nanotube-based anode preparation: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

Electrospun carbon fiber mat with layered architecture for anode in microbial fuel cells

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

2

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Layered carbon fiber mats have been prepared by layer-by-layer (LBL) electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile onto thin natural cellulose paper and subsequent carbonization. The layered carbon fiber mat has been proved to be a promising microbial fuel cell anode for high density layered biofilm propagation and high bioelectrocatalytic anodic current density.

2011-01-01

3

Electrochemical stability of silicon/carbon composite anode for lithium ion batteries

Influence of the reductive preparation conditions on the morphology and on the electrochemical performance of Sn/SnSb

Silicon/carbon composite anode materials were prepared by pyrolyzing the phenol-formaldehyde resin (PFR) mixed with silicon and graphite powders. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation showed that the morphology stability of the composite electrodes can be retained during cycling. A structure evolution mechanism is proposed to illuminate the enhancement of cycleability of the composite electrode. The composite used as anode material for lithium ion batteries possesses a reversible capacity of over 700 mAh/g.

2007-04-20

4

Development of nanocomposites for anode materials in Li-ion batteries

Lithium storage metals and alloys can be suitable high-capacity anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, when the morphology is specifically designed. Here, we compare three different Sn/SnSb multiphase anode materials in powder form, which have been prepared in aqueous and organic solution by chemical precipitation using NaBH{sub 4} or Zn as reductive agents. The obtained morphologies, chemical compositions, and the electrochemical performance will be comparatively discussed. The variety of synthesis parameters which have an effect on the morphology of the obtained anode materials will be particularly highlighted.

2004-03-15

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British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Nanocomposites based on SnO2 with carbon scaffold were used as highly porous anode films on Ni substrates. The films were obtained by in situ deposition of the particles without any binder or excess carbon black avoiding any secondary treatment. Compared to similarly prepared uncoated SnO2 nanoparticles as well as conventionally prepared powder samples the capacity loss of the in situ deposited nanocomposite films is significantly reduced. Thus, this newly developed anode material combined with in situ film formation is a promising approach for high capacity anodes in Li-ion batteries. SEM-micrograph of a SnO2/C nanoparticle film.

2011-01-01

6

Zn-Al alloy as a new anode-metal of a zinc-air battery

Anodic protection theory and practice in the prevention of corrosion

Low operating power and short cycle life are 2 of the main draw-backs of zinc-air batteries, despite the fact that various attempts have been made to develop improved zinc (Zn) anodes. This study investigated the performance of a Zn anode with a substantial addition of aluminium (Al). Rolled sheets of Zn-Al alloys of varying amounts of Zn and Al were used to prepare the anodes. Results of the study showed that the cells had higher open circuit voltages (OCV) values as well as a higher specific anode capacity. It was observed that specific anode capacity increased with higher current loading. The Zn{sub 59}Al{sub 41} and Zn{sub 67}Al{sub 33} sheets showed the highest performance with high OCV values of between 1540 and 1560 mV, as well as the largest specific anode capacity of 750-800 mAh per g at a discharge current of 200 mA. The 2-phase ...

2006-01-15

7

Design of experiment approach applied to reducing and oxidizing tolerance of anode supported solid oxide fuel cell. Part II: Electrical, electrochemical and microstructural characterization of tape-cast cells

Anodic protection

1981-01-01

8

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

One of the major limitations of the nickel (Ni) - yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) anode support for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) is its low capability to withstand transients between reducing and oxidizing atmospheres (''RedOx'' cycle), owing to the Ni-to-NiO volume expansion. This work presents results on different anode supports fabricated by tape casting. Three compositions are prepared, as the outcome of a preceding design of experiment approach. The NiO proportion is 40, 50 and 60wt% of the anode composite. The anode support characteristics like shrinkage during sintering, in-situ conductivity at high temperature, electrochemical performance and tolerance against RedOx cycles have been measured. Performance up to 0.72Wcm^-^2 (0.62V, 800^oC) is recorded for the 60wt% NiO sample on sm...

2011-01-01

9

Use of ceramic porous membranes in molten carbonate fuel cells

Synthesis of nano Sb-encapsulated pyrolytic polyacrylonitrile composite for anode material in lithium secondary batteries

The diffusion of alkali vapours in the anode compartment of a DIR-MCFC produces the deactivation of the internal reforming catalyst. Sets of ceramic porous membranes purposed to limit the diffusion have been manufactured by different techniques and the influence of the preparation technique and of the preparative variables on the morphological characteristics of the membranes structures has been studied.

1996-12-31

10

Nanocrystalline MnO thin film anode for lithium ion batteries with low overpotential

A novel process was proposed to synthesize nano Sb-encapsulated pyrolytic polyacrylonitrile composite for anode material in lithium secondary batteries. The preparation started with the dissolution of SbCl{sub 3} and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in dimethylformamide (DMF) solution, followed by the addition of KBH{sub 4} to reduce Sb{sup 3+} in the solution. The Sb composite was obtained by pyrolysis of the Sb/PAN mixture that precipitated out when the DMF solution was added by plentiful water. The TEM analysis showed that about 100-200 nm Sb particles were embedded by the pyrolyzed PAN, which provided a conductive matrix to relieve the morphological change of Sb during electrochemical cycling. As-prepared composite presented good cycleability for lithium storage. The proposed process paves an effective way to prepare high performance alloy based composite anode materials for high ...

2007-03-01

11

Novel alloys to improve the electrochemical behavior of zinc anodes for zinc/air battery

Nanocrystalline MnO thin film has been prepared by a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. The reversible lithium storage capacity of the MnO thin film electrodes at 0.125C is over 472 mAh g{sup -1} (3484 mAh cm{sup -3}) and can be retained more than 90% after 25 cycles. At a rate of 6C, 55% value of the capacity at 0.125C rate can be obtained for both charge and discharge. As-prepared MnO thin film electrodes show the lowest values of overpotential for both charge and discharge among transition metal oxides. All these performances make MnO a promising high capacity anode material for Li-ion batteries. (author)

2009-04-15

12

Mechanochemical synthesis and anode properties of SnO-based amorphous materials

In our continued efforts for improving the performance of zinc anodes for a Zn/air battery, we now report the preparation of three alloys and improved performances of anodes made up with these alloys. The alloys contained zinc, nickel, and indium with different weight percentages and were calcined at two different temperatures. Out of the six alloys, the alloy which has a composition of zinc 90%, nickel 7.5% and Indium 2.5% and fired at 500{sup o}C is found to be the best. In the case of the hydrogen evolution reaction, this alloy had its potential shifted to a more negative potential. As far as the cyclic voltammograms were concerned, the difference between the anodic and cathodic part was minimal when compared with other alloys. Surprisingly, this alloy had reversibility even after 100 cycles of the cyclic voltammogram. This is a clear indication that dendrite formation was reduced to a considerable ...

2006-10-06

13

Platinum-based ternary catalysts for low temperature fuel cells. Part 1. Preparation methods and structural characteristics

Many investigations of anode materials for lithium-ion secondary batteries have been carried out in order to obtain batteries of higher capacity and energy density. Recently, SnO-based glasses, which were prepared by the usual melt quenching technique, have been proposed as a new anode for lithium-ion secondary batteries by Idota et al. It has been reported that the capacity per unit weight was higher than 600 mAh g{sup {minus}1} and the capacity per unit volume was higher than 2,200 mAh cm{sup {minus}3}, values which are almost double those for carbon materials used as anodes of commercial lithium-ion batteries at present. Thus SnO-based glasses have attracted much interest as high-capacity anode materials for lithium-ion secondary batteries. Amorphous materials in the system SnO-B{sub 2}O{sub 3}-P{sub 2}O{sub 5}, with or without the addition of Li{sub 2}O, were synthesized by ...

1999-11-01

14

Study of copper foam-supported Sn thin film as a high-capacity anode for lithium-ion batteries

Pt-based ternary catalysts have been proposed as electrode materials for low temperature fuel cells. Pt-Ru-based ternary catalysts were tested as anode materials with improved CO tolerance or enhanced activity for methanol or ethanol oxidation. Ternary catalysts based on platinum alloyed with first row transition metals were tested as cathode materials with improved activity for the oxygen reduction. This paper presents an overview of the preparation methods and structural characteristics of these ternary catalysts. (author)

2007-07-31

15

Platinum-based ternary catalysts for low temperature fuel cells. Part 2. Electrochemical properties

Three-dimensional porous Sn thin film electrodes were prepared by electroless deposition on copper foam, then its morphology and electrochemical property were studied by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electrochemical cycling test and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The porous framework and micro-holes have shown a great structure advantage in restricting severe volume changes when the Sn thin film was employed as anode for lithium-ion battery. The film electrode of sample C with an initial capacity of 676 mAh g{sup -1} showed good cycle performance displayed by retaining a capacity of 313 mAh g{sup -1} after 100 cycles.

2009-10-01

16

High capacity Si/DC/MWCNTs nanocomposite anode materials for lithium ion batteries

The development of high performance electrode materials is currently one of the main activities in the field of the low temperature fuel cells, fuelled with H{sub 2}/CO or low molecular weight alcohols. A promising way to attain higher catalytic performance is to add a third element to the best binary catalysts actually used as anode and cathode materials. In Part I of this review an overview of the preparation and structural characteristics of Pt-based ternary catalysts was presented. This part of the review deals with the electrochemical properties of these catalysts regarding their CO tolerance and electrocatalytic activity for methanol and ethanol oxidation in the case of anode materials, and their activity for oxygen reduction and stability in fuel cell conditions when used as cathode materials. (author)

2007-07-31

17

Electrospun porous SnO2 nanotubes as high capacity anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Nanocomposites comprising nanocrystal silicon (Si), disordered carbon (DC), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) - denoted as Si/DC/MWCNTs - have been prepared by pyrolyzing the phenol-formaldehyde resin (PFR) mixed with Si and MWCNTs. This nanocomposite anode material showed a discharge capacity of 1216 mAh/g in the first cycle, and a charge capacity of 711 mAh/g after 20 charge-discharge, much higher than that of Si/DC composite. It can be observed that Si particles wrapped in MWCNTs were homogeneously embedded into the matrix of the DC. The improved electrochemical performance is hypothesized to be mainly attributed to the morphology stability of the composite due to the excellent resiliency and distinct electric conductivity of the MWCNTs.

2010-03-18

18

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Porous SnO2 nanotubes were prepared via electrospinning followed by calcination in air. As anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the porous nanotubes delivered a high discharge capacity of 807mAhg^-^1 after 50cycles. Even after cycled at high rates, the electrode still retained a high fraction of its theoretical capacity. Such excellent performances of porous SnO2 nanotubes could be attributed to the porous and hollow structure which facilitated liquid electrolyte diffusion into the bulk materials and buffered large volume changes during lithium ions insertion/extraction. Furthermore, the nanoparticles of nanotubes provided the shorter diffusion length for lithium ions insertion which benefited in retaining the structural stability and good rate performance. Our results demonstrated t...

2010-01-01

19

Effect of lithium intercalation on the structure of non-graphitizable carbon: small-angle neutron scattering

Cycleable graphite/FeSi{sub 6} alloy composite as a high capacity anode material for Li-ion batteries

Recent developments in rechargeable Li-ion battery technology include the use of lithium-carbon compounds instead of metallic anodes. Non-graphitizable carbons offer high capacity as the anode material but it's large irreversible capacity must be solved. The ultimate goals of the present work are to understand the origin of the high capacity and large irreversible capacity in conjunction with the structural change due to Li intercalation and thus to establish a scientific basis for optimizing their performance in real batteries. 'House of cards' model is considered and emphasis is given to find out the size of the pores present in the carbon fibers prepared from an isotropic petroleum pitch and heat treated at 1200degC. Small angle neutron scattering and wide angle neutron scattering results provide enlargement of pores and d-spacing of grapheme layers after Li intercalation. (author)

2001-03-01

20

Zn/gelled 6M KOH/O{sub 2} zinc-air battery

FeSi{sub 6}/graphite composite was prepared by mechanical ball milling. The FeSi{sub 6} alloy particles consist of an electrochemically active silicon phase and inactive phases FeSi{sub 2}, distributed uniformly in the graphite matrix. The composite anode offers a large reversible capacity (about 800 mAh g{sup -1}) and good cycleability, due to the buffering effect of the inactive FeSi{sub 2} phase and graphite layers on the volumetric changes of Si phase during lithium-Si alloying reaction. Since FeSi{sub 6} alloy is a low-cost industrial material, this alloy compound provides a possible alternative for development of high capacity lithium-ion batteries. (author)

2008-10-01

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21

Discharging-ionization of tellurium in nitric acid electrolytes in the presence of tartrate ions

The gel electrolyte for the zinc-air cell was prepared by mixing hydroponics gel with a 6M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. The self-discharge of cells was characterized by measuring the open-circuit voltage. The effect of a discharge rate of 50mA constant current on cell voltage and plateau hour, as well as the voltage-current and current density-power density were measured and analysed. The electrode degradation after discharge cycling was characterized by structural and surface methods. The oxidation of the electrode surface further blocked the utilization of the Zn anode and was identified as a cause for the failure of the cell. (author)

2006-09-13

22

Anodic oxide coatings on metals and anodic protection /2nd revised and enlarged edition/. Anodnye oksidnye pokrytiia na metallakh i anodnaia zashchita /2nd revised and enlarged edition/

The authors investigated the influence of tartaric acid, which possesses complex-forming properties. In order to establish the optimum system of possible refinement of tellurium, the authors study the kinetics of both the cathodic and the anodic processes. The investigation of processes of discharging-ionization of tellurium from nitric acid electrolytes in the presence of tartrate ions showed the possibility of preparing a nitric-tartaric acid electrolyte which can be used for commercial purposes and from which a high-purity raffinate was obtained from technical tellurium.

1986-03-20

23

Ordered magnetic nanohole and antidot arrays prepared through replication from anodic alumina templates

The theoretical principles underlying the formation of oxide and, in particular, anodic oxide coatings on metals produced by chemical oxidation, anodizing in solutions, and anodizing in cold plasmas are reviewed. The mechanisms and conditions of anodic oxidation are described, and the structure of anodic oxide coatings on aluminum, magnesium, beryllium, zinc, cadmium, iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, zirconium, tantalum, and chromium alloys is examined. Attention is also given to various applictins of anodized coatings. 54 references.

1985-01-01

24

Ordered magnetic nanohole and antidot arrays prepared through replication from anodic alumina templates

Highly ordered arrays of Ni nanoholes and Fe{sub 20}Ni{sub 80} antidots have been prepared, respectively, by replica/antireplica processing and sputtering techniques using nanoporous alumina membranes as templates. Geometrical characteristics as nanohole/antidot diameter, interpore distance and the overall hexagonal symmetry of arrays are controlled through the original templates. Experimental data on their hysteresis and magnetic domain structure have been taken by vibrating sample magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy, respectively. An analysis of the magnetization process, resulting magnetic anisotropy and magnetic domain structure is summarized considering the influence of those geometry aspects. In particular, the hexagonal symmetry and the density of nanohole/antidots determine the overall magnetic behavior, which is of interest in future high-density magnetic storage systems.

2008-07-15

25

MHD Integrated Topping Cycle Project. Fourteenth quarterly technical progress report, November 1, 1990-- January 31, 1991

Highly ordered arrays of Ni nanoholes and Fe20Ni80 antidots have been prepared, respectively, by replica/antireplica processing and sputtering techniques using nanoporous alumina membranes as templates. Geometrical characteristics as nanohole/antidot diameter, interpore distance and the overall hexagonal symmetry of arrays are controlled through the original templates. Experimental data on their hysteresis and magnetic domain structure have been taken by vibrating sample magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy, respectively. An analysis of the magnetization process, resulting magnetic anisotropy and magnetic domain structure is summarized considering the influence of those geometry aspects. In particular, the hexagonal symmetry and the density of nanohole/antidots determine the overall magnetic behavior, which is of interest in future high-density magnetic storage systems.

2008-07-01

26

MHD Integrated Topping Cycle Project

This fourteenth quarterly technical progress report of the MHD Integrated Topping Cycle Project presents the accomplishments during the period November 1, 1990 to January 31, 1991. Testing of the High Pressure Cooling Subsystem electrical isolator was completed. The PEEK material successfully passed the high temperature, high pressure duration tests (50 hours). The Combustion Subsystem drawings were CADAM released. The procurement process is in progress. An equipment specification and RFP were prepared for the new Low Pressure Cooling System (LPCS) and released for quotation. Work has been conducted on confirmation tests leading to final gas-side designs and studies to assist in channel fabrication.The final cathode gas-side design and the proposed gas-side designs of the anode and sidewall are presented. Anode confirmation tests and related analyses of anode wear mechanisms used in the selection of the ...

1992-02-01

27

Anodic behavior of titanium in sodium iodide solutions. Anionic anodic activation

This fourteenth quarterly technical progress report of the MHD Integrated Topping Cycle Project presents the accomplishments during the period November 1, 1990 to January 31, 1991. Testing of the High Pressure Cooling Subsystem electrical isolator was completed. The PEEK material successfully passed the high temperature, high pressure duration tests (50 hours). The Combustion Subsystem drawings were CADAM released. The procurement process is in progress. An equipment specification and RFP were prepared for the new Low Pressure Cooling System (LPCS) and released for quotation. Work has been conducted on confirmation tests leading to final gas-side designs and studies to assist in channel fabrication.The final cathode gas-side design and the proposed gas-side designs of the anode and sidewall are presented. Anode confirmation tests and related analyses of anode wear mechanisms used in the selection of the ...

1992-02-01

28

Paper-based, printed zinc-air battery

Results are reported which were obtained when investigating the anodic behavior of titanium in sodium iodide solutions. It was concluded that in order to explain the special features in the anodic behavior and anionic anodic activity of titanium one must take into account, both a redistribution of the potential drop between the oxide and the Helmholtz layer and a potential-dependent variation of the catalytic and adsorption properties of the oxidized titanium anode.

1987-02-01

29

Synthesis and electrochemistry properties of Sn-Sb ultrafine particles as anode of lithium-ion batteries

A flexible battery is printed on paper by screen-printing a zinc/carbon/polymer composite anode on one side of the sheet, polymerising a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) cathode on the other side of the sheet, and applying a lithium chloride electrolyte between the two electrodes. The PEDOT cathode is prepared by inkjet printing a pattern of iron(III)p-toluenesulfonate as a solution in butan-1-ol onto paper, followed by vapour phase polymerisation of the monomer. The electrolyte is prepared as a solution of lithium chloride and lithium hydroxide and also applied by inkjet printing on to paper, where it is absorbed into the sheet cross-section. Measurements on a zinc/carbon-PEDOT/air battery in a similar configuration on a polyethylene naphthalate substrate shows a discharge capacity of up to 1.4 mAh cm{sup -2} for an initial load of 2.5 mg zinc, equivalent to almost 70% of the zinc content of the ...

