Lithuanian Metrics as a Source on the History of the Turkic States of Eastern Europe »

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V.V. Trepavlov

2015-12-01

Full Text Available Lithuanian Metrica contains a lot of information on the Turkic khanates of Eastern Europe of the 15th–16th centuries. It consists mainly of documents related to foreign relations of the Polish-Lithuanian State and covers its contacts primarily with the Crimean Yurt. In Lithuanian Metrica can be also found valuable information about the Great Horde and the Nogai Horde. Information reflecting contacts of Vilna and Cracow with Kazan and Astrakhan khanates is also presented in metrica although very fragmentary. The Polish-Lithuanian State inherited policy of Vilnius rulers in relation to the khans. This policy emerged in the era of the weakening and disintegration of the Golden Horde during the reign of the Grand Dukes Algirdas and, especially, Vytautas and was expressed in the form of patronage of deposed Tokhtamysh and his children. Later it continued in contacts with the Crimean Girays and (until the beginning of the 16th century with the khans of Great Horde. In respect of the Golden Horde, the documents of Lithuanian Metrica contain separate memories of participants of diplomatic correspondence concerning order that once existed in this State. In general, such memories occur both as references to the deeds and decrees of the former Horde’s “tsars” justifying the legitimacy of the current policies, and as norms of relations adopted at the time, presented as a model to be followed by descendants. The memory of the Horde-Lithuanian relations of the 13th – the first half of the 15th centuries are reflected in the materials of Lithuanian Metrica in the form of an equally abstract references to the relationship that existed in the times of ancestors. Tatar and Polish-Lithuanian side constantly referred to the relationship of the “brotherhood”, i.e. status equality, which were established between the Grand Duke Algirdas and Vitautas and king Casimierz on the one hand, and the Horde khans on the other. The documents contained in

Kurss na konteinernõje perevozki / Ainars Shlesers, Algirdas Butkevičius, Edgar Savisaar ; interv. Olga Pavuk

Index Scriptorium Estoniae

Shlesers, Ainars

2007-01-01

Baltimaade transpordiministrite 2006. aasta - millised ministeeriumi algatused on transpordile mõju avaldanud, olulisemad projektid. Hinnang Läti vabamajandustsoonide mõjule ning Venemaa ühinemisele WTOga

The Narrativization of an Unusual Event at the Belgrade Zoo: A Semiotic Analysis of The Story of Gabi the Dog and the Jaguar

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Sonja Žakula

2016-02-01

Full Text Available The paper offers a semiotic analysis of the narrative of Gabi the dog and the jaguar in the form in which the story appears on the website of the Belgrade zoo. I believe that it is valid to assume that an analysis of this narrative can provide a window into the ways in which meanings of concepts such as ‘wildness’, ‘domesticity’, ‘freedom’, ‘captivity’ and ultimately, ‘nature’ and ‘culture’ are articulated within the context of this institution. On the one hand, I will base the paper on ideas articulated in the field of human-animal relations, and on the other on the methodological postulates of semiotic analysis introduced by Algirdas Julien Greimas and further developed by Dragana Antonijević. The aim of the paper is to, by applying semiotic analysis to the way in which an unusual event at the zoo was narrativized, uncover the deeper structure of thought which underlies the story and reflects and shapes not just the discourse of the Belgrade zoo, but the implicit understanding of the role and function of zoos in Serbia up until the present day.

Korupsi dalam Film Indonesia

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Rhafidilla Vebrynda

2015-01-01

Full Text Available Abstract: Corruption has been rooted and institutionalized in our smallest environment. The campaign to fight corruption comes from various organizations through numerous varieties of means. This study looks at the Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK campaign through a film entitled “Kita Versus Korupsi”. This study uses narrative analysis by looking at the elements of narrative, narrative structure, the analysis model of aktan and the Greimas’ semiotic square. It is found that the film narrates corruption as trouble and resistor. The various forms of corruption are narrated using the combination of techniques scene, dialogue and flashback. Abstrak: Korupsi sudah mengakar dan melembaga hingga lingkungan terkecil kita. Kampanye untuk melawannya datang dari berbagai pihak melalui beragam sarana. Penelitian ini melihat kampanye Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK melalui film “Kita Versus Korupsi”. Menggunakan metode analisis naratif dengan melihat unsur naratif, struktur naratif, analisis model aktan dan oposisi segi empat Algirdas Greimas, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa korupsi dinarasikan sebagai gangguan dan penghambat. Film tersebut selalu menghadapkan pelaku korupsi dengan pihak yang tidak korupsi secara langsung. Latar belakang pengetahuan tokoh utama tentang korupsi berpengaruh dalam pengambilan keputusannya. Berbagai bentuk korupsi dinarasikan dengan teknik penggabungan scene, dialog dan flashback.

