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Elastodynamic approach to measuring stress-strain relationship of uniaxially stressed wire, and

Science.gov (United States)

Sensitive and quick-response nonlinear inductance characteristics are found for high Tc superconducting (YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-chi/) disk cores at 77K in which soft magnetic BH hysteresis loops are observed. Various quick response magnetic devices such as modulators, amplifiers and sensors are built using these cores. The magnetizing frequency can be set to more than 20 MHz, which is difficult for conventional ferromagnetic bulk materials such as Permalloy amorphous alloys and ferrite. New quick-response fluxgate type magnetic-field sensors are made using ac and dc voltage sources. The former is used for second-harmonic type sensors, while the latter is for voltage-output multivibrator type sensors. Stable and quick-response sensor characteristics were obtained for two-core type multivibrators.

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nano photonic materials are synthetically manufactured crystals at the nano scale with the target of creating a microstructure with a special electro-magnetic periodicity. Such nano photonic materials have the ability to control light propagation and thus are capable of creating photonic bandgaps in the frequency domain. We propose using nano photonic crystals as sensors to detect microdamage in composite materials. We demonstrate using a simulation model that a nano photonic sensor attached to a composite bar experiences a significant change in its bandgap profile when damage is induced in the composite bar. The model predicts the frequency response of the nano photonic sensor using the transfer matrix method. A damage metric to evaluate the change in the frequency response is developed. Successful developments of nano photonic sensors allow damage identification at scales not ...

Science.gov (United States)

We have analyzed the MHD flow of a conducting couple stress fluid in a slit channel with rhythmically contracting walls. In this analysis we are taking into account the induced magnetic field. Analytical expressions for the stream function, the magnetic force function, the axial pressure gradient, the axial induced magnetic field and the distribution of the current density across the channel are obtained using long wavelength approximation. The results for the pressure rise, the frictional force per wave length, the axial induced magnetic field and distribution of the current density across the channel have been computed numerically and the results were studied for various values of the physical parameters of interest, such as the couple stress parameter ?, the Hartmann number M, the magnetic Reynolds number R and the time averaged mean flow ...

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Approximately 95% of the world`s integrated chips are packaged using a hot, high pressure transfer molding process. The stress created by the flow of silica powder loaded epoxy can displace the fine bonding wires and can even distort the metalization patterns under the protective chip passivation layer. In this study the authors developed a technique to measure the mechanical stress over the surface of an integrated circuit during the molding process. A CMOS test chip with 25 diffused resistor stress sensors was applied to a commercial lead frame. Both compression and shear stresses were measured at all 25 locations on the surface of the chip every 50 milliseconds during molding. These measurements have a fine time and stress resolution which should allow comparison with computer simulation of the molding process, thus allowing optimization of both the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The constituent phases and associated deformed microstructure of the quenched Ti-xNb-(0.5-1.5) at.% Si alloy consisting of non-cytotoxicity elements, where x = 24-30 at.%, were investigated to provide pseudoelasticity for biomedical and sensor applications. Optical microscopy revealed that stress-induced martensitic transformation takes place during the deformation in the present alloys. It is confirmed from the X-ray diffraction results of the deformed specimens that the crystal structure of the stress-induced martensite phase is the orthorhombic so-called #alpha#'' structure. Within the alloys having #beta#(bcc) phase studied Nb-poor region appeared to exhibit a dominant behavior for stress-induced martensitic transformation than Nb-rich region. This result suggests that metastable #beta# phase is superior to stable #beta# phase for the occurrence of stress-induced martensitic ...

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A discussion of how stress and strain affect the quantities which can be measured in an NQR experiment shows that, for stresses of the magnitude to be expected at depths up to about 10,000 feet, quadrupole coupling constants will fall in the range of 1 to 10 kHz for both the sodium and chloride ions in NaCl. The most promising system involves pulsed nuclear double resonance detection; and alterative is to observe the quadrupolar splitting of the NMR signal. Choices to be made in the measurement and mapping techniques are discussed. The well-known perturbation of the homogenous stress field in the neighborhood of a borehole is shown to be advantageous from the point of view of obtaining directional information on the stress. Construction and operation of a borehole stress sensor are considered. The NQR technique seems feasible for measuring the magnitude and ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been prepared and used as an immobilization matrix for the fabrication of solid-state tris(2,2prime-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+) electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor. The pre-synthesized maghemite (g-Fe2O3) MNPs were coated with poly(3-thiopheneacetic acid) based on an oxidative polymerization method using KMnO4. The poly(3-thiopheneacetic acid)-coated MNPs have formed the clusters with average diameter of 200-500nm. The multilayer films of poly(3-thiopheneacetic acid)-coated MNPs were uniformly formed on the surface of a Pt electrode by an external magnet. The Ru(bpy)32+ was rapidly incorporated into the multilayer films within 5min through the electrostatic interaction between the Ru(bpy)32+ and the negatively charged c...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We demonstrate detection of a single core-shell magnetite-silica nanoparticle (outer diameter #approx#120 nm, moment #approx#10"4#mu#_B) using an Nb dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) with the loop size of 350 nm operational at T < 10 K. The system noise was minimized down to 0.2 #mu##PHI#_0 Hz"-"1"/"2 using a cryogenic SQUID series array pre-amplifier. Initial measurements of an individual magnetic nanoparticle were performed and a clear change of the noise spectra of the nano-SQUID was detected at low frequencies in the presence of the nanoparticle. Similar behaviour was confirmed with an FePt nanoparticle with a larger magnetic moment (diameter #approx#150 nm, moment #approx#10"6#mu#_B). Thus, we demonstrate a magnetic sensor based on a dc nano-SQUID and enabling detection of small moments (potentially down to a few electron spins). Such a sensor is of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

It is suggested that the magnetic Ap stars can be rotationally decelerated to long periods by the braking action of the associated magnetic field on time scales of order 10"7--10"1"0 years depending on whether the star's dipole field is aligned perpendicular or parallel to the rotation axis. Rotation includes a toroidal magnetic field in the plasma surrounding a star, and the accompanying magnetic stresses produce a net torque acting to despin the star. These results indicate that it is not necessary to postulate mass loss or mass accretion for this purely hydromagnetic braking effect.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The present paper investigates the peristaltic transport of a couple stress fluid in an asymmetric channel with the effect of the induced magnetic field. The exact solutions of momentum and the magnetic field equations have been calculated under the assumptions of long wave length and low but finite Reynolds number. The expression for pressure rise has been computed numerically using mathematics software Mathematica. The graphical results have been presented to discuss the physical behavior of various physical parameters of interest. Finally, the trapping phenomena have been discussed for various physical parameters.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Eddy current inspection methods are widely used for the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of tubular products. Specifically, the sensors and instrumentation are designed to detect and characterize changes in a material's electrical and magnetic properties produced by the presence of discontinuities. A recent major enhancement in eddy current inspection technology has been the development of computer interfacing for data collection, analysis, and display. This breakthrough has led to multiple-frequency testing, eddy current imaging, and automated data interpretation systems that significantly enhance both capabilities and reliability of the eddy current inspection. In addition to the clear advantages in data processing, computer interfacing also permits the design and creation of unique sensors that further enhance eddy current inspection capabilities. Perhaps the most promising area of computer interactive probe ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Superconducting magnetic and inertial energy pulsed power systems are being developed for future theta-pinch, Tokamak, and laser fusion applications. The short term requirements for these applications are discussed along with present day accomplishments. Areas requiring a research and development effort are examined in detail. Subjects discussed include stresses, energy loss factors, conductor metallurgy, cryogenic requirements, and electrical limitations of superconducting magnetic storage systems; costs, applications, and present technology of homopolar systems; and switching problems associated with both systems.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper is devoted to investigate the influences of thermal dispersion and magnetic field on a hot semi-infinite vertical porous plate embedded in a saturated Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkman porous medium. The coefficient of thermal diffusivity has been assumed to be the sum of the molecular diffusivity and the dynamic diffusivity due to mechanical dispersion. The effects of transverse magnetic field parameter (Hartmann number Ha), Reynolds number Re (different velocities), Prandtl number Pr (different types of fluids) and dispersion parameter on the wall shear stress and the heat transfer rate are discussed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the accuracy of different force calculation methods and their impact on mechanical deformations. For this purpose, a micrometer scaled actuator is considered, which consists of a micro-coil and of a permanent magnet (PM) embedded in a deformable elastomeric layer. Design/methodology/approach - For the magnetic field evaluation a hybrid numerical approach (finite element method/boundary element method (FEM/BEM) coupling and a FEM/BEM/Biot-Savart approach) is used, whereas FEM is implemented for the mechanical deformation analysis. Furthermore, for the magneto-mechanical coupling several force calculation methods, namely the Maxwell stress tensor, the virtual work approach and the equivalent magnetic sources methods, are considered and co...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The design and material characteristics of garter spring were summarized and Nondestructive detection techniques of garter spring were also described. In particular, Eddy current testing of loose type garter spring was used in Wolsung unit 1 and was described in detail. The inspection technique of tight type garter spring has not been established and all candidated techniques were investigated in order to choose the possible detection technique. Candidated nondestructive techniques including RFEC, PEC, Magnetic technique using GMR sensor, AE, Guided Wave technique, and high frequency ultrasonic technique, are summarized for evaluating the detectability of tight garter spring.