2009-12-01

30

Lithium intercalation in porous carbon electrodes

Ultrafine particles of Sn-Sb alloys with different chemical composition have been prepared by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction. Structure, morphology, size and chemical composition of the Sn-Sb ultrafine particles were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, BET gas adsorption, and induction-coupled plasma spectroscopy. It was found that all the particles have spherical shapes, with average particle size in the range of 100-300 nm. The electrochemistry properties as an alternative anode material for lithium-ion batteries have been characterized by constant current cycling and cyclic voltammetry. Electrochemical measurements showed that the alloys with Sn-46.5 at.% Sb have best reversible capacity and capacity retention. It exhibited a high reversible lithium-ion storage capacity of 701 mAh g"-"1 in the initial cycle, which has remained at 81% (i.e., 566 mAh g"-"1) of its original capacity after 20 cycles.

2007-07-31

31

Electrospun porous SnO{sub 2} nanotubes as high capacity anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Carbons derived from the phase separation of polyacrylonitrile/solvent mixtures were investigated as lithium intercalation anodes for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The carbon electrodes have a bulk density of 0.35-0.5 g/cm{sup 3}, relatively low surface areas (< 10 m{sup 2}/g), and micron-size cells. Pyrolysis temperature influences the reversible lithium intercalation and the irreversible capacity (associated with the formation of the passivating layer). Carbon electrodes pyrolyzed at 600{degrees}C have first-cycle capacity as high as 550 mAh/g as well as large irreversible capacity, 440 mAh/g. Electrodes prepared at 1050{degrees}C have reversible capacities around 270 mAh/g with relatively lower capacity losses (120 mAh/g). Doping the organic precursors with phosphoric acid, prior to pyrolysis at 1050{degrees}C, leads to carbon electrodes with reversible capacities as high as 450 mAh/g. The capacity of doped carbon increased with ...

1995-04-01

32

Design of experiment approach applied to reducing and oxidizing tolerance of anode supported solid oxide fuel cell. Part I: Microstructure optimization

Porous SnO{sub 2} nanotubes were prepared via electrospinning followed by calcination in air. As anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the porous nanotubes delivered a high discharge capacity of 807 mAh g{sup -1} after 50 cycles. Even after cycled at high rates, the electrode still retained a high fraction of its theoretical capacity. Such excellent performances of porous SnO{sub 2} nanotubes could be attributed to the porous and hollow structure which facilitated liquid electrolyte diffusion into the bulk materials and buffered large volume changes during lithium ions insertion/extraction. Furthermore, the nanoparticles of nanotubes provided the shorter diffusion length for lithium ions insertion which benefited in retaining the structural stability and good rate performance. Our results demonstrated that this simple method could be extended for the synthesis of porous metal oxide nanotubes with high performances in the applications of ...

2010-10-15

33

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The main drawback of Ni/YSZ anode supports for solid oxide fuel cell application is their low tolerance to reducing and oxidizing (RedOx) atmosphere changes, owing to the Ni/NiO volume variation. This work describes a structured approach based on design of experiments for optimizing the microstructure for RedOx stability enhancement. A full factorial hypercube design and the response surface methodology are applied with the variables and their variation range defined as: (1) NiO proportion (40-60wt% of the ceramic powders), (2) pore-former proportion (0-30wt% corresponding to 0-64vol.%), (3) NiO particle size (0.5-8mm) and (4) 8YSZ particle size (0.6-9mm). To obtain quadratic response models, 25 different compositions were prepared forming a central composite design. The measured responses...

2011-01-01

34

An Insoluble Titanium-Lead Anode for Sulfate Electrolytes

Synthesis and enhanced light absorption of alumina matrix nanocomposites containing multilayer oxide nanorods and silver nanoparticles

The project is devoted to the development of novel insoluble anodes for copper electrowinning and electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) production. The anodes are made of titanium-lead composite material produced by techniques of powder metallurgy, compaction of titanium powder, sintering and subsequent lead infiltration. The titanium-lead anode combines beneficial electrochemical behavior of a lead anode with high mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of a titanium anode. In the titanium-lead anode, the titanium stabilizes the lead, preventing it from spalling, and the lead sheathes the titanium, protecting it from passivation. Interconnections between manufacturing process, structure, composition and properties of the titanium-lead composite material were investigated. The material containing 20-30 vol.% of lead had optimal combination of mechanical ...

2005-05-11

35

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this paper, multilayer oxide nanorods were deposited in the nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) via solution infiltration followed by heat treatment. The nanorods have a core-shell structure. First, the shell (nanotube) with the thickness of about 40nm was made of TiO"2 through the hydrolysis of (NH"4)"2TiF"6. Second, silver nanoparticles with the diameter of about 3nm were added into the TiO"2 layer through thermal decomposition of AgNO"3 at elevated temperatures. Then, cylindrical cores (nanorods) of CoO and ZnO with 200nm diameter were prepared, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the structure and composition of the nanorods. UV-vis light absorption measurements in the wavelength range from 350 to...

2011-01-01

36

Synthesis and characterization of conducting polymer composite (PAn/TiO{sup 2}) for cathode material in rechargeable battery

Electrochemical characterization of MnO2 as the cathode material for a high voltage hybrid capacitor

This paper deals with the preparation and characterization of polyaniline/TiO{sub 2} composite by XRD, UV-VIS spectra, TGA/DTA and FTIR. The composite is used as a cathode material for rechargeable battery comprising of zinc container as the anode, cellulose acetate as the separator and polyvinyl sulfate and carboxy methyl cellulose as the solid polymer electrolytes (SPE). By using the PAn/TiO{sub 2} composite as the cathode material, the cylindrical AA type rechargeable battery was fabricated and the following output was observed. The open circuit voltage (OCV) is 1.4 V and current is 250 mA to 1.0 A, 50 recharge cycles, power density is 350 A h/kg and power efficiency is 70%.

2003-02-01

37

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Manganese dioxide (MnO2) was prepared using the ultrasonic method. Its electrochemical performance was evaluated as the cathode material for a high voltage hybrid capacitor. And the specific capacitance of the MnO2 electrode reached 240 F.g-1. The new hybrid capacitor was constructed, combining Al/Al2O3 as the anode and MnO2 as the cathode with electrolyte for the aluminum electrolytic capacitor to solve the problem of low working voltage of a supercapacitor unit. The results showed that the hybrid capacitor had a high energy density and the ability of quick charging and discharging according to the electrochemical performance test. The capacitance was 84.4 mF, and the volume and mass energy densities were greatly improved compared to those of the traditional aluminum electrolytic capacito...

2009-01-01

38

Effect of preparative treatment on the corrosion resistance of duplex stainless steel

Corrosion and histopathological studies on anode materials for implantable power sources. [In vivo corrosion studies on anode material

The effect of surface treatment on the characteristics of the passive film on a super duplex stainless steel is addressed. Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) has been used to provide in-depth chemical profile analyses of the passivation film. This study showed that the constitution of the film is largely dependent on the electrolytic conditions under which it is produced or to which it is submitted. The passive films formed by polarisation in an alkaline solution (boric-borate solution) consist of two regions, an inner region rich in chromium and an outer region rich in iron, whilst the films produced in acid solution only present the chromium - rich region. The film thickness is also greatly affected by the polarisation conditions. It can vary from ca. 8 monolayers to about 20 monolayers for cathodically and anodically polarised specimens respectively. The microstructure of weldmetal is also discussed. (author)

1999-09-01

39

Mesoporous Silicon-Based Anodes for High Capacity, High - NASA

The biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of various materials for use as sacrificial anodes in in vivo hybrid fuel cells were studied. Aluminium, zinc, and magnesium alloy AZ31B were studied, and the results are discussed.

1974-01-01

40

XPS study of the passive films formed on nitrogen-implanted austenitic stainless steels

Aug 6, 2010 ... A new high capacity anode composite based on mesoporous silicon is proposed. By virtue of a structure that resembles a pseudo ...

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41

XPS study of the passive films formed on nitrogen-implanted austenitic stainless steels

Austenitic stainless steels (304-type) have been implanted with nitrogen ions in order to investigate the effects of implanted nitrogen on their electrochemical behaviour and on the nature of the passive film formed on the steels in acid (0.5M H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}). Alloys with two nitrogen doses have been prepared (2.5x10{sup 16} and 2x10{sup 17} N atoms/cm{sup 2}). The implanted alloys have been characterized by {sup 15}N-NRA (nuclear reaction analysis) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). Alloy surfaces with well-defined N concentrations were prepared, prior to the electrochemical measurements, by argon-ion sputtering of the implanted material for a fixed time in order to reach a well-defined point on the nitrogen depth profile. The samples were then transferred without exposure to air to an electrochemical cell mounted in an inert gas glove box. The implanted nitrogen modifies the electrochemical behaviour of the alloy. The ...

1992-05-01

42

Preparation of uranium (IV) from uranium (VI) by using an electrodialysis technique

Austenitic stainless steels (304-type) have been implanted with nitrogen ions in order to investigate the effects of implanted nitrogen on their electrochemical behaviour and on the nature of the passive film formed on the steels in acid (0.5M H_2SO_4). Alloys with two nitrogen doses have been prepared (2.5x10"1"6 and 2x10"1"7 N atoms/cm"2). The implanted alloys have been characterized by "1"5N-NRA (nuclear reaction analysis) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). Alloy surfaces with well-defined N concentrations were prepared, prior to the electrochemical measurements, by argon-ion sputtering of the implanted material for a fixed time in order to reach a well-defined point on the nitrogen depth profile. The samples were then transferred without exposure to air to an electrochemical cell mounted in an inert gas glove box. The implanted nitrogen modifies the electrochemical behaviour of the alloy. The anodic dissolution ...

1992-01-01

43

Preparation and electrochemical investigation of Li{sub 2}CoPO{sub 4}F cathode material for lithium-ion batteries

Preparation of a uranous nitrate solution from the reduction process of a uranyl nitrate solution by using electrodialysis technique with a cation exchange membrane has been studied. Uranyl ions were reduced into uranous ions in a nitric acid solution stabilized by hydrazine sulfate in a two-compartment electrolytic cell made from flexiglass. Platinum and carbon or stainless steel were used as anode and cathode, respectively. The electrodialysis process was carried out at room temperature. A piece of cation exchange membrane was inserted between the two compartments and the distance between electrode and membrane was 1.5 cm and this was kept constant throughout the experiment. A 100 ml of a nitric acid 1.4 M solution was in the anode chamber as analyte, whilst a 100 ml of a uranyl nitrate solution with the uranium concentration of 23.97 g/l was in the cathode chamber containing hydrazine sulfate. The parameters tasted were ...

2000-03-08

44

Synthesis of novel anode Li4Ti5O12/C with PAN as carbon source and its electrochemical performance

In this paper, we report the electrochemical characteristics of a novel cathode material, Li{sub 2}CoPO{sub 4}F, prepared by solid-state reactions. The solid-state reaction mechanism involved in synthesizing the Li{sub 2}CoPO{sub 4}F also is analyzed in this paper. When cycled between 2.0 V and 5.0 V during cyclic voltammetry measurements, the Li{sub 2}CoPO{sub 4}F samples present one, fully reversible anodic reaction at 4.81 V. When cycled between 2.0 V and 5.5 V, peaks occurring at 4.81 V and 5.12 V in the first anodic scan evolved to one broad oxidative, mound-like pattern in subsequent cycles. Correspondingly, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the Li{sub 2}CoPO{sub 4}F electrode discharged from 5.5 V to 2.0 V is slightly different from the patterns exhibited by a fresh sample and the sample discharged from 5.0 V to 2.0 V. This difference may correspond to a structural relaxation that appears above 5 V. In the ...

2011-02-15

45

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A newly carbon-doped Lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12/C) spinel-type composite material was routinely prepared by a simple solid-state reaction method using carbonization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as carbon source in an inert atmosphere. Impedance measurement shows that the resistance of the composite electrode is substantially lower than that of the pure one. Electrochemical performances of the prepared materials were investigated. Results indicate that the composite materials obtained with 10wt.% PAN shows relatively higher specific capacity, better cycling and higher rate performance. The first discharge specific capacity of 158mAhg^-^1, 138mAhg^-^1, and 121mAhg^-^1 were obtained at 0.2C rate, 1/3C rate, and 3C rate at room temperature, respectively. And it was also found that tap density o...

2011-01-01

46

Spherical nanostructured Si/C composite prepared by spray drying technique for lithium ion batteries anode

Effect of cerium addition to Ni-Cr anode electrode for molten carbonate fuel cells: Surface fractal dimensions, wettability and cell performance

Spherical nanostructured Si/C composite was prepared by spray drying technique, followed by heat treatment, in which nanosized silicon and fine graphite particles were homogeneously embedded in carbon matrix pyrolyzed by phenol formaldehyde resin. Cyclic voltammetry tests showed two pairs of redox peaks corresponding to lithiation and delithiation of Si/C composite. The Si/C composite exhibited a reversible capacity of 635 mAh g"-"1 and good cycle performance used in lithium ion batteries. To improve cycle performance of this Si/C composite further, the carbon-coated Si/C composite was synthesized by the second spray drying and heat treatment processing. The cycle performance of carbon-coated Si/C composite was improved significantly, which was attributed to the formation of stable SEI passivation layers on the outer surface of carbon shell which protected the bared silicon from exposing to electrolyte directly.

2006-07-15

47

Corrosion of 304 stainless steel in molten-carbonate fuel cells

The geometrical and chemical effects of cerium (Ce) addition to Ni-Cr anode electrode in molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) were investigated by measuring the fractal dimensions and wettability of four types of anode electrode with Ce added up to 5 wt.%. In addition, their cell performances were investigated through a single cell operation test and their results were explained based on the wettability of the anode electrodes. The addition of Ce to the anode electrode increased the fractal dimensions and wettabilities of the electrodes. Despite the even larger electrical resistivity of Ce compared to that of Ni and Cr, the electrical resistances of the Ce-added anode electrodes were slightly increased with increasing level of Ce addition. This might be ascribed to the greater wettability of the Ce-added anode electrode that enhanced the cell performance. ...

2007-02-15

48

A novel micro-spherical CoSn{sub 2}/Sn alloy composite as high capacity anode materials for Li-ion rechargeable batteries

The corrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel was characterized with cyclic voltammetry in a eutectic Li/K and Li/Na carbonate melt under anode and cathode gas of the molten-carbonate fuel cell (MCFC). The corrosion rate of 304 steel was determined in four different environments of the MCFC with electrochemical methods and from cross-sectional analysis of corrosion layers. These four environments were open-circuit and MCFC-load conditions both under anode and cathode gas. At open-circuit conditions corrosion was more severe under the oxidizing cathode gas then under the reducing anode gas. On the contrary, at load conditions corrosion was more severe under anode than under cathode gas. The anodic polarization under anode gas enhances corrosion, whereas the high anodic polarization under cathode gas leads to anodic ...

1999-07-01

49

Micro-scaled spherical CoSn{sub 2}/Sn alloy powders synthesized from oxides of Sn and Co via carbothermal reduction at 800 C were examined for use as anode materials in Li-ion battery. The phase composition and particle morphology of the CoSn{sub 2}/Sn alloy composite powders were investigated by XRD, SEM and TEM. The prepared CoSn{sub 2}/Sn alloy composite electrode exhibits a low initial irreversible capacity of ca. 140 mAh g{sup -1}, a high specific capacity of ca. 600 mAh g{sup -1} at constant current density of 50 mA g{sup -1}, and a good rate capability. The stable discharge capacities of 500-515 mAh g{sup -1} and the columbic efficiencies of 95.8-98.1% were obtained at current density of 500 mA g{sup -1}. The relatively large particle size of CoSn{sub 2}/Sn alloy composite powder is apparently favorable for the lowering of initial capacity loss of electrode, while the loose particle structural characteristic and the Co addition in Sn ...

2007-04-01

50

Multi-fragmentation

No abstract prepared.

1998-08-01

51

BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of carbon nanofiber-cobalt oxide composites

No abstract prepared.

2002-01-01

52

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of carbon nanofiber-cobalt oxide composites

Carbon nanofiber (CNF) supported cobalt oxide composites as high-capacity anode materials were prepared through a facile, effective method for potential use in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The effects of the calcining temperature on the crystallinity, grain size, specific surface area of Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} and phase transformation from Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} to CoO were studied in detail. Both the specific surface area and CNF content in CNF-cobalt oxide composites strongly affect the electrochemical performance of these series composites. The CNF-Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} composite with 24.3% CNF pyrolyzed at 500 deg. C in Ar shows an excellent cycling performance, retaining a specific capacity of 881 mAh g{sup -1} beyond 100 cycles. Homogeneous deposition and distribution of nanosized Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} particles on the surface of CNF can stabilize the electronic and ionic conductivity as well as the morphology of Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} phase, which may ...

2008-10-15

53

Nanostructured mesoporous materials for lithium-ion battery applications

Carbon nanofiber (CNF) supported cobalt oxide composites as high-capacity anode materials were prepared through a facile, effective method for potential use in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The effects of the calcining temperature on the crystallinity, grain size, specific surface area of Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} and phase transformation from Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} to CoO were studied in detail. Both the specific surface area and CNF content in CNF-cobalt oxide composites strongly affect the electrochemical performance of these series composites. The CNF-Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} composite with 24.3% CNF pyrolyzed at 500{sup o}C in Ar shows an excellent cycling performance, retaining a specific capacity of 881 mAh g{sup -1} beyond 100 cycles. Homogeneous deposition and distribution of nanosized Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} particles on the surface of CNF can stabilize the electronic and ionic conductivity as well as the morphology of Co{sub 3}O{sub 4} phase, which may ...

2008-10-15

54

Direct sub-nanometer scale electron microscopy analysis of anion incorporation to self-ordered anodic alumina layers

The Energy crisis happens to be one of the greatest challenges we are facing today. In this view, much effort has been made in developing new, cost effective, environmentally friendly energy conversion and storage devices. The performance of such devices is fundamentally related to material properties. Hence, innovative materials engineering is important in solving the energy crisis problem. One such innovation in materials engineering is porous materials for energy storage. Porous electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) offer a high degree of electrolyte-electrode wettability, thus enhancing the electrochemical activity within the material. Among the porous materials, mesoporous materials draw special attention, owing to shorter diffusion lengths for Li+ and electronic movement. Nanostructured mesoporous materials also offer better packing density compared to their nanostructured counterparts such as nanopowders, nanowires, nanotubes etc., thus opening a window for ...

2011-05-01

55

Development of transition metal semiconductors for photoelectrolysis of water. Final report

Research highlights: #-># Morphological and chemical characterization at atomic scale of porous alumina layers anodised in ordered regimes. #-># Characterization based on the use of FEG-SEM, STEM-HAADF, STEM-EELS and STEM-X-EDS. #-># Nanoscale distribution of P-, C- and S-bearing species in the pore wall. - Abstract: Ordered porous alumina layers prepared by two-step anodising in phosphoric, oxalic and sulphuric acids have been characterized at sub-nanometer scale using electron microscopy techniques. FEG-SEM and STEM-HAADF images allowed estimating the pore size, cell wall and pore wall thicknesses of the layers. Nanoanalytical characterization has been performed by STEM-EELS and STEM-X-EDS. Detailed features of the spatial distribution of anions in the pore wall of the films have been obtained. Maximum concentration of P-species occurs, approximately, at the middle of the pore wall; adjacent to the pore for C-species, whereas the distribution of ...

