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We present a supersymmetric renormalization group fixed point determination of the third generation fermion masses, in which the large mass ratio between the top and bottom quarks is attributed to a hierarchy in the vacuum expectation values of the two Higgs doublets. Above a supersymmetry breaking scale, M{sub s}, we use the minimal supersymmetric standard model with a transition at M{sub s} to the standard model with only one Higgs- doublet effective. The mass predictions result from renormalization group evolution of large Yukawa couplings at M{sub x} {approximately} 1016 GeV. Averaging over a wide range of these couplings, not subject to any symmetry requirements, gives m{sub t} = 184.3{plus_minus}6.8 GeV, m{sub b} = 4.07{plus_minus}0.33 GeV, m{sub {tau}} = 1.78{plus_minus}0.33 GeV and a light Higgs mass m{sub h}o = 121.8{plus_minus}4.3 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper, we study the J/#psi#(#UPSILON#) production in Z boson decay in a color-singlet model (CSM). We calculate the next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD correction to Z#->#quarkonium+QQ, the dominant contribution in the CSM, with the vector and axial-vector parts in the ZQQ vertex being treated separately. The results show that the vector and axial-vector parts have the same K factor (the ratio of the NLO result to the leading-order result) 1.13 with the renormalization scale #mu#=2m_c and m_c=1.5 GeV, and the K factor falls to 0.918 when applying the Brodsky, Lepage, and Mackenzie (BLM) renormalization scale scheme with obtained #mu#_B_L_M=2.28 GeV and m_c=1.5 GeV. By including the contributions from the next-dominant ones, the photon and gluon fragmentation processes, the branching ratio for Z#->#J/#psi#_p_r_o_m_p_t+X is (7.3-10.0)x10"-"5 with the uncertainty consideration for the renormalization scale and charm ...

CERN Document Server

We review an analysis of a consistent renormalization of the top and bottom quark/squark sector of the MSSM with complex parameters (cMSSM). Various renormalization schemes are defined, analyzed analytically and tested numerically in the decays Stop_2 -> Sbottom_i H^+/W^+ (i = 1,2). No scheme is found that produces numerically acceptable results over all the cMSSM parameter space, where problems occur mostly already for real parameters. Some numerical examples for Gamma(Stop_2 -> Sbottom_1 H^+) in our preferred scheme, "m_b, A_b DRbar" are shown.

CERN Document Server

We study the renormalization group running of the tri-bimaximal mixing predicted by the two typical $S_4$ flavor models at leading order. Although the textures of the mass matrices are completely different, the evolution of neutrino mass and mixing parameters is found to display approximately the same pattern. For both normal hierarchy and inverted hierarchy spectrum, the quantum corrections to both atmospheric and reactor neutrino mixing angles are so small that can be neglected. The evolution of solar mixing angle $\\theta_{12}$ depends on $\\tan\\beta$ and mass spectrum, the deviation from its tri-bimaximal value could be large. Taking into account the renormalization group running effect, the neutrino spectrum is constrained by experimental data on $\\theta_{12}$ and the inverted hierarchy spectrum is disfavored for large $\\tan\\beta$. The evolution of light neutrino ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The mass of the nucleon is studied in a chiral quark-diquark model. Both scalar and axial-vector diquarks are taken into account for the construction of the nucleon state. After the hadronization procedure is used to obtain an effective meson-baryon Lagrangian, the quark-diquark self-energy is calculated to generate the baryon kinetic term as well as determine the mass of the nucleon. It turns out that both the scalar and axial-vector parts of the self-energy are attractive for the mass of the nucleon. We investigate the range of parameters that can reproduce the mass of the nucleon.

CERN Document Server

Chiral symmetry in QCD can be simultaneously in Wigner and Goldstone modes, depending on the part of the spectrum examined. The transition regime between both, exploiting for example the onset of parity doubling in the high baryon spectrum, can be used to probe the running quark mass in the mid-IR power-law regime. In passing we also argue that three-quark states naturally group into same-flavor quartets, split into two parity doublets, all splittings decreasing high in the spectrum. We propose that a measurement of masses of high-partial wave Delta* resonances should be sufficient to unambiguously establish the approximate degeneracy and see the quark mass running. We test these concepts with the first computation of the spectrum of high-J excited baryons in a chiral-invariant quark model.

CERN Document Server

The early idea that a non-perturbative gluon condensate affects the spectrum of heavy quarks is revisited in the light of modern simulation techniques. We evaluate the low lying spectrum of bound states of two heavy quarks for large hypothetical quark mass, m_Q > m_b, using non-relativistic QCD and compare with other models to test the consistency.

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The nucleon axial charge is calculated as a function of the pion mass in full QCD. Using domain wall valence quarks and improved staggered sea quarks, we present the first calculation with pion masses as light as 354 MeV and volumes as large as (3.5 fm)3. We show that finite volume effects are small for our volumes and that a constrained fit based on finite volume chiral perturbation theory agrees with experiment within 5% statistical errors.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We calculate the S-wave scattering lengths for charmed mesons scattering off Goldstone bosons and explore their quark mass dependence using the chiral perturbation theory up to next-to-leading order as well as a unitarized version of it. The quark mass dependence of all scattering lengths determined in a recent lattice calculation can be reproduced by the unitarized version. We also discuss signals of possible bound states in these observables. (orig.)

CERN Document Server

We discuss first the flavor mixing of the quarks, using the texture zero mass matrices. Then we study a similar model for the mass matrices of the leptons. We are able to relate the mass eigenvalues of the charged leptons and of the neutrinos to the mixing angles and can predict the masses of the neutrinos. We find a normal hierarchy - the masses are 0.004 eV, 0.01 eV and 0.05 eV. The atmospheric mixing angle is given by the mass ratios of the charged leptons and the neutrinos. we find about 40 degrees, consistent with the experiments. The mixing element, connecting the first neutrino wit the electron, is predicted to be 0.05. This prediction can soon be checked by the Daya Bay experiment.

CERN Document Server

In studying the dynamics of large N_c SU(N_c) gauge theory with fundamental quark flavours in the quenched approximation, we observe a novel phase transition at finite temperature. A quark condensate forms at finite quark mass, and the value of the condensate varies smoothly with the quark mass for generic region in parameter space. At a particular value of the quark mass, there is a finite discontinuity in the condensate's vacuum expectation value, corresponding to a first order phase transition. We study this using holography, the string dual being the geometry of N_c D3--branes at finite temperature, AdS_5-Schwarzschild times S^5, probed by a D7-brane. The D7-brane has topology R^4 times S^3 times S^1, and allowed solutions correspond to either the S^3 or the S^1 shrinking away in the interior of the geometry. The ...

CERN Document Server

We calculate the light `glueball' mass spectrum in N_f=2 lattice QCD using a fermion action that is non--perturbatively O(a) improved. We work at lattice spacings a~0.1 fm and with quark masses that range down to about half the strange quark mass. We find the statistical errors to be moderate and under control on relatively small ensembles. We compare our mass spectrum to that of quenched QCD at the same value of a. Whilst the tensor mass is the same (within errors), the scalar mass is significantly lighter in the dynamical lattice theory, by a factor of ~0.84 +/- 0.03. We discuss what the observed m_q dependence of this suppression tells us about the dynamics of glueballs in QCD. We also calculate the masses of flux tubes that wind around the spatial torus, and extract the string tension from these. ...

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We discuss the renormalisation properties of the complete set of {delta}B=2 four-quark operators with the heavy quark treated in the static approximation. We elucidate the role of heavy quark symmetry and other symmetry transformations in constraining their mixing under renormalisation. By employing the Schroedinger functional, a set of non-perturbative renormalisation conditions can be defined in terms of suitable correlation functions. As a first step in a fully non-perturbative determination of the scale-dependent renormalisation factors, we evaluate these conditions in lattice perturbation theory at one loop. Thereby we verify the expected mixing patterns and determine the anomalous dimensions of the operators at NLO in the Schroedinger functional scheme. Finally, by employing twisted-mass QCD it is shown how finite subtractions arising from explicit chiral symmetry breaking can be avoided ...

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Using the Klein-Gordon equation with a box potential, a mass formula describing the family of nonflavored meson states with I = 1 is derived. The energy levels calculated agree with those observed within an accuracy of approx. 5%. In the model discussed quarks behave like tachyons.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We construct a phenomenological model which describes the dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) of a QCD vacuum and reproduces meson spectra. Quark condensates, the pion decay constant, and meson spectra are well reproduced by the phenomenological interaction which consists of a linear confining potential, a Coulombic potential, and the close-quote t Hooft determinant interaction. In this model, the close-quote t Hooft determinant interaction plays an important role to not only the mass difference between the #eta# and #eta#"' mesons, but other meson masses through DCSB. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society.

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Nucleon and meson effective masses in the nonlinear relativistic mean-field theory introducing a nonlinear {omega}-{rho} and {sigma} coupling motivated by the quark-meson coupling model is explored. It is shown that, in contrast to the usual Walecka model, not only the effective nucleon mass m{sub eff,N} but also the effective {sigma},{rho} meson masses (m{sub eff{sigma}},m{sub eff,{rho}}) and the effective {omega} meson mass m{sub eff,{omega}} are nucleon density dependent. (author)

CERN Document Server

We complete the effective potential calculation of the two-loop, top/bottom Yukawa corrections to the Higgs boson masses in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, by computing the O(at^2 + at*ab + ab^2) contributions for arbitrary values of the bottom Yukawa coupling. We also compute the corrections to the minimization conditions of the effective potential at the same perturbative order. Our results extend the existing O(at^2) calculation, and are relevant in regions of the parameter space corresponding to tan(beta) >> 1. We extend to the Yukawa corrections a convenient renormalization scheme, previously proposed for the O(ab*as) corrections, that avoids unphysically large threshold effects associated with the bottom mass and absorbs the bulk of the corrections into the one-loop expression. For large values of tan(beta), the new contributions can account for a variation of several GeV in the lightest Higgs boson ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Using the constrained-curve fitting method and overlap fermions with the lowest pion mass at 180 MeV, we observe that the masses of the first positive and negative parity excited states of the nucleon tend to cross over as the quark masses are taken to the chiral limit. Both results at the physical pion mass agree with the experimental values of the Roper resonance (N"1"/"2"+(1440)) and S_1_1 (N"1"/"2"-(1535)). This is seen for the first time in a lattice QCD calculation. These results are obtained on a quenched Iwasaki 16"3x28 lattice with a=0.2 fm. We also extract the ghost #eta#"'N states (a quenched artifact) which are shown to decouple from the nucleon interpolation field above m_#pi##approx#300 MeV. From the quark mass dependence of these states in the chiral region, we conclude that spontaneously broken chiral symmetry dictates the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Using the constrained curve fitting method and overlap fermions with the lowest pion mass at 180 MeV, we observe that the masses of the first positive and negative parity excited states of the nucleon tend to cross over as the quark masses are taken to the chiral limit. Both results at the physical pion mass agree with the experimental values of the Roper resonance (N"1"/"2"+ (1440)) and S_1_1 (N"1"/"2"-(1535)). This is seen for the first time in a lattice QCD calculation. These results are obtained on a quenched Iwasaki 16"3 x 28 lattice with a = 0.2 fm. We also extract the ghost #eta#(prime) N states (a quenched artifact) which are shown to decouple from the nucleon interpolation field above m_#pi# #approx# 300 MeV. From the quark mass dependence of these states in the chiral region, we conclude that spontaneously broken chiral symmetry ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The set of nonlinear equations describing the standard model kinematics of the top quark antiquark production system in the dilepton decay channel has at most a fourfold ambiguity due to two not fully reconstructed neutrinos. Its most precise solution is of major importance for measurements of top quark properties like the top quark mass and tt spin correlations. Simple algebraic operations allow one to transform the nonlinear equations into a system of two polynomial equations with two unknowns. These two polynomials of multidegree eight can in turn be analytically reduced to one polynomial with one unknown by means of resultants. The obtained univariate polynomial is of degree 16. The number of its real solutions is determined analytically by means of Sturm's theorem, which is as well used to isolate each real solution into a unique pairwise disjoint interval. The solutions are polished by seeking the ...

