Insecticidal activity of Piper essential oils from the Amazon against the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Souto, R N P; Harada, A Y; Andrade, E H A; Maia, J G S

2012-12-01

Pepper plants in the genus Piper (Piperales: Piperaceae) are common in the Brazilian Amazon and many produce compounds with biological activity against insect pests. We evaluated the insecticidal effect of essential oils from Piper aduncum, Piper marginatum (chemotypes A and B), Piper divaricatum and Piper callosum against workers of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), as well as their chemical composition by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) in 48 h was obtained with the oil of P. aduncum (58.4 mg/L), followed by the oils of P. marginatum types A (122.4 mg/L) and B (167.0 mg/L), P. divaricatum (301.7 mg/L), and P. callosum (312.6 mg/L). The major chemical constituents were dillapiole (64.4%) in the oil of P. aduncum; p-mentha-1(7),8-diene (39.0%), 3,4-methylenedioxypropiophenone (19.0%), and (E)-β-ocimene (9.8%) in P. marginatum chemotype A and (E)-isoosmorhizole (32.2%), (E)-anethole (26.4%), isoosmorhizole (11.2%), and (Z)-anethole (6.0%) in P. marginatum chemotype B; methyleugenol (69.2%) and eugenol (16.2%) in P. divaricatum; and safrole (69.2%), methyleugenol (8.6%), and β-pinene (6.2%) in P. callosum. These chemical constituents have been previously known to possess insecticidal properties.

Preferência de saúva limão, Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908 (Hymenoptera, formicidae a diferentes espécies florestais, em condições de laboratório

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Otávio Filho Peres

2002-01-01

Full Text Available It was evaluated the cutting ant preference of Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908, to native and exotic forest tree species, in laboratory conditions. The most preferred species were: gmelina ( Gmelina arborea, leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala, caesalpinia (Caesalpinia ferrea, albizzia (Albizia lebbeck and enterolobium (Enterolobium contortisiliquum and the less preferred ones were: eucalypt (Eucalyptus grandis, jequitiba (Cariniana strellensis and guazuma (Guazuma tomentosa .

PREFERÊNCIA DE SAÚVA LIMÃO, Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908 (HYMENOPTERA, FORMICIDAE A DIFERENTES ESPÉCIES FLORESTAIS, EM CONDIÇÕES DE LABORATÓRIO

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Otávio Peres Filho

2002-08-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a preferência de saúva limão, Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908, para 41 espécies florestais nativas e exóticas, em condições de laboratório. As espécies mais transportadas foram gmelina (Gmelina arborea, leucena (Leucaena leucocephala, pau-ferro (Caesalpinia ferrea, albizia (Albizia lebbeck e orelha-de-negro (Enterolobium contortisiliquum e as menos transportadas foram eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis, jequitibá (Cariniana strellensis e mutamba (Guazuma tomentosa .

Preferência de saúva limão, Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908 (Hymenoptera, formicidae a diferentes espécies florestais, em condições de laboratório.

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Otávio Peres Filho

2010-08-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a preferência de saúva limão, Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908, para 41 espécies florestais nativas e exóticas, em condições de laboratório. As espécies mais transportadas foram gmelina (Gmelina arborea, leucena (Leucaena leucocephala, pau-ferro (Caesalpinia ferrea, albizia (Albizia lebbeck e orelha-de-negro (Enterolobium contortisiliquum e as menos transportadas foram eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis, jequitibá (Cariniana strellensis e mutamba (Guazuma tomentosa.

Saksa maaligeenius Kumus

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

2008-01-01

Gerhard Richteri (sünd. 1932) maalinäitus Kumu Kunstimuuseumis, koostaja Saksa Välissuhete Instituut. Tõnis Saadoja näitus "Mainstream" Kumu Kunstimuuseumis, kus eksponeeritakse segatehnikas portreesid, mis on inspireeritud G. Richteri sarjast "48 portreed"

Redescription of some South American species of Belonuchus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, with a checklist of the southern South American species of the genus Redescripción de algunas especies sudamericanas de Belonuchus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, con una lista de las especies del género del sur de América del Sur

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Mariana Chani-Posse

2011-12-01

Full Text Available Six species of Belonuchus Nordmann, 1837 from South America are redescribed and illustrated: B. aluticollis (Bernhauer, 1921, B. castaneus Chani-Posse, 2006, B. flavicoxis (Bernhauer, 1912, B. multipunctatus (Coiffait, 1981, B. richteri (Bernhauer, 1912 and B. weiserianus (Bernhauer, 1921. A checklist of the 23 species of Belonuchus currently known from southern South America is appended. A lectotype is designated for B. richteri Bernhauer, 1922.Seis especies de Belonuchus Nordmann, 1837, de América del Sur se redescriben e ilustran: B. aluticollis (Bernhauer, 1921, B. castaneus Chani-Posse 2006, B. flavicoxis (Bernhauer, 1912, B. multipunctatus (Coiffait, 1981, B. richteri (Bernhauer, 1912 y B. weiserianus (Bernhauer, 1921. Se provee una lista de las 23 especies actualmente conocidas del sur de América del Sur. Se designa el lectotipo de B. richteri Bernhauer, 1922.

Comparative reproductive biology of the social parasite Acromyrmex ameliae de Souza, Soares & Della Lucia and of its host Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Science.gov (United States)

Soares, Ilka M F; Della Lucia, Terezinha M C; Pereira, Alice S; Serrão, José E; Ribeiro, Myriam M R; De Souza, Danival J

2010-01-01

Social parasites exhibit several characteristics that allow them to exploit their host species efficiently. The smaller size of parasite species is a trait commonly found in ants. In this work, we investigated several aspects of the reproductive biology of Acromyrmex ameliae De Souza, Soares & Della Lucia, a recently discovered parasite of Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus Forel. Sexuals of A. ameliae are substantially smaller than those from host species. Parasite queens laid significantly less worker eggs than host queens and inhibit sexual production of the host. The sex ratio of parasite species is highly female biased. Interestingly, we have observed parasite coupling on the laboratory, inside the nests and in the ground, opening the possibility to use controlled mating to study genetic approaches of parasitism in the ants.

Vegetation Changes in a Native Forest Produced by Atta vollenweideri Forel 1893 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Nests.

Science.gov (United States)

Sabattini, J A; Sabattini, R A; Cian, J C; Sabattini, I A

2018-02-01

Herbivory is an important factor to generate spatial mosaics with variations in a plant community composition and organization. The objective of this work was to determine the impact of Atta vollenweideri Forel 1893 nests on herbaceous and shrub vegetation in a degraded native forest of the Espinal ecoregion. The study was carried out in the Protected Area and Multiple Use Nature Reserve called Estancia "El Carayá" (Entre Ríos, Argentina). Ten A. vollenweideri nests were selected by simple random sampling through internal roads, and two transects were drawn from the center of the nest (0 m) up to 60 m away in opposite directions. The line intercept method was used to quantify the percentage of vegetation cover of herbaceous and shrub species, while the floristic composition was estimated by the Canfield method. Afterwards, a nonparametric test between positions and a conglomerate analysis to evaluated distance were applied. Grass species, legumes, and sedges fell in the adjacent areas to nests, highlighting the bare soil at the crest and base of the nests. Fifteen plant species were identified, and two families correspond to monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous species. In conclusion, the nests of A. vollenweideri affect the community of herbaceous and shrub vegetation of the studied degraded native forest of the Espinal ecoregion since these ants perform a high selection of herbaceous species considered as pioneers of plant successions.

Comparative Immature Morphology of Brazilian Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Solenopsis

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Eduardo Gonçalves Paterson Fox

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Although common in Brazil, the biology of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Smith is still poorly studied. Larval descriptions are useful to genus-level ant systematics and sometimes to species-level taxonomy. This study presents a detailed description of juveniles of S. saevissima from Brazil, which were compared with Brazilian specimens of Solenopsis invicta Buren, Solenopsis geminata (Fabricius, and Solenopsis altipunctata Pitts. Different larval instars were separated by diagnostic morphological traits which were confirmed by observing moults. Reproductive larvae could be easily sorted by their distinctive body dimensions and shape. Contrary to previous reports on this species, the larvae of S. saevissima proved to be generally identical to those of S. invicta, while a few specimens resembled those of other close species, such as Solenopsis megergates Trager. Mature larvae thus presented considerable intraspecific variation in some characters recently proposed to aid fire ant species separation (morphology of head hairs.

Classifying Natural Waters with the Forel-Ule Colour Index System: Results, Applications, Correlations and Crowdsourcing

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Shungudzemwoyo P. Garaba

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Societal awareness of changes in the environment and climate has grown rapidly, and there is a need to engage citizens in gathering relevant scientific information to monitor environmental changes due to recognition that citizens are a potential source of critical information. The apparent colour of natural waters is one aspect of our aquatic environment that is easy to detect and an essential complementary optical water quality indicator. Here we present the results and explore the utility of the Forel-Ule colour index (FUI scale as a proxy for different properties of natural waters. A FUI scale is used to distinguish the apparent colours of different natural surface water masses. Correlation analysis was completed in an effort to determine the constituents of natural waters related to FUI. Strong correlations with turbidity, Secchi-disk depth, and coloured dissolved organic material suggest the FUI is a good indicator of changes related to other constituents of water. The increase in the number of tools capable of determining the FUI colours, (i ocean colour remote sensing products; (ii a handheld scale; and (iii a mobile device app, make it a versatile relative measure of water quality. It has the potential to provide higher spatial and temporal resolution of data for a modernized classification of optical water quality. This FUI colour system has been favoured by several scientists in the last century because it is affordable and easy to use and provides indicative information about the colour of water and the water constituents producing that colour. It is therefore within the scope of a growing interest in the application and usefulness of basic measurement methodologies with the potential to provide timely benchmark information about the environment to the public, scientists and policymakers.

Classifying Natural Waters with the Forel-Ule Colour Index System: Results, Applications, Correlations and Crowdsourcing.

Science.gov (United States)

Garaba, Shungudzemwoyo P; Friedrichs, Anna; Voß, Daniela; Zielinski, Oliver

2015-12-18

Societal awareness of changes in the environment and climate has grown rapidly, and there is a need to engage citizens in gathering relevant scientific information to monitor environmental changes due to recognition that citizens are a potential source of critical information. The apparent colour of natural waters is one aspect of our aquatic environment that is easy to detect and an essential complementary optical water quality indicator. Here we present the results and explore the utility of the Forel-Ule colour index (FUI) scale as a proxy for different properties of natural waters. A FUI scale is used to distinguish the apparent colours of different natural surface water masses. Correlation analysis was completed in an effort to determine the constituents of natural waters related to FUI. Strong correlations with turbidity, Secchi-disk depth, and coloured dissolved organic material suggest the FUI is a good indicator of changes related to other constituents of water. The increase in the number of tools capable of determining the FUI colours, (i) ocean colour remote sensing products; (ii) a handheld scale; and (iii) a mobile device app, make it a versatile relative measure of water quality. It has the potential to provide higher spatial and temporal resolution of data for a modernized classification of optical water quality. This FUI colour system has been favoured by several scientists in the last century because it is affordable and easy to use and provides indicative information about the colour of water and the water constituents producing that colour. It is therefore within the scope of a growing interest in the application and usefulness of basic measurement methodologies with the potential to provide timely benchmark information about the environment to the public, scientists and policymakers.

Redescription of some South American species of Belonuchus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, with a checklist of the southern South American species of the genus

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Mariana CHANI-POSSE

2011-01-01

Full Text Available Seis especies de Belonuchus Nordmann, 1837, de América del Sur se redescriben e ilustran: B. aluticollis (Bernhauer, 1921, B. castaneus Chani-Posse 2006, B. flavicoxis (Bernhauer, 1912, B. multipunctatus (Coiffait, 1981, B. richteri (Bernhauer, 1912 y B. weiserianus (Bernhauer, 1921. Se provee una lista de las 23 especies actualmente conocidas del sur de América del Sur. Se designa el lectotipo de B. richteri Bernhauer, 1922.

Survey of Attini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Eucalyptus plantations in the region of Paraopeba, Minas Gerais, Brasil

OpenAIRE

Araújo, Márcio S.; Delia Lucia, Terezinha M.C.; Mayhé-Nunes, Antonio J.

1997-01-01

This Work was conducted in Eucalyptus stands at the Itapoã farm of the Mannesmann Fi-El Florestal Ltda. in Paraopeba, MG. The species of fungus growing-ants and leaf-cutting ants found in regrowth areas and in harvesting phase plantings were: Acromyrmex balzani Emery, 1890; Acromyrmex laticeps nigrosetosus Forel 1908; Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus Forel, 1893; Atta laevigala (F. Smith, 1858); Alta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908; Mycocepurus goeldii Forel, 1893; Sericomyrmex sp.; Trach...

Levantamento de Attini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae em povoamento de Eucalyptus na região de Paraopeba, Minas Gerais, Brasil Survey of Attini (Hymenoptera, Formicidae in Eucalyptus plantations in the region of Paraopeba, Minas Gerais, Brasil

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Márcio S. Araújo

1997-01-01

Full Text Available This Work was conducted in Eucalyptus stands at the Itapoã farm of the Mannesmann Fi-El Florestal Ltda. in Paraopeba, MG. The species of fungus growing-ants and leaf-cutting ants found in regrowth areas and in harvesting phase plantings were: Acromyrmex balzani Emery, 1890; Acromyrmex laticeps nigrosetosus Forel 1908; Acromyrmex subterraneus subterraneus Forel, 1893; Atta laevigala (F. Smith, 1858; Alta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908; Mycocepurus goeldii Forel, 1893; Sericomyrmex sp.; Trachymyrmex fuscus Emery, 1894 and three morphospecies of Trachymyrmex Forel, 1893. Taxa belonging to the genus Atta Fabricius, 1804 represented 39.14 and 41.22% of the total number of nests found in the regrowth area and in the harvesting phase plantings, respectively. For Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865 these values were 14.34 and 13.16%; for Trachymyrmex, 40.59 and 30.89%; for Mycocepurus Forel, 1893, 5.34 and 12.50% and Sericomyrmex Mayr, 1865, 0.59 and 2.23% in the regrowth area and in the harvesting phase plantations, respectively.

Me aiaäärne tsivilisatsioon / Andri Ksenofontov

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Ksenofontov, Andri, 1962-

2008-01-01

Gerhard Richteri näitus "Ülevaade" 6. VI-17. VIII ja Eha Komissarovi kureeritud eesti kunstnike linnakeskkonna-teemaline näitus "Koht, mis paneb liikuma" 20. VI-17. VIII Kumu Kunstimuuseumis. Lühidalt Tõnis Saadoja Gerhard Richteri portreede seeriast "Mainstream" Kumu Kunstimuuseumis. Maarit Murka töödest, Kaarel Nurga fotodest, Anton Kooviti, Uku ja Remi grafititoast, Raoul Kurvitza arvutiinstallatsioonist "Pentatonic Color System II" (helilooja Ariel Lagle), Reet Ausi, Marit Ahvena,Ville Hyvöneni, Hula, EKA moedisaini ja Tartu Kõrgema Kunstikooli tekstiili- ja fotoosakonna projektist "Üle prahi", Kaido Ole installatsioonist "Koosolek"

V strane piramid : zhizn i trudõ Otto Friedricha von Richtera / Sergei Stadnikov ; tõlk. Veronika Einberg

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Stadnikov, Sergei, 1956-

2003-01-01

Vastse-Kuustest pärit egüptoloogist Otto Friedrich von Richter'ist (1791-1816). Richteri ja Lindmani Egiptuse-Nuubia ekspeditsioonist, Tartu Ülikooli Muinasteaduse muuseumile annetatud kollektsioonist

Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae

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Ana Ješovnik

2017-04-01

Full Text Available The genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini is a Neotropical group of fungus-farming ants known for its problematic taxonomy, caused by low morphological variability across the species, vague and old species descriptions, and an outdated and incomplete key published in 1916. Recent molecular studies revealed that Sericomyrmex is the product of a rapid recent radiation, with a divergence date of 4.3 million years ago. Here we present a comprehensive taxonomic revision of the genus Sericomyrmex based on morphology and a recently published molecular phylogeny. We discuss and illustrate morphological characters for Sericomyrmex workers, males, queens, and larvae. We report 18 standard morphological measurements and 5 indices for 529 workers, 50 queens, and 39 males, which we employ in morphometric analyses. The revised genus Sericomyrmex comprises eleven species, including three new species, here described as S. maravalhas sp. n., S. radioheadi sp. n., and S. saramama sp. n. We also redescribe S. amabilis Wheeler, S. bondari Borgmeier, S. lutzi Wheeler, S. mayri Forel, S. opacus Mayr, S. parvulus Forel, S. saussurei Emery, and S. scrobifer Forel. The number of recognized species (11 is lower than the previously recognized 19 species and 3 subspecies. The following species and subspecies are synonymized: under S. opacus [=S. aztecus Forel syn. n., S. zacapanus Wheeler syn. n., and S. diego Forel syn. n.]; under S. bondari [=S. beniensis Weber syn. n.]; under S. mayri [=S. luederwaldti Santschi syn. n., S. moreirai Santschi syn. n., S. harekulli Weber syn. n., S. harekulli arawakensis Weber syn. n., S. urichi Forel syn. n.]; under S. saussurei [=S. burchelli Forel syn. n., S. impexus Wheeler syn. n., S. urichi maracas Weber syn. n.]; and under S. parvulus [=S. myersi Weber syn. n.]. We provide a key to Sericomyrmex species for the worker caste and information on the geographic distributions of all species.

Kunstitudeng müügiks / Miriam Dagan

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Dagan, Miriam

2006-01-01

Saksamaa näitel eri riikides ilmneva tendentsi üle, kus üliõpilased hakkavad juba õpingute ajal galeriide kaudu oma loomingut müüma. Neo Rauchi, Daniel Richteri õpilastest. Galerist Sebastian Klemmi seisukohtadest

Musik går direkte i kroppen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Erik

2016-01-01

Erik Christensen, som er musikforsker, indkredser på kort form her, hvad neurovidenskaben foreløbigt kan sige om effekten af at musicere og lytte til musik......Erik Christensen, som er musikforsker, indkredser på kort form her, hvad neurovidenskaben foreløbigt kan sige om effekten af at musicere og lytte til musik...

