UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-specific monoclonal antibodies predominantly inhibit colorectal cancer (CRC) growth by interfering with receptor signaling. Recent analyses have shown that patients...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper presents the effect of precursor powder size on the thermoelectric properties of sintered nanostructured bulk materials. The transport properties of the nanostructured bulk show a dramatic size effect. There are a lower thermal and electrical conductivity for the bulk with smaller nanopowders. The dimensionless figure-of merit values (ZT) of almost all the samples are much lower than those of the list reported data in the paper because the decrease in the thermal conductivity is counteracted by the reduction in the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient. The combination route of hydro/solvothermal synthesis and spark-plasma-sintering method provide a well controlled way to significantly reduce the thermal conductivity.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fatigue tests were accomplished with a series of specimens doped with trace elements of a hardened Fe-Ni-Cr alloy, cast and hardened with intermetallic phases for determining the influence of these elements on the high temperature strength properties. The results of extensive fatigue tests show that even small contents of Te, Bi, Se, Pb, Tl and Zn considerably influence the life and creep processes especially after longer running periods, when added individually or combinedly. In contrast to this, the fatigue ductility is reduced by trace element additions even with short running periods. The order in which the metallic trace elements influence the fatigue properties nearly correlates with earlier work concerning Ni- and Co-superalloys. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Some kinematical consequences of the causal tachyons possible in bi-metric theories are considered. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Techniques for fabricating P-type (Cu,Ag)/sub 2/Se with mesh-type bonds have been developed and are being evaluated for long-term use. In addition, methods for reducing vapor suppression by the use of coatings and/or baffling continue to show gains. The N-type alloy Gd/sub 2/Se/sub 3/ has been shown to be thermally unstable. It undergoes a sluggish cubic-to-orthorhombic phase change below 1000/sup 0/C, with an accompanying degradation in mechanical and thermoelectric properties. Fabrication studies conducted with the (Bi,Sb)/sub 2/(Se,Te)/sub 3/ alloys showed these materials to be sensitive to oxygen contamination if reproducible properties are to be obtained. Preparation of powdered material by explosive techniques was investigated. This technique appears to be useful in preparing homogeneous -325 mesh material, but it does not yield a useful amount of submicron-size powder.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Description of problem or function: Format: EXREM III; Nuclides: radioactive decay data on 252 Nuclides: 1H-3, 4Be-7, 6C-11, 6C-14, 7N-13, 8O-15, 9F-18, 11Na-22, 11Na-24, 12Mg-28, 13Al-28, 15P-32, 15P-33, 16S-35, 17Cl-36, 17Cl-38, 18A-37, 18A-39, 19K-40, 19K-42, 19K-43, 20Ca-45, 20Ca-47, 20Ca-49, 21Sc-46, 21Sc-47, 21Sc-49, 24Cr-51, 25Mn-52M, 25Mn-52, 25Mn-54, 26Fe-52, 26Fe-55, 26Fe-59, 27Co-56, 27Co-57, 27Co-58, 27Co-60, 28Ni-56, 28Ni-63, 29Cu-64, 30Zn-65, 30Zn-69M, 30Zn-69, 31Ga-67, 31Ga-68, 32Ge-77, 33As-76, 33As-77, 34Se-75, 35Br-80M, 35Br-80, 35Br-82, 35Br-83, 35Br-84, 36Kr-79, 36Kr-83M, 36Kr-85M, 36Kr-85, 36Kr-87, 36Kr-88, 37Rb-84, 37Rb-86, 37Rb-87, 37Rb-88, 37Rb-89, 37Rb-90M, 37Rb-90, 38Sr-85, 38Sr-87M, 38Sr-89, 38Sr-90, 38Sr-91, 38Sr-92, 38Sr-93, 39Y-87, 39Y-88, 39Y-90, 39Y-91M, 39Y-91, 39Y-92, 39Y-93, 40Zr-93, 41Nb-93M, 40Zr-95, 40Zr-97, 41Nb-95M, 41Nb-95, 41Nb-97M, 41Nb-97, 42Mo-99, 43Tc-99M, 43Tc-99, 44Ru-103, 44Ru-105, 44Ru-106, 45Rh-103M, 45Rh-105M, 45Rh-105, 45Rh-106, ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Triclinic b-BiNbO4 prepared below 750^oC and above 1040^oC (denoted as Low-b and High-b, respectively) and pure orthorhombic a-BiNbO4 at 900^oC were successfully derived from a citrate method and the phase transition from b-BiNbO4 to a-BiNbO4 was first observed in BiNbO4 powders. This phenomenon proves that the abnormal phase transition from b-BiNbO4 to a-BiNbO4 exists in BiNbO4 powder system. The synthesis of Low-b powders can be attributed to the formation of the intermediate phase of Bi5Nb3O15 by the citrate method. With increasing temperature, the Low-b phase gradually turns into a-BiNbO4 due to the thermodynamically metastable state of Low-b. We also identified that the stress in pellet format can accelerate the phase transition from Low-b to a phase of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1 - Description of program or function: MCB-JEF2.2 is a continuous-energy cross section libraries in ACE Format suitable for the MCB-1C and MCNP codes. Libraries for various materials were generated at six different Temperatures, and cover the energy range up to 20 MeV. Format: ACE. Number of groups: Continuous energy. Nuclides: H-1, H-2, H-3, He-3, He-4, Li-6, Li-7, Be-9, B-10, B-11, C-nat., N-14, N-15, O-16, O-17, Na-23, F-19, Mg-nat., Al-27, Si-nat., P-31, S-32, S-33, S-34, S-36, Cl-nat, K-nat, Ca-nat., Ti-nat, V-nat, Cr-50, Cr-52, Cr-53, Cr-54, Mn-55, Fe-54, Fe-56, Fe-57, Fe-58, Co-59, Ni-58, Ni-59, Ni-60, Ni-61, Ni-62, Ni-64, Cu-nat, Ga-nat, Ge-72, Ge-73, Ge-74, Ge-76, As-75, Se-74, Se-76, Se-77, Se-78, Se-80, Se-82, Br-79, Br-81, Kr-78, Kr-80, Kr-82, Kr-83, Kr-84, Kr-85, Kr-86, Rb-85, Rb-86, Rb-87, Sr-84, Sr-86, Sr-87, Sr-88, Sr-89, Sr-90, Y-89, Y-90, Y-91, Zr-nat, Zr-90, Zr-91, Zr-92, Zr-93, Zr-94, Zr-95, Zr-96, Nb-93, Nb-94, Nb-95, Mo-nat, Mo-92, Mo-94, Mo-95, Mo-96, Mo-97, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Gibbs energy of mixing in liquid phase and the Gibbs energy of formation of various compounds in a binary Pu-Cd system were re-optimized by applying both recent and earlier experimental data. Those of the binary Pu-Bi and U-Bi systems were newly optimized. The results were summarized in a database and applied to the preliminary prediction of multi-solute systems in liquid Cd or Bi solvent. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared

CERN Document Server

Quartz fibers

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We studied the effects of small, <20 {micro}m, Te inclusions on the energy resolution of CdZnTe gamma-ray detectors using a highly collimated X-ray beam and gamma-rays, and modeled them via a simplified geometrical approach. Previous reports demonstrated that Te inclusions of about a few microns in diameter degraded the charge-transport properties and uniformity of CdZnTe detectors. The goal of this work was to understand the extent to which randomly distributed Te-rich inclusions affect the energy resolution of CZT detectors, and to define new steps to overcome their deleterious effects. We used a phenomenological model, which depends on several adjustable parameters, to reproduce the experimentally measured effects of inclusions on energy resolution. We also were able to hound the materials-related problem and predict the enhancement in performance expected by reducing the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three new rare earth metal-rich compounds, Gd_4NiTe_2, and Er_5M_2Te_2 (M=Ni, Co), were synthesized in direct reactions using R, R_3M, and R_2Te_3 (R=Gd, Er; M=Co, Ni) and single-crystal structures were determined. Gd_4NiTe_2 is orthorhombic and crystallizes in space group Pnma with four formula units per cell. Lattice parameters at 110(2)K are a=15.548(9), b=4.113(2), c=11.7521(15)A. Er_5Ni_2Te_2 and Er_5Co_2Te_2 are isostructural and crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm with two formula units per cell. Lattice parameters at 110(2)K are a=3.934(1), b=14.811(4), c=14.709(4)A, and a=3.898(1), b=14.920(3), c=14.889(3)A, respectively. Metal-metal bonding correlations were analyzed using the empirical Pauling bond order concept.

Science.gov (United States)

... unlimited. It may be released to the Clearinghouse. DePartment of Comereforsae o te enga Page 2. EDITED TRANSLATION A ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The electrode reaction of Pu{sup 3+}/Pu couple at the interface between LiCl-KCl eutectic melt containing PuCl{sub 3} and liquid Bi phase was investigated by cyclic voltammetry at 723, 773 and 823 K. For comparison, the system was also studied using a solid Mo electrode in place of the liquid Bi electrode. It was found that the electrode reaction of Pu{sup 3+}/Pu couple at the Bi electrode was almost reversible. The redox potentials of Pu{sup 3+}/Pu couple at the liquid Bi electrode in the LiCl-KCl eutectic melt containing 0.87 wt% PuCl{sub 3} (0.0014 mole fraction) at 723, 773 and 823 K were observed to be more positive by 0.575, 0.572 and 0.566 V, respectively, than those at the Mo electrode. These differences in potential were thermodynamically analyzed by assuming a lowering of the activity of Pu in Bi phase according to the alloy formation of PuBi{sub 2}. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

One chemical reagent, hydrazine hydrate, was discovered to accelerate the growth of semiconductor nanocrystals (cadmium telluride) instead of additional energy, which was applied to the synthesis of high-quality CdTe nanocrystals at room temperature and ambient conditions within several hours. Under this mild condition the mercapto stabilizers were not destroyed, and they guaranteed CdTe nanocrystal particle sizes with narrow and uniform distribution over the largest possible range. The CdTe nanocrystals (photoluminescence emission range of 530-660 nm) synthesized in this way had very good spectral properties; for instance, they showed high photoluminescence quantum yield of up to 60%. Furthermore, we have succeeded in detecting the living Borrelia burgdorferi of Lyme disease by its photoluminescence image using CdTe nanocrystals.

CERN Document Server

Cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) have been regarded as promising semiconductor materials for hard X-ray and Gamma-ray detection. The high atomic number of the materials (Z_{Cd} =48, Z_{Te} =52) gives a high quantum efficiency in comparison with Si. The large band-gap energy (Eg ~ 1.5 eV) allows us to operate the detector at room temperature. However, a considerable amount of charge loss in these detectors produces a reduced energy resolution. This problem arises due to the low mobility and short lifetime of holes. Recently, significant improvements have been achieved to improve the spectral properties based on the advances in the production of crystals and in the design of electrodes. In this overview talk, we summarize (1) advantages and disadvantages of CdTe and CdZnTe semiconductor detectors and (2) technique for improving energy resolution and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Objective: Pretargeting is the concept that combines optimal delivery of the antibody and rapid capture and elimination of the radioactivity. In this study, we evaluated the potential of antibody pretargeting to enable the tumor-targeting {sup 212}Pb for in vivo generation of {sup 212}Bi for {alpha} particle radiotherapy. Methods: The {sup 212}Pb/{sup 212}Bi chelate of DOTA-biotin, as well as their {gamma}-emitting analogues, {sup 203}Pb and {sup 205}Bi, was prepared and characterized. The radiolabeled compounds were injected in animals for evaluation of tumor targeting and normal tissue uptake and retention. In the pretargeting protocol, injection of 400 {mu}g of NR-LU-10 antibody-streptavidin conjugate was given at t=0 h, then 100 {mu}g of N-acetyl-galatosamine-biotin clearing agent was injected at t=20-24 h; finally, 1 {mu}g of {sup 212}Pb/{sup 212}Bi-DOTA-biotin was injected 6 h later. Results: Both ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Semiconductive crystalline PZT powders doped with Bi and K were synthesized by hydrothermal reaction at 200{degree}C for 48 hours. The synthesis of the crystalline powders became difficult with an increase in doped amount of Bi and K, and in Zr/(Ti+Zr) ratio. Since substantial amounts of Pb remained in solution after hydrothermal reaction, the addition of Pb in excess of 25% was necessary to obtain the stoichiometric composition of the PZT solid solution. Bi contents in the powders were identical to those in starting materials, while K contents were less than expected ones. The electromechanical properties of the sintered bodies could be precisely measured by an admittance-curve-fitting method. The electromechanical coupling factor and piezoelectric coefficient of the sintered bodies varied with the Bi content like those of specimens prepared by solid state reaction, and showed the maximum values at a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Single crystals of trigonal Cr{sub 2}Te{sub 3}, monoclinic Cr{sub 5}Te{sub 8}, and trigonal Cr{sub 5}Te{sub 8} were prepared and the single crystal structures were determined. The structures are related to the NiAs structure type by successive removal of Cr in every second metal atom layer parallel to the c axis. The strong relationship between the structures is evidenced by their very similar X-ray powder patterns. In trigonal Cr{sub 2}Te{sub 3} excess Cr occupies only one of the two possible sites. In monoclinic Cr{sub 5}Te{sub 8} the Cr atoms occupy four different crystallographic sites. The resulting ordering of the vacancies is significantly different from the hitherto reported crystal structures of transition metal chalcogenides M{sub 5}X{sub 8}. A slight increase of the tellurium content leads to an order-disorder transition from the monoclinic to a trigonal phase. The Cr ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... compton spectrometers cross sections energy resolution energy-level transitions

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

One measured fission and fusion cross sections of "4","6He+"2"0"9Bi and "7Li+"2"0"8Pb reactions within the range from the Coulomb barrier up to 200 MeV. The measured functions of fission and fusion for the mentioned reactions are shown to have close values within the excitation energy wide range. One analyzed the excitation functions of fusion and fission for "4He+"2"0"9Bi, "6He+"2"0"9Bi and "7Li+"2"0"8Pb reactions resulting in formation of "2"1"3","2"1"5At compound systems

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three new rare earth metal-rich compounds, Gd_6MTe_2 (M=Co, Ni) and Er_6RuTe_2, were synthesized in direct reactions between the R, R_3M, and R_2Te_3 (R=Gd, Er, M=Co, Ni, Ru). These materials all adopt the same Zr_6CoAl_2 structure type with space group P6-bar 2m (No. 189, Z=1). Single crystal structures of Gd_6CoTe_2 and Er_6RuTe_2 were determined and lattice parameters are a=b=8.3799(5), c=3.9801(4) A, and a=b=8.1473(5) A, c=3.9962(4) A, respectively. Gd_6NiTe_2 was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction; lattice parameters are a=b=8.412(2), c=3.9577(9) A. Metal-metal bonding correlations were analyzed using the empirical Pauling bond order concept.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Enthalpy increment measurements on La_2Te_3O_9(s) and La_2Te_4O_1_1(s) were carried out using a Calvet micro-calorimeter. The enthalpy values were analyzed using the non-linear curve fitting method. The dependence of enthalpy increments with temperature was given as: H"o(T) - H"o(298.15 K) (J mol"-"1) = 360.70T + 0.00409T "2 + 133.568 x 10"5/T - 149 923 (373 #<=# T (K) #<=# 936) for La_2Te_3O_9 and H"o(T) - H"o(298.15 K) (J mol"-"1) = 331.927T + 0.0549T "2 + 29.3623 x 10"5/T - 114 587 (373 #<=# T (K) #<=# 936) for La_2Te_4O_1_1.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

HgTe rod-shape composed of crystalline particles has been prepared by a hydrothermal method, and characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transition electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of capping agents, reductants, reaction temperatures, and reaction times on crystal structures and shapes of HgTe have been investigated. The results showed that the CTAB as capping agent plays a crucial role in the hydrothermal process. The synthesis procedure is simple and uses less toxic reagents than the previously reported methods.