Science.gov (United States)

Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) has been used with Eddy current testing to detect small defects not only in thin film structures but also in multilayered metallic structures. This work detected small scratches in the thin film under the surface where these defects were unable to be inspected or monitored by regular testing. In addition, rotational GMR magnetic sensor based Eddy current probes were used for detecting buried corner cracks at the edge of holes in metallic structures. The results of this study proved that giant magnetoresistance is very powerful and effective to sense the magnetic field, which is the result from the perturbation of the Eddy currents caused by a defect. This method can be used for quality control of metallization layers on silicon wafer and to detect cracks in thick structures such as cracks in aging aircraft.

Science.gov (United States)

MAGNETIC FORMING .............. MAGNETIC INDUCTION ............ MAGNETIC MATERIALS ............ MAGNETIC MEASUREMENT .......... MAGNETIC PERMEABILITY . ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

During thirty years the techniques used for sensing the environment have changed dramatically. This paper describes the latest generation of sensors available. This new generation of sensors includes those two most critical gas sensors for methane and carbon monoxide and new sensors for airflow and air temperature. When these sensors are combined with the new sensors for machine condition monitoring it forms the heart of the Sentex system. 2 figs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The electromagnetic properties that present hydrogen and other nucleus of agro-alimentary products, have allowed widely use of magnetic resonance (MR) to study the composition and internal structure of these biological materials in a micro and macroscopic scale, in a nondestructive way. In this paper the physical principles, basic equipment to measure the MR signals and the MR imaging of any biological sample, are explained. It is also shown a review of the main agro-alimentary applications, emphasizing in the use of this principle to examine the internal quality of fruits and vegetables. In these products, the MR has been used to detect and follow the evolution of different factors that determine the internal quality after harvesting, during storage and after post harvesting processes. The main studies that have been conducted with MR in harvested products are about physiological disorders that take place during storage and conservation of fruits in controlled and ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADD811953. Title : Use of Computer Vision and Force Sensors for Tight Tolerance Assembly. Descriptive ...

Science.gov (United States)

... is the sensor that converts incoming photons into a ... with CCD foundries to acquire such a sensor. ... 2007, Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, 44, 910 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nowadays, diamond and the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) colour centres constitute the best solid-state system in view of quantum-computing applications. It has also been shown recently that single NV centres could be used as nanoscale magnetic sensors. Such applications require the creation of single NV centres with very high resolution and with a high efficiency. The nano-implanter at the university of Bochum provides low energy nitrogen ions which can be implanted through a hole pierced in the tip of an atomic force microscope. Ultrapure diamond samples have been implanted with spot sizes of 50nm and less. Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy has been used to characterise and resolve the implanted spots.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Recent advances made in the area of amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys exhibiting high saturation inductions are reviewed. A new chemical composition was identified that achieves a saturation induction of 1.64 T in an iron-based amorphous alloy. This alloy, when used in electrical transformers, shows a much improved performance over the existing amorphous alloy. Nanocrystalline FeCoCuNbSiB alloys are found to have saturation induction levels reaching 1.7 T. These materials are suited for use in sensors and inductors carrying large currents. Some of these nanocrystalline alloys show a BH squareness ratio exceeding 90%, which can be utilized in pulse power devices. Recent developments in the applications of these materials are also pointed out.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the framework of the RIM (Russian Italian mission) program, PAMELA is the experiment devoted to the accurate measurement of the positron and antiproton spectra from the very low energy thresh-old of 100 MeV up to more than 50 GeV, and to hunt antinuclei with sensitivity better than 10{sup -7} in the helium/helium ratio. A permanent magnet equipped by microstrip silicon sensors, measures the particle momentum with MDR=400 GV/c on GF=25 cm{sup 2} sr. An accurate ToF system, a 19 X{sub o} deep imaging calorimeter, an aerogel Cherenkov counter and a TRD detector complement the spectrometer in order an efficient e{sup +-}/p{sup +-} separation and some light isotope identification capability. The PAMELA experiment will be carried out on a 700 km high polar orbit, on board of the Earth-observation meteor-3A satellite, to be launched at the end of 1988.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There is a rapidly growing need to evaluate sensor network functionality and performance in the context of the larger environment of infrastructure and applications in which the sensor network is organically embedded. This need, which is motivated by complex applications related to national security operations, leads to a paradigm fundamentally different from that of traditional data networks. In the sensor networks of interest to us, the network dynamics depend strongly on sensor activity, which in turn is triggered by events in the environment. Because the behavior of sensor networks is sensitive to these driving phenomena, the integrity of the sensed observations, measurements and resource usage by the network can widely vary. It is therefore imperative to accurately capture the environmental phenomena, and drive the simulation of the sensor network operation ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... range magnetic fields magnetic susceptibility magnetization neutron diffraction

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We report for the first time about a micromachined mass flow sensor directly integrated between the double guidance and the needle seat into the body of a Common Rail (CR) injection nozzle. The thermal measurement principle was chosen because gaseous as well as liquid mass flows can be determined fast and precisely. Additionally, with glass-ceramic materials fabricated in a low cost batch process, a high temperature and especially pressure stable substrate can be used. The flow sensitive thin film is realized by an e-beam evaporated 110 nm thick molybdenum (Mo) layer. The latter is electrically characterized by the resistivity of {rho} = 8.2 x 10{sup -7} {omega} m ({+-}2%) at room temperature as well as by the first {alpha}=4.5 x 10{sup -4} K{sup -1} ({+-}5%) and second {beta}=3.0 x 10{sup -6} K{sup -2} ({+-}12%) temperature coefficients of resistance up to 300 C. The static temperature field at and around the thin film sensor on the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The effect of transverse magnetic field parameter (Hartmann number, Ha) Reynolds number (Re) and Prandtl number (Pr) on the mixed convection flow past a semi-infinite vertical porous plate in a non-Darcian porous medium with variable viscosity and porosity, viscous dissipation and fluid-solid thermal conductivity ratio in the presence of plate transpiration (lateral mass flux) is investigated theoretically and numerically using Keller`s implicit finite difference scheme. It is shown that the Harmann number acts as a retarding force and increases the momentum boundary layer thickness, analogous to the flow against a positive pressure gradient, simultaneously decreasing local skin friction (shear stress). The heat transfer rate is however enhanced by the magnetic field (for positive values of the Eckert number) since the fluid is heated and temperature gradients become reduced between the fluid and the plate, with important ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The operating principle is examined for an optical sensor for the angle of rotation of the drag ODUP-1 developed and manufactured by the VNII-1. Basic technical data are presented for the experimental model.

Science.gov (United States)

UUV coordination. Event Estimation. Threat assessment. (environment, intel). Adaptive Predictive. Controller. Mobile robot tasking. Static sensor operation ...

Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this study was to develop a simple motion measurement system with magnetic resonance (MR) compatibility and safety. The motion measurement system proposed here can measure 5-DoF motion signals without deteriorating the MR images, and it has no effect on the intense and homogeneous main magnetic field, the temporal-gradient magnetic field (which varies rapidly with time), the transceiver radio frequency (RF) coil, and the RF pulse during MR data acquisition. A three-axis accelerometer and a two-axis gyroscope were used to measure 5-DoF motion signals, and Velcro was used to attach a sensor module to a finger or wrist. To minimize the interference between the MR imaging system and the motion measurement system, nonmagnetic materials were used for all electric circuit components in an MR shield room. To remove the effect of RF pulse, an amplifier, modulation circuit, and power supply were ...

