UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

PurposeUltrasonically measured intravesical prostatic protrusion may be a promising noninvasive method of assessing bladder outlet obstruction. Previous investigations...Full Text Available

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This case report describes the treatment of a 16-year-old girl who had severe bialveolar protrusion. Patients with bialveolar protrusion are commonly treated with four first premolar extractions and retraction of the anterior teeth. Unfortunately in this patient, the mandibular left second molar had to be extracted because of extensive caries. To create sufficient space for retraction of the anterior teeth, the mandibular left posterior teeth were retracted with the mandibular posterior microimplant (1.2 mm in diameter, 6 mm long) placed into the retromolar area followed by en masse retraction of the mandibular anterior teeth. Microimplants can provide anchorage for obtaining a good facial profile even without premolar extraction in the case of bialveolar protrusion with the absence of the second molar. PMID:17319776

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the utilization of the thermal energy by ocean temperature difference and factory waste heat, the high performance heating surfaces in pipes from which scale can be removed are required. As the method of removing scale, the method using sponge balls seems most suitable, but for applying this method, as the form of the protrusions attached to the inner surfaces of pipes, smooth circular are form is desirable. The promotion of heat transfer with the rows of circular arc protrusions like this is strongly related to the mode of flow and such structure as separation, recirculation flow, readhesion and turbulent energy generation. In this study, as the basic research to optimize the heating surface with the rows of smooth protrusions, the flow characteristics and the heat transfer characteristics including the turbulent structure of the wake of protrusions were experimentally determined, and the essence of ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This case report presents a case that underwent orthognathic treatment with anterior segmental osteotomies on both jaws. The patient was a 26-year-old female with maxillary protrusion, lip incompetence with an everted vermilion border. The overbite was +1.0mm, overjet +1.0mm. The pre-surgical orthodontic treatment included the extraction of the four first premolars and a multi-bracket treatment was started. After 12 months of pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, both the anterior maxillary and the anterior mandibular segments were retracted surgically by 5.5mm. The total treatment period was 18 months. An anterior segmental osteotomy can induce the remarkable structural changes for bimaxillary lip protrusion patients.

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On an airplane, the lift force (the aerodynamic force perpendicular to the flight direction) is used to overcome the weight. On a rocket, thrust is used in opposition ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Numerical studies are performed to identify an optimal range of geometric parameters in connection with the design of an impingement-conditioned small direct-injection diesel engine. The parametric studies were made in a pressure chamber with a circular protrusion on to which sprays are directed to impinge. Computational runs were made for 24 cases carefully chosen to allow examination of the effects on post-impingement spray characteristics of the following parameters: (a) the nozzle-plate distance and (b) the size and geometry pattern of the protrusion. An optimal range of these parameters has been identified through an analysis of the calculated results in terms of vapour concentration, the Sauter mean diameter of the wall spray and the dispersed wall spray volume. The results obtained also reveals that, by just changing the size of the impingement surface and the impingement distance, local fuel vaporization efficiency can be increased as ...

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Eliminating anterior tooth contact is paramount when treating combination syndrome. It is possible to do so through the use of linear occlusion with a non-interceptive arrangement and the bilateral fulcrum of protrusive stability. The presence of mandibular anterior teeth often complicates this procedure. When establishing the horizontal plane of occlusion, clinical circumstances often necessitate modifications; nevertheless, certain principles must be incorporated into the design of the prostheses. Clinical circumstances may dictate altering the approach but these principles must be maintained to eliminate anterior hyperfunction. PMID:15055634

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Impediments to the Creation of a Specialized ... 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Impediments to the Creation of a Specialized Force for Stability Operations ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The repulsive Casimir force is expected as a force which enables to levitate small objects such as machine parts used in Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), and superlubricity in MEMS may be realized by this levitation. We study the Casimir force between a gold sphere and a nanocomposite sheet containing many nickel nanoparticles. In particular, we focus on the dependence of the Casimir force on the separation between the gold sphere and the surface of the nanocomposite sheet. The Casimir force changes from the attractive force to the repulsive force as the separation increases. The strength of the repulsive force is, however, too small to levitate MEMS parts.

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... WHS- Washington Headquarters Service ... paper will advocate assignment of a Commander, Air Force Forces for all Joint Task Forces conducting ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The force required to break the conidium-conidiophore attachment in Helminthosporium maydis was measured by centrifugation and by a small jet of air. The force which removed half the...Full Text Available

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Although the outer surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes (atomically thin cylinders of carbon) can be involved in a wide range of chemical reactions, it is generally thought that the interior surface of nanotubes is unreactive. In this study, we show that in the presence of catalytically active atoms of rhenium inserted into nanotubes, the nanotube sidewall can be engaged in chemical reactions from the inside. Aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy operated at 80?keV allows visualization of the formation of nanometre-sized hollow protrusions on the nanotube sidewall at the atomic level in real time at ambient temperature. Our direct observations and theoretical modelling demonstrate that the nanoprotrusions are formed in three stages: (i) metal-assisted d...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The results of an investigation into tailed nuclei (TN) and features of dose dependence on frequency of the binuclear cells with TN in human lymphocyte cultures by cytogenetic block method upon X-ray radiation dose are presented. The frequencies of metaphases with dicentric and ring chromosomes are investigated concurrent with TN formed upon completion of first postradiation mitosis. Frequency of the appearance of binuclear cells with nuclei having outgrowth into the cytoplasmic space and arises after first mitosis in human lymphocyte culture is linear-square dependent on the X-irradiation at doses from 0.0 to 4.0 Gy. Positive correlation between frequency of cells with tailed nuclei and frequency of metaphases of first mitosis having dicentric and rings was established. Apparently, formation such TN is connected with dicentric and rings

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the changes of soft and hard tissues after modified anterior segmental osteotomy on the maxilla and mandible and to evaluate unintended facial changes using cephalometric and photometric analyses.Materials and MethodsThe subjects included 29 women and 1 man (22 to 50 years of age) who were diagnosed as bialveolar or bimaxillary protrusion and underwent modified anterior segmental osteotomy on the maxilla and mandible. Lateral cephalograms and lateral and frontal photographs taken preoperatively and postoperatively were analyzed.ResultsThere was a significant change in all soft and hard tissue parameters except the labiomental angle. The ratio of upper lip to maxillary incisor retraction was 0.67:1 and the ratio of l...

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Special Operations Forces (SOF) within a Joint Task Force are controlled by a Joint Special Operations Task Force (JSOTF). Presently, JSOTF headquarters are formed around the core of the Theater Special Operations Command (TSOC), a service SOF headquarter...

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... operations. Of these two divisions, only the paratroopers of the 82nd Airborne Division can conduct a strategic forcible entry into a ...

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... directed the transformation of designated Service operational headquarters into effective and scalable Joint Task Force headquarters capable of ...

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... Khobar Towers bombing in three ways. The first was to revaluate the force posture in the Arabian Gulf region. This led to ...

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Information superiority provides the Joint force a competitive ... Information Grid (GIG) as it matures and fills the needs of the Joint Task Force ... representatives from The Army Secretariat, Headquarters Department of Army ...

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... Headquarters Element, Defense Logistics Agency, Support Detachment 3 ... Joint Task Force, Team 6 ... 19th Special Forces Group, Support Element 1 ...

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... 2nd Battalion, 20th Special Forces Group, Company B ... Headquarters, 29th Infantry Division, Joint Task Force-Augmentation ...

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... 7th Joint Task Force Augmentation Team Schwetzingen ... Headquarters 85th Division Training Support, Detach 2 ... 20th Special Forces Company A ...

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... Civil Engineering Page 2. ... 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Transforming Civil Engineering (Air Force Civil Engineer, Volume 15, Number 1, 2007) 5a. ...

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... WHS- Washington Headquarters Service. ... US Military (ie, Army, Navy, Air Force) service publications ... Strike Group to Fight in the Joint Task Force. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

I present and discuss recent results on nuclear forces and few-nucleon systems obtained in the framework of chiral effective nuclear field theory.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate the effects of the velocity-dependent force on the magnetic form factors and magnetic moments of odd-Z nuclei. The form factors are calculated with the harmonic-oscillator wavefunctions. It is found that the contributions of the velocity-dependent force manifest themselves in the very large momentum transfer region (q?4 fm-1). In the low and medium q region the contributions of the velocity-dependent force are very small compared with those without this force. However, in the high-q region the contributions of the velocity-dependent force are larger than the normal form factors. The diffraction structures beyond the existing experimental data are found after the contributions of the velocity-dependent force are included. The formula of the correction to the single particle magnetic moment due to the velocity-dependent force is ...

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... WHS- Washington Headquarters Service. ... The standing Joint Task Force concept should be used more to provide warfighter forces and ...

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... This is the case for the 82nd Airborne Division ready brigade force (DRB) and the Military Airlift Command (MAC) strategic airlift system operating ...

