Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Since the 1950s a transport revolution has occurred comparable to events in the late nineteenth century when sailing ships were replaced by steam vessels. Freight rates for bulk products have decreased 65-70% due to improved maritime technology, and formerly separate markets for bulk products have been unified globally. It is suggested that the low freight rates since the early 1980s will level out in future. Price peaks caused by political and military crises like the Korean war, the Suez crisis, OPEC I and OPEC II also seem to be of diminishing importance over time. The world market has become much less sensitive to external shocks due to alternative sources of supply and alternative transport routes. Examples are given from the coal, grain and iron ore international market. 62 refs., 24 figs., 4 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Proper estimation of shipping emissions is essential for an impact assessment of shipping on air quality and health in port cities and coastal regions. In the Netherlands shipping is an important source of particulate matter. This report provides an internationally accessible and transparent summary and description of the methodologies used in the Netherlands Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) to estimate PM emissions from shipping, including recently implemented updates.

Science.gov (United States)

... and support cost, and post-retirement disposal cost) of ... from reactors, and the reactors and other ... the ship's hull and reactor compartment enough to ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Wastenet

... Thursday: South Brisbane Sailing Club, Orleigh Park Hill End Terrace, West End. Friday: Booroodabin Bowls Club, 126 Breakfast Creek Road, Newstead. Related Photos Ros Capeness and Jeff Shearin: six months on (Emma Sykes - ABC Local) Map Fig Tree Pocket 4069 Subscribe/RSS Subscribe to ABC Brisbane videos Subscribe to all ABC Local videos Topics: floods, people Locations: brisbane-4000,...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This guide describes an acceptable method of complying with the Commission's regulations with regard to the quality assurance requirements for the packaging, shipping, receiving, storage, and handling of items for water-cooled nuclear power plants.

Science.gov (United States)

... Development Document for Proposed Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards for the Shipbuilding and Repair Point Source Category (Draft ...

Science.gov (United States)

... FIELD CORROSION TESTS WERE MADE DURING THE VOYAGES OF THE SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH SHIPS ACADEMICIAN VERNADSKII AND ...

Science.gov (United States)

Analytical techniques for analyzing the effects of ship motion and attitude on the primary coolant system flow rates are presented. Design data for minimizing these effects are given. (C.J.G.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container. Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of Tables 2A, 2B, and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Corrosion is said to be the most dominant factor which affects the physical life of ships and offshore structures. In order to secure the structural safety of ships and offshore structures, it is necessary to take measures to corrosion based on the prediction of condition of progressive corrosion. But such prediction is difficult because the behavior of corrosion`s progress is probabilistic. In this paper, probabilistic model, which could evaluate the degradation of coatings and the successive corrosion of steel members, was proposed in order to explain the tendency of the actual corrosion conditions of existing ships. Then, statistical inferences on the proposed model were made by applying the actual data on plate thickness measurements of Bulk Carriers` Cargo Hold. And validity of the proposed model was verified.

Science.gov (United States)

This report presents a general investigation of the transport requirements associated with the construction and operation of conceptual fusion reactors. Projections of amounts of construction and operating materials requiring transportation are presented for several proposed designs. The material to be shipped is described along with the shipping containers that might be used, the transport modes and the expected impact of transporting these materials. Transportation of both radioactive and nonradioactive materials will be required. Most of these materials are routinely shipped by the transportation industry. Transportation requirements of a representative fusion reactor are also compared with Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) requirements.

Science.gov (United States)

... sample. Hosoitalization Data Hospital admission rates across Navy ships :.n 1985 and 1975 are presented in Table 17. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report forms part of a joint study on a PEFC propulsion system for surface ships, summarized in a presentation to this Seminar, entitled {open_quotes}Study on a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) Propulsion System for Surface Ships{close_quotes}, and which envisages application to a 1,500 DWT cargo vessel. The aspect treated here concerns an experiment in reducing by methanation to a level below 10 ppm the CO that is contained to around 1% in reformate gas.

Wastenet

... The chemistry of paints and painting by A H. 1834-1915 Church (Paperback - Aug. 24, 2010) Buy new: $35.75 $27.17 17 Used & new from $20.42 Get it by Thursday, Sept. 8 if you order in the next 16 hours and choose one-day shipping. Eligible for FREE Super Saver Shipping. Only 1 ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The objective of this study is to describe the complete transport chain of CO2 between capture and storage including a ship transport. This last one is composed by the following steps:Shore terminal including the liquefaction, temporary storage and CO2 loading. Ship with a capacity of 30,000m^3. On or off shore terminal including an unloading system, temporary storage and export towards the final storage. Between all the possible thermodynamic states, the liquid one is most relevant two options are compared in the study (-50^oC, 7bar) and (-30^oC, 15bar). The ship has an autonomy of 6 days, is able to cover 1000km with a cargo of 2.5Mt/year. Several scenarios are studied varying the geographical position of the CO2 source, the number of harbours and the way the CO2 is finally stored. Depen...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The CWDD injector has been shipped to Argonne National Laboratory, installed, and recommissioned. Commissioning progress, operational status, and future plans are reported. Operational experience at ANL is compared with that obtained at Culham.

Wastenet

...options box during checkout as this item typically ships in its own packaging. 3 new from $29.95 Your Favorite Coffee, ...

Science.gov (United States)

...Shipping 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Battery categories. 111.15-3 Section 111.15-3... ELECTRIC SYSTEMS-GENERAL REQUIREMENTS Storage Batteries and Battery Chargers: Construction and Installation §...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Norwegian authorities regard with some disquiet the possibility of a criticality accident in a ship propulsion reactor core at the Kola coast. Along this coast, in land storages, floating storages and in submarines taken out of service, the total number of spent fuel reactor cores amount to two hundred. The total Cs-137 radioactivity in spent ship propulsion reactor fuel at the Kola peninsula can be assessed to 600,000 TBq. A worst case release may amount to more than 5,000 TBq Cs-137, a quantity which under unfavourable conditions might cause serious contamination locally and even across the border to Norway.

