UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Cross-resistance to cefoxitin (FOX), chloramphenicol (CMP), and quinolones (nalidixic acid [NAL]) related to a putative efflux system overexpression has recently been reported for Klebsiella...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A mixed copper complex with deprotonated nalidixic acid (nal) and histamine (hsm) was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, and conductivity. The crystal structure of [Cu(hsm)(nal)H₂O]Cl·3H₂O...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Direct plating, selective enrichment, and cold enrichment followed by secondary selective enrichment procedures were compared for detecting and enumerating Listeria monocytogenes in chopped cabbage stored at 5 degrees C for up to 64 days. Addition of Fe3+ to solid media enhanced detection of the organism. Cold enrichment (5 degrees C) in nutrient broth and brain heart infusion broth followed by secondary enrichment (48 h, 30 degrees C) in Trypticase soy-yeast extract-antibiotic broth and thiocyanate-nalidixic acid broth and plating on selective agar media (Doyle and Schoeni selective enrichment agar [minus acriflavin hydrochloride, supplemented with 5 micrograms of Fe3+/ml] and McBride Listeria agar) resulted in the detection of highest populations. PMID:3111369

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The resistance to pitting of a Fe-17%Cr alloy in Cl[sup [minus

Wastenet

...Systems by IPEX Enfield electrofusion acid waste systems give you the proven corrosion resistance of polypropylene, along with our patented, state-of-the-art electrofusion system....

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important component of systemic-acquired resistance in plants. It is synthesized from benzoic acid (BA) as part of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Benzaldehyde (BD), a potential...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An Ultra-Low-Carbon 19% Cr-11% Ni Stainless Steels used in nuclear fuel reprocessing plants where highly corrosion resistance in nitric acid is required has been developed. This steel has optimized the chemistry composition to decrease inclusions and deformation-induced martensitic transformation. The formation of deformation-induced martensite has the potential danger of accelerating corrosion in nitric acid. In this paper, effects of cold reduction and martensitic transformation on corrosion resistance of Ultra-Low-Carbon Stainless Steels in nitric acid are discussed. The developed steel showed excellent corrosion resistance during long-term exposure to nitric acid. (author).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Mycolic acids are key cell wall components for the survival, pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance of the human tubercle bacillus. Although it was thought that Mycobacterium tuberculosis...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Data from exposure of experimental animals and human subjects to sulfuric acid presents a consistent picture of its toxicology. Effects on airway resistance in asthmatic subjects were well predicted...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The resistance to microbe damages of aqueous solutions of cutting fluids (SOZh), which contain dual and more complex mixtures of known compounds, is studied. Lauric acid, myristic and tridecanic acid give microbic resistance to the compositions of synthetic cutting fluids. A complexing of the compositions as a rule does not support precisely expressed effects of synergism or antagonism.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Exposure tests of candidate materials were carried out up to 1000 hr in the sulfuric acid environments of thermochemical hydrogen production IS process, focusing on the corrosion of welded portion and of crevice area. In the gas phase sulfuric acid decomposition condition at 850degC, welded samples of Alloy 800 and of Alloy 600 showed the same good corrosion resistance as the base materials. In the boiling condition of 95 wt% sulfuric acid solution, test sample of SiC showed the same good corrosion resistance. Also negligible corrosion was observed in crevice corrosion. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

SiSiC is one of selected materials for the thermal chemical hydrogen production IS (Iodine-Sulfur) process at JAERI. SiSiC was tested in boiling sulfuric acid for 1000 hours. The obtained results showed the following facts. The transverse strength was not changed by sulfuric corrosion, high temperature oxidation and oxidation. Silica scale formed on SiSiC by sulfate corrosion and high temperature oxidation had corrosion resistance in boiling sulfuric acid. Bilayer structure of silica scale produced by high temperature oxidation was not affected by sulfate corrosion. (S.Y.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this study, effects of alloying elements such as Mo, Cr and Ni on intergranular corrosion (IGC) resistance of Mo contained austenitic stainless steels in boiling 65% nitric acid solution (Huey Test) were studied. Obtained results are as follows; (1) Mo deteriorates IGC resistance of austenitic stainless steel in Huey test due to enhance precipitation of Laves ((Fe, Cr)_2Mo) phase at grain boundary. (2) Cr improves IGC resistance of Mo contained austenitic stainless steel in Huey test, which is considered to reduce dissolution rate of Laves phase into nitric acid solution by increasing Cr content in Laves phase as increasing Cr content of stainless steel. (3) Ni suppresses occurrence of IGC of Mo contained austenitic stainless steel in Huey test. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A mutation to tetracycline sensitivity in a resistant strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae was shown by several criteria to be due to a point mutation in the conjugative o(cat-tet) element found in the chromosomes of strains derived from BM6001, a clinical strain resistant to tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Strains carrying the mutation were transformed back to tetracycline resistance with the high efficiency of a point marker by donor deoxyribonucleic acids from its ancestral strain and from nine other clinical isolates of pneumococcus and by deoxyribonucleic acids from Group D Streptococcus faecalis and Group B Streptococcus agalactiae strains that also carry conjugative tet elements in their chromosomes. It was not transformed to resistance by tet plasmid deoxyribonucleic acids from either gram-negative or gram-positive species, except ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The effect of small misch metal additions (0.25 to 1 wt.%) on the corrosion behaviour of aluminium was studied through electrochemical polarization in 0.1 N inorganic and organic acids at room temperature. It has been observed that rare earth addition improves the corrosion resistance of aluminium. (orig.).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract NorUDCA (24 norursodeoxycholic acid), the C23 homolog of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), showed remarkable therapeutic effects in cholestatic Mdr2 (Abcb4) (multidrug resistance protein 2/ATP binding cassette b4) knockout mice with sclerosing/fibrosing cholangitis. In contrast to UDCA, norUDCA is inefficiently conjugated in human and rodent liver, and conjugation has been discussed as a key step for the anticholestatic action of UDCA in cholestasis. We compared the choleretic, anticholestatic, and antiapoptotic properties of unconjugated and taurine conjugated UDCA (C24) and norUDCA (C23) in isolated perfused rat liver (IPRL) and in natrium/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (Ntcp) transfected human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) was used to induce a predomi...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The authors investigate the corrosion and anodic behavior of steels 12Kh18N10T, 08Kh21N6M2T, and 06KhN28MDT, nickel, and molybdenum in 10-40% naturally aerated solutions of H_2TiF_6 at 20 and 50 degrees C. The authors found that in solutions of fluotitanic acid, as also in tetrafluoroboric and hydrofluoric acids, the most stable alloys are chromium-nickel-molybdenum alloy of type 06KhN28MDT and (for acid concentrations above 20%) copper-nickel-alloys of the monel metal type. Steels 12Kh18N10T and 08Kh21N6M2T can be used in acid concentrations of less than 10% and temperatures up to 20 degrees C with anodic protection.

Science.gov (United States)