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The Fermi National Laboratory (Fermilab) operates the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at a center-of-mass energy of {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, the is therefore the only collider which is today able to produce the heaviest known particle, the top quark. The top quark was discovered at the Tevatron by the CDF and D0 collaborations in 1995. At the Tevatron, most top quarks are produced via the strong interaction, whereby quark-antiquark annihilation dominates with 85%, and gluon fusion contributes with 15%. Considering next-to-leading order (NLO) contributions in the cross section of top-antitop quark production, leads to a slight positive asymmetry in the differential distribution of the production angle {alpha} of the top quarks. This asymmetry is due to the interference of certain NLO contributions. The charge asymmetry A in the cosine of ...

CERN Document Server

Some extensions of the Standard Model often predict a Z'gauge boson which mediates flavor-changing neutral-current (FCNC) interaction between up and top quarks. These new physics models are phenomenologically attractive because they can explain the top quark forward-backward asymmetry $A^t_FB$ measured recently by the Tevatron collider. In addition, they will induce the top quark FCNC decays and the like-sign top pair production which can be explored at the LHC. In this work we focus on two such models (the left-right model and the $U(1)_X$ model) to investigate their correlated effects on $A^t_FB$, the FCNC decays $t -> u V (V=g,Z,\\gamma)$ and the like-sign top pair production at the LHC. We also pay special attention on the most recently measured $A^t_FB$ in the large invariant mass region. We find that under the current experimental constrains both models can alleviate the deviation of $A^t_FB$ ...

CERN Document Server

Assuming the gluon field is well approximated by instanton configurations we derive a light quarks determinant and calculate its contribution to the specific heavy quarks correlators -- namely, the heavy quark propagator and heavy quark-aniquark correlator, receiving the instanton generated light-heavy quarks interaction terms contributions. With these knowledge we calculate the light quark contribution to the interaction between heavy quarks, which might be essential for the properties of a few heavy quarks systems.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present the efficient technique to extract the signal of the intermediate mass Higgs boson from the backgrounds at future #gamma##gamma# colliders. For a clear Higgs detection, it is important to fit the original electron accelerator energy depending on the Higgs mass, to set the polarization of the photon beams and to apply the efficient b quark tagging method. we demonstrate the extraction of information of Higgs parameters and the new physics from the observable physical quantities. It is clearly shown that a future #gamma##gamma# collider will have a rich potential for study on the new physics, as well as the Higgs physics. (author).

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We present production rates of the two- and three-jet final states for the processes of massive cc/bb quark production in circularly polarized photon-photon collisions, including QCD radiative corrections. Lowest-order cross section, one-loop virtual correction, and gluon emission correction are shown to be of the same order of magnitude for bb quark production at s{sub {gamma}{gamma}} similar 100 GeV. It is shown that the signal from an intermediate mass Higgs boson is observable at a photon-photon collider, though the statistical significance is substantially reduced with respect to the tree-level calculation. ((orig.)).

CERN Document Server

We propose a simple mechanism that may explain the observed particle-antiparticle asymmetry in the Universe. In the Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble theory of gravity, the intrinsic spin of matter generates spacetime torsion. Classical Dirac fields in the presence of torsion obey the nonlinear Hehl-Datta equation which is asymmetric under a charge-conjugation transformation. Accordingly, at extremely high densities that existed in the very early Universe, fermions have higher effective masses than antifermions. As a result, a meson composed of a light quark and a heavy antiquark has a lower effective mass than its antiparticle. Neutral-meson oscillations in thermal equilibrium therefore favor the production of light quarks and heavy antiquarks, which may be related to baryogenesis.

CERN Document Server

We make a complete analysis of the Yukawa coupling unification in SU(5) extensions of the MSSM in the framework of the radiative symmetry breaking scenario. Both logarithmic and finite threshold corrections of sparticles have been included in the determination of the gauge and Yukawa couplings at M_Z. The effect of the heavy masses of each model in the renormalization group equations is also included. We find that in the minimal SU(5) model b-tau Yukawa unification can be achieved for too large a value of alpha_s. On the other hand the Peccei-Quinn version of the Missing Doublet model, with the effect of the right handed neutrino also included, exhibits b-tau unification in excellent agreement with all low energy experimental data. Unification of all Yukawa couplings is also discussed.

CERN Document Server

A systematic approach is followed in order to identify realistic D-brane models at toric del Pezzo singularities. Requiring quark and lepton spectrum and Yukawas from D3 branes and massless hypercharge, we are led to Pati-Salam extensions of the Standard Model. Hierarchies of masses, flavour mixings and control of couplings select higher order del Pezzo singularities, minimising the Higgs sector prefers toric del Pezzos with dP3 providing the most successful compromise. Then a supersymmetric local string model is presented with the following properties at low energies: (i) the MSSM spectrum plus a local B-L gauge field or additional Higgs fields depending on the breaking pattern, (ii) a realistic hierarchy of quark and lepton masses and (iii) realistic flavour mixing between quark and lepton families with computable CKM and PMNS matrices, and CP violation consistent with ...

CERN Document Server

Both Grand Unified symmetries and discrete flavour symmetries are appealing ways to describe apparent structures in the gauge and flavour sectors of the Standard Model. Both symmetries put constraints on the high energy behaviour of the theory. This can give rise to unexpected interplay when building models that possess both symmetries. We investigate on the possibility to combine a Pati-Salam model with the discrete flavour symmetry S4 that gives rise to quark-lepton complementarity. Under appropriate assumptions at the GUT scale, the model reproduces fermion masses and mixings both in the quark and in the lepton sectors (the Beauty). We show that in particular the Higgs sector and the running Yukawa couplings are strongly affected by the combined constraints of the Grand Unified and family symmetries (the Beast). This in turn reduces the phenomenologically viable parameter space. In the allowed regions, we can reproduce ...

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The top quark has been discovered in 1995 at the CDF and DO experiments located in the Tevatron ring at the Fermilab laboratory. After more than a decade the Tevatron collider, with its center-of-mass energy collisions of 1.96 TeV, is still the only machine capable of producing such exceptionally heavy particle. Here I present a selection of the most recent CDF and DO measurements performed analyzing {approx} 1 fb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the scope of all relevant production modes of charged Higgs bosons in the MSSM, with mass larger than the one of the top quark, at future Linear Colliders operating in #gamma##gamma# mode at the TeV energy scale. Final states with one or two H"#+-# bosons are considered, as produced by both tree- and loop-level interactions. (orig.)

CERN Document Server

We present a phenomenological analysis of the recent Tevatron results on the $t \\bar t$ forward-backward asymmetry and invariant-mass spectrum assuming a new contribution from an s-channel gluon resonance with a mass in the range from 700 to 2500 GeV. In contrast to most of the previous works, this analysis shows that for masses below ~1 TeV resonant New Physics could accommodate the experimental data. In general, we find that axial-like couplings are preferred for light and top quark couplings, and that only top quark couples strongly to New Physics. We find that composite model scenarios arise naturally from only phenomenological analyses of the experimental results. We show that our results are compatible with recent LHC limits in dijet and $t \\bar t$ production, and find some tension for large resonance mass ~2.5 TeV. We indicate as best observables for ...

CERN Document Server

Both discrete flavour symmetries and Grand Unified symmetries explain apparent structures in the mass sector of the Standard Model. A model that combines both symmetries is therefore very appealing. We construct a model with the $S_4$ flavour symmetry and the Pati-Salam unification. We show that this model can indeed explain many observable relations between the masses of the quarks and leptons and that it is predictive in the neutrino sector. However, the combination of the two symmetries leads to new complications in the Higgs sector and in the running of the renormalisation group equations.

CERN Document Server

We consider a minimal model of GUT scalar dark matter (DM) stabilized by the discrete gauge matter parity $P_{X}$ that arises from breaking of $SO(10)$. The dark sector comprises the complex singlet $S$ and the inert doublet $H_{2}$. GUT scale parameters are evaluated to the electroweak scale via Renormalization Group Equations (RGEs). Experimental and theoretical constraints limit the DM mass to the 80 GeV to 2 TeV range. The EW symmetry breaking is radiative and can occur via RGE running and 1-loop matching corrections from integrating out DM. Because the next-to-lightest scalar is almost degenerate with DM, it gives a background free displaced decay vertex at the LHC.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recent data on {eta} -meson photoproduction off a proton target in the energy range 2 {<=}{radical}(s){<=} 3 GeV are analyzed with regard to their overall consistency. Results from the ELSA and CLAS measurements are compared with predictions of a Regge model whose reaction amplitude was fixed via a global fit to pre-2000 measurements of differential cross sections and polarization observables for {gamma}p{yields}{eta}p at higher energies. We find that all recent experimental results on differential cross sections for {eta} -meson photoproduction are in good agreement with each other, except for the CLAS data from 2009. However, the latter can be made consistent with the other data at the expense of introducing an energy-dependent renormalization factor. We point out that there are indications in the data for a possible excitation of baryon resonances with masses around 2.1 and 2.4GeV. (orig.)

CERN Document Server

Recently we discovered and discussed non-Abelian duality in the quark vacua of N=2 super-Yang-Mills theory with the U(N) gauge group and N_f flavors (N_f>N). Both theories from the dual pair support non-Abelian strings which confine monopoles. Now we introduce an N=2-breaking deformation, a mass term \\mu{\\mathcal A}^2 for the adjoint fields. Starting from a small deformation we eventually make it large which enforces complete decoupling of the adjoint fields. We show that the above non-Abelian duality fully survives in the limit of N=1 SQCD, albeit some technicalities change. For instance, non-Abelian strings which used to be BPS-saturated in the N=2 limit, cease to be saturated in N=1 SQCD. Our duality is a distant relative of Seiberg's duality in N=1 SQCD. Both share some common features but have drastic distinctions. This is due to the fact that Seiberg's duality apply to the monopole rather than quark vacua. More ...

CERN Document Server

The basic theoretical milestones were the Sakata SU(3) symmetry, the Goldberg-Ne'eman composite model with SU(3) triplets having baryon number (1/3) and the Nambu color gauge Lagrangian. The transition was led in right and wrong directions by experiments interpreted by phenomenology. A "good" experiment on $\\bar p p$ annihilation at rest showed that the Sakata model predictions disagreed with experiment. A "bad" experiment prevented the use of the Goldberg-Ne'eman triplet model to predict the existence and masses of the of the $\\Xi^*$ and $\\Omega^-$. More "good" experiments revealed the existence and mass of the $\\Xi^*$ and the $\\Omega^-$ and the absence of positive strangeness baryon resonances, thus confirming the "tenfold way". Further "good experiments" revealed the existence of the vector meson nonet, SU(3) breaking with singlet-octet mixing and the suppression of the $\\phi \\to \\rho \\pi$ decay. These led to the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three possibilities to observe the Higgs-top interaction at future #gamma##gamma#-colliders are discussed: a) associated Higss production via the #gamma##gamma##->#tanti tH reaction, b) Higgs obliged radiative correction to the #gamma##gamma##->#tanti t channel, c) Higgs resonance production via #gamma##gamma##->#H#->#ZZ. The results obtained show windows of the Higss mass where the Yukawa interaction of the Higss with the top quark can be studied at #gamma##gamma#-colliders. (orig.).

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The authors discuss some of the results on the measurements of heavy flavor production at the Tevatron. Heavy flavor production can be used to test QCD over a wide range of quark masses (m{sub b} {approx} 4.5 GeV/c{sup 2} to m{sub t} = 174.3 {+-} 5.1 GeV/c{sup 2}). In addition, it is a background that has to be understood to perform physics measurements in the top sector and Higgs searches. The results reported here are performed using the Run1 data collected at Tevatron ({approx} 100 pb{sup -1}).

CERN Document Server

We discuss the recent excess seen by the CDF Collaboration in the dijet invariant mass distribution produced in association with a $W$ boson. We analyze the possibility of such a signal within the context of a $U(1)_X$ Stueckelberg extension of the Standard Model where the new gauge boson couples only to quarks. In addition to the analysis of the $Wjj$ anomaly we also discuss the production of $Zjj$ and $\\gamma jj$ at the Tevatron. The analysis is then extended to the Large Hadron Collider with $\\sqrt{s}=7 {\\rm TeV}$ and predictions for the dijet signals are made.

