Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new nonlinear S{sub n} transport differencing scheme for slab geometry is presented that is fourth order accurate for small meshes and is strictly positive. The new scheme has been coded into the existing ONELD code and tested. Numerical results to demonstrate the accuracy and positivity of this new scheme are presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

several authors tried to drive codes to construct nuclear level scheme of nuclei using a set of measured gamma -ray transitions and known energy levels, Ritz combination principle proved to be useful in constructing a more complete decay scheme. In this thesis the energy level schemes of some nuclei have been investigated by the measurements of the gamma - ray energies and use of Ritz combination code. The nuclei under investigation are "110m Ag (253 d)"110 Cd and "166m Ho (1200 yr) "166 E r. On the basis of the suggested level at 2249.02 keV by the Ritz code new positions of the two gamma-ray transitions at 677.5 and 706.6 KeV are found in decay scheme of "110m Ag. Also by this code, new position for the 994.84 KeV gamma-ray transition were established to depopulate the level at 1075.2 KeV.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The RELAP5 code has been developed for best-estimate transient simulation of light water reactor coolant systems during postulated accidents. The code models the coupled behavior of the reactor coolant system and the core for loss-of-coolant accidents and operational transients such as anticipated transient without scram, loss of offsite power, loss of feedwater, and loss of flow. A generic modeling approach is used that permits simulating a variety of thermal hydraulic systems. Control system and secondary system components are included to permit modeling of plant controls, turbines, condensers, and secondary feedwater systems. RELAP5/MOD3 code documentation is divided into seven volumes: Volume I presents modeling theory and associated numerical schemes; Volume II details instructions for code application and input data preparation; Volume III presents the results of developmental ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three experiments were conducted to study the behaviour of the new horizontal steam generator construction of the PACTEL test facility. In the experiments the secondary side coolant level was reduced stepwise. The experiments were calculated with two computer codes RELAP5/MOD3.1 and APROS version 2.11. A similar nodalization scheme was used for both codes so that the results may be compared. Only the steam generator was modeled and the rest of the facility was given as a boundary condition. The results show that both codes calculate well the behaviour of the primary side of the steam generator. On the secondary side both codes calculate lower steam temperatures in the upper part of the heat exchange tube bundle than was measured in the experiments. (orig.) 4 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear physics parameters of the Wolsung CANDU-PHW reactor are computed by use of the PHWCELL computer code that is an improved version of LATREP. The PHWCELL code mainly computes cell parameters of heavy water moderated reactors, and modeling scheme of heavy water reactor cell calculations has been developed with the PHWCELL computer code. The reactor operating conditions considered in the study are cold zero power (CZP) and hot full power (HFP) with equilibrium poison. The cell parameters are also computed as a function of fuel burnup and the numerical results are compared with the results in PSR of the Wolsung unit and in the previous study. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The code is being developed starting from the steady-state finite element code FENDER for the solution of the diffusion equation by extending it to become time-dependent. The numerical solution of the time-dependent multigroup diffusion equations within TRANSFUSION is performed at the present stage of development by using a backward difference scheme for the time variable, leading to a rearrangement of FENDER by adding a new loop over time steps. The code retains the multigroup coupled neutron-gamma features of FENDER, and provides a consistent two-, and quasi three-dimensional numerical solution of both static and time-dependent multigroup diffusion equations. (orig./DG)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

For IGCC, the primary investment is too high due to the demand of high gasification efficiency. For PFBCC, the thermal efficiency is too low due to the relatively low turbine inlet temperature and the hot working medium of the gas turbine is not easy to clean. A new scheme is proposed for coal fired combined cycle to overcome the main drawbacks of IGCC and PFBCC. The research targets are developing a new cycle construction of coal fired combined cycle to raise the efficiency and reduce the primary investment. Actually, the new scheme is a synthesis of some existing proposals. It adopts partial gasification to reduce the primary investment of the gasification equipment. The un-gasified surplus solid is then fed to a pressurized fluidized bed boiler, but adopting Curtiss Wright type external combustion to lower the ash content in the working medium. The gas fuel from the partial gasifier is combusted in a top combustor to further increase the ...

CERN Document Server

Resource coordination and interference management is the key to achieving the benefits of femtocell networks. Over-the-air signaling is one of the most effective means for distributed dynamic resource coordination and interference management. However, the design of this type of signal is challenging. In this letter, we address the challenges and propose an effective solution, referred to as coded single-tone signaling (STS). The proposed coded STS scheme possesses certain highly desirable properties, such as no dedicated resource requirement (no overhead), no near-and-far effect, no inter-signal interference (no multi-user interference), low peak-to-average power ratio (deep coverage). In addition, the proposed coded STS can fully exploit frequency diversity and provides a means for high quality wideband channel estimation. The coded STS design is demonstrated through a concrete ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To further optimize thermo-hydraulic capability of HCSB-TBM, two different thermo-hydraulic schemes would be proposed and investigated by relevant calculating and simulating of thermo-dynamics in normal and peak heat flux condition. With computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT, the actual temperature distribution of key components of HCSB-TBM is simulated. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The results of the development work to improve the horizontal steam generator modelling using the CATHARE code as well as the results of the steady-state and the steam-line break calculations are presented. Also the results of the steady-state calculations are compared to the measurements performed in operating VVER power plants. (9 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.).

CERN Document Server

In this paper, we describe our vectorized and parallelized adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) N-body code with shared time steps, and report its performance on a Fujitsu VPP5000 vector-parallel supercomputer. Our AMR N-body code puts hierarchical meshes recursively where higher resolution is required and the time step of all particles are the same. The parts which are the most difficult to vectorize are loops that access the mesh data and particle data. We vectorized such parts by changing the loop structure, so that the innermost loop steps through the cells instead of the particles in each cell, in other words, by changing the loop order from the depth-first order to the breadth-first order. Mass assignment is also vectorizable using this loop order exchange and splitting the loop into $2^{N_{dim}}$ loops, if the cloud-in-cell scheme is adopted. Here, $N_{dim}$ is the number of dimension. These vectorization ...

CERN Document Server

In this paper, we consider a $n_t\\times n_r$ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel subjected to block fading. Reliability (in terms of achieved diversity order) and rate (in number of symbols transmitted per channel use) are of interest in such channels. We propose a new precoding scheme which achieves both full diversity ($n_tn_r$th order diversity) as well as full rate ($n_t$ symbols per channel use) using partial channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), applicable in MIMO systems including $n_rscheme achieves full diversity and improved coding gain through an optimization over the choice of constellation sets. The optimization maximizes $d_{min}^2$ for our precoding scheme subject to an energy constraint. The scheme requires feedback of $n_t-1$ angle parameter values, compared to $2n_tn_r$ real coefficients in case of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We continue the study of the hole coupling resonator for free electron laser (FEL) application. The previous resonator code is further developed to include the effects of the azimutally asymmetric modes and the FEL gain. The implication of the additional higher order modes is that there are more degeneracies to be avoided in tuning the FEL wavelengths. The FEL interaction is modeled by constructing a transfer map in the small signal regime and incorporating it into the resonator code. The FEL gain is found to be very effective in selecting a dominant mode from the azimuthally symmetric class of modes. Schemes for broad wavelength tuning based on passive mode control via adjustable apertures are discussed. 12 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper presents the integration of the SIMBAD space charge module in the UAL framework. SIMBAD is a Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code. Its 3-D Parallel approach features an optimized load balancing scheme based on a genetic algorithm. The UAL framework enhances the SIMBAD standalone version with the interactive ROOT-based analysis environment and an open catalog of accelerator algorithms. The composite package addresses complex high intensity beam dynamics and has been developed as part of the FAIR SIS 100 project.

CERN Document Server

Consider the simultaneous relay channel which consists of a set of relay channels where the source wishes to transmit common and private information to each of the destinations. This problem is recognized as being equivalent to that of sending common and private information to several destinations in presence of helper relays where each channel outcome becomes a branch of the broadcast relay channel (BRC). Cooperative schemes and capacity region for a set of two relay channels are investigated. The proposed coding schemes, based on Decode-and-Forward (DF) and Compress-and-Forward (CF), must be capable of transmitting information simultaneously to all destinations in such set. Inner bounds on the capacity region of the general BRC are based on three cases. First the channels from source-to-relays of both destinations are assumed to be stronger than the others and the cooperation is based on DF strategy for both users (DF-DF ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In addition to the ability to solve the static transport equation, we have also incorporated time dependence into our parallel 3-D S{sub {ital N}} code DANTSYS/MPI. Using a semi-implicit scheme, DANTSYS/MPI is capable of performing time-dependent calculations for both fissioning and pure source driven problems. We have applied this to various types of problems such as nuclear well logging and prompt fission experiments. This paper describes the form of the time- dependent equations implemented, their solution strategies in DANTSYS/MPI including iteration acceleration, and the strategies used for time-step control. Results are presented for a model nuclear well logging calculation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Accurate prediction of tube surface temperature is important for determining whether accelerated superheater corrosion will occur in kraft recovery boilers. A heat transfer model, which combines an iterative numerical solution scheme with a more realistic flue gas flow field obtained from the CFD code FLUENT, has been developed to predict the tube, steam and flue gas temperatures in the superheater region. Results of tests performed for a recovery boiler show that temperatures predicted using the model are in good agreement with actual temperatures measured using thermocouples. The presence of a large flue gas recirculation zone above the bullnose is shown to have an adverse effect on the heat transfer in the superheater region. 9 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The B test series from the course of ISP Nr. 43 was analysed. The boundary conditions measured include the initial temperature of the primary system, the front/slug injection flowrate and temperature, and the pressure drop across the core. Temperature data were collected at 185 thermocouple positions in the downcomer and 38 positions in the lower plenum. The frequency of data acquisition for code predictions was set to 2 Hz, which corresponds to the acquisition frequency of the two experimental setups. Calculations were performed using the FLUENT Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code. This program is based on the finite volume method, The computational mesh was generated by the pre-processor - GAMBIT program. FLUENT uses a control-volume-based technique to convert the governing equations to algebraic equations, which can be solved numerically. This control volume technique consists of integrating the governing equations about each control ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A cell calculation code SLAROM-UF has been developed for fast reactor analyses to produce effective cross sections with high accuracy in practical computing time, taking full advantage of fine and ultra-fine group calculation schemes. The fine group calculation covers the whole energy range in a maximum of 900-group structure. The structure is finer above 52.5 keV with a minimum lethargy width of 0.008. The ultra-fine group calculation solves the slowing down equation below 52.5 keV to treat resonance structures directly and precisely including resonance interference effects. Effective cross sections obtained in the two calculations are combined to produce effective cross sections over the entire energy range. Calculation accuracy and improvements from conventional 70-group cell calculation results were investigated through comparisons with reference values obtained with continuous energy Monte Carlo calculations. It was confirmed that ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The applicability of the thermal response of an electrically heated simulated rod mostly used in loss-of-coolant-accident (LOCA) experiments to that of a nuclear fuel rod is a concern for the safety evaluation of a reactor. The present analysis describes the characteristics of the thermal response for both electrically heated and nuclear fuel rods during typical reflood conditions for a PWR-LOCA. A model describing the radial temperature field in the rod is developed based on the scheme in HETRAP code by Malang and incorporated into a reflood analysis code, REFLA for that purpose. The calculations applied to the existing reflood tests gave good agreement with experiments, showing the validity of the present model. The analysis has shown that the nuclear fuel rod tends to give a lower clad temperature and a sooner quench time than the electrically heated rod in a typical reflood condition, due to the smaller gap heat ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the field of reactor and fuel cycle physics, particle transport plays and important role. Neutronic design, operation and evaluation calculations of nuclear system make use of large and powerful computer codes. However, current limitations in terms of computer resources make it necessary to introduce simplifications and approximations in order to keep calculation time and cost within reasonable limits. Two different types of methods are available in these codes. The first one is the deterministic method, which is applicable in most practical cases but requires approximations. The other method is the Monte Carlo method, which does not make these approximations but which generally requires exceedingly long running times. The main motivation of this work is to investigate the possibility of a combined use of the two methods in such a way as to retain their advantages while avoiding their drawbacks. Our work has mainly focused on the speed-up of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A 3-D hydrodynamic dispersion model for tracer transport is developed and implemented into the TOUGH2 EOS3 (T2R3D) module. The model formulation incorporates a full dispersion tensor, based on a 3-D velocity field with a 3-D, irregular grid in a heterogeneous geological system. Two different weighting schemes are proposed for spatial average of 3-D velocity fields and concentration gradients to evaluate the mass flux by dispersion and diffusion of a tracer or a radionuclide. This new module of the TOUGH2 code is designed to simulate processes of tracer/radionuclide transport using an irregular, 3-D integral finite difference grid in non-isothermal, three-dimensional, multiphase, porous/fractured subsurface systems. The numerical method for this transport module is based on the integral finite difference scheme, as in the TOUGH2 code. The major assumptions of the tracer transport module are: (a) a tracer ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Full text of publication follows: During calculations of SAR accidents and transients it is necessary to perform steam generator simulation. Best accuracy is 3D transient calculations presented in report. Main outcomes of work was next: 1. There was shown by analysis the applicability of code TRAC (Los-Alamos laboratory) for thermal - hydraulic calculations of horizontal steam generator PGV-1000M. Special nodalization scheme was developed for it purposes. 2. Validation and selection of thermal-hydraulic correlations for improvement of using the code at calculation PGV-1000M were performed. As result Labuntsov formula is recommended for horizontal SG. 3. Calculations of nominal mode operation of PGV-1000M for cross-verification with code STEG (Electrogorsk Research and Engineering Center EREC) during its verification were performed. Solution by TRAC was obtained for transient problem after stabilization ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

