Abstract in spanish Presentamos el caso de un niño de 11 meses diagnosticado de quiste intratesticular derecho. Analizamos la etiología, el diagnóstico diferencial y el manejo de las lesiones quísticas testiculares en la infancia. La edad del paciente, la exploración física, los marcadores tumorales y los hallazgos ecográficos contribuyen a la sospecha diagnóstica y en ocasiones al diagnóstico definitivo preoperatoriamente. El diagnóstico diferencial incluye el quiste simple, el qu (more) iste epidermoide, los quistes de túnica albuginea, el teratoma testicular, el tumor de células granulosa juvenil-tumor del estroma gonadal, la displasia quística de la rete testis, el linfangioma quístico y la torsión testicular. La enucleación es habitualmente el tratamiento de elección. El conocimiento de las lesiones quísticas testiculares en la infancia permite un adecuado manejo de las mismas y un tratamiento más conservador. Abstract in english The present article reports a case 11 month- old infant with a right intratesticular cyst. We analyze the etiology, differential diagnosis and management off all cystic lesions of the pediatric testis. Patient age at presentation, examination features, tumor markers and sonographic appearance may assist in making a presumptive and occasionally definitive diagnosis preoperatively. The differential diagnosis include intratesticular simple cyst, epidermoid cyst, tunica albug (more) inea cyst, testicular teratoma, juvenil granulosa cell tumor-gonadal stromal tumor, cystic dysplasia of the rete testis, cystic lymphangioma, and testicular torsion Ussually enucleation is the best treatment. A thorough understanding of potentially cystic testis lesions in children leads to the best management choices and often to preservation of a substantial portion of the affected testis.

Abstract in spanish Introducción: los tumores testiculares prepuberales son distintos a los que se presentan en la edad adulta. Tradicionalmente han sido considerados malignos, pero realmente los tumores testiculares benignos son más frecuentes en esta edad. Material y métodos: revisamos nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de los tumores testiculares en niños (more) nuestro centro 15 tumores testiculares en edad pediátrica. Se revisa la actitud terapéutica empleada con énfasis en la posibilidad de preservación testicular en pacientes seleccionados y se evalúan los resultados. Resultados: la forma de presentación clínica en el 80% de los casos fue aumento del tamaño testicular con masa palpable. Se realizaron 4 orquiectomías radicales (27%) y 11 tumorectomías (73%). Todas las lesiones benignas en la anatomía patológica definitiva fueron tratadas con tumorectomía: cuatro quistes epidermoides, un hemangioma, un lipoma, un hamartoma fibroso, un tumor de la granulosa juvenil y una fusión espleno-gonadal. También fueron tratados con éxito de forma conservadora dos casos de teratoma. Los casos tratados de manera radical fueron un caso de tumor de saco vitelino (estadio I), dos tumores germinales mixtos y un gonadoblastoma. Conclusiones: los tumores testiculares en la edad prepuberal benignos predominan sobre los malignos. Ante una masa testicular palpable con marcadores tumorales negativos se puede plantear un tratamiento conservador mediante tumorectomía. No obstante, la lesión debe ser completamente extirpada para evitar recurrencias. Abstract in english Introduction: prepubertal testicular tumours are different from those that appear during adulthood. Traditionally, they were considered to be malignant, however benign testicular tumours are actually more frequent at this age. Materials and methods: we analysed our experience in the treatment of testicular tumours in children (more) at our centre. We examined the therapeutic approach employed, underlining the possibility of testicular conservation in selected patients and we have analysed the results. Results: the clinical presentation in 80% of the cases was an increase in testicle size with palpable mass. We performed 4 radical orchiectomies (27%) and 11 tumourectomies (73%). All the benign lesions in the final pathological anatomy were treated with tumourectomy: four epidermoid cysts, one hemangioma, one lipoma, one fibrous hamartoma, one juvenile granulosa tumour and one splenogonadal fusion. We also successfully and conservatively treated two cases of teratoma. The cases that received radical treatment were a yolk sac tumour (Stage I), two mixed germ cell tumours and one gonadoblastoma. Conclusions: there are more cases of benign testicular tumours than malignant tumours during puberty. In the event of a palpable testicular mass with negative tumour markers, conservative treatment by means of a tumourectomy may be considered. However, the lesion must be removed completely to prevent recurrence.

Ultrasound examination is the primary imaging investigation used in initial evaluation of the symptomatic testis. In this review the ultrasound appearances of a range of testicular lesions are demonstrated. Particular attention is given to the subject of testicular microlithiasis and its link with germ-cell neoplasia, and also to the sonographic features of epidermoid cysts that may allow testis-sparing surgery. PMID:10964729

Testicular masses in prepubescent children are typically benign. Most masses are mature teratomas, epidermoid cysts, and stromal tumors. Synchronous bilateral testicular masses in children are rare. The etiology of these includes synchronous primary testicular masses, lymphoma, leukemia, and adrenocortical rest hyperplasia. Partial orchiectomy, or testis-sparing surgery, is now preferred in the management of testicular masses deemed to be benign. We present a case of benign bilateral testicular masses managed with testis-sparing surgery. Six-month follow-up revealed no residual tumor, normal contour of the testes, and no evidence of atrophy. PMID:22743256

Ultrasound examination is the primary imaging investigation used in initial evaluation of the symptomatic testis. In this review the ultrasound appearances of a range of testicular lesions are demonstrated. Particular attention is given to the subject of testicular microlithiasis and its link with germ-cell neoplasia, and also to the sonographic features of epidermoid cysts that may allow testis-sparing surgery. Howlett, D.C., Marchbank, N.D.P., Sallomi, D.F. (2000)

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to analyze the appearance of testicular epidermoid cysts on high-resolution sonography and MR imaging and correlate imaging features with histopathologic findings. CONCLUSION: Intratesticular epidermoid cysts may show imaging features that correlate with their histopathologic findings. Concentric rings of alternating hypo- and hyperechogenicity on sonography and alternating high and low signal intensity on MR imaging ("onion ring" appearance) correspond to the pathologic finding of multiple layers of keratin debris. Absence of flow on color Doppler sonography and absence of contrast enhancement on MR imaging is also consistent with the avascular nature of these lesions. The ability of preoperative imaging studies to suggest the diagnosis of epidermoid cyst may prompt a testis-sparing surgery instead of an orchiectomy. PMID:10541108

Abstract in spanish Objetivos: Aportamos un caso de un teratoma quístico maduro testicular (quiste dermoide) en su variante pseudopilomatrixoma. Métodos: Paciente de 53 años con una masa testicular izquierda no dolorosa al que, tras la realización de orquiectomía radical, se diagnostica de teratoma quístico maduro testicular (quiste dermoide) en su variante pseudopilomatrixoma. Estudio de extensión y marcadores tumorales negativos. El paciente se encuentra libre de enfermedad tras 6 m (more) eses de seguimiento. Resultados: El teratoma testicular es un tumor compuesto por células derivadas de las tres hojas embrionarias (ectodermo, endodermo y mesodermo). Aparecen a cualquier edad, siendo mucho más incidentes en la infancia, donde llegan a representar hasta un 30% de todos los tumores. En la edad adulta es mucho menos prevalente, llegando sólo a representar un 7% de todos los tumores germinales del testículo. Conclusiones: Los casos prepuberales son casi invariablemente de carácter benigno, independientemente de su histología. Sin embargo, los casos que aparecen tras la pubertad presentan potencial maligno, incluso si es histológicamente puro. El teratoma quístico maduro (quiste dermoide) representa la única excepción a esta regla, ya que no se ha publicado ninguna degeneración maligna de este tipo de tumores. Abstract in english Objectives: Case report of a mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst), pseudopilomatrixoma like variant. Method: 53-year old patient with a left testicular mass, diagnosed as mature cystic teratoma of the testis (dermoid cyst), the pilomatrixoma-like variant, after radical orchiectomy. Tumoral markers were negative and no extension was observed. The patient is disease-free after 6 months follow-up. Results: Testicular teratoma is a tumour composed of cells derived from the t (more) hree embryonic layers (ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm). They can appear at any age, but they are much more prevalent in childhood. They appear at any age, but are much more common in childhood, where they comprise up to 30% of all tumours. They are much less prevalent in adults, representing only 7% of all testicular germ cell tumours Conclusions: Prepubertal cases are invariably benign in nature, regardless of their histology. However, cases which appear after puberty are potentially malignant, even if histologically pure. Mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) is the only exception to this rule, as no malignant degeneration of these types of tumours has been published.

Abstract in spanish Presentar datos sobre el diagnóstico histopatológico que se realizó en el Departamento de Patología Oral de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México, durante el periodo 1989 a 2008. De 2 183 biopsias, las lesiones de tejido óseo comprendieron 637 casos (29,2 %) y las de tejido blando sumaron 1 529 (70,0 %), de tejido dental se procesaron 17 muestras (0,8 %). Los diagnósticos más frecuentes para tejido óseo fueron: (more) granuloma periapical, quiste periapical, quiste dentígero y queratoquiste odontogénico (tumor odontogénico queratoquístico). Los diagnósticos más frecuentes de tejido blando fueron: fibroma, granuloma piógeno, mucocele, carcinoma epidermoide y papiloma. En el maxilar se presentaron 292 casos, en la mandíbula 258 y en 87 muestras no se especificó el maxilar de donde se obtuvo la biopsia. En el tejido blando, de encía se obtuvieron 505 biopsias; labio inferior 164, tejido blando sin especificar 157, lengua 147, mucosa alveolar 146, paladar duro 89 y otras áreas presentaron 321 muestras. De pacientes femeninos fueron 1 370 muestras (62,8 %) y los masculinos con 796 biopsias (36,4 %). Hubo coincidencia entre el diagnóstico clínico con el histopatológico de 1 482 casos (67,9 %), los casos no coincidentes fueron 172 (7,9 %) y 529 casos (24,2 %) donde no se proporcionó diagnóstico clínico, lo cual es aceptable de acuerdo a estudios similares, pero puede ser mejorado substancialmente a través de educación continua. Abstract in english To submit data on the histopathological diagnosis made in the Oral Pathology Department of Stomatology of Autonomous University in Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico during from 1989 to 2008. From 2 183 biopsies, bone tissue lesions accounted for 637 cases (29.2 %) and those that soft tissue summarized 1 529 (70 %), from dental tissue 17 samples (0.8 %) were processed. For bone tissue the more frequent diagnoses were: periapical granulomas, periapical cyst, dentigerous cyst a (more) nd odontogenic keratocyst (keratogenic odontogenic tumor). The more frequent diagnoses for the soft tissue are: fibroma, pyogenic granulomas, mucocele, epidermoid carcinoma and papiloma. In maxillary there were 292 cases, in maxilla 258 and in 87 samples there was no specification from which maxillary was obtained the biopsy. In soft tissue, from gum 505 biopsies were obtained, from inferior lip 164, from soft tissue 157 were not specified, tongue 147, alveolar mucosa 146, hard palate 89 and other areas underwent 321 biopsies. From female patients 1 370 biopsies were obtained (62.8 %) and from male patients 796 biopsies (36.4 %). There was a coincidence of 1 482 cases (67.9 %) between the clinical diagnosis and the histopathological one, the no coincident ones summarized 172 (7.9 %) and 529 cases (24.2 %) where there wasn't clinical diagnosis being acceptable according to similar studies, but could be significantly improved by a continuous education.

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

... Cancer in Children Testicular Self Examination (TSE) Testicular Torsion Testicular Trauma U Ultrasound Imaging Undescended Testis Urachal Anomalies Ureterocele Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Urethral Cancer ...

Epidermoids are cystic tumors that arise from aberrant epidermal cells. Intradiploic epidermoids are relatively rare tumors that occur in all bones of the calvarium, temporal and sphenoid bones, paranasal sinuses, and maxilla. We report the case of an intradiploic epidermoid of the sphenoid wing cau...

Pericoccygeal epidermoid cyst is a rare benign congenital lesion lined with keratinized squamous epithelium. We report the magnetic resonance imaging findings of an epidermoid cyst at the precoccygeal tip as a cause of coccygodynia in a 32-year-old woman and a retrococcygeal epidermoid cyst in a 27-year-old man. We also describe the pericoccygeal lesions and coccygodynia.

Abstract in spanish Antecedentes. La médula espinal puede fijarse tras la reparación inicial en pacientes operados de mielomeningocele (MMC) y lipomeningocele (LMC), produciendo graves lesiones físicas y psicológicas. Asimismo, la introducción accidental de restos cutáneos durante la reparación de estas lesiones puede dar lugar al desarrollo de tumores intraespinales de estirpe cutánea. Objetivos. Averiguar la incidencia del anclaje medular tras la cirugía de MMC y LMC y analizar lo (more) s factores que puedan explicar su aparición. También, investigamos las maniobras técnicas durante la operación primaria susceptibles de evitar la aparición del síndrome de médula fijada. Pacientes y métodos. Revisión retrospectiva de las historias de los pacientes operados de MMC (n=162) y de espina bífida oculta (n=54) en el período 1975-2005 que desarrollaron cuadros de anclaje medular sintomático. Resultados. Once pacientes con MMC (6,79%) y dos con LMC (3,7%) presentaron manifestaciones de anclaje medular tras intervalos de 2 a 37 años después de la reparación primaria. Las indicaciones de reintervención se basaron fundamentalmente en criterios clínicos. Un hallazgo constante fue la fibrosis cicatricial que estuvo presente en todos los casos. Otros hallazgos operatorios causantes de la fijación medular consistieron en tumores cutáneos de inclusión (n=3), reacciones de cuerpo extraño (n=2), estenosis del canal lumbar (n=2), restos de lipoma (n=1), y filum hialinizado (n=1). En 3 casos de MMC se encontró además un quiste epidermoide intradural (1,85% de los MMC), lo que supone una tasa de epidermoides en la reintervención de MMC de 27%. El periodo medio de seguimiento fue de 5,5 años y los resultados fueron: mejoría en 8, dos no experimentaron cambios, y uno sufrió empeoramiento. Conclusiones. El deterioro neurológico de los pacientes operados de MMC o LMC no constituye una consecuencia obligada o parte de la historia natural de estos procesos. El deterioro, precoz o tardío, puede estar motivado por el anclaje posquirúrgico de la médula espinal. Ello hace necesario realizar un seguimiento periódico de estos pacientes, acompañado de los oportunos estudios de neuroimagen y, en su caso, de exploración quirúrgica. Los resultados fueron satisfactorios, ya que el 92% de los pacientes reoperados experimentaron mejoría o estabilización de su enfermedad. Se describen además dos causas infrecuentemente descritas de deterioro tardío: la estenosis del canal y las reacciones fibrosas de cuerpo extraño a materiales implantados. Abstract in english Background. Spinal cord rethetering can occur after the primary surgical repair of myelomeningoceles (MMC) and lipomeningoceles (LMC) and produce devastating physical and psychological consequences. The inadvertent introduction of skin elements at the time of the initial surgery can lead to the growth of intraspinal epidermoid or dermoid cysts. Objectives. To review the incidence of spinal cord tethering following surgery for open and occult spinal dysraphism and to analy (more) ze factors that might influence the appearance of this complication. We also aimed to search technical measures at the time of the primary operation that might prevent the occurrence of symptomatic cord retethering. Material and methods. We reviewed the medical records of patients submitted to surgical repair of MMC (n=162) or occult spinal dysraphism (n= 54) during the period 1975-2005 who developed symptomatic tethered cord syndrome. Results. Eleven of 162 (6.79%) patients with MMC and 2 of 54 (3.7%) with LMC developed clinical symptoms and signs of spinal cord tethering after intervals ranging from 2 to 37 years after the initial surgical repair of their back lesions. Indications for surgical re-exploration were based mainly on clinical grounds. Postoperative fibrosis was a constant finding in all instances. Other surgical findings included inclusion tumors of cutaneous origin (n=3), lumbar canal stenosis (n= 2), foreign body reactions (n= 2), residual lipoma (n= 1), and a tight hyalinized filum (n=1). Interestingly, 3 of 162 (or 1.85%) myelomeningoceles were found to harbor an intradural epidermoid tumor at the time of spinal cord dethetering, accounting for an incidence of cutaneous inclusion tumors of 27% in cases of post-MMC repair tethering. After a mean follow-up time of 5.5 years, eight patients were improved, two were unchanged and one was worsened. Conclusions. Neurological deterioration is not a necessary consequence of the natural history of patients with MMC or LMC. Early or late clinical deterioration can be due to spinal cord re-tethering and deserves timely investigation and surgical exploration. Results of surgical intervention were rewarding as 92% of the patients showed improvement or stabilization in their otherwise deteriorating condition. We also report two infrequent causes of spinal cord deterioration: lumbar canal stenosis and intense foreign-body reactions to implanted materials.

... result of • Accidents • Inflammation of the testicles • Testicular cancer • Radiation therapy or chemotherapy used to treat testicular cancer Diseases that affect the hypothalamus and the pituitary ...

