International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Treatment of Ewing's sarcoma by radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery singly and in combination is reviewed.(M.G.B.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Between 1973 and 1978 combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy were given to 22 patients with histologically proven Ewing's sarcoma. The combined chemotherapy consisted of cyclophosphamide, vincristin, adriamycin, as well as dacarbazine in some cases. The neoplasm was a localized one at the beginning of treatment in 14 of the 22. These patients received high-voltage rediotherapy to the primary focus at a focal dose between 42 and 55 Gray (4200-5500 rad), followed by chemotherapy. After 6-8 treatment cycles, adriamycin was replaced by methotrexate. Nine of the 14 patients survived without recurrence for 12 to over 59 months. Eight patients had extensive metastases at the beginning of treatment: they at first received only chemotherapy, followed by radiotherapy or operation, as indicated. Full clinical remission was achieved in five of them: in three this remission ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Treatment with sorafenib prolongs both the median survival and time to progression by nearly 3 months in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Although the effects of combining sorafenib...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Metastatic testicular germ cell tumours are cured in approximately 85% of patients using cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy. Patients who fail to respond have a poor prognosis, and there is a...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Between 1964 and 1977, 94 patients with Ewing's sarcoma of bone were treated at the National Cancer Institute. They received 5000 rad to the whole bone and progressively more aggressive chemotherapy protocols. The patients were divided according to site of primary lesion into central, proximal and distal lesions, with 19%, 33% and 57%, respectively, alive and well. The local control rate is high (93%), with good functional results in the distal lesions, and no changes are needed in radiation therapy dose or volume. Control is not as satisfactory for central and proximal lesions and efforts need to be made to increase control at these sites. We are at present attempting to define more accurately the extent of soft tissue disease, increasing the dose to 6000 rad for central lesions, and using a more aggressive chemotherapy program, in the hope of increasing the local control in these more aggressive tumors.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report the case of a 22-year-old man with Ewing's sarcoma who attained a complete remission (CR) after combination radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia with multiple cytogenetic abnormalities involving chromosome 5 and 7 developed 16 years later. The patient underwent induction chemotherapy and entered a CR. Peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from a matched sibling was performed successfully and he is in complete remission of both ALL and Ewing's sarcoma. (Copyright (c) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. All rights reserved.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Twenty-two patients with vertebral primaries were registered in the Intergroup Ewing's Sarcoma Study between 1973 and 1977. The radiation doses to the primary tumors ranged between 3800 and 6200 rad. All patients received intensive combination chemotherapy. After a followup ranging between 14 and 62 months, 14 patients remained disease-free. All patients with primary tumor of the cervical and dorsal spine remained disease-free. Of eight patients with lesions in the distal spine, (sacrococcygeal region) six developed recurrence, in three a local recurrence was observed despite doses of 6000 rad or higher. Doses of 5000 rad or less (in addition to combination chemotherapy as used in the Intergroup Ewing's Study) appear adequate in controlling the primary tumors of the proximal segments of the spinal column.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Clinical studies have proved the effectiveness of local ablading methods in pations with non-resectable liver metastases of a colorectal carcinoma. RF ablation and LITT are a potentially curative therapy option and an alternative to systemic chemotherapy; the latter is carried out primarily for reducing tumour size with the goal of secondary resectability. The number of R0-sesectable metastases can be enhanced by a combined therapy of surgery and local ablading methods, e.g. by preoperative, intraoperative or postoperative ablasion of further non-resectable tumours during surgery. Systemic chemotherapy combined with surgery as an adjuvant method is not recommended unless in cases of non-abladable tumour recidivation. Currently, systemic chemotherapy is used as a neo-adjuvant therapy for tumour size reduction with the goal of secondary resectability or, in case of inoperability, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lysozyme chloride was administered to 84 patients of laryngeal cancer and the clinical effect was discussed. Lysozyme chloride delayed the appearance of swelling and white plaque while it accelerated that of inflammatory erythema in radiotherapy. No difference of the local inflammation was found between lysozyme administered groups and not administered groups when irradiation and chemotherapy were combined. Any side effect was not seen in blood picture of all cases by using lysozyme chloride.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Childhood cancer survivors at highest risk of developing a secondary malignancy are those with hereditary retinoblastoma. The majority of such secondary cancers will be sarcomas, most commonly of bone. One-third of these occur outside a typical radiation field, commonly in an extremity. Bone sarcoma is also the most commonly reported secondary cancer to develop among survivors of Ewing's sarcoma. In this group, radiation doses greater than 60 Gy as well as alkylating agent chemotherapy have been identified as contributors to the increased risk. The prognosis for patients with a secondary sarcoma has been poor, with few cures reported to date. However, an aggressive, combined modality approach, including radical resection, postoperative radiation, and adjuvant chemotherapy, may improve the survival rate.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To evaluate repeated hepatic intraarterial chemotherapy (HIC) as a palliative treatment option for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma and liver metastases of various origins that were progressive under systemic chemotherapy. Between 2002 and 2006, 55 patients were treated in 4-week intervals (mean five sessions). Combined gemcitabine/mitomycin was administered intraarterially within 1 h. Tumor response was evaluated after the third session according to RECIST. Treated tumor entities were colorectal carcinoma (CRC) (n = 12), breast cancer (BC) (n = 12), cholangiocarcinoma (CCC) (n = 10), pancreatic (n = 4), ovarian (n = 3), gastric, cervical, papillary (each n = 2), prostate, esophageal carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma (each n = 1), cancer of unknown primacy (CUP) (n = 5). All patients tolerated the treatment well without any major side effects or complications. In total, there were 1 complete response (CR), 19 partial responses (PR), ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: We present an update analysis of the multiinstitutional Ewing's sarcoma study CESS 86. Methods and Materials: From January 1986 through June 1991, 177 patients with localized Ewing's sarcoma of bone, aged 25 years or less, were recruited. Chemotherapy consisted of four 9-week courses of vincristine, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, and adriamycin (VACA) in low-risk tumors (extremity tumors =# 100 cm"3). Local therapy was an individual decision in each patient and was either radical surgery (amputation, wide resection) or resection plus postoperative irradiation with 45 Gy or definitive radiotherapy with 60 Gy (45 Gy plus boost). Irradiated patients were randomized concerning the type of fractionation in either conventional fractionation (once daily 1.8-2.0 Gy, break of chemotherapy) or hyperfractionated split-course irradiation simultaneously with the VACA/VAIA chemotherapy (twice daily 1.6 Gy, break of 12 days ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The treatment of advanced colorectal cancer with 5-fluorouracil has two major problems: development of tumor resistance and toxicity toward normal tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible advantages of combining 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with resveratrol (trans-3, 4prime, 5-trihydroxystilbene) for treating HT-29 and SW-620 colorectal carcinoma cell lines. Since combined treatment using 5-FU with resveratrol resulted in a significant decrease in long-term cell survival, we investigated the possible basis of this synergistic interaction at a molecular level, focusing on oxidative stress as a possible mediator of cell death. Resveratrol established interactions with the mitochondria of cancer cells and induced an imbalance in cellular antioxidant activities, leading...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The results of 144 previously untreated cases of primary Ewing's sarcoma of bone are reported with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. This series was treated between 1972 and 1982 at Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli with a combined therapy. The local control of the disease consisted of amputation (ten cases), resection followed by radiation therapy (35-45 Gy) (48 cases) and radiation therapy alone (40-60 Gy) (86 cases). Adjuvant chemotherapy, rigorously standardized, was performed according two different protocols: the first (85 cases treated in the period 1972-1978) consisted of vincristine (VCR) Adriamycin (doxorubicin) (ADM), and cyclophosphamide (EDX); the second (59 cases treated in the period 1979-1982) of VCR, ADM, EDX and dactinomycin (DACT). At a follow-up of 5 to 16 years (median, 9), 59 patients (41%) are continuously disease-free (CDF), 81 (56%) developed metastatic disease and/or local recurrence, and four (3%) had a second malignancy. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Purpose:The oral chemotherapy cycle management program (CMP) provides clinical management support to patients receiving certain oral chemotherapies. The CMP includes a dose-monitoring...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ovarian function was evaluated in 11 women 16 to 43 years of age at treatment who received doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and high doses of methotrexate with or without radiotherapy in adjuvant therapy of soft tissue sarcoma. Five women (16-33 yr old) who received chemotherapy alone or combined with radiotherapy only at sites distant from the ovaries (chest wall, thigh, and leg) had minimal menstrual irregularities or temporary cessation of menses during therapy; cyclic menses returned promptly after therapy. Gonadotropin levels (expressed as means +/- SD) (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), 10 +/- 15 mlU/ml; luteinizing hormone (LH), 10 +/- 4 mlU/ml) and 17 ..beta..-estradiol (E/sub 2/) levels (means +/- SD, 208 +/- 147 pg/ml) were normal. By contrast, 4 older women (ages 36-43 yr) who received similar treatment developd persistent amenorrhea with postmenopausal levels of gonadotropin (FSH, 109 +/- 29 mlU/ml; LH, 72 +/- 19 mlU/ml) and E/sub ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Thyroid cancer is the most frequently diagnosed endocrine cancer and causes more deaths than all other endocrine cancers combined. Research findings support the concept that a subpopulation of thyroid cancer cells displays properties characteristic of stem cells. These putative cancer-forming entities drive tumorigenesis as a result of their dual ability to undergo self-renewal and to differentiate into various types of cancer cells; they also mediate metastasis and are resistant to the effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This Review discusses the cellular origin of thyroid cancer and the properties of the thyroid cancer stem cell niche. The article critically evaluates the methods used to identify molecular markers expressed by thyroid-cancer-initiating cells and outlines prosp...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A retrospective study of Ewing's Sarcoma at The Armed Forces Malignant Diseases Treatment Centre, Command Hospital, Pune, is presented. A total of 38 cases over a period of thirteen years have been studied. Males predominate slightly, and the common age group on presentation has been in the second and third decade. Humerus, pelvis and femur are the bones commonly affected. The initial line of management has been primarily radiotherapy, which has been over the years supplemented by combination chemotherapy. All the cases achieved remission, though only 32 cases (84 per cent) had complete remission, and the remaining only partial remission. The overall survival in those offered aggressive therapy has been over 50 per cent in two years. The present policy in the management of these cases is discussed. (author). 4 tabs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Over a 5-year period (1976-1980) 499 patients with non-seminomatous testicular germ cell tumours were included in the Danish Testicular Carcinoma Study (DATECA). The 3-year crude survival for patients in clinical stages I, II and III was 91, 77 and 45 per cent, respectively. In stage I the relapse-free survival for patients given radiation combined with bleomycin and vincristine was significantly higher than that for patients given radiation alone. No difference in the crude survival for patients given radiation combined with bleomycin and vincristine was significantly higher than that for patients given radiation alone. No difference in the crude survival was observed. For stage II patients maintenance chemotherapy following radiation combined with bleomycin and vincristine did not improve relapse-free or crude survival. The survival of patients with non-seminomatous tumours improved significantly ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors report on a search for pair production of first-generation scalar leptoquarks (LQ) in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 252 pb{sup -1} collected at the Fermilab Tevatron collider by the D0 detector. They observe no evidence for LQ production in the topologies arising from LQ{ovr LQ} {yields} eqeq and LQ{ovr LQ} {yields} eqvq, and derive 95% C.L. lower limits on the LQ mass as a function of {beta}, where {beta} is the branching fraction for LQ {yields} eq. The limits are 241 and 218 GeV/c{sup 2} for {beta} = 1 and 0.5, respectively. These results are combined with those obtained by D0 at {radical}s = 1.8 TeV, which increases these LQ mass limits to 256 and 234 GeV/c{sup 2}.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A human cholangiocarcinoma, Ch-1, serially transplanted to nude mice was used for experimental chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and conbination chemoradiotherapy. In the group of chemotherapy with single drug, Mitomycin C (MMC) revealed greater effectiveness than Adriamycin in terms of tumor regression, histological findings, and minor side effects. MMC and radiotherapy by Linac X-ray showed exponential linear dose response curve against tumor weight. Their effects were equivalent at doses of MMC 1 mg/kg and radiation 1,000 rads/mouse in the changes of tumor weight and of histological findings which were similar to each other. Combination chemoradiotherapy showed the synergistic action when the radiation (500 rads/mouse) was performed before MMC (0.5 mg/kg) administration, whereas only the additive effect was observed when the sequence was reversed. The cell kinetic analysis was performed by the impulse cytophotometry, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The bosonic string on R"2"5xS"1 has a series of states turning tachyonic at radii implying T=IT_H. We employ the B picture to examine these thermal states in the one-loop free energy and find them in various combinations, factorizing towards rational points on the real line boundary of the fundamental domain B: (-1/2=# 0). These thermal tachyons are interpreted as signaling Hagedorn instabilities against the production of an l-highly-excited-identical-strings state, which gives a relation between the one-loop partition function and l-point functions. (orig.).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The mechanism of chemotherapy-induced acceleration of ovarian aging is not fully understood. We used doxorubicin, a widely used cancer chemotherapeutic, in a variety of in vivo xenograft,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The effectiveness of chemotherapy in human schistosomiasis varies from one area to another, and limited data from experimentally infected animals suggest inherent differences in the susceptibility...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The role of radiation therapy in local tumor control and decreased incidence of pulmonary metastasis is reported in 271 patients who were entered into the Intergroup Ewing's Sarcoma Study with more than one year follow-up and on whom all radiotherapy records were reviewed. The majority of the patients were irradiated to the primary tumor with doses of 4500 to 6500 rad in five to six weeks in combination with systemic administration of three drugs (vincristine, actinomycin-D and cyclophosphamide) or four drugs (vincristine, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide and adriamycin). One of the groups of patients was treated with three drugs and bilateral pulmonary irradiation (1500 rad, uncorrected dose, in two weeks). Preliminary analysis shows an overall local primary tumor control of 89%. Patients with lesions in the pelvis had a local failure rate of 17% (9 of 52) and in the humerus 23% (7 of 31). Factors affecting local recurrences are analyzed in detail. Distant ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper is a progress report on the role of radiation therapy (RT) in local tumor control and the decreased incidence of pulmonary metastasis in 251 patients entered in the Intergroup Ewing's Sarcoma Study. All were followed for more that 1 year, and their RT records were reviewed. Doses to the primary tumor in the range of 4,500--6,500 rad were administered over approximately 5 to 6 weeks in combination with 4 drugs, i.e., vincristine (VCR), dactinomycin (DAC), cyclophosphamide (CY), and adriamycin, or only the first 3. One group of patients received the 3 drugs and bilateral pulmonary irradiation (approximately 1,500 rad in 2 wk). Preliminary analysis showed a local primary tumor control of approximately 90%. Patients with lesions in the pelvis and humerus had local failure rates of 13% (7 of 54) and 21.4% (6 of 28), respectively. The treatment groups differed significantly in the incidence of pulmonary metastasis. Patients treated with the 4 drugs (regimen 1) ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a rare malignancy. Despite radical resection, survival remains poor, with high rates of local and distant failure. To clarify the role of radiotherapy with chemotherapy, we performed a retrospective analysis of resected patients who had undergone chemoradiotherapy. Methods and Materials: A total of 45 patients (13 with proximal and 32 with distal disease) underwent resection plus radiotherapy (median dose, 50.4 Gy). All but 1 patient received concurrent fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 30 months for all patients and 40 months for survivors. Results: Of the 45 patients, 33 underwent adjuvant radiotherapy, and 12 were treated neoadjuvantly. The 5-year actuarial overall survival, disease-free survival, metastasis-free survival, and locoregional control rates were 33%, 37%, 42%, and 78%, respectively. The median survival was 34 months. No patient died perioperatively. Patient ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The outcome was retrospectively examined and prognostic factors were discussed for arterial chemo-infusion therapy (ACT) through an implanted reservoir system and radiation therapy (RT) in patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCC). ACT plus RT were conducted to 25 patients (mean age 61.7 y, M/F 12/13, stage III-IVB) during 10 years from 1996 to 2005 with various regimens of cisplatin (CDDP), 5- fluorouracil (FU), epirubicin (FARM), mitomycin C (MMC) plus 39-50 Gy of radiation in a fractionated manner partly involving internal RT (2 cases, 15 Gy) and RT for metastatic bone (1, 25 Gy). The survival rates at 1, 2 and 3 years after ACT+RT were respectively 52.5, 43.7 and 28.1%; total efficacy (PR) was 36% (9/25) at 6 months; and significantly good prognostic factors were found to be female and absence of metastasis remote and/or lymphatic around artery. Authors concluded that ACT+RT was a meaningful treatment for highly advanced non-respectable CCC and that ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Metastable austenitic steels show excellent mechanical properties, such as high strength combined with excellent ductility and toughness due to martensitic transformation under mechanical loading (transformation induced plasticity effect). A good energy consumption, and, in the case of high-alloyed metastable austenitic steels, a high corrosion resistance, increase the potential of these materials for diverse applications, also in regard of safety requirements. Up to now, numerous wrought alloys were investigated concerning mechanical behaviour, TRIP-effect, martensitic transformation behaviour and modelling of transformation kinetics or stress-strain behaviour. New high alloyed cast CrMnNi-steels, developed at Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, provide the chance to reduce processing steps, production time and costs. In order to understand the influence of temperature on the martensitic phase transformation behaviour and therefore on mechanical properties ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colorectal carcinoma is a highly prevalent and common cause of cancer in Taiwan. There is still no available cure for this malignant disease. To address this issue, we applied the multimodality of molecular imaging to explore the efficacy of diagnostic and therapeutic nanoradiopharmaceuticals in an animal model of human colorectal adenocarcinoma [colorectal cancer (CRC)] that stably expresses luciferase (luc) as a reporter. In this study, an in vivo therapeutic efficacy evaluation of dual-nanoliposome (100 nm in diameter) encaged vinorelbine (VNB) and "1"1"1In-oxine on HT-29/luc mouse xenografts was carried out. HT-29/luc tumor cells were transplanted subcutaneously into male SCID mice. Multimodality of molecular imaging approaches including bioluminescence imaging (BLI), gamma scintigraphy, whole-body autoradiography (WBAR) and in vivo tumor growth tracing, histopathology and biochemistry/hematology analyses were applied on xenografted SCID mice to study the treatments with 6% ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Aims: Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine 3; 5-HT3) receptors are involved in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), and 5-HT3 antagonists are part of the `gold standard' antiemetic treatment during chemotherapy. We investigated the correlation of common variants in 5-HT3 receptor subunit genes with the occurrence of CINV. Materials & methods: A total of 110 previously characterized chemotherapy-naive women with primary breast cancer treated with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy served as a study group for mutational analysis by direct sequencing. Eight common SNPs in the 5-HT3 receptor genes, HTR3A, HTR3B, HTR3D and HTR3E, were selected for association analysis. Results: A nonsynonymous variant in HTR3D, p.G36A (rs6443930), was found to be over-represented in nonresponders, assu...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ZusammenfassungUbelkeit und Erbrechen stellen zwei Symptome dar, die grundlich untersucht worden sind und bei Krebspatienten haufig auftreten. Die meisten Studien haben sich bislang mit Haufigkeit und Management dieser beiden Symptome befasst. Das Ziel dieser Studie bestand darin, ein besseres Verstandnis dafur zu entwickeln, wie Krebspatienten ihre Symptome erleben-insbesondere Ubelkeit und Erbrechen nach Chemotherapie-und welche Auswirkungen diese Symptome auf den Tagesablauf der Patienten haben. Neun Frauen mit unterschiedlichen Krebsleiden und Chemotherapie Regimes wurden zwecks Chemotherapie stationar aufgenommen und nahmen an der Studie teil. Es wurden halbstrukturierte Interviews einschliesslich einer Inhaltsanalyse in Anlehnung an Kvale durchgefuhrt (Klarung und Entwicklung neuer B...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sepsis has continuously been a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality despite current advances in chemotherapy and patient intensive care facilities. Neonates are at high risk for...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