Science.gov (United States)

We present a high-statistics calculation of nucleon electromagnetic form factors in N{sub f}=2+1 lattice QCD using domain wall quarks on fine lattices, to attain a new level of precision in systematic and statistical errors. Our calculations use 32{sup 3}x64 lattices with lattice spacing a=0.084 fm for pion masses of 297, 355, and 403 MeV, and we perform an overdetermined analysis using on the order of 3600 to 7000 measurements to calculate nucleon electric and magnetic form factors up to Q{sup 2{approx_equal}}1.05 GeV{sup 2}. Results are shown to be consistent with those obtained using valence domain wall quarks with improved staggered sea quarks, and using coarse domain wall lattices. We determine the isovector Dirac radius r{sub 1}{sup v}, Pauli radius r{sub 2}{sup v} and anomalous magnetic moment {kappa}{sub v}. We also determine connected contributions to the corresponding isoscalar observables. We ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Non relativistic quark models have been invoked to support the statement of a 1/m{sub Q} duality violation in semileptonic B decays. However, as we recall, we have very explicitly shown that no 1/m{sub Q} duality violation is present in totally integrated rates, in such quark models. Then: 1) it is shown that some contributions under discussion are misleadingly described as '1/m{sub Q} duality violation'; as they stand, they are in fact parametrically much smaller: they are O((1/m{sub Q}){sup 5/2}) when properly referred to the total rate under discussion; numerically this is below 10{sup -2}; 2) moreover, relying on our rigorous expansion of the harmonic oscillator model around the Shifman-Voloshin limit, it is shown that even such small terms are not present at all in the total rate, and must therefore merely cancel; 3) finally, for physical masses, by an exact treatment of this particular, but not too ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present the effects of heavy CP-even (H) and CP-odd (A) Higgs bosons on the production cross section of the process #gamma##gamma##->#tt at the energy around the mass poles of the Higgs bosons. It is found that interference between H and A with small mass gap, as well as the ones between Higgs bosons and continuum, contributes to the cross section, if the photon beams are polarized and if we observe the helicity of the top quarks. It is demonstrated in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model that the H and A contributions can be sizable at future #gamma##gamma# colliders for small values of tan #beta#. The methods to measure the CP-parity of the Higgs boson are also presented. The statistical significance of detecting the Higgs signals and measuring the Higgs CP-parity is evaluated. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The energy, angular momentum, and distance (measured from the center of mass of the nucleus) distributions of the effective number of 6/ital q/-fluctons are investigated and it is shown that many of the characteristics of these distributions are universal, i.e., independent of the flucton size. ''Saturation'' of the flucton density in nuclei with mass /ital A//approx gt/80 and certain other features that determine the difference between the behaviors of the effective numbers of fluctons and deuterons are reported. This is used to explain the well known underestimation (by a factor of 1.5--6) of the cross section for the hard inclusive (/ital p/, /ital p/'/ital d/) process on nuclei calculated in the quasielastic formalism. See S. G. Kadmenskii and V. I. Furman, /ital Alpha/ /ital decay/ /ital and elated/ /ital nuclear/ /reactions/ (in Russian), Energoatomizdat, Moscow, 1985.

CERN Document Server

Using data from atmospheric neutrino mixing, and a simple functional form for mixing angles, the absolute values of three neutrino masses are calculated: $m_3\\cong 5.37\\times 10^{-2} eV$, $m_2\\cong 1.94\\times 10^{-2} eV$, $m_1\\cong 1.46\\times 10^{-2} eV$. The quantities relevant for solar neutrino mixing are calculated: $(m_2^2-m_1^2) \\cong 1.63\\times 10^{-4} eV^2$, with non-maximal mixing $\\tan^2\\theta_\\sol \\cong 0.56$. The analysis gives a suggestion of a dynamical origin for the empirical, large CP-violating phase associated with an intrinsically, very small mixing angle in the quark sector.

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We present a measurement of the t{bar t} production cross section using events with one charged lepton and jets from p{bar p} collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96TeV. In these events, heavy flavor quarks from top quark decay are identified with a secondary vertex tagging algorithm. From 162 pb{sup -1} of data collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab, a total of 48 candidate events are selected, where 13.5 {+-} 1.8 events are expected from background contributions. We measure a t{bar t} production cross section of 5.6{sub -1.1}{sup _1.2}(stat.){sub -0.6}{sup +0.9}(syst.)pb.

CERN Document Server

In models with dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking, this breaking is normally communicated to quarks and leptons by a set of vector bosons with masses generated via sequential breaking of a larger gauge symmetry. In reasonably ultraviolet-complete theories of this type, the number of stages of breaking of the larger gauge symmetry is usually equal to the observed number of quark and lepton generations, $N_{gen.}=3$. Here we investigate the general question of how the construction and properties of these models depend on $N_{gen.}$, regarded as a variable. We build and analyze models with illustrative values of $N_{gen.}$ different from 3 (namely, $N_{gen.}=1,2,4$) that exhibit the necessary sequential symmetry breaking down to a strongly coupled sector that dynamically breaks electroweak symmetry. Our results for variable $N_{gen.}$ show that one can robustly obtain, for this latter sector, a theory with a gauge ...

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We study free and self-interacting scalar quantum field theories in a flat Robertson-Walker metric in the functional Schroedinger picture. We discuss Schroedinger picture quantization, relating it to conventional Heisenberg picture quantization. For the interacting theory, we introduce the time-dependent Gaussian approximation to study time evolution of pure and mixed states and we establish renormalizability of the approximation. We also study the question of computing a finite, renormalized energy-momentum tensor for both the free and the interacting theory in the Gaussian appproximation. Using the adiabatic expansion, we show that the entire subtration necessary to make the the energy-momentum tensor finite in the free theory can be written in terms of covariantly conserved tensors. We further show that the same subtraction is sufficient to make the energy-momentum tensor finite in the Gaussian approximation for the interacting theory provided that the ...

CERN Document Server

In the generalized minimal supergravity (GmSUGRA) scenario, we systematically study the supersymmetry breaking scalar masses, Standard Model fermion Yukawa coupling terms, and trilinear soft terms in SU(5) models with the Higgs fields in the {\\bf 24} and {\\bf 75} representations, and in SO(10) models where the gauge symmetry is broken down to the Pati-Salam SU(4)_C X SU(2)_L X SU(2)_R gauge symmetry, SU(3)_C X SU(2)_L X SU(2)_R X U(1)_{B-L} gauge symmetry, George-Glashow SU(5) X U(1)' gauge symmetry, flipped SU(5) X U(1)_X gauge symmetry, and SU(3)_C X SU(2)_L X U(1)_1 X U(1)_2 gauge symmetry. Most importantly, we for the first time consider the scalar and gaugino mass relations, which can be preserved from the unification scale to the electroweak scale under one-loop renormalization group equation running, in the SU(5) models, the Pati-Salam models and flipped SU(5) X U(1)_X models arising from SO(10) models. With such ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

CERN Document Server

Quark Gluon Plasma transport coefficients for heavy quarks and quark-antiquark pairs are computed through an extension of the results obtained for a hot QED plasma by describing the heavy-quark propagation in the eikonal approximation and by weighting the gauge field configurations with the Hard Thermal Loop effective action. It is shown that such a model allows to correctly reproduce, at leading logarithmic accuracy, the results obtained by other independent approaches. The results are then inserted into a relativistic Langevin equation allowing to follow the evolution of the heavy-quark momentum spectra. Our numerical findings are also compared with the ones obtained in a strongly-coupled scenario, namely with the transport coefficients predicted (though with some limitations and ambiguities) by the AdS/CFT correspondence.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A number of systems which can elucidate physics beyond the standard model are investigated. The production of axions by a network of cosmic strings in the early universe is calculated. This allows an upper bound to be placed on the axion decay constant, and provides the preferred Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale for axions to make up the dark matter of the universe. Models of neutrino mass arising from strong interactions are investigated. These models possess a massless up quark, thereby solving the strong CP problem. A systematic analysis of the contributions to time reversal violating atomic and molecular electric dipole moments is presented. Specific contributions from the supersymmetric standard model are calculated. The contributions arising from the QCD vacuum angle are also discussed. Prospects for detecting the axion by its long range coherent force are related to measurable electron dipole moments. A method for measuring neutrino ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We have constructed a specific supersymmetric flipped SU(5) GUT model in which bilarge neutrino mixing is incorporated. Because the up-type and down-type quarks in the model are flipped in the representations ten and five with respect to the usual SU(5), the radiatively generated flavor mixing in squark mass matrices due to the large neutrino mixing has a pattern different from those in the conventional SU(5) and SO(10) supersymmetric GUTs. This leads to phenomenological consequences quite different from SU(5) or SO(10) supersymmetric GUT models. That is, it has almost no impact on B physics. On the contrary, the model has effects in top and charm physics as well as lepton physics. In particular, it gives promising prediction on the mass difference, #DELTA#M_D, of the D-D-bar mixing which for some ranges of the parameter space with large tan#beta# can be at the order of 10"9 #Planck constant# s"-"1, one order of magnitude ...

CERN Document Server

In the presence of the T-parity violating Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) anomaly term, the otherwise stable heavy photon A_H in the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity (LHT) decays to either Standard Model (SM) gauge boson pairs, or to SM fermions via loop diagrams. We make a detailed study of the collider signatures where the A_H can be reconstructed from invariant mass peaks in the opposite sign same flavor dilepton or the four-lepton channels. This enables us to obtain information about the fundamental symmetry breaking scale f in the LHT and thereby the low-lying mass spectrum of the theory. In addition, indication of the presence of the WZW term gives us hints of the possible UV completion of the LHT via strong dynamics. The crucial observation is that the sum of all production processes of heavy T-odd quark pairs has a sizeable cross-section at the LHC and these T-odd particles eventually all cascade decay down to the heavy ...

CERN Document Server

It is a pity that the real state of matter in pulsar-like stars is still not determined confidently because of the uncertainty about cold matter at supranuclear density, even 40 years after the discovery of pulsar. Nuclear matter (related to neutron stars) is one of the speculations for the inner constitution of pulsars even from the Landau's time more than 70 years ago, but quark matter (related to quark stars) is an alternative due to the fact of asymptotic freedom of interaction between quarks as the standard model of particle physics develops since 1960s. Therefore, one has to focus on astrophysical observations in order to answer what the nature of pulsars is. In this presentation, I would like to summarize possible observational evidence/hints that pulsar-like stars could be quark stars, and to address achievable clear evidence for quark stars in the future experiments.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The author calculated the wavefunctions and the energy-spectra of c bar c and b bar b bound systems using the Hamiltonian proposed by Gupta, Radford and Repko (GRR). He writes the GRR Hamiltonian as H = H_o + H', where H_o includes the kinetic energy terms and the most dominant terms in the Hamiltonian. H' includes among other things the spin-spin, spin-orbit and the tensor terms in the Hamiltonian. The eigenvalue problem of H_o is solved by the variational method which makes use of a trial wave-function with eleven parameters. H' is then treated in the first order perturbation theory. The energy-spectra agree very well with experimental data. He also calculated the E1 and the M1 decay rates of these quarkonia. With relativistic corrections, the E1 transitions agree better with experiment. The dominant relativistic correction comes from the relativistic modification of the wave-function. The M1 transitions can be improved by using a large quark ...

CERN Document Server

We review and extend in several directions recent results on the asymptotic safety approach to quantum gravity. The central issue in this approach is the search of a Fixed Point having suitable properties, and the tool that is used is a type of Wilsonian renormalization group equation. We begin by discussing various cutoff schemes, i.e. ways of implementing the Wilsonian cutoff procedure. We compare the beta functions of the gravitational couplings obtained with different schemes, studying first the contribution of matter fields and then the so-called Einstein-Hilbert truncation, where only the cosmological constant and Newton's constant are retained. In this context we make connection with old results, in particular we reproduce the results of the epsilon expansion and the perturbative one loop divergences. We then apply the Renormalization Group to higher derivative gravity. In the case of a general action quadratic in curvature we recover, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This talk summarizes recent progress in top quark physics studies for high energy linear electron-positron colliders as presented at the LCWS2000 Workshop at Fermilab. New results were presented for top pair production at threshold and in the continuum, as well as for top production at #gamma##gamma# colliders.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors extend the Fermilab formalism for heavy quarks to develop an {Omicron}(a{sup 2}) improved relativistic action. They discuss their construction of the action, including the identification of redundant operators and the calculation of the improvement coefficients.