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Feb 6, 2003 ... Director, Plans and Programs, Headquarters Air Force Materiel Command, .... Commander of the Joint Task Force Southwest Asia at Prince ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe function of a cylinder allowing simultaneous measurements of the opposition axis of the index finger and thumb of the hand and the magnitude of pinch force is described.Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

Cell membranes are studded with protrusions that were thoroughly analyzed with electron microscopy. However, the nanometer-scale three-dimensional motions generated by cell membranes to fit the topography of foreign surfaces and initiate adhesion remain poorly understood. Here, we describe the dynamics of surface deformations displayed by monocytic cells bumping against fibronectin-coated surfaces. We observed membrane undulations with typically 5 nm amplitude and 5-10 second lifetime. Cell membranes behaved as independent units of micrometer size. Cells detected the presence of foreign surfaces at 50 nm separation, resulting in time-dependent amplification of membrane undulations. Molecular contact then ensued with apparent cell-membrane separation of 30-40 nm, and this distance steadily decreased during the following tens of seconds. Contact maturation was associated with in-plane egress of bulky molecules and robust membrane fluctuations. Thus, membrane ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The piston bowl design is one of the most important factors that affect the air-fuel mixing and the subsequent combustion and pollutant formation processes in a direct-injection diesel engine. The bowl geometry and dimensions, such as the pip region, bowl lip area, and toroidal radius, are all known to have an effect on the in-cylinder mixing and combustion process. In order to understand better the effect of re-entrant geometry, three piston bowls with different toroidal radii and lip shapes were investigated using computational fluid dynamics engine modelling. KIVA3V with improved submodels was used to model the in-cylinder flows and combustion process, and it was validated on a high-speed direct-injection engine with a second-generation common-rail fuel injection system. The engine's performance, in-cylinder flow, and combustion, and emission characteristics were analysed at maximum power and maximum torque conditions and at part-load operating conditions. Three injector ...

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... and the Commonwealth forces launched Operation GOODWOOD in an attempt to break through the German lines. In the ...

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United States Air Force security forces have a central role in force protection. Their missions include military police services, installation security, air base defense, military working dog functions, and combat arms training and maintenance. Surveys in...

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Task Force solicited comments on its Draft Final Report from a variety of sources. Letters were sent to over 400 individuals who had expressed interest in the interest in the Department`s radioactive waste, management programs, a notice was placed in the Federal Register, the morning session of the January 1993 meeting of the full Secretary of Energy Advisory Board was given over to discussion of the draft, and Task Force members and staff presented the effort at several professional meetings. Altogether 32 written comments were received. They are reproduced here, followed in each case by the Task Force`s response to specific suggestions made to improve the draft. (The panel did not respond to comments that simply reflected policy preferences or that praised the group`s effort.) With one exception, those specific suggestions are highlighted and given a letter designation from {open_quotes}A{close_quotes} to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Blowdown thrust forces and decompression characteristics were evaluated concerning the jet discharge or pipe whip tests with a 4-inch or 6-inch diameter pipe under PWR LOCA or BWR LOCA conditions related to pipe rupture accidents in nuclear power plants. This paper presents experimental evaluations of time-dependent and maximum blowdown thrust forces, and evaluations of decompression characteristics under instantaneous pipe rupture conditions. The following items are discussed: the peak value of the blowdown thrust force, the jet thrust coefficient for the maximum blowdown thrust force, the pressure recovery after break, and the relationship between the pressure undershoot of the sudden decompression and the decompression rate.

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... Headquarters 5th Brugade 78th Division (Ts) ... 2nd Battalion 20th Special Forces Company B ... 29th Corps Personnel Serves Hq Joint Task Force Aug ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A preventive medicine program of rubella control for trainees at the Air Force Military Training Center, Lackland AFB, Texas, was begun in October 1977. Incoming trainees were screened for rubella susceptibility,...Full Text Available

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For aerodynamic force measurement in the ISL shock tunnel, the authors have developed a novel measurement technique. Its key feature is a mounting support, which releases the test model and tightens it again after a free flight duration of 10 to 15 millis...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Most mechanical forces acting on the skeleton are generated either through impact with the ground (i.e., gravitational loading) or through muscle contractions (i.e., muscle loading). If one...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Catch is a mechanical state occurring in some invertebrate smooth muscles characterized by high force maintenance and resistance to stretch during extremely slow relaxation. During catch, intracellular...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Diamagnetic samples placed in a strong magnetic field and a magnetic field gradient experience a magnetic force. Stable magnetic levitation occurs when the magnetic force exactly counter balances...Full Text Available

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The October 2000 terrorist attack on the guided-missile destroyer USS Cole (DDG 67) in the port of Aden, Yemen, is commonly viewed in the larger context of al-Qa'ida's September 11th campaign. Beyond the initial official investigations, the military force...

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The influence of geometry and operating conditions of the centrifugal compressor stage on the radial gas force is determined on the basis of the theoretical method and calculation program using experimental boundary conditions.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The thiadiazinon derivative EMD 57033 has been found previously in cardiac muscle to increase isometric force generation without a proportional increase in fiber ATPase, thus causing a reduction in...Full Text Available

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As requested by the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics) and the Director DARPA, the Defense Science Board task force performed a one-time independent evaluation of the technology investment for the Defense Advanced Research...

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This study investigates the doctrinal guidance available to a corps headquarters if required to serve as ajoint task force headquarters and simultaneously be required to warfight the corps. The study contends that a corps being required to simultaneously ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Mechanical forces can regulate various functions in living cells. The cytoskeleton is a crucial element for the transduction of forces in cell-internal signals and subsequent biological responses. Accordingly,...Full Text Available

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... Task Force Commander's Handbook for Domestic ... and Radiological (CBR) Defense Requirements Supporting ... DC: Department of Navy, May 1996 ...

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... The second section describes the role and functions of a corps as a joint task force headquarters and uses Operation Uphold Democracy ...

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... h. Sick leave ..... 162 ... appraisals and approval of leave. ... Retirement System, FERS are employees ...

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... 2-22 Page 31. The mercury barometer operates on the principle of air pressure forcing the mercury column up an evacuated tube. ...

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roller bearing strength suffi- cient to support efficient, rolling friction movement, even in the presence of large, resisting forces. ...

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... Admiral Olson mentions the requirement for a standing joint task force headquarters in USSOCOM in order to fulfill the command's charter as a ...

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... The maximum rate-of-deflection is not&d to decresse with increase of pedel force; or amount of resistance to deflection. ...

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... Training System (JMATS) for joint C-130J training. However, the ... the C-130J's being procured by the Air Force. A logical ...

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Decoupling force exerted by magnetic forming Be coil assembly on metallic plate during forming

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A number of interactions between magnetic fields and matter is reviewed. The resulting forces range in magnitude from the very large, obtained in high-energy fields, to the weak ones caused by the magnetostriction of ferromagnets. The fundamentals of these interactions are highlighted, and the examples discussed are forces on dipoles, particle alignment, magnetostrictive forces, magnetic forming, magnetic stirring, levitation melting, and magnetic pulsing of tool steels. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We study the three-nucleon force in chiral effective field theory with explicit {delta}-resonance degrees of freedom. We show that up to next-to-next-to-leading order, the only contribution to the isospin symmetric three-nucleon force involving the spin-3/2 degrees of freedom is given by the two-pion-exchange diagram with an intermediate delta, frequently called the Fujita-Miyazawa force. We also analyze the leading isospin-breaking corrections due to the delta. For that, we give the first quantitative analysis of the delta quartet mass splittings in chiral effective field theory including the leading electromagnetic corrections. The charge-symmetry breaking three-nucleon force due to an intermediate delta excitation is small, of the order of a few keV.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Mechanomyography (MMG) is the muscle surface oscillations that are generated by the dimensional change of the contracting muscle fibers. Because MMG reflects the number of recruited motor units and their firing rates, just as electromyography (EMG) is influenced by these two factors, it can be used to estimate the force exerted by skeletal muscles. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of MMG for estimating the elbow flexion force at the wrist under an isometric contraction by using an artificial neural network in comparison with EMG. We performed experiments with five subjects, and the force at the wrist and the MMG from the contributing muscles were recorded. It was found that MMG could be utilized to accurately estimate the isometric elbow flexion force based on the v...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Dust particles in a plasma are charged negatively and are subject to various types of forces, including a drag force by plasma particles and a force due to the collective nature of a plasma. Dust particles are found in a sheath in laboratories balanced by the gravitational force and the electric force, while dust particles in space are ubiquitous, including planetary magnetospheres and interstellar space. Because of the novel nature of a complex system involving plasma particles and dust particles in a collective way, the dusty plasma is often called a complex plasma. The complex plasma is characterized by two distinctly different scales in time and in space. The plasma with electrons, ions and neutrals is characterized by the collective motion with a fast time scale and a short wavelength, while the dust particles move in a slow time scale and a long spatial scale. Some fundamental ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three different magnetic regimes; aerial, surface and buried; each with three different forces, have been used to investigate their effects on the water contents and photosynthetic pigments of sweet basil plants (Ocimum basilicum L.). Two groups of sweet basil seeds, Ocimum basilicum L. have been cultivated, one under normal conditions and the second has been subdivided into three portion (aerial, surface and buried) to examine the effect of different magnetic forces coming from the three directions on the resulted plants. At all directions of magnets, water contents have been significantly affected by the magnetic forces. Chlorophyll A and carotene contents have been affected, as well, according to the three magnetic forces coming from soil surface regime only. Chlorophyll B did not significantly affected by differences magnetic forces in the three regimes, but it is affected by ...