MAGMA is a FORTRAN computer code designed to viscous flow in in situ vitrification melt pools. It models three-dimensional, incompressible, viscous flow and heat transfer. The momentum equation is coupled to the temperature field through the buoyancy force terms arising from the Boussinesq approximation. All fluid properties, except density, are assumed variable. Density is assumed constant except in the buoyancy force terms in the momentum equation. A simple melting model based on the enthalpy method allows the study of the melt front progression and latent heat effects. An indirect addressing scheme used in the numerical solution of the momentum equation voids unnecessary calculations in cells devoid of liquid. Two-dimensional calculations can be performed using either rectangular or cylindrical coordinates, while three-dimensional calculations use rectangular coordinates. All derivatives are approximated by finite differences. The ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a dynamic technology and progresses with time. Since the issuance of IAEA-TECDOC-628 in 1991, the technology has experienced numerous changes. Advancements in knowledge about the behaviour of materials have led to changes in the applicable NDT codes, standards and specifications. In addition, over the last ten years, as a result of extensive research and development activities worldwide, new NDT techniques and equipment have been developed which are accepted by engineering community. To accommodate the latest developments, modifications are required to training materials. The present publication is an updated version of IAEA-TECDOC-628. The modifications were made during an Advisory Group Meeting, held in Vienna from 25-29 June 2001. The content of the first edition of IAEA-TECDOC-628 has been revised based on the experience of the experts, as well as comments of the end-user industries. The time allotment for different topics has ...

CERN Document Server

Current theories on planetary formation establish that giant planet formation should be contextual to their quick migration towards the central star due to the protoplanets-disc interactions on a timescale of the order of $10^5$ years, for objects of nearly 10 terrestrial masses. Such a timescale should be smaller by an order of magnitude than that of gas accretion onto the protoplanet during the hierarchical growing-up of protoplanets by collisions with other minor objects. These arguments have recently been analysed using N-body and/or fluid-dynamics codes or a mixing of them. In this work, inviscid 2D simulations are performed, using the SPH method, to study the migration of one protoplanet, to evaluate the effectiveness of the accretion disc in the protoplanet dragging towards the central star, as a function of the mass of the planet itself, of disc tangential kinematics and of the presence of a planet ``pseudo-atmosphere''. To this purpose, the SPH ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper presents a practical case study on the dynamic stability of the Saudi Electricity Company (SEC) power system and its effect on increasing power transfer limit of the interconnection between Eastern Operating Area (SEC-EOA). The problem of optimal tuning of the power system stabilizer parameters was converted into optimization problem wth eigenvalue-based objective functions, which was then solved by genetic algorithms. In this regard, two eigenvalue-based objective functions were considered and the problem is solved using real-coded genetic algorithm (RCGA). The effectiveness of the suggested technique to enhance the power system dynamic stability and to extend the power transfer capability limit of the SEC-EOA and the SEC-EOA power system was verified through a comprehensive eigenvalue analysis and time-domain nonlinear simulation. The results also indicated that the proposed tuning schemes of the existing stabilizers in the system ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In a Pb-Bi cooled direct contact steam generation fast reactor water is injected directly above the core, the produced steam is separated at the top and is send to the turbine. Neither the direct contact phenomenon nor the two-phase flow simulations in CFD have been thoroughly described yet. A first attempt in simulating such two-phase flow in 2D using the CFD code Fluent is presented in this paper. The volume of fluid explicit model was used. Other important simulation parameters were: pressure velocity relation PISO, discretization scheme body force weighted for pressure, second order upwind for momentum and CISCAM for void fraction. Boundary conditions were mass flow inlet (Pb-Bi 0 kg/s and steam 0.07 kg/s) and pressure outlet. The effect of mesh size (0.5 mm and 0.2 mm cells) was investigated as well as the effect of the turbulent model. It was found that using a fine mesh is very important in order to achieve larger bubbles and the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A scheme is presented for the generation of entangled states for two cavity mirrors. In the scheme each mirror initially in a vacuum state interacts with a weak coherent field, resulting in a photon-number dependent kick. The detection of a photon leaking from the cavities collapses the two mirrors to an entangled state.

CERN Document Server

In key management schemes that realize secure multicast communications encrypted by group keys on a public network, tree structures are often used to update the group keys efficiently. Selcuk and Sidhu have proposed an efficient scheme which updates dynamically the tree structures based on the withdrawal probabilities of members. In this paper, it is shown that Selcuk-Sidhu scheme is asymptotically optimal for the cost of withdrawal. Furthermore, a new key management scheme, which takes account of key update costs of joining in addition to withdrawal, is proposed. It is proved that the proposed scheme is also asymptotically optimal, and it is shown by simulation that it can attain good performance for nonasymptotic cases.

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:7561458

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... beta spectrometers comparative evaluations data decay electrons

KoreaScience (Korea)

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CERN Document Server

Theory of quantum games is relatively new to the literature and its applications to various areas of research are being explored. It is a novel interpretation of strategies and decisions in quantum domain. In the earlier work on quantum games considerable attention was given to the resolution of dilemmas present in corresponding classical games. Two separate quantum schemes were presented by Eisert et al. and Marinatto and Weber to resolve dilemmas in Prisoners' Dilemma and Battle of Sexes games respectively. However for the latter scheme it was argued that dilemma was not resolved. We have modified the quantization scheme of Marinatto and Weber to resolve the dilemma. We have developed a generalized quantization scheme for two person non-zero sum games which reduces to the existing schemes under certain conditions. Applications of this generalized quantization ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The author describes feasibility study on the scheme of disposing spent guide tubes at Daya Bay nuclear power plant, including scheme selection, packing cask design, disposal operation and technological process, budget estimation and safety evaluation. The research results show that the new scheme is feasible on technology, and reasonable on budget. If the scheme is adopted to dispose the spent guide tubes at Daya Bay nuclear power station, it can not only save large funds, but also accumulate experience on disposing non-compressible low and intermediate level solid radioactive wastes produced at nuclear power station for the country

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This user's guide describes BNW-III, a computer code developed by the Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) as part of the Dry Cooling Enhancement Program sponsored by the US Department of Energy (DOE). The BNW-III code models a modular dry/wet cooling system for a nuclear or fossil fuel power plant. The purpose of this guide is to give the code user a brief description of what the BNW-III code is and how to use it. It describes the cooling system being modeled and the various models used. A detailed description of code input and code output is also included. The BNW-III code was developed to analyze a specific cooling system layout. However, there is a large degree of freedom in the type of cooling modules that can be selected and in the performance of those modules. The costs of the modules are input to the code, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A procedure for code Verification by the Method of Manufactured Solutions (MMS) is presented. Although the procedure requires a certain amount of creativity and skill, we show that MMS can be applied to a variety of engineering codes which numerically solve partial differential equations. This is illustrated by detailed examples from computational fluid dynamics. The strength of the MMS procedure is that it can identify any coding mistake that affects the order-of-accuracy of the numerical method. A set of examples which use a blind-test protocol demonstrates the kinds of coding mistakes that can (and cannot) be exposed via the MMS code Verification procedure. The principle advantage of the MMS procedure over traditional methods of code Verification is that code capabilities are tested in full generality. The procedure thus results in a high ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Heavy-ion reaction with unstable nuclei, {sup 13}N and {sup 11}Be, {sup 13}N+{sup 12}C and {sup 11}Be+{sup 12}C-{sup 10}Be+{sup 13}C were analyzed by a coupled-reaction-channel (CRC) method and formation of valence nucleon molecular orbital was studied by numerical analysing calculation. In this report, 1P1/2 (the ground state of {sup 13}N and {sup 13}C), 2s1/2 (the ground state of {sup 11}Be), 1d5/2 and 1d3/2 orbital were studied as one particle state of valance nucleon in {sup 13}N, {sup 13}C and {sup 11}Be. Moreover, d3/2 state, comparatively higher excited state, was contained into CRC calculation. The effect of this state on CRC scheme was proved very large. We developed new program code to obtain the numerical stable solution. It is necessary to about 200 MB (CRC equation) for {sup 11}Be+{sup 12}C{yields}{sup 10}Be+{sup 13}C and about 300 MB for discussion about molecular orbital. We show that the CRC calculation with the inelastic ...