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A highly reliable control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) installed inside the reactor vessel has developed for use of an advanced marine reactor. This CRDM contributes to compactness and simplicity of the reactor system, and it can eliminate the possibility of a rod ejection accident. The CRDM works in the high temperature and high pressure water - 310degC and 12 MPa, the same atmosphere as the primary loop. Driving force is produced by a synchronous motor with the rotor of a permanent magnet, which has been developed. An innovative latch mechanism using separable ball nuts can latch driving shaft connecting the control rod and de-latch it for scram. The rod position detector using a magnetostrictive wire type sensor on the principle of Wiedeman effect has been developed, accuracy of which is verified to have a detecting error within 1.2 mm. Ball bearings for thrust and radial supports in rotation have been developed to be capable of working under ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The development of solid state chemical sensors, and more specifically of gas sensors, is carried out with great strength in the present time since the environmental pollution and the security in work and domestic ambient are problems of great interest and social impact. The main fields of application, are: automobile, domestic sensors, control of industrial process, bio medicine, environment. These chemical sensors are experimenting a great advance because of the advantages they offer, as low cost, simple operation, possibility of measure continuous and ''In situ'' and small size, in contrast with analytical techniques that need complex instrumentation and large size equipments. In the present work, a sensor for CO detecting concentrations as low as 50 p.p.m., is studied showing great interest since this gas is highly toxic even to such a low ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Two mechanical design requirements are defined for the SSC Collider beam tube. First, the vacuum requirement (luminosity lifetime = 150 hrs). It requires the design of a pressure boundary within the cold mass vessel to provide a vacuum tunnel for the proton beam and to minimize the synchrotron radiation gas desorbtion with a suitable material. The Collider beam tube design is under an intensive activity to search for a material that will meet the luminosity requirement without a distributed pump or liner. Second is the tube wall's resistivity requirement ([sigma]*t = 2E5 [Omega][sup [minus]1]). For a 4.2 K beam tube the Cu thickness is 100 [mu]m (RRR=30,6.7 T, [sigma]=2E9[Omega][sup [minus]1]m[sup [minus]1]). The copper yield strength is relatively low in comparison to steel and, therefore, the design of the steel layer is governed by the copper layer yield stress limit. A beam tube subjected to eddy current load in a quenching dipole requires an optimum ...

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Experimental and theoretical research has been conducted jointly at the Livermore and Los Alamos National laboratories on dc electromagnetic railgun Lorentz accelerators. Pellets weighing a few grams to tens of grams have been launched at velocities up to better than 11 km/s. The research is addressed to attaining repeated launches of samples at hypervelocity in target impact experiments. In these experiments, shock-induced pressures in the tens of megabars range are obtained for high pressure equation-of-state research. Primary energy sources of the order of several hundred kJ to a MJ and induction currents of the order of 1 or more MA are necessary for these launches. Erosion and deformation of the conductor rails and the accelerated sample material are continuing problems. The heating, stress, and erosion resulting from simultaneous imposition of rail induction current, dense plasma (armature) interaction, current distribution, magnetic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Coilguns have the ability to provide magnetic pressure to projectiles which results in near constant acceleration. However, to achieve this performance and control projectile hearing, significant constraints are placed on the design of the coils. We are developing coils to produce an effective projectile base pressure of 100 MPa (1kbar) as a step toward reaching base pressures of 200 MPa. The design uses a scalable technology applicable to the entire range of breech to muzzle coils of a multi-stage launcher. This paper presents the design of capacitor-driven coils for launching nominal 50 mm, 350 gram projectiles. Design criteria, constraints, mechanical stress analysis, launcher performance, and test results are discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The plastic deformation behavior of formed CICC for the superconducting Tokamac fusion device was examined and appropriate manufacturing information was provided. A relation between travel of the bending roller and spring back displacement was obtained via virtual manufacturing. The radius of CICC after forming was expressed as a function of the bend-roll travel. The maximum von Mises stress after spring back was also monitored for the SAGBO prediction. Next, the variation of the CICC cross-sectional area was examined during the first turn and during conduit bending with the largest curvature. Finally, the coil radius was measured and compared with the data generated from the virtual manufacturing. The measured data showed similar pattern as predicted one. Using the mapping function found to match with the real data, the data from the virtual manufacturing may facilitate accurate manufacturing.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A new foilless diode with a non-magnetically immersed cathode was recently designed and built for the Sandia Recirculating Linear Accelerator (RLA). Because there is also no radial component of electric field at the cathode, the electron beam starts almost parallel and is matched to a solenoidal transport system with minimum increase in divergence and radius. The electrode emission surface is specified by an area covered with felt which undergoes explosive electron emission at low electrical field stresses (60 kV/cm). The 1.7 MV, 4.8-kA produced beam is transported 1.5 meters to the injection region of the racetrack via a system of solenoids and focusing coils. The maximum transverse velocity component at injection point (1.5 m downstream from the cathode surface) is #beta# perpendicular = 0.03 and the radius r = 2.8 cm which give a quite small beam emittance #epsilon# = 0.08 rad-cm. Three- dimensional numerical simulations suggest that ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Future insertion quadrupoles with large apertures and high gradients will be required for the Phase II luminosity upgrade (10{sup 35} cm{sup -2}s{sup -1}) of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Although improved designs, based on NbTi, are being considered as an intermediate step for the Phase I upgrade, the Nb{sub 3}Sn conductor is presently the best option that meets the ultimate performance goals for both operating field and temperature margin. As part of the development of Nb{sub 3}Sn magnet technology, the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) developed and tested several 1-meter long, 90-mm aperture Nb{sub 3}Sn quadrupoles. The first two series of magnet used OST MJR 54/61 (TQ01 series) and OST RRP 54/61 (TQ02 series) strands. The third series (TQ03) used OST RRP 108/127 conductor. The larger number of sub-elements and the consequent reduction of the effective filament size, together with an increased fraction of copper and a lower Jc were ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Diamagnetic samples placed in a strong magnetic field and a magnetic field gradient experience a magnetic force. Stable magnetic levitation occurs when the magnetic force exactly counter balances...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

in pulse applications such as magnetic forming. ... In magnetic-forming electric circuitry, the ..... Aspects of Electrohydraulic land Magnetic Forming. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Senescence is regarded as a physiological response of cells to stress, including telomere dysfunction, aberrant oncogenic activation, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. This stress response has an antagonistically...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

A roller bearing hot box sensor utilizing a metallic temperature sensitive elongated wire element. The wire element contacts at temperatures in the range of about 125 F to about 225 F so that when the contraction movement of the wire is attached to a conn...

Science.gov (United States)

Four temperature sensors were provided instead of the previous two sensors. 4. ... Incoming signals from either one or two ground stations at a frequency of .... The propulsion subsystem consists of a single solid-propellant rocket motor. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Aug 25, 2004 ... Current Developments in Future Planetary Probe Sensors: .... Data: Outgoing and incoming EIA RS-422 interface for serial data transmission (for electrical purposes only, .... Milos, et. al, Journal of Spacecraft & Rockets 1999 ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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... from theory to practice will be significantly reduced while intrinsically revolutionizing the approach to engineering network security architectures. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This annex provides a description of the sensor schemes and the non-destructive testing (NDT) methods that have been investigated in this project. Acoustic emission and fibre optic sensors are described in some detail whereas only the key features of well-established NDT methods are presented. Estimates of the cost of different sensor systems are given and the advantages and disadvantages of the different schemes is discussed. (au)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The aim of this thesis is the study of new systems devoted to the real time neutron spectrometry and dosimetry. The microelectronics technologies have been used to research a micro system integrating sensor and data processing in real time. The multi range sensor is based on many pair of semiconductor diodes placed face to face and covered by lithium fluoride. The sensor has been designed and its behavior has been simulated. Its operating in reference neutrons beams has been analyzed. (A.L.B.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An apparatus for sensing chemicals over extended range of concentrations. In particular, first and second sensors each having separate, but overlapping ranges for sensing concentrations of hydrogen are provided. Preferably, the first sensor is a MOS solid state device wherein the metal electrode or gate is a nickel alloy. The second sensor is a chemiresistor comprising a nickel alloy.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The oxidative stress theory of aging predicts that manipulations that alter oxidative stress/damage will alter aging. The gold standard for determining whether aging is altered is lifespan,...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:4483135

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:476294

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the food, chemical and safety industry there is a demand for gas detectors for process control applications, like quality control of food or leakage control in chemical plants. Gas sensor array systems have the potential to be used in this areas, with the advantage of being also affordable systems compared to other systems like gaschromatographs (GC) or infrared detectors (NIR, FTIR). One of the main drawbacks of the gas sensors is their response to non interesting ambient factors like temperature, pressure and humidity. Metal oxide sensors (MOS) have a low ambient temperature and pressure dependency. Some of them (SnO + dopands) have some sensitivity to humidity. In many cases the response of the sensors is often non-linear, which implies a concentration dependant pattern of the samples. (orig.)

