Science.gov (United States)

Mechanisms, AGARD Conference Proceedings No. 131, 1974, Paper No. 11. ... Olsen, W. and Karchmer, A., Lip Noise Generated by Flow Separation From Nozzle ...

Science.gov (United States)

NASA 1996 STTR Phase I. Proposal Number: 960022. Project Title: ADVANCED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE USING JET FUELS FOR LIGHT AIRCRAFT ...

Science.gov (United States)

To reduce fuel fouling in current U.S Navy and Air Force aircraft systems and to provide additional heat sink and thermal stability for future systems, the Air Force is developing an improved JP-8 jet fuel (JP-8 + 100). Two companies (Betz and Mobil) have...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report beings with a historical overview on the origin and early beginnings of Radiant Energy Power Source for Jet Aircraft. The report reviews the work done in Phase I (Grant DE-FG01-82CE-15144) and then gives a discussion of Phase II (Grant DE-FG01-86CE-15301). Included is a reasonably detailed discussion of photovoltaic cells and the research and development needed in this area. The report closes with a historical perspective and summary related to situations historically encountered on projects of this nature. 15 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) identified 17 accidents that may have resulted from fuel tank explosions on commercial aircraft from 1959 to 2001. Seven events involved JP 4 or JP 4/Jet A mixtures that are no longer used for commercial aircraft fuel. The remaining 10 events involved Jet A or Jet A1 fuels that are in current use by the commercial aircraft industry. Four fuel tank explosions occurred in center wing tanks (CWTs) where on-board appliances can potentially transfer heat to the tank. These tanks are designated as ''Heated Center Wing Tanks'' (HCWT). Since 1996, the FAA has significantly increased the rate at which it has mandated airworthiness directives (ADs) directed at elimination of ignition sources. This effort includes the adoption, in 2001, of Special Federal Aviation Regulation 88 of 14 CFR part 21 ...

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Aerodynamic Disk-Shaped Aircraft with Vertical Takeoff and Landing

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A Digital X-ray imaging system using Compton backscattering has been developed to obtain a cross-sectional profile and mass loss of corroded lap-splices of aging aircraft from density variation. A slit-type camera was designed to focus on a small scattering volume inside the material, from which the backscattered photons are collected by a collimated scintillator detector for interpretation of material characteristics. The cross section of the lap-joint is scanned by moving the scattering volume through the thickness direction of the specimen. The mass loss of each layer has been estimated from a Compton backscatter A-scan to obtain the thickness of each layer including the aluminum sheet, the corrosion layer and the sealant. Quantitative information such as location and width of planar corrosion in the lap splices of fuselages is obtained by deconvolution using a nonlinear least-square error minimization method(BFGS method): A simple reconstruction model is also ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The ultra-high pressure waterjet technology was being evaluated at Florida International University (FIU) as a baseline technology. In conjunction with FIU's evaluation of efficiency and cost, this report covers the evaluation conducted for safety and health issues. It is a commercially available technology and has been used for various projects at locations throughout the country. The ultra-high pressure waterjet technology acts as a cutting tool for the removal of surface substrates. The Husky trademark pump feeds water to a lance that directs the high pressure water at the surface to be removed. The safety and health evaluation during the testing demonstration focused on two main areas of exposure. These were dust and noise. The dust exposure was found to be minimal, which would be expected due to the wet environment inherent in the technology, but noise exposure was at a significant level. Further testing for noise is ...

Science.gov (United States)

The work reported in this paper addresses the problem of structure-borne sound transmission between vibrating sources and ribbed-plate receiver structures. Vibrating sources, such as pumps, motors, fans, etc., transmit vibro-acoustic power, causing noise complaints by occupants in cars, trains, aircraft, buildings and/or material fatigue and damage. The transmission process is complicated in that sources transmit power through several contacts and by up to six components of excitation at each contact. The structure-borne sound power is a function of source activity, source mobility and receiver mobility, and all three quantities must be known to some degree. For non-homogeneous receiver structures, such as thin-plate cavity constructions or lightweight framed constructions, the sheathing plates are typically fastened to the framing members using bolts, screws or spot-welded joints. Hence the resulting system is a point-connected ribbed plate ...

