obstructed rat kidney: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

Kidney-specific allo- and autoantibodies in the alloantibody response to rat kidney: the use of kidney homogenate as a target for serological analysis.

Alterations in basement membrane components, notably proteoglycans, in a rat model of polycystic kidney disease have been investigated. Rats were fed phenol II (2-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenyl thiazole)...Full Text Available

1994-03-01

3

Excretion of para-aminohippurate in the isolated perfused rat kidney: net secretion and net reabsorption.

LEW anti-DA kidney and DA anti-LEW kidney sera were assayed using an indirect 125I anti-immunoglobulin-binding assay with kidney homogenate as target. This allowed the full spectrum of antibodies to...Full Text Available

1980-04-01

4

Evidence-Based Drainage of Infected Hydronephrosis Secondary to Ureteric Calculi

1. The excretion of para-aminohippurate (PAH) in the isolated perfused rat kidney was examined over a wide range of perfusate PAH concentrations (15 microM to 6 mM). PAH excretion increased steadily...Full Text Available

1988-03-01

5

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Introduction: The obstructed, infected kidney is a urological emergency. It has been accepted that the management of infected hydronephrosis secondary to ureteric stones is through prompt decompression of the collecting system. However, the optimal method of decompression has yet to be established. Materials and Methods: A PubMed and Medline search was performed of all English-language articles from 1960 using key words ?sepsis,?? ?urosepsis,?? ?obstruction,?? ?obstructive pyelonephritis,?? ?pyonephrosis,?? ?infection and hydronephrosis?? ?decompression,?? ?stent,?? ?nephrostomy,?? and ?management.?? The Cochrane database and National Institute for Clinical Effectiveness guidelines were searched using the terms ?sepsis,?? ?urosepsis,?? ?stent,?? ?nephrostomy,?? or ?obstruction.?? ...

2010-01-01

6

Effects of the Feeding Mixed Oils with Various Level of n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid on the Lipid Components of Liver, Brain, Testis and Kidney in Dietary Hyperlipidemic Rats

Long-term effects of inhaled uranyl nitrate in rats

Full Text Available

1993-12-01

7

Short-term toxicological evaluation of Terminalia catappa, Pentaclethra macrophylla and Calophyllum inophyllum seed oils in rats

Rats were exposed to aerosols of "2"3"3U and "2"3"2U nitrate in a study of the long-term biological effects. Preliminary radiation dose estimates show lung > skeleton > kidney in each dose group.

1977-05-01

8

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicological effects of feeding the oils of Calophyllum inophyllum, Pentaclethra macrophylla and Terminalia catappa to rats. The effects on physical appearance, feed intake, weight gain, plasma and tissue cholesterol and triacyglycerol levels in rats with 5% of the oils in normal rat feed were determined. Weekly monitoring of the rats showed good physical appearance and steady weight gain, with no mortality recorded for the period of the study. Haematological analysis of the rats indicated that they were not anaemic. Histopathotogical examination of the sections of the heart, liver, kidney and spleen revealed moderate (T. catappa oil) to severe fatty change and necrosis in the liver. Glomerulonephrotic changes in the kidneys of rats fed with T...

2008-01-01

9

Depression of calcium pump activity in renal cortex of vitamin D-deficient rats with secondary hyperparathyroidism

Depression of calcium pump activity in renal cortex of vitamin D-deficient rats with secondary hyperparathyroidism

To examine the hormonal regulation of the ATP-dependent Ca{sup 2+} pump in the kidneys, the ATP-dependent Ca{sup 2+} uptake by the basolateral membrane vesicles in the renal cortex was measured using radioactive calcium ({sup 45}Ca{sup 2+}) in rats with vitamin D deficiency or rats undergoing thyroparathyroidectomy. The V{sub max} of the Ca{sup 2+} pump activity was increased not only by administering calcitriol, but also by normalizing the serum calcium level in vitamin D-deficient rats. PTH suppressed the Ca{sup 2+} pump activity in normocalcemic vitamin D-deficient rats. Thyroparathyroidectomy did not affect the Ca{sup 2+} pump activity in the kidneys of normal rats. It was concluded that the ATP-dependent Ca{sup 2+} pump activity was depressed by secondary hyperparathyroidism in vitamin D-deficient rats. (author).

1990-01-01

10

Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome: uterus didelphys, blind hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Sonographic and MR findings in 11 cases

To examine the hormonal regulation of the ATP-dependent Ca"2"+ pump in the kidneys, the ATP-dependent Ca"2"+ uptake by the basolateral membrane vesicles in the renal cortex was measured using radioactive calcium ("4"5Ca"2"+) in rats with vitamin D deficiency or rats undergoing thyroparathyroidectomy. The V_m_a_x of the Ca"2"+ pump activity was increased not only by administering calcitriol, but also by normalizing the serum calcium level in vitamin D-deficient rats. PTH suppressed the Ca"2"+ pump activity in normocalcemic vitamin D-deficient rats. Thyroparathyroidectomy did not affect the Ca"2"+ pump activity in the kidneys of normal rats. It was concluded that the ATP-dependent Ca"2"+ pump activity was depressed by secondary hyperparathyroidism in vitamin D-deficient rats. (author).

11

Effects of bladder outlet obstruction on properties of Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels in rat bladder

Uterus didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis is a rare entity, sometimes referred to as Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome (HWW). It usually presents after menarche with progressive pelvic pain, sometimes with regular menses, and a palpable mass due to hemihaematocolpos. The diagnosis is generally made only if the suspicion of this genitourinary syndrome is raised. To highlight the imaging diagnostic clues in this rare condition. We report on 11 adolescents with this condition. Sonography mostly allowed the correct diagnosis by showing uterovaginal duplication, haematocolpos or haematometrocolpos, and the absence of the ipsilateral kidney. MRI provided more detailed information regarding uterine morphology, the continuity with each vaginal channel (obstructed and nonobstructed), and the bloody nature of the contents. Early and accurate diagnosis of this syndrome is important so that adequate and ...

2007-07-15

12

Kinetics of lead retention and distribution in suckling and adult rats

In this study, we investigated the effects of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) on the expression and function of large conductance (BK) and small conductance (SK) Ca²⁺-activated K⁺...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

13

Immunolocalization of phospho-S6 kinases: a new way to detect mitosis in tissue sections and in cell culture

The kinetics of lead distribution was studied in suckling and adult rats 8 days after a single intraperitoneal injection of "2"0"3Pb. Marked differences were observed in the kinetics of lead retention and distribution in suckling as compared to adult rats. The rate of "2"0"3Pb disappearance was lower in the whole body, blood and kidneys, but higher in the liver, while the deposition processes predominated in the brain, femur and teeth of sucklings as compared to adult animals. (auth).

14

Protective effects of long term dietary restriction on swimming exercise-induced oxidative stress in the liver, heart and kidney of rat

During a study on the mTor pathway in the rat kidney we observed a striking increase of the phosphorylation of the S6 kinase in mitosis. In cryostat sections of perfusion-fixed tissue mitotic cells...Full Text Available

2007-02-01

15

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that long term dietary restriction would have beneficial effects on the oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme systems in liver, heart and kidney in adult male rats undergoing different intensities of swimming exercise. Sixty male, Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned as either dietary restricted on every other week day (DR) or fed ad libitum (AL) groups, and each group was further subdivided into sedentary, endurance swimming exercise training (submaximal exercise) and exhaustive swimming exercise (maximal exercise) groups. Animals in the submaximal exercise group swam 5 days/week for 8 weeks, while maximal exercise was performed as an acute bout of exercise. In parallel with the increase in the intensity of the exercise, the degree of lipid peroxi...

2007-01-01

16

Vascular filtration function in galactose-fed versus diabetic rats: The role of polyol pathway activity

Role of intrathecal tachykinins for micturition in unanaesthetized rats with and without bladder outlet obstruction.

These studies were undertaken to assess the effects of increased galactose (v increased glucose) metabolism via the polyol pathway on vascular filtration function in the kidneys, eyes, nerves, and aorta. Quantitative radiolabeled tracer techniques were used to assess glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and regional tissue vascular clearance of plasma 131I-bovine serum albumin (BSA) in five groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats: nondiabetic controls, streptozotocin-diabetic rats, nondiabetic rats fed a 50% galactose diet, diabetic rats treated with sorbinil (an aldose reductase inhibitor), and galactose-fed rats treated with sorbinil. Sorbinil was added to the diet to provide a daily dose of approximately .2 mmol/kg body weight. After 2 months of diabetes or galactose ingestion, albumin clearance was increased twofold to fourfold in the eye (anterior uvea, choroid, and ...

1990-07-01

17

Redistribution and increased brain uptake of lead in rats after treatment with diethyldithiocarbamate

1. The effects on micturition of RP 67,580, a selective NK1 receptor antagonist, and SR 48,968, a highly, potent antagonist at NK2 receptor sites, given intrathecally (i.t.) or intra-arterially (i.a.)...Full Text Available

1994-09-01

18

Postnatal food restriction in the rat as a model for a low nephron endowment.

Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), a chelating agent, is an active metabolite of disulfiram (Antabus) and is used in the rubber industry. The effect of DDTC on the tissue distribution of "2"0"3Pb was studied in rats. Two groups of rats were given an i.v. injection of 100 #mu#Ci "2"0"3Pb (28.6 nmol/kg b.wt.) as lead acetate. After 10 min one group received 2 mmol/kg b.wt. of DDTC as an i.p. injection. Rats were killed 4 and 72 h after injection of "2"0"3Pb and tissue concentration and excretion of "2"0"3Pb was determined by gamma counting. The brain concentration of "2"0"3Pb in DDTC-treated rats was nine times higher than in controls after 4 h and 14 times higher after 72 h. Treatment with DDTC also increased the lead concentration in fat about seven times at both survival intervals. On the other hand, uptake of "2"0"3Pb in bone was reduced by treatment with DDTC and at 4 h also kidney ...

19

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

A low nephron endowment may be associated with hypertension. Nephrogenesis is the process that leads to the formation of nephrons until week 36 of gestation in humans and may be inhibited by many factors like intrauterine growth restriction and premature birth. To study the consequences of a low glomerular number, animal models have been developed. We describe a model of postnatal food restriction in the rat in which litter size is increased to 20 pups, which leads to growth restriction. In the rat, active nephrogenesis continues until postnatal day 8, which coincides with the growth restriction in our model. Design-based stereological methods were used to estimate glomerular number and volume. Our results show an approximately 25% lower glomerular number in rats after postnatal food restriction (30,800 glomeruli/kidney) compared with control rats (39,600 ...

2006-01-01

20

Radioprotective effects of Liv.52 and tissue-reduced glutathione (GSH) in experimental rats

Influence of dietary amino acids on lead absorption

The radioprotective effects of Liv.52 on tissue-reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were studied in rats. Adult female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to whole body gamma radiation of 4 Gy and 8 Gy. Prior to radiation exposure, Liv.52 was fed, one ml per rat, daily for 15 days. Three days after radiation exposure, reduced glutathione levels in the liver, spleen, kidney and blood were studied. Liv.52 was beneficial in restoring the spleen weight to body weigh t ratio in the animals of the 4 Gy group. In the spleen and liver, Liv.52 helped to restore reduced glutathione in sub-lethally exposed rats. Blood-reduced glutathione was found to be normal in both groups of experimental rats who received Liv.52. The above results exhibit the radioprotective effects of Liv.52 in relation to tissue-reduced glutathione in experimental rats exposed to ...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

21

Amazon.com: \\

Wastenet

...Key Phrase page for Kidney Failure: Books containing the phrase Kidney Failure Kidney Failure,Key Phrase Kidney Failure,Books containing Kidney Failure,Amazon....com: \\

22

K Depletion Enhances the Extracellular Ca²+-Induced Inhibition of the Apical K Channels in the Mtal of Rat Kidney

Dietary supplements of about 5 g/kg of a number of amino acids increased tissue lead concentrations in newly weaned rats but decreased them in older rats. The retention of both oral and intraperitoneal lead was affected. The uptake of "2"0"3Pb by tissues was reduced when methionine was given in the diet over a period of 5 weeks or when it or ethionine was given by mouth 24 h before the activity was measured. In the liver the fraction of the total activity found in the nuclei and mitochondria was increased by methionine, but in the kidney only the fraction found in nuclei was increased.

23

Early disposition of inhaled uranyl nitrate ("2"3"2U and "2"3"3U) in rats

We have shown previously that raising extracellular Ca²+ inhibited the apical 70-pS K channel in the thick ascending limb (TAL; Wang, W.H., M. Lu, and S.C. Hebert. 1996. Am....Full Text Available

2002-01-01

24

Inhibition of Metabolism of Diethylene Glycol Prevents Target Organ Toxicity in Rats

Uranyl nitrate ("2"3"3U) was retained mainly in lung, skeleton, pelt and kidney 60 days after inhalation exposure. The concentration in lung exceeded that in other tissues. Preliminary results with "2"3"2U indicate retention in lung similar to that of "2"3"3U, at total deposited mass levels of 0.1 #mu#g or less.

1977-05-01

25

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Diethylene glycol (DEG) is an industrial chemical, the misuse of which has led to numerous epidemic poisonings worldwide. The mechanism of its toxicity has not been defined as to the precise relationship between the metabolism of DEG and target organ toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism for the acute toxicity of DEG, and the effect of the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor 4-methylpyrazole (fomepizole), by determining the relationship between accumulation of DEG or its metabolites and the resulting kidney and liver toxicity. Rats were treated by oral gavage with water, 2 g/kg DEG (low dose), 10 g/kg DEG (high dose), or 10 g/kg DEG + fomepizole, and blood and urine were collected over 48 h. Rats treated with high-dose DEG had metabolic acidosis, increased BUN an...

2010-01-01

26

The kinetics of the tissue distribution of silver nanoparticles of different sizes

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Blood kinetics and tissue distribution of 20, 80 and 110 nm silver nanoparticles were investigated in rats up to 16 days after intravenous administration once daily for 5 consecutive days. Following both single and repeated injection, silver nanoparticles disappeared rapidly from the blood and distributed to all organs evaluated (liver, lungs, spleen, brain, heart, kidneys and testes) regardless of size. The 20 nm particles distributed mainly to liver, followed by kidneys and spleen, whereas the larger particles distributed mainly to spleen followed by liver and lung. In the other organs evaluated, no major differences between the sizes were observed. Size-dependent tissue distribution suggests size-dependent toxicity and health risks. Repeated administration resulted in accumulation in li...

2010-01-01

27

A Study of PRT-201 Administered Immediately After Arteriovenous Fistula Creation in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Protective role of selenium against renal toxicity induced by cadmium in rats

Chronic Kidney Disease

2011-07-19

28

Preparation and biodistribution of yttrium-90 lipiodol in rats following hepatic arterial injection

Cadmium is an environmental toxic metal implicated in human diseases. The mechanism of its toxicity is not fully understood. Therefore, the role of cadmium in renal toxicity, and the protective role of selenium against this toxicity were investigated. Forty-five male rats were used through out the study and divided into three groups of 15. The first group received saline solution daily for 10 days. The second group, received cadmium chloride (CdCl_2) (2 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally daily for a period of 10 days. The third group, received sodium selenite (1 mg/kg body weight, twice a day) and CdCl_2 (once a day) for a period of 10 days. The results showed that cadmium treatment increased renal lipid peroxidation (measured as malondialdehyde, MDA) which was associated with a significant decrease in the antioxidant systems such as reduced glutathione levels and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). On the other hand, ...

2007-06-25

29

cDNA cloning, sequence analysis and organ distribution of horse preproendothelin-2.

We labelled Lipiodol with yttrium-90 and analysed the biodistribution in rats after intrahepatic arterial injection. An RP-18 column was used to separate {sup 90}Y from strontium-90. {sup 90}Y was retained on the column, which had been pretreated with yttrium-selective extraction reagent, di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, while {sup 90}Sr was washed out. A hexadentate nitrogen-donor chelating ligand N,N,N`,N`-tetrakis(2-benzymidazolylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (EDTB) was synthesized by condensation of 1,2-benzenediamine and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA). Lipiodol was covalently conjugated with EDTB. The final product was obtained by eluting the retained {sup 90}Y from the RP-18 column with EDTB-Lipiodol. Sixteen male rats (Sprague-Dawley) were sacrificed at 1 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (four rats at each time) after injection of approximately 0.1 mCi {sup 90}Y-Lipiodol via the hepatic artery. Samples of liver, spleen, ...

1995-03-01

30

High-affinity lead binding proteins in rat kidney cytosol mediate cell-free nuclear translocation of lead

We cloned and characterized horse preproendothelin-2 (PPET-2) cDNA from intestinal tissue. The cDNA encoded 178 amino acids of the PPET-2 polypeptide, in which a 21-amino-acid mature endothelin-2 peptide and a 16-amino acid endothelin-2-like peptide were found. For the open reading frame the correspondence of horse PPET-2 cDNA with those of the ferret, human, dog, mouse and rat was 85.1%, 84.9%, 82.1%, 77.8% and 77.2%, respectively. Analysis of the organ distribution of PPET-2 mRNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the kidney, stomach and small intestine are major sites of expression of the PPET-2 gene. Surprisingly, the mRNA is not detected in the large intestine, where high expression is demonstrated in the mouse and rat. This difference may result from the underlying functional differences of the large intestine between a herbivore (horse) and an omnivore (mouse and ...

2004-11-01

31

High-affinity lead binding proteins in rat kidney cytosol mediate cell-free nuclear translocation of lead

The PbII binding characteristics of the previously reported PbII binding proteins of rat kidney cytosol were investigated further. Saturation and Scatchard analysis of /sup 203/Pb binding in whole cytosol and in 40% saturated ammonium sulfate precipitated fractions disclosed a class of relatively high-affinity sites with an apparent Kd of approximately 50 nM and binding capacities of approximately 41 and 9 pmol/mg of protein, respectively. Two /sup 203/Pb binding proteins with approximate molecular masses of 63K and 11.5K daltons and a high molecular weight component (greater than 200K) were isolated by Sepharose-6B column chromatography. The time course of association of /sup 203/Pb with cytosol and the 63K protein showed maximum binding at 18 hr which was stable up to 25 hr at 4 degrees C. The approximate half-time dissociation rate (T 1/2) of specifically bound /sup 203/Pb to the 63K protein was 100 min at 4 degrees C whereas the 11.5K ...

1985-02-01

32

Clofibrate-induced cytochrome P450-lauric acid omega hydroxylase(P450LA omega):purification, cDNA cloning, sequence and regulation

The PbII binding characteristics of the previously reported PbII binding proteins of rat kidney cytosol were investigated further. Saturation and Scatchard analysis of "2"0"3Pb binding in whole cytosol and in 40% saturated ammonium sulfate precipitated fractions disclosed a class of relatively high-affinity sites with an apparent Kd of approximately 50 nM and binding capacities of approximately 41 and 9 pmol/mg of protein, respectively. Two "2"0"3Pb binding proteins with approximate molecular masses of 63K and 11.5K daltons and a high molecular weight component (greater than 200K) were isolated by Sepharose-6B column chromatography. The time course of association of "2"0"3Pb with cytosol and the 63K protein showed maximum binding at 18 hr which was stable up to 25 hr at 4 degrees C. The approximate half-time dissociation rate (T 1/2) of specifically bound "2"0"3Pb to the 63K protein was 100 min at 4 degrees C whereas the 11.5K protein showed ...

33

American Journal of Kidney Diseases - Elsevier

A cytochrome P450 that hydroxylates lauric acid at the 12 position (P450LA omega) was isolated from liver microsomes of clofibrate treated rats. P450LA omega was immunologically distinct from P450s a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,j,PB1, and PCN1. Polyclonal antibody against P450LA omega was utilized to screen a gt11 cDNA library. A clone (pP450LA omega), was isolated and its sequence determined. The P450LA omega mRNA is a minimum 2387 nts in length and codes for a P450 of Mr.58,222 daltons. This protein shares less than 35% amino acid similarity with P450s b,c,d,e,f,PB1, and PCN1; however, it does contain a hydrophobic amino terminal peptide and a conserved sequence surrounding the Cys residue at position 456, which is similar to other microsomal P450s. P450LA omega is present at high levels in untreated rat kidney and is induced by clofibrate in both kidney and liver. This induction is the result of an accumulation of ...

1986-05-01

34

Wastenet

...American Journal of Kidney Diseases-The American Journal of Kidney Diseases (AJKD), the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, is ... American Journal of Kidney Diseases - Elsevier Home Products User Resources About Us Support & Contact Elsevier Websites Advanced Product ...Search Browse Journals American Journal of Kidney Diseases American Journal of Kidney Diseases Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation Additional Information Related Publications ...Article Tracking for Editors Reviewers Advertisers/Sponsors Advertisers Media Kit Societies National Kidney Foundation ISSN: 0272-6386 Imprint: SAUNDERS Actions Submit ...

35

In vitro assessment of the agonist properties of the novel 5-HT_1_A receptor ligand, CUMI-101 (MMP), in rat brain tissue

Glycoconjugates Properties of the Kidney in the Hibernating Chipmunks

Introduction: Development of agonist positron emission tomography (PET) radioligands for the 5-HT neurotransmitter system is an important target to enable the understanding of human 5-HT function in vivo. ["1"1C]CUMI-101, proposed as the first 5-HT_1_A receptor agonist PET ligand, has been reported to behave as a potent 5-HT_1_A agonist in a cellular system stably expressing human recombinant 5-HT_1_A receptors. In this study, we investigate the agonist properties of CUMI-101 in rat brain tissue. Methods: ["3"5S]-GTP#gamma#S binding studies were used to determine receptor function in HEK (human embryonic kidney) 293 cells transfected with human recombinant 5-HT_1_A receptors and in rat cortex and rat hippocampal tissue, following administration of CUMI-101 and standard 5-HT1A antagonists (5-HT, 5-CT and 8-OH-DPAT). Results: CUMI-101 behaved as an agonist at human recombinant 5-HT_1_A receptors (pEC_5_0 ...

2011-02-01

36

Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease - Elsevier

Full Text Available

2008-09-01

37

Wastenet

...Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease-The purpose of Advances Chronic Kidney Disease is to provide in-depth, scholarly review articles about the care and mana ... Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease - Elsevier Home Products User Resources About Us Support & Contact Elsevier Websites Advanced Product ...Search Browse Journals Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease Additional Information Related Publications Editorial Board Journal Online e- Alert Readers ...year: 6 Tips Title This is my tip content Visit Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease Online! The purpose of Advances Chronic Kidney Disease is ...

38

Isolation of functional mitochondria from rat kidney and skeletal muscle without manual homogenization

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Isolation of functional and intact mitochondria from solid tissue is crucial for studies that focus on the elucidation of normal mitochondrial physiology and/or mitochondrial dysfunction in conditions such as aging, diabetes, and cancer. There is growing recognition of the importance of mitochondria both as targets for drug development and as off-target mediators of drug side effects. Unfortunately, mitochondrial isolation from tissue is generally carried out using homogenizer-based methods that require extensive operator experience to obtain reproducible high-quality preparations. These methods limit dissemination, impede scale-up, and contribute to difficulties in reproducing experimental results over time and across laboratories. Here we describe semiautomated methods to disrupt tissue ...

2011-01-01

39

Obstructive Jaundice after Bilioenteric Anastomosis: Transhepatic and Direct Percutaneous Enteral Stent Insertion for Afferent Loop Occlusion

Pattern of Acute Intestinal Obstruction: Is There a Change in the Underlying Etiology?

Recurrent tumour after radical pancreaticoduodenectomy may cause obstruction of the small bowel loop draining the liver. Roux-loop obstruction presents a particular therapeutic challenge, since the...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

40

Bladder outlet obstruction in male cystinuria mice

Background/Aim:To study the changing pattern of acute intestinal obstruction at a teaching institute.Patients and Methods:It is...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

41

Anesthetic considerations of central airway obstruction

BackgroundCystinuria is the most common inherited cause of urinary tract stones in children. It can lead to obstructive uropathy, which is a major cause of renal...Full Text Available

2010-03-01

42

Hemoglobin radiolabeling: in vitro and in vivo comparison of iodine labeling with iodogen and a new method for technetium labeling

Central airway obstruction (CAO) is a serious presentation of lung cancer and associated chest diseases. It presents a real challenge to the anesthesiologist because usually the patient admitted to...Full Text Available

2011-07-01

43

Altered lauric acid metabolism in renal microsomes from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)

The present investigation compares the suitability of two radiolabeling techniques for hemoglobin. "1"2"5I labeling of hemoglobin with Iodogen as iodinating agent caused major changes in the chromatographic behaviour and an accelerated plasma clearance of the labeled hemoglobin in rats. A recently developed two-step procedure for "9"9"mTc labeling gave better results. The label had only minimal influence on the chromatographic behaviour of hemoglobin. In vivo, no free label occurred in the circulation and no transfer of the label to other plasma proteins took place. The plasma clearance of "9"9"mTc-labeled hemoglobin in rats was slowed. However, this could be explained entirely by diminishing glomerular filtration, probably by inhibition of the dissociation of the hemoglobin molecule into dimers. The plasma clearance of hemoglobin modified by intramolecular cross-linking, which prevents dissociation of the molecule into dimers and thus ...

44

Therapeutic value of sesame oil in the treatment of adhesive small bowel obstruction.

Studies investigated whether changes in omega- and (omega-1)-hydroxylation (OH) of lauric acid (LA) occurred in renal microsomes prepared from SHR compared to Wistar-Kyoto (WK) control rats. Systolic blood pressure in age-matched adult SHR and WKR were 189 +/- 3 and 123 +/- 4 mm Hg(anti X +/- SE) respectively (p < 0.001). No significant differences between SHR and WKR were seen in body weight, kidney weight or renal microsomal protein content. Renal microsomes, prepared from whole kidneys, were incubated with 10 mM NADPH and ["1"4C]LA at concentrations between 5-50 #mu#M. The 11- and 12-OH metabolites of LA were separated by HPLC using a reverse phase column with a methanol:water:acetic acid (62:37.8:0.2) mobile phase. Apparent (app) V/sub max/ values for 12-OH in WKR and SHR were 0.87 +/- 0.19 vs 1.48 +/- .11 nmoles/mg protein/min (p < 0.05), respectively, while values for 11-OH were 0.51 +/- 0.12 vs 0.60 +/- .07, ...

1986-04-13

45

Successful treatment of stereotactic body radiation therapy combined with transarterial chemolipiodolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with biliary obstruction.

PMID:20113698

2010-02-01

46

US EPA Pesticide Use Site Index: Alphabetical List of ...

Full Text Available

2011-03-01

47

Knockdown of Bicaudal C in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Causes Cystic Kidneys: A Nonmammalian Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease

... BEAN, KIDNEY X X X X 06 VEGETABLE, LEGUME, GROUP BEAN, KIDNEY, SEED ... CATTLE, KIDNEY X 99 NO GROUP NAME CATTLE, LIVER ...

