaricide efficiency assay was performed based on the immersion of ticks in acaricide solutions made according to manufacturers' recommendations. The results obtained in the experiments indicated varying degrees of efficiency of the several bases studied, with the products benzofenilurea, macrocyclic lactone and fipronil showing the highest levels of efficiency, 100%, 100% and 97.34%, respectively. It was possible to conclude that, for the region studied, there are different degrees of commercial acaricides efficiency, and many present less than 95% effectiveness, value determined as acceptable by the Brazilian legislation.O carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus microplus é responsável por grandes perdas na pecuária brasileira, principalmente devido à redução no desempenho produtivo dos animais. A resistência do parasita a diferentes classes de acaricidas tem sido amplamente relatada, bem como os problemas de ocorrência de resíduos desses compostos em produtos de origem animal e no ambiente. Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de diversos acaricidas sobre populações de R. (B. microplus provenientes de propriedades rurais da Região Centro-Norte do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Teleóginas ingurgitadas foram colhidas em diferentes propriedades da região e submetidas a ensaio in vitro de eficiência de acaricidas, baseado na

Acute Chagas disease in El Salvador 2000-2012 - Need for surveillance and control

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Emi Sasagawa

2014-04-01

Full Text Available Several parasitological studies carried out in El Salvador between 2000-2012 showed a higher frequency of acute cases of Chagas disease than that in other Central American countries. There is an urgent need for improved Chagas disease surveillance and vector control programs in the provinces where acute Chagas disease occurs and throughout El Salvador as a whole.

78 FR 32418 - Extension of the Designation of El Salvador for Temporary Protected Status

Science.gov (United States)

2013-05-30

... on the so-called Ring of Fire (an arc of fault lines circling the Pacific Basin), makes it vulnerable..., Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, TPS El Salvador, P.O. Box Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, 8635, Chicago, IL..., West Immigration Services, Attn: Virginia. TPS El Salvador, 131 S. Dearborn--3rd Floor Chicago, IL...

Cnidaris de la Col·lecció Salvador

OpenAIRE

Gili, Josep Maria; Madurell, Teresa

2014-01-01

28 p., tablas, fot. -- Informe técnico elaborado con el objetivo de realizar un inventario de la colección de cnidarios pertenecientes al Gabinete Salvador, situado en el Instituto Botánico de Barcelona

People's Front in Defence of Land, San Salvador Atenco: A testimony

OpenAIRE

Martha Pérez Pineda

2011-01-01

Martha Pérez Pineda gives her statement of the Peoples Front in Defence of the Land (The Peoples Front in Defence of Land (Frente del Pueblo en Defensa de la Tierra, FPDT) was formed in 2002, by residents of San Salvador Atenco, to resist their forced displacement by the federal government of Mexico and Estado de Mexico. The government planned to displace them to make way for the new Mexico City Airport. The people of San Salvador Atenco refused and battled, the most common fights were disput...

Evaluación de la sostenibilidad de fincas de café administradas por Tropical El Salvador, durante el período 2004 - 2009.

OpenAIRE

Laínez Reyes, Carlos Eduardo

2011-01-01

Laínez Reyes, C. E. 2011. Evaluación de la sostenibilidad de fincas de café administradas por Tropical El Salvador, durante el periodo 2004 - 2009. Tesis Mag. Sc. Universidad de El Salvador, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas. Universidad de El Salvador. San Salvador, SV. 124 p. Cuando el subsector café en El Salvador afrontaba una de sus peores crísis de la historia, generada por el desequilibrio estructural entre la oferta y la demanda mundial, Tropical Farm Management El Salvador S.A. de ...

Tabagismo: conhecimentos, atitudes, hábitos e grau de dependência de jovens fumantes em Salvador Tabaquismo: conocimientos, actitudes, hábitos y grado de dependencia de jóvenes fumadores en Salvador Smoking: knowledge, attitudes, habits and degree of dependence of young adults in Salvador

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Aline Farias de Almeida

2006-12-01

óvenes en el control del tabaquismo.This study was aimed at evaluating the degree of smoking dependence and to characterize social demographic data, habits and attitudes of young smokers. Answered the questionnaire102 students from Salvador, State of Bahia, of which 11 were smokers. Their mean age and the age in which they first smoked were 18.2 and 13.4 years respectively. Most of them were male, in the first year of senior high school, of brown skin color and had close relatives who smoke. The majority of those young smokers had been advised about the risks of smoking at home and in school, but few had knowledge about the benefits of quitting. Almost half of them had been smoking for more than three years and had started to smoke out of curiosity. More than half of them smoked one cigarette per day, with low levels of nicotine, bought the cigarettes in shops, and wanted and tried to quit smoking, but never succeeded. The degree of dependence was low for most of them. This study offers hints for nurses to act against smoking with young adults.

As abelhas eussociais (Hymenoptera, Apidae visitantes florais em um ecossistema de dunas continentais no médio Rio São Francisco, Bahia, Brasil

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Edinaldo Luz das Neves

2002-01-01

Full Text Available Highly eusocial bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae flower visitors in a continental sand dune ecosystem from the medium São Francisco River, Bahia, Brazil. A community of highly eusocial bees in sand dunes, covered with caatinga vegetation, in the medium São Francisco River, Bahia (10º47' 37"S and 42º49' 25"W was studied. The local climate is semi arid and hot, with mean temperature of 25.7 ºC and annual precipitation of 653.8 mm. Censuses took place every two months, from February to December of 2000. The bees were sampled on flowers with entomological nets, from 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. A total of 2,147 individuals of eight species of Apinae were found, of which Apis mellifera Linnaeus (40.2%, Trigona spinipes (Fabricius (28.7% and Frieseomelitta silvestri languida Moure (14.7% were the predominant species. The diversity was H' = 1.53 and the evenness E' = 0.73. The bees were active during the whole year, but there was a significant variation in the monthly abundance of individuals (c2= 799.55; df= 35; p<0.0001. The daily activity was greater between 6:00 a.m. and 8:00 a.m. The low bee diversity observed is a consequence of the low richness of botanical species and of the small amount of sites for the bees' nests. The community of highly eusocial bees from the dunes presents organization patterns similar to those observed in other caatinga areas, albeit with some particularities.

Los costos económicos de la violencia en El Salvador

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Carlos ACEVEDO

2009-01-01

Full Text Available RESUMEN: Este trabajo efectúa un ejercicio de cuantificación de los costos económicos asociados a las diversas manifestaciones y consecuencias de la situación de violencia prevaleciente en El Salvador, utilizando información para 2007. Tales costos son clasificados en cuatro grandes categorías: i costos en salud; ii costos institucionales (legales, judiciales y policiales; iii costos preventivos en seguridad privada; y iv pérdidas materiales. Los resultados de las estimaciones efectuadas indican que, en dicho año, la violencia impuso sobre El Salvador un costo económico equivalente a 10,9% del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB y a más del doble de las asignaciones presupuestarias para Educación y Salud. ABSTRACT: This essay carries out an accounting exercise on the economic costs derived from the violence situation which prevails in El Salvador, using information for 2007. Those costs are classified into four main categories: i costs on health; ii institutional costs (legal, judiciary and police; iii preventive costs for private security; and iv material losses. The results from the estimations performed indicate that, in 2007, the different expressions and consequences derived from the violence situation imponed on El Salvador an economic cost which was equivalent to 10,9% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP and more than twice the combined budget allocations to Education and Health.

Association between leisure-time physical activity and C-reactive protein levels in adults, in the city of Salvador, Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Pitanga, Francisco; Lessa, Ines

2009-04-01

Leisure time physical activity (LTPA), defined as any type of bodily movement performed during leisure time, is associated with a reduction in the risk for many cardiovascular injuries. To investigate the existence of an association between leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in adults, in the city of Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 822 men and women, aged > 20 years. Active in leisure time were those with a self-reported practice of physical activities in leisure time; high serum CRP levels were those with values > 3.0 mg/l. Logistic regression analysis was used to compute the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Using multivariate analysis to adjust for potential confounders, we found an OR of 0.73 (0.68-0.79) among the men which shows the existence of an association between LTPA and high CRP levels only in male individuals. After a stratification by gender, obesity, diabetes and smoking habit, we found an association between LTPA and high CRP in non-obese and non-diabetic male smokers or former smokers; and in obese and non-smoking females. The results of this study may bring contributions to public health, since they can be used to raise awareness of the importance of LTPA as a prospective strategy for population health improvement.

Soroepidemiologia da doença de Newcastle em plantéis de avestruzes dos Estados da Bahia e de São Paulo Serologic occurrence of Newcastle disease in ostriches raised in Bahia and São Paulo

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Lia Muniz Barretto Fernandes

2010-02-01

Full Text Available Estudos sorológicos em Avestruzes (Struthio camelus são ferramentas úteis para analisar os riscos relacionados à Doença de Newcastle nesses plantéis e à avicultura nacional. No presente estudo, amostras de sangue foram obtidas de avestruzes de ambos os sexos, de diferentes faixas etárias e sem apresentação de sintomatologia clínica, criadas nos Estados da Bahia e de São Paulo com o objetivo de avaliar a presença de anticorpos contra o vírus da Doença de Newcastle por meio de ELISA indireto. Foram testadas 339 amostras provenientes do Estado da Bahia e 105 amostras do Estado de São Paulo. Apesar de os proprietários afirmarem que não foi utilizada vacina em seus animais, foi verificada positividade na Bahia de 17,9% e de 4,7% em São Paulo, em avestruzes, sugerindo contato com vírus vacinal ou de campo.Serological studies in ostriches (Struthio camelus are important tools to assess the risk of Newcastle disease in these herds and to the national poultry industry. In the present study blood samples were obtained from male and female ostriches without symptoms of the disease, raised in Bahia and São Paulo in order to evaluate the presence of antibodies against Newcastle disease virus using an indirect ELISA. There were collected 339 samples in Bahia and 105 samples in São Paulo. Although the owners guarantee that animals were not vaccinated, it was verified the presence 17,9% positives in Bahia and 4,7% in São Paulo, suggesting contact with vaccinal or field strain.

A Living Lab for optimising the health, socio-economic and environmental situation in El Salvador

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Platz, M

2015-07-01

Full Text Available In order to address chronic renal failure as a critical health problem in El Salvador (Central America) a Living Lab (LL) methodology was applied to assist El Salvador to carry out research on low-cost techniques to mitigate exposure to pesticides...

Evaluación de la resistencia a insecticidas de una cepa de Aedes aegypti de El Salvador Assessing the insecticide resistance of an Aedes aegypti strain in El Salvador

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Juan A. Bisset Lazcano

2009-09-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el nivel de susceptibilidad a insecticidas de una cepa de Aedes aegypti procedente de El Salvador y describir los posibles mecanismos de resistencia al temefós. MÉTODOS: Se evaluó una cepa de A. aegypti procedente del municipio de Soyapango, departamento de San Salvador, El Salvador. Mediante bioensayos se determinó la susceptibilidad de las larvas al insecticida organofosforado temefós y a tres piretroides (deltametrina, lambdacialotrina y cipermetrina y de los adultos a un insecticida organofosforado (clorpirifós. Se determinó el factor de resistencia (FR50 con respecto a una cepa sensible de referencia (Rockefeller. Se estableció el mecanismo de resistencia al temefós mediante el empleo de sustancias sinergistas, ensayos bioquímicos de actividad enzimática y zimogramas en gel de poliacrilamida. RESULTADOS: Las larvas de la cepa estudiada mostraron una alta resistencia al temefós (FR50 = 24,16. De las enzimas analizadas, se encontró que solo la esterasa A4 estaba vinculada al mecanismo de resistencia al temefós. Los mosquitos adultos resultaron susceptibles a la lambdacialotrina y al clorpirifós y su resistencia a la deltametrina y la cipermetrina quedó en la categoría de verificación. CONCLUSIONES: La resistencia al temefós podría reducir la eficacia del control químico del mosquito A. aegypti en la zona estudiada de El Salvador. Los insecticidas clorpirifós, lambdacialotrina y cipermetrina son buenos candidatos alternativos a utilizar en las nuevas intervenciones de control de este vector.OBJECTIVES: To assess the level of insecticide susceptibility of a certain Aedes aegypti strain found in El Salvador and to explain the mechanisms for its resistance to temephos. METHODS: An A. aegypti strain from the municipality of Soyapango, Department of San Salvador, El Salvador, was studied. Bioassays were used to determine the susceptibility of the larvae to the organophosphate insecticide temephos and to

La poètica de Carles Salvador i la generació de 1930

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Lluís B. Meseguer

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Meseguer situates Carles Salvador within the literary trends of his contemporaries. He deals with Salvador's implicit and explicit ideological influences, focusing on the poetics of various texts: El jazz, el maquinisme i la poesia pura (1928, Colps d'escut i de sageta (1929, Significado de Avantguardisme, his declaration in La poesia valenciana en 1930, and his unpublished paper El meu concepte de la poesia.

(Sur)realistic link Salvador Dali/Le Corbusier

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Poortman, J.

2012-01-01

This is a story about the remarkable relationship and connection between two men, who on first sight, don't seem to have any relation at all. The first one is known as Salvador Dali (pic1.), the surrealist, the Spanish artist praised for his extraordinary paintings and of course his Paranoid

CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS E MORFOMÉTRICAS DOS CANAIS DE DRENAGEM DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO BOM SUCESSO - SEMIÁRIDO DA BAHIA/BRASIL

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Kleber Carvalho Lima; Archimedes Perez Filho; Cenira Maria Lupinacci Cunha

2014-01-01

Propõe-se neste artigo, analisar as características dos canais de drenagem intermitentes e efêmeros da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Bom Sucesso (Bahia), levando-se em consideração os seus aspectos morfológicos e morfométricos. Para tanto, definiu-se a rede de drenagem, caracterizaram-se os canais de drenagem, classificaram-se os cursos fluviais quanto à textura do canal e aplicaram-se os índices morfométricos. Por meio disso, verificou-se que a bacia possui baixa densidade de drenagem e baixa de...

Nota sobre o comportamento de agregação dos machos de Oxaea austera Gerstaecker (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Oxaeinae na caatinga do Estado da Bahia, Brasil Notes on a male sleeping aggregation behavior of Oxaea austera Gerstaecker (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Oxaeinae in the caatinga of Bahia State, Brazil

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Favízia Freitas de Oliveira

2002-03-01

Full Text Available This note reports for the first time a "male sleeping aggregation" of the solitary bee Oxaea austera Gerstaecker, 1867 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Oxaeinae found near the town of Iaçú, Bahia, in Northeastern Brazil. This is also the first record of a species of Oxaea for the caatinga ecosystem.

Progress of the seismological program in El Salvador

Science.gov (United States)

Martinez, M. A.

1982-01-01

 El Salvador is located in Central America at the axis of geographical coordinates 14° north latitude and 89° west longitude. Situated inside the circumpacific "ring of fire" it is thus vulnerable to sudden earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. 

Surto de leishmaniose tegumentar americana em Canoa, Santo Amaro, Bahia, Brasil An outbreak of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Canoa, Santo Amaro, Bahia, Brazil

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Ivonise Follador

1999-10-01

Full Text Available Em 1993, um surto leishmaniose tegumentar americana (LTA foi detectado no povoado rural de Canoa, município de Santo Amaro, Bahia. Um estudo observacional prospectivo delineou-se, com objetivo de determinar as taxas de freqüência e caracterizar clinicamente a doença. Foram acompanhados 555 indivíduos, registrando-se 29 casos de LTA, 11 casos sugestivos de LTA pregressa e 529 sadios. Desses 529 sadios, 65 apresentaram reação de Montenegro positiva sem qualquer evidência presente ou passada de doença. A prevalência de LTA no período de estudo foi de 5,2% (29/555. A leishmania envolvida foi caracterizada como Leishmania braziliensis e o vetor, Lutzomyia intermedia. Foram detectados cães e equídeos infectados por leishmania O acometimento de crianças menores de 10 anos, o acometimento igual entre os sexos e um componente de agregação familiar sugerem um padrão de transmissão peri ou intradomiciliar.An outbreak of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL was detected in the village of Canoa in 1993. A prospective observational study was outlined to determine the frequency rates and to clinically characterize the disease. A total of 555 people were followed up. There were 29 cases of ACL, 11 cases of probably previous ACL (scars and 529 healthy individuals. Of these 529 individuals, 65 had a positive Montenegro reaction without any present or past evidence of leishmaniasis. The prevalence of ACL during the two years was 5.2% (29/555. The leishmania involved was Leishmania braziliensis and the vector, Lutzomyia intermedia. Evidence of infection was detected in dogs and horses. The high frequency of the disease among children under ten years, the similar sex distribution of cases and a component of familial aggregation suggest a peri- or intra-domiciliary transmission.

Energy balance from Bahia state 2011 - series: 1994-2010

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2011-01-01

The present Energy Balance is constituted of six chapters, as follows: the chapter 1 approaches the profile of the energy system, showing the structure of the Bahia state energy matrix i n the year of 2010, and the modifications occurred during the period of 1994-2010; the chapter 2 analyses the evolution during the period of 1994-2010 of the energy offer with aspects of production, exports, imports and consumption; the chapter 3 comprised the evolution of energy consumption by sources and social-economic sectors; chapter 4 focus the evolution of state energy self-sufficiency, confronting the primary energy production with the energy total demand; the chapter 5 contains the balance of the energy transformation centers of the Bahia state; and the chapter 6 contains the consolidated matrixes expressed in the period of 1980, 1985 and 1990-2010

Uranium prospecting in the State of Bahia, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cenachi, N.C.

1974-01-01

A brief description is made of the program established by CNEN (Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission) - Brazil, for the radiogeological survey of a large area in the state of Bahia. Details of the projects carried out since 1971 are also given. Projects of aerogeophysical surveys are also mentioned [pt

Violência e desigualdade social: mortalidade por homicídios e condições de vida em Salvador, Brasil Violence and social inequalities: mortality rates due to homicides and life conditions in Salvador, Brazil

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Adriana C Macedo

2001-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: A relação entre pobreza e violência tem sido questionada por alguns autores. Nesse sentido, foi realizado estudo com o objetivo de analisar os diferenciais intra-urbanos de mortalidade por homicídio segundo as condições de vida. MÉTODOS: Estudo de agregados referente aos anos de 1991 e 1994, considerando as 75 zonas de informação de Salvador, BA, e a classificação de sua população em quatro estratos de condições de vida, a partir das variáveis renda e escolaridade. Para cada estrato, foram calculados a taxa de mortalidade por homicídios e o risco relativo de morte para o estrato de piores condições de vida em relação aos demais. Os dados foram obtidos de declarações de óbito, dos registros do Instituto Médico Legal e do Censo Demográfico de 1991. Foram calculados os intervalos de confiança a 95%, mediante o aplicativo Confidence Interval Analysis. RESULTADOS: As taxas de mortalidade por homicídio mais elevadas foram registradas nas áreas mais pobres da cidade. O risco relativo de morte por essa causa entre o estrato de piores e o de melhores condições de vida variou entre 2,9 e 5,1, sendo essa relação estatisticamente significante em nível de 5%. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados são sugestivos das possíveis relações entre homicídios e desigualdades sociais, o que levou a discussões sobre a relevância de iniciativas organizadas para a redução da violência.INTRODUCTION: Some studies have been questioning the association between poverty and violence. This study's purpose is to assess the distribution of homicide indicators associated with living conditions in Salvador, Brazil. METHODS: A cluster study for the years 1991 to 1994 was carried out including the 75 data centers of the city of Salvador, BA, Brazil. Using death certificates for the study period, yearly mortality rates and mortality ratios were estimated. The 1991 census data of monthly wages and years of education for all family providers were

Acidentes de trabalho não fatais: diferenças de gênero e tipo de contrato de trabalho Non-fatal occupational injuries: gender and job contract differences

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Vilma Santana

2003-04-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, trabalhadores sem vínculo formal de trabalho representam mais da metade da força de trabalho, cuja maioria é composta por mulheres. Neste estudo, estima-se a incidência anual de acidentes ocupacionais não fatais, e a sua distribuição por gênero e tipo de contrato de trabalho, em uma área urbana do Brasil. Dados provêm de um inquérito de base comunitária conduzido com uma amostra aleatória dos habitantes de Salvador, capital do Estado da Bahia. A população deste estudo compreende o total de pessoas entre 18 e 65 anos que referiram trabalho remunerado (n = 2.947. A coleta de dados baseada em entrevistas domiciliares individuais. A incidência anual de acidentes foi estimada em 5,80%, discretamente maior entre os homens (6,05% do que entre as mulheres (5,53%, ou entre trabalhadores sem contrato formal de trabalho (5,92% do que no grupo de comparação (5,67%, diferenças não estatisticamente significantes. A semelhança entre as freqüências de acidentes de trabalho entre mulheres e homens independentemente do tipo de contrato de trabalho apontam para a necessidade de maior atenção a estes eventos no sexo feminino, e entre os trabalhadores informais, amplamente ignorados nas estatísticas oficiais do país.In Brazil, workers without a formal job contract comprise more than half of the labor force, a contingent formed mainly by women. This study presents estimates of the annual incidence of non-fatal work-related injuries and their distribution by gender and type of job contract in an urban area of Brazil. This was a community-based study with a random cluster area sample of the inhabitants from the city of Salvador, capital of the State of Bahia. The study population included all individuals from 18 to 65 years of age who reported having a paid job (n = 2,947. Data were obtained through individual household interviews. The overall estimated annual incidence rate was 5.80%, with a non-statistically significant

L'aspecte pedagògic de Carles Salvador

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Josep M. Quixal San-Abdon

2015-10-01

Full Text Available This article deals with the educational background of Carles Salvador, first with his studies at the Escola Normal, followed by lectures and experiences which would guide his professional development, to the degraded situation as a high school teacher of the Spanish State.

