Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

As low temperature cryocoolers become more frequently used to cool superconducting magnets, it becomes increasingly apparent that the connection between the cooler and the magnet has an effect on the design and performance of the magnet. In general, the use of small coolers can be considered in two different temperature ranges; (1) from 3.8 to 4.8 K for magnet fabricated with LTS conductor and (2) from 18 to 35 K for magnets fabricated using HTS conductor. In general, both temperature ranges call for the use of a two-stage cooler. The best method for connecting a cooler to the magnet depends on a number of factors. The factors include: (1) whether the cooler must be used to cool down the magnet from room temperature, (2) whether the magnet must have one or more reservoirs of liquid cryogen to keep the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Two mechanical design requirements are defined for the SSC Collider beam tube. First, the vacuum requirement (luminosity lifetime = 150 hrs). It requires the design of a pressure boundary within the cold mass vessel to provide a vacuum tunnel for the proton beam and to minimize the synchrotron radiation gas desorbtion with a suitable material. The Collider beam tube design is under an intensive activity to search for a material that will meet the luminosity requirement without a distributed pump or liner. Second is the tube wall`s resistivity requirement ({sigma}*t = 2E5 {Omega}{sup {minus}1}). For a 4.2 K beam tube the Cu thickness is 100 {mu}m (RRR=30,6.7 T, {sigma}=2E9{Omega}{sup {minus}1}m{sup {minus}1}). The copper yield strength is relatively low in comparison to steel and, therefore, the design of the steel layer is governed by the copper layer yield stress limit. A beam tube subjected to eddy current load in a quenching dipole requires ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The mass-energy spectra of the fragments of thermal fission of {sup 242m}Am are measured using the time-of-flight technique. The resulting mass-yield curve and peak-to-valley ratio agree with radiochemical data. The parameters of the kinetic energy distribution of the fragments are determined for the first time. Data on the fine structure of mass spectra in the region of cold fragmentation are presented. 15 refs., 4 figs.

Science.gov (United States)

A general relativistic model for the formation and acceleration of lowmass-loaded jets from systems containing accreting black holes is presented. The model is based on previous numerical results and theoretical studies in the Newtonian regime, but modified to include the effects of space-time curvature in the vicinity of the event horizon of a spinning black hole. It is argued that the boundary layer between the Keplerian accretion disk and the event horizon is best suited for the formation and acceleration of the accretion-powered jets in active galactic nuclei and micro-quasars. The model presented here is based on matching the solutions of three different regions: i- a weakly magnetized Keplerian accretion disk in the outer part, where the transport of angular momentum is mediated through the magentorotational instability, ii- a strongly magnetized, advection-dominated and turbulent-free boundary layer (BL) between the outer ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effect of elastic and plastic strains on the magnetic properties of ferrite-pearlite steels has been studied. It has been shown that the sensitivity to elastic-tensile and bending strains is four to five times greater for remnant magnetization than for coercive force. In order to determine the degree of cold plastic deformation of high-carbon steels, a two-parametric testing technique based on the use of remnant magnetization and coercive force was suggested. An MMT-2 device was recommended for measurement of the required parameters.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A project is underway at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to design, test, and install a cold neutron source facility in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). This new cold source employs supercritical hydrogen at cryogenic temperatures both as the medium for neutron moderation and as the working fluid for removal of internally-generated nuclear heating. The competing design goals of minimizing moderator vessel mass and providing adequate structural integrity for the vessel motivated the requirement of detailed multidimensional thermal-hydraulic analyses of the moderator vessel as a critical design subtask. This paper provides a summary review of the HFIR cold source moderator vessel design and a description of the thermal-hydraulic studies that were carried out to support the vessel development.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The combined magnetic braking-ambipolar diffusion problem in weakly ionized, rigidly rotating disks is studied. An analytical solution is presented for a disk whose angular velocity and magnetic yield vectors are aligned with the symmetry axis, illustrating the effects of the relative azimuthal drift of neutrals and ions. The effects of radial drift are added, commenting on the ratio of the characteristic ambipolar diffusion and magnetic braking time scales in high-mass and low-mass disks. A numerical calculation is used to show the combined action of these two processes. 31 references.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The disrupted magnetic braking theory for the period gap of cataclysmic variable systems is used to study the binary evolution of low-mass main-sequence-like stars with white dwarf companions. The model is able to reproduce the observed location and width of the gap provided that the average mass transfer rates above the upper edge of the gap are greater than about 1.9 x 10 to the -9th solar masses/yr. For the case of angular momentum loss by magnetic braking, the slope of the mass transfer rate with respect to orbital period is shown to range from 3.4 to 3.7. For the evolutionary sequences considered, the He-3 abundance at the surface of the secondary exceeds 0.0015 after the complete mixing phase, resulting in modifications in the nuclear burning development of nova explosions. 31 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper we discuss the supersymmetric tachyon and its applications. Both unitary and non-unitary representations for the superalgebra are examined. If we abandon the standpoint that any elementary particle in relativistic quantum theory must be described by unitary irreducible representations of the Poincare algebra or the superalgebra, then we can construct the supersymmetric invariant action for supersymmetric tachyons. The scalar neutrino's mass is lighter than the photino's mass if the neutrino is the tachyon, and the photon is a massless particle in the simplest supersymmetry-breaking model. There is a possibility that the cold dark matter consists of scalar neutrinos.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ferrofluids have promising potential for heat transfer applications, since advective transport in a ferrofluid can be readily controlled by using an external magnetic field. However, unlike conventional free or forced convection, ferrohydrodynamic convection is not yet well characterized. A full understanding of the relationship between an imposed magnetic field, the resulting ferrofluid flow, and the temperature distribution is a prerequisite for the proper design and implementation of applications involving thermomagnetic convection. The literature variously assumes constant magnetic fields, does not completely represent the variation in the imposed field, or its descriptions are inaccurate, since the fields do not comply with the Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism. We address this by simulating two-dimensional forced convection heat transfer in a channel with a ferrofluid that is under the influence of a ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The relationships of hydrogen alloyed #beta#-titanium alloy deformation behaviour to its microstructure and texture are investigated. It is shown that plasticity increases and strain induced texture changes at low hydrogen contents (0.1-0.2 mass %). Possible mechanisms responsible for specific features of #beta#-Ti alloy deformation are discussed. The study is made using alloy VT35 doped with hydrogen

CERN Document Server

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be equipped with several thousands of superconducting corrector magnets. Among the largest ones are the superconducting trim quadrupoles (MQTL). These twin-aperture magnets with a total mass of up to 1700 kg have a nominal gradient of 129 T/m at 1.9 K and a magnetic length of 1.3 m. Sixty MQTL are required for the LHC, 36 operating at 1.9 K in and 24 operating at 4.5 K. The paper describes the design features, and reports the measured quench performance and magnetic field quality of the production magnets. The MQTL magnet production is shared between CERN and industry. This sharing is simplified due to the modular construction, common to all twin-aperture correctors.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

I present results for the mass spectrum of excited baryons and pentaquarks using overlap fermions and Bayesian curve-fitting method; and magnetic moments and polarizabilities for a variety of hadrons in the background field method.

CERN Document Server

The current status of bounds on and limits of fermion determinants in two, three and four dimensions in QED and QCD is reviewed. A new lower bound on the two-dimensional QED determinant is derived. An outline of the demonstration of the continuity of this determinant at zero mass when the background magnetic field flux is zero is also given.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Magnetic refrigeration uses the temperature- and field-dependence of the entropy of some magnetic materials to accomplish cooling. Because of the intrinsically high efficiency of the magnetization and demagnetization process and because of the potential for excellent heat transfer between solids and fluids, magnetic refrigerators promise to have higher efficiency than existing gas-cycle refrigerators. Many ground-based and space-based applications could benefit significantly from the cost savings implied by higher efficiency. Other attributes of these devices are high reliability and low volume and mass per unit cooling power. The development of these refrigerators is underway at several places around the world, including the Los Alamos National Laboratory. The progress to date has been encouraging but some problems have been clearly identified. The arguments for high efficiency and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We derive the exchange currents of pseudoscalar, vector, and scalar mesons from Feynman diagrams, and use them to calculate the magnetic form factors of nucleon and ?(1232). The magnetic moments and electromagnetic radii are obtained by using those form factors and the parameters determined from the masses of nucleon and ?(1232). We find the magnetic moments and electromagnetic radii of nucleon and ?(1232) can be produced very well in the extended Goldstone-Boson-exchange model in which all of pseudoscalar, vector, and scalar meson nonet are included. The magnetic moments of ?(1232) are closer to experiment values and results from lattice calculation than the results obtained by the model without other mesons except for pion and sigma.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Low expression of osmotically responsive genes 2 (LOS2) encodes an enolase (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolase, EC 4.2.1.11) that converts 2-phospho-D-glycerate (PGA) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the glycolytic pathway in Arabidopsis. Meanwhile, it is a transcriptional activator of cold-responsive gene, negatively controlling the expression of STZ/ZAT10, a zinc finger transcriptional repressor of cold-responsive gene from Arabidopsis. A novel LOS2 gene, designated PtrLOS2 (GenBank accession number GQ144341), was isolated from trifoliate orange [Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.]. The PtrLOS2 cDNA is 1 662 bp in length with a 1 338 bp open reading frame (ORF), encoding a deduced 445 amino acid residue protein with a predicted molecular mass of 47.79 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.54. The ded...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Solenoid transport of high current, heavy ion beams is considered for several stages of a heavy ion fusion driver. In general this option is more efficient than magnetic quadrupole transport at sufficiently low kinetic energy and/or large e/m, and for this reason it has been employed in electron induction linacs. Ideally an ion beam would be transported in a state of Brillouin flow, i.e. cold in the transverse plane and spinning at one half the cyclotron frequency. The design of appropriate solenoids and the equilibrium and stability of transported ion beams are discussed. An outline of application to a fusion driver is also presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using the Relativistic Mean Field Theory (RMF) it is shown that different proton fraction which is directly connected with the neutron excess and with the asymmetry of the system affects proto-neutron stars parameters and changes their composition. The obtained form of the equation of state allows to construct the mass-radius relations and shows that the increasing asymmetry creates more compact stars. The inclusion of {delta} meson together with nonlinear vector meson interaction terms and magnetic field make this effect even stronger.