Abstract in spanish Objetivo: Presentar un caso de infarto testicular segmentario que simulaba ser un tumor testicular y la importancia de la realización de la biopsia perioperatoria. Métodos: Se presenta el caso de un paciente con un infarto testicular segmentario simulando un tumor testicular. Resultados: El paciente fue tratado con una orquiectomía parcial gracias a la biopsia perioperatoria. Conclusiones: La biopsia perioperatoria testicular es una herramienta diagnostica a ser considerada para ofrecer una cirugía testicular conservadora. Abstract in english Objective: To report a case of a Segmental testicular infarction (STI) simulating a testicular tumour and to discuss the importance of the excisional frozen biopsy. Methods: We present the case of a patient with STI mimicking a testicular tumour. Results: The patient was treated with partial orchiectomy after excisional frozen biopsy. Conclusions: The excisional frozen biopsy in testicular masses is a diagnostic maneuver to be considered in order to perform a testis-sparing surgery.

Abstract in spanish El quiste dentígero o folicular es un quiste odontogénico del desarrollo. Está revestido por el epitelio del folículo dentario, y suele estar en relación con un diente permanente incluído. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente en el que se observa la aparición de un quiste dentígero a partir del saco folicular de un tercer molar incluído no exodonciado, y lo comparamos con la evolución de un cordal incluído y su saco folicular contralaterales en los que s (more) e realizó la exodoncia. El tratamiento definitivo del quiste dentígero asociado a un tercer molar incluído es quirúrgico, con la exodoncia de la pieza y enucleación del quiste. Los sacos foliculares mayores de 2 mm asociados a terceros molares incluídos evolucionan en numerosas ocasiones a quistes foliculares. Está indicada la exodoncia de dichos cordales para evitar la evolución a quiste dentígero. Abstract in english The dentigerous cyst or follicular cyst is a developmental odontogenic cyst. It is covered by the epithelium of the dental follicle, and it tends to be related to an impacted permanent tooth. The case report of a patient who was seen to develop a dentigerous cyst arising from the follicle of an impacted non-extracted third molar is presented. This is then compared with the evolution of the contralateral impacted third molar and its follicle that was extracted. The definit (more) ive treatment for a dentigerous cyst associated with an impacted third molar is surgical, the extraction of the tooth and enucleation of the cyst. Follicles measuring more+ than 2 mm and that are associated with impacted third molars often develop into follicular cysts. The extraction of these third molars is indicated in order to avoid the development of a dentigerous cyst

Abstract in english OBJECTIVE: To prospectively determine the prevalence of testicular microlithiasis in symptomatic patients who were referred for scrotal ultrasound examination and to evaluate the possible association of testicular microlithiasis with testicular cancer and other conditions such as cryptorchidism or history of ascending testis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 391 men who were referred to our institutions between July 2002 and May 2005 for any type of symptoms from the testicles, und (more) erwent physical and scrotal ultrasound examination. The presence of testicular microlithiasis, the number of lesions and the involvement of both testicles in relation to the symptoms as well as the coexistence of other lesions were studied. RESULTS: Eighteen (4.6%) of 391 men enrolled into the study had testicular microlithiasis. Two out of the eighteen patients (11%) had concomitant testicular cancer, which was confirmed by pathological evaluation of the orchidectomy specimen. One of the patients with testicular microlithiasis presented a rising in biochemical tumor markers (LDH, and HCG) and underwent orchidectomy one year later. Five of the remaining 373 (1.3%) patients without microlithiasis were diagnosed with testicular cancer. Thirty six men reported having a history of ascending testis, but none of them was found with testicular cancer. Two cases of testicular torsion in a cryptorchid position had testicular microlithiasis, but the orchidectomy specimen (after surgery) was negative for testicular cancer. The correlation between testicular cancer and testicular microlithiasis found in our study was statistically significant (p

The interstitial brachytherapy is a conservative treatment of epidermoid carcinomas of the penis under 4 centimeters and does not invade the erectile tissue. the great majority of recurrences is under control by a surgery treatment. (N.C.)

The association of external radiotherapy and brachytherapy is an efficient loco regional treatment of epidermoid carcinomas of the anal duct with an acceptable delayed toxicity rate and a high rate of the sphincter function conservation. (N.C.)

Spinal epidermoid cysts occur as a result of anomalous implants of epidermal cells within the spinal cord. Spinal epidermoid cysts comprise < 1% of all intraspinal mass lesions and may be congenital or acquired. Congenital lesions usually occur at conus or cauda equina, and the latter usually occur at lower lumbar spine. The typical MR appearance of a spinal epidermoid cyst is a hypointense signal lesion on T1-weighted images and a hyperintense signal lesion on T2-weighted images. However, atypical imaging features also have been reported. In this article, we report atypical MR findings of an intradural epidermoid cyst at conus medullaris and cauda equina of the spine that was caused by internal cystic hemorrhage.

Epidermoids tend to grow around and adhere to critical neurovascular structures, but total or maximal tumor removal is recommended to reduce the risk of recurrence. We describe our method of combined microscopic and endoscopic resection for extensive epidermoid tumors. Thirteen patients with epidermoid tumors located in the suprasellar, prepontine, or surrounding cisterns underwent microsurgical resection with a rigid endoscope and a high definition camera system. An anterior petrosal and/or a pterional approach was selected in 6 patients and a lateral suboccipital approach in 7 patients. An endoscope was used with the operating microscope to remove 6 tumors through the anterior petrosal and/or pterional approaches in 5 cases and the lateral suboccipital approach in 1 case. An endoscope was used to confirm microscopic removal in 5 patients. Total removal was achieved in 5 patients and subtotal removal in 8 patients. We recommend the combined microsurgical and endoscopic approaches to achieve maximal resection of extensive suprasellar and prepontine epidermoids.   

We report a case of diastematomyelia associated with epidermoid cysts. On initial 1.5T MRI the diagnosis of multicystic tumor or cysticercosis in the cauda equina was considered. A careful examination of the initial MRI and additional 3T MRI raised the possibility of diastematomyelia associated with epidermoid intramedullary cysts (confirmed on diffusion weighted imaging). This information was very important for the surgeon in order to avoid an unnecessary exploration of an already compromised spinal cord.

A 6-year-old male presented with testicular growth and persistent chronic orchiepididymitis with high inflammatory markers (C reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate). Biopsies of the testes and epididymides showed bilateral epididymal and testicular granulomata, testicular fibrosis and chronic inflammatory infiltration, and the histological diagnosis was granulomatous orchitis. The symptoms receded with oral corticosteroids. Although rare, granulomatous orchitis is a possible diagnosis in children presenting testicular enlargement. It is important to differentiate it from testicular tumors (if necessary with testicular biopsy) and to investigate its association with systemic vasculitis and infectious diseases. PMID:22575712

Abstract in portuguese Os cistos epidermoides do sistema nervoso central (SNC) são condições incomuns, estando localizados mais frequentemente no ângulo pontocerebelar e ao redor da ponte. Eles são revestidos por epitélio escamoso queratinizado e lamelas de queratina, tornando seu conteúdo branco-perolado e pastoso. Os cistos epidermoides são, na maioria das vezes, originados de malformações, possivelmente associados ao entremeio de elementos superficiais do ectoderma do SNC durante o (more) fechamento da placa neural, ou formação das vesículas cerebrais secundárias. Os autores descrevem um caso de cisto epidermoide da fossa posterior determinando hidrocefalia e revisam critérios morfológicos e diagnósticos dessa lesão. Abstract in english Epidermoid cysts of the central nervous system are uncommon conditions, which are frequently located in the cerebellopontine angle and around the pons. They are covered with keratinized squamous epithelium and keratin lamella, which give its contents a soft, white-pearly appearance. Epidermoid cysts are mostly originated from malformations, presumably associated with surface elements of the nervous system ectoderm during the closure of the neural groove or formation of se (more) condary cerebral vesicles. The authors describe a case of epidermoid cyst in the posterior fossa causing hydrocephalus and review morphologic and diagnostic criteria of this lesion.

Abstract in spanish El quiste dentígero es el quiste Odontogénico mas frecuente, generalmente se presenta rodeando la corona de un diente impactado, afecta a los caninos superiores y terceros molares inferiores, con mayor predilección en el sexo masculino, entre la segunda y tercera década de la vida . A continuación se presenta un caso clínico de un quiste dentígero mandibular inusual por presentar aspecto clínico y radiográfico de Osteomielitis crónica con osteítis proliferativa (more) (Osteomielitis de Garré), en un paciente femenino de 7 años de edad con una evolución de 2 meses, Así mismo se describe la conducta clínica que se tomó con respecto al caso para llegar al diagnóstico definitivo. Abstract in english The denture quiste it is the most frequent to surround the tooth, it affect the upper caninos and third below molars, the most affected is the male sex, between the second and third decade of life. It is showed a clinic case of a dental jaw quiste with an unusual apparience that suggest a Garre?s Osteomyelitis cronic in a 7 year female patient, with an evolution of two months. Patient was subject to clinical, radiography and hystopatology test to confirm the final diagnostics of the lesion, and its described the clinical approachment in order to become the definitive diagnosis.

Abstract in spanish El quiste óseo simple (sinonimia quiste óseo traumático, quiste óseo solitario, quiste óseo hemorrágico) es un pseudoquiste intraóseo desprovisto de recubrimiento epitelial con un contenido seroso y/o hemático que en ocasiones puede estar ausente. Es una patología poco frecuente que afecta a los huesos maxilares con predilección por el maxilar inferior. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar un caso de quiste óseo simple en maxilar inferior que difiere d (more) e los habitualmente encontrados en los huesos maxilares en cuanto a su presentación clínica, radiográfica e histopatológica. Abstract in english The simple bone cyst (reported in the literature as traumatic bone cyst, solitary bone cyst, hemorrhagic bone cyst) is an intraosseous pseudocyst devoid of epithelial lining and filled with serous and/or hematic fluid that may also be lacking. Is a an uncommon condition that usually affects the jaws, with predilection for the lower jaw. The aim of the present work was to report a case of traumatic bone cyst of the jaw that differs from other maxillary bone cysts in its clinical, radiologic, and histologic presentation.

... Accidents • Inflammation of the testicles • Testicular cancer • Radiation therapy or chemotherapy used to treat testicular cancer Diseases that affect the hypothalamus and the pituitary glands can cause low testosterone. These include cancer, inflammation ...

We are presenting a common but interesting case of testicular torsion. Torsion is a common important urological emergency. History and examination is important for diagnosis. Urgent testicular exploration is an important message if in doubt.

... man does not have enough testosterone. Included are diagnosis, treatment options and associated risks of low testosterone. Testes ... result of • Accidents • Inflammation of the testicles • Testicular cancer • Radiation therapy or chemotherapy used to treat testicular cancer Diseases ...

... Norfolk General Hospital, Norfolk, VA, 5/08/2008) Testicular Disorders Varicocele Surgery (Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, ... South Miami Hospital, Miami, FL 1/19/2010) Testicular Disorders Varicocele Surgery (Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, ...

Objective. To optimise the use of freeze/thaw testicular immotile spermatozoa from nonobstructive azoospermia patients and to analyse the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of such spermatozoa. Methods. Testicular specimens were retrieved and cryopreserved from forty patients with n...

Abstract in spanish Introducción. Los quistes odontogénicos constituyen un grupo de frecuentes lesiones intraóseas propias de los maxilares y una de las principales causas de destrucción de estos huesos. En Chile no existen estudios retrospectivos del conjunto de estas lesiones. Objetivos. El propósito de este trabajo es determinar la frecuencia de estas lesiones diagnosticadas y registradas en el Instituto de Referencia de Patología Oral (IREPO) de la Universidad de Chile en dos grupo (more) s etáreos, así como analizar y comparar los datos obtenidos con aquellos publicados en otros estudios previos. Material y Método. Se revisaron los archivos del IREPO de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Chile correspondientes al período transcurrido entre 1976 y septiembre de 2004 y se determinó la frecuencia según edad, género y localización de cada una de estas entidades. Se hizo la comparación entre dos grupos etáreos (menor o igual a 15 años y mayores a 15 años). Los casos en que la información era insuficiente para ser analizada no fueron considerados. Todas las placas histológicas fueron reevaluadas de acuerdo a los criterios diagnósticos incluidos en la Tipificación Histológica de Tumores Odontogénicos de la OMS. Resultados. Se encontraron 2.944 quistes odontogénicos (QO), de los cuales 1.935 (65,7%) fueron quistes inflamatorios y 1.009 (34,3%) quistes del desarrollo. Con respecto al total de los quistes, hubieron 1.554 (52,8%) en hombres y 1.390 (47,2%) en mujeres. De las variedades reconocidas por la OMS, se encontraron la totalidad de ellas. Los quistes más frecuentes fueron: quistes radiculares 1.494 (50,7%); quistes dentígeros 546 (18,5%); queratoquistes 421 (14,3%) y quistes residuales 328 (11,1%). Estas cuatro variedades representan el 94,7% del total de los QO, con 2.789 casos. En población menor o igual a 15 años predominan los quistes del desarrollo (354) por sobre los quistes Inflamatorios (155), siendo los más frecuentes los quistes dentígeros con 240 casos. Abstract in english Introduction: Odontogenic cysts constitute a group of frequent intraosseous lesions characteristic in the maxillary bones and one of the main causes of the destruction of these bones. In Chile there are no retrospective studies of these lesions as a whole. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the frequency of these lesions in so far as they were diagnosed and registered in the Referral Institute for Oral Pathology (IREPO) of the University of Chile in two (more) age groups as well as to analyze and to compare the data obtained with the data published in previous studies. Material and Method: We studied the records from IREPO of the University of Chile for the period between 1976 and September, 2004; and we determined the frequency according to age, gender and site of each of these lesions. We compare two age groups: younger than or equal to 15 years old and older than 15 years old. Those cases in which the information did not suffice for the purposes of analysis were not considered. All the histological slides were reclassiffed according to the diagnostic criteria included in the Histological Typification of the World Health Organization. Results: We found 2.944 odontogenic cysts (OC), of which 1.935 (65.7%) were inflammatory cysts and 1.009 were developmental cysts. Out of this total, there were 1.554 cysts (52.8%) in men and 1.390 (47.2%) in women. The most frequent cysts were 1.494 radicular cysts (50.7%), 546 dentigerous cysts (18.5%), 421 keratocysts (14.3%) and 328 residual cysts (11.1%). These four varieties represent 94.7% of the OC , that is, 2789 cases. In the population younger than or equal to 15 years of age the developmental cysts (354 cases) are more frequent than the inflammatory cysts (155 cases), the most frequent being dentigerous cysts (240 cases).

Abstract in english OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence of testicular and epididymal appendages in patients with cryptorchidism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 65 patients with cryptorchidism, totalizing 83 testes and 40 patients who had prostate adenocarcinoma and hydrocele (control group), totalizing 55 testes. The following situations were analyzed: I) absence of testicular and epididymal appendages, II) presence of testicular appendage only, III) presence of epididymal appendage, IV) pr (more) esence of testicular and epididymal appendage, V) presence of 2 epididymal appendages and 1 testicular appendage and VI) presence of paradidymis or vas aberrans of Haller. RESULTS: In patients with cryptorchidism we found testicular appendages in 23 cases (41.8%), epididymal appendages in 9 (16.3%), testicular and epididymal appendage in 8 (14.5%), 2 epididymal appendages and 1 testicular in 1 (1.8%) and absence of appendages in 14 (25.4%). In the control group, we found testicular appendages in 29 (34.9%), epididymal appendages in 19 (22.8%), testicular and epididymal appendage in 7 (8.4%), and absence of appendages in 28 (33.7%), we did not find 2 epididymal appendages in this group, and none of the patients in the 2 groups presented paradidymis or vas aberrans of Haller. CONCLUSION: The occurrence of testicular and epididymal appendages is quite variable. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence and distribution of the testicular and epididymal appendages between patients with cryptorchidism and those from the control group.

A case of torsion of the testis which was untwisted operatively is reported here. Post-operatively, successful detorsion was confirmed by testicular isotope scan. The testicular isotope scan was also performed on three patients complaining testicular pain and its clinical significances are briefly discussed.

... Guide » What's new in testicular cancer research and treatment? Share this Page Close Push escape to close share window. Print Share Save Saved this Article Close Push escape to close saved articles window. My Saved Articles » My ACS ... What`s new in testicular cancer research and treatment? Previous Topic If treatment for testicular cancer stops ...

Nanotechnology has been increasingly utilized for the targeting and delivery of novel therapeutic agents to different tissues and cell types. The current therapeutic options for testicular disorders fall short in many instances due to difficulty traversing the blood?testis barrier, systemic toxicities, and complicated dosing regiments. For testicular tissue, potential targeting can be obtained either via anatomic methods or specific ligands such as luteinizing hormone or follicle-stimulating hormone analogs. Potential novel therapeutic agents include DNA, RNA, cytokines, peptide receptor antagonists, peptide receptor agonists, hormones, and enzymes. Nanotherapeutic treatment of testicular cancer, infertility, testicular torsion, orchalgia, hypogonadism, testicular infections, and cryptorch...