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Research of Cumulative Jets Interaction with Spent Nuclear Fuel

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

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Science.gov (United States)

No Abstract Available

Science.gov (United States)

tions, final noise-power spectral density measurements were made. These measurements of the noise-power spectral density were not the desired phase- noise ...

Science.gov (United States)

... values and unless special precautions and equipment are used, it would be very difficult to service and maintain operational jet-fuel systems with ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... edge localized modes h-mode plasma confinement jet tokamak l-mode plasma

Science.gov (United States)

... AFSOC could look at several aircraft as candidates, including the C-27J, C-130J, and KC-767. ... C-130 aircraft (except C-130J) are normally limited ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Performance and operating characteristics are presented for a solar powered aircraft intended to remain aloft for long periods. The critical technologies which limit the performance are identified. By using the techniques presented, the effects of variation in the system parameters are studied. Practical design consideration are discussed.

Science.gov (United States)

Oct 13, 2000 ... The Air Force plans to use the Medevac Oxygen System on existing C-141 aircraft and future C-130J and C-130X aircraft equipped with a LOX ...

Science.gov (United States)

processes, we construct a stochastic dynamic model for air- craft counts in ... Also , queueing models for the arrival of aircraft at ... A queueing model has also been used to study ...... Assignment and Aircraft-Sequencing Algorithms in Terminal ...

Science.gov (United States)

Tests of Tail Buffet on the CF-18 Aircraft, AGARD Specialists' Meeting on Aircraft Loads due to. Flow Separation, Sorrento, Italy, Apr. 16, 1990. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... small water or ice particles by impaction ... flight recording; principally the hydrometeor charge unit ... capability of directing aircraft movements by radio ...

Science.gov (United States)

... The program generates conceptual layouts of wing structural components and creates a beam finite element model of the wing structure (Figure 6 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beryllium has been in use in aircraft brakes for ten years. During the original design phases of the several aircraft programs using beryllium a number of problems requiring solution confronted the designers. In actual service the solution to these problems performed much better than had been anticipated. A summary is presented. (author).

Science.gov (United States)

Light composite sandwich panels are increasingly used in automobiles, ships and aircraft, because of the advantages they offer of high strength-to-weight ratios. However, the acoustical properties of these light and stiff structures can be less desirable than those of equivalent metal panels. These undesirable properties can lead to high interior noise levels. A number of researchers have studied the acoustical properties of honeycomb and foam sandwich panels. Not much work, however, has been carried out on foam-filled honeycomb sandwich panels. In this dissertation, governing equations for the forced vibration of asymmetric sandwich panels are developed. An analytical expression for modal densities of symmetric sandwich panels is derived from a sixth-order governing equation. A boundary element analysis model for the sound transmission loss of symmetric sandwich panels is proposed. Measurements of the modal density, total loss factor, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A solar thermal powered aircraft powered by heat energy from the sun. A heat engine, such as a Stirling engine, is carried by the aircraft body for producing power for a propulsion mechanism, such as a propeller. The heat engine has a thermal battery in thermal contact with it so that heat is supplied from the thermal battery. A solar concentrator, such as reflective parabolic trough, is movably connected to an optically transparent section of the aircraft body for receiving and concentrating solar energy from within the aircraft. Concentrated solar energy is collected by a heat collection and transport conduit, and heat transported to the thermal battery. A solar tracker includes a heliostat for determining optimal alignment with the sun, and a drive motor actuating the solar concentrator into optimal alignment with the sun based on a determination by the heliostat.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The article describes the solar aircraft `Icare`` which was constucted in a joint project by engineers and scientists of Stuttgart university. The aircraft requires slightly more than one kW for staying up. The theoretical fundamentals are presented in the dissertation of Peer Frank, ``Aircraft design for minimum fuel consumption` (Institute of Aircraft Engineering, Stuttgart, 1992). (orig.) [Deutsch] Allein mit Sonnenkraft kann das Flugzeug `Icare` fliegen. Es entstand in Gemeinschaftsarbeit von Ingenieuren und Wissenschaftlern der Stuttgarter Universitaet. Das Solarflugzeug Icare benoetigt etwas ueber ein Kilowatt, um oben zu bleiben. In seiner Doktorarbeit `Die Auslegung von Flugzeugen mit geringstem Antriebsleistungsbedarf` (Institut fuer Flugzeugbau, Stuttgart, 1992) hat der Duesseldorfer Peer Frank die theoretischen Grundlagen dazu behandelt. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This bibliography includes over 600 references (with abstracts) on all aspects of waterjet cutting and cleaning. The references are listed under the following chapter headings: fluid mechanics of jets; jet impact; equipment; jet cleaning; jet cutting; civil engineering; mining and tunnelling; precision cutting; underwater; safety; and bibliographies. Separate author and corporate source indexes are provided.