CERN Document Server

multi-parton interactions and underlying event structure, $\\gamma$-mediated processes and luminosity determination, Monte Carlo tuning and even MSSM Higgs discovery in central exclusive production. In this article, the forward detector instrumentation around the CMS interaction point is described and the prospects for diffractive and forward physics using the CMS forward detectors are summarized. In addition, first observation of forward jets as well as early measurements of the forward energy flow in the pseudorapidity range $3.15TeV, $2.36$~TeV and $7$~TeV are presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Single-crystalline PbTe nanowires were synthesized using the chemical vapor transport method. They consisted of rock-salt structure PbTe nanocrystals uniformly grown in the [100] direction. We fabricated field-effect transistors using a single PbTe nanowire, providing evidence for its intrinsic n-type semiconductor characteristics. The values of the carrier mobility and concentration were estimated to be 0.83 cm"2 V"-"1 s"-"1 and 8.8 x 10"1"7 cm"-"3, respectively. The Seebeck coefficients (-72 ?V K"-"1) of individual nanowires were measured to show their n-type carrier-dominated thermoelectric transport properties.

CERN Document Server

In light of the recent discovery of the importance of the isovector EMC effect for the interpretation of the NuTeV determination of sin^2 theta_W, it seems timely to reassess the central value and the errors on this fundamental Standard Model parameter derived from the NuTeV data. We also include earlier work on charge symmetry violation and the recent limits on a possible asymmetry between s and \\bar{s} quarks. With these corrections we find a revised NuTeV result of sin^2 theta_W = 0.2232 \\pm 0.0013(stat) \\pm 0.0024(syst), which is in excellent agreement with the running of sin^2 theta_W predicted by the Standard Model.

CERN Document Server

Cosmic ray antiprotons provide an important probe for the study of cosmic ray propagation in the interstellar space and to investigate the existence of Galactic dark matter. The ARGO-YBJ experiment is observing the Moon shadow with high statistical significance at an energy threshold of a few hundred GeV. Using all the data collected until November 2009, we set two upper limits on the antip/p flux ratio: 5% at an energy of 1.4 TeV and 6% at 5 TeV with a confidence level of 90%. In the few-TeV range the ARGO-YBJ results are the lowest available, useful to constrain models for antiproton production in antimatter domains.

Science.gov (United States)

... Abstract : Single crystals of Pb(x)Sn(1-x)Te alloy have been grown with o = or thin film evaporator. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Two lots of' manganes* powder were treated by Pichra~te Treatment A Appendir i I n which the mnanese -ens washed *wih distIllel enter on a ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The thermal stability of diffusion barriers is explored on the basis of Bi films at different expedients of deriving of films. The examinations were conducted on the electrostatic accelerator at KNU of name Karazin V.N. under conditions of an isothermal bakeout directly under a proton beam of 1,85 MeV energy.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the present study the Pb content in Bi(2223) phase by regression or curve fitting method are optimized. The best fitting curve can be obtained by the method of least square. To study the effect of Pb content in Pb substituted Bi (2223) superconductors, prepared by solid state reaction method data is obtained. The deviation of T_c from the target value for different Pb content is summarized

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Natural radioactive materials were used for detector calibration. We found that KCl is a very suitable material for this purpose. The efficiency curve shape was derived by using {gamma} ray lines of {sup 214}Bi normalised using a known quantity of KCl in the same geometry. The best fit was found by the least squares method. The summing correction coefficients for {sup 214}Bi are determined. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An experiment to synthesize element 110 by the {sup 59}Co+{sup 209}Bi reaction has bee performed at the SuperHILAC at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. One event with many of the expected characteristics of a successful of {sup 267}110 was observed. This event corresponds to a production cross section of about one picobarn.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the framework of the equivalence theorem the one-loop helicity amplitudes and cross section for the double Higgs production process {gamma}{gamma}{yields}HH are calculated. It is shown that the cross section is measurable at TeV {gamma}{gamma} colliders and is marginally sensitive to the triple-Higgs variation. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

Based on BACODINE network notification the Whipple Observatory gamma-ray telescope has been used to search for the delayed TeV counterpart to BATSE-detected gamma-ray bursts. In the fast slew mode, any point in the sky can be reached within two minutes of the burst notification. The search strategy, necessary because of the uncertainty in burst position and limited FOV of the camera, is described.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

First Solar made 9 CdTe PV devices; found two front- and one back-side structures that show improved Jsc and Voc, respectively, compared to base device structure; best cell efficiency was 14.13%.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alloys from the Gd{sub 4}(Bi{sub x}Sb{sub 1{minus}x}){sub 3} series were prepared by melting a stoichiometric amounts of pure metals in an induction furnace. The crystal structure is of the anti-Th{sub 3}P{sub 4} type (space group I{bar 4}3d) for all the compounds tested. The linear increase of the lattice parameters with Bi concentration is attributed to the larger atomic radius of Bi than that of Sb. Magnetic measurements show that the alloys order ferromagnetically from 266K to 330K, with the ordering temperature increasing with decreasing Bi concentration. The alloys are soft ferromagnets below their Curie temperatures, and follow the Curie-Weiss law above their ordering temperatures. The paramagnetic effective magnetic moments are low compared to the theoretical value for a free Gd{sup 3+}, while the ordered magnetic moments are close to the theoretical value for Gd. The alloys exhibit a moderate ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

EPR and FT-IR absorption measurements have been performed for xCuO.(100-x)[2Bi{sub 2}O{sub 3}.B{sub 2}O{sub 3}] glass system, with 0{<=}x{<=}50 mol%. The mode in which the addition of the copper ions influences the structure of 2Bi{sub 2}O{sub 3}.B{sub 2}O{sub 3} glass matrix was analyzed. The EPR absorption spectra revealed the presence in the glass structure of Cu{sup 2+} ions in axially distorted octahedral environments. EPR data pointed out the simultaneous presence of Cu{sup 2+} and Cu{sup +} ionic species in the glasses with x{>=}5 mol%. For x>10 mol%, the Cu{sup 2+} ions participate in the superexchange magnetic interactions, which increase with CuO content. The FT-IR spectra showed the presence of some bands that are assigned to vibrations of Bi-O bonds from BiO{sub 3} pyramidal and BiO{sub 6} octahedral units and B-O bonds from BO{sub 3} and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear radiation detectors in integral execution were produced by successive epitaxial growth from vapor phase of Zn Te and Cd Se thin layers onto scintillating Zn Se (Te) crystals. The irradiation of combined Zn Se (Te) - Zn Te - Cd Se detectors by Cu_K_a X-rays leads to the appearance of photoreceiver e.m.f., which tends to saturation with the increase of X-ray radiation dose reaching the value of 0.34-0.40 V at 200 R/min. The short circuit current dependence of irradiation dose power is linear. The matching factor for detectors with Zn Te-Cd Se photoreceivers with different doping levels is 0.68-0.92. The absolute monochromatic sensitivity is 0.32-0.35 m A/m W at a quantum efficiency 0.58-0.61 and a time constant 2 x 10"-"4 s. The calculated dose sensitivity for Zn Se(Te)-Zn Te-Cd Se combined detectors at the irradiation with X-rays ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this work, bismuth sodium titanate (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BNT) and praseodymium (Pr)-doped BNT were successfully produced using the soft combustion technique. The effects of Pr doping on stoichiometry, microstructure, density and dielectric properties were studied. Pure Pr-doped BNT was obtained in all samples containing 5, 10 and 20mol% Pr after calcination at 800^oC for 3h. The produced powders were then pressed into pellets and sintered at 1100^oC for 3h. The very similar ionic radii of Pr^3^+ with Bi^3^+ and Na^+ made it possible to substitute both Bi and Na. The crystallite size and grain size decreased with increasing Pr amount because Pr acted as grain growth inhibitor, both for calcined powders and for sintered pellets. Maximum density was obtained in 5mol% Pr-doped BNT, beyond which...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors introduce the single electron (Cooper-pair) tunneling junctions using c-axis Bi{sub 2}Sr{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub 8+d} (Bi-2212) superconducting single crystal whiskers. Focused-ion-beam (FIB) etching patterned the Bi-2212 whiskers. The fabricated small stacked junctions have in-plane area S smaller than <1 {micro}m{sup 2}. The junctions showed the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics with the periodic structure of current peaks. The stacking layered structure of Bi-2212 works as multi-junctions array which decrease the effective capacitance, C{sub {Sigma}} = C{sub 0}/N, where C{sub 0} is the capacitance of junction and N is the layer number of elementary junctions. The period of current peaks of I-V curves corresponds to the charging energy of the single Cooper pair, 2Ec (=e{sup 2}/C{sub {Sigma}}).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Experimental results of nuclear reaction and radiative decay for A = 203 nuclides are evaluated. Adopted properties for all the nine isobars, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn, Fr of mass 203 are presented. Nothing is yet known for [sup 203]Os. 96 refs.

Science.gov (United States)

... State Uni- versity of New York Press, Albany, NY. A. Meyers, R. Yangarber, R. Grishman, C. Macleod, and A. Moreno-Sandoval. 1998. ...

Science.gov (United States)

A comparative study on the critical current performance of Bi-2223/Ag and YBCO coated conductor wires in low magnetic fields at liquid nitrogen temperature was carried out in this work. Five commercial high temperature superconductor wires from different manufacturers were collected. Their critical currents were measured in magnetic fields, ranging from 0 to 0.4 T. On contrary to the common conception, the Bi-2223/Ag samples had better performance than YBCO coated conductor samples in the magnetic fields parallel to the wide surface of superconducting wires within the experimental scope. We also found similar results by collecting the concerned datum from the published literatures to confirm our measurement results. At the present stage, this fact made that the Bi-2223/Ag wires might be the preferred choice for the applications with mainly low parallel fields involved, unless other considerations were prioritized.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

By means of ab-initio electronic structure calculation and one-dimensional Boltzmann transport equation solution, we investigate the size dependent thermoelectric (TE) properties of n-type ZnO nanowires (NWs) and surface passivation effects. As demonstrated by our calculations, largest figure of merit ZT achievable in thin NWs is larger than that in wide NWs, whereas being restrained by higher demand of n-type doping. Moreover, bare NWs are superior in TE application comparing with the passivated. To compete with conventional TE materials, lattice thermal conductivity of ZnO NWs should be at least 2 orders of magnitude lower than bulk value.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors study the processes {gamma}e {r{underscore}arrow} {gamma}e and {gamma}{gamma} {r{underscore}arrow} {gamma}{gamma}, in the context of the proposal for Weak Scale Quantum Gravity (WSQG) with large extra dimensions. With an ultraviolet cutoff M{sub S} {approximately} 1 TeV for the effective gravity theory, the cross sections obtained for these processes at the Next Linear Collider (NLC), with the e{gamma} an {gamma}{gamma} options, deviate from the predictions of the Standard Model significantly. The results suggest that, for typical proposed NLC energies and luminosities, the predictions of WSQG can be tested in the range 1 TeV {approx{underscore}lt} M{sub S} {approx{underscore}lt} 10 TeV, making e{gamma} an {gamma}{gamma} colliders important tools for probing WSQG.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ten patients with traumatic femoral neck fracture were studied with MR imaging (0.5 T, Magnetom, Siemens): unenhanced (multiecho, TR/TE = 1,600/30--240 [repetition time/echo time, msec]; gradient echo, TR/TE = 315/14, #theta# = 90 degrees) and Gd-DTPA enhanced (0.1 mM/kg body weight, Magnevist, Schering; gradient echo, TR/TE = 315/14, #theta# = 90 degrees). MR images were compared with clinical-radiographic findings. Digital subtraction angiography of the femoral head (FH) in five patients showed complete interruption of blood supply to the FH in three patients (signal intensity of FH did not increase on postcontrast images) and intact FH arteries in two patients (FH signal increased on postcontrast images, as did the healthy-side signal).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The L-subshell and total M-shell X-ray production cross sections of Ta, W, Pt, Au, Pb and Bi have been measured by protons of energy between 0.7 and 2.4 MeV. The obtained results for X-ray production cross sections have been compared with the existing experimental data, prediction of the ECPSSR theory and also with fitted empirical cross sections of Strivay and Weber.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The charge distribution in the alpha particle induced fission of "2"0"9Bi has been studied at alpha particle energy of 55.7 MeV and 58.6 MeV. The fractional cumulative yields of "9"7Zr, "9"9Mo, "1"0"1Mo and "1"1"2Pd have been determined using gamma ray spectrometry. The charge distribution have been found to be broad. (author). 4 refs., 1 ta b.

Science.gov (United States)

This paper considers the time dependent Stefan problem with convection in the fluid phase governed by the Stokes equation, and with adherence of the fluid on the lateral boundaries. The existence of a weak solution is obtained via the introduction of a te...

Science.gov (United States)

estate in terms of runways, taxiways, and terminal ramp areas. .... queueing time into gate delays. It is therefore reasonable to conclude that minimization of ...... tities chosen are to illustrate the stochastic effect of noncom- ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The first cell lineage specification in mouse embryo development is the formation of trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst. This article is to review and discuss the...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

An electroweak model with running coupling constants described by an energy dependent entire function is utraviolet complete and avoids unitarity violations for energies above 1 TeV. The action contains no physical scalar fields and no Higgs particle and the physical electroweak model fields are local and satisfy microcausality. The $W$ and $Z$ masses are compatible with a symmetry breaking $SU(2)_L\\times U(1)_Y \\rightarrow U(1)_{\\rm em}$, which retains a massless photon. The vertex couplings possess an energy scale $\\Lambda_W > 1$ TeV predicting scattering amplitudes that can be tested at the LHC.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The n=4 Aurivillius phase, Bi5Ti3CrO15, was synthesised by solid state reaction. Rietveld analysis of high resolution neutron diffraction data demonstrated this material to adopt the polar space group A21am at room temperature, transforming to the aristotype I4/mmm structure above 650 oC. This phase transition is coincident with an anomaly in DSC signal and relative permittivity, which are characteristic of a ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition. Bi5Ti3CrO15 exhibits paramagnetic behaviour at low temperature, with short range antiferromagnetic interactions, but no evidence for long range magnetic ordering. This is considered a consequence of significant disorder of Ti and Cr over the available octahedral sites, as demonstrated by analysis of neutron diffraction data. -- Graphical abstract: We report here the synthesis, structure and characterisation of the n=4 Aurivillius phase Bi5Ti3CrO15. Analysis of neutron powder ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oxygen-16 induced fission studies of [sup 209]Bi have been carried out at particle energies of 89.5 MeV using gamma ray spectrometry. The cross sections for the production of fission products have been determined. The yield distribution of fission products has been found to be broad (FWHM [approx equal] mass units) with a peak near mass [approx equal] 108. The charge distribution in the [sup 16]O ion induced fission of [sup 209]Bi has also been studied at particle energy of 89.5 MeV. The relative cumulative yields of [sup 92]Sr, [sup 97]Zr, [sup 99]Mo, [sup 101]Mo, [sup 112]Pd and [sup 117m]Cd have been determined using gamma ray spectrometry. The width of charge distribution has been found to be broad. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The "1"6O induced fission studies of "2"0"9Bi have been carried out at particle energies of 89.5 MeV using gamma ray spectrometry. The cross sections for the production of fission products have been determined. The yield distribution of fission products has been found to be broad (FWHM=16) with a peak near mass 107. The charge distribution in the "1"6O particle induced fission of "2"0"9Bi has been studied at "1"6O particle of 89.5 MeV. The fractional cumulative yields of "9"2Y, "9"7Zr, "9"9Mo, "1"0"1Mo, "1"0"5Rh, "1"1"2Pd and "1"1"7"mCd have been determined using gamma ray spectrometry. (author). 7 refs., 2 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inductively coupled plasma etching of InGaP, AlInP and AlGaP in BI{sub 3} or BBr{sub 3} discharges was investigated as a function of source power, dc chuck bias and plasma composition. InGaP etches at the fastest rates ({gt}6000thinsp{Angstrom}thinspmin{sup {minus}1}) in both chemistries, followed by AlGaP. It is found that AlInP provides an excellent etch stop for the other two materials in both mixtures. The InGaP surface morphology improves with increasing BI{sub 3} or BBr{sub 3} content, and with increasing dc chuck bias. The etched features for this material are highly anisotropic. Etch selectivities for InGaP over SiO{sub 2} and SiN{sub x} of {ge}8 are obtained in both plasma chemistries, and there is no etch incubation time with either mixture, indicating that both can scavenge the native oxide on InGaP, AlGaP and AlInP. {copyright} {ital 1998 American Vacuum Society.}