Extracted Venom and Cuticular Compounds of Imported Fire Ants, Solenopsis spp., and Chemotaxonomic Applications Across a Persistent Hybrid Zone

Science.gov (United States)

Characterization of cuticular biomolecular assemblages for imported fire ants permit basic distinctions among colonies of S. invicta, S. richteri, and their hybrids; thus, providing opportunities to investigate details of landscape ecology for this species complex as well as to assess levels of inva...

New urban theory

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Grønlund, Bo

2002-01-01

Concept of urbanity, urban theory a short overview, Johan Asplund, William Whyte, Henri Lefebvre, Richard Serenelt, Bill Hillrer and Spree Syntax Analyses. Forelæsningsnoter til kursus 3.314 i 2001 og 3.308 i 2002.......Concept of urbanity, urban theory a short overview, Johan Asplund, William Whyte, Henri Lefebvre, Richard Serenelt, Bill Hillrer and Spree Syntax Analyses. Forelæsningsnoter til kursus 3.314 i 2001 og 3.308 i 2002....

Hirst kukkus Christie'sis läbi

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

1998-01-01

Christie'si kunstioksjon 8. ja 9. X Londonis. Isiklike müügirekorditeni tõusid Felix Gonzalez-Torrese, Jeff Walli ja Anish Kapoori tööde hinnad. Damien Hirst müüs ühe maali. Ostjat ei leidnud Gerhard Richteri maal 'Seestück', oksjoni kalleim töö

EFEITO DE FORMULAÇÕES GRANULADAS DE DIFERENTES PRODUTOS QUÍMICOS E À BASE DE FOLHAS E DE SEMENTES DE GERGELIM, Sesamum indicum, NO CONTROLE DE FORMIGUEIROS DE Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908 (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE

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Alberto Dorval

2003-09-01

Full Text Available Avaliou-se a eficiência de diferentes iscas formicidas comercializadas e de outras fabricadas artesanalmente à base de gergelim, Sesamum indicum, no controle de formigueiros de saúva-limão, Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908. O experimento foi realizado em reflorestamento de Eucalyptus camaldulensis com dez anos de idade e dois de rebrota. Foram empregados dez tratamentos, incluindo a testemunha, tendo como ingredientes ativos: clorpirifós, sulfluramida, fipronil, farinha de folhas de gergelim (15%, farinha de sementes de gergelim (10%, 20% e 30%. A verificação da mortalidade dos formigueiros foram realizadas aos 30, 60, 90 e 150 dias após o tratamento. As iscas mais eficientes foram à base de sulfluramida e fipronil, seguida da formulação à base de farinha de folhas de gergelim (15%. As iscas à base de sulfluramida e de fipronil atingiram o controle máximo na avaliação dos 30 dias enquanto as iscas à base de folhas de gergelim (15% apresentou controle satisfatório só a partir da terceira avaliação, isto é, aos 90 dias. Contudo, os resultados obtidos com a isca à base de folhas de gergelim (15% são encorajadores, mostrando que estudos posteriores deverão ser realizados.

Síndrome de Horner após cirurgia estereotáxica para doença de Parkinson Horner syndrome after stereotactic Parkinson's surgery

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Luiz A. Rogano

2003-06-01

Full Text Available Apresentamos estudo de dez pacientes com doença de Parkison, que foram submetidos a procedimentos ablativos estereotáxicos percutâneos e que desenvolveram síndrome de Horner ipsilateral imediatamente após a lesão. Sete pacientes foram submetidos a palidotomia, dois a subtalamotomia (campotomia de Forel e talamotomia e um paciente a subtalamotomia. Sete desenvolveram miose e os dez desenvolveram semiptose ipsilateral à lesão. A ocorrência da síndrome de Horner resulta possivelmente de lesão de fibras simpáticas entre o hipotálamo, campo de Forel e tálamo.We present ten patients with Parkinson's disease who underwent stereotactic ablative radiofrequency procedures. Seven patients underwent pallidotomy, two subthalamotomy and VIM, and one subthalamotomy. Seven developed miosis and all semiptosis ipsilateral immediately after the procedure. The occurrence of Horner's syndrome is probably due to the lesion of sympathetic fibers among hypothalamus, Forel's field and thalamus after the stereotactic procedure.

Opgavesamling Biokemi 1

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Bjergegaard, Charlotte

Opgavesamling til bachelorkurset LKEB10077 Biokemi 1. Opgaverne er et supplement til forelæsninger og øvelser og har til formål at støtte op om indlæringen af biokemien. Der er inkluderet ret grundige løsninger til de enkelte opgaver.......Opgavesamling til bachelorkurset LKEB10077 Biokemi 1. Opgaverne er et supplement til forelæsninger og øvelser og har til formål at støtte op om indlæringen af biokemien. Der er inkluderet ret grundige løsninger til de enkelte opgaver....

Wave Star

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kramer, Morten; Frigaard, Peter; Brorsen, Michael

Nærværende rapport beskriver foreløbige hovedkonklusioner på modelforsøg udført på Aalborg Universitet, Institut for Vand, Jord og Miljøteknik med bølgeenergianlægget Wave Star i perioden 13/9 2004 til 12/11 2004.......Nærværende rapport beskriver foreløbige hovedkonklusioner på modelforsøg udført på Aalborg Universitet, Institut for Vand, Jord og Miljøteknik med bølgeenergianlægget Wave Star i perioden 13/9 2004 til 12/11 2004....

The avant-garde is not dead / René Block ; intervjueerinud Eero Epner

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Block, René, 1942-

2010-01-01

Intervjuu saksa galeristi ja kuraatori René Blockiga, kes 1964. a. avas Berliinis galerii, kus eksponeeris J. Beuysi, S. Polke, G. Richteri jt. töid. Töötamisest kuraatorina alates 1970. aastatest, biennaalide tulevikust, avangardist. René Blocki galeriis 1966. a. toimunud Joseph Beuys'i performance'ist "Kuidas seletada kunsti surnud jänesele", millest inspireerituna teater NO99 lõi samanimelise lavastuse

Londoni aruanne / Jaan Elken

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Elken, Jaan, 1954-

2009-01-01

Näitus "Uus kunst Lähis-Idast" Saatchi galeriis. Prantsuse installatsioonikunstniku Anette Messageri näitus "The Messengers" ("Sõnumitoojad") ja Mark Wallingeri kureeritud näitus "Russian linesman" ("Vene piirikohtunik") Haywardis Southbank Centre's. Tate triennaali näitus "Altermodern" ("Vana modernism"), kuraator Nicolas Bourriaud. Valik Pablo Picasso töödest "Challenging the past" ("Minevikku vaidlustades") The National Gallery's. Saksa maalikunstniku Gerhard Richteri näitus National Portrait Gallery's

Ocorrência de formigas Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865, em alguns municípios do Brasil - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v27i2.1322 Occurrence of ants Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865 in some cities of Brasil - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v27i2.1322

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Luiz Carlos Forti

2005-03-01

Full Text Available Espécies de Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865, foram coletadas em vários municípios do Brasil, nos seguintes estados: de Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Amapá, e também no Paraguai e no Uruguai, visando atualizar a ocorrência das mesmas. Os exemplares coletados nas viagens foram identificados no laboratório da Fca/Unesp/Botucatu-SP. Foram registradas, pela primeira vez, as ocorrências de A. rugosus rugosus (F. Smith, 1858 no Paraná, em Rondônia e em Santa Catarina; de A. subterraneus subterraneus (Forel, 1893 no Amapá e na Bahia; de A. diasi (Gonçalves, 1982 no Rio Grande do Sul e no Paraná; de A. coronatus (Fabricius, 1804 no Paraná; de A. balzani (Emery, 1890 no Amapá e de A. subterraneus brunneus (Forel, 1911 em GoiásIt were collected species of Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865 in many brazilian cities from Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Rondônia and Amapá states and in Paraguay and Uruguay, with the purpose to bring up-to-date their occurrence. Specimens collected on trips were identified at laboratory of Fca/Unesp/Botucatu-SP. It were recorded, for the first time, the occurrence of A. rugosus rugosus (F. Smith, 1858 in Paraná, Rondônia and Santa Catarina states; A. subterraneus subterraneus (Forel, 1893 in Amapá and Bahia; A. diasi Gonçalves, 1982 in Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná states; A. coronatus (Fabricius, 1804 in Paraná; A. balzani (Emery, 1890 in Amapá and A. subterraneus brunneus (Forel, 1911 in Goiás

A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae of Andorra

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Abel Bernadou

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Within the last decade, checklists of the ant fauna of several European countries have been published or updated. Nevertheless, no ant checklists have hitherto been published for the principality of Andorra, a small landlocked country located in the eastern part of the Pyrenees. This work presents a critical list of the ant species of Andorra based on a review of the literature and on the biological material we collected during several field campaigns conducted in Andorra since the year 2005. Seventy-five species belonging to 21 genera of Formicidae were recorded. Nine species were recorded for the first time in Andorra: Aphaenogaster gibbosa (Latreille, 1798, Camponotus lateralis (Olivier, 1792, Camponotus piceus (Leach, 1825, Formica exsecta Nylander, 1846, Lasius piliferus Seifert, 1992, Tapinoma madeirense Forel, 1895, Temnothorax lichtensteini (Bondroit, 1918, Temnothorax niger (Forel, 1894, Temnothorax nigriceps (Mayr, 1855. The most speciose genera were Formica Linnaeus, 1758 and Temnothorax Forel, 1890 with 14 and 12 species, respectively. The ant fauna of Andorra is mostly dominated by Central European species (some are typical cold climate specialists; however species belonging to the Mediterranean ant fauna were also found. This can be explained by the particular geographic situation of Andorra which is characterized by a high mountain Mediterranean climate.

Prospecção hidrobiológica da Baía de Sepetiba Color and transparence of waters of Sepetiba Bay, in Rio de Janeiro State

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Lejeune P. H. de Oliveira

1971-01-01

Full Text Available Côr das águas de Sepetiba; as pròpriamente marítimas, pela Escala de Forel e as outras côres aparentes totais feitas por comparação com escalas de SÉGUY e com o Dicionário de Côres de MAERZ & PAUL, 1950. Côr Forel nº6 mostrava no litoral cirrípedes como a Tetraclita squamosa, nas rochas; Águas com a cianofícea planctônica Trichodesmium erythraeum tinham côr de "fôlha de bananeira" ou alpine green. O verde esmeralda mais intenso no local 7, com plancto maciço da diatomácea Coscinodiscus; a parte central da Baía com 150 [quilometros quadrados], cheia de larvas de camarão Penaeus schmidti, águas de cõr de ferrugem nas superfícies das águas; os estuários côr caramelo, isabellinus e bistre. Êste levantamento preliminar serve para comparações futuras, pois a Baía de Sepetiba ainda não é poluída. Futuramente haverá um pôrto de minérios com 3.000.000 de toneladas anuais, cais do pôrto, siderúrgicas e outras indústrias que a poluirão. Várias cõres de águas poluídas da Baía de Guanabara, como águas negras, águas côr de asfalto e outras escurecidas não foram encontradas em Sepetiba. Também não foram encntradas "águas vermelhas" com plancto predominante de dinoflagelados do que já vimos na Baía de Guanabara seguidos de mortandadas de peixes. A fig. 3 mostra as curvas de transparência, e a relação entre côr e transparência é dada para as côres totais aparentes. Foi marcado o coeficiente de extinção da luz K, pelo cálculo a partir do Disco de Secchi. Havendo poluições todos êsses dados que apresentamos deverão ser alterados.The apparent total color of sea by comparison with samples tested by "MAERZ & PAUL: A Dictionary of Colors, 1950". We find green colors of Forel Scale: Forel n. 5 in waters with Pheophyceae, Sargassum, and Rhodophyceae; Forel n. 6 waters in stones with the Cirripedia, the barnacle Tetraclita squamosa; the alpine green in waters with Trichodesmium exuthraeum. Emerald

Digital vejledningsdidaktik

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Hansen, Jens Jørgen; Remvig, Kirstin

2015-01-01

Working paperet præsenterer det foreløbige forskningsarbejde med at udvikle, konceptualisere og designe syv modeller for uddannelse, vejledning og support af Lektier Online: Lektier Onlines uddannelseskoncept, Lektievejlederens logik, Lektievejlederens kompetenceprofil, Vejledningskompasset, Vejl...

31 CFR Appendix B to Chapter V - Alphabetical Listing of Vessels That Are the Property of Blocked Persons or Specially Designated...

Science.gov (United States)

2010-07-01

.../A State Org. of Iraqi Ports FLYING DRAGON CUBA Flight Dragon Shipping Ltd., Malta FOREL IRAQ Iraqi... SHIPPING CO. LTD. (SDN) SHABOOT IRAQ Iraq Fish 1,163 HNLK Rafidain Fisheries Co. Ltd. SHATT AL BASRAH IRAQ...

Preliminary evaluation of boron release and biological resistance of ...

African Journals Online (AJOL)

user

2011-03-07

Mar 7, 2011 ... 2Forel Marketing and Foreign Trade Inc., Istanbul, Turkey. 3Architectural ... Leachates sampled from the leaching cycles for 10 days and extracts from treated wood specimens were analyzed for boron content. Treated wood ...

Removal and Burial of Weed Seeds by Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) From the Soil Surface of a Cropped Area in Western Australia.

Science.gov (United States)

Minkey, D M; Spafford, H

2016-10-01

Although granivorous ants are known to collect weed seeds from cropping areas in Australia, the fate of these seeds has not been adequately investigated. Seeds of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaud.) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) were placed around the nests of five native ant species (Iridomyrmex greensladei Shattuck, Rhytidoponera metallica Smith, Melophorus turneri Forel, Monomorium rothsteini Forel, and Pheidole hartmeyeri Forel) and tracked continuously over a 24-h period. Removal rates and seed preference of the ant species were evaluated. Ant nests were then excavated to determine the placement of seeds that were taken into each nest. Seed preference, seed removal efficiencies, activity, and seed storage all varied between the ant species. Annual ryegrass seed was collected by three species of ants and was removed from the soil surface more efficiently than wild radish seed. Most ant species stored seed below ground at a depth that is inhibitory to emergence, thereby potentially removing that portion of seed from the seed bank, but some seed was placed at germinable depths. Pheidole hartmeyeri was identified as a likely biological control agent for annual ryegrass seeds and wild radish, while Me. turneri and Mo. rothsteini have potential as biocontrol agents for annual ryegrass, but further research is needed. © The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Poseidon's paintbox : historical archives of ocean colour in global-change perspective

Science.gov (United States)

Wernand, M. R.

2011-11-01

In the thesis introduction issues are discussed on the historical background of marine optics and on marine optical devices that were used over the past centuries to observe and measure; as in all sciences, in marine optics we can see a steady development: that of ‘measuring’, beginning many centuries ago, to 'knowing' and since less than a century to the understanding of the phenomenon. Hereafter, six themes are treated successively. The first theme, ‘Ocean optics from 1600 (Hudson) to 1930 (Raman), shift in interpretation of natural water colouring’, addresses the question of why it took so long a time to explain the phenomenon ‘the colouring of the sea’, especially the blue colour, despite the age-long interest of sailors, for practical purposes of navigation and detection of fish - of which more later. The second theme ‘On the history of the Secchi disc’, describes the search to establish methods for the determination of (sea) water clarity concerning purposes of navigation (near coast colour changes) just mentioned to detect shoals, and for a more basic purpose, tracing lost objects. The search to determine the clarity of lakes and seas culminated in the invention of the Secchi disc, used since the late 19th century. The third theme, ‘Spectral analysis of the Forel-Ule ocean colour comparator scale’, addresses the accuracy of a colour scale proposed, used in limnology and oceanography. Scale observations are put into perspective with contemporary measurements on the colour of the sea. The fourth theme, ‘Ocean colour changes in the North Pacific since 1930’, handles the question whether long-term ocean colour changes using historic Forel-Ule observations, in this part of the ocean made very frequently over time, can be determined in relation to global change. In principal global warming may cause a gradual change in ocean colour due to the effect of biological, chemical and physical aspects of the ocean-surface. The fifth theme, �

A revision of the genus Kaszabister Mazur (Histeridae, Histerinae, Exosternini

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Nicolas Degallier

2012-06-01

Full Text Available We revise the four species of Kaszabister Mazur, 1972, one of which, Kaszabister barrigai sp. n., is described as new. The other species in the genus are K. rubellus (Erichson, 1834, K. ferrugineus (Kirsch, 1873 and K. carinatus (Lewis, 1888. The species are principally known from the subtropics of South America, with one in Central America. Lectotypes are designated for K. rubellus and K. ferrugineus, and a key is provided for all the species. Ants of the genus Solenopsis Westwood, mainly S. invicta Buren and S. saevissima (Smith, are documented as hosts of three of the four species.

Car pour finir, tout retourne á la mer

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ryborg Jørgensen, Thomas

2003-01-01

Læsning af Le Corbusiers Dominikanske Kloster Sainte Marie de La Tourette. Teksten er et foreløbigt delresultat af Thomas Ryborg Jørgensens Phd-afhandling der er under udarbejdelse på Kunstakademiets Arkitektskole, med forventet færdiggørelse 2005...

Essere un Medico di base

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Olesen, Henning Salling

2006-01-01

Artiklen præsenterer foreløbige resultater fra livshistorisk forskning i alment prkatiserende lægers professionsidentitet og læring i praksis. Med eksempel i medicin skitseres en analysemodel, og et empirisk eksempel fra undersøgelsen gennemgås kortfattet....

Quality in VPL

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Ulla Nistrup; Hansen, Kirsten Aagaard; Andersson, Per

2017-01-01

Artiklen præsenterer den nordiske model for kvalitet i realkomptencer (validering) og kvalitetsbegrebet i forhold til realkompetencer Forskningsprojektets interaktive tilgang bliver kort introduceret. De foreløbige resultater fra tre casestudier i Danmark, Finland og Sverige bliver præsenteret og...