Science.gov (United States)

An experimental investigation of heat transfer characteristics for various configurations of air jets impinging on the leading edge inner surface of a gas turbine blade wall is presented. Three configurations were investigated, namely a slot jet, a round ...

CERN Document Server

Preliminary experiments have been performed to investigate the effects of radiative cooling on plasma jets. Thin (3 um - 5 um) conical shells were irradiated with an intense laser, driving jets with velocities > 100 km/s. Through use of different target materials - aluminium, copper and gold - the degree of radiative losses was altered, and their importance for jet collimation investigated. A number of temporally resoved optical diagnostics was used, providing information about the jet evolution. Gold jets were seen to be narrower than those from copper targets, while aluminium targets produced the least collimated flows.

Science.gov (United States)

... Descriptors : *JET ENGINE FUELS, *AQUATIC ORGANISMS, *AVIATION FUELS, *TOXICITY, HEALTH, SMOKE SCREENS, WIND, WATER ...

Science.gov (United States)

fuel obligation under the RFS2 program for the production or importation of conventional jet fuel, RINs can be generated for renewable jet fuel. Is that right? A: As described in...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The two-dimensional Eulerian hydrodynamic code 2DE, with the shock initiation of heterogeneous explosive burn model called Forest Fire, is used to model numerically the interaction of jets of steel, copper, tantalum, aluminum, and water with steel, water, and explosive targets. The calculated and experimental critical condition for propagating detonation may be described by the Held V/sup 2/d expression (jet velocity squared times the jet diameter). In PBX 9502, jets initiate an overdriven detonation smaller than the critical diameter, which either fails or enlarges to greater than the critical diameter while the overdriven detonation decays to the C-J state. In PBX 9404, the jet initiates a detonation that propagates only if it is maintained by the jet for an interval sufficient to establish a stable curved detonation front. The calculated penetration ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Noise pollution from human traffic networks and industrial activity impacts vast areas of our planet. While anthropogenic noise effects on animal communication are well documented, we have very limited...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVES—To investigate the relation between different types of exposure to noise and a classic sign of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL), the audiometric notch.
METHODS—The...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Titanium metal-matrix composites (MMC) are prime candidate materials for aerospace applications be-cause of their excellent high-temperature longitudinal strength and stiffness and low density compared with nickel- and steel-base materials. This article examines the steps GE Aircraft Engines (GEAE) has taken to develop an induction plasma deposition (IPD) processing method for the fabrication of Ti6242/SiC MMC material. Information regarding process methodology, microstructures, and mechani-cal properties of consolidated MMC structures will be presented. The work presented was funded under the GE-Aircraft Engine IR & D program.

Science.gov (United States)

... Characterizing the Relative Contributions of Large Vessels to Total Ocean Noise Fields: A Case Study Using the Gerry E. ... ...

Science.gov (United States)

test bed (ADTT) tools technology. Glenn. Research. Center: Aircraft icing training video for regional and cor- porate pilots. Numerical propulsion ...