Elevated fatty acid levels have been thought to contribute to insulin resistance. Repression of the glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) gene as well as impaired GLUT4 translocation may be a mediator for fatty acid-induced insulin resistance. This study was initiated to determine whether palmitate treatment repressed GLUT4 expression, whether glucose/fatty acid metabolism influenced palmitate-induced GLUT4 gene repression (PIGR), and whether attempts to prevent PIGR restored palmitate-induced impairment of glucose uptake (PIIGU) in C2 myotubes. Not only stimulators of fatty acid oxidation, such as bezafibrate, AICAR, and TOFA, but also TCA cycle substrates, such as pyruvate, leucine/glutamine, and ?-ketoisocaproate/monomethyl succinate, significantly prevented PIGR. In particular, supplementing with pyruvate through methyl pyruvate resulted in nearly complete ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A nitric acid solution containing Cr_2O_7"2"- ion is used for a corrosion test which simulates the condition in a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant. As the effect of Cr content on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel is not yet fully understood in that solution, the effects of Cr content in an alloy and that of Cr_2O_7"2"- ion in nitric acid on the corrosion rate were studied by using electro-chemical measurements. The increase of Cr content reduced the general corrosion rate in nitric acid solution without Cr_2O_7"2"- ion, however it increased that in nitric acid solution containing Cr_2O_7"2"- ion. It is considered that the reversal of the Cr content dependency is due to a rise of the corrosion potential caused by addition of Cr_2O_7"2"- ion to the potential region where a high Cr alloy shows higher anodic dissolution rate than a low Cr content alloy. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The chemical fixation of tritium in stearic acid followed by embedding the tritiated stearic acid into an epoxy resin proved to be a good method for permanent waste disposal of tritium gas. Tc-126 and Tc-136 hardener were used for this purpose. The polymerization temperature of the polymer products was found to be highly decreased by adding stearic acid and slightly decreased by adding stearic acid or by raising the temperature of the leachant medium and slightly decreased by irradiation. On the other hand, small improvement in the compressive strength of the polymer products was achieved by adding silica powder. The polymer product showed high flame points above 573 K although it contains stearic acid. DTA and TG analysis indicate that the thermal stability of polymer products containing stearic acid and silica powder is better than samples containing only ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Flue gas desulfurization systems (FGDs) are operated in severely corrosive environments that cause sulfuric acid dew-point corrosion. The corrosion behavior of low-alloy steels was tested using electrochemical techniques (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic tests, potentiostatic tests), and the corrosion products were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The electrochemical results showed that alloying W with small amounts of Sb, Cu, and Co improves the corrosion resistance of steels. The results of surface analyses showed that the surface of the steels alloyed with W consisted of W oxides and higher amounts of Sb and Cu oxides. This suggests that the addition of W promotes the formation of a protective WO3 film, in addition to ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A ternary nickel-base alloy Ni-W-B has been developed for surface corrosion and wear resistance to replace chromium plating, which uses environmentally hazardous solutions. The deposition conditions used an alkaline bath and insoluble anodes. The as-deposited alloy typically contains 40 wt% W and 1 wt% B and has an amorphous or partially amorphous structure. These deposits compare favorably with hexavalent chromium deposits in throwing power, color uniformity, and reflectivity. The corrosion resistance of Ni-W-B alloy was compared with hexavalent chromium and electroless nickel deposits in a variety of acids, including hydrochloric, sulfuric, fluoroboric, and phosphoric. In all cases, best results were obtained with the Ni-W-B deposits.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In t(15;17) acute promyelocytic leukemia, all-trans retinoic acid (RA) induces leukemic cell maturation in vitro and remission in acute promyelocytic leukemia patients, but in vivo treatments invariably...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The austenitic nitrided Cr-Mn steels CrMnN 1812, CrMnNMo 1714 and CrNiTi 1810 has been investigated in chloride nitric acid at temperature 20-60 C. The Potentials of pitting nucleation and the time for pitting initiation has been determinate by the hronoamperometric method. It was established that alloying only with nitrogen is not sufficient procedure for obtaining of resistive to localised corrosion steel structure. Of importance for the resistance to localised corrosion of Cr-Mn steels is alloying with molybdenum. (orig.) [Deutsch] Die austenitischen stickstoffhaltigen Cr-Mn Staehle CrMnN 1812, CrMnNMo 1714 und der klassische CrNiTi 1810 wurden in chloridhaltigen Salpetersaeureloesungen im Temperaturbereich 20-60 C untersucht. Durch die hronoamperometrische Methode wurden die Potentiale der Lochfrassbildung und die Zeit zur Initiierung der Lochfrasskorrosion bestimmt. Man stellte fest, dass das Legieren der Staehle nur ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The interference of hyperthermia and ionizing radiation, respectively, with the effects of capric (10:0), lauric (12:0), myristic (14:0), oleic (cis-18:1) and elaidic (trans-18:1) acids on the osmotic resistance of human erythrocytes was investigated. The results are summarized as follows: (A) not only at 37 degrees, but also at 42 and 47{degrees}C lauric acid (12:0) represents the minimum chain length for the biphasic behaviour of protecting against hypotonic hemolysis at a certain lower concentration range and hemolysis promotion at subsequent higher concentrations; (B) with increasing temperatures the protecting as well as the hemolytic effects occur at lower concentrations of the fatty acids; (C) the increase of temperature promotes the extent of hemolysis and reduces the extent of protection against hypotonic hemolysis; (D) Gamma-irradiation of erythrocytes selectively affects the concentration of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The influence of surface oxides of variable composition and nonstoichiometry formed at high temperatures in air on the general corrosion resistance of ferritic chromium steel type 08H17T (Fe-17Cr-1Ti) in weak sulfuric acid has been studied. Anodic passive films formed on steel with different pretreatments have also been examined. The surface oxide of nearly stoichiometric composition formed at 300 C provides for the passive state of steel in sulfuric acid despite its depletion by chromium when compared with that for nonstoichiometric Cr-enriched oxide formed at 600 C. The dissolution and transformation of nonstoichiometric thermal surface oxide in sulfuric acid appear to take place through defect sites, {minus}Fe{sup 2+} ions, and oxygen vacancies of the n-type conductor. The passive film formed on the nonstoichiometric oxide film, which had been produced at 600 C, was found to be more susceptible to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The present study includes thermal stability of some fatty acids as phase change materials (PCMs). The selected fatty acids were stearic, palmitic, myristic and lauric acid with melting temperatures between 40-63{sup o}C and industrial-grade with 90-95% purity. Latent heat storage capacity and phase transition temperature of the PCMs were determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique as a function of after repeated thermal cycles such as 40, 410, 700 and 910. The present work also comprises the investigation of corrosion resistance of some construction materials to the fatty acids over a long period. The containment materials tested were stainless steel (SS 304 L), carbon steel (steel C20), aluminium (Al) and copper (Cu). Gravimetric analysis as mass loss (mg/cm{sup 2}), corrosion rate (mg/day) and a microscopic or metallographic investigation were performed for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

High oleic acid sunflower oils have been commercially available for some years now. Due to their high content of monounsaturated fatty acids these oils have a number of potential applications in the oleochemical industry, especially where technical oleic acids and their derivatives are used. Whereas conventional sunflower oil contains approx. 68% linoleic acid (C{sub 1}8:2), it is now possible through breeding measures to obtain ''new sunflower oils'' (NSb oils) with oleic acid levels of 70-95% oleic acid (C{sub 1}8:1). The oil itself is of interest for technical applications: it is light-coloured, has a neutral odour and is relatively resistant to oxidation. Plant oils, especially those with a low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, are increasingly gaining interest as ester oils ...

Science.gov (United States)

The strategies employed by oral streptococci to resist the inimical influences of acidification reflect the diverse and dynamic niches of the human mouth. All of the oral streptococci are capable of rapid degradation of sugar to acidic end-products. As a result, the pH value of their immediate environment can plummet to levels where glycolysis and growth cease. At this point, the approaches for survival in acid separate the organisms. Streptococcus mutans, for example, relies on its F-ATPase, to protect itself from acidification by pumping protons out of the cells. S. salivarius responds by degrading urea to ammonia and S. sanguis produces ammonia by arginolysis. The mechanisms by which these organisms regulate their particular escape route are now being explored experimentally. The picture that emerges is that the acid-adaptive regulatory mechanisms of the oral streptococci differ markedly from those ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The deterioration of AA2024, AA6061 and AA7475 anodised in an environmentally-compliant tartaric acid/sulphuric acid electrolyte has been examined as a function of the immersion time in the electrolyte after termination of anodising. By transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, degradation of the porous oxide film was qualitatively observed on AA2024. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy revealed that AA2024 and AA7075 were more sensitive to prolonged immersion in the anodising electrolyte compared with AA6061, due to increased barrier layer thinning rates and increased susceptibility to localized corrosion. Salt spray tests confirmed the previous, indicating decay of anticorrosion performance for AA2024 and AA7075.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this work, a new class of thiadiazole derivatives, namely 3,5-bis(2-thienyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (2-TTH) and 3,5-bis(3-thienyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (3-TTH), have been studied as possible corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in molar hydrochloric acid (1M HCl). Polarisation curves and AC impedance methods have been used. These studies have shown that the thiadiazole derivatives were very good inhibitors for mild steel in 1M HCl. Comparison of results showed that 3-TTH was the best inhibitor. The potential of zero charge (PZC) of mild steel was studied by ac impedance method, and the mechanism of adsorption has been predicted. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy surface analysis with thiadiazole derivatives shows that it chemisorbed at the mild steel/HCl interface. The adsorption of these inhibitors followed Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. The electronic properties of 2-TTH and 3-TTH, obtained using the AM1 semi-empirical quantum chemical approach, were ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The tet repressor regulated expression of the Tn-10-encoded tetracycline resistance determinant in a tetracycline-dependent manner. In the absence of tetracycline, the tet repressor binds as a dimer to the 19-base-pair palindromic tet operator sequence. Amino acid homologies and genetic studies with trans-dominant mutants suggest that sequence-specific recognition of the tet operator involves the extensively studied helix-turn-helix motif. We have used the uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) footprinting systems to identify thymine contacts in the tet operator that are essential for the formation of tet repressor-operator complexes.