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The analytical results of blowdown characteristics and thrust forces were compared with the experiments, which were performed as pipe whip and jet discharge tests under the PWR LOCA conditions. The blowdown thrust forces were obtained by Navier-Stokes momentum equation for a single-phase, homogeneous and separated two-phase flow, assuming critical pressure at the exit if a critical flow condition was satisfied. The following results are obtained: (1) The node-junction method is useful for both the analyses of the blowdown thrust force and of the water hammer phenomena. (2) The Henry-Fauske model for subcooled critical flow is effective for the analysis of the maximum thrust force under the PWR LOCA conditions. The jet thrust parameter of the analysis and experiment is equal to 1.08. (3) The thrust parameter of saturated blowdown has the same one with the value under pressurized condition when the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book presents the basic ideas of the physics of non-gravitational perturbations and the mathematics required to compute their orbital effects. It conveys the relevance of the different problems that must be solved to achieve a given level of accuracy in orbit determination and in recovery of geophysically significant parameters. Selected Contents are: Orders of Magnitude of the Perturbing Forces, Tides and Apparent Forces, Tools from Celestial Mechanics, Solar Radiation Pressure-Direct Effects: Satellite-Solar Radiation Interaction, Long-Term Effects on Semi-Major Axis, Radiation Pressure-Indirect Effects: Earth-Reflected Radiation Pressure, Anisotropic Thermal Emission, Drag: Orbital Perturbations by a Drag-Like Force, and Charged Particle Drag.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Surface quality is one of the most important criteria for establishing the optimum cutting parameters needed to perform a machining process. Usually, the evaluation of the degree of the surface finishing requires to apply metrological techniques which involve times out in the production. As a consequence of this, a loss in both the economy of the process and the fiability of the tests reproducibility can be produced. In this work a relation between cutting force and surface roughness has been studied for the turning process of an Al-Cu alloy. From this relation, the surface quality of the machined samples can be evaluated by using the cutting forces values acquired during the cutting process. (Author) 8 refs.

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... hypersonic aerodynamic force, or the space-equivalent region. Some of these experiments change the X-15 from a research airplane to a kind of space probe, ...

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... Occasionally during the climb tests there appeared to be very slight lightening of the pedEl forces just before full travel was reached. /4.2.... - ...

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... 14. Pfeifer, HJ, (1986), "Correlation and Spectral Density Measurements by LDA," Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Applications of ...

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... Army 2nd Brigade, 82nd Airborne Division Fort Bragg, NC January, 2007 ... 1st Brigade, 82nd Airborne Division Fort Bragg, NC early-2007 ...

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This paper discusses the restructure of the Milstar communication satellite program. The resulting system is substantially streamlined, and will provide better utilization by tactical forces without compromising strategic nuclear communications requirements.

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... Concerning Persons and Organizations not Affiliated with the Department of Defense," January 7, 1980 (f) DoD 5240.1-R, "Procedures Governing ...

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... Prior to 1977, one group, the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy, had oversight. Since 1977, this responsibility has been ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Political leaders in numerous nations argue for an upper limit of the global average surface temperature of 2 K above the pre-industrial level, in order to attempt to avoid the most serious impacts of climate change. This paper analyzes what this limit implies in terms of radiative forcing, emissions pathways and abatement costs, for a range of assumptions on rate of ocean heat uptake and climate sensitivity. The primary aim is to analyze the importance of ocean heat uptake for radiative forcing pathways that temporarily overshoot the long-run stabilization forcing, yet keep the temperature increase at or below the 2 K limit. In order to generate such pathways, an integrated climate-economy model, MiMiC, is used, in which the emissions pathways generated represent the least-cost solution o...

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... east. The two most important offensives, Operation EPSOM (25 June to 1 July 1944) and Operation GOODWOOD (18 to ...

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The purpose of this study was to examine the day-to-day reproducibility and single measurement reliability of peak force, time to half peak force and rate of force development indices of knee extension neuromuscular performance in patients with end-stage renal failure. Eleven self-selected patients (6 men, 5 women) receiving maintenance dialysis (dialysis history 67 +/- 42.8 month) completed 3 inter-day assessment sessions. Each comprised a standardized warm-up and 3 intermittent static maximal voluntary actions of the knee extensors of the preferred limb (45 degrees knee flexion angle [0 degrees = full knee extension]) using a specially-constructed dynamometer. Repeated measures ANOVA of coefficient of variation scores revealed significant differences between indices in their reproducibility across day-to-day trials. Post-hoc comparisons of group mean scores suggested that peak force (6.6 +/- 3.0%) ...

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An almost linear optimization problem of importance in vibration isolation has been identified and algorithms were developed to minimize the forced vibrational response of structural systems. The constraints can be either displacements of accelerations. T...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes a nonlinear dynamic analysis of TVA high energy line pipe whip tests using the ABAQUS-EPGEN code. The analysis considers the effects of large deformation and strain rate on resisting moment and energy absorption capability. The numerical results of impact forces, impact velocities, pipe strains, and reaction forces at pipe supports are compared to the TVA test data. The calculated pipe whip impact time and forces are also compared with those predicted using current industry practice. The calculated pipe support reaction forces are found to be in good agreement with the TVA test data except for some peak values at the very beginning of the pipe break. These peaks are believed to be due to stress wave propagation which cannot be addressed by the ABAQUS code. Both elbow crushing and strain rate have been approximately simulated. The effects are found to be important for pipe whip ...

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... heavy divisions in the Contingency Corps should ... During Operation Desert Shield the 82nd Airborne Division initially deployed a reinforced attack ...

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... WHS- Washington Headquarters Service ... but also with respect to other Joint, National and ... unit of action (UA) combat team or task force is organized ...

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... established in allied communications publications (ACP); DISA circulars (DISAC), Joint Army-Navy-Air Force publications (JANAP), and MAJ- COM ...

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... of six lightning warning systems was carried out in 1979 as a result of lightning-induced premature explosions in open-pit mining operations. ...

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... XVIII Airborne Corps forces grew from one brigade of the 82nd Airborne Division to a multi-national organization of five full divisions (Eastern Area ...

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... public and civilian leadership considers the Insertion of the 82nd ... C+7, an airborne/light division by C+ 12, two heavy divisions by C+30, ...

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... WHS- Washington Headquarters Service ... present a framework based on political campaigns theory for both the Joint Task Force Commander down ...

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... 129 US Armored Division Casualty and Tank Loss Rates ..... 132 British Casualty and rank Loss Rates in Operation "Goodwood" . 134 Page 5. ...

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... Chiefs of Staff, Joint Operation Planning and Execution System (JOPES) Volume I, Planning and Procedures, CJCSM 3122.01A (Washington, DC ...

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... Abstract : The United States Air Force (USAF) currently operates the Milstar satellite system to provide Military Satellite Communication Systems ...

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... and Unmanned Undersea Vehicle (UUV) communities as well. ... utilizes the Multi-Robot Operator Control ... Extending Mobile Security Robots to Force ...

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... the USCINCPAC staff and the staff of the commander, US Seventh Fleet, as a designated Pacific Command Joint Task Force Headquarters, in crisis ...

CERN Document Server

We extend a previous result [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 090403 (2010)] on Casimir repulsion between a plate with a hole and a cylinder centered above it to geometries in which the central object can no longer be treated as a point dipole. We show through numerical calculations that as the distance between the plate and central object decreases, there is an intermediate regime in which the repulsive force increases dramatically. Beyond this, the force rapidly switches over to attraction as the separation decreases further to zero, in line with the proximity force approximation. We demonstrate that this effect can be understood as a competition between an increased repulsion due to a larger polarizability of the central object interacting with increased fringing fields near the edge of the plate, and attractive forces due primarily to the nonzero thickness of the plate. In comparison with our previous work, we ...

CERN Multimedia

The next generation of particle accelerator is currently being designed at CERN. An understanding of the market forces in the computer industry will play a crucial role in the success of the project.

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aerodynamic force and moment values. Only the solid and the 25 percent porous dishes were tested for the static pressure values used primarily to determine ...

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... i3a. ... This pioneering research established the new Air Force standard for future ... Echols ,.stablished new standards for high- altitude long-range flight ...

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This study investigated the feasibility of using a new adsorbent prepared from coconut coir pith, CP (a coir industry-based lignocellulosic residue), for the removal of uranium [U(VI)] from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent (PGCP-COOH) having a carboxylate functional group at the chain end was synthesized by grafting poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate) onto CP using potassium peroxydisulphate-sodium thiosulphite as a redox initiator and in the presence of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent. IR spectroscopy results confirm the graft copolymer formation and carboxylate functionalization. XRD studies confirm the decrease of crystallinity in PGCP-COOH compared to CP, and it favors the protrusion of the functional group into the aqueous medium. The thermal stability of the samples was studied using thermogravimetry (TG). Surface charge density of the samples as a function of pH was determined using potentiometric titration. The ability of PGCP-COOH to remove ...

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Wind-tunnel measurements were taken of the time-average aerodynamic forces and moments on a notional model of a semi-submersible offshore drilling rig at two heights and at various attitudes to the wind. Attempts were made to analyze the separate effects ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper extends the development of a new formulation of the theory of tachyons to encompass the dynamics of tachyons. Energy and momentum are discussed along with the proper mass of a tachyon. The transformation of force in extended relativity (ER) is derived. Acceleration in ER is also discussed, as well as the relationship between force and acceleration. Two simple examples relating to the motion of a charged tachyon are discussed, followed by a brief explanation of why tachyons cannot emit Cerenkov radiation in a vacuum. 13 refs., 3 figs.

Wastenet

...In 2000, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) came into force, introducing a comprehensive, river basin based water management for Europe. The aim of the Directive is ...In 2000, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) came into force, introducing a comprehensive, river basin based water management for Europe. The aim of the Directive ...