Primary testicular failure is characterized by low serum testosterone with appropriately high serum gonadotrophins, that is hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism. We report on a 27-year-old man with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and infertility due to testicular adrenal rest rumours (TART) resulting in primary testicular failure but presenting with azoospermia, elevated serum testosterone and very low serum gonadotrophins. Hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism was unmasked by increasing glucocorticoid dosage. It is important to recognise the limitations of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone and testosterone in assessing testicular function in men with CAH. Abnormal semen analysis may be the best indicator of testicular dysfunction in men with CAH. PMID:22734073

Abstract in portuguese O carcinoma epidermoide representa 90% a 95% das neoplasias malignas da cavidade oral, responsável por 13.470 casos/ano. OBJETIVOS: Correlacionar a expressão do p53 e Ki-67 nos carcinomas epidermoides de cavidade oral e língua com o estado linfonodal, sexo, grau histológico, volume tumoral e estadiamento patológico. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo retrospectivo de 28 casos de carcinomas epidermoides da cavidade oral e língua. Estes foram submetidos à té (more) cnica de imunoistoquímica para verificar a expressão dos anticorpos p53 e Ki-67 e compará-los estatisticamente quanto ao status linfonodal, sexo, grau histológico, volume tumoral e estadiamento patológico. RESULTADOS: O p53 analisado individualmente mostrou significância estatística (p Abstract in english Epidermoid carcinomas represent from 90% to 95% of oral cavity malignant neoplasias, making up 13,470 cases/year. AIMS: To correlate p53 and Ki-67 expressions in mouth and tongue carcinomas with lymph node status, gender, histological grade, tumor volume and pathological stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study of 28 cases of mouth and tongue epidermoid carcinomas. They were submitted to immunohistochemical study in order to check the expression (more) of p53 and Ki-67 antibodies and statistically compare them in terms of lymph node status, gender, histological grade, tumor volume and pathological staging. RESULTS: The individually analyzed p53 proved to have statistical significance (p

A 42-year-old man referred to our hospital with the chief complaint of a solid mass of right scrotal contents. As ultrasonography revealed a right testicular tumor, right high orchiectomy was performed and the pathlogical diagnosis was testicular seminoma. At the age of 35-year-old, he was admitted to another hospital for male infertility due to azoospermia. Because left testicular tumor was found, left high orchiectomy was performed, with right testicular biopsy and testicular sperm extraction of the right testis at the same time. Pathological diagnosis revealed left testicular seminoma and no malignancy of the right testicular biopsy specimen. After the second operation, he has been receiving androgen replacement therapy, with no evidence of tumor recurrence. PMID:21894083

Abstract in spanish Hay una serie de lesiones (quiste dermoide, frenillo vestibular, frenillo lingual, orejas alatas, apéndices preauriculares, fístulas preauriculares, hendidura cervical media, linfangioma quístico cervical, fístulas y quistes branquiales, quistes del conducto tirogloso, politelia, pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum, hernia umbilical, hernia epigástrica, granuloma umbilical, hernia inguinal, hidrocele, criptorquidia, varicocele, fimosis, sinequia vulvar, himen imperfor (more) ado, hidrometrocolpos, quistes de Skene, prolapso de uretra, carúnculas himeneales, sarcoma botrioides, etc.) cuyo diagnóstico es esencialmente visual y con un tratamiento que puede ser quirúrgico. Se plantean sus características para el diagnóstico clínico y se indica si el tratamiento debe ser quirúrgico, cuál es el adecuado para cada una de ellas, así como el momento idóneo de intervención. Abstract in english There are a series of injuries (dermoid cyst, vestibular frenum, lingual frenum, stick out ears, preauricular appendages, preauricular fistula, media cervical fissure, cystic cervical lymphangioma, branchial fistulas and cysts, thyroglossal cyst, polythelia, pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum, umbilical hernia, epigastric hernia, umbilical granuloma, inguinal hernia, hydrocele, cryptorchidism, varicocele, phymosis, vulvar synechia, imperforated hymen, hydrometrocolpos, Sk (more) ene cysts, urethral prolapse, hymen caruncules, botyroid sarcoma, etc.) where the diagnosis is essentially visual and may require surgical treatment. We consider their characteristics for the clinical diagnosis and whether the treatment should be surgical or not, which is the most suitable for each of them, as well as the ideal time for the operation.

Abstract in spanish Se presenta un caso clínico de quiste dermoide abordado en forma conservadora vía laparoscópica conteniendo maxilar superior y trece dientes, se discute su cuadro clínico, diagnóstico y tratamiento Abstract in english A case is presented of conservative laparoscopic excision of an ovarian dermoid cyst which contained a superior mandible with thirteen teeth. The clinical issue, diagnosis and treatment are discussed

Abstract in spanish Introducción. La enfermedad poliquística del hígado es una enfermedad de predominio en la mujer, en la cual se encuentran múltiples quistes en el hígado y el riñón que producen síntomas por su crecimiento y efecto de masa. Materiales y métodos. Se escogió una paciente vista en consulta externa del hospital de Yopal remitida del servicio de urgencias por una masa en el abdomen y disminución de la ingestión alimentaria de 8 meses de evolución, cuya tomografía (more) abdominal mostraba quistes hepáticos gigantes y quistes renales. Resultados. Se realizó resección del techo de tres quistes hepáticos en ambos lóbulos hepáticos y punción guiada por ecografía para esclerosar un cuarto quiste gigante de localización central, con lo cual mejoró la sintomatología de dolor y masa, y la tolerancia a la vía oral. Discusión. El manejo quirúrgico por laparoscopia de la enfermedad poliquística del hígado es factible, aun en los quistes localizados en segmentos posteriores en donde el abordaje laparoscópico está contraindicado por algunos grupos. También es posible su manejo combinado con drenajes percutáneos para esclerosar los quistes, según la localización y la función hepática, para preservar el tejido hepático sano en pacientes con función hepática anormal. Abstract in english Introduction. Policystic liver disease is an infrequent entity that predominantly affects women, characterize by the presence of multiple cysts in the liver and kidney that produce compression by mass effect. Materials and methods. The patient is a 53 year old woman that was first seen in the outpatient clinic referred by the Hospital de Yopal because of an abdominal mass, diminished food intake during the past eight months, whose CT scan showed giant cysts in the liver a (more) nd cysts in the kidneys. Results. Unroofing of three cysts located in both hepatic lobes and echographic-guided sclerosis of a fourth giant cyst of central location was performed; there was much improvement of symptoms of pain and sensation of mass, with betterment in the nutritional intake. Discussion. Surgical management by laparoscopic technique of the polcystic disease of the liver is feasible, even in cases where cysts are located in the posterior segments where laparoscopic approach has been contraindicated by some authors. It is also possible to treat these patients by a combined method of percutaneous drainage for sclerosing the cysts, always considering their location and the state of hepatic function, so as to preserve healthy hepatic tissue in patients with abnormal liver function.

A 63-year-old man presented with an unusual supracallosal epidermoid cyst with repetitive hemorrhages that initially manifested as severe headache in 2003. Physical examination found no neurological deficit. Computed tomography demonstrated a homogeneously high density mass lesion measuring 3 × 3 cm in the supracallosal area, and the clinical diagnosis was cavernous malformation. No change occurred in neurological findings except for headache, but the lesion underwent hemorrhages several times over a 4-year period and increased in size to 4 × 5 cm. Surgery revealed a pearly cyst filled with old blood and debris. Histological examination disclosed keratinizing, stratified squamous epithelium without hair follicles or sebaceous glands, consistent with the diagnosis of epidermoid cyst. Surgery was successfully performed without complications such as akinetic mutism, motor weakness, or chemical meningitis. The present case suggests that epidermoid cyst should be considered in the differential diagnosis of suspected cavernous malformation in any location.   

Intracranial epidermoid tumors are rare, potentially curable, benign lesions that are sometimes associated with perioperative complications, and tend to recur if not completely removed. Histologically benign epidermoid tumors may also develop into highly malignant tumors. This study evaluated on 28 cases of intracranial epidermoid tumor treated over a 13-year period by radical resection with microneurosurgical techniques. The majority of patients underwent computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging within the first 24 hours postoperatively to confirm the results of surgery. Radical surgical resection was achieved in 21 of the 28 cases, and there was no operative mortality. The most common postoperative complication was transient paresis of various cranial nerves. During a mean follow up of 6 years, only one tumor became malignant. Radical surgical resection should be the goal in treating these benign lesions, but if not possible, every effort should be made to minimize the amount of tumor tissue that remains.   

A 5 yr old female spayed mastiff was evaluated for a 3-4 mo history of paraparesis and 3 days of acutely worse paraparesis and incontinence. On magnetic resonance imaging, a spinal cord lesion was present at the ninth thoracic vertebra. The lesion was hyperintense on T2-weighted images (T2-W), and a hyperintense rim was present on T1-weighted postcontrast images. Histologic examination showed a cystic mass lined by squamous epithelial cells. Histopathologic diagnosis was an intramedullary epidermoid spinal cyst. Epidermoid cyst should be a differential diagnosis in young dogs with a myelopathy and an intramedullary spinal cord lesion on magnetic resonance imaging examination. PMID:22058362

Abstract in spanish Se presentan 5 casos clínicos de pacientes atendidas en la consulta de patología de cuello del Hospital Provincial Ginecoobstétrico "Mariana Grajales Coello" de Santiago de Cuba por presentar sangrado vaginal, dolor en bajo vientre, leucorrea y lesiones vaginales. El estudio anatomopatológico confirmó el diagnóstico de carcinoma de células escamosas o epidermoide. Abstract in english Five case reports of patients who were assisted at the cervix Pathology Department from "Mariana Grajales Coello" Provincial Gynecological Obstetrical Hospital in Santiago de Cuba due to vaginal bleeding, low abdominal pain, leukorrhea and vaginal injuries are presented. The pathological study confirmed the diagnosis of squamous or epidermoid cells carcinoma.

Abstract in spanish Objetivos. Estudiar las características y evolución de los tumores epidermoides de pene. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo sobre los tumores epidermoides de pene tratados en nuestro centro entre 1981 y 2005. Resultados. Se diagnosticaron 16 tumores epidermoides de pene. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 71,7 años (intervalo entre 54 y 90 años). En el 80% de los casos se diagnostican en estadios avanzados (T3 y T4). Las formas de presentaci? (more) ?n más habituales son las lesiones ulcerosas (53%) y papilares (33%), siendo el diámetro medio de la lesión de 2,3 cm, y la localización más frecuente el glande (53%) y el surco balano prepucial (33%). Se realizaron 7 escisiones locales, 8 penectomías parciales, una penectomía total, y una escisión más tratamiento local con 5-fluoracilo. Con una media de seguimiento de 24 meses se produjeron 5 recidivas, principalmente en pacientes sometidos a escisión local de la lesión (p = 0,06 test de log-rank). Conclusiones. El carcinoma epidermoide de pene es una lesión tumoral propia de edades avanzadas que se diagnostica tardíamente y se trata de manera poco agresiva, por lo que son frecuentes los estadios avanzados y las recidivas. Abstract in english Objetives. To study the characteristics and evolution of the epidermoid penis tumours. Material and methods. It was carried out a retrospective study on the epidermoid penis tumours treated in our center between 1981 and 2005. Results. 16 tumours penis epidermoides were diagnosed. The average age of the patients was of 71,7 years (interval between 54 and 90 years). In 80% of the cases they are diagnosed in advanced stadiums (T3 and T4). The most habitual presentation form (more) s are the ulcerous lesions (53%) and papilar (33%). The average diameter of the lesion was 2,3 cm, and the most frequent localization the glands (53%) and balano prepucial (33%). They were carried out 7 local scissions, 8 partial penectomies, onetotal penectomy, and an local scission pluslocal treatment with 5-fluoracile. With a followup of 24 months 5 relapses took place, mainly in patients subjected to local excision of the lesion (p = 0,06 log-rank test). Conclusions. The epidermoid carcinoma of the penis is a tumoral lesion characteristic of advancedages that is diagnosed later and treated in not very aggressive way. Therefore it is frequent the advanced stadiums and the tumour relapses.

A 10-year-old girl presented with a brainstem epidermoid cyst manifesting as dysphagia and post-prandial vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a cystic mass in the brainstem with associated hydrocephalus. She was treated under a presumptive diagnosis of abscess until the definitive histological diagnosis was established at the fourth admission. In spite of four interventions, she remained in good condition with minimal cranial nerve pareses. Subtotal removal of the epidermoid cyst in the brainstem results in recurrence within a relatively short period, especially in children. Total resection of the tumor is the optimum treatment. The differential diagnosis includes abscess, cystic glioma, and neurenteric cyst.   

Abstract in spanish Objetivo: Presentación de un caso clínico de torsión testicular intauterina. Métodos/Resultados: Varón de tres días de vida que consulta por dolor y aumento de hemiescroto izquierdo, diagnosticado de torsión testicular intrauterina. Se procede a realización de extirpación del teste afecto y fijación contralateral. Conclusiones: Analizamos los casos hasta ahora publicados y hacemos referencia a las dificultades diagnósticas y las opciones terapéuticas. La torsi (more) ón testicular puede confundirse con otras patologías como tumores, infartos testiculares, hidroceles, etc. Siempre ha de considerarse como una urgencia quirúrgica . La fertilidad del varón puede estar comprometida para el futuro. Abstract in english Objective: We present the clinical case of an intrauterine testicular torsion. Methods/Results: Three days old boy complaining of testicular pain and scrotum enlargement with the diagnosis of intrauterine testicular torsion. Left testicular extirpation and right fixation were performed. Conclusions: We analyze cases reported, clinical diagnosis and therapeutic options. Testicular torsion can be misdiagnosed with other pathologies like tumors, testicular infarctions, hydro (more) cele, etc. We should always consider it a surgical emergency. The future fertility of the patient can be compromised.

Abstract in spanish Objetivo: Presentar el caso de un tumor testicular germinal bilateral sincrónico de distinta histología. Método/ Resultado: Se trata de un paciente de 37 años que durante un estudio ecográfico, por sospecha de tumor testicular izquierdo, se apreció una tumoración testicular contralateral sincrónica. Se practicó orquiectomía inguinal bilateral y en el posterior estudio anatomopatológico se confirmó la presencia de la tumoración testicular bilateral de distinto (more) componente histológico. Conclusión: Alrededor del 75% de los casos de tumoración testicular bilateral son metacrónicos, presentándose únicamente el 10% con diferente histología. El tipo histológico suele correlacionarse con el aspecto ecográfico, y el tratamiento de elección de un paciente con patología oncológica de este tipo es la orquiectomía inguinal bilateral. Abstract in english Objective: To report one case of bilateral synchronic germ cell testicular tumour of different histology. Methods/Results: 37-year-old patient with left testicular tumor under study was found to have a contralateral synchronic testicular tumor on ultrasound. Bilateral inguinal orchiectomy was performed and pathology reported the presence of bilateral testicular tumours of different histological type. Conclusions: Around 75% of the cases of bilateral testicular tumours are (more) metachronic, with only 10% presenting different histology. Histological type often correlates with the ultrasound findings, and the treatment of choice in patients with this type of oncological pathology is bilateral inguinal orchiectomy.

