Science.gov (United States)

... analyze importance sampling schemes for stochastic networks ... an interesting mixed open/closed queueing network ... with a suitable terminal condition ...

Science.gov (United States)

In this paper an efficient quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) scheme with authentication is presented, which is based on quantum entanglement and polarized single photons. The present protocol uses Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs and polarized single photons in batches. A particle of the EPR pairs is retained in the sender's station, and the other is transmitted forth and back between the sender and the receiver, similar to the ``ping-pong'' QSDC protocol. According to the shared information beforehand, these two kinds of quantum states are mixed and then transmitted via a quantum channel. The EPR pairs are used to transmit secret messages and the polarized single photons used for authentication and eavesdropping check. Consequently, because of the dual contributions of the polarized single photons, no classical information is needed. The intrinsic efficiency and total efficiency are both 1 in this scheme as ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We investigate the two-body decay modes {rho}{rho}, {pi}{pi}{sup *} (1300) and {sigma}{sigma} of the f{sub 0}(1500), all leading to the four pion decay channel, in a three-state mixing scheme, where the f{sub 0}(1500) is a mixture of the lowest lying scalar glueball with the nearby isoscalar states of the 0{sup ++}Q Q-bar nonet. In the leading order of this scheme, the decay mechanism of the f{sub 0}(1500) proceeds dominantly via its quarkonium components, which can be described in the framework of the {sup 3}P{sub 0} pair creation model. We predict the hierarchy of decay branching ratios B with B({rho}{rho}) {>=} B({pi}{pi}) {>=} B({sigma}{sigma}) > B({pi}{pi}{sup *}), providing a key signature of the proposed mixing scheme in this leading order approach. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A class II atomistic force field with Lennard-Jones 6-9 nonbond interactions is used to investigate equations of state (EOS) for important high explosive detonation products N{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O in the temperature range 700-2500 K and pressure range 0.1-10 GPa. A standard 6th order parameter-mixing scheme is then employed to study a 2:1 (molar) H{sub 2}O:N{sub 2} mixture, to investigate in particular the possibility of phase-separation under detonation conditions. The simulations demonstrate several important results, including: (1) the accuracy of computed EOS for both N{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O over the entire range of temperature and pressure considered; (2) accurate mixing-demixing phase boundary as compared to experimental data; and (3) the departure of mixing free energy from that predicted by ideal mixing law. The results provide comparison and guidance to state-of-the-art ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A more complete level scheme is presented here for the decay of [sup 187]Pt, incorporating many new lines and levels up to 2.4 MeV. Emphasis has been placed on the extraction of multipole mixing ratios from nuclear orientation data. Analysis of that data, however, required a more complete understanding of the level structure (including, in particular, branching ratios, conversion coefficients, and level feedings), prompting the collection of new spectroscopy data. The low-lying, positive-parity levels are described in terms of (odd-proton) single-particle Nilsson states coupled to a triaxial core. Multipole mixing ratios are compared to those calculated in the Particle-Plus-Triaxial-Rotor Model. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We discuss the renormalisation properties of the complete set of {delta}B=2 four-quark operators with the heavy quark treated in the static approximation. We elucidate the role of heavy quark symmetry and other symmetry transformations in constraining their mixing under renormalisation. By employing the Schroedinger functional, a set of non-perturbative renormalisation conditions can be defined in terms of suitable correlation functions. As a first step in a fully non-perturbative determination of the scale-dependent renormalisation factors, we evaluate these conditions in lattice perturbation theory at one loop. Thereby we verify the expected mixing patterns and determine the anomalous dimensions of the operators at NLO in the Schroedinger functional scheme. Finally, by employing twisted-mass QCD it is shown how finite subtractions arising from explicit chiral symmetry breaking can be avoided completely. (Orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gadolinium nitrate has been employed in Indian nuclear reactors for the first time as soluble neutron poison in the heavy water moderators of the 540 MWe PHWRs TAPS 3 and 4, as a fast acting secondary shut down system (SDS-2); and also for reactivity shim. For this purpose, the moderator purification system is currently equipped with special ion-exchange columns/schemes, developed by present authors. However, for gadolinium removal from moderator in the post SDS-2 scenario, the two stage ion-exchange - cation bed operation followed by mixed bed operation - results in low pH conditions persisting in the moderator for a few hours, which gives rise to certain operational problems. The present paper describes a mixed bed ion-exchange scheme employing macro-porous strong acid cation and macro-porous weak base anion resins, which has been developed to eliminate acidic conditions and gives a better pH control. ...

CERN Document Server

We consider dimensional reduction techniques for the Liouville-von Neumann equation for the evaluation of the expectation values in a mixed quantum system. In applications such as nuclear spin dynamics the main goal for simulations is being able to simulate a system with as many spins as possible, for this reason it is very important to have an efficient method that scales well with respect to particle numbers. We describe several existing methods that have appeared in the literature, pointing out their limitations particularly in the setting of large systems. We introduce a method for direct computation of expectations via Chebyshev polynomials (DEC) based on evaluation of a trace formula combined with expansion in modified Chebyshev polynomials. This reduction is highly efficient and does not destroy any information. We demonstrate the practical application of the scheme for a nuclear spin system and compare with several alternatives, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The near normal incidence reflectivity of the ferromagnets U/sub 3/P/sub 4/ and U/sub 3/As/sub 4/ and the isostructural but diamagnetic compounds Th/sub 3/P/sub 4/ and Th/sub 3/As/sub 4/ has been measured from 0.03 to 12 eV. Trithorium tetraphosphide and tetraarsenide are shown to be indirect gap semiconductors with gap energies of 0.43 and 0.39 eV, respectively. U/sub 3/P/sub 4/ and U/sub 3/As/sub 4/ display similar sets of p..-->..d transitions than the corresponding thorium compounds, however, they are shifted by 0.85 eV to lower photon energies. It is concluded that the uranium compounds are metals due to a merging of the valence p band into the 6d conduction band giving direct experimental evidence for a p-f mixing effect of the same size. Energy level schemes are derived.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The effect of transverse magnetic field parameter (Hartmann number, Ha) Reynolds number (Re) and Prandtl number (Pr) on the mixed convection flow past a semi-infinite vertical porous plate in a non-Darcian porous medium with variable viscosity and porosity, viscous dissipation and fluid-solid thermal conductivity ratio in the presence of plate transpiration (lateral mass flux) is investigated theoretically and numerically using Keller`s implicit finite difference scheme. It is shown that the Harmann number acts as a retarding force and increases the momentum boundary layer thickness, analogous to the flow against a positive pressure gradient, simultaneously decreasing local skin friction (shear stress). The heat transfer rate is however enhanced by the magnetic field (for positive values of the Eckert number) since the fluid is heated and temperature gradients become reduced between the fluid and the plate, with important potential applications ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The energy levels of the configuration f"2 in an eight-fold cubic crystal field (CF) have been calculated, and the results are used to explain the experimental spectrum of UO_2. The fourth-order CF potential turns out to be much smaller than usually assumed for this compound. This has an effect of reducing the J-mixing in the wavefunctions, particularly in the case of the ground state wavefunction. In spite of the strength of the CF, the ground state vertical stroke "3H_4T_2 right angle is found to be modified only slightly by the J-mixing effect; it consists of 89.4% "3He_4, and the remaining eleven components make up the rest. Very good correlation is obtained between the experimental and simulated energy-level schemes. The predominance of "3H_4 in the ground state consequently increases the value of the calculated effective magnetic moment. The results are compared with our previous predictions about the system, and ...

Wastenet

...Simplification of the scheme - Department of Energy and Climate Change simplification, crc energy efficiency scheme Simplification of the scheme Simplification of the CRC Energy ...Efficiency Scheme The Government is considering the simplification of the CRC in the light of experience since the scheme began in April 2010. ...will take into account feedback from stakeholders including: the effectiveness of the CRC framework for driving energy efficiency in large private and public sector ... The perceived complexity of the CRC scheme and hence the administrative burden on: - those organisations that are subject to ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper examines the attractiveness of material mixtures containing special nuclear materials (SNM) associated with reprocessing and the thorium-based LWR fuel cycle. This paper expands upon the results from earlier studies that examined the attractiveness of SNM associated with the reprocessing of spent light water reactor (LWR) fuel by various reprocessing schemes and the recycle of plutonium as a mixed oxide (MOX) fuel in LWR. This study shows that "2"3"3U that is produced in thorium-based fuel cycles is very attractive for weapons use. Consistent with other studies, these results also show that all fuel cycles examined to date need to be rigorously safeguarded and provided moderate to high levels of physical protection. These studies were performed at the request of the United States Department of Energy (DOE), and are based on the calculation of 'attractiveness levels' that has been couched in terms chosen for consistency with those ...

CERN Document Server

Current theories on planetary formation establish that giant planet formation should be contextual to their quick migration towards the central star due to the protoplanets-disc interactions on a timescale of the order of $10^5$ years, for objects of nearly 10 terrestrial masses. Such a timescale should be smaller by an order of magnitude than that of gas accretion onto the protoplanet during the hierarchical growing-up of protoplanets by collisions with other minor objects. These arguments have recently been analysed using N-body and/or fluid-dynamics codes or a mixing of them. In this work, inviscid 2D simulations are performed, using the SPH method, to study the migration of one protoplanet, to evaluate the effectiveness of the accretion disc in the protoplanet dragging towards the central star, as a function of the mass of the planet itself, of disc tangential kinematics and of the presence of a planet ``pseudo-atmosphere''. To this purpose, the SPH ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper deals with the efficient simulation of the dynamical behaviour of molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs). MCFCs allow an efficient and environmentally friendly energy production via electrochemical reactions. Their dynamics can be described by large scale systems of up to currently 22 nonlinear partial differential algebraic equations (PDAE). The paper also serves as a basis for later parameter identification and optimal control purposes. Therefore, the numerical simulations are particularly based on hierarchically embedded systems of PDAE, first of all in one space dimension. The PDAE are of mixed parabolic-hyperbolic type and are completed by nonlinear initial and boundary conditions of mixed type. For a series of embedded models in one space dimension, the vertical method of lines (MOL) is used throughout this paper. For the semi-discretization in space appropriate difference schemes are applied depending on the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

CERN Document Server

The Last Unknown Neutrino Mixing Angle $\\theta_{13}$ and the Daya Bay Experiment

Science.gov (United States)

A controlled bidirectional quantum secret direct communication scheme is proposed by using a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. In the scheme, two users can exchange their secret messages simultaneously with a set of devices under the control of a third party. The security of the scheme is analysed and confirmed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... beta spectrometers comparative evaluations data decay electrons