Science.gov (United States)

Several experiments showed that the classical Kolmogorov power spectral density of the refractive-index sometimes does not properly describe the statistics of the atmosphere. In this paper we show an experimental testbed able to generate non-classical Kolmogorov turbulence by using a liquid crystal spatial light modulator. The testbed is used at Naval Postgraduate School for laboratory investigation of laser beam propagation in maritime environment where a power law different from classical Kolmogorov, 11/ 3, could be present. Applications of this testbed are ship to-ship free space optical communication, imaging and high energy laser weapons.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The problem of buried steelwork in cargo hold insulation has been investigated by several using empirical methods. These efforts have resulted in correction factors that serve as a useful aid in the complex task of estimating the K-value of a ship`s cargo holds for the correct dimensioning of the refrigeration plant. Today, the advent of the digital computer has established numerical methods of analysis as a common working tool among practicing engineers. For estimating the flow in cases of buried steelwork that cannot be handled by correction factors, this is an effective approach. This study is an analytical/numerical investigation of the effect that buried steelworks have on the heat leakage across cargo hold walls. It aims at providing enlightenment on the physical significance of the parameters influencing the problem and developing practically simple methods for predicting the heat leakage across the hold walls. The study is set in the steady temperature in a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

ANCAP (Government's Oil Company of Uruguay) owns a 4000 DWT oil coastal tanker which is mainly used for oil transport in the River Plate, Uruguay and Parana rivers. Availability of the ship is critical because of shortage of available vessels in the region. Full maximum draught of the vessel is 4m , so it can navigate in very shallow waters as it is the case of some places in the Uruguay and Parana rivers. Although the ship was built in 1979, it is a complete double hull, powered by two twin main engines and propellers. Since 1994, several changes in maintenance management have been introduced, in order to increase the availability, thus increasing the total oil volume yearly transported. These changes affected several maintenance items and they also included a modification in the design of part of the cargo tank floors of the ship. As a result of these changes, an increase of 60% of the oil derivatives volume ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes the Brown and Root`s BARBOX, an alternative, purpose-built, deep-draft monohull system for floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO). This alternative system concept has been designed for worldwide applications including the North Sea and the Gulf of Mexico environments. The stiffened flat plate construction of the BARBOX gives it a low capital investment cost relative to minimum water plane hull types (e.g., semi-submersible, SPAR, TLP) and ship-shaped FPSO. Dynamic motion comparison between the BARBOX and the ship-shaped FPSO indicates that the BARBOX`s motion characteristics are similar or better than those of comparable ship-shaped FPSO configurations. This paper also considers construction of the BARBOX hull in the Gulf of Mexico region. A recent study indicated that the Gulf coast fabrication yards were technically capable to fabricate the BARBOX hull and they could be cost competitive ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radioactive waste shipping and receiving facilities presently planned for commercial and defence high level nuclear waste will handle waste packages at frequencies far in excess of those in common practice today. If current limits for radiation levels at the cask surface and current handling methods are used, high cumulative personnel exposure to ionizing radiation is projected to occur. To reduce these exposure levels, alternate handling methods are being developed and demonstrated. The production nature of cask receiving operations suggests commercial robotics be incorporated into a remote handling system to reduce predicted worker exposure to acceptable levels while maintaining or increasing throughput. The first phase of cask handling system development culminated in a proof-of-principle test demonstrating the feasibility of performing cask receiving and unloading operations in a remote and partially automated manner. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radioactive waste shipping and receiving facilities presently planned for commercial and defense nuclear waste will handle waste packages at frequencies far in excess of those in common practice today. Unacceptable personnel exposure to ionizing radiation is projected to occur if current limits for radiation levels at the cask surface and current handling methods are used. To reduce these exposure levels, alternate handling methods are being developed and demonstrated. The production nature of cask receiving operations suggests commercial robotics be incorporated into a remote handling system to reduce predicted worker exposure to acceptable levels, while maintaining or increasing throughput. The first phase of cask handling system development culminated in a proof-of-principle test demonstrating the feasibility of performing cask receiving and unloading operations in a remote and partially automated manner. 6 refs., 12 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the universe there are two different kinds of uncertain phenomena: stochastic and fuzzy or vague. Both uncertain phenomena have been found in structural problems. Therefore, rational decisions concerning the design of marine structures cannot be made without resorting to the methods which can take the uncertainties into account. The fundamental concept of structural fuzzy reliability problems and the methods to give the fuzzy solution are introduced in the paper. Based on the principle of fuzzy decision-making the method to obtain the crisp solution of structural fuzzy reliability analysis is proposed by means of the Bound Search method. Illustrative numerical examples, ship bottom plates under slamming impact pressures are solved. The influence of variation of allowable tolerances in the fuzzy reliability indexes is discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the spring of 1991, the Environmental Protection Agency, Region 10 (EPA), launched an investigation into tanker waste disposal practices for vessels discharging ballast water at the Alyeska Pipeline Services Company's Ballast Water Treatment (BWT) facility and marine terminal in Valdez, Alaska. It had been alleged that the Exxon Shipping Company was transferring 'toxic wastes originating in California' to Valdez. In response, EPA decided to examine all waste streams generated on board and determine what the fate of these wastes were in addition to investigating the Exxon specific charges. An extensive Information Request was generated and sent to the shipping companies that operate vessels transporting Alaska North Slope Crude. Findings included information on cargo and fuel tank washings, cleaning agents, and engine room waste.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper presents extensive non-linear finite element (FE) analysis and formulation development work carried out on the ultimate compressive strength of plates and stiffened panels of ship structures. A review of contemporary designs for large ships was carried out. The existing formulae for plate ultimate compressive strength were reviewed and compared with non-linear FE analysis results. A semi-analytical formula for ultimate compressive strength assessments of stiffened panels was proposed and is described. The developed formula was verified against results using ABAQUS non-linear FE software for a series of 61 stiffened panels and a good agreement between the proposed formula and FE results were achieved. The method was verified against a large number of published FE results and was ...