CERN Document Server

Precise measurements of the top quark decay properties at hadron colliders offer interesting new possibilities of testing the standard model. At the same time, recent intriguing experimental results concerning CP violation in the B_d and B_s systems have stimulated many studies of physics beyond the standard model. We investigate anomalous t W d_j interactions as a possible source of new effects in B_{d,s} - bar B_{d,s} oscillations within a model independent approach based on the assumptions of Minimal Flavor Violation. After matching our effective operators onto the low-energy effective Lagrangian describing B_{d,s} meson mixing and evolving it down to the B-mass scale, we extract the preferred ranges of the anomalous t W d_j interactions at the weak scale. These values are then compared to previously considered constraints coming from the rare radiative B --> X_s gamma decay. Finally, we reconsider the associated effects in the t --> b ...

Science.gov (United States)

We calculate the electromagnetic form factors of a bound proton. The chiral quark-soliton model provides the quark and antiquark substructure of the proton, which is embedded in nuclear matter. This procedure yields significant modifications of the form factors in the nuclear environment. The sea quarks are almost completely unaffected, and serve to mitigate the valence quark effect. In particular, the ratio of the isoscalar electric to the isovector magnetic form factor decreases by 20% at Q{sup 2}=1 GeV{sup 2} at nuclear density, and we do not see a strong enhancement of the magnetic moment.

CERN Document Server

Neutrino masses in the MSSM

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An application of the renormalized random phase approximation to nuclear structure is presented for the semi-magic nuclei /sup 88/Sr and /sup 90/Zr. It is reported the outcome for the microscopic approach in comparison with the semiphenomenological version for the particle-hole forces.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Quark-hadron duality addresses some of the most fundamental issues in strong interaction physics, in particular the nature of the transition from the perturbative to non-perturbative regions of QCD. I summarize recent developments in quark-hadron duality in lepton-hadron scattering, and outline how duality can be studied at future high-luminosity facilities such as Jefferson Lab at 12 GeV, or an electron-hadron collider such as EPIC.

CERN Document Server

At the beginning of the seventies, physicists discovered a new scale in the matter structure. Protons and neutrons, components of the atomic nucleus, seemed to be constituted by even more elementar particles: the quarks. But while they seemed to move freely inside the protons, it was impossible to isolate one of these quarks. The Nobel Prize for physics rewarded the explanation of this phenomenon (3 pages)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We discuss the search of excited leptons and quarks with spin 1/2 at #gamma##gamma# and at #gamma#e colliders. We show that #gamma##gamma# colliders have important advantages for the observation of excited leptons and quarks in comparison with ee, ep, and pp colliders discussed in previous papers. These collisions give a simple test for the chirality of the l"*l#gamma# transition. The anomalous magnetic moment of excited leptons can be observed when its value is not too small. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present a calculation of the charmonium spectrum with three flavors of dynamical staggered quarks from gauge configurations that were generated by the MILC collaboration. We use the Fermilab action for the valence charm quarks. Our calculation of the spin-averaged 1P-1S and 2S-1S splittings yields a determination of the strong coupling, with {alpha}{sub {ovr MS}}(M{sub Z}) = 0.119(4).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

At future [gamma][gamma] colliders copious production of [ital t] [bar t] pairs is possible. This would allow for a detailed investigation of the interactions involving the top quark. We propose some correlations which are sensitive to [ital t] [bar t] final state interactions and we compute the QCD and standard model Higgs boson contributions to these correlations. A correlation resulting from the QCD induced transverse polarization of top quarks is found to be sizable and measurable at a high energy [ital e][sup +][ital e][sup [minus

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

At future #gamma##gamma# colliders copious production of t bar t pairs is possible. This would allow for a detailed investigation of the interactions involving the top quark. We propose some correlations which are sensitive to t bar t final state interactions and we compute the QCD and standard model Higgs boson contributions to these correlations. A correlation resulting from the QCD induced transverse polarization of top quarks is found to be sizable and measurable at a high energy e"+e"- collider, which is operated as a photon collider through backscattering of laser photons, at an integrated luminosity of 10 fb"-"1.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Quark models of production of cumulative particles and the EMC effect are analyzed. It is shown that all these models are characterized by a universal relation between the spectrum of cumulative nucleons and the cross section for cumulative particles containing valence quarks of the nucleus. This relation is tested for the deuteron, and the role of secondary nuclear processes for heavy nuclei is discussed. It is noted that the ''sea'' cumulative particles (K/sup -/, p-bar) are particularly important for understanding the nature of the difference between the structure functions of a nucleus and of a free nucleon.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We investigate the interplay of quark and meson degrees of freedom in a physical state representing a near-threshold resonance for the case of a single continuum channel. We demonstrate that such a near-threshold resonance may possess quite peculiar properties if both quark and meson dynamics generate weakly coupled near-threshold poles in the S -matrix. In particular, the scattering t -matrix may possess zeros in this case. We also discuss possible implications for production reactions as well as studies within lattice QCD. (orig.)

CERN Document Server

In the littlest Higgs model with T-parity (LHT), the mirror quarks have flavor structures and will contribute to the top quark flavor changing neutral current. In this work, we perform an extensive investigation of the top quark rare three-body decays $t\\rightarrow cVV (V=\\gamma,Z,g)$ and $t\\rightarrow cf\\bar{f} (f=b,\\tau,\\mu,e)$ at one-loop level. Our results show that the branching ratios of $t\\rightarrow cgg$ and $t\\rightarrow cb\\bar{b}$ could reach $\\mathcal {O}(10^{-3})$ in the favorite parameter space of the littlest Higgs model with T-parity, which implies that these decays may be detectable at the LHC or ILC, while for the other decays, their rates are too small to be observable at the present or future colliders.

CERN Document Server

We study general two-dimensional sigma-models which do not possess manifest Lorentz invariance. We show how demanding that Lorentz invariance is recovered as an emergent on-shell symmetry constrains these sigma-models. The resulting actions have an underlying group-theoretic structure and resemble Poisson--Lie T-duality invariant actions. We consider the one-loop renormalization of these models and show that the quantum Lorentz anomaly is absent. We calculate the running of the couplings in general and show, with certain non-trivial examples, that this agrees with that of the T-dual models obtained classically from the duality invariant action. Hence, in these cases solving constraints before and after quantization are commuting operations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A classic sum rule by Das et al. is extended to seven of the low-energy constant K{sub i}, introduced by Urech, which parameterizes electromagnetic corrections at chiral order O(e{sup 2}p{sup 2}). Using the spurion formalism, a simple convolution representation is shown to hold and the structure in terms of the chiral renormalization scale, QCD renormalization scale and the QED gauge parameter is displayed. The role of the resonances is studied as providing rational interpolants to relevant QCD n-point functions in the Euclidean domain. A variety of asymptotic constraints must be implemented which have phenomenological consequences. A current assumption concerning the dominance of the lowest-lying resonances is shown clearly to fail in some cases. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We discuss the description of the proton structure function within the dipole factorization framework. We parameterize the forward dipole amplitude to account for saturation as predicted by the small-x QCD evolution equations. Contrarily to previous models, the saturation scale does not decrease when taking heavy quarks into account. We show that the same dipole amplitude also allows to reproduce diffractive data and exclusive vector meson production.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The quark structure of constituent nucleons is considered by a qualitative comparison of features of different models with experimental data with respect to cumulative meson production. It is shown that the fluctuation of the density of nuclear matter, ie the creation and disintegration of a short lived few-nucleon correlation (flucton), is a type of the quasi-resonance formation in the nucleus which exists without any connection with the incident particle. The cumulative production in the region under investigation is mostly the result of a Regge type dissociation of the flucton. (U.K.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We discuss the consequence of local duality for elastic scattering, and derive a model-independent equation between structure functions at x ? 1 and elastic electromagnetic form factors. Then the electromagnetic form factors of proton are discussed using the quark-hadron duality theory. We also debate the form factor of proton in a bound state. It may be an effective approach to study the form factor of proton in media.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The author notes that if hadrons are gravitationally stabilized ``black holes``, as discrete physics suggests, it is possible that partons, and in particular quarks, could be modeled as tachyons, i.e. particles having v{sup 2} > c{sup 2}, without conflict with the observational fact that neither quarks nor tachyons have appeared as ``free particles``. Some consequences of this model are explored.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We discuss various reactions at future e"+e"- and #gamma##gamma# colliders involving real (beamstrahlung or backscattered laser) or quasi-real (bremsstrahlung) photons in the initial state and hadrons in the final state. The production of two central jets with large transverse momentum p_T is described in some detail; we give distributions for the rapidity and p_T of the jets as well as the di-jet invariant mass, and discuss the relative importance of various initial state configurations and the uncertainties that arise from the at present rather poor knowledge of the parton content of the photon. We also present results for 'mono-jet' production where one jet goes down a beam pipe, for the production of charm, bottom and top quarks, and for single production of W and Z bosons. Where appropriate, the two-photon processes are compared with annihilation reactions leading to similar final states. We also argue that the behaviour of the total ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

I discuss several examples of critical phenomena in O(N) models where topological excitations play an important role at criticality. I focus particular attention on the O(2) model in 3D, where recent measurements of the vortex string length distribution in equilibrium suggest the existence of a quantitative picture of the critical behavior in terms of defects. The compatibility of this perspective with renormalization group predictions is examined.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This talk is a brief review of gaugino condensation in superstring effective field theories and some related issues (such as renormalization of the gauge coupling in the effective supergravity theories and modular anomaly cancellation). As a specific example, we discuss a model containing perturbative (1-loop) corrections to the K{umlt a}hler potential and approximate S-duality symmetry.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present a phenomenological model of the quark-hadron transition in neutrino-nucleon scattering. Using recently extracted weak nucleon transition form factors, we investigate the extent to which local and global quark-hadron duality is applicable in the neutrino F{sub 1}, F{sub 2} and F{sub 3} structure functions, and contrast this with duality in electron scattering. Our findings suggest that duality works relatively well for neutrino-nucleon scattering for the F{sub 2} and F{sub 3} structure functions, but not as well for F{sub 1}. We also calculate the quasi-elastic, resonance and deep inelastic contributions to the Adler sum rule, and find it to be satisfied to within 10% for 0.5 < Q{sup 2} < 2 GeV{sup 2}.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The results of a search for fractionally charged particles produced in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation at 29 GeV/c/sup 2/ are discussed. Results from cosmic-ray searches for fractionally charged particles, tachyons, and massive particles using the same detector are also presented.

