Arte, mito e historia en dos obras de Ricardo Menéndez Salmón

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Giovanna Fiordaliso

2015-07-01

Full Text Available Abstract – The object of this study are two works written by Ricardo Menéndez Salmon (1971- , La luz es más antigua que el amor (2010 and Medusa (2012. These texts are very interesting because, as postmodern works, they result as a mixture of different genres (essay, novel, biography and because they are built with a combination of fiction and history, through the red line of the reflection on Art. Through the experience of several artists, imagined or real, Ricardo Menéndez Salmon proposes a reflection on History and Myth, on the role of literature and art, establishing a significant relationship between the present and the past, memory and oblivion, language and images. Resumen – Objeto de este estudio son dos obras del escritor Ricardo Menéndez Salmón (1971- , La luz es más antigua que el amor (2010 y Medusa (2012. Estos textos son muy interesantes porque se fundan en una mezcla de varios géneros (ensayo, novela, biografía y se caracterizan por una manera original de combinar ficción e historia, reflexionando sobre el papel del Arte. A través de la experiencia de varios artistas, unos imaginados, otros reales, Ricardo Menéndez Salmón nos propone una reflexión sobre la Historia, el Mito, el papel de la literatura y el arte, el establecimiento de una relación significativa entre el presente y el pasado, la memoria y el olvido, el lenguaje y las imágenes.

Novel artificial stool material for external quality assurance (EQA) on a fecal immunochemical test for hemoglobin (FIT): The confirmed utility of stable hemoglobin and an internal standard material.

Science.gov (United States)

Yasui, Ryota; Yamada, Miyu; Takehara, Shizuka; Sakurabayashi, Ikunosuke; Watanabe, Katsunori

2018-04-16

The fecal immunochemical test for hemoglobin (FIT), which detects lower gastrointestinal bleeding, is widely accepted for population-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs. However, the FIT screening process has not been standardized yet, and standardizing the pre-analytical phase and establishing an external quality assurance (EQA) program compliant with ISO requirements is urgently needed. Although there have been various attempts to establish EQA materials suitable for FIT, no materials have yet been reported to have sufficient uniformity and acceptable immunochemical stability of hemoglobin (Hb). The Health Care Technology Foundation (HECTEF; Tokyo Japan) is now developing a ready-to-use artificial stool containing Hb and an internal standard, glycerol. Accordingly, we verified the adaptability and efficacy of this material for the evaluation of the specimen collection phase of FIT. This material uniformly contained both Hb and glycerol. The glycerol allowed us to estimate the weight of the collected artificial stool and to correct the Hb concentration with the estimated weight. Furthermore, the stability of both Hb and glycerol were confirmed to be sufficient for an EQA material under appropriate storage, in-use, repeated freeze-thaw, and heated conditions. These in-house performance characteristics suggest that HECTEF artificial stool is acceptable as an EQA material for FIT. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Analytical performance of 17 general chemistry analytes across countries and across manufacturers in the INPUtS project of EQA organizers in Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, United Kingdom and Spain.

Science.gov (United States)

Weykamp, Cas; Secchiero, Sandra; Plebani, Mario; Thelen, Marc; Cobbaert, Christa; Thomas, Annette; Jassam, Nuthar; Barth, Julian H; Perich, Carmen; Ricós, Carmen; Faria, Ana Paula

2017-02-01

Optimum patient care in relation to laboratory medicine is achieved when results of laboratory tests are equivalent, irrespective of the analytical platform used or the country where the laboratory is located. Standardization and harmonization minimize differences and the success of efforts to achieve this can be monitored with international category 1 external quality assessment (EQA) programs. An EQA project with commutable samples, targeted with reference measurement procedures (RMPs) was organized by EQA institutes in Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, UK, and Spain. Results of 17 general chemistry analytes were evaluated across countries and across manufacturers according to performance specifications derived from biological variation (BV). For K, uric acid, glucose, cholesterol and high-density density (HDL) cholesterol, the minimum performance specification was met in all countries and by all manufacturers. For Na, Cl, and Ca, the minimum performance specifications were met by none of the countries and manufacturers. For enzymes, the situation was complicated, as standardization of results of enzymes toward RMPs was still not achieved in 20% of the laboratories and questionable in the remaining 80%. The overall performance of the measurement of 17 general chemistry analytes in European medical laboratories met the minimum performance specifications. In this general picture, there were no significant differences per country and no significant differences per manufacturer. There were major differences between the analytes. There were six analytes for which the minimum quality specifications were not met and manufacturers should improve their performance for these analytes. Standardization of results of enzymes requires ongoing efforts.

Accès à la justice des femmes ayant survécu à des actes de ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Accès à la justice des femmes ayant survécu à des actes de violence : des commissariats de police réservés aux femmes en Amérique latine. La violence faite aux femmes constitue toujours un obstacle important à un développement humain équitable en Amérique latine. Les quatre pays faisant l'objet de l'étude, soit le ...

The WHO AFRO external quality assessment programme (EQAP: Linking laboratory networks through EQA programmes

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Debrah I. Boeras

2016-10-01

Full Text Available External Quality Assessment (EQA surveys performed by the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO revealed the need for the strengthening of publichealth microbiology laboratories, particularly for testing of epidemic-prone diseases in theAfrican Region. These surveys revealed common issues such as supply chain managementskilled personnel, logistical support and overall lack of quality standards. For sustainableimprovements to health systems as well as global health security, deficiencies identified needto be actively corrected through robust quality assurance programmes and implementation oflaboratory quality management systems. Given all the pathogens of public health importance, an external quality assessment programmewith a focus on vaccine-preventable diseases and emerging and re-emerging dangerouspathogens is important, and should not be stand-alone, but integrated within laboratorynetworks as seen in polio, measles, yellow fever and rubella. In 2015, WHO AFRO collaborated with the US Centers for Disease Control and Preventionthe London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and partners in a series of consultationswith countries and national and regional EQA providers for the development of qualityassurance models to support HIV point-of-care testing and monitoring. These consultationsrevealed similar challenges as seen in the WHO AFRO surveys. WHO AFRO brought forthits experience in implementing quality standards for health programmes, and also openeddiscussions on how lessons learned through such established programmes can be utilised tosupporting and strengthening the introduction of early infant diagnosis of HIV and viralload point-of-care testing. An optimised external quality assessment programme will impact the ability of countries tomeet core capacities, providing improved quality management systems, improving theconfidence of diagnostic network services in Africa, and including capacities to detect eventsof

A influência da calcitonina sintética de salmão na cicatrização cutânea de ratos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Neiva Eulálio

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a influência da calcitonina sintética do salmão no processo cicatricial da pele da região dorsal em ratos, analisando parâmetros bioquímicos, biomecânicos e histológicos, e suas possíveis interrelações. MÉTODO: Setenta e dois (72 ratos machos adultos foram submetidos, sob anestesia geral inalatória a uma incisão linear na pele que foi, subseqüentemente, suturada. Metade dos ratos (grupo teste foi tratada no pós-operatório com calcitonina sintética do salmão, e a outra metade, sem tratamento, constituiu o grupo controle. Os animais, em pares de nove ratos cada (teste e controle, foram sacrificados no 5º, 10º, 15º e 20º dias pós-operatório para a remoção dos fragmentos de pele com cicatriz para as análises bioquímicas, biomecânicas e histológicas. Utilizou-se o teste "t" de Student para a comparação de médias de amostras independentes e o teste de correlação de Pearson para verificar o grau de associação entre as médias das variáveis. RESULTADOS: A calcitonina sintética de salmão acelerou o processo cicatricial da pele, mas não de maneira linear e constante. Em comparação com os animais não-tratados, houve aumento significativo tanto do conteúdo de hidroxiprolina nas fases de proliferação inicial e tardia da cicatrização, quanto da carga máxima de ruptura na fase de proliferação tardia. Os resultados histológicos corroboram os resultados bioquímicos e biomecânicos, sugerindo uma correlação entre conteúdo de colágeno, resistência à tração e histologia da cicatriz. CONCLUSÃO: A calcitonina sintética de salmão acelerou o processo cicatricial da pele, modificando significativamente o conteúdo de colágeno e a carga máxima de ruptura, mas não de maneira linear e constante.

External quality assurance system (EQAS) for identification of mastitis pathogens in Denmark from 2006 to 2011

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Karlsmose, Susanne; Kunstmann, L.; Rundsten, Carsten Friis

2013-01-01

Bovine mastitis is the most common and costly dairy cattle disease. Mastitis is most frequently caused by bacterial species, and to ensure optimal treatment and control strategies, proper quality assured diagnosis and identification of the causative agent is important. With the aim to assess...... the capacity to isolate and identify mastitis pathogens at veterinary clinics, an external quality assurance system (EQAS) was annually (from 2006 to 2011) provided for the identification of mastitis pathogens. This study presents the setup of the proficiency test and the obtained results that enabled...... the organizers to pinpoint areas for improvement and thereby to assist veterinary practices at strengthening their mastitis diagnostics.The proficiency test consisted of 15 milk samples spiked with a pure culture of a mastitis pathogen and distributed to veterinary practices for identification. Applying...

The WHO AFRO external quality assessment programme (EQAP): Linking laboratory networks through EQA programmes.

Science.gov (United States)

Boeras, Debrah I; Peeling, Rosanna W; Onyebujoh, Philip; Yahaya, Ali A; Gumede-Moeletsi, Hieronyma N; Ndihokubwayo, Jean B

2016-01-01

External Quality Assessment (EQA) surveys performed by the World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa (WHO AFRO) revealed the need for the strengthening of public health microbiology laboratories, particularly for testing of epidemic-prone diseases in the African Region. These surveys revealed common issues such as supply chain management, skilled personnel, logistical support and overall lack of quality standards. For sustainable improvements to health systems as well as global health security, deficiencies identified need to be actively corrected through robust quality assurance programmes and implementation of laboratory quality management systems. Given all the pathogens of public health importance, an external quality assessment programme with a focus on vaccine-preventable diseases and emerging and re-emerging dangerous pathogens is important, and should not be stand-alone, but integrated within laboratory networks as seen in polio, measles, yellow fever and rubella. In 2015, WHO AFRO collaborated with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and partners in a series of consultations with countries and national and regional EQA providers for the development of quality assurance models to support HIV point-of-care testing and monitoring. These consultations revealed similar challenges as seen in the WHO AFRO surveys. WHO AFRO brought forth its experience in implementing quality standards for health programmes, and also opened discussions on how lessons learned through such established programmes can be utilised to supporting and strengthening the introduction of early infant diagnosis of HIV and viral load point-of-care testing. An optimised external quality assessment programme will impact the ability of countries to meet core capacities, providing improved quality management systems, improving the confidence of diagnostic network services in Africa, and including capacities to detect events

Evaluation of the Correlation Coefficient of Polyethylene Glycol Treated and Direct Prolactin Results and Comparability with Different Assay System Results.

Science.gov (United States)

Pal, Shyamali

2017-12-01

The presence of Macro prolactin is a significant cause of elevated prolactin resulting in misdiagnosis in all automated systems. Poly ethylene glycol (PEG) pretreatment is the preventive process but such process includes the probability of loss of a fraction of bioactive prolactin. Surprisingly, PEG treated EQAS & IQAS samples in Cobas e 411 are found out to be correlating with direct results of at least 3 immunoassay systems and treated and untreated Cobas e 411 results are comparable by a correlation coefficient. Comparison of EQAS, IQAS and patient samples were done to find out the trueness of such correlation factor. Study with patient's results have established the correlation coefficient is valid for very small concentration of prolactin also. EQAS, IQAS and 150 patient samples were treated with PEG and prolactin results of treated and untreated samples obtained from Roche Cobas e 411. 25 patient's results (treated) were compared with direct results in Advia Centaur, Architect I & Access2 systems. Correlation coefficient was obtained from trend line of the treated and untreated results. Two tailed p-value obtained from regression coefficient(r) and sample size. The correlation coefficient is in the range (0.761-0.771). Reverse correlation range is (1.289-1.301). r value of two sets of calculated results were 0.995. Two tailed p- value is zero approving dismissal of null hypothesis. The z-score of EQAS does not always assure authenticity of resultsPEG precipitation is correlated by the factor 0.761 even in very small concentrationsAbbreviationsGFCgel filtration chromatographyPEGpolyethylene glycolEQASexternal quality assurance systemM-PRLmacro prolactinPRLprolactinECLIAelectro-chemiluminescence immunoassayCLIAclinical laboratory improvement amendmentsIQASinternal quality assurance systemrregression coefficient.

Propagación in vitro de Heliconia bihai (L. cv. Lobster Salmón a partir de meristemos florales In vitro propagation of Heliconia bihai (L. cv. Lobster Salmón from flowering buds

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Leonor Marulanda-ángel

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Se desarrolló un protocolo de propagación in vitro a partir de meristemos florales para Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Salmón. Para el efecto se establecieron 250 yemas florales en diferentes tiempos utilizando NaClO al 1% durante 20 min. El medio de establecimiento Murashige y Skoog con mejores resultados fue BAP (2 mg/lt, AIA (1 mg/lt y 0.1 g/lt de L-cisteína. La mayor produccion de brotes en multiplicación se obtuvo con 6 mg/lt de BAP y con un subcultivo posterior en medio con 2 mg/lt de BAP y 0.5 mg/lt de AIA, alcanzando una tasa de multiplicación de tres nuevas yemas. El enraizamiento de las plántulas in vitro se logró con 1.3 mg/lt de AIA. La aclimatación en vivero fue 92% de supervivencia. Se realizó un análisis de varianza (Anova y un test de Tukey para las variables evaluadas las cuales mostraron diferencias estadísticas en cada fase. La propagación in vitro de heliconias a partir de yemas florales requiere mayor tiempo en la fase de establecimiento y multiplicación, no obstante permite mayores porcentajes de supervivencia y una menor contaminación, ofreciendo material de siembra de diferentes especies de esta planta de interés comercial.A protocol for in vitro propagation of Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Salmón was developed using flowering buds as initial explants. 250 flowering buds were established in different assays with NaClO at 1% during 20 minutes. The establishment in Murashige & Skoog's medium with BAP (2mg/L, AIA (1 mg/L and L-cystein (0.1 g/L showed the best results. Shoot multiplication was obtained with BAP (6 mg/L with a subsequent subculture in a medium with BAP (2 mg/L and AIA (0.5 mg/L, reaching multiplication rates of 3.0 new shoots. Rooting was achieved with AIA 1.3 mg/L. The survival rate during greenhouse acclimatization was 92%. Analysis of variance (ANOVA and Turkey's test were realized for each of the variables evaluated that showed statistical differences in all stages. The in vitro propagation of

Calculation of direct antiretroviral treatment costs and potential cost savings by using generics in the German HIV ClinSurv cohort.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matthias Stoll

Full Text Available UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND/AIM OF THE STUDY: The study aimed to determine the cost impacts of antiretroviral drugs by analysing a long-term follow-up of direct costs for combined antiretroviral therapy, cART, -regimens in the nationwide long-term observational multi-centre German HIV ClinSurv Cohort. The second aim was to develop potential cost saving strategies by modelling different treatment scenarios. METHODS: Antiretroviral regimens (ART from 10,190 HIV-infected patients from 11 participating ClinSurv study centres have been investigated since 1996. Biannual data cART-initiation, cART-changes, surrogate markers, clinical events and the Centre of Disease Control- (CDC-stage of HIV disease are reported. Treatment duration was calculated on a daily basis via the documented dates for the beginning and end of each antiretroviral drug treatment. Prices were calculated for each individual regimen based on actual office sales prices of the branded pharmaceuticals distributed by the license holder including German taxes. RESULTS: During the 13-year follow-up period, 21,387,427 treatment days were covered. Cumulative direct costs for antiretroviral drugs of €812,877,356 were determined according to an average of €42.08 per day (€7.52 to € 217.70. Since cART is widely used in Germany, the costs for an entire regimen increased by 13.5%. Regimens are more expensive in the advanced stages of HIV disease. The potential for cost savings was calculated using non-nucleotide-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor, NNRTI, more frequently instead of ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor, PI/r, in first line therapy. This calculation revealed cumulative savings of 10.9% to 19.8% of daily treatment costs (50% and 90% substitution of PI/r, respectively. Substituting certain branded drugs by generic drugs showed potential cost savings of between 1.6% and 31.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the data of this nationwide study reflects disease-specific health services research

Comparison and Sensitivity Investigations of a CALM and SALM Type Mooring System for Wave Energy Converters

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arthur Pecher

2014-02-01

Full Text Available A quasi-static analysis and sensitivity investigation of two different mooring configurations—a single anchor leg mooring (SALM and a three-legged catenary anchor leg system (CALM—is presented. The analysis aims to indicate what can be expected in terms of requirements for the mooring system size and stiffness. The two mooring systems were designed for the same reference load case, corresponding to a horizontal design load at the wave energy converter (WEC of 2000 kN and a water depth of 30 m. This reference scenario seems to be representative for large WECs operating in intermediate water depths, such as Weptos, Wave Dragon and many others, including reasonable design safety factors. Around this reference scenario, the main influential parameters were modified in order to investigate their impact on the specifications of the mooring system, e.g. the water depth, the horizontal design load, and a mooring design parameter.

Tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in the German ClinSurv HIV Cohort: long-term incidence and risk factors.

Science.gov (United States)

Karo, Basel; Haas, Walter; Kollan, Christian; Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara; Hamouda, Osamah; Fiebig, Lena

2014-03-19

Tuberculosis (TB) still presents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), including those on antiretroviral therapy. In this study, we aimed to determine the long-term incidence density rate (IDR) of TB and risk factors among PLWHA in relation to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-status. Data of PLWHA enrolled from 2001 through 2011 in the German ClinSurv HIV Cohort were investigated using survival analysis and Cox regression. TB was diagnosed in 233/11,693 PLWHA either at enrollment (N = 62) or during follow-up (N = 171). The TB IDR during follow-up was 0.37 cases per 100 person-years (PY) overall [95% CI, 0.32-0.43], and was higher among patients who never started cART and among patients originating from Sub-Saharan Africa (1.23 and 1.20 per 100PY, respectively). In two multivariable analyses, both patients (I) who never started cART and (II) those on cART shared the same risk factors for TB, namely: originating from Sub-Saharan Africa compared to Germany (I, hazard ratio (HR); [95% CI]) 4.05; [1.87-8.78] and II, HR 5.15 [2.76-9.60], CD4+ cell count 5 log10 copies/ml (I, HR 2.51 [1.33-4.75] and II, HR 1.77 [1.11-2.82]). Gender, age or HIV-transmission risk group were not independently associated with TB. In the German ClinSurv HIV cohort, patients originating from Sub-Saharan Africa, with low CD4+ cell count or high viral load at enrollment were at increased risk of TB even after cART initiation. As patients might be latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, early screening for latent TB infection and implementing isoniazid preventive therapy in line with available recommendations is crucial.

ANA IIF Automation: Moving towards Harmonization? Results of a Multicenter Study

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Stefanie Van den Bremt

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Background. Our study aimed to investigate whether the introduction of automated anti-nuclear antibody (ANA indirect immunofluorescence (IIF analysis decreases the interlaboratory variability of ANA titer results. Method. Three serum samples were sent to 10 laboratories using the QUANTA-Lyser® in combination with the NOVA View®. Each laboratory performed the ANA IIF analysis 10x in 1 run and 1x in 10 different runs and determined the endpoint titer by dilution. One of the three samples had been sent in 2012, before the era of ANA IIF automation, by the Belgian National External Quality Assessment (EQA Scheme. Harmonization was evaluated in terms of variability in fluorescence intensity (LIU and ANA IIF titer. Results. The evaluation of the intra- and interrun LIU variability revealed a larger variability for 2 laboratories, due to preanalytical and analytical problems. Reanalysis of the EQA sample resulted in a lower titer variability. Diluted endpoint titers were similar to the estimated single well titer and the overall median titer as reported by the EQA in 2012. Conclusion. The introduction of automated microscopic analysis allows more harmonized ANA IIF reporting, provided that this totally automated process is controlled by a thorough quality assurance program, covering the total ANA IIF process.

Calculation of direct antiretroviral treatment costs and potential cost savings by using generics in the German HIV ClinSurv cohort.

Science.gov (United States)

Stoll, Matthias; Kollan, Christian; Bergmann, Frank; Bogner, Johannes; Faetkenheuer, Gerd; Fritzsche, Carlos; Hoeper, Kirsten; Horst, Heinz-August; van Lunzen, Jan; Plettenberg, Andreas; Reuter, Stefan; Rockstroh, Jürgen; Stellbrink, Hans-Jürgen; Hamouda, Osamah; Bartmeyer, Barbara

2011-01-01

BACKGROUND/AIM OF THE STUDY: The study aimed to determine the cost impacts of antiretroviral drugs by analysing a long-term follow-up of direct costs for combined antiretroviral therapy, cART, -regimens in the nationwide long-term observational multi-centre German HIV ClinSurv Cohort. The second aim was to develop potential cost saving strategies by modelling different treatment scenarios. Antiretroviral regimens (ART) from 10,190 HIV-infected patients from 11 participating ClinSurv study centres have been investigated since 1996. Biannual data cART-initiation, cART-changes, surrogate markers, clinical events and the Centre of Disease Control- (CDC)-stage of HIV disease are reported. Treatment duration was calculated on a daily basis via the documented dates for the beginning and end of each antiretroviral drug treatment. Prices were calculated for each individual regimen based on actual office sales prices of the branded pharmaceuticals distributed by the license holder including German taxes. During the 13-year follow-up period, 21,387,427 treatment days were covered. Cumulative direct costs for antiretroviral drugs of €812,877,356 were determined according to an average of €42.08 per day (€7.52 to € 217.70). Since cART is widely used in Germany, the costs for an entire regimen increased by 13.5%. Regimens are more expensive in the advanced stages of HIV disease. The potential for cost savings was calculated using non-nucleotide-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor, NNRTI, more frequently instead of ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor, PI/r, in first line therapy. This calculation revealed cumulative savings of 10.9% to 19.8% of daily treatment costs (50% and 90% substitution of PI/r, respectively). Substituting certain branded drugs by generic drugs showed potential cost savings of between 1.6% and 31.8%. Analysis of the data of this nationwide study reflects disease-specific health services research and will give insights into the cost impacts of

Results from 15years of quality surveillance for a National Indigenous Point-of-Care Testing Program for diabetes.

Science.gov (United States)

Shephard, Mark; Shephard, Anne; McAteer, Bridgit; Regnier, Tamika; Barancek, Kristina

2017-12-01

Diabetes is a major health problem for Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Point-of-care testing for haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) has been the cornerstone of a long-standing program (QAAMS) to manage glycaemic control in Indigenous people with diabetes and recently, to diagnose diabetes. The QAAMS quality management framework includes monthly testing of quality control (QC) and external quality assurance (EQA) samples. Key performance indicators of quality include imprecision (coefficient of variation [CV%]) and percentage acceptable results. This paper reports on the past 15years of quality testing in QAAMS and examines the performance of HbA1c POC testing at the 6.5% cut-off recommended for diagnosis. The total number of HbA1c EQA results submitted from 2002 to 2016 was 29,093. The median imprecision for EQA testing by QAAMS device operators averaged 2.81% (SD 0.50; range 2.2 to 3.9%) from 2002 to 2016 and 2.44% (SD 0.22; range 2.2 to 2.9%) from 2009 to 2016. No significant difference was observed between the median imprecision achieved in QAAMS and by Australasian laboratories from 2002 to 2016 (p=0.05; two-tailed paired t-test) and from 2009 to 2016 (p=0.17; two-tailed paired t-test). For QC testing from 2009 to 2016, imprecision averaged 2.5% and 3.0% for the two levels of QC tested. Percentage acceptable results averaged 90% for QA testing from 2002 to 2016 and 96% for QC testing from 2009 to 2016. The DCA Vantage was able to measure a patient and an EQA sample with an HbA1c value close to 6.5% both accurately and precisely. HbA1c POC testing in QAAMS has remained analytically sound, matched the quality achieved by Australasian laboratories and met profession-derived analytical goals for 15years. Copyright © 2017 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Commutability of possible external quality assessment materials for cardiac troponin measurement.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shunli Zhang

Full Text Available The measurement of cardiac troponin is crucial in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. The performance of troponin measurement is most conveniently monitored by external quality assessment (EQA programs. The commutability of EQA samples is often unknown and the effectiveness of EQA programs is limited.Commutability of possible EQA materials was evaluated. Commercial control materials used in an EQA program, human serum pools prepared from patient samples, purified analyte preparations, swine sera from model animals and a set of patient samples were measured for cTnI with 4 assays including Abbott Architect, Beckman Access, Ortho Vitros and Siemens Centaur. The measurement results were logarithm-transformed, and the transformed data for patient samples were pairwise analyzed with Deming regression and 95% prediction intervals were calculated for each pair of assays. The commutability of the materials was evaluated by comparing the logarithmic results of the materials with the limits of the intervals. Matrix-related biases were estimated for noncommutable materials. The impact of matrix-related bias on EQA was analyzed and a possible correction for the bias was proposed.Human serum pools were commutable for all assays; purified analyte preparations were commutable for 2 of the 6 assay pairs; commercial control materials and swine sera were all noncommutable; swine sera showed no reactivity to Vitros assay. The matrix-related biases for noncommutable materials ranged from -83% to 944%. Matrix-related biases of the EQA materials caused major abnormal between-assay variations in the EQA program and correction of the biases normalized the variations.Commutability of materials has major impact on the effectiveness of EQA programs for cTnI measurement. Human serum pools prepared from patient samples are commutable and other materials are mostly noncommutable. EQA programs should include at least one human serum pool to allow proper interpretation of

Quality assurance for HIV point-of-care testing and treatment monitoring assays

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Adrienne F.A. Meyers

2016-10-01

Full Text Available In 2015, UNAIDS launched the 90-90-90 targets aimed at increasing the number of peopleinfected with HIV to become aware of their status, access antiretroviral therapies and ultimatelybe virally suppressed. To achieve these goals, countries may need to scale up point-of-care (POC testing in addition to strengthening central laboratory services. While decentralisingtesting increases patient access to diagnostics, it presents many challenges with regard totraining and assuring the quality of tests and testing. To ensure synergies, the London Schoolof Hygiene & Tropical Medicine held a series of consultations with countries with an interestin quality assurance and their implementing partners, and agreed on an external qualityassessment (EQA programme to ensure reliable results so that the results lead to the bestpossible care for HIV patients. As a result of the consultations, EQA International wasestablished, bringing together EQA providers and implementers to develop a strategic planfor countries to establish national POC EQA programmes and to estimate the cost of setting upand maintaining the programme. With the dramatic increase in the number of proficiencytesting panels required for thousands of POC testing sites across Africa, it is important tofacilitate technology transfer from global EQA providers to a network of regional EQA centresin Africa for regional proficiency testing panel production. EQA International will continue toidentify robust and cost-effective EQA technologies for quality POC testing, integrating noveltechnologies to support sustainable country-owned EQA programmes in Africa.

Lack of grading agreement among international hemostasis external quality assessment programs.

Science.gov (United States)

Olson, John D; Jennings, Ian; Meijer, Piet; Bon, Chantal; Bonar, Roslyn; Favaloro, Emmanuel J; Higgins, Russell A; Keeney, Michael; Mammen, Joy; Marlar, Richard A; Meley, Roland; Nair, Sukesh C; Nichols, William L; Raby, Anne; Reverter, Joan C; Srivastava, Alok; Walker, Isobel

2018-01-01

: Laboratory quality programs rely on internal quality control and external quality assessment (EQA). EQA programs provide unknown specimens for the laboratory to test. The laboratory's result is compared with other (peer) laboratories performing the same test. EQA programs assign target values using a variety of methods statistical tools and performance assessment of 'pass' or 'fail' is made. EQA provider members of the international organization, external quality assurance in thrombosis and hemostasis, took part in a study to compare outcome of performance analysis using the same data set of laboratory results. Eleven EQA organizations using eight different analytical approaches participated. Data for a normal and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and a normal and reduced factor VIII (FVIII) from 218 laboratories were sent to the EQA providers who analyzed the data set using their method of evaluation for aPTT and FVIII, determining the performance for each laboratory record in the data set. Providers also summarized their statistical approach to assignment of target values and laboratory performance. Each laboratory record in the data set was graded pass/fail by all EQA providers for each of the four analytes. There was a lack of agreement of pass/fail grading among EQA programs. Discordance in the grading was 17.9 and 11% of normal and prolonged aPTT results, respectively, and 20.2 and 17.4% of normal and reduced FVIII results, respectively. All EQA programs in this study employed statistical methods compliant with the International Standardization Organization (ISO), ISO 13528, yet the evaluation of laboratory results for all four analytes showed remarkable grading discordance.

Lack of grading agreement among international hemostasis external quality assessment programs

Science.gov (United States)

Olson, John D.; Jennings, Ian; Meijer, Piet; Bon, Chantal; Bonar, Roslyn; Favaloro, Emmanuel J.; Higgins, Russell A.; Keeney, Michael; Mammen, Joy; Marlar, Richard A.; Meley, Roland; Nair, Sukesh C.; Nichols, William L.; Raby, Anne; Reverter, Joan C.; Srivastava, Alok; Walker, Isobel

2018-01-01

Laboratory quality programs rely on internal quality control and external quality assessment (EQA). EQA programs provide unknown specimens for the laboratory to test. The laboratory's result is compared with other (peer) laboratories performing the same test. EQA programs assign target values using a variety of methods statistical tools and performance assessment of ‘pass’ or ‘fail’ is made. EQA provider members of the international organization, external quality assurance in thrombosis and hemostasis, took part in a study to compare outcome of performance analysis using the same data set of laboratory results. Eleven EQA organizations using eight different analytical approaches participated. Data for a normal and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and a normal and reduced factor VIII (FVIII) from 218 laboratories were sent to the EQA providers who analyzed the data set using their method of evaluation for aPTT and FVIII, determining the performance for each laboratory record in the data set. Providers also summarized their statistical approach to assignment of target values and laboratory performance. Each laboratory record in the data set was graded pass/fail by all EQA providers for each of the four analytes. There was a lack of agreement of pass/fail grading among EQA programs. Discordance in the grading was 17.9 and 11% of normal and prolonged aPTT results, respectively, and 20.2 and 17.4% of normal and reduced FVIII results, respectively. All EQA programs in this study employed statistical methods compliant with the International Standardization Organization (ISO), ISO 13528, yet the evaluation of laboratory results for all four analytes showed remarkable grading discordance. PMID:29232255

External quality assessment programs in the context of ISO 15189 accreditation.

Science.gov (United States)

Sciacovelli, Laura; Secchiero, Sandra; Padoan, Andrea; Plebani, Mario

2018-05-23

Effective management of clinical laboratories participating in external quality assessment schemes (EQAS) is of fundamental importance in ensuring reliable analytical results. The International Standard ISO 15189:2012 requires participation in interlaboratory comparison [e.g. external quality assessment (EQA)] for all tests provided by an individual laboratory. If EQAS is not commercially available, alternative approaches should be identified, although clinical laboratories may find it challenging to choose the EQAS that comply with the international standards and approved guidelines. Great competence is therefore required, as well as knowledge of the characteristics and key elements affecting the reliability of an EQAS, and the analytical quality specifications stated in approved documents. Another skill of fundamental importance is the ability to identify an alternative approach when the available EQAS are inadequate or missing. Yet the choice of the right EQA program alone does not guarantee its effectiveness. In fact, the fundamental steps of analysis of the information provided in EQA reports and the ability to identify improvement actions to be undertaken call for the involvement of all laboratory staff playing a role in the specific activity. The aim of this paper was to describe the critical aspects that EQA providers and laboratory professionals should control in order to guarantee effective EQAS management and compliance with ISO 15189 accreditation requirements.

Quality assurance for HIV point-of-care testing and treatment monitoring assays

Science.gov (United States)

Sandstrom, Paul; Denny, Thomas N.; Hurlston, Mackenzie; Ball, Terry B.; Peeling, Rosanna W.; Boeras, Debrah I.

2016-01-01

In 2015, UNAIDS launched the 90-90-90 targets aimed at increasing the number of people infected with HIV to become aware of their status, access antiretroviral therapies and ultimately be virally suppressed. To achieve these goals, countries may need to scale up point-of-care (POC) testing in addition to strengthening central laboratory services. While decentralising testing increases patient access to diagnostics, it presents many challenges with regard to training and assuring the quality of tests and testing. To ensure synergies, the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine held a series of consultations with countries with an interest in quality assurance and their implementing partners, and agreed on an external quality assessment (EQA) programme to ensure reliable results so that the results lead to the best possible care for HIV patients. As a result of the consultations, EQA International was established, bringing together EQA providers and implementers to develop a strategic plan for countries to establish national POC EQA programmes and to estimate the cost of setting up and maintaining the programme. With the dramatic increase in the number of proficiency testing panels required for thousands of POC testing sites across Africa, it is important to facilitate technology transfer from global EQA providers to a network of regional EQA centres in Africa for regional proficiency testing panel production. EQA International will continue to identify robust and cost-effective EQA technologies for quality POC testing, integrating novel technologies to support sustainable country-owned EQA programmes in Africa. PMID:28879133

Lack of grading agreement among international hemostasis external quality assessment programs

OpenAIRE

Olson, John D.; Jennings, Ian; Meijer, Piet; Bon, Chantal; Bonar, Roslyn; Favaloro, Emmanuel J.; Higgins, Russell A.; Keeney, Michael; Mammen, Joy; Marlar, Richard A.; Meley, Roland; Nair, Sukesh C.; Nichols, William L.; Raby, Anne; Reverter, Joan C.

2018-01-01

Laboratory quality programs rely on internal quality control and external quality assessment (EQA). EQA programs provide unknown specimens for the laboratory to test. The laboratory's result is compared with other (peer) laboratories performing the same test. EQA programs assign target values using a variety of methods statistical tools and performance assessment of ‘pass’ or ‘fail’ is made. EQA provider members of the international organization, external quality assurance in thrombosis and h...

Improvement in the performance of external quality assessment in Korean HIV clinical laboratories using unrecalcified human plasma.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Jin-Sook; Kee, Mee-Kyung; Choi, Byeong-Sun; Kim, Chan-Wha; Kim, Hyon-Suk; Kim, Sung Soon

2012-01-01

The external quality assessment schemes (EQAS) organizer provides a suitable program to monitor and improve the quality of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing laboratories with EQAS panels prepared under various conditions. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of human plasma samples on the EQAS results of HIV obtained from hospital-based clinical laboratories. From 2007 to 2009, HIV EQAS panels consisted of four to six samples that consisted of undiluted positive and negative samples and were provided to laboratories twice per year. Up until the first half EQAS in 2008, EQAS panel materials were obtained by converting acid citrate dextrose treated plasma to serum via chemical treatment with CaCl2. Beginning with the second EQAS in 2008, all materials were prepared without the defibrination process. Approximately 300 HIV clinical laboratories participated in this program. The overall performance of clinical laboratories was shown to be improved when using unrecalcified plasma panels compared with recalcified panels. Significant differences were observed in EIA analyses of plasma for both positive (plaboratories.

Propagación in vitro de Heliconia bihai (L. cv. Lobster Salmón a partir de meristemos florales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Marta Leonor Marulanda-ángel

2011-04-01

Full Text Available Se desarrolló un protocolo de propagación in vitro a partir de meristemos florales para Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Salmón. Para el efecto se establecieron 250 yemas florales en diferentes tiempos utilizando NaClO al 1% durante 20 min. El medio de establecimiento Murashige y Skoog con mejores resultados fue BAP (2 mg/lt, AIA (1 mg/lt y 0.1 g/lt de L-cisteína. La mayor produccion de brotes en multiplicación se obtuvo con 6 mg/lt de BAP y con un subcultivo posterior en medio con 2 mg/lt de BAP y 0.5 mg/lt de AIA, alcanzando una tasa de multiplicación de tres nuevas yemas. El enraizamiento de las plántulas in vitro se logró con 1.3 mg/lt de AIA. La aclimatación en vivero fue 92% de supervivencia. Se realizó un análisis de varianza (Anova y un test de Tukey para las variables evaluadas las cuales mostraron diferencias estadísticas en cada fase. La propagación in vitro de heliconias a partir de yemas florales requiere mayor tiempo en la fase de establecimiento y multiplicación, no obstante permite mayores porcentajes de supervivencia y una menor contaminación, ofreciendo material de siembra de diferentes especies de esta planta de interés comercial.

How to conduct External Quality Assessment Schemes for the pre-analytical phase?

Science.gov (United States)

Kristensen, Gunn B B; Aakre, Kristin Moberg; Kristoffersen, Ann Helen; Sandberg, Sverre

2014-01-01

In laboratory medicine, several studies have described the most frequent errors in the different phases of the total testing process, and a large proportion of these errors occur in the pre-analytical phase. Schemes for registration of errors and subsequent feedback to the participants have been conducted for decades concerning the analytical phase by External Quality Assessment (EQA) organizations operating in most countries. The aim of the paper is to present an overview of different types of EQA schemes for the pre-analytical phase, and give examples of some existing schemes. So far, very few EQA organizations have focused on the pre-analytical phase, and most EQA organizations do not offer pre-analytical EQA schemes (EQAS). It is more difficult to perform and standardize pre-analytical EQAS and also, accreditation bodies do not ask the laboratories for results from such schemes. However, some ongoing EQA programs for the pre-analytical phase do exist, and some examples are given in this paper. The methods used can be divided into three different types; collecting information about pre-analytical laboratory procedures, circulating real samples to collect information about interferences that might affect the measurement procedure, or register actual laboratory errors and relate these to quality indicators. These three types have different focus and different challenges regarding implementation, and a combination of the three is probably necessary to be able to detect and monitor the wide range of errors occurring in the pre-analytical phase.

External quality assessment in gynaecological cytology: The Trent Region experience. The Trent Regional Gynaecological Pathology Quality Assurance Group for the National Health Service Cervical Screening Programme.

Science.gov (United States)

Slater, D N; Hewer, E M; Melling, S E; Rice, S

2002-08-01

A Department of Health Executive Letter stated in 1998 that the principal function of external quality assessment (EQA) is educational. Subsequently, in England, it has no longer been acceptable to assess performance in gynaecological cytology by proficiency testing. This paper describes the EQA scheme in gynaecological cytology that has been run by the Trent Regional Gynaecological Pathology Quality Assurance Group for the NHS Cervical Screening Programme (NHSCSP) since 1998. It conforms as closely as possible to the recommendations published by the Department of Health Working Group on Histopathology EQA Accreditation, and replaced the national proficiency testing protocol. The educational value of the scheme is derived predominantly from a numerical score which provides confidential and quantitative feedback to all participants. Personal performance monitoring occurs as a secondary function. For primary screeners and checkers, this is based purely on the distinction between negative, inadequate and abnormal smears. For pathologists, personal performance monitoring also includes grading of abnormalities. The EQA has been designed so that all professional groups participate in a manner that closely mimics normal practice. Only slides that have achieved an 80% consensus amongst participants are used in the EQA. Substandard performance has been defined as those participants with scores falling below the 2.5%ile. The paper describes the EQA in detail and illustrates its use by means of the second round results. The EQA protocol developed within Trent and described in this paper has contributed to proposals contained in the current national EQA in gynaecological cytology for the NHSCSP. In particular this paper highlights the effectiveness of the scoring system contained within the Trent and National EQA protocols.

Propagación in vitro de Heliconia bihai (L. cv. Lobster Salmón a partir de meristemos florales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Londoño-Giraldo Lina María

2011-06-01

Full Text Available

Se desarrolló un protocolo de propagación in vitro a partir de meristemos florales para Heliconia bihai cv. Lobster Salmón. Para el efecto se establecieron 250 yemas florales en diferentes tiempos utilizando NaClO al 1% durante 20 min. El medio de establecimiento Murashige y Skoog con mejores resultados fue BAP (2 mg/lt, AIA (1 mg/lt y 0.1 g/lt de L-cisteína. La mayor produccion de brotes en multiplicación se obtuvo con 6 mg/lt de BAP y con un subcultivo posterior en medio con 2 mg/lt de BAP y 0.5 mg/lt de AIA, alcanzando una tasa de multiplicación de tres nuevas yemas. El enraizamiento de las plántulas in vitro se logró con 1.3 mg/lt de AIA. La aclimatación en vivero fue 92% de supervivencia. Se realizó un análisis de varianza (Anova y un test de Tukey para las variables evaluadas las cuales mostraron diferencias estadísticas en cada fase. La propagación in vitro de heliconias a partir de yemas florales requiere mayor tiempo en la fase de establecimiento y multiplicación, no obstante permite mayores porcentajes de supervivencia y una menor contaminación, ofreciendo material de siembra de diferentes especies de esta planta de interés comercial.

Analytical performance specifications for external quality assessment - definitions and descriptions.

Science.gov (United States)

Jones, Graham R D; Albarede, Stephanie; Kesseler, Dagmar; MacKenzie, Finlay; Mammen, Joy; Pedersen, Morten; Stavelin, Anne; Thelen, Marc; Thomas, Annette; Twomey, Patrick J; Ventura, Emma; Panteghini, Mauro

2017-06-27

External Quality Assurance (EQA) is vital to ensure acceptable analytical quality in medical laboratories. A key component of an EQA scheme is an analytical performance specification (APS) for each measurand that a laboratory can use to assess the extent of deviation of the obtained results from the target value. A consensus conference held in Milan in 2014 has proposed three models to set APS and these can be applied to setting APS for EQA. A goal arising from this conference is the harmonisation of EQA APS between different schemes to deliver consistent quality messages to laboratories irrespective of location and the choice of EQA provider. At this time there are wide differences in the APS used in different EQA schemes for the same measurands. Contributing factors to this variation are that the APS in different schemes are established using different criteria, applied to different types of data (e.g. single data points, multiple data points), used for different goals (e.g. improvement of analytical quality; licensing), and with the aim of eliciting different responses from participants. This paper provides recommendations from the European Federation of Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Task and Finish Group on Performance Specifications for External Quality Assurance Schemes (TFG-APSEQA) and on clear terminology for EQA APS. The recommended terminology covers six elements required to understand APS: 1) a statement on the EQA material matrix and its commutability; 2) the method used to assign the target value; 3) the data set to which APS are applied; 4) the applicable analytical property being assessed (i.e. total error, bias, imprecision, uncertainty); 5) the rationale for the selection of the APS; and 6) the type of the Milan model(s) used to set the APS. The terminology is required for EQA participants and other interested parties to understand the meaning of meeting or not meeting APS.

The experience of 3 years of external quality assessment of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for cystic fibrosis

Science.gov (United States)

Deans, Zandra; Fiorentino, Francesco; Biricik, Anil; Traeger-Synodinos, Joanne; Moutou, Céline; De Rycke, Martine; Renwick, Pamela; SenGupta, Sioban; Goossens, Veerle; Harton, Gary

2013-01-01

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) was first performed over 20 years ago and has become an accepted part of genetic testing and assisted reproduction worldwide. The techniques and protocols necessary to carry out genetic testing at the single-cell level can be difficult to master and have been developed independently by the laboratories worldwide offering preimplantation testing. These factors indicated the need for an external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for monogenic disease PGD. Toward this end, the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology came together with United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Services for Molecular Genetics, to create a pilot EQA scheme followed by practical EQA schemes for all interested parties. Here, we detail the development of the pilot scheme as well as development and findings from the practical (clinical) schemes that have followed. Results were generally acceptable and there was marked improvement in results and laboratory scores for those labs that participated in multiple schemes. Data from the first three schemes indicate that the EQA scheme is working as planned and has helped laboratories improve their techniques and result reporting. The EQA scheme for monogenic PGD will continue to be developed to offer assessment for other monogenic disorders. PMID:23150080

Creation of a synthetic indicator of quality of care as a clinical management standard in primary care.

Science.gov (United States)

Coma, Ermengol; Ferran, Manel; Méndez, Leonardo; Iglesias, Begoña; Fina, Francesc; Medina, Manuel

2013-12-01

The development of electronic medical records has allowed the creation of new quality indicators in healthcare. Among them, synthetic indicators facilitate global interpretation of results and comparisons between professionals. A healthcare quality standard (EQA, the Catalan acronym for Estàndard de Qualitat Assistencial) was constructed to serve as a synthetic indicator to measure the quality of care provided by primary care professionals in Catalonia (Spain). The project phases were to establish the reference population; select health problems to be included; define, select and deliberate about subindicators; and construct and publish the EQA. Construction of the EQA involved 107 healthcare professionals, and 91 health problems were included. In addition, 133 experts were consulted, who proposed a total of 339 indicators. After systematic paired comparison, 61 indicators were selected to create the synthetic indicator. The EQA is now calculated on a monthly basis for more than 8000 healthcare professionals using an automated process that extracts data from electronic medical records; results are published on a follow-up website. Along with the use of the online EQA results tool, there has been an ongoing improvement in most of the quality of care indicators. Creation of the EQA has proven to be useful for the measurement of the quality of care of primary care services. Also an improvement trend over 5 years is shown across most of the measured indicators. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-51) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

External quality assurance of malaria nucleic acid testing for clinical trials and eradication surveillance.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sean C Murphy

Full Text Available Nucleic acid testing (NAT for malaria parasites is an increasingly recommended diagnostic endpoint in clinical trials of vaccine and drug candidates and is also important in surveillance of malaria control and elimination efforts. A variety of reported NAT assays have been described, yet no formal external quality assurance (EQA program provides validation for the assays in use. Here, we report results of an EQA exercise for malaria NAT assays. Among five centers conducting controlled human malaria infection trials, all centers achieved 100% specificity and demonstrated limits of detection consistent with each laboratory's pre-stated expectations. Quantitative bias of reported results compared to expected results was generally <0.5 log10 parasites/mL except for one laboratory where the EQA effort identified likely reasons for a general quantitative shift. The within-laboratory variation for all assays was low at <10% coefficient of variation across a range of parasite densities. Based on this study, we propose to create a Molecular Malaria Quality Assessment program that fulfills the need for EQA of malaria NAT assays worldwide.

Laboratory diagnosis of the rare anaemias: external quality assessment benefits patient care

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Barbara De La Salle

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Since its introduction in the 1960s, external quality assessment has developed to become an essential component of the quality management system of the diagnostic laboratory. External quality assessment provides a long term, retrospective view of laboratory performance, demonstrating the competence of the laboratory to others. The ENERCA project (the European Network for Rare and Congenital Anaemias has established a list of core laboratory tests that are used in the diagnosis of rare and congenital anaemias, which has been used as the basis for questionnaires to laboratories, to establish the use and quality assurance of diagnostic testing in the congenital and rare anaemias, and to European EQA providers for services in this key area. In general, the provision of EQA for rare and congenital anaemias is widely variable with little provision for the very rare disorders. For the more common congenital anaemias, such as the haemoglobinopathies and thalassaemias, provision is better but there is variation in aspects of the scheme design, especially the frequency of distribution. Where laboratories did not take part in EQA for individual tests, or there was no EQA available, a desire to participate was expressed in 66% (102/154 of cases. The provision of external quality assessment (EQA services for rare disorders is a challenge. For many of these conditions, the number of patients in any one member state is very small with only a few laboratories providing diagnostic testing. In these cases, the development of pan-European or cross-border EQA may be the only means by which standardisation of methods and results can be achieved. An EQA survey of 243 laboratories for performance in Hb A2 quantification showed encouraging results in that there was a clear differentiation in the results from a beta Thalassaemia carrier and an individual with no evidence of Thalassaemia; however, a bias was observed between different methods of measurement.

Intensive educational efforts combined with external quality assessment improve the preanalytical phase in general practitioner offices and nursing homes.

Science.gov (United States)

Sølvik, Una Ørvim; Bjelkarøy, Wenche Iren; Berg, Kari van den; Saga, Anne Lise; Hager, Helle Borgstrøm; Sandberg, Sverre

2017-10-26

Errors in the preanalytical phase in clinical laboratories affect patient safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intensive educational efforts together with external quality assessment (EQA) of the preanalytical phase from 2013 to 2015 to improve patient identification in primary health care in Norway. In addition, routines for venous and capillary blood sampling were investigated. A preanalytical EQA was circulated in 2013 by the Norwegian Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus) to general practitioner offices and nursing homes (n=2000) to obtain information about important issues to focus on before launching an intensive educational program with courses, posters and visits in 2013-2015. Preanalytical EQA surveys were further circulated in 2014 and 2015. The response rate varied between 42% and 55%. The percentages of participants asking for the patients' name and the Norwegian identification number increased from about 8% in 2013 to about 35% in 2015. The increase was similar for those participating in only one EQA survey and for those who participated in EQA surveys both in 2013 and 2015. Guidelines for venous and capillary blood sampling were not always followed. Educational efforts more than the preanalytical EQA influenced the actions and resulted in an increase in the percentages of participants that followed the guidelines for patient identification. Some aspects of blood sampling routines need improvement.

External quality assurance of malaria nucleic acid testing for clinical trials and eradication surveillance.

Science.gov (United States)

Murphy, Sean C; Hermsen, Cornelus C; Douglas, Alexander D; Edwards, Nick J; Petersen, Ines; Fahle, Gary A; Adams, Matthew; Berry, Andrea A; Billman, Zachary P; Gilbert, Sarah C; Laurens, Matthew B; Leroy, Odile; Lyke, Kristen E; Plowe, Christopher V; Seilie, Annette M; Strauss, Kathleen A; Teelen, Karina; Hill, Adrian V S; Sauerwein, Robert W

2014-01-01

Nucleic acid testing (NAT) for malaria parasites is an increasingly recommended diagnostic endpoint in clinical trials of vaccine and drug candidates and is also important in surveillance of malaria control and elimination efforts. A variety of reported NAT assays have been described, yet no formal external quality assurance (EQA) program provides validation for the assays in use. Here, we report results of an EQA exercise for malaria NAT assays. Among five centers conducting controlled human malaria infection trials, all centers achieved 100% specificity and demonstrated limits of detection consistent with each laboratory's pre-stated expectations. Quantitative bias of reported results compared to expected results was generally Quality Assessment program that fulfills the need for EQA of malaria NAT assays worldwide.

A new method of regional eco-environmental quality assessment and its application.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Xiaodan; Cao, Yingzi; Zhong, Xianghao; Gao, Pan

2012-01-01

Eco-environmental quality assessment (EQA) is an intricate and challenging task that must take into account numerous natural, economic, political, and social factors, which are subject to multiple conflicting criteria. In this paper, a methodological reference framework is developed for EQA that combines the fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) with a geographic information system (GIS). The proposed method significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of evaluation results through the incorporation of fuzzy set theory. A GIS not only has the ability to store and analyze large amounts of spatial data from different sources but also provides a consistent visualization environment for displaying the input data and the results of EQA. Furthermore, unlike prior EQAs, the proposed method can support the dynamic estimation of regional eco-environmental quality by updating historical spatiotemporal data at little additional cost. A case study is presented for the western Tibetan Plateau. The study results show that worse, bad, and moderate eco-environmental quality classes comprised 16.58, 20.15, and 24.84% of the total area, respectively. Good and better eco-environmental quality classes accounted for 38.43%. This result indicates that nearly 62% of the total area is eco-environmentally vulnerable. The results verified the usefulness and feasibility of the proposed method. The EQA can also help local managers make scientifically based and effective decisions about Tibetan eco-environmental protection and land use. Copyright © by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc.

Sequential acquisition of R-plasmids in vivo by Salmonella typhimurium.

Science.gov (United States)

Platt, D J; Sommerville, J S; Gribben, J

1984-01-01

Salmonella typhimurium, resistant only to trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole, was isolated from the faeces and blood of a chronic alcoholic patient in acute renal failure. The isolates harboured an 18 Md non-conjugative plasmid. He was dialysed peritoneally and treated with ampicillin; four days later there was no clinical improvement and his peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF) had become infected. Salm. typhimurium was isolated from faeces and PDF. Both isolates were additionally resistant to ampicillin and contained two plasmids (55 Md and 18 Md). Therapy was changed to chloramphenicol and gentamicin was added to the PDF. Two weeks later Salm. typhimurium was again isolated from PDF and faeces. The PDF isolate was unchanged but 4% of the colonies isolated from this faecal specimen were resistant to chloramphenicol and had acquired an additional 62 Md plasmid. From all PDF and faecal specimens two different strains of Escherichia coli and one strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated which contained plasmids indistinguishable, on the basis of molecular weight and transferable resistance markers, from those acquired by Salm. typhimurium. The transferability of these plasmids in vitro to E. coli K12 and to the patient's initial Salm. typhimurium was studied and the results discussed.

Coordination-driven self-assembly of a novel carbonato-bridged heteromolecular neutral nickel(II) triangle by atmospheric CO2 fixation.

Science.gov (United States)

Mukherjee, Pampa; Drew, Michael G B; Estrader, Marta; Ghosh, Ashutosh

2008-09-01

Formation of a quasi-symmetrical mu 3-carbonato-bridged self-assembled heteromolecular triangle of Ni(II), [(mu 3-CO 3){Ni 2(salmeNH) 2(NCS) 2}{Ni(salmeNH 2) 2].Et 2O.H 2O (HsalmeNH = 2-[(3-methylamino-propylimino)-methyl]-phenol) involves atmospheric CO 2 uptake in a neutral medium, by spontaneous self-reorganization of the starting mononuclear Ni(II)-Schiff-base complex, [Ni(salmeNH) 2]. The environment around Ni(II) in two of the subunits is different from the third one. The starting complex, [Ni(salmeNH) 2], and one of the possible intermediate species, [Ni(salmeNH 2) 2(NCS) 2], which has a very similar coordination environment to that in the third Ni(II) center, have been characterized structurally. A plausible mechanism for the formation of such a triangle has also been proposed. The compound shows a very strong antiferromagnetic coupling. Fit as a regular triangular arrangement gave J = -53.1, g = 2.24, and R = 1.5 x 10 (-4).

Assessing the Organisational Impact of External Quality Assurance: Hypothesising Key Dimensions and Mechanisms

Science.gov (United States)

Stensaker, Bjørn; Leiber, Theodor

2015-01-01

The aim of the article is to provide a framework in which the organisational impact of external quality assurance (EQA) can be assessed. Based on existing studies of the impact of EQA in universities and colleges it is suggested that greater systematisation of how impact is measured is needed for a better understanding of how EQA can be used as a…

A new approach to define acceptance limits for hematology in external quality assessment schemes.

Science.gov (United States)

Soumali, Mohamed Rida; Van Blerk, Marjan; Akharif, Abdelhadi; Albarède, Stéphanie; Kesseler, Dagmar; Gutierrez, Gabriela; de la Salle, Barbara; Plum, Inger; Guyard, Anne; Favia, Ana Paula; Coucke, Wim

2017-10-26

A study performed in 2007 comparing the evaluation procedures used in European external quality assessment schemes (EQAS) for hemoglobin and leukocyte concentrations showed that acceptance criteria vary widely. For this reason, the Hematology working group from the European Organisation for External Quality Assurance Providers in Laboratory Medicine (EQALM) decided to perform a statistical study with the aim of establishing appropriate acceptance limits (AL) allowing harmonization between the evaluation procedures of European EQAS organizers. Eight EQAS organizers from seven European countries provided their hematology survey results from 2010 to 2012 for red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cells (WBC), platelets and reticulocytes. More than 440,000 data were collected. The relation between the absolute value of the relative differences between reported EQA results and their corresponding assigned value (U-scores) was modeled by means of an adaptation of Thompson's "characteristic function". Quantile regression was used to investigate the percentiles of the U-scores for each target concentration range. For deriving AL, focus was mainly on the upper percentiles (90th, 95th and 99th). For RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit and MCV, no relation was found between the U-scores and the target concentrations for any of the percentiles. For WBC, platelets and reticulocytes, a relation with the target concentrations was found and concentration-dependent ALs were determined. The approach enabled to determine state of the art-based ALs, that were concentration-dependent when necessary and usable by various EQA providers. It could also easily be applied to other domains.

RAS screening in colorectal cancer: a comprehensive analysis of the results from the UK NEQAS colorectal cancer external quality assurance schemes (2009-2016).

Science.gov (United States)

Richman, Susan D; Fairley, Jennifer; Butler, Rachel; Deans, Zandra C

2017-12-01

Evidence strongly indicates that extended RAS testing should be undertaken in mCRC patients, prior to prescribing anti-EGFR therapies. With more laboratories implementing testing, the requirement for External Quality Assurance schemes increases, thus ensuring high standards of molecular analysis. Data was analysed from 15 United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Service (UK NEQAS) for Molecular Genetics Colorectal cancer external quality assurance (EQA) schemes, delivered between 2009 and 2016. Laboratories were provided annually with nine colorectal tumour samples for genotyping. Information on methodology and extent of testing coverage was requested, and scores given for genotyping, interpretation and clerical accuracy. There has been a sixfold increase in laboratory participation (18 in 2009 to 108 in 2016). For RAS genotyping, fewer laboratories now use Roche cobas®, pyrosequencing and Sanger sequencing, with more moving to next generation sequencing (NGS). NGS is the most commonly employed technology for BRAF and PIK3CA mutation screening. KRAS genotyping errors were seen in ≤10% laboratories, until the 2014-2015 scheme, when there was an increase to 16.7%, corresponding to a large increase in scheme participants. NRAS genotyping errors peaked at 25.6% in the first 2015-2016 scheme but subsequently dropped to below 5%. Interpretation and clerical accuracy scores have been consistently good throughout. Within this EQA scheme, we have observed that the quality of molecular analysis for colorectal cancer has continued to improve, despite changes in the required targets, the volume of testing and the technologies employed. It is reassuring to know that laboratories clearly recognise the importance of participating in EQA schemes.

Sex Work as an Emerging Risk Factor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seroconversion Among People who Inject Drugs in the SurvUDI Network.

Science.gov (United States)

Blouin, Karine; Leclerc, Pascale; Morissette, Carole; Roy, Élise; Blanchette, Caty; Parent, Raymond; Serhir, Bouchra; Alary, Michel

2016-10-01

Recent analyses have shown an emerging positive association between sex work and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence among people who inject drugs (PWIDs) in the SurvUDI network. Participants who had injected in the past 6 months were recruited across the Province of Quebec and in the city of Ottawa, mainly in harm reduction programs. They completed a questionnaire and provided gingival exudate for HIV antibody testing. The associations with HIV seroconversion were tested with a Cox proportional hazard model using time-dependent covariables including the main variable of interest, sexual activity (sex work; no sex work; sexually inactive). The final model included significant variables and confounders of the associations with sexual activity. Seventy-two HIV seroconversions were observed during 5239.2 person-years (py) of follow-up (incidence rates: total = 1.4/100 py; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-1.7; sex work = 2.5/100 py; 95% CI, 1.5-3.6; no sex work = 0.8/100 py; 95% CI, 0.5-1.2; sexually inactive = 1.8/100 py; 95% CI, 1.1-2.5). In the final multivariate model, HIV incidence was significantly associated with sexual activity (sex work: adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 2.19; 95% CI, 1.13-4.25; sexually inactive: AHR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.92-2.88), and injection with a needle/syringe used by someone else (AHR, 2.84; 95% CI, 1.73-4.66). Sex work is independently associated with HIV incidence among PWIDs. At the other end of the spectrum of sexual activity, sexually inactive PWIDs have a higher HIV incidence rate, likely due to more profound dependence leading to increased vulnerabilities, which may include mental illness, poverty, and social exclusion. Further studies are needed to understand whether the association between sex work and HIV is related to sexual transmission or other vulnerability factors.

External quality assessment in the voluntary counseling and testing centers in the Brazilian Amazon using dried tube specimens: results of an effectiveness evaluation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Andréa Mônica Brandão Beber

2015-06-01

Full Text Available INTRODUCTION : In 2011, the Brazilian Ministry of Health rolled out a program for the external quality assessment of rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV tests using the dried tube specimen (DTS method (EQA-RT/DTS-HIV. Our objective was to evaluate the implementation of this program at 71 voluntary counseling and testing centers (VCTCs in the Brazilian Legal Amazonian area one year after its introduction. METHODS : Quantitative and qualitative study that analyzed secondary data and interviews with healthcare workers (HCWs (n=39 and VCTC coordinators (n=32 were performed. The assessment used 18 key indicators to evaluate the three dimensions of the program's logical framework: structure, process, and result. Each indicator was scored from 1-4, and the aggregate results corresponding to the dimensions were expressed as proportions. The results were compared to the perceptions of the HCWs and coordinators regarding the EQA-RT/DTS-HIV program. RESULTS: The aggregate scores for the three dimensions of structure, process, and result were 91.7%, 78.6%, and 95%, respectively. The lowest score in each dimension corresponded to a different indicator: access to Quali-TR online system 39% (structure, registration in Quali-TR online system 38.7% (process, and VCTC completed the full process in the program's first round 63.4% (result. Approximately 36% of the HCWs and 52% of the coordinators reported enhanced trust in the program for its rapid HIV testing performance. CONCLUSIONS: All three program dimensions exhibited satisfactory results (>75%. Nevertheless, the study findings highlight the need to improve certain program components. Additionally, long-term follow-ups is needed to provide a more thorough picture of the process for external quality assessment.

[External quality control system in medical microbiology and parasitology in the Czech Republic].