CERN Document Server

The magnetic field strengths of most millisecond pulsars(MSP) are about $10^{8-9}$ Gauss. The accretion induced magnetic field evolution scenario here concludes that the field decay is invesely related to the accreted mass and the minimum field or bottom field stops at about $10^{8}$ Gauss if accreted with the Eddington accretion rate, which is proportionally related with the accretion rate as $\\dot{M}^{1/2}$. The possibility of the low field $\\sim 10^{7}$ Gauss MSPs has been proposed for the future radio observation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Application of electromagnetic forces to materials processing, so-called {open_quotes}electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM){close_quotes} has been recognized as cutting edge technology, especially in the fields of steelmaking and advanced materials processing in Japan. The history of EPM in Japan is mentioned and the background to promote EPM is described. The current status of research and development of EPM is shown briefly introducing several examples. Regarding the application of high-frequency magnetic field, two topics are dealt with. The first is the improvement of the surface quality of cast steel where an alternating magnetic field is imposed on the molten steel from the outside of the mold, and the second is the induction cold crucible where a considerably large amount of molten intermetallic compound is levitated. Examples of the application of DC magnetic field are the control of ...

CERN Document Server

We entertain the idea that a suitable background of cold (very low momentum) pseudoscalar particles or condensate, may trigger a background that effectively generates Lorentz-invariance violation. This aether-like background induces a Chern-Simons modification of QED. Physics is different in different frames and, in the rest frame of the pseudoscalar background, high momentum photons can decay into pairs. The threshold for such decay depends quadratically on the rest mass of the particles. This mechanism could explain in a natural way why antiprotons are absent in recent cosmic ray measurements. A similar signal could be used as a probe of pseudoscalar condensation in heavy ion collisions.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (ES) and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) are widely regarded as clinically and histologically identical tumors which consist of small blue round cells. Extraskeletal ESs/PNETs usually occur in the deep soft tissues of the paraspinal region, chest wall, or lower extremities. However, superficially located cases, so-called cutaneous ESs/PNETs, are exceedingly rare, and the vast majority of the reported cases present as a single small mass. We present magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and clinical course of a unique case of primary cutaneous ES/PNET presenting as numerous huge masses with severe ulceration on them. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A study is made into textures of deformation and primary recrystallization forming in a #beta#-titanium alloy doped with hydrogen in amounts from 0.04 to 0.55 mass. %, on cold rolling with a 70%-reduction and dehydrogenating annealing at 860 deg C. It is shown that a volume fraction of recrystallization texture components is determined by the nature of corresponding deformation texture, in its turn, depending on hydrogen concentration in the alloy. At low hydrogen contents the main texture components are #left brace#111#right brace# and #left brace#001#right brace#. A hydrogen content increase up to 0.09 - 0.18 mass. % results in formation of dominant components of #left brace#111#right brace# and #left brace#112#right brace#

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The electromagnetic properties that present hydrogen and other nucleus of agro-alimentary products, have allowed widely use of magnetic resonance (MR) to study the composition and internal structure of these biological materials in a micro and macroscopic scale, in a nondestructive way. In this paper the physical principles, basic equipment to measure the MR signals and the MR imaging of any biological sample, are explained. It is also shown a review of the main agro-alimentary applications, emphasizing in the use of this principle to examine the internal quality of fruits and vegetables. In these products, the MR has been used to detect and follow the evolution of different factors that determine the internal quality after harvesting, during storage and after post harvesting processes. The main studies that have been conducted with MR in harvested products are about physiological disorders that take place during storage and conservation of fruits in controlled and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Low transition temperature (low-{Tc}) and high-{Tc} Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs) have been used to perform high-resolution magnetic measurements on samples whose temperatures are much higher than the operating temperatures of the devices. Part 1 of this work focuses on measurements of the rigidity of flux vortices in high-{Tc} superconductors using two low-{Tc} SQUIDs, one on either side of a thermally-insulated sample. The correlation between the signals of the SQUIDs is a direct measure of the extent of correlation between the movements of opposite ends of vortices. These measurements were conducted under the previously-unexplored experimental conditions of nominally-zero applied magnetic field, such that vortex-vortex interactions were unimportant, and with zero external current. At specific temperatures, the authors observed highly-correlated noise sources, suggesting that the vortices moved as rigid rods. At other ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) has been a very powerful tool to study nanoscale (1-100 nm) bulk structures in various materials such as polymer, self assembled materials, nano-porous materials, nano-magnetic materials, metal and ceramics. Understanding the importance of the SANS instrument, the 8m SANS instrument was installed at the CN beam port of HANARO in 2001. However, without having a cold neutron source, the beam intensity is fairly low and the Q-range is rather limited due to short instrument length. In July 1, 2003, therefore, the HANARO cold neutron research facility project was launched and a state of the art 40m SANS instrument was selected as top-priority instrument. The development of the 40m SANS instrument was completed as a joint project between Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and the HANARO in 2010. Here, we report the specification of a state of art 40m SANS instrument at HANARO

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We describe the PBAR balloon-borne magnet spectrometer flown on August 13-14, 1987 to measure the abundance of cosmic ray antiprotons in the energy interval 100-1580 MeV at the top of the atmosphere. The limits first reported have been improved to an overall limit of anti p/p<2.0x10{sup -5} (85% CL). We summarize the overall design and performance of the PBAR spectrometer, which had the unique ability to establish the mass of each singly charged cosmic ray, as well as to reject spurious antimatter candidates caused by hard scatterings within the instrument. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

Cosmological hydrodynamical simulations as well as observations indicate that spiral galaxies are comprised of five different components: dark matter halo, stellar disc, stellar bulge, gaseous disc and gaseous halo. While the first four components have been extensively considered in numerical simulations of binary galaxy mergers, the effect of a hot gaseous halo has usually been neglected even though it can contain up to 80% of the total gas within the galaxy virial radius. We present a series of hydrodynamic simulations of major mergers of disc galaxies, that for the first time include a diffuse, rotating, hot gaseous halo. Through cooling and accretion, the hot halo can dissipate and refuel the cold gas disc before and after a merger. This cold gas can subsequently form stars, thus impacting the morphology and kinematics of the remnant. Simulations of isolated systems with total mass M~10^12Msun show a nearly constant ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this paper, the unsteady MHD free convection heat and mass transfer of viscous fluid flowing through a Darcian porous regime adjacent to a moving vertical semi-infinite plate under Soret and Dufour effect have been examined. Viscous dissipation effects are included in the energy equation. A uniform magnetic field is applied transversely to the direction of the flow. The differential equations governing the problem have been transformed by a similarity transformation into a system of non-dimensional differential equations which are solved numerically by element free Galerkin method. The influence of Grashof number (Gr), magnetic parameter (M), heat absorption parameter (Q), permeability parameter (K), Schmidt number (Sc), Soret number (Sr), and Dufour number (Du) on the velocity, tempera...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We consider the spin-up of the white dwarf in non-magnetic cataclysmic variables (CVs) during secular evolution. If this is unresisted, CVs are quenched as boundary-layer emitters once the binary period has decreased by #approx# 1 hr. Angular momentum loss in nova explosions may, however, prevent the star reaching breakup. If the explosions remove (1 + #epsilon#) x the mass accreted between outbursts, values 0.5 < #approx# #epsilon# < #approx# 1 allow CVs to be modest boundary-layer emitters for most of their lifetimes. Spectral effects will limit their detection as soft X-ray sources. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The cross section for np{yields}d{gamma} is calculated at energies relevant to big-bang nucleosynthesis using the recently developed effective field theory that describes the two-nucleon sector. The E1 amplitude is computed up to N{sup 3}LO and depends only upon nucleon-nucleon phase shift data. In contrast, the M1 contribution is computed up to next-to-leading order, and the four-nucleon-one-magnetic-photon counterterm that enters is determined by the cross section for cold neutron capture. The uncertainty in the calculation for nucleon energies up to E{approx}1 MeV is estimated to be (less-or-similar sign)4%. (c) 1999 The American Physical Society.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In general, the tickover speed of a car engine is made sufficiently high, in order to permit an assumed maximum load to be taken from the engine at tickover. This setting of the tickover speed is usually done by stops in the fuel supply. Matching the actual load would lead to lower fuel consumption, without any danger of the engine stalling. The purpose of the invention is to provide a tickover speed controller, so that the tickover speed is adjusted by electronic control equipment, independently of the machine load. The fuel consumption on tickover is reduced and the emission of noxious substances is decreased. The electro-magnetic control of the throttle valve tickover setting is explained by extensive section drawings of the system. This process dispenses with the special tickover cams for a cold start.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A one-dimensional numerical model for the expansion of impact-produced vapor clouds is used to investigate magnetic field generation mechanisms in events such as meteor collisions with the moon. The resulting cloud properties, such as ionization fraction, electrical conductivity, radial expansion velocity, mass density, and energy density are estimated. The model is initiated with the peak shock states and pressure thresholds for incipient and complete vaporization of anorthosite lunar surface materials by iron and GA composition meteorites. The expansion of the spherical gas cloud into a vacuum was traced with a one-dimensional explicit lagrangian hydrodynamic code. The hypervelocity impact plasmas produced are found to be significant in the amplitudes and orientations of the magnetic fields generated. An ambient magnetic field could have been provided by the core dynamo, which would have interacted ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A new foilless diode with a non-magnetically immersed cathode was recently designed and built for the Sandia Recirculating Linear Accelerator (RLA). Because there is also no radial component of electric field at the cathode, the electron beam starts almost parallel and is matched to a solenoidal transport system with minimum increase in divergence and radius. The electrode emission surface is specified by an area covered with felt which undergoes explosive electron emission at low electrical field stresses (60 kV/cm). The 1.7 MV, 4.8-kA produced beam is transported 1.5 meters to the injection region of the racetrack via a system of solenoids and focusing coils. The maximum transverse velocity component at injection point (1.5 m downstream from the cathode surface) is #beta# perpendicular = 0.03 and the radius r = 2.8 cm which give a quite small beam emittance #epsilon# = 0.08 rad-cm. Three- dimensional numerical simulations suggest that tangential injection into ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A cold-leg small-break loss-of-coolant accident (SBLOCA) experiment was performed on the PACTEL facility to study the behavior of natural circulation in a VVER-440 reactor geometry. The facility is a volumetrically scaled (1:305) integral test loop simulating the VVER-440 reactors used in Finland. The test results were used to assess the computer codes RELAP5/MOD3.1 and APROS 3.0 for VVER reactors. The behavior of the horizontal steam generator and the effect of the hot-leg loop seal were of particular interest. The specific parameters to be compared included the primary pressure and the downcomer mass flow rate.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Cardiac tumours may display diverse symptoms through potential involvement of any structure of the heart. We describe a case of a highly malignant thymoma with involvement of different cardiac structures with important haemodynamic compromise. With the high sensitivity of transthoracic echocardiography for detection of intracardiac masses, computed tomography and magnetic resonance add essential structural preoperative information on the tumour and surrounding tissue as vessels, pleura, lung and mediastinum.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The high-frequency precessional mode of a hot-electron-stabilized magnetic configuration has previously been shown to be stable in a window of core-plasma mass. Under conditions of frequency matching, the resulting stable negative-energy precessional wave can be destabilized by coupling to positive-energy shear-Alfven waves. Coupling is avoided when the hot-electron precession frequency exceeds the core-plasma ion gyrofrequency.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A cryogenic separation method of chloromethane (CH{sub 3}Cl) from methyl iodide (CH{sub 3}I) for {delta}{sup 37}Cl measurement with isotope ratio mass spectrometer is described. A cold trap with sealed 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (TMP) as the cryogen is used in this method. CH{sub 3}Cl can be separated from CH{sub 3}I at the TMP melting point (-107 deg. C) based on the difference in the vapor pressure between CH{sub 3}Cl (322.6 Pa) and CH{sub 3}I (lower than 1.3 Pa) at -107 deg. C. After two-step separation processes, the yields of CH{sub 3}Cl purified from CH{sub 3}Cl-CH{sub 3}I mixture are 96-101%, and the difference between the {delta}{sup 37}Cl{sub original} and {delta}{sup 37}Cl{sub Afterseparation} is from -0.06 to +0.06 per mille (0.01 {+-} 0.04 per mille ). These results suggest that CH{sub 3}Cl is completely separated from CH{sub 3}I with no change of {delta}{sup 37}Cl value. This method using the cold trap with sealed ...