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Nitridation of Cr-bearing alloys can yield low interfacial contact resistance (ICR), electrically conductive and corrosion-resistant CrN or Cr{sub 2}N base surfaces of interest for a range of electrochemical devices, including fuel cells, batteries, and sensors. This paper presents results of exploratory studies of the nitridation of commercially available, high Cr (30-35 wt%) Ni-Cr alloys and a ferritic high Cr (29 wt%) stainless steel for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) bipolar plates. A high degree of corrosion resistance in sulfuric acid solutions designed to simulate bipolar plate conditions and low ICR values were achieved. Oxygen impurities in the nitriding environment were observed to play a significant role in the nitrided surface structures that formed, with detrimental effects for the Ni-Cr base alloys, but beneficial effects for the stainless steel alloy. Positive results from ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To clarify the acidic and alkaline Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking (IGSCC) mechanism of thermally treated alloy 690 (alloy 690 TT) and shot peened alloy 800 (alloy 800 SP), C-ring tests were conducted in deaerated HCl solutions and in deaerated NaOH solutions at 350degC, compared with the acidic and the alkaline IGSCC susceptibilities of mill-annealed alloy 600 (alloy 600 MA), full-sensitized one (alloy 600 FS) and thermally treated one (alloy 600 TT). Grain boundary characteristics, such as chromium depleted zone and chromium carbide precipitation, were examined using modified Huey test and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Potential-pH diagram for Ni, Cr, Fe-H{sub 2}O system at 350degC was constructed and the solubilities of NiO, Cr{sub 2}O{sub 3} and Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} were also calculated to evaluate the stability of oxide films which were formed on the surfaces of alloy 690, 800 and 600. Under the acidic ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An induced mutant, RT-10 (M6 generation) was re-irradiated with 300 Gy of gamma rays. In M2 generation a mutant plant was identified, which characterized with large pods, prominent longitudinal ribbon reticulation and slight constriction. The selected mutant, RT-1010 has the highest pod yield (.3.59 t/fed.vs.2.91 and 2.61 t/fed respectively) and harvest index ( 0.52 vs. 0.42 and 0.45 resp.), the best in fancy pods percentage (57.67 % vs. 38.33 % and 44.17 % resp.), TSMK grade (98.96 % vs. 83.03 % and 84.05 % resp.), the largest pod mass (253.37 g vs . 211.32 g and 222.19 g resp.) and the highest expected oil yield (1370 Kg/fed vs. 895.44 Kg and 868.17 Kg/fed. resp.). With regard to fatty acid compositions, both the selected mutant, RT-1010 and the parental mutant RT-10 have almost a similar high oleic fatty acid (C18:1) percentage (56.35 % and 55.103 % respectively), low linoleic fatty acid (C18:2) percentage (24.20 % and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In support of a project on lifetime calculation experiments were carried out to evaluate the resistance to environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) of steam generator tubes during operation. Estimations of the incubation period for crack initiation and the threshold K value, K"I"s"c"c, and the crack growth rate were made to predict evolution of damage in tube walls. The paper summarizes results of experiments of C ring specimen for the initiation testing and results of SENT (single edge notch tensile) specimen for the crack growth rate (CGR) testing. The specimens were exposed to concentrated environments at elevated temperatures simulating crevice environments in secondary side crevices in horizontal steam generators. The results show that the material of SG tubes is sensitive to transgranular environmentally assisted cracking in the three basic concentrated environments used, alkaline, neutral and acid. The most corrosive medium was the ...

Wastenet

citrate boric acid citrate acid-NaOH

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This paper explores for the first time the post-radiation-induced-graft polymerization on solid substrate using reversible addition-fragmentation transfer (RAFT) mechanism. Radiation-induced graft polymerization onto polymers is a potentially interesting technique to create easily new materials from highly resistant polymers, e.g. surface graft polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) onto poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF) improves its surface properties without losing its excellent mechanical properties. As a consequence of the radical nature of the polymerization processes it is difficult to control molecular weight of grafted chains, and therefore design and standardize the properties of the final product. RAFT polymerization is a suitable method to obtain monodisperse polymers. The ability of the RAFT agents to control the polymer chain length could be an interesting approach to improve the grafted polymers obtained by ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The pitting corrosion properties have been investigated in welded and unwelded condition by polarization tests in sodium chloride solutions. The two steels were TIG welded without adding welding material and as shielding on the bottom side argon gas containing 2, 26 or 99 ppm oxygen was used. In some tests low breakthrough potentials were received, without discovering any pitting corrosion in the specimen surfaces. The unwelded SS 2352 steel had a critical (lowest) pitting temperature (CPT) of 5 degrees C in the more concentrated solution. For the same steel with weld pitting corrosion was obtained at 5 degrees C, which was the lowest temperature for the tests. Thus the CPT value was lower than 5 degrees C, but by looking at the pitting corrosion potentials the following conclusion could be drawn: Welding with higher oxygen content in the shielding gas implied lower pitting corrosion resistance. For the SS 2353 steel the CPT values were 25 and 27.5 degrees C for ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Emerging evidence suggests that E3 ligases play critical roles in diverse biological processes, including innate immune responses in plants. However, the mechanism of the E3 ligase involvement in plant innate immunity is unclear. We report that a rice gene, OsBBI1, encoding a RING finger protein with E3 ligase activity, mediates broad-spectrum disease resistance. The expression of OsBBI1 was induced by rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, as well as chemical inducers, benzothiadiazole and salicylic acid. Biochemical analysis revealed that OsBBI1 protein possesses E3 ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro. Genetic analysis revealed that the loss of OsBBI1 function in a Tos17-insertion line increased susceptibility, while the overexpression of OsBBI1 in transgenic plants conferred enhanced resi...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Research highlights: #-># Welding parameters affect pitting corrosion resistance of AL-6XN laser welds. #-># Lower heat input laser welds correspond to higher critical pitting temperature. #-># Depletion of Mo and Cr at dendrite cores causes preferential pitting corrosion. #-># Local Mo level at dendrite cores dominates weld pitting corrosion susceptibility. #-># Lower heat input laser welds manifest lower degree of microsegregation of Mo. - Abstract: Pitting corrosion resistance of laser welds of AL-6XN superaustenitic stainless steel (SASS) was investigated in acidic chloride ion medium. It was found that the critical pitting temperature (CPT) of the laser welds increased with increasing welding speed or decreasing laser power. Pitting attack preferentially occurred at selective dendrite cores of the laser welds. Analytical electron microscope (AEM) microanalysis revealed that depletion of Mo at dendrite ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A 200 ft. tall stack, consisting of a concrete chimney with an independent acid proof brick liner built in the 1950`s, serving the Separations facility at the Savannah River Site (SRS), was evaluated for the performance category 3 (PC3) level of Natural Phenomena Hazards (NPH) effects. The inelastic energy absorption capacity of the concrete chimney was considered in the evaluation of the earthquake resistance, in particular, to compute the F{sub {mu}} factor. The calculated value of F{sub {mu}} exceeded 3.0, while the seismic demand for the PC3 level, using an F{sub {mu}} value of 1.5, was found to be less than the capacity of the concrete chimney. The capacity formulation of ACI 307 was modified to incorporate the effect of an after design opening on the tension side. There are considerable uncertainties in determining the earthquake resistance of the independent brick liner. The critical liner section, located at the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Described herein are effects of nitrogen dissolved in steel on passivity and pitting corrosion, as one of the major corrosion phenomena observed in stainless steel. Mechanisms involved in controlling pitting corrosion by nitrogen are also discussed. Nitrogen contained in austenic stainless steel is concentrated in the surface area, in particular in the vicinity of the interface between the passive film and metal matrix. Nitrogen tends to decrease critical current density in an acid, when it is added to steel of high critical current density (approximately 1mA/cm{sup 2} or higher). This phenomenon is considered to result from accumulation of nitrogen preferentially in the surface area to prevent dissolution of steel. Nitrogen dissolved in the austenic phase improves resistance of the steel to pitting corrosion. This phenomenon is considered to result from controlled decrease in pH level during the initial stage of pitting corrosion, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Semiconducting properties of passive films formed on AISI 304 stainless steel grade were investigated by capacitances measurements in chloride containing aqueous solutions for different surface finishes: BA (bright annealing in hydrogen containing atmospheres) and 2B (standard annealing in oxidising atmospheres followed by pickling in acid, then water rinsing). Mott-Schottky analysis shows that for high enough electrode potential, and whatever the surface finish, the films behave like n-type semiconductors. 2B passive film appears to be more donor-doped than BA one and the density of donor states increases with chloride concentration. The electron donor levels are assumed to be generated by negatively charged cations vacancies produced by the chloride ions reaction with the outer passive film. This reaction looks easier for 2B than BA condition, which explains why BA resists better than 2B to pit nucleation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This invention relates to the production method of composite electrode substrate for fuel cell. An impermeable material is used for edge sealant. The sealant is put in the clearance between two electrodes consisting of porous carbon material via thermoplastic resin sheet, and heated while being pressed. This production method increases the adherence between the porous carbon bodies and reduces the contact resistivity at the joint interface. Consequently, it becomes possible to produce the composite electrode for fuel cell without separator, resulting in simplification of assembly work, weight reduction, and downsizing. The preferable porous carbon body is made from shrinkage-treated fiber. After sheet forming, the thermosetting resin is impregnated, and then it is burnt to carbonization. Or mixed sheet of rayon and acrylic fiber is laminated to be heated and pressed without impregnating the resin. The pressed resin is then burnt to carbonization. The preferable ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ag nanoparticles were prepared in a water-phase system with a mixture of silver-ammonia complex, sodium borohydride, and lauric acid according to molar feed ratio of approximately 6:3:1. The mechanism of preparation and separation by chemical reduction-protection method was explored. The as-synthesized Ag nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis spectroscopy, respectively. It was found that the size of high purity Ag particles was ranging from 30 to 50 nm with slight agglomeration. In addition, the as-synthesized wet Ag nanoparticles were dispersed stably in organic vehicle to formulate electrically conductive nanopaste. Upon direct-written and sintered, the array pattern of the nanopaste with the resolution of about 30 {mu}m was achieved with the electrical resistivity in the order of magnitude of 10{sup -5} {Omega} cm.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ultra-thin, uniform, pinhole-free solid polymer electrolyte films having a fixed carboxylic ester group of approximately 1 {mu}m thickness were prepared by polymerization of methyl acrylate and tris(2-methoxyethoxy)vinylsilane in a glow discharge plasma. The carboxylic ester group of the plasma polymer were transformed to lithium carboxylate groups by treatment with lithium iodide. This process give a single lithium ion conductive film. These solid polymer electrolyte films showed ionic conductivities of the order of 10{sup -8} S cm{sup -1} (10{sup 4} {omega} cm{sup 2} resistance per unit area) at room temperature. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is attractive as a substitute for classical polymer packaging material due to its biodegradability and sufficient mechanical and barrier properties. Presented research was focused on the changes of basic mechanical parameters after ionizing irradiation performed with doses in the range of 2.5-25 kGy, commonly used in radiation sterilization and preservation of foods. Two commercial available PLA packaging films were tested. The influence of radiation dose on the mechanical properties - tensile strength and elongation were determined using standardized methods. Radiation resistance of PLA is sufficient for packaging applications. The investigations of gas products of radiolysis of PLA have been made by gas chromatography after electron beam (EB) irradiations. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study is devoted to the formation of high-low-level-doped selective emitter for crystalline silicon solar cells for photovoltaic application. We report here the formation of porous silicon under chemical reaction condition. The chemical mixture containing hydrofluoric and nitric acid, with de-ionized water, was used to make porous on the half of the silicon surface of size 125 x 125 cm. Porous and non-porous areas each share half of the whole silicon surface. H{sub 3}PO{sub 4}:methanol gives the best deposited layer with acceptable adherence and uniformity on the non-porous and porous areas of the silicon surface to get high- and low-level-doped regions. The volume concentration of H{sub 3}PO{sub 4} does not exceed 10% of the total volume emulsion. Phosphoric acid was used as an n-type doping source to make emitter for silicon solar cells. The measured emitter sheet resistances at the high- and low-level-doped regions ...