KoreaScience (Korea)

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CERN Document Server

Theory of quantum games is relatively new to the literature and its applications to various areas of research are being explored. It is a novel interpretation of strategies and decisions in quantum domain. In the earlier work on quantum games considerable attention was given to the resolution of dilemmas present in corresponding classical games. Two separate quantum schemes were presented by Eisert et al. and Marinatto and Weber to resolve dilemmas in Prisoners' Dilemma and Battle of Sexes games respectively. However for the latter scheme it was argued that dilemma was not resolved. We have modified the quantization scheme of Marinatto and Weber to resolve the dilemma. We have developed a generalized quantization scheme for two person non-zero sum games which reduces to the existing schemes under certain conditions. Applications of this generalized quantization ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The author describes feasibility study on the scheme of disposing spent guide tubes at Daya Bay nuclear power plant, including scheme selection, packing cask design, disposal operation and technological process, budget estimation and safety evaluation. The research results show that the new scheme is feasible on technology, and reasonable on budget. If the scheme is adopted to dispose the spent guide tubes at Daya Bay nuclear power station, it can not only save large funds, but also accumulate experience on disposing non-compressible low and intermediate level solid radioactive wastes produced at nuclear power station for the country

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The detailed features of the calculated energy-level schemes and of the single-particle, orbit-occupancy properties of the low-lying levels of the N=50 isotones "8"0Zn, "8"1Ga, "8"2Ge, "8"3As, "8"4Se, "8"5Br, "8"6Kr, and "8"7Rb are presented and discussed. These results are obtained with a new effective Hamiltonian operator obtained empirically from an iterative fit to experimental energies taken from all experimentally studied (A=82--96) N=50 nuclei. The model space for the calculations consists of active 0f/sub 5/2/, 1p/sub 3/2/, 1p/sub 1/2/, and 0g/sub 9/2/ proton orbits relative to a nominal "7"8Ni core. This space is truncated internally by restricting the number of particles excited from the negative-parity orbits into the g/sub 9/2/ orbit to be no greater than four. The typical structures predicted for these lighter N=50 isotones are found to be dominated by well-mixed combinations of fp-orbit configurations, with the g/sub 9/2/ orbit ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

''Intelligent Extruder'' described in this report is a software system and associated support services for monitoring and control of compounding extruders to improve material quality, reduce waste and energy use, with minimal addition of new sensors or changes to the factory floor system components. Emphasis is on process improvements to the mixing, melting and de-volatilization of base resins, fillers, pigments, fire retardants and other additives in the :finishing'' stage of high value added engineering polymer materials. While GE Plastics materials were used for experimental studies throughout the program, the concepts and principles are broadly applicable to other manufacturers materials. The project involved a joint collaboration among GE Global Research, GE Industrial Systems and Coperion Werner & Pleiderer, USA, a major manufacturer of compounding equipment. Scope of the program included development ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report provides a brief overview of the history and planning for a proposed mixed waste disposal site on the Nevada Test Site. 8 figs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A method is described for the supervision of technicians engaged in microscopical screening of large numbers of stools for Schistosoma mansoni ova. The scheme presents graphically...Full Text Available

Wastenet

Briefing Note November 2009 The Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC) Energy Efficiency Scheme: UPDATE ...What is the CRC? ... The CRC is a mandatory emissions trading scheme that aims to deliver energy (and so

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This Radioactive and Mixed Waste Management Plan for the Hazardous Waste Handling Facility at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory is written to meet the requirements for an annual report of radioactive and mixed waste management activities outlined in DOE Order 5820.2A. Radioactive and mixed waste management activities during FY 1994 listed here include principal regulatory and environmental issues and the degree to which planned activities were accomplished.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

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CERN Document Server

The "texture zero mass matrices" for the quarks and leptons describe very well the flavor mixing of the quarks and leptons. We can calculate the angles of the unitarity triangle. We expect the angle alpha of the unitarity triangle to be 90 degrees. The masses of the neutrinos can be calculated - they are very small, the largest neutrino mass is 0.05 eV. We calculated the matrix element of the mixing matrix, relevant for the reactor mixing angle. It can be measured in the near future in the DAYA BAY experiment.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

German (1975). Germany Borgs, JW Fabbri, R. Grueter, JW Khan,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... comparative evaluations energy-level transitions half-life internal conversion

CERN Document Server

We describe a scheme for quantum error correction that employs feedback and weak measurement rather than the standard tools of projective measurement and fast controlled unitary gates. The advantage of this scheme over previous protocols (for example Ahn et. al, PRA, 65, 042301 (2001)), is that it requires little side processing while remaining robust to measurement inefficiency, and is therefore considerably more practical. We evaluate the performance of our scheme by simulating the correction of bit-flips. We also consider implementation in a solid-state quantum computation architecture and estimate the maximal error rate which could be corrected with current technology.

CERN Document Server

Using data from atmospheric neutrino mixing, and a simple functional form for mixing angles, the absolute values of three neutrino masses are calculated: $m_3\\cong 5.37\\times 10^{-2} eV$, $m_2\\cong 1.94\\times 10^{-2} eV$, $m_1\\cong 1.46\\times 10^{-2} eV$. The quantities relevant for solar neutrino mixing are calculated: $(m_2^2-m_1^2) \\cong 1.63\\times 10^{-4} eV^2$, with non-maximal mixing $\\tan^2\\theta_\\sol \\cong 0.56$. The analysis gives a suggestion of a dynamical origin for the empirical, large CP-violating phase associated with an intrinsically, very small mixing angle in the quark sector.

Science.gov (United States)

Recently, Wang et al. proposed a three-party simultaneous quantum secure direct communication (3P-SQSDC) scheme with EPR pairs, which enables three involved parties to exchange their secret messages simultaneously by using an EPR pair. This work proposed an enhancement on Wang et al.'s scheme. With the enhancement, the communications in the improved 3P-SQSDC can be paralleled and thus improves the protocol efficiency.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We propose a scheme for the generation of the cluster states for many atoms in cavity QED. In our scheme, the atoms are sent through nonresonant cavity fields in the vacuum states. The cavity fields are only virtually excited and no quantum information will be transferred from the atoms to the cavity fields. The advantage is that the cavities are suppressed during the procedure. The scheme can also be generalized to the ion trap system.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new nonlinear S{sub n} transport differencing scheme for slab geometry is presented that is fourth order accurate for small meshes and is strictly positive. The new scheme has been coded into the existing ONELD code and tested. Numerical results to demonstrate the accuracy and positivity of this new scheme are presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The mixed structure of a nuclear reactor building is composed of SC-columns, S-beams, S-joints and PCa-panels. Following the last report (Part 7)[1], the main test results of the mixed structure, that is, the deformation mode, strain distribution and shear strength, are described. The S-joints using ultrahigh strength materials had no buckling nor shear slipping. The proposed mixed structure resisted the external horizontal forces under integrated uniformity among SC-columns, S-joints and PCa-panels. It could be confirmed that the mixed structure can be established. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Microcrystalline-Si thin-film transistors (?C-Si TFTs) formed by using the source/drain contact electrode of self-aligned palladium silicide have been investigated. Both the self-aligned palladium silicided scheme and the previous top-gate staggered structure employ two-mask process steps for fabricating ?C-Si TFTs. However, the self-aligned palladium silicided scheme would cause better device characteristics than the top-gate staggered structure, primarily due to more carrier tunneling. For a gate length of 2 ?m, as compared to the top-gate staggered scheme, this silicided scheme can result in a 40% improvement of on-state current. In addition, as the gate length is reduced to 1 ?m, considerable short-channel effect is caused for both the device schemes.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe study of bacterial species interactions in a mixed-species community can be facilitated by transcriptome analysis of one species in the community using cDNA microarray...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A combination of degenerate four-wave mixing spectroscopy and a low-pressure sampling technique has been studied for isotopic analysis in an air-acetylene flame. Hyperfine spectra of D lines of sodium and several mixtures of lithium isotopes obtained in this way are presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The energy-momentum tensor of a massless spinor field is constructed and studied based on the previously proposed interpretation of quantum effects of such a field in the anisotropic metric of Bianchi type IX. The characteristic properties of the energy-momentum tensor in the mixed universe model are discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Bi-U mixed oxides were synthesized by two methods and characterized by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The samples were tested for the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide by oxygen. A stepwise redox mechanism consistent with the kinetic results is proposed. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

... and Security..........................13 Materials Science ... hybrid system theory, Internet analysis, materials science, mixing, physiology, iterative control ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This patent describes a nitrogen oxides decreasing combustion method which comprises: a first step of mixing a fuel and air with each other; a second step of bringing the mixture obtained in the first step into contact with a packed catalyst such that only catalytic combustion occurs; and a third step of adding a fresh supply of the fuel to a stream obtained from the second step to form a mixed gas and causing the mixed gas to undergo non-catalytic thermal combustion. The temperature of the packed catalyst is lower than the ignition temperature of the mixture and the adiabatic flame temperature of the mixed gas is lower than a temperature at which the nitrogen oxides occur.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... mixing coupled channel theory differential cross sections excited states helium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The magnitude of the isospin mixing in the decay of the T/sub greater-than/ giant dipole resonance has been estimated, using the (..gamma.., n) and (..gamma..,p) cross sections available for the medium-weight nuclei /sup 60/Ni, /sup 88/Sr, /sup 89/Y, /sup 90/Zr, and /sup 92/Mo. The deduced values show a fair correspondence with the existing data for mixing between compound states. From these results the mean mixing Coulomb matrix elements between compound states could also be derived.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Condensing curves are presented for a number of two-component mixed hydrocarbon working fluids which are potentially usable in binary geothermal cycles. Performance of geothermal thermodynamic cycles incorporating these fluids has been evaluated under separate cover; two figures summarizing the results of those evaluations have been included here for continuity. The purpose of this report is: first, to document the condensing curves which were used in the mixed fluid cycle analyses, and second, to provide background useful in the preliminary evaluation of heat rejection systems for advanced geothermal electric power plants utilizing mixed hydrocarbon working fluids. Some concluding remarks are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Fuels Material Examination Facility/Fuel Assembly Area is proposed to be used for fabrication of mixed oxide fuel to support the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) tritium/medical isotope mission. The plutonium isotope mix for the new mission is different than that analyzed in the FMEF safety analysis report. A reanalysis was performed of three representative accidents for the revised plutonium mix to determine the impact on the safety analysis. Current versions computer codes and meterology data files were used for the analysis. The revised accidents were a criticality, an explosion in a glovebox, and a tornado. The analysis concluded that risk guidelines were met with the revised plutonium mix.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new method for the determination of the cmc using a dialysis technique which allows monometric species to diffuse through but no micelles has been applied for determining the mixed micelle composition. The method is based on determining the amount of surfactant that diffuses through at two different times which allows for the calculation of the cmc by use of the appropriate equation. This method requires the preparation of only one concentration of solution and lends itself particularly well to the determination of the composition of mixed micelles. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Two avowable quantum communication schemes are proposed. One is an avowable teleportation protocol based on the quantum cryptography. In this protocol one teleports a set of one-particle states based on the availability of an honest arbitrator, the keys and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs shared by the communication parties and the arbitrator. The key point is that the fact of the teleportation can neither be disavowed by the sender nor be denied by the receiver. Another is an avowable quantum secure direct communication scheme. A one-way Hash function chosen by the communication parties helps the receiver to validate the truth of the information and to avoid disavowing for the sender.