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

The second in a series of flights to assemble the Japanese segment of the International Space Station saw the mammoth Kibo module delivered to the complex complements of Discovery and its crew on the STS-124 mission. Kibo, the Japanese word for u201chopeu201d would house dozens of experiments and serve as a platform for external payloads brought to the complex on subsequent Shuttle flights and the Japanese u201cKounotoriu201d H-2 Transfer Vehicle cargo ship.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This standard describes requirements and provides guidelines for the control of activities to be exercised during procurement of items and services which affect the quality of nuclear power plants. These requirements and guidelines apply to procurement activities for items and services such as designing, purchasing, fabricating, handling, shipping, storage, cleaning, constructing, erecting, installing, inspecting, testing, maintaining, repairing, initial fueling, refueling, and modifying.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes the development, design, and fabrication of the crude oil process facilities, and the conversion of an existing tanker for use at the Liuhua 11-1 Field. Over a 16-month period spanning 1994 and 1995, Amoco Orient Petroleum Company, and partners, China Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corporation (CONHE), and Kerr-McGee China Petroleum Ltd., converted a crude oil tanker originally built in 1975 to the Nanhai Sheng Li, the floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) facility for the Liuhua 11-1 Field. The FPSO will process up to 65,000 BOPD produced from 20 subsea wells located 1.7 miles away. In addition to the processing facilities for produced oil and water, the FPSO has a processed crude oil storage capacity of 715,000 bbls. The ship`s propulsion system was removed during the conversion, because the FPSO is permanently moored at site by means of a 10-point, ``soft`` mooring. The mooring system was designed to survive the 100-year-return-period ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In marine seismic exploration, an approximately two-mile long hydrophone cable is towed behind the ship. The commonly employed cable consists of a kerosene-filled hose enclosing hydrophones, electrical wires, and steel ropes. The kerosene provides buoyancy while the steel ropes are for structural support. For deep-water operations, the cable is pulled through the water at a depth of 20-40 feet. For shallow water, a bottom reference configuration is used and the cable is dragged. This paper presents a comparison of electroacoustic properties between a newly designed, buoyant solid cable and those of the conventional kerosene-filled hose. The emphasis is on drag cable operations. Cable maintenance is a major problem. Jacket cuts occur because of improper handling or collisions with other ships, subsea structures, and debris. Kerosene leakage causes buoyancy loss and the need for immediate replacement. Salt water intrusion causes electrical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes the criteria used for the thermal, electrical, mechanical, hydraulical design of the submarine power cables crossing Long Island Sound to feed New York City. The cables are of the self contained fluid filled (SCFF) type. There is also a description of the special measures adopted to face the exceptionally aggressive environment, due to presence of hydrogen sulphide and of stray currents (caused by electric railways and pipes cathodic protection). The most significant example of such measures is a third sacrificial armour. Four single-core SCFF cables (one spare) were manufactured in Arco Felice (near Naples, Italy), for the New York Power Authority. The average length of the cables is 13 km, jontless. The Italian cable ship 'Giulio Verne', managed by Pirelli, was utilized for the transportation and laying. The ship is equipped with a turntable of 7000 tonnes capacity. The cables are protected all along the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Authors already reported the integrated system so called SODAS (System Of Design and Assembling for Shipbuilding) which was based on product model concept. And products in shipbuilding industry today are not limited to ship structures alone. Therefore, it is desirable that a more global product model which can describe another products such as offshore structures should be considered. In this paper, a product model of offshore structures is discussed. Compared with the case of ship structures, the distinctive feature in the design stage of offshore structures lies in the initial design stage. Thus in this paper, some of the new model in initial design stage are introduced. Some of them are `Function Element Model` which expresses functional concept by designers. In the other design stage, product information such as `Room` and `Part` which were already introduced in SODAS are used effectively for a product model of offshore structures. By the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This article gives a survey of the history, properties and applications of 'Kevlar' aramide fibers. For example, the 'Kevlar' para-aramide fiber is used in compound materials in ship-, aircraft- and vehicle construction. 'Kevlar' is used as a replacement for asbestos, for example in brakes, clutches and seals or as rubber reinforcement (tyres, conveyor belts, hoses). The aramide fibers also offer manufacturers of ropes, hawsers and cables a near ideal range of properties. (MM).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Four HVDC (high voltage DC) {+-} 250kV submarine OF (oil-filled) cables are to be installed each capable of 1.4-million kW for one dipole channel and two returns for forwarding to Yura Switchyard a part of the power to be generated by a Tachibanawan coal-fired power plant to open in 2000. The first cable is now being laid. They are to cover a distance of 48km on the sea bottom, and their 190mm diameter is the largest in the world and this decreases the required number of cables for a reduction in the construction cost. The installation is executed by use of a dedicated cable laying ship loaded with cables. The ship is equipped with five thruster screws by adjusting which a cable is fed into the sea and laid on the bottom with high positional accuracy in all directions, and with a 10m-accurate DPS (Dynamic Positioning System) besides GPS (Global Positioning System). Operating on the sea bottom is a simultaneous laying/burying machine which ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Since the beginning of the sixties, France has developed a fleet of nuclear powered vessels. Insofar as the ships of the 2. generation are being built, the older ones are decommissioned and enter the dismantling process. The average rate is presently one submarine decommissioned every two or three years. The overall strategy for the decommissioning of French nuclear submarines can be brought down to 3 phases: 1. Level 1 dismantling which essentially consists in: - unloading the spent fuel and storing it in a pool ; - possibly emptying the circuits which contain radioactive liquids. The level 1 is easily achieved, as it is not very different from the plant situation during ship overhaul or major refits. 2. Level 2 dismantling which consists in isolating the nuclear reactor compartment from the rest of the submarine and conditioning it for interim storage on a ground facility located inside Cherbourg Naval Dockyard. The rest of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Authenticated Tracking and Monitoring System (ATMS) has been designed to address the need for global monitoring of the status and location of proliferation-sensitive items. Conceived to utilize the proposed Global Verification and Location System (GVLS) satellite link, ATMS could use the existing International Maritime Satellite commercial communication system until GVLS is operational. The ATMS concept uses sensor packs to monitor items and environmental conditions, collects a variety of events data through a sensor processing unit, and transmits the data to a satellite, which then sends data to ground stations. Authentication and encryption algorithms will be used to secure the data. A typical ATMS application would be to track and monitor the safety and security of a number of items in transit along a scheduled shipping route. This paper also discusses a possible proof-of-concept system demonstration.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper is focused on TLP and Spar technology as applied to floating production applications. In particular, safety considerations as related to classification and certification requirements are addressed. This covers hull structures, marine systems, production facilities and the relevant mooring systems for each platform type from design approval on through construction, installation and ultimately the ongoing maintenance of the platform to acceptable standards throughout its operating life. The experience of the American Bureau of Shipping with these platforms will be utilized in supporting the practical application of classification and regulatory standards to ensure safe operations and concluding that use of such standards in conjunction with an experienced classification society provides a substantial benefit to companies utilizing these technologies. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper gives an introduction to reliability assessment of reliquefaction systems for boil-off gas (BOG) on LNG carriers with focus on redundancy optimization and maintenance strategies. The reliability modeling is based on a time-dependent Markov approach. Four different system options are studied, with varying degree of redundancy. Failures in the reliquefaction system may require flaring of the BOG, and the associated cost is compared with the cost of introducing redundancy and the cost of onboard maintenance. A model for maintenance optimization is developed and exemplified on a main unit of the reliquefaction system. Reliability and maintenance cost data for reliquefaction systems on LNG ships are very scarce. The input data have been collected from the best available data sources and adjusted by expert judgement. A tailor-made computer program has been developed and may be supplied to interested readers.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A collaborative experimental research program has been established between industry and university partners to evaluate the subcritical behavior of fresh and spent highly enriched fuel assemblies at the University of Missouri Research Reactor (MURR). This proposed program will involve a series of subcritical measurements using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed {sup 252}Cf source-driven noise technique. Measurements evaluating the subcritical behavior of simple arrays of fresh MURR assemblies will be performed for evaluating the spectral effects of materials typically found in shipping casks such as lead, steel, aluminum, and boron. Also, measurements will be performed on spent assemblies to characterize physics parameters which may be useful in determining the subcritical behavior of fuels for reactivity credit of actinide burnup and fission product poisoning.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The decommissioning of the Sodium Reactor Experiment is essentially complete. Contaminated materials, equipment, and soil were removed, decreasing the residual radioactivity to levels acceptable for future unrestricted use of the site. The fuel was removed and declad, tooling and techniques to support the decommissioning were developed, bulk sodium and residual sodium films were removed, coolant systems were dismantled, the reactor vessel was dissected, the interior surfaces of the facilities were decontaminated, and waste materials were packaged and shipped to burial sites. Radiation exposure to workers and the public was within the guidelines and as low as reasonably achievable. In performing the project, new decontamination techniques were tested, decontamination equipment was evaluated, and waste disposal methods were developed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Studies continued on organic tracers for use as hydrologic tracers as part of the Yucca Mountain Site Characterization project. This subject report for the quarter 01/01/93 through 03/31/93 discusses the following issues: project organization and responsibilities; quality assurance program; design control; procurement document control; instructions, procedures, and drawings; document control; control of purchased items and services; identification and control of items; control of processes; inspection; test control; control of measuring and test equipment; handling, storage, and shipping; inspection, test, and operating status; control of nonconforming items and conditions; corrective action; quality assurance records; audits; software quality assurance; and scientific investigation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes the development of cellulose paper/plastic film/cellulose paper laminate insulated Self-Contained 500 kV Oil-Filled (OF) Cable and its accessories. Dielectric loss of this new cable was confirmed to be about one third that of conventional kraft paper cable. Moreover, by employing the reduced insulation thickness of 25 mm rather than that of 33 mm, as is usual with conventional cables, the new cable could be made very compact, due to the high dielectric strengths of laminated paper. As a result, the shipping reel length of the new cable, which is about 10% lighter in total weight and 10% smaller in overall diameter than conventional cables, could be dramatically increased. The reliability and the stability of the new cable have been demonstrated by the successful completion of a one and a half year field test.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Continued public acceptance of commercial nuclear power is contingent to a large degree on the US Department of Energy (DOE) establishing an integrated waste management system for spent nuclear fuel. As part of the from-reactor transportation segment of this system, the B W Fuel Company (BWFC) is under contract to the DOE to develop a spent-fuel cask that is compatible with both rail and barge modes of transportation. Innovative design approaches were the keys to achieving a cask design that maximizes payload capacity and cask performance. The result is the BR-100, a 100-ton rail/barge cask with a capacity of 21 PWR or 52 BWR ten-year cooled, intact fuel assemblies. 3 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oil, in various forms, has been used for thousands of years and has even been recommended as a medicinal product. Starting in the mid-19. century, however, mineral oil production became an economic, political, social and scientific gold mine. Subterranean and offshore drilling rigs have created colossal fortunes among multinationals and made certain nations extremely wealthy. Starting in the 1920's, oil companies began to explore the possibilities of undersea drilling, but it was only in 1947 that the first offshore drilling rig was set up. With three-quarters of the planet covered by water, it was inevitable that oil companies would turn to offshore drilling - especially as sub-sea oil fields may cover as much as 84 million square kilometres. Drilling rigs now go deeper than ever and are able to operate in up to 3000 meters water depth. This paper will present the technical merits of two similar all-electric drill-ships 'Pride Africa' ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The US Department of Energy (DOE) is preparing to perform significant remediation activities of the sites for which it is responsible. To accomplish this, it is preparing a corporate global plan focused on activities over the next decade. Significant in these planned activities is the transportation of the waste arising from the remediation. The costs of this transportation are expected to be large. To support the initial assessment of the plan, a cost estimating model was developed, peer-reviewed against other available packaging and transportation cost data, and applied to a significant number of shipping campaigns of radioactive waste. This cost estimating model, known as the Ten-year Plan Transportation Cost Model (TEPTRAM), can be used to model radioactive material shipments between DOE sites or from DOE sites to non-DOE destinations. The model considers the costs for (a) recovering and processing of the wastes, (b)packaging the wastes for transport, and (c) ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Nuclear Assurance Corporation (NAC) owns and operates four NAC-1 truck casks. These casks are used to ship spent reactor fuel assemblies and radioactive reactor-core components. The casks have been loaded or unloaded at a total of fifteen nuclear facilities in the United States. In addition, NAC has used another large, overweight-truck cask to ship radioactive reactor core components from a reactor to a waste burial site. There are many individual differences in the cask handling facilities at each of the reactor stations, nuclear research facilities and the storage and burial sites serviced. Various types of auxiliary lifting and handling devices for on-site cask operations have been required. The quality assurance requirements for the equipment used in interfacing casks with nuclear power plant facilities have become more stringent. This paper presents details on the type of special equipment being employed, the quality assurance ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report is the first of four volumes that identify and assess the environmental, health, and safety issues involved in using sodium-sulfur (Na/S) battery technology as the energy source in electric and hybrid vehicles that may affect the commercialization of Na/S batteries. This and the other reports on recycling, shipping, and vehicle safety are intended to help the Electric and Hybrid Propulsion Division of the Office of Transportation Technologies in the US Department of Energy (DOE/EHP) determine the direction of its research, development, and demonstration (RD D) program for Na/S battery technology. The reports review the status of Na/S battery RD D and identify potential hazards and risks that may require additional research or that may affect the design and use of Na/S batteries. This volume covers cell design and engineering as the basis of safety for Na/S batteries and describes and assesses the potential chemical, electrical, and thermal hazards and ...