Science.gov (United States)

Slosárek, M; Petrás, P; Kríz, B

2004-11-01

The External Quality Control System (EQAS) of laboratory activities in medical microbiology and parasitology was implemented in the Czech Republic in 1993 with coded sera samples for diagnosis of viral hepatitis and bacterial strains for identification distributed to first participating laboratories. The number of sample types reached 31 in 2003 and the number of participating laboratories rised from 79 in 1993 to 421 in 2003. As many as 15.130 samples were distributed to the participating laboratories in 2003. Currently, almost all microbiology and parasitology laboratories in the Czech Republic involved in examination of clinical material participate in the EQAS. Based on the 11-year experience gained with the EQAS in the Czech Republic, the following benefits were observed: higher accuracy of results in different tests, standardisation of methods and the use of most suitable test kits.

Real-Time Autonomous Obstacle Avoidance for Low-Altitude Fixed-Wing Aircraft

Science.gov (United States)

Owlia, Shahboddin

The GeoSurv II is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) being developed by Carleton University and Sander Geophysics. This thesis is in support of the GeoSurv II project. The objective of the GeoSurv II project is to create a fully autonomous UAV capable of performing geophysical surveys. In order to achieve this level of autonomy, the UAV, which due to the nature of its surveys flies at low altitude, must be able to avoid potential obstacles such as trees, powerlines, telecommunication towers, etc. Developing a method to avoid these obstacles is the objective of this thesis. The literature is rich in methods for trajectory planning and mid-air collision avoidance with other aircraft. In contrast, in this thesis, a method for avoiding static obstacles that are not known a priori is developed. The potential flow theory and panel method are borrowed from fluid mechanics and are employed to generate evasive maneuvers when obstacles are encountered. By means of appropriate modelling of obstacles, the aircraft's constraints are taken into account such that the evasive maneuvers are feasible for the UAV. Moreover, the method is developed with consideration of the limitations of obstacle detection in GeoSurv II. Due to the unavailability of the GeoSurv II aircraft, and the lack of a complete model for GeoSurv II, the method developed is implemented on the non-linear model of the Aerosonde UAV. The Aerosonde model is then subjected to various obstacle scenarios and it is seen that the UAV successfully avoids the obstacles.

External quality assurance programme for enzymatic analysis of lysosomal storage diseases : A pilot study

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Ruijter, G.J.G.; Boer, M.; Weykamp, C. W.; de Vries, R.; van den Berg, I.; Janssens-Puister, J.; Niezen-Koning, K.; Wevers, R. A.; Poorthuis, B. J. H. M.; van Diggelen, O. P.

2005-01-01

Inborn errors of metabolism are rare and laboratories performing diagnostic tests in this field must participate in external quality assurance (EQA) schemes to demonstrate their competence and also to maintain sufficient experience with patient material. EQA schemes for metabolite analyses are

Point-of-care urine albumin in general practice offices: effect of participation in an external quality assurance scheme.

Science.gov (United States)

Bukve, Tone; Røraas, Thomas; Riksheim, Berit Oddny; Christensen, Nina Gade; Sandberg, Sverre

2015-01-01

The Norwegian Quality Improvement of Primary Care Laboratories (Noklus) offers external quality assurance (EQA) schemes (EQASs) for urine albumin (UA) annually. This study analyzed the EQA results to determine how the analytical quality of UA analysis in general practice (GP) offices developed between 1998 (n=473) and 2012 (n=1160). Two EQA urine samples were distributed yearly to the participants by mail. The participants measured the UA of each sample and returned the results together with information about their instrument, the profession and number of employees at the office, frequency of internal quality control (IQC), and number of analyses per month. In the feedback report, they received an assessment of their analytical performance. The number of years that the GP office had participated in Noklus was inversely related to the percentage of "poor" results for quantitative but not semiquantitative instruments. The analytical quality improved for participants using quantitative instruments who received an initial assessment of "poor" and who subsequently changed their instrument. Participants using reagents that had expired or were within 3 months of the expiration date performed worse than those using reagents that were expiring in more than 3 months. Continuous participation in the Noklus program improved the performance of quantitative UA analyses at GP offices. This is probably in part attributable to the complete Noklus quality system, whereby in addition to participating in EQAS, participants are visited by laboratory consultants who examine their procedures and provide practical advice and education regarding the use of different instruments.

Preanalytical external quality assessment of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine and CROQALM: finding undetected weak spots.

Science.gov (United States)

Nikolac, Nora; Krleza, Jasna Lenicek; Simundic, Ana-Maria

2017-02-15

The aim of this paper is to present results of first two years of preanalytical external quality assessment (EQA) in Croatia. This paper summarizes results from 6 rounds of preanalytical EQA during 2014-2016 in 161-175 Croatian laboratories (number ranged between cycles). EQA was designed as an online survey of the compliance with National recommendations for phlebotomy (NRP). Forty-seven questions in 5 categories are analyzed (materials and equipment, patient identification, patient preparation, sampling and storage). Additionally, preanalytical cases are presented. Overall performance scores (Question score (Qscore) for compliance with NRP and Case score (Cscore) for preanalytical cases) are calculated for each question/case as a proportion of laboratories with satisfactory procedure (x 100). Qscores and Cscores ≥ 70 were classified as acceptable (maximal score = 100). In investigation of compliance with NRP, acceptable Qscores were obtained for 34/47 questions. The lowest scores were observed for the availability of sterile disposable tourniquets (Qscore = 15) and safe-sharp needles (Qscore = 34), obtaining patients address as an identifier (Qscore = 21), using glycolysis inhibitor tubes for glucose concentration measurement (Qscore = 21) and verification of manufacturers declarations on temperature and time of storage (Qscore = 31). There was no statistically significant difference in overall Qscore according to different categories of phlebotomy procedures (P = 0.284). The results of preanalytical cases showed acceptable Cscore values for all cases (89-96). First two years of preanalytical EQA showed good compliance with the NRP and excellent expertise in resolving complex preanalytical issues. Major critical spots are lack of availability of safe-sharp needles, disposable tourniquets and glucose inhibitor tubes.

External quality assessment of dengue and chikungunya diagnostics in the Asia Pacific region, 2015

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Li Ting Soh

2016-04-01

Full Text Available Objective: To conduct an external quality assessment (EQA of dengue and chikungunya diagnostics among national-level public health laboratories in the Asia Pacific region following the first round of EQA for dengue diagnostics in 2013. Methods: Twenty-four national-level public health laboratories performed routine diagnostic assays on a proficiency testing panel consisting of two modules. Module A contained serum samples spiked with cultured dengue virus (DENV or chikungunya virus (CHIKV for the detection of nucleic acid and DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1 antigen. Module B contained human serum samples for the detection of anti-DENV antibodies. Results: Among 20 laboratories testing Module A, 17 (85% correctly detected DENV RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR, 18 (90% correctly determined serotype and 19 (95% correctly identified CHIKV by RT-PCR. Ten of 15 (66.7% laboratories performing NS1 antigen assays obtained the correct results. In Module B, 18/23 (78.3% and 20/20 (100% of laboratories correctly detected anti-DENV IgM and IgG, respectively. Detection of acute/recent DENV infection by both molecular (RT-PCR and serological methods (IgM was available in 19/24 (79.2% participating laboratories. Discussion: Accurate laboratory testing is a critical component of dengue and chikungunya surveillance and control. This second round of EQA reveals good proficiency in molecular and serological diagnostics of these diseases in the Asia Pacific region. Further comprehensive diagnostic testing, including testing for Zika virus, should comprise future iterations of the EQA.

Quality assurance in diabetic retinal screening in South Africa | Cook ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

... external quality assurance (EQA) on graders registered in the Ophthalmological Society of South Africa DR screening programme. Methods. Graders registered on the South African (SA) Diabetic Register website were invited to participate in the study. The Scottish EQA software system was used to enable on-line grading ...

EQA-17: propuesta de un indicador sintético del producto de la atención primaria en mayores de 14 años

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ángel Vila Córcoles

2006-01-01

Full Text Available Múltiples indicadores miden diferentes aspectos del amplio aba-nico de actividades que desarrollan los equipos de atención primaria(EAP. Sin embargo, su amplio número dificulta su interpretaciónpuesto que la mayoría aportan información parcial y no proporcio-nan una visión global de los resultados. Este trabajo propone unmodelo teórico para el cálculo estandarizado de un indicador «sinté-tico» que permita medir y comparar el producto clínico-asistencialgenerado por los EAPs. Para la construcción del indicador sintéticose realizó una metodología de trabajo en seis fases: 1 identificacióny selección de componentes para el indicador; 2 determinación deprevalencias y coberturas teóricas esperadas; 3 ponderación de loscomponentes; 4 establecimiento de estándares; 5 formulación delos subindicadores; 6 operativización del indicador sintético final.Se seleccionó un total de 10 problemas de salud propios de la AP, quese desglosaron finalmente en una escala estandarizada de calidadasistencial (EQA con 17 ítems. Los problemas de salud que compo-nen este indicador sintético contemplan tanto la realización de acti-vidades de promoción de la salud (lucha antitabáquica como activi-dades de prevención primaria (vacunaciones antitetánica y antigri-pal, atención a patologías agudas (prescripción de antibióticos, yatención de patologías crónicas (enfermedad pulmonar obstructivacrónica, hipertensión, dislipemia, diabetes, insuficiencia cardiaca yfibrilación auricular. El concepto de un indicador "sintético" delproducto clínico-asistencial generado por los EAP puede aportar unmensaje dinamizante y motivador para muchos profesionales asis-tenciales, y su introducción podría ser útil para la mejora de losactuales modelos de gestión en atención primaria.

Establishing an external quality assessment scheme for point-of-care international normalized ratio in Thailand.

Science.gov (United States)

Tientadakul, P; Chuntarut, A

2015-08-01

Effective warfarin therapy management has gained national interest, resulting in the increased use of point-of-care testing (POCT) for international normalized ratio (INR). External quality assessment (EQA) is recommended to ensure quality of the testing. CoaguChek XS and CoaguChek XS Plus are the only commonly available POCT INR monitors in Thailand. Therefore, Thailand NEQAS for Blood Coagulation initiated the scheme for POCT INR in 2013, including only hospitals using these devices. Questionnaires were sent to the hospitals, enquiring about their interest in EQA participation. Two surveys were distributed; each included five certified European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation (ECAA) INR plasma sets. Unsatisfactory performance was indicated by a 15% deviation from the certified mean INR value. There were 156 hospitals using the devices. Thirty-five hospitals responded to the questionnaires. Medical personnel undertaking POCT INR were limited to laboratory staff in 29 (83%) of these centers, and 31 hospitals actually participated. The medians of results from participants were the same or nearly the same as the certified mean INRs. External quality assessment for POCT INR in Thailand is feasible using the ECAA plasmas as control materials. The results therefore appear encouraging to other developing countries to establish their own EQA schemes. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Electronic laboratory quality assurance program: A method of enhancing the prosthodontic curriculum and addressing accreditation standards.

Science.gov (United States)

Moghadam, Marjan; Jahangiri, Leila

2015-08-01

An electronic quality assurance (eQA) program was developed to replace a paper-based system and to address standards introduced by the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA) and to improve educational outcomes. This eQA program provides feedback to predoctoral dental students on prosthodontic laboratory steps at New York University College of Dentistry. The purpose of this study was to compare the eQA program of performing laboratory quality assurance with the former paper-based format. Fourth-year predoctoral dental students (n=334) who experienced both the paper-based and the electronic version of the quality assurance program were surveyed about their experiences. Additionally, data extracted from the eQA program were analyzed to identify areas of weakness in the curriculum. The study findings revealed that 73.8% of the students preferred the eQA program to the paper-based version. The average number of treatments that did not pass quality assurance standards was 119.5 per month. This indicated a 6.34% laboratory failure rate. Further analysis of these data revealed that 62.1% of the errors were related to fixed prosthodontic treatment, 27.9% to partial removable dental prostheses, and 10% to complete removable dental prostheses in the first 18 months of program implementation. The eQA program was favored by dental students who have experienced both electronic and paper-based versions of the system. Error type analysis can yield the ability to create customized faculty standardization sessions and refine the didactic and clinical teaching of the predoctoral students. This program was also able to link patient care activity with the student's laboratory activities, thus addressing the latest requirements of the CODA regarding the competence of graduates in evaluating laboratory work related to their patient care. Copyright © 2015 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Snapshot A Star SurveY (SASSY)

Science.gov (United States)

Garani, Jasmine I.; Nielsen, Eric; Marchis, Franck; Liu, Michael C.; Macintosh, Bruce; Rajan, Abhijith; De Rosa, Robert J.; Jinfei Wang, Jason; Esposito, Thomas M.; Best, William M. J.; Bowler, Brendan; Dupuy, Trent; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste

2018-01-01

The Snapshot A Star Survey (SASSY) is an adaptive optics survey conducted using NIRC2 on the Keck II telescope to search for young, self-luminous planets and brown dwarfs (M > 5MJup) around high mass stars (M > 1.5 M⊙). We present the results of a custom data reduction pipeline developed for the coronagraphic observations of our 200 target stars. Our data analysis method includes basic near infrared data processing (flat-field correction, bad pixel removal, distortion correction) as well as performing PSF subtraction through a Reference Differential Imaging algorithm based on a library of PSFs derived from the observations using the pyKLIP routine. We present the results from the pipeline of a few stars from the survey with analysis of candidate companions. SASSY is sensitive to companions 600,000 times fainter than the host star withint the inner few arcseconds, allowing us to detect companions with masses ~8MJup at age 110 Myr. This work was supported by the Leadership Alliance's Summer Research Early Identification Program at Stanford University, the NSF REU program at the SETI Institute and NASA grant NNX14AJ80G.

Assessing the Association of Food Preferences and Self-Reported Psychological Well-Being among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Contemporary China-Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

OpenAIRE

Yen-Han Lee; Mack Shelley; Ching-Ti Liu; Yen-Chang Chang

2018-01-01

China has undergone rapid social transitions within the last few decades. However, mental health issues, challenges to psychological well-being, and poor dietary choices have gradually surfaced. These health concerns are related to the rapid growth of the aging population and of the fast-paced industrialized society. Nevertheless, there is little knowledge about food preferences and psychological well-being measurements in contemporary China. Applying the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Surve...

Inhibition of Salmonella typhi growth using extremely low frequency electromagnetic (ELF-EM) waves at resonance frequency.

Science.gov (United States)

Fadel, M A; Mohamed, S A; Abdelbacki, A M; El-Sharkawy, A H

2014-08-01

Typhoid is a serious disease difficult to be treated with conventional drugs. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a new method for the control of Salmonella typhi growth, through the interference with the bioelectric signals generated from the microbe during cell division by extremely low frequency electromagnetic waves (ELF-EMW-ELF-EM) at resonance frequency. Isolated Salmonella typhi was subjected to square amplitude modulated waves (QAMW) with different modulation frequencies from two generators with constant carrier frequency of 10 MHz, amplitude of 10 Vpp, modulating depth ± 2 Vpp and constant field strength of 200 V m(-1) at 37°C. Both the control and exposed samples were incubated at the same conditions during the experiment. The results showed that there was highly significant inhibition effect for Salm. typhi exposed to 0·8 Hz QAMW for a single exposure for 75 min. Dielectric relaxation, TEM and DNA results indicated highly significant changes in the molecular structure of the DNA and cellular membrane resulting from the exposure to the inhibiting EM waves. It was concluded that finding out the inhibiting resonance frequency of ELF-EM waves that deteriorates Salm. typhi growth will be promising method for the treatment of Salm. typhi infection either in vivo or in vitro. This new non-invasive technique for treatment of bacterial infections is of considerable interest for the use in medical and biotechnological applications. © 2014 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Effect of polyunsatured aldehyde (A3 as an antiparasitary ingredient of Caligus rogercresseyi in the feed of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar Efecto del aldehído poli-insaturado (A3 como ingrediente antiparasitario de Caligus rogercresseyi en la alimentación de salmón del atlántico, Salmo salar

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Troncoso

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Some polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs such as 2-trans, 4-trans decadenial (A3 have a detrimental effect on the development of copepod sharmful to the salmon industrysuch as Caligus rogercresseyi (sea lice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential use of A3 as a salmon feed ingredient in order to reduce reproduction of Caligus rogercresseyi in infested Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar. The toxicity of A3 was assessed histopathologically for 7 days, using intra-peritoneal injections of different doses (0, 0.24, 0.47, 2.37, 11.86, and 23.71 mg kg-1 in brain, intestine, skin, liver, and muscletissues of Salmosalar at the end of each treatment. The effect of A3 on sea lice was evaluated using 250 Atlantic salmon in an open-flow system of seawater (~13°C. The effect of the dosage in the fish diet was evaluated at two levels (9 mg kg-1, 18 mg kg-1 and considering a control (without A3 for 4, 8, and 12 days, once the sea lice had reached maturity. As a complement, the persistent effect of diluted A3 in sea water (0.5 g L-1 was evaluated at 10, 12, and 14°C for 0, 1, 3, 6, 10, and 15 days; and the maximum persistence was found at 10 days at 10°C. The results showed that the dosages over 0.47 mg kg-1 had no toxic effect on Atlantic salmon, but induced a detrimental effect on Caligus rogercresseyi (reduction of 15% of mature females with a dose of 18 mg kg-1, which could be attributed to alterations in the embryonic development of the sea lice. A3 is a potential supplement in the diet of salmon. However, studies ofits mechanism of action should be undertaken prior to its use.Algunos aldehídos poli-insaturados (PUAs tales como 2-trans, 4-trans decadenal (A3 tienen efecto perjudicial para el desarrollo de copépodos perjudiciales para la industria del salmón, tales como Caligus rogercresseyi (piojo de mar. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el uso potencial de A3 en alimentación de salmones, de forma de reducir la reproducción de

High-speed and intercity passenger rail testing strategy.

Science.gov (United States)

2013-05-01

This high-speed and intercity passenger rail (HSIPR) testing strategy addresses the requirements for testing of high-speed train sets and technology before introduction to the North American railroad system. The report documents the results of a surv...

Effects of thermosonication on the fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis in mango juice.

Science.gov (United States)

Kiang, W-S; Bhat, R; Rosma, A; Cheng, L-H

2013-04-01

In this study, the effects of thermosonication and thermal treatment on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis in mango juice were investigated at 50 and 60°C. Besides, nonlethal injury of Salm. Enteritidis after both treatments was also examined. The highest inactivation was attained with thermosonication at 60°C. The inactivation rate was different for both pathogens, and Salm. Enteritidis was found to be more sensitive to thermosonication than E. coli O157:H7. Salmonella Enteritidis was recovered in all treated samples, except those subjected to more than 5-min thermosonication at 60°C. It was found that the introduction of high-intensity ultrasound enhanced the inactivation of pathogens compared to thermal treatment alone. On the other hand, Salm. Enteritidis was detected in a number of samples following incubation in universal pre-enrichment broth, but no growth was detected after incubation in mango juice. Fruit juices are commonly heat treated to inactivate micro-organisms and enzymes. However, excessive heat treatments may result in undesirable changes in juice quality. Treatment by power ultrasound, a nonthermal technology, may be an alternative processing technique to pasteurize fruit juices. This study highlights the effectiveness of thermosonication in inactivating Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis in mango juice. © 2012 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Antimicrobial susceptibility and internalization of Salmonella Typhimurium in vacuum-tumbled marinated beef products.

Science.gov (United States)

Pokharel, S; Brooks, J C; Martin, J N; Brashears, M M

2016-12-01

As the incidence of multidrug resistance (MDR) Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium is increasing, data regarding the antimicrobial interventions and pathogen internalization in marinated meat products are important. This study evaluated the antimicrobial intervention and internalization of Salm. Typhimurium in marinated beef sirloin steaks. Beef bottom sirloin flaps (IMPS #185A; USDA Select) inoculated (10 8  log 10  CFU ml -1 ) with Salm. Typhimurium were sprayed (lactic acid (4%) and buffered vinegar (2%)) prior to vacuum-tumbled marination (0·35% sodium chloride and 0·45% sodium tripolyphosphate) for 30 min. Pathogen presence after antimicrobial spray, vacuum-tumbled marination, and translocation was determined by direct plating on Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) agar with tryptic soy agar (TSA) overlay. The data imply varied internalization and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salm. Typhimurium in marinated meat. Lactic acid (4%) spray (P internalization and potential survival of Salmonella spp. in marinated beef products is a major concern. These results highlight the internalization of pathogens in vacuum-tumbled meat products and emphasize the importance of considering these products as nonintact. Similarly, these data confirm the efficacy and utility of interventions prior to vacuum-tumbled marination. Further research is needed to identify additional strategies to mitigate internalization and translocation of pathogens into vacuum-marinated meat products. © 2016 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

An approach for estimating measurement uncertainty in medical laboratories using data from long-term quality control and external quality assessment schemes.

Science.gov (United States)

Padoan, Andrea; Antonelli, Giorgia; Aita, Ada; Sciacovelli, Laura; Plebani, Mario

2017-10-26

The present study was prompted by the ISO 15189 requirements that medical laboratories should estimate measurement uncertainty (MU). The method used to estimate MU included the: a) identification of quantitative tests, b) classification of tests in relation to their clinical purpose, and c) identification of criteria to estimate the different MU components. Imprecision was estimated using long-term internal quality control (IQC) results of the year 2016, while external quality assessment schemes (EQAs) results obtained in the period 2015-2016 were used to estimate bias and bias uncertainty. A total of 263 measurement procedures (MPs) were analyzed. On the basis of test purpose, in 51 MPs imprecision only was used to estimate MU; in the remaining MPs, the bias component was not estimable for 22 MPs because EQAs results did not provide reliable statistics. For a total of 28 MPs, two or more MU values were calculated on the basis of analyte concentration levels. Overall, results showed that uncertainty of bias is a minor factor contributing to MU, the bias component being the most relevant contributor to all the studied sample matrices. The model chosen for MU estimation allowed us to derive a standardized approach for bias calculation, with respect to the fitness-for-purpose of test results. Measurement uncertainty estimation could readily be implemented in medical laboratories as a useful tool in monitoring the analytical quality of test results since they are calculated using a combination of both the long-term imprecision IQC results and bias, on the basis of EQAs results.

Cultivo de la trucha café anádroma: una nueva alternativa para la diversificación de la salmonicultura nacional

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nelson Colihueque

2015-03-01

Full Text Available Con el propósito de aportar información para contribuir al desarrollo del cultivo de la trucha café anádroma (Salmo trutta trutta en Chile, también llamada seatrout, en este trabajo se revisan los siguientes aspectos: i características genéticas y origen evolutivo de la trucha café naturalizada existente en el país, ii rendimiento reproductivo bajo condiciones de cautiverio, and iii eficiencia del proceso de esmoltificación, tasa de crecimiento y maduración sexual en agua dulce y agua de mar de la trucha café anádroma. Estos últimos parámetros son particularmente relevantes para una apropiada evaluación de su desempeño bajo condiciones de cultivo intensivo. El análisis de estos aspectos indica que las poblaciones naturalizadas de trucha café en Chile presentan un alto grado de variación genética, junto con un probable origen único (línea filogenética Atlántica, norte de Europa; éstas también presentan un rendimiento reproductivo óptimo, que excede aquel observado en otros salmónidos. Además, el proceso de esmoltificación de la trucha café anádroma es equivalente al observado en salmónidos totalmente anádromos, como el salmón del Atlántico y el salmón coho. Asimismo, con excepción de la maduración precoz, que es más alta que en el salmón del Atlántico, sobre todo en los machos, esta variedad también muestra una favorable tasa de crecimiento y sobrevivencia en agua de mar. Todos estos antecedentes indican que el cultivo de la trucha café anádroma es una alternativa interesante, con potencial para ser incorporada en la salmonicultura nacional.

Evaluating performance in sweat testing in medical biochemistry laboratories in Croatia.

Science.gov (United States)

Aralica, Merica; Krleza, Jasna Lenicek

2017-02-15

Sweat test has a diagnostic role in evaluation of cystic fibrosis. Its performance includes sweat stimulation, collection and analysis. All listed may be sources of inconsistencies in everyday practice. The aim of this study was an evaluation of external quality assessment (EQA) of sweat chloride measurement including sweat test performance in medical biochemistry laboratories in Croatia. EQA for sweat chloride measurement was provided by Croatian Centre for Quality Assessment in Laboratory Medicine (CROQALM) in five consecutive exercises to medical biochemistry laboratories (MBL) that offered sweat testing. A questionnaire regarding all phases of testing was mailed to involved MBL (N = 10). Survey results were compared to current guidelines for sweat test performance. Reported results of EQA in 2015 exercises showed coefficients of variation (CV) from 28.9%, 29.0% to 35.3%, respectively. An introduction of uniform sweat chloride measurement protocol resulted in CV of 15.5% and 14.7% reported in following two exercises in 2016. All MBL included in this study replied to the questionnaire. Results reported by MBL indicated: lack of patient information policy (7/10), use of unacceptable electrodes (6/9), misuse of minimum of acceptable sweat weight (6/9), lack of internal quality assessment (5/9) and recommended reference ranges (5/9 and 4/9). Agreements to guidelines were found in approach to unsuitable patients (9/10) and sweat collection (8/9). Presented results indicate major weak points of current practice in sweat test performance in Croatian MBL and stress the need for its standardization on a national level.

European external quality control study on the competence of laboratories to recognize rare sequence variants resulting in unusual genotyping results.

Science.gov (United States)

Márki-Zay, János; Klein, Christoph L; Gancberg, David; Schimmel, Heinz G; Dux, László

2009-04-01

Depending on the method used, rare sequence variants adjacent to the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interest may cause unusual or erroneous genotyping results. Because such rare variants are known for many genes commonly tested in diagnostic laboratories, we organized a proficiency study to assess their influence on the accuracy of reported laboratory results. Four external quality control materials were processed and sent to 283 laboratories through 3 EQA organizers for analysis of the prothrombin 20210G>A mutation. Two of these quality control materials contained sequence variants introduced by site-directed mutagenesis. One hundred eighty-nine laboratories participated in the study. When samples gave a usual result with the method applied, the error rate was 5.1%. Detailed analysis showed that more than 70% of the failures were reported from only 9 laboratories. Allele-specific amplification-based PCR had a much higher error rate than other methods (18.3% vs 2.9%). The variants 20209C>T and [20175T>G; 20179_20180delAC] resulted in unusual genotyping results in 67 and 85 laboratories, respectively. Eighty-three (54.6%) of these unusual results were not recognized, 32 (21.1%) were attributed to technical issues, and only 37 (24.3%) were recognized as another sequence variant. Our findings revealed that some of the participating laboratories were not able to recognize and correctly interpret unusual genotyping results caused by rare SNPs. Our study indicates that the majority of the failures could be avoided by improved training and careful selection and validation of the methods applied.

EGFR T790M mutation testing of non-small cell lung cancer tissue and blood samples artificially spiked with circulating cell-free tumor DNA: results of a round robin trial.

Science.gov (United States)

Fassunke, Jana; Ihle, Michaela Angelika; Lenze, Dido; Lehmann, Annika; Hummel, Michael; Vollbrecht, Claudia; Penzel, Roland; Volckmar, Anna-Lena; Stenzinger, Albrecht; Endris, Volker; Jung, Andreas; Lehmann, Ulrich; Zeugner, Silke; Baretton, Gustavo; Kreipe, Hans; Schirmacher, Peter; Kirchner, Thomas; Dietel, Manfred; Büttner, Reinhard; Merkelbach-Bruse, Sabine

2017-10-01

The European Commision (EC) recently approved osimertinib for the treatment of adult patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR T790M mutations. Besides tissue-based testing, blood samples containing cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) can be used to interrogate T790M status. Herein, we describe the conditions and results of a round robin trial (RRT) for T790M mutation testing in NSCLC tissue specimens and peripheral blood samples spiked with cell line DNA mimicking tumor-derived ctDNA. The underlying objectives of this two-staged external quality assessment (EQA) approach were (a) to evaluate the accuracy of T790M mutations testing across multiple centers and (b) to investigate if a liquid biopsy-based testing for T790M mutations in spiked blood samples is feasible in routine diagnostic. Based on a successfully completed internal phase I RRT, an open RRT for EGFR T790M mutation testing in tumor tissue and blood samples was initiated. In total, 48 pathology centers participated in the EQA. Of these, 47 (97.9%) centers submitted their analyses within the pre-defined time frame and 44 (tissue), respectively, 40 (plasma) successfully passed the test. The overall success rates in the RRT phase II were 91.7% (tissue) and 83.3% (blood), respectively. Thirty-eight out of 48 participants (79.2%) successfully passed both parts of the RRT. The RRT for blood-based EGFR testing initiated in Germany is, to the best of our knowledge, the first of his kind in Europe. In summary, our results demonstrate that blood-based genotyping for EGFR resistance mutations can be successfully integrated in routine molecular diagnostics complementing the array of molecular methods already available at pathology centers in Germany.

Tesis Doctorales

OpenAIRE

TE TESIS DOCTORALES

2009-01-01

Resúmenes de tesis doctorales: ALARCÓN ALARCÓN, María del Mar, Biografía histórica de Pedro Alcántara de Toledo y Salm-Salm, duque del Infantado (1768-1841), tesis doctoral dirigida por el Dr. Emilio La Parra López, defendida el 25 de septiembre de 2015 en el Departamento de Humanidades Contemporáneas de la Universidad de Alicante; PÉREZ CASANOVA, Guillermo Jorge, La búsqueda de la unidad europea: el europeísmo español entre 1914 y 1931, tesis doctoral dirigida por el Dr. Salvador Forner Muño...

European specialist porphyria laboratories: diagnostic strategies, analytical quality, clinical interpretation, and reporting as assessed by an external quality assurance program.

Science.gov (United States)

Aarsand, Aasne K; Villanger, Jørild H; Støle, Egil; Deybach, Jean-Charles; Marsden, Joanne; To-Figueras, Jordi; Badminton, Mike; Elder, George H; Sandberg, Sverre

2011-11-01

The porphyrias are a group of rare metabolic disorders whose diagnosis depends on identification of specific patterns of porphyrin precursor and porphyrin accumulation in urine, blood, and feces. Diagnostic tests for porphyria are performed by specialized laboratories in many countries. Data regarding the analytical and diagnostic performance of these laboratories are scarce. We distributed 5 sets of multispecimen samples from different porphyria patients accompanied by clinical case histories to 18-21 European specialist porphyria laboratories/centers as part of a European Porphyria Network organized external analytical and postanalytical quality assessment (EQA) program. The laboratories stated which analyses they would normally have performed given the case histories and reported results of all porphyria-related analyses available, interpretative comments, and diagnoses. Reported diagnostic strategies initially showed considerable diversity, but the number of laboratories applying adequate diagnostic strategies increased during the study period. We found an average interlaboratory CV of 50% (range 12%-152%) for analytes in absolute concentrations. Result normalization by forming ratios to the upper reference limits did not reduce this variation. Sixty-five percent of reported results were within biological variation-based analytical quality specifications. Clinical interpretation of the obtained analytical results was accurate, and most laboratories established the correct diagnosis in all distributions. Based on a case-based EQA scheme, variations were apparent in analytical and diagnostic performance between European specialist porphyria laboratories. Our findings reinforce the use of EQA schemes as an essential tool to assess both analytical and diagnostic processes and thereby to improve patient care in rare diseases.

The external quality assessment scheme: Five years experience as a participating laboratory

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chaudhary Rajendra

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Background and Aim : Quality assurance in blood banking includes active participation in the external quality program. Such a program offers valuable benefits to patient care, their safety, and an overall quality of laboratory practices. In the year 2002, we participated in the External Quality Assessment Scheme (EQAS under the World Health Organization (WHO, Bureau of Laboratory Quality Standards, Thailand. Materials and Methods: In the current study we evaluated our EQAS test result of the past five years, from 2003 to 2007. Test results of all blood samples such as ABO grouping, D typing, antibody screening, antibody identification, and transfusion transmitted infection (TTI testing were analyzed and documented. Results: Discordant results in one or more instances were observed with antibody identification, weak D testing, and tests for anti-HIV1/2 and HBsAg. Twice we failed to detect the ′anti-Mia′ antibody in the issued sample and that could be attributed to the absence of the corresponding antigen in the used cell panel. HBsAg was missed due to its critically low titer in the serum and the comparatively low sensitivity of our Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA test kit. Conclusion: All these failures in the last five years have helped us to significantly improve our transfusion service in terms of performance evaluation, patient care and safety issues, and the overall quality of laboratory practices. We therefore recommend all laboratories and hospitals to participate in the EQAS program, which will definitely help them to improve from what they learn.

SPIDIA-RNA: second external quality assessment for the pre-analytical phase of blood samples used for RNA based analyses.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francesca Malentacchi

Full Text Available One purpose of the EC funded project, SPIDIA, is to develop evidence-based quality guidelines for the pre-analytical handling of blood samples for RNA molecular testing. To this end, two pan-European External Quality Assessments (EQAs were implemented. Here we report the results of the second SPIDIA-RNA EQA. This second study included modifications in the protocol related to the blood collection process, the shipping conditions and pre-analytical specimen handling for participants. Participating laboratories received two identical proficiency blood specimens collected in tubes with or without an RNA stabilizer. For pre-defined specimen storage times and temperatures, laboratories were asked to perform RNA extraction from whole blood according to their usual procedure and to return extracted RNA to the SPIDIA facility for further analysis. These RNA samples were evaluated for purity, yield, integrity, stability, presence of interfering substances, and gene expression levels for the validated markers of RNA stability: FOS, IL1B, IL8, GAPDH, FOSB and TNFRSF10c. Analysis of the gene expression results of FOS, IL8, FOSB, and TNFRSF10c, however, indicated that the levels of these transcripts were significantly affected by blood collection tube type and storage temperature. These results demonstrated that only blood collection tubes containing a cellular RNA stabilizer allowed reliable gene expression analysis within 48 h from blood collection for all the genes investigated. The results of these two EQAs have been proposed for use in the development of a Technical Specification by the European Committee for Standardization.

The intersection of the extrinsic hedgehog and WNT/wingless signals with the intrinsic Hox code underpins branching pattern and tube shape diversity in the drosophila airways.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Ryo Matsuda

2015-01-01

Full Text Available The tubular networks of the Drosophila respiratory system and our vasculature show distinct branching patterns and tube shapes in different body regions. These local variations are crucial for organ function and organismal fitness. Organotypic patterns and tube geometries in branched networks are typically controlled by variations of extrinsic signaling but the impact of intrinsic factors on branch patterns and shapes is not well explored. Here, we show that the intersection of extrinsic hedgehog(hh and WNT/wingless (wg signaling with the tube-intrinsic Hox code of distinct segments specifies the tube pattern and shape of the Drosophila airways. In the cephalic part of the airways, hh signaling induces expression of the transcription factor (TF knirps (kni in the anterior dorsal trunk (DTa1. kni represses the expression of another TF spalt major (salm, making DTa1 a narrow and long tube. In DTa branches of more posterior metameres, Bithorax Complex (BX-C Hox genes autonomously divert hh signaling from inducing kni, thereby allowing DTa branches to develop as salm-dependent thick and short tubes. Moreover, the differential expression of BX-C genes is partly responsible for the anterior-to-posterior gradual increase of the DT tube diameter through regulating the expression level of Salm, a transcriptional target of WNT/wg signaling. Thus, our results highlight how tube intrinsic differential competence can diversify tube morphology without changing availabilities of extrinsic factors.

First external quality assurance program for bloodstream Real-Time PCR monitoring of treatment response in clinical trials of Chagas disease.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juan C Ramírez

Full Text Available Real-Time PCR (qPCR testing is recommended as both a diagnostic and outcome measurement of etiological treatment in clinical practice and clinical trials of Chagas disease (CD, but no external quality assurance (EQA program provides performance assessment of the assays in use. We implemented an EQA system to evaluate the performance of molecular biology laboratories involved in qPCR based follow-up in clinical trials of CD. An EQA program was devised for three clinical trials of CD: the E1224 (NCT01489228, a pro-drug of ravuconazole; the Sampling Study (NCT01678599, that used benznidazole, both conducted in Bolivia; and the CHAGASAZOL (NCT01162967, that tested posaconazole, conducted in Spain. Four proficiency testing panels containing negative controls and seronegative blood samples spiked with 1, 10 and 100 parasite equivalents (par. eq./mL of four Trypanosoma cruzi stocks, were sent from the Core Lab in Argentina to the participating laboratories located in Bolivia and Spain. Panels were analyzed simultaneously, blinded to sample allocation, at 4-month intervals. In addition, 302 random blood samples from both trials carried out in Bolivia were sent to Core Lab for retesting analysis. The analysis of proficiency testing panels gave 100% of accordance (within laboratory agreement and concordance (between laboratory agreement for all T. cruzi stocks at 100 par. eq./mL; whereas their values ranged from 71 to 100% and from 62 to 100% at 1 and 10 par. eq./mL, respectively, depending on the T. cruzi stock. The results obtained after twelve months of preparation confirmed the stability of blood samples in guanidine-EDTA buffer. No significant differences were found between qPCR results from Bolivian laboratory and Core Lab for retested clinical samples. This EQA program for qPCR analysis of CD patient samples may significantly contribute to ensuring the quality of laboratory data generated in clinical trials and molecular diagnostics laboratories of

Langfristige Wiedereingliederung nach der beruflichen Rehabilitation : Ergebnisse einer Langzeituntersuchung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Deutscher Berufsförderungswerke (Long-term reintegration after occupational rehabilitation : results of a longitudinal study by the working group of German occupational rehabilitation centres)

OpenAIRE

Beiderwieden, Kay

2001-01-01

"In Germany a complex system of rehabilitation has developed in which the occupational rehabilitation centres (Berufsförderungswerken) are allocated the occupational rehabilitation of the 'more difficult cases'. In order to investigate how many of those undergoing rehabilitation find work after completing the training measure, the occupational rehabilitation centres have been conducting so-called 'follow-up surveys' since the mid-1960s. In addition to short-term and medium-term follow-up surv...

Salme Reegi nimelise auhinna nominendid

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Valiti järgmised nominendid : Taago Tubin - lavastus "Suur kuri hunt" Vanemuises, Marika Vaarik - õpetaja Klamm VAT Teatri lavastuses "Klammi sõda", Finn Poulsen - "Trollpoiss" Eesti Nukuteatris, Leino Rei - lavastused "Kuusepuu", "Karjatüdruk ja korstnapühkija", Taavi Tõnisson - Papageno "Võluflöödis" Eesti Nukuteatri lavastuses

An Approach to Addressing Selection Bias in Survival Analysis

Science.gov (United States)

Carlin, Caroline S.; Solid, Craig A.

2014-01-01

This work proposes a frailty model that accounts for non-random treatment assignment in survival analysis. Using Monte Carlo simulation, we found that estimated treatment parameters from our proposed endogenous selection survival model (esSurv) closely parallel the consistent two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI) results, while offering computational and interpretive advantages. The esSurv method greatly enhances computational speed relative to 2SRI by eliminating the need for bootstrapped standard errors, and generally results in smaller standard errors than those estimated by 2SRI. In addition, esSurv explicitly estimates the correlation of unobservable factors contributing to both treatment assignment and the outcome of interest, providing an interpretive advantage over the residual parameter estimate in the 2SRI method. Comparisons with commonly used propensity score methods and with a model that does not account for non-random treatment assignment show clear bias in these methods that is not mitigated by increased sample size. We illustrate using actual dialysis patient data comparing mortality of patients with mature arteriovenous grafts for venous access to mortality of patients with grafts placed but not yet ready for use at the initiation of dialysis. We find strong evidence of endogeneity (with estimate of correlation in unobserved factors ρ̂ = 0.55), and estimate a mature-graft hazard ratio of 0.197 in our proposed method, with a similar 0.173 hazard ratio using 2SRI. The 0.630 hazard ratio from a frailty model without a correction for the non-random nature of treatment assignment illustrates the importance of accounting for endogeneity. PMID:24845211

Quality assurance in diabetic retinal screening in South Africa.

Science.gov (United States)

Cook, Steve; Staff, Roger T; Goatman, Keith A; Olson, John A

2014-09-03

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important biomarker for microvascular disease and blindness. Digital fundus photography is a cost-effective way of screening for DR. Access to DR screening is difficult for many South Africans with diabetes. To perform external quality assurance (EQA) on graders registered in the Ophthalmological Society of South Africa DR screening programme. Graders registered on the South African (SA) Diabetic Register website were invited to participate in the study. The Scottish EQA software system was used to enable on-line grading of 100 retinal photographs. Expert National Health Service graders provided the consensus expert grading for the image set. Two hundred and sixty-one participants completed the EQA process, including nine ophthalmologists, 243 optometrists, and nine other graders. A wide range of outcomes were demonstrated, with a mean sensitivity of 0.905 (range 0.286 - 1.000) and mean specificity of 0.507 (0.000 - 0.935). The mean diagnostic odds ratio was calculated to be 12.3 (range 0.147 - 148.2). This is the first quality assurance study conducted with SA healthcare professionals. The outcomes are of interest to all stakeholders dealing with the diabetes epidemic. The disparity in grader performance indicates room for improvement. The results demonstrate a high referral rate to ophthalmology, suggesting that on average graders are performing safely, but with a high number of inappropriate referrals.

Conditionally replicating adenovirus prevents pluripotent stem cell–derived teratoma by specifically eliminating undifferentiated cells

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kaoru Mitsui

Full Text Available Incomplete abolition of tumorigenicity creates potential safety concerns in clinical trials of regenerative medicine based on human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs. Here, we demonstrate that conditionally replicating adenoviruses that specifically target cancers using multiple factors (m-CRAs, originally developed as anticancer drugs, may also be useful as novel antitumorigenic agents in hPSC-based therapy. The survivin promoter was more active in undifferentiated hPSCs than the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT promoter, whereas both promoters were minimally active in differentiated normal cells. Accordingly, survivin-responsive m-CRA (Surv.m-CRA killed undifferentiated hPSCs more efficiently than TERT-responsive m-CRAs (Tert.m-CRA; both m-CRAs exhibited efficient viral replication and cytotoxicity in undifferentiated hPSCs, but not in cocultured differentiated normal cells. Pre-infection of hPSCs with Surv.m-CRA or Tert.m-CRA abolished in vivo teratoma formation in a dose-dependent manner following hPSC implantation into mice. Thus, m-CRAs, and in particular Surv.m-CRAs, represent novel antitumorigenic agents that could facilitate safe clinical applications of hPSC-based regenerative medicine.

The external quality assurance programme (EQAP) for the FAO/IAEA antibody FMD ELISA in Southeast Asia

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colling, A.

2000-01-01

The external quality assurance programme (EQAP) consists of three equally important items: the questionnaire, the monitoring of the internal quality control data and the external quality control test panel. The EQAP is conducted twice per year. The first round of the EQAP for the FAO/IAEA liquid phase blocking ELISA being used in Southeast Asia was carried out in 1995-1996. A total of 10 laboratories from Asia participated. The round consisted of three FMD sero-types (O, A and Asia) for both, the antigen and antibody ELISA. No interim report was produced, but results were communicated on an individual basis. The second round was initiated in late 1998. Participating laboratories were the same as in 1996. This time the EQA proficiency exercise consisted only of one sero-type (O 1 Manisa) for the FMD Antibody ELISA. The results of this round are presented in this report. All participants replied to this EQA exercise. Out of ten participants six laboratories returned all EQA components (EQC results, IQC data and questionnaire). Four laboratories did not return the complete set of the EQA panel. Three out of five EQC samples achieved an overall agreement of 100%. Two EQC samples were excluded from the evaluation because a minimum of 80% of agreement between participants was not achieved. In comparison to the reference values for the EQC samples as established by the World Reference Center (WRC), UK, the participating laboratories produced lower PI values for the three positive samples 2, 8 and 5 and higher PI values for the negative samples 10 and 9 resulting in a decreased binding ratio. Nevertheless results show that all laboratories are able to detect a strong positive sample and no equivocally result was obtained for the two negative samples. Weak positive sera close to the cut-off are problematical for a minority of the laboratories, which tested these samples negative. The closer the sample comes to the cut-off the less agreement between laboratories is reached

Compiling Data from Geological, Mineralogical and Geophysical (IP/RS Studies on Mahour Deposit, Northwest of Deh-salm, Lut Block

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arash Gorabjeiri Puor

2015-10-01

Full Text Available Introduction The Mahour exploration area is a polymetallic system containing copper, zinc and silver. The mineralization can be seen in two forms of veins and disseminations. This area is structurally within the Lut block, west of Deh-salm Village. Recent exploration work and studies carried out by geologists on this volcanic-plutonic area of Lut demonstate its importance indicating new reserves of copper, gold, and lead and zinc. Several articles have been published on the Mahour deposit in recent years, including work on fluid inclusions (Mirzaei et al., 2012a; Mirzaei et al., 2012b. The present report aims at completion of previous studies on Mahour. During the course of this research, the IP/RS geophysical methods were used to locate the extent and depth of sulfide veins in order to locate drill sites. The IP/RS method has been used extensively worldwide in locating sulfide mineralization at deposits such as Olympic Dam in Australia (Esdale et al., 1987, Hishikari epithermal gold deposit in Kagoshima, Japan (Okada, 1995 and Cadia-Ridgeway copper and gold deposit in New South Wales, Australia (Rutley et al., 2001. Materials and Methods 1. Determination of mineralogy of ore and alteration by examination of 70 thin sections and 45 polished sections. 2. Compilation of geological and mineralization maps of the studied area at a scale of 1:1000. 3. Geological, alteration, mineralization and trace element geochemical studies of 6 drill holes. 4. IP/RS measurements for 2585 points on a rectangular grid with profile intervals of 50 meters and electrode intervals of 20 meters. 5. Interpretation of IP/RS results. Discussion The Mahour area is covered by a volcanic sequence of basalt, andesite, dacite, rhyolite and pyro-clastics. During the Late Eocene through Early Oligocene this volcanic complex was intruded by several diorite and quartz-diorite bodies, which were responsible for mineralization of the area. Mineralized veins hosted by dacite show NNE

Whole farm quantification of GHG emissions within smallholder farms in developing countries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Seebauer, Matthias

2014-01-01

The IPCC has compiled the best available scientific methods into published guidelines for estimating greenhouse gas emissions and emission removals from the land-use sector. In order to evaluate existing GHG quantification tools to comprehensively quantify GHG emissions and removals in smallholder conditions, farm scale quantification was tested with farm data from Western Kenya. After conducting a cluster analysis to identify different farm typologies GHG quantification was exercised using the VCS SALM methodology complemented with IPCC livestock emission factors and the cool farm tool. The emission profiles of four farm clusters representing the baseline conditions in the year 2009 are compared with 2011 where farmers adopted sustainable land management practices (SALM). The results demonstrate the variation in both the magnitude of the estimated GHG emissions per ha between different smallholder farm typologies and the emissions estimated by applying two different accounting tools. The farm scale quantification further shows that the adoption of SALM has a significant impact on emission reduction and removals and the mitigation benefits range between 4 and 6.5 tCO 2  ha −1  yr −1 with significantly different mitigation benefits depending on typologies of the crop–livestock systems, their different agricultural practices, as well as adoption rates of improved practices. However, the inherent uncertainty related to the emission factors applied by accounting tools has substantial implications for reported agricultural emissions. With regard to uncertainty related to activity data, the assessment confirms the high variability within different farm types as well as between different parameters surveyed to comprehensively quantify GHG emissions within smallholder farms. (paper)

"Detski biznes" molodõh dizainerov 2007 / Ksenia Repson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Repson, Ksenia

2007-01-01

ERKI moeshow 2007 Tallinnas Salme kultuurikeskuses. Moeetenduse teemaks oli "Beebibissness ruulib!". Osalejate Kirill Safonovi, Kristina Tatarinova, Jekaterina Kravtshenko ja Ksenia Jedomskihhi kollektsioonidest. Osalejate nimekiri

External quality assurance performance of clinical research laboratories in sub-saharan Africa.

Science.gov (United States)

Amukele, Timothy K; Michael, Kurt; Hanes, Mary; Miller, Robert E; Jackson, J Brooks

2012-11-01

Patient Safety Monitoring in International Laboratories (JHU-SMILE) is a resource at Johns Hopkins University that supports and monitors laboratories in National Institutes of Health-funded international clinical trials. To determine the impact of the JHU-SMILE quality assurance scheme in sub-Saharan African laboratories, we reviewed 40 to 60 months of external quality assurance (EQA) results of the College of American Pathologists (CAP) in these laboratories. We reviewed the performance of 8 analytes: albumin, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, sodium, WBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and the human immunodeficiency virus antibody rapid test. Over the 40- to 60-month observation period, the sub-Saharan laboratories had a 1.63% failure rate, which was 40% lower than the 2011 CAP-wide rate of 2.8%. Seventy-six percent of the observed EQA failures occurred in 4 of the 21 laboratories. These results demonstrate that a system of remote monitoring, feedback, and audits can support quality in low-resource settings, even in places without strong regulatory support for laboratory quality.

Sustainable River Water Quality Management in Malaysia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abdullah Al-Mamun

2013-04-01

Full Text Available Ecological status of Malaysia is not as bad as many other developing nations in the world. However, despite the enforcement of the Environmental Quality Act (EQA in 1974, the water quality of Malaysian inland water (especially rivers is following deteriorating trend. The rivers are mainly polluted due to the point and non-point pollution sources. Point sources are monitored and controlled by the Department of Environment (DOE, whereas a significant amount of pollutants is contributed by untreated sullage and storm runoff. Nevertheless, it is not too late to take some bold steps for the effective control of non-point source pollution and untreated sullage discharge, which play significant roles on the status of the rivers. This paper reviews the existing procedures and guidelines related to protection of the river water quality in Malaysia.  There is a good possibility that the sewage and effluent discharge limits in the Environmental Quality Act (EQA may pose hindrance against achieving good quality water in the rivers as required by the National Water Quality Standards (NWQS. For instance, Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH3-N is identified as one of the main pollutants to render many of the rivers polluted but it was not considered in the EQA as a monitoring parameter until the new regulations published in 2009.  Surprisingly, the new regulation for sewage and industrial effluent limits set allowable NH3-N concentration quite high (5 mg/L, which may result in low Water Quality Index (WQI values for the river water. The water environment is a dynamic system. Periodical review of the monitoring requirements, detecting emerging pollutants in sewage, effluent and runoff, and proper revision of water quality standards are necessary for the management of sustainable water resources in the country. ABSTRAK: Satus ekologi Malaysia tidak seburuk kebanyakan negara membangun lain di dunia. Walaupun Akta Kualiti Alam Sekitar (EQA dikuatkuasakan pada tahun 1974

Anatomy and history of an external quality assessment program for interpretative comments in clinical biochemistry.

Science.gov (United States)

Vasikaran, Samuel D

2015-05-01

The provision of clinical interpretation of results, either verbally or in the printed report, may be considered an integral part of clinical biochemistry diagnostic service. Proficiency testing or external quality assessment (EQA) of such activity may be useful in education, training, continuing professional development and ensuring the quality of such service. Details of the Patient Report Comments Program (RPCProgram) developed by the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA) Chemical Pathology Quality Assurance Programs Pty Ltd (QAP) is described in this review. The program is aimed at pathologists, clinical scientists and trainees. Registered participants are provided a report with case details and a set of clinical biochemistry results at monthly intervals and submit an interpretative comment for the report. Comments received are broken up into components that are translated into common key phrases. An expert panel evaluates the key phrases, classifies them according to appropriateness and drafts a suggested comment, a case summary and a rationale, which are included in a summary report returned to participants. There is considerable diversity in the quality of interpretative comments received from participants of the PRCProgram. The primary purpose of EQA of interpretative commenting is educational self-assessment, and they are recognized as a continuing professional development activity. Whilst there is some evidence for the utility of interpretative comments in improving patient outcomes, evidence for the utility of EQA in improving quality of comments is awaited. Copyright © 2014 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

International External Quality Assurance for Laboratory Diagnosis of Diphtheria ▿

Science.gov (United States)

Neal, S. E.; Efstratiou, A.

2009-01-01

The diphtheria surveillance network (DIPNET) encompassing National Diphtheria Reference Centers from 25 European countries is a Dedicated Surveillance Network recognized by the European Commission. A key DIPNET objective is the quality assessment of microbiological procedures for diphtheria across the European Union and beyond. A detailed questionnaire on the level of reference laboratory services and an external quality assessment (EQA) panel comprising six simulated throat specimens were sent to 34 centers. Twenty-three centers are designated National Diphtheria Reference Centers, with the laboratory in the United Kingdom being the only WHO Collaborating Centre. A variety of screening and identification tests were used, including the cysteinase test (20/34 centers), pyrazinamidase test (17/34 centers), and commercial kits (25/34 centers). The classic Elek test for toxigenicity testing is mostly used (28/34 centers), with variations in serum sources and antitoxin concentrations. Many laboratories reported problems obtaining Elek reagents or media. Only six centers produced acceptable results for all six specimens. Overall, 21% of identification and 13% of toxigenicity reports were unacceptable. Many centers could not isolate the target organism, and most found difficulties with the specimens that contained Corynebacterium striatum as a commensal contaminant. Nineteen centers generated either false-positive or negative toxigenic results, which may have caused inappropriate medical management. The discrepancies in this diphtheria diagnostics EQA alarmingly reflect the urgent need to improve laboratory performance in diphtheria diagnostics in Europe, standardize feasible and robust microbiological methods, and build awareness among public health authorities. Therefore, DIPNET recommends that regular workshops and EQA distributions for diphtheria diagnostics should be supported and maintained. PMID:19828749

Keerulised ja põnevad / Tõnu Kaalep

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kaalep, Tõnu, 1966-2018

2009-01-01

22. oktoobril Tallinnas Rock Cafes toimunud ansambli KTU (Kimmo Pohjonen, Lee Patrick Mastelotto, Trey Gunn) kontserdist ja 25. oktoobril Salme Kultuurikeskuses etendunud Heiner Goebbelsi lavastusest "Eraritjaritjaka"

HPV testing for primary cervical screening: Laboratory issues and evolving requirements for robust quality assurance.

Science.gov (United States)

Carozzi, Francesca Maria; Del Mistro, Annarosa; Cuschieri, Kate; Frayle, Helena; Sani, Cristina; Burroni, Elena

2016-03-01

This review aims to highlight the importance of Quality Assurance for Laboratories performing HPV test for Cervical Cancer Screening. An HPV test, to be used as primary screening test, must be validated according to international criteria, based on comparison of its clinical accuracy to HC2 or GP5+/6+ PCR-EIA tests. The number of validated platforms is increasing and appropriate Quality Assurance Programs (QAPs) which can interrogate longitudinal robustness and quality are paramount. This document describes the following topics: (1) the characteristics of an HPV laboratory and the personnel training needs, to ensure an elevated quality of the entire process and the optimal use of the resources; (2) the Quality Assurance, as both internal (IQA) and external quality assessment (EQA) systems, to be implemented and performed, and the description of the existing EQAs, including limitations; (3) general considerations for an optimal EQA program for hrHPV primary screening Due to the importance of Quality Assurance for this field, international efforts are necessary to improve QA International Collaboration. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Moda po maksimumu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Teisest rahvusvahelisest noorte moeteatrite festival-konkursist "Max Moda 2008" Tallinnas Salme Kultuurikeskuses 10.-11. aprillil. Demonstreeriti Maksim Hlebnikovi uut kollektsiooni. Kommenteerivad ürituse korraldajad Tatjana ja Maksim Hlebnikov

Customer satisfaction survey to improve the European cystic fibrosis external quality assessment scheme.

Science.gov (United States)

Berwouts, Sarah; Dequeker, Elisabeth

2011-08-01

The Cystic Fibrosis European Network, coordinated from within the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, is the provider of the European cystic fibrosis external quality assessment (EQA) scheme. The network aimed to seek feedback from laboratories that participated in the cystic fibrosis scheme in order to improve services offered. In this study we analysed responses to an on-line customer satisfaction survey conducted between September and November 2009. The survey was sent to 213 laboratories that participated in the cystic fibrosis EQA scheme of 2008; 69 laboratories (32%) responded. Scores for importance and satisfaction were obtained from a five-point Likert scale for 24 attributes. A score of one corresponded to very dissatisfied/very unimportant and five corresponded to very satisfied/very important. Means were calculated and placed in a two-dimensional grid (importance-satisfaction analysis). Means were subtracted from each other to obtain gap values (gap-analysis). No attribute had a mean score below 3.63. The overall mean of satisfaction was 4.35. Opportunities for improvement enclosed clarity, usefulness and completeness of the general report and individual comments, and user-friendliness of the electronic datasheet. This type of customer satisfaction survey was a valuable instrument to identify opportunities to improve the cystic fibrosis EQA scheme. It should be conducted on a regular basis to reveal new opportunities in the future and to assess effectiveness of actions taken. Moreover, it could be a model for other EQA providers seeking feedback from participants. Overall, the customer satisfaction survey provided a powerful quality of care improvement tool.

A Comparative Study for Detection of EGFR Mutations in Plasma Cell-Free DNA in Korean Clinical Diagnostic Laboratories

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Yoonjung Kim

2018-01-01

Full Text Available Liquid biopsies to genotype the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR for targeted therapy have been implemented in clinical decision-making in the field of lung cancer, but harmonization of detection methods is still scarce among clinical laboratories. We performed a pilot external quality assurance (EQA scheme to harmonize circulating tumor DNA testing among laboratories. For EQA, we created materials containing different levels of spiked cell-free DNA (cfDNA in normal plasma. The limit of detection (LOD of the cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2 (Roche Molecular Systems was also evaluated. From November 2016 to June 2017, seven clinical diagnostic laboratories participated in the EQA program. The majority (98.94% of results obtained using the cobas assay and next-generation sequencing (NGS were acceptable. Quantitative results from the cobas assay were positively correlated with allele frequencies derived from digital droplet PCR measurements and showed good reproducibility among laboratories. The LOD of the cobas assay was 5~27 copies/mL for p.E746_A750del (exon 19 deletion, 35~70 copies/mL for p.L858R, 18~36 copies/mL for p.T790M, and 15~31 copies/mL for p.A767_V769dup (exon 20 insertion. Deep sequencing of materials (>100,000X depth of coverage resulted in detection of low-level targets present at frequencies of 0.06~0.13%. Our results indicate that the cobas assay is a reliable and rapid method for detecting EGFR mutations in plasma cfDNA. Careful interpretation is particularly important for p.T790M detection in the setting of relapse. Individual laboratories should optimize NGS performance to maximize clinical utility.

Virumaal elab hiphopkultuur rampidel ja tänavatel / Britta aka BB

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Britta aka BB

2008-01-01

Rakvere JJ-Street on esimene ametlik tänavatantsukool Eestis. 26.-28. septembril toimub Tallinnas Salme kultuurikeskuses tänavatantsufestival JJ-Street Baltic Session, festivali korraldaja on Joel Juht

Meeskõhutantsija Egiptusest / Mari Klein

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Klein, Mari

2006-01-01

3. nov. algab Tallinnas Salme Kultuurikeskuses rahvusvaheline idamaise tantsu festival, millega tähistatakse kõhutantsu 10ndat tegevusaastat Eestis. Galakontserdi annab Egiptuse meeskõhutantsija ja tantsupedagoog Ashraf Mahdy

Nokia liidrikoht surve all / Tõnis Arnover

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Arnover, Tõnis, 1952-

2003-01-01

Kuigi III kvartali tulemuste alusel on Nokia jätkuvalt turuliider, on tema kasv peatunud ning kiiresti arenevad konkurendid - Sony Ericsson, Motorola ja Siemens seavad ettevõtte positsiooni ohtu. Mobiiltelefonideturule tulemise plaanist on märku andnud ka Microsoft. Diagrammid: Nokia annab järele

Võttetrupp jootis meid iga päev viina ja õllega! / Oliver Rand

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rand, Oliver, 1971-

2007-01-01

Sulev Keeduse dokumentaalfilm "Jonathan Austraaliast" pahandas Mustjala vallavanemat Kalle Kolterit, vallavolikogu esimeest Toivo Lõhmust ja sotsiaaltöötajat Saima Lõhmust. Süüdistustele vastab võttegrupi assistent Salme Poopuu

ERKI moesõu toob lavale beebid

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

13.01.2007 toimub Tallinnas Salme kultuurikeskuses moeetendus "Beebibissness ruulib!". Osaleb rootslane Daniel Ivarsson. Londonis tegutsev Piret Paal ja taanlane Anders Henk näitavad second hand riietest disainitud kollektsiooni

Dicty_cDB: Contig-U04229-1 [Dicty_cDB

Lifescience Database Archive (English)

Full Text Available 9 ) HAE00002983 Home-made, regular (lib1_ha) Histiona... 44 0.001 2 ( CK888692 ) SGP160684 Atlantic salmon Liver cDNA library...2 ( DE224908 ) Trifolium pratense DNA, clone:RCG16896. 42 4e-04 2 ( CK888010 ) SGP149211 Atlantic salmon Liver cDNA library...A for TCP1 protein. 46 6e-04 2 ( CK887535 ) SGP164401 Atlantic salmon Kidney cDNA library Sal... 44 6e-04 2 ...mo salar cDNA, mRNA sequence. 44 0.001 2 ( CK889382 ) SGP161400 Atlantic salmon Liver cDNA library Salm... 4... salmon Liver cDNA library Salm... 44 0.001 2 ( CK888710 ) SGP160704 Atlantic salmon Liver cDNA library

Effect of biometric characteristics on biomechanical properties of the cornea in cataract patient

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Xue-Fei Song

2016-06-01

Full Text Available AIM: To determine the impact of biometric characteristics on the biomechanical properties of the human cornea using the ocular response analyzer (ORA and standard comprehensive ophthalmic examinations before and after standard phacoemulsification. METHODS: This study comprised 54 eyes with cataract with significant lens opacification in stages I or II that underwent phacoemulsification (2.8 mm incision. Corneal hysteresis (CH, corneal resistance factor (CRF, Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg, and corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc were measured by ORA preoperatively and at 1mo postoperatively. Biometric characteristics were derived from corneal topography [TMS-5, anterior equivalent (EQTMS and cylindric (CYLTMS power], corneal tomography [Casia, anterior and posterior equivalent (EQaCASIC, EQpCASIA and cylindric (CYLaCASIA, CYLpCASIA power], keratometry [IOLMaster, anterior equivalent (EQIOL and cylindric (CYLIOL power] and autorefractor [anterior equivalent (EQAR]. Results from ORA were analyzed and correlated with those from all other examinations taken at the same time point. RESULTS: Preoperatively, CH correlated with EQpCASIA and CYLpCASIA only (P=0.001, P=0.002. Postoperatively, IOPg and IOPcc correlated with all equivalent powers (EQTMS, EQIOL, EQAR, EQaCASIA and EQpCASIA (P=0.001, P=0.007, P=0.001, P=0.015, P=0.03 for IOPg and P<0.001, P=0.003, P<0.001, P=0.009, P=0.014 for IOPcc. CH correlated postoperatively with EQaCASIA and EQpCASIC only (P=0.021, P=0.022. CONCLUSION: Biometric characteristics may significantly affect biomechanical properties of the cornea in terms of CH, IOPcc and IOPg before, but even more after cataract surgery.