Science.gov (United States)

Single and selective pole tripping schemes may be used to maintain a desired level of system integrity while minimizing transmission line expenditures. In general, these schemes will be most effective on those portions of the system where relatively few interconnections exist. While selective pole tripping may superficially appear to provide more margin than single pole schemes in the preservation of system stability, it seems unlikely that in those actual applications where single pole tripping is warranted that selective pole tripping will provide any significant advantages.

CERN Document Server

We review an analysis of a consistent renormalization of the top and bottom quark/squark sector of the MSSM with complex parameters (cMSSM). Various renormalization schemes are defined, analyzed analytically and tested numerically in the decays Stop_2 -> Sbottom_i H^+/W^+ (i = 1,2). No scheme is found that produces numerically acceptable results over all the cMSSM parameter space, where problems occur mostly already for real parameters. Some numerical examples for Gamma(Stop_2 -> Sbottom_1 H^+) in our preferred scheme, "m_b, A_b DRbar" are shown.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By generalizing the algebra satisfied by the el5 matrix, it is possible to give an extension of el5 to d dimensions. We discuss the connection of this scheme to others. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

We propose a quantum secure direct communication scheme based on non-orthogonal entangled pairs and local measurement. In this scheme, we use eight non-orthogonal entangled pairs to act as quantum channels. Due to the non-orthogonality of the quantum channels, the present protocol can availably prohibit from all kinds of valid eavesdropping and acquire a secure quantum channel. By local measurement, the sender acquires a secret random sequence. The process of encoding on the random sequence is identical to the one in one-time-pad. So the present protocol is secure. Even for a highly lossy channel, our scheme is also valid. The scheme is feasible with present-day techniques.

CERN Document Server

The goal of this work is to minimize the energy dissipation of embedded controllers without jeopardizing the quality of control (QoC). Taking advantage of the dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) technology, this paper develops a performance-aware power management scheme for embedded controllers with processors that allow multiple voltage levels. The periods of control tasks are adapted online with respect to the current QoC, thus facilitating additional energy reduction over standard DVS. To avoid the waste of CPU resources as a result of the discrete voltage levels, a resource reclaiming mechanism is employed to maximize the CPU utilization and also to improve the QoC. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. Compared with the optimal standard DVS scheme, the proposed scheme is shown to be able to save remarkably more energy while maintaining comparable QoC.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Detailed level and decay schemes are presented for the nuclei of the A = 101 mass chain. The level properties obtained from decay and reaction experiments are shown in the drawings. Experimental methods, references, and comments are given in the text.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russian 1987. p. 99-100. USSR Sabalyauskas, L.Yu. Vanagas, VV Guseva,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In order to develop a numerical tool for the fast evaluation of CANDU refuelling schemes, a Linear Sensitivity Matrix method (LSM) is developed. It assumes that all the effects caused by various perturbations to the core state are independent to each other and the core response to a perturbation is proportional to its magnitude. In this way, the main core parameters of a refuelling scheme can be derived by simple algebraic operations with the use of pre-calculated sensitivity matrices, without resorting to the complicated and time-consuming 3D core calculation. Verification against the Qinshan CANDU reactor operation history demonstrates that LSM is capable of generating accurate results and running very fast for evaluating a refuelling scheme. (authors)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Municipal waste charges in Spain are very widespread, although their application varies significantly among different municipalities. Most commonly, waste charges are implemented as a flat rate, but some of them depend on indicators such as household water consumption, the land area of the property or the value of the real estate. Only one residential pay-as-you-throw scheme has been applied so far. It was a pay-per-bag scheme implemented in Torrelles de Llobregat, Barcelona. A number of other systems focussing only on commercial waste have been implemented in Spain. Several factors suggest that new pay-as-you-throw schemes will be adopted in the near future. In 2000 no municipalities had door-to-door collection schemes; since then over 70 municipalities have implemented them. In addition ...

CERN Document Server

We study the renormalization group running of the tri-bimaximal mixing predicted by the two typical $S_4$ flavor models at leading order. Although the textures of the mass matrices are completely different, the evolution of neutrino mass and mixing parameters is found to display approximately the same pattern. For both normal hierarchy and inverted hierarchy spectrum, the quantum corrections to both atmospheric and reactor neutrino mixing angles are so small that can be neglected. The evolution of solar mixing angle $\\theta_{12}$ depends on $\\tan\\beta$ and mass spectrum, the deviation from its tri-bimaximal value could be large. Taking into account the renormalization group running effect, the neutrino spectrum is constrained by experimental data on $\\theta_{12}$ and the inverted hierarchy spectrum is disfavored for large $\\tan\\beta$. The evolution of light neutrino masses is approximately ...

CERN Document Server

We discuss first the flavor mixing of the quarks, using the texture zero mass matrices. Then we study a similar model for the mass matrices of the leptons. We are able to relate the mass eigenvalues of the charged leptons and of the neutrinos to the mixing angles and can predict the masses of the neutrinos. We find a normal hierarchy - the masses are 0.004 eV, 0.01 eV and 0.05 eV. The atmospheric mixing angle is given by the mass ratios of the charged leptons and the neutrinos. we find about 40 degrees, consistent with the experiments. The mixing element, connecting the first neutrino wit the electron, is predicted to be 0.05. This prediction can soon be checked by the Daya Bay experiment.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

New non-collinear schemes are suggested for transverse velocity modulation of electron beams and for the generation of coherent spontaneous radiation by these transversely modulated beams. It is shown that due to the non-collinearity some orders of magnitude enhancement can be achieved for the coherent spontaneous radiation (CSR) power at both the fundamental and harmonic frequencies.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We propose a scheme with potential experimental realization to generate 'polarization' entanglement between two atomic ensembles and show one of the applications - a novel secure communication allowing asymptotically key distribution and quasisecure direct communication. The scheme involves laser manipulation of atomic ensembles, adjustable quarter- and half-wave plates, beam splitters, polarizing beam splitters and single-photon detectors, and well fits the status of the current experimental technology.

CERN Document Server

We show that on any abelian scheme over a complex quasi-projective smooth variety, there is a Green current for the zero-section, which is axiomatically determined up to $\\partial$ and $\\bar\\partial$-exact differential forms. This current generalizes the Siegel functions defined on elliptic curves. We prove generalizations of classical properties of Siegel functions, like distribution relations, limit formulae and reciprocity laws.

Science.gov (United States)

In this paper we propose a method for construction of feed-forward neural classifiers based on regularization and adaptive architectures. Using a penalized maximum likelihood scheme, we derive a modified form of the entropic error measure and an algebraic estimate of the test error. In conjunction with optimal brain damage pruning, a test error estimate is used to select the network architecture. The scheme is evaluated on four classification problems. PMID:12662736

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The proliferation of 'botnets,' phishing schemes, denial-of-service attacks, root kits, and other cyber attack schemes designed to capture a system or network creates a climate of concern for system administrators, especially for those managing accelerator and large experimental-physics facilities, as they are very public targets. This paper will describe the steps being taken at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) to protect the infrastructure of the overall network with emphasis on security for the APS control system.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

New measurements of relative gamma-ray emission probabilities in the decay of "1"0"1Mo and "1"0"1Tc are reported. Previously published conversion-electron data have been used along with the gamma-ray data to formulate self-consistent decay schemes. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The transport of radon in concrete takes place through the complicated network of interconnected pores that is, at any time, the result of the process of hydration of cement and of moisture distribution and transport. Initially the microstructure of concrete depends on the mix proportions and curing conditions, its time-evolution being conditioned by its surrounding environment. Radon transport will be consequently a function of time, as it is influenced by the changing microstructure (total porosity and its distribution) and by the amount and distribution of the moisture contained in the pore system. A selection of information from the large amount of literature available on concrete is presented in chapter 2. A model that describes the process of hydration, of microstructure development and of moisture transport is presented in chapter 3. The physics of radon diffusion in homogeneous porous materials is outlined in chapter 4. The coupling of the numerical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The study described in this report is part of a project sponsored by the Toronto Atmospheric Fund, performed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, to assess the potential role of surface property modifications on energy, meteorology, and air quality in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), Canada. Numerical models were used to establish the possible meteorological and ozone air-quality impacts of increased urban albedo and vegetative fraction, i.e., ''cool-city'' strategies that can mitigate the urban heat island (UHI), significantly reduce urban energy consumption, and improve thermal comfort, particularly during periods of hot weather in summer. Mitigation is even more important during critical heat wave periods with possible increased heat-related hospitalization and mortality. The evidence suggests that on an annual basis cool-city strategies are beneficial, and the implementation of such measures is currently being investigated in the U.S. and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors apply the nonlinear WENO (Weighted Essentially Nonoscillatory) scheme to the spatial discretization of the Boltzmann Transport Equation modeling linear particle transport. The method is a finite volume scheme which ensures not only conservation, but also provides for a more natural handling of boundary conditions, material properties and source terms, as well as an easier parallel implementation and post processing. It is nonlinear in the sense that the stencil depends on the solution at each time step or iteration level. By biasing the gradient calculation towards the stencil with smaller derivatives, the scheme eliminates the Gibb's phenomenon with oscillations of size O(1) and reduces them to O(h{sup r}), where h is the mesh size and r is the order of accuracy. The current implementation is three-dimensional, generalized for unequally spaced meshes, fully parallelized, and up to fifth order accurate ...