Science.gov (United States)

Macromolecular and polyanionic Na(+)-poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (PGA) silver nitrate complex acted as both a metal ion provider and a particle protector to fabricate nanosized silver colloids under chemical reduction by dextrose. The formation and size of particles have been characterized from transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering analysis and UV-vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the average particle size was 17.2+/-3.4 to 37.3+/-5.5 nm, apparently depending on the complex concentration. It was found that the rate constant and conversion of silver nanoparticles were proportional to the concentration of PGA. The growth mechanism of nanosized silver colloid was fully discussed. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity evaluated by L929 fibroblasts proliferation and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strain (methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)) and Gram-negative strain (P. aeruginosa) bacteria have ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents results of a laboratory and field study of naphthenic acid corrosion and the development of an effective chemical inhibitor for this type of corrosive attack. In the laboratory corrosion test, which involved 20 hour weight loss measurements in high flash solvent with a total acid number (TAN) of 16 mg KOH/gm at a temperature of 600 F (316 C), blank corrosion rates averaged 140 to 150 mpy (3.56 to 3.81 mm/y). Inhibited rates averaged about 10 to 12 mpy (0.254 to 0.305 mm/y). The field test was carried out on a heavy vacuum gas oil (HVGO) stream at 550 F (288 C) . Blanks varied from a high of 425 mpy (10.79 mm/y) for a 24 hour test to a low of about 100 mpy (2.54 mm/y) for a 150 hour test. Both electrical resistance (ER) probes and weight loss coupons showed corrosion rates below 5 mpy (0.127 mm/y) as long as they were adequately passivated. Passivation consisted of exposing the coupons to a high inhibitor ...

Science.gov (United States)

A critical review of the literature revealed no experiments on uranyl ion transfer from an aqueous to a tributyl phosphate phase which positively measured the kinetics of the chemical reaction at the interphase. Drawing isorhythmic lines on a three component diagram gives a complex correlation for the compaction of three sizes of glass beads. Neither the use of thoria sols nor high feed solution concentrations of thorium nitrate gave any significant increase in mean particle diameters over those obtained from nitrate solutions of lower concentrations in flame denitration. A hydraulic film resistance has been detected in the anion exchange of uranyl sulfate into Dowex 2lK, and chloride elution was found to give a higher apparent uranium diffusion coefficient than nitrate elution. The rate of dissolution of mixed thorium-uranium oxides was determined as a function of the per cent of mixed oxides dissolved. Mixing in tanks packed with ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The effects of low concentrations (10 nm or less) of indoleacetic acid and abscisic acid on the phytochrome-mediated attachment of barley root (Hordeum vulgare L., var. Compana)...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Time-temperature-precipitation diagrams have been established for two steels with 6% Mo, 21% Cr, 25% Ni, 0.14 and 0.19% N (Cronifer 1925 h Mo = 1.4529, UNS N 08925) and for one steel with 6% Mo, 20% Cr, 18% Ni and 0.21% N (UNS S 31 254). The corresponding time-temperature-sensitization diagrams (in accordance to SEP 1877/II) and time-temperature-pitting diagrams (testing in 6% FeCl{sub 3} solution) have been evaluated as well. Precipitation of intermetallics occurs rapidly especially in the range between 700 and 1000{sup 0}C. In case of the 18% Ni steel and the 25% Ni/0.14% N steel grain boundaries are covered to a large extent with precipitates after only 15 min at 850 or 950{sup 0}C. In case of the 25% Ni/0.19% N steel precipitation is considerably slower. Therefore, when welding according to established rules and recommendations, no deterioration of the corrosion resistance in the heat-affected zone is to be expected. Additionally, the steel with 25% Ni has an ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Because resistance to new insecticides may develop rapidly and cross resistance is often encountered, even between insecticides of different classes, there is a continual demand for the development...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The thermal and heat transfer characteristics of lauric acid during the melting and solidification processes were determined experimentally in a vertical double pipe energy storage system. In this study, three important subjects were addressed. The first one is temperature distributions and temporal temperature variations in the radial and axial distances in the phase change material (PCM) during phase change processes. The second one is the thermal characteristics of the lauric acid, which include total melting and total solidification times, the nature of heat transfer in melted and solidified PCM and the effect of Reynolds and Stefan numbers as inlet heat transfer fluid (HTF) conditions on the phase transition parameters. The final one is to calculate the heat transfer coefficient and the heat flow rate and also discuss the role of Reynolds and Stefan numbers on the heat transfer parameters. The experimental results proved that the PCM melts ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nature of tube degradation was studied in support of horizontal steam generator lifetime calculations. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the resistance to environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) of steam generator tubes during operation. Estimations of the incubation period for crack initiation and the threshold K value, K(ISCC), and the crack growth rate were made to predict evolution of damage in tube walls. Experimental results were compared with in-service inspections experience. The paper summarizes results of experiments of C ring specimen for the initiation testing and results of SENT (single edge notch tensile) specimen for the crack growth rate (CGR) testing. The specimens were exposed to concentrated environments at elevated temperatures simulating crevice environments in secondary side crevices in horizontal steam generators. The results show that material of SG (steam generator) tubes is sensitive to transgranular environmentally assisted ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The potentiodynamic polarization measurement of 254SMO stainless steel (UNS 31254) was conducted in 3.5% NaCl solutions with pH ranging from 0.1 to 5. The results indicated that this stainless steel offered excellent pitting corrosion resistance in corrosive environments. Further, it also exhibited various features on the polarization curves in different pH solutions. The electrochemical constant-potential passivation treatment performed at different pH followed by XPS analysis revealed that the primary constituents of the outermost layer of the passive films formed in the weak (pH 5) and strong (pH 0.8) acid solutions are iron oxides and Cr_2O_3 and Cr(OH)_3, respectively. Molybdenum oxides, primarily in the six-valence state, existed in the outermost layer of the passive film. Only very weak signals corresponding to that of nickel oxides were detected in the film formed in the weak acid (pH 5) solution. The ICP-MS ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The effects of the antioxidants, vitamin E, propyl gallate, 2-t-butyl-4-methoxy phenol (BHA), 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methoxy phenol (BHT), nor-dihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and diphenyl-p-phenylene diamine (DPPD) in concentrations ranging between 0.001 per cent and 0.1 per cent have been tested on lipid peroxide formation in synthetic diet mixtures containing herring oil (10 per cent) mixed with starch (90 per cent) irradiated with #gamma#-ray doses of 100 to 2000 krad. On a weight basis NDGA, DPPD, BHA and BHT were most effective and vitamin E and propyl gallate were least effective. An antioxidant concentration of 0.01 per cent normally protected against peroxide formation after a dose of 500 krad but if the dose was increased to 1000 or 2000 krad, much higher doses of antioxidant, up to 0.1 per cent, were required to give protection. Antioxidants prevented peroxide developing during post-irradiation storage even when added after irradiation. Antioxidants were ...

