UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundPresumptive treatment of all febrile patients with anti-malarials leads to massive over-treatment. The aim was to assess the effect of implementing malaria rapid diagnostic...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Feb 23, 2001 ... Florida, as an F-16 weapons separation engineer with .... new era of space-based research aboard the International Space. Station. ..... the Web at: http://www. aiaa.org/calen- dar/index.hfm?cal=1&cfp=1 ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Digital topographic models are the foundation of more advanced modeling applications and ultimately inform planning and decision making in many fields. Despite this, the error associated with these models and derived attributes is commonly overlooked. Little attention has been given in the scientific literature to the benefits gained from having less error in a model or to the corresponding cost associated with reducing model error by choosing one product over another. To address these gaps in knowledge we evaluated the error associated with five digital elevation models (DEMs) and derived attributes of slope and aspect relative to the same attributes derived from LiDAR data. We also estimated the acquisition and processing costs per square kilometer of the five test models and the LiDAR m...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

ZusammenfassungUbelkeit und Erbrechen stellen zwei Symptome dar, die grundlich untersucht worden sind und bei Krebspatienten haufig auftreten. Die meisten Studien haben sich bislang mit Haufigkeit und Management dieser beiden Symptome befasst. Das Ziel dieser Studie bestand darin, ein besseres Verstandnis dafur zu entwickeln, wie Krebspatienten ihre Symptome erleben-insbesondere Ubelkeit und Erbrechen nach Chemotherapie-und welche Auswirkungen diese Symptome auf den Tagesablauf der Patienten haben. Neun Frauen mit unterschiedlichen Krebsleiden und Chemotherapie Regimes wurden zwecks Chemotherapie stationar aufgenommen und nahmen an der Studie teil. Es wurden halbstrukturierte Interviews einschliesslich einer Inhaltsanalyse in Anlehnung an Kvale durchgefuhrt (Klarung und Entwicklung neuer B...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this article I explore the political event of the Tanzanian government's interdiction of a prominent educational civil society organization in order to theorize the emerging policy heterarchy in Tanzania. In the context of the ensuing public debate about the interdiction, I ask two questions: (1) what tensions are emerging from the democratization reforms embedded in national iterations of international EFA policies and (2) to what end are such reforms taking place? I address these questions with ethnographic, documentary and interview data collected as part of a broader study of participation in development between 2004 and 2007 in Dar es Salaam and the Singida region of central Tanzania. My analysis draws on critical, anthropological and postcolonial theories to explore the tensions o...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

TENSOMAX enables on-line monitoring of the thermal stress of the shaft to be performed in steam turbines, for which the TURBOMAX probe cannot be installed near the critical area of the shaft. TENSOMAX provides an alternative to the TURBOMAX with a slightly reduced accuracy of the simulation of the temperature distribution in the shaft. The high value placed on the operational performance of TENSOMAX remains, viz. that even with older turbines, and particularly in the case of turbines rehabilitated with a new shaft, careful and transparent operation is assured. (orig.) [German] Die Einrichtung TENSOMAX ermoeglicht eine Ueberwachung der thermischen Beanspruchung der Welle bei Dampfturbinen, bei denen die TURBOMAX-Sonde in der Turbine nahe der kritischen Stelle der Welle nicht einsetzbar ist. Daher stellt der TENSOMAX unter Beruecksichtigung minimaler Ungenauigkeit aufgrund der Nachbildung der Waermeuebergangszahl eine vorteilhafte Alternative zum TURBOMAX dar. Der ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Une enfant drepanocytaire homozygote SS de 14 ans (sans deficit en G6PD), non transfusee anterieurement, a une cholecystectomie pour lithiase decouverte a un bilan systematique. L'intervention est encadree de 2 transfusions de concentres erythrocytaires (CGR) phenotypes ABO Rh Kell, compatibilises. Quinze jours apres, elle presente une hemolyse aigue associant fievre, ictere, insuffisance renale tubulaire, hemoglobinurie et anemie profonde (Hb 3,6 g/dL). Les RAI deviennent positives avec, entre autres, un auto anticorps anti D suspecte, le test de Coombs direct est positif de type mixte. L'enfant n'est pas retransfusee, mais recoit 1 mg/kg/j de corticoides IV pendant 10 jours. L'hemoglobine retrouve sa valeur de base (9 g/dL) apres 15 jours. Un antigene RH1(D) partiel de type DAR est ulter...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

