Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

Robert A. Martock. Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a. Novel Indium Mercapto Derivative. [Clln(SCH. 2 ...

Science.gov (United States)

Not Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Periodontitis is an infectious process characterized by inflammation affecting the supporting structures of the teeth. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major oral bacterial species implicated...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A unique antibacterial peptide derivative found in immune honeybee lymph, apidaecin 1b (AP1), was randomly mutagenized and characterized by a newly established system to analyze in vivo its structure-function...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This report documents the research activities by Rogers and Associates Engineering Corporation on grant DE-FG03-93ER61600 during the funded project period from August 1993 to April 1996. The objective of this research was to characterize the mechanisms and rates of radon gas penetration of the different structural domains of the concrete components of residential floor slabs, walls, and associated joints and penetrations. The research was also to characterize the physical properties of the concretes in these domains to relate their radon resistance to their physical properties. These objectives support the broader goal of characterizing which, if any, concrete domains and associated properties constitute robust barriers to radon and which permit radon entry, either inherently or in ways that could be remediated or avoided.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Models of the human airways have played a major role in evaluating the health effects of inhaled radionuclides. While models such as those of Weibel (1963) provide data necessary for characterizing deposition of aerosol, they have not characterized the cells at risks in the airspaces. Given the advancements in techniques and study of cell cultures exposed to ionizing radiation there is a need to extrapolate between the simple structures of cell culture systems and the complex architecture of the human airways. The preliminary data in this paper provide a complete characterization of the size and number of cells in the airways and represents a significant advance in our study of the health consequences of exposure to inhaled radionuclides. 26 refs., 2 figs., 4 tabs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the developmental restructuring of somatic cells towards the embryogenic pathway and forms the basis of cellular totipotency in angiosperms. With the availability of full-length...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

1. The structural requirements of an allosteric barbiturate binding site on acetylcholine receptor-rich membranes isolated from Torpedo electroplaques have been characterized by the ability of fourteen...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

This study investigated weathering effects on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based wood plastic composites (WPC), with a focus on the color and structure that is attributed to the material composition. It is directed towards quantifying the main chemical modifi...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Hydrogen cyanide polymerizes readily under a variety of conditions and significant prebiotic roles have been suggested for these polymers due to the abundance of HCN in universe. However, the structures...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

The structural features of 25mm combustible cartridge cases, manufactured for this program and having nitrocellulose/resin/fiber ratios of 85/10/5, 80/15/5, 75/20/5 and 75/10/15, were characterized through permeability measurements, respectively, about 10...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Hundreds of genomes have been successfully sequenced to date, and the data are publicly available. At the same time, the advances in large-scale expression and purification of recombinant proteins have...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Novel Indium Mercapto Derivative [Clln(SCH2(CO)O)2]2-[(4-MepyH)2]2+. AUTHOR(S): ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A mixed copper complex with deprotonated nalidixic acid (nal) and histamine (hsm) was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, and conductivity. The crystal structure of [Cu(hsm)(nal)H₂O]Cl·3H₂O...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

The synthesis and structural characterization of a novel In(III) complex is described. The reaction between InCl3 with sodium mercapto-acetic acid, (NaSCH2(CO)OH) in 4-methylpyridine, (CH3(C5H5N), (4-Mepy)) at 25 C affords (ClIn(SCH2(CO)O)2)2- ((4-MepyH)2...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper describes an experimental investigation involving pore structure of blended gypsum binder. The pore structure was investigated by using mercury porosimeter. A relationship between structure and mechanical properties has been established. It has been found that the principal factor of porosity governs the development of structure and strength of the blended gypsum binder. The pore size distribution was characterized by a reduction in the volume of the pores whose diameters are larger than 500 {angstrom} and an increase in the volume of those smaller diameters. An interpretation of the development in strength vis-a-vis porosity of the blended gypsum binder is presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ferrite of system, namely Ni_1_-_xZn_xFe_2O_4 with x = (0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0), have been prepared by solid state reaction to investigate the effect of gamma rays irradiations using Co"6"0 source on the cation distribution, structural and magnetic properties. The unirradiated and irradiated samples were then subjected to characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, magnetization and AC susceptibility. The results of these characterizations are found to be different for irradiated from that of the pristine sample. The modifications in respect of irradiated samples are explained in terms of the ion-induced disorder. The important result of #gamma#-irradiation on the cation distribution, structural and magnetic properties is the change of ratio Fe"2"+/Fe"3"+. Possible reasons on the results are proposed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The symposium, Polycrystalline Thin Films - Structure, Texture, Properties, and Applications III, was held at the 1997 Materials Research Society Spring Meeting on March 31--April 4 in San Francisco, California. The topics and investigations were interdisciplinary in nature, and ranged from fundamental to technological. Specifically, the work presented in this volume includes film growth, texture and structural evolution, phase transformation, characterization of grain boundaries and interfaces, stress analysis, and works on polycrystalline Si and SiGe films and devices. Fifty four papers were processed separately for inclusion on the data base.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Whereas supersaturated aluminum alloys demonstrate enhanced passivity, conventional aluminum alloys spontaneously pit in air-saturated chloride solutions. We have concentrated on three areas: evaluation and characterization of Al-W alloys, which exhibit the best corrosion performance of any alloy system studied to date; characterization of the passive-film structure of Al-Mo alloys; and production and characterization of Al-W and Al-Ta powders, which will be used for compaction into bulk material. Surface analysis of the Al-W passive films formed during polarization show surprising little oxidized solute compared to other alloys. These results indicate that the barrier layer formation and electrostatic repulsion mechanisms used to explain the passivity of other alloys are not involved here. Instead the W may act to stabilize the passive film structure in a way similar to the way ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The gel electrolyte for the zinc-air cell was prepared by mixing hydroponics gel with a 6M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution. The self-discharge of cells was characterized by measuring the open-circuit voltage. The effect of a discharge rate of 50mA constant current on cell voltage and plateau hour, as well as the voltage-current and current density-power density were measured and analysed. The electrode degradation after discharge cycling was characterized by structural and surface methods. The oxidation of the electrode surface further blocked the utilization of the Zn anode and was identified as a cause for the failure of the cell. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A micellar method has been used to prepare silver-coated cobalt (Co-Ag) nanoparticles. The synthesized particles have been deeply characterized by several methods, i.e., XRD, UV-Vis, TEM, XPS, and electrochemical techniques. There is every indication that the obtained particles show a truly core-shell structure. All the nanoparticles obtained under different conditions are in the size range 3-5 nm. High-resolution TEM (HRTEM), Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT), and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) indicated that the presence of hcp-Co and fcc-Ag, in which cobalt is located in the central area; meanwhile silver is at the edges of the nanoparticle. The absorption band of the Co-Ag colloid shifts to a longer wavelength and broadens relative to that of pure silver colloid. Voltammetric characterization allowed to determine the coverage of the cobalt core.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors used a near full-length human ornithine [delta]-aminotransferase cDNA, huOAT6, as a probe under low stringency hybridization conditions to identify a new autosomal ornithine [delta]-aminotransferase-related sequence (OATL3). Cloning and characterization of this sequence reveal it to be a partial nonprocessed pseudogene corresponding to exon 3 and flanking intronic sequences of the ornithine [delta]-aminotransferase structural gene. Using somatic cell hybrids and fluorescence in situ hybridization, they mapped OATL3 to 10q26, adjacent to the ornithine [delta]-aminotransferase structural gene locus. 13 refs., 3 figs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The small-angle X-ray scattering technique was used to determine the intermolecular structure and interaction potentials in oxi-and deoxi-hemoglobin solutions. The pair correlation function obtained by the ZERNICKE-PRINS equation characterizes the intermolecular structure of the hemoglobin molecules. The intermolecular structure is concentration dependent. The hemoglobin molecules have a 'short range order structure' with a range of about 4 molecule diameters at 324 g/l. The potential functions of the hemoglobin-hemoglobin interaction have been determined on the basis of fluid theories. Except for the deoxi-hemoglobin solution having the concentration 370 g/l, the pair interaction consists in a short repulsion and a weak short-range attraction against kT. The potential minimum is between 1.2 - 1.5 nm above the greatest hemoglobin diameter. (author).

CERN Document Server

Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) on the unilamellar vesicle populations (diameter 500 and 1000 angstrom) was used to characterize lipid vesicles from dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) at three phases (gel, ripple, and liquid). Parameters of vesicle populations and internal structure of the DMPC bilayer were characterized on the basis of the Separated Form Factor (SFF) model. Parameters of the internal bilayer structure (thickness of the membrane and the hydrophobic core, hydration, and surface area of lipid molecule) were determined on the basis of the Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic (HH) approximation of neutron scattering length density across the bilayer r(x) and of the Step Function (SF) approximation of r(x). It was demonstrated in frame of HH approximation that DMPC membrane thickness in liquid phase (T=30 degrees) depends on the membrane curvature. The dependence of the DMPC membrane thickness ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The structural acceptance criteria contained herein for the evaluation of existing underground double-shell waste storage tanks located at the Hanford Site is part of the Life Management/Aging Management Program of the Tank Waste Remediation System. The purpose of the overall life management program is to ensure that confinement of the waste is maintained over the required service life of the tanks. Characterization of the present condition of the tanks, understanding and characterization of potential degradation mechanisms, and development of tank structural acceptance criteria based on previous service and projected use are prerequisites to assessing tank integrity, to projecting the length of tank service, and to developing and applying prudent fixes or repairs. The criteria provided herein summarize the requirements for the analysis and structural qualification of the existing ...

CERN Document Server

This work provides explicit characterizations and formulae for the minimal polynomials of a wide variety of structured $4\\times 4$ matrices. These include symmetric, Hamiltonian and orthogonal matrices. Applications such as the complete determination of the Jordan structure of skew-Hamiltonian matrices and the computation of the Cayley transform are given. Some new classes of matrices are uncovered, whose behaviour insofar as minimal polynomials are concerned, is remarkably similar to those of skew-Hamiltonian and Hamiltonian matrices. The main technique is the invocation of the associative algebra isomorphism between the tensor product of the quaternions with themselves and the algebra of real $4\\times 4$ matrices.

Science.gov (United States)

The total area ( s m) of Voronoi-Dirichlet polyhedron faces corresponding to all intermolecular contacts of one molecule in the structure of crystals and the total volume of pyramids ( V m) built on such faces and containing the nuclei of atoms participating in intermolecular contacts in their vertices were determined for 19 unsaturated hydrocarbons. The differential molar heat of adsorption of the hydrocarbons on graphitized thermal carbon black was found to be linearly related to the s m or V m integral parameters of their Voronoi-Dirichlet polyhedra. Aromatic hydrocarbons on the one hand and saturated hydrocarbons, olefins, and acetylene on the other are characterized by different dependences because of the special shapes of their molecular Voronoi-Dirichlet polyhedra.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In order to prevent corrosion failures of machines and structures, it is desirable to know in advance when the corrosion damage will take place, and appropriate measures are needed to mitigate the damage. The corrosion predictions are needed both at development as well as operational stage of machines and structures. There are several forms of corrosion process through which varying degrees of damage can occur. Under certain conditions these corrosion processes at alone and in other set of conditions, several of these processes may occur simultaneously. For a certain type of machine elements and structures, such as gears, bearing, tubes, pipelines, containers, storage tanks etc., are particularly prone to pitting corrosion which is an insidious form of corrosion. The corrosion predictions are usually based on experimental results obtained from test coupons and/or field experiences of similar machines or parts of a ...

