International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... energy levels intermediate mass nuclei isotopes nuclei odd-even nuclei

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... collective model hamiltonians iridium 187 matrix elements nuclear cores

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear shape changes can bring about rapid changes in nuclear properties. That such vibrational #-># symmetric rotor #-># asymmetric nucleus changes may be present in the A approximately 100 region is suggested by rapid, low-energy level density changes and unexpected #beta#-decay rate changes in several series of odd-odd and odd-mass fisions product nuclei. In order to define the nature of these nuclei we have performed measurements on a series of nuclei using JOSEF and Lohengrin mass separators, fast-chemistry, and n-capture #gamma#-ray techniques. Here we summarize the several features we find.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The #beta# decay half-lives of neutron-rich isotopes with Z=24-28 are calculated in the QRPA with a Gamow-Teller residual interaction. For odd-mass and odd-odd systems QRPA phonon correlations are introduced to quasiparticle transitions in first-order perturbation. The calculated half-lives agree very well with the experimental values. For later application of this model to nuclei far from stability, we have examined the dependence of the calculated half-lives on the model parameters. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yields of light fission products (A = 68, 70-84, 87, 88, 94, 96, 98, 102 and 106-108), their kinetic energies and nuclear charge distributions (A 71-84, 87 and 88) in the thermal neutron induced fission of the odd-Z nucleus {sup 242m}Am(Z = 95) were measured using the mass-separator Lohengrin at the Institute Laue-Langevin in Grenoble (France). The mass yield curve shows a fine structure at A = 70, probably due to shell and/or odd-even effects affecting also the nuclear charge distribution. The analysis of isotopic chain yields gives evidence for a very low excitation energy of the lightest fission fragments observed. A preferential formation of fragments with even Z is found for this odd-Z compound nucleus. Calculated values for the local odd-even effect are comparable with those for the neighbouring even-Z fissile nuclides and increase from 13% to 30% with ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The method of inversion of the eigenvalue problem previously developped for nuclei with axial symmetry is extended to asymmetric equilibrium shapes. This new approach to the asymmetric rotator model is applied to the odd-mass Iridium isotopes. A satisfactory and coherent description of the observed energy spectra is obtained, especially for the lighter isotopes. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fractionation of isotopes of the alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals in ion exchange chromatography of their chlorides was studied. The heavier isotopes of potassium and rubidium were found to be preferentially fractionated into the ion exchanger phase while the lighter isotopes of lithium, magnesium, calcium and strontium were enriched in the exchanger phase. This can be interpreted as a resultant of the relative significance of isotope effect upon dehydration and isotope effect accompanying the phase change of the hydrated metal ion. Found was no evidence of anomalous isotope effect attributable to the odd-even difference in mass number of isotopes. Based on the spectroscopic and solution chemical data (experimental and theoretical), the isotopic reduced partition function ratios of the hydrated alkaline metal ions and stretching force constants of metal ion-hydrating water bonds were estimated. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A numerically feasible method, based on the use of deformed phonons, is developed for the diagonalization of the collective quadrupole Hamiltonian for a system with an odd particle coupled to an anharmonic even core. Examples: the transition from prolate to oblate via #gamma#-unstable shapes and furthermore the hsub(9/2) spectra of the nuclei "1"8"7Ir and "1"9"7Tl. (Auth.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A review of the experimental work performed at the GASP array with the purpose of the identification and first spectroscopic measurements of the heaviest even-even N = Z and odd-A N = Z + 1 nuclei (mass larger than 80) is made. Systematic experiments in this mass region led to the first study of seven such nuclei: "8"8Ru, "8"1Zr, "8"5Mo, "8"9Ru, "9"1Rh, "9"3Pd, and "9"5Ag, and extensive data on many other nuclei in their neighborhood. The systematic evolution of the level structures in both even-even and odd-A nuclei, between N #approx# Z #approx# 40 and N #approx# Z #approx# 47 is briefly presented. The possibility that effects of the neutron-proton pairing have been observed, as well as the type of collectivity observed in this region are discussed. (author)

CERN Document Server

The electroweak radiative correction, which turned out to be marginal within the standard electroweak model having the minimal Higgs sector in view of the present experimental information, fits well the experiment when the Higgs sector is extended to have two Higgs doublets. We predict the range where the charged and CP odd Higgs boson masses would lie, taking the two CP even neutral Higgs boson masses to be degenerate which makes the analysis in multiparameter space feasible. It is shown that the mass of neutral Higgs doublet boson can arbitrarily be large consistently with the $W$ mass, if the charged Higgs boson is present and it's mass lies in some appropriate ranges.

Science.gov (United States)

The systematic behavior of excited nuclear levels was studied with Lu (Z = 71), Ta (Z = 73), and Re (Z = 75) activities produced in the ORNL proton cyclotron. Conversion-electron data are presented for electron-capture decay of Lu/sup 170.174m/, Ta/sup 173-178/, and Re/sup 179.181/. Level schemes are proposed based on these and on previously published up 173.175-179/, tulated. The proper ties of odd-A nuclei in the strongly deformed region of odd-N numbers 95-107 are discussed in connection with predictions of Mottelson and Nilsson. Two activities, Lu/sup 174m/ and Re/sup 179/ ( es sufficiert t 20 min), are previously unreported. (auth)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... isotopes minutes living radioisotopes nuclei odd-odd nuclei particle properties

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The scaling of reproductive parameters to body size is important for understanding ecological and evolutionary patterns. Here, we derived allometric relationships for the number and mass of seeds, eggs...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

In Graph Theory a number of results were devoted to studying the computational complexity of the number modulo 2 of a graph's edge set decompositions of various kinds, first of all including its Hamiltonian decompositions, as well as the number modulo 2 of, say, Hamiltonian cycles/paths etc. While the problems of finding a Hamiltonian decomposition and Hamiltonian cycle are NP-complete, counting these objects modulo 2 in polynomial time is yet possible for certain types of regular undirected graphs. Some of the most known examples are the theorems about the existence of an even number of Hamiltonian decompositions in a 4-regular graph and an even number of such decompositions where two given edges e and g belong to different cycles (Thomason, 1978), as well as an even number of Hamiltonian cycles passing through any given edge in a regular ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present the effects of heavy CP-even (H) and CP-odd (A) Higgs bosons on the production cross section of the process #gamma##gamma##->#tt at the energy around the mass poles of the Higgs bosons. It is found that interference between H and A with small mass gap, as well as the ones between Higgs bosons and continuum, contributes to the cross section, if the photon beams are polarized and if we observe the helicity of the top quarks. It is demonstrated in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model that the H and A contributions can be sizable at future #gamma##gamma# colliders for small values of tan #beta#. The methods to measure the CP-parity of the Higgs boson are also presented. The statistical significance of detecting the Higgs signals and measuring the Higgs CP-parity is evaluated. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

High-spin states in the neutron-rich nuclei {sup 172,173}Yb have been populated in a {sup 170}Er({sup 7}Li,(p,d,t)xn) incomplete-fusion reaction and the emitted {gamma}-radiation was detected with the GASP array. The signature partners of the 7/2{sup +}[633] rotational band of the odd-N {sup 173}Yb isotope have been newly established and were observed up to spin values of (45/2{sup +}) and (43/2{sup +}), respectively. The ground-state band of the even-even nucleus {sup 172}Yb has been observed up to a spin value of (22{sup +}). No band crossings were found in these bands. To explain this observation, it is proposed that the static pair field is absent, considering that the neutron odd-even mass differences reach for these nuclei very small values and that the band crossing is absent in cranked shell modell calculations without pairing. The results indicate, however, that strong dynamic correlations are still present. ...

CERN Document Server

We investigate the equivariant cohomology of the natural torus action on a K-contact manifold and its relation to the topology of the Reeb flow. Using the contact moment map, we show that the equivariant cohomology of this action is Cohen-Macaulay, which is a generalization of equivariant formality for torus actions without fixed points. As a consequence, a generic component of the contact moment map is a perfect Morse-Bott function for the basic cohomology of the orbit foliation F of the Reeb flow. Assuming that the closed Reeb orbits are isolated, we show that the basic cohomology of F is trivial in odd degrees, and its dimension equals the number of closed Reeb orbits. We characterize the K-contact manifolds with minimal number of closed Reeb orbits as real cohomology spheres. We also prove a GKM type theorem for K-contact manifolds, which allows us to calculate the equivariant cohomology algebra of K-contact manifolds ...

Science.gov (United States)

Analytical solutions are derived for a flow in a semi-infinite vertical porous medium with heat and mass transfer. When the temperature and mass concentration are uniform a constant pressure is possible and sustains a fully developed flow. Thereafter there is a small perturbation on the wall temperature and concentration and the subsequent two-dimensional problem is tackled for a large Prandtl number, free convection parameters and small Reynolds number. The heat transfer rate at the wall is discussed quantitatively.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Ukraine) INIS-UA--107 211 p. PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The available nuclear structure information for all nuclei with mass number A=242 is presented. Various decay and reaction data are evaluated. Adopted data, levels, spin and parity assignments are given.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laser spectroscopy measurements have been performed on neutron-deficient and stable Ir isotopes using the COMPLIS experimental setup installed at ISOLDE-CERN. The radioactive Ir atoms were obtained from successive decays of a mass-separated Hg beam deposited onto a carbon substrate after deceleration to 1kV and subsequently laser desorbed. A three-color, two-step resonant scheme was used to selectively ionize the desorbed Ir atoms. The hyperfine structure (HFS) and isotope shift (IS) of the first transition of the ionization path 5d{sup 7}6s{sup 24}F{sub 9/2}{yields}5d{sup 7}6s6p{sup 6}F{sub 11/2} at 351.5nm were measured for {sup 182-189}Ir, {sup 186}Ir{sup m} and the stable {sup 191,193}Ir. The nuclear magnetic moments {mu}{sub I} and the spectroscopic quadrupole moments Q{sub s} were obtained from the HFS spectra and the change of the mean square charge radii from the IS measurements. The sign of {mu}{sub I} was experimentally determined for the first time for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mass distribution in 28.5 MeV alpha particle induced fission of {sup 232}Th has been determined using gamma spectrometric technique. The chain yields of 24 different fission products covering both symmetric and asymmetric mass divisions were determined. The mass distribution was found to be asymmetric with peak positions at mass numbers 96 and 136 respectively while the peak to valley ratio was 3.86. The results are compared with the available literature on 14 MeV neutron induced fission of {sup 235}U. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors measure the dipion mass spectrum in X(3872) {yields} J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} decays using 360 pb{sup -1} of {bar p}p collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector. The spectrum is fit with predictions for odd C-parity ({sup 3}S{sub 1}, {sup 1}P{sub 1}, and {sup 3}D{sub J}) charmonia decaying to J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, as well as event C-parity states in which the pions are from {rho}{sup 0} decay. The latter case also encompasses exotic interpretations, such as a D{sup 0}{bar D}*{sup 0} molecule. Only the {sup 3}S{sub 1} and J/{psi} {rho} hypotheses are compatible with the data. Since {sup 3}S{sub 1} is untenable on other grounds, decay via J/{psi} {rho} is favored, which implies C = +1 for the X(3872). Models for different J/{psi}-{rho} angular momenta L are considered. Flexibility in the models, especially the introduction of {rho}-{omega} interference, enable good descriptions of the data for ...

CERN Document Server

We consider the most general supersymmetric model with minimal particle content and an additional discrete Z_3 symmetry (instead of R-parity), which allows lepton number violating terms and results in non-zero Majorana neutrino masses. We investigate whether the currently measured values for lepton masses and mixing can be reproduced. We set up a framework in which Lagrangian parameters can be initialised without recourse to assumptions concerning trilinear or bilinear superpotential terms, CP-conservation or intergenerational mixing and analyse in detail the one loop corrections to the neutrino masses. We present scenarios in which the experimental data are reproduced and show the effect varying lepton number violating couplings has on the predicted atmospheric and solar mass^2 differences. We find that with bilinear lepton number violating ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Analytical solutions are derived for a flow in a semi-infinite vertical porous medium with heat and mass transfer. When the temperature and mass concentration are uniform a constant pressure is possible and sustains a fully developed flow. Thereafter there is a small perturbation on the wall temperature and concentration and the subsequent two-dimensional problem is tackled for a large Prandtl number, free convection parameters and small Reynolds number. The heat transfer rate at the wall is discussed quantitatively. (author). 4 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The mass asymmetry of fragments from nuclear fission of heavy nuclei is reviewed. While mass asymmetry is a common and well-known phenomenon for low-energy fission of the lighter actinides, more recent experiments have demonstrated that, for the heaviest actinides, the mass distribution switches to a symmetric one. On the other hand, it has been discovered that, though for fissioning nuclei with mass numbers A< or [approx]225 the mass distribution is basically symmetric, an asymmetric component is clearly to be identified for nuclei down to the Pb-region. In the absence of a generally accepted dynamical theory of fission, the above experimental findings are discussed in terms of static energy considerations. Triggered from the outset by the structure of the potential energy surface at the saddlepoint, the energy balance at the scission point between the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... alpha reactions angular distribution energy-level transitions iridium 185 iridium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Properties of unique parity states in odd-proton (/sub 77/Ir, /sub 79/Au) and odd-neutron nuclei (/sub 78/Pt) are investigated in the framework of the interacting boson-fermion approximation model. The core (boson)-particle (fermion) interaction is represented by a quadrupole-quadrupole interaction and an exchange term, which takes into account the effects of the Pauli exclusion principle. The even-even core nucleus is described in terms of the IBA-1 hamiltonian. The change in the properties of the corresponding odd-A nuclei can be interpreted in terms of a transition of the core hamiltonian between the O(6) and SU(3) limiting cases.