Science.gov (United States)

In 2002 and again in 2003, an investigative journalist unit at ABC News transported a 6.8 kilogram metallic slug of depleted uranium (DU) via shipping container from Istanbul, Turkey to Brooklyn, NY and from Jakarta, Indonesia to Long Beach, CA. Targeted inspection of these shipping containers by Department of Homeland Security (DHS) personnel, included the use of gamma-ray imaging, portal monitors and hand-held radiation detectors, did not uncover the hidden DU. Monte Carlo analysis of the gamma-ray intensity and spectrum of a DU slug and one consisting of highly-enriched uranium (HEU) showed that DU was a proper surrogate for testing the ability of DHS to detect the illicit transport of HEU. Our analysis using MCNP-5 illustrated the ease of fully shielding an HEU sample to avoid detection. The assembly of an Improvised Nuclear Device (IND) -- a crude atomic bomb -- from sub-critical pieces of HEU metal was then examined via Monte Carlo ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A surplus USN 40 mm ammunition can was subjected to a variety of tests. Pressure tests were carried out with nitrogen gas, followed by the venting of actual Li/SO/sub 2/ cells and batteries inside the can. A fire test was also conducted on a can packed with 10 each 10-cell batteries surrounded by vermiculite. Test results indicate the US Navy (USN) 40-mm ammunition can is suitable as a shipping container for Li/SO/sub 2/ batteries on passenger aircraft. To provide a further measure of safety, a sulfur dioxide getter was incorporated into the can. Studies indicated a commercial material, ASC carbon, is suitable for this purpose. The granular material was packaged in porous paper desiccant bags and placed in the can with the batteries and vermiculite. The batteries were vented inside the sealed can and the internal pressure monitored. Pressure returned to normal within several minutes, indicating that this arrangement should prevent sulfur dioxide (SO/sub 2/) gas ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Contents: expansion of pc mill application to plate mill and tandem cold mill; application of cluster type rolling mill (cr mill) for rolling of special steel (illustration); development of on-line roll grinding system with profile meter; development of new type jet pickling; new technology in continuous annealing furnace (illustration); anti-seismic testing system by 3-dimensional shaking table; development of mitsubishi hybrid desulfurization system; field performance of 500 mw advanced coal fired supercritical pressure operation boiler for unit no. 1 of tsuruga thermal power station, hokuriku electric power co., inc.; development of electronically controlled cylinder liner lubrication system for marine diesel engines; prediction technology on steady-state and transient performance of multi-air conditioners; a knowledge-based system approach to the autonomous piloting and navigation control of ships.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The PuO/sub 2/ cask or SP 5320-2 and 3 cask is designed for surface shipment of americium or plutonium. The cask design was physically tested to demonstrate that it met the criteria specified in US ERDA Manual Chapter 0529, and Chapter I, Interstate Commerce Commission. The package has been assessed for transport of up to 357 grams of plutonium (403 grams PuO/sub 2/ powder) and up to 176 grams of americium (200 grams AmO/sub 2/ powder), having a maximum decay heat of 203 watts. Criticality evaluation alone would allow the shipment as Fissile Class II but the radiation level of the cask, measured at the time of shipment, may exceed 50 mrem/h at the surface and require shipment as Fissile Class III. Sample calculations address only the more restrictive of the two materials, which in most cases is /sup 238/PuO/sub 2/.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The INCO ``INCOLOY 800`` trademark groups the Fe-Cr-Ni alloys containing 30 to 35% nickel, 19 to 23% chromium, 0,15 to 0,60% aluminium, 0,15 to 0,60% titanium and less than 0,10% carbon contents, used as construction materials for condenser and heat exchanger tubes. In parallel with water chemistry control and studies aimed at reducing the residual stresses resulting from tube expansion, studies have been conducted to a better understanding of this alloy, its metallurgy and its corrosion behaviour under accurately defined fabrication and heat treatment conditions. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a behaviour study of INDRET alloy 800 concerning isothermal relaxation and effects of the said relaxation heat treatments on alloy microstructure studied with a transmission electron-chemical method to determine the sensitiveness to intergranular corrosion, and by electrochemistry in pressurized hot water. (authors). 4 figs., 5 tabs., 7 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The report presents the results of the study carried out to estimate the accident risk involved in the transport of spent fuel from Rajasthan Atomic Power Station near Kota to the fuel reprocessing plant at Tarapur. The technique of probabilistic safety analysis is used. The fuel considered is the Indian pressurised heavy water reactor fuel with a minimum cooling period of 485 days. The spent fuel is transported in a cuboidal, naturally-cooled shipping cask over a distance of 822 km by rail. The Indian rail accident statistics are used to estimate the basic rail accident frequency. The possible ways in which a release of radioactive material can occur from the spent fuel cask are identified by the fault tree analysis technique. The release sequences identified are classified into eight accident severity categories, and release fractions are assigned to each. The consequences resulting from the release are estimated by the computer code RADTRAN 4. Results of the ...