Minera Australiana adquiere proyecto cuestionado en El Salvador

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pacheco Cueva, Vladimir

2013-01-01

This article looks at the environmental risks of gold mining in El Salvador in general and specifically at the risks associated with OceanaGold's project. The article also examines the stiff opposition to the project presented by an alliance of local and international organisations....

Analysis of private natural heritage reserves as a conservation strategy for the biodiversity of the cocoa region of the southern State of Bahia, Brazil Análise das reservas particulares do patrimônio natural como estratégia de conservação na região cacaueira do Sul da Bahia, Brasil

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Alexandre Schiavetti

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Brazil was the first country in Latin America to establish and regulate this type of reserve, and there are currently more than 700 Private Nature Heritage Reserves (RPPN in Portuguese officially recognized by either federal or state environmental agencies. Together, these RPPN protect more than a half million hectares of land in the country. The coastal forests in the southern part of Bahia State extend 100 to 200 km inland, gradually changing in physiognomy as they occupy the dryer inland areas. The coastal forest has been subjected to intense deforestation, and currently occupies less than 10% of its original area. For this work the creation processes of the RPPN were consulted to obtain the data creation time, size of property, the condition of the remaining forest, succession chain and the last paid tax. After that, interviews with the owners were made to confirm this data. Sixteen RPPN have been established in this region until 2005. Their sizes vary from 4.7 to 800 ha. Ten of these RPPN are located within state or federal conservation areas or their buffer zones. In spite of the numerous national and international conservation strategies and environmental policies focused on the region, the present situation of the cocoa zone is threatening the conservation of the region's natural resources. The establishment of private reserves in the cocoa region could conceivably improve these conservation efforts. This type of reserve can be established under a uniform system supported by federal legislation, and could count on private organizations.O Brasil foi o primeiro País na América Latina a estabelecer e regulamentar este tipo de reserva e hoje, há mais de 700 Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN oficialmente reconhecidas pelos órgãos ambientais federais ou estaduais. Juntos, estas reservas protegem mais de meio milhão de hectares em diferentes biomas dos Pais. A Floresta Atlântica na região Sul da Bahia se estende at

Dimensions of child punishment in two Central American countries: Guatemala and El Salvador Dimensiones del castigo infantil en dos países de América Central: Guatemala y El Salvador

OpenAIRE

Ilene S. Speizer; Mary M. Goodwin; Ghazaleh Samandari; Shin Y. Kim; Maureen Clyde

2008-01-01

OBJECTIVE: Severe physical punishment of children is an important issue in international child health and welfare. This study examines such punishment in Guatemala and El Salvador. METHODS: Data came from nationally representative surveys of women aged 15-49 and men aged 15-59 residing in Guatemala (2002) and El Salvador (2002-2003). The surveys included questions about punishment experienced during childhood, with response options ranging from verbal scolding to beating. In Guatemala, parent...

Avaliação da cobertura do programa de triagem neonatal de hemoglobinopatias em populações do Recôncavo Baiano, Brasil Evaluation of coverage by a neonatal screening program for hemoglobinopathies in the Recôncavo region of Bahia, Brazil

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Wellington dos Santos Silva

2006-12-01

Full Text Available Em 2001, a Portaria n. 822/2001 do Ministério da Saúde tornou obrigatória a triagem neonatal para as hemoglobinopatias, especialmente a anemia falciforme, a doença genética mais comum no Brasil. A Bahia, em decorrência de sua história de povoamento, é o Estado com maior prevalência dessa doença no país. No presente trabalho, apresentamos a cobertura da triagem neonatal (número de recém-nascidos/número de triagens realizadas no período de 2001 a 2003 nos municípios de Cachoeira, São Félix e Maragogipe, localizados na região do Recôncavo Baiano, e a freqüência das hemoglobinas variantes HbS e HbC na população dos mesmos municípios, com exceção de São Félix. A freqüência total estimada de portadores para as duas hemoglobinas nessas populações foi de 13,0% e nos recém-nascidos de 8,5% em 2001, 6,5% em 2002 e 11,6% em 2003. A cobertura da triagem neonatal, quando se considera o período de 2001 a 2003, caiu de 82,6% para 46,4% no Município de Cachoeira, aumentou de 23,7% para 56,2% em Maragogipe e em São Félix atingiu 100%. Os dados aqui apresentados apontam para a necessidade de um melhor preparo dos serviços de saúde pública na maioria dos municípios analisados do Recôncavo Baiano para a cobertura da triagem neonatal.In 2001, government ruling n. MS 822/01 by the Brazilian Ministry of Health made neonatal screening mandatory for hemoglobinopathies, with special focus on sickle cell disease, the most common hemoglobinopathy in Brazil. Bahia is the State of Brazil with the highest prevalence of this disease. The current paper reports on the prevalence of hemoglobin variants HbS and HbC, which cause sickle cell disease, in the cities of Cachoeira, Maragogipe, and São Félix, Bahia State. The overall proportion of carriers for the two forms of hemoglobin was 13%. From 2001 to 2003, the neonatal screening rate decreased from 82.6% to 46.4% in Cachoeira and increased from 37.0% to 56.2% in Maragogipe. Thus, only

Relationship between Learning Problems and Attention Deficit in Childhood

Science.gov (United States)

Ponde, Milena Pereira; Cruz-Freire, Antonio Carlos; Silveira, Andre Almeida

2012-01-01

Objective: To assess the impact of attention deficit on learning problems in a sample of schoolchildren in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Method: All students enrolled in selected elementary schools were included in this study, making a total of 774 children. Each child was assessed by his or her teacher using a standardized scale. "The…

De plantas y hombres: cómo los genetistas se vincularon a la eugenesia en Brasil (un estudio de caso, 1929-1938

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Arantes Botelho Briglia Habib, Paula

2014-12-01

Full Text Available The aim of this article is to analyse the trajectory of Octávio Domingues (1897-1972 and Salvador de Toledo Piza Jr. (1898-1988, two geneticists in the Agricultural School of São Paulo State, who engaged with the main propagandist for the eugenics in Brazil, Renato Kehl (1889-1974. This approach is embodied in its association surrounding the publication of the Boletim de Eugenia, an important vehicle for the dissemination of the eugenics movement between the years 1929 and 1933. From the analysis of this journal, it was possible to detect that even sharing both Mendelian theory of heredity, Toledo Piza Jr. considered miscegenation of the Brazilian population as something against nature, while Octávio Domingues judged it healthy.En el presente artículo pretendemos reflexionar sobre la trayectoria de Octávio Domingues (1897-1972 y Salvador Toledo Piza Jr. (1898-1988, dos genetistas de una escuela agrícola del Estado de São Paulo que se vincularon al principal propagador de la eugenesia en Brasil, Renato Kehl (1889-1974. Ese acercamiento se concretó en su asociación alrededor de la publicación del Boletim de Eugenia, importante vehículo de divulgación del movimiento eugenésico entre los años 1929 y 1933. A partir del análisis de esa publicación periódica, ha sido posible detectar que, aunque los dos partían de la teoría mendeliana de la herencia, Toledo Piza Jr. consideraba el mestizaje de la población brasileña como algo que iba en contra de la naturaleza, mientras que Octávio Domingues la juzgaba saludable.

Effects of soil microorganisms on uptake of 89Sr by ryegrass and bahia grass

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zhong Weiliang; Liu Kexing

2006-01-01

In present study, 60 Co γ-rays was used to irradiate soil with doses of 3.0 kGy and 25.0 kGy, respectively, to discriminate between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and other soil microorganisms, while soil without irradiation was used as control to study the effects of soil microorganisms on uptake of 89 Sr by ryegrass and bahia grass. The results showed that the AM infection rates in ryegrass and bahia grass were 48.0% and 28.0% in the control soil, respectively which indicated that both grass species were prone to forming AM symbiosis with AM fungi. Although AM fungi and other soil microorganisms had no significant effect on above ground biomass in ryegrass and bahia grass, both AM fungi and other soil microorganisms decreased the uptake of 89 Sr in the two grass species, though to a more or less extant. (authors)

Channeling Remittances to Education: A Field Experiment Among Migrants from El Salvador*

Science.gov (United States)

Ambler, Kate; Aycinena, Diego

2014-01-01

We implement a randomized experiment offering Salvadoran migrants matching funds for educational remittances, which are channeled directly to a beneficiary student in El Salvador chosen by the migrant. The matches lead to increased educational expenditures, higher private school attendance, and lower labor supply of youths in El Salvador households connected to migrant study participants. We find substantial “crowd-in” of educational investments: for each $1 received by beneficiaries, educational expenditures increase by $3.72. We find no shifting of expenditures away from other students, and no effect on remittances. PMID:26000091

Avaliação da qualidade nutricional em espécies de pescado mais produzidas no Estado da Bahia Quality evaluate nutritional the fisches more consumed in State of Bahia - Brazil

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Graciele de Queiroz Andrade

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Diversos fatores podem contribuir para a variabilidade na composição das diferentes espécies de pescado. Este trabalho teve como objetivo, identificar as espécies de pescado mais produzidas no Estado da Bahia, avaliar seu valor nutricional e realizar um levantamento das empresas beneficiadoras de pescado do Estado. Um questionário foi aplicado às beneficiadoras de pescado para a caracterização das empresas. Segundo a Bahia Pesca (2005, as espécies mais produzidas são: o camarão-rosa (Penaeus brasiliensis, representando 21,8% da produção estadual; a sardinha (Opisthonema oglinum, 10,2%; os vermelhos com as espécies guaiúba (Ocyurus chrysurus e o ariacó (Lutjanus synagris, 6,6%; seguidos pela tainha (Mugil spp., 4,1%. De acordo com o valor nutricional das espécies analisadas, a guaiúba foi considerada melhor para o consumo, por possuir menor teor de lipídios totais (0,82% e gordura saturada (28,74%. A produção de 43% das beneficiadoras de pescado do Estado da Bahia está entre 10 e 50 ton/mês e a principal dificuldade apresentada foi a falta de investimento do governo no setor.Several factors can contribute to the variability in the composition of the different species of fish. The objective of this work was to identify the most frequently consumed fish species in the State of Bahia to evaluate their nutritional value and to compile a list of fish processing companies in the State. A questionnaire was applied to the companies to characterize them. According to Bahia Pesca (2005, the most frequently consumed species are the shrimp-rose (Penaeus brasiliensis, accounting for 21.8% of the state production, the sardine (Opisthonema oglinum,10.2%, and the reds, especially guaiúba (Ocyurus chrysurus and ariacó (Lutjanus synagris, 6.6%, followed by the mullet (Mugil spp., 4.1%, respectively. Considering the nutritional value of the analyzed fish, the guaiúba was considered the best for consumption due to its smaller content of

Bahia State, Brazil : Ariculture Sector Risk Assessment

OpenAIRE

Arias, Diego; Caballero, Jorge

2015-01-01

The present study is part of an effort by the World Bank and the State of Bahia to assess agriculture sector risks as a contribution to the strategic economic development and poverty reduction agenda of the state government. It is composed of two phases: an agricultural sector risk identification and prioritization (volume one) and a risk management strategy and action plan (volume two). T...

Levantamento das aves marinhas no percurso Rio de Janeiro: Bahia (Brasil A survey of the marine birds in the route Rio de Janeiro: Bahía (Brazil

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Elias Pacheco Coelho

1990-12-01

Full Text Available Marine birds were surveyed between Rio de Janeiro and Bahia, latitudes 24º44'S and 17º50'S, from July to September 1984. Sixteen species were recorded belonging to six families, with most sightings occurring between 24º44'S and 22º3$'S. Data suggest two distinct communities, the more southerly one is represented by Daption capense and the one further north by Puffinus gravis.

Características clínicas e prognóstico em pacientes com asma quase fatal em Salvador, Bahia Clinical characteristics and prognosis in near-fatal asthma patients in Salvador, Brazil

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Eduardo Vieira Ponte

2011-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Determinar a frequência de asma quase fatal em um grupo de pacientes com asma grave, assim como as características clínicas e o prognóstico desses pacientes em um ano de seguimento. MÉTODOS: Estudo prospectivo envolvendo 731 pacientes de baixa renda com asma grave tratados em um ambulatório de referência para asma na cidade de Salvador (BA. Os pacientes realizaram espirometria na admissão do estudo, receberam medicações para asma e foram monitorizados quanto à frequência de exacerbações durante o seguimento. Uma subamostra de 511 pacientes também respondeu questionários de sintomas e de qualidade de vida relacionada a asma. RESULTADOS: Dos 731 pacientes estudados, 563 (77% eram do sexo feminino, com mediana de idade de 47 anos, e 12% não eram alfabetizados. A maioria dos pacientes apresentava rinite, e 70 (10% relataram asma quase fatal antes da admissão. Desses 70 pacientes, 41 (59% relataram terem sido intubados previamente. Os pacientes com asma quase fatal na admissão eram mais propensos a exacerbações de asma durante o acompanhamento e tiveram menor resposta ao tratamento do que aqueles sem asma quase fatal. Os resultados dos questionários no final do acompanhamento foram semelhantes nos dois grupos de pacientes. CONCLUSÕES: A frequência de asma quase fatal foi alta nesta população de pacientes com asma grave e de baixa renda. Os pacientes com histórico de asma quase fatal tiveram um pior prognóstico que aqueles sem esse histórico, embora tenham recebido o mesmo tratamento. Curiosamente, a intensidade dos sintomas e a qualidade de vida no final do estudo foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos de pacientes.OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of near-fatal asthma in a group of severe asthma patients, as well as the clinical characteristics and prognosis of these patients within a one-year follow-up period. METHODS: A prospective study involving 731 low-income patients with severe asthma treated at a

Incidence of leukemias in children from El Salvador and Mexico City between 1996 and 2000: Population-based data

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Bernáldez-Ríos Roberto

2005-04-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background There are very few studies that report the incidence of acute leukemias in children in Latin America. This work assesses the incidence of acute leukemias, between 1996 and 2000, in children from 0–14 years old who were attended at the Mexican Social Security Institute in Mexico City and in children from 0–11 years old in El Salvador. Methods Design: Population-based data. Hospitals: In San Salvador, El Salvador, Hospital Nacional de Niños "Benjamín Bloom", the only center in El Salvador which attends all children, younger than 12 years, with oncologic disease. The Pediatric Hospital and the General Hospital of the Mexican Social Security Institute in Mexico City, the only centers in Mexico City which attend all those children with acute leukemia who have a right to this service. Diagnosis: All patients were diagnosed by bone marrow smear and were divided into acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL, acute myeloid leukemia (AML, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML, and unspecified leukemias (UL. The annual incidence rate (AIR and average annual incidence rate (AAIR were calculated per million children. Cases were stratified by age and assigned to one of four age strata: 1 Results The number of cases was 375 and 238 in El Salvador and Mexico City, respectively. AAIRs in Mexico City were 44.9, 10.6, 2.5, 0.5, and 58.4 per million children for ALL, AML, CML, UL, and total leukemias, respectively. The AAIRs in El Salvador could not be calculated because the fourth age stratum in El Salvador included children only from 0–11 years old. The incidence rates for the Salvadoran group of 0–11 year olds were 34.2, 7.1, 0.6, 0.2, and 43.2 per million children for ALL, AML, CML, UL, and total leukemias, respectively. Conclusion Reported AIRs for each age group in El Salvador were similar to those from other American countries. The AAIR of ALL in Mexico City is one of the highest reported for North America.

THE TERRITORIAL FORMATION OF THE BAHIA WEST: THE ESTABLISHMENT OF “ALÉM SÃO FRANCISCO” (1827-1985

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Paulo Roberto Baqueiro Brandão

2010-07-01

Full Text Available This writing is intended to understand, from Historical Geography, the main aspects concerning the territorial formation of the West of Bahia, between the years 1827, when the Brazilian imperial government ordered the annexation of the region by the Province of Bahia to the detriment of Pernambuco, and 1985, the date that marked the introduction of techniques induce the agricultural modernization in this region. The main objective of this paper is therefore to identify the agents of production space and territorial dynamics that resulted in the formation of technical means in Western Bahia along the cut-space of 158 years.

Restrições e preferências alimentares em comunidades de pescadores do município de Conde, Estado da Bahia, Brasil Food avoidances and preferences among fishermen communities from the county of Conde, State of Bahia, Brazil

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Eraldo Medeiros COSTA-NETO

2000-08-01

Full Text Available Restrições e preferências de recursos pesqueiros por pescadores do município de Conde, Norte do estado da Bahia, são analisadas. Dados foram obtidos através de entrevistas abertas e semiestruturadas realizadas com 114 informantes de cinco comunidades. Peixes, moluscos, crustáceos, cetáceos e tartarugas marinhas são recursos disponíveis aos pescadores, que percebem aspectos marcantes desses animais no momento de considerá-los itens comestíveis. Peixes de "couro", como arraias e cações, são os mais evitados durante enfermidades, enquanto peixes "brancos", como os robalos, são as espécies mais preferidas. Muitos desses recursos são também usados na medicina popular local. O comportamento alimentar dos pescadores deveria ser levado em consideração no planejamento ambiental, em estudos de impacto ambiental e no manejo, conservação e monitoramento dos recursos pesqueiros.Fishing resources avoidances and preferences of fishermen from the county of Conde, in the North of the State of Bahia, are analyzed. Data were obtained through open-ended and semistructured interviews performed with 114 informants from five communities. Fish, mollusks, crustaceans, cetaceans and sea turtles are available resources for the fishermen. They perceive remarkable aspects of these animals when considering them as edible items. "Leather" fish such as rays and sharks are the most avoided during illnesses, and "white" fish such as snooks are the most preferred species. Many of these resources are also used in the local folk medicine. Fishermen's feeding behavior should be taken into account for the development planning and environmental assessment studies, as well as the management, conservation and monitoring procedures of fishing resources.

A LEXICAL ANALYSIS IN GALICIA AND IN BAHIA: DESIGNATIONS FOR ‘BALD’

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Cezar Alexandre Neri Santos

2016-12-01

Full Text Available This paper is part of a lexical research, providing an analysis of the semantic-lexical variation in Galician and Bahia areas and has as more latent benefit the comparison of data in Brazilian Portuguese and Galician, cognate languages within the linguistic genealogy. Thus, with regard to Galicia territory, the Atlas Lingüístico Galego will be analyzed (BLANCO; GARCIA; FERNÁNDEZ, 2005 and, with regard to Brazil, data from Bahia will be analyzed, recorded in Atlas Lingüístico de Sergipe (FERREIRA et al., 1987. The objective is to examine the linguistic designations for ‘bald’ in two biases: i semantic, providing the motive roots of name formation in the paradigmatic plane of language, understanding the language selection as a political-cultural act; ii lexicographical, checking whether these names are and how they are on historical and etymological, Portuguese and Latin Language dictionaries or not, as well as whether such lexicographical markings have meanings related to baldness. Through these Atlas it is intended to check the type of relationship that can be established between the lexicon for ‘bald’ in Galicia and in Bahia.