Exploring the State of Unbalance within the Topical and Heterotopical Spaces at the Core of Story

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Mahshad Jalalpourroodsari

2013-01-01

Full Text Available This paper examines one of the ways in which narrativity as a complex concept is rooted in almost simple notions which support it at its basic levels. The discussion here would be devoted to the concept of the minimal story (récit minimal which is defined as being part of the surface narrative syntax of every discourse in general and Ibsen’s A Doll’s House in particular. It will be seen how the play’s content signs are converted via the minimal story and how the supporting pillars of this discourse are grounded in elementary types of narrative programmes which cement the trajectory (Note 1 of meaning at its surface stratum. The basis of this research is the semiotic theory proposed by the French structuralist semiotician Algirdas Julien Greimas as the founder of Paris School of semiotics. It will be seen how the story can arrange itself from its end and how the whole narrative process may possess a temporal and syntactic orientation which forms the bare structure around which the whole story is weaved. This paper attempts to shed some light on the inner fluctuations at the heart of Ibsen’s play accommodating an orientational schema which the semioticians would call the nucleus of all narrative systems. Therefore, in this article, an introduction of the basic concepts will be followed by an analysis of the turbulences affecting the main figures/actants (Note 2 inhabiting the minimal story of Ibsen’s discourse.

Delineating Two Exclusive Views on Power of Choosing and Modal Dynamics of Double Performances

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Mahshad Jalalpourroodsari

2012-11-01

Full Text Available This article endeavors to make use of the theories presented by French semiotician Algirdas Julien Greimas, in order to demonstrate the main structural exchanges inherent within some of the critical choices and acute performances at the heart of Ibsen’s A Doll’s House. In this study, the syntagmatic exchange structures and the paradigmatic structures of gift and test which are at work within the narrative line of the play are discussed and exteriorized so that there can be a better apprehension and appreciation for the internal path of signification concerning the relation of the main couple actants (Note 1 in this discourse. It will be seen how the power to choose of the protagonists of exchange or loci of exchange structures might be exercised or overlooked and how one may devalorise and negate an offer of exchange based on the way it is modally interpreted. This study will contemplate on the manner in which one’s voluntary renunciation of rights may metamorphose into a manipulative and deceptive dispossession of that right, when actants get involved in parallel programmes which are complementary and at the same time contradictory to one another. Thus, through adopting such a perspective towards the choices made and the dilemmas faced by the main actants of Ibsen’s discourse, one gets the chance to have a more tangible canvas on which to draw Nora and Torvald’s change of hearts and malfunctioning transactions.

The development of logistics centres : important factor of increasing transport sector efficiency = Razvitije logistitsheskihh tsentrov : vazhnõi faktor uvelitshenija effektivnosti transportnogo sektora / Algirdas Sakalys

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Sakalys, Algirdas

2003-01-01

Ettekanne 3.-4. detsembrini 2003 Tallinnas toimunud rahvusvahelisel konverents-näitusel "Logistics and transport in international trade" teeb ülevaate Leedu transpordisüsteemi olukorrast, arengustrateegiast ja reformidest, lähtudes Euroopa Liidu transpordipoliitika tegevuskavast. Kaardid. Diagramm. Tabel

Apresentação

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Os Editores

2004-12-01

Full Text Available Este número da Significação segue os parâmetros já definidos pela revista, isto é, integra um conjunto de trabalhos de pesquisadores de diferentes Programas de Pós-Graduação do País e ensaios de investigadores estrangeiros que se publicam pela primeira vez, dois deles na língua original e um terceiro traduzido para o português. Quanto à temática, os textos aqui reunidos lidam com assuntos que nos parecem de interesse considerando as tendências atuais dos estudos da comunicação e, ainda, a relevância da epistemologia para a análise e interpretação das metáforas visuais, assim como das mudanças porque vem passando o conceito de sujeito nas ciências humanas. Isso fica claro se, por exemplo, nos adentramos na leitura e discussão dos fundamentos narratológicos, no equacionamento da metodologia posta em prática nas abordagens de discursos fílmicos ou da apropriação caricatural e grotesca da crise do sujeito que se manifesta no espetáculo midiático. Somem-se a isso os esforços destinados a nos dar, de um lado, um panorama diacrônico dos aspectos fundamentais do cinema mexicano moderno e, de outro, uma visão predominantemente sincrônica de um tema que funciona como entremeio no cinema espanhol contemporâneo. Em seu conjunto, a diversidade de tópicos abordados define, como não poderia deixar de ser, eixos comuns em torno dos quais giram pontos de vista cujas diferenças não impedem o diálogo, traço característico que orienta as particularidades deste periódico. É de se ressaltar, também, a preocupação com o estudo da imagem a partir das peculiaridades das etimologias iconográficas, pressuposto que, a nosso ver, abre novas perspectivas para a crítica das mensagens visuais. Mas este número, levando em conta a já longa trajetória da revista, se toma, sobretudo, singular pelo fato de publicar, pela primeira vez e em português, um texto pouco conhecido de Algirdas Julien Greimas, traduzido diretamente do

