Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The entrapment of proteins using the sol-gel route provides a means to retain its native properties and artificially reproduce the molecular crowding and confinement experienced by proteins in the cell allowing investigation of the physico-chemical and structural properties of biomolecules at the biotic/abiotic interface. The biomolecules are spatially separated and 'caged' in the gel structure but solutes can freely permeate the matrix. Thus, properties such as the folding of ensembles of individual molecules can be examined in the absence of aggregation effects that can occur in solution studies. Green fluorescent protein from Aequorea coerulescens was used as a model protein to examine the unfolding/re-folding properties of protein in silica gels. The recombinant protein was isolated and purified from Escherichia coli extracts by cell lysis, three-phase partitioning, dialysis, and anion exchange chromatography. The purity of the protein was ...

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Formaldehyde, a well-identified indoor pollutant, was recently classified as carcinogenic. New regulations for the air quality are expected and therefore there is a need for low-cost sensors, sensitive and selective with a fast response time for the detection of formaldehyde at ppb level. In the present work, we had developed a chemical sensor based on nano-porous matrices doped with Fluoral-P and optical methods of detection. The nano-porous matrices, elaborated via the Sol-Gel process, display nano-pores whose cavity is tailored for the trapping of the targeted pollutant. They provide a first selectivity with the discrimination of the pollutants by their size. A second selectivity is obtained with a molecular probe, Fluoral-P, which reacts specifically with formaldehyde leading to the 3,5- di-acetyl-1,4-dihydro-lutidine (DDL). The kinetics of formation of DDL was studied as function of many parameters ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this work, a new sol-gel auto-combustion method has been performed to synthesize single phase nickel ferrite nanocrystalline powders by using n-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, as a cationic surfactant. The gels were prepared from ferric and nickel nitrates and citric acid. Ammonia was used as pH adjusting agent as well. The effects of the surfactant on the after combustion calcination process and the reduction of the resulting powder crystallite size which affects the magnetic properties of the material were investigated by XRD and DTA/TGA techniques. The results showed that the ignition of the gels in air have a self-propagating behavior. Addition of surfactant to the starting solution affected the crystallite size of the synthesized powders and their phase constitution. The crystallit...

Science.gov (United States)

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Mullite long fibres, which are a candidate for high temperature applications were prepared by sol-gel method from water solvent systems. They were synthesized from three different combinations of raw materials as follows: (1):Al(O{sub 1}C{sub 3}H{sub 7}){sub 3}, Al-nitrate and Si(OC{sub 2}H{sub 5}){sub 4} (TEOS), (2):Al metal, Al-chloride and TEOS, (3):Al metal, Al-nitrate and TEOS. In the methods (1) and (2), very fine SiO{sub 2} aerosol particles were also used partially replacing TEOS. The prepared solutions were condensed and examined the spinability by a hand drawing method. Dense and crack free mullite fibres were prepared from the methods (1) and (3) by firing up to 1100 C. Whereas the fibres prepared from the method (2) were less SiO{sub 2} than mullite composition and were porous by the firing due to evaporation of residual Cl ions at high temperature. (orig.) 10 refs.

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The catalytic oxygen transfer properties of vanadium containing zeolites and vanadium based sol-gel catalysts with hydrogen peroxides are well known. The severe problem of vanadium leaching caused by the presence of the by-product water has been addressed. To avoid any interference with homogeneously catalyzed reactions, our study focusses on selective oxidations in a moisture-free medium with tert.-butylhydroperoxide. We have investigated the catalytic properties of amorphous microporous materials based on SiO{sub 2}, TiO{sub 2}, ZrO{sub 2} and Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} as matrix material and studied the effects of surface polarity on the oxidation of 1-octene and cyclohexane. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The physical, chemical and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys make them attractive materials for automotive and aerospace applications. However, these materials are susceptible to corrosion and wear. This work discusses the potential of using sol-gel based coatings consisting of ZrO_2 and 15 wt.% of CeO_2. The CeO_2 component provides enhanced corrosion protection, while ZrO_2 impart corrosion as well as wear resistance. Coating deposition was performed by the dip coating technique on two magnesium alloy substrates with different surface finishes: AZ91D (as-casted, sand-blasted, and machined) and AZ31 (rolled and machined). All as-deposited coatings (xerogel coatings) were then subjected to 10 h annealing: a temperature of 180 C was applied to the AZ91D alloy and 140 C to the AZ31 alloy. Morphological and structural properties of the annealed coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force ...

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SiO{sub 2}, TiO{sub 2} and AlO(OH) powders obtained by the sol-gel method were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The mass-radius relation was used to determine the fractal dimensions from the images. These fractal dimensions were corrected in order to obtain the powder fractal dimensions. The results indicate a good fractal behavior and high fractal dimensions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Y{sub 2-x}Tb{sub x}SiO{sub 5} and Y{sub 2-x}Eu{sub x}SiO{sub 5} nanophosphors with seven different kinds of silicate sources were synthesized by sol-gel method. The structures have been investigated to be composed of nanometer-size grains of 30-60 nm through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to compare the different morphology of patterns from seven different silicon sources. The photoluminescence of Y{sub 2-x}Tb{sub x}SiO{sub 5} was investigated as a function of silicate sources and the results revealed that these nanometer materials showed the characteristic emission {sup 5}D{sub 4} {yields} {sup 7}F{sub J} (J 6, 5, 4, 3) of Tb ions. The characteristic emission {sup 5}D{sub 0} {yields} {sup 7}F{sub J} (J = 1, 2, 4) of Eu ions was also found in the materials of Y{sub 2-x}Eu{sub x}SiO{sub 5}.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nano-sized zinc oxide was synthesized and deposited onto cellulosic fibers using the sol-gel process at ambient temperature. The prepared materials were characterized using several techniques including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. X-ray diffraction studies of the ZnO-coated fiber indicate formation of the hexagonal crystal phase which was satisfactory crystallized on the fiber surface. The electron micrographs show formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles within 10-15 nm in size which have been homogeneously dispersed on the fiber surface. The prepared materials show significant photocatalytic self-cleaning activity, which was monitored by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photoactivity was studied upon measuring the photodegradation of methylene blue and eosin yellowish under UV-Vis irradiation. The ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this project, nanocrystalline SnO2 powders were successfully prepared by (a) citrate sol-gel and (b) direct precipitation methods. Powders were characterized using thermal analysis techniques (DTA-TG-DSC), X-ray powder Diffraction (XRD), surface area (BET) and electrical conductivity measurements. XRD patterns showed the presence of the cassiterite structure. SnO2 particles, prepared through sol-gel method exhibit crystallite sizes in the range from 3.1 to 22.3 nm when the gel is heat treated at different temperatures up to 900?C. SnO2 nanocrystallites prepared by the precipitation method are comparatively larger in size. The higher specific surface area was obtained for the powder prepared using sol-gel method and the obtained average grain size (d) is relatively large compared with th...

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In order to study the effects of microwaves on chemical reactions equipment was designed to acquire in-situ vibrational spectra of sol-gel components as they are irradiated with microwaves. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy were used. A low temperature (10K) FTIR cell was used to trap samples in an argon matrix at 10{sup -7} Torr. For the liquid samples no differences were seen in spectra of irradiated and nonirradiated samples, but the argon matrix isolation technique showed dramatic differences.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this research a sol-gel auto-combustion route has been proposed to synthesize strontium hexaferrite nanopowder, using metal nitrates, ammonia as pH adjusting agent, n-decyltrimethylammonium bromide as a cationic surfactant and different fuels such as citric acid, glycine, acetylacetone and oxalic acid. The formation temperature of strontium hexaferrite and its crystallite size in presence of different fuels were compared together. The results showed the lowest formation temperature as well as the smallest crystallite size in the presence of citric acid as 900degreeC and 37.3nm respectively.