Aspectos macroepidemiológicos da esquistossomose mansônica: análise da relação da irrigação no perfil espacial da endemia no Estado da Bahia, Brasil

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Martins Jr. Davi Félix

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Estudos na África, de forma enfática, têm mostrado a associação entre a implantação de perímetros de irrigação e o aumento ou expansão da ocorrência esquistossomose mansônica ou hematóbica. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre a prática de irrigação no território do Estado da Bahia e a ocorrência e a difusão da infecção pelo Schistosoma mansoni. O desenvolvimento da irrigação no Estado da Bahia assume duas formas: a primeira é intensiva em capital e mecanizada, voltada para produção agrícola de exportação e necessitando de pouca mão-de-obra. Na segunda forma, caracteriza-se pelo baixo grau de mecanização e utilização intensiva de mão-de-obra. O estudo mostrou que os municípios com as maiores áreas irrigadas não são aqueles que registram as mais altas taxas de prevalência da infecção. Na maior parte desses municípios a irrigação é intensiva em termos de capital e tecnologia. Os achados concluem que diferentemente do observado na África, no Estado da Bahia, a irrigação tem tido pequena influência na definição do perfil espacial da endemia.

Association between leisure-time physical inactivity and hospital care in adult in the city of Salvador-Brasil

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Francisco José Gondim Pitanga

2008-12-01

Full Text Available Hospital inpatient care is a significant source of expense for the healthcare system. In this study the objectivewas to verify the existence of an association between physical inactivity during free time (IFTL and IHTC (hospital admissionsfor whatever cause, due to cardiac problems (IHPC and diabetes (IHD in adults in the city of Salvador in Brazil. Thiswas a cross-sectional study of a sample of 2290 adults ≥ 20 years of age, 1021 (44.6% being men. Subjects were definedas IFTL if they stated that they did not take part in physical activity during leisure time, while hospital admissions wereself-reported. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR between IFTL, IHTC, IHPC and IHDto a confidence interval of 95%. Multivariate analysis was then applied and detected an association between IFTL, IHTC,IHPC and IHD in men, while among the women there was only an association between IFTL and IHD. The results of thisstudy are of importance for public health, to the extent that they could be used to facilitate the management of programs toencourage participation in physical activities with a view to preventing hospital admissions and consequently to reducingthe costs to the health system.

Association between leisure-time physical inactivity and hospital care in adult in the city of Salvador-Brasil

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Francisco José Gondim Pitanga

2008-01-01

Hospital inpatient care is a significant source of expense for the healthcare system. In this study the objectivewas to verify the existence of an association between physical inactivity during free time (IFTL and IHTC (hospital admissions for whatever cause, due to cardiac problems (IHPC and diabetes (IHD in adults in the city of Salvador in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study of a sample of 2290 adults ≥ 20 years of age, 1021 (44.6% being men. Subjects were defined as IFTL if they stated that they did not take part in physical activity during leisure time, while hospital admissions were self-reported. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR between IFTL, IHTC, IHPC and IHD to a confidence interval of 95%. Multivariate analysis was then applied and detected an association between IFTL, IHTC, IHPC and IHD in men, while among the women there was only an association between IFTL and IHD. The results of this study are of importance for public health, to the extent that they could be used to facilitate the management of programs to encourage participation in physical activities with a view to preventing hospital admissions and consequently to reducing the costs to the health system.

Snakes of Cerrado localities in western Bahia, Brazil

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de Freitas, Marco; Colli, Guarino; Entiauspe-Neto, Omar; Trinchão, Luiz; Araújo, Daniel; Lima, Tiago; de França, Daniella; Gaiga, Renato; Dias, Pedro

2016-01-01

We present a list of snake species found in 10 municipalities in the Cerrado of western Bahia state, Brazil. One hundred and twenty individuals of 46 species from seven families were examined. We also present a new state record for the genus Phalotris Cope, 1862 and a candidate new species for the genus Thamnodynastes Wagler, 1830.

OCCCURENCE OF SHISTOSOMIASIS AND THE OTHERS INTESTINAL PARASITES IN CHILDREN AND TEENAGER OF A PUBLIC SCHOOL IN JEQUIÉ, BAHIA, BRASIL.

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Camila Pereira

2010-10-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to evaluate the enteroparasitoses infection prevalence, in which age group they prevail, relating the infection with the age of students attending a public school in Jequié, Bahia. The students were included in a health education program. 135 samples of feces were analyzed through the spontaneous sedimentation method. The enteroparasitoses prevalence was of 74,08%, being the most frequent enteroparasites: Schistosoma mansoni (44,44%, Trichuris trichiura (21,48%, Entamoeba coli (20,74%, Ascaris lumbricoides (16,30%, Entamoeba hystolitica/E. dispar (10,37, Endolimax nana (9,63%, Iodamoeba butshilii and Giardia lamblia (7,41, Ancilostomídeos (6,67%, Hymenolepias nana (4,44%, Enterobius vermicularis and Balantidium coli (0,74%. Polyparasitism was found in 45,19% of the samples. The age group from 13 to 15 years presented the highest prevalence, however there was no statistical difference amo conclude that it is necessary to monitor the health conditions of this population.

A descoberta e identificação do "Schistosoma Mansoni" por Pirajá da Silva, em 1908, na Bahia (Brasil

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Dr. Edgard de Cerqueira Falcão

1959-12-01

Full Text Available Começa o Autor analisando a observação de Bilharz, o descobridor do S. hisematobittm, o qual botou a presença de dois tipos de ovos espiculados de esquistossomof, parasitos do homem (dotados de acúleos lateral e terminal, na cavidade, uterina de um mesmo verme fêmea. Tal fato, verdadeira ilusão óptica microscópica, foi o ponto de partida para que os helmintologistas do Cairo, A. Lonas à frente, não quisessem aceitar a realidade da existência de duas espécies diferentes do trematóide, sugerida por Manson, em 1903. A seguir, apresenta o Autor a contribuição original do sábio brasileiro Pirajá da Silva, que veio a descobrir e identificar cabalmente a segunda espécie, criada por Sambou em 1907, com o nome de Schistosoma mansoni. Os estudos de P. da Silva ocorreram na Bahia, em 1908.

Incidence of leukemias in children from El Salvador and Mexico City between 1996 and 2000: Population-based data

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Mejía-Aranguré, Juan Manuel; Bonilla, Miguel; Lorenzana, Rodolpho; Juárez-Ocaña, Servando; de Reyes, Gladys; Pérez-Saldivar, María Luisa; González-Miranda, Guadalupe; Bernáldez-Ríos, Roberto; Ortiz-Fernández, Antonio; Ortega-Alvarez, Manuel; Martínez-García, María del Carmen; Fajardo-Gutiérrez, Arturo

2005-01-01

Abstract Background There are very few studies that report the incidence of acute leukemias in children in Latin America. This work assesses the incidence of acute leukemias, between 1996 and 2000, in children from 0–14 years old who were attended at the Mexican Social Security Institute in Mexico City and in children from 0–11 years old in El Salvador. Methods Design: Population-based data. Hospitals: In San Salvador, El Salvador, Hospital Nacional de Niños "Benjamín Bloom", the only center ...

En búsqueda de los salvadoreños en los Estados Unidos: contextualizando los datos etnográficos

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Milton Ricardo Machuca

2011-08-01

Full Text Available En este artículo presento una visión de conjunto de la literatura etnográfica sobre los salvadoreños en Estados Unidos. La migración salvadoreña a los Estados Unidos comienza a finales del siglo XIX, sin embargo los salvadoreños no llegan en masa a ese país hasta principios de la década de los ochenta, a principios de la guerra civil que duraría doce años (1980-1992. En las pasadas tres décadas, la literatura general sobre salvadoreños en Estados Unidos es extensa y cubre una amplia variedad de disciplinas. Muchos trabajos académicos estudian a los migrantes salvadoreños bajo la categoría de “centroamericanos”. Con el notable incremento de la migraciónsalvadoreña a los Estados Unidos a partir de 1980, se ha publicado un número significativo de etnografías sobre su experiencia migratoria en las pasadas dos décadas.En este artículo se discuten y comparan nueve de esos trabajos académicos. Estos trabajos tratan a los salvadoreños desde temas, tópicos y perspectivas particulares,los cuales incluyen inmigración y emigración, diáspora y transnacionalismo, cambios en relaciones de género, leyes migratorias estadounidenses y estatus migratorio,remesas y derecho al voto. A medida que los migrantes salvadoreños forjan nuevas redes de conexión e interacción social entre su país de origen y los Estados Unidos,los trabajos académicos buscan entender y teorizar sobre estos emergentes espaciostransnacionales.

Market study of pipe gas for the Bahia State, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1992-09-01

The energy market that will be conquered by the natural gas in Bahia State is identified, allowing measure the potentiality of gas industry and the gas supply, that the State will plead to the Federal Government. (C.G.C.)

La prensa en El Salvador: tolerancia al mejor postor

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Lic. Eric Lemus

2003-01-01

Full Text Available El periodismo salvadoreño en el año 2002 estuvo marcado por la presión política, empresarial y las agresiones a la prensa de parte de distintos actores. Una característica que parece afincarse en el trabajo de campo es el riesgo a reportear cualquier evento público. Sufrir el impacto de una bolsa con agua o un empellón puede suceder en cualquier evento público, desde una huelga de médicos hasta en una pelea de vendedores callejeros que protestan por su desalojo.¿La prensa salvadoreña sufre un problema de credibilidad o el respeto al derecho a informar no existe? Las encuestan todavía registran a los medios de comunicación, después de la Iglesia Católica, como uno de los sectores con mayor credibilidad en el país.

Viabilidade econômica da criação de pacas (Cuniculus paca L. em Presidente Tancredo Neves, Bahia = Economic feasibility of paca (Cuniculus paca L. farming in Presidente Tancredo Neves, Bahia

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Antônio Jorge Santos Silva Mattos

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Entre as espécies silvestres nativas de florestas tropicais, a paca (Cuniculus paca L. apresenta grande potencial para exploração comercial; no entanto, no Brasil, a sua produção continua sendo considerada como nicho de mercado. O presente trabalho objetivou analisar a viabilidade econômica de um criadouro comercial de paca sob três cenários distintos: Cenário 1 (animais nascidos em cativeiro, consumindo alimentos adquiridos em comércio e ração comercial, Cenário 2 (início com animais legalmente capturados alimentando-se com resíduos de frutas, ração e coprodutos da mandioca e Cenário 3 (mesmas premissas do Cenário 2, mas com autorização de manejo ocorrendo com dois anos de antecedência. Os cenários foram estudados para o município de Presidente Tancredo Neves, Bahia, Brasil. Foi elaborado o fluxo de caixa e analisado o Valor Presente Líquido [VPL], Taxa Interna de Retorno [TIR], Payback simples e Payback descontado para todos os cenários estudados. O fator alimentação fez com que os custos variáveis dos Cenários 2 e 3 fossem reduzidos em aproximadamente 76% em comparação ao Cenário 1. O cenário 1 apresentou fluxo de caixa inviável, enquanto que os Cenários 2 e 3 foram viáveis, porém com baixa rentabilidade e liquidez. O VPL do Cenário 2 foi quase 20% superior ao do Cenário 3, onde foi observado maior impacto do aumento do número de pacas no plantel, em comparação à tramitação burocrática, sobre os indicadores econômicos estudados.= Considering the native rainforests wildlife, paca (Cuniculus paca L. has a great potential for commercial exploitation, however its production is a market niche in Brazil. The objective of this study was to analyze the financial feasibility of paca farming in three distinct scenarios: Scenario 1 (captive animals, fed with purchased fruits and commercial ration; Scenario 2 (animals legally caught, fed with commercial ration, fruits and cassava co-products and; Scenario 3

Dimensions of child punishment in two Central American countries: Guatemala and El Salvador.

Science.gov (United States)

Speizer, Ilene S; Goodwin, Mary M; Samandari, Ghazaleh; Kim, Shin Y; Clyde, Maureen

2008-04-01

Severe physical punishment of children is an important issue in international child health and welfare. This study examines such punishment in Guatemala and El Salvador. Data came from nationally representative surveys of women aged 15-49 and men aged 15-59 residing in Guatemala (2002) and El Salvador (2002-2003). The surveys included questions about punishment experienced during childhood, with response options ranging from verbal scolding to beating. In Guatemala, parents were asked how they disciplined their children; questions allowed them to compare how they were punished in their childhood with how they punished their own children. Bivariate and multivariate analyses are presented. In Guatemala, 35% of women and 46% of men reported being beaten as punishment in childhood; in El Salvador, the figures were 42% and 62%, respectively. In both countries, older participants were relatively more likely than younger participants to have been beaten as children. Witnessing familial violence was associated with an increased risk of being beaten in childhood. In Guatemala, having experienced physical punishment as a child increased the chance that parents would use physical punishment on their own children. Multivariate analyses revealed that women who were beaten in childhood were significantly more likely in both countries to be in a violent relationship. The use of beating to physically punish children is a common problem in Guatemala and El Salvador, with generational and intergenerational effects. Its negative and lingering effects necessitate the introduction of policies and programs to decrease this behavior.

Estigma e violências no trato com a loucura: narrativas de centros de atenção psicossocial, Bahia e Sergipe Estigma y violencias en el trato con la locura: narrativas de centros de atención psicosocial, Bahia y Sergipe (Noreste de Brasil Stigma and violence in dealing with madness: narratives from psychosocial care centers in Bahia and Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil

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Mônica Nunes

2009-08-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Analisar processos de estigmatização e modalidades de violência vividos por portadores de transtornos mentais. MÉTODOS: Estudo qualitativo baseado em entrevistas individuais com usuários e grupos focais com familiares e profissionais de cinco centros de atenção psicossocial, nos municípios de Itaberaba, Lauro de Freitas, Salvador e Vitória da Conquista (BA e em Aracaju (SE, em 2006-2007. As categorias de análise foram construídas com base no conceito de estigma proposto por Goffman e foram sistematizadas quatro tipos de violência: interpessoal, institucional, simbólica e estrutural. RESULTADOS: Usuários e familiares relataram exemplos de desqualificações, repreensões, constrangimentos, humilhações, negligência e agressões físicas, com fins de dominação, exploração e opressão. Profissionais referiram que pessoas que sofrem transtornos mentais permanecem como alvo de preconceitos arraigados e naturalizados na cultura. A principal conseqüência foi a manutenção do isolamento, da vida social como forma de "tratamento" ou como atitude excludente manifestada por reações discriminatórias, que se apresentam como rejeição, indiferença e agressividade verbal ou física. CONCLUSÕES: As variadas formas de expressão do estigma denotam uma situação sociocultural de violências contra os portadores de transtornos mentais. Propõe-se a constituição de observatórios estaduais capazes de planejar e avaliar contra-ações às estigmatizações.OBJETIVO: Analizar procesos de estigmatización y modalidades de violencia vividos por portadores de trastornos mentales. MÉTODOS: Estudio cualitativo basado en entrevistas individuales con usuarios y grupos focales con familiares y profesionales de cinco centros de atención psicosocial, en los municipios de Itaberaba, Lauro de Freitas, Salvador, Vitória da Conquista y Aracaju (Noreste de Brasil, en 2006-2007. Las categorías de análisis fueron construidas con base en

Methodological Aspects of Architectural Documentation

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Arivaldo Amorim

2011-12-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the methodological approach that is being developed in the state of Bahia in Brazil since 2003, in architectural and urban sites documentation, using extensive digital technologies. Bahia has a vast territory with important architectural ensembles ranging from the sixteenth century to present day. As part of this heritage is constructed of raw earth and wood, it is very sensitive to various deleterious agents. It is therefore critical document this collection that is under threats. To conduct those activities diverse digital technologies that could be used in documentation process are being experimented. The task is being developed as an academic research, with few financial resources, by scholarship students and some volunteers. Several technologies are tested ranging from the simplest to the more sophisticated ones, used in the main stages of the documentation project, as follows: work overall planning, data acquisition, processing and management and ultimately, to control and evaluate the work. The activities that motivated this paper are being conducted in the cities of Rio de Contas and Lençóis in the Chapada Diamantina, located at 420 km and 750 km from Salvador respectively, in Cachoeira city at Recôncavo Baiano area, 120 km from Salvador, the capital of Bahia state, and at Pelourinho neighbourhood, located in the historic capital. Part of the material produced can be consulted in the website: < www.lcad.ufba.br>.

Sistema de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes/VIVA e a notificação da violência infanto-juvenil, no Sistema Único de Saúde/SUS de Feira de Santana-Bahia, Brasil

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Camila dos Santos Souza

2014-03-01

Full Text Available O estudo tem como objetivo analisar os dados de crianças e adolescentes vítimas das distintas formas de violência, registrados no Sistema de Vigilância de Violências e Acidentes/VIVA/MS, de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil. Utilizou-se o total de registros, desde a implantação do Sistema VIVA no município (01/2009 a 01/2011, cujas análises buscaram associações entre características das violências e perfis de vítimas e agressores. Os resultados mostraram que crianças e adolescentes foram molestados por diversas violências; com uso de força corporal, ameaça verbal e armas; ocorrência de lesões corporais diversas; aproximadamente 35% foram hospitalizados e 15% evoluíram a óbito; a violência física apresentou maior frequência no sexo masculino, nas faixas da adolescência, ocorrência em ambiente domiciliar e causado por familiar; a violência sexual ocorreu com maior proporção no sexo feminino, nas faixas da infância, 55,5% das ocorrências foram em nível domiciliar, sendo mais frequentemente perpetrada por conhecidos e familiares. Os resultados sugerem a importância de investimentos em políticas e programas de prevenção e redução de danos, buscando ampliar a cobertura no atendimento e aprimoramento do Sistema de Informação e levantamento desses indicadores.

Geochemical evaluation of marginal basins in the south of Bahia state, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gaglianone, P.C.; Trindade, L.A.F.; Nascimento, M.M. do

1987-01-01

Geochemical analyses were performed on more than 700 rock samples and 4 oil samples, from Mucuri, Cumuruxatiba and Jequitinhonha basins, offshore Bahia state, Brazil. The methods employed in this study includes the evaluation of organic carbon contents, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, vitrinite reflectance, carbon isotopes, assessment of oils and extrats by liquid and gas chromatography and gas chromatography - spectrometry. Three main source rock systems have been identified in offshore Bahia: the Mucuri shales from Rio da Serra and Aratu Stages lower Neocomian related to a lacustrine fresh water environment; the Jiquia shales (Upper Neocomian) deposited in a lacustrine saline water environment, and the Alagoas Shales related to an evaporitic environment of Aptian age. (author) [pt

Detecção de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em suínos criados e abatidos no Estado da Bahia, Brasil Detection anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in swines bred and abated in the Bahia State, Brazil

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Rodrigo A. Bezerra

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se verificar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em suínos criados e abatidos no Estado da Bahia. Foram coletadas e examinadas 465 amostras de sangue de suínos provenientes de criações de diferentes locais desse estado. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-T. gondii, foi utilizada a técnica de Imunoadsorção Enzimática (ELISA e considerados positivos todos os animais com títulos iguais ou maiores que 1:16. Desses, 18,27% (85/465 foram positivos para anticorpos anti-T. gondii, sendo 30,76% (24/78 em Ilhéus, 18,10% (21/116 em Itabuna e 14,76% (40/271 em Simões Filho. Foram observadas diferenças significativas quanto ao sexo dos animais (p = 0,0171, ao sistema de criação (p = 0,0002 e à procedência dos animais (p = 0,0278 no município de Itabuna. Anticorpos anti-T. gondii foram encontrados nos animais estudados, podendo ser estes animais fonte de infecção para a população humana local.This study was performed to verify the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in swine raised and slaughtered in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Four hundred sixty five swine blood samples from farms of different cities had been collected and examined. Anti-T. gondii antibodies was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA and considered positive all the animals with equal or bigger headings than 1:16. From these, 18.27% (85/465 of total sample were positive for T. gondii, 30.76% (24 in Ilhéus, 18.10% (21/116 in Itabuna and 14.76% (40/271 in Simões Filho. Significant differences were observed regarding animal sex (p = 0.0171, raising system (p = 0.0002 and origin of the animals (p = 0.0278 in the city of Itabuna. The occurrence of anti-T. gondii antibodies shows that swine can be a source of infection for the local human population.