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The United States Air Force (USAF) 460th Space Wing (460 SW) proposes to relocate and construct a Military Working Dog (MWD) kennel facility on Buckley Air Force Base (AFB) in response to changing land use surrounding the existing kennel and to accommodat...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The design characteristic of the autocontrol technique of the combined centrifuge is introduced. Digital technique, vary structure control and interface technique, graphical display techniques, digital communication technique as well as electronic technique are applied in the course of research. Automation in the operation of large scale combined centrifuges and the course of combined test has been realized and it can coordinate with other systems of status monitoring, data collecting and centrifugal force-aerodynamic force matched load automatically

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The dynamics of many natural and technical systems are essentially influenced by a periodic forcing. Analytic solutions of the equations of motion for periodically driven systems are generally not known. Simulations, numerical solutions or in some limiting cases approximate analytic solutions represent the known approaches to study the dynamics of such systems. Besides the regime of weak periodic forces where linear response theory works, the limit of a slow driving force can often be treated analytically using an adiabatic approximation. For this approximation to hold all intrinsic processes must be fast on the time-scale of a period of the external driving force. We developed a perturbation theory for periodically driven Markovian systems that covers the adiabatic regime but also works if the system has a single slow mode that may even be slower than the driving force. We call it ...

Science.gov (United States)

The effect of aerosol on clouds poses one of the largest uncertainties in estimating the anthropogenic contribution to climate change. Small human-induced perturbations to cloud characteristics via aerosol pathways can create a change in the top-of-atmosphere radiative forcing of hundreds of Wm-2. Here we focus on links between aerosol and deep convective clouds of the Atlantic and Pacific Intertropical Convergence Zones, noting that the aerosol environment in each region is entirely different. The tops of these vertically developed clouds consisting of mostly ice can reach high levels of the atmosphere, overshooting the lower stratosphere and reaching altitudes greater than 16 km. We show a link between aerosol, clouds and the free atmosphere wind profile that can change the magnitude and sign of the overall climate radiative forcing. We find that increased aerosol loading is associated with taller cloud towers and anvils. The taller clouds ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveExtended periods of muscle disuse, physical inactivity, immobilization, and bedrest result in a loss of muscle mass and a decrease in muscle force, which are accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress. We investigated the effects of the intake of green tea catechins on unloading-induced muscle dysfunction in tail-suspended mice. MethodsTen-week-old male BALB/c mice were fed a purified control diet or a diet containing 0.5% tea catechins for 14 d. Thereafter, the mice were subjected to continuous tail suspension for 10 d. On the final day, muscle mass, contractile force production, antioxidant potential, and carbonylated protein levels were evaluated. ResultsHind limb unloading caused a loss of soleus muscle weight and muscle force. Intake of tea catechins significantly inhibit...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The performance of bunch-feedback systems based on two-tap FIR filters is discussed, particularly for transverse cases. Since they are the simplest type of FIR digital filters, the two-tap FIR filters should be suited to systems that require a very fast processing speed. However, in these feedback systems, a bunch must turn along a ring several times from the position-measurement to feedback kicking. Within these turns, irregular phase-jumps in the betatron motion can occur, due to several causes, such as the wake forces and beam-beam force. The discussion given in this paper is focussed on the effect of beam-beam collisions on these feedback systems. Based on linear theory and simulation studies, it has been found that these feedback systems can work with good performance, even under the influence of a strong beam-beam force. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

International police have been deployed on a number of peacekeeping missions, but providing capacity development and assisting in reform of local police in war-torn nations are only a relatively recent undertaking. The process of police reform is complicated because of the inherent difficulty in evaluating the impact of a development programme on police service delivery performance. This study reports on the results of a pilot survey of international police managers assessment of the level of competency of the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force following the introduction of a capacity development programme 3 years earlier. The results indicate that although the local police had improved operationally, and in some cases to an international standard, the Force had lower capability in strateg...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This experimental research investigates mixed convection and heat transfer augmentation by gaseous forced jets in a large enclosure, at conditions simulating those of passive containment cooling systems for Gen III+ passively safe reactors. The experiment is designed to measure the key parameters governing heat transfer augmentation by forced jets, and to investigate the effects of geometric factors, including the jet diameter, jet injection orientation, interior structures, and enclosure aspect ratio. The tests cover a variety of injection modes leading to flow configurations of interest for mixing and stratification phenomena in containments under accident conditions. Correlations for heat transfer augmentation by forced jets are developed and compared with experimental data. The characteristic recirculation speed inside the enclosure is introduced and analyzed. Steady stratified temperature distributions are compared ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report first-principles frozen-phonon calculations for the determination of the force-free geometry and the dynamical matrix of the five Raman-active A_1_g modes in YBa_2Cu_3O_7. To establish the shape of the phonon potentials atomic forces are calculated within the linearized-augmented-plane-wave method. Two different schemes emdash the local-density approximation (LDA) and a generalized gradient approximation (GGA)emdash are employed for the treatment of electronic exchange and correlation effects. We find that in the case of LDA the resulting phonon frequencies show a deviation from experimental values of approximately -10%. Invoking GGA the frequency values are significantly improved and also the eigenvectors are in very good agreement with experimental findings. copyright 1997 The American Physical Society.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The environmental impact caused by local people (ecological footprint of consumption, EFc) and the actual environmental impact that the ecosystem burdens (ecological footprint of production, EFp) in West Jilin Province, Northeast China from 1986 to 2006 were evaluated by using ecological footprint (EF) method. And the major driving forces of EFc and EFp were analyzed by STIRPAT model. Both EFc and EFp showed increasing trends in 1986?2006, accompanied by decreasing ecological deficits but expanding ecological overshoots. Population (P), GDP per capita (A 1), quadratic term of GDP per capita (A 2), urbanization (T a1), and quadratic term of urbanization (T a2) were important influencing factors of EFc, among which T a2 and T a1 were the most dominate driving forces of EFc. A 1, A 2 and T a2...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A scheme for controlling multimanipulator systems is presented. The control objective is to coordinate the manipulators to perform parts-matching tasks such as screwing a nut onto a bolt. The task of moving a rigid object can be treated as a special case. Two secondary control objectives internal force control and load distribution can be accomplished within the structure of the control law. The internal force control mechanism keeps the internal forces on the object being manipulated at a desirable level. The load distribution mechanism distributes control effort to each manipulator according to a weighting factor. It is also shown that the control algorithm has a modular structure which facilitates its implementation on a multiprocessor computer. The scheme was tested on a planar scara type dual-manipulator system. A series of experimental results is included to demonstrate the system performance under various conditions.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The rolls and stand deflections induced by rolling force lead to a significant decrease in the radius prediction accuracy of the ring product in the in-plane roll-bending of strip. To precisely predict the deflections and control the radius, a new analytical model is developed. Numerical implementation is presented to solve the theoretical rolling force, the deflections as well as the inherent force-deflection relationship considering the interactions of the strip workpiece, the rolls and the stand. A series of profile measurements of the formed ring parts are made to assess the accuracy of the predicted deflections. Different control approaches are used in the experiments to validate the radius control model. The experimental results show that the model is reliable to control the radii wi...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The objective of this paper is to perform an impact analysis of the Interim Storage Cask (ISC) of the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) for a 4-ft end drop. The ISC is a concrete cask used to store spent nuclear fuels. The analysis is to justify the impact force calculated by General Atomics (General Atomics, 1994) using the ILMOD computer code. ILMOD determines the maximum force developed by the concrete crushing which occurs when the drop energy has been absorbed. The maximum force, multiplied by the dynamic load factor (DLF), was used to determine the maximum g-level on the cask during a 4-ft end drop accident onto the heavily reinforced FFTF Reactor Service Building`s concrete surface. For the analysis, this surface was assumed to be unyielding and the cask absorbed all the drop energy. This conservative assumption simplified the modeling used to qualify the cask`s structural integrity for this accident condition.

Science.gov (United States)

... NE Mall Room B-607, EPA Headquarters, 401 M ... formally adopted and initiated a joint strategy for ... CLI kick-off Partner and Task Force meeting. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three-dimensional dynamics of a compact toroid (CT) plasmoid, which is injected into a magnetized target plasma region is investigated by using magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical simulations. It is found that the process of the CT penetration into this region is much more complicated than what has been analyzed so far by using a conducting sphere (CS) model. The injected CT suffers from a tilting instability, which grows with the similar time scale as the CT penetration. The instability is accompanied by magnetic reconnection between the CT magnetic field and the target magnetic field, which disrupts the magnetic configuration of the CT. Magnetic reconnection plays a role to supply the high density plasma initially confined in the CT magnetic field into the target region. Also, the penetration depth of the CT high density plasma is examined. It is shown to be shorter than that estimated from the CS model. The CT high density plasma is decelerated mainly by the Lorentz ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Peripheral subunit binding domains (PSBDs) are integral parts of large multienzyme complexes involved in carbohydrate metabolism. PSBDs facilitate shuttling of prosthetic groups between different catalytic...Full Text Available

Wastenet

... The main goal was the analysis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for the Czech Republic. A paper by Bruha and Scasny, accepted to the European Society of Ecological Economics, ( Lisbon June 2005), analyses driving forces (including economic policy) on ...

Science.gov (United States)

The Space Task Group in its study of future directions in space, with ..... almost $6 billion and a peak civil service and contractor work force of 420000 people. ..... space organizations permitting assumptions of primary or joint responsibility for ...

Science.gov (United States)

The patent application describes an anti-friction worm-wheel assembly wherein the anti-friction elements are rollers carried by the worm element. The rollers sequentially move through grooves in the edge surface of the wheel element to transmit drive forc...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Polyploidy is an important force in the evolution of flowering plants. Genomic merger and doubling induce an extensive array of genomic effects, including immediate and long-term alterations in the...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

We argue that neutron interference experiments and experiments on gravitational bound states of neutron unambiguously disprove entropic origin of gravitation. The criticism expressed in a recent paper [arXiv:1104.4650] concerning our arguments against entropic gravity is shown to be invalid.