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Recent changes in the US liability regime for oil pollution damage have intensified a policy debate about environmental liability limits. Economic theory suggests that some type of limit may be needed under certain conditions, and that such a limit should be set so that the marginal social benefit and cost are equal. However, it is unclear how a liability limit may be determined specifically for tanker shipping in US waters. We first examine conditions under which corner solutions (no liability or unlimited liability) are desirable. We then formulate a model to determine a socially optimal liability limit for oil pollution damage in US waters when a non-zero, finite liability limit is desirable. The model captures the tradeoff between less expensive energy supply and more stringent protection of the marine environment. Numerical simulations illustrate the properties of the model and major factors affecting the public policy decision regarding a liability limit. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper reports on the superiority of zeolites over amorphous solids which is well documented for solid acid catalysts of industrial use. Crystalline supports, likewise, open attractive perspectives for catalysis by metals, alloys, and ligated metal clusters. Size and location of clusters can be controlled by careful design of the preparation conditions. Pore dimensions control the access of reactants to active sites and escape paths for products. Cage dimensions determine which transition states can be attained; window apertures are functional in isolating metal clusters from each other, thus preventing ther coalescence and growth. The ship-in-a-bottle method permits deisgn of fairly large active complexes entrapped in zeolite cages. Orientation of non-spherical molecules in a zeolite proe helps to direct their collision with a metal particle to the head on mode; however, isolated Pt atoms hidden in niches of the pore walls can attack passing molecules at their ...

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As need for development of marginal and deepwater oil fields grows, demand increases for floating production vessels (FPVs) such as floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) units; spread-moored production semi-submersibles; and turret-moored production vessels. The FPV may be purpose-built; or an existing vessel such as an exploration drilling semi-sub or ship-shape vessel may be modified to suit the purpose. In either case, requirements for tensioning systems for the mooring lines on the FPV are quite unique, and are not without the potential for problems when traditional chain windlasses or wire rope systems are employed. This two-part article discusses the range of available technologies and systems for tensioning mooring lines on FPVs. It examines problems of size, weight and safety associated with some available designs; and it considers in detail a specific family of new units. Part 1, presented here, discusses the FPV market, worldwide potential ...

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The masses of proton rich nuclides in the vicinity of N=Z=43 were measured with the Penning trap mass spectrometer SHIPTRAP at GSI. These nuclei were produced in the fusion-evaporation reaction {sup 36}Ar+{sup 54}Fe at energies of 5.0 and 5.9 MeV/u and separated at the velocity filter SHIP. The data are of astrophysical interest since these nuclei are believed to be a part of the rp and {nu}p process paths. The masses of {sup 85}Mo and {sup 87}Tc were measured for the first time. The masses of another two nuclides, {sup 86,87}Mo, were determined for the first time in a direct mass measurement. For these nuclides the mass excess deviates from values of the 2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by up to 1.5 MeV, indicating a systematic shift of the mass surface in this region of the nuclear chart. Additionally, the masses of {sup 86}Zr and {sup 85}Nb were measured and found to be in agreement with the values obtained at JYFLTRAP. The experiment as well as preliminary data on ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The findings of a 9-month study of the feasibility of constructing and operating a 35 million gallon per year fermentation ethanol plant in the New Orleans area are presented. The unique features studied are the use of corn screenings, elevator by-products, and damaged grains as feedstock, and the use of municipal solid waste (MSW) as the process fuel. The plant will require investment outlays of $146 million, and the unit production cost for ethanol will be about $1.43 per gallon. The ethanol will be sold in the Louisiana and Texas markets. In Louisiana, gasohol benefits from an 8 cent per gallon state excise tax exemption as well as from the 4 cent per gallon federal excise tax exemption. The by-product, DDGS, will be sold to the overseas market. A large quantity of feedgrains and feedstuffs are exported from the port of New Orleans, and the plant's DDGS will have a price advantage over export feedgrains shipped from further inland.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ozone levels observed during a field campaign in Houston were significantly higher than that observed in Phoenix or Philadelphia. An examination of the slope of O(sub x) versus NO(sub z) in the urban plumes shows that NO(sub x) is used 2 to 3 times more efficiently in Houston as compared with Phoenix and Philadelphia. Representative values of OPEx are 7-12, 3, and 4, in Houston, Phoenix, and Philadelphia. Aircraft observations have been used to calculate P(O(sub 3))/P(NO(sub z)). Values in Houston are significantly higher than in Phoenix and Philadelphia. We show that P(O(sub 3))/P(NO(sub z)) is proportional to a VOC/NO(sub 2)-OH reactivity ratio. High values of P(O(sub 3))/P(NO(sub z)) in Houston are due to emissions of reactive olefins from the ship channel region. It is significant that high values of P(O(sub 3))/P(NO(sub z)) occur at NO(sub x) levels up to several 10's of ppb. Not only is the chemistry efficient but it will be long lasting. The occurrence of ...

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The Savannah River Site (SRS) is currently developing a new facility, the Actinide Packaging and Storage Facility (APSF), to process and store legacy materials from the United States nuclear stockpile. A variety of materials, with a variety of properties, packaging and handling/storage requirements, will be processed and stored at the facility. Since these materials are hazardous and radioactive, automation will be used to minimize worker exposure. Other benefits derived from automation of the facility include increased throughput capacity and enhanced security. The diversity of materials and packaging geometries to be handled poses challenges to the automation of facility processes. In addition, the nature of the materials to be processed underscores the need for safety, reliability and serviceability. The application of automation in this facility must, therefore, be accomplished in a rational and disciplined manner to satisfy the strict operational requirements of the facility. ...

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The Terra Nova offshore oil project is described, with emphasis on the construction of the Terra Nova Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessel, the first such vessel constructed for the harsh environment of the North Atlantic off Newfoundland, the site of an oil field that is expected to produce 125,000 to 150,000 barrels of oil per day starting in 2001. The vessel has a double-hull, made of 3,000 tons of reinforced steel to protect it from ice in the form of massive icebergs or crusty 'packs'. The vessel has the world's largest quick release turret, meaning that the vessel can be quickly disconnected from its turret and mooring in the event of an encroaching iceberg, and then reconnected in an environmentally sound way. Apart from its extremely rugged construction, protecting the FPSO vessel against icebergs is accomplished by way of 'hosing down' (by melting by powerful streams of water) or 'lassoing' (by ...