New seismic sources parameterization in El Salvador. Implications to seismic hazard.

Science.gov (United States)

Alonso-Henar, Jorge; Staller, Alejandra; Jesús Martínez-Díaz, José; Benito, Belén; Álvarez-Gómez, José Antonio; Canora, Carolina

2014-05-01

El Salvador is located at the pacific active margin of Central America, here, the subduction of the Cocos Plate under the Caribbean Plate at a rate of ~80 mm/yr is the main seismic source. Although the seismic sources located in the Central American Volcanic Arc have been responsible for some of the most damaging earthquakes in El Salvador. The El Salvador Fault Zone is the main geological structure in El Salvador and accommodates 14 mm/yr of horizontal displacement between the Caribbean Plate and the forearc sliver. The ESFZ is a right lateral strike-slip fault zone c. 150 km long and 20 km wide .This shear band distributes the deformation among strike-slip faults trending N90º-100ºE and secondary normal faults trending N120º- N170º. The ESFZ is relieved westward by the Jalpatagua Fault and becomes less clear eastward disappearing at Golfo de Fonseca. Five sections have been proposed for the whole fault zone. These fault sections are (from west to east): ESFZ Western Section, San Vicente Section, Lempa Section, Berlin Section and San Miguel Section. Paleoseismic studies carried out in the Berlin and San Vicente Segments reveal an important amount of quaternary deformation and paleoearthquakes up to Mw 7.6. In this study we present 45 capable seismic sources in El Salvador and their preliminary slip-rate from geological and GPS data. The GPS data detailled results are presented by Staller et al., 2014 in a complimentary communication. The calculated preliminary slip-rates range from 0.5 to 8 mm/yr for individualized faults within the ESFZ. We calculated maximum magnitudes from the mapped lengths and paleoseismic observations.We propose different earthquakes scenario including the potential combined rupture of different fault sections of the ESFZ, resulting in maximum earthquake magnitudes of Mw 7.6. We used deterministic models to calculate acceleration distribution related with maximum earthquakes of the different proposed scenario. The spatial distribution of

New species of Cyclodontina from Bahia, Brazil (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Odontostomidae

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Rodrigo B. Salvador

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A new species of pulmonate snail was recently collected in a small forest fragment in the city of Bom Jesus da Lapa, Bahia state, Brazil. Bahia is known for a high diversity of land snails and Bom Jesus da Lapa is an interesting locality, since it is close to the interface between two major Brazilian biomes: Cerrado and Caatinga. The new species is described as Cyclodontina tapuia sp. nov. and can be easily identified by its brown shell, conical spire, convex whorls, a sculpture comprised of strong ribs, and an aperture with four barriers: a median parietal tooth, a median palatal tooth, a median basal tooth and a strong columellar lamella. This discovery is also a reminder of how little the Brazilian continental molluscan fauna is known and of the urgency in studying and preserving the rich (though usually overlooked fauna of the Caatinga.

Las migraciones internacionales y sus efectos económicos en El Salvador

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Rivera Funes, Oscar Francisco

2005-01-01

Full Text Available Se plantearán aspectos relacionados a los flujos migratorios sucedidos en El Salvador, desde la década de los años setentas y cómo se intensificó en el decenio de 1980, como consecuencia del guerra interna. Se utilizaron algunos estudios realizados por el Dr. Segundo Montes de la Universidad Centroamericana Simeón Cañas (UCA, y se determinará hacia donde migraron principalmente esos grupos de población. Luego se tomará de referencia los datos del Banco Central de Reserva de El Salvador (BCR, para conocer cómo han crecido los montos en dólares recibidos a través de las remesas familiares y el impacto que tienen en la economía, comparándolo con otros ingresos que percibe el país como son las exportaciones. Finalmente se plantearán los resultados obtenidos en un estudio realizado por la Asociación Salvadoreña de Investigación y Promoción Económica y Social (ASIPES que tenía como objetivo evaluar el monto de las remesas recibidas por los miembros de las familia salvadoreña e identificar los usos y destinos de esas remesas, sus características y sus alternativas productivas. Cabe mencionar que este estudio se realizó a través de encuestas ejecutadas en los municipios que de acuerdo a la Encuesta de hogares de propósitos múltiples reciben mayores cantidades de remesas familiar. También se evaluará el impacto que tienen las remesas familiares, principalmente en los hogares pobres.

Acessibilidade geográfica à atenção primária à saúde em distrito sanitário do município de Salvador, Bahia The geographical accessibility of primary health care in a sanitary district of the municipality Salvador, in the Brazilian State of Bahia

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Evanildo Souza da Silva Júnior

2010-11-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: avaliar a acessibilidade geográfica à atenção primária à saúde da população coberta pelos Programa de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (PACS e Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF de um distrito sanitário de Salvador. MÉTODOS: estudo avaliativo transversal. Os dados foram coletados a partir de entrevistas realizadas junto aos profissionais das onze equipes de PACS e PSF. A análise dos dados contemplou duas dimensões: acesso da população e lógica de territorialização. RESULTADOS: o distrito apresentava relevo bastante acidentado e todas as equipes informaram a existência de barreiras geográficas na área, em especial escadarias, morros e ladeiras. Não foi observada diferença significativa na acessibilidade às equipes de PACS e PSF. O processo de territorialização esteve dissociado da concepção de território-processo. Algumas áreas de abrangência das equipes situavam-se em locais afastados das UBS, constituindo-se em importante barreira ao acesso da população. CONCLUSÕES: o processo de implantação da estratégia PACS/PSF no distrito e o modelo de territorialização adotado não atenderam aos princípios que devem nortear a organização da atenção primária à saúde, resultando em restrições na acessibilidade geográfica da população coberta. Recomenda-se que seja realizada uma revisão do desenho atual da territorialização, visando uma melhor adequação às diretrizes do PSF e à promoção de uma maior acessibilidade à atenção primária.OBJECTIVES: to assess the geographical accessibility of primary health care for the population served by the Community Health Agents Program (PACS and the Family Health Program (PSF in one sanitary district in the city of Salvador, Brazil. METHODS: a evaluative cross-sectional study was carried out. The data were collected using interviews with health workers from the eleven PACS and PSF teams. Analysis of the data took two factors into account: access of

The Peace Processes of Colombia and El Salvador: A Comparative Study

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Gantiva, Diego

1997-01-01

Colombia and El Salvador, two Latin American countries, have developed similar counterinsurgency processes and started similar processes of peace negotiations between the insurgent armies and the forces of order...

Aspectos psicossociais do trabalho e dor musculoesquelética em professores Psychosocial work-related factors and musculoskeletal pain among schoolteachers

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Jefferson Paixão Cardoso

2011-08-01

Full Text Available Investigou-se a associação entre aspectos psicossociais do trabalho e queixas de dor musculoesquelética (DME em professores. Um estudo censitário de corte transversal investigou 4.496 professores da rede municipal de ensino infantil e fundamental de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Informações sobre queixas de dor musculoesquelética em membros superiores, membros inferiores e dorso (variáveis dependentes, categorias do Modelo Demanda-Controle (variáveis independentes e covariáveis foram coletadas num questionário padronizado autoaplicável. Análises de regressão logística multivariada revelaram que professores com trabalho de alta exigência apresentaram prevalência de DME mais elevada e professores em baixa exigência, prevalência mais baixa, em cada um dos três segmentos corporais estudados. Professores em trabalho ativo apresentaram prevalência de DME mais elevada do que professores em trabalho de baixa exigência, em membros superiores e dorso. Maiores taxas de prevalência de DME associaram-se à maior demanda psicológica nos três segmentos corporais e ao baixo controle sobre o trabalho em membros superiores, apenas.This study aimed to investigate the association between work-related psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal pain (MP among primary schoolteachers in the public school system in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. A cross-sectional epidemiological study included all 4,496 teachers from the system. A self-applied mail questionnaire was used to collect information on complaints of musculoskeletal pain in the upper limbs, lower limbs, and back (dependent variables, demand-control model quadrants (independent variables, and covariables. Multivariate logistic regression showed that teachers in high-stress jobs presented the highest MP rates, and that those with low-stress jobs had the lowest rates in all three body segments. Teachers in active jobs presented higher MP rates than those in low-stress jobs, particularly in the

Critical analysis of the PETROBRAS monopoly end - particularities of the Bahia state, Brazil; Uma analise critica do fim do monopolio da PETROBRAS - particularidades para o Estado da Bahia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cerqueira, Alexandre B.; Ribeiro, Bradson F. [Bahia Univ., Salvador, BA (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Quimica. Curso de Especializacao em Engenharia do Gas Natural; Rocha, Georges S. [Centro Federal de Tecnologia da Bahia, Salvador, BA (Brazil)

2005-07-01

The Agencia Nacional de Petroleo - ANP - created in 1997 by the petroleum law has the role of regulating oil and natural gas industry activities in Brazil inciting the power self-sufficiency. The petroleum law states the end of petroleum exploration monopoly in Brazil performed by PETROBRAS. Between 1998 and 2004 ANP carried out six bid rounds in brazilian sedimentary basins offered to national and foreign companies. The exploratory activities in Bahia are resulting in commercial discoveries and positive impact to local economy. The petrochemical industry expects the startup of Manati field operation to supply repressed demand of natural gas as fuel and raw material. This article analyzes the legal and institutional processes and economics performances of these activities in Bahia's state. (author)

Pitiose em ovinos nos estados de Pernambuco e Bahia Pythiosis in sheep from Pernambuco and Bahia States, Brazil

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Manuel V. Carrera

2013-04-01

Full Text Available A pitiose é uma doença infecciosa causada pelo oomiceto aquático P. insidiosum que acomete animais e o homem, especialmente habitantes de áreas úmidas. A enfermidade apresenta como característica principal a formação de lesões com aspecto granulomatoso nos hospedeiros. Neste trabalho, relatou-se a ocorrência da pitiose em ovinos nos estados de Pernambuco (PE e Bahia (BA, Nordeste do Brasil, bem como foi avaliada a eficácia de um imunoterápico frente a esta enfermidade. Amostras de sangue de 53 ovinos foram coletadas, sendo 49 animais oriundos de propriedades localizadas em PE e quatro animais provenientes da BA. Sete ovinos demonstraram sinais clínicos de pitiose ovina. Um dos animais foi submetido à eutanásia e sua cabeça e linfonodo submandibular foram coletados e enviados para análises laboratoriais. Seis ovinos foram submetidos à imunoterapia, sendo mantidos nas instalações do setor de ovinocultura da Univasf/Petrolina-PE durante o tratamento. As técnicas de ELISA, cultura fúngica e reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR foram utilizadas como métodos diagnósticos da pitiose ovina, sendo eficientes para confirmação dos casos clínicos no rebanho. Ao exame microscópico do material coletado da cavidade nasal de um animal eutanasiado, observou-se uma área focalmente extensa de necrose com presença de infiltrado difuso de neutrófilos íntegros e degenerados margeando a cartilagem. Somente um animal apresentou cura clínica, indicando uma eficiência no tratamento da pitiose de 16,7% (1/6. O aumento de casos de pitiose tem sido denotado em diversos municípios de PE e da BA. Neste contexto, o emprego do imunoterápico pode ser uma alternativa a ser pesquisada. Portanto, estudos futuros devem ser realizados para investigar o efeito da imunoterapia aplicada à pitiose em ovinos.Pythiosis is a devastating infectious disease caused by an aquatic oomycete, Pythium insidioum, and affects animals and humans that inhabit

[On the founders of the Institute of Mathematics and Physics, University of Bahia].

Science.gov (United States)

Dias, A L

The reduced number of female students of mathematics at the University of Bahia School of Philosophy (Faculdade de Filosofia, Universidade da Bahia - FF/UBa) is quite surprising. To date, they are concentrated in areas traditionally viewed as feminine whereas men predominate in the mathematical fields. I have examined interview data from a few women who graduated in mathematics and went on to teach at the University of Bahia School of Mathematics (Faculdade de Filosofia - FF) and at the Institute of Mathematics and Physics (Instituto de Matemática e Física - IMF), where they were soon to outnumber men and constitute the majority of the mathematics teaching staff. In this study, I have investigated the course of their careers over time: from their early student days, through their time as teaching assistants and professors, and finally as founders of the Institute of Mathematics and Physics, in 1960. Special reference is made to Martha Maria de Souza Dantas, organizer of the I Brazilian Conference on Mathematics Teaching, an event which has provided the groundwork for what was to become the Institute (IMF); and to Arlete Cerqueira Lima, the mastermind behind its creation.

Diversidade genética de Xylella fastidiosa em regiões produtoras de citros na Bahia

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Vinicius Oliveira Casais

2014-01-01

Full Text Available O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, por meio de marcadores SSR, a diversidade genética de Xylella fastidiosa no Estado da Bahia. Foram estudadas duas das principais regiões produtoras de citros no Estado, o Litoral Norte e o Recôncavo Sul. Para fins comparativos, utilizaram-se dez amostras provenientes do Estado de São Paulo. Foram empregados os seguintes iniciadores: ASSR20, OSSR9, OSSR17, CSSR4, CSSR12 e CSSR20, dos quais os quatro últimos permitiram identificar 22 loci polimórficos. As populações de X. fastidiosa presentes em citros no Estado da Bahia apresentam elevada diversidade genética, com base nos marcadores SSR, com pools gênicos distintos e agrupamento geográfico. No Litoral Norte, as populações do isolado apresentam maior diversidade genética do que as da região do Recôncavo Sul da Bahia.

Experience of electric power conservation in COELBA (Bahia Electric Company)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bastos, A.C.F.

1990-01-01

The electric power crisis of Brazilian north-east in 1987 imposes the Bahia Electric Company-COELBA to management a electric power conservation. The institutional, organizational and operational aspects are presented, including the tariff system, the market, the consumption and the relation with public. (author)

Risk and the neoliberal state: why post-Mitch lessons didn't reduce El Salvador's earthquake losses.

Science.gov (United States)

Wisner, B

2001-09-01

Although El Salvador suffered light losses from Hurricane Mitch in 1998, it benefited from the increased international aid and encouragement for advance planning, especially mitigation and prevention interventions. Thus, one would have supposed, El Salvador would have been in a very advantageous position, able more easily than its economically crippled neighbours, Honduras and Nicaragua, to implement the 'lessons of Mitch'. A review of the recovery plan tabled by the El Salvador government following the earthquakes of early 2001 shows that despite the rhetoric in favour of 'learning the lessons of Mitch', very little mitigation and prevention had actually been put in place between the hurricane (1998) and the earthquakes (2001). The recovery plan is analysed in terms of the degree to which it deals with root causes of disaster vulnerability, namely, the economic and political marginality of much of the population and environmental degradation. An explanation for the failure to implement mitigation and preventive actions is traced to the adherence by the government of El Salvador to an extreme form of neoliberal, free market ideology, and the deep fissures and mistrust in a country that follow a long and bloody civil war.

[Evaluation of Brazilian public policies to promote food security and fight hunger, 1995-2002. 2 - the Workers' Nutrition Program].

Science.gov (United States)

Pacheco Santos, Leonor Maria; Nazaré Araújo, Maria da Purificação; Martins, Maísa Cruz; Veloso, Iracema Santos; Assunção, Marilena Pacheco; Chaves dos Santos, Sandra Maria

2007-08-01

This study evaluated the Workers' Nutrition Program in Brazil from 1995 to 2002, from a structure-process-results perspective. The methodology involved documental research and a case study in 45 municipalities in the State of Bahia, resulting in 2,389 household interviews. In relation to structure, we analyzed the program's normative evolution until 2002. As for nutritional recommendations, the program shifted from insufficient calorie supply in the 1980s to a positive association between overweight and employment in companies adopting the Workers' Nutrition Program. In Bahia, overall program coverage was insufficient among the 5,120 adults 20 years or older who were interviewed. A significant difference was observed in access to food benefits among workers in the interior of the State (6.1%) as compared to the State capital, Salvador (26.1%). However, targeting was adequate: all workers benefiting from the program in the interior and 92.4% of those in Salvador earned less than five times the minimum wage (approximately US dollars 950/month). It is necessary to improve the program's coverage in the target population in order to raise workers' awareness about their rights and the actions developed by the program.

Geothermal energy prospecting in El Salvador

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Balcazar, M.; Flores, J.H.; Gonzalez, E.; Ortega, M.

1993-01-01

Geochronological and geological studies carried out in El Salvador C. A., located a production geothermal zone to the north of the volcanic belt, in a region named Ahuachapan-Chipilapa. Hydrothermal activity and geochemical analysis indicate the existence of active geothermal faults aligned to the directions South-North and Northwest-Southeast. Radon mapping in that region covered a total of 8.7 km 2 where plastic detectors were placed 200 m apart. Results confirmed the existence of active faults and two producing geothermal wells were located. (author)

HIV and STI control in El Salvador: results from an integrated behavioural survey among men who have sex with men.

Science.gov (United States)

Creswell, Jacob; Guardado, Maria Elena; Lee, Janet; Nieto, Ana Isabel; Kim, Andrea A; Monterroso, Edgar; Paz-Bailey, Gabriela

2012-12-01

This cross-sectional study investigates HIV, other sexually transmitted infections (STI), and risk behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) in two cities in El Salvador. Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit MSM in the cities of San Salvador and San Miguel, El Salvador. Participants responded to questions about HIV risk behaviours; and blood, urine and anal swabs were collected. Blood samples were tested for herpes simplex type 2, syphilis and HIV infection. Urine and anal samples were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Mycoplasma genitalium. HIV-positive samples were tested with the BED capture enzyme immunoassay to distinguish recent from longstanding HIV infection. We estimated population-adjusted prevalence of behavioural variables, STI and HIV, and identified risk factors for HIV. The final sample included 596 and 195 MSM in San Salvador and San Miguel, respectively. Consistent condom use was low across all partner types as was recent HIV testing. RDS-adjusted HIV prevalence was 10.8% (95% CI 7.4% to 14.7%) in San Salvador, and 8.8% (95% CI 4.2% to 14.5%) in San Miguel. The proportion of recent testing among HIV-positive samples was 20%. Prevalence of any bacterial STI by PRC testing was 12.7% (95% CI 8.2% to 17.5%) in San Salvador, and 9.6% (95% CI 4.9% to 15.4%) in San Miguel. We found a high prevalence of HIV, high levels of recent infection, and low condom usage. In El Salvador, targeted interventions towards MSM are needed to promote condom use, as well as to diagnose, treat and prevent HIV and other STIs.

Geophysical studies of ilmenite and monazite placers in Itaparica island - Bahia State

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cerqueira Neto, J.X.

1976-01-01

A ground scintillometric survey along the southern shores of the island of Itaparica, Bahia, Brazil, discovered numerous anomalies. Detailed geophysical and sedimentological studies proved that the major anomaly is due to an ilmenite placer deposit. A comparison of the field geophysical measurements (ground scintillometry, magnetics and induced polarization) with the laboratory samples suggests the following: i) Ground scintillometry is suitable for locating and delineating such placer deposits. ii) Induced polarization is useful to investigate the deposit at depth. iii) Magnetic surveys were not particularly useful in spite of the high ilmenite concentration, thus they do not appear to be a helpful survey tool in this case. A more extensive prospecting program in the Brazilian coastal areas particularly in the State of Bahia are also proposed. (author)

A estruturação do mercado de terra urbana e habitação em Salvador-Ba a partir de 1970

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Cristóvão Brito

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Neste texto busca-se examinar o desenvolvimento do processo de reprodução do espaço residencial urbano na cidade de Salvador a partir da estruturação do mercado de terras urbanas organizado pelas ações dos agentes sociais envolvidos com o mercado imobiliário local. A discussão sobre a especulação fundiária e suas implicações na reprodução e organização do espaço urbano torna-se um fato sempre atual, pois está diretamente associada às questões dos elevados custos financeiros referentes à implantação e manutenção da infra-estrutura urbana; do não menos importante déficit habitacional estimado, que em 1950 era de 16.539 habitações e em 2000 já atinge 91.170 habitações das quais, no último período, 98,8% são demandadas por famílias das camadas sociais de renda de até três salários mínimos; e ainda a todas as precariedades das áreas residenciais periféricas. Abstract The present text tries to examine the development of the urban residential space reproduction in the city of Salvador, Bahia, from the structuring of the urban lands market, organized through the actions of the social agents involved with the local real state market. The discussion on the agrarian speculation and its implications in the reproduction and organization of the urban space becomes an always current fact, since it is directly associated with the issue of the high financial costs referring to the implantation and maintenance of the urban infrastructure; of the not less important inhabitation deficit esteemed, that in 1950 was of 16.539 habitations and in 2000 already reaches 91,170 habitations, of which, in the last period, 98.8% are demanded by families of the social classes of income of up to three minimum wages; and yet to all the precariousness of the peripheral residential areas.

