International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002 p. 56 China Debontride, B. Bids and Projects Division, Daya Bay and

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2002 p. 139 China Sun Haiying Ye Zhiqiang Bu Jianhua Guangdong Nuclear

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is located at the Daya Bay nuclear power plant in Shenzhen, China. The experiment deploys eight 'identical' antineutrino detectors to measure antineutrino fluxes from six 2.9 GWth reactor cores in three underground experimental halls at different distances. The target zone of the Daya Bay detector is filled with 20 t 0.1% Gd doped LAB liquid scintillator. The baseline uncorrelated detector uncertainty is ?0.38% using current experimental techniques. Daya Bay can reach a sensitivity of sin22?13<0.01 with baseline uncertainties after 3 years of data taking.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The in-core reload design procedure, computer codes, design contents and comparison between expected design values and measured values for Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station are presented. The in-core reload design for Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station performed by Nuclear Power Institute of China satisfies the requirements of safety and economy. The expected design values are fit well with measured values

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

'Small radioactive source results in big accident' have occurred repeatedly in China and worldwide alike. Radioactive source management is one of the key activities for a nuclear power plant to maintain its good safety record and image to the public. From aspects of establishing the management system, centralized storage, periodic accounting, performing whole process control to the source usage and experience feedback etc., the author reports the practice and experience of radioactive source management in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Search for the value of ?13 mixing angle is of importance in understanding the lepton flavor mixing matrix, and in motivating future experiments to probe CP violation in the lepton sector. Among the present experimental approaches, reactor experiment can provide a clean laboratory for the ?13-measurement. The Daya Bay experiment will start civil construction this year at Daya Bay, Guangdong, China. The goal of this experiment is to reach a sensitivity in sin2 2?13 of < 0.01 at 90% C.L. by precisely measuring the disappearance and spectral distortion of reactor electron anti-neutrinos with multiple identical detectors at different baselines. The talk will present the current status and prospects of the experiment.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Unit one of Daya Bay, China's first nuclear power plant was officially opened in February 1994. The nuclear island has been built by Framatome and is an improved version of the Gravelines 5 and 6, 900MWe Pressurized Water Reactors. Extra seismic protection has been included because of greater earthquake risk. The heat exchanger capacity has also been increased as the sea cooling water can be at 30"oC. The technical specifications and details of the fuel loading are given. The technical assistance, management and training of Chinese personnel are discussed. Two further units may be built if Daya Bay 1 is successful. (UK).

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China's fast-growing online consumer-to-consumer (C2C) market merits widespread research efforts. However, it has so far received little research attention. In this exploratory study, we chose Taobao - a leading online C2C auction company in China with more than 70% of market shares - as our research context. We focus on the general market structure of Taobao in terms of three factors: market distribution, market growth, and market concentration. Based on these factors, we reveal the differences between Taobao and eBay. In our preliminary data analyses, we adopt total online reputation scores to measure the transaction volumes of online sellers. We also propose the sample-based Herfindal-Hirschman Index as a measure in the comparison of concentration levels between the two markets and at d...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper introduces the inter-comparison results of some environmental radioactivity monitoring items for Daya Bay nuclear power plant. The inter-comparison was organized by China Institute for Radiation Protection and five laboratories participated in it. The compared items included total #beta# in kelp and sediment, "3H in water, "9"0Sr in soil, artificial nuclides "1"1"0"mAg, "2"4"1Am, "1"0"9Cd, "5"7Co in kelp and sediment. Inter-comparison results are analyzed as well

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Changes in cell density and cyst flux of Alexandrium tamarense, paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxin contents in shellfishes, and environmental parameters were measured in two stations in Daya Bay, South China Sea from March 2005 to July 2006. Vegetative cells of A. tamarense occurred sporadically; however, they presented abundantly during the winter months. Meanwhile, cyst flux reached its maximum level just following the peak abundance of motile cells. The PSP contents in shellfish were generally low, but higher in winter with the maximum of 14,015 @mg STX equiv./kg. The majority of toxins were found in digestive glands, with a maximum of 66,227 @mg STX equiv./kg. There were significant positive relationships between toxin level and vegetative cell density and cyst flux. This indica...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Technology transfer is an integral part of Framatome's general approach to its Chinese partners for the Daya Bay, Ling Ao, and Qinshan phase 2 nuclear power plant projects. It has been the subject of major operations covering all activities relevant to project management, design and engineering, manufacturing, and maintenance know-how. This presentation is more particularly devoted to nuclear island maintenance knowledge, which has been extensively transferred by Framatome to the Daya Bay plant owner over a period of four years, through a program including the constitution of mixed Franco-Chinese teams to handle plant maintenance, shadow training of Chinese specialists in the maintenance work performed by Framatome or its subcontractors in France, and theoretical training sessions on equipment mockups in China and France. (author)

CERN Document Server

Reactor neutrinos play an important role in determining parameter theta_{13} in the lepton mixing (PMNS) matrix. Next important step on measuring PMNS matrix could be to build another reactor neutrino experiment in DaYa bay, China, to search the possible oscillations via sin^2 (2theta_{13}) and Delta m^2_{13}. We consider 4 different schemes for positions of three 8-ton detectors of this experiment, and simulate the results with respect to an array of assumed ''true'' values of physics parameters. Using three kinds of analysis method, we suggest a best scheme for DaYa-Bay which is to place a detector 2200m ~ 2500m symmetrically away from two reactors, and to put the other two detectors closer to their corresponding reactors respectively, almost at a 100m \\~ 200m distance. Moreover, with conservative assumption on the experimental technique, we construct series of allowed regions from our simulation results, and give ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Findings indicate an urgent need to establish a monitoring program for persistent organic pollutants in water and sediment. - Marine culture is thriving in China and represents a major component of the regional economy in coastal zones, yet the environmental quality of many of those areas has never been studied. This paper attempts to investigate the quality status of Daya Bay, a key aquaculture area in China. The levels of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in water and sediment samples of the bay. The total concentrations of 16 PAHs varied from 4228 to 29325 ng l"-"1 in water, and from 115 to 1134 ng g"-"1 dry weight in sediments. In comparison to many other marine systems studied, the PAH levels in Daya Bay waters were relatively high, and at six sites they were sufficiently high (>10 #mu#g l"-"1) to cause acute toxicity. The PAH composition pattern in ...

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The effects of temperature and different forms of nutrients on Chattonella marina growth have been investigated in strains isolated from the Daya Bay, the South China Sea. The strain of C. marina preferred high temperatures, with an optimal temperature of 25?C, and 18?C was the minimum for its survival. Higher cell number and growth rate were obtained in high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (500 ?g/L, 74 ?g/L) than under nutrient limitation. Nitrogen influenced the growth most, as the specific growth rate and maximum cell density were lower in nitrogenlimited cultures than noted under phosphorus limitation or under limitation from both. C. marina was capable of using many kinds of organic nitrogen sources including L-serine (L-Ser), glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala), L-threonine (L-Thr),...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The supply of electronic instrumentation and controlling (I and C) equipments in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station depends on importation up to now, however, reliable supply of spare parts is presently threatened by many factors. Consequently, Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station tries to localize these equipments. According to a survey, China has possessed the ability to undertake the research, development and production of the I and C system in nuclear power independently. We propose that localization should firstly starts with the production of replacement board and parts for analogical I and C system, gradually leads to the substitution of system cabinet units, and finally realize the independent research, development and production of advanced digital main control system. A series of prominent problems of producing nuclear grade I and C equipments are focused on the designing, manufacturing, testing and reliability evaluation. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The program package COSYMA for assessing the radiological and economic consequences of nuclear accidents, developed with the support of the European Commission, was applied to investigate the health effects and risks from accidental releases of radioactive material from the Daya Bay nuclear power plant. Population distribution data in the range of 80 km around the site and hourly meteorological data for the year 1985 representative of accident consequence analysis were used. The results showed that early effects are more important at distances closer to the site, while the number of fatal cancers is closely related to the population density and the late effects are still important at distances larger than 50 km from the site. The mean annual expected values for early mortality and late mortality estimated for the population within a circle of 80 km around the Daya Bay nuclear power plant are 4.5x10"-"3 and 0.1 yr"-"1, respectively.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Objective: To survey the data for the state of health in the ambient residents of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant, and provide the background data to evaluate the state of health affected by fallout of nuclear power plant. Methods: The datas were collected by a radiation epidemiology. The investigation was carried out in the area within 20 km of radius from Daya Bay Nuclear' Power Plant, and the subjects who had lived there for three years or longer before January. 1,1993 and covered by the Household Registry were recruited to a cohort. Results: The mortality rate of overall cancer (per 100 000 PYr) was 88.57 (the standard mortality rate was 79.77 ), the mortality rate of leukemia (per 100 000 PYr) was 3.24 (the standard mortality rate was 2.94), the palpation rate of the goiter in 7-14 years old was 8.34%(9.69% in B ultrasonic), the morbidity rate of newborn's defect (per 100 00 P) was 82.33. The mortality of all cancers or leukemia was similar ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper, an investigation was performed on a failure pressure vessel, which was as an anti-freezing heater for General Gas Storage and Distribution (SGZ) system. Evident and serious deformation was observed on the body of the vessel. A metallurgical investigation was conducted to establish the mechanism and cause of deformation of the anti-freezing heater at Daya Bay PWR station in China. The investigation, which was performed on specimens cut from the most serious area deformed of the vessel, included macroscopic examination and microscopy examination. The results of the examinations showed that some lamellar pearlite in the microstructure were already spheroidized. It was confirmed that the vessel was operated at high temperature. Stress analysis for the vessel was conducted. And it was confirmed that, in ideal conditions, the vessel would be deformed at around 420 C. The overall results of the investigation showed that the failure of ...

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The Yaojia Formation recovered by CCSD-SK-Is borehole (China Cretaceous Continental Scientific Drilling-SongkeI-the south borehole) is 157.67 m long and 99.96% of cores recovery. The age of the formation corresponds with a range from the Santonian to the early Campanian. The sequences and processes of lithology-lithofacies and cyclic stratigraphy are revealed by a detailed core description. Eleven rock types and three kinds of sedimentary subfacies, including shallow lake, deep lake, and delta front, are recognized from the drilling core. There are eleven sedimentary microfacies including dolostone, argillaceous limestone, shallow lake turbidite, deep lake turbidite, subaqueous mouth bar, distal bar, sheet sandstone, subaqueous distributary bay, slump deposits, shallow lake mudstone, and d...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In Aug 2002, the National Nuclear Safety Administration of China issued the policy statement for building new nuclear power plants, which requires the probability based safety goal of severe core damage must be lower than 10"-"5/a. The station blackout accident would be possible to cause a severe accident if there were no effective engineering measures to prevent or mitigate the consequences of the accident. By using MELCOR1.8.5 and KORIGEN codes, the present paper has simulated the station blackout accident for Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant and calculated the source term and radioactivity of main fission products in the containment in the late phase of the accident. CsI is found the main part of aerosol in the containment. The Xe133 and Xe133m start releasing from the containment after its failure, and the upper limit of the amount of released radioactivity is evaluated less than 5.5 x 10"1"5Bq. The total radioactivity of other significant ...