2007-10-26

48

Heritability of Measures of Kidney Disease Among Zuni Indians: The Zuni Kidney Project

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease in humans and is characterized by progressive cyst formation, renal enlargement, and abnormal tubular development....Full Text Available

2010-04-01

49

Development of Korean Academy of Medical Sciences Guideline Rating the Physical Impairment; Kidney, Bladder, Urethra, Male and Female Reproductive Systems (Preliminary Report)

BackgroundThe long-term goal of the GKDZI (Genetics of Kidney Disease in Zuni Indians) Study is to identify genes, environmental factors, and genetic-environmental...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

50

Metals and kidney autoimmunity.

For the evaluation of the kidney impairment, serum creatinine concentrations or glomerular filtration rates are mainly used, and the conditions of solitary or transplanted kidney and chronic dialysis...Full Text Available

2009-05-01

51

Chronic kidney disease in children: the global perspective

The causes of autoimmune responses leading to human kidney pathology remain unknown. However, environmental agents such as microorganisms and/or xenobiotics are good candidates for that role. Metals,...Full Text Available

1999-10-01

52

Comparative tissue distribution and excretion of orally administered ["3H]diacetoxyscirpenol (anguidine) in rats and mice

In contrast to the increasing availability of information pertaining to the care of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) from large-scale observational and interventional studies, epidemiological...Full Text Available

2007-12-01

53

4-week oral toxicity study of a combination of eight chemicals in rats: comparison with the toxicity of the individual compounds.

A quantitative comparison of tissue distribution and excretion of an orally administered sublethal dose of [3H]diacetoxyscirpenol (anguidine) was made in rats and mice 90 min, 24 hr, and 7 days after treatment. Total recoveries of 95-100% were obtained. Approximately 90% of the dose was excreted in urine and feces during the first 24 hr with a feces:urine ratio of about 1:4.5 in both species. Carcass and tissue radioactivity dropped rapidly during the first 24 hr but remained relatively constant at low, but detectable, levels over the course of the experiment. Few substantive interspecies differences were noted in tissue distribution. At 90 min the highest percentage of dose was in tissues involved in sequestering diacetoxyscirpenol because of high body water/lipid content or the absorption, metabolism, or excretion of the toxin. The rank order of these tissues was generally stable over the course of the experiment. When data were expressed as specific ...

54

Urinary Outflow Obstruction Increases Apoptosis and Deregulates Bcl-2 and Bax Expression in the Fetal Ovine Bladder

In a 4-wk oral toxicity study, 4-wk-old male and female Wistar rats were exposed to a combination of arbitrarily chosen chemicals comprising sodium metabisulphite, Mirex, Loperamide, metaldehyde, di-n-octyltin dichloride, stannous chloride, lysinoalanine and potassium nitrite. The dose levels used were based on the "no-observed-adverse-effect level" (NOAEL) and the "minimum-observed-adverse-effect level" (MOAEL) of the individual compounds obtained in similar studies with Wistar rats previously performed at TNO-CIVO, and comprised 0 (controls), 1/10 and 1/3 of the NOAEL, the NOAEL and the MOAEL. In comparison with the adverse effects of the individual compounds, both more severe and less severe adverse effects were observed at the MOAEL of the combined compounds, indicating interaction of effects at this exposure level. Slightly decreased haemoglobin content and slightly increased relative kidney weight were the only ...

1990-09-01

55

The costs of hospitalization in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

During organogenesis, net growth of tissues is determined by a balance between proliferation, hypertrophy, and apoptotic death. Human fetal bladder outflow obstruction is a major cause of end-stage...Full Text Available

2003-04-01

56

Smooth Muscle Hypertrophy Following Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction Is Associated with Overexpression of Non-Muscle Caldesmon

Introduction:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major public health problem. It imparts a substantial economic burden on individuals and society. Acute exacerbations...Full Text Available

57

Pulmonary Function and the Risk of Functional Limitation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) induces remodeling of urinary bladder smooth muscle (detrusor). We demonstrate an increase in bladder wall mass, muscle bundle size, and a threefold increase...Full Text Available

2004-02-01

58

Prolonged Airway Obstruction after Posterior Occipitocervical Fusion: A Case Report and Literature Review

The authors’ objective was to analyze the impact of respiratory impairment on the risk of physical functional limitations among adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)....Full Text Available

2008-05-01

59

Palliation of malignant esophageal obstruction and fistulas with self expandable metallic stents

The purpose of this paper was to inform the reader that prolonged upper airway obstruction after posterior cervical spine surgery is a possible complication for patients with metastatic tumor of upper...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

60

Mid-trimester diagnosis of bladder neck obstruction by ultrasound and paracentesis.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of self expandable metallic stents (SEMS) in patients with malignant esophageal obstruction and fistulas.METHODS: SEMS were implanted in the presence of fluoroscopic...Full Text Available

2010-12-07

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

61

Memory Before and After Sleep in Patients with Moderate Obstructive Sleep Apnea

A bladder neck obstruction was suspected after ultrasound investigation at 16 weeks' gestation. Evaluation of protein content in the amniotic fluid, fetal ascites, and fluid from the overdistended bladder...Full Text Available

1983-06-01

62

Lower Urinary Obstruction in Infancy

Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on procedural and declarative memory encoding in the evening prior to sleep, on memory...Full Text Available

2009-12-15

63

Living and dying with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: multi-perspective longitudinal qualitative study

This paper reviews 165 cases of lower urinary obstruction in infancy. The commonest lesions were posterior urethral valves (91) and ectopic ureterocele (34), stenosis or atresia of the urethra (8),...Full Text Available

1972-04-01

64

Investigation of Early Protein Changes in the Urinary Bladder Following Partial Bladder Outlet Obstruction by Proteomic Approach

Objectives To understand the perspectives of people with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as their illness progresses, and of their informal and professional carers,...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

65

Giant vesical diverticulum: A rare cause of defecation disturbance

We investigated the pathophysiological mechanism by proteomic approach as a possible tool to detect the marker proteins to develop lower urinary tract symptoms following bladder outlet obstruction (BOO)....Full Text Available

2005-12-01

66

Gastrointestinal obstruction due to plaster ingestion: a case-report

Vesical diverticula frequently result from bladder outlet obstructions. However, giant vesical diverticula which cause acute abdomen or intestinal obstruction are very rare. Our review of the English...Full Text Available

2009-08-21

67

Diagnostic Dilemma in an Unusual Case of Common Bile Duct Obstruction

BackgroundPlaster ingestion forming gastric bezoar is a strange way to attempt suicide and this method has not yet been reported. It may lead to a mechanical obstruction of the gut,...Full Text Available

68

Clinical perspective on aztreonam lysine for inhalation in patients with cystic fibrosis

Biliary obstructions are rarely caused by a foreign body and have received sparse attention. We present an unusual case with pruritis and abdominal pain caused by impacted full length surgical gauze...Full Text Available

2011-06-01

69

ALTERATION OF THE PKC-MEDIATED SIGNALING PATHWAY FOR SMOOTH MUSCLE CONTRACTION IN OBSTRUCTION-INDUCED HYPERTROPHY OF THE URINARY BLADDER

Progressive obstructive lung disease is a characteristic component of cystic fibrosis (CF). It is the pulmonary manifestations, including obstruction and endobronchial infection, which directly contribute...Full Text Available

70

A possible role of decreased relaxation mediated by beta-adrenoceptors in bladder outlet obstruction by benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Normal urinary bladder function requires contraction and relaxation of the detrusor smooth muscle (DSM). The DSM undergoes compensatory hypertrophy in response to partial bladder outlet obstruction...Full Text Available

2009-07-01

71

A newly designed big cup nitinol stent for gastric outlet obstruction

1. To explore mechanisms of urinary obstruction in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the features of contraction and relaxation in human hyperplastic and non-hyperplastic (control) prostatic tissues...Full Text Available

1992-11-01

72

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Rabbit Kidney after Renal Vein Ligation

AIM: To find out whether a newly designed big cup nitinol stent is suitable for treatment of patients with gastric outlet obstruction resulting from gastric cancer.METHODS: The new stent is composed...Full Text Available

2010-09-07

73

Lead-203 for skeletal imaging

Full Text Available

1993-05-01

74

... biological variability body distribution kidneys labelled compounds lead 203

75

Ectopic Ureter

... such as renal flow scan or a formal kidney X-ray, called an intravenous pyelogram ( IVP ), may help ...

76

Prostatectomy

Innovar-Vet as an intramuscular anesthetic for rats.

This paper deals with the indications for prostatectomy; the differential diagnosis of the symptomatology of bladder neck obstruction; and the factors influencing the choice of operation....Full Text Available

1973-05-01

77

Medline Plus

... Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) Crohn's Disease Cystic Fibrosis Depression Diabetes - Eye Complications Diabetes - Foot Care Diabetes - Introduction Diabetes - ...

78

Malignant duodenal obstructions: palliative treatment with covered expandable nitinol stent

PMID:6621366

1983-11-01

79

Closed loop obstructions of the small bowel: role of Computed Tomography

To evaluate the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of using a polyurethane-covered expandable nitinol stent in the palliative treatment of malignant duodenal obstruction. Under fluoroscopic guidance, a polyurethane-covered expandable nitinol stent was placed in 12 consecutive patients with malignant duodenal obstructions. All presented with severe nausea and recurrent vomiting. The underlying causes of obstruction were duodenal carcinoma (n=4), pancreatic carcinoma (n=4), gall bladder carcinoma (n=2), distal CBD carcinoma (n=1), and uterine cervical carcinoma (n=1). The sites of obstruction were part I (n=1), part II (n=8), and III (n=3). Due to pre-existing jaundice, eight patients with part II obstructions underwent biliary decompression prior to stent placement. An introducer sheath with a 6-mm outer diameter and stents 16 mm in diameter were employed, and to place the stent, ...

2002-04-01

80

The N alpha-acetylenkephalin carboxypeptidase activity of N-acetyltyrosine deacetylase from monkey kidney. Purification, characterization and substrate specificity.

Small bowel obstructions can be distinguished into more simple and closed loop obstructions. The latter is a more severe condition which is often complicated by strangulation with vascular impairment, edema and intramural and mesenteric hemorrhage. Consequent arterial insufficiency rapidly leads to ischemia, infarction and necrosis. The radiologist plays a role in the early recognition of the closed loop obstruction and of any sign of strangulation. The role of CT in the diagnosis and workup of patients with suspected intestinal occlusion has been analyzed in the literature with reported 63% sensitivity, 78% specificity and 66% accuracy. CT is also capable of revealing the causes of occlusion in 73-95% of cases. The above CT signs allow to identify closed loop obstruction and also small bowel strangulation, thus supplying a valuable contribution to diagnosis and accurate preoperative evaluation. The ...

1999-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

81

Sleep and Fatigue Symptoms in Children and Adolescents With CKD: A Cross-sectional Analysis From the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) Study

N alpha-Acetylenkephalin carboxypeptidase was co-purified with N-acetyltyrosine deacetylase from monkey kidney. Almost 90% of the activity from the homogenate was recovered in a high-speed supernatant...Full Text Available

1983-02-01

82

Relation of Kidney Function and Albuminuria with Atrial Fibrillation (From the Heart and Soul Study)

BackgroundAlthough symptoms of sleepiness and fatigue are common among adults with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), little is known about the prevalence of these symptoms...Full Text Available

2010-02-01

83

RXR activators molecular signalling: involvement of a PPAR?-dependent pathway in the liver and kidney, evidence for an alternative pathway in the heart

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but the relationship between more modest decrements in kidney function or albuminuria with AF is uncertain. Among 956 outpatients...Full Text Available

2009-12-01

84

Prevalence of Renal Artery and Kidney Abnormalities by Computed Tomography among Healthy Adults

In this study we compared the molecular signalling elicited by rexinoids, selective retinoid X receptor (RXR)-activators, in several organs (i.e. liver, kidney,...Full Text Available

2003-03-01

85

Physical Activity and Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease (NHANES III)

Background and objectives: Management of incidental renal artery and kidney abnormalities in patients undergoing computed tomography scans is a clinical challenge because their frequency in healthy...Full Text Available

2010-03-01

86

Long-term risk of mortality after acute kidney injury in patients with sepsis: a contemporary analysis

Background and objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with impaired physical activity. However, it is unclear whether the associations of physical activity with mortality are modified...Full Text Available

2009-12-01

87

Kidney Function Influences Warfarin Responsiveness and Hemorrhagic Complications

BackgroundAcute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with increased short-term mortality of septic patients; however, the exact influence of AKI on long-term mortality in such patients...Full Text Available

88

Health Literacy and Access to Kidney Transplantation

Although management of warfarin is challenging for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), no prospective studies have compared response to warfarin among patients with minimal, moderate, and severe...Full Text Available

2009-04-01

89

Evidence of linkage disequilibrium in the Spanish polycystic kidney disease I population.

Background and objectives: Few studies have examined health literacy in patients with end stage kidney disease. We hypothesized that inadequate health literacy in a hemodialysis population is common...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

90

Delivered dose of renal replacement therapy and mortality in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury

Forty-one Spanish families with polycystic kidney disease 1 (PKD1) were studied for evidence of linkage disequilibrium between the disease locus and six closely linked markers. Four of these loci--three...Full Text Available

1994-05-01

91

DMSA scan nomograms for renal length and area: Related to patient age and to body weight, height or surface area

IntroductionThe optimal dialysis dose for the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) is controversial. We sought to evaluate the relationship between renal replacement therapy (RRT)...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

92

Cyst Formation in Kidney via B-Raf Signaling in the PKD2 Transgenic Mice*

Aim: To create nomograms for renal size as measured from DMSA renal studies, and to test the nomograms for their ability to separate normal from abnormal kidneys. Method: Renal length was measured from posterior oblique views and renal area from posterior views. Results from 253 patients with bilateral normal kidneys were used to create nomograms for renal size relative to patient age, body height, weight or body surface area (BSA). The nomograms enclosed 95% of the normal kidneys, thus indicating the range for 95% confidence limits, and hence the specificity. Each nomogram was then tested against 46 hypertrophied kidneys and 46 damaged kidneys. Results: The results from nomograms of renal length and renal area, compared to age, body height, body weight and BSA are presented. For each nomogram, the range is presented as a fraction of the mean value, and the number of abnormal ...

2002-09-01

93

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Peripheral Polyneuropathy in Patients with End Stage Kidney Disease

The pathogenic mechanisms of human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) have been well known to include the mutational inactivation of PKD2. Although haploinsufficiency...Full Text Available

2009-03-13

94

Angiotensin II Promotes Development of the Renal Microcirculation through AT₁ Receptors

This study was designed to identify the causes of the development of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) associated with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). A total of 112 patients with ESKD, 64 on hemodialysis...Full Text Available

2011-09-01

95

An Update on the Controversies in Anemia Management in Chronic Kidney Disease: Lessons Learned and Lost

Pharmacologic or genetic deletion of components of the renin-angiotensin system leads to postnatal kidney injury, but the roles of these components in kidney development are unknown. To test the hypothesis...Full Text Available

2010-03-01

96

Acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: current trends in incidence and outcome

Background. Erythropoietin deficiency and anemia occur in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and may be treated with Erythropoietin Stimulating Agents (ESAs). The optimal hemoglobin,...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

97

Accumulation of Long-Chain Glycosphingolipids during Aging Is Prevented by Caloric Restriction

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical problem with significant clinical and economic consequences. A number of studies point to a rising incidence of AKI in the hospital and in the intensive...Full Text Available

2007-01-01

98

A comparison of nonoliguric and oliguric severe acute kidney injury according to the risk injury failure loss end-stage (RIFLE) criteria.

BackgroundChronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease are major causes of morbidity and mortality that are seen far more commonly in the aged population. Interestingly, kidney...Full Text Available

99

Principe local-global pour les z\\'ero-cycles sur certaines fibrations au-dessus d'une courbe: II

PMID:20173351

2010-02-19

100

CERN Document Server

We consider an admissible fibration $\\pi:X\\to\\mathbb{P}^1$ over a curve over a number field, of which the generic fiber $X_\\eta$ is geometrically rationally connected. We suppose that there exists a generalized Hilbertian subset $\\textsf{Hil}$ of $\\mathbb{P}^1$, such that the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to the Hasse principle (resp. to the weak approximation) for $X_\\theta(\\theta\\in \\textsf{Hil}).$ We prove that the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only obstruction to the Hasse principle (resp. to the strong approximation) for zero-cycles of degree 1 on $X$ in the following cases: $(B_1)$ the index of the generic fibre $X_\\eta$ is equal to 1; $(B_2)$ all fibers are geometrically integral. Then, we obtain some similar results for certain fibrations over $\\mathbb{P}^n$. As a consequence, we obtain the following result: let $X$ be a smooth projective geometrically rationally ...

2010-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

101

Vascular injuries in intestinal obstruction. The role of computed tomography; Complicazioni vascolari nelle occlusioni intestinali: ruolo della tomografia computerizzata

Twisted cscK metrics and K\\"ahler slope stability

The paper investigates computerized tomography capabilities in showing vascular complications secondary to intestinal obstruction and for assessing the site and cause of obstruction. [Italian] Scopo del lavoro e' lo studio dell'uso della tomografia computerizzata nel riconoscimento di complicanze vascolari secondarie ad occlusione intestinale e della presenza, della natura e della sede dell'ostacolo alla canalizzazione intestinale.

1999-09-01

102

CERN Document Server

We introduce a cohomological obstruction to solving the constant scalar curvature K\\"ahler (cscK) equation twisted by a semipositive form, appearing in works of Fine and Song-Tian. Geometrically this gives an obstruction for a manifold to be the base of a holomorphic submersion carrying a cscK metric in certain ``adiabatic'' classes. In turn this produces many new examples of general type threefolds with classes which do not admit a cscK representative. When the twist vanishes our obstruction extends the slope stability of Ross-Thomas to effective divisors on a K\\"ahler manifold. Thus we find examples of non-projective slope unstable manifolds.

2008-01-01

103

The interventional treatment for biliary recurrent obstruction after palliative T tube drainage in patients with obstruction due to cholangiocarcinoma

Strain-dependent variation in collateral circulatory function in mouse hindlimb

Objective: To explore the interventional method to treat biliary recurrent jaundice after T tube drainage in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice due to cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: 7 biliary metallic stents were placed in 7 patients with recurrent jaundice after T-tube drainage in cholangiocarcinoma cases. Results: Stent placement was once successful in all 7 cases with successful rate of 100%. For all cases, TBIL, ALT, GTP and AKP values 7 days postoperatively were significantly lower than that of preoperation together with subsidence of jaundice satisfactorily for 100% after the treatment. Conclusions: Percutaneous placement of biliary metallic stents was effective economic, minimal invasive and safe for palliation of biliary recurrent jaundice after T tube drainage in cholangiocarcinoma-induced obstructive jaundice

2002-10-01

104

Is sirolimus a therapeutic option for patients with progressive pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis?

The extent (density and diameter) of the native (preexisting) collateral circulation in healthy tissues and the capacity of collaterals to enlarge/remodel in obstructive arterial disease are important...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

105

Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion in Men in Olmsted County, Minnesota

BackgroundLymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease characterised by progressive airflow obstruction. No effective medical treatment is available but therapy with sirolimus...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

106

Duodenal ileus caused by a calf feeding nipple in a cow

PurposeUltrasonically measured intravesical prostatic protrusion may be a promising noninvasive method of assessing bladder outlet obstruction. Previous investigations...Full Text Available

2009-12-01

107

Cowper's syringocele: an analysis of 15 consecutive cases.

BackgroundThe aim of this report was to describe duodenal obstruction caused by a rubber foreign body in a cow.Case PresentationThe clinical, biochemical...Full Text Available

108

Clinical outcomes and risk factors for technical and clinical failures of self-expandable metal stent insertion for malignant colorectal obstruction

Cystic dilatation of Cowper's gland ducts (Cowper's syringocele) is uncommon in children and is frequently asymptomatic, but it may cause urinary infection, haematuria, dysuria, and obstructive voiding...Full Text Available

1996-07-01

109

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

BackgroundAlthough self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) insertion is widely used for relief of malignant colorectal obstructions, the immediate technical and clinical failure rates of SEMSs and the associated risk factors remain largely unknown. ObjectiveTo identify rates and factors predictive of technical and clinical failure of SEMSs when their use is attempted for the decompression of malignant colorectal obstruction. DesignRetrospective chart review. SettingA tertiary-care academic medical center in South Korea. PatientsThis study involved a total of 412 patients with malignant colorectal obstruction in whom SEMS insertion was attempted. InterventionPlacement of colonic SEMSs. Main Outcome MeasurementsTechnical success and immediate and long-term clinical success rates. ResultsTechnical...

2011-01-01

110

A case of vesical leiomyoma and acute urinary obstruction.

Rifle Criteria for Acute Kidney Dysfunction Following Liver Transplantation: Incidence and Risk Factors

A case of acute urinary retention due to a vesical leiomyoma is described. This is an unusual presentation and the treatment is discussed.ImagesFull Text Available

1983-06-01

111

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

RIFLE criteria have been used to determine the incidence of acute kidney dysfunction (AKD) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). However, no studies have focused on the incidence of AKD after OLT in patients with normal pre-OLT kidney functions. Using the RIFLE criteria, we determined the incidence and risk factors for AKD after OLT in patients with normal pre-OLT kidney function. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 112 patients who underwent OLT from January 2000 to February 2009 with normal prior kidney function. We investigated three levels of renal dysfunction outlined in the RIFLE criteria: risk (R); injury (I); and failure (F). Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were collected. AKD occurred in 64 (57%) OLTs with risk, injury, and failure frequenc...

2010-01-01

112

Investigation of Behaviorally Modified Rats for Use in ...

Absorption of plutonium in the iron-deficient rat

... F;qure Title phge 20 Rat B Spectral Density Measurements TNT Stimuli 70 21 Rat B Spectral Density Measurements Neutral Stimuli 71 ...

1981-12-01

113

In vitro and in vivo study of {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI encapsulated in PEG-liposomes: a promising radiotracer for tumour imaging

Iron deficiency did not enhance absorption of plutonium following intragastric gavage of rats. Absorption of plutonium citrate in both control and iron-deficient rats was about 0.03% of the administered dose.

1977-05-01

114

Pulmonary clearance of soluble and insoluble forms of manganese

Encapsulation of technetium-99m sestamibi ({sup 99m}Tc-MIBI) in polyethyleneglycol-liposomes ({sup 99m}Tc-MIBI-PEG-liposomes) could extend the duration of its circulation in blood and alter its biodistribution, enabling its concentration in tumours to be increased. An original method to encapsulate {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI in PEG-liposomes is described. The {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI-PEG-liposomes were compared with free {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI with respect to (a) tumour availability (b) ability to distinguish between chemotherapy-sensitive and -resistant cells and (c) uptake ratio in tumour imaging. PEG-liposomal systems composed of distearoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol/PEG{sub 2000}-distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine and lissamine-rhodamine B-labelled liposomes were used. The encapsulation of {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI in liposomes was achieved using the K{sup +} diffusion potential method. We compared the uptake of free versus encapsulated {sup 99m}Tc-MIBI by sensitive and resistant erythroleukaemia (K562) and ...

2003-04-01

115

Teratogenicity Study of tert-Butyl Acetate in Rats

Manganese is an essential metal of toxicologic concern primarily because of exposure via inhalation. Environmental forms of Mn exist mainly as insoluble oxides, yet much of the research information available relates to the soluble salts. In the present study, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with either soluble MnCl/sub 2/ or insoluble Mn/sub 3/O/sub 4/ labeled with /sup 54/Mn. Lungs and other major organs were sampled over a span of 3 mo after dosing with the respective chemicals, which were equivalent to 8 ..mu..Ci and 1 ..mu..mol of manganese in 0.2 ml of buffer. There was rapid clearance of Mn from the lungs in the case of both chemicals; the chloride cleared at an initial rate of nearly four times that of the oxide. Despite this early difference, the amount of /sup 54/Mn remaining in the lungs after 2 wk was similar for both compounds. The level of /sup 54/Mn in the liver, kidney, spleen, and testes peaked at ...

1986-01-01

116

Skin Toxicity of Toluene on Liver Damage-Induced Rats

Full Text Available

2007-06-01

117

Phospholipase A2 from rat liver mitochondria

Full Text Available

2001-06-01

118

Patterns of blood pressure variability in normotensive and hypertensive rats.

No abstract available.

1991-01-01

119

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: 1995-Nov

1995-01-01

120

Effects of Licorice on Embryonic and Fetal Development in Rats

Treatment of malignant gastroduodenal obstruction with using a newly designed complex expandable nitinol stent: initial experiences

Full Text Available

2005-12-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

121

The Effect of Combined Estrogen/calcium Therapy on Bone Metabolism in Ovariectomized Rats I. A Study on Biochemical Parameters in Ovariectomized Rats

We wanted to evaluate the usefulness of a new type of a complex expandable nitinol stent that was designed to reduce the stent's propensity to migration during the treatment of malignant gastroduodenal obstructions. Two types of expandable nitinol stent were constructed by weaving a single thread of 0.2mm nitinol wire in a tubular configuration: an uncovered stent 18mm in diameter and a covered stent 16mm in diameter. Both ends of the covered stent were fabricated by coaxially inserting the covered stent into the tubular uncovered stent and then attaching the two stents together with using nylon monofilament. Under fluoroscopic guidance, the stent was placed in 29 consecutive patients (20 men and 9 women, mean age: 65 years) who were suffering with malignant gastric outlet obstruction (n=20), duodenal obstruction (n=6) or combined obstruction (n=3). Clinical improvement was assessed by ...

2005-12-15

122

Radiological kidney size in childhood

Full Text Available

1996-12-01

123

Radiological kidney size in childhood

Kidney length (KL), renal area and renal parenchymal area were measured on i.v. urograms of 255 children without apparent kidney disease age 0 to 14 years. These parameters were compared with age, body height, body surface area and the distance between the 1sup(s)sup(t) and 4sup(t)sup(h) lumbar vertebral body. In addition, renal parenchymal thickness was determined at the upper and lower poles. Mean values for normal KL were significantly greater on the left side than on the right side requiring separate growth charts. A mean increase in KL of 6.3 mm for the left and 6.0 mm for the right kidney was calculated for a change of 10 cm body height. A small kidney is defined by a KL below -2 SD for the corresponding body height and/or a quotient of right KL/left KL outside +-2 SD from the mean value. Localised loss of renal parenchyma is reflected by an increased or decreased quotient of the upper to the ...

1980-04-01

124

Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients Infected With 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1): Report From a Canadian Province

Kidney length (KL), renal area and renal parenchymal area were measured on i.v. urograms of 255 children without apparent kidney disease age 0 to 14 years. These parameters were compared with age, body height, body surface area and the distance between the 1sup(s)sup(t) and 4sup(t)sup(h) lumbar vertebral body. In addition, renal parenchymal thickness was determined at the upper and lower poles. Mean values for normal KL were significantly greater on the left side than on the right side requiring separate growth charts. A mean increase in KL of 6.3 mm for the left and 6.0 mm for the right kidney was calculated for a change of 10 cm body height. A small kidney is defined by a KL below -2 SD for the corresponding body height and/or a quotient of right KL/left KL outside +-2 SD from the mean value. Localised loss of renal parenchyma is reflected by an increased or decreased quotient of the upper to the ...