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The level structure and configurations of "2"1"6At have been studied by observing the alpha decay of "2"2"0Fr, which is in secular equilibrium with "2"2"4Ac. Six of the 16 observed states are tentatively assigned to the configuration #pi#(h_9_/_2)"3#upsilon#(g_9_/_2)"5, and four to the mixed configuration #pi#(h_9_/_2)"3#upsilon#(g_9_/_2)"4(i_1_1_/_2)+#pi#(h_9_/_2)"2(f _7_/_2)#upsilon#(g_9_/_2)"5. These two configurations in "2"1"6At are compared with the corresponding configurations in "2"1"2Bi and "2"1"0Bi. The shape transitions are traced from the quadrupole-octupole deformed "2"2"4Ac through "2"2"0Fr and "2"1"6At, to "2"1"2Bi, described by the spherical shell model, using the alpha decay sequence beginning with "2"2"8Pa. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report describes the experimental researches on the polarization Characteristics of symmetric GaAs-GaAlAsP double heterojunction lasers, and analyses the mode-competition processes of these lasers. The experiments showed that semiconductor laser is emitted spontaneously and does not indicate optical polarization characteristic when it is biased under the threshold current. When it is biased above the threshold current, the laser for thin active layer of d = 0.15approx.0.40 ..mu..m is generally observed only in fundamental order mode, and TE mode polarization is predominant. At this time, polarization selection is dependent on Fabry-Perot cavity facet (cleaved face) mode reflectivity R/sub 0/. But TM mode is saturated at the threshold, the current applied to the laser above the threshold is used to enhance the TE polarization when the active thickness d is larger than 0.4 ..mu..m, the competition between TE and TM mode, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The results of real-time neutron diffraction measurements during the superconducting phase formation process in the Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system are reported. A Sr-Ca-Cu-O type precursor, with the same stoichiometry as the 2223 phase, was used as starting material, and the temperature range favorable to the formation of the 2223 phase was investigated. The diffraction patterns were processed by a multiphase Rietveld refinement. The formation and decomposition of the 2201 and 2212 phases were directly observed. Experimental evidence on the existence of a partially melted phase in the range 855-860[degrees]C, involved in the formation of the 2223 phase, is discussed. 14 refs., 9 figs., 1 tab.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper evaluates the electric current terms from the longitudinal gradient of the longitudinal electric field in Bipolar Field-Effect-Transistors (BiFETs) with a pure base and two MOS gates operating in the unipolar (electron) current mode. These nMOS-BiFETs, known as nMOS-FinFETs, usually have electrically short channels compared with their intrinsic Debye length of about 25 #mu#m at room temperatures. These longitudinal electric current terms are important short-channel current components, which have been neglected in the computation of the long-channel electrical characteristics. This paper shows that the long-channel electrical characteristics are substantially modified by the longitudinal electrical current terms when the physical channel length is less than 100 nm.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Development of useful high-critical-temperature (high-{Tc}) superconductors requires synthesis of superconducting compounds; fabrication of wires, tapes, and films from these compounds; production of composite structures that incorporate stabilizers or insulators; and design and testing of efficient components. This report describes technical progress of research and development efforts aimed at producing superconducting components based on the Y-Ba-Cu, Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu, Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu, and Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu oxides systems. Topics discussed are synthesis and heat treatment of high-{Tc} superconductors, formation of monolithic and composite wires and tapes, superconductor/metal connectors, characterization of structures and superconducting and mechanical properties, and fabrication and properties of thin films. Collaborations with industry and academia are also documented. 10 figs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The "1"2C induced fission of "2"0"9Bi at particle energy of 84.2 MeV has been studied using gamma ray spectrometry. The cross sections for the production of fission products have been determined. The charge distribution has also been studied and the relative fractional cumulative yields of "9"2Y, "9"7Zr, "9"9Mo, "1"0"1Mo, "1"0"5Rh, "1"1"2Pd and "1"1"7"mCd determined. The yield distribution of fission products has been found to be broad (FWHM #approx =# 18) with a peak near mass #approx =# 105. (author). 7 refs., 2 tabs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Granger instantaneous-causality test is applied to explore the potential causal relationships between wholesale electricity and natural-gas prices in California. The test shows these relationships to be bi-directional, and reveals California's electricity and natural-gas markets to be as inextricably intertwined as casual observation and theoretical considerations would suggest they ought to be. This meshing of markets exacerbated the effects of California's natural-gas crisis on the contemporaneous electricity crisis, while concurrently the electricity crisis may have contributed to the dysfunction in the national-gas market and helped to precipitate the natural-gas crisis. The finding supports an integrated approach, as opposed to a piecemeal approach, for formulating energy policy recommendations, not just in California but in the world at large.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The alpha particle induced fission of "2"0"9Bi has been investigated for E_#alpha# = 55.7 and 58.6 MeV using gamma ray spectrometry. The cross sections for the production of fission products have been determined. The mass distributions have been found to be broad with a peak near mass 104. The charge distribution has been studied at the same particle energies. The fractional cumulative yields of "9"7Zr, "9"9Mo, "1"0"1Mo, "1"1"2Pd and "1"1"7"mCd have been determined using gamma ray spectrometry. The width of charge distribution is broad. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A comparative core design study is performed on Pb-Bi cooled reactors with forced and natural convection (FC and NC) cooling. Major interests of the study are core performance and core safety features. The designed core concepts with nitride fuel achieve reasonable breeding capability. The results of unprotected event analyses such as UTOP and ULOF show that both of concepts have possible features to withstand unprotected events due to negative reactivity feedback by Doppler effect, control rod drive line expansion, etc. These results lead to a conclusion that both of concepts have possible capability as one of future promising core concepts. A FC cooling core concept has more advantage if fuel recycle viewpoint is emphasized. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors report on a search for pair production of first-generation scalar leptoquarks (LQ) in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 252 pb{sup -1} collected at the Fermilab Tevatron collider by the D0 detector. They observe no evidence for LQ production in the topologies arising from LQ{ovr LQ} {yields} eqeq and LQ{ovr LQ} {yields} eqvq, and derive 95% C.L. lower limits on the LQ mass as a function of {beta}, where {beta} is the branching fraction for LQ {yields} eq. The limits are 241 and 218 GeV/c{sup 2} for {beta} = 1 and 0.5, respectively. These results are combined with those obtained by D0 at {radical}s = 1.8 TeV, which increases these LQ mass limits to 256 and 234 GeV/c{sup 2}.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Energy band diagrams of LaCuOCh (Ch = S, Se and Te) were calculated by a full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method. The calculations, based on the local density approximation with/without an on-site Coulomb repulsion parameter, were to examine the energy levels of La 4f states. The results of the calculations showed that the on-site correlation parameter is necessary for evaluating the energy levels of La 4f states appropriately. The calculations for LaCuOCh with the on-site correlation parameter revealed that LaCuOS and LaCuOSe have almost the same energy band structure with a direct allowed-type band gap, while LaCuOTe has significantly different conduction band structure that exhibits an indirect-type band gap. This difference in electronic structure between LaCuOCh (Ch = S, Se and Te) is consistent with the observed optical properties of these materials.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We study the spectral evolution of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) taking into account the energy injected when they are young. We model the evolution of the magnetic field inside a uniformly expanding PWN. Considering time-dependent injection from the pulsar and coolings by radiative and adiabatic losses, we solve the evolution of the particle distribution function. The model is calibrated by fitting the calculated spectrum to the observations of the Crab Nebula at an age of a thousand years. The spectral evolution of the Crab Nebula in our model shows that the flux ratio of TeV #gamma#-rays to X-rays increases with time, which implies that old PWNe are faint in X-rays, but not in TeV #gamma#-rays. The increase of this ratio is because the magnetic field decreases with time and is not because the X-ray emitting particles are cooled more rapidly than the TeV #gamma#-ray emitting particles. Our spectral evolution model matches ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The plans for the CERN LHC heavy ion program in 2010 are for collisions of lead ions during the month of November at an energy about half of the final 5.5 TeV/nucleon. The advanced preparations are mostly for extrapolations of the measurements at the maximum energy previously available, Au + Au at 0.2 TeV/nucleon. Because of the large increase in energy, surprises can be expected. One new feature made possible by the increased energy and the excellent muon energy resolution of CMS will be the study of the yields of the excited states of the upsilon meson as a function of angle and centrality. Although the main emphasis will be on the QGP formed by the overlapping parts of the Pb ions, the spectator parts and the electromagnetic field outside of the ions, #gamma#-Pb and #gamma##gamma#, are also important.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conductivity and Hall effect measurements were made in dark and IR-photoexcited p-type ZnTe samples between 77 and 300 K. Acceptor vacancy complexes of activation energies 0.09-0.1 eV were found to be present in the photoexcited samples. Different possible scattering mobilities were considered for both samples to explain the observed hole mobility. In the photoexcited sample a scattering mobility due to vacancy complexes was suggested for the first time to explain the results. The scattering centres were associated with native vacancy complexes segregated at the dislocations sites. The expression for the complex scattering mobility has been deduced using the curve fitting method to be {mu}{sub C}=(6.6x10{sup -11})T{sup 5} e{sup 725/T}. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

The Baikal Neutrino Telescope has been operating in its NT200 configuration since April, 1998. The telescope has been upgraded in April, 2005, to the 10 Mton scale detector NT200+. It's main physics goal is the detection of signals from high energy neutrino cascades. NT200+ reaches a 3-year sensitivity of 2 \\times 10^{-7}cm^{-2}s^{-1}sr^{-1}GeV for an all-flavor diffuse cosmic E^{-2} neutrino flux for energies 10^2 TeV \\div 10^5 TeV. Desgin and sensitivity of NT200+ are described. NT200+ is forming the basic building block of a future km3-scale (Gigaton-Volume) Baikal Telescope. Research and development work on that next stage detector has started.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We estimate the TeV {gamma}-ray fluxes expected from the population of young pulsars in terms of the self-consistent time-dependent hadronic-leptonic model for the high-energy processes inside the pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). This radiation model is based on the hypothesis of Arons and collaborators who postulate that leptons are accelerated inside the nebulae as a result of resonant scattering on heavy nuclei, which in turn are accelerated in the pulsar wind region or the pulsar inner magnetosphere. Our aim is to find out which PWNe on the northern hemisphere are the best candidates for detection at energies above 60 GeV and 200 GeV by the next generation of low-threshold Cherenkov telescopes.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors present the results of a search for W{prime} boson decaying to electron-neutrino pairs in p{bar p} collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV, using a data sample corresponding to 205 pb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at Fermilab. They observe no evidence for this decay mode and set limits on the production cross section times branching fraction, assuming the neutrinos from W{prime} boson decays to be light. If they assume the manifest left-right symmetric model, they exclude a W{prime} boson with mass less than 788 GeV/c{sup 2} at the 95% confidence level.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this Brief Report, we consider dijet production at {gamma}{gamma} colliders as a probe of recently proposed, large extra-dimensional gravity models. The exchange of virtual, spin-2 graviton towers (Kaluza-Klein excitations) significantly modifies the cross section, as compared to the standard model predictions. We find that, in order to maximize the value of the effective scale that can be probed at a given center-of-mass energy, a very severe p{sub T} cut should be applied; in general, a p{sub T} equal to approximately 46% of the e{sup +}e{sup -} beam energy gives the highest reach. We find that we can probe the effective mass scale from about 2.7 TeV to 11.1 TeV, depending on the center-of-mass energy and assumptions about the model. (c) 2000 The American Physical Society.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To sophisticate the nuclear fuel recycling processes, the transfer percentages for Pd, Mo, Te, and Sb should be determined. Each element solution containing NaNO_3 or HNO_3 was fed consistently into the thin film evaporator regulated in vac and at 50 deg C. The analyte percentages in the inside of the lid, in the condenser, and in the distillate were 10"-"1%/m"2, 10"-"3%/m"2, and 10"-"3% (DF = 10"5), respectively. The Mo percentage in the condenser was lower by a factor of 10 than those of other elements investigated. The NO_3"- percentages were nearly constant despite increasing HNO_3 concentrations, however, the ratios decreased with increasing NaNO_3 concentrations. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tumor-targeted monoclonal antibodies (mAb) might be useful as diagnostic or therapeutic agents when linked to cytotoxic or imaging reagents. Our group is working to test this hypothesis by linking cytocidal and image-producing isotopes to mAb and testing the utility of the radioimmunoconjugates formed in animal model systems. Radioiodines were first employed for these purposes,but unfavorable nuclear properties (half-lives, #gamma#-ray and #beta#-particle energies) and chemical reactivity (deiodination in vivo) limit their utility. Labeling immunoproteins with metallic radionuclides offers more versatility in that the selection of potentially useful radiometals spans the periodic table.Of the metallic radionuclides with physical properties most suited for use with mAb in nuclear medicine, few are more available or desirable than those of bismuth ("2"1"2Bi) and lead ("2"0"3Pb, "2"1"2Pb), as listed in Table 1. "2"1"2Bi or "2"1"2Pb could serve as ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Production of lead-203 by proton irradiation of bismuth metal has been investigated as a replacement method for commercially available lead-203. Targets of bismuth metal (0.1 cm thick) were irradiated for periods of 1-3 hours with 90 MeV protons. After processing of the target, the estimated yield of lead-2-3 was 30 millicuries/microamp.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The basics of a supersymmetric SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1)_B-I, model are reviewed. The production and subsequent decays of the doubly charged triplet higgsino #DELTA##+-##+-# in the Next Linear Collider are discussed. The slepton pair production in the framework of this model is also analyzed. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Magnetic properties of layer ferromagnets against the thickness are investigated. Two new compounds served for studies: Bisub(6)Tisub(2)Nbsub(0,5)Fesub(2,5)Osub(18) and Bi_7Ti_3Fe_3O_2_1. The Moessbauer effect and the magnetic susceptibility measurements were applied in the experiment. The Faraday method was used in magnetic measurements in fields from 1 to 9,5 kOe. The results of Moessbauer measurements show that temperature dependence of the spectra is typical for compounds with superparamagnetic properties. The magnetic fields Hsub(n) on Fe"5"7 nuclei in Bisub(6)Tisub(2)Nbsub(0,5)Fesub(2,5)Osub(18) and Bi_7Ti_3Fe_3O_2_1 are similar and equal to 520+-10 kOe. Therefore it may be concluded that relaxation times of nuclear spins in these compounds are equal or close to each other. The lines of quadrupole splitting appear in spectra together at 20 K. The results of magnetic measurements show that the Curie-Weiss law is satisfied in the range of ...