Science.gov (United States)

In order to understand how matter 15 billion years ago in the form of quarks, gluons and leptons at a temperature of 2 (times) 10(sup 12) (degrees)K evolved to become today's Universe, the goal of relativistic and ultra-relativistic heavy ion physics is t...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

On the basis of the phenomenological model for baryon resonance production in lepton nucleon and lepton nucleus scattering we investigate to what extent quark hadron duality is applicable to the neutrino structure functions and how it compares with duality in electron scattering.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The data are analyzed on cumulative antiproton production on Be, Al, Cu, and Ta nuclei induced by 10 GeV protons. The analysis is carried out in the framework of the flucton quark fragmentation model.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The NA50 Collaboration has recently observed a strong suppression of {ital J}/{psi} production in Pb-Pb collisions at 158GeV/nucleon. We show that this recent observation finds a quantitative explanation in a model which relates the suppression mechanism to the local energy density, whose value is higher in Pb-Pb collisions than in any other system studied previously. The sensitivity of the phenomenon to small changes in the energy density could be suggestive of quark-gluon plasma formation. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Possible anomalous top-quark couplings induced by SU(2)xU(1) gauge-invariant dimension-6 effective operators were studied in the process of ttbar productions and decays at polarized #gamma##gamma# colliders. Two CP-violating asymmetries, a linear-polarization asymmetry and a circular-polarization asymmetry, were computed including both non-standard ttbar#gamma# and #gamma##gamma#H couplings. An optimal-observable analysis for the process #gamma##gamma##->#ttbar#->#l"#+-# was performed in order to estimate the precision for determination of all relevant non-standard couplings, including the anomalous tbW coupling.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A technique for calculation of the total weight of quark clusters-fluctons: in nuclei is developed. Blokhintsev's formula is justified microscopically and refined by introduction of spin-charge and quark factors. It is shown that the large values of the correlation radius (R/sub C/approx. =0.75 fm or 1.0 fm) derived from experimental data in various papers using this formula correspond to )similarreverse arrowto)2.5 times smaller internucleon distances in the flucton (0.3--0.4 fm), i.e., the hardness of fluctons is caused by unsuppressed manifestation of hidden color at such distances (the corresponding probabilities are presented)

CERN Document Server

We show that the renormalization group decimation of modern nucleon potential models to low momenta results in a unique nucleon interaction V_{low k}. This interaction is free of short-ranged singularities and can be used directly in many-body calculations. The RG scaling properties follow directly from the invariance of the scattering phase shifts. We discuss the RG treatment of Fermi liquids. The RG equation for the scattering amplitude in the two particle-hole channels is given at zero temperature. The flow equations are simplified by retaining only the leading term in an expansion in small momentum transfers. The RG flow is illustrated by first studying a system of spin-polarized fermions in a simple model. Finally, results for neutron matter are presented by employing the unique low momentum interaction V_{low k} as initial condition of the flow. The RG approach yields the amplitude for non-forward scattering, which is of great interest for calculations of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The form factor for excitation of the 1/sup +/ state at 3.48 MeV in /sup 88/Sr by inelastic electron scattering has been measured for momentum transfers q = 0.24-0.62 fm/sup -1/. Neither its magnitude nor shape can be described employing the best available nuclear wave functions. We demonstrate with a schematic model that the observed reduction of the form factor may be understood by taking into account a renormalization of the M1-operator due to virtual ..delta..-hole excitations.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Local-density-approximation calculations of the H-point phonon frequency of molybdenum were carried out using a new superlinearized augmented-plane-wave basis. The calculated frequency is in quite good agreement with experiment. This indicates that the effect of the many-body renormalization of the electronic states near the Fermi energy on this frequency is smaller than previously suggested. The superlinearized basis and its use to circumvent computational difficulties associated with extended semicore states such as the 4p state of molybdenum is described.

CERN Document Server

We propose a numerical method for resummation of perturbative series, which is based on the stochastic perturbative solution of Schwinger-Dyson equations. The method stochastically estimates the coefficients of perturbative series, and incorporates Borel resummation in a natural way. Similarly to the "worm" algorithm, the method samples open Feynman diagrams, but with an arbitrary number of external legs. As a test of our numerical algorithm, we study the scale dependence of the renormalized coupling constant in a theory of one-component scalar field with quartic interaction. We confirm the triviality of this theory in four and five space-time dimensions, and the instability of the trivial fixed point in three dimensions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The naive time reversal odd (T-odd) parton distribution $h_{1}^{\\perp}$, the so-called Boer-Mulders function, for both $u$- and $d$-quarks is considered in the diquark spectator model. While other approaches give evidence that the signs of the Boer-Mulders function for both flavors $u$ and $d$ are the same and negative, previous caculations in the diquark-spectator model found $h_{1}^{\\perp(u)}$ and $h_{1}^{\\perp(d)}$ have differnet signs. The flavor dependence is of significance for the analysis of the azimuthal $\\cos(2\\phi)$ asymmetries in unpolarized SIDIS and DY-processes, as well as for the overall physical understanding of the distribution of transversely polarized quarks in unpolarized nucleons. We find substantial differences with previous work. In particular we obtain estimates of the zeroth, half and first moments of Boer-Mulders functions that are negative over the full range in Bjorken $x$ for both the up and down ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wonderful opportunities await particle physics over the next decade, with the coming of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN to explore the 1-TeV scale (extending efforts at LEP and the Tevatron to unravel the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking) and many initiatives to develop our understanding of the problem of identity: what makes a neutrino a neutrino and a top quark a top quark. Here I have in mind the work of the B factories and the Tevatron collider on CP violation and the weak interactions of the b quark; the wonderfully sensitive experiments at Brookhaven, CERN, Fermilab, and Frascati on CP violation and rare decays of kaons; the prospect of definitive accelerator experiments on neutrino oscillations and the nature of the neutrinos; and a host of new experiments on the sensitivity frontier. We might even learn to read experiment for clues about the dimensionality of spacetime. If we are inventive enough, we may be ...

CERN Document Server

In the littlest Higgs model with T-parity (LHT) the mirror quarks induce the special flavor structures and some new flavor-changing (FC) couplings which could greatly enhance the production rates of the FC processes. We in this paper study some bottom and anti-strange production processes in the LHT model at the International Linear Collider (ILC), i.e., $e^+e^-\\rightarrow b\\bar{s}$ and $\\gamma\\gamma\\rightarrow b\\bar{s}$. The results show that the production rates of these processes are sizeable for the favorable values of the parameters. Therefore, it is quite possible to test the LHT model or make some constrains on the relevant parameters of the LHT through the detection of these processes at the ILC.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We perform an optimal-observable analysis of the final charged-lepton/b-quark momentum distributions in {gamma}{gamma}{yields}t t-bar {yields}lX/bX for various beam polarizations in order to study possible anomalous t t-bar {gamma}, tbW and {gamma}{gamma}H couplings, which could be generated by SU(2) x U(1) gauge-invariant dimension-6 effective operators. We find optimal beam polarizations that will minimize the uncertainty in determination of those non-standard couplings. We also compare e e-bar and {gamma}{gamma} colliders from the viewpoint of the anomalous-top-quark-coupling determination.

CERN Document Server

We calculate the quarkonium dissociation rate in the P and CP-odd domains (bubbles) that were possibly created in heavy-ion collisions. In the presence of the magnetic field produced by the valence quarks of colliding ions, parity-odd domains generate electric field. Quarkonium dissociation is the result of quantum tunneling of quark or antiquark through the potential barrier in this electric field. The strength of the electric field in the quarkonium comoving frame depends on the quarkonium velocity with respect to the background magnetic field. We investigate momentum, electric field strength and azimuthal dependence of the dissociation rate. Azimuthal distribution of quarkonia surviving in the electromagnetic field is strongly anisotropic; the form of anisotropy depends on the relation between the electric and magnetic fields and quarkonium momentum. These features can be used to explore the properties of the electromagnetic field created in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A technique is developed for calculation of the total weight of the quark clusters-fluctons in atomic nuclei. The microscopical proof of Blochintsev formula is carried out and its refinement is obtained (spin-charge and quark factors enter the formula). It is shown that high values of the correlation radius (R_c #approx =# 0.75 fm or 1.0 fm in various papers) obtained from the experimental data making use of the above formula correspond to internucleon distances in flucton of 0.3-0.4 fm, which is by a factor of #approx# 2.5 lower. This means that the flucton hardness is due to free manifestation of hidden color at those distances (the appropriate probabilities are presented).

CERN Document Server

Tensor network states are used to approximate ground states of local Hamiltonians on a lattice in D spatial dimensions. Different types of tensor network states can be seen to generate different geometries. Matrix product states (MPS) in D=1 dimensions, as well as projected entangled pair states (PEPS) in D>1 dimensions, reproduce the D-dimensional physical geometry of the lattice model; in contrast, the multi-scale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA) generates a (D+1)-dimensional holographic geometry. Here we focus on homogeneous tensor networks, where all the tensors in the network are copies of the same tensor, and argue that certain structural properties of the resulting many-body states are preconditioned by the geometry of the tensor network and are therefore largely independent of the choice of variational parameters. Indeed, the asymptotic decay of correlations in homogeneous MPS and MERA for D=1 systems is seen to be determined by the structure ...

CERN Document Server

We discuss the foundations of factor or regression models in the light of the self-consistency condition that the market portfolio (and more generally the risk factors) is (are) constituted of the assets whose returns it is (they are) supposed to explain. As already reported in several articles, self-consistency implies correlations between the return disturbances. As a consequence, the alpha's and beta's of the factor model are unobservable. Self-consistency leads to renormalized beta's with zero effective alpha's, which are observable with standard OLS regressions. Analytical derivations and numerical simulations show that, for arbitrary choices of the proxy which are different from the true market portfolio, a modified linear regression holds with a non-zero value $\\alpha_i$ at the origin between an asset $i$'s return and the proxy's return. Self-consistency also introduces ``orthogonality'' and ``normality'' conditions linking the beta's, alpha's (as well as ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The observed inhibition of M4 transitions in A approx. 90 nuclei has represented a long standing theoretical problem. In particular by calculating first- and second-order configuration mixing contributions to the inhibited M4 lifetimes of /sup 89/Y and /sup 87/Sr, it is found that the first-order perturbative treatment of the residual interaction usually used in shell-model calculations is unjustified in this case. Using random-phase approximation techniques, the renormalization effects of collective (''giant'') M4 resonances in /sup 88/Sr on the low energy M4 transitions in /sup 89/Y and /sup 87/Sr are investigated. It is concluded that the observed retardation of M4 lifetimes in these nuclei is consistent with the manifestation of nuclear spin polarization.

CERN Document Server

Disorder on the string theory landscape may significantly affect dynamics of eternal inflation leading to the possibility for some vacua on the landscape to become dynamically preferable over others. We systematically study effects of a generic disorder on the landscape starting by identifying a sector with built-in disorder -- a set of de Sitter vacua corresponding to compactifications of the Type IIB string theory on Calabi-Yau manifolds with a number of warped Klebanov-Strassler throats attached randomly to the bulk part of the Calabi-Yau. Further, we derive continuum limit of the vacuum dynamics equations on the landscape. Using methods of dynamical renormalization group we determine the late time behavior of the probability distribution for an observer to measure a given value of the cosmological constant. We find the diffusion of the probability distribution to significantly slow down in sectors of the landscape where the number of nearest neighboring vacua ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present a new relativistic bound-state formalism for two interacting Fermi-Dirac particles. The kernel of the integral equation for the bound-state system is generated by summing Feynman scattering amplitudes and multiplying by a bound-state amplitude. The method is illustrated through calculations of the hyperfine and fine splittings of positronium up to order #alpha#"5. Our calculations of the one-loop contributions are carried out in the explicitly covariant Feynman gauge. We also present new results for the hyperfine and fine splittings in positronium to order #alpha#"5 for arbitrary principal quantum number n, which are easily obtained owing to the virtue of conceptual and calculational simplicity of our formalism. In addition, we present the one-loop renormalization scheme in our formalism. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stable strange quark matter produced in the QCD phase transition in the early universe will trap neutrons and repel protons, thus reducing primordial helium production, Ysub(p). For reasonable values of Ysub(p), the radius of strange droplets must exceed 10/sup 6/ cm if strange matter shall solve the dark-matter problem without spoiling Big Bang helium synthesis. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We discuss the origin of Bloom-Gilman duality and the relationship between resonances and scaling in deep-inelastic scattering. We present a simple quantum mechanical model which reproduces the essential features of Bloom-Gilman duality at low Q{sup 2}, and describe applications of local duality relating structure functions at x{approximately}1 and elastic electromagnetic form factors.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An approach to high energy nuclear reactions (relativistic nuclear physics) is developed on the basis of the quark-parton-flucton concept. The main assumptions underlying the known parton chain model are briefly reformulated, modified and generalized to the flucton case. This new model is used to investigate electron-nuclei and muon-nuclei inclusive reactions within the framework of quantum electrodynamics. The theoretical results are fitted well with existing data. (Auth.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Based on a hypothesis of multiquark states in nuclei, the nucleus structure functions are considered and the results are compared with experiment. It is shown that the multiquark state contributions are sufficiently high (Up to 20% in deuterium and 40% in iron) and must possess a greater, than in a nucleon, sea of quark-antiquark pairs. Also the comparison with the cumulative particle production cross sections is performed. The predictions are given for a further experimental test of that hypothesis.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Results are reported in the areas of: chiral fermions and anomalies, superstring finiteness, superstring phenomenology, spin splittings in heavy quarkonia, low-energy limits of superstring, a supersymmetric electroweak model with a light squark, scalar quark bound states, fermionic tachyons and Poincare representations, relativistic dynamics of spin-one particles and deuteron-nucleus scattering, interactions involving higher spin massless particles, and classical action at a distance theories which contain a cutoff. (LEW)