Science.gov (United States)

1. Contest rules The European Space Agency (ESA) is launching a public competition to find the most suitable names for its four Cluster II space weather satellites. The quartet, which are currently known as flight models 5, 6, 7 and 8, are scheduled for launch from Baikonur Space Centre in Kazakhstan in June and July 2000. Professor Roger Bonnet, ESA Director of Science Programme, announced the competition for the first time to the European Delegations on the occasion of the Science Programme Committee (SPC) meeting held in Paris on 21-22 February 2000. The competition is open to people of all the ESA member states (*). Each entry should include a set of FOUR names (places, people, or things from history, mythology, or fiction, but NOT living persons). Contestants should also describe in a few sentences why their chosen names would be appropriate for the four Cluster II satellites. The winners will be those which are considered most suitable and relevant for the Cluster II mission. ...

CERN Document Server

The Large Hadron Collider presents an unprecedented opportunity to probe the realm of new physics in the TeV region and shed light on some of the core unresolved issues of particle physics. These include the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking, the origin of mass, the possible constituent of cold dark matter, new sources of CP violation needed to explain the baryon excess in the universe, the possible existence of extra gauge groups and extra matter, and importantly the path Nature chooses to resolve the hierarchy problem - is it supersymmetry or extra dimensions. Many models of new physics beyond the standard model contain a hidden sector which can be probed at the LHC. Additionally, the LHC will be a top factory and accurate measurements of the properties of the top and its rare decays will provide a window to new physics. Further, the LHC could shed light on the origin of neutralino masses if the new physics ...

CERN Document Server

The discovery of an HI cloud with peculiar properties at equatorial coordinates (J2000) ra=07h49m, dec=04d30m is presented. The HI object was detected at 21cm using the 300-m NAIC Arecibo telescope. Subsequent follow-up high-resolution observations with the NRAO Very Large Array (VLA) telescope at L-Band revealed more details about its morphology. The most intriguing aspect of the object is the clear velocity gradient of 1 km/s, which is present in the data, an indication of either rotation or expansion. The gas appears to be cold, and its morphology is somewhat elliptical with clumpy substructure. Assuming disk rotation, the dynamical mass could be determined as a function of distance.Depending on the exact nature of the velocity gradient in the HI cloud, we can reach some preliminary conclusions about the nature of the object. Expansion would imply association with a circumstellar envelope of an evolved AGB star, while in the case of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This guide has been written to introduce growers of Short Rotation Coppice (SRC) to the principles and need for cold storage of planting material. The main types of cold store are described. It also provides assistance in the selection of suitable stores and how these are located nationally. (author)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A report on the Wellcome Trust/Cold Spring Harbor Genome Informatics meeting, Cold Spring Harbor, USA, 7-11 May 2003.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This document provides the detailed design requirements for the Spent Nuclear Fuel Project Cold Vacuum Drying Facility. Process, safety, and quality assurance requirements and interfaces are specified.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

I present an overview of the measurement of the proton form factors in the time-like regiun. BABAR has recently measured with great accuracy the e{sup +} e{sup -} {yields} p p-bar reaction from productiun threshold up to an energy of {approx} 4.5 GeV; finding evidence for a ratio of the electric to magnetic form factur greater than unity, contrary to expectation. In agreement with previous measurements. BABAR confirmed the steep rise uf the magnetic form factor close to the p p-bar mass threshold, suggesting the possible presence of an under-threshuld N N-bar vector state. These and uther open questiuns related to the nucleon furm factors both in the time-like and space-like region, wait for more data with different experimental techniques to be possibly solved.

Science.gov (United States)

We present a Poincare covariant Faddeev equation, which enables the simultaneous prediction of meson and baryon observables using the leading order in a truncation of the Dyson-Schwinger equations that can systematically be improved. The solution describes a nucleon's dressed-quark core. The evolution of the nucleon mass with current-quark mass is discussed. A nucleon-photon current, which can produce nucleon form factors with realistic Q{sup 2} evolution, is described. Axial-vector diquark correlations lead to a neutron Dirac form factor that is negative, with r{sub 1}{sup nu}>r{sub 1}{sup nd}. The proton electric-magnetic form factor ratio falls with increasing Q{sup 2}.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

R_2PdSi_3 compounds have been found to exhibit rich magnetic phenomena arising from the interplay between RKKY interaction, crystal electric field effects and geometric frustration due to the derived hexagonal AlB_2 structure. The observed crystallographic superstructure further complicates the CEF level scheme. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on single crystals of Tm_2PdSi_3 and Er_2PdSi_3 have been performed at the cold triple axis spectrometer PANDA in FRM-II. Both compounds order antiferromagnetically at T_N=7 K and 2.1 K respectively; Er_2PdSi_3 undergoes a second phase transition at T_2=2 K. Several low lying CEF excitations (below 10 meV) were observed. The intensity of the lowest excitation show strong directional dependence (in HK0 plane for Er_2PdSi_3 and in HHL plane for Tm_2PdSi_3), from which the details of the transitional matrix could be deduced. Measurements in magnetic fields up to 13 T show ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We propose a novel method for ultrasensitive isotope analysis that combines magnetic mass selection, resonant charge-exchange neutralization, and resonant laser ionizaion. Our method attains high isotopic abundance selectivity by means of continuous multistage separation of ions stored in a small ring. For the environmentally interesting case of /sup 90/Sr versus /sup 88/Sr we estimate that sensitivity better than 10/sup -15/ for a throughput of 10/sup 13/ atoms/sec and an efficiency (after the ion source) greater than 10% are readily achievable.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and histopathology were used to diagnose an articular process synovial myxoma in a dog. On MR images, the tumor was characterized by distortion of the left L1-L2 articular process, widening of the articular process joint, and the presence of a mass contiguous with the synovium of the articular process that displaced the spinal cord. The tumor was T2-hyperintense, T1-hypointense, relative to muscle, and had mild contrast enhancement. The MR features of articular process synovial myxoma may be distinct from other diseases of the articular process joint.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Superconducting Cu-rich composites containing the A-15 compounds V_3Si or V_3Ga were made by the ''Tsuei'' process (melting into ingots followed by cold working and heat treatment). Superconducting transition temperatures of the composites were measured. X-ray diffraction analyses were performed. Microstructures were studied using both the optical metallograph and the scanning electron microscope. For some composites containing V_3Ga, the critical current densities as functions of transverse magnetic field up to 60 kG, and as functions of temperature from 4.2 to 12"0K were measured. It was found that the Tsuei process does not work for the composites containing V_3Si, but works satisfactorily for V_3Ga; reasons are discussed. Relations between measured properties and various metallurgical factors such as alloy compositions, cross-section reduction ratios, and heat treatment are discussed. The mechanism for the observed superconductivity in the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The downstream failure of cable during winding, insulating, coil winding, and coil assembly is a significant issue in magnet production. The impact of these failures is costly both financially and because of the time needed to recover from them. The current approach to cabling has been to visually inspect the cable for any gross defects during cabling. To date this has been effective in finding small defects such as crossovers, which drastically reduce the mechanical integrity of the strand and thus of the cable itself. But because of the large volume of cable that will be manufactured, an automated flaw detection system that can inspect the cable and detect these types of defects will be needed. We have recently done an on-line experiment using an Eddy current system and specialized Eddy current probes to inspect cable during manufacturing. We will present the results of our inspection, demonstrating detection of crossovers and cold welds. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russian (Aug 1971). USSR Gulyaev, AP Morgunova, NN Malkhasyan,

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CERN Document Server

The transition region between the straight part and the ends of the coils of the LHC model and prototype dipole magnets are often identified as the origin of training quenches. In order to study how the discontinuities in the material properties of these regions affect coil pre-stress and possibly gain more insight in the quench behavior, a program was set up at CERN to analyze by 3D-FEM these particular regions. The ACCEL team, who performed a similar analysis for the main quadrupoles of the Superconducting Supercollider SSC, is entrusted with this program. In this paper we report on the results of 3D-modeling and analysis of the coil return end region, including the complete coil mass, of a 1-m single bore model magnet. This magnet represents all relevant features of the "two-in-one" LHC main dipole design concerning the winding configuration, the collar pack, the yoke, and the outer shell ...