Science.gov (United States)

This appendix provides a listing of the BNW-I optimization code, MFCIRI, for a metal finned tube dry-cooled heat rejection system for power plants. (LCL)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Most codon indices used today are based on highly biased nonrandom usage of codons in coding regions. The background of a coding or noncoding DNA sequence, however, is fairly random, and can be characterized...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

When a certain void fraction value is reached in the two-phase flow regime, a problem occurs in the COBRA-EN code. This problem was observed in the drift-flux model option and interrupts code execution. Two solutions are proposed to solve the problem.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A method is described for the supervision of technicians engaged in microscopical screening of large numbers of stools for Schistosoma mansoni ova. The scheme presents graphically...Full Text Available

Wastenet

Briefing Note November 2009 The Carbon Reduction Commitment (CRC) Energy Efficiency Scheme: UPDATE ...What is the CRC? ... The CRC is a mandatory emissions trading scheme that aims to deliver energy (and so

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

German (1975). Germany Borgs, JW Fabbri, R. Grueter, JW Khan,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... comparative evaluations energy-level transitions half-life internal conversion

CERN Document Server

We describe a scheme for quantum error correction that employs feedback and weak measurement rather than the standard tools of projective measurement and fast controlled unitary gates. The advantage of this scheme over previous protocols (for example Ahn et. al, PRA, 65, 042301 (2001)), is that it requires little side processing while remaining robust to measurement inefficiency, and is therefore considerably more practical. We evaluate the performance of our scheme by simulating the correction of bit-flips. We also consider implementation in a solid-state quantum computation architecture and estimate the maximal error rate which could be corrected with current technology.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Physician reimbursement and the coding to support it are critically important to the sustained health of any physician's practice. This article reviews the recent history of physician reimbursement...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

We present a scheme for three-party simultaneous quantum secure direct communication by using EPR pairs. In the scheme, three legitimate parties can simultaneously exchange their secret messages. It is also proved to be secure against the intercept-and-resend attack, the disturbance attack and the entangled-and-measure attack.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We propose two schemes for the implementation of quantum discrete Fourier transform in the ion trap system. In each scheme we design a tunable two-qubit phase gate as the main ingredient. The experimental implementation of the schemes would be an important step toward complex quantum computation in the ion trap system.

Wastenet

...food waste recycling schemes; (3) Six in-depth site visits to authorities operating collection schemes in order to capture information on scheme design, operational issues and factors affecting public engagement. The case study areas were: Bexley, Cambridge, Fenland, Hackney, Taunton Deane and Weymouth & Portland;...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recognizing that a high percentage of transmission-line faults are single-phase to earth and temporary in nature, provides the impetus for considering single-pole switching as a means to enhance the reliability of EHV transmission systems. The effectiveness of single-pole switching schemes is largely determined by the speed with which the secondary arcs extinguish, and hence allow system restoration. Simulation techniques that enable better prediction of the faulted-system response are of obvious importance to the design and assessment of the various single-pole switching scheme applications. In this thesis, digital methods are developed to enable the faulted response of EHV systems to be simulated for a variety of different single-pole switching schemes. These include conventional single-pole switching, the hybrid method of autoreclosure, the neutral switched reactor, and the High Speed Grounding Switch implementations. ...

CERN Document Server

System identification refers to estimation of process parameters and is a necessity in control theory. Physical systems usually have varying parameters. For such processes, accurate identification is particularly important. Online identification schemes are also needed for designing adaptive controllers. Real processes are usually of fractional order as opposed to the ideal integral order models. In this paper, we propose a simple and elegant scheme of estimating the parameters for such a fractional order process. A population of process models is generated and updated by particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique, the fitness function being the sum of squared deviations from the actual set of observations. Results show that the proposed scheme offers a high degree of accuracy even when the observations are corrupted to a significant degree. Additional schemes to improve the accuracy still further are ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The quality assurance requirements in various countries and according to various international codes and standards are presented, compared and critically discussed. Cases of developing countries are also discussed, and the use of IAEA code of practice and other codes for quality assurance in these countries is reviewed. Recommendations are made regarding the quality assurance system to be applied for Egypt's nuclear power plants.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Software quality assurance is an area of concern for DOE, EPA, and other agencies due to the poor quality of software and its documentation they have received in the past. This report briefly summarizes the software development concepts and terminology increasingly employed by these agencies and provides a workable approach to scientific programming under the new requirements. Following this is a practical description of how to qualify a simulation code, based on a software QA plan that has been reviewed and officially accepted by DOE/OCRWM. Two codes have recently been baselined and qualified, so that they can be officially used for QA Level 1 work under the DOE/OCRWM QA requirements. One of them was baselined and qualified within one week. The first of the codes was the multi-phase multi-component flow code TOUGH version 1, an already existing code, and the other was a ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

As the cost of developing completely new computer codes becomes prohibitive, designers of nuclear facilities are turning to more cost-effective approaches for meeting increasingly strict regulatory requirements applied to safety-related analysis. For designing and licensing the MAPLE family of research reactors, Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. (AECL) is employing the strategy of adapting major existing codes by linking them together within networks of custom-built interface software. This approach builds on the international investment in developing, maintaining, and verifying existing primary codes and focuses on the less onerous development of interface codes. The resultant code systems are then validated for the new applications of interest.

CERN Document Server

In source coding, either with or without side information at the decoder, the ultimate performance can be achieved by means of random binning. Structured binning into cosets of performing channel codes has been successfully employed in practical applications. In this letter it is formally shown that various convolutional- and turbo-syndrome decoding algorithms proposed in literature lead in fact to the same estimate. An equivalent implementation is also delineated by directly tackling syndrome decoding as a maximum a posteriori probability problem and solving it by means of iterative message-passing. This solution takes advantage of the exact same structures and algorithms used by the conventional channel decoder for the code according to which the syndrome is formed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the third millennium, when the main words are globalization, world net of computers, genetic code and efficiency, deep transformations have been incorporated to human behavior. Among such transformations it may be pointed out, matching with the objectives of this study, the modem consumer's profile. The consumers have quickly become more and more conscious and demanding regarding to the quality of the available products in the market. In that sense, the consumer's concern about the natural and healthy appearance, as well as the preservation of the nutritious content of the foods, have been a constant sign of alert for producers and suppliers. Besides, the timeless for domestic preparation of foods have imposed the use of minimally processed as an incontestable reality. A barrier for the production of minimally processed foods is imposed by the degree of perishability of certain products, such as the cassava-parsley. This vegetable is a source of energy, calcium, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The process of ensuring the quality of computer codes can be very time consuming and expensive. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Monte Carlo codes all predate the existence of quality assurance (QA) standards and configuration control. The number of person-years and the amount of money spent on code development make it impossible to adhere strictly to all the current requirements. At ORNL, the Nuclear Engineering Applications Section of the Computing Applications Division is responsible for the development, maintenance, and application of the Monte Carlo codes MORSE and KENO. The KENO code is used for doing criticality analyses; the MORSE code, which has two official versions, CGA and SGC, is used for radiation transport analyses. Because KENO and MORSE were very thoroughly checked out over the many years of extensive use both in the United States and in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Verification, calibration, and validation (VCV) of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) codes is an essential element of the code development process. The exact manner in which code VCV activities are planned and conducted, however, is critically important. It is suggested that the way in which code validation, in particular, is often conducted--by comparison to published experimental data obtained for other purposes--is in general difficult and unsatisfactory, and that a different approach is required. This paper describes a proposed methodology for CFD code VCV that meets the technical requirements and is philosophically consistent with code development needs. The proposed methodology stresses teamwork and cooperation between code developers and experimentalists throughout the VCV process, and takes advantage of certain synergisms between ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Two avowable quantum communication schemes are proposed. One is an avowable teleportation protocol based on the quantum cryptography. In this protocol one teleports a set of one-particle states based on the availability of an honest arbitrator, the keys and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs shared by the communication parties and the arbitrator. The key point is that the fact of the teleportation can neither be disavowed by the sender nor be denied by the receiver. Another is an avowable quantum secure direct communication scheme. A one-way Hash function chosen by the communication parties helps the receiver to validate the truth of the information and to avoid disavowing for the sender.

Science.gov (United States)

Single and selective pole tripping schemes may be used to maintain a desired level of system integrity while minimizing transmission line expenditures. In general, these schemes will be most effective on those portions of the system where relatively few interconnections exist. While selective pole tripping may superficially appear to provide more margin than single pole schemes in the preservation of system stability, it seems unlikely that in those actual applications where single pole tripping is warranted that selective pole tripping will provide any significant advantages.

CERN Document Server

We review an analysis of a consistent renormalization of the top and bottom quark/squark sector of the MSSM with complex parameters (cMSSM). Various renormalization schemes are defined, analyzed analytically and tested numerically in the decays Stop_2 -> Sbottom_i H^+/W^+ (i = 1,2). No scheme is found that produces numerically acceptable results over all the cMSSM parameter space, where problems occur mostly already for real parameters. Some numerical examples for Gamma(Stop_2 -> Sbottom_1 H^+) in our preferred scheme, "m_b, A_b DRbar" are shown.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper describes the benchmark analysis results of Rapid Boron Dilution (RBD) transient tests. The RBD transient tests were carried out at University of Maryland. The data were obtained as a part of the International Standard Problem No. 43, ISP-43, for code assessment. Nuclear Power Engineering Corporation (NUPEC) participated the benchmark analysis of ISP443 with the PLASHY code. The PLASHY code is a general purpose single-phase fluid analysis code, developed by NUPEC. The code has two types of module, Cartesian/Cylindrical coordinate system module and BFC module. In order to reduce the computing time, the Cartesian/Cylindrical coordinate system module was employed. All calculations were done on a parallel computer, IBM SP2, by using the 12 of 76 CPU units. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By generalizing the algebra satisfied by the ..gamma../sub 5/ matrix, it is possible to give an extension of ..gamma../sub 5/ to d dimensions. We discuss the connection of this scheme to others.

Science.gov (United States)

We propose a quantum secure direct communication scheme based on non-orthogonal entangled pairs and local measurement. In this scheme, we use eight non-orthogonal entangled pairs to act as quantum channels. Due to the non-orthogonality of the quantum channels, the present protocol can availably prohibit from all kinds of valid eavesdropping and acquire a secure quantum channel. By local measurement, the sender acquires a secret random sequence. The process of encoding on the random sequence is identical to the one in one-time-pad. So the present protocol is secure. Even for a highly lossy channel, our scheme is also valid. The scheme is feasible with present-day techniques.