Все по МАХимуму / Светлана Карабут

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Карабут, Светлана

2011-01-01

Viies rahvusvaheline laste ja noorte moeteatrite festival-konkurss „Max Moda 2011" Tallinnas Salme Kultuurikeskuses 24.-26. märtsini. Festivali korraldas moeteater Max Moda, kunstiline juht ja direktor Maksim Hlebnikov

"Printsessa Alissija" rodilas v Tallinne / Eteri Kekelidze

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kekelidze, Eteri, 1944-

1999-01-01

Tallinnas Vene Romansi Klubis sündis lasteooper - Boriss Kisseljovi "Printsess Alicia", mille aluseks on Charles Dickensi "Jõulumuinasjutt". Lavastaja Olga Bunder, esitasid lapsed erinevatest Tallinna koolidest. Esietendus Salme Kultuurimajas 10. dets

Rahvatants paneb silmad särama. Särulised õpivad pulmanalju

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Vabariiklikust koolinoorte rahvatantsufestivalist 1. apr. Salme kultuurikeskuses Tallinnas ja 2. apr. Keila Tervisekeskuses. Viru Säru koolitusest 3. apr. Lääne-Viru maavalitsuse õppeklassis (koolituse läbiviija Igor Tõnurist)

Kunstielu / Jaak Kangilaski

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kangilaski, Jaak, 1939-

2016-01-01

Kunstipoliitiline retoorika. Kunsti esteetilised paradigmad. Võimude pragmaatika. Majanduslik soosing ja poliitilised keelud. Kunstnike Liit. Näitused. Noortekoondis. Surve tugevnemine viis perestroikani. Kunstielu uuel ärkamisajal.

Annad Miksikesele sõrme, võtab terve käe / Sirje Tohver

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tohver, Sirje, 1948-

2005-01-01

Miksikese õppekeskkonnast ja online-kontrolltöödest erinevate Eesti koolide näitel. Kogemusi jagavad õpetajad: Age Tamm, Eha Kaukvere, Tiia Salm, Kaja Kiis, Mare Kütt, Lemme Sulaoja, Annika Lõhmus

Kliiniline kapitalism ja naise neim / Vaapo Vaher

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vaher, Vaapo, 1945-

2011-01-01

Tutvustus: Kõiv, Salme. Reet Tammiku. Tallinn : Eesti Raamat, 2011 ; Kalda, Katrin. Eesti romaan / tõlkinud Anti Saar. Tallinn : Varrak, 2011 ; Zola, Émile. Saak / tõlkinud Kaja Riesen. Tallinn : Eesti Raamat, 2011

F. Herve operett "Mam'zelle Nitouche" majandusgümnaasiumi laval / Ulvi Tamm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tamm, Ulvi

2003-01-01

Lauluõpetaja Ulvi Tamme ja tema õpilaste lavastatud operetist "Mam'zelle Nitouche". Esiettekanne 18. veebr. Pärnu majandusgümnaasiumi aulas ja 14. märtsil Tallinnas Salme Kultuurikeskuses vabariiklikul muusikateatrite festivalil

Quality control in mutation analysis: the European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN).

Science.gov (United States)

Müller, C R

2001-08-01

The demand for clinical molecular genetics testing has steadily grown since its introduction in the 1980s. In order to reach and maintain the agreed quality standards of laboratory medicine, the same internal and external quality assurance (IQA/EQA) criteria have to be applied as for "conventional" clinical chemistry or pathology. In 1996 the European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN) was established in order to spread QA standards across Europe and to harmonise the existing national activities. EMQN is operated by a central co-ordinator and 17 national partners from 15 EU countries; since 1998 it is being funded by the EU commission for a 3-year period. EMQN promotes QA by two tools: by providing disease-specific best practice meetings (BPM) and EQA schemes. A typical BPM is focussed on one disease or group of related disorders. International experts report on the latest news of gene characterisation and function and the state-of-the-art techniques for mutation detection. Disease-specific EQA schemes are provided by experts in the field. DNA samples are sent out together with mock clinical referrals and a diagnostic question is asked. Written reports must be returned which are marked for genotyping and interpretation. So far, three BPMs have been held and six EQA schemes are in operation at various stages. Although mutation types and diagnostic techniques varied considerably between schemes, the overall technical performance showed a high diagnostic standard. Nevertheless, serious genotyping errors have been occurred in some schemes which underline the necessity of quality assurance efforts. The European Molecular Genetics Quality Network provides a necessary platform for the internal and external quality assurance of molecular genetic testing.

Development of tsunami fragility evaluation methods by large scale experiments. Part 2. Validation of the applicability of evaluation methods of impact force due to tsunami floating debris

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Takabatake, Daisuke; Kihara, Naoto; Kaida, Hideki; Miyagawa, Yoshinori; Ikeno, Masaaki; Shibayama, Atsushi

2015-01-01

In order to examine the applicability of the existing estimation equations of the impact force due to tsunami floating debris, the collision tests are carried out. In the experiments, logs and full-scale light car are used. In this report, two types of existing equations, one is based on the Young's module of the debris (Eq.A) and the other one is based on the stiffness of the debris (Eq.B), are focused on. The estimated impact forces using Eq.A with log's Young module obtained by the material test agree with measured forces obtained by the collision test. But Eq.A does not applicate to a car because it is not easy to determine the Young's module of a car. On the other hand, the estimated impact forces using Eq.B with car's stiffness obtained by the static loading test agree with measured forces obtained by the collision test. This indicates that Eq.B unable us to estimate impact force of the floating debris such as car if the stiffness of the debris is determined. (author)

V 2009 godu nastanet moment istinõ / Tunne Kelam

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kelam, Tunne, 1936-

2008-01-01

Majandussurutise surve peab järgmine aasta andma uue hoo Euroopa riikide innovatsioonile ja teadus- ja arendustegevuse intensiivistamisele. Ka Eesti vajaks kainelt kaalutud otsuseid majanduse uuendamisel

В Таллинне открывается молодежный фестиваль

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2010-01-01

IV rahvusvaheline laste ja noorte moeteatrite festival "Max Moda" Tallinnas Salme kultuurikeskuses 9.-11- aprillini. Festivali-konkursi teemal "Traditsioonid ja tänapäev" korraldab Tallinna moeteater "Max Moda" eesotsas Maksim Hlebnikoviga

Kuldne Mask Tallinnasssssss! / Sergei Zhenovatsh ; interv. Hellar Bergmann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Zhenovatsh, Sergei

2008-01-01

Lavastaja Sergei Zhenovatsh oma Teatrikunsti Stuudiost, noortest näitlejatest, Eestist. Lavastaja on Eestis teatrifestivali "Kuldne mask Eestis" raames. 10.-11. okt. etendus Tallinnas, Salme Kultuurikeskuses Nikolai Gogoli näidend "Mängurid"

Analysis of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme.

Science.gov (United States)

Muller, B R

2002-09-01

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) levels are influenced by genetic polymorphism. Interpretation of serum levels with the appropriate genotypic reference range improves the diagnostic sensitivity of the assay for sarcoidosis. SACE assays are performed by a large number of routine clinical laboratories. However, there is no external quality assessment (EQA) for SACE other than an informal regional scheme. This showed analytical performance of SACE assays to be poor, with a diversity of reference ranges, leading to widely disparate clinical classification of EQA samples. Genetic polymorphism combined with poor analytical performance suggest that perhaps SACE assays should revert to being the province of specialized laboratories.

Preface to the Special Issue on Satellite Altimetry over Land and Coastal Zones: Applications and Challenges

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cheinway Hwang

2008-01-01

Full Text Available This special issue publishes peer reviewed papers stemming from the International Workshop on Coast and Land applications of satellite altimetry, held 21 -22 July 2006, Beijing, China. This workshop is financially supported by the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, National Chiao Tung University, Asia GIS and GPS Co., Chung-Hsing Surv. Co., Huanyu Surv. Eng. Cons. Inc., and Real-World Eng. Cons. Inc. Twenty-two papers were submitted to this issue for review, and 16 papers were accepted following an iterative peer-review process. The accepted papers cover subjects on: ICESat coastal altimetry (1, satellite altimetry applications in solid earth sciences (2, hydrology (4, land/coast gravity field modeling (4, and coastal oceanography (5.

Assessing the effect of sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration on transfer of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium in wash water for production of minimally processed iceberg lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

Science.gov (United States)

Maffei, D F; Sant'Ana, A S; Monteiro, G; Schaffner, D W; Franco, B D G M

2016-06-01

This study evaluated the impact of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 250 mg l(-1) ) in wash water on transfer of Salmonella Typhimurium from contaminated lettuce to wash water and then to other noncontaminated lettuces washed sequentially in the same water. Experiments were designed mimicking the conditions commonly seen in minimally processed vegetable (MPV) processing plants in Brazil. The scenarios were as follows: (1) Washing one inoculated lettuce portion in nonchlorinated water, followed by washing 10 noninoculated portions sequentially. (2) Washing one inoculated lettuce portion in chlorinated water followed by washing five noninoculated portions sequentially. (3) Washing five inoculated lettuce portions in chlorinated water sequentially, followed by washing five noninoculated portions sequentially. (4) Washing five noninoculated lettuce portions in chlorinated water sequentially, followed by washing five inoculated portions sequentially and then by washing five noninoculated portions sequentially in the same water. Salm. Typhimurium transfer from inoculated lettuce to wash water and further dissemination to noninoculated lettuces occurred when nonchlorinated water was used (scenario 1). When chlorinated water was used (scenarios 2, 3 and 4), no measurable Salm. Typhimurium transfer occurred if the sanitizer was ≥10 mg l(-1) . Use of sanitizers in correct concentrations is important to minimize the risk of microbial transfer during MPV washing. In this study, the impact of sodium dichloroisocyanurate in the wash water on transfer of Salmonella Typhimurium from inoculated lettuce to wash water and then to other noninoculated lettuces washed sequentially in the same water was evaluated. The use of chlorinated water, at concentration above 10 mg l(-1) , effectively prevented Salm. Typhimurium transfer under several different washing scenarios. Conversely, when nonchlorinated water was used, Salm. Typhimurium transfer occurred in

Globaalsed sündmused mõjutavad ka Eestit / Lauri Tabur

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tabur, Lauri, 1974-

2002-01-01

Autor analüüsib Eesti julgeolekukeskkonda nelja riskikategooria kaudu - sõjaline risk, poliitilise surve risk, majanduslik risk ja uued julgeolekuriskid. Lisa: terrorismi tunnustega sündmused Eestis

Maaleht soovitab : Klassikud Mooste mõisas. Romantiline Karlova päev

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

String Kvarteti kontserdist kavaga "Klassikud kammerlikult" 23. mail Mooste mõisas. Bonzo, Tõuni ja meeste vokaalansambli Võta See esinemisest 17. mail Karlova päevade raames Tartu ülikooli õpetajate seminari saalis (Salme 1a)

Arno Tali õpetaja piilub aastate taha / Liina Valper

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Valper, Liina, 1941-

2007-01-01

Matemaatikaõpetaja Salme Tiro õpetas õpilasi-näitlejaid "Kevade" filmimise ajal ja järel, et nad filmimise pärast koolis raskustesse ei satuks. Pikemalt meenutab ta Arno Tali osatäitjat Arno Liiverit

Evolving use of social media among Chinese urologists: Opportunity or challenge?

OpenAIRE

Long, Xingbo; Qi, Lin; Ou, Zhenyu; Zu, Xiongbing; Cao, Zhenzhen; Zeng, Xiting; Li, Yuan; Chen, Minfeng; Wang, Zhao; Wang, Long

2017-01-01

Background Social media has revolutionized the way people communicate, and it has been widely incorporated into medical practice. However, limited data are available regarding the use of social media by Chinese urologists in their practice. Methods From 2014 to 2016, during the China Urological Association?s (CUA) Annual National Minimally Invasive Urology Academic Conference, an anonymous survey on social media usage was distributed to participant urologists. Results The results of the surve...

Euroopa tootjad tahavad jätkata sotsiaalset põllumajandust / Ain Lember

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lember, Ain

2006-01-01

Üleeuroopaline põllumajandustootjate liit COPA ja põllumajandustöötajate organisatsioonide liit COGECA kutsuvad säilitama Euroopas juurdunud põllumajandusmudelit, mis on sattunud muu maailma surve alla

External quality assessments for microbiologic diagnosis of diphtheria in Europe.

Science.gov (United States)

Both, Leonard; Neal, Shona; De Zoysa, Aruni; Mann, Ginder; Czumbel, Ida; Efstratiou, Androulla

2014-12-01

The European Diphtheria Surveillance Network (EDSN) ensures the reliable epidemiological and microbiologic assessment of disease prevalence in the European Union. Here, we describe a survey of current diagnostic techniques for diphtheria surveillance conducted across the European Union and report the results from three external quality assessment (EQA) schemes performed between 2010 and 2014. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Artur Lemba - tunglakandja : Ühe suurmehe metaelulugu / Ene Metsjärv ; intervjueerinud Marju Riisikamp

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Metsjärv, Ene, 1943-

2014-01-01

Pianist, helilooja ja pedagoog Artur Lemba elust ja loometööst. A. Lemba õpilaste Veera Lensini, Salme Lohuaru (kuni 1950 Andre), Valentine Riivese, Tiiu Targamaa, Villem Reimanni ja Elsa Avessoni ülestähendusi oma õpetajast

Moeteater õpetab stiili tabama / Anneli Sihvart

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sihvart, Anneli, 1964-

2011-01-01

Kultuuripealinna programmi kuuluv 5. rahvusvaheline laste ja noorte moeteatrite festival "Max Moda 2011" Tallinnas Salme kultuurikeskuses 24.-26. märtsini. Festivali korraldavast moeteatrist Max Moda, mille kunstiline juht ja direktor on Maksim Hlebnikov. Tatjana Hlebnikova kommentaarid

Romantiline ajareis olevikust tulevikku mineviku kaudu / Gerhard Lock

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lock, Gerhard, 1978-

2011-01-01

26. veebruaril Eesti muusika päevade ja programmi "Tallinn - Euroopa kultuuripealinn 2011" raames Salme kultuurikeskuses toimunud Tatjana Kozlova autorikontserdist, kus kaasa tegid Annamaria Morini (flööt, Itaalia), Enzo Porta (viiul, Itaalia) ja ansambel Resonabilis

Ekskursioon Kozlova tämbrimaailma / Igor Garšnek

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Garšnek, Igor, 1958-

2011-01-01

26. veebruaril Eesti muusika päevade ja programmi "Tallinn - Euroopa kultuuripealinn 2011" raames Salme kultuurikeskuses toimunud Tatjana Kozlova autorikontserdist, kus kaasa tegid Annamaria Morini (flööt, Itaalia), Enzo Porta (viiul, Itaalia) ja ansambel Resonabilis

Empaatiline helilooja Tatjana Kozlova / Mirje Mändla

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Mändla, Mirje

2011-01-01

26. veebruaril Eesti muusika päevade ja programmi "Tallinn - Euroopa kultuuripealinn 2011" raames Salme kultuurikeskuses toimunud Tatjana Kozlova autorikontserdist, kus kaasa tegid Annamaria Morini (flööt, Itaalia), Enzo Porta (viiul, Itaalia) ja ansambel Resonabilis

Public health investigations of Salmonella Enteritidis in catering raw shell eggs, 2002-2004.

Science.gov (United States)

Little, C L; Surman-Lee, S; Greenwood, M; Bolton, F J; Elson, R; Mitchell, R T; Nichols, G N; Sagoo, S K; Threlfall, E J; Ward, L R; Gillespie, I A; O'Brien, S

2007-06-01

In response to a dramatic change in the epidemiology of Salmonella Enteritidis in England and Wales thought to be associated with raw shell eggs, the Health Protection Agency initiated public health investigations to establish the incidence of Salmonella contamination and origin of eggs used by catering premises implicated in outbreaks of Salm. Enteritidis. Between October 2002 and November 2004, 16 971 eggs were sampled and Salmonella were recovered from 3.4%. Salmonella was isolated from 5.5% and 6.3% of Spanish and eggs of unknown origin, respectively, used in catering premises linked to outbreaks, a level significantly higher than that (1.1%) found in nonLion Quality UK eggs sampled. The small sample of UK Lion Quality eggs tested (reflecting their lack of use in premises visited) did not contain Salmonella. Several phage types of Salm. Enteritidis other than phage type 4 (PT 4) were identified with nonUK eggs. Eggs from Spain were implicated as a major source of infection. Eggs were contaminated more frequently with Salmonella when shells were dirty and/or cracked, and stored at above 8 degrees C. The use of Spanish eggs by the catering sector has been identified as a consistent significant factor in many of the outbreaks caused by Salm. Enteritidis nonPT4 in England and Wales during 2002-2004. Advice to caterers and hospitals that raw shell eggs should not be used in food that will either not be cooked or only lightly cooked should be reinforced.

SWGELLA DYSENTERIAE TYPE 1 IN KwAZuLU-NATAL

African Journals Online (AJOL)

-control. 1995: 15. ure co. LABORATORY SURV~ILLAN.CEOF. SWGELLA DYSENTERIAE TYPE 1 IN. KwAZuLU- ... freeze-dried quality-eontrol specimens were prepared containing ... (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards,.

Välisminister Paet Afganistani tagant sundimist ei poolda / Urmas Paet ; inter. Priit Pullerits

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Paet, Urmas, 1974-

2008-01-01

Välisminister Urmas Paet leiab, et Afganistanis väidetavalt islamiusku teotavaid materjale levitanud ajakirjaniku Sayed Perwiz Kambakhshi surmamõistva otsuse tühistamiseks poliitilise surve avaldamine toob loodetust vastupidise tulemuse

Multiple‐locus variable‐number tandem repeat analysis of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kjeldsen, M. K.; Torpdahl, M.; Campos, J.

2014-01-01

Salmonella serovar Dublin causes disease in cattle and leads to considerable production losses. In humans, severe invasive disease and high mortality rates are reported. The presently available typing methods provide insufficient discrimination within Salm. Dublin for epidemiological investigatio...

Improving accuracy of breast cancer biomarker testing in India

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Tanuja Shet

2017-01-01

Full Text Available There is a global mandate even in countries with low resources to improve the accuracy of testing biomarkers in breast cancer viz. oestrogen receptor (ER, progesterone receptor (PR and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2neu given their critical impact in the management of patients. The steps taken include compulsory participation in an external quality assurance (EQA programme, centralized testing, and regular performance audits for laboratories. This review addresses the status of ER/PR and HER2neu testing in India and possible reasons for the delay in development of guidelines and mandate for testing in the country. The chief cause of erroneous ER and PR testing in India continues to be easily correctable issues such as fixation and antigen retrieval, while for HER2neu testing, it is the use of low-cost non-validated antibodies and interpretative errors. These deficiencies can however, be rectified by (i distributing the accountability and responsibility to surgeons and oncologist, (ii certification of centres for testing in oncology, and (iii initiation of a national EQA system (EQAS programme that will help with economical solutions and identifying the centres of excellence and instill a system for reprimand of poorly performing laboratories.

Eesti teatri aastaauhinnad 2004. aasta loomingu eest

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2006-01-01

Lavastajaauhind Tiit Ojasoo, naisnäitleja auhind Epp Eespäev, meesnäitleja Hendrik Toompere jun., naiskõrvalosatäitja Kadri Lepp, meeskõrvalosatäitja Herardo Kontreras, kunstnikuauhind Jaak Vaus, žürii eriauhind lavastaja Anne Türnpule ja kunstnik Liina Tepandile "Valgelaev ja taevakäijad" eest, kriitikuauhind Kristiina Garancis, Kristallkingakese auhind Mirtel Pohla ja Kaspar Jancis, muusikalavastuse auhind "Eesti ballaadid" kooslusele, tantsulavastuse auhind Maria Seletskajale ja ZUGA Ühendatud Tantsijatele, Priit Põldroosi preemia Aime Unt, Ants Lauteri preemia Indrek Saar, Liina Vahtrik, Salme Reegi preemia Peeter Tammearu, Aleksander Kurtna preemia Martin Algus, Natalie Mei preemia Eldor Renter, balleti- ja tantsulavastuse eriauhind Kaie Kõrb, Georg Otsa preemia Mati Kõrts, Salme Reegi preemia Peeter Tammearu, Karl Adra preemia Aarne Üksküla, Helmi Tohvelmani preemia Aleksander Eelmaa, Voldemar Panso preemia Mari-Liis Lill

Influencia del α-tocoferol en la incorporación y peroxidación del ácido araquidónico en alevines parr de salmón del Atlántico (Salmo salar L. Influence of α-tocopherol on arachidonic acid deposition and peroxidation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L. fingerlings

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Patricio Dantagnan

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Se evaluó el efecto sinérgico del ácido araquidónico (ARA (20:4n-6 y el α-tocoferol en la acumulación de estos nutrientes y su peroxidación en el músculo e hígado en juveniles de salmón del Atlántico (Salmo salar. Grupos por triplicado se alimentaron por 12 semanas con ocho dietas experimentales que contenían diferentes niveles de ácido araquidónico y α-tocoferol. Los parámetros productivos no se vieron afectados (P > 0,05 por las dietas suministradas. La acumulación del ARA en el músculo e hígado mostró diferencias significativas (P The synergistic effect of arachidonic acid (ARA (20:4n-6 and α-tocopherol on the accumulation of fatty acids and the peroxidation of lipids in liver and muscle was evaluated in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar juveniles. Triplicate groups were fed during 12 weeks with eight experimental diets with different levels of ARA and α-tocopherol. In all experimental diets the productive parameters were not affected (P > 0.05. ARA accumulation in muscle and liver showed significant differences (P < 0.05 between treatments. The synergic relationship between ARAAx4ocopherol was influenced (P < 0.05 only in the liver, showing that high levels of α-tocopherol and ARA favored the fatty acids accumulation in this organ. Results indicate that a dietary concentration up to 0.6% ARA, the increment of α-tocopherol is not necessary. The data obtained in this study demonstrated that the interaction between the ARA and α-tocopherol influenced the accumulation of fatty acids in the liver.

salmepaat.blogspot.com vahendab muistsete saladuste paljastamist / Andres Sepp

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Sepp, Andres

2008-01-01

Saaremaalt Salmelt leitud muinaspaadi uurimistööde tulemuste avalikustamiseks lõid arheoloogid Eestis spetsiaalse blogi. Konservaator Aive Rumm Tallinna Ülikooli Ajaloo Instituudist teeb blogis kokkuvõtte Salme muinaslaevast pärit metallesemete seisukorrast ning nende konserveerimise viisidest

Hatchery tank enrichment affects cortisol levels and shelter-seeking in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Näslund, Joacim; Rosengren, Malin; Del Villar, Diego

2013-01-01

Stocking programs using hatchery-reared salmon are often implemented for augmenting natural populations. However, survival of these fish is often low compared with wild conspecifics, possibly because of genetic, physiological, and behavioural deficiencies. Here, we compared presmolt Atlantic salm...

Sõna on naftaoraaklil / Roben Farzad

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Farzad, Roben

2008-01-01

Maakler- ja uuringufirma Weeden & Co energiavaldkonna vanemanalüütik Charles Maxwelli hinnangute kohaselt on maailmas naftapuudus aina süvenemas ning majandus satub seetõttu järjest tugevama surve alla

Kuidas töötab teie kooli tugisüsteem? / Maria Tiro, Siiri Klasberg, Maarika Kongi ... [jt.

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2011-01-01

Küsimusele vastasid Jüri gümnaasiumi direktor Maria Tiro, Tapa gümnaasiumi sotsiaalpedagoog Siiri Klasberg, Rakvere gümnaasiumi psühholoog Maarika Kongi, Kuressaare gümnaasiumi sotsiaalpedagoog Maret Martinson, Salme põhikooli direktor Marika Pütsep

Sõrve laulupüha peeti tugeva tuule kiuste väljas / Veljo Kuivjõgi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kuivjõgi, Veljo, 1951-

2009-01-01

Salmel peetud Sõrvemaa 146. aastapäeva laulupühal esinesid Salme külakoor ja Kärla külakoor (juhendaja Anita Kangur), Taritu segakoor (juhendaja Reet Laht), meesansambel Punased Sõstrad ja tantsurühm Lender Taritust (juhendaja Aili Salong)

Palynology and clay mineralogy of the Deccan volcanic associated ...

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

ontological studies of Deccan volcanic associated intertrappean sediments at ... and also for bridging the gap in the knowledge of palynofloral ..... G P, Systematic Association Special Volume, (Oxford: Clarendon .... Traps: A review; Geol. Surv.

Birma hunta jätkab repressioone / Igor Taro

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Taro, Igor

2007-01-01

Amnesty International teatas, et Birma diktaatorlikud võimud jätkavad teisitimõtlejate vahistamist, samal ajal teeb ÜRO saadik Ibrahim Gambari huntale poliitilise surve avaldamiseks ringsõitu Kagu-Aasias. Lisa: Rahutu riik Birma

2nd International external quality control assessment for the molecular diagnosis of dengue infections.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristina Domingo

Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Currently dengue viruses (DENV pose an increasing threat to over 2.5 billion people in over 100 tropical and sub-tropical countries worldwide. International air travel is facilitating rapid global movement of DENV, increasing the risk of severe dengue epidemics by introducing different serotypes. Accurate diagnosis is critical for early initiation of preventive measures. Different reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR methods are available, which should be evaluated and standardized. Epidemiological and laboratory-based surveillance is required to monitor and guide dengue prevention and control programmes, i.e., by mosquito control or possible vaccination (as soon as an effective and safe vaccine becomes available. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the external quality assurance (EQA study described is to assess the efficiency and accuracy of dengue molecular diagnosis methods applied by expert laboratories. STUDY DESIGN: A panel of 12 human plasma samples was distributed and tested for DENV-specific RNA. The panel comprised 9 samples spiked with different DENV serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4, including 10-fold dilution series of DENV-1 and DENV-3. Two specificity controls consisted of a sample with a pool of 4 other flaviviruses and a sample with chikungunya virus. A negative control sample was also included. RESULTS: Thirty-seven laboratories (from Europe, Middle East Asia, Asia, the Americas/Caribbean, and Africa participated in this EQA study, and reports including 46 sets of results were returned. Performance among laboratories varied according to methodologies used. Only 5 (10.9% data sets met all criteria with optimal performance, and 4 (8.7% with acceptable performance, while 37 (80.4% reported results showed the need for improvement regarding accomplishment of dengue molecular diagnosis. Failures were mainly due to lack of sensitivity and the presence of false positives. CONCLUSIONS: The EQA provides information on each laboratory

EMQN/CMGS best practice guidelines for the molecular genetic testing of Huntington disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Losekoot, Monique; van Belzen, Martine J; Seneca, Sara; Bauer, Peter; Stenhouse, Susan A R; Barton, David E

2013-05-01

Huntington disease (HD) is caused by the expansion of an unstable polymorphic trinucleotide (CAG)n repeat in exon 1 of the HTT gene, which translates into an extended polyglutamine tract in the protein. Laboratory diagnosis of HD involves estimation of the number of CAG repeats. Molecular genetic testing for HD is offered in a wide range of laboratories both within and outside the European community. In order to measure the quality and raise the standard of molecular genetic testing in these laboratories, the European Molecular Genetics Quality Network has organized a yearly external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for molecular genetic testing of HD for over 10 years. EQA compares a laboratory's output with a fixed standard both for genotyping and reporting of the results to the referring physicians. In general, the standard of genotyping is very high but the clarity of interpretation and reporting of the test result varies more widely. This emphasizes the need for best practice guidelines for this disorder. We have therefore developed these best practice guidelines for genetic testing for HD to assist in testing and reporting of results. The analytical methods and the potential pitfalls of molecular genetic testing are highlighted and the implications of the different test outcomes for the consultand and his or her family members are discussed.

Doktoritöödes näeb eestiainelisust / Lembitu Reio

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Reio, Lembitu, 1924-

2004-01-01

Uppsala Ülikoolis ja Karolinska Instituudis kaitsesid oma doktoritöid: Ann Grubbström, Sigrid Hedin, Salme Timmusk, Anton Terasmaa, Tanel Punga, Mari Kadi. Tanel Käämbrele määras Rootsi Kuninglik Teadusselts 2003. aasta füüsikaauhinna

Mürgilaeva maaletoojad / Sulev Vedler, Tarmo Vahter

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Vedler, Sulev, 1970-

2006-01-01

Paldiskis kinni peetud mürgilaeva Probo Koalat rentiv Madalmaade naftakaubanduskompanii Trafigura Beheer on Alexela Terminali suurim aktsionär. Keskkonnakaitsjate surve, laeva kinnipidamise põhjused ja süüdistused. Lisa: Alexela terminali omanikud

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Diabetes Empowerment Scale – Short Form

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fernanda Figueredo Chaves

Full Text Available ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Diabetes Empowerment Scale – Short Form for assessment of psychosocial self-efficacy in diabetes care within the Brazilian cultural context. METHODS Assessment of the instrument’s conceptual equivalence, as well as its translation and cross-cultural adaptation were performed following international standards. The Expert Committee’s assessment of the translated version was conducted through a web questionnaire developed and applied via the web tool e-Surv. The cross-culturally adapted version was used for the pre-test, which was carried out via phone call in a group of eleven health care service users diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The pre-test results were examined by a group of experts, composed by health care consultants, applied linguists and statisticians, aiming at an adequate version of the instrument, which was subsequently used for test and retest in a sample of 100 users diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus via phone call, their answers being recorded by the web tool e-Surv. Internal consistency and reproducibility of analysis were carried out within the statistical programming environment R. RESULTS Face and content validity were attained and the Brazilian Portuguese version, entitled Escala de Autoeficácia em Diabetes – Versão Curta, was established. The scale had acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.634 (95%CI 0.494– 0.737, while the correlation of the total score in the two periods was considered moderate (0.47. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.50. CONCLUSIONS The translated and cross-culturally adapted version of the instrument to spoken Brazilian Portuguese was considered valid and reliable to be used for assessment within the Brazilian population diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The use of a web tool (e-Surv for recording the Expert Committee responses as well as the responses in the

Inflatsioon survestab tootjat, kütuse hind vaenab kõiki / Anne Oja

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Oja, Anne, 1970-

2008-01-01

Inflatsioon mõjutab tootmist Eestis, kirjastajate kulud on võrdsustunud välismaa kirjastajate omadega ning köögiviljakasvataja Grüne Fee toodangu hinda on mõjutanud kütuse hind ja surve palkadele

Validation of contractor HMA testing data in the materials acceptance process.

Science.gov (United States)

2010-08-01

"This study conducted an analysis of the SCDOT HMA specification. A Research Steering Committee comprised of SCDOT, FHWA, and Industry representatives provided oversight of the process. The research process included a literature review, a brief surve...

Enhancement of perchlorate removal from groundwater by cationic granular activated carbon: Effect of preparation protocol and surface properties.

Science.gov (United States)

Hou, Pin; Yan, Zhe; Cannon, Fred S; Yue, Ye; Byrne, Timothy; Nieto-Delgado, Cesar

2018-06-01

In order to obtain a high adsorption capacity for perchlorate, the epoxide-forming quaternary ammonium (EQA) compounds were chemically bonded onto granular activated carbon (GAC) surface by cationic reaction. The optimum preparation condition of the cationic GAC was achieved while applying softwood-based Gran C as the parent GAC, dosing EQA first at a pH of 12, preparation time of 48 h, preparation temperature of 50 °C, and mole ratio of EQA/oxygen groups of 2.5. The most favorable cationic GAC that had the QUAB360 pre-anchored exhibited the highest perchlorate adsorption capacity of 24.7 mg/g, and presented the longest bed volumes (3000 BV) to 2 ppb breakthrough during rapid small scale column tests (RSSCTs), which was 150 times higher than that for the pristine Gran C. This was attributed to its higher nitrogen amount (1.53 At%) and higher positive surface charge (0.036 mmol/g) at pH 7.5. Also, there was no leaching of the quaternary ammonium detected in the effluent of the RSSCTs, indicating there was no secondary pollution occurring during the perchlorate removal process. Overall, this study provides an effective and environmental-friendly technology for improving GAC perchlorate adsorption capacity for groundwater treatment. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The effects of ozonation on select waterborne steroid hormones in recirculation aquaculture systems containing sexually mature Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Science.gov (United States)

A controlled 3-month study was conducted in 6 replicated water recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) containing a mixture of sexually mature and immature Atlantic salmon Salmo salar to determine whether water ozonation is associated with a reduction in waterborne hormones. Post-smolt Atlantic salm...

Global 3D imaging of Yersinia ruckeri bacterin uptake in rainbow trout fry

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Otani, Maki; Villumsen, Kasper Rømer; Koppang, Erling Olaf

2015-01-01

Yersinia ruckeri is the causative agent of enteric redmouth disease (ERM) in rainbow trout, and the first commercially available fish vaccine was an immersion vaccine against ERM consisting of Y. ruckeri bacterin. The ERM immersion vaccine has been successfully used in aquaculture farming of salm...

External Quality Assessment Scheme for Biological Monitoring of Occupational Exposure to Toxic Chemicals

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mi-Young Lee

2011-09-01

Conclusion: The EQAS has taken a primary role in improving the reliability of analytical data. A total quality assurance scheme is suggested, including the validation of technical documentation for the whole analytical procedure.

Ameerika ja Nõukogude Liidu kunstivahetus sulaajal: uhketest avamistest rutakate taandumisteni = Soviet-American art exchanges during the thaw: from bold openings to hasty retreats / Simo Mikkonen

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Mikkonen, Simo, 1978-

2013-01-01

Nõukogude Liidu valmidusest kultuurivahetuseks, vahetuste iseloomust ja nendega kaasnenud piirangutest. Ameerika ja Nõukogude kunstiprofessionaalide koostööst vahetusprojektide korraldamisel ning nende tegutsemisvabaduse määrast poliitilise surve all. Alfred Barri rollist näitustevahetuse elluviimisel.

ERKI moe ülevaatus pakkus täismajale toreda õhtu / Tiiu Oga

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Oga, Tiiu

2007-01-01

Eesti Kunstiakadeemia 13.01.2007 Salme kultuurikesksuses toimunud moeetendusest. Lavastaja Kaarel Väli, graafiline kujundus Eiko Ojala, videokunstnikud Taavi Varm ja Aleks Tenusaar koos RGB-ga, lavaline kujundus Ain Nurmela, valguskunstnik Meelis Lusmägi koos ET Valgusega. Korraldajad Jaanika Terasmaa ja Ester Kannelmäe

Eesti kultuurielu sovetiseerimine : Nõukogude kultuuripoliitika eesmärgid ja institutsionaalne raamistik aastatel 1944-1954 / Tiiu Kreegipuu

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kreegipuu, Tiiu

2007-01-01

Ka vaimse kultuuri vallas kehtestati valdkondade hierarhia. Esikohale seati kirjandus. Kogu kultuuri kirjeldamisel valitses vulgaarsotsioloogiline meetod. Välise surve tagajärjel hakkas süvenema kõige tõhusam tsensuuriliik - enesetsensuur. Teistest kunstiküsimustest eraldati institutsiooniliselt arhitektuuriasjad

[External quality assessment in clinical biochemistry laboratories: pilot study in 11 laboratories of Lomé (Togo)].

Science.gov (United States)

Kouassi, Kafui; Fétéké, Lochina; Assignon, Selom; Dorkenoo, Ameyo; Napo-Koura, Gado

2015-01-01

This study aims to evaluate the performance of a few biochemistry analysis and make recommendations to the place of the stakeholders. It is a cross-sectional study conducted between the October 1(st), 2012 and the July 31, 2013 bearing on the results of 5 common examinations of clinical biochemistry, provided by 11 laboratories volunteers opening in the public and private sectors. These laboratories have analysed during the 3 cycles, 2 levels (medium and high) of serum concentration of urea, glucose, creatinine and serum aminotransferases. The performance of laboratories have been determined from the acceptable limits corresponding to the limits of total errors, defined by the French Society of Clinical Biology (SFBC). A system of internal quality control is implemented by all laboratories and 45% of them participated in international programs of external quality assessment (EQA). The rate of acceptable results for the entire study was of 69%. There was a significant difference (plaboratories engaged in a quality approach and the group with default implementation of the quality approach. Also a significant difference was observed between the laboratories of the central level and those of the peripheral level of our health system (plaboratories remains relatively unsatisfactory. It is important that the Ministry of Health put in place a national program of EQA with mandatory participation.

Provenance Studies Through Petrography and Heavy Mineral

African Journals Online (AJOL)

USER

are also cement and voids. These four parameters make up the bulk textural properties of any ..... tidal effect held sway.The field work ... Laterites.Geol.Surv. Nigeria Rept. No. 1027. nd. Folk, R. L. 1974.Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks (2.

Küberrünnakute taga seisavad profid / Risto Berendson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Berendson, Risto, 1975-

2007-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Postimees : na russkom jazõke, 3. mai 2007, lk. 2. Venemaa IT-spetside rünnakutest Eesti netikülgedele valitsusasutuste ning presidendi kantselei vastu. Lisa: Küberrünnakud Eesti vastu. Vt. samas: PM Online sattus surve alla

Old moms with new tricks: modeling the effects of age-specific spawning behaviors in Pacific Ocean perch

Science.gov (United States)

In commercially exploited, long-lived fish species, age structure plays an important role in determining population stability and resilience to human and environmental impacts. The often observed increase in energy allocation per offspring by older females can improve larval surv...

Kümnes külateatrite festival on järgmisel aastal Raplamaal / Astra Põlma

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Põlma, Astra

2009-01-01

1.-3. maini 2009 Salme kultuurimajas toimunud 9. Külateatrite harrastusfestivalist, Vana-Vigala näitetrupi Topelt-Kiiks esinemisest, premeeritute loetelu. Grand prix' pälvis Jõelähtme näitetrupp etenduse "Biedermann ja tulesüütajad" eest. 10. Külateatrite festival toimub Raplamaal Märjamaa rahvamajas

External Quality Assessment of stat test intralaboratory turnaround times. Pilot study from the Members of the Working Group for the Standardization and Promotion of Turnaround Time Control under the Auspices of the Comitato Italiano per la Standardizzazione dei Metodi Ematologici e di Laboratorio.

Science.gov (United States)

Negri, M; Carraro, P; Caenaro, G; Cappelletti, P; Giavarina, D; Mezzena, G; Prandini, B; Rampoldi, E; Siviero, F

1998-11-01

We describe procedures, results and prospects of a pilot program in External Quality Assessment (EQA) of the stat test intralaboratory turnaround times. Our goals are to promote quality by systematic monitoring and comparison of performances by laboratories, continuous investigation into the state of the art of the processes from receipt of sample to transmission of results and creation of a data base for standardization of measures and definition of consensus values for turnaround time. Of 30 laboratories invited to participate, 25 took part, agreeing to record times of arrival and transmission for all determinations of three analytes (blood hemoglobin, serum/plasma potassium and plasma prothrombin time) for seven consecutive days and to continue for one or more further periods of seven days as necessary if there were less than 300 determinations for each analyte. Within a preset time limit, data were sent by e-mail on an Excel file and we sent back two reports per analyte, showing: i) the graph for time vs. percentage of tests completed and several measures of turnaround time; ii) results of all laboratories in graph form, allowing each laboratory to identify only its own data. The high proportion of participating laboratories among those invited (83%) encourages us to implement the EQA program systematically, on a half-yearly basis, extending it to all laboratories wishing to participate in Italy or elsewhere in Europe.

Obama: pange see lekkiv naftapuurauk ometi kinni / Heiki Suurkask

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Suurkask, Heiki, 1972-

2010-01-01

BP (endise nimega British Petroleum) asus uue hooga Mehhiko lahe naftaleket tõrjuma. Maailma suuruselt kolmas kütuse- ja energiafirma BP on tõsise surve all, kuna USA võimuvad nõuavad kõigi naftalekke tagajärgede kõrvaldamist. Skeem

Sõltuvus jaeketist paneb tootja nööri mööda käima / Kadri Bank ; kommenteerinud Maie Niit, Veiko Pak

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Bank, Kadri

2010-01-01

Tootjad süüdistavad kaubanduskette lepingute sõlmimises, millest saavad kasu ainult jaeketid, tootjaid ähvardatakse eksimuste puhul suurte trahvidega. Jaeketid ei nõustu sellega ja põhjendavad tootjatele surve avaldamist omavahelise konkurentsiga. Intervjuu Eesti Tarbijateühistute Keskühistu juhiga

NYYDi vabastav hingamine / Margit Tõnson

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tõnson, Margit, 1978-

2009-01-01

Uue muusika festivalil NYYD`09 raames 20. oktoobril Von Krahli Teatris etendunud Märt-Matis Lille kammerooperist "Indiate uurimine", 23. oktoobril Kanuti Gildi saalis Mart Kangro, Taavi Kerikmäe ja Ansambli U koostöös valminud lavastusest "Harmoonia" ja 25. oktoobril Salme Kultuurikeskuses etendunud Heiner Goebbelsi lavastusest "Eraritjaritjaka"

Dokfilm Mustjalast tõi võttegrupile ärakasutamissüüdistuse / Oliver Rand

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rand, Oliver, 1971-

2007-01-01

Sulev Keeduse dokumentaalfilmi "Jonathan Austraaliast" on Mustjalas puhkenud pahameeletorm. Nördimust avaldavad valla sotsiaaltöötaja Saima Lõhmus, vallavanem Kalle Kolter, vallavolikogu esimees Toivo Lõhmus, kui ka üks filmis osaleja Toomas Mõttus. Süüdistusi eitavad režissöör S. Keedus ja assistent Salme Poopuu

129 microbiological studies of blood specimen from presumptively ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

patient' serum for salmonella antibodies is a rapid tool in the diagnosis of enteric fever, but can afford an indirect ... which various dilutions of patient's serum are mixed with drops of either O or H-antigen of Salm. Typhi .... biochemical characterization and sero-typing are essential for complete identification of salmonella.

General Electric : Immelt surve all / Jena McGregor

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

McGregor, Jena

2008-01-01

Ettevõtte General Electric juht Jeffrey R. Immelt võitleb selle nimel, et taastada usaldus firma vastu, kuna laenukriis ja kehvad aktsiahinnad on tekitanud olukorra, kus investorid avaldavad suurt survet ettevõtte juhile. Lisa: GE kindralid

Väiketootjad jaekaupmeeste surve all / Eda-Liis Kann

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kann, Eda-Liis, 1979-

2004-01-01

Väiketootjatel on probleeme oma toodangu saamisega suurtesse kauplusekettidesse, sest kaupmeeste esitatud tingimusi on raske täita. Kommenteerivad Sirje Potisepp ja Anti Orav. Vaata samas: Eda-Liis Kann; Andres Kärssin. Kaupluskettide valikut suunavad tarbijad

Implicit Boundary Integral Methods for the Helmholtz Equation in Exterior Domains

Science.gov (United States)

2016-06-01

solve the Helmholtz equation as ∂Ω goes through significant change in its shape and topology — applications for which implicit representation of the...boundary-value problems for the wave equation and maxwell’s equations. Russian Math . Surv., 1965. [16] S. Reutskiy. The method of fundamental

Work in Progress in the Nordic Countries Related to Fatigue of Welded Components and Structures

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Samuelsson, Jack; Haagensen, Per; Agerskov, Henning

2008-01-01

Close international cooperation has been an important characteristic of the research on fatigue of welded structures in the Nordic countries. Cooperative projects were initiated already in the mid- 1980s and have continued for more than 20 years. Nordic delegates to IIW Commission XIII have surve...

Platform for Rapid Delivery of Biologics and Drugs to Ocular Cells and Tissues Following Combat Associated Trauma

Science.gov (United States)

2016-09-01

disease. Surv. Ophthalmol. 56, 95e113. Ueta, T., Mori, H., Kunimatsu, A., Yamaguchi , T., Tamaki, Y., Yanagi, Y., 2011. Stroke and anti-VEGF therapy...Ophthalmology 118 (10), 2093e2093.e2. Ueta, T., Yanagi, Y., Tamaki, Y., Yamaguchi , T., 2009. Cerebrovascular accidents in ranibizumab. Ophthalmology

The effect of radiotherapy on dysphagia and survival in patients with esophageal cancer

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Caspers, R.J.L.; Leer, J.W.H.; Welvaart, K.; Verkes, R.J.; Hermans, J.

1988-01-01

A group of 127 patients with esophageal cancer treated with radiotherapy at different dose levels was retrospectively analysed. It was found that 70.5% of the patients showed improvement of dysphagia and that 54% remained palliated with respect to food passage until their death. The two major prognostic variables with respect to the palliative effect on dysphagia as well as survival were the passage score and the radiation dose. Patients with severe dysphagia (PASS 0 or 1) had a median actuarial DFI and SURV of 3.7 and 6.4 months, respectively, in contrast to 16.0 and 8.7 months for patients who were able to use (semi)solid food (PASS 2 or 3). The median actuarial DFI and SURV of patients treated with a relatively low dose (less than 50 Gy in 5 weeks) were 2.5 and 4.8 months, respectively, compared to 10.1 and 8.3 months, respectively, for patients treated with a relatively high dose. 17 refs.; 4 figs.; 7 tabs

Environmental Planning Technical Report. Biological Resources

Science.gov (United States)

1984-01-01

Salmo clarki pleuriticus Colorado River cutthroat trout x Salmo clarki stomias Greenback cutthroat trout x Salmo gairdneri Rainbow trout x x x x Salmo...SnGFPD. These spec may occur within the drainages of the ROI s7able 2.5.S..1), The greenback cutthroet trout (SAlm cla.-ki stomias ) is federal-listed

The Italian pilot external quality assessment program for cystic fibrosis sweat test.

Science.gov (United States)

Salvatore, Marco; Floridia, Giovanna; Amato, Annalisa; Censi, Federica; Carta, Claudio; de Stefano, Maria Chiara; Ferrari, Gianluca; Tosto, Fabrizio; Capoluongo, Ettore; Caruso, Ubaldo; Castaldo, Giuseppe; Cirilli, Natalia; Corbetta, Carlo; Padoan, Rita; Raia, Valeria; Taruscio, Domenica

2016-05-01

Sweat chloride test is the gold standard test for cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosis. In 2014 the Istituto Superiore di Sanità established the Italian pilot external quality assessment program for CF sweat test (IEQA-ST). Ten laboratories, included among the 33 Italian CF Referral Centers, were selected and enrolled on the basis of their attitude to perform sweat test (ST) analysis by using methods recommended by the Italian Guidelines. They received three different sweat-like samples (normal, borderline and pathologic chloride concentration), with mock clinical indications, for analysis according to routine procedures. Assessment, performed by a panel of experts, covered analytical performance, interpretation and reporting of results; categories of "poor" and "satisfactory" performance were not defined. All data were managed through a web utility. The program identified important areas of interest and, in some case, of concern. It is important to underline that results are referred to a small proportion, i.e. about 30%, of Italian laboratories performing CF ST in the context of the Referral Centers. Data collected highlight the importance of participation in EQA programs as it may improve laboratory/clinical performance; our study represents a model for the setting up of a large-scale EQA scheme for ST. Copyright © 2016 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

VP Market spreads its wings further

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2004-01-01

Jaekaubandusettevõte VP Market süüdistab ehituskaupade firmat Senukai tarnijatele surve avaldamises mitte müüa oma tooteid Ermitazas'es, mis on VP Marketi poolt asutatud ehitus- ja majapidamiskaupade poe kett. VP Market'i Eesti esindaja sõnul kaalub ettevõte mõne kohaliku keti ostmist

Case report

African Journals Online (AJOL)

ebutamanya

2015-01-06

Jan 6, 2015 ... Academy of Ophthalmology annual meeting, Orlando, Florida. October 2002. PubMed | Google Scholar. 6. Leavitt JA, Pruthi S, Morgenstern BZ. Hypertensive retinopathy mimicking neuroretinitis in a twelve-year-old girl. Surv. Ophthalmol. 1997; 41(6): 477-80. PubMed | Google Scholar. 7. Dreyer RF, Hopen ...

Resistance of Benghal Dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) Seeds to Harsh Environments and the Implications for Dispersal by Mourning Doves (Zenaida macroura) in Georgia, U.S.A.

Science.gov (United States)

The potential dispersal of Benghal dayflower seeds by mourning doves was studied in southern Georgia, U.S.A. The gut contents (both crop and gizzard) of mourning doves harvested in the autumn months were investigated to determine if mourning doves fed on Benghal dayflower and whether seeds can surv...

Level of carbon dioxide diffuse degassing from the ground of Vesuvio: comparison between extensive surveys and inferences on the gas source

OpenAIRE

Granieri, D.; Carapezza, M. L.; Avino, R.; Caliro, S.; Cardellini, C.; Chiodini, G.; Donnini, M.; Minopoli, C.; Ranaldi, M.; Ricci, T.; Tarchini, L.

2013-01-01

An extensive campaign of diffuse CO2 soil flux was carried out at the cone of Vesuvio in October 2006 with two main objectives: 1) to provide an estimation of CO2 diffusely discharged through the soils in the summit area and 2) to evidence those sectors of the volcano where structural and morphological conditions could favour the gas output. The survey consisted of 502 measurements of soil CO2 flux homogenously distributed over an area of about 1.8 km2. Results of this surve...

Gymnasieelevers syn på influencers

OpenAIRE

Storbacka, Carl-Anton Storbacka; Jahn, Aron

2017-01-01

Influencer marketing has arguably emerged as one of the most effective forms of marketing, and it’s here to stay. That has made influencer marketing just as compelling of a research subject as it is useful for marketing professionals. This thesis aims to put an answer to how high school students experience influencer marketing across social media and how they feel it affect their buying intentions. The data that this study relies on is extracted from an opinion poll, the results of that surve...

Ishtshem novogo sotrudnika!

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Arutech Parimad Aknad OÜ tegevdirektor Svetlana Arutjunjan, ASi Klaasimeister juhatuse liige Tarmo Jullinen, Nordcarrier Transport Eesti OÜ juhatuse liige Andres Salm ja GU BKF Eesti OÜ tegevdirektor Sven Paulson oma kogemustest uute töötajate leidmisel ning valimisel. Vt. samas: Keda ei tasu tööle võtta (USA kompanii Leadership Development presidendi Dan Bobinski nõuandeid)

Molecular based assessment of genetic diversity of xoconostle ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

aghomotsegin

2014-01-08

Jan 8, 2014 ... Xoconostle or acidic prickly pear is an important fruit in Mexico; it is produced by a ... study, we report for the first time the estimation of genetic diversity within a set ... demonstrates the high genetic variation among genotypes of .... O. leucotricha Salm-Dyck × O. joconostle F.A.C Weber Zacatecas Wild Stock.

American Practical Navigator. An Epitome of Navigation. Volume 1

Science.gov (United States)

1977-01-01

Survey and Mr. Anthony S. Basile of this Center for their oontributions to the nautical chart chapter; Mr. Peter A. Mitchell, Naval Ocear.o- graphic Office...angle SB.f, which is exterior to the triangle ABA !, and hence equal to the sum of angles SALM and AM1O. A’M Ix-. 426 SEXTANT ALTITUDE CORRECTIONS

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Diabetes Empowerment Scale - Short Form.

Science.gov (United States)

Chaves, Fernanda Figueredo; Reis, Ilka Afonso; Pagano, Adriana Silvina; Torres, Heloísa de Carvalho

2017-03-23

To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Diabetes Empowerment Scale - Short Form for assessment of psychosocial self-efficacy in diabetes care within the Brazilian cultural context. Assessment of the instrument's conceptual equivalence, as well as its translation and cross-cultural adaptation were performed following international standards. The Expert Committee's assessment of the translated version was conducted through a web questionnaire developed and applied via the web tool e-Surv. The cross-culturally adapted version was used for the pre-test, which was carried out via phone call in a group of eleven health care service users diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The pre-test results were examined by a group of experts, composed by health care consultants, applied linguists and statisticians, aiming at an adequate version of the instrument, which was subsequently used for test and retest in a sample of 100 users diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus via phone call, their answers being recorded by the web tool e-Surv. Internal consistency and reproducibility of analysis were carried out within the statistical programming environment R. Face and content validity were attained and the Brazilian Portuguese version, entitled Escala de Autoeficácia em Diabetes - Versão Curta, was established. The scale had acceptable internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha of 0.634 (95%CI 0.494- 0.737), while the correlation of the total score in the two periods was considered moderate (0.47). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.50. The translated and cross-culturally adapted version of the instrument to spoken Brazilian Portuguese was considered valid and reliable to be used for assessment within the Brazilian population diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The use of a web tool (e-Surv) for recording the Expert Committee responses as well as the responses in the validation tests proved to be a reliable, safe and innovative method. Traduzir

Association of Verde plant bug, Creontiades signatus (Hemiptera: Miridae), with cotton boll rot

Science.gov (United States)

Cotton along the Gulf Coast of south Texas has experienced loss from cotton boll rot especially during the last 10 to 15 years, and stink bugs and plant bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae and Miridae) that feed on cotton bolls have been suspected in introducing the disease. A replicated grower field surv...

Verde plant bug associatioin with boll damage including cotton boll rot and potential in-season indicators of damage

Science.gov (United States)

Cotton along the Gulf Coast of south Texas has experienced loss from cotton boll rot especially during the last 10 to 15 years, and stink bugs and plant bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae and Miridae) that feed on cotton bolls have been suspected in introducing the disease. A replicated grower field surv...

Kas IT-juht on juhtkonnale tugi või partner? / Adriaan Kik, Aigar Koov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kik, Adriaan

2008-01-01

Kui IT on ettevõtte konkurentsivõime seisukohalt kriitilise tähtsusega või muutub selleks peagi ja investeeringute tasuvuse surve IT-juhile suureneb, peaks autorite väitel ettevõtte juhtkond võtma vastutuse IT-valdkonna eest, kaasates äritegevuse juhtimisse ka IT-juhi. Lisa: Infotehnoloogia ja äritegevuse koordineerimine

Horvaatia eurokõnelused tekitavad kahtlusi ÜRO tribunali sõltumatuses / Krister Paris

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Paris, Krister, 1977-

2005-01-01

Arvatakse, et Haagi sõjakuritegude tribunali peasüüdistajale Carla del Pontele avaldati tugevat survet, et tema hinnang Horvaatia kaastööle sõjakuritegudes süüdistatava kindral Ante Gotovina otsimisel muutus paari päeva jooksul positiivseks. Del Ponte eitab surve avaldamist. Lisa: Haagi tribunal jahib ajakirjanikku

SAMJ 8678.indd

African Journals Online (AJOL)

RESEARCH. 700. October ... Studies estimating the impact of screening programmes in Europe ... DR screening in South Africa (SA) is done on an ad hoc and ... The Scottish External Quality Assurance (EQA) process is an ... ophthalmologists with a high level of proficiency in assessing retinal ..... SA healthcare market.

Pilot Experience with an External Quality Assurance Scheme for Acylcarnitines in Plasma/Serum

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Sala, P Ruiz; Ruijter, G; Acquaviva, C; Chabli, A; de Sain-van der Velden, M G M; Garcia-Villoria, J; Heiner-Fokkema, M R; Jeannesson-Thivisol, E; Leckstrom, K; Franzson, L; Lynes, G; Olesen, J; Onkenhout, W; Petrou, P; Drousiotou, A; Ribes, A; Vianey-Saban, C; Merinero, B

2016-01-01

The analysis of acylcarnitines (AC) in plasma/serum is established as a useful test for the biochemical diagnosis and the monitoring of treatment of organic acidurias and fatty acid oxidation defects. External quality assurance (EQA) for qualitative and quantitative AC is offered by ERNDIM and CDC

Kruuda-Rahumaa suurtehingu kell kukub homme / Virge Lahe

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lahe, Virge

2008-01-01

30. mail on viimane päev, kui investeerimisfirma Alta Capital Partners saab Kalevi toiduainetööstuse aktsiate eest tasuda. Vt. samas: Kalevi aktsia võib sattuda surve alla; Müügis olevad "tükid" hoiavad Kalevit vee peal; Võlakirjad, pangalaenud, pandid. Diagramm: Kalevi omakapital ja kohustused. Kommenteerib Reimo Hammerberg

Demokraatia taganemine Venemaal / Dick Lugar

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lugar, Dick

2005-01-01

17. veebruaril USA Senatis esitatud Senati väliskomisjoni esimehe ettekanne, milles ta käsitles olukorda Venemaal, Venemaa katset sekkuda Ukraina valimistesse, toetust Gruusia separatistlikele regioonidele. Komisjoni esimehe sõnul peab USA jätkama Venemaale surve avaldamist, et seal hakkaks kehtima vaba ja õiglane poliitiline ning õiguslik süsteem

A retrospective evaluation of proficiency testing, and rapid HIV test ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Background: Proficiency testing (PT) has been implemented as a form of External Quality Assurance (EQA) by the National HIV Reference Laboratory in Kenya since 2007 in order to monitor and improve on the quality of HIV testing and counselling HTC services. Objective: To compare concordance between National HIV ...

Bibelens poetiske sprog

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nielsen, Kirsten

2009-01-01

billeder (mand, kvinde, de fire elementer) for at leve op til en nutidig fortolkning af billedforbuddet: Du må ikke gøre dig noget fast, afgrænset billede af Gud. Afslutningsvis behandles træet som eksempel på et bibelsk billede samt genbrugen deraf i Svein Ellingsens salme "Vi rækker vore hænder frem"....

Lennufirmad ägavad nafta hinna surve all / Tõnis Arnover

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Arnover, Tõnis, 1952-

2004-01-01

Nafta kõrge hind ähvardab palju kütust tarbivad lennukompaniid kahjumisse viia kuna tiheda konkurentsi tingimustes piletihindu tõsta ei soovita. Diagramm: Nafta hind tänavu kerkinud üle kolmandiku

Surve haridusminister Mailis Repsi ametist tagandamiseks kasvab / Kai Kalamees

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kalamees, Kai

2005-01-01

Endine siseminister Ain Seppik nõudis kapolt, et see uuriks haridus- ja teadusminister Mailis Repsi sõnavõtte Marimaal puudutava välisministeeriumi memo jõudmist ajakirjandusse. Opositsioon nõuab ministri tagasiastumist, Toomas Hendrik Ilvese sõnul ei tohi ükski minister lubada endale välismaal oma riigi kritiseerimist

Organisation of the Botanical Survey of India

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Steenis, van C.G.G.J.

1963-01-01

From the new (quarto 2-column) journal ”Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India”, initiated to supplement the ’Records’ and ’Annual Reports’ and to e cited as Bull. Bot. Surv. India, we are now informed about the shape of the studies of the Indian flora, since the reorganisation in 1954-55. Three

Fertilitas sai Viimsi haigla suuromanikuks / Violetta Riidas

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Riidas, Violetta

2008-01-01

Erahaigla Fertilitas omandas ligi 70 protsendilise osaluse Viimsi haiglas. Vt. samas: Haigla müügi otsustas Fertilitase poolne surve juurdeehituseks; Viimsi haigla läks 7 kuuga Fertilitasele; Fertilitase tütar ja sidusettevõtted. Diagramm: Viimsi haigla omanikering; Fertilitase omanikering. Ilmunud ka Äripäev 11. nov. lk. 9, lühendatud

Tesis doctorales

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Pasado y Memoria

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Resúmenes de tesis doctorales: ALARCÓN ALARCÓN, María del Mar, Biografía histórica de Pedro Alcántara de Toledo y Salm-Salm, duque del Infantado (1768-1841, tesis doctoral dirigida por el Dr. Emilio La Parra López, defendida el 25 de septiembre de 2015 en el Departamento de Humanidades Contemporáneas de la Universidad de Alicante; PÉREZ CASANOVA, Guillermo Jorge, La búsqueda de la unidad europea: el europeísmo español entre 1914 y 1931, tesis doctoral dirigida por el Dr. Salvador Forner Muñoz, defendida el 9 de marzo de 2015 en el Departamento de Humanidades Contemporáneas de la Universidad de Alicante. Accesible en el Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante (RUA; PIQUERES DÍEZ, Antonio J., Los españoles y José I. La imagen del rey, tesis doctoral dirigida por los Dres. Emilio La Parra López y Rafael Fernández Sirvent, defendida el 11 de septiembre de 2015 en el Departamento de Humanidades Contemporáneas de la Universidad de Alicante, 624 pp.