Science.gov (United States)

A theory for the mass transfer process was developed. It was assumed that the largest convective motions in the flow control the rate of mass transfer. Measurements of mass transfer coefficients for the absorption of oxygen by water films were made for concurrent flows in a horizontal rectangular channel, and for concurrent and free-falling downflow in a one-inch pipe. The measured values of the Sherwood number for concurrent flows were up to three times as great as would be predicted from this relation. This increase in Sherwood number was correlated with a dimensionless group similar to a Martinelli parameter which is characteristic of two phase flows. An explanation for this effect is given in terms of the way that the scales of the convective motions are related to bulk flow parameters.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this paper, the unsteady MHD free convection heat and mass transfer of viscous fluid flowing through a Darcian porous regime adjacent to a moving vertical semi-infinite plate under Soret and Dufour effect have been examined. Viscous dissipation effects are included in the energy equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied transversely to the direction of the flow. The differential equations governing the problem have been transformed by a similarity transformation into a system of non-dimensional differential equations which are solved numerically by element free Galerkin method. The influence of Grashof number (Gr), magnetic parameter (M), heat absorption parameter (Q), permeability parameter (K), Schmidt number (Sc), Soret number (Sr), and Dufour number (Du) on the velocity, tempera...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled with high field Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) allows for the direct detection of acidic NSO compounds in petroleum. The technique requires no chromatographic separation, is able to distinguish 18 different compound classes (e.g., neutral nitrogen, carboxylic acids and oxygenates), and can identify {approx}14,000 distinct masses by ultra-high mass resolution and mass accuracy. We previously studied three crude oils from different geological origins [Organic Geochemistry 33 (2002b) 743-759]. Here, we expand our research by comparing two source-equivalent Smackover oils of different levels of thermal maturity. We observe clear differences in the distribution of NSO compound classes, types (number of rings plus double bonds within a class), and number of alkyl carbons. With ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Detailed level and decay schemes and the experimental reaction and decay data on which they are based are presented for nuclei with mass number A = 242; the experimental data are evaluated. Adopted values for level and #gamma#-ray energies, #gamma#-intensities, as well as other nuclear properties are given.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The difficulty and unstability of the parameter estimation of mass action model for radioimmunoassay are the major obstacles to its application in routine work. A unique robust curve fitting method for the mass action model was introduced. large numbers of simulated data were generated with Monte Carlo method to compare the accuracy and robustness of the robust fitting and the least squre fitting (Marquardt method) of the mass action model. The results demonstrated that the new robusst method significantly increased the accuracy and reliability of data processing with the mass action model. It also markedly reduced the influence of outliers in the fitting of RIA data, and it was always 'convergent'. This robust method could also be applied to other mathematical models which can be transformed into high degree equations and no initial estimates are needed for curve fitting.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mass transfer to a wall of a horizontal rectangular channel reactor was investigated by the limiting current technique for Reynolds numbers ranging from 200 to 32000. Overall mass transfer coefficients at various mass transfer surface angles were obtained while the reactor was operated under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Dimensionless correlations were developed for isothermal flows from 25 to 55{sup o}C and for non-isothermal flows with applied temperature differences up to 30{sup o}C. In the laminar flow range natural convection dominated, but under turbulent conditions combined natural and forced convection prevailed. Mass transfer was approximately doubled under optimum selection of channel surface rotation, temperature gradient and flow rate. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A magnetic tape consisting of oil-shale Fischer assay data for selected well cores in the Piceance Creek Basin was prepared as a supplement to NTIS tape PB-230 607/AS. Both tapes serve as a data base for calculating oil-shale resources (Pitman, 1981). The tape is in standard IBM format and has the following specifications: EBCDIC (IBM standard), card-image, blocksize 1720 (blocked 20 to 1), record length 86, odd parity, 1,600 bpi, 9-track, no label tape. Each data file on the tape consists of records containing oil-shale analyses for one well core. The first record in a data file consists of a well-core identifier which is a three-digit number preceded by the character 'C'. The second record contains the well name and location, and the remaining records contain Fischer assay data.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mass distributions of fragments in the low-energy fission of nuclei from "1"8"7Ir to "2"1"3At have been analysed. This analysis has shown that shell effects in symmetric-mode fragment mass yields from the fission of pre-actinide nuclei could be described if one assumes the existence of two strongly deformed neutron shells in the arising fragments with neutron numbers N_1#approx#52 and N_2#approx#68. A new method has been proposed for quantitatively describing the mass distributions of the symmetric fission mode for pre-actinides with A#approx#180-220. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An Effect of pinhole(perforation or pit penetration) that might be formed outside the package on the nuclide leaching from paraffin waste form was investigated. In case of single pinhole, the leached mass and cumulative fraction leached (CFL) increased with the larger diameter of pinhole, but they were not in direct proportion to the size or area of pinhole. If the total area of multiple pinholes was fixed, the leached mass showed a tendency to increase as each size was smaller and the number was more. It was also found that the leached mass was not in direct proportion to the number of pinhole in case of constant size. In order to analyze the test results, the shrinking core model(SCM) was derived from the diffusion-controlled dissolution reaction and compared with previous diffusion model.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A large area Bragg curve spectroscopy (BCS) detector and a position sensitive parallel grid avalanche counter have been developed to study heavy ion reactions, such as inelastic excitations and few nucleon transfer reactions near the Coulomb barrier. Reasonably good resolutions have been achieved for energy, atomic number and angle. A theoretical investigation on the mass dependence of the Bragg peak signal from the BCS detector, shows that there is a negligible mass dependence related to the geometry of the detector. The mass number of the heavy ions which cannot be obtained by the above method, has been identified by detecting the corresponding characteristic gamma rays from the product nuclei with two large solid angle gamma ray detectors. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neutron deficient nuclei with mass numbers A {approx} 90 and 40 {<=} Z {<=} 44 have been studied making use of the Osiris and Nordball spectrometers. The high spin states of these nuclei and their electromagnetic decay properties are compared to shell model calculations based on the core {sup 88}Sr and using different parametrizations of the residual interaction. The dependence of the mean square deviations of experimental and theoretical level energies, branching ratios, and transition probabilities on the neutron numbers N = 46-50 and the validity of seniority as a good quantum number are discussed. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The effect of transverse magnetic field parameter (Hartmann number, Ha) Reynolds number (Re) and Prandtl number (Pr) on the mixed convection flow past a semi-infinite vertical porous plate in a non-Darcian porous medium with variable viscosity and porosity, viscous dissipation and fluid-solid thermal conductivity ratio in the presence of plate transpiration (lateral mass flux) is investigated theoretically and numerically using Keller`s implicit finite difference scheme. It is shown that the Harmann number acts as a retarding force and increases the momentum boundary layer thickness, analogous to the flow against a positive pressure gradient, simultaneously decreasing local skin friction (shear stress). The heat transfer rate is however enhanced by the magnetic field (for positive values of the Eckert number) since the fluid is heated and temperature gradients ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Bragg-curve detector of the parallel plate ionization chamber type generates a signal that is a distorted replica of the original Bragg-curve. In result of this distortion, the signal peak height is not only a function of the atomic number of the heavy ion, as it is often stated, but also of the particle mass. This mass effect was studied with the aid of computer simulation, and it was found to be dependent on the Frisch grid to anode gap width and on the detector gas. The charge resolution of the detector is affected very significantly by this mass dependence of the signal peak height. Therefore, a careful selection of the detector gas and the grid to anode gap width is necessary, if good charge resolution over a wide range of heavy ions is required. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

There are various interesting semantics' (extensions) designed for argumentation frameworks. They enable to assign a meaning, e.g., to odd-length cycles. Our main motivation is to transfer semantics' proposed by Baroni, Giacomin and Guida for argumetation frameworks with odd-length cycles to logic programs with odd-length cycles through default negation. The developed construction is even stronger. For a given logic program an argumentation framework is defined. The construction enables to transfer each semantics of the resulting argumentation framework to a semantics of the given logic program. Weak points of the construction are discussed and some future continuations of this approach are outlined.

CERN Document Server

Neutrino masses in the MSSM

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... 171 lutetium 173 magnetic dipole moments nilsson-mottelson model nuclear

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Doubly decoupled structures in doubly odd deformed nuclei are reexamined and shown to be composed of a pseudo-spin aligned neutron and a decoupled proton. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

45{number_sign} steel, which has good mechanical strength and is relatively cheap, is a common constituent in industrial components, such as precision gears, piston columns of oil pumps, and so on. However, since the working environment of these industrial parts is sometimes quite harsh and unforgiving, they are vulnerable to wear and corrosion. Replacing 45{number_sign} steel with stainless or alloy steel increases the cost significant, and a better alternative is to improve its surface properties and lifetime using plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII). The authors have devised a variety of treatment processes using PIII, including radio-frequency (RF) plasma nitriding, RF plasma nitriding and nitrogen PIII, Ti deposition in conjunction with nitrogen PIII (IBED), as well as Cr deposition followed by nitrogen PIII (IBED). To assess the efficacy of the processes, the microhardness and mass loss due to wear were measured ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Evaluated spectroscopic data for all nuclei with mass number A = 177 and corresponding level schemes from radioactive decay and reaction studies are presented. Most of the new information since the previous evaluation of this mass chain consists of the decay of the recently discovered isotope "1"7"7Tm, and the level structure of "1"7"7Ir, "1"7"7Os, and "1"7"7Pt. The present evaluation supersedes the earlier one by Y. A. Ellis and B. Harmatz (75E107) published in Nuclear Data Sheets 16, 135 (1975).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heat transfer augmentation has developed into a major specialty area in heat transfer research and development. A bibliography of world literature on augmentation is presented. The literature is classified into passive augmentation techniques, which require no external power, and active techniques, which do require external power. The fourteen techniques are grouped in terms of their application to the various modes of heat transfer. Mass transfer is included for completeness. Key words are included with each citation for technique/mode identification. The total number of publications cited is 1,967, including 75 surveys of various techniques and 42 papers on performance evaluation of passive techniques. Patents are not included as they will be the subject of a future topical report.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The energy, angular momentum, and distance (measured from the center of mass of the nucleus) distributions of the effective number of 6q-fluctons are investigated and it is shown that many of the characteristics of these distributions are universal, i.e., independent of the flucton size. ''Saturation'' of the flucton density in nuclei with mass A approx > 80 and certain other features that determine the difference between the behaviors of the effective numbers of fluctons and deuterons are reported. This is used to explain the well known underestimation (by a factor of 1.5--6) of the cross section for the hard inclusive (p, p'd) process on nuclei calculated in the quasielastic formalism. See S. G. Kadmenskii and V. I. Furman, Alpha decay and elated nuclear reactions (in Russian), Energoatomizdat, Moscow, 1985.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The interpretation of soil amelioration experiments with peanuts is made difficult by the unpredictibility of the crop and by the many factors altered when ameliorating acid soils. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of lime and gypsum applications on peanut kernel yield via the three first order yield components, pods per ha, kernels per pod, and kernel mass. On an acid medium sandy loam soil (typic Plinthustult), liming resulted in a highly significant kernel yield increase of 117% whereas gypsum applications were of no significant benefit. As indicated by path coefficient analysis, an increase in the number of pods per ha was markedly more important in increasing yield than an increase in either the number of kernels per pod or kernel mass. Furthermore, exch. Al was found to be particularly detrimental to pod number. It was postulated that poor peanut ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The onset of double-diffusive convection in a couple-stress fluid-saturated horizontal porous layer is studied using linear and weak nonlinear stability analyses. The modified Darcy equation that includes the time derivative term and the inertia term is used to model the momentum equation. The expressions for stationary, oscillatory and finite-amplitude Rayleigh number are obtained as a function of the governing parameters. The effect of couple-stress parameter, solute Rayleigh number, Vadasz number and diffusivity ratio on stationary, oscillatory and finite-amplitude convection is shown graphically. It is found that the couple-stress parameter and the solute Rayleigh number have a stabilizing effect on stationary, oscillatory and finite-amplitude convection. The diffusivity ratio has a destabilizing effect in the case of stationary and finite-amplitude modes, with a dual effect in the case of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mass distributions of fragments in the low-energy fission of nuclei from {sup 187}Ir to {sup 213}At have been analysed. This analysis has shown that shell effects in symmetric-mode fragment mass yields from the fission of pre-actinide nuclei could be described if one assumes the existence of two strongly deformed neutron shells in the arising fragments with neutron numbers N{sub 1}{approx}52 and N{sub 2}{approx}68. A new method has been proposed for quantitatively describing the mass distributions of the symmetric fission mode for pre-actinides with A{approx}180-220. (orig.) 28 refs.