The Palace of Maussollos in Halikarnassos and Some Thoughts on its Karian and International Context

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Pedersen, Poul

2009-01-01

En foreløbig publicering af resultaterne af Halikarnassosprojektets undersøgelser af resterne af Maussollos' Palads under korsridderborgen i Bodrum, Tyrkiet. Desuden en perspektivering af paladsets rolle som et af de første ved indgangen til den hellenistisk-romerske verden....

Hvad er textil design?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Riisberg, Vibeke

2002-01-01

I denne forelæsning fokuseres på textildesign udfra følgende fire aspekter: Konstruktion, taktilitet, funktion og dekoration. Via konstruktionen bliver textilet en fysisk realitet, taktilitet bibringer det specifikke egenskaber, der har betydning for anvendelsen og appellerer til følesansen. Funk...

Medieudsigt: Undersøgende journalistisk på vej fra Vest

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mogensen, Kirsten

2005-01-01

En ny bølge af undersøgende journalistik forudses. Denne genres historie og samfundsmæssige forudsætninger beskrives. Objektivitet og neutralitet som journalistiske normer diskuteres med udgangspunkt i en forelæsning af professor John C. Schweitzer, Bradley Universitet, Illinois....

Lange »krigsballetter«

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Petersen, Hanne

2016-01-01

Artiklen undersøger Den Westfalske Fred (1648) og Tredveårskrigen (den lange krigsballet) i lyset af nutidige langvarige krigsballetter, der foreløbig har karakteriseret det meste af det 21. århundrede. Begge er fragmenterede, brutale, kyniske, og karakteriseret af reseksualiseret voldsanvendelse...

Phases in Envrionmental Protection

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Klemmensen, Børge

2007-01-01

Med udgangspunkt i dikotomien mellem privat og offentlig - mellem natur og vareproduktion i stor skala - gennemgåes de væsentlige faser i miljøreguleringen på EU-niveau og Globalt niveau - med sustainability som den foreløbigt sidst formulerede strategi....

Biases in ocean color over a Secchi disk

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Pitarch, J.

2017-01-01

The oldest record of ocean color measurements consists of visual comparisonsto a standardized color scale, the Forel-Ule scale (FU). Analysis of FU archived dataallows the construction of a century-long time series. In situ protocols of FUmeasurements require the perceived color to be estimated over

Lærernes perspektiv på ’Motion og bevægelse’ i udskolingen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jørgensen, Henrik Taarsted

tematisering er dermed i højere grad datadrevet end begrebsdrevet. (Kvale & Brinkmann 2009, Braun & Clarke 2006). Analysearbejdet er imidlertid også inspireret af en socioøkologisk model (Bronfenbrenner 1979, McLeroy et al. 1988) og af agency-begrebet (Priestley, Biesta & Robinson 2015). Foreløbige fund viser...

See This Sound

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kristensen, Thomas Bjørnsten

2009-01-01

Anmeldelse af udstillingen See This Sound på Lentos Kunstmuseum Linz, Østrig, som markerer den foreløbige kulmination på et samarbejde mellem Lentos Kunstmuseum og Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Media.Art.Research. Udover den konkrete udstilling er samarbejdet tænkt som en ambitiøs, tværfaglig...

Good or bad credits from European sources?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Czeskleba-Dupont, Rolf

2010-01-01

statsbudgetter kunne aflastes væsentligt gennem låntagning på EU-plan, hvorigennem grebet i skatteborgernes lommer kunne mindskes. Via kapitalmarkederne kunne opsparing omsættes i investeringer, hvis der forelå enighed om fornuftige projekter som f.eks. på energi- og klimaområdet med massiv støtte til el...

Good or bad credits from European sources?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Czeskleba-Dupont, Rolf

statsbudgetter kunne aflastes væsentligt gennem låntagning på EU-plan, hvorigennem grebet i skatteborgernes lommer kunne mindskes. Via kapitalmarkederne kunne opsparing omsættes i investeringer, hvis der forelå enighed om fornuftige projekter som f.eks. på energi- og klimaområdet med massiv støtte til el...

Kina som stormagt i Arktis

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Nørup Sørensen, Camilla Tenna

I slutningen af januar 2018 offentliggjorde Kina sin længe ventede Arktisstrategi. Den står som en foreløbig kulmination på de senere års udvikling af et mere selvsikkert, proaktivt og sofistikeret kinesisk diplomati i Arktis. Beijing har intensiveret bestræbelserne på at etablere stærke og...

Finansielt tilsyn/finansiel stabilitet/kundeinteresser

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Lennart Lynge

2011-01-01

I artiklen drøftes, om finansiel stabilitet og kundeinteresser kan forenes. Artiklen bygger på en forelæsning, hvor forudsætningen var, at der i dag er stigende interesse for kundernes forhold. Afgrænsningen af problemstillingerne skal ses i det lys. Det påvises, at der må arbejdes med begrebet “...

Designprocesser og arbejdsmiljø: Udvikling af ny teknologi til fødevareindustrien

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Broberg, Ole

1999-01-01

Dette papir handler om muligheder og betingelser for at inddrage arbejdsmiljøhensyn i designprocesser. Baggrunden for det er, at jeg har haft mulighed for at følge udviklingen af en ny maskine til fødevareindustrien næsten lige fra de grundlæggende idéer blev udviklet og foreløbig frem til i dag,...

Genetablering af skov på stormfaldsarealer ved naturlig foryngelse

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Brunner, Andreas; Petersen, Flemming Rune

foryngelse i forsøget blev registreret intensivt de første fire år efter stormfaldet i 1999. Resultaterne er foreløbige på grund af den korte tidshorisont, men viser, at det er muligt at genetablere skov på stormfaldsarealer ved hjælp af naturlig foryngelse. Foryngelsen kan i vid udstrækning bygge på de...

Musica Humana og musikterapi

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Schou, Karin

2005-01-01

I pressen har Musica Humanas projekter på flere danske sygehuse jævnligt været omtalt i de seneste to år, særligt i forbindelse med udgivelsen af serien MusiCure’s foreløbig fire Cd’er. Ordet ’musikterapi’ er blevet anvendt til beskrivelse af disse projekters metode. I artiklen redegøres for defi......I pressen har Musica Humanas projekter på flere danske sygehuse jævnligt været omtalt i de seneste to år, særligt i forbindelse med udgivelsen af serien MusiCure’s foreløbig fire Cd’er. Ordet ’musikterapi’ er blevet anvendt til beskrivelse af disse projekters metode. I artiklen redegøres...... for definitioner af relevante niveauer af musikterapi i denne sammenhæng; Musica Humanas formål; MusiCure’s tilblivelse; baggrunden for og relevansen af en musikterapeuts tilstedeværelse i Musica Humana, samt hvilken rolle musikterapeuten kan spille i denne sammenhæng. Medlemmer af Musica Humanas styregruppe...... bidrager med udsagn om deres opfattelse af relevansen af en musikterapeut som ressourceperson i Musica Humana....

Revision of the Malagasy Camponotus edmondi species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Formicinae): integrating qualitative morphology and multivariate morphometric analysis.

Science.gov (United States)

Rakotonirina, Jean Claude; Csősz, Sándor; Fisher, Brian L

2016-01-01

The Malagasy Camponotus edmondi species group is revised based on both qualitative morphological traits and multivariate analysis of continuous morphometric data. To minimize the effect of the scaling properties of diverse traits due to worker caste polymorphism, and to achieve the desired near-linearity of data, morphometric analyses were done only on minor workers. The majority of traits exhibit broken scaling on head size, dividing Camponotus workers into two discrete subcastes, minors and majors. This broken scaling prevents the application of algorithms that uses linear combination of data to the entire dataset, hence only minor workers were analyzed statistically. The elimination of major workers resulted in linearity and the data meet required assumptions. However, morphometric ratios for the subsets of minor and major workers were used in species descriptions and redefinitions. Prior species hypotheses and the goodness of clusters were tested on raw data by confirmatory linear discriminant analysis. Due to the small sample size available for some species, a factor known to reduce statistical reliability, hypotheses generated by exploratory analyses were tested with extreme care and species delimitations were inferred via the combined evidence of both qualitative (morphology and biology) and quantitative data. Altogether, fifteen species are recognized, of which 11 are new to science: Camponotus alamaina sp. n. , Camponotus androy sp. n. , Camponotus bevohitra sp. n. , Camponotus galoko sp. n. , Camponotus matsilo sp. n. , Camponotus mifaka sp. n. , Camponotus orombe sp. n. , Camponotus tafo sp. n. , Camponotus tratra sp. n. , Camponotus varatra sp. n. , and Camponotus zavo sp. n. Four species are redescribed: Camponotus echinoploides Forel, Camponotus edmondi André, Camponotus ethicus Forel, and Camponotus robustus Roger. Camponotus edmondi ernesti Forel, syn. n. is synonymized under Camponotus edmondi . This revision also includes an identification key to

Humboldt, un prusiano en la Corte del Rey Carlos IV

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Puig-Samper, Miguel Ángel

1999-08-01

Full Text Available The study of Alejandro de Humboldt's transit through Spain and particularly Madrid, has been one of the forgotten aspects of his historiography. The reasons that would explain the approval by king Charles IV of his trip, involving the minister Mariano de Urquijo and the embassador of Sajonia, baron of Forell, are not sufficiently documented due to the scarce data that Humboldt himself offered in his work and to the absence of any other supporting documents. This work studies the preparation of his American trip and its approval by the Spanish court. It incorporates the Memorandum presented —which was «lost» until now—, the autobiography submitted to the authorities and the references given by Philippe de Forrell. Furthermore, it analyses his relationships with the Spanish scientific community in Madrid and the profile of the team that supported him to achieve his targets.

El estudio del paso de Alejandro de Humboldt por España y especialmente por Madrid ha sido tradicionalmente uno de los aspectos más olvidados en la historiografía humboldtiana. La repetición de los pocos datos que él mismo ofreció en su obra y la falta de documentos ha hecho insuficiente la explicación de cómo fue aprobado su viaje por el rey Carlos IV, con la intervención del ministro Mariano Luis de Urquijo y del embajador de Sajonia, barón de Forell. En el presente trabajo se estudia la preparación de su viaje americano y su aprobación en la Corte española, aportando la Memoria presentada —abasta ahora «perdida»—, la autobiografía que elevó a las autoridades y el aval de Philippe de Forell. Asimismo se analizan sus relaciones con los científicos españoles en Madrid y el perfil del grupo que le ayudó a conseguir sus objetivos.

Forløbsundersøgelsens data

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Dines

2012-01-01

Oversigt over BFU's (forløbsundersøgelsen af danske børn født i 1995) foreløbigt fem første dataindsamlinger og forbindelsen til de tilsvarende forløbsundersøglser af anbragte børn født i 1995 (AFU) samt etniske børn født i 1995 (EFU). Der redegøres for respondenttyper og spørgemåde i de enkelte ...

Den mobile trussel?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Andersen, Tem Frank

2015-01-01

For nogle år siden var jeg gæsteunderviser på det Informationsvidenskabelige Akademi. Jeg skulle undervise i vidensmedier, og til en af forelæsningerne om sandhed havde jeg sat de studerende til at læse et uddrag af Umberto Ecos ”Foucaults Pendul”. En del af konteksten var også, at der på det tid...... tidspunkt var blevet bragt en artikelserie i dagspressen omkring ”generation dum”....

Aktiv Undervisning: Et Flipped Læringsdesign af Kursusmoduler på Videregående Uddannelser

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mirnes Tulic

2017-03-01

Full Text Available Artiklens formål er at undersøge potentialerne i anvendelse af digitale værktøjer i didaktisk design af kursusmoduler på videregående uddannelser med henblik på at fremme læringen og optimere undervisningstiden. Det antages at den digitale revolution, som i dag har stor indflydelse på vores hverdag, har ændret den måde vi tilgår, skaber, deler og udveksler viden, og som konsekvens er den traditionelle forelæsning ikke længere er velegnet til dybdelæring. Der tages udgangspunkt i et kursusmodul ved ingeniøruddannelsen Arkitektur, Design og Mediateknologi, der omhandler bærende konstruktioner i arkitektur. Kurset er struktureret efter den problem- og projekt-baserede lærings-model og intentionen er at udvikle en ny undervisningsform der tager responsen i betragtning, som er modtaget af undervisere og studerende gennem kvalitative og kvantitative undersøgelser af nuværende forhold på kursusmodulet. Artiklen præsentere en ’flipped learning’ tilgang der anvender onlineundervisnings teknologier i kombination med ’gamification’ principper til at danne et stimulerende online læringsmiljø. Ved anvendelse af online undervisning til teoretiske principper og begreber, er det hensigten at transformere den traditionelle præsentationslektion til aktiv læring i forelæsningslokalet, baseret på dialog i plenum.

Evaluation of the possible role of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae as mechanical vectors of nematodes and protists

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Fabio Villani

2008-10-01

Full Text Available Nematodes and protists can be transmitted to humans in many ways and little concern has been given to the mechanical transmission by ants. This study aimed at analysing how the eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and cysts of Entamoeba coli could be mechanically transmitted to the man by Formicidae. Through the experiments using nests of Tapinoma melanocephalum, Linepithema humile and Monomorium pharaonis reared in the laboratory allied to observations of some 17 ant species in an urban park area in Mogi das Cruzes (SP, it was found that L. humile was capable of carrying eggs of A. lumbricoides both in the field and laboratory conditions (1 worker, as well as was Camponotus rufipes (2, Solenopsis saevissima (1 and Acromyrmex niger (1. The cysts of Escherichia coli were found over three workers of C. rufipes. Although the frequency of the workers found transporting pathogens was low, the capacity of common household species in carrying pathogens like nematodes and protists was demonstrated.Os Nematoda e Protista podem ser transmitidos ao homem de diversas maneiras, mas pouca ênfase é dada para a transmissão mecânica por intermédio de formigas. Assim, esse trabalho procurou investigar a transmissão mecânica de ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides e cistos de Entamoeba coli pelos Formicidae. Através de experimentos com espécies mantidas em ninhos no laboratório (Tapinoma melanocephalum, Linepithema humile e Monomorium pharaonis e com 17 espécies de formigas de uma área antropizada na região de Mogi as Cruzes (SP, foi possível constar que os ovos A. lumbricoides foram transportados por L. humile, tanto no campo (1 operária como no laboratório (1 operária, por Camponotus rufipes (2, por Solenopsis saevissima (1 e por Acromyrmrex niger (1. Em três operárias de C. rufipes foram encontrados cistos de E. coli. Apesar da baixa incidência de transporte, as três primeiras espécies pelo fato de viverem muito próximas ao ser humano, podem levar para

Universets – foreløbigt – mindste planet er fundet!

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Rørbæk, Rasmus; Philippsen, Bente

2013-01-01

Et internationalt forskerhold har analyseret målinger fra Kepler-satellitten og fundet den mindste planet, man endnu har registreret i Universet. ’Stellar Astrophysics Centre’ på Aarhus Universitet har deltaget i arbejdet med at finde og karakterisere den lille planet, der er på størrelse med vores...

Udviklingen i frivilligt arbejde 2004-2012: Foreløbige analyser

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fridberg, Torben; Skov Henriksen, Lars; Qvist, Hans-Peter

at belyse ændringer i den danske befolknings frivillige indsats siden 2004, hvor den første omfattende undersøgelse blev gennemført i regi af det internationale Johns Hopkins University Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project (Koch-Nielsen m.fl., 2005). Den aktuelle undersøgelse har været gennemført som et...... followup-studie af Johns Hopkins undersøgelsen med de definitioner af frivilligt arbejde og klassifikationer af organisationsområder, der var gældende for denne undersøgelse. Undersøgelsen er således gennemført med identiske metoder med henblik på at sikre en så stor grad af sammenlignelighed mellem de......, og som har tilstrækkelige danskkundskaber til at interviewet kunne gennemføres på dansk, deltog i denne del af undersøgelsen. SFI-Survey har stået for dataindsamlingen i begge tilfælde. Spørgeskemaet, der ligger til grund for undersøgelsens analyser, kan se på forskernetværket CiFri’s hjemmeside: www...

ESCO-samarbejde: en vej til energioptimering

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Jesper Ole; Nielsen, Susanne Balslev

2013-01-01

Som forvaltere af bygningsporteføljer er mange danske kommuner i gang med en strategi for energioptimering af eksisterende bygninger. Overvejelserne går på mål og visioner, in-house eller outsourcing af opgaverne, samt vurderinger af konkrete tiltag. En ny rapport opsamler de foreløbige erfaringe...... med brug af ESCO (Energy Service Companies) til energieffektivisering i kommunale bygninger. Målgruppen for rapporten er primært kommunerne, men også andre bygningsejere kan finde inspiration og vejledning til energioptimering i FM....

Hatefulle ytringer. Delrapport 2: Forskning på hat og diskriminering

OpenAIRE

Eggebø, Helga; Stubberud, Elisabeth

2016-01-01

De siste årene har hatefulle ytringer blitt aktualisert som et viktig demokratisk spørsmål på den offentlige og politiske dagsordenen. Likevel finnes det foreløpig lite forskningsbasert kunnskap om hatefulle ytringer i norsk sammenheng. Denne rapporten har som formål å samle, oppsummere og vurdere forskning som belyser sammenhengen mellom hatefulle ytringer og diskriminering, mobbing og vold på den ene siden, og forskning om konsekvenser for samfunnet og for de gruppene som er utsatt på den a...

Bernhard von Gudden, neuro-ophthalmology and the Munich School of Neuroanatomy and Psychiatry.

Science.gov (United States)

Danek, Adrian

2006-12-01

Bernhard von Gudden, psychiatrist to the Royal House of Bavaria (1824-1886), had studied ocular torsion by means of self-observation in the mirror and with the help of after-images for his dissertation of 1848, but later turned to experimental neuroanatomy. Several findings are connected with his name, among them the transverse peduncular tract, part of the accessory optic system. August Forel, Emil Kraepelin and Franz Nissl belonged to his Munich school that took neuroanatomical research as a guiding principle for scientific psychiatry.

How much variation can one ant species hold? Species delimitation in the Crematogaster kelleri-group in Madagascar.