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Production of intense negative ion beams in magnetically insulated diodes was studied in order to develop an understanding of this process by measuring the ion-beam parameters as a function of diode and cathode plasma conditions in different magnetically insulated diodes. A coral diode, a racetrack diode, and an annular diode were used. The UCI APEX pulse line, with a nominal output of 1MV, 140kA, was used under matched conditions with a pulse length of 50 nsec. Negative-ion intensity and divergence were measured with Faraday cups and CR-39 track detectors. Cathode plasma was produced by passive dielectric cathodes and later, by an independent plasma gun. Negative-ion currents had an intensity of a few A/cm{sup 2} with a divergence ranging between a few tenths milliradians for an active TiH{sub 2} plasma gun and 300 milliradians for a passive polyethelene cathode. Negative ions were usually emitted from a few hot spots on the cathode surface. ...

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The effect of transverse magnetic field parameter (Hartmann number, Ha) Reynolds number (Re) and Prandtl number (Pr) on the mixed convection flow past a semi-infinite vertical porous plate in a non-Darcian porous medium with variable viscosity and porosity, viscous dissipation and fluid-solid thermal conductivity ratio in the presence of plate transpiration (lateral mass flux) is investigated theoretically and numerically using Keller`s implicit finite difference scheme. It is shown that the Harmann number acts as a retarding force and increases the momentum boundary layer thickness, analogous to the flow against a positive pressure gradient, simultaneously decreasing local skin friction (shear stress). The heat transfer rate is however enhanced by the magnetic field (for positive values of the Eckert number) since the fluid is heated and temperature gradients become reduced between the fluid and the plate, with important ...

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Materials for the construction of cold neutron sources must satisfy a range of demands. The cryogenic temperature and irradiation create a severe environment. Candidate materials are identified and existing cold sources are briefly surveyed to determine which materials may be used. Aluminum- and magnesium-based alloys are the preferred materials. Existing data for the effects of cryogenic temperature and near-ambient irradiation on the mechanical properties of these alloys are briefly reviewed, and the very limited information on the effects of cryogenic irradiation are outlined. Generating mechanical property data under cold source operating conditions is a daunting prospect. It is clear that the cold source material will be degraded by neutron irradiation, and so the cold source must be designed as a brittle vessel. The continued effective operation of many different ...

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In this thesis we study the relic density n{sub {chi}} of non--relativistic long--lived or stable particles {chi} in various non--standard cosmological scenarios. First, we discuss the relic density in the non--standard cosmological scenario in which the temperature is too low for the particles {chi} to achieve full chemical equilibrium. We also investigated the case where {chi} particles are non--thermally produced from the decay of heavier particles in addition to the usual thermal production. In low temperature scenario, we calculate the relic abundance starting from arbitrary initial temperatures T{sub 0} of the radiation--dominated epoch and derive approximate solutions for the temperature dependence of the relic density which can accurately reproduces numerical results when full thermal equilibrium is not achieved. If full equilibrium is reached, our ansatz no longer reproduces the correct temperature dependence of the {chi} number density. However, we can contrive a ...

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The Department of Energy (DOE) Subsurface Contamination Focus Area (SCFA) sponsored a technology demonstration of non-traditional in situ vitrification (NTISV) at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The project team for this demonstration included MSE Technology Applications, Inc., Geosafe Corporation, and LANL. The technology demonstration involved the performance of two large-scale test melts. The first, referred to as the ''cold'' test, was performed on a simulated absorption bed that contained surrogate contaminants. The cold test was conducted in April 1999. The second demonstration, referred to as the ''hot'' test, took place at LANL's Material Disposal Area (MDA) V in April 2000. The hot test was conducted on a portion of an absorption bed that received radionuclide and metal-contaminated wastewater from a laundry facility and a research laboratory from ...

CERN Document Server

We present deep images of dust continuum emission at 450, 800, and 850 micron of the dark cloud LDN 1689N which harbors the low-mass young stellar objects (YSOs) IRAS 16293-2422A and B (I16293A and I16293B) and the cold prestellar object I16293E. Toward the positions of I16293A and E we also obtained spectra of CO-isotopomers and deep submillimeter observations of chemically related molecules with high critical densities. To I16293A we report the detection of the HDO 1_01 - 0_00 and H2O 1_10 - 1_01 ground-state transitions as broad self-reversed emission profiles with narrow absorption, and a tentative detection of H2D+ 1_10 - 1_11. To I16293E we detect weak emission of subthermally excited HDO 1_01 - 0_00. Based on this set of submillimeter continuum and line data we model the envelopes around I16293A and E. The density and velocity structure of I16293A is fit by an inside-out collapse model, yielding a sound speed of a=0.7 km/s, an age of ...

Science.gov (United States)

The variation of metallic particle size and sample porosity significantly alters the dynamic mechanical properties of high density granular composite materials processed using a cold isostatically pressed mixture of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), aluminum (Al), and tungsten (W) powders. Quasistatic and dynamic experiments are performed with identical constituent mass fractions with variations in the size of the W particles and pressing conditions. The relatively weak polymer matrix allows the strength and fracture modes of this material to be governed by the granular type behavior of agglomerated metal particles. A higher ultimate compressive strength was observed in relatively high porosity samples with small W particles compared to those with coarse W particles in all experiments. Mesoscale granular force chains of the metallic particles explain this unusual phenomenon as observed in hydrocode simulations of a drop-weight test. Macrocracks ...

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Vacuum arc with cathode spots on the cold electrode is widely used as a plasma generator in a such kind of devices like metal ion sources, plasma cathode electron guns, thing films deposition facilities and others. Most vacuum arc devices utilize a high voltage discharge across an insulator surface to provide a trigger plasma which in turn initiates the main arc discharge. Operation of vacuum arc in a repetitively pulsed mode required a stable triggering system for the long time. But with a discharge across the insulators the number of stable pulses is limited by 100,000 or little bit more. The better method for vacuum arc ignition is low pressure discharge. As shown in this paper it is possible to increase the lifetime of the ignition system in 10 times at least, but negative characteristic of this system is a relatively high pressure (about 0.1 mtorr). In some kinds of vacuum arc applications it is impermissible because it leads to the ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Title : Refining the Magnetic Forming Capability. ... Abstract : The purpose of this project was to refine the in-house magnetic forming capability. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Examples include magnetic forming tools, magnetic shielding, magnetohydrodynamic propulsion systems, and various magnetic containment ...

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Based on experience with nuclear material confiscated in Hungary from illicit trafficking activities in the nineties it has been decided that traditional gamma-spectrometry should be complemented by destructive analytical techniques. The 17/1996 (I. 31.) Korm. Governmental Decree delegated the identification, categorization and characterization tasks to the Institute of Isotopes, Budapest. Routine gamma-spectrometric methods have been further developed aiming at the i) age (production date) determination of seized samples and complete (nondismountable) uranium-bearing items (such as fresh fuel bundles and fission chambers) by HRGS technique, ii) improvement of measurement accuracy and reliability. Starting in 2005 mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) and scanning electron microscopy have been implemented to characterize nuclear samples in more detail and to analyze environmental samples both for isotopic and elemental composition focusing on long-lived ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Mechanisms underlying cold hypersensitivity in neuropathic states are unclear. Recent data indicate both TRPM8 and TRPA1 play a role. In relation to TRPA1, there are reported increases in mRNA....Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

CERN, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics, is working towards the construction of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a high-energy, high-luminosity particle accelerator and collider [1] of 26.7 km circumference, due to start producing frontier physics, by bringing into collision intense proton and ion beams with centre-of-mass energies in the TeV-per-constituent range, at the beginning of the next century. The key technology for achieving this ambitious scientific goal at economically acceptable cost is the use of high-field superconducting magnets using Nb-Ti conductor operating in superfluid helium [2]. To maintain the some 25 km of bending and focusing magnets at their operating temperature of 1.9 K, the LHC cryogenic system will have to produce an unprecedented total refrigeration capacity of about 20 kW at 1.8 K, in eight cryogenic plants distributed around the machine circumference [3]. This has requested the ...

Science.gov (United States)

... In the same year, the Revere Copper and Brass Company of America introduced the tandem cold mill, soon followed by ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A report on 'The Biology of Genomes' meeting, Cold Spring Harbor, USA, 10-14 May 2006.

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This monograph addresses a narrow aspect of cold regions engineering, namely the effects of cold weather on the traditional civil engineering disciplines of hydrology and hydraulics. Hydrologic and hydraulic considerations in the design, construction, and operation of civil works are very important. Many of the problems encountered in the design and construction of buildings, transportation systems, water supply facilities, waste treatment facilities, and hazardous waste disposal facilities, for example are closely tied to the characteristics of the site hydrology.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

2,6-Diacetyl pyridine based ligand was synthesized by the reaction of 2,6-diacetyl pyridine with thiocarbohydrazide in presence of acetic acid. The coordination compounds with Cr(III) and Ni(II) metal ions having [Cr(L)X]X2 and [Ni(L)X]X compositions (where L=ligand and X=NO3^-, Cl^- and CH3COO^-) were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectral studies. The studies like elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, UV-Vis, NMR, mass and EPR reveal that the complexes are octahedral. The compounds were examined against the pathogenic fungal and bacterial strains like Alternaria brassicae, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Xanthomonas compestris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A. niger causes the diseases Apergillosis and Oto...