Science.gov (United States)

This report is designed to cover the overall Operation Castle radiological safety matters from the viewpoint of those issues of direct concern to Headquarters, Joint Task Force Seven. It was written for the express purpose of assisting in the development ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To facilitate potential cost savings in pipe whip protection design, TVA conducted a 1'' high pressure line break test to investigate the pipe whip behavior. The test results are available to EPRI as a data base for a generic study on nonlinear dynamic behavior of piping systems and pipe whip phenomena. This paper describes a nonlinear dynamic analysis of the TVA high energy line tests using ABAQUS-EPGEN code. The analysis considers the effects of large deformation and high strain rate on resisting moment and energy absorption capability of the analyzed piping system. The numerical results of impact forces, impact velocities, and reaction forces at pipe supports are compared to the TVA test data. The pipe whip impact time and forces have also been calculated per the current NRC guidelines and compared. The calculated pipe support reaction forces prior to impact have been found to be in good agreement ...

Science.gov (United States)

for an Air Force Manufacturing technology program whose aim is the establishment of organic matrix ...... display considerations for advanced energy/flight management sys- ...... Future System - The Roadmap of the System of the Future - ...... data storage units, pilot's guidance indicators, and a quick look ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The mechanism of cytokinesis has been difficult to define because of the short duration and the temporal-spatial dynamics involved in the formation, activation, force production, and disappearance of...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Objective is to study the effects of local structure, interatomic forces, and atom size on the mobility of metal atoms in amorphous silica and at the silica surface. EXAFS studies of Zn and Pt in silica are reported. (DLC)

Science.gov (United States)

Oct 18, 2009... jumps mostly from C-130 and C-141 Air Force transports and Army UH-1H Huey helicopters with the "All American," 82nd Airborne Division. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This paper summarizes the findings for the African Region of the WPA Task Force on Steps, Obstacles and Mistakes to Avoid in the Implementation of Community Mental Health Care. We present an overview...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Four points are made about globalization and health. First, economic integration is a powerful force for raising the incomes of poor countries. In the past 20 years several large developing countries...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The patent relates to fluid operated devices for moving articles. The machine may be used in filling a nuclear fuel canister with fuel pellets where there is a tendency for out of squareness of pellets to produce a jam condition readily cleared by a modest force. (U.K.).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Lactobacillus buchneri ST2A vigorously decarboxylates histidine to the biogenic amine histamine, which is excreted into the medium. Cells grown in the presence of histidine generate both a transmembrane...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... II Item Identification 1,2,3,4,5,,3JAN Joint Army-Navy 2 5,6,13 IIM Item Intelligence 2 JANAP Joint Army-Navy-Air 2,7 Maintenance Force Publication ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Volume(s) Volume(s) II Item Identification 1,2,3,4, JANAP Joint Army-Navy- 2,7 5,6,13 Air Force JIM Item Intelligence 2 Publication Maintenance ...

Science.gov (United States)

The results of an experimental study of axial and crossflow velocity in a 7-pin wire wrapped bundle similar for FFTF fuel bundles are reported. The results are compared with the forced crossflow model of the COBRA-III C computer program. (JWR)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An application of the renormalized random phase approximation to nuclear structure is presented for the semi-magic nuclei /sup 88/Sr and /sup 90/Zr. It is reported the outcome for the microscopic approach in comparison with the semiphenomenological version for the particle-hole forces.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The dispersion mechanism of highly loaded coal-water mixture (CWM) in the presence of a polyelectrolyte additive was investigated. Two important factors have been found: the ability of the additive to apply a sufficient electric repulsive force to the coal particles, and an appropriate affinity of the additive to the coal surface.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundGene duplication is the primary force of new gene evolution. Deciphering whether a pair of duplicated genes has evolved divergent functions is often challenging. The zebrafish...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The magnetic fluid is a colloidal suspension of magnetite in kerosene, prepared by a low-cost process. Separation is accomplished in an open trough filled with magnetic fluid. A magnetic field is established in the fluid, by energizing an electromagnet having poles on each side of the trough. Due to the design of the magnet poles and air gaps, the magnetic field is strongest at the bottom, about 10,000 oersteds, and uniformly decreases in strength to about 2000 oersteds at the top of the fluid. Therefore, the magnetic field gradient increases with depth. The magnetic force attracts the entire separation medium (magnetic fluid) creating a reaction force of equal magnitude and acting in the opposite direction. This reaction created within a magnetic fluid/magnetic field combination is called a magnetic levitation force. It increases with the field strength. In this case because the magnetic field is strongest at the bottom of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aerodynamic forces and wake structure of the non-rotating downstream circular cylinder, of which the uniform free stream flow is interfered with another spinning upstream cylinder having the same diameter that is located upstream in a line have been investigated experimentally. When the spin rate of the downstream cylinder defined as the ratio of tangential surface velocity of the spinning cylinder to the free stream velocity increases gradually from zero to 1.4, the change of surface pressure distribution, aerodynamic forces of the non-rotating downstream cylinder were measured in case of several distance ratios of 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 defined as the ratio of distance between the centers of two cylinders to the diameter. The wake flow patterns behind the cylinder were also investigated in each case. From the present experiments, it has been found that the spin rate significantly influences the aerodynamic forces and ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Information needs that arise when clinicians use clinical information systems often go unresolved, forcing clinicians to defer decisions or make them with incomplete knowledge. My research characterizes...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A force measurement technique has been developed for large-scale aerodynamic models with a short test time. The technique is based on direct acceleration measurements, with miniature accelerometers mounted on a test model suspended by wires. Measuring acceleration at two different locations, the technique can eliminate oscillations from natural vibration of the model. The technique was used for drag force measurements on a 3 m long supersonic combustor model in the HIEST free-piston driven shock tunnel. A time resolution of 350 #mu#s is guaranteed during measurements, whose resolution is enough for ms order test time in HIEST. To evaluate measurement reliability and accuracy, measured values were compared with results from a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes numerical simulation. The difference between measured values and numerical simulation values was less than 5%. We conclude that this measurement technique is sufficiently reliable for ...

Science.gov (United States)

for sensitive personnel data. Based on the judgment of Task Force ...... Gunn, R ., Memorandum on Sub-Atomic Power Sources for Submarine ... Hunley, J., ed., The Birth of NASA: The Diary of T. Keith Glennan, SP-4105, ...

Science.gov (United States)

... (4) MP club. (5) MP working dogs. (6) Deadly force. (§ 632...security duties. (e) Use MP working dogs in accordance with the provisions...dog. (2) Before releasing a military dog for attack, give a...

Science.gov (United States)