From 1979 to 1986, 182 patients with biopsy proven diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma of bone were observed. One hundred of the 182 patients (72 males, 28 females, median age 15.8 years) with localized disease and no previous treatment were treated with chemotherapy (VCR, ADM, CTX, D-ACT) for 15-18 months. Local treatment was radiotherapy (42 patients), surgery (31 patients), or a combination of both (27 pts). Radiation doses ranged from 45 to 64 Gy given with conventional fractionation. Median follow-up was 51.2 months (24-106). Overall and disease-free survival were, respectively, 58.7 and 42.6%. Resected patients tended to have a better local control (Surgery 93.6%, Surgery + Radiation therapy 92.6%, Radiation therapy 69.1%). Disease-free survival was significantly related to the volume of the primary tumor (bulky: 33.2%, not-bulky: 57.7%), to site (extremities 54.6%, central sites 16.6%, other sites 40.9%), and to local treatment (Radiation ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Success in improving treatment outcomes in childhood cancer has been achieved almost exclusively through multicenter and multidisciplinary clinical and applied research over several decades. While biologically rational as well as empirical approaches have led to combination chemotherapy and multimodality approaches to therapy, which have given rise to evidence-based practice standards, similar scientific rigor has not always been as evidently applied to modalities utilized to assess initial disease burden and, more important, response to investigational approaches to therapy. As the empirical approach to therapeutic advances has likely maximized its benefit, future progress will require translation of biologic discovery most notably from the areas of genomics and proteomics. Hence, attempts to improve efficacy of therapy will require a parallel effort to minimize collateral damage of future therapeutic approaches, and such a parallel approach ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Patients with Ewing's sarcoma who present with a central axis or proximal extremity primary and/or with metastatic disease have a poor prognosis despite aggressive combination chemotherapy and local irradiation. In this high risk group of patients, total body irradiation (TBI) has been proposed as a systemic adjuvant. To aid in the design of a clinical TBI protocol, the authors have studied in the in vitro radiation response of two established cell lines of Ewing's sarcoma and human bone marrow CFUc. The Ewing's lines showed a larger D_0 and anti-n compared to the bone marrow CFU. No repair of potentially lethal radiation damage (PLDR) was found after 4.5 Gy in plateau phase Ewing's sarcoma cells. A theoretical split dose survival curve for both the Ewing's sarcoma lines and human bone marrow CFUc using this TBI schedule shows a significantly lower surviving fraction (10"-"4-10"-"5) for the bone marrow CFUc. Based on these in vitro results, two ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A report on the long-term follow up of the first cooperative Scandinavian Sarcoma Group study in Ewing's sarcoma of bone is presented. Fifty-two previously untreated patients entered the study between 1984 and 1990. Half of the tumors were located in the extremities and one quarter in the pelvis. The combined modality treatment consisted of 5 cycles of chemotherapy - including vincristine, methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, bleomycin and dactinomycin. The first two cycles were followed by local resection or amputation in 35 patients and by radiotherapy alone in 17 patients. When surgery was not performed, was incomplete or yielded poor margins radiotherapy was given at a dose of 40-60 Gy. Local tumor relapses developed in 10 patients and in all but one patient were accompanied by metastatic disease. Five patients had metastasis at diagnosis and distant metastases developed after primary treatment in 27 patients after a median of 14 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Background and purpose: We evaluate the feasibility of concomitant and adjuvant docetaxel combined with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and androgen deprivation in high-risk prostate carcinomas. Methods: Fifty men with high-risk localized prostate cancer (16), locally advanced (28) or very high-risk prostate cancer (6) were included. Seventy Gy were delivered on prostate and seminal vesicles in 35 fractions, concurrently with weekly docetaxel (20 mg/m"2). Three weeks after the completion of 3D-CRT, docetaxel was given for 3 cycles (60 mg/m"2), every 3 weeks. Patients had to receive LHRH agonist during 3 years. Results: The intent to treat analysis shows that four patients out of 15 stopped prematurely the chemotherapy due to grade 3-4 acute toxicity. In the per protocol analysis, 46 patients completed a full-dose chemoradiation regimen representing 413 cycles: five patients experienced a grade 3 toxicity, and 15 patients ...

Science.gov (United States)

A large proportion of patients may develop chronic pain following cancer treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. These patients can experience significant levels of physical and psychological morbidity. Our aim was to investigate a cognitive-behavioral pain management program (PMP) for cancer patients with chronic treatment-related pain. Thirteen patients (1 man, 12 women; mean age 52 yrs) completed the study, 9 of whom had a history of breast cancer and had received extensive medical treatment, including surgery. A combination of physical and psychological techniques were adapted from previous work in chronic benign pain and implemented by two therapists. Interventions included education, relaxation, exercise training, and goal setting. A variety of outcomes were examined to assess general fitness, psychological distress, coping success, activities of daily living, and pain report. The median number of interventions by each ...