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The addition of carbon to samples, during imaging, presents a barrier to accurate TEM analysis, the controlled deposition of hydrocarbons by a focused electron beam can be a useful technique for local nanometer-scale sculpting of material. Here we use hydrocarbon deposition to form nanopores from larger focused ion beam (FIB) holes in silicon nitride membranes. Using this method, we close 100-200nm diameter holes to diameters of 10nm and below, with deposition rates of 0.6nm per minute. I-V characteristics of electrolytic flow through these nanopores agree quantitatively with a one dimensional model at all examined salt concentrations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lithium-ion batteries are becoming more and more important not only for portable electronic devices, but also in prevision of high power electric vehicles. In such an optic, deep studies regarding all the components of a secondary battery are in development. In this study, high voltage cathode materials have been selected. Crystals with spinel structure have a 3D vacancy pathway suitable for Li-ions transport. The material under study was LiNi{sub 0.5}Mn{sub 1.5}O{sub 4} doped with magnesium replacing the nickel. Various samples were synthesized via three different routes: a solid-state method, a modified sol-gel method and a xerogel method. The structure and morphology of the powders were analyzed with HRTEM and XRD. Electrochemical tests were also performed. A wide range of particle sizes (from micro to nanosize) was the result of the different synthesis routes. Unfortunately pure materials were not ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nano-materials in which a large fraction of atoms resides within a few atomic layers near the surface can be designed to have novel properties by manipulating their surface parameters. We show that the effective elastic constants of nano-porous/cellular materials can be made to exceed those of the parent materials provided the pore surface elastic parameters satisfy certain conditions. These stiff nano-porous materials herald a radical breakthrough in sandwich-type construction.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising source of power generation in terms of conversion efficiency which is higher than the conventional one, as it is not limited by the Carnot efficiency. Theoretically, the SOFC have an efficiency of the order of 60-80 % but it is limited by the number of active side available for the reaction i.e. TPB (triple phase boundary) at the electrode-electrolyte interface which depends on the particle size of the materials employed during the fabrication of SOFC components (i.e. the method employed during the synthesis). Literally, there are several methods used in the syntheses of oxide materials such as conventional solid-state reaction, co-precipitation, hydrothermal rout, sol-gel and Glycine nitrate process (GNP) but among these GNP found to be effective over the other because of homogeneity, phase purity and smaller particle size of final product. In this work, the Nano-crystalline ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new thin film manufacturing method is established to add a function to glass material surface, as a new material technology which harmonizes with global environment, and is suitable for resource re-utilization and energy conservation. It is intended to develop a leading technology to promote recycling of colored glasses by applying this technical method to colored glasses. Fiscal 1998 has implemented subsequently to fiscal 1997 the following subjects in the three research items composed of a new manufacturing method of functional thin films, application of the functional thin films to colored glasses, and the comprehensive investigative studies: establishment of an industrial manufacturing method for color coating liquid and evaluation of basic characteristics of the colored functional thin films, optimization of element technology for photo-sensitive gel films by means of chemically modifying metallic alkoxide, tests of forming films on ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Fe-doped TiO2 hollow spheres (Fe-THs) were synthesized by sol?gel process using carbon spheres as templates. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV?vis diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS), N2 adsorption?desorption isotherms, Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and Photoluminescence emission spectroscopy (PL). UV?vis spectra showed that Fe3+ doping could extend the absorption edge to the visible region. EPR spectra showed that Fe3+ was incorporated into the crystal lattice of TiO2, which could inhibit the recombination of photo-induced electron?hole pairs and improve the photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared samples were evaluated for the degradation of dye Reactive Brillia...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A highly sensitive and stable tris(2,2prime-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+) electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor was developed based on carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersed in mesoporous composite films of sol-gel titania and perfluorosulfonated ionomer (Nafion). Single-wall (SWCNT) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) can be easily dispersed in the titania-Nafion composite solution. The hydrophobic CNT in the titania-Nafion composite films coated on a glassy carbon electrode certainly increased the amount of Ru(bpy)32+ immobilized in the ECL sensor by adsorption of Ru(bpy)32+ onto CNT surface, the electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of hydrophobic analytes, and the electronic conductivity of the composite films. Therefore, the present ECL sensor based on the CNT-...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silica glasses containing Pr"3"+ with and without CdS nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel technique. The influence of CdS nanoparticles on Pr"3"+ doped glass was studied by absorption, photoluminescence and up-conversion. From the measured intensities of various absorption bands of these glasses, the Judd-Ofelt parameters ?_2, ?_4 and ?_6 have been evaluated. The radiative transition probability (A), radiative lifetime (?_R), branching ratio (?_R) and integrated emission cross-section (?_P) were calculated from excited states of "3P_1 and "3P_0 levels. The up-conversion emissions were found in the green, orange and red regions under 800 nm excitation with peaks 559, 612 and 688 nm respectively. On excitation with 370 nm also leads to similar green, orange and red regions.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We have investigated the effect of manganese (Mn) doping on properties of nanosized biphasic calcium phosphate powders and their dense bodies. Manganese levels of 0.6, 1.3, 1.9, 4.3, 7.0 and 11.9at.% were successfully incorporated into biphasic calcium phosphate via a sol-gel route. The prepared powders were calcined at temperatures of 500-1200^oC. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that a mix phase comprising of hydroxyapatite and @b-tricalcium phosphate were present, however the content of each phases in the structure was affected by the Mn content. The studies found that the largest portion of @b-tricalcium phosphate was detected at 4.3at.% Mn doping. The incorporation of Mn has also greatly increased the crystallinity of the biphasic calcium phosphate powder due to progressive den...

Wastenet

... In recent years workers in this field have focused on nucleation by nano-porous materials . This was in part motivated by a theoretical study by Page and Sear (2006) who proposed a two step model for nucleation in pores which suggest that there is ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

When liquids are confined in nano-scopic dimensions, their properties differ from the corresponding bulk liquid, due to their reduced dimensionality and surface effects. Phase transition temperatures and pressures are often shifted from the bulk values and new phases can appear due to the strong interactions of the molecules with the confining walls. We have studied the structural and dynamical properties of aromatic liquids such as benzene, toluene, and ortho-terphenyl confined in nano-porous materials, MCM-41 and SBA-15, synthesized and characterized in our laboratory. A non-trivial dependence of the glass transition temperature, Tg, on the pore size and surface treatment of nano-porous materials is confirmed and interpreted as resulting from a competition between the fluid-wall and fluid-fluid intermolecular interactions. An increase of Tg is observed for small pore sizes and attractive surface while ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

To improve the photocatalytic application performances of TiO2, in this work, firstly CdS modified Degussa P25 TiO2 (CdS/TiO2) composites were prepared by two methods, sol-gel method and precipitation method. Next they, sol-gel-CdS/TiO2 (sg-CdS/TiO2) and precipitation-CdS/TiO2 (pp-CdS/TiO2), were loaded on activated carbon fibers (ACFs) by dip-coating method using the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as adhesives. The composites were characterized by XRD, UV-vis absorbance spectra, SEM, EDS and BET. The photocatalytic activities under sunlight were investigated by the degradation of methylene blue. The results showed that CdS/TiO2 composites were mainly composed of anatase-TiO2 and little CdS cubic phases. The absorption wavelengths of sg-CdS/TiO2 and pp-CdS/TiO2 composites were extended to ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The nanostructure Ni-doped CdO films have been prepared by sol gel spin coating method. Atomic force microscopy results indicate that the CdO films are formed from the nanoparticles and the grain size is changed with nickel content. X-ray diffraction patterns of the films indicate that the undoped and Ni-doped CdO films have polycrystalline structure with a cubic sodium chloride structure, showing two main characteristic peaks assigned to the (111) and (200) planes. The optical band gap values of undoped and Ni-doped CdO films were determined by optical absorption method. The Eg values of the CdO films were found to be in the range of 2.26?2.60?eV. The Eg values of the CdO films increase with the content of Ni dopant (up to 6% Ni). It is evaluated that the optical band gap and grain size o...

Science.gov (United States)

With the help of self-assembly, thermal sintering, selective etching techniques and sol-gel process, the non-close packed (ncp) face-centered cubic (fcc) photonic crystals of titanium dioxide (TiO2) hollow spheres connected by TiO2 cylindrical tubes have been fabricated using silica template. The photonic bandgap calculations indicate that the ncp structure of TiO2 hollow spheres was easier to open the pseudogaps than close packed system at the lowest energy. PMID:17097102

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Palladium silicide was formed on the sol-gel derived SiO2 supported Pd catalysts prepared by ion-exchange method (Pd/SiO2-SG-ion). However, the catalysts exhibited superior performances than commercial SiO2 supported ones in liquid-phase semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene. It was probably due to an inhibition of a product of styrene, which is adsorbed on the surface of Pd, more strongly on Pd/SiO2-SG in which Pd is electron-deficient as shown by larger binding energy from XPS results.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The sol-gel-immobilized Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) [Ru(bpy){sub 3} {sup 2+}] electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor was applied to the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination of phenothiazine derivatives (promazine, chlorpromazine, triflupromazine, thioridazine, and trifluoperazine) and erythromycin in human urine samples. In this method, Ru(bpy){sub 3} {sup 2+} was immobilized in sol-gel-derived titania (TiO{sub 2})-Nafion nanocomposite films coated on a dual platinum electrode. This method eliminates an extra pump needed for the delivery of Ru(bpy){sub 3} {sup 2+} reagent into a reaction/observation zone in front of photomultiplier tube because the immobilized-Ru(bpy){sub 3} {sup 2+} is recycled on the electrode surface by an applied potential at +1.3 V versus Ag/AgCl (3 M NaCl) reference electrode. The resulting analytical performances such as detection limit, working range, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A single particle micro-electrode technique has been applied, to study adsorption and mass transport phenomena of a TEABF{sub 4}/acetonitrile solution in a nano-porous carbon. The nano-porous carbon, which is obtained from SiC, has a very small and narrow pore size distribution around 8 Angstrom. Therefore, it is a good model material for studying adsorption processes in micropores. The results from cyclic voltammetry showed that a higher specific capacitance was obtained in the positive potential interval (vs Ag/AgNO{sub 3}). Upon activation cycling the mass transport inside the nano-porous particle becomes drastically hindered, probably by TEA{sup +} that is adsorbed and is partially blocking the micropores. Effective diffusion coefficients, Deff, were determined from potential step experiments. At positive potentials Deff was 1.5 {+-} 0.5 x 10{sup -8} cm{sup 2}s{sup -1}, whereas at more negative ...