2010-11-01

56

Bond strength of electrochemically-aged arc-sprayed zinc coatings on concrete

This report discusses the development of transition metal oxide semiconductors for photoelectrolysis of water. More specifically, it involves preparation of TiO/sub 2/ films by sputtering and evaluating their physicochemical characteristics primarily as they relate to the behaviour of the films as photoanodes. Impedance, photoelectrochemical, and photoconduction properties of TiO/sub 2/ films sputtered in pure O/sub 2/ onto heated substrates have been determined as a function of O/sub 2/ pressure during sputtering, film thickness, Pt overcoating, and cathodic treatment. The capacitance data before cathodic treatment are of the form expected. The capacitance is essentially independent of potential, while for potentials increasingly cathodic of this value, the capacitance increases very rapidly. Cathodic treatment alters the impedance characteristics of the films but leads to either no detectible change in their photoelectrochemical properties or to an increase in ...

1981-03-27

57

Electrolysis of halide-containing solutions with platinum based amorphous metal alloy anodes

Research was conducted to determine the effect of electrochemical aging on large area arc-sprayed zinc anodes for cathodic protection of bridges and other reinforced concrete structures. The study focused on the influence of total charge passed and concrete surface preparation on the bonding of the zinc to the concrete. Half of the samples were preheated prior to being arc-sprayed with zinc. The preheated samples had initial bond strengths that were 80% higher than the unheated samples. This difference in bond strength became insignificant after the passage of approximately 200 kC/m{sup 2} (5.2 A-h/ft{sup 2}) and bond strengths for all samples started to decrease after approximately 600 kC/m{sup 2} (15.5 A-h/ft{sup 2}). These changes in bond strength were correlated with observed changes in the permeability of the zinc coating to water, the electrical behavior of the zinc-concrete interface, the charge transfer resistance, and the chemical ...

1996-11-01

58

Improved quadrant anode image sensor with microchannel plates

A process for the generation of halogens from halide-containing solutions includes the step of conducting electrolysis of the solutions in an electrolytic cell having a platinum based amorphous metal alloy anode.

1985-12-24

59

Handbook: Approaches for the Remediation of Federal Facility ...

We describe a position-sensitive event-counting microchannel plate detector with a quadrant anode readout system that combines the advantages of several centroid-finding readout techniques. The relative amount of charge collected by each quadrant of the anode mounted behind the output side of the microchannel plate is used to localize each event. The position-sensitive area is about 80% of the active microchannel plate surface. By changing a single voltage a remote-controlled image magnification can be achieved. Due to a correction function that minimizes image distortions the imaging characteristics of this low-cost readout system are similar to those of expensive resistive anodes.

1987-11-15

60

An improved quadrant anode image sensor with microchannel plates

... 4-4 UXO disposal operations ... testing of sequencing batch reactor treatment of ... and lead toward the anode compartment ..... ...

1993-09-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

61

An improved quadrant anode image sensor with microchannel plates

We describe a position-sensitive event-counting microchannel plate detector with a quadrant anode readout system that combines the advantages of several centroid-finding readout techniques. The relative amount of charge collected by each quadrant of the anode mounted behind the output side of the microchannel plate is used to localize each event. The position-sensitive area is about 80% of the active microchannel plate surface. By changing a single voltage a remote-controlled image magnification can be achieved. Due to a correction function that minimizes image distortions the imaging characteristics of this low-cost readout system are similar to those of expensive resistive anodes. (orig.).

1987-11-01

62

Abstracts by Mission Directorate - NASA

We describe a position-sensitive event-counting microchannel plate detector with a quadrant anode readout system that combines the advantages of several centroid-finding readout techniques. The relative amount of charge collected by each quadrant of the anode mounted behind the output side of the microchannel plate is used to localize each event. The position-sensitive area is about 80% of the active microchannel plate surface. By changing a single voltage a remote-controlled image magnification can be achieved. Due to a correction function that minimizes image distortions the imaging characteristics of this low-cost readout system are similar to those of expensive resistive anodes.

1987-11-01

63

A study on the anodic protection of titanium evaporators in Al[sub 2](SO[sub 4])[sub 3] solution

A new high capacity anode composite based on mesoporous silicon is proposed. By virtue of a structure that resembles a pseudo one-dimensional phase, ...

64

Transition of hydrated oxide layer for aluminum electrolytic capacitors

The feasibility of the anodic protection of titanium evaporators in Al[sub 2](SO[sub 4])[sub 3] solution was studied by the measurement of polarization curves, weight loss, solubility of passive film and AC impedance. The protection parameters and efficiency were determined. In addition, the practical technology of anodic protection was studied by screening reference electrodes and auxiliary cathodes. Throwing power was also measured. Four rows of tube-type evaporators of titanium have been anodically protected in situ. Field tests lasting more than one year shows satisfactory results. (orig.)

1993-07-01

65

Influence of temperature and velocity of 92% sulfuric acid on anodic behavior of stainless steels

A hydrous oxide film for the application as dielectric film is synthesized by immersion of pure aluminum in hot water. From a Rutherford backscattering analysis, the ratio of aluminum to oxygen atoms was found to be 3:2 in the anodized aluminum oxide film, and 2:1 in the hydrous oxide layer. Anodization of the hydrous oxide layer was more effective for the transition of amorphous anodic oxides to the crystalline aluminum oxides.

2007-03-25

66

Mathematical modeling of a primary zinc/air battery

This paper investigates the anodic behavior of steels 12Kh18N10T, 10Kh17N13M2T, 08Kh22N6T, and 08Kh21N6M2T in 92% sulfuric acid. The aim of the study was to determine the parameters for anodic protection of shell-and-tube coolers. Results of the study are presented.

1986-03-01

67

Tin-oxide-coated anodized aluminium selective absorber surfaces. Pt. 2. Aging and durability

This paper reports on the mathematical model developed by Sunu and Bennion that has been extended to include the separator, precipitation of both solid ZnO and K{sub 2}Zn(OH){sub 4}, and the air electrode, and has been used to investigate the behavior of a primary Zn-Air battery with respect to battery design features. Predictions obtained from the model indicate that anode material utilization is predominantly limited by depletion of the concentration of hydroxide ions. The effect of electrode thickness on anode material utilization is insignificant, whereas material loading per unit volume has a great effect on anode material utilization; a higher loading lowers both the anode material utilization and delivered capacity. Use of a thick separator will increase the anode material utilization, but may reduce the cell voltage.

1992-04-01

68

Anodic behaviour of Al-refractory metal amorphous alloys

Accelerated aging tests on tin-oxide-coated anodized aluminium selective absorber surfaces have been performed. It is shown that the tin oxide layer provides excellent protection for the anodized surface. The thermal stability of the double layer is equal to, or better than, the stability of the bare anodized surface. Both surfaces degrade very slowly at 450deg C. The anodic layer is porous and therefore not very scratch resistant and it degrades when exposed to humidity, both acidic and alcaline. It is shown that the tin oxide film, which is hard and chemically very stable, almost completely protects the anodized surface from chemical degradation. The mechanical wear resistance is also considerably improved. The optical selectivity does not quite match that of the the anodized surface, but the remarkable stability together with the solar parameters of ...

1991-03-01

69

The electrochemical performances of Ti-V-based hydrogen storage composite electrodes prepared by ball milling method

In order to understand the anodic behaviour of Al--Mo and Al--W amorphous alloys in the borate buffer electrolyte, samples of these alloys were polarized galvanostatically. The resultant anodic films were thicker than the passive films formed during potentiodynamic polarization enabling detailed examination of the films and alloy substrates by surface analytical methods. AES investigations suggest that the anodic films formed at low and moderate voltages on Al--Mo or Al--W amorphous alloys consist of Al-oxide, whereas refractory metals remain unoxidized and enriched at the film/substrate interface. Molybdenum and tungsten act as 'dissolution moderators', restraining the substrate dissolution process at the film/substrate interface. However, after anodization at high voltages (50 V), AES revealed the presence of an oxidized refractory metal in the inner part of the ...

1999-07-31

70

Preparing the works for the St-Genis roundabout.

In order to overcome the inherent disadvantages of Ti-V-based hydrogen storage alloys, such as poor activation behavior and low high-rate dischargeability, the novel composites Ti{sub 0.17}Zr{sub 0.08}V{sub 0.35}Cr{sub 0.1}Ni{sub 0.3}-x wt.% La{sub 0.7}Mg{sub 0.3}Ni{sub 2.75}Co{sub 0.75} (x = 0, 5, 10 and 20) were successfully synthesized by ball milling method in the present study. And the structure and overall electrochemical properties of as-prepared composites are investigated systemically. The electrochemical studies show that the maximum discharge capacity of the composite electrodes displays no variation with the increase of La{sub 0.7}Mg{sub 0.3}Ni{sub 2.75}Co{sub 0.75} content, whereas the high-rate dischargeability (HRD) and the activation behavior are distinctly improved with increasing x. The electrochemical hydrogen kinetics of composite electrodes is also studied by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarization (LP), ...

2008-12-15

71

Waste to energy technologies.

Preparing the works for the St-Genis roundabout.

1999-01-01

72

Temperature of exploding nuclei

No abstract prepared.

2010-04-01

73

No abstract prepared

1999-10-01

74

Status report ANKE

Pionic fusion on the deuteron

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

75

Nano technology and radiotracers

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

76

NEUTRINOS, PAST AND PRESENT.

No abstract prepared.

2008-10-15

77

Human cornea glycosaminoglycans

No abstract prepared.

2002-10-11

78

Preparation of micron-sized Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} and its electrochemistry in polyacrylonitrile electrolyte-based lithium cells

No abstract prepared.

1997-07-01

79

Magnetic separation of antibiotics by electrochemical magnetic seeding

Micron-sized Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} was prepared in a single-step solid-state reaction involving TiO{sub 2} and Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}, and its electrochemical behavior was evaluated in Li and Li-ion cells containing a polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based solid polymer electrolyte. The usefulness of Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} was demonstrated for three distinctive applications: (1) cathode of a 1.5 V rechargeable Li battery, (2) auxiliary electrode for investigating the electrochemistry of Li insertion cathode materials, and (3) anode of a Li-ion cell in conjunction with a high voltage cathode, e.g., cubic spinel LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4}. The micron-sized Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} exhibited a capacity of 160 mAh/g at C/20--C/30 rates which about 7% better than the capacity exhibited by this material prepared according to a previously published procedure. More importantly, the micron-sized oxide showed significantly better high rate ...

1998-08-01

80

Ion nitriding of Armco iron in various glow discharge regions

Magnetic separation of several classes of antibiotics was investigated using electrochemical magnetic seeding. Electrocoagulation with a sacrificial anode followed by addition of magnetite particles was applied for the magnetic seeding of antibiotics. With electrochemical magnetic seeding using an iron anode, tetracycline antibiotics (oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline and tetracycline) and cephalosporin antibiotic (cefdinir) were rapidly removed from synthetic wastewater by magnetic separation using a neodymium magnet. Iron and aluminium anodes were suitable for magnetic seeding of the antibiotics. The results indicated that the ability of antibiotics to form strong complex with iron and aluminium allowed the higher removal by magnetic separation. This method would be appropriate for rapid treatment of antibiotics in wastewater.

2009-03-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

81

High capacity anode materials for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries

This paper presents the first results of a study of plasma nitriding in various regions of a d.c. glow discharge, i.e. on the cathode, on the anode, and on a substrate isolated from the cathode and anode (at plasma potential). The results obtained reveal differences in the growth kinetics and surface morphology of the nitriding layers, depending on the region where the nitriding process took place. The aim of this work was to study the role of low temperature plasma in the plasma nitriding process. The processes were carried out in an apparatus for plasma treatment with a hot anode. (orig.)

1993-10-01

82

Galvanic element with suspended electrode. Galvanisches Element mit suspendierter Elektrode

Electrochemical techniques have been used to study the reversible insertion of sodium into hard-carbon host structures at room temperature. In this paper the authors compare these results with those for lithium insertion in the same materials and demonstrate the presence of similar alkali metal insertion mechanisms in both cases. Despite the gravimetric capacities being lower for sodium than lithium insertion, the authors achieved a reversible sodium capacity of 300 mAh/g, close to that for lithium insertion in graphitic carbon anode materials. Such materials may therefore be useful as anodes in rechargeable sodium-ion batteries.

2000-04-01

83

Some aspects of concentrated sulphuric acid storage tank corrosion

A zinc/air battery is claimed whose performance is improved by omitting separating elements such as diaphragms etc. The cathode and anode spaces are separated by a collector with holes big enough to permit the electrons to pass freely while restraining the anode material. Further, the active material consists of a spherical care of inert material with a zinc coating. Under the zinc coating, the spherical particles have another thin coating of an electropositive material, e.g. nickel. The cell also contains means for circulating the anode suspension.

1984-08-09

84

SECOND QUARTERLY REPORT DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY - NASA Technical ...

Carbon steel is frequently used to construct concentrated sulphuric acid storage tanks. This paper discussed the corrosion performance of carbon steel tanks and outlined the underlying mechanisms responsible for major corrosion modes. Analyses of hydrogen grooving and dilute acid corrosion failure mechanisms were presented. Recent corrosion-induced leak failures were also discussed. The use of anodic protection and organic coatings as a corrosion control measure was also evaluated. The results of laboratory studies that were conducted to understand corrosion-induced failures showed that carbon steel electrodes exhibited transpassive corrosion at relatively high anodic potentials, while stainless steel electrodes exhibited transpassive corrosion at anodic potentials less than 1 V. It was concluded that corrosion-induced leaks can be prevented by using anodic protection and baked phenolic coating ...

2009-07-01

85

One-step synthesis of Pt-supported carbon nanohorns for fuel cell electrode by arc plasma in liquid nitrogen

cellulose casing material made by Food Products Division,. Union Carbide Corporation. tion of the anode from oxygen generated at the charging electrode. ...

86

Modelling the effects of measured anode triple-phase boundary densities on the performance of micro-tubular hollow fiber SOFCs

One-step synthesis of Pt-loaded carbon nanoparticles including single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) by arc plasma in liquid nitrogen was demonstrated using Pt-contained graphite anode. The size distribution of Pt particles can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of Pt in the graphite anode. In the observation by transmission electron microscope, the diameter of less than 5 nm of Pt particles were observed as approximately 90% among the Pt particles when Pt was contained in the anode at 1.3 at.%. When Pt concentration in the anode was decreased to 0.4 at.%, the percentage of Pt particles whose diameter is less than 5 nm decreased to approximately 60%. It was verified that the as-grown Pt-loaded products produced by this method can be useful for the power generation by polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

2006-10-10

87

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The percolated or active triple phase boundary (TPB) length per unit volume of Ni-YSZ anode hollow fibers (HFs) containing 60wt.% initial NiO and a spatially varying microstructure were measured using a focused ion beam (FIB)-SEM technique. The measured values of contiguous TPB density were interfaced with a 2-D distributed finite element model of a hollow fiber solid oxide fuel cell. The model was applied to simultaneously solve the ionic and electronic charge balances in the electrodes, which were modelled as overlying continuum materials with effective electronic and ionic conductivities. The model was used to predict the effects of anode microstructure on the distribution of current density, and anode activation polarization. Active TPB lengths of 2.63-8.63 m^-^2 were measured for the ...

2011-01-01

88

Investigation and modeling of anodic protection of heat exchangers of steel-Kh18N10T

Hydrogen induced damage in pickled and anodized Ti--6Al--4V alloy surfaces

Russian (Mar 1977). USSR Makarov, VA Zarubin, PI Mironov, Yu.M.

89

General Disclaimer One or more of the Following Statements may ...

(Sep 1974). United States Das, KB Marceau, JA Boeing Co., Seattle

90

Anodic protection of steel-Kh18N10T and steel-Kh13N12M3T in sulfuric acid

1 The Elemental Fuel Cell Model. The cell reactions are also illustrated in. Figure 1. Hydrogen is oxidized at the anode. Oxy- ...

91

Anodic protection of 304L stainless steel in highly concentrated solutions of nitrates and chromates

Russian (Jan 1976). USSR Mironov, Yu.M. Makarov, VA Nauchno-

92

Anode length optimization in a modified plasma focus device for optimal x-ray yields

Jun 1978. p. 107-108. Israel Ben-Haim, M. Rabinovitz, E. IA--1348. Available

1978-06-01

93

Formation and capacitance of Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin film on aluminum foil by sol-gel process; Zoru-geru ho niyoru aruminiumuhakujo eno Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} hakumaku no sakusei to yoryotokusei

The effect of anode length and operating gas pressure on the x-ray emission from a nitrogen-filling modified plasma focus device has been investigated. The time-resolved investigation of x ray was carried out by using a five-channel photodiode x-ray spectrometer. The maximum x-ray yield is seen to increase with the increase in the anode length from 110 to 125 mm. Further increase in the anode length to 130 mm causes the x-ray yields to decrease. The highest x-ray yield of 4.5 J into 4#pi# sr was found for 125 mm anode length, which is 0.2% of the input energy. The average x-ray photon energy was estimated by using half-value thickness method and found to be 8.4 keV. The electron temperature of the plasma was estimated to be around 3 keV by x-ray intensity ratio method. The space-resolved x-ray-emitting zones for all the anodes were captured by a pinhole-based x-ray imaging camera ...

2006-01-01

94

The role of plasma potential in d.c. glow discharge conditions in nitriding process of EJ961 steel

Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films were formed on aluminum foils by a sol-gel process in order to increase the capacitance of the aluminum foils which are used as aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Investigations focussed on the preparation and characterization of the coating solution, the formation of Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films on aluminum foils, and the heat treatment and anodization of the films. The phase transition and electrical properties, such as capacitance, leakage current, and withstand voltage of the Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films were also measured. The Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films annealed at temperatures below 550 degree C were found to be amorphous, but they were crystallized to the orthorhombic phase by annealing at temperatures higher than 580 degree C. The capacitance of the coated samples increased with an increase in the thickness of the formed Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films, but an increase in leakage current and a decrease in ...

1999-12-01

95

Single-crystalline cadmium telluride anodic oxidation kinetics

Results of researches on nitriding process of EJ961 steel are presented in this work. This steel was subjected to nitriding both on the cathode and on the isolated from cathode and anode substrate, that is at so called potential of glow discharged plasma. Nitriding processes were performed using device for glow discharge treatments with cooled anode. (author)

2002-09-18

96

Electrochemical oxidation of drug residues in water by the example of tetracycline, gentamicin and Aspirin {sup trademark}

The authors have determined quantitative characteristics for oxide films forming on (111) surfaces of cadmium telluride single crystals on anodic oxidation in 0.1 M KOH: the constants in the Guenterschulze-Betz equation and the film growth constant, which is 2.4 nm/V, from which the activation energy for cadmium telluride electrooxidation has been calculated.