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Finding innovative ways to reduce waste streams generated at US Department of Energy (DOE) sites by 50% by the year 2000 is a challenge for DOE`s waste minimization efforts. A team composed of members from several DOE facilities used the quality tool known as benchmarking to improve waste minimization efforts. First the team examined office waste generation and handling processes at their sites. Then team members developed telephone and written questionnaires to help identify potential ``best-in-class`` industry partners willing to share information about their best waste minimization techniques and technologies. The team identified two benchmarking partners, NIKE, Inc., in Beaverton, Oregon, and Microsoft, Inc., in Redmond, Washington. Both companies have proactive, employee-driven environmental issues programs. Both companies report strong employee involvement, management commitment, and readily available markets for recyclable materials such as white paper and nonwhite assorted ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Calgary-based TAG Oil is an exploration company that manages 4.1 million acres of major producing oil and gas fields in New Zealand. The enormous Maui field, with 4 tcf of natural gas in place, has dominated the gas market in New Zealand by meeting nearly 90 per cent of the country's energy demand at costs much lower than world prices. However, the maturing field is in decline and will cease production by 2008. New gas field discoveries will only meet 60 per cent of the country's energy requirements for 5 additional years. Unless new large reserves of gas are discovered, the supply and demand situation will get worse. Lead time to place new production on-stream requires 5 to 10 years, which creates a large supply gap over the next decade. Public resistance to coal-fired power plants, new hydroelectric dams and nuclear power has left the country with no viable alternative to natural gas. TAG Oil has taken this unique opportunity to create value when gas demand is at its maximum and ...

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The verification of the subcriticality is of utmost importance for the safe transportation and storage of nuclear reactor fuels. Transportation containers and storage facilities are designed such that nuclear fuels remain in a subcritical state. Such designs often involve excess conservatism because of the lack of relevant experimental data to verify the accuracy of Monte Carlo codes used in nuclear criticality safety analyses. A joint experimental research program between Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Westinghouse Safety Management Solutions, Inc., and the University of Missouri was initiated to obtain measured quantities that could be directly related to the subcriticality of simple arrays of Missouri University Research Reactor (MURR) fuel elements. A series of measurement were performed to assess the reactivity of materials such as BORAL, stainless steel, aluminum, and lead that are typically used in the construction of shipping casks. These materials were ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The first Russian reprocessing facility, known as RT-1 (located at PA-Mayak in Ural region) was started on the radiochemical plant base in 1977. Nowadays RT-1 is the sole operating reprocessing plant in Russia. The main features of RT-1 is its broad spectrum of reprocessing spent nuclear fuels (SNF). The following spent fuel types are reprocessed: -) SNF from PWR reactors (WWER-440) and FB reactor (BN-600); -) SNF of transport ship reactors; -) production reactors SNF; -) research reactor spent nuclear fuel. The world-known technological processes are used at RT-1, but there are the following distinctive features. First, the universality of the three technological lines which allows not only the reprocessing of various SNF kinds, but also to implement the combined reprocessing of some types of them. Secondly, extraction of neptunium during SNF reprocessing which is used to implement its separate storage and for radioisotope production. Thirdly, target enrichment of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has many R and D facilities in operation. including HANARO research reactor, radioactive waste treatment facility (RWTF), post-irradiation examination facility (PIEF) and irradiated material test facility (IMEF). Recently. nation-wide interest is focused on the safety and security of major industrial facilities. Safe operation of nuclear facilities is imperative because of the consequence of public disaster by radiological release/contamination, in case of an accident. Recently, Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of the Korean government announced amendments of Atomic Energy laws to enforce requirements of the physical protection and radiological emergency. All provisions on nuclear safety regulation and radiation protection are entrusted to the Atomic Energy Act(AEA). The Act is enacted as the main law concerning the safety regulation of nuclear installations, and is supplemented by the Enforcement Decree and Enforcement ...

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Radioiodinated 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3,3-dimethylpentadecanoic acid (DMIPP) has been prepared as a new terminal iodophenyl-substituted fatty acid containing dimethyl-branching at the beta-position. Iodine-125-labeled DMIPP showed rapid, high myocardial uptake (min, mean % injected dose/g) in fasted rats (5, 4.67; 30, 5.06; 60, 4.79; 120, 4.37), and also exhibited high heart:blood ratios (min, ratio) 5, 3:1; 30, 12:1; 60, 12:1; 120, 13:1. These data demonstrate an unanticipated much longer myocardial residence time with DMIPP (+/sub 1/2/ 7-8 h) than observed with either the 3-monomethyl (BMIPP) analogue (+/sub 1/2/ 30-45 min) or the rapidly metabolized straight-chain (IPP) analogue (+/sub 1/2/ 10-15 min). The (/sup 123/I)DMIPP is thus an excellent candidate for clinical evaluation of regional fatty acid metabolism under conditions where the uptake of energy substrates can be assessed independent of regional blood delivery. Studies with the new activated carbon-based osmium-191/iridium-191m ...

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Pipeline leak detection technologies can be classified according to their specificity, such as their application to offshore or onshore installations or to multi-phase or single-phase flow regimes. They can also be classified according to the technology on which they are based. Available technologies can be categorized into the following 4 groups: (1) compensated mass balance, solving steady state equations which model a specific pipeline, known as real time mode (RTM), (2) the same as group 1, but solving transient equations, known as real time transient model (RTTM), (3) pressure wave behavior, and (4) statistical modeling. Hybrids schemes can also be found. Effective leak detection systems are needed to address the increasing transformation of very large crude cargo (VLCC) ships into floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) systems. These operations make use of short and large diameters exporting lines, and often involve the use of hoses instead of ...

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Work over the last few years at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has included a major focus on applying human performance and human reliability knowledge and methods as an integral element of system design and development. This work has been pursued in programs in a wide variety of technical domains, beginning with nuclear power plant operations. Since the mid-1980`s the laboratory has transferred the methods and tools developed in the nuclear domain to military weapons systems and aircraft, offshore oil and shipping operations, and commercial aviation operations and aircraft design. Through these diverse applications the laboratory has developed an integrated approach and framework for application of human performance analysis, human reliability analysis (HRA), operational data analysis, and simulation studies of human performance to the design and development of complex systems. This approach was recently tested in the NASA ...

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Occurrence and distribution of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in and around the off-shore wind farm on Horns Reef, Denmark, was investigated. This report describes data collected in 2003 as part of an ongoing monitoring program, covering a period before construction of the wind farm (baseline), the construction period in 2002 and one year following construction of the wind farm. Data from acoustic dataloggers (T-PODs) and visual surveys conducted from ships confirmed the presence of harbour porpoises inside the wind farm area during all periods investigated. Comparison with baseline data from 1999-2001 and with control areas outside the wind farm did not show a statistical significant change in sighting rates inside the wind farm area in the first year following construction relative to baseline. T-POD data showed a pronounced effect of the construction of the wind farm on the indicators 'encounter duration' (measure of how long porpoises ...