35 patients with ankle sprain were examined by MRI and stress radiographs. 13 were operated afterwards, 22 patients underwent a functional conservative therapy and were examined by MRI and stress radiographs and second time after three months. MRI reports were correct in 12 of 13 operated cases. After conservative therapy we did not find any disrupted ankle ligament. MRI showed intact ligaments thickened by scar. (orig./MG) [Deutsch] 35 Patienten mit klinischem Verdacht auf Aussenbandruptur wurden mit der MRT untersucht. 13 Patienten wurden operiert, 22 konzervativ therapiert. Letztere wurden nach drei Monaten erneut mit MRT und gehaltenen Aufnahmen untersucht. Die MRT-Befunde stimmten in 12 von 13 Faellen mit den operativ erhobenen Befunden ueberein. Nach dreimonatiger konzervativer Therapie waren alle 22 Sprunggelenke stabil. Die rupturierten Baender stellten sich verdickt und durchgaengig dar. (orig./MG)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By joining the `climate association of European cities`, Frankfurt has agreed to reduce its CO{sub 2}-emissions by 50% by the year 2010. The so-called `climate offense 1991` was the first regulatory paper to be set up by a community to reach this goal over a long term. This report now represents the present level of the project. Main points are the development of houses with low entropy, the retrofitting of heating systems, water saving measures and energy management. (BWI) [Deutsch] Durch den Beitritt zum `Klima-Buendnis der Europaeischen Staedte` hat sich die Stadt Frankfurt/M. verpflichtet, die CO{sub 2}-Emissionen bis zum Jahr 2010 um 50% zu senken. Mit der sog. `Klimaoffensive 1991` wurde dann erstmals von einer Kommune in Deutschland ein detailliertes Regelwerk aufgestellt, um dieses Ziel langfristig erreichen zu koennen. Der vorliegende Bericht stellt den aktuellen Stand des Projektes dar. Kernpunkte sind die Entwicklung von Niedrigentropiehaeusern, die ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This seminar on the subject of ``electrical smog`` welcomed participants from Bavarian environmental consultancy agencies, rural and urban district authorities, ministries, consume-consultancy agencies and public health authorities. Leading scientists from research and authorities gave papers on the sources, exposure and effects/actions of electromagnetic fields and present the current state of knowledge about the hazards and risk of this radiation for human health. The proceedings in hand provide the papers given on the following topics: electromagnetic fields - and introduction to relevant issues; low-frequency fields - sources and exposure; high-frequency fields - sources and exposure; biological actions and effects of low-frequency fields; biological actions and effects of high-frequency fields; low-frequency fields - helath risk assessment; high-frequency fields - health risk assessment. (Uhe) [Deutsch] Das Seminar zum Thema Elektrosmog wurde fuer Teilnehmer aus bayerischen ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recurrent variceal bleeding due to liver cirrhosis led to treatment with a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in a pregnant woman at 20 weeks` gestation. Fetal radiation exposure was estimated to be less than 10 mSv. The use of a graduated catheter allowed measurement of field size and reliable determination of the patient`s entrance dose. Radiation exposure of an approximated fetal dosage of 5.2 mSv did not justify abortion for medical reasons. Therefore, TIPS procedure is not generally contraindicated during pregnancy itself. TIPS placement may be a therapeutic option related to the severity of the underlying maternal disease, after radiation exposure of the fetus has been estimated. (orig.) [Deutsch] Bei rezidivierender Oesophagusvarizenblutung auf dem Boden einer Leberzirrhose wurde bei bestehender Schwangerschaft der 20. Woche ein transjugulaerer portosystemischer Stent-Shunt (TIPS) neu angelegt. Praeinterventionell wurde die zu erwartende Strahlenexposition fuer ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The direct injection Diesel engine with its specific fuel consumption of about 200 g/kWh is one of the most efficient thermal engines. However in case of relatively low CH- und CO-emission the soot- and NO{sub x} concentration in the exhaust gas turns out to be a problem with respect to the legislation on emission limits. At the department of piston- and turbo-machines of the Trier University