1988-10-10

97

Anodic protection: theory and practice in the prevention of corrosion

The electrochemical oxidation as a method to destroy drug residues like Aspirin {sup trademark}, tetracycline or gentamicin in water was investigated with C-Anode (modified by manganese oxides) and Pt Anode. The mechanism of Aspirin {sup trademark} and tetracycline oxidation and the influence of the biocide effect was observed using GC-MS and three different microbiological tests. In general the biological availability increases with progressive oxidation of the antibiotics. (orig.)

2003-07-01

98

Anode wire ageing in proportional detectors at the BAC calorimeter of the ZEUS experiment

Theoretical and practical aspects of anodic protection for control of corrosion by a wide range of acidic and alkaline solutions are discussed. Chapters are included concerning strategic importance of metals and alloys in modern industry, applications to industrial equipment, descriptions of equipment used in the technique; design, operation and maintenance; economics, scientific principles, characteristics of potentiostats, laboratory tests and procedures, selected application examples and projected future uses. A section is devoted to electrochemical principles.

1981-01-01

99

A large-acceptance Bragg curve spectrometer with a longitudinal electric field and a segmented anode

Experimental results of ageing effects in proportional counters are presented. The measurements were carried out for 158 ZEUS-BAC gas system monitoring counters. Deterioration of the pulse height distribution in azimuth and along the anode wire are presented. The influence of water admixture on counting gas is also described. (orig.).

1997-06-21

100

Anode Front-End Electronics for the Cathode Strip Chambers of the CMS Endcap Muon Detector

A large-acceptance Bragg curve spectrometer with a longitudinal electron collection field and a segmented anode has been constructed and tested. The effects on the charge resolution of the entrance angle and entrance position of the incident particle have been studied. Simulations have been done in order to isolate the contribution to the overall detector performance of the signal-shaping electronics from that of the intrinsic design of the detector. ((orig.))

1994-07-15

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

101

A novel approach to exploit LiFePO{sub 4} compound as an ambient temperature high capacity anode material for rechargeable lithium batteries

The front-end electronics system for the anode signals of the CMS Endcap Muon cathode strip chambers has about 183000 channels. The purposes of the anode front-end electronics are to acquire precise muon timing information for bunch crossing number identification at the Level-1 muon trigger system and to provide a coarse radial position of the muon track. Each anode channel consists of an input protection network, amplifier, shaper, constant-fraction discriminator, and a programmable delay. The essential parts of the electronics include a 16-channel amplifier-shaper-discriminator ASIC CMP16 and a 16-channel ASIC D16G providing programmable time delay. The ASIC CMP16 was optimized for the large cathode chamber size (up to 3 x 2.5 m2) and for the large input capacitance (up to 200 pf). The ASIC combines low power consumption (30 mW/channel) with good time resolution (2 - 3 ns). The del ay ASIC D16G makes possible the ...

2005-01-01

102

{sigma}-Hyperon production at COSY-TOF

An ever first attempt has been made to investigate the possible anode performance characteristics of LiFePO{sub 4}, popularly known so far as an environmentally compatible and economically viable lithium battery cathode material. The compound LiFePO{sub 4} has been synthesized via solid state method and explored for the first time as an anode material against lithium metal through the present study. Surprisingly, an initial capacity of circa 620 mAh/g has been exhibited by LiFePO{sub 4} anode, which is about 4-5 times higher than the capacity of the corresponding LiFePO{sub 4} cathodes. Also an excellent coulombic efficiency value of 99% has been shown by the compound, especially upon extended cycling. The extraordinarily higher specific capacity values of LiFePO{sub 4} anodes may be exploited suitably for practical lithium battery applications.

2004-11-01

103

{lambda}-Hyperon production at COSY-TOF

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

104

Tracing cosmic star formation with EXIST

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

105

The TofRoot project - status and perspectives

No abstract prepared.

2004-01-01

106

THE STAR TIME PROJECTION CHAMBER.

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

107

Summary of COSY-13 results

No abstract prepared.

1999-05-10

108

Simulation of neutron detector efficiencies

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

109

Server Complexity, A Model for Managing Resources

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

110

Self-neutralized Ion Implantation into Insulators

No abstract prepared.

1999-12-01

111

Safe landing; Sicher landen

No abstract prepared.

1996-11-01

112

Reliability analysis of pipe whip impacts.

No abstract prepared.

2003-05-01

113

Reaction of ions in radiation chemistry

No abstract prepared.

2005-08-01

114

Quark-Hadron Duality in Mesons Electroproduction

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

115

Proteome analysis of castor bean seeds

No abstract prepared.

2007-08-01

116

Production of {omega}-mesons at COSY-11

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

117

Predictive capability maturity model.

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

118

Predictive capability maturity model (PCMM).

No abstract prepared.

2006-03-01

119

PGA of boron- and hydrogen-bearing minerals

No abstract prepared.

2007-01-01

120

Oxygen enrichment of blast in cupola furnace

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

121

Nuclear physics with a free electron laser

No abstract prepared.

2007-07-01

122

Natural analogue study of Oklo

No abstract prepared.

2002-07-01

123

NETWORK TRAFFIC CHARACTERIZATION OF TCP

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

124

Molecular portraits of human breast tumours

No abstract prepared.

2000-06-01

125

Methodologies for multiphase reacting flow simulation.

No abstract prepared.

2000-08-01

126

Mechanoluminescence of g-irradiated salt

No abstract prepared.

1997-01-01

127

Measurement of longitudinal distribution of electron beam

No abstract prepared.

2002-07-01

128

LOUISIANA COASTAL WETLANDS MODELING

No abstract prepared.

2001-07-01

129

No abstract prepared.

1999-12-01

130

LCLS XTOD Fixed Mask

Is there a role for financial investors in carbon markets?

No abstract prepared.

2006-10-11

131

Irradiation effects on electronic functional materials

No abstract prepared.

2009-07-01

132

Investigation of Hypergolic Fuels with Hydrogen Peroxide

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

133

Integrated chip-scale THz technology.

No abstract prepared.

2000-11-15

134

Identification of deuterons with high momenta at ANKE

No abstract prepared.

2009-11-01

135

Heavy-ion RBE and microdosimetric spectra

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

136

Handheld trace explosives detector.

No abstract prepared.

2000-09-01

137

Glycosaminoglycan synthesis by human corneal explants

No abstract prepared.

2006-11-01

138

Equivalence classes for gauge theories

No abstract prepared.

1998-07-01

139

Engineering Annual Summary 2003

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

140

Emerging laboratory biosecurity issues.

No abstract prepared.

2004-07-21

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

141

Direct measurement of flow in fractures.

No abstract prepared.

2005-04-01

142

Data-model integration is not magic

No abstract prepared.

2004-06-01

143

Data and facts; Daten und Fakten

No abstract prepared.

2005-03-01

144

Atmospheric Processing Platform (Presentation)

No abstract prepared.

2008-03-15

145

Accelerator parameters for gamma gamma colliders

No abstract prepared.

2008-04-01

146

A study of neutron transmutation doped germanium

No abstract prepared.

1995-02-01

147

A Software Quality Engineering Maturity Model

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

148

2004 RERTR International Proceedings

No abstract prepared.

2009-05-08

149

Light-weight free-standing carbon nanotube-silicon films for anodes of lithium ion batteries.

No abstract prepared.

2004-11-07

150

Reborn quadrant anode image sensor

Silicon is an attractive alloy-type anode material because of its highest known capacity (4200 mAh/g). However, lithium insertion into and extraction from silicon are accompanied by a huge volume change, up to 300%, which induces a strong strain on silicon and causes pulverization and rapid capacity fading due to the loss of the electrical contact between part of silicon and current collector. Si nanostructures such as nanowires, which are chemically and electrically bonded to the current collector, can overcome the pulverization problem, however, the heavy metal current collectors in these systems are larger in weight than Si active material. Herein we report a novel anode structure free of heavy metal current collectors by integrating a flexible, conductive carbon nanotube (CNT) network into a Si anode. The composite film is free-standing and has a structure similar to the steel bar reinforced concrete, where the ...

2010-07-27

151

Reborn quadrant anode image sensor

We describe a position sensitive photon counting microchannel plate based detector with an improved quadrant anode (QA) readout system. The technique relies on a combination of the four planar elements pattern and an additional fifth electrode. The charge cloud induced by single particle detection is split between the electrodes. The measured charge values uniquely define the position of the initial event. QA has been first published in 1976 by Lampton and Malina. This anode configuration was undeservedly forgotten and its potential has been hardly underestimated. The presented approach extends the operating spatial range to the whole sensitive area of the microchannel plate surface and demonstrates good linearity over the field of view. Therefore, the novel image sensor results in spatial resolution better then 50?m and count rates up to one million events per second.

2009-06-01

152

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We describe a position sensitive photon counting microchannel plate based detector with an improved quadrant anode (QA) readout system. The technique relies on a combination of the four planar elements pattern and an additional fifth electrode. The charge cloud induced by single particle detection is split between the electrodes. The measured charge values uniquely define the position of the initial event. QA has been first published in 1976 by Lampton and Malina. This anode configuration was undeservedly forgotten and its potential has been hardly underestimated. The presented approach extends the operating spatial range to the whole sensitive area of the microchannel plate surface and demonstrates good linearity over the field of view. Therefore, the novel image sensor results in spatial...

2009-01-01

153

Raney-platinum film electrodes for potentially implantable glucose fuel cells. Part 1: Nickel-free glucose oxidation anodes

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We present a novel fabrication route yielding Raney-platinum film electrodes intended as glucose oxidation anodes for potentially implantable fuel cells. Fabrication roots on thermal alloying of an extractable metal with bulk platinum at 200^oC for 48h. In contrast to earlier works using carcinogenic nickel, we employ zinc as potentially biocompatible alloying partner. Microstructure analysis indicates that after removal of extractable zinc the porous Raney-platinum film (roughness factor ~2700) consists predominantly of the Pt3Zn phase. Release of zinc during electrode operation can be expected to have no significant effect on physiological normal levels in blood and serum, which promises good biocompatibility. In contrast to previous anodes based on hydrogel-bound catalyst particles the ...

2010-01-01

154

Quadrant anode image sensor

Quadrant anode image sensor

A position-sensitive event-counting electronic readout system for microchannel plates (MCPs) is described that offers the advantages of high spatial resolution and fast time resolution. The technique relies upon a four-quadrant electron-collecting anode located behind the output face of the microchannel plate, so that the electron cloud from each detected event is partly intercepted by each of the four quadrants. The relative amounts of charge collected by each quadrant depend on event position, permitting each event to be localized with two ratio circuits. A prototype quadrant anode system for ion, electron, and extreme ultraviolet imaging is described. The spatial resolution achieved, approx. =10 ..mu.., allows individual MCP channels to be distinguished. (AIP)

1976-11-01

155

Electrochemistry Modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production

A position-sensitive event-counting electronic readout system for microchannel plates (MCPs) is described that offers the advantages of high spatial resolution and fast time resolution. The technique relies upon a four-quadrant electron-collecting anode located behind the output face of the microchannel plate, so that the electron cloud from each detected event is partly intercepted by each of the four quadrants. The relative amounts of charge collected by each quadrant depend on event position, permitting each event to be localized with two ratio circuits. A prototype quadrant anode system for ion, electron, and extreme ultraviolet imaging is described. The spatial resolution achieved, approx. =10 #mu#, allows individual MCP channels to be distinguished.

9472-01-01

156

Electrochemical and ellipsometric investigations of Passive Films formed on iron in borate solutions: the kinetics of film growth on iron at constant anodic potentials

An electrochemistry model was developed to analyse the J-V characteristics of a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer for hydrogen production. The Butler-Volmer equation and water transport characteristics through electrolyte membrane were employed to simulate the electrode activation over-potential and membrane ohmic over-potential, respectively. The modeling results are found to agree reasonably well with experimental data published in the literature. The parametric simulations show that the ohmic over-potential is relatively small with typical water content in the membrane. Compared with the cathode over-potential, the anode over-potential is more significant and constitutes the major source of voltage loss. The high anode over-potential is due to the relatively slow oxidation kinetics, which is related to anode material property and microstructure. This model can be integrated with a photovoltaic or wind ...

2006-06-13

157

Concentration profiles of passive films formed on niobium metal and niobium-base alloys by Auger electron spectrometry

The kinetics of passive film formation on iron in borate buffer solution has been studied at different anodic potentials. The process of film growth has been found to occur in four distinct stages. About 80-90% of the total film thickness formed in 1h grows during the initial two stages which last for only 1-3s (depending upon potential). The electric field strength across the film is not constant but decreases with progressing film growth. The thickness of the film determined ellipsometrically is less than that calculated from the electric charge consumed. The process of anodic film formation is accompanied by the dissolution of iron which occurs over the whole range of potentials.

1984-02-01

158

Anodic corrosion protection of sulphuric acid plants with regard to the recovery of heat

Concentration profiles of passive films formed on electrolytically anodized niobium and niobium-base alloys are obtained by Auger Electron Spectroscopy with simultaneous ion beam etching. The alloys investigated include 5Zr-Nb, 3Zr-10Ti-Nb, 2.5Zr-2W-Nb, and 1Zr-5Mo-5V-Nb. Experiments demonstrate that AES is among the most fascinating techniques for solving various characterization problems related to the structure and composition of the thin films formed by anodization. Data presented supports evidence that combined anodic and cathodic movements take place during film growth. 11 figures.

1976-01-01

159

VEHICLE OPERATION PLAN PREPARATION INFORMATION, RECORDING MEDIUM, AND VEHICLE OPERATION PLAN PREPARATION DEVICE

Anodic protection makes it possible to keep materials which can be passivated in a 'passive' state or to bring them into this state, even in unfavourable conditions. With sulphuric acid concentrations of 93-99% this method permits the use of inexpensive, stainless austenitic steels, e.g. 1.4541 and 1.4591, at temperatures of up to 160/sup 0/C. The temperature range from 120/sup 0/C, in particular, is suitable for heat recovery. Anodic protection by the APR-system provides safe and low-cost protection for air coolers and bare tube coolers in sulphuric acid plants. The results of laboratory, pilot plant and commercial trials show that in this way a safe operation of sulphuric acid coolers is possible on a long-term basis.

1982-05-01

160

J-STORE (Japan)

Full Text Available

2007-11-22

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

161

Secondary fuel for power generation - preparation, technology, cost; Sekundaerbrennstoff zur energetischen Verwertung - Aufbereitung, Technik, Kosten

PLZT Ceramics Prepared from Conventional and Microwave Hydrothermal Powders

No abstract prepared.

2001-07-01

162

Impact of focussed ion beam (FIB) preparation on the potential structure of silicon semiconductors

PLZT Ceramics Prepared from Conventional and Microwave Hydrothermal Powders

1999-01-01

163

A study on the development of hypo-stoichiometric Zr-based hydrogen storage alloys with ultra-high capacity for anode material of Ni/MH secondary battery

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

164

Synthesis and characterization of MnV{sub 2}O{sub 6} as a high capacity anode material for a lithium secondary battery

Some hypo-stoichiometric Zr-based Laves phase alloys were prepared and studied from a viewpoint of discharge capacity for electrochemical application. After careful alloy design of ZrMn{sub 2}-based hydrogen storage alloys through changing their stoichiometry while substituting or adding some alloying elements, the Zr(Mn{sub 0.2}V{sub 0.2}Ni{sub 0.6}){sub 1.8} alloy reveals relatively good properties with regard to hydrogen storage capacity, hydrogen equilibrium pressure and electrochemical discharge capacity. In order to improve the discharge capacity and rate-capability, Zr is partially replaced by Ti. The discharge capacity of Zr{sub 1-x}Ti{sub x}(Mn{sub 0.2}V{sub 0.2}Ni{sub 0.6}){sub 1.8} (x=0.0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6) alloy electrodes at 30 C reaches a maximum value and decreases as the Ti fraction increases. In view of electrochemical and thermodynamic characteristics, the occurrence of a maximal phenomenon of the electrochemical discharge capacity of the alloy ...

2000-08-10

165

Solid-state lithium battery with graphite anode

Crystalline MnV{sub 2}O{sub 6} has been synthesized by a polymer gellation method and investigated for its physical and electrochemical properties as an anode material for Li secondary battery. The physical characterization was carried out by thermal analysis (TG/DTA), FT-IR and SEM. Structural analysis by powder XRD and spectroscopic analysis by XANES showed that the synthesized compound is MnV{sub 2}O{sub 6} with brannerite structure. The Li insertion of MnV{sub 2}O{sub 6} anode during the first charge showed a large capacity of about 1400 mAh/g, accompanied by irreversible structural transformation into amorphous material. Despite its structural transformation to amorphous during the first lithiation, subsequent cycles showed a capacity of about 800 mAh/g. This paper presents the advantage of this material over existing anode material and discusses the mechanism underlying the electrode process.

2001-01-02

166

Relation of the One-Phase Stefan Problem to the Seepage of Liquids and Electrochemical Machining.

Solid-state lithium batteries with a unique construction are reported in this paper. These batteries contain two kinds of lithium ion-conductive solid electrolytes, LiI-Li{sub 2}S-P{sub 2}S{sub 5} glass contacted with the anode material and Li{sub 3}PO{sub 4}-Li{sub 2}S-SiS{sub 2} glass or Li{sub 2}S-GeS{sub 2}-P{sub 2}S{sub 5} crystalline material contacted with the cathode. The former electrolyte was selected as that stable to electrochemical reduction, and the latter two to oxidation. This construction made it possible to use graphite as the anode and LiCoO{sub 2} as the cathode in the solid-state lithium battery. The energy density of the battery is 390 W h{center_dot}l{sup -1} and 160 W h{center_dot}kg{sup -1} per total volume and weight of the cathode and anode layers, respectively, which are comparable to those of commercialized Li-ion batteries.

2003-03-01

167

Photocorrosion of passive films on titanium in sulfuric acid

The flow of water through a dam of fairly arbitrary shape is examined in the limit of large frictional drag on the flow. The relation of the problem to the one-phase Stefan problem and a problem of anodic smoothing is explored. Monotonicity and uniqueness...

1979-01-01

168

MAGIC - Multi Anode Gas Ionization Chamber

Passive films formed anodically on titanium (Ti) plates in 0.5 M sulfuric acid were corroded in aqueous solutions of H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} in the dark and under illumination of a 250-W mercury lamp. The corrosion depth was determined by calculating the thickness of the oxide layers from interference patterns of reflection spectra in the visible region. Corrosion was observed at pH {le} 3, with the corrosion rate increasing exponentially with decreasing pH and achieving a maximum value at pH {approximately} 1. Photocorrosion generally was quicker than corrosion occurring in the dark in all cases (i.e., open-circuit, short-circuit, bias conditions) and increased under anodic polarization of the oxide electrode together with the photocurrent. Corrosion occurring in the dark decreased very weakly under anodic polarization. Long-term corrosion experiments indicated the initial corrosion rate for a thick anodic ...