CERN Document Server

An estimate for the number of ionizing photons per baryon as a function of redshift is computed based on the plausible extrapolation of the observed galaxy UV luminosity function and the latest results on the properties of the escape fraction of ionizing radiation. It is found that, if the escape fraction for low mass galaxies (Mtot<10^{11}Msun) is assumed to be negligibly small, as indicated by numerical simulations, then there are not enough ionizing photons to reionize the universe by z=6 for the cosmology favored by the WMAP 3rd year results, while the WMAP 1st year cosmology is marginally consistent with the reionization requirement. The escape fraction as a function of galaxy mass would have to be constant to within a factor of two for the whole mass range of galaxies for reionization to be possible within the WMAP 3rd year cosmology.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

#pi#"#+-# and K"#+-# cumulative production in pA #-># #pi#"#+-#+x and pA #-># K"#+-#+x reactions at 10.14 GeV proton beam energy on nuclei (Be-Ta) was invesigated. Measurements were conducted using FAS-1 focusing hadron spectrometer. Invariant cross sections of #pi#"#+-# and K"#+-# cumulative production, values of ratio of this cross sections, dependences of production cross sections for pions and kaons on cumulative number and mass number of nucleus target, as well as on transverse momentum are measured. Difference of cumulative meson spectra occurring in different nuclei fragmentation is discussed in terms of flucton model. 17 refs.; 14 figs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The present contribution deals with the thermophoresis particle deposition and thermal radiation effects on the flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics in a viscous fluid over a semi-infinite vertical porous plate. The governing boundary layer equations are written into a dimensionless form by similarity transformations. The transformed coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by means of the fourth-order Runge?Kutta method with a shooting technique. The effects of different parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are shown graphically. In addition, results for the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, and the local Sherwood number are tabulated and discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The distributions of the effective numbers of 6q-fluctons in the energy, momentum and distance to the center of mass of nucleus are studied. Many characteristics of these distributions are shown to be universal, i.e. independent of the flucton size. The saturation of the flucton density in A > 80 nuclei and other peculiarities are found, which define different behavior of the effective numbers of fluctons and deuterons. This fact provides an explanation of the known underestimate by a factor of 1.5-6 of the cross sections of hard inclusive (p, p'd) process on nuclei calculated in the quasi-elastic approximation.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The coolant activity analysis to obtain the information about the fuel failure has been studied long before. And several codes have been developed to estimate the number of fuel failures through evaluating volatile and inert fission products release in coolant from the defective fuel. These codes use a fission product diffusion model coupled with a mass balance in the gap and coolant. But each code has a different model to assess fuel failure. In order to develop the model to estimate the number of fuel failures we analysis well-known code's models such as CHIRON, CADE, IODYNE, and CAAP and compare accuracy through Korean PWR activity data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Evaluated spectroscopic data for all nuclei with mass number A = 216 are presented together with the relevant level schemes from radioactive decay and nuclear reaction studies. The experimental data are evaluated, inconsistencies and discrepancies are noted, and adopted values for level and #gamma#-ray energies, #gamma# intensities, as well as for other nuclear properties are given. The present evaluation supersedes the earlier one on A = 216 by A. Artna-Cohen (1997Ar04), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 80, 157 (1997).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We discuss the calculation of two-point three-loop functions with an arbitrary number of massive propagators and one large external momentum. The relevant subdiagrams are generated automatically. The resulting massless two-point integrals and massive tadpoles are transformed on-line to FORM-expressions ready to be used by existing FORM packages which calculate them analytically. As an example we compute the quartic mass corrections to the photon polarization function. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using Gammasphere data on prompt gamma rays from spontaneous fission of 252Cf, we propose energy-level schemes for 110,111,112, & 113Rh (Z=45). The fission-gamma data complement earlier studies of others on beta decay of fission products in that prompt fission gammas mainly populate yrast or near-yrast levels, while beta decay populates lower-spin levels. For the odd-A rhodium nuclei studied here, their ground bands and collective sidebands are compared with model calculations using triaxial-shaped nucleus with one odd quasi-proton. The energies and E2 transition rates are best fit by a shape slightly to the prolate side of maximum triaxiality, namely, gamma = 28 deg. The model calculations also show a K=1/2+ band with energies not in good agreement with a corresponding experimental band. The experimental 1/2+ band is regarded as an intruder band from a prolate-driving proton orbital 1/2[431] above the Z=50 closed shell. This intruder band, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclei in the mass-180 region have many high-#OMEGA# single-particle levels close to the Fermi energy and are, therefore, prime candidates for high-K isomers. Since both neutron and proton level densities are rather low, one should expect blocking and particle-number fluctuations to be rather important. We have performed good-particle-number calculations and have shown that the simpler blocked BCS theory gives a good approximation to the multi-quasiparticle spectra if the pairing strength is chosen appropriately. This has allowed us to perform a systematic theoretical study of this mass region. Residual spin-spin interactions are shown to be essential in reproducing the energies and even the correct order of known states. Good agreement has been found for "1"7"5Hf, "1"7"6Hf and "1"7"7Ta, where extensive data already exist. Predictions for new high-K states near the yrast line are made for these nuclei ...

CERN Document Server

We calculate the quarkonium dissociation rate in the P and CP-odd domains (bubbles) that were possibly created in heavy-ion collisions. In the presence of the magnetic field produced by the valence quarks of colliding ions, parity-odd domains generate electric field. Quarkonium dissociation is the result of quantum tunneling of quark or antiquark through the potential barrier in this electric field. The strength of the electric field in the quarkonium comoving frame depends on the quarkonium velocity with respect to the background magnetic field. We investigate momentum, electric field strength and azimuthal dependence of the dissociation rate. Azimuthal distribution of quarkonia surviving in the electromagnetic field is strongly anisotropic; the form of anisotropy depends on the relation between the electric and magnetic fields and quarkonium momentum. These features can be used to explore the properties of the electromagnetic field created in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The main features and advantages of a new low energy nuclear spectroscopic method, the in-beam spectroscopy are described. Results of in-beam spectroscopic experiments performed at the Institute of Nuclear Research (ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary) are summarized. Gamma spectra of in-beam produced odd-odd nuclei were measured, gamma-energies were determined. Measurement of gamma-gamma coincidences led to the construction of energy level schemes of the investigated nuclei. Internal conversion electron spectroscopy was used to determine the multipolarities of transitions. A few spectra and level schemes are presented to illustrate the review. Theoretical interpretation of experimental results are briefly summarized. (D.Gy.).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This article presents numerical study of 3-D thermosolutale mixed convection (TSMC) in horizontal rectangular channels. The contribution of this work is to characterize the travelling wave's appearance and to generalize the behavior of Poiseuille-Rayleigh-Benard (PRB) systems for a broad range of dimensionless parameters, which control the double diffusive mixed convection. The numerical results consist of analyzing the flow regimes of the steady longitudinal thermoconvectives rolls for the case of purely thermal mixed convection (TMC) and for both thermal and mass transfer (TSMC). The transition from opposed volume forces to cooperating ones at fixed Rayleigh (Ra), Reynolds (Re), and Lewis (Le) numbers, considerably affects the birth and the development of the longitudinal rolls (noted R/...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The evolution of intermediate and high mass stars is reviewed focusing on the interpretation of Pop I Cepheids. First, a summary is given of the classical results of stellar evolution theory for the main evolutionary phases (main sequence and core He-burning) all over the HR diagram, putting into evidence the various points of disagreement with current observational data. Second, models incorporating the effect of convective overshoot, are reviewed, and studies are presented on the rich, young clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud, in which the models are compared with the observational data. Arguments are given to favor the adoption of models with convective overshoot instead of the classical ones. Third, new results are presented for pulsational models of the Cepheid stars, and the shape of the instability strip in the HR diagram, the number frequency-period distribution, and the mass discrepancy are discussed. 81 refs.

CERN Document Server

The seesaw-extended MSSM provides a framework in which the observed light neutrino masses and mixing angles can be generated in the context of a natural theory for the TeV-scale. Sneutrino-mixing phenomena provides valuable tools for connecting the physics of neutrinos and supersymmetry. We examine the theoretical structure of the seesaw-extended MSSM, retaining the full complexity of three generations of neutrinos and sneutrinos. In this general framework, new flavor-changing and CP-violating sneutrino processes are allowed, and are parameterized in terms of two $3\\times 3$ matrices that respectively preserve and violate lepton number. The elements of these matrices can be bounded by analyzing the rate for rare flavor-changing decays of charged leptons and the one-loop contribution to neutrino masses. In the former case, new contributions arise in the seesaw extended model which are not present in the ordinary MSSM. In ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is suggested that the model of a neutrino ball described in terms of the standard model extended by adding right-handed neutrinos and the Majorana scalar field can be presented in order to explain a body of weak interacting neutrinos. Neutrino interaction with the scalar Majorana field violates the lepton number and produces the mass splitting of neutrino due to the sea-saw mechanism. In this model a neutrino ball is an object which appears as a result of a first order cosmological phase transition. It can be regarded as a ball filled with Dirac neutrinos and can be treated as a remnant of the phase transition with unbroken global lepton symmetry. In this paper we study the macroscopic parameters of such a configuration. In the result the mass-radius curve M(R) for this object is obtained. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Radiotherapy treatment planning (RTP) relies heavily on medical imaging. Until recently, the most important planning tool was the treatment simulator. The kilovoltage radiographic capabilities in a treatment simulator enabled the boundaries of treatment fields to be visualized with respect to bony anatomic landmarks. Perhaps the most important advance in treatment planning in recent years is the ability to visualize the passage of the beams with respect to a more accurate geometrical representation of the tumor and other soft tissue structures. This 'virtual simulation' uses a computer-based representation of a patient to determine the extent of the disease and the location of radiation sensitive normal tissue. Computer tomographic (CT) imaging produces a high-resolution three-dimensional representation of anatomy that can be correlated with other image sets such as magnetic resonance images (MRI) of function. Positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging is beginning to be ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Description of problem or function: Format: EXREM III; Nuclides: radioactive decay data on 252 Nuclides: 1H-3, 4Be-7, 6C-11, 6C-14, 7N-13, 8O-15, 9F-18, 11Na-22, 11Na-24, 12Mg-28, 13Al-28, 15P-32, 15P-33, 16S-35, 17Cl-36, 17Cl-38, 18A-37, 18A-39, 19K-40, 19K-42, 19K-43, 20Ca-45, 20Ca-47, 20Ca-49, 21Sc-46, 21Sc-47, 21Sc-49, 24Cr-51, 25Mn-52M, 25Mn-52, 25Mn-54, 26Fe-52, 26Fe-55, 26Fe-59, 27Co-56, 27Co-57, 27Co-58, 27Co-60, 28Ni-56, 28Ni-63, 29Cu-64, 30Zn-65, 30Zn-69M, 30Zn-69, 31Ga-67, 31Ga-68, 32Ge-77, 33As-76, 33As-77, 34Se-75, 35Br-80M, 35Br-80, 35Br-82, 35Br-83, 35Br-84, 36Kr-79, 36Kr-83M, 36Kr-85M, 36Kr-85, 36Kr-87, 36Kr-88, 37Rb-84, 37Rb-86, 37Rb-87, 37Rb-88, 37Rb-89, 37Rb-90M, 37Rb-90, 38Sr-85, 38Sr-87M, 38Sr-89, 38Sr-90, 38Sr-91, 38Sr-92, 38Sr-93, 39Y-87, 39Y-88, 39Y-90, 39Y-91M, 39Y-91, 39Y-92, 39Y-93, 40Zr-93, 41Nb-93M, 40Zr-95, 40Zr-97, 41Nb-95M, 41Nb-95, 41Nb-97M, 41Nb-97, 42Mo-99, 43Tc-99M, 43Tc-99, 44Ru-103, 44Ru-105, 44Ru-106, 45Rh-103M, 45Rh-105M, 45Rh-105, 45Rh-106, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In less than a decade computed tomography (CT scanning) had a profound impact on diagnostic radiology. Radiology of the orbit is no exception. As early as 1973, reports published in the radiological literature indicated that this new noninvasive imaging method was a highly effective way of demonstrating intraorbital mass lesions. As CT scanners became widely available, computed tomography became a significant adjunct to ophthalmological diagnosis. Today the main indications for CT scanning of the orbit are: (1) suspected mass lesions, most frequently presenting as exophthalmos, (2) orbital trauma, including foreign bodies, (3) some congenital anomalies, and (4) suspicion of extension into the orbit of extraorbital disease processes. Along with ultrasonography, another new noninvasive imaging technique, CT has replaced a number of more invasive and often less effective diagnostic methods, such as orbital pneumography, ...

CERN Document Server

We describe dimensionally constrained symbolic regression which has been developed for mass measurement in certain classes of events in high-energy physics (HEP). With symbolic regression, we can derive equations that are well known in HEP. However, in problems with large number of variables, we find that by constraining the terms allowed in the symbolic regression, convergence behavior is improved. Dimensionally constrained symbolic regression (DCSR) finds solutions with much better fitness than is normally possible with symbolic regression. In some cases, novel solutions are found.

CERN Document Server

If quantum fields exist in extra compact dimensions, they will give rise to a quantum vacuum or Casimir energy. That vacuum energy will manifest itself as a cosmological constant. The fact that supernova and cosmic microwave background data indicate that the cosmological constant is of the same order as the critical mass density to close the universe supplies a lower bound on the size of the extra dimensions. Recent laboratory constraints on deviations from Newton's law place an upper limit. The allowed region is so small as to suggest that either extra compact dimensions do not exist, or their number is about to be tightly constrained by experimental data.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This work concerns the study of the nuclear superdeformation phenomenon in the rare earth region (A {approx} 150). The superdeformed (SD) states in Gadolinium and Dysprosium isotopes were produced via heavy-ion induced reactions and studied with the (EUROGAM EUROpean GAmma-ray Microscope) gamma multidetector array. Precise level attenuation method (DSAM). From the derived quadrupole moments, we find large differences in deformation between the yrast bands in neighbour nuclei explained in terms of the case of nuclei corresponding to an axis ratio of 2:1, the shell gaps are not fixed at a specific particle number and deformation. Furthermore the present results indicate that the deformations associated with identical bands are different supporting the picture that mass and deformation changes tend to compensate in SB bands with the same moments of inertia. (author). 114 refs.

Science.gov (United States)

An exposure chamber is described for the quantifiable addition of fine and ultrafine aerosol particulate matter directly to cells and used to demonstrate the in vitro cytotoxicity of fine 1,4-naphthoquinone particles to murine lung epithelial cells. The electrostatic particulate dosage and exposure system (EPDExS) operates on the principle of electrostatic precipitation and is shown to deposit fine and ultrafine aerosol particles directly to cells with 100% efficiency for particle diameters in the range of 40-530nm. This range is not limited by the EPDExS, but rather by the aerosolization method used for this study. Numbers of particles deposited onto the cells are counted with a condensation particle counter, negating any need to calculate or estimate particle exposure. The process of particle introduction, assessed using Trypan blue dye exclusion, had no effect on cell viability. In combination with a differential mobility classifier, the EPDExS can deliver ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Schroedinger equation for nuclear quadruple surface vibrations is linearized with the consequence that a new spin degree of freedom appears in the wave function of the linearized equation. This spin is called collective spin and has a value of 3/2. The linearized Schroedinger equation for quadrupole vibrations is used for the description of certain collective aspects of even-odd {sup 187,189,191}Ir nuclei which have a spin 3/2 in their ground state. As a potential we use the {gamma}-soft collective potential of the neighboring even-even nuclei, which is inserted into the linearized Schroedinger equation via a scalar coupling. This leads to a collective spin-dependent fine structure splitting of the energy levels governed by a collective SO(5) spin-orbit coupling and a correction to the kinetic energy. Further, we consider explicitly spin-dependent potentials which effectively describe the interaction of the valence nucleon with the core of the ...