Science.gov (United States)

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UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of carbapenem resistance and the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr and aac(6′)-Ib-cr...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... amino acids ammonia biosynthesis cattle comparative evaluations diet

Science.gov (United States)

... 31 5.4 FACTORIAL DESIGN STATISTICAL ANALYSIS..... ... resistance. o Factorial design statistical analysis gave the ...

Science.gov (United States)

Finely divided ash-containing coal is immersed in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid or citric acid, and acidic ammonium fluoride to cause the ash to react with the acid and the acidic ammonium fluoride, and the deashed coal is thereafter separated from the solution.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stress corrosion cracking tests in constant extension rate tensile (CERT) and constant load tensile (CLT) tests were conducted on Ni-xCr- 9Fe-yC in Ar, water, and a LiOH-boric acid solution. Cr and C improve the resistance of Ni-base alloys to IG cracking in both Ar and water at 360C. Since creep plays a role in IG cracking, one possible explanation for the role of the environment involves its effect on the creep. Experiments were conducted on the role of C in the deformation behavior and failure mode of Ni-16Cr-9Fe. Constant load experiments were conducted on Ni-16Cr-9Fe to determine if the CLT test is more aggressive than CERT. The electron backscattering technique in a SEM is being developed in order to extend the IG cracking studies to grain sizes typical of commercial alloys, 20-30 microns.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Electrodeposition of semiconducting iron oxide (Fe_2O_3) thin film was carried out from an alkaline sulphate bath. A 0.1 M ferrous sulphate (FeSO_4#centre dot#7H_2O) was complexed with 0.1 M citric acid. By addition of 1 N NaOH, pH of the solution was made alkaline (pH=9) and deposition of iron oxide (Fe_2O_3) thin films was carried out potentiostatically at room temperature (300 K). From cyclic voltametry (CV), electrochemical studies were carried out for deposition of iron oxide thin films. The XRD studies reveal that Fe_2O_3 with epsilon (#epsilon#) phase having monoclinic crystal structure is formed. By observing scanning electron microscope (SEM), it is seen that iron oxide films were homogeneous, uniform and well covered to surface of the substrate. Grain size was found to be in nanometers range from XRD analysis. The optical band gap of Fe_2O_3 thin film was estimated to be 1.90 eV. Electrical resistivity was order of 10"4 #OMEGA# cm. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Wood sawdust has been applied to manufacture the sawdust-clay-plastic composite (SDCPC) by radiation process for the purpose of disposing large amount of wood sawdust waste material. The process comprises the impregnation of liquid vinyl monomers into the completely dried molded sawdust-clay specimens followed by exposure to Co-60 gamma-radiation to induce graft-copolymerization of the impregnated vinyl monomers onto the sawdust-clay matrix. The comonomer system of unsaturated polyester and vinyl compounds was found to be the ideal impregnating monomer for the preparation of the SDCPC from the viewpoint of the technological and economical advantages. The SDCPC material has a variety of the sawdust content which enables the composite to have wide range of mechanical properties, e.g., 410 to 1100 kg/cm/sup 2/ in compressive strength, 120 to 380 kg/cm/sup 2/ in tensile strength and 0.32 to 4.41 kg/mm/sup 2/ in static bending strength. The SDCPC having higher content of clay (more than 50% ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dependence of C, N and Nb contents on intergranular corrosion (IGC), strews corrosion cracking (SCC) and mechanical strength of alloy 600 were examined. To evaluate the corrosion resistance of heat affected zone (HAZ), post weld heat treated specimens were used. To evaluate I G C and S C C susceptibility, Ferric Sulfate-Sulfuric Acid Test and High Temperature Water Test were used. Nb is effective as a stabilizer of C. Consequently to prevent corrosion attack on H A Z in high temperature water Nb should be added more than 100 ( % C - 0.005)% and to maintain mechanical strength, Nb should be added more than 3 + 75( %C + %N)%. Modified alloy 600 satisfying above condition was manufactured commercially and its various properties including weldability were confirmed to be excellent.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Previously we have used atomic force anodisation lithography, with a self-assembled monolayer of hexadecyltrichlorosilane as a resist, to pattern silicon oxide nanostructures onto a p-type silicon (1 0 0) substrate. A condensation reaction was used to immobilise carbon nanotubes with high carboxylic acid functionality directly to the silicon oxide. A further condensation reaction using this surface attached the molecule ferrocenemethanol to the bound nanotubes. These new nanostructures were used as electrodes to observe the oxidation and reduction of ferrocene. However, because the small currents measured are near the detection limits of the electrochemical system used, important electrode kinetics could not to be obtained. A scribing approach made larger regions of oxidised silicon leading to the creation of larger scale patterned arrangements of carbon nanotubes allowing measurement of important electrochemical parameters such as electrode ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS; EC 2.2.1.6) is the first enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of the branched-chain amino acids. It catalyzes the conversion of two molecules of pyruvate into 2-acetolactate or one molecule of pyruvate and one molecule of 2-ketobutyrate into 2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate. AHAS requires the cofactors thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), Mg{sup 2+} and FAD for activity. The herbicides that target this enzyme are effective in protecting a broad range of crops from weed species. However, resistance in the field is now a serious problem worldwide. To address this, two new sulfonylureas, monosulfuron and monosulfuron ester, have been developed as commercial herbicides in China. These molecules differ from the traditional sulfonylureas in that the heterocyclic ring attached to the nitrogen atom of the sulfonylurea bridge is monosubstituted rather than disubstituted. The structures of these compounds in complex with the catalytic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The comprehension of passivity and its protective character against corrosion is closely connected with the electronic properties of passive films. Passive films formed anodically on carbon steel in borate/boric acid solution, pH 9.2, have been characterised by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Mott-Schottky plots and impedance measurements were made on films formed at different potentials and times. The investigation allowed the determination of the semiconductive properties of the films. The results of the capacitance response indicate that the passive films behave like highly doped n-type semiconductors, showing that the passive film properties are dominated by iron. The value of donors density (N {sub D}) for the passive film is of the order of 10{sup 21} cm{sup -3} and decreases with increasing formation time and potential, indicating that defects decrease with increasing film thickness. Based on the information about the physical phenomena, an ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An in situ synthesis of ZnS and CdS quantum dots (QDs) in an aqueous solution of sodium hyaluronate (Hyal) produced foils emitting light on excitation with a UV light. The wavelength of emission was only slightly QDs size and more QDs concentration dependent and reached up to {approx}320 nm in the case of ZnS and {approx}400-450 nm in the case of CdS. Nanoparticles remained as non-agglomerated 10-20 nm nanoclusters. CdS/Hyal and ZnS/Hyal-QDs biocomposites were characterized using photoluminescence (PL), IR spectrometric techniques, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The absolute molecular weights, radii of gyration, R{sub g}, and thermodynamic properties of the obtained foils are given. Electric resistivity studies performed for the hyaluronic foil in the 100-1000 V range have revealed that the hyaluronate foil has very weak conducting properties and QDs only insignificantly affect those properties as QDs practically did not interact with the foil. Size ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The GLC analysis of carthamus tinctorius (safflower) yielded average hexane extracted oil content of 28% (25-30%); the oil contained high level of linoleic acid (74%). Monounsaturated fatty acid, oleic acid amounted 12.94%, while the saturated fatty acids like palmitic acid and stearic acid were 9.43 and 1.81%, respectively. Iodine value of linoleic acid was found to be 160:1 while its purity was 93.1%. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

We present the draft genome sequence and its analysis for Fusobacterium nucleatum sub spp. vincentii (FNV), and compare that genome with F. nucleatum ATCC 25586 (FN). A total of 441 FNV open reading frames (ORFs) with no orthologs in FN have been identified. Of these, 118 ORFs have no known function and are unique to FNV, whereas 323 ORFs have functional orthologs in other organisms. In addition to the excretion of butyrate, H2S and ammonia-like FN, FNV has the additional capability to excrete lactate and aminobutyrate. Unlike FN, FNV is likely to incorporate galactopyranose, galacturonate, and sialic acid into its O-antigen. It appears to transport ferrous iron by an anaerobic ferrous transporter. Genes for eukaryotic type serine/threonine kinase and phosphatase, transpeptidase E-transglycosylase Pbp1A are found in FNV but not in FN. Unique ABC transporters, cryptic phages, and three types of restriction-modification systems have been identified in FNV. ORFs for ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Decreased membrane rigidity is one of the characteristics of malignant cells, resulting in part from the desaturation of stearic acid into oleic acid. In this study we investigated the influence of...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Gastric acid hypersecretory states are a group of disorders characterized by basal hypersecretion of gastric acid and historically include a number of disorders associated with hypergastrinemia,...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Steam generators (SGs) in PWRs and CANDUs are designed for at least a 30-year operating life. However, in the 15-25 years that SGs tubed with Alloy 600 have operated commercially, they have experienced reduced reliability, mainly due to SG tubing degradation. One of the degradation mechanisms that Alloy 600 SG tubing has suffered from is lead-induced stress corrosion cracking (PbSCC) in AVT and near-neutral SG environments. In contrast to Alloy 600 tubing, test data obtained in high temperature water indicate that Alloy 800 is resistant to cracking by lead and lead compounds. For Alloy 800 (cold worked, shot peened), the most aggressive environment is reported to be alkaline with minor concentration of PbO (80 ppm). Work by Max Helie et al. also concluded that Alloy 800 is not sensitive to lead assisted SCC for pH values close to neutrality, whereas it could be affected in high alkaline conditions. The work reported here investigated the influence of lead (Pb), ...