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Bonnie B Blaimer

Full Text Available We investigated the species-level taxonomy of the Malagasy Crematogaster (Crematogaster kelleri-group and an additional more distantly related species of the same subgenus. Morphological data from worker, queen and male ants, as well as genetic data from three nuclear genes (long wavelength rhodopsin, arginine kinase and carbomoylphosphate synthase and one mitochondrial marker (cytochrome oxidase I led to the recognition of six species. Within the C. kelleri-group, three new species are described: C. hazolava Blaimer sp. n., C. hafahafa Blaimer sp. n. and C. tavaratra Blaimer sp. n. The previously described taxa C. kelleri Forel and C. madagascariensis André are validated by our analysis. Conversely, our data suggests synonymy of C. adrepens Forel (with C. kelleri and C. gibba Emery (with C. madagascariensis. A more distantly related and phylogenetically isolated species, C. tsisitsilo Blaimer sp. n., is further described. We report high levels of morphological and molecular variation in C. kelleri and illustrate that this variation can be explained partly by geography. Species descriptions, images, distribution maps and identification keys based on worker ants, as well as on queen and male ants where available, are presented for all six species. Our work highlights the elevated species richness of Crematogaster ants throughout Madagascar's humid forests, especially in the far northern tip of the island, and the need to use multiple data sources to ensure clear demarcation of this diversity.

Design i Danmark = Danish Design?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lentz, Uffe

2003-01-01

Titlen på denne forelæsning har 3 led skønt det ser ud som om der er 4. Design i Danmark er en geografisk afgrænsning af et ikke særligt veldefineret begreb, der både kan dække over ting og aktiviteter, mens Danish Design er en fælles hat man har markedsført en række produkter under, for at få...... værdiopfattelse før fra det ene produkt til det andet. Et Brand ville det hedde i dag....

Positive-Strand RNA Viruses Infecting the Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Steven M. Valles

2012-01-01

Full Text Available The imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta and S. richteri were introduced into the USA between 1918 and 1945. Since that time, they have expanded their USA range to include some 138 million hectares. Their introduction has had significant economic consequences with costs associated with damage and control efforts estimated at 6 billion dollars annually in the USA. The general consensus of entomologists and myrmecologists is that permanent, sustainable control of these ants in the USA will likely depend on self-sustaining biological control agents. A metagenomics approach successfully resulted in discovery of three viruses infecting S. invicta. Solenopsis invicta virus 1 (SINV-1, SINV-2, and SINV-3 are all positive, single-stranded RNA viruses and represent the first viral discoveries in any ant species. Molecular characterization, host relationships, and potential development and use of SINV-1, SINV-2, and SINV-3 as biopesticides are discussed.

New Carcharhiniform Sharks (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the Early to Middle Eocene of Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula

Science.gov (United States)

Engelbrecht, Andrea; Mörs, Thomas; Reguero, Marcelo A.; Kriwet, Jürgen

2018-01-01

Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula, is known for its wealth of fossil remains. This island provides one of the richest fossiliferous Paleogene sequences in the world. Chondrichthyans seemingly dominate this Eocene marine fauna and offer a rare insight into high-latitude faunas during the Palaeogene. So far, only a few isolated teeth of carcharhinid sharks have been reported from Seymour Island. Bulk sampling in the well-exposed La Meseta and Submeseta formations yielded new and abundant chondrichthyan material, including numerous teeth of carcharhinid and triakid sharks. Here, we present a reevaluation of the previously described carcharhinid remains and a description of new taxa: Meridiogaleus cristatus, gen. et sp. nov., Kallodentis rythistemma, gen. et sp. nov., Abdounia richteri, sp. nov., and Abdounia mesetae, sp. nov. The carcharhiniforms Mustelus sp. and Galeorhinus sp. are reported based on rare material, whereas teeth previously assigned to Scoliodon represent a nomen dubium. PMID:29551850

MERIS-based ocean colour classification with the discrete Forel-Ule scale

NARCIS (Netherlands)

Wernand, M.R.; Hommersom, A.; van der Woerd, H.J.

2013-01-01

Multispectral information from satellite borne ocean colour sensors is at present used to characterize natural waters via the retrieval of concentrations of the three dominant optical constituents; pigments of phytoplankton, non-algal particles and coloured dissolved organic matter. A limitation of

The Aenictus ceylonicus species group (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Aenictinae from Southeast Asia

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Weeyawat Jaitrong Jaitrong

2013-03-01

Full Text Available The genus Aenictus is a diverse group of army ants in the Old World tropics and subtropics. The Southeast Asian species of the Aenictus ceylonicus group are revised to include twenty-three species (4 named and 19 new species: Aenictus appressipilosus sp. n., A. baliensis sp. n., A. brevipodus sp. n., A. concavus sp. n., A. cylindripetiolus sp. n., A. eguchii sp. n., A. formosensis Forel, 1913 stat. n., A. fuchuanensis Zhou, 2001, A. gonioccipus sp. n., A. itoi sp. n., A. jawadwipa sp. n., A. khaoyaiensis sp. n., A. lifuiae Terayama, 1984, A. longicephalus sp. n., A. maneerati sp. n., A. minipetiolus sp. n., A. pilosus sp. n., A. pinkaewi sp. n., A. sundalandensis sp. n., A. thailandianus Terayama & Kubota, 1993, A. watanasiti sp. n., A. wilaiae sp. n., and A. wiwatwitayai sp. n. Aenictus ceylonicus var. formosensis Forel is removed from synonymy with A. ceylonicus and raised to full species. Lectotype and paralectotypes are designated for A. ceylonicus. Redescriptions of Aenictus ceylonicus (Mayr, 1866 (India and Sri Lanka and A. doryloides Wilson, 1964 (India are provided. The queen of A. cylindripetiolus is described. A key to the Southeast Asian species of the group is given based on the worker caste. Most of the Southeast Asian species of this species group have more or less limited distribution ranges. This may be due to the poor dispersal ability generally seen among the Aenictus species, in which the propagule (reproductive unit is an apterous queen plus accompanying workers.

Perception of Blended Learning Inventory (PoBLi)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lassesen, Berit; Stenalt, Maria Hvid; Rossen, Dorte Sidelmann

-to-face med online læring (Blended Learning). I et studie fandt Ellis og kolleger (2006), at undervisere, der overvejende havde opfattelsen af, at de studerende lærte ved, at han/hun formidlede viden til dem, havde en simpel, fragmenteret opfattelse af potentialet ved BL. Derimod syntes en mere......) underviseres oplevelse af undervisningsmiljøet Resultater: Spørgeskema og resultaterne af de foreløbige analyser vil blive præsenteret og diskuteret. Perspektiver: PoBLi-projektet vil bidrage til den eksisterende forskning vedrørende rationalet for inddragelse af blended learning-formatet i...

Fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae on Santa Catarina Island, Brazil: patterns of occurrence

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Benedito Cortês Lopes

2000-06-01

Full Text Available A taxonomic survey on fungus-growing ants (Attini was made at 14 beaches on Santa Catarina Island (SC, Brazil. The samplings were manual, in soil or litterfall, in the following habitats: sandy beach, herbaceous vegetation and shrubby vegetation. From 12 species of Attini (ten of Acromyrmex Mayr and two of Cyphomyrmex Mayr, the most frequent were Cyphomyrmex morschi Emery and Acromyrmex crassispinus Forel, collected, respectively, on eight and ten of the monitored beaches. Altogether, Sorensen’s similarity coefficients were high (range: 0.59-0.80, in spite of the lower numbers of ant species on sandy beaches

Foreløbige resultater af screening for abdominalt aortaaneurisme i Viborg Amt

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Lindholt, J S; Fasting, H; Henneberg, E W

1997-01-01

The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and ruptured AAA is increasing. One to three percent of deaths among 65-80 year-old males are caused by AAA. Sixty-six to ninety-five percent of ruptured AAA are lethal, while elective resection has a 3-6% operative mortality. Most AAA's are asymp...

ABS – Arkitektonisk kvalitet i fremtidens læringsrum på universitetet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Cecilie Breinholm; Harder, Henrik; Knudstrup, Mary-Ann

forskningsprojektets hypoteser om, at den fysiske kontekst er af betydning for læringssituationen i den pågældende fysiske kontekst, samt at der dermed er forskel på læringssituationen i de to fysiske kontekster, der danner genstand for empiri-indsamlingen i dette studie. Dog har den fysiske kontekst ikke alene af...... den fysiske kontekst og læringssituationen i den pågældende fysiske kontekst. Dog vil den anvendte metode kunne benyttes i videre forskning på baggrund af ovenstående foreløbige konklusioner, og hvor eksempelvis den sociale kontekst, lovgivning og regler samt curriculum holdes konstant, mens der...

Solenopsis ant magnetic material: statistical and seasonal studies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Abraçado, Leida G; Esquivel, Darci M S; Wajnberg, Eliane

2009-01-01

In this paper, we quantify the magnetic material amount in Solenopsis ants using ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) at room temperature. We sampled S. interrupta workers from several morphologically indistinguishable castes. Twenty-five oriented samples of each body part of S. interrupta (20 units each) showed that FMR line shapes are reproducible. The relative magnetic material amount was 31 ± 12% (mean ± SD) in the antennae, 27 ± 13% in the head, 21 ± 12% in the thorax and 20 ± 10% in the abdomen. In order to measure variation in the magnetic material from late summer to early winter, ants were collected each month between March and July. The amount of magnetic material was greatest in all four body parts in March and least in all four body parts in June. In addition, S. richteri majors presented more magnetic material than minor workers. Extending these findings to the genera Solenopsis, the reduction in magnetic material found in winter could be explained by our sampling fewer foraging major ants

Vagtordning for el-installationer - en forbrugerservice

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Skibstrup Eriksen, S.; Ovesen, K.

information om områdets vagttjeneste. Oplysning om vagttjenesten indføres i telefonbøgerne. Hvor henvender forbrugeren sig ved strømsvigt? Kun et sted - på el-leverandørens telefon. Hvilken service skal forbrugeren have? Vagttjenesten skal altid kunne yde den nødvendige hjælp - enten ved udrykning eller et...... råd pr. telefon. Vagttjenesten skal fungere uden for normal arbejdstid. Hvorledes opbygges vagtordningen? El-leverandøren og områdets el-installatører bør optage et nært samarbejde. I fællesskab opbygges de nærmere regler for vagtplaner, takster og færdiggørelse af foreløbige reparationer....

Exit prostitution

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Mehlsen, Line; Aslaug Kjær, Agnete; Amilon, Anna

2016-01-01

Dette statusnotat for projektet ”Exit Prostitution” belyser de foreløbige resultater og tendenser for projektet. Exit Prostitution løb oprindeligt fra april 2012 til udgangen af 2015, men med en nylig forlængelse løber projektet til udgangen af 2016. Projektet befinder sig således i slutningen af...... afprøvet med succes i forhold til hjemløshed både nationalt og internationalt. Målet med anvendelsen af metoden i forhold til målgruppen for Exit Prostitution er, at borgere med prostitutionserfaring, som ønsker at ophøre med salg af seksuelle ydelser eller ønsker at opleve en forbedring af deres...

A Non-lethal water-based removal-reapplication technique for behavioral analysis of cuticular compounds of ants.

Science.gov (United States)

Roux, Olivier; Martin, Jean-Michel; Ghomsi, Nathan Tene; Dejean, Alain

2009-08-01

Interspecific relationships among insects are often mediated by chemical cues, including non-volatile cuticular compounds. Most of these compounds are hydrocarbons that necessitate the use of solvents for their extraction, identification, and manipulation during behavioral assays. The toxicity of these solvents often precludes the removal and reapplication of hydrocarbons from and to live insects. As a consequence, dummies often are used in behavioral assays, but their passivity can bias the behavior of the responding insects. To overcome these limitations, we propose a method where cuticular compounds are extracted from live ants by placing them into glass vials half-filled with tepid water (ca. 34 degrees C) and vigorously shaking the vials to form an emulsion whose supernatant can be analyzed and/or reapplied to other ants. We demonstrate that cuticular compounds can be extracted from workers of the red fire ant, Solenopsis saevissima, and reapplied to the cuticle of workers from a sympatric species, Camponotus blandus (both Hymenoptera: Formicidae), while keeping the ants alive. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis and behavioral assays were used to confirm the successful transfer of the behaviorally active compounds.

A new species of the ant genus Bothriomyrmex Emery, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae from the Caribbean region

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Matthew Prebus

2016-07-01

Full Text Available Bothriomyrmex enigmaticus sp. nov. is described from the island of Hispañola based on one nest collection. This is the first collection of the genus Bothriomyrmex (Emery, 1869 from the Caribbean region, and the second species to be described from the Americas. While sharing several characters with B. paradoxus (Dubovikoff & Longino, 2004 from Costa Rica and Honduras, B. enigmaticus sp. nov. diverges in several key characters, including palp formula. However, a morphometric comparison to Palearctic species of the tribe Bothriomyrmecini suggests affinities to B. paradoxus, Chronoxenus wroughtoni (Forel, 1895 of the eastern Palearctic, and to a lesser extent an undescribed species of Arnoldius (Dubovikoff, 2005 from Australia and B. corsicus (Santschi,1923 of the western Palearctic.

THE MYRMICINE ANT GENUS ALLOMERUS MAYR (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

FERNÁNDEZ FERNANDO

2007-06-01

Full Text Available The Neotropical myrmicine ant genus Allomerus Mayr is revised. The genus isapparently monophyletic based on the antennal club confi guration. I recognize 8 species(4 described as new: Allomerus brevipilosus n. sp. (Brazil, A. decemarticulatusMayr (Brazil, French Guiana, A. dentatus n. sp. (Venezuela, A. maietae n. sp.(Brazil, A. octoarticulatus Mayr (=A. tuberculatus Forel n. syn. = A. octoarticulatusvar. demerarae W. M. Wheeler n. syn. = A. novemarticulatus Wheeler & Mann n.syn. [Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, French Guiana, Peru], A. septemarticulatus Mayrstatus rev. (Brazil, A. undecemarticulatus n. sp. (Venezuela and A. vogeli Kempf(Venezuela, Brazil. Better knowledge of the taxonomy of Allomerus is needed tounderstand the apparently sporadic differences in antennal fl agellomere number andspeciation processes that are probably linked to plant cavity colonization.

Dilemmaer i tillidsrepræsentant-arbejdet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Sommer, Finn M.; Ahrenkiel, Annegrethe; Dybbroe, Betina

2006-01-01

Arbejdet som tillidsrepræsentant (TR) rummer en lang række udfordringer, prioriteringer og dilemmaer, som den enkelte TR må håndtere. De mange dilemmaer, som den enkelte TR står i, som vi har set og oplevet, peger på, at der ikke kun er én rigtig måde at forholde sig til disse på. Vælger TR'en den...... ene pol i et oplevet dilemma, betyder det samtidig, at den anden pol nedtones eller udelukkes. Ofte anses begge poler i hverdagens dilemmaer som betydningsfulde, både for den enkelte TR og for medlemmerne, sygeplejefaget og Dansk Sygeplejeråd som organisation. Det er nogle af de foreløbige resultater...

Bridging the Gap – foreløbige perspektiver vedrørende læreruddannelsen

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Knudsen, Lars Emmerik Damgaard; Bjerg, Helle

læreruddannelsen viser empirien fra Bridging the Gap blandt andet, hvordan praktikken er indlejret i nøje tilrettelagte undervisningsforløb, der sigter på at give de studerende et tættere kontakt til praksis, samt på at give teoretiske kundskaber, der kan anvendes til forberedelse, gennemførelse og bearbejdning af...

The early eugenics movement and emerging professional psychiatry: conceptual transfers and personal relationships between Germany and North America, 1880s to 1930s.

Science.gov (United States)

Stahnisch, Frank W

2014-01-01

French-Austrian psychiatrist Bénédict Augustin Morel's (1809-1873) Traits des dégénérescences physiques, intellectuelles et morales de l'espèce humaine (1857) was fully dedicated to the social problem of "degeneration" and it became very attractive to German-speaking psychiatrists during the latter half of the 19th century. Auguste Forel (1848-1931) and Constantin von Monakow (1853-1930) in Zurich integrated Morel's approach and searched for the somatic and morphological alterations in the human brain; a perspective of research that Ernst Ruedin (1874-1952) at Munich further prolonged into a thorough analysis of hereditary influences on mental health. This paper investigates the continuities and major differences within some early eugenic traditions of the emerging field of psychiatry in the German-speaking countries and North America.

Ant communities (Hymenoptera: Formicidae in an urban ecosystem near the Atlantic Rainforest

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

CM. Kamura

Full Text Available The relationships between an urban ecosystem located near the Atlantic Rainforest in southeastern Brazil and ant communities were studied with the objective of quantifying the ant richness and abundance in the household environment and its surroundings. Eighty residences were sampled, where 58 species and 28 genera pertaining to 7 sub-families were found to be present. Inside the residences, the species richness was found to be lower (26, although the abundance was greater (10,670, with the wash area and kitchen being the locales that contributed with the greatest number of hits. The opposite was true in the areas outside the residences, where 54 species and 3,747 ants were observed. Inside houses, the species known as Tramp ants were found, in the following order of importance: Solenopsis -saevissima, Tapinoma melanocephalum, Linepithema humile, Paratrechina fulva, Wasmannia -auropunctata, P. -longicornis, Pheidole megacephala, Monomorium pharaonis and M. floricola. Externally, mainly in the yards and gardens, species such as Octostruma rugifera, Heteroponera dolo, Hypoponera sp.1 and sp.6, Gnamptogenys sp. 4, G. striatula, Odontomachus meinerti, Pachycondyla constricta and P. striata were found. In general, a greater number of species and lower abundance of individuals were observed in the neighborhoods nearer the mountains than in those closer to the urban center.

Queen influence on workers behavior of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Forel, 1908

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

L. Sousa-Souto

Full Text Available In an ant colony, the queen is the single reproducer and can interact with her workers via pheromones and cuticular compounds. However, in most species queen importance is not restricted to reproduction: in the initial development of the colony, her presence might play a more important role. In this work, we studied the effects of queen absence on workers behavior displayed in the foraging arena. Ant’s mortality and refuse accumulation was also measured daily. The results showed that queen absence did not alter either workers behavior or foraging efficiency. However, we observed increased ant mortality accompanied by a decrease in refuse dumping outside the nest. These results corroborate the hypothesis that environmental factors are more important than intrinsical factors in the allocation of external tasks. Probably, the queen could only influence internal activities of the colony.