CERN Document Server

Normal maps between discrete groups $N\\rightarrow G$ were characterized[FS] as those which induce a compatible topological group structure on the homotopy quotient $EN\\times_N G$. Here we deal with topological group maps $N\\rightarrow G$ being normal in the same sense as above and hence forming a homotopical analogue to the inclusion of a topological normal subgroup in a reasonable way. We characterize these maps by a compatible simplicial loop space structure on $Bar_\\bullet(N,G)$, invariant under homotopy monoidal functors, e.g. Localizations and Completions. In the course of characterizing homotopy normality, we define a notion of a "homotopy action" similar to an $A_{\\infty}$ action on a space, but phrased in terms of Segal's 'special $\\Delta-$spaces' and seem to be of importance on its own right. As an application of the invariance of normal maps, we give a very short ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Reaction kinetics for the displacement of 5-aminoquinoline (5-Aq) and diethyl sulfide (SEt{sub 2}) from cis-[PtPh{sub 2}(CO)(L)] (L = 5-Aq or SEt{sub 2}) by aliphatic amines was measured for a wide array of amines. Reaction products were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopies and crystalk structures of selected products were reported. Steric effects on the substitutions were discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The radiologic appearance of inflammatory and tumorous lesions in the iliac bone is characterized by destructive alterations and consolidations simultaneously. This pattern is nonspecific. The value of plain films of this area is compromised by the anatomy of the iliac bone and by overlying structures. Therefore tomography, computer tomography and bone scans are necessary. Difficulties in differentiation between benign and malignant lesions are discussed and case reports are given. The importance of histologic examination is stressed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Quark models of cumulative particle production and EMS effect are analyzed. All the models are characterized by a universal relationship between the spectrum of cumulative nucleons and the cross section of cumulative particles containing valence nuclear quarks. This relationship is tested for a deuteron. The role is discussed played by secondary nuclear processes for heavy nuclei. A special role of ''sea'' cumulative particles (K"-, p-bar) is pointed out in understanding the nature of the difference between the structure functions of a nucleus and of free nucleon.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The gene Rv1885c from the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H₃₇R_v encodes a monofunctional and secreted chorismate mutase (*MtCM) with a 33-amino-acid...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this study, free electron laser (FEL) with selective wavelength was used to induce structure changes of biomolecules, which were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. For understanding of the interactions between FEL and biomolecules as well as biological tissues, the biomolecules investigated are ATP, ADP, AMP, t-RNA, D-ribose and the complex of SmCl_3-D-ribose. Their FTIR spectra before and after irradiation of FEL show molecular structure variations of the samples after irradiation of FEL, especially the rearrangement of their hydrogen bond networks. Along with the various irradiation wavelengths, irradiation time and molecular structures, the changes after irradiation are different for these molecules. In the FTIR spectra after irradiation, the phenomenon that the bands split into several peaks indicates the existence of several structures, conformations and configurations, ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The light-emitting properties of cubic silicon carbide films grown by vacuum vapor phase epitaxy on Si(100) and Si(111) substrates under conditions of decreased growth temperatures (T gr ? 900?700?C) have been discussed. Structural investigations have revealed a nanocrystalline structure and, simultaneously, a homogeneity of the phase composition of the grown 3C-SiC films. Photoluminescence spectra of these structures under excitation of the electronic subsystem by a helium-cadmium laser (?excit = 325 nm) are characterized by a rather intense luminescence band with the maximum shifted toward the ultraviolet (?3 eV) region of the spectral range. It has been found that the integral curve of photoluminescence at low temperatures of measurements is split into a set of Lorentzian components. Th...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Studies addressed to a deep understanding of the structure/property relationship on the near infrared (NIR)-emissive erbium-quinolinolate complexes, which are of interest for low-cost photonic systems, are reviewed. The role of the 8-quinolinolate ligand (Q), which studies also as sensitizer to overcome the weak absorptivity of lanthanide ion, is discussed. Synthetic and structural aspects are reported to revise the old assumption that these complexes are analogous in structure to AlQ3 and to point out the specificity of the lanthanide coordination chemistry. In fact depending on reaction conditions, species with high coordination numbers and differing for nuclearity and stoichiometry have been isolated and fully characterized. In some instances it has been shown that coordinated water mol...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The effect of asymmetry tilt angle ion implantation on polysilicon thin-film transistors (TFTs) device characteristics are investigated. This asymmetric source/drain (S/D) TFTs structure exhibits low leakage current and suppressed kink effect due to the relief of higher electric field near the drain junction side. It is shown that the optimal implantation tilt angle is 30 deg. in our annealing condition. And the anomalous off-state current is more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of the conventional TFTs. By well controlled the LDD region, this structure can act as a conventional structure in the on-state and the turn-on current will not be degraded. Besides, the device under severe hot carrier bias stress shows better hot carrier endurance.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Uridine phosphorylase (UPP) catalyzes the reversible conversion of uridine to uracil and ribose-1-phosphate and plays an important pharmacological role in activating fluoropyrimidine nucleoside chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-fluorouracil and capecitabine. Most vertebrate animals, including humans, possess two homologs of this enzyme (UPP1 & UPP2), of which UPP1 has been more thoroughly studied and is better characterized. Here, we report two crystallographic structures of human UPP2 (hUPP2) in distinctly active and inactive conformations. These structures reveal that a conditional intramolecular disulfide bridge can form within the protein that dislocates a critical phosphate-coordinating arginine residue (R100) away from the active site, disabling the enzyme. In vitro activity measurem...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Low-temperature catalytic pretreatment is a promising approach to the development of an improved liquefaction process- This work is a fundamental study on effects of pretreatments on coal structure and reactivity in liquefaction. The main objectives of this project are to study the coal structural changes induced by low-temperature catalytic and thermal pretreatments by using spectroscopic techniques; and to clarify the pretreatment-induced changes in reactivity or convertibility of coals in the subsequent liquefaction. This report describes the recent progress of our work. Substantial progress has been made in the spectroscopic characterization of structure and pretreatment-liquefaction reactions of a Montana subbituminous Coal (DECS-9), and thermochemical analysis of three mw and reacted bituminous coals. Temperature programmed liquefaction has been performed on three low-rank coals both in the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Transuranic Waste Form Characterization and Data Base (Volume 1) provides a wide range of information from which a comprehensive data base can be established and from which standards and criteria can be developed for the present NRC waste management program. Supplementary information on each of the areas discussed in Volume 1 is presented in Appendices A through K (Volumes 2 and 3). The structure of the study (Volume 1) is outlined and appendices of Volumes 2 and 3 correlate with each main section of the report. The Executive Summary reviews the sources, quantities, characteristics and treatment of transuranic wastes in the United States. Due to the variety of potential treatment processes for transuranic wastes, the end products for long-term storage may have corresponding variations in quantities and characteristics.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Here we reported a two-step procedure for preparing a novel polymeric based solid-solid phase change heat storage material. Firstly, a copolymer monomer containing a polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (MPEG) phase change unit and a vinyl unit was synthesized via the modification of hydrogen group of MPEG. Secondly, by copolymerization of the copolymer monomer and phenyl ethylene, a novel polymeric based solid-solid phase change heat storage material was prepared. The composition, structure and properties of the novel polymeric based solid-solid phase change material were characterized by IR, "1H NMR, DSC, WAXD, and POM, respectively. The results show that the novel polymeric based solid-solid phase change material possesses of excellent crystal properties and high phase change enthalpy.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We summarize recent developments in x-ray microscopy of polymers by focusing on the characterization of organic electronic devices. The quantitative compositions of model polymer blends have been mapped at a resolution of {approx}35 nm. Since it could be inferred that these devices have structures smaller than 35 nm, quantitative compositional mapping at length scales below the present resolution limit of x-ray microscopy is required. Organic devices thus serve to both highlight the success of NEXAFS microscopy to date, but to also outline the very real need for higher spatial resolution. New approaches to create improved optics or different acquisition modalities are required if x-ray microscopy is to make sustained contributions to such an important area of research as organic devices.

Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in-place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional and multi-component seismic area is being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with extended-reach jetting lance and other ultra-short radius lateral technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimates of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.

Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in-place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3D) and multi-component seismic are being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short-lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimates of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in- place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3D) and multi- component seismic are being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short- lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimates of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in- place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3-D) and multi-component seismic are being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short-lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimate of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in-place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing three-dimensional is being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterization tools are integrated with geological and engineering studies. Improved completion efficiency is being tested with short-lateral and horizontal drilling technologies. Improved completion efficiency, additional wells at closer spacing and better estimates of oil-in-place will result in additional oil production by primary and enhanced recovery processes.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The Mylliem granitoids of the Meghalaya Plateau, northeastern India, represent one of the disharmonic Neoproterozoic igneous plutons, which are intrusive into low-grade Shillong Group of metasediments. Field studies indicate that the Mylliem granitoids cover an area of about 40 km2 and is characterized by development of variable attitude of primary foliations mostly marked along the margin of the pluton. Xenoliths of both Shillong Group of metasediments and mafic rocks have been found to occur within Mylliem granitoids. Structural study of the primary foliation is suggestive of funnel-shaped intrusion of Mylliem granitoids with no appreciable evidence of shearing. Petrographically, Mylliem granitoids are characterized by pink to white phenocrysts of prismatic microcline/perthite and lath-s...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Half-Heusler phases XYZ (Pearson symbol cF12) are chemically versatile and rich in physical properties. The half-Heusler phase in the Fe-Zn-Sb ternary system was reported in the year 2000. In this work, two new ternary phases are identified in the vicinity of the equiatomic composition FeZnSb in the same system: Fe1-xZnSb (tetragonal, space group P4/nmm, Pearson symbol tP6-?, Z=2: a=4.1113(6) A, c=6.0127(12) A for x=0.08 (1), and a=4.1274(6) A, c=6.0068(12) A for x=0.12 (2)); and Fe7.87Zn6.72Sb8 (Fe0.98Zn0.84Sb) (3) (cubic, space group Fm-3m, Pearson symbol cF96-?, Z=4, a=11.690(13) A). 1 and 2 crystallize in the PbFCl-type structure, and 3 adopts a unique 2x2x2 supercell of a normal half-Heusler structure. The structures of both the tetragonal and cubic phases can be described as assemblies of half-Heusler structure related subunits. Electrical resistivity measurement on the pure sample of 2 shows it ...

Science.gov (United States)

N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) mutagenesis has led to the elucidation of several regulator genes for melanocyte and skin development. Here we characterized a mutant from ENU mutagenesis with similar phenotype as that of Splotch mutant, including exencephaly, spina bifida and abnormal limbs in homozygotes as well as white belly spotting and occasionally loop-tail in heterozygotes. This novel mutant was named as Sp(xG). Through genome-wide linkage analysis in backcross progenies with microsatellite markers, the Sp(xG) was confined to a region between D1MIT415 and D1MIT7 on chromosome 1, where notable Pax3 gene was located. Direct sequencing revealed that Sp(xG) carried a nucleotide A894G missense transition in exon 6 of Pax3 gene that resulted in Asn to Asp substitution at amino acid 269 within the highly-conserved homeodomain (HD) DNA recognition module, which was the first point mutation found in this domain in mice. This N269D mutation impaired the transactivation ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Waste Sampling and Characterization Facility (WSCF) complex consists of the main structure (WSCF) and four support structures located in the 600 Area of the Hanford site east of the 200 West area and south of the Hanford Meterology Station. WSCF is to be used for low level sample analysis, less than 2 mRem. The Laboratory features state-of-the-art analytical and low level radiological counting equipment for gaseous, soil, and liquid sample analysis. In particular, this facility is to be used to perform Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 and Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980 sample analysis in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Protocols, room air and stack monitoring sample analysis, waste water treatment process support, and contractor laboratory quality assurance checks. The samples to be analyzed contain very low concentrations ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

New Schiff base derivatives (L1 and L2) were prepared by the condensation of 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (o-vanillin) and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (iso-vanillin) with 5-methylfurfurylamine. Two new complexes [Ni(L1)2] and [Cu(L1)2] have been synthesized with bidentate NO donor Schiff base ligand (L1). The Ni(II) and Cu(II) atoms in each complex are four coordinated in a square planar geometry. Schiff bases (L1 and L2) and complexes [Ni(L1)2] and [Cu(L1)2] were characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR, UV-vis, mass and 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopies. The crystal structures of the ligand (L2) and complexes [Ni(L1)2] and [Cu(L1)2] have also been determined by using X-ray crystallographic technique.

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The National Spallation Neutron Source (NSNS), in which neutrons are generated by bombarding a liquid mercury target with 1 GeV protons, will place extraordinary demands on materials performance. The target structural material will operate in an aggressive environment, subject to intense fluxes of high energy protons, neutrons, and other particles, while exposed to liquid mercury and to water. Components that require special consideration include the Hg liquid target container and protective shroud, beam windows, support structures, moderator containers, and beam tubes. In response to these demands a materials R and D program has been developed for the NSNS that includes: selection of materials; calculations of radiation damage; irradiations, post irradiation testing, and characterization; compatibility testing and characterization; design and implementation of a plan for monitoring of materials ...

CERN Document Server

This study explores a method to characterize temporal structure of intermittent phase locking in oscillatory systems. When an oscillatory system is in a weakly synchronized regime away from a synchronization threshold, it spends most of the time in parts of its phase space away from synchronization state. Therefore characteristics of dynamics near this state (such as its stability properties/Lyapunov exponents or distributions of the durations of synchronized episodes) do not describe system's dynamics for most of the time. We consider an approach to characterize the system dynamics in this case, by exploring the relationship between the phases on each cycle of oscillations. If some overall level of phase locking is present, one can quantify when and for how long phase locking is lost, and how the system returns back to the phase-locked state. We consider several examples to illustrate this approach: coupled skewed tent ...

CERN Document Server

We present a set of structural parameters for the central parts of 57 early-type galaxies observed with the Planetary Camera of the Hubble Space Telescope. These parameters are based on a new empirical law that successfully characterizes the centers of early type galaxies. This empirical law assumes that the surface brightness profile is a combination of two power laws with different slopes gamma and beta for the inner and outer regions. Conventional structural parameters such as core radius and central surface brightness are replaced by break radius r_b, where the transition between power-law slopes takes place, and surface brightness mu_b at that radius. An additional parameter alpha describes the sharpness of the break. The structural parameters are derived using a chi-squared minimization process applied to the mean surface brightness profiles. The resulting model profiles generally give very good ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this study, WO3 thin films were grown on glass substrates using an aqueous solution containing tungstate (NH4)2WO4 as precursor. The substrate temperature incremented from 250 to 500 deg. C, by steps of 50 deg. C. The structural properties were investigated using XRD, atomic force microscopy and scanning electronic microscopy techniques. Microprobe analyses showed that a balanced stoichiometric composition was obtained for thin films prepared at Ts = 350 and 400 deg. C. The X-ray diffraction analyses showed different structure crystallography in function of the substrate temperature. Moreover, films deposited at 400 deg. C were annealed in air for 2 h at 450 and 500 deg. C, respectively and the structural changes due to heat treatment were studied. Finally, the optical properties of these films were carried out using optical measurements of transmittance T(?) and reflectance R(?) spectra in 300-1800 nm domain. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors report on the nano-fabrication of GaN/AlGaN device structures using focused ion beam (FIB) etching, illustrated on a GaN/AlGaN heterostructure field effect transistor (HFET). Pillars as small as 20nm to 300nm in diameter were fabricated from the GaN/AlGaN HFET. Micro-photoluminescence and UV micro-Raman maps were recorded from the FIB-etched pattern to assess its material quality. Photoluminescence was detected from 300nm-size GaN/AlGaN HFET pillars, i.e., from the AlGaN as well as the GaN layers in the device structure, despite the induced etch damage. Properties of the GaN and the AlGaN layers in the FIB-etched areas were mapped using UV Micro-Raman spectroscopy. Damage introduced by FIB-etching was assessed. The fabricated nanometer-size GaN/AlGaN structures were found to be of good quality. The results demonstrate the potential of FIB-etching for the nano-fabrication of III-V nitride devices.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The TiO2 hollow microspheres were prepared by microwave-assisted solvothermal treatment without template. The morphology and the phase of TiO2 hollow microspheres were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and BET surface areas. The results show that the particles have hollow structures and the shell was covered by nanocrystals and have higher specific surface area. The possible formation mechanism of hollow TiO2 spherical structures has simply been proposed. The activity was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO). The results show that the particles having specific surface area show higher photocatalytic activity. It can be attribute to the doped ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper presents results of studying the thermo-transferred thermoluminescence (TTTl) phenomenon in potassium-yttrium double fluoride doped with terbium (K_2YF_5_:Tb) at different impurity concentrations (0.8%, 0.95% and 0.99%). Previously to study the TTTl phenomenon, structural characterization and chemical composition of the materials were determined. The structural studies were conducted using a scanning electron microscope; meanwhile, chemical composition was analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Thermoluminescence kinetics was studied irradiating the samples with "1"3"7Cs gamma rays as well as with "9"0Sr/"9"0Y beta rays, analyzing the glow curves by the deconvolution method for obtaining the kinetic parameters. (Author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A series of novel triazolinones were synthesized and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The herbicidal activities were evaluated against Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv., Digitaria adscendens, Brassica napus and Amaranthus retroflexus. The herbicidal activity data indicated that the title compounds had higher activities with substituted benzyl group moieties than with other groups such as sulfonyl, alkyl, etc. To further investigate the structure-activity relationship, comparative molecular field analysis was performed on the basis of herbicidal activity data. Both the steric and electronic field distributions of comparative molecular field analysis are in good agreement in this work. The results showed that a b...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Reactive blue 2 (RB-2) had been characterized as a relatively potent ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) inhibitor with some selectivity for NTPDase3. In search for the pharmacophore and to analyze structure-activity relationships we synthesized a series of truncated derivatives and analogs of RB-2, including 1-amino-2-sulfo-4-ar(alk)ylaminoanthraquinones, 1-amino-2-methyl-4-arylaminoanthraquinones, 1-amino-4-bromoanthraquinone 2-sulfonic acid esters and sulfonamides, and bis-(1-amino-4-bromoanthraquinone) sulfonamides, and investigated them in preparations of rat NTPDase1, 2, and 3 using a capillary electrophoresis assay. Several 1-amino-2-sulfo-4-ar(alk)ylaminoanthraquinone derivatives inhibited E-NTPDases in a concentration-dependent manner. The 2-sulfonate group ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