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For the purpose of digging up themes of the joint research which develop the R and D in the industrial technology field in Japan to a new stage, researchers were sent to the world representing research institutes to conduct the research survey of 'Nano-structured carbon and hydrogen absorption' and 'Development of the creation technology of nano-porous materials.' As to the former, an experiment on electrochemical hydrogen absorption of carbon materials including nanotubes was conducted by researchers dispatched, but the large absorption amount was not observed. As to the latter, visits were paid to Fraunhofer Institute and the related facilities in Germany, Princeton University, MIT, GIT and Naval Research Laboratories in the U.S., Orleans University in France, AO Research Institute (bone repair study) in Switzerland, Cambridge University and University of Bristol in the U.K., etc., and ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Fluoroalkyl end-capped vinyltrimethoxysilane oligomer suffered the sol-gel reaction under alkaline conditions in the presence of titanium oxide nanoparticles in tetrahydrofuran to afford the corresponding fluorinated oligomer/titanium oxide nanocomposites[RF-(VM-SiO2)n-RF/TiO2] in excellent to moderate isolated yields. These fluorinated composites thus obtained were nanometer size-controlled fine particles, and exhibited good dispersibility and stability in traditional organic solvents except for water. These fluorinated nanocomposites were applied to the surface modification of glass to exhibit not only a completely superhydrophobic characteristic (a water contact angle: 180degree) with a non-wetting property against water droplets but also a good oleophobicity imparted by fluoroalkyl seg...

Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english Ru(1%)/SiO2 and Cu(1%)Ru(1%)/SiO2 catalysts were prepared by cogelation. The effect of pH and the amount of water on the physical-chemical properties and the catalytic properties of them were analyzed. The acid medium increased the formation of microporosity and the formation of small size of metallic ruthenium particle. The variation of the water quantity used in the gelation not modify considerably the texture neither the dispersion of the noble metal. The reduction lev (more) el of all prepared catalyst was similar, showing displacement in some of reduction peaks. The toluene hydrogenation indicated that the conversion and the quantity of hydrogenate product varied with the pH and the quantity of water used in the gelation. The addition of copper to Ru/SiO2 catalysts diminished the reactive conversion and their hydrogenant activity

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The use of standard cementitious material creates pulses of pH in the magnitude of 12-13 in the leachates and release alkalis. Such a high pH is detrimental and also unnecessarily complicates the safety analysis of the repository. As no reliable pH-plume models exist, the use of products giving a pH below 11 in the leachates facilitates the safety analysis. Also, according to current understanding, the use of low-pH cement (pH = 11) will not disturb the functioning of the bentonite, although limiting the amount of low-pH cement is recommended. A result of the project is that there are both low-pH cementitious material for grouting larger fractures (= 100 {mu}m) and non-cementitious material for grouting smaller fractures (< 100 {mu}m) that will, after further optimisation work, be recommended for grouting of deep repositories. This project concentrated on the technical development of properties for the low pH grouts. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An efficient method of hydrogen storage in nano-porous carbons is its reversible sorption by electrochemical decomposition of a KOH water solution according to the following equation: C + xH{sub 2}O + xe{sup -} {yields} (CH{sub x}) + xOH{sup -} where (CH{sub x}) stands for the hydrogen inserted into the nano-porous carbon during charging and oxidized during discharging. Although various carbon materials have been investigated as hydrogen adsorbents, the information about the storage mechanism as well as the nature of the hydrogen/carbon interaction is still not sufficient. In order to extend the understanding of the process, carbon samples charged electrochemically were investigated by temperature programmed desorption (TPD). The nature of the hydrogen/carbon interaction was studied by electrochemical analysis at different temperatures. The TPD experiments consist of heating the samples from room temperature to 950 C and of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There is increasing demand to functionalize meso- and nano-porous materials by coating and make the porous substrate biocompatible or environment friendly. However, coating on a meso-porous substrate poses great challenges, especially if the pore aspect ratio is high. In the current work the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method is used for coating Ni{sub 3}Al-based meso-porous membranes with diamond-like carbon (DLC) layers of high thickness homogeneity and adhesion. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A highly sensitive and stable tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)_3 "2"+) electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor was developed based on carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersed in mesoporous composite films of sol-gel titania and perfluorosulfonated ionomer (Nafion). Single-wall (SWCNT) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) can be easily dispersed in the titania-Nafion composite solution. The hydrophobic CNT in the titania-Nafion composite films coated on a glassy carbon electrode certainly increased the amount of Ru(bpy)_3 "2"+ immobilized in the ECL sensor by adsorption of Ru(bpy)_3 "2"+ onto CNT surface, the electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of hydrophobic analytes, and the electronic conductivity of the composite films. Therefore, the present ECL sensor based on the CNT-titania-Nafion showed improved ECL sensitivity for tripropylamine (TPA) compared to the ECL sensors based on both titania-Nafion composite films without CNT and pure ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Porous nanostructured LiFePO{sub 4} powder with a narrow particle size distribution (100-300nm) for high rate lithium-ion battery cathode application was obtained using an ethanol based sol-gel route employing lauric acid as a surfactant. The synthesized LiFePO{sub 4} powders comprised of agglomerates of crystallites <65nm in diameter exhibiting a specific surface area ranging from 8m{sup 2}g{sup -1} to 36m{sup 2}g{sup -1} depending on the absence or presence of the surfactant. The LiFePO{sub 4} obtained using lauric acid resulted in a specific capacity of 123mAhg{sup -1} and 157mAhg{sup -1} at discharge rates of 10C and 1C with less than 0.08% fade per cycle, respectively. Structural and microstructural characterization were performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis while electronic conductivity and specific surface area ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Single-electrode transient behavior was measured mainly during the discharging process for a model cell of electric double layer capacitor with nano-porous carbon electrodes and reference electrode. Apparent conductivity in the cell, which we call `effective conductivity,` is determined with approximation of current in transient behavior to a one-dimensional electrophoretic model. A comparison of effective conductivity with conductivity of bulk solution suggests an interesting mechanism of transfer of electrolyte ions. The difference in transient behavior between various electrolyte ions was not conspicuous in spite of distinctive differences in conductivity of each bulk solution. The large pore diameter of the carbon electrode results in rapid transient behavior and such an electrode should be suitable for rapid charge and discharge. The effect of origin of carbon electrode is found to be significant to bring considerable differences in discharge rate. However, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This report summarizes the findings of a five-month LDRD project funded through Sandia's NTM Investment Area. The project was aimed at providing the foundation for the development of advanced functional materials through the application of ultrathin coatings of microporous or mesoporous materials onto the surface of substrates such as silicon wafers. Prior art teaches that layers of microporous materials such as zeolites may be applied as, e.g., sensor platforms or gas separation membranes. These layers, however, are typically several microns to several hundred microns thick. For many potential applications, vast improvements in the response of a device could be realized if the thickness of the porous layer were reduced to tens of nanometers. However, a basic understanding of how to synthesize or fabricate such ultra-thin layers is lacking. This report describes traditional and novel approaches to the growth of layers of ...