CERN Document Server

Specification of the steel sheet for the 300 GeV magnet system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... fields magnetic moments neel temperature neutron diffraction order-disorder

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

Discussion of an electrohydraulic and magnetic forming process

CERN Document Server

To establish secure (point-to-point and/or broadcast) communication channels among the nodes of a wireless sensor network is a fundamental task. To this end, a plethora of (socalled) key pre-distribution schemes have been proposed in the past. All these schemes, however, rely on shared secret(s), which are assumed to be somehow pre-loaded onto the sensor nodes. In this paper, we propose a novel method for secure initialization of sensor nodes based on a visual out-of-band channel. Using the proposed method, the administrator of a sensor network can distribute keys onto the sensor nodes, necessary to bootstrap key pre-distribution. Our secure initialization method requires only a little extra cost, is efficient and scalable with respect to the number of sensor nodes. Moreover, based on a usability study that we conducted, the method turns out to be quite ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Preshocking delays initiation of PBX-9404 and PBX-9501, relative to unshocked material. In PBX-9404 preshock experiments, a first shock of 2.3 GPa was followed 0.65 {mu}s later by a second shock of 5.6 GPa. In PBX-9501, a preshock of 2.8 GPa and 0.32 us duration was followed by an initiating shock of 6.0 GPA. Both PBX explosives show clear desensitization while the preshock persists. In PBX-9404, initiation of detonation occurs nearly as anticipated for the material, after coalescence of the preshock and main shock into a single wave. Multiple embedded magnetic gauges were used to measure the shock histories. Our data indicates a slightly longer run to detonation than expected, even though a single wave is initiating the material. A slight stress reduction at coalescence, as required by the shock dynamics, may be responsible for the overrun. A reactive waste is clearly evident while the preshock persists. The long run to detonation indicates ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Many mechanical parts are subjected to stresses and strains that may eventually lead to their failure. In order to prevent the costly delays associated with equipment down-time, many parts have to be tested for weaknesses and defects when machinery is constructed or dismantled for maintenance. These procedures are known as Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods. Five types of non-destructive testing methods routinely used are radiographic testing, ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle inspection, liquid penetrant testing and eddy current testing. Out of these five techniques industrial radiography plays an important role in non-destructive testing to reveal interior defects in materials. In radiography almost two-thirds of the radiation reaching the film is scattered radiation which does not form the image of defects. Scattered radiation generated inside and outside a material has a very large effect on sensitivity of flaw detection since it ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The treatment of bony, osteochondral, and ligamentous injuries of the tibio-talar requires precise preoperative planning by radiological investigation. This is essential to a correct understanding of the underlying pathology and will allow a proper classification of the injury, which is the basis of treatment. Conventional radiography using anteroposterior and lateral X-rays with comparative views of the noninjured side and, if necessary, rotated spot views and tomography are of high value especially in osteochondral fractures of the talus. Intraoperative control images in both planes after osteosynthesis are mandatory. For evaluation of the postoperative course and severity of arthrosis formation, the classification system of Bargon has proved its worth. In addition, tomography of the tibio-talar joint in two planes is useful especially in tibial pilon fractures, some malleolar fractures, and peripheral talar fractures. In talar fracture dislocations with concomitant compartment ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... magnetic susceptibility magnetization monocrystals neutron diffraction

CERN Document Server

Checks are performed on the alignment of the magnets in the LHC tunnel. It is vital that each magnet is placed exactly where it has been designed so that the path of the beam is precisely controlled.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The use of capacitance sensors for measuring phase concentrations in two-phase flow has gained popularity in recent years. In designing such sensors, there are many issues which must be considered in order to optimize performance: two-phase flow regime, permittivity of the phases, duct geometry, electrical shielding, desired spacial resolution of film thickness, and temperature variation in the flow field. These design issues are discussed and are used to optimize the design of a capacitance sensor which is used to measure vapor volume fraction in annular, two-phase vertical upflow and downflow in a square duct. The sensor was tested and implemented in a 12.7 mm square duct mounted in a flow boiling facility containing FC-72, a low permittivity dielectric fluid ({epsilon}{sub r} = 1.75). Using analytical modeling, an adjustable-length, parallel-plate design was developed and refined to achieve good ...

CERN Document Server

Wireless sensor networks can revolutionize soil ecology by providing measurements at temporal and spatial granularities previously impossible. This paper presents a soil monitoring system we developed and deployed at an urban forest in Baltimore as a first step towards realizing this vision. Motes in this network measure and save soil moisture and temperature in situ every minute. Raw measurements are periodically retrieved by a sensor gateway and stored in a central database where calibrated versions are derived and stored. The measurement database is published through Web Services interfaces. In addition, analysis tools let scientists analyze current and historical data and help manage the sensor network. The article describes the system design, what we learned from the deployment, and initial results obtained from the sensors. The system measures soil factors with unprecedented temporal precision. ...

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A risk-based sensor placement methodology is proposed to solve the problem of optimal location of sensors or detectors to protect population against the exposure to and effects of known and/or postulated chemical, biological, and/or radiological threats. Risk is calculated as a quantitative value representing population at risk from exposure against standard exposure levels. Historical meteorological data are used to characterize weather conditions as the frequency of wind speed and direction pairs. The meteorological data drive atmospheric transport and dispersion modeling of the threats, the results of which are used to calculate risk values. Sensor locations are determined via an iterative dynamic programming algorithm whereby threats captured or detected by sensors placed in prior stages are removed from consideration in subsequent stages. In addition to the risk-based placement algorithm, the ...

Science.gov (United States)

An instrument has been constructed for the measurement of residual stress in steel. If necessary, large objects can be examined in situ. An account is given of the principles and construction. A special stressing frame provides for calibration. An application to residual stress in gear blanks has established a systematic variation of surface stress with nickel content and confirmed the overall effect of the surface hardening treatment.

Science.gov (United States)

Systems MEMS sensors C11-20 Lifetime Distributions of Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors C11-22 Adhesion Strength of Advanced Polymer Films for Flexible and Rigid...

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Earlier studies had concluded that the preferred direction of the rocket nozzle should ..... Center had to redesign the sensor canisters, brackets and cable supports. ... depending on inspection of the quality of the incoming pictures in real-time. ...

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... 13 2.4 Inertial Navigation Error Model . . . . . ... sources such as electrical noise, thermal noise, etc. 2.4 Inertial Navigation Error Model ...

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Aug 20, 2009 ... gratings, used to precisely determine the energies of incoming ..... The rocket is wired throughout with more than 700 sensors ...

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... is the extended Kalman filter (EKF ... Kalman filters called sigma-point Kalman filters ... INFERENCE, *KALMAN FILTERING, *DRONES, *SITUATIONAL ...

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The potentials of the spherical sensor and nearby conductors are controlled by ... Incoming data are continuously monitored by algorithms in the software to ... launched together with FM5 (Rumba) by a Soyuz-Fregat rocket from Baikonur. ...

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The first space photographs were obtained from V-2 rockets fired upwards from the ..... Some fraction of the incoming solar radiation is reflected towards a sensor ...

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NO{sub x} compounds, specifically NO and NO{sub 2}, are pollutants and potent greenhouse gases. Compact and inexpensive NO{sub x} sensors are necessary in the next generation of diesel (CIDI) automobiles to meet government emission requirements and enable the more rapid introduction of more efficient, higher fuel economy CIDI vehicles. Because the need for a NO{sub x} sensor is recent and the performance requirements are extremely challenging, most are still in the development phase. Currently, there is only one type of NO{sub x} sensor that is sold commercially, and it seems unlikely to meet more stringent future emission requirements. Automotive exhaust sensor development has focused on solid-state electrochemical technology, which has proven to be robust for in-situ operation in harsh, high-temperature environments (e.g., the oxygen stoichiometric sensor). Solid-state ...

Science.gov (United States)

... TARGET SENSOR-MK 80 SERIES BOMBS ... 5-inch-, and 2.75-inch- diameter rocket motors that ... balance when compared to incoming solar radiation ...

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... 2.5.6 Development of Observation Equations . . . . . 25 2.6 Inertial Navigation Error Model . . . . . ... 2 , as expected. 2.6 Inertial Navigation Error Model ...