1995-03-01

169

Electrolyte for high voltage Li/LiMn{sub 1.9}Co{sub 0.1}O{sub 4} cells

A novel approach to the Bragg curve spectroscopy is utilized to construct a charged particle detector which makes fragment elemental identification and energy measurement possible. The advantage of the construction includes good timing and spectroscopic properties with a very low energy threshold. ((orig.))

1994-12-01

170

Electrochemical Processes : Lecture Notes for a course in Applied Inorganic Chemistry

An electrolyte for high voltage lithium metal anode cells must simultaneously satisfy at least the following requirements; (i) high cycling efficiency on the lithium metal anode; (ii) higher oxidation potential than the charging voltage, and (iii) high specific conductivity. We have examined various electrolytes for lithium metal anode cells using a high voltage cathode, LiMn{sub 1.9}Co{sub 0.1}O{sub 4}. Of the electrolytes resistant to high voltage that we used, a system containing 60 to 90 vol.% of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) mixed with ethylene carbonate (EC) and 1.0 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF{sub 6}) provided the best cycling efficiency on a lithium metal anode, as well as a high specific conductivity around 10 mS cm{sup -1} at 20 C. (orig.)

1997-10-01

171

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

The notes describe in detail primary and secondary galvanic cells, fuel cells, electrochemical synthesis and electroplating processes, corrosion: measurments, inhibitors, cathodic and anodic protection, details of metal dissolution reactions, Pourbaix diagrams and purification of waste water from galvanic industries.

1997-01-01

172

Cellulose as a binding material in graphitic anodes for Li ion batteries: a performance and degradation study

Batteries. Lithium batteries; Accumulateurs. Accumulateurs au lithium

Four types of cellulose, in particular carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), are tested as potential binding materials in graphitic anodes for lithium ion batteries. It is shown that a minimum content of a cellulose which gives acceptable anode properties (reversible capacity > 300 mA hg{sup -1} during the first 10 cycles, irreversible loss < 20%) is about 2 wt.%, which is less than in the case of conventional polymeric binders (5-10 wt.%). Kinetics of insertion-deinsertion and passivation processes seem not to be affected by the presence of cellulose. Explanation for the electrode failure at cellulose contents lower than 1 wt.% is given based on X-ray diffraction and microscopy investigations. Finally, the structure (distribution) of cellulose in the composite anode material is discussed and (indirectly) checked with a series of experiments. Most results are compared with the corresponding results obtained either ...

2003-02-20

173

Anodic Protection performance of Steels ASTM A 516-60 And JIS G 3131 SPHC In Concentrated Sulfuric Acid

Lithium, with its strong reducing property and very low potential (-3.045 V/ENH), is one of the best material for electrodes. By combining lithium with an oxidizer, one can obtain an energy and electromotive force higher than with any other electrochemical couple. The density of lithium is low (0.534 g/cm{sup 3}) and thus, its specific capacity is higher than other classical anode materials. This article presents the technology of lithium batteries: 1 - presentation; 2 - negative electrodes: metallic lithium based, lithiated carbon based, transition metal compounds based negative electrodes; 3 - positive electrodes: 'low' voltage and 'high' voltage cathode materials; 4 - electrolytes: introduction, organic solvents and lithium salts-based electrolytes (case of the lithium anode battery, case of the lithium-ion battery), polymer electrolytes; 5 - metallic lithium anode and liquid ...

2005-10-01

174

The application of platinum-silicide anode layer to decrease the static and turn-off losses in high-power P-i-N diode

One of the methods to protect a carbon steel material from corrosion attack of sulfuric acid environment is with anodic protection. This research was intended to investigate the effect of anodic protection quickened with potential polarization, The material under investigation were ASTM A 516 and JIS G 3131-SPHC in highly concentrated H_2SO_4 solution. The results showed that potential that was effective for anodic protection in ASTM A 516-60 were at 236-436 mV for 75%, 276-476 mV for 80%, 264-514 mV for 85%,285-485 mV for 90%, and 231-431 mV for 97% H_2SO_4 so that in JlS G 3131-SPHC were at 303 -503 mV for 75%, 290-490 mV for 80%, 269- 516 mV for 85%, 264-514 mV for 90%, and 287 -487 mV for 97% H_2SO_4.

2001-06-01

175

Solid state alkali metal-halogen cell

The platinum-silicide layer was investigated as the anode contact of a high-power P-i-N diode. The thermal stability at 700 deg. C was found sufficient for the purpose of Pt in-diffusion from the platinum-silicide layer into the volume. The diffusion, which was controlled using the radiation defects resulting from the 10 MeV alpha particle irradiation, represents a new local lifetime control in the float zone silicon with very low-leakage current, while keeping the benefits of traditional approaches.

2003-06-02

176

Results from a Bragg Curve Spectrometer

A solid electrolyte cell comprises an alkali metal anode, e.g. lithium, a halogen-containing organic polymer cathode and a solid elecrolyte between the anode and the cathode. The cathode comprises iodine-containing vacuum-cyclised polyacrylonitrile, and the solid electrolyte is preferably lithium iodide and halogen-free vacuum-cyclised polyacrylonitrile. This patent also discloses the use of isotactic polyacrylonitrile, a method of making a cathode comprising iodine-containing vacuum-cyclised polyacrylonitrile, and novel methods of making the solid elecrolyte cells described.

1988-04-26

177

Results from a Bragg Curve Spectrometer

The Bragg Curve Spectrometer (BCS) is an ionization chamber long enough to stop particles of interest. Particles enter through the cathode window and leave an ionization track parallel to the electric field. The ionization electrons drift through a Frisch grid and are collected on an anode. The anode current, as a function of time, is split and used as input for two amplifiers, one with a long integration time constant for energy measurement, and one with a short time constant to pick off the maximum ionization or Bragg peak. The Bragg peak, which is proportional to the nuclear charge, is used for particle identification. We have constructed and tested several versions of the BCS. The results are described.

1984-01-01

178

Regenerative zinc/air and zinc/ferricyanide batteries for stationary power applications

The Bragg Curve Spectrometer (BCS) is an ionization chamber long enough to stop particles of interest. Particles enter through the cathode window and leave an ionization track parallel to the electric field. The ionization electrons drift through a Frisch grid and are collected on an anode. The anode current, as a function of time, is split and used as input for two amplifiers, one with a long integration time constant for energy measurement, and one with a short time constant to pick off the maximum ionization or Bragg peak. The Bragg peak, which is proportional to the nuclear charge, is used for particle identification. We have constructed and tested several versions of the BCS. The results are described.

1984-10-22

179

Cross-stacked carbon nanotube sheets uniformly loaded with SnO{sub 2} nanoparticles: a novel binder-free and high-capacity anode material for lithium-ion batteries

The authors report a novel configuration for a zinc-particle, packed-bed anode in which an open structure of high hydraulic permeability is maintained indefinitely in a cell with closely spaced walls by the formation of particle bridges and associated gaps. The configuration minimizes electrolyte pumping costs, allows rapid refueling and partial recharge, and provides for 100% zinc consumption. This approach benefits zinc/air fuel batteries by allowing nearly continuous operation and fuel recycle without commercial infrastructure; it benefits Zn/[Fe(CN){sub 6}]{sup {minus}3} batteries by eliminating shape-change and polarization problems found with planar anodes.

1994-05-01

180

CaSnO3:. a high capacity anode material for Li-ion batteries

SnO{sub 2}-carbon nanotube (CNT) composite sheets are synthesized using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) to uniformly load a monolayer of SnO{sub 2} nanoparticles onto the surfaces of CNTs and CNT bundles within cross-stacked CNT sheets. When they are used as high-capacity (over 850 mA h g{sup -1}) and binder-free anodes in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, they exhibit good cycle performance. (Abstract Copyright [2009], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

2009-06-12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

181

Autogenous electrolyte, non-pyrolytically produced solid capacitor structure

Calcium stannate (CaSnO3) powders with the distorted perovskite structure have been synthesized by solid state and the sol-gel methods and their electrochemical performance was compared. The sol-gel CaSnO3 shows stable cycling performance with a reversible capacity of 430-440 mAh/g (0.005-1.0 V; 60 mA/g) up to 50 cycles. The role of preparatory conditions, morphology and cycling conditions (current density and potential window) on the anodic performance of the compounds are addressed.

2002-12-01

182

Characterization of aluminum surfaces: Sorption and etching

A solid electrolytic capacitor having a solid electrolyte comprising manganese dioxide dispersed in an aromatic polyamide capable of further cure to form polyimide linkages, the solid electrolyte being disposed between a first electrode made of valve metal covered by an anodic oxide film and a second electrode opposite the first electrode. The electrolyte autogenously produces water, oxygen, and hydroxyl groups which act as healing substances and is not itself produced pyrolytically. Reduction of the manganese dioxide and the water molecules released by formation of imide linkages result in substantially improved self-healing of anodic dielectric layer defects.

1998-01-01

183

A Novel Domperidone Hydrogel: Preparation, Characterization, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Properties

Aluminum, due to its low density and low cost, is a key material for future lightweight applications. However, like other structural materials, aluminum is subject to various forms of corrosion damage that annually costs the United States approximately 5% of its GNP [1]. The main goal is to investigate the effects of various solution anions on aluminum surfaces, and specifically probe pit initiation and inhibition. Using surface analysis techniques including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, results have been correlated with those obtained from electrochemical methods and a radiolabeling technique developed in the Wieckowski laboratory. Analysis of data has indicated that important variables include type of anion, solution pH, and applied electrode potential. While aggressive anions such as chloride are usually studied to elucidate corrosion processes to work ultimately toward inhibition, its corrosive properties can be ...

2001-01-01

184

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The purpose of the present study was to prepare a novel domperidone hydrogel. The domperidone dispersion was prepared by the solvent evaporation method. The characteristics of domperidone dispersion...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

185

In-situ growth of porous alumino-silicates and fabrication of nano-porous membranes

{omega} meson production at the Time-Of-Flight spectrometer

Feasibility of depositing continuous films of nano-porous alumino-silicates, primarily zeolites and MCM-41, on metallic and non-metallic substrates was examined with an aim to develop membranes for separation of gaseous mixtures and also for application as hydrogen storage material. Mesoporous silica was deposited in-side the pores of these nano-porous disks with an aim to develop membranes for selective separations. Our study involves supported zeolite film growth on substrates using in-situ hydrothermal synthesis. Faujasite, Silicalite and Mesoporous silica have been grown on various metallic and non-metallic supports. Metallic substrates used for film growth included anodized titanium, sodium hydroxide treated Titanium, Anodized aluminum, and sintered copper. A non-metallic substrate used was nano-porous aluminum oxide. Zeolite film growth was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (AMRAY 1820) and High Resolution Transmission ...

2009-01-01

186

Zinc-air battery technology: Combination of mechanical and electrical recharge

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

187

X-ray production yield in standardized thick target PIXE

No abstract prepared.

2000-07-01

188

Wavepro : a new approach to the design of data processing work flows.

No abstract prepared.

2003-07-01

189

WATER AND MAGMA CAN MIX - A HISTORY OF THE CONCEPTS OF HYDROVOLCANISM

No abstract prepared.

2010-07-01

190

VO{sub 2}(B) as a cathode material for lithium battery

No abstract prepared.

2000-09-01

191

Track reconstruction in the hexagonal drift chamber at COSY-11

No abstract prepared.

2002-07-01

192

Theory of the spiral grooved thrust bearing with liquid or gas lubricant

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

193

The study on the methods of environmental monitoring using NAA

No abstract prepared.

2003-07-01

194

The devise of the neutron camera for convenient to confirm a sample position

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

195

The Quality Characteristics of Beef Jerky prepared with Various Spices

No abstract prepared.

2000-10-01

196

The PISA experiment-spallation products identified by Bragg curve spectroscopy

Full Text Available

2004-10-01

197

The Lancashire coalfield, 1945-1972: the politics of industrial change

No abstract prepared.

2004-07-01

198

Testing of the high current implantator of nitrogen ions

No abstract prepared.

2001-06-01

199

Synthetic and bioengineered products in nuclear medicine and drug delivery

No abstract prepared

1999-10-01

200

Supragiottic laryngeal tumors: comparison of MSCT with surgery and histology

No abstract prepared.

1999-07-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

201

Study of quantum chemical calculation of actinide compounds

No abstract prepared.

2002-02-01

202

Study of cement matrices for the immobilization of evaporator concentrates

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

203

Studies of High-K Isomers at TRIUMF-ISAC

No abstract prepared

1998-12-31

204

Structure studies of acidic galactan from Pomacea sp

No abstract prepared.

2004-03-04

205

Structure and inflammatory activity of acidic galactan from Pomacea sp

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

206

Solid-state NMR on polymers and quantum computing NMR

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

207

Solid-state NMR Techniques for Chemistry Research

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

208

Size-Fractionated Plutonium Isotopes in a Coastal Environment

No abstract prepared.

2000-09-01

209

Single-Molecule Dynamics of Conformational Changes in Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide

No abstract prepared.

2000-09-22

210

Selectivity of lithium isotopes on semicrystalline titanium (IV) phosphate

No abstract prepared.

2005-01-12

211

STRUCTURAL REORGANIZATION IN FILMS OF CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES IN THE PRESENCE OF COLLOIDAL PARTICLES

No abstract prepared.

2001-01-01

212

SC04 network security wrap-up.

No abstract prepared.

2004-01-01

213

Revised plan : recommended investigation at Navarre, Kansas.

No abstract prepared.

2005-02-01

214

Reactor control system using knowledge information

No abstract prepared.

2006-01-31

215

Radiation cryochemistry of cubic ice; Kriochemia radiacyjna lodu kubicznego

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

216

Production of reducing oligosaccharides from galactan biopolymers

No abstract prepared

1998-12-31

217

Present status of containment integrity tests at NUPEC

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

218

Preparation of colloidal silver nanoparticles in poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) by ?-irradiation

No abstract prepared.

2000-11-01

219

Preliminary calculations for MOX fuel critical experiments in TCA

Not Available

2008-09-01

220

Predictive maturity of computer models using functional and multivariate output

No abstract prepared.

2000-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

221

Power plants: future will be safe; Kraftwerke: Zukunft in Sicherheit

No abstract prepared.

2008-01-01

222

Ports close hauled; Haefen hart am Wind

No abstract prepared.

2006-08-15

223

Plasma nitriding of ASTM F138 biomaterial - corrosion study

No abstract prepared.

2010-11-15

224

Planning for an Integrated Program of Scientific Research on Global Environmental Change

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

225

Pipe whip transient analysis of the ignalina NPP.

No abstract prepared.

2003-07-08

226

Performance of the central calorimeter of the COSY-TOF detector

No abstract prepared.

2002-05-15

227

Pectins from medicinal plants and their anti-ulcer activity

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

228

PREPARATION METHOD OF POLYMER-SUPPORTED CHIRAL ZIRCONIUM CATALYST

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

229

J-STORE (Japan)

Full Text Available

2008-09-26

230

On the determination of the equilibrium melting temperature of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)

On duality of the noncommutative supersymmetric Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory

No abstract prepared.

2004-07-01

231

Nuclear safety and international governance. Russia and Eastern Europe

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

232

New technologies for managing oil field wastes.

No abstract prepared

1999-06-01

233

Neutron activation analysis of ultra-trace elements. 2

No abstract prepared.

2000-10-25

234

Monitoring of the relative beam polarization at COSY-11

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

235

Mobile Smart Meter; Mobile Smart Meter

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

236

Migration behavior of trace elements with geothermal sources

No abstract prepared.

2010-06-15

237

Microorganisms elimination in antiquity paper by gamma irradiation

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

238

Metal dusting induced pitting in Alloy 800.

No abstract prepared.

2002-07-01

239

Mechanisms behind the rise and fall of sideflow at SIS energies

NO abstract prepared.

2005-01-01

240

Measurement of crack growth rate of magnesium alloy AZ31

No abstract prepared.

2002-07-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

241

MECHANICAL DESIGN OF THE SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCE COUPLED CAVITY ACCELERATOR

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

242

Learning from Europe; Lernen von Europa

No abstract prepared.

2001-06-01

243

Large interaction of cytochrome-c with cardiolipin/DPPC vesicles by SAXS

No abstract prepared.

2010-09-15

244

LOS ALAMOS PLUTONIUM FACILITY WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

No abstract prepared.

2008-11-15

245

Kevlar and carbon composite body armor - analysis and testing.

No abstract prepared.

2000-01-01

246

Investigation of the a{sub 0}{sup +}(980) resonance at ANKE

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

247

International Workshop of the Physics of Compressible Turbulent Mixing

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

248

Influence of irradiation on thermally stimulated current in PEEK

No abstract prepared.

2001-11-28

249

Induction of self-compatible buckwheat by ion beams

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

250

InP-quantum dots in AlGaInP

No abstract prepared.

2003-03-01

251

Implementation of a new data acquisition system at COSY-TOF

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

252

Hydrogen Systems Analysis, Education, and Outreach Activities

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

253

Heat transfer augmentation in channels with porous copper inserts.

No abstract prepared.

2000-02-02

254

Gluing Feynman diagrams in NDIM: insights into the three-point vertex

No abstract prepared.

1998-05-19

255

Geothermal Heat Pump Design Tool Benchmarking

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

256

Formation of Stable Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Weathering Plant Material

No abstract prepared.

2000-08-01

257

Fly Ash Amendments Catalyze Soil Carbon Sequestration

No abstract prepared.

2005-08-22

258

First experiments with the Rossendorf Si-ball RoSiB

No abstract prepared.

2003-09-15

259

Final Report - Summary of Executive Policy Forum on Electricity Restructuring

No abstract prepared

1999-10-01

260

Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) Shutdown Activities

No abstract prepared.

2001-04-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

261

Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) Background & Status

No abstract prepared.

2001-06-01

262

Experimental and numerical study of colloid transport in a single fracture.

No abstract prepared.

2001-06-01

263

Eta-nucleus final state interaction studies

No abstract prepared.

2005-02-01

264

Eta-nucleus bound state study and the detector ENSTAR

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

265

Estimation of the radiation damages of the Uppsala spectator detector

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

266

Epigenetic changes accompanying human mammary epithelial cell Immortalization

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

267

Electromagnetic excitations in nuclei: From photon scattering to photo-dissociation

No abstract prepared.

2000-10-03

268

Efficiency of the second scintillator plane of the ANKE forward detector

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

269

Determination of the ANKE forward detector MWPC efficiency

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

270

DENSITY ANOMALIES IN THIN LIQUID FILMS OF HYDRIDE FUNCTIONAL SILOXANES

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

271

Conserved currents and dualities in a covariant phase-space dynamics

No abstract prepared.

2002-01-01

272

Computer model improves real-time management of water quality

No abstract prepared.

2007-07-01

273

Complex geometry, duality and non-perturbative structures in superstring theory

No abstract prepared.