O cotidiano do cuidado infantil em comunidades rurais do Estado da Bahia: uma abordagem qualitativa Day-to-day child care in rural communities in the State of Bahia, Brazil: a qualitative approach

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Micheli Dantas Soares

2008-12-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVOS: compreender as experiências e sentidos do cuidado infantil, por quem o agencia no espaço doméstico. MÉTODOS: foi utilizado o aporte teórico oriundo da fenomenologia na análise e interpretação dos textos extraídos das entrevistas semi-estruturadas, realizadas com as responsáveis por prover o cuidado no espaço das 10 unidades domésticas escolhidas, na sua totalidade composta por mulheres. A investigação sobre cuidado infantil foi realizada no município de Caldas de Cipó, Bahia, Brasil. RESULTADOS: entre as várias dimensões do cuidado infantil, o alimentar constitui-se como uma das principais preocupações das agentes, sobretudo pela condição de pobreza em que as mesmas vivem. A garantia da comida conforma o elemento chave do cuidado alimentar. As experiências do cuidar, informadas pelas agentes, dialogam não só com as suas situações biográficas, como também com relações que guardam com o mundo cotidiano, num tempo e espaço particularizados. CONCLUSÕES: pelo sentido existencial que caracteriza o cuidado, os resultados deste estudo sugerem um novo enfoque na condução das políticas e ações de educação em saúde para as mulheres cuidadoras.OBJECTIVES: understand the experience and the meaning of child care for those who practice it in the home. METHODS: a phenomenological theoretical approach was used to analyze and interpret extracts from semi-structured interviews conducted with those responsible for the child care in 10 households in the city of Caldas de Cipó, in the State of Bahia, Brazil. RESULTS: of the various aspects of the child care, nutrition was the one of greatest concern to interviewees, given the conditions of poverty in which they live. The provision of food supplies is a key element of nutrition. The nature of the caring experience was connected not only with the personal history of the individual but also with their relationship to the day-to-day world of a particular time and space

Pouzolzia saxophila sp. nov. (Urticaceae tribe Boehmerieae) from Bahia, Brazil

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wilmot-Dear, Christine Melanie; Friis, Ib; Monro, Alex K.

2015-01-01

of xerophytic scrub vegetation on rocky outcrops in the Boa Nova National Park, Bahia, Brazil. The new species is somewhat similar to P. pringlei, a Mexican endemic, and to P. amambaiensis from the Brazil–Paraguay border, but also to the widespread Asiatic P. zeylanica. However, the similarities...

Metodologia de pesquisas na internet: breves considerações sobre uma pesquisa qualitativa em turismo nas redes sociais

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Fernanda Meneses de Miranda Castro

2015-08-01

Full Text Available Este artigo teve por objetivo apresentar o percurso metodológico de uma pesquisa que pretendeu analisar a contribuição das redes sociais que são utilizadas pelos órgãos responsáveis pela promoção do turismo de Salvador para a construção de uma imagem competitiva do destino. Com o surgimento da comunicação virtual surgiram novas propostas de pesquisa que tentassem desvendar esse ambiente e ainda não existe um método que seja considerado mais adequado para o alcance dos objetivos, cabendo ao pesquisador a tarefa de selecionar métodos e técnicas que mais se ajustem à proposta de pesquisa. Neste trabalho optou-se pela utilização do método sociológico e pelas técnicas de análise das redes sociais, iconologia e análise de conteúdo. Apresentou-se também breves resultados da pesquisa empírica, realizada entre agosto de 2013 a agosto de 2014, onde acompanhou-se as publicações referentes ao destino Salvador da página da rede social Facebook da Bahiatursa e da Salvador-Bahia. Os resultados indicaram que apesar de Salvador ser o destino âncora da Bahia, a promoção digital ainda não alcançou resultados expressivos. Indicaram também que os métodos e técnicas escolhidos atenderam ao objetivo proposto e que pesquisas científicas na Internet requerem do pesquisador uma análise contextual pormenorizada. A depender do objeto e objetivos de estudo, a escolha e o percurso metodológico são diferenciados, não havendo uma indicação conceitual priorizada.

Security in Transition: Police Reform in El Salvador and South Africa

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

Desilets-Bixler, Nicole

2002-01-01

This thesis studies police reform in El Salvador and South Africa. While both countries differ considerably in geographic size culture location population and economic and military strength they share common security concerns...

Uso de drogas en estudiantes universitarios y su relación con el maltrato durante la niñez en una universidad de San Salvador, El Salvador

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Eduardo Alfredo Martínez Díaz

2015-01-01

Full Text Available El objetivo del estudio fue examinar la relación entre el uso de drogas en estudiantes universitarios de una universidad en San Salvador y su relación con el maltrato durante la niñez. Este estudio fue de corte transversal, siendo el tamaño de la muestra de 272 estudiantes, con un error muestral del 5%. Los resultados más importantes fueron: el 6.6% de los estudiantes manifestó haber sufrido abuso sexual, el 24.6% abuso físico y el mismo porcentaje fue reportado para el abuso verbal mientras que el 12.9% reportó negligencia emocional o física. El 55.1% reportó distress psicológico mínimo. El 43% ha consumido drogas alguna vez en su vida. El 58.45% tiene amigos que usan drogas. El alcohol, el cannabis y el tabaco son las drogas más usadas. El 70% de los estudiantes que usan drogas sufrieron algún tipo de maltrato. En cuanto a las asociaciones, sólo en el abuso físico se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa con una probabilidad de error menor al 0.05. Los datos no pueden ser generalizados a los estudiantes universitarios de San Salvador, El Salvador.

Cheralite quartzides in Itiuba mountains-Bahia, Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gorsky, E.; Gorsky, V.A.

1974-01-01

Quartzitic pebbles of anomalous radioactivity were found by the geologists of the 'Comissao Nacional de Energia Nuclear' of Brazil (CNEN) in November 1964 in the Vicinity of Santa Rosa, municipality of Jaguarari, Bahia. A radioactive anomaly of large extension was subsequently localized by scintilometric prospecting in February 1965 over precambrian quartzites on Morro do Barbosa (near Santa Rosa). Samples of the radioactive rocks were investigated by the Mineralogical-Petrographical Section of the CNEN. The results of the investigation are reported

Proceedings of the 39. Brazilian congress on geology. v. 3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-01-01

The book presents the 39. Brazilian Congress on geology works, occurred in Salvador, Bahia, during the period of September 1 to 6, 1996. The meeting main subject - geology and society - reflects the current change epoch. The symposiums revealed the more important actions about geosciences applications to the society in the country. The round tables, structured for the polemical subjects debates that involves the geosciences and the mineral sector crisis aspects, were achieved by several invited participants completely embraced with the subject. During the congress activities development there were some courses, technical excursions and external actions in Salvador, aiming to show the geosciences role to the social welfare. This volume presents papers about geomorphology, mineralogy, prospecting and mineral research

Proceedings of the 39. Brazilian congress on geology. v. 2

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-01-01

The book presents the 39. Brazilian Congress on Geology works, occurred in Salvador, Bahia, during the period of September 1 to 6, 1996. The meeting main subject - geology and society - reflects the current change epoch. The symposiums revealed the more important actions about geosciences applications to the society in the country. The round tables, structured for the polemical subjects debates that involves the geosciences and the mineral sector crisis aspects, were achieved by several invited participants completely embraced with the subject. During the congress activities development there were some course, technical excursions and external actions in Salvador, aiming to show the geosciences role to the social welfare. The works were presented in the following thematic sections: geochemistry and petrology

Phytoseiid mites from tropical fruit trees in Bahia State, Brazil (Acari, Phytoseiidae).

Science.gov (United States)

de Souza, Izabel Vieira; Sá Argolo, Poliane; Júnior, Manoel Guedes Correa Gondim; de Moraes, Gilberto José; Bittencourt, Maria Aparecida Leão; Oliveira, Anibal Ramadan

2015-01-01

The cultivation of tropical fruit trees has grown considerably in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Some of these have been severely attacked by phytophagous mites, which are usually controlled by the use of chemical pesticides. However, there is today a growing interest for the adoption of less aggressive measures of pest control, as for example the use of predatory mites. Most of the plant-inhabiting predatory mites belong to the family Phytoseiidae. The objective of this paper is to report the phytoseiid species found in an intensive survey conducted on cultivated tropical fruit trees in fifteen localities of the southern coast of Bahia. Measurements of relevant morphological characters are provided for each species, to complement the understanding of the morphological variation of these species. Twenty-nine species of sixteen genera were identified. A key was elaborated to assist in the separation of these species. Fifteen species are reported for the first time in the state, raising to sixty-six the number of species of this family now known from Bahia. Seventy-two percent of the species collected belong to Amblyseiinae, followed by Typhlodrominae (21%) and Phytoseiinae (7%). The most diverse genus was Amblyseius. Amblyseius operculatus De Leon was the most frequent and abundant species. Studies should be conducted to evaluate the possible role of the most common predators as control agents of the phytophagous mites co-occurring with them.

Hemograma e bioquímica sérica de tartarugas cabeçudas (Caretta caretta de vida livre e mantidas em cativeiro, no litoral norte da Bahia

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Thaís Torres Pires

2009-02-01

Full Text Available Com o objetivo de se obter dados que auxiliem na rotina clínica de tartarugas marinhas, realizou-se o hemograma e a determinação de alguns parâmetros bioquímicos séricos de fêmeas de tartarugas cabeçudas (Caretta caretta de vida livre (n = 22, animais que desovam no Litoral Norte da Bahia, e em cativeiro (n = 5, animais mantidos no Centro de Visitantes do Projeto Tamar-ICMBio, na Praia do Forte, Brasil. Os valores obtidos para os dois grupos foram comparados, onde se observou diferença estatística significativa (p<0,05 para as contagens relativas e absolutas de eosinófilos e contagem relativa de monócitos dentre as variáveis do hemograma e, para a proteína total, globulina, glicose, colesterol e aspartato aminotransferase. Possivelmente, diferenças nas condições ambientais, nutricionais e reprodutivas, as quais estes animais foram submetidos, influenciaram nos resultados.

Urban population genetics of slum-dwelling rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Salvador, Brazil

Science.gov (United States)

Kajdacsi, Brittney; Costa, Federico; Hyseni, Chaz; Porter, Fleur; Brown, Julia; Rodrigues, Gorete; Farias, Helena; Reis, Mitermeyer G.; Childs, James E.; Ko, Albert I.; Caccone, Adalgisa

2013-01-01

Throughout the developing world, urban centers with sprawling slum settlements are rapidly expanding and invading previously forested ecosystems. Slum communities are characterized by untended refuse, open sewers, and overgrown vegetation, which promote rodent infestation. Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus), are reservoirs for epidemic transmission of many zoonotic pathogens of public health importance. Understanding the population ecology of R. norvegicus is essential to formulate effective rodent control strategies, as this knowledge aids estimation of the temporal stability and spatial connectivity of populations. We screened for genetic variation, characterized the population genetic structure, and evaluated the extent and patterns of gene flow in the urban landscape using 17 microsatellite loci in 146 rats from 9 sites in the city of Salvador, Brazil. These sites were divided between three neighborhoods within the city spaced an average of 2.7 km apart. Surprisingly, we detected very little relatedness among animals trapped at the same site and found high levels of genetic diversity, as well as structuring across small geographic distances. Most FST comparisons among sites were statistically significant, including sites Salvador, linked to the heterogeneous urban landscape. Future rodent control measures need to take into account the spatial and temporal linkage of rat populations in Salvador, as revealed by genetic data, to develop informed eradication strategies. PMID:24118116

Pb-Pb age and Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotope signature of paleoproterozoic syenitic plutonism in the south of Salvador-Curaca mobile belt: Sao Felix Syenitic Massif, Bahia-Brazil

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rosa, Maria de Lourdes da Silva; Conceicao, Herbet; Leal, Luiz Rogerio Bastos

2001-01-01

The Sao Felix Syenitic Massif (MSSF) has a tabular shape with about 32 km 2 that represents the south expression of the aligned syenitic plutonism, which occur in the middle part of Salvador-Curaca mobile belt (CMSC). Single zircon dating by stepwise Pb evaporation methodology yields an age of 2098 ± 1 Ma to SFSM. This data correlate the emplacement of the SFSM with the late stages of SCMB stabilization. This massif is isotopically characterized by negative epsilon neodymium values (-1.45 to -2.89) and low initial strontium ratio (0.701 to 0.704). SFSM isotopic signature is similar to the ones displayed by the others syenites from the belt and reflects an enriched source which should be related to a metasomatic enriched mantle. (author)

Epidemia de dengue em Ipupiara e Prado, Bahia. Inquérito soro-epidemiológico Outbreak of dengue in Ipupiara and Prado, Bahia State. Seroepidemiologic survey

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Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos

2000-02-01

Full Text Available No Brasil, os inquéritos sorológicos têm assinalado taxa de infecção pelo vírus do dengue de 25% a 56%, porém esses estudos foram realizados em populações de cidades de médio ou grande porte. No presente estudo, são descritas duas epidemias de febre clássica de dengue (DEN no Estado da Bahia. A primeira, ocorrida em 1987 e causada pelo sorotipo DEN-1 em Ipupiara e, a segunda, causada pelo DEN-2, em Prado e que ocorreu em 1995. O diagnóstico laboratorial foi realizado utilizando o teste de inibição da hemaglutinação (IH. Em 1995, foram coletadas 461 amostras sorológicas de uma população de 3.868 habitantes em Ipupiara (região da Chapada Diamantina e 228 de um total de 9.126 habitantes em Prado (Litoral Extremo Sul. A soro-positividade das amostras foi de 11,9% (55/461 em Ipupiara e 17,5% (40/228 em Prado. Não houve diferença, estatisticamente significante, quanto a idade e o gênero entre os indivíduos soro-positivos e negativos das duas cidades estudadas. Entretanto, em Ipupiara os soro-positivos (15,9% vs. 9,3% relataram, mais freqüentemente (p Serologic studies in Brazil have indicated a 25% to 56% prevalence of dengue virus infections. However, these studies were carried out in populations of middle-sized and larger cities. The present study describes two epidemics of classic dengue fever in two small cities in the State of Bahia. The first occurred in 1987, in Ipupiara and was caused by dengue serotype-1 (DEN-1, the second occurred in 1995, in Prado and was caused by dengue serotype-2 (DEN-2. The laboratory diagnosis was made by the hemagglutination-inhibitation test. 461 serum samples were collected in 1995 in Ipupiara (district of Chapada Diamantina out of a population of 3,868 and 228 samples out of a total of 9,126 inhabitants of Prado (in the Southernmost coastal region. The seropositivity of the samples was 11.9% (55/461 in Ipupiara and 17.5% (40/228 in Prado. These were no statistically significant differences

Prevalencia de trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales en niños en edad escolar en El Salvador

OpenAIRE

Zablah, R.; Velasco-Benítez, C.A.; Merlos, I.; Bonilla, S.; Saps, M.

2015-01-01

Antecedentes: La epidemiología de los trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales en niños salvadoreños en edad escolar usando criterios diagnósticos estandarizados no se ha estudiado. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales en niños salvadoreños en edad escolar. Materiales y métodos: Trescientos noventa y cinco niños participaron en el estudio (una escuela pública y una privada). Se utilizó el Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms-...

Vicente Salvador Gómez, Alonso Cano y la pintura valenciana de la segunda mitad del siglo XVII

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Salort Pons, Salvador

2001-12-01

Full Text Available In the following pages, we study different unpublished documentation on the saga of valencian painters of last name Salvador. It is, fundamentally, the last will and inventory of goods of Vicente Salvador Gómez,' the contract that he carried out with the Convent of Santo Domingo of Valencia, for the realisation of three paintings on San Vicente's Ferrer life, and other notarial texts related with him, his father Pere and his brother Luciano that will allow us to better understand the biography and the pictorial work of this family of artists. In addition, the fact of having located the one mentioned inventory, dated after the purchase that Vicente Salvador made of the belongings left by Alonso Cano in the Chartreuse of Portacoeli of Valencia, will give us the opportunity to know, in some measure, the goods that Cano possessed in 1645, arnong them his library that, for the first time, it is published. Finally, with the study of several of Vicente's Salvador drawings we will be able to determine some og his labour bonds with the Madrid nobility, as well as to support the theory of his possible trip to Italy.

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O fulgor de Canudos O fulgor de Canudos

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Silvia Beatriz Adoue

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Este trabalho reconhece na experiência social de Canudos, no sertão da Bahia, entre 1893 e 1897, "elementos de socialismo prático", como diria José Carlos Mariátegui. Isto é, formas de sociabilidade que anunciam possibilidades futuras e que se expressam na vida dos acampamentos e assentamentos da reforma agrária no Brasil.Este trabalho estuda a experiência social de Canudos, no sertão da Bahia, entre 1893 e 1897, reconhecendo formas de sociabilidade que, apesar de vividas no passado, anunciam possibilidades futuras. Formas estas que estão presentes nos acampamentos e assentamentos da reforma agrária no Brasil, e que são germes de relações comunistas.

Evidências sorológicas da circulação do arbovírus Rocio (Flaviviridae na Bahia

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Andréa Straatmann

1997-12-01

Full Text Available Oito casos com anticorpos anti-Rocio são descritos, de quatro cidades do Estado da Bahia, sendo seis portadores de anticorpos IgG (IH e TN e dois IgM (ELISA e TN. Os autores comentam sobre a circulação deste arbovírus no Estado, e as possibilidades de reações cruzadas com outros vírus antigenicamente relacionados.Eight antibody anti-Rocio cases, from four distinct cities in the state of Bahia, are described; six of them being carriers of the antibody IgG (HI and NT and two IgM (ELISA and NT. The authors comment on the circulation of these arboviruses in the state of Bahia and on the possibility of cross reactions with other antigenically related viruses.

Experimental study of the uranium mobility due to the weathering action at the uraniferous district of Caetite/Lagoa Real, Bahia, Brazil; Estudo experimental da mobilidade do uranio por acao intemperica, distrito uranifero de Caetite/Lagoa Real, Bahia, Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Scislewski, Alexandro Rocha

2004-01-15

In the present research, the proposal was to develop a preliminary study about the geochemical behavior of determined chemical elements, mainly the uranium, during the action of weathering processes in the rocks that bear the uranium mineralizations of the Caetite-Lagoa Real region, State of Bahia, more specifically of the Jazida Cachoeira uranium mine. To reach this purpose were used samples that represent several stages of the milling process of the uranium ore, so selecting representatives of the host rock, the ore and the treated ore (waste from the milling plant) to be used in the laboratory-controlled experiments. The samples were dried, sieved and finally introduced in the reactors, these adapted from the Flow-Through Reactor of Brantley and Chen. In the geochemical point of view, the results of the experiments showed a distinct behavior between the samples. It was observed that the treated ore, in relation to the host rocks of the ore and the own ore, shown a faster and homogeneous interaction with the leaching solution; it was also noted that in the output solution of the treated ore samples existed a significant complexation of the uranium by the sulfate (S0{sub 4}{sup -2}), ), instead of the non treated samples (host rock and ore) that were complexed mainly by the carbonate (C0{sub 3}{sup -2}). These different results are attributed to the alterations imposed to the rock during the milling process, and occur mainly, during the acid attack in the leaching process of the milling plant. The results and conclusions of this research, in spite of been preliminary, are essential to understand the behavior of the geochemical speciation of the effluent solutions; to understand the alterations of a rock matrix, and finally, to understand the migration chemical behavior of the related chemical elements. It is expected that these results contribute, in the future, to a deeper knowledge of the processes that control the chemical composition of the natural waters from

The relationship between the industry of natural gas and the sector of electric power: perspectives for the united development of such segments in Bahia; Estudo da industria do gas natural e sua relacao com o setor eletrico na Bahia: perspectivas para uma integracao sinergica entre tais segmentos

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prates, Daniel O. [PETROBRAS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil); Rocha, Georges S. [Bahia Univ., Salvador, BA (Brazil). Dept. de Engenharia Quimica. Curso de Especializacao em Engenharia do Gas Natural

2005-07-01

The industry of natural gas is finding great inter-relationship with the electric power section due to aspects technical, economical and institutional. In Brazil, this world tendency is increasing quickly, above all, starting from the crisis of energy lived by the Country in 2001. In spite of, in spite of being the third producing largest and consume-pain in Brazil, Bahia now is deficient in natural gas, committing the thermal-electricity generation due to lack of this energy one as well as, of the deficiency in the transport and distribution infrastructure. Besides, Bahia is the Brazilian state with the largest population without access the electric power. This motivates reflections concerning the potentialities of the natural gas to lessen this situation. Therefore, this work has an objective to evaluate the structures of the industry of the natural gas and the electric section in Bahia and the relationship among these segments. Initially, it tries to present the reasons that it is taking the development of the electric power generation in consonance with the industry of the gas. Soon afterwards, it comes a retrospective abbreviation of the electric power generation in Brazil and in Bahia, emphasizing the recent tendency of use of the natural gas for the thermal-electricity generation. In the following point, it talks about the reservations and production of natural gas and he/she comes the structure of commercialization of gas from the production/importation to the distribution in Brazil and in Bahia. To proceed, the investment plans are evaluated for the enlargement of the production, transport and distribution of natural gas and electricity in Bahia. Finally, the article is concluded being discussed the difficulties and perspectives of increase and integration of the segments of natural gas and electric power in Bahia, tends in view the institutional aspects, technique and economical of a model that influences the use of the natural gas and contribute to the

Ano Brasil. Brasil ?