The unsteady aerodynamic forces of a model fruit fly wing in flapping motion were investigated by numerically solving the Navier-Stokes equations. The flapping motion consisted of translation and rotation [the translation velocity (u(t)) varied according to the simple harmonic function (SHF), and the rotation was confined to a short period around stroke reversal]. First, it was shown that for a wing of given geometry with u(t) varying as the SHF, the aerodynamic force coefficients depended only on five non-dimensional parameters, i.e. Reynolds number (Re), stroke amplitude (Phi), mid-stroke angle of attack (alpha(m)), non-dimensional duration of wing rotation (Delta tau(r)) and rotation timing [the mean translation velocity at radius of the second moment of wing area (U), the mean chord length (c) and c/U were used as reference velocity, length and time, respectively]. Next, the force coefficients were investigated for a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This invention is concerned with a solar energy system for propelling aircraft. Obtained are forces for aerodynamic lift and impetus. The lifted body had a transparent upper surface for the sun light, but black or reflecting for IR-radiation and high thermal insulation properties. Inside of the lifted body, the air temperature increases and is lifted by convection influence. The air resistance of this body is low in horizontal direction and higher in vertical position. The payload could be shifted, so that the positive or negative angle of the whole body can be selected. By this principal it is possible to transform the static lifting force in a dynamic impetus.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effect of elastic and plastic strains on the magnetic properties of ferrite-pearlite steels has been studied. It has been shown that the sensitivity to elastic-tensile and bending strains is four to five times greater for remnant magnetization than for coercive force. In order to determine the degree of cold plastic deformation of high-carbon steels, a two-parametric testing technique based on the use of remnant magnetization and coercive force was suggested. An MMT-2 device was recommended for measurement of the required parameters.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report describes the successful development of a computer program for the analysis of the economic, thermal, and rating characteristics of HPOF underground transmission cables with forced cooling. With this program cable engineers can interactively analyze self-cooled and forced-cooled HPOF cable design alternatives. The program computes cable thermal characteristics and discounted costs so that the impacts of changes in design parameters can be estimated. This report provides a review of the currently available HPOF design options that can be considered. The HPOF economic analysis program is written in FORTRAN IV and was developed for interactive operation.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The purpose of this paper is to describe a technique of forced surgical rotation of the mandible used in skeletal Class II patients with deep bite and prominent chin. Posterior occlusal composite onlays combined with preoperative orthodontic treatment without anterior intrusion increase the posterior rotational component of the surgical mandibular advancement, when removed during operation. This manoeuvre allows for the surgical closure of the posterior open bite, while anteriorly the deep bite is opened. This technique avoids bimaxillary rotation surgery with dorsal impaction in mild to moderate cases. In any case, a chin setback osteotomy with compromised aesthetics can be avoided.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Long steam turbine blades are always made as massive blades cut from the solid. For a given blade material and given rotational speed of the steam turbine, the maximum permissible blade length depends on a tapering factor which expresses the ratio of the centrifugal force of the real blade, always twisted and tapered, to the centrifugal force of the theoretical cylindrical blade of the same flow cross-section. This factor can be further reduced to a considerable degree, due to a better approximation to the shape having uniform srength, if the blade is constructed as a hollow blade. (orig./LH).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A small-sized inexpensive carbon dioxide gassensor was prepared using LiTi2 (PO4)3 +0.2Li3PO4 as lithium-ion conductive, solid electrolyte and its detectability and the effects of co-existing gases were examined. The above compound was obtained by the method where a powdery mixture of Li2CO3, TiO2, (NH4)H2PO4 and Li3PO3 was molded in the presence of a sintering assistant, subjected to hydrostatic press, and sintered. Measurements were made on the relation between CO2 concentration and the electromotive force of the CO2 sensor made of the compound and the influence of concentration of coexisting NO2, SO2 or CH4 on the electromotive force. The results are summarized as follows. A linear relation exists between the electromotive force and the CO2 concentration in the range from 80ppm to 1% to show a good agreement between theoretical and experimental results. Coexistence of NO2 the range of 100-4500ppm has no influence on the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This research investigates experimentally mixed convection and heat transfer augmentation by forced jets in a large enclosure, at conditions simulating those of actual passive containment cooling systems and scales approaching those of actual containment buildings or compartments. The experiment was designed to measure the key parameters governing the heat transfer augmentation by forced jets and investigate the effects of geometric factors, including the jet diameter, jet injection orientation, interior structures, and enclosure aspect ratio. The tests cover a variety of injection modes leading to flow configurations of interest that contribute to reveal the nature of mixing and stratification phenomena in the containment under accident conditions of interest. The heat transfer of mixed convection can be predicted to be controlled by jet Archimedes number and geometric factors. Using a combining rule for mixed convection and appropriate ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Several research programs have been conducted to evaluate the capability of natural circulation cooling of reactors following a loss of cooling accident. Both experimental and RELAP5 simulation results were obtained for these studies in a facility with vertical heated tube(s) and a unheated bypass channel. The analytical results showed that, under a certain power level, a natural circulation pattern can be developed from both initial upflow and downflow conditions, and maintained for a significant cooling period. This power level, for the discussion of this paper, is defined as the natural circulation cooling (NCC) power limit. Two import factors, namely the pump coastdown rate and the initial flow direction, are examined in this paper. In the benchmark case, as compared to the experimental results, the RELAP5 simulation program accurately predicted the transient phenomena from forced convection through flow reversal, then, into natural circulation cooling. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The wavenumber-frequency spectral densities of turbulent wall pressure fluctuations are investigated over a rigid flat plate. Nonlinear Reynolds stress terms of the inhomogeneous Orr-Sommerfeld equation are regarded as a known forcing function. The forcing function is modeled after Bark{close_quote}s hydrodynamic bursting formulation. The inhomogeneous Orr-Sommerfeld equation is solved by the method of Eckhaus in terms of discrete homogeneous solutions. The method of Eckhaus is then extended and proved for the continuous Orr-Sommerfeld eigenfunctions. Turbulent wall pressure fluctuations in terms of wavenumber-frequency spectral densities are numerically computed and compared to the experimental results of Martin as well as to his transformation of Blake{close_quote}s data fitted to a modified Corcos model. The wavenumber-frequency spectral densities numerically computed from the discrete eigenfunctions compared well with Martin{close_quote}s ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We study the lipid and phase transferability of our recently developed systematically coarse-grained solvent-free membrane model. The force field was explicitly parameterized to describe a fluid 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) bilayer at 310 K with correct structure and area per lipid, while gaining at least three orders of magnitude in computational efficiency (see Wang and Deserno 2010 J. Phys. Chem. B 114 11207-20). Here, we show that exchanging CG tails, without any subsequent re-parameterization, creates reliable models of 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipids in terms of structure and area per lipid. Furthermore, all CG lipids undergo a liquid-gel transition upon cooling, with characteristics like those observed in experiments and all-atom simulations during phase transformation. These studies suggest a promising transferability of our force field parameters to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this work the authors study the stabilization point of a lifted, reacting jet of nitrogen diluted methane in co-flowing air. The jet flow is acoustically forced so as to organize the large scale vortical structures. The validation of the numerical results is possible through a concurrent experimental investigation of a similar planar jet. The use of an acoustically forced planar jet allows for significant savings by the restriction of the computation to two dimensions; the model is otherwise applicable in three dimensions. The authors based their study on the following parameters, which are derived from the experimental setup: a jet width of 1.16 cm, a mean jet velocity of 0.8 m/s, and a coflow velocity of 0.1 m/s. The acoustical forcing is studied at frequencies of 7.5 MHz and 90 MHz, which have been established experimentally as being characteristic of two broad behavioral modes. The authors restrict themselves to five ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

EPRI has sponsored an experimental program in the pipe whip impact and pipe rupture and depressurization areas. Sixteen pipe whip tests were performed with 3 in Schedule 80 (or 10) carbon steel pipes impacting on rigid target or concrete slab. The major testing parameters include distance, impact location, pipe rupture location, and concrete slab thickness and strength. The piping crushing at impact correlates with impact force and target response behavior. Conservatism was established by comparing measured and calculated impact forces. The pipe rupture and depressurization tests were carried out using 6 in stainless steel and carbon steel pipes under either PWR or BWR fluid conditions. These tests are of axial crack with initial machined-in surface flaw. It was found that pipe rupture would occur only if a long unstable through-wall crack was embedded in a sufficiently long unstable part-through crack (in the pipe wall). All other flaw ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Glacier fluctuations exclusively due to internal variations in the climate system are simulated using downscaled integrations of the ECHAM4/OPYC coupled general circulation model (GCM). A process-based modeling approach using a mass balance model of intermediate complexity and a dynamic ice flow model considering simple shearing flow and sliding are applied. Multi-millennia records of glacier length fluctuations for Nigardsbreen (Norway) and Rhonegletscher (Switzerland) are simulated using auto-regressive processes determined by statistically downscaled GCM experiments. Return periods and probabilities of specific glacier length changes using GCM integrations excluding external forcings such as solar irradiation changes, volcanic or anthropogenic effects are analyzed and compared to historical glacier length records. Preindustrial fluctuations of the glaciers as far as observed or reconstructed, including their advance during the ''Little Ice ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A multi-faceted research program has been performed to investigate in detail several aspects of free and forced convective cooling of underground electric cable systems. There were two main areas of investigation. The first one reported in this volume dealt with the fluid dynamic and thermal aspects of various components of the cable system. In particular, friction factors for laminar flow in the cable pipes with various configurations were determined using a finite element technique; the temperature distributions and heat transfer in splices were examined using a combined analytical numerical technique; the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of cable pipes in the transitional and turbulent flow regime were determined experimentally in a model study; and full-scale model experimental work was carried out to determine the fluid dynamic and thermal characteristics of entrance and exit chambers for the cooling oil. The second major area of activity, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The purposes of the pipe rupture studies at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute are to perform the model tests on the pipe whip of a pipe-restraints system, to get jet impingement force and blowdown thrust force, and to establish the computational method for the analysis of these phenomena. This paper presents the experimental and analytical results of the pipe whip tests carried out under the PWR LOCA conditions using the test pipe of 4-inch diameter and the U-shaped restraints. In the tests, the gap between the test pipe and the restraints was set nearly constant and the overhang length was 250 mm, 400 mm or 650 mm. The dynamic strains and residual deformations of the test pipe and restraints, and the restraint force were measured to clarify the effects of the overhang length on the pipe whip behaviors of the pipe-restraints system. It was confirmed from the pressure data that the present pipe whip tests were ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This Baseline Risk Assessment report is the second volume in a set of three volumes for operable Unit 1 (OU-1). The companion documents contain the Remedial Investigation and the Feasibility Study. Operable Unit 1 (OU-1) is one of several groups of hazardous waste sites located at Eielson Air Force Base (AFB) near Fairbanks, Alaska. The operable units at Eielson are typically characterized by petroleum, oil, lubricant/solvent contamination, and by the presence of organics floating at the water table. In 1989 and 1990, firms under contract to the Air Force conducted field studies to gather information about the extent of chemical contamination in soil, groundwater, and soil air pore space (soil gas) at the site. This report documents the results of a baseline risk assessment, which uses the 1989 and 1991 site characterization database to quantify the potential human health risk associated with past Base industrial activities in the vicinity of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Maxwell algebra is a noncentral extension of the Poincare algebra, in which the momentum generators no longer commute, but satisfy [P?,P?]=Z??. The charges Z?? commute with the momenta, and transform tensorially under the action of the angular momentum generators. If one constructs an action for a massive particle, invariant under these symmetries, one finds that it satisfies the equations of motion of a charged particle interacting with a constant electromagnetic field via the Lorentz force. In this paper, we explore the analogous constructions where one starts instead with the ISim subalgebra of Poincare, this being the symmetry algebra of very special relativity. It admits an analogous noncentral extension, and we find that a particle action invariant under this Maxwell-Sim algebra again describes a particle subject to the ordinary Lorentz force. One can also deform the ISim algebra to DISimb, where b is a nontrivial dimensionless ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper, an amount of confining reinforcement required for the sufficient flexural ductility of reinforced concrete column was investigated. An equation to calculate the required confining reinforcement ratio was deduced from the analytical investigation and examination on the previous experimental data as to the effects of various factors on the required confining reinforcement ratio. The rotation angle required in plastic hinges, the axial force ratio, the material properties such as concrete strength, and the ratio of core area to the whole area of column sections were employed as the factors. From the examination of the equation, it was shown that the ultimate rotation in plastic hinges calculated by the equation was more conservative than the ultimate rotaion angle of members obtained by test column specimens. It was also indicated that the ultimate rotation angle of members of columns failed in shear was smaller than the ultimate rotation in plastic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Orientational constraints obtained from solid state NMR experiments on anisotropic samples are used here in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for determining the structure and dynamics of several different membrane-bound molecules. The new MD technique is based on the inclusion of orientation dependent pseudo-forces in the COSMOS-NMR force field. These forces drive molecular rotations and re-orientations in the simulation, such that the motional time-averages of the tensorial NMR properties approach the experimentally measured parameters. The orientational-constraint-driven MD simulations are universally applicable to all NMR interaction tensors, such as chemical shifts, dipolar couplings and quadrupolar interactions. The strategy does not depend on the initial choice of coordinates, and is in principle suitable for any flexible molecule. To test the method on three systems of increasing complexity, we used as constraints ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Remote sensing of vegetation phenology is an important method with which to monitor terrestrial responses to climate change, but most approaches include signals from multiple forcings, such as mixed phenological signals from multiple biomes, urbanization, political changes, shifts in agricultural practices, and disturbances. Consequently, it is difficult to extract a clear signal from the usually assumed forcing: climate change. Here, using global 8 km 1982 to 1999 Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data and an eight-element monthly climatology, we identified pixels whose wavelet power spectrum was consistently dominated by annual cycles and then created phenologically and climatically self-similar clusters, which we term phenoregions. We then ranked and screened each phenoregion as a function of landcover homogeneity and consistency, evidence of human impacts, and political diversity. Remaining phenoregions represented areas with a ...