Hirmu teretulnud naasmine maailma rahaturgudele / Martin Wolf ; tõlk. Erik Aru

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Wolf, Martin

2007-01-01

Ajalehe The Financial Times majanduskommentaator finantskriisist maailmamajanduses. Tõenäoliselt saabub kahjumite kokkuarvamise, karmistuvate krediiditingimuste ja laenukoormuste vähendamise aeg, mis toob kaasa tugeva surve intressimäärade järsuks langetamiseks, et kriisiohtlik süsteem hädast päästa. Sellele survele tuleks vastu hakata nii kaua kui võimalik

A W Joshi

Indian Academy of Sciences (India)

What can we Learn from the Electromagnetic Spectrum? A W Joshi Alok Kumar · More Details Fulltext PDF. Volume 8 Issue 7 July 2003 pp 76-84 Classroom. Simple, Concept-Centred, Innovative, Open-Ended Experiments in Physics – 1 · A W Joshi Vijay H Raybagkar F I Surve · More Details Fulltext PDF. Volume 8 Issue 9 ...

Mirounga leonina

African Journals Online (AJOL)

Marion Island and Antarctica (SANAE). JI. S. Afr. bioI. Soc. 3: 27-84. LAWS, R.M. 1953. The elephant seal (Mirounga leonina Linn.). I. Growth and age. Sci. Rep. Falkland Is. Dep. Surv. 8: 1-62. LAWS, R.M. 1956. The elephant seal (Mirounga leonina Linn.) II. General, social and reproductive behaviour. Sci. Rep. Falkland Is.

En retorisk analyse af en Hodayot-salme fra Qumran

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hasselbalch, Trine Bjørnung

2007-01-01

I salmesamlingen Hodayot (1QHa), fundet blandt Dødehavsrullerne, skelner man mellem to grupper af salmer på baggrund af måden hvorpå salmisten fremtræder. Når forskere diskuterer salmesamlingens organisationsprincip, bygger de ofte deres synspunkter på den antagelse at der har været mindst to for...

Tallinna ajalooliste puitasumite korterelamute välisuksed

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2014-01-01

24 värv. fotot ustest (J. Poska 14 ja 51a, Sügise 11 ja 14, Paekivi 9, Koidu 72/72a, A. Weizenbergi 12 ja 19, Tatari 21a, Toompuiestee 18, Allika 8, Luise 14, Õle 15, Aasa 10, Kolde pst. 56, Magasini 13, Mooni 12, Kungla 21, Valgevase 3, Salme 7, Nõmme-Kase 1, Vabaduse pst. 123, Ao 5, Lennuki 26)

Eesti räpane sisepoliitika võtab Gaudeamuselt ühe salmi / Tuuli Koch

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Koch, Tuuli

2006-01-01

Nördimust presidendivalimiste ja poliitikas toimuva suhtes näitab Tallinna Ülikool õppeaasta pidulikul avaaktusel sellega, et jätab riigile tänu avaldava salmi Gaudeamusest laulmata. Selgitab rektor Rein Raud. Lisa: Ärajääv salm. Foto allkiri: President Arnold Rüütel pani ametiraha Tallinna Ülikooli värske rektori Rein Raua kaela tänavu 15. mail

Cultivo en mesocosmos: un modelo de acuicultura marina para ser aplicado en Colombia

OpenAIRE

Casas R., José Joaquín

2001-01-01

Durante las últimas dos décadas, la acuicultura en Colombia ha crecido esencialmente en el campo de la acuicultura de aguas dulces. La introducción de especies como la tilapia roja, la trucha arco iris, el salmón coho y cultivos con algunas especies nativas como la cachama, yamú y bocachico, han estimulado el desarrollo de este sector económico

Effect of biometric characteristics on biomechanical properties of the cornea in cataract patient.

Science.gov (United States)

Song, Xue-Fei; Langenbucher, Achim; Gatzioufas, Zisis; Seitz, Berthold; El-Husseiny, Moatasem

2016-01-01

To determine the impact of biometric characteristics on the biomechanical properties of the human cornea using the ocular response analyzer (ORA) and standard comprehensive ophthalmic examinations before and after standard phacoemulsification. This study comprised 54 eyes with cataract with significant lens opacification in stages I or II that underwent phacoemulsification (2.8 mm incision). Corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure (IOPg), and corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc) were measured by ORA preoperatively and at 1mo postoperatively. Biometric characteristics were derived from corneal topography [TMS-5, anterior equivalent (EQTMS) and cylindric (CYLTMS) power], corneal tomography [Casia, anterior and posterior equivalent (EQaCASIC, EQpCASIA) and cylindric (CYLaCASIA, CYLpCASIA) power], keratometry [IOLMaster, anterior equivalent (EQIOL) and cylindric (CYLIOL) power] and autorefractor [anterior equivalent (EQAR)]. Results from ORA were analyzed and correlated with those from all other examinations taken at the same time point. Preoperatively, CH correlated with EQpCASIA and CYLpCASIA only (P=0.001, P=0.002). Postoperatively, IOPg and IOPcc correlated with all equivalent powers (EQTMS, EQIOL, EQAR, EQaCASIA and EQpCASIA) (P=0.001, P=0.007, P=0.001, P=0.015, P=0.03 for IOPg and PBiometric characteristics may significantly affect biomechanical properties of the cornea in terms of CH, IOPcc and IOPg before, but even more after cataract surgery.

peru : tous les projets | Page 6 | CRDI - Centre de recherches pour ...

International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

Région: Ghana, Peru, Canada. Programme: Initiative internationale des chaires de recherche. Financement total : CA$ 1,000,000.00. Accès à la justice des femmes ayant survécu à des actes de violence : des commissariats de police réservés aux femmes en Amérique latine. Projet. La violence faite aux femmes constitue ...

Thoughts on Internal and External Quality Assurance

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Jianxin

2012-01-01

Quality assurance of higher education is made up of two parts: internal quality assurance (IQA) and external quality assurance (EQA). Both belong to a union of the coexistence and balance of yin and yang. But in reality there exists a paradox of "confusion of quality assurance (QA) subject consciousness, singularity of social QA and lack of QA…

Coordination of CO to the alkaline earth metallocene [(Me₅C₅)₂Ca

OpenAIRE

Selg, Peter; Brintzinger, Hans-Herbert; Andersen, Richard A.; Horváth, István T.

1995-01-01

The exothermic formation of a Ca–CO complex [Eq.(a), ΔHo = −25 kJ mol−1] confirms that CO can bind to a metal center without π back donation from filled d orbitals. In its spectroscopic properties, the calcocene–carbonyl complex resembles "nonclassical" noble metal carbonyl complexes. Cp* = η5-C5Me5.

The UKNEQAS scheme for cerebrospinal fluid haem pigments: a paradigm for service improvement.

Science.gov (United States)

Beetham, Robert; Egner, William; Patel, Dina

2011-11-01

We describe the programme of an established External Quality Assurance (EQA) provider and a Specialist Advisory Group (SAG) to develop a successful EQA scheme for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) haem pigments as an example of a professionally led, unfunded initiative with the real potential to benefit patients. Within three years, we had assured sample stability, stoichiometry, and published best practice guidelines, enabling both analytical results and interpretation to be assessed and reported with an educative summary of the desired responses. Misclassification scoring of analysis and interpretation was introduced. Following audit, guidelines were modified and republished. The outcomes were as follows: Participant numbers increased from 63 at inception to 150 10 years later; The percentage of participants using visual inspection, a poor practice indicator, decreased from 27% to less than 1%; In all, 94-100% of participants consistently detected minor increases in bilirubin over the last four years of the scheme; More than 93% of participants were able to interpret analytical results linked to straightforward clinical scenarios; Misclassification scoring demonstrated that more complex scenarios repeatedly posed problems and is the next challenge to address. Scheme success is attributed to the experience of the operator and the formation of a voluntary expert advisory group, with both concerned to advance science and patient safety and thus contribute unpaid time and effort in order to succeed. In times of fiscal constraint, such resource may not be so readily available, yet is a vital part of continuous quality improvement for the benefit of patients.

The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Program: Immunohistochemistry Breast Marker Audit Overview 2005-2015.

Science.gov (United States)

Haffajee, Zenobia Ayesha Mohamed; Kumar, Beena; Francis, Glenn; Peck, Martyn; Badrick, Tony

2017-11-20

The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Program (RCPAQAP) Anatomical Pathology provides a comprehensive External Quality Assurance (EQA) exercise to review the reporting of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in-situ hybridization (ISH) breast markers through an audit of clinical results. The aim of this exercise was to provide information regarding the quality of breast marker testing within clinical laboratories from 2005 to 2015. This comprehensive audit included estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 marker reporting. This was an important quality assurance activity established in response to ongoing difficulties experienced in laboratories in this area of testing.

State of the art vs biological variability: Comparison on hematology parameters using Spanish EQAS data.

Science.gov (United States)

Molina, A; Guiñon, L; Perez, A; Segurana, A; Bedini, J L; Reverter, J C; Merino, A

2018-02-05

It is important for clinical laboratories to maintain under control the possible sources of error in its analytical determinations. The objective of this work is to perform an analysis of the total error committed by laboratories using the data extracted from the Spanish External Quality Assessment Program in Hematology and to compare them with the specifications based on the biological variability proposed by the Ricós group. We analyzed a total of 3 89 000 results during the period 2015-2016 from the following quantitative schemes of Spanish External Quality Assessment Program: complete blood count, blood coagulation tests, differential leukocyte count, reticulocytes, hemoglobin A 2 , antithrombin, factor VIII, protein C, and von Willebrand factor. It has been considered as an indicator of the current performance the value of total error that 90% of laboratories are able to achieve, taking into account 75% of their results. We found some magnitudes whose biological variability specifications are achievable by most of the laboratories for either minimum, desirable, or optimum criteria: white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, platelets, fibrinogen, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, von Willebrand factor, and protein C. However, current performance for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and hemoglobin A 2 only allows to meet the specifications based on the state of the art. Our results reflect the feasibility of establishing specifications based on biological variability criteria or the state of the art, which may help to select the proper criteria for each parameter. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

The AquaDEB project (phase I): Analysing the physiological flexibility of aquatic species and connecting physiological diversity to ecological and evolutionary processes by using Dynamic Energy Budgets

OpenAIRE

Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Van Der Veer, Henk W.; Kooijman, Sebastiaan A.l.m.

2009-01-01

The European Research Project AquaDEB (2007–2011, http://www.ifremer.fr/aquadeb/) is joining skills and expertise of some French and Dutch research institutes and universities to analyse the physiological flexibility of aquatic organisms and to link it to ecological and evolutionary processes within a common theoretical framework for quantitative bioenergetics [Kooijman, S.A.L.M., 2000. Dynamic energy and mass budgets in biological systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge]. The main sci...

Teel taevatundmise poole / Pille-Riin Purje

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Purje, Pille-Riin, 1963-

2009-01-01

Neljast rollist teatriaastast 2008: Rein Oja - akadeemik Gustav Naan (Erki Aule - Enn Vetemaa - Merle Karusoo "Sigma Tau-C705", Eesti Draamateater), Priit Võigemast - Rannap (Tiit Ojasoo - Ene-Liis Semper "Ruja", Vanemuine), Ülle Kaljuste - Salme (Andrus Kivirähk "Üks udune päev" (kuuldemäng), režissöör Astrid Relve. Raadioteater), Piret Laurimaa - Eleonore ja Esme (vanem) Tom Stoppard "Rock'n'roll", lavastaja Heiti Pakk, Endla)

Jõuluks koju ehk Saksamaa aina suurema surve all / Kaivo Kopli

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kopli, Kaivo

2011-01-01

Soome rahandusministri Jutta Urpilaineni hinnangul võiks mõelda Euroopa Keskpanga rolli tugevdamisele. Ühiseid eurovõlakirju toetava Austria peaministri Werner Faymanni sõnul võiks Euroopa Keskpank ise osta riikide võlakirju. Saksamaa kaalub kuue AAA-reitinguga euroala riigi ühiste võlakirjade väljaandmist

Establishment of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in Pacific basins of southern South America and its potential ecosystem implications Establecimiento del salmón Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha en cuencas del Pacífico sur de Sudamérica y sus potenciales implicancias ecosistémicas

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DORIS SOTO

2007-03-01

management tools and approaches to control the populations avoiding irreversible ecosystem disruptions and social conflictsLos salmonídeos no son nativos del hemisferio sur, y es así que las truchas (arcoiris y café se establecieron en el sur de Sudamérica hace un siglo. La mayoría de los intentos por introducir salmones anádromos falló hasta el establecimiento de la acuicultura en los años ochenta. A partir de 1990, aparentemente debido a escapes de Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (salmón Chinook de cultivo, se están produciendo retornos reproductivos de esta especie en cuencas chilenas y argentinas al sur de los 39º S. En este trabajo se muestra la ocurrencia histórica y espacial de salmón chinook en cuatro cuencas de vertiente Pacífica durante la última década. Nuestro objetivo es establecer el progreso de su establecimiento al tiempo que se proyectan algunos impactos así como alternativas de manejo. En Chile, el muestreo se realizó entre 1995 y 2005 incluyendo los ríos Petrohué, Poicas, Río Negro-Hornopirén, y el Lago Puyehue, en la X Región. En Argentina los ríos muestreados incluyen al Futaleufú, Carrenleufú y Pico. En las cuencas chilenas y argentinas los Chinook reproductivos alcanzaban 73 a 130 cm de largo total encontrándose los más pequeños en el Lago Puyehue donde la población estaría encerrada. En el Río Petrohué, los retornos variaron de año en año alcanzando máximos en 1996 y en el 2004 de hasta 500 kg de pescado en una extensión de 100 m de río. La distribución temporal de juveniles sugiere que principalmente se trata del tipo chinook oceánico ya que migrarían al mar durante el primer año de vida. Como se observa en Petrohué, poblaciones reproductivas de la especie aportarían cantidades relevantes de nutrientes de origen marino tal como ocurre en sus hábitats naturales, produciendo así una importante perturbación a los balances y ciclos naturales en estos sitios. El establecimiento de poblaciones de Chinook en el sur de

Fontes de óleo e níveis de suplementação de vitamina E na ração sobre a qualidade do sêmen suíno acondicionado a 17 e 5ºC Oil sources and levels of vitamin E supplementation in the diet on the quality of boar semen cooled at 17 and 5°C

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elenice Andrade Moraes

2010-07-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adição de fontes de óleo e dos níveis de suplementação de vitamina E na ração sobre as características do sêmen suíno resfriado a 17ºC e 5ºC. Foram utilizados 24 suínos machos reprodutores Dalboar 85 distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3, com duas fontes de óleo (soja e salmão e três níveis de antioxidantes (150, 300 e 450 mg de vitamina E/kg. Nos animais sob suplementação com óleo de salmão, a motilidade e o teste hiposmótico dos espermatozoides após 24, 48 e 72 horas foram superiores aos observados nos animais alimentados com a ração com óleo de soja. O óleo de salmão aumentou o vigor em ambas as temperaturas avaliadas após 24 e 48 horas. A ocorrência de anormalidades morfológicas totais foi maior no sêmen dos animais sob suplementação com óleo de soja e resfriado a 17ºC, enquanto na menor temperatura de resfriamento (5º não houve diferença entre os animais sob suplementação. A morfologia anormal no sêmen a 5ºC foi maior que no sêmen resfriado a 17ºC. O óleo de salmão melhora as características espermáticas do sêmen suíno resfriado a 17 e 5ºC durante 24 a 48 horas.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of oil sources and levels of vitamin E supplementation in the rations on the characteristics of boar semen cooled at 17 and 5ºC. It was used twenty-four Dalboar 85 boars distributed in a complete random design, in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme, with two sources of oil (soybean and salmon and three levels of antioxidant (150, 300 and 450 vitamin E mg/kg. For animals under supplementation with salmon oil, the motility and hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST of sperm after 24, 48, and 72 hours was higher than the ones observed in animals fed soybean oil ration. Salmon oil increased the vigor in both temperatures evaluated after 24 and 48 hours. The occurence of total morphological abnormalities

Quality assurance practices in Europe: a survey of molecular genetic testing laboratories

Science.gov (United States)

Berwouts, Sarah; Fanning, Katrina; Morris, Michael A; Barton, David E; Dequeker, Elisabeth

2012-01-01

In the 2000s, a number of initiatives were taken internationally to improve quality in genetic testing services. To contribute to and update the limited literature available related to this topic, we surveyed 910 human molecular genetic testing laboratories, of which 291 (32%) from 29 European countries responded. The majority of laboratories were in the public sector (81%), affiliated with a university hospital (60%). Only a minority of laboratories was accredited (23%), and 26% was certified. A total of 22% of laboratories did not participate in external quality assessment (EQA) and 28% did not use reference materials (RMs). The main motivations given for accreditation were to improve laboratory profile (85%) and national recognition (84%). Nearly all respondents (95%) would prefer working in an accredited laboratory. In accredited laboratories, participation in EQA (Pquality assurance (Pquality implementation score (QIS), we showed that accredited laboratories (average score 92) comply better than certified laboratories (average score 69, Pquality indicators. We conclude that quality practices vary widely in European genetic testing laboratories. This leads to a potentially dangerous situation in which the quality of genetic testing is not consistently assured. PMID:22739339

Väljavaade 2009. aastaks / George Soros ; tõlkinud Janek Salme

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Soros, George, 1930-

2009-01-01

Hea rahvusvahelise koostöö korral võib maailmamajandus hakata sügavast august välja ronima 2010. aasta lõpus, maailmamajanduse tulevik sõltub suuresti sellest, kas USA president Barack Obama algatab ulatusliku abinõude paketi ning kui edukalt see ellu viiakse

Entrevista con Luis Ramiro Beltrán Salmón

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fanny Patricia Franco Chávez

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Luis Ramiro Beltrán es un personaje obligado a la hora de hablar de la relación entre la comunicación y el desarrollo. En la siguiente entrevista, conocemos la génesis de este campo a través de un personaje que nos comparte su perfil como pionero y sus experiencias iniciales en Latinoamérica para acercarnos a las primeras definiciones de este campo y a lo que debe ser esencial en la formación del perfil de un comunicador para el desarrollo social.

Will robots replace us? : an Empirical analysis of the impacts of robotization on employment in the Norwegian manufacturing industry

OpenAIRE

Grøndahl, Fredrik; Eriksen, Gina Hegland

2017-01-01

Rapid advances in robotics, artificial intelligence, and digital technologies have introduced renewed concern that labor will become redundant. The aim of this thesis is to assess whether there exists a relationship between robotization and employment in the time periods 1996-2005 and 2008-2015 in Norwegian manufacturing industries. We exploit data on operational robots from the International Federation of Robotics and individual level data from the Norwegian Labour Force Surve...

Norovirus Genotype Profiles Associated with Foodborne Transmission, 1999??"2012

OpenAIRE

Verhoef, Linda; Hewitt, Joanne; Barclay, Leslie; Ahmed, Sharia; Lake, Rob; Hall, Aron J.; Lopman, Ben; Kroneman, Annelies; Vennema, Harry; VinjA(c), Jan; Koopmans, Marion

2015-01-01

textabstractWorldwide, noroviruses are a leading cause of gastroenteritis. They can be transmitted from person to person directly or indirectly through contaminated food, water, or environments. To estimate the proportion of foodborne infections caused by noroviruses on a global scale, we used norovirus transmission and genotyping information from multiple international outbreak surveillance systems (Noronet, CaliciNet, EpiSurv) and from a systematic review of peer-reviewed literature. The pr...

The Previously Undetected Presence of Culex restuans (Diptera: Culicidae) in Central America, with Notes on Identification

Science.gov (United States)

1988-01-01

geografica actualizada. Rev. Inv. Salud Publica (Mexico) 33: 11 I - 125. Heinemann, S.J. and J.N. Belkin. 1977. Collection records of the project...Mosquitoes of Middle America” 8. Central America: Belize (BH), Guatemala (GUA), El Salvador ( SAL ), Honduras (HON), Nicaragua (NI, NIC). Mosq. Syst...Culicidae). Ill. Nat. Hist. Surv. Biol. Notes 52, 50 pp. Vargas, L. 1956. Especies y distribucidn de mosquitos mexicanos no anofelinos. Rev. Instit. de

Tallinn olümpiamängud ja boikott = Tallinn, the Olympic Games and boycotts / Hannes Rumm

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Rumm, Hannes, 1968-

2008-01-01

Nii 1980. kui ka 2008. aasta olümpiamängude puhul oli eriline see, et mõlemad korraldas kommunistlik suurriik ning mõlemal korral põhjustas olümpiamängude poliitiline taust maailmas palju pahameelt. Riigikogu liikme arvates mõjutas Pekingi olümpiamängude avapäeval puhkenud Venemaa-Gruusia konflikt olumpialiikumist, pannes Rahvusvahelise Olümpiakomitee järgmiste olümpialinnade valikul surve alla

Racial/Ethnic Workplace Discrimination: Association with Tobacco and Alcohol Use

OpenAIRE

Chavez, Laura J.; Ornelas, India J.; Lyles, Courtney R.; Williams, Emily C.

2014-01-01

Experiences of discrimination are associated with tobacco and alcohol use, and work is a common setting where individuals experience racial/ethnic discrimination. Few studies have evaluated the association between workplace discrimination and these behaviors, and none have described associations across race/ethnicity.To examine the association between workplace discrimination and tobacco and alcohol use in a large, multistate sample of U.S. adult respondents to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surv...

Eesti teatri aastaauhinnad 2002

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

A. Shapiro - lavastajaauhind, L. Peterson - meesnäitleja auhind, L. Säälik - naisnäitleja auhind, J. Rekkor - meeskõrvalosa auhind, K. Mihkelson - naiskõrvalosa auhind, E.-L. Semper - kunstnikuauhind, K. Raid - žürii eriauhind, K. Kõrb, J. Karpova - balleti- ja tantsuteatri auhind, J. Nael balleti- ja tantsuteatri eriauhind, M. Malmsten, G. Raudsep - Ants Lauteri preemia, L. Epner - Priit Põldroosi preemia, A. Lamp - Aleksander Kurtna preemia, R. Raud - Salme Reegi preemia, E. Tamm, M. Soomets - Kristallkingakese preemia

Jätkusuutlikkusest tervisesektoris / Tiit Siinmaa

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Siinmaa, Tiit

2005-01-01

Ülevaade 24. novembril 2005. a. Tallinnas Salme kultuurikeskuses toimunud tervisefoorumi "Eesti tervisesüsteemi arengud ja väljakutsed" kolmanda sessiooni ettekannetest. Esinesid Maailma Tervishoiuorganisatsiooni Euroopa regionaalse kontori tervisesüsteemide finantseerimise regionaalnõunik Joseph Kutzin, Singapuri ülikooli tervisepoliitika ja -juhtimise professor Kai Hong Phua, rahandusministeeriumi finantspoliitika asekantsler Veiko Tali, sotsiaalministeeriumi terviseala asekantsler Ivi Normet, Tervise Arengu Instituudi arenduskeskuse juhataja kt Aljona Kurbatova ja Euroopa Rahvatervise Assotsiatsiooni juhtkomitee liige dr Anu Kasmel. Lisatud statistilised tabelid ja diagrammid

CLSI-based transference of the CALIPER database of pediatric reference intervals from Abbott to Beckman, Ortho, Roche and Siemens Clinical Chemistry Assays: direct validation using reference samples from the CALIPER cohort.

Science.gov (United States)

Estey, Mathew P; Cohen, Ashley H; Colantonio, David A; Chan, Man Khun; Marvasti, Tina Binesh; Randell, Edward; Delvin, Edgard; Cousineau, Jocelyne; Grey, Vijaylaxmi; Greenway, Donald; Meng, Qing H; Jung, Benjamin; Bhuiyan, Jalaluddin; Seccombe, David; Adeli, Khosrow

2013-09-01

The CALIPER program recently established a comprehensive database of age- and sex-stratified pediatric reference intervals for 40 biochemical markers. However, this database was only directly applicable for Abbott ARCHITECT assays. We therefore sought to expand the scope of this database to biochemical assays from other major manufacturers, allowing for a much wider application of the CALIPER database. Based on CLSI C28-A3 and EP9-A2 guidelines, CALIPER reference intervals were transferred (using specific statistical criteria) to assays performed on four other commonly used clinical chemistry platforms including Beckman Coulter DxC800, Ortho Vitros 5600, Roche Cobas 6000, and Siemens Vista 1500. The resulting reference intervals were subjected to a thorough validation using 100 reference specimens (healthy community children and adolescents) from the CALIPER bio-bank, and all testing centers participated in an external quality assessment (EQA) evaluation. In general, the transferred pediatric reference intervals were similar to those established in our previous study. However, assay-specific differences in reference limits were observed for many analytes, and in some instances were considerable. The results of the EQA evaluation generally mimicked the similarities and differences in reference limits among the five manufacturers' assays. In addition, the majority of transferred reference intervals were validated through the analysis of CALIPER reference samples. This study greatly extends the utility of the CALIPER reference interval database which is now directly applicable for assays performed on five major analytical platforms in clinical use, and should permit the worldwide application of CALIPER pediatric reference intervals. Copyright © 2013 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Difilobotriasis humana en la Patagonia, Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Semenas Liliana

1997-01-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: El objetivo del trabajo fué detectar hospedadores humanos en la zona andino patagónica argentina, teniendo en cuenta las prácticas de pesca desportiva y la importancia de los salmónidos dentro de la zona. MATERIAL Y METODO: Entre 1986 y 1995 se implementaron Campañas de Información en los laboratorios de Análisis Clínicos de la región andinopatagónica argentina, destinadas a lograr una detección más eficiente de la difilobotriasis, a través de análisis coproparasitológicos. RESULTADOS: Adicionalmente, se confeccionaron planillas destinadas a recoger información sobre las características de la infección, del tratamiento y del paciente. Durante este período se detectaron 13 nuevos casos humanos, por identificación directa del parásito o por la presencia de huevos en materia fecal. Las características de las infecciones responden a las descriptas para el género Diphyllobothrium. CONCLUSIONES: En la región, los salmónidos son los peces predilectos en la pesca deportiva. Estos peces, frecuentemente parasitados con larvas, constituyen la principal fuente de contagio para el hombre al ser consumidos insuficientemente cocidos o ahumados en frío.

Difilobotriasis humana en la Patagonia, Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana Semenas

1997-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: El objetivo del trabajo fué detectar hospedadores humanos en la zona andino patagónica argentina, teniendo en cuenta las prácticas de pesca desportiva y la importancia de los salmónidos dentro de la zona. MATERIAL Y METODO: Entre 1986 y 1995 se implementaron Campañas de Información en los laboratorios de Análisis Clínicos de la región andinopatagónica argentina, destinadas a lograr una detección más eficiente de la difilobotriasis, a través de análisis coproparasitológicos. RESULTADOS: Adicionalmente, se confeccionaron planillas destinadas a recoger información sobre las características de la infección, del tratamiento y del paciente. Durante este período se detectaron 13 nuevos casos humanos, por identificación directa del parásito o por la presencia de huevos en materia fecal. Las características de las infecciones responden a las descriptas para el género Diphyllobothrium. CONCLUSIONES: En la región, los salmónidos son los peces predilectos en la pesca deportiva. Estos peces, frecuentemente parasitados con larvas, constituyen la principal fuente de contagio para el hombre al ser consumidos insuficientemente cocidos o ahumados en frío.

Performance of different mono- and multiplex nucleic acid amplification tests on a multipathogen external quality assessment panel.

Science.gov (United States)

Loens, K; van Loon, A M; Coenjaerts, F; van Aarle, Y; Goossens, H; Wallace, P; Claas, E J C; Ieven, M

2012-03-01

An external quality assessment (EQA) panel consisting of a total of 48 samples in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid or transport medium was prepared in collaboration with Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics (QCMD) (www.qcmd.org). The panel was used to assess the proficiency of the three laboratories that would be responsible for examining the 6,000 samples to be collected in the GRACE Network of Excellence (www.grace-lrti.org). The main objective was to decide on the best-performing testing approach for the detection of influenza viruses A and B, parainfluenza virus types 1 to 3, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus, coronavirus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila by nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAATs). Two approaches were chosen: (i) laboratories testing samples using their in-house procedures for extraction and amplification and (ii) laboratories using their in-house amplification procedures on centrally extracted samples. Furthermore, three commercially available multiplex NAAT tests-the ResPlex (Qiagen GmbH, Hilden, Germany), RespiFinder plus (PathoFinder, Maastricht, The Netherlands), and RespiFinder Smart 21 (PathoFinder) tests-were evaluated by examination of the same EQA panel by the manufacturer. No large differences among the 3 laboratories were noticed when the performances of the assays developed in-house in combination with the in-house extraction procedures were compared. Also, the extraction procedure (central versus local) had little effect on performance. However, large differences in amplification efficacy were found between the commercially available tests; acceptable results were obtained by using the PathoFinder assays.

DESEMPEÑO ANALÍTICO EN LA DETERMINACIÓN DE COLESTEROL Y TRIGLICÉRIDOS EN LABORATORIOS CLÍNICOS DE LA CIUDAD DE MARACAIBO, VENEZUELA I ANALYTICAL PERFORMANCE IN THE DETERMINATION OF CHOLESTEROL AND TRIGLICERIDES IN CLINICAL LABORATORIES FROM MARACAIBO CITY, VENEZUELA

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Solbellys Cruz

2018-04-01

Full Text Available In order to evaluate the analytical performance in the determination of total cholesterol (CT and triglycerides (TG in clinical laboratories in the city of Maracaibo, Venezuela , applying an external quality assessment ( EQA, six comercial controls sera normal (CN and six abnormal (CA were distributed to thirteen laboratories using automated equipment for these measurements. To assess the performance inter-and intralaboratory, the precision was determined through the coefficient of variation (CV and accuracy by calculating the relative percent deviation (DRP. The analytical goal for the interlaboratory evaluation was following Aspen ́s criteria, (CV for CT up to 8.3 % and for TG up to 12.5 % and for intralaboratory using six sigma criteria: 2.8 % for CT and 4.2 % for TG. In interlaboratory precision, the CV obtained was 7.88% and 9.35% for CT and TG, respectively; and for intralaboratory, CV for CT was 4.87% and 5.84% for TG. From the laboratories evaluated, only 15.38% for CT and 46.15% for TG reached the the intralaboratory precision. The percentage of laboratories with acceptable DRP to CT was 73.08% and 92.11% for TG. Most laboratories did not reach the analytical goal in relation to intralaboratory precision and the accuracy was satisfactory for both determinations and both controls. It was concluded that the transferability of results between laboratories in the region is possible for CT and TG, getting the best analytical performance for TG. It was also shown internal quality control failures, requiring the implementation of EQA programs in the region

The significance of domino effect in chemical accidents

OpenAIRE

Hemmatian, Behrouz; Abdolhamidzadeh, B; Darbra Roman, Rosa Maria; Casal Fàbrega, Joaquim

2014-01-01

A historical survey was performed on 330 accidents involving domino effect, occurred in process/storage plants and in the transportation of hazardous materials; only accidents occurred after 1st-January-1961 have been considered. The main features – geographical location, type of accident, materials involved, origin and causes, consequences, domino sequences – were analyzed, with special consideration to the situation in the developing countries and compared to those from other previous surve...

Six Sigma Process and its Impact on the Organizational Productivity

OpenAIRE

Masoud Hekmatpanah; Mohammad Sadroddin; Saeid Shahbaz; Farhad Mokhtari; Farahnaz Fadavinia

2008-01-01

The six sigma method is a project-driven management approach to improve the organization-s products, services, and processes by continually reducing defects in the organization. Understanding the key features, obstacles, and shortcomings of the six sigma method allows organizations to better support their strategic directions, and increasing needs for coaching, mentoring, and training. It also provides opportunities to better implement six sigma projects. The purpose of this paper is the surv...

Internal Medicine Residents Reject ?Longer and Gentler? Training

OpenAIRE

Gopal, R. K.; Carreira, F.; Baker, W. A.; Glasheen, J. J.; Crane, L. A.; Miyoshi, T. J.; Prochazka, A. V.

2007-01-01

Background Increasing complexity of medical care, coupled with limits on resident work hours, has prompted consideration of extending Internal Medicine training. It is unclear whether further hour reductions and extension of training beyond the current duration of 3?years would be accepted by trainees. Objective We aimed to determine if further work-hour reductions and extension of training would be accepted by trainees and whether resident burnout affects their opinions. Design A postal surv...

An Analysis of Introductory Programming Courses at UK Universities

OpenAIRE

Murphy, Ellen; Crick, Tom; Davenport, James H.

2016-01-01

Context: In the context of exploring the art, science and engineering of programming, the question of which programming languages should be taught first has been fiercely debated since computer science teaching started in universities. Failure to grasp programming readily almost certainly implies failure to progress in computer science. Inquiry: What first programming languages are being taught? There have been regular national-scale surveys in Australia and New Zealand, with the only US surv...

The reliability of iridology in the diagnosis of previous acute appendicitis, as evidenced by appendectomy

OpenAIRE

2012-01-01

M.Tech. Iridology is defined as a science that identifies pathological and functional changes within organs via assessing the iris for aberrant lines, spots, and discolourations (Medow, 2000). According to iridology, the iris does not reflect changes during anaesthesia, due to its inhibitory effect on nerves impulses, and in cases of organ removal, it reflects the pre-surgical condition (Jensen, 1986). The Homoeopathic profession is frequently associated with iridology and in a recent surv...

A pilot evaluation of external quality assessment of GenoType MTBDRplus versions 1 and 2 using dried culture spot material.

Science.gov (United States)

Gous, N; Isherwood, L E; David, A; Stevens, W; Scott, L E

2015-04-01

Dried culture spots (DCS) of inactivated Mycobacteria strains designed as part of an external quality assessment (EQA) program for the GeneXpert system has applications to other molecular tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic platforms. DCS tested on the GenoType MTBDRplus and Mycobacterium CM assays performed well with MTBDRplus version 2 but require increased bacterial concentration for use with version 1. Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Serotyping, PCR, phage-typing and antibiotic sensitivity testing of Salmonella serovars isolated from urban drinking water supply systems of Nepal

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bhatta, D.R.; Bangtrakulnonth, A.; Tishyadhigama, P.

2007-01-01

Aims: To study the occurrence and diversity of Salmonella serovars in urban water supply systems of Nepal. Methods and Results: Occurrence of Salmonella was detected in 42 out of 300 water samples by enrichment culture technique in selenite F broth followed by plating on Salmonella Shigella agar...... isolates of Salm. Enteritidis indicated the presence of one of the ESBL genes, blaSHV, whereas the genes blaTEM and blaCTX were absent. Conclusions: The microbiological quality of the urban water supply is poor and indicates possibility of fatal outbreaks of enteric fever and related infections in Nepal....... Significance and Impact of the Study: The present study will be useful in water borne disease control and prevention strategy formulation in Nepal and in the global context....

Is treatment with ICS and LABA cost-effective for COPD? Multinational economic analysis of the TORCH study

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Briggs, A; Glick, H; Lozano-Ortega, G

2009-01-01

regions, 3-yr all-cause hospitalisation, medication and outpatient care costs were calculated. The sample was restricted to the 21 countries (n = 4,237) in which European quality of life five-dimension (EQ-5D) data were collected in order to estimate the number of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs...... in Western Europe. Compared with P, SFC has a lower incremental cost-effectiveness ratio than either FP or Salm used alone, and is, therefore, preferred to these monotherapies on the grounds of cost-effectiveness....

Eesti teatri aastaauhinnad 2001

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2002-01-01

Lavastajaauhind Hendrik Toompere, meesnäitleja Mait Malmsten, naisnäitleja Kersti Kreismann, meeskõrvalosatäitja Sulev Teppart, naiskõrvalosatäitja Kersti Tombak, kunstnikupreemia Ene-Liis Semper, eriauhind Marko Matvere, tantsulavastuse auhind Age Oks, Toomas Edur, Katrin Essenson, kriitikuauhind Reet Neimar ja Lea Tormis, Ants Lauteri preemia Katariina Lauk-Tamm ja Andres Raag, Salme Reegi auhind VAT Teater, Priit Põldroosi preemia Ingo Normet, Aleksander Kurtna preemia Tõnu Oja ja Villu Kangur, Georg Otsa preemia Pille Lill, muusikalavastuse auhind Mati Palm, muusikalavastuse eriauhind Teo Maiste

Trendy marketingu na sociálních sítích a jejich využití ve sportu

OpenAIRE

Kropáček, Josef

2017-01-01

Topic: Trends marketing on social networks and their use in sport Objectives: The main objective is Diploma thesis is a study of current trends in marketing on social networks toward use in sports. Methods: In thesis were analyzed current trends in marketing on social networks with application to sport and used to analyze methods of monitoring, observation. Further, it was in sports topic also used semi structured interview with the PR managers of sports organizations and a questionnaire surv...

Obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome in adults with Down syndrome

OpenAIRE

Hill, Elizabeth A.

2016-01-01

Key points Adults with Down syndrome are predisposed to obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) due to overlap between the Down syndrome phenotype and OSAHS risk factors. The prevalence of OSAHS in adults with Down syndrome is estimated at 35?42%. This is up to ten-times higher than in the general adult population. Symptoms of OSAHS, including behavioural and emotional disturbances as well as standard symptoms such as sleepiness, should be monitored as part of regular health surve...

Participation in lifelong learning in Portugal and the UK

OpenAIRE

Hilary Ingham; Mike Ingham; Jose Adelino Afonso

2013-01-01

Lifelong learning (LLL) has now been on the agenda of the European Union and other major international organizations for some considerable time, with the European institutions stressing the need that such learning should be available to all, especially hard to reach groups. This paper seeks to explore LLL participation in Portugal and the UK, two countries at opposite ends of the adult learning spectrum and having very different labour market and educational contexts. Using Labour Force Surve...

Application of accrual accounting in Iran municipalities

OpenAIRE

Ali Eamaeilzade Maghariee; Zahra Houshmand Neghabi; Rahele Abdi

2015-01-01

Accrual accounting is a technique for recognizing expenses when incurred and revenue when earned rather than when payment is made or received. In the cash method of accounting, on the other hand, cash receipts and disbursements technique of accounting or cash accounting records revenue when cash is earned, and expenses when they are paid in cash. In this paper, we present an empirical investigation to study the effect of implementing accrual accounting in municipality of Amol, Iran. The surve...

Prevalencia de la discriminación de género y el acoso sexual en una institución pública y otra privada en Quito, a partir de la aplicación de encuestas entre enero a julio del 2017.

OpenAIRE

Egas Tello, Prissila Tatiana

2018-01-01

This degree work is about sexual harassment and gender discrimination in the workplace. It researched two cases: in a private factory and the other a public institution. Both of them are located in Quito. This research contributed for the debate about workplace harassment and gender discrimination in the workplace. These were identified in a public institution and in a private institution in Quito, through a quantitative investigation. It was realized from January 2017 to July 2017. Two surve...

An empirical study on the impact of stress on the relationship between locus of control and job satisfaction and job performance

OpenAIRE

Mahbobeh Khorshidifar; Ali Abedi

2011-01-01

Stress plays an important role on job satisfaction in many industries such as accounting. We present an empirical study to examine the impact of job stress on the relationship between the locus of control and accountants' job satisfaction. The study selects a sample of 65 senior and regular accountants who work for thirteen different regional municipalities of city of Mashad located in east part of Iran. The study uses different well-known questionnaire methods such as stress diagnostic surve...

Hodnocení ve výtvarné výchově z pohledu žáků prvního stupně ZŠ - empirická výzkumná sonda

OpenAIRE

Švehlová, Lucie

2013-01-01

The theoretical part of the thesis contains information about the assessment and the specific method of assessment in the art education. The research part is divided into preliminary research and three stages of research - the interview, the observation and questionnaire own experiment and subsequent questioning. In these stages of research I have found information on the experiences and attitudes to assessment in the art education, but also on the whole subject of the art education. The surv...

Equidad de género en el acceso a la atención de salud en Chile

OpenAIRE

Vega M, Jeanette; Bedregal G, Paula; Jadue H, Liliana; Delgado B, Iris

2003-01-01

Background: In the last two decades, Chile has experienced advances in economical development and global health indicators. However, gender inequities persist in particular related to access to health services and financing of health insurance. Aim: To examine gender inequities in the access to health care in Chile. Material and methods: An analysis of data obtained from a serial national survey applied to assess social policies (CASEN) carried out by the Ministry of Planning. During the surv...

Elements of the universe in Philo's De Vita Mosis: Cosmological theology or theological cosmology?

OpenAIRE

Steyn, Gert J.

2013-01-01

It is the intention of this article to investigate how Philo's understanding of the universe, and particularly its four basic elements as taught by the Greek philosophers, influenced his description of the God of Israel's world in which the Moses narrative unfolds. Given the fact that Philo was a theologian par excellence, the question can be asked whether Philo's approach is closer to what one might call 'theological cosmology' or rather closer to 'cosmological theology'? After a brief surve...

Barriers facing female entrepreneurs : a study in the Gauteng Province, South Africa

OpenAIRE

2012-01-01

M.B.A. Everywhere in the world, an increasing number of female entrepreneurs are becoming the pillars of economic growth and development. This exploratory research sought to investigate the barriers facing female entrepreneurs and to establish whether these barriers are exacerbated for women because of their gender. It focuses on the experiences and perceptions of female entrepreneurs in the urban formal sector of the Gauteng area of South Africa. Data for the study was gathered by a surve...

Digitální nomádství

OpenAIRE

Petráková, Veronika

2017-01-01

This bachelor thesis deals with the complex introduction of the new trend of livelihood - digital nomadism and examines the economic aspect of this phenomenon. In the theoretical part, digital nomadism is introduced and explains how digital nomads can earn money and what types of work they perform most often. Furthermore, the specifics of distance learning and the specifics of employment of remote workers are described here. In the practical part is described and evaluated questionnaire surve...

Capacidad de los laboratorios nacionales de referencia en Latinoamérica para detectar mecanismos de resistencia emergentes Capability of national reference laboratories in Latin America to detect emerging resistance mechanisms

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alejandra Corso

2011-12-01

Control Program in Bacteriology and Antibiotic Resistance (LA-EQAS to detect emerging resistance mechanisms- namely: resistance of enterobacteria to carbapenems due to the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC and metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL type IMP, and intermediate resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolates to vancomycin (vancomycin-intermediate resistant S. aureus-VISA. METHODS: The following three isolates were sent to the 17 participating LA-EQAS laboratories: KPC -producing Klebsiella pneumoniae PAHO-161, IMP-producing Enterobacter cloacae PAHO-166, and S. aureus PAHO-165 with intermediate resistance to vancomycin. Performance of each of the following operations was evaluated: interpretation of sensitivity tests, detection of the resistance mechanism, and assessment of either inhibition halo size (disk diffusion method or minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC. RESULTS: Concordance in the detection of resistance mechanisms was 76.4%, 73.3%, and 66.7% for the K. pneumoniae PAHO-161, E. cloacae PAHO-166, and S. aureus PAHO-165 strains, respectively. Concordance between the inhibition areas observed by the participating laboratories and the ranges established by the coordinating laboratory was acceptable for all three isolates, at 90.8%, 92.8%, and 88.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Overall concordance in on the detection of KPC, MBL, and VISA resistance mechanisms was 72.1%. We consider the national reference laboratories in Latin America capable of recognizing these emerging resistance mechanisms and expect that maximum levels of concordance will be reached in the future.

Efeito da fonte de óleo e dos níveis de suplementação de vitamina E na ração sobre o congelamento de sêmen de suínos Effect of oil sources supplementation levels of E vitamin in the diet on the boar semen cryopreservation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Elenice Andrade Moraes

2011-06-01

Full Text Available Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adição de fontes de óleo e dos níveis de suplementação de vitamina E na ração sobre a criopreservação de sêmen suíno. Foram utilizados 24 suínos machos reprodutores Dalboar 85, com idades de 12 a 18 meses, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2 × 3, com duas fontes de óleo (soja e salmão e três níveis de vitamina E (150, 300 e 450 mg/kg. O sêmen foi coletado semanalmente (1 coleta/macho, diluído com meio centrifugador (1:1 e mantido a 25ºC por 2 horas. Após centrifugação (800 g, 10 minutos, o pélete foi suspenso com meio de congelamento para concentração final de 1 × 10(9 espermatozoides/mL. O sêmen foi envasado em palhetas de 0,5 mL e colocado dentro de tubo de ensaio (17ºC, 35 minutos. Após esse período, as palhetas foram retiradas do tubo e mantidas por 25 minutos, quando foram submetidas a vapor de nitrogênio por 20 minutos e mergulhadas em nitrogênio líquido. Após o descongelamento, o sêmen dos animais alimentados com a ração acrescida de óleo de soja reduziu a motilidade, o vigor, a porcentagem de espermatozoides vivos e o teste hiposmotico. A motilidade média do sêmen após a diluição e durante as etapas do congelamento foi de 85 e 84% para os animais que receberam óleo de salmão e soja, respectivamente. Entretanto, após o descongelamento, a motilidade dos espermatozoides dos animais alimentados com a ração contendo óleo de salmão e soja reduziu para 30 e 24%, respectivamente. O sêmen dos animais tratados com óleo de soja apresentou menor porcentagem de espermatozoides vivos e morfologia normal em comparação aos tratados com óleo de salmão. A suplementação com óleo de salmão na dieta de suínos promove redução das características negativas observadas no sêmen suíno descongelado.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of addition of oil and of levels of supplementation of E vitamin on

Un análisis sobre la prensa rosa salmón

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Alberto Martínez M.

2006-01-01

Full Text Available A partir de un análisis de tipología descriptiva, la presente investigación confronta al periodismo económico regional, que en su aparente afán por mantener cercanía con el poder viene seleccionando audiencias y excluyendo otras en una ruptura con la esencia comunicativa e, inclusive, la misma función social de la actividad de la que informa.

Extraction and characterization of Agave salmiana Otto ex Salm-Dyck fructans

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

César I. Godínez-Hernández

2016-01-01

Full Text Available Los fructanos son polímeros de fructosa con grandes aplicaciones en la industria de alimentos funcionales. Aunque los fructanos de Agave angustifolia spp. tequilana ya se producen industrialmente y comienzan a tener demanda en EE. UU., para su extracción se sigue utilizando la cabeza o piña de maguey (tallo y bases foliares con madurez variable, lo cual repercute en la calidad y en procesos que encarecen la producción. En este trabajo se describe un método alternativo para la extracción de fructanos de tallos de Agave salmiana, el cual es más simple y facilita la obtención de manera natural u orgánica. Se evaluaron los rendimientos absoluto y relativo del concentrado de fructanos (CF, referidos tanto al tallo como a la cabeza de maguey, así como su calidad mediante el análisis por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC. El rendimiento de CF (95 % MS de materia seca del tallo fresco fue de 21 % y casi 80 % del tallo seco. El CF libre de humedad está compuesto por cerca de 80 % de fructanos y el resto por trisacáridos (cerca de 9.5 %, cenizas (5 %, sacarosa (1 % y sapogeninas (0.85 %; cantidades de glucosa y fructosa no fueron detectables (< 0.002 %.

Uus Eesti lugu: heade uudisteta? / Edward Lucas ; tõlkinud Janek Salme

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Lucas, Edward, 1962-

2009-01-01

Autor leiab, et Eesti peab pärast eurotsooniga liitumist keskenduma rohkem elukvaliteedile, mitte raha hulgale. Tuleb panna rõhku Eestile kui riigile, mis on avatud väljastpoolt tulevatele talentidele ja ideedele, ning lõpetada avaliku teenistuse politiseerimine

AmWeb: a novel interactive web tool for antimicrobial resistance surveillance, applicable to both community and hospital patients.

Science.gov (United States)

Ironmonger, Dean; Edeghere, Obaghe; Gossain, Savita; Bains, Amardeep; Hawkey, Peter M

2013-10-01

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is recognized as one of the most significant threats to human health. Local and regional AMR surveillance enables the monitoring of temporal changes in susceptibility to antibiotics and can provide prescribing guidance to healthcare providers to improve patient management and help slow the spread of antibiotic resistance in the community. There is currently a paucity of routine community-level AMR surveillance information. The HPA in England sponsored the development of an AMR surveillance system (AmSurv) to collate local laboratory reports. In the West Midlands region of England, routine reporting of AMR data has been established via the AmSurv system from all diagnostic microbiology laboratories. The HPA Regional Epidemiology Unit developed a web-enabled database application (AmWeb) to provide microbiologists, pharmacists and other stakeholders with timely access to AMR data using user-configurable reporting tools. AmWeb was launched in the West Midlands in January 2012 and is used by microbiologists and pharmacists to monitor resistance profiles, perform local benchmarking and compile data for infection control reports. AmWeb is now being rolled out to all English regions. It is expected that AmWeb will become a valuable tool for monitoring the threat from newly emerging or currently circulating resistant organisms and helping antibiotic prescribers to select the best treatment options for their patients.

Tuberculosis Laboratory Diagnosis Quality Assurance among Public Health Facilities in West Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Science.gov (United States)

Shiferaw, Melashu Balew; Hailu, Hiwot Amare; Fola, Abebe Alemu; Derebe, Mulatu Melese; Kebede, Aimro Tadese; Kebede, Abayneh Admas; Emiru, Manamnot Agegne; Gelaw, Zelalem Dessie

2015-01-01

Reliable smear microscopy is an important component of Directly Observed Treatment Scheme (DOTS) strategy for TB control program in countries with limited resources. Despite external quality assessment is established in Ethiopia, there is lower TB detection rate (48%) in Amhara region compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate (70%). This highlights the quality of smear microscopy needs to be evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the quality of sputum smear microscopy performance among health center laboratories in West Amhara region, Ethiopia. A cross sectional study was conducted from July 08, 2013 to July 07, 2014. Data were collected from 201 public health center laboratories using a structured questionnaire. Slides were collected based on Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) method and rechecked blindly by trained laboratory technologists. The data were entered into EPI info V.7 and smear quality indicators and AFB results were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Among 201 laboratories enrolled in this study, 47 (23.4%) laboratories had major errors. Forty one (20.4%) laboratories had a total of 67 false negative and 29 (14.4%) laboratories had a total of 68 false positive results. Specimen quality, smear thickness and evenness were found poor in 134 (66.7%), 133 (66.2%) and 126 (62.7%) laboratories, respectively. Unavailability of microscope lens cleaning solution (AOR: 2.90; 95% CI: 1.25-6.75; P: 0.013) and dirty smears (AOR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.14-6.18; P: 0.024) were correlated with false negative results whereas no previous EQA participation (AOR: 3.43; 95% CI: 1. 39-8.45; P: 0.007) was associated with false positive results. The performance of health facilities for sputum smear microscopy was relatively poor in West Amhara region. Hence, strengthening the EQA program and technical support on sputum smear microscopy are recommended to ensure quality tuberculosis diagnostic service.

Tuberculosis Laboratory Diagnosis Quality Assurance among Public Health Facilities in West Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Melashu Balew Shiferaw

Full Text Available Reliable smear microscopy is an important component of Directly Observed Treatment Scheme (DOTS strategy for TB control program in countries with limited resources. Despite external quality assessment is established in Ethiopia, there is lower TB detection rate (48% in Amhara region compared to the World Health Organization (WHO estimate (70%. This highlights the quality of smear microscopy needs to be evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the quality of sputum smear microscopy performance among health center laboratories in West Amhara region, Ethiopia.A cross sectional study was conducted from July 08, 2013 to July 07, 2014. Data were collected from 201 public health center laboratories using a structured questionnaire. Slides were collected based on Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS method and rechecked blindly by trained laboratory technologists. The data were entered into EPI info V.7 and smear quality indicators and AFB results were analyzed by SPSS version 20.Among 201 laboratories enrolled in this study, 47 (23.4% laboratories had major errors. Forty one (20.4% laboratories had a total of 67 false negative and 29 (14.4% laboratories had a total of 68 false positive results. Specimen quality, smear thickness and evenness were found poor in 134 (66.7%, 133 (66.2% and 126 (62.7% laboratories, respectively. Unavailability of microscope lens cleaning solution (AOR: 2.90; 95% CI: 1.25-6.75; P: 0.013 and dirty smears (AOR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.14-6.18; P: 0.024 were correlated with false negative results whereas no previous EQA participation (AOR: 3.43; 95% CI: 1. 39-8.45; P: 0.007 was associated with false positive results.The performance of health facilities for sputum smear microscopy was relatively poor in West Amhara region. Hence, strengthening the EQA program and technical support on sputum smear microscopy are recommended to ensure quality tuberculosis diagnostic service.

[Quality assessment of microscopic examination in tuberculosis diagnostic laboratories: a preliminary study].

Science.gov (United States)

Simşek, Hülya; Ceyhan, Ismail; Tarhan, Gülnur; Güner, Uğur

2010-10-01

Recently, the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) has based on smear microscopy in the Direct Observed Treatment Strategy (DOTS) programme which provides the basis of treatment worldwide. Microscopic detection of AFB (Acid-Fast Bacilli) is one of the main components in the National TB Control Programmes (NTCP). Precision level in microscopy procedures and evaluations are the most important steps for accurate diagnosis of the disease and to initiate proper treatment. Therefore, the external quality assessment (EQA) is the most important implement to provide the reliability and validity of tests. In countries where NTCP are performed, this task is fulfilled by the National Reference Laboratories (NRL) according to the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). For this purpose a pilot study was initiated by the central NRL of Turkey for EQA of AFB smear microscopy as part of the NTCP on January 1, 2005. A total of 5 laboratories of which 2 were district TB laboratories (A, B), 2 were tuberculosis control dispensaries (C, D), 1 was a national reference laboratory (E), participated in this study. Blind re-checking method (re-examination of randomly selected slides) was used for the evaluation, and the slides were sent to the central NRL with 3 months interval, four times a year, selected according to LQAS (Lot Quality Assurance Sampling) guides. In the re-evaluation of the slides, false positivity (FP), false negativity (FN) and quantification errors (QE) were noted. Laboratory A, sent totally 525 slides between January 1, 2005 and April 1, 2008. In the result of re-checking, 514 (97.9%) slides were found concordant, and 11 (2.1%) were discordant (10 FP, 1 FN). Laboratory B, participated in the study between October 1, 2005 and July 1, 2006 and of the 67 re-examined slides, 60 (89.5%) were concordant and 7 (10.5%) were discordant (2 FP, 0 FN, 5 QE). Laboratory C, sent 235 slides between January 1, 2005 and April 1, 2006; of them 218 (92.8%) were detected

Uncovering Local Impacts – The Influence of Transnational Municipal Climate Networks on Urban Climate Governance

OpenAIRE

Busch, Henner; Bendlin, Lena; Fenton, Paul; Forschungszentrum für Umweltpolitik

2018-01-01

In recent years, many cities have joined transnational municipal climate networks (TMCNs), which were set up in response to climate change. Despite the fact that some of these TMCNs have been active for more than two decades, there has been no systematic investigation of the networks’ impact on local climate governance. In this article we attempt to answer if and how local climate governance has been influenced by municipalities’ memberships in TMCNs. Our assessment is based on an online surv...

The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: findings from a large national survey

OpenAIRE

Andreassen, CS; Pallesen, S; Griffiths, MD

2017-01-01

Social media has become an increasingly popular leisure activity over the last decade. Although most people’s social media use is non-problematic, a small number of users appear to engage in social media excessively and/or compulsively. The main objective of this study was to examine the associations between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self esteem. A cross-sectional convenient sample of 23,532 Norwegians (Mage=35.8 years; range=16-88 years) completed an open web-based surve...

The effect of temperature and relative humidity on survival of unfed hyalomma impeltatum (acarina: ixodidae)

OpenAIRE

Hagras, Ahmed E. E. [احمد الوزير هجرس; Babiker, A. A.; Khalil, G. M.

1991-01-01

This work investigates survival of unfed Hyalomma impeltatum in which 8089 larvae, 3946 nymphs, 2058 males and 2304 females held at different combinations of temperature (21, 25, 29 and 34°C) and relative humidity (RH) (32, 52, 75 and 97%) levels. Survival was significantly improved with rise in RH and fall in temperature in all stages. The magnitude of the effect of RH and temperature on survival varied significantly between stages. Changes in RH and temperature had a stronger impact on surv...

Pepsi and Coca Cola in Delhi, India: availability, price and sales.

OpenAIRE

Taylor, FC; Satija, A; Khurana, S; Singh, G; Ebrahim, S

2010-01-01

: India is experiencing increased consumption of sugar-sweetened carbonated drinks, consumption that may be associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity. The aim of the study was to determine the availability, price and quantity sold of 'Pepsi' and 'Coca Cola' in their 'regular' and 'diet' forms in Delhi and London. : A questionnaire about the availability, price and quantity sold per day of both regular and diet Pepsi and Coca Cola was devised and piloted. Using this, a surv...

Data Mining: Comparing the Empiric CFS to the Canadian ME/CFS Case Definition

OpenAIRE

Jason, Leonard A.; Skendrovic, Beth; Furst, Jacob; Brown, Abigail; Weng, Angela; Bronikowski, Christine

2011-01-01

This article contrasts two case definitions for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). We compared the empiric CFS case definition (Reeves et al., 2005) and the Canadian ME/CFS Clinical case definition (Carruthers et al., 2003) with a sample of individuals with CFS versus those without. Data mining with decision trees was used to identify the best items to identify patients with CFS. Data mining is a statistical technique that was used to help determine which of the surv...

A Unified Framework for Simulating Markovian Models of Highly Dependable Systems

Science.gov (United States)

1989-07-01

ependability I’valuiation of Complex lault- lolerant Computing Systems. Ptreedings of the 1-.et-enth Sv~npmiun on Falult- lolerant Comnputing. Portland, Maine...New York. [12] (icis;t, R.M. and ’I’rivedi, K.S. (1983). I!Itra-Il gh Reliability Prediction for Fault-’ lolerant Computer Systems. IEE.-E Trw.%,.cions... 1998 ). Surv’ey of Software Tools for [valuating Reli- ability. A vailability, and Serviceabilitv. ACA1 Computing S urveyjs 20. 4, 227-269). [32] Meyer

Water and erosion damage to coastal structures: South Carolina Coast, Hurricane Hugo, 1989

OpenAIRE

Wang, Hsiang

1990-01-01

Hurricane Hugo hit U.S. Mainland on September 21, 1989 just north of Charleston, South Carolina. It was billed as the most costly hurricane on record. The loss on the mainland alone exceeded 7 billion dollars, more than 15,000 homes were destroyed and the loss of lives exceeded forty. This article documents one aspect of the multi-destructions caused by the hurricane - the water and erosion damage on water front or near water front properties. A general damage surve...

Survivability Assessment: Modeling A Recovery Process

OpenAIRE

Paputungan, Irving Vitra; Abdullah, Azween

2009-01-01

Survivability is the ability of a system to continue operating, in a timely manner, in the presence ofattacks, failures, or accidents. Recovery in survivability is a process of a system to heal or recover from damageas early as possible to fulfill its mission as condition permit. In this paper, we show a preliminary recoverymodel to enhance the system survivability. The model focuses on how we preserve the system and resumes itscritical service under attacks as soon as possible.Keywords: surv...

Factors which contributed for low quality sputum smears for the detection of acid fast bacilli (AFB) at selected health centers in Ethiopia: A quality control perspective.

Science.gov (United States)

Mekonen, Ayehu; Ayele, Yeshi; Berhan, Yifru; Woldeyohannes, Desalegn; Erku, Woldaregay; Sisay, Solomon

2018-01-01

Quality of tuberculosis (TB) microscopy diagnosis is not a guarantee despite implementation of External Quality Assurance (EQA) service in all laboratories of health facilities. Hence, we aimed at evaluating the technical quality and the findings of sputum smear microscopy for acid fast bacilli (AFB) at health centers in Hararge Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was carried out between July 8, 2014 and July 7, 2015.A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) method was put into practice for collecting all necessary sample slides. Data were analyzed by using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20 software. P-value quality, smear size, smear thickness, staining and evenness were indicated in 40 (72.7%), 39 (70.9%), 37 (67.3%), 27(49.1%) and 37 (67.3%) of the collected samples, respectively. False negative AFB findings were significantly associated with lack of Internal Quality Control (IQC) measures (AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio): 2.90 (95% CI (Confidence Interval): 1.25,6.75) and poor staining procedures (AOR: 2.16(95% CI: 1.01, 5.11). The qualities of AFB smear microscopy reading and smearing were low in most of the laboratories of the health centers. Therefore, it is essential to strength EQA program through building the capacity of laboratory professionals.