Science.gov (United States)

The report describes the site specific changes required to convert an existing lime FGD system to a limestone system enhanced by dibasic acid (DBA) or adipic acid, and the costs of making such a change. In 1982-83, pilot plant tests were conducted at the R. D. Green Station of Bi...

Science.gov (United States)

Superconductivity of A-15 Compounds in the-System Nb-Ge-Sn Synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition, -. J. Engelhardt and G. W. Webb, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Barbiturates substituted at the 5-position with organyltelluroalkyl or organylselenoalkyl groups were prepared by ring annulation of appropriately substituted diethyl malonates with urea or thiourea. The substituted diethyl malonates (phenyltellurobutyl(ethyl), i-propyltelluropropyl(ethyl), i-propyltelluropropyl(allyl), i-propyselenopropyl(ethyl), and phenylselenohexyl(methyl)) were prepared in 55-91% yield by reaction of diethyl omega-bromoalkyl(alkyl)malonates with organyltellurolates or selenolates (RXNa; X = Se, Te) in ethanol/benzene. The following barbiturates were obtained in 28-84% yield: phenyltellurobutyl(ethyl), m.p. 100/sup 0/C; i-propyltelluropropyl(ethyl), m.p. 119/sup 0/C; i-propylselenopropyl(ethyl), m.p. 137/sup 0/C; phenyl-selenohexyl(methyl), m.p. 124/sup 0/C. The 5-substituted thiobarbiturates i-propyltelluropropyl(ethyl)-(m.p. 75/sup 0/C) and i-propylselenopropyl(ethyl)thiobarbiturate (m.p. 83/sup 0/C) were isolated in 32 and 20% yield, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Comparison of plasma density increase was carried out in outer and inner channels of the interferometer in T-11M tokamak. There were two cases of gas puffing: by outer valve or upper one. Amplitude of difference of the plasma density increase consisted of 9% near the outer valve. Perturbation of the electric potential e?1/Te can have similar value. This perturbation can lead to appearance of the additional losses.

CERN Document Server

An energy frontier or QCD Explorer ep and collider can be realized by colliding high-energy photons generated by Compton backscattered off a CLIC electron beam, at either 75 GeV or 1.5 TeV, with protons or ions stored in the LHC. In this study we discuss a performance optimization of this type of collider by tailoring the parameters of both CLIC and LHC. An estimate of the ultimately achievable luminosity is given.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the scope of all relevant production modes of charged Higgs bosons in the MSSM, with mass larger than the one of the top quark, at future Linear Colliders operating in #gamma##gamma# mode at the TeV energy scale. Final states with one or two H"#+-# bosons are considered, as produced by both tree- and loop-level interactions. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Novel ligands cis-2,6-bis[N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)aminomethyl]-1-piperidineacetic acid (PIP-DTPA), cis-[(1R,11S)-6,9,15-Tris-carboxymethyl-3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1] pentadec-3-yl]-acetic acid (PIP-DOTA), cis-{l_brace}2,7-bis-[bis-carboxymethyl-amino)-methyl]-azepan-1-yl{r_brace}-acetic acid (AZEP-DTPA), [2-(4,7-bis-carboxymethyl-[1,4,7]triazacyclononan-1-yl-ethyl] -2-carbonylmethyl-amino]-tetraacetic acid (NETA) and [{l_brace}4-carboxymethyl-7-[2-(carboxymethylamino)-ethyl]-perhydro-1,4,7-triazonin-1-yl{r_brace}-acetic acid (NPTA) are investigated as potential chelators of {sup 177}Lu, {sup 9}Y, {sup 212}Pb and {sup 213}Bi for radioimmunotherapy (RIT). The new ligands are radiolabeled with {sup 177}Lu, {sup 86/88/9}Y, {sup 203}Pb and {sup 205/6}Bi, and in vitro stability and in vivo stability of the radiolabeled complexes are assessed in human serum and athymic mice, respectively. In vitro studies indicate that all radiolabeled complexes ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Praseodymium-doped Bi{sub 4}Ti{sub 3}O{sub 12} (BIT) with various compositions of dopant, Pr (x = 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8) in Bi{sub 4-x}Pr{sub x}Ti{sub 3}O{sub 12} (BPT) were synthesized using a low temperature wet chemical technique. Powders calcined at 800 deg. C exhibit a single phase polycrystalline perovskite bismuth-layered structure. Randomly oriented plate-like structures were observed under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). A small amount of Pr doping (x = 0.5) resulted in dramatically reduced of grain size from 2 {mu}m to less than 50 nm in which Pr plays the role as a grain growth inhibitor. However, by increasing the composition of Pr, bigger grain size of up to 1 {mu}m was observed for x = 0.8 that was caused by diffusion of Pr in the perovskite structure. Dielectric properties showed that dielectric permittivity decreased with the addition of x = 0.50, and increasing with further addition of Pr. Dissipation factor (tan {delta}) ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Praseodymium-doped Bi4Ti3O12 (BIT) with various compositions of dopant, Pr (x=0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8) in Bi4-xPrxTi3O12 (BPT) were synthesized using a low temperature wet chemical technique. Powders calcined at 800degreeC exhibit a single phase polycrystalline perovskite bismuth-layered structure. Randomly oriented plate-like structures were observed under Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). A small amount of Pr doping (x=0.5) resulted in dramatically reduced of grain size from 2mm to less than 50nm in which Pr plays the role as a grain growth inhibitor. However, by increasing the composition of Pr, bigger grain size of up to 1mm was observed for x=0.8 that was caused by diffusion of Pr in the perovskite structure. Dielectric properties showed that dielectric permittivity decreased with the ad...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Site-selective spectroscopy fluorescence experiments (emission and excitation) in the near-infrared region associated with the "4I_1_5_/_2_4I_1_1_/_2 transitions of Er"3"+ ions have been successfully used to show the presence of two different Er"3"+ centres in the Bi_1_2SiO_2_0 piezoelectric crystal. Green (545-570 nm), red (650-690 nm) and near-infrared (850-890 nm) up-converted emissions have been observed and resolved for each type of centre under excitation up to the "4_I_1_1_/_2 state. The Stark energy level schemes of the three lower energy states of Er"3"+ ions have been determined and compared for both centres, showing two quite different crystalline field environments. The mechanisms responsible for the up-conversion process (excited state absorption and/or energy transfer up-conversion) are also analysed. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report ab initio calculations of positron wave functions in the high-T/sub c/ superconductors YBa_2Cu_3O_7, Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8, and Tl_2Ba_2CaCu_2O_8 using the general potential linearized augmented plane-wave method. The calculated positron wave functions are fairly insensitive to whether or not electron-positron correlation is included in the calculation for YBa_2Cu_3O_7 and Tl_2Ba_2CaCu_2O_8, but the calculated positron density is quite sensitive to correlation in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8. While the positron wave function samples primarily the chain region in YBa_2Cu_3O_7, the results indicate that positrons should be good probes of the Cu-O layer-derived electronic states near the Fermi energy in Tl_2Ba_2CaCu_2O_8 since a large overlap with these states is predicted.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Excitation functions (#alpha#,3n) and (#alpha#,4n) for "2"0"9Bi have been measured up to 60 MeV #alpha#-particle energy. The excitation functions are measured at 15#alpha#-particle energies by a stack foil technique in two steps. Excitation functions for the above two reactions have been reported for the first time in the energy range from 40 to 60 MeV. The measured experimental values are compared with the geometry-dependent hybrid (GDH) model in which the emission of particles prior to the equilibrium decay is taken into account whenever the interaction of projectile with the target nucleus is considered. It is found that the compound nucleus decay mechanism alone is unable to explain the experimental trend of our data. The initial exciton number 4 with different configurations has been tested and it is concluded that the configuration (2n + 2p + 0h) gives the best fit to the experimental data. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vanadium doped manganese bi-oxide has been obtained from a solution containing both cations. The X-ray diffraction of this material indicates a rutile-type phase but the enlargement of some lines supports the existence of several lattice defects. Also the particle size of the doped material is significantly smaller than the one of the non-doped material obtained in the same conditions. The presence of pentavalent vanadium inside the lattice leads to a small amount of trivalent manganese. Electron microscopy shows the existence of defects which have a tendency of becoming well-ordered and to stabilize a sur-structure. At ambient temperature, the electrochemical behaviour of doped manganese bi-oxide is greatly improved when compared to the non-doped phase. This behaviour is due to the presence of numerous lattice defects and to the smaller size of crystallites. In polymer batteries, the behaviour is similar the one of the non-doped material for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Taiheiyo coal deashed using acid treatment and loaded with potassium or calcium was hydro-cracked under gaseous phase to discuss effects of these metals on liquefaction reaction. In addition, the loaded coal was added with red mud catalyst to examine effects of the addition. The loaded potassium has a softening power, and particularly the potassium adsorbed into surface and micropores in the coal decomposes selectively HI-BS and BI-PS and generates gas and HS. On the other hand, potassium deposited on coal surface promotes direct gas production from the coal. Irrespective of its loading modes, calcium has a catalytic nature to produce HI-BS selectively. Calcium also acts to impede decomposition of HI-BS into HS. Adding red mud catalyst to potassium loaded coal increases the inversion rate and the liquefaction yield, and most of the increase is accounted for by HI -BS, and BI-PS. When red mud catalyst is added to calcium loaded coal, the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A highly reliable screening method was developed for the determination of lead in tin plated layers and tin-bismuth plated layers. The contents of lead in the layers of the various samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The calibration curve for lead in the tin and tin-bismuth plated layers by using WD-XRF exhibited linear correlation from 130 #mu#g/g to 2070 #mu#g/g. Calibration curve of lead normalized with Pb-L#alpha#/Sn-K#alpha# intensity was more linear, and this method was possible to evaluate very small sample. The calibration curve for lead in the tin plated layers by using ED-XRF was good linearly, but it for lead in the tin-bismuth plated layers was affected by Pb-L#alpha# spectrum and Bi-L#alpha# spectrum overlap each other. It was effective for decreasing affect of Bi-L#alpha# spectrum by using curve fitting method. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The main conclusion of the study on the title subject is that the impacts of climatic change in the Netherlands are still limited. However, the impacts will be stronger in the next decades and will be even problematic at the end of this century. In this book an overview is given of probable changes in the climate for the Netherlands, danger for flooding in specific areas of the Netherlands, changes of the nature, impacts for agriculture, tourism and recreation, and industry and businesses, and risks for public health. [Dutch] De effecten van klimaatverandering in Nederland zijn nu nog beperkt. Ze zullen echter de komende decennia toenemen, maar pas tegen het eind van deze eeuw problematisch worden. Dat is de hoofdboodschap van de titelstudie. De studie is opgesteld in samenwerking met een reeks instellingen, die zijn verenigd in het Platform Communicatie Klimaatverandering (PCCC). Het klimaat verandert: de zeespiegel stijgt, de afvoeren van de rivieren nemen toe. De natuur reageert al ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Transient, greatly enhanced diffusion has been observed on annealing solid-phase-epitaxial (SPE) grown Si-Sb alloys. This is shown to be due to a high concentration of interstitials being trapped during SPE regrowth. The migration enthalpy, for diffusion of Sb by an interstitialcy mechanism was measured as 1.8 +/- 0.2 eV. The interstitials eventually condensed into loops, marking the end of the transient. In a SPE grown Si-Bi alloy a similar transient enhanced diffusion was observed, with an activation energy of 2.0 +/- 0.2 eV, but no loops formed. 8 figures, 7 references.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The K-shell X-ray intensity ratios for W, Au, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th and U were measured at a photon incident energy of 121.9 keV from "5"7Co radionuclide. A comparison between the experimental results and the theoretically calculated values shows that the experimental results are, in general, higher than the theoretical values. The measured intensities are regarded to be reported for the first time. (author) 9 refs.; 1 tab.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We are investigating a novel insulator concept which involves the use of alternating layers of conductors and insulators with periods less than 1 mm. These structures perform many times better (about 1.5 to 4 times higher breakdown electric field) than conventional insulators in long pulse, short pulse, and alternating polarity applications. We present our ongoing studies investigating the degradation of the breakdown electric field resulting from surface roughness, the effect of gas pressure, and the performance of the insulator structure under bi-polar stress. Further, we present our initial modeling studies.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Leachability of neutron irradiated fly ash is investigated as a method for studying element leaching properties of this material with various leaching media. Quantitative aspects of radiation damage are shown to be minor. Therefore, the technique should be applicable for this purpose. It is further shown that this technique affords significant advantages over the conventional post-leaching analysis with respect to utilization of natural solutions for the investigation of fly ash leachability. However, for a few elements such as Pb, Bi, V, and Al, the various nuclear parameters involved invalidate applicability of the present technique.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Oxide ionic conductivities of (CeO_2)_x(Sc_2O_3)_(_0_._1_1_-_x_)(ZrO_2)_0_._8_9 (x = 0.01-0.10) electrolytes were optimized for the application in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (IT-SOFC). Powders with different contents of CeO_2 and Sc_2O_3 were prepared via a co-precipitation method. The obtained powders and pellets were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and impedance spectroscopy. Among all the compositions, (CeO_2)_0_._0_4(Sc_2O_3)_0_._0_7(ZrO_2)_0_._8_9(4Ce7ScZr) gives the highest ionic conductivity of 0.065 S cm"-"1 at 800 "oC. The effects on densification and electrical properties of different sintering additives, such as SiO_2, MgO, Co_3O_4, MoO_3 and Bi_2O_3, were studied and different conducting behavior with these additives were observed. The densification temperatures of CeO_2 and Sc_2O_3 co-doped electrolytes can be reduced by around 280 "oC with the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Complete energy spectra and angular distributions of the light charged particles (A < or = 4) were measured for the bombardment of "2"7Al, "5"8Ni, "9"0Zr, "2"0"9Bi, and "2"3"2Th with 140 MeV #alpha# particles. The spectral shapes of a given emitted particle are very similar for all target nuclei except in the region of the evaporation peak. The slopes of the energy spectra in the forward direction become steeper as the mass of the observed particle decreases and vary very rapidly with angles. The experimental data can be characterized by compound nuclear evaporation processes at low energies, or at backward angles, and by direct reactions, nonequilibrium components and projectile breakup processes at high energies and forward angles. The breakup cross section for #alpha# particles is found to be appreciable. The total yield of light charged particles is approximately a factor approx. 2 to 3 larger than the total reaction cross section for "2"7Al, "5"8Ni, and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Two-Beam Accelerator (TBA) consists of a long high-gradient accelerator structure (HGS) adjacent to an equal-length Free Electron Laser (FEL). In the FEL, a beam propagates through a long series of undulators. At regular intervals, waveguides couple microwave power out of the FEL into the HGS. To replenish energy given up by the FEL beam to the microwave field induction accelerator units are placed periodically along the length or the FEL. In this manner it is expected to achieve gradients of more than 250 MV/m and thus have serious option for a 1 TeV /times/ 1 TeV linear collider. The state of present theoretical understanding of the TBA is presented with particular emphasis upon operation of the ''steady-state'' FEL, phase and amplitude control of the rf wave, and suppression of sideband instabilities. Experimental work has focused upon the development of a suitable HGS and the testing of this structure ...

CERN Document Server

A high luminosity (10e34 - 10e35 cm square/s) electron-positron Collider (CLIC) with a nominal centre-of-mass energy of 3 TeV has been under study for a number of years at CERN within an international collaboration of laboratories and institutes to provide the HEP community with a new accelerator-based facility for the post-LHC era. In order to achieve the very high design luminosity, very low emittance beams have to be produced and focused down to very small beam sizes at the interaction point. Beam acceleration using high frequency normal-conducting structures operating at high accelerating fields significantly reduces the length and, in consequence, the cost of the linac. The overall length of the 3 TeV collider is about 33 km. The goals of the CLIC scheme are ambitious, and require further R&D to demonstrate that they are indeed technically feasible. A new test facility is being built at CERN for this purpose with the aim to demonstrate ...