CERN Document Server

The Last Unknown Neutrino Mixing Angle $\\theta_{13}$ and the Daya Bay Experiment

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By presenting some case studies, this paper analyzes China`s situation with regard to hazardous waste: its environmental trade, treatment, and management. The paper describes China`s experiences with the environmental trade of hazardous waste in both the internal and international market. Regulations for managing the import of waste are discussed, as are China`s major approaches to the trading of hazardous waste both at home and overseas. The major reasons for setting up the Asian-Pacific Regional Training Center for Technology Transfer and Environmental Sound Management of Wastes in China and the activities involved in this effort are also described. 1 tab.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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The issue of China?s energy supply security is not only the key problem which affects China?s rapid and sustainable development in the 21st century, but also the one which international attention focuses on. Based on the notable characteristic of spatial imbalance between energy production and consumption in China, this paper takes the evolution of China?s primary energy resources development(excluding hydropower) from 1949 to 2007 as the study object, with the aim to sum up the evolutive characteristics and laws of China?s energy resources development in the past nearly 60 years. Then, based on comprehensive considerations of coal?s, oil?s and natural gas?s basic reserves, qualities, geological conditions, production status, and ecological service function of every province, this paper ad...

Science.gov (United States)

Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge 9500 Thornton Ave. Newark, CA 94560 - 052...

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Language: English ...

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Short communication

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... numbers of marine mammals during operation of an offshore liquefied natural gas (LNG) facility in the Massachusetts Bay for ... ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background Since 2007, sex has been the major mode of HIV transmission in China, accounting for 75% of new infections in 2009. Reducing sexual transmission is a major challenge for China...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Presented here is the calculation results of tidal field of Daya Bay by using pseudospectral method. According to the calculation results about the tidal field and measured value of wind in Daya Bay area, the diffusion of radionuclide from Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant is simulated by using particle random walk model. The simulation results about the relative concentration distribution of the radionuclides and the trajectory of the distribution centrode are obtained, taking account of tidal current, wind and turbulent current. These results can provide information not only for the reasonable discharge of the radionuclides from Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant, but also for understanding the potential effect on environment due to the normal operation of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant. (authors)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in the Chesapeake Bay are currently experiencing a very high prevalence of mycobacteriosis associated with newly described Mycobacterium...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

The Daya Bay Neutrino Experiment is proposed to measure sin^2(2\\theta_{13}) to better than 0.01 at 90% C.L. in a three-year run. The experimental site, detector design, and background estimation are presented.

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADD457408. Title : FIELD CORROSION TESTS FOR COMPARISON OF CORROSIVITY IN JAPAN AND CHINA. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper discusses the stationary neutron radiography system (SNRS) with respect to the component positioning systems (CPSs) and the rationale behind their design. As design work is on-going at Science Applications International Corporation, this report gives a current update of progress. The SNRS has four separate radiography bays, Bays 1 through 4. The first three bays have automated positioning systems for real-time and near real-time neutron radiography of aircraft components. Bay 4 has been designed to accommodate components from the solid rocket booster, but will be used first for film radiography of pyrotechnic components.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

FLOWER, a computer code recommended by USNRC for assessing the environmental impact in tidal regions, was adapted and improved so as to be suitable to deal with the influence of drift stream along seashore to the dilution of contaminants and heat in the bay mouth. And the code outputs were presented with more mid-results such as average concentrations and temperature values for all tides considered. Finally, the modified code is applied to the dispersion calculation of heat and liquid effluents from Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant, and the impacts from routine operation of the plant on Daya Bay sea waters were given.

Science.gov (United States)

... 2004, Underwater Gliders for Ocean Research. Journal of the Marine Technology Society. Fiorelli, E., NE Leonard, P. Bhatta ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stretch-Out and Extended Low Power Operation is two particular operating modes applied for nuclear electricity generation. The relevant safety analysis and the impacts on plant operation are well illustrated, as well as some operation experiences earned in Daya Bay nuclear power station. The safety analysis and plant practice show that Stretch-Out operation and Extended Low Power Operation are operable in Daya Bay nuclear power station

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The early accident Sequence of the Station Blackout accident is simulated for Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant, using MELCOR code. The radioactivity of main fission products was derived after calculating the source term in containment. The data will be used for Daya Bay NPP PSA analysis

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The population masses in many coastal zones in Japan, and human activities are greatly effected. The representative water area is the Tokyo Bay. The population of the Tokyo Bay reaches 26 million at present, and a mass of organic substance and nutrient salt flow into it through rivers and sewage-treatment plants, etc. With the improvement of pollution source countermeasure and sewerage in the area, the inflow load to the Bay gradually decreases, but in the inner bay, red tide is generating in the summertime mainly. And, the anoxic water areas observed in bottom layer in summertime make large effects on the seafood. It is a large theme to clarify formation process of the anoxic water area and to solve this problem for the Tokyo Bay in the twenty-first century. In this paper, changes in water qualities and human activities and fundamental approach of water quality conservation of the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThroughout China, a growing number of physicians are leaving or intending to depart from their organizations owing to job dissatisfaction. Little information is available...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

China’s methadone maintenance treatment program was initiated in 2004 as a small pilot project in just eight sites. It has since expanded into a nationwide program encompassing more than 680...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundMost maternal deaths in developing countries can be prevented. China is among the 13 countries with the most maternal deaths; however, there has been a marked decrease...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundNinety-one rodent plague epidemics have occurred in Lianghe county, Yunnan Province, China, between 1990 and 2006. This study aimed to identify predictors for the presence...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Rapid changes in China over the past two decades have led to significant problems associated with population migration and changing social attitudes, including a growing sex industry and concurrent...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

By the time of primary 21st century, water hyacinth had become a serious environmental problem in China. Water hyacinth contributes to the major part of ecological hazards from the invasion of foreign...Full Text Available

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Abstract Objective: This study aims to gain an overview of hot topics related to research focused on Chinese herbal drugs by authors inside China and outside of China in the past 10 years. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE was utilized in order to investigate and select research that was published on ?Chinese herbal drugs?? from 1998 to 2007, by authors located both inside and outside of China (MeSH terms were downloaded and ranked). MeSH terms that frequently appeared were identified and co-word analysis was carried out for two groups: (1) authors located in China, and (2) authors based outside of China, respectively. The hot topics concerning research into Chinese herbal drugs were concluded after cluster analysis and related document analysis. Results: For authors in the China group versus those ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background"Doing the month", or "sitting month", is a traditional practice for postpartum women in China and other Asian countries, which includes some taboos against well-accepted...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundIn order to evaluate the safety of acupuncture in China objectively, we investigated the adverse events associated with acupuncture based on three multicentre randomized...Full Text Available

KoreaScience (Korea)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Formosat (Taiwan, China) 2m WorldView-1 (US) 0.5m The SIAU is using

Science.gov (United States)

... should seek permission from the local governments and personnel assignment commissions to set up an import- export tax management office in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

According to China's 'Medium- and Long-term Nuclear Power Development Program (2005-2020)', nuclear energy development in China will take the technical line of closed nuclear fuel cycle. This paper discusses the significance of closed nuclear fuel cycle, and briefly introduces development trends in the world. This article also discusses the opportunity to construct spent fuel reprocessing plant; equilibrium of plutonium production and consumption; adaptability and economics to use MOX fuel in the thermal neutron reactor. Some suggestions are put forward to the overall development of nuclear energy in China. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This work describes the use of volatile halocarbons in a pulp mill effluent, including chloroform, bromodichloromethane, and tri- and tetrachloroethylene, as tracers for the distribution and movements of effluent currents in a receiving water bay (Jackfish Bay) on the northern shore of Lake Superior. The results indicate the simplicity and usefulness of the technique and the significantly improved resolution of effluent plume delineation over the customary use of conductance profiles. Concentration patterns of the effluent volatiles suggest counterclockwise circulation of bay water that mixes with inflowing lake water at the eastern reach of the outer bay. The distribution of volatile contaminants is governed by the thermal regime of the receiving waters. During the summer months, the effluent plume wedges between the thermocline and epilimnion, mixing into the surface waters as the distance from the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

China is continuing to extract oil from kerogen shale despite having a crude production capacity of 100 Mt a year. Among the reasons for this policy are the country's rich oil shale resources, comparatively mature extraction techniques, and a comprehensive utilization of the shale that has proved to be economically profitable. China has oil shale deposits of 340 Gt, equivalent to 24.5 Gt of shale oil, to rank fourth in the world after the U.S., Brazil, and the Soviet Union.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

After the devastating natural disasters that have hit China recently, another crisis is looming, Drought, pollution and heavy usage in the fast-developing megacities have resulted in a shortage of water. A huge construction effort is underway to divert water from the south to the north. But experts warn that it will not solve China's structural water problems.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The full scope simulator in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station is imported from THOMSON-CSF company in France. It is a large facility, using digital simulation technology, that simulate the main control room of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station with the high fidelity. It is used for training operators; system analyzing including operation procedure verification. The input output interface system of the simulator is the bridge of the information exchange between instrumentation and the computer. From the point of view of data transfer, this paper discusses the operation principle of the I/O interface system.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The validation of the forecast model for early emergency response to nuclear accidents is evaluated by trace tests in atmosphere in Daya Bay nuclear power site. The simulation experiment of the Daya Bay nuclear power site shows that the particle spreading image and the time-integrated concentration distribution given by plume concentration prediction model can perform the variation of pathway of the pollutant transport, as well as the effects of topography on transport and diffusion of pollutants. The simulation of five trace tests in field shows that 59.1% of ratios between predicted results and observed results are within the range of 10, and 41% of ratios are within the range of 5 approximately. (authors)

CERN Document Server

Daya Bay Neutrino Experiment is dedicated to measuring the last unobserved neutrino mixing angle theta_13. The predicted precision on sin^2(2theta_13) is 0.01 at 90% confidence level. This document briefly reviews the measurement method and detector construction status. The first two anti-neutrino detectors' dry run result is also discussed. The Daya Bay near hall data taking is expected to commence in the summer of 2011 and the data taking of all of the three halls in the summer of 2012.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

During the operation of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station, some little branches of secondary system were with great vibration and even some of them cracked due to the great vibration that may cause some effect on the safety of the power station. This paper performed analysis and evaluation to the eight systems of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station based on the vibration test results from the examination of the safety during ten years, and the list of the sensitive piping and suggestion for modification were presented based on the analysis results. (authors)

Science.gov (United States)

... herbaceous and low succulents (mostly Sesuvium portulacastrum, also Ipomea sp., Euphorbia sp.). Local informants revealed that historic colonies ... vegetation (Sesuvium portulacastrum, Suriana maritima, ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Several researchers have investigated morphological changes on the south-eastern Mediterranean coast during the late Holocene. However, very few of these studies include quantitative data covering the last 200?years. In this study, topographical maps, nautical charts and aerial photographs are used to estimate the shoreline migrations and beach?nearshore sand balance over the last 200?years in Haifa Bay, Israel, the northernmost final depositional sink of the Nile littoral cell. The findings reflect two main periods. During the first period, between 1799 and 1928, human intervention along the bay?s coast was negligible, a significant coastal expansion of ?50 to 150?m (averages of 0.4?1.2?m/year) was measured, and sand accumulation was estimated at ?70,000?m3 annually in the beach?nearshore...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The main points of quality control methods and technique of environmental radiological baseline study of Guangdong Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station are reported. Results of intercalibration of international and inland laboratories are given. The random chosen samples are checked and compared with two measurement methods. The data obtained in Daya Bay environment are put to the correlation statistics test using the linear regression analysis method between the correlative items such as "4"0K activity by gamma spectrum measurement and potassium content by chemical analysis, total #alpha#(#beta#) activity and nuclide content, as well as environmental gamma radiation dose rate and TLD accumulation dose. The data of Daya Bay environmental radioactivity baseline level show good concordance and reliability.