LIMNOLOGY, LAKE BASINS, LAKE WATERS

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Petre GÂŞTESCU

2009-06-01

Full Text Available Limnology is a border discipline between geography, hydrology and biology, and is also closely connected with other sciences, from it borrows research methods. Physical limnology (the geography of lakes, studies lake biotopes, and biological limnology (the biology of lakes, studies lake biocoenoses. The father of limnology is the Swiss scientist F.A. Forel, the author of a three-volume entitled Le Leman: monographie limnologique (1892-1904, which focuses on the geology physics, chemistry and biology of lakes. He was also author of the first textbook of limnology, Handbuch der Seenkunde: allgemeine Limnologie,(1901. Since both the lake biotope and its biohydrocoenosis make up a single whole, the lake and lakes, respectively, represent the most typical systems in nature. They could be called limnosystems (lacustrine ecosystems, a microcosm in itself, as the American biologist St.A. Forbes put it (1887.

Reconhecimento da prole por operárias companheiras e não companheiras de ninho em Acromyrmex laticeps nigrosetosus Forel, 1908 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae Brood recognition by workers of Acromyrmex laticeps nigrosetosus Forel, 1908 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Danival José de Souza

2003-02-01

Full Text Available Estudou-se a capacidade de discriminação de formas jovens de Acromyrmex laticeps nigrosetosus por operárias adultas da mesma subespécie. Eram oferecidas, na área de forrageamento, larvas e pupas companheiras e não companheiras de ninho, sendo quantificado o comportamento frente a essas formas jovens. Foram utilizadas colônias oriundas do município de Paraopeba, MG, Brasil, mantidas em condições de laboratório. Os resultados evidenciaram que essa subespécie não é capaz de discriminar formas jovens companheiras e não companheiras de ninho, ou seja, transportaram indiscriminadamente as formas jovens oferecidas para o interior do ninho. Também não se observou diferença significativa para o tempo de resposta de aceitação de prole companheira e não companheira de ninho.This study investigated the behavioral response (acception or rejection of Acromyrmex laticeps nigrosetosus to their brood and to brood from different colonies of this subespecies. The four colonies used in the bioassays came from Paraopeba, MG, Brazil. Workers accepted either brood from their colonies or from different colonies. There was no significant difference on the time for brood acceptance (transport to the interior of the nest among nestmates and non-nestmates.

Phthalate pollution in an Amazonian rainforest.

Science.gov (United States)

Lenoir, Alain; Boulay, Raphaël; Dejean, Alain; Touchard, Axel; Cuvillier-Hot, Virginie

2016-08-01

Phthalates are ubiquitous contaminants and endocrine-disrupting chemicals that can become trapped in the cuticles of insects, including ants which were recognized as good bioindicators for such pollution. Because phthalates have been noted in developed countries and because they also have been found in the Arctic, a region isolated from direct anthropogenic influence, we hypothesized that they are widespread. So, we looked for their presence on the cuticle of ants gathered from isolated areas of the Amazonian rainforest and along an anthropogenic gradient of pollution (rainforest vs. road sides vs. cities in French Guiana). Phthalate pollution (mainly di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)) was higher on ants gathered in cities and along road sides than on those collected in the pristine rainforest, indicating that it follows a human-mediated gradient of disturbance related to the use of plastics and many other products that contain phthalates in urban zones. Their presence varied with the ant species; the cuticle of Solenopsis saevissima traps higher amount of phthalates than that of compared species. However, the presence of phthalates in isolated areas of pristine rainforests suggests that they are associated both with atmospheric particles and in gaseous form and are transported over long distances by wind, resulting in a worldwide diffusion. These findings suggest that there is no such thing as a "pristine" zone.

First cytogenetic characterization of a species of the arboreal ant genus Azteca Forel, 1978 (Dolichoderinae, Formicidae

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Danon Cardoso

2012-03-01

Full Text Available In this paper we present, for the first time, a detailed karyotype characterization of a species of the genus Azteca (Dolichoderinae, Formicidae. Cerebral ganglia from Azteca trigona Emery, 1893 were excised and submitted to colchicine hypotonic solution and chromosomal preparations were analyzed through conventional staining with Giemsa, C-banding, silver nitrate staining (AgNO3 and sequential base-specific fluorochromes. The analysis shows that A. trigona has a diploid number of 28 chromosomes. The karyotype consists of five metacentric pairs, seven acrocentric pairs and two pseudo-acrocentric pairs, which represents a karyotype formula 2K= 10M + 14A + 4AM and a diploid number of the arms 2AN = 38. The analysis of heterochromatin distribution revealed a positive block on distal region of the short arm of fourth metacentric pair, which was coincident with Ag-NOR band and CMA3 fluorochrome staining, meaning that rDNA sequences are interspaced by GC-rich base pairs sequences. The C-banding also marked short arms of other chromosomes, indicating centric fissions followed by heterochromatin growth. The karyotype analysis of A. trigona allowed the identification of cytogenetic markers that will be helpful in a difficult taxonomic group as Azteca and discussion about evolutionary aspects of the genome organization.

Maskuliniteter i bevægelse?

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christensen, Ann-Dorte; Hansen, Claus D.; Bloksgaard, Lotte

. Datamaterialet bygger især på en spørgeskemaundersøgelse med svar fra mere end 4.000 mandlige ambulancereddere og slagteriarbejdere som indgår som hovedundersøgelse i forskningsprojektet ”MARS – Mænd, arbejdsulykker og sikkerhed”. (se yderligere: http://www.soc.aau.dk/forskning/mars/forside). Projektet har til...... hensigt at undersøge sammenhænge mellem maskulinitet, arbejdsmiljø og arbejdsulykker i de to mandedominerede brancher. I papiret vil der især blive inddraget resultater fra de to kvantitative undersøgelser, men der vil også i blive inddraget resultater fra fem supplerende fokusgruppeinterviews, der er....... ambulancereddernes og slagteriarbejdernes relation til familie og omsorg. Fra de foreløbige resultater (som kun omfatter ambulanceredderne) kan vi allerede se, at der er markante forskelle mellem samboende unge og ældre reddere: Eksempelvis er der blot 7% af de 60 årige laver selv mad, mens det er 20 % blandt de 18...

The Effect of NIR Light and the Light-Activated Antimicrobial Agent on Wound Pathogenic Biofilms; Implication for Nonpharmacologic Chronic Wound Treatment

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Omar, Ghada Said Mohammed

2015-01-01

to the increase of lifestyle diseases, as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. The presence of bacterial biofilms is considered an important factor responsible for wounds chronicity. Therefore, this study investigates the efficacy of near-infrared (NIR) laser in vitro, in disrupting wound pathogenic...... biofilms. Metoder / Methods Biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were grown in a 96-well microtiter plate for 18-22 h. The study included 4 arms: (a) control; (b) 200 µg/mL Indocyanin green (ICG) kept in the dark, (c) NIR laser alone; (d) NIR laser combined with 200 µg/mL. ICG....... The biofilms were exposed to different light doses from the 808 nm NIR laser at a fluence rate of 0.3 W/cm2. Crystal violate assay and viable count were used to detect the effect. (Foreløbige) resultater / (Preliminary) Results A light dose of 90 J/cm2 killed approximately 99.9% of P. aeruginosa bacterial...

(Bi)literacy i det flersprogede klasserum

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Laursen, Helle; Lundqvist, Ulla; Orluf, Birgit

I dette og et foregående paper præsenteres programmet Tegn på sprog - tosprogede børn lærer at læse og skrive og de foreløbige resultater heraf. I dette paper sættes særligt fokus på (bi)literacypraksisser i klasserummet og på børns brug af literacy, som det kommer til udtryk gennem deres...... information, der er tilgængelig for dem i de sociale fællesskaber, de indgår i (Kress 1997, 2000, Kenner 2004). For børn, der vokser op i flersprogede omgivelser, vil mødet med skriftsprog omfatte møder med skrift på flere sprog. Dataindsamlingen omfatter i 2008/2009 klasserumsobservationer i de fem 0...... skabes i klasserummet. Derudover diskuteres forståelsen af literacy og literacyunder-visning i lyset af den sproglige diversitet, man finder i mange klasserum....

M-commerce

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Ulhøi, John Parm; Jørgensen, Frances

2009-01-01

Når små og mellemstore virksomheder (SMVer [F1] ) vover sig ud i nye forretningsmuligheder, som baserer sig på mobile devices via trådløs kommunikation med et forretningsmæssigt formål for øje eller 'Mobile Commerce' (M-commerce), skal de være meget dygtige til både at udnytte forkantsteknologier...... af disse netværk som en central del af nye M-commerce forretningsmodeller for SMVer og at redegøre for de foreløbige resultater fra projektets indledende fase. Projektets formål er at udforske, beskrive og facilitere udviklingen af nye forretningsmodeller for M-commerce i danske SMVer. Data er blevet...... indsamlet gennem dybdeinterview. Artiklen bidrager til teori om M-commerce forretningsmodeller, og i særdeleshed, modeller der karakteriseres af intenst netværkssamarbejde.   [F1] Jeg er ikke overbevist, at vi ikke skulle bruge SMEs, da det er meget mere kendt, også herhjemme....

Behavioural and chemical studies of discrimination processes in the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex laticeps nigrosetosus (Forel, 1908

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D. J. Souza

Full Text Available Leaf-cutting ants live in symbiosis with a basidiomycete fungus that is exploited as a source of nutrients for ant larvae. Tests of brood transport revealed that Acromyrmex laticeps nigrosetosus workers did not discriminate a concolonial brood from an alien brood. The same result was observed with tests of fungus transport. Adult workers showed no aggressive behaviour to workers from other alien colonies (non-nestmates. There was no qualitative variation in the chemical profiles of larvae, pupae and adult workers from the different colonies. However, quantitative differences were observed between the different colonies. Hypotheses about the lack of intraspecific aggression in this subspecies of ants are discussed.

Efeito de formulações granuladas de diferentes produtos químicos e à base de folhas e de sementes de gergelim, Sesamum indicum, no controle de formigueiros de Atta sexdens...

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Otávio Filho Peres

2003-01-01

Full Text Available Different baits insecticides commercialized and others artisanly produced with sesame, Sesamum indicum, were evaluated in the control of lemon leaf cutter anthills, Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908. The experiment was held in one tem years old Eucalyptus camaldulensis plantation and two of sprout. It was tested ten treatments, including the standard, with the following active ingredients: chlorpyrifos, sulfluramid, fipronil, flour of sesame leaves (15%, flour of sesame seeds (10%, 20% and 30%. The mortality verification of the anthills was held at the 30, 60, 90 and 150 days after the treatment. The most efficient baits were sulfluramid and fipronil, followed by the formulation of flour of sesame leaves (15%. The baits of sulfluramid and of fipronil reached the maximum control in the evaluation of the 30th day, whereas the baits of sesame leaves (15% presented satisfactory control starting from the third evaluation at the 90th day. The results obtained with the bait of sesame leaves (15% were promising encouraging new studies to be held.

[Sigmund Freud and the "Zeitschrift für Hypnotismus"].

Science.gov (United States)

Tanner, Terence A

2005-01-01

While Freud was always ready to acknowledge the debt that psychoanalysis owed to hypnotism, his engagement in its study and medical application is often seen by historians as little more than a passing phase on the way to psychoanalysis proper. This paper attempts to redress the balance by exploring Freud's association with the most influential German-language journal devoted to hypnotism, the Zeitschrift für Hypnotismus. Freud not only contributed a paper to this periodical but also served on its editorial board for the first three years of its existence. There also appeared in the journal one review and six abstracts of his work. After a condensed bibliographical account of the journal, a summary is given of Freud's intellectual and professional contacts and exchanges with three of the key individuals associated with it: August Forel, Jonas Grossmann and Oskar Vogt. Finally clarification is given of the publication history of the "Dora" case history and the chronology of its rejection for publication by Korbinian Brodmann, editor of the journal when it became the Journal für Psychologie und Neurologie.

Ants of the Monomorium monomorium species-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae in the Arabian Peninsula with description of a new species from southwestern Saudi Arabia

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Mostafa Sharaf

2018-02-01

Full Text Available We revise the taxonomy of the myrmicine ants of the Monomorium monomorium species-group for the Arabian Peninsula. Six species are recognized: Monomorium aeyade Collingwood & Agosti, 1996, M. clavicorne André, 1881, M. exiguum Forel, 1894, M. holothir Bolton, 1987, M. mohammedi sp. n., and M. sarawatense Sharaf & Aldawood, 2013. On the basis of the worker caste, we describe Monomorium mohammedi sp. n. from the southwestern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA. We designate a neotype for Monomorium aeyade Collingwood & Agosti and redescribe and illustrate the worker caste. Furthermore, we provide a worker-based species identification key, distribution maps for the treated species, and ecological and biological notes, if available. Monomorium holothir is recorded for the first time from the KSA. Also, we propose M. clavicorne var. punica Santschi, 1915a as a junior synonym of M. clavicorne, as well as M. dryhimi Aldawood & Sharaf, 2011 and M. montanum Collingwood & Agosti, 1996 to be treated as junior synonyms of Monomorium exiguum.

Kommentarer til SNS for et fælles dansk svar. Public consultation on the working document on general surveillance. Modtaget 02-08-2005, deadline 01-09-2005, svar 01-09-2005

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Kjellsson, Gøsta; Damgaard, Christian; Strandberg, Morten Tune

2005-01-01

supplementing Annex VII of Directive 2001/18/EC” med repræsentanter fra de fleste EU-lande (GK deltager for Danmark). Resultaterne af dette arbejde er dog foreløbig fortrolige. Som udgangspunkt vil det være hensigtsmæssigt at få en samlet oversigt over relevante emner for den generelle overvågning af GMO(P) og...... hvilke eksisterende overvågningsprogrammer der kan anvendes (som EFSA dokumentet også anfører, l. 134-167). Det er dog vigtigt at overvågningen ikke bliver for fokuseret på bestemte effekter og at alle relevante observationer og data anvendes i overvågningen. Foruden landbrugs-organisationer bør også...... om det vil være relevant at anvende data for populationsændringer af mobile organismer højere oppe i fødekæden (fx fugle). Det primære sammenligningsgrundlag (”baseline”) for overvågningen af effekter af GMO-afgrøder i dyrkede arealer og de nærmeste omgivelser vil være tilsvarende arealer og afgrøder...

CONTROL OF THE BLACK LEAF CUTTING ANT, Acromyrmex crassispinus, WITH POWDERED FORMICIDES

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Henrique Moreira Link

2009-09-01

Full Text Available Four experiments  were carried out to evaluate the efficiency of some powdered formicides on the control of the black leaf cutting ant, Acromyrmex crassispinus (Forel, 1909 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, in Santa Maria county, from 1996 until 1998. Powdered formicides containing  Fenthion at 50g a. i./kg, Imidacloprid at  4g a. i./kg, Betacyfluthrin at 2g a. i./kg, Chlorpyrifos at 20g a. i./kg and at 50g a. i./kg, Deltamethrin at  2g a. i./kg, Acephate at 750g a. i./kg and Diazinon at 10g a. i./kg were evaluated on big nests (>80cm of diameter. The big nests of this ant were efficiently controlled with 30g/nest of the commercial formulations of Fenthion, Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos (20g a. i./kg and  50g a. i./kg; with 3g/nest of the formulation of Acephate; with 5g/nest in dry season and 30g/nest in wet season of the powdered formulation of Deltamethrin.

Udbredelse af den invasive polychaete Marenzelleria spp. i danske farvande samt effekten på sedimentmiljøet

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Christoffersen, Kenn L; Banta, Gary Thomas

De europæiske arter af børsteormen Marenzelleria består af tre siblingearter (M. viridis, M. neglecta og M. arctia). De stammer oprindeligt fra den Nord Amerikanske østkyst og Arktis og har været i den sydlige Østersø siden de tidlige 1980’ere. De har stor tolerance over for svingende salinitet...... genetisk analyse efter metoden beskrevet i Blank et al. 2007 [1]. De genetiske metoder er baseret på PCR/RFLP og bruges i dette projekt til at bestemme udbredelsen af de tre sibling arter i danske farvande. Den quantitative fauna opgørelse, samt de forskellige sediment parametre, såsom organisk indhold og...... Sjælland mangler stadig, men forventes foretaget før mødet. På mødet præsenteres foreløbig data om Marenzellerias udbredelse og sedimentkarakteristika.. [1] Blank M., Laine A.O., Jürss K. and Bastrop R. 2007. Molecular identification key based on PCR/RFLP for three polychaete sibling species of the genus...

ESCO i danske kommuner: En opsamling af motiver, overvejelser og foreløbige erfaringer med ESCO i kommunale bygninger

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Jensen, Jesper Ole; Nielsen, Susanne Balslev; Hansen, Jesper Rohr

Rapporten har til formål at give overblik over de hidtidige erfaringer med brug af ESCO i danske kommuner. ESCO er i dansk sammenhæng en ny samarbejdsform, som i de seneste år er blevet aktualiseret af ønsket om energioptimering af eksisterende bygninger. ESCO, som den benyttes herhjemme, adskill...

New Host Record for Camponotophilus delvarei (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae, a Parasitoid of Microdontine Larvae (Diptera: Syrphidae, Associated with the Ant Camponotus sp. aff. textor

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Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud

2013-01-01

Full Text Available Microdontine syrphid flies are obligate social parasites of ants. Larvae prey on ant brood whereas adults live outside the nests. Knowledge of their interaction with their host is often scarce, as it is information about their natural enemies. Here we report the first case of parasitism of a species of microdontine fly by a myrmecophilous eurytomid wasp. This is also the first host record for Camponotophilus delvarei Gates, a recently described parasitic wasp discovered in Chiapas, Mexico, within the nests of the weaver ant, Camponotus sp. aff. textor Forel. Eleven pupal cases of a microdontine fly were found within a single nest of this ant, five of them being parasitized. Five adult C. delvarei females were reared from a puparium and 29 female and 2 male pupae were obtained from another one. The eurytomid is a gregarious, primary ectoparasitoid of larvae and pupae of Microdontinae, its immature stages developing within the protective puparium of the fly. The species is synovigenic. Adult females likely locate and parasitize their hosts within the ant nest. As some species of Microdontinae are considered endangered, their parasitoids are likewise threatened and in need of accurate and urgent surveys in the future.