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Sandra Jatahy Pesavento

2005-06-01

Full Text Available 2005, Ano Brasil na França. E, para assinalar a data, o prestigioso Grand Palais de Paris abriga Brésil indien, uma exposição que se propõe a combater os clichês. Perguntaria o visitante, curioso: clichês sobre o Brasil?  Não, sobre os povos indígenas, que hoje correspondem a 0,3% da população brasileira, informa o primeiro cartaz explicativo já desde o início do percurso. Uma exposição que se anuncia para dar a ver e sentir uma experiência estética construída como visão de mundo, complement...

Dimensions of child punishment in two Central American countries: Guatemala and El Salvador Dimensiones del castigo infantil en dos países de América Central: Guatemala y El Salvador

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Ilene S. Speizer

2008-04-01

Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Severe physical punishment of children is an important issue in international child health and welfare. This study examines such punishment in Guatemala and El Salvador. METHODS: Data came from nationally representative surveys of women aged 15-49 and men aged 15-59 residing in Guatemala (2002 and El Salvador (2002-2003. The surveys included questions about punishment experienced during childhood, with response options ranging from verbal scolding to beating. In Guatemala, parents were asked how they disciplined their children; questions allowed them to compare how they were punished in their childhood with how they punished their own children. Bivariate and multivariate analyses are presented. RESULTS: In Guatemala, 35% of women and 46% of men reported being beaten as punishment in childhood; in El Salvador, the figures were 42% and 62%, respectively. In both countries, older participants were relatively more likely than younger participants to have been beaten as children. Witnessing familial violence was associated with an increased risk of being beaten in childhood. In Guatemala, having experienced physical punishment as a child increased the chance that parents would use physical punishment on their own children. Multivariate analyses revealed that women who were beaten in childhood were significantly more likely in both countries to be in a violent relationship. CONCLUSIONS: The use of beating to physically punish children is a common problem in Guatemala and El Salvador, with generational and intergenerational effects. Its negative and lingering effects necessitate the introduction of policies and programs to decrease this behavior.OBJETIVOS: El castigo físico severo de niños es un tema importante de la salud y el bienestar infantil en el mundo. En el presente estudio se analiza este tipo de castigo en Guatemala y El Salvador. MÉTODOS: Se tomaron los datos de encuestas representativas nacionales realizadas a mujeres de 14 a

Energy balance from Bahia state 2013 - series 1996-2012

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2013-01-01

This Energy Balance from Bahia, Brazil, presents six chapters, as follows: the chapter 1 approaches the profile of the energy system, showing the structure of the Bahia state energy matrix in the year of 2012, and the modifications occurred during the period of 1996-2012. Then the consolidated information are presented, from production to final consumption, for the set of primary and secondary sources, as well as comparative tables of states x national production of major energy production; the chapter 2 analyses the development, during the period of 1996-2012, in energy supply according to the Primary and Secondary sources; the chapter 3 comprised the evolution of energy consumption by sources and according the social-economic sectors; chapter 4 focus, within a broader view, the evolution of self-sufficiency energy state, confronting the production of primary energy to the total energy demand; in chapter 5 is given the status of the Energy Transformation Centers of the state, highlighting the balances of the Refinery Landulpho Alves (RLAM) and the Power Plants of Public Service and Self-Producer and the chapter 6 contains the consolidated matrixes expressed in the years of 1980, 1985 and 1990-2012

Observations and Modeling of the August 27, 2012 Earthquake and Tsunami affecting El Salvador and Nicaragua

Science.gov (United States)

Borrero, Jose C.; Kalligeris, Nikos; Lynett, Patrick J.; Fritz, Hermann M.; Newman, Andrew V.; Convers, Jaime A.

2014-12-01

On 27 August 2012 (04:37 UTC, 26 August 10:37 p.m. local time) a magnitude M w = 7.3 earthquake occurred off the coast of El Salvador and generated surprisingly large local tsunami. Following the event, local and international tsunami teams surveyed the tsunami effects in El Salvador and northern Nicaragua. The tsunami reached a maximum height of ~6 m with inundation of up to 340 m inland along a 25 km section of coastline in eastern El Salvador. Less severe inundation was reported in northern Nicaragua. In the far-field, the tsunami was recorded by a DART buoy and tide gauges in several locations of the eastern Pacific Ocean but did not cause any damage. The field measurements and recordings are compared to numerical modeling results using initial conditions of tsunami generation based on finite-fault earthquake and tsunami inversions and a uniform slip model.

The comparative and cost-effectiveness of HPV-based cervical cancer screening algorithms in El Salvador.

Science.gov (United States)

Campos, Nicole G; Maza, Mauricio; Alfaro, Karla; Gage, Julia C; Castle, Philip E; Felix, Juan C; Cremer, Miriam L; Kim, Jane J

2015-08-15

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women in El Salvador. Utilizing data from the Cervical Cancer Prevention in El Salvador (CAPE) demonstration project, we assessed the health and economic impact of HPV-based screening and two different algorithms for the management of women who test HPV-positive, relative to existing Pap-based screening. We calibrated a mathematical model of cervical cancer to epidemiologic data from El Salvador and compared three screening algorithms for women aged 30-65 years: (i) HPV screening every 5 years followed by referral to colposcopy for HPV-positive women (Colposcopy Management [CM]); (ii) HPV screening every 5 years followed by treatment with cryotherapy for eligible HPV-positive women (Screen and Treat [ST]); and (iii) Pap screening every 2 years followed by referral to colposcopy for Pap-positive women (Pap). Potential harms and complications associated with overtreatment were not assessed. Under base case assumptions of 65% screening coverage, HPV-based screening was more effective than Pap, reducing cancer risk by ∼ 60% (Pap: 50%). ST was the least costly strategy, and cost $2,040 per year of life saved. ST remained the most attractive strategy as visit compliance, costs, coverage, and test performance were varied. We conclude that a screen-and-treat algorithm within an HPV-based screening program is very cost-effective in El Salvador, with a cost-effectiveness ratio below per capita GDP. © 2015 UICC.

Geodetically resolved slip distribution of the 27 August 2012 Mw=7.3 El Salvador earthquake

Science.gov (United States)

Geirsson, H.; La Femina, P. C.; DeMets, C.; Hernandez, D. A.; Mattioli, G. S.; Rogers, R.; Rodriguez, M.

2013-12-01

On 27 August 2012 a Mw=7.3 earthquake occurred offshore of Central America causing a small tsunami in El Salvador and Nicaragua but little damage otherwise. This is the largest magnitude earthquake in this area since 2001. We use co-seismic displacements estimated from episodic and continuous GPS station time series to model the magnitude and spatial variability of slip for this event. The estimated surface displacements are small (earthquake. We use TDEFNODE to model the displacements using two different modeling approaches. In the first model, we solve for homogeneous slip on free rectangular fault(s), and in the second model we solve for distributed slip on the main thrust, realized using different slab models. The results indicate that we can match the seismic moment release, with models indicating rupture of a large area, with a low magnitude of slip. The slip is at shallow-to-intermediate depths on the main thrust off the coast of El Salvador. Additionally, we observe a deeper region of slip to the east, that reaches towards the Gulf of Fonseca between El Salvador and Nicaragua. The observed tsunami additionally indicates near-trench rupture off the coast of El Salvador. The duration of the rupturing is estimated from seismic data to be 70 s, which indicates a slow rupture process. Since the geodetic moment we obtain agrees with the seismic moment, this indicates that the earthquake was not associated with aseismic slip.

Richness and diversity patterns of birds in urban green areas in the center of San Salvador, El Salvador

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Gabriel L. Vides-Hernández

2017-10-01

Full Text Available Increasing urbanization has led to natural ecosystems being constantly replaced by an urban landscape, a process that is very noticeable in El Salvador, due to its small territorial extension (21.041 km. and high population density (291 hab/km.. We performed an inventory in 12 urban green areas, with different sizes, shape and distances from the largest forest area in the metropolitan zone, based on the McArthur and Wilson’s (1967 island biogeography theory. We evaluated if the richness, diversity and equitability of birds were related to the size and distance of the green areas and if their shape had any effect on the richness of birds. We observed a total of 20 bird species and we classified them according to their diet (generalist and specialist. We observed that the distance did not influence the bird richness and that there was no interaction between size and distance variables, but the size of the green area did influence. The richness of birds with specialist diet increased in the more circular green areas than in the irregular ones. We conclude that in the urban center of San Salvador, the presence of large and circular green areas contributes more to the specialist diet birds’ richness, than areas of similar size but of irregular shape. However, small areas contribute more to the specialist diet birds’ richness, if its shape is more circular.

Media, State and Society in Bahia, Brazil

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Julián Durazo Herrmann

2016-08-01

Full Text Available In this paper, I seek to assess the role of the media in ongoing subnational democratization processes from a State-in-society perspective. I use the case of Bahia, a state in North-Eastern Brazil, to assess ownership and social access to the media, the media’s autonomy from both the State and social actors as well as how conflicts between public interest and private profit are solved. We will thus understand the role of subnational media in sustaining pluralism and in providing independent sources of information, two critical dimensions of democracy.

A new cluster-brood building species of Plebeia (Hymenoptera, Apidae from eastern Brazil Uma nova espécie de Plebeia (Hymenoptera, Apidae do leste do Brasil, com células de cria em cacho

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Gabriel A. R. Melo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available A new species of Plebeia, the second largest genus of stingless bees in the Neotropical region, is described from eastern Brazil. Plebeia grapiuna sp. nov., known only from the lowland forests of southern Bahia, is most similar to P. lucii Moure, a species recently described from Minas Gerais. The lack of yellow marks and the smoother integument of the frons and mesoscutum in P. grapiuna sp. nov. distinguish them. Main features of the nesting habits of the new species are described and illustrated.Uma nova espécie de Plebeia, o segundo maior gênero de meliponíneos na região Neotropical, é descrita do leste do Brasil. Plebeia grapiuna sp. nov., conhecida apenas das florestas de terras baixas do sul da Bahia, é semelhante a P. lucii Moure, uma espécie recentemente descrita de Minas Gerais. A ausência de manchas amarelas e o integumento menos rugoso da fronte e do mesoscuto em P. grapiuna sp. nov. distinguem as duas espécies. Características principais do hábito de nidificação da nova espécie são descritas e ilustradas.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in papaya plantations of Espírito Santo and Bahia, Brazil Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em pomares de mamoeiro do Espírito Santo e Bahia no Brasil

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Aldo Vilar Trindade

2006-09-01

Full Text Available The aim of this study was to obtain knowledge on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM associations in papaya (Caricapapaya, L. in field soils and nursery conditions. Sixty seven soil and root samples were taken in February and May of 1996, from 47 commercial plantations in the North of Espirito Santo State and the West and South of Bahia State, in Brazil. Samples were used for direct spore counts, root colonization assessment and for trap culture with Sorghumbicolor (L. Moench and Crotalariajuncea L. Additional sampling was done in commercial nurseries to evaluate mycorrhizal colonization. Although papaya cropping systems are usually under high input of fertilizers and pesticides, papaya roots showed considerable arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM colonization, ranging from 6% to 83%. Colonization rates were most influenced by available soil P, correlated positively with percentage of sand and soil pH, but correlated negatively with soil clay content. AM colonization of nursery seedlings was very low in most samples. Field spore numbers varied from 34 to 444/30g of soil. All Glomerales families were represented and 24 fungal species identified. Glomusetunicatum, Paraglomusoccultum, Acaulosporascrobiculata and Gigaspora sp. were the most common species.O trabalho objetivou a obtenção de conhecimento sobre a associação micorrízica arbuscular (MA em mamoeiro (Carica papaya, L. em condições de pomar e viveiro. Sessenta e sete amostras de solo e raízes foram coletadas em quarenta e sete pomares comerciais nos meses de fevereiro e maio de 1996, abrangendo o Norte do Espírito Santo e o Oeste e Sul da Bahia. Amostras foram usadas para contagem direta de esporos, avaliação da colonização radicular e para cultivo armadilha com Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench e Crotalariajuncea (L.. Amostragens adicionais foram feitas em viveiros comerciais, para avaliar a colonização micorrízica. Embora os sistemas de cultivo do mamoeiro recebam grande quantidade de insumos na

Mesozooplankton and Ichthyoplankton composition in two tropical estuaries of Bahia, Brazil

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Marcolin, C. R.

2010-01-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to describe the composition of two mesozooplankton and ichthyoplanktonestuarine communities in Jandaíra, Bahia (Tabatinga River, impacted by a shrimp farm; and in Conde, Bahia (ItapicuruRiver, a pristine estuary. Samples were collected through horizontal hauls using a net (200 μm mesh size, coupled to aflowmeter, during the ebbing and flooding tides in April, August and December, 2007. In the Tabatinga and Itapicuru Rivers76 and 92 taxa were registered. The most abundant groups were Pseudodiaptomus richardii and Disco sp. Acartia lilljeborgiwas also dominant at Tabatinga, while Temora sp. and decapod larvae were predominant in Itapicuru River, which alsopresented higher densities for most planktonic taxa, particularly fish larvae. A descriptive analysis of the main taxa´s spatialdistribution and new geographical records of Disco sp., P. richardi, Pontellopsis villosa, Macrosetella gracilis, Microsetellarosea, Gonyiopsillus brasiliensis, Agetus flaccus and Ergasilus caraguatatubensis were presented.

Supply chain management of the castor biodiesel in the Bahia state, Brazil; Gestao da cadeia de suprimentos do biodiesel de mamona no estado da Bahia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Freires, Francisco G.M.; Goncalo, Thomas E.E.; Oliveira, Danillo R.S.B. [Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco (UNIVASF), Juazeiro, BA (Brazil)], E-mail: francisco.gaudencio@univasf.edu.br

2009-07-01

In front of the global trend for developing new ways of energy that pollute less and are renewable, Brazil emerges as a major actor in the development and use of technology for the production of biofuels. In the context of the potential of semi-arid to produce some oil used in production, the Brazilian government is enabling the production of Northeastern region. The State of Bahia is the largest producer of castor oil from Brazil, with an estimated production of 102.8 thousand tonnes of grain in the season 2008/2009 (CONAB, 2009). The development of the sector depends on appropriate government actions to support their competitive sustainability, and encouraging the improvement of management techniques in all involved. In that scenario, the logistics contributes to the development of this sector through the supply chain management. One conclusion is that the competitiveness and sustainability of the supply chain of castor in the Semi-arid of Bahia practices depends on the adoption of integrated logistics, without which the current failures prevent the consolidation of governmental objectives defined. (author)

Analysis of the radiation accident in El Salvador

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Melara, N.E.

1998-01-01

On 5 February 1989 at 2 a.m. local time in a cobalt-60 industrial irradiation facility, a series of events started leading to one of the most serious radiation accidents in this type of installation. It took place in Soyapango, a city situated 5 km from San Salvador, the capital of the Republic of El Salvador. In this accident, three workers were involved in the first event and a further four in the second. When the accident took place, the activity level was approximately 0.66 PBq (18,000 Ci). The source became blocked when being lowered to its safe position, where upon the technician responsible for the irradiator entered the chamber in breach of the few inadequate safety procedures, accompanied by two colleagues from an adjacent department; the three workers suffered acute radiation exposure, with the result that one of them died six-and-a-half months later, the second had both his legs amputated at mid-thigh, while the third recovered completely. This article describes the irradiator, outlines the causes of the accident and analyses the economic and social repercussions, with the aim of helping teams responsible for radiation protection and safety in industrial irradiation facilities to identify potentially hazardous circumstances and avoid accidents. (author)

Sistemas de salud mental en El Salvador, Guatemala y Nicaragua: resultados de una evaluación mediante el WHO-AIMS Mental health systems in El Salvador, Guatemala, and Nicaragua: results of a WHO-AIMS evaluation

OpenAIRE

Jorge Jacinto Rodríguez; Thomas Barrett; Silvia Narváez; José Miguel Caldas; Itzhak Levav; Shekhar Saxena

2007-01-01

Los autores realizaron una evaluación de los sistemas de salud mental en El Salvador, Guatemala y Nicaragua, por medio de un grupo de indicadores seleccionados. Para recopilar la información en los países se utilizó el Instrumento de Evaluación para Sistemas de Salud Mental de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (WHO-AIMS, por su sigla en inglés). Nicaragua, Guatemala y El Salvador tienen serias limitaciones en sus sistemas nacionales de salud mental, en especial en la atención primaria, así ...

Ciclos políticos, socioeconomia e a geografia eleitoral do estado da Bahia nas eleições de 2006

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Daniel Carvalho

2015-06-01

Full Text Available Resumo O objetivo do artigo é analisar se interações socioeconômicas, políticas, espaciais e dos programas de transferência de renda governamental determinaram os resultados das eleições nos municípios do estado da Bahia, para o cargo de governador, em 2006. Essa eleição marcou a interrupção do controle político por parte de uma coligação partidária e grupo político também conhecido na literatura de Ciência Política como “carlismo”, a partir da vitória do candidato do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT. A literatura sobre economia dos ciclos políticos foi utilizada como base teórica. Foi elaborado um banco de dados sobre resultados eleitorais e variáveis socioeconômicas, a partir das bases de dados do Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE, do Tribunal Regional Eleitoral do Estado da Bahia (TRE-BA, do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE, da Federação das Indústrias do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FIRJAN e do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social (MDS. Baseado nesse banco de dados, foram aplicados métodos de estatística espacial e econometria espacial associados a procedimentos de espacialização e georreferencialmento de dados. Os resultados da análise exploratória de dados espaciais indicam que os votos do PT, nas eleições no estado da Bahia de 2006, estão parcialmente correlacionados no espaço. Com a modelagem econométrica, foi comprovado que as defasagens espaciais dos votos petistas são estaticamente significantes, dado p-valor das defasagens ρ e λ nos modelos adotados. As estimações econométricas mostraram as variáveis socioeconômicas tiveram pouco efeito sobre os resultados nos municípios. O sucesso do PT nas eleições para governador do Estado da Bahia em 2006 esteve fortemente estruturado na base eleitoral prévia e na associação dos votos locais para Presidente da República, denominado no artigo de “efeito Lula”. Quanto ao Programa Bolsa Família, este apresentou efeito

Detection of Perkinsus marinus in the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae in southern Bahia by proteomic analysis

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Thiago Ramos Pinto

2017-01-01

Full Text Available This study reports the presence of the pathogen Perkinsus marinus, notifiable to the World Organization for Animal Health (Office International des Èpizooties = OIE in the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae in southern Bahia via proteomic analysis. We analyzed Crassostrea brasiliana from a long-line cultivation system and C. rhizophorae from an adjacent mangrove in Porto do Campo, Camamu Bay, Bahia, Brazil. The collections (n = 100 were performed in October 2012. In the laboratory, the oysters were measured and opened to remove the meat, which was steeped in dry ice. For extraction of proteins, adaptation of a protocol used for mussels was used, after which separation in the first dimension was taken by isoelectric focusing (IEF. The peptides were transferred to a Mass Spectrometer. The obtained spectra were analyzed with the ProteinLynx Global Server 4.2 software tool and also by MASCOT (Matrix Science and compared to the databases of the SWISSPROT and NCBI, respectively. The identification was evidenced by beta-tubulin, Perkinsus marinus ATCC 50983 and protein homology code in the database NCBI = gi | 294889481. This is the first record of P. marinus in Bahia and the fourth in Brazil.