Left testicular vein anatomy has received more attention due to the presence of competent or incompetent venous valves and bypassing anastomoses, which are involved in venographic diagnosis and embolisation of varicocele. The left gonadal vein develops, in both males and females, between the 5th and 7th intrauterine weeks, being derived from the distal or postrenal portion of the left subcardinal vein. The varicocele aetiologic hypothesis leads to ontogenetic disturbances in the development of the secondary venous system. Retrograde testicular venography shows the precise anatomy of the left pampiniform plexus, while anterograde testicular venography identifies the presence of the valve and possible continence. In the present case sclerotherapy could not be achieved due to testicular vein anomalies. Sclerotherapy versus surgical high ligature of the left testicular vein in cases of left idiopathic varicocele with testicular vein anomalies is discussed. PMID:11963626

Abstract in spanish FUNDAMENTO: La finalidad de este trabajo es analizar la fertilidad de los quistes hidatídicos de origen ovino, especie de gran interés epidemiológico en la hidatidosis, y la adecuación del gerbillo (Meriones unguiculatus) como modelo experimental para el estudio "in vivo" de dicha hidatidosis, fase preliminar de posteriores estudios terapeúticos. MÉTODOS: Se ha realizado un estudio de la fertilidad y viabilidad de quistes hidatídicos procedentes de pulmones e híga (more) dos de ganado ovino de Castilla y León a través del examen y evaluación de una serie de parámetros entre los que figura la producción de una hidatidosis secundaria experimental en animales de laboratorio. RESULTADOS: El índice quístico total obtenido fue de 8,57 quistes por ovino infestado (5,97 quistes por pulmón infestado y 5,57 quistes por hígado infestado). El porcentaje de fertilidad obtenido en los quistes hidatídicos de origen ovino que contenían protoescólex viables "in vitro" fue del 43,97% (43,02% en los quistes pulmonares y 46,16% en los quistes hepáticos). La viabilidad "in vivo" de los protoescólex seleccionados se puso de manifiesto al producirse en el 100% de los gerbillos infectados una hidatidosis secundaria experimental. CONCLUSIONES: Se destaca la validez de los criterios utilizados para estudiar la viabilidad "in vitro" de los protoescólex procedentes de quistes hidatídicos de origen ovino. La hidatidosis secundaria producida en gerbillos nos conduce a considerarlos como especie de experimentación adecuada para la investigación "in vivo" de la hidatidosis de origen ovino. Abstract in english BACKGROUND: The purpose of this work is to analyze the fertility of the hydatid cysts from ovine, animal species of great epidemiological interest in the hydatid disease, and the ability of the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) as model experimental for the study "in vivo" of this hidatyd disease as preliminary phase of therapeutic studies. METHODS: It has been carried out a study of the fertility and viability of hydatid cysts from lungs and livers of ovine from Castilla an (more) d Leon by examination and evaluation of parameters among these is the production of a secondary hydatid disease in laboratory animals. RESULTS: The total cystic index was 8.57 cysts by infested ovine (5.97 cysts by infested lung and 5.57 cysts by infested liver). The fertility percentage obtained in hydatid cysts from ovine with "in vitro" viables protoescoleces was 43.97% being 43.02% in pulmonary cysts and 46.16% in hepatic cysts. The viability of protoscoleces was demonstrated by production of a secondary hydatid disease in 100% of gerbils infested. CONCLUSIONS: It is emphasized the validity of the criteria used to study the viability "in vitro" of the protoescoleces from hydatid cysts of origin ovine. The secondary hydatid produced in gerbils leads us to consider them as experimental animal for investigation "in vivo" of hydatid disease of origin ovine.

Brucellosis is an endemic disease in Turkey, and testicular abscess is a rare and frequently misdiagnosed complication of brucellosis. In the literature there are only seven reported cases, and all were treated with both medical and surgical therapy. We report a case of brucellar testicular abscess treated with medical therapy only. Although the patient recovered clinically at the end of 6 weeks, the regression of the testicular lesion could not be observed until after 5 months.

Crossed testicular ectopia is a rare anomaly, characterised by migration of one testis towards the opposite inguinal canal. In most reported cases, the correct diagnosis was not made pre-operatively. We report a case of transverse testicular ectopia diagnosed pre-operatively with MRI. MRI and MR venography demonstrated unilateral location of both testes in the right inguinal canal, which was confirmed by surgery. We provide a brief literature review of transverse testicular ectopia and the imaging of undescended testis. (orig.)

Abstract in spanish El linfoma testicular primario es un tumor testicular infrecuente, suponiendo no más del 9% de los tumores testiculares en las series con mayor incidencia; a su vez el linfoma testicular como tumor hematopoyético es infrecuente, con una incidencia del 1% de los linfomas, pero debido a su histopatología en la mayoría de los casos de alta malignidad, les hace ser de los tumores testiculares más agresivos. La edad de aparición es por encima de los 60 años, convirtién (more) dose en el tumor más frecuente para este grupo de edad. La falta de series amplias, hace que no exista un protocolo establecido para el tratamiento de esta patología. Presentamos un nuevo caso, realizando revisión de la bibliografía presentando las tendencias terapéuticas actuales para este tipo de patología. Abstract in english Primary testicular lymphoma is an uncommon testicular tumour that accounts for no more than 9% of all testicular tumours in those series with higher incidence; testicular lymphoma as haematopoietic tumours are also rare accounting for just 1% of all lymphomas; but due to their highly malignant histopathology they may become highly aggressive tumours. Patient age at presentation is over 60 years old which makes it the most frequent tumour for this age group. There is no st (more) andard protocol to treat this malignancy due to lack of extensive series. We contribute one case and make a literature review discussing the current therapeutic trends for this disease.

Primary leiomyosarcoma of the testis is a rare condition with only 13 cases reported. We present a case of primary intra-testicular leiomyosarcoma in a 45 year old patient who presented with painless testicular enlargement. Ultrasound revealed a large heterogeneous right testicular solid mass with moderate hydrocele and huge retroperitoneal mass. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-HCG) were normal. A right radical orchidectomy with histopathology confirmed primary leiomyosarcoma of testis. A leiomyosarcoma should be one of the differential diagnosis of a sero-negative testicular mass. PMID:22356039

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The pathophysiology of testicular torsion-detorsion is ischemia-reperfusion injury of the testis. In the course of testicular ischemia and reperfusion, overgeneration of reactive oxygen species is a major initiating component of the testicular spermatogenic injury. Reactive oxygen species regulate many genes whose expression affects cell-cycle regulation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. The transcription factor cAMP-responsive element modulator-t (CREMt) plays an essential role in spermatogenesis. Psoralea corylifolia, a medicinal herb with anti-oxidative activity, has been used to treat male reproductive dysfunction in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, we investigated the effect of Psoralea corylifolia on testicular torsion/detorsion-induced i...

Testicular torsion is one of the common causes of acute scrotal pain. This review discusses the clinical and sonographic findings of intravaginal and extravaginal testicular torsion, including the normal sonographic and vascular anatomy of the testis. The role of color flow Doppler and spectral Doppler is also emphasized in the patient’s complete, incomplete, and intermittent testicular torsion. Sonographic features of testicular torsion mimics, such as vasculitis, venous thrombosis, scrotal edema, and technical parameters, are also presented. A brief description of new developments such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound, dynamic contrast magnetic resonance imaging, and near-infrared imaging is included.

Idiopathic testicular infarction without torsion of spermatic cord is a rare condition. We present a 12-year-old boy originally suspected of acute epididymo-orchitis, but subsequently an orchiectomy was necessary owing to unpredicted testicular infarction not associated with torsion. Elevation of immunoglobulin M against mycoplasma, reduction in serum factor XIII and the presence of sufficient blood flow detected by color Doppler ultrasonography upon initial manifestation suggested that the boy was affected by epididymo-orchitis associated with Henoch-Schonlein purpura or mycoplasma infection. However, progressive testicular enlargement was observed and subsequently testicular blood flow became barely detectable. Our case indicates that the presence of sufficient blood flow upon initial di...

BACKGROUND Testicular peritubular cells form an ill-characterized cellular compartment of the human testis, which forms a border with Sertoli cells and spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). A recently developed culture method has identified parts of the secretory repertoire of human testicular peritubular cells (HTPCs), which includes nerve growth factor. Whether peritubular cells produce glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and may thus contribute to the stem cell niche is not known. METHODS We studied GDNF production in isolated peritubular cells from men with normal spermatogenesis (HTPCs) and impaired spermatogenesis and testicular fibrosis (HTPC-Fs). Human testicular biopsies and peritubular cells in culture were evaluated using immunohistochemistry, laser microdissection (L...

Purpose Although optimizing endogenous testosterone production before testicular sperm extraction is commonly practiced, whether improved preoperative testosterone levels enhance sperm retrieval remains unclear. We evaluated the influence of preoperative medical therapy in men with nonobstructive azoospermia before microdissection testicular sperm extraction. Materials and Methods A total of 1,054 men underwent microdissection testicular sperm extraction from 1999 to 2010. Patients with preoperative testosterone levels less than 300 ng/dl were treated with aromatase inhibitors, clomiphene citrate or human chorionic gonadotropin before microdissection testicular sperm extraction with the goal of optimizing testosterone levels. Patient demographics, preoperative testosterone levels, sperm re...

Abstract in spanish Fueron investigados los parámetros testicular y epidídimario de las cabras Sahel en la zona húmeda de Nigeria. Se utilizaron para el experimento 20 cabras (30-54 meses) con un peso entre 23,48-32,03kg. Se midió la circunferencia escrotal de las cabras. Los animales fueron sacrificados y se recolectaron los testículos, así como el epidídimo de cada uno. Fueron medidos el peso de los testículos, diámetro testicular, longitudes testicular y epididimaria utilizando u (more) na cinta métrica no extensible. Estos parámetros fueron correlacionados entre sí y los valores obtenidos a cada lado de testículos y epidídimos fueron comparados entre sí. La circunferencia escrotal se correlacionó positivamente con el peso testicular (r = 0,769, P Abstract in english The testicular and epididymal parameters of Sahel bucks in the humid zone of Nigeria was investigated. Twenty goats (30-54 months) weighing 23.48-32.03kg were used for the experiment. The scrotal circumference of the buck was measured. The bucks were then slaughtered and the testicles as well as the epididymides collected. The testicular weight, testicular diameter, testicular length and epididymal length were measured using a non-stretchable measuring tape. These paramet (more) ers were correlated with one another and the values of the right testis and epididymis were compared with those of the left. The scrotal circumference was positively correlated with the testicular weight (r = 0.769, P

Abstract in spanish Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de los diagnósticos clínico y citológico en los quistes congénitos cervicofaciales. Método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes con diagnóstico clínico, citológico y/o histológico de quiste tirogloso, branquial y dermoide, atendidos en el Hospital Universitario «Arnaldo Milián Castro», durante cinco años. Se calculó la sensibilidad, especificidad y seguridad del diagnóstico clínico y la biopsia por aspi (more) ración con aguja fina (FNAC) para cada quiste. Resultado: La seguridad del diagnóstico clínico fue de 94,1%, 92,2% y 98% para los quistes tirogloso branquial y dermoide respectivamente. Encontramos mayor tendencia al error clínico en los quistes branquiales, donde las confusiones más frecuentes se presentan con linfoadenopatías inflamatorias. La seguridad de la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina fue de 96,1% y 94,1% para los quistes tirogloso y branquial respectivamente. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico clínico no es suficiente en ocasiones, por lo que es preciso recurrir a medios diagnósticos complementarios, como la biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina; sin embargo esta prueba no es 100% segura. Abstract in english Objective: To determine the effectiveness of clinical and cytological diagnosis in congenital cysts located in head and neck. Method: We were carried out a retrospective study of patients with clinical, cytological or histological diagnosis of thyroglossal, branchial and dermoid cyst, assisted in the University Hospital Arnaldo Milián Castro", during five years. It was calculated the sensibility, specificity and security of the clinical diagnosis and the Fine Needle Aspi (more) ration Biopsy for each cyst. Result: The security of the clinical diagnosis it was respectively of 94,1%, 92,2% and 98% for the thyroglossal, branchial and dermoid cysts. We find bigger tendency to the clinical error in branchial cysts, where the most frequent confusions are presented with inflammatory linfoadenopathy. The security of the Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy was of 96,1% and 94,1% for the thyroglossal and branchial cysts respectively. Conclusions: Clinical diagnosis is not enough in occasions, for what is necessary to appeal to means complementary diagnoses, as the Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy; however this test is not 100% sure.

EWI-2, a cell surface immunoglobulin SF protein of unknown function, associates with tetraspanins CD9 and CD81 with high stoichiometry. Overexpression of EWI-2 in A431 epidermoid carcinoma cells did not alter cell adhesion or spreading on laminin-5, and had no effect on reaggregation of cells plated...

Interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) is a recombinant protein widely used in the therapy of several neoplasms such as myeloma, renal cell carcinoma, epidermoid cervical and head and neck tumours and melanoma. IFNalpha, the first cytokine to be produced by recombinant DNA technology, has emerged as an importa...

Zinc finger transcription factors of the Snail/Slug and ZEB-1/SIP1 families control epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in development in cancer. Here, we studied SIP1-regulated mesenchymal conversion of epidermoid A431 cells. We found that concomitant with inducing invasive phenotype, SIP1 inhibited...

We have examined the A431 (human epidermoid carcinoma) and HT29 (human colorectal carcinoma) cellular responses evoked by lectins of dietary origin, Jacalin of Artocarpus integrifolia (native jacalin; nJacalin), peanut agglutinin (PNA) of Arachis hypogea, and recombinant single-chain jacalin (rJacal...

The authors report the analysis of determining factors of global survival and of survival without recurrence within a cohort of 166 patients treated by post-operative irradiation for an epidermoid carcinoma of the upper aero-digestive tract. The analysis reveals the impact of capsular effraction on global survival and justifies a radiotherapy boost and a concomitant chemotherapy. Short communication

The most common location of intracranial epidermoid is the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). The present study compared the visibility of epidermoid at the CPA in various pulse sequences. Seven patients with epidermoid at the CPA underwent conventional MR imaging (T1-, T2- and proton density-weighted imaging) as well as diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging. Fast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, magnetization transfer contrast (MTC) sequences, and MR cisternography were employed for selected patients. The signal intensity of the lesions relative to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the degree of lesion demarcation and the displacement of surrounding structures were evaluated. Proton density-weighted imaging depicted the lesions as hyperintense to CSF with clearer delineation than T1- and T2-weighted imaging. Diffusion-weighted imaging depicted all lesions as strongly hyperintense relative to CSF and brain tissue. FLAIR sequences depicted the lesions with mixed signal intensities but with poor-to-medium demarcation. MTC imaging increased delineation of the lesions to some degree. MR cisternography depicted the lesions as hypointense to CSF and clearly showed the anatomical relation to neighboring nerves and vessels. We concluded that diffusion-weighted imaging could specifically reveal an epidermoid at the CPA as a strongly hyperintense lesion, and that MR cisternography is mandatory for preoperative planning.   

Presented is the case of an extra axial epidermoid tumor that ruptures the dura mater invading the right front parietal region. its behavior is described in the study by means of CT and MR. Discussed are the most appropriate MR images for the discrimination of this tumor. (Author) 18 refs.

The genomic gene coding for the human beta 2-adrenergic receptor (beta 2AR) from A431 epidermoid cells has been isolated. Transfection of the gene into eukaryotic cells restores a fully active receptor/GTP-binding protein/adenylate cyclase complex with beta 2AR properties. Southern blot analyses wit...

Abstract in spanish El quiste del conducto de Nuck o hidrocele femenino, llamado también divertículo, fue descrito por Antón Nuck. Se define como un divertículo del peritoneo parietal que se extiende al canal inguinal acompañando al ligamento redondo de la mujer que generalmente se encuentra obliterado. En otras palabras, el quiste de Nuck es la contraparte femenina del hidrocele en el hombre. Esta patología de los genitales externos femeninos es vista con poca frecuencia. Presentamos un caso y su solución por vía quirúrgica. Abstract in english The cyst of the canal of Nuck or female hydrocele, also known as a diverticulum, was described by Anthon Nuck. It is a diverticulum of parietal peritoneum which extends  into the inguinal canal with the round ligament that is usually obliterated. The cyst of Nuck represents the female part of the hydrocele in the man. This external genital pathology is a rare condition in females. We present a case and the surgical solution.

Abstract in spanish Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 52 años de edad, que ingresó en el Centro Nacional de Cirugía Endoscópica a causa de un dolor constante y sensación de pesadez en el bajo vientre, además de trastornos dispépticos. Después de los estudios de laboratorio e imaginológicos se diagnosticó un quiste de ovario derecho de 5-8 cm y varios cálculos menores de 10 mm en la vesícula biliar. Durante la intervención quirúrgica se encontró un quiste (ecolúcido), necr (more) osado, adherido al mesocolon e independiente del ovario. Se practicó su exéresis y una colecistectomía. Por resultar una localización infrecuente de un quiste de ovario, se decide exponer las características clínicas y los resultados quirúrgicos y anatomopatológicos de este caso a la comunidad científica nacional e internacional. Se hace referencia además a la posibilidad que brindó el acceso por cirugía laparoscópica de realizar procedimientos asociados en un mismo paciente: colecistectomía y exéresis del quiste de ovario errante. Abstract in english The case of a female patient aged 52 is presented, admitted in the National Endoscopy Surgery Center due to a persistent pain and heaviness sensation in the lower stomach as well as dyspeptic disorders. After laboratory and imaging studies a cyst in right ovary of 5-8 mm diameter (echolucid), necrotic and adhered to mesocolon was diagnosed. A exeresis and a cholecystectomy were performed. Due to its infrequent location of a ovarian cyst the clinical features and the surgi (more) cal and anatomical and pathological results are presented to national and international scientific community. Authors also make reference to the possibility allowed by the laparoscopic surgery approach to carry out procedures associated in a same patient: cholecystectomy and exeresis of erratic ovarian cyst.