CERN Document Server

In the CERN approach to the design of a neutrino factory, the repetition frequency of the proton beam is high enough to consider stationary solid targets as a viable solution for multi-MW beams. The target consists of high density tantalum spheres of 2 mm diameter which can efficiently be cooled by passing a high mass flow He-gas stream through the voids between the Ta-granules. Very small thermal shocks and stresses will arise in this fine grained structure due to the relatively long burst of 3.3 ms from the SPL-proton linac. In a quadruple target system where each target receives only one quarter of the total beam power of 4 MW, conservative temperature levels and adequate lifetimes of the target are estimated in its very high radiation environment. A conceptual design of the integration of the target into the magnetic horn-pion-collector is presented.

CERN Document Server

We present results from a comprehensive number of relativistic, time-dependent, axisymmetric simulations of the runaway instability of non-constant angular momentum thick discs around black holes. This second paper extends earlier results where only constant angular momentum discs were considered. All relevant aspects of the theory of stationary thick discs around rotating black holes, necessary to build the initial state in our simulations, are presented in great detail. The angular momentum of the discs is assumed to increase outwards with the radial distance according to a power law. The main simplifying assumptions of our approach are not to include magnetic fields and self-gravity in the discs. Furthermore, the dynamics of the spacetime is accounted for by computing the transfer of mass and angular momentum from the disc to the black hole through the event horizon : the evolution of the central black hole is assumed to follow a sequence of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The lipid obtained by the toluene extraction of a dried raw Atlanta sewage sludge by the Soxhlet method, was pyrolyzed over activated alumina at atmospheric pressure. A range of weight hourly space velocities (WHSV) from 0.22-1.60/h and a range of temperatures from 400-480[degree]C were selected. A 70 wt % yield of light liquid hydrocarbons was obtained at a WHSV of 0.46/h and 450[degree]C. The sulfur and nitrogen contents of the pyrolysis products were much lower than products from direct liquefaction of sludge. Infrared spectra and [sup 13]C nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed the absence of carbonyl groups in the products. Gas chromatography showed a uniform hydrocarbon chain length distribution across the C[sub 7] to C[sub 17] mass range. The gas product consisted mainly of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons. Lauric acid was used as a model to study the decarboxylation. The effects of catalyst loading and catalyst moisture content were ...

Science.gov (United States)

Radial Halbach magnetic bearings have been investigated as part of an effort to develop increasingly

Science.gov (United States)

Necessary theoretical foundation is given for the treatment of magnetic stresses applied to

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Discussion of an electrohydraulic and magnetic forming process

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the radiologic findings of the extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma. Six patients with pathologically confirmed extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma were retrospectively reviewed. Patients included two men and four women with an average age of 21.5 years (age range 9-48 years). Plain radiographs (six patients), magnetic resonance (MR) images (five patients), computed tomographic (CT) scans (three patients) and whole body scintigraphy (two patients) were reviewed and analyzed. Images were evaluated with regard to lesion location, size, margin, muscle or bone involvement and intrinsic imaging characteristics on CT and MRI. The tumors were located in the thigh (three patients), back (two patients) and upper arm (one patient). The tumors ranged in size from 2.3 cm to 7.5 cm (mean, 5.2 cm), were mainly well circumscribed and showed no evidence of calcification prior to treatment. Margins were well defined in four out of the six patients. Four ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Magnetic separation of several classes of antibiotics was investigated using electrochemical magnetic seeding. Electrocoagulation with a sacrificial anode followed by addition of magnetite particles was applied for the magnetic seeding of antibiotics. With electrochemical magnetic seeding using an iron anode, tetracycline antibiotics (oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline, doxycycline and tetracycline) and cephalosporin antibiotic (cefdinir) were rapidly removed from synthetic wastewater by magnetic separation using a neodymium magnet. Iron and aluminium anodes were suitable for magnetic seeding of the antibiotics. The results indicated that the ability of antibiotics to form strong complex with iron and aluminium allowed the higher removal by magnetic separation. This method would be appropriate for rapid treatment of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To assess the utility of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the study of pediatric patients with clinical suspicion of pituitary disease. We studied 18 patients aged 7 to 18 years.Fifteen had hormonal disturbances, two presented amenorrhea and 1 complained of headache, fever and symptoms of polyuria and polydipsia. All the patients were examined using a Siemens SP 42 1-Tesla MRI scanner. Sagittal and coronal T1-weighted spin-echo images were obtained; in addition T2-weighted spin-echo or fast spin-echo imaging was performed in ten cases and intravenous gadolinium was administered in nine. We found 9 patients with hypothalamic-pituitary dysgenesis, 2 with germinoma, 2 cases of pituitary hemosiderosis in patients with thalassemia, 2 cases of microadenoma, one abscess, one case of idiopathic central diabetes insipidus and one of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. MR enabled us to assess pituitary structural alterations in children with hypothalamic-pituitary hormone ...

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Airbag pressure vessels for the north-American market mainly are made by forging and by the use of steel alloys. In Europe aluminum alloys are common and the manufacturing process is extrusion of circular blanks - made from cold rolled plates - in a form applying a 100 t press at room temperature. Then by heat treatment the strength/hardness of the material is properly adjusted and after that the pressure vessel parts have to be continuously inspected with an inspection and handling cycle time of 3 s. Inspection of the axis-symmetric parts is asked for surface breaking extrusion defects as well as for surface parallel delaminations in the bulk volume. Furthermore, the material strength is a quality characteristic that has to be nondestructively registered and documented. The inspection is performed by eddy current probes and an EMAT, of which the eddy current impedance measurements are used for surface breaking extrusion defect detection and sizing (single ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Research highlights: #-># Red mud residues (RM) were disposed in alumina production. #-># Utilization of Red mud residues was affected by its iron content. #-># Superconducting magnetic separation (HGSMS) was used in iron separation from RM. #-># RM with high and low iron contents were separated in HGSMS. - Abstract: The disposal of bayer red mud tailings now seriously threats the environment safety. Reduction and recycling of red mud is now an urgent work in aluminum industry. High gradient superconducting magnetic separation (HGSMS) system was applied to separate the extreme fine RM particles (<100 #mu#m) into high iron content part and low iron content part. Two sorts of RM were fed in the HGSMS. The iron oxide contents in concentrates were about 65% and 45% when RM 1 and RM 2 were fed respectively. Meanwhile, the residues contained 52.0% or 14.1% iron oxide in residues after eight separation stages when RM 1 and RM 2 were fed ...

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This paper addresses the stability aspects of several successful dc superconducting magnets such as large bubble chamber magnets, and magnets for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility and MHD Research Facility. Specifically, it will cover Argonne National Laboratory 12-Foot Bubble Chamber magnets, the 15-foot Bubble Chamber magnets at Fermi National Laboratory, the MFTF-B Magnet System at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the U-25B Bypass MHD Magnet, and the CFFF Superconducting MHD magnet built by Argonne National Laboratory. All of these magnets are cooled in pool-boiling mode. Magnet design is briefly reviewed. Discussed in detail are the adopted stability critera, analyses of stability and disturbance, stability simulation, and the final results of magnet ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the magnetic braking of the core of an axisymmetric cloud whose rotation axis is parallel to the mean direction of the magnetic field. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The magnetic fluid is a colloidal suspension of magnetite in kerosene, prepared by a low-cost process. Separation is accomplished in an open trough filled with magnetic fluid. A magnetic field is established in the fluid, by energizing an electromagnet having poles on each side of the trough. Due to the design of the magnet poles and air gaps, the magnetic field is strongest at the bottom, about 10,000 oersteds, and uniformly decreases in strength to about 2000 oersteds at the top of the fluid. Therefore, the magnetic field gradient increases with depth. The magnetic force attracts the entire separation medium (magnetic fluid) creating a reaction force of equal magnitude and acting in the opposite direction. This reaction created within a magnetic fluid/magnetic field combination ...

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In rare cases, large adrenal masses with a suspicion of malignancy exhibit tumor extension into the adrenal vein and inferior vena cava. When planning surgery, the relationship of the extension to the inferior vena cava is of decisive improtance. We describe in two cases on the detection of a tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava arising from a malignant adrenal mass by means of MR angiography (TOF, coronary 2D GRE images [FLASH], 3 slices acquired during 15 second apnea). The angiograms correlated well with the results of DSA venacavography and with the intraoperative findings. Thus, MRA has been demonstrated to be suitable for the certain proof of a venous tumor thrombus not only in cases of renal cell carcinomas but also in cases of malignant adrenal masses. The method should be applied whenever there is evidence of a venous involvement in the adrenal MR images. (orig.) [Deutsch] Grosse malignomverdaechtige ...

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Several steam generator tube rupture accidents have occurred at plants in the past. In this paper the Computational Multi-Fluid Dynamics (CMFD) investigation of the horizontal steam generator thermal-hydraulics during the tube rupture accident is performed. A guillotine of a steam generator U-tube is assumed with choked flow from the primary to the secondary side of the steam generator. We have computed water and steam velocity fields, steam volume fraction distribution on the steam generator secondary (shell) side, as well as the swell level increase. The simulation results are a support to the safety analyses of the steam generator tube rupture accident. Numerical simulation is performed with the multidimensional multi-fluid modelling approach. The two-phase flow around steam generator tubes in the bundle is modelled by the porous media approach. Interfacial mass, momentum and energy transfer are modelled with the closure laws. The governing equations are solved ...

CERN Document Server

A Bragg curve ionization chamber for acceleration mass spectrometry

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Phase transformations occuring during cold deformation in hardened #alpha#+#beta# titanium alloy of the Ti-Al-Mo-Zr-Sn-Si system with 10% summary content of alloying elements are studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. Two stages of trapsformation of metastable #alpha#''-phase are found. A conclusiop is made that ability of the alloy containing #alpha#''-phase to cold deformation is determined by the presence of favourable texture, by high degree of metastability and by volume portion of #alpha#''-phase in the alloy structure.