Assessing the direct effects of deep brain stimulation using embedded axon models

Science.gov (United States)

Sotiropoulos, Stamatios N.; Steinmetz, Peter N.

2007-06-01

To better understand the spatial extent of the direct effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on neurons, we implemented a geometrically realistic finite element electrical model incorporating anisotropic and inhomogenous conductivities. The model included the subthalamic nucleus (STN), substantia nigra (SN), zona incerta (ZI), fields of Forel H2 (FF), internal capsule (IC) and Medtronic 3387/3389 electrode. To quantify the effects of stimulation, we extended previous studies by using multi-compartment axon models with geometry and orientation consistent with anatomical features of the brain regions of interest. Simulation of axonal firing produced a map of relative changes in axonal activation. Voltage-controlled stimulation, with clinically typical parameters at the dorso-lateral STN, caused axon activation up to 4 mm from the target. This activation occurred within the FF, IC, SN and ZI with current intensities close to the average injected during DBS (3 mA). A sensitivity analysis of model parameters (fiber size, fiber orientation, degree of inhomogeneity, degree of anisotropy, electrode configuration) revealed that the FF and IC were consistently activated. Direct activation of axons outside the STN suggests that other brain regions may be involved in the beneficial effects of DBS when treating Parkinsonian symptoms.

Tamaño y composición de la colonia de tres especies de hormigas del género Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae en la porción central del desierto del Monte, Argentina Colony size and composition in three Pogonomyrmex ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae in the central Monte desert, Argentina

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Beatriz E. Nobua Behrmann

2010-06-01

Full Text Available El tamaño de la colonia es un atributo fundamental en la biología de las hormigas ya que está asociado a características ecológicamente relevantes, como sus estrategias de alimentación. Mientras que el tamaño de la colonia de varias especies de hormigas granívoras del género Pogonomyrmex de América del Norte se ha estudiado en detalle, no existe tal información para las especies de América del Sur. En este trabajo, se determinó el tamaño y la composición de la colonia y se describió la estructura del nido de tres especies de Pogonomyrmex que habitan la porción central del desierto del Monte en Argentina: P. mendozanus Cuezzo & Claver, P. inermis Forel y P. rastratus Mayr. Para ello, se excavaron dos nidos de cada especie y se recolectaron todos los individuos encontrados. Las tres especies tienen colonias pequeñas, compuestas por 300-1.100 individuos, de los cuales aproximadamente el 70% son obreras adultas. La estructura de sus nidos es relativamente simple, similar a la de la mayoría de las especies norteamericanas estudiadas, pero con un menor desarrollo en profundidad y un número menor de cámaras; probablemente se deba al menor número de obreras que poseen. Estas características (colonias pequeñas y nidos poco desarrollados son consideradas típicas para las especies del género Pogonomyrmex de América del Sur, lo que las diferencia de la mayoría de sus congéneres estudiados en América del Norte.Colony size in ants is associated with important ecological characteristics such as foraging strategy. Though colony size has been studied with some detail for several North American species of Pogonomyrmex harvester ants, it remains unknown for South American species. We studied colony size, composition, and nest structure of three species of Pogonomyrmex harvester ants inhabiting the central Monte desert in Argentina: P. mendozanus Cuezzo & Claver, P. inermis Forel and P. rastratus Mayr. We excavated two nests of each

Forandring af undervisningspraksis - hvordan bruger lærere IT i nærundervisningen?

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Helle Bækkelund Jensen

2003-05-01

Full Text Available

Første gang publiceret i UNEV nr. 1: Undervisningsformer på nettet, november 2003, red. Simon Heilesen og Helle Bækkelund Jensen. ISSN 1603-5518.

Denne artikel søger at klarlægge, hvordan og ikke mindst hvorfor universitetsundervisere anvender IKT, og hvilke forandringer af deres pædagogiske praksis, de oplever. Bagved ligger en antagelse om, at undervisernes måde at anvende bestemte former for teknologi på samtidig siger noget om, hvordan de opfatter undervisningen og deres rolle i denne. Samtidig er det interessant at undersøge den aktuelle praksis, sådan som den beskrives og genfortælles af praktikerne (underviserne, for at lære noget om, hvordan teknologien er kommet ind i undervisningen og hvordan undervisning begribes – for i sidste ende at kunne sige noget om, hvordan man kan tilrettelægge IKT-pædagogisk kompetenceudvikling for universitetsundervisere. Artiklen handler om universiteternes dagstudier, hvor der er tale om netstøttet undervisning i den form, at web-steder bliver specielt oprettet og anvendt til undervisningen på universitetets on-campus uddannelser som en udbygning eller supplement til forelæsninger og kursusundervisning.

Poneromorph Ants Associated with Parasitoid Wasps of the Genus Kapala Cameron (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae in French Guiana

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Jean-Paul Lachaud

2012-01-01

Full Text Available Eucharitid wasps are specific, specialized parasitoids of ants. The genus Kapala Cameron is the most common in the Neotropics but few species are described, and information dealing with their biology, behavior and host associations is scarce. Numerous poneromorph ant colonies were inspected over 4 collection surveys in French Guiana. A diverse fauna of parasites and parasitoids was found, including mermithid nematodes, flies, eucharitids, and another gregarious endoparasitoid wasp. Five new host associations for Kapala are reported, all of them involving medium- to large-size poneromorph ant species from 4 genera: Ectatomma brunneum Fr. Smith, Gnamptogenys tortuolosa (Fr. Smith, Odontomachus haematodus (L., O. mayi Mann, and Pachycondyla verenae (Forel. Three other associations involving O. hastatus (Fabr., P. apicalis (Latreille, and P. stigma (Fabr., already reported for other countries but new for French Guiana, are confirmed. The data extend the number of hosts for Kapala to 24 ant species from 7 genera. The high diversity of the ant host genera associated with Kapala, combined with the fact that these ant genera are the most widely distributed among Neotropical poneromorph ants, could account for the dominant status of the genus Kapala among the eucharitine wasps of Central and South America.

Essential Oils of Hyptis pectinata Chemotypes: Isolation, Binary Mixtures and Acute Toxicity on Leaf-Cutting Ants.

Science.gov (United States)

Feitosa-Alcantara, Rosana B; Bacci, Leandro; Blank, Arie F; Alves, Péricles B; Silva, Indira Morgana de A; Soares, Caroline A; Sampaio, Taís S; Nogueira, Paulo Cesar de L; Arrigoni-Blank, Maria de Fátima

2017-04-12

Leaf-cutting ants are pests of great economic importance due to the damage they cause to agricultural and forest crops. The use of organosynthetic insecticides is the main form of control of these insects. In order to develop safer technology, the objective of this work was to evaluate the formicidal activity of the essential oils of two Hyptis pectinata genotypes (chemotypes) and their major compounds on the leaf-cutting ants Acromyrmex balzani Emery and Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel. Bioassays of exposure pathways (contact and fumigation) and binary mixtures of the major compounds were performed. The major compounds identified in the essential oils of H. pectinata were β-caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide and calamusenone. The essential oils of H. pectinata were toxic to the ants in both exposure pathways. Essential oils were more toxic than their major compounds alone. The chemotype calamusenone was more toxic to A. balzani in both exposure pathways. A. sexdens rubropilosa was more susceptible to the essential oil of the chemotype β-caryophyllene in both exposure pathways. In general, the binary mixtures of the major compounds resulted in additive effect of toxicity. The essential oils of H. pectinata is a raw material of great potential for the development of new insecticides.

Effect of the presence of brood and fungus on the nest architecture and digging activity of Acromyrmex subterraneus Forel (Hymenoptera, Formicidae

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Carlos Magno dos Santos

Full Text Available ABSTRACT This study investigated the stimuli that trigger digging behavior in Acromyrmex subterraneus during nest building. The hypothesis was that the presence of the fungus garden and/or brood triggers the excavation of tunnels and chambers. For the experiment, the excavation rate of individually marked workers kept in plastic cylinders filled with soil was recorded. Four treatments were applied: (1 30 medium-sized workers, 5 g fungus garden and 30 brood items (larvae and pupae; (2 30 medium-sized workers and 5 g fungus garden; (3 30 medium-sized workers and 30 brood items; (4 30 medium-sized workers without fungus and brood. After 24 h, morphological parameters of nest structure (length and width of the chambers and tunnels in cm and the volume of excavated soil were recorded. In contrast to the expected findings, no change in morphological structure, rate of excavation by workers, or volume of excavated soil was observed between treatments, except for tunnel width, which was greater, when no brood or fungus garden was present. Thus, the results do not support the hypothesis that the fungus garden and/or brood are local stimuli for nest excavation or that they mold the internal architecture of the nest. Although this hypothesis was confirmed for Acromyrmex lundii and Atta sexdens rubropilosa, the same does not apply to A. subterraneus. The digging behavior of workers is probably the result of adaptation during nest building in different habitats.

Er konsum av melk og egg assosiert med risiko for kreft? Foreløpige resultater fra en prospektiv undersøkelse

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Grethe Albrektsen

2009-10-01

Full Text Available  SAMMENDRAGSammenhenger mellom kreftinsidens og konsum av egg og melk er studert i en prospektiv undersøkelse avca. 50 000 personer i alderen 30-69 år. Kostholdsdataene ble samlet inn i forbindelse med andre runde avhjerte- og karundersøkelsene som ble gjennomført av Statens helseundersøkelser i Finnmark, Sogn ogFjordane og Oppland i perioden 1977-83. Gjennomsnittlig oppfølgingstid var 11,8 år. Omlag 2000 personerfikk en kreftdiagnose i løpet av oppfølgingsperioden. Insidensrate-ratioer er beregnet i en log-lineærPoissonregresjon basert på personår under risiko. Vi fant ingen sammenheng mellom total kreftinsidens ogkonsum av melk (glass pr. dag eller egg (antall pr. uke, men for spesifikke krefttyper observerte vi enkelteassosiasjoner. Det arbeides nå med mer detaljerte analyser og med internasjonal publisering av resultatene.Albrektsen G, Heuch I, Jacobsen BK, Kvåle G. Is milk and egg consumption associated with cancerrisk? Preliminary results from a prospective study. Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (2: 205-208.ENGLISH SUMMARYAssociations between cancer incidence and consumption of milk and eggs were examined in a prospectivestudy of about 50,000 persons aged 30-69 years. The mean follow-up period was 11.8 years. About 2000persons were diagnosed with cancer during follow-up. Incidence rate ratios were calculated in a log-linearPoisson regression model of person-years at risk. No relations were found between overall cancer incidenceand consumption of milk (glasses per day or eggs (number per week, but some associations were observedfor specific sites. The analysis of the data is in progress and the results presented are preliminary.

Patterns of diversity and abundance of fungus-growing ants (Formicidae: Attini in areas of the Brazilian Cerrado Padrões de diversidade e abundância de formigas cultivadoras de fungo (Formicidade: Attini em áreas do Cerrado Brasileiro

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Heraldo L. Vasconcelos

2008-09-01

Full Text Available Fungus-growing ants (tribe Attini are characteristic elements of the New World fauna. However, there is little information on the patterns of diversity, abundance, and distribution of attine species in their native ecosystems, especially for the so-called "lower" genera of the tribe. A survey of attine ant nests (excluding Atta Fabricus, 1804 and Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865 was conducted in a variety of savanna and forest habitats of the Cerrado biome near Uberlândia, Brazil. In total, 314 nests from 21 species of nine genera were found. Trachymyrmex Forel, 1893 was the most diverse genus with 10 species. Eighteen species were found in the savannas, including Mycetagroicus cerradensis Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2001, a species from a recently-described genus of Attini, whereas in the forests only 12 species were found. Forest and savannas support relatively distinct faunas, each with a number of unique species; the species present in the forest habitats did not represent a nested subset of the species found in the savannas. Furthermore, although many species were common to both types of vegetation, their abundances were quite different. The density of attine nests is relatively high at some sites, exceeding an estimated 4,000 nests per hectare. In this sense, attine ants can be regarded as prevalent invertebrate taxa in the Brazilian Cerrado.As formigas cultivadoras de fungos (tribo Attini são exclusivas da fauna do Novo Mundo. Entretanto, existem poucas informações sobre os padrões de diversidade, abundância e distribuição das espécies de Attini em seus ecossistemas nativos, em especial para os gêneros menos derivados desta tribo. Um levantamento de ninhos de Attini (excluindo Atta Fabricius, 1804 e Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865 foi realizado em diversos ambientes savânicos e de floresta do bioma Cerrado próximos à Uberlândia, Brasil. Encontramos 314 ninhos de 21 espécies pertencentes a nove gêneros da tribo. Trachymyrmex Forel, 1893 foi o g

Determinação do fator de conversão em colônias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae e sua relação com a qualidade do material vegetal cortado Determination of the conversion factor in colonies of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae and its relationship with the quality of harvested leaf substrate

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Leandro Sousa-Sou

2007-02-01

Full Text Available As formigas cortadeiras (Atta e Acromyrmex são consideradas importantes pragas na agricultura e silvicultura, mas pouco se sabe sobre os reais danos dessas espécies. Uma forma bastante difundida de avaliação do dano é por meio do cálculo da taxa de conversão, dividindo-se o peso do material cortado pelo peso de lixo produzido pelas colônias. Foi levantada a hipótese de que a qualidade do substrato cortado pode influenciar no forrageamento das operárias, alterando a taxa de conversão e dificultando as estimativas de dano. A taxa de conversão de oito colônias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae foi calculada com duas espécies vegetais com diferentes concentrações de lignina e celulose, para testar essa hipótese. Colônias mantidas com folhas de baixa qualidade (razão lignina/celulose elevada tiveram maior forrageamento e produziram mais lixo. Entretanto, a taxa de conversão das colônias foi semelhante com essas duas plantas (média = 1,54. Esse valor está dentro da variação encontrada para outras espécies no campo (1,5-1,8, indicando um fator semelhante de conversão entre os gêneros Atta e Acromyrmex. O consumo médio de material vegetal, em termos de pesos seco e fresco, de uma colônia de A. sexdens rubropilosa com 4.500 operárias, foi estimado em 520 e 1.100 g/ano, respectivamente.Leaf-cutting ants (Atta and Acromyrmex are important pests in agriculture and forestry, although few data exist on the actual damage caused by these species. A model used to evaluate damage by leaf-cutting ants are estimates of the conversion factor, which is the ratio between the weight of material cut by the ants and the refuse produced by the colonies. The hypothesis that substrate quality influences foraging by workers, modifying the conversion factor and impairing damage estimates was put forward. To test this hypothesis, the conversion factor was calculated for eight colonies of Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel

The localization of the larvae of the nostril fly (Cephenemyia trompe L in the pharynx of reindeer in an earlier unknown tonsil tissue

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Claes Rehbinder

1983-05-01

: Lokalisationen av svalgkormflugans (Cephenemyia trompe L larver i svalget på ren undersøktes. Resultaten av undersokningen visade att någon preformerad svalgficka inte forekommer hos ren, utan att på den plats dår fickor innehållande larver vanligtvis påvisas år belågen en oparig tonsillvåvnad, forslagsvis kallad Tonsillapbaryngis dorsomedialis. Hos djur infekterade med svalgkormlarver forelåg i april de fiesta fickbildningarna i anslutning till tonsillvåvnaden men fickor forekom också hoger- och vånstersidigt i svalgslemhinnan. I ett fall påvisades två fickor, en i tonsillvåvnaden och en hogersidigt i svalgslemhinnan. Fickornas vågg utgjordes vid denna årstid av en akut ej slemhinneforsedd granulationsvåvnad rikligt infiltrerad med eosinofila leukocyter. Hos novemberrenarna påvisades lsta stadiets larver av C. trompe i tonsillens kryptor. Hos en åldre ren forelåg omedelbart vid sidan av tonsillen en fickbildning, vars vågg besto av kronisk granulationsvåvnad beklådd med slemhinna. Tonsillvåvnadens roll som predilektionsplats for larvernas utveckling diskuteras.

The influence of insecticides and vegetation in structuring Formica mound ant communities (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Maine lowbush blueberry.

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Choate, Beth; Drummond, Francis A

2013-04-01

Assessing the influence of new, reduced-risk insecticides on natural enemies within agroecosystems is essential to developing integrated pest management strategies. Three species of mound-building Formica ants are abundant throughout Maine lowbush blueberry fields (Formica exsectoides Forel, F. glacialis Wheeler, and F. ulkei Emery). All three species have been described in the literature as predaceous, with research demonstrating that F. exsectoides preys on major pest insects of lowbush blueberry. The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of common-use and newly introduced insecticides on Formica sp. ant communities in lowbush blueberry fields. Laboratory assays indicated that the commonly applied insecticide phosmet is toxic to F. exsectoides, even after 8 d of field weathering (P insecticides, such as acetamiprid, had little effect on survival of all three species. Abundance of each species in the field varied with lowbush blueberry pesticide-use strategy and amount of nonblueberry vegetation. Both F. exsectoides and F. glacialis were most abundant in organic fields; however, overall F. glacialis was the most abundant in fields of all management types. Field surveys support laboratory results suggesting that phosmet is highly toxic to these species and influences their spatial pattern. Manipulation of the crop to conserve natural enemies in lowbush blueberry is difficult because the crop is not planted; therefore, we must look closely at the incorporation of low toxicity insecticides with natural enemies to efficiently control pest insects.

Video mediering i programmeringsundervisningen - brug af videoer til at udfolde programmeringsprocessen

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Jens Bennedsen

2004-05-01

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Første gang publiceret i UNEV nr. 3: Internet Video: Teknik og pædagogik mødes på nettet, april - juni 2004, red. Jens Dørup. ISSN 1603-5518.