Abstract in spanish El quiste dermoide representa menos del 0,01 % de todos los quistes de la cavidad bucal. Su ubicación más frecuente es en suelo de boca. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 19 años de edad que hacía aproximadamente 7 años había notado un aumento de volumen debajo de la lengua, el cual le crecía paulatinamente y ya se apreciaba por fuera de la cara. Además, le ocasionaba molestias al hablar y al masticar. Se realizaron estudios complementarios y bajo an (more) estesia general nasotraqueal. Se procedió a su exéresis quirúrgica mediante un abordaje intrabucal, donde se obtuvieron excelentes resultados estéticos y funcionales. El diagnóstico histopatológico se correspondió con un quiste dermoide de suelo de boca. La paciente no ha tenido recurrencia de la lesión transcurridos tres años de la operación. El quiste dermoide de suelo de boca se presenta como una tumoración benigna de la línea media. La exéresis intrabucal demuestra beneficios estéticos y funcionales. Abstract in english The Dermoid cyst account for the 0.01 % of all cysts of buccal cavity. Its more frequent location is in the mouth floor. This is the case of a female patient aged 19 who approximately 7 years noted an increase of volume under tongue growing gradually and noting outside face and the discomfort at to speak and to chew. Complementary studies were conducted and under general anesthesia a surgical exeresis was carried out by intrabuccal approach achieving excellent esthetic an (more) d functional results. Histopathologic diagnosis matched with a dermoid cyst of mouth floor. Patient has not lesion recurrence after three years after operation. We conclude that the Dermoid cyst of mouth floor appear as benign tumor of middle line. The intrabuccal exeresis demonstrates esthetic and functional benefits.

Abstract in spanish Introducción: La hidatidosis es una enfermedad endémica en nuestro país, producida por el céstodo Echinococcus granulosus. El pulmón es el segundo órgano más afectado en el humano. Objetivo: Revisar Ios resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de Ia hidatidosis pulmonar en el Hospital Base Osorno y analizar su presentación, tratamiento quirúrgico y resultados de sus formas complicada y no complicada. Material y Métodos: Serie de casos retrospectiva de pacientes co (more) n hidatidosis pulmonar intervenidos en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Base Osorno entre enero de 2001 y mayo de 2011. Resultados: Se revisaron Ios datos de 27 pacientes (21 hombres y 6 mujeres) con 39 quistes hidatídicos pulmonares en total. El promedio de edad fue 35 ± 16,2 años. El promedio de quistes porpaciente fue de 1,4 ± 0,6. Cuatro pacientes (15%) presentaron enfermedad bilateral. Quince pacientes (55,5%) presentaron quistes complicados y 12 (44,5%) no complicados. La fiebre y Ia tos fueron significativamente más frecuentes en Ios pacientes con quistes complicados (p Abstract in english Introduction: Hydatidosis is an endemic disease in our country caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus. The lung is the second most affected organ in humans. Objective: To review the results of surgical treatment of pulmonary hydatidosis in Hospital Base Osorno and analyze its presentation, surgical treatment and results of complicated and uncomplicated forms. Material and Methods: Retrospective case series of patients with pulmonary hydatidosis operated at the Surg (more) ery Department of Hospital Base Osorno betweenjanuary 2001 and may 2011. Results: We reviewed data from 27 patients (21 men and 6 women) with 39 pulmonary hydatid cysts in total. The average age was 35 ± 16.2. The average number of cysts per patient was 1.4 ± 0.6. Four patients (15%) had bilateral disease. Fifteen patients (55.5%) had complicated cysts and 12 (44.5%) had uncomplicated cysts. Fever and cough were significantly more frequent in patients with complicated cysts (p

Abstract in spanish Los quistes dentígeros suelen ser, en la mayor parte de los casos, un hallazgo casual; por lo general se descubren al investigar la no erupción de un diente permanente. Ocupan el segundo lugar en frecuencia de aparición en los maxilares después del quiste radicular. Cuando el seno maxilar es invadido por estos quistes los síntomas usualmente aparecen tardíos en el proceso. Estos pueden incluir dolor facial, parestesia como consecuencia de la presión sobre un nervio (more) , dolor de cabeza, trismo, trastornos de la gustación y congestión nasal. Por lo infrecuente de la localización maxilar y la corta edad de la paciente nos vimos motivados a revisar lo más reciente de la bibliografía que aborda este tema y a presentar el caso clínico de una paciente femenina de 17 años que fue diagnosticada y tratada por presentar un quiste dentígero en dicha ubicación. Se enfatiza en la importancia del correcto diagnóstico y el establecimiento de una terapéutica concordante en cada caso. Abstract in english Dentigerous cysts are a casual finding in most of cases, in general discovered in investigation of a not eruption of permanent tooth. These occupy the second place in appearance frequency in maxillaries after radicular cyst. When maxillary sinus is invaded by these cysts, symptoms usually appear late in the process. These could include facial pain, paresthesia as consequence of pressure on nerve, headache, trismus, taste disorders and nasal congestion. Due the infrequent (more) of the maxillary location and the short age of patient we reviewed the more recent of bibliography on this subject and to present the clinical case of other female patient aged 17 diagnosed with and treated by dentigerous cyst in such location, emphasizing on the significance of a appropriate diagnosis and establishment of a therapy in accord in each case

Testicular descent is a unique physiological adaptation found in therian mammals allowing optimal spermatogenesis below core body temperature. Recent studies show that INSL3, produced by Leydig cells, and its receptor LGR8 (RXFP2) are essential for mediating the transabdominal phase of testicular de...

There is concern that public education about testicular cancer (TC) may cause unnecessary anxiety. Psychological theory suggests that if threat (eg, TC) information is accompanied with threat control strategies (eg, testicular self-examination; TSE) anxiety is less likely. Male students (N=443) were...

In boars, the primary determinant of daily sperm production is number of Sertoli cells, which establishes testicular weight. The only breed comparison of fetal testicular development in boars contrasted two diverse breeds, White composite (WC, Landrace-Yorkshire) with Meishan, a Chinese breed that u...

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of sildenafil citrate on testicular injury after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D). Thirty-seven adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: sham operated group (group 1), T/D+ saline (group 2), T/D+ 0.7 mg sildenafil citrate (group 3) and T/D+ 1.4 mg sildenafil citrate (group 4). Testicular torsion was created by rotating the right testis 720° in a clockwise direction for 2 h in other groups, except for group 1, which was served as sham group. The level of GSH (P testis in the group 2 were significantly lower (P testis were significantly higher when compared with those of the group 1. Administration of low dose sildenafil citrate prevented the increases in MDA and NO levels and decreases in GSH values induced by testicular torsion. However, administration of high dose sildenafil citrate did not have any effect on these testicular tissue parameters (P > 0.05). Also, mean values of seminiferous tubules diameters, germinal cell layer thicknesses and mean testicular biopsy score were significantly better in group 3 than groups 2 and 4. These results suggest that T/D injury occurred in testis after unilateral testicular T/D and that administration of low dose sildenafil citrate before detorsion prevents ischemia/reperfusion cellular damage in testicular torsion. Sildenafil citrate probably acts through reduction of reactive oxygen species and support antioxidant enzyme systems. PMID:21749432

Granulosa cell tumors can be classified into juvenile and adult types and more commonly occur in ovaries. Adult testicular granulosa cell tumors are extremely rare and only 29 cases of adult type have previously been reported. We report here a 28-year old Caucasian man with a left testicular adult t...

Testicular arteries arise from the abdominal aorta and the inferior suprarenal artery from the renal artery. There are reports about variant origin and course of these arteries. Accessory testicular artery is also a common finding but its providing origin to inferior suprarenal artery is an importan...

The relationship between cryptorchidism and testicular tumors has been well established in canines, and the tumor has been proposed as a model for studying its human counterparts. Herein we report canine malignant retroperitoneal seminoma in a 4-year-old castrated Basset hound, most likely without testicular involvement, similar to that of the classic seminoma of humans.   

Abstract in portuguese Este estudo visou avaliar o padrão ultrassonográfico do parênquima testicular de touros jovens da raça Nelore, desde a fase peripuberal até a puberdade, estabelecer padrões fisiológicos e também verificar se existe diferença de ecogenicidade entre animais púberes e pré-púberes na mesma idade. Foram realizados exames ecográficos dos testículos de 19 bovinos aos 10, 12, 14, 16 e 18 meses de idade. O padrão ultrassonográfico do parênquima testicular mostrou- (more) se homogêneo e com ecogenicidade moderada. A ecogenicidade testicular aumentou em proporção direta com a idade dos animais. Não houve diferença significativa entre a ecogenicidade testicular de animais púberes e pré-púberes na mesma idade. Abstract in english The aim of this study was to evaluate the testicular parenchyma of young Nelore bulls through standard ultrasound, in order to establish the physiological standards, as well as differences in echogenicity between pre-pubescent and pubescent animals of the same age. Testis of 19 young Nelore bulls were evaluated by ultrasonography at 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 months old. Homogeneous and moderate testicular parenchyma echogenicity was observed in all animals. Testicular echogen (more) icity increased with the age of the animal. There were no significant differences in testicular echogenicity between pre-pubescent and pubescent animals with the same age.

We report on bilateral traumatic testicular dislocation with pelvic injury. Both testes were dislocated in the superficial perineal region and 1 of 2 testes had prolapsed at the perineal region. To our knowledge, this type of bilateral traumatic testicular dislocation has not been previously described. PMID:21458036

Objective To report the experience in sperm extraction from testicular biopsies (TESE) performed from March 1996 to July 1998 in men with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Methods Comparisons of age, volume of both testes, serum FSH and testosterone in men, and histology of testicular samples in th...

Teratomas have been induced in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) by intra-testicular injections of 3% zinc chloride solution during a period of testicular growth artificially stimulated by increased photoperiod. These tumours resemble those previously induced by similar methods in domestic...

Abstract in spanish El quiste parauretral o quiste del conducto de Skene es una rara anomalía congénita descrita en neonatos de sexo femenino. Se trata de una formación quística que se muestra como una tumoración redonda, amarillenta o anaranjada, que se presenta adyacente al meato externo uretral. Su incidencia en la población se cifra entre 1 de cada 2.000 y 1 de cada 7.000 recién nacidos vivos femeninos. Sin embargo, sólo se recogen 47 ejemplos anteriores en la literatura en ingl? (more) ?s. Es posible que el desconocimiento de esta patología entre la población médica y su benignidad produzcan fallos diagnósticos que infravaloren esta incidencia. Aunque existen autores que apoyan el tratamiento quirúrgico del quiste para lograr su curación, más aún a partir de los 6 meses de edad, la mayoría se ponen de acuerdo en la indicación de un tratamiento expectante dada la tendencia a la resolución espontánea. Abstract in english The paraurethral cyst or Skene´s duct cyst is a rare congenital anomaly in the female newborn. It appears like a round, yellow or orange-colored cystic mass on either side of the urethral meatus. The reported incidence is 1 in 2.000 to 7.000 female births. The low frequency of the Skene´s duct cyst and the little awareness of it and its benignity may lead to wrong diagnosis that underestimates its incidence. There are authors that agree with surgical treatment of paraurethral cyst to obtain an early resolution, even though a majority agrees to manage conservatively.

Abstract in spanish Caso clínico: Varón de 32 años aquejado de pérdida visual en ojo derecho (OD) secundario a un quiste que ocupa la mitad de la cámara anterior, diagnosticado clínicamente de quiste secundario epitelial de iris. Tres años antes había sufrido un traumatismo penetrante. Se realiza aspiración con aguja, viscodisección y fotocoagulación ab externo, logrando una rápida recuperación visual sin secuelas funcionales ni anatómicas. A los seis meses la agudeza visual pe (more) rmanece estable sin recidiva de la lesión. Discusión: El manejo quirúrgico conservador mediante aspiración y fotocoagulación en este caso fue eficaz y seguro en el tratamiento del quiste epitelial adquirido de iris. Abstract in english Case report: A 32-year-old man with recent visual loss in his right eye, was found to have an iris cyst involving about 50% of the anterior chamber. He had been treated three years previously for a penetrating injury to that eye. The cyst was treated by aspiration, viscodissection and ab-externo photocoagulation, with this achieving a rapid recovery of vision and good anatomic results. At the six month follow-up visit the visual acuity remains stable with no signs of recu (more) rrence of the cyst. Discussion: Conservative surgical treatment consisting of aspiration, viscodissection and photocoagulation appears to be an effective strategy to manage secondary anterior chamber cysts, achieving good anatomic and functional results.

Abstract in spanish El quiste nasolabial es un raro quiste no odontogénico, su origen embriológico es poco claro. Son lesiones de crecimiento extraóseo, que se presentan como una tumefacción que eleva el ala nasal, indoloro, desplazable y fluctuante. Se localiza en la apófisis alveolar cercana a la base del ala de la nariz. El tratamiento consiste en la enucleación quirúrgica de la lesión. En este artículo se presenta un caso de quiste nasolabial, que acomete a una paciente de sexo (more) femenino de 51 años de edad, de la cual se discuten los datos clínicos, aspectos diagnósticos, imagenológicos, histopatológicos, así como su tratamiento. Abstract in english The nasolabial cyst is a rare nonodontogenic cyst with its embryological origin little clear. They are extraosseous lesions with growth that appears like a swelling that lifts the nasal wing, painless, sliding and fluctuating. It is located in the alveolar apophysis near the base of the wing of the nose. The treatment consists of surgical enucleating of the lesion. This article presents a case of nasolabial cyst in a female patient of 46 years age, describing clinical, diagnostic, imaging, and histopathological aspects as well as the treatment employed.

Testicular torsion is one of the few emergencies in pediatric urology which requires an accurate and timely diagnosis in order to avoid testis loss. It is not an uncommon event affecting a young male population. In fact, testicular torsion is more common than testicular tumors for this same age group, yet testicular torsion has not been given the public attention it deserves as a male health risk. In this review we highlight the new information published over the past four years regarding testicular torsion. We will discuss a variety of topics associated with torsion including: medical legal issues, etiology and genetics, imaging diagnostics, innovative surgical techniques, management controversies, fertility, and new drug therapies. PMID:23044376

A common trunk of origin of the right testicular and middle suprarenal arteries with a retrocaval course was observed during the dissection of a male cadaver. The Common trunk (CT) arose from the anterior aspect of the abdominal aorta (AA) at the level of the right renal artery (RRA) and after a short course behind the inferior vena cava (IVC), the CT divided into right testicular and middle suprarenal arteries. The middle suprarenal artery (MSA) passed upwards behind the IVC to the right suprarenal gland. The right testicular artery (RTA) descended posterior to the RRA and anterior to the IVC. It then continued on its normal route distally with the right testicular vein. The awareness of such variations of testicular and middle suprarenal arteries and their unusual origin and course might...

Testicular and germ cell line morphology in rats were studied 2 weeks, 10 months and 14 months after cessation of a 61-day inhalation exposure to 1000 ppm n-hexane. Androgen biosynthetic capacity of testis, testosterone blood concentration, vas deferens morphology and noradrenaline (NA) concentration, epididymal sperm morphology, and fertility were also studied. Severe testicular atrophy involving the seminiferous tubules with loss of the nerve growth factor (NGF) immunoreactive germ cell line was found. Total loss of the germ cell line was found in a fraction of animals up to 14 months post-exposure, indicating permanent testicular damage. No impairment of androgen synthesis or androgen dependent accessory organs was observed. Simultaneous administration of 1000 ppm n-hexane and 1000 ppm toluene, or 1000 ppm n-hexane and 1000 ppm xylene, did not cause germ cell line alterations or testicular atrophy. Toluene and xylene were thus found to protect from n-hexane induced testicular atrophy. (orig.).

Abstract in english BACKGROUND: Although testicular cancer is the most common cancer among 18- to 50-year-old males, healthcare providers seldom teach testicular self-examination techniques to clients, thus potentially missing opportunities for early detection. This form of cancer is easily diagnosable by testicular self-examination and is 96% curable if detected early. Periodic self-examination must be performed for early detection. Knowledge deficits and sociocultural norms contribute to l (more) ow levels of health-related knowledge in most patients, resulting in undue delays before seeking medical advice. OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to assess the level of awareness of testicular cancer and the prevalence of the practice of testicular self-examination in academic environments to enable appropriate interventions. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 750 consecutive males aged 18-50 years in three tertiary institutions in Port Harcourt from October 2008 to April 2009. RESULT: Knowledge or awareness of testicular cancer was poor. Almost all of the respondents were unaware that testicular lumps may be signs of cancer. A lump was typically construed as a benign carbuncle or something that could resolve spontaneously. The main factor contributing to respondents' lack of knowledge of testicular cancer was that few reported that they were "ever taught about testicular self-examination." CONCLUSION: Young adult men are unaware of their risk for testicular cancer, which is the most common neoplasm in this age group. Healthcare providers are not informing them of this risk, nor are they teaching them the simple early detection technique of self-examination of the testes.