Science.gov (United States)

... of Award Costs (Schedule A), are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a ... support costs, materials and supplies, and the indirect costs. We found two material internal ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Presented here is the calculation of radionuclide concentration in gaseous effluents from the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant by using the Gaussian model, based on the analysis of the radionuclides in gaseous effluents and based on the measured wind field in the area of Guangdong province in November 2005. The calculating results about the relative concentration distribution of the radionuclides in Guangdong province, especially in Daya Bay, Shengzheng, Zhuhai and Guangzhou, are obtained. These results can provide reference data for the effect of radiation on the environment of Guangdong province under normal conditions of operation of the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant. It can also provide reference data for monitoring possible nuclear incidents in nuclear power plants. (authors)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Climate change and limited primary energy resources require indigenous renewable electricity generation options to change the current coal-dominated power source matrix in China. The wind power is such a solution for the above challenges, and it still has large space for improvement in China. In this paper several critical factors related to Chinese wind power were studied in details, including the wind resources, the wind turbine industry and the policies from the Chinese government. Based on the study, the perspective of wind power in China was discussed. With outstanding advantages, the offshore wind power has a bright future in China, so its main characteristics are discussed. Based on the discussions, suggestions were given to improve the development of Chinese wind power, and the gov...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This study uses the European Patent Office worldwide patent database and applies two-stage interactive data collection methods to reveal the evolving technological interdependence for China's emerging biofuel industry. Three findings are excerpted from our empirical results. First, due to dominant patterns of business ownership, China's biofuel technology is seen as largely based on the evolutionary strength of the foodstuff and chemical fields. Second, China's biofuel technology development has evolved in the mode of 'forward engineering', led by Chinese universities rather than initiated by the public research institutes as in the experience of other East Asian latecomers. Third, our patent map and technology trajectory analyses illustrate that China's biofuel technology tends to be appl...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Weakly penetrating radiation monitoring and investigating with area monitors and individual dosimeters were carried out at Daya Bay nuclear power plant during its refueling outages. This paper introduces monitoring methods, measuring results, data analysis and assessment, presents some suggestions for monitoring plan and protection measures in the future as well. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The authors report the individual monitoring data management system (IDOSE) at Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station. The components of the individual monitoring system, the design requirements of IDOSE, the characteristics and application of this computerized management system are mainly presented. Its application shows that IDOSE meets the requirements of the concerning occupational standards of the state and matches with the requirements of IAEA/ISOE.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Based on the reliability analysis methods of FMEA and FTA, according to the result of ETA of PRA in Daya by NPP, the top events of the fault trees of reactor protection system and the success criteria were established. By using RISK-SPECTRUM procedure, the unavailability and the minimal cut-sets (MCS) of the fault trees were obtained. The results of analysis was put into the visual risk analysis software of Daya bay NPP as the support of data

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station has made a series of tries and efforts on radiation source control and benefited from them since it was put into commercial operation. Some of them were introduced from experience feedbacks of foreign nuclear power industry and others came from our own good practices

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Both the accuracy and real-time are quite strictly required for the RCS thermal-hydraulic model of the simulation of nuclear power station. So, a large amount of reasonable simplifications should be carried on. The author introduces the RCS thermal-hydraulic model of the full scope simulator of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station, and emphasizes on the fundamental hypotheses and computation method of its kernel part--DEFI programme.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The fuel management study on 18-months fuel cycle project is introduced for Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station. Station from the selection of the objective of fuel management for 18-months cycle, the method used and the analysis done are explained in detail to reach the final loading pattern chosen

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The philosophy of work management in radiation protection puts emphasis on the following up and management of overall process from work selection, planning, preparation, implementation till experience feedback, and overall optimization of production and safety management. This paper reports practices and experiences of Daya Bay nuclear power plant in the implementation of the philosophy during operational radiation protection through the practical examples

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We have designed a local trigger board for the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment, which is aimed to measure the neutrino mixing angle sin22?13 with a precision down to 1% level. The local trigger board processes both the total number of coincident photomultiplier tube (PMT) hits and the PMT energy sum to make trigger decisions. With this design, a high trigger probability is achieved to meet the system requirement. The design of the local trigger board is presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In view of the widespread cracks discovered in the reinforced-concrete circulating water culvert of Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station, cause analysis for the cracks is made in terms of construction and design. It is concluded that the cracks mainly resulted from shrinkage and temperature. Corresponding countermeasures are put forward thereafter for reference of similar projects

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The author reports briefly a noble gas leakage searching process in which a person was contaminated in Daya Bay NPP, the radionuclide causing contamination was ascertained as the daughter product of "8"8Kr, the "8"8Rb; By taking air contamination sampling and measuring the "8"8Rb concentration in the room, the leakage source was predetermined and the leakage rate of primary coolant was estimated

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A lot of recent experimental results show that cladding failure limits to the RCCA ejection accident will be changed because of the impact of the high irradiation on the fuel rod behavior in the reactor. The maximal assembly discharge burnup in Daya Bay unit 1 and 2 will reach up to 52 GMd/tU with 18 month fuel cycle. It is necessary to perform the specific RCCA ejection accident analysis for the high burnup fuel assembly in order to evaluate the maximal enthalpy in the fuel rods. There is no definite design limit of maximal enthalpy for high burnup assembly during the RCCA ejection accident. One could perform the rod ejection accident analysis for the high burnup assemblies and compare the analytical results with the specific experimental results. The RCCA ejection accident analysis for the high burnup assemblies for Daya Bay NPS has been performed based on the conventional methodology (2D-1D). For each anticipated cycle in Daya ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The unique challenges and opportunities associated with China's rapid economic growth were discussed with reference to the potential risk of political disruption or destabilizing international markets. The author notes that two common mistakes are typically made when assessing the evolution of China's energy policy. The first is that China's future path is assimilated with that of developed countries, thereby dismissing evidence that might point toward a different relationship with energy. Second, analysts tend to focus on the external expression of China's energy needs, its oil imports, while overlooking other energy-related issues such as insufficient electricity supplies or environmental degradation. The author argues that Chinese leadership is redefining its understanding of what constitutes energy security for the country. This report assesses the international impacts of such a redefinition along ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

English Jul 2001 p. 143-144 China Liu Changlong Academia Sinica,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

English 1992 p. 146 China Yuan Shuanggui Xu Shuwei Zhang Xueqian Atomic

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The occurrence of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in breast milk samples collected from mothers from twelve provinces in mainland China was investigated. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) were the most prevalent agent, followed by HCHs and HCB, whereas levels of chlordane compounds, drins and mirex were lower. The relatively lower DDE/DDT ratio in the Fujian rural area suggested more recent exposure to DDT than in other areas. The mean level of DDTs in breast milk from the southern China was higher than those from northern China (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed between concentration of DDTs in human milk and consumption of animal-origin food, suggesting that this parameter could play an important part in influencing OCPs burdens in lactating women. The mean...

Science.gov (United States)

... should give full con- As for the effects of the Three Gorges on the mouth of sideration to the rising water process and water temper- the river, the ...

Environmental Research Database

ObjectivesThe International Network for Young Scientists is holding a China:UK workshop in Shanghai in December. It will focus specifically on Renewable Energy. Profs Wallace and Infield have been invited to be the UK academic partners. Dr. Luo Yong Hao, Deputy Director of Institute for Thermal Engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University is the lead Chinese academic partner. British Council Shanghai are the co-ordinators of the event and have obtained some limited funding to cover the costs.. ~%~~%~T [continued...]DescriptionReseachers are being brought together at a China:UK Renewable Energy Research Workshop. They will define and initiate joint research and staff/student exchanges between Chinese and UK universities to advance renewable energy and related research to meet the energy needs of both China and the UK.~%~

Science.gov (United States)

... to de-scope the weapon system. ... AIAA American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronomy ... Nations BASIC Broad Area Space-Based Imagery Collector ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

English 1993 p. 161-163 China Zhu Rongbao Yang Liucheng Zhang

Science.gov (United States)

... increasing its economic results, tapping mew financial sources and augmenting its income, but also a basic task in financial and tax management. ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Remote sensing of total suspended solids (TSS) by satellite techniques in estuaries and bays plays an important role in monitoring water quality over a large area. It is valuable to the management of coastal water environment and ecosystems. In this study, remote sensing mapping of TSS was conducted to investigate the effects of rainstorm events on Apalachicola Bay. A rainstorm event (October 7-8, 2008) was selected for a period when wind speeds were weak and the river inflow was almost steady. TSS mapping of MODIS images before and after the rainstorm event showed substantial increase of TSS induced by the rainstorm. Using an image during low river discharge before the rainstorm as a reference, TSS distribution was mapped by an improved regression model using MODIS image after a rainstorm...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sunlight exposure has been suggested as a cause of AMD. To examine this, we collected detailed histories of ocular sun exposure in 838 watermen who work on the Chesapeake Bay. The presence and severity...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Antarctic geology: proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Antarctic Geology, Cape Town, 16-21 September 1963. Adie, R.J. (ed) Amsterdam North ...

Science.gov (United States)

... al. (1992) and Santos and Bueno (2002) in Scylla serrata and Cal. ornatus, respectively. According to these authors, ... S. Poovachiranon. 1992. Age of the mangrove crab Scylla serrata at colonization by ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 3 3 0 Short weekend leave 4 2 2 ... 30 30 0 Stay at sick bay 31 32 -1 ... fers massive losses of effectiveness in training. At this point, the predictive ...