CERN Document Server

Using Zgamma candidate events collected by the CDF detector at the Tevatron Collider, we search for potential anomalous (non-standard-model) couplings between the Z boson and the photon. At the hard scatter energies typical of the Tevatron, standard model Zgamma couplings are too weak to be detected by current experiments; hence any evidence of couplings indicates new physics. Measurements are performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 /fb in the Z -> nunubar decay channel and 5.1 /fb in the Z -> l^+l^- (l=mu, e) decay channels. The combination of these measurements provides the most stringent limits to date on Zgamma trilinear gauge couplings. Using an energy scale of Lambda = 1.5 TeV to allow for a direct comparison with previous measurements, we find limits on the CP-conserving parameters that describe Zgamma couplings to be |h_3^{\\gamma,Z}| < 0.017 and |h_4^{\\gamma,Z}| < 0.0006. These results are consistent with standard ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The new compounds In_3_._7Mo_1_5S_1_9, In_1_._6Rb_2Mo_1_5S_1_9, In_2_._2CsMo_1_5S_1_9, and ScTl_2Mo_1_5S_1_9 have been synthesized by solid-state reaction in sealed molybdenum crucible at about 1250 deg. C. Their crystal structures were solved and refined from X-ray single-crystal data in the hexagonal space group P63/m. Their Mo-S framework consists of an equal mixture of Mo_6S_8S_6 and Mo_9S_1_1S_6 cluster units interconnected through Mo-S bonds. In In_3_._7Mo_1_5S_1_9, the In atoms occupy crystallographically different positions depending on their formal oxidation states of +1 or +3. This was confirmed by replacing partially or totally the monovalent indium by another monovalent cation such as the rubidium, cesium or thallium and the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, a neglected tropical infection that affects millions of people in the Americas. Current chemotherapy...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundRifampin is a key drug in antituberculosis chemotherapy because it rapidly kills the majority of bacilli in tuberculosis lesions, prevents relapse and thus enables 6-month...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A substantial proportion of lymph node-negative patients who receive adjuvant chemotherapy do not derive any benefit from this aggressive and potentially toxic treatment. However, standard histopathological...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In 1981, the German Society of Pediatric Oncology initiated a multi-institutional study for the treatment of Ewing's sarcoma. The protocol (Cooperative Ewing's Sarcoma Study, CESS 81) consisted of four courses of a four-drug-regimen (VACA), each course taking nine weeks. Local therapy (radical surgery or resection plus irradiation or radiotherapy alone) was performed after the second course. The results of CESS 81 can be summarized as follows: VACA-chemotherapy is effective in controlling systemic disease. Initial tumor mass and response to initial chemotherapy are of major prognostic value for local control and survival. Permanent local control is a problem, especially in irradiated patients. The high local failure rate in irradiated patients in CESS 81 could be attributable to the following reasons: Late start of local therapy (after 18 weeks of chemotherapy), uneven distribution of prognostic parameters: Large tumors ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Standard chemotherapy has been shown to improve quality of life and has a modest influence on overall survival. This modest improvement in...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Carcinoma in situ in the contralateral testis was diagnosed in 27 of 500 patients (5.4%) with unilateral testicular germ cell cancer. Eight of the 27 patients received intensive chemotherapy for spread...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundCancer stem cells (CSCs) have increased resistance to cancer chemotherapy. They can be enriched as drug-surviving CSCs (D-CSCs) by growth with chemotherapeutic drugs, and/or...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to evaluate a computer-imaging program called HAAIR (Help with Adjustment to Alopecia by Image Recovery) that was developed to provide...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

PurposeTaxanes have effects on angiogenesis causing difficulties in separating biologic effects of chemotherapy from those due to angiogenesis inhibitors. This randomized...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Total 125 patients with primary and metastatic Ewing's sarcoma were treated in various ways between 1963 to 1977. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the treatment methods. Group 1 was nonprotocol patients with or without chemotherapy. Total 58 patients were entered. Group 1 was divided into 2 subgroups. 33 patients were treated locally without chemotherapy and 25 patients were treated with local therapy and nonprotocol chemotherapy. Group 2 was treated with local therapy and plus T-2 regimen multiagent chemotherapy. 29 patients were entered. Group 3 was treated with local therapy and T-6 regimen multiagent chemotherapy. 38 patients were entered. Local treatments for primary tumor were surgery and/or radiation therapy. Radiation dose ranged between 2,000 and 8,000 rad. Patients with pulmonary metastases received bilateral pulmonary RT. Local recurrence rate was analyzed ...

Science.gov (United States)

Bombyx mandarina nucleopolyhedrovirus (BomaNPV) is a variant of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV). BomaNPV S1 strain has been reported to be significantly less virulent than the BmNPV T3 strain via the oral infection route in B. mori larvae, but other features of S1 including budded virus (BV) infectivity and virus propagation in cultured cells are still unknown. In this study, we compared BV infectivity of S1 and T3 in B. mori larvae and cultured cells. Larval bioassays by intrahemocoelic BV injection revealed that the median lethal dose of S1's BV was approximately three times lower than that of T3. In addition, S1 produced more BVs and occlusion bodies (OBs) in the hemolymph of B. mori larvae compared with T3. Furthermore, we observed that the locomotion was enhanced ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Objectives: Intra-operative cisplatin-based intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (IPC) may alter renal function in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The aim of this study was to describe postoperative alteration of renal function after cisplatin-based IPC and to identify risk factors for moderate to severe acute renal failure. Study design: This prospective observational study was carried out on 77 consecutive patients who underwent cisplatin-based IPC procedures, with (n=23) or without (n=54) intra-peritoneal epinephrine, for advanced ovarian cancer. Postoperative renal function was assessed using serial serum creatinine measurements and was based on serum creatinine changes from pre-operative values, according to the risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) classificat...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

After explaining the main causes for the limited power output of turbine generators with 50 s"-"1, the limits for superheated-steam turbines and for saturated-steam turbines are given. A comparison of the economy in the limiting output range (1,200 MW) shows that half load plants as well as two-shaft turbine generators do not bring any advantages as compared with a single-shaft turbine generator. For the selection of speed of the single-shaft turbine generator the planned way of application is decisive. For base load plants already a speed of 25 s"-"1 is economic in this power range. Concluding, some design features and problems of development for such large turbines with 25 s"-"1 for conventional steam conditions are discussed. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Many hormones elicit effects on target cells by stimulating the enzyme phospholipase-C, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides to the intracellular second messengers diacylglycerol and inositol phosphates. The present study examined the roles of FSH and guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) in regulating the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides in Sertoli cells. Sertoli cell cultures prepared from 16- to 18-day-old rats were incubated for 24 h with myo-[2-3H] inositol to label endogenous phospholipids. Treatment of cells from 0.5-20 min with preparations of ovine FSH ranging in potency from 1-60 times that of NIH FSH S1 did not affect accumulation of inositol phosphates. Levels of total [3H]inositol phosphates [[3H]inositol mono-, di-, and triphosphates (IP, IP2, and IP3)] in FSH-treated cultures was 75-120% the levels in control cultures over the various time intervals studied. Addition of testosterone and the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveCOMBINE is the largest study of pharmacotherapy for alcoholism in the United States to date, designed to answer questions about the benefits of combining...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) has been the predominant local treatment for Ewing's sarcoma of bone at the University of Florida. Twice-daily hyperfractionated RT was initiated in 1982 to improve local control and functional outcome. This retrospective review compares the results of once-daily vs. twice-daily RT in patients with primary Ewing's sarcoma of an extremity, with emphasis on functional outcome. Methods and Materials: Between June 1971 and January 1990, 37 patients were treated at the University of Florida for nonmetastatic Ewing's sarcoma of bone with a primary lesion in an extremity. Three patients underwent amputation. Of 34 patients treated with RT, 31 had RT alone and 3 had a combination of RT and local excision. Before 1982, 14 patients received once-daily RT; since 1982, 17 patients have received twice-daily RT. Doses of once-daily RT varied from 47 to 61 Gy at 1.8-2 Gy per fraction. Doses of twice-daily RT varied, depending on the response of the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

IntroductionThe phenotypic and functional differences between cells that initiate human breast tumors (cancer stem cells) and those that comprise the tumor bulk are difficult to...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose/Objective: The role of programmed cell death (apoptosis) as a cellular response to cancer therapy such as radiation or chemotherapy is the subject of much study, and manipulation of the apoptotic response in tumor cells may be valuable in the treatment of a variety of cancers. Both p53 dependent and independent apoptotic pathways have been identified; p53 is mutated in at least 50 % of human cancers and a majority of radiation resistant tumors contain p53 mutations. This study is designed to examine the induction of programmed cell death in a human colon carcinoma cell line that possesses two mutated p53 alleles. Ionizing radiation alone, or in combination with the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), were used to elicit the apoptotic response. This study will focus on whether these treatments can induce a significant apoptotic response in cells that have mutated p53 alleles. Materials and Methods: HT-29 cells were assessed for ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The present study was undertaken in 27 children with localized Ewing's sarcoma treated at our hospital. In 9 cases the lesion was central and in 18 peripheral. Treatment consisted of: 1) Chemotherapy with 6 drugs (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, bleomycin, dactinomycin and doxorubicin) for one year in all patients; 2) Radiotherapy in 24 patients at a dose of 30-40 Gy in the entire bone with a booster dose of 10-15 Gy in the lesion. In 7 patients debulking surgery was performed followed by irradiation. Two cases with tumor in expendable bones and one with extensive destructive lesion in the tibia underwent radical surgery. One patient suffered local recurrence (femur) and 6 developed distant metastases. The remaining 20 (74%) patients were alive and tumor-free after follow-up periods of 17-80 months. Among the 12 patients with extremity lesions who were alive, 7 (58%) had minimal or mild treatment sequelae, 2 moderate, and 3 severe sequelae but no ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical results of our adaptive radiation therapy scheme of a two-step intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) method for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) at Kinki University Hospital. Methods Between 2000 and 2007, 35 patients with Stage I-IVB NPC treated by IMRT were included. For all patients, treatment-planning computed tomography was done twice before and during IMRT to a total dose of 60-70 Gy/28-35 fractions (median 68 Gy). Chemotherapy (cisplatin 80 mg/m2/3 weeks x 1-3 courses) was given concurrently with IMRT for 31 patients. Results The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates for the 31 patients treated with concurrent chemotherapy were 88% and 83%, respectively. The 3- and 5-year loco-regional control rates for the 31 patients were 93%...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present the case of a 12-year-old girl who presented with a pathological fracture through a benign-appearing osteolytic lesion that was presumed to represent fibrous dysplasia. The fracture healed, and over the next 2.5 years there was further refracturing and healing with progressive osteolysis. A biopsy was performed and revealed Ewing's sarcoma. The disease was locally controlled by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The patient is disease free with excellent function 6 years following the discovery of the lesion. We illustrate and discuss the sequence of events. (orig.)

Science.gov (United States)

The emergence of bacterial antibiotic resistance is a growing problem, yet the variables that influence the rate of emergence of resistance are not well understood. In a microfluidic device designed to mimic naturally occurring bacterial niches, resistance of Escherichia coli to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin developed within 10 hours. Resistance emerged with as few as 100 bacteria in the initial inoculation. Whole-genome sequencing of the resistant organisms revealed that four functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms attained fixation. Knowledge about the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance in the heterogeneous conditions within the mammalian body may be helpful in understanding the emergence of drug resistance during cancer chemotherapy. PMID:21940899

CERN Document Server

This note is about three interesting 15th and 16th century sightings of comets in Kashmiri chronicles. We provide reasons for their identification as the 1468 S1, 1531 (Halley's), and 1533 M1 comets.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We calculate the masses of the resonances D{sub s0}{sup *}(2317) and D{sub s1}(2460) as well as their bottom partners as bound states of a kaon and a D{sup (*)} - and B{sup (*)} -meson, respectively, in unitarized chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order. After fixing the parameters in the D{sub s0}{sup *}(2317) channel, the calculated mass for the D{sub s1}(2460) is found in excellent agreement with experiment. The masses for the analogous states with a bottom quark are predicted to be M{sub B{sup *}{sub s0}}=(5696{+-}40) MeV and M{sub B{sub s1}}=(5742{+-}40) MeV in reasonable agreement with previous analyses. In particular, we predict M{sub B{sub s1}}-M{sub B{sub s0}}{sup *}=46{+-}1 MeV. We also explore the dependence of the states on the pion and kaon masses. We argue that the kaon mass dependence of a ...