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Rare Earth Cobalt (REC) permanent magnets have unique properties that permit solutions to some optical tasks that cannot be accomplished with conventional magnets. A review of design and of performance characteristics of these magnets includes an analytical description of the three dimensional fringe fields of REC quadrupoles.

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Science.gov (United States)

Increasing the Mg(2+) concentration results in a depression of succincoxidase-linked state 3

Science.gov (United States)

... to changes in some of the system parameters by means of figures which show the two standard isotherme and two slightly distorted isotherms. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Passive films, formed on annealed and cold worked AISI 304 stainless steel in hot chloride media, were examined using polarization resistance and impedance measurements. The obtained results show the influence of cold work on film conductivity, which can be correlated to conditions of susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking. Capacitance measurements, using the Mott-Schottky approach, revealed that a change from n to p type semi-conductivity is associated to susceptible conditions with an increase in the doping density estimated for cold worked samples in the presence of chloride. It is assumed that p-type semi-conductivity of the passive film together with the position of the flat band potential has a strong influence on the dissolution processes at the corrosion potential. Based on this analysis the influence of plastic deformation, at the dislocation scale, is discussed. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cold spray was employed as a novel low temperature approach to deposit titanium dioxide (TiO{sub 2}) photocatalytic film. The film microstructure was characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The photocatalytic performance was examined through acetaldehyde degradation under ultraviolet illumination. Results showed that TiO{sub 2} film was successfully deposited on substrate surface through cold spray. The film thickness reached up to 15 {mu}m. The film presented a rough surface and porous structure. Owing to the low temperature of spray powder, no phase and particle size changes occurred to TiO{sub 2} during deposition. It was found that the cold-sprayed TiO{sub 2} film was active for photodegradation of acetaldehyde.

Science.gov (United States)

... is reduced: 1) by lack of oxygen, 2) in hypercapnia associated with closed rooms or tents, 3) by use of sleeping drugs, antipyretics, insulin, and 4 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... radiations isotopes magnetic moments nuclear cascades nuclear properties

Science.gov (United States)

... in the design of such devices as fusion reactors, magnetohydrodynamic generators, magnetically levitated vehicles, magnetic forming devices, and ...

Science.gov (United States)

Decoupling force exerted by magnetic forming Be coil assembly on metallic plate during forming

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper traces the development and progress of magnetic suspension systems and magnetic bearings in the USSR. The paper describes magnetic bearings for turbomachines, magnetic suspension systems for vibration isolation, some special measuring devices, wind tunnels, and other applications. The design, principles of operation, and dynamic characteristics of the system are presented.

Science.gov (United States)

New tetradentate N(2)O(2) donor Schiff bases and their mononuclear Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Pd(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized extensively by IR, (1)H-, (13)C-NMR, mass, ESR, conductivity measurements, elemental and thermal analysis. Specifically the magnetic and electronic spectral measurements demonstrate the octahedral structures of cobalt(II), nickel(II) complexes and square planar geometries of copper(II), palladium(II) complexes. All the ligands and complexes were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against two gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia). In this study, Pd(II) complexes exhibited potent antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus whereas other metal complexes also exerted good activity towards all tested strains even than standard drugs streptomycin and ampicillin. PMID:21297294

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The solid-pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas is a rare type of exocrine pancreatic neoplasm. SPT predominantly affects young women and female children, and is usually discovered incidentally. This tumor is generally benign with a low incidence of malignancy. A 13-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital with a few weeks' history of mild abdominal pain and jaundice. On physical examination, there was no palpable mass. The laboratory tests showed increased SR, CRP, high bilirubin, amylase and lipase serum levels. Ultrasound imaging revealed a solid lesion in the region of the pancreatic head. On MRI, precise tumor localization in the head of the pancreas with pancreatic duct dilatation and compression of the common bile duct were visualized. Pancreaticoduodenectomy and cholecystectomy was performed with good clinical outcome. Microscopic and immunohistochemical studies indicated that tumor cells were typical of SPT without any signs of malignancy. After ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The excellent high temperature strength and thermal conductivity of molybdenum-base alloys provide attractive features for components in advanced magnetic and inertial fusion devices. Refractory metal alloys react readily with oxygen and other gases. Oxidized molybdenum in turn is susceptible to losses from volatile molybdenum trioxide species, MoO{sub 3}(m), in air and the hydroxide, MoO{sub 2}(OH){sub 2}, formed from water vapor. Transport of radioactivity by the volatilization, migration, and re-deposition of these volatile species during a potential accident involving a loss of vacuum or inert environment represents a safety issue. In this report the authors present experimental results on the oxidation, volatilization and re-deposition of molybdenum from TZM in flowing air between 400 and 800 C. These results are compared with calculations obtained from a vaporization mass transfer model using chemical thermodynamic data for vapor ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A series of new non-discoid chiral copper(ii)-salen type complexes, [Cu((4-CnH2n+1O)2salen)], n = 14, 16, 18 and salen = N,N'-cyclohexane bis (salicylideneiminato), containing 4-substituted alkoxy tails in the side aromatic rings and a cyclohexane spacer, have been prepared and their mesogenic properties investigated. The compounds were characterised by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Mesomorphic properties of these compounds were studied by polarising optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The ligands are non-mesogenic but the complexes exhibited enantiotropic rectangular columnar mesophases (Colr) with extended temperat...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of 18 cases of hilar cholangiocarcinoma were evaluated to compare the effectiveness of Gd-DTPA with that of high dose contrast enhancement computed tomography (HCE-CT) in detecting the primary tumor. The primary tumor was demonstrated as having slightly low intensity compared with liver parenchyma and high intensity compared with the delated bile duct on T1-weighted images. In contrast, MRI using Gd-DTPA, which was carried out in five cases, revealed intense enhancement of the tumor. As the differentiation between cholangiocarcinoma and dilated bile duct was difficult, it was concluded that the use of Gd-DTPA improves the efficacy of MRI in diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma. Gd-DTPA was also effective in differentiating the growth pattern of the tumor: the infiltrating type was demonstrated as thickening of the wall of the bile duct, the polypoid type as a soft tissue mass in the bile duct. Contrast MRI study is ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The BESS detector is a new type of balloon-borne spectrometer which utilizes various technologies recently developed for collider experiments. The principal scientific objectives include a measurement of cosmic-ray antiproton spectrum, search for anti-nuclei in cosmic radiation, and precise measurements of cosmic-ray primaries. A thin superconducting solenoidal coil produces a uniform magnetic field of 1 T. Cylindrical drift chambers are located inside and outside the coil and perform continuous tracking. The momentum resolution is 0.5% at 1 GeV/c. i.e., the maximum detectable rigidity is 200 GV. Scintillation counter hodoscopes, placed above and below the solenoid, provide timing and dE/dx measurements and trigger generation. The timing resolution is 80 ps/counter. This cylindrical configuration achieves a large geometrical acceptance of 0.35 m{sup 2} sr which is essential to detect rare cosmic-ray particles. In order to cope with high trigger rate and large data ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A non-contact method, using magnetic drag force principle, was proposed to design the braking systems to improve the shortcomings of the conventional braking systems. The extensive literature detailing all aspects of the magnetic braking is briefly reviewed, however little of this refers specifically to upright magnetic braking system, which is useful for industries. One of the major issues to design upright magnetic system is to find out the magnetic flux. The changing magnetic flux induces eddy currents in the conductor. These currents dissipate energy in the conductor and generate drag force to slow down the motion. Therefore, a finite element model is developed to analyze the phenomena of magnetic flux density when air gap and materials of track are varied. The verification shows the predicted magnetic flux is within ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In a cold fusion method by electrolysis, a hydrogen occluding material mainly comprising vanadium is used as a material for a negative electrode, and lithium isotopes are incorporated in the material by more than 93%. That is, the ratio of lithium 7 ("7Li) isotope is increased to higher than the natural existent ratio, so that tritium ("3H) concentration in the hydrogen occluding material can be increased, to attain energy at high efficiency. (T.M.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Specifications of the PGV-1000 steam generators applied at the WWER-1000 NPP power units, operational experience and data on damages at the 'cold' heat carriers of steam generators are considered and their results are presented. Developed and introduced measures aimed at improving reliability and operational life of the PGV-1000 collectors are described.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To investigate the magnetic fluctuations and for further transport study, the poloidal and radial magnetic field measurement is conducted on the Sino United Spherical Tokamak (SUNIST). Auto-power spectral density indicates that the magnetic fluctuation energy mainly concentrates in the frequency region lower than 10 kHz. The magnetic field oscillations, which are characterized by harmonic frequencies of 40 kHz, are observed in the scrape-off layer; by contrast, in the plasma core, the magnetic fluctuations are of Gaussian type. The time-frequency profiles show that the poloidal magnetic fluctuations are temporally intermittent. The autocorrelation calculation indicates that the fluctuations in decorrelation time vary between the core and the edge. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The wavefunction of a particle extends into the classically forbidden barrier region of the potential energy surface. The consequence of this partial delocalisation is the phenomenon of quantum tunnelling, an effect which enables a particle to penetrate a potential barrier of magnitude greater than the energy of the particle. The tunnelling probability is an exponential function of the particle mass. The effect is therefore an important contribution to the behaviour of light atoms, in particular the proton. The hydrogen bond has long been appreciated to be an essential component of many biological and chemical systems, and the proton transfer reaction in the hydrogen bond is fundamental to many of these processes. The proton behaviour in the hydrogen bonds of benzoic acid, acetylacetone and calix-4-arene has been studied. A variety of techniques, both experimental and computational, were adopted for the study of the three hydrogen bonded systems. The complementary ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The sycamore lace bug, Corythucha ciliata is a new, invasive pest of Platanus trees in China. Although C. ciliata is often subjected to acute low temperatures in early winter and spring in northern and eastern China, the cold tolerance of C. ciliata has not been well studied. The objectives of this study were to determine whether adults of C. ciliata are capable of rapid cold hardening (RCH), and to compare the benefits of RCH vs. cold acclimation (ACC) in the laboratory. When the adult females incubated at 26^oC were transferred directly to the discriminating temperature (-12^oC) for 2h, survival was only 22%. However, exposure to 0^oC for 4h before transfer to -12^oC for 2h induced RCH, i.e., increased survival to 68%. RCH could also be induced by gradual cooling of the insects at rates ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three-dimensional dynamics of a compact toroid (CT) plasmoid, which is injected into a magnetized target plasma region is investigated by using magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical simulations. It is found that the process of the CT penetration into this region is much more complicated than what has been analyzed so far by using a conducting sphere (CS) model. The injected CT suffers from a tilting instability, which grows with the similar time scale as the CT penetration. The instability is accompanied by magnetic reconnection between the CT magnetic field and the target magnetic field, which disrupts the magnetic configuration of the CT. Magnetic reconnection plays a role to supply the high density plasma initially confined in the CT magnetic field into the target region. Also, the penetration depth of the CT high density plasma is ...