CERN Document Server

We introduce a methodology for analysis of multiwavelength data from X-ray selected BL Lac (XBL) objects detected in the TeV regime. By assuming that the radio--through--X-ray flux from XBLs is nonthermal synchrotron radiation emitted by isotropically-distributed electrons in the randomly oriented magnetic field of a relativistic blazar jet, we obtain the electron spectrum. This spectrum is then used to deduce the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) spectrum as a function of the Doppler factor, magnetic field, and variability timescale. The variability timescale is used to infer the comoving blob radius from light travel-time arguments, leaving only two parameters. With this approach, we accurately simulate the synchrotron and SSC spectrum of flaring XBLs in the Thomson through Klein-Nishina regimes. Photoabsorption by interactions with internal jet radiation and the intergalactic background light (IBL) is included. Doppler factors, magnetic fields, and absolute jet ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The behaviour of tetracycline as an extracting agent for Sr, I, Ba, Mo, Tc, Zr, Nb, Cs, Ru, Te and U was studied and the influence of the acidity of the aqueous phase upon extraction of the elements mentioned was examined. Experiments were made to determine whether the species extracted into the organic phase is the complex formed between tetracycline and the elements considered and to determine the time of shaking necessary so that the equilibrium between the phases is attained. As a practical application, the possibility of using the tetracycline-benzyl alcohol system for separating the fission products sup(137)Cs, sup(140)La, sup(141)Ce, sup(103)Ru, sup(95)Nb from each other and from uranium is presented. The same study was made for sup(131)I, sup(99m)Tc, sup(99)Mo, sup(132)Te, sup(239)Np and uranium and the steps necessary for the separation of these elements are proposed.

CERN Document Server

We present a phenomenological analysis of the recent Tevatron results on the $t \\bar t$ forward-backward asymmetry and invariant-mass spectrum assuming a new contribution from an s-channel gluon resonance with a mass in the range from 700 to 2500 GeV. In contrast to most of the previous works, this analysis shows that for masses below ~1 TeV resonant New Physics could accommodate the experimental data. In general, we find that axial-like couplings are preferred for light and top quark couplings, and that only top quark couples strongly to New Physics. We find that composite model scenarios arise naturally from only phenomenological analyses of the experimental results. We show that our results are compatible with recent LHC limits in dijet and $t \\bar t$ production, and find some tension for large resonance mass ~2.5 TeV. We indicate as best observables for discriminating a relatively light new gluon a better resolution in CDF ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A measurement of the t{bar t} production cross section at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV in the dilepton final states using a lepton+track selection and secondary vertex b-tagging is presented. One of the two leptons from the decay of the t{bar t} pair is allowed to be identified only as an isolated track to improve the selection efficiency. The result is combined with a measurement in the t{bar t} {yields} e{mu} final state. The measurements are based on 370 pb{sup -1} of data collected with the D0 experiment at the Tevatron collider. The preliminary cross section obtained in the combined lepton+track and e{mu} channel is: {sigma}{sub t{bar t}} = 8.6{sub -1.7}{sup +1.9}(stat) {+-} 1.1(syst) {+-} 0.6(lumi) pb.

CERN Document Server

Using Zgamma candidate events collected by the CDF detector at the Tevatron Collider, we search for potential anomalous (non-standard-model) couplings between the Z boson and the photon. At the hard scatter energies typical of the Tevatron, standard model Zgamma couplings are too weak to be detected by current experiments; hence any evidence of couplings indicates new physics. Measurements are performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 /fb in the Z -> nunubar decay channel and 5.1 /fb in the Z -> l^+l^- (l=mu, e) decay channels. The combination of these measurements provides the most stringent limits to date on Zgamma trilinear gauge couplings. Using an energy scale of Lambda = 1.5 TeV to allow for a direct comparison with previous measurements, we find limits on the CP-conserving parameters that describe Zgamma couplings to be |h_3^{\\gamma,Z}| < 0.017 and |h_4^{\\gamma,Z}| < 0.0006. These results are consistent with standard ...

CERN Document Server

Present and future ultra-high-energy-cosmic-ray facilities (e.g., the Pierre Auger Observatory with South and North components) and TeV-gamma-ray telescope arrays (e.g., HESS/VERITAS and CTA) have the potential to set stringent indirect bounds on the nine Lorentz-violating parameters of nonbirefringent modified Maxwell theory minimally coupled to standard Dirac theory. Theoretically, the most interesting case is isotropic Lorentz violation, which is described by a single parameter [taken to vanish for the case of the standard Lorentz-invariant theory]. It appears possible to obtain in the future an upper (lower) indirect bound on this single isotropic Lorentz-violating parameter at the +10^{-21} (-10^{-17}) level. Comparison is made with existing and future direct bounds from laboratory experiments. The possible physics implications of upper bounds at the 10^{-21} level are also briefly discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The structural, morphological and optical properties of vacuum-evaporated CdTe thin films were investigated as a function of substrate temperature and post-deposition annealing without and with CdCl2/treatment at 400 C for 30 min. Diffraction patterns are almost the same exhibiting higher preferential orientation corresponding to (111) plane of the cubic phase. The intensity of the (111) peak increased with the CdCl2/annealing treatment. The microstructure observed for all films following the CdCl2/annealing treatment are granular, regardless of the as-deposited microstructure. The grain sizes are increased after the CdCl2/annealing treatment but now contain voids around the grain boundaries. The optical band gaps, Eg, were found to be 1.50, 1.50 and 1.48 eV for films deposited at 200 K and annealed without and with CdCl2/treatment at 400 C for 30 min respectively. A progressive sharpening of the absorption edge upon heat treatment particularly for the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heat transfer and flow characteristics of water boiling flow were experimentally investigated in narrow horizontal rectangular channels with the gaps of 0.6mm-2.03mm. The heat transfer of two-phase boiling flow was weakend in smaller gap. The two-phase friction pressure drop decreased with the gap size and the two-phase friction multipliers were smaller compared with those in normal channels. Correlations to predict te boiling heat transfer coefficients were obtained. (author)

CERN Document Server

The LHC is designed to provide proton beams of 7 TeV and nominal luminosity of 10**34 cm**-2s**-1. This objective is achieved at an affordable cost by pushing all major collider components to the limits of technology, by upgrading the existing CERN accelerators and infrastructure, and by involving the technical expertise, resources and dedication of accelerator laboratories world-wide. Following a decade of intensive R&D and technical validation of major collider systems, the LHC construction is now fully underway. Major industrial contracts have been awarded and are in execution for the procurement of the magnet, cryogenics and other systems. In this report, the status of the design and construction of the major LHC systems is presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present methods to measure the beam polarizations and the luminosity of [gamma][gamma] colliders at TeV energy scale. The beam polarizations of a [gamma][gamma] collider can easily be monitored by comparing the numbers of events of the processes [gamma][gamma] [yields] l[sup +]l[sup -] and [gamma][gamma] [yields] W[sup +] W[sup -], where l means e or [mu]. The luminosity of a [gamma][gamma] collider is also measurable by the event rate of W boson pair productions and the light lepton pair productions. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recent developments in the physical model of 1 MeV to 100 TeV hadron and lepton interactions with nuclei and atoms are described. These include a new nuclear cross section library, a model for soft pion production, the cascade-exciton model, the dual parton model, deuteron-nucleus and neutrino-nucleus interaction models, detailed description of mu, pi and anti p absorption and a unified treatment of muon and charged hadron electromagnetic interactions with matter. New algorithms are implemented into the MARS13(98) Monte Carlo code and benchmarked against experimental data. The code capabilities to simulate cascades and generate a variety of results in complex media have been also enhanced.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Gamma Physics (GaP) program of physical phenomena investigation is proposed on #gamma#p, #gamma#e and #gamma##gamma# colliders at TeV energies. The program contains specialized software (CompHEP system) created for automation of particle interaction processes calculations in the framework of various gauge models. Preliminary physical results are presented (heavy quark production, W, Z production, supersymmetry etc.), and further software development is suggested. (R.P.) 22 refs., 8 figs., 4 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors present a measurement of the B{sub s}{sup 0} meson lifetime using fully and partially reconstructed hadronic decays B{sub s}{sup 0} {yields} D{sub s}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}(X) followed by D{sub s}{sup -} {yields} {phi}{pi}{sup -}. The data sample was recorded with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.3 fb{sup -1} from p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the chargino production process #gamma##gamma# #-># (W-tilde)"+(W-tilde)"- at high energy #gamma##gamma# colliders in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). Here the high energy #gamma# beams are obtained by the backward Compton scattering of the laser flush by the electron in the basic linear TeV ee colliders. We consider the polarization of the laser photons as well as the electron beams. Appropriate beam polarization could be effective to enhance the cross section to for us extract the signal from the dominant background #gamma##gamma# #-># W"+W"-. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We develop a new cavity with a mode similar to TE13 to produce microwave plasma, named APMPS II, which is able to produce a mass of air plasma with diameter of around 6 cm, equipped with about 3 kW input power under one atmosphere. The plasma seems to be homogeneous without significant filamentous discharge as observed by common camera device. We present the theory of this cavity, show the distribution of electric field of several planes inside the cavity and give some experimental results. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Monoclinic and trigonal Cr_5Te_8 show a transition into the ferromagnetic state with a Curie temperature T_c, which sensitively depends on the actual composition. Monoclinic samples exhibit a lower T_c despite their higher Cr content. This observation is explained on the basis of less effective ferromagnetic superexchange in the monoclinic compounds and the larger number of Cr atoms being antiferromagnetically coupled. Magnetization experiments performed at 5 K demonstrate that the compounds saturate already at rather low magnetic fields. In addition, small values are estimated for the coercitive field H_c as well as for the remanence magnetization both being typical for weak ferromagnetic materials. The values for the saturation magnetization amount to about 72% and 65% for monoclinic and trigonal Cr_5Te_8, respectively. These low values can partially be explained on the basis of antiferromagnetically coupled Cr(III) d"3 centers. An additional ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Secondary energy can be described as a surplus of electrical energy in a hydropower because the lower demand of energy in some period of the day and the excess of water in the reservoir during the rainy periods. This study proposes the using of the excess of energy at Itaipu Bi nacional for electrolytically hydrogen production and ammonia for nitrogenous fertilizers. Ammonia is a raw material for nitrogenous fertilizers synthesis and produced using hydrogen and nitrogen from the atmosphere. This paper determines the minimal cost of hydrogen production and the capacity of hydrogen production, with this data and according the ammonia market for nitrogenous fertilizers in the Centre/South region was estimated the better capacity of ammonia production for one plant near Itaipu. The process of ammonia production using energy excess is the most environmental acceptable. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary The effects of high-intensity pulsed electromagnetic stimulation (HIPEMS) on proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat neural stem cells in vitro were investigated. Neural stem cells derived from neonatal rats were exposed to 0.1 Hz, 0.5-10 Tesla (T) [8 groups of B-I, respectively], 5 stimuli of HIPEMF. The sham exposure controls were correspondingly established. Inverted phase contrast microscope was used to observe the cultured cells, MTT assay to detect the viability of the cells as expressed by absorbance (A) value, and flow cytometry to measure differentiation of neural stem cells. The results showed that A values of neural stem cells in both 3.0 T and 4.0 T groups were significantly higher than the other groups 24 to 168 h post HPEMS, indicating a strong promotion of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bismuth radioisotopes, produced by 50-MeV proton bombardment of a lead target in a cyclotron, are separated from the lead target material by ion-exchange chromatography on a column containing 5.0 ml of Chelex 100. After a decay period of 24 hr, the /sup 203/Pb formed in situ is eluted from the column and then separated from /sup 200/Tl and /sup 201/Tl on a second ion-exchange column containing 0.5 ml of Chelex 100. Separations are sharp and carrier-free /sup 203/Pb is obtained.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

One of the alternative ideas to solve the spent fuel issues, the partitioning and transmutation (P and T) technology has been developed for decades. Moreover, the concept of LILW production from P and T are proposed by Bowman. A PEACER (Proliferationresistant, Environmental-friendly Accident-tolerant, Continuable and Economical Reactor), based on pyrochemical process and Pb-Bi coolant transmutation reactor, has been conceptually designed to be able to convert all PWR spent fuel into low and intermediate level waste for near-surface disposal. In this study, the acceptance criteria for near-surface disposal facility is derived by the methodology for establishment of acceptance criteria. Then acceptable TRU decontamination factor (DF) and LLFP removal efficiency in order to meet acceptance criteria is evaluated.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We report the fabrication and characterization of glucose-tolerant Raney-platinum cathodes for oxygen reduction in potentially implantable glucose fuel. Fabricated by extraction of aluminum from 1mm thin platinum-aluminum bi-layers annealed at 300^oC, the novel cathodes show excellent resistance against hydrolytic and oxidative attack. This renders them superior over previous cathodes fabricated from hydrogel-bound catalyst particles. Annealing times of 60, 120, and 240min result in approximately 400-550nm thin porous films (roughness factors ~100-150), which contain platinum and aluminum in a ratio of ~9:1. Aluminum release during electrode operation can be expected to have no significant effect on physiological normal levels, which promises good biocompatibility. Annealing time has a dis...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Considering the status of knowledge on corrosion and corrosion protection and especially the need for long term compatibility data of structural materials in HLM a set of experiments to generate reliable long term data was defined and performed. The long term corrosion behaviour of the two structural materials foreseen in ADS, 316L and T91, was investigated in the design relevant temperature field, i.e. from 300 to 550degreeC. The operational window of the two steels in this temperature range was identified and all oxidation data were used to develop and validate the models of oxide scale growth in PbBi. A mechanistic model capable to predict the oxidation rate applying some experimentally fitted parameters has been developed. This model assumes parabolic oxidation and might be used for de...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Sulfur mustard (HD) is an alkylating and cytotoxic chemical warfare agent, which inflicts severe skin toxicity and an inflammatory response. Effective medical countermeasures against HD-caused skin toxicity are lacking due to limited knowledge of related mechanisms, which is mainly attributed to the requirement of more applicable and efficient animal skin toxicity models. Using a less toxic analog of HD, chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), we identified quantifiable inflammatory biomarkers of CEES-induced skin injury in dose- (0.05-2 mg) and time- (3-168 h) response experiments, and developed a CEES-induced skin toxicity SKH-1 hairless mouse model. Topical CEES treatment at high doses caused a significant dose-dependent increase in skin bi-fold thickness indicating edema. Histopathological e...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fuel management simulations have been performed for 0.9% SEU CANFLEX fuel in the Wolsung-1. Based on earlier studies at AECL, the bi-directional, four-bundle-shift fuelling scheme was assumed. Time-averaged simulations resulted in an average discharge burnup of 13.0 MWd/kgU. The derived pin power envelope indicated that the peak linear element rating with CANFLEX fuel is 15% less than that obtained with 0.9% SEU 37-element fuel and there is little power boosting at high burnups. Calculated worths of the reactivity devices are sufficient to provide the control and safety requirements for CANFLEX 0.9% SEU fuel in the Wolsung-1 reactor. (Author).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effects of a modifier that contains Rare Earths (RE), low melting point alloy (Al-Bi-Sb) and Ca-Si alloy on an ultrahigh carbon steel containing 1.9wt.% C were studied. Microstructure characterization was carried out with optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Upon modification, the continuous eutectic carbide network structure was broken up and changed to a partly isolated and finer blocky structure in the as-cast alloy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that the eutectoid temperature increased and the eutectic temperature decreased for the modified alloy. Modification also improved the impact toughness of the tempered steel, with a significant increase from 6.5 to 12.6Jcm^-^2, despite the har...