Science.gov (United States)

Digital libraries play a crucial role in distance learning. Nowadays, they are one of the fundamental information sources for the students enrolled in this learning system. These libraries contain huge amount of instructional data (text, audio and video) offered by the distance learning program. Organization of the digital libraries is therefore very important for easy and fast access to the desired information. Improper categorization of data may mislead the students searching the library. Since manual categorization of huge amount of data might be challenging, an automatic and reliable method is needed. In this sense, this paper proposes an automated categorization scheme for digital libraries in distance learning. The categorization scheme is designed and developed by a pattern recognition approach. Effectiveness of the proposed scheme is evaluated on widely used Reuters database. The results of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

For IGCC, the primary investment is too high due to the demand of high gasification efficiency. For PFBCC, the thermal efficiency is too low due to the relatively low turbine inlet temperature and the hot working medium of the gas turbine is not easy to clean. A new scheme is proposed for coal fired combined cycle to overcome the main drawbacks of IGCC and PFBCC. The research targets are developing a new cycle construction of coal fired combined cycle to raise the efficiency and reduce the primary investment. Actually, the new scheme is a synthesis of some existing proposals. It adopts partial gasification to reduce the primary investment of the gasification equipment. The un-gasified surplus solid is then fed to a pressurized fluidized bed boiler, but adopting Curtiss Wright type external combustion to lower the ash content in the working medium. The gas fuel from the partial gasifier is combusted in a top combustor to further increase the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A process and apparatus for solidifying radioactive waste liquid containing dissolved and/or suspended solids is disclosed. The process includes chemically treating for pH adjustement and precipitation of solids, concentrating solids with a thin-film evaporator to provide liquid concentrate containing about 50% solids, and drying the concentrate with heated mixing apparatus. The heated mixing apparatus includes a heated wall and working means for shearing dried concentrate from internal surfaces and subdividing dry concentrate into dry, powdery particles. The working means includes a rotor and helical means for positively advancing the concentrate and resulting dry particles from inlet to outlet of the mixing apparatus. The dry particles may also be encapsulated in a matrix material. Entrained particles in the vapor stream from the evaporator and mixer are removed in an integral particle separator and the vapor is ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Experimental and computational studies were performed to confirm the enhancement of turbulent heat transfer performance in the 6x6 simulated rod bundle subchannel by generating the large scale secondary vortex flow. Experimental studies were carried out at Reynolds Number 10,000 with atmospheric condition. Axial variations of mean velocity and turbulent intensity in the rod bundle subchannel were measured by the 2-color LDV measurement system. Computational works were accomplished using the commercial CFD code, FLUENT. Normal operating condition of Uljin 3, 4 nuclear power plant is used in computation works as an initial condition. The LSSVF mixing vanes generate the most strong secondary flow vortices that maintain about 35 D_H after the spacer grid. The LSSVF mixing vane influences strongly to flow mixing in adjacent subchannels because large scale stream wise vortices in subchannel sustain two times more than that in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The objective of this study is to comprehend the basic structural characteristics of box shaped mixed structures proposed for a future nuclear reactor building structure. Specimens of reinforced concrete precast panel walls of the mixed structures were prepared using ultrahigh strength materials. Two bending shear tests were conducted with a parameter of the quantity of reinforcement bars. The results include: (1) Relationship of shear stress and the angle of the structure, and (2) Failure mode. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In order to increase the sensitivity of photometric determination of tungsten and to find forms with high molar extinction coefficients, mixed-ligand complexes of tungsten with antipyrine and trihydroxyfluorone have been studied. The molar extinction coefficients have been determined for chloride associates of mixed-ligand complexes containing different trioxyfluorones: phenylfluorone, salicylflourone, p-bromphenylfluorone, anthrafluorone, dioxyfluorescein, and dioxyfluoroscein ethylate (DOFE). An associate formed by DOFE has the maximum molar extinction coefficient. It has been used for photometric determination of microgram amounts of tungsten impurity in vanadyl sulphate.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mixed microstructures have been studied in low- carbon microalloyed steels suitable for automotive applications, after continuous cooling from the hot-rolled condition. Microstructural features such as polygonal ferrite, bainitic and acicular ferrite and microphase constituent are identified using transmission electron microscopy. The influence of these mixed structures on the tensile strength, impact toughness and fracture behaviour is examined. It is found that improvements in impact toughness as compared with microalloyed medium- carbon ferrite/pearlite steels can be achieved from these predominantly acicular structures developed by controlling alloy composition and continuous cooling of these lower carbon steels. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

Based on Friedberg and Lee's geometric picture by which the tribimaximal PMNS leptonic mixing matrix is constructed, namely corresponding mixing angles correspond to the geometric angles among the sides of a cube. We suggest that the three realistic mixing angles which slightly deviate from the values determined for the cube, are due to a viable deformation from the perfectly cubic shape. Taking the best fitted results of $\\theta_{12}$ and $\\theta_{23}$ as inputs, we determine the central value of $\\sin^22\\theta_{13}$ should be 0.0238 with a relatively large error tolerance, this value lies in the range of measurement precision of the Daya Bay experiment.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This article presents numerical study of 3-D thermosolutale mixed convection (TSMC) in horizontal rectangular channels. The contribution of this work is to characterize the travelling wave's appearance and to generalize the behavior of Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Benard (PRB) systems for a broad range of dimensionless parameters, which control the double diffusive mixed convection. The numerical results consist of analyzing the flow regimes of the steady longitudinal thermoconvectives rolls for the case of purely thermal mixed convection (TMC) and for both thermal and mass transfer (TSMC). The transition from opposed volume forces to cooperating ones at fixed Rayleigh (Ra), Reynolds (Re), and Lewis (Le) numbers, considerably affects the birth and the development of the longitudinal rolls (noted R/...

Science.gov (United States)

VORTEX VALVE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS. 49. VENTED VORTEX VALVE. 50. VORTEX DIVERTER VALVE- ... 46 AND VORTEX MIXING VALVE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A brief review and assessment of field measurement programs that provide data for mixed layer diffusion research is presented. The majority of programs emphasize either the meteorological aspects of the mixed layer or plume characterization. Few programs are available that provide the complimentary blend of plume and appropriate meteorological measurements needed to adequately validate mixed layer diffusion theory. Three major U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) field programs that provide data bases for model development and validation of mixed layer diffusion processes are described and discussed in more detail. The Regional Air Pollution Study (RAPS) focused on measurements of surface and mixed layer turbulent transport processes in the urban environment. The Tennessee Plume Study (TPS) obtained a database with coincident measurement of boundary layer turbulent structure ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... gamma radiation l conversion m conversion mev range 10-100 mixing ratio

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Based on a multi-zone spray-mixing approach, an air-fuel mixing and combustion model for a Direct Injection Diesel engine is presented. The predictions from the model show very good agreement with the experimental data for various engines under a wide range of operating conditions. Major physical processes are modeled and validated independently. The atomisation process is based on Binary Drop Division concept. Fuel droplets are considered randomly distributed in the spray. A spherico-symmetrical transient drop evaporation model is used for evaporation calculation. A 3-dimensional spray-swirl interaction is modeled on centreline velocity vector/continuum approach. Turbulent mixing is characterised considering all possible available energy sources in DI diesel engines.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A case of mycotic encephalitis in a horse with guttural pouch mycosis is described. A liquid pellet feed binder contaminated with Aspergillus sp. and erroneously mixed in a feed concentrate...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... to the north of the Qinling, through mixed deciduous broad-leaved forest at lower mountain elevations, and conifer forest at ... ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

density is slightly higher, its electrical conductivity is much higher, and it is slightly ... Sea water has characteristic properties (e.g. density) that are independent of ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a Lagrangian, particle-based method that is well suited to industrial mixing simulations. Mass transport is simply the motion of the particles, and its grid-free nature means that it can easily accommodate complicated geometries involving moving parts and sharp corners. This article describes 2D SPH simulations of a Twin Cam mixer and compares the results against experimental data and results from two published finite element method (FEM) simulations. To analyze the mixing processes in the Twin Cam mixer, we present a method for calculating the Finite-Time Lyapunov Exponent (FTLE) using SPH particle data. The FTLEs can be used to locate the unstable and stable manifolds in the flow and indicate where mixing is either promoted or inhibited in the flo...

Science.gov (United States)

Fuel treatments are being implemented on public and private lands across the western United States. Although scientists and managers have an understanding ... ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Raeder described five patients with mixed features of trigeminal nerve pathology and oculosympathetic impairment, with or without other cranial nerve lesions. This constellation of clinical features...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The decay of "1"0"1Mo to levels in "1"0"1Tc has been studied using the three-parameter (#gamma#-#gamma#-t) coincidence system of HpGe-HpGe detectors. From the coincidence data, the new decay scheme was constructed. The previously reported 104.70, 105.95 and 774.15 keV #gamma# rays were observed, and have been assigned to the decay scheme for the first time. A newly observed 1508.01 keV #gamma# ray has also been assigned to the scheme for the first time. The intensities of #beta#"- and the values of log ft to most levels were calculated

Science.gov (United States)

Based on the idea of dense coding of three-photon entangled state and qubit transmission in blocks, we present a multiparty controlled quantum secret direct communication scheme by using Greenberger Horne Zeilinger state. In the present scheme, the sender transmits three bits of secret message to the receiver directly and the secret message can only be recovered by the receiver under the permission of all the controllers. All three-photon entangled states are used to transmit the secret message except those chosen for eavesdropping check and the present scheme has a high source capacity because Greenberger Horne Zeilinger state forms a large Hilbert space.

CERN Document Server

In cluster-based routing protocol (CBRP), two-level hierarchical structure is successfully used to reduce over-flooding in wireless Ad Hoc networks. As it is vulnerable to a single point of failure, we propose a new adaptive distributed threshold scheme to replace the cluster head by a group of cluster heads within each cluster, called COUNCIL, and distribute the service of single cluster head to multiple cluster heads using (k,n) threshold secret sharing scheme. An Ad Hoc network formed by COUNCIL based clusters can work correctly when the number of compromised cluster heads is smaller than k. To implement this adaptive threshold scheme in wireless Ad Hoc Networks, membership of the clusters should be defined in an adaptive way. In this paper, we mainly discuss our algorithm for forming COUNCIL based clusters using the concept of dominating set from graph theory.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The aim of this study is to study the effects of Boron (B) pollution in Buyuk Menderes river on planted crops and agricultural areas constructed in the irrigation schemes by the State Hydraulic Works (DSI) of the Lower Buyuk Menderes basin, Turkey. The studied irrigation schemes in the basin are Saraykoy, Pamukkale, Nazilli, Aydin, Sultanhisar, Koarli, and Soke. Mean B concentrations of river water used in the irrigation schemes ranged from 0.10 to 0.43 mgB L-1 for the period of 2008 to 2009. A total of 100,556 ha of the agricultural area and the basin groundwater resources are under the influence of B pollution from the Buyuk Menderes river. The amount of B accumulating in soils and seepage in the groundwater due to the used irrigation water was 18,495,350 and 9153 kgB yr-1, resp...