Science.gov (United States)

Gas evolution in aluminum electrolytic capacitors constitutes one of their main drawbacks in comparison to other types of capacitors lacking a liquid electrolyte. In this respect, one of the most common causes of failure shown by liquid electrolyte capacitors is electrolyte leakage through the seal or even explosions produced by internal pressure buildup. In order to prevent these hazards, some substances, known as depolarizers, are usually added to the capacitor electrolyte with the purpose of absorbing the hydrogen evolved at the cathode (1, 2). Although the gas evolution problem in electrolytic capacitors has been known for a long time, there is a lack of literature on both direct measurements of the gas evolved and assessments of the amount of depolarizer active for the hydrogen absorption process. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors of 100..mu..F and 40V nominal voltage, miniature type (diam 8 mm, height 18.5 mm), were manufactured under standard specifications. The capacitors were ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cassava is cultivated almost all over the world and it is considered one of the most important nutritious sources of calories in the human diet. Cassava is a viable food against starvation in several poor areas of the world because it is an extremely resistant culture and may reach satisfactory economical yield. We utilized vacuum packed industrialized cassava irradiated with 0,1 kGy, 3kGy and 5kGy and stored under refrigeration for 1, 21, 30 and 50 days. Our objective was to analyse the synergistic effect of vacuum packing, irradiation and refrigeration on the preservation of minimally processed cassava. The samples were analyzed for pH, acidity, weight, humidity, texture and color. The irradiation did not affect the chemical characteristics of the cassava. Neither the pH nor the acidity, the most relevant variables to verify deterioration in cassava, presented significant alterations during the period of storage. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new type of zinc electrode is matched with new bifunctional air electrodes to produce a zinc-air battery of a novel design. The zinc electrode is a flow-thru type made from copper foam-metal. The air electrode uses corrosion resistant carbon black as a high area support for a highly dispersed spinel oxide electrocatalyst. The battery design employs flowing electrolyte, 12 M KOH saturated or supersaturated with zincate. Single cells as large as 200 cm{sup 2} (1/5 EV design scale) having a capacity of 20 AH have been tested with C/4--C/16 constant current cycling. More extensive and realistic life cycle testing was done with 2 Ah cells, including the Simplified Federal Urban Driving Schedule (SFUDS) cycle. This testing has confirmed that these cells can provide the necessary transient power response required for urban EV applications. The cells achieved an average of 72 SFUDS repetitions (7.2 hrs) per discharge cycle, more than twice the number with a sealed lead ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Uranium(VI)-salicylic acid system has been studied polarographically in perchloric acid medium. Varying concentrations of HClO/sub 4/ and salicylic acid have been used. The nature of the polarographic waves is irreversible.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The phytochrome-mediated attachment of mung bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., var. Oklahoma 612) root tips on glass is quickly affected by indoleactic acid and abscisic acid at concentrations...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Dicarboxylic acids are prominent features of several diseases, including Reye's syndrome and inborn errors of mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, dicarboxylic acids are potentially...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract available.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Experiments were conducted to investigate indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism associated with postanthesis senescence of ovaries from nonpollinated muskmelon (Cucumis...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Twelve Salmonella typhimurium strains resistant to broad-spectrum cephalosporins were isolated from cases of gastroenteritis during 1996 to 1998 in Russia, Hungary, and Greece. Resistance...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

To determine who resists sexual assault and what happens, data were examined from a probability sample of 3,132 adult community residents of Los Angeles, California. Seventy-five per cent of the respondents...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Pyrethroid insecticides have been extensively used in China and worldwide for public health pest control. Accurate resistance monitoring is essential to guide the rational use of insecticides and resistance...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging problem among nosocomial bacteria. Risk factors for the recovery of ceftriaxone-resistant (CRCF) or -susceptible (CSCF) Citrobacter freundii...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, the methicillin resistance gene mecA is localized within a large chromosomal region which is absent in the methicillin-susceptible...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

...visible damage. (k) Corrosion resistance. Each metal part of a...evidence of salt-spray corrosion resistance equal to or greater than...sample of test metal must show corrosion resistance equal to or better than...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The study to get some fundamental materials was carried out, aiming at the recovery of valuable components from red mud produced in the bauxite processing. Acid leaching of red mud was used to clarify the effect of leaching time, leaching temperature and acid concentration on the recovery. The used acids were hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid of which concentrations were 1.45, 1.8 and 1.2mol-l; the temperature was 25, 40 and 60 centigrade; and the time was 1, 2, 4 and 8 hours. Al in red mud was leached by all acids, became the equilibrium after 10 minutes, and was independent og the temperature and the leaching rate was about 70%. When the acid concentration was raised to two time for sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, the leaching rate increased by 15%. Si ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The author reviews the growth of the insecticide-resistance problem throughout the world during the period between July 1956 and November 1957, and the developments in research on the subject during...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Summary: The increasing emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), has resulted in the increased...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A strain of Pseudomonas syringae was recently identified as the cause of a new foliar blight of impatiens. The bacterium was resistant to copper compounds, which are used on a variety...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECTA genetic basis for aspirin resistance has been postulated to exist.The...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In this work we conducted both in vitro and in vivo experiments to examine the development and mechanisms of erythromycin (Ery) resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We compared the incidence of nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae, the serotypes causing mucosal and invasive diseases, and the antibiotic resistance of these strains...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Introduction:The purpose of this study was to utilize an in vitro biofilm model of subgingival plaque to investigate resistances in subgingival biofilm...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:15675751

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

The New Titanium Alloys With Increased Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance for Medical Instruments and their Coatings

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The temperature rise induced by shock compression of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was determined from measurements of the electrical resistivity of embedded copper foils. The temperature of the copper was determined from the observed foil resistance and known values of the change in copper resistivity with temperature and shock compression. Temperature values obtained over a stress range from 0.9 to 6.0 GPa are in good agreement with thermocouple measurements reported previously.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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CERN Document Server

We present the first results from tests of a MICROMEGAS detector manufactured using the so-called "bulk" technology and having a resistive cathode mesh instead of the conventional metallic one. This detector operates as usual MICROMEGAS, but in the case of sparks, which may appear at high gas gains, the resistive mesh reduces their current and makes the sparks harmless. This approach could be complementary to the ongoing efforts of various groups to develop spark-protected MICROMEGAS with resistive anode planes.