CERN Document Server

The concept of the 'white-light cavity' has recently generated considerable research interest in the context of gravitational wave detection. Cavity designs are proposed using negative (or anomalous) dispersion in an intracavity medium to make the cavity resonate over a large range of frequencies and still maintain a high cavity build-up. This paper presents the first experimental attempt and demonstration of white-light effect in a meter long ring cavity using an intracavity atomic medium. The medium's negative dispersion is caused by bi-frequency Raman gain in an atomic vapor cell. Although the white light condition was not perfectly achieved and improvements in experimental control are still desirable, significantly broad cavity response over bandwidth greater than 20 MHz has been observed. These devices will have potential applications in new generation laser interferometer gravitational wave detectors.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The static corrosion tests in lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) were conducted from 450degreeC to 600degreeC to understand corrosion behavior and develop corrosion resistant materials for heavy liquid metal systems. While increase of Cr content in steels enhances corrosion resistance in LBE, the effect approaches a constant value above 12wt% of Cr. Corrosion depth in LBE increases with increasing temperature and corrosion attack becomes severe above 550degreeC even under the condition of high oxygen concentration. Nickel dissolution and Pb-Bi penetration occur in 316SS and JPCA above 550degreeC under the condition of high oxygen concentration. When oxygen concentration decreases below the level of Fe oxide formation, corrosion attack on these steels also becomes violent due to dissolution of var...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nepal could harness less than 1% of its 83000 MW hydropower potential. Pancheshwar Multipurpose Project (6720 MW) is a bi-national project on Mahakali River bordering between Nepal and India. The earnings from: electricity (NRs. 34.55 billion/year); irrigation (NRs. 5.55 billion/year), fish farming (NRs. 8.65 billion/year), carbon trading (NRs. 4.42 billion/year) and many billions from other sources e.g. eco-tourism, industry, horticulture, herbiculture, floriculture, sericulture, rafting and water sports, educational and vocational training and other industrial/commercial activities can catapult the socioeconomic horizon of Nepal. Hence, PMP should be jointly developed in the earliest and build confidence for the further hydropower development.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Plasma erosion craters caused by electrical discharges on the surface of materials are important features of the erosion processes resulting in the degradation of electrodes. In the present work, electrical discharges were produced on a bi-metallic Ni/Cu multilayered surface. By means of dual beam techniques, coupling a focused ion beam (FIB) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), not only the surface but also the sub-surface structure of the craters were investigated. Using the combination of SEM, FIB and STEM-EDX, a complete three-dimensional investigation of the craters were carried out. The analysis of the microstructure modifications as a function of depth enabled to determine the field of interaction between the plasma and the material. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Indian PHWRs are designed to operate with natural uranium (NU) as the main fuel. Earlier in the initial fresh core, to achieve flux flattening and hence to operate the reactor at design rated power, limited number of depleted uranium bundles were loaded in the central portion of the core. Presently even in fresh core about 40 % of the core is loaded with depleted uranium bundles (?0.6 wt % 235U) from the consideration of conserving the natural uranium fuel. This is achieved by loading most of the depleted bundles in the peripheral locations of the channels. Successful operation with large number of DU bundles in the fresh core has been proven in MAPS - 2 and MAPS - 1cores after EMCCR as well as in TAPP - 4. In these three reactors 100 % FP was possible even with 40 % DU bundles in the core. In TAPP-4 and 3 initial core, depleted bundles of 0.36 wt % 235U are also loaded to conserve the depleted bundles of 0.6 wt % 235U. Depleted uranium bundles (?0.6 wt % 235U) have been used in the ...

Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english Structural characterisations using the SAXS technique in a number of nanoheterogeneous materials and liquid solutions are reviewed. The studied systems are protein (lysozyme)/water solutions, colloidal ZnO particles/water sols, nanoporous NiO-based xerogels, hybrid organic-inorganic siloxane-PEG and PPG nanocomposites and PbTe semiconductor nanocrystals embedded in a glass matrix. These investigations also focus on the transformations of time-varying structures and on str (more) uctural changes related to variations in temperature and composition. The reviewed investigations aim at explaining the unusual and often interesting properties of nanostructured materials and solutions. Most of the reported studies were carried out using the SAXS beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Campinas, Brazil.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this talk, we summarize recent results obtained from the combined neutrino telescopes IceCube and AMANDA. The combined approach, including data taken from both detectors simultaneously, is compared to other analyses that are using IceCube only data. The main benefit of the combined detector is its improved performance at low energies, meaning energies below 1 TeV (close to the energy threshold of the detector). The discussion is focused on the search for extra-terrestrial neutrinos from candidate sources in our Galaxy. Using appropriate cuts, the sensitivity can be optimized for soft spectra neutrino sources. With the resulting data sample, several studies are performed: an unbinned Galactic Plane Scan and a Cygnus region analysis: the Multi Point Source analysis. The current status of these analyses is presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The future e"+e"- linear colliders can also operate in the e#gamma# or #gamma##gamma# modes. In the context of the top-color assisted technicolor (TC2) model, we study the single charged top-pion production process #gamma##gamma# #-># tb-bar#PI#_t"-. The results show that the production rates can reach the level of tens fb with reasonable parameter values. So one can expect that enough signals could be produced in future high-energy linear collider experiments. Furthermore, the flavor-changing (FC) decay mode #PI#_t"- #-># bc-bar is the best channel to detect the charged top pion due to the clean standard model background. With a large number of events and the clean background, the charged top pion should be observable at future linear colliders operating in #gamma##gamma# mode at the TeV energy scale

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors search Z{prime} bosons in dielectron events produced in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, using a 0.45 fb{sup -1} dataset accumulated with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. To identify the Z{prime} {yields} e{sup +}e{sup -} signal, both the dielectron invariant mass distribution and the angular distribution of the electron pair are used. No evidence of a signal is found, and 95% confidence level lower limits are set on the Z{prime} mass for several models. Limits are also placed on the mass and gauge coupling of a generic Z{prime}, as well as on the contact interaction mass scales for different helicity structure scenarios.

CERN Document Server

We compute QCD corrections to the production of a ttbar pair in association with a hard photon at the Tevatron and the LHC. This process allows a direct measurement of the top quark electromagnetic couplings that, at the moment, are only loosely constrained. We include top quark decays, treating them in the narrow width approximation, and retain spin correlations of final-state particles. Photon radiation off top quark decay products is included in our calculation and yields a significant contribution to the cross-section. We study next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the ppbar -> ttbar+gamma process at the Tevatron for the selection criteria used in a recent measurement by the CDF collaboration. We also discuss the impact of QCD corrections to the pp -> ttbar+gamma process on the measurement of the top quark electric charge at the 14 TeV LHC.

CERN Document Server

In the framework of the kt-factorization approach, the production and polarization of prompt J/Psi mesons in pp collisions at the LHC energy 7 TeV is studied. Both the direct production mechanism as well as feed-down contributions from chic1, chic2 and psi' decays are taken into account. Our consideration is based on the color singlet model supplemented with the off-shell matrix elements for the corresponding partonic subprocesses. The unintegrated gluon densities in a proton are determined using the CCFM evolution equation as well the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription. We compare our numerical predictions with the first experimental data taken by the CMS, ATLAS and LHCb collaborations. The estimation of all polarization parameters which determine J/Psi spin density matrix is performed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

SummaryPermeable pavement functions as a porous infrastructure interface allowing the infiltration and evaporation of rainfall-runoff while functioning as a relatively smooth load-bearing surface for vehicular transport. Hydraulic conductivity (k) of permeable pavement is an important hydraulic property and is a function of the pore structure. This study examines k for a cementitious permeable pavement (CPP) through a series of pore-structure models. Measurements utilized include hydraulic head as well as total porosity, (t), effective porosity (e), tortuosity (Le/L) and pore size distribution (PSD) indices generated through X-ray tomography (XRT). XRT results indicate that the permeable pavement pore matrix is hetero-disperse, with high tortuosity and t!=e. Power law models of k-t and k-e...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

By using a variational Monte Carlo method, we examine an effective low-energy model for LaFeAsO derived from an ab initio downfolding scheme. We show that quantum and many-body fluctuations near the antiferromagnetic (AF) quantum critical point largely reduce the antiferromagnetic ordered moment. Our derived model not only quantitatively reproduces the small ordered moment in LaFeAsO, but also accounts for the diversity from LaFePO, BaFe_2As_2 to FeTe. Electron correlation is found to determine the observed material dependence. We also find that LaFeAsO is subject to large orbital fluctuations, sandwiched by the AF Mott insulator and weakly correlated metals. The orbital fluctuations and Dirac-cone dispersion hold keys for the diverse magnetic properties. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Two grades of WC-10wt.%Co cemented carbide with or without addition of Cr3C2/VC grain growth inhibitor during liquid phase sintering were produced with the goal to investigate their reciprocating sliding friction and wear behaviour against WC-6wt.%Co cemented carbide under unlubricated conditions. The tribological characteristics were obtained on a Plint TE77 tribometer using distinctive normal contact loads. The generated wear tracks were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and quantified topographically using surface scanning equipment. The post-mortem obtained wear volumes were compared to the online assessed wear. Correlations between wear volume, wear rate and coefficient of friction on the one hand and sliding distance and microstructural properties on the other hand were determ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Evidence is reported for a narrow structure near the J/{psi}{phi} threshold in exclusive B{sup +} {yields} J/{psi}{phi}K{sup +} decays produced in {bar p}p collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV. A signal of 14 {+-} 5 events, with statistical significance in excess of 3.8 standard deviations, is observed in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.7 fb{sup -1}, collected by the CDF II detector. The mass and natural width of the structure are measured to be 4143.0 {+-} 2.9(stat) {+-} 1.2(syst) MeV/c{sup 2} and 11.7{sub -5.0}{sup +8.3}(stat) {+-} 3.7(syst) MeV/c{sup 2}.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present the recent results of our research on the high power ultra-fast silicon RF switches. This switch is composed of a group of PIN diodes on a high purity silicon wafer. The wafer is inserted into a cylindrical waveguide under TE{sub 01} mode, performing switching by injecting carriers into the bulk silicon. Our current design uses a CMOS compatible process and the device was fabricated at SNF (Stanford Nanofabrication Facility). 300 ns switching time has been observed, while the switching speed can be improved further with 3-D device structure and faster driving circuit. Power handling capacity of the switch is at the level of 10 MW. The switch was designed for active X-band RF pulse compression systems--especially for NLC, but it is also possible to be modified for other applications and other frequencies.

CERN Document Server

We consider a minimal model of GUT scalar dark matter (DM) stabilized by the discrete gauge matter parity $P_{X}$ that arises from breaking of $SO(10)$. The dark sector comprises the complex singlet $S$ and the inert doublet $H_{2}$. GUT scale parameters are evaluated to the electroweak scale via Renormalization Group Equations (RGEs). Experimental and theoretical constraints limit the DM mass to the 80 GeV to 2 TeV range. The EW symmetry breaking is radiative and can occur via RGE running and 1-loop matching corrections from integrating out DM. Because the next-to-lightest scalar is almost degenerate with DM, it gives a background free displaced decay vertex at the LHC.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this paper, a comparison is done between two different techniques in measuring the AC voltage. The first technique is the single junction thermal voltage converters (SJTVC) which consist of one thermal element (TE) which its output e.m.f. in the range of 7-12mV and the other is the new designed thermal voltage converters which consist of a number of TEs connected in parallel, series and series/parallel to increase their output e.m.f. (becomes in the range of 35-51mV). The effect of increasing the output e.m.f. is studied in this paper through evaluating the uncertainty budget and proved that its increase has a great effect on the accuracy and the uncertainty of the AC voltage measurement.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Twenty-three patients with intracranial meningiomas were examined by means of magnetic resonance tomography (MRT). In 13 patients the paramagnetic contrast medium gadolinium DTPA was used. Meningiomas show only slight changes in signal intensity compared with brain in the spin-echo mode, the greatest contrast being found on photon density images (TR 1600 ms, TE 35 ms). In T1 images more than 50% of the patients showed a low signal margin between tumour and brain. Hyperostosis of the calvarium is easily recognised, but MRT is unreliable for showing tumour calcification. After intravenous injection of gadolinium DTPA, there was marked homogeneous uptake in the meningiomas. These signs are useful for the diagnosis of a meningioma by MRT. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We study the constraints on the anomalous coupling g_5"Z that can be obtained from the analysis of the reaction #gamma##gamma##->#W"+W"-Z at future linear e"+e"- colliders. We find out that a 0.5 (1) TeV e"+e"- collider operating in the #gamma##gamma# mode can probe values of g_5"Z of the order of 0.15 (4.5x10"-"2) for an integrated luminosity of 10 fb"-"1. This shows that the ability to search for this anomalous interaction of the #gamma##gamma# mode is better than the one of the usual e"+e"- mode, and it is similar to the ability of the e#gamma# mode.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the last months several ballon and satellite experiments improved significantly our knowledge of cosmic ray (CR) spectra at high energy. In particular CREAM allowed to measure B/C, C/O and N/O ratios up to 1 TeV/n and PAMELA the anti p/p ratio up to 100 GeV with unprecedented accuracy. These measurements offer a valuable probe of CR propagation properties. We performed a statistical analysis to test the compatibility of these results, as well as other most significant experimental data, with the predictions of a new numerical CR diffusion package (DRAGON). We found that above 1 GeV/n all data are consistent with a plain diffusion scenario and point to well defined ranges for the normalization and energy dependence of the diffusion coefficient. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The recovery of noble metals from the quaternary Mo-Ru-Rh-Pd alloy in the simulated insoluble residue was studied by means of Pb extraction and the recovery yield was found to be more than 90% for Ru, Rh and Pd. The recovery yield of Mo was very small due to the oxidative vaporization in air. The decontamination factor for Ce as a stand-in of Pu was determined to be around 200 for one stage. These results on the recovery yields of noble metals from the quaternary alloy and the decontamination factor for Ce are in good agreement with those for the ternary Mo-Ru-Pd alloy previously reported by the present authors. The mutual separation of noble metal elements recovered in Pb button was examined by means of re-extraction with molten Zn and the dissolution in boiling 3M or 6M nitric acid solution. The dissolution fractions of Pd and Rh recovered in the Pb button in boiling 3M and 6M nitric acid solution for 12 h were about 90 and 30%, respectively, and that of Ru was extremely low (#approx ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) was used to probe the existence of induced magnetic moments in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films in which yttrium is partly substituted with lanthanum, lutetium or bismuth. Spin polarization of the 4d states of yttrium and of the 5d states of lanthanum or lutetium was clearly demonstrated. Angular momentum resolved d-DOS of yttrium and lanthanun was shown to be split by the crystal field, the two resolved substructures having opposite magnetic polarization. The existence of a weak orbital moment involving the 6p states of bismuth was definitely established with the detection of a small XMCD signal at the Bi M{sub 1}-edge. Difference spectra also enhanced the visibility of subtle changes in the Fe K-edge XMCD spectra of YIG and {l_brace}Y, Bi{r_brace}IG films. Weak natural X-ray linear dichroism signatures were systematically observed with all iron garnet films and with a bulk YIG single crystal cut ...