CERN Document Server

The goal of this work is to minimize the energy dissipation of embedded controllers without jeopardizing the quality of control (QoC). Taking advantage of the dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) technology, this paper develops a performance-aware power management scheme for embedded controllers with processors that allow multiple voltage levels. The periods of control tasks are adapted online with respect to the current QoC, thus facilitating additional energy reduction over standard DVS. To avoid the waste of CPU resources as a result of the discrete voltage levels, a resource reclaiming mechanism is employed to maximize the CPU utilization and also to improve the QoC. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. Compared with the optimal standard DVS scheme, the proposed scheme is shown to be able to save remarkably more energy while maintaining comparable QoC.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Detailed level and decay schemes are presented for the nuclei of the A = 101 mass chain. The level properties obtained from decay and reaction experiments are shown in the drawings. Experimental methods, references, and comments are given in the text.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russian 1987. p. 99-100. USSR Sabalyauskas, L.Yu. Vanagas, VV Guseva,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In order to develop a numerical tool for the fast evaluation of CANDU refuelling schemes, a Linear Sensitivity Matrix method (LSM) is developed. It assumes that all the effects caused by various perturbations to the core state are independent to each other and the core response to a perturbation is proportional to its magnitude. In this way, the main core parameters of a refuelling scheme can be derived by simple algebraic operations with the use of pre-calculated sensitivity matrices, without resorting to the complicated and time-consuming 3D core calculation. Verification against the Qinshan CANDU reactor operation history demonstrates that LSM is capable of generating accurate results and running very fast for evaluating a refuelling scheme. (authors)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Municipal waste charges in Spain are very widespread, although their application varies significantly among different municipalities. Most commonly, waste charges are implemented as a flat rate, but some of them depend on indicators such as household water consumption, the land area of the property or the value of the real estate. Only one residential pay-as-you-throw scheme has been applied so far. It was a pay-per-bag scheme implemented in Torrelles de Llobregat, Barcelona. A number of other systems focussing only on commercial waste have been implemented in Spain. Several factors suggest that new pay-as-you-throw schemes will be adopted in the near future. In 2000 no municipalities had door-to-door collection schemes; since then over 70 municipalities have implemented them. In addition ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Objective To establish current practice in the use of Read codes for diabetes.Design Cross sectional study.Setting 17 practices in the Battersea...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Abstract The Read Thesaurus (Version 3 of the Read Codes) is a controlled medical vocabulary produced during the Clinical Terms Projects with the involvement of over 2,000 health care...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to the messenger RNA (mRNA) of protein coding genes. They control gene expression by either...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tests for the applicability of a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) code for simulating activity transport in PNA (Pulsed Neutron Activation) fluid measurements have been performed. The CFD code was combined with a Monte Carlo code used for the calculation of the initial activity distribution. The results from the calculations show that it is possible to use CFD for calculation of the activity distribution in PNA. The mainly qualitative results in this work are encouraging and suggest further work. In the continuation of this work a response function for the gamma detector will be calculated so that a PNA time spectrum can be simulated. A more accurate comparison with experimental data can then be performed

Science.gov (United States)

... used their Phoenics code to simulate the effect of additives, such as talcum powder which was impregnated in combustible cartridge cases, on the ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Tactical Electronic Warfare Division (Code 5700) Visualization Laboratory Transportable step frequency radar Vehicle development laboratory ...

CERN Document Server

This paper presents prefix codes which minimize various criteria constructed as a convex combination of maximum codeword length and average codeword length or maximum redundancy and average redundancy, including a convex combination of the average of an exponential function of the codeword length and the average redundancy. This framework encompasses as a special case several criteria previously investigated in the literature, while relations to universal coding is discussed. The coding algorithm derived is parametric resulting in re-adjusting the initial source probabilities via a weighted probability vector according to a merging rule. The level of desirable merging has implication in applications where the maximum codeword length is bounded.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... compilation fission products j codes mixed oxide fuels neutron reactions

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

HARPHRQ is a geochemical speciation program developed at Harwell and based on the U.S. Geological Survey code Phreeqe.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

CYRANO3 is the new EDF thermomechanical code developed to evaluate the overall fuel rod behavior under irradiation. In that context, this paper presents the phenomena to be simulated and the correlations adopted for modelling purposes. The empirical models presented are taken from the CYRANO2 code and a compilation of the relevant literature. The present revision corrects and supplements version B on the basis of its use during the software coding phase from January 1991 to May 1993. (authors). figs., tabs., 120 refs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background: We consider cells as biological systems that process information by means of molecular codes. Many studies analyze cellular information processing exclusively in syntactic terms (e.g., by measuring Shannon entropy of sets of macromolecules), and abstract completely from semantic aspects that are related to the meaning of molecular information. Methods: This mini-review focusses on semantic aspects of molecular information, particularly on codes that organize the semantic dimension of molecular information. First, a general conceptual framework for describing molecular information is proposed. Second, some examples of molecular codes are presented. Third, a mathematical approach that makes the identification of molecular codes in reaction networks possible, is developed. Results...

Science.gov (United States)

Changes to SEER Data Set for 2003 SEER Program Code Manual, 3rd Edition, 1st revision Data Items Required by SEER but No Longer Collected by COC The following fields will still be required by SEER or its participating central registries, even though they will no longer be collected by Commission on Cancer-approved facilities.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

PRESTO-II is a computer code developed to evaluate possible health effects from shallow land disposal of low level radioactive wastes. PRESTO-PREP is a data preprocessor that has been developed to expedite the formation of input data sets for PRESTO-II. PRESTO-PREP utilizes a library of nuclide and risk-specific data. Given an initial waste inventory, the code creates the radionuclide portion of the associated input data set for PRESTO-II. 2 references.

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Constructive and combinatorial relationships between order-isomorphisms and order-equivalence classes within the generalized genetic code are presented, not only for the biologically relevant groups of order 4, but also for finite groups of arbitrary order. The main result is the derivation of the number (and types) or order-equivalence classes for a group of order n. Finally, an extension of this work to all biologically admissible alternative codes is discussed.

Science.gov (United States)

A comparison was made of the advantages and disadvantages of two codes, SAND-II and FERRET, for determining the neutron flux spectrum and uncertainty from experimental dosimeter measurements as anticipated in the FFTF Reactor Characterization Program. This comparison involved an examination of the methodology and the operational performance of each code. The merits of each code were identified with respect to theoretical basis, directness of method, solution uniqueness, subjective influences, and sensitivity to various input parameters.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

New non-collinear schemes are suggested for transverse velocity modulation of electron beams and for the generation of coherent spontaneous radiation by these transversely modulated beams. It is shown that due to the non-collinearity some orders of magnitude enhancement can be achieved for the coherent spontaneous radiation (CSR) power at both the fundamental and harmonic frequencies.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We propose a scheme with potential experimental realization to generate 'polarization' entanglement between two atomic ensembles and show one of the applications - a novel secure communication allowing asymptotically key distribution and quasisecure direct communication. The scheme involves laser manipulation of atomic ensembles, adjustable quarter- and half-wave plates, beam splitters, polarizing beam splitters and single-photon detectors, and well fits the status of the current experimental technology.

CERN Document Server

We show that on any abelian scheme over a complex quasi-projective smooth variety, there is a Green current for the zero-section, which is axiomatically determined up to $\\partial$ and $\\bar\\partial$-exact differential forms. This current generalizes the Siegel functions defined on elliptic curves. We prove generalizations of classical properties of Siegel functions, like distribution relations, limit formulae and reciprocity laws.

Science.gov (United States)

In this paper we propose a method for construction of feed-forward neural classifiers based on regularization and adaptive architectures. Using a penalized maximum likelihood scheme, we derive a modified form of the entropic error measure and an algebraic estimate of the test error. In conjunction with optimal brain damage pruning, a test error estimate is used to select the network architecture. The scheme is evaluated on four classification problems. PMID:12662736

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The proliferation of 'botnets,' phishing schemes, denial-of-service attacks, root kits, and other cyber attack schemes designed to capture a system or network creates a climate of concern for system administrators, especially for those managing accelerator and large experimental-physics facilities, as they are very public targets. This paper will describe the steps being taken at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) to protect the infrastructure of the overall network with emphasis on security for the APS control system.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

New measurements of relative gamma-ray emission probabilities in the decay of "1"0"1Mo and "1"0"1Tc are reported. Previously published conversion-electron data have been used along with the gamma-ray data to formulate self-consistent decay schemes. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors apply the nonlinear WENO (Weighted Essentially Nonoscillatory) scheme to the spatial discretization of the Boltzmann Transport Equation modeling linear particle transport. The method is a finite volume scheme which ensures not only conservation, but also provides for a more natural handling of boundary conditions, material properties and source terms, as well as an easier parallel implementation and post processing. It is nonlinear in the sense that the stencil depends on the solution at each time step or iteration level. By biasing the gradient calculation towards the stencil with smaller derivatives, the scheme eliminates the Gibb's phenomenon with oscillations of size O(1) and reduces them to O(h{sup r}), where h is the mesh size and r is the order of accuracy. The current implementation is three-dimensional, generalized for unequally spaced meshes, fully parallelized, and up to fifth order accurate ...

Science.gov (United States)

Digital libraries play a crucial role in distance learning. Nowadays, they are one of the fundamental information sources for the students enrolled in this learning system. These libraries contain huge amount of instructional data (text, audio and video) offered by the distance learning program. Organization of the digital libraries is therefore very important for easy and fast access to the desired information. Improper categorization of data may mislead the students searching the library. Since manual categorization of huge amount of data might be challenging, an automatic and reliable method is needed. In this sense, this paper proposes an automated categorization scheme for digital libraries in distance learning. The categorization scheme is designed and developed by a pattern recognition approach. Effectiveness of the proposed scheme is evaluated on widely used Reuters database. The results of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Container Analysis Fire Environment (CAFE) computer code has been developed to model all relevant fire physics for predicting the thermal response of massive objects engulfed in large fires. It provides realistic fire thermal boundary conditions for use in design of radioactive material packages and in risk-based transportation studies. The CAFE code can be coupled to commercial finite-element codes such as MSC PATRAN/THERMAL and ANSYS. This coupled system of codes can be used to determine the internal thermal response of finite element models of packages to a range of fire environments. This document is a user manual describing how to use the three-dimensional version of CAFE, as well as a description of CAFE input and output parameters. Since this is a user manual, only a brief theoretical description of the equations and physical models is included.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

SCDAP/RELAP5 code has been developed in US for best-estimate simulation of light water reactors transients during nuclear accidents. The code models the coupled behaviour of the cooling system, reactor core and fission products release during the accident. It is the result of the coupling between RELAP5, modelling thermal hydraulic, control system, reactor kinetics and the transport of noncondensable gases, and SCDAP code modelling the behaviour of the reactor core during severe accidents. The paper briefly presents the application of SCDAP/RELAP5 code to CANDU severe accident analysis. Also, the paper proposes a summary of the needs for development that could enhance the quality of the severe accidents related predictions in CANDU reactors. (authors)

CERN Document Server

This paper proposes an adaptive morphological dilation image coding with context weights prediction. The new dilation method is not to use fixed models, but to decide whether a coefficient needs to be dilated or not according to the coefficient's predicted significance degree. It includes two key dilation technologies: 1) controlling dilation process with context weights to reduce the output of insignificant coefficients, and 2) using variable-length group test coding with context weights to adjust the coding order and cost as few bits as possible to present the events with large probability. Moreover, we also propose a novel context weight strategy to predict coefficient's significance degree more accurately, which serves for two dilation technologies. Experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms the state of the art image coding algorithms available today.