1999-07-21

274

Combinatorial Spray-Based Synthesis of PEM FC Electrocatalysts

No abstract prepared.

1998-07-01

275

Close-to-threshold {phi} production at COSY-11

No abstract prepared.

2003-11-02

276

Chemical solution deposition of PLZT films on base metal foils.

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

277

Characterization of crystalline structure of electrodeposited ZnO thin films

No abstract prepared.

2003-11-07

278

CATALYSTS FOR HIGH CETANE ETHERS AS DIESEL FUELS

No abstract prepared.

2010-07-01

279

Biological Surface-Active Substance

No abstract prepared.

1999-09-01

280

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Development of biological preparation with surfactant activity

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

281

Biogas in the natural gas grid; Biogas im Erdgasnetz

Arabinogalactans isolated from the medicinal plant Maytenus ilicifolia

No abstract prepared.

2007-03-15

282

An X-ray and neutron reflectometry study of multilayers

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

283

Advanced Direct Liquefaction Concepts Program Phase II

No abstract prepared.

1998-09-01

284

Acidic heteroxylans from medicinal plants and their antiulcer activity

No abstract prepared.

2002-11-30

285

ASC HPEMS Xyce circuit simulator : linear solver technology.

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

286

A review of in-situ chemical oxidation and heterogeneity

No abstract prepared.

2004-06-01

287

A review of Monte Carlo criticality calculations - convergence, bias, statistics

No abstract prepared.

2003-02-03

288

A precision experiment to measure the {eta}-meson mass

No abstract prepared.

2008-01-01

289

A Technology Roadmap for Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

290

A Study on the Preparation of Tritium Luminous Compound

No abstract prepared.

2002-12-01

291

A Guide to Experimental Elementary Particle Physics Literature 1994-1998

Full Text Available

1972-12-01

292

14 MeV neutron irradiation effects on window materials

No abstract prepared.

1999-10-01

293

Preparation of carrier-free yttrium-88 from strontium target by solvent extraction

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

294

Abrasion problems in coal preparation

... carrier-free isotopes chemical preparation gamma spectra isotope production

295

High-power, high-brightness pseudospark-produced electron beam driven by improved pulse line accelerator

Lining of fused cast basalt tiles is recommended for various pieces of equipment constituting a coal preparation plant.

1981-01-01

296

Electrodeposition and electrochemical characterisation of thick and thin coatings of Sb and Sb/Sb{sub 2}O{sub 3} particles for Li-ion battery anodes

A high power (200KV), intense current density, low emittance (71mmmrad), high brightness (8x10{sup 10}A/m rad) electron beam was generated in the 10cm long, high-voltage-resistive multi-gap hollow cathode pseudospark chamber filled with 15pa nitrogen and driven by an improved pulse line accelerator. The beam was ejected with the 1mm diameter, the 2.2KA beam current, and the 400ns pulse length, and could propagated 20cm in the drift tube. At a distance of 5cm from the anode it penetrated consecutively an acid-sensitive discoloring film and a 0.05mm-thick copper foil both stuck closely, left 0.6mm and 0.3mm holes on them, respectively. That 10 shots on an acid-sensitive film produced a hole of 1.6mm at 7cm downstream of anode showed its good repeatability. After 60 shots the pseudospark discharge chamber was disassembled and observed that almost no destructive damage traces left on the surfaces of its various electrodes and insulators. But on ...

1995-12-31

297

The initial potential and current distributions of the crevice corrosion process

The possibilities to electrodeposit thick coatings composed of nanoparticles of Sb and Sb{sub 2}O{sub 3} for use as high-capacity anode materials in Li-ion batteries have been investigated. It is demonstrated that the stability of the coatings depends on their Sb{sub 2}O{sub 3} concentrations as well as microstructure. The electrodeposition reactions in electrolytes with different pH and buffer capacities were studied using chronopotentiometry and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance measurements. The obtained deposits, which were characterised with XRD and SEM, were also tested as anode materials in Li-ion batteries. The influence of the pH and buffer capacity of the deposition solution on the composition and particle size of the deposits were studied and it is concluded that depositions from a poorly buffered solution of antimony-tartrate give rise to good anode materials due to the inclusion of precipitated Sb{sub ...

2007-12-20

298

The influence of applied potential on the erosion-corrosion behavior of AISI321 stainless steel in acidic slurry medium

A computational model has been developed to calculate the potential and current distributions in the electrolyte phase and on the electrode surface for a system in which a part of the anode is passivated while the rest remains in the active dissolution state. The computation employs the finite element method allied with a boundary variation and a trial and error technique. From the obtained distributions, the location of the boundary between the active and passive regions on the anode can be predicted. In the case of a crevice, this means that a critical distance into the crevice exists beyond which active corrosion (crevice corrosion) takes place. In addition to the active/passive behavior of the material, solution conductivity, applied potential at the sample's outer surface, crevice gap and depth dimensions, and passive current density influence this critical distance to different degrees. The developed software package may also be ...

1993-03-01

299

Reaction mechanisms of MnMoO{sub 4} for high capacity anode material of Li secondary battery

The influence of applied potential on the erosion-corrosion (E-C) behavior of AISI321 stainless steel in 10% H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}+15% corundum sand (60 mesh) acidic slurry was investigated using a modified slurry pot apparatus. The surface morphologies of E-C specimens at various applied potentials were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that cathodic protection could significantly decrease E-C rate, and the cathodic protection efficiency could be 73.6%. The influence of applied anodic potentials on the E-C behaviors could be classified as the following three types: A. The E-C rate increased sharply in region I (a little more positive than free-corrosion potential); B. The E-C rate decreased significantly in region II (stable passive region), and the anodic protection efficiency could be 64.5%; C. The E-C rate increased again in region III (transpassive region) because of intergranular corrosion. The appropriate potential ...

1995-08-01

300

Large reversible Li storage of graphene nanosheet families for use in rechargeable lithium ion batteries.

Crystalline MnMoO{sub 4} was synthesized using a conventional solid reaction method and investigated for its physical and electrochemical properties as an anode material for Li secondary battery. The reversible amount of Li insertion/removal of MnMoO{sub 4} anode during the first cycle was about 800 mA h/g, accompanied by irreversible structural transformation into amorphous material. The amorphization during the first Li insertion was investigated by structural analysis using XRD of electrode. The charge compensation during Li insertion/removal was examined by measurement of X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Despite its irreversible structural transformation to amorphous during the first lithiation, subsequent cycles showed a reasonable cyclability. This paper presents the electrochemical properties of MnMoO{sub 4} and discusses the mechanism underlying the Li insertion/removal process.

2002-02-02

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

301

Determination of the emission zone in a single-layer polymer light-emitting diode through optical measurements

The lithium storage properties of graphene nanosheet (GNS) materials as high capacity anode materials for rechargeable lithium secondary batteries (LIB) were investigated. Graphite is a practical anode material used for LIB, because of its capability for reversible lithium ion intercalation in the layered crystals, and the structural similarities of GNS to graphite may provide another type of intercalation anode compound. While the accommodation of lithium in these layered compounds is influenced by the layer spacing between the graphene nanosheets, control of the intergraphene sheet distance through interacting molecules such as carbon nanotubes (CNT) or fullerenes (C60) might be crucial for enhancement of the storage capacity. The specific capacity of GNS was found to be 540 mAh/g, which is much larger than that of graphite, and this was increased up to 730 mAh/g and 784 mAh/g, respectively, by the incorporation of ...

2008-07-24

302

Corrosion on stainless steel in high concentrated sulphuric acid under flow- and fatigue loading conditions. Stroemungs- und schwingungsbeeinflusste Korrosion von nichtrostenden Staehlen in konzentrierter Schwefelsaeure; Schlussbericht

We study the emission zone in a single-layer polymer light-emitting diode. The emission zone is found by studying the angular distribution of the electroluminescence. The emission is modeled by accounting for optical interference. We account for birefringence of the anode layer in our model. The active polymer was, however, found to be isotropic. The anode consists of a single-layer of the conducting polymer complex poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS), with enhanced conductivity. As a cathode we use plain aluminum. By using only PEDOT-PSS we avoid having a thin metal layer or indium-tin-oxide as the anode in the path of the escaping light. The active material is a substituted polythiophene with excellent film forming properties. A comparison between the experimental and calculated angular distribution of light emission from a single-layered polymer light-emitting diode was shown to be in ...

2001-06-01

303

Control of anodic passivation systems

It was to be investigated why inexplicable cracking occurred in plain stainless austenitic steel pipes of heat exchangers in discrete sites of the inner surface exposed to acid even with anodic corrosion protection, and what countermeasures must be taken. The following materials were investigated: X 6 CrNiTi 18 10 and X 6 CrNiMoTi 17 12 2. The influence of mechanical vibrations on passive film formation and destruction was investigated in unconstrained pipes and pipes constrained at one end in conditions of anodic protection at frequencies of 0 to 160 Hz and temperatures of 98 to 130 degrees Centigrade in 98% sulphuric acid. The authors were unable to reconstruct the cracks observed in practical operation in anodically protected heat exchanger pipes of stainless austenitic steel. (orig./MM). 5 refs., 2 tabs., 71 figs.

1990-09-20

304

Carbon nanotube coating silicon doped with Cr as a high capacity anode

A method is described of controlling an anodic protection system in a heat exchanger comprising: (a) installing at least one cathode within the heat exchanger, at least one cathode being aligned with the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger and extending substantially along the length of the heat exchanger; (b) installing a first reference electrode within and at one end of the heat exchanger, the first reference electrode having a first controller having a set point for control and a power supply having an output creating an electrical potential between at least one cathode and the heat exchanger; (c) measuring the electrical potential of the heat exchanger with the first reference electrode; (d) operating the first controller in response to measurements made by the first reference electrode to change the output of the power supply; (e) installing a second reference electrode within and at the opposite end of the heat exchanger separated from the first ...

1987-08-25

305

Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of uranium at a thin palladium film-aluminum electrode. Analysis of some uranium mineral ores

Effects of dopant and coating carbon nanotube on anodic performance of Si were studied for metallic anode Li ion rechargeable battery with large capacity. Although the large Li intercalation capacity higher than 1500mAhg{sup -1} is exhibited on pure Si, it decreased drastically with increasing cycle number. Increasing the electrical conductivity by doping Cr or B is effective for increasing the initial capacity and the cycle stability of Si for Li intercalation. Coating semiconductive Si with the carbon nanotube by decomposition of hydrocarbon is effective for increasing the cycle stability, though the initial Li intercalation capacity slightly decreased. Conducting binder is also important for increasing the cycle stability and it was found that Li intercalation capacity higher than 1500mAhg{sup -1} can be sustained by using poly vinyliden fruolide. Consequently, reversible Li intercalation capacity of 1500mAhg{sup -1} was successfully ...

2005-08-26

306

The mass dependence of the signal peak height of a Bragg-curve ionization chamber

In the present work, a rapid deposition anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) for determination of uranium is presented. For this purpose, the uranyl hexacyanoferrate (K2UO2[Fe(CN)6]) is deposited electrochemically on a thin palladium-aluminum electrode (Pd-Al) from a UO22+ solution in the presence of K3Fe(CN)6. Then, the well stable (K2UO2[Fe(CN)6]) on the electrode was stripped by anodic differential pulse voltammetry for measuring the UO22+ ion concentration. The effect of operational parameters, including: concentration of K3Fe(CN)6, solution pH, deposition potential, and deposition time were studied. In optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the concentration range 105-7 x 10-4 mol L-1 with a detection limit of 6.2 x 10-6 mol L-1. The influence of some concomitant ions in K2UO2[Fe(CN)6] formation was investigated. The proposed method was used for the rapid determination of uranium in some uranium mineral ores. (orig.)

2010-01-01

307

SnO2/graphene composite with high lithium storage capability for lithium rechargeable batteries

The Bragg-curve detector of the parallel plate ionization chamber type generates a signal that is a distorted replica of the original Bragg-curve. In result of this distortion, the signal peak height is not only a function of the atomic number of the heavy ion, as it is often stated, but also of the particle mass. This mass effect was studied with the aid of computer simulation, and it was found to be dependent on the Frisch grid to anode gap width and on the detector gas. The charge resolution of the detector is affected very significantly by this mass dependence of the signal peak height. Therefore, a careful selection of the detector gas and the grid to anode gap width is necessary, if good charge resolution over a wide range of heavy ions is required. (orig.).

308

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

SnO2/graphene nanocomposites have been fabricated by a simple chemical method. In the fabrication process, the control of surface charge causes echinoid-like SnO2 nanoparticles to be formed and uniformly decorated on the graphene. The electrostatic attraction between a graphene nanosheet (GNS) and the echinoid-like SnO2 particles under controlled pH creates a unique nanostructure in which extremely small SnO2 particles are uniformly dispersed on the GNS. The SnO2/graphene nanocomposite has been shown to perform as a high capacity anode with good cycling behavior in lithium rechargeable batteries. The anode retained a reversible capacity of 634 mA?h?g?1 with a coulombic efficiency of 98% after 50 cycles. The high reversibility can be attributed to the mechanical buffering by the GNS against...

2010-01-01

309

Results from a Bragg Curve Spectrometer

Relationships between Film Chemistry, Structure, and Mechanical Properties in Titanium Oxide

The Bragg Curve Spectrometer (BCS) is an ionization chamber long enough to stop particles of interest. Particles enter through the cathode window and leave an ionization track parallel to the electric field. The ionization electrons drift through a Frisch grid and are collected on an anode. The anode current, as a function of time, is proportional to the specific ionization along the track. The preamp output is split and used as input for two amplifiers, one with a long integration time constant for energy measurement, and one with a short time constant to pick off the maximum ionization or Bragg peak. The Bragg peak, which is proportional to the nuclear charge, is used for particle identification. Several versions of the BCS have been constructed and tested. Test results, detector characteristics and some design problems are discussed.

1984-10-01

310

Regeneration of zinc anodes for the Electric Fuel{reg_sign} zinc-air refuelable EV battery system

Titanium oxides were grown anodically to selected final potentials on grade II polycrystalline titanium under different anodization rates. XPS and RBS results show that the oxide consists of primarily TiO2 with a non-stoichiometric oxide/metal interface, with the slower growth rate associated with a thicker layer at the interface. Characterization using TEM reveals that the structure of the oxide evolves from a primarily amorphous phase to islands of crystallites in an amorphous matrix, to an entirely crystalline phase by increasing the polarization potential. Slower growth rates tend to remain crystalline at higher potentials. The mechanical strength of oxide films extracted from load-depth data by nanoindentation varies dramatically for oxide films grown by different rates at 9.4 V, and to a lesser extent at lower potentials. The variation of film strength is associated with both compositional and structural characteristics.

2001-01-01

311

Plane electrode device for multiwire detector for ionizing radiations

The Electric Fuel Limited (EFL) refuelable zinc-air battery system is currently being tested in a number of electric vehicle demonstration projects, the largest of which is a field test of zinc-air postal vans sponsored chiefly by Deutsche Post AG (the German Post Office). The zinc-air battery is not recharged electrically, but rather is refueled through a series of mechanical and electrochemical steps that will require a special infrastructure in commercial application. As part of the German Post Office field test program, Electric Fuel designed and constructed a pilot zinc anode regeneration plant in Bremen, Germany. This plant is capable of servicing up to 100 commercial vans per week, which is adequate for the field test vehicle fleet. This paper will describe the design and operation of each of the areas and devices within the plant.

1997-12-31

312

Numerical study of thermoelectric characteristics of a planar solid oxide fuel cell with direct internal reforming of methane

A multiwire proportional counter type detector with thin slits instead of wires is presented. It can detect either charged particles (positive or negative) or radiation. The detector can be used as a counter or as an image converter. In radiography, it can replace photographic film or TV camera systems. It can also be used to measure particle or radiation energy. The slits which replace wires in the anode are introduced between two parallel microstrip conductors with different potentials. A quasi-polar electric field is produced between these strips. To obtain high fields, the slits are extremely narrow. Microstrips less than a micron can be obtained, giving structural dimensions of a few microns, i.e., 100 times smaller than the spacing in a classic wire anode.

1986-07-01

313

Mass dependence of the signal peak height of a Bragg-curve ionization chamber

A three-dimensional mathematical thermo-fluid model coupling the electrochemical kinetics with fluid dynamics was developed to simulate the heat and mass transfer in planar anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The internal reforming reactions and electrochemical reactions of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the porous anode layer were analyzed. The temperature, species mole fraction, current density, overpotential loss and other performance parameters of the single cell unit were obtained by a commercial CFD code (Fluent) and external sub-routine. Results show that the current density produced by electrochemical reactions of carbon monoxide cannot be ignored, the cathode overpotential loss is the biggest one among the three overpotential losses, and that the proper decrease of the operating voltage leads to the increase of the current density, PEN structure temperature, fuel utilization factor, fuel efficiency and power output of the ...

2009-01-15

314

Investigation into corrosion fatigue of stainless steels in high concentrated sulfuric acid

The Bragg-curve detector of the parallel plate ionization chamber type generates a signal that is a distorted replica of the original Bragg-curve. In result of this distortion, the signal peak height is not only a function of the atomic number of the heavy ion, as it is often stated, but also of the particle mass. This mass effect was studied with the aid of computer simulation, and it was found to be dependent on the Frisch grid to anode gap width and on the detector gas. The charge resolution of the detector is affected very significantly by this mass dependence of the signal peak height. Therefore, a careful selection of the detector gas and the grid to anode gap width is necessary, if good charge resolution over a wide range of heavy ions is required.

1985-01-01

315

Influence of sulfur dioxide content of 20% and 92% sulfuric acid on anodic behavior of stainless steels

Four commercial stainless steels (mat. Nos. 1.4539, 1.4586, 1.4571 and 1.4462) were tested in 96% and 90% sulfuric acid of 80/sup 0/C as to their corrosion fatigue strength by subjecting notched round bars to the rotary bending test. At the same time, the efficiency of anodic protection was examined. With all four steels, the alternating bending strength obtained in the air is essentially reduced. The semiaustenitic steel Nr. 1.4462 shows a lower corrosion fatigue strength than the three austenitic steels. Although making the corrosion fatigue strength of steels better calculable, anodic protection proves insufficient to completely prevent notched round bars from corrosion fatigue in concentrated sulfuric acid.

1982-09-01

316

Influence of calcite on the electrokinetic treatment of a natural clay

This paper investigates steels 12Kh18N10T, 10Kh17N13M2T, 08Kh22N6T, and 08Kh21N6M2T. In corrosion of stainless steels in sulfuric acid solutions, dissolved sulfur dioxide acts as a cathodic depolarizer, capable of being reduced to elemental sulfur or forming sulfides with the metal. Depending on the conditions, this is associated with some increase in potential and greater or lesser increase in corrosion or facilitation of passivation of active steel. After passivation the influence of SO/sub 2/ is negligible. The results of this investigation were used as initial data for developing systems of anodic protection for shell-and-tube heat exchangers for sulfuric acid.