125

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) has led to a global increase in severe respiratory illness. Little is known about kidney outcomes and dialytic requirements in critically ill patients infected with pandemic H1N1. Study Design Prospective observational study. Setting & Participants 50 patients with pandemic H1N1 admitted to any of 7 intensive care units in Manitoba, Canada, were prospectively followed. Outcome & Measurements Outcomes were kidney injury and kidney failure defined using RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage disease) criteria or need for dialysis therapy. Results The pandemic H1N1 group was composed of 50 critically ill patients with pandemic H1N1 with severe respiratory syndrome (47 confirmed cases, 3 probable). Kidney injury, kidney failure, a...

2010-01-01

126

Endovascular treatment of intrahepatic inferior vena cava obstruction from malignant hepatocellular tumor thrombus utilizing Luminexx self-expanding nitinol stents

Anatomic variations on PNS CT

Inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction is a well-described clinical entity. Most IVC obstructions from malignant neoplasms are a direct result of tumor compression [Oviedo J, Cerda S. Vascular invasion by hepatocellular carcinoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2001;125: 454-5; Furui S, Sawada S, et al. Gianturco stent placement in malignant caval obstruction: analysis of factors for predicting the outcome. Radiology 1995;195:147-52; Fletcher WS, Lakin PC, et al. Results of treatment of inferior vena cava syndrome with expandable metallic stents. Arch Surg 1998;133:935-8]. The symptoms of IVC obstruction include progressive ascites, scrotal edema and lower body edema. These constellations of symptoms are described as IVC syndrome and are devastating to a patient with end-stage cancer. We describe a palliative therapy utilizing Luminexx nitinol self-expanding stents to treat intracaval hepatoma thrombus ...

2008-05-15

127

Anatomic variations on PNS CT

To illustrate frequently encountered anatomic variations on PNS computed tomography(CT) and to assess their clinical significance. CT findings of 1523 patients, who underwent PNS CT with no history of sinus surgery, were reviewed, and prevalence of each anatomic variation and its relationship with mucociliary clearance pathway was evaluated. Two categories of anatomic variations were encountered. The first group included variations of the turbinates, such as concha bullosa(28.6%), paradoxical middle turbinate(31.5%), of the uncinate process, such as medially bent or folded(36.3%), laterally bent(3.7%) or uncinate bulla(0.5%), of the ethmoidal sinus, such as Haller's cell(28.2%), large agger nasi cell(9.6%) or large ethmoidal bulla(23.5%) and nasal septal deviation(24.1%), which might cause obstruction of mucociliary clearance pathway and thus give rise to secondary obstructive sinusitis. The second group included Onodi cell(1.4%) and ...

1994-09-15

128

The use of fibrous, supramolecular membranes and human tubular cells for renal epithelial tissue engineering: towards a suitable membrane for a bioartificial kidney.

To illustrate frequently encountered anatomic variations on PNS computed tomography(CT) and to assess their clinical significance. CT findings of 1523 patients, who underwent PNS CT with no history of sinus surgery, were reviewed, and prevalence of each anatomic variation and its relationship with mucociliary clearance pathway was evaluated. Two categories of anatomic variations were encountered. The first group included variations of the turbinates, such as concha bullosa(28.6%), paradoxical middle turbinate(31.5%), of the uncinate process, such as medially bent or folded(36.3%), laterally bent(3.7%) or uncinate bulla(0.5%), of the ethmoidal sinus, such as Haller's cell(28.2%), large agger nasi cell(9.6%) or large ethmoidal bulla(23.5%) and nasal septal deviation(24.1%), which might cause obstruction of mucociliary clearance pathway and thus give rise to secondary obstructive sinusitis. The second group included Onodi cell(1.4%) and medial ...

1994-09-01

129

RIFLE Criteria for Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Factors and Outcomes

A bioartificial kidney, which is composed of a membrane cartridge with renal epithelial cells, can substitute important kidney functions in patients with renal failure. A particular challenge is the maintenance of monolayer integrity and specialized renal epithelial cell functions ex vivo. We hypothesized that this can be improved by electro-spun, supramolecular polymer membranes which show clear benefits in ease of processability. We found that after 7?d, in comparison to conventional microporous membranes, renal tubular cells cultured on top of our fibrous supramolecular membranes formed polarized monolayers, which is prerequisite for a well-functioning bioartificial kidney. In future, these supramolecular membranes allow for incorporation of peptides that may increase cell function even further. PMID:20715132

2010-11-10

130

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The aims of this study were to identify risk factors and evaluate the association with clinical outcomes of postoperative cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). Data from 2488 consecutive adult patients were analyzed. Patients were classified as having CSA-AKI based on the risk, injury, failure, loss of kidney function, and end-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) criteria using peak postoperative creatinine in the postoperative intensive care unit (ICU). Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for CSA-AKI. CSA-AKI occurred in 584 patients (23.5%). CSA-AKI patients had significantly longer aortic cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times. Furthermore, CSA-AKI patients had higher hospital mortality (5.5% vs 1.5%, PCopyright2...

2010-01-01

131

Prosthetic rehabilitation of hypophosphatasia: a case report

Patients receiving maintenance dialysis have more severe functionally significant skeletal muscle wasting than patients with dialysis-independent chronic kidney disease.

Hypophosphatasia is a congenital disease characterized by deficiency of serum and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase activity. The disease occurs due to mutations in the liver/bone/kidney alkaline...Full Text Available

132

Observational Study to Evaluate the Time to Achieving the Maintenance Dose of Paricalcitol i.v. in the Treatment of Patients Suffering From End-stage Renal Disease and Severe Overactivity of the Parathyroid Glands

PMID:16504974

2006-02-27

133

If I Had - Acne As a Young Female

Kidney Failure, Chronic

2011-07-06

134

Medline Plus

... VIDEO: FASDs Cause More Severe Behavioral Problems Than ADHD, Baking Soda May Slow Chronic Kidney Disease, Higher ...

135

Dietary Phosphorus Acutely Impairs Endothelial Function

A comparative assessment of the RIFLE, AKIN and conventional criteria for acute kidney injury after hematopoietic SCT

Excessive dietary phosphorus may increase cardiovascular risk in healthy individuals as well as in patients with chronic kidney disease, but the mechanisms underlying this risk are not completely understood....Full Text Available

2009-07-01

136

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

An observational cohort study was conducted to compare the performance of the RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss and end-stage kidney disease), AKIN (acute kidney injury network) and conventional graded criteria to identify acute kidney injury (AKI) following SCT and to predict long-term mortality in 141 myeloablative allogeneic SCT (m-allo), 60 non-myeloablative allogeneic SCT (nm-allo) and 48 autologous SCT (auto) cases. The AKIN criteria had less ability to identify patients as having the lowest category, stage 1 (analogous to RIFLE risk): 33% (37%) in m-allo, 23% (32%) in nm-allo and 8.3% (16.7%) in auto. Cox regression showed that categories higher than the intermediate stage were independent predictors of mortality in all three definitions. The areas under receiver operating characte...

2010-01-01

137

The use of SMARTeR stents in patients with biliary obstruction

Value of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and neopterin in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

AIM: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the percutaneous use of the new nitinol SMARTeR stents in patients with biliary obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four stents were placed in three patients percutaneously under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance. RESULTS: The deployment of the stents was successful in all three patients. All stents maintained their patency and position after short-term follow-up. CONCLUSION: The nitinol SMARTeR stent is useful in the management of patients with biliary obstruction although accurate placement across the ampulla was found to be technically more difficult than with the Wallstent. Larger, long-term follow-up studies are required to evaluate the long-term patency of these new devices.

2004-03-01

138

Underground cable: Best for cogeneration links

Objective:The identification of biological markers in order to assess different aspects of COPD is an area of growing interest. The objective of this study was to investigate whether...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

139

Tumor necrosis factor-? serum levels in healthy smokers and nonsmokers

This article addresses the connection of cogeneration plants to the utility system. The article provides examples for use in illustrating the problems that must be overcome and the solution chosen. These illustrations include high voltage utility connection, multiple connections to the utility at one location, and dealing with losses and obstructions.

1989-05-01

140

Snoring as a Risk Factor for Sexual Dysfunction in Community Men

Background:Tobacco smoking is the most important risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) development. Inhaled cigarette smoke can induce tumor necrosis factor-α...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

141

Predictive Value of Kushida Index and Acoustic Pharyngometry for the Evaluation of Upper Airway in Subjects With or Without Obstructive Sleep Apnea

IntroductionSevere obstructive sleep apnea has been associated with sexual dysfunction; however, it is unclear whether milder forms of sleep disturbances might also...Full Text Available

2008-04-01

142

Polyp in concha bullosa: a case report and review of the literature

Acoustic pharyngometry is a relatively new noninvasive method that quantifies geometrically complexed pharyngeal dimensions. Our study aimed to investigate the predictability and usefulness of acoustic...Full Text Available

2004-10-01

143

Phenotypic Transition of the Collecting Duct Epithelium in Congenital Urinary Tract Obstruction

Polyp originating within a concha bullosa is uncommon; we report only the third such case in the English literature. A 45-year-old man presented with nasal obstruction and headache. Examination of the...Full Text Available

144

Non-invasive Parameters Predicting Bladder Outlet Obstruction in Korean Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has emerged in recent years as an important process in the development of organ fibrosis in many human diseases. Our previous experience in a nonhuman primate...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

145

Multicomponent Breath Analysis With Infrared Absorption Using Room-Temperature Quantum Cascade Lasers

The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical and urodynamic features in Korean men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and to determine non-invasive parameters for predicting bladder outlet...Full Text Available

2010-02-01

146

Mouth Opening During Sleep may be a Critical Predictor of Surgical Outcome after Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Breath analysis is a powerful noninvasive technique for the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nitric oxide...Full Text Available

2009-12-11

147

Mesencephalic and third ventricle cysts: diagnosis and management in four cases.

Study Objectives:To evaluate the value of mouth opening during sleep for predicting surgical outcomes after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP).Methods:Retrospectively,...Full Text Available

2010-04-15

148

Massive Concha Bullosa with Secondary Maxillary Sinusitis

Four infants with obstructive hydrocephalus caused by space occupying third ventricle and mesencephalic cysts are reported. Despite immediate shunt insertion in all patients, there was either lack of...Full Text Available

1994-10-01

149

Intrauterine tracheal obstruction, a new treatment for congenital diaphragmatic hernia, decreases amniotic fluid sodium and chloride concentrations in the fetal lamb.

Concha bullosa is a common anatomic variation of the middle turbinate; however, sinusitis secondary to the concha bullosa is rare. A 52-yr-old woman presented with nasal obstruction and posterior nasal...Full Text Available

2008-12-01

150

Intraprostatic injection of botulinum toxin type- A relieves bladder outlet obstruction in human and induces prostate apoptosis in dogs

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of fetal tracheal occlusion on sodium and chloride concentrations in amniotic and tracheal fluid. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Intrauterine tracheal occlusion has been...Full Text Available

1997-12-01

151

Infravesical obstruction due to benign intraurethral prostatic cyst.

BackgroundWith the increasing interest with botulinum toxin – A (BTX-A) application in the lower urinary tract, we investigated the BTX-A effects on the canine prostate and...Full Text Available

152

Infective arthritis secondary to bladder outflow obstruction.

We report a case of symptomatic intraurethral prostatic cyst in a 42-yr-old man without clinical evidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The intraurethral cyst makes it unique from the all previously...Full Text Available

2003-02-01

153

Functional MRI of the pharynx in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with rapid 2-D flash sequences

We describe two cases of septic arthritis occurring in association with lower urinary tract infection in elderly men. In both cases the organism isolated from both the joint and the urine was Staphylococcus...Full Text Available

1990-12-01

154

Epignathus with Fetiform Features

Functional imaging of the pharynx used to be the domain of cineradiography, CT and ultrafast CT. The development of modern MRI techniques led to new access to functional disorders of the pharynx. The aim of this study was to implement a new MRI technique to examine oropharyngeal obstructive mechanisms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Sixteen patients suffering from OSA and 6 healthy volunteers were examined on a 1.5 T whole-body imager ('Vision', Siemens, Erlangen Medical Engineering, Germany) using a circular polarized head coil. Imaging was performed with 2D flash sequences in midsagittal and axial planes. Patients and volunteers were asked to breathe normally through the nose and to simulate snoring and the Mueller maneuver during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Prior to MRI, all patients underwent an ear, nose and throat (ENT) examination, functional fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy and polysomnography. A temporal resolution of ...

155

EFFECT OF AGE ON THE ROLE OF RHO-KINASE IN SHORT TERM PARTIAL BLADDER OUTLET OBSTRUCTION

Epignathus is an extremely rare oropharyngeal teratoma that commonly arises from the palate, leading to a high mortality (80–100%) due to airway obstruction in the neonatal period. We present...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

156

Bladder outlet obstruction in a 6-month-old alpaca secondary to pelvic displacement of the urinary bladder

ObjectivesWe examined the expression of Rho Kinase (ROK) isoforms in young and old rabbit’s detrusor smooth muscles (SM) during the progression of short term...Full Text Available

2008-03-01

157

Bladder instability in patients with prostatic hypertrophy

AbstractA 6-month-old female alpaca was presented for stranguria. Based on the history, physical examination findings, and radiographic studies, the alpaca was diagnosed with bladder...Full Text Available

2005-03-01

158

Application of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography to detection of proximal lesions of obstructive colorectal cancer

In 29 patients with urinary obstruction due to prostatic enlargement, medium-fill water cystometry was performed before prostatectomy and again 3 months after. A high incidence of detrusor hyperreflexia...Full Text Available

1981-10-01

159

Outcome predictability of biomarkers of protein-energy wasting and inflammation in moderate and advanced chronic kidney disease¹²³⁴

In cases of obstructive colorectal cancer (CRC), preoperative diagnosis of the proximal lesion is often difficult when the primary lesion impedes the passage of the endoscope. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in such cases. A total of 52 obstructive CRC patients who underwent preoperative FDG-PET and subsequent surgical resection were retrospectively reviewed. The correlation between characteristics of the proximal lesion and FDG-PET findings was analyzed statistically. There was a significant correlation between the proximal lesion size and the maximum standardized uptake value (P=0.00016). Abnormal FDG accumulation in the proximal colon indicated the existence of proximal cancer or adenoma with a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 100%. There was a significant difference in the distribution of tumor size between the cases with proximal abnormal ...

2010-10-01

160

Organ transplantation and replacement

Background: Markers of protein-energy wasting (PEW) and inflammation are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and are among the strongest predictors of mortality in dialysis patients.Objective:...Full Text Available

2009-08-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

161

Native kidney reincarnation following a failed transplant

This book contains 49 chapters. Some of the titles are: Molecular, Genetic, and Clinical Aspects of the HLA System; The Normal Immune Response; Significance of the ABO Antigen System; The Role of Dialysis in the Management of End-Stage Renal Disease; Access for Dialysis; Patient Selection for Renal Transplantation; The Living Donor in Kidney Transplantation; and Kidney Preservation by Cold Storage.

1988-01-01

162

Mastering a mediator: blockade of CCN-2 shows early promise in human diabetic kidney disease

Full text: A 51-year-old woman with end stage renal failure secondary to Haemolytic Uraemic syndrome underwent a cadaveric renal transplant. A routine post transplant DTPA scan was performed which demonstrated satisfactory renal transplant perfusion and function. Incidental note was made of tracer uptake in the pelvis in the mid-line, which was suspected to be a uterine fibroid. This was confirmed on ultrasonography and at surgery. One week post transplantation the patient became acutely unwell and at laparotomy a perforated diverticular abscess was drained. Intraoperatively the transplant kidney was examined and the surgeon thought there was a area of infarction. This was confirmed on biopsy. As the patient's creatinine was rising a repeat DTPA study was performed. Perfusion and function of the transplant kidney was virtually absent while Doppler studies showed no flow. The patient however continued to produce urine and the creatinine was ...

2002-05-04

163

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In diabetes complications, CCN-2 (known originally as CTGF) has been implicated in diabetic nephropathy both as a marker and a mediator of disease. This commentary addresses CCN-2 in diabetic nephropathy, in the context of the recent publication of the first human study to inhibit CCN-2 bioactivity in diabetic kidney disease.

2010-01-01

164

Cadmium down-regulation of kidney Sp1 binding to mouse SGLT1 and SGLT2 gene promoters: Possible reaction of cadmium with the zinc finger domain of Sp1

Tissue distribution of brain-thymus shared antigens recognized by anti-brain xenosera in the rat, dog and man.

Cadmium (Cd) exposure causes glucosuria (glucose in the urine). Previously, it was shown that Cd exposure of primary cultures of mouse kidney cells (PMKC) decreased mRNA levels of the glucose...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

165

Failure of carnitine in improving hepatic nitrogen content in alcoholic and non?alcoholic malnourished rats

A comparative and quantitative study of the tissue distribution of brain-thymus shared antigens was carried out using rabbit antisera to rat, dog and human brain homogenates, assayed on rat, dog and...Full Text Available

1979-03-01

166

Antihyperglycemic action of isoferulic acid in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

AIMS:To investigate the effect of carnitine supplementation on alcoholic malnourished rats' hepatic nitrogen content.METHODS:Malnourished rats, on...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

167

A novel rat strain with enhanced sensitivity to the effects of dopamine agonists on startle gating

Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (STZ-diabetic rats), which is similar to human insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM), were employed to investigate...Full Text Available

2000-02-01

168

Vehicle-Dependent Disposition Kinetics of Fluoranthene in Fisher-344 Rats

BackgroundCompared to outbred Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, inbred Brown Norway (BN) rats exhibit less prepulse inhibition of startle (PPI) at long prepulse intervals,...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

169

Hydrolysis of cis- and trans-Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids by Rat Red Blood Cells

The objective of this study was to evaluate how the vehicles of choice affect the pharmacokinetics of orally administered Fluoranthene [FLA] in rats. Fluoranthene is a member of the family of...Full Text Available

2008-03-01

170

Copper deficiency alters the neurochemical profile of developing rat brain

Erythrocytes serve as reservoirs for cis- and trans-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). Incubation of rat red blood cells (RBCs) with cis- and...Full Text Available

2008-07-01

171

Apolipoproteins in rat serum and renal lymph.

Copper deficiency is associated with impaired brain development and mitochondrial dysfunction. Perinatal copper deficiency was produced in Holtzman rats. In vivo proton NMR...Full Text Available

2009-06-01

172

Relationships of valve histology and mitochondrial and myofibril volume densities to hypertrophy of copper-deficient rat hearts

The concentration of apolipoproteins was measured by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis in rat serum, in the lipoprotein-free ultracentrifugal fraction (density greater than 1.21) of serum, and in renal...Full Text Available

1976-05-01

173

Simultaneous Liver-Kidney Versus Liver Transplantation Alone in Patients with End-Stage Liver Disease and Kidney Dysfunction Not on Dialysis

Twenty-four male weanling rats were fed either copper-adequate or -deficient diets until 9 or 11 weeks of age. Deficient rat hearts had increased mitochondria: myofibril compared to adequate rats. Eleven week old deficient rat hearts had decreased mitochondria: myofibril as the hearts increased in weight, but the larger hearts had greater myofibril volume densities. Cardiac mitochondria of deficient rats appeared vacuolated with fragmented cristae and translucent matrix. Valves from copper deficient rats appeared to have less connective tissue and were fragmented in areas. For deficient rats, heart:body weights of 9 wk old rats were negatively correlated with bicuspid valve pathology scores, whereas tricuspid valve scores from 11 wk old rats were negatively correlated with myofibril volume densities. ...

1991-03-15

174

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

BackgroundSince implementation of the Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD), the number of simultaneous liver-kidney transplantations (SLKT) has increased in the United States. However, predictors and survival benefit of SLKT compared to liver transplantation alone (LTA) are not well defined. MethodsOrgan Procurement and Transplantation Network data of patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 who had not been on dialysis while on the waiting list and underwent liver transplantation between 2002 and 2008 were analyzed. To identify predictors of undergoing SLKT versus LTA, multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess the association between...

2011-01-01

175

Pretransplant Predictors and Posttransplant Sequels of Acute Kidney Injury after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Although various risk factors for AKI have been reported, the influence of pretransplant comorbidity on the incidence of AKI has not been well investigated. We performed a retrospective analysis of 207 consecutive patients undergoing myeloablative or nonmyeloablative SCT between 2001 and 2009, using the hematopoietic cell transplantation-specific comorbidity index (HCT-CI) as a representative of pretransplant comorbidities. According to Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) criteria, 158 patients (76.3%) developed AKI, and 92 patients (44.4%) developed severe AKI (RIFLE class I or class F) within 100 days after SCT. The cumulative incidence of severe AKI within 1...

2011-01-01

176

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn kidney stones in elderly patients

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose We retrospectively analyzed the results of percutaneous nephrolithotomy operations for treatment of staghorn kidney stone disease in elderly patients and compared surgical parameters and outcomes with a control group of young adult patients. Patients and method Between 2002 and 2010, 300 consecutive patients underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy operation for treatment of staghorn kidney stone disease. Forty-five of the patients were older than 65?years and considered to be in elderly group. Thirty-seven of the patients were between the ages 18 and 36?years and considered to be the control group. Surgical parameters and outcomes were compared between groups. Results There were no significant differences between groups for stone area, operation time, difference in hemoglobin levels...

2011-01-01

177

Artificial kidney engineering-Dialysis membrane and dialyzer for blood purification-

[Relationship of propranolol pharmacokinetic parameters with portosystemic shunt in CCl4-induced cirrhotic rats

Since artificial organs are intended to replicate chemical processes, knowledge of chemical engineering is essential in their design so that they will function with the maximum efficiency. The most commonly used artificial organ is the artificial kidney, a machine that performs a treatment known as hemodialysis. This process cleanses the bodies of renal failure patients by dialysis and filtration which are simple physiochemical processes. Hemodialysis membranes act to remove accumulated uremia toxins, excess ions and water from the patient via the dialysate, and to supply from the dialysate those ions that are insufficient. This paper describes dialysis membranes and dialyzers for blood purification, the solute transport mechanism of the membrane, and a technical evaluation of the dialysis membrane. Lastly, the next generation of artificial kidney is reviewed. 71 refs., 12 figs., 7 tabs.

1997-08-01

178

Transfer of lead through the rats intestinal wall

Full Text Available

2002-09-01

179

Therapeutic Effects of Bergenin and Acetylbergenin on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

... females in vitro intestines lead 203 mucous membranes radionuclide kinetics

180

The effect of Allium sativum L. extract on hepatic function in rats with $CCl_4$-induced (hepatic) injury

Full Text Available

2000-12-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

181

The Role of Opioid Receptor on the Analgesic Action of Intrathecal Sildenafil in Rats

Full Text Available

2010-05-01

182

The Reproductive Toxicity by Combined Treatment of Bisphenol A and Butyl Benzyl Phthalate During Gestation, Lactation Period in Rats

Full Text Available

2007-06-01

183

The Effect of Garlic and Medicinal Plants Extracts on the Liver Function and Lipid Metabolism of Rats Administered with Alcohol

Full Text Available

2004-06-01

184

The Acute Effect of Trimetazidine on the High Frequency Fatigue in the Isolated Rat Diaphragm Muscle

Full Text Available

2009-05-01

185

Role of hormone and nutrition in radiation-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis

Full Text Available

2004-06-01

186

Protective and therapeutic effects of swimming exercise training on diabetic peripheral neuropathy of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Published in summary form only.

187

Protective Effects of Acetylbergenin against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

PMID:19169052

2008-11-01

188

Prevention of Alloxan-induced Diabetes by Se-Methylselenocysteine Pretreatment in Rats: The Effect on Antioxidant System in Pancreas

Full Text Available

2001-04-01

189

Phosphorus and calcium homeostasis in chronic subtotally nephrectomized parathyroidectomized rats.

Full Text Available

2009-06-01

190

Naltrexone Inhibits Catecholamine Secretion Evoked by Nicotinic Receptor Stimulation in the Perfused Rat Adrenal Medulla

Full Text Available

191

Manganese-enhanced and diffusion tensor MR imaging of the normal, injured and regenerating rat visual pathway

Full Text Available

2005-08-01

192

Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

Full Text Available

193

Induction of Hepatic Microsomal Cytochrome P450 by N,N-dimethylformamide in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Individual or combined effects of enalapril and verapamil on chronic cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in rats.

Full Text Available

1999-03-01

194

Histological analysis of hyaluronic acid and decorin in solid subcutaneous walker 256 rat carcinoma

Full Text Available

1999-12-01

195

Evaluation of some indigenous plant extracts for antiimplantation activity in albino rats

No abstract prepared.

1998-07-01

196

Effects of the Feeding Mixture of Mushrooms and Vegetables Oils on the Lipid Component and Fatty Acid Composition of Liver in Rats

Full Text Available

2005-12-01

197

Effects of Fish Oil and Some Seed Oils on Lipid Composition of Serum in Rats

Full Text Available

1994-10-01

198

Effects of Fish Oil and Some Seed Oils on Fatty Acid Compositions of Liver and Brain Tissue in Rats

Full Text Available

1991-08-01

199

Effects of Exposure Period on the Developmental Toxicity of 2-Bromopropane in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Full Text Available

1991-10-01

200

Effects of Different Dietary Oils on Hepatic Mitochnodial Lipid Composition and Adenine Nucleotide Translocase Activity in Rat

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

201

Effects of Concrete and Wood Building Environments on Pregnant Dams and Embryo-Fetal Development in Rats

Full Text Available

1993-07-01

202

Effects of Callophyllis japonica powder on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

Full Text Available

2009-12-01

203

Effects of Calcium Supplementations on Mineral Metabolism during Pregnancy with Calcium-Deficient Young Adult Rats

Full Text Available

2005-09-01

204

Effects of Ca Supplementation on Mineral Metabolism during Pregnancy and Lactation of Calcium-Deficient Young Adult Rats

Full Text Available

2003-06-01

205

Effect of the Toluene Administration on the Liver Damage in Rats Fed Low or Standard Protein Diet

Full Text Available

2004-07-01

206

Effect of Zinc-Enriched Yeast Supplementation on Serum Zinc and Testosterone Concentrations in Ethanol Feeding Rats

Full Text Available

1996-12-01

207

Effect of Supplementation with Docosahexaenoic Acid from Gestation to Adulthood on Spatial Learning Performance in Rat

Full Text Available

2008-07-01

208

Effect of Heat Treatment of Garlic Added Diet on the Blood of Spontaneously Hypertension Rat

Full Text Available

2007-10-01

209

Effect of Garlic and Medicinal Plants Composites on Antioxidant Activity and Lipid Levels of Liver in Hypercholesterolemic Rats

Full Text Available

1997-02-01

210

Effect of Ethanol-pretreatment on the Liver Xanthine Oxidase Activity in Xylene-treated Rats

Full Text Available

2009-12-01

211

Effect of Dietary Protein on the Changes of Lipoprotein Fractions in Carbon Tetrachloride-Treated Rats

Full Text Available

1998-08-01

212

Effect of Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate on Sphingolipid Metabolic Enzymes in Rat Liver

Full Text Available

1993-04-01

213

Effect of Cyclohexanone Treatment on the Activities of Oxygen Free Radical Metabolizing Enzyme in the Liver Damaged Rats

Full Text Available

2011-09-01

214

Effect of Cyclohexane Treatment on the Liver Damage in CCl4-Pretreated Rats

Full Text Available

2002-06-01

215

Effect of Cyclohexane Treatment on Serum Level of Glutathione S-Transferase Activity in Liver Damaged Rats

Full Text Available

2003-06-01

216

Effect of Circadian Rhythms on the Xylene Metabolizing Enzyme Activities in Rats

Full Text Available

2003-06-01

217

Detection of acute myocardial infarction in spontaneously hypertensive rats by /sup 99m/Tc-Pyrrolidino methyl tetracycline

Full Text Available

2001-06-01

218

Cytosolic Calcium Alteration and Cell Injury by Silica in Rat Hepatocytes

The myocardial infarct induced by isoproterenol in spontaneously hypertensive rats accumulates higher activities of /sup 99/sup(m)Tc-PM tetracycline compared with the cardiac infarct in normotensive rats caused by the same method. The isoproterenol model of the myocardial necrosis was induced in intact rats without opening the thorax and is a convenient method for experimental radioisotope studies.