Science.gov (United States)

FIRESET is a PC-based computer code which calculates current as a function of time for an RLC circuit containing up to fifteen series conductors which undergo rapid heating and subsequent explosion as a consequence of an electric current which passes through them. In its original form, the code was developed to model electrical waveforms measured when a large, typically 25.4 x 25.4 x 0.051-mm, aluminum foil was exploded using a capacitor bank with tens of kilojoules of stored energy. The code proved to be useful for this purpose, and it was recognized that it could also be used for modeling the electrical response of detonator bridgewires. In view of the increasing use of slapper detonators for DOD applications, we wish to make the latest version of the code, available to DOD laboratories and contractors for use in designing firing systems which employ slapper or exploding bridgewire detonators. This ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

RELAP5/MOD3 code was developed for western type power water reactors with vertical steam generators. Thus, this code should be validated also for VVER design with horizontal steam generators. The validation work, which has been started in Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT), has already shown some weaknesses of the code. For example the flow inside a steam generator horizontal tube in some accident cases is not correctly modelled by the code. It may be the result of erroneous prediction of the flow regime. The aim of the study is the attempt of verification of the flow regime map, which is used in the RELAP5/MOD3 computer code for two-phase flow in horizontal tubes. (18 refs.).

CERN Document Server

It has previously been shown that ensembles of terminated protograph-based low-density parity-check (LDPC) convolutional codes have a typical minimum distance that grows linearly with block length and that they are capable of achieving capacity approaching iterative decoding thresholds on the binary erasure channel (BEC). In this paper, we review a recent result that the dramatic threshold improvement obtained by terminating LDPC convolutional codes extends to the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Also, using a (3,6)-regular protograph-based LDPC convolutional code ensemble as an example, we perform an asymptotic trapping set analysis of terminated LDPC convolutional code ensembles. In addition to capacity approaching iterative decoding thresholds and linearly growing minimum distance, we find that the smallest non-empty trapping set of a terminated ensemble grows linearly with block length.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The SCDAP/RELAP5 code has been developed for best estimate transient simulation of light water reactor coolant systems during a severe accident. The code models the coupled behavior of the reactor coolant system, core, fission product released during a severe accident transient as well as large and small break loss of coolant accidents, operational transients such as anticipated transient without SCRAM, loss of off-site power, loss of feedwater, and loss of flow. A generic modeling approach is used that permits as much of a particular system to be modeled as necessary. Control system and secondary system components are included to permit modeling of plant controls, turbines, condensers, and secondary feedwater conditioning systems. This volume describes the organization and manner of the interface between severe accident models which are resident in the SCDAP portion of the code and hydrodynamic models which are resident in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Inherent safety tests were performed during 1986 in the 400-MW (thermal) Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) reactor to demonstrate the effectiveness of an inherent shutdown device called the gas expansion module (GEM). The GEM device provided a strong negative reactivity feedback during loss-of-flow conditions by increasing the neutron leakage as a result of an expanding gas bubble. The best-estimate pretest calculations for these tests were performed using the IANUS plant analysis code (Westinghouse Electric Corporation proprietary code) and the MELT/SIEX3 core analysis code. These two codes were also used to perform the required operational safety analyses for the FFTF reactor and plant. Although it was intended to also use the SASSYS systems (core and plant) analysis code, the calibration of the SASSYS code for FFTF core and plant analysis was not completed in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Some aspects of the PSO scheme for natural gas are examined critically. Two central arguments used for justifying the PSO subsidy scheme of natural gas and its distribution are reviewed; these include the 'smallholder argument' and the 'environmental argument'. The 'smallholder argument' claims that since Norway has the natural gas resources, it should also make use of the natural gas in the country, and not simply send the raw material to other countries. The 'environmental argument' states that natural gas compared to other fossil fuels such as coal and fuel oil, is a far cleaner alternative, thus an environmental-friendly alternative entitled to financial support. The arguments are critically examined by the author (ml)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The validity is given to the newly proposed two weighting {delta}f scheme (Wang et al., Research Report of National Institute for Fusion Science NIFS-588, 1999) for collisional or neoclassical transport calculations, which can solve the drift kinetic equation taking account of effects of steep plasma gradients, large radial electric field, finite banana width, and the non-standard orbit topology near the axis. The marker density functions in weight equations are successively solved by using the idea of {delta}f method and a hierarchy of equations for weight and marker density functions is obtained. These hierarchy equations are solved by choosing an appropriate source function for each marker density. Thus the validity of the two weighting {delta}f scheme is mathematically proved. (author)

CERN Document Server

In cluster-based routing protocol (CBRP), two-level hierarchical structure is successfully used to reduce over-flooding in wireless Ad Hoc networks. As it is vulnerable to a single point of failure, we propose a new adaptive distributed threshold scheme to replace the cluster head by a group of cluster heads within each cluster, called COUNCIL, and distribute the service of single cluster head to multiple cluster heads using (k,n) threshold secret sharing scheme. An Ad Hoc network formed by COUNCIL based clusters can work correctly when the number of compromised cluster heads is smaller than k. To implement this adaptive threshold scheme in wireless Ad Hoc Networks, membership of the clusters should be defined in an adaptive way. In this paper, we mainly discuss our algorithm for forming COUNCIL based clusters using the concept of dominating set from graph theory.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The aim of this study is to study the effects of Boron (B) pollution in Buyuk Menderes river on planted crops and agricultural areas constructed in the irrigation schemes by the State Hydraulic Works (DSI) of the Lower Buyuk Menderes basin, Turkey. The studied irrigation schemes in the basin are Saraykoy, Pamukkale, Nazilli, Aydin, Sultanhisar, Koarli, and Soke. Mean B concentrations of river water used in the irrigation schemes ranged from 0.10 to 0.43 mgB L-1 for the period of 2008 to 2009. A total of 100,556 ha of the agricultural area and the basin groundwater resources are under the influence of B pollution from the Buyuk Menderes river. The amount of B accumulating in soils and seepage in the groundwater due to the used irrigation water was 18,495,350 and 9153 kgB yr-1, resp...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The #gamma# rays following the #beta# decays of "8"8Kr and "8"8Rb have been studied, using both large volume Ge(Li) detectors for singles and coincidence measurements and anti-Compton spectrometry for singles measurements. Level schemes for "8"8Rb and "8"8Sr were constructed from the data and 74 of 81 #gamma# rays observed in the decay of "8"8Kr were placed in the "8"8Rb level scheme with 23 excited states. For the decay of "8"8Rb, all of the observed 27 #gamma# rays have been placed in the (well known) level structure of "8"8Sr. Spin and parity assignments have been deduced from #beta#-decay logft values and #gamma#-ray transition patterns. Possible shell model interpretations are presented for the level schemes.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The control volume finite element method (CVFEM) was developed to combine the local numerical conservation property of control volume methods with the unstructured grid and generality of finite element methods (FEMs). Most implementations of CVFEM include mass-lumping and upwinding techniques typical of control volume schemes. In this work we compare, via numerical error analysis, CVFEM and FEM utilizing consistent and lumped mass implementations, and stabilized Petrov-Galerkin streamline upwind schemes in the context of advection-diffusion processes. For this type of problem, we find no apparent advantage to the local numerical conservation aspect of CVFEM as compared to FEM. The stabilized schemes improve accuracy and degree of positivity on coarse grids, and also reduce iteration counts for advection-dominated problems.

Science.gov (United States)

In this paper an efficient quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) scheme with authentication is presented, which is based on quantum entanglement and polarized single photons. The present protocol uses Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs and polarized single photons in batches. A particle of the EPR pairs is retained in the sender's station, and the other is transmitted forth and back between the sender and the receiver, similar to the ``ping-pong'' QSDC protocol. According to the shared information beforehand, these two kinds of quantum states are mixed and then transmitted via a quantum channel. The EPR pairs are used to transmit secret messages and the polarized single photons used for authentication and eavesdropping check. Consequently, because of the dual contributions of the polarized single photons, no classical information is needed. The intrinsic efficiency and total efficiency are both 1 in this scheme as almost all of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The objective of this paper is first to provide empirical evidence of what can be seen as a rather remarkable change in EU's position on the use of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions trading (ET) in climate policy, from the role of a sceptic in the run-up to Kyoto towards more of a frontrunner. The paper argues that there is a synergistic and multilevel mix of explanatory factors for this 'U-turn', including developments at the international, EU, Member State, sub-national, and even down to the personal level. Second, the paper explores and discusses the philosophy behind the Commission's proposal for a directive on GHG ET. Third, the paper examines the prospects for 'success' of a scheme for EU-wide ET using a multifaceted set of metrics. In brief, we argue that output success - the chances for having a directive adopted - hinges on the resolution of two key issues. First, whether the preliminary phase is to be ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A HydroSele S seal from James Walker has provided more than two years maintenance-free service at the large Entracque pumped-storage hydroelectric scheme in Italy.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is shown that within the framework of the Kershaw stochastic model generalized by the author to the relativistic case a Feynman-type process may be constructed which can formally be understood as a diffusion phenomenon in Euclidean space. This makes it possible to introduce a real probability measure in the scheme of quantum mechanics proposed by Feynman.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Detailed level and decay schemes and the experimental reaction and decay data on which they are based are presented for nuclei with mass number A = 242; the experimental data are evaluated. Adopted values for level and ..gamma..-ray energies, ..gamma..-intensities, as well as other nuclear properties are given.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The 1976 version of Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 99 (76Bu07) has been revised. Detailed level and decay schemes, arguments for J..pi.. assignments, and experimental data are presented. copyright 1988 Academic Press, Inc.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study of the joint evolution of the normal- and neutron-star components of massive binaries opens with a classification scheme and the analytic expressions to be applied in Paper II for computer simulation of the observable properties of such systems.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An important application of metal hydrides is as a moderator material in nuclear reactors. The fundamental properties of hydrides are illustrated and an impression given of the current research into hydrogen in transition metals. Phase diagrams, magnetic properties, temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficient, energy level schemes and superconductivity are considered. (C.F.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Drums is an acronym for Dynamic Rating and Underground Monitoring System, with specific application to high-pressure pipe-type cable systems which are the predominant means of underground electric power transmission in the United States. The primary objective of this EPRI-sponsored feasibility study was to establish the technical feasibility of seven DRUMS functions and two novel DRUMS communication schemes. The seven DRUMS functions which monitor the system's vital and measurable parameters in real time and perform system diagnostics in the event of component deterioration, malfunction or failure are: Real Time Current Monitoring and Rating; Leak Detection and Location; Fault Location; Pothead Monitoring; Oil Monitoring; Pipe Protection; and Splice Monitoring. The two DRUMS communication schemes are internal to the pipe cable system. Mechanical Communication will use pressure pulses to transmit data along the system, while the ...