Moskva institutsionaalsed ja nomenklatuursed kontrollimehhanismid Eesti NSVs sõjajärgsetel aastatel / Tõnu Tannberg

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Tannberg, Tõnu, 1961-

2007-01-01

Ideoloogilise surve nõrgendamisest sõja ajal. "Balti küsimuse" arutamisest Kremlis 1944. aasta oktoobris ja novembris. ÜK(b)P KK Eesti büroost, EKP 2. sekretäri institutsioonist ja nomenklatuuri rakendamisest kontrollfunktsiooni täitmiseks. Nomenklatuurisüsteemi sihiks oli haarata oma "võrgustikku" kõik eluvaldkonnad. Repressioonide kõrval oli sõjajärgsetel aastatel oluline kaadripoliitika võte töötajate pidev ümberpaigutamine. Nomenklatuursete ametikohtade hulgast ja jaotusest. Muutustest nomenklatuuris käsitletava perioodi jooksul

Elements of the universe in Philo’s De Vita Mosis: Cosmological theology or theological cosmology?

OpenAIRE

Gert J. Steyn

2013-01-01

It is the intention of this article to investigate how Philo’s understanding of the universe, and particularly its four basic elements as taught by the Greek philosophers, influenced his description of the God of Israel’s world in which the Moses narrative unfolds. Given the fact that Philo was a theologian par excellence, the question can be asked whether Philo’s approach is closer to what one might call ‘theological cosmology’ or rather closer to ‘cosmological theology’? After a brief surve...

Impact of sex work on risk behaviours and their association with HIV positivity among people who inject drugs in Eastern Central Canada: cross-sectional results from an open cohort study.

Science.gov (United States)

Campeau, Laurence; Blouin, Karine; Leclerc, Pascale; Alary, Michel; Morissette, Carole; Blanchette, Caty; Serhir, Bouchra; Roy, Elise

2018-01-31

The objectives of this study were: (1) to examine the correlates of HIV positivity among participants who injected drugs and engaged in sex work (PWID-SWs) in the SurvUDI network between 2004 and 2016, after stratification by sex, and (2) to compare these correlates with those of sexually active participants who did not engage in sex work (PWID non-SWs). This biobehavioural survey is an open cohort of services where participants who had injected in the past 6 months were recruited mainly through harm reduction programmes in Eastern Central Canada. Data from 5476 participants (9223 visits in total; 785 not included in multivariate analyses due to missing values) were included. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire and provided saliva samples for anti-HIV antibody testing. Generalised estimating equations taking into account multiple participations were used. Baseline HIV prevalence was higher among SWs compared with non-SWs (women: 13.0% vs 7.7%; Psex work for HIV infection varies according to gender, as suggested by a large proportion of injection risk behaviours associated with HIV among women and, conversely, a stronger association between sexual behaviours and HIV positivity observed among men. These results suggest that sex work has an impact on the risk of HIV acquisition and that risk behaviours vary according to gender. Public health practitioners should take those specificities into account when designing HIV prevention interventions aimed at PWIDs. © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

[The experience of implementation of system of quality management in the Department of Laboratory Diagnostic of the N.V. Sklifosofskiy Research Institute of Emergency Care of Moscow Health Department: a lecture].

Science.gov (United States)

Zenina, L P; Godkov, M A

2013-08-01

The article presents the experience of implementation of system of quality management into the practice of multi-field laboratory of emergency medical care hospital. The analysis of laboratory errors is applied and the modes of their prevention are demonstrated. The ratings of department of laboratory diagnostic of the N. V. Sklifosofskiy research institute of emergency care in the program EQAS (USA) Monthly Clinical Chemistry from 2007 are presented. The implementation of the system of quality management of laboratory analysis into department of laboratory diagnostic made it possible to support physicians of clinical departments with reliable information. The confidence of clinicians to received results increased. The effectiveness of laboratory diagnostic increased due to lowering costs of analysis without negative impact to quality of curative process.

Physical-chemical quality of fish used for making sushi and sashimi tuna and salmon marketed in Rio de Janeiro, BrazilQualidade físico-química do pescado utilizado na elaboração de sushis e sashimis de atum e salmão comercializados no município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Bruna Leal Rodrigues

2012-10-01

Full Text Available This study aimed to determine the physical-chemical quality of fish used in a random sampling of 54 samples of sushi and sashimi tuna and salmon obtained in restaurants with the support of Sanitary Surveillance of the city of Rio de Janeiro from July to August 2011. The temperature were measured at the time of sampling. We carried out physical and chemical tests to determine pH, ammonia, H2S, total volatile bases (TVB, trimethylamine (TMA and histamine. All samples were exposed to inadequate temperature. Only one of the samples was found above the recommended pH value by law. Five were positive for ammonia and two positive results for H2S. The average results of TVB ranged between 9.43 and 12.37 mg N-BVT/100g and the amount of TMA ranged between 0.57 and 0.96 mg N-TMA/100g, being within the recommended standard. The histamine was found in five samples, ranging between 1 and 10 mg/100g. Considering the samples studied, seven (12,96% showed some abnormalities on the evaluated parameters. In conclusion, the consumption of sushi and sashimi can cause risk to consumer health. Therefore, we suggest that a continuous attention from the authorities should be held on this type of food due to their high perishability and risk to public health. O presente estudo objetivou determinar a qualidade físico-química do pescado utilizado em uma amostragem aleatória de 54 sushis e sashimis de atum e salmão obtidos em restaurantes com apoio da Vigilância Sanitária da cidade do Rio de Janeiro no período de julho a agosto de 2011. A temperatura foi mensurada no momento da coleta. Realizou-se provas físico-químicas de determinação de pH, amônia, H2S, bases voláteis totais (BVT, trimetilamina (TMA e histamina. Todas as amostras apresentavam-se expostas em temperatura inadequada. Apenas uma das amostras apresentou pH acima do limite preconizado pela legislação. Cinco apresentaram resultados positivos para amônia e duas resultados positivos para H2S. Os

Draft no-migration variance petition. Volume 7, Appendices: SUM, SURV, VOC, WAP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1995-01-01

The Department of Energy is responsible for the disposition of transuranic (TRU) waste generated by national defense-related activities. Approximately 2,6 million cubic feet of these waste have been generated and are stored at various facilities across the country. The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), was sited and constructed to meet stringent disposal requirements. In order to permanently dispose of TRU waste, the DOE has elected to petition the US EPA for a variance from the Land Disposal Restrictions of RCRA. This document fulfills the reporting requirements for the petition. This report is volume 7 of the petition which presents details about the waste analysis plan for WIPP. VOC screening methodologies; and a summary of the site characterization studies conducted from 1983 through 1987 at WIPP

Substituição do milho por casca de soja: consumo, rendimento e características de carcaça e rendimento da buchada de caprinos - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i1.3606 Replacing corn with soybean hull: intake, carcass yield and characteristics, and yield of “buchada” of goats - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i1.3606

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Francisco Fernando Ramos de Carvalho

2008-06-01

Full Text Available Foram utilizados, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, 32 caprinos mestiços de anglo-nubiano, machos castrados, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da substituição do milho por casca de soja nos níveis de 0, 33, 66 e 100%, em dietas baseadas em palma forrageira (Nopalea cochenilifera Salm Dyck sobre o consumo e rendimento de carcaça. A elevação no nível de casca de soja aumentou linearmente (p Thirty-two Anglo-Nubian crossbred castrated male goats were utilized in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effect of replacing corn with soybean hull in diets based on cactus forage (Nopalea cochenilifera Salm Dyck at levels of 0, 33, 66 and 100%, measured for intake and carcass yield. The rise in soybean hull levels increased neutral detergent fiber intake linearly (p < 0.05 and reduced the intake of non-fiber carbohydrates. However, live slaughter weight, empty body weight, freezing losses, hot carcass weight and yield, cold carcass and “buchada” (gut were not influenced. Fasting losses presented quadratic behavior (p < 0.05 while true and freezing yields increased linearly (p < 0.05. The carcass compactness index, the cuts and their respective yields were not influenced by the replacement of corn with soybean hull level, except for the shoulder cut, which presented quadratic behavior (p < 0.05. Total replacement of corn reduced feeding costs by 15.4%. Soybean hull can represent an alternative in the feeding of goats in confinement fed a cactus forage-based diet.

Quality assurance in the determination of metals in clinical chemistry and toxicology: the METOS project. Metalli Tossici.

Science.gov (United States)

Patriarca, M; Menditto, A; Morisi, G

1995-01-01

National external quality assessment schemes (EQAS) for the determination of trace elements in blood (Al, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) have been promoted in Italy since 1983. They were organized by a working group of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità and known as "METOS (Metalli Tossici, toxic metals) project". The organization of the schemes included the preparation of suitable control materials by the promoting centre and the elaboration of valuable strategies of sample distribution, treatment of data and evaluation of results, that could be applied even to a small number of participants. The procedures used and the results obtained in ten years of activity of the METOS project are reported. Within the framework of the programme some information has been obtained, confirming the validity of the procedures used for sample preparation, sample distribution and evaluation of laboratories performance.

Lugemis- ja kuulamissoovitusi lapsemeelsetele : [heliraamatud ja -plaadid lastele] / Esme Kassak

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kassak, Esme

2010-01-01

Arvustus: Jancis, Kaspar. Seiklus Salamandril, ehk, Morten Viksi uskumatud juhtumised lollide laevas. Tallinn : Menu Kirjastus, 2010 ; Kivirähk, Andrus. Kaka ja kevad [Helisalvestis] / loeb Ülle Kaljuste. Tallinn ; Varrak, 2010 ; Kivirähk, Andrus. Kaelkirjak [Helisalvestis] / loeb Harriet Toompere. Tallinn : Varrak, 2010 ; Tungal, Leelo. Hea lapse laulud [Helisalvestis]. Tallinn : Nõmmelill, 2010 ; Pajusaar, Priit. Lapsed, liblikad ja teised mutukad [Helisalvestis]. Tallinn : Varrak, 2010 ; Toman, Eduard. Gena ja teised : [Helisalvestis]. Tallinn : Greenroom Studio, 2010 ; Vilmusenaho, Marika. Tuulejutu viisid [Helisalvestis] / esitavad Meero Muusiku laululapsed. I.k. : Tempo Rubato, 2009 ; Raud, Eno. Sipsik : laste unejutud / loeb Salme Reek. Tallinn : Eesti Rahvusringhääling, 2010

Guía de buenas prácticas para la gestión de escapes en la acuicultura marina. Vol II. Mitigación

OpenAIRE

Izquierdo-Gomez, David; Fernandez-Jover, Damian; Sanchez-Jerez, Pablo; Toledo-Guedes, Kilian; Arechavala-Lopez, Pablo; Forcada, Aitor; Valle-Pérez, Carlos

2014-01-01

Desde que el cultivo a gran escala de salmón (Salmo salar) en mar abierto comenzó́ en Noruega en el último tercio del siglo pasado, los escapes siempre han supuesto uno de los mayores problemas, tanto para las empresas como para el ecosistema marino. Siendo, en todos los casos, las pérdidas por escapes uno de los principales desafíos en el proceso de producción. Desde un punto de vista medioambiental, una vez que los peces escapan de las jaulas se convierten en un elemento más del ecosistema ...

Design definition study of a lift/cruise fan technology V/STOL aircraft. Volume 1: Navy operational aircraft

Science.gov (United States)

1975-01-01

Aircraft were designed and sized to meet Navy mission requirements. Five missions were established for evaluation: anti-submarine warfare (ASW), surface attack (SA), combat search and rescue (CSAR), surveillance (SURV), and vertical on-board delivery (VOD). All missions were performed with a short takeoff and a vertical landing. The aircraft were defined using existing J97-GE gas generators or reasonable growth derivatives in conjunction with turbotip fans reflecting LF460 type technology. The multipurpose aircraft configuration established for U.S. Navy missions utilizes the turbotip driven lift/cruise fan concept for V/STOL aircraft.

Arabian Sea oceanography and fisheries of the west coast of India

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Madhupratap, M.; Nair, K.N.V.; Gopalakrishnan, T.C.; Haridas, P.; Nair, K.K.C.; Venugopal, P.; Gauns, M.

of poten tial fishery resources from the E x- clusive Economic Zone of India (EEZ) are about 3.5 to 4.7 mt (million tonnes) 1 ? 4 . The recent estimates on a n- nual marine landings from the I n dian coast show that they fluctuate between 2.2 and 2...., John, S. and Somavanshi, V. S., Bull. Fish. Surv. India , 1990, 20 , 1 ? 37. 2. Bhargava, R. M. S., in India's Exclusive Economic Zone ( eds Qasim, S. Z. and Roonal, G. S.), Omega Scientific, New Delhi, 1996, pp. 122 ? 131. 3. Goswami, S...

Scenario-based strategy choice recommendations for social media development in Kazakhstan.

OpenAIRE

Chakraborty, Daria

2012-01-01

The world around us is changing faster than ever before. This fact might be hard to acknowledge for companies as it means a lot of uncertainty in the upcoming future, but something that is called “an ostrich politics” in Russia is not an alternative, it does not make sense hiding one’s head in the sand at the sight of something scary approaching. Natural and business environments are often compared, natural selection is the key to survival in both, and it is not always the strongest who surv...

社会情報解析再考－「概念・価値・論理」三題噺－

OpenAIRE

長田, 博泰

2017-01-01

　In this article we give a method for analyzing value and value judgment. For this purpose, we adopt three ways of looking at concept: as a synthetic entity, an analytic entity and a singular entity. Three types of value are defined by three types of concept, respectively. We introduce types of value judgment as a combination of three types of value of object with three types of types from a point of view. We present one example of application of this method in the field of questionnaire surv...

CIA võttis endale süü Bushi sõjavales / Janek Salme

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Salme, Janek

2003-01-01

USA Luure Keskagentuuri direktor George Tenet tunnistas enda ja oma organisatsiooni viga eksliku informatsiooni edastamisel presidendile. President George Bush teavitas avalikkust oma jätkuvast usaldusest CIA juhi vastu. Vt. samas: CIA takistas juba oktoobris tuumatehingu mainimist

National Survey on Internal Quality Control Practice for Lipid Parameters in Laboratories of China from 2014 to 2016.

Science.gov (United States)

Ye, Yuanyuan; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Haijian; He, Falin; Zhong, Kun; Yuan, Shuai; Wang, Zhiguo

2017-09-01

To investigate the situation of Internal Quality Control (IQC) practice for total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol from 2014 to 2016 in laboratories in China and provide improvement measurements. A web-based External Quality Assessment (EQA) system was used to collect IQC data of lipid parameters in laboratories which continuously participated in the national EQA programs in China from 2014 to 2016. Pass rate of the coefficients of variation (CVs) of two level quality controls in four lipid parameters were calculated according to six quality specifications for precision to evaluate the current status of precision level of the four lipid parameters and their change over time in China. 533, 512, 504, and 466 laboratories continuously reported the data of level one for total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, and 212, 210, 208 and 198 laboratories reported the level two, respectively. The percentage of laboratories meeting the quality specification varied based on different criteria. Non-significant change can be found in the pass rate of CVs over time. The number of laboratories using a closed system increased over time, but still only accounted for a small proportion. There is no significant difference in the pass rate of CVs between closed and open systems. Triglycerides currently have a fairly good performance in China. While the performance of laboratories on total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol has yet to be improved.

A multicenter evaluation of the Biotest legionella urinary antigen EIA

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Harrison, Timothy; Uldum, Søren; Alexiou-Daniel, Stella

1998-01-01

OBJECTIVES: To undertake a multicenter study to evaluate the Biotest legionella urinary antigen enzyme immunoassay (EIA) performance against those EIAs already in use in 14 European laboratories. METHODS: Each laboratory examined urine specimens from appropriate patients using both their current...... assay and the Biotest EIA. Each examined: a standard panel of 12 coded urine samples (distributed by Biotest); a panel of 10 coded urine samples provided as part of a European external quality assurance (EQA) scheme; urine samples from patients with proven legionnaires' disease (LD); urine samples from...... patients with pneumonia of microbiologically proven cause other than LD; and urine samples submitted for routine examination. Thus, the performance of the Biotest assay (in comparison with current EIAs), its specificity and utility, and the inter-laboratory agreement were assessed. RESULTS: Inter...

In vitro germination and disinfestation of sweet cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera (L. Salm Dyck = Desinfestação e germinação de sementes de palma doce (Nopalea cochenillifera (L. Salm Dyck in vitro

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Juliana Pereira de Castro

2011-07-01

Full Text Available This work aimed to promote in vitro seed germination and disinfestation of the sweet cactus. Seeds were submerged in alcohol at 70% for 1 min. and then treated with sodium hypochlorite solution at different concentrations: 0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5%. After thistreatment, the seeds were washed four times in distillated, deionized and autoclaved water. Seeds were inoculated in MS medium with different concentrations of sucrose (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g L-1. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorialexperiment 4 x 5, with five replicates for treatments. Contamination, germination and seedling growth were evaluated. The results of the analysis of variance indicate that there were no significant interactions among factors. There was no significance for sucroseconcentrations on contamination but these treatments showed significant differences for seed germination and seedling growth (p . 0.01. At higher sucrose concentrations there was lower germination and smaller seedlings. There were significant differences betweenthe treatments with sodium hypochlorite for all traits analysed (p . 0.01. There was low contamination with the increase in sodium hypochlorite concentrations with higher germination percentage and taller seedlings.Este trabalho objetivou desinfestar e promover a germinacao de sementes de palma doce gin vitroh. As sementes foram mergulhadas em alcool a 70% por 1 min. e, posteriormente, imersas em solucao de hipoclorito de sodio nas concentracoes de 0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5% com tres gotas de Tween 20 por 10 min. e lavadas em quatro aguas bidestiladas estereis. As sementes foram cultivadas em meio MS suplementado com 0,0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0% de sacarose. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 5 (quatro concentracoes de hipoclorito de sodio e cincoconcentracoes de sacarose, com cinco repeticoes. Avaliou-se a contaminacao, germinacao e crescimento da plantula. Nao houve

Naval Air Systems Command-Naval Research Laboratory Workshop on Basic Research Needs for Synthetic Hydrocarbon Jet Aircraft Fuels Held at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC on June 15 and 16, 1978

Science.gov (United States)

1978-01-01

HXN HNN PXtX XTHDCPD Rrgw 1. Strwuture of compouns ..,Aed in the present paper: hexacyclic exo,exo.dihydrodlnorbornadlene (HXX), hexacyclic en,dow,’d...10 NN .. XTHDCPD 10 $Jlwo1 Artwkja plos of ~ Wxmft vsof1~ HIM wt4 dXThOCPD Sol hewe eulca*d Wkm leat.e VOft eqaUow I s 1n Fig. 3 are shown viscosity...simple relations such as EXini (additive viscosities), /EXi/rli (additive 212 HNN - XTHDCPD 10 -40*C 010 500 0001 000.2 0.4 0.5 0e.8 XXTHDCPD Fiq

Ranking Tool Created for Medicinal Plants at Risk of Being Overharvested in the Wild

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lisa Marie Castle

2014-05-01

Full Text Available We developed an adaptable, transparent tool that can be used to quantify and compare vulnerability to overharvest for wild collected medicinal plants. Subsequently, we are creating a list of the most threatened medicinal plants in temperate North America. The new tool scores species according to their life history, the effects of harvest, their abundance and range, habitat, and demand. The resulting rankings, based on explicit criteria rather than expert opinion, will make it easier to discuss areas of vulnerability and set conservation priorities. Here we present scores for 40 species assessed using the At-Risk Tool and discuss the traits that led to different scores for six example species: echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia DC. Asteraceae, peyote (Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck J.M. Coult. Cactaceae, sandalwood (Santalum spp. L. Santalaceae, stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L. Urticaceae, American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L. Araliaceae and mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum L. Berberidaceae.

Continued administration of ciliary neurotrophic factor protects mice from inflammatory pathology in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kuhlmann, Tanja; Remington, Leah; Cognet, Isabelle

2006-01-01

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that leads to loss of myelin and oligodendrocytes and damage to axons. We show that daily administration (days 8 to 24) of murine ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), a neurotrophic factor that has been described as a surv......Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that leads to loss of myelin and oligodendrocytes and damage to axons. We show that daily administration (days 8 to 24) of murine ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), a neurotrophic factor that has been described...... it was withdrawn. After cessation of CNTF treatment, inflammation and symptoms returned to control levels. However, slight but significantly higher numbers of oligodendrocytes, NG2-positive cells, axons, and neurons were observed in mice that had been treated with high concentrations of CNTF. Our results show...

Rilievi in sella a un quad

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fulvio Bernardini

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Renewable energy—including biomass, geo- thermal, hydroelectric,wind and solar—is big business in Italy. Solar farms able toproduce 1 MW or more of nominal power are considered “large.”Before installing such a PV plant, an acc urate topographical surveyof the ground is required. Giuseppe Greco is known in Italyas an expert in surv eying areas that are extensive and difficult toacc ess. This is because he works with the help of a quad all-terr ainvehicle (AT V, a Segway personal transporter and a personal electricrobotic cart for moving his equipment.

Kuhu nüüd, Euroopa? / Timothy Garton Ash ; tõlkinud Janek Salme

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Garton Ash, Timothy, 1955-

2009-01-01

Autori arvates pole praegune Euroopa suuremeelne Euroopa, millest unistasid 1989. a. visionäärid, ning on küsimus, kas suudame tagasi saada osa tolleaegsest strateegilisest julgusest ja ajalooliselt kujutlusvõimest

Treatment of Wastewater From Car Washes Using Natural Coagulation and Filtration System

Science.gov (United States)

Al-Gheethi, A. A.; Mohamed, R. M. S. R.; Rahman, M. A. A.; Johari, M. R.; Kassim, A. H. M.

2016-07-01

Wastewater generated from carwash is one of the main wastewater resources, which contribute effectively in the increasing of environmental contamination due to the chemical characteristics of the car wastes. The present work aimed to develop an integrated treatment system for carwash wastewater based on coagulation and flocculation using Moringa oleifera and Ferrous Sulphate (FeSO4.7H2O) as well as natural filtration system. The carwash wastewater samples were collected from carwash station located at Parit Raja, Johor, Malaysia. The treatment system of car wash wastewater was designed in the lab scale in four stages included, aeration, coagulation and flocculation, sedimentation and filtration. The coagulation and flocculation unit was carried out using different dosage (35, 70, 105 and 140 mg L-1) of M. oleifera and FeSO4.7H2O, respectively. The efficiency of the integrated treatment system to treat carwash wastewater and to meet Environmental Quality Act (EQA 1974) was evaluated based on the analysis of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity (NTU). The integrated treatment system was efficient for treatment of raw carwash wastewater. The treated carwash wastewaters meet EQA 1974 regulation 2009 (Standards A) in the term of pH and DO while, turbidity and COD reduced in the wastewater to meet Standards B. The integrated treatment system designed here with natural coagulant (M. oleifera) and filtration unit were effective for primary treatment of carwash wastewater before the final disposal or to be reused again for carwash process.

Prevalence, seasonal occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in poultry retail products in Greece.

Science.gov (United States)

Zdragas, A; Mazaraki, K; Vafeas, G; Giantzi, V; Papadopoulos, T; Ekateriniadou, L

2012-10-01

To detect the prevalence, the seasonal occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serotypes in poultry products and to determine the resistance profile of Salmonella isolates. A total of 96 skin-on chicken carcasses and 30 liver samples were analysed between May 2007 and May 2009 from twenty-two different commercial farm brands found in retail market countrywide. Salmonella was isolated from 38 (39·5%) of 96 chicken carcasses and from 10 (33·3%) of 30 liver samples. Higher isolation rate (60·4%) was observed in carcasses detected during summer (May to October), and lower isolation rate (18·7%) was observed in carcasses detected during winter (November to April); in liver samples, the positive rates were 53·4 and 13·2%, respectively. Twelve serotypes were detected with the serotypes Hadar, Enteritidis and Blockley being the most prevalent at 29·2, 22·9 and 12·5%, respectively. Nine of 11 Salm. Enteritidis isolates occurred during summer. Of 48 isolates, 38 (79%) were resistant to one or more of the antimicrobial agents used. The highest resistance rates were found to the following antimicrobials: streptomycin (64·5%), tetracycline (56·2%), nalidixic acid (39·5%), ampicillin and rifampicin (33·3%). The relatively high Salmonella spp. contamination rates of raw chicken meat and liver have been detected. Salm. Enteritidis isolates peaked in summer, increasing the risk to human health. Antibiotic resistance of Salmonella still remains a threat as resistance plasmids may be extensively shared between animal and humans. The study enabled us to improve the data on the seasonal occurrence of Salmonella and to determine the antimicrobial pattern profile and trends in Salmonella strains isolated from poultry retail products in Greece. © 2012 The Authors. Letters in Applied Microbiology © 2012 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

The occurrence of Salmonella spp. in duck eggs on sale at retail or from catering in England.

Science.gov (United States)

Owen, M; Jorgensen, F; Willis, C; McLauchlin, J; Elviss, N; Aird, H; Fox, A; Kaye, M; Lane, C; de Pinna, E

2016-11-01

Since 2010, human salmonellosis outbreaks in the UK have been detected as associated with the consumption of duck eggs. Little data are available on the rate of occurrence of Salmonella in duck eggs. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in duck eggs on sale and from catering in England during 2011, particularly those from small-scale production. All samples were collected independently of human salmonellosis outbreak investigations. Composite samples of 6-10 eggs (shells and contents were examined separately) were examined for the presence of Salmonella spp. using the ISO 6579:2002 method. Salmonella spp. was recovered from two of 145 samples (1·4%). In one sample, Salmonella Typhimurium DT 8 was isolated from the shells while Salm. Typhimurium DT 8 and Salm. Typhimurium DT30 were isolated from the contents. Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 was isolated from the egg shells only in the second contaminated sample. This study provides baseline data for risk assessors, regulators and the food industry and may be helpful in communicating risks associated with the consumption of this product as well as evaluating risk management options to control food safety including vaccination of ducks. Human salmonellosis outbreaks in England and Northern Ireland due to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium definitive phage type (DT) 8 have been identified as associated with the consumption of duck eggs since 2010. This study has shown that Salmonella spp. was detected in 1·4% of ducks egg samples providing baseline data for risk assessors, regulators and the food industry. This may be helpful in communicating risks associated with the consumption of this product as well as evaluating risk management options to control food safety including vaccination of ducks. © 2016 Crown copyright. Letters in Applied Microbiology © 2016 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Quality Measures in Pre-Analytical Phase of Tissue Processing: Understanding Its Value in Histopathology.

Science.gov (United States)

Rao, Shalinee; Masilamani, Suresh; Sundaram, Sandhya; Duvuru, Prathiba; Swaminathan, Rajendiran

2016-01-01

Quality monitoring in histopathology unit is categorized into three phases, pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical, to cover various steps in the entire test cycle. Review of literature on quality evaluation studies pertaining to histopathology revealed that earlier reports were mainly focused on analytical aspects with limited studies on assessment of pre-analytical phase. Pre-analytical phase encompasses several processing steps and handling of specimen/sample by multiple individuals, thus allowing enough scope for errors. Due to its critical nature and limited studies in the past to assess quality in pre-analytical phase, it deserves more attention. This study was undertaken to analyse and assess the quality parameters in pre-analytical phase in a histopathology laboratory. This was a retrospective study done on pre-analytical parameters in histopathology laboratory of a tertiary care centre on 18,626 tissue specimens received in 34 months. Registers and records were checked for efficiency and errors for pre-analytical quality variables: specimen identification, specimen in appropriate fixatives, lost specimens, daily internal quality control performance on staining, performance in inter-laboratory quality assessment program {External quality assurance program (EQAS)} and evaluation of internal non-conformities (NC) for other errors. The study revealed incorrect specimen labelling in 0.04%, 0.01% and 0.01% in 2007, 2008 and 2009 respectively. About 0.04%, 0.07% and 0.18% specimens were not sent in fixatives in 2007, 2008 and 2009 respectively. There was no incidence of specimen lost. A total of 113 non-conformities were identified out of which 92.9% belonged to the pre-analytical phase. The predominant NC (any deviation from normal standard which may generate an error and result in compromising with quality standards) identified was wrong labelling of slides. Performance in EQAS for pre-analytical phase was satisfactory in 6 of 9 cycles. A low incidence

Quantitative application of sigma metrics in medical biochemistry.

Science.gov (United States)

Nanda, Sunil Kumar; Ray, Lopamudra

2013-12-01

Laboratory errors are result of a poorly designed quality system in the laboratory. Six Sigma is an error reduction methodology that has been successfully applied at Motorola and General Electric. Sigma (σ) is the mathematical symbol for standard deviation (SD). Sigma methodology can be applied wherever an outcome of a process has to be measured. A poor outcome is counted as an error or defect. This is quantified as defects per million (DPM). A six sigma process is one in which 99.999666% of the products manufactured are statistically expected to be free of defects. Six sigma concentrates, on regulating a process to 6 SDs, represents 3.4 DPM (defects per million) opportunities. It can be inferred that as sigma increases, the consistency and steadiness of the test improves, thereby reducing the operating costs. We aimed to gauge performance of our laboratory parameters by sigma metrics. Evaluation of sigma metrics in interpretation of parameter performance in clinical biochemistry. The six month internal QC (October 2012 to march 2013) and EQAS (external quality assurance scheme) were extracted for the parameters-Glucose, Urea, Creatinine, Total Bilirubin, Total Protein, Albumin, Uric acid, Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Chloride, SGOT, SGPT and ALP. Coefficient of variance (CV) were calculated from internal QC for these parameters. Percentage bias for these parameters was calculated from the EQAS. Total allowable errors were followed as per Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) guidelines. Sigma metrics were calculated from CV, percentage bias and total allowable error for the above mentioned parameters. For parameters - Total bilirubin, uric acid, SGOT, SGPT and ALP, the sigma values were found to be more than 6. For parameters - glucose, Creatinine, triglycerides, urea, the sigma values were found to be between 3 to 6. For parameters - total protein, albumin, cholesterol and chloride, the sigma values were found to be less than 3. ALP was the best

El desarrollo sostenible de la acuicultura en América Latina (The sustainable development of the acuicultura in Latin America)

OpenAIRE

Jesús T. Ponce-Palafox; Oscar Romero Cruz; Sergio Castillo Vargasmachuca; Raúl González Sala; Isaias Febrero Toussaint; Pompilio Arteaga Nochebuena; Manuel Ulloa-García; Héctor Esparza, Lea

2006-01-01

América Latina y el Caribe han experimentado una rápida expansión en su producción acuícola (16.4% anual durante la década de los 90). El presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de hacer un análisis de la situación de la región y determinar sus perspectivas de acuerdo al comportamiento actual de la industria. Chile presenta el crecimiento más rápido en la región con un crecimiento anual de casi 20%. La producción acuícola se concentra en los salmónidos principalmente en Chile y en los camarones m...

STABILITY OF PLASMIDS IN 5 STRAINS OF SALMONELLA MAINTAINED IN STAB CULTURE AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Olsen, J. E.; Brown, D. J.; Baggesen, Dorte Lau

1994-01-01

Four strains of Salmonella berta and one of Salm. enteritidis were stored as stab cultures in sugar-free agar at 5 degrees, 22 degrees and 30 degrees C and in 15% glycerol at -80 degrees C. The stability of the plasmid profiles in each of the strains was monitored over a period of 2.5 years....... Plasmid profiles were stable in all strains stored at -80 degrees C, and only six of 450 colonies examined from strains kept in sugar-free agar at 5 degrees C had lost plasmid molecules. Seventy of 440 colonies from stab cultures that were kept at 22 degrees C, and 71 of 440 colonies at 30 degrees C...

Eesti teatri aastaauhinnad 2006. aasta loomingu eest

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Elmo Nüganen - lavastajaauhind, Ene-Liis Semper - kunstniku auhind, Hele Kõre - naisnäitleja auhind, Lembit Ulfsak - meesnäitleja auhind, Evelin Pang - naiskõrvalosa auhind, Margus Prangel - meeskõrvalosa auhind, Oleg Titov - draamalavastuse eriauhind, Helen Lokuta ja Lauri Sirp - muusikalavastuse auhind, Michiel Dijkema - muusikalavastuse eriauhind, Mare Tommingas - balletilavastuse auhind, ZUGA ühendatud tantsijad - tantsulavastuse auhind, Margus Mikomägi - kriitikaauhind, Tiit Sukk - Ants Lauteri näitlejaauhind, Ingomar Vihmar - Ants Lauteri lavastajaauhind, Rauno Elp - Georg Otsa auhind, Aare Toikka - Salme Reegi auhind, Reet Aus - Natalie Mei auhind, Anu Lamp - Priit Põldroosi auhind, Peeter Sauter - Aleksander Kurtna auhind, Artjom Maksakov ja Natalja Popenko - Kristallkingakese auhind, Enar Tarmo, Hendrik Kiisler ja Marika Tint - tehnilise töötaja auhind

Eesti teatri aastaauhinnad 2006

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Elmo Nüganen - lavastajaauhind, Ene-Liis Semper - kunstniku auhind, Hele Kõre - naisnäitleja auhind, Lembit Ulfsak - meesnäitleja auhind, Evelin Pang - naiskõrvalosa auhind, Margus Prangel - meeskõrvalosa auhind, Oleg Titov - draamalavastuse eriauhind, Helen Lokuta ja Lauri Sirp - muusikalavastuse auhind, Michiel Dijkema - muusikalavastuse eriauhind, Mare Tommingas - balletilavastuse auhind, ZUGA ühendatud tantsijad - tantsulavastuse auhind, Margus Mikomägi - kriitikaauhind, Tiit Sukk - Ants Lauteri näitlejaauhind, Ingomar Vihmar - Ants Lauteri lavastajaauhind, Rauno Elp - Georg Otsa auhind, Aare Toikka - Salme Reegi auhind, Reet Aus - Natalie Mei auhind, Anu Lamp - Priit Põldroosi auhind, Peeter Sauter - Aleksander Kurtna auhind, Artjom Maksakov ja Natalja Popenko - Kristallkingakese auhind, Enar Tarmo, Hendrik Kiisler ja Marika Tint - tehnilise töötaja auhind

Kuidas edaspidi mersuga sõita / Tõnis Kõiv

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Kõiv, Tõnis, 1970-

2007-01-01

Ilmunud ka: Harjumaa, 23. okt. 2007, lk. 2; Hiiu Leht, 23. okt. 2007, lk. 2; Järva Teataja, 23. okt. 2007, lk. 2; Meie Maa, 23. okt. 2007, lk. 2; Põhjarannik, 23. okt. 2007, lk. 5; Severnoje Poberezhje, 24. okt. 2007, lk. 2; Virumaa Teataja, 25. okt. 2007, lk. 11; Vooremaa, 30. okt. 2007, lk. 2; Koit, 6. nov. 2007, lk. 6. OECD korraldatud seminaril tõdeti, et tootmine liigub aina odavama tööjõuga riikidesse ning arenenud riikides asuvad töökohad on surve all. Ühe lahendusena nähakse suuremat panustamist innovatsiooni, mille eeldus on mobiilne tööjõud

Synthesis of reduced-size gold nanostars and internalization in SH-SY5Y cells

KAUST Repository

Dacarro, Giacomo

2017-07-01

The synthesis of large pentatwinned five-branched gold nanostars (GNS) has been modified so to obtain overall dimensions shrunk to 60% and a lower branches aspect ratio, leading to a dramatic blue shift of their two near-infrared (NIR) localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) absorptions but still maintaining one LSPR in the biotransparent NIR range. The interactions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) coated large and shrunk GNS with SH-SY5Y cells revealed that the large ones (DCI - diameter of the circumference in which GNS can be inscribed = 76 nm) are internalized more efficiently than the shrunk ones (DCI = 46 nm), correlating with a decreased cells surving fraction.

Diurnal variability of heat fluxes over the coastal waters off Visakhapatnam during post-monsoon and winter seasons

Digital Repository Service at National Institute of Oceanography (India)

Ramu, Ch V.; Bharathi, G.; Sadhuram, Y.; Prasad, K.V.S.R.

by De Cosmo et al.9 are used in this computation. τ = ρa CD U2 (3) QSH = ρa Cp CH (Ts-Ta) U (4) QLH = ρa L CE (es-ea) U (5) where ρa is the density of air (kg/m3), Cp is the specific heat of air at constant pressure, CH is the Stanton number..., Energy budget studies, water-loss Investigations: Lake Hefner studies, U.S. Geol. Surv. CIRC., 229, (1952) 71-88. 9 DeCosmo J, Katsaros K B, Smith S D, Anderson R J, Oost W A, Bumke K & Chadwick H M, Air-sea exchange of water vapor and sensible heat...

ANÁLISE DA RELAÇÃO CUSTO/VOLUME/LUCRO COMO INSTRUMENTO GERENCIAL: UM ESTUDO DE SUA UTILIZAÇÃO NOS LATICÍNIOS DA REGIÃO OESTE CATARINENSE

OpenAIRE

Rodniski, Cleber Marcos; Lamera, Daniela; Ecco, Katia

2015-01-01

O objetivo com esta pesquisa foi verificar a efetiva utilização das práticas de análise Custo/Volume/Lucro (CVL) na tomada de decisões dos laticínios da região Oeste do Estado de Santa Catarina. As práticas de CVL investigadas foram a margem de contribuição, a margem de contribuição com fator de restrição, o ponto de equilíbrio, a margem de segurança e a alavancagem operacional. Para isso, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa descritiva, de caráter qualitativo, com metodologia de levantamento ou surve...

Improving Accuracy of Influenza-Associated Hospitalization Rate Estimates

Science.gov (United States)

Reed, Carrie; Kirley, Pam Daily; Aragon, Deborah; Meek, James; Farley, Monica M.; Ryan, Patricia; Collins, Jim; Lynfield, Ruth; Baumbach, Joan; Zansky, Shelley; Bennett, Nancy M.; Fowler, Brian; Thomas, Ann; Lindegren, Mary L.; Atkinson, Annette; Finelli, Lyn; Chaves, Sandra S.

2015-01-01

Diagnostic test sensitivity affects rate estimates for laboratory-confirmed influenza–associated hospitalizations. We used data from FluSurv-NET, a national population-based surveillance system for laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations, to capture diagnostic test type by patient age and influenza season. We calculated observed rates by age group and adjusted rates by test sensitivity. Test sensitivity was lowest in adults >65 years of age. For all ages, reverse transcription PCR was the most sensitive test, and use increased from 65 years. After 2009, hospitalization rates adjusted by test sensitivity were ≈15% higher for children 65 years of age. Test sensitivity adjustments improve the accuracy of hospitalization rate estimates. PMID:26292017

Synthesis of reduced-size gold nanostars and internalization in SH-SY5Y cells

KAUST Repository

Dacarro, Giacomo; Pallavicini, Piersandro; Bertani, Serena Maria; Chirico, Giuseppe; D'Alfonso, Laura; Falqui, Andrea; Marchesi, Nicoletta; Pascale, Alessia; Sironi, Laura; Taglietti, Angelo; Zuddas, Efisio

2017-01-01

The synthesis of large pentatwinned five-branched gold nanostars (GNS) has been modified so to obtain overall dimensions shrunk to 60% and a lower branches aspect ratio, leading to a dramatic blue shift of their two near-infrared (NIR) localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) absorptions but still maintaining one LSPR in the biotransparent NIR range. The interactions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) coated large and shrunk GNS with SH-SY5Y cells revealed that the large ones (DCI - diameter of the circumference in which GNS can be inscribed = 76 nm) are internalized more efficiently than the shrunk ones (DCI = 46 nm), correlating with a decreased cells surving fraction.

Difilobotriasis humana en la Patagonia, Argentina Human diphyllobothriasis in Patagonia, Argentina

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Liliana Semenas

1997-06-01

Full Text Available OBJETIVO: El objetivo del trabajo fué detectar hospedadores humanos en la zona andino patagónica argentina, teniendo en cuenta las prácticas de pesca desportiva y la importancia de los salmónidos dentro de la zona. MATERIAL Y METODO: Entre 1986 y 1995 se implementaron Campañas de Información en los laboratorios de Análisis Clínicos de la región andinopatagónica argentina, destinadas a lograr una detección más eficiente de la difilobotriasis, a través de análisis coproparasitológicos. RESULTADOS: Adicionalmente, se confeccionaron planillas destinadas a recoger información sobre las características de la infección, del tratamiento y del paciente. Durante este período se detectaron 13 nuevos casos humanos, por identificación directa del parásito o por la presencia de huevos en materia fecal. Las características de las infecciones responden a las descriptas para el género Diphyllobothrium. CONCLUSIONES: En la región, los salmónidos son los peces predilectos en la pesca deportiva. Estos peces, frecuentemente parasitados con larvas, constituyen la principal fuente de contagio para el hombre al ser consumidos insuficientemente cocidos o ahumados en frío.OBJECTIVE: In view of the amateur fishing practices and the importance of salmonids in the region the study sets out to detect human hosts in the Andean-Patagonian zone. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Information campaigns were carried out by Clinical Analysis Laboratories of Andean Patagonia between 1986 and 1995 to detect diphyllobothriasis more efficiently by means of coproparasitological analysis. RESULTS: Further, forms were prepared for the collection of information about infection, treatment and the characteristics of the human host. During this period 13 new cases were registered either through direct identification of the parasite or through the presence of eggs in the faeces. The characteristics of infection are similar to those described for the genus Diphyllobothrium

Equipment qualification research program: program plan

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dong, R.G.; Smith, P.D.

1982-01-01

The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) under the sponsorship of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has developed this program plan for research in equipment qualification (EQA). In this report the research program which will be executed in accordance with this plan will be referred to as the Equipment Qualification Research Program (EQRP). Covered are electrical and mechanical equipment under the conditions described in the OBJECTIVE section of this report. The EQRP has two phases; Phase I is primarily to produce early results and to develop information for Phase II. Phase I will last 18 months and consists of six projects. The first project is program management. The second project is responsible for in-depth evaluation and review of EQ issues and EQ processes. The third project is responsible for detailed planning to initiate Phase II. The remaining three projects address specific equipment; i.e., valves, electrical equipment, and a pump

A Study on Foodborne Bacterial Cross-contamination During Fresh Chicken Preparation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Shamma Ebrahim AlZaabi

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Background: Cross-contamination of foodborne pathogens from undercooked poultry meat to ready-to-eat food has been shown to be responsible for a number of foodborne disease outbreaks. Various studies have indicated that bacterial cross-contamination occurs during food preparation where bacteria present on food contact other surfaces and cause illness. Objectives: This study evaluated the ability of bacteria to survive and cross-contaminate other foods during the preparation of fresh chicken. Salmonella spp. cross-contamination from chicken to cucumber and utensils under various food handling scenarios was determined. Methods: Two scenarios were tested: in scenario 1, cutting board and knife used for cutting chicken without washing step were sampled. In scenario 2, cutting board and knife was washed with tap water separately after cutting chicken, and subsequently used for cutting cucumber. In scenario 1, chicken, cutting board, knife, and hands were sampled, and in scenario 2, cucumber was tested. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH method, using published Salmonella specific gene probes was used for Salmonella detection in samples taken from cross-contamination scenarios. A culture-based detection by Hektoen enteric agar was used for the confirmation of Salmonella species. Results: All the samples analyzed were found to be positive for Salmonella spp. with different contamination levels. These results were further confirmed by culture based method. In scenario 1, Salmonella spp. was detected by Sal-1 and Salm-63 oligonucleotide probes in all four samples (chicken, cutting board, knife and hands. A high contamination level was observed in chicken samples in comparison to samples collected from cutting board, knife and hands. In scenario 2, Salmonella spp. was detected by Sal-1 and Salm-63 oligonucleotide probes in the cucumber with very low contamination level. Salmonella Enterica was also detected by Sal-3 and Sapath-3 in both scenarios but

National surveys on internal quality control for blood gas analysis and related electrolytes in clinical laboratories of China.

Science.gov (United States)

Duan, Min; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Haijian; Zhang, Chuanbao; He, Falin; Zhong, Kun; Yuan, Shuai; Wang, Zhiguo

2018-05-01

Internal quality control (IQC) is essential for precision evaluation and continuous quality improvement. This study aims to investigate the IQC status of blood gas analysis (BGA) in clinical laboratories of China from 2014 to 2017. IQC information on BGA (including pH, pCO2, pO2, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl-) was submitted by external quality assessment (EQA) participant laboratories and collected through Clinet-EQA reporting system in March from 2014 to 2017. First, current CVs were compared among different years and measurement systems. Then, percentages of laboratories meeting five allowable imprecision specifications for each analyte were calculated, respectively. Finally, laboratories were divided into different groups based on control rules and frequency to compare their variation trend. The current CVs of BGA were significantly decreasing from 2014 to 2017. pH and pCO2 got the highest pass rates when compared with the minimum imprecision specification, whereas pO2, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl- got the highest pass rates when 1/3 TEa imprecision specification applied. The pass rates of pH, pO2, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl- were significantly increasing during the 4 years. The comparisons of current CVs among different measurement systems showed that the precision performance of different analytes among different measurement systems had no regular distribution from 2014 to 2017. The analysis of IQC practice indicated great progress and improvement among different years. The imprecision performance of BGA has improved from 2014 to 2017, but the status of imprecision performance in China remains unsatisfying. Therefore, further investigation and continuous improvement measures should be taken.

Quantitative characterization of nonstructural carbohydrates of mezcal Agave (Agave salmiana Otto ex Salm-Dick).

Science.gov (United States)

Michel-Cuello, Christian; Juárez-Flores, Bertha Irene; Aguirre-Rivera, Juan Rogelio; Pinos-Rodríguez, Juan Manuel

2008-07-23

Fructans are the reserve carbohydrates in Agave spp. plants. In mezcal factories, fructans undergoes thermal hydrolysis to release fructose and glucose, which are the basis to produce this spirit. Carbohydrate content determines the yield of the final product, which depends on plant organ, ripeness stage, and thermal hydrolysis. Thus, a qualitative and quantitative characterization of nonstructural carbohydrates was conducted in raw and hydrolyzed juices extracted from Agave salmiana stems and leaves under three ripeness stages. By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fructose, glucose, sucrose, xylose, and maltose were identified in agave juice. Only the plant fraction with hydrolysis interaction was found to be significant in the glucose concentration plant. Interactions of the fraction with hydrolysis and ripeness with hydrolysis were statistically significant in fructose concentration. Fructose concentration rose considerably with hydrolysis, but only in juice extracted from ripe agave stems (early mature and castrated). This increase was statistically significant only with acid hydrolysis.

The effect of hospital care on early survival after penetrating trauma.

Science.gov (United States)

Clark, David E; Doolittle, Peter C; Winchell, Robert J; Betensky, Rebecca A

2014-12-01

The effectiveness of emergency medical interventions can be best evaluated using time-to-event statistical methods with time-varying covariates (TVC), but this approach is complicated by uncertainty about the actual times of death. We therefore sought to evaluate the effect of hospital intervention on mortality after penetrating trauma using a method that allowed for interval censoring of the precise times of death. Data on persons with penetrating trauma due to interpersonal assault were combined from the 2008 to 2010 National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) and the 2004 to 2010 National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). Cox and Weibull proportional hazards models for survival time (t SURV ) were estimated, with TVC assumed to have constant effects for specified time intervals following hospital arrival. The Weibull model was repeated with t SURV interval-censored to reflect uncertainty about the precise times of death, using an imputation method to accommodate interval censoring along with TVC. All models showed that mortality was increased by older age, female sex, firearm mechanism, and injuries involving the head/neck or trunk. Uncensored models showed a paradoxical increase in mortality associated with the first hour in a hospital. The interval-censored model showed that mortality was markedly reduced after admission to a hospital, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.68 (95% CI 0.63, 0.73) during the first 30 min declining to a HR of 0.01 after 120 min. Admission to a verified level I trauma center (compared to other hospitals in the NTDB) was associated with a further reduction in mortality, with a HR of 0.93 (95% CI 0.82, 0.97). Time-to-event models with TVC and interval censoring can be used to estimate the effect of hospital care on early mortality after penetrating trauma or other acute medical conditions and could potentially be used for interhospital comparisons.

Extrapolation of extreme response for different mooring line systems of floating wave energy converters

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ambühl, Simon; Sterndorff, Martin; Sørensen, John Dalsgaard

2014-01-01

Mooring systems for floating wave energy converters (WECs) are a major cost driver. Failure of mooring systems often occurs due to extreme loads. This paper introduces an extrapolation method for extreme response which accounts for the control system of a WEC that controls the loads onto...... measurements from lab-scaled WEPTOS WEC are taken. Different catenary anchor leg mooring (CALM) systems as well as single anchor legmooring (SALM)mooring systemsare implemented for a dynamic simulation with different number of mooring lines. Extreme tension loads with a return period of 50 years are assessed...... for the hawser as well as at the different mooring lines. Furthermore, the extreme load impact given failure of one mooring line is assessed and compared with extreme loads given no system failure....

Teatri aastaauhindade laureaadid 2008

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Tiit Ojasoo - lavastajaauhind, Silver Vahtre, Krista Tool ja Margus Vaigur - kunstniku auhind, Piret Laurimaa - naisnäitleja auhind, Üllar Saaremäe - meesnäitleja auhind, Tiina Tauraite - naiskõrvalosa auhind, Taavi Teplenkov - meeskõrvalosa auhind, Mart Koldits - sõnalavastuse eriauhind, Dmitri Bertman ja Mart Madiste - muusikalavastuse auhind, Vitali Nikolajev - muusikalavastuse eriauhind, Marina Kesler - balletilavastuse auhind, Oksana Titova - tantsulavastuse auhind, Ivika Sillar - kriitikaauhind, Külli Teetamm ja Tambet Tuisk - Ants Lauteri näitlejaauhind, Heli Veskus - Georg Otsa auhind, Finn Poulsen - Salme Reegi auhind, Elo Soode - Natalie Mei auhind, Aarne Üksküla - Priit Põldroosi auhind, Maimu Berg - Aleksander Kurtna auhind, Laura Peterson - Kristallkingakese auhind, Liina Laigu, Kaido Päästel ja Juhan Rumm - teatritöötaja auhind

Eesti teatri aastaauhinnad 2007

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Tiit Ojasoo - lavastajaauhind, Silver Vahtre, Krista Tool ja Margus Vaigur - kunstniku auhind, Piret Laurimaa - naisnäitleja auhind, Üllar Saaremäe - meesnäitleja auhind, Tiina Tauraite - naiskõrvalosa auhind, Taavi Teplenkov - meeskõrvalosa auhind, Mart Koldits - sõnalavastuse eriauhind, Dmitri Bertman ja Mart Madiste - muusikalavastuse auhind, Vitali Nikolajev - muusikalavastuse eriauhind, Marina Kesler - balletilavastuse auhind, Oksana Titova - tantsulavastuse auhind, Ivika Sillar - kriitikaauhind, Külli Teetamm ja Tambet Tuisk - Ants Lauteri näitlejaauhind, Heli Veskus - Georg Otsa auhind, Finn Poulsen - Salme Reegi auhind, Elo Soode - Natalie Mei auhind, Aarne Üksküla - Priit Põldroosi auhind, Maimu Berg - Aleksander Kurtna auhind, Laura Peterson - Kristallkingakese auhind, Liina Laigu, Kaido Päästel ja Juhan Rumm - teatritöötaja auhind

Osmoregulation by trehalose synthesis in Salmonella manhattan after exposure to waste waters.

Science.gov (United States)

Dupray, E; Derrien, A; Pichon, R

1995-03-01

A 24 h period in waste waters improved the subsequent survival of Salmonella in oligotrophic sea water, at 20 degrees C, compared to a direct input control. The main osmoprotective compound accumulated, investigated by 1H-NMR spectroscopy (nuclear magnetic resonance), after 6 d in sea water was trehalose. Taking into account these observations, this paper put forward the following explanation concerning the survival mechanism: (1) stress in waste waters induces the endogenous synthesis of trehalose via the activation of the gene kat F; (2) when exposed to an osmotic stress, two degradative cytoplasmic enzymes are repressed and the bacteria accumulate trehalose which acts as an osmoprotectant. The succession of the two steps enables Salm. manhattan to immediately resist to the high salinity of oligotrophic seawater.

Teatri aastaauhindade laureaadid 2007

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Elmo Nüganen - lavastajaauhind, Ene-Liis Semper - kunstniku auhind, Hele Kõre - naisnäitleja auhind, Lembit Ulfsak - meesnäitleja auhind, Evelin Pang - naiskõrvalosa auhind, Margus Prangel - meeskõrvalosa auhind, Oleg Titov - draamalavastuse eriauhind, Helen Lokuta ja Lauri Sirp - muusikalavastuse auhind, Michiel Dijkema - muusikalavastuse eriauhind, Mare Tommingas - balletilavastuse auhind, ZUGA ühendatud tantsijad - tantsulavastuse auhind, Margus Mikomägi - kriitikaauhind, Tiit Sukk - Ants Lauteri näitlejaauhind, Ingomar Vihmar - Ants Lauteri lavastajaauhind, Rauno Elp - Georg Otsa auhind, Aare Toikka - Salme Reegi auhind, Reet Aus - Natalie Mei auhind, Anu Lamp - Priit Põldroosi auhind, Peeter Sauter - Aleksander Kurtna auhind, Artjom Maksakov ja Natalja Popenko - Kristallkingakese auhind, Enar Tarmo, Hendrik Kiisler ja Marika Tint - tehnilise töötaja auhind. Ka Kuressaares toimunud teatripeost

Teatri aastaauhindade laureaadid 2007

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2007-01-01

Nimekiri teatri aastaauhinna laureaatidest sõna-, muusika-, balleti-, tantsulavastuste, teatri tehnilise töötaja auhinna kategoorias ja aasta kriitikaauhind. Elmo Nüganen - lavastajaauhind, Ene-Liis Semper - kunstniku auhind, Hele Kõre - naisnäitleja auhind, Lembit Ulfsak - meesnäitleja auhind, Evelin Pang - naiskõrvalosa auhind, Margus Prangel - meeskõrvalosa auhind, Oleg Titov - draamalavastuse eriauhind, Helen Lokuta ja Lauri Sirp - muusikalavastuse auhind, Michiel Dijkema - muusikalavastuse eriauhind, Mare Tommingas - balletilavastuse auhind, ZUGA ühendatud tantsijad - tantsulavastuse auhind, Margus Mikomägi - kriitikaauhind, Tiit Sukk - Ants Lauteri näitlejaauhind, Ingomar Vihmar - Ants Lauteri lavastajaauhind, Rauno Elp - Georg Otsa auhind, Aare Toikka - Salme Reegi auhind, Reet Aus - Natalie Mei auhind, Anu Lamp - Priit Põldroosi auhind, Peeter Sauter - Aleksander Kurtna auhind, Artjom Maksakov ja Natalja Popenko - Kristallkingakese auhind

Regional programme on quality control of radioimmunoassay: Development of human resources and external quality assessments

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quiroga, S.; Torres, M.; Mendizabal, A.F.; Farinati, Z.; Galanternik, A.

1986-01-01

Since 1978 the authors have been concerned with helping to standardize radioimmunoassay (RIA) methodology in Argentina and other Latin American countries by: (1) developing human resources through courses on quality control of RIA and training of fellows, and (2) developing four external quality assessment (EQA) schemes to evaluate the performance of laboratories in determining several analytes by RIA. The number of collaborating laboratories increased between the first and fourth schemes. The average analytical performance achieved by the participants in each scheme was estimated by the average between-laboratory variation. Thyroxine, cortisol and tri-iodothyronine were measured the most accurately. Different problems were evident in the RIAs of thyrotrophin, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, prolactin, testosterone, progesterone, cortisol, immunoglobulin E and human growth hormone. RIA of oestradiol showed the worst accuracy. Analysis of the results showed an increasing interest in RIA quality control as it was found to improve the reliability of RIA. (author)

National continuous surveys on internal quality control for HbA1c in 306 clinical laboratories of China from 2012 to 2016: Continual improvement.

Science.gov (United States)

Li, Tingting; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Haijian; He, Falin; Zhong, Kun; Yuan, Shuai; Wang, Zhiguo

2017-09-01

This study aimed to evaluate whether the quality performance of clinical laboratories in China has been greatly improved and whether Internal Quality Control (IQC) practice of HbA1c has also been changed since National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) of China organized laboratories to report IQC data for HbA1c in 2012. Internal Quality Control information of 306 External Quality Assessment (EQA) participant laboratories which kept reporting IQC data in February from 2012 to 2016 were collected by Web-based EQA system. Then percentages of laboratories meeting four different imprecision specifications for current coefficient of variations (CVs) of HbA1c measurements were calculated. Finally, we comprehensively analyzed analytical systems and IQC practice of HbA1c measurements. The current CVs of HbA1c tests have decreased significantly from 2012 to 2016. And percentages of laboratories meeting four imprecision specifications for CVs all showed the increasing tendency year by year. As for analytical system, 52.1% (159/306) laboratories changed their systems with the change in principle of assay. And many laboratories began to use cation exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC) instead of Immunoturbidimetry, because CE-HPLC owed a lower intra-laboratory CVs. The data of IQC practice, such as IQC rules and frequency, also showed significant variability among years with overall tendency of meeting requirements. The imprecision performance of HbA1c tests has been improved in these 5 years with the change in IQC practice, but it is still disappointing in China. Therefore, laboratories should actively find existing problems and take action to promote performance of HbA1c measurements. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Feasibility of establishing a biosafety level 3 tuberculosis culture laboratory of acceptable quality standards in a resource-limited setting: an experience from Uganda.

Science.gov (United States)

Ssengooba, Willy; Gelderbloem, Sebastian J; Mboowa, Gerald; Wajja, Anne; Namaganda, Carolyn; Musoke, Philippa; Mayanja-Kizza, Harriet; Joloba, Moses Lutaakome

2015-01-15

Despite the recent innovations in tuberculosis (TB) and multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) diagnosis, culture remains vital for difficult-to-diagnose patients, baseline and end-point determination for novel vaccines and drug trials. Herein, we share our experience of establishing a BSL-3 culture facility in Uganda as well as 3-years performance indicators and post-TB vaccine trials (pioneer) and funding experience of sustaining such a facility. Between September 2008 and April 2009, the laboratory was set-up with financial support from external partners. After an initial procedure validation phase in parallel with the National TB Reference Laboratory (NTRL) and legal approvals, the laboratory registered for external quality assessment (EQA) from the NTRL, WHO, National Health Laboratories Services (NHLS), and the College of American Pathologists (CAP). The laboratory also instituted a functional quality management system (QMS). Pioneer funding ended in 2012 and the laboratory remained in self-sustainability mode. The laboratory achieved internationally acceptable standards in both structural and biosafety requirements. Of the 14 patient samples analyzed in the procedural validation phase, agreement for all tests with NTRL was 90% (P 80% in all years from NTRL, CAP, and NHLS, and culture was 100% for CAP panels and above regional average scores for all years with NHLS. Quarterly DST scores from WHO-EQA ranged from 78% to 100% in 2010, 80% to 100% in 2011, and 90 to 100% in 2012. From our experience, it is feasible to set-up a BSL-3 TB culture laboratory with acceptable quality performance standards in resource-limited countries. With the demonstrated quality of work, the laboratory attracted more research groups and post-pioneer funding, which helped to ensure sustainability. The high skilled experts in this research laboratory also continue to provide an excellent resource for the needed national discussion of the laboratory and quality management systems.

External quality assessment for KRAS testing is needed: setup of a European program and report of the first joined regional quality assessment rounds

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bellon, Ellen; Ligtenberg, Marjolijn J L; Tejpar, Sabine

2011-01-01

. In an effort to ensure optimal, uniform, and reliable community-based KRAS testing throughout Europe, a KRAS external quality assessment (EQA) scheme was set up. The first large assessment round included 59 laboratories from eight different European countries. For each country, one regional scheme organizer...... expand this program to more laboratories to provide a robust estimate of the quality of KRAS testing in Europe, and provide the basis for remedial measures and harmonization....... prepared and distributed the samples for the participants of their own country. The samples included unstained sections of 10 invasive colorectal carcinomas with known KRAS mutation status. The samples were centrally validated by one of two reference laboratories. The laboratories were allowed to use...

Evaluación genética de los salmónidos asturianos como recurso natural

OpenAIRE

Abad García, David

2012-01-01

En este proyecto se analiza la estructura genética de los stocks utilizados para la repoblación de trucha común en el Principado de Asturias, pertenecientes a dos piscifactorías diferentes, con el fin de establecer si los repobladores cumplen con la normativa vigente sobre la liberación de individuos no autóctonos al medio natural, que está actualmente prohibida. Para ello se utiliza como marcador genético el gen del enzima lactato deshidrogenasa LDH-C, que permite diferenciar las poblaciones...

Privacy Sensitive Surveillance for Assisted Living - A Smart Camera Approach

Science.gov (United States)

Fleck, Sven; Straßer, Wolfgang

An elderly woman wanders about aimlessly in a home for assisted living. Suddenly, she collapses on the floor of a lonesome hallway. Usually it can take over two hours until a night nurse passes this spot on her next inspection round. But in this case she is already on site after two minutes, ready to help. She has received an alert message on her beeper: "Inhabitant fallen in hallway 2b". The source: the SmartSurv distributed network of smart cameras for automated and privacy respecting video analysis.Welcome to the future of smart surveillance Although this scenario is not yet daily practice, it shall make clear how such systems will impact the safety of the elderly without the privacy intrusion of traditional video surveillance systems.

Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among bacterial pathogens isolated from cattle in different European countries: 2002–2004

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hendriksen, Rene S.; Mevius, Dik J; Schroeter, Andreas

2008-01-01

Background: The project "Antibiotic resistance in bacteria of animal origin - II" (ARBAO-II) was funded by the European Union (FAIR5-QLK2-2002-01146) for the period 2003 - 2005, with the aim to establish a continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility among veterinary laboratories...... (2002-2004). Each year the participating laboratories were requested to fill in excelfile templates with national summary data on the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance from different bacterial species. A proficiency test (EQAS - external quality assurance system) for antimicrobial susceptibility...... from 13 European countries. For Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis major differences were apparent in the occurrence of resistance between countries and between the different antimicrobial agents tested. The highest frequency of resistance was observed for penicillin. For Mannheimia haemolytica...

Vana õpetaja meenutab / Valter Voole

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Voole, Valter

2000-01-01

Meenutusi koolielust pärast Teist maailmasõda. Autorid: Ilmar Oja, Ella Laaneorg, Laine Mägi, Liia Toom, Volli Mäeumbaed, Milvi Mett, Aune Ork, Aavo Lind, Rein Väljas, Toivo Pruul, Leo Tikerpuu, Lembit Sauer, Erna Kivi (Raavel), Salme Raave-Sõeruer, Ervin Norgan, Peeter Luiga, Maimo Hõbessaar, Heino Topp, Eha Remmelkoor (Türnpuu), Hermi Vain, Peeter Laredei. Meenutatakse ka koolinõunik Ernst Ennot ; Ülevaade Käinast ja president Pätsi külaskäigust. Algus: 1999, 20. nov. Järgneb 11.,18.,22.,25.,29. jaan., 1;5;8;10;15;19;26;29. veebr., 2;4;7;11;21;25. märts, 1;4;8;11;18;25;29. apr., 4;6;9;11;13;16;20;23;27;30. mai, 3;6;10;13;17;20;27. juuni, 1;4;8. juuli, 12. aug

In memoriam 2002

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2003-01-01

Maailm: Kenneth Armitage (18. VII 1916-22. I), Eduardo Chillida (10. I 1924-19. VIII), Ruth Handler (4. IV 1916-27. IV), Yousuf Karsh (23. XII 1908-14. VII), Roberto Matta (11. XI 1911-23. XI). Eesti: Endel Kaldmäe (12. VII 1918-15. XII), Tiia Kelomees-Johannson (8. IX 1965-11. VI), Salme Kirsimäe (6. XI 1919-1. IV), Maret Kuke (9. X 1926-2. VII), Diana Laev (21. XI 1919-31. VIII), Pauline Leps (16. XI 1903-5. III), Avo-Himm Looveer (16. VIII 1941- 1. V), Jüri Palm (14. IV 1937-27. IV), Agu Pilt (26. VIII 1951-11. III), Valve Pormeister (13. IV 1922-27. X), Eugen Sacharias (21. IV 1906-13. III), Lilian Schönberg (25. IV 1934-10. X), Laine Sisa (12. II 1931-20. II)

Interest and limits of the six sigma methodology in medical laboratory.

Science.gov (United States)

Scherrer, Florian; Bouilloux, Jean-Pierre; Calendini, Ors'Anton; Chamard, Didier; Cornu, François

2017-02-01

The mandatory accreditation of clinical laboratories in France provides an incentive to develop real tools to measure performance management methods and to optimize the management of internal quality controls. Six sigma methodology is an approach commonly applied to software quality management and discussed in numerous publications. This paper discusses the primary factors that influence the sigma index (the choice of the total allowable error, the approach used to address bias) and compares the performance of different analyzers on the basis of the sigma index. Six sigma strategy can be applied to the policy management of internal quality control in a laboratory and demonstrates through a comparison of four analyzers that there is no single superior analyzer in clinical chemistry. Similar sigma results are obtained using approaches toward bias based on the EQAS or the IQC. The main difficulty in using the six sigma methodology lies in the absence of official guidelines for the definition of the total error acceptable. Despite this drawback, our comparison study suggests that difficulties with defined analytes do not vary with the analyzer used.

Efecto del calcio sobre la toxicidad aguda de aluminio en alevines de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss expuestos en aguas de diferente pH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Rolando Vega

2015-05-01

Full Text Available En la producción de alevines de salmón de la región de la Araucanía (sur de Chile se presentan importantes eventos de mortalidad aguda sin rasgos patológicos aparentes. El problema se focaliza en ejemplares de 0,2 a 1 g y las causas apuntan a procesos de acidificación del pH del agua y a la presencia de ciertos metales pesados, entre los cuales destaca el aluminio, que alcanza concentraciones más allá de los rangos de tolerancia de los peces. La información científica indica que concentraciones de 5 mg Ca L-1 en el afluente son suficientes para mantener a salvo los peces del efectos tóxico del aluminio. Sin embargo, los problemas en la producción de alevines de salmón indican que se requiere un mayor conocimiento científico y evidencia experimental que soporte el desarrollo de procesos y tecnologías para el tratamiento de los afluentes de las pisciculturas chilenas. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto de cuatro concentraciones de calcio (0, 5, 10 y 20 mg Ca L-1 sobre la toxicidad aguda de 500 μg Al L-1 en alevines de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss de 0,1 g en agua de cultivo a pH 5, 6 y 7. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la dosis de calcio que reduce la toxicidad aguda de aluminio y los tiempos mínimos de reacción que podrían disponer los piscicultores para tomar medidas preventivas ante una concentración aguda de aluminio en el agua de cultivo. Los resultados indican que antes de 8 h de exposición a una concentración tóxica de aluminio los piscicultores deberían asegurar en el agua de cultivo una dosis superior a 10 mg Ca L-1 y un pH >6 como medida remedial para reducir el efecto de intoxicación aguda causada por aluminio.

Internal quality control practice of thyroid disease related tests and imprecision analysis in China.

Science.gov (United States)

Hu, Li-Tao; Wang, Zhi-Guo

2014-01-01

Internal quality control (IQC) has a long and well-established role in clinical laboratories and the quality of laboratories has achieved great improvement in China. However, the practice of IQC varies significantly between institutions and many problems still exists. Consequently, the Chinese National Center for Clinical Laboratories has been undertaking monthly nation-wide surveys of current IQC practice of tests since 2010 to monitor laboratory quality. Thyroid disease related tests were chosen for this research. Different numbers of laboratories in China participating national external quality assessment (EQA) schemes of Total Thyroxine (TT4), Total Triiodothyronine (TT3), Free Thyroxine (FT4) and Free Triiodothyronine (FT3) tests, and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) measurements, were required to report the IQC information though the national external quality assessment (EQA) network platform. Survey data showed significant variability in all aspects of IQC practice. More than half of the laboratories are using a single concentration level of IQC material and up to 28.6% of the laboratories only use 1(2s) or 1(3s) to monitor IQC results for FT3, TT3, FT4, TT4, and TSH. The medians of the average time intervals of two control tests for FT3, TT3, FT4, TT4, and TSH are 33.6, 35.4, 33.6, 35.4, and 33.6 hours, respectively, more or less 1.4 days. When quality specifications based on biological variation are applied to imprecision evaluation, only 46.3%, 52.1%, 31.3%, 12.8%, and 5.86% laboratories meet the minimum performance for FT3, TT3, FT4, and TT4, 24.5%, 23.6%, 12.8%, and 5.86% of the all meet the desirable performance, and 4.4%, 3.9%, 2.5% and 3.0% of the all meet the optimal performance. While it shows a higher percentage of acceptable laboratories (98.1%, 87.9% and 39.0% meeting the minimum, desirable and optimal performance, respectively) for TSH. Not-well-designed IQC practices may affect the effectiveness of laboratory IQC and, thus, the adequacy of a

"Tere! Head teatripäeva!" : Rakveres jagati auhindu mulluste teatriteenete eest / Verni Leivak

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Leivak, Verni, 1966-

2009-01-01

Rakvere Teatris toimunud teatriauhindade jagamisest. Lisatud aastaauhindade laureaadid - Tiit Ojasoo ja Ene-Liis Semper parim lavastus ("Ruja"), Lembit Peterson - lavastaja auhind ("Maarja kuulutamine" ja "Linn"), Maria Peterson ja Laura Peterson - naisnäitleja auhind, Marius Peterson - meesnäitleja auhind, Piret Laurimaa - naiskõrvalosa auhind, Rain Simmul - meeskõrvalosa auhind, Liisi Eelmaa - kunstniku auhind, Ain Saviauk - žürii eriauhind, Valle-Sten Maiste - Reet Neimari kriitikaauhind, Arvo Volmer - muusikalavastuse auhind, Eve Andre - balletilavastuse auhind, Jaan Undusk - algupärase dramaturgia auhind, Marius Peterson - sõnalavastuse muusikalise kujunduse auhind, Tiina Tauraite ja Margus Prangel - Ants Lauteri auhind, Lembit Peterson - Priit Põldroosi auhind, Mart Madiste - Georg Otsa auhind, Sigrid Orusaar - Otto Hermanni auhind, Tiit Härm - Rahel Olbrei auhind, Ene-Liis Semper - Natalie Mei auhind, Jevgeni Ibragimov - Salme Reegi auhind, Margus Alver - Aleksander Kurtna auhind, Toomas Suuman - Karl Adra auhind, Sten Karpov ja Uku Uusberg - Kristallkingakese auhind

Eesti teatri aastaauhinnad 2004

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2005-01-01

Lavastajaauhind Tiit Ojasoo, naisnäitleja auhind Epp Eespäev, meesnäitleja Hendrik Toompere jun, naiskõrvalosatäitja Kadri Lepp, meeskõrvalosatäitja Herardo Kontreras, kunstnikuauhind Jaak Vaus, žürii eriauhind lavastaja Anne Türnpule ja kunstnik Liina Tepandile "Valgelaev ja taevakäijad" eest, kriitikuauhind Kristiina Garancis, Kristallkingakese auhind Mirtel Pohla ja Kaspar Jancis, muusikalavastuse auhind "Eesti ballaadid" kooslusele ja Heli Veskusele, tantsulavastuse auhind Maria Seletskajale ja ZUGA Ühendatud Tantsijatele, Priit Põldroosi preemia Aime Unt, Ants Lauteri preemia Indrek Saar, Liina Vahtrik, Salme Reegi preemia Peeter Tammearu, Aleksander Kurtna preemia Martin Algus, Natalie Mei preemia Eldor Renter, balleti- ja tantsulavastuse eriauhind Kaie Kõrb, Georg Otsa preemia Mati Kõrts, parima teatritöötaja auhind : Riina Roose, Jane Kaas, Ott Mölter, Eda Kaljo, Aino Kartul, Kaja Kupp, Ain Jürisson, Jelena Oleinikova, Kalle Kuningas ja Moonika Lausvee

Measurement and Sustainability of the Qualifications Frameworks in the European Higher Education Area through an Employment Survey on Access to the Labour Market

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Gracia Serrano

2015-10-01

Full Text Available There is a clear need to measure the correct implementation of the European Framework through the employability of the alumni. The evaluation of the deployment of the Qualifications Frameworks in the European Higher Education Area (QF-EHEA/QF should shed significant light on the action that must be taken by legislators and higher education managers to foster employability and guarantee the sustainability of the EHEA. We propose a methodology based on a Survey on Access to the Labour Market (SALM to assess the correlation between the education provided to the students and the practical utility of the knowledge acquired in the workplace. A questionnaire has been produced to measure the competencies and descriptors that had been theoretically defined within the QF-EHEA. Fifteen questions were disguised so that the six QF-EHEA descriptors were quantified through the difference between education and utility. The quantification methodology for the framework has been tested successfully on the former students of a higher education center in Spain. In this center, the alumni perceived that the utility of their acquired competencies and their employability level was greater than their education content, while both levels were reasonably high. The results hold for both Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees.

Mutagenesis at the ad-3A and ad-3B loci in haploid UV-sensitive strains of Neurospora crassa. Pt. 3

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Schuepbach, M.E.; Serres, F.J. de

1981-01-01

γ-ray-induced inactivation and induction of mutations at the ad-3A and ad-3B loci of Neurospora crassa have been compared among 6 different UV- sensitive strains and a standard wild-type strain. The 6 strains show varying degrees of sensitivy to γ-ray-induced inactivation, with the relative sensitivy at 37% survival being uvs-6 > upr-1 > uvs-2 UE uvs-3 > wild-type > uvs-5 > uvs-4. Studies on the induction of ad-3 mutants by γ-rays show that when the dose-response curves (expressed in terms of ad-3 mutants among the surving colonies) of the UV-sensitive strains are compared with wild-type, the excision-repair-deficient mutants uvs-2 and upr-1 exhibit enhanced ad-3 mutant frequencies, uvs-3 exibits reduced ad-3 mutant frequencies whereas both uvs-4 and uvs-5 show lower mutant frequencies than wild-type. (orig.)

Short note: the experimental geopotential model XGM2016

Science.gov (United States)

Pail, R.; Fecher, T.; Barnes, D.; Factor, J. F.; Holmes, S. A.; Gruber, T.; Zingerle, P.

2018-04-01

As a precursor study for the upcoming combined Earth Gravitational Model 2020 (EGM2020), the Experimental Gravity Field Model XGM2016, parameterized as a spherical harmonic series up to degree and order 719, is computed. XGM2016 shares the same combination methodology as its predecessor model GOCO05c (Fecher et al. in Surv Geophys 38(3): 571-590, 2017. doi: 10.1007/s10712-016-9406-y). The main difference between these models is that XGM2016 is supported by an improved terrestrial data set of 15^' × 15^' gravity anomaly area-means provided by the United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), resulting in significant upgrades compared to existing combined gravity field models, especially in continental areas such as South America, Africa, parts of Asia, and Antarctica. A combination strategy of relative regional weighting provides for improved performance in near-coastal ocean regions, including regions where the altimetric data are mostly unchanged from previous models. Comparing cumulative height anomalies, from both EGM2008 and XGM2016 at degree/order 719, yields differences of 26 cm in Africa and 40 cm in South America. These differences result from including additional information of satellite data, as well as from the improved ground data in these regions. XGM2016 also yields a smoother Mean Dynamic Topography with significantly reduced artifacts, which indicates an improved modeling of the ocean areas.

PEARS Emission Line Galaxies

Science.gov (United States)

Pirzkal, Nor; Rothberg, Barry; Ly, Chun; Rhoads, James E.; Malhotra, Sangeeta; Grogin, Norman A.; Dahlen, Tomas; Meurer, Gerhardt R.; Walsh, Jeremy; Hathi, Nimish P.;

Reproducción de cochinilla silvestre Dactylopius opuntiae (Homóptera: Dactylopiidae Reproduction of wild cochineal Dactylopius opuntiae (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Arnoldo Flores-Hernández

2006-06-01

Full Text Available Por sus características, la cochinilla silvestre ofrece perspectivas de aprovechamiento como fuente de carmín y para el mejoramiento genético de la grana fina. Por lo anterior, se estableció una multiplicación y crianza de cochinilla silvestre, proveniente de la zona árida del norte de México para caracterizarla, utilizando como hospedero a Opuntia megacantha Salm Dyck. Los resultados indican que la especie silvestre pertenece al género-especie Dactylopius opuntia. Se determinó la presencia de partenogénesis en hembras. La duración de los estadios biológicos depende del sexo del insecto; el adulto hembra permaneció durante 38.4 días y 4.2 días para machos, los primeros estadios ninfales fueron similares en duración (18.1-19.8 días. El ciclo biológico de las hembras fue de 77 días mientras que el de los machos fue de 43 días. Para las hembras se estimó un periodo de preoviposición de 18.8 días, manteniéndose en oviposición durante 21 días con un promedio de 131 insectos por hembra. La proporción sexual hembras: machos fue 1:1. El tipo de reproducción fue predominantemente sexual, aunque hubo hembras partenogénicas. Este es el primer reporte de Dactylopius opuntiae como cochinilla silvestre asociada a la zona árida del noreste de México, específicamente en el Bolsón de Mapimí, Durango, México.Wild cochineal has characteristics that offer advantage as a source of carmine and for fine cochineal improvement. To characterize wild cochineal, we initiated a breeding effort raising wild cochineal from the arid zone of the north oh Mexico, using as a host organism Opuntia megacantha Salm dick. The results indicate that the wild specie is Dactylopius opuntiae. The presence of parthenogenesis in females was determined. The duration of ontogenetic stages depends on the sex of the insect. The adult female lasted 38.4 days and 4.2 days for males, the first stage nymphs were similar in duration (18-19.8 days. The complete

Conformal invariance of the Lungren-Monin-Novikov equations for vorticity fields in 2D turbulence

Science.gov (United States)

Grebenev, V. N.; Wacławczyk, M.; Oberlack, M.

2017-10-01

We study the statistical properties of the vorticity field in two-dimensional turbulence. The field is described in terms of the infinite Lundgren-Monin-Novikov (LMN) chain of equations for multi-point probability density functions (pdf’s) of vorticity. We perform a Lie group analysis of the first equation in this chain using the direct method based on the canonical Lie-Bäcklund transformations devised for integro-differential equations. We analytically show that the conformal group is broken for the first LMN equation i.e. for the 1-point pdf at least for the inviscid case but the equation is still conformally invariant on the associated characteristic with zero-vorticity. Then, we demonstrate that this characteristic is conformally transformed. We find this outcome coincides with the numerical results about the conformal invariance of the statistics of zero-vorticity isolines, see e.g. Falkovich (2007 Russian Math. Surv. 63 497-510). The conformal symmetry can be understood as a ‘local scaling’ and its traces in two-dimensional turbulence were already discussed in the literature, i.e. it was conjectured more than twenty years ago in Polyakov (1993 Nucl. Phys. B 396 367-85) and clearly validated experimentally in Bernard et al (2006 Nat. Phys. 2 124-8).

Mapping method for generating three-dimensional meshes: past and present

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cook, W.A.; Oakes, W.R.

1982-01-01

Two transformations are derived in this paper. One is a mapping of a unit square onto a surve and the other is a mapping of a unit cube onto a three-dimensional region. Two meshing computer programs are then discussed that use these mappings. The first is INGEN, which has been used to calculate three-dimensional meshes for approximately 15 years. This meshing program uses an index scheme to number boundaries, surfaces, and regions. With such an index scheme, it is possible to control nodal points, elements, and boundary conditions. The second is ESCHER, a meshing program now being developed. Two primary considerations governing development of ESCHER are that meshes graded using quadrilaterals are required and that edge-line geometry defined by Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems will be a major source of geometry definition. This program separates the processes of nodal-point connectivity generation, computation of nodal-point mapping space coordinates, and mapping of nodal points into model space

Effect of continuous ohmic heating to inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes in orange juice and tomato juice.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, S-Y; Sagong, H-G; Ryu, S; Kang, D-H

2012-04-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of continuous ohmic heating for reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes in orange juice and tomato juice. Orange juice and tomato juice were treated with electric field strengths in the range of 25-40 V cm(-1) for different treatment times. The temperature of the samples increased with increasing treatment time and electric field strength. The rate of temperature change for tomato juice was higher than for orange juice at all voltage gradients applied. Higher electric field strength or longer treatment time resulted in a greater reduction of pathogens. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was reduced by more than 5 log after 60-, 90- and 180-s treatments in orange juice with 40, 35 and 30 V cm(-1) electric field strength, respectively. In tomato juice, treatment with 25 V cm(-1) for 30 s was sufficient to achieve a 5-log reduction in E. coli O157:H7. Similar results were observed in Salm. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes. The concentration of vitamin C in continuous ohmic heated juice was significantly higher than in conventionally heated juice (P pasteurize fruit and vegetable juices in a short operating time and that the effect of inactivation depends on applied electric field strengths, treatment time and electric conductivity. © 2012 The Authors. Journal of Applied Microbiology © 2012 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Next generation diagnostic molecular pathology: critical appraisal of quality assurance in Europe.

Science.gov (United States)

Dubbink, Hendrikus J; Deans, Zandra C; Tops, Bastiaan B J; van Kemenade, Folkert J; Koljenović, S; van Krieken, Han J M; Blokx, Willeke A M; Dinjens, Winand N M; Groenen, Patricia J T A

2014-06-01

Tumor evaluation in pathology is more and more based on a combination of traditional histopathology and molecular analysis. Due to the rapid development of new cancer treatments that specifically target aberrant proteins present in tumor cells, treatment decisions are increasingly based on the molecular features of the tumor. Not only the number of patients eligible for targeted precision medicine, but also the number of molecular targets per patient and tumor type is rising. Diagnostic molecular pathology, the discipline that determines the molecular aberrations present in tumors for diagnostic, prognostic or predictive purposes, is faced with true challenges. The laboratories have to meet the need of comprehensive molecular testing using only limited amount of tumor tissue, mostly fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin (FFPE), in short turnaround time. Choices must be made for analytical methods that provide accurate, reliable and cost-effective results. Validation of the test procedures and results is essential. In addition, participation and good performance in internal (IQA) and external quality assurance (EQA) schemes is mandatory. In this review, we critically evaluate the validation procedure for comprehensive molecular tests as well as the organization of quality assurance and assessment of competence of diagnostic molecular pathology laboratories within Europe. Copyright © 2014 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Combined Activity of Colloid Nanosilver and Zataria Multiflora Boiss Essential Oil-Mechanism of Action and Biofilm Removal Activity

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maryam Shirdel

2017-12-01

Full Text Available Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial and biofilm removal potential of Zataria multiflora essential oil (ZEO and silver nanoparticle (SNP alone and in combination on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium and evaluate the mechanism of action. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, and optimal inhibitory combination (OIC of ZEO and SNP were determined according to fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC method. Biofilm removal potential and leakage pattern of 260-nm absorbing material from the bacterial cell during exposure to the compounds were also investigated. Results: MICs of SNP for both bacteria were the same as 25 μg/ mL. The MICs and MBCs values of ZEO were 2500 and 1250 μg/mL, respectively. The most effective OIC value for SNP and ZEO against Salm. Typhimurium and Staph. aureus were 12.5, 625 and 0.78, 1250 μg/ mL, respectively. ZEO and SNP at MIC and OIC concentrations represented a strong removal ability (>70% on biofilm. Moreover, ZEO at MIC and OIC concentrations did a 6-log reduction of primary inoculated bacteria during 15 min contact time. The effect of ZEO on the loss of 260-nm material from the cell was faster than SNP during 15 and 60 min. Conclusion: Combination of ZEO and SNP had significant sanitizing activity on examined bacteria which may be suitable for disinfecting the surfaces.

The Benefits of Digital Pathology in the Assessment of HER2 ISH in a National External Quality Assessment Scheme.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Katherine Sheehan

2016-06-01

Due to the large number of participants enrolled in the UK NEQAS HER2 ISH scheme, it is not possible to provide each laboratory with a H&E-stained slide. Without a reference H&E-stained slide it can be difficult to clearly identify invasive tumour cells on an ISH-stained preparation increasing the chance of error in the assessment of HER2 gene status in tissue samples. However, with the technological advancement of digital pathology, it has been possible to provide UK NEQAS participants with a relevant H&E-stained slide of the tissue samples. In Conclusion, digital pathology has greatly facilitated the move from cell lines to breast cancer tissue samples for the UK NEQAS HER2 ISH module. Access to the digitized H&E-stained slides has enabled participants to quickly and more accurately visualize and pinpoint areas of invasive tumour. Our experience confirms the significant role for this electronic resource in EQA, education and continuing professional development.

Germination response of Hylocereus setaceus (Salm-Dyck ex DC: ) Ralf Bauer (Cactaceae) seeds to temperature and reduced water potentials.

Science.gov (United States)

Simão, E; Takaki, M; Cardoso, V J M

2010-02-01

The germination response of Hylocereus setaceus seeds to isothermic incubation at different water potentials was analysed by using the thermal time and hydrotime models, aiming to describe some germination parameters of the population and to test the validity of the models to describe the response of the seeds to temperature and water potential. Hylocereus setaceus seeds germinated relatively well in a wide range of temperatures and the germination was rate limited from 11 to 20 degrees C interval and beyond 30 degrees C until 40 degrees C, in which the germination rate respectively shifts positively and negatively with temperature. The minimum or base temperature (T(b)) for the germination of H. setaceus was 7 degrees C, and the ceiling temperature varied nearly from 43.5 to 59 degrees C depending on the percent fraction, with median set on 49.8 degrees C. The number of degrees day necessary for 50% of the seeds to germinate in the infra-optimum temperature range was 39.3 degrees C day, whereas at the supra-optimum interval the value of theta = 77 was assumed to be constant throughout. Germination was sensitive to decreasing values of psi in the medium, and both the germinability and the germination rate shift negatively with the reduction of psi, but the rate of reduction changed with temperature. The values of base water potential (psi(b)) shift to zero with increasing temperatures and such variation reflects in the relatively greater effect of low psi on germination in supra optimum range of T. In general, the model described better the germination time courses at lower than at higher water potentials. The analysis also suggest that Tb may not be independent of psi and that psi(b(g)) may change as a function of temperature at the infra-otimum temperature range.

Heat-killed Lactobacillus spp. cells enhance survivals of Caenorhabditis elegans against Salmonella and Yersinia infections.

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, J; Choe, J; Kim, J; Oh, S; Park, S; Kim, S; Kim, Y

2015-12-01

This study examined the effect of feeding heat-killed Lactobacillus cells on the survival of Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes after Salmonella Typhimurium and Yersinia enterocolitica infection. The feeding of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum 133 (LP133) and Lactobacillus fermentum 21 (LP21) cells to nematodes was shown to significantly increase the survival rate as well as stimulate the expression of pmk-1 gene that key factor for C. elegans immunity upon infection compared with control nematodes that were only fed Escherichia coli OP50 (OP50) cells. These results suggest that heat-killed LP133 and LF21 cells exert preventive or protective effects against the Gram-negative bacteria Salm. Typhimurium and Y. enterocolitica. To better understand the mechanisms underlying the LF21-mediated and LP133-mediated protection against bacterial infection in nematodes, transcriptional profiling was performed for each experimental group. These experiments showed that genes related to energy generation and ageing, regulators of insulin/IGF-1-like signalling, DAF genes, oxidation and reduction processes, the defence response and/or the innate immune response, and neurological processes were upregulated in nematodes that had been fed heat-killed Lactobacillus cells compared with nematodes that had been fed E. coli cells. In this study, the feeding of heat-killed Lactobacillus bacteria to Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes was shown to decrease infection by Gram-negative bacteria and increase the host lifespan. C. elegans has a small, well-organized genome and is an excellent in vivo model organism; thus, these results will potentially shed light on important Lactobacillus-host interactions. © 2015 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Strategies to define performance specifications in laboratory medicine: 3 years on from the Milan Strategic Conference.

Science.gov (United States)

Panteghini, Mauro; Ceriotti, Ferruccio; Jones, Graham; Oosterhuis, Wytze; Plebani, Mario; Sandberg, Sverre

2017-10-26

Measurements in clinical laboratories produce results needed in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients. These results are always characterized by some uncertainty. What quality is needed and what measurement errors can be tolerated without jeopardizing patient safety should therefore be defined and specified for each analyte having clinical use. When these specifications are defined, the total examination process will be "fit for purpose" and the laboratory professionals should then set up rules to control the measuring systems to ensure they perform within specifications. The laboratory community has used different models to set performance specifications (PS). Recently, it was felt that there was a need to revisit different models and, at the same time, to emphasize the presuppositions for using the different models. Therefore, in 2014 the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) organized a Strategic Conference in Milan. It was felt that there was a need for more detailed discussions on, for instance, PS for EQAS, which measurands should use which models to set PS and how to set PS for the extra-analytical phases. There was also a need to critically evaluate the quality of data on biological variation studies and further discussing the use of the total error (TE) concept. Consequently, EFLM established five Task Finish Groups (TFGs) to address each of these topics. The TFGs are finishing their activity on 2017 and the content of this paper includes deliverables from these groups.

Resistance of Salmonella enteritidis variety typhimurium to gamma radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Norberg, A.N.; Maliska, C.

1988-01-01

The use of ionizing radiations to kill microrganisms responsible for food deterioration, and toxinfections is an example of peaceful use of nuclear energy. Food toxinfections are, amongus, produced mostly by Salmonella enteritidis var. typhimurium. Due to the pauncity of information on the resistance to gamma radiation of Salmonella enteritidis var. typhimurium this paper has the aim to define the 60-Cobalt gamma radiation lethal dose to these bacteria, in experimentally contaminated milk by samples recovered from our geographycal area. One hundred nineteen samples of milk containing about 150.000 bacteria per ml were irradiated with doses ranging from 100 to 1.100 Gy. Two samples of surving bacteria were again irradiated by doses up to 2.500 Gy. The bacteria not previously irradiated were killed by doses of 1.100 Gy. It was concluded that the 60-Cobalt gamma radiation minimal lethal dose to Salmonella enteritidis var. typhimurium is 1.200 Gy. The surviving strains to smaller doses than 1.200 Gy when re-irradiated prompt the forthcoming of more radio-resistant germs. (author) [pt

External Quality Assessment for KRAS Testing Is Needed: Setup of a European Program and Report of the First Joined Regional Quality Assessment Rounds

Science.gov (United States)

Bellon, Ellen; Ligtenberg, Marjolijn J.L.; Tejpar, Sabine; Cox, Karen; de Hertogh, Gert; de Stricker, Karin; Edsjö, Anders; Gorgoulis, Vassilis; Höfler, Gerald; Jung, Andreas; Kotsinas, Athanassios; Laurent-Puig, Pierre; López-Ríos, Fernando; Hansen, Tine Plato; Rouleau, Etienne; Vandenberghe, Peter; van Krieken, Johan J.M.

2011-01-01

The use of epidermal growth factor receptor–targeting antibodies in metastatic colorectal cancer has been restricted to patients with wild-type KRAS tumors by the European Medicines Agency since 2008, based on data showing a lack of efficacy and potential harm in patients with mutant KRAS tumors. In an effort to ensure optimal, uniform, and reliable community-based KRAS testing throughout Europe, a KRAS external quality assessment (EQA) scheme was set up. The first large assessment round included 59 laboratories from eight different European countries. For each country, one regional scheme organizer prepared and distributed the samples for the participants of their own country. The samples included unstained sections of 10 invasive colorectal carcinomas with known KRAS mutation status. The samples were centrally validated by one of two reference laboratories. The laboratories were allowed to use their own preferred method for histological evaluation, DNA isolation, and mutation analysis. In this study, we analyze the setup of the KRAS scheme. We analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the regional scheme organization by analyzing the outcome of genotyping results, analysis of tumor percentage, and written reports. We conclude that only 70% of laboratories correctly identified the KRAS mutational status in all samples. Both the false-positive and false-negative results observed negatively affect patient care. Reports of the KRAS test results often lacked essential information. We aim to further expand this program to more laboratories to provide a robust estimate of the quality of KRAS testing in Europe, and provide the basis for remedial measures and harmonization. PMID:21441573

Benchmarking by HbA1c in a national diabetes quality register--does measurement bias matter?

Science.gov (United States)

Carlsen, Siri; Thue, Geir; Cooper, John Graham; Røraas, Thomas; Gøransson, Lasse Gunnar; Løvaas, Karianne; Sandberg, Sverre

2015-08-01

Bias in HbA1c measurement could give a wrong impression of the standard of care when benchmarking diabetes care. The aim of this study was to evaluate how measurement bias in HbA1c results may influence the benchmarking process performed by a national diabetes register. Using data from 2012 from the Norwegian Diabetes Register for Adults, we included HbA1c results from 3584 patients with type 1 diabetes attending 13 hospital clinics, and 1366 patients with type 2 diabetes attending 18 GP offices. Correction factors for HbA1c were obtained by comparing the results of the hospital laboratories'/GP offices' external quality assurance scheme with the target value from a reference method. Compared with the uncorrected yearly median HbA1c values for hospital clinics and GP offices, EQA corrected HbA1c values were within ±0.2% (2 mmol/mol) for all but one hospital clinic whose value was reduced by 0.4% (4 mmol/mol). Three hospital clinics reduced the proportion of patients with poor glycemic control, one by 9% and two by 4%. For most participants in our study, correcting for measurement bias had little effect on the yearly median HbA1c value or the percentage of patients achieving glycemic goals. However, at three hospital clinics correcting for measurement bias had an important effect on HbA1c benchmarking results especially with regard to percentages of patients achieving glycemic targets. The analytical quality of HbA1c should be taken into account when comparing benchmarking results.

Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the lipidic profile of healthy Mexican volunteers Efecto de los ácidos grasos polinsaturados n-3 en el perfil lipídico de mexicanos voluntarios

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

OCTAVIO CARVAJAL

1997-05-01

Full Text Available Objective. The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the serum lipid profile in a Mexican population was evaluated. Material and methods. Three g of salmon oil was the daily intake during four weeks. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins and erythrocyte fatty acid composition were analyzed. Results. The hypertriglyceridemic group showed a statistically significant (pObjetivo. Estudiar el efecto de los ácidos grasos polinsaturados n-3 en el perfil lipídico sérico de una población mexicana. Material y métodos. La ingesta diaria del suplemento de aceite de salmón fue de 3 gramos durante cuatro semanas. Se evaluaron los niveles de colesterol total, triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de baja densidad, lipoproteínas de alta densidad y la composición en ácidos grasos de los eritrocitos. Resultados. Muestran una reducción significativa (p< 0.05 en los niveles de triglicéridos y un aumento significativo (p< 0.01 en los niveles de lipoproteínas de alta densidad en los sujetos con hipertrigliceridemia. El grupo con hipercolesterolemia presentó reducción en los niveles de colesterol total y triglicéridos y aumento significativo en los niveles de lipoproteínas de alta densidad (p< 0.01. Conclusiones. El efecto hipolipidemiante de los ácidos grasos polinsaturados n-3 se puso de manifiesto en voluntarios mexicanos bajo las condiciones aquí evaluadas.

Promoting biogas production and using it as transport fuel in the Helsinki region; Suunnitelma liikennebiokaasun tuotannon ja kaeytoen edistaemiseksi Helsingin seudulla

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rasi, S.; Havukainen, J.; Uusitalo, V.; Andersson, R.; Manninen, K.; Aro-Heinilae, E.; Rintala, J.

2012-11-01

The main objective of the project was to promote biogas production and its use as transport fuel. The aims in the four Finnish and two Estonian case areas were to reduce the amount and improve the sustainable use of waste and sludge, to promote biogas production, to start biogas use as transport fuel and to provide tools for implementing the aims. The total biomethane potential in the Helsinki region corresponds to approximately 450 GWh/a. The most potential user for biomethane is public transport. The total amount of biomethane would suffice for 80% of the busses operating in the Helsinki region. Using biogas as a transport fuel instead of energy production in the Helsinki region would result in emission reductions (13 000 t{sub CO2,eq}/a). However if the fuel replacing biogas in energy production would be renewable, the emission reductions would be significantly greater. The economical assessment indicates that the production of biogas is economically feasible if all the produced gas can be sold. Biogas produced near the natural gas grid can also be transported to the Helsinki region where there are better possibilities to find uses for it. In this way, for example, gas that is produced in Kymenlaakso but is not consumed there can be transported via the natural gas grid, assuming that the production plant is reasonably close to the grid. (orig.)

National survey on internal quality control for tumour markers in clinical laboratories in China.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Wei; Zhong, Kun; Yuan, Shuai; He, Falin; Du, Yuxuan; Hu, Zhehui; Wang, Zhiguo

2018-06-15

This survey was initiated to obtain knowledge on the current situation of internal quality control (IQC) practice for tumour markers (TMs) in China. Additionally, we tried to acquire the most appropriate quality specifications. This survey was a current status survey. The IQC information had been collected via online questionnaires. All of 1821 clinical laboratories which participated in the 2016 TMs external quality assessment (EQA) programme had been enrolled. The imprecision evaluation criteria were the minimal, desirable, and optimal allowable imprecisions based on biological variations, and 1/3 total allowable error (TEa) and 1/4 TEa. A total of 1628 laboratories answered the questionnaires (89%). The coefficients of variation (CVs) of the IQC of participant laboratories varied greatly from 1% (5 th percentile) to 13% (95 th percentile). More than 82% (82 - 91%) of participant laboratories two types of CVs met 1/3 TEa except for CA 19-9. The percentiles of current CVs were smaller than cumulative CVs. A number of 1240 laboratories (76%) reported their principles and systems used. The electrochemiluminescence was the most used principle (45%) and had the smallest CVs. The performance of laboratories for TMs IQC has yet to be improved. On the basis of the obtained results, 1/3 TEa would be realistic and attainable quality specification for TMs IQC for clinical laboratories in China.

Challenges for dynamic energy budget theory. Comment on ;Physics of metabolic organization; by Marko Jusup et al.

Science.gov (United States)

Nisbet, Roger M.

2017-03-01

Jusup et al. [1] provide a comprehensive review of Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory - a theory of metabolic organization that has its roots in a model by S.A.L.M Kooijman [2] and has evolved over three decades into a remarkable general theory whose use appears to be growing exponentially. The definitive text on DEB theory [3] is a challenging (though exceptionally rewarding) read, and previous reviews (e.g. [4,5]) have provided focused summaries of some of its main themes, targeted at specific groups of readers. The strong case for a further review is well captured in the abstract: ;Hitherto, the foundations were more accessible to physicists or mathematicians, and the applications to biologists, causing a dichotomy in what always should have been a single body of work.; In response to this need, Jusup et al. provide a review that combines a lucid, rigorous exposition of the core components of DEB theory with a diverse collection of DEB applications. They also highlight some recent advances, notably the rapidly growing on-line database of DEB model parameters (451 species on 15 August 2016 according to [1], now, just a few months later, over 500 species).

Extraction of GEN at Q² = 1 (GeV/c)² from Measurements of polarized He(pol. e, e')

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Jin, Ge [Univ. of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (United States)

2011-05-01

The neutron electric form factor, GEN , is extracted for the first time at Q² = 1 (GeV/c)² from polarized ³$\\vec{He}$ ($\\vec{e}$ ,e ') measurements in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. By getting the ratio of asymmetries in longitudinal and transverse quasi-elastic ³$\\vec{He}$($\\vec{e}$,e ' ), the electric and magnetic contributions can be separated. The proton and neutron contributions to the ³ He quasi-elastic response functions are calculated in PWIA by Salme? et al., and the neutron electric form factor can be extracted. This method of inclusive scattering becomes feasible for the first time due to the falloff of the other form factors at high Q² while G$n\\atop{E}$ keeps increasing in units of the dipole form factor. Approximately, 20% uncertainty is achieved in the extraction largely contributed by the statistical uncertainties from 3 days of data-taking. All aspects of the measurement will be discussed in this thesis including theoretical model, experiment setup and the details in the analysis.

Biotechnology applied to salmoniculture Biotecnologia aplicada à salmonicultura

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Iván Valdebenito Isler

2009-07-01

Full Text Available This work presents a conceptual analysis of the main biotechnologies used in Chilean salmoniculture, which is based on the production of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, 356.407 t,silver salmon or coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch, 116.481 t, (O. tshawytscha, 2.062 t and rainbow trout (O. mykiss, 189.178 t.These activities are focused on the photoperiod artificial manipulation to obtain out-of-season spawning, in the use of hormonal therapies which allow synchronizing the final oocyte maturation (FOM and sexual maturity acceleration or the increase in milt volume produced by males. Such actions are carried out using GnRHa in doses close to 10 µg/kg of fish. Once sexual maturity is reached, in vitro manipulation of gamets must often be done due to either the prolonged storage (particularly milt they have to undergo in order to transport them where fertilization takes place, or awaiting for the ichtiopathological results, usually taken to broodstock. The production of "all female" populations is also common. Frequently, these populations in rainbow trout are triploided (through shock temperature close to 28º C or pressure close to 8.000 psi to obtain sterile species which improve productive perfomance of cultured populations without sexual maturity signs. Besides, the perspectives of industrial use of transgenic organisms in the culture of salmonids are analyzed.Este trabalho apresenta uma análise conceitual das principais biotecnologias utilizadas na salmonicultura chilena, que é baseada na produção de salmão-do-Atlântico (Salmosalar, 356,407 t, o prateado ou salmão coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch, 116,481 t, (O. tshawytscha, 2,062 t e truta arco-íris (O. mykiss, 189,178 t. Estas atividades centram-se na manipulação do fotoperíodo artificial para obter desova fora de época, no uso de terapias hormonais que permitem sincronizar a maturação ovocitária final (FOM e aceleração da maturidade sexual ou aumento do volume de sêmen produzido pelos

Direcciones futuras de la ecotoxicología en Chile: implicancias para la evaluación de riesgo ambiental de productos veterinarios utilizados en acuicultura Future directions of Chilean ecotoxicology: Implications for the environmental risk assessment of veterinary products used in aquaculture

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

MATÍAS H MEDINA

2009-01-01

Full Text Available La relación bidireccional de influencia que la acuicultura establece con el ambiente en el cual se desarrolla determina límites al crecimiento de esta actividad económica en Chile. Esto se ha traducido tanto en restricciones técnicas, como en conflictos ambientales y sociales. La creciente demanda de nuevos productos quimioterapéuticos y su consecuente vertido en ambientes acuáticos es considerado uno de los principales problemas ambientales que enfrenta la industria del salmón en Chile. Sin embargo, poco se sabe acerca de los efectos que ejercen estas sustancias sobre especies no objetivo y, en general, sobre la estructura y función de los ecosistemas expuestos. Mediante la aplicación de teoría y métodos de ecología contemporánea, el trabajo aquí presentado busca contribuir oportunamente al desarrollo de una metodología que permita reducir el nivel de incertidumbre asociado a la evaluación de riesgo ambiental de productos veterinarios utilizados en acuicultura. Se revisa el estado actual de la evaluación de riesgo ambiental en Chile y se identifican aspectos críticos y factibles de corregir en el marco de los procedimientos utilizados. Finalmente, se entrega una propuesta metodológica general que contempla extender de un modo coherente las pruebas ecotoxicológicas estándar, combinando experimentación a niveles comunitario, poblacional e individual, junto a la modelización matemática de sistemas ecológicos.The bidirectional relationship that aquaculture has with the environment set limits to the growth this economic activity has in Chile. This condition has generated both technical constraints and environmental as well as social conflicts. The growing demand for new chemotherapeutic compounds and their reléase into aquatic environments is now considered one of the main problems being faced by the salmón industry in Chile. However, little is known about the effects these substances exert on non-target species and on the

EFECTO DEL TRATAMIENTO FERMENTATIVO CON MIELES DE CAÑA Y ABEJA EN LA CALIDAD PROTEICA DE ALIMENTOS CÁRNICOS Y LÁCTEOS EFEITO DO TRATAMENTO DE FERMENTAÇÃO COM DUAS FONTES DE MEL NA QUALIDADE PROTEICA DE ALIMENTOS CÁRNICOS E LÁCTEOS EFFECT OF A FERMENTATION TREATMENT WITH A HONEY MIXTURE ON THE PROTEIN QUALITY OF MEAT, FISH AND DAIRY FOODS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

DAYRON GUTIÉRREZ

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Se evaluaron alimentos cárnicos (salmón, trucha, chorizo, salchicha y lácteos (queso sometidos a 3 tratamientos: 1 Térmico (77, 2 Fermentativo (TF, 3 Testigo (TE. Para evaluar algunos efectos se determinó el contenido de nitrógeno total (CNT, el contenido de proteína soluble (PS, y la digestibilidad in vitro de proteína (DP. El TF mejoró significativamente la DP en los alimentos. En el CNT se encontró que entre el TT y el TE no hubo diferencias, sin embargo sí hubo diferencia en el CNT entre el TE y el TE evidenciando menor CNT en el TF. Para la PS no hubo diferencia entre TF y el TE, sin embargo para el TT sí hubo diferencia, evidenciando mayor PS en 2 de los 4 alimentos evaluados en relación al TE. El TF no mejoró la calidad proteica de los alimentos, si bien hubo aumento en la DP, también hubo pérdidas en el CNT.Se avaliaram alimentos cárnicos (salmão, truta, linguiça, salchicha e lácteos (queijo submetidos a 3 tratamentos: 1 Térmico (77, 2 Fermentação (TF, 3 Testemunha (TE. Para avallar os efeitos dos tratamentos, se determinou o conteúdo de nitrogênio total (CNT, o conteúdo de proteína solúvel (PS, e a digestão in vitro de proteína (DP. 0 TF melhorou significativamente a DP nos alimentos. No CNT não houve diferenças significativas entre o TT e o TE mas houve entre o TF e o TE, mostrando menor CNT no TF. Para a PS não houve diferença significativa entre oTF e o TE, mas houve diferenga para o TT, mostrando maior PS nos 2 dos 4 alimentos avaliados com relaçao ao TE. 0 TF não melhorou a qualidade protéica dos alimentos, apesar do aumento na DP, houve perdas no CNT.Meat (salmon, trout, chorizo, sausage and dairy (cheese products were treated in 3 ways: thermal cooking, fermentation, and raw. The following was evaluated: total nitrogen content (TN, soluble protein content (SP and in vitro protein digestibility (PD. Thermal cooking significantly improved the product's PD. There was no difference in TN between

Determination of serum aluminum by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry: A comparison between Zeeman and continuum background correction systems

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kruger, Pamela C. [Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509 (United States); Parsons, Patrick J. [Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509 (United States); Lead Poisoning/Trace Elements Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, P.O. Box 509, Albany, NY 12201-0509 (United States)], E-mail: patrick.parsons@wadsworth.org

2007-03-15

limits (3 SD) for Al were very similar: 3.0, 3.2, and 4.1 {mu}g L{sup -1} for the Z5100, 4100ZL, and 3110, respectively. Serum Al method detection limits (3 SD) were 9.8, 6.9, and 7.3 {mu}g L{sup -1}, respectively. Accuracy was assessed using archived serum (and plasma) reference materials from various external quality assessment schemes (EQAS). Values found with all three instruments were within the acceptable EQAS ranges. The data indicate that relatively modest ETAAS instrumentation equipped with continuum background correction is adequate for routine serum Al monitoring.

Genetic parameters and genetic trends in the Chinese × European Tiameslan composite pig line. I. Genetic parameters

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Legault Christian

2000-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract Genetic parameters of body weight at 4 (W4 w, 8 (W8 w and 22 (W22 w weeks of age, days from 20 to 100 kg (DT, average backfat thickness at 100 kg (ABT, teat number (TEAT, number of good teats (GTEAT, total number of piglets born (TNB, born alive (NBA and weaned (NW per litter, and birth to weaning survival rate (SURV were estimated in the Chinese × European Tiameslan composite line using restricted maximum likelihood methodology applied to a multiple trait animal model. Performance data from a total of 4 881 males and 4 799 females from 1 341 litters were analysed. Different models were fitted to the data in order to estimate the importance of maternal effects on production traits, as well as genetic correlations between male and female performance. The results showed the existence of significant maternal effects on W4w, W8w and ABT and of variance heterogeneity between sexes for W22w, DT, ABT and GTEAT. Genetic correlations between sexes were 0.79, 0.71 and 0.82, respectively, for W22w, DT and ABT and above 0.90 for the other traits. Heritability estimates were larger than (ABT and TEAT or similar to (other traits average literature values. Some genetic antagonism was evidenced between production traits, particularly W4w, W8w and ABT, and reproductive traits.

Evaluación in vitro de la actividad antifúngica de extractos de agave (Agave scabra, Salm Dyck) sobre hongos postcosecha

OpenAIRE

González-Álvarez, M; Moreno-Limón, S; Salcedo-Martínez, SM; Pérez-Rodríguez, EC

2015-01-01

El sector agrícola, y particularmente la producción de hortalizas tiene una importancia singular en la agricultura, a nivel mundial y nacional, al considerarse que éstas ocupan el segundo lugar de los productos agropecuarios. Las enfermedades fúngicas son una de las principales causas de pérdidas en hortalizas durante el período de almacenamiento, disminuyendo su valor nutricional, calidad y precio de venta. Generalmente las hortalizas se exponen a diversos tratamientos con productos químicos...

Reaction of subsurface coastal aquifers to climate and land use changes in Greece: modelling of groundwater refreshening patterns under natural recharge conditions

Science.gov (United States)

Lambrakis, N.; Kallergis, G.

2001-05-01

This paper studies the multicomponent ion exchange process and freshening time under natural recharge conditions for three coastal aquifers in Greece. Due to over-pumping and the dry years of 1980-1990 decline in groundwater quality has been observed in most of the Greek coastal aquifers. This decline is caused by a lack of reliable water resource management, water abstraction from great depths, and seawater intrusion resulting in a rise of the fresh/salt water interface (salinisation process) due to a negative water balance. The reverse phenomenon, which should lead to groundwater freshening, is a long process. The freshening process shows chromatographic patterns that are due to chemical reactions such as calcite dissolution and cation exchange, and simultaneously occurring transport and dispersion processes. Using the geochemical simulation codes PHREEQE and PHREEQM (Parkhurst et al., US Geol. Surv. Water Resour. Invest., 80-96 (1980) 210; Appelo and Postma, Geochemistry, Groundwater and Pollution (1994)), these patterns were analysed and the above-mentioned processes were simulated for carefully selected aquifers in Peloponnesus and Crete (Greece). Aquifers of the Quaternary basin of Glafkos in Peloponnesus, the Neogene formations in Gouves, Crete, and the carbonate aquifer of Malia, Crete, were examined as representative examples of Greek coastal aquifer salinisation. The results show that when pumping was discontinued, the time required for freshening under natural conditions of the former two aquifers is long and varies between 8000 and 10,000 years. The Malia aquifer on the other hand, has a freshening time of 15 years. Freshening time was shown to depend mainly on cation exchange capacities and the recharge rate of the aquifers.

Digital versus traditional: are diagnostic accuracy rates similar for glass slides versus whole slide images in a non-gynaecological external quality assurance setting?

Science.gov (United States)

Ross, Jennifer; Greaves, Janelle; Earls, Peter; Shulruf, Boaz; Van Es, Simone L

2018-04-17

The Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Programs introduced virtual microscopy cases into its cytopathology non-gynaecological program after a short pilot phase, to address the challenges of providing a purely glass slide-based external quality assurance program to multiple participants both locally and internationally. The use of whole slide image (WSI) cases has facilitated a more robust program in relation to standardised material and statistical analysis, with access to a wider variety of specimen types and diagnostic entities. Diagnostic accuracy rates on 56 WSI were assessed against the reference diagnosis. A portion (12) of these WSI slides had been used in glass slide format in previous EQA surveys, and the results of these were compared to the responses received as glass slide cases. Overall diagnostic accuracy for the 56 WSI cases was acceptable in comparison to the reference diagnosis. When these 12 cases were analysed individually, for seven of the twelve cases, virtual format was found to be not inferior to glass slides for diagnostic accuracy. For one case, accuracy using WSI for diagnosis was superior to glass format. Diagnostic accuracy, using WSI for cases in our external quality assurance program is acceptable. As the use of digital microscopy in a large scale external quality assurance program (eQAP) offers extensive advantages over a glass slide-based format, our results encourage future comparison of diagnostic accuracy for virtual compared to glass slide format at a point in time where pathologists are becoming increasingly familiar with virtual microscopy in everyday practice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Competency assessment of microbiology medical laboratory technologists in Ontario, Canada.

Science.gov (United States)

Desjardins, Marc; Fleming, Christine Ann

2014-08-01

Accreditation in Ontario, Canada, requires that licensed clinical laboratories participate in external quality assessment (also known as proficiency testing) and perform competency evaluation of their staff. To assess the extent of ongoing competency assessment practices, the Quality Management Program--Laboratory Services (QMP-LS) Microbiology Committee surveyed all 112 licensed Ontario microbiology laboratories. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 21 questions that included yes/no, multiple-choice, and short-answer formats. Participants were asked to provide information about existing programs, the frequency of testing, what areas are evaluated, and how results are communicated to the staff. Of the 111 responding laboratories, 6 indicated they did not have a formal evaluation program since they perform only limited bacteriology testing. Of the remaining 105 respondents, 87% perform evaluations at least annually or every 2 years, and 61% include any test or task performed, whereas 16% and 10% focus only on problem areas and high-volume complex tasks, respectively. The most common methods of evaluation were review of external quality assessment (EQA) challenges, direct observation, and worksheet review. With the exception of one participant, all communicate results to staff, and most take remedial action to correct the deficiencies. Although most accredited laboratories have a program to assess the ongoing competency of their staff, the methods used are not standardized or consistently applied, indicating that there is room for improvement. The survey successfully highlighted potential areas for improvement and allowed the QMP-LS Microbiology Committee to provide guidance to Ontario laboratories for establishing or improving existing microbiology-specific competency assessment programs. Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Evaluación del crecimiento del pulpo común Octopus mimus del norte de Chile alimentado con dietas formuladas Growth evaluation of octopus (Octopus mimus from northern Chile fed with formulated diets

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Oscar Zúñiga

2011-11-01

Full Text Available Durante 57 días se comparó el crecimiento y sobreviviencia de pulpos juveniles Octopus mimus del norte de Chile alimentados con tres diferentes dietas: dos dietas húmedas (A y B aglutinadas con solución de gelatina embutidas en tripa de cordero y una dieta control (C natural. La dieta (A fue elaborada en base a una mezcla de filete triturado del pescado Cheilodactylus variegatus con harina de pellet para salmón, la dieta (B con pasta de almeja (Protothaca thaca mezclada con filete de Ch. variegatus y la dieta control consistió en el suministro de almejas frescas congeladas (C. Basado en un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas, los pulpos se mantuvieron individualmente en estanques de 70 L con circulación de agua de mar y aireación permanente. Los pulpos que consumieron la dieta B no experimentaron mortalidad y la dieta control C presentó mortalidad del 16,7%, sus crecimiento fueron similares (P > 0,05 con tasas de crecimiento absoluta (AGR de 7,0 ± 0,91 (g d-1 y 6,6 ± 1,10 (g d-1 respectivamente. Los pulpos alimentados con la dieta A registraron mortalidad de 33,3% y tasa de crecimiento absoluta negativa, AGR= -1,70 ± 0,37 (g d-1. La dieta A que contenía como ingrediente pellet para salmón molido como harina no tuvo una adecuada aceptación y los ejemplares experimentaron disminución de su peso. La dieta B preparada con gelatina de origen animal como aglutinante, no implicó un efecto negativo en la palatabilidad y aceptabilidad en comparación al control basada en almeja fresca congelada, incluso los organismos lograron crecimientos similares. Los resultados permitirán a futuro mejorar la calidad nutricional de dietas artificiales para maximizar el crecimiento de O. mimus en cautiverio.The growth and survival of juvenile octopus, Octopus mimus, from northern Chile, fed three different diets were analyze during 57 days. Two of the diets (A and B were wet diets stuffed in lamb gut with a gelatin solution, and the third (C was

Analysis on Lung Cancer Survival from 2001 to 2007 in Qidong, China

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jian ZHU

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Background and objective Lung cancer is one of the most important malignancies in China. Survival rates of lung cancer on the population-based cancer registry for the years 2001-2007 in Qidong were analysed in order to provide the basis for the prognosis assessment and the control of this cancer. Methods Total 4,451 registered lung cancer cases was followed up to December 31st, 2009. Death certificates only (DCO cases were excluded, leaving 4,382 cases for survival analysis. Cumulative observed survival rate (OS and relative survival rate (RS were calculated using Hakulinen’s method performed by the SURV 3.01 software developed at the Finnish Cancer Registry. Results The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 23.73%, 11.89%, 10.01%, and the RS rates were 24.86%, 13.69%, 12.73%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year RS of males vs females were 23.70% vs 27.89%, 12.58% vs 16.53%, and 11.73% vs 15.21%, respectively, with statisitically significant differences (χ2=13.77, P=0.032. RS of age groups of 15-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74 and 75+ were 35.46%, 17.66%, 11.97%, 13.49%, 10.61%, 15.14%, respectively. Remarkable improvement could be seen for the 5-year RS in this setting if compared with that for the years 1972-2000. Conclusion The lung cancer survival outcomes in Qidong have been improved gradually for the past decades. Further measures on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer should be taken.

Interaction between Didelphis albiventris and Triatoma infestans in relation to Trypanosoma cruzi transmission

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicolás J. Schweigmann

1995-12-01

Full Text Available This paper attempts to prove if a high Trypanosoma cruzi prevalence of opossums might be reached with few potential infective contacts. One non-infected Didelphis albiventris to T. cruzi and 10 infected nymphs of Triatoma infestans were left together during 23 hr in a device that simulated a natural opossum burrow. Twenty-six replicates were perfomed using marsupials and triatomines only once. Potentially infective contacts occurred in all the trials. From the 26 opossums used in trials, 54% did not eat any bug. Of the 260 bugs used, 21% were predated. In the 25 trials involving 205 surving bugs, 36 % of them did not feed. In 15/25 cases, maior ou igual a 60% of the triatomines were able to feed. The parasitological follow-up of 24 opossums showed that among 10 that had eaten bugs, 4 turned out infected and among the 14 that had not predate, 3 (21% became positive. In sum, 7/24 (29% of the marsupials acquired the infection after the experiment. This infection rate was similar to the prevalences found for the opossum population of Santiago del Estero, Argentina, suggesting that the prevalences observed in the field might be reached if each marsupial would encounter infected bugs just once in its lifetime.

Roundway, Wiltshire County Asylum attendants and nurses, 1881-1905: a window onto Victorian sobriety.

Science.gov (United States)

Russell, D

2000-01-01

The only detailed surving Male and Female Registers of Roundway provide a rich documentary glimpse of nineteenth century mental health care staff. An analysis is made of what constituted desirable behavior and problems occurring in the workplace. More primary source material has been gathered from visitors books, medical superintendents' reports, patient case records, admission/discharge registers and account books. An attempt will be made to show how the dominant characteristics of Victorianism shaped the lives of the staff. Religion, morality and personal qualities appear more influential than scientific inquiry in determining the pattern of events. The 'Asylum for the Pauper Insane of the County of Wiltshire' later came to be called 'Roundway Hospital'. It is commonly remembered as 'Roundway' and that is how it is referred to here. The nursing staff changed their titles in minor ways during the period considered, but for convenience the dominant titles - 'attendants' for men and 'nurses' for women - are used. The period chosen, 1881-1905, begins from when Dr John Bowes was appointed Medical Superintendent and started to write in the new Staff Registers. The period finishes when he ceased to make entries. There are no detailed registers for any other nineteenth century period.

Marginal Bayesian nonparametric model for time to disease arrival of threatened amphibian populations.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhou, Haiming; Hanson, Timothy; Knapp, Roland

2015-12-01

The global emergence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) has caused the extinction of hundreds of amphibian species worldwide. It has become increasingly important to be able to precisely predict time to Bd arrival in a population. The data analyzed herein present a unique challenge in terms of modeling because there is a strong spatial component to Bd arrival time and the traditional proportional hazards assumption is grossly violated. To address these concerns, we develop a novel marginal Bayesian nonparametric survival model for spatially correlated right-censored data. This class of models assumes that the logarithm of survival times marginally follow a mixture of normal densities with a linear-dependent Dirichlet process prior as the random mixing measure, and their joint distribution is induced by a Gaussian copula model with a spatial correlation structure. To invert high-dimensional spatial correlation matrices, we adopt a full-scale approximation that can capture both large- and small-scale spatial dependence. An efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm with delayed rejection is proposed for posterior computation, and an R package spBayesSurv is provided to fit the model. This approach is first evaluated through simulations, then applied to threatened frog populations in Sequoia-Kings Canyon National Park. © 2015, The International Biometric Society.

Qualidade pós-colheita em brotos de palma de diferentes cultivares

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Daniel Pereira Lima

2017-06-01

Full Text Available A palma pertencente à família das cactáceas, sendo de origem mexicana. No Nordeste brasileiro, o broto de palma faz parte da dieta alimentar da população de alguns municípios. Com isso objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita dos brotos de palma proveniente de diferentes cultivares. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no Centro de Ciências e Humanas Sociais e Agrárias, Bananeiras, Paraíba, pertencente à Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Foram utilizados brotos das cultivares Gigante (Opuntia ficus indica Mill., Redonda (Opuntia ficus indica L., Orelha de Elefante (Opuntia tuna (L. Mill. e Miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera (L. Salm-Dyck. Os brotos foram colhidos em propriedades rurais às 6:00 horas e transportados ao laboratório, onde foram eliminados os acúleos e lavados. Realizou-se as análises em triplicata dos teores de ácido ascórbico (AA, de acidez titulável (AT e de sólidos solúveis (SS, pH, umidade e condutividade elétrica. Os brotos de palma da variedade Gigante foram os que apresentaram as melhores características, atribuído ao maior conteúdo de ácido ascórbico e ao melhor equilíbrio entre os açúcares (SS e os ácidos (AT.

Photodynamic inactivation of foodborne bacteria by eosin Y.

Science.gov (United States)

Bonin, E; Dos Santos, A R; Fiori da Silva, A; Ribeiro, L H; Favero, M E; Campanerut-Sá, P A Z; de Freitas, C F; Caetano, W; Hioka, N; Mikcha, J M G

2018-03-25

The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of photodynamic inactivation mediated by eosin Y in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium ATCC 14028, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778. Bacteria (10 7 CFU per ml) were incubated with eosin Y at concentrations ranging from 0·1 to 10 μmol l -1 , irradiated by green LED (λ max 490-570 nm) for 5, 10 and 15 min and the cellular viability was determined. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was completely inactivated when treated with 10 μmol l -1 eosin Y for 10 min. Treatments reduced B. cereus and Salm. Typhimurium counts to 2·7 log CFU per ml and 1·7 log CFU per ml, respectively. Escherichia coli counts were slightly reduced. Staphylococcus aureus presented the highest sensitivity, being completely inactivated by eosin Y at 5 μmol l -1 and 5 min of illumination. The reduction of cellular viability of photoinactivated Staph. aureus was also demonstrated by flow cytometry and morphological changes were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Eosin Y in combination with LED produced bacterial inactivation, being a potential candidate for photodynamic inactivation. This study evidenced the efficacy of photodynamic inactivation as a novel and promising alternative to bacterial control. © 2018 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Antimicrobial lectin from Schinus terebinthifolius leaf.