Science.gov (United States)

Reporters are invited to a tour and ceremony for the Lockheed Martin C-130J, the military's next generation of front-line cargo aircraft and troop carrier, ...

Science.gov (United States)

... The third series used a correlated parameter covariance matrix derived from a generic database of modeling uncertainty for space structures [5-1 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are being proposed for many applications including surveillance, mapping and atmospheric studies. These applications require a lightweight, low speed, medium to long duration airplane. Due to the weight, speed, and altitude constraints imposed on such aircraft, solar array generated electric power is a viable alternative to air-breathing engines. Development of such aircraft is currently being funded under the Environmental Research Aircraft and Sensor Technology (ERAST) program. NASA Lewis Research Center (LeRC) is currently building a Solar Electric Airplane to demonstrate UAV technology. This aircraft utilizes high efficiency Applied Solar Energy Corporation (ASEC) GaAs/Ge space solar cells. The cells have been provided by the Air Force through the ManTech Office. Expected completion of the plane is early 1995, with the airplane currently undergoing flight testing using ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Competition ... 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Competition and Innovation in the US Fixed-Wing Military Aircraft Industry 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. ...

Science.gov (United States)

to, an altitude of 5000 ft (1500 m) AGL and f4.ies tight circles. If link has ...... The learning-curve effect reflects the observable ...

Science.gov (United States)

... reliability of fiber optics in preference over space-based systems. ... STC web site at www.aiaa.org/tc ... and improve lethalities of US weapon systems 3 ...

Science.gov (United States)

Includes airports, hangars and runways; aircraft repair and overhaul ...... F 100-PW-220 and. Flt0-GE.t00 engines: A case study ol risk assessment ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

As a part of a phenomenological model, a method for simulating the wall/jet interaction in a direct injection diesel engine is proposed. The method is based on the application of the momentum conservation equation in the different directions in which the wall jet is spread, and takes into account both the interaction with the combustion chamber geometry and with swirl. It takes as initial conditions the results of calculating the free jet, which is divided into packages. The predictions provide good agreement with those by other researchers. (author).

Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

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Science.gov (United States)

No Abstract Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Discusses the Methodological Directions for Expected Noise Calculation and Noise Reduction Design in Coal Preparation Plants developed at the Institute of Solid Fuel Preparation. Calculation of expected sound pressure levels is described. An exemplary chart of noise levels in the coal feed section of the coal preparation plant at the Taldinskii surface mine is presented. Procedures for planning noise pollution abatement measures and checking the expected noise levels are considered and explained on the example of the project of the coal crushing section in the Taldinskii plant (Kemerovugol' association) designed by Sibgiproshakht. A SMD-117 jaw crusher, 300 mm screen and a conveyor are to work in a space of 45,820 m{sup 3} with 30 m ceiling height. The expected noise level calculated for the working place of the crusher operator is 93-95 dBA without ...

Science.gov (United States)