Science.gov (United States)

We propose a simultaneous quantum secure direct communication scheme between one party and other three parties via four-particle GHZ states and swapping quantum entanglement. In the scheme, three spatially separated senders, Alice, Bob and Charlie, transmit their secret messages to a remote receiver Diana by performing a series of local operations on their respective particles according to the quadripartite stipulation. From Alice, Bob, Charlie and Diana's Bell measurement results, Diana can infer the secret messages. If a perfect quantum channel is used, the secret messages are faithfully transmitted from Alice, Bob and Charlie to Diana via initially shared pairs of four-particle GHZ states without revealing any information to a potential eavesdropper. As there is no transmission of the qubits carrying the secret message in the public channel, it is completely secure for the direct secret communication. This scheme can be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The thesis gives an overview of the validation process for thermal-hydraulic system codes and it presents in more detail the assessment and validation of the French code CATHARE for VVER calculations. Three assessment cases are presented: loop seal clearing, core reflooding and flow in a horizontal steam generator. The experience gained during these assessment and validation calculations has been used to analyze the behavior of the horizontal steam generator and the natural circulation in the geometry of the Loviisa nuclear power plant. Large part of the work has been performed in cooperation with the CATHARE-team in Grenoble, France. (41 refs., 11 figs., 8 tabs.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

FLOWTRAN-TF is a new two-component, two-phase thermal-hydraulics code to capture the detailed assembly behavior associated with loss-of-coolant accident analyses in multichannel assemblies of the SRS reactors. The local interfacial area of the two-phase mixture is computed by summing the interfacial areas contributed by each of three flow regimes. For smooth flow regime transitions, the code uses an interpolation technique in terms of component void fraction for each basic flow regime.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper a comparison between calculations of severe accidents occurred from WWER-1000 with ASTEC code specified for an event of full unloading with relief valves stuck opened with no hydroaccumulators intervention is presented. The purpose of the analyses provided is to present the relationship between the improvements of the actual version (ASTEC Vl.2 rev. 1) and ASTEC V1.1 p2 like: code modifications, incoming data improvements. Such discrepancies are to be examined. Case by case suggestions for ASTEC improvements are to be provided.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

CIRNAT, a one-dimensional code for natural circulation analysis, was described. The homogeneous approach was adopted for the two-phase flow regime and different heat transfer regimes were considered. The code was exhaustively tested for one-phase flow systems. For two phase flows a boiling/condensing system was simulated. The results are qualitatively correct but the oscillations observed at the system were not captured by the model. Other two-phase flow tests must be done to show the limits of the homogeneous approach before the introduction of a more complex model. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

As part of the ICAP (International Code Assessment and Applications Program) agreement between ECN (Netherlands Energy Research Foundation) and USNRC, ECN has performed a number of assessment calculations for the thermohydraulic system analysis code RELAP5/MOD2/36.05. This document describes the assessment of this computer program versus a natural circulation experiment as conducted at the Borssele Nuclear Power Plant. The results of this comparison show that the code RELAP5/MOD2 predicts well the natural circulation behaviour of Nuclear Power Plant Borssele.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Electrostatic plasma simulation code for 2D rectangular geometry is presented. Main distinguishing feature of the code is its orientation on the beam-plasma interaction. The code and its graphical interface were developed using MATLAB programming language. Simulation results of inhomogeneous plasma interaction with modulated electron beams of different width are compared. In case of wide beam the front of Langmuir waves generated in point of local plasma resonance is planar and in case of thin beam (or ribbon beam) the front has approximately half-circular form.

Science.gov (United States)

To estimate the waste management needs of a fusion power reactor, a scheme for handling radioactive waste from a fusion plant has been devised. The handling scheme proceeds with radioactive waste, primarily from blanket replacement, being stored on-site; waste in cooled and shielded casks is then isolated off-site; finally, the materials are recycled. Using activities and component lifetimes supplied by designers, several conceptual fusion power reactors have been analyzed and their waste streams compared to fission reactors with regard to total activity, specific activity, and lifetimes of activity.

CERN Document Server

Stable quotient spaces provide an alternative to stable maps for compactifying spaces of maps. When the target is projective space and the domain curve has genus 1, these are smooth proper Deligne-Mumford stacks. In this paper we study the associated coarse moduli schemes. We show these schemes are projective, rationally connected and have Picard number 2. Then we give generators for the Picard group, compute the canonical divisor, and the cones of ample and effective divisors. In certain cases, we also give a closed formula for the Poincar\\'{e} polynomial.

Science.gov (United States)

A general model for the dissolution of particles in multi-component alloys is proposed and analyzed. The model is based on diffusion equations with cross-terms for the several species, combined with a Stefan condition as the equation of motion of the interface between the particle and diffusive phase. Several numerical schemes for the solution of the Stefan problem are proposed and compared. It turns out that diagonalization is useful for numerical purposes. However, for the case of position-dependent diffusion coefficients one has to use a different scheme. Here, we analyze stability and workload of several time integration methods.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We propose a scheme of quantum computation with nonlinear quantum optics. Polarization states of photons are used for qubits. Photons with different frequencies represent different qubits. Single qubit rotation operation is implemented through optical elements like the Faraday polarization rotator. Photons are separated into different optical paths, or merged into a single optical path using dichromatic mirrors. The controlled-NOT gate between two qubits is implemented by the proper combination of parametric up and down conversions. This scheme has the following features: (1) No auxiliary qubits are required in the controlled-NOT gate operation; (2) No measurement is required in the course of the computation; (3) It is resource efficient and conceptually simple.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The average single-particle field shows a very small pseudo-spin-orbit splitting in the pseudo-spin representation. If this splitting is neglected, pseudo-spin becomes a good quantum number and the resulting scheme (the pseudo-Nilsson model) has a very simple interpretation. The pseudo-spin symmetry embodied in the realistic deformed average field is explored by comparing the single-particle energies and wave functions of the deformed Woods-Saxon model with the corresponding results of the pseudo-Nilsson model. The scheme is used to calculate the magnetic moments of deformed odd-A nuclei of the rare-earth region. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Measurements of low-energy (#approx#10"- "1"0 J) femtosecond laser pulse durations have been carried out on the basis of second-order autocorrelation function analysis. The scheme of non collinear second harmonic generation realized in KDP crystal has been used for increasing of the measurement contrast and accuracy. Proposed scheme can be used for measurements in wide enough ranges of laser pulse durations (from tens femto seconds to hundreds picoseconds) and energies. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We study a quantum computing system using microwave photons in transmission line resonators on a superconducting chip as qubits. We show that linear optics and other controls necessary for quantum computing can be implemented by coupling to Josephson devices on the same chip. By taking advantage of the strong nonlinearities in Josephson junctions, photonic qubit interactions can be realized. We analyze the gate error rate to demonstrate that our scheme is realistic even for Josephson devices with limited decoherence times. As a conceptually innovative solution based on existing technologies, our scheme provides an integrated and scalable approach to the next key milestone for photonic qubit quantum computing.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The main features and advantages of a new low energy nuclear spectroscopic method, the in-beam spectroscopy are described. Results of in-beam spectroscopic experiments performed at the Institute of Nuclear Research (ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary) are summarized. Gamma spectra of in-beam produced odd-odd nuclei were measured, gamma-energies were determined. Measurement of gamma-gamma coincidences led to the construction of energy level schemes of the investigated nuclei. Internal conversion electron spectroscopy was used to determine the multipolarities of transitions. A few spectra and level schemes are presented to illustrate the review. Theoretical interpretation of experimental results are briefly summarized. (D.Gy.).

Science.gov (United States)

In this paper, we proposed a novel quantum secure direct communication scheme with one-time pad in stabilizer formalism. Based on the reuse of qubit sequence, an efficient secure communication of secret messages without first producing a shared secret key can be achieved. One hence may find that the amount of private key needed for quantum communication is smaller than that in the general case. Therefore, the present protocol which is feasible with the present-day techniques may be applied to quantum communication with short-length encoding.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An improved method to design suitable compensating schemes for extra high voltage transmission lines is presented. The technique is general and effective and will greatly facilitate the design of the optimal compensation scheme for extra high voltage transmission lines. The technique is illustrated for a typical 500 kV system. The equations developed here for voltage maxima and minima along the transmission line eliminate the need for point-to-point computation of the voltage profile. The controversy existing in the literature over the problem of making a choice between pi and tee configurations has been removed and it is established with a mathematical proof that the tee configuration requires compensating elements of lower ratings.

CERN Document Server

System identification is a necessity in control theory. Classical control theory usually considers processes with integer order transfer functions. Real processes are usually of fractional order as opposed to the ideal integral order models. A simple and elegant scheme is presented for approximation of such a real world fractional order process by an ideal integral order model. A population of integral order process models is generated and updated by PSO technique, the fitness function being the sum of squared deviations from the set of observations obtained from the actual fractional order process. Results show that the proposed scheme offers a high degree of accuracy.

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WIPS (Whip and Impact of Piping Systems) is a special purpose computer code for the structural analysis of pipe whip dynamic effects following a postulated pipe rupture. WIPS has been developed primarily to provide support for the pipe whip analysis procedures described in Section 3.6.2 of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Standard Review Plan. This report summarizes the purpose and scope of the WIPS development effort, identifying those clauses in the Standard Review Plan which refer to pipe whip analysis, and indicating how the WIPS code can be used to provide supporting data. Detailed information on use of the code is contained in accompanying reports which cover: (1) user instructions; (2) theory; (3) programming procedures; and (4) verification examples.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

German 2001 p. 253-258 Germany Hages, P. Stratmann, W. STEAG encotec

Science.gov (United States)

This perspective view of Venus, generated by computer from NASA's Magellan data and color-coded with emissivity, shows part of the lowlands to the north of ...

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Inductive electromagnetic launchers, or coilguns, use discrete solenoidal coils to accelerate a coaxial conductive armature. To date, Sandia has been using an internally developed code, SLINGSHOT, as a point-mass lumped circuit element simulation tool for modeling coilgun behavior for design and verification purposes. This code has shortcomings in terms of accurately modeling gun performance under stressful electromagnetic propulsion environments. To correct for these limitations, it was decided to attempt to closely couple two Sandia simulation codes, Xyce and ALEGRA, to develop a more rigorous simulation capability for demanding launch applications. This report summarizes the modifications made to each respective code and the path forward to completing interfacing between them.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This article discusses issues in teaching secure coding in the context of both academic institutions and training organizations. The emphasis is on the importance of assurance. There is also some discussion of the role of checklists.