Science.gov (United States)

Record production of heavy water was achieved: the plants at Glace Bay and Port Hawkesbury, Nova Scotia, produced a total of 560 megagrams. A shipment of 500 Mg was delivered on time to the Wolsung CANDU reactor in Korea. Energy conservation and waste hea...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents the Asian landscape with its regional balances and imbalances and its changes after September 11 and subsequent events. The nuclear posture and the role of nuclear weapons inside the China-India-Pakistan triangle is analyzed with respect to the US non-proliferation policy and its expanding military presence over the Asian continent. (J.S.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To meet growth in the fast developing Pearl River Delta economic zone in China`s Guangdong province, a 270 MW oil-fired combined cycle at Foshan was built and commissioned in only 22 months from financial closure. This article describes the Foshan power station, specifications, design, procurement, construction and operating concerns. 5 figs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Extensive investigations and detailed analysis of the failure reason of 9DVN002ZV fan in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station showed that the fan destroy was caused by the failure of non-drive end bear. The direct cause of this bearing' failure was its improper assembly caused by improper maintenance procedure, and the root cause was too small internal radial clearance after mounting. The factor affecting bearing internal radial clearance, the relationship between clearance and operating life time and fan failure process were discussed. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper, probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) of the station blackout (SBO) and 5th emergency diesel in Daya Bay NPP has been carried out, the calculation method of non-recover factors of power supplies is given, and sensitivity analysis on the connection duration of 5th emergency diesel has been executed. It is concluded that the core damage frequency (CDF) induced by SBO is relatively large, the addition of 5th emergency diesel is very helpful for the CDF reduction, and the connection duration of this diesel has great effect on the CDF reduction

CERN Document Server

The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment is designed to determine the yet unknown neutrino mixing angle theta_13 by measuring the disappearance of electron antineutrinos from several nuclear reactor cores, using multiple underground detectors at different baselines to minimize systematic errors and to suppress the cosmogenic background. The civil construction has begun since October 2007, enabling first commissioning data in 2009, and full data taking will begin in late 2010. The planned sensitivity in sin^2 (2theta_13) of better than 0.01 at 90% CL will be achieved in three years of data-taking. I will present an overview and current status of the experiment.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The author describes the Gamma -spectrum analysis results of "1"1"0"mAg, the method used, and the coincidence correction theory on which the analysis is based. The samples were placed at the upper end of the detector. The monitoring results of "1"1"0"mAg in the surrounding marine area from the beginning of operation of the Daya Bay nuclear power plant are reviewed as well. The results showed that "1"1"0"mAg traces were detected in some marine species. However, the concentrations observed are far below the National Standard limits

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Daya Bay Reactor Anti-Neutrino Experiment is a neutrino oscillation experiment designed to observe and measure the neutrino mixing angle ?13. The sensitivity goal is 0.01 in sin 22?13 at the 90% confidence level, a significant improvement over the current limit. This will be accomplished by measuring the relative rates and energy spectra of reactor electron antineutrinos with multiple detectors positioned at different baselines. Civil construction is currently under-way as detector designs and planning near completion. Commissioning activities should be completed by the end of 2010, followed by a three-year run.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The accident assessment under emergency situation includes the accident status evaluation and its consequence estimation. This paper introduces evaluation methods for accident status and its assistant computer system (SESAME-GNP) utilized during the emergency situation in Guangdong Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station (GNPS) in detail. At the same time, an improved accident consequence estimation system in GNPS (RACAS-GNP) is briefly described. With the improvement of the accident assessment systems, the capability of emergency response in GNPS is strengthened

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

China operates 10 nuclear power reactors and has 5 more under construction. A large extension of nuclear power is expected by 2020. Nuclear generated electricity accounts for 2% of the total electric power generation. The Chinese policy is to have spent fuel reprocessed in China. So, final disposal include vitrified waste and some CANDU spent fuel for direct disposal. There is a legal framework in place in China to manage HLW. The China Atomic Energy Authority (CAEA) has the responsibility for setting policy on HLW disposal and implementing the disposal programme, while the National Nuclear Safety Administration (NNSA) and the State Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) are the regulatory bodies, which are responsible for licensing and reviewing of environment impact assessment report. The China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) is considered to be the actual implementer, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper systematically introduces the supervision monitoring for radiation environment around the Guangdong Daya Bay and Ling Ao nuclear power station by the Guangdong Environmental Radiation Research and Monitoring Center. It includes the monitoring plan, methods, quality assurance, main results and conclusions. The results show that: (1) The gas discharge have not caused any detectable impacts to the terrestrial and atmospheric environment since their operation; (2) "1"1"0"mAg could only be detected in seawater in the West Daya Bay in 1995 and 1997 and in sediments in 1997. The maximum annual average in seawater was 3.1 Bq/m"3, annual average of "1"1"0"mAg in sediments was 1.0 Bq/kg(dry). But it was always detectable in pearl oyster, gulfweed and cuttlefish in the West Daya Bay. The "1"1"0"mAg concentrations in halobios were relatively higher in 1994, 1996 and 1997. The maximum concentrations in pearl oyster, gulfweed ...

Science.gov (United States)

Lack of access to basic education leads to diminished individual and national capabilities, therewith furthering cycles of poverty. An equitable education system meeting basic learning needs represents not only a human right, but also a means for reducing poverty, promoting productivity, and sustaining development. The Government of China--the most populous developing nation, the majority of whose citizens live in rural areas--has been committed to universalizing nine-year compulsory education among school-aged children and eliminating illiteracy among youths and adults aged 15-45. This study examines lessons learned from China's efforts in these areas. It also reports on current challenges and trends in a new national initiative for achieving high-quality universal basic education by the year 2007.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In recent years, cobia has become an emerging farmed species in Asia due to its quick growth and high economic value. This study collects biological and economic data affecting the economic performance of cobia farming in three countries, namely Taiwan, China, and Vietnam. The data are collected by questionnaire sampling and analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis in order to compare the key factors affecting the production and economy of cobia farming in these three countries. The results show that Taiwan, China, and Vietnam have significant differences in input intensities and profitability. China has the highest input intensity (3372.42?TWD/m3), as its high stocking density increases feed input. Taiwan has the highest unit input cost (103.44?TWD/kg), as the high quality of the pro...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This article discusses how history, the cultural setting, and the political-ideological contexts may influence educational research in China. It seeks to demonstrate a dichotomy between official and popular discourses, and argues that there is a need for the researcher to understand and interpret the language style used in various interview settings and research publications in China. Further, it is contended that ideology and cultural influences push towards a 'virtuous' or socially acceptable understanding of reality. These ideological and cultural norms may also affect official research data and statistics. Further, the article seeks to demonstrate that for a researcher in China (whether Chinese or not) it is important to cultivate and make use of guanxi (connections), at the same time ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to promote environmental damage monitoring and environmental impacts assessment caused by mining in China, the most significant project that uses advanced Earth Observation technology to assess environmental impacts caused by mining, namely MINEO (assessment and monitoring the environmental impact of mining activities in Europe using advanced Earth Observation technology) was introduced and its enlightenment to China were investigated. It was proposed that an integrated technical framework of monitoring environmental impacts caused by mining be designed, quantitative inversion of biological and environmental parameters from RS data be emphasised, hyperspectral Remote Sensing be applied, RS and GIS be integrated with professional models, multi-object applications of RS be implemented, and related standards and specification be drawn up based on typical case study sites. 23 refs., 1 fig.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The use of natural gas in China is still relatively immature, as gas production only supplies a low percentage of the domestic energy system. In contrast, Chinese economy mainly relies on coal with a 67% share of the total primary energy supply. The environmental impact from this high coal dependence is significant and planners have sought for cleaner energy sources. Natural gas is both cleaner and generally more efficient than coal and gas consumption is rising quickly due to these facts. The growth tendency indicates that natural gas will become an important substitution for coal in some parts of the Chinese primary energy consumption. To quantify this tendency, this paper uses a system dynamics model to create a possible outlook. The results show that the gas consumption in China will c...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This is the first record from China of the bopyrid isopod genus Asymmetrione, of which the new species Asymmetrione globifera, a parasite of the hermit crab Dardanus hessii (Miers) in Beibu Gulf and South China Sea, is described. The female A. globifera differs from Asymmetrione nossibensis Bourdon in the shape of its barbula and ornamentation of the first oostegite. A tabulation of the occurrence of all currently known species of Asymmetrione is included. New genus Parasymmetrione is described. The type species, Parasymmetrione tuberculineata, sp. nov., a parasite of Clibanarius corallinus (H. Milne-Edwards) Xisha, is similar in appearance to Asymmetrione spp. but differs, in the female, in not having the propodi of its pereopods produced into sockets and having uniramous uropoda; the mal...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This BCRS project demonstrates the use of SAR interferometry for measuring and monitoring land subsidence caused by underground coal fires and underground mining in a remote area of north west China. China is the largest producer and consumer of coal in the world. Throughout the N.W., N. and N.E. of China, the coal-seams are very susceptible to spontaneous combustion, causing underground coal fires. As the thick coal seams are burned out, the overburden collapses, causing land subsidence, and producing new cracks and fissures, which allow more air to penetrate and continue the fire to spread. SAR interferometry, especially differential interferometry has been shown to be able to measure small differences in surface height caused by such land subsidence. This report describes the problems, the test area, the procedures and techniques used and the results obtained. It concludes with a description of some of the problems ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

To evaluate the role of chronic inflammation in the development of gallstones and biliary tract cancer, we examined the risk associated with 62 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundAcute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) is a major cause of hospitalization for children in China, while the etiological diagnosis of ALRI remains a challenge. This study...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Australia Brunei Darussalam Burma Cambodia China Fiji Hong Kong Indonesia Japan Korea, Republic of Korea, Dem Republic Laos Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Philippines...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Many governments around the world are focusing on emissions reduction through energy efficiency improvements, particularly on the demand side. Although Integrated Resource Planning (IRP), which considers both supply-side and demand-side options, had been a useful tool in the planning process for the power industry, its effectiveness has been challenged recently with the restructuring of the power sector that has occurred in China and elsewhere around the world. The paper proposes Integrated Resource Strategic Planning (IRSP) as an alternative to IRP in a deregulated power sector. IRSP takes the resource planning process one step further to the national level. In this paper, the authors demonstrate the tremendous potential for efficiency improvements on both the supply and demand sides of the power sector in China with IRSP. The results show that between 2009 and 2020, the potential for electricity savings will reach about 1228.5 TWh, and the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundDuring the past 2 decades, there has been a rapid proliferation of "health examination center (HEC)" across China. The effects of their services on public's health have...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... is known as "reproductive cloning." The Link to Stem Cell Research Stem cell research and research cloning are closely linked. Scientists in ... to arrive at a position on cloning and stem cell research. Many nations, including the UK, China, and South ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveThe study aimed to examine the effect of household and community characteristics on financial catastrophe and impoverishment due to health payment in Western and Central...Full Text Available