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Silver silica nanocomposites were obtained by the sol-gel technique using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and silver nitrate (AgNO{sub 3}) as precursors. The silver nitrate concentration was varied for obtaining composites with different nanoparticle sizes. The structural and microstructural properties were determined by x-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) studies were done for determining the chemical states of silver in the silica matrix. For the lowest AgNO{sub 3} concentration, monodispersed and spherical Ag crystallites, with an average diameter of 5 nm, were obtained. Grain growth and an increase in size distribution was observed for higher concentrations. The occurrence of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) bands and their evolution in the size range 5-10 nm is studied. For decreasing nanoparticle size, a redshift and broadening of the ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Ferroelectric barium strontium titanate (Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3)(BST) thin films have been prepared from barium 2-ethylhexanoate [Ba[CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CO2]2], strontium 2-ethylhexanoate [Sr[CH3(CH2)3CH(C2H5)CO2]2] and titanium(IV) isopropoxide [TiOCH(CH3)2]4 precursors using a modified sol-gel technique. The precursor except [TiOCH(CH3)2]4 were synthesized in the laboratory. Transparent and crack-free films were fabricated on pre-cleaned quartz substrates by spin coating. The structural and optical properties of films annealed at different temperatures have been investigated. The as-fired films were found to be amorphous that crystallized to the tetragonal phase after annealing at 550degreeC for 1h in air. The lattice constants "a" and "c" were found to be 3.974A and 3.990A, respectively. The grain...

CERN Document Server

A cost effectively method to fabricate nanopores in silicon by only using the conventional wet-etching technique is developed in this research. The main concept of the proposed method is a two-step etching process, including a premier double-sided wet etching and a succeeding track-etching. A special fixture is designed to hold the pre-etched silicon wafer inside it such that the track-etching can be effectively carried out. An electrochemical system is employed to detect and record the ion diffusion current once the pre-etched cavities are etched into a through nanopore. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method can cost effectively fabricate nanopores in silicon.

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Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been a very powerful tool to study nanoscale (1-100 nm) bulk structures in various materials such as polymer, self assembled materials, nano-porous materials, nano-magnetic materials, metal and ceramics. Understanding the importance of the SANS instrument, the 8m SANS instrument was installed at the CN beam port of HANARO in 2001. However, without having a cold neutron source, the beam intensity is fairly low and the Q-range is rather limited due to short instrument length. In July 1, 2003, therefore, the HANARO cold neutron research facility project was launched and a state of the art 40m SANS instrument was selected as top-priority instrument. The development of the 40m SANS instrument was completed as a joint project between Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and the HANARO in 2010. Here, we report the specification of a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nano-particles of CeO{sub 2} with the smallest average particle size (18.7 nm) and spherical morphology were obtained from a mixture solution of Ce(NO{sub 3}){sub 3}{center_dot}6H{sub 2}O, citric acid, polyvinyl alcohol by an auto-combustion process exploiting sol-gel as precursors. The course of size control and shape control by polyvinyl alcohol was examined in detail. A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and an atomic force microscopy (AFM) were employed to characterize the particle-size and morphology of CeO{sub 2} particles. In addition, a sort of nano-metric solid acid SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/CeO{sub 2} based on CeO{sub 2} nano-particles was prepared by macerating, filtering, drying and calcining processes. The particle-size of SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/CeO{sub 2} was also assessed by TEM. The composition of SO{sub 4}{sup 2-}/CeO{sub 2} was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectra (IR). The influencing factors in the formation of SO{sub 4}{sup ...

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Thin solid films of CeO[sub 2] and mixed CeO[sub 2]-TiO[sub 2] were prepared by the sol-gel route via the dip-coating technique. Particulate sols of ceria were made from inorganic ((NH[sub 4])[sub 2]Ce(NO[sub 3])[sub 6]) precursor which were used for preparation of CeO[sub 2] thin solid films while CeO[sub 2]-TiO[sub 2] coatings have been made by using mixed organic-inorganic (Ti(OiPr)[sub 4] and CeCl[sub 3].7H[sub 2]O) precursors. The solar transmission values (T[sub s]) of both coatings are in the range 0.6-0.8 and depend on coating thickness. Cyclic voltammetric (CV) measurements show that the CeO[sub 2]/LiOH system exhibits higher overall electrochemical reversibility when compared to the CeO[sub 2]-TiO[sub 2]/LiOH system. The CeO[sub 2]/LiOH system is also less sensitive with regard to the coating thickness. Coulometric measurements show that CeO[sub 2] exhibits a larger storage capability which was determined as a function of the coating thickness. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Europium (Eu) ions-doped titanate nanowires were synthesized via a sol-gel-hydrothermal chemistry and they were found to be roll multilayered trititanate-type nanowires intercalated with Eu3+ and alkali ions. The average diameter was about 20 nm for nanowires synthesized in NaOH solution and about 10 nm for nanowires synthesized in KOH solution. Under ultraviolet excitation the nanowires showed bright red emission corresponding to 5D0-7Fj of Eu3+ ions at room temperature, which was attributed to the non-radiative energy transfer from the surrounding Ti-O octahedral nanosheets to the central Eu3+ ions in interlayer. The luminescent properties of nanowires were influenced by the type of co-intercalated alkali ions, doping degree, hydrothermal and annealing temperatures. The intensity ratio of 5D0-7F2 to 5D0-7F1 of titanate nanowires intercalated with Eu3+ and Na+ ions was higher than that of titanate nanowires intercalated with Eu3+ and K+ ions. The emission ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The formation of porous structures of nanometre size (nanoporous structures) on germanium (Ge) surfaces by focused ion beam (FIB) irradiations was investigated using various FIB conditions such as ion species, irradiation energies, total fluences, fluence rates, and incident angles. FIB-irradiated regions were observed using a scanning electron microscope and an atomic force microscope. It is found that, using a focused Ga ion beam (Ga FIB) at an energy of 100 keV, the irradiated Ge surface swelled up to ion fluence of 2 x 10"1"7 cm"-"2 with nanoporous structures and then was etched for larger fluences. The shape of swollen nanoporous structures depended on the fluence rate and the incident angle of the Ga FIB. However, such porous structures were observed neither for low-energy (15-30 keV) FIB irradiations using Si and Au ions nor for high-energy (200 keV), heavy ion (Au) irradiation. These observations might be helpful in ...

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Full text of publication follows: Energy and environment are two major concerns in our modern society due to the coming shortage in fossil energy sources and the growing of greenhouse gas emissions. The challenge for the coming years is to discover new energy resources and to develop devices that are compatible with a sustainable development and generate few (or zero) emission. One of these devices is the fuel cell feed by hydrogen, whose application fields are very large. In particular, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is the most realistic device for automotive application. However, hydrogen storage remains one of the most important challenges regarding its development. Although different techniques are available for storing hydrogen, no ideal solution has been found yet. Compression needs elaborated tanks in shape for supporting high pressures, liquefaction requires an expensive hydrogen cooling and adapted tanks. Chemical storage by hydrides imposes heavy devices. A ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AbstractA mechanism of how polyanions influence the channel formed by Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin is described. We demonstrate that the probability of several...Full Text Available

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Porous carbon with high surface area and pore volume was prepared by a reverse replication process and its toluene equilibrium adsorption behavior was investigated. The preparation process of the porous carbon was composed of following sub-processes in series: synthesis and template preparation of silica gel, impregnation and polymerization of DVB monomer in silica template, carbonization of DVB polymer in a silica-polymer composite, and HF-assisted selective etching of silica in carbon-silica composite, The prepared porous carbon was nano porous and had ultrahigh specific surface area (2007 m{sup 2}/g) and large pore volume (3.07cm{sup 3}/g). The nanoporous carbon showed rapid toluene adsorption rate and good toluene adsorption capacity, compared with a commercial Y-type zeolite, In the present study, a reverse replication process to prepare nanoporous carbons will be introduced and its application potential as a gas adsorbent will be ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Indium sulfide thin films consisting of porous network of nanoplatelets, have been deposited using chemical bath deposition (CBD) method onto the tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate. Aqueous solutions of indium sulfate and thioacetamide have been used as indium and sulfur precursors. As a complexing agent, acetic acid was used. The chemically deposited indium sulfide thin films were examined for their structural, surface morphological and optical characterizations. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of the cubic b-In2S3 onto the substrate. From scanning electron micrograph, it is observed that the surface of substrate is covered by nanoporous platelets type morphology. The optical studies showed a direct band gap of 2.84eV for indium sulfide platelets. Ph...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The structure of nano-porous carbon, obtained by means of chlorination of carbide compounds with various crystal structure (SiC, TiC, Mo_2C) is studied through the method of small-angle diffraction. The angular dependences of the scattering intensity obtained are interpreted as the result of scattering from the nanoparticles of different size. The functions of the scattering particles distribution by the m(R_g) inertia radii are determined. It is shown that in spite of the source carbide, the highest fraction of the volume in the porous carbon constitute the particles with R_g #approx# 5 A. The nanoparticles in the samples obtained from SiC, wherein the average value of the R_g"a"v < 6 A, are most uniform by size. The nanoparticles in the porous carbon, obtained from Mo_2C, are on the average by two times larger

CERN Document Server

The intrinsic decay rate of orthopositronium formed in SiO/sub 2/ powder is measured using the direct 2 gamma correction method such that the time dependence of the pick-off annihilation rate is precisely determined. The decay rate of orthopositronium is found to be 7.0396+or-0.0012(stat.)+or-0.0011(sys.)/ mu s/sup -1/, which is consistent with our previous measurements with about twice the accuracy. Results agree well with the O( alpha /sup 2/) QED prediction, and also with a result reported very recently using nanoporous film.