International cooperation in accident analysis of RBMK reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Kaliatka, A.; Isag

2005-01-01

Chouha Michel (Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety), D'Auria Francesco (Institute of Pisa), Kaliatka Algirdas (Lithuanian Energy Institute), Uspuras Eugenijus (Lithuanian Energy Institute). The safety of nuclear power plants is a primary concern of the European Union (EU) and its Member States. In the early 1990s, the European Union decided to take a prominent role in international efforts to help the New Independent States (NIS) and countries of central Europe to ensure the safety of their nuclear reactors. The Commission's approach to nuclear safety in central and Eastern Europe and the NIS is based on two main objectives, which are fully in line with the policy of the international community as decided by the G7 in 1992: 1) In the short term, to improve operational safety; to make near term technical improvements to plants based on safety assessments and to enhance regulatory regimes; 2) In the longer term, to examine the scope for replacing less safe plants by the development of alternative energy sources and more efficient use of energy and to examine the potential for upgrading plants of more recent design. In this paper the safety concerns, related to RBMK type reactors (Russian acronym for 'Channelized Large Power Reactor) are discussed. These reactors were not exported and were built exclusively in the territory of the former Soviet Union. There are presently plants at Saint Petersburg (Sosnovy Bor), Kursk, Chernobyl and Smolensk. A total of 17 such reactors have been built and 12 are currently in operation. Two international projects: TACIS project 'Development of a code system for severe accident analysis in RBMK reactors' and PHARE projects 'Support to VATESI for Important Tasks Relevant to the Licensing Activities of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant' are presented. The aim of the TACIS project is to help the Russian Authorities to build such capabilities, for their RBMK nuclear power plants (NPPs). The drawing of the Tacis nuclear

Apresentação da editora deste número 10.5007/1518-2924.2006v11nesp3pii

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Célia Regina Simonetti Barbalho

2006-12-01

Full Text Available No mundo de Babel em que vivemos não falamos uma mesma língua, mesmo quando nos expressamos através do mesmo idioma. Nesta obscura torre, onde o homem se manifesta pelas linguagens que constituiu, muitos são os modos como individualmente um sujeito compreende o que está implícito e explicito na teia de sentidos que foi cuidadosamente constituída e articulada para expressar significado. Dewey, ao constituir seu sistema de classificação, afirmou ser ele um construto para educação do individuo embora entendesse ser necessário “[...] saber como extrair sentido da página impressa”. De fato, independente do suporte onde se exibe, uma mensagem para se tornar um lance de comunicação, precisa ser assimilada, demandando que dela se extraia os sentidos que manifesta. Este desafio aproximou a Semiótica da Ciência da Informação uma vez que ambas buscam consolidar algo essencial para minimizar os impactos da obesidade de informação que se vivencia hoje, qual seja, promover acesso ao significado dos artefatos de cultura produzidos pelo homem de modo a fomentar saberes que constituam conhecimentos ou, como afirma Maria Aparecida Moura, no artigo Ciência da Informação e Semiótica: conexão de saberes, ambas procuram ampliar a compreensão das manifestações de modo a conectar conhecimento e sabedoria. Nesta perspectiva, a aproximação inicialmente ocorreu pelo foco que, aparentemente lhes é mais próximo, o das linguagens documentárias e suas semioses, como questiona Marilda Lopes Ginez de Lara, no artigo É possível falar em signo e semiose documentária? Assim exposta, tal aproximação da Semiótica com a Ciência da Informação ocorreu através das duas abordagens mais conhecidas da primeira: a corrente fenomenológica do americano Charles Sanders Peirce e a lingüística do lituano-francês Algirdas Julien Greimas, embora minimamente exista ainda a vertente russa da Escola de Tartu, representada por Iuri Lotman. Os estudos