1983-01-01

219

Antihyperglycemia Effect of Medicinal Plants Mixture in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Full Text Available

1998-12-01

220

Antidiabetic Effects of Leaves Extracts of Psidium guajava L. and Lagerstroemia speciosa L. in STZ-induced Rats

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

221

A Study of the Histological Effects of Garlic Extract in a Liver-damage Rat Model

Full Text Available

2009-01-01

222

Effects of swimming training at the intensity equivalent to aerobic/anaerobic metabolic transition in alloxan diabetic rats

Full Text Available

2010-08-01

223

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The present study was designed to determine the exercise intensity equivalent to the metabolic aerobic/anaerobic transition of alloxan diabetic rats, through lactate minimum test (LMT), and to evaluate the effects of swimming exercise at this intensity (LM) on the glucose and protein metabolism of these animals. Adult male Wistar rats received alloxan (SD, alloxan-injected rats that remained sedentary) intravenously (30 mg kg?1 body weight) for diabetes induction. As controls (SC, vehicle-injected rats that remained sedentary), vehicle-injected rats were utilized. Two weeks later, the animals were submitted to oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) and LMT. After the tests, some of the animals were submitted to swimming exercise training [TC (vehicle-injected rats that performed a 6-week exerc...

2007-01-01

224

Stent insertion in patients with malignant biliary obstruction: problems of the Hanaro stent

Self-expandable polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-covered nitinol stent for the palliative treatment of malignant biliary obstruction

To investigate the problems of the Hanaro stent (Solco Intermed, Seoul, Korea) when used in the palliative treatment of patients with inoperable malignant biliary obstruction. Between January 2000 and May 2001, the treatment of 46 patients with malignant biliary obstruction involved percutaneous placement of the Hanaro stent. Five patients encountered problems during removal of the stent's introduction system. The causes of obstruction were pancreatic carcinoma (n=2), cholangiocarcinoma (n=2), and gastric carcinoma with biliary invasion (n=1). In one patient, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and stent insertion were performed as a one-step procedure, while the others underwent conventional percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for at least two days prior to stent insertion. A self-expandable Hanaro stent, 8-10 mm in deameter and 50-100 mm in lengh, and made from a strand of nitinol wire, was used in ...

2002-07-01

225

Cocarcionogenesis of inhaled plutonium dioxide and beryllium oxide

We wanted to determine the technical and clinical efficacy of placing a self-expandable PTFE-covered nitinol stent for the management of inoperable malignant biliary obstruction. Thirty six patients with inoperable malignant biliary obstructions were treated by placement of self-expandable PTFE-covered nitinol stents (S and G Biotech Corporation, Seongnam, Korea). Clinical evaluation was done with assessment of the serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels, which were measured before and after stent placement within 1 week, at 1 month and at 3 months. The patient survival rate and stent patency rate were calculated with performing Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Successful stent placement was achieved in all the patients without procedure-related complication. Pancreatitis as an early complication occurred in two cases. The serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly decreased after the procedure. During the ...

2008-06-15

226

Update of acute kidney injury: intensive care nephrology

Inhaled beryllium oxide results in impaired alveolar clearance of inhaled "2"3"9PuO_2 and induces an inflammatory reaction in the lung. However, only one of 184 rats exposed to beryllium developed a lung tumor; none of 128 unexposed rats developed a lung tumor. Fifty-six lung tumors were induced in 181 rats exposed to plutonium. A total of 37 lung tumors were found in 119 rats given combined exposures to beryllium and plutonium. Only in rats given the highest levels of both beryllium and plutonium was there an incidence of lung tumors greater than that seen with exposure to plutonium only.

1977-05-01

227

Transcatheter Arterial Embolization in Patients with Kidney Diseases: an Overview of the Technical Aspects and Clinical Indications

Albeit the considerable progress that has been made both in our understanding of the pathophysiology of acute renal failure (ARF) and in its treatment (continuous renal replacement therapies), the morbidity...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

228

Timing of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Initiation and Adverse Outcomes in Nondialysis CKD: a Propensity-Matched Observational Study

Therapeutic embolization is defined as the voluntary occlusion of one or several vessels, and this is achieved by inserting material into the lumen to obtain transient or permanent thrombosis in the...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

229

Tight Blood Glucose Control Is Renoprotective in Critically Ill Patients

Background and objectives: The severity of anemia at which to initiate erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) treatment in nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is unclear. Risk of mortality,...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

230

Symptom Burden, Depression, and Quality of Life in Chronic and End-Stage Kidney Disease

Two large, prospective, randomized, controlled trials have shown a beneficial effect of intensive insulin therapy (IIT) on the kidney function of critically ill patients. The data from these trials...Full Text Available

2008-03-01

231

Studies on metabolism of directly labeled {sup 99}MTc-antibody in mice

Background and objectives: While many patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have impaired physical and psychologic well-being, less is known about these health domains in patients with advanced...Full Text Available

2009-06-01

232

Structural and functional aspects of radiation adrenalopathy

The elucidation on the metabolic products of the {sup 99}mTc-antibody conjugates may provide insights and approaches that would reduce the undesirable deposition of radioactive species in normal tissue. In this investigation, the radiolabeled species in blood, urine, bile and extracts of liver and kidney obtained at different times after the injection of a model antibody, {sup 99}mTc, into mice were analyzed with various chromatographic methods. Ninety-nine to 100% of the radioactivity in serum was associated with intact Mab 170. The radioactivity in liver homogenate extract was strictly protein-bound to either intact Mab or low molecular weight species (LMW). In kidney extracts, the majority of the radioactivity was protein bound {sup 99}mTc, with less than 8% of the activity being non- protein bound . Multiple {sup 99}mTc -containing protein and non-protein species were found in urine and bile. Evidence supporting the presence of {sup ...

1996-12-01

233

Serum Potassium and Outcomes in CKD: Insights from the RRI-CKD Cohort Study

As part of a combined study of the responses of the mouse adrenal gland and kidney to X-irradiation, the weight of adrenal glands, the relative volumes of the cortex and medulla and the aldosterone output were measured at predetermined times after irradiation of the left organs only.

1986-01-01

234

Roles of lead-binding proteins in mediating lead bioavailability.

Background and objectives: The relationship between serum potassium (S_K) and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) has not been systematically investigated.Design, setting, participants,...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

235

Rapid Phytochrome-mediated Changes in Adenosine 5?-Triphosphate Content of Etiolated Bean Buds ¹

The intracellular bioavailability of lead (Pb) at low dosage levels in major target organs such as the kidney and brain appears to be largely determined by complexation with a group of low molecular...Full Text Available

1998-12-01

236

Prevalence of Ocular Fundus Pathology in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

This study was designed to determine the effects of red and far red irradiation on ATP metabolism in etiolated bean buds (Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Red Kidney). Compared to dark controls,...Full Text Available

1974-01-01

237

Predictivity of survival according to different equations for estimating renal function in community-dwelling elderly subjects

Background and objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of ocular fundus pathology in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study, a multicenter, longitudinal study...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

238

PKC expression is regulated by dietary K intake and mediates internalization of SK channels in the CCD

Background. Detection of subjects with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) is important because some will progress up to stage 5 CKD, and most are at high risk of cardiovascular morbidity...Full Text Available

2009-04-01

239

Outcomes Associated with Race in Males with Nondialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease

We have used Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry to determine the effect of dietary K intake on the expression of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the kidney. Western blot has demonstrated...Full Text Available

2004-06-01

240

Nocturnal sleep, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life in stable patients on hemodialysis

Background and objectives: Blacks are over-represented among dialysis patients, but they have better survival rates than whites. It is unclear if the over-representation of blacks on dialysis is due...Full Text Available

2009-05-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

241

Meso Scale Discovery and Luminex Comparative Analysis of Calbindin D28K

BackgroundAlthough considerable progress has been made in the treatment of chronic kidney disease, compromised quality of life continues to be a significant problem for patients...Full Text Available

242

Exploring the impact of a decision support intervention on vascular access decisions in chronic hemodialysis patients: study protocol

The sensitivity of different renal regions to xenobiotics requires the development of a multiplex immunoassay for the simultaneous analysis of kidney biomarkers. Calbindin D28K is a distal tubule-specific...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

243

Evaluation of the radioprotective effect of turmeric extract and vitamin E in mice exposed to therapeutic dose of radioiodine

BackgroundIn patients with Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease who require renal replacement therapy a major decision concerns modality choice. However, many patients defer the decision...Full Text Available

244

Effects of exposure to low concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons on the kidney and liver of industrial workers.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective effect of turmeric extract (40 mg/kg body weight) and vitamin E (#alpha# - tocopherol acetate, 400 IU/kg body weight) supplementation on lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and antioxidant defense enzymes in various organs like liver, kidney and salivary glands at 24 h in adult Swiss mice. "1"3"1Iodine exposure significantly increased lipid peroxidation in kidney and salivary glands in comparison to control animals. Pre supplementation with turmeric extract for 15 days showed significant lowering of lipid peroxidation in kidney. On the other hand vitamin E pre supplementation showed marked reduction in lipid peroxidation in salivary glands. Reduced glutathione levels decreased significantly in liver after radiation exposure. However, pre supplementation with turmeric extract and vitamin E did not improve glutathione levels in liver. In conclusion we have observed ...

2008-10-01

245

Dysfunction of fibroblasts of extrarenal origin underlies renal fibrosis and renal anemia in mice

An assessment has been made of biochemical alterations in renal and hepatic functions of 73 male operators employed for an average of 8.2 years (range 0.5-23 years) in a chemical plant producing chlorinated...Full Text Available

1993-04-01

246

Cyclophilin B Interacts with Sodium-Potassium ATPase and Is Required for Pump Activity in Proximal Tubule Cells of the Kidney

In chronic kidney disease, fibroblast dysfunction causes renal fibrosis and renal anemia. Renal fibrosis is mediated by the accumulation of myofibroblasts, whereas renal anemia is mediated by the reduced...Full Text Available

2011-10-03

247

Concentrating Engines and the Kidney

Cyclophilins (Cyps), the intracellular receptors for Cyclosporine A (CsA), are responsible for peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerisation and for chaperoning several membrane proteins. Those functions...Full Text Available

248

Cloning and expression of recombinant, functional ricin B chain.

Mass balance relations, valid for any counterflow system, are derived and applied to a central core model of the renal medulla, in which descending Henle's limbs (DHL), ascending Henle's limbs (AHL),...Full Text Available

1973-06-01

249

BK Virus and Human Cancer: Innocent until Proven Guilty

The cDNA encoding the B chain of the plant toxin ricin has been cloned and expressed in monkey kidney COS-M6 cells. The recombinant B chain was detected by labeling the transfected cells with [35S]methionine...Full Text Available

1987-08-01

250

Agonist-dependent up-regulation of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone receptor protein.

BK virus (BKV) is a polyomavirus that ubiquitously infects the human population. Following a typically subclinical primary infection, BKV establishes a lifelong persistent infection in the kidney...Full Text Available

2009-08-01

251

A retinoid responsive cytokine gene, MK, is preferentially expressed in the proximal tubules of the kidney and human tumor cell lines.

To study the effect of agonist on the TRH (thyrotrophin-releasing hormone) receptor protein, an epitope-tagged receptor was stably expressed in HEK-293 cells (human embryonic kidney 293 cells) and receptor...Full Text Available

2004-06-15

252

Acquired cystic kidney disease

The aim of this study was to survey the expression of an embryonic cytokine gene, MK, in the normal organs and neoplastic tissues of adults. Northern analysis showed that MK mRNA was exclusively expressed...Full Text Available

1993-02-01

253

Two stents insertion via single tract for treatment of hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD), also known as acquired renal cystic disease (ARCD,) occurs in patients who are on dialysis for end-stage renal disease. It is generally accepted that ACKD develops as a consequence of sustained uremia and can first manifest even before dialysis is initiated while the patient is still in chronic renal failure. The role of immune suppression, particularly in transplant recipients, in the development of ACKD, is still under investigation. The prevalence of ACKD is directly related to the duration of dialysis and the risk of cancer is directly related to the presence of cysts. Herein we review the current understanding of the pathophysiology and imaging implications of ACKD. (orig.)

2000-11-01

254

Physical findings in the upper airways related to obstructive sleep apnea in men and women

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical application of two stents insertion via single tract for treatment of hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: Eighteen patients with hepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma who had left and right bile duct obstruction were treated with stents insertion via right bile duct puncturing routeway. These two stents were implanted between right and left bile duct, and between right bile duct and common bile duct. Results: Eighteen patients obtained successful two stents placement by right bile duct puncturing tract and succeeded with internal drainage for all biliary tree jaundice subsided distinctly. Conclusions: The technique of two stents insertion via single tract could predigest interventional drainage procedure of high bile duct obstruction, reduce operation trauma, shorten handling time and possess promising application value

2003-12-01

255

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Conclusions. There are gender differences when it comes to the risk factors for sleep apnea. Large tonsils, a high tongue and a wide uvula are risk factors for sleep apnea in men, while large tonsils and a retrognathic mandible are risk factors in women. Upper airway abnormalities including mandibular retrognathia are, however, unable to predict sleep apnea among snorers being investigated for suspected sleep apnea. Objectives. To identify gender-specific risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea and the diagnostic performance from physical upper airway examinations among snoring men and women investigated because of suspected sleep apnea. Patients and methods. The dimensions of the uvula, tonsils, velopharynx and tongue, and nasal septal deviation, mandibular position, neck circumference, ...

2007-01-01

256

Outcomes and Cost Analysis of Pyeloplasty for Antenatally Diagnosed Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Using Markov Models

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Objectives The optimal timing of pyeloplasty for children diagnosed with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) after workup for antenatal hydronephrosis is disputed. We sought to examine the potential costs and clinical outcomes of treatment protocols featuring different indications for pediatric pyeloplasty using Markov models. Methods Cost and outcomes analysis using Markov modeling was performed for three treatment algorithms: medical management, immediate pyeloplasty (during the first year of life), and pyeloplasty after no improvement on imaging. The costs were determined from the perspective of the medical institution. The variables tracked during Markov model simulation included age at resolution of UPJO, the proportion of patients with worsened hydronephrosis, the number of pye...

2008-01-01

257

Strain differences in the responsiveness between Sprague-Dawley and Fischer rats to nephropathy induced by FYX-051, a xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

To determine a rat strain appropriate for carcinogenicity testing of FYX-051, a xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, we performed a 4-week oral toxicity study by administering 0.3, 1 and 3?mg/kg, and 1, 3 and 10?mg/kg of FYX-051 to male Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Fischer (F344) rats, respectively. Histopathology revealed that the degree of FYX-051-induced nephropathy was 3-fold stronger in SD rats than in F344 rats. Our previous study demonstrated that the key factor of species differences in FYX-051-induced nephropathy is purine metabolism. This observation led us to examine the involvement of purine metabolism in differences among two strains of rats. However, purine metabolism was proven not to be implicated as an important factor. Subsequently, other factors responsible for the strain diffe...

2006-01-01

258

Strain differences in the responsiveness between Sprague-Dawley and Fischer rats to nephropathy induced by FYX-051, a xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor

ras gene alterations in invasive and non-invasive rat bladder carcinomas induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea.

To determine a rat strain appropriate for carcinogenicity testing of FYX-051, a xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor, we performed a 4-week oral toxicity study by administering 0.3, 1 and 3 mg/kg, and 1, 3 and 10 mg/kg of FYX-051 to male Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Fischer (F344) rats, respectively. Histopathology revealed that the degree of FYX-051-induced nephropathy was 3-fold stronger in SD rats than in F344 rats. Our previous study demonstrated that the key factor of species differences in FYX-051-induced nephropathy is purine metabolism. This observation led us to examine the involvement of purine metabolism in differences among two strains of rats. However, purine metabolism was proven not to be implicated as an important factor. Subsequently, other factors responsible for the strain differences were examined. FYX-051-induced increases in plasma xanthine concentrations were higher ...

2006-12-15

259

Weaning and the Developmental Changes in Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, and Inhibin B in the Male Rat1

We have established a reliable method to induce invasive and non-invasive carcinomas in the heterotopically transplanted urinary bladder of rats by repeated injection of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU),...Full Text Available

1991-07-01

260

Uptake of injected 125I-ricin by rat liver in vivo. Subcellular distribution and characterization of the internalized ligand.

Pituitary Fshb concentrations increase markedly and selectively beginning on Postnatal Day 20 in the male rat. To evaluate the factors potentially responsible for this rise...Full Text Available

2008-04-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

261

The potential role of phrenic nucleus glutamate receptor subunits in mediating spontaneous crossed phrenic activity in neonatal rat

Subcellular-fractionation techniques were used to characterize the endocytic pathway followed by ricin in rat liver in vivo and tentatively identify the site(s) at which the ricin interchain disulphide...Full Text Available

1992-05-15

262

The effects of zinc deficiency on pancreatic carboxypeptidase activity and protein digestion and absorption in the rat

Cervical spinal cord hemisection rostral to the phrenic nucleus leads to paralysis of the ipsilateral hemidiaphragm in adult rats. Respiratory function can be restored to the paralyzed hemidiaphragm...Full Text Available

2009-08-01

263

The effects of nicotine, hexamethonium and ethanol on the secretion of the antidiuretic and oxytocic hormones of the rat

1. Proteolytic enzyme activities were examined in the pancreas of zinc-deficient and control rats. 2. No change was detected in trypsin-plus-chymotrypsin activity. 3. Carboxypeptidase activity was...Full Text Available

1967-03-01

264

The effects of androgens and gonadotropins on testicular development in the prepubertal rat.

The actions of nicotine, hexamethonium, and ethanol on the hypothalamo-hypophysial system have been investigated in the rat. The antidiuretic action of nicotine was not inhibited by ethanol, nor by...Full Text Available

1957-12-01

265

The effect of lecithin on intestinal cholesterol uptake by rat intestine in vitro

Treatment of male rat pups from five to 34 days of age with dihydrotestosterone or 5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha, 17 beta-diol, resulted in reduced testicular size at 35 days of age. This appeared to be...Full Text Available

1985-07-01

266

The Effects of Aspirin-Like Drugs on the Nutritional Status of Pregnant Rats and Offspring

1. Sacs 20 cm long were obtained from the upper half of the small intestine of bile fistula rats (bile duct cannulated 48 hours previously). The sacs were everted, filled with oxygenated phosphate...Full Text Available

1973-03-01

267

Synthetic progestins differentially promote or prevent DMBA-induced mammary tumors in Sprague-Dawley rats

Previous studies have shown that salicylates and protein-calorie malnutrition independently compromise maturation and growth of infants. In the present study, pregnant rats were fed normal-and low-protein...Full Text Available

1988-05-01

268

Studies on micellar fatty acid uptake by rat intestine in vitro with reference to the role of bile

Recent clinical trials demonstrate that combined oral dosing with estrogen and progestin increases the incidence of breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Similarly, in a rat model system of...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

269

Stimulus- and response-reinforcer contingencies in autoshaping, operant, classical, and omission training procedures in rats

1. The uptake and esterification to trigylceride of oleic acid in micellar form was studied in rat intestine in vitro. Sacs of the upper half of the everted intestine taken from bile...Full Text Available

1973-03-01

270

Short and long term axotomy-induced ERG changes in albino and pigmented rats

Separate groups of rats received 500 trials of lever-press training under autoshaping (food delivery followed 10-second lever presentations, or occurred immediately following a response); operant conditioning...Full Text Available

1977-07-01

271

Selective Inflammatory Pain Insensitivity in the African Naked Mole-Rat (Heterocephalus glaber)

PurposeTo investigate the different components of full-field flash electroretinogram (ERG) responses in adult albino and pigmented rats at various time intervals following optic...Full Text Available

272

Select spinal lesions reveal multiple ascending pathways in the rat conveying input from the male genitalia

In all mammals, tissue inflammation leads to pain and behavioral sensitization to thermal and mechanical stimuli called hyperalgesia. We studied pain mechanisms in the African naked mole-rat, an unusual...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

273

Seasonal changes in lead absorption in laboratory rats.

The specific white matter location of all the spinal pathways conveying penile input to the rostral medulla is not known. Our previous studies using rats demonstrated the loss of low but not high threshold...Full Text Available

2010-04-01

274

Role of vasopressin in regulation of renal kinin excretion in Long-Evans and diabetes insipidus rats.

A retrospective study of the relationship of season to the absorption of radiolead in laboratory rats was performed using data representing 305 animals from 36 experiments over 6 calendar years. Male...Full Text Available

1987-08-01

275

Responses of ventral respiratory neurones in the rat to vagus stimulation and the functional division of expiration.

To study the relationship between vasopressin and the renal kallikrein-kinin system we measured the rate of excretion of kinins into the urine of anesthetized rats during conditions of increased and...Full Text Available

1984-03-01

276

Regulation of Na(+)-K+ pump activity in contracting rat muscle.

In anaesthetized rats, extracellular and intracellular recordings were taken from 106 respiratory neurones in the intermediate region of the nucleus ambiguus. We observed unprovoked shortening of expiratory...Full Text Available

1994-04-01

277

Rates of glucose utilization and glucogenesis in rats in the basal state induced by halothane anaesthesia.

1. In rat soleus muscle, high frequency electrical stimulation produced a rapid increase in intracellular Na+ (Na+i) content. This was considerably larger in muscles contracting without developing tension...Full Text Available

1997-09-15

278

Protein stability and resistance to oxidative stress are determinants of longevity in the longest-living rodent, the naked mole-rat

1. Rates and rate coefficients of glucose utilization and replacement were determined with [5-3H]- and [U-14C]-glucose in rats starved for 24h, either conscious or under halothane anaesthesia, in a...Full Text Available

1977-03-15

279

Protein Targets of Reactive Metabolites of Thiobenzamide in Rat Liver In Vivo

The widely accepted oxidative stress theory of aging postulates that aging results from accumulation of oxidative damage. Surprisingly, data from the longest-living rodent known, naked mole-rats [MRs;...Full Text Available

2009-03-03

280

Progressive ratio performance following challenge with antipsychotics, amphetamine, or NMDA antagonists in adult rats treated perinatally with phencyclidine

Thiobenzamide (TB) is a potent hepatotoxin in rats, causing dose-dependent hyperbilirubinemia, steatosis, and centrolobular necrosis. These effects arise subsequent to and appear to result from...Full Text Available

2008-07-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

281

Preparation of internally labelled rat pituitary somatotropin (growth hormone).

RationalePrevious research has shown that rats exposed perinatally to phencyclidine (PCP) exhibited neuroanatomical abnormalities and altered cognition. In addition...Full Text Available

2004-12-01

282

Phosphotriesters in rat liver deoxyribonucleic acid after the administration of the carcinogen NN-dimethylnitrosamine in vivo.

Rat somatotropin (growth hormone) was labelled biosynthetically by incubating anterior pituitary lobes with radioactive amino acids for 24 h in a simple buffered salts medium containing glucose. The...Full Text Available

1978-03-01

283

Of mice and rats: key species variations in the sexual differentiation of brain and behavior

After treatment with NN-di[14C]methylnitrosamine, samples of DNA were isolated from rat livers by a conventional phenol procedure and examined for the presence of phosphotriesters. A method of capable...Full Text Available

1975-03-01

284

Neonatal E. coli infection alters glial, cytokine, and neuronal gene expression in response to acute amphetamine in adolescent rats

Mice and rats are important mammalian models in biomedical research. In contrast to other biomedical fields, work on sexual differentiation of brain and behavior has traditionally utilized comparative...Full Text Available

2010-07-01

285

Neonatal Alcohol Exposure Differentially Alters Clock Gene Oscillations Within the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Cerebellum, and Liver of Adult Rats

Neonatal bacterial infection in rats alters the responses to a variety of subsequent challenges later in life. Here we explored the effects of neonatal bacterial infection on a subsequent drug...Full Text Available

2010-04-19

286

Methylphenidate potentiates morphine-induced antinociception, hyperthermia, and locomotor activity in young adult rats

BackgroundIn rats, alcohol exposure during the period of rapid brain growth produces long-term changes in the free-running period, photoentrainment and phase-shifting...Full Text Available

2008-03-01

287

Metabolism of iodomethane in the rat

The goal of this study was to determine if the exaggerated morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) response seen in adult rats after preweanling methylphenidate exposure is unique...Full Text Available

2009-03-01

288

Lipotoxic heart disease in obese rats: Implications for human obesity

1. The LD₅₀ of iodomethane orally administered to rats is 76mg./kg. body wt. but repeated daily doses of 30–50mg./kg. body wt. are without effect. 2. Oral doses of iodomethane to...Full Text Available

1966-01-01

289

Interaction effects of ethanol and pyrazole in laboratory rodents

To determine the mechanism of the cardiac dilatation and reduced contractility of obese Zucker Diabetic Fatty rats, myocardial triacylglycerol (TG) was assayed chemically and morphologically. TG was...Full Text Available

2000-02-15

290

Induction of bladder cancer in rats by fractionated intravesicular doses of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea.

1. Interactions of pyrazole and ethanol were studied in three laboratory test procedures. They included sleeping time in mice, rotor rod balance in rats and lever pressing behaviour of rats. 2....Full Text Available

1971-09-01

291

Glutamate Receptor-Mediated Restoration of Experience-Dependent Place Field Expansion Plasticity in Aged Rats

Experiments were conducted to determine the dose response of rat bladder urothelium to a range of different single and fractionated intravesicular doses of the carcinogen, N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)....Full Text Available

1982-03-01

292

Glucose turnover in the post-absorptive rat and the effects of halothane anaesthesia.