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

New Materials for Surgery

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this paper, multilayer oxide nanorods were deposited in the nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) via solution infiltration followed by heat treatment. The nanorods have a core-shell structure. First, the shell (nanotube) with the thickness of about 40nm was made of TiO"2 through the hydrolysis of (NH"4)"2TiF"6. Second, silver nanoparticles with the diameter of about 3nm were added into the TiO"2 layer through thermal decomposition of AgNO"3 at elevated temperatures. Then, cylindrical cores (nanorods) of CoO and ZnO with 200nm diameter were prepared, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the structure and composition of the nanorods. UV-vis light absorption measurements in the wavelength range from 350 to...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Highly ordered arrays of Ni nanoholes and Fe20Ni80 antidots have been prepared, respectively, by replica/antireplica processing and sputtering techniques using nanoporous alumina membranes as templates. Geometrical characteristics as nanohole/antidot diameter, interpore distance and the overall hexagonal symmetry of arrays are controlled through the original templates. Experimental data on their hysteresis and magnetic domain structure have been taken by vibrating sample magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy, respectively. An analysis of the magnetization process, resulting magnetic anisotropy and magnetic domain structure is summarized considering the influence of those geometry aspects. In particular, the hexagonal symmetry and the density of nanohole/antidots determine the overall magnetic behavior, which is of interest in future high-density magnetic storage systems.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In situ synthesis of silver chloride (AgCl) nanoparticles was carried out under ambient conditions in nanoporous bacterial cellulose (BC) membranes as nanoreactors. The growth of the nanoparticles was readily obtained by alternating dipping of BC membranes in the solution of silver nitrate or sodium chloride followed by a rinse step. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated the existence of AgCl nanoparticles in the BC and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the AgCl nanoparticles well dispersed on the surface of BC and penetrated into the BC network. The AgCl nanoparticle-impregnated BC membranes exhibited high hydrophilic ability and strong antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive). The preparative proced...

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Enthalpy relaxation properties of the ethylene glycol (EG) aqueous solutions confined within silica-gel void spaces of 1.1 nm in the average void thickness and 6, 12 and 52 nm in their average diameters were examined by an adiabatic calorimetry to understand the glass transition behavior of the solutions and the rearrangement processes of the molecules. The glass transition temperature Tg of EG was found to decrease with adding the water molecules which are mobile under the condition lacking in the full hydrogen-bond network. Meanwhile, the Tg in the water-rich region showed a rise towards pure water; after a phase separation in a 25 mol% (x = 0.25) EG solution, the Tg was 160 K which was higher than that derived by extrapolating the composition dependence to pure water. The Tg = 160 K is the same as observed in the pure water confined within 1.1 nm voids; this indicates the validity of the interpretation that the glass transition at 160 K of the confined water originates from the ...

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... Materials (PREM) Synopsis of Program: The objective of PREM is to enhance diversity in materials ... careers in materials research.The Partnerships for Research and Education in Materials (PREM ...

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... Materials Research - Major Instrumentation Project (IMR-MIP) program in the Division of Materials ... for materials preparation and characterization essential for researchers studying materials in a ...

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... Materials Development Program TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Elementary - High School ... of technology education materials through its Instructional Materials Development (IMD) program. The ...

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Materials World Network: Cooperative Activity in Materials Research between US Investigators and ... Program Title: Materials World Network: Cooperative Activity in Materials Research between US ...

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This definitive reference is organized in an easy-to-follow format based on materials properties. It features new and existing data verified through major professional societies in the materials fields, such as ASM International and the American Ceramic Society. The third edition has been significantly expanded, most notably by the addition of new tabular material for a wide range of nonferrous alloys and various materials. The contents include: Structure of materials; Composition of materials; Phase diagram sources; Thermodynamic and kinetic data; Thermal properties of materials; Mechanical properties of materials; Electrical properties of materials; Optical properties of materials; Chemical properties of materials.

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... Schioler (703) 306-1836 lschiole@nsf.gov This material is available primarily for archival purposes ... of superconducting materials. Colossal magnetoresistance materials are those in which the electrical ...

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This book describes the uses, coatings, and fabrication of laser materials. Topics considered include: optical waveguide materials; optical storage materials; holographic recording materials; phase conjunction materials; holographic recording materials; phase conjunction materials; laser crystals; laser glasses; quantum counter materials; thin films and coatings; multilayer dielectric coatings; graded-index surfaces and films; optical materials fabrication; fabrication techniques; fabrication procedures for specific materials.

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Metal Matrix Composites on the Basis of Nano-Materials

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS MATERIALS SCIENCE chromium-nickel

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Development of Ceramic Composite Materials and Structural Elements for High-Temperature Nuclear Reactors

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A survey is given on the results in hand on the natural radioactivity of building materials. It is shown that only a small percentage of building materials has an increased content of radioactive materials. The results are compared with approximate values given in a Russian publication. (orig./AK).

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... materials science and education beyond what is expected from any one Center. "Advanced materials are ... for DMR's Division of Materials Research. "Fundamental research on materials is essential to the ...

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... Astronomy & Space Biology Chemistry & Materials Computing Earth & Environment Education ... Materials Research Center at the University of Chicago, one of nearly 30 NSF-supported Materials ...

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... of Award Costs (Schedule A), are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a ... support costs, materials and supplies, and the indirect costs. We found two material internal ...

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... s guides and "how-to" videos and other materials, and 7. Receive continuing support from GLOBE's ... and educational materials that result from international proposals in its materials and support ...

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As adulterated and substituted Chinese medicinal materials are common in the market, therapeutic effectiveness of such materials cannot be guaranteed. Identification at species-, strain- and locality-levels,...Full Text Available

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PMID:4317460

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... of new construction materials; and the behavior of infrastructure materials and structural ... polymers, reinforcing materials, wood and biodegradable structural materials; scale effects from ...

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... The Effect of the Temperature to Which the Material is Heated on the Process of Formation of Intermetallic Compounds in Magnetic Pulse Welding,. ...

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... and Security..........................13 Materials Science ... hybrid system theory, Internet analysis, materials science, mixing, physiology, iterative control ...

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Nanostructured Materials from Impulse Plasma in Liquid: Studying of Physical-Chemical Properties, Optimization of Conditions of Obtaining

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... Accession Number : ADD318302. Title : ELECTROMAGNETIC MATERIALS TESTING USING RL AND RC-MULTIVIBRATORS. Corporate Author : ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... aluminium 28 building materials cockcroft-walton accelerators copper copper

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A method using a focused ion beam (FIB) to prepare a silicon amorphous material is presented. The method involves the redeposition of sputtered material generated during the interaction of the Ga{sup +} ion beam with a silicon substrate material. The shape and dimensions of this amorphous material are self-organized and reproducible. The stability of this amorphous material under electron irradiation was investigated in the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electron irradiation can induce recrystallization of the amorphous material, resulting in the lateral and vertical growth, starting at an amorphous-crystalline interface, of polysilicon containing defects.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) in seven new type wall materials were surveyed. The radioactivity was determined with HPGe-#gamma# spectrometer. The red mud has the highest radioactivity concentration, followed by slag building blocks, fly-ash building blocks (bricks), gangue bricks and light weight board materials, gypsum blocks. Fly-ash and slag contain higher NORM, which contributes the major part of the radioactivity in new wall materials. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This chapter discusses the types of natural radioactive materials in the environment that include primordial natural radioactive materials such as K-40, U and Th, and daughters of their decay series. The discussion also includes secondary natural radioactive material generated through cosmic radiation interaction with nucleus of materials in the atmosphere. The dispersion of these radioactive materials to environment will also be part of the discussion. (Author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear forensics is a relatively new scientific branch whose aim it is to read out material inherent information from nuclear material. On the basis of material taken in safe-keeping in Germany, the procedure is illustrated and the limits and possibilities of nuclear forensics are shown, in particular the statements that can be made concerning the material, and the relation of the material with respect to a certain location of origin or manufacturing process. (orig.)