CERN Document Server

We discuss three possible ways to address quantum physics behind chiral magnetic effect and electric charge fluctuation patterns in heavy ion collisions. The first one makes use of P-parity violation probed by local order parameters, the second considers CME in quantum measurement theory framework and the third way is to study P-odd * P-odd contributions to P-even observables. In the latter approach relevant form-factor is extracted and computed for weak magnetic field in confinement region and for free quarks in strong field regime. It is shown that the effect is negligible in the former case. We also discuss saturation effect - charge fluctuation asymmetry for free fermions reaches constant value at asymptotically large fields.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The linearized collective Schroedinger equation for nuclear quadrupole surface vibrations incorporates a new spin degree of freeedom with a spin value of 3/2. We use this equation to describe the low energy spectrum of certain even-odd Ir nuclei which have a spin 3/2 in their ground state. For that purpose we explicitly introduce collective spin-dependent potentials which simulate the interaction of the valence nucleon with the core. The linearized Schroedinger equation is transformed into an effective Schroedinger equation with collective spin-dependent potentials. Already collective spin-orbit couplings of SO(3) and SO(5) type are sufficient to reproduce the lowest excited states of even-odd Ir nuclei. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

In undirected graphical models, learning the graph structure and learning the functions that relate the predictive variables (features) to the responses given the structure are two topics that have been widely investigated in machine learning and statistics. Learning graphical models in two stages will have problems because graph structure may change after considering the features. The main contribution of this paper is the proposed method that learns the graph structure and functions on the graph at the same time. General graphical models with binary outcomes conditioned on predictive variables are proved to be equivalent to multivariate Bernoulli model. The reparameterization of the potential functions in graphical model by conditional log odds ratios in multivariate Bernoulli model offers advantage in the representation of the conditional independence structure in the model. Additionally, we impose a structure penalty on groups of conditional log ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In recent years, the method for unitarizing nonunitary Dyson boson realizations of shell-model algebras has been both generalized and substantially simplified through the introduction of overtly group-theoretical methods. In this paper, these methods are applied to the boson-odd-particle realization of the algebra SO(2#nu#+1) for #nu# single-particle levels, adapted to the group chain SO(2#nu#+1) contains SO(2#nu#) contains U(#nu#), which Marshalek first derived by brute force summation of a Taylor expansion and later Okubo by a largely algebraic technique. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The diminishing clean oil reserve is driving the search for new or improved ways to reduce the level of NSO-containing species found in high abundance in heavy crude oils. Hydrotreatment is the currently preferred technique to remove those polar species. Unfortunately, nitrogen-containing compounds cause coke formation on the surface of the hydrotreatment catalyst, leading to partial or complete deactivation. Here, positive- and negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) identify those nitrogen compounds that resist hydrotreatment. ESI preferentially ionizes polar (e.g., heteroatom-containing) species: basic molecules are detected as positive ions and acidic/neutral molecules as negative ions. FT-ICR MS resolves thousands of species in a single mass spectrum, allowing for unambiguous determination of elemental composition, C{sub c}H{sub h}N{sub n}O{sub o}S{sub s}, for ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A number of systems which can elucidate physics beyond the standard model are investigated. The production of axions by a network of cosmic strings in the early universe is calculated. This allows an upper bound to be placed on the axion decay constant, and provides the preferred Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking scale for axions to make up the dark matter of the universe. Models of neutrino mass arising from strong interactions are investigated. These models possess a massless up quark, thereby solving the strong CP problem. A systematic analysis of the contributions to time reversal violating atomic and molecular electric dipole moments is presented. Specific contributions from the supersymmetric standard model are calculated. The contributions arising from the QCD vacuum angle are also discussed. Prospects for detecting the axion by its long range coherent force are related to measurable electron dipole moments. A method for measuring neutrino ...

CERN Document Server

We report the observation of two narrow structures at 10610MeV/c^2 and 10650MeV/c^2 in the pi^{\\pm}Upsilon(nS) (n=1,2,3) and pi^{\\pm}h_b(mP) (m=1,2) mass spectra that are produced in association with a single charged pion in Upsilon(5S) decays. The measured masses and widths of the two structures averaged over the five final states are M_1=10608.4\\pm2.0MeV/c^2, Gamma_1=15.6\\pm2.5MeV and M_2=10653.2\\pm1.5MeV/c^2, Gamma_2=14.4\\pm3.2MeV. Analysis favors quantum numbers of I^G(J^P)=1^+(1^+) for both states. The results are obtained with a 121.4fb^{-1} data sample collected with the Belle detector near the Upsilon(5S) resonance, at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider.

CERN Document Server

We investigate monoenergetic gamma-ray signatures of Z^1 dark matter annihilations in a non-minimal Universal Extra Dimensions model. The self-interactions of the non-Abelian Z^1 gauge boson give rise to a large number of contributing Feynman diagrams that do not exist for annihilations of the Abelian gauge boson B^1, which is the standard Kaluza-Klein dark matter candidate. We find that the annihilation rate is indeed considerably larger for the Z^1 than for the B^1. Even though relic density calculations indicate that the mass of the Z^1 should be larger than the mass of the B^1, the predicted fluxes are of the same order of magnitude. We compare our results to existing experimental limits, as well as to future sensitivities, for image air Cherenkov telescopes, and we find that the limits are reached already with a moderately large boost factor. However, the realistic prospects for detection depend on the energy ...

CERN Document Server

Non-axisymmetric forces are presented for 107 spiral galaxies using the 2 Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) images. We apply both Cartesian integration and a polar grid integration utilizing a limited number of azimuthal Fourier components of density. We found that bar strength is independent of the method used to evaluate the gravitational potential. However, the polar method is more suitable for weak and noisy images. Bar strength was found to be sensitive to the Hubble-type dependent scale height of the disk, which has been ignored in the previous studies. On the other hand, the method is rather insensitive to the vertical model of the disk, as long as a same vertical dispersion is assumed, or to the boxy/peanut shaped structure, studied in terms of non-constant vertical scale height along the disk. In the near-IR most galaxies in our sample show non-axisymmetric forces in some level, and 40 percent of them have bars in a sense that they have ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Critics of higher fuel economy standards for vehicles have long argued that improving vehicle fuel economy will require reducing vehicle weight, and that would result in an increase in the number of fatalities from vehicle crashes. Several researchers have estimated that an across-the-board reduction of vehicle weight would reduce passenger safety (Evans 1991; Kahane 1997; U.S. GAO 1994). However, little research has been done on the relationship of vehicle size and fatality rates, independent of weight (see, however, Joksch, Massie, and Pichler 1998). In this report we review previous analyses of the relationship of vehicle weight and safety. We do this to study the opportunities to improve fuel economy in a more sophisticated way than across-the-board mass reduction. The aim is to explore improvements in traffic safety by making selected vehicle groups lighter, and retaining or enlarging selected vehicle dimensions. Unfortunately, the effects ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... lutetium isotopes nuclei odd-even nuclei radioisotopes rhenium isotopes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The essential difference as well as the apparent identity between the triaxial-rotor model and the gamma-vibrational model have been discussed. From the gamma decay mode, the [19/2"-]_1 states of the j = 11/2"- family in "1"8"7Ir and "1"8"9Ir have been identified as the K = j + 4 states, the presence of which contradicts the particle plus triaxial-rotor model. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The energy and intensity of gamma rays as seen in thermal neutron capture are presented. Only those (n,..cap alpha..), E = thermal, reactions for which the residual nucleus mass number is greater than or equal to 45 are included. These correspond to evaluations published in Nuclear Data Sheets. The publication source data are contained in the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF). The data presented here do not involve any additional evaluation. Appendix I lists all the residual nuclides for which the data are included here. Appendix II gives a cumulated index to A-chain evaluations including the year of publication. The capture gamma ray data are given in two tables - the Table 1 is the list of all gamma rays seen in (n,..gamma..) reaction given in the order of increasing energy; the Table II lists the gamma rays according to the nuclide.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We perform an analysis of the production of elements with mass number A {ge} 12 in a standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis scenario. The goal is to provide a more accurate estimate of the very low and yet poorly explored abundance of such elements, relevant for the pristine Population III stars. We examine the synthesis channels for these elements in a critically revised and updated version of the Wagoner-Kawano code, as well as in a further enlarged version including four additional nuclides and a significantly extended nuclear network. Our results show no major discrepancies with the ones obtained using a smaller nuclear network. The robustness of the standard predictions--the early generation of star developed in a metal-free environment--is confirmed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The analysis of elastic and inelastic scattering of #alpha# particles with energy of 50 MeV by nuclei with mass numbers A=54-124 and of "3He particles by the nucleus "6"4Ni is given in the framework of the optical model. The parameters of multipole deformations for lower states are determined. The parameters for quadrupole and octupole deformations of the potential for the nucleus "1"1"2Sn are extracted, the values of the hexadecupole deformation #beta#_4 of the potential for nuclei "9"4Zr, "1"2"0","1"2"4Sn are found. Information is extracted on the ratio of deformation parameters for the neutron and proton components in lower collective states (2_1"+, 3_1"-) of nuclei with A=90-124.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The production of pairs of doubly charged vector bileptons is studied at future #gamma##gamma# colliders. The unpolarized cross section for the #gamma##gamma##->#Y"-"-Y"+"+ subprocess is analytically calculated and convoluted to predict the number of events in the complete e"+e"-#->##gamma##gamma##->#Y"-"-Y"+"+ process. The gauge or nongauge character of the vector bilepton Y"#+-#"#+-# is discussed. It is found that, as a consequence of its spectacular signature, as it decays dominantly into two identical charged leptons, and also due to its charge contents, which significantly enhance the cross section, the detection of this class of particles with mass in the sub-TeV region can be at the reach of these colliders. The model-independent nature of our results is stressed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear astrophysics seeks for a possible explanation of the observed abundance distribution of various elements and their isotopes in the universe. Most of the relevant nuclear reactions take place in thermally equilibrium environments with bare nuclei, rather than accelerated and head-on colliding situations with low ionisation states of reactant atoms and molecules that are emulated in the laboratories. Moreover, the temperature of the astrophysical environments is quite often low compared to the centre-of-mass energy of the projectile nuclides, that is required for the reaction to be meaningfully investigated in the laboratory. Therefore, an extrapolation of the data on the reaction cross sections to very low energies and to extremely high density situations is generally called for, which are substantially altered every now and then for a number of astrophysically important reactions. The radioactive ion beams will provide us important data ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The research project had the aim to develop a standard for measuring individual, inner stresses from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at work. The employed method was by characterizing PAHs and metabolites of PAHs to be identified in urine with a view to developing a biological monitoring of professionally exposured persons. Using a number of PAHs relevant to work, the following questions were studied in cell culture systems and different animal-experimental models: Which metabolites are formed from the PAHs used in cell culture systems and the different animal-experimental models, and what are their ratios in percent? What percentage of a PAH is excreted by experimental animals in their urine and faeces on the first, second, and third day following different forms of application? What is the scale of the individual range of variation of PAH mass excretion? Are these results transferable to man? (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A number of concrete culverts used to retrievably store drummed, dry, radioactive waste at the Savannah River Site (SRS), were suspected of containing ambiguous quantities of transuranic (TRU) nuclides. These culverts were assayed in place for Pu-239 content using thermal and fast neutron counting techniques. High resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy on 17 culverts, having neutron emission rates several times higher than expected, showed characteristic gamma-ray signatures of neutron emitters other than Pu-239 (e.g., Pu-238, Pu/Be, or Am/Be neutron sources). This study confirmed the Pu-239 content of the culverts with anomalous neutron rates and established limits on the Pu-239 mass in each of the 17 suspect culverts by in-field, non-intrusive gamma-ray measurements.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The atmospheric processing by ozone of peptide-containing mixed particles was investigated as proxies for biogenic and sea spray primary organic aerosol. Reactions were performed in a flow reactor and particle composition was monitored by photoelectron resonance capture ionization aerosol mass spectrometry. Mixed particles containing dipeptides in a saturated organic matrix of stearic and palmitic acids showed no reaction under ozonolysis at exposure levels of 2.5???10?4?atm s O3. However reactions of mixed particles of a dipeptide (Leu-Leu) in an unsaturated matrix (oleic acid) under the same conditions resulted in a rapid loss of the peptide ion signal, as well as the carrier matrix, and appearance of a number of ion signals corresponding to secondary products. High molecular weight imid...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The set of nonlinear equations describing the standard model kinematics of the top quark antiquark production system in the dilepton decay channel has at most a fourfold ambiguity due to two not fully reconstructed neutrinos. Its most precise solution is of major importance for measurements of top quark properties like the top quark mass and tt spin correlations. Simple algebraic operations allow one to transform the nonlinear equations into a system of two polynomial equations with two unknowns. These two polynomials of multidegree eight can in turn be analytically reduced to one polynomial with one unknown by means of resultants. The obtained univariate polynomial is of degree 16. The number of its real solutions is determined analytically by means of Sturm's theorem, which is as well used to isolate each real solution into a unique pairwise disjoint interval. The solutions are polished by seeking the sign change of the polynomial in a given ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Beyond a great number of applications in mineral process, the hydrocyclone separation has been used recently in an increasing number of fields, such as: environmental engineering, petrochemical engineering, food engineering, electrochemical engineering, pulp bioengineering, processes and paper industries, among others. Nowadays, the produced water is treated and then reinjected in the surface and also in return to the formation. In the offshore platforms, the produced water can be directly discarded in the ocean, since the dispersed phase concentration (oil) is according to Brazilian regulating agency limits. The basic principle used in hydrocyclone separation is the centrifugal sedimentation machine: the suspended particles are submitted to centrifugal acceleration, which separates them from the fluid. The basic geometry of a hydrocyclone consists of four parts: a cylindrical section for feeding, a conical section for swirling, an overflow and ...