1986-07-01

317

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

After presenting a geochemical model for the interaction between calcite and varying environmental conditions, the paper discusses the experimental results of long duration electrokinetic tests, run on a natural clayey soil in unbuffered conditions. Local measurements of electrical potential, temperature and water flow were performed during the tests, while pH and fluid conductivity were measured locally once the tests had been dismantled. Sharp change of pH and reduction of the soil electrical conductivity, that in pure clays usually occur in the proximity of the cathode, were observed in the region close to the anode. As well, the soil in the anode area systematically tended to develop fractures, that mostly persisted until the end of the experiments. The features observed, that are not ...

2009-01-01

318

Extending the service life and power of a gas laser with a coaxial continuous cathode

Evaluation method for corrosion resistance of zirconium alloy

A continuous gas laser may be operated reliably with an increased pressure level and current level without significant cathode sputtering. This increases the service life and the specific power of the laser. The design eliminates the formation of arcs in operational conditions, which also has a positive influence on laser operation. The proposed laser is used successfully in modern interferometry, in geodesy and in materials analysis. The laser design is characterized by the presence of separation rings inside the coaxial cathode. The separation rings are fastened to the anode. The anode is a perforated tube that is connected to two final protective rings. Electrodes from the housing pass through the final rings. In order to increase laser power, two or more lasers of such design are used and are positioned on the same axis in a single housing.

1983-12-31

319

Emittance of boehmite and alumina films on 6061 aluminium alloy between 295 and 773 K

The present invention concerns a method of evaluating corrosion resistance of a zirconium alloy easily and in a short period of time. An anode polarization curve of the zirconium alloy is measured to obtain an anode polarization curve expressed by logarithm. The curve is converted to a potential-current density curve expressed by absolute values. The peak area in the curve of the converted potential-current density is indicated by numerical values. Further, the corrosion resistance of the zirconium alloy is evaluated based on the peak area converted into the numerical values as a reference. This method is based on the finding that the peak area has a close relation with nodular corrosion resistance, and the corrosion resistance can be judged with respect to a specific zircaloy-2. (T.M.).

1993-03-26

320

Electrochemical behavior of aluminum in 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid electrolytes for capacitor applications

The total hemispherical emittance of an oxide film that formed on 6061-T6 aluminium alloy parts in the Tower Shielding Reactor-II at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was measured from 295 to 773 K using an emissometer and/or a calorimeter. The emittance of this film was critically needed for heat transfer calculations in a simulated loss-of-coolant accident of the reactor. X-ray diffraction analysis identified the film as boehmite (Al_2O_3 x H_2O), which dehydrated to alumina (Al_2O_3) upon heating above 473 K. The measured emittances for the alumina film are in excellent agreement with published values for anodized aluminum films and for bulk alumina. Published values of the emittance of boehmite could not be found for comparison, but evidence is presented that some anodization processes for aluminum yield boehmite and not alumina films.

1991-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

321

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This study compares two series of solvents for application in aluminum electrolytic capacitors: ethylene glycol (EG) and water mixtures, and ethylene glycol and 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMI.BF4) ionic liquid (IL) mixtures. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were carried out with a previously anodized aluminum disk electrode. Comparative measurements of solution resistance, polarization resistance, AC capacitance, and passive current were made. The results show that EG?IL mixtures with low amounts of IL (10% IL?90% EG v/v) have a low solution resistance. Low values of solution resistance, high values of polarization resistance, small passive current, and uniform capacitance of anodized aluminum in EG?IL mixtures are favorable properties of ...

2009-01-01

322

Covalent modification of fused silica capillaries with quaternized polyamines to achieve robust and stable anodic electroosmotic flow

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Synthetic chemistry originally developed for the manufacture of chemically stable silica polyamine composites was adapted for the modification of fused silica capillaries for application in CE. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyallylamine (PAA) were covalently bonded to the interior surface of fused silica capillaries utilizing 3-chloropropyltrichlorosilane (CPTCS) or 3-glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) to anchor the polymers to the surface. The surface-bound polymers were subsequently quaternized using methyl iodide (MeI). The resulting modified capillaries were studied using CE, and were shown to provide reproducible, stable, and robust anodic EOF throughout the pH range of 2-10. Surface modifications utilizing CPTCS could be rinsed with up to 6 M HCL or 1 M NaOH without significant...

2009-01-01

323

Choice of corrosion-resistant metal for fluotitanic acid

Choice of corrosion-resistant metal for fluotitanic acid

The authors investigate the corrosion and anodic behavior of steels 12Kh18N10T, 08Kh21N6M2T, and 06KhN28MDT, nickel, and molybdenum in 10-40% naturally aerated solutions of H/sub 2/TiF/sub 6/ at 20 and 50 degrees C. The authors found that in solutions of fluotitanic acid, as also in tetrafluoroboric and hydrofluoric acids, the most stable alloys are chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloy of type 06KhN28MDT and (for acid concentrations above 20%) copper-nickel-alloys of the monel metal type. Steels 12Kh18N10T and 08Kh21N6M2T can be used in acid concentrations of less than 10% and temperatures up to 20 degrees C with anodic protection.

1986-05-01

324

About the safety of lithium batteries with carbon anode; De la securite des accumulateurs au lithium a anode de carbone

The authors investigate the corrosion and anodic behavior of steels 12Kh18N10T, 08Kh21N6M2T, and 06KhN28MDT, nickel, and molybdenum in 10-40% naturally aerated solutions of H_2TiF_6 at 20 and 50 degrees C. The authors found that in solutions of fluotitanic acid, as also in tetrafluoroboric and hydrofluoric acids, the most stable alloys are chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloy of type 06KhN28MDT and (for acid concentrations above 20%) copper-nickel-alloys of the monel metal type. Steels 12Kh18N10T and 08Kh21N6M2T can be used in acid concentrations of less than 10% and temperatures up to 20 degrees C with anodic protection.

325

A nanosized silicon thin film as high capacity anode material for Li-ion rechargeable batteries

The replacement of lithium metal from the negative electrode of lithium batteries by a material allowing the reversible insertion of lithium ions is an undeniable commercial success. Carbon electrodes, generally called Li{sub x}C{sub 6}, are the most common type and allow to increase the service life of the battery, its charging fastness and its safety. The safety of such batteries is well known in normal conditions of use, but it has to be known also in any abusive condition of use, whatever is the charging state. The mastery of the phenomena that can occur requires a good knowledge of the kinetics of the exothermal chemical reactions involved. (J.S.) 8 refs.

1996-12-31

326

Study of both nature and topology of the nano-porous materials by the positron annihilation spectroscopy

Silicon thin film with thickness in range 1000-5300 A deposited on rough Cu foil by a radio frequency magnetron sputtering is used as anode materials for Li-ion rechargeable batteries. The SEM, XRD and TEM analysis reveals that the Si thin film has a floccular nano-sized multi-crystalline structure. Li ions insertion/extraction evaluation is performed mainly with constant current charge/discharge cycling and cyclic voltammetry (CV) at room temperature. The cycleability and reversible discharge capacity are found to depend on the film thickness, and thinner films give larger accommodation capacity. A 3120 A Si film provides a reversible specific capacity over 3500 mA hg{sup -1} with excellent cycleability under 0.5 C charge/discharge rate.

2006-07-15

327

Structure and stability of the anodically formed films on 304 stainless steel in sulfuric acid

By the methods of the angular distribution of photon annihilation, time distribution of photon annihilation, photoluminescence spectroscopy, Fourier IR-spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy the detail information on relation of the structural and physical properties of the porous nano-structures is obtained. Study of pores sizes in a different nano-porous materials, such as the porous silicon, porous anode aluminium oxide, porous solids exposed to light atoms ion implantation (hydrogen, deuterium, helium) is carried out.

2003-09-15

328

Silicon electrochemistry related to the formation of porous silicon

The structure and composition of the passive films formed on 304 stainless steel in deaerated IN H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} were studied by RHEED, XPS and AES. The stability of the passive films as a function of passivation potential and passivation time were investigated. The role of bound water in affecting the stability of the passive films is discussed. 7 refs., 3 figs.

1983-01-01

329

Sealant Research for solid oxide fuel cells

We have examined in detail the electrochemistry of both n- and p-type single crystal (100) silicon in the porous silicon formation regime using a rotating Si disk apparatus with a Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Our findings impact the use and optimization of buried n- or p-type layer anodization for silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer synthesis. Results are briefly discussed. 3 refs.

1988-01-01

330

Passivity of polycrystalline NiMnGa alloys for magnetic shape memory applications

The objective of this work is to develop sealing materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). A suitable sealant must form strong, dense bonds with SOFC components, be chemically and mechanically compatible with the components, be stable at 1000 degrees C in the operating environment of the SOFC (H_2 and H_2O on the anode side, O_2 on the cathode side), and must be nonconductive.

1992-07-01

331

Passivity of polycrystalline NiMnGa alloys for magnetic shape memory applications

The corrosion and passivation behaviour of bulk polycrystalline martensite Ni{sub 50}Mn{sub 30}Ga{sub 20} and austenite Ni{sub 48}Mn{sub 30}Ga{sub 22} alloys was compared in electrolytes with different pH values. Linear anodic and cyclic potentiodynamic polarisation methods and anodic current transient measurements have been conducted for the alloys and their constituents to analyze free corrosion, anodic dissolution and passive layer formation processes. Electrochemically treated alloy surfaces were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical response of both alloys is in principal similar and is dominated by the Ni oxidation. In acidic solutions (pH 0.5 and 5) a slightly higher reactivity is detectable for the martensitic alloy which is mainly attributed to enhanced dissolution processes at the multiple twin boundaries. In weakly ...

2009-05-15

332

Particle identification through the measurement of the Bragg curve centroid

The corrosion and passivation behaviour of bulk polycrystalline martensite Ni50Mn30Ga20 and austenite Ni48Mn30Ga22 alloys was compared in electrolytes with different pH values. Linear anodic and cyclic potentiodynamic polarisation methods and anodic current transient measurements have been conducted for the alloys and their constituents to analyze free corrosion, anodic dissolution and passive layer formation processes. Electrochemically treated alloy surfaces were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical response of both alloys is in principal similar and is dominated by the Ni oxidation. In acidic solutions (pH 0.5 and 5) a slightly higher reactivity is detectable for the martensitic alloy which is mainly attributed to enhanced dissolution processes at the multiple twin boundaries. In weakly acidic to strongly alkaline solutions ...

2009-05-01

333

Particle identification through the measurement of the Bragg curve centroid

A new method of particle identification of heavy ions through the measurement of the Bragg curve centroid and particle energy has been developed using a gas ionization chamber with a resistive anode layer. Z-resolutions comparable to the conventional ..delta..E-E counter telescope could be rather easily attained.

1983-07-01

334

Particle identification by modified Bragg-curve centroid detection

A new method of particle identification of heavy ions through the measurement of the Bragg curve centroid and particle energy has been developed using a gas ionization chamber with a resistive anode layer. Z-resolutions comparable to the conventional #DELTA#E-E counter telescope could be rather easily attained. (orig.).

335

Non-aqueous electrode research. Interim technical report, 1 October 1978-25 October 1979

A new article identification method based on the measurement of Bragg-curve centroids using a gas-filled ionization chamber has been improved for detection of low-energy particles around 1 MeV per nucleon by introducing a nonuniform distribution of resistance on the anode electrode. Almost the same quality of Z-resolutions as in the conventional ..delta..E-E method could be obtained up to Z=19.

1987-03-01

336

Metalloporphyrin catalysts for oxygen reduction developed using computer-aided molecular design

This report describes work carried out in the second 13 months of a 33 month contract to characterize the passive films formed on anodes commonly used in non-aqueous battery cells, and to identify cell reaction products formed at the carbon cathode commonly used in these cells.

1980-03-01

337

NAME=\\

Wastenet

... Electro-Osmotic Pulse (EOP) technology forces moisture to flow through concrete surfaces against the hydraulic gradient when an electric field is applied to an embedded anode system. This flow is initiated by the movement of cations (positively charged ions) present in a porous medium such as concrete toward the negative earth. Water surrounding the cations moves with them. The Corps of Engineers owns and maintains many buried ...

338

Metal chalcogenides as reversible cathodes in lithium cells and their future in telecommunications

The objective of this project is the development of a new class of metalloporphyrin materials used as catalsyts for use in fuel cell applications. The metalloporphyrins are excellent candidates for use as catalysts at both the anode and cathode. The catalysts reduce oxygen in 1 M potassium hydroxide, as well as in 2 M sulfuric acid. Covalent attachment to carbon supports is being investigated. The computer-aided molecular design is an iterative process, in which experimental results feed back into the design of future catalysts.

1996-04-01

339

Mechanism of denting corrosion

Certain transition metal chalcogenides are promising materials for use as cathodes in nonaqueous lithium batteries involving the intercalation into these layered compounds. The electrochemical behavior of the chalcogenides depends on various properties such as structure, stoichiometry, electrical conductivity, crystal morphology, etc. The influence of these properties and of the ultimate practical application of the battery on the selection of cathode material is discussed. Battery performance of selected cathode materials is discussed and life limitations due to the limited cycle life of lithium anodes are outlined. 15 refs.

1980-08-01

340

Hydrogen uptake and embrittlement of tantalum after electrolytical hydrogen production

The rapid corrosion of carbon steels in high temperature, acid chloride solutions is shown to be rate limited by the anodic reaction, 3Fe + 4H_2O = Fe_3O_4 + 8H"+ + 8e"-, based on experiments which find that the corrosion rate in 0.1M NiCl_2 solution has an activation energy of 60 kJ/ mole and is unaffected by adding NaCl or by replacing NiCl_2 with PtCl_4. (author).

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

341

Hydrogen uptake and embrittlement of tantalum after electrolytical hydrogen production

Hydrogen uptake and embrittlement of tantalum by electrolytically produced hydrogen is investigated on samples of varying composition and type of pretreatment. Of decisive influence on the uptake of hydrogen are the oxide layers present on the tantalum surface. By contact with platinum group metals as alloying constituents, surface coatings or anodic protection, a protection of tantalum can be obtained depending on the experimental conditions.

1983-03-01

342

First tests of "bulk" MICROMEGAS with resistive cathode mesh

Hydrogen uptake and embrittlement of tantalum by electrolytically produced hydrogen is investigated on samples of varying composition and type of pretreatment. Of decisive influence on the uptake of hydrogen are the oxide layers present on the tantalum surface. By contact with platinum group metals as alloying constituents, surface coatings or anodic protection, a protection of tantalum can be obtained depending on the experimental conditions. (orig.).

343

Dynamic behaviour of dc double anode plasma torch at atmospheric pressure

We present the first results from tests of a MICROMEGAS detector manufactured using the so-called "bulk" technology and having a resistive cathode mesh instead of the conventional metallic one. This detector operates as usual MICROMEGAS, but in the case of sparks, which may appear at high gas gains, the resistive mesh reduces their current and makes the sparks harmless. This approach could be complementary to the ongoing efforts of various groups to develop spark-protected MICROMEGAS with resistive anode planes.

2010-01-01

344

Corrosion resistance of zinc coatings on depleted uranium and uranium alloys

An original dc double anode plasma torch which provides a long-time and highly stable atmospheric plasma jet has been devised for the purpose of hazardous waste treatment. The arc fluctuations and dynamic behaviour of the argon and argon-nitrogen plasma jets under different operating conditions have been investigated by means of classical tools, such as the statistic method, fast Fourier transform (FFT) and correlation analysis. In our experiments, the takeover mode is identified as the fluctuation characteristic of the argon plasma jet while the restrike mode is typical in the argon-nitrogen plasma dynamic behaviour. In the case of pure argon, the FFT and correlation calculation results of electrical signals exhibit the only characteristic frequency of 150 Hz, which originates from the torch power and is independent of any change in the operating conditions. It indicates that the nature of fluctuations in an argon plasma jet is mainly induced by the undulation of ...

2007-07-07

345

FFTF operations procedures preparation guide. Revision 2

Simulated atmospheric corrosion studies were performed to determine the corrosion protection provided by galvanized zinc coatings on depleted uranium, U-0.75 Ti alloy, and U-6 Nb alloys. The accelerated ASTM tests consisted of exposing the galvanized samples to aqueous and aqueous chloride environments. The test results showed that anodic protection was provided by the electronegative zinc coatings on uranium and uranium alloys. Treating zinc with chromate conversion coatings also provided more protection.

1985-01-27

346

The Guide is intended to provide guidelines for the initial preparation of FFTF Operating Procedures. The Procedures Preparation Guide was developed from the plan presented and approved in the FFTF Reactor Plant Procedures Plan, PC-1, Revision 3.

1976-12-01

347

United ttsCos ur

The International Reference Preparation of Erythropoietin*

... floppy diskette message preparation - JANAP 128 and DD173 message preparation ... S including JANAP 128, DD173, and ACP 126. ...

2011-05-05

348

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization authorized the National Institute for Medical Research to establish an International Reference Preparation of Erythropoietin on the basis of the...Full Text Available

1966-01-01

349

SOLID STATE RESEARCH OF THE APPLIED PHYSICS ...

Preparation of covalently modified organic-inorganic composite nanoparticles and their interfacial electron transfer researches

... 10 TIN TELLURIDE Preparation of Tin Telluride Single Crystals ..... 12 ... TIN TELLURIDE Preparation of Tin Telluride Single Crystals ...

1962-07-16

350

Method for preparing thermally cleavable surfactants without deprotonation

Preparation of covalently modified organic-inorganic composite nanoparticles and their interfacial electron transfer researches

1998-01-01

351

Grit-Blast/Silane (GBS) Aluminum Surface Preparation for ...

The present invention describes surfactants of formula (I), ##STR00001## wherein R, R.sub.N, and m are defined herein, processes for their preparation, and methods for their decomposition.

2008-05-27

352

Exploration of Cold Extrusion for the Preparation of Enteric Minitablets of Isoniazid

... GRIT-BLAST/SILANE (GBS) ... GRIT-BLAST/SILANE (GBS) ALUMINUM SURFACE PREPARATION FOR STRUCTURAL ADHESIVE BONDING 5b. ...

2003-04-30

353

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The objective of the present work was to formulate the enteric minitablets of isoniazid by cold extrusion method. The minitablets were prepared using isoniazid, hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose phthalate...Full Text Available

2008-05-01

354

Defense.gov News Article: Task Force Prepares for Horn of ...

Advanced Technological Education Program: 1999 Awards and Activities

... After the task force deploys, Joint Forces Command interacts ... and what needs tweaking to better prepare future headquarters staffs, Mungus ...

355

{sup 13}C-NMR signal enhancement by using parahydrogen induced polarization (PGIP) and appropriate pulse sequences

... By developing and disseminating educational materials and curricula, supporting the preparation and ... education, such as curriculum or educational materials development, faculty or teacher preparation ...

356

Usefulness of CT colonography in the preoperative evaluation of patients with distal occlusive colorectal carcinoma

No abstract prepared.

2009-07-01

357

Use of cozilat preparation as enteral nutrition for patients with late radiation injuries of colon

No abstract prepared.