Science.gov (United States)

The critical currents of A-15 phase Nb(,3)Sn, V(,3)Si, Nb(,3)Ge, V(,3)Ga, and Nb-Sn with a few at.% Ga and Al(,2)O(,3) have been measured at temperatures up to T(,c) and in magnetic fields up to 8T to study fundamental flux pinning interactions as a function of defect size and density. The samples are electron beam evaporated films typically 2 (mu)m thick. Their particular usefulness for this study is that they span the clean to dirty limits and their normal state resistivity and grain size can be controlled by deposition parameters. The grain boundaries are the defects most responsible for flux pinning. The electron scattering mechanism is based on the local change in the coherence length due to increased conduction electron scattering and is chosen from among several possible mechanisms to calculate the elementary pinning force at a grain boundary. A direct summation of the elementary pinning force of each boundary is compared with the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Outline of three dimensional design of axial turbine was explained with examples of its application. Quasi-three dimensional design which analyzed flow in meridian plane and flow between blades seperately, and three dimensional design which, based on the quasi-three dimensional design with considering cubical force, improved distribution of static pressure and optimized distribution of repulsion and aerodynamic force, were explained. For the numerical analysis, Euler's Code was applied. AS the example of application, expectable effect by negative angle of blade was calculated, and efficiencies of single stage turbines with static blades designed by each method were compared. As the practical application of three dimensional analysis of flow to designing, Endwall Contouring for static blade of initial stage was explained. 10 refs., 12 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To address lithium-ion cell safety issues in demanding power applications, electrical and thermal abuse tests were performed on 18650 sized cells. Video and electrically monitored abuse tests in air included short circuit, forced overcharge, forced reversal, and controlled overheating (thermal) modes. Controlled overheating tests to 200 C were performed in a sealed chamber under a helium atmosphere and the gases released from the cell during thermal runaway were analyzed at regular intervals using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. In addition to alkane and alkene solvent breakdown fragments, significant H{sub 2} was detected and evidence that HF was evolved was also found.

Science.gov (United States)

Health information technology initiatives created the framework for a national health information infrastructure that concomitantly fostered a need to build intellectual capacity within our current and future health information management (HIM) work force. Results from the 2008 HIM Educator Survey are discussed. Developed for voluntary electronic participation, the survey comprised a series of questions about educators' professional interests and responsibilities. Summary data from the 402 respondents are provided and highlight areas such as academic rank, teaching status, salary range, levels of interest in various issues, and use of virtual learning tools. Data from this survey provide insights into the concerns and challenges many HIM educators face in today's training institutions and suggest implications for future directions in work force training and professional development within the HIM field. PMID:19424453

Environmental Research Database

Objectives(i) Investigate the correlation between Antarctic sea-ice and equatorial sea-surface temperature anomalies in a realistically forced ocean model simulation of the last 50 years. (ii) Determine whether and how the enormous seasonal change in distribution of sea-ice modifies the seasonal cycle at the Equator. (iii) Determine the detailed pathways of wave propagation both in a historically-forced simulation and in response to realistic perturbations. (iv) Quantify the amplitude of the response i [continued...]DescriptionIt is well known that the equatorial ocean-atmosphere system plays a key role in global climate events such as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. There is now compelling evidence that changes in the Antarctic can strongly and quickly affect the equatorial ocean and the ENSO cycle. Observations demonstrate statistically significant correlations (teleconnections) between the Antarctic and the Equator with ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Lorentz and coordinate covariant calculus of spinors in Riemannian spacetime, which is the mathematical model for the description of the quantum mechanics of elementary particles with spin interacting with the classical gravitation field, is explored. The Dirac equation describing the interaction of neutrinos with the gravitational fields of the Robertson-Walker cosmological world models is separated, and the spectrum of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues for particular choices of the set of quantum numbers is given explicitly for the k = 0 and k = +1 models, although only the radial equations determining the final quantum number are given for the k = -1 model. The mathematical theory of the motion of a perfect fluid whose elements interact via long-range neutrino-exchange forces, as well as gravitationally, is developed. The formalism for calculating, by calculating the Bogoliubov transformation of the Fock space operators that instantaneously diagonalize their ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper deals with an experimental study of ultra-precision diamond cutting of magnesium alloy (AZ31). In order to investigate the machinability such as the cutting force and the surface integrity and understand the problems in a micro cutting, the experiments on the diamond cutting of magnesium alloy and pure aluminum with an ultra-precision turning machine has been carried out. The machinability of magnesium alloy was compared with that of pure aluminum and discussed. Consequently, both the thrust force component and the surface roughness obtained by cutting of magnesium alloy became larger than that of pure aluminum. It was also found that the inclusions or the defects in the work material caused to generate the scratches on the finished surface and influenced the integrity of mirror surface. (orig.)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The body of knowledge known as ''management'' has evolved incrementally over the past 100 years through a variety of innovators, including: Frederick Taylor, Max Weber, Mary Parker Follett, Chester Barnard, William Ouchi and Tom Peters. While the miracle of management - its structures, processes and techniques - has provided humankind with quantum advances in standard of living, there is an emerging theme in the literature to suggest that ''Management 1.0'' founded within the industrial age paradigm has reached the limits of its relevance. This paper proposes that it is time to consider a new conceptualization - ''Management 2.0'' - based on the global, information age paradigm in which modern businesses compete. This paper examines six forces which are currently redefining the future of m...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A numerical investigation for forced convection in a constant-temperature parallel plate channel with porous cavity and block alternately emplaced on the bottom plate is presented in this work. The Brinkman-Forchheimer-extended Darcy model, which accounts for the effects of impermeable boundary and inertia, is used to characterize the flow field inside the porous region. Solutions of the coupled governing equations are carried out through the stream function-vorticity analysis. The characteristics of fluid flow and forced convection heat transfer have been obtained by the examinations of various governing parameters, such as the Reynolds number, Darcy number, inertial parameter, Prandtl number, and two geometric parameters. Several interesting phenomena such as the heat transfer augmentation in the channel were presented and discussed. The results of this investigation indicate that the size of recirculation caused by porous block will have a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The characteristics of the local magnetic shear, a quantity associated with high-mode-number ballooning mode stability, are considered in heliotron/torsatron devices that have a large Shafranov shift. The local magnetic shear is shown to vanish even in the stellarator-like region in which the global magnetic shear is positive. The reason for this is that the degree of the local compression of the poloidal magnetic field on the outer side of the torus, which maintains the toroidal force balance, is reduced in the stellarator-like region of global magnetic shear because the global rotational transform in heliotron/torsatron systems is a radially increasing function. This vanishing of the local magnetic shear is a universal property in heliotron/torsatron systems with a large Shafranov shift since it results from toroidal force balance in the stellarator-like global shear regime that is inherent to such systems.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Gravitational waves are propagating fluctuations of gravitational fields, that is, '' ripples '' in space-time, generated mainly by moving massive bodies. These distortions of space-time travel with the speed of light. Every body in the path of such a wave feels a tidal gravitational force that acts perpendicular to the wave's direction of propagation; these forces change the distance between points, and the size of the changes is proportional to the distance between these points thus gravitational waves can be detected by devices which measure the induced length changes. The frequencies and the amplitudes of the waves are related to the motion of the masses involved. Thus, the analysis of gravitational waveforms allows us to learn about their source and, if there are more than two detectors involved in observation, to estimate the distance and position of their source on the sky. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

Forced convective heat transfer in a cross-corrugated channel solar air heater has been studied experimentally using air as a working fluid. The channel was formed by two transversely positioned corrugated sheets and two flat thermally insulated side walls. One corrugated sheet was heated by a radiant heater, while the other was thermally insulated. The fluid velocity and temperature, and the wall temperature and the local heat flux across the heated corrugated sheet were measured for a variety of operating flow rates. Experimental results for the channel geometry have yielded the correlation Nu = 0.0743 (Re)[sup 0.76]. This heat-transfer coefficient is about 2.8 times that of a smooth flat channel. The experiments showed that local heat transfer rate was smaller on the valley of the corrugation than that on the peak. The ratio of the local heat transfer rates on the two locations was related to the Reynolds number.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The grain morphology developed during solidification of an Al-4.5% Cu alloy is represented generally by columnar or equiaxed dendrites. Twinned feathery grains are found in the structure formed under certain heat and flow conditions during solidification. In this work, these conditions were achieved during solidification in a cavity under forced flow. Feathery grain formation is studied by means of fluid dynamics simulations with solidification included and by experiments. In order to determine the crystallographic orientation of feathery grains, electron backscattered diffraction measurements were performed. The growth features of feathery grains were analyzed by observations made normal and parallel to the growth direction. Some correlations between twinned feathery morphology, flow and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors study, in forced convection, the evaporation of an Ostwaldian film flowing over an isothermal inclined plane surface to determine the influence of the behaviour index of the liquid on the dynamic and thermal characteristics of liquid-air system. The liquid flow is considered partially two-dimensional whereas for the air it is two-dimensional. The coupled equations with the interfacial conditions are solved using a fully implicit finite differences method. From the study, it appears that the behaviour index influences considerably the transfers which are more important for pseudo-plastic liquids than for dilatant ones. (authors)