Science.gov (United States)

... POSITION VACANT: Program Manager (Advance Materials and Manufacturing), AD-340-4. Salary ranges from ... POTENTIAL: Program Manager (Advanced Materials and Manufacturing), AD-340-4. LOCATION: Directorate ...

Science.gov (United States)

The Energy crisis happens to be one of the greatest challenges we are facing today. In this view, much effort has been made in developing new, cost effective, environmentally friendly energy conversion and storage devices. The performance of such devices is fundamentally related to material properties. Hence, innovative materials engineering is important in solving the energy crisis problem. One such innovation in materials engineering is porous materials for energy storage. Porous electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) offer a high degree of electrolyte-electrode wettability, thus enhancing the electrochemical activity within the material. Among the porous materials, mesoporous materials draw special attention, owing to shorter diffusion lengths for Li+ and electronic movement. Nanostructured mesoporous ...

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... of Viscous Liquids, Glasses, and Crystalline Materials Under Extremes of Pressure and Temperature ... Materials 9624724 ENG AZ U of Arizona Gervay Jacquelyn Synthesis of Novel Materials Utilizing Sialic ...

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The biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of various materials for use as sacrificial anodes in in vivo hybrid fuel cells were studied. Aluminium, zinc, and magnesium alloy AZ31B were studied, and the results are discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Zhdanovka Coking Plant supplies materials for commercial use, e.g. ammonium sulfate and colloidal sulfur for agriculture and road-cementing materials. The method used for the production of colloidal sulfur is described briefly.

Wastenet

... 300710+Ceramic+Transactions+Series 2120%28Series+Code%29+Ceramic+Transactions+Series Wiley::Ceramic Transactions Series WILEY KNOWLEDGE FOR GENERATIONS United States Change Location Home ...CART | MY ACCOUNT | CONTACT US | HELP Home / Engineering & Materials Science / Materials Science / Ceramic Transactions Series Related Subjects Soft Matter Organic Electronics Structural Materials, ... Ceramics Structural Materials, Composites Structural Materials or Construction Materials Corrosion Electronics Materials Related Series Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings Wiley Series in Materials ...for Electronic and Optoelectric Applications Ceramic Transactions (CTs) books contain papers presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, ...

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... exercises and biotechnology labs and didactic material. It includes sessions on computer and media ... computers, and learn how IPT activities and materials can help meet their curriculum objects ...

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... 900526-11-8 277 p. MATERIALS SCIENCE antiferromagnetic materials cerium

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... information about, utilized, or discussed these subjects: basic topics: overview materials and material types: ti-6al-4v, ti1100, ti17 , ti6242, imi 550 ...

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... and (3) the exchange of information; materials or perspectives. In 1977, a conference of ... their peers), to products (e.g., curriculum materials, guidebooks, or videos). We will also take ...

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... Title : From National Defense Stockpile (NDS) to Strategic Materials Security Program (SMSP): Evidence and Analytic Support. Volume 1. ...

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... .13 Teaching the Materials Science, Engineering, and Field Aspects of Concrete ... Gate Arrays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Materials Science Concepts for Introductory Courses in ...

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... education. It has fostered development of materials and techniques with the success of all, rather ... with Foundation staff to produce exemplary materials and models to help the nation attain its ...

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... teaching and learning; Creating learning materials and teaching strategies; Developing faculty ... achieve educational innovations. Educational Materials Development (EMD): A project under the former ...

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... 4? Program History 5? Center for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures 6? Center for Systems ... Systems 14? Center for Photonic Materials Research 15? Synthesis, Manufacturing and Characterization ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

New methods for the reduction and remediation of hazardous wastes like carcinogenic organic solvents, toxic materials, and nuclear contamination are vital to environmental health. Procedures for effective...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Volume four contains calculations for: Borrow areas--site evaluation; temporary facilities--material quantities; embankment quantities--excavation and cover materials; Burro Canyon site excavation quantities--rippable and unrippable materials; site restoration--earthwork quantities and seeding; and bid schedule quantities and material balance.

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... efforts in developing and testing prototype materials or tools and Full Development Projects to ...

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The Swedish Ceramic Institute is an industrial research institute working with product-oriented research and development of ceramics and closely related materials. The institute works with the processing and fabrication of ceramic materials as well as with materials properties and design questions. Its website provides details of research projects (engineering ceramics, electroceramics, traditional ceramics). Publications are listed, with some downloadable files (annual reports, research reports, information leaflets). Sample materials data (mechanical properties, thermal properties) is given for oxides and non-oxide ceramics.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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... radiation effects RADIATIONS. WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES.

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One of the supporting elements of the Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS) Program is the materials/manufacturing technologies task. The objective of this element is to address critical materials issues for both industrial and utility gas turbines. DOE Oak Ridge Operations Office (ORO) will manage this element of the program, and a team from DOE-ORO and Oak Ridge National Laboratory is coordinating the planning for the materials/manufacturing effort. This paper describes that planning activity which is in the early stages.

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Necessary theoretical foundation is given for the treatment of magnetic stresses applied to

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... significantly lower limits of detection. The complex fluorescence spectra of these constructs indicated that only a portion ...

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Photographs are presented of the FFTF reactor facility, components, and some materials.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... odd nuclei organic compounds radiation effects radioisotopes synthesis

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... compounds plants radiation effects radioisotopes reaction kinetics trees

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book examines the nonlinear optical properties of laser materials. The physical radiation effects on laser materials are also considered. Topics considered include: nonlinear optical properties; nonlinear and harmonic generation materials; two-photon absorption; nonlinear refractive index; stimulated Raman scattering; radiation damage; crystals; and glasses.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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... science in places outside of schools, with materials and activities initially not developed for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Even though the currently intensive research efforts on high- temperature superconducting materials have not yet converged on a well specified practical material, the indications are that such a material may be quite brittle, anisotropic, and may contain many flaws such as microcracks and voids at grain boundaries. Consequently, practical applications of high temperature superconducting materials will require a very careful strength analysis based on fracture mechanics considerations. Because of the high sensitivity of the strength of such materials to the presence of defects, methods of quantitative non-destructive evaluation may be expected to play an important role in strength determinations. This proposal is concerned with the use of ultrasonic methods to detect and characterize isolated cracks, clusters of microcracks and microcracks distributed throughout the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nanometer Ce-W composite materials have been prepared by the method of freeze-drying. Microstructure and surface properties of materials were investigated by SEM and 'in situ' AES and emission characteristics have been determined. It is found that the nanometer materials have relatively small crystal particles with average dimensions in the order of 50 nm. Due to the results of matrix analysis, the cerium in the materials is uniformly distributed on submicron scale, which proves that the diffusion ability of cerium has been increased. Under high temperature, the active layer on the surface thickens simultaneously with the increase of cerium and oxygen. As a result, nanometer Ce-W materials exhibit excellent emission characteristics compared with those of micron-sized Ce-W materials.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are a number of characteristics exhibited by ceramic materials that may provide potential benefits for the reciprocating internal combustion engine. However, the brittle nature of these materials together with a variability in strength has created difficulties in applying ceramic materials to the engine environment. Although a wide range of physical properties is available from contemporary ceramic materials, a material offering consistently high strength has yet to be developed. For sliding-contact applications, desirable characteristics include good wear resistance, low friction, ability to join metals and good heat dissipation. Test results have shown that cam/follower components with cast iron cam sliding on a silicon nitride follower exhibit very low wear rates. The application of silicon carbide to face seals has also shown substantial reductions in both friction and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents the objective, scope, and status of the US Department of Energy's Materials and Structures Program to develop a data base on mechanical properties of structural materials for out-of-core structures and components for LMFBRs. Information on the development of a reference data base on materials for the reactor system, reactor enclosure system, primary heat transport system, intermediate heat transport system, and steam generator system is included. In addition, the development of the data and analyses to account for the effects of temperature and stress, as well as water/steam, sodium, and radiation environments, is described. Plans for the development of alternative materials for future out-of-core applications are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Invention relates to woodworking industry and concerns method of cementing of materials of foam plastic with duralumin, glued plywood, etc. Known methods of cementing of materials by effect of electromagnetic field of superhigh frequencies are unproductive and do not make it possible to cement parts on the plane. Target of invention - acceleration of process of cementing of planar, including of complex configuration, parts and assemblies from wood, foam plastic, duralumin, glued plywood and other materials. For this material is cemented under the effect of directed electromagnetic field of superhigh frequency in the range 01-50 GHz, the specific power of 0.5-15 W/cm3.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The most important and difficult part of materials research for fusion reactor is realized to be irradiation studies of fusion reactor materials. Irradiation studies of fusion reactor materials utilizing FFTF/MOTA, as one of Japan/U.S.A. Fusion Collaboration Programs, have important role to establish fundamental understanding of heavy irradiation effects on materials behavior and properties and to develop methods and technologies for advanced irradiation studies under fusion reactor environment. This paper briefly reviews the history, the state of the art, and the future of the FFTF/MOTA program. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Most important radionuclides naturally appearing in minerals used to form building materials are described. The frequently met ranges of concentrations of these radionuclides in the building materials composed from natural products as well as from power-plant wastes and metallurgic plant wastes are discussed and propositions concerning the limitation of presence of radioactive nuclides in the building materials are given, with special concern paid to materials for dwelling and public utility buildings. The elaborated technique of measuring potassium 40, radium 226 and thorium 228 concentrations is presented. Data on the organization of controlling-and-measuring laboratories in this field are given. (author).