Science.gov (United States)

Phenomena in power systems tend to exhibit higher nonlinearity, because efficient operation accompanies severer power transfer. In such cases, there might exist some limitation to the use of conventional linear control design scheme due to the nonlinearity. As for consideration to the nonlinearity, we have developed a nonlinear analysis method based on normal form theory. In this paper, we develop a new control design scheme based on the nonlinear analysis method. The developed method is effective in a case when oscillatory instability occurs. In the developed method, the parameters of control devices are adjusted so as to enlarge the stability limit against the oscillatory instability, unless each eigenvalue exceed its allowable threshold. We verify the effectiveness of the developed method in the IEEJ 10-machine System Model by applying to PSS (Power System Stabilizer). We show that the power transfer limit increases by a few percent.

Science.gov (United States)

The results of a computational scheme of Rose (a method for calculating solutions of parabolic equations with free boundary, Math. Comp., 14: 249-256(1960)) are compared with the known analytic solution of a single-phase Stefan problem with constant boundary temperature. Rose's scheme was implemented in FORTRAN on a DEC PDP-10. Computations were performed for Stefan numbers St = 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100. Three relative mesh sizes (..gamma.. = DT/(DX)/sup 2/ = 1/2, 1/6, and 1/25) were used. For each St, the relative mesh size had very little effect on accuracy. However, taking ..gamma.. = 1/25 resulted in dramatically increased computing time. The relative errors of temperature were large near the phase change front. 11 figures, 5 tables.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

All of the direct reaction schemes described and the corresponding process schemes are still in an exploratory state. Ethylene by oxidative coupling of methane could become competitive if process schemes are developed with significantly less expenditures for separation of the product from unconverted feed. No encouragement for formaldehyde from methane can be presently derived from the existing knowledge. Liquid-phase oxidation of methane to methanol appears to be attractive but no final judgement is possible at present. Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylene and propane look promising although further catalyst improvement is required. Acetic acid from ethane and acrylonitrile from propane have a certain potential as an alternative to present technology. The outlook for acrolein and acrylic acid from propane is less favourable; new concepts for catalyst design are necessary. (orig.)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A HydroSele S seal from James Walker has provided more than two years maintenance-free service at the large Entracque pumped-storage hydroelectric scheme in Italy.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is shown that within the framework of the Kershaw stochastic model generalized by the author to the relativistic case a Feynman-type process may be constructed which can formally be understood as a diffusion phenomenon in Euclidean space. This makes it possible to introduce a real probability measure in the scheme of quantum mechanics proposed by Feynman.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Detailed level and decay schemes and the experimental reaction and decay data on which they are based are presented for nuclei with mass number A = 242; the experimental data are evaluated. Adopted values for level and ..gamma..-ray energies, ..gamma..-intensities, as well as other nuclear properties are given.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The 1976 version of Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 99 (76Bu07) has been revised. Detailed level and decay schemes, arguments for J..pi.. assignments, and experimental data are presented. copyright 1988 Academic Press, Inc.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study of the joint evolution of the normal- and neutron-star components of massive binaries opens with a classification scheme and the analytic expressions to be applied in Paper II for computer simulation of the observable properties of such systems.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An important application of metal hydrides is as a moderator material in nuclear reactors. The fundamental properties of hydrides are illustrated and an impression given of the current research into hydrogen in transition metals. Phase diagrams, magnetic properties, temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient, energy level schemes and superconductivity are considered. (C.F.).

CERN Document Server

In this paper, we consider a $n_t\\times n_r$ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel subjected to block fading. Reliability (in terms of achieved diversity order) and rate (in number of symbols transmitted per channel use) are of interest in such channels. We propose a new precoding scheme which achieves both full diversity ($n_tn_r$th order diversity) as well as full rate ($n_t$ symbols per channel use) using partial channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), applicable in MIMO systems including $n_rscheme achieves full diversity and improved coding gain through an optimization over the choice of constellation sets. The optimization maximizes $d_{min}^2$ for our precoding scheme subject to an energy constraint. The scheme requires feedback of $n_t-1$ angle parameter values, compared to $2n_tn_r$ real coefficients in case of full CSIT. Error rate ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cracking resistance and metal damage are considered in relation to structural state for steam-pipe fittings during use. An approximate scheme is given for estimating the maximum permissible operating time in the plastic state in relation to the depth of an observed crack-type defect.

CERN Document Server

Studies on the large scale peer-to-peer (P2P) network like Gnutella have shown the presence of large number of free riders. Moreover, the open and decentralized nature of P2P network is exploited by malicious users who distribute unauthentic or harmful contents. Despite the existence of a number of trust management schemes in the literature for combating against free riding and distribution of malicious files, these mechanisms are not scalable due to their high computational, communication and storage overhead. These schemes also do not consider effect of trust management on quality-of-service (QoS) of the search. This paper presents a trust management scheme for P2P networks that minimizes distribution of spurious files by a novel technique called topology adaptation. It also reduces search time since most of the queries are resolved within the community of trustworthy peers. Simulation results indicate that the trust ...

Science.gov (United States)

Two-wave mixing in sillenite crystals such as bismuth silicon oxide (Bi12SiO20) and bismuth titanium oxide (Bi12TiO20) of (001)- and (221)-cuts for counterpropagating geometry was studied within the frame of slowly varying amplitude approximation. Electrooptic, photoelastic, piezoelectric, self-diffraction effects and optical activity were taken into account.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Refractive indices of some mixed compound semiconductors below the bandgap are presented on the basis of some fundamental parameters and the effect of lattice mismatch on the refractive index step is also studied. The results help to design a variety of opto-electronic devices for the use in optical fiber communication and heterostructure lasers. The calculated values agree well with available experimental values thus justifying the approach. (author).

CERN Document Server

We report an observation of a delayed all-optical routing/switching phenomenon based on ultraslow group velocity of light via nondegenerate four-wave mixing processes in a defected solid medium. Unlike previous demonstrations of enhanced four-wave mixing processes using the slow light effects, the present observation demonstrates a direct retrieval of the resonant Raman-pulse excited spin coherence into photon coherence through coherence conversion processes.

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fragrance mix II (FM II) is a relatively new screening marker for fragrance contact allergy. It was introduced in the patch test baseline series in Denmark in 2005 and contains six different fragrance chemicals commonly present in cosmetic products and which are known allergens.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Primary peritoneal malignant mixed mullerian tumors are very rare. We report the case of a patient presenting with pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen and in whom the physical examination demonstrated a peritoneal mass. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed the presence of a mass, with invasion of adjacent organs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sputter-removal rates of overlayer and interfacial species on silicon are analyzed to determine sputtering yields for the species involved. Sputtering yields up to two orders of magnitude lower than those measured for silicon are found, and the results are interpreted in terms of a cascade mixing process which continually reburies much of the overlayer material beyond the escape depth of the sputtered atoms.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To estimate the waste management needs of a fusion power reactor, a scheme for handling radioactive waste from a fusion plant has been devised. The handling scheme proceeds with radioactive waste, primarily from blanket replacement, being stored on-site; waste in cooled and shielded casks is then isolated off-site; finally, the materials are recycled. Using activities and component lifetimes supplied by designers, several conceptual fusion power reactors have been analyzed and their waste streams compared to fission reactors with regard to total activity, specific activity, and lifetimes of activity.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A metamaterial that is composed of solid viscoelastic elements with controllable properties is proposed in this Letter. This enables an adaptable and general acoustic metamaterial to be practically realised. An array of masses with a single elastic connection to a supporting viscoelastic structure, such as one that is dynamically equivalent to an array of Helmholtz resonators, only provides a system with negative effective mass. A local active control scheme applied to each of these masses can emulate additional elastic connections to the supporting structure. An array of masses with a suitable local control scheme can provide both the negative effective stiffness and mass required for negative refraction. The tuneable feedback control parameters determine the characteristics of the region...

CERN Document Server

Steeghs et al. (1997) have found the first convincing evidence for spiral structure in the accretion disc in IP Pegasi. We perform two kinds of 2D hydrodynamic simulations, a SFS finite volume scheme and a SPH scheme, in the case of mass ratio of 0.5. Both results agree well each other. We construct the Doppler maps and line flux-binary phase relation based on the density distributions. Both of our results agree well with those obtained by the observation.

CERN Document Server

This paper proposes a self-optimized coverage coordination scheme for two-tier femtocell networks, in which a femtocell base station adjusts the transmit power based on the statistics of the signal and the interference power that is measured at a femtocell downlink. Furthermore, an analytic expression is derived for the coverage leakage probability that a femtocell coverage area leaks into an outdoor macrocell. The coverage analysis is verified by simulation, which shows that the proposed scheme provides sufficient indoor femtocell coverage and that the femtocell coverage does not leak into an outdoor macrocell.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present a simple protocol to purify a coherent-state superposition that has undergone a linear lossy channel. The scheme constitutes only a single beam splitter and a homodyne detector, and thus is experimentally feasible. In practice, a superposition of coherent states is transformed into a classical mixture of coherent states by linear loss, which is usually the dominant decoherence mechanism in optical systems. We also address the possibility of producing a larger amplitude superposition state from decohered states, and show that in most cases the decoherence of the states are amplified along with the amplitude.

