Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes inorganic solid electrolytes from a viewpoint of electrolytes for lithium batteries. Lithium ion conductive inorganic solid electrolytes are largely divided into crystalline and amorphous substances. Crystalline substances are known as LiI and Li3N, and also oxygen acid salt. However, when considering application to a battery, its large grain boundary resistance and electrochemical instability would be a problem. Lithium ion conductive amorphous solid electrolytes are divided into an oxide system and a sulfide system. Since most of them do not contain transition metal elements, they are stable against electrochemical reduction, and ions move isotropically in electrolyte. Therefore, ion conduction paths across the grain boundaries may be connected more easily, forming an electrolyte with low grain boundary resistance. As a result of the efforts of the authors in searching new additives substituting LiI, it was found that addition of Li3PO4 improves ion conductivity ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The metal dependence of mesoporous activated carbons with various metal acetylacetonate (acac) particles prepared from Morwell coal was studied. In experiment, the mixture of Morwell coal and acac metal complexes were dissipated into tetrahydrofuran, and after agitation in Ar atmosphere, the solvent was removed by vacuum distillation. Coal specimens with Fe(acac)3, Ni(acac)2 and Co(acac)2 as acac complexes were activated by exchanging flow gas with water vapor after heat treatment in N2 gas flow at 900{degree}C. The pore sizes of the specimens were obtained from N2 adsorption isotherms by BET method and BJH method. Conditions of pores and metals in the specimens were examined by XRD measurement and TEM observation. The relation between the above conditions and pore characteristics obtained from adsorption experiment was also examined. As a result, the difference in mesopore ratio between the specimens and blank specimens was larger in the order of Fe, Co and Ni, and the effect of added ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The objective of the research is first to build a highly parallel processing system using 100 personal computers and an ATM switch. The former is a commodity for computer, while the latter can be regarded as a commodity for future communication systems. Second is to implement parallel relational database management system and parallel data mining system over the 100-PC cluster system. Third is to run decision-support queries typicalto data warehouses, to run association rule mining, and to prove the effectiveness of the proposed architecture as a next generation parallel database/datamining server. Performance/cost ratio of PC is significantly improved compared with workstations and proprietry systems due to its mass production. The cost of ATM switch is also considerably decreasing since ATM is being widely accepted as a communication-on infrastructure. By combining 100 PCs as computing commodities and ATM switch as a communication commodity, we built large sca-le parallel processing ...