CERN Document Server

Monte Carlo calculations using the codes PENELOPE and GEANT4 have been performed to characterize the dosimetric parameters of the new 20 mm long catheter based $^{32}$P beta source manufactured by Guidant Corporation. The dose distribution along the transverse axis and the two dimensional dose rate table have been calculated. Also, the dose rate at the reference point, the radial dose function and the anisotropy function were evaluated according to the adapted TG-60 formalism for cylindrical sources. PENELOPE and GEANT4 codes were first verified against previous results corresponding to the old 27 mm Guidant $^{32}$P beta source. The dose rate at the reference point for the unsheathed 27 mm source in water was calculated to be $0.215 \\pm 0.001$ cGy s$^{-1}$ mCi$^{-1}$, for PENELOPE, and $0.2312 \\pm 0.0008$ cGy s$^{-1}$ mCi$^{-1}$, for GEANT4. For the unsheathed 20 mm source these values were $0.2908 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

From 1981 up to February 1985, a total of 93 protocol patients entered the study CESS 81. The protocol recommended an initial 18-week period of polychemotherapy (VACA) followed by local therapy and two additional cycles of chemotherapy. Local therapy consisted either of radical surgery or of incomplete resection plus postoperative irradiation with 36 Gy or of radiotherapy alone (46 and 60 Gy). Centrally located lesions were always irradiated with 60 Gy. This article summarizes the data after 5 years. Data of 93 patients were analysed in October 1986 after a median follow-up of 37 months. The projected 5-year survival is 50%. The relapse rate was 42%, distant relapses occurred in 19%, local (plus distant) relapses in 23%. Most of the relapses occurred during the first 3 years of observation. Failure rate was high in patients undergoing irradiation alone (44%). Initial tumour mass (> 100 ml) and histopathologic response to initial chemotherapy ...

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Purpose To investigate the sensitivity and accuracy of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for restaging the mediastinum after induction chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients and Methods One hundred twenty-four consecutive patients with tissue-proven stage IIIA-N2 disease who were treated with induction chemotherapy and who had undergone mediastinal restaging by EBUS-TBNA were reviewed. On the basis of computed tomography, 58 patients were classified as having stable disease and 66 were judged to have had a partial response. All patients subsequently underwent thoracotomy with attempted curative resection and a lymph node dissection regardless of EBUS-TBNA findings. Results Persistent nodal metastases were detected by using EBUS-TBNA in 89 patients (72%). Of the 35 patients in whom no metastases were assessed by EBUS-TBNA, 28 were found to have residual stage IIIA-N2 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract available.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To evaluate the role of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) in staging and determining early treatment response to chemotherapy in children with neuroblastoma (NB) and its correlation with the final outcome. Patients and Methods: Seventeen patients of NB with mean age of 51.5 months (age range 2-132 months; 14 males, 3 females) underwent serial "1"8F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT imaging. All 17 patients were for staging before any treatment. Twelve of 17 patients underwent "1"3"1I meta-iodobezylguanidine (MIBG) scan and bone scan. MIBG uptake was seen in the primary lesion in 11/12 patients. MIBG uptake in bones was seen in 3/12 patients. All bone lesions were concordant on MIBG and bone scan. Early response to chemotherapy was evaluated after two cycles using PET-CT. A 30% reduction in longest diameter was taken as cut-off value for response on CT based on the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors criteria. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Encapsulation of technetium-99m sestamibi ({sup 99m}Tc-MIBI) in polyethyleneglycol-liposomes ({sup 99m}Tc-MIBI-PEG-liposomes) could extend the duration of its circulation in blood and alter its biodistribution, enabling its concentration in tumours to be increased. An original method to encapsulate {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI in PEG-liposomes is described. The {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI-PEG-liposomes were compared with free {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI with respect to (a) tumour availability (b) ability to distinguish between chemotherapy-sensitive and -resistant cells and (c) uptake ratio in tumour imaging. PEG-liposomal systems composed of distearoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/PEG{sub 2000}-distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine and lissamine-rhodamine B-labelled liposomes were used. The encapsulation of {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI in liposomes was achieved using the K{sup +} diffusion potential method. We compared the uptake of free versus encapsulated {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI by sensitive and resistant ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A series of experimental measurements of the yield of O_3 in nuclear-induced O_2 and O_2-SF_6 discharges are reported. The discharges were created by bombardment with energetic particles from the "1"0B(n,#alpha#)"7Li reaction. Continuous irradiation at dose rates of 10"1"5--10"1"7 eV cm"-"3 s"-"1 and pulsed irradiation (--10 ms FWHM) at a peak dose rate of --10"2"0 eV cm"-"3 s"-"1 were conducted. At the lower dose rates, the addition of SF_6 generally increased the ozone yield due to the slowing of ozone destruction by negative oxygen and ozone ions. In contrast, at the high dose rates, the ozone concentration decreased due to SF_6 suppression of atomic oxygen formation by ion--ion recombination. A numerical model was developed and tested against experimental conditions. This model indicates that the steady-state ozone concentration was limited by the reaction O"-_3+O_3#->#2O_2+O"-_2 with a rate ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Twenty-four long-term survivors of Ewing's sarcoma were identified as being at risk for a second primary tumor. Among this group of patients followed from 3 to 22 y, 4 new bone tumors were observed, whereas 1.2 x 10"-"3 were expected. All new tumors arose in heavily irradiated areas. The risk associated with radiation after 3 years was 7.2 cases/million person-years per rad. The cumulative cancer risk over 10 years for irradiated patients was 35% (SE, 15.1%). Intensive chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide and vincristine administered in five or more courses) seemed to exert an enhancing effect, increasing the rate of development of new tumors.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Ex vivo expanded peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) have been shown to provide rapid neutrophil engraftment, and in some patients, to eliminate neutropenia after transplantation to support high-dose chemotherapy. However, the effect of expansion culture on stem cell content and potential loss of stem cells caused by induction of differentiation remains a concern. We have transplanted 21 patients with breast cancer with expanded autologous PBPC, with 11 patients receiving expanded PBPC as their sole hematopoietic cell source. In these studies, the CD34+ cells were selected and cultured for 10 days in defined media containing 100 ng/mL each of recombinant human stem cell factor (rhSCF), recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), and recombinant human megakaryocy...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose. We report a case of Ewing's sarcoma in the right distal femur in a 6-year-old male to demonstrate how dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DEMRI) findings predicted histopathology. Materials and methods. DEMRI was performed at presentation and during and after completion of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Histopathologic studies were done at presentation, at 77 weeks (20 weeks after a pathological fracture), and from the en bloc resection at 104 weeks. Results. DEMRI predicted the early tumor response, absence of tumor recurrence, presence of necrosis and lack of fracture healing, confirmed by histopathology. Conclusion. DEMRI is a clinically useful tool in managing Ewing's sarcoma. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This study is for chemoradiotherapy of unresectable and recurrent cholangiocarcinoma (CCC). Between April 2005 and March 2007, 5 patients were evaluated for unresectable and recurrent CCC. All patients were performed percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and treated with chemoradiotherapy. The radiation method was an external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and remote after loading system (RALS). The chemotherapy was 5-fluorouracil (FU) and gemcitabine by intravenous injection. Three patients had unresectable and 2 had recurrent CCC. As for the side effects, 4 patients had a slight neutropenia and 1 had an uncontrollable gastric bleeding. No patient had cholangitis. The mean survival time for unresectable and recurrent CCC was 13.7 months and 17 months, respectively. Our results indicated that chemoradiotherapy had been consistent with efficacy in patients with unresectable and recurrent CCC. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fifty-nine patients underwent free flap osteocutaneous reconstruction that consisted of flaps of the dorsum of the foot in 26 patients and iliac crest flaps in 33 with a success rate of 92 percent and a mortality rate of 1.6 percent. These flaps, which require the expertise of microvascular surgeons, are time-consuming and complicate operating room and time management, but they represent a remarkable advance in reconstruction that can facilitate cosmetic and functional recovery of the patient. In particular, they promote healing in radiation-recurrent oral cancer and represent a definitive form of management for established radionecrosis of the mandible. The large volume of tissue available with iliac crest osteocutaneous grafts permits the management of patients with extensive cancer involving the skin, mucosa, and bone, but cancer control may still be disappointing and there is a need for improved adjuvant chemotherapy protocols. This technique appears to be a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Air Force`s Armstrong Laboratory at Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida, has supported the research and development of Radio Frequency Soil Decontamination. Radio frequency soil decontamination is essentially a heat-assisted soil vapor extraction process. Site S-1 at Kelly Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas, was selected for the demonstration of two patented techniques. The site is a former sump that collected spills and surface run-off from a waste petroleum, oils, and lubricants and solvent storage and transfer area. In 1993, a technique developed by the IIT Research Institute using an array of electrodes placed in the soil was demonstrated. In 1994, a technique developed by KAI Technologies, Inc. using a single applicator placed in a vertical borehole was demonstrated. Approximately 120 tons of soil were heated during each demonstration to a temperature of about 150 degrees Celsius.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Results of investigation on the effect of microstructure and deformation conditions (temperature and strain rate) on flow stress and critical strain in two phase #alpha# + #beta# titanium alloy Ti-6Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe is presented in the paper. The alloy is deformed or torsional plastometer at temperature range 1073-1173 K and at the strain rate #epsilon# = 0.04-4.0 s"-"1. Sequential deformation at 1173 K at the strain rate of 0.4 s"-"1 was also performed with holding times in the range 1-100 s. The fraction of dynamically and metadynamically recrystallized #beta# phase was determined on the basis of results of sequential deformation test. Microstructure was examined using LM and TEM techniques. (author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer activity and mechanism of action of Noscapine alone and in combination with Doxorubicin against triple negative...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of patients with Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) treated with modern radiotherapy techniques with MRI along with optimal chemotherapy. Methods and Materials: The records of all 60 patients with ESFT who received radiation to the primary site between 1990 and 2004 were reviewed. All patients received chemotherapy, including vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and etoposide. Radiation was used as the sole modality for local control in 31 patients and was given either before (n = 3) or after surgical resection (n = 26) in the remainder. All patients had MRI and CT scan-based treatment planning, and 43% received intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Radiation doses ranged from 30 Gy to 60 Gy (median, 51 Gy), and 35% received hyperfractionated radiotherapy. Results: Median age was 16 years (range, 2-40 years). Because of selection bias for radiotherapy, the majority of primary tumors ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ewing's sarcoma is a small round-cell tumor typically arising in the bones, rarely in soft tissues, of children and adolescents. Ewing's sarcoma has retained the most unfavorable prognosis of all primary musculoskeletal tumors. Prior to the use of multi-drug chemotherapy, long-term survival was less than 10%. The development of multi-disciplinary therapy with chemotherapy, irradiation, and surgery has increased current long-term survival rates in most clinical centers to greater than 50%. In addition, the preferred method of tumor resection has changed; limb salvage has nearly replaced amputation of the affected limb. Limb salvage procedures can be performed in place of amputation without compromising patient survival rates. Recent studies have revealed that the pathognomonic translocations involving the EWS gene on chromosome 22 and an ETS-type gene, which is most commonly the Fli1 gene on chromosome 11, are implicated in more than 95% of ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Hepatitis B subviral particles, purified from plasma of asymptomatic carriers seropositive for hepatitis B e antigen, were treated with various conditions reported for the processing of vaccines. Thereafter,...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cylindrical test pieces of concrete are used for measurements of "2"2"2Rn exhalation rates. Except one flat end surface of a test piece, other parts of its exteriority are covered with sealant. Radon atoms can escape only through its end surface from the interior into the outside air. This treatment makes the radon transport in the concrete one dimensional phenomena. The piece is put in an airtight container. Time variations of radon concentrations in the air of the container are measured with a plane multiwire-electrode ionization chamber. From this result, the radon areal exhalation rate is deduced for the piece. Exhalation rates are measured for four pieces with different length. Then, the diffusion coefficient is obtained for radon in the concrete as (5.0 #+-# 1.0) x 10"-"8m"2s"-"1 (a one-block method). A two-block method has been invented to obtain simultaneously values of three parameters: diffusion coefficient, porosity of concrete, and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We have performed precision measurements in a magneto-optical trap of the 7P1/2 hyperfine structure of the isotopes 209-210Fr. The ratio of these hyperfine constants to the previously measured 7S1/2 ground state values reveals a significant hyperfine anomaly. This anomaly results from the different radial dependence of the electron density in the two atomic levels. The measurements are sensitive to changes in the radial distribution of the neutron magnetism.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this work dissipativity of linear neutral distributed parameter systems has been addressed. Delay-dependent sufficient conditions for the dissipativity with respect to the infinite-dimensional version of energy supply rate (Q"1,S"1,R"1) characterized exclusively by unbounded operator Q"1 are established in terms of linear operator inequalities (LOIs). Finally, the 3-dimensional heat equation illustrates our result.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present a calculation of the charmonium spectrum with three flavors of dynamical staggered quarks from gauge configurations that were generated by the MILC collaboration. We use the Fermilab action for the valence charm quarks. Our calculation of the spin-averaged 1P-1S and 2S-1S splittings yields a determination of the strong coupling, with {alpha}{sub {ovr MS}}(M{sub Z}) = 0.119(4).