To elucidate biosorption mechanism and removal efficiency of plant residues as a biosorbent to abate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wastewater, sorption of PAHs onto wood chips (WC), ryegrass roots (RR), orange peels (OP), bamboo leaves (BL), and pine needles (PN) were investigated. The structural characterization of the biosorbents was analyzed by elemental composition, BET-N2 surface area, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. PAHs sorption to the selected biosorbents were compared and correlated with their structures. Biosorption isotherms fit well with Freundlich equation and the mechanism was dominated by partition process. The magnitude of phenanthrene partition coefficients (Kd) followed the order of PN>BL>OP>RR>WC, ranged from 2484+/-24.24 to 5306+/-92.49L/kg. Ex...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silicon layered structures containing porous silicon modified with various thermal treatments and epitaxial layers deposited on porous layers were studied with a number of complementary X-ray diffraction methods using synchrotron source. The methods of characterization included recording of rocking curves for reflections with various asymmetry as well as projection, section and micro-Laue topography. It was found that oxidizing and sintering of porous silicon seriously modified the strains in the porous layer and in some cases even inverting the sense of strain with respect to that in initially formed porous layer. Consequently the deposited epitaxial layer usually was not laterally coherent with the substrate. Some of investigated layers were not stable in time and after few months period exhibited significant lost of coherence of porous skeleton. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The indium implant damage and diffusion behavior in thin silicon-on-insulator (SOI) with a 200 nm top silicon layer were studied for different implantation energies and doses. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry in the channeling mode (RBS/C) was used to characterize the implant damage before and after annealing. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to study the indium transient enhanced diffusion (TED) behavior in the top Si layer of the SOI structure. An anomalous redistribution of indium after relatively high energy (200 keV) and dose (1 x 10"1"4 cm"-"2) implantation was observed in both bulk Si and SOI substrates. However, there exist differences in these two substrates that are attributable to the more predominant out-diffusion of indium as well as the influence of the buried oxide layer in the SOI structure.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Diurnal and seasonal thermal constancy, a greatly delayed seasonal temperature maximum, and summer cool and winter warm conditions characterize the stream environment below a deep-release dam in Colorado. Low diversity index and equitability values and changes in macroinvertebrate species composition may result from failure of the temperature regime to provide the thermal stimuli essential for various life-cycle phenomena. It is hypothesized that the following sublethal effects, directly or indirectly resulting from the modified temperature regime, may further alter macroinvertebrate community structure: reduction of niche overlap and a shift toward an equilibrium community as a consequence of reduced environmental fluctuation; more intense competition associated with greater productivity; elimination of major invertebrate predators; and failure of the limited temperature range to provide optimal temperatures for various physiological ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The detection and characterization of deeply buried fatigue damage in thick, multi-layer airframe components pose significant technical challenges to the aviation safety community. Currently, no nondestructive evaluation technique is available to reliably detect such potential damage from the exterior of the airframe, which is highly desirable in light of inspection cost as well as avoidance of structure damage. Recent technological advances in high-sensitivity magnetic sensors, i.e., spin-dependent tunneling (SDT) sensors, make it feasible to employ electromagnetic inspection techniques for deep fatigue crack inspection. In this work, we report on the development and fabrication of a low frequency eddy current probe based on a magnetically shielded SDT pickup sensor concentrically located...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The authors present an investigation of structural changes occurring in bilayer stacks with crystalline columnar growth when one of the layers is substituted by layers known to grow amorphous. In Co/Cu multilayers the Co layers were substituted by CoZr layers of varying Zr content and layer thickness. Structural characterization was performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). They show that the amorphization of the CoZr layers leading to a destruction of the columnar growth depends both on the Zr content and on the thickness of the CoZr layers. Additionally a change to textured growth with a normal to the substrate occurs with increasing Zr content. They explain their observations by a simple picture based on the hard sphere model.

CERN Document Server

We propose a combined experimental (Atomic Force Microscopy) and theoretical study of the structural and dynamical properties of nucleosomes. In contrast to biochemical approaches, this method allows to determine simultaneously the DNA complexed length distribution and nucleosome position in various contexts. First, we show that differences in the nucleo-proteic structure observed between conventional H2A and H2A.Bbd variant nucleosomes induce quantitative changes in the in the length distribution of DNA complexed with histones. Then, the sliding action of remodeling complex SWI/SNF is characterized through the evolution of the nucleosome position and wrapped DNA length mapping. Using a linear energetic model for the distribution of DNA complexed length, we extract the net wrapping energy of DNA onto the histone octamer, and compare it to previous studies.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The mechanism of abrupt increase of the giant magneto impedance (GMI) ratio in the ion irradiated Co-based amorphous ribbon has been investigated. The grazing incident X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope were used to characterize the samples before and after ion irradiation. The GMI-ratio considerably increased in the ion irradiated samples and the GMI response showed strong dependence on the driving frequencies. The Barkhausen noise (BN) signals are increased for the Ar ion irradiated sample with dose of 1x10^1^7 ion/cm^2. The results are interpreted in terms of GMI variation associated with domain wall dynamics.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Within about 10 years, microelectronic devices will be made with more than a billion (10"9) electronic components per chip. To implement such a sophisticated technology it will be essential to have a fundamental understanding of the solid state interaction between the different materials in thin film semiconductor structures. This is the main purpose of this research program. Characterization and analysis is carried out mainly by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and channelling using accelerated nuclear particles from the Van de Graaff accelerator, while radioactive isotopes provide information about interaction mechanisms. 6 figs., 1 ref.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Quark models of production of cumulative particles and the EMC effect are analyzed. It is shown that all these models are characterized by a universal relation between the spectrum of cumulative nucleons and the cross section for cumulative particles containing valence quarks of the nucleus. This relation is tested for the deuteron, and the role of secondary nuclear processes for heavy nuclei is discussed. It is noted that the ''sea'' cumulative particles (K/sup -/, p-bar) are particularly important for understanding the nature of the difference between the structure functions of a nucleus and of a free nucleon.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Carbalkoxylation of vinyl electrophiles was investigated using platinum complexes. This reaction occurs in two steps: (a) carbonyl insertion of {sigma}-vinyl Pt(II) halides and (b) alcoholysis of vinylic acyl Pt(II) complexes. Alcoholysis of vinylic acyl Pt(II) triflate complexes is investigated kinetically. Vinylic acyl Pt(II) complexes were isolated and characterized. 51 refs., 5 figs., 6 tabs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The Rosebel gold district is hosted in a Paleoproterozoic greenstone belt of the Guiana Shield and has many characteristics that enable classification of the ores as an orogenic gold deposit. Host rocks have undergone several phases of deformation. However, gold deposition occurred late in the structural history of the belt, and is considered part of a late regional metallogenic event with respect to the geotectonic evolution of the Guiana Shield. Economic gold mineralization is hosted in felsic to mafic volcanic rocks and two sedimentary successions that are differentiated into turbiditic and arenitic depositional packages. The detailed lithostratigraphic characterization and the geochemistry enable the correlation of the local rock types with the Paramaka, the Armina, and the Rosebel for...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mass spectrometry was instrumental in the discovery of the fullerenes and the characterization of their special structure (truncated icosahedron). High resolution and high sensitivity mass spectrometry in combination with a crossed molecular beam/electron beam ion source is used here to study a further, very unique property of singly and multiply charged fullerene ions (up to Z=7), i.e. their strong resilience towards decomposition via sequential C_2 evaporation and via Coulomb explosion, respectively. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A complete electron paramagnetic resonance power pattern characterization of Fe"3"+ in cubic sites in presented. A one-to-one correspondence among the peaks appearing in the powder pattern and the outer fine-structure transitions (Mnot = 1/2 ) observed in the single crystal along the , , and directions is shown. It is shown that the process of mechanically grinding the single crystal to a powder (particle size approx.1--10 #mu#) does not remove the cubic symmetry sites. No axial or lower symmetry sites which may be induced by lattice distortion of the crystallites due to strain have been observed.

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A confocal microscopy imaging system was devised to selectively detect Second harmonic signals generated by biological tissues. Several types of biological tissues were examined using this imaging system, including human teeth, bovine blood vessels, and chicken skin. All these tissues generated strong second harmonic signals. There is considerable evidence that the source of these signals in tissue is collagen. Collagen, the predominant component of most tissues, is known to have second order nonlinear susceptibility. This technique may have diagnostic usefulness in pathophysiological conditions characterized by changes in collagen structure including malignant transformation of nevi, progression of diabetic complications, and abnormalities in wound healing.

CERN Document Server

For the past ten years, alternative loop rings have intrigued mathematicians from a wide cross-section of modern algebra. As a consequence, the theory of alternative loop rings has grown tremendously. One of the main developments is the complete characterization of loops which have an alternative but not associative, loop ring. Furthermore, there is a very close relationship between the algebraic structures of loop rings and of group rings over 2-groups. Another major topic of research is the study of the unit loop of the integral loop ring. Here the interaction between loop rings and group ri

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fluorinated amorphous carbon (a-C:F) films were deposited by radio frequency bias assisted microwave plasma electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition with tetrafluoromethane (CF_4) and acetylene (C_2H_2) as precursors. The deposition process was performed at two flow ratios R=0.90 and R=0.97, where R=CF_4/(CF_4+C_2H_2). The samples were annealed at 300 deg. C for 30 min. in a N_2 atmosphere. Both Fourier transform infrared and electron spectroscopy for chemical analyzer were used to characterize the a-C:F film chemical bond and fluorine concentration, respectively. A high resolution electron energy loss spectrometer was applied to detect the electronic structure. The higher CF_4 flow ratio (R=0.97) produced more sp"3 linear structure, and it made the a-C:F film smoother and softer. A lifetime of around 0.34 #mu#s and an energy gap of #approx#2.75 eV were observed in both the as-deposited and after annealing ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: A novel protocol based on electrospray ionization (ESI) multiple stage high capacity ion trap (HCT) mass spectrometry (MS) was developed for glycosphingolipidomic surveys. The method was optimized for detailed structural elucidation of human brain gangliosides and particularly applied to human hippocampus-associated structures. The multiple stage MS experiments allowed for a complete structural characterization of GM1 ganglioside species, which was achieved by elucidation of the oligosaccharide sequence, identification of the GM1 a structural isomer from the data upon sialic acid localization along the sugar backbone and determination of the d18:1/18:0 of fatty acid/sphingoid base composition of the ceramide moiety. The methodology developed here is of general practical applicability for glycolipids and represents a step forward in the implementation of the advanced and ...

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AlGaInP epitaxial layers grown at 690 {degree}C by atmospheric pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy are investigated by transmission electron microscopy. For the first time, compositionally modulated and ordered structures are simultaneously observed in AlGaInP alloys. The ordering is of the CuPt type with ordering along the {l brace}111{r brace} directions. The ordered regions appear as plate-like microdomains, while the composition modulation takes the form of a fine columnar constrast oriented along the growth direction. In addition, from the results of (001) plan-view diffraction contrast examination, the principal strain direction associated with the modulation structures is found to be perpendicular to the growth direction and lies in the surface plane. Thus, it is concluded that the spinodal decomposition is initiated and developed on the surface during the growth of the AlGaInP epitaxial layers and, finally, forms the columnar ...

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The effect of interfacial structure on the mechanical properties of aluminum-ceramic composite materials fabricated by liquid phase sintering was studied. The composites were based on two matrix alloys (powder metallurgy alloys 201 and 601) reinforced with either Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} or SiC particulate. Characterization of the interfacial regions demonstrated that the SiC-matrix interfaces were faceted whereas the Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-matrix interfaces had an incomplete layer of a silicon-rich amorphous phase. Preferential attack of the particles during sintering is believed to cause the crystallographic facets to form on SiC. Locally high silicon concentrations near Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} particles led to the formation of a glassy phase from the reduction of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}. The difference in interfacial structure resulted in a higher particle-matrix bond strength and therefore improved composite mechanical properties in the ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Copper(II) complex coordinated with cyclam-type macrocyclic tetramine, C-meso-1,5,8,12-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (2Cdmc) has been synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis and UV?Vis absorption spectra. Solved molecular structure of [Cu(2Cdmc)(H2O)]Cl2?2H2O (1) revealed that macrocyclic ligand 2Cdmc was in the most stable trans-III structure, but the C-methyl groups of 2Cdmc adopted energetically unfavorable axial configuration (C-axial). This complex 1 is the second example of complex of cyclam-type tetramine with only axially oriented C-methyl groups. This complex adopted five-coordinated square-pyramidal geometry with one water molecule occupying one of the two apical sites. Network of hydrogen bonds involving counter anions (Cl?...