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There are at present 116 floating production systems and 60 storage vessels dotting the oceans involved in hydrocarbon exploration and production activities. Although concentrated mostly in the North Sea, they can be found also off the coast of Australia, eastern Canada, Brazil, some African nations and the Gulf of Mexico. They range from converted tankers to purpose built rigs. The most adaptable of the various systems is the floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel, first developed as a cost-effective means of developing fields in Brazil's very deep offshore areas. Still being tested and modified for work in widely different environments, FPSOs appear to have met all requirements in producing expenditure efficiencies, maximizing profits, and protecting workers. One of the most efficient and most technically advanced is a 292-metre long FPSO built for the Terra Nova Alliance by Daewoo Shipyards in South Korea. It arrived at Newfoundland's Bull Arm ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper introduces the disposal procedures of the old reactor pressure vessel head. Reactor pressure vessel (RPV) heads were replaced successfully in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant. The on-site treatment and disposal of replaced heads was thereafter implemented. This is the first time in China for large size radioactive article disposal. To guarantee the safety of old head treatment, issues of radiation protection have to be taken into account. Dose rate distribution of the old head surface and radioactivity were initially calculated according to the operation history and the neutron flux rate of the reactor. Shielding calculation and package design was thereafter worked out based on the data obtained from the old head, e.g. neutron flux, sorts of nuclides, radioactivity and dose rates. Shielding package was afterwards manufactured in special factories and transported to Daya Bay NPP site by truck and ship. The shielding package was designed relatively simple, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This book summarizes the research that has been conducted in Canada over the past five years on the issue of climate change impacts on key sectors such as water resources, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, coastal zones, transportation, and human health and well-being. The book refers to the growing evidence that climate change is occurring. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) believes that these changes have already contributed to increases in annual precipitation, cloud cover and extreme temperatures over the last 50 years. It suggests that it in order to develop an effective strategy for adaptation, it is necessary to understand the vulnerability of each sector to climate change in terms of the nature of climate change, the climatic sensitivity of the region being considered, and the capacity to adapt to the changes. Adaptation will require a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in order to lower the rate of climate change. Problems associated with water resources ...

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The CANDU-type nuclear fuel localization project started in 1981, and mass-production system completed in 1987 through the pilot scale demonstration of fuel manufacturing. Since the completion of the mass-production system, about 24,000 fuel bundles (450 ton-U) had been delivered to Wolsung Nuclear Power Plant by the end of 1992, according to the fuel supply contracts with KEPCO. The superiority of KAERI-made nuclear fuel has been demonstrated by having achieved the highest utilization factor in the world in 1992. In 1993, as contracted, 4,824 fuel bundles well fabricated and delivered to Wolsung Nuclear Power Plant. The process improvement, quality control, safety management, safeguards of nuclear materials and various kinds of audits have also been performed in the course for fuel manufacturing. Especially in 1993, the difficulties of the reduction of participating work-force were overcome by improving the manufacturing techniques, and raising the efficiency of the works, which ...

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Located approximately 350 km east of Newfoundland, on the eastern edge of the Jeanne d'Arc Basin, and approximately 50 km from both the Terra Nova and Hibernia oilfields, the White Rose oilfield is considered the main oil producing basin off the eastern coast of North America. Husky Oil is very active in the region and holds almost 32 per cent net working interest in the Significant Discovery License areas in the Jeanne d'Arc basin. The development of an economically significant oil discovery in the White Rose Significant Discovery Area is being proposed jointly by Husky Oil and Petro-Canada. It is estimated that the project would enable the recovery of an estimated 36 million cubic meters (230 million barrels) of recoverable oil in this area that covers approximately 40 square kilometers. The operators propose to use a ship-shaped floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) facility which could store up to 135,000 cubic meters (850,000 ...

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The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)-Carlsbad Field Office (CBFO) has developed draft documentation to present the proposed Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) remote-handled (RH-) transuranic (TRU) waste characterization program to its regulators, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the New Mexico Environment Department. Compliance with Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 191 and 194; the WIPP Land Withdrawal Act (PL 102-579); and the WIPP Hazardous Waste Facility Permit, as well as the Certificates of Compliance for the 72-B and 10-160B Casks, requires that specific waste parameter limits be imposed on DOE sites disposing of TRU waste at WIPP. The DOE-CBFO must control the sites' compliance with the limits by specifying allowable characterization methods. As with the established WIPP contact handled TRU waste characterization program, the DOE-CBFO has proposed a Remote-Handled TRU Waste Acceptance Criteria (RH-WAC) document consolidating the requirements from ...

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The US National Energy Policy of 2001 advocated the development of advanced fuel and fuel cycle technologies that are cleaner, more efficient, less waste-intensive, and more proliferation resistant. The need for advanced fuel development is emphasized in on-going DOE-supported programs, e.g., Global Nuclear Energy Initiative (GNEI), Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI), and GEN-IV Technology Development. The Directorates of Energy & Environment (E&E) and Chemistry & Material Sciences (C&MS) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) are interested in advanced fuel research and manufacturing using its multi-disciplinary capability and facilities to support a design concept of a small, secure, transportable, and autonomous reactor (SSTAR). The E&E and C&MS Directorates co-sponsored this Laboratory Directed Research & Development (LDRD) Project on Mono-Uranium Nitride Fuel Development for SSTAR and Space Applications. In fact, three out ...

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Canada's offshore Atlantic petroleum industry is celebrating its tenth anniversary in 2001. This article chronicles the development of the industry discussing the many challenges and setbacks and the eventual triumphs that accompanied the industry's development over the years. Highlights discussed include shipping first oil from the Cohasset Field in July 1992; the financial crisis caused by the withdrawal of Gulf Oil from the Hibernia consortium in the same year; new funding and the beginning of the gravity-based structure construction at Bulls Arm in 1993; striking oil in the Hibernia Field in 1994; the start of exploration and development of the Terra Nova field by Petro-Canada in the same year, based on the floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) system, which heralded a new era of offshore development in eastern Canada. Approval by the Nova Scotia government of the third and final phase of the Sable Offshore Energy Project followed ...