Science.gov (United States)

Gomes, F S; Procópio, T F; Napoleão, T H; Coelho, L C B B; Paiva, P M G

2013-03-01

Schinus terebinthifolius leaves are used for treating human diseases caused by micro-organisms. This work reports the isolation, characterization and antimicrobial activity of S. terebinthifolius leaf lectin (SteLL). The isolation procedure involved protein extraction with 0.15 mol l(-1) NaCl, filtration through activated charcoal and chromatography of the filtrate on a chitin column. SteLL is a 14-kDa glycopeptide with haemagglutinating activity that is inhibited by N-acetyl-glucosamine, not affected by ions (Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)) and stable upon heating (30-100 °C) as well as over the pH 5.0-8.0. The antimicrobial effect of SteLL was evaluated by determining the minimal inhibitory (MIC), bactericide (MBC) and fungicide (MFC) concentrations. Lectin was active against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis and Staphylococcus aureus. Highest bacteriostatic and bactericide effects were detected for Salm. enteritidis (MIC: 0.45 μg ml(-1)) and Staph. aureus (MBC: 7.18 μg ml(-1)), respectively. SteLL impaired the growth (MIC: 6.5 μg ml(-1)) and survival (MFC: 26 μg ml(-1)) of Candida albicans. SteLL, a chitin-binding lectin, purified in milligram quantities, showed antimicrobial activity against medically important bacteria and fungi. SteLL can be considered as a new biomaterial for potential antimicrobial applications. © 2012 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Frequency of human bocavirus (HBoV) infection among children with febrile respiratory symptoms in Argentina, Nicaragua and Peru

Science.gov (United States)

Salmón‐Mulanovich, Gabriela; Sovero, Merly; Laguna‐Torres, V. Alberto; Kochel, Tadeusz J.; Lescano, Andres G.; Chauca, Gloria; Sanchez, J. Felix; Rodriguez, Francisco; Parrales, Eduardo; Ocaña, Victor; Barrantes, Melvin; Blazes, David L.; Montgomery, Joel M.

2010-01-01

Please cite this paper as: Salmón‐Mulanovich et al. (2010) Frequency of human bocavirus (HBoV) infection among children with febrile respiratory symptoms in Argentina, Nicaragua and Peru. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 5(1), 1–5. Background  Globally, respiratory infections are the primary cause of illness in developing countries, specifically among children; however, an etiological agent for many of these illnesses is rarely identified. Objectives  Our study aimed to estimate the frequency of human bocavirus (HBoV) infection among pediatric populations in Argentina, Nicaragua and Peru. Methods  We conducted a cross‐sectional study using stored samples of an influenza‐like illness surveillance program. Irrespective of previous diagnosis, nasopharyngeal or nasal swab specimens were randomly selected and tested using real‐time PCR from three sites during 2007 from patients younger than 6 years old. Results  A total of 568 specimens from Argentina (185), Nicaragua (192) and Peru (191) were tested. The prevalence of HBoV was 10·8% (95% CI: 6·3; 15·3) in Argentina, 33·3% in Nicaragua (95% CI: 26·6; 40·1) and 25·1% in Peru (95% CI: 18·9; 31·3). Conclusions  These findings demonstrate circulation of HBoV in Argentina, Nicaragua and Peru among children with influenza‐like symptoms enrolled in a sentinel surveillance program. PMID:21138534

First international external quality assessment of molecular detection of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Camille Escadafal

Full Text Available Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF is a zoonosis caused by a Nairovirus of the family Bunyaviridae. Infection is transmitted to humans mostly by Hyalomma ticks and also by direct contact with the blood or tissues of infected humans or viremic livestock. Clinical features usually include a rapid progression characterized by hemorrhage, myalgia and fever, with a lethality rate up to 30%. CCHF is one of the most widely distributed viral hemorrhagic fevers and has been reported in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, as well as parts of Europe. There is no approved vaccine or specific treatment against CCHF virus (CCHFV infections. In this context, an accurate diagnosis as well as a reliable surveillance of CCHFV infections is essential. Diagnostic techniques include virus culture, serology and molecular methods, which are now increasingly used. The European Network for the Diagnostics of "Imported" Viral Diseases organized the first international external quality assessment of CCHVF molecular diagnostics in 2011 to assess the efficiency and accurateness of CCHFV molecular methods applied by expert laboratories. A proficiency test panel of 15 samples was distributed to the participants including 10 different CCHFV preparations generated from infected cell cultures, a preparation of plasmid cloned with the nucleoprotein of CCHFV, two CCHFV RNA preparations and two negative controls. Forty-four laboratories worldwide participated in the EQA study and 53 data sets were received. Twenty data sets (38% met all criteria with optimal performance, 10 (19% with acceptable performance, while 23 (43% reported results showing a need for improvement. Differences in performance depended on the method used, the type of strain tested, the concentration of the sample tested and the laboratory performing the test. These results indicate that there is still a need for improving testing conditions and standardizing protocols for the molecular detection of Crimean

National surveillance and control costs for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in poultry: A benefit-cost assessment for a developing economy, Nigeria.

Science.gov (United States)

Fasanmi, Olubunmi G; Kehinde, Olugbenga O; Laleye, Agnes T; Ekong, Bassey; Ahmed, Syed S U; Fasina, Folorunso O

2018-06-13

We conducted benefit-cost analysis of outbreak and surveillance costs for HPAI H5N1in poultry in Nigeria. Poultry's death directly cost US$ 939,734.0 due to outbreaks. The integrated disease surveillance and response originally created for comprehensive surveillance and laboratory investigation of human diseases was adapted for HPAI H5N1 in poultry. Input data were obtained from the field, government documents and repositories and peer-reviewed publications. Actual/forecasted bird numbers lost were integrated into a financial model and estimates of losses were calculated. Costs of surveillance as alternative intervention were determined based on previous outbreak control costs and outputs were generated in SurvCost® with sensitivity analyses for different scenarios. Uncontrolled outbreaks will lead to loss of over US$ 2.2 billion annually in Nigeria with 47.8% of the losses coming from eggs. The annual cost of all animal related health activities was cost was 96.2% of the total surveillance and response costs, and 31.0% of the HPAI surveillance cost was spent on personnel with 3.8% as capital cost. Cost-wisely, routine monitoring and surveillance for HPAI are 68 times more cost effective than to do nothing. Assuming that successful control and eradication of HPAI H5N1 is partially attributable to H5N1 surveillance and response, a quarter or half of the success will result in 17 or 34 times more benefits. Although animal surveillance and response activities for avian influenza appeared expensive, their implementation are economically cost beneficial for developing countries. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Point-of-care testing (POCT) and evidence-based laboratory medicine (EBLM) - does it leverage any advantage in clinical decision making?

Science.gov (United States)

Florkowski, Christopher; Don-Wauchope, Andrew; Gimenez, Nuria; Rodriguez-Capote, Karina; Wils, Julien; Zemlin, Annalise

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is the analysis of patient specimens outside the clinical laboratory, near or at the site of patient care, usually performed by clinical staff without laboratory training, although it also encompasses patient self-monitoring. It is able to provide a rapid result near the patient and which can be acted upon immediately. The key driver is the concept that clinical decision making may be delayed when samples are sent to the clinical laboratory. Balanced against this are considerations of increased costs for purchase and maintenance of equipment, staff training, connectivity to the laboratory information system (LIS), quality control (QC) and external quality assurance (EQA) procedures, all required for accreditation under ISO 22870. The justification for POCT depends upon being able to demonstrate that a more timely result (shorter turnaround times (TATs)) is able to leverage a clinically important advantage in decision making compared with the central laboratory (CL). In the four decades since POCT was adapted for the self-monitoring of blood glucose levels by subjects with diabetes, numerous new POCT methodologies have become available, enabling the clinician to receive results and initiate treatment more rapidly. However, these instruments are often operated by staff not trained in laboratory medicine and hence are prone to errors in the analytical phase (as opposed to laboratory testing where the analytical phase has the least errors). In some environments, particularly remote rural settings, the CL may be at a considerable distance and timely availability of cardiac troponins and other analytes can triage referrals to the main centers, thus avoiding expensive unnecessary patient transportation costs. However, in the Emergency Department, availability of more rapid results with POCT does not always translate into shorter stays due to other barriers to implementation of care. In this review, we apply the principles of evidence

Mass movement-induced tsunamis: main effects during the Patagonian Fjordland seismic crisis in Aisén (45°25'S, Chile Tsunamis inducidos por movimientos en masa: principales efectos durante la crisis sísmica de la Patagonia Archipelágica en Aisén (45°25' S, Chile

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

José Antonio Naranjo

2009-01-01

Full Text Available The epicentre of the long-lasting seismic crisis started on the evening of January 22,2007 and it was located 20 km to the west of Puerto Chacabuco in the Patagonian fjordland, Chile (45°25'S. Approximately 7,000 events were recorded up to early May, four of which reached magnitudes greater than 5 (Richter, with local intensities up to VII in Puerto Chacabuco and Puerto Aisén and VI in Coihaique. The seismic swarm was located within the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone (LOFZ, which controls the emplacement of several monogenetic volcanic cones and larger stratovolcanoes. The January 23 (Ms 5,2 and April 1 (Ms 5,4 events caused minor damages in salmón industry installations near the epicentral zone, however the earthquake that oceurred at 13:54 hours (local time on April 21 (Mw 6,2 triggered various mass movements on the Fiordo Aisén slopes and generated tsunamis. Debris flows and tsunami waves caused the death of three people and the disappearance of seven, in addition to severe damages to the salmón industry installations. A similar phenomenon had oceurred in 1927, but then fewer people inhabited the área. Initially, confusión dominated the scientific coordination of the emergeney management due to seismic data misinterpretation.En la noche del 22 de enero de 2007 comenzó una crisis sísmica, cuyos epicentros se localizaron principalmente en el fiordo Aisén, a unos 20 km al noroeste de Puerto Chacabuco, en la zona archipelágica de Patagonia, en Chile (45°25'S. Hasta comienzos de mayo, los sismógrafos habían registrado cerca de 7.000 sismos, de los cuales cuatro habían sobrepasado la magnitud 5 (Richter, con intensidades locales de hasta VII en Puerto Chacabuco y Puerto Aisén y VI en Coihaique. El enjambre sísmico está asociado a estructuras geológicas de la Zona de Falla Liquiñe-Ofqui (ZFLO la cual, además, controla el emplazamiento de numerosos conos volcánicos, así como estratovolcanes mayores. Aunque los sismos del 23 de enero

The AquaDEB project (phase I): Analysing the physiological flexibility of aquatic species and connecting physiological diversity to ecological and evolutionary processes by using Dynamic Energy Budgets

Science.gov (United States)

Alunno-Bruscia, Marianne; van der Veer, Henk W.; Kooijman, Sebastiaan A. L. M.

2009-08-01

The European Research Project AquaDEB (2007-2011, http://www.ifremer.fr/aquadeb/) is joining skills and expertise of some French and Dutch research institutes and universities to analyse the physiological flexibility of aquatic organisms and to link it to ecological and evolutionary processes within a common theoretical framework for quantitative bioenergetics [Kooijman, S.A.L.M., 2000. Dynamic energy and mass budgets in biological systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge]. The main scientific objectives in AquaDEB are i) to study and compare the sensitivity of aquatic species (mainly molluscs and fish) to environmental variability of natural or human origin, and ii) to evaluate the related consequences at different biological levels (individual, population, ecosystem) and temporal scales (life cycle, population dynamics, evolution). At mid-term life, the AquaDEB collaboration has already yielded interesting results by quantifying bio-energetic processes of various aquatic species (e.g. molluscs, fish, crustaceans, algae) with a single mathematical framework. It has also allowed to federate scientists with different backgrounds, e.g. mathematics, microbiology, ecology, chemistry, and working in different fields, e.g. aquaculture, fisheries, ecology, agronomy, ecotoxicology, climate change. For the two coming years, the focus of the AquaDEB collaboration will be in priority: (i) to compare energetic and physiological strategies among species through the DEB parameter values and to identify the factors responsible for any differences in bioenergetics and physiology; and to compare dynamic (DEB) versus static (SEB) energy models to study the physiological performance of aquatic species; (ii) to consider different scenarios of environmental disruption (excess of nutrients, diffuse or massive pollution, exploitation by man, climate change) to forecast effects on growth, reproduction and survival of key species; (iii) to scale up the models for a few species from

FACTORES DE ÉXITO EN PROVEEDORES DE BIENES MANUFACTURADOS DE LA SALMONICULTURA CHILENA SUCCESS FACTORS IN SUPPLIERS OF MANUFACTURES WITHIN THE CHILEAN SALMON INDUSTRY

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Carlos Torres Fuchslocher

2009-04-01

Full Text Available Este artículo analiza, en base a un trabajo empírico, los principales factores a nivel de la empresa que han determinado el éxito de los proveedores locales de manufacturas, en términos de participación de mercado, en el cluster del salmón en Chile. La investigación envolvió un levantamiento de material empírico a través de 50 entrevistas, las cuales fueron evaluadas cualitativamente y por medio de un análisis econométrico de corte transversal, usando variables explicativas cualitativas. Los resultados destacan la especialización sectorial, la innovación en productos especializados para la industria y la cooperación horizontal, dentro de la estrategia de entrada; y la antigüedad de la empresa, la capacidad de innovación interna, la capacidad financiera (capacidad de otorgar crédito a clientes y bajo nivel de endeudamiento y la diversificación de la cartera productos, dentro de la competitividad previa, como determinantes del éxito de los proveedores.This article analyses the main factors at the firm-level which have determined the success, in terms of market share, of manufacture suppliers within the Chilean salmon industry. The analysis is based on data collected in an empirical research that included 50 interviews with suppliers. The data was evaluated through both a qualitative analysis and a cross section econometric analysis. The results show the importance of sectoral specialization, the innovation on specialized products for the aquaculture industry and horizontal cooperation within the entry strategy of firms, whereas the firm's age, the internal innovation capabilities, the own capital and the diversification of product portfolio were the main competitive factors before the entry.

Study of silver nanoparticles synthesized by acidophilic strain of Actinobacteria isolated from the of Picea sitchensis forest soil.

Science.gov (United States)

Railean-Plugaru, V; Pomastowski, P; Wypij, M; Szultka-Mlynska, M; Rafinska, K; Golinska, P; Dahm, H; Buszewski, B

2016-05-01

In the present work the acidophilic actinobacteria strain was used as a novel reducing agent for the cheap, green and single-step synthesis of nanostructure silver particles. Structural, morphological and optical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized by spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy approach. The antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles against clinical strains such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Salmonella infantis alone and in combination with antibiotics were studied. The crystalline and stable biosynthesized silver nanoparticles ranged in size from 4 to 45 nm and were mostly spherical in shape being characterized evolving several analytical techniques. The bioAgNPs inhibited growth of most bacterial strains. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against Ps. aeruginosa (10 mm), followed by Staph. aureus, B. subtilis and Pr. mirabilis (all 8 mm). The lower activity was noticed for E. coli and Kl. pneumoniae (6 and 2 mm, respectively). Moreover, the synergistic effect of bio(AgNPs) with various commercially available antibiotics was also evaluated. The most significant results were observed for bio(AgNPs) combined with tetracycline, kanamycin, ampicillin and neomycin, followed by streptomycin and gentamycin against E. coli, Salm. infantis and Kl. pneumoniae. The most resistant bacteria to commercial antibiotics was Pr. mirabilis. The Streptacidiphilus sp. strain CGG11n isolated from acidic soil can be used to efficiently synthesize the bioactive nanoparticles using inexpensive substances in an eco-friendly and nontoxic manner. The present work provides helpful insight into the development of new antimicrobial agents with the synergistic enhancement of the antibacterial mechanism against pathogenic micro-organisms. The synthesized silver bionanoparticles from Streptacidiphilus sp. strain

DISRUPTION OF STAR CLUSTERS IN THE INTERACTING ANTENNAE GALAXIES

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Karl, Simon J.; Naab, Thorsten; Fall, S. Michael

2011-01-01

We re-examine the age distribution of star clusters in the Antennae in the context of N-body+hydrodynamical simulations of these interacting galaxies. All of the simulations that account for the observed morphology and other properties of the Antennae have star formation rates that vary relatively slowly with time, by factors of only 1.3-2.5 in the past 10 8 yr. In contrast, the observed age distribution of the clusters declines approximately as a power law, dN/dτ∝τ γ with γ = -1.0, for ages 10 6 yr ∼ 9 yr. These two facts can only be reconciled if the clusters are disrupted progressively for at least ∼10 8 yr and possibly ∼10 9 yr. When we combine the simulated formation rates with a power-law model, f surv ∝τ δ , for the fraction of clusters that survive to each age τ, we match the observed age distribution with exponents in the range -0.9 ∼< δ ∼< -0.6 (with a slightly different δ for each simulation). The similarity between δ and γ indicates that dN/dτ is shaped mainly by the disruption of clusters rather than variations in their formation rate. Thus, the situation in the interacting Antennae resembles that in relatively quiescent galaxies such as the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds.

Renal and cardiovascular risk predictive value of two different microalbuminuria screening methods in patients with hypertension with/without diabetes in Portugal.

Science.gov (United States)

Polónia, J; Carvalho, D; Nazaré, J; Martins, L; da Silva, P M; Aguiar, C; Manso, M C; Carqueja, T

2016-11-01

MicRoAlbuminuria sCreening survEy (RACE) was a multicentre, observational, cross-sectional study conducted in primary health-care settings of Portugal. Here, we present a post-hoc analysis from the RACE study, assessing the renal and cardiovascular (CV) risk predictive value of two different microalbuminuria (MA) screening methods, nephelometry with 24-h urine (MA-24 h) and Micral test with occasional urine (MicralA) in patients with hypertension (HTN) with/without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Out of 3065 patients, 1173 (38.3%) were in the HTN group without T2DM (HTN) and 1892 (61.7%) in the HTN group with T2DM (HTN+T2DM). The overall prevalence of MA was 50.6% determined by MicralA and 22.1% with MA-24 h. Urinary albumin excretion data obtained by both techniques correlated significantly (r s =0.586; Pvalue of 41% and negative predictive value of 97%. With both methods, the presence of MA was independently associated with a higher risk (1.5- to 2.9-fold) of CV and renal organ damage in both HTN and HTN+T2DM groups. MicralA, due to its high sensitivity and negative predictive value, can be considered as a valid and reliable method for MA screening in patients with HTN with/without T2DM.

Implementación, validación y aplicación de un nuevo método para la determinación de oxitetraciclina por HPLC en tejido muscular de salmonídeos Implementation, validation, and application of a new HPLC method to determine oxytetracycline in salmonid muscle tissue

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristian Aguilera

2010-01-01

Full Text Available Se implementa y valida un método para identificar y cuantificar la oxitetraciclina en músculo de salmón, cuantificar los niveles de recuperación de oxitetraciclina y estudiar su fármaco cinética en diferentes órganos de salmones. La implementación correspondió a la detección y cuantificación de residuos del antibiótico en el tejido muscular de salmonídeos. El principio de la metodología HPLC incluyó la determinación de una serie de soluciones representativas de los estándares utilizados en la fortificación de las muestras. El tiempo de retención fue de 5,7 min. La validación del método, busca confirmar y documentar que los resultados entregados por el método implementado sean confiables. Para esto se llevaron a cabo análisis de parámetros tales como: selectividad, precisión, exactitud, sensibilidad e incertidumbre. Los resultados obtenidos señalan que el porcentaje de recuperación, es de un 96%. El coeficiente de correlación (R de la curva de calibrado es 0,9946 y el coeficiente de variación 1,86%.A method for identifying and quantifying oxytetracycline in salmon muscle, for quantifying oxytetracycline recovery levels, and for studying its pharmacokinetic in different organs of salmonids was implemented and validated. During implementation, antibiotic residues were detected and quantified in salmon muscle tissue. The principle of the HPLC methodology included determining a series of representative solutions of the standards, used to fortify the samples. The retention time was 5.7 min. The validation of the method sought to confirm and document the reliability of the results obtained with this method. For this, several parameters (selectivity, precision, accuracy, sensitivity, uncertainty were analyzed. The results obtained indicated 96% recovery. The coefficient of correlation (R of the calibration curve was 0.9946 and the coefficient of variation was 1.86%.

External quality assessment on detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in clinical laboratories of China.

Science.gov (United States)

Wang, Lu-nan; Zhang, Rui; Shen, Zi-yu; Chen, Wen-xiang; Li, Jin-ming

2008-06-05

As with many studies carried out in European countries, a quality assurance program has been established by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories in China (NCCL). The results showed that the external quality assessment significantly improves laboratory performance for quantitative evaluation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA. Serum panels were delivered twice annually to the clinical laboratories which performed HCV RNA detection in China. Each panel made up of 5 coded samples. All laboratories were requested to carry out the detection within the required time period and report on testing results which contained qualitative and/or quantitative test findings, reagents used and relevant information about apparatus. All the positive samples were calibrated against the first International Standard for HCV RNA in a collaborative study and the range of comparison target value (TG) designated as +/- 0.5 log. The numbers of laboratories reporting on qualitative testing results for the first and second time external quality assessment were 168 and 167 in the year of 2003 and increased to 209 and 233 in 2007; the numbers of laboratories reporting on quantitative testing results were 134 and 147 in 2003 and rose to 340 and 339 in 2007. Deviation between the mean value for quantitative results at home in 2003 and the target value was above 0.5 log, which was comparatively high. By 2007, the target value was close to the national average except for the low concentrated specimens (10(3) IU/ml). The percentage of results within the range of GM +/- 0.5 log(10) varied from 8.2% to 93.5%. Some laboratories had some difficulties in the exact quantification of the lowest (3.00 log IU/ml) as well as of the highest viral levels (6.37 log IU/ml) values, very near to the limits of the dynamic range of the assays. The comparison of these results with the previous study confirms that a regular participation in external quality assessment (EQA) assures the achievement of a high

Use and knowledge of Cactaceae in Northeastern Brazil.

Science.gov (United States)

Lucena, Camilla Marques de; Lucena, Reinaldo Farias Paiva de; Costa, Gabriela Maciel; Carvalho, Thamires Kelly Nunes; Costa, Gyslaynne Gomes da Silva; Alves, Rômulo Romeu da Nóbrega; Pereira, Daniel Duarte; Ribeiro, João Everthon da Silva; Alves, Carlos Antônio Belarmino; Quirino, Zelma Glebya Maciel; Nunes, Ernane Nogueira

2013-08-28

This study aimed to record the use, and knowledge that residents from São Francisco community (Paraiba, Brazil) have regarding the Cactaceae. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 118 informants; 50 men and 68 women. The cacti cited in this study were organised into use categories and use values were calculated. Differences in the values applied to species and use categories by men and women were compared via a G test (Williams). The nine species identified were: Cereus jamacaru DC., Melocactus bahiensis (Brtitton & Rose) Luetzelb., Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck., Opuntia ficus indica (L.) Mill, Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw., Pilosocereus gounellei (F.A.C. Weber) Byles & Rowley, Pilosocereus pachycladus F. Ritter, Tacinga inamoena (K. Schum) N.P. Taylor & Stuppy, Tacinga palmadora (Britton & Rose) N.P. Taylor & Stuppy. In total, 1,129 use citations were recorded, divided into 11 categories. The use value categories with the highest scores were forage (0.42), food (0.30) and construction (building) (0.25). P. pachycladus showed the greatest use value, versatility and number of plant parts used. The survey showed that the Cactaceae is extremely important for several uses and categories attributed to different species. Apart from contributing to the ethnobotanical knowledge of the Cactaceae, another important focus of this study was to reinforce the necessity for further studies that record the traditional knowledge about this plant family, which has been lost in younger generations.

1998 results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gadonneix, P.

1998-01-01

This document presents the financial and commercial results of Gaz de France (GdF) company for 1998. The following points are presented successively: financial results (budget results, turnover, self-financing capacity, investments, debt situation), commercial results (some remarkable numbers and records, the tertiary and residential market, the industrial market, cogeneration and natural gas for vehicles), the strategy, 1998 realizations and perspectives (the natural gas energy in the 21. century, the development of GdF, the gas distribution and services (development of the French distribution system, export of the know-how, development of services), the transportation and storage systems threw Europe (densification of the pipeline network, the key-position of France, the north-south equilibrium of the distribution network), the natural gas production by GdF, the diversification of supplies, and the main daughter companies abroad). (J.S.)

Evaluation of the performance of a micromethod for measuring urinary iodine by using six sigma quality metrics.

Science.gov (United States)

Hussain, Husniza; Khalid, Norhayati Mustafa; Selamat, Rusidah; Wan Nazaimoon, Wan Mohamud

2013-09-01

The urinary iodine micromethod (UIMM) is a modification of the conventional method and its performance needs evaluation. UIMM performance was evaluated using the method validation and 2008 Iodine Deficiency Disorders survey data obtained from four urinary iodine (UI) laboratories. Method acceptability tests and Sigma quality metrics were determined using total allowable errors (TEas) set by two external quality assurance (EQA) providers. UIMM obeyed various method acceptability test criteria with some discrepancies at low concentrations. Method validation data calculated against the UI Quality Program (TUIQP) TEas showed that the Sigma metrics were at 2.75, 1.80, and 3.80 for 51±15.50 µg/L, 108±32.40 µg/L, and 149±38.60 µg/L UI, respectively. External quality control (EQC) data showed that the performance of the laboratories was within Sigma metrics of 0.85-1.12, 1.57-4.36, and 1.46-4.98 at 46.91±7.05 µg/L, 135.14±13.53 µg/L, and 238.58±17.90 µg/L, respectively. No laboratory showed a calculated total error (TEcalc)Sigma metrics at all concentrations. Only one laboratory had TEcalc

[The francophone Africa blood transfusion research network: a five-year report].

Science.gov (United States)

Tagny, Claude Tayou; Murphy, Edward L; Lefrère, Jean-Jacques

2014-03-01

There has been little blood safety research in sub-Saharan Africa, often consisting of local efforts whose findings had limited impact The "Francophone Africa Transfusion Research Network" was created in May 2007 with the objective of developing common evidence-based blood safety policies that may be adapted to each country's situation. The Group's activities to date have focused mainly on obtaining epidemiological and laboratory data on blood transfusion and on suggesting blood safety strategies, particularly in the field of TTIs. To carry out such research activities, the group works closely with the National Blood Transfusion Services (NBTS), the Regional Blood Transfusion Services (RBTS), the hospital blood banks (HBB) and collection stations. For the first 5years, four research priorities were identified: (i) descriptive studies of the characteristics of francophone African blood donors and blood centers; (ii) estimation of the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted major viral infections; (iii) an analysis of blood donor deferral strategies; and (iv) a description of TTI screening strategies and an external quality assurance system (EQAS) project. During this period, seven projects have been implemented at the national level and published and five multicenter studies were conducted and published. The present review reports the main observations and recommendations from those studies that could improve blood safety statute in Africa. Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier SAS.

The "normal" elongation of river basins

Science.gov (United States)

Castelltort, Sebastien

2013-04-01

The spacing between major transverse rivers at the front of Earth's linear mountain belts consistently scales with about half of the mountain half-width [1], despite strong differences in climate and rock uplift rates. Like other empirical measures describing drainage network geometry this result seems to indicate that the form of river basins, among other properties of landscapes, is invariant. Paradoxically, in many current landscape evolution models, the patterns of drainage network organization, as seen for example in drainage density and channel spacing, seem to depend on both climate [2-4] and tectonics [5]. Hovius' observation [1] is one of several unexplained "laws" in geomorphology that still sheds mystery on how water, and rivers in particular, shape the Earth's landscapes. This narrow range of drainage network shapes found in the Earth's orogens is classicaly regarded as an optimal catchment geometry that embodies a "most probable state" in the uplift-erosion system of a linear mountain belt. River basins currently having an aspect away from this geometry are usually considered unstable and expected to re-equilibrate over geological time-scales. Here I show that the Length/Width~2 aspect ratio of drainage basins in linear mountain belts is the natural expectation of sampling a uniform or normal distribution of basin shapes, and bears no information on the geomorphic processes responsible for landscape development. This finding also applies to Hack's [6] law of river basins areas and lengths, a close parent of Hovius' law. [1]Hovius, N. Basin Res. 8, 29-44 (1996) [2]Simpson, G. & Schlunegger, F. J. Geophys. Res. 108, 2300 (2003) [3]Tucker, G. & Bras, R. Water Resour. Res. 34, 2751-2764 (1998) [4]Tucker, G. & Slingerland, R. Water Resour. Res. 33, 2031-2047 (1997) [5]Tucker, G. E. & Whipple, K. X. J. Geophys. Res. 107, 1-1 (2002) [6]Hack, J. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 294-B (1957)

Total 2004 results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-02-01

This document presents the 2004 results of Total Group: consolidated account, special items, number of shares, market environment, adjustment for amortization of Sanofi-Aventis merger-related intangibles, 4. quarter 2004 results (operating and net incomes, cash flow), upstream (results, production, reserves, recent highlights), downstream (results, refinery throughput, recent highlights), chemicals (results, recent highlights), Total's full year 2004 results (operating and net income, cash flow), 2005 sensitivities, Total SA parent company accounts and proposed dividend, adoption of IFRS accounting, summary and outlook, main operating information by segment for the 4. quarter and full year 2004: upstream (combined liquids and gas production by region, liquids production by region, gas production by region), downstream (refined product sales by region, chemicals), Total financial statements: consolidated statement of income, consolidated balance sheet (assets, liabilities and shareholder's equity), consolidated statements of cash flows, business segments information. (J.S.)

results

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Salabura Piotr

2017-01-01

Full Text Available HADES experiment at GSI is the only high precision experiment probing nuclear matter in the beam energy range of a few AGeV. Pion, proton and ion beams are used to study rare dielectron and strangeness probes to diagnose properties of strongly interacting matter in this energy regime. Selected results from p + A and A + A collisions are presented and discussed.

Total 2004 results

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2005-02-01

This document presents the 2004 results of Total Group: consolidated account, special items, number of shares, market environment, adjustment for amortization of Sanofi-Aventis merger-related intangibles, 4. quarter 2004 results (operating and net incomes, cash flow), upstream (results, production, reserves, recent highlights), downstream (results, refinery throughput, recent highlights), chemicals (results, recent highlights), Total's full year 2004 results (operating and net income, cash flow), 2005 sensitivities, Total SA parent company accounts and proposed dividend, adoption of IFRS accounting, summary and outlook, main operating information by segment for the 4. quarter and full year 2004: upstream (combined liquids and gas production by region, liquids production by region, gas production by region), downstream (refined product sales by region, chemicals), Total financial statements: consolidated statement of income, consolidated balance sheet (assets, liabilities and shareholder's equity), consolidated statements of cash flows, business segments information. (J.S.)

SAGE results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gavrin, V.N.

1996-01-01

The Russian-American Gallium solar neutrino Experiment (SAGE) is described. The solar neutrino flux measured by 31 extractions through October, 1993 is presented. The result of 69+/-10(stat)+5/-7(syst) SNU is to be compared with a Standard Solar Model prediction of 132 SNU. The initial results of a measurement of experimental efficiencies are also discussed by exposing the gallium target to neutrinos from an artificial source. The capture rate of neutrinos from this source is very close to that which is expected. The result can be expressed as a ratio of the measured capture rate to the anticipated rate from the source activity. This ratio is 0.93+0.15, -0.17 where the systematic and statistical errors have been combined. To first order the experimental efficiencies are in agreement with those determined during solar neutrino measurements and in previous auxiliary measurements. One must conclude that the discrepancy between the measured solar neutrino flux and that predicted by the solar models can not arise from an experimental artifact. (author)

Application of failure mode and effects analysis in a clinical chemistry laboratory.

Science.gov (United States)

Jiang, Yuanyuan; Jiang, Hongmin; Ding, Siyi; Liu, Qin

2015-08-25

Timely delivery of correct results has long been considered as the goal of quality management in clinical laboratory. With increasing workload as well as complexities of laboratory testing and patient care, the traditional technical adopted like internal quality control (IQC) and external quality assessment (EQA) may not enough to cope with quality management problems for clinical laboratories. We applied failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), a proactive tool, to reduce errors associated with the process beginning with sample collection and ending with a test report in a clinical chemistry laboratory. Our main objection was to investigate the feasibility of FMEA in a real-world situation, namely the working environment of hospital. A team of 8 people (3 laboratory workers, 2 couriers, 2 nurses, and 1 physician) from different departments who were involved in the testing process were recruited and trained. Their main responsibility was to analyze and score all possible clinical chemistry laboratory failures based on three aspects: the severity of the outcome (S), the likeliness of occurrence (O), and the probability of being detected (D). These three parameters were multiplied to calculate risk priority numbers (RPNs), which were used to prioritize remedial measures. Failure modes with RPN≥200 were deemed as high risk, meaning that they needed immediate corrective action. After modifications that were put, we compared the resulting RPN with the previous one. A total of 33 failure modes were identified. Many of the failure modes, including the one with the highest RPN (specimen hemolysis) appeared in the pre-analytic phase, whereas no high-risk failure modes (RPN≥200) were found during the analytic phase. High-priority risks were "sample hemolysis" (RPN, 336), "sample delivery delay" (RPN, 225), "sample volume error" (RPN, 210), "failure to release results in a timely manner" (RPN, 210), and "failure to identify or report critical results" (RPN, 200). The

Oil exploration and production offshore Sakhalin Island

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reed, I.C. [Sakhalin Energy Investment Company, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (Russian Federation)

2006-11-15

The offshore oil and gas exploration that is currently taking place on Sakhalin Island was discussed, with particular reference to the status of Sakhalin Energy and the challenges facing oil and exportation from the ice covered waters of Russia's Sea of Okhotsk. Sakhalin Energy, an incorporated joint venture of a consortium of companies, completed a feasibility study for oil production off the east coast of Sakhalin Island in December 1992. Sakhalin Energy has two fields, namely the Piltun Astokhskoye and Lunskoye fields. The Piltun Astokhskoye field is currently under production via the Molikpaq platform and the Lunskoye field and northern part of Piltun Astokhskoye field are currently being developed under the Phase 2 project. Since 1999, Sakhalin Energy has been producing oil from a caisson structure drilling rig which was fitted with ice protection shielding around the waterline in order to comply with Russian requirements. Production is via an undersea pipeline to a Single Anchor Leg Mooring (SALM) unit and then to a Floating Storage and Offloading unit (FSO). A brief outline of the structure was presented along with current ice management procedures and arrangements. In order to maximize the length of the production season, ice management is used to enable an early start and a late end to production. It was noted that great care is taken to ensure that the operations in ice are carried out with consideration of the environmentally sensitive area that is home to the endangered Western Gray Whale and Stellar Sea Eagle. 3 refs., 1 tab., 7 figs.

Annual results 2004

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2005-01-01

This 2004 annual evaluation of the french RTE company (electric power transport network) provides information on the 2004 results on: institutional information, financial results, customers and market, industrial resources, environment and consultation, human resources and international aspects. (A.L.B.)

688,112 statistical results: Content mining psychology articles for statistical test results

OpenAIRE

Hartgerink, C.H.J.

2016-01-01

In this data deposit, I describe a dataset that is the result of content mining 167,318 published articles for statistical test results reported according to the standards prescribed by the American Psychological Association (APA). Articles published by the APA, Springer, Sage, and Taylor & Francis were included (mining from Wiley and Elsevier was actively blocked). As a result of this content mining, 688,112 results from 50,845 articles were extracted. In order to provide a comprehensive set...

Tevatron physics results

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2007-01-01

I will summarize the physics results from the Tevatron experiments with particular emphasis on the experimental methods used in different kinds of analysis. In particular, the Tevatron is a proton-antiproton collider that has now accumulated more than 2 fb^-1 of luminosity in the two experiments, called CDF and D0. In this lecture I will review the results on inclusive productions of jets, W- and Z-bosons, the results in the flavor sector, the measurements of top production, searches for Higgs boson production and searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. In each case I will explain the basic experimental concepts and methods needed for making the measurement.

Total 2003 Results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2003-01-01

This document presents the 2003 results of Total Group: consolidated account, special items, number of shares, market environment, 4. quarter 2003 results, full year 2003 results, upstream (key figures, proved reserves), downstream key figures, chemicals key figures, parent company accounts and proposed dividends, 2004 sensitivities, summary and outlook, operating information by segment for the 4. quarter and full year 2003: upstream (combined liquids and gas production by region, liquids production by region, gas production by region), downstream (refinery throughput by region, refined product sales by region, chemicals), impact of allocating contribution of Cepsa to net operating income by business segment: equity in income (loss) and affiliates and other items, Total financial statements: consolidated statement of income, consolidated balance sheet (assets, liabilities and shareholder's equity), consolidated statements of cash flows, business segments information. (J.S.)

Ganil results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tamain, B.

1992-06-01

Recent Ganil results are presented: hot nuclei properties and multifragmentation, study of flow change around the inversion energy. Mesons and hard photons production are also briefly discussed. Correlations with studies that have been led in Saturne energy range, and the developments that can be foreseen in the future have been discussed

Extraordinary results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cicova, V.

2012-01-01

For the first time in the history, Slovenske elektrarne became the first winner in a new category Business and Biodiversity in the competition of European companies aimed at the environment protection. Excellent results were achieved by a long-term co-operation with the Tatras National Park, in particular in saving the endangered animals.

688,112 statistical results : Content mining psychology articles for statistical test results

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Hartgerink, C.H.J.

2016-01-01

In this data deposit, I describe a dataset that is the result of content mining 167,318 published articles for statistical test results reported according to the standards prescribed by the American Psychological Association (APA). Articles published by the APA, Springer, Sage, and Taylor & Francis

Planck 2015 results: I. Overview of products and scientific results

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Adam, R.; Ade, P. A R; Aghanim, N.

2016-01-01

Collaboration released the second set of cosmology products based ondata from the entire Planck mission, including both temperature and polarization, along with a set of scientific and technical papers and a web-based explanatory supplement. This paper gives an overview of the main characteristics of the data...... and the data products in the release, as well as the associated cosmological and astrophysical science results and papers. The data products include maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, diffuse foregrounds in temperature and polarization, catalogues of compact...... against the Planck data is described, along with a CMB lensing likelihood. Scientific results include cosmological parameters derived from CMB power spectra, gravitational lensing, and cluster counts, as well as constraints on inflation, non-Gaussianity, primordial magnetic fields, dark energy...

Reactor θ{sub 13} Results and Recent Results from FNAL Neutrino Experiments

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Johnson, R.A., E-mail: randy.johnson@uc.edu [Physics Department, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0011 (United States)

2014-08-15

The past year has been very exciting for neutrino physics. The last mixing angle, θ{sub 13}, has been measured by a number of experiments and is quite large. These experiments will, hopefully, continue reducing systematic and statistical errors in anticipation of statistically significant CP violation experiments. At Fermilab, MiniBooNE has finished its data run and has new results for electron antineutrino excesses; MINOS has done a combined fit for their ν{sub μ} disappearance measurements for neutrinos and antineutrinos (which are now consistent) and presented results for a sterile neutrino search; and Minerνa has presented its first cross section results.

The North Sea field development guide. V.1: Northern North Sea. V.2: Southern North Sea. 6. ed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1996-08-01

The 1997/8, sixth edition is the first to be divided into two volumes. Volume 1 covers the central and northern North Sea areas; volume 2 contains the southern North Sea as well as the Irish and German sectors. The pages are numbered consecutively over the two volumes, with page numbers greater than 702 contained in the second volume. There are three index sections. Main index. Arranged by national sector (UK, Norway etc.) Within each sector the entries are alphabetical by operator name. This index contains page numbers for the book entries: the other two index sections should be used with the main index to find the exact location of an entry; Index by field. If the reader knows a field name (e.g. Kittiwake) but not the operator or the national sector, this index will reference them; Index by installation. Each installation (''Fulmar SALM'', ''Togi'') is named, giving the operator, field and national sector where it is located. This index is also useful for locating particular kinds of installations, such as subsea completions; The book is intended to provide a factual overview of field development activity in the North Sea (a term loosely used to include the Irish Sea and the Baltic Sea). The aim is therefore to provide some background, specifications and history on every offshore installation in that area. Speculative or evaluative commentary is avoided where possible. No attempt has been made to forecast the form or probability of future developments, except in those few instances where announcements have been made by the oil company itself, and these are, clearly indicated. (UK)

El tiento en Cabezón. Reflexiones sobre el Tiento IV de “Antonio” contenido en el Libro de cifra Nueva de Venegas de Henestrosa

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Jambou, Louis

2014-12-01

Full Text Available After an introduction in which the author reviews the musicological studies published around Cabezón’s anniversary and considers the term “tiento” ant its possible defi nitions, this article focuses on the analysis of the tiento number IV taken from Venegas de Henestrosa’s book. This tiento contains a rest hard to justify from a musical point of view. But thanks to a defi nition of the term “tiento” given in the 19th century by Parada y Barreto, along with some quotations by Cabezón, the author considers the possibility of an oral transmission of this tiento, which could have incorporated different pieces. The tiento number IV would thus be a composition including both a previous piece and a psalmodic micro-tiento, possibly attributed to Cabezón himself -or to two different composers.Después de una relectura de los estudios sobre Cabezón en sus efemérides y otros ensayos y de una amplia definición genérica del tiento, este artículo enfoca el análisis del tiento IV del Libro de Venegas de Henestrosa marcado por una pausa al parecer injustificada. Enlazando una definición del tiento de Parada y Barreto (s.XIX con una cita de Cabezón el autor enmarca sus conclusiones en una posible transmisión oral de esta obra con incorporación de piezas dispares. Este tiento IV sería así una composición formada por otra anterior y un micro tiento salmódico, ambos de Cabezón o de dos autores distintos.

Caracterização biométrica de artículos da palma miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera em função da adubação orgânica

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Maria de Lourdes Saturnino Gomes

2016-06-01

Full Text Available A palma forrageira é a cultura xerófila com maior potencial de exploração no Nordeste. Porém a variedade mais produzida, a palma gigante (Opuntia fícus indica (Mill. mostrou-se vulnerável a praga cochonilha-do-carmim, sendo, necessários testes com variedades resistentes à referida praga. Objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar os cladódios da palma forrageira (Nopalea cochenilifera Salm Dyck variedade miúda, plantada com cladódios de diferentes tamanhos e adubos orgânicos – o bovino e ovino irrigada com 2,5L.m-1 linear. O experimento foi conduzido no Distrito de Santa Luzia do Seridó, Município de Picuí-PB, entre maio de 2013 e dezembro de 2013. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com 6 tratamentos e três repetições, em esquema fatorial 3x2: três tamanhos de cladódios: 15; 20 e 25 cm e duas adubações orgânica: esterco bovino e ovino. Procederam-se as seguintes avaliações: altura da planta, comprimento, largura, perímetro, espessura e área do cladódio a cada trinta dias entre 180 e 210 Dias Após o Plantio (DAP. O esterco ovino obteve maior desempenho para altura de planta. O esterco bovino incrementou as medidas dos cladódios primários. O esterco ovino obteve maior desempenho nas medidas dos cladódios secundários.  O cladódio de 25cm em função do esterco ovino obteve um índice biométrico superior.

In vivo diabetic wound healing effect and HPLC–DAD–ESI–MS/MS profiling of the methanol extracts of eight Aloe species

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abeer M. El Sayed

Full Text Available Abstract Genus Aloe, Xanthorrhoeaceae, is well distributed all over Egypt, and many species have been used as medicinal plants; mainly reported to prevent cardiovascular diseases, cancer and diabetes. This study attempts to analyze the secondary metabolites in the methanol extract of the leaves of eight Aloe species; A. vera (L. Burm. f., A. arborescens Mill., A. eru A. Berger, A. grandidentata Salm-Dyck, A. perfoliata L., A. brevifolia Mill., A. saponaria Haw. and A. ferox Mill. growing in Egypt. For this aim HPLC–DAD–MS/MS in negative ion mode was used. Although belonging to the same genus, the composition of each species presented different particularities. Seventy one compounds were identified in the investigated Aloe species, of which cis-p-coumaric acid derivaties, 3,4-O-(E caffeoylferuloylquinic acid and caffeoyl quinic acid hexoside were the most common phenolic acids identified. Aloeresin E and isoaloeresin D, 2'-O-feruloylaloesin were the common anthraquinones identified. Lucenin II, vicenin II, and orientin were the common identified flavonoids in the investigated Aloe species. 6'-Malonylnataloin, aloe-emodin-8-O-glucoside, flavone-6,8-di-C-glucosides could be considered as chemotaxonomic markers for the investigated Aloe species. The eight Aloe species had significant anti-inflammatory activity, in addition to the significant acceleration of diabetic wound healing in rats following topical application of the methanol extracts of their leaves. This is the first simultaneous characterization and qualitative determination of multiple phenolic compounds in Aloe species from locally grown cultivars in Egypt using HPLC–DAD–MS/MS, which can be applied to standardize the quality of different Aloe species and the future design of nutraceuticals and cosmetic preparations.

Planck 2013 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Planck Collaboration,; Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.

2013-01-01

, and the science data products and papers in the release. Scientific results include robust support for the standard, six parameter LCDM model of cosmology and improved measurements for the parameters that define this model, including a highly significant deviation from scale invariance of the primordial power......The ESA's Planck satellite, dedicated to studying the early universe, was launched on May 2009 and has been surveying the microwave and submillimetre sky since August 2009. In March 2013, ESA and the Planck Collaboration publicly released the initial cosmology products based on the first 15.......5 months of Planck operations, along with a set of scientific and technical papers and a web-based explanatory supplement. This paper describes the mission and its performance, and gives an overview of the processing and analysis of the data, the characteristics of the data, the main scientific results...

Audiophonological results after cochlear implantation in 40 congenitally deaf patients: preliminary results.

Science.gov (United States)

Loundon, N; Busquet, D; Roger, G; Moatti, L; Garabedian, E N

2000-11-30

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic factors of audiophonological results in cochlear implant in congenitally deaf patients. Between 1991 and 1996. 40 congenitally deaf children underwent cochlear implantation in our department, at an average age of 7 years (median: 5 years). The results of speech therapy were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 2 years and were classified according to four criteria: perception of sound, speech perception, speech production and the level of oral language. For each criterion, a score was established ranging from zero to four. These scores were weighted according to age such that the results before and after implantation only reflected the changes related to the implantation. The prognostic factors for good results were: a good level of oral communication before implantation, residual hearing, progressive deafness and implantation at a young age. On the other hand, poor prognostic factors were: the presence of behavioral disorders and poor communication skills prior to implantation. Overall, the major prognostic factor for a good outcome appeared to be the preoperative level of oral language, even if this was rudimentary.

Observing terrestrial water storage and land-atmosphere dynamics from space: Implications for forecasting and climate projections

Science.gov (United States)

Seneviratne, S. I.; Humphrey, V.; Nicolai-Shaw, N.; Gudmundsson, L.; Guillod, B.; Hirschi, M.; Michel, D.; Orth, R.; Zscheischler, J.

2016-12-01

In recent years, several new satellite products have been derived which allow an unprecendented assessment of terrestrial water storage and land-atmosphere dynamics. This presentation will review some of these new developments, with a focus on drought dynamics, plant-water interactions, and soil moisture-atmosphere feedbacks. Results derived based on the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE, Humphrey et al. 2016) and the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI) Soil Moisture dataset (Nicolai-Shaw et al. 2015, 2016; Hirschi et al. 2014) will be highlighted, as well as assessments using satellite-based estimates of evapotranspiration (Mueller and Seneviratne 2014, Michel et al. 2016), vegetation activity (Zscheischler et al. 2015), and combined soil moisture and precipitation analyses (Guillod et al. 2015). These findings provide new insights on the development of prediction capabilities for droughts, precipitation events, and heat waves, and the reduction of uncertainties in climate model projections. References: Guillod, B.P., B. Orlowsky, D.G. Miralles, A.J. Teuling, and S.I. Seneviratne, 2015. Nature Communications, 6:6443, DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7443 Hirschi, M., B. Mueller, W. Dorigo, and S.I. Seneviratne, 2014. Remote Sensing of Environment, 154, 246-252. Humphrey, V., L. Gudmundsson, and S.I. Seneviratne, 2016. Surv. Geophysics, 37, 357-395, DOI 10.1007/s10712-016-9367-1. Michel, D., et al. 2016. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 20, 803-822, doi:10.5194/hess-20-803-2016. Mueller, M., and S.I. Seneviratne, 2014. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 1-7, doi:10.1002/2013GL058055. Nicolai-Shaw, N., L. Gudmundsson, M. Hirschi, and S.I. Seneviratne, 2016. Geophys. Res. Lett., in review. Nicolai-Shaw, N., M. Hirschi, H. Mittelbach, and S.I. Seneviratne, 2015. Journal of Geophysical Research, 120, doi:10.1002/2015JD023305. Zscheischler, J., R. Orth, and S.I. Seneviratne, 2015. Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 9816-9824, doi:10.1002/2015GL066563.

TINGKAT KESUBURAN PERAIRAN WADUK KEDUNG OMBO DI JAWA TENGAH

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Siti Nurul Aida

2016-03-01

Full Text Available Waduk Kedung Ombo merupakan waduk serbaguna dimanfaatkan sebagai irigasi persawahan, pembangkit tenaga listrik, sumber air minum, pariwisata, perikanan budidaya dan perikanan tangkap. Limbah aktivitas manusia tersebut akan mempengaruhi tingkat kesuburan perairan dan komunitas biota didalamnya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesuburan perairan di waduk Kedung Ombo di lakukan dengan metode surve dari bulan Februari hingga Desember 2010. Contoh air untuk pengamatan parameter kesuburan yaitu suhu, kecerahan, oksigen, nitrogen total, fosfor total dan klorofil a diambil dari enam stasiun pada tiga kedalaman yaitu permukaan (0 m, 3 m, 5 m dan, dasar perairan. Tingkat kesuburan perairan ditentukan dengan pendekatan   trophical index (trix. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas perairan waduk Kedung Ombo secara umum termasuk perairan eutrofik dengan nilai rata-rata yaitu: ’trix’ 5,5; kecerahan perairan 91 cm,  klorofil 18.37 µg/l, total N=0,37 ppm; dan total P =  0,046 ppm.   Kedung Ombo reservoir is a multipurpose reservoir used as irrigation, hydrolic power, sources of drinking water, tourism, fisheries.  The trophic status of the reservoir can be affected by wastes from agricultural, human settlement  and floating net cages fish culture. Inventory field survey in order to know the trophic state of Kedung Ombo reservoir was conducted from February to December 2010..  Water samples used to measure the trophic state such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll a, were collected from 5 sampling sites at three depth; water surface (0 m, 3 m, 5 m and closed to surface sediment. The trophic state of Kedung Ombo Reservoir was estimated with Trix index. The results revealed that Kedung Ombo Reservoir was classified as eutrophic waters with trophic index (Trix index,transparency, chlorophyll a, total nitrogen and total phosphorus mean values were  5.5, 91 Cm,  18.37µg

Unfavorable results in replantation

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abraham G Thomas

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Reattachment of amputated parts of the body (Replantation has become a reality since the first arm replant was carried out six decades ago. Failures were not uncommon in the beginning, leading on to the analysis of the problem and refinements in technique. Improvements in sutures, instrumentation and better microscopes further helped the surgeons to do replantation with better finesse and functional results. Evaluation of results and particularly failure and long term results help the younger surgeons to learn from the difficulties faced earlier to do better in the future. An attempt is made to list various aspects of replantation experienced by the author during the past 30 years, particularly in reference to unfavorable results, which had been occasionally total failure, or a partial failure, with poor function and cosmesis due to infection. An insensate limb with poor function is the result of inadequate or improper nerve coaptation or infection destroying the whole repair. It is apt to mention that infection is mostly the result of poor vascularity due to devitalized tissue. Difficulties arise often in identifying the viable tissue, particularly while debriding in the distal amputated part since there is no bleeding. Experience counts in this, specifically to identify the viable muscle. The factors that may lead to complications are listed with remarks to avoid them.

Testing earthquake prediction algorithms: Statistically significant advance prediction of the largest earthquakes in the Circum-Pacific, 1992-1997

Science.gov (United States)

Kossobokov, V.G.; Romashkova, L.L.; Keilis-Borok, V. I.; Healy, J.H.

1999-01-01

Algorithms M8 and MSc (i.e., the Mendocino Scenario) were used in a real-time intermediate-term research prediction of the strongest earthquakes in the Circum-Pacific seismic belt. Predictions are made by M8 first. Then, the areas of alarm are reduced by MSc at the cost that some earthquakes are missed in the second approximation of prediction. In 1992-1997, five earthquakes of magnitude 8 and above occurred in the test area: all of them were predicted by M8 and MSc identified correctly the locations of four of them. The space-time volume of the alarms is 36% and 18%, correspondingly, when estimated with a normalized product measure of empirical distribution of epicenters and uniform time. The statistical significance of the achieved results is beyond 99% both for M8 and MSc. For magnitude 7.5 + , 10 out of 19 earthquakes were predicted by M8 in 40% and five were predicted by M8-MSc in 13% of the total volume considered. This implies a significance level of 81% for M8 and 92% for M8-MSc. The lower significance levels might result from a global change in seismic regime in 1993-1996, when the rate of the largest events has doubled and all of them become exclusively normal or reversed faults. The predictions are fully reproducible; the algorithms M8 and MSc in complete formal definitions were published before we started our experiment [Keilis-Borok, V.I., Kossobokov, V.G., 1990. Premonitory activation of seismic flow: Algorithm M8, Phys. Earth and Planet. Inter. 61, 73-83; Kossobokov, V.G., Keilis-Borok, V.I., Smith, S.W., 1990. Localization of intermediate-term earthquake prediction, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 19763-19772; Healy, J.H., Kossobokov, V.G., Dewey, J.W., 1992. A test to evaluate the earthquake prediction algorithm, M8. U.S. Geol. Surv. OFR 92-401]. M8 is available from the IASPEI Software Library [Healy, J.H., Keilis-Borok, V.I., Lee, W.H.K. (Eds.), 1997. Algorithms for Earthquake Statistics and Prediction, Vol. 6. IASPEI Software Library]. ?? 1999 Elsevier

Recent growth trends and challenges in the Norwegian aquaculture industry Tendencias recientes de crecimiento y desafíos de la industria acuícola en Noruega

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Asbjørn Bergheim

2012-09-01

Full Text Available Over the last 20 years, the Norwegian production of salmon and rainbow trout has increased by about 10% per year and will exceed 1 million MT in 2010. All on-growing after stocking in sea takes place in open cages in the fjords and along the coast, and the average cage volume has increased by about 300 times since the 1980's. Out of a total number of 4,000 cages more than 1,200 cages hold 20,000-60,000 m³. In 2005, the term 'maximum allowable biomass (MAB' was introduced and limits the highest annual production to 65 tons per 1,000 m³ licensed volume. Generally, the increasing volume and deeper cages have made the control of the fish stock more challenging. Sea lice attacks, especially in South Norway, have represented a major problem over the last three years. Reduced growth, increased mortality and lice treatment leads to significant losses and extra costs for the industry. Some recent reports indicate that increased use of wrasses in the cages improved the situation in the summer 2010 compared to the previous year. Extensive vaccinating and strict regulations regarding handling, etc. usually result in effective protection against diseases, but still there may occur regional outbreaks of serious diseases, such as pancreas disease (PD and infectious salmon anaemia (ISA. Attacks of sea lice and escape of salmon and trout from fish farms are considered to be among the main reasons for the strongly reduced wild stocks of sea trout and a reduced return of salmon spawners in the fjords and along the coast of southwest Norway.Durante los últimos 20 anos, la producción de salmón y trucha arcoiris en Noruega se ha incrementado en un 10% al ano y sobrepasará 1 millón de toneladas para el 2010. Todo el proceso de "engorda" ocurre en balsas-jaulas emplazadas en los fiordos y zonas costeras. El volumen promedio de una balsa-jaula se ha incrementado en un 300% desde sus inicios en 1980. En un universo de 4,000 balsas-jaulas se tiene que más de 1

Aesthetic rhinoplasty: Avoiding unfavourable results

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Kulwant S Bhangoo

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Rhinoplasty is one of the most challenging surgical procedures in plastic surgery. It is not surprising that a significant number of patients end up with unfavourable outcomes. Many of these unfavourable outcomes could be the result of poor judgment and wrong decision making. Most frequently, the unfavourable outcome is the result of errors in surgical technique. In this paper, unfavourable outcomes resulting from errors in surgical technique are discussed under the heading of each operative step. Poor placement of intra-nasal incision can result in internal valve obstruction. Bad columellar scars can result from errors during open rhinoplasty. Unfavourable results associated with skeletonisation are mentioned. Tip plasty, being the most difficult part of rhinoplasty, can result in lack of tip projection, asymmetry and deformities associated with placement of tip grafts. Over-resection of the lower lateral cartilages during tip plasty can also result in pinched nose, alar collapse causing external valve obstruction and other alar rim deformities. Humpectomy can result in open roof deformity, inverted V deformity and over-resection resulting in saddle nose. The so-called poly beak deformity is also a preventable unfavourable outcome when dealing with a large dorsal hump. Complications resulting from osteotomies include narrowing of nasal airway, open roof deformity, inverted V deformity and asymmetry of the bony wall resulting from incomplete or green stick fractures. Judicious use of grafts can be very rewarding. By the same token, grafts also carry with them the risk of complications. Allografts can result in recurrent infection, atrophy of the overlying skin and extrusion resulting in crippling deformities. Autografts are recommended by the author. Unfavourable results from autografts include displacement of graft, visibility of the graft edges, asymmetry, warping, and resorption.

Arsenic speciation results

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — Linear combination fitting results of synchrotron data to determine arsenic speciation in soil samples. This dataset is associated with the following publication:...

Planck 2013 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results

CERN Document Server

Ade, P.A.R.; Armitage-Caplan, C.; Arnaud, M.; Ashdown, M.; Atrio-Barandela, F.; Aumont, J.; Baccigalupi, C.; Banday, A.J.; Barreiro, R.B.; Bartelmann, M.; Bartlett, J.G.; Battaner, E.; Benabed, K.; Benoit, A.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Bernard, J.P.; Bersanelli, M.; Bielewicz, P.; Bobin, J.; Bock, J.J.; Bonaldi, A.; Bond, J.R.; Borrill, J.; Bouchet, F.R.; Boulanger, F.; Bowyer, J.W.; Bridges, M.; Bucher, M.; Burigana, C.; Butler, R.C.; Cappellini, B.; Cardoso, J.F.; Carr, R.; Casale, M.; Catalano, A.; Challinor, A.; Chamballu, A.; Chary, R.R.; Chen, X.; Chiang, L.Y.; Chiang, H.C.; Christensen, P.R.; Church, S.; Clements, D.L.; Colombi, S.; Colombo, L.P.L.; Couchot, F.; Coulais, A.; Crill, B.P.; Curto, A.; Cuttaia, F.; Danese, L.; Davies, R.D.; Davis, R.J.; de Bernardis, P.; de Rosa, A.; de Zotti, G.; Delabrouille, J.; Delouis, J.M.; Desert, F.X.; Dickinson, C.; Diego, J.M.; Dole, H.; Donzelli, S.; Dore, O.; Douspis, M.; Dunkley, J.; Dupac, X.; Efstathiou, G.; Ensslin, T.A.; Eriksen, H.K.; Falgarone, E.; Finelli, F.; Foley, S.; Forni, O.; Frailis, M.; Franceschi, E.; Freschi, M.; Fromenteau, S.; Gaier, T.C.; Galeotta, S.; Gallegos, J.; Gandolfo, B.; Ganga, K.; Giard, M.; Giardino, G.; Giraud-Heraud, Y.; Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.; Gorski, K.M.; Gratton, S.; Gregorio, A.; Gruppuso, A.; Haissinski, J.; Hansen, F.K.; Hanson, D.; Harrison, D.; Helou, G.; Henrot-Versille, S.; Hernandez-Monteagudo, C.; Herranz, D.; Hildebrandt, S.R.; Hivon, E.; Hobson, M.; Holmes, W.A.; Hornstrup, A.; Hovest, W.; Huffenberger, K.M.; Jaffe, T.R.; Jaffe, A.H.; Jewell, J.; Jones, W.C.; Juvela, M.; Kangaslahti, P.; Keihanen, E.; Keskitalo, R.; Kisner, T.S.; Kneissl, R.; Knoche, J.; Knox, L.; Kunz, M.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Lagache, G.; Lahteenmaki, A.; Lamarre, J.M.; Lasenby, A.; Laureijs, R.J.; Lawrence, C.R.; Le Jeune, M.; Leach, S.; Leahy, J.P.; Leonardi, R.; Leon-Tavares, J.; Leroy, C.; Lesgourgues, J.; Liguori, M.; Lilje, P.B.; Linden-Vornle, M.; Lopez-Caniego, M.; Lowe, S.; Lubin, P.M.; Macias-Perez, J.F.; Maffei, B.; Maino, D.; Mandolesi, N.; Maris, M.; Marshall, D.J.; Martin, P.G.; Martinez-Gonzalez, E.; Masi, S.; Matarrese, S.; Matthai, F.; Mazzotta, P.; McDonald, A.; McGehee, P.; Meinhold, P.R.; Melchiorri, A.; Melin, J.B.; Mendes, L.; Mennella, A.; Migliaccio, M.; Miniscalco, R.; Mitra, S.; Miville-Deschenes, M.A.; Moneti, A.; Montier, L.; Morgante, G.; Mortlock, D.; Moss, A.; Munshi, D.; Murphy, J.A.; Naselsky, P.; Nati, F.; Natoli, P.; Netterfield, C.B.; Norgaard-Nielsen, H.U.; North, C.; Noviello, F.; Novikov, D.; Novikov, I.; O'Dwyer, I.J.; Osborne, S.; Oxborrow, C.A.; Paci, F.; Pagano, L.; Pajot, F.; Paladini, R.; Paoletti, D.; Partridge, B.; Pasian, F.; Patanchon, G.; Pearson, D.; Pearson, T.J.; Perdereau, O.; Perotto, L.; Perrotta, F.; Piacentini, F.; Piat, M.; Pierpaoli, E.; Pietrobon, D.; Plaszczynski, S.; Platania, P.; Pointecouteau, E.; Polenta, G.; Ponthieu, N.; Popa, L.; Poutanen, T.; Pratt, G.W.; Prezeau, G.; Prunet, S.; Puget, J.L.; Rachen, J.P.; Reach, W.T.; Rebolo, R.; Reinecke, M.; Remazeilles, M.; Renault, C.; Ricciardi, S.; Riller, T.; Ringeval, C.; Ristorcelli, I.; Rocha, G.; Rosset, C.; Rossetti, M.; Roudier, G.; Rowan-Robinson, M.; Rubino-Martin, J.A.; Rusholme, B.; Salerno, E.; Sandri, M.; Santos, D.; Savini, G.; Scott, D.; Seiffert, M.D.; Shellard, E.P.S.; Smoot, G.F.; Spencer, L.D.; Starck, J.L.; Stolyarov, V.; Stompor, R.; Sudiwala, R.; Sunyaev, R.; Sureau, F.; Sutton, D.; Suur-Uski, A.S.; Sygnet, J.F.; Tauber, J.A.; Tavagnacco, D.; Taylor, D.; Terenzi, L.; Texier, D.; Toffolatti, L.; Tomasi, M.; Tristram, M.; Tucci, M.; Tuovinen, J.; Turler, M.; Tuttlebee, M.; Umana, G.; Valenziano, L.; Valiviita, J.; Van Tent, B.; Varis, J.; Vibert, L.; Vielva, P.; Villa, F.; Vittorio, N.; Wade, L.A.; Wandelt, B.D.; Watson, R.; Watson, C.; White, M.; White, S.D.M.; Wilkinson, A.; Yvon, D.; Zacchei, A.; Zonca, A.