Science.gov (United States)

In an earlier paper (Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 41 (1991)), we calculated both the dielectric constant ({epsilon}{sub {infinity}}) and the nonlinear optical susceptibilities for second-harmonic generation ({chi}{sup (2)}) in the static limit for AlP, AlAs, GaP, and GaAs in the local-density approximation with and without a self-energy correction in the form of a scissors operator,'' including local-field effects. In this paper, we expand our presentation of this calculation. Agreement with experiment to within 15% for the nonlinear susceptibility is demonstrated where experiments are available (GaP and GaAs); the dielectric constants are in no worse than 4% agreement with experiment. The virtual hole'' contributions are reformulated to avoid large numerical cancellations in the case of near degeneracies. The virtual electron'' terms dominate over the virtual hole'' terms by about one order of magnitude. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This chapter consists of some points including an introduction, the basic parts of mass spectroscope device, sample introduction into the inductively coupled plasma, pneumatic nebuliser, ultrasonic nebuliser, dry gas cloud system, laser ablation unit, inductively coupled plasma-ion source, extraction of ions from ion source, mass analysis, quad-polar mass spectrometer, dual assembly mass spectrometer, mass spectrometer by calculation of time of flight, ion interferences and the ability of resolution, ion counter, working conditions of inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscope device, efficiency of ion transportation in an inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscope device and applications of analysis using mass spectroscope of induced plasma including nuclear, industrial, geological, environmental and archaeological ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Results are presented of an empirical analysis of the global thermodynamical requirements of the winds in the outer atmospheres of a representative sample of red giant stars of low- and intermediate-mass range. Results indicate that the mass-loss rates in these stars are not strongly dependent on the actual physical processes driving the winds. It is suggested that nonlinear processes act to regulate wind energy fluxes. Possible mechanisms responsible for the chromospheric heating and the mass loss in the low- and intermediate-mass giant stars are discussed. 151 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The LSND (Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector) experiment will be performed at LAMPF in the next several years. The main goal of the experiment is to search for {nu}{sub {mu}}-{nu}{sub e} oscillations with high sensitivity; however, an increasingly important by-product of this search is to measure {nu}p {yields} {nu}p elastic scattering and determine the strange quark contribution, {Delta}s, to the spin of the proton. With the 800-MeV proton energy of LAMPF, neutrinos are produced from pion decay-in-flight with an average energy of about 150 MeV. This energy is sufficiently high so that the {nu}p {yields} {nu}p cross section is large and is sufficiently low so that the low Q{sup 2} approximation (Q{sup 2} {much lt} m{sub p}{sup 2}) is valid and the cross section can be expressed in a simple form dependent upon {Delta}s as the only unknown. LAMPF with its 1-mA proton intensity is, therefore, an ideal accelerator to perform this measurement. 12 refs., 7 figs., 2 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We review some interesting virtual effects from the minimal supersymmetric model (MSSM) at {gamma}{gamma} colliders. We conclude that in the research respects, such as supersymmetric particle pair production, CP-violation and electroweak-like one-loop corrections in top quark pair production, the FCNC in the R{sub p}-violating MSSM, linear collider (LC) operating in photon-photon collision mode provides powerful facilities in the measurements of new physics objects. For a precise and thorough study of the new physics, the investigation of the supersymmetric quantum effects is necessary. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility experiment E01-012 measured the 3He spin structure functions and virtual photon asymmetries in the resonance region in the momentum transfer range 1.0 < Q2 < 4.0 (GeV/c)2. Our date, when compared with existing deep inelastic scattering data, can be used to test quark-hadron duality in g1 and A1 for 3He and the neutron. Preliminary results for A{sub 1}{sup {sup 3}He} are presented, as well as some details about the experiment.

CERN Document Server

We show that in the Landau gauge of the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory the residual global symmetry supports existence of the topological vortices which resemble disclination defects in the nematic liquid crystals and the Alice (half-quantum) vortices in the superfluid heluim 3 in the A-phase. The theory also possesses half-integer and integer charged monopoles which are analogous to the point-like defects in the nematic crystal and in the liquid helium. We argue that the deconfinement phase transition in the Yang-Mills theory in the Landau gauge is associated with the proliferation of these vortices and/or monopoles. The disorder caused by these defects is suggested to be responsible for the confinement of quarks in the low-temperature phase.

CERN Document Server

We present results for a complete set of polarization observables for jet production in lepton proton collision, where the final state lepton is not observed. The calculations are carried out in collinear factorization at the level of Born diagrams. For all the observables we also provide numerical estimates for typical kinematics of a potential future Electron Ion Collider. On the basis of this numerical study, the prospects for the transverse single target spin asymmetry are particularly promising. This observable is given by a certain quark-gluon correlation function, which has a direct relation to the transverse momentum dependent Sivers parton distribution.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Most general tbW couplings were investigated in the process #gamma##gamma# #-># tt-bar #-># l"#+-#X for unpolarized photon beams. The double angular and energy distribution of the lepton was calculated and an optimal-observable analysis on it was carried out for the SM tt-bar production mechanism. It was also shown that the leptonic angular distribution is insensitive to non-standard tbW vertex. That means that observation of non-standard effects indicates existence of some new physics in the production part.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Based on QCD conformal partial wave expansion to leading order conformal spin accuracy, we present the light-cone distribution amplitudes (DAs) of {sigma} and {lambda} baryons up to twist 6. It is concluded that fourteen independent DAs are needed to describe the valence three-quark states of the baryons at small transverse separations. The nonperturbative parameters relevant to the DAs are determined within the framework of QCD sum rule method. With the obtained DAs, a simple investigation on the electromagnetic form factors of these baryons are given. The magnetic moments of the baryons are estimated by fitting the magnetic form factor with the dipole formula.

Science.gov (United States)

Three Sun-mass star evolution from main sequence to helium exhaustion in core, noting chronology of

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We argue that closed string tachyons drive two spacetime topology changing transitions - loss of genus in a Riemann surface and separation of a Riemann surface into two components. The tachyons of interest are localized versions of Scherk-Schwarz winding string tachyons arising on Riemann surfaces in regions of moduli space where string-scale tubes develop. Spacetime and world-sheet renormalization group analyses provide strong evidence that the decay of these tachyons removes a portion of the spacetime, splitting the tube into two pieces. We address the fate of the gauge fields and charges lost in the process, generalize it to situations with weak flux backgrounds, and use this process to study the type 0 tachyon, providing further evidence that its decay drives the theory sub-critical. Finally, we discuss the time-dependent dynamics of this topology-changing transition and find that it can occur more efficiently than analogous transitions on extended ...

CERN Document Server

E8 X E8 heterotic string and M-theory, when appropriately compactified, can give rise to realistic, N=1 supersymmetric particle physics. In particular, the exact matter spectrum of the MSSM, including three right-handed neutrino supermultiplets, one per family, and one pair of Higgs-Higgs conjugate superfields is obtained by compactifying on Calabi-Yau manifolds admitting specific SU(4) vector bundles. These "heterotic standard models" have the SU(3)_{C} X SU(2)_{L} X U(1)_{Y} gauge group of the standard model augmented by an additional gauged U(1)_{B-L}. Their minimal content requires that the B-L gauge symmetry be spontaneously broken by a vacuum expectation value of at least one right-handed sneutrino. In a previous paper, we presented the results of a renormalization group analysis showing that B-L gauge symmetry is indeed radiatively broken with a B-L/electroweak hierarchy of O(10) to O(10^{2}). In this paper, we present the details of that analysis, extending ...

CERN Document Server

We analyze the impact of trap states in the oxide layer of a superconducting tunnel junctions, on the fluctuation of the Josephson critical current, thus on coherence in superconducting qubits. Two mechanisms are usually considered: the current blockage due to repulsion at the occupied trap states, and the noise from electrons hopping across a trap. We extend previous studies of noninteracting traps to the case where the traps have on-site electron repulsion inside one ballistic channel. The repulsion not only allows the appropriate temperature dependence of 1/f noise, but also is a control to the coupling between the computational qubit and the spurious two-level systems inside the oxide dielectric. We use second order perturbation theory which allows to obtain analytical formulae for the interacting bound states and spectral weights, limited to small and intermediate repulsions. Remarkably, it still reproduces the main features of the model as identified from the Numerical ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Theoretical interpretation of fast-charged-particle spectra, observed in the #alpha#-particle-induced reactions on the s-d shell nuclei (A = 24-28), in terms of the Intranuclear Cascade Model and the GDH exciton model (ALICE) is presented. The de-excitation of the excited residual nuclei is accounted for by the evaporation process. The theoretically predicted fast-proton and #alpha#' spectral shapes compare reasonably well with the corresponding measured spectra. However, the magnitude depends critically (as expected) on the reaction cross section employed by the model. As a first step to improve the model predictability of the reaction products, a closer look at the calculation of the #alpha#-particle reaction cross sections was undertaken. A microscopic approach using the optical theorem of Glauber's theory was employed to estimate the #alpha#-induced reaction cross sections for the light target nuclei under consideration. The calculated particle spectra were ...

CERN Document Server

Classical control theory has played a major role in the development of present-day technologies. Likewise, recently developed quantum optimal control methods can be applied to emerging quantum technologies, e.g. quantum information processing -- until now, at the level of a few qubits. However, such methods encounter severe limits when applied to many-body quantum systems: due to the complexity of simulating the latter, existing quantum control algorithms (requiring many iterations to converge) usually fail to yield a desired final state within an acceptable computational time. In contrast, we present here a strategy for controlling a vast range of non-integrable one-dimensional systems that is efficiently applicable to quantum many-body systems, as it can be merged with state-of-the-art tensor network simulation methods like the Density Matrix Renormalization Group. To demonstrate its potential, we employ it to solve a major issue in current optical-lattice ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The results that can be expected by e{gamma} and {gamma}{gamma} colliders in future are summarized. e{gamma} and {gamma}{gamma} colliders have many fine possibilities, and are the economical selection for utilizing future e{sup +}e{sup -} colliders more effectively. e{gamma} and {gamma}{gamma} colliders were proposed by former USSR researchers at the beginning of 1980s, but recently, the prospect of realizing future e{sup +}e{sup -} collision type linear accelerator projects has become high, they have become to be considered seriously as the option of remodeling them. The high energy photon beam of e{gamma} and {gamma}{gamma} colliders is obtained by causing Compton reverse scattering, irradiating laser beam to the electron beam of e{sup +}e{sup -} accelerators. The production of {gamma}-beam is explained. As for the physics noteworthy in e{gamma} colliders, abnormal gauge coupling, the formation of Higgs particles, excited leptons, lepto-quark, supersymmetric ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The masses of the proton-rich nuclides "8"5","8"6","8"7Mo and "8"7Tc have been measured with the Penning trap mass spectrometer SHIPTRAP at GSI. The measured mass excesses of these nuclei deviate from the values of the Atomic Mass Evaluation 2003 by up to 1.6 MeV, indicating a systematic shift of the mass surface in this region compared to previous measurements. A local mass extrapolation based on the new results has been made for the mass range A=80-95. Measured and extrapolated mass values and the derived separation energies have been compared to theoretical mass models. Taking into account the new mass excess values, rp-process network calculations have been performed. Preliminary results show changes in the final abundances for A=86-92 by up to a factor of 30. Results of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The masses of proton rich nuclides in the vicinity of N=Z=43 were measured with the Penning trap mass spectrometer SHIPTRAP at GSI. These nuclei were produced in the fusion-evaporation reaction "3"6Ar+"5"4Fe at energies of 5.0 and 5.9 MeV/u and separated at the velocity filter SHIP. The data are of astrophysical interest since these nuclei are believed to be a part of the rp and #nu#p process paths. The masses of "8"5Mo and "8"7Tc were measured for the first time. The masses of another two nuclides, "8"6","8"7Mo, were determined for the first time in a direct mass measurement. For these nuclides the mass excess deviates from values of the 2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by up to 1.5 MeV, indicating a systematic shift of the mass surface in this region of the nuclear chart. Additionally, the masses of ...