Prevalence and predictors of abandonment of therapy among children with cancer in El Salvador.

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Bonilla, Miguel; Rossell, Nuria; Salaverria, Carmen; Gupta, Sumit; Barr, Ronald; Sala, Alessandra; Metzger, Monika L; Sung, Lillian

2009-11-01

Abandonment of therapy is one of the most common causes of treatment failure among children with cancer in low-income countries. Our objectives were to describe the prevalence and predictors of abandonment among such children with cancer in El Salvador. We analyzed data on patients younger than 16 years, diagnosed with any malignancy between January 2001 and December 2003 at the Benjamin Bloom National Children's Hospital, San Salvador. Among 612 patients, 353 were male (58%); the median age at diagnosis was 5.1 years; 59% of patients were diagnosed with leukemia/lymphoma, 28% with solid tumors and 13% with brain tumors. The prevalence of abandonment was 13%. Median time to abandonment was 2.0 (range 0-36) months. In univariate analyses, paternal illiteracy [odds ratio (OR) 3.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-7.2; p = 0.001]; maternal illiteracy (OR = 5.1, 95% CI 2.5-10; p El Salvador, despite the provision of free treatment, socioeconomic variables significantly predict increased risk of abandonment of therapy. Understanding the pathways through which socioeconomic status affects abandonment may allow the design of effective interventions. (c) 2009 UICC.

Proceedings of the 39. Brazilian congress on geology. v. 6

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-01-01

The book presents the 39. Brazilian Congress on Geology works, occurred in Salvador, Bahia, during the period of September 1 to 6, 1996. The meeting main subject - geology and society - reflects the current change epoch. The symposiums revealed the more important actions about geosciences applications to the society in the country. The round tables, structured for the polemical subject debates that involve the geosciences and the mineral sector crisis aspects, were achieved by several invited participants completely embraced with the subject. During the congress activities development there were some courses, technical excursions and external actions in Salvador, aiming to show the geosciences role to the social welfare. This volume focuses papers about geology and metallogenesis from high degree metamorphic terrain and isotope applications in geology

Proceedings of the 39. Brazilian congress on geology. v. 4

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-01-01

The book presents the 39. Brazilian Congress on Geology works, occurred in Salvador, Bahia, during the period of September 1 to 6, 1996. The meeting main subject - geology and society - reflects the current change epoch. The symposiums revealed the more important actions about geosciences applications to the society in the country. The round tables, structured for the polemical subject debates that involves the geosciences and the mineral sector crisis aspects, were achieved by several invited participants completely embraced with the subject. During the congress activities development there were some courses, technical excursions and external actions in Salvador, aiming to show the geosciences role to the social welfare. The symposiums presented papers about geology and the carstic terrains, paleo global change and environmental aspects in the thematic sections

Proceedings of the 39. Brazilian congress on geology. v. 5

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-01-01

The book presents the 39. Brazilian Congress on Geology works, occurred in Salvador, Bahia, during the period of September 1 to 6, 1996. The meeting main subject - geology and society - reflects the current change epoch. The symposiums revealed the more important actions about geosciences applications to the society in the country. The round tables, structured for the polemical subject debates that involves the geosciences and the mineral sector crisis aspects, were achieved by several invited participants completely embraced with the subject. During the congress activities development there were some courses, technical excursions and external actions in Salvador, aiming to show the geosciences role to the social welfare. This volume presents articles about ocean-continental and Bambui Group in the thematic sections interactions

78 FR 19103 - Safety Zone; Spanish Navy School Ship San Sebastian El Cano Escort; Bahia de San Juan; San Juan, PR

Science.gov (United States)

2013-03-29

...-AA00 Safety Zone; Spanish Navy School Ship San Sebastian El Cano Escort; Bahia de San Juan; San Juan... temporary moving safety zone on the waters of Bahia de San Juan during the transit of the Spanish Navy... Channel entrance, and to protect the high ranking officials on board the Spanish Navy School Ship San...

ESPÉCIES FLORESTAIS DE RESTINGAS COMO POTENCIAIS INSTRUMENTOS PARA GESTÃO COSTEIRA E TECNOLOGIA SOCIAL EM CARAVELAS, BAHIA (BRASIL

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Henrique Machado Dias

2014-01-01

Full Text Available In Caravelas, located in southern Bahia state, the main vegetation formations are the mangrove forests and ‘restingas’ (sandbanks presenting, the latter, a high degree of degradation. The aim of this paper is to describe the main forest species of these ‘restingas’ and their direct uses associated with the recovery and management of degraded areas and creation of jobs and income, making thus an important tool for integrated coastal zone. For this, elaborate floral listings and field visits were necessary for recognizing the environment. In the selection of species, a literature about the use, management and value of each species were used, and from there, four species with potential for generating jobs and income along of this proposal were recognized: Mangaba ( Hancornia speciosa , Pitanga ( Eugenia uniflora , Mangaba ( Anacardium occidentale and Aroeira ( Schinus terebinthifolius . The first three are associated with the use of its fruit food, serving these ‘aroeiras’ as pepper trees, with a high value on the world market, and cashew, because of its fertile structure. The identification of products provided sustainable use of species and environment and the Non-Timber Forest Products can be strategic in coastal management, making it an instrument to subsidize social inclusion through the creation of jobs and income, under the movement of Social Technology, contributing to reduce the social vulnerability of traditional coastal communities.

The management of psoriasis through diet

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Duarte G

2012-08-01

Full Text Available Gleison Duarte,1 Luan Oliveira Barbosa,2 Maria Elisa A Rosa11Dermatology Division, Alergodermoclin, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; 2Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública Salvador, Bahia, BrazilAbstract: Diet is an important factor in the management of several dermatological diseases, such as dermatitis herpetiformis, acne vulgaris, gout, phrynoderma, pellagra, psoriasis, and acrodermatitis enteropathica. New concepts have emerged concerning the influence of diet on psoriasis. For example, diet has an adjuvant role in the management of several cardiovascular comorbidities that exhibit a higher-than-expected prevalence in psoriatic patients. Functional foods, such as yellow saffron and fish oil, may exert favorable effects on immune and cardiovascular functions. A gluten-free diet may promote significant clinical and histologic improvement. Folate supplementation may induce clinical improvement of psoriasis, but side effects may also occur. Diets rich in fresh fruits and vegetables are associated with a lower prevalence of psoriasis, and vegetarian diets were associated with clinical improvement. Additionally, many drug-diet interactions (retinoids, methotrexate, cyclosporine must be considered in patients with psoriasis. Therefore, in addition to current nutritional advice given to psoriasis patients, further studies are necessary in the role of diet in psoriasis therapy.Keywords: diet, lifestyle, psoriasis, recommendations, supplementation

Salvador Allende, por la democracia y el socialismo

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José Alberto de la Fuente A

2011-01-01

Full Text Available ¿Habrá algo más obvio que preguntarse quién fue Salvador Allende? ¿Es reflejo, la definición o la interpretación de la historia de la que formó parte, entre 1927 y 1973? ¿Qué grado de sensibilidad y sentido de trascendencia había en él, cuando le habla al mundo desde el Palacio de Gobierno bombardeado e incendiándose, esa mañana del 11 de septiembre de 1973. El propósito de esta comunicación es sistematizar las experiencias, ideas y pensamientos de quien fuera el "Compañero Presidente de Chile". De paso, rendirle un homenaje a quien dejara una lección de entusiasmo, perseverancia y coherencia. Salvador Allende (1908-1973, quiso hacer concordar sus ideales con la conciencia crítica del político que fue madurando en su práctica y concepción revolucionaria. Mi hipótesis es la siguiente: en la biografía de Salvador Allende, en sus vínculos con las luchas sociales, políticas, culturales y controversias con el partido socialista, subyace una idea de América Latina y de socialismo a la chilena, donde él sitúa su praxis como médico, militante socialista, dirigente político, parlamentario y luego como Presidente de la República. La síntesis de su concepción política y programática, entre otros documentos, se encuentra en el diálogo que sostiene con Régis Debray en 1971 y que queda plasmada en el libro Conversaciones: a la realidad de un país subdesarrollado le aplica las concepciones teóricas de un marxismo enriquecido con los aportes científicos del devenir social. Su tesis es la transformación del país al socialismo por la vía pacífica-electoral, con respeto a las demás concepciones políticas, ideológicas y religiosas. Concibe América Latina ¿en la unidad de los pueblos en su lucha emancipatoria como base esencial de la victoria definitiva, (1966, Conferencia Tricontinental de La Habana.

Salvador, un reto para las políticas de salud

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Helen Larissa Centeno Monge

2005-01-01

Full Text Available En El Salvador, para el año 2003, la población de 15 a 24 años representa un poco más de un tercio de la población clasificada como en edad fértil. Los indicadores de salud reflejan una situación que demanda atención y acciones concretas hacia las necesidades de la salud reproductiva que afrontan los adolescentes. Según la Encuesta nacional de salud familiar realizada en 1998, el 48.8% de las mujeres menores de 24 años han tenido experiencia sexual, menos del 10% utilizaron algún método anticonceptivo en su primera relación y el 42% han tenido al menos un embarazo antes de los 24 años. Dado que los problemas de salud sexual y reproductiva fueron de los primeros en poner a la adolescencia en el tapete como sujeto prioritario de atención de la salud, la promoción de la salud del adolescente debe constituir uno de los principales objetivos de cualquier proyecto de desarrollo, tanto a nivel local como nacional. Al utilizar los datos de la FESAL–98 e información proporcionada por el Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social de El Salvador, se presentan en este artículo algunas cifras y reflexiones acerca de la situación referente a la salud sexual y reproductiva de las adolescentes salvadoreñas de 15 a 24 años y algunas acciones que se realizan al respecto. Se plantea el modelo de atención a los y las adolescentes implementado en el país y las principales implicaciones y retos que aun hay que atender.

Microglanis pataxo, a new catfish from southern Bahia coastal rivers, northeastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Pseudopimelodidae

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Luisa M. Sarmento-Soares

Full Text Available A new pseudopimelodid catfish of the genus Microglanis, collected in small rivers at the lower and middle Peruípe, middle Jucuruçu and Cahy basins, in the southeastern coast of the Bahia state, is described. The new species has a comparatively high number of anal fin proximal radials, 12, shaped as thin tubes, the last one bearing a laminar extension; a pectoral fin spine with a bony point and with a smaller number of serrations on its posterior border; seven pleural ribs and a narrow head width. We provide information on the external morphology and also on some osteological features for the new species. A key to species is presented for the coastal drainages between Rio de Janeiro and Bahia states.

Cerambycidae (Coleoptera from Lagoa do Tamburí farm, Aracatu – Bahia, with new records

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ANDRÉ DA SILVA FERREIRA

2015-01-01

Full Text Available ABSTRACTSpecies of Cerambycidae were inventoried in an area of Caatinga (dryland vegetation in the municipality of Aracatu, Bahia State, Brazil, between August/2012 and July/2013. The insects were collected using light traps, active searches, and white cloth trapping. A total of 716 specimens of Cerambycidae were collected; 665 of them were identified as belonging to 107 species, 84 genera, 30 tribes, and 3 subfamilies. The speciesPhaedinus carbonelli Monné, 1999,Lepturges (Lepturges fasciculatoides Gilmour, 1962,Hoplistonychus bondari Melzer, 1930,Ataxia arenaria Martins & Galileo, 2013 were new records for Bahia;Nesozineus obscurus Hoffmann, 1984 is new record for Brazil. The subfamily Cerambycinae demonstrated the greatest richness, with 56 species. These results contribute to our knowledge of the Cerambycidae fauna of Brazil.

First survey of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) and parasitoid diversity among myrtaceae fruit across the state of Bahia, Brazil

OpenAIRE

Silva, Lidia Nogueira; Santos, Mírian Silva; Dutra, Vivian Siqueira; Araujo, Elton Lucio; Costa, Marco Antonio; Silva, Janisete Gomes

2011-01-01

The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) species that use myrtaceous fruit, particularly guava, as hosts in several localities in the state of Bahia and to determine the infestation rates, pupal viability rates, and fruit fly-parasitoid associations. Sampling of myrtaceous fruit was carried out in 24 municipalities in different regions in the state of Bahia. Four fruit fly species, Anastrepha fraterculus, Anastrepha zenildae, Anastrepha sor...

Identification of Focal Mechanisms of Seisms Occurring in the San Salvador Volcano-Ilopango Lake Area Between 1994 and March 2005

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Maria Mendez Martinez, Luz de; Portillo, Mercy

2009-01-01

We studied the geographic area located in the central part of El Salvador, between the San Salvador Volcano (Quezaltepec) and Ilopango Lake. Its latitude is between 13 deg. 36' and 13 deg. 54', and longitude is between -89 deg. 18' and -88 deg. 57'. This area is directly affected by the WNW axis, the most prominent weak tectonic system in the region. Our research aimed to determine the focal mechanisms of seisms occurring in the studied area between 1994 and March 2005. Our analysis provided information about displacement types of the geological faults, using the wave impulse P method and computer applications ARCGIS and SEISAN, with the subroutine FOCMEC. Information of the studied seisms was obtained from the National Service of Territorial Studies (SNET) database. Geographic models used in the preparation of maps are from the geographic information system of the School of Physics at the University of El Salvador. The 37 focal mechanisms on the map of faults were identified in digital seismographs to determinate the arrival polarity of the wave P for each seism station. Data from the focal mechanisms were analyzed and correlated with their replications. The analysis allowed us to identify evidences to consider the fault continuity not reported by the last geological mission in El Salvador conducted in the 1970s. The fault continuity is located northwest of the studied geographical area, between San Salvador City and the San Salvador Volcano. The compression and strain axes for this area are two main horizontal force axes. The average orientation for the strain axis is NNE-SSW, and WNW-SEE for the compression axis. There is also important seismic activity in the Ilopango Lake and surrounding area. However, data did not allow us to make any inference. The tensors distribution resulted in a high dispersion corresponding to typical fauces models.

Effectiveness and Internal Security. A Comparative Analysis of El Salvador and Nicaragua

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Geoffrey Ellis

2016-06-01

Full Text Available Nicaragua and El Salvador share many commonalities, including geographical vulnerabilities, widespread poverty, the experience of civil conflict in the 1980s, and a transition to democracy in the early 1990s. Nevertheless, each state has drastically divergent levels of violence, as measured particularly by homicide rates, with Nicaragua among the lowest in Latin America and El Salvador among the highest in the world. This paper assesses the historical and institutional variables that account for this divergence and evaluates each state’s security structures using a civil-military relations analysis. In particular, the author uses Bruneau and Matei’s criterion of effectiveness. The findings demonstrate that Nicaragua’s security forces consolidated during the 1980s in a manner more capable of sustaining the democratic transition and confronting new security threats like gangs and organized crime.

Epidemiologists working together with anthropologists: lessons from a study to evaluate the epidemiological impact of a city-wide sanitation program Los epidemiólogos y antropólogos que trabajan juntos: lecciones de un estudio para evaluar el impacto epidemiológico de un programa de saneamiento urbano Epidemiologistas e antropólogos trabalhando juntos: lições de um estudo para avaliar o impacto epidemiológico de um programa de saneamento urbano

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Mauricio L. Barreto

2013-03-01

Full Text Available This paper discusses the role of qualitative approaches in epidemiological studies, beginning with a general discussion of epidemiological and anthropological methods. It focuses on a case study of the health impact of an environmental intervention carried out in Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. Most of the precedent studies fields, based on primary date, use to devote little attention to the methodological and theorethical questions attached to long-term studies. Four specific aspects of this experience are highlighted: (a drawing up epidemiological study; (b construction of an observational instrument to measure hygiene habits; (c an ethnographic study that was carried out before the epidemiological study; (d observation of the effects of health intervention on health inequalities. Finally, the report details how the findings of qualitative and quantitative studies might be synthesized. It provides a critical overview of follow-up strategies, illustrated with proper examples whenever possible.En este artículo se discute el papel de los enfoques cualitativos en los estudios epidemiológicos, comenzando con una discusión general de ambos métodos. Se centra en un estudio de caso sobre el impacto en la salud de una intervención ambiental en Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. La mayoría de los estudios en esta línea, que se deriven de la fuente principal de la investigación, aporta poca discusión sobre los aspectos metodológicos y teóricos que participan en estudios a largo plazo. Cuatro aspectos específicos de esta experiencia son especialmente prominentes: (a elaboración de cuestionarios para el estudio epidemiológico; (b la construcción de un instrumento para medir los hábitos de higiene de observación; (c un estudio etnográfico que precedió a la investigación epidemiológica; (d observación de los efectos de las intervenciones sanitarias sobre las desigualdades en salud. Por último, el estudio considera en detalle cómo los resultados

HTLV-I in the general population of Salvador, Brazil: a city with African ethnic and sociodemographic characteristics.

Science.gov (United States)

Dourado, Inês; Alcantara, Luiz C J; Barreto, Maurício L; da Gloria Teixeira, Maria; Galvão-Castro, Bernardo

2003-12-15

The city of Salvador has the highest prevalence of HTLV-I among blood donors in Brazil. To study the prevalence of HTLV-I among the general population of Salvador, 30 "sentinel surveillance areas" were selected for the investigation of various infectious diseases, and 1385 individuals within these areas were surveyed according to a simple random sample procedure. ELISA was used to screen plasma samples for antibodies to HTLV-I, and the positive samples were tested by a confirmatory assay (Western blotting). The overall prevalence of HTLV-I was 1.76% (23/1385). Infection rates were 1.2% for males and 2.0% for females. Specific prevalence demonstrated an increasing linear trend with age. No one younger than 13 years of age was infected. Multivariate analysis estimated adjusted odds ratios for the association of HTLV-I with age of 9.7 (3.3; 30.4) for females and 12.3 (1.47; 103.1) for males. Less education and income might be associated with HTLV-I infection in females. Phylogenetic analysis of the long terminal repeat fragments showed that most of the samples belonged to the Latin American cluster of the Transcontinental subgroup (Cosmopolitan subtype). For the entire city of Salvador, it is estimated that approximately 40000 individuals are infected with HTLV-I. Our results suggest multiple post-Colombian introductions of African HTLV-Ia strains in Salvador.