Abstract in spanish La condilomatosis vulvoperineal es una entidad muy frecuente en mujeres en edad reproductiva; recomendándose realizar la tipificación del virus papiloma humano, dada la relación de algunos subtipos con el carcinoma epidermoide a nivel ginecológico. Se presenta el caso de una paciente femenina de 39 años que consultó por presentar una lesión exofítica, verrugosa que ocupa labios mayores y menores de la vulva, clítoris, introito vaginal y región perianal; de la cu (more) al se toma biopsia incisional reportando papilomatosis por virus papiloma humano, sin evidencia de atipias. Se lleva a quirófano realizando dermovulvectomía, cuya biopsia definitiva reportó carcinoma epidermoide invasor bien diferenciado, focal, con bordes resección libres; se completa con disección inguinal bilateral superficial y profunda sin evidencia de lesión metastásica ganglionar. Se realizó tipificación viral por reacción de cadena de polimerasa resultando VPH 16. A 20 meses de seguimiento, no hay evidencia clínica ni citológica de lesión recurrente. Es importante realizar la tipificación viral de estas lesiones por su relación con el carcinoma epidermoide de la vulva. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura. Abstract in english The vulvoperineal condylomatosis it?s a very frequent disease in reproductive age young women; it?s recommended to realize the viral typification, because the relation between some human papillomavirus subtypes with gynaecology epidermoid cancer. We present the case of a 39 years old female patient who consulted to present a exofitic injury, warty that occupies the majora and minora labia of the vulva, clitoris, vaginal vestibule and perianal region; from which incision (more) al biopsy was taken, reporting papilomatosis by human papillomavirus, without evidence of atypias. Patient went to operating room to receive a dermovulvectomy, whose definitive biopsy reported invasive epidermoid carcinoma well differentiated, focal, with free resection margins; it is completed with superficial and deep bilateral inguinal dissection without evidence of metastasic nodal involment. Viral tipificación by reaction of polymerase chain reaction was made being VPH 16. To 20 months of fall up, there are not clinical or cytological evidence of recurrent lesions. It is important to make the viral tipificación of these lesions by its relation with the epidermoid carcinoma of the vulva. A revision of literature was made.

Abstract in spanish Para estimar las concentraciones de oocistos de Cryptosporidium y quistes de Giardia en los abastecimientos de agua de la ciudad de San Pedro Sula, se examinaron muestras del agua en junio de 1996. Cada muestra se concentró y se marcó con un anticuerpo inmunofluorescente indirecto y los parásitos se contaron mediante análisis microscópico. En tres abatecimientos de agua, las concentraciones de oocistos de Cryptosporidium alcanzaron un recorrido de 58 a 260 oocistos p (more) or 100 L, mientras que los quistes de Giardia se encontraron en concentraciones de 380 a 2100 quistes por 100 L. Al contrario de las muestras de agua superficial, el agua subterránea tuvo mayor concentración de oocistos de Cryptosporidium (26/100 L) que de quistes de Giardia (6/100 L), lo que sugiere que el acuífero subterráneo protege mejor al abastecimiento de agua contra los quistes de Giardia, que son más grandes. Las concentraciones de oocistos de Cryptosporidium estuvieron dentro del recorrido típico de los abastecimientos de agua en Norteamérica, pero los de Giardia fueron más elevados. Deben tomarse medidas para proteger el agua sin depurar de las fuentes de contaminación. Abstract in english During June 1996, water supplies of the city of San Pedro Sula, Honduras, were sampled to obtain an assessment of Cryptosporidium oocyst and Giardia cyst concentrations. Each sample was concentrated and stained with an indirect immunofluorescent antibody, and parasites were counted through microscopic analysis. In three surface water supplies, Cryptosporidium oocyst concentrations ranged from 58 to 260 oocysts per 100 L, and Giardia cysts were present in concentrations ra (more) nging from 380 to 2100 cysts per 100 L. Unlike the surface water samples, groundwater had a higher concentration of Cryptosporidium oocysts (26/100 L) than Giardia cysts (6/100 L), suggesting that the groundwater aquifer protects the water supply more effectively from larger Giardia cysts. Cryptosporidium oocyst concentrations are within the typical range for surface water supplies in North America whereas Giardia cyst concentrations are elevated. Efforts should be made to protect raw water from sources of contamination.

Abstract in spanish Se evaluó la calidad de los quistes de Artemia persimilis (Piccinelli & Prosdocimi 1968) procedentes de las salinas de las provincias de Buenos Aires, La Pampa y Córdoba. Para ello, se determinaron las tallas de huevos, número de quistes por gramo, tallas de nauplios, porcentajes y tiempos de eclosión, tiempos de sincronía (Ts), luego del tratamiento con H2O2 y el análisis de la calidad nutricional de los quistes en lo referente a proteínas, lípidos totales, ácid (more) os grasos, cenizas y humedad. Los resultados fueron satisfactorios, con porcentajes de eclosión que variaron, en general, entre un 60% y 80% y Ts que no superaron las 7,5 h. El diámetro promedio con el desvío estándar de los quistes hidratados, tuvo valores entre 184,7±26,29 ?m (Salina El Chancho) y 248,6±17,29 ?m (Salina Colorada Grande). El número de quistes por gramo varió entre 102.600 (Salinas Grandes de Anzoátegui) y 276.000 (Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo). La talla promedio con el desvío estándar de los nauplios varió entre 350,6±36,01 ?m (Salina El Chancho) y 512,1±63,44 ?m (Salina Colorada Grande). El tratamiento de los quistes con H2O2, redujo los Ts. Con respecto a la calidad nutricional, se obtuvieron valores comparables a los que se comercializan actualmente. Se puede afirmar que los quistes de Artemia persimilis podrían ser utilizados como alimento en acuicultura Abstract in english The cysts quality of Artemia persimilis (Piccinelli & Prosdocimi 1968) from the salines of the provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa and Cordoba, was evaluated. Eggs size, number of cysts per gram, nauplius size, hatching percentages, hatching rate, synchrony time (Ts) after the treatment with H2O2 and analysis of the nutritional quality the cysts regarding protein, total lipids, fatty acids, ash and moisture were determined. The results were satisfactory, with hatching per (more) centages varying, in general, from 60% to 80% and with Ts that didn't overcome 7.5 h. The average diameter with the standard deviation of the hydrated cysts, were between 184.7±26.29 µm (Salina El Chancho) and 248.6±17.29 µm (Salina Colorada Grande). The number of cysts per gram varied from 102,600 (Salinas Grandes de Anzoátegui) to 276,000 (Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo). The average size, with the standard deviation of the nauplius, varied from 350.6±36.01 µm (Salina El Chancho) to 512.1±63.44 µm (Salina Colorada Grande). The cyst treatment with H2O2 reduced the time of synchrony. With regard to the nutritional quality, the values obtained can be compared to the ones presently traded. It can be affirmed that the cysts of Artemia persimilis could be used as food in aquaculture

Abstract in english Aiming to determine the relationship between the frequency of testicular shape and the andrological aspects in young Nellore bulls, 18,676 animals were assessed. All andrological examinations were performed between the years 2000 and 2008. Animals were classified as able for breeding, able for breeding in natural mating system, unable for breeding and discarded. The testicular shape was classified as long, fairly long, oval-long, spherical-oval, and spherical. The analysi (more) s of Pearson correlations was performed for testicular shape with scrotal circumference, testicular volume, progressive motility, sperm vigor, major defects, minor defects and total defects. Testicles with oval shape prevailed (99.61%). It was obseved that 76.34; 66.34; 64.34; 58.33 and 50.00% of the animals were classified as sound for breeding for shapes long, fairly long, oval-long, spherical-oval, and spherical, respectively. Correlations between testicular shape with scrotal circumference, testicular volume, progressive motility, sperm vigor, major, minor and total defects were 0.26; 0.08; 0.00; 0.11; -0.02; 0.02 and -0.01, respectively. Testicular shape had no influence upon the andrological examination results. Testicles of long shape were prevalent within the population.

Scrotal imaging with technetium-99m sodium pertechnetate consists of a radionuclide angiogram and static scrotal scans. Utilization of this study in patients presenting with an acute scrotum can dramatically reduce the number of surgical explorations for acute epididymitis. It can also aid in other aspects of differential diagnosis in patients presenting with either an acutely enlarged and/or painful scrotum or a scrotal mass. Ambiguities in previous descriptions of perfusion through the spermatic and extraspermatic cord vessels are described and distinguished from scrotal perfusion. The clinical and scintigraphic spectrum of testicular torsion, including spontaneous detorsion, early acute testicular torsion, midphase testicular torsion, and late phase or ''missed testicular torsion,'' is discussed and illustrated. The variety of patterns seen in acute epididymitis, including lateral and medial epididymal location, and focal epididymitis are described, as is the appearance of hydrocele as both a primary and secondary entity. The relationship of scrotal imaging to the overall clinical presentation and evaluation of these patients is emphasized in testicular torsion, torsion of the testicular appendages, epididymitis, abscess, trauma, tumor, spermatocele, and varicocele. The techniques, clinical utility, and relationship to radionuclide imaging of Doppler ultrasound and gray scale ultrasound scanning are reviewed. Doppler ultrasound results in many false negative studies in testicular torsion. Gray scale ultrasound is useful in clarifying the nature of scrotal masses.

The aim of this research was to study the individual variation with regard to the morphometry of the testes evaluated by ultrasonography and semen characteristics and to verify the existence of relationship between these variables in collared peccaries. In addition, the testes of the animals were evaluated by histology in order to determine the proportion occupied by the seminiferous tubules. A total of 52 ejaculates were obtained from ten adult specimens that had been restrained by anesthesia. The testicular measurements (length, height, and width) were performed by ultrasonography, and the testicular volume was calculated according to Lambert's formula. The scrotal circumference was measured by encircling the thickest portion of the testicle with a graduated nylon tape. The semen was collected by electroejaculation. Testicular fragments were analyzed through classic histology for the determination of the area occupied by the seminiferous tubules. The results show a great amount of individual variation with regard to testicular morphometry and semen characteristics. No significant correlations were obtained between testicular measurements and semen characteristics. The histometric analysis revealed that 67.8% of the testes are occupied by seminiferous tubules. Results show that the measurement of testicular dimensions does not serve as an indicator of the quality of semen obtained by electroejaculation in collared peccaries, as there is no correlation between testicular morphometry and semen characteristics in this species that presents large variations among individuals. PMID:22964034

In the present study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as an immune modulator in male adult rats and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), as a powerful biological antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, are examined to help understanding the role of the immune and redox perturbation in testicular dysfunction with a possible protection. A total of 60 male Swiss albino rats were divided into 5 groups (10/group) respectively as follows Saline, ALA-vehicle, ALA (200mg/kg), LPS (5mg/kg) started with 20 rats and LPS+ALA. Obtained data from previously reported study, in our laboratory, and from the present one revealed that LPS induced marked reductions in sperm's count, motility and resulted in deterioration of the testicular histological features. In addition, LPS decreased testicular reduced glutathione (GSH) level and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme-x (LDH-x) activity. However, it increased testicular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-HDG) in testicular DNA, along with increased serum IL-2 level. In contrast, rats pretreated with ALA showed almost complete normalization of all the tested parameters. In conclusion, LPS induced perturbation of the immune-testicular barrier as a result of redox imbalance with a subsequent testicular dysfunction. Pretreatment with ALA ameliorated all these effects by its immune-modulator and antioxidant mechanisms suggesting a protective role against male infertility in septic or severely infected patients. PMID:21195065

Abstract in spanish El plasmocitoma testicular es una neoplasia de células plasmáticas muy poco frecuente. Generalmente se trata de un hallazgo de autopsia carente de expresión clínica, aunque en algunas ocasiones puede constituir una manifestación de un mieloma múltiple y más excepcionalmente ser su única localización. La afectación bilateral es extremadamente infrecuente. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 58 años con mieloma múltiple en remisión que acude a consulta de urolo (more) gía por aumento progresivo del tamaño testicular bilateral. Tras realización de ecografía y PAAF testicular se diagnostica un plasmocitoma testicular bilateral. El tratamiento incluye cirugía (orquiectomía), radio y quimioterapia. El pronóstico de los pacientes depende de si se trata de un caso de plasmocitoma testicular solitario o con mieloma múltiple asociado. Abstract in english Testicular plasmacytoma is a very unfrequent plasma cells neoplasm. It is usually an incidental autopsy finding devoid of clinical expression, but it presents sometimes as part of a multiple myeloma and is exceptionally its only location. Bilateral involvement is extremely unfrequent. We report the case of a 58 years old man diagnosed with multiple myeloma in complete remission who complains about progressive enlargement of both testicles. After ultrasonography and PAAF, (more) bilateral testicular plasmacytoma is diagnosed. Treatment includes surgery (orchiectomy), radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Prognostic is worse when multiple myeloma is associated.

Abstract in spanish El caso que presentamos es el de un paciente de 53 años que, al no tratarse adecuadamente una fimosis, presentó un carcinoma epidermoide de pene y fue necesario realizar una amputación total de este órgano. Es sabido que en la actualidad ese tipo de enfermedad es prevenible y que su aparición se debe a una higiene genital inadecuada relacionada con la presencia de fimosis o prepucio redundante Abstract in english The case of a 53 years-old patient, who did not look for adequate treatment for phymosis and developed epidermoid carcinoma of the penis leading to the total amputation of this organ, was presented in this paper. It is known that this type of disease is preventable at present and that it occurs due to phymosis or redundant foreskin-related poor genital hygiene

Intradiploic epidermoid cyst is a benign lesion that is derived from the ectodermal cells of the cranium. It is a rare tumor, representing less than 1% of all primary intracranial tumors. It can be located in any part of the skull, but frontal and parietal bones are the most common sites for the cysts. It occurs from the first to the seventh decade of life. Because it is a slowly growing tumor, it is usually discovered incidentally and may remain asymptomatic for many years. Rarely, it grows intracranially to produce brain compression or undergo malignant change. For treatment, it is important to completely remove the capsule of the cysts to avoid recurrence. I describe a 25-year-old man with an intradiploic epidermoid cyst of the temporal bone, who underwent tumor removal and simple mastoidectomy. I also describe the unique radiologic findings of my case, which differed from those of cholesteatoma. PMID:21959487

Investigation into the morphology and development of the testicular vein in bovine was carried out with 85 male foetuses from the 8-40th week of pregnancy and with 10 newborns aged 1 to 10 days of life, the total being 95 preparations. The age of the foetuses was determined by Kantorova method complemented with those by other authors. The observations were made with using rubber latex introduced into the lumen of the tested veins by means of an automatic device of our own construction. It was found out that the developmental transformations of the testicular veins, initiated in the embryo, progress very dynamically in foetuses up to about the 20th week of pregnancy and them gradually slow down in older foetuses. Finally, in a fully formed testicular vein of the oldest foetuses and newborns there can be distinguished the proximal and distal part of this vessel. The proximal part carries the blood away from labile components of the testicular vein, the only exceptions being the aortic branch and the ureteral vein. Now, the solid components escape into the distal part of testicular vein. In the course of the distal part of the vessel there are its three basic plexuses, i.e. the testicular plexus, the marginal plexus of testicular vein and the largest of them--the pampiniform plexus of testicular vein. The blood from the last plexus is carried away into the main trunk of testicular vein by two anastomotic branches--lateral and medial. Of the veins examined the right one usually escapes to the caudal vena cava or to the deep circumflex iliac vein, while the left one to deep circumflex iliac vein or to the common iliac vein. PMID:2132658

Abstract in english OBJECTIVES: Analyze the anatomic variations of the testicular veins in human cadavers and fetuses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred male adult cadavers and 24 fetuses were studied. Four anatomic aspects were considered: 1) Number of testicular veins, 2) The local of vein termination, 3) Type and number of collaterals present and 4) Testicular vein termination angle. RESULTS: Cadavers - Right side - One testicular vein occurred in 85% and 2 veins in 5% of the cases. Ther (more) e were communicating veins with the colon in 21% of the cases. Left side - One testicular vein occurred in 82%, two veins in 15%, three veins in 2% and four veins in 1% of the cases. There were communicating veins with the colon in 31% of the cases. Fetuses - Right side -One testicular vein occurred in all cases. This vein drained to the vena cava in 83.3% of the cases, to the junction of the vena cava with the renal vein in 12.5% and to the renal vein in 4.2%. There were communicating veins with the colon in 25% of the cases. Left side - One testicular vein occurred in 66.6% of the cases, and 2 veins in occurred 33.3%. Communicating veins with the colon were found in 41.6% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The testicular vein presents numeric variations and also variations in its local of termination. In approximately 30% of the cases, there are collaterals that communicate the testicular vein with retroperitoneal veins. These anatomic findings can help understanding the origin of varicocele and its recurrence after surgical interventions.