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:21921169

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

Our research in the general area of acid catalysis involves the characterization of solid acidity and the corresponding assessment of catalytic performance of acidic materials. Acid characterization studies are required to provide essential information about the type of acid site (i.e., Lewis versus Bronsted), the strength of the sites, and the mobility of molecules adsorbed on the acid sites. An accurate measure of acid strength is given by the heat of adsorption of a basic probe molecule on the acid site. A thermodynamic representation of the mobility of adsorbed species on these sites is given by the entropy of adsorption. Important techniques used in these acid site characterization studies include microcalorimetry, thermogravimetric measurements, temperature programmed desorption, infrared ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Theoretical investigations of fatty acids as a phase change material (PCM) for energy storage system have been conducted in this study. The selected fatty acids were capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid. For the two-dimensional simulation model based on the enthalpy approach, calculations have been made for the melt fraction with conduction only. Glass, stainless steel, tin, aluminium mixed, aluminium and copper were used as heat exchanger materials in the numerical calculations. Theoretical results show that capric acid was found good compatibility with latent heat storage system. The large value of thermal conductivity of heat exchanger materials did not make significant contribution on the melt fraction. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Data processing method was studied for mise-a-la-masse survey. Mise-a-la-masse method using wells as current sources measures resultant ground surface potential difference, and detects underground local resistivity anomaly. To extract resistivity anomaly largely different from surroundings, the anomaly is extracted as difference between the estimated value of regular resistivity structure (background) and potential difference or apparent resistivity. The following three approximations were attempted to estimate the background: the theoretical equation assuming isotropic homogeneous resistivity structure, that assuming horizontal multi-layered structure and the exponential function of distance from linear electrode for apparent resistivity, and these were compared with each other by numerical model experiment. The data processing method which determines the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

1. The fluorescent fatty acid probe 11-(dansylamino)undecanoic acid (DAUDA) binds with high affinity to bovine and human serum albumin (BSA and HSA) at three sites. 2. The Kd of the primary binding...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

A study to define the effectiveness limits of sulfamic acid and to discover other better stabilizers for Pu(III) is described. Ascorbic and isoascorbic acids, used in conjunction with sulfamic acid reduced Pu(IV) to stable Pu(III) in nitric acid. Aminoguanidine sulfate also retarded the oxidation of Pu(III) but did not reduce Pu(IV). (J.R.D.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Corrosion testings of model alloys, corresponding by chemical composition to simple and complex-alloyed #gamma#- and #gamma#'-phases of nickel heat-resistant alloys are conducted in sodium sulfate and chloride melts. It is ascertained that heat resistant nickel alloys containing over 50 % of hardening #gamma#'-phase, are subject to disastrous sulfide corrosion (SC). Resistance against SC alloys containing below 50 % of #gamma#'-phase is determined by the resistance of #gamma#-solid solution. 10 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bacterial hydroxy fatty acids and alpha-hydroxy fatty acids have been demonstrated in complex lipid extracts of subgingival plaque and gingival tissue. However, little is known about the relationship...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The mixture of lauric acid and capric acid is a potential latent heat storage material. However, its eutectic melting temperature is quite high for low-temperature thermal energy storage. Addition of naphthalene is proposed. The ternary system lauric acid-capric acid-naphthalene has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), visual polythermal and chromatography of gases. The phase diagram is of an incongruent eutectic type. The eutectic mixture contains 18.4mol% lauric acid, 63.1mol% capric acid and 18.5mol% naphthalene and melts at 13.3{sup o}C. The peritectic mixture contains 32.4mol% lauric acid, 48.2mol% capric acid and 19.4mol% naphthalene and peritectic temperature of 16.2{sup o}C. The incongruent compound was analysed to be CH{sub 3}(CH{sub 2}){sub 10}COOH.CH{sub 3}(CH{sub 2}){sub 8}COOH. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The concentration of some organic acids in the atmosphere was determined using a wet effluent diffusion denuder-aerosol collector coupled with Ion Chromatography. Three organic acids and four inorganic anions were identified and quantified in the air sample, taken from the backyard of PSI. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The present invention relates to a method of acidizing a subterranean formation or well bore employing an acidic solution containing a corrosion inhibitor composition comprising an inhibiting effective amount of an acetylenic alcohol, a quaternary ammonium compound, an aromatic hydrocarbon and an antimony compound.

Science.gov (United States)

The heat storage material consists of a mixture of oleic and stearic acids in which stearic acid is present to the extent of 30 percent to 90 percent by weight. In addition to this binary system, the invention is also directed to a ternary system in which diphenyl ether is present along with the stearic and oleic acids.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Results of field applications of boric acid in the secondary coolant circuits of seven PWR units for the purpose of reducing the rate of corrosion denting are reported. Based on available data at the power plants considered in this study, it was not possible to support or refute the benefit of using boric acid secondary water treatment.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ammonium sulfate is produced from spent sulfuric acid from the production of alcohols. Certain mineral and organic impurities exist in the sulfuric acid that impair the quality of the ammonium sulfate. A detailed method for the chemical analysis for the impurities is presented.

Science.gov (United States)

Methods of acidizing a subterranean well formation, acidizing compositions, and sequestering additives for preventing the precipitation of metal compounds in the formation are described. Use of the methods and chemicals described should lead to improved formation permeability as compared to use of previous methods and chemicals. 12 claims.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The interaction of long-chain fatty acids with cells is important for their uptake and metabolism, as well as their involvement in signalling processes. The majority of long-chain fatty acids circulating...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Alloy 800 has been used for steam generator (SG) tubing for more than 30 years, primarily in CANDU reactors and in reactors in Germany. The grade of Alloy 800 tubing used for this service has a controlled Ti/C ratio ({>=}12 for CANDU SGs), and this specification is sometimes termed Alloy 800 M or Alloy 800 NG . There have been very few corrosion-related flaws detected in this material in SG service, and, until recently, no incidences of cracking. There has been extensive R and D carried out on Alloy 800 tubing, both in Canada and elsewhere, under a variety of operating conditions, including shutdowns, which show that it has excellent resistance to corrosion-related degradation under specified and appropriate operating conditions. These R and D findings are reflected in the in-service experience. It has been shown from the R and D that Alloy 800 is susceptible to corrosion under acidic conditions, in particular those that can arise as a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The research has involved the characterization of catalyst acidity, [sup 2]D NMR studies of Bronsted acid sites, and kinetic, calorimetric, and spectroscopic studies of methylamine synthesis and related reactions over acid catalysts. Approach of this work was to explore quantitative correlations between factors that control the generation, type, strength, and catalytic properties of acid sites on zeolite catalysts. Microcalorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, IR spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy have provided information about the nature and strength of acid sites in zeolites. This was vital in understanding the catalytic cycles involved in methylamine synthesis and related reactions over zeolite catalysts.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Intensive measurements of organic acids, inorganic acids, aldehydes and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in urban air were carried out at a Southern California smog receptor site, Glendora, CA, August 12-22, 1986. The objective of this project was to augment the data base regarding organic acids in urban air and to assess their role with emphasis on ambient levels, diurnal variations, phase distribution, emissions, in-situ formation and removal. The relative abundance of organic acids and inorganic acids was determined for the first time from simultaneous measurements carried out during this study.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The high cost of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) poses a significant challenges to their commercial uptake. The bipolar plates connect the anode and cathodes of cells and separate the reactant gases, and are the most expensive components in PEMFCs. Although stainless steel can be used as a low-cost alternative in bipolar plate construction, steel is prone to electrochemical corrosion in the highly acidic PEMFC operation process. This study examined the polarization curves and ICR as a function of compaction force of a high Cr and Ni austenitic stainless steel in an environment simulating the bipolar plate under PEMFC operating conditions. The 3-electrode system consisted of a platinum (Pt) sheet, a saturated calomel electrode with a Luggin capillary contract with the used solution and the work electrode. All polarization curves were measured in a solution of H{sub 2}SO{sub 4} in order to simulate the aggressive PEMFC environment. Surface morphologies ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Effective commercial liquid absorption technology currently applicable for CO{sub 2} capture from power plant flue gases uses a conventional chemical solvent, MEA(monoethanolamine), which was developed over 60 years ago as general non selective solvent to remove acid gases from natural gas streams. The application to CO{sub 2} capture from almost atmospheric pressure flue gases required modification of the technology on account of the oxygen content to incorporate inhibitors to resist solvent degradation and equipment corrosion, as well as upstream treatment of the flue gases to remove both SO{sub x} and NO{sub x} present. The solvent strength used by such processes is relatively low in comparison with high strength modern chemical solvents. The resultant effect is large equipment and high regeneration energy requirements which is a parasitic load on the power plant. Using current technology for CO{sub 2} capture from flue gas derived from ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A unique feature of cyanobacteria genomes is the abundance of genes that code for hypothetical proteins containing tandem pentapeptide repeats approximately described by the consensus motif A(N/D)LXX. To date, the structures of two pentapeptide-repeat proteins (PRPs) have been determined, with the tandem pentapeptide-repeat sequences observed to adopt a novel type of right-handed quadrilateral ?-helix, or Rfr-fold, in both structures. One structure, Mycobacterium tuberculosis MfpA, is a 183-residue protein that contains 30 consecutive pentapeptide repeats and appears to offer antibiotic resistance by acting as a DNA mimic. The other structure, Cyanothece 51142 Rfr32, is a 167-residue protein that contains 21 consecutive pentapeptide repeats. The function of Rfr32, like the other 35 hypothetical PRPs identified in the genome of Cyanothece, is unknown. In an effort to understand the role of PRPs in cyanobacteria and to better characterize the structural properties of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A newly synthesized glycine derivative (termed GlyD), 2-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylamino)acetic acid hydrochloride, was used to inhibit uniform and pitting corrosion processes of Al in 0.50 M KSCN solutions (pH 6.8) at 25 "oC. For uniform corrosion inhibition study, Tafel extrapolation, linear polarization resistance and impedance methods were used, complemented with SEM examinations. An independent method of chemical analysis, namely ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry) was also used to test validity of corrosion rate measured by Tafel extrapolation method. GlyD inhibited uniform corrosion, even at low concentrations, reaching a value of inhibition efficiency up to 97% at a concentration of 5 x 10"-"3 M. Results obtained from the different corrosion evaluation techniques were in good agreement. This new synthesized glycine derivative was also used to control pit nucleation and growth on the pitted Al surface based on ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