Place fields of hippocampal pyramidal cells expand asymmetrically when adult rats repeatedly follow the same route. This behaviorally-induced expression of neuronal plasticity utilizes an NMDA_R-dependent,...Full Text Available

2008-06-01

293

Gastrointestinal abosrption of radionuclides by the neonatal rat, guinea pig and swine

1. Rates and rate coefficients of glucose utilization and replacement in post-absorptive rats, either conscious or under halothane anaesthesia, were determined in a thermoneutral environment by using...Full Text Available

1977-03-15

294

Evaluations of bacterial contaminated full thickness burn wound healing in Sprague Dawley rats Treated with Tualang honey

Ruthenium-106 administered to newborn rats and swine was incorporated into the epithelium of the lower small intestine and retained there for a few weeks after gavage; the stomach and small bowel of guinea pigs incorporated "1"0"6Ru but did not retain it.

1977-05-01

295

Effects of norepinephrine infusion on myocardial high-energy phosphate content and turnover in the living rat.

Aim:The effect of Tualang honey on wound healing in bacterial contaminated full-thickness burn wounds was evaluated in 36 male Sprague Dawley rats.Materials...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

296

Effect of neonatal exposure to estrogenic compounds on development of the excurrent ducts of the rat testis through puberty to adulthood.

Using 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance, we studied the relationship between myocardial high-energy phosphate content and flux values for the creatine kinase reaction in the living rat under inotropic...Full Text Available

1987-06-01

297

Effect of hypophysectomy on liver nuclear ribonucleic acid synthesis in aging rats.

Neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) can alter the structure of the testicular excurrent ducts in rats. We characterized these changes according to dose and time posttreatment and established...Full Text Available

1999-05-01

298

Effect of forced swimming stress on in-vivo fertilization capacity of rat and subsequent offspring quality

Changes in RNA synthesis in liver nuclei were observed at different ages and after hypophysectomy and hormone replacement in female Sprague-Dawley rats. As determined by the incorporation of [3H]UMP...Full Text Available

1979-12-15

299

Differing in vitro Survival Dependency of Mouse and Rat NG2⁺ Oligodendroglial Progenitor Cells

AIMS:This study aimed to determine the effect of 50 days of forced swimming stress on fertilization capacity of rat and subsequent offspring quality.SETTING...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

300

Developmental alcohol exposure disrupts circadian regulation of BDNF in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus

NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan is a surface marker of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) in various species. In contrast to well-studied rat OPCs, however, we found that purified...Full Text Available

2010-04-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

301

Development of circadian rhythmicity and light responsiveness in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus: a study using the 2-deoxy[1-14C]glucose method.

In rats, damage to neuronal populations in some brain regions occurs in response to neonatal alcohol exposure coinciding with the period of rapid brain growth. These alcohol-induced defects...Full Text Available

2004-01-01

302

Chromosome substitution reveals the genetic basis of Dahl salt-sensitive hypertension and renal disease

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is thought to play a critical role in circadian rhythm generation and entrainment to the light/dark cycle. In adult rats, the SCN shows a circadian...Full Text Available

1980-02-01

303

Characterization of the stimulatory effect of high-fat diets on peroxisomal beta-oxidation in rat liver.

This study examined the genetic basis of hypertension and renal disease in Dahl SS/Mcwi (Dahl Salt-Sensitive) rats using a complete chromosome substitution panel of consomic rats in which each of the...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

304

Characteristics of early- and late-recruited oxytocin bursting cells at the beginning of suckling in rats.

1. The effect on rat liver peroxisomal beta-oxidation of feeding diets containing various amounts of dietary oils was investigated. With increasing amounts (5-25%, w/w) of soya-bean oil an apparent,...Full Text Available

1982-08-15

305

Calcitriol but no other metabolite of vitamin D is essential for normal bone growth and development in the rat.

1. Paired or single recordings of paraventricular and/or supraoptic oxytocin cells at the beginning of suckling in urethane-anaesthetized rats enabled us to study cell recruitment and compare the characteristics...Full Text Available

1988-05-01

306

Assessment of tumour response in a rat rhabdomyosarcoma.

To determine the relative importance of different metabolites of vitamin D in bone growth and development, weanling male rat pups suckled by vitamin D-deficient mothers were given either calcitriol...Full Text Available

1984-02-01

307

Antidepressant-Like Effects of ?-Opioid Receptor Antagonists in Wistar Kyoto Rats

A rhabdomyosarcoma in a WAG/Rij rat with capacity for colony growth after tumour excision and enzymatic dissociation has been used to study response to high and low LET radiation. End points are tumor...Full Text Available

1980-04-01

308

Anti-erythrocyte autoantibody production in mice associated with the injection of rat erythrocytes.

The Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat strain is a putative genetic model of comorbid depression and anxiety. Previous research showing increased κ-opioid receptor (KOR)...Full Text Available

2010-02-01

309

An Automated Self-similarity Analysis of the Pulmonary Tree of the Sprague-Dawley Rat

Mice injected with rat erythrocytes developed anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies which reached a plateau at 4-12 weeks, then gradually declined until at about 24 weeks the majority of mice were negative....Full Text Available

1980-04-01

310

Acute change in the cyclic AMP content of rat mammary acini in vitro. Influence of physiological and pharmacological agents.

We present the results of an automated analysis of the morphometry of the pulmonary airway trees of the Sprague Dawley rat. Our work is motivated by a need to inform lower-dimensional mathematical...Full Text Available

2008-12-01

311

Hepatic abscess versus peripheral cholangiocarcinoma: Sonographic differentiation

The cyclic AMP content of acini, freshly prepared from mammary tissue of lactating rats, was measured during incubation in vitro. Neither adrenergic agonists nor cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors...Full Text Available

1985-08-15

312

Extensive peritoneal calcifications associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

To find out the sonographic findings that are useful to differentiate hepatic abscess from peripheral cholangiocarcinoma. Twenty-two hepatic abscesses and 22 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas which had been confirmed histologically were included in this study. Objective points were echo characteristics of the lesion, internal septation, presence of peripheral low echoic rim, demarcation from normal liver(well or poorly defined), posterior enhancement, multiplicity, dilatation of bile duct(obstructive or non-obstructive), intrahepatic duct stone, pleural effusion, and intra-abdominal fluid collection. Echo characteristics of the lesion were classified in-to four types. Type I; Predominantly echogenic with hypoechoic portion, type II; Echogenic without hypoechoic portion, type III; Predominantly hypoechoic with echogenic portion, type IV; Hypoechoic without echogenic portion. 1)Nine abscesses and 2 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas were type ...

2000-12-01

313

Evaluation of biliary disease by scintigraphy

Peritoneal calcification, which can lead to intestinal obstruction and potentially lethal hemoperitoneum, is a rare complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. We describe a case in which extensive peritoneal calcification had arisen for this reason. Although the patient was asymptomatic, extensive calcification was present on the parietal and visceral peritoneum, including the hepatic and splenic surface. (author)

2000-07-01

314

Contribution of pulmonary emphysema to functional impairment in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A high-resolution CT study

The value of biliary scintigraphy was studied in 180 patients with suspected biliary tract disease. Most of the patients were investigated additionally by conventional techniques such as cholecystography, cholangiography and ultrasonography. It is concluded that biliary scintigraphy is a simple and safe technique for visualization of the biliary tract. It is particularly useful in the evaluation of acute cholecystitis, in patients with iodine sensitivity obstructive from nonobstructive jaundice.

1981-01-01

315

Vasorelaxant Activities of Aqueous Extracts from Twenty Medicinal Plants Used in Oriental Medicines in Isolated Rat Aorta

The purpose of the paper is to investigate whether high-resolution CT (HRCT) can detect the subjects with massive emphysematous destruction in a group of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and therefor be of help in selecting the candidates to surgical lung volume reduction. Have been examined 40 former smokers with severe COPD (FEV_1#<=#40% of the predicted value, with no major improvement after inhalation of bronchodilators). The emphysema extent score was significantly correlated with the hematocrit value and Tiffeneau index (p<2) in all the 40 patients. The severity of bronchial obstruction was the same in bronchitis and dyspnoeic patients. The subject with chronic bronchitis had milder emphysema (mean extent 35% versus 47% in the dyspnoeic subjects) and a higher frequency of bronchial involvement. A decrease in FEV_1 was significantly correlated with emphysema extent (p<1) in dyspnoeic, but not in ...

1999-01-01

316

The Effects of Dietary Chinese Cabbage Kimchi Juice on the Lipid Metabolism and Body Weight Gain in Rats Fed High-Calories-Diet

Full Text Available

2010-09-01

317

The Effect of Alcohol Administration on Selenium Concentration and Cell Morphology of Heat and Liver of Rats Fed with the Different Levels of Selenium and Vitamin E

Full Text Available

2004-01-01

318

Study of the effects of a prenatal or postnatal irradiation of 150 rads in adult rats

Full Text Available

1993-12-01

319

Neuroprotective Activities of Some Medicinal Plants against Glutamate-induced Neurotoxicity in Primary Cultures of Rat Cortical Cells

Pregnant females and newborn rats were exposed to a gamma irradiation of 150 rads. The stage of gestation at the time of irradiation varied from 14 to 21 days. The newborn rats were irradiated at 0, 1 and 2 days of age. The effect of irradiation of foetus and newborn rats depends on the age of the animal at the time of irradiation. This effect was specially important at the beginning of the foetal life. Neonatal mortality, growth of body weight and adult brain development were investigated. A modification of germ cell radiosensitivity during the period studied, was emphasized.

320

Gastrointestinal absorption of transuranic elements by rats

Full Text Available

2009-09-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

321

Effects of the Feeding Mixed Oils of the Butter, Sardine and Safflower Oils on Fatty Acid Metabolism of Serum and Liver in Rats

Absorption of ''organically bound'' "2"3"3U and "2"4"1Am from gastrointestinal tracts of adult rats was twice that of the inorganic nitrate form. There was no difference between transport of "2"3"2U and "2"3"3U by adult rats, but "2"3"2U absorption by newborn rats was four times that of "2"3"3U. Absorption of "2"3"8Pu nitrate through the gut of the newborn is relatively insensitive to dose but incorporation in the gut mucosa saturates at high dose levels. Absorption of "2"3"8Pu is greater at 4 hr of age than at 24 hr.

1977-05-01

322

Effects of Green Tea Catechin on Serum Lipid Composition and Angiotensin- Converting Enzyme Activity in Rats Exposed to Microwave

Full Text Available

1992-12-01

323

Effects of Feeding the Mixed Oils of Butter, Sardine and Safflower on the Lipid Components in Serum and Activities of Hepatic Functional Enzymes in Rats

Full Text Available

2004-06-01

324

Effect of Medicinal Plant Water Extracts on Glucose-regulating Enzyme Activities in Goto-Kakizaki Rat Liver Cytosol

Full Text Available

1992-12-01

325

Effect of Garlic and Medicinal Plants Composites on the Liver Function and Lipid Metabolism of Rats Administered with Ethanol During the Short-term

Full Text Available

2009-10-01

326

Effect of Feeding Garcinia Cambogia Extract (HCA) and/or L-Carnitine and Exorcise on Body Weight in Rats

Full Text Available

2009-07-01

327

Effect of Dietary Fat Sources and L-arginine Supplementation on Endothelial function and Lipid Metabolism in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Full Text Available

2005-10-01

328

Differential Effect of Homocysteic Acid and Cysteic Acid on Changes of Inositol Phosphates and $[Ca^{2+}]i$ in Rat Cerebellar Granule Cells

Full Text Available

2002-01-01

329

Antiobesity Effect of Major Korean Spices (Red Pepper Powder, Garlic and Ginger) in Rats Fed High Fat Diet

Full Text Available

1998-02-01

330

Angiography in dibuthylnitrosamine-induced rat bladder tumours

Full Text Available

2005-03-01

331

Study on the distribution of P-32 in chicken

(1972). Denmark Ekelund, L. Goethlin, J. Henrikson, H. Letter-to-the-

332

EFFECT OF SODIUM PENTOBARBITAL ON BEHAVIORAL THERMOREGULATION IN RATS AND MICE

Radioactive phosphorus (P-32) was injected to the chicken in the purpose of determination of the uptake and distribution, as related to sex and hour differences of the various organs of the body. 2..mu..Ci of P-32 were injected to each chicken and the distribution of P-32 was observed at 1 hr, 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs and 48 hrs after injection. In this experiment 34 heads of chicken were used (30 chicken for P-32, 4 chicken for control group) and the results obtained as follows: 1. The uptake of P-32 per gram of various organ in g. mm, femur (1 hr), liver, femur, tibia (24 hrs) and tibia (48 hrs) exhibited higher in the male than the female. 2. The uptake of P-32 per gram of various organ in heart, kidney, ovary (1 hr), kidney, brain (24 hrs) and kidney (48 hrs) exhibited higher in the female than the male. 3. The uptake ratio of brain, spleen, g. mm and tibia were increased gradually by the 12 hrs after injection of P-32, ...

1981-12-01

333

Discordant expression and variable numbers of neighboring GGA- and GAA-rich triplet repeats in the 3' untranslated regions of two groups of messenger RNAs encoded by the rat polymeric immunoglobulin receptor gene.

The experiment was designed to study the effects of sodium pentobarbital on behavioral thermoregulation in rats and mice. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of sodium pentobarbital in doses of 0, 1, 5, 10 or 15 mg/kg and male CBA/J mice were giv...

334

Health-hazard evaluation report HETA 85-354-1872, Asarco, Denver, Colorado

An unusual S1-nuclease sensitive microsatellite (STMS) has been found in the single copy, rat polymeric immunoglobulin receptor gene (PIGR) terminal exon. In Fisher rats, elements within or beyond the...Full Text Available

1995-04-11

335

Ectopic expression of Cux1 is associated with reduced p27 expression and increased apoptosis during late stage cyst progression upon inactivation of Pkd1 in collecting ducts

An evaluation was made of possible hazardous working conditions at the ASARCO Globe facility, Denver, Colorado. The facility was involved in the recovery of cadmium from baghouse dust, a waste byproduct of nonferrous smelters. A medical study of kidney function was conducted in 45 current or former cadmium production workers; results were compared to those for 35 hospital workers. Kidney abnormalities were more common and more severe in the cadmium workers than in the hospital workers. Abnormalities of proximal tubular function included reduced reabsorption of beta-2-microglobulin, retinol binding protein, calcium and phosphate. Glomerular dysfunction was evidenced as elevated serum creatinine. As length of exposure to cadmium increased, changes became more apparent in workers. No reversal of the conditions was noted in workers who had ceased to be exposed to cadmium some time before the study. The authors conclude that occupational ...

1988-02-01

336

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Polycystic kidney diseases (PKD) are inherited disorders characterized by fluid-filled cysts primarily in the kidneys. We previously reported differences between the expression of Cux1, p21, and p27 in the cpk and Pkd1 null mouse models of PKD. Embryonic lethality of Pkd1 null mice limits its study to early stages of kidney development. Therefore, we examined mice with a collecting duct specific deletion in the Pkd1 gene. Cux1 was ectopically expressed in the cyst lining epithelial cells of newborn, P7 and P15 Pkd1CD mice. Cux1 expression correlated with cell proliferation in early stages of cystogenesis, however, as the disease progressed, fewer cyst lining cells showed increased cell proliferation. Rather, Cux1 expression in late stage cystogenesis was associated with increased ...

2011-01-01

337

Lung deposits of Lipiodol in normal and cirrhotic rats

Human and rat mast cell high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptors: Characterization of putative. alpha. -chain gene products

The distribution of Lipiodol in the liver and lungs following arterial or portal injection was studied in normal (n=55) and cirrhotic rats (n=20). Using magnified xeroradiography and radioisotope labeled tracers, it was found that Lipiodol was deposited mainly in the liver and lung after either arterial or portal administration. In control rats after arterial injection, deposits in the lung peaked after 2 hours and gradually declined over 48 hours; whereas after portal injection, the deposit steadily increased for 48 hours. Twenty-five percent of cirrhotic rats demonstrated a Lipiodol-induced miliary pattern in the lung. An increased number of portosystemic shunts in cirrhotic rats was also noted. These results suggest that cirrhosis of the liver may be a potential risk factor for developing pulmonary complications after Lipiodol administration. (orig.).

1991-11-01

338

Blood gene expression markers to detect and distinguish target organ toxicity

The authors have cloned and determined the entire nucleotide sequence of cDNAs corresponding to the putative {alpha} subunits of the human and rat mast cell high-affinity IgE receptors. Both human and rat cDNAs encode an NH{sub 2}-terminal signal peptide, two immunoglobulin-like extracellular domains (encoded by discrete exons), a hydrophobic transmembrane region, and a positively charged cytoplasmic tail. The human and rat {alpha} subunits share an overall homology with one another and the immunoglobulin gene family, suggesting that they arose from a common ancestral gene and continue to share structural homology with their ligands. In addition, the rat gene is transcribed into at least three distinct forms, each of which yields a somewhat different coding sequence.

1988-03-01

339

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the expression of specific genes in peripheral blood can be used as surrogate marker(s) to detect and distinguish target organ toxicity induced by chemicals in rats. Rats were intraperitoneally administered a single, acute dose of a well-established hepatotoxic (acetaminophen) or a neurotoxic (methyl parathion) chemical. Administration of acetaminophen (AP) in the rats resulted in hepatotoxicity as evidenced from elevated blood transaminase activities. Similarly, administration of methyl parathion (MP) resulted in neurotoxicity in the rats as evidenced from the inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase activity in their blood. Administration of either chemical also resulted in mild hematotoxicity in the rats. Microarray analysis of the global ...

2010-01-01

340

Suppression of receptors for prolactin and estrogen in rat liver due to treatment with the growth hormone analogue produced by the tapeworm Spirometra mansonoides.

Increase in phorbol ester binding in liver microsomes after chronic administration of phenobarbital

Somatogenic hormones play an important role in regulation of receptors for prolactin (PRL) and estrogen. Plerocercoids of the tapeworm, S. mansonoides produce a factor which mimics some, but not all of the actions reported for GH. Intact female rats were subjected to a constant infusion of plerocercoid growth factor (PGF) via a subcutaneous infection for two weeks to determine if PGF influences receptors for PRL, GH or estradiol. The rate of weight gain in the PGF-treated rats was accelerated in spite of a marked reduction in serum GH. Partially-purified PGF specifically displaced [125I]hGH from rat liver receptors but microsomes prepared from rats treated with PGF specifically bound significantly less [125I]hGH than microsomes from control rats. The reduction in [125I]hGH binding was not due to occupancy or to a change in affinity but to a suppression in receptor concentration. ...

1986-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

341

Hemodynamic characterization of chronic bile duct-ligated rats: effect of pentobarbital sodium

The effect of chronic administration of phenobarbital on the binding of phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate (({sup 3}H)PDBu), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), was examined in rat liver microsomes. A significant increase in the number of binding sites was observed in microsomes of Fisher 344 rats. However, no change appeared in liver cytosol binding of PDBu. Consequently, a translocation process of PKC is unlikely. The increase in ({sup 3}H)PDBu binding in liver microsomes is significant 24 h. after one injection of phenobarbital and reaches its maximum in 2 days. In other strains of rats (ACI and lean Zucker), significant differences were found in the increase of ({sup 3}H)PDBu binding in microsomes. Fisher 344 were the most sensitive, lean Zucker rats, the least sensitive. Those results parallel the pentoxy-resorufin O demethylase activity in the microsomes of the same animals. EC{sub 50} values for ...

1991-03-15

342

Transient azotaemia is associated with a high risk of death in hospitalized patients

Systemic and splanchnic hemodynamics of the chronic bile duct-ligated rat were characterized by radioactive microspheres. Conscious and pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized, bile duct-ligated and sham-operated rats had cardiac output and regional organ blood flows determined. The conscious bile duct-ligated rat compared with the sham-operated showed a hyperdynamic circulation with an increased cardiac output and portal tributary blood flow. Pentobarbital sodium anesthesia induced marked hemodynamic changes in both sham-operated and bile duct-ligated rats. The latter group was especially sensitive to its effects; thus, comparison of cardiac output and portal tributary blood flow between anesthetized bile duct-ligated and sham-operated rats showed no significant differences. The authors conclude that the rat with cirrhosis due to chronic bile duct ligation is an ...

343

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background.There are no suitably powered epidemiological studies of `transient azotaemia' (TA). The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of TA and its independent association with hospital mortality. We hypothesized that TA would be associated with an independent increase in the risk of death. Methods.We retrospectively studied all patients admitted to a university-affiliated hospital in Australia between January 2000 and December 2002. Patients were excluded if they were <15 years old, were on chronic dialysis, had kidney transplant or if their length of hospital stay was <24 hours. We defined TA as rapidly recovering acute kidney injury (AKI) (return to no-AKI risk, injury, failure, loss, end stage (RIFLE) class within 72 hours of onset). We performed descriptive and ...

2010-01-01

344

The incidence of acute kidney injury in patients with traumatic brain injury

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

There is limited information on the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) although AKI may contribute to morbidity and mortality. We investigated the incidence of AKI in patients with moderate and severe TBI and the association of AKI with risk factors and outcomes in these patients. We studied all TBI patients over 16 years of age admitted to the two designated trauma hospitals in the state of Victoria, Australia from 1 January to 31 December 2008. Patients were included if they had head trauma and presented with a Glasgow coma scale (GCS) <13. Prospectively collected data from the hospital trauma registries, ICUs, and pathology databases were analyzed retrospectively. Risk injury failure loss end (RIFLE) criteria were used to categorize rena...

2010-01-01

345

PREVENTION OF INFECTION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PART III: SURVEILLANCE AND AUDITING IN A RENAL CARE ENVIRONMENT

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary This third paper, in a three-part CE series on the preventions of infection in patients with chronic kidney disease, focuses on surveillance and auditing of healthcare-associated infections within the renal care environment. The last decade has seen an increased awareness of the threat to patient safety from healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) and the emergence of multi-drug resistance organisms. Effective HCAI prevention strategies include adequate governance structures, access to expert advice, adherence to standard and transmission-based precautions, minimising the use of invasive medical devices, and surveillance. Surveillance data can be collected using outcome (e.g. infection) and/or process (e.g. hand hygiene compliance audit) measures. Establishing a surveillance program...

2011-01-01

346

Histological analysis of 70-nm silica particles-induced chronic toxicity in mice

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Nano-sized silica is a promising material for disease diagnosis, cosmetics and drugs. For the successful application of nano-sized material in bioscience, evaluation of nano-sized material toxicity is important. We previously found that nano-sized silica particles with a diameter of 70nm showed acute liver failure in mice. Here, we performed histological analysis of major organs such as the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain and heart in mice, chronically injected with 70-nm silica particles for 4weeks. Histological analysis revealed hepatic microgranulation and splenic megakaryocyte accumulation in these 70-nm silica particles treated mice, while the kidney, lung, brain and heart remained unaffected. Thus, liver and spleen appear to be the major target organs for toxicity by the chronic a...

2009-01-01

347

Effect of some chemicals on the radiation-induced lipid peroxidation

Dendrosomes as novel gene porters-III

The effect of exposure to gamma rays on LPO contents in liver, spleen and kidney of mice and the anti-lipid-peroxidation of preparations of chinonin, tannic acid and squalene were reported. All these preparations were given by intragastric perfusion. For LPO, a modified method of TBA spectrophotometry was used for determination. The results show that LPO contents in tissues increased 72 h after whole-body exposure of mice to gamma rays, that in range of 0-4 Gy, there was a linear relationship between radiation doses and LPO contents, and that all three preparations were effective in reduction of the LPO content in liver, spleen and kidney of mice, with chinonin (at dose of 0.35 mg/mouse#centre dot#day) being more effective than tannic acid (at dose of 15 mg/mouse#centre dot#day) and squalene (at dose of 0.6 mg/mouse#centre dot#day).

348

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

BACKGROUND: It was previously reported that dendrosomes, i.e. neutral, biodegradable, covalent or self-assembled, hyperbranched, spheroidal nano-particles with a size ranging from 15 to 100 nm, provide a convenient and efficient means of gene delivery into various kinds of cells such as human hepatoma and kidney cells as well as animal models.RESULTS: New studies via circular dichroism show that hydrophilic and amphipathic dendrosomes either do not affect the DNA structure or moderately transform it from B- to A-conformation. Gene delivery into human liver, kidney, and endothelial cells as well as other animal cells like Bowes, U-937, Raw, CCRF-CEM, MOLT-4, K562, Huh-7 and VERO reveal that the genes are efficiently expressed and in comparison with other gene porters like Lipofectin or bact...

2008-01-01

349

Element distribution in the brain sections of rats measured by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence

Effects of chronic swimming training on cardiac sarcolemmal function and composition.

The concentration of trace elements in brain sections was measured by synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence. The relative concentration was calculated by means of the normalization of Compton scattering intensity approximately 22 keV, after the normalization for collecting time of X-ray spectrum and the counting of the ion chamber, and subtracting the contribution of the polycarbonate film for supporting sample. Furthermore, the statistical evaluation of the element distribution in various regions of the brain sections of the 20-day-old rats was tested. For investigating the distribution of elements in the brain of iodine deficient rats, Wistar rats were fed with iodine deficient diet and deionized water (ID group). The rats were fed the same iodine deficient diet, but drank KIO_3 solution as control (CT group). The results showed that the contents of calcium (Ca) in thalamus (TH) and copper (Cu) and ...

2004-02-27

350

Evaluation of Dynamic Passing Sight Distance Problem Using a Finite Element Model

Cardiac contractile function is dependent on the integrity and function of the sarcolemmal membrane. Swimming exercise training is known to increase cardiac contractile performance. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether a swimming exercise program would alter sarcolemmal enzyme activity, ion flux, and composition in rat hearts. After approximately 11 wk of exercise training, cardiac myosin and actomyosin Ca2+-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) activity was significantly higher in exercised rat hearts than in sedentary control rat hearts. Glycogen content was increased in plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles from exercised animals as was succinic dehydrogenase activity in gastrocnemius muscle of exercised rats in comparison to sedentary rat preparations. Sarcolemmal vesicles were isolated from hearts of exercise-trained and control rats. ...

1989-04-01

351

Complications of gallstone disease: Mirizzi syndrome, cholecystocholedochal fistula, and gallstone ileus.

Sufficient passing sight distance is an important control for two-lane rural highway design to minimize the possibility of a head-on collision between passing and opposing vehicles. Traditionally, passing zones are marked by checking passing sight distance that is potentially restricted by static sight obstructions. Such obstructions include crest curves, overpasses, and lateral objects along highways. This paper proposes a new concept of dynamic sight-distance assessment, which involves restricted passing sight distances due to the impeding vehicles that are traveling in the same direction. Using a finite-element model, the dynamic passing sight-distance problem was evaluated, and the writers analyzed the relationships between the available passing sight distance and other factors such as the horizontal curve radius, impeding vehicle dimensions, and a driver s following distance. It was found that the impeding vehicles may cause substantially ...

2008-06-01

352

Wild-type p53 is not a negative regulator of simian virus 40 DNA replication in infected monkey cells.