Wastenet

...it only highlights the different feedstocks used in the production of fiber-based packaging materials or fossil-fuel ones; what about the energy required to convert ...feedstock, is unacceptable in trying to quantify the overall burden a specific packaging material has on the environment. As an aside, the point ... Consequentially, it is difficult to speculate on how much packaging material a company diverts from the landfill by switching from one material to another ...without specifying what geographical region said packaging material resides in. In addition, there is a lot of interest in diverting PET thermoforms from ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A nation-wide survey of natural radioactivity in building materials was conducted during 1982-1984. Samples including industrial wastes, by-products and common building materials were collected from main building material manufactories in 29 provinces except Taiwan. The results of exposure rates, specific activities and release rate for "2"2"2Rn are presented. The specific activities of common materials are listed in declining order as follows: clay bricks > common concrete and sandstones > limes and ordinary cement. The highest level was found in breeze bricks made of stone coal, phosphogypsum and red mud with high intrinsic radioactivity. Therefore, these raw materials should be strictly controlled in manufacturing building materials. The measurement results also showed that the typical specific activities of common building ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ceramic fuel element is one of the most important items of HTGR technology, and the corrosion resistance of is matrix materials is vital to the operational performance of HTGR. In the paper, based on the oxidation study of the matrix materials, it has been proposed that the corrosion resistance of the matrix materials might be improved through forming carbon -ceramic composite. The experiment results have shown that the corrosion resistance of matrix materials has been improved by addition of SiC superfine powders, and that the matrix materials containing SiC superfine powders and heat-treated at 1600 deg. C had an oxidation rate lower than the general one containing no SiC superfine powder and heat-treated at 1950 deg. C. (author). 5 refs, 8 figs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Target materials for inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plant designs might be selected for a wide variety of reasons including wall absorption of driver energy, material opacity, cost and ease of fabrication. While each of these issues are of great importance, target materials should also be selected based upon their safety and environmental (S and E) characteristics. The present work focuses on the recycling, waste management and accident dose characteristics of potential target materials. If target materials are recycled so that the quantity is small, isotopic separation may be economically viable. Therefore, calculations have been completed for all stable isotopes for all elements from lithium to polonium. The results of these calculations are used to identify specific isotopes and elements that are most likely to be offensive as well as those most likely to be acceptable in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Since the beginning of the 1990s when the first seizures of nuclear material were reported, the IAEA has recorded over 200 cases of illicit trafficking of nuclear materials. Despite the decreasing frequency of nuclear material seizures, particularly the ones involving weapons-grade material, the issue continues to attract public attention and is a reason for concern due to the hazard associated with such materials. Once illicitly trafficked nuclear material has been intercepted, the questions of its intended use and origin are to be addressed. Especially the origin is of prime importance in order to close the gaps and improve the physical protection at the sites where the theft or diversion occurred. To answer these questions, a dedicated nuclear forensics methodology has been developed. In this paper an overview is given on the methodologies used, on the past ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Materials for the construction of cold neutron sources must satisfy a range of demands. The cryogenic temperature and irradiation create a severe environment. Candidate materials are identified and existing cold sources are briefly surveyed to determine which materials may be used. Aluminum- and magnesium-based alloys are the preferred materials. Existing data for the effects of cryogenic temperature and near-ambient irradiation on the mechanical properties of these alloys are briefly reviewed, and the very limited information on the effects of cryogenic irradiation are outlined. Generating mechanical property data under cold source operating conditions is a daunting prospect. It is clear that the cold source material will be degraded by neutron irradiation, and so the cold source must be designed as a brittle vessel. The continued effective operation of many different cold sources ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The determination of the origin of seized nuclear material is important for authorities in the context of the criminal investigation, in order to return the material to its last legal owner and to help preventing any further diversion of material from this source. Origin determination is based on a complex pattern of parameters obtained through analytical measurements. The information required to determine the origin of nuclear materials may be divided into two categories: endogenous information (e.g. age or mode of production of the material) which is self-explanatory; whereas exogenous information (e.g. dimensions, surface roughness, impurities) requires a database to which the parameters can be compared. The Institute for Transuranium Elements has developed methods to determine characteristic parameters like impurities, surface roughness, or microstructural information. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The starting material for two certified and one candidate reference material was obtained from dried grass specially cultivated on a selected and well prepared soil. The Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) of the Commission of the European Communities produced two certified reference materials (CRM`s) from this dried grass: a rye grass material (CRM 281) certified in 1988 for the quality control of trace and toxic element analyses and a hay powder material (CRM 129) certified in 1989 for monitoring trace and minor elements. A fraction of the dried grass was used in 1993 for the preparation of a hay powder with a particle size of < 63 {mu}m using newly developed grinding techniques. This paper compares the production methods of these three materials and the obtained particle size distribution of the powders. The analytical evaluation of these production ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cathode materials for rechargeable rocking chair or lithium-ion batteries, are reviewed. The emphasis is placed on the comparison between specific capacities and rechargeability of lithium-containing high voltage cathode materials such as manganese oxides and LiMO{sub 2} compounds, where M is Co or Ni. It is generally found that the maximum reversible capacities for the most promising materials fall in the range 100-120 mAh/g, and decaying to around 75 mAh/g after several hundred cycles. The rechargeability is similar for the most commonly considered materials: LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4}, LiCoO{sub 2} and LiNiO{sub 2}. No improvements in capacity or rechargeability, beyond what have been found for these materials, is observed by substitution of other elements into these compounds

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A set of materials property data for potential wear resistant materials was collected. These materials are designated for use as the ''core'' materials in the Fibrous Monolith structure. The material properties of hardness, toughness, thermal conductivity and cost were selected as determining factors for material choice. Data for these four properties were normalized, and weighting factors were assigned for each property to establish priority and evaluate the effects of priority fluctuation. Materials were then given a score based on the normalized parameters and weighting values. Using the initial estimates for parameter priority, the highest ranking material was tungsten carbide, with diamond as the second ranked material. Several materials ...

Science.gov (United States)

... such as biology, physics, geology, materials science, engineering, computer science, and mathematics ... expected to produce course and curricular materials that will be of national interest and widely ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This paper discusses the fundamentals, applications, potential, limitations, and future perspectives of polarized light reflection techniques for the characterization of materials and related systems...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Progress is reported in the following areas: metallurgy and ceramics (structure of materials, mechanical properties, physical properties), experimental research, and particle-solid interactions (irradiation effects on alloys). (DLC)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Prospects for using new structural materials instead of Grade 08Kh18N10T steel for making heat-transfer tubes for horizontal steam generators with the purpose to increase their service life from 30?40 to 60 or more years are considered.