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:10860471

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... COMBINATION WHICH DISCUSSES AND ILLUSTRATES THE CONSTRUCTION OF AN EXPLODING BRIDGEWIRE ELECTRO-EXPLOSIVE ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The design characteristic of the autocontrol technique of the combined centrifuge is introduced. Digital technique, vary structure control and interface technique, graphical display techniques, digital communication technique as well as electronic technique are applied in the course of research. Automation in the operation of large scale combined centrifuges and the course of combined test has been realized and it can coordinate with other systems of status monitoring, data collecting and centrifugal force-aerodynamic force matched load automatically

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: To determine if involved field radiation (IF) is equivalent to standard whole bone radiation (SF) in local tumor control; to establish patterns of failure following treatment; and to determine response, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival rates from multidisciplinary therapy in Ewing's sarcoma. Methods and Materials: Between 1983 and 1988, 184 children with Ewing's sarcoma were enrolled onto Pediatric Oncology Group 8346 (POG 8346). A total of 178 (97%) met eligibility criteria; 6 had pathology other than Ewing's sarcoma. Induction chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin (adriamycin )(C/A) x 12 weeks was followed by local treatment either surgery or radiation therapy and C/A, dactinomycin, and vincristine for 50 weeks. Resection was advised for patients with small primary tumors if accomplished without functional loss. Forty patients were randomized to receive SF, whole bone radiation to 39.6 Gy plus a 16.2 Gy boost (total 55.8 Gy) or IF ...

Science.gov (United States)

A 72-year-old man was exposed to the sarin gas attack in a Tokyo subway on March 20 th, 1995. After exposure, he noticed eye discomfort, chest tightness, headache and weakness of the lower limbs and oropharyngeal muscles. Despite these symptoms, he visited a hot spring on the same day with his family. On March 25 th, his muscle weakness progressed, and a low grade fever appeared. His muscle weakness disappeared 8 days after exposure to sarin, but respiratory failure rapidly developed, necessitating artificial ventilation within four day after hospitalization on March 28th. Chemotherapy with erythromycin, imipenem/cilastatin, and steroid pulse therapy was begu. PCR and culture of sputum collected by bronchofiberscopy were positive for Legionella pneumophila, serogroup I. His respiratory state improved, but subsequent infection with Pseudomonous aeruginosa. Enterobacter cloacae, and Candida tropicalis/glabrata caused his death 71 days after admission. Oropharyngeal ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Anticancer drug thyotepa (10 mg/ kg) hormonal compound thyroxine (40 mg / kg) and D3 vitamin (30,000 IU / kg) have been administrated simply or associated to Wistar rats bearing Walker carcinosarcoma. The chromatin (the complex of DNA and proteins from nuclei) has been extracted from Walker tumor and submitted to fast neutron beams produced by deuterons (13 MeV) on thick Be target at an IPNE U-120 Cyclotron, in doses of 5-100 Gy. Thermal transition of chromatin fluorescence intensity of chromatin-ethidium bromide complexes and intrinsic fluorescence of chromatin have been analysed. Association of thiotepa with thyroxine and D3 vitamin produced a diminution of chromatin lesions induced by the cytostatic. Thus in the effects of fast neutrons radiolysis in chromatin significant differences occurred. These results could help to improve the methodology of associated chemotherapy-radiotherapy in clinical applications. (author).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose To analyze the clinical profile, management and outcome of non-hematological tumors in head and neck region in children less than 18?years of age. Patients and methods Medical records of patients (0?18?years) presenting with non-hematological tumors of head and neck region from 2000 to 2010 were reviewed. Result Out of the 78 patients identified, 50 were males with median age of 14?years (3?months to 18?years). Histologically, 58 out of the 78 patients had malignant tumors and 20 were metastatic at presentation. Common site of tumor origin was noted as thyroid (23/78), salivary glands (21/78) and nasopharynx (13/78). Out of 78 patients, 44 patients were treated by surgery, 26 patients received radiation and 13 patients received chemotherapy, while 9 patients received radio-iodine (...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Between 1984 and 1988, seven women with breast cancer were treated with intraoperative electron beam therapy (IOEBT). All patients were Caucasian. Patient age ranged from 37 to 62 (median 53) years. Histopathology was infiltrating duct carcinoma (6/7) or medullary carcinoma (1/7). Four tumors were staged T1 N0 MO, one T1 N1 MO, one T2 N1 MO, and one lesion was recurrent. At the time of primary lumpectomy or axillary node dissection, a dose of 10 or 15 Gy IOEBT was administered to the tumor bed with 6 or 9 MeV electrons through the lumpectomy wound. All patients received 45 or 50 Gy over five to six weeks with 6 MV photons to the breast and, in four patients, to the regional nodes. Three patients received adjuvant chemotherapy and tamoxifen. No post-operative complications were observed. All patients are alive as of August, 1989, with no evidence of recurrent disease. Excellent cosmesis is the rule. Clinical and technical aspects of treatment are presented along ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Two cases of primary Ewing's sarcoma of the rib are reported, in which radiation therapy was quite effective. Case 1 was an 18-year-old female who had had an operation and radiation therapy for Ewing's sarcoma of the left 7th rib. She was referred to our hospital after a recurrent tumor was found. Radiation therapy (tumor dose 46.2 Gy) and chemotherapy were given. The tumor disappeared and there has been no relapse for 1 year and 3 months after the treatment. Case 2 was a 2-year-old-infant. Radiation therapy (tumor dose 74 Gy) was given for primary Ewing's sarcoma of the left 6th rib. The tumor became small and was successfully removed at operation. There has been no relapse or distant metastasis for 8 months following the operation. We emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary treatment in case 1 and the usefulness of preoperative radiotherapy in case 2. (author).

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Purpose Cisplatin plus gemcitabine is a standard regimen for first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Phase II studies of pemetrexed plus platinum compounds have also shown activity in this setting. Patients and Methods This noninferiority, phase III, randomized study compared the overall survival between treatment arms using a fixed margin method (hazard ratio [HR] < 1.176) in 1,725 chemotherapy-naive patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1. Patients received cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) on day 1 and gemcitabine 1,250 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 (n = 863) or cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) and pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2) on day 1 (n = 862) every 3 weeks for up to six cycles. Results Overall survival for cisplatin/pemetrexed was noninferior to cisplatin/ gemcitabine (median survival, 10.3 v 10.3 months, respectively; HR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.05). Overall survival was statistically superior ...

CERN Document Server

Aims: I have analyzed a sample of seven nearby edge-on galaxies observed in the V and K'-band, in order to infer the properties of the dust distribution. Methods: A radiative transfer model, including scattering, have been used to decompose each image into a stellar disk, a bulge, and a dust disk. The parameters describing the distributions have been obtained through standard X^2 minimization techniques. Results: The dust disks fitted to the V-band images are consistent with previous work in literature: the radial scalelength of dust is larger than that for stars (h_d/h_s ~ 1.5); the dust disk has a smaller vertical scalelength than the stellar (z_d/z_s ~ 1/3); the dust disk is almost transparent when seen face-on (central, face-on, optical depth tau_0 =0.5-1.5). Faster radiative transfer models which neglect scattering can produce equivalent fits, with changes in the derived parameters within the ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Here in the present paper, we report on growth of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric nanostructured heterojunction solar cell of CdS/CuInSXSe2-X varying X from 0 to 2 in the interval of 0.5 using cost effective, simple, chemical ion exchange method at room temperature on ITO glass substrate. The as-grown varying composition solar cells annealed at 200degreeC in air and characterized for structural, compositional, optical and illumination studies. The X-ray diffraction pattern obtained from CdS/CuInSXSe2-X solar cell confirms the formation of CuInSe2, CuInS0.5Se1.5, CuInS1Se1, CuInS1.5Se0.5 and CuInS2 phases having tetragonal structure with varying crystallite size from 19, 19.37, 28, 33 and 20nm respectively. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) confirms the expected elemental com...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Using the constrained-curve fitting method and overlap fermions with the lowest pion mass at 180 MeV, we observe that the masses of the first positive and negative parity excited states of the nucleon tend to cross over as the quark masses are taken to the chiral limit. Both results at the physical pion mass agree with the experimental values of the Roper resonance (N"1"/"2"+(1440)) and S_1_1 (N"1"/"2"-(1535)). This is seen for the first time in a lattice QCD calculation. These results are obtained on a quenched Iwasaki 16"3x28 lattice with a=0.2 fm. We also extract the ghost #eta#"'N states (a quenched artifact) which are shown to decouple from the nucleon interpolation field above m_#pi##approx#300 MeV. From the quark mass dependence of these states in the chiral region, we conclude that spontaneously broken chiral symmetry dictates the dynamics of light quarks in the nucleon.

CERN Document Server

We report $^{7}$Li pulsed NMR measurements in polycrystalline and single crystal samples of the quasi one-dimensional S=1 antiferromagnet LiVGe$_2$O$_6$, whose AF transition temperature is $T_{\\text{N}}\\simeq 24.5$ K. The field ($B_0$) and temperature ($T$) ranges covered were 9-44.5 T and 1.7-300 K respectively. The measurements included NMR spectra, the spin-lattice relaxation rate ($T_1^{-1}$), and the spin-phase relaxation rate ($T_2^{-1}$), often as a function of the orientation of the field relative to the crystal axes. The spectra indicate an AF magnetic structure consistent with that obtained from neutron diffraction measurements, but with the moments aligned parallel to the c-axis. The spectra also provide the $T$-dependence of the AF order parameter and show that the transition is either second order or weakly first order. Both the spectra and the $T_1^{-1}$ data show that $B_0$ has at most a small effect on the alignment of the AF ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Measurements have been made of radon ("2"2"2Rn), release from diverse quaternary samples collected from different sediment deposits in the Errachidia and Beni-Mellal areas (Morocco). The radon diffusion coefficient as one of some important parameters of radon transport in the soil has been measured using solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTD). Radon #alpha#-activity, uranium content and radon exhalation rate have been determined in the studied samples. Uranium concentrations were found to vary from 0.14 to 9.52 ppm whereas the radon exhalation rate varied from 0.003 to 0.145 Bq x m"-"2 x h"-"1. A positive correlation has been found between radon exhalation rate and uranium content in the studied samples. The average radon diffusion coefficients were found to vary from (1.26 #+-# 0.09) x 10"-"6 m"2 x s"-"1 to (4.3 #+-# 0.36) x 10"-"6 m"2 x s"-"1. Furthermore, the correlation between "2"2"2Rn ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The decay channels of the Ar 2s"-"1 and 2p"-"1 and Kr 3p"-"1 and 3d"-"1 electronic hole states have been investigated by means of photoelectron-photoion coincidence measurements following innershell ionization using synchrotron radiation. With the method of final ion-charge resolving electron spectroscopy it has become possible to disentangle different contributions to the electron spectrum and to determine the decay probabilities P(nl"-"1#->#n+) of the above-mentioned hole states (nl"-"1) to the final ionic charge states n+. A high correlation with threefold or even fourfold charged ions has been found in all cases. Possible decay routes, via cascade or direct double Auger processes, are discussed on the basis of energy-level schemes calculated with the Hartree-Fock method. Special emphasis is laid on the examination of the Kr 3p"-"1 decay process, where the two fine-structure components (j=1/2,3/2) exhibit noticeably different decay ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Atomic oxygen is measured in a pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) using two-photon absorption laser-induced fluorescence (TALIF). The ground-level atomic oxygen is excited to the 3p "3P state by two-photon absorption at 226 nm. Negative (-40 kV) or positive (+30 kV) pulsed DBD occurs in an O_2-N_2 mixture at atmospheric pressure. The pulse width of the DBD current is approximately 50 ns. The TALIF experiment shows that the decay rate of atomic oxygen increases linearly with O_2 concentration. This result proves that atomic oxygen decays mainly by the third-body reaction, O + O_2 + M #-># O_3 + M. The rate coefficient of the third-body reaction is estimated to be 2.2 x 10"-"3"4 cm"6 s"-"1 in the negative DBD and 0.89 x 10"-"3"4 cm"6 s"-"1 in the positive DBD. It is shown that the decay rate of atomic oxygen increases linearly with humidity. This can explain the well-known fact that ozone ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

X-ray fluorescence analysis was used to determine the zinc content of the ''Perilacin'' powder and the ZnO content of the ''Epiderman-pix'' powder. The characteristic Ksub(#alpha#) line of zinc was excited using a "1"4"7Pm/Mo source (10"7 s"-"1) and the molybdenum Ksub(#alpha#) line (17.47 keV). 4 to 5% Zn and 45 to 49% ZnO were determined with a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. The radiation intensity was found to decrease with particle size. (M.K.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A search for monopoles and tachyons at ground level was carried out using an arrangement consisting of an ionization calorimeter and two hodoscope detectors. No clear evidence for these particles was obtained. The flux of monopoles with velocities beta approximately 0.01 is found to be less than 5.1 x 10 to the minus 13th power square centimeters s(-1) sr(-1) (95% cl.). The upper limit on the tachyon flux density is set as a 6 x 10 the minus 9th power particle/square centimeter event.