Science.gov (United States)

Sep 18, 2009 ... It is proposed to develop desensitized optimal filtering ... in robust and/or adaptive generalized Kalman and Sigma-Point filters for ...

Science.gov (United States)

Nov 5, 2010 ... PEM. The Particle Environment Monitor measures the type, amount, energy, ... info, Daily PEM HEPS and MEPS data at the original sensor ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Using a weighted linear regression on randomly selected coincident SSM/I-buoy pairs from each of the climate m codes, it was possible to produce ...

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... a Networked Embedded Sensing Toolkit (MSR Sense ... edging due to mis-registration than the ... Langrebe, Signal theory in multisensor remote sensing ...

Science.gov (United States)

... We use a compliant, sealed tube helically wrapped with an optical fiber. ... 2.5 cm diameter compliant, sealed tube 10 m < length < 120 m ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rare Earth Cobalt (REC) permanent magnets have unique properties that permit solutions to some optical tasks that cannot be accomplished with conventional magnets. A review of design and of performance characteristics of these magnets includes an analytical description of the three dimensional fringe fields of REC quadrupoles.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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J-STORE (Japan)

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Science.gov (United States)

Destress blasting is commonly used as a stress control technique at the Galena Mine, Wallace, Idaho, where the U.S. Bureau of Mines maintains a cooperative research program with the mine operators (ASARCO). A digital seismic array and an array of borehole...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background. The Free Radical Theory of Aging mechanistically links oxidative stress to aging. Okinawa has among the world's longest-lived populations but oxidative stress in this...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The alternative sigma factor ς^B of Bacillus subtilis is required for the induction of approximately 100 genes after the imposition of a whole range of stresses and...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Social stress is prevalent in many facets of modern society. Epidemiological data suggest that stress is linked to the development of overweight, obesity and metabolic disease. Although there...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The AP-0 Target Hall Collection Lens is a pulsed device which focuses anti-protons just downstream of the Target. Since the angles at which the anti-protons depart the Target can be quite large, a very high focusing strength is required to maximize anti-proton capture into the downstream Debuncher Ring. The current design of the Collection Lens was designed to operate with a focusing gradient of 1,000 T/m. However, multiple failures of early devices resulted in lowering the normal operating gradient to about 750 T/m. At this gradient, the Lens design fares much better, lasting several million pulses, but ultimately still fails. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been performed on this Collection Lens design to help determine the cause and/or nature of the failures. The Collection Lens magnetic field is created by passing high current through a central conductor cylinder. A uniform current distribution through the cylinder will create a tangential or azimuthal ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... radiations isotopes magnetic moments nuclear cascades nuclear properties

Science.gov (United States)

... in the design of such devices as fusion reactors, magnetohydrodynamic generators, magnetically levitated vehicles, magnetic forming devices, and ...

Science.gov (United States)

Decoupling force exerted by magnetic forming Be coil assembly on metallic plate during forming

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Residual stresses are present in engineering components as an unintended consequence of manufacturing processes, but they are also deliberately introduced to beneficial effect during surface engineering procedures. Plasma nitriding is a process of particular importance for forming tools and dies, giving significant advantages in wear, and fatigue resistance through the generation of near-surface compressive residual stresses. A precise knowledge of the level and distribution of residual stresses that exist in engineering components is necessary for an accurate design and prediction of a component's fatigue resistance. However, measurement of residual stresses is not always possible, which is especially true for forming tools. Therefore, other methods for residual stress evaluation and pred...

Science.gov (United States)

It is shown that the method used for comparing theoretical and experimental results is erroneous and the values of the couple stress parameters obtained for blood flow are incorrect. A method for determining the couple stress parameters is presented. The computational work in the improved method is considerably less. It is observed that both the couple stress parameters are functions of concentration. An empirical relation between concentration and the stress parameters is obtained. The shear viscosity and non-dimensional axial velocity are functions of concentration. Some uses of determining the values of the couple stress parameters are suggested.

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADD421949. Title : Ultimate Compressive Strength and Nonlinear Stress-Strain Curves of Graphite/Epoxy Laminates,. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Like few other organs, the skin is continuously exposed to multiple exogenous and endogenous stressors. Superimposed on this is the impact of psychological stress on skin physiology and pathology....Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A highly sensitive and stable tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)_3 "2"+) electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor was developed based on carbon nanotube (CNT) dispersed in mesoporous composite films of sol-gel titania and perfluorosulfonated ionomer (Nafion). Single-wall (SWCNT) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) can be easily dispersed in the titania-Nafion composite solution. The hydrophobic CNT in the titania-Nafion composite films coated on a glassy carbon electrode certainly increased the amount of Ru(bpy)_3 "2"+ immobilized in the ECL sensor by adsorption of Ru(bpy)_3 "2"+ onto CNT surface, the electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of hydrophobic analytes, and the electronic conductivity of the composite films. Therefore, the present ECL sensor based on the CNT-titania-Nafion showed improved ECL sensitivity for tripropylamine (TPA) compared to the ECL sensors based on ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The proposed device incorporates an axle which has a roller bearing support mounted upon it. This support uses a cylindrical sleeve that comes in contact with the housing, the sensors, and the bearing support component. Metering accuracy is improved by placing roller bearing supports into grooves running through the protruding center sections of the sensor elements. These roller bearing supports interface with the cylindrical sleeve.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A piezoelectric biosensor substrate useful for immobilizing biomolecules in an oriented manner on the surface of a piezoelectric sensor has a ladder polymer of polyacrylonitrile. To make the substrate, a solution of an organic polymer, preferably polyacrylonitrile, is applied to the surface of a piezoelectric sensor. The organic polymer is modifying by heating the polymer in a controlled fashion in air such that a ladder polymer is produced which, in turn, forms the attachment point for the biomolecules comprising the piezoelectric biosensor. 3 figs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This comprehensive, critical review summarizes the use of nanoparticles in enhanced and amplified chemiluminescence detection, illustrated by different reaction strategies, electrogenerated chemiluminescence sensors, immunoassay or hybridization labels and electrogenerated chemiluminescence immunoassay or hybridization sensors. We discuss the analytical applications on the basis of validity, range and sensitivity, and draw some useful conclusions about the most sensitive approach in each type of application.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Real-time horizon sensing on continuous mining machines is becoming an industry tool. Installation and testing of production-grade Horizon Sensor (HS) systems continued this quarter at Monterey Coal Company (ExxonMobil), Mountain Coal Company West Elk Mine (Arch), and Ohio Valley Coal Company (OVC). Monitoring of system function, user experience, and mining benefits is ongoing. All horizon sensor components have finished MSHA (U.S.) and IEC (International) certification.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The application of airborne sensors for providing environmental assessment and monitoring of a test site in an open cast mining area that is part of a lignite deposit in central Germany is described. Hyperspectral remote sensing data from three different sensors were tested. The hyperspectral scanner data was suitable for classification of different sediments and vegetation types and the water chemistry of residual mining lakes. Summary form only. 1 tab.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A non-contact method, using magnetic drag force principle, was proposed to design the braking systems to improve the shortcomings of the conventional braking systems. The extensive literature detailing all aspects of the magnetic braking is briefly reviewed, however little of this refers specifically to upright magnetic braking system, which is useful for industries. One of the major issues to design upright magnetic system is to find out the magnetic flux. The changing magnetic flux induces eddy currents in the conductor. These currents dissipate energy in the conductor and generate drag force to slow down the motion. Therefore, a finite element model is developed to analyze the phenomena of magnetic flux density when air gap and materials of track are varied. The verification shows the predicted magnetic flux is within ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The present investigation deals with the fabrication of liquid petroleum gas (LPG) sensor based on semiconducting oxide SnO{sub 2}. The gas sensor elements have been prepared by conventional solid state route. Addition of noble metal sensitizer, palladium and grain growth inhibitor, aluminum silicate to the base material SnO{sub 2}, not only improved the sensitivity towards LPG but also the selectivity in the presence of CO and CH{sub 4} gases. Out of various sensor compositions, SnO{sub 2}:Al{sub 2}Si{sub 2}O{sub 7} (35 wt.%):Pd (1.5 wt.%) sintered at 800 C for 5 h has shown high sensitivity (0.97) towards LPG at an operating temperature of 350 C. Different characterization techniques have been employed, such as differential thermal analysis (DTA), surface area analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), to study the formation of SnO{sub 2}, surface area and crystallite size, respectively. The results suggested the possibility of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Several recent experiments on micro- (or nano-) structured samples of ferromagnetic materials are introduced. Magnetization reversal phenomena are investigated on submicron wire samples of trilayer structure using the giant magnetoresistance effect. Domain wall movements are sensitively monitored by resistivity measurements and the velocity of propagation is determined. The contribution of domain wall to the resistivity is argued from the results on artificially designed samples of a spring-magnet system. In circular dots of permalloy, the existence of vortex magnetization is confirmed and the reversal of the vortex core magnetization is studied from magnetic force microscopy measurements. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:747753