Science.gov (United States)

... ai jets used for chip removal. Control is normally effectd through the use of miscellaneous function M Codes on the postprocessor NC output. ...

Science.gov (United States)

This report summarizes the results of an expert-opinion elicitation activity designed to qualitatively assess the status and capabilities of currently available computer codes and models for accident analysis and reactor safety calculations of advanced sodium fast reactors, and identify important gaps. The twelve-member panel consisted of representatives from five U.S. National Laboratories (SNL, ANL, INL, ORNL, and BNL), the University of Wisconsin, the KAERI, the JAEA, and the CEA. The major portion of this elicitation activity occurred during a two-day meeting held on Aug. 10-11, 2010 at Argonne National Laboratory. There were two primary objectives of this work: (1) Identify computer codes currently available for SFR accident analysis and reactor safety calculations; and (2) Assess the status and capability of current US computer codes to adequately model the required accident scenarios and associated phenomena, and ...

Science.gov (United States)

Rich Baldwin. Phone : 301-286-3031. Email : Building/Office : 22/163. Mailing Address : NASA/GSFC, Code 921, Greenbelt, MD 20771 ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The Python programming language is steadily increasing in popularity as the language of choice for scientific computing. The ability of this scripting environment to access a huge code base in various...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The MCNPE-BO and MCNP4 Monte Carlo electron-photon codes were used to calculate the dose equivalent per unit fluence at various depths in tissue-equivalent slab phantoms for broad parallel beams of monoenergetic electrons with energies from 50 keV to 10 MeV. The study was carried out in the framework of the activities of a ICRP/ICRU Joint Task Group with the support of EURADOS WG4 (Numerical Dosimetry). Some preliminary results and comparisons as well as a general discussion on the performances of the codes are presented, demonstrating quite a satisfactory agreement among the results obtained using the two codes and those of other authors. (author).

Science.gov (United States)

... 3004505040***, MEDICAMENTS, DOSED, VITAMINS, MULTIPLE, OTHER COMBINATIONS, FD3***. 3104100000**, CARNALLITE, SYLVITE AND OTHER CRUDE POTASSIUM SALTS, FD3**. ...

Science.gov (United States)

rotor flow field in which the main rotor operates. The majority of ..... early separation predicted by their CFD code was ...... Airfoil, AGARD Fluid Dynamics Panel ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Using a weighted linear regression on randomly selected coincident SSM/I-buoy pairs from each of the climate m codes, it was possible to produce ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 2 Page 27. I PROGRESS: DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERACTIVE (;RAPHliCS PROGRAM FOR -"M CODES I. Pcng. 1. Choi. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The new Code Case to substitute the allowable crack angle for a circumferential surface crack in 'Rules on Fitness-for-Service (FFS)' published from The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME). Until now, the angle of a circumferential surface crack was limited below 60deg. This is the limitation with consideration to the stability of the crack if the deep crack penetrates wall of the pipe. Therefore, a long crack (such like an SCC) was obliged to repair or replace even if it was shallow enough. Weld Overlay (WOL) repair in which strength of the original piping is ignored is also inapplicable for the same reason. In order to solve this irrationality, the new Code Case applying to the crack stability assessment when the crack angle exceeds 60deg was established, and allowable crack depth according to the crack angle were defined in it. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

Hamed, A. and A. Mohamed, "Assessment of Shock Induced Flow Separation and ...... AGARD Symposium on Combined Cycle Propulsion for Hypersonic Application, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The ASFIT (Anisotropic Source-Flux Iteration Technique) code was first developed in India about 1970 to solve the radiation transport equation represented in the form of coupled integral equations separating the spatial and energy-angular transmissions. The ASFIT code uses a nodal structure in the wavelength [lambda] domain in Compton units (CU) rather than in the energy domain. The ASFIT-VARI code is the latest version available from the Radiation Shielding Information Center. It incorporates variable dimensioning and has been adapted for use on MS-DOS personal computers using the Ryan-McFarland or Microsoft Version 5.0 FORTRAN compilers. While earlier versions used point cross sections (well suited for gamma-ray transport), the present version also allows multigroup cross sections for neutron and coupled neutron-gamma-ray transport.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This study is concerned to the perforation phenomena of the oblique dual-plate by projectile. Experiment and simulation related to that was carried out. the variables considered in this phenomena include the electrolytic zinc coated steel sheet and carbon steel rod. In the former, the confirmation and projectile velocity possible phenomena of real phenomena is done, the latter, the effect of parameter such as time-step and grid space length is analyzed by using the three-dimensional Lagrangian explicit time-integration finite element code, HEMP. This code use the eight node hexahedral elements and in this study, Von-Mises Criteria is used as the strength model, Mie-Gruneisen is as the Equation of State. The simulation was performed by contrast with the experiment. Through the calibration of the parameter of Lagrangian code, reasonable result was approached.

CERN Document Server

Network tomography aims at inferring internal network characteristics based on measurements at the edge of the network. In loss tomography, in particular, the characteristic of interest is the loss rate of individual links. There is a significant body of work dedicated to this problem using multicast and/or unicast end-to-end probes. Independently, recent advances in network coding have shown that there are several advantages from allowing intermediate nodes to process and combine, in addition to just forward, packets. In this paper, we pose the problem of loss tomography in networks that have network coding capabilities. We design a framework for estimating link loss rates, which leverages network coding capabilities and we show that it improves several aspects of tomography, including the identifiability of links, the tradeoff between estimation accuracy and bandwidth efficiency, and the complexity of probe path ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 1 1 if on-line printout is desired (data will also be stored on tape) = 0 or blank, reduced data will be stored on a listable tape P3 M Codes B - Corivert ...

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Certification as applied to existing computer codes includes the verification and validation process, placing the code in configuration control, establishing user qualification standards and training requirements. All software intended for use in critical calculations must be certified. This report is intended to fulfill the requirements for the certification of the SHIELD, SHLDED, GEDIT, GENPRT, FIPROD, FPCALC, and PROCES modules of the SHIELD system built February, 1992, by W.S. Parks. These modules are used for burnup, cooling, separate, and edit calculations.

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The design of beam position monitor (BPM) stripline detectors has been enhanced by using the finite element code ANSYS[sup TM]. Available from Swanson Engineering, ANSYS[sup TM] was developed to solve Poisson's equation in stress and thermal analysis applications. The code is readily adaptable to solving electrostatic problems. The designs of several beam detectors were iterated by calculating electrode capacitances and characteristic impedances to better than 1% accuracy.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Finnish simulation code APROS and especially its 5-equation model is applied to modelling the horizontal steam generator. Different nodalizations are used in the secondary side of different models. Simulation results of the stationary state run are compared with results of RELAP5/MOD2 calculations and with an experimental plant data. (2 refs., 3 figs., 4 tabs.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This document describes the High Performance Electrical Modeling and Simulation (HPEMS) Global Verification Test Suite (VERTS). The VERTS is a regression test suite used for verification of the electrical circuit simulation codes currently being developed by the HPEMS code development team. This document contains descriptions of the Tier I test cases.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In France, groundwater usage represents 40 per cent of volumetric use, outside of thermal power plants. Groundwater represents 60 per cent of domestic and public use, 40 per cent in the industrial sector, and is increasing in the agricultural sector where it accounts for 20 per cent. Groundwater withdrawal in France has slightly increased over the last twenty years and benefited the agricultural sector. Availability throughout the territory, the consistency of resupply and natural quality has rendered groundwater a prevailing source for drinking water. Water protection and management is important and led to the adoption of legislative and regulatory measures. The Mining Code (Code minier) allows for exploitation of underground resources starting at 10 metres. The Rural Code (Code rural) mandates the declaration of public utility for water collection for the public. Protection areas are to be provided ...

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A new algorithm for the treatment of sliding interfaces between solids with or without friction in an Eulerian wavecode is described. The algorithm has been implemented in the two-dimensional version of the CTH code. The code was used to simulate penetration and perforation of aluminum plates by rigid, conical-nosed tungsten projectiles. Comparison with experimental data is provided.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The present code requirements on quality assurance as well as the present praxice of quality assurance procedures in the operation of nuclear power plants are presented. On the example of recurring inspections the organizational and technical complications are shown with respect to the code and licensing requirements. Taking the present experiences into account suggestions are given how to transform the general requirements of KTA 1401 to quality assurance requirements during plant operation. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There is a short description of DINAMIKA-5 code and calculation results for some conditions with level drop in the volume of the secondary circuit during RCP disconnection and decrease of feedwater flowrate at NPP units with VVER-1000 reactors. (orig.) (3 refs., 9 figs.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The 3-dimensional (3D) extension C5G7 MOX benchmark problems were solved by CHAPLET-3D code which is based on the idea of dynamic linkage of the multi-plane method of characteristics solutions. The benchmark results are quite accurate in comparison with the reference solutions, independently of the axial solver incorporated in the CHAPLET-3D code. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The CH-TRU Waste Content Codes (CH-TRUCON) document describes the inventory of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) CH-TRU waste within the transportation parameters specified by the Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Authorized Methods for Payload Control (CH-TRAMPAC). The CH-TRAMPAC defines the allowable payload for the Transuranic Package Transporter-II (TRUPACT-II) and HalfPACT packagings. This document is a catalog of TRUPACT-II and HalfPACT authorized contents and a description of the methods utilized to demonstrate compliance with the CH-TRAMPAC. A summary of currently approved content codes by site is presented in Table 1. The CH-TRAMPAC describes "shipping categories" that are assigned to each payload container. Multiple shipping categories may be assigned to a single content code. A summary of approved content codes and corresponding shipping categories is provided in Table 2, which consists of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present our plans for a Monte-Carlo code simulating all possible combinations of (electromagnetic) interactions between colliding electron, positron, and both high-energy and laser photon beams, based on the ABEL code for beam-beam interaction. The implementation and first results for the laser-e{sup -} interaction are described. ((orig.)).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The MEX-15 is a conceptual design of a Multipurpose Reactor with thermal power of 15 MW and this reactor is pool type with fuel plates U{sub 3}0{sub 8}-Al of low enrichment uranium. This report presents the static calculation for the MEX-15 reactor using SRAC code system and was developed under the collaboration agreement between ININ-JAERI in Research Reactor Technology Development Division of Department of Research Reactor in Tokai Research Establishment. (Author)

Science.gov (United States)

Cosmological N-body and hydrodynamic simulations start with a realization of a random density fluctuation field representing a cosmological model at an early epoch. The density field is often replaced by a set of particles whose positions and velocities are set to conform to the desired density field. Each particle represents a cloud of huge number of real particles. Positions and velocities of particles are subsequently integrated by various numerical codes. We have simulated a set of collisionless collapses of Gaussian density peaks by using the PM and P(3) M codes. We find that in cosmological simulations the physics at scales below the mean particle separation(MPS) is dominated by inaccuracies in describing the initial density field, and cannot be studied even by the high force-resolution codes. Since density fluctuations are ill-defined at scales smaller than MPS, it is desirable not to amplify this problem during the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document describes the 2003 SNL ASCI Software Quality Engineering (SQE) assessment of twenty ASCI application code teams and the results of that assessment. The purpose of this assessment was to determine code team compliance with the Sandia National Laboratories ASCI Applications Software Quality Engineering Practices, Version 2.0 as part of an overall program assessment.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Essential to today's modern refineries and the gasoline production process are fluidized catalytic cracking units. By using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code developed at Argonne National Laboratory to simulate the riser, parametric and sensitivity studies were performed to determine the effect of catalyst inlet conditions on the riser hydrodynamics and on the product yields. Simulations were created on the basis of a general riser configuration and operating conditions. The results of this work are indications of riser operating conditions that will maximize specific product yields. The CFD code is a three-dimensional, multiphase, turbulent, reacting flow code with phenomenological models for particle-solid interactions, droplet evaporation, and chemical kinetics. The code has been validated against pressure, particle loading, and product yield measurements. After validation of the ...