of Applied Sciences, a single-cylinder testing engine with two injection-systems (fuel and water) has been developed. This engine has been constructed to analyse the effect of stratified water-injection on the soot- and NO{sub x} emissions of exhaust gases of a Diesel engine. (orig.) [German] Der Dieselmotor mit Direkteinspritzung stellt mit spezifischen Kraftstoffverbraeuchen in der Groessenordnung von 200 g/kWh eine der wirtschaftlichsten thermischen Kraftmaschinen dar. Bei relativ niedrigen Kohlenwasserstoff- und Kohlenmonoxid-Emissionen erweist sich die Russ- und ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: To evaluate the success rates of the implantation of stent grafts in the treatment of peripheral aneurysms. Materials and methods: in 13 patients with 15 aneurysms at the common iliac artery (n = 6), external iliac artery (n = 1), hypogastric artery (n = 2), femoral artery (n = 2) or popliteal artery (n = 4), implantation of dacron-covered nitinol stents was performed. The patients were followed up for three to 20 months (mean, 8.8 months) with intravenous digital subtraction angiography, CT or colour-coded Doppler sonography. Results: In all cases, the aneurysm was successfully occluded after stent implantation. In one case with a popliteal aneurysm, kinking of the vessel caused thrombosis of the stent. The stent was successfully reopened. The aneurysm however, had to be surgically treated 9 months later. The primary and secondary patency rates at 6 months were 93% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: The method described might be an alternative therapy to surgery. There are ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In comparison to deterministic criteria, probabilistic reliability indices like interruption frequency and unavailability give a more differentiated insight into reliability in an electrical energy network. One possibility for network planning based on these indices is the definition of limits for customer nodes, another is the monetarisation of reliability in terms of interruption costs. Because of numerous disadvantages, interruption cost methods could not up to now win broad recognition in network planning in Western Europe. A more recent method for the monetarisation of reliability circumventing most of these disadvantages is the insurance system. In this system the customer selects a tariff class in an insurance system, and the utility reimburses its customers in the case of an interruption. In its first section, the paper describes a method for the flexible and realistic optimisation of MV networks. This method based on Genetic optimisation is able to integrate probabilistic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper presents fundamental studies on natural biosorption to algae of heavy metals. The investigations were carried out by TU Berlin University in a special research project (Sfb 193, 'Biologische Behandlung industrieller und gewerblicher Abwaesser'). The chlorophyceae C. vulgaris was used as reference alga, and 38 further algae were analzyed with regard to their sorption characteristics for lead, cadmium, nickel and zinc. The most effective algae were the chlorophyceae C. salina, the cyanophyceae S. hofmani and L. taylorii. The biosorption characteristics of C. salina and L. taylorii were investigated in detail. L. taylorii was found to be exploitable successfully in a technical process, so the investigations were extended to include copper. Knowledge about the chemical processes of biosorption is important for any attempt to modify the biosorption characteristics. Experiments on the incorporation of additional functional groups in the cell wall polysaccharides ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The quantitative measurement of carbon concentration-distance curves serves as fundamental prerequisite for the evaluation of rim zone properties connected with decarburisation processes in material science. This was shown in part 1 of the present work with two samples from through-hardenable rolling bearing steel 100Cr6 (SAE 52100) austenitised in different oxidising atmospheres by position dependent determination of hardness, residual stresses, and X-ray line broadening ({l_brace}211{r_brace} {alpha}'-Fe diffraction line). In practice, it is important to predict carbon concentration-distance curves under prevailing heat treatment conditions or to conclude conversely from profile measurements. Based on a refined kinetics model of a diffusion-controlled process, part 2 therefore presents a simulation tool developed by means of the finite element method (FEM). Apart from the concentration dependence of the diffusion coefficient, it also considers the decarburisation induced ...