Science.gov (United States)

The zinc-blende (ZB) and wurtzite (W) structures are the most common crystal forms of binary octet semiconductors. In this work we have developed a simple scaling that systematizes the {ital T}=0 energy difference {Delta}{ital E}{sub W{minus}ZB} between W and ZB for all simple binary semiconductors. We have first calculated the energy difference {Delta}{ital E}{sub W{minus}ZB}{sup LDF}({ital AB}) for AlN, GaN, InN, AlP, AlAs, GaP, GaAs, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, C, and Si using a numerically precise implementation of the first-principles local-density formalism (LDF), including structural relaxations. We then find a {ital linear} scaling between {Delta}{ital E}{sub W{minus}ZB}{sup LDF}({ital AB}) and an atomistic orbital-radii coordinate {ital {tilde R}}({ital A},{ital B}) that depends only on the properties of the free atoms {ital A} and {ital B} making up the binary compound {ital AB}. Unlike classical structural coordinates (electronegativity, atomic sizes, electron ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recent studies in elementary particle physics have made the need for an e{sup +}e{sup -} linear collider able to reach energies of 500 GeV and above with high luminosity more compelling than ever [1]. Observations and measurements completed in the last five years at the SLC (SLAC), LEP (CERN), and the Tevatron (FNAL) can be explained only by the existence of at least one particle or interaction that has not yet been directly observed in experiment. The Higgs boson of the Standard Model could be that particle. The data point strongly to a mass for the Higgs boson that is just beyond the reach of existing colliders. This brings great urgency and excitement to the potential for discovery at the upgraded Tevatron early in this decade, and almost assures that later experiments at the LHC will find new physics. But the next generation of experiments to be mounted by the world-wide particle physics community must not only find this new physics, they must find out what it is. These experiments ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The high spin fraction (HSF) of {sup 131}Te as a function of fragment emission angle has been determined in the 40 MeV alpha-particle induced fission of {sup 238}U using off-line gamma ray spectrometric technique. From the HSF the fragment average spin (J{sub av}) of fission product has been deduced using statistical model analysis. The J{sub av} value of {sup 131}Te is seen to remain nearly constant (10{Dirac_h}) from 90 deg. to 20 deg. On the other hand, the J{sub av} value of {sup 132}I from earlier work shows a drastic decrease (33%) from 11.4{Dirac_h} at 90 deg. to 7.6{Dirac_h} at 20 deg. . However, the yield weighted J{sub av} value of both the products show a decrease of 13%, which in close agreement with the value of 5-10% change from 90 deg. to 0 deg. in the results obtained from gamma ray multiplicity measurements. Thus the drastic difference in the change of fragment average spin (J{sub av}) of individual product from 90 deg. to 20 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The school building complex Waterland in The Hague, Netherlands, was built with a hybrid ventilation system. The indoor environment and energy consumption were monitored for one year. Air quality and thermal comfort are of a high quality and the consumption of energy for heating is circa 35% lower than normal. The Waterland project was one of eight demonstration projects, carried out within the framework of the ECBS-Annex 35: Hybrid ventilation in New and retrofitted Office Buildings. ECBS stands for the IEA-program Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems. [Dutch] In ECBCs-annex 35 (ECBS staat voor het IEA-programma Energy Conservation in Buildings and Community Systems) is uitgebreid onderzoek gedaan naar hybride ventilatiesystemen in kantoren en scholen. Dit project heeft geleid tot acht internationale voorbeeldprojecten, waarvan scholencomplex Waterland te Den Haag er een van is. Het scholencomplex is in 2003 opgeleverd met een hybride ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We have studied in detail the gamma radiation induced changes in the electrical properties of the (TeO_2)_0_._9 (In_2O_3)_0 _._1 thin films of different thicknesses, prepared by thermal evaporation in vacuum. The current-voltage characteristics for the as-deposited and exposed thin films were analysed to obtain current versus dose plots at different applied voltages. These plots clearly show that the current increases quite linearly with the radiation dose over a wide range and that the range of doses is higher for the thicker films. Beyond certain dose (a quantity dependent on the film thickness), however, the current has been observed to decrease. In order to understand the dose dependence of the current, we analysed the optical absorption spectra for the as-deposited and exposed thin films to obtain the dose dependences of the optical bandgap and energy width of band tails of the localized states. The increase of the current with the gamma radiation dose may be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In a breeder-type nuclear power plant, liquid metal is used as a coolant due to the high heat capacity factor. Also, some proposals for fusion reactor blanket design include liquid metal as a possible coolant. In both cases the understanding of natural circulation of liquid-metal flow behavior is an integral part of the thermal hydraulic analysis, especially under two-phase flow conditions. Experimental investigations have been conducted to study a liquid metal two-phase natural circulation flow system. A lead-bismuth (PbBi) eutectic mixture is used as a working fluid in a heated metal walled natural circulation loop. Gas injection induces natural circulation through the gas-lift mechanism. A real-time neutron radiography system is used to visualize the two-phase mixture, specifically the interface and the flow regime. Measurements of void fraction, void fluctuation and bubble propagation are performed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This patent describes a process for the conversion of low molecular weight alkanes to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. It comprises: contacting the low molecular weight alkanes, at an elevated temperature, with oxygen and a catalyst of the formula Zn{sub a}A{sub b}M{sub c}M'{sub d}O{sub x} wherein A is Li, Na, K, or mixtures thereof; M is Al, Ga, Cr, La, Y, Sc, V, Nb, Ta, Cu or mixtures thereof; M' is Cs, Rb, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sm, Pb, Mn, Sb, P, Sn, Bi, Ti, Zr, Hf, or mixtures thereof; a if from about 1 to about 20; b is from about 0.1 to about 20; c is from about 0 to about 5 d is from about 0 to about 20, and x is a number needed to fulfill the valence requirements of the other elements; provided that at least one c and d is a t least 0.1; and when M' is Sn, c must be at least 0.1.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The alloying of steel surface with aluminum (Al) using Microsecond-pulsed Intense Electron Beams (MIEB-Al) was developed and optimized in order to be used for improving the corrosion resistance of the 316, 1.4970 and T91 steels, exposed to liquid Pb and Pb-Bi-eutectic. The procedure consists in two steps: (i) coating the steel surface with Al or an Al-containing alloy layer and (ii) melting the coating layer and the steel surface layer using intense pulsed electron beam. In order to cover the steel surface with an homogeneous and crack-free Al-alloyed layer, the following experimental conditions are required: Al coating thickness range 5-10mm, electron kinetic energy 120keV; pulse duration 30ms; energy density 40-45J/cm2; number of pulses 2-3. Using the mentioned procedure, the corrosion r...

Science.gov (United States)

The spectral dependences of absorption photoinduced in a pure bismuth titanium oxide crystal by 532-nm laser pulses are studied. It is shown that optical absorption in the crystal in the range from 492 to 840 nm increases with increasing exposure. The photoinduced absorption relaxes in the dark for more than 60 hours. A model of photoinduced absorption is proposed which assumes the population of two trap centres with the normal energy distribution law for the concentrations of electrons photoexcited from donors to the conduction band. This model well describes the spectral dependences of photoinduced absorption by using the average ionisation energies of the traps E{sub 1} = 1.60 eV and E{sub 2} = 2.57 eV. The model is used to estimate the increase in the photorefractive sensitivity of a bismuth titanium oxide crystal in the near IR region, which was earlier observed after exposing the crystal to visible radiation. It is predicted that the speed of response of dynamic holography ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This patent describes a process for the preparation of acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile by the reaction of propylene or isobutylene, molecular oxygen and ammonia at a temperature of about 200/sup 0/ to 600/sup 0/C in the presence of an oxidation catalyst. The improvement consists of using as the oxidation catalyst an antimony-free catalyst having the atomic ratios described by the formula: X/sub a/A/sub b/C/sub c/Fe/sub d/Bi/sub e/Mo/sub 12/O/sub x/ wherein X is Ga, In or mixtures thereof; A is alkali metal; C is Ni, Co or mixture thereof; and wherein a is 0.01 to about 4; b is 0 to about 4; c and d are 0.01 to about 12; e is 0.01 to about 6; and x is a number sufficient to satisfy the valence requirements of the other elements present. In a process for the preparation of acrylonitrile or methacryloniotrile by the reaction of propylene or isobutylene, molecular oxygen and ammonia at a temperature of about 200/sup 0/ to 600/sup 0/C in the presence of an oxidation ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The measurements of the L X-ray intensity ratio I(L?)/I(L?), I(L?)/I(L?), I(L?)/I(L?), I(L?)/I(L?) and I(L?)/I(L?) for elements Dy, Ho, Yb, W, Hg, Tl and Pb were experimentally determined both by photon excitation, in which 59.5 keV ?-rays from a filtered radioisotope 241Am was used, and by the radioactive decay of 160Tb, 160Er, 173Lu, 182Re, 201Tl, 203Pb and 207Bi. L X-rays emitted by samples were counted by a Si(Li) detector with resolution 160 eV at 5.9 keV. Obtained values were compared with the calculated theoretical values. Theoretical values of the I(L?/L?), I(L?/L?), I(L?/L?), I(L?/L?) and I(L?/L?) intensity ratios were calculated using theoretically tabulated values of subshell photoionization cross-section, fluorescence yield, fractional X-ray emission rates, Coster-Kronig transition probabilities. It was observed that present values agree with previous theoretical and other available experimental results.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper, we report kinetic Monte Carlo study on the diffusion behavior of boron in silicon crystal, more particularly on the transient enhanced diffusion (TED) of boron in silicon during implantation and annealing. Firstly, the accuracy of our KMC code was verified by investigating the time evolutionary behavior of interstitial (I) and vacancy (V) when a silicon substrate is implanted with silicon dose with an energy of 10 keV and with a dose of 1 X 10{sup 14} ions/cm{sup 2}. To investigate the influence of native defects (I, V) on boron diffusion, a single and multi boron markers grown by MBE were employed. The simulation results revealed that the precursor of boron cluster (BI{sub 2}) is dominant at the initial stage of annealing, which explains the boron TED phenomenon in terms of the concentration of boron complexes and I, V clusters, respectively. The formation of {l_brace}311{r_brace} defects and dislocation loop were observed from the time-evolutionary ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources possess several advantages over ion sources conventionally used for injectors of electrostatic accelerators: improved reliability, high efficiency, simplicity, and the capability of generating bright, high-current ion beams. We have adapted a high-current ECR source originally developed as an injector for a CW RFQ proton linac to serve as a source of intense negative-ion beams for the Tandem Accelerator Superconducting Cyclotron (TASCC) facility at Chalk River. The range of ion species of the source has been extended from H{sup 1+} alone up to Bi{sup 1+}, with both gaseous and nonvolatile feeds. Two intense negative-ion beams of He{sup -} and O{sup -} have been generated so far with the source coupled to a standard charge-exchange canal. We foresee no major problems generating a broad range of negative ions with this system. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The growth of SrBi{sub 2}Ta{sub 2}O{sub 9} (SBT) films on top of Pt electrode substrates is an important issue for the fabrication of ferroelectric based memories. In a recent publication, SBT thin films grown using seeded and unseeded procedures were studied by PIXE and RBS. Difficulties and misfits found in the comparison of results from both techniques were, at that time, overcome by physical considerations. These, although not rendering interpretation impossible, left out the possibility of understanding the exact nature of the differences between the interface behavior in each case. In the present work it is shown that the reanalysis of the same data using the recently developed RBS-PIXE simultaneous and self-consistent calculation present in NDF leads to stronger conclusions on the solid state reaction occurring during the deposition stage for both types of samples. Allowing for the occurrence of solid state reactions between the deposited film and the Pt ...

CERN Document Server

We explore as clearly as possible the features of neutrino oscillation which are relevant for measurements of the CP violating Kobayashi-Maskawa phase delta and the sign of \\Delta m^2_{13}. We focus on the so called low-energy option and discuss principles for optimizing experimental parameters to measure these two quantities simultaneously. Toward the goal, we first formulate a method for obtaining a bird-eye view of the phenomenon of neutrino oscillation by introducing a new powerful tool called the ``CP trajectory diagram in bi-probability space''. It allows us to represent pictorially the three effects separately in a single diagram; effect from genuine CP violation due to the sin delta term, effect from the CP conserving cos delta term, and the fake CP violating effect due to earth matter. By using the CP trajectory diagram we observe that there is a two-fold ambiguity in the determination of delta which is related with the sign of Delta m^2_{13}. We then ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study has been performed for the development and assessment of a subchannel analysis code which is purposed to be used for the analysis of advanced reactor conditions with various configurations of reactor core and several kinds of reactor coolant fluids. The subchannel analysis code was developed on the basis of MATRA code which is being developed at KAERI. A GUI (Graphic User Interface) system was adopted in order to reduce input error and to enhance user convenience. The subchannel code was complemented in the property calculation modules by including various fluids such as heavy liquid metal, gas, refrigerant,and supercritical water. The subchannel code was applied to calculate the local thermal hydraulic conditions inside the non-square test bundles which was employed for the analysis of CHF. The applicability of the subchannel code was evaluated for a high temperature gas cooled reactor condition and supercritical pressure conditions with water and Freon. A subchannel analysis ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A pretreatment flowsheet was tested for separating key radionuclide components from the sludge stored in one of the high level waste tanks (B-110) at the Hanford Site; this sludge resulted primarily from the bismuth phosphate process, which was one of the three major plutonium separation processes used at Handford. This test involved (1) washing with water, (2) caustic leaching, (3) acid dissolution, (4) separation of transuranic elements (TRUs) by extraction with octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide(CMPO), (5) separation of Sr by extraction with di-t-butylcyclohexano-18-crown-6, (6) separation of Cs from the acid-dissolved sludge solution by treatment with ammonium molybdophosphate (AMP), and (7) separation of Cs from the sludge wash and caustic leach solutions by ion exchange using a phenol-formaldehyde resin (CS-100). The results of the radionuclide separation steps indicated that the proposed flowsheet is a viable approach to pretreating the sludge stored in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We give a theoretical design for a locally resonant two-dimensional cylindrical structure involving a pair of C-shaped voids in an elastic medium which we term as double 'C' resonators (DCRs) and imbedded thin stiff bars, that displays the negative refraction effect in the low frequency regime. DCRs are responsible for a low frequency band gap which hybridizes with a tiny gap associated with the presence of the thin bars. Using an asymptotic analysis, typical working frequencies are given in closed form: DCRs behave as Helmholtz resonators modeled by masses connected to clamped walls by springs on either side, while thin bars behave as a periodic bi-atomic chain of masses connected by springs. The discrete models give an accurate description of the location and width of the stop band in the case of the DCR and the first two dispersion bands for the periodic thin bars. We then combine our asymptotic formulae for arrays of DCR and thin-bars to design a composite ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: As you know, thin films which generate anomalous big photovoltage (APhV) , as film photo resistive structures made of the combinations of A_2B_6 respond to X-ray and #gamma#- radiations. In this work the influence of X-ray and #gamma#-radiations on the quantity of APhV in the system APhV-film-photoresistor was investigated. Earlier polycrystal films with anomalous photo voltage properties were received only on the clean and flat surface with high isolation property (R>10"1"4 #OMEGA#). We worked out the technology of receiving APhV films CdTe on the surface of the photosensitive film CdS. The main condition under which this effect may be observed is that the lining must be slant concerning to the direction of the motion of evaporated substance's molecular bunch during the growing of the film, i.e. received film must have a dendritic structure. That is why photosensitive film CdS was received with thermo vacuum slanting pulverization (#alpha#=30-60 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