CERN Document Server

We have examined the dust photoelectric heating in the intergalactic medium (IGM). The heating rate in a typical radiation field of the IGM is represented by $\\Gamma_{\\rm pe} = 1.2\\times10^{-34}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-3}$ $({\\cal D}/10^{-4})(n_{\\rm H}/10^{-5} {\\rm cm^{-3}})^{4/3} (J_{\\rm L}/10^{-21} {\\rm erg s^{-1} cm^{-2} Hz^{-1} sr^{-1}})^{2/3} (T/10^4 {\\rm K})^{-1/6}$, where ${\\cal D}$ is the dust-to-gas mass ratio, $n_{\\rm H}$ is the hydrogen number density, $J_{\\rm L}$ is the mean intensity at the hydrogen Lyman limit of the background radiation, and $T$ is the gas temperature, if we assume the new X-ray photoelectric yield model by Weingartner et al. (2006) and the dust size distribution in the Milky Way by Mathis, Rumpl, & Nordsieck (1977). This heating rate dominates the HI and HeII photoionization heating rates when the hydrogen number density is less than $\\sim10^{-6}$ cm$^{-3}$ if ${\\cal ...

CERN Document Server

In models with dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking, this breaking is normally communicated to quarks and leptons by a set of vector bosons with masses generated via sequential breaking of a larger gauge symmetry. In reasonably ultraviolet-complete theories of this type, the number of stages of breaking of the larger gauge symmetry is usually equal to the observed number of quark and lepton generations, $N_{gen.}=3$. Here we investigate the general question of how the construction and properties of these models depend on $N_{gen.}$, regarded as a variable. We build and analyze models with illustrative values of $N_{gen.}$ different from 3 (namely, $N_{gen.}=1,2,4$) that exhibit the necessary sequential symmetry breaking down to a strongly coupled sector that dynamically breaks electroweak symmetry. Our results for variable $N_{gen.}$ show that one can robustly obtain, for this latter sector, a theory with a gauge ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A 100 kW thermal input Two-Stage Gasifier was built at the University of Denmark (DTU). The gasifier consists of an externally heated pyrolysis unit, a down-draft char gasifier, a gas cleaning system and an internal-combustion engine. Between the summer of 1996 and the summer of 1998, 11 tests were made with the gasifier. The gasifier had a total operating time of 278 hours (excluding warming up). The fuel was mainly wood chips, but also briquettes has been used. Four of the tests lasted 50-70 hours, and stable conditions were reached. All the tests were completed without technical problems. The particle sizes and amounts were investigated. The amount of particles depended on the amount of steam led to the gasifier. More than 99% of the particles after the cyclone were soot. The size of the soot particles was mainly between 0.2-0.5 {mu}m. Under normal conditions (biomass:steam = 1:1 (dry mass basis)), the particle load was about 300 mg/Nm{sup 3}. With biomass:steam ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Background: The difficulty of directly measuring cellular dose is a significant obstacle to application of target tissue dosimetry for nanoparticle and microparticle toxicity assessment. As a consequence, the target tissue paradigm for dosimetry and hazard assessment of nanoparticles has largely been ignored in favor of using metrics of exposure (e.g. ?g particle/mL culture medium, particle surface area/mL, particle number/mL). We have developed a computational model of solution particokinetics (sedimentation, diffusion) and dosimetry for non-interacting spherical particles and their agglomerates in monolayer cell culture systems. Particle transport to cells is calculated by simultaneous solution of Stokes Law (sedimentation) and the Stokes-Einstein equation (diffusion). Results: The In vitro Sedimentation, Diffusion and Dosimetry model (ISDD) was tested against measured transport rates or cellular doses for multiple sizes of polystyrene spheres (20-1100 nm), 35 nm ...

Science.gov (United States)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We calculate parity-dependent level densities for the even-even isotopes "5"8","6"2","6"6Fe and "5"8Ni and the odd-A nuclei "5"9Ni and "6"5Fe using the shell model Monte Carlo method. We perform these calculations in the complete fp-gds shell-model space using a pairing+quadrupole residual interaction. We find that, due to pairing of identical nucleons, the low-energy spectrum is dominated by positive parity states. Although these pairs break at around the same excitation energy in all nuclei, the energy dependence of the ratio of negative-to-positive parity level densities depends strongly on the particular nucleus of interest. We find equilibration of both parities at noticeably lower excitation energies for the odd-A nuclei "5"9Ni and "6"5Fe than for the neighboring even-even nuclei "5"8Ni and "6"6Fe.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The half-life ({ital T}{sub 1/2}) and {ital g} factor of the 2002 keV 11{sup {minus}} isomer in the odd-odd nucleus {sup 92}Tc produced by the pulsed heavy-ion reaction {sup 68}Zn({sup 28}Si,{ital p}3{ital n}){sup 92}Tc have been measured using time differential perturbed angular distribution method. The measured {ital T}{sub 1/2} value is 3.15(20) ns. From the observed spin precession frequency {omega}{sub {ital L}} of a {sup 92}Tc recoil implanted into a ferromagnetic Ni host, we obtain the {ital g} factor to be 0.806(20). The measured value of the {ital g} factor is in good agreement with a shell model analysis carried out using {pi}({ital p}{sub 1/2}{ital g}{sub 9/2}) and {nu}({ital p}{sub 1/2}{ital g}{sub 9/2}) orbitals for the proton particles and neutron holes outside the {sup 88}Sr core. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}

Wastenet

... (restricted)] 319-341 The value of container terminal investment to ocean carrier strategy by Thomas Pawlik & Lars Stemmler & Alfred J Baird ... (restricted)] 142-173 Prediction of arrival times and human resources allocation for container terminal by Gianfranco Fancello & Claudia Pani & Marco Pisano ... (restricted)] 347-369 Analysis of berth allocation and inspection operations in a container terminal by Yongpei Guan & Kang-hung Yang [Downloadable! (... (restricted)] 237-262 Container terminal concessions: A game theory application to the case of the ports of Pakistan by Naima Saeed & Odd ...

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The naive time reversal odd (T-odd) parton distribution $h_{1}^{\\perp}$, the so-called Boer-Mulders function, for both $u$- and $d$-quarks is considered in the diquark spectator model. While other approaches give evidence that the signs of the Boer-Mulders function for both flavors $u$ and $d$ are the same and negative, previous caculations in the diquark-spectator model found $h_{1}^{\\perp(u)}$ and $h_{1}^{\\perp(d)}$ have differnet signs. The flavor dependence is of significance for the analysis of the azimuthal $\\cos(2\\phi)$ asymmetries in unpolarized SIDIS and DY-processes, as well as for the overall physical understanding of the distribution of transversely polarized quarks in unpolarized nucleons. We find substantial differences with previous work. In particular we obtain estimates of the zeroth, half and first moments of Boer-Mulders functions that are negative over the full range in Bjorken $x$ for both the up and down quarks. In ...

CERN Document Server

In this paper, we describe our vectorized and parallelized adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) N-body code with shared time steps, and report its performance on a Fujitsu VPP5000 vector-parallel supercomputer. Our AMR N-body code puts hierarchical meshes recursively where higher resolution is required and the time step of all particles are the same. The parts which are the most difficult to vectorize are loops that access the mesh data and particle data. We vectorized such parts by changing the loop structure, so that the innermost loop steps through the cells instead of the particles in each cell, in other words, by changing the loop order from the depth-first order to the breadth-first order. Mass assignment is also vectorizable using this loop order exchange and splitting the loop into $2^{N_{dim}}$ loops, if the cloud-in-cell scheme is adopted. Here, $N_{dim}$ is the number of dimension. These vectorization schemes which eliminate the ...

CERN Document Server

A high luminosity (10e34 - 10e35 cm square/s) electron-positron Collider (CLIC) with a nominal centre-of-mass energy of 3 TeV has been under study for a number of years at CERN within an international collaboration of laboratories and institutes to provide the HEP community with a new accelerator-based facility for the post-LHC era. In order to achieve the very high design luminosity, very low emittance beams have to be produced and focused down to very small beam sizes at the interaction point. Beam acceleration using high frequency normal-conducting structures operating at high accelerating fields significantly reduces the length and, in consequence, the cost of the linac. The overall length of the 3 TeV collider is about 33 km. The goals of the CLIC scheme are ambitious, and require further R&D to demonstrate that they are indeed technically feasible. A new test facility is being built at CERN for this purpose with the aim to demonstrate ...

CERN Document Server

We present the minimal supersymmetric standard model with general broken R-parity, focusing on minimal supergravity (mSUGRA). We discuss the origins of lepton number violation in supersymmetry. We have computed the full set of coupled one-loop renormalization group equations for the gauge couplings, the superpotential parameters and for all the soft supersymmetry breaking parameters. We provide analytic formule for the scalar potential minimization conditions which may be iterated to arbitrary precision. We compute the low-energy spectrum of the superparticles and the neutrinos as a function of the small set of parameters at the unification scale in the general basis. Specializing to mSUGRA, we use the neutrino masses to set new bounds on the R-parity violating couplings. These bounds are up-to five orders of magnitude stricter than the previously existing ones. In addition, new bounds on the R-parity violating couplings are also derived ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The main objectives of this study was to determine the bone density for the purposes of i) determining the age of peak bone mass in each study group and ii) quantifying the differences in bone density as functions of age and sex. The results of estimating the age dependence of mineral density for the femoral neck, spine and total body of healthy women and men using DEXA are given. The age changes in concentrations of major minerals and electrolytes found for compact and trabecular bones of healthy male femoral neck with regard for the wet and dry tissue calculations are represented. Information about femoral neck water content depending on the age of healthy men is tabulated. The number of performed observations and analyses is evidently insufficient to make any final decision, however some preliminary conclusions can be drawn. In accordance with DEXA results, BMD maximum for the femoral neck, spine and total body of healthy women is found for ...

CERN Document Server

In this paper, we first calculate the realistic Earth matter effects on the detection of type II supernova neutrinos at the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment which is currently under construction. It is found that the Earth matter effects depend on the neutrino incident angle \\theta, the neutrino mass hierarchy \\Delta m_{31}^{2}, the crossing probability at the high resonance region inside the supernova, P_H, the neutrino temperature, T_{\\alpha}, and the pinching parameter in the neutrino spectrum, \\eta_{\\alpha}. We give the expression for the dependence of P_H on the neutrino mixing angle \\theta_{13}. With this we obtain the relations between \\theta_{13} and the event numbers for various reaction channels of supernova neutrinos. Using these relations, we propose a possible way to measure \\theta_{13} smaller than 1.5^\\circ. Such a sensitivity cannot be achieved by the Daya Bay neutrino experiment (the sensitivity of the Daya Bay ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Binary geothermal plants were investigated for providing electrical power for MX missile bases. A number of pure hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon mixtures were evaluated as working fluids for geothermal resource temperatures of 365, 400, and 450/sup 0/F. Cycle thermodynamic analyses were conducted for pure geothermal plants and for two types of coal-geothermal hybrid plants. Cycle performance results were presented as net geofluid effectiveness (net plant output in watts per geofluid flow in 1 bm/hr) and cooling water makeup effectiveness (net plant output in watts per makeup water flow in 1 bm/hr). A working fluid containing 90% (mass) isobutane/10% hexane was selected, and plant statepoints and energy balances were determined for 20MW(e) geothermal plants at each of the three resource temperatures. Working fluid heaters and condensers were sized for these plants. It is concluded that for the advanced plants investigated, geothermal resources in ...