Science.gov (United States)

Not Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The mass-energy spectra of the fragments of thermal fission of {sup 242m}Am are measured using the time-of-flight technique. The resulting mass-yield curve and peak-to-valley ratio agree with radiochemical data. The parameters of the kinetic energy distribution of the fragments are determined for the first time. Data on the fine structure of mass spectra in the region of cold fragmentation are presented. 15 refs., 4 figs.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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CERN Document Server

We investigate the influence of the turbulence forcing on the mass distributions of gravitationally unstable cores by postprocessing data from simulations of non-selfgravitating isothermal supersonic turbulence with varying resolution. In one set of simulations solenoidal forcing is applied, while the second set uses purely compressive forcing to excite turbulent motions. From the resulting density field, we compute the mass distribution of gravitationally unstable cores by means of a clump-finding algorithm. Using the time-averaged probability density functions of the mass density, semi-analytic mass distributions are calculated from analytical theories. We apply stability criteria that are based on the Bonnor-Ebert mass resulting from the thermal pressure and from the sum of thermal and turbulent pressure. Although there are uncertainties in the application of the clump-finding ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The thesis deals with measurement of the mass of the W boson at LEP2, based on the direct reconstruction of its decay products in the hadronic channel. A set of procedures necessary for the extraction of the W mass from the experimental data collected with the DELPHI detector in 1997 was developed (search of optimal variables for the event selection, development of a special method of kinematical reconstruction). The measured value of the mass was interpreted in the framework of the Standard Model, allowing to constrain the mass of the Higgs boson. A substantial part of the work is devoted to systematic effects due to the interactions between the hadronic decay products of the W bosons (colour reconnection and Bose-Einstein correlations), which may significantly influence the measurement of their mass. (author) 53 refs., 104 figs., 33 tabs.

Science.gov (United States)

Least-squares analyses were performed on a set of atomic masses using standard and generalized senaiempirical mass laws. Presumably because of errors in the assured form of the standand mass law, its least-squares coefficients can be determined at best to an accuracy of about 10%, and masses are predicted with an uncertainty of several Mev/c/sup 2/. The standard mass law was generalized by addition of shell effect and deformation terms. While the least-squares fitting of the generalized mass law is better than for the standard mass law, it is still not possible to predict atomic masses to an accuracy better than a few Mev/c/sup 2/. The nuclear deformations and the well depth . of the nuclear interaction obtained from the additional mass-law terms are in reasonable agreement ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A metamaterial that is composed of solid viscoelastic elements with controllable properties is proposed in this Letter. This enables an adaptable and general acoustic metamaterial to be practically realised. An array of masses with a single elastic connection to a supporting viscoelastic structure, such as one that is dynamically equivalent to an array of Helmholtz resonators, only provides a system with negative effective mass. A local active control scheme applied to each of these masses can emulate additional elastic connections to the supporting structure. An array of masses with a suitable local control scheme can provide both the negative effective stiffness and mass required for negative refraction. The tuneable feedback control parameters determine the characteristics of the region...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mass distribution in 28.5 MeV alpha particle induced fission of "2"3"2Th has been determined using gamma spectrometric technique. The chain yields of 24 different fission products covering both symmetric and asymmetric mass divisions were determined. The mass distribution was found to be asymmetric with peak positions at mass numbers 96 and 136 respectively while the peak to valley ratio was 3.86. The results are compared with the available literature on 14 MeV neutron induced fission of "2"3"5U. (orig.).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Isotopic analyses of radioactive materials such as irradiated nuclear fuel are of major importance for the optimization of the nuclear fuel cycle and for safeguard aspects. Among the mass-spectrometric techniques available, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry are the most frequently applied methods for nuclear applications. Because of the low detection limits, the ability to analyze the isotopic composition of the elements and the applicability of the techniques for measuring stable as well as radioactive nuclides with similar sensitivity, both mass-spectrometric techniques are an excellent amendment to classical radioactivity counting methods. The paper describes selected applications of multicollector ICP-MS in combination with c...

CERN Document Server

Determining the type of matter that is inside a neutron star (NS) has been a long-standing goal of astrophysics. Despite this, most of the NS equations of state (EOS) that predict maximum masses in the range 1.4-2.8 solar masses are still viable. Most of the precise NS mass measurements that have been made to date show values close to 1.4 solar masses, but a reliable measurement of an over-massive NS would constrain the EOS possibilities. Here, we investigate how optical astrometry at the microarcsecond level can be used to map out the orbits of High-Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs), leading to tight constraints on NS masses. While previous studies by Unwin and co-workers and Tomsick and co-workers discuss the fact that the future Space Interferometry Mission should be capable of making such measurements, the current work describes detailed simulations for 6 HMXB ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A two-dimensional (2D) lattice model with anisotropic resonant microstructures is found to provide an anisotropic band gap structure. A 2D continuum with anisotropic effective mass density is introduced to represent this lattice system. Two methods are proposed to derive the equivalent continuum. In the first method, the effective mass density of the equivalent continuum is obtained by matching the dispersion relations for harmonic waves propagating in the principal directions. The second approach employs an approximate estimation of the effective mass density by volume-averaging an effective mass that represents the resonant microstructure. For both equivalent continuum models, the effective mass density is frequency-dependent and may become negative in certain frequency ranges. Subsequen...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The mass asymmetry of fragments from nuclear fission of heavy nuclei is reviewed. While mass asymmetry is a common and well-known phenomenon for low-energy fission of the lighter actinides, more recent experiments have demonstrated that, for the heaviest actinides, the mass distribution switches to a symmetric one. On the other hand, it has been discovered that, though for fissioning nuclei with mass numbers A< or #approx#225 the mass distribution is basically symmetric, an asymmetric component is clearly to be identified for nuclei down to the Pb-region. In the absence of a generally accepted dynamical theory of fission, the above experimental findings are discussed in terms of static energy considerations. Triggered from the outset by the structure of the potential energy surface at the saddlepoint, the energy balance at the scission point between the available energy (Q-value) ...

CERN Document Server

We discuss three possible ways to address quantum physics behind chiral magnetic effect and electric charge fluctuation patterns in heavy ion collisions. The first one makes use of P-parity violation probed by local order parameters, the second considers CME in quantum measurement theory framework and the third way is to study P-odd * P-odd contributions to P-even observables. In the latter approach relevant form-factor is extracted and computed for weak magnetic field in confinement region and for free quarks in strong field regime. It is shown that the effect is negligible in the former case. We also discuss saturation effect - charge fluctuation asymmetry for free fermions reaches constant value at asymptotically large fields.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper we present an approach to study the radiative decay modes of the J/{psi} into a photon and one of the tensor mesons f{sub 2}(1270), f' {sub 2}(1525), as well as the scalar ones f{sub 0}(1370) and f{sub 0}(1710). Especially, we compare predictions that emerge from a scheme where the states appear dynamically in the solution of vector meson-vector meson scattering amplitudes to those from a (admittedly naive) quark model. We provide evidence that it might be possible to distinguish amongst the two scenarios, once improved data are available. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We point out that the occurrence of a large-distance ''Coulomb'' term in the static quark-antiquark potential is related to tachyons in the underlying string model. Thus, the tachyon contents determine the coefficient of the ''Coulomb'' term. For a scalar string, one has Luescher's result -(d-2) /24R, for a Neveu-Schwarz string one obtains -(d-2) /16R, whereas for the Ramond string (and strings without tachyons) the ''Coulomb'' term vanishes. Monte Carlo data for QCD prefers a ''Coulomb'' term. This is not inconsistent with the tachyonic origin of this term, since the large-distance behaviour of string models is consistent even with tachyons. Also, critical dimensions are not necessary at large distances.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

MINER?A is a high resolution, fully active detector designed to study neutrino interactions on nuclei in the NuMI beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The active volume of the detector consists of 3 tons of plastic scintillator and includes embedded targets of 4He, C, H2O, Fe and Pb. The MINER?A collaboration expects to perform precision, A-dependent neutrino cross section measurements in the 1?10 GeV region, measure the axial form factor, and study nuclear shadowing of F2, quark-hadron duality and coherent pion production, among other topics. MINER?A began data taking in the fall of 2009. This paper describes the MINER?A experiment and provides an overview of the physics objectives along with estimated uncertainties of the measurements and the tentative projected schedule of dat...

CERN Document Server

The main topic of this thesis concerns efficient algorithms for the calculation of determinants of the kind of matrix typically encountered in lattice QCD. In particular an efficient method for calculating the fermion determinant is described. Such a calculation is useful to illustrate the effects of light dynamical (virtual) quarks. The methods employed in this thesis are stochastic methods, based on the Lanczos algorithm, which is used for the solution of large, sparse matrix problems via a partial tridiagonalisation of the matrix. Here an implementation is explored which requires less exhaustive treatment of the matrix than previous Lanczos methods. This technique exploits the analogy between the Lanczos tridiagonalisation algorithm and Gaussian quadrature in order to calculate the fermion determinant. A technique for determining a number of the eigenvalues of the matrix is also presented. A demonstration is then given of how one can improve upon this estimate ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A large detector with high redundancy is used to search for various types of anomalous particles in cosmic rays at sea level. The detector is sensitive to zenith angles between 45"0 and 90"0. Previously obtained limits on the fluxes of charge (1/3) and (2/3) particles are reduced to 2.9 x 10"-"1"0 and 2.6 x 10"-"1"0 cm"-"2sr "-"1 sec"-"1, respectively. The flux of ionizing tachyons is determined to be less than 2.4 x 10"-"9 cm"-"2 sr"-"1 sec"-"1. The massive-particle flux limit we obtain is inconsistent with previous claims of such particles assuming that these particles are isotropic in zenith angle.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Experimental studied of deep-inelastic scattering of neutrino, antineutrino, #mu#-mesons, electron reactions on He, D, Al, Fe, Au, Be, C, Ca, Ag, N nuclei conducted in recent years at different laboratories the world for consideration of modern status of the problems of R(x, Q"2) = #sigma#sub(L)/#sigma#sub(T) parameter variation and for study on nuclear effects in structural functions of nucleons are described in the review. Experimental information on measurements of the R parameter by data on EMS and SLAK groups is analyzed. It is noted that experimental data on measuring R contain essential errors that hampers unambiguous interpretation of data on nucleon structure. Present experimental data and predictions for explanation of the EMS effect are analyzed from the view point of quark and flucton models of a nucleus.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

I describe a search for anomalous production of Z pairs through a new massive resonance X in 2.5-2.9 fb{sup -1} of p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV using the CDFII Detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. I reconstruct Z pairs through their decays to electrons, muons, and quarks. To achieve perhaps the most efficient lepton reconstruction ever used at CDF, I apply a thorough understanding of the detector and new reconstruction software heavily revised for this purpose. In particular, I have designed and employ new general-purpose algorithms for tracking at large {eta} in order to increase muon acceptance. Upon analyzing the unblinded signal samples, I observe no X {yields} ZZ candidates and set upper limits on the production cross section using a Kaluza-Klein graviton-like acceptance.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The scaling of reproductive parameters to body size is important for understanding ecological and evolutionary patterns. Here, we derived allometric relationships for the number and mass of seeds, eggs...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundMass treatment to trachoma endemic communities is a critical part of the World Health Organization SAFE strategy. However, non-participation may not be at random, affecting...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have developed a method for dissecting single neurons from the nematode Ascaris suum, in order to determine their peptide content by mass spectrometry (MS). In this paper,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric (LC/MS/MS) assay was developed for the quantitative determination of salirasib (S-trans, trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid,...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... 036[0598:DMBRSP]2.0.CO;2 Dendrochronological Mass Balance Reconstruction, Strathcona Provincial Park, Vancouver Island, British ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Charge reduction electrospray mass spectrometry (CREMS) reduces the charge states of electrospray-generated ions, which concentrates the ions from a protein into fewer peaks spread over a larger...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in several patterns of thoracic and abdominal fatty masses, has been examined. In selected cases our findings overlap the features of the recent literature. The possibility of surgical therapy in peculiar cases of adipose deposits, commonly esteemed benign, is considered.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Validation of body-mass relationships requires a careful statistical analysis of data of normal weight individuals. BMI (ratio between body mass and square of body height) and BSI values (ratio between...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Derivations are made for the mass and the mass-turnover time scale of an accretion disk as a function of the accretion rate, the observed disk radius, the non-viscous disk radius, and two parameters. These parameters depend on the effectiveness of viscosity and tidal angular momentum loss. Application is made to DQ Herculis.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... capture radioisotopes energy levels excited states intermediate mass nuclei