CERN Document Server

Data that arises from computer vision and image processing is often characterized by a mixture of multiple linear (or affine) subspaces, leading to the challenging problem of subspace segmentation. We observe that the heart of segmentation is to deal with the data that may not strictly follow subspace structures, i.e., to handle the data corrupted by noise. In this work we therefore address the subspace recovery problem. Given a set of data samples approximately drawn from a union of multiple subspaces, our goal is to segment the samples into their respective subspaces and correct the possible noise as well, i.e., our goal is to recover the subspace structures from corrupted data. To this end, we propose low-rank representation (LRR) for recovering a low-rank data matrix from corrupted observations. The recovery is performed by seeking the lowest-rank representation among all the candidates that can represent the data ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The occurrence of stable decagonal quasicrystalline phase in Al-Co-Ni and Al-Cu-Co alloys through conventional solidification is well established. Earlier, we have studied the effect of Cu substitution in place of Co in the Al_7_0Co_1_5Ni_1_5 alloy. Here we report the structural/micro-structural changes with substitution of Cu for Ni in rapidly solidified Al-Co-Ni alloys. The melt spun ribbons have been characterized using X-ray diffractometry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. With an increase in Cu content in the melt spun Al_7_0Co_1_5Cu _xNi_1_5_-_x (x = 0-15 at.%) alloys, the relative amount of the decagonal phase decreased up to 10 at.% of Cu. At this composition, the quaternary alloy showed the co-existence of decagonal quasicrystal and superstructure of #tau#_3 vacancy ordered crystalline phases. The decagonal phase containing Cu showed more disordering than Al-Co-Ni alloys. The implication of the ...

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The properties of polycrystalline (Ti, Al)N coatings deposited on non-nitrided, classically plasma-nitrided and low pressure plasma-nitrided AISI H11 steel samples were investigated. The plasma deposition and low pressure plasma nitriding were performed in a Z700-LH magnetron sputter ion plating unit, while a separate unit was used for plasma nitriding of specimens at a pressure of several millibars. The (Ti, Al)N coating was deposited onto all the samples using the same equipment as for the plasma deposition and low pressure plasma nitriding. For the characterization of the composite structures, the following methods were used: scratch test, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, scanning tunnelling microscopy and microhardness testing. It was found that plasma nitriding prior to coating deposition strongly affects the growth and properties of hard coatings, such as the microhardness, adhesion, preferred orientation, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Holmium doped barium based hexaferrites BaFe_1_2_-_2_xHo_2_xO_1_9 with (x = 0.0-1.0) were synthesized by solid state reaction method. Structural and magnetic characterization of these ferrites provide significant information about their reactive physical properties. X-ray analysis reveals that in all samples M-type structure exist with few secondary phases. Scanning electron microscope revealed the grain size of the specimen. The results show that grain size decreases with the substitution degree of Holmium. Thus rare earth element Holmium Ho"3"+ acts as a grain growth inhibitor. The magnetic hysteresis loops show the variation in the values of magnetic parameters like saturation magnetization (M_s), remanent magnetization (M_r) and coercivity (H_c) were observed by changing Ho"3"+ content in BaFe_1_2_-_2_xHo_2_xO_1_9 ferrites. Coercivity showed a maximum value of 2230 Oe for (x = 0.4) and then decreasing trend were ...

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Modelization of crack propagation and theoretical prediction of rupture are the two main objectives of researchers in stress corrosion cracking. Nevertheless, to reach this aim, the behavior of the passive film which appears spontaneously on the substrate in contact with an environment has to be known. This structural and mechanical characterization is all the more difficult because the number of parameters is important: crystallinity rate, defects concentration, thickness (about a few nanometers), electric field, chemical composition (a lot of oxides are present), peeling layers (atomic structure for example) and some hypothesis can be made about their multi-layer structure, their chemical composition or their epitaxial character... Passive films formed on 316L or 304L stainless steels in different aqueous solutions (in ambient air, in MgCl{sub 2} at 117 deg. C...) have been studied and some important ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

For obtaining radiation less damagable laser mirrors, a preliminary optimization of film fabrication suitable for the analysis of laser damage mechanism has been done as the first step. Here, the optimization requires not only the stable fabrication process but also the ideal film structure i.e., the amorphous and smooth film structure simultaneously, eliminating latently unwanted secondary effects such as light scattering during laser damage test. For this purpose, we adopted the ion assisted deposition (IAD) method and modified the deposition conditions for titanium and tantalum oxide films, both of which compose typical high index layers, and where SiO_2 layers are also chosen as low index layers because of their amorphous and smooth nature, in alternative multilayer laser mirrors. Surface and cross sectional film structures and film crystallinity are compared and characterized, using a high ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

X-ray scattering from lyophilized proteins or protein-rich samples is characterized by the presence of two characteristic broad peaks at scattering angles equivalent to momentum transfer values of 0.27 and 0.6 nm{sup -1}, respectively. These peaks arise from the interference of coherently scattered photons. Once the conformation of a protein is changed, these two peaks reflect such change with considerable sensitivity. The present work examines the possibility of characterizing the most common cause of hemolytic anaemia in Egypt and many Mediterranean countries; {beta}-thalassemia, from its X-ray scattering profile. This disease emerges from a genetic defect causing reduced rate in the synthesis of one of the globin chains that make up hemoglobin. As a result, structurally abnormal hemoglobin molecules are formed. In order to detect such molecular disorder, hemoglobin samples of {beta}-thalassemia patients are collected, ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract P/2004 A1 (LONEOS) is one of the few active objects in the dynamical class of Centaurs. It has been recently injected into an inner orbit with a perihelion distance-q-= 5.5 au. The aim of this paper is to characterize the dust coma of this peculiar object, 2.5 yr after its first -new- perihelion passage inside the Solar system. Broad-band visible images taken at the TNG telescope in 2007 February were analysed in order to characterize the dust coma of the Centaur: it was still quite active at-rh-= 6.5 au post-perihelion, with a coma and a well-developed wide tail-like structure, with a measured-R-Af= 162 10-cm in an aperture radius = 104 km. The (V---R) colour and the reddening values depict a scenario of a slightly red dust coma. A dust mass-loss rate of--= 133 kg-s-1 is derived ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Permalloy (Ni{sub 80}Fe{sub 20})/Cu multilayered nanowires (NWs) were electrodeposited using a template directed method from sulfate baths via pulse potential technique. Microstructures and compositions of the nanowires were characterized using various microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. To synthesize compositionally uniform nanowires with high efficiency, new sulfate baths with a high content of Ni{sup 2+} were developed. The effects of deposition potential and concentration of metal ions were optimized to reduce composition inhomogeneity and incorporation of copper in the permalloy layers. Composition of the NiFe layers was found to be close to 20 at% Fe with a maximum of 5 at% Cu. TEM analysis indicated that individual nanowires exhibit distinct and coherent layering structure with rough and wavy interfaces. A synthesized single nanowire was also AC dielectrophoretically assembled across the microfabricated gold electrodes for subsequent ...

CERN Document Server

We study the quantum query complexity of minor-closed graph properties, which include such problems as determining whether a graph is planar, is a forest, or does not contain a path of a given length. We show that most minor-closed properties---those that cannot be characterized by a finite set of forbidden subgraphs---have quantum query complexity \\Theta(n^{3/2}). To establish this, we prove an adversary lower bound using a detailed analysis of the structure of minor-closed properties with respect to forbidden topological minors and forbidden subgraphs. On the other hand, we show that minor-closed properties (and more generally, sparse graph properties) that can be characterized by finitely many forbidden subgraphs can be solved strictly faster, in o(n^{3/2}) queries. Our algorithms are a novel application of the quantum walk search framework and give improved upper bounds for several subgraph-finding problems.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iron oxide thin films have been obtained by spray pyrolysis using 100% methanolic and ethanolic solutions of iron tri-chloride. The films were deposited onto ITO-coated glass substrates. The preparative conditions have been optimized to obtain compact, pin-hole-free and smooth thin films which are adherent to the substrate. The structural, morphological and compositional characterizations have been carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The films deposited using ethanolic solution results into pure hematite; #alpha#-Fe_2O_3 thin films, however, films deposited using methanolic solution consists of hematite and maghemite-c phases of iron oxide. The films are nanocrystalline with particle size of 30-40 nm. The optical absorbance of the film was of the order of 10"5 cm"-"1. The optical band gap of films was found to be 2.26 and 2.20 eV for the films deposited using methanolic and ...

Science.gov (United States)

The recent development of matrix-assisted UV laser desorption (LD) mass spectrometry has made possible the ionization and detection of extremely large molecules (with molecular weights exceeding 100,000 Daltons). This technique has generated enormous interest in the biological community for the direct examination of large peptides and oligonucleotides. Although this matrix-assisted ionization method has been developed and used almost exclusively with time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometers, research is currently in progress to demonstrate this technique with trapped ion mass spectrometers, such as Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTMS). The potential capabilities of FTMS for wide mass range, high resolution measurement, and ion trapping experiments suggest that this instrumental technique should be useful for the detailed structural characterization of large ions generated by the matrix-assisted technique. We have ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Ferroelectric thin films such as BST, PZT and PLZT are extensively being studied for the fabrication of DRAMS since they have high dielectric constant. The large and reversible remnant polarization of these materials makes it attractive for nonvolatile ferroelectric RAM application. In this paper we report the characterization of Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 (BST) thin films grown by pulsed laser ablation on oxide electrodes. The structural and electrical properties of the fabricated devices were studied. Growth of crystalline BST films was observed on La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (LSCO) thin film electrodes at relatively low substrate temperature compared to BST grown on PtSi substrates. Electrical characterization was carried out by fabricating PtSi/LSCO/BST/LSCO heterostructures. The leakage current of the heteros...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Two sup(99m)Tc complexes of (N-piperidinylethyl) hexamethyl diaminodithiol (NEP-DADT) have shown high brain uptake in rodents and lower primates. One of these sup(99m)Tc complexes has given positive images of the brain in man which are qualitatively related to regional brain blood flow (rCBF). In order to determine the structure of these sup(99m)Tc products, the corresponding /sup 99/Tc(NEP-DADT) complexes were prepared and characterized by HPLC, TLC, fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB MS) and other analytical techniques. These results indicate that the two /sup 99/Tc (NEP-DADT) complexes are syn and anti isomers (i.e. one isomer has the N-piperdinylethyl side chain located syn to the technetium oxo core while the other has this side chain located anti to the technetium oxo core).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A non-invasive, wide-band electromagnetic (EM) impedance difference system for shallow subsurface electrical structure characterization in environmental and engineering problems has been developed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). Electrical parameters of interest are electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity that are deduced from the impedance difference data. The prototype system includes a magnetic loop transmitter, which operates between 0.1 MHz and 100 MHz, an electrical dipole antenna for observing the electric field, and a loop antenna for measuring the magnetic field.All antennas are mounted on a cart made of non-metallic material for easy movement of the whole array for profiling. Surface EM impedance difference is obtained by taking the difference of the ratios of the electric fields to the magnetic fields at selected frequencies at two different levels. Numerical simulations will be presented to verify ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Microstructure and electrical properties of iron oxide Fe_2O_3 thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis method have been experimentally characterized. The effect of substrate temperature as well as deposition time on the structural features (crystallite size and microstrain) and electric resistivity of these films has been investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterized the structure study. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that with increasing substrate temperature bias the film structure changed from amorphous to crystalline at the same deposition time. At a substrate temperature of 350 deg. C and low deposition time, #alpha#-Fe_2O_3 appears almost in amorphous form. With rising the substrate temperature and deposition time, the crystallinity was improved. At T_s_u_b>350 deg. C, a well-crystallized rhombohedral phase of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Six uranyl coordination compounds, UO_2(OH)(PYCA) (1), UO_2(PYCA)_2(H_2O).2H_2O (2), UO_2(PIC)_2 (3), UO_2(H_2O)_2(NIC)_2 (4), UO_2(OH)(HINIC)(INIC) (5), and UO_2(PYTAC)_2(H_2O)_2 (6) were grown as single crystals via hydrothermal synthesis (PYCA - pyrazine-2-carboxylate, PIC - picolinate, NIC - nicotinate, INIC - iso-nicotinate, and PYTAC - 2-(pyridin-4-yl)thiazole-5-carboxylate) to study their optical properties. All six compounds have been identified via single crystal X-ray diffraction and fully characterized via powder X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Three of the complexes, 1, 3, and 6, represent new structures, and their synthesis and structural characterization is detailed within. The structures of 2, 4, and 5 have previously been reported in the literature. Coordination polymer 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The aim of this paper was to describe ability to intercalation of laboratory prepared carbon composites and their constituents. In work the following materials were tested; pinch-based fibres of P-120 and K-1100 manufacturer's designations, carbon matrix and resulting composites. To prepare a matrix of composites, phenol-formaldehyde resin (Z) and pinch-based precursor (PAK) were used. After initial carbonization, the carbon matrix was heated to 2150 "oC i to improve ability to the future intercalation. Three kinds of composites (P/Z, K/Z and K/PAK), with two directional reinforcement (2D), were prepared. All carbon samples were intercalated with copper chloride(II). To study the structure of all materials, before and after intercalation, X-ray diffraction method was used. It enabled to measure microstructure parameters (L_c and L_a), interplanar distance (d_0_0_2) thickness of an intercalation layer (d_i). Before intercalation, graphite fibers are ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eukaryotic genomes encode a zinc finger protein (ZPR1) with tandem ZPR1 domains. In response to growth stimuli, ZPR1 assembles into complexes with eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) and the survival motor neurons protein. To gain insight into the structural mechanisms underlying the essential function of ZPR1 in diverse organisms, we determined the crystal structure of a ZPR1 domain tandem and characterized the interaction with eEF1A. The ZPR1 domain consists of an elongation initiation factor 2-like zinc finger and a double-stranded {beta} helix with a helical hairpin insertion. ZPR1 binds preferentially to GDP-bound eEF1A but does not directly influence the kinetics of nucleotide exchange or GTP hydrolysis. However, ZPR1 efficiently displaces the exchange factor eEF1B from preformed nucleotide-free complexes, suggesting that it may function as a negative regulator of eEF1A activation. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Four trypsin inhibitor homologs, the first known from Dendroaspis angusticeps venom, were characterized using a combination of gel filtration, cation exchange, reverse-phase liquid chromatography, Edman degradation and mass spectrometry. The four toxins comprise two 57 residue and two 59 residue isoforms. The long toxins possess a Lys-Gln N-terminal extension lacked by the short toxins. The only other structural difference is an Arg/His replacement at position 55. The long Arg55 variant is identical to trypsin inhibitor E from the venom of Dendroaspis polylepis. The name epsilon-dendrotoxin is suggested so as to follow the nomenclature of Benishin, C.G., Sorensen, R.G., Brown, W.E., Krueger, B.K., Blaustein, M.P., 1988. Four polypeptide components of green mamba venom selectively block certain potassium channels in rat brain synaptosomes. Mol. Pharmacol. 34, 152-159. Among snake venom protease inhibitors, the epsilon-dendrotoxins are ...