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The research project had the aim to develop a standard for measuring individual, inner stresses from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at work. The employed method was by characterizing PAHs and metabolites of PAHs to be identified in urine with a view to developing a biological monitoring of professionally exposured persons. Using a number of PAHs relevant to work, the following questions were studied in cell culture systems and different animal-experimental models: Which metabolites are formed from the PAHs used in cell culture systems and the different animal-experimental models, and what are their ratios in percent What percentage of a PAH is excreted by experimental animals in their urine and faeces on the first, second, and third day following different forms of application What is the scale of the individual range of variation of PAH mass excretion Are these results transferable to man (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The further development of a Guideline (formerly Protocol) for sampling and analysis of 'tars' from biomass producer gases is reported. This Guideline is being developed as a project within the European Fifth Framework Programme with additional partners from Switzerland and North-America. In this paper an outline and the principle of the Guideline are given. The Guideline is based on isokinetic sampling of particles and 'tar' from the main producer gas duct, particle filtration at high temperature, gas cooling in a liquid quench, 'tar' absorption in a solvent at low temperatures, an optional backup adsorber, and flow measurement and control. The Guideline gives a definition for 'Gravimetric tar' which is the 'tar' number to be determined by the Guideline. Also, the Guideline gives procedures for compound analysis by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Several years ago the shipment of spent fuel of the High Flux Reactor (HFR) at Petten has come to a standstill resulting in an ever growing stock of fuel elements that are labelled 'fully burnt up'. Examination of those elements showed that a reasonably number of them have a relatively high {sup 235}U mass left. A reactor physics analysis showed that the use of such elements in the peripheral core zone allows the loading of four instead of five fresh fuel elements in many cycle cores. For the assessment of safety and performance parameters of HFR cores a new calculational tool is being developed. It is based on AEA Technology's Reactor physics code suite Winfrith Improved Multigroup Scheme (WIMS). NRG produced pre- and post-processing facilities to feed input data into WIMS's 2D transport code CACTUS and to extract relevant parameters from the output. The processing facilities can be used for many different ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Low expression of osmotically responsive genes 2 (LOS2) encodes an enolase (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolase, EC 4.2.1.11) that converts 2-phospho-D-glycerate (PGA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the glycolytic pathway in Arabidopsis. Meanwhile, it is a transcriptional activator of cold-responsive gene, negatively controlling the expression of STZ/ZAT10, a zinc finger transcriptional repressor of cold-responsive gene from Arabidopsis. A novel LOS2 gene, designated PtrLOS2 (GenBank accession number GQ144341), was isolated from trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.]. The PtrLOS2 cDNA is 1 662 bp in length with a 1 338 bp open reading frame (ORF), encoding a deduced 445 amino acid residue protein with a predicted molecular mass of 47.79 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.54. The ded...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study, the exhaust gas from a common-rail direct injection diesel engine was investigated both upstream and downstream warm-up catalytic converters (WCC). Three different types of ultra-low sulfur fuels (ethanol-diesel blend, ethanol-diesel blend with cetane improver and pure diesel) were tested in this study. The objective of the work was to study the engine performance and the formation of THC (total hydro carbon), CO (carbon monoxide), NO{sub x} (nitrogen oxides), smoke and PM (particulate matters) when using these fuels. THC and CO emissions of the ethanol-diesel blend fuels were slightly increased, and about 50-80% mean conversion efficiencies of THC and CO on catalysts were achieved in the ECE R49 13-mode cycle. Smoke was decreased by more than 42% in the entire ECE 13-mode cycles. From the measurement of scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) for the particle size range of 10-385 nm, the total number and total mass of the PM of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Water Frame work Directive (December 2000) proposes integrated water management in regard to both quality and quality. A mathematical model has therefore been produced at the CEIT and EPTISA research centre, in collaboration with the Ebro Hydrographic. Confederation (CHE), to predict water quality and thus begin integrated management of it in the river basins. A description is given of the characteristics of the simulation tool. The hydraulic model is based on the numerical (weighted, four-point implicit) resolution of the complete Saint Venant equations. The quality model is based on the IWA River Water Quality Model Number 1 which has clear advantages (consistency, mass balance and easy integration with the biological models of the waste water treatment plants and the collector networks compared to traditional models. The experimental validation, which includes calibration in wintertime of the hydraulic and quality models most ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A two-dimensional mathematical model of a fault controlled geothermal reservoir has been developed. Heated water rising in a fault is assumed to charge a reservoir which is overlain by a thin impermeable, thermally conducting cap rock. The mass flow rate or the pressure associated with the charging process at the fault inlet is unknown and can only be estimated. Thus, the pressure in the fault at the bottom of the reservoir is assumed to be prescribed. Quasi-analytic solutions for the distributions of velocity, pressure, and temperature are obtained in the fault-reservoir system for high Rayleigh number flow. In this approximation, the upwelling fluid does not cool off appreciably until it reaches the cold upper boundary of the reservoir and encounters conductive heat loss. The thermal boundary layer, which is thin at the top of the fault, grows outward laterally and occupies the full thickness of the aquifer in the far-field. This study shows ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the last few years the supercharging of Otto-cycle-engines has regained popularity, as demonstrated by a number of series-production engines. After listing the aims to be met by a modern supercharger the paper describes the technical status of mass-produced or close to production superchargers. This is followed by a comparative evaluation of the systems, enabling the reader to select possible solutions for a projected supercharger-engine-system by means of a comparison chart. The paper is concluded by a list of possible directions for further development and additional potential for twin-screw superchargers. (orig.) [German] In neuerer Zeit hat die Aufladung von Ottomotoren wieder ein verstaerktes Interesse gefunden, das sich auch in einer Anzahl serienmaessig gefertigter aufgeladener Motortypen wiederspiegelt. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt, nach einer Darstellung der Anforderungen an ein modernes Aufladegeraet, den Stand der Technik ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A multicusp magnetic field plasma surface ion source, normally used for H/sup /minus//ion beam formation, has been modified for the generation of high-intensity, pulsed, heavy negative ion beams suitable for a variety of uses. To date, the source has been utilized to produce mA intensity pulsed beams of more than 24 species. A brief description of the source, and basic pulsed-mode operational data, (e.g., intensity versus cesium oven temperature, sputter probe voltage, and discharge pressure), are given. In addition, illustrative examples of intensity versus time and the mass distributions of ion beams extracted from a number of samples along with emittance data, are also presented. Preliminary results obtained during dc operation of the source under low discharge power conditions suggest that sources of this type may also be used to produce high-intensity (mA) dc beams. The results of these investigations are given, as well, and the technical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Formation of particles from heavy duty diesel and CNG vehicles was studied in laboratory conditions. PM, nano and soot mode particle emissions formed from buses of Euro 2-5 -emission levels were studied in relation to age and type approval characteristics of the vehicle. Characteristic particle emission factors from city driving were obtained by driving the buses on VTT's heavy duty chassis dynamometer applying the transient Braunschweig city cycle. The vehicles were a representative set of Euro 2 to 3 emission categories, supplemented with Euro 4-5 (EEV) -targeted CRT, CNG and DPF cars. Particle number emissions from Euro 4 to 5 buses were 1/100-1/1000 and mass emissions 1/10-1/100 of those of the current fleet. Particle emission from natural gas buses and after an advanced CRT trap contained almost entirely liquid < 60 nm nano particles, which will make filter mass based PM control very challenging in the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Silanization of the silica gel surface in the synthesis of silica gel polyamine composites uses (chloropropyl)-trichlorosilane (CPTCS). It is possible to substitute a molar fraction of reagent CPTCS with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS), creating a mixed silane surface layer. Two types of silica gels were modified with a series of MTCS:CPTCS molar ratios. Solid-state CP/MAS 29Si and 13C NMR spectroscopies were used to evaluate the surface silane composition. Surface silane coverage was markedly improved for the resulting gels. When polyamines were grafted to the resultant MTCS:CPTCS silane layers, it was shown that the decrease in the number of propyl attachments to the polyamine resulted in increased quantities of ''free amines''. Optimum MTCS:CPTCS ratios were determined for three polyamines grafted onto one silica gel. A substantial free amine increase was observed for poly(allylamine) (PAA). Metal uptake studies show increases in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By contrast to the large mass, complexity and recirculating power of conventional drivers for inertial confinement fusion (ICF), antiproton annihilation offers a specific energy of 90MJ/{micro}g and thus a unique form of energy packaging and delivery. In principle, antiproton drivers could provide a profound reduction in system mass for advanced space propulsion by ICF. We examine the physics underlying the use of antiprotons ({bar p}) to drive various classes of high-yield ICF targets by the methods of volumetric ignition, hotspot ignition and fast ignition. The useable fraction of annihilation deposition energy is determined for both {bar p}-driven ablative compression and {bar p}-driven fast ignition, in association with 0-D and 1-D target burn models. Thereby, we deduce scaling laws for the number of injected antiprotons required per capsule, together with timing and focal spot requirements. The kinetic energy of the ...

Science.gov (United States)

We describe the synthesis of metal-chelating polymers (MCPs) with four different pendant polyaminocarboxylate ligands (EDTA, DTPA, TTHA, DOTA) and an orthogonal end-group, either a fluorescein molecule or a bismaleimide linker for antibody attachment. Polymer characterization by a combination of (1)H NMR, UV/vis absorption measurements, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that each chain of the fluorescein-terminated polymers contained one dye molecule. These polymer samples were loaded with three different types of lanthanide ions as well as palladium and platinum ions. The numbers of metal atoms per chain were determined by a combination of UV/vis and conventional ICP-MS measurements. The experiments with lanthanide ions demonstrated that a net anionic charge on the polymer is important for water solubility. These experiments also showed that at least one type of lanthanide ion (La(3+)) is capable of forming a bimetallic complex with pendant DTPA ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Acidic constituents in crude oil are associated with the formation of stable emulsions during production and present a challenge for efficient oil recovery and processing. Acid molecules, including naphthenic acids and acidic sulfur in crude oil cause corrosion in refineries and pipelines. Naphthenic acids are also significant because of their surface activity and marginal water solubility, so that they may leach to wastewaters and cause adverse environmental effects. Acidic components of oil are not limited to carboxylic acids but also molecules that contain sulfur and nitrogen. As such, an improved understanding of the chemistry and physics of petroleum at the molecular level is needed in order to understand the range of problems associated with acidic oil components and to design better solutions. The applications of negative-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) for speciation of acidic oil ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Q/sub ..beta..-values are determined for 18 nuclei (Zr-, Nb-, Mo-, Tc-, Ru- and Rh-nuclides) with mass numbers 101 less than or equal toA less than or equal to106 and A=109 from measurements of beta decay energies which were carried out at the LOHENGRIN mass separator at the Institut Laue-Langevin in Grenoble (France). The given Q/sub ..beta..-values between 2 and 8 MeV show errors of about 1.5% (with the exception of /sup 103/Zr and /sup 105/Nb resp. and /sup 103/Tc for which larger errors result due to statistical resp. systematic reasons): /sup 101/Zr 5500+-70, /sup 101/Nb 4580+-45, /sup 102/Zr 4670+-40, /sup 102/Nb 7230+-70, /sup 103/Zr 6790+-240, /sup 103/ 5740+-70, /sup 103/Mo 3575+-80, /sup 103/Tc 2585+-70, /sup 104/Nb 8250+-130, /sup 104/Mo 2180+-40, /sup 104/Tc 5520+-100, /sup 105/Nb 6570+-150, /sup 105/Mo 4885+-80, /sup 105/Tc 3750+-60, /sup 106/Mo 3515+-45, /sup 106/Tc 6540+-70, /sup 109/Ru 4150+-80, /sup 109/Rh ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This chapter consists of some points including an introduction, the basic parts of mass spectroscope device, sample introduction into the inductively coupled plasma, pneumatic nebuliser, ultrasonic nebuliser, dry gas cloud system, laser ablation unit, inductively coupled plasma-ion source, extraction of ions from ion source, mass analysis, quad-polar mass spectrometer, dual assembly mass spectrometer, mass spectrometer by calculation of time of flight, ion interferences and the ability of resolution, ion counter, working conditions of inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscope device, efficiency of ion transportation in an inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscope device and applications of analysis using mass spectroscope of induced plasma including nuclear, industrial, geological, environmental and archaeological ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Results are presented of an empirical analysis of the global thermodynamical requirements of the winds in the outer atmospheres of a representative sample of red giant stars of low- and intermediate-mass range. Results indicate that the mass-loss rates in these stars are not strongly dependent on the actual physical processes driving the winds. It is suggested that nonlinear processes act to regulate wind energy fluxes. Possible mechanisms responsible for the chromospheric heating and the mass loss in the low- and intermediate-mass giant stars are discussed. 151 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Transient enhanced diffusion (TED) from implantation of 5keVB_1_0H_1_4 and 0.5 keV B ions has been quantified and compared for nominal boron doses of 10"1"4 and 10"1"5cm"-"2. Boron diffusivity during annealing was extracted from secondary ion mass spectroscopy depth profiles of diffused marker layers in boron doping-superlattices and the actual implanted B dose was independently measured by nuclear reaction analysis. Comparable enhancements were observed from both ions. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that both boron- and decaborane-implanted samples were amorphized at a nominal 10"1"5cm"-"2B dose. A comparison with data from low energy Si implants revealed a similar dependence of diffusivity enhancement on implant dose. These findings are consistent with the understanding that TED is caused by the interstitial supersaturation resulting from a number of excess interstitials approximately equal to the ...

Science.gov (United States)

An experiment of heat transfer to CO{sub 2}, which flows upward and downward in a circular tube with an inner diameter of 6.32 mm, was carried out with mass flux of 285-1200 kg/m{sup 2} s and heat flux of 30-170 kW/m{sup 2} at pressures of 7.75 and 8.12 MPa, respectively. The corresponding Reynolds number at the tube test section inlet ranges from 1.8 x 10{sup 4} to 3.8 x 10{sup 5}. The tube inner diameter corresponds to the equivalent hydraulic diameter of the fuel assembly sub-channel, which is being studied at KAERI. Among the tested correlations, the Bishop correlation predicted the experimental data most accurately, but only 66.9% of normal heat transfer data were predicted within {+-}30% error range. The Watts and Chou correlation, which is claimed to be valid for both the normal and deteriorated heat transfer regime, showed unsatisfactory performance. A significant decrease in Nusselt number was observed in the range ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inelastic scattering of #alpha#-particles in 22-24 MeV energy range on "1"8o o, "1"9f, "2"0Ne, "2"2Ne nuclei is investigated. Measurements of excitation functions were conducted for the beam of Leningrad University cyclo otron at several angles in 15-165 deg range of laboratory system with 2.5 deg spacing. The error of determining absolute cross sections equals +-20% for "2"2Ne and +-12% for other nuclei. Angular distributions have the differaction character, are similar in form for all nuclei, the values of differential cross- -sections don't exceed the rutherford values. The dependence of integral cross-sections on the energy of level excitation is similar to the exponential d dependence of cross-sections of production of the given element isotopes on the gergy difference of masses of final nuclear products in the reactions of deeply inelastic transfers with heavy ions. The observed isotopic effect in the value of cross-sections of elastic and inelastic ...