CERN Multimedia

Mao Zedong dreamed of splitting an electron; this was no idle diversion. According to natural dialectics, which formed the philosophical underpinnings of Marxism, the entire universe, from top to bottom, was seething with tension and change. (1 page)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The devastating earthquake in Sichuan, China on 12 May 2008 left thousands of survivors requiring medical care and intensive rehabilitation. In view of this great demand, the Chinese Speaking Orthopaedic...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

On 24th of July 2007 Westinghouse Electric Co. signed landmark contracts with China's State Nuclear Power Technology Corporation (SNPTC), to provide four AP1000 nuclear power plants in China. The AP1000 is a two-loop 1117 MWe Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). It is based on proven technology, but with an emphasis on safety features that rely on natural driving forces, such as pressurized gas, gravity flow, natural circulation flow and convection. Ansaldo Nucleare has provided a significant support to the passive plant technology development and, starting from 2000, is cooperating with Westinghouse to development of the AP1000 Plant. In the frame of the AP1000 Chinese agreement, Ansaldo Nucleare, in Joint Venture with Mangiarotti Nuclear, has signed a contract with Westinghouse for the design and the supply of innovative components to be installed in the first AP1000 unit to be constructed at the Sanmen site. The contract includes: the design of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three dimensional temperature field and helium flow field of TBM are simulated using the general purpose computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT. The temperature distribution of Be Armor, Be Pebble Bed, Li_4SiO_4 Pebble Bed, Structure Material of TBM, and helium flow field in the cooling pipe are presented. The research indicates that the work temperature of each material is under the material temperature allowed except some places where high temperature should be excluded in the design. The results will provide references for further optimized thermal hydraulic design of ITER China TBM. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Project management mode plays a key role in project construction, especially in nuclear power field. From the aspects of right, responsibility and benefit, this paper discussed the differences among the common used project management modes. Also the main kinds of the construction management modes used in China's nuclear power plants were summarized. At last, considering the experience of Ningde nuclear power plant, this paper put forward several perspectives about the selection of project management mode in nuclear power plant construction. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper, we calculated the radioactive concentration distribution of radioactive waste water, the temperature distribution of drained cooling water and the effect of implement from the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant on nearby waters range, discussed and analysed some problems of computational results and computation with Alternating Direction Implicit Method (ADI). The contents of the article included: the establishment of two-dimension tidal current equation, radioactive waste water pollutant dispersion equation and cooling water heat convection diffusion equation, the numerical difference calculation model of tidal current field, concentration field as well as temperature field, effect impingement with ADI method, numerical calculation results. The result of research showed that: when the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant is on normal operation and after the low level radioactive waste water and low temperature cooling water have been drained ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Guangdong Nuclear Power Joint Venture Company, Ltd. first 5-Year Business Plan (hereinafter referred to as 5-Year Business Plan) serves as guidance of both the operations and management of the company. Continuous performance improvement of the nuclear power station has been achieved through the fulfillment of goals and improvement plan defined by the 5-Year Business Plan, and through standard and systematic management. Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station (GNPS) has made great contributions to sustainable economic developments of both Guangdong and Hong Kong since its commercial operation in 1994. As of the end of 1999, the cumulative off-take electricity generated by GNPS had reached 69.9 billion kWh. Of the WANO indicators universally applied by nuclear power industry throughout the world, 6 indicators of Daya Bay performance entered the world top quartile while 9 the medium level

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

For many years, the Lower Cretaceous Sunniland oil-producing fields have been interpreted as reef deposits. Petrologic evidence from cores from field and wildcat wells strongly indicates on the basis of faunal composition and character, that the fields are producing from moundlike shoals. These shoals are considered to have been deposited in a mudflat environment similar to that of present-day Florida Bay. This present-day Florida Bay analog is used to determine the various environmental subzones and controls on the deposition of the Sunniland Formation. This concept of using a model together with a modern analog can be a powerful tool in the exploration of stratigraphic traps. A petrologic and petrophysical study of the Sunniland Formation in the wells that have been drilled in the Florida Bay and Keys areas was made to extend the model and its application throughout the South Florida basin. The evaluation of these wells ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daya Bay NPP has been operating safely and stably over 10 years since 1994, and its' seismic analysis of nuclear island was in accordance with the approaches in RCC-G standard for the model M310, in which the Simplified Impedance Matrix Method (SIMM) was employed for the consideration of SSI. Thanks to the rapid progress being made in upgrading the evaluation technology and the capability of data processing systems, methods and software tools for the SSI analysis have experienced significant development all over the world. Focused on the model of reactor building of the Daya Bay NPP, in his paper the more sophisticated 3D half-space continuum impedance method based on the Green functions is used to analyze the functions of the soil, and then the seismic responses of the coupled SSI system are calculated and compared with the corresponding design values. It demonstrates that the design method provides a set of conservatively safe results. The ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper introduces the radioactive effluent monitoring systems, measurement and quality control methods used in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station from its commercial operation in 1994. The main work and experiences for the management of effluent release are discussed and analyzed. The radwaste data appear declining trend and are far blow the annual limit approved by the national Environmental Protection Bureau since 1995. The normalized release (unit GBq/GWa) of 9 years is as follows: liquid nuclides (except tritium) 11.1, liquid tritium 1.91 x 10"4, noble gas 2.03 x 10"4, halogen 0.13, aerosol 7.57 x 10"-"3. For "1"1"0"mAg, the average release from 1998 to 2002 has been reduced to 1/7 of the quantity in 1997

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Collection, analysis and quantification of human factor data are important compositions of human reliability analysis (HRA) and probabilistic risk assessment (PRA). Various human factor databases have been set up, but there are comparatively little human factor data management systems which can be uses for collection, classification, analysis, calculation and predication of the human factor data. Therefore, the human factor data management system for Daya Bay NPP is developed, with the following three modules and four databases: original data module, computing module, introduced data module, and basic database, other data source of the plant, external database and introduced database. The foundational problems about human factor data and the systemic structure and function are described. The data structure in the database is also discussed, because it is of the most importance in the system

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Post-tensioned (PT) self-centering moment frames have been developed as an alternative to typical moment-resisting frames (MRFs) for earthquake resistance. When a PT frame deforms laterally, gaps between the beams and columns open. However, the gaps are constrained by the columns and the slab in a real PT self-centering building frame. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the column restraint and beam compression force based on the column deformation and gap openings at all stories. The method is verified by cyclic tests of a full-scale, two-bay by one-story PT frame. Moreover, a sliding slab is proposed to minimize restraints on the expansion of the PT frame. Shaking table tests were conducted on a reduced-scale, two-by-two bay one-story specimen, which comprises one PT frame ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant is put into commercial operation in 1994 Until 1996, there are 368 human error events in operating and maintenance area, occupying 39% of total events. These events occurred mainly in the processes of maintenance, test equipment isolation and system on-line, in particular in refuelling and maintenance. The author analyses root causes for human errorievents, which are mainly operator omission or error procedure deficiency; procedure not followed; lack of training; communication failures; work management inadequacy. The protective measures and treatment principle for human error events are also discussed, and several examples applying them are given. Finally, it is put forward that key to prevent human error event lies in the coordination and management, person in charge of work, and good work habits of staffs.

CERN Document Server

In this paper, we first discuss the detection of supernova neutrino on Earth. Then we propose a possible method to acquire information about $\\theta_{13}$ smaller than $1.5^\\circ$ by detecting the ratio of the event numbers of different flavor supernova neutrinos. Such an sensitivity cannot yet be achieved by the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment.

CERN Document Server

The study of flavor changing neutrinos is a very active field of research. I will discuss the status of ongoing and near term experiments investigating neutrino properties at short distances from the source. In the next few years, the Double Chooz, RENO and Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiments will start looking for signatures of a non-zero value of the mixing angle $\\theta_{13}$ with much improved sensitivities. The MiniBooNE experiment is investigating the LSND anomaly by looking at both the $\

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Fredericksberg of South Florida may have a great oil potential that has been overlooked as a primary target in past decades. Previous exploration in the area has targeted the Lower Cretaceous oil-producing Sunniland Formation lower in the stratigraphic section. The Fredericksberg Dollar Bay Formation has hydrocarbon shows in many wells occurring in limestone biohermal deposits as well as in an upper dolomitic section. The Dollar Bay Formation is part of the Big Cypress Group of the Comanchean Series of the Lower Cretaceous. The Lower Cretaceous lithology is composed of evaporitic-carbonate cycles consisting of anhydrites, dolomites, and limestones. There are also present some calcareous shales, mudstones, salt, lignitic material, and carbonaceous material, especially in the anhydrite and limestone intervals. The limestones are usually micritic, chalky, calcarenitic, sometimes argillaceous, containing skeletal particles of gastropods, ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The consistently observed inverse relationship of allergic conditions with glioma risk and our previous demonstration that IgE levels also were lower in glioma patients than controls suggest...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Richmond Harbor is on the eastern shoreline of central San Francisco Bay and its access channels and several of the shipping berths are no longer wide or deep enough to accommodate modem deeper-draft vessels. The Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (PL99-662) authorized the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), San Francisco District to deepen and widen the navigation channels in Richmond Harbor. Several options for disposal of the material from this dredging project are under consideration by USACE: disposal within San Francisco Bay, at open-ocean disposal sites, or at uplands disposal sites. Purpose of this study was to conduct comprehensive evaluations, including chemical, biological, and bioaccumulation testing of sediments in selected areas of Richmond Harbor. This information was required by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and USACE. Battelle/Marine Sciences Laboratory collected 20 core samples, both 4-in. and 12-in., to a ...

Science.gov (United States)

The German-Russian project that is part of the G8 initiative on Global Partnership Against the Spread of Weapons and Materials of Mass Destruction focuses on the speedy construction of a land-based interim storage facility for nuclear submarine reactor compartments at Sayda Bay near Murmansk. This project includes the required infrastructure facilities for long-term storage of about 150 reactor compartments for a period of about 70 years. The interim storage facility is a precondition for effective activities of decommissioning and dismantlement of almost all nuclear-powered submarines of the Russian Northern Fleet. The project also includes the establishment of a computer-assisted waste monitoring system. In addition, the project involves clearing Sayda Bay of other shipwrecks of the Russian navy. On the German side the project is carried out by the Energiewerke Nord GmbH (EWN) on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour (BMWi). ...