Denne artikel belyser hvorledes video mediering har givet en værdifuld ekstra dimension i undervisningen i introducerende programmeringsfærdigheder. I forbindelse med programmering er et af de vigtigste mål at lære de studerende en systematisk tilgang til udviklingen af programmer. Det vil sige at understøtte de studerendes læring af programmeringsprocessen. Traditionelle medier som lærerbøger er meget lidt velegnede til at illustrere denne proces; de fokuserer på produkterne (de færdige programmer i stedet for at fokusere på produktionsprocessen. De videomedierede materialer er i denne sammenhæng optagelser af hvorledes underviseren løser praktiske programmeringsopgaver. Disse videoer kommunikerer vigtige pointer ved programmeringsprocessen såsom at der ikke en lige vej til det færdige produkt, at man anvender forskellige værktøjer, at man ændrer sit program, at man tester sit program undervejs mm. Jeg har identificeret fem forskellige kategorier af videomedierede undervisningsmaterialer og evalueret hvorledes de studerende har anvendt dem i et konkret kursusforløb. Evalueringen viser dels at de studerende anvender de fleste typer meget og finder dem meget anvendelige dels at videoer der blot dokumenterer forelæsninger ikke er ret benyttede.

Postfire Succession of Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Nesting in Dead Wood of Northern Boreal Forest.

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Boucher, Philippe; Hébert, Christian; Francoeur, André; Sirois, Luc

2015-10-01

Dead wood decomposition begins immediately after tree death and involves a large array of invertebrates. Ecological successions are still poorly known for saproxylic organisms, particularly in boreal forests. We investigated the use of dead wood as nesting sites for ants along a 60-yr postfire chronosequence in northeastern coniferous forests. We sampled a total of 1,625 pieces of dead wood, in which 263 ant nests were found. Overall, ant abundance increased during the first 30 yr after wildfire, and then declined. Leptothorax cf. canadensis Provancher, the most abundant species in our study, was absent during the first 2 yr postfire, but increased steadily until 30 yr after fire, whereas Myrmica alaskensis Wheeler, second in abundance, was found at all stages of succession in the chronosequence. Six other species were less frequently found, among which Camponotus herculeanus (Linné), Formica neorufibarbis Emery, and Formica aserva Forel were locally abundant, but more scarcely distributed. Dead wood lying on the ground and showing numerous woodborer holes had a higher probability of being colonized by ants. The C:N ratio was lower for dead wood colonized by ants than for noncolonized dead wood, showing that the continuous occupation of dead wood by ants influences the carbon and nitrogen dynamics of dead wood after wildfire in northern boreal forests. © The Authors 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Metodik til studiet af strategiske ledelsesprocesser i organisationer

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Jørgen Gulddahl Rasmussen

2010-10-01

Full Text Available Denne artikel handler om at skabe viden om en hverdagspraksis, der sjældent er sat ord på. Den behandler de ledelsesprocesser, der i virksomheder producerer strategi og omsætter sådanne strategier i produktive handlinger. Det er processer, der i små og mellemstore virksomheder er præget af intuition og af meget uformelle samspil mellem virksomhedsledere og medarbejdere. Metodikken er en videreudvikling af de metoder til produktion af kvalitative data, som FIRM-gruppen har eksperimenteret med gennem nogle år. Artiklen kan ses som en afrapportering af et flerårigt metodeudviklingsarbejde. Da erfaringer fra sådanne virksomheder viser, at strategiske processer i høj grad udvikler sig gennem uformel kommunikation, og at lederes intuition spiller en meget stor rolle, arbejder metodikken med en struktureret udviklingsdialog mellem et mindre antal virksomhedsledere med strategiske opgaver og forskere. Denne udviklingsdialog har til formål at følge og forstå de processer, der skaber ledernes egne praksisrelaterede ”teorier” for strategisk handling. Efter en præsentation af temaet gennemgås metodikkens praktiske fremgangsmåde med undersøgelser i en række virksomheder, opbygning af cases i samarbejde med ledere fra disse virksomheder, diskussion af disse og foreløbige konklusioner hen mod de næste trin i metodikken. Artiklen er skrevet samtidigt med arbejdet på et igangværende forskningsprojekt og vil derfor både være en præsentation og en udvikling af muligheder og vanskeligheder i metodikken.

Toward a quantitative and empirical dissolved organic carbon budget for the Gulf of Maine, a semienclosed shelf sea

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Balch, William; Huntington, Thomas; Aiken, George; Drapeau, David; Bowler, Bruce; Lubelczyk, Laura; Butler, Kenna

2016-02-01

A time series of organic carbon export from Gulf of Maine (GoM) watersheds was compared to a time series of biological, chemical, bio-optical, and hydrographic properties, measured across the GoM between Yarmouth, NS, Canada, and Portland, ME, U.S. Optical proxies were used to quantify the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon in the GoM. The Load Estimator regression model applied to river discharge data demonstrated that riverine DOC export (and its decadal variance) has increased over the last 80 years. Several extraordinarily wet years (2006-2010) resulted in a massive pulse of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM; proxy for DOC) into the western GoM along with unidentified optically scattering material (DOC in the GoM and Scotian Shelf showed the strong influence of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence on the DOC that enters the GoM. A deep plume of CDOM-rich water was observed near the coast of Maine which decreased in concentration eastward. The Forel-Ule color scale was derived and compared to the same measurements made in 1912-1913 by Henry Bigelow. Results show that the GoM has yellowed in the last century, particularly in the region of the extension of the Eastern Maine Coastal Current. Time lags between DOC discharge and its appearance in the GoM increased with distance from the river mouths. Algae were also a significant source of DOC but not CDOM. Gulf-wide algal primary production has decreased. Increases in precipitation and DOC discharge to the GoM are predicted over the next century.

Roadside Survey of Ants on Oahu, Hawaii

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Tong, Reina L.; Grace, J. Kenneth; Krushelnycky, Paul D.

2018-01-01

Hawaii is home to over 60 ant species, including five of the six most damaging invasive ants. Although there have been many surveys of ants in Hawaii, the last island-wide hand-collection survey of ants on Oahu was conducted in 1988–1994. In 2012, a timed hand-collection of ants was made at 44 sites in a systematic, roadside survey throughout Oahu. Ants were identified and species distribution in relation to elevation, precipitation and soil type was analyzed. To assess possible convenience sampling bias, 15 additional sites were sampled further from roads to compare with the samples near roads. Twenty-four species of ants were found and mapped; Pheidole megacephala (F.), Ochetellus glaber (Mayr), and Technomyrmex difficilis Forel were the most frequently encountered ants. For six ant species, a logistic regression was performed with elevation, average annual precipitation, and soil order as explanatory variables. O. glaber was found in areas with lower precipitation around Oahu. Paratrechina longicornis (Latrielle) and Tetramorium simillimum (Smith, F.) were found more often in lower elevations and in areas with the Mollisol soil order. Elevation, precipitation, and soil type were not significant sources of variation for P. megacephala, Plagiolepis alluaudi Emery, and T. difficilis. P. megacephala was associated with fewer mean numbers of ants where it occurred. Ant assemblages near and far from roads did not significantly differ. Many species of ants remain established on Oahu, and recent invaders are spreading throughout the island. Mapping ant distributions contributes to continued documentation and understanding of these pests. PMID:29439503

Comparison of Ant Community Diversity and Functional Group Composition Associated to Land Use Change in a Seasonally Dry Oak Forest.

Science.gov (United States)

Cuautle, M; Vergara, C H; Badano, E I

2016-04-01

Ants have been used to assess land use conversion, because they reflect environmental change, and their response to these changes have been useful in the identification of bioindicators. We evaluated ant diversity and composition associated to different land use change in a temperate forest (above 2000 m asl) in Mexico. The study was carried out in "Flor del Bosque" Park a vegetation mosaic of native Oak Forests and introduced Eucalyptus and grasslands. Species richness, dominance and diversity rarefaction curves, based on ant morphospecies and functional groups, were constructed and compared among the three vegetation types, for the rainy and the dry seasons of 2008-2009. Jaccard and Sorensen incidence-based indices were calculated to obtain similarity values among all the habitats. The Oak Forest was a rich dominant community, both in species and functional groups; the Eucalyptus plantation was diverse with low dominance. The most seasonality habitat was the grassland, with low species and high functional group diversity during the dry seasons, but the reverse pattern during the wet season. The Oak Forest was more similar to the Eucalyptus plantation than to the grassland, particularly during the dry season. Oak Forests are dominated by Cold Climate Specialists, specifically Prenolepis imparis (Say). The Eucalyptus and the grassland are characterized by generalized Myrmicinae, as Pheidole spp. and Monomorium ebenium (Forel). The conservation of the native Oak Forest is primordial for the maintenance of Cold Climate Specialist ant communities. The microclimatic conditions in this forest, probably, prevented the invasion by opportunistic species.

A systematic review of studies on anatomical position of electrode contacts used for chronic subthalamic stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

Science.gov (United States)

Caire, François; Ranoux, Danièle; Guehl, Dominique; Burbaud, Pierre; Cuny, Emmanuel

2013-09-01

The dorso-lateral part of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is considered as the usual target of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Nevertheless, the exact anatomical location of the electrode contacts used for chronic stimulation is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the existing literature on this issue. We searched for studies on the anatomical location of active contacts published until December 2012. We identified 13 studies, published between 2002 and 2010, including 260 patients and 466 electrodes. One hundred and sixty-four active contacts (35 %) were identified within the STN, 117 (25 %) at the interface between STN and the surrounding structures, 184 (40 %) above the STN and one within the substantia nigra. We observed great discrepancies between the different series. The contra-lateral improvement was between 37 and 78.5 % for contacts located within the STN, between 48.6 and 73 % outside the STN, between 65.3 and 66 % at the interface. The authors report no clear correlation between anatomical location and stimulation parameters. Post-operative analysis of the anatomical location of active contacts is difficult, and all the methods used are debatable. The relationship between the anatomical location of active contacts and the clinical effectiveness of stimulation is unclear. It would be necessary to take into account the volume of the electrode contacts and the diffusion of the stimulation. We can nevertheless assume that the interface between dorso-lateral STN, zona incerta and Forel's fields could be directly involved in the effects of stimulation.

Dealing with water deficit in Atta ant colonies: large ants scout for water while small ants transport it

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Antonio Carlos Da-Silva

2012-07-01

Leafcutter ants (Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Forel 1908 have an elaborate social organization, complete with caste divisions. Activities carried out by specialist groups contribute to the overall success and survival of the colony when it is confronted with environmental challenges such as dehydration. Ants detect variations in humidity inside the nest and react by activating several types of behavior that enhance water uptake and decrease water loss, but it is not clear whether or not a single caste collects water regardless of the cost of bringing this resource back to the colony. Accordingly, we investigated water collection activities in three colonies of Atta sexdens rubropilosa experimentally exposed to water stress. Specifically, we analyzed whether or not the same ant caste foraged for water, regardless of the absolute energetic cost (distance of transporting this resource back to the colony. Our experimental design offered water sources at 0 m, 1 m and 10 m from the nest. We studied the body size of ants near the water sources from the initial offer of water (time  =  0 to 120 min, and tested for specialization. We observed a reduction in the average size and variance of ants that corroborated the specialization hypothesis. Although the temporal course of specialization changed with distance, the final outcome was similar among distances. Thus, we conclude that, for this species, a specialist (our use of the word “specialist” does not mean exclusive task force is responsible for collecting water, regardless of the cost of transporting water back to the colony.

Floral Visitors of Three Asteraceae Species in a Xeric Environment in Central Mexico.

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Figueroa-Castro, Dulce María; González-Tochihuitl, Guadalupe; Rivas-Arancibia, Sombra Patricia; Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela

2016-12-01

We describe the spatial variation in the structure and composition of the communities of insects visiting the inflorescences of Flaveria ramosissima Klatt, Florestina pedata (Cav.) Cass., and Parthenium bipinnatifidum (Ort.) Rollins (Asteraceae) in a xeric environment in Central Mexico. Inflorescences of the three Asteraceae were visited by a total of 96 species of Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera. Total species richness of floral visitors to the three Asteraceae and total abundance of insects of Fl. pedata and P. bipinnatifidum did not differ between low and high vegetation cover sites. Total abundance of insects visiting the inflorescences of F. ramosissima and abundance of Hymenoptera in all three Asteraceae were higher at the low vegetation coverage (LVC) site than at the high vegetation coverage (HVC) one. Diversity of insects of Fl. pedata and P. bipinnatifidum was higher at the HVC site. However, in F. ramosissima diversity was higher at the LVC site. The communities of insects of each Asteraceae were dissimilar between sites. These differences can be attributed to variation in the abundance of Lepidophora (Diptera: Bombyliidae), Miridae (Hemiptera), Melyridae (Coleoptera), Tiphiidae (Hymenoptera), Myrmecocystus mexicanus Wesmael, and Dorymyrmex grandulus (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The first three insect groups were sensitive to LVC, high temperature, and low humidity, whereas the last three tolerated those same environmental conditions. Changes in temperature, humidity, and resources associated with vegetation coverage seem to differentially affect each species of floral visitors of the three Asteraceae species studied. © The Authors 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Preferência de corte de Acromyrmex crassispinus (Forel, 1909) e Acromyrmex ambiguus (Emery, 1887) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) por diferentes espécies de eucaliptos em laboratório

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Rosado, João Luis Osório; Loeck, Alci Enimar; Freitas, Deise Farias; Gonçalves, Michel Gonçalves de; Dröse, William; Cunha, Uemerson Silva da; Finkenauer, Elder

2014-01-01

A busca por novos métodos de manejo e controle de formigas-cortadeiras vem sendo enfoque de inúmeros estudos pelo país, impulsionada por aspectos econômicos e ambientais. O estabelecimento de espécies resistentes ou menos preferidas ao corte pode contribuir substancialmente neste sentido. Logo, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a preferência de corte entre as espécies Corymbia citriodora, Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus globulus e híbrido de Euc...

Características químicas do lixo de formigueiros de Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae mantidos com diferentes substratos Chemical characteristics of nest refuse of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae reared with different substrates

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Marcelo Braga Bueno Guerra

2007-10-01

Full Text Available As saúvas (Atta spp. estão amplamente distribuídas pelo continente Sul-Americano e são consideradas importantes componentes do ecossistema neotropical. Diversos estudos têm demonstrado o efeito de formigueiros no enriquecimento do solo e na facilitação ao estabelecimento de espécies vegetais. Possivelmente o enriquecimento do solo seja devido ao acúmulo de matéria orgânica decomposta em câmaras de descarte (lixo no interior das colônias. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre a composição química do lixo de formigas cortadeiras. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar os teores de nutrientes do lixo produzido por colônias de Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, em laboratório, mantidas com folhas de duas espécies de plantas. Os tratamentos foram dois tipos de substrato (Acalypha sp. ou Bauhinia sp., repetidos quatro vezes. Oito colônias foram divididas em dois grupos (n = 4, e cada grupo foi mantido com apenas um tratamento. Após 30 dias de experimento, as amostras de folhas e lixo foram secas em estufa (70 ºC e submetidas à digestão ácida, para determinação das concentrações de N, P, K, S, Ca e Mg. Diferenças nas concentrações dos macronutrientes entre os tratamentos (lixo ou folha foram comparadas por meio de ANOVA e teste T. As concentrações de nutrientes no lixo foram sempre maiores do que nas folhas, independentemente da espécie cortada. Folhas de Acalypha sp. apresentaram concentrações significativamente maiores do que folhas de Bauhinia sp. com relação aos teores de P, Ca, Mg e S; entretanto, as concentrações do lixo em todos os formigueiros foram muito próximas, indicando incorporação adicional de nutrientes por meio do fungo, excreções e, ou, cadáveres no lixo. Esses resultados indicam que, independentemente do substrato cortado, o lixo produzido apresenta maiores concentrações de nutrientes do que as folhas, sendo importante locus de reciclagem de nutrientes no

Trends in Ocean Colour and Chlorophyll Concentration from 1889 to 2000, Worldwide

Science.gov (United States)

Wernand, Marcel R.; van der Woerd, Hendrik J.; Gieskes, Winfried W. C.

2013-01-01

Marine primary productivity is an important agent in the global cycling of carbon dioxide, a major ‘greenhouse gas’, and variations in the concentration of the ocean's phytoplankton biomass can therefore explain trends in the global carbon budget. Since the launch of satellite-mounted sensors globe-wide monitoring of chlorophyll, a phytoplankton biomass proxy, became feasible. Just as satellites, the Forel-Ule (FU) scale record (a hardly explored database of ocean colour) has covered all seas and oceans – but already since 1889. We provide evidence that changes of ocean surface chlorophyll can be reconstructed with confidence from this record. The EcoLight radiative transfer numerical model indicates that the FU index is closely related to chlorophyll concentrations in open ocean regions. The most complete FU record is that of the North Atlantic in terms of coverage over space and in time; this dataset has been used to test the validity of colour changes that can be translated to chlorophyll. The FU and FU-derived chlorophyll data were analysed for monotonously increasing or decreasing trends with the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test, a method to establish the presence of a consistent trend. Our analysis has not revealed a globe-wide trend of increase or decrease in chlorophyll concentration during the past century; ocean regions have apparently responded differentially to changes in meteorological, hydrological and biological conditions at the surface, including potential long-term trends related to global warming. Since 1889, chlorophyll concentrations have decreased in the Indian Ocean and in the Pacific; increased in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean, the Chinese Sea, and in the seas west and north-west of Japan. This suggests that explanations of chlorophyll changes over long periods should focus on hydrographical and biological characteristics typical of single ocean regions, not on those of ‘the’ ocean. PMID:23776435

Research into the development of voice assessment in music therapy.