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We compare experimental measurements of inhomogeneous plastic deformation in a Ni bicrystal with crystal-plasticity simulations. Polychromatic X-ray microdiffraction, orientation imaging microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, were used to characterize the geometrically necessary dislocation distribution of the bicrystal after uniaxial tensile deformation. Changes in the local crystallographic orientations within the sample reflect its plastic response during the tensile test. Elastic strain in both grains increases near the grain boundary. Finite element simulations were used to understand the influence of initial grain orientation and structural inhomogeneities on the geometrically-necessary dislocations arrangement and distribution and to understand the underlying materials physics.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Molar excess volumes, VE and molar excess enthalpies, HE of 1,3-dioxolane (D) (i) + propan-1-ol, 1,3-dioxolane (i) + butan-1-ol and 1,3-dioxolane (i) + butan-2-ol (j) binary mixtures have been measured as a function of composition at 308.15 K. The analysis of VE data by graph, theoretical approach reveals that while propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol exist as associated entities in the pure state; 1,3-dioxolane and butanol exist as monomers in their pure state. These (i+j) binary mixtures are characterized by interactions between ethereal oxygen atom of D(i) and hydrogen atom of alkanols. The IR studies lend additional support to the proposed structure of molecular entitles in these mixtures. The energetics of the mixtures have also been studied.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Nanomaterials are increasingly being used to modify adhesives used in aerospace and materials applications. Improvements in thermal and mechanical properties have been found by incorporation of small amounts of nanosize materials in to such adhesives. However, the introduction of nanomaterials to adhesives used in civil engineering applications is still a new approach which needs to be explored, especially in retrofitting of structures. This paper presents part of an ongoing research to address the effect of adding nanomaterials to modify a thermosetting adhesive used for bonding carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites to concrete members. Vapour grown carbon fiber (VGCF) was chosen to modify the adhesive. Different concentrations of carbon nanofibres PR-24 XT-LHT were adopted fo...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A novel difunctional acylhydrazone has been synthesized by the reaction of 5-methylisoxazole-4-carboyl hydrazine with benzaldehyde and characterized by X-ray crystallography and spectroscopy. The obtained results demonstrate the crystal belongs to triclinic, space group Formula Not Shown . Moreover, the spectroscopic properties were evaluated through density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD DFT) calculations. The results reveal that UV-Vis absorption peaks at 194, 217.5 and 290.5nm are mainly attributed to (p, p)p*, partly (p, p)p* and partly pp*, and predominantly pp*, respectively, with intraligand charge-transfer transition (ILCT) character. The fluorescence emission peak at 485.96nm should be assigned to ILCT. In addition, the results of antibact...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Antibacterial activity of Transition metals (Mn, Co) doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by a DC thermal plasma method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are investigated. The phase and morphology studies have been carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. All the samples of the present investigation are found to have hexagonal wurtzite structure and crystallite sizes are found to vary from 25nm to 30nm. Our bacteriological study showed the enhanced antibacterial activity of transition metals doped ZnO nanoparticles than undoped ZnO indicating the great potential of ZnO nanoparticles in relevant clinical and biomedical applications.

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A novel thin-film composite polyamide nanofiltration membrane was prepared through interfacial polymerization of polymeric polyamine polyvinylamine (PVAm) with isophthaloyl chloride (IPC) on a polysulfone supporting film. The composite membranes were prepared under different conditions and characterized in terms of chemical and morphological structures, surface zeta potential, pure water permeability, and rejection to different solutes including electrolytes and sucrose. The results showed that the membrane performance was significantly affected by the content of amine units of PVAm and the concentrations of PVAm and IPC. The increase of the content of amine units of PVAm and the concentration of IPC resulted in an augment in salt rejection and a decrease in permeability, while the increas...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In the present work, quaternary chitosans as water-soluble compounds were prepared based on three-step process. Schiff bases were firstly synthesized by the reaction between the amino groups of chitosan with aliphatic aldehydes followed by a reduction with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) to form N-(alkyl) chitosans. N,N,N-(dimethyl alkyl) chitosans were then obtained by a reaction of chitosan containing N-butyl, N-pentyl, N-hexyl, N-heptyl, and N-octyl substituents with methyl iodide. The compounds were characterized using IR and NMR spectroscopy. Subsequent experiments were conducted to test their antimicrobial activities against the most economic plant pathogenic bacteria of crown gall disease Agrobacterium tumefaciens, soft mold disease Erwinia carotovora, fungi of grey mold Botrytis cinerea...

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The physicochemical properties of binary lipid mixtures of diether C25,25 lipids and dipalmitoyl-L-a-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) were studied using photon correlation, fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. These two types of lipids can be mixed at all molar ratios to form unilamellar and multilamellar liposomes. Fluorescence anisotropy of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatrien in mixed liposomes indicates that the abrupt changes in order parameter in the hydrophobic part of bilayer membranes made of DPPC lipids disappears with increasing mol%C25,25 lipids. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy shows that at temperatures below 50^oC, the interfacial regions of membrane bilayer of mixed liposomes is more fluid than for pure DPPC lipo...

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Indium sulfide thin films consisting of porous network of nanoplatelets, have been deposited using chemical bath deposition (CBD) method onto the tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate. Aqueous solutions of indium sulfate and thioacetamide have been used as indium and sulfur precursors. As a complexing agent, acetic acid was used. The chemically deposited indium sulfide thin films were examined for their structural, surface morphological and optical characterizations. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of the cubic b-In2S3 onto the substrate. From scanning electron micrograph, it is observed that the surface of substrate is covered by nanoporous platelets type morphology. The optical studies showed a direct band gap of 2.84eV for indium sulfide platelets. Ph...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of radiosterilization of drugs aqueous solutions and to evaluate the effects of some additives, such as mannitol, nicotinamide and pyridoxine, which might protect the drug from degradation. Metoclopramide was selected as a model drug. The structures of the degradation products were determined to gain insight on the radiolysis mechanisms in aqueous solution in order to design strategies to lower the drug degradation.Metoclopramide hydrochloride aqueous solutions with and without excipients were irradiated either with gamma rays or high-energy electrons. HPLC-DAD was used to measure the loss of chemical potency and to quantify the degradation products which were also characterized by LC-APCI-MS-MS. Metoclopramide recovery for gamma and elec...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Microalloyed or high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels are carbon-manganese steels containing small amounts of Nb, V or Ti. The excellent mechanical properties of these alloys, particularly high yield strength, usually obviate the need for expensive quench and tempering operations. Furthermore, the presence of a significant amount of nitride-forming elements in some microalloyed steels has generated interest in the applicability of these alloys as a new generation of nitriding steels. In this paper, a study of the plasma nitriding behaviour of a commercially available microalloyed steel MAXIMA{sup TM} is reported. A comparison is made with a traditional quenched and tempered nitriding steel (En19), plasma nitrided under similar conditions. Optical and scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with microhardness measurements and X-ray diffraction were utilized to characterize the nitrided surfaces. The observed differences in the thickness and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is the gold standard for non-invasive assessment of myocardial viability and allows accurate detection of coronary artery disease by assessment of myocardial perfusion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high resolution anatomical images that allow accurate evaluation of ventricular structure and function together with detection of myocardial infarction. Potential hybrid PET/MR tomography may potentially facilitate the combination of information from these imaging modalities in cardiology. Furthermore, the combination of anatomical MRI images with the high sensitivity of PET for detecting molecular targets may extent the application of these modalities to the characterization of atherosclerotic plaques and to the evaluation of angiogenetic or stem cell therapies, for example. This article reviews studies using MRI and PET in parallel to compare their performance in cardiac applications together with the ...

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We describe the cloning and characterization of a mutated thermostable DNA polymerase from Thermus aquaticus (Taq) that exhibits an increased reverse transcriptase activity and is therefore designated for one-step PCR pathogen detection using established real-time detection methods. We demonstrate that this Taq polymerase mutant (Taq M1) has similar PCR sensitivity and nuclease activity as the respective Taq wild-type DNA polymerase. In addition, and in marked contrast to the wild-type, Taq M1 exhibits a significantly increased reverse transcriptase activity especially at high temperatures (>60degreeC). RNA generally hosts highly stable secondary structure motifs, such as hairpins and G-quadruplexes, which complicate, or in the worst case obviate, reverse transcription (RT). Thus, RT at hi...

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New phosphates with NaZr{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} structure of the B{sub 0.5}FeTa(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}-type (where B-Ca, Sr, Ba) are synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis and IR-spectroscopy. The heating behavior of the phosphates is studied using high-temperature X-ray crystallography in the range 15-625 deg. C. The unit-cell parameters, the coefficients of thermal expansion {alpha}{sub a}, {alpha}{sub c} and their thermal expansion anisotropy |{alpha}{sub c} - {alpha}{sub a}| of the phosphates under study are determined and the dependences of these characteristics on the nature of cations are established and analyzed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract In this paper we propose a smooth transition tree model for both the conditional mean and variance of the short-term interest rate process. The estimation of such models is addressed and the asymptotic properties of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator are derived. Model specification is also discussed. When the model is applied to the US short-term interest rate we find: (1) leading indicators for inflation and real activity are the most relevant predictors in characterizing the multiple regimes' structure; (2) the optimal model has three limiting regimes. Moreover, we provide empirical evidence of the power of the model in forecasting the first two conditional moments when it is used in connection with bootstrap aggregation (bagging). Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Zirconia has demonstrated a very moderate toughening effect in nitrogen-based ceramic composites because the reaction between tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO_2) and nitrogen results in additional zirconia stabilization to a nontransformable t' or cubic structure. In O'-SiAlON matrices, the oxygen concentration increases and the oxygen-rich intergranular glassy phase prevents zirconia from nitridation. As a result, tetragonal ZrO_2 is maintained and is transformable in the O'-SiAlON materials. The present study has provided transmission electron microscopy (TEM) evidence of the zirconia transformation and the associated toughening effect in a ZrO_2/O'-SiAlON composite. The implications and limitations of the transformation on toughening of the material are discussed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Laser welding of AISI 904 L super austenitic stainless steel using a diffusion cooled slab 3.5kW CO2 laser and employing two different shielding gases, namely argon and helium, was carried out. The laser weld bead profile depends on various parameters such as beam power (BP), travel speed (TS) and focal position (FP) of the laser spot. These parameters have to be selected suitably to obtain the desirable output. The cross sectioned area of the bead profiles measured using an optical microscope to determine the bead width and depth of penetration. X-ray diffraction used for phase identification confirmed that the weld structure was fully austenitic and dendritic. Hardness was observed to increase in the weld bead with respect to the parent metal and it was related to the microstructural ref...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Propanolol is a betablocker drug used in the treatment of arterial hypertension related diseases. In order to achieve an optimal performance of this drug it is important to consider the possible interactions of propanolol with plasma proteins. In this work, we have used several experimental techniques to characterise the effect of addition of the betablocker propanolol on the properties of bovine plasma fibrinogen (FB). Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), circular dichroism (CD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), surface tension techniques and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements have been combined to carry out a detailed physicochemical and surface characterization of the mixed system. As a result, DSC measurements show that propranolol can play two opposite roles, either acting ...

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The purpose of this project is to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in- place, methods for improved completion efficiency and the suitability of waterflooding in certain shallow-shelf carbonate reservoirs in the Williston Basin, Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3D) and multi-component seismic are being investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. Field demonstrations are in progress to collect data for evaluation of horizontal completions in both the Red River and Ratcliffe. A vertical well in the Red River will test attribute analysis of 3D seismic data for prediction of porosity development. Additional seismic acquisitions and interpretation are in progress for both the Ratcliffe and Red River. A water-injectivity test in a new horizontal completion in the Red Rive B zone ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

GaInP solar cell interfaces were characterized by admittance spectroscopy. Admittance spectroscopy is shown to be sensitive to the band structure at the heterojunction interfaces. In particular, a correlation between activation energy of the capacitance step in a capacitance versus temperature plot and effective potential barrier for majority carriers is demonstrated, indicating a new method for the determination of potential barriers at heterointerfaces. Using this technique, the effective potential barrier for holes at the p-Al_0_._5_3In_0_._4_7P/p-GaAs interface is found to be equal to 0.6 eV. Effects of interface defects and spreading resistance in the emitter of solar cells are illustrated and discussed.

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The proposed active sites on the catalyst surface in heterogeneous propylene ammoxidation have been successfully modelled by structurally characterized pinacolato W(VI) tert-butylimido complexes. These compounds exist as an equilibrating mixture of amine-bis(imido) and imido-bis(amido) complexes, the position of this equilibrium is dependent on the electronic nature of the glycolate ligand. Both of the C-N bond-forming reactions proposed in recent studies by Grasselli et al. (1) have been reproduced using discrete Group VI d{sup 0} organoimido complexes under mild conditions suitable for detailed mechanistic studies. These reactions are: (1) oxidative trapping of radicals at molybdenum imido sites, and (2) migration of the allyl group from oxygen to an imido nitrogen atom.

CERN Document Server

The possible physical linkage between galactic cosmic rays intensity and the Earth's cloud cover is discussed using the analysis of the first indirect aerosol effect (Twomey effect) and its experimental representation as the dependence of average cloud droplet effective radius on aerosol index characterizing the aerosol concentration in the atmospheric air column of unit section. It is shown that the basic kinetic equation of the Earth's climate energy-balance model is described by the bifurcation equation (with respect to the temperature of the Earth's surface) in the form of fold catastrophe with two governing parameters defining the variations of insolation and Earth's magnetic field (or galactic cosmic rays intensity in the atmosphere), respectively. The principle of hierarchical climatic models construction, which consists in the structural invariance of balance equations of these models evolving on the different time scales, is described. ...