Gallstone is a common disease with a 10% prevalence in the United States and Western Europe. However, it is only symptomatic in 20-30% of patients, with biliary pain "colic" being the most common symptom. Complications of asymptomatic gallstone disease are generally rare, with an incidence of <1 %/yr. The most common complications of gallstone disease are acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, ascending cholangitis, and gangrenous gallbladder. Less frequent complications include Mirizzi syndrome, cholecystocholedochal fistula, and gallstone ileus. Mirizzi syndrome and cholecystocholedochal fistula are two manifestations of the same process that starts with impaction of a gallstone in the gallbladder neck that results in obstruction of the bile duct, causing jaundice. The gallstone may erode into the bile duct, causing cholecystocholedochal fistula. Gallstone ileus refers to small bowel obstruction resulting from the impaction of one or ...

2002-02-01

353

The loss of lead in biological materials following different drying and ashing procedures

To analyze the proposed growth-inhibitory function of wild-type p53, we compared simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication in primary rhesus monkey kidney (PRK) cells, which express wild-type p53, and...Full Text Available

1993-02-01

354

Safety and immunogenicity of ERA strain of rabies virus propagated in a BHK-21 cell line.

The loss of lead in various kinds of biological materials after drying and ashing is studied by using "2"0"3Pb as tracer which is intravenously injected into mice. The experimental results show that although the oven ashing can be used for determining the lead in samples of lung, kidney, and liver, etc., the oxygen plasma and high pressure digestion are the most suitable methods for the determination of lead in biological materials. (author) 5 refs.; 2 tabs.

355

Pharmacological Properties and Physiological Function of a P2X-Like Current in Single Proximal Tubule Cells Isolated from Frog Kidney

The ERA strain of rabies virus was propagated in a baby hamster kidney cell line (BHK-21/C13). The viral titer was 10(1.8) tissue culture infective doses (TCID) higher than that of commercial ERA vaccine....Full Text Available

1989-10-01

356

Although previous studies have provided evidence for the expression of P2X receptors in renal proximal tubule, only one cell line study has provided functional evidence. The current study investigated...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

357

ORNL `90

This overview of research conducted at ORNL in 1991 presents information on the subjects of biology, physics, and the environment. Specific topics include gene mutations in kidney disease, technology assessments in thermonuclear fusion, submarine hunting technology, ozone-safe refrigerants, optical data storage via surface enhanced raman spectroscopy, and waste mitigating microbes. (GHH)

1990-12-31

358

ORNL '90

Induction of Porphyrin Synthesis in Etiolated Bean Leaves by Chelators of Iron ¹²

This overview of research conducted at ORNL in 1991 presents information on the subjects of biology, physics, and the environment. Specific topics include gene mutations in kidney disease, technology assessments in thermonuclear fusion, submarine hunting technology, ozone-safe refrigerants, optical data storage via surface enhanced raman spectroscopy, and waste mitigating microbes. (GHH)

1990-01-01

359

Increased renal corticomedullary FDG activity in a patient of NHL-malignant or benign?

Primary leaves of 7- to 9-day-old etiolated seedlings of Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Red Kidney infiltrated in darkness with aqueous solutions of α, α′-dipyridyl,...Full Text Available

1974-02-01

360

The efficacy of metallic stent placement in the treatment of colorectal obstruction

Authors describe diagnostic dilemma of differentiating pyelonephritis with lymphomatous involvement of kidney in a known case of lymphoma. FDG uptake pattern was non-discriminatory and pyelonephritis diagnosed retrospectively on follow up study. Authors emphasize the importance of recognition of features and subtle clues of infection evident on CT component of PET-CT. (author)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

361

Shredders and riparian vegetation

To evaluate the efficacy of newly designed covered and non-covered coated colorectal stents for colonic decompression. Twenty-six patients, (15 palliative cases and 11 preoperative) underwent treatment for the relief of colorectal obstruction using metallic stents positioned under fluoroscopic guidance. In 24 of the 26, primary colorectal carcinoma was diagnosed, and in the remaining two, recurrent colorectal carcinoma. Twenty-one patients were randomly selected to receive either a type A or type B stent; for the remaining five, type C was used. Type A, an uncovered nitinol wire stent, was lightly coated to ensure structural integrity. Type B (flare type) and C (shoulder type) stents were polyurethane covered and their diameter was 24 and 26mm, respectively. The rates of technical success, clinical success, and complications were analyzed using the chi-square test, and to analyse the mean period of patency, the Kaplan-Meier method was used. Thirty of 31 attempted ...

2002-06-01

362

Role of Surgery After Chemotherapy in B-Cell Lymphoma of Thymus Causing Airway Compression and Right Ventricle Outflow Tract Obstruction

Stream invertebrates that feed on leaf litter are intimately tied to the nature and timing of the litter input. These invertebrates are called shredders; they consume streamside, riparian litter that has become trapped in the stream channel. This plant litter accumulates at the leading edge of obstructions in the current and settles out in pools, alcoves, and other depositional zones. Given the extensive literature that has accumulated over the last 20 years, researchers can now develop a general, testable model that relates riparian plant communities to the stream shredders, which depend upon litter derived from those communities.

1989-01-01

363

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Primary B-cell lymphoma of thymus is uncommon. We describe the case of a 23-year-old woman with a history of shortness of breath and distended neck veins of 1-month duration. A chest roentgenogram and computed tomographic chest scan of the showed a large anterior mediastinal mass. Tru-cut biopsy revealed primary B-cell lymphoma of thymus. She underwent chemotherapy with no symptomatic improvement. Post-chemotherapy computed tomographic scan of the chest showed no appreciable reduction in tumor size. Surgical excision was carried out with excellent results.

2011-01-01

364

Recent advances in pharmacotherapy for dyspnea in COPD

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Dyspnea is the most distressing symptom experienced by those suffering from advanced stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Activity-related dyspnea in COPD is multifactorial but is associated with increased central neural drive, impaired dynamic respiratory mechanics and abnormal respiratory muscle function. Each of these components can potentially be targeted for pharmacotherapy. Recent advances in the pharmacotherapy of COPD include the development of new long-acting bronchodilators which, when combined, provide sustained improvements in dyspnea. Additionally, novel applications of older therapies such as opiates, furosemide, helium-oxygen, and statins show early promise as dyspnea-relieving interventions in COPD. Effective pharmacological manipulation of the affective ...

2011-01-01

365

Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Diurnal variation of phytoplankton community in a high frequency area of HABs: Daya Bay, China

Objective: To evaluate the effect of PTBD in treating malignant biliary obstruction caused by hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 103 patients(M:62,F:41)with malignant obstructive jaundice caused by hilar cholangiocarcinoma. After taking percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, metallic stent or plastic external catheter or external-internal catheter for drainage was deployed and then followed up was undertaken with clinical and radiographic evaluation and laboratory. examination. Results: All patients went though PTBD successfully (100%). According to Bismuth classification, all 103 cases consisted of I type(N=30), II type (N=30), III type (N=26) and IV type (N=17). Thirty-nine cases were placed with 47 stents and 64 eases with drainage tubes. 4 cases installed two stems for bilateral drainage, 2 cases installed two stents because of long segmental strictures with stent in stent, 1 case was placed with ...

2007-10-01

366

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Phytoplankton community was investigated in the cage culture area of Daya Bay during a diurnal cycle. Two rainfalls occurred during the course of the experiment and decreased the surface seawater salinity in the aquaculture area. A total of 38 species were identified, of which the dominant species included Pseudo-nitzschia spp. and Skeletonema costatum. Water stratification obstructed the vertical migration of dinoflagellates. Statistical analysis indicated that Synechococcus showed negative relationship with silicate and ammonia, which indicated that Synechococcus adapted to grow at oligotrophic environment. Phytoplankton community structure implied the risk of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. blooms in the aquaculture area of Daya Bay.

2011-01-01

367

Coke fouling process on the oil refining; Processo de incrustacao por coque no refino do petroleo

Reduced exposure to microwave radiation by rats: frequency specific effects

The heavy crude fraction processing is performed under very high vacuum to minimize thermal cracking which cause coke deposition and damage the equipment. The current tendency is to process heavier oil leading to higher process temperatures and consequently to greater fouling. This situation demands better knowledge fouling process by carbonization. This problem is pronounced in the residual gasoil region of a vacuum distillation unit because it obstructs the recirculation circuits and the spray system with serious environmental and economics implications. This paper review the main correlated published work related to coke generation and fouling and presents a discussion about the works. (author)

2004-07-01

368

Homology analyses of the protein sequences of fatty acid synthases from chicken liver, rat mammary gland, and yeast

Previous research has shown that SAR hotspots are induced within the laboratory rat and that the resulting thermal hotspots are not entirely dissipated by bloodflow. Two experiments were conducted to determine if hotspot formation in the body and tail of the rat, which is radiation frequency specific, would have behavioral consequences. In the first experiment rats were placed in a plexiglas cage one side of which, when occupied by the rat, commenced microwave radiation exposure; occupancy of the other side terminated exposure. Groups of rats were tested during a baseline period to determine the naturally preferred side of the cage. Subsequent exposure to 360-MHz, 700-MHz or 2450-MHz microwave radiation was made contingent on preferred-side occupancy. A significant reduction in occupancy of the preferred side of the cage, and hence, microwaves subsequently occurred. Reduced exposure ...

1988-01-01

369

Effect of butylated hydroxytoluene pretreatment on the excretion, tissue distribution and DNA binding of (/sup 14/C)aflatoxin B1 in the rat

Homology analyses of the protein sequences of chicken liver and rat mammary gland fatty acid synthases were carried out. The amino acid sequences of the chicken and rat enzymes are 67% identical. If conservative substitutions are allowed, 78% of the amino acids are matched. A region of low homologies exists between the functional domains, in particular around amino acid residues 1059-1264 of the chicken enzyme. Homologies between the active sites of chicken and rat and of chicken and yeast enzymes have been analyzed by an alignment method. A high degree of homology exists between the active sites of the chicken and rat enzymes. However, the chicken and yeast enzymes show a lower degree of homology. The DADPH-binding dinucleotide folds of the {beta}-ketoacyl reductase and the enoyl reductase sites were identified by comparison with a known consensus sequence for the DADP- and FAD-binding dinucleotide ...

1989-11-01

370

Bioavailability of lead in rats fed human diets

The effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) pretreatment (0.5% in the diet for 10 days) on the excretion, tissue distribution and DNA binding of orally administered (/sup 14/C)aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) was determined in male Fischer F344 rats. The amount of radioactivity excreted in the urine and feces by 24 hr was higher in BHT-treated rats than in controls. Treatment with BHT enhanced the excretion of water-soluble metabolites in the urine and in the large intestines plus feces at the earlier sampling times. The amount of radioactivity bound to hepatic nuclear DNA was six times less in the BHT-pretreated rats than in controls 6 hr after administration of the isotope. The half-lives of (/sup 14/C)DNA in the rat liver were 30 and 46 hr for control and BHT-pretreated rats, respectively. These results indicate that BHT pretreatment may protect the animal from the carcinogenic effects of ...

1985-06-01

371

Health-hazard evaluation report HETA 88-108-2146, Asarco New Market/Young Mines, Mascot, Tennessee

The bioavailability of lead was studied in rats fed various baby foods (Babymix-turkey, Babymix-vegetables, Frutolino-fruit, Frutamix-bananas, Babyron-S-26, Truefood), cow's milk, bread, liver and standard rat diet. Lead absorption was determined by measuring the whole body retention of "2"0"3Pb 6 days after a single oral application. Highest absorption values ranging from 17 to 20% were obtained in animals fed cow's milk and fruit foods. Rats on other human diets absorbed between 3 and 8% of the radioactive lead dose. Only in animals on rat diet lead absorption was below 1%. It is concluded that rats fed human diets show absorption values similar to those in humans. This might indicate that the bioavailability of lead is primarily dependent on dietary habits. This experimental model, if confirmed by further work, might be useful for obtaining preliminary data on the bioavailability ...

372

CT characterization of bile duct dilatation: Differential diagnosis of obstructive jaundice

In response to a request from the International Chemical Workers Union, Akron, Ohio, an investigation was made into possible hazardous working conditions at two American Smelting and Refining Company (SIC-1031) zinc mines (New Market and Young) in Mascot, Tennessee. Specifically, exposures to asbestos (1332214), silica (14808607), and diesel emissions were determined. At both mines overexposures were found to nitrogen-dioxide (10102440) (NO2) and coal-tar pitch volatiles. Twenty-four percent of the NO2 measurements taken were above the NIOSH recommended ceiling of 1 part per million (ppm), but none exceeded the Mine Safety and Health Administration's (MSHA) ceiling of 5ppm. Exposure to diesel particulates ranged from 0.24 to 1.06mg/cu m. None of the 52 respirable dust samples collected exceeded the calculated MSHA limits for free silica exposure. A medical evaluation was offered and 83 of the 400 current employees and one retired employee participated. Seven underground ...

1991-10-01

373

CT characterization of bile duct dilatation: Differential diagnosis of obstructive jaundice

Each disease affecting the bile ducts tends to produce characteristic pattern of biliary dilatation: recurrent pyogenic cholangitis causes dilatation and straightening of the larger (central) intrahepatic ducts: clonorchiasis causes dilatation of the smaller (peripheral) intrahepatic ducts; and carcinoma along the extrahepatic ducts causes (proportional) dilatation and tortuosity of both larger and smaller intrahepatic ducts. To evaluate the specificity of the pattern and morphology of the dilated biliary tree on CT scans (CT characterization) three independent radiologists who were unifamiliar with the cases were asked to classify 62 CT scans in patients with obstructive jaundice. The case population consisted of 14 cases with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, 18 cases with clonorchiasis and 30 cases with carcinoma along the extrahepatic ducts, which were intermixed randomly. Classification was made only on the basis of CT characterization: those scans showing ...

1992-07-15

374

Removal of "2"3"9Pu from the rat with an orally administered chelon

Each disease affecting the bile ducts tends to produce characteristic pattern of biliary dilatation: recurrent pyogenic cholangitis causes dilatation and straightening of the larger (central) intrahepatic ducts: clonorchiasis causes dilatation of the smaller (peripheral) intrahepatic ducts; and carcinoma along the extrahepatic ducts causes (proportional) dilatation and tortuosity of both larger and smaller intrahepatic ducts. To evaluate the specificity of the pattern and morphology of the dilated biliary tree on CT scans (CT characterization) three independent radiologists who were unifamiliar with the cases were asked to classify 62 CT scans in patients with obstructive jaundice. The case population consisted of 14 cases with recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, 18 cases with clonorchiasis and 30 cases with carcinoma along the extrahepatic ducts, which were intermixed randomly. Classification was made only on the basis of CT characterization: those scans showing ...

1992-07-01

375

Gastrointestinal absorption of alfalfa-bound plutonium-238 by rats and guinea pigs

The oral administration of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) to rats injected intravenously 1 hr previously with "2"3"9Pu citrate caused an increase in urinary excretion of Pu about 8 times that of animals treated with 0.9% NaCl (controls). Liver retention of Pu was decreased from 18% at 2 days in the control animals to 11% in DHB-treated rats. The skeletal retention was similarly reduced from 56% in the control group to 40% in the DHB-treated animals.

1977-05-01

376

Deposition and retention of inhaled "2"3"9PuO_2 aerosols in new born and adult rats

Rats and guinea pigs were fed "2"3"8Pu either biologically incorporated into alfalfa (by growth of the plant on soil containing Pu) or added as a solution to alfalfa, or were gavaged with a Pu solution. Depending upon the plant material fed, there appeared to be a twofold increase in "2"3"8Pu-gut absorption by the rat and a two- to fourfold increase in the guinea pig as compared with absorption from the Pu solution. The data, though limited and variable, suggest that Pu bound to plant tissue may have higher gut absorptivity than inorganic Pu in both herbivorous and nonherbivorous rodents.

1977-05-01

377

Biodistribution of phenylboric acid derivative entrapped lipiodol and 4-borono-2-{sup 18}F-fluoro-L-phenylalanine-fructose in GP7TB liver tumor bearing rats for BNCT

Adult and newborn rats were exposed to "2"3"9PuO_2 aerosols of four different size distributions. Rats of both ages were killed at intervals between 1 hr and 60 days postexposure. There were marked age- and particle-related size differences in deposition, although retention was similar throughout. The differences in deposition are attributable to relatively greater deposition of larger particles in the upper respiratory tracts of newborns.

1977-05-01

378

Uncoupling action of polychlorinated biphenyls (Kanechlor-400) on oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria

A new phenylboric acid derivative entrapped lipiodol (PBAD-lipiodol) was developed as a boron carrier for the boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of hepatoma in Taiwan. The biodistribution of both PBAD-lipiodol and BPA-fructose was assayed in GP7TB hepatoma-bearing rat model. The highest uptake of PBAD-lipiodol was found at 2 h post injection. The application of BNCT for the hepatoma treatment in tumor-bearing rats is suggested to be 2-4 h post PBAD-lipiodol injection.

2010-03-15

379

The interaction of trazodone with rat brain muscarinic cholinoceptors.

A study was made of the uncoupling action of polychlorinated biphenyls (Kanechlor-400) on oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria. Kanechlor-400 (KC-400) at 20 ..mu..g/ml stimulated state 4 respiration of rat liver mitochondria more than 4-fold with ..cap alpha..-ketoglutarate/malate as a substrate, and released the oligomycin-inhibited state 3 respiration. KC-400 also dissipated the membrane potential across the mitochondrial membranes; thus, it acts as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation in rat liver mitochondria. KC-400 altered the permeability properties of mitochondrial membranes as evidenced by the release of endogenous K/sup +/ and the oxidation of exogenously supplied NADH. It is concluded that KC-400 produces a nonspecific increase in mitochondrial ion permeability, thereby dissipating membrane potential, which leads to the uncoupling.

1984-03-01

380

The Effects of Magnesium on State 3 Respiration of Liver Mitochondria from Control and Cold-Acclimated Rats and Hamsters

The muscarinic receptor binding of trazodone, a new nontricyclic antidepressant, was compared with established tricyclic antidepressants. The ability to inhibit the binding of [3H]-quinuclidinyl benzilate...Full Text Available

1980-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

381

Structural alterations in the seminiferous tubules of rats treated with immunosuppressor tacrolimus

Increasing the Mg(2+) concentration results in a depression of succincoxidase-linked state 3

1978-01-01

382

Role of Mast Cells in Early and Delayed Radiation Injury in Rat Intestine

BackgroundTacrolimus (FK-506) is an immunosuppressant that binds to a specific immunophilin, resulting in the suppression of the cellular immune response during transplant rejection....Full Text Available

383

Regression of rat mammary tumors associated with suppressed growth hormone.

... mast cell staining; ref. 16). The severity of structural radiation injury was assessed using a histopathological radiation injury score ... ...

384

Ovarian Gene Expression is Stable after Exposure to Trichloroethylene

Serum growth hormone (GH) was suppressed in female rats bearing mammary tumors induced by 7, 12, dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) or N-nitrosomethylurea(NMU). Serum GH was suppressed due to treatment with a human GH analog produced by the plerocercoid stage of the tapeworm Spirometra mansonoides. Rats treated with plerocercoid growth factor (PGF) via plerocercoid infection had accelerated growth rates despite marked reductions in GH levels. Approximately two-thirds of the mammary tumors induced by either DMBA or NMU regressed during three weeks of exposure to PGF while most of the control tumors continued to grow. The data support an important regulatory role for GH in growth of mammary tumors in rats. PMID:3019224

385

Oral administration of purple passion fruit peel extract attenuates blood pressure in female spontaneously hypertensive rats and humans

Exposure of female rats to trichloroethylene (TCE), an environmental toxicant commonly found in ground and surface waters throughout the United States, reduces the fertilizability of oocytes...Full Text Available

2008-02-28

386

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. We investigated the potential antihypertensive effect of the purple passion fruit peel (PFP) extract, a mixture of bioflavonoids, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins, in spontaneously hypertensive rats and human. A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis was performed to identify the active ingredients of the PFP extract. In a rat liver toxicity assay, no hepatotoxicity was observed after 9 hours incubation in the presence of PFP extract (20 ?g/mL). The PFP extract also revealed hepatoprotection against chloroform (1 mmol/L)-induced liver injury. In the experimental model, 24 spontaneously hypertensive rats were divided into 3 treatment groups for a period of 8weeks: cont...

2007-01-01

387

Oral Exposure to Bisphenol A Increases Dimethylbenzanthracene-Induced Mammary Cancer in Rats

BackgroundBisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics, including infant formula bottles.ObjectivesBased on the...Full Text Available

2009-06-01

388

Normal osteoid tissue

Nociceptive and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Reproductively Competent and Reproductively Senescent Middle-Aged Rats

The results of a histological study of normal osteoid tissue in man, the monkey, the dog, and the rat, using thin microtome sections of plastic-embedded undecalcified bone, are described. Osteoid tissue...Full Text Available

1972-03-01

389

Neural Tissues from the Implanted Stem Cells

BackgroundChanges in levels of estradiol and progesterone that occur with the transition to reproductive senescence may influence nociception or affect.Full Text Available

2009-01-01

390

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Morphological, Electrophysiological and Behavioral Investigations of the Nervous Tissue Developed from the Embryonic Matrix Zone Cells of the Dorsolateral Walls of Lateral Ventricles, Implanted into the Lesioned Regions of the Adult Rat's Brain

391

Influence of inflammation on the efficacy of antibiotic treatment of experimental pyelonephritis.

Increased M?ller Cell De-Differentiation After Grafting of Retinal Stem Cell in the Sub-Retinal Space of Royal College of Surgeons Rats

An acute exudative Escherichia coli pyelonephritis rat model was used to study the influence of progressive pyelonephritis on the efficacy of antibiotic treatment. In this model, transient ureteral...Full Text Available

1986-05-01

392

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In several vertebrate classes, the M?ller glia are capable of de-differentiating, proliferating, and acquiring a progenitor-like state in response to acute retinal injury or in response to exogenous growth factors. Our previous study has shown that M?ller cells can be activated and de-differentiated into retinal progenitors during Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats' degeneration, although the limited proliferation cannot maintain retinal function. We now report that rat retinal stem cells (rSCs) transplanted into RCS rats slowed the progression of retinal morphological degeneration and prevented the functional disruption. Further, we found that retinal progenitor cells labeled with Chx10 were increased significantly after rSCs transplantation, and most of them are mainly from activated M...

2011-01-01

393

Guidance for Industry

Excretion of "1"4C-pentobarbital and its metabolites into the bile and urine of male and female rats

... accidentally released from a Soviet military laboratory (Meselson ... Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur worked to introduce ... species (eg, rat, mouse, dog, monkey) for ...

394

Effects of the Feeding Mixed with Various Levels of n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid on the Lipid Components and Fatty Acid Metabolism of Serum Lipoprotein in Hyperlipidemic Rats

(1974). Belgium Buttar, HS Coldwell, BB Thomas, BH Department of

395

Effects of the Feeding Mixed Oils with Various Level of n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid on the Fatty Acid Metabolism of Brain, Heart and Spleen in Dietary Hyperlipidemic Rats

Full Text Available

1993-10-01

396

Effect of radioiodine on hyaluronate-binding activity during prenatal rat brain development

Full Text Available

1993-12-01

397

Effect of Tong Luo Jiu Nao on Ab-degrading enzymes in AD rat brains

Russian 1997 p. 263-264 Russian Federation Tkach, VL Ushakova, GA

398

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Tong Luo Jiu Nao (TLJN) is a modern Chinese formula based on Traditional Chinese Medicine theory that has been used to treat ischemic cerebral stroke and vascular dementia. TLJN belongs to the ethnopharmacological family of medicines. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of the TLJN effect on Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aim of the study: To investigate the effect of TLJN on b-amyloid-degrading enzymes and learning and memory in the AD rat brain. Materials and methods: AD rats whose disease was induced by Ab25-35 injection into the bilateral hippocampus CA1 region were subjected to intragastric administration of various preparations. The experimental animals were healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats which were randomly divided into normal, sham, model, TLJN...

2011-01-01

399

Drug-induced changes in brain acetylcholine

Dose dependent transfer of [sup 203]lead to milk and tissue uptake in suckling offspring studied in rats and mice

In rats, drug-induced depression of the central nervous system has been shown generally to be associated with an elevation in level of total acetylcholine in the brain. This generalization held true...Full Text Available

1962-10-01

400

Do Perturbed Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions Drive Early ...

The dose-dependent transfer of [sup 203]Pb to milk and uptake in suckling rats and mice during a three-day nursing period was studied. On day 14 of lactation, the dams were administered a single intravenous dose of lead, labelled with [sup 203]Pb, in four or five doses from 0.0005 to 2.0 mg Pb/kg b.wt. There was a linear relationship between Pb levels in plasma and milk of both species. The Pb milk: plasma ratios at 24 hr after administration were 119 and 89 in mice and rats, respectively. At 72 hr the Pb milk: plasma ratio had decreased to 72 in mice and 35 in rats. The tissue levels of lead in the suckling rats and mice were also linearly correlated with lead concentration in milk at 72 hr, showing that milk could be used as an indicator of lead exposure to the suckling offspring. It is concluded that lead is transported into rat and mouse milk to a very high extent and the ...

1993-09-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

401

Comparative toxicity in rats vs hamsters of inhaled radon daughters with and without uranium ore dust

... At the same time, we observed that the neoplastic properties of rat mammary gland tumor cells can be restrained and "normalized" so that they ...

2005-04-01

402

Channelrhodopsin-2 gene transduced into retinal ganglion cells restores functional vision in genetically blind rats

Simultaneous exposures of rats and hamsters to inhaled radon daughters, with and without uranium ore dust, were performed daily for five months. Pulmonary pathology developing in 6 to 13 mo after cessation of daily exposures included interstitial fibrosis, emphysema, epithelial hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, and malignant neoplasia. Rats showed a greater variety and more severe response to these uranium mine inhalation exposures than did hamsters. Inhalation of radon daughters with uranium ore dust displayed the site of greatest damage, including squamous carcinoma, from the nasopharynx to the lungs. Sixty percent of the rats exposed to radon daughters with ore dust developed primary pulmonary carcinomas, providing an appropriate short-term experimental animal model for investigation of respiratory tract carcinogenesis in uranium miners.

1977-05-01

403

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

To test the hypothesis that transduction of the channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) gene, a microbial-type rhodopsin gene, into retinal ganglion cells of genetically blind rats will restore functional vision, we recorded visually evoked potentials and tested the experimental rats for the presence of optomotor responses. The N-terminal fragment of the ChR2 gene was fused to the fluorescent protein Venus and inserted into an adeno-associated virus to make AAV2-ChR2V. AAV2-ChR2V was injected intravitreally into the eyes of 6-month-old dystrophic RCS (rdy/rdy) rats. Visual function was evaluated six weeks after the injection by recording visually evoked potentials (VEPs) and testing optomotor responses. The expression of ChR2V in the retina was investigated histologically. We found that VEPs could not b...