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Sanne Storm

2013-12-01

Full Text Available I denne afhandling undersøges det, om det er muligt at konstruere et stemmeassessmentredskab (Voice Assesment Profile - herefter forkortet VOIAS, der kan dokumentere forandring over tid med validitet og reliabilitet, og som bygger på principperne for evidensbaseret praksis (Wigram et al. 2002, og om det vha VOIAS er muligt at indhente relevante informationer til klinisk musikterapeutisk praksis og til det tværfaglige behandlingsteam. En foreløbig litteraturgennemgang viste, at der ikke fandtes et sådant redskab inden for musikterapi, og at kun lidt forskning inden for musikterapi fokuserede på og omhandlede den menneskelige stemme. Konsekvensen af denne opdagelse var, at jeg måtte konstruere et sådan stemmeassessmentredskab og fastlægge de procedurer, der måtte være omkring implementeringen af et sådant redskab. Derfor fokuserede den endelige litteraturgennemgang på at indsamle information om mulige stemmeparametre, samt udvælgelse og definition af disse med det formål at konstruere en kvantitativ profil, der kunne evaluere den menneskelige stemme i musikterapi. Jeg vurderede, at det for at sikre et godt grundlag for udvælgelsen af parametrene var nødvendigt at studere den musikterapeutiske litteratur om brugen af den menneskelige stemme i klinisk praksis som et primært instrument, såvel som en gennemgang af udvalgte studier af stemmen fra specialer og fra fagområder uden for det musikterapeutiske felt. Litteraturgennemgangen afslørede et påfaldende fravær af opmærksomhed på den menneskelige stemme i musikterapi og den menneskelige stemmes potentiale som kilde til at indsamle informationer om klientens psykiske tilstand og effekten af en musikterapeutisk behandling baseret på stemmeterapeutisk arbejde.

Tamaño y composición de la colonia de tres especies de hormigas del género Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae en la porción central del desierto del Monte, Argentina

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Beatriz E. NOBUA BEHRMANN

2010-01-01

Full Text Available El tamaño de la colonia es un atributo fundamental de la biología de las hormigas ya que está asociado a características ecológicamente relevantes, como sus estrategias de alimentación. Mientras que el tamaño de la colonia de varias especies de hormigas granívoras del género Pogonomyrmex de América del Norte se ha estudiado en detalle, no existe tal información para las especies de América del Sur. En este trabajo, se determinó el tamaño y la composición de la colonia y se describió la estructura del nido de tres especies de Pogonomyrmex que habitan la porción central del desierto del Monte en Argentina: P. mendozanus Cuezzo & Claver, P. inermis Forel y P. rastratus Mayr. Para ello, se excavaron dos nidos de cada especie y se recolectaron todos los individuos encontrados. Las tres especies tienen colonias pequeñas, compuestas por 300-1.100 individuos, de los cuales aproximadamente el 70% son obreras adultas. La estructura de sus nidos es relativamente simple, similar a la de la mayoría de las especies norteamericanas estudiadas, pero con un menor desarrollo en profundidad y un número menor de cámaras; probablemente se deba al menor número de obreras que poseen. Estas características (colonias pequeñas y nidos poco desarrollados son consideradas típicas para las especies del género Pogonomyrmex de América del Sur, lo que las diferencia de la mayoría de sus congéneres estudiados en América del Norte.

Patient-specific electric field simulations and acceleration measurements for objective analysis of intraoperative stimulation tests in the thalamus

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Simone Hemm-Ode

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Despite an increasing use of deep brain stimulation (DBS the fundamental mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. Simulation of electric entities has previously been proposed for chronic DBS combined with subjective symptom evaluations, but not for intraoperative stimulation tests. The present paper introduces a method for an objective exploitation of intraoperative stimulation test data to identify the optimal implant position of the chronic DBS lead by relating the electric field simulations to the patient-specific anatomy and the clinical effects quantified by accelerometry. To illustrate the feasibility of this approach, it was applied to five patients with essential tremor bilaterally implanted in the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM. The VIM and its neighborhood structures were preoperatively outlined in 3D on white matter attenuated inversion recovery MR images. Quantitative intraoperative clinical assessments were performed using accelerometry. Electric field simulations (n = 272 for intraoperative stimulation test data performed along two trajectories per side were set-up using the finite element method for 143 stimulation test positions. The resulting electric field isosurface of 0.2V/mm was superimposed to the outlined anatomical structures. The percentage of volume of each structure's overlap was calculated and related to the corresponding clinical improvement. The proposed concept has been successfully applied to the five patients. For higher clinical improvements, not only the VIM but as well other neighboring structures were covered by the electric field isosurfaces. The percentage of the volumes of the VIM, of the nucleus intermediate lateral of the thalamus and the prelemniscal radiations within the prerubral field of Forel increased for clinical improvements higher than 50% compared to improvements lower than 50%. The presented new concept allows a detailed and objective analysis of a high amount of intraoperative data to

Betydningen av drektige reinsimlers ernæring for kalvers vekst, klimatiske toleranse og overlevelse

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Arne Rognmo

2013-03-01

Full Text Available Forsøkene (viste at tilleggsforing av underernærte simler i siste del av drektighetsperioden kun synes å ha effekt på fødselsvekten for kalvene forutsatt at simlene får høyverdig ernæring etter kalving. Den forskjellige ernæringsbakgrunn før kalving synes således ikke å innvirke på melkeproduksjon/kvalitet, da vektutviklingen for alle grupper av kalver i dette forsøket gikk parallelt i de tre første ukene etter kalving. Det ble heller ikke på noe punkt funnet signifikante forskjeller gruppene imellom når det gjelder kalvenes klimatiske toleranse. Det er dog bemerkelsesverdig at det var stor dødelighet blant de små kalvene etter unge små simler i GRUPPE L. Dette funn er interessant sett i sammenheng med resultatene fra Røros (se bidrag fra Dag Lenvik, side som viser at avkastningen fra en flokk kan økes markant om man konsentrerte slakteuttaket på små kalver og forhindrer bedekning av små, unge simler gjennom fjerning av eldre, store bukker. Med det forbehold at våre forsøk er utført på dyr i innhegning med et lavt aktivitetsnivå, kan man fra våreforsøk foreløpig konkludere med at tillegsfor ing av simler i siste halvdel av drektighetsperioden har effekt på kalvenes fødselsvekt, men at vektutviklingen for kalven er uavhengig av simlenes ernæringshistorie, om sistnevnte tilbys høyverdig ernæring etter kalving. Da små kalver etter underernærte simler viste høy dødelighet like etter fødselen, vil imidlertid tilleggsforing kunne øke avkastningen om det er mange unge simler i flokken. Resultatene fra Røros tyder imidlertid på at dette resultat normalt kan oppnås uten ekstra omkostninger gjennom et selektivt slakteuttak.

RESISTÊNCIA DE ISCAS GRANULADAS, DISTRIBUÍDAS A GRANEL E EM MICROPORTA-ISCAS, À AÇÃO DA UMIDADE EM PLANTIO DE Pinus taeda NO PLANALTO SUL-CATARINENSE

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

David Alexandre Buratto

2017-01-01

Full Text Available Control programs for leaf-cutting ants of the genus Acromyrmex in southern Brazil are poorly studied and the information comes from the control of the genus Atta and the damage caused by leaf-cutting ants in Eucalyptus spp. This lack of information about this ant makes some forest companies of Santa Catarina repeat patterns that are not suitable for infestations and for the species of leaf-cutting ants that occur in this state. Along with this, an inadequate distribution of bulk granular baits, in the four seasons, which end up degraded by excessive moisture caused by fog and by constant rainfall occurring in the region. Given this context, the experiments of this work had the following objectives: identify the species of leaf-cutting ants; determine the nest density per unit area; analyze and evaluate the influence of the year and the rainfall stations in each season, about the conservation and degradation of granulated baits based on sulfluramide (0.3% in bulk and distributed in the form of bait holder. To do so, experiments in Dois Irmãos Farm, owned by Florestal Rio Marombas company in areas of Pinus taeda L., located in the municipality of São Cristóvão do Sul, in the southern highlands of Santa Catarina state were installed. It was concluded that: the only species found in the leaf-cutting ant Acromyrmex crassispinus area is assessed (FOREL, 1909. At the experimental site there are 17 nests, the average is 0.94 nests per hectare, less than 1 m² each apparent area; moisture from southern Santa Catarina plateau region degrades the granulated baits distributed in bulk; the granulated baits distributed in bulk remain conserved seven days in the spring and three days in other seasons; the granulated baits distributed in bait holder remain preserved 15 days in the summer and 30 days in other seasons; the bait holder presents greater resistance to moisture in the field in relation to granulated baits distributed in bulk; the opening of the

Determinação do território de forrageamento e avaliação do uso de micro porta-iscas para as saúvas Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908 e Atta laevigata Fr. Smith, 1858 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

OpenAIRE

Ramos, Vânia Maria [UNESP

2002-01-01

O presente trabalho foi realizado em área de reflorestamento de Eucalyptus spp., localizada na Fazenda Santa Catarina, município de Botucatu, SP, com a finalidade de conhecer o território de forrageamento das saúvas Atta sexdens rubropilosa e Atta laevigata, e investigar a eficiência do método de controle dessas formigas através da aplicação de micro porta-iscas (mipis), distribuídos de forma regular em florestas implantadas com Eucalyptus spp. Utilizando-se a técnica de identificação de olhe...

Mobil læring på danske universiteter

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Inger-Marie Christensen

2013-02-01

Full Text Available Tallene for 2012 taler for sig selv. Ca. 60 % af den voksne, danske befolkning ejer en smartphone og hele 75 % af de 15-34 årige (FDB Analyse, 2012. Andelen af befolkningen, der anvender en mobiltelefon til at gå på nettet er mere end fordoblet i løbet af 2 år (fra 23 % i 2010 til 55 % i 2012, ligesom de mobile aktiviteter har ændret sig mod en mere intensiv anvendelse af apps, sociale netværk, e-bøger og andre former for interaktive multimedier (Danmarks Statistik, 2012; Pew Internet, 2012; GSMA, 2011. 20 % af befolkningen ejer nu også en tablet-pc og denne andel er i kraftig vækst (FDB Analyse, 2012. Både på danske gymnasier og i universitetssammenhæng ser man ligeledes en stigende interesse for den mobile teknologi og dens anvendelse i undervisningen. Uddannelsesinstitutionerne ønsker bl.a. at tilbyde fleksibel adgang til undervisningsmaterialer samt at understøtte aktiv og studenter-centreret læring (Odder Gymnasium, 2012; Johnson et al., 2012; Johnson et al., 2013, og de studerende ønsker at gøre brug af de devices, der allerede er en naturlig del af deres andre gøremål og uformelle læringsaktiviteter (Uys, 2012; Johnson et al., 2013; GSMA, 2011[1]. Alt dette giver helt nye udfordringer og muligheder for universitetsundervisningen, for selvom teknologien er flittigt brugt til fx underholdning, kommunikation og informationssøgning, er det ikke altid klart, hvorledes den bedst kan benyttes til undervisningsaktiviteter. Det er derfor med fornøjelse, at vi i dette nummer af LOM kan præsentere en samling af artikler med dugfriske erfaringer om brugen af mobil teknologi i undervisningen. Artiklerne beretter om gode erfaringer ved brug af mobile teknologier såvel som udfordringer og barrierer. Du kan finde konkrete eksempler på, hvordan teknologien er blevet anvendt til forskellige undervisningsaktiviteter så som forelæsninger, til vejledning, i forbindelse med eksamen og i laboratorieundervisning, ligesom flere af

Environmental and human impact on the sedimentary dynamic in the Rhone Delta subaquatic canyons (France-Switzerland)

Science.gov (United States)

Arantegui, A.; Corella, J. P.; Loizeau, J. L.; Anselmetti, F. S.; Girardclos, S.

2012-04-01

Deltas are very sensitive environments and highly vulnerable to variations in water discharge and the amount of suspended sediment load provided by the delta-forming currents. Human activities in the watershed, such as building of dams and irrigation ditches, or river bed deviations, may affect the discharge regime and sediment input, thus affecting delta growth. Underwater currents create deeply incised canyons cutting into the delta lobes. Understanding the sedimentary processes in these subaquatic canyons is crucial to reconstruct the fluvial evolution and human impact on deltaic environments and to carry out a geological risk assessment related to mass movements, which may affect underwater structures and civil infractructure. Recently acquired high-resolution multibeam bathymetry on the Rhone Delta in Lake Geneva (Sastre et al. 2010) revealed the complexity of the underwater morphology formed by active and inactive canyons first described by Forel (1892). In order to unravel the sedimentary processes and sedimentary evolution in these canyons, 27 sediment cores were retrieved in the distal part of each canyon and in the canyon floor/levee complex of the active canyon. Geophysical, sedimentological, geochemical and radiometric dating techniques were applied to analyse these cores. Preliminary data show that only the canyon originating at the current river mouth is active nowadays, while the others remain inactive since engineering works in the watershed occurred, confirming Sastre et al. (2010). However, alternating hemipelagic and turbiditic deposits on the easternmost canyons, evidence underflow processes during the last decades as well. Two canyons, which are located close to the Rhone river mouth, correspond to particularly interesting deeply incised crevasse channels formed when the underwater current broke through the outer bend of a meander in the proximal northern levee. In these canyons, turbidites occur in the sediment record indicating ongoing

Notat vedr. By- og Landskabsstyrelsens anmodning om en foreløbig vurdering af mulige konsekvenser på udpegningsgrundlaget for Natura 2000 område nr. 162 ved etablering af sommerhuse på Agersø og Orø (Notat til Skov- og Naturstyrelsen)

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Wind, Peter

2008-01-01

  By- og Landskabsstyrelsen har med brev af den 30. maj 2008 anmodet Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser om at foretage en screening af mulige konsekvenser på udpegningsgrundlaget som anført ovenfor på baggrund af eksisterende data og viden.   I notatet gør DMU rede for mulige konsekvenser for udpegnings......  By- og Landskabsstyrelsen har med brev af den 30. maj 2008 anmodet Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser om at foretage en screening af mulige konsekvenser på udpegningsgrundlaget som anført ovenfor på baggrund af eksisterende data og viden.   I notatet gør DMU rede for mulige konsekvenser...

Osteoporose – risikofaktor eller sykdom? Definisjon, utbredelse, årsaker, diagnostisering og forebyggende tiltak

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anne Johanne Søgaard

2009-11-01

Full Text Available  SAMMENDRAGVi vet foreløpig lite om utbredelsen av osteoporose i Norge – dvs. bentetthet (BMD minst 2,5 standardavvikunder gjennomsnittet for unge kvinner. Vi vet heller ikke om det har vært noen økning de siste 10-årene.Denne artikkelen gir en oversikten over emnet osteoporose – med vekt på risikofaktorer og forebyggendetiltak, og drøfter WHOs definisjon av osteoporose. I henhold til denne er osteoporose både en risikofaktor forbrudd – og en betegnelse på en tilstand som forutsetter minst ett brudd (etablert osteoporose. Definisjoneninnebærer at diagnosen osteoporose avhenger av det normalmaterialet man sammenliker med, og medfører aten meget stor andel av norske kvinner over 70 år vil få diagnosen osteoporose. En slik medikalisering vilkunne føre til hyppige legekontroller, angst og lavere fysisk aktivitet av redsel for å falle. Osteoporose erasymptomatisk før man har fått brudd, og har ingen automatiske behandlingsmessige konsekvenser. Man kanlikevel frykte at WHOs definisjon vil tvinge frem krav om medikamentell forebyggende behandling. Dette erproblematisk fordi det er stor overlapping i bentetthet mellom de som får brudd og de som ikke får. Måling avBMD er imidlertid den beste metoden vi i dag har for å forutsi brudd – og er like god som blodtrykksmåling ertil å forutsi slag. For å vurdere individuell risiko, bør imidlertid flere risikofaktorer for brudd kombineres. Deviktigste risikofaktorene for lav bentetthet er: lav kroppsvekt/lav relativ vekt, vektreduksjon, lavt inntak avkalsium/D-vitamin, røyking, tidlig menopause, inaktivitet, høyt alkoholkonsum og genetiske faktorer. Tiltakmed fokus på noen av disse har vist positiv effekt på BMD.Søgaard AJ. Osteoporosis – risk factor or disease? Definition, distribution, aetiology, diagnosis and  ENGLISH SUMMARYAt present we do not know the distribution of osteoporosis in the Norwegian population – i.e. bone mineraldensity (BMD below 2.5 standard

Helsekonsekvenser av vektendring - er slanking fordelaktig? En litteraturoversikt

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Anne Johanne Søgaard

2009-11-01

Full Text Available  SAMMENDRAGLangsom vektøkning gjennom livet inntil kroppsmasseindeks (KMI 27 ser ikke ut til å gi særlige negative utfallmht. total dødelighet. En økning på ! 20 kg fra 18 års alder er trolig negativt – det samme er vektøkning ut fra enhøy utgangsvekt. Selv om mange studier finner økt dødelighet hos yngre og middelaldrende personer med KMI > 27,er det foreløpig ingen studier som har vist at vektreduksjon blant friske overvektige personer gir økt levetid. Flerestudier viser tvert imot en assosiasjon mellom vektreduksjon og økt dødelighet. Heller ikke studier som prøver åbegrense analysene til personer med frivillig vekttap, finner redusert dødelighet etter vektreduksjon blant friskeovervektige individer. Noen få studier har vist redusert dødelighet blant overvektige personer med etablertesykdommer eller høy risiko for hjerte-karsykdom og diabetes. Når det gjelder sykelighet har de fleste studier entenikke funnet noen assosiasjon mellom vektreduksjon og sykelighet, eller funnet økt sykelighet. Unntaket er diabetes,der vekttap i enkelte studier samvarierer med redusert sykelighet. Det er i mange studier funnet sammenheng mellomvekttap og økt risiko for lårhalsbrudd og gallesten. De fleste studier har imidlertid vist at moderat vektreduksjon(vekttap på opp til 10% fører til redusert blodtrykk, forbedret glukosekontroll, redusert kolesterolnivå, forbedretdyslipidemi, forbedret lungefunksjon, bedre søvnkvalitet og redusert søvnapnè. Moderat vekttap vil også kunnelindre leddsmerter. Dette tilsynelatende paradoks diskuteres i artikkelen – bl.a. drøftes de metodeproblemer som erinnebygget i mange av studiene. Fordi det har vist seg vanskelig for personer med kraftig overvekt å redusere vektenpermanent – og fordi resultatene mht. helseeffektene av vektreduksjon er usikre, bør hovedinnsatsen settes inn iforhold til å forebygge overvekt/fedme overfor enkeltpersoner med potensielle problemer. Personer med