Science.gov (United States)

The purpose of this study is to search for a new method of dispersing spilled heavy oil, which has a detrimental effect on the natural environment and marine ecosystem. A method ejecting a waterjet vertically downward to heavy oil on the water surface was studied, particularly focusing on the effect of the guide nozzle shape. The waterjet comprised heavy oil and minute air bubbles, and passed through the hole of the guide nozzle. Thirteen guide nozzle shapes were tested and compared. The dispersion efficiency of a tapered hole was the best among the 13 nozzles. The flow in the hole of the guide nozzles was recorded by a high-speed video camera. The occurrence of two flows, regular and counter flows, was observed in the taper guide nozzle. It seemed that the counter flows generated the shearing force between the waterjet and the heavy oil layer. It is considered that the shearing force determines the surplus efficiency of disperse.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A non-contact method, using magnetic drag force principle, was proposed to design the braking systems to improve the shortcomings of the conventional braking systems. The extensive literature detailing all aspects of the magnetic braking is briefly reviewed, however little of this refers specifically to upright magnetic braking system, which is useful for industries. One of the major issues to design upright magnetic system is to find out the magnetic flux. The changing magnetic flux induces eddy currents in the conductor. These currents dissipate energy in the conductor and generate drag force to slow down the motion. Therefore, a finite element model is developed to analyze the phenomena of magnetic flux density when air gap and materials of track are varied. The verification shows the predicted magnetic flux is within acceptable range with the measured value. The results will facilitate the design of magnetic braking systems.

CERN Document Server

Land snails move via adhesive locomotion. Through muscular contraction and expansion of their foot, they transmit waves of shear stress through a thin layer of mucus onto a solid substrate. Since a free surface cannot support shear stress, adhesive locomotion is not a viable propulsion mechanism for water snails that travel inverted beneath the free surface. Nevertheless, the motion of the freshwater snail, Sorbeoconcha physidae, is reminiscent of that of its terrestrial counterparts, being generated by the undulation of the snail foot that is separated from the free surface by a thin layer of mucus. Here, a lubrication model is used to describe the mucus flow in the limit of small amplitude interfacial deformations. By assuming the shape of the snail foot to be a traveling sine wave and the mucus to be Newtonian, an evolution equation for the interface shape is obtained and the resulting propulsive force on the snail is calculated. This propulsive ...

CERN Document Server

We present a new set of 3.5 Post-Newtonian equations in which Newtonian hydrodynamics is coupled to the nonconservative effects of gravitational radiation emission. Our formalism differs in two significant ways from a similar 3.5 Post-Newtonian approach proposed by Blanchet (1993, 1997). Firstly we concentrate only on the radiation-reaction effects produced by a time-varying mass-current quadrupole $S_{ij}$. Secondly, we adopt a gauge in which the radiation-reaction force densities depend on the fourth time derivative of $S_{ij}$, rather than on the fifth, as in Blanchet's approach. This difference makes our formalism particularly well-suited to numerical implementation and could prove useful in performing fully numerical simulations of the recently discovered $r$-mode instability for rotating neutron stars subject to axial perturbations.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Major forecast errors on the background error covariance from initial conditions, atmospheric forcing, model open boundary conditions, and the river discharges are examined in a coastal model of northern South China Sea. The analysis of background error covariance matrix produced by model ensemble shows that the perturbations of the initial conditions and atmospheric forcing play major roles in producing and maintaining the amplitude of ensemble spread except for the sea surface height (SSH) field. The perturbation of model open boundary conditions can influence ensemble spread of all variables and covariance between temperature and velocity or between temperature and SSH. The perturbation of river discharge mainly affects the covariance of salinity in river estuary. A data assimilation ex...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper, a complete solution of the steady-state Newton-Euler equations describing the motion of the balls in high speed thrust bill bearings is presented. Kinematic equations are derived and used as ancillary equations to obtain the numerical solution of the Newton-Euler equations. This differs from previously reported work where extraneous assumptions (instead of kinematic analysis) are used to allow solutions of these equations. It is shown that the no-slip condition for the ball motion reported in the literature is based on an unnecessary assumption. The correct form of the condition is developed and used in the analysis of the ball motion. The analysis shows the importance of contact angle on both ball motion and contact force. An approximate theory is then developed for determining the optimum contact angle that would result in minimum contact force in high speed ball bearings. The results are compared with experimental data, and ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The United States Air Forces air mobility command is responsible for creating a schedule and executing that schedule for a large-scale air mobility network that encompasses aircraft with prioritized missions. Aerial ports (airports) can process or park a maximum number of aircraft, called the maximum on ground (MOG). As the schedule changes due to disruptions, such as equipment failure or weather, the MOG constraint can cause the new schedule to be infeasible. Traditionally, re-planning the channel route schedule to adhere to MOG constraints has been a manual process that usually stops after the first feasible set of changes is found, due to the challenges of large amounts of data and urgency for a re-plan. We extend Bertsimas and Stocks integer program formulation for the commercial airli...

CERN Document Server

We introduce a new formulation of asset trading games in continuous time in the framework of the game-theoretic probability established by Shafer and Vovk (2001). In our formulation, the market moves continuously but an investor trades in discrete times, which can depend on the past path of the market. We prove that an investor can essentially force that the asset price path behaves with the variation exponent exactly equal to two. Our proof is based on embedding high-frequency discrete time games into the continuous time game and the use of the Bayesian strategy of Kumon, Takemura and Takeuchi (2007b) for discrete time coin-tossing games. We also clarify that the main growth part of the investor's capital processes is lucidly described by the information quantities, which are derived from the Kullback-Leibler information with respect to the empirical fluctuation of the asset price.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A comparative core design study is performed on Pb-Bi cooled reactors with forced and natural convection (FC and NC) cooling. Major interests of the study are core performance and core safety features. The designed core concepts with nitride fuel achieve reasonable breeding capability. The results of unprotected event analyses such as UTOP and ULOF show that both of concepts have possible features to withstand unprotected events due to negative reactivity feedback by Doppler effect, control rod drive line expansion, etc. These results lead to a conclusion that both of concepts have possible capability as one of future promising core concepts. A FC cooling core concept has more advantage if fuel recycle viewpoint is emphasized. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

The model was based on a SEDCO 700 series semi-submersible offshore drilling rig used for operations in the North Sea. This report supplements earlier work on wind-heeling moments which are required to establish stability criteria on semi-submersibles. Wi...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We report herein that trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is oncogenic and mediates anti-estrogen resistance in human mammary carcinoma. Forced expression of TFF3 in mammary carcinoma cells increased cell proliferation...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

By the methods of the angular distribution of photon annihilation, time distribution of photon annihilation, photoluminescence spectroscopy, Fourier IR-spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy the detail information on relation of the structural and physical properties of the porous nano-structures is obtained. Study of pores sizes in a different nano-porous materials, such as the porous silicon, porous anode aluminium oxide, porous solids exposed to light atoms ion implantation (hydrogen, deuterium, helium) is carried out.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The effect on an oscillator moving in a medium produced by that part of the radiative force which does not perform work but creates and angular moment is considered. It is shown that the radiative torque turns the dipole toward the axis along which it is moving. Near the axis of motion the dipole executes small oscilltions. The frequency of the oscillations is determined. This effect leads to spontaneous alignment of the dipole moments on moving through the medium. The feasibility of observing the effect experimentally is discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Due to the great development occurred in the world after the Second World War and the establishment of patterns of increasingly intense, the energy demand amounted to the point, putting at risk the non-renewable energy sources such as oil, coal minerals, among others, with growing interest in renewable energies, among which the biodiesel has been detached. In this sense, the present work had for objective to evaluate the fuel consumption of a tractor Valtra BM100 4x2 TDA, running with ethyl biodiesel from soybean filtered in seven mixture proportions mixed with the diesel, subject to two forces in the traction bar. The work was conducted in the Department of Rural Engineering of the Paulista State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal Campus, in an entirely randomized designed, in a factorial diagram 2 x 7, with three repetitions. The treatments were a combination for two forces in the traction bar (10 and 22 kN) and seven mixture proportions (B{sub ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Single-crystalline nanostructures often exhibit gradients of surface (and/or interface) curvature that emerge from fabrication and growth processes or from thermal fluctuations. Thus, the system-inherent capillary force can initiate morphological transformations during further processing steps or during operation at elevated temperature. Therefore and because of the ongoing miniaturization of functional structures which causes a general rise in surface-to-volume ratios, solid-state capillary phenomena will become increasingly important: On the one hand diffusion-mediated capillary processes can be of practical use in view of non-conventional nanostructure fabrication methods based on self-organization mechanisms, on the other hand they can destroy the integrity of nanostructures which can go along with the failure of functionality. Additionally, capillarity-induced shape transformations are effected and can thereby be controlled by applied fields and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)