Science.gov (United States)

The threshold stress itensities for stress corrosion crack propagation in beta titanium alloy 38-6-44, Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr, has been determined in salt water and methanolic solutions. The alloy was immune to stress corrosion cracking in aqueous sodium c...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

... THE STRENGTH, TOUGHNESS, AND STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING SUSCEPTIBILITY OF A METASTABLE BETA TITANIUM ALLOY (Ti-11. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Not Available

Science.gov (United States)

... Attributes and limitations of the charac- terization framework are illustrated through comparison with experimental PLZT data. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three-dimensional dynamics of a compact toroid (CT) plasmoid, which is injected into a magnetized target plasma region is investigated by using magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical simulations. It is found that the process of the CT penetration into this region is much more complicated than what has been analyzed so far by using a conducting sphere (CS) model. The injected CT suffers from a tilting instability, which grows with the similar time scale as the CT penetration. The instability is accompanied by magnetic reconnection between the CT magnetic field and the target magnetic field, which disrupts the magnetic configuration of the CT. Magnetic reconnection plays a role to supply the high density plasma initially confined in the CT magnetic field into the target region. Also, the penetration depth of the CT high density plasma is ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The shot peening of the outer surface of Alloy 800 is proposed by the steam generator supplier in order to increase the stress corrosion cracking resistance of the tubes. The benefits and drawbacks of such a treatment are evaluated, focusing on the main concern i.e. a possible enhanced tendency of stress corrosion cracking at the transition of the expanded tube-to-tubesheet joint. Stress corrosion tests as well as residual stresses measurements demonstrate no significant difference between peened and unpeened tubes at that location. The other concerns such as stability of the compressive stresses, increased risk of pitting or intergranular attack and pollution of the secondary circuit by fragmented beads appear the as minor concerns.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Potassium clusters arrayed in zeolite A are known to show ferromagnetic properties at low temperature. The origin of the spontaneous magnetization has been explained by a model of spin-canting in an antiferromagnetically ordered state. The direct information for the magnetic structure, however, has not been obtained so far. In the present work, we measure the neutron powder diffraction by using pulsed neutron source at KEK-KENS below and above the Curie temperature. No significant temperature-dependence was, however, obtained within the statistical errors, namely, magnetic scattering could not be detected separately. We also estimate the intensity of magnetic scattering by assuming some possible magnetic structures with considering the magnetic form factor of the cluster wave function. The intensity of magnetic scattering is estimated to be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A number of interactions between magnetic fields and matter is reviewed. The resulting forces range in magnitude from the very large, obtained in high-energy fields, to the weak ones caused by the magnetostriction of ferromagnets. The fundamentals of these interactions are highlighted, and the examples discussed are forces on dipoles, particle alignment, magnetostrictive forces, magnetic forming, magnetic stirring, levitation melting, and magnetic pulsing of tool steels. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This is the final report of a three year DOE funded project titled ''A real-time coal content/ore grade (C{sub 2}OG) sensor''. The sensor, which is based on hyperspectral imaging technology, was designed to give a machine vision assay of ore or coal. Sensors were designed and built at Resonon, Inc., and then deployed at the Stillwater Mining Company core room in southcentral Montana for analyzing platinum/palladium ore and at the Montana Tech Spectroscopy Lab for analyzing coal and other materials. The Stillwater sensor imaged 91' of core and analyzed this data for surface sulfides which are considered to be pathfinder minerals for platinum/palladium at this mine. Our results indicate that the sensor could deliver a relative ore grade provided tool markings and iron oxidation were kept to a minimum. Coal, talc, and titanium sponge samples ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Mesoporous films of platinized carbon nanotube-zirconia-Nafion composite have been used for the immobilization of tris(2,2prime-bipyridyl)ruthenium (II) (Ru(bpy)32+) on an electrode surface to yield a solid-state electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor. The composite films of Pt-CNT-zirconia-Nafion exhibit much larger pore diameter (3.55 nm) than that of Nafion (2.82 nm) and thus leading to much larger ECL response for tripropylamine (TPA) because of the fast diffusion of the analyte within the films. Due to the conducting and electrocatalytic features of CNTs and Pt nanoparticles, their incorporation into the zirconia-Nafion composite films resulted in the decreased electron transfer resistance within the films. The present ECL sensor based on the Pt-CNT-zirconia-Nafion gave a lin...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this work, we have investigated the capability of different bimetallic nanoparticle alloy combinations to be used in fibre optic sensors based on the technique of surface plasmon resonance. The metals considered for this analysis are silver, gold, copper and aluminium. The performance of the sensor with different bimetallic nanoparticle alloy combinations is evaluated and compared numerically. The performance is analysed in terms of three parameters: sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and operating range for the sensing layer refractive index values. On the basis of the comparison and some logistic criteria, the best possible bimetallic alloy combinations along with a requisite alloy composition ratio are predicted. The bimetallic nanoparticle alloy combination is capable of simultaneously providing larger values of sensitivity, SNR and operating range, which is not possible with any single metallic nanoparticle layer.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We described the use of silica nanoparticles as building blocks for the immobilization of electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) reagent Ru(bpy)_3"2"+ and the fabrication of layer-by-layer assembly film by alternating the deposition of the Ru(bpy)_3"2"+-doped silica nanoparticles and Au nanoparticles. UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry and ECL were used to characterize the uniform growth of the multilayer film. Since Ru(bpy)_3"2"+ could still maintain its ECL property when doped into the silica nanoparticles, the as-prepared multilayer film could be used as an effective ECL sensor, and the sensor showed high sensitivity and good stability.

CERN Document Server

The Multiconjugate Adaptive optics Demonstrator (MAD) has successfully demonstrated on sky both Star Oriented (SO) and Layer Oriented (LO) multiconjugate adaptive optics techniques. While SO has been realized using 3 Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors (WFS), we designed a multi-pyramid WFS for the LO. The MAD bench accommodates both WFSs and a selecting mirror allows choosing which sensor to use. In the LO approach up to 8 pyramids can be placed on as many reference stars and their light is co-added optically on two different CCDs conjugated at ground and to an high layer. In this paper we discuss LO commissioning phase and on sky operations.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) sensor for itopride was developed based on tris(2,2-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)32+)-doped silica (RuDS) nanoparticles/biopolymer chitosan composites membrane modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The RuDS nanoparticles (52+-5nm) were prepared by a modified Stber synthesis method and were characterized by electrochemical, fluorometric and transmission electron microscopy technology. The Ru(bpy)32+ encapsulation interior of the silica nanoparticle maintains its electrochemical activities and also reduces Ru(bpy)32+ leaching from the silica matrix when immersed in water due to the electrostatic interaction. The ECL analytical performances of this ECL sensor for itopride based on its enhancement ECL emission of Ru(bpy)32+ were investigated in d...

CERN Document Server

Silicon sensors have about ten times improved radiation hardness around 130 K temperature, compared with the state-of-art sensors close to room temperature. This is based on the Lazarus effect studied by the RD39 Collaboration of CERN. Other benefits of low temperatures will also be discussed. We shall describe the conceptual design of low-mass detector modules cooled using two-phase flow of argon in miniature cooling pipes integrated in the module structure between the sensors and the readout hybrid circuit. The main engineering features of the cooling system and mechanical support structures are discussed, as well as the benefits arising from the operation of the tracker under cryogenic vacuum. 4 Refs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper describes the design, fabrication and application of a micro-fabricated salinity sensor system. The theoretical electrochemical behaviour is described using electrical equivalent diagrams and simple scaling properties are investigated analytically and numerically using finite element method (FEM). The chip design and fabrication is described and measurement results of two different electrode designs are presented. The 4mm Formula Not Shown 4mm multi-sensor allows for salinity determination with an accuracy of Formula Not Shown 0.5psu through determination of the electrical conductivity, temperature and pressure with accuracies of Formula Not Shown 0.6mS, Formula Not Shown 0.065 Formula Not Shown C and Formula Not Shown 0.05bar, respectively.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The problem of passively tracking a moving signal source has importance in a variety of applications such as radar, sonar, seismology, and radio astronomy. In many applications, only limited information is available about the signal source. It will be assumed here that only the signals which are detected by the sensors and the velocity of the source signal are known. The objective of this document is to present a program which passively tracks a target using an array of sensors. This program is available in MATLAB, version 3.5. The algorithm which is implemented consists of three main parts: time delay estimation, passive localization, and data post processing. Each of these parts are discussed, and the mathematical foundation for their solution given. Following, this the organization of the program is presented, and an example of its usage is given.