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Nanosized CaSnO{sub 3} is synthesized by a hydrothermal process and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM observation shows the sample has a porous flowerlike morphology. The electrochemical results exhibit that the stable and reversible capacity of 547 mAh g{sup -1} is obtained after 50 cycles at 60 mA g{sup -1} (0.1 C) and the corresponding charge capacity is determined to be 316 mAh g{sup -1} at the current density of 2.5 C. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data are analyzed to complement the galvanostatic results. The observed excellent performance is attributed to the porous structure and large surface area of flowerlike CaSnO{sub 3}.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this project, nanocrystalline SnO2 powders were successfully prepared by (a) citrate sol-gel and (b) direct precipitation methods. Powders were characterized using thermal analysis techniques (DTA-TG-DSC), X-ray powder Diffraction (XRD), surface area (BET) and electrical conductivity measurements. XRD patterns showed the presence of the cassiterite structure. SnO2 particles, prepared through sol-gel method exhibit crystallite sizes in the range from 3.1 to 22.3 nm when the gel is heat treated at different temperatures up to 900?C. SnO2 nanocrystallites prepared by the precipitation method are comparatively larger in size. The higher specific surface area was obtained for the powder prepared using sol-gel method and the obtained average grain size (d) is relatively large compared with th...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Emeraldine base (EB) polymer?ZnO nanoparticles composite films has been synthesized by solution casting technique on ITO-coated glass substrate and characterized by XRD, FTIR and TEM for their structure and morphology. Dielectric behaviour of these composite films has been investigated in the very low frequency region to medium frequency region (1?kHz?1?MHz). The dielectric constant of the composite with 30% nanoparticles is almost one-tenth of the pure EB. The dielectric value becomes constant in the frequency region greater than 400?kHz. The change in dielectric behaviour of the composite is explained on the basis of multilayered interface formed between the ZnO nanoparticles and emeraldine chains. Nanoparticles have high energy surface which is responsible for the decrease of free volum...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A fully lamellar ferrite/cementite nanostructure was designed in a low C steel by using a specific thermal treatment. The strengthening of such microstructure has been investigated as a function of prestrain by rolling up to a deformation of 300%. As in usual pearlitic structure, its work-hardening shows no saturation and its elongation to fracture remains rather constant instead of decreasing drastically as conventional steels. The hardening by a similitude effect is thus not the privilege of pearlitic steels. Nevertheless, its lower initial work-hardening rate at low strain compared to an equivalent pearlitic steel and a lower hardening potential at high strain let us suspect major differences in the nature and the behaviour of ferrite channels in relation to the morphogenesis of the mic...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Concentration profiles of passive films formed on electrolytically anodized niobium and niobium-base alloys are obtained by Auger Electron Spectroscopy with simultaneous ion beam etching. The alloys investigated include 5Zr-Nb, 3Zr-10Ti-Nb, 2.5Zr-2W-Nb, and 1Zr-5Mo-5V-Nb. Experiments demonstrate that AES is among the most fascinating techniques for solving various characterization problems related to the structure and composition of the thin films formed by anodization. Data presented supports evidence that combined anodic and cathodic movements take place during film growth. 11 figures.

CERN Document Server

We consider the simplest scenario when black strings (cigars) penetrate the cosmological brane. As a result, the brane has a Swiss-cheese structure, with Schwarzschild black holes immersed in a Friedmann-Lema\\^{\\i}tre-Robertson-Walker brane. There is no dark radiation in the model, the cosmological regions of the brane are characterized by a cosmological constant $\\Lambda$ and flat spatial sections. Regardless of the value of $\\Lambda$, these brane-world universes forever expand and forever decelerate. The totality of source terms in the modified Einstein equation sum up to a dust, establishing a formal equivalence with the general relativistic Einstein-Straus model. However in this brane-world scenario with black strings the evolution of the cosmological fluid strongly depends on $\\Lambda$. For $\\Lambda$ less or equal to zero it has positive energy density $\\rho$ and negative pressure $p$ and at late times it behaves as in the ...

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In the present study the optical properties of co-evaporated indium sulfide thin films are investigated. Before being optically characterized, the composition as well as the crystalline properties of the film have been checked with the help of energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. The optical absorption coefficient ? of this indium sulfide film has been deduced from reflectivity R(?) and transmission T(?) measurements. The fit of the curve representing ?(h?) suggests that the ?-In2S3 has an indirect bandgap of 2.01?eV. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed on this indium sulfide compound, using TB-LMTO code. Through these band structure investigations, an indirect bandgap is predicted as observed experimentally. The top of the valen...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Car weight corresponds directly to fuel consumption and driving performance. So in order to improve the fuel efficiency and performance of a car the weight has to be reduced. Magnesium as a light metal offers a wide range of weight saving opportunities, especially Magnesium wrought alloys with their improved mechanical properties have a high potential for structural applications. Mechanical properties in terms of their quality and anisotropy are dependent on the microstructure of the material and can be characterized by their degree of inhomogeneity, their grain size distribution and their crystallographic texture. Therefore the orientation distribution of grains, the grain size, its size distribution, the chemical composition (precipitates) itself influence the mechanical parameters and their anisotropy. In this presentation first results of mechanical anisotropy are given: differences in yield stress, r-values and their relation to the ...

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Amphiphysin is a protein concentrated in neuronal synapses and peripherally associated with neurotransmitter vesicles. It is expressed in many neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems, in the adrenal medulla, in the anterior and posterior pituitary, in cell lines of the endocrine pancreas, and in spermatocytes. Its subcellular localization and tissue distribution indicate a potential involvement in mechanisms of regulated exocytosis. A role in the dynamic organization of the membrane-associated cytoskeleton is suggested by structural homology to the products of two yeast genes, RVS161 and RVS167, whose mutation results in an abnormal actin distribution, disturbs budding morphology, and impairs cell entry into stationary phase. Limited stretches of sequence similarity, including an SH3 domain, are also shared with other actin-binding proteins. Amphiphysin is the dominant autoantigen in paraneoplastic Stiff-Man syndrome, a neurological autoimmune ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A novel liquid phase alkylation of aniline with methanol over Zn/Cu salts modified kaolin assisted with a pair of porous carbon electrode in slurry-bed reactor under constant current intensity, room temperature and atmospheric pressure was reported. The Zn/Cu salts modified kaolin catalysts were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectrometer (IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which showed that the transition metals were completely supported on kaolins structure and formed a pored one. The effect parameters, such as initial pH, electrolysis time, metal ratio with kaolin and salts composition in this electrochemical catalytic system, were studied. The procedure was inspected by ultraviolet-visible spectrum (UV-vis), and the product distributi...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The electronic structures of URh_3, UPd_3, UPt_3 and UAu_3 are calculated with the self-interaction-corrected local-spin-density approximation. We find that only in URh_3 the f-electrons are fully delocalized. UPt_3 has one f-electron localized at each U site, whilst a localized f"2 configuration of the U-ion is found for UPd_3. It is predicted that upon application of pressure, UPd_3 will acquire the f"1 configuration and possibly exhibit heavy-fermion behaviour. We find that UAu_3 is characterized by the same mixed localized-delocalized f-electron manifold as UPd_3. (author)

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Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english Frontal weapon is the term used to designate the apparatus consisting of frontal gland and associated structures that participate in the chemical defense of termite soldiers. The ultra structure of the frontal gland and the scanning microscopy of the soldier head was investigated in the termite Amiitermes euamignathus Silvestri, 1901.Campaniform sensilla was not observed but there were 80 to100 sensory bristles around the frontal pore. The glandular epithelium shows only (more) class 1 cells according 10 the classification of NOIROT & QUENNEDEY (1974, 1991). The glandular cells are characterized by apical microvilli, a basal labyrinth and a large quantity of smooth endoplasmic reticulum which forms dense zones throughout the cytoplasm. The secretion is concentrated mainly in the basal pole of the cell and consists of large lipid droplets. The secretory epithelium is covered by a thick apical cuticle ...

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Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on various metal, semiconductor or insulator substrates can be easily modified with specific functional groups of interest and have promising applications in surface wetting (hydrophobic/hydrophilic modification), tribology, corrosion protection, sensor electrodes modification, molecular and biomolecular recognition, protein adsorption, cell adhesion, and molecular- or organic-electronic device fabrications. In this paper, we highlight recent progress in the development of SAMs on solid substrates as well as their practical applications, with particular emphasis on the characterization of self-assembled aromatic thiol monolayers with different functional groups on Au(1 1 1) using synchrotron-based photoemission spectroscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements. The SAM-related molecular orientation, electronic structures, and chemical bonding are presented. Using ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Potassium dichlorido(l-prolinato)platinate(II), K[PtCl"2(l-pro"?"H)] (1), and chlorido(dimethyl sulfoxide)(l-prolinato)platinum(II), [PtCl(l-pro"?"H)(dmso)] (2), were synthesized by ligand substitution reactions. Both complexes were characterized by ^1H, ^1^3C, and ^1^9^5Pt NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and HR-ESI-MS. The molecular structures of 1 and 2 were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, proving bidentate coordinated l-prolinato ligand and SP-4-4 configuration of 2a. With the help of DFT calculations stability of possible isomers of 1 and 2 was studied. A considerable difference in the in vitro cytotoxicity of 1 versus 2a (exchange of one chlorido ligand by dmso) against four human cancer cell lines was found.

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Here in the present paper, we report on growth of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric nanostructured heterojunction solar cell of CdS/CuInSXSe2-X varying X from 0 to 2 in the interval of 0.5 using cost effective, simple, chemical ion exchange method at room temperature on ITO glass substrate. The as-grown varying composition solar cells annealed at 200degreeC in air and characterized for structural, compositional, optical and illumination studies. The X-ray diffraction pattern obtained from CdS/CuInSXSe2-X solar cell confirms the formation of CuInSe2, CuInS0.5Se1.5, CuInS1Se1, CuInS1.5Se0.5 and CuInS2 phases having tetragonal structure with varying crystallite size from 19, 19.37, 28, 33 and 20nm respectively. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) confirms the expected elemental com...

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There has been considerable interest in producing and studying nanoparticle materials because of the effect of size on their structure, physical and chemical structure. Most studied nanoparticle semiconductors belong to the II-VI group, as they are relatively easy to synthesize and are generally prepared as particulates or in thin film form. Among II-VI compounds, CdS is one of the most studied materials. There are different ways to synthesize CdS nanoparticles such as colloidal particles, chemical decomposition, sol-gel, gas evaporation, magnetron sputtering, electrostatic deposition, and etc. {gamma}-irradiation is one of the effective methods for synthesis of nanomaterials. These nonomaterials have been extensively used in the preparation of nanocrystalline metals, metal oxides, and metal-polymer composites. However, The preparation of CdS nanoparticle and CdS/ polyacrylonitrile nanocomposite by {gamma}-irradiation method at room temperature ...

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New palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of saccharinate (sac), trans-[Pd(py)"2(sac)"2] (1), cis-[Pt(py)"2(sac)"2] (2), trans-[Pd(3-acpy)"2(sac)"2] (3) and cis-[Pt(3-acpy)"2(sac)"2] (4) (py=pyridine and 3-acpy=3-acetylpyridine) have been synthesized. Elemental analysis, UV-Vis, IR, NMR and TG/DTA characterizations have been carried out. The structures of 1-4 were determined by X-ray diffraction. The palladium(II) and platinum(II) ions are coordinated by two N-bonded sac ligands, and two nitrogen atoms of py or 3-acpy, forming a distorted square-planar geometry. The palladium(II) complexes (1 and 3) are trans isomers, while the platinum(II) complexes (2 and 4) are cis isomers. The mononuclear species in the solid state are connected by weak intermolecular C-H...O hydrogen bonds, C-H...@...

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One of the most challenging topics in the area of organic electronic devices is the growth of transparent electrodes onto flexible polymeric substrates that will be characterized by enhanced conductivity in combination with high optical transparency. An essential aspect for these materials is their synthesis and/or microstructure which define the transparency, the stability and the interfacial chemistry which in turn determine the performance and stability of the organic electronic devices, such as organic light emitting diodes, organic photovoltaics, etc. In this work, we will discuss the latest advances in the growth of organic (e.g. PEDOT:PSS) and inorganic (e.g. zinc oxide-ZnO, indium tin oxide-ITO) conductive materials and their deposition onto flexible polymeric substrates. We will compare the optical, structural, nano-mechanical and nano-topographical properties of the inorganic and organic materials and we investigate the effect of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This is the final report of a three-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Nature uses chlorophyll and other porphyrinic pigments to capture and transfer light energy as a preliminary step in photosynthesis. The design of synthetic assemblies of light harvesting and energy directing pigments has been explored through synthesis and characterization of porphyrin oligomers. In this project, pigment electronic and vibrational structures have been explored by electrochemistry and dynamic and static optical measurements. Transient absorption data reveal energy transfer between pigments with lifetimes on the order of 20--200 picoseconds, while Raman data reveal that the basic porphyrin core structure is unperturbed relative to the individual monomer units. These two findings, along with an extensive series of experiments on the oxidized oligomers, reveal that ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The dodecanuclear rhenium anionic complex with terminal hydroxo ligands [Re12CS17(OH)6]6? was obtained by the reaction of K6[Re12CS17(CN)6]?20H2O with molten KOH at 300 ?C. The cluster complex was crystallized as a potassium salt from aqueous solution. The reaction between K6[Re12CS17(OH)6]?4H2O and Na2S2O4 in water under reflux results in the formation of the complex Na12[Re12CS17(SO3)6]?48.5H2O. Both new compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analyses and IR spectroscopy. The electronic structure of [Re12CS17(OH)6]6? was also elucidated by DFT calculation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The procedure and operation-by-operation methods of the quality control of structural and fuel materials, mixed fuel pellets of UO_2-PuO_2, fuel element cans made of the AISI-316 steel and ready fuel elements are described as well as spacer wires (steel AISI-316), cases of fuel assemblies (FA) and completed FAs. The methods are used in manifacturing fuel elements and FAs for the FFTF reactor. The RDT standards that regulate the structure and functioning of the system of fuel element and FA production management are outlined. Destructive analytical methods characterized by sufficient accuracy but low productivity are noted to represent a considerable share of operations. Some specialized means of nondestructive testing are developed, such as the gauge to measure the total plutonium content in a fuel element, neutron radiography deVice and a laser gauge to measure the FA dimensions. The experience gained served as a basis for ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neutron semiconductor detectors for neutron counting and neutron radiography have an increasing importance. Simple silicon neutron detectors are combination of a planar diode with a layer of an appropriate neutron converter such as 6LiF. These devices have limited detection efficiency of not more than 5%. The detection efficiency can be increased by creating a 3D microstructure of dips, trenches or pores in the detector and filling it with a neutron converter. The first results related to the development of such devices are presented. Silicon detectors were fabricated with pyramidal dips on the surface covered with 6LiF and then irradiated by thermal neutrons. Pulse height spectra of the energy deposited in the sensitive volume were compared with simulations. The detection efficiency of these devices was about 6.3%. Samples with different column sizes were fabricated to study the electrical properties of 3D structures. Charge collection efficiencies in silicon ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Novel CdS hollow microspheres have been successfully synthesized via a facile template-free solution-phase reaction from cadmium nitrate and thioacetamide precursors. The morphology of CdS hollow microspheres depends strongly on the ratio between the precursors, cadmium nitrate to thioacetamide ratio. The physical properties of the hollow microspheres have systematically been studied by different characterization methods. The stoichiometry of the hollow microspheres studied by the energy dispersive X-ray diffraction spectroscopy confirmed that the synthesized CdS hollow microspheres are nearly stoichiometric bulk like CdS. The morphology of the hollow microspheres studied by high resolution scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations showed that the CdS hollow microspheres of the size of 2.5 ?m have hollow structure and are constructed by several nanoparticles of the size between 30 and 40 nm. The UV-visible ...

Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this project was to demonstrate targeted infill and extension drilling opportunities, better determinations of oil-in-place, and methods for improved completion efficiency. The investigations and demonstrations were focussed on Red River and Ratcliffe reservoirs in the Williston Basin within portions of Montana, North Dakota and South Dakota. Both of these formations have been successfully explored with conventional 2-dimensional (2D) seismic. Improved reservoir characterization utilizing 3-dimensional (3D) seismic was investigated for identification of structural and stratigraphic reservoir compartments. These seismic characterizations were integrated with geological and engineering studies. The project tested lateral completion techniques, including high-pressure jetting lance technology and short-radius lateral drilling to enhance completion efficiency. Lateral completions should improve economics for both ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pulsatile hormone secretion is observed in almost every hormonal system. The frequency of episodic hormone release ranges from approximately 10 to 100 pulses in 24 hours. This temporal mode of secretion is an important feature of intercellular information transfer in addition to a dose-response dependent regulation. It has been demonstrated in a number of experiments that changes in the temporal pattern of pulsatile hormone secretion specifically regulate cellular and organ function and structure. Recent evidence links osteoporosis, a disease characterized by loss of bone mass and structure, to changes in the dynamics of pulsatile parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. In our study we applied nonlinear and linear time series prediction to characterize the secretory dynamics of PTH in both healthy human subjects and patients with osteoporosis. Osteoporotic patients appear to lack periods of high ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The physical structure of a limestone or dolomite to be used in in-bed sulfur capture in fluidized bed boilers has great impact on the efficiency of sulfur capture and sorbent use. Therefore in process optimization and model calculations parameters describing the pore structure of these sorbents must be included. In this study an unreacted shrinking core model with variable effective diffusivity is applied to sulfation test data from a pressurized thermogravimetric apparatus (P-TGA) for various limestone and dolomite samples. The particle size was 250--300 {micro}m for all sorbents. The tests were done under typical conditions for a pressurized fluidized bed combustor, i.e. 850 C or 950 C, 15 bar, and were reported earlier at the 12th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. At these conditions the limestone remains uncalcined, while the dolomite is half-calcined. The sorbents were characterized by chemical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Because every cell within the body has the same genetic information, a significant problem in biology is to understand how cells within a tissue express genes selectively. A sophisticated network of physical and biochemical signals converge in a highly orchestrated manner to bring about the exquisite regulation that governs gene expression in diverse tissues. Thus, the ultimate decision of a cell to proliferate, express tissue-specific genes, or apoptose must be a coordinated response to its adhesive, growth factor, and hormonal milieu. The unifying hypothesis examined in this overview is that the unit of function in higher organisms is neither the genome nor the cell alone but the complex, three-dimensional tissue. This is because there are bidirectional connections between the components of the cellular microenvironment (growth factors, hormones, and extracellular matrix) and the nucl2048 These connections are made via membrane-bound receptors and transmitted to the nucleus, where ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this review, we demonstrate the developmental appearance, structural features, and reorganization of transient cerebral zones and structures in the human fetal brain using a correlative histological and MRI analysis. The analysis of postmortem aldehyde-fixed specimens (age range: 10 postovulatory weeks to term) revealed that, at 10 postovulatory weeks, the cerebral wall already has a trilaminar appearance and consists of: (1) a ventricular zone of high cell-packing density; (2) an intermediate zone; (3) the cortical plate (in a stage of primary consolidation) with high MRI signal intensity. The anlage of the hippocampus is present as a prominent bulging in the thin limbic telencephalon. The early fetal telencephalon impar also contains the first commissural fibers and fornix bundles in the septal area. The ganglionic eminence is clearly visible as an expanded continuation of the proliferative ventricular zone. The basal ganglia showed an ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

New platinum(II) complexes with asymmetrically substituted chiral diamine ligands A{sub 2}PtX{sub 2}, (A{sub 2}=NH{sub 2}CH(CH{sub 3})CH{sub 2}NH(c-C{sub 5}H{sub 9}) (apcpa), NH{sub 2}CH(CH{sub 3})CH{sub 2}NH(c-C{sub 6}H{sub 11}) (apcha); X{sub 2}=2Cl, isopropylidenmalonate (IPM), 1,1'-cyclobutandicarboxylate (CBDCA) have been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analyses, infrared and NMR spectroscopies, and X-ray crystallography. The crystal structures of (S-apcha)Pt[CBDCA]{center_dot}3H{sub 2}O (orthorhombic, P2{sub 1}2{sub 1}2(No. 18), a=6.926(3), b=15.243(3), c=19.319(4) A, V=2039.5(10) A{sup 3}, Z=4, R=0.072) and (S-apcha)Pt[IPM]{center_dot}2.5H{sub 2}O (monoclinic, P2/c(No. 13), a=9.882(1), b=18.502(1), c=22.056(1) A, V=4032.8(5) A{sup 3}, Z=8, R=0.093) exhibit that the platinum atoms achieve a typical square planar arrangement with two nitrogen atoms in cis position and with the chiral center retained. The ...

Science.gov (United States)

Structural complexities reduce the homogeneity necessary for a site characterization model to an unacceptable level for performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal sites. The proposed site lies between the northern, stable Diablo platform and the southern, mobile Mesozoic Chihuahua tectonic belt. Structural movement along this interface has been active for the past 14,000 years. In addition, the area lies along the northern margin of the Permian Marfa basin and the northeastern margin of the deeply faulted Hueco bolson segment of the late Cenozoic Rio Grande rift system. Recent seismic activity with extensive surface rupture in Quitman Canyon (30 mi southeast of the site) is also documented from the 1931 Valentine, Texas, earthquake (6.4 Richter scale). The site is underlain by either a thrust fault or the complex terminus of a Mesozoic thrust fault. This fault is a segment of the continuous thrust sheet extending ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A method for detecting electrons emitted as secondary particles by photon incidence to a specimen, as well as a method of using the photons emitted by electron incidence as detecting particles are explained. Pd-Si(100)2{times}1 system is adopted for a case study of using photo-electron spectroscopy where synchrotron emitted light in soft X-ray region is used as the incident light. Pd atoms are deposited little by little on clean Si surface to investigate the electron structure of the surface, and the interface electron structure after bonded formation of Pd(thin film)-Si(substrate) is estimated. Radiation soft X-ray spectroscopy is employed to observe the real state of the bonded interface of Pd(thin film)-Si(substrate) prepared by depositing Pd film in a short period of time. In the case of radiation soft X-ray spectroscopy with electron beam excitation, bonded system of thin film and substrate can be investigated by nondestructive analysis ...

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Ordos basin lies in the north-central China, in a compression tectonic regime, with an area of approximately 250,000 km{sup 2}, including several pay zones ranging from Cambrian to Jurassic. It is one of the earliest-formed marine to continental-superimposed basin in China, characterized by Proterozoic basin-marginal rifling and Lower-Paleozoic carbonate platform development followed by western thrusting and foreland depression during Mesozoic. It underwent several tectonic movements and is covered by several structural layers, with many play types developed, primarily thrust and anticlinal plays in the west, and differential compaction (river-channel sand lens) or drape as well as buried hill plays in the basin center and east. Ordos basin is a prolific gas basin with an estimated resource potential of gas 656,091 billion m{sup 3} in the Paleozoic strata and oil 2.0474 billion tons in the Mesozoic strata. In 1986, in the western part of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Jurua gas field is the first important hydrocarbon accumulation found in the jungle-covered Solimoes basin. The tectonic framework in this area is characterized by a right-lateral transpressional zone (Jurua structural trend). Hydrocarbon traps are anticlines developed along the upthrown block of a reverse fault. The prospective 2,200-m-thick Paleozoic section is unconformably covered by a 2,800-m-thick pile of Mesozoic and Cenozoic continental sediments. Anomalous concentrations of hydrocarbons (C{sub 2}-C{sub 4}) in soil samples are concordantly aligned with the trace of the reverse fault crossing the gas field, indicating that this feature acted as a conduit for hydrocarbon microseepage. Gas-producing wells are located over a tabular watershed which coincides with the northeast-southwest Jurua structural trend. An unsupervised classification of Landsat MSS data over the gas field area reveals that one spectral class ...

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The large aggregating proteoglycan aggrecan is a major structural component of the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage. Recent cDNA cloning of the human aggrecan gene (AGC1) reveals a core protein of at least 2316 amino acids characterized by several distinct structural domains. Two globular domains, termed G1 and G2, are present at the amino terminus of the molecule and a third, termed G3, is present at the carboxy terminus. The G1 domain is homologous in structure to the cartilage link protein and accounts for the aggregating potential of aggrecan through its ability to interact with hyaluronic acid. The aggrecan gene is known to consist of 15 exons, with each exon encoding a distinct functional region of the mature protein. However, while the link protein gene is known to reside on chromosome 5 in the human, the location of the aggrecan gene is currently undetermined in any species. The probe ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Evidence for the presence of undecaprenol in the unsaponifiable lipid of Lactobacillus plantarum (N.C.I.B. 6376) is presented. Characterization of the compound was based mainly on...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Recent molecular characterizations of Cryptosporidium parasites make it possible to differentiate the human-pathogenic Cryptosporidium parasites from those that do...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This paper describes attempts to isolate and characterize glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-binding molecules on the surface of lymphocytes and lymphoma cell lines and relate their expression to splenic and lymph...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Austenitic stainless steels have been implanted with molybdenum ions (Mo[sup +], 100 keV, 2.5 x 10[sup 16] atoms cm[sup -2]). The implanted material has been characterized by XPS and RBS. The implanted region has a thickness of [approx] 1000 A with a maximum molybdenum concentration of [approx] 9 at.% Mo located at [approx] 210 A from the surface. The effects of implanted molybdenum on the passivation of the alloy in 0.5 M H[sub 2]SO[sub 4] have been investigated by electrochemistry and XPS. After XPS analysis the samples were transferred without exposure to air into a glove-box with an inert atmosphere. The electrochemical behaviour of the alloy is significantly modified by the implanted molybdenum. The major effect is that the activation peak disappears. A bilayer structure (outer hydroxide/inner oxide) of the passive film is observed for both the implanted and non-implanted alloys and the thicknesses of the films are similar. On the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A one-nanometer scale transmission electron microscope electron probe X-ray microanalysis characterization of as-deposited and annealed aluminum--11.5 at.% zirconium multilayer samples in cross-section synthesized by magnetron sputtering is reported on here. Composition line profiles were acquired across Zr layers in as-deposited material and samples isochronally annealed in a differential scanning calorimeter to temperatures of 290 C and 485 C. A spatial resolution of approximately 1.5 to 2.0 nm was achieved in these experiments and will be improved by deconvolution of the instrumental electron probe function from the data. The as-deposited structure consisted of crystalline Al and Zr layers with thin amorphous layers at the Al/Zr interfaces. The amorphous interface layers increased in thickness upon annealing to 290 C. Additionally, at 290 C a metastable cubic alloy forms at the Zr deposited on Al interface. Upon heating to 485 C a multilayer ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Molar excess volumes, V{sup E} and molar excess enthalpies, H{sup E} of 1,3-dioxolane (D) (i) + propan-1-ol, 1,3-dioxolane (i) + butan-1-ol and 1,3-dioxolane (i) + butan-2-ol (j) binary mixtures have been measured as a function of composition at 308.15 K. The analysis of V{sup E} data by graph, theoretical approach reveals that while propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol exist as associated entities in the pure state; 1,3-dioxolane and butanol exist as monomers in their pure state. These (i+j) binary mixtures are characterized by interactions between ethereal oxygen atom of D(i) and hydrogen atom of alkanols. The IR studies lend additional support to the proposed structure of molecular entitles in these mixtures. The energetics of the mixtures have also been studied.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

LiNiO{sub 2} is one of the most promising material for positive electrodes of lithium-ion batteries. However, its behaviour during cycling and the existence of several phase transitions induced by the lithium ions de-intercalation process has not been explained so far. A transition electron microscopy study of various Li{sub x}NiO{sub 2} (0.25structures which could be attributed to an organization of lithium ions and gaps during electrochemical charging. This study is in agreement with the potential levels of the electrochemical cycle and with the polarization phenomena during cycling. Abstract only. (J.S.)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Reaction between [V^I^VO(acac)2] and the ONN donor Schiff base Hpydx-aepy (I) (Hpydx-aepy=Schiff base obtained by the condensation of pyridoxal and 2-aminoethylpyridine) resulted in the formation of a complex [V^I^VO(acac)(pydx-aepy)] (1). Addition of aqueous 30% H2O2 to 1 yields the poor stable oxidoperoxidovanadium(V) complex [V^VO(O2)(pydx-aepy)] (2). Its formation has also been demonstrated in solution by treating 1 with H2O2 in methanol. Reaction of vanadium exchanged zeolite-Y with I in methanol followed by aerial oxidation gave zeolite-Y encapsulated dioxidovanadium(V) complex, abbreviated as [V^VO2(pydx-aepy)]-Y (4). The crystal and molecular structure of 1 has been determined, confirming the ONN binding mode of the ligand. The encapsulated complex [V^VO2(pydx-aepy)]-Y (4) catalyse...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ultrafine particles of Sn-Sb alloys with different chemical composition have been prepared by hydrogen plasma-metal reaction. Structure, morphology, size and chemical composition of the Sn-Sb ultrafine particles were investigated by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, BET gas adsorption, and induction-coupled plasma spectroscopy. It was found that all the particles have spherical shapes, with average particle size in the range of 100-300 nm. The electrochemistry properties as an alternative anode material for lithium-ion batteries have been characterized by constant current cycling and cyclic voltammetry. Electrochemical measurements showed that the alloys with Sn-46.5 at.% Sb have best reversible capacity and capacity retention. It exhibited a high reversible lithium-ion storage capacity of 701 mAh g"-"1 in the initial cycle, which has remained at 81% (i.e., 566 mAh g"-"1) of its original capacity after 20 cycles.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to materialize the automobile use small direct injection diesel engine (DI), the reduction in both exhaust emission and noise, as studied, was explained in summary. The DI, as excellent in fuel consumption characteristics, was studied to be adopted to the small automobile, with the materialization of small DI to be about 600cc in capacity per cylinder. However the further diminution in dimension had not been materialized yet, because of the aggravation in exhaust emission and vibration noise. Then a single spray DI, characterized by the approximate sphericity in shape of combustion chamber and adoption of cast iron made piston and two-stage spring nozzle, was prototypically made, with optimizing the combustion in characteristics, decreasing HC in exhaust quantity by modifying the injection system, doing also NOx in exhaust quantity by adopting the lag angle at injection time and EGR, modifying the structure to lower the noise, and ...