2002-02-15

358

Ultraviolet dosimetry characterization from calcium doped borate glass-ceramic

Short note.

1988-06-28

359

Twin Cities Army Ammunition Plant soil vapor extraction system : a post-audit modeling study.

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

360

Transformation of sulfur-containing organometallic complexes by free radicals formed in radiolysis of organic compounds

No abstract prepared.

2000-11-27

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

361

The sputtering deposition - CdTe/(Si, Gaas, Al{sub 2}O{sub 3})

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

362

The progression from ionic to covalent bonding in disordered systems as studied by using neutron diffraction

No abstract prepared

1996-12-31

363

The non-equivalence between non-Abelian self-dual and Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons models

No abstract prepared

1998-12-31

364

The human melanocyte: A model system to study the complexity of cellular aging and transformation in non-fibroblastic cells

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

365

The coordination chemistry of technetium and rhenium and applications to nuclear medicine. Final report

No abstract prepared.

2002-05-23

366

Testing a passive revegetation approach for restoring coastal plain depression wetlands

No abstract prepared.

1996-12-31

367

Temporal Fluctuations of Fluorescence Energy Transfer between TwoDyes Conjugated to a Single Protein

No abstract prepared.

2006-01-01

368

TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT DIELECTRIC MEASUREMENTS OF POLYACRYLONITRILE FIBERS DURING AIR OXIDATION (Paper)

No abstract prepared.

1999-01-04

369

Synthesis and structure of the (tetrahydroxy)oligosiloxane [(tBuO)3SiOSi(OH)2]2O

No abstract prepared.

2004-01-26

370

Study on the ageing process of the proportional counters; Badanie mechanizmu starzenia licznikow proporcjonalnych

No abstract prepared.

2000-01-25

371

Study of the Form Factor of the Proton in the Timelike Region for Large Momentum Transfers

No abstract prepared

1998-12-31

372

Study of nuclear fusion materials making use of ion irradiation and ESR microscope

No abstract prepared.

2001-01-01

373

Studies of {eta} production in proton proton collisions with the time of flight spectrometer

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

374

Steam turbines for biomass power plants; Dampfturbinen fuer Biomasse-Kraftwerke

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

375

Status of the analysis of the (vector)pp {yields} pp{gamma} reaction channel

No abstract prepared.

2003-11-01

376

Stability of the ClO dimer; Stabilitaet des ClO-Dimers

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

377

Spent fuel sabotage aerosol ratio test program:status update, November 2004.

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

378

Spent fuel sabotage aerosol ratio test program : progress & status, May 2004.

No abstract prepared.

2004-11-01

379

Spent fuel sabotage aerosol ratio program : status, May 2005.

No abstract prepared.

2004-05-01

380

Speciation of metals in medicinal plants under different stress condition by HPLC-ICP-MS

No abstract prepared.

2005-05-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

381

Small Angle Neutron Scattering and Calorimetric Studies of Large Unilamellar Vesicles of the Phospholipid Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

382

Slide Rule for Rapid Response Estimation of Radiological Dose from Criticality Accidents

No abstract prepared.

1999-03-01

383

Singlet-to-triplet ratio in the deuteron breakup reaction pd{yields}pnp at 585 MeV

No abstract prepared.

1999-06-03

384

Shortwave transport in the cloudy atmosphere by anomalous/levy diffusion: New diagnostics using Forte Data

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

385

Short-term radon concentration measurements in Dwellings in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil

No abstract prepared.

2000-10-01

386

Search for magnetic rotation in {sup 202}Pb and {sup 203}Pb

No abstract prepared.

2010-07-01

387

Search for a quasi-bound {eta}-{sup 3}He state with the COSY-TOF spectrometer

No abstract prepared.

2000-07-24

388

STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THIN HYDROXYPROPYLCELLULOSE FILMS. X-RAY REFLECTIVITY STUDIES

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

389

SAXS studies of the injection molding effects on the nanostructure of polyesters. I. Polybutylene terephthalate (Pbt)

No abstract prepared.

2004-01-01

390

Reaction-diffusion effects on species mixing rates in turbulent premixed methane-air combustion

No abstract prepared.

2004-07-01

391

Radiative processes as a condensation phenomenon and the physical meaning of deformed canonical structures

No abstract prepared.

2009-06-01

392

Radiation processing used in forestry in Thailand

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

393

RESPONSE TO THE CHALLENGES OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE ON A SAFEGUARDS EQUIPMENT SUPPORT ORGANIZATION: DESIGN OF A PERFORMANCE-BASED TRAINING PROGRAM.

A summary is presented of research being carried out in Thailand on the preparation of irradiation-impregnated wood.

1981-01-01

394

Quality Assurance in Safeguards: Indonesian Document Control and Records Management System

No abstract prepared.

2000-07-16

395

Pulsations in the compression chamber, a potential cause of damage?; Pulsationen im Verdichtungsraum - eine potentielle Schadensursache?

No abstract prepared.

2010-07-01

396

Properties of Polyacrylonitrile/Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Composite Films Prepared in Nitric Acid

No abstract prepared.

2005-05-01

397

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity of the neodymium-doped TiO2 hollow spheres

Full Text Available

2005-06-01

398

Preparation of the Nano Cobalt Powder by Wet Chemical Reduction Method

Not Available

2010-10-01

399

Preparation of Porous Mullite Composites through Recycling of Coal Fly Ash

Full Text Available

2011-06-01

400

Preparation of Poly (acrylonitrile)/Poly (pyrrole) Composite and Its Mechanical Properties

Full Text Available

2010-03-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

401

Preparation of Activated Carbon Fiber-Ceramic Composites and Its Physical Properties

Full Text Available

1990-06-01

402

Preparation and Physicochemical Properties of Chitosan from Red Crab Waste-Shell

Full Text Available

1997-01-01

403

Phytochemical study of Tynanthus fasciculatus (Bignoniaceae); Estudo fitoquimico de Tynanthus fasciculatus (Bignoniaceae)

Full Text Available

2001-03-01

404

Phenomenological analysis of K{sup +}-meson production in proton-nucleus collisions

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

405

PROPERTIES AND PERFORMANCE OF CEMENT-BASED GROUTS FOR GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMP APPLICATIONS.

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

406

Optimized filtration enhances oil-injected compressors; Optimierte Filtration verbessert oeleingespritzte Kompressoren

No abstract prepared.

1999-09-30

407

Optimization of the spectator detector arrangement for the pn {yields} pn{eta}' measurements at COSY-11

No abstract prepared.

2009-09-14

408

Online monitoring of pollen - development of a novel technique and first results of field experiments

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

409

Oil-injected compressors for energy saving; Verlustarmes Schraubenprofil. Oeleingespritzte Kompressoren zum Energiesparen

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

410

Occult brain metastases in HER2-positive breast cancer patients: Frequency and response to radiotherapy

No abstract prepared.

2008-05-13

411

Obtainment of lanthanum oxide by fractionated precipitation method

No abstract prepared.

2007-10-15

412

Obsidian under fire: considering the role of raw material variation in obsidian hydration analysis

... ammonium compounds benzilic acid chemical preparation lanthanum oxides

1979-01-01

413

Novel Tetracycline Resistance Determinant Isolated from an Environmental Strain of Serratia marcescens

No abstract prepared.

2000-07-01

414

Novel Antidrugabuse Peptide

No abstract prepared.

2007-01-01

415

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Natural Biologically Active HLDF6 Peptide as Potential Preparation for Correction of Different Drugabuse Forms

416

Nitrogen accumulation in clays: solid-solution equilibrium and risk of gas generation

New paradigm : controlling initiation phase is necessary for optimization of wire-array z-pinch performance.

No abstract prepared.

2002-07-01

417

New applications for pumps without shaft seals; Neue Einsatzgebiete fuer wellendichtungslose Pumpen

No abstract prepared.

2008-08-01

418

NMR assignment of the cAMP-binding domain A of the PKA regulatory subunit

No abstract prepared.

2005-05-01

419

N=2 supersymmetric radiation damping in an external electromagnetic field, noncommutativity and duality

No abstract prepared.

2006-12-15

420

Multi Canister Overpack (MCO) Topical Report [SEC 1 and 2

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

421

Morphology and Properties of Polyacrylonitrile/Na-MMT Nanocomposites Prepared via in-situ Polymerization with Macroazoinitiator

No abstract prepared.

1999-12-16

422

Modernization concepts for older steam turbines. Economic advantages; Modernisierungskonzepte fuer aeltere Dampfturbinen. Wirtschaftliche Vorteile

Full Text Available

2006-06-01

423

Micro-Fabricated Thin-Film Fuel Cells for Portable Power Requirements

No abstract prepared.

2003-10-20

424

Measurement of W-Boson Helicity Fractions in Top-Quark Decays Using costheta*

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-21

425

Magnetic properties of single crystalline RE{sub 2}PdSi{sub 3} intermetallic compounds

No abstract prepared.

2008-11-01

426

MPIRSPT : a parallelized all-electron DFT program for lanthanide and actinide calculations.

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

427

METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING DERIVATIVE, COMPOUND LIBRARY AND METHOD FOR PREPARING THE SAME AND METHOD FOR SCREENING

No abstract prepared.

2008-08-01

428

J-STORE (Japan)

Full Text Available

2006-04-28

429

Luminosity determination at COSY-11 using the proton-deuteron elastic scattering

Lipid Compositions Changes of Seasoned Pork Prepared with Medicinal Plant Extracts During Storage

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

430

LLNL inductrack progress report - February 99 through November 99

Full Text Available

2007-12-01

431

Iron in cookies prepared with fortified flour

No abstract prepared.

2000-03-08

432

Investigations and development of gaseous radiation detectors; Badania i rozwoj konstrukcji gazowych detektorow promieniowania

... Italy) Istituto Superiore di Sanita (Italy) 207 p. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

2009-04-01

433

Investigation of the pp {yields} nK{sup +}{sigma}{sup +} reaction

No abstract prepared

1998-12-31

434

Introduction of air pollution abatement measures in Germany; Einfuehrung von Klimaschutzmassnahmen in Deutschland

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

435

Induced deformation of the canonical structure and UV/IR duality in (1 + 1)D

No abstract prepared

1998-12-31

436

Individually adapted examination protocols for reduction of radiation exposure in chest CT

No abstract prepared.

2008-07-01

437

Identifying Contributing Degradation Phenomena in PEM Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assemblies Via Electron Microscopy

No abstract prepared.

2002-02-01

438

INTERRUPTED-GROWTH STUDIES OF THE SELF-ASSEMBLY OF INTRINSICALLY ACENTRIC SILOXANE-DERIVED MONOLAYERS

No abstract prepared.

2006-10-01

439

Histological analysis of hyaluronic acid and decorin in solid subcutaneous walker 256 rat carcinoma

No abstract prepared.

2003-01-01

440

High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of {gamma}-ray irradiated solid parahydrogen

No abstract prepared.

1998-07-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

441

High-Performance SPICE Development Including an Analytical Transient Photocurrent BJT Model

No abstract prepared.

2002-09-01

442

High resolution line shapes of weak autoionizing resonances identified through fluorescence from the satellite states of Ar+

No abstract prepared.

2000-08-01

443

HIGH ORDER STATISTICAL SIGNATURES FROM SOURCE-DRIVEN MEASUREMENTS OF SUBCRITICAL FISSILE SYSTEMS

No abstract prepared.

1997-07-01

444

Geothermal progress monitor. Special supplement: proceedings of the geothermal program review

No abstract prepared.

1998-04-01

445

Gas sensing properties of polyacrylonitrile/metal oxide nanofibrous mat prepared by electrospinning

Separate abstracts were prepared for individual papers. (MHR)

1982-01-01

446

GaAs/(ordered) GaInP2 Heterostructures under Pressure and HighMagnetic Fields

Full Text Available

2008-07-01

447

Fresh air for the whole industry; Frischer Wind auf breiter Front

No abstract prepared.

1998-09-01

448

Fixed constituents of Bauhinia acuruana Moric; Constituintes fixos de Bauhinia acuruana Moric

No abstract prepared.

2010-06-15

449

First-principles investigation of Co wires at Pt(111) step-edges

No abstract prepared.

2010-07-01

450

First results of {pi}{sup 0}-{eta} mixing angle measurement

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

451

FAST FLUX TEST FACILITY (FFTF) FINAL SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORT AMENDMENT 83

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

452

Extended sectors of utilization by an advanced engineering. Utilization of wind power; Erweiterte Einsatzgebiete durch moderne Technik. Windenergienutzung

No abstract prepared.

2003-11-20

453

Exploring changes in solar model physics to mitigate the solar abundance problem

No abstract prepared.

2010-07-01

454

Enhanced ion charge states in vacuum arc plasmas using a 'current spike' method

No abstract prepared.

2008-01-01

455

Enhanced and multiplexed detection via a novel RCA-aptamer based sensing system

No abstract prepared.

1999-07-01

456

Energy dependence of the pp {yields} ppK{sup +}K{sup -} total cross section close to threshold

No abstract prepared.

2006-09-06

457

Elemental content determination in leaves and extracts of Casearia medicinal plant by neutron activation analysis

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

458

Electric cars. A reality for Ireland. Partnership of the Irish Government, ESB and Renault-Nissan

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

459

Effects of season and body condition score on lipid metabolism and oxidative status of periparturient dairy cows

No abstract prepared.

2010-05-31

460

Effects of extracts of medicinal plants in the parasitaemia of Trypanosoma cruzi and in the biodistribution of the technetium-{sup 99m}

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

461

Effects of Coulomb and kaon nuclear potentials on soft K{sup +} production from nuclei

No abstract prepared.

2008-10-15

462

Effect of the medicinal plant Echinacea purpurea on the bioavailability of the radiopharmaceutical {sup 99M}TC-sodium pertechnetate

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

463

ESR spectroscopy of intermediate products of water radiolysis; Spektroskopia EPR produktow posrednich radiolizy wody

No abstract prepared.

2008-10-15

464

Domain Bridging Interactions. A Necessary Contribution to the Function and Structure of 'Escherichia coli' Aspartate Transcarbamoylase

No abstract prepared

1998-12-31

465

Discontinuous Galerkin Finite Element Method applied to the 1-D Spherical Neutron Transport Equation

No abstract prepared.

2001-01-01

466

Diagnostic Analysis of Silicon Photovoltaic Modules after 20--Year Field Exposure

No abstract prepared.

2005-11-07

467

Development of chemical separation in gas phase for heavy actinide and trans-actinide elements

No abstract prepared.

2000-09-25

468

Development of a dual serial-parallel multiphase CFD code for application to industrial combustor/reactor systems.

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

469

Determination of metals in medicinal plants and soil from Amazon area by neutron activation analysis and ICP-MS

No abstract prepared.

2000-05-16

470

Decomposition of tar in pyrolysis gas by partial oxidation and thermal cracking. Part 2

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

471

Decay studies of rare-earth isotopes produced in the proton-induced fission

No abstract prepared

1998-12-31

472

DISCRETE SIMULATION OF REACTIVE AND NON-REACTIVE FLOW WITH LATTICE GAS AUTOMATA (LGA)

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

473

Cryogenic heat pipe-target with aluminum condenser for the COSY-TOF experiment

No abstract prepared.

2000-01-01

474

Corrosion protection of onshore and offshore wind power systems; Korrosionsschutz von Windenergieanlagen Onshore and Offshore

No abstract prepared.

2002-03-01

475

Contribution to the radiation preparation of wood-plastic materials. Pt. 7

No abstract prepared.

2003-07-01

476

Contribution to the radiation preparation of wood-plastic materials. Pt. 6

... odd nuclei organic compounds radiation effects radioisotopes synthesis

1974-01-01

477

Contribution to the radiation preparation of wood-plastic materials Pt. 3

... compounds polymers polyolefins polyvinyls radiation effects SYNTHESIS.

1974-01-01

478

Construction of REpower 5M; Errichtung der REpower 5M

... compounds plants radiation effects radioisotopes reaction kinetics trees

1974-01-01

479

Conduct of Operations Applicability Matrix for CMELS Low Hazard Facilities at LLNL Site 200

No abstract prepared.

2004-07-01

480

Conduct of Operations Applicability Matrix for CMELS Light Science and Industry and General Industry Facilities at LLNL Site 200

No abstract prepared.

2008-04-22

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

481

Computational analysis of candidate intron regulatory elements for tissue-specific alternative pre-mRNA splicing

No abstract prepared.

2008-04-22

482

Commentary on: Molecular basis for discriminating between normaland damaged bases by the human alkyladenine glycosylase, AAG

No abstract prepared.

2001-04-01

483

Climate change adaptation in coastal zones: Improving decision-making to support management strategies

No abstract prepared.

2001-03-05

484

Chemical and biological aspects of an arabinogalactan from the medicinal herb Phyllanthus niruri (quebra-pedra)

No abstract prepared.

2009-02-01

485

Charge station for electric cars; Ladestation versorgt Elektroautos einheitlich mit Strom

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

486

Central flat ventilation - an unfinished technology; Zentrale Wohnungslueftung - eine unfertige Technologie?

No abstract prepared.

2010-10-04

487

Building LAMMPS data files with car/mdf files and the msi2lmp utility.

No abstract prepared.

2003-10-01

488

Biocontrol Agents of Crops Diseases

No abstract prepared.

2010-03-01

489

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Scale up of Technology for Production and Application of Rhizobacteria-Based Preparations as Biocontrol Agents of Crop Diseases

490

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY IN THE GLOBAL PARALLEL OCEAN PROGRAM; CONNECTIONS WITH CLIMATE-RELEVANT TRACE GASES

Application of model-based method to measurement of radwaste from nuclear fuel processing

No abstract prepared.

2000-09-19

491

Antioxidant Characteristics and Preparation of Chocolate Added with Sochungryong-Tang (Oriental Medicinal Plants Extract)

No abstract prepared

1998-01-01

492

Akt interacts directly with Smad3 to regulate the sensitivity to TGF-beta-induced apoptosis

Full Text Available

2005-10-01

493

Admissible representations and characters of the affine superalgebras osp(1,2) and sl(2/1)

No abstract prepared.

2004-04-12

494

Adaptation to climate change in coastal zones: An analysis of the interventions to safeguard Venice and its lagoon

No abstract prepared.

1998-07-01

495

A numerical analysis of reaction-diffusion effects on species mixing rates in turbulent premixed methane-air combustion

No abstract prepared.

2009-02-01

496

3D Multispecies Nonlinear Perturbative Particle Simulations of Collective Instabilities in Intense Particle Beams

No abstract prepared.

2009-05-01

497

2004 Rock Deformation Gordon Conference - August 8-12, 2004

No abstract prepared.

2000-01-21

498

'Seaflow Energy from the sea; 'Seaflow' Energie aus dem Meer

No abstract prepared.

2004-08-08

499

'Blue sky upon the Lausitz'; 'Blauer Himmel ueber der Lausitz'

No abstract prepared.

2004-03-01

500