1. Testicular blood flow (ml. 100 g-1.min-1; mean ± S.E. of the mean) measured in monkeys by 133Xe clearance was 15·9 ± 1·2 (twenty-six estimations on three monkeys; six testes) within 15 min of anaesthesia and 7·5 ± 0·8 (twelve estimates; four monkeys, eight testes), after 1-2 hr of anaesthesia; and, when measured by 85Kr clearance in the second hour of anaesthesia was 9·1 ± 3·7 (seven estimates; four monkeys, four testes). Testicular temperature was 32·9 ± 0·2° C (mean ± S.E. of mean) when deep body temperature was 37·2 ± 0·2° C. 2. Blood flow in the caput epididymidis was 27·4 ± 2·1 ml. 100 g-1.min-1 (mean ± S.E. of mean; four estimates). 3. Radioactivity accumulated in the ipsilateral testis and epididymis but not in the contralateral tissues, during the infusion of 85Kr saline into the testicular veins. 4. During [3H]testosterone infusions into the testicular veins, radioactivity was consistently higher in ipsilateral testicular arterial plasma than in plasma withdrawn simultaneously from the aorta in four of five experiments with no difference in one. After two such infusions, the radioactivity was up to 5 times greater in the ipsilateral testis and epididymis than in the contralateral tissues. 5. During one infusion of [125I]bovine serum albumin into the testicular veins, there was no accumulation of radioactivity in the ipsilateral tissues. 6. Testosterone concentrations (ng.ml-1; mean ± S.E. of mean) in plasma from seven anaesthetized monkeys which were sexually experienced were: testicular vein 53·22 ± 8·03 (eight estimates); testicular artery, 4·58 ± 0·94 (14); saphenous vein, 3·81 ± 0·68 (14). The corresponding values from four sexually inexperienced monkeys were 25·27 ± 2·11 (12); 2·89 ± 1·99 (12); aorta 2·76 ± 0·57 (12). 7. The results are discussed as evidence for vascular exchange of molecules between the testicular veins and artery in the spermatic cord.

The authors discuss the therapeutic aspects of the treatment of vulva cancers. This analytic retrospective study is based on a set of 15 patients who have been treated between 1996 and 2010, for an epidermoid cancer for 14 of them. Eleven of them have been irradiated. This rare cancer has a negative prognosis, mainly because of early ganglionary metastases. Radiotherapy (external or interstitial curie-therapy) is a prevailing therapeutic tool. Chemotherapy is emerging, notably concomitantly with radiotherapy. Short communication

We experienced two cases of epidermoid cysts, which were 60-90 mm in diameter with intracystic fat balls inside. The cysts were located in the floor of the oral cavity. A 31-year old male (case 1) suffered from difficulty of swallowing and deviation of the tongue toward the posterior wall of the oropharynx because of the giant cyst. MRI showed a giant cyst of more than 90 mm with a low intensity area in T1 and a high intensity area in T2, involving the spherical structures, in the sublingual space. A 25-year old female (case 2) suffered from the swelling of the floor of the oral cavity and difficulty in breathing when she lay down in the supine position. MRI showed similar findings, compared to case 1. The histopathological diagnosis in both patients was an epidermoid cyst which was treated with surgery. It has been reported that the epidermoid cyst, the dermoid cyst and the teratoid cyst usually occur in the anus and the ovary. It is unusual to find epidermoid and dermoid cysts in the floor of the mouth. When it comes to the surgery, there are two ways to remove the tumor, based on its location. The intraoral approach is chosen for tumors located in the rostral to the suprahyoid muscles. The other is the extraoral approach (skin incision) for the tumor on the muscles. However, the standard method of the surgery for those giant tumors has not been established. The extraoral approach was chosen for the giant cysts in the present study, to avoid leaving any relic of the cyst wall. Recurrence has not been observed for 6 months after the surgery.   

Purpose: to evaluate the toxicity, the local control rate and the survival of patients suffering of an epidermoid carcinoma of the anal margin treated by curative and conservative irradiation. Conclusion: the excision should be reserved for small tumors away from the anal canal. The curative radiotherapy is recommended for the tumors with incomplete resection and for that ones of big volume or localised near the anal canal. (N.C.00.

Abstract in spanish La encefalitis límbica paraneoplásica es un síndrome que se caracteriza clínicamente por alteraciones de comportamiento, trastornos de memoria reciente y crisis epilépticas. Presentamos el caso clínico de un varón de 62 años, ex-fumador, que ingresa en UCI por un cuadro de crisis convulsivas, presentando anteriormente cambios en el carácter. Los estudios practicados resultaron negativos a excepción de LCR con hiperproteinorraquia y RNM que mostraba lesiones en e (more) l lóbulo temporal . Una vez descartadas otras posibles etiologías, iniciamos despistaje de neoplasia oculta. No se evidenció tumor en las pruebas de imagen habituales. Los anticuerpos anti-Hu resultaron negativos. Se realizó tomografía de emisión de positrones (TEP) de cuerpo entero que reveló un foco de hipercaptación a nivel faringolaríngeo. La biopsia fue diagnóstica de carcinoma epidermoide del seno piriforme. En nuestro conocimiento es el primer caso de ELP asociada a carcinoma epidermoide del seno piriforme. Abstract in english Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis is a syndrome characterised by behaviour changes, short-term memory loss and seizures. We report on a case of a 62-year-old man, ex-smoker who was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with seizures, and who had previously experienced behaviour changes. Tests revealed nothing notable, except for the CSF examination which revealed elevated protein and MRI findings indicating temporal lobe abnormalities. Once other diagnoses had been ruled o (more) ut, neoplasm screening was initiated. Conventional imaging failed to identify the tumour. Antineuronal anti-Hu antibodies were negative. Finally, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) whole body -PET imaging was carried out revealing a pathologically increased glucose metabolism at the pharynx-larynx level. The biopsy showed an epidermoid carcinoma of the pyriform sinus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an epidermoid carcinoma of the pyriform sinus associated with paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis.

A 26-year-old man presented with an epidermoid tumor of the fourth ventricle manifesting as headache with nausea and vertigo. Neurological examination revealed no cerebellar signs, except nystagmus. Bilateral vestibular impairment was identified by the caloric test. The tumor was removed via the midline suboccipital approach. The bilateral peripheral vestibular function recovered remarkably postoperatively. This marked improvement suggests that the bilateral vestibular impairment was caused by compression of the vestibular nuclei by the tumor.   

A 71-year-old woman presented with the symptoms of a posterior cranial fossa mass. CT and MRI revealed a lytic lesion in the occipital bone and a tumour infiltrating the dura mater, venous sinuses and cerebellum. Histopathology demonstrated a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma arising from a primarily intradiploic epidermoid cyst. Despite surgery and radiotherapy, the tumour progressed and the patient died 1 year later. (orig.) With 4 figs., 11 refs.

BackgroundDivision of lymphatic vessels during varicocelectomy could lead to hydrocele formation and decrease in testicular function due to testicular edema. We determined if the use of methylene blue combined with optical magnification reduces the incidence of post-varicocelectomy hydrocele. MethodsConsecutive patients treated for varicocele at our institution were evaluated for inclusion. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either subinguinal varicocelectomy after 2 ml intratunical space injection of methylene blue and group 2 in whom no mapping technique was adopted during subinguinal varicocelectomy. After surgery, the patients were assessed at 2 weeks, 6 and 12 months for hydrocele, testicular edema, varicocele recurrence, atrophy, pain or other complications with mean fol...

Objectives:? To assess the effect of peripheral nerve stimulation on neuropathic testicular pain. Material and Methods:? A 30-year-old man with a four-year history of chronic testicular pain following scrotal hydrocele surgery had two percutaneous leads implanted in his groin and low-frequency stimulation of the cutaneous branch of the ilioinguinal and genital branch of the genitofemoral nerves. Result:? At seven-month follow-up, the pain intensity had declined from 9/10 to 2/10 on the numeric rating scale. Conclusion:? We report the successful implantation of an ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerve stimulator for sustained suppression of intractable neuropathic testicular pain. PMID:22257117

Localization and identification of a nonpalpable testis can be done accurately by testicular venography. The identification of the pampiniform plexus is essential to the localization of the testis by this method. We evaluated 15 patients 3-39 years of age with 21 nonpalpable testes. Fourteen successful testicular venograms were performed showing four retroperitoneal testes, four testes within the inguinal canal, and two testes located in the superficial inguinal pouch. Three nonpalpable testes were thought to be due to true agenesis, and one venogram was performed after prior surgical removal of the testis. Catheterization of the left testicular vein was accomplished with greater ease and accuracy (79%) to the right side (42%). PMID:19965

Because acute scrotal pain, swelling, and/or inflammation are a potential surgical emergency, prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial. The 3 most common etiologies of acute scrotal pain in the pediatric age group are epididymitis, torsion of the appendix testis, and testicular torsion. There are numerous other causes of scrotal pain, which include hernia, hydrocele, trauma, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, idiopathic scrotal edema, and neoplasm, but only testicular torsion requires emergent surgery. History and physical examination, along with adjunctive imaging, can provide important keys to the diagnosis. This article reviews the differential diagnosis and management of the acute scrotal pain in the pediatric population, specifically focusing on testicular torsion, epididymitis, and torsion of...

PurposeCurrent management strategies for prenatal torsion include observation alone, delayed contralateral orchiopexy and emergent contralateral orchiopexy. Bilateral torsion is now being reported with more frequency and approximately a third of these patients have asynchronous torsion. We highlight the role of scrotal exploration in neonates diagnosed with bilateral asynchronous testicular torsion. Materials and MethodsWe reviewed the clinical experience from 2000 to present of 2 senior pediatric urologists to identify cases of bilateral perinatal testicular torsion. Asynchronous torsion was identified by the varying physical findings of each testicle at exploration. A literature review was done to evaluate the evolving management of perinatal testicular torsion. ResultsSix cases of bilat...

ObjectiveTo establish a baseline incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in testicular sperm of fertile men and to determine the best control sample for comparisons with azoospermic males to estimate their reproductive prognosis. DesignProspective study. SettingInfertility clinic. Patient(s)Sixteen obstructive azoospermic (OA) and 19 nonobstructive azoospermic patients (NOA). Control samples were ejaculated sperm from ten fertile donors and testicular sperm from ten other fertile donors. Intervention(s)Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in sperm. Main Outcome Measure(s)Sperm numerical abnormalities for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y; ongoing implantation and pregnancy rates in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Result(s)In control samples, testicular sperm showed highe...

Abstract Despite timely and successful surgery, 32% of patients with bilateral and 10% with unilateral cryptorchidism will develop azoospermia. Cryptorchid boys at risk of azoospermia display a typical testicular histology of impaired mini-puberty at the time of the orchidopexy. During mini-puberty increased gonadotropin and testosterone secretion stimulate transformation of gonocytes into Ad spermatogonia. In the azoospermia risk group this transformation is to a great extent impaired. This study aimed to analyze data on whole genome expression signatures of undescended testes at risk of developing azoospermia. Twenty-three testicular biopsies from 22 boys were analyzed (19 testes from 18 boys with cryptorchidism and 4 contralateral descended testes from patients with testicular agenesis)...

ObjectiveTo characterize the BET gene expression in human testis with spermatogenetic impairments; to examine BRDT protein expression in testis and semen. DesignProspective study. SettingFertility clinic. Patient(s)Azoospermic men (n = 120) who underwent testicular sperm extraction and who were classified as either normal spermatogenesis, mixed atrophy, spermatocyte maturation arrest, or Sertoli cells only according to their combined histologic and cytologic testicular findings and three normozoospermic men who donated sperm. Intervention(s)Evaluation of testicular biopsies by qualitative and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical staining, and analysis of spermatozoa by immunofluorescence. Main Outcome Measure(s)Expression of the four BET genes i...

The inside of an epidermoid is formed by masses of epithelial debris, desquamative keratin and cells derived from the epithelial capsule which accumulate very slowly within the capsule. As a result, the growth of the tumor is very slow, and the clinical signs are very diverse and bizarre because of the situation and extension of the epidermoids throughout the basal cisterns. A 52-year-old housewife was admitted to our clinic with complaints of dizziness and gait disturbance. The abnormal neurological findings were truncal ataxia, lt-trigeminal disturbance, lt-facial palsy, lt-hearing disturbance, lt-cerebellar signs (dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia) and nystagmus. CT scan revealed low density area in the prepontine cistern and lt-cerebello-pontine angle, which was not enhanced following intravenous injection of the contrast medium. Metrizamide CT cisternography showed staining of the tumor heterogeneously revealing a honeycomb appearance. MRI showed the tumor clearly as well as the severe atrophy of the lt-cerebellar hemisphere and the pontine basal area. In this case atrophy of the cerebellar hemisphere and pons may have resulted from being compressed by the tumor. Because of this, we think it necessary to stress that early diagnosis and operation of the epidermoid are very important. PMID:2812270

Magnetic resonance sequences may be designed to evaluate the diffusion movements of the protons (diffusion-weighted images, DWI). In these images, a bright signal identifies a region where the diffusion along a spatial axis is restricted. The contents of a cystic lesion frequently have the signal intensities of a generic homogeneous hyperproteinic fluid (hypointensity in T1-, hyperintensity in T2-weighted images). DWI may give further information about the microscopic organisation of these fluids: a hyperintense signal indicates the presence of a restricted diffusion, due to some kind of microscopic organisation, at the cellular or macromolecular level. This may provide additional information useful for clinical purposes. We obtained DWI in 24 consecutive patients with intracranial cystic lesions, (19 intra-axial: five abscesses, five gliomas, six metastases, two demyelinating lesions, one neurocysticercosis; five extra-axial: two arachnoid cysts, two epidermoid cysts, one cholesteatoma). We found a strongly hyperintense signal, indicating restricted diffusion, in brain abscesses, epidermoid cysts and cholesteatoma; all the remaining lesions were hypointense or mildly hyperintense. We found these data useful in critical diagnoses, such as in differentiating abscesses from tumours, and in identifying elusive tumours such as epidermoid cysts. (orig.)

A 43-year-old woman presented with ataxia and right-sided cranial nerve palsies. Ten years prior to admission, she was operated for a right cerebellopontine (CP) angle epidermoid. Computed tomography (CT) scan, using GE 9800, showed a large high-density mass without enhancement effect in the right CP angle. The density ranged between 60 and 66 Hounsfield units. Surgery revealed a recurrent epidermoid cyst containing a viscid, dark-green fluid without any cholesterol crystal or clots. Chemical analyses of the cyst content disclosed protein and lipid concentrations 25.6 g/dl and 1,275 mg/dl, respectively. Ion chromatography revealed only a trace of metal ions. Thin layer chromatography of the lipids showed high phospholipids and low triglyceride, indicating that the high density in this case was not caused by an intratumoral hemorrhage but by desquamation of the squamous epithelium with accumulation of sloughed debris. Two cases of high-density epidermoids subjected to protein analysis were found in the literature. From these data including the authors' it was shown that CT density correlated well with the protein concentration.

To report the sonographic findings of testicular involvement of tuberculous epididymitis. The sonographic findings of testicular involvement in twelve patients with histologically proven tuberculous epididymitis were retrospectively reviewed. The sonographic findings of testicular lesions are 1) an ill defined hypoechoic lesion (3 cases, 25.0%), 2) a well-demarcated hypoechoic lesion (3 cases, 25.0%),3) multiple and small hypoechoic nodules in the enlarged testis (2 cases, 16.7%), 4) indistinct margin between the testis and epididymis (2 cases, 16.7%) and 5) a diffusely enlarged testis with hypoechogenicity (2 cases, 16.7%).Nine patients had ipsilateral epididymitis, and 3 patients had bilateral epididymitis. Pus discharge through the draining sinus tract was noted in 4 cases (33.3%), and hydrocele in 8 cases (66.7%). No parenchymal calcification was seen in the involved testis. Sonographic findings of testicular involvement in tuberculous epididymitis were various

Among 1217 percutaneous retrograde phlebographies of the left renal/testicular vein 1069 were performed for primary treatment of left-sided idiopathic varicocele. In 989 of these patients (92.5%) an insufficient testicular (internal spermatic) vein with reflux to the pampiniform plexus could be shown phlebographically, in 802 cases percutaneous sclerotherapy could be performed. This amounts 75.0% of patients with varicocele or 81.1% of the cases with a phlebographically proven testicular vein insufficiency. In this group percutaneous sclerotherapy has proven to be a safe and effective treatment of idiopathic varicocele on an outpatient basis and has replaced surgical ligation as method of choice. However, with anatomical and technical obstacles to sclerotherapy, especially in patients with varicocele but without phlebographic evidence of an insufficient testicular vein, surgery remains an essential means of therapy. PMID:3008225

Among 1217 percutaneous retrograde phlebographies of the left renal/testicular vein 1069 were performed for primary treatment of left-sided idiopathic varicocele. In 989 of these patients (92,5%) an insufficient testicular (internal spermatic) vein with reflux to the pampiniform plexus could be shown phlebographically, in 802 cases percutaneous sclerotherapy could be performed. This amounts 75,0% of patients with varicocele or 81.1% of the cases with a phlebographically proven testicular vein insufficiency. In this group percutaneous sclerotherapy has proven to be a safe and effective treatment of idiopathic varicocele on an outpatient basis and has replaced surgical ligation as method of choice. However, with anatomical and technical obstacles to sclerotherapy, especially in patients with varicocele but without phlebographic evidence of an insufficient testicular vein, surgery remains an essential means of therapy.