At the Huizhou oil field in China the FPSO Munin of Bluewater completely relies on five computer controlled propulsion screws to position itself, a so-called Dynamic Positioning (DP) system. In this article report is given of training given to the crew of the FPSO Munin. A floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) unit is a floating vessel used by the offshore industry for the processing and storage of oil and gas. [Dutch] Op het Huizhou oileveld in China vertrouwt de FPSO (floating production, storage and offloading unit) Munin van Bluewater uitsluitend op een vijftal computergestuurde voorstuwingsschroeven om zichzelf in positie te houden, een zogenaamd Dynamisch Positionering (DP) systeem. In dit artikel wordt verslag gedaan van en uitleg gegeven over trainingen die zijn gegeven aan de bemanning van de FPSO Munin.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

High temperature thermochemistry of thoria-urania fuel for Advanced Heavy Water Reactor was investigated. Oxygen potential development within the matrix and distribution behaviors of the fission products (fps) in different phases were worked out with the help of thermodynamic and transport properties of the fps as well as fission generated oxygen and the detailed balance of the elements. Some of the necessary data for different properties were generated in this laboratory while others were taken from literatures. Noting the behavior of poor transports of gases and volatile species in the thoria rich fuel (thoria-3 mol% urania), the evaluation shows that the fuel will generally bear higher oxygen potential right from early stage of burnup, and Mo will play vital role to buffer the potential through the formation of its oxygen rich chemical states. The problems related to the poor transport and larger retention of fission gases (Xe) and volatiles (I, Te, Cs) are ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A single crystalline ternary nanostructure having the formula A.sub.xB.sub.yO.sub.z, wherein x ranges from 0.25 to 24, and y ranges from 1.5 to 40, and wherein A and B are independently selected from the group consisting of Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Cm, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, F, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Ho, I, In, Ir, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Nd, Ni, Os, P, Pb, Pd, Pr, Pt, Rb, Re, Rh, Ru, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Si, Sm, Sn, Sr, Ta, Tb, Tc, Te, Ti, Tl, Tm, U, V, W, Y, Yb, and Zn, wherein the nanostructure is at least 95% free of defects and/or dislocations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To investigate the possibility of using HOM signals induced in SC cavities as beam and cavity diagnostics, narrow band (20 MHz) data was recorded around the strong TE111-6(6{pi}/9-like) dipole modes (1.7 GHz) in the 40 L-band (1.3 GHz) cavities at the DESY TTF facility. The analyses of these data have so far focused on using a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) technique to correlate the signals with each other and data from conventional BPMs to show the dipole signals provide an alternate means of measuring the beam trajectory. However, these analyses do not extract the modal information (i.e., frequencies and Q's of the nearly degenerate horizontal and vertical modes). In this paper, we described a method to fit the signal frequency spectrum to obtain this information, and then use the resulting mode amplitudes and phases together with conventional BPM data to determine the mode polarizations and relative centers and tilts. Compared with the SVD ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this thesis is to study the coherent transport in semiconducting-superconducting junctions. The SnPb-GaAs system has been studied. It has been shown that the behaviour of this junction is controlled by the disordered area induced by the annealing of the connection near the interface. For a few resistant junction, a conductance anomaly under the gap has been observed and has been explained by a mesoscopic effect in the limit of the very high disorders. The conductance of more resistant junctions has only been bound to the properties of the very disordered area of the semiconductor. The part of the electron-electron interactions on the phase coherence length and on the conductance has been studied. The evolving of the correction of the conductance due to interactions in magnetic field has been followed. The effect of the spin degeneration suppression in CdTe and the GaAs sign inversion in Shubnikov de Haas oscillations rate has been observed. At last has ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The millimeter microwave source of gyrotron-traveling-wave amplifier (gyro-TWT) is capable of generating high power coherent radiation in a broad bandwidth, while its performance is severely deteriorated by the stability problems. This paper focuses on modeling and the stability analysis of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Ka-band TE01 mode gyro-TWT based on an interaction circuit alternately loaded with lossy ceramic shells and metal rings. The propagation characteristics of the interaction circuit is analyzed first, based on which the boundary impedance method is employed to build an equivalent uniform lossy circuit. Then the stability of the interaction system is studied using linear and nonlinear theories. The analysis reveals that, due to the special waveguide structure and the dielectric loss, the propagation characteristics of the complex waveguide are similar to that of a uniform lossy circuit. The analysis of the absolute instabilities characterizes the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The future e{sup +}e{sup -} linear colliders can also operate in the e{gamma} or {gamma}{gamma} modes. In the context of the top-color assisted technicolor (TC2) model, we study the single charged top-pion production process {gamma}{gamma} {yields} tb-bar{pi}{sub t}{sup -}. The results show that the production rates can reach the level of tens fb with reasonable parameter values. So one can expect that enough signals could be produced in future high-energy linear collider experiments. Furthermore, the flavor-changing (FC) decay mode {pi}{sub t}{sup -} {yields} bc-bar is the best channel to detect the charged top pion due to the clean standard model background. With a large number of events and the clean background, the charged top pion should be observable at future linear colliders operating in {gamma}{gamma} mode at the TeV energy scale.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Magnetically driven non-stationary acceleration of jets in active galactic nuclei results in the leading parts of the flow being accelerated to much higher Lorentz factors than in the case of steady-state acceleration with the same parameters. The higher Doppler-boosted parts of the flow may dominate the high-energy emission of blazar jets. We suggest that highly variable GeV and TeV emission in blazars is produced by the faster moving leading edges of highly magnetized non-stationary ejection blobs, while the radio data trace the slower-moving bulk flow. Thus, the radio and gamma-ray emission regions have different, but correlated, Doppler factors. High-energy emission is generated, typically within the optically thick core, in the outer parts of the broad-line emission region, avoiding the radiative drag on the faster parts of the flow. The radio emission should correlate with the gamma-ray emission, delayed with frequency-dependent time lag of the order of weeks ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We study double Higgs boson production at future linear colliders while paying special attention to the option of high-energy and high-luminosity photon beams. The main purpose is to examine the feasibility of e"+e"-, #gamma#e, and #gamma##gamma# colliders in order to establish bounds on the value of triple Higgs coupling, which could be crucial for understanding a spontaneous breaking mechanism. We consider mainly those cases of light and intermediate Higgs bosons, including an analysis of the electroweak backgrounds. The mass range M_H#approx#M_Z is discussed separately. It is shown that for a light Higgs boson the H"3 coupling can be visible, even at a future linear e"+e"- collider at 500 GeV. For an intermediate Higgs boson, a collider with TeV energies is suitable for investigations. We estimate the bounds on the anomalous H"3 coupling which can be experimentally established at future linear colliders. copyright 1996 The American Physical Society.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wonderful opportunities await particle physics over the next decade, with the coming of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN to explore the 1-TeV scale (extending efforts at LEP and the Tevatron to unravel the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking) and many initiatives to develop our understanding of the problem of identity: what makes a neutrino a neutrino and a top quark a top quark. Here I have in mind the work of the B factories and the Tevatron collider on CP violation and the weak interactions of the b quark; the wonderfully sensitive experiments at Brookhaven, CERN, Fermilab, and Frascati on CP violation and rare decays of kaons; the prospect of definitive accelerator experiments on neutrino oscillations and the nature of the neutrinos; and a host of new experiments on the sensitivity frontier. We might even learn to read experiment for clues about the dimensionality of spacetime. If we are inventive enough, we may be able to follow this rich menu with the ...

CERN Document Server

In this paper we will report on the operation and the performance of the ATLAS data-flow system during the 2010 physics run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at 7 TeV. The data-flow system is responsible for reading out, formatting and conveying the event data, eventually saving the selected events into the mass storage. By the second quarter of 2010, for the first time, the system will be capable of the full event building capacity and improved data-logging throughput. We will in particular detail the tools put in place to predict and track the system working point, with the aim of optimizing the bandwidth and the computing resource sharing, and anticipate possible limits. Naturally, the LHC duty cycle, the trigger performance, and the detector configuration influence the system working point. Therefore, numerical studies of the data-flow system capabilities have been performed considering different scenarios. This is crucial for the first phase of the LHC ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The credibility of the model proposed by Ghosh in predicting the refractive indices of mixed semiconductor crystals of technological importance within their miscibility range as a function of band gap is demonstrated. The high-frequency refractive indices of four quaternary alloys Al_xGa_1_-_x_-_yIn_yP (y = 0.49, 0 #<=# x #<=# 0.51), InSb_xAs_1_-_x_-_yP_y (y = 2.2x, 0 #<=# x #<=# 0.313, 0 #<=# y #<=# 0.638), Cd_xZn_1_-_x_-_yHg_ySe (x + y = 1, 0.153 #<=# x #<=# 0.684, 0.316 #<=# y #<=# 0.847), and CdS_1_-_x_-_ySe_xTe_y (x + y = 1, 0.15 #<=# x #<=# 0.93, 0.07 #<=# y #<=# 0.85) are calculated according to the relation n"2-1 = A/(E_g + B)"2 where A is an energy gap dependent constant and B is a constant depending on crystal ionicity. The calculated values show excellent agreement with the experimental data thus justifying the validity of the model.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An overview is given of several computer models in use in the Netherlands to determine and analyze the quality of air and the effect of air pollution abatement measures. [Dutch] Voor het vaststellen van de luchtkwaliteit of het bepalen van het effect van emissiereducerende maatregelen op die luchtkwaliteit zijn in ons land meerdere computermodellen beschikbaar. In het kader van het Vooronderzoek Innovatieprogramma Luchtkwaliteit (VIPL) wilde het ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat meer inzicht in de betrouwbaarheid en specifieke eigenschappen van deze modellen. Deze studie geeft daarom een overzicht en analyse van de verschillen, overeenkomsten en voor- en nadelen van de meest gangbare Nederlandse computermodellen om de luchtkwaliteit rond snelwegen te bepalen. Dit zijn: Het Voorspellingssysteem Luchtkwaliteit Wegtraces (VLW); CAR-II; Het TNO-verkeersmodel; Het Heaven-model van TNO; Urbis (air); en NNM+ (KEMA-STACKS)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors measure the dipion mass spectrum in X(3872) {yields} J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} decays using 360 pb{sup -1} of {bar p}p collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector. The spectrum is fit with predictions for odd C-parity ({sup 3}S{sub 1}, {sup 1}P{sub 1}, and {sup 3}D{sub J}) charmonia decaying to J/{psi}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, as well as event C-parity states in which the pions are from {rho}{sup 0} decay. The latter case also encompasses exotic interpretations, such as a D{sup 0}{bar D}*{sup 0} molecule. Only the {sup 3}S{sub 1} and J/{psi} {rho} hypotheses are compatible with the data. Since {sup 3}S{sub 1} is untenable on other grounds, decay via J/{psi} {rho} is favored, which implies C = +1 for the X(3872). Models for different J/{psi}-{rho} angular momenta L are considered. Flexibility in the models, especially the introduction of {rho}-{omega} interference, enable good descriptions of the data for both L = 0 and 1.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Intramuscular hermorrhage was induced by injecting autologous blood into the paraspinal muscle of 8 rabbits. In order to evaluate the time-dependent changes of hemorrhage observed on MRI, the animals were imaged at different stages of blood resolution at 0.02 tesla (T), and control examined with ultrasound using a 7.5 MHz linear transducer. Six inversion recovery sequences (TR=1 000 ms. TE=30 ms, and TI=18, 48, 148, 201, 302, and 398 ms) were used for the invivo calculation of T1 relaxation times. IR 1 000 (398)/30 imaging was performed before and after the Gd-DOTA administration. The hemorrhage was evident on MR images throughout the study, especially on the T2 weighted (SE 1 000/100) images. MRI showed the healing lesion longer than ultrasound. The T1 relaxation time increased during the time of resolution. Lesions on days 4 to 7 enhanced in intensity after the injection of Gd-DOTA. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

The non-thermal supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 (G347.3-0.5) has recently been shown to be a site of cosmic ray (CR) electron acceleration to TeV energies (Muraishi et al. 2000). Here we present evidence that this remnant is also accelerating CR nuclei. Such nuclei can interact with ambient interstellar gas to produce high energy gamma-rays via the decay of neutral pions. We associate the unidentified EGRET GeV gamma- ray source 3EG J1714-3857 with a massive (~3*10 5 Mo) and dense (~500 nucleons cm -3) molecular cloud interacting with RX J1713.7-3946. Direct evidence for such interaction is provided by observations of the lowest two rotational transitions of CO in the cloud; as in other clear cases of interaction, the CO(J=2-1)/CO(J=1-0) ratio is significantly enhanced. Since the cloud is of low radio and X-ray brightness, CR electrons cannot be responsible for the bulk of its GeV emission there. A picture thus emerges where both electrons and nuclei are being ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to improve the long term reliability of lead-salt diode lasers, ohmic contacts of multilayer, thin-film structures consisting of In plus Au, Pt, Ni, and Pd have been studied. Diode lasers of PbSnTe fabricated with a variety of contacts were tested during room-temperature storage and during accelerated aging tests. The results show that contact reliablility can be improved when multiple overlapping films are used. After 4500 h of baking at 60 /sup 0/C, lasers with In-Au-Pd-Au contacts on both sides showed the least resistance increase (10%). For lasers with In-Au-Pt-Au contacts, 1 h of baking at 60 /sup 0/C is equivalent to 2 d storage at room temperature. Extrapolating these results, a 70% increase in contact resistance is expected for this type of laser after 9000 d of storage at room temperture. Our data also suggests that a smaller increase in contact resistance can be expected for lasers fabricated with In-Au-Ni-Au and In-Au-Pd-Au contacts.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this work we study the structural and electronic properties of Be chalcogenides (BeS, BeSe and BeTe) using two different methods: the full-potential linear augmented-plane wave (FP-LAPW) and the plane-wave pseudopotential (PPsPW). The exchange-correlation effects are treated in the local-density approximation (LDA) and the generalized-gradient approximation (GGA). We have evaluated the ground-state quantities such as equilibrium volume, bulk modulus and its pressure derivative as well as the elastic constants. Various structural phase transitions were considered here in order to confirm the most stable structure and to predict the phase transition under hydrostatic pressure. In addition we have studied the band structure and the density of states, which show a wide indirect band gap for these compounds. These results were in favourable agreement with previous theoretical works and the existing experimental data. To complete the fundamental characteristics of ...

CERN Document Server

Koide's mass formula is an empirical relation among the charged lepton masses which holds with a striking precision. We present a model of charged lepton sector based on U(3)\\times SU(2) family gauge symmetry, which predicts Koide's formula within the present experimental accuracy. Radiative corrections as well as other corrections to Koide's mass formula are kept under control. We adopt a known mechanism, through which the charged lepton spectrum is determined by the vacuum expectation value of a 9-component scalar field \\Phi. On the basis of this mechanism, we implement the following mechanisms into our model: (1) The radiative correction induced by family gauge interaction cancels the QED radiative correction to Koide's mass formula, assuming a scenario in which the U(3) family gauge symmetry and SU(2)_L weak gauge symmetry are unified at 10^2-10^3 TeV scale; (2) A simple potential of \\Phi invariant under U(3)\\times SU(2) leads to a realistic charged lepton ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The objective of this Energy Engineering Analysis (EEA) for LSAAP is threefold: Develop a systematic plan of projects which will result in reducing energy consumption. Consider renewable energy sources with the objective of establishing an orderly procedure for reducing use of non-renewable energy sources. Determine the feasibility of Total Energy (TE), Selective Energy (SE), and Central Heating Plant (CHP) concepts using alternative fuels. In essence, an assessment of the entire energy picture at LSAAP was undertaken. This report is a summary of that effort. LSAAP was originally built during 1941 and 1942 as a shell loading plant for the Army. After World War II, the facility was deactivated until 1951 when it was reactivated as a Government Owned, Contractor Operated (GOCO) facility. Day and Zimmerman was selected as the operator in 1951 and has been the operating contractor ever since. Located just west of Texarkana, Texas, LSAAP encompasses an area of ...