Science.gov (United States)

No Abstract Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Potassium clusters arrayed in zeolite A are known to show ferromagnetic properties at low temperature. The origin of the spontaneous magnetization has been explained by a model of spin-canting in an antiferromagnetically ordered state. The direct information for the magnetic structure, however, has not been obtained so far. In the present work, we measure the neutron powder diffraction by using pulsed neutron source at KEK-KENS below and above the Curie temperature. No significant temperature-dependence was, however, obtained within the statistical errors, namely, magnetic scattering could not be detected separately. We also estimate the intensity of magnetic scattering by assuming some possible magnetic structures with considering the magnetic form factor of the cluster wave function. The intensity of magnetic scattering is estimated to be ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scanning ion microscopy with polarization analysis (SIMPA) is used to study the spin-resolved surface magnetic structure of nano-sized magnetic systems. SIMPA is utilized for in situ topographic and spin-resolved magnetic domain imaging as well as for focused ion beam (FIB) etching of desired structures in magnetic or non-magnetic systems. Ultra-thin Co films are deposited on surfaces of Si(1 0 0) substrates, and ultra-thin, tri-layered, bct Fe(1 0 0)/Mn/bct Fe(1 0 0) wedged magnetic structures are deposited on fcc Pd(1 0 0) substrates. SIMPA experiments clearly show that ion-induced electrons emitted from magnetic surfaces exhibit non-zero electron spin polarization (ESP), whereas electrons emitted from non-magnetic surfaces such as Si and Pd exhibit zero ESP, which can be used to calibrate sputtering rates in situ. We ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A model is available in predicting flocculation frequencies between particles of various properties under the influence of a magnetic field. This model provides a basic understanding of fundamental phenomena, such as particle-particle and particle-collector interactions, occurring in HGMF (high gradient magnetic field), and will be extended to describe experimental data of particle flocculation and filtration and predict the performance of high- gradient magnetic filters. It is also expected that this model will eventually lead to a tool for design and optimization of magnetic filters for environmental, metallurgical, biochemical, and other applications.

Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english We present a detailed derivation of the effective dielectric constant to be used in the dispersion relation for electrostatic waves in the case of a plasma immersed in a inhomogeneous magnetic field, with inhomogeneity perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An analytic model of magnetic torques applied to an accreting neutron star is employed to evaluate the magnetic dipole moments of x-ray pulsars. A new type of close binary system containing a neutron star is suggested.

Science.gov (United States)

The past decade has seen the development of eddy current probes for inspection of the mildly ferro-magnetic alloy Monel 400. Due to the rapid advances in permanent magnet technology similar probes have been upgraded to magnetically saturate, and hence ins...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using gasoline as an example of additives for cold start improvement, fuel vapor composition of methanol-gasoline mixtures, fuel evaporation rate in consideration of temperature drop due to heat of fuel evaporation, air fuel ratio, stoichiometric air fuel ratio and excess air ratio of fuel vapor were calculated. The mixture formation of methanol-gasoline mixtures at low temperature in otto cycle engines was studied. Van Laar's empirical formula was used to estimate the partial pressure of high-percentage methanol blends. It was found that the most part of fuel vapor is occupied by gasoline, even when a small amount of gasoline is added to methanol resulting to an extremely small excess air ratio. It is obvious that this vapor pressure adjustment using gasoline is the dominant factor for improvement in cold startability. (10 figs, 1 tab, 10 refs)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Pectin rich cold stored spoiled fruits, vegetables and cold soils were screened and different pectinolytic isolates were obtained by enrichment culturing and ruthenium red plate assay. Among the primary isolates 10-15% were yeast isolates. Six isolates with higher zones of pectin hydrolysis were selected and tested for polygalacturonase (PGU) production at room temperature (25 degrees C) and at 5 degrees C. One isolate identified as Saccharomyces sp. with highest polygalacturonase activity at 5 degrees C was used for enzyme production using raw fruit pectins as substrates. The isolate was identified by preliminary cultural, morphological and sugar fermentation tests. PGU production was high in raw pectin substrates like orange peel (21 U/ml), apple peel (20 U/ml ), mango peel (19 U/ml), ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Advanced Neutron Source will be a new world-class facility for research using hot, thermal, cold, and ultra-cold neutrons. The heart of the facility will be a 330-MW (fission), heavy-water cooled and heavy-water moderated reactor. The reactor will be housed in a central reactor building, with supporting equipment located in an adjoining reactor support building. An array of cold neutron guides will fan out into a large guide hall, housing about 30 neutron research stations. Appropriate office, laboratory, and shop facilities will be included to provide a complete facility for users. The ANS is scheduled to begin operation at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory early in the next decade. This PDR document defines the plant-level requirements for the design, construction, and operation of ANS. It also defines and provides input to the individual System Design Description (SDD) documents. Together, this PDR document and the ...

Science.gov (United States)

Principle advantages of magnetic forming for part manufacture appear to lie ... to be an area of great potential for the magnetic forming process. We have a ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Several refrigerators for liquid helium and liquid nitrogen systems have been integrated successfully into IGC manufactured whole body Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) magnet systems. The refrigerators have been tested in systems with magnetic fields of 0.6T to 1.5T. Tests were performed to study the effectiveness of the refrigerators, the magnetic field effects on the refrigerators, the effect of the refrigerators on the field uniformity and magnetic resonance image quality. The interface between the refrigerator and the whole body MRI magnet system cryostat was specifically designed to allow retrofit to the existing IGC magnet systems, while ensuring good heat transfer characteristics and good vibration isolation from the cryostat. The interface between the refrigerator and the cryostat and the refrigerator test results are presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The ternary rare earth compound NdRh_4B_4 has been studied by means of critical field, low temperature heat capacity, and static magnetic susceptibility measurements. Features in the upper critical field and heat capacity data at 1.31 K and 0.89 K suggest the occurrence of long-range magnetic order in the superconducting state. The temperature dependence of the static magnetic susceptibility follows a Curie-Weiss law with an effective magnetic moment #mu#sub(eff) = 3.58 +- 0.05 #mu#sub(B) and a Curie-Weiss temperature thetasub(p) = -6.2 +- 1.0 K between 20 K and room temperature. However, magnetization vs. applied magnetic field isotherms suggest the development of a ferromagnetic component in the Nd"3"+ magnetization at low temperatures. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Highly ordered arrays of Ni nanoholes and Fe{sub 20}Ni{sub 80} antidots have been prepared, respectively, by replica/antireplica processing and sputtering techniques using nanoporous alumina membranes as templates. Geometrical characteristics as nanohole/antidot diameter, interpore distance and the overall hexagonal symmetry of arrays are controlled through the original templates. Experimental data on their hysteresis and magnetic domain structure have been taken by vibrating sample magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy, respectively. An analysis of the magnetization process, resulting magnetic anisotropy and magnetic domain structure is summarized considering the influence of those geometry aspects. In particular, the hexagonal symmetry and the density of nanohole/antidots determine the overall magnetic behavior, which is of interest in future high-density ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is shown that plasma viscosity does not influence the magnetic island rotation directly. Nevertheless, it leads to nonstationarity of the plasma velocity. This nonstationarity is the reason of the viscosity effect on island rotation. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

Effective localization of small magnets against a noisy, real world background can involve various methods to first identify the magnetic fields produced by the magnet of interest, then to filter out background noise, and then to analyze the available magnetic field data to localize the magnet. Here we discuss low cost techniques which allow localization of small magnets with field strengths in the milliGauss range against real world background fields in the range of hundreds of mG, which may be fluctuating by up to tens of mG. Such techniques allow magnet tracking to be used to localize catheters in place of more invasive and expensive methods, e.g. fluoroscopy, for a variety of applications, including drug infusion with peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs), laser ablation (TMR, PTMR) and introduction of pacemaker leads.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The dynamic response of cylindrical and ring-shaped YBaCuO bulk parts to pulsed magnetic fields is calculated by using small sets of finite elements. Some comparisons with experimental results are provided, and they give confidence in the modelling of the superconducting properties. Transient magnetizations as a function of time and space as well as shapes and absolute values of trapped magnetic flux profiles are presented. The influence of the sample geometry is investigated for different millisecond pulsed magnetization processes. Results are reported for different radial thicknesses and heights, different pulse durations, peak magnetic fields and pulse sequences with and without stepwise cooling. Comparisons concerning the achievable trapped magnetic field and flux are made, and implications for the use of high-temperature superconductor bulk parts as ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A nanosuspension of magnetically tagged metronidazole was developed by the solvent displacement method coupled with ultrasonication and was evaluated for its physicochemical properties. The drug release from metronidazole magnetic nanosuspension at pH 1.2 and 7.0 shows maximum correlation coefficient for zero order and Higuchi model, respectively. The anthelmintic activity of the formulated metronidazole magnetic nanosuspension was evaluated on Indian earthworms (Pheretima poi). Metronidazole magnetic nanosuspension at a dose of 10 and 50 mg/ml shortened by 31% and 34%, respectively, the mean time to death of the earthworms when compared against a non-magnetic metronidazole suspension. Thus, the developed metronidazole magnetic nanosuspension showed potent, controlled and targeted drug action and might be a good therapeutic avenue in combating infectious GI ...