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The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has developed a mobile field laboratory for remote measurement of atmospheric processes and observables that are important in global climate change, dispersal of hazardous materials, and atmospheric pollution. Specific observables of interest are water vapor, trace gases, aerosol size and density, wind, and temperature. The goal is to study atmospheric processes continuously for extended periods in remote field locations. This laboratory has just reached field ready status with sensors for aerosol and trace gas measurement based on established techniques. A development program is underway to enhance the sensor suite with several new techniques and instruments that are expected to significantly extend the state of the art in remote trace gas analysis. The new sensors will be incorporated into the lab during the next two years.

Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english We present a detailed derivation of the effective dielectric constant to be used in the dispersion relation for electrostatic waves in the case of a plasma immersed in a inhomogeneous magnetic field, with inhomogeneity perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An analytic model of magnetic torques applied to an accreting neutron star is employed to evaluate the magnetic dipole moments of x-ray pulsars. A new type of close binary system containing a neutron star is suggested.

Science.gov (United States)

The past decade has seen the development of eddy current probes for inspection of the mildly ferro-magnetic alloy Monel 400. Due to the rapid advances in permanent magnet technology similar probes have been upgraded to magnetically saturate, and hence ins...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Anisotropy finite element analysis was performed to study stresses associated with the tetragonal precipitates and the tetragonal to monoclinic transformation in MgO partially stabilized zirconia. Stresses were assumed to be caused by the lattice misfits between the product phase and the parent phase. In the finite element calculations, the tetragonal and monoclinic precipitates were assumed to be lenticular in shape, and the anisotropic elastic constants of the cubic, tetragonal and monoclinic phases were considered. The purpose of this paper is to obtain some knowledge about how stresses respond when the microstructure is changed, and how stress fields affect microstructure development. The finite element results show that increasing a{sub t}/a{sub c} and decreasing c{sub t}/a{sub c} can create a favorable stress field to reduce the growth rate of tetragonal precipitates during ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Coilguns have demonstrated their capability to launch projectiles to 1 km/s, and there is interest in their application for long-range precision strike weapons. However, the incorporation of cooling systems for repetitive operation will impact the mechanical design and response of the future coils. To assess the impact of such changes, an evaluation of the ruggedness and reliability of the existing 50 mm bore coil designed in 1993 was made by repeatedly testing at stress levels associated with operation in a coilgun. A two-coil testbed has been built with a static projectile where each coil is energized by its own capacitor bank. Simulation models of the applied forces generated in this testbed have been created with the SLINGSHOT circuit code to obtain loads equivalent to the worst-case anticipated in a 50 mm coilgun that could launch a 236 g projectile to 2 km/s. Bench measurements of the seven remaining coils built in 1993 have been used to evaluate which coils ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The structural transition and anomalous properties of the high temperature A-15 superconductors have been investigated from two different standpoints. The first is a Landau theory based on Gorkov's physical model of a Peierls-like charge density wave (CDW) transition involving electronic CDW order parameters coupled to phonon coordinates. Pretransition elastic anomalies, softening of the [1 anti 10] transverse ([1 anti 10] polarized) phonon, sublattice distortions, variation of transition temperature with stress and alloying and other effects have been accurately predicted, and a detailed comparison is made with experimental results. Central peaks in neutron scattering are shown to be non-dynamic in nature and no pretransition forbidden (300) reflection is predicted. The GAMMA_1_2 optic mode does not go soft at the transition, though its frequency is expected to be temperature dependent right up to room temperature. A tight binding, two (3-D) band model of the A-15 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Parameters of permanent magnets result from the combination of intrinsic properties such as saturation magnetization, magnetic exchange, and magnetocrystalline energy, as well as microstructural parameters such as phase structure, grain size, and orientation. Reduction of grain size into nanocrystalline regime (#approx# 50 nm) leads to the enhanced remanence which derives from ferromagnetic exchange coupling between highly refined grains. In this study the fundamental phenomena, quantities, and structure parameters, which define nanophase permanent magnets are presented and discussed. The theoretical considerations are confronted with experimental data for nanocrystalline Sm-Fe-N type permanent magnets. (author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVE--The study was performed to examine the influence of the exposure to magnetic fields in the potrooms of an electrolysis plant on the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms among the employees....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) focusing solenoid magnets focus the muon beam within the MICE cooling channel on a liquid or solid absorber that is within the warm bore of solenoid. The focusing magnet has a warm bore of 470 mm. his magnet consists of two coils 210-mm long that is separated by an aluminum mandrel that is 200 mm long. Each of the coils has its own leads. The coils may be operated in either the non-flip mode (solenoid mode with both coils at the same polarity) or the lip mode (quadrupole focusing mode where both coils are at opposite polarity). This report describes the focusing solenoid magnet design that will be built by the vendor. The progress on the construction of the first of the focusing magnets will also be discussed in this report. Ultimately three of these magnets will be built. These magnets will be ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 31. New electric forming methods offer potentials for light metals; magnetic forming and plasma forming. ... 3, 25 Magnetic Forming ..... ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Highly ordered arrays of Ni nanoholes and Fe20Ni80 antidots have been prepared, respectively, by replica/antireplica processing and sputtering techniques using nanoporous alumina membranes as templates. Geometrical characteristics as nanohole/antidot diameter, interpore distance and the overall hexagonal symmetry of arrays are controlled through the original templates. Experimental data on their hysteresis and magnetic domain structure have been taken by vibrating sample magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy, respectively. An analysis of the magnetization process, resulting magnetic anisotropy and magnetic domain structure is summarized considering the influence of those geometry aspects. In particular, the hexagonal symmetry and the density of nanohole/antidots determine the overall magnetic behavior, which is of interest in future high-density ...

Science.gov (United States)

... M(TH) in applied magnetic fields up to ± 7 T and for temperatures ranging from 2 to 300 K. The superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior of these metallic ...

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Development of Portable Normobaric Hypoxia and Pulsed Magnetic Field Firmware System for Enhancement of Radio- and Non-specific Resistance in Workers of Environmentally Hazardous Industries

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... dipole moments magnetic fields monocrystals neutron diffraction order-disorder

Science.gov (United States)

With the increased costs of maintaining boilers and chillers entrepreneurs around the country have offered magnetic and similar devices to facilities as viable alternatives to their maintenance program. This report gives a brief history of some of the pre...

Science.gov (United States)

Magnetic coil pressure wave generation for magnetic forming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

From optical point of view and due to the magnetic interaction of the cold neutrons with the unpaired electron shell, magnetic materials hae a neutron spin-dependent refractive index n[sup +] [spin up] and n[sup -] [spin down]. Magnetic media such as Fe, Co and Ni react like birefringent uniaxial crystals in ordinary optica. n[sup +] and n[sup -] are the equivalent of the ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices. The specular reflection of spin polarized neutrons which is due to the discontinuity of the magnetic induction at the surface of the ferromagnet is a sensitive probe of surface and interface magnetism. We shall first give the background of the art of polarized neutron optics. Secondly, some recent examples from surface and interface magnetism will be given to illustrate the power of this technique such as the magnetic coupling ...

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magnet research at several national laboratories through its Advanced Accelerator Technology Program. The HEP Conductor Development Program, a collaboration among national...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper studies the electrical characteristics of hydrogenated amorphous silicon thin-film transistors (a-Si:H TFTs) under flat and bending situations after AC/DC stress at different temperatures. Stress temperature was varied from 77K to 400K, and threshold voltage shifts were extracted to analyze degradation mechanisms. It was found that high temperature and mechanical bending played important roles under AC stress, with an enhanced stress effect resulting in a more serious degradation. This study also discusses the dependence between the accumulated sum of bias rising and falling time and the threshold voltage shifts under AC stress.