Wastenet

... These highly energy efficient panels of organic luminescence are far removed from the bulbs and filaments of current lighting technology. 28-04-11 Source : Star Projects Results: 1-10 of 251 Page(s) 1 of 26 Next Limit search to articles published within the last Month Quarter Year No limit Follow us on Facebook Share an article You can share any article via social networking sites or email it to friends. Click the SHARE icon, select from the list that appears, and the article ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

"2H, "4He, "1"6O, "4"0Ca, "8"0Zr, "1"4"0Yb, "2"2"4112, "3"3"6168 nuclei are invesigated in terms of flucton model. Effective numbers of nuclear fluctons and deuterons are calculated. Values of complete effective numbers of low-radius deuterons and fluctons with S=1 spin and T=0 isospin are presented. Investigation results of inclusive reactions of quasi-elastic knock-out of deuterons by fast protons are discussed. 9 refs.; 1 fig.; 1 tab.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Determination of thermal to fast neutron flux ratio (ffast) and fast neutron flux (phi-fast) is required for fast neutron reactions, fast neutron activation analysis, and for correcting interference reactions. The ffast and subsequently phi-fast were determined using the absolute method. The ffast ranged from 48 to 155, and the phi-fast was found in the range 1.03x1010-4.89x1010 n cm-2 s-1. These values indicate an acceptable conformity and applicable for installation of the fast neutron facility at the MNA research reactor.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The reactions of tetraphenylphosphonium ion (Ar_4P"+) with esub(aq)"-, H atoms and OH radicals have been investigated. The absorption spectra of three transient species were obtained. Ar_4Psup(.) radicals formed by the reaction: Ar_4P"+ + esub(aq)"- #-># Ar_4Psup(.) have a maximum absorption at 305 nm [epsilon _3_0_5 = (9400 +- 300)dm"3mol"-"1cm"-"1] and decays by second-order kinetics with the rate constant 2k = (2.7 +- 0.4) x 10"9dm"3mol"-"1s"-"1. H atoms and OH radicals form transient adducts to the phenyl groups of the Ar_4P"+ ion with the rate constants of (1.5 +- 0.3) x 10"9 dm"3mol"-"1s"-"1 and (3.0 +- 0.3) x 10"9dm"3mol"-"1s"-"1, respectively. Both adducts have broad absorption spectra at 300 approximately 380 nm (lambdasub(max) = 340 nm) with the molar extinction coefficients epsilonsub(340) = 5400 +- 300 dm"3mol"-"1cm"-"1 for the H adduct and ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

1. The antihypertensive efficacy and tolerability of a low dose combination of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril (2.5 mg) and the extended release formulation of the dihydropyridine...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The present article describes the features of the fully-fired combined cycles and the outline of the plant. Hitachi has optimized fully-fired combined cycle systems by executing a heat recovery type combined cycle. For the fully-fired combined cycles, it is possible to raise plant efficiency through the selection of adequate gas turbine types and cycles. It is possible to apply existing boiler facilities, fuel combustion systems, and stacks. It is possible to execute civil and architectural works on existing plants in-service as well as modification works during routine inspections. The NOx increment by gas turbine unit installations can be reduced by denitration plant modifications. Examples of the fully-fired combined cycles under planning are also introduced. Furthermore, the relational technique and operational characteristics are mentioned, as for combustion characteristics ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ethidium bromide (EB) and ultraviolet light (UV) in combination are known to produce a synergistic induction of 'petite' mutants in yeast. Two other agents were combined with EB, 3-Carbethoxypsoralene (3 CPs) activated by 365 nm light or #gamma# rays. EB in combination with 3 CPs also resulted in an enhanced production of 'petite' mutants. After the photoaddition of 3 CPs in exponential phase cells, recovery of the 'petite' mutation during dark liquid holding was inhibited by the presence of EB producing an enhanced number of 'petite' mutants. The behavior of mitochondrial antibiotic resistance markers after individual and combined treatments with EB and 3 CPs indicates a random loss of markers after EB and a preferential loss of a certain region for the 3 CPs photoaddition. The combination of the two agents leads to an additivity of total drug marker losses rather than a ...

Science.gov (United States)

This manual provides information to assist in selection and designing control measures for reducing pollutant discharges from combined sewer overflows (CSOs). he manual will be useful for municipal public works staff, design engineers, and regulatory agency staff tasked with the ...

Science.gov (United States)

The objectives of this study were to investigate the flocculation/flotation characteristics of combined sewer overflow through laboratory and field testing. The concept involves the introduction of chemicals and buoyant flotation aids into the overflow and the subsequent cofloccu...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveTo report the efficacy and safety of combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection in the treatment of idiopathic polypoidal choroidal...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The problem of optimizing a horn radiator of electromagnetic waves for the reflection coefficient and the coefficient of transformation of the fundamental mode into higher order modes is solved. Optimization is performed by means of selecting a combined shape of the radiator generatrices.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Performance and endurance testing of sunflower turboalternator combined shaft unit

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The combination of wood gasification and high temperature fuel cells like solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) is an interesting approach to achieve high electrical efficiencies (40%) in small scale combined heat and power plants. This combination is called 'Biomass - Integrated Gasification Fuel Cell System' (B-IGFC). The main challenge is the adjustment of the three main components gasification, gas cleaning and fuel cell. In this technology, the first proof of principle by combining a gasifier with a SOFC in a laboratory scale for more than 100 hours was achieved. During this period, no deactivation of the system was found. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A super-hydrophobic coating was prepared by combining a rigid base film with crater-like hemispherical holes and acicular nanoparticles. The acicular boehmite powder provides a high contact angle on the film surface. The rigid base film with crater-like hemispherical holes inhibits the rapid decrease of contact angle by surface rubbing. The combination of different roughness is an effective method for improving the abrasion resistance of super-hydrophobic films.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this work, we have investigated the capability of different bimetallic nanoparticle alloy combinations to be used in fibre optic sensors based on the technique of surface plasmon resonance. The metals considered for this analysis are silver, gold, copper and aluminium. The performance of the sensor with different bimetallic nanoparticle alloy combinations is evaluated and compared numerically. The performance is analysed in terms of three parameters: sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and operating range for the sensing layer refractive index values. On the basis of the comparison and some logistic criteria, the best possible bimetallic alloy combinations along with a requisite alloy composition ratio are predicted. The bimetallic nanoparticle alloy combination is capable of simultaneously providing larger values of sensitivity, SNR and operating range, which is not possible with any single ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is often advantageous to generate power with combinations of wind and ocean waves. In fact ocean waves, their generation, propagation, dissipation are directly related to wind velocity and its duration oven the sea. In this paper an attempt has been made to demonstrate statistically to present some advantages with combined wind and ocean wave power generation. Even though many conceptual techniques and methods are possible to harness combined power generation, it is important to test feasibility of combined output as well as individual outputs mathematically. One of the major advantages of combined wind and wave power generation is to improve probability of continuous power supply (it minimises the interruptions and compensates power fluctuations with one another). Some of the major wave characteristics like wave Height (H), Time period (T), Wave length (L) significantly ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: To determine if involved field radiation (IF) is equivalent to standard whole bone radiation (SF) in local tumor control; to establish patterns of failure following treatment; and to determine response, event free (EFS) and overall survival rates from multi-disciplinary therapy in Ewing's Sarcoma (ES). Materials and Methods: Between 1983 and 1988, 184 children with ES were enrolled onto POG 8346. 178 (97%) met eligibility criteria; 6 had non-ES pathology. Induction treatment of Cyclophosphamide/Adriamycin (C/A) x 12 weeks was followed by local treatment either surgery or radiation therapy (XRT) and C/A, Dactinomycin and Vincristine for 50 weeks. Resection was advised for patients with small primary tumors if accomplished without functional loss. 40 patients were randomized to receive SF, whole bone XRT to 39.6 Gy plus a 16.2 Gy boost (total 55.8 Gy) or IF to 55.8 Gy while 84 were assigned to IF XRT. Results: Of 179 eligible patients, 141 (79%) had localized disease and 37 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

High-precision laser spectroscopy on lithium isotopes is of fundamental interest, experimentally as well as theoretically. The lithium atom has long served as a test system for the calculation of various atomic properties in few-electron atoms and significant advances have been made in the last decade[1-3]. Recently, calculations of transition energies for the 22S1/2 -> 32S1/2 and the 22S1/2 -> 22P1/2, 3/2 transitions and of the mass-dependant isotope shift (IS) in these transitions have been reported with a relative accuracy of better than 1 X 10-7 and 5 x 10-6, respectively[4, 5]. These calculations are the foundation for experimental efforts, currently underway at GSI Darmstadt, Germany, to determine the root-mean-square (rms) charge radius of the unstable lithium isotopes[6, 7]. The basic principle is that if all mass-dependent contributions to ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Jodrell Bank MERLIN array was used to map the OH 1665-and 1667-MHz masers in the circumstellar envelope of U Orionis in 1984, 1986 and 1987. The OH masers lie within a region of extent 130 x 180 AU"2, and have complex distribtuions which are different for each line and polarization. The masers show clumpy structures with a typical clump size of #approx# 25 AU. The strongest emission is from a ring of radius 60 AU which we interpret as part of an expanding, tilted torus. Proper motions have been measured for the OH masers on the ring. The ring has a proper motion of 5.4#+-#1.4 mass yr"-"1 corresponding to a transverse expansion velocity of #approx# 7 km s"-"1 for the period-luminosity distance of U Orionis of 260 pc. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Single-crystalline PbTe nanowires were synthesized using the chemical vapor transport method. They consisted of rock-salt structure PbTe nanocrystals uniformly grown in the [100] direction. We fabricated field-effect transistors using a single PbTe nanowire, providing evidence for its intrinsic n-type semiconductor characteristics. The values of the carrier mobility and concentration were estimated to be 0.83 cm"2 V"-"1 s"-"1 and 8.8 x 10"1"7 cm"-"3, respectively. The Seebeck coefficients (-72 ?V K"-"1) of individual nanowires were measured to show their n-type carrier-dominated thermoelectric transport properties.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Real-time neutron powder diffraction and small-angle scattering techniques have been developed on the TOF diffractometer DN-2 at the IBR-2 pulsed reactor at JINR (Dubna) with a total flux on the sample of 10"7 neutrons cm"-"2s"-"1 and a resolution of about 1%. A special arrangement of the detector system ensures a high counting rate of diffracted neutrons. Depending upon sample type and experimental conditions, the measuring time t_s of one neutron pattern varies from a few minutes to several seconds. The performance of the diffractometer is discussed and typical data are shown to demonstrate current achievements using real-time techniques at a pulsed reactor. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