2014-01-01

The ESA's Planck satellite, dedicated to studying the early universe, was launched on May 2009 and has been surveying the microwave and submillimetre sky since August 2009. In March 2013, ESA and the Planck Collaboration publicly released the initial cosmology products based on the first 15.5 months of Planck operations, along with a set of scientific and technical papers and a web-based explanatory supplement. This paper describes the mission and its performance, and gives an overview of the processing and analysis of the data, the characteristics of the data, the main scientific results, and the science data products and papers in the release. Scientific results include robust support for the standard, six parameter LCDM model of cosmology and improved measurements for the parameters that define this model, including a highly significant deviation from scale invariance of the primordial power spectrum. The Planck values for some of these parameters and others derived from them are significantly different fr...

Recent results from TRISTAN

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Enomoto, Ryoji [National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Ibaraki (Japan)

1997-01-01

TRISTAN results on {gamma}{gamma} physics from 1994 to 1995 are reviewed in this report. We have systematically investigated jet production, the {gamma}-structure function, and charm pair production in {gamma}{gamma} processes. The results are discussed, and future prospects are presented.

Comparison of analysis results with experimental results for ENEA and CRIEPI rubber bearings

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Yoo, B.; Lee, J.H.; Koo, G.H.

1993-01-01

In this paper, the preliminary structural analyses of ENEA HDRB and CRIEPI NRB were performed by using computer code ABAQUS, and the analysis results were compared with the test results provided by Italy and Japan thru IAEA. The test data for the rubbers used for the fabrication of bearings were also provided thru IAEA, and were utilized for the formulation of the rubber models for the analyses. The analyses performed for the rubber bearings are for the combined compression and shear and for the compression. The analysis results show a good agreement in shear strains when compared with the test results of HDRB and NRB for the combined compression and shear and for the compression benchmarks, but show relatively smaller responses in displacements for the compression with offsets benchmarks. (author)

CMS Higgs boson results

CERN Document Server

Bluj, Michal Jacek

2018-01-01

In this report we review recent Higgs boson results obtained with pp collisions at $\\sqrt{s}=\\,$13 TeV recorded by the CMS detector in 2016 for an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb$^{\\text{-1}}$. The 2016 data allowed the observation of the $H \\to \\tau\\tau$ and $H \\to WW$ decays with high significance. We also present a combined measurement based on a full set of CMS analyses performed with 2016 data. These results are compatible with the standard model predictions with precision of several measurements exceeding results from combination of ATLAS and CMS data collected in 2011 and 2012.

The Relation between Accounting Result and Tax Result in the Case of the Profit Tax

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Băcanu Mihaela-Nicoleta

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Accounting and taxation are two connected domains in Romania. The proof that these areconnected is the computation of the profit tax, for which the tax result is computed based on theaccounting result. The scope of the paper is to present what is the relation between accountingresult and tax result. There is a direct relation but also an indirect relation between the two results,taking into consideration the way of computing the tax result, but also the professional judgment,when the revenues and the expenses are recorded in the accounting register. The paper alsoanalyzes which one of the two results influences the other result.

Haiti DevResults

Data.gov (United States)

US Agency for International Development — DevResults is a web-based portfolio management system that tracks program data for the Haiti Mission that was awarded in April of 2013. (The Mozambique and/or...

Recent results from TASSO

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Foster, B.

1982-03-01

Results are presented on the inclusive production of π 0 , K 0 and antiK 0 and lambda and antilambda in e + e - annihilation. These results, together with those on inclusive charged hadron production are used to obtain information on fragmentation mechanisms and the production of heavy quark flavours in e + e - annihilation. (author)

[The applicability of results].

Science.gov (United States)

Marín-León, I

2015-11-01

The ultimate aim of the critical reading of medical literature is to use the scientific advances in clinical practice or for innovation. This requires an evaluation of the applicability of the results of the studies that have been published, which begins with a clear understanding of these results. When the studies do not provide sufficient guarantees of rigor in design and analysis, the conditions necessary for the applicability of the results are not met; however, the fact that the results are reliable is not enough to make it worth trying to use their conclusions. This article explains how carrying out studies in experimental or artificial conditions often moves them away from the real conditions in which they claim to apply their conclusions. To evaluate this applicability, the article proposes evaluating a set of items that will enable the reader to determine the likelihood that the benefits and risks reported in the studies will yield the least uncertainty in the clinical arena where they aim to be applied. Copyright © 2015 SERAM. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

Solar results purchasing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanders, J.

2001-01-01

Solar Thermal water heating has made little market penetration in some European countries. The main barriers to market development are: Long payback periods for the technology; Difficulties for the end-user in meeting the initial capital costs of the installation; Lack of confidence in the delivered energy that can be expected from the technology. The third barrier has been addressed using the concept of Guaranteed Solar Results (GSR). This project has addressed the other two main barriers using the concept of Solar Results Purchasing, (SRP) which combines GSR with Third Party Financing. The work was carried out in the UK, France, and Spain. The project used a uniform approach across the three countries. Each team calculated solar performance using an English version of the SOLO programme developed by TECSOL in France to encode the methodology for GSR model contracts. (author)

Results from LEP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pohl, M.

1995-01-01

Selected results from LEP on electroweak neutral currents and strong interactions are reviewed. In the first part, total cross sections, angular and polarization symmetries are interpreted in terms of basic electroweak parameters, like the mass, total and partial widths of the Z and neutral current couplings. Special attention is given to two apparent problems: the discrepancy between the measurements with final state vs. initial state polarization; and the deviation of the measured width of the Z into heavy quarks from Standard Model expectations. These discrepancies are not very significant, but they are the only ones observed at this point and thus deserve attention. In the second part, I outline results on final state strong interactions, namely measurements pertaining to differences between quark and gluon jets and the QCD group structure. (author) 19 figs., 4 tabs., 21 refs

Solar results purchasing

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sanders, J.

2001-07-01

Solar Thermal water heating has made little market penetration in some European countries. The main barriers to market development are: Long payback periods for the technology; Difficulties for the end-user in meeting the initial capital costs of the installation; Lack of confidence in the delivered energy that can be expected from the technology. The third barrier has been addressed using the concept of Guaranteed Solar Results (GSR). This project has addressed the other two main barriers using the concept of Solar Results Purchasing, (SRP) which combines GSR with Third Party Financing. The work was carried out in the UK, France, and Spain. The project used a uniform approach across the three countries. Each team calculated solar performance using an English version of the SOLO programme developed by TECSOL in France to encode the methodology for GSR model contracts. (author)

Results of CPLEAR

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Rickenbach, R.; Adler, R.; Alhalel, T.; Angelopoulos, A.; Apostolakis, A.; Aslanides, E.; Backenstoss, G.; Bargassa, P.; Bee, C.P.; Behnke, O.; Benelli, A.; Bertin, V.; Blanc, F.; Bloch, P.; Carlson, P.; Carroll, M.; Carvalho, J.; Cawley, E.; Charalambous, S.; Chardin, G.; Chertok, M.B.; Cody, A.; Danielsson, M.; Dejardin, M.; Derre, J.; Ealet, A.; Eckart, B.; Eleftheriadis, C.; Evangelou, I.; Faravel, L.; Fassnacht, P.; Felder, C.; Ferreira-Marques, R.; Fetscher, W.; Fidecaro, M.; Filipcic, A.; Francis, D.; Fry, J.; Gabathuler, E.; Gamet, R.; Garreta, D.; Gerber, H.-J.; Go, A.; Guyot, C.; Haselden, A.; Hayman, P.J.; Henry-Couannier, F.; Hollander, R.W.; Hubert, E.; Jon-And, K.; Kettle, P.-R.; Kochowski, C.; Kokkas, P.; Kreuger, R.; Le Gac, R.; Leimgruber, F.; Liolios, A.; Machado, E.; Mandic, I.; Manthos, N.; Marel, G.; Mikuz, M.; Miller, J.; Montanet, F.; Nakada, T.; Pagels, B.; Papadopoulos, I.; Pavlopoulos, P.; Pinto da Cunha, J.; Policarpo, A.; Polivka, G.; Roberts, B.L.; Ruf, T.; Sakeliou, L.; Sanders, P.; Santoni, C.; Schaefer, M.; Schaller, L.A.; Schietinger, T.; Schopper, A.; Schune, P.; Soares, A.; Tauscher, L.; Thibault, C.; Touchard, F.; Touramanis, C.; Triantis, F.; Van Beveren, E.; Van Eijk, C.W.E.; Vlachos, S.; Weber, P.; Wigger, O.; Wolter, M.; Yeche, C.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zimmerman, D.

1997-01-01

The CPLEAR experiment uses tagged K 0 and K 0 produced in pp annihilation at rest to measure CP-, T- and CPT-violation parameters in the neutral kaon system. The results of these measurements and some implications are reported. (orig.)

Higgs results from ATLAS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Chen, Xin

2016-01-01

The updated Higgs measurements in various search channels with ATLAS Run 1 data are reviewed. Both the Standard Model (SM) Higgs results, such as H → γγ, ZZ, WW, ττ, μμ, bb-bar, and Beyond Standard Model (BSM) results, such as the charged Higgs, Higgs invisible decay and tensor couplings, are summarized. Prospects for future Higgs searches are briefly discussed

Solar neutrino results from SAGE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gavrin, V.N.

2001-01-01

The results of ten years of solar neutrino observation by the Russian-American gallium solar neutrino experiment (SAGE) are reported. The overall result of 70 runs during the measurement period from January 1990 to October 1999 is 75.4 -6.8 +7.0 (stat.) -3.0 +3.5 (syst) SNU. This represents only slightly more than half of the predicted standard solar model rate of 129 SNU. The individual results on each run, and the results of combined analysis of all runs during each year, as well as the results of combined analysis of all runs during monthly and bimonthly periods are presented

Solar neutrino results from SAGE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gavrin, V.N.

2000-01-01

We report the results of ten years of solar neutrino observation by the Russian-American Gallium solar neutrino Experiment (SAGE). The overall result of 70 runs during the measurement period January 1990 to October 1999 is 75.4 + 7.0/-6.8 (stat.) +3.5/-3.0 (syst.) SNU. This represents only slightly more than half of the predicted standard solar model rate of 129 SNU. The individual results of each run, and the results of combined analysis of all runs during each year, as well as the results of combined analysis of all runs during monthly and bimonthly periods are presented

New particles: experimental results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Augustin, J.E.

The results of studies on production and properties of psi(3100) and psi(3700) resonances are presented, particular attention being given to spin, parity, g-parity and isospin determination. Evidence obtained in the SPEAR and DORIS storage rings in psi'→γ chi and psi→γX intermediate states are presented, together with SPEAR results on e-μ events and high energy jet production. (39 references) [fr

Compilation of results 1987

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1987-01-01

A compilation is carried out which in concentrated form presents reports on research and development within the nuclear energy field covering a two and a half years period. The foregoing report was edited in December 1984. The projects are presendted with title, project number, responsible unit, person to contact and short result reports. The result reports consist of short summaries over each project. (L.F.)

Recent SUSY Results from CMS

CERN Multimedia

CERN. Geneva

2012-01-01

We present a summary of the recent results of searches for supersymmetry conducted by the CMS experiment. Several searches are reported using complementary final states and methods. The results presented include searches for stops and sbottoms, production of charginos and neutralinos, and R-parity violating signatures. Several of them are the first results of their kind from CMS, while others increased the mass reach significantly over previously published results from the LHC.

Chapter 5: Monitoring results

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Poel, Bart; Thomsen, Kirsten Engelund; Schultz, Jørgen Munthe

2003-01-01

The monitoring results from the IEA Task 13 project "Advanced solar low energy houses" are described in this chapter. The underlying information was collected in the form of questionnaires. The questionnaires were formulated in such a way that participants are provided with a uniform lay......-out to fill in their particular results. Thus it is possible to compare the performances measured, calculated or predicted for the different houses....

CCTF CORE I test results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Murao, Yoshio; Sudoh, Takashi; Akimoto, Hajime; Iguchi, Tadashi; Sugimoto, Jun; Fujiki, Kazuo; Hirano, Kenmei

1982-07-01

This report presents the results of the following CCTF CORE I tests conducted in FY. 1980. (1) Multi-dimensional effect test, (2) Evaluation model test, (3) FLECHT coupling test. On the first test, one-dimensional treatment of the core thermohydrodynamics was discussed. On the second and third tests, the test results were compared with the results calculated by the evaluation model codes and the results of the corresponding FLECHT-SET test (Run 2714B), respectively. The work was performed under contracts with the Atomic Energy Bureau of Science and Technology Agency of Japan. (author)

New results from NA49

CERN Document Server

Afanasiev, S V; Bächler, J; Barna, D; Barnby, L S; Bartke, Jerzy; Barton, R A; Behler, M; Betev, L; Bialkowska, H; Billmeier, A; Blume, C; Blyth, C O; Boimska, B; Botje, M; Bracinik, J; Brady, F P; Bramm, R; Brun, R; Buncic, P; Carr, L; Cebra, D; Cerny, V; Cooper, G E; Cramer, J G; Csató, P; Dinkelaker, P; Eckardt, V; Eckhardt, F; Ferenc, D; Filip, P; Fischer, H G; Foder, Z; Foka, P Y; Freund, P; Friese, V; Gál, J; Ganz, R E; Gazdzicki, M; Georgopoulos, G; Gladysz-Dziadus, E; Harris, J W; Hegyi, S; Höhne, C; Igo, G; Jacobs, P; Jones, P G; Kadija, K; Kolesnikov, V I; Kollegger, T; Kowalski, M; Kraus, I; Kreps, M; Lasiuk, B; Van Leeuwen, M; Lévai, Peter; Malakhov, A I; Margetis, S; Markert, C; Mayes, B W; Melkumov, G L; Mischke, A; Molnár, J; Nelson, J M; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina; Oldenburg, M; Pálla, G; Panagiotou, A D; Perl, K; Petridis, A; Pikna, M; Pinsky, L; Poskanzer, A M; Prindle, D J; Pühlhofer, F; Putschke, J; Reid, J G; Renfordt, A; Retyk, W; Ritter, H G; Röhrich, D; Roland, C; Roland, G; Rybicki, A; Sammer, T; Sann, H; Schäfer, E; Schmitz, N; Seyboth, P; Siklér, F; Sitár, B; Skrzypczak, E; Snellings, R; Squier, G T A; Stock, Reinhard; Ströbele, H; Susa, T; Szentpétery, I; Sziklai, J; Toy, M; Trainor, T A; Trentalange, S; Ullrich, T S; Varga, D; Vassiliou, Maria; Veres, G I; Vesztergombi, G; Voloshin, S A; Vranic, D; Wang, F; Weerasundara, D D; Wenig, S; Wetzler, A; Whitten, C; Xu, N; Yates, T A; Koo, I K; Zaranek, J; Zimányi, J

2002-01-01

Recent results of the NA49 experiment are presented. These cover first results on pion and kaon production, HBT, and charge fluctuations from Pb+Pb reactions at 40 AGeV and their comparison to 158 AGeV beam energy. Furthermore a study on baryon number transfer in p+p, centrality selected p+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV and new results on the system size dependence of kaon yields, including C+C and Si+Si data, are presented. Additionally, a first result on Lambda Lambda correlations is shown. (11 refs).

Antares: preliminary demonstrator results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kouchner, A.

2000-05-01

The ANTARES collaboration is building an undersea neutrino telescope off Toulon (Mediterranean sea) with effective area ∼ 0.1 km 2 . An extensive study of the site properties has been achieved together with software analysis in order to optimize the performance of the detector. Results are summarized here. An instrumented line, linked to shore for first time via an electro-optical cable, has been immersed late 1999. The preliminary results of this demonstrator line are reported. (author)

Consistency of histopathological reporting of breast lesions detected by screening: findings of the U.K. National External Quality Assessment (EQA) Scheme. U. K. National Coordinating Group for Breast Screening Pathology.

Science.gov (United States)

Sloane, J P; Ellman, R; Anderson, T J; Brown, C L; Coyne, J; Dallimore, N S; Davies, J D; Eakins, D; Ellis, I O; Elston, C W

1994-01-01

The aim of the scheme was to determine consistency of histopathological reporting in the United Kingdom National Breast Screening Programme. This external quality assessment scheme involved 51 sets of 12 slides which were circulated to 186-251 pathologists at intervals of 6 months for 3 years. Participants recorded their diagnoses on standard reporting forms, which were submitted to the U.K. National Cancer Screening Evaluation Unit for analysis. A high level of consistency was achieved in diagnosing major categories of breast disease including invasive carcinoma and the important borderline lesions, radial scar and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), the latter exceeding a national target set prior to the onset of the scheme. Atypical hyperplasia (AH) was reported with much less consistency although, where it was the majority opinion, over 86% of diagnoses were of benign disorders and only 14% were of DCIS. Inconsistency was encountered in subtyping and measuring DCIS, the former apparently due to current uncertainties about classification and the latter to poor circumscription, variation in size in different sections and merging with zones of AH. Reporting prognostic features of invasive carcinomas was variable. Measurement of size was achieved with adequate consistency except in a small number of very poorly circumscribed tumours. Grading and subtyping were inconsistent although the latter was not specifically tested and will be the subject of future study. Members of the National Coordinating Group achieved greater uniformity than the remainder of the participants in all diagnostic categories, but both groups experienced similar types of problem. Our findings suggest that participation in the scheme improves diagnostic consistency. In conclusion, consistency in diagnosing invasive carcinoma and radial scar is excellent, and good in DCIS, but improvements are desirable in diagnosing atypical hyperplasia, classifying DCIS and reporting certain prognostic features of invasive tumours. Such improvements will require further research, the development of improved diagnostic criteria and the dissemination of clearer guidelines.

Electron-cloud simulation results for the SPS and recent results for the LHC

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Furman, M.A.; Pivi, M.T.F.

2002-01-01

We present an update of computer simulation results for some features of the electron cloud at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and recent simulation results for the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). We focus on the sensitivity of the power deposition on the LHC beam screen to the emitted electron spectrum, which we study by means of a refined secondary electron (SE) emission model recently included in our simulation code

An overview of JET results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Adams, J.M.; Alladio, F.; Altmann, H.

1989-01-01

An overview is given of experimental results obtained on JET during 1988, and in particular of results at high total power input into plasmas with various configurations. An account is given of the various interpretations of these results and some of the difficulties encountered are related. The progress is summarised in terms of the projected D-T performance. (author)

Result-Based Public Governance

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Boll, Karen

Within the public sector, many institutions are either steered by governance by targets or result-based governance. The former sets up quantitative internal production targets, while the latter advocates that production is planned according to outcomes which are defined as institution-produced ef......Within the public sector, many institutions are either steered by governance by targets or result-based governance. The former sets up quantitative internal production targets, while the latter advocates that production is planned according to outcomes which are defined as institution......-produced effects on individuals or businesses in society; effects which are often produced by ‘nudging’ the citizenry in a certain direction. With point of departure in these two governance-systems, the paper explores a case of controversial inspection of businesses’ negative VAT accounts and it describes...... explores how and why this state of affairs appears and problematizes the widespread use of result-based governance and nudging-techniques by public sector institutions....

Communicating research results

Science.gov (United States)

Jan Fryk

1999-01-01

A research finding is of little value until it is known and applied. Hence) communication of results should be regarded as a natural, integrated part of research) and thus addressed in the research plans from the very beginning. A clearly defined information strategy and operational goals for information activities are needed for successful communication. For maximum...

Recent physics results from LEP

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Augustin, J.E.

1990-12-01

The LEP machine operations, the recent observation of transverse beam polarization, and the luminosity measurements are summarized. The results obtained up to now on the tests of the electroweak sector of the Standard Model are reviewed. This includes the Z neutral boson excitation curve parameters in hadronic and leptonic modes, the forward-backward asymmetries of the leptons, the detection of the polarization of the taus, and the corresponding results on the number of light neutrinos, on the electroweak coupling constants and mixing angle, and on the top quark mass. Some hadronic physics results and QCD studies are reported. The results for particle searches, notably the Higgs boson are summarized

Comparison the Results of Numerical Simulation And Experimental Results for Amirkabir Plasma Focus Facility

Science.gov (United States)

Goudarzi, Shervin; Amrollahi, R.; Niknam Sharak, M.

2014-06-01

In this paper the results of the numerical simulation for Amirkabir Mather-type Plasma Focus Facility (16 kV, 36μF and 115 nH) in several experiments with Argon as working gas at different working conditions (different discharge voltages and gas pressures) have been presented and compared with the experimental results. Two different models have been used for simulation: five-phase model of Lee and lumped parameter model of Gonzalez. It is seen that the results (optimum pressures and current signals) of the Lee model at different working conditions show better agreement than lumped parameter model with experimental values.

Comparison the results of numerical simulation and experimental results for Amirkabir plasma focus facility

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Goudarzi, Shervin; Amrollahi, R; Sharak, M Niknam

2014-01-01

In this paper the results of the numerical simulation for Amirkabir Mather-type Plasma Focus Facility (16 kV, 36μF and 115 nH) in several experiments with Argon as working gas at different working conditions (different discharge voltages and gas pressures) have been presented and compared with the experimental results. Two different models have been used for simulation: five-phase model of Lee and lumped parameter model of Gonzalez. It is seen that the results (optimum pressures and current signals) of the Lee model at different working conditions show better agreement than lumped parameter model with experimental values.

First AFP results

CERN Document Server

Staszewski, Rafal; The ATLAS collaboration

2017-01-01

ATLAS Forward Proton (AFP) are detectors dedicated to measurements of protons scattered diffractively or electromagnetically at small angles in inelastic processes. The first arm of AFP was installed in 2016. The installation of the full system was finished in 2017. Since 2016 AFP has collected data is special and standard runs. The presentation shows the first results obtained with data collected by AFP.

RTE - 2012 financial results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ricour, Olivia; Marguier, Marina; Lartigau, Thierry

2013-01-01

The mission of RTE, the French electricity Transportation grid, a public service assignment, is to balance the electricity supply and demand in real time. This report presents RTE's financial results for 2012: increase of investments for services to clients, performance results, financial balance, stability of the economical model. RTE's regulated economical model, main financial indicators, 2007-2012 investments, 2012 investments by category, 2012 turnover, 2012 costs structure, taxes, financial balance sheet at the end of 2012, and the share of electricity transport in the electricity price are presented in appendixes

Government Performance and Results Act Reporting on Defense Working Capital Funds Net Operating Results

National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

2001-01-01

.... The overall objective of the audit was to determine whether the net operating results for the activity groups of the Defense Working Capital Fund were consistently and accurately compiled. We also assessed internal controls to determine whether management complied with the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993.

Results from SAGE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abdurashitov, J.N.; Gavrin, V.N.; Girin, S.V.

1996-01-01

The Russian-American Gallium Solar Neutrino Experiment (SAGE) is described. Beginning in September 1992, SAGE II data were taken with 55 tons of Ga and with significantly reduced backgrounds. The solar neutrino flux measured by 31 extractions through October 1993 is presented. The result of 69 ± 10 +5/-7 SNU is to be compared with a Standard Solar Model prediction of 132 SNU

Site Specific Advisory Board initiative, evaluation survey results supplementary appendix: Summary of individual site results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1996-08-01

This Appendix presents results of the Site-Specific Advisory Board (SSAB) Initiative for each of the 11 sites that participated in the survey. These individual results are a supplement to the June 1996 Summary Report which presented overall survey results. Results are presented in 11 sections, arranged alphabetically by site. Each section includes a series of figures and tables that parallel those presented in the Summary Report. To facilitate comparison, figures are presented both for the individual site and for the overall long survey. The sequence of sections is: Fernald, Hanford, Idaho, Los Alamos, Monticello, Nevada, Pantex, Rocky Flats, St. Louis, Sandia, and Savannah River

Geochemical investigations and results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Herbert, H.J.; Sander, W.

1986-01-01

The following information can be derived from results so far for a final store: - With known mineralogy, precise information can be given on the solution metamorphosis processes to be expected. The previous results of this in-situ experiment have confirmed the theoretical considerations. - Sensors were developed and tested, which make possible continuous monitoring under hydrostatic pressure in a final store in the case of incoming solution, i.e. for exploration bores. - The collection of physical and chemical parameters in open sections and shafts creates the basis for assessing the effect of backfilling from the chemical point of view. (orig./PW) [de

Luuleaasta 1994 : parlamendi koosseis on selgunud / Barbi Pilvre

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Pilvre, Barbi, 1963-

1995-01-01

Rannit, Aleksis. Nii näen sind ikka; Kangur, Kalju. Sõna sees olek; Traat, Mats. Koidu kätes; Rimmel, Rudolf. Setu netu; Suislepp, Harald. Köögertali kojutulek; Piir, Enno. Sunnitöölise Mekka; Üllaste, Leenart. Lind tormis; Hirv, Indrek. Taskuraamat (taskutähekerjus); Mirtem, Valev [Luhaäär, Ingvar]. Maithunad Eestis; Mirtem, Valev [Luhaäär, Ingvar]. Armuühtepühad; Mirtem, Valev [Luhaäär, Ingvar]. Tulevaas; Kurvits, Lembit. Matle laul; Lillemets, Enn. Olemise valge koer ehk Ingli kolju; Jessod, Mats [Jakobson, Mati]. Jah, luuletused; Jessod, Mats [Jakobson, Mati]. Ohjad Oti mäel; Jessod, Mats [Jakobson, Mati]. Poeetilisi prohmakaid; Ivar, Ivo. Riimiskid; Kilokalor, Kalle. Öösel näeb halvemini kui päeval; Trubetsky, Tõnu. Anarhia; Laanvee, Ervin. Jaa. Mina olen; Kuningas, Marko J. ...jääb USK, LOOTUS, ARMASTUS; Ruben, Arne. Ajakirjanik; Ollinovski, Jim [Ollino, Ott]. Luuletused; Toomik, Tõnu. 27 luuletust; Tosin, Ants. Õnnetähestik; Krüger, Urmas. Ka nii võib...; Kärner, Siim. Usseaid; Sikk, Heino. Võrokõstõlõ: poeem; Kollin, Viktor. Kodutunne; Alo, Ülo [Võsar, Ülo Alo]. Ööbikuvalgus; Sepp, Vello. Vigased pärlid; Palo, Wilhelm. Tuule-luuled; Soomets, Triin. Randmes unejanu; Soomets, Triin. Janu masinas; Ränik, Valeria. Ajast väljas; Kivi, Aita. Kalender-päevik Aita Kivi luuletustega; Maagemust, Maarika. Kaaludes kaldaid; Hiiussaar, Ann. Valgete uste taga; Kolkkanen, Imbi. Mina ja maailm; Mets, Neeme. Kesalill; Kolesnitshenko, Kaidi-Ly. Kaks silma; Kahro, Anne. Nälkjast!; Kabe, Aino. Tuulema mõtteriim. Raatma, Salme. Laululatern; Osila, Virve. Lootuse luiged; Isak, Asta. Valguse ja varjude vahel; Õunapuu, Meeli. Mööda teid ja radu

Partial replacement of corn by forage cactus in the diets of lactating goats

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Julianne Santiago Silva Goveia

2016-04-01

Full Text Available The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effect of the partial replacement of corn by forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck in the diets of lactating goats on the nutrient intake, milk production and composition and ingestive behavior. Five crossbreed Saanen x Pardo Alpina goats with body weights of 47 ± 3.3 kg were used in the study. The design was 5x5 Latin square design, in which the treatments were as follows: 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40% of girl cactus included in the diet as a partial replacement of corn, with 0, 18, 36, 54 and 72% of the added the cactus comprising of gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium (Jacq Walp as roughage in all treatments. Treatment did not affect (P > 0.05 the dry matter intake, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients with the increasing levels of cactus in the diet, presenting means of 1.64, 0.26, 0.82, 0.54 and 1.17 kg day-1, respectively. In the same way, no influence was observed on the daily milk production and levels of fat, protein, lactose and total solids of milk, which averaged 1.18 kg day-1; 3.74, 3.34, 5.06 and 13.56%, respectively. The inclusion of cactus also had no influence (P > 0.05 on the ingestion behavior. The treatment with 35% cactus showed a lower impairment of food intake (31%. The partial replacement of the corn by the girl cactus in the diets of dairy goats can be accomplished because it does not alter the intake, milk yield and composition and feeding behavior. The replacement of up to 54% corn by the cactus is recommended to reduce producer costs for food.

Diversidade genética intra e interespecífica de pitaya com base nas características físico-químicas de frutos

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Cristiane Andréa de Lima

2013-12-01

Full Text Available Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a diversidade genética intra e interespecífica de 21 acessos de duas espécies de pitaya, Hylocereus undatus (Haw Britton & Rose e Selenicereus setaceus Salm-Dyck. A. Bereger ex Werderm., com base nas características físico-químicas dos frutos. Foram avaliadas as características: comprimento, diâmetro, sólidos solúveis, massa total da casca e da polpa dos frutos. Com base na média das características físico-químicas de cada acesso, foram calculados índices de distância genética entre cada par de acessos com base na distância euclidiana média padronizada. A partir da matriz de distâncias genéticas, realizaram-se análises de agrupamento por meio de dendograma e dispersão gráfica baseada em escalas multidimensionais. As variáveis analisadas apresentaram diferentes contribuições relativas para a diversidade genética. O diâmetro do fruto foi a variável que teve maior contribuição no índice de diversidade genética (27,45 %, seguido pela massa total do fruto (25,43 % e pela massa da polpa do fruto (24,67 %. As distâncias genéticas entre os 21 acessos de pitaya variaram entre 2,2 e 540,1. A análise de agrupamento permitiu subdividir os 21 acessos em dois grupos de similaridade genética, Hylocereus e Selenicereus, a uma distância genética relativa de 100. As características físico-químicas dos frutos evidenciaram alta diversidade genética entre os acessos das espécies H. undatus e S. setaceus.

Bazı Pestisitlerin Tetranychus urticae Koch'nin Ergin Yaşam Süresi ve Yumurta Verimine Etkileri

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mustafa Hakan BALCI

2018-03-01

Full Text Available Bu çalışmada deltamethrin, cypermethrin, imidacloprid ve thiacloprid etkili maddeye sahip insektisitlerin tarla uygulama dozu (T ve tarla uygulama dozunun yarısı (T/2'nın uygulandığı Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae erginlerinde üreme parametreleri ve yaşam süreleri incelenmiştir. İnsektisit dozları ve kontrol grubunda kullanılan saf su ilaçlama kulesi ile Petri kabındaki yaprak diskler üzerinde bulunan T. urticae'nin ergin bireylerine uygulanmıştır. Deltamethrin'in T/2 dozu uygulaması sonucunda, ergin bireylerinde ortalama yaşam süresi (5.35 gün ve ortalama ovipozisyon süresi (4.29 g kontrol grubuna (6.57 ve 5.44 g göre kısalmış, ayrıca yumurta sayısı/dişi oranıda azalmıştır. İmidacloprid, thiacloprid ve cypermethrin uygulanan her iki dozunda da T. urticae erginlerinde ortalama yaşam süresi ve ortalama preovipozisyon süresi kontrol grubu ile istatistiki olarak benzer bulunmuş ve dozlar arasında fark belirlenememiştir. İmidacloprid'in T/2 dozu uygulanan ergin bireylerin yumurta sayısı/dişi (64.03 oranının kontrol grubuna (39.96 göre arttığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, imidacloprid ve deltamethrin’in T/2 dozlarının T. urticae ergin bireylerinde ortalama yaşam süresi, ortalama ovipozisyon süresi gibi bazı biyolojik özelikler üzerinde etkili olabileceği kanısına varılmıştır. 

Motherhood and subsistence work: the Tamang of rural Nepal.

Science.gov (United States)

Panter-brick, C

1989-06-01

A time-allocation study conducted over a 1-year period among rural women in Nepal indicated that these women are able to perform rigorous subsistence labor during pregnancy and motherhood through cultural practices that facilitate a combining of economic and childcare duties. The fieldwork was conducted in 1982-83 in the predominately Tamang village of Salme. A total of 7678 hours of minute-by-minute observation were collected on Tamang women and their male kin from 43 households. The sample included 19 nonpregnant, nonlactating women and 24 pregnant or lactating mothers. Among the Tamang, agriculture is the responsibility of women, and nonpregnant and pregnant/lactating women devoted similar numbers of hours a day (5-8 hours, depending on the season) to working fields. In addition, there were no significant differences in the amount of time nonpregnant and pregnant/lactating women devoted to animal husbandry, mountain work, and travel. The Tamang women did not ease their workloads in the final weeks of pregnancy--a finding that is consistent with a practice of not making allowances in economic activity level for age, sex, physical fitness, or maternal status due to severe labor shortage and the tight time schedule inherent to agricultural production. On the other hand, there was evidence of behavioral flexibility to cope with the demands of women's dual roles. Mothers of infants take their babies to the fields with them and breastfeed during their rest periods. The use of mobile cattle shelters minimizes the amount of time that is spent away from children. Older children care for younger siblings--a phenomenon facilitated by the long interbirth intervals among the Tamang--and contractual exchanges take place among families. The health risk of this arrangement seems greatest for older children who are left behind during periods of intense agricultural activity and are often deprived of adequate nutrition.

Results from SAGE II

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nico, J.S.

1994-01-01

The Russian-American Gallium solar neutrino Experiment (SAGE) began the second phase of operation (SAGE II) in September of 1992. Monthly measurements of the integral flux of solar neutrinos have been made with 55 tonnes of gallium. The K-peak results of the first nine runs of SAGE II give a capture rate of 66 -13 +18 (stat) -7 +5 (sys) SNU. Combined with the SAGE I result of 73 -16 +18 (stat) -7 5 (sys) SNU, the capture rate is 69 -11 +11 (stat) -7 +5 (sys) SNU. This represents only 52%--56% of the capture rate predicted by different Standard Solar Models

LHC physics results and prospects

CERN Document Server

Kono, Takanori; The ATLAS collaboration

2018-01-01

This talk presents the latest results from LHC Run-2 as of May 2018 which include Standard Model measurements, Higgs boson properties and beyond Standard Model search results. The prospects for future LHC runs are also shown.

Combined effects of climate change and bank stabilization on shallow water habitats of chinook salmon.

Science.gov (United States)

Jorgensen, Jeffrey C; McClure, Michelle M; Sheer, Mindi B; Munn, Nancy L

2013-12-01

Significant challenges remain in the ability to estimate habitat change under the combined effects of natural variability, climate change, and human activity. We examined anticipated effects on shallow water over low-sloped beaches to these combined effects in the lower Willamette River, Oregon, an area highly altered by development. A proposal to stabilize some shoreline with large rocks (riprap) would alter shallow water areas, an important habitat for threatened Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), and would be subject to U.S. Endangered Species Act-mandated oversight. In the mainstem, subyearling Chinook salmon appear to preferentially occupy these areas, which fluctuate with river stages. We estimated effects with a geospatial model and projections of future river flows. Recent (1999-2009) median river stages during peak subyearling occupancy (April-June) maximized beach shallow water area in the lower mainstem. Upstream shallow water area was maximized at lower river stages than have occurred recently. Higher river stages in April-June, resulting from increased flows predicted for the 2080s, decreased beach shallow water area 17-32%. On the basis of projected 2080s flows, more than 15% of beach shallow water area was displaced by the riprap. Beach shallow water area lost to riprap represented up to 1.6% of the total from the mouth to 12.9 km upstream. Reductions in shallow water area could restrict salmon feeding, resting, and refuge from predators and potentially reduce opportunities for the expression of the full range of life-history strategies. Although climate change analyses provided useful information, detailed analyses are prohibitive at the project scale for the multitude of small projects reviewed annually. The benefits of our approach to resource managers include a wider geographic context for reviewing similar small projects in concert with climate change, an approach to analyze cumulative effects of similar actions, and estimation of the

Customer interruption cost and results

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eua-Arporn, B.; Bisarnbutra, S. [Chulalongkorn Univ., Bangkok (Thailand)

1997-12-31

Results of a comprehensive study on short-term direct impacts and consumer interruption costs, incurred as a result of power supply interruption, were discussed. The emphasis was on questionnaire development, general responses and the average customer damage function of some selected sectors. The customer damage function was established for each category of customers (agriculture, industry, mining, wholesale, retail merchandising, residential, etc) as well as for different locations. Results showed that the average customer damage function depended mostly on customer category. Size and location were not significant factors. 5 refs., 7 tabs.

Solar neutrino results from SAGE

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gavrin, V.N.

1999-01-01

We report the status of the Russian-American Gallium solar neutrino Experiment (SAGE). The solar neutrino result for SAGE III, 20 runs during the measuring period May 1995 through December 1997, is 56.7 +9.3/-8.7(stat.)+4.6/-4.8(syst.) SNU. The combined result for 57 measurements from 1990 through 1997 (SAGE I+II+III) is 66.9 +7.1/-6.8 (stat) +5.4/-5.7 (syst) SNU. The final result of the SAGE 51 Cr experiment to check the response of SAGE to low energy neutrinos is also presented

MiniBooNE Oscillation Results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Djurcic, Zelimir

2009-01-01

These proceedings summarize the MiniBooNE ν μ → ν e results, describe the first (bar ν) μ → (bar ν) e result, and current analysis effort with the NuMI neutrinos detected in the miniBooNE detector

Results from TOTEM

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Eggert Karsten

2013-06-01

Full Text Available The TOTEM experiment at the CERN LHC is focussed on the measurement of the elastic proton-proton scattering, the total pp cross-section, and all kinds of diffractive phenomena. Detectors housed in “Roman Pots” which can be moved close to the outgoing proton beams allow to trigger on elastic and diffractive protons and to determine their parameters like the momentum loss and the transverse momentum transfer. In addition, charged particle detectors in the forward regions detect almost all inelastic events. Together with the CMS detector, a large solid angle is covered enabling precise studies of Min. Bias as well as Single Diffractive and Double Pomeron Interactions. The results will considerably help the interpretation of the Cosmic Ray Showers at highest energies and will give insight into the proton structure and the QCD theory of strong interactions. TOTEM measured the elastic pp- scattering over a large range of t (the squared momentum transfer from 10-3 – 4 GeV2. Noneof the considered models could yield a satisfactory fit over the complete range. However, the exponential slope at low |t|-values and the position of the diffractiveminimum are well within the extrapolation from lower energies. The total pp cross-section has been determined in different ways from the extrapolation of the elasticscattering to t=0 (optical point and the inelastic rate: (i From the elastic scattering using the optical theorem and the CMS, (ii luminosity independently, usingthe inelastic rate, elastic scattering and the optical theorem, (iiiρ independently, by using elastic scattering, inelastic rate and the CMS luminosity. The results for the total crosssection obtained from the different methods are in excellent agreement with each other. First studies of the data on diffractive phenomena havebeen performed by correlating the momentum loss of the forward protons with the topology of the particle flux. The data look very promising and further studies will

Current advances on polynomial resultant formulations

Science.gov (United States)

Sulaiman, Surajo; Aris, Nor'aini; Ahmad, Shamsatun Nahar

2017-08-01

Availability of computer algebra systems (CAS) lead to the resurrection of the resultant method for eliminating one or more variables from the polynomials system. The resultant matrix method has advantages over the Groebner basis and Ritt-Wu method due to their high complexity and storage requirement. This paper focuses on the current resultant matrix formulations and investigates their ability or otherwise towards producing optimal resultant matrices. A determinantal formula that gives exact resultant or a formulation that can minimize the presence of extraneous factors in the resultant formulation is often sought for when certain conditions that it exists can be determined. We present some applications of elimination theory via resultant formulations and examples are given to explain each of the presented settings.

Neutrino mass: Recent results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Robertson, R.G.H.

1989-01-01

Some recent developments in the experimental search for neutrino mass are discussed. Simpson and Hime report finding new evidence for a 17-keV neutrino in the β decay of 3 H and 35 S. New data from Los Alamos on the electron neutrino mass as measured in tritium beta decay give an upper limit of 13.5 eV at the 95% confidence level. This result is not consistent with the long-standing ITEP result of 26(5) eV within a ''model-independent'' range of 17 to 40 eV. It now appears that the electron neutrino is not sufficiently massive to close the universe by itself. 38 refs., 1 figs., 2 tabs

Electron-cloud updated simulation results for the PSR, and recent results for the SNS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Pivi, M.; Furman, M.A.

2002-01-01

Recent simulation results for the main features of the electron cloud in the storage ring of the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge, and updated results for the Proton Storage Ring (PSR) at Los Alamos are presented in this paper. A refined model for the secondary emission process including the so called true secondary, rediffused and backscattered electrons has recently been included in the electron-cloud code

Status of internal quality control for thyroid hormones immunoassays from 2011 to 2016 in China.

Science.gov (United States)

Zhang, Shishi; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Haijian; He, Falin; Zhong, Kun; Yuan, Shuai; Wang, Zhiguo

2018-01-01

Internal quality control (IQC) plays a key role in the evaluation of precision performance in clinical laboratories. This report aims to present precision status of thyroid hormones immunoassays from 2011 to 2016 in China. Through Clinet-EQA reporting system, IQC information of Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine in the form of free and total (FT3, TT3, FT4, TT4), as well as Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) were collected from participant laboratories submitting IQC data in February, 2011-2016. For each analyte, current CVs were compared among different years and measurement systems. Percentages of laboratories meeting five allowable imprecision specifications (pass rates) were also calculated. Analysis of IQC practice was conducted to constitute a complete report. Current CVs were decreasing significantly but pass rates increasing only for FT3 during 6 years. FT3, TT3, FT4, and TT4 had the highest pass rates comparing with 1/3TEa imprecision specification but TSH had this comparing with minimum imprecision specification derived from biological variation. Constituent ratios of four mainstream measurement systems changed insignificantly. In 2016, precision performance of Abbott and Roche systems were better than Beckman and Siemens systems for all analytes except FT3 had Siemens also better than Beckman. Analysis of IQC practice demonstrated wide variation and great progress in aspects of IQC rules and control frequency. With change of IQC practice, only FT3 had precision performance improved in 6 years. However, precision status of five analytes in China was still unsatisfying. Ongoing investigation and improvement of IQC have yet to be achieved. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A Survey of Pharmacy Education in Thailand.

Science.gov (United States)

Chanakit, Teeraporn; Low, Bee Yean; Wongpoowarak, Payom; Moolasarn, Summana; Anderson, Claire

2014-11-15

To explore the current status of pharmacy education in Thailand. The International Pharmaceutical Federation of the World Health Organization's (FIP-WHO) Global Survey of Pharmacy Schools was used for this study. The survey instrument was distributed to the deans of the 19 faculties (colleges) of pharmacy in Thailand. More than half the colleges have been in existence less than 20 years, and the government owns 80% of them. There were 2 paths of admission to study pharmacy: direct admission and central admission system. The doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) programs can be divided into 4 types. Approximately 60% of all teaching staff holds a doctoral degree. Regarding the work balance among teaching staff, around 60% focus on teaching activities, 20% focus on research, and less than 20% focus on patient care services concurrent with real practice teaching. The proportion of student time dedicated to theory, practice, and research in PharmD programs is 51.5%, 46.7%, and 1.8%, respectively. Sites owned by the colleges or by others were used for student training. Colleges followed the Office of the National Education Standards' Internal Quality Assurance (IQA) and External Quality Assurance (EQA), and the Pharmacy Council's Quality Assessment (ONESQA). This study provides a picture of the current status of curriculum, teaching staff, and students in pharmacy education in Thailand. The curriculum was adapted from the US PharmD program with the aim of meeting the country's needs and includes industrial pharmacy and public health tracks as well as clinical tracks. However, this transition in pharmacy education in Thailand needs to be monitored and evaluated.

Sigma metrics as a tool for evaluating the performance of internal quality control in a clinical chemistry laboratory.

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, B Vinodh; Mohan, Thuthi

2018-01-01

Six Sigma is one of the most popular quality management system tools employed for process improvement. The Six Sigma methods are usually applied when the outcome of the process can be measured. This study was done to assess the performance of individual biochemical parameters on a Sigma Scale by calculating the sigma metrics for individual parameters and to follow the Westgard guidelines for appropriate Westgard rules and levels of internal quality control (IQC) that needs to be processed to improve target analyte performance based on the sigma metrics. This is a retrospective study, and data required for the study were extracted between July 2015 and June 2016 from a Secondary Care Government Hospital, Chennai. The data obtained for the study are IQC - coefficient of variation percentage and External Quality Assurance Scheme (EQAS) - Bias% for 16 biochemical parameters. For the level 1 IQC, four analytes (alkaline phosphatase, magnesium, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol) showed an ideal performance of ≥6 sigma level, five analytes (urea, total bilirubin, albumin, cholesterol, and potassium) showed an average performance of sigma level and for level 2 IQCs, same four analytes of level 1 showed a performance of ≥6 sigma level, and four analytes (urea, albumin, cholesterol, and potassium) showed an average performance of sigma level. For all analytes sigma level, the quality goal index (QGI) was 1.2 indicated inaccuracy. This study shows that sigma metrics is a good quality tool to assess the analytical performance of a clinical chemistry laboratory. Thus, sigma metric analysis provides a benchmark for the laboratory to design a protocol for IQC, address poor assay performance, and assess the efficiency of existing laboratory processes.

CDF results on B decays

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Skarha, J.E.

1995-05-01

The authors present recent CDF results on B lifetimes, B meson mass measurements, ratios of branching ratios, and rare decays. In addition, they present the first measurement of time-dependent B d mixing at CDF. Several results have been updated and a few new ones included since the workshop

Atmospheric Deposition Modeling Results

Data.gov (United States)

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency — This asset provides data on model results for dry and total deposition of sulfur, nitrogen and base cation species. Components include deposition velocities, dry...

Graphical presentation of participants' results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anon.

1991-01-01

The results obtained by 19 participating dosimetry systems are presented in this section. Section 3 of the preceding report, ''Evaluation of the Results of the First IAEA Coordinated Research Program on Intercomparison for Individual Monitoring'', explains the format and conventions used for the graphical presentation. The system number appearing in the upper left hand corner of each page can be used to correlate the dosimeter design information found in Table 2 of the preceding report with the results. However, care should be used in drawing inferences from this correlation, since system performance depends on a number of factors other than detector selection and design characteristics. (orig.)

FORWARD PHYSICS AND BRAHMS RESULTS.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

DEBBE, R.; (FOR THE BRAHMS COLLABORATION)

2005-02-03

We report here the BRAHMS measurements of particle production in d+Au and p+p collisions at RHIC. The results presented here are compared to previous p+A measurements at lower energies in fixed target mode. Some preliminary results on abundances of identified particles at high rapidity are also presented.

First neutron results from SNS

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leadbetter, A.J.; Abbley, D.; Bailey, I.F.

1985-05-01

The report summarises the analyses of the first neutron results on the pulsed spallation source SNS. The source parameters; aspects of the instrumentation; and experimental results particular to a given beamline; are all discussed. General conclusions based on these data, the detectors and the computing system, are also examined. (U.K.)

Efficient analysis and extraction of MS/MS result data from Mascot™ result files

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Sickmann Albert

2005-12-01

Full Text Available Abstract Background Mascot™ is a commonly used protein identification program for MS as well as for tandem MS data. When analyzing huge shotgun proteomics datasets with Mascot™'s native tools, limits of computing resources are easily reached. Up to now no application has been available as open source that is capable of converting the full content of Mascot™ result files from the original MIME format into a database-compatible tabular format, allowing direct import into database management systems and efficient handling of huge datasets analyzed by Mascot™. Results A program called mres2x is presented, which reads Mascot™ result files, analyzes them and extracts either selected or all information in order to store it in a single file or multiple files in formats which are easier to handle downstream of Mascot™. It generates different output formats. The output of mres2x in tab format is especially designed for direct high-performance import into relational database management systems using native tools of these systems. Having the data available in database management systems allows complex queries and extensive analysis. In addition, the original peak lists can be extracted in DTA format suitable for protein identification using the Sequest™ program, and the Mascot™ files can be split, preserving the original data format. During conversion, several consistency checks are performed. mres2x is designed to provide high throughput processing combined with the possibility to be driven by other computer programs. The source code including supplement material and precompiled binaries is available via http://www.protein-ms.de and http://sourceforge.net/projects/protms/. Conclusion The database upload allows regrouping of the MS/MS results using a database management system and complex analyzing queries using SQL without the need to run new Mascot™ searches when changing grouping parameters.

Envirhom: stakes and results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2006-01-01

After a recall of the evolution of the international system for the protection against ionizing radiations, this report discusses the evolution of a new societal context (evolution of risk perception, concern about accidental situations). It also discusses the emerging scientific issues and challenges regarding the knowledge about biological and health effects of ionizing radiations, which requires investigations on the ecosystems, the effects of chronic low level exposures, and the propagation of effects at different biological levels (cells, tissue, individual, population, communities, and ecosystems). Then, it presents the IRSN environment-health research program, ENVIRHOM, its objectives, and its results concerning the environment on the one side, and health on the other side. The 'environment' side and the 'health' side of this program are then more precisely presented as well as their results

Final NOMAD results on $\

CERN Document Server

Astier, P.; Baldisseri, A.; Baldo-Ceolin, M.; Banner, M.; Bassompierre, G.; Benslama, K.; Besson, N.; Bird, I.; Blumenfeld, Barry J.; Bobisut, F.; Bouchez, J.; Boyd, S.; Bueno, A.; Bunyatov, S.; Camilleri, L.; Cardini, A.; Cattaneo, P.W.; Cavasinni, V.; Cervera-Villanueva, A.; Chukanov, A.; Collazuol, G.; Conforto, G.; Conta, C.; Contalbrigo, M.; Cousins, R.; Daniels, D.; Degaudenzi, H.; Del Prete, T.; De Santo, A.; Dignan, T.; Di Lella, L.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Dumarchez, J.; Ellis, Malcolm; Feldman, G.J.; Ferrari, R.; Ferrere, D.; Flaminio, V.; Fraternali, M.; Gaillard, J.M.; Gangler, E.; Geiser, A.; Geppert, D.; Gibin, D.; Gninenko, S.; Godley, A.; Gomez-Cadenas, J.J.; Gosset, J.; Gossling, C.; Gouanere, M.; Grant, A.; Graziani, G.; Guglielmi, A.; Hagner, C.; Hernando, J.; Hubbard, D.; Hurst, P.; Hyett, N.; Iacopini, E.; Joseph, C.; Juget, F.; Kirsanov, M.; Klimov, O.; Kokkonen, J.; Kovzelev, A.; Krasnoperov, A.; Kustov, D.; Kuznetsov, V.E.; Lacaprara, S.; Lachaud, C.; Lakic, B.; Lanza, A.; La Rotonda, L.; Laveder, M.; Letessier-Selvon, A.; Levy, J.M.; Linssen, L.; Ljubicic, A.; Long, J.; Lupi, A.; Marchionni, A.; Martelli, F.; Mechain, X.; Mendiburu, J.P.; Meyer, J.P.; Mezzetto, M.; Mishra, S.R.; Moorhead, G.F.; Naumov, D.; Nedelec, P.; Nefedov, Yu.; Nguyen-Mau, C.; Orestano, D.; Pastore, F.; Peak, L.S.; Pennacchio, E.; Pessard, H.; Petti, R.; Placci, A.; Polesello, G.; Pollmann, D.; Polyarush, A.; Popov, B.; Poulsen, C.; Rico, J.; Riemann, P.; Roda, C.; Rubbia, A.; Salvatore, F.; Schahmaneche, K.; Schmidt, B.; Schmidt, T.; Sconza, A.; Sevior, M.; Sillou, D.; Soler, F.J.P.; Sozzi, G.; Steele, D.; Stiegler, U.; Stipcevic, M.; Stolarczyk, T.; Tareb-Reyes, M.; Taylor, G.N.; Tereshchenko, V.; Toropin, A.; Touchard, A.M.; Tovey, S.N.; Tran, M.T.; Tsesmelis, E.; Ulrichs, J.; Vacavant, L.; Valdata-Nappi, M.; Valuev, V.; Vannucci, F.; Varvell, K.E.; Veltri, M.; Vercesi, V.; Vidal-Sitjes, G.; Vieira, J.M.; Vinogradova, T.; Weber, F.V.; Weisse, T.; Wilson, F.F.; Winton, L.J.; Yabsley, Bruce D.; Zaccone, H.; Zuber, K.; Zuccon, P.; Krasnoperov, A V

2001-01-01

Results from the nu_tau appearance search in a neutrino beam using the full NOMAD data sample are reported. A new analysis unifies all the hadronic tau decays, significantly improving the overall sensitivity of the experiment to oscillations. The "blind analysis" of all topologies yields no evidence for an oscillation signal. In the two-family oscillation scenario, this sets a 90% C.L. allowed region in the sin^2(2theta)-Delta m^2 plane which includes sin^2(2theta)nu_tau oscillation hypothesis results in sin^2(2theta)<1.5 x 10^{-2} at large Delta m^2 and Delta m^2 < 5.9 eV^2/c^4 at sin^2(2theta)=1. We also derive limits on effective couplings of the tau lepton to nu_mu or nu_e.

Recent CDF results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conway, J.S.

1996-07-01

Preliminary results form the CDF detector, based on analysis of data collected in Run 1a and Run 1b at the Tevatron, totaling 110 pb - 1 integrated luminosity, place new limits on the masses and couplings of new particles including charged Higgs bosons, supersymmetric gauge particles and quarks, and new vector bosons. One of the observed events, having an e + e - pair, two photons, and large missing energy would not occur with significant rate in the Standard Model, leading to speculation regarding its origin and the possible existence of related events

Results from PAMELA

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mocchiutti, E.; Adriani, O.; Barbarino, G.C.; Bazilevskaya, G.A.; Bellotti, R.; Boezio, M.; Bogomolov, E.A.; Bonechi, L.; Bongi, M.; Bonvicini, V.; Borisov, S.; Bottai, S.; Bruno, A.; Cafagna, F.; Campana, D.

2011-01-01

The PAMELA satellite experiment was launched into low earth orbit on June 15th 2006. The combination of a permanent magnet silicon strip spectrometer and a silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter allows precision studies of the charged cosmic radiation to be conducted over a wide energy range (100 MeV - several hundred GeV). A primary scientific goal is to search for dark matter particle annihilation by measuring the energy spectra of cosmic ray antiparticles. Latest results from the PAMELA experiment are presented with a particular focus on cosmic ray antiprotons and positrons.

Results from AMANDA

CERN Document Server

Wiebusch, C; Bai, X; Barwick, S W; Becka, T; Becker, K H; Bertrand, D; Bernadini, E; Binon, Freddy G; Biron, A; Boser, S; Botner, O; Bouchta, A; Bouhali, O; Burgess, T; Carius, S; Castermans, T; Chen, A; Chirkin, D; Conrad, J; Cooley, J; Cowen, D F; Davour, A; De Clercq, C; De Young, T R; Desiati, P; Dewulf, J P; Doksus, P; Ekstrom, P; Feser, T; Gaisser, T K; Gaug, M; Gerhardt, L; Goldschmidt, A; Hallgren, A; Halzen, F; Hanson, K; Hardtke, R; Hauschildt, T; Hellwig, M; Herquet, P; Hill, G C; Hulth, P O; Hundertmark, S; Jacobsen, J; Karle, A; Koci, B; Köpke, L; Kowalski, M; Kühn, K; Lamoureux, J I; Leich, H; Leuthold, M J; Lindahl, P; Liubarsky, I; Madsen, J; Marciniewski, P; Matis, H S; McParland, C P; Minaeva, Y; Minocinovic, P; Mock, P C; Morse, R; Nahnhauer, R; Neunhoffer, T; Niessen, P; Nygren, D R; Ögelman, H B; Olbrechts, P; Pérez de los Heros, C; Pohl, A C; Price, P B; Przybylski, G T; Rawlins, K; Resconi, E; Rhode, W; Ribordy, M; Richter, S; Rodríguez-Martino, J; Ross, D; Sander, H G; Schmidt, T; Schneider, D; Schwarz, R; Silvestri, A; Solarz, M; Spiczak, G M; Spiering, C; Steele, D; Steffen, P; Stokstad, R G; Sudhoff, P; Sulanke, K H; Taboada, I; Thollander, L; Tilav, S; Walck, C; Weinheimer, C; Wiebusch, C; Wiedemann, C; Wischnewski, R; Wissing, H; Woschnagg, K; Yodh, G B; Young, S

2002-01-01

The Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA) is a high- energy neutrino telescope operating at the geographic South Pole. It is a lattice of photomultiplier tubes buried deep in the polar ice. The primary goal of this detector is to discover astrophysical sources of high energy neutrinos. We describe the detector methods of operation and present results from the AMANDA-B10 prototype. We demonstrate the improved sensitivity of the current AMANDA-II detector. We conclude with an outlook to the envisioned sensitivity of the future IceCube detector. (37 refs).

RESULTS, RESPONSIBILITY, FAULT AND CONTROL

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Evgeniy Stoyanov

2016-09-01

Full Text Available The paper focuses on the responsibility arising from the registered financial results. The analysis of this responsibility presupposes its evaluation and determination of the role of fault in the formation of negative results. The search for efficiency in this whole process is justified by the understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the behavior of economic actors.

Automated, computer interpreted radioimmunoassay results

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Hill, J.C.; Nagle, C.E.; Dworkin, H.J.; Fink-Bennett, D.; Freitas, J.E.; Wetzel, R.; Sawyer, N.; Ferry, D.; Hershberger, D.

1984-01-01

90,000 Radioimmunoassay results have been interpreted and transcribed automatically using software developed for use on a Hewlett Packard Model 1000 mini-computer system with conventional dot matrix printers. The computer program correlates the results of a combination of assays, interprets them and prints a report ready for physician review and signature within minutes of completion of the assay. The authors designed and wrote a computer program to query their patient data base for radioassay laboratory results and to produce a computer generated interpretation of these results using an algorithm that produces normal and abnormal interpretives. Their laboratory assays 50,000 patient samples each year using 28 different radioassays. Of these 85% have been interpreted using our computer program. Allowances are made for drug and patient history and individualized reports are generated with regard to the patients age and sex. Finalization of reports is still subject to change by the nuclear physician at the time of final review. Automated, computerized interpretations have realized cost savings through reduced personnel and personnel time and provided uniformity of the interpretations among the five physicians. Prior to computerization of interpretations, all radioassay results had to be dictated and reviewed for signing by one of the resident or staff physicians. Turn around times for reports prior to the automated computer program generally were two to three days. Whereas, the computerized interpret system allows reports to generally be issued the day assays are completed