Science.gov (United States)

... Biomedical Engineering Optical and Photonic Materials and Devices Fundamental Optical Interactions ... of Texas Medical School OPTICAL AND PHOTONIC MATERIALS AND DEVICES Gary Bjorklund, IBM, Chair Nan ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An introduction to time-of-flight neutron spectroscopy is presented in the context of the study of magnetic materials. Examples are taken from the class of rare earth and actinide magnetic materials known as `strongly correlated electron` systems. (author) 11 figs., 24 refs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A synthetic strategy for constructing ionic hydrogen-bonded materials by combining perhalometallate anions with cations able to serve as hydrogen bond donors is presented. The approach is based on identification...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A laminated material composed of glass cloth/polyimide film/epoxy resin will be used as an insulating material for superconducting coil of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). In order to keep safe and stable operation of the superconducting coil system, it is indispensable to evaluate radiation resistance of the material, because the material is exposed to severe environments such as high radiation field and low temperature of 4 K. Especially, it is important to estimate the amount of gases evolved from the insulating material by irradiation, because the gases affect on the purifying system of liquid helium in the superconducting coil system. In this work, the gas evolution from the laminated material by gamma ray irradiation at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) was investigated, and the difference of gas evolution behavior due to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

For the purpose of proposing it to ISO, the R and D were conducted of a new evaluation method of thermal properties of polymer materials. The FY 1999 results were summarized. In this fiscal year, the development of the ac Joule heating equipment was proceeded with based on the study at the technical committee, and the measuring device was installed. In the comparative measurement with conventional methods, study was proceeded with of the laser flash method, AC calorimetry method and specific heat measurement. In the technical survey, the developmental state of the ac method, especially, was examined as a testing method of thermal properties of polymer materials. It is in the stage of the basic research by keyword selection, and the search for literature is to be made in full scale. As to the needs in the industrial circle, as a result of the questionnaire survey made, it was found out that there were a wide variety of the needs for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electron spin resonance spectroscopy can provide a powerful approach to the study of radiation effects in biological materials. This memorandum gives an overview of current and future research. (author).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Low kVp settings provide high conspicuity of contrast materials at CT but may result in high image noise, particularly in larger patients. Material decomposition at dual energy CT can differentiate...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

This document presents regulations and research support the EPA`s effluent limitations for the paving and roofing materials point source category.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The development of a silicon carbide (SiC) heat exchanger is a critical step in the development of the Externally-Fired Combined Cycle (EFCC) power system. SiC is the only material that provides the necessary combination of resistance to creep, thermal shock, and oxidation. While the SiC structure materials provide the thermomechanical and thermophysical properties needed for an efficient system, the mechanical properties of the SiC tubes are severely degraded through corrosion by the coal combustion products. To obtain the necessary service life of thousands of hours at temperature, a protective coating is needed that is stable with both the SiC tube and the coal combustion products, resists erosion from the particle laden gas stream, is thermal shock resistant, adheres to SiC during repeated thermal shocks (start-up, process upsets, shut-down), and allows the EFCC system to be cost competitive. This demanding set of technical performance and ...

Science.gov (United States)

...d) A bar for taking down loose material shall be available in the working place or on all face equipment except haulage equipment. Bars provided for taking down loose material shall be of a length and design that will allow the removal of...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... 1343-3563 v. 57(1) SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED

Science.gov (United States)

is 10 seconds for P-type silicon material,. TO ,. In ordkr to determine the effects of unbalanced ionization between the two ...

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Thermodynamic Stable Metal Compositions for Improvement of an Operational Safety of Constructional Materials under Conditions of Multifactor Loadings of an Aggressive Environment

Science.gov (United States)

... The Taiwanese business community is inter- ested in developing access to potential markets as well as to sources of raw materials and some ...

Science.gov (United States)

Commercial introduction of new polymer materials for use as the electrolyte in solid tantalum and solid aluminum electrolytic capacitors is underway. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The preparation by sputtering of artificial metallic superlattices is described, as are the results of x-ray structural determinations. Tunneling and resistivity measurements on these materials are reported.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Slovak May 1981. p. 30. Czechoslovakia Sandrik, R. Kliment, V.

Science.gov (United States)

with full-scale component test data, a final requirement for completing general materials selection criteria. It also should be pointed out that, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recently, organic semiconducting materials have gained a broad interest due to their potential for organic electronic devices such as organic light emitting diode (OLED), organic photovoltaic devices and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Optical properties of organic semiconducting materials are important for practical application. For example, the power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices is mainly affected by absorption properties of organic materials. Proton irradiation is one of the efficient methods to change the optical properties of organic materials. In this paper, we investigate the changes of optical properties of various polymers using the proton irradiation.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear forensics is the analysis of nuclear materials recovered from either the capture of unused materials, or from the radioactive debris following a nuclear explosion and can contribute significantly to the identification of the sources of the materials and the industrial processes used to obtain them. In the case of an explosion, nuclear forensics can also reconstruct key features of the nuclear device. Nuclear forensic analysis works best in conjunction with other law enforcement, radiological protection dosimetry, traditional forensics, and intelligence work to provide the basis for attributing the materials and/or nuclear device to its originators. Nuclear forensics is a piece of the overall attribution process, not a stand-alone activity

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2009 p. 143-144 Ukraine Lepikh, Ya.I. Odesa National University, Odesa

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A few industry-derived and conventional building materials have above acceptable radioactivity. An examination of some materials presently used, or with a potential for use, has shown that in phosphogypsum, fly ash, zircon kyanite tailings, red mud and brickmaking clay, the radium equivalent activities of the finer fractions (<53 #mu#) are higher than those of the larger fractions. Consequently, the radioactivity of these materials could be reduced by dry-sieving and discarding the fines. In blast furnace slag and dissociated zircon, no such reduction would occur since the radioactivity is evenly distributed in all sized fractions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

On the basis of observations of the JTEC team, it appears that Japanese universities and research institutes are leading long-term R&D thrusts for development of new materials casting technologies. Significant efforts include amorphous metals, intermetallics, application of MHD in continuous casting of steel, and energy efficient furnace technology. Industrial R&D seems focused more on process improvements than on new product technologies, but significant efforts in new cast materials included cast metal matrix composites, materials substitutions for thinner wall products, and advanced ceramic products for foundry industry applications.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electrochemical techniques have been used to study the reversible insertion of sodium into hard-carbon host structures at room temperature. In this paper the authors compare these results with those for lithium insertion in the same materials and demonstrate the presence of similar alkali metal insertion mechanisms in both cases. Despite the gravimetric capacities being lower for sodium than lithium insertion, the authors achieved a reversible sodium capacity of 300 mAh/g, close to that for lithium insertion in graphitic carbon anode materials. Such materials may therefore be useful as anodes in rechargeable sodium-ion batteries.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A high heating value, fuel pellet comprises from about 50 to about 99% by weight natural cellulosic material and from about 1 to about 50% by weight synthetic polymeric thermoplastic material. The synthetic thermoplastic material is uniformly distributed throughout the fuel pellet. The thermoplastic material is solid at room temperature and has an injection molding temperature of at least 200/sup 0/F. Such a fuel pellet can be prepared in a pelletizer where the temperature of the pellet as it emerges from the die is from about 150 to about 250/sup 0/F.

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... and implement high-quality instructional materials; ? Provide stimulating environments outside of ...

Science.gov (United States)

... initiation) Pressed e Combustible Cartridge Cases Quantity-Distance Table ... Combustible Cartridge Cases, and Electrically Exploded Devices in ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 5. The results of the bond strength measurements were compared to the surface cleanness of the aged EPDM as determined by the specified ...

Science.gov (United States)

The congressional Joint Committee on Atomic Energy issued the panel report Transportation of Radioactive Material by Passenger Aircraft. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Descriptors : *Combustible cartridge cases, *Polymers, *Test equipment, *Patents, Combustion chambers, Breech mechanisms, Gas generating ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This invention relates to new phosphor materials and to combinatorial methods of synthesizing and detecting the same. In addition, methods of using phosphors to generate luminescence are also disclosed.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Sciences, Research Center for Radiation Protection, Chiba (Japan) Hafez,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The loss of lead in various kinds of biological materials after drying and ashing is studied by using "2"0"3Pb as tracer which is intravenously injected into mice. The experimental results show that although the oven ashing can be used for determining the lead in samples of lung, kidney, and liver, etc., the oxygen plasma and high pressure digestion are the most suitable methods for the determination of lead in biological materials. (author) 5 refs.; 2 tabs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In-situ compaction method is an alternative technology for the construction of a buffer at HLW final disposal. Understanding of the compaction characteristics of the proposed material is important for this method of construction. In this report, paying attention to the relation between compaction energy and the achieved maximum dry density, dynamic compaction characteristic of bentonite and silica sand mixture material is examined. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Information is presented concerning the Materials Open Test Assembly (MOTA); instrumentation and control system; MOTA neutronic data; pressurized tube specimens; stress-rupture measurements for reactor materials; miniature specimen design; the Interim Examination and Maintenance (IEM) cell at the FFTF; support services; and general information concerning the FFTF.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The proceedings of these seminars form an impressive chronicle of the continued progress in the understanding of refractory metals and cemented carbides and in their manufacture and application. The 15"t"h Plansee Seminar was convened under the general theme 'Powder Metallurgy High Performance Materials'. Under this broadened perspective the seminar will strive to look beyond the refractory metals and cemented carbides, which remain at its focus, to novel classes of materials, such as intermetallic compounds, with potential for high temperature applications. (boteke)