Science.gov (United States)

The authors map the route undertaken by the Project Management Office of the Gansu Basic Education Project (GBEP) in Gansu Province, China, in instituting measures to ensure good learning opportunities for children with special educational needs within the four poor counties benefiting from this DFID supported project. The main purpose of GBEP has been to increase enrolment and retention in these poor, minority areas so as to achieve universal basic education. As general enrolment increased so did that of pupils with special needs, the educational needs of which the schools began responding to in an unconscious way. However, at the start there was little understanding at the classroom and management levels of how to ensure access to learning as well as access to school. The authors map out the road to change and the methods undertaken to change practice at various management and classroom levels so as to enable schools to provide more adequately for these children. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Continually rising energy prices in global markets highlights a serious concern about the need to improve energy efficiency and the efficiency in the energy sector in many countries. China, as one of the fastest growing countries in the world and the largest coal producer, has high coal consumption but a low recovery rate of coal utilization. Coal efficiency and the efficiency in coal industry have therefore attracted a great deal of attention from Chinese policy makers, coal companies and academics. This study attempts to compare the relative technical efficiency performance of listed coal mining companies in China and the US using CCR and BCC models in advanced data envelopment analysis (DEA) linear programming. The results show that the level of relative efficiency in Chinese coal mining enterprises, regardless of total technical efficiency or decomposed pure technical and scale efficiency, is much lower than in American coal firms. The ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Sustainable development of geothermal resources is the key to prolong the commercial life of geothermal fields. This paper uses two well-known geothermal fields in China, with long histories of production, to demonstrate how sustainability can be quantitatively evaluated, and to highlight the essential differences between sustainable and non-sustainable development schemes. After examining the complex nature of sustainability evaluation, fuzzy synthetic evaluation is applied as a tool for the quantitative sustainability rating of geothermal reservoirs. The evaluation procedures include systemic criteria selection, weighing, individual criterion evaluation and finally final multi-criterion decision analysis evaluation. The sustainability of a limestone reservoir in the urban sector of Tianj...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Soil erodibility (the K factor in the Universal Soil Loss Equation, USLE) is an important index to measure soil susceptibility to water erosion, and an essential parameter needed for soil erosion prediction. To evaluate the appropriateness of the nomograph and other methods for estimating the K factor for the USLE and to develop a relationship for soil erodibility estimation for Chinese soils, a set of soil erodibility values was calculated using soil loss data from natural runoff plots at 13 sites in eastern China. The definition of soil erodibility in relation to the USLE was strictly followed. Comparing these measured values to those estimated using the nomograph method, the method adopted for the EPIC model and the formula of Shirazi and Boersma, we found that all these estimated soil ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A series of branched alkylbenzene ranging from C15 to C19 with several isomers (2?5) at each carbon number were identified in sediments from the Dongsheng sedimentary uranium ore deposits, Ordos Basin, China. The distribution patterns of the branched alkylbenzenes show significant differences in the sample extracts. The branched alkylbenzenes from organic-rich argillites and coals range from C15 to C19 homologues, in which the C17 or C18 dominated. On the other hand, the C19 branched alkylbenzenes dominated in the sandstone/siltstone extracts. The obvious differences of the branched alkylbenzene distributions between the uranium-host sandstones/siltstones and the interbedded barren organic-rich mudstones/coals probably indicate their potential use as biological markers associated with part...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Meiji (Mischief) coral atoll, in Nansha (Spratly) Islands, South China Sea, consists of an annular reef rim surrounding a central lagoon. On the atoll rim there are either protuberant ?motu? (small coral patch reefs on the rim of atoll) islets or lower sandy cays that contain modern microbialite deposits on the corals in pinnacles and surrounding bottoms of the atoll. Microbialites, including villiform, hairy, and thin spine growth forms, as well as gelatinous masses, mats and encrustation, developed on coral colonies and atoll rim sediments between 0 and 15 m deep-water settings. The microbialites were produced by natural populations of filamentous cyanobacteria and grew on (1) bulbous corals together with Acropora sp., (2) on massive colonies of Galaxea fascicularis, (3) on dead Montipor...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Traditional methane drainage methods, including conventional ventilation and boreholes drilled in the coal seam, are widely used in modern coal mining operation in China. However, it is often noted that the gas drainage presents low efficiency in most coal mines due to low permeability of the coal seam, which not only affects the safety, but also the productivity of the coal mine. This paper describes the development and application of the waterjet cutting system, which is used to create artificial fractures and increase the permeability of coal seam for the improvement of methane drainage in underground coal mines in China. According to underground monitoring, a significant improvement of methane drainage efficiency of up to 3 to 6 times over the traditional methods has been achieved. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Biodiesel from non-grain feedstock has been considered as one of the proper substitutes for fossil fuels associated with a series of activities emerging in China in order to meet the resource shortage and develop the energy crops. This paper presents an ecological accounting framework based on embodied energy, emergy, and CO2 emission for the whole production chain of biodiesel made from Jatropha curcas L. (JCL) oil. The energy and materials invested in and CO2 emission from the whole process, including cropping, transportation, extraction, and production, are accounted and calculated. Also, EmCO2, the ratio of real CO2 released to the emergy-based sustainability indicator per joule biodiesel, is proposed in this paper to present a new goal function for low-carbon system optimization. Fina...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The carbonate rocks of the Lower Ordovician Majiagou Formation represent important hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Ordos basin in the western part of the North China plate. Cores and thin sections from more than 60 wells were examined. The main reservoir in the Majiagou Formation consists of fine crystalline dolomite, which was altered by meteoric water during an extended subaerial exposure. Three phreatic zones have been identified in the Majiagou Formation in the northern part of the basin. Oxygen isotopes and fluid inclusion microthermometry data indicates that the porosity developed during the early karst event was considerably reduced by the late-stage, coarse crystalline calcite cements that appear to be related to hydrothermal fluids during deep burial. It was concluded that the main factors that determine the porosity and permeability of these carbonate reservoirs are dolomitization, karstification, and calcite cementation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study reported on the performance of a passive solar radiant floor heating system designed for standard energy-saving farmhouses in northeast China. Weather data in the region was analyzed in terms of solar radiation, temperature, humidity and light levels. The heating characteristics of the building materials such as windows, doors, walls and roofs were also analyzed along with the indoor thermal environment of the farmhouse. The heating load was then calculated along with the size of the thermal storage element and the area of the collector element. The passive solar radiant floor heating system was designed for heating during the winter and cooling in summer. According to the results, the heating characteristics of the system have the potential to improve farming villages environment and the use of renewable energy.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The Chinese banking sector has undergone noteworthy financial reforms, which significantly metamorphosed the banking system. This article seeks to examine the determinants of the profitability of the Chinese banking sector. The empirical analysis is confined to the four State Owned Commercial Banks (SOCBs) and the 12 Joint Stock Commercial Banks (JSCBs) during the postreform period of 2000-2007. The empirical findings of this study suggest that size, credit risk, and capitalization are positively related to the profitability of China banks, whereas liquidity, overhead costs, and network embeddedness have negative impacts. However, the impact of liquidity is not uniform across bank types. We find that the SOCBs with higher level of liquidity tend to be relatively more profitable, which coul...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract: The basement of the South China Sea (SCS) and adjacent areas can be divided into six divisions (regions) - Paleozoic Erathem graben-faulted basement division in Beibu Gulf, Paleozoic Erathem strike-slip pull-apart in Yinggehai waters, Paleozoic Erathem faulted-depression in eastern Hainan, Paleozoic Erathem rifted in northern Xisha (Paracel), Paleozoic Erathem strike-slip extending in southern Xisha, and Paleozoic-Mesozoic Erathem extending in Nansha Islands (Spratly) waters. The Pre-Cenozoic basement in the SCS and Yunkai continental area are coeval within the Tethyan tectonic domain in the Pre-Cenozoic Period. They are formed on the background of the Paleo-Tethyan tectonic domain, and are important components of the Eastern Tethyan multi-island-ocean system. Three branches of t...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper investigates the relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth in China based on the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, using Chinese provincial data over 1985?2005. Waste gas, waste water and solid wastes are used as environmental indicators and GDP is used as the economic indicator. It is found by panel cointegration test that there is a long-run cointegrating relationship between the per capita emission of three pollutants and the per capita GDP. According to comparisons with the dynamic OLS estimator and the Within OLS estimator, we find that panel cointegration estimation is preferable for all pollutants except for solid wastes. The results also show that all three pollutants are inverse U-shaped, and water pollution has been improved earlier than ga...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this study, a two-stage support-vector-regression optimization model (TSOM) is developed for the planning of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in the urban districts of Beijing, China. It represents a new effort to enhance the analysis accuracy in optimizing the MSW management system through coupling the support-vector-regression (SVR) model with an interval-parameter mixed integer linear programming (IMILP). The developed TSOM can not only predict the city's future waste generation amount, but also reflect dynamic, interactive, and uncertain characteristics of the MSW management system. Four kernel functions such as linear kernel, polynomial kernel, radial basis function, and multi-layer perception kernel are chosen based on three quantitative simulation performance criteria [i.e....

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

High concentrations of toxic chemicals in sediment and white croaker (Genyonemus lineatus), as well as liver diseases (e.g., carcinomas) in this species, were found in the Los Angeles area. The highest concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) in the sediment were in San Pedro Bay, and the highest concentrations of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) derivatives were in sediment from near the White Point sewer outfall. Concentrations of AHs, polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs), and DDT derivatives were generally higher in food organisms from the croaker's stomach than in sediment. Moreover, croaker from San Pedro Bay and White Point were substantially contaminated with DDT derivatives and metabolites of aromatic compounds, compared to croaker from the Hyperion outfall and Dana Point. The evidence suggest that the observed pathological conditions of the liver were associated with exposure of the croaker to toxic chemicals, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper introduces the solid radwaste management system, treatment methods and its continuous improvement during the past 9 years in Guangdong Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station (GNPS). GNPS has paid great attention and made a lot of efforts to implement the principle of waste minimization with source control, improvement of treatment process and strict management, so the output of solid radwastes has annually decreased since 1994. In 2002, the output of solid radwastes in GNPS was 63.5 m"3, only 50% of 1995 (127 m"3), reached the advanced level as the same type NPPs in France. During the period 1994-2002, the accumulated production of solid radwaste Packages in GNPS is 1563.51 m"3 only 18% of the design value; all the packages meet the standard and requirement for safe disposal. Besides, this paper analyzes some new technical processes and presents some proposals for further decreasing the solid radwaste production

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The hydromechanical effect of hydroelectric stations on zooplankton is customarily regarded as a constantly acting and comparatively harmless factor, since its destruction is inevitable when water masses are passed through hydroelectric stations, but its capacity for restoration is high (i.e., destruction of the zooplankton of the forebay is compensated by its production in the after bay). It is not known how correct such an opinion is, or what is the true balance of losses and reproduction of zooplankton in the forebays and after bays of hydroelectric stations. However, hydroelectric plants of a new type, pumped-storage plants, have been constructed in recent years and others are planned for the Dnieper reservoirs. The operational principle and purpose of these plants is that they employ special vertical turbine-electric pumps that pump water at night from the reservoirs into pumped-storage facilities at high levels, and then release this ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper begins with an introduction to Guangdong Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station (GNPS) and gives a simple introduction to the operations and maintenance documentation system at GNPS. It then will review the maintenance program guidelines base and the associated problems prior to the application of reliability centered maintenance (RCM). How RCM was implemented at GNPS, how the results of RCM analysis were used to optimize the maintenance program and test program, and what is the interface between RCM and the existing maintenance program will be shown. Next, it will show the successful implementation of RCM at GNPS resulted in the following changes: A new understanding of equipment failure challenges operations and maintenance beliefs, maintenance concepts undergo a large change, maintenance program and periodic testing program are continuously modified and optimized, new on-condition maintenance technologies are introduced, non-productive scheduled overhauls are ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This report documents a case history in which a cadaver and the associated burial objects were found well preserved after being buried for more than 2100 years in Southern China. The preservation is attributed to a layer of kaolin that surrounded the coffin and served as a barrier to water and air movement. The implications for the disposal of nuclear fuel waste are discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