Jet-driven shocks are responsible for an important fraction of the emission of the narrow-line regions (NLRs) in many classes of AGN. However, this cannot explain all observations. It is clear that the remaining sources are photoionised by the active nucleus. The 2-d hydrodynamic models from the RSAA group support an evolutionary scenario whereby the shock-excited NLRs are initially jet-driven but later, ionizing photons from the central engine replace shocks as the main excitation mechanism and shock induced star formation may also become important. In their photoionized phase, dusty and radiation-pressure dominated evolution produces a self-regulated NLR spectrum. This model aso explains the coronal emission lines and fast (3000 km s$^{-1}$) outflows seen in some Seyferts.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors search Z{prime} bosons in dielectron events produced in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, using a 0.45 fb{sup -1} dataset accumulated with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. To identify the Z{prime} {yields} e{sup +}e{sup -} signal, both the dielectron invariant mass distribution and the angular distribution of the electron pair are used. No evidence of a signal is found, and 95% confidence level lower limits are set on the Z{prime} mass for several models. Limits are also placed on the mass and gauge coupling of a generic Z{prime}, as well as on the contact interaction mass scales for different helicity structure scenarios.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effect of mean daily air temperature (MDT) on flowering rate (the reciprocal of days to flower) was quantified for 18 species of annual bedding plants. Plants were grown in environmental growth chambers at constant air temperature set points of 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 25, or 30^oC and under an irradiance of 160-180mmolm^-^2s^-^1, with a 16-h photoperiod. Nonlinear mathematical equations were developed to predict the effect of MDT on flowering rate and to estimate the base, optimum, and maximum temperatures (Tmin, Topt, and Tmax), which are the temperatures at which flowering rates are zero (low temperature), maximal, and zero once again (high temperature), respectively. The estimated Tmin varied among species and ranged from 1.1^oC in French marigold (Tagetes patula L.) to 9.9^oC in angelonia ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A kind of polymer-metal complex gel electrolyte is successfully prepared and is used in dye-sensitized solar cells. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm the structure of this complex and is found that the metal ion reacts with nitrogen in the polymer. This novel electrolyte shows apparent diffusion coefficient of iodide of 8.37 x 10-7 cm2 s-1 and the energy conversion efficiency of 6.10% when the amount of ZnI2 is 0.04 M. By studying the dissociation active energy of the inorganic salt in electrolytes, we find that the metal salts can dissociate more easily after reacting with polymer and as a result can provide extra free iodide ion. The cell maintains ca. 93% of its initial efficiency after 20 d without further sealing, which shows good long-time stability.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The ozone production process in a pulsed positive dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is studied by measuring the spatial distribution of ozone density using a two-dimensional laser absorption method. DBD occurs in a 6 mm point-to-plane gap with a 1 mm-thick glass plate placed on the plane electrode. First, the propagation of DBD is observed using a short-gated ICCD camera. It is shown that DBD develops in three phases: primary streamer, secondary streamer and surface discharge phases. Next, the spatial distribution of ozone density is measured. It is shown that ozone is mostly produced in the secondary streamer and surface discharge, while only a small amount of ozone is produced in the primary streamer. The rate coefficient of the ozone production reaction, O + O_2 + M #-># O_3 + M, is estimated to be 2.5 x 10"-"3"4 cm"6 s"-"1.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Magnetization data of single crystalline La{sub 4}Sr{sub 10}Cu{sub 24}O{sub 41} are presented. In this compound, doped spin chains and undoped spin ladders are realized. The magnetization, at low temperatures, is governed by the chain subsystem with a finite interchain coupling which leads to short range antiferromagnetic spin correlations. At higher temperatures, the response of the chains can be estimated in terms of a Curie-Weiss law. For the ladders, we apply the low temperature approximation for a S = 1/2 2-leg spin ladder.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The values of spins, parities, and spectroscopic factors for neutron transfer have been determined for many low-lying states in "9"7Mo and "1"0"1Mo by a study of the (t, d) and (d, p) reactions on the neighbouring even-mass isotopes. Eighteen new values of J"#pi# have been obtained for these nuclei. Values of the fullness and emptiness parameters V"2 and U"2 have been suggested for the 3s_1_/_2 and 2d_5_/_s orbitals in "1"0"0Mo. (Nuclear structure "9"7Mo, "1"0"1Mo, measured J, #pi#, and spectroscopic factors for states up to #approx#2.0 MeV using (d, p) and (t, d) reactions.) (author).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Magnetic pulse welding is a solid state impact welding process, similar to explosive welding, which produces metallurgical bond by oblique high-speed impact between two metal bodies. This violent impact removes the metal surface oxide layers and then joins the two atomic level clean metal surfaces together by the incidental compression pressure. The impact velocity is at 200?400?m/s and the being welded metal surface undergoes severe plastic deformation with strain rate in the order of 106?107?s?1. The ultrafine-grained structure was observed on the welded interface. This article studied two types of similar material lap joint interfaces and the base metals were aluminum alloy 6061 and copper alloy 110. Nano-indentation testing shows that the welded interfaces have significantly greater ha...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Evidence is reported for a narrow structure near the J/{psi}{phi} threshold in exclusive B{sup +} {yields} J/{psi}{phi}K{sup +} decays produced in {bar p}p collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV. A signal of 14 {+-} 5 events, with statistical significance in excess of 3.8 standard deviations, is observed in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.7 fb{sup -1}, collected by the CDF II detector. The mass and natural width of the structure are measured to be 4143.0 {+-} 2.9(stat) {+-} 1.2(syst) MeV/c{sup 2} and 11.7{sub -5.0}{sup +8.3}(stat) {+-} 3.7(syst) MeV/c{sup 2}.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

For the first time, absolute cross sections for electron-impact excitation of a multiply charged ion have been measured using an electron-energy-loss technique. Cross sections for e+Si"3"+(3s "2S_1_/_2)#->#e+Si"3"+(3p "2P_1_/_2_,_3_/_2)-8.88 eV have been measured with an accuracy of #+-#20% (at 90% confidence level) over a narrow energy range (#+-#0.6 eV) about the threshold energy with an energy resolution of 0.2 eV. Results are in good agreement with close-coupling calculations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

I describe a search for anomalous production of Z pairs through a new massive resonance X in 2.5-2.9 fb{sup -1} of p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV using the CDFII Detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. I reconstruct Z pairs through their decays to electrons, muons, and quarks. To achieve perhaps the most efficient lepton reconstruction ever used at CDF, I apply a thorough understanding of the detector and new reconstruction software heavily revised for this purpose. In particular, I have designed and employ new general-purpose algorithms for tracking at large {eta} in order to increase muon acceptance. Upon analyzing the unblinded signal samples, I observe no X {yields} ZZ candidates and set upper limits on the production cross section using a Kaluza-Klein graviton-like acceptance.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rocket-Based Combined-Cycle (RBCC) engines intended for missiles and/or space launch applications incorporate features of rocket propulsion systems operating in concert with airbreathing engine cycles. Performance evaluation of these types of engines, which are intended to operate from static sea level take-off to supersonic cruise or accerlerate to orbit, requires ground test capabilities which integrate rocket component testing with airbreathing engine testing. A combined cycle engine test facility has been constructed in the General Applied Science Laboratories, Inc. (GASL) Aeropropulsion Test Laboratory to meet this requirement. The facility was designed to support the development of an innovative combined cycle engine concept which features a rocket based ramjet combustor. The test requirements included the ability to conduct tests in which the propulsive force was generated by rocket only, the ramjet only and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

National Power is building its first gas turbine combined cycle power station at Killingholme, situated to the south of the River Humber in the East of England. NEI ABB Gas Turbines Limited was awarded the turnkey contract in July 1990 to build a nominal 650 MW combined cycle power station based around three Asea Brown Boveri GT13E gas turbines. The project is outlined in this article. The plant is due for completion in July 1993. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. has developed a gas turbine combined cycle and cogeneration plant computer aided engineering (CAE) system, which creates cycle heat balance automatically on given configurations of gas turbines, heat recovery boilers, steam turbines and auxiliaries. The system can predict the performance of the plant as a function of control set points, loads, process steam requirements and ambient conditions, which enables accurate and fast design of gas turbine combined cycle and cogeneration plants. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pitting corrosion can be considered as a combination of two physical processes: the pit generation process and its depth growth process. Both processes are uncertain and can be modeled by stochastic processes. A model that combines two stochastic processes to describe pitting corrosion was developed. In this model, the pit generation process is represented by the Poisson process, and the pit depth growth process is modeled by the Markov process. The probability distribution of corrosion pit depth and the probability of time-to-failure are derived based upon the combined stochastic processes. Examples of the use of this method in dealing with experimental data also were developed.

Science.gov (United States)

Mar 8, 2006 ... Some examples of leave options are annual leave, sick leave, .... (FERS). This three-tier system combines social security, a basic annuity ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The mixture of 65 mol% capric acid and 35 mol% lauric acid (C-L acid) is a potential latent heat storage material. However, its melting temperature of 18.0 {sup o}C is quite high for low-temperature thermal energy storage. Addition of pentadecane, with a melting point of 9.9 {sup o}C, is proposed. The thermal characteristics of the combination of the C-L acid with pentadecane (CL:P) in different volume ratio are investigated employing the DSC analysis. The actual thermal performance of each CL:P combination is further determined from their radial and axial temperature distribution employing a fabricated thermal storage capsule. The 90:10 CL:P combination manifests an improvement in the melting characteristic of the C-L acid.(author)

Science.gov (United States)

... communication with the divisions of the Seventh Army ... the 1st Infantry Division could not ... commanding general of the 82nd Airborne Division, landed ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this talk, we summarize recent results obtained from the combined neutrino telescopes IceCube and AMANDA. The combined approach, including data taken from both detectors simultaneously, is compared to other analyses that are using IceCube only data. The main benefit of the combined detector is its improved performance at low energies, meaning energies below 1 TeV (close to the energy threshold of the detector). The discussion is focused on the search for extra-terrestrial neutrinos from candidate sources in our Galaxy. Using appropriate cuts, the sensitivity can be optimized for soft spectra neutrino sources. With the resulting data sample, several studies are performed: an unbinned Galactic Plane Scan and a Cygnus region analysis: the Multi Point Source analysis. The current status of these analyses is presented.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Summary: The increasing emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), has resulted in the increased...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(1972). Germany Garratt, PG Hoigne, J. INRESCOR AG, Schwarzenbach

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The oil shale PCTM for Modified In Situ Oil Shale Retorting combined with Lurgi Surface Retorting addresses the application of this combination of technologies to the development of oil shale resources in the western United States. This manual describes the combined plant using Lurgi surface retorting technology (developed by Lurgi Kohle and Mineralotechnik GmbH, West Germany) and the Modified In Situ process (developed by Occidental Oil Shale, Inc.) proposed by Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. and Tenneco Shale Oil Company for use in the development of their Federal oil shale lease Tract C-b in western Colorado. Since details regarding waste streams and control technologies for the Lurgi process are presented in a separate PCTM, this document focuses principally on the Modified In Situ process.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Predictions of the combination of our recent model for the formation of planetary nebulae (due to a diverging pulsational instability) together with nuclear-burning shell flashing, with regard to formation of multiple shells, are explored and discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Objective: To evaluate the effect of metallic stent combined with stereotactic conformal radiotherapy (SCRT) for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: Fifty-four patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma were analyzed, including 31 treated with stent plus stereotactic conformal radiotherapy (combined group) and 23 with metallic stent alone (control group). Results: The mean survival time of combined group was 11.1 #+-# 4.6 months, compared with 5.1 #+-# 2.8 months of the control group, giving a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: The combination of metallic stent and stereotactic conformal radiotherapy is more effective than metallic stent alone for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. (authors)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Objective:The present study describes the effect of nebivolol (NBV) either alone or in combination with lamotrigine (LTG) using increasing current electroshock seizures...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... 3004505040***, MEDICAMENTS, DOSED, VITAMINS, MULTIPLE, OTHER COMBINATIONS, FD3***. 3104100000**, CARNALLITE, SYLVITE AND OTHER CRUDE POTASSIUM SALTS, FD3**. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Report) A Screening Assessment of the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Mitigation in the Great Lakes and New England Regions (Final Report)...

Science.gov (United States)

... Wright, and Vogel, 1985; Patton, Vogel, Damo- shorter amount of time at the end of the 45-hour kosh, et al., 1989). Lifting strength was signifi- ...

Science.gov (United States)

... associated with non-reporting of phosphorus input from combined sewer overflow discharge all could potentially play a part in ... ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper focuses on the application and features of a unified multi-machine train condition monitoring and diagnostic system as applied to a 340 MW repowered combined cycle power plant. Modifications during repowering of the plant required the addition of gas turbines, and design changes to the boiler and steam turbine. Operational procedure during startup also had to be developed. In order to improve the economics of operation, enhancement of both plant operational efficiency and availability were required. Thus it was decided to implement an on-line plant-wide multi-machine Condition Monitoring System. In this paper, the details of the condition monitoring system and some of the design details of the power plant are presented. Requirements of a condition monitoring system applicable to a combined cycle plant are also covered. Salient system design features are explained. The system has been implemented in a combined ...

Science.gov (United States)

... some Central Asian populations (Zerjal et al. 2002). Haplogroup W has a similar Middle Eastern origin, and again ... ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Except for isolated radiation accidents over the ensuing years, little practical experience has been gained in the treatment of thermal injuries ...