Science.gov (United States)

The millimeter microwave source of gyrotron-traveling-wave amplifier (gyro-TWT) is capable of generating high power coherent radiation in a broad bandwidth, while its performance is severely deteriorated by the stability problems. This paper focuses on modeling and the stability analysis of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Ka-band TE{sub 01} mode gyro-TWT based on an interaction circuit alternately loaded with lossy ceramic shells and metal rings. The propagation characteristics of the interaction circuit is analyzed first, based on which the boundary impedance method is employed to build an equivalent uniform lossy circuit. Then the stability of the interaction system is studied using linear and nonlinear theories. The analysis reveals that, due to the special waveguide structure and the dielectric loss, the propagation characteristics of the complex waveguide are similar to that of a uniform lossy circuit. The analysis of the absolute instabilities ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recently, the lithium ion-conductive solid electrolyte draws attention because there is a possibility of producing the maintenance-free battery which is characterized by having such advantages as high energy density and no possibility of electrolyte leak because of solid state structure. The invented lithium ion-conductive solid electrolyte is formed by sintering the granular electrolyte expressed in the following general formula: Li(1+(4-n)x)MxTi(2-x)(PO4)3 (M = mono- or di-valent cation, x = 0.1 - 0.5). Examples of the monovalent cation are Na[sup +], K[sup +], Rb[sup +], Cs[sup +], and Cu[sup +]. Examples of divalent cation are Mg[sup 2+], Fe[sup 2+], Be[sup 2+], Ca[sup 2+], Sr[sup 2+], Ba[sup 2+], Ra[sup 2+], Mn[sup 2+], Co[sup 2+], Cu[sup 2+], Ni[sup 2+], Zn[sup 2+], and Cd[sup 2+]. The electric conductivity of lithium ion is increased with the increase in the content of Li[sup +] in the electrolyte. 4 figs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A series of NHC silver(I), mercury(II) and palladium(II) complexes, [(1,3-diethylbimy)6Ag4I3]I (2), [(1-benzyl-3-picolylbimy)Ag2Br2]n (3), [(1-benzyl-3-picolylbimy)HgI(CH2CN)]2 (4), {[(1-picolyl-3-npropylbimy)2Hg][Hg2I6]}n (5) and [(1,3-dipicolylbimy)PdCl]Cl (6), as well as one anionic complex [1,3-diethylbimidazolium]2[HgI4] (1) (bimy=benzimidazol-2-ylidene), have been prepared and characterized. Interestingly, a wind wheel-like Ag4I3 arrangement in 2 is formed, 1D polymeric chain containing 12-membered macrometallocycles and quadrangle Ag2Br2 units in 3 is generated, and the a-carbon atom of deprotonated acetonitrile ([CH2CN]-) in 4 participates in coordination with mercury(II) atom. In the crystal packings of complexes 1-6, 2D supramolecular layers or 3D supramolecular architectures are...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The main problems arising in decommissioning nuclear-powered submarines (NPS) relate to choosing a concept of handling reactor compartments followed by handling technology development. Reactor compartments (RC) are characterized with extremely space-saving or integral layout of large-size power equipment and systems, restricted access for dismantling, high radiation dose rates in a number of bays of RC. The above RC features pose a problem to find optimum option of RC utilization which on the one hand would be the most cost efficient, and the safest as possible on the other, i.e. dose commitments of personnel involved should be minimum, and effect on population and environment should be negligible. The main radiation factors specifying safety in RC handling at any decommissioning stage are as follows: (1) total radioactivity integrated in reactor facility (RF); (2) distribution of this radioactivity through RF equipment and structures; (3) ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The CaWO{sub 4}:Ln{sup 3+} SiO{sub 2} (Ln=Tb, Dy and Ho) nanoparticles were synthesized via a combustion process at 800 {sup o}C, using citric acid as chelating agent and fuel, ammonium nitrate as fuel, boric acid as flux material and silica as supports. The persistent phosphor nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), reflectance UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy (PL) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. XRD patterns indicated that crystalline calcium tungstate with scheelite structure was produced. The reflectance UV-vis spectra showed the broad absorption band of WO{sub 4}{sup 2-} groups and the PL spectra showed the WO{sub 4}{sup 2-} wide excitation band, broad emission band of WO{sub 4}{sup 2-} and characteristic emissions of Ln{sup 3+} ions. The average particle sizes were determined by TEM, which are about 50 nm.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Dopant-free Bi{sub 2}Ti{sub 2}O{sub 7} thin films with pyrochlore structure and La-doped bismuth titanate thin films have been fabricated by means of chemical solution decomposition, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectrophotometry in this study. Their photocatalytic activities have been evaluated by photodegrading methyl orange solution, and the optimum processing parameters for the highest photocatalytic activity have been found. Moreover, the effects of La-doping on the phase transformation and the photocalalytic activity have been studied. It has been deduced from the experiment result that substituted La{sup 3+} ions can act as a stabilizer of Aurivillus phase BLT and a grain-growth inhibitor in BLT thin films.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Li_1_._3Al_0_._3Ti_1_._7(PO_4)_3 thin films were successfully prepared by the solution deposition using lithium acetate, aluminum nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and titanium butoxide as starting materials. The structure, surface morphology, electrochemical window, and ionic conductivity of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance. The results showed that Li_1_._3Al_0_._3Ti_1_._7(PO_4)_3 thin films annealed between 750 deg. C and 900 deg. C prepared by this method were well crystallized, homogenous and crack-free. The electrochemical window was beyond 2.4 V and the ionic conductivity was approximately 1.57x10"-"5 S/cm at room temperature for the film annealed at 800 deg. C for 30 min.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Several dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes of the schiff bases derived from salicylaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, o-hydroxyacetophenone or pyridoxal and o-aminobenzylalcohol, o-aminophenol, o-hydroxybenzylamine, o-hydroxy(methylbenzyl)amine or 3-amino-2-naphthoic acid have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, electrical conductance, molecular weight, IR and electronic spectral and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The schiff bases behave as dibasic, tridentate ligands and coordinate through ONO donor system forming complexes of the type MoO_2L.X (where LH_2=schiff base, X=H_2O or Ch_3OH). The compounds MoO_2L.Ch_3OH react with 2,2'-dipyridyl to form heterochelates of the type MoO_2L.dipyridyl. The complexes are non-electrolytes, monomers, diamagnetic and possess a cis-MoO_2 structure. The complexes exhibit a ligand-to-metal charge-transfer transition around 25000 cm"-"1. The complexes MoO_2L.X and MoO_2L.dipyridyl are ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) is a secretory pancreatic protein present in small amounts in normal pancreas and overexpressed during the acute phase of pancreatitis. In this paper, the authors describe the cloning, characterization, and chromosomal mapping of the human PAP gene. The gene spans 2748 bp and contains six exons interrupted by five introns. The gene has a typical promoter containing the sequences TATAAA and CCAAT 28 and 52 bp upstream of the cap site, respectively. They found striking similarities in genomic organization as well as in the promoter sequences between the human and rat PAP genes. The human PAP gene was mapped to chromosome 2p12 using rodent-human hybrid cells and in situ chromosomal hybridization. This localization coincides with that of the reg/lithostathine gene, which encodes a pancreatic secretory protein structurally related to PAP, suggesting that both genes derived from the same ancestral gene by ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Classification and ranking of the solid solution on their reaction to the irradiation is suggested on the basis of binary system structure controlled by mixing enthalpy sign, melting temperatures relation of components and solidus curves slope. Several combinations of these characteristics permit to pick out three groups of substitutional elements capable of forming the vacancy-solute atom complexes either low-mobile or fast-mobile ones as compared to monovacancies migration. The radiation hardening (and embrittlement) of binary alloys should be intensified respectively either due to heterogeneous point defect clusters nucleation on solute traps or due to solute atom clusters/ precipitate formation. A local cohesion decrease may also occur especially if low-melting elements (characterized by low surface energy) are segregating on internal sinks or grain boundaries. The predicted specifics of different alloy group under irradiation and during ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The expression C/sub FB/ = C/sub ox/ x ({element of}/sub si//L/sub D/)/(C/sub ox/ + ({Epsilon}/sub si//L/sub D/)) (where L/sub D/ is the Debye length), commonly used for the flat-band capacitance of the MOS structure, is invalid in the temperature range below 100 {Kappa}. Consequently, significant error may be encountered when the flat-band capacitance method is used to extract the flat-band voltage V/sub FB/, which is of considerable interest for both the modeling and characterization of MOS devices. To extend this method to low-temperature CMOS applications one has to use a more general model that can be obtained by applying Fermi-Dirac statistics and taking into account the impurity freezeout effect. The authors show that when the temperature dependence of V/sub FB/ is extracted using this approach, the experimental data for n/sup +/ polysilicon gate MOS capacitors are in a good agreement with a simple model.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The retinal degeneration 10 (rd10) mouse is a well-characterized model of autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP), which carries a spontaneous mutation in the ? subunit of rod cGMP-phosphodiesterase (PDE?). Rd10 mouse exhibits photoreceptor dysfunction and rapid rod photoreceptor degeneration followed by cone degeneration and remodeling of the inner retina. Here, we evaluate whether gene replacement using the fast-acting tyrosine-capsid mutant AAV8 (Y733F) can provide long-term therapy in this model. AAV8 (Y733F)-smCBA-PDE? was subretinally delivered to postnatal day 14 (P14) rd10 mice in one eye only. Six months after injection, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), electroretinogram (ERG), optomotor behavior tests, and immunohistochemistry showed tha...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report on the possibility to prepare ZnSe porous layers with different degrees of porosity by means of electrochemical methods. The prepared porous structures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) techniques. The PL of the as-grown material and porous layers measured at low temperatures (10 K) was found to be dominated by an emission band at 2.796 eV as well as a band at 2.700 eV with several phonon replicas. The analysis of the dependence of these bands upon the excitation power density and temperature suggests that free-to-bound and respectively donor-acceptor electron transitions are responsible for the emission bands involved. The comparison of SEM and CL images taken from the same porous regions demonstrated that cathodoluminescence intensity from layers with small characteristic sizes of the porous entities (around 50 nm) is weaker than that inherent in bulk ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study hypothesizes that Appalachian Kentucky's nineteenth century commercial economic development was as significant as coal mining in shaping economic patterns which appeared during the depression years of the 1930's. Testing of this hypothesis permits the evaluation of widely-held views of the region's development. The economic landscape of the 1800's has generally been thought of as a rather homogeneous unit, isolated from outside commercial linkages, and almost wholly dominated by subsistence agriculture. This study concludes that the region's nineteenth century economy was: 1) spatially and structurally more complex than has previously been recognized, 2) not by-passed by national economic growth in 1850, as previous research indicates; and 3) characterized by some commercial agriculture rather than the subsistence stereotype presented in other works. Appalachian Kentucky did not develop as ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A high sensitivity (titer 60-150,000) radioimmunoassay for arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been developed using synthetic AVP as antigen and standard. The specificity of the antiserum has been characterized in detail by measuring the relative binding affinities of 29 analogs and fragments of AVP. In general, single amino acid substitution or deletion in the AVP molecule caused a reduction in binding to the antiserum; binding was further impaired for analogs which had multiple substitutions. ''Ring'' and ''tail'' fragments of the neurohypophysial hormones did not bind to the antiserum, and the only analog which the antiserum could not differentiate from AVP was deamino-AVP. More specifically, the antiserum exhibited the following properties: position 1, no requirement for a position charge at "1/_2 Cys; positions 2 and 3, requirements for #pi#-#pi# interacting pair of aromatic side chains and for Tyr at position 2; position 4, requirement for Gln (>Thr > Val); ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The following work deals with the realization, characterization and modeling of GaInP / AlGaInP high power semiconductor laser diodes in the visible wavelength range. In addition to the exploration and optimization of efficiency, temperature stability and maximum output power of multi-mode lasers especially methods for longitudinal and lateral mode stabilization of high power laser diodes have been investigated. Although often the focus of optimization is on the threshold current density, in this work the performance of the laser diode for an operation point around 1 Watt under continous wave operation is regarded as the figure of merit. It turns out that low carrier densities are key for an efficient reduction of the heterobarrier leakage currents. In addition, large optical cavity structures with low internal losses enable high external quantum efficiencies even for long cavities. Finally high laser effiency as well as an efficient cooling ...