Science.gov (United States)

Not Available

Science.gov (United States)

Three Sun-mass star evolution from main sequence to helium exhaustion in core, noting chronology of

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... The second scenario is limited by the age of our Galaxy such that the lowest-mass WD that could be formed via single star evolution is ~0.47 M ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Our investigation concerns the class of Josephson-like systems, sharing the same nonlinear Hamiltonian. Among the latter a Josephson junction with an external biasing circuit is considered. We diagonalize the fully nonlinear Hamiltonian (in the superconductive regime of the junction) in the Fock space of the TBHA (two-boson Heisenberg algebra) and prove that such algebra leads quite naturally to the theoretical realization of codewords and logical operators: the codewords are defined as the even and odd coherent states of the TBHA, while the logical operators are expressed in terms of operators in the same algebra. Our theoretical construction corresponds to a continuous variable quantum computation scheme; the continuous variables are identified in terms of the physical operators of the junction. The link between this scheme and the technique of fermionization of bosonic systems is also discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The history of the political process surrounding regulations is traced from the 1930s, when the natural gas industry and the Federal Power Commission were in their infancy. The author traces the changing mandate that Congress has provided the regulators and the instincts for self-preservation that these bureaucrats have manifested when they suspected a change in presidential administration or a new decision from the Supreme Court. Natural gas has been one political issue that has split Congress by region. The economic interests of producer and consumer states have often been at such odds that regulation has involved the question of redistribution of wealth among regions as well as between households and industry. The picture is complicated by the link between gas production and distribution and the production and distribution of coal and oil. 12 figures, 25 tables.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Introduction: Restrictions in prescribing broad spectrum antimicrobials have been part of a strategy to reduce Clostridium difficile cases in the UK in recent years. However, there has been little work on assessing the safety of alternative antimicrobial agents. Methods: We performed an uncontrolled prospective observational survey over a 1-year period to determine the effectiveness and safety of a new antimicrobial stewardship programme in a district hospital in the UK. Results: In total, 227 Gram-negative bacteraemias (203 episodes) occurred in the study period. Guidelines were adequate in 194 of 203 (95%) episodes and 163 episodes (80.2%) received adequate therapy. Patients in the inadequate therapy group had >2-fold increased likelihood of death [odds ratio (OR) = 2.63, 95% confidence ...

CERN Document Server

A time-reversal-violating spin-correlation coefficient in the total cross section for polarized neutrons incident on a tensor rank-2 polarized target is calculated by assuming a time-reversal-noninvariant, parity-conserving ``five-fold" interaction in the neutron-nucleus optical potential. Results are presented for the system $n + {^{165}{\\rm Ho}}$ for neutron incident energies covering the range 1--20 MeV. From existing experimental bounds, a strength of $2 \\pm 10$ keV is deduced for the real and imaginary parts of the five-fold term, which implies an upper bound of order $10^{-4}$ on the relative $T$-odd strength when compared to the central real optical potential.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A more complete level scheme is presented here for the decay of "1"8"7Pt, incorporating many new lines and levels up to 2.4 MeV. Emphasis has been placed on the extraction of multipole mixing ratios from nuclear orientation data. Analysis of that data, however, required a more complete understanding of the level structure (including, in particular, branching ratios, conversion coefficients, and level feedings), prompting the collection of new spectroscopy data. The low-lying, positive-parity levels are described in terms of (odd-proton) single-particle Nilsson states coupled to a triaxial core. Multipole mixing ratios are compared to those calculated in the Particle-Plus-Triaxial-Rotor Model. (orig.).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Background The increase in the incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in developed countries has been related to familiar and environmental factors. This survey was undertaken to investigate the family background, birthweight and the home environment of children suffering from AD in order to point out the possible factors that provoke the development of the disease. Methods The study uses data collected by means of self-administered questionnaires and discusses 461 cases of children (age 0-12) with active skin signs of AD. The control group comprised of 343 children (age 0-12) with no skin signs or positive lifetime history of AD. Associations between familiar and various home environmental factors and the risk of AD were calculated by means of odds ratios. Results There were statist...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The activities "1"0"1Mo and "1"0"1Tc produced from neutron capture by natural Mo were chemically separated and studied using Ge(Li) #gamma#-ray detectors. Out of 185 transitions observed in the decay of "1"0"1Mo, 170 were assigned to 44 excited levels in "1"0"1Tc. For the decay of "1"0"1Tc, 26 of 27 transitions were placed among 10 excited levels in "1"0"1Ru. The interpretation of the "1"0"1Tc level scheme using the shell-model approach is not satisfactory even for a five-particle calculation. Systematics of odd-A level structures in the region of A=101 indicate that the level structure of "1"0"1Tc could be due partly to the onset of collective effects.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

AbstractBACKGROUND: Disparities in treatment and mortality for colorectal cancer (CRC) may reflect differences in access to specialized care or other characteristics of the area where an individual lives. METHODS: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program-Medicare data for seniors diagnosed with CRC were linked to area measures of the sociodemographic characteristics and the capacity of surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists. Outcomes included receipt of stage-appropriate CRC care and mortality. RESULTS: After adjustment, blacks and Hispanics were less likely than whites to undergo surgery (odds ratio [OR] 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-0.63 and OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.70-0.95, respectively). Individuals who lived in areas with the highest tertile of surgeon c...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Oils in Jinghu sag are abundant with high content of polar compounds and have a low ratio of saturate to aro-matic hydrocarbons and a high ratio of resin to asphaltene. The gross composition of oils in the Jinghu sag suggests typical immature to low mature characteristics. Some compounds with low thermal stability were identified. Light hy-drocarbons, a carbon preference index, an odd even index, n-alkane and hopane maturity parameters show mature fea-tures and little differences in the maturity level among oils. Sterane isomerization parameters indicate an immature to low mature status of oil. Transfer of the sedimentary center during sedimentation has led to different thermal histories among subsags and thus generated oils with different maturities. On the basis of source analyses, four ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The masses of the proton-rich nuclides {sup 85,86,87}Mo and {sup 87}Tc have been measured with the Penning trap mass spectrometer SHIPTRAP at GSI. The measured mass excesses of these nuclei deviate from the values of the Atomic Mass Evaluation 2003 by up to 1.6 MeV, indicating a systematic shift of the mass surface in this region compared to previous measurements. A local mass extrapolation based on the new results has been made for the mass range A=80-95. Measured and extrapolated mass values and the derived separation energies have been compared to theoretical mass models. Taking into account the new mass excess values, rp-process network calculations have been performed. Preliminary results show changes in the final abundances for A=86-92 by up to a factor of 30. Results of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The masses of proton rich nuclides in the vicinity of N=Z=43 were measured with the Penning trap mass spectrometer SHIPTRAP at GSI. These nuclei were produced in the fusion-evaporation reaction {sup 36}Ar+{sup 54}Fe at energies of 5.0 and 5.9 MeV/u and separated at the velocity filter SHIP. The data are of astrophysical interest since these nuclei are believed to be a part of the rp and {nu}p process paths. The masses of {sup 85}Mo and {sup 87}Tc were measured for the first time. The masses of another two nuclides, {sup 86,87}Mo, were determined for the first time in a direct mass measurement. For these nuclides the mass excess deviates from values of the 2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by up to 1.5 MeV, indicating a systematic shift of the mass surface in this region of the nuclear chart. Additionally, the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this thesis, increased hemicellulose retention during kraft pulping has been studied. The work has been divided into three parts: i) Development of an accessible and reliable method for determination of carbohydrate composition of kraft pulps ii) Investigation of the composition and molecular mass distributions of the carbohydrates in kraft pulps with increased hemicellulose content iii) Investigation of the effect of increased hemicellulose content on the sheet properties of kraft pulps with increased hemicellulose content. A method for carbohydrate determination was developed. In this method, enzymes are used to hydrolyse the pulp into monosaccharides. A relatively mild acid hydrolysis is performed prior to detection on an HPLC with an RI-detector. The pulp is not derivatized and no pre-treatment (mechanical or chemical) is needed to determine the carbohydrate composition using the method developed here. Peak deconvolution software is used to improve the ...

Science.gov (United States)

To understand the evolution of giant stars, it is important to pin down the masses for Cepheids. The 7- to 10-day bump Cepheids imply lower than evolutionary mass (60%). Recent theoretical work, though, indicates that for Cepheids with periods of 15 to 16 days, the best understanding of the light curves results from using evolutionary masses.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication. 3 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stars and star evolution are discussed, including supernovae, nucleosynthesis, and mass-luminosity and Hertzsprung--Russell diagrams./aip/.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Published in summary form only.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Several reactions producing odd-Z transactinide compound nuclei were studiedwith the 88-Inch Cyclotron and the Berkeley Gas-Filled Separator at the LawrenceBerkeley National Laboratory. The goal was to produce the same compound nucleus ator near the same excitation energy with similar values of angular momentum via differentnuclear reactions. In doing so, it can be determined if there is a preference in entrancechannel, because under these experimental conditions the survival portion of Swiatecki, Siwek-Wilcznska, and Wilczynski's"Fusion By Diffusion" model is nearly identical forthe two reactions. Additionally, because the same compound nucleus is produced, theexit channel is the same. Four compound nuclei were examined in this study: 258Db, 262Bh, 266Mt, and 272Rg. These nuclei were produced by using very similar heavy-ion induced-fusion reactions which differ only by one proton in the projectile or target nucleus (e.g.: 50Ti + 209Bi vs. ...

CERN Document Server

Acoustic metamaterials with negative effective mass below a cut-off frequency are studied. An equivalent mass-spring structure is firstly proposed for such metamaterials, the effective mass is found to follow the Drude model: being negative below a specific frequency. The peculiar behavior is then verified by transmission experiments operating in the low-frequency regime. Inspired by the mass-spring model, we investigate the two-dimensional elastic waveguide with clamped boundaries and attribute the bandgap occurring below a critical frequency to negative effective mass density. The finding helps us to design a new acoustic Drude metamaterial, which enables shearing and bending deformations, in contrast to the membrane-type ones. Both simulation and experimental results show that the proposed metamaterial exhibits negative effective mass below 1200 Hz, thus ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

High purity Fe-50mass%Cr alloys containing (C+N) in the range of 30 to 500 mass ppm were prepared and their corrosion resistance was investigated. Pitting potential in a 3.5mass%NaCl solution at 343K rose with reducing (C+N) content. Alloys containing (C+N) at less than 100 mass ppm did not sustain pitting corrosion. However, alloys containing 500 mass ppm (C+N) corroded severely in 6%FeCl_3+1/20N HCl solutions. Heat treatment at 923K was recognized as influencing corrosion resistance due to precipitation of carbonitrides only in the case of the alloy containing 500 mass ppm (C+N). (orig.).

CERN Document Server

We present new results from accurate and fully general-relativistic simulations of the coalescence of unmagnetized binary neutron stars with various mass ratios. The evolution of the stars is followed through the inspiral phase, the merger and prompt collapse to a black hole, up until the appearance of a thick accretion disk, which is studied as it enters and remains in a regime of quasi-steady accretion. Although a simple ideal-fluid equation of state with \\Gamma=2 is used, this work presents a systematic study within a fully general relativistic framework of the properties of the resulting black-hole--torus system produced by the merger of unequal-mass binaries. More specifically, we show that: (1) The mass of the torus increases considerably with the mass asymmetry and equal-mass binaries do not produce significant tori if they have a total baryonic mass ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nucleon and meson effective masses in the nonlinear relativistic mean-field theory introducing a nonlinear {omega}-{rho} and {sigma} coupling motivated by the quark-meson coupling model is explored. It is shown that, in contrast to the usual Walecka model, not only the effective nucleon mass m{sub eff,N} but also the effective {sigma},{rho} meson masses (m{sub eff{sigma}},m{sub eff,{rho}}) and the effective {omega} meson mass m{sub eff,{omega}} are nucleon density dependent. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Recent developments in the analysis of Mira atmosphere, the determination of the pulsation mode, the problem of mass loss, and the evolution of the Mira variables are covered. Model atmospheres for Mira variables, including the opacities of the molecules expected in very late M-type atmospheres are discussed. The pulsation constant for Omicron Ceti is evaluated using T(eff) = 2900 + or - 200 K, and it is concluded that Miras are fundamental mode pulsators. The importance of molecular opacity to the driving of mass loss is evaluated, and it is pointed out that the radiation pressure on molecules is not a major factor in driving mass loss from Mira. Mass loss is considered as a factor in the calculations of the periods for Mira variables. 30 refs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Isotopic analyses of radioactive materials such as irradiated nuclear fuel are of major importance for the optimization of the nuclear fuel cycle and for safeguard aspects. Among the mass-spectrometric techniques available, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and thermal ionization mass spectrometry are the most frequently applied methods for nuclear applications. Because of the low detection limits, the ability to analyze the isotopic composition of the elements and the applicability of the techniques for measuring stable as well as radioactive nuclides with similar sensitivity, both mass-spectrometric techniques are an excellent amendment to classical radioactivity counting methods. The paper describes selected applications of multicollector ICP-MS in combination with c...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: Liposarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in adults. The purpose of the study was to correlate MR imaging features with the four ICD subclasses. Methods: 28 patients with liposarcoma were examined preoperatively on a 1.0 T MRI system, using spin echo sequences, gradient echo imaging and STIR sequences. In all patients, classification of the liposarcomas was made by histologic diagnosis (ICD-10-M-classification). Results: Well differentiated liposarcomas (9 patients) showed a number of MRI features consistent with lipoma (well defined mass high signal intensity (SI) on T{sub 1} images, low signal on T{sub 2} images, no or only little signal increase of tumour tissue after contrast material application, no necrosis). Not well differentiated liposarcomas (myxoid 14 patients, pleomorphic three patients, round cell two patients) revealed the largest part of the mass to be of low SI on T{sub 1}-weighted images. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An IAEA databank lists a number of reported cases of illicitly trafficked nuclear or other radioactive materials. Apart from the traditional concern with nuclear proliferation, the post September 11th public is now wary of a possible attack by terrorists with a nuclear or radiation dispersion device (RDD). Until now, the seized quantities have not been sufficient to manufacture a nuclear explosive device, but they might be enough to construct an RDD. Recognizing the latent global challenge to public health and safety, the G8 States (Japan, USA, Germany, France, UK, Italy, Canada, and Russia) have called for 'joint international efforts to identify and suppress illicit supply' of, and demand for, nuclear material and to deter potential traffickers. One measure gaining in significance is to identify seized material and trace it back to its origin the objective of an emerging science known as nuclear forensics. Repeatedly nuclear or other radioactive material of ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Copy number variants (CNVs) are an important component of genomic variation in humans and other mammals. Similar de novo deletions and duplications, or copy number changes (CNCs), are now known to be...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

Determining the type of matter that is inside a neutron star (NS) has been a long-standing goal of astrophysics. Despite this, most of the NS equations of state (EOS) that predict maximum masses in the range 1.4-2.8 solar masses are still viable. Most of the precise NS mass measurements that have been made to date show values close to 1.4 solar masses, but a reliable measurement of an over-massive NS would constrain the EOS possibilities. Here, we investigate how optical astrometry at the microarcsecond level can be used to map out the orbits of High-Mass X-ray Binaries (HMXBs), leading to tight constraints on NS masses. While previous studies by Unwin and co-workers and Tomsick and co-workers discuss the fact that the future Space Interferometry Mission should be capable of making such measurements, the current work describes detailed simulations for 6 HMXB ...