Testicular teratoma typically consists of heterogeneous mixtures of diverse epithelial and stromal components. The biological nature and genetic characteristics of the fibrous stroma of testicular teratomas have not been thoroughly investigated. Chromosome 12p abnormalities are the hallmark genetic alterations of germ cell tumors. We studied chromosome 12p abnormalities in the fibrous stroma and other components of pure testicular teratomas from 32 patients using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. Overall, 72% (23/32) of pure testicular teratomas had chromosome 12p abnormalities. Isochromosome 12p or 12p overrepresentation independent of isochromosome 12p was detected in the fibrous stroma in 53% (17/32) and 41% (13/32) of cases, respectively. Among the 17 cases positive for is...

... a friend News For February 9, 2009 VIDEO: Marijuana Use May Increase Testicular Cancer Risk, Association Between ... bit more of that medication.” Keep it under control because there’s always going to be fluctuations, and ...

Aim: Even with prompt diagnosis and treatment, testicular torsion may lead to infertility and atrophy after testicular salvage. The aims of this study were to investigate the long-term protective effects of short-interval postconditioning on testicular atrophy and to optimize the reperfusion period. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male rats were divided into 5 subgroups: sham operated; torsion + detorsion; torsion + postconditioning, 5 seconds (PC5); torsion + postconditioning, 10 seconds; and torsion + postconditioning, 20 seconds. Torsion was created by rotating the left testis 1080^o counterclockwise and then fixing the testis to the scrotum with 3 sutures. Torsion was maintained for 4 hours. The testicular artery was visualized, and an atraumatic vascular clamp was applied to preven...

Testicular torsion is associated with damage to the testicular tissue as a result of ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and induction of apoptosis leading to progressive damage to spermatogenesis. Survivin is suggested to be an important regulator in the control of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, although its role in torsion-induced IRI is unknown. Therefore, we sought to evaluate testicular survivin expression after long term IRI induced by testicular torsion. Survivin expression was measured by real-time PCR in 6-12month old New Zealand white rabbits divided into three groups (4 animals/group): group (A) sham control, group (B) ischemia alone for 60min and group (C) ischemia for 60min followed by reperfusion for 6months. Germ cell apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay, Bax/Bcl-2 rat...

Objective: The aim of this work was to determine effects of intrapertoneally-administered sildenafil citrate (SC) for prevention testicular injury after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) in rats on red blood cell (RBC) and plasma lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and blood hematology. Study design: Thirty seven adult male wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: sham operated (group 1), T/D+saline (group 2), T/D+0.7mg SC (group 3) and T/D+1.4mg SC (group 4). Testicular torsion was created by rotating the right testis 720^o in a clockwise direction for 2h in all the groups, except for group 1. Results: Our results showed that that testicular injury significantly induced erythrocyte reduced glutathion (GSH) (p<0.05), malondialdehyde (MDA) in RBC (p<0.01) and plasma (p<0.0...

We present a child with both acute appendicitis and torsion of the right testis presenting at the same time. Testicular torsion possibly occurring due to vomiting in acute appendicitis so far has not been reported in the literature.

We present a child with both acute appendicitis and torsion of the right testis presenting at the same time. Testicular torsion possibly occurring due to vomiting in acute appendicitis so far has not been reported in the literature. PMID:11450774

Human exposures to phthalate ester plasticizer compounds are widespread. Studies in rodents have demonstrated that in utero exposure to various phthalates throughout sexual differentiation (GD14-18) results in decreased fetal testicular androgen production, and ultimately leads t...

... deferens, the testicular artery. I'm passing a Penrose drain underneath the spermatic cord at this point and ... is being placed on either end of the Penrose drain, spermatic cord is nicely elevated and easily visualized ...

Adverse secular trends in male reproductive health have been reported to be reflected in increased testicular cancer risk and decreased semen quality in more recently born men. These secular trends may also be reflected by changes in Leydig cell function.

In the clinical situation of an acute scrotum, differentiation between different reasons for scrotal pain may be crucial in certain cases. Beside clinical examination and laboratory tests, Color Doppler sonography is routinely applied. Testicular scintigraphy can only be suggested as a complementary tool if it is available as an emergency procedure. Acute testicular torsion that has already been reliably diagnosed by clinical examination is not an indication for testicular perfusion scintigraphy. This diagnostic procedure is, however, valuable if the clinical findings are equivocal and, especially, if a conservative treatment is planned. The method of and the results obtained with testicular scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of acute scrotal pain are briefly described in this article. (orig.)

Anogenital distance is a marker for endocrine disruption in animal studies in which decreased distance has been associated with testicular dysfunction. In this study we investigated whether anogenital distance was associated with reproductive hormone levels in adult men.

ObjectiveTo evaluate heat shock factor Y chromosome (HSFY) mRNA as a biomarker for the presence of retrievable testicular sperm. DesignCase-control study. SettingAcademic medical center. Patient(s)Men with nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). Intervention(s)Testicular tissue from men with successful or failed testicular sperm extraction was evaluated with qunatitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for expression of HSFY mRNA. Main Outcome Measure(s)Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and probability of sperm retrieval based on HSFY testing. Result(s)We found higher HSFY mRNA expression in testicular tissue from NOA patients in whom sperm were successfully retrieved compared with those in whom sperm were not found, with good d...

Since diabetes induces testicular oxidative damage and cell death, and zinc (Zn) plays an important role in the spermatogenesis, the objective of the present study was to define the effects of Zn deficiency on diabetes-induced testicular apoptosis and associated mechanisms. Zn deficiency was induced by chronic treatment of normal and diabetic mice with N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylemethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN) chelation. After diabetes onset, mice were given intraperitoneally TPEN at 5mg/kg daily for four months, which, like diabetes, induced a significant decrease in testicular Zn level. TUNEL staining revealed that testicular apoptosis was significantly increased along with an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, in diabetic mice and TPEN-treated normal mice. Zn deficiency significantly exacerba...

Testicular arteries arise from the abdominal aorta and the inferior suprarenal artery from the renal artery. There are reports about variant origin and course of these arteries. Accessory testicular artery is also a common finding but its providing origin to inferior suprarenal artery is an important observation. During a routine dissection of abdomen of approximately 55-year-old male cadaver, unique vascular abnormality was observed. On the left side, a common arterial trunk originating from abdominal aorta immediately branched to give rise to superior testicular and inferior suprarenal arteries, the former after a short course hooked by the left suprarenal vein. In addition, the left suprarenal vein, second left lumbar vein, and left testicular vein joined to form a common trunk which drained into the left renal vein. A sound knowledge of vascular variations in relation to the kidney and suprarenal gland is important to surgeons dissecting the abdominal cavity. PMID:11805601

Aging changes in the male reproductive system may include changes in testicular tissue, sperm production, and erectile ... during a process that some people call andropause. Aging changes in the male reproductive system occur primarily ...

Summary We evaluated the effects of vardenafil on testicular androgen-binding protein secretion (ABP). Bilaterally obstructed azoospermic (OA)-men (n-=-19) (group A) underwent unilateral testicular biopsy. A group of nonobstructed azoospermic (NOA)-men (n-=-68) (group B) underwent bilateral testicular biopsy. ABP secretion in vitro by testicular tissue was assessed in each participant of every group. In addition, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were performed in several couples of group A or group B using frozen/thawed spermatozoa from the biopsy material. Ten OA-men (group A1), 14 NOA-men (group B1), and nine different NOA-men (group B2) had been positive for spermatozoa in the biopsy but pregnancies were not achieved in the respective female partners. Men of groups A1, B1 ...

...inhibit the growth of HCC cells, thereby decreasing the...cancer, lung squamous cell carcinoma, Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma...and testicular germ-cell tumors. Advantages...glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor results in a soluble form of...

The Carney complex (CNC) is a dominantly inherited syndrome characterized by spotty skin pigmentation, endocrine overactivity and myxomas. Skin pigmentation anomalies include lentigines and blue naevi. The most common endocrine gland manifestations are acromegaly, thyroid and testicular tumors, and ...

Breast Cancer; Chronic Myeloproliferative Disorders; Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Multiple Myeloma and Plasma Cell Neoplasm; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms; Nausea and Vomiting; Neuroblastoma; Ovarian Cancer; Testicular Germ Cell Tumor

Male reproductive health has received considerable attention in recent years. In addition to declining sperm quality, fertility problems and increased incidence of testicular cancer, there is accumulating evidence that genetic damage, in the form of unrepaired DNA lesions or de novo mutations, may be transmitted via sperm to the offspring. Such genetic damage may arise from environmental exposure or via endogenously formed reactive species, in stem cells or during spermatogenesis. Damaged testicular cells not removed by apoptosis rely on DNA repair for their genomic integrity to be preserved. To identify factors with potentially harmful effects on testicular cells and to characterise associated risk, a thorough understanding of repair mechanisms in these cells is of particular importance. Based on results from our own and other laboratories, we discuss the current knowledge of different pathways of excision repair in rodent and human testicular cells. It has become evident that, in human spermatogenic cells, some repair functions are indeed non-functional.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the presence of spermatogonia in men diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome (KS), in whom no testicular spermatozoa were recovered by testicular sperm extraction. DesignRetrospective case series. SettingUniversity hospital. Patient(s)Testicular samples from 22 nonmosaic 47,XXY men, aged 24-43 years, with no spermatozoa at multiple biopsies. Intervention(s)Paraffin-embedded testicular tissue was sectioned and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and immunostainings were performed for both MAGE-A4 and vimentin. Main Outcome Measure(s)The presence of spermatogonia. Result(s)Massive fibrosis and hyalinization were observed in all men with KS. Spermatogonia were observed in 4 of 22 men with KS, with differentiation up to the spermatocyte level in 2 of them. Conclusion(s)A few men w...

Retroperitoneal lymph node metastases from testicular germ cell tumor are common, but fungation of such mass through the anterior abdominal wall is extremely rare. We report such a case which had a favorable response to chemotherapy.

... the report linking testicular cancer treatments to secondary cancers... Faith and Spirituality --- Not carrying the load alone... Alternative Treatments? --- When all else fails? Spread the Word --- We have even created a, ... awareness. NOTE: The information contained herein is NOT ...

Contents Cryopreservation of testicular tissue has become a part of gamete preservation in wild animal post-mortem. Using domestic cats as a model for wild felids, this study aimed to (i) investigate the effect of temperature for testicular tissue storage on sperm quality; (ii) compare efficiency of freezing protocols; and (iii) evaluate properties of cryoprotective agents to protect testicular sperm quality. A pair of testes from each cat (n-=-9) was cut into four pieces. Three randomly selected pieces were allocated to be (i) fresh controls; (ii) stored at 4C for 24-h; and (iii) stored at room temperature (28C) for 24-h. After storage, the testicular tissue from each group was cut into 10 small pieces. One piece was assigned to be a control while the others were assigned to three freezin...

Abstract in spanish Introducción. Se han informado infecciones naturales y experimentales con Giardia sp. En bovinos, equinos, caprinos, caninos, felinos y roedores como ratones, ratas y gerbos; estos últimos son el modelo más adecuado para estudios de la infección por Giardia duodenalis y Giardia muris. Objetivo. Establecer el comportamiento de la infección con aislamientos colombianos de Giardia duodenalis en el modelo animal del gerbo. Materiales y métodos. Se purificaron mediante g (more) radientes de sacarosa y percoll quistes del parásito obtenidos a partir de heces de pacientes sintomáticos infectados. La inoculación a los animales se realizó mediante sonda gástrica con 5x103 quistes. El curso de la infección se estableció mediante recuento diario de quistes y semanal de trofozoítos durante treinta días. Resultados. La eliminación de quistes presentó un patrón intermitente de excreción, con ausencia en la primera y cuarta semanas de infección, y presencia constante durante la segunda y tercera semanas, en número variable con promedio mínimo de 79 y máximo de 17.943 quistes liberados en heces recolectadas en un período de dos horas. Se observó colonización de los trofozoítos en el intestino delgado, en número que osciló entre 15.000 y 6'577.778 trofozoítos por ml. Conclusiones. En gerbos infectados con aislamientos de Giardia duodenalis circulantes en otras regiones geográficas, la resolución natural de la infección oscila entre 86 y 114 días mientras que los gerbos infectados con aislamientos colombianos del parásito la resuelven al día 30. El gerbo constituye un modelo animal adecuado para la infección con aislamientos colombianos de G. duodenalis. La infección experimental por Giardia en gerbo permite obtener quistes y trofozoítos del parásito en cantidades suficientes con la finalidad de ser utilizados como antígenos para la inmunización de animales y para la obtención de anticuerpos que puedan utilizarse para la detección de antígeno de Giardia en materia fecal. Abstract in english Introduction. Natural and experimental Giardia infections have been reported from bovines, equines, goats, canines, felines and rodents such as mice, rats and gerbils. The latter have provided successful animal models for Giardia duodenalis and Giardia muris experimental infections. Objective. The gerbil model was used to establish the pattern of infection of Colombian Giardia human isolates. Materials and methods. Giardia cysts were obtained from stool specimens of sympt (more) omatic giardiasis patients by means of sucrose-percoll gradients. Animal inoculation was performed by gastric intubation and injection with 5x103 Giardia cysts. The course of infection was established by counting cysts every day and trophozoites weekly throughout a period of 30 days. Results. The pattern of cyst excretion was found to be intermittent. Cysts were released during the second and third weeks of infection but not during the first or fourth weeks. The mean minimal number of cysts released per 2-hr collection period was 79 and the mean maximum number was 17,943. Colonization of the small intestine by trophozoites was observed with a mean number ranging from 15,000 to 6,577,778 trophozoites/ml. Discussion and conclusions. Gerbils inoculated with G. duodenalis isolates obtained from geographical areas outside Colombia resolved the infection between 86 and 114 days after infection, whereas gerbils infected with Colombian G. duodenalis isolates resolved the infection at 30 days. The gerbil proved to be a good animal model for experimental infection with Colombian isolates of G. duodenalis. Experimental Giardia infection of gerbils permit a sufficient yield of cysts and trophozoites to be used as antigens for the immunization of other animals and to obtain Giardia antibodies that could be used for Giardia antigen detection assays in stool specimens.

Abstract in portuguese Devido ao fato da biopsia testicular poder acarretar hemorragia, inflamação, degeneração, aderência e fibrose, especialmente com as técnicas incisionais ou abertas, este trabalho avaliou a aplicabilidade de uma técnica menos invasiva (biopsia com agulha Tru-Cut) em ovinos na obtenção de material para histologia e acompanhou as lesões testiculares posteriores. Trinta carneiros foram igualmente divididos em três grupos: 1) controle, animais não submetidos à bio (more) psia; 2) submetidos à biopsia + cola de fibrina nos locais da biopsia testicular e incisões da pele; e 3) submetidos à biopsia + sutura da pele escrotal após a biopsia. Exames ultra-sonográficos foram realizados pré e pós biopsia. No centésimodia, os testículos foram avaliados macro e microscopicamente após orquiectomia. A ultra-sonografia permitiu mapear as alterações ocorridas e acompanhar a evolução das seqüelas. Ao exame macroscópico, pequenas áreas de calcificação foram observadas em 55 e 70% dos testículos nos grupos 2 e 3, respectivamente. A biopsia com agulha Tru-Cut forneceu material suficiente para histologia mas ocasionou lesões focais restritas à área biopsiada. Apesar da possível ocorrência de calcificação e outras lesões mínimas, foi demonstrado que a biopsia com agulha Tru-Cut em ovinos é um procedimento seguro por não ter comprometido significativamente as características estruturais e funcionais dos testículos. Abstract in english Because testicular biopsy can cause hemorrhage, inflammation, degeneration, adhesion, and fibrosis, especially if using the incisional or open biopsy techniques, the present study evaluated if testicular biopsy with Tru-Cut needle (a less invasive technique) in rams provides enough material for histology, and followed the subsequent testicular lesions. Thirty rams were evenly assigned to three groups: 1) control, no biopsy; 2) biopsy + fibrin glue on biopsy sites and skin (more) incisions; and 3) biopsy + scrotal skin suture after biopsy. Ultrasonographic examinations were performed before and after biopsy. Orchiectomy was carried out on day 100 and the testicles were examined for gross and microscopic lesions. Ultrasonography permitted to map testicular alterations and to follow the evolution of the lesions. Small areas of calcification were observed in 55 and 70% of testicles from groups 2 and 3, respectively. Testicular biopsy with Tru-Cut needle provided enough material for histology but induced small and focal areas of testicular lesions close to the biopsy site. In spite of the potential occurrence of calcification and other minimal lesions, it was shown that testicular biopsy with Tru-Cut needle in rams is safe because did not significantly compromise the functional and structural testicular characteristics.