... and R. L. Momparler. DNA methylation of retinoic acid receptor beta in breast cancer and possible therapeutic role of ... ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) powder from waste bottles was degraded at atmospheric pressure in 7--13 M nitric acid at 70--100 C for 72 h, to clarify the mechanism of a feed stock recycling process. Terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol (EG) were produced by the acid-catalyzed heterogeneous hydrolysis of PET in nitric acid, and the resulting EG was simultaneously oxidized to oxalic acid. The kinetics of the hydrolysis of PET in nitric acid could be explained by a modified shrinking core model of chemical reaction control, in which the effective surface area is proportional to the degree of unreacted PET, affected by the deposition of the product TPA. The apparent rate constant was inversely proportional to particle size and to the concentration of the nitric acid. The activation energy of the reaction was 101.3 kJ/mol.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Objective and sourcesWe reviewed the epidemiologic literature for PFOA.Data synthesisPerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) does not occur naturally but is...Full Text Available

KoreaScience (Korea)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... filters molybdenum alloys production sulfuric acid alloys chemical reactions ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Acidosis in the gastrointestinal tract can be both a physiological and pathological condition. While gastric acid serves digestion and protection from pathogens, pathological acidosis is associated...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The direct injection of steam into a water pool is a method of heat transfer used in many process industries. The amount of research in this area however is limited to the nuclear industry, with applications relating to reactor cooling systems. Electrical resistance tomography (ERT), a low cost, non-invasive and which has high temporal resolution characteristics, can be used as a visualization tool for the resistivity distribution for the steam injection into water pool such as IRWST. In this paper, three dimensional resistivity distribution of the process is obtained through ERT using iterative Gauss-Newton method. Numerical experiments are performed by assuming different resistive objects in the water pool. Numerical results show that ERT is successful in estimating the resistivity distribution for the injection of steam in the water pool

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

BACKGROUND: Glyphosate resistance has been confirmed in 58 populations of Lolium rigidum (Gaud.), a major weed of crops in southern Australia. Extensive use of glyphosate in conjunction with minimal soil disturbance has been identified as high risk for resistance to that herbicide. Land managers need a simple method for rapid assessment of the risk of resistance occurring as a result of past and proposed future management practices. Modelled on risk assessment nomographs, a simple calculator for indicating the risk of evolved glyphosate resistance in L. rigidum is described.RESULTS: The calculator uses the generations since first use and the frequency of use of glyphosate in combination with historical cultivation levels as critical factors for determining the risk of glyphosate resistance...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The properties of cast basalt and alumina are examined. The ways in which these materials have been used in applications in coal preparation plants, for example in bunker and pipe linings where abrasion and corrosion resistant materials are required, are discussed.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Transformed Drosophila Kc cell lines, resistant to methotrexate, an inhibitor of de novo purine and pyrimidine synthesis, have been obtained by calcium phosphate transfection of plasmids containing...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Sugarcane rusts, brown (caused by Puccinia melanocephala) and orange (caused by P. kuehnii), are agronomically important diseases in Florida. Cultivar resistance is the best means of managing these diseases. Unfortunately, natural infection of brown rust is not always efficient in determining resist...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The resistance to destruction of spores of Bacillus subtilis var. niger occluded in crystals of calcium carbonate and exposed to ethylene oxide and moist and dry heat...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have evaluated the performance of two rapid, low-cost methods for the detection of ofloxacin (OFX) resistance with 95 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from countries with high...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The evolution of drug resistant bacteria is a severe public health problem, both in hospitals and in the community. Currently, some countries aim at concentrating highly specialized services in large...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A 42% (70 of 167 isolates) incidence of resistance to 20 micrograms of trimethoprim per ml was found among clinical isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci from two hospitals. A specific trimethoprim...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Tetracycline-resistant Lactococcus lactis strains originally isolated from Polish raw milk were analyzed for the ability to transfer their antibiotic resistance genes in vitro, using...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Although cross-resistance in houseflies to the organophosphates has eliminated numerous potentially useful compounds from field use, the ”subgroup” specificity of this phenomenon has...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The development of azole resistance in Candida albicans is most problematic in patients with AIDS who receive long courses of drug for therapy or prevention of oral candidiasis. Recently,...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The presence of highly heat-resistant spores of Bacillus sporothermodurans in ultrahigh-temperature or sterilized consumer milk has emerged as an important item in the dairy industry....Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

In Staphylococcus aureus, a pronounced shift in position of the acriflavin resistance locus was observed when gene order was determined by marker frequency analysis of cells of various ages. In young cells (2-hour culture), acriflavin resistance was mappe...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The aim of this study was to evaluate a nitrate reductase assay (NRA) performed on smear-positive sputa for the direct detection of rifampin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cracking resistance and metal damage are considered in relation to structural state for steam-pipe fittings during use. An approximate scheme is given for estimating the maximum permissible operating time in the plastic state in relation to the depth of an observed crack-type defect.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundOne virulence property of Borrelia burgdorferi is its resistance to innate immunity, in particular to complement-mediated killing. Serum-resistant B....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The emergence of Escherichia coli that produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and are multidrug resistant (MDR) poses antibiotic management problems....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Arsenic is one of the most important global environmental pollutants. Here we show that the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 contains an arsenic and antimony resistance...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

Experimental data are reported on the micro-irregularities of resistivity in longitudinal and transverse specimens of germanium 0.5 to 0.8 mm in thickness and 25 to 40 mm in width. These data are correlated with the conditions of growth of the crystals. (16 refs).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Adipocyte death has been reported in both obese humans and rodents. However, its role in metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation associated with obesity...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Plumbagin is found in many herbal plants and inhibits the growth of various bacteria. Escherichia coli strains are relatively resistant to this drug. The mechanism of resistance is...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A general model for wakefield-generated instabilities in linear accelerators, originally developed for cumulative beam breakup [1], is applied to the resistive wall instability. The general solution for various bunch charge distributions and application to various accelerator configurations are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inorganic acids are commonly used for surface cleaning and finishing of metals. The acids become unuseable due to contamination with metals or diluted and weakened. Diffusion dialysis has become a way to recover the useable acid and allow separation of the metals for recovery and sale to refineries. This technique is made possible by the use of membranes that are strong enough to withstand low ph and have long service life.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The thermodynamic characteristics of adsorption of sulfur-containing amino acids and their derivatives on the surface of graphitized thermal carbon black were calculated by the molecular statistical method. The parameters of the atom-atom potential function of intermolecular interaction between the S atom in amino acids and the graphite C atom were determined. It was shown that an intramolecular H-bond influenced the adsorption of amino acids on the surface of graphitized thermal carbon black.

Science.gov (United States)

Not Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A hydrocarbon composition having a major portion of a hydrocarbon preferably a lubricating oil such as mineral oil and at least a friction-reducing amount usually 0.01 to 10 weight percent of an amine or amine derivative of a hydrocarbon-soluble polymerized fatty acid e.g. a dimeramine derived from a dicarboxylic acid containing at least 12 carbon atoms such as 9(10)-carboxy stearic acid has improved antifriction and flue economy properties.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-{gamma} (PPAR{gamma}) regulates metabolic homeostasis and adipocyte differentiation, and it is activated by oxidized and nitrated fatty acids. Here we report the crystal structure of the PPAR{gamma} ligand binding domain bound to nitrated linoleic acid, a potent endogenous ligand of PPAR{gamma}. Structural and functional studies of receptor-ligand interactions reveal the molecular basis of PPAR{gamma} discrimination of various naturally occurring fatty acid derivatives.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Details of a series of reactions for the production of ethylene glycol using a catalyst of Nafion solid perfluorosulfonic acid resin was detailed. The reactions included the carbonylation of formaldehyde and esterification and then hydrogenation of the product of the carbonylation, glycolic acid. Other preparations included in the work included methyl glycolate, acetylglycolic acid, methyl acetylglycolate, and methyl methoxyacetate.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

Omega-3 Fatty Acids; Lipid Peroxidation

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A method for the chemical modification of the initial structure of humic acids by acylation with indole-3-acetic acid chloride was developed to increase the biological activity of preparations based on peat and lignite humic acids. The plant growth stimulating effect and the antibacterial activity of the synthesized humic preparations were studied.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Study results on long-term thermal and corrosion resistance of packs with electro-insulation layer of aluminium nitride are presented. Structural changes of nitride ceramics and contact zones between metal and ceramics are considered. It is shown that multilayer metallo-ceramic packs, manufactured by gas-phase technology have high electro- and thermophysical properties, high thermal and corrosion resistance relative to cesium vapor, vacuum density as well as high thermo-resistance. 8 refs., 4 figs.