CERN Document Server

We explore the structure of a new family gauge symmetry U(3) and show its experimental signatures to search for. U(3) gauge bosons obviate an unwelcome deviation of the charged lepton mass formula with the running masses from that with the pole masses. The current structure of this model leads to flavor number violations via exchange of extra gauge bosons. We obtain bounds on the masses of the gauge bosons from rare kaon decay searches and muonium-antimuonium oscillation searches. We propose attractive signatures at LHC and lepton colliders and discuss feasibility of their discovery.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Oceanographic Institution, Mass. (USA) v. 8 p. 439-442. abundance

CERN Document Server

We investigate several varying-mass dark-matter particle models in the framework of phantom cosmology. We examine whether there exist late-time cosmological solutions, corresponding to an accelerating universe and possessing dark energy and dark matter densities of the same order. Imposing exponential or power-law potentials and exponential or power-law mass dependence, we conclude that the coincidence problem cannot be solved or even alleviated. Thus, if dark energy is attributed to the phantom paradigm, varying-mass dark matter models cannot fulfill the basic requirement that led to their construction.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The mass distribution of the Sombrero Galaxy, NGC 4594, is calculated in order to investigate the suspicion that the rotational velocity of the galactic gas does not measure the circular velocity in the galaxy. It is shown that the H II rotation velocities are much less than circular in the central 35 arcsec of the galaxy, and that the suspicion is correct. Thus, the H II rotation velocities cannot be used to measure the mass distribution. The absorption-line rotation curve is used to derive the mass distribution, and it is found that the M/L ratio is nearly constant. It is concluded that the visible matter is self-gravitating at least in the central 180 arcsec. 44 references.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... americium 241 americium 242 beta decay chain reactions integral doses mass

Science.gov (United States)

... ire examples of successive operations, as are the breakout operations GOODWOOD and COBRA. Also, for the first time, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... energy spectra inelastic scattering ion-molecule collisions mass spectrometers

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... intermediate mass nuclei isotopes leptonic decay nuclei odd-even nuclei

CERN Document Server

Using the finite-range regularisation (FRR) of chiral effective field theory, the chiral extrapolation formula for the vector meson mass is derived for the case of partially-quenched QCD. We re-analyse the dynamical fermion QCD data for the vector meson mass from the CP-PACS collaboration. A global fit, including finite lattice spacing effects, of all 16 of their ensembles is performed. We study the FRR method together with a naive polynomial approach and find excellent agreement ~1% with the experimental value of M_rho from the former approach. These results are extended to the case of the nucleon mass.

Science.gov (United States)

... analyzer section for angle resolved measurements, and a thin film evaporator with a quartz crystal microbalance to measure the mass deposition. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isospin-breaking effects in the baryonic sector are studied in the framework of a medium-modified Skyrme model. The neutron-proton mass difference in infinite, asymmetric nuclear matter is discussed. In order to describe the influence of the nuclear environment on the skyrmions, we include energy-dependent charged and neutral pion optical potentials in the s- and p-wave channels. The present approach predicts that the neutron-proton mass difference is mainly dictated by its strong part and that it strongly decreases in neutron matter. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The influence of rigid-body and differential rotation and of a fine-scale chaotic magnetic field and a poloidal magnetic field on the minimum mass of a main-sequence star is investigated. It is shown that rotation and a magnetic field with an energy equal to 10--20% of the star's gravitational energy increase the minimum mass of a main-sequence star by 1.5--2 times.

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This paper illustrates how the techniques developed by the authors for capital cost targeting of mass exchange networks can be applied to determination of capital investment targets for reduction in effluent for existing systems involving mass exchange. The results is an impact diagram which shows the relationship between effluent reduction and capital investment, indicating a region of limiting return on investment as well as the maximum possible reduction in effluent. (au)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The in-plane resistivity, in-plane absolute thermopower, and upper critical field measurements are reported for single-crystal samples of YNi_2B_2C and LuNi_2B_2C superconductors. The in-plane resistivity shows metallic behavior and varies approximately linearly with temperature near room temperature (RT) but shows nearly quadratic behavior in temperature at low temperatures. The YNi_2B_2C and LuNi_2B_2C single-crystal samples exhibit large transverse magnetoresistance (#approx#6 8% at 45 kOe) in the ab plane. The absolute thermopower S(T) is negative from RT to the superconducting transition temperature T_c. Its magnitude at RT is a few times of the value for a typical good metal. S(T) is approximately linear in temperature between #approx#150 K and RT. Extrapolation to T=0 gives large intercepts (few #mu#V/K) for both samples suggesting the presence of a much larger knee than would be expected from electron-phonon interaction renormalization effects. The upper ...

CERN Document Server

We address the deviations of the scaling relations of elliptical galaxies from the expectations based on the virial theorem and homology, including the "tilt" of the "fundamental plane" and the steep decline of density with mass. We show that such tilts result from dissipative major mergers once the gas fraction available for dissipation declines with progenitor mass, and derive the scaling properties of the progenitors. We use hydrodynamical simulations to quantify the effects of major mergers with different gas fractions on the structural properties of galaxies. The tilts are driven by the differential shrinkage of the effective stellar radius as a function of dissipation in the merger, while the correlated smaller enhancements in internal velocity and stellar mass keep the slope of the velocity-stellar mass relation near V \\pr M_*^{1/4}. The progenitors match a straightforward model of disc ...

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The authors search Z{prime} bosons in dielectron events produced in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, using a 0.45 fb{sup -1} dataset accumulated with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. To identify the Z{prime} {yields} e{sup +}e{sup -} signal, both the dielectron invariant mass distribution and the angular distribution of the electron pair are used. No evidence of a signal is found, and 95% confidence level lower limits are set on the Z{prime} mass for several models. Limits are also placed on the mass and gauge coupling of a generic Z{prime}, as well as on the contact interaction mass scales for different helicity structure scenarios.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A study of elliptical flow is carried out for different mass asymmetries of colliding nuclei using the reactions of Formula Not Shown ( Formula Not Shown ), Formula Not Shown ( Formula Not Shown ) and Formula Not Shown ( Formula Not Shown ). The present reactions are simulated at incident energies between 50 and 250 MeV/nucleon within the framework of isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model. For the present analysis, total mass of colliding pairs is kept fixed and mass asymmetry is varied between 0.3 and 0.7. The elliptical flow shows a transition from in-plane to out-of-plane in the mid rapidity region with incident energy. The transition energy is found to increase with the mass asymmetry for light charged particles. A good agreement is obtained with experimental measurements.

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Mass transfer to a wall of a horizontal rectangular channel reactor was investigated by the limiting current technique for Reynolds numbers ranging from 200 to 32000. Overall mass transfer coefficients at various mass transfer surface angles were obtained while the reactor was operated under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Dimensionless correlations were developed for isothermal flows from 25 to 55{sup o}C and for non-isothermal flows with applied temperature differences up to 30{sup o}C. In the laminar flow range natural convection dominated, but under turbulent conditions combined natural and forced convection prevailed. Mass transfer was approximately doubled under optimum selection of channel surface rotation, temperature gradient and flow rate. (author)

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Changes in mass density of amorphous Pd{sub 80}Si{sub 20} were monitored in situ during irradiation with He{sup 2+} and H{sup +} ions at temperatures below 100 K and during subsequent thermal treatment. The mass density decreased with increasing ion fluence and exponentially approached a saturation value of -1.2%, corresponding to a recombination volume of 190 atomic volumes. The initial swelling rate was 2.3 atomic volumes/displaced atom. The mass density of the irradiated material increased during subsequent thermal treatment, and the irradiation-induced decrease of the mass density recovered completely at room temperature.

CERN Document Server

We consider typeIIA supergravity solution of D2-branes and D3-branes localized within D6-branes in the near-core region of D6-branes. With these solutions we can calculate the spectrum of the glueball mass in QCD3 and QCD4. The equation of motion describing the dilaton has the same eigenvalues and the same glueball masses in QCD3 and QCD4. Glueball mass spectrum is the same in the near core region of D6-branes of their M-theory counterpart is KK monopole. We conclude that the glueball mass spectrum is the same in QCD3 and QCD4 by considering the `near-core' limit of D6-branes of which M-theory counterpart (KK monopole background) becomes an ALE space with an $A_{N-1}$ singularity times 7 dimensional Minkowski space $M^{(6,1)}$.

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A new technique has been developed for the measurement of steam mass flowrate, water mass flowrate and total enthalpy of two-phase fluids produced from geothermal wells. The method involves precisely metered injection of liquid and vapor phase tracers into the two-phase production pipeline and concurrent sampling of each phase downstream of the injection point. Subsequent chemical analysis of the steam and water samples for tracer content enables the calculation of mass flowrate for each phase given the known mass injection rates of tracer. This technique has now been used extensively at the Coso geothermal project, owned and operated by California Energy Company. Initial validation of the method was performed at the Roosevelt Hot Springs geothermal project on wells producing to individual production separators equipped with orificeplate flowmeters for each phase.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We have obtained radial velocities for 69 stars in the globular cluster M2 (NGC 7089). M2's rotation axis is, within sizeable uncertainties, perpendicular to the major axis determined by the flattening. The ratio of rotational to random kinetic energy agrees with that predicted from the ellipticity assuming an oblate figure and an isotropic velocity-dispersion tensor. We have fitted King-Michie models to determine M2's mass, the exponent of an assumed power-law mass function, and the anisotropy radius. The most significant sources of uncertainty in the modeling are the velocity dispersion, the distance, and the mass-luminosity relation for the cluster stars. The models favor mass functions similar to or shallower than the Salpeter initial-mass function and a moderate amount of velocity anisotropy.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Theoretical prediction of nuclear masses is analyzed as a pattern recognition problem on the N-Z plane. A global pattern is observed by plotting the differences between measured masses and Liquid Drop Model (LDM) predictions. After unfolding the data by removing the smooth LDM mass contributions, the remaining microscopic effects have proved difficult to model, although they display a striking pattern. These deviations carry information related to shell closures, nuc]ear deformation and the residual nuclear interactions. In the present work the more than 2000 known nuclear masses are studied as an array in the N-Z plane viewed through a mask, behind which the approximately 7000 unknown unstable nuclei that can exist between the proton and neutron drip lines are hidden. We show here that employing a Fourier transform deconvolution method these by masses can be predicted with similar ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Penning trap mass spectrometry is presented as a complementary tool to nuclear spectroscopy experiments for the study of nuclear structure in the vicinity of N=40, Z=28. High-precision mass measurements of the "6"3"-"6"6Fe and "6"4"-"6"7Co isotopes have been carried out with the Low Energy Beam and Ion Trap (LEBIT) Penning trap mass spectrometer. The newly obtained mass values for "6"6Fe and "6"7Co are presented, together with the previously reported LEBIT mass measurements in this region. In the case of "6"5Fe the existence of a new isomer is reported, and an isomer recently discovered by decay spectroscopy in "6"7Co is confirmed. Relative mass uncertainties as low as 4x10"-"8 are obtained. All mass values are found to be in good agreement with previous experimental results with the exception of "6"4Co, where a 5#sigma# deviation is ...