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The aim of this study is to develop the methodology which enables to identify the mechanical properties of element such as stress intensity factor by using the AE parameters. Considering the multivariate and nonlinear properties of AE parameters such as ringdown count, rise time, energy, event duration and peak amplitude from fatigue cracks of machine element the principal component regression(PCR) and artificial neural network(ANN) models for the estimation of stress intensity factor were developed and validated. The AE parameters were found to be very significant to estimate the stress intensity factor. Since the statistical values including correlation coefficients, standard mr of calibration, standard error of prediction and bias were stable, the PCR and ANN models for stress intensity factor were very robust. The performance of ANN model for unknown data of stress intensity ...

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Incoming solar energy had to be assimilated to sustain it. .... Roll stability was achieved with an Earth sensor mounted on the directional antenna. .... Once more a rocket becomes the means of producing a vector change in velocity. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Lists of reportable conditions and case definitions are important tools for epidemiologic surveillance. As part of an initiative to encourage occupational disease surveillance systems linked to intervention...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The plant hormone cytokinin is perceived by membrane-located sensor histidine kinases. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) possesses three cytokinin receptors: ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Peptide toxins with high affinity, divergent pharmacological functions, and isoform-specific selectivity are powerful tools for investigating the structure-function relationships of voltage-gated...Full Text Available

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Aerosol Polarimetry Sensor (APS) + Continuous along-track scanning ... side of the spacecraft and faces outward, measures the intensity of incoming solar ... on a larger rocket, and faced slightly different conditions in spaceinto Glory wasn't ...

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BackgroundThe Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci, GAS) two-component signal transduction system CovRS has been described to be important for pathogenesis...Full Text Available

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THEMIS-A: The Solid State Telescope (SST) measures the incoming intensity ... units (heads), each SST unit has two pairs of opposing ion and electron sensors. .... The five small satellites were launched together on a Delta II rocket and they ...

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Most palladium thin film based hydrogen gas sensors have response and recovery times that are too long to make them useful in vehicular and stationary gas leak detection applications. In contrast, a palladium-silver thin film based microcantilever (MC) hydrogen gas microsensor is reported herein with near ideal response characteristics for use in these hydrogen economy related applications. Specifically, 3-10 second response and recovery times have been measured for these sensors in contrast to previous sensor response measurements of several to tens of minutes using Pd thin film and MC based sensing techniques. The much reduced response times observed in the present study are attributed to a wet chemical Pd-Ag thin film deposition technique and a gas conditioning protocol that produces a highly nanostructured, porous film that rapidly adsorbs and desorbs H2, allowing rapid equilibration with the H2 concentration in the ...

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Mar 2, 2011 ... CCT's software is capable of simultaneously handling incoming ... has been using CCTK to automate its remote control rocket cryogenic fueling systems. ... seismic, infrared, and proximity sensor data with auto-tracking ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... NOU TsIPK; Obninsk (Russian Federation) 978-5-85855-125-6 208 p.

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Advanced aerospace vehicles and system components tend to be slim and elastic, ...... In the manufacturing sector, semiconductor manufacturing requires ... The energy generation and storage for modern-day sensor networks, ...... Current NASA roadmaps point towards development of new hydrocarbon fueled engines. ...

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Equipped with terahertz sensors, the Aura mission will see far more ... We introduce you to a few amazing individuals, all sharing the dubious title of rocket scientist . And a ..... similar thing happens with incoming light. Astronomers call it the ...

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Study of cloud pictures taken from rockets, such as figure 1, indicates that it is .... One might visualize a "Satellite Weather Data Center" where incoming data would ... about 300 miles; satellite packaging, containing the sensors, storage, power, ...

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(accumulates & stores brine for disposal). Separator. (separates water from purge gases). ? Purge pump periodically vent ... Reactor Health. Sensor. ( verifies reactor is operating w/n limits) ... Waste and Hygiene Compartment ...

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It was thus actually the fourth stage of the rocket assembly. ... package, and several temperature sensors - was mounted in the cross-lattice frame. ... Earth's geomagnetic field and incoming charged particles from the Sun and extra-solar space. ...

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funded these sensors as the first Discovery Mission of. Opportunity, part of the ... aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket. .... the Swedes on other projects, mainly sounding rocket projects. ..... incoming applications for the Fellowship Program, fielding ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A silicon capacitive accelerometer was fabricated to detect subsurface elastic waves by using micromachining technology. Characteristics required for it call for capability of detecting acceleration with amplitudes from 0.1 to 1 gal and flat amplitude characteristics in frequency bands of 10 Hz to several kHz. For the purpose of measuring transition phenomena, linear phase characteristics in the required bands must be guaranteed, cross sensitivity must be small, and resistance to water, pressure and heat is demanded. Sensitivity of the sensor is determined finally by noise level in a detection circuit. The sensor`s minimum detection capability was 40 mgal in the case of the distance between a weight and an electrode being 3 {mu}m. This specification value is a value realizable by the current micromachining technology. Dimensions for the weight and other members were decided with the natural frequency to make band width 2 kHz set to 4 kHz. ...

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The goal of this LDRD was to demonstrate the use of robotic vehicles for deploying and autonomously reconfiguring seismic and acoustic sensor arrays with high (centimeter) accuracy to obtain enhancement of our capability to locate and characterize remote targets. The capability to accurately place sensors and then retrieve and reconfigure them allows sensors to be placed in phased arrays in an initial monitoring configuration and then to be reconfigured in an array tuned to the specific frequencies and directions of the selected target. This report reviews the findings and accomplishments achieved during this three-year project. This project successfully demonstrated autonomous deployment and retrieval of a payload package with an accuracy of a few centimeters using differential global positioning system (GPS) signals. It developed an autonomous, multisensor, temporally aligned, radio-frequency communication and signal ...

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... Rep. ISIS-04-504, Institute for Software Integrated Systems (2004). [59] G. Simon, M. Maroti, A. Ledeczi, G. Balogh, B. Kusy, A. Nadas, G. Pap, J ...

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properties such as effective particle size, thermody- namic phase (water, ice), cloud-top properties ...... Green, R.O., and J.E. Conel, 1995: Movement of ..... vertical hydrometeor profiles from passive micro- wave sensors. IEEE Trans. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aggregation of fine-resolution land-cover maps to coarser scales indicates that estimates of the proportions of land-cover types vary as a function of spatial resolution. The magnitude of these proportional errors in a forested area in northern California increase significantly as resolution exceeds a 90-m threshold. These errors could pose difficulties for the use of land-cover products generated from coarse-resolution sensors such as the NOAA-AVHRR and the MODIS sensor planned for the EOS program. The magnitude of the errors appears to be a function of the spatial resolution of the map, the original size of the land-cover classes, and the spatial patterns of the classes.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The term biological motion is often used by researchers studying the patterns of movement generated by living forms and in sports. We studied a pattern recognition system of motion in sport using biological motion data. Biological motion data are acquired using a 3D motion capture system. However, 3D motion capture systems are very expensive. In this article, a biological motion capture system was built using acceleration sensors. Our proposed system uses the technique of Gaussian fitting and regression analysis. We tested our proposed system in pattern recognition of outdoor tennis and its evaluations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The magnetic properties of a single crystal of SmNiSn with the orthorhombic {epsilon}-TiNiSi-type crystal structure have been investigated by magnetic susceptibility, magnetization and electrical resistivity measurements from 1.5 K to room temperature. Two anomalies have been found in the magnetic susceptibility, indicating an antiferromagnetic phase transition at T{sub N}=9.4 K and a second transition at 4.4 K. A large magnetic anisotropy has been found at low temperatures in the temperature and field dependencies of magnetic susceptibility and magnetization. Below 80 K, the easy axis of the magnetization is the c-axis. At T=2.0 K, the c-axis magnetization curve exhibits metamagnetic-like behavior at H{sub c}=42 kOe and reaches 0.54 emu/g at H=55 kOe, whereas for the a- and b-axis the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

180 deg magnet chamber is used in Folded Tandem Ion Accelerator for passage and 180 deg bending of ion beam. The chamber is placed between 180 deg terminal magnet (Electro-magnet), which is used for bending, and analysing the beams. Magnet with a particular magnetic field strength bends ions of only specified mass energy product through a precise path. There is also a space limitation in the direction of magnetic field. Both of them require the magnet chamber to be of a close tolerance. Accuracy of center distance between inlet and outlet port of the magnet chamber has to be at par with the concentricity of high energy and low energy beam line. To achieve this we started the fabrication of magnet chamber by following two methods: a) Circular rolling and bending of rectangular tube for 180 deg sector ...