CERN Document Server

Many mobile ad hoc network protocols use simple flooding, in order to adapt to changes in time varying network topology. Most of the times, a network-wide flood results in redundant packets and increases network congestion, probability of packet collision, low utilization of available bandwidth, and most important, higher power consumption. In this paper, we propose a new cross-layer broadcast scheme to minimize broadcast traffic in mobile ad hoc networks. Our scheme is based on use of received signal strength indicator, RSSI, value to reduce the number of broadcast packets. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is verified using simulations.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The #gamma#-radiation following thermal neutron capture in "1"0"0Mo has been studied by singles and coincidence measurements. A "1"0"1Mo level scheme has been deduced and is compared with the results of previous (d,p), (n,#gamma#) and "1"0"1Nb decay studies. The existence of the first excited state at 13.51 keV has been confirmed. The present data yield a neutron binding energy of 5398.4 KeV. (Auth.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We discuss the inclusive production of D{sup *{+-}} mesons in {gamma}p collisions at DESY HERA, based on a calculation at next-to-leading order in the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme. In this approach, MS subtraction is applied in such a way that large logarithmic corrections are resummed in universal parton distribution and fragmentation functions and finite mass terms are taken into account. We present detailed numerical results for a comparison with data obtained at HERA and discuss various sources of theoretical uncertainties. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This annex provides a description of the sensor schemes and the non-destructive testing (NDT) methods that have been investigated in this project. Acoustic emission and fibre optic sensors are described in some detail whereas only the key features of well-established NDT methods are presented. Estimates of the cost of different sensor systems are given and the advantages and disadvantages of the different schemes is discussed. (au)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gamma-rays and conversion electrons emitted in the "1"1"7Cs and "1"1"7Xe decays have been studied from on-line mass-separated "1"1"7Cs sources at the ISOLDE facility. A new "1"1"7Xe decay scheme has been constructed and a level scheme has been established for the "1"1"7Cs decay. The results are discussed in the frame of our recent knowledge about odd-mass neutron-deficient I and Xe systematics.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report briefly describes the background to colliery engineering maintenance, past experience in machine condition monitoring within coal preparation and the introduction of condition-based maintenance. A role model scheme has been developed for the introduction of condition-based maintenance into coal preparation plants. The report describes the instrumentation and monitoring methods suitable for application to most mineral processing plants, the use of specialist companies to monitor, gather, process and analyse the information and the actions taken by the colliery. Examples of the benefits of operating such a scheme are given in terms of safety, performance and finance. Other problematical aspects of coal processing are examined which have a direct effect on plant condition and availability.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new scheme of the longitudinal emittance measurement for high energy negative ion beam is proposed. The energy distribution of the detached electron from the negative ions by the photodetachment process, if the photon energy is almost equal to the electron binding energy of the negative ion (=electron affinity of the atom), reflects that of the original negative ions. Therefore, by introducing the photon in a short width comparing with the bunch width of the negative ion beam, the longitudinal energy distribution of each phase of the beam, that is the longitudinal emittance, can be measured. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Mixed Waste Landfill occupies 2.6 acres in the north-central portion of Technical Area 3 at Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico. The landfill accepted low-level radioactive and mixed waste from March 1959 to December 1988. This report represents the Corrective Measures Study that has been conducted for the Mixed Waste Landfill. The purpose of the study was to identify, develop, and evaluate corrective measures alternatives and recommend the corrective measure(s) to be taken at the site. Based upon detailed evaluation and risk assessment using guidance provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the New Mexico Environment Department, the U.S. Department of Energy and Sandia National Laboratories recommend that a vegetative soil cover be deployed as the preferred corrective measure for the Mixed Waste Landfill. The cover would be of sufficient thickness to store ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The mixing process of feedwater and reactor water in the downcomer of an internal-pump BWR (Forsmark 1 and 2) has been numerically modelled by means of a CFD-code (FLUENT/UNS). Earlier studies with a very rough model, have shown that a new sparger design is necessary to achieve an effective HWC through improved mixing in the downcomer,. This requires detailed and accurate modelling of the flow, not only for determining the mixing quality but for avoiding negative effects like increased thermal loading of internal parts. Through three 22.5deg models containing a sparger end and half the region between spargers, the principles of a new design have been defined. Their length scales range from 7-14 mm to ca 12 m. Also the steam separator region has been incorporated in the models. A 90deg model shows that they are sufficiently accurate for the actual region. The results cannot be generalised to other regions between spargers ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The potential use of uranium in the field of catalysis is presented in the first part of this paper. Numerous applications of uranium binary oxides, as well as mixed oxides, are reviewed with a special emphasis on the role of U-Sb-O catalysts in selective oxidation (and ammoxidation) processes. Attempts are made to correlate the electronic structure of uranium, and especially the role that 5f electrons play in bonding, with its promising catalytic properties. In the second part, new data are given for uranium-bismuth mixed oxides in the catalytic oxidation of CO by O_2. Kinetic tests performed in a flow microreactor allow a mechanism to be proposed that involves the direct participation of lattice oxygen of the catalyst in the chemical process (redox mechanism). The high activity can be related to the ability of uranium to change reversibly its oxidation state. (author).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The physicochemical properties of binary lipid mixtures of diether C25,25 lipids and dipalmitoyl-L-a-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) were studied using photon correlation, fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. These two types of lipids can be mixed at all molar ratios to form unilamellar and multilamellar liposomes. Fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatrien in mixed liposomes indicates that the abrupt changes in order parameter in the hydrophobic part of bilayer membranes made of DPPC lipids disappears with increasing mol%C25,25 lipids. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy shows that at temperatures below 50^oC, the interfacial regions of membrane bilayer of mixed liposomes is more fluid than for pure DPPC lipo...

CERN Document Server

The seesaw-extended MSSM provides a framework in which the observed light neutrino masses and mixing angles can be generated in the context of a natural theory for the TeV-scale. Sneutrino-mixing phenomena provides valuable tools for connecting the physics of neutrinos and supersymmetry. We examine the theoretical structure of the seesaw-extended MSSM, retaining the full complexity of three generations of neutrinos and sneutrinos. In this general framework, new flavor-changing and CP-violating sneutrino processes are allowed, and are parameterized in terms of two $3\\times 3$ matrices that respectively preserve and violate lepton number. The elements of these matrices can be bounded by analyzing the rate for rare flavor-changing decays of charged leptons and the one-loop contribution to neutrino masses. In the former case, new contributions arise in the seesaw extended model which are not present in the ordinary MSSM. In the latter case, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The potential use of uranium in the field of catalysis is presented in the first part of this paper. Numerous applications of uranium binary oxides, as well as mixed oxides, are reviewed with a special emphasis on the role of U-Sb-O catalysts in selective oxidation (and ammoxidation) processes. Attempts are made to correlate the electronic structure of uranium, and especially the role that 5f electrons play in bonding, with its promising catalytic properties. In the second part, new data are given for uranium-bismuth mixed oxides in the catalytic oxidation of CO by O/sub 2/. Kinetic tests performed in a flow microreactor allow a mechanism to be proposed that involves the direct participation of lattice oxygen of the catalyst in the chemical process (redox mechanism). The high activity can be related to the ability of uranium to change reversibly its oxidation state.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Four methods were used to extract length scales from mixing data: the maximum striation thickness, point-to-nearest-neighbour (PNN) distributions, the correlogram and the variogram. Four test data sets were analysed: blending in a micromixer; particle dispersion in a stirred tank; dispersion of a smoke plume and a pulse tracer test in a reactor. The maximum striation thickness captures the largest length scale. The PNN method quantifies differences between clustered, random and regular spatial distributions. The correlogram calculation cannot be consistently used for all types of mixing data and has therefore been rejected. The variogram reveals both large-scale segregation and periodicity. Sub-sampling is needed to isolate smaller structures. The variogram, PNN and transect metho...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This experimental research investigates mixed convection and heat transfer augmentation by gaseous forced jets in a large enclosure, at conditions simulating those of passive containment cooling systems for Gen III+ passively safe reactors. The experiment is designed to measure the key parameters governing heat transfer augmentation by forced jets, and to investigate the effects of geometric factors, including the jet diameter, jet injection orientation, interior structures, and enclosure aspect ratio. The tests cover a variety of injection modes leading to flow configurations of interest for mixing and stratification phenomena in containments under accident conditions. Correlations for heat transfer augmentation by forced jets are developed and compared with experimental data. The characteristic recirculation speed inside the enclosure is introduced and analyzed. Steady stratified temperature distributions are compared with model simulations ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Methodology, characteristics, features and results obtained for greenhouse gases within the recent Swiss LCA study 'Environmental Life-Cycle Inventories of Energy Systems' are presented. The focus of the study is on existing average Full Energy Chains (FENCHs) in the electricity generation mixes in Europe and in Switzerland. The systems, including coal (hard coal and lignite), oil, natural gas, nuclear and hydro, are discussed one by one as well as part of the electricity mixes. Photovoltaic systems are covered separately since they are not included in the electricity mixes. A sensitivity analysis on methane leakage during long-range transport via pipeline is shown. Whilst within the current study emissions are not attributed to specific countries, the main sectors contributing to the total GHGs emissions calculated for the various FENCHs are specified. (author). 10 refs, 10 figs, 9 tabs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

An experimental study was performed to investigate the heat transfer characteristics of the mixed convection flow through a horizontal rectangular channel where open-cell metal foams of different pore densities (10, 20 and 30 PPI) were situated. A uniform heat flux was applied at all of the bounding walls of the channel. For each of three values of the uniform heat flux, temperatures were measured on the entire surfaces of the walls. Results for the average and local Nusselt numbers are presented as functions of the Reynolds and Richardson numbers. The Reynolds number based on the channel height of the rectangular channel was varied from 600 to 33000, while the Richardson number ranged from 0.02 to 103, extending over forced, mixed and natural convection. Second important parameter that in...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Effect of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fiber and poly(methyl acrylate) grafted OPEFB on several mechanical properties of poly(vinyl chloride)/epoxidized natural rubber (PVC/ENR) blends were studied. The composites were prepared by mixing the fiber and the PVC/ENR blends using HAKEE Rheomixer at the rotor speed of 50 rpm, mixing temperature 150degreeC, and mixing period of 20 min. The fiber loadings were varied from 0 to 30% and the effect of fiber content in the composites on their ultimate tensile strength (UTS), Youngs modulus, elongation at break, flexural modulus, hardness, and impact strength were determined. An increasing trend was observed in the Youngs modulus, flexural modulus, and hardness with the addition of grafted and ungrafted fiber to the PVC/ENR blends. However the i...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cerium L_3 XANES (x-ray-absorption near-edge-structure) spectra were analyzed to separate Ce moment contributions and mixed valence (MV) in complex magnetic silicides CePd_2_-_xMn_xSi_2 (0#<=#x#<=#2). The Ce valence mixing does not vary linearly with x, but increases rapidly for x#>=#1.5. The associated moment collapse correlates with pronounced deviations of the unit-cell volume from Vegard law and the onset of structural instability. Reorientation of [001] Mn 3d antiferromagnetic order for x<2 appears to rapidly suppress the weak Ce valence mixing coexisting with antiferromagnetic order in CeMn_2Si_2.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

VSP data are usually acquired in order to obtain high-resolution images of complex structures in reservoirs and near boreholes. The authors present an elastic iterative migration scheme which has few limitations regarding the complexity of the geology, and where the macromodel for both P- and S-wave velocities is automatically improved and updated at each iteration. They avoid wavefield separation (up/down and P/S) and the simplifying assumptions of small dips underlying most such methods. The migration scheme is based on elastic inversion theory. The wavefield extrapolation is based on a high-order, coarse-grid, finite-difference solution to the elastic two-way wave equation. At each iteration, the macromodel is updated using a gradient method, in which the gradient is computed by correlation of forward-modelled fields with back-propagated residual fields. The first iteration of the migration scheme is equivalent to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

After having recalled the formal convergence of the semi-classical multi-species Boltzmann equations toward the multi-species Euler system (i.e. mixture of gases having the same velocity), we generalize to this system the closure relations proposed by B. Despres and by F. Lagoutiere for the multi-components Euler system (i.e. mixture of non miscible fluids having the same velocity). Then, we extend the energy relaxation schemes proposed by F. Coquel and by B. Perthame for the numerical resolution of the mono-species Euler system to the multi-species isothermal Euler system and to the multi-components isobar-isothermal Euler system. This allows to obtain a class of entropic schemes under a CFL criteria. In the multi-components case, this class of entropic schemes is perhaps a way for the treatment of interface problems and, then, for the treatment of the numerical mixture area by using a Lagrange + projection ...