2010-01-01

404

Astaxanthin reduces ischemic brain injury in adult rats

Antioxidant treatment with quercetin ameliorates erectile dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Astaxanthin (ATX) is a dietary carotenoid of crustaceans and fish that contributes to their coloration. Dietary ATX is important for development and survival of salmonids and crustaceans and has been...Full Text Available

2009-06-01

405

Transgenerational Effects of Di (2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate in the Male CRL:CD(SD) Rat: Added Value of Assessing Multiple Offspring per Litter

Oxidative stress is demonstrated to be involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of erectile dysfunction (ED). Quercetin, a potent bioflavonoid, has been reported to have the antioxidant role. In the present study, we examined the effect of quercetin on ED and oxidative stress in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with a single intravenous injection of STZ. The diabetic rats were then randomized to diabetic group and quercetin therapy groups which were treated with quercetin at different doses of 5, 20 and 50mg/kg per day respectively. At the end of the 8th week, erectile function was assessed by measuring the rise in intracavernous pressure (ICP) following cavernous nerve electrostimulation. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, thiobarbituric acid-reacting substance (TBARS) and nitrite and nitrate (NOx) levels were measured in cavernosum tissue. Endothelial NO ...

2011-06-14

406

The metabolism of L-tryptophan by isolated rat liver cells. Effect of albumin binding and amino acid competition on oxidatin of tryptophan by tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase.

In the rat, some phthalates alter sexual differentiation at relatively low dosage levels by altering fetal Leydig cell development and hormone synthesis, thereby inducing abnormalities of the testis,...Full Text Available

2009-08-01

407

The mGluR2 Positive Allosteric Modulator BINA Decreases Cocaine Self-Administration and Cue-Induced Cocaine-Seeking and Counteracts Cocaine-Induced Enhancement of Brain Reward Function in Rats

1. Novel methods, using L-[ring-2-14C]tryptophan, are described for the measurement of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity and tryptophan accumulation in isolated rat liver cells. 2. The effects of...Full Text Available

1980-03-15

408

Synthesis and biodistribution of labelled rho-iodo phentermine (IP), N,N,-dimethyl-rho-iodo phentermine (IDMP) and N-isopropyl-rho-iodo phentermine (IIP) in rats

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 (mGluR2/3) agonists were shown previously to nonselectively decrease both cocaine- and food-maintained responding in rats. mGluR2 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs)...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

409

Strain differences in the embryotoxicity of "2"3"9Pu

rho-Iodo-phentermine (IP) and two of its derivatives, N,N,-dimethyl-rho-iodo-phentermine (IDMP) and N-isopropyl-rho-iodo-phentermine (IIP) were synthesized and radiolabelled with iodine by isotopic exchange. They were evaluated as potential brain imaging agents and compared to IAMP. Biodistribution studies in rats did not show that these compounds were superior to IAMP.

1987-06-01

410

Segmental Neuropathic Pain Does Not Develop in Male Rats with Complete Spinal Transections

Comparison of the embryolethality of monomeric "2"3"9Pu injected at 9 days of gestation demonstrated that the sensitivity of Charles River CD strain was greater than that of Hilltop Wistar rats. Subsequent comparisons showed that rats derived from the Hilltop Fischer strain were more sensitive than the Wistar and, although not directly compared, more sensitive than the CD.

1977-05-01

411

Ryanodine produces a low frequency stimulation-induced NMDA receptor-independent long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro.

AbstractIn a previous study using male rats, a correlation was found between the development of “at-level” allodynia in T6-7 dermatomes following severe T8 spinal contusion...Full Text Available

2008-10-01

412

Roles of mitochondria and temperature in the control of intracellular calcium in adult rat sensory neurons

1. The induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) was investigated in the rat dentate gyrus in the presence of ryanodine, an agent which is known to selectively bind to the ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca2+...Full Text Available

1996-09-15

413

Reinforcing Effects of ?-Receptor Agonists in Rats Trained to Self-Administer Cocaine

SUMMARYWe recorded Ca²⁺ current and intracellular Ca²⁺ ([Ca²⁺]_i) in isolated adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons at 20 and...Full Text Available

2008-04-01

414

Recovery Effects of a 180?mT Static Magnetic Field on Bone Mineral Density of Osteoporotic Lumbar Vertebrae in Ovariectomized Rats

σ-Receptor (σR) antagonists have been reported to block certain effects of psychostimulant drugs. The present study examined the effects of σR ligands in rats trained to self-administer...Full Text Available

2010-02-01

415

Quantitative ³¹P NMR Spectroscopy and ¹H MRI Measurements of Bone Mineral and Matrix Density Differentiate Metabolic Bone Diseases in Rat Models

The effects of a moderate-intensity static magnetic field (SMF) on osteoporosis of the lumbar vertebrae were studied in ovariectomized rats. A small disc magnet (maximum magnetic flux density 180 mT)...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

416

Platelet-activating factor mediates hemodynamic changes and lung injury in endotoxin-treated rats.

In this study, bone mineral density (BMD) of normal (CON), ovariectomized (OVX) and partially nephrectomized (NFR) rats was measured by ³¹P NMR spectroscopy; bone matrix density was...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

417

Modification of the photodynamic action of delta-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) on rat pancreatoma cells by mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor ligands.

Within 20 min after intraperitoneal injection of Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin in rats, blood platelet-activating factor (PAF) increased from 4.3 +/- 1.3 to 13.7 +/- 2.0 ng/ml (P less than 0.01)...Full Text Available

1987-05-01

418

Late effects of inhaled Pu(NO_3)_4 in rats

We have shown that addition of exogenous delta-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) to rat pancreatoma AR4-2J cells in culture leads to the increased production of porphobilinogen (PBG) and the accumulation of...Full Text Available

1995-02-01

419

Lack of formic acid production in rat hepatocytes and human renal proximal tubule cells exposed to chloral hydrate or trichloroacetic acid

Rats that inhaled "2"3"9Pu(NO_3)_4 or "2"3"8Pu(NO_3)_4 developed lung tumors and bone tumors. Lung tumors were clearly associated with Pu inhalation (accumulated dose to lung, 1 rad to 5000 rads); bone tumors could not be unequivocally related to the radiation insult.

1977-05-01

420

In vitro comparison of rat and chicken brain neurotoxic esterase

The industrial solvent trichloroethylene (TCE) and its major metabolites have been shown to cause formic aciduria in male rats. We have examined whether chloral hydrate (CH) and trichloroacetic...Full Text Available

2007-02-12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

421

Homocytotropic antibodies (IgE) to Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the rat and a cross-reactivity of heterologous gonococcal strains.

A systematic comparison was undertaken to characterize neurotoxic esterase (NTE) from rat and chicken brain in terms of inhibitor sensitivities, pH optima, and molecular weights. Paraoxon titration of phenyl valerate (PV)-hydrolyzing carboxylesterases showed that rat esterases were more sensitive than chicken to paraoxon inhibition at concentrations less than or equal to microM and superimposable with chicken esterases at concentrations of 2.5-1000 microM. Mipafox titration of the paraoxon-resistant esterases at a fixed paraoxon concentration of 100 microM (mipafox concentration: 0-1000 microM) resulted in a mipafox I50 of 7.3 microM for chicken brain NTE and 11.6 microM for rat brain NTE. NTE (i.e., paraoxon-resistant, mipafox-sensitive esterase activity) comprised 80% of chicken and 60% of rat brain paraoxon-resistant activity with the specific activity of chicken brain NTE approximately twice that of ...

1986-04-01

422

Electrophysiological differences between nociceptive and non-nociceptive dorsal root ganglion neurones in the rat in vivo

Outbred Wistar rats were immunised with a single intraperitoneal injection of a mixture of 30 mg of A1(OH)3 and 100microng of gonococcal zeolite antigen (ZA). Ten days after immunisation, ZA prepared...Full Text Available

1977-04-01

423

Effects of an elemental diet, inert bulk and different types of dietary fibre on the response of the intestinal epithelium to refeeding in the rat and relationship to plasma gastrin, enteroglucagon, and PYY concentrations.

Intracellular recordings were made from 1022 somatic lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurones in anaesthetized adult rats, classified from dorsal root conduction velocities (CVs) as C, Aδ...Full Text Available

2005-06-15

424

Effects of Short-Term Treadmill Exercise Training or Growth Hormone Supplementation on Diastolic Function and Exercise Tolerance in Old Rats

Refeeding starved rats with an elemental diet resulted in a marked increase in crypt cell production rate (CCPR) in the proximal small intestine but not in the distal regions of the gut. Little effect...Full Text Available

1987-02-01

425

Dual protective role for Glutathione S-transferase class pi against VCD-induced ovotoxicity in the rat ovary1

Whether the lusitropic potential of short-term exercise in aged rats is linked to an augmentation in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis and an alteration in the...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

426

Disposition of "8"5Kr in gravid rats

The occupational chemical 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) selectively destroys ovarian small pre-antral follicles in rats and mice via apoptosis. Detoxification of VCD can occur through glutathione...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

427

Discrimination between UTP- and P2-purinoceptor-mediated depolarization of rat superior cervical ganglia by 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'- disulphonate (DIDS) and uniblue A.

Pregnant rats were exposed to "8"5Kr for 4-6 hr and sacrificed immediately thereafter. The "8"5Kr concentration in the fetoplacental unit (FPU) was approximately the same at all gestation stages for intact FPU, isolated fetuses or fetal segments, as well as placentas and associated membranes. Maternal tissue concentrations varied over a wide range and only liver and intestine concentrations were relatively similar in both 20-day-gestation (dg) fetuses and adults.

1977-05-01

428

Decreased binding of drugs and dyes to plasma proteins from rats with acute renal failure: effects of ureter ligation and intramuscular injection of glycerol.

1. Using a grease-gap recording technique we have investigated the effects of some antagonists of P2-purinoceptors on the depolarization of the rat isolated superior cervical ganglion evoked by 100...Full Text Available

1995-06-01

429

Circulation and migration of small blood lymphocytes in the rat. I. Kinetics of lymphocyte circulation in the lymphoid organs.

1 The decreased binding of drugs and dyes to plasma proteins from male and female rats with acute renal failure has been investigated using equilibrium dialysis at 37 degrees C. 2 Acute renal failure...Full Text Available

1979-06-01

430

Assessment of Oral Toxicity and Safety of Pentamethylchromanol (PMCol), A Potential Chemopreventative Agent, in Rats and Dogs

Seventy male Wistar rats were the recipients of labeled small lymphocytes (1.5 X 10(7) each) collected from the peripheral blood of syngeneic donors. The migrating labeled lymphocytes were traced in...Full Text Available

1978-12-01

431

Anesthetics and electroconvulsive therapy seizure duration: implications for therapy from a rat model.

2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol (PMCol) was administered by gavage in rats for 28 days at dose levels of 0, 100, 500, and 2000 mg/kg/day. PMCol administration induced decreases in body weight...Full Text Available

2010-06-29

432

Anandamide elicits an acute release of nitric oxide through endothelial TRPV1 receptor activation in the rat arterial mesenteric bed

The anesthetic agents methohexital (Brevital), Innovar, and ketamine (Ketaject) were examined for their effect on seizure duration following electroconvulsive stimulation in a rat model of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Compared to unanesthetized control animals, methohexital anesthesia shortened seizure duration by 42%, ketamine anesthesia tended to increase seizure duration, and Innovar anesthesia had no effect on duration of seizures. PMID:7349626

1981-12-01

433

Administration of a Decoction of Sucrose- and Polysaccharide-Rich Radix Astragali (Huang Qi) Ameliorated Insulin Resistance and Fatty Liver but Affected Beta-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

In the isolated rat mesenteric bed, the 1 min perfusion with 100 nm anandamide, a concentration that did not evoke vasorelaxation, elicited an acute release of 165.1 ± 9.2 pmol nitric...Full Text Available

2005-10-15

434

Acute Ca²⁺-Dependent Desensitization of 5-Ht_1A Receptors is Mediated by Activation of Pka in Rat Serotonergic Neurons

The current investigation attempted to confirm the beneficial actions of a chemically characterized Radix Astragali decoction (AM-W) against type 2 diabetic (T2D) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Using a case/control...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

435

APOPTOSIS AND PROLIFERATION DURING DICHLOROACETIC ACID (DCA) INDUCED HEPTACELLULAR CARCINOGENESIS IN THE F344 MALE RAT

This report investigates acute changes in the sensitivity of 5-HT_1A receptors in dorsal raphe (dr) neurons in response to elevated serotonin. DR neurons were isolated from adult rats...Full Text Available

2010-08-11

436

1,1-Dichloroethylene hepatotoxicity: Proposed mechanism of action and distribution and binding of ¹⁴C radioactivity following inhalation exposure in rats

Apoptosis and Proliferation During DicWoroacetic Acid (DCA) Induced Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis in the F344 Male Rat Chlorine, introduced into public drinking \\\\'ater supplies for disinfection, can react with organic compounds in surface waters to form toxic by-prod...

437

SLC9A9 mutations, gene expression, and protein-protein interactions in rat models of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

1,1-Dichloroethylene is reported to produce renal tumors in male mice. It is an hepatotoxin in fasted rats after inhalation. We found that trichloropropane epoxide, an inhibitor of epoxide hydrase,...Full Text Available

1977-12-01

438

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract SLC9A9 (solute carrier family 9, member 9, also known as Na+/H+ exchanger member (NHE9)) is a membrane protein that regulates the luminal pH of the recycling endosome, an essential organelle for synaptic transmission and plasticity. SLC9A9 has been implicated in human attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and in rat studies of hyperactivity. We examined the SLC9A9 gene sequence and expression profile in prefrontal cortex, dorsal striatum and hippocampus in two genetic rat models of ADHD. We report two mutations in a rat model of inattentive ADHD, the WKY/NCrl rat, which affect the interaction of SLC9A9 with calcineurin homologous protein (CHP). We observed an age-dependent abnormal expression of SLC9A9 in brains of this inattentive model and in the Spontaneous Hypertensi...

2011-01-01

439

Insulin-like effects in the rat of the purified growth factor from Spirometra mansonoides plerocercoids.

Distribution of /sup 14/C after oral administration of (1-/sup 14/C)linoleic acid in rats fed different levels of essential fatty acids

The acute effects of injections of the human growth hormone-like factor purified from plerocercoids of the tapeworm Spirometra mansonoides on carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolisms were determined in intact rats. Male rats were injected ip with saline, insulin, or various doses of partially purified PGF. The rats injected with insulin had significantly reduced serum glucose concentrations but no dose of PGF caused a change in serum glucose levels. Insulin and PGF stimulated [14C]glucose and [14C]leucine oxidation to 14CO2 in adipose tissue and muscle and increased incorporation of both [14C]glucose carbons into lipids and [14C]leucine into protein in fat and muscle. The responses to PGF were dose-dependent and persisted after 3 hr of incubation in vitro. Injections of naloxone prior to injecting PGF to block the stress response did not prevent the stimulation of insulin-like responses by PGF. Therefore, PGF has ...

1987-05-01

440

Changes in myocardial beta1-adrenergic receptor and stimulatory G-protein gene expression after chronic treatment with doxorubicin in rat.

Rats from an inbred Sprague-Dawley strain were fed semisynthetic diets with a low (0.3 energy percent (en %)), normal (3 en %) or high (10 en %) content of essential fatty acids (EFA) for at least three generations. Twenty-nine- to 33-day-old male rats were given a single intragastric dose of (1-14C)linoleic acid in olive oil, and the respiratory CO2, urine and feces were collected for 46 hours (expt 1) or 20 hours (expt 2). The 14C activity in respiratory CO2, feces, urine and the carcass was determined in both experiments. In experiment 2 it was also measured in samples of the brown fat, liver, adrenals, white fat, skeletal muscles and brain. In both experiments the rats fed the low EFA diet retained significantly more 14C activity than the rats fed the normal or high EFA diets. In all groups the concentration of label was highest in the brown fat and the adrenals, but the above differences among the ...

1984-09-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

441

Changes in brain development of rat fetus exposed to "1"3"7Cs #gamma# rays in different pregnant periods of the female rats

The gene expression of beta(1)-adrenergic receptor (beta(1)AR) and stimulatory G-protein Gsalpha in ventricle after chronic treatment with doxorubicin (DOX) in rat was investigated. The rats were treated with DOX in a dose of 2.5 mg/kg once a week for 5 weeks, the cumulative dose being 12.5 mg/kg. Two weeks after the last injection, the positive inotropic effect of isoproterenol was noticeably decreased in left atrial muscle preparations isolated from DOX-treated rats. Northern blot hybridization showed that the mRNA transcripts of beta(1)AR and Gsalpha, important signal transduction elements for regulating heart rate and contractility, were significantly decreased in the ventricle of DOX-treated rats. Thus, chronic treatment with DOX decreases the gene expression levels of myocardial beta(1)AR and Gsalpha. PMID:15353854

2004-08-01

442

Proteins of the kidney microvillar membrane

Pregnant rats in 11d and 16d of their pregnancy were given one-off whole body exposure by "1"3"7Cs #gamma# rays to 0.2, 0.4, 0.9 and 2.0 Gy, respectively. Changes were observed in conditioned drinking response and cerebrum hippocampi cone cell number of the baby rats exposed to the #gamma# rays in different periods of their embryo development. As a result, that pregnant rats exposed to "1"3"7Cs #gamma# rays in different pregnant periods may induce significant decrease in cerebrum hippocampi cone cell number and achieving rate of conditioned drinking response of the babies. The dose-response relationship can be described by Y=a-b log_1_0D. The achieving rate of conditioned drinking response were significantly correlated to cerebrum hippocampi cone cell number in the babies, and the achieving rate of conditioned drinking response of the babies exposed at pregnant 11d was lower than others exposed at pregnant 16d

2004-08-01

443

Effect of dose on lead retention and distribution in suckling and adult female mice

Two methods were used to label pig kidney microvillar membrane proteins from the luminal and cytoplasmic surfaces of closed membrane vesicles. The first method was lactoperoxidase-catalysed radioiodination. Lactoperoxidase and glucose oxidase were positioned inside or outside the vesicles, iodination being initiated by adding glucose and "1"2"5I. After electrophoresis of the proteins, asymmetric labelling patterns on radioautographs were observed. However the major disadvantage of this method was the high degree of intramembrane labelling of the fatty acid chains of membrane lipids. The second method overcame this disadvantage. A new hydophilic photoreagent, 3,5-di("1"2"5I)iodo-4-azidobenzenesulphonate, was transported by a Na"+-dependent system into microvillar vesicles, thus permitting labelling from either side of the membrane when the vesicles were photolysed. The activity of several microvillar peptidases survived the labelling reaction and they could be ...

444

Cloning and expression of a human kidney cDNA for an /alpha//sub 2/-adrenergic receptor subtype

Single doses of lead (trace to 445 mg/kg) were administered per os to suckling and adult mice. Both groups exhibited dose-independent lead retention when doses of 4 to 445 mg/kg were administered. However, developmental differences in the fraction of initial dose (FID) retained were evident for all doses administered. A much larger FID was retained in both age groups following administration of carrier-free /sup 203/Pb. The results are consistent with a mechanism of gastrointestinal lead absorption comprising two or more processes. Developmental differences were also observed in organ lead concentration relative to whole body concentration for kidneys, skull and brain 6 days following lead administration. Lead retentions (relative to whole body retention) in brain and in bone were linearly related to dose of lead administered in both suckling and adult age groups. Though uptake of lead into brain and into femur was observed to be directly related to dose over a ...

1980-01-01

445

Tetracycline in uranyl nitrate intoxication: Its action on renal damage and U retention in bone

An /alpha//sub 2/-adrenergic receptor subtype has been cloned from a human kidney cDNA library using the gene for the human platelet /alpha//sub 2/-adrenergic receptor as a probe. The deduced amino acid sequence resembles the human platelet /alpha//sub 2/-adrenergic receptor and is consistent with the structure of other members of he family of guanine nucleotide-binding protein-coupled receptors. The cDNA was expressed in a mammalian cell line (COS-7), and the /alpha//sub 2/-adrenergic ligand (/sup 3/H)rauwolscine was bound. Competition curve analysis with a variety of adrenergic ligands suggests that this cDNA clone represents the /alpha//sub 2/B-adrenergic receptor. The gene for this receptor is on human chromosome 4, whereas the gene for the human platelet /alpha//sub 2/-adrenergic receptor (/alpha//sub 2/A) lies on chromosome 10. This ability to express the receptor in mammalian cells, free of other adrenergic receptor subtypes, should help in developing more ...

1988-09-01

446

Production of "9"9Tc"m radiopharmaceuticals for brain, heart and kidney imaging. Final report of a co-ordinated research programme 1991-1994

In acute intoxication, uranium (U) not only inhibits bone formation but its excretion in urine also causes renal damage. The former effect is ameliorated by tetracycline (TC), probably due to its chelation property, which might also prevent U deposition in bone. Chemical determination of U incorporated in bone and a histological study of the kidneys were performed on animals injected with U and then treated with TC. The results showed that TC was unable to prevent the binding of U to bone while it exacerbated U-induced renal damage.

1989-09-01

447

Differential diagnosis by CT units with contrast enhancement

The report contains highlights of the achievements of the IAEA Co-ordinated Research programme on Evaluation on the Use of Bulk Reagents for the Production of "9"9Tc_m Radiopharmaceutical and Kits, the participants' summary reports (Argentina, Chile, Greece, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Portugal, Russian Federation, Thailand, Uruguay, United States of America), recommended product protocols for five compounds and the participants' recommendations regarding continued support and further directions of co-ordinated research work. Refs, 6 figs, 8 tabs, 6 schemes.

1990-06-24

448

A delayed case of renal artery pseudoaneurysm presented with gross hematuria and azotemia in solitary kidney following percutaneous nephrostomy: treated by transcatheter coil embolization.

Variation of CT units, in organs, before and after using contrast enhancing medium was reviewed and personal experience was presented. In the normal brain CT units was little changed by contrast enhancement (CE), whereas remarkable change was observed at lesions. No difference of CT units was observed between the normal liver and hepatomas. The normal kidney had higher CE effect than hypernephromas suggesting an increase of the sensitivity. CE was not found in cysts or necrosis. The changes of CT units in the cases of cerebral diseases are tabled with various contrast medium and scanners.

1981-04-01

449

Vascular complications following 1500 consecutive living and cadaveric donor renal transplantations: A single center study

Renal arteriovenous fistula or pseudoaneurysms developing after invasive procedures are either asymptomatic or show only transient symptoms. We describe here a case of symptomatic renal artery pseudoaneurysm that presented with gross hematuria and azotemia. The pseudoaneurysm of renal artery was diagnosed by ultrasonography and abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and it was successfully treated by percutaneous transcatheter coil embolization. A high index of suspicion is essential for the early diagnosis and treatment of delayed gross hematuria in patients with history of percutaneous nephrostomy. PMID:17180737

2006-12-19

450

Induction of lauric acid omega-hydroxylation by peroxisomal proliferators in bluegill and catfish

The aim of this study was to document vascular complications that occurred following cadaveric and living donor kidney transplants in order to assess the overall incidence of these complications at our center as well as to identify possible risk factors. In a retrospective cohort study, 1500 consecutive renal transplant recipients who received a living or cadaveric donor kidney between December 1988 and July 2006 were evaluated. The study was performed at the Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. The assessment of the anatomy and number of renal arteries as well as the incidence of vascular complications was made by color doppler ultrasonography, angiography, and/or surgical exploration. Clinically apparent vascular complications were seen in 8.86% of all study patients (n = 133) with the most frequent being hemorrhage (n = 91; 6.1%) followed by allograft renal artery stenosis (n = 26; 1.7%), renal artery thrombosis (n = 9; 0.6%), and renal vein ...

451

Clinical and ultrasonographic findings, diagnosis and treatment of pyelonephritis in 17 cows.

Peroxisome proliferating agents (PPAs) are a structurally diverse group of chemicals that include environmental chemical contaminants such as certain chlorinated herbicides, solvents and plasticizers. PPAs have previously been shown to induce anti-trout laruci acid hydroxylase immunoreactive proteins in bluegill and catfish. In this investigation, induction of lauric acid hydroxylase activity and immunoreactive proteins was confirmed, and the mass spectral analysis of specific hydroxylation products was performed in order to identify possible species-specific differences in fatty acid metabolism. Male bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were administered clofibrate or ciprofibrate 48 hr prior to hepatic or trunk kidney (catfish only) microsome preparation. While no significant differences were observed in male catfish, male bluegill had significant decreases in hematocrit and plasma protein indicating hemodilution due to ...

1995-12-31

452

Treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma with inserting biliary double stents

The goal of the present study was to describe the clinical, haematological and ultrasonographic findings and treatment of 17 cattle with pyelonephritis. Fifteen cattle had an abnormal general condition, which varied in severity; five animals had signs of colic. The urine was brownish-red in 11 animals and cloudy in 13. Clumps of purulent material were seen in the urine of nine animals and clots of blood in two. The specific gravity was lower than normal in 13 animals and ranged from 1.005 to 1.020. A urine test strip revealed protein in 16 animals, blood in 16 and leukocytes in 12. Bacteriological examination of urine yielded Corynebacterium renale in 11 animals, Arcanobacter pyogenes in two and Escherichia coli in one. Rectal examination revealed abnormalities of the urinary tract in 11 animals; there was dilatation of the left ureter and/or enlargement of the left kidney in eight cases, and dilatation of the right ureter and/or enlargement of the right ...

2007-03-23

453

The Impact of Proactive Chronic Care Management on Hospital Admissions in a German Senior Population

Objective: To investigate the inserting technique of biliary double stents in treating hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: 6 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (Bismuth IV) were treated by percutaneous transhepatic insertion of biliary stents. Double stents were inserted in each patient. Different inserting methods were adopted according to the branch angles formed by left and right hepatic ducts. Results: The jaundice of all patients alleviated or disappeared obviously after stent implantation. The average difference between post-and pre-operation in the serum total bilirubin level was (104 #+-# 29) #mu#mol/L (P<0.01). Stent obstruction was found in 2 cases after 4 and 6 months respectively. Conclusion: Double stents implantation is effective for the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Beware of the angulation between main hepatic duct and adopting different inserting methods. (authors)

2004-10-01

454

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract An increase in chronic disease prevalence is contributing to health care cost growth and decreased quality of life in industrialized nations worldwide. Inadequate management of chronic diseases is a leading cause of hospitalizations and, thus, avoidable expenditures. In this study, we evaluated the impact of nurse-delivered care calls, the primary intervention of a proactive chronic care management (CCM) program, in a population aged 65 and older in Germany. In this analysis, hospital admission rates were evaluated among program enrollees who were diagnosed with diabetes, heart failure, coronary heart disease, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Intervention group comprised those members who participated in care calls (n?=?13,486), whereas the Comparison group included e...

2011-01-01

455

Skincare instruction for remission period of acne and utility of proactive management for skincare

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In recent years, slightly acid formulas for cosmetics which remove follicular infundibulum obstruction of the hair follicle, have been devised. Therefore, few acne patients experience a problem with cosmetics use. On the other hand, cosmetics use differs from person to person. Thus, an investigation of actual conditions of cosmetics use was done among acne patients. Compared with healthy people, acne patients used more facial wash products more. It has been understood that treatment and skincare instruction are important for the improvement and prevention of acne. We examined skin physiology function and patient's QOL by using a skin care product for women for two months with skincare instruction from a dermatologist for 31 female patients this time. As a result, it was able to be confirme...