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A spectral element method embodying Large Eddy Simulation based on Re- Normalization Group theory for simulating Sub Grid Scale viscosity was chosen for this work. This method is embodied in a computer code called NEKTON. NEKTON solves the unsteady, 2D or 3D,incompressible Navier Stokes equations by a spectral element method. The code was later extended to include the variable density and multiple reactive species effects at low Mach numbers, and to compute transport of large particles governed by inertia. Transport of small particles is computed by treating them as trace species. Code computations were performed for a number of test conditions typical of flow past a deep tube bank in a boiler. Results indicate qualitatively correct behavior. Predictions of deposition rates and deposit shape evolution also show correct qualitative behavior. These simulations are the first attempts to compute flow field results at realistic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sudden changes in the temperature of flowing liquids can result in transient buoyancy forces which strongly impact the flow hydrodynamics via flow stratification. These effects have been studied for the case of potential flow of stratified liquids to line sinks, but not for moderator flow in SRS reactors. Standard codes, such as TRAC and COMMIX, do not have the capability to capture the stratification effect, due to strong numerical diffusion which smears away the hot/cold fluid interface. A related problem with standard codes is the inability to track plumes injected into the liquid flow, again due to numerical diffusion. The combined effects of buoyant stratification and plume dispersion have been identified as being important in operation the Supplementary Safety System which injects neutron-poison ink into SRS reactors to provide safe shutdown in the event of safety rod failure. The MODFLOW code discussed here provides ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The use of computer codes based on Monte Carlo methods to perform criticality calculations has become common-place. Although results frequently published in the literature report calculated k_e_f_f values to four decimal places, people who use the codes in their everyday work say that they only believe the first two decimal places of any result. The lack of confidence in the computed k_e_f_f values may be due to the tendency of the reported standard deviation to underestimate errors associated with the Monte Carlo process. The standard deviation as reported by the codes is the standard deviation of the mean of the k_e_f_f values for individual generations in the computer simulation, not the standard deviation of the computed k_e_f_f value compared with the physical system. A more subtle problem with the standard deviation of the mean as reported by the codes is that all the k_e_f_f values from the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A safety analysis code to design a pressurized water reactor and to obtain the licences including entire proprietary rights is under development in domestic research and development project. The purpose and scope of this report is to develop the flow regimes related models for inter-phase friction, wall frictions, wall heat transfer, and inter-phase heat and mass transfer in two-phase three-field equations. In order to choose choose the flow regime criteria, we have investigated various exiting best-estimate T/H codes in this chapter 2. They are the RELAP5-3D, TRAC-M, CATHARE, MARS codes. Around 500 references used in these codes have been collected and reviewed. Also we have investigated eleven papers in detail. In chapter 3, based on the selected flow regimes, the flow regime maps for a gas-liquid flow in horizontal and vertical tubes have decided including the mechanisms of flow regime transition ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The main purpose of this report is to document the benchmarking results and verification of the RESRAD-OFFSITE code as part of the quality assurance requirements of the RESRAD development program. This documentation will enable the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its contractors, and the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and its licensees and other stakeholders to use the quality-assured version of the code to perform dose analysis in a risk-informed and technically defensible manner to demonstrate compliance with the NRC's License Termination Rule, Title 10, Part 20, Subpart E, of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR Part 20, Subpart E); DOE's 10 CFR Part 834, Order 5400.5, ''Radiation Protection of the Public and the Environment''; and other Federal and State regulatory requirements as appropriate. The other purpose of this report is to document the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this work the development of a third order scheme of finite differences centered in mesh is presented and it is applied in the numerical solution of those diffusion equations in multi groups in stationary state and X Y geometry. Originally this scheme was developed by Hennart and del Valle for the monoenergetic diffusion equation with a well-known source and they show that the one scheme is of third order when comparing the numerical solution with the analytical solution of a model problem using several mesh refinements and boundary conditions. The scheme by them developed it also introduces the application of numeric quadratures to evaluate the rigidity matrices and of mass that its appear when making use of the finite elements method of Galerkin. One of the used quadratures is the open quadrature of 4 points, no-standard, of Newton-Cotes to evaluate in approximate form the elements of the rigidity ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The IAEA Code of Practice on Quality Assurance for Safety in Nuclear Power Plants and the corresponding Safety Guides are reviewed and compared with quality assurance (QA) practices in the IAEA Member States. The QA requirements stipulated by the Code place on the nuclear power plant owner the responsibility to establish an overall QA programme for the plant. In selecting the QA programme level for specific activities, the Code allows of a flexible approach but does not specify gradation in programme requirements. The Code is placing the burden of quality-achieving and quality-assuring functions on the task-performing organizations, namely the designers, manufacturers, constructors and plant operators. The plant owner provides for the management of the overall QA programme, surveillance of activities and verifications of the effectiveness of the constituent programmes of all project participants through ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report covers application of Argonne National Laboratory`s (ANL`s) computer codes to simulation and analysis of components of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power train system at the Component Development and Integration Facility (CDIF). Major components of the system include a 50-MWt coal-fired, two-stage combustor and an MHD channel. The combustor, designed and built by TRW, includes a deswirl section between the first and the second-stage combustor and a converging nozzle following the second-stage combustor, which connects to the MHD channel. ANL used computer codes to simulate and analyze flow characteristics in various components of the MHD system. The first-stage swirl combustor was deemed a mature technology and, therefore, was not included in the computer simulation. Several versions of the ICOMFLO computer code were used for the deswirl section and second-stage combustor. The MGMHD code, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Liquid sodium is used as coolant in Fast Breeder Reactors (FBR). There is a likelyhood of sodium spillage in ambient air in the Steam Generator Building (SGB) of the FBR plant. Due to high chemical reactivity with oxygen, especially at temperatures greater than 573 K, it catches fire very easily. In order to carryout safety related experimental studies for different modes of sodium fires and to develop suitable mathematical models for the assessment of their consequences, an experimental facility (SFEF, Sodium Fire Experimental Facility) is being setup a IGCAR, Kalpakkam. The SFEF is having a 540 m"3 volume experimental hall. Stainless steel linear will be provided on the inside surfaces of experimental hall walls, ceiling and floor. Analysis has been carried out for enclosed sodium pool fire scenarios in SFEF by using sodium pool fire code SOFIRE II, which estimates the thermal transients like pressure rise, gas temperature rise, cell wall temperature rise and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To estimate the success criteria of an operator's action time for a probabilistic safety/risk assessment (PSA/PRA) of a nuclear power plant, the information from a safety analysis report (SAR) and/or that by using a simplified simulation code such as the MAAP code has been used in a conventional PSA. However, the information from these is often too conservative to perform a realistic PSA for a risk-informed application. To reduce the undue conservatism, the use of a best-estimate thermal hydraulic code has become an essential issue in the latest PSA and it is now recognized as a suitable tool. In the same context, the 'ASME PRA standard' also recommends the use of a best-estimate code to improve the quality of a PSA. In Korea, a platform to use a best-estimate thermal hydraulic code called the MARS code has been developed for the PSA ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper identifies the event sequences that require thermal-hydraulic analyses for the success criteria of probabilistic safety analysis (PSA). The selection of the sequences is performed based on the review of the NEI Peer Review Process Guidance and ASME PRA Standard. Success criteria are the important element of PSA quality. Success criteria decide the success or failure of the key function in the PSA event tree. It is defined as a minimum set of components/trains of system required to mitigate an accident. Thermal-hydraulic codes are generally used to derive time-related criteria in the PSA, such as operator action time used in human reliability analysis (HRA), event timing, and time to recover the component or the power. This paper suggests the use of the MARS code for the T-H analysis to obtain the success criteria and sequence timing, and operator action time. In the Kori Units 3 and 4 PSA report, the T-H analyses for those criteria ...

Science.gov (United States)

In a relativistic density-functional theory the importance of the transverse photon contribution to the exchange potential in the high-density regime is pointed out. A neutral atom /sup 92/U is studied and its orbital energies calculated in the present scheme are compared with previous calculations based on relativistic Hartree, Dirac-Slater, and Dirac-Fock schemes and with experimental values from (electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) ESCA studies. The present scheme is also used to calculate the orbital and total energies of some highly stripped ions of the Li isoelectronic sequence which occur as impurities in controlled thermonuclear plasma. These energies are found to be in close agreement with more involved Dirac-Fock results. Also, the relativistic effects significantly increase in going from C/sup 3 +/ to W/sup 71 +/ because the electronic density reaches values for which relativistic effects become large.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The energy recovery scheme at Mucking Marshes landfill site, operated by Cory Environmental Limited, has been in operation since October 1991. Using landfill gas abstracted from the site, a gas turbine generates up to 3.2 MW net electric power for export. Operation and performance of the scheme has been monitored over the period January 1995 to August 1996. Overall performance since the first use of the turbine has also been studied, and has shown reliable and profitable operation. The capital cost of the gas turbine and gas compressor plant was approximately 1.8 million. Actual gas collection wells, pipework, pumping and monitoring facilities, while essential to the scheme, are considered part of the gas control equipment needed for the landfill site. Based on a notional electricity selling price of 4p/kWh, the current annual income from exported power is 550,000. This would be substantially increased by increasing the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

High-resolution sequence stratigraphy concepts are applied to Erema, a Miocene onshore field of the Niger delta. The field's production is decreasing and an up-to-date geological model is essential to monitor the production. We aim to show an approach, using subsurface data and sequence stratigraphic concepts, which results in a time-line (Maximum Flooding Surfaces) correlation scheme. This scheme is based upon a facies model and is destined to guide the study of the characterization of reservoir heterogeneities. Using the cored well as a reference point, the facies model consists of shoreface dunes (planar tabular cross-stratified sandstones) changing landward into fluvial distributary deposits (through cross-stratified sandstones) via a tide-influenced coastal plain facies. The stacking pattern of genetic units shows a seaward stepping phase at the reservoir scale (sixty metres thick) with an abrupt deepening at the top of the ...