Science.gov (United States)

1 yellow cake mix 1 container star sprinkles 1 box of regular ice cream cones 2 vanilla frosting containers 1 box Teddy Grahams Green food coloring ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Mixed Waste Management Facility, or MWMF, has been proposed as a national testbed facility for the demonstration and evaluation of technologies that are alternatives to incineration for the treatment of mixed low-level waste. The facility design will enable evaluation of technologies at pilot scale, including all aspects of the processes, from receiving and feed preparation to the preparation of final forms for disposal. The MWMF will reduce the risk of deploying such technologies by addressing the following: (1) Engineering development and scale-up. (2) Process integration and activation of the treatment systems. (3) Permitting and stakeholder issues. In light of the severe financial constraints imposed on the DOE and federal programs, DOE/HQ requested a study to assess the cost benefit for the MWMF given other potential alternatives to meet waste treatment needs. The MVVMF Project was asked to consider alternatives specifically associated ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The angular ..gamma gamma..-correlations for nuclei of Sr even-even isotopes with A=82, 84, 86, 88 were measured. Multipole structurs of ..gamma..-transtion series and th coefficients multipole mixing were determined.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Every cook knows that microwaves and metal don't mix. But scientists at the National Institute of Standards have devised a way to make them compatible. If it all pans out, hospitals may be able to sterilize medical instruments and waste in a device similar to a conventional microwave oven.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The Neurofibromatosis-2 (NF2) tumor suppressor merlin negatively regulates cell proliferation in numerous cell types. We have previously shown that the NF2...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The rate and capacity for chloroform (CF) and trichloroethylene (TCE) transformation by a mixed methanotrophic culture of resting cells (no exogenous energy source) and formate-fed cells were measured....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and the PCR assay were used in combination with dilution plating on a semiselective medium to detect and enumerate propagules of Trichoderma...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundIs living alone a risk factor for depression among older adults? Previous research is mixed and inconclusive, and it is unclear whether living alone influences psychological...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laboratory experiments were conducted to simulate the transfer of acidic THOREX waste from Tank 8D-4 into the alkaline PUREX waste in Tank 8D-2 at West Valley. The purpose of the experiments was to explore means of minimizing the production of nitric oxide (NO) gas during mixing of the two wastes and to assess the potential for the gas to further react in the vapor space possibly leading to enhanced corrosion of the tank walls. Forty one THOREX/PUREX mixing tests were conducted to explore the effects of stirring rate, pH, THOREX addition rate, THOREX or PUREX dilution, and temperature. The two most important criteria for minimizing NO production were to maintain some degree of agitation and the keep the pH in the PUREX high, preferably >12. Steel corrosion tests were performed in the presence of low partial pressures of NO{sub 2} and liquid water or water vapor. The NO{sub 2} (from oxidation of NO in the vapor space) concentrations were ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Xe ion irradiation of NiSi, PdSi, and PtSi on Si was performed at various substrate temperatures. The phase formation and mixing behavior of the three monosilicides with their Si substrates are quite different. For NiSi, NiSi_2 was formed on amorphous Si substrates at 350 "0C, while NiSi remained stable on crystalline Si substrates even at 400 "0C. PtSi reacted with Si to form a metastable Pt_4Si_9 phase, which decomposed back to PtSi and Si by successive irradiation at higher temperatures. The decomposition of the metastable Pt_4Si_9 was easier on crystalline Si substrates than on amorphous substrates. No mixing was observed for PdSi on Si in the temperature range of 35--400 "0C. The ion mixing results were compared with those from thermal annealing. The importance of demixing of a thermally stable system was explored.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A parameterized surface wave-induced vertical mixing (B"v) is incorporated into the Modular Ocean Model version 4 (MOM4). A comparison of the two numerical experiments with and without B"v shows that B"v can significantly improve the upper-ocean (20-100m) simulation in summer. The simulated upper-ocean temperature errors are reduced in summer due to the surface wave-induced vertical diffusive heat flux. The non-breaking-wave-induced vertical mixing can increase the probability of the simulated SST biases between -1^oC and 1^oC from 64% to 76% in the Southern Hemisphere (60^oS-10^oS) in January, and from 66% to 75% in the Northern Hemisphere (10^oN-60^oN) in July. The averaged mixed layer depth (MLD) simulated by the MOM4 without B"v is 14.4m shallower than the observations in 10^oS-60^oS i...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe burden of non-communicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes, is growing in South Africa. This country has a complex mix of over- and under-nutrition, especially...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A numerical investigation of the mixing of gaseous uranium and hydrogen inside an open-cycle gas core nuclear rocket engine (spherical geometry) is presented. The gaseous uranium fuel is injected near the centerline of the spherical engine cavity at a constant mass flow rate, and the hydrogen propellant is injected around the periphery of the engine at a five degree angle to the wall, at a constant mass flow rate. The main objective is to seek ways to minimize the mixing of uranium and hydrogen by choosing a suitable injector geometry for the mixing of light and heavy gas streams. Three different uranium inlet areas are presented, and also three different turbulent models (k-var-epsilon model, RNG k-var-epsilon model, and RSM model) are investigated. The commercial CFD code, FLUENT, is used to model the flow field. Uranium mole fraction, axial mass flux, and radial mass flux contours are obtained. copyright 1997 American ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The studies of forced jet augmentation of natural convection heat transfer are introduced. It investigates experimentally mixed convection and heat transfer augmentation by forced jets in a large rectangular enclosure with a vertical cooling surface. The experiment is designed to measure the key parameters governing the heat transfer augmentation by a forced jet, and to investigate the effects of geometric factors, including the jet diameter, jet injection orientation, interior structures, and enclosure aspect ratio, on conditions simulating those of actual passive containment cooling systems and scales approaching those of actual containment buildings or compartments. The tests that cover a variety of injection modes will contribute to reveal the nature of mixing and stratification phenomena under accident conditions to a new generation of inherently safe reactors. With similarity considerations on governing equations, the heat transfer of ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The interaction of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) with mixed bilayers composed of sphingomylein and cholesterol (Chol) above and below the accepted stable complexation...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Recently developed molecular methods have made it possible to characterize mixed microflora in their entirety, including the substantial numbers of bacteria which do not grow on artificial culture media....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A small-sample survey of consumer preferences for a second car - featuring both conventional and electric vehicle choices - indicates a proelectric bias. The potential of electric cars in the utility market largely depends on dramatic improvements in battery technology and the right mix of electricity and gasoline prices.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Secure Automated Fabrication (SAF) line, an automated and remotely controlled manufacturing process, is scheduled for startup in 1987 and will produce mixed uranium/plutonium oxide fuel pins for the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). The application of robotics in the fuel fabrication and supporting operations is described.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

RationaleTwo pharmacotherapies are approved for treating alcohol craving (acamprosate and naltrexone), but both have shown mixed findings in animals and humans.Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Fuel treatments are being widely implemented on public and private lands across the western U.S. While scientists and managers have an understanding of how ... ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Synthetic complementary oligonucleotides are useful hybridization probes for the detection of mRNAs and genes encoding proteins for which only a partial amino acid sequence is known. Usually this involves...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The search for the mixing angle Formula Not Shown , the last unknown angle in the neutrino mixing matrix, is one of the main priorities in the field of neutrino physics. By measuring Formula Not Shown to better than 0.01 at 90% C.L., the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment has the highest sensitivity to this parameter among all the other experiments that are currently operating or under construction. The experiment consists of multiple identical detectors placed underground at different baselines from three groups of reactors, a configuration that minimizes systematic errors and cosmogenic backgrounds. The main aspects of the experiment, as well as its current status and future prospects, are reviewed.

CERN Document Server

The Schmidt decomposition is an important tool in the study of quantum systems especially for the quantification of the entanglement of pure states. However, the Schmidt decomposition is only unique for bipartite pure states, and {\\it some} multipartite pure states. Here a generalized Schmidt decomposition is given for a class of mixed quantum states. It is shown that it shares some desirable properties with its pure-state counterpart, but lacks some properties which make the pure-state decomposition so important. Experimental methods for the identification of this class of mixed states are provided and some examples are discussed which show the utility of this description.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Two experiments are currently underway to measure the single-particle weak mixing matrix element for the 1064 KeV transition in "2"0"7Pb. One experiment measures the circular polarization of the 1064 KeV gamma ray emitted from an unpolarized source, while the other experiment measures the forward-backward asymmetry of gamma rays emitted from a polarized source. Analysis of the first set of polarized source data yields an upper limit of 46 eV for the single-particle weak mixing matrix element. copyright 1995 American Institute of Physics.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper deals with a mixed convection water flow in a horizontal rectangular duct, uniformly heated from one lateral vertical wall and thermally insulated elsewhere. The supplied heat flux induces a secondary flow, which structure is constituted of one longitudinal roll in the considered aspect ratio (??=?1.9), embedded into a return flow of possibly large stream wise extension (up to twenty channel heights). Such situation induces helicoidal trajectories for the fluid flow particles, which contributes to a heat transfer enhancement compared to purely forced convection flow.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thermal striping is identified as one of the causes of thermal fatigue failure in nuclear power plants. Numerical studies of thermal striping require three-dimensional, unsteady turbulent modeling that resolves both large and small-scale turbulent motions. Benchmark studies were carried out using the LES turbulence model solved by the commercial CFD code FLUENT. Two types of mixing tee configurations were modeled to evaluate the performance of the CFD code. The simulation results presented in normalized average temperature and normalized fluctuating temperatures are in good agreement with measurements.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There is very little quantitative documentation of actual improvements resulting from the installation of new general ventilation systems in industrial settings. Therefore the performance of the common mixing design principle was compared to the displacement design principle by means of an intervention study in a workshop (V = 12,000 m[sup 3]), where thermoplastics were moulded. An experimental signal-response tracer gas technique was used. In terms of supplying fresh air to the zone of occupancy the displacement system was better than the mixing system by a factor of 2. In terms of the exposure level to a simulated contaminant (tracer gas) the displacement system was better by a factor 1.5-18. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The steady state ampacity is calculated for mixed electric power underground cable circuits in a single trench or ductbank. The methodology presented in this paper can be applied to any practical number of balanced, three phase circuits (each in trefoil, pipe or conduit) of different voltage classes, cable sizes, load currents and cable systems to located anywhere within a single trench or ductbank. The different thermal resistivities of the backfill or ductbank and the surrounding soil are taken into consideration. A practical example for 10 circuits in a trench is provided.