2010-01-01

456

Radiation therapy in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Functional MRI of the pharynx in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with rapid 2-D flash sequences; Funktionelle MRT des Pharynx bei obstruktiver Schlafapnoe (OSA) mit schnellen 2D-FLASH-Sequenzen

The incidence of hilar cholangiocarcinoma is very rare worldwide. Radical resection is the only prognostic factor for long survival in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Postoperative radiation therapy can improve local control and survival rates for patients with palliative resection, but it remains controversial in patients with radical resection. Biliary drainage can effectively release bile duct obstruction for the majority of patients with locally advanced disease, and may even prolong survival when combined with radiation therapy. Radiation therapy includes extrernal beam therapy alone, external beam therapy with intraluminal brachytheapy and new radiation technique, such as three dimentional conformal therapy and intensity modulated radiation therapy. The propective randomized clinical study is needed for further investigation in the role of combined modality therapy especially for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. (authors)

2007-10-01

457

Effects of Sleep Apnea Severity on Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Prior to Continuous Positive Airway Presssure Treatment

Functional imaging of the pharynx used to be the domain of cineradiography, CT and ultrafast CT. The development of modern MRI techniques led to new access to functional disorders of the pharynx. The aim of this study was to implement a new MRI technique to examine oropharyngeal obstructive mechanisms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Sixteen patients suffering from OSA and 6 healthy volunteers were examined on a 1.5 T whole-body imager (`Vision`, Siemens, Erlangen Medical Engineering, Germany) using a circular polarized head coil. Imaging was performed with 2D flash sequences in midsagittal and axial planes. Patients and volunteers were asked to breathe normally through the nose and to simulate snoring and the Mueller maneuver during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Prior to MRI, all patients underwent an ear, nose and throat (ENT) examination, functional fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy and polysomnography. A temporal resolution of ...

1996-03-01

458

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a highly prevalent condition, is independently associated with increased risks of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and metabolic syndrome. It is unclear, however, if the severity of OSA has any impact on glycemic control among patients with T2D. We therefore aimed to determine the independent association between OSA severity and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with T2D. Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study of 52 consecutive patients attending the diabetes obesity clinic between January 2008 to February 2010 with risk factors for sleep apnea and who underwent polysomnography study. Clinical, demographic, and lifestyle data were recorded using a questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of OSA in this clini...

2011-01-01

459

Cost-effectiveness of educational outreach to primary care nurses to increase tuberculosis case detection and improve respiratory care: economic evaluation alongside a randomised trial

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary Objective To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an educational outreach intervention to improve primary respiratory care by South African nurses. Methods Cost-effectiveness analysis alongside a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial, with individual patient data. The intervention, the Practical Approach to Lung Health in South Africa (PALSA), comprised educational outreach based on syndromic clinical practice guidelines for tuberculosis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia and other respiratory diseases. The study included 1999 patients aged 15 or over with cough or difficult breathing, attending 40 primary care clinics staffed by nurses in the Free State province. They were interviewed at first presentation, and 1856 (93%) were interviewed 3 months late...

2010-01-01

460

Chronic and non-communicable diseases: a critical challenge for nurses globally

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ALLEYNE G., HANCOCK C. & HUGHES P. (2011) Chronic and non-communicable diseases: a critical challenge for nurses globally. International Nursing Review58, 328-331 Background:- Chronic and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a growing and enormous challenge that faces countries across the world. Low- and middle-income countries are disproportionately affected. Contributory factors:- Three risk factors - tobacco use, poor diet (including excessive alcohol intake) and lack of physical activity - contribute to four major chronic diseases - cardiovascular, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes and some cancers, which are responsible for over 50% of deaths worldwide. Potential solutions:- International governmental and non-governmental agencies are becoming increasingly concerned and ...

2011-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

461

Intestinal helminths infection of rats (Ratus norvegicus) in the Belgrade area (Serbia): the effect of sex, age and habitat.

Host resistance to rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) and immune function in adult PVG rats fed herring from the contaminated Baltic Sea

SUMMARY: Gastrointestinal helminths of Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) from the Belgrade area were studied as a part of a wider ecological research of rats in Serbia (data on the distribution, population ecology, economic and epizoothiological-epidemiological importance, and density control). Rats were captured from May 2005 to July 2009 at both urban and suburban-rural sites. Of a total of 302 trapped rats 48% were males and 52% females, with 36.5% and 38.8% of juvenile-subadult individuals, per sex respectively. Intestinal helminth infection was noted in 68.5% of rats, with a higher prevalence in male hosts and in adult individuals. Higher numbers of infected juveniles-subadults were noted in suburban-rural habitats, while an opposite tendency was noted in adult rats. Seven helminth species were recovered, of which five were nematode (Heterakis spumosa, ...

2011-05-01

462

Distribution of lead in milk and the fate of milk lead in the gastrointestinal tract of suckling rats

We carried out a feeding study in rats aimed at extending our aboservations of contaminant-induced immunosuppression in harbour seals. Two herring batches were freeze-dried, supplemented and fed to female adult PVG rats for a period of 4 1/2 months. Daily contaminant intakes of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) toxic equivalents (TEQ) were estimated to be 0.3 ng/kg body weight and 1.6 ng/kg in the Atlantic and Baltic groups, respectively. At the end of the feeding experiment, no contaminant-related changes in spleen CD{sub 4}{sup +}/CD{sub 8}{sup +} cellularity, natural killer cell activity, or mitogen-induced proliferative responses of thymus or spleen cells could be detected. However, total thymocyte numbers and thymus CD{sub 4}{sup +}/CD{sub 8}{sup +} ratios were reduced in the Baltic group. A novel model was established to assess the specific T-cell response to rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV). When applied to the ...

1996-08-01

463

Committed T lymphocyte stem cells of rats. Characterization by surface W3/13 antigen and radiosensitivity

Milk can be a significant source of lead (Pb) for young mammals, including humans. Certain essential trace elements have previously been shown to be specifically associated with particular milk components and such associations often increase bioavailability. Thus, the first goal of this study was to determine the distribution of Pb in cream, casein, and whey fractions of various milks under various conditions using /sup 203/Pb as a tracer. In rat milk almost 90% of the Pb was found to be associated with the casein micelles, regardless of: 1) whether the milk was labeled in vivo or in vitro; b) whether the milk was fresh or frozen; and c) the added concentration of Pb. The remainder of the Pb was approximately equally distributed between cream and whey. A virtually identical pattern of Pb distribution was observed with bovine milk. Pb added to infant formula also associated predominantly with casein micelles, although the Pb content of this fraction was ...

1988-01-01

464

The effects of high-intensity pulsed electromagnetic field on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells of neonatal rats in vitro

The existence of stem cells committed to the T lymphoid lineage was deduced from studying how rat T and B stem cells differ in their expression of membrane W3/13 antigen and in their susceptibility in vivo to gamma irradiation. Stem cell activity of rat bone marrow and fetal liver was measured in long-term radiation chimeras using B and T cell alloantigenic surface markers to identify the progeny of donor cells. Monoclonal mouse anti-rat thymocyte antibody W3/13 labeled approximately 40% of fetal liver cells and 60-70% of young rat bone marrow cells (40% brightly, 25% dimly). Bright, dim, and negative cells were separated on a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. All B and T lymphoid stem cells in fetal liver were W3/13 bright, as were B lymphoid stem cells in bone marrow. W3/13 dim bone marrow had over half the T cell repopulating activity of unseparated marrow but gave virtually no B cell repopulation. ...

1981-01-01

465

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary The effects of high-intensity pulsed electromagnetic stimulation (HIPEMS) on proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat neural stem cells in vitro were investigated. Neural stem cells derived from neonatal rats were exposed to 0.1 Hz, 0.5-10 Tesla (T) [8 groups of B-I, respectively], 5 stimuli of HIPEMF. The sham exposure controls were correspondingly established. Inverted phase contrast microscope was used to observe the cultured cells, MTT assay to detect the viability of the cells as expressed by absorbance (A) value, and flow cytometry to measure differentiation of neural stem cells. The results showed that A values of neural stem cells in both 3.0 T and 4.0 T groups were significantly higher than the other groups 24 to 168 h post HPEMS, indicating a strong promotion of ...

2009-01-01

466

Reproductive toxicologic evaluations of Bulbine natalensis Baker stem extract in albino rats

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effects of oral administration of aqueous extract of Bulbine natalensis Baker stem at daily doses of 25, 50, and 100mg/kg body weight on the reproductive function of Wistar rats were evaluated. The indices of mating and fertility success as well as quantal frequency increased after 7 days of treatment in all the dose groups except the 100mg/kg body weight group. The number of litters was not statistically different (P>0.05) from the control. Whereas the absolute weights of the epididymis, seminal vesicle, and prostate were not affected, that of the testes was significantly increased. The epididymal sperm count, motility, morphology, and viscosity were not different from the control after 7 days of treatment. The male rat serum testosterone, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, and follic...

2009-01-01

467

Nerve-Evoked Constriction of Rat Tail Veins Is Potentiated and Venous Diameter Is Reduced after Chronic Spinal Cord Transection

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Despite reduced sympathetic activity below the level of a spinal cord injury (SCI), venoconstriction during autonomic dysreflexia increases venous return to the heart. Here, contractions of isometrically mounted tail veins from rats with spinal transection at T4 performed 8???10 weeks earlier are compared with those from sham-operated rats. After SCI, lumen diameter was reduced by ?30% and the contractions evoked by electrical stimulation of the perivascular axons were larger than control. This augmentation of neurovascular transmission was not associated with enhanced sensitivity to ?-adrenoceptor agonists or to adenosine-5?-triphosphate (ATP) although contractions to depolarization with K+ were larger after SCI. The percentage reduction in nerve-evoked contraction after SCI prod...

2011-01-01

468

Myocardial pharmacokinetics of ebastine, a substrate for cytochrome P450 2J, in rat isolated heart

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is well established that cytochrome P450 2J (CYP2J) enzymes are expressed preferentially in the heart, and that ebastine is a substrate for CYP2J, but it is not known whether ebastine is metabolized in myocardium. Therefore, we investigated its pharmacokinetics in the rat isolated perfused heart. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Rat isolated hearts were perfused in the recirculating mode with ebastine for 130-min. The concentrations of ebastine and its metabolites, hydroxyebastine and carebastine, were measured using liquid chromatography with a tandem mass spectrometry. The data were analysed by a compartmental model. The time course of negative inotropic response was linked to ebastine concentration to determine the concentration-effect relationship. KEY RESULTS Ebastine w...

2011-01-01

469

Maternal anesthesia via isoflurane or ether differentially affects pre-and postnatal behavior in rat offspring

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Our understanding of prenatal behavior has been significantly advanced by techniques for direct observation and manipulation of unanesthetized, behaving rodent fetuses with intact umbilical connections to the mother. These techniques involve brief administration of an inhalant anesthesic, enabling spinal transection of the rat or mouse dam, after which procedures can continue with unanesthetized dams and fetuses. Because anesthetics administered to the mother can cross the placental barrier, it is possible that fetuses are anesthetized to varying degrees. We compared in perinatal rats the effects of prenatal maternal exposure to two inhalant anesthetics: ether and isoflurane. Fewer spontaneous fetal movements and first postpartum nipple attachments were observed following maternal exposure...

2007-01-01

470

Lipid composition of liver microsomes and mitochondria after acute and chronic {gamma}-irradiation of rats

Laser Photobiomodulation of Wound Healing: A Review of Experimental Studies in Mouse and Rat Animal Models

Acute {gamma}-irradiation of rats at doses of 100 and 270 Gy stimulates lipid synthesis and changes the lipid composition of liver cell organelles. The content of cholesterol and cholesterol esters in microsomes increased at 100 Gy and decreased at 270 Gy, with total phospholipid content remaining unchanged. The lipid content in mitochondria decreased considerably 1 h after irradiation at 270 Gy. This change was significantly less pronounced 47 h later. Under chronic {gamma}-irradiation (0.129 Gy/day), cholesterol and cardiolipin in mitochondria increased. The changes in lipid content caused by acute irradiation are presumed to be related to activated synthesis of lipids in the liver. The modification of the lipid content of mitochondria observed in chronically irradiated rats may indicate that energy-metabolizing liver cell systems are involved in the adaptation to irradiation.

1994-07-01

471

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Objectives: This investigation reviewed experimental studies of laser irradiation of wound healing in mice and rats published from 2003 to August 2008, respectively, to assess putative stimulatory effects of this treatment. Background: Animal models, including rodents, attempt to reflect human wound healing and associated problems such as dehiscence, ischemia, ulceration, infection, and scarring. They have played a key role in furthering understanding of underlying mechanisms involved in impaired wound healing, and in testing new therapeutic strategies including laser irradiation. Method: Original research papers investigating effects of laser or monochromatic light therapy on wound healing in mice and rats and published from January 2003 to August 2008 were retrieved from library...

2010-01-01

472

Isolation of full-length putative rat lysophospholipase cDNA using improved methods for mRNA isolation and cDNA cloning

Impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism and kinetic properties of cytochrome oxidase following acute aluminium phosphide exposure in rat liver

The authors have cloned a full-length putative rat pancreatic lysophospholipase cDNA by an improved mRNA isolation method and cDNA cloning strategy using (/sup 32/P)-labelled nucleotides. These new methods allow the construction of a cDNA library from the adult rat pancreas in which the majority of recombinant clones contained complete sequences for the corresponding mRNAs. A previously recognized but unidentified long and relatively rare cDNA clone containing the entire sequence from the cap site at the 5' end to the poly(A) tail at the 3' end of the mRNA was isolated by single-step screening of the library. The size, amino acid composition, and the activity of the protein expressed in heterologous cells strongly suggest this mRNA codes for lysophospholipase.

1987-03-24

473

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The present study was designed with an aim to analyze the effect of acute aluminium phosphide (ALP) exposure (10mg/kg b.wt, intragastrically) on the kinetic characteristics of cytochrome oxidase and energy metabolism in male Wistar rat liver mitochondria. Liver mitochondrial preparations from ALP-treated rats exhibited significant decrease (66%) in the activity of cytochrome oxidase suggesting that there was a decrease in the catalytic efficiency of the active oxidase molecules on ALP treatment. The decreased activity of cytochrome oxidase with altered NADH and succinic dehydrogenase activities might have contributed towards a significant decline in state 3 and state 4 respiration as observed. These alterations in the electron transport chain complexes in turn adversely affected the ATP sy...

2010-01-01

474

Expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 and 3 in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Objective: : Evaluate expression of inducible negative regulators of JAK/STAT pathway and their target proteins during the course of ligature-induced experimental periodontal disease in rats. Design: : Rats were sacrificed 07, 15 and 30days after disease induction for histological evaluation of periodontal inflammation and macroscopic analysis of alveolar bone loss. SOCS expression and the activation status of STAT1 and STAT3 were evaluated in gingival biopsies by real time PCR and Western blot. Results: : Ligature-induced model presented significant progressive bone loss from 7 to 30days. Inflammation was evident and similar for 07 and 15days; however, a decrease on severity at the end of the experimental period was observed. There was a significant (p<0.05) increase on SOCS1 and SOCS3 ge...

2011-01-01

475

Evaluation of pressor and visceromotor reflex responses to bladder distension in urethane anesthetized rats

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Aims We tested cardiovascular and visceromotor reflex (VMR) responses to urinary bladder distension (UBD) in urethane anesthetized rats to see if it can replicate the response pattern and the inhibition of bladder nociceptive transmission by analgesics seen in isoflurane anesthetized animals. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats under 3% isoflurane anesthesia were acutely instrumented with jugular venous, carotid arterial, and bladder cannulas for drug administration, blood pressure (BP) measurement, and bladder distension, respectively. Needle electrodes were placed directly into the abdominal musculature to measure myoelectrical activity subsequent to phasic UBD (30 sec in 3 min intervals). A cardiovascular response (pressor) and a VMR response (a contraction of abdominal and hind limb mus...

2009-01-01

476

Estrogen and raloxifene improve metaphyseal fracture healing in the early phase of osteoporosis. A new fracture-healing model at the tibia in rat

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background Fracture healing in osteoporosis is delayed. Quality and speed of fracture healing in osteoporotic fractures are crucial with regard to the outcome of patients. The question arises whether established antiosteoporotic drugs can further improve fracture healing. Materials and methods Osteoporosis manifests predominantly in the metaphyseal bone. Nevertheless, an established metaphyseal fracture model is lacking. A standardized metaphyseal fracture-healing model with stable plate fixation was developed for rat tibiae. The healing process was analyzed by biomechanical, gene expression, and histomorphometric methods in ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated rats (SHAM), compared to standardized estrogen (E)- and raloxifene (R)-supplemented diets. Results Estrogen and raloxifene impro...

2010-01-01

477

Enhanced In Vivo Function of Bioartificial Lungs in Rats

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

BackgroundMore than 11 million Americans live with chronic lung disease; in search for an alternative to donor organs, we attempted to regenerate lungs based on perfusion decellularized lung scaffolds that can be transplanted similar to a donor organ. MethodsCadaveric rat lungs were decellularized by detergent perfusion. Resulting scaffolds were mounted in bioreactors and seeded with endothelial and fetal lung cells. Biomimetic organ culture was maintained for 7 days. Resulting bioartificial left lungs were transplanted in orthotopic position after left pneumonectomy in rats. Cadaveric left lung transplants and pneumonectomies served as controls. Blood gas analyses, compliance testing, and fluoroscopies were performed on postoperative days 1, 7, and 14. Lungs were removed for final analysi...

2011-01-01

478

Diphenyl diselenide and analogs are substrates of cerebral rat thioredoxin reductase: A pathway for their neuroprotective effects

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isoforms play important roles in cell physiology, protecting cells against oxidative processes. In addition to its endogenous substrates (Trx isoforms), hepatic TrxR can reduce organic selenium compounds such as ebselen and diphenyl diselenide to their selenol intermediates, which can be involved in their hepatoprotective properties. Taking this into account, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypothesis that ebselen, diphenyl diselenide and its analogs (4,4'-bistrifluoromethyldiphenyl diselenide, 4,4'-bismethoxydiphenyl diselenide, 4.4'-biscarboxy-diphenyl diselenide, 4,4'-bischlorodiphenyl diselenide, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-hexamethyldiphenyl diselenide) could be substrates of rat brain TrxR. In the presence of partially purified rat brain TrxR, dipheny...

2011-01-01

479

Assessment of oral toxicity and safety of 9-cis-UAB30, a potential chemopreventive agent, in rat and dog studies

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

9-cis-UAB30 is a potential chemopreventative agent that has been shown to be effective on many different types of tumors. The safety and toxicity of 9-cis-UAB30 had not been previously established. These studies were conducted to evaluate the potential toxicity and pharmacokinetics in a rodent and a nonrodent species for the purpose of investigational new drug submission. Oral gavage administration of 9-cis-UAB30 at the doses 0, 3, 15, and 100 ?mg/kg/day to CD? rats for 28 days showed a dose-dependent (although not dose-proportional) increase in plasma drug levels in week 4. The liver was the target organ for toxicity of 9-cis-UAB30. Hepatomegaly along with increases in serum aspartate-aminotransferase and alkaline-phosphatase levels were seen in rats. Moderate hypoalbuminemia and hyperglo...

2011-01-01

480

Absence of positive effect of black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) on fracture healing in osteopenic rodent model

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The healing of predominantly metaphyseal fractures in postmenopausal osteoporosis is delayed and comparatively poor. Due to the potential side effects of HRT, natural alternatives are appealing. The aim of this study was to determine whether Cimicifuga racemosa extract BNO 1055 improves metaphyseal fracture healing in severe osteopenic bone in rats. Thirty three 12 week old female rats developed severe osteopenia during 10 weeks after ovariectomy. After metaphyseal tibial osteotomy and standardized T plate osteosynthesis, the healing periods in ovariectomized rats (C), 17 estradiol (E) and Cimicifuga racemosa (CR) supplemented diets were assessed for 35 days. Changes in callus morphology were evaluated qualitatively by biomechanical testing and quantitatively in microradiographies...

2010-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

481

A comparison of hepatic in vitro metabolism of T-2 toxin in rats, pigs, chickens, and carp

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

T-2 toxin, a highly toxic member of the type-A trichothecenes, is produced by various Fusarium moulds that can potentially affect human health. It is strongly cytotoxic for human hematopoietic progenitors. Alimentary toxic aleukia (ATA), a disease typically associated with human, is primarily induced by T-2 toxin. A comparison of the metabolism of T-2 toxin incubated with hepatocytes of rats, piglets, chickens, and the hepatic subcellular fractions (microsomes and cytosol) of piglets, chickens, rats, and carp (common carp and grass carp) was carried out. The activities of the recombinant pig CYP3A29 on the transformation of T-2 and HT-2 toxins were preliminary studied. Metabolites were identified by novel LC/MS-IT-TOF. Qualitative similarities and differences across the species were observ...

2011-01-01

482

cDNA Cloning and mRNA analysis of PGC-1 in epitrochlearis muscle in swimming-exercised rats.

Transport into retina measured by short vascular perfusion in the rat.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1), a cold-inducible coactivator of nuclear receptors, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in muscle cells. In the present study, we first cloned a rat PGC-1 gene from a brown adipose tissue cDNA library which encodes a predicted 796-amino-acid protein and exhibits respectively 98% and 95% identity with the mouse and human homologues. Next, we examined the effect of swimming exercise training on the level of expression of the PGC-1 gene in rat epitrochlearis (Epi) muscle. PGC-1 mRNA level in Epi muscle in rats that swam 2 h a day for 3 and 7 days increased dramatically by 154% and 163%, respectively, compared to the non-exercised control group. PGC-1 mRNA up-regulation was not observed in an immersion group treated at 35 degrees C during the training program but without swimming exercise. These results demonstrate that expression of the ...

2000-08-01

483

Some aspects of the pharmacology of an homologous series of choline esters of fatty acids

1. The short duration cerebrovascular perfusion method for measuring permeability of the blood-brain barrier has been adapted to measuring transport into the retina. 2. The method has been characterized...Full Text Available

1993-10-01

484

Sequence Reactivation in the Hippocampus is Impaired in Aged Rats

The pharmacological effects of a series of fatty acid-choline esters have been studied on the isolated rabbit heart, the isolated guinea-pig ileum and the rat stomach. The effect changed with increasing...Full Text Available

1957-03-01

485

Sensitivity limits for voltage control of P2Y receptor-evoked Ca²⁺ mobilization in the rat megakaryocyte

The hippocampus is thought to coordinate memory consolidation by reactivating traces from behavioral experience when the brain is not actively processing new input. In fact, during slow-wave...Full Text Available

2008-07-30

486

Profound human/mouse differences in alpha-dystrobrevin isoforms: a novel syntrophin-binding site and promoter missing in mouse and rat

G-protein-coupled receptor signalling has been suggested to be voltage dependent in a number of cell types; however, the limits of sensitivity of this potentially important phenomenon are unknown. Using...Full Text Available

2004-02-15

487

Platelet-derived growth factor inhibits bone regeneration induced by osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, in rat craniotomy defects.

BackgroundThe dystrophin glycoprotein complex is disrupted in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and many other neuromuscular diseases. The principal heterodimeric partner of dystrophin...Full Text Available

488

Nyctohemeral Rhythm in Melatonin Response to Isoproterenol In vitro: Comparison of Rats and Syrian Hamsters,

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent moderator of soft tissue repair through induction of the inflammatory phase of repair and subsequent enhanced collagen deposition. We examined the effect...Full Text Available

1993-12-01

489

LOUSE-BORNE BACTERIAL PATHOGENS IN LICE (PHTHIRAPTERA) OF RODENTS AND CATTLE FROM EGYPT

The in vitro response of melatonin synthesis was assessed by incubation of individual whole pineal glands for 4 hr without or with different concentrations of isoproterenol in the medium. Pineals were taken either at the end of the 14-hr light phase (day)...

1987-01-01

490

Intestinal accumulation of lead salts and milk lead by suckling rats

... were erroneous. The oriental rat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild, is considered to be the primary vector of ... laboratory and production of Weigl's exanthematous typhus vaccine. In Maintenance of hum...

491

Increased NO bioavailability in aging male rats by genistein and exercise training: using 4, 5-diaminofluorescein diacetate

Absorption of lead is known to be enhanced during infancy. In this study, the sites of intestinal accumulation of Pb by suckling rats have been determined under various conditions using "2"0"3Pb as a tracer. When "2"0"3Pb was administered intragastrically (IG) as a soluble salt, accumulation occurred primarily in the duodenum, regardless of dose and vehicle. In contrast, when rat pups suckled from a dam which had received "2"0"3Pb, the only region of the small intestine showing accumulation of radioactivity was the ileum. To confirm that these differences were not related to the route of administration, rat milk was labeled with "2"0"3Pb and was then used for IG administration. Once again, accumulation (4 hr post-administration) was confined to the ileum. When the dose was increased 10-fold, milk Pb displayed some accumulation in duodenal tissue, but very much less than that of soluble Pb at the same time and dosage. At 20 ...

492

Gynura procumbens Merr. decreases blood pressure in rats by vasodilatation via inhibition of calcium channels

BackgroundSeveral kinds of anti-oxidants have drawn a lot of intension for their benefits on vascular protection. In addition, it has been demonstrated that exercise training could...Full Text Available

493

Gene expression profile of rat left ventricles reveals persisting changes following chronic mild exercise protocol: implications for cardioprotection

INTRODUCTION:Gynura procumbens has been shown to decrease blood pressure via inhibition of the angiotensin‐converting enzyme. However, other mechanisms that...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

494

Expression of leukotriene receptors in the rat dorsal root ganglion and the effects on pain behaviors

BackgroundEpidemiological studies showed that physical exercise, specifically moderate lifelong training, is protective against cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Most experimental...Full Text Available

495

Dietary Ammonium Chloride for the Acidification of Mouse Urine

BackgroundLeukotrienes (LTs) belong to the large family of lipid mediators implicated in various inflammatory conditions such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Four distinct types...Full Text Available

496

Chronic immobilisation stress ameliorates clinical score and neuroinflammation in a MOG-induced EAE in Dark Agouti rats: mechanisms implicated

A novel therapeutic compound was found to induce bladder tumors in male rats. Given the location of the tumors and the increased amounts of calcium- and magnesium-containing solids found in the urine...Full Text Available

2009-03-01

497

Changes in the surface fine structure of ependyma of the rat third ventricle following operative leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the endpoint of a complex and still poorly understood process which results in inflammation, demyelination and axonal and neuronal degeneration....Full Text Available

498

The role of the ventricular ependyma in the elaboration of cerebrospinal fluid under resting conditions is well documented. In an attempt to elucidate its response to cerebrospinal fluid leakage, male...Full Text Available

1985-01-01

499

1980-1990 - NASA Technical Report Server (NTRS)

The cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has emerged as a key regulator of metabolism, stress resistance and longevity. Apart from its role as ...Full Text Available

500