MOX fuel has been one of the mature nuclear fuels which can be used in light water nuclear power plant now. The development status in this domain in foreign countries, the major influence of MOX fuel on reactor performance and the countermeasures are introduced in this paper. The application of MOX fuel in China's PWR is discussed in the end. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Food irradiation is the process of exposing food to an ionizing energy to kill harmful bacteria and other organisms and extend shelf-life. It is a safe process and has been approved by some 50 countries worldwide and applied commercially in the USA, Japan, China and several European countries for many years. Trends law regulations and new applications in Europe and another countries has been described. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Guarantee Outline presents the technical demands of design and contents of assessment for radiation hardening in satellite engineering in China. It includes the basis of design in space environment of polar orbit, the contents of design for general radiation hardening, the requirements and assessments of the single-board computer, the requirements of design for circuits (including hardware and software), the choices and assessments for devices, and the primary stipulations for the requirements of design and assessments against the phenomenon of charge and discharge.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Asian countries are expected to generate 45% of the world energy consumption and Japan is the absolutely greatest consumer in Asia, but China is the country that will be most important as a new consumer on the world energy markets. China, like India and later possibly even Japan try to change to natural gas as a source of energy as much as possible. This is causing a competition about the resources that can be reached by pipelines for gas, which in practice means those in Russia and Central Asia. Russia is trying to control the gas in Central Asia. The competition is also increasing about oil. China is becoming heavily dependent on Muslim countries in the Middle East and Central Asia. This also leads to an effort to increase the safety along the sea lanes, which may collide with the interests of other countries. Territorial conflicts with gas and oil as underlying elements exist in Asia. USA is a player on the energy ...

Wastenet

... To participate in the live conference call, please dial the following number five to ten minutes prior to the scheduled conference call time:... International callers should dial +1 (706) 643-0585. When prompted by the operator, mention conference pass code 89461112. ... To access the replay, please dial +1 (855) 859-2056, international callers dial +1 (404) 537-3406, ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 6.29;Temperate Pinus forest: 5.43;Temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest: 5.41;Boreal Larix deciduous forest: 4.63;Temperate evergreen sclerophyllous broad-leaved forest: 4.23Tropical deciduous broad-leav...

CERN Document Server

Precisely measuring $\\theta_{13}$ is one of the highest priority in neutrino oscillation study. Reactor experiments can cleanly determine $\\theta_{13}$. Past reactor neutrino experiments are reviewed and status of next precision $\\theta_{13}$ experiments are presented. Daya Bay is designed to measure $\\sin^22\\theta_{13}$ to better than 0.01 and Double Chooz and RENO are designed to measure it to 0.02-0.03. All are heading to full operation in 2010. Recent improvements in neutrino moment measurement are also briefed.

Science.gov (United States)

Results are reported from initial characterization tests on the environmental effects of the natural draft cooling tower of the Chalk Point Unit 3 oil-fired power plant located on the shore of Chesapeake Bay. Data are included on updraft air velocity, plume drift, and sea salt deposition in relation to meteorological conditions.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Based on the practical condition of the plant and in reference to advanced management experiences worldwide, Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant has established its own peculiar management system for radiation protection management and ALARA implementation. The characteristics of the system are: radiation protection training to all workers, active involvement of all managers and staffs, and whole process safety control to maintenance activities. The management philosophy of 'workers are responsible for their own radiation safety' is adopted in the plant. A strict, formalized and systematic whole staff radiation protection training, evaluation, authorization and periodically refreshing mechanism had been established and executed in the plant. In the organizational point of view, the responsibilities of line managers were specified in plant procedures, ALARA coordination organization on plant level and for specific activities were established. Meanwhile, the plant ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Restructuring was carried out on a sedimentary basin structure model of the Osaka plain including Osaka Bay by using newly obtained underground structural data. After the Hygoken-nanbu Earthquake of 1995, a large number of underground structure investigations have been performed in Osaka Bay and urban areas of Kobe and Osaka. However, very few surveys have been done in areas peripheral to Osaka Prefecture, such as the Ikoma area. Therefore, an attempt has been made to increase the number of measuring points to acquire underground structural data of these areas. Estimation of basic rock depths has utilized the dominant cycles in H/V spectra obtained from micro vibration survey, and good correlation of the base rock depths derived by a refraction exploration and a deep-bed boring investigation. With regard to bed division and P- and S- wave velocities in sedimentary beds in the Osaka sedimentary basin, an underground structure model was prepared, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

One mitigation goal of the Hungry Horse Dam fisheries mitigation program, funded by the Bonneville Power Administration, is to replace lost production of 100,000 adult kokanee in Flathead Lake. The mitigation program calls for a five-year test to determine if kokanee can be reestablished in Flathead Lake. The test consists. of annual stocking of one million hatchery-raised yearling kokanee. There are three benchmarks for judging the success of the kokanee reintroduction effort: (1) Post-stocking survival of 30 percent of planted kokanee one year after stocking; (2) Yearling to adult survival of 10 percent (100,000 adult salmon); (3) Annual kokanee harvest of 50,000 or more fish per year by 1998, with an average length of 11 inches or longer for harvested fish, and fishing pressure of 100,000 angler hours or more. Kokanee were the primary sport fish species in the Flathead Lake fishery in the early 1900s, and up until the late 1980s when the population rapidly declined in numbers and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The thesis describes work undertaken as part of a larger remote sensing based project which aims to detect, measure and monitor coal fires in two test areas in northern China. The first main topic addressed in this thesis is the detection of fires using several different thermal remote sensing data sets. The synergistic use of the different data sets is emphasised. The second major part of the thesis deals with thermal modelling of the coal fires. Three different models are developed, which allow a fire's depth, temperature, extent, total heat output and rate of movement to be determined. The models are tested both in the laboratory and using various field data sets. A model based on the assumption that the fire is a point heat source and that the temperature distribution around it is spherically symmetrical is shown to be the most effective. A simpler, one-dimensional coal fire model and a model based on the finite element method are also applied but ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A new lactone, 1,8-dihydroxy-10-methoxy-3-methyldibenzo[b,e]oxepine-6,11-dione (1), and two new xanthones, 1-hydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methoxy-3-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one (2) and 1-hydroxy-8-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methoxy-6-methyl-9H-xanthen-9-one (3), were isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus Phoma sp. SK3RW1M collected from the South China Sea. This is the first report on xanthone derivatives isolated as secondary metabolites from Phoma species. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques, and the structure of compound 2 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Cytotoxicity assays showed that compounds 1-3 were inactive against KB and KBv200 cells.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We used a radiation-transfer equation estimate of July surface temperatures (Ts) in China's Yongding River basin based on thermal infrared Landsat TM images from 1987 and 2005 and Landsat ETM+ images from 2000. Based upon the Ts-NDVI relationship space, we analyzed the scatterplot of Ts versus NDVI to calculate a temperature-vegetation dryness index (TVDI). We used a linear regression model between soil moisture and TVDI to estimate soil moisture to depths of 10 and 20cm. We produced a land use and cover type map by classification of the Landsat images, and used the map to study the influence of land use and cover type changes on soil moisture. Some areas of farmland in 1987 had been converted into grassland by 2000, and soil moisture mainly increased, with increases ranging from 20 to 60%...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The terrestrial biosphere can significantly affect the exchange of water and energy at the biosphere-atmosphere interface. Additionally, the land cover type can affect regional atmospheric chemistry and climate via biogenic volatile organic carbon (VOC) emissions and their formation of secondary organic aerosols. The broad goal of this study is to investigate the impact of land cover and vegetation changes on these specific chemistry and climate effects. The Common Land Model (CLM) is used to parameterize the biosphere-atmosphere interface over the Shanghai region in China. Phase 1 of this study, described in this report, generates input parameters for this model based on a time series of actual and derived parameters. Atmospheric forcing data are generated on an hourly temporal resolution based on a 20-year series of monthly and daily averages. Surface data, including land cover/land use and soil information, are generated for two scenarios: (a) the current land ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Nitrate leaching and the resulting groundwater contamination from intensive cereal production has become a major concern for long-term farmland efficiency and environmental sustainability in northern China. The aim of this study was to evaluate a water-saving super-absorbent polymer (SAP) for minimising NO3- leaching from soil and optimising corn growth and yield. Thirty-six undisturbed soil lysimeters were installed in a field lysimeter facility in drought-affected northern China to study the growth and yield characteristics of summer corn (Zea mays L.) as well as the amount of NO3-leaching losses under different fertiliser (standard, medium or 75% and low, or 50% of conventional fertilisation rate) and SAP (control, 0; level-1, 15 kg ha-1 and level-2, 30 kg ha-1) tre...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An optical klystron is built in the 800 MeV electron storage ring at University of Science and Technology of China for harmonic super-radiation generation. In single bunch operation mode the repetition rate of the spontaneous radiation pulses is about 4.533 MHz, and the repetition rate of the seed laser pulses is about 3 Hz, while the radiation pulse duration is 300 ps. For measuring harmonic radiation a high on/off ratio ICCD is used as an optical switch to reject spontaneous radiation pulses of high repetition rate

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper gives a general description of functions, usages and system configurations of the instruments and their major units or components of the radiation monitoring system, as well as the status and technical gap between domestic and foreign technologies. And then the paper also puts forward an idea on product R and D, i.e. combination of independent R and D and innovation, assimilation and re-innovation of foreign advanced technology at present situation in order to keep pace with the rapid development of nuclear power in China and achieve the goal of localization of nuclear power equipment. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The #pi#g_9_/_2 band structure in "1"2"1Cs is obtained. The experiment was performed at the HI-13 MV tandem accelerator of China Institute of Atomic Energy. The excited states of "1"2"1Cs were populated via the reaction "1"1"2Sn("1"2C, p2n). The #gamma#-#gamma# coincidence data were taken with five BGO-AC HpGe detectors at beam energy of 60 Mev. The energy-level schemes of "1"2"1Cs is presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Various particle-photon or beam-wave interactions are discussed. To be of use as intense radiation sources, it is necessary that these interactions produce coherent radiation. The free electron laser (FEL), developed on the basis of undulator radiation, is the result of many years of interaction between physics and technology. It has many features, such as continuous tunability over a wide wavelength range, excellent optical quality, high power and short pulse capability, and thus has many potential applications. FEL development in China and abroad are mentioned and the Beijing FEL presented to illustrate the physics and technology involved in an FEL project.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A lot of effort has been made to spread the application of RTOS in embedded system development in China. RTOS, #mu#C/OS and #mu#C/OS-II, with its opened source code, is well known in embedded systems. Learning RTOS, Using RTOS, becomes more and more popular. The Book of 'Micro C/OS-II The Real-Time Kennel Second Edition' was published in 2002. Here some new progress of the RTOS, especially the safety certifications, the reliability of software is introduced. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ordos basin lies in the north-central China, in a compression tectonic regime, with an area of approximately 250,000 km{sup 2}, including several pay zones ranging from Cambrian to Jurassic. It is one of the earliest-formed marine to continental-superimposed basin in China, characterized by Proterozoic basin-marginal rifling and Lower-Paleozoic carbonate platform development followed by western thrusting and foreland depression during Mesozoic. It underwent several tectonic movements and is covered by several structural layers, with many play types developed, primarily thrust and anticlinal plays in the west, and differential compaction (river-channel sand lens) or drape as well as buried hill plays in the basin center and east. Ordos basin is a prolific gas basin with an estimated resource potential of gas 656,091 billion m{sup 3} in the Paleozoic strata and oil 2.0474 billion tons in the Mesozoic strata. In 1986, in the western part of the ...