Science.gov (United States)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a mitogen that is critically involved in vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and hematopoiesis. However, what and how transcription factors participate in the regulation of vegf gene expression are not fully understood. Here we report the cloning and sequencing of the zebrafish vegf promoter which revealed that the promoter contains a number of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-activated Smad binding elements (SBE), implicating Smad1 and Smad5 in the regulation of BMP-induced expression of vegf. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays of adding recombinant Smad proteins to the SBE-containing DNA oligonucleotides that represent portions of zebrafish vegf promoter resulted in mobility shift of the oligonucleotides. These changes demonstrate potential interactions between Smad1/5 and the vegf promoter. Reporter activity assays using the wild-type or SBE-deleted vegf promoters to drive the luciferase reporter gene expression revealed ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This Report of activity displays the work developed at Centre d`Etude Nucleaires de Bordeaux-Gradignan (CENBG) in the period 1995-1996. A number of 68 short progress notes are presented in the fields of Cosmic particles (3), Nuclear Astrophysics (4), High Spins-Large Deformations (8), Basic Interactions (9), Exotic Nuclei (10), Hybrid Systems (4), Theoretical Physics (28), Cellular Microanalysis by means of Nuclear Probes (3) and Technical Development (3). The main problems attacked at CENBG, established as orientations by scientific board of IN2P3 (CENBG is a UMR of Bordeaux-1 Univ. and CNRS-IN2P3) are the following: the research of Majorana/Dirac nature of neutrino (in the framework of NEMO Experiment) in relation with the problem of origin of mass in the Universe and the cosmological puzzle of dark matter, the investigation of the origin of high energy (20 to 200 GeV) cosmic radiation (in the framework of CELESTE Experiment), the study of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this thesis we study the relic density n{sub {chi}} of non--relativistic long--lived or stable particles {chi} in various non--standard cosmological scenarios. First, we discuss the relic density in the non--standard cosmological scenario in which the temperature is too low for the particles {chi} to achieve full chemical equilibrium. We also investigated the case where {chi} particles are non--thermally produced from the decay of heavier particles in addition to the usual thermal production. In low temperature scenario, we calculate the relic abundance starting from arbitrary initial temperatures T{sub 0} of the radiation--dominated epoch and derive approximate solutions for the temperature dependence of the relic density which can accurately reproduces numerical results when full thermal equilibrium is not achieved. If full equilibrium is reached, our ansatz no longer reproduces the correct temperature dependence of the {chi} number density. However, we can ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the early period after the Chernobyl accident, analysis of patterns of "1"3"1I exposure of the human thyroid showed that contaminated milk was the basic source of "1"3"1I intake among the inhabitants of Russia. The equipment and techniques used for measurement of the "1"3"1I content in the thyroids of these individuals are described in this work. A model of the "1"3"1I intake, taking into account protective actions, and a method of thyroid dose calculation are discussed. The mean thyroid dose and frequency distributions of the thyroid doses to inhabitants of towns and villages of the Bryansk, Tula and Orel regions of Russia are presented. The mean dose to the thyroids of children living in the villages was 2 to 5 times higher than the dose to adult thyroids; for children living in the towns, the mean dose was 1.5 to 12 times higher. The mean thyroid mass in adult inhabitants of the Bryansk region was 27 g, which exceeded the value for a standard man (20 g) and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The rapid growth in the use of in vitro methods for nanoparticle toxicity assessment has proceeded with limited consideration of the unique kinetics of these materials in solution. Particles in general and nanoparticles specifically, diffuse, settle and agglomerate in cell culture media as a function of several systemic and particle factors: media density and viscosity, particle size, shape and density. Cellular dose then is also a function of these factors as they determine the rate of transport of nanoparticles to cells in culture. Here we develop and apply the principles of particokinetics and dosimetry in vitro and outline an approach for simulation of nanoparticle particokinetics in cell culture systems. We illustrate that where equal mass concentrations (?g/ml) imply equal doses for dissimilar materials, the corresponding particle number or surface area concentration doses differ by orders of magnitude. When rates of diffusional and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A copyrighted computational fluid dynamics computer code, ICOMFLO, has been developed for the simulation of multiphase reacting flows. The code solves conservation equations for gaseous species and droplets (or solid particles) of various sizes. General conservation laws, expressed by elliptic type partial differential equations, are used in conjunction with rate equations governing the mass, momentum, enthalpy, species, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation. Associated phenomenological submodels of the code include integral combustion, two parameter turbulence, particle evaporation, and interfacial submodels. A newly developed integral combustion submodel replacing an Arrhenius type differential reaction submodel has been implemented to improve numerical convergence and enhance numerical stability. A two parameter turbulence submodel is modified for both gas and solid phases. An evaporation submodel treats not only droplet evaporation but size ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Important steady-state thermohydraulic parameters of the TRIGA research reactor operating under natural convection mode of coolant flow were investigated using NCTRIGA computer code. Neutronic parameters used in preparing the input of NCTRIGA were taken from the analysis performed by 3-D Monte Carlo code MCNP4C. Benchmarking of the NCTRIGA calculated results were performed against the experimental data measured by the thermocouples in the instrumented fuel element (IFE) during the steady state operation of the reactor under natural convection mode of coolant flow. Various thermohydraulic parameters like the coolant velocity, flow rate and mass flow rate were generated for the hot channel as well as for the two channels comprising instrumented fuels. Calculated peak fuel temperatures at different power levels were compared with the measured values and also with the calculations performed by PARET code. Axial temperature profile at the fuel centreline, fuel surface ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The convolution/superposition calculations for radiotherapy dose distributions are traditionally performed by convolving polyenergetic energy deposition kernels with TERMA (total energy released per unit mass) precomputed in each voxel of the irradiated phantom. We propose an alternative method in which the TERMA calculation is replaced by random sampling of photon energy, direction and interaction point. Then, a direction is randomly sampled from the angular distribution of the monoenergetic kernel corresponding to the photon energy. The kernel ray is propagated across the phantom, and energy is deposited in each voxel traversed. An important advantage of the explicit sampling of energy is that spectral changes with depth are automatically accounted for. No spectral or kernel hardening corrections are needed. Furthermore, the continuous sampling of photon direction allows us to model sharp changes in fluence, such as those due to collimator tongue-and-groove. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Element 97 was first produced in December 1949, by the bombardment of americium-241 with accelerated alpha particles. This new element was named berkelium (Bk) after Berkeley, California, the city of its discovery (Thompson, Ghiorso, and Seaborg, Phys. Rev. 77, 838 (1950); 80, 781 (1950)). In the 36 years since the discovery of Bk, a substantial amount of knowledge concerning the physicochemical properties of this relatively scarce transplutonium element has been acquired. All of the Bk isotopes of mass numbers 240 and 242 through 251 are presently known, but only berkelium-249 (..beta../sup -/ decay, 0.125 MeV, t/sub 1/2/ = 325 days) is available in sufficient quantities for bulk chemical studies. About 0.7 gram of this isotope has been isolated at the HFIR/TRU Complex in Oak Ridge, Tennessee in the last 18 years. Over the same time period, the scale of experimental work using berkelium-249 has increased from the tracer level to bulk studies ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We discuss various reactions at future e"+e"- and #gamma##gamma# colliders involving real (beamstrahlung or backscattered laser) or quasi-real (bremsstrahlung) photons in the initial state and hadrons in the final state. The production of two central jets with large transverse momentum p_T is described in some detail; we give distributions for the rapidity and p_T of the jets as well as the di-jet invariant mass, and discuss the relative importance of various initial state configurations and the uncertainties that arise from the at present rather poor knowledge of the parton content of the photon. We also present results for 'mono-jet' production where one jet goes down a beam pipe, for the production of charm, bottom and top quarks, and for single production of W and Z bosons. Where appropriate, the two-photon processes are compared with annihilation reactions leading to similar final states. We also argue that the behaviour of the total inelastic #gamma##gamma# ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Atmospheric Scintillation Effects on Electromagnetic Weapons 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The compositions of the Earth's crust and mantle, and those of the Moon and Mars, are relatively well known both isotopically and elementally. The same is true of our knowledge of the asteroid belt composition, based on meteorite analyses. Remote measurements of Venus, the Jovian atmosphere, and the outer planet moons, have provided some estimates of their compositions. The Sun constitutes a large majority, > 99%, of all the matter in the solar system. The elemental composition of the photosphere, the visible 'surface' of the Sun, is constrained by absorption lines produced by particles above the surface. Abundances for many elements are reported to the {+-}10 or 20% accuracy level. However, the abundances of other important elements, such as neon, cannot be determined in this way due to a relative lack of atomic states at low excitation energies. Additionally and most importantly, the isotopic composition of the Sun cannot be determined astronomically ...

CERN Document Server

We calculate the light `glueball' mass spectrum in N_f=2 lattice QCD using a fermion action that is non--perturbatively O(a) improved. We work at lattice spacings a~0.1 fm and with quark masses that range down to about half the strange quark mass. We find the statistical errors to be moderate and under control on relatively small ensembles. We compare our mass spectrum to that of quenched QCD at the same value of a. Whilst the tensor mass is the same (within errors), the scalar mass is significantly lighter in the dynamical lattice theory, by a factor of ~0.84 +/- 0.03. We discuss what the observed m_q dependence of this suppression tells us about the dynamics of glueballs in QCD. We also calculate the masses of flux tubes that wind around the spatial torus, and extract the string tension from these. As we decrease the quark ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundMass treatment to trachoma endemic communities is a critical part of the World Health Organization SAFE strategy. However, non-participation may not be at random, affecting...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have developed a method for dissecting single neurons from the nematode Ascaris suum, in order to determine their peptide content by mass spectrometry (MS). In this paper,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The first cell lineage specification in mouse embryo development is the formation of trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst. This article is to review and discuss the...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Improved NMR detection of mass limited samples can be obtained by taking advantage of the mass sensitivity of microcoil NMR, while throughput issues can be addressed using multiple, parallel...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) has been explored widely for DNA sequencing. The major requirement for this method is that the DNA sequencing fragments...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The binding mode of telomestatin to G-quadruplex DNA has been investigated using electrospray mass spectrometry, by detecting the intact complexes formed in ammonium acetate. The mass measurements show...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Discrete masses are commonly detected during mammographic screening and most such lesions are benign. For lesions without pathognomonically benign imaging features that are still regarded likely to...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The validation parameters for pharmaceutical analyses were examined for the accelerator mass spectrometry measurement of ¹⁴C/C ratio, independent of chemical separation procedures....Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The near-yrast states of "1"0"1_4_2Mo_5_9 and "1"0"3","4_4_4 Ru_5_9_,_6_0 have been studied following their population via heavy-ion multinucleon transfer reactions between a "1"3"6Xe beam and a thin, self-supporting "1"0"0Mo target. The ground state sequence in "1"0"4Ru can be understood as demonstrating a simple evolution from a quasi-vibrational structure at lower spins to statically deformed, quasi-rotational excitation involving the population of a pair of low-#OMEGA# h_1_1_/_2 neutron orbitals. The effect of the decoupled h_1_1_/_2 orbital on this vibration-to-rotational evolution is demonstrated by an extension of the ''E-GOS'' prescription to include odd-A nuclei. The experimental results are also compared with self-consistent Total Routhian Surface calculations which also highlight the polarising role of the highly aligned neutron h_1_1_/_2 orbital in these nuclei. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The use of n-alkanethiolate self-assembled monolayers on gold has blossomed in the past few years. These systems have functioned as models for common interfaces. Thiolate monolayers are ideal because they are easily modified before or after deposition. The works contained within this dissertation include interfacial characterization (inbred reflection absorption spectroscopy, ellipsometry, contact angle, scanning probe microscopy, and heterogeneous electron-transfer kinetics) and various modeling scenarios. The results of these characterizations present ground-breaking insights into the structure, function, and reproducible preparation of these monolayers. Surprisingly, three interfacial properties (electron-transfer, contact angle, and ellipsometry) were discovered to depend directly on the odd-even character of the monolayer components. Molecular modeling was utilized to investigate adlayer orientation, and suggests that these effects are adlayer structure ...

CERN Document Server

We revisit the production of a single Higgs boson from direct \\gamma \\gamma -scattering at a photon collider. We compute the total cross section \\sigma(\\gamma \\gamma \\to h) (for h=h0, H0, A0), and the strength of the effective g_{h \\gamma \\gamma} coupling normalized to the Standard Model (SM), for both the general Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM) and the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). In both cases the predicted production rates for the CP-even (odd) states render up to 10^4 (10^3) events per 500 \\invfb of integrated luminosity, in full consistency with all the theoretical and phenomenological constraints. Depending on the channel the maximum rates can be larger or smaller than the SM expectations, but in most of the parameter space they should be well measurable. We analyze how these departures depend on the dynamics underlying each of the models, supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric, and highlight the possible distinctive phenomenological ...