Fauna Triatominae no Estado da Bahia, Brasil: as espécies e distribuição geográfica

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Ítalo A. Shetlock

1972-10-01

Full Text Available Este é a primeira de uma série de publicações sobre os triatomíneos do Estado da Bahia, com base nos dados obtidos na inspeção de 889.972 domicílios de 11.045 localidades do Estado, nos anos de 1957 a 1971, quando se coletaram 33.588 exemplares do hemíptero. Foram identificadas 18 espécies pertencentes a 4 gêneros, conforme a seguir e relatado. Triatoma rubrovária, referida em antiga citação, não mais ocorre no Estado. Triatoma bahiensis perdeu sua validade específica, sendo considerada apenas urna variedade de T. pessoal. Existem também variedades de outras espécies, as quais serão estudadas com mais detalhes noutros trabalhes futuros. Panstrongylus megistus é principalmente abundante na faixa litorânea do Estado, com florestas latifoleadas, onde as condições de umidade são elevadas e oclima, é tropical quente e úmido. É a espécie considerada de maior importância na transmissão da Doença de Chagas na Bahia. T. brasiliensis foi encontrada comumente nas áreas de clima estépico com vegetação xerófila. A sua presença em áreas de clima, tropical quente e úmido, foi traduzida como sendo uma variedade da espécie. O seu encontro em áreas de florestas latifoleadas úmidas com clima de selvas, foi aceito como devido, possivelmente, ao transporte mecânico. Verificou-se que T. infestans, antes limitada ao paralelo 16° nos climas mesotérmicos está se disseminando, provavelmente por ação mecânica para áreas possuidoras de características climáticas diversas. T. sórdida foi encontrada somente nas áreas de clima seco seguindo de uma maneira geral o curso dos rios. T. rubrofasciata permaneceu com sua distribuição limitada a duas cidades coloniais na zona litorânea, rarefazendo-se nestes últimos anos, provavelmente devido a higienização por que passam os locais de sua antiga penetração. O gênero Rhodnius que é representado pelo R. negletus, constou de um só exemplar coletado num domicílio, em zona

Employment of the El Salvador Armed Forces for Internal Security

Science.gov (United States)

2011-02-02

the drug trades.6 The migration back and forth of the members of the Maras to countries in the northern of hemisphere and to drug dealers in the...and “ Sinaloa ” cartels from Mexico trying to 7 get control of the drug traffic in El Salvador. Those groups use Gangs MS 13 and 18th Street gangs

Wind power system for Sao Gabriel, Irece region, Bahia-Brazil; Sistema eolico de Sao Gabriel, regiao de Irece-Bahia

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bruni, Carlos D' Alexandria [Centro Federal de Educacao Tecnologica da Bahia (CEFET-BA), Salvador, BA (Brazil)], e-mail: carlosbruni@cefetba.br; Camelier, Luiz Alberto A. [Companhia de Engenharia Rural da Bahia, Salvador, BA (Brazil)], e-mail: lcamelier@ig.com.br

2004-07-01

An electric power plant supplied by a wind-generator is the solution for supply drink water on a small community on Sao Gabriel, Irece - Bahia -Brazil. On behalf of the feasibility a wind power system is described in detail concerning it's technical specifications, it's operation, constraints and it's energy demand. Furthermore wind power system supply is described in detail. Simulations is shows how the system is designed to guarantee a reliability in pumping of drinking water powered by wind power system and it's expansion in the future. (author)

Morphological and karyotypic contributions for a better taxonomic definition of the frog ischnocnema ramagii (Boulenger, 1888) (anura, brachycephalidae)

OpenAIRE

Napoli, Marcelo Felgueiras; Ananias, Fernando; Fonseca, Patricia M.; Silva, Ana Paula Z.

2009-01-01

Acesso restrito. Texto completo disponível no PORTAL de PERIÓDICOS da CAPES. p. 164-172. In this study we describe the morphological variation of Ischnocnema ramagii from a population sample within the Municipality of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil, and characterize two extremely distinct morphotypes within this taxon (striped vs. non-striped dorsum); we describe its karyotype, and compare the karyotypic structure of the distinct morphotypes recognized herein. Specimens with str...

Offshore waste management monitoring system: drilling campaign BM-CAL-4 Block, Camanu-Almada Basin, Bahia, Brazil; Gestao de rejeitos offshore em areas sensiveis e ambientes isolados - estudo de caso: campanha exploratoria da El Paso no Bloco BM-CA-4, Bacia de Camamu-Almada, Bahia, Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ranieri, Adriano [El Paso Oleo e Gas, Natal, RN (Brazil); Perez, Pedro; Andrade, Albert [EnvironPact, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)

2008-07-01

The present paper addresses the principal aspects related to the difficulties found to implement a pollution control project in sensitive areas and isolated environments. For that, it was utilized a case study on the El Paso's second exploratory campaign on BM-CAL-4 Block, located in Camamu Almada Basin, Bahia - Brazil. Two of the items of the pollution control project implemented on this campaign where herein detailed: drilling wastes management and waste management on the smaller vessels, which had to attend to the same requirements applied to the supply vessels and the drilling rig, due to the discharge restrictions established by the environmental agency. (author)

L'Islam noir à Bahia d'après les travaux de l'école ethnologique brèsilienne

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Roger Bastide

1951-03-01

Full Text Available RICARD (Robert. - L'Islam noir à Bahia d'après les travaux de l'école ethnologique brèsilienne (Primeiro Artigo do Parágrafo Depois da publicação, em frances, do livro de Nina Rodrigues sobre O animismo fetichista dos negros da Bahia e da duas memórias do Piére Etienne, parece que a França pouco tem ouvido falar dos problemas afro-brasileiras.

¿El armario está abierto?: estudios sobre diversidad sexual en El Salvador

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Amaral Palevi Gómez Arévalo

2017-12-01

Full Text Available El presente texto tiene por objetivo analizar 39 producciones universitarias sobre diferentes temáticas de diversidad sexual producidas entre 1988 a 2015, las cuales se organizan en 4 ejes/binomios: Prácticas sexuales/Cuerpos, Matrimonio/Familias, Identidades/Prejuicios y Derechos/Ciudadanías. Al mismo tiempo se proponen nuevas temáticas para investigar y se reflexiona sobre los retos al interior de la educación superior salvadoreña para constituir un campo de Estudios sobre Diversidad Sexual. Concluyendo, a pesar de la existencia dispersa de 39 producciones universitarias, las cuales son un avance, el armario de la academia salvadoreña está aún cerrado, y por tal motivo surge la pregunta ¿cómo lo podemos abrir?

Chaparrastique (San Mighel) Volcano Eruptions since Dec. 29th, 2013, El Salvador

Science.gov (United States)

Martinez-Hackert, B.; Bajo, J. V.; Escobar, D.; Gutierrez, E.

2015-12-01

The December 29th, 2013 eruption of Chaparrastique (San Miguel) volcano in El Salvador came as a surprise and was the first of several small eruptions in the past two years. They came after many years of preceeding earthquake swarms and significant degassing. Being the second volcano to erupt in El Salvador in less than ten years, it caused grave concern for the population of the country. Although they were not large eruptions (VEI 2), the materials were widespread and caused deposits of volcanic tephra as far at the capital San Salvador and closed the airports in the vecinity for a couple of days. This is a summary of the research, mitigation and services that were done days after the first eruption on December 29, 2013 and the follwing months. In conjunction with the team of the Direccion General del Observatorio Ambiental from the Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales possible first response strategies were discussed and decided to obtain results that could be quickly put in place to mitigate and decide on actions such as evacuations or relocations of people living in volcano related high-risk hazard areas. Collection of samples, mapping and measurements of the volcanic tephra in the field together with Digital Globe and areal photography after the event, allowed identification of four different volcanic products that can be correlated to the opening of the vent and ending in the eruption of juvenile materials of basaltic to trachybasaltic composition, and the production of a lahar hazard map based on LaharZ.

The occurrence of Callinectes arcuatus ordway, 1863 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Portunidae in Bahia, Brazil

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Edilson Pires de Gouvêa

1987-01-01

Full Text Available During the study of the Carcinofauna of the Bahian Coast, some Brachyura Portunidae were found. Some of these animals were Callinectes arcuatus Ordway, 1863 which has its distribution restricted to the Pacific Ocean, from California to Peru and the Galapagos Islands. This is the first occurrence of this species reported from the Atlantic Ocean and the Brazilian Coast (Bahia, 38º50'Wand 12º50'S.Durante o estudo da carcinofauna do litoral baiano, muitos Braquiuros Portunidae foram encontrados. Alguns destes animais foram Callinectes arcuatus Ordway, 1863 que possuia sua distribuição restrita da Califórnia ao Peru e Ilhas Galápagos, no Oceano Pacífico. Esta é a primeira ocorrência desta espécie no Oceano Atlântico e na Costa Brasileira. (Bahia, 12º50'S e 38º50'W.

[Vagotonía. The medical thesis of Salvador Zubirán].

Science.gov (United States)

Delgado, Guillermo; Estañol-Vidal, Bruno

2012-01-01

Salvador Zubirán submitted his thesis for his MD degree in 1923. This thesis falls within the context of the new Mexican physiological medicine and denotes the visionary character of its author. Zubirán appears here as the introducer in Mexico of the physiopharmacological approach in autonomic nervous system disorders.

Prevalência de dor musculoesquelética em professores Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among teachers

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Jefferson Paixão Cardoso

2009-12-01

Full Text Available Este artigo descreve a prevalência de dor musculoesquelética segundo variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais de professores do ensino básico. Um estudo epidemiológico de corte transversal, de caráter censitário, incluiu todos os 4.496 professores do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. As prevalências de dor musculoesquelética em membros inferiores (41,1%, membros superiores (23,7% e dorso (41,1% foram elevadas. A prevalência global de dor musculoesquelética relacionada a qualquer um dos três segmentos corporais foi de 55%. A dor musculoesquelética foi mais prevalente, nos três segmentos investigados, entre as mulheres, os mais velhos, de nível educacional médio, casados, com três ou mais filhos e que trabalhavam mais de quatorze anos como docente. A prevalência de dor músculoesquelética associou-se às seguintes variáveis ocupacionais: tempo de trabalho superior a cinco anos na escola estudada, elevado esforço físico, outra atividade remunerada não docente e calor em sala de aula. Esses achados alertam para a necessidade de adoção de políticas públicas para melhoria das condições de trabalho do professor.The article describes the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain according to socio-demographic and occupational variables among elementary school teachers. A cross-sectional study included all 4,496 school teachers of the municipal elementary education network of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. There was a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in lower limbs (41.1%, upper limbs (23.7% and back (41.1%. The overall prevalence of musculoskeletal pain related to any of the three body segments was 55%. Musculoskeletal pain was more prevalent in the three body segments investigated: among women, the elderly, those with high-level school education, married, with three or more children, and who had worked over fourteen years as teachers. The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was associated with the

Documenting Architectural Heritage in Bahia, Brazil, Using Spherical Photogrammetry

Science.gov (United States)

De Amorim, A. L.; Fangi, G.; Malinverni, E. S.

2013-07-01

The Cultural Heritage disappears at a rate higher than we are able, not only, to restore but also to document: human and natural factors, negligence or worst, deliberate demolitions put in danger the collective Architectural Heritage (AH). According to CIPA statements, the recording is important and has to follow some guidelines. The Architectural and Urban Heritage data have to be historically related, critically assessed and analyzed, before to be organized according to a thematic structure and become available for further uses. This paper shows the experiences developed by the Laboratory of Computer Graphics applied to Architecture and Design (LCAD), at the Architecture School of the Federal University of Bahia (FAUFBA), Brazil, in cooperation with the Università Politecnica delle Marche (UNIVPM, DICEA Department), Italy, in documenting architectural heritage. The research set up now has been carried out in the historical sites of Bahia, as Pelourinho neighborhood, a World Heritage by UNESCO. Other historical sites are in the plan of this survey, like the cities of Lençóis and Mucugê in Chapada Diamantina region. The aim is to build a technological platform based on low cost digital technologies and open source tools, such as Panoramic Spherical Photogrammetry, Spatial Database, Geographic Information Systems, Three-dimensional Geometric Modeling, CAD technology, for the collection, validation and dissemination of AH.

First survey of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae and parasitoid diversity among myrtaceae fruit across the state of Bahia, Brazil

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Lidia Nogueira Silva

2011-09-01

Full Text Available The objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae species that use myrtaceous fruit, particularly guava, as hosts in several localities in the state of Bahia and to determine the infestation rates, pupal viability rates, and fruit fly-parasitoid associations. Sampling of myrtaceous fruit was carried out in 24 municipalities in different regions in the state of Bahia. Four fruit fly species, Anastrepha fraterculus, Anastrepha zenildae, Anastrepha sororcula, and Ceratitis capitata were obtained from the collected fruit. Three parasitoid species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae emerged from Anastrepha larvae/pupae, Doryctobracon areolatus, Utetes anastrephae, and Asobara anastrephae. Doryctobracon areolatus emerged from A. fraterculus, A. sororcula and A. zenildae; Utetes anastrephae emerged from A. fraterculus and A. zenildae; and Asobara anastrephae emerged from A. fraterculus. Fruit fly and myrtaceous fruit associations are reported for the first time in several municipalities in the state of Bahia. A. zenildae was found infesting Syzygium malaccense for the first time in Brazil.

Partamona nigrilabris Pedro & Camargo, 2003, um novo sinônimo de P. nigrior (Cockerell, 1925 (Hymenoptera, Apidae Partamona nigrilabris Pedro & Camargo, 2003, a new synonym of P. nigrior (Cockerell, 1925 (Hymenoptera, Apidae

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João M. F. Camargo

2003-01-01

Full Text Available P. nigrilabris was described based on specimens wrongly labelled as from "Salvador-BA, Brasil". It is considered as a new synonym: Partamona nigrior (Cockerell, 1925 = P. nigrilabris Pedro & Camargo, 2003, syn. nov.

Experiência de monitoramento participativo a bordo de embarcações da pesca artesanal no Território da Cidadania do Baixo Sul da Bahia, Brasil

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Priscilla Nogueira Malafaia

2014-12-01

Full Text Available A pilot experience of participatory monitoring and biological sampling realized by artisanal fishermen on-board their vessels was conducted between January 2011 and April 2012 in a Territory of Citizenship of Southern Bahia. The approach adopted aimed at including fishermen in the research process, valuing traditional knowledge and also ensuring the acquisition of biological data of difficult access on the spawning of reef fish caught in reproductive aggregation sites distant from the coast. The action was developed through the integration of collaborating fishermen within the research. Two masters of the artisanal handline fishing, recognized as experts in the communities of Valença and Camamu, have benefited from research grants by the state foundation for research supporting – FAPESB. The collaborating masters and crews of vessels were qualified and involved in the monitoring process, collecting information on-board about catches, fishing effort, exploited areas (fishing spots, biometrics and stages of sexual maturation. Monthly orientation and monitoring supervision of collaborating fishermen were conducted by researchers and technicians from the State University of Feira de Santana (UEFS and the agricultural development agency of Bahia state (EBDA. A total of 56 handline fishing operations from 24 fishing spots were monitored; 26 taxa were recorded during these fisheries, 3,271 fishes were measured and weighed, and 149 gonads were collected. The evaluation of the approach was based on qualitative parameters: 1 engagement and collaboration in the activity, 2 efficiency and consistency in data collection, filling out the forms and classification of gonads. The main challenge of the proposed approach is the perception of the fishermen about the relevance of participatory monitoring to promote the construction of knowledge about the fishery and the reproductive dynamics of fisheries resources. A continuous action is considered essential to

Implantation of wind power generation unities at rural communities of remote regions - the case of Vale do Rio Sao Francisco, Bahia, Brazil; Implantacao de unidades de geracao de energia eolica em comunidades rurais regioes remotas - o caso do Vale do Rio Sao Francisco, Bahia, Brasil

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Henriques Junior, Mauricio F. [Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)], e-mail: mauricfr@int.gov.br; Szklo, Alexandre [Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ (Brazil). Coordenacao dos Programas de Pos-Graduacao de Engenharia (COPPE)], e-mail: szklo@ppe.ufrj.br

2008-07-01

This paper describes the simulation of implantation of wind power generation unities for the attendance of small rural communities which are typical at remote regions and not attended by the regional concessionaires distribution networks systems. The simulation applies the Homer software, from NREL, and is applied to a typical rural community of isolated regions, composed by low income families, and situated at Rio Sao Francisco valley, Bahia state, Brazil, considering the incidence of strong and constant winds in the region. In this simulation a comparative analysis of an 40 W aeolian system is performed with other systems: a traditional one based on a diesel generation, an hybrid system, and the interconnection to the electric network.

Role of Temperature, Humidity and Rainfall on Influenza Transmission in Guatemala, El Salvador and Panama

Science.gov (United States)

Soebiyanto, Radina P.; Bonilla, Luis; Jara, Jorge; McCracken, John; Azziz?-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Kiang, Richard

2012-01-01

Worldwide, seasonal influenza causes about 500,000 deaths and 5 million severe illnesses per year. The environmental drivers of influenza transmission are poorly understood especially in the tropics. We aimed to identify meteorological factors for influenza transmission in tropical Central America. We gathered laboratory-confirmed influenza case-counts by week from Guatemala City, San Salvador Department (El Salvador) and Panama Province from 2006 to 2010. The average total cases per year were: 390 (Guatemala), 99 (San Salvador) and 129 (Panama). Meteorological factors including daily air temperature, rainfall, relative and absolute humidity (RH, AH) were obtained from ground stations, NASA satellites and land models. For these factors, we computed weekly averages and their deviation from the 5-yr means. We assessed the relationship between the number of influenza case-counts and the meteorological factors, including effects lagged by 1 to 4 weeks, using Poisson regression for each site. Our results showed influenza in San Salvador would increase by 1 case within a week of every 1 day with RH>75% (Relative Risk (RR)= 1.32, p=.001) and every 1C increase in minimum temperature (RR=1.29, p=.007) but it would decrease by 1 case for every 1mm-above mean weekly rainfall (RR=0.93,pGuatemala had 1 case increase for every 1C increase in minimum temperature in the previous week (RR=1.21, p<.001), and for every 1mm/day-above normal increase of rainfall rate (RR=1.03, p=.03) (model pseudo-R2=0.54). Our findings that cases increase with temperature and humidity differ from some temperate-zone studies. But they indicate that climate parameters such as humidity and temperature could be predictive of influenza activity and should be incorporated into country-specific influenza transmission models

Diffusive Soil Degassing of Radon and Carbon Dioxide at Ilopango Caldera, El Salvador, Central America

Science.gov (United States)

Ransom, L.; Lopez, D. L.; Hernandez, P.

2001-12-01

Ilopango Caldera lies 10 Km east of San Salvador, El Salvador and holds Ilopango Lake, the largest body of fresh water in El Salvador. There is currently no observed fumarolic activity within the caldera system. However, the last eruption occurred in 1880. In November - December, 1999, radon gas concentrations (pCi/l) were measured using a Pylon AB5 radon monitor, and flux of CO2 (g/m2/day) was determined using the accumulation chamber method at 106 sampling stations around the lake, along and across the caldera walls. Gas samples were also collected to determine the isotopic composition of C in CO2. CO2 fluxes did not show high values characteristic of other volcanic systems, values ranged from 0.7 to 9.2 g/m2/day with an average value of 3.9. These values are similar to the low values of the background population observed in nearby San Salvador volcano. Highest values are observed to the east and west of the lake. Isotopic values for C in soil gases do not show an important magmatic component. Radon concentrations present three distinct populations with the highest values occurring to the southwest. Thoron concentrations are higher close to the caldera walls than inside the caldera due to the possible higher rock fracturing in that region. Measurements taken in March 2001, after the January 13 and February 13, 2001 earthquakes did not show significant variations in CO2 fluxes. However, radon concentrations varied due to the high seismicity that lasted several months after these earthquakes. These results suggest that the magmatic system of Ilopango Caldera is not emitting high fluxes of CO2 to the atmosphere throughout the caldera soils. Subaquatic emissions of CO2 have not been evaluated. However, subaquatic hydrothermal discharges have not been identified at this calderic lake.

Evolving Hazard Monitoring and Communication at San Vicente Volcano, El Salvador

Science.gov (United States)

Bowman, L. J.; Gierke, J. S.

2014-12-01

El Salvador has 20 potentially active volcanoes, four of which have erupted in the last 100 years. Since San Vicente Volcano has had no historic eruptions, monitoring is not a high priority; especially given the current eruptive crisis at San Miguel Volcano. Though probability of eruptive hazards remains low at San Vicente, it is arguably one of the most hazardous volcanoes in the country due to rainfall-induced landslides and debris-flow risk. At least 250 deaths occurred in November 2009 from landslides and debris flows triggered by Hurricane Ida. This disaster caused the Universidad de El Salvador - Facultad Multidisciplinaria Paracentral (UES-FMP, San Vicente, El Salvador) to partner with governmental and nongovernmental organizations (including the U.S. Peace Corps, U.S. Fulbright Program, Korean International Cooperation Agency, Protección Civil and the Centro de Protección para Desastres (CEPRODE)) to focus its faculty and student research toward hazard monitoring and risk studies. Newly established monitoring efforts include: measurement of surface cracks and localized rainfall by Protección Civil and local residents using crude extensometers and rain gauges; installation of six weather stations that operate within the most at-risk municipalities; seismic refraction surveys to better characterize stratigraphy and seasonal water table changes; and most recently, a USAID/NSF-funded initiative partnered with the UES-FMP to monitor seasonal hydrologic conditions related to flooding and groundwater recharge. The information from these initiatives is now used to communicate current conditions and warnings through a network of two-way radios established by CEPRODE and Protección Civil. Representatives from the multi-institutional team also communicate the data to authorities who make better-informed decisions regarding warnings and evacuations, as well as determine suitable areas for population relocation in the event of a crisis. Data will eventually be used