Science.gov (United States)

... design, and manufacturing knowledge have been acquired and used to develop an 'in-house' capability for the fabrication of magnetic forming coils ...

Science.gov (United States)

has been generally related to magnetic forming. One of the methods suggested was the following: A "pancake" magnetic coil is placed over a thin aluminum ...

Science.gov (United States)

magnet research at several national laboratories through its Advanced Accelerator Technology Program. The HEP Conductor Development Program, a collaboration among national...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study on development of magnetic drive packless valves for commercial purpose showed the results as follows; 1. Study on the radial rays effecting to the permanent magnets -Measurement of the strength of Nd-magnets according to irradiation of radial rays. 2. Effects of temperature on the magnetic driving device -Temperature dependency of the Nd-casting magnets. -Effects of temperature on the heat releasing fins of high-temperature valve. 3. Optimization of torque -Arranging method of permanent magnets -Measuring method and results of torque. 4. Design, manufacture and test for the pressure-resisting structure of magnetic power transmitting device -Calculation and design for the flat circular plates under pressure of the magnetic power transmitting device -Design, manufacture and test for the pressure-resisting ...

Science.gov (United States)

of satellite, aircraft and ground-based observations. In ..... swarm traps by Utah Department of Food and Agriculture (DAF) personnel. Preliminary Results ..... the 150th anniversary of the book's publication and the 200th anniversary of Darwin's birth. ...... cold war submarine missions to find that Arctic Ocean ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

By pretreating simian virus 40-infected BSC-1 cells with glucosamine, [³H]uridine labeling of both cellular and viral RNA can be halted instantaneously by addition of cold uridine. We have...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Passive films, formed on annealed and cold worked AISI 304 stainless steel in hot chloride media, were examined using polarization resistance and impedance measurements. The obtained results show the influence of cold work on film conductivity, which can be correlated to conditions of susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking. Capacitance measurements, using the Mott-Schottky approach, revealed that a change from n to p type semi-conductivity is associated to susceptible conditions with an increase in the doping density estimated for cold worked samples in the presence of chloride. It is assumed that p-type semi-conductivity of the passive film together with the position of the flat band potential has a strong influence on the dissolution processes at the corrosion potential. Based on this analysis the influence of plastic deformation, at the dislocation scale, is discussed. (authors)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Pyrophosphate:fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase (PFP) was purified over 500-cold from endosperm of germinating castor bean (Ricinus commiunis L. var. Hale). The kinetic properties...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Animals sense changes in ambient temperature irrespective of whether core body temperature is internally maintained (homeotherms) or subject to environmental variation (poikilotherms). Here we show...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

;Contents: Energy Use; Building Fabric Performance; Ventilation and Infiltration; Passive Solar Design; Heating Systems and Controls; Hot and Cold Water Provision; and Lighting and Electrical Appliances.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Together with an investigation on the deformation behavior of hot and cold rolled strip edge, the edge-drop control was explained in characteristics and result of application to the commercial mill by the tapered-crown work roll (WR) shifting mill. From a cold rolling experiment, three-dimensional material flow was known to be generated in the vicinity of edge also at the time of rolling the strip, and which generation influences that of edge-drop. Almost linearly relative to the flattened deformation of WR, the edge-drop enlarges with enlargement in that deformation. The number of stands to be applied to the tapered-crown WR shifting mill in the tandem cold mill is determined by the location as far as which the strip is to be controlled in edge-drop. In case of improving it to obtain the edge-drop-free strip, all the stands are required to be equipped with tapered-crown WR shifting mill. By applying a tapered-crown WR ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The most commonly studied laboratory rodents possess a specialized form of fat called brown adipose tissue (BAT) that generates heat to help maintain body temperature in cold environments. In...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Massive particle candidates for dark matter provide a potentially observable signature by virtue of their annihilations in the galactic halo at a known but model-dependent rate. Possible signatures are described, including cosmic ray antiproton and gamma-ray production. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ewing's sarcoma classically presents as a hot spot on bone scan as a result of increased vascularity of the tumor and new bone formation. Purpose We report and analyze an uncommon pattern of a 'cold' lesion in Ewing's sarcoma on bone scan and its pathophysiologic significance. Case report A 15-year-old boy complaining of thigh pain. CT scan evoked Ewing's sarcoma or osteitis. MRI evoked chronic osteitis. Scintigraphy showed a fairly intense and heterogeneous uptake on the femoral lesion and no abnormal uptake elsewhere. Biopsy showed none pathologic pattern. Three months later, a second biopsy concluded to Ewing's sarcoma. Bone scan showed a larger lesion with peripheral intense uptake centered by enlarged 'cold' area in the left femoral diaphysis and no evident bone metastasis. The patient underwent chemotherapy and surgery. Three months later, bone scan showed extensive skeletal metastasis. Conclusion Ewing's sarcoma appears usually as an ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Natural convection of vaporizing Deuterium at 25 K transports the heat generated in the moderator cell of the cold neutron source to a He cooled condenser. The thermohydraulics of this thermosiphon were precalculated and the results verified by experiments in a 1:1 model using D_2 as fluid. The experimental results show that the thermosiphon operates stable. The demanded liquid content of the cell as well as wall temperatures below 50 K can be ensured by a proper design of the cell outlet flow geometry. A 7 min. loss of cryogenic power results in transient temperatures of the cell wall of not more than 300 K.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An apparatus is provided for rapidly restarting the flow of coolant through the cold electromagnetic shield of a superconducting rotor following a thermal transient episode. A vortex diode inhibits coolant flow in the undesirable reverse direction and encourages the reestablishment of a normal thermosyphon cooling loop flow quickly following the termination of a thermal transient such as that caused by transmission line faults. The present invention requires no moving parts and may therefore be permanently sealed in the superconducting rotor without risk of costly repair efforts caused by components failure.

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The mechanisms of brown adipocyte proliferation and differentiation during cold acclimation (and/or adaptation to hyperphagia) have been studied by quantitative photonic radioautography. (/sup 3/H)thymidine was injected to warm-acclimated (25/sup 0/C) rats and to animals exposed to 5/sup 0/C for 2 days. Samples of interscapular brown adipose tissue were collected for quantitative analysis of mitotic frequencies at various periods of time (4 h-15 days) after the injection of (/sup 3/H)thymidine, the rats being maintained at the temperatures to which they were initially exposed. It was found that cold exposure for 2 days markedly enhanced mitotic activity in endothelial cells, interstitial cells, and brown preadipocytes rather than in fully differentiated brown adipocytes. The total tissue labeling index (percent of labeled nuclei) increased approx.70 times over control values. The authors now report that cellular labeling progressively increased ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Results are presented of an empirical analysis of the global thermodynamical requirements of the winds in the outer atmospheres of a representative sample of red giant stars of low- and intermediate-mass range. Results indicate that the mass-loss rates in these stars are not strongly dependent on the actual physical processes driving the winds. It is suggested that nonlinear processes act to regulate wind energy fluxes. Possible mechanisms responsible for the chromospheric heating and the mass loss in the low- and intermediate-mass giant stars are discussed. 151 refs.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

... Title : THE APPLICATION OF STEEP PULSE CURRENTS TO THE ELECTROHYDRAULIC AND MAGNETIC FORMING OF METALS. ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

... decoherence. Descriptors : *QUANTUM COMPUTING, NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS. Subject ...

Science.gov (United States)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The MOS-technology allows to make tiny electronic lenses for multibeam electron systems. In the paper results of research and principles of designing of tiny magnetic electron lenses are submitted. Electronic lenses with a nonconventional configuration of tiny magnetic circuit and electronic lenses with coincident electric and magnetic fields in nonconventional tiny performance are considered

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

... crystals and polycrystals. Nevertheless, explosive forming, magnetic forming, etc., are all high-strain-rate processes that ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Laser spectroscopy measurements have been performed on neutron-deficient and stable Ir isotopes using the COMPLIS experimental setup installed at ISOLDE-CERN. The radioactive Ir atoms were obtained from successive decays of a mass-separated Hg beam deposited onto a carbon substrate after deceleration to 1kV and subsequently laser desorbed. A three-color, two-step resonant scheme was used to selectively ionize the desorbed Ir atoms. The hyperfine structure (HFS) and isotope shift (IS) of the first transition of the ionization path 5d{sup 7}6s{sup 24}F{sub 9/2}{yields}5d{sup 7}6s6p{sup 6}F{sub 11/2} at 351.5nm were measured for {sup 182-189}Ir, {sup 186}Ir{sup m} and the stable {sup 191,193}Ir. The nuclear magnetic moments {mu}{sub I} and the spectroscopic quadrupole moments Q{sub s} were obtained from the HFS spectra and the change of the mean square charge radii from the IS measurements. The sign of {mu}{sub I} was experimentally determined for ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The compound GdPd_2Si, which is reported to order antiferromagnetically at 13 K, has been investigated by heat capacity and electrical resistivity measurement in the presence of external magnetic fields. In contrast to an earlier report, the zero-field heat capacity and resistivity data indicate two magnetic transitions at 13 and 17 K. The external magnetic field substantially influences the resistivity and heat capacity of the compound around the magnetic ordering temperature. The magnetocaloric effect, which is calculated from in-field heat capacity data, is quite large around the magnetic transition temperature. The magnetoresistance is also large near the magnetic ordering temperature. The metamagnetic transition is observed for 10 kOe magnetic field both in magnetocaloric and in magnetoresistance data. The metamagnetic transition ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The characteristics of the local magnetic shear, a quantity associated with high-mode-number ballooning mode stability, are considered in heliotron/torsatron devices that have a large Shafranov shift. The local magnetic shear is shown to vanish even in the stellarator-like region in which the global magnetic shear is positive. The reason for this is that the degree of the local compression of the poloidal magnetic field on the outer side of the torus, which maintains the toroidal force balance, is reduced in the stellarator-like region of global magnetic shear because the global rotational transform in heliotron/torsatron systems is a radially increasing function. This vanishing of the local magnetic shear is a universal property in heliotron/torsatron systems with a large Shafranov shift since it results from toroidal force balance in the stellarator-like ...