Science.gov (United States)

In a relativistic density-functional theory the importance of the transverse photon contribution to the exchange potential in the high-density regime is pointed out. A neutral atom /sup 92/U is studied and its orbital energies calculated in the present scheme are compared with previous calculations based on relativistic Hartree, Dirac-Slater, and Dirac-Fock schemes and with experimental values from (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) ESCA studies. The present scheme is also used to calculate the orbital and total energies of some highly stripped ions of the Li isoelectronic sequence which occur as impurities in controlled thermonuclear plasma. These energies are found to be in close agreement with more involved Dirac-Fock results. Also, the relativistic effects significantly increase in going from C/sup 3 +/ to W/sup 71 +/ because the electronic density reaches values for which relativistic effects become large.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The energy recovery scheme at Mucking Marshes landfill site, operated by Cory Environmental Limited, has been in operation since October 1991. Using landfill gas abstracted from the site, a gas turbine generates up to 3.2 MW net electric power for export. Operation and performance of the scheme has been monitored over the period January 1995 to August 1996. Overall performance since the first use of the turbine has also been studied, and has shown reliable and profitable operation. The capital cost of the gas turbine and gas compressor plant was approximately 1.8 million. Actual gas collection wells, pipework, pumping and monitoring facilities, while essential to the scheme, are considered part of the gas control equipment needed for the landfill site. Based on a notional electricity selling price of 4p/kWh, the current annual income from exported power is 550,000. This would be substantially increased by increasing the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

High-resolution sequence stratigraphy concepts are applied to Erema, a Miocene onshore field of the Niger delta. The field's production is decreasing and an up-to-date geological model is essential to monitor the production. We aim to show an approach, using subsurface data and sequence stratigraphic concepts, which results in a time-line (Maximum Flooding Surfaces) correlation scheme. This scheme is based upon a facies model and is destined to guide the study of the characterization of reservoir heterogeneities. Using the cored well as a reference point, the facies model consists of shoreface dunes (planar tabular cross-stratified sandstones) changing landward into fluvial distributary deposits (through cross-stratified sandstones) via a tide-influenced coastal plain facies. The stacking pattern of genetic units shows a seaward stepping phase at the reservoir scale (sixty metres thick) with an abrupt deepening at the top of the ...

CERN Document Server

The detailed formulation for loop quantum cosmology (LQC) in the Bianchi I model with a scalar massless field has been constructed. In this paper, its effective dynamics is studied in two improved strategies for implementing the LQC discreteness corrections. Both schemes show that the big bang is replaced by the big bounces, which take place up to three times, once in each diagonal direction, when the area or volume scale factor approaches the critical values in the Planck regime measured by the reference of the scalar field momentum. These two strategies give different evolutions: In one scheme, the effective dynamics is independent of the choice of the finite sized cell prescribed to make Hamiltonian finite; in the other, the effective dynamics reacts to the macroscopic scales introduced by the boundary conditions. Both schemes reveal interesting symmetries of scaling, which are reminiscent of the relational ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Interactions beween a high latitude, continental shelf, spring phytoplankton bloom and water column physics and chemistry were studied using /sup 15/N measured rates of nitrogen uptake. Peak bloom conditions commenced when the mixed layer shallowed and minimized respirational losses. Integrative light-mixing growth models were accurate during early bloom stages. An advection-diffusion model associated peak bloom nitrate uptake with pycnocline mixing rates of 2.1 m d/sup -1/ in an 18 m mixed layer. Maximum nitrogen specific uptake rates (hr/sup -1/), unlike those of carbon, coincided with peak bloom conditions. Although species compositions among peak bloom periods were similar, particulate C/N ratios were not. Apparently, both intercellular factors and prevailing mixing conditions influence specific uptake rates and cell composition. A large proportion of new (nitrate) to total ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper describes the unique challenges involved in achieving compliance with the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (Public Law 94-580) Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR) treatment standards for four types of mixed wastes generated throughout the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) complex: (1) radioactively contaminated lead acid batteries; (2) radioactively contaminated cadmium-, mercury-, and silver-containing batteries; (3) mercury-bearing mixed wastes; and (4) radioactive lead solids. For each of these mixed waste types, the paper identifies the strategy pursued by DOE's Office of Pollution Prevention and Resource Conservation Policy and Guidance (EH-43) in coordination with other DOE elements and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to meet the compliance challenge. Specifically, a regulatory interpretation was obtained from EPA agreeing that the LDR treatment standard for wastes in the D008 'Radioactive ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Kemp's Ridley sea turtle, Lepidochelys kempi, is an endangered species. The National Marine Fisheries Service's Head Start program is part of an international operation to save the turtles from extinction. Under the Head Start program, eggs from the Ridley's only known wild nesting beach at Rancho Nuevo in Mexico are transported to Padre Island on the Texas coast to be hatched. The head start enables the turtles to develop a survival advantage. The principal objective was to develop baseline waste-characterization data required to design a waste-water treatment scheme for the Galveston Head Start facility. As a secondary objective, preliminary testing of some filtration components was undertaken to determine which units were most appropriate for inclusion in a wastewater treatment scheme.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Our investigation concerns the class of Josephson-like systems, sharing the same nonlinear Hamiltonian. Among the latter a Josephson junction with an external biasing circuit is considered. We diagonalize the fully nonlinear Hamiltonian (in the superconductive regime of the junction) in the Fock space of the TBHA (two-boson Heisenberg algebra) and prove that such algebra leads quite naturally to the theoretical realization of codewords and logical operators: the codewords are defined as the even and odd coherent states of the TBHA, while the logical operators are expressed in terms of operators in the same algebra. Our theoretical construction corresponds to a continuous variable quantum computation scheme; the continuous variables are identified in terms of the physical operators of the junction. The link between this scheme and the technique of fermionization of bosonic systems is also discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The group- V vacancy pair, the so-called E-center, has recently been demonstrated to have, both in Si and Ge, more complicated energy-level schemes in the energy gap than were previously assumed. The E-center in silicon has, in addition to its well-established single-acceptor level in the upper half of the band gap, also a donor level in the lower half of the band gap; this donor level has lain hidden for more than 40 years. The E-center in Ge has an even more complicated level scheme as it induces, in addition to two levels analogous to those found in Si, also a double-acceptor level in the upper half of the band gap. Thus the E-center in Si can exist in three charge states and the E-center in Ge in four.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The light curves produced by all-sky monitors, such as the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer All-Sky Monitor and the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT), generally have non-uniform error bars. In searching for periodic modulation in this type of data using power spectra it can be important to use appropriate weighting of data points to achieve the best sensitivity. It was recently demonstrated that for Swift BAT data a simple weighting scheme can actually sometimes reduce the sensitivity of the power spectrum depending on source brightness. Instead, a modified weighting scheme, based on the Cochran semi-weighted mean, gives improved results independent of source brightness. We investigate the benefits of weighting power spectra in period searches using simulated GLAST LAT observations of {gamma}-ray binaries.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The optical spectroscopy measurements of gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) crystals doped with Yb show evidence of the presence of non-equivalent optical centers with very similar radiative decay rates. The energy level schemes of those centers have been determined on the basis of optical absorption, luminescence and Raman experiments. Crystal field fitting resulted in two sets of slightly different crystal field parameters for two non-equivalent Yb centers. Both sets of parameters describe perfectly the experimentally detected Y b3+ energy levels. Correlation between systematic trends in the experimental energy level schemes and crystal field parameters is discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recently Emma and Stupakov identified a fatal flaw in a Free Electron Laser (FEL) beam conditioning scheme. They showed that the conditioning is always accompanied by a projected transverse emittance growth that is so large as to make the beam conditioning completely impractical for short wavelength FELs. Furthermore, they provided a general proof along with evidence of computer simulation and reached a conclusion that any beam conditioner, regardless of the method, would suffer from the same constraints and limitations. In this paper, the author proposes an easy surgical removal of the fatal flaw by making a critical yet simple modification to the very scheme analyzed, thus resurrect the beam conditioning for short wavelength FELs. More generally, the also explain why a general search for removing have failed, why the concept and definition of beam conditioning.

Science.gov (United States)

We present a quantum secure direct communication scheme achieved by swapping quantum entanglement. In this scheme a set of ordered Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs is used as a quantum information channel for sending secret messages directly. After insuring the safety of the quantum channel, the sender Alice encodes the secret messages directly by applying a series local operations on her particle sequences according to their stipulation. Using three EPR pairs, three bits of secret classical information can be faithfully transmitted from Alice to remote Bob without revealing any information to a potential eavesdropper. By both Alice and Bob's GHZ state measurement results, Bob is able to read out the encoded secret messages directly. The protocol is completely secure if perfect quantum channel is used, because there is not a transmission of the qubits carrying the secret message between Alice and Bob in the public channel.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper describes a state-of-the-art online monitoring system using multivariate statistical technologies for continuous steel casting process, which was commissioned at Dofasco's No. 2 caster to provide consistent indication of process health for caster's start-up, continuous production and transitional operations. The paper particularly focuses on development of a novel scheme to synchronize process trajectories for monitoring specific transitional operations such as equipment or steel product grade changes. The proposed scheme is demonstrated by several industrial examples with the results showing good detectability of various process abnormalities. With the aid of this fully integrated, innovative monitoring system, Dofasco has generated significant value through improved productivi...