Science.gov (United States)

Hamed, A. and A. Mohamed, "Assessment of Shock Induced Flow Separation and ...... AGARD Symposium on Combined Cycle Propulsion for Hypersonic Application, ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Meta-analysis to investigate the joint effect of multiple factors in the aetiology of a disease is of increasing importance in epidemiology. This task is often challenging in practice, because studies typically concentrate on studying the effect of only one exposure, sometimes may report the interaction between two exposures, but rarely address more complex interactions that involve more than two exposures. In this paper, we develop a meta-analysis framework that combines estimates from studies of multiple exposures. A key development is an approach to combining results from studies that report information on any subset or combination of the full set of exposures.The model requires assumptions to be made about the prevalence of the specific exposures. We discuss several possible model spec...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Measurements of the taste thresholds of blowflies for a wide variety of carbohydrates, presented individually and in combination, showed that the stimulating effects of the compounds are not always...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

The increasing number of aspect mining techniques proposed in literature calls for a methodological way of comparing and combining them in order to assess, and improve on, their quality. This paper addresses this situation by proposing a common framework based on crosscutting concern sorts which allows for consistent assessment, comparison and combination of aspect mining techniques. The framework identifies a set of requirements that ensure homogeneity in formulating the mining goals, presenting the results and assessing their quality. We demonstrate feasibility of the approach by retrofitting an existing aspect mining technique to the framework, and by using it to design and implement two new mining techniques. We apply the three techniques to a known aspect mining benchmark and show how they can be consistently assessed and combined to increase the quality of the results. The techniques and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radio-biologists have pointed out a novel radiobiological phenomenon observed in many tumor and normal cell lines: hyper-radiosensitivity to very low-dose (H.R.S.) followed by induced radioresistance (I.R.R.) after a threshold dose of 0.1-0.3 Gy that depends on the cell line. Radioresistance at high dose (i.e. higher than 0.5 Gy) and metastatic potential of tumor cells are likely major factors of failure in radiotherapy. A careful review of literature suggests that: 1) radiotherapy does not increase the metastatic potential of tumor cells; 2) radioresistance at high dose and metastatic potential are not related. However, inside a given tumor cell line, highly metastatic clones may elicit more cells showing H.R.S; or are more radiosensitive at high dose than poorly metastatic ones. Recent data obtained from molecular techniques (comet and immunofluorescence assays) applied to single cells irradiated at very low radiation doses (1-100 mGy) suggest that DNA single-strand breaks (S.S.B.) ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose: To evaluate the importance of surgical margins for local and systemic control of Ewing's sarcoma family tumors (ESFT). Methods and Materials: Between 1979 and 1999, 512 patients with ESFTs entered 4 different adjuvant and neoadjuvant studies performed at a single institution. Of these patients, 335 were treated with surgery alone (196) or surgery followed by radiotherapy at doses of 44.8 Gy (139). We compared their outcome with that of the 177 patients who were locally treated by radiotherapy at 60 Gy. Results: Local control (88.8% vs. 80.2%, p < 0.009) and 5-year disease-free survival (63.8% vs. 47.6%, p < 0.0007) were significantly better in patients treated with surgery and, among them, in those with adequate surgical margins (96.6% vs. 71,7%, p < 0.0008, and 69.6% vs. 46.3%, p < 0.0002). Nonetheless, better results were observed only in extremity tumors. Conclusions: Surgery is better than radiotherapy in cases of extremity ESFT with achievable adequate ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of postoperative radiotherapy in a case of perihilar cholagiocarcinoma by analyzing overall survival rate, patterns of failure, prognostic factors for overall survival, and toxicity. Between January 1998 and March 2008, 38 patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma underwent a surgical resection and adjuvant radiotherapy. The median patient age was 59 years (range, 28 to 72 years), which included 23 men and 15 women. The extent of surgery was complete resection in 9 patients, microscopically positive margins in 25 patients, and a subtotal resection in 4 patients. The tumor bed and regional lymphatics initially received 45 Gy or 50 Gy, but was subsequently boosted to a total dose of 59.4 Gy or 60 Gy in incompletely resected patients. The median radiotherapy dose was 59.4 Gy. Concurrent chemotherapy was administered in 30 patients. The median follow-up period was 14 months (range, 6 to 45 months). The 3-year overall ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Background: the fact that therapeutic irradiation can induce significant stenosis in the arteries of the head, neck, and chest, as welt as in the aorta and the iliac arteries, is familiar in daily practice and well documented in the literature. By contrast, radiation-induced renal artery stenosis seems to be a less widely known complication. Patients and methods: the sudden onset of medically refractory arterial hypertension and coma in a 27-year-old man is reported, who had been treated at age 20 with chemotherapy and radiotherapy for Ewing's sarcoma in the lumbar region. This treatment had been performed at the hospital of Sion, Switzerland in 2001. Also, the relevant literature from 1965 to 2007 is reviewed to underscore various aspects of this problem and to demonstrate the clinical relevance of renal artery stenosis as a potential long-term sequela of radiotherapy. Conclusion: radiation-induced renal artery stenosis has only rarely been described in the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biomass is one of the main natural resources in Sweden. The present low-CO{sub 2} emission characteristics of the Swedish electricity production system (hydro and nuclear) can be retained only by expansion of biofuel applications for energy purposes. Domestic Swedish biomass resources are vast and renewable, but not infinite. They must be utilized as efficiently as possible, in order to make sure that they meet the conditions for sustainability in the future. Application of efficient power generation cycles at low costs is essential for meeting this challenge. This applies also to municipal solid waste incineration with energy extraction, which should be preferred to its dumping in landfills. Hybrid dual-fuel combined cycle units are a simple and affordable way to increase the electric efficiency of biofuel energy utilization, without big investments, uncertainties or loss of reliability arising from complicated technologies. Configurations of such power cycles are ...

Science.gov (United States)

Swimming endurance of whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei exposed to various temperatures (15, 20, and 25 degrees C) and salinities (15, 32, and 40 per thousand) was determined in a swimming channel against one of five flow velocities (5.41, 6.78, 8.21, 10.11, and 11.47 cm s(-1)) for up to 9000 s. No shrimp swam the full 9000 s throughout the experiment. The swimming endurance decreased as swimming speed was increased at any of the temperatures and salinities tested and was significantly affected by temperature and salinity (Ppower model (nu x t(b) = a) showed a better fit to the relationship between swimming endurance (t, in s) and swimming speed (nu, in cm s(-1)) at any of the temperatures and salinities tested. The swimming ability index (SAI), defined as SAI = integral(0)(9000) vdt x 10(-4) (cm), was found to be temperature- and salinity-dependent in L. vannamei. The optimum temperature and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heavy-ion reaction with unstable nuclei, {sup 13}N and {sup 11}Be, {sup 13}N+{sup 12}C and {sup 11}Be+{sup 12}C-{sup 10}Be+{sup 13}C were analyzed by a coupled-reaction-channel (CRC) method and formation of valence nucleon molecular orbital was studied by numerical analysing calculation. In this report, 1P1/2 (the ground state of {sup 13}N and {sup 13}C), 2s1/2 (the ground state of {sup 11}Be), 1d5/2 and 1d3/2 orbital were studied as one particle state of valance nucleon in {sup 13}N, {sup 13}C and {sup 11}Be. Moreover, d3/2 state, comparatively higher excited state, was contained into CRC calculation. The effect of this state on CRC scheme was proved very large. We developed new program code to obtain the numerical stable solution. It is necessary to about 200 MB (CRC equation) for {sup 11}Be+{sup 12}C{yields}{sup 10}Be+{sup 13}C and about 300 MB for discussion about molecular orbital. We show that the CRC calculation with the inelastic ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Non-radiative energy transfers (ET) from Ce3+ to Pr3+ in Y3Al5O12:Ce3+, Pr3+ and from Sm3+ to Eu3+ in CaMoO4:Sm3+, Eu3+ are studied based on photoluminescence spectroscopy and fluorescence decay patterns. The result indicates an electric dipole-dipole interaction that governs ET in the LED phosphors. For Ce3+ concentration of 0.01 in YAG:Ce3+, Pr3+, the rate constant and critical distance are evaluated to be 4.5x10-36 cm6 s-1 and 0.81 nm, respectively. An increase in the red emission line of Pr3+ relative to the yellow emission band of Ce3+, on increasing Ce3+ concentration is observed. This behavior is attributed to the increase of spectral overlap integrals between Ce3+ emission and Pr3+ excitation due to the fact that the yellow band shifts to the red spectral side with increasing Ce3+ concentration. In CaMoO4:Sm3+, Eu3+, Sm3+-Eu3+ transfer occurs from 4G5/2 of Sm3+ to 5D0 of Eu3+. The rate constant of 8.5x10-40 cm6 ...

Wastenet

... As a consequence the Brazilian government introduced a thermoelectric priority programme covering the construction of new gas fired combined cycle power plants. One such plant has been constructed at the Suape industrial port complex in the state of Pernambuco. The US$350 million Termopernambuco combined cycle gas ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The present invention provides an improvement in the art of combined steam turbine and gas turbine power plants of the type wherein the principal source of energy is a fluidized bed combustor fueled by coal. More specifically, the invention pertains to supplemental firing of the gas turbine cycle with a clean hydrocarbon fuel (CHF) at a high incremental efficiency to significantly increase overall plant efficiency.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Coal solids (SRC) and distillate oils are combined to afford single-phase blends of residual oils which have utility as fuel oils substitutes. The components are combined on the basis of their respective polarities, that is, on the basis of their heteroatom content, to assure complete solubilization of SRC. The resulting composition is a fuel oil blend which retains its stability and homogeneity over the long term.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The systems analyses and optimization studies performed in connection with a program to design and evaluate a commercial 663 MWe coal-fired combined cycle power plant using pressurized fluidized bed combustion and advanced technology in the hot gas cleanup system and gas turbines are presented. Details on the plant control system are included. (LCL)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have recently shown that viable Borrelia burgdorferi organisms induce a chronic infection associated with arthritis and carditis in severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mice but not in immunocompetent...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

One of the effective methods of deep modification of the surface of steels and alloys is the combination of ion implantation and plasma nitriding. In this work, the long-range effect is demonstrated in the case of combination of the effect of high- and low-energy ions of nitrogen on a martensitic steel for each ion implantation is usually not effective, and a titanium alloy used widely in industry.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To meet growth in the fast developing Pearl River Delta economic zone in China`s Guangdong province, a 270 MW oil-fired combined cycle at Foshan was built and commissioned in only 22 months from financial closure. This article describes the Foshan power station, specifications, design, procurement, construction and operating concerns. 5 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The externally fired combined cycle is emerging as an economically viable repowering options for old non-competitive coal fired steam plants. This paper describes the initial operation of a pilot plant located at Kennebunk, Maine and the initial work on the repowering of a 48MW coal fired steam plant located in Warren, PA.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe effects of single or combined histamine H₁-receptor and leukotriene CysLT₁-receptor antagonism on nasal adenosine monophosphate (AMP) challenge...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract In his, -Descartes' Ontology of Thought-, Alan Nelson presents, on Descartes' behalf, a compositional theory of mental representation according to which the content of any mental representation is either simple or is entirely constituted by a combination of innate simples. Here the simples are our ideas of God, thought, extension, and union. My objection will be that it is simply ludicrous to think that any four simples are adequate to the task of combining to constitute all of human thought, and that the simples God, thought, extension, and union are particularly ill suited to it.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A decrease of inhibitor concentration in a medium is always desirable even if the inhibitor is not toxic. In this connection, a sharp increase in the protective effect of certain corrosion inhibitors when cathodic polarization was applied to the metal is reviewed. The importance of a simultaneous account of the chemical structure of inhibitor and the nature of the metal corrosion under cathodic polarization is outlined. Some examples of applying this combined protection of metals are discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A combined gas/steam turbine process includes a high-pressure furnace and a high pressure gasification unit with a mounted upstream of a combustion chamber there is a gas turbine with a waste heat system. Combustion heat which is not needed to heat the flue gas to combustion temperature is released from the furnace and transferred to ths combustion air going into the combustion chamber.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The use of pressurised fluidized-bed coal combustion (fbc) in a combined cycle is seen as a most attractive technology for increasing the efficiency of electricity generation. The concept of pressurised fbc is described and the technical problems that are encountered in its operation and in limiting it to a gas turbine are discussed. Details are given of pilot plant facilities and current R and D programmes.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recent development in application of a focused ion beam (FIB) technique to preparation of thin foil specimens for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation has been reviewed. Combined technique of FIB/TEM enables one to analyze those microstructures which have been almost impossible or very difficult to analyze so far. (author)