Science.gov (United States)

Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) have been recognised as one of the serious sources of pollution to the water environment during rain events, although field surveys to investigate the effect of their magnitude and duration on receiving waters have been very limited. The fates of enteric viruses (norovirus G1, G2, enteroviruses) and coliforms were determined in the wastewater treatment plant on a fine day and on a rainy day. Not all microorganisms were reduced in the primary treatment, but were reduced in the secondary treatment. Occurrences of enteric viruses and levels of coliforms were surveyed in the receiving coastal area after a CSO event, with the profiles of the enteric viruses in the coastal seawater being almost at the same positive ratio for 4 d after the CSO event. PMID:15318519

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The author investigates whether the international law regime so far has developed any legal principles dealing with the problem of the dumping of radioactive waste in the sub-seabed, and whether any of such provisions available adequately tackle the problem in the light of the gravity of danger emanating from radioactive waste. The study covers over 30 different texts of international treaties and protocols. Points of main interest are the London Dumping Convention and the Montego Bay Convention on the Law of the Sea. The author concludes that the disposal of radioactive waste into the seabed belongs to the permissible, although not specially allowed activities within the framework of the freedom of the high seas, and therefore urgently calls for establishing an international regulatory system pertaining to the planning and accomplishment of such activities. An outline legal concept of a regulatory system is explained. (orig./HSCH).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Fitness, (biometric measurements, reproduction) and behaviour that are ecologically relevant biomarkers in assessing the quality of estuarine sediments were studied by comparing the responses of the polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor - a key species in estuaries - along a pollution gradient. Intersite differences were shown for all the measured parameters: size-weight relationships, energy reserves as glycogen and lipids, sexual maturation patterns, total number of oocytes per female, total and relative fecundity, burrowing behaviour. The physiological and behavioural status of N. diversicolor was consistently disturbed in the larger, most contaminated estuaries (Loire and Seine, Fr.) compared to reference sites (Bay of Bourgneuf, Goyen estuary, Fr.). Many classes of potentially toxic che...

CERN Document Server

Typically, point forecasting methods are compared and assessed by means of an error measure or scoring function, such as the absolute error or the squared error. The individual scores are then averaged over forecast cases, to result in a summary measure of the predictive performance, such as the mean absolute error or the (root) mean squared error. I demonstrate that this common practice can lead to grossly misguided inferences, unless the scoring function and the forecasting task are carefully matched. Effective point forecasting requires that the scoring function be specified ex ante, or that the forecaster receives a directive in the form of a statistical functional, such as the mean or a quantile of the predictive distribution. If the scoring function is specified ex ante, the forecaster can issue the optimal point forecast, namely, the Bayes rule. If the forecaster receives a directive in the form of a functional, it is critical that the scoring function be ...

Science.gov (United States)

In a nutshell, the existing Internet provides to us content in the forms of videos, emails and information served up in web pages. With Cloud Computing, the next generation of Internet will allow us to "buy" IT services from a web portal, drastic expanding the types of merchandise available beyond those on e-commerce sites such as eBay and Taobao. We would be able to rent from a virtual storefront the basic necessities to build a virtual data center: such as CPU, memory, storage, and add on top of that the middleware necessary: web application servers, databases, enterprise server bus, etc. as the platform(s) to support the applications we would like to either rent from an Independent Software Vendor (ISV) or develop ourselves. Together this is what we call as "IT as a Service," or ITaaS, bundled to us the end users as a virtual data center.

CERN Document Server

We present in this article a detailed quantitative discussion of the measurement of the leptonic mixing angle theta_13 through currently scheduled reactor neutrino oscillation experiments. We thus focus on Double Chooz (Phase I & II), Daya Bay (Phase I & II) and RENO experiments. We perform a unified analysis, including systematics, backgrounds and accurate experimental setup in each case. Each identified systematic error and background impact has been assessed on experimental setups following published data when available and extrapolating from Double Chooz acquired knowledge otherwise. After reviewing the experiments, we present a new analysis of their sensitivities to sin^2(2 theta_13) and study the impact of the different systematics based on the pulls approach. Through this generic statistical analysis we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of each experimental setup.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Total mercury (THg), methylmercury (MeHg) and 22 other trace elements were measured in ice algae, three species of zooplankton, mixed zooplankton samples, Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida), ringed seals (Phoca hispida) and eight species of seabirds to examine the trophodynamics of these metals in an Arctic marine food web. All samples were collected in 1998 in the Northwater Polynya (NOW) located between Ellesmere Island and Greenland in Baffin Bay. THg and MeHg were found to biomagnify through the NOW food web, based on significant positive relationships between log THg and log MeHg concentrations vs. {delta} {sup 15}N muscle and liver . The slope of these relationships for muscle THg and MeHg concentrations (slope = 0.197 and 0.223, respectively) were similar to those reported for other aquatic food webs. The food web behavior of THg and {delta} {sup 15}N appears constant, regardless of trophic state (eutrophic vs. oligotrophic), latitude (Arctic vs. tropical) or ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three algal bioassay experiments were conducted from March 1992 through September 1993 in an area of Lake Mead that has experienced problems associated with severe nutrient enrichment. The first experiment determined the effects of elevated CO2 (700 ppm) (2xCO2), vs ambient CO2 on the natural algal assemblage without nutrient enrichment. The second experiment determined the effects of 2xCO2 on nutrient enriched bioassays and if nutrients were limiting. The third experiment examined elevated temperatures and 2xCO2. Nested climate models were used to predict changes in water temperatures and thermocline development in Las Vegas Bay. The lake model predicted an increase in mean water temperatures of 1.8 deg under a 2xCO2 scenario. A thermocline definition of 1 deg. C change per 2-m depth was applied to water temperatures developed by a lake model coupled to nested general circulation and regional-scale atmospheric models in 3-year simulations of the current and ...

Science.gov (United States)

Russian field surgery with its long history and distinctive characteristics has accumulated great experience in the long-time practice of warfare. Chinese field surgery was established and developed on the basis of studying from the Russian model, which opened up new areas of traffic medicine, molecular traumatology and assessment of biological effects on weapon destruction and carried out in-depth research on wound ballistics, blast injury, burns and combined injury etc. through decades of construction with continuous development and innovation, and a series of major achievements have been made in these fields. By making comparative study on the historical evolution, structure system, characteristics of campaigns and development of society between Chinese and Russian field surgery, it can be found that there are great gaps between them and we should strengthen the research for more rapid development. PMID:20510098

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The concepts of ''fast'' and ''slow'' time scale valence measurements are emphasized by a comparison of L/sub III/ absorption and Mossbauer effect measurements on the temperature induced valence change in EuPd/sub 2/Si/sub 2/. Further the authors show how synchrotron radiation based L/sub III/ measurements of the Ce-valence state can be used to demonstrate electronic structure trends under wide changes in chemical environment. The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction to researchers in the People's Republic of China to the field of mixed valent rate earth compounds. They hope to illustrate some of the basic concepts in this field, how the field is contributing to the overall insight into the chemical physics of solids and finally how synchrotron radiation measurements in particular are playing a key role in this field.

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? Introduction Old-growth forests on Changbai Mountain are economically and ecologically important but have been fragmented outside Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve. The trend of forest landscape degradation on Changbai Mountain threatens forest sustainability and biodiversity conservation in the region. Previous studies have focused mainly on the structure and function of protected forests but have ignored managed forests outside the reserve border. ? Objectives In this paper, deforestation processes are studied for two forestry enterprises, namely Baihe and Lushuihe Forestry Bureaus, with different socioeconomic structure due to their differences in proximity to Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve, which attracts hundreds of thousands of tourists each year. Baihe?s income comes from b...

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The design of a global steady-state thermal model of a 100kWt molten salt cavity receiver was developed as part of the key project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of People's Republic of China (MOST). In the design process, the following factors were analyzed: receiver area, heat loss (convective, emissive, reflective and conductive), number of tubes in the receiver panel, tube diameter and receiver surface temperature. The model was also used to calculate the receiver performance of the Sandia National Laboratories' molten salt electric experiment (MSEE). In addition, the thermal performance of the designed molten salt cavity receiver is presented for a fixed outlet flow rate and a fixed output temperature.

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In allusion to the explosion of a urea reactor took place in a fertilizer plant at Pingyin, Shandong, China, a series of evidence collection and inspection jobs which includes collecting operation condition and parameters, sampling the explosion fracture, reactor body apart from explosion fracture, and leak detection medium and its hangover, etc., had been carried out firstly. Based on these jobs, farther analysis and computation work has been done to the structural and materials characteristics and the operation condition of the urea reactor, including compositions, metallographic phases, tensile properties, impact energy, strain ageing characteristics, and fracture toughness of the urea reactor steels, the compositions of leak detection medium and its hangover in the urea reactor, and ex...

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Some of the most important problems facing the United States and China, indeed facing our entire planet, require approaches that are fundamentally multidisciplinary in nature. Many of those require skills in computer science (CS), basic understanding of another discipline, and the ability to apply the skills in one discipline to the problems of another. Modern training in computer science needs to prepare students to work in other disciplines or to work on multidisciplinary problems. What do we do to prepare them for a multidisciplinary world when there are already too many things we want to teach them about computer science? This paper describes successful examples of multidisciplinary education at the interface between CS and the biological sciences, as well as other examples involving C...