The goal of this research program has been to add to our understanding of the breakup of molten fuel jets penetrating reactor coolant. Easily handled working fluids are used to simulate fuel jet breakup, so that detailed observations may be obtained from a relatively large number of experiments. The tools used for observing this behavior are high speed notion picture photography, Flash X-radiography, and X-ray cine. Jet breakup lengths are determined from motion pictures; the mechanisms by which the jets are fragmented may be inferred from radiographs.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In December 1980, Guenther Rochelt from Munich (FRG) managed the first flight in a solar aircraft. Energy was supplied by 2,500 solar cells with a rated power of 2.2 kW. Self-starting and flying were made possible by a special aircraft construction with an electromotor with a gross power of 1.8 and a rated voltage of 88 V.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to clarify a mechanism of melt-jet breakup and fragmentation entirely different from the mechanism of stripping, a series of experiments were carried out by using molten tin jets of 100 grams with initial temperatures from 250degC to 900degC. Molten tin jets with a small kinematic viscosity and a large thermal diffusivity were used to observe breakup and fragmentation of melt jets enhanced thermally and hydrodynamically. We observed jet columns with second-stage large-scale structures generated by the coalescence of large-scale structures recognized in the field of fluid mechanics. At a greater depth, the segmentation of jet columns between second-stage large-scale structures and the fragmentation of the segmented jet columns were observed. It is reasonable to consider that the segmentation and the fragmentation of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A demonstration of the first mobile 'on-off' neutron radiography system, developed by Vought Corporation Advanced Technology Center, has been conducted at McClellan Air Force Base. On-site neutron radiography operations with the engineering model were carried out to demonstrate the potential of such a system for in situ detection of hidden moisture and corrosion in aircraft structures, and to assess the performance of the unique hardware system in a depot environment. Inspections were performed on F-111 and F-106 aircraft, and several structures removed from T-39 and A-10 aircraft were also inspected. The effectiveness of the new N-ray system for imaging moisture and corrosion was confirmed after subsequent removal of skins from some of the F-111 structures. Excellent correlation of radiographic images with actual moisture and corrosion damage was attained. Both film and real time/near real time neutron ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Structural engineering implies four factors particularly relevant to sonics: airborne noise abatement, insulation of plumbing, by-pass insulation and noise absorption (noise abatement). These are exemplified with special regard to methodical and/or product-specific noise pollution abatement measures. Besides, reference is made to DIN standards 4109 providing both engineers with practical advice and pipe fitters or plumbers with concrete examples for application. VDI recommendations 3733 convey essential knowledge of how to properly apply sonic principles in the planning, design and installation of pipes. (BR).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Subcritical source-driven noise measurements are simultaneous Rossia and randomly pulsed neutron measurements that provide measured quantities that can be related to the subcritical neutron multiplication factor. In fact, subcritical source-driven noise measurements should be performed in lieu of Rossia measurements because of the additional information that is obtained from noise measurements such as the spectral ratio and the coherence functions. The basic understanding of source-driven noise analysis measurements can be developed from a point reactor kinetics model to demonstrate how the measured quantities relate to the subcritical neutron multiplication factor.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The performance of the gas-jet transport system coupled to the RIKEN gas-filled recoil ion separator GARIS was investigated using 255No produced in the 238U(22Ne, 5n)255No reaction. Alpha particles of 255No separated with GARIS and transported by the gas-jet system were measured with a rotating wheel apparatus for ? spectrometry under low background condition. The high gas-jet efficiencies of about 75% were independent of the recoil ranges of 255No in the gas-jet chamber. The present results suggest that the GARIS/gas-jet system is a promising tool for the next-generation superheavy element chemistry: (1) the background radioactivities of unwanted reaction products are strongly suppressed, (2) the intense beam is absent in the gas-jet chamber and hence the high gas-jet efficiency is achieved, and (3) the beam-free condition also allows for ...

Science.gov (United States)

Heating and cooling by impinging jets is widely used in various engineering applications, due to the high heat transfer rates prevailing in the vicinity of the stagnation point. The authors have been able to utilize acoustically excited turbulence for the...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The two most important issues in designing future gravitational wave interferometric detectors are, in our opinion, thermal and optical noise. In this paper we discuss some approaches for reducing these noises. About thermal noise we show a possible cryogenic solution. About optical noise (namely, the combined effect of shot noise and radiation pressure noise) we show that it is possible to apply a recently proposed reduction strategy based on a 'quantum feedback' (Courty et al 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 083601; Courty et al 2003 Preprint gr-qc/0301068) to a full Fabry-Perot cavity. This can be seen as a further step towards the practical realization of a detector which is able to evade the standard quantum limit.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

FELs require tight control of the amplitudes and phase of the fields in two linear accelerator tanks to obtain stable lasing. The accelerator control loops must establish constant, stable, repeatable amplitudes and phases of the rf fields and must have excellent bandwidth to control high-frequency noise components. A model of the feedback loops has been developed that agrees well with measurements and allows easy substitution of components and circuits, thus reducing breadboarding requirements. The model permits both frequency and time-domain analysis. The accelerator control scheme and model are described and the control of noise in feedback loops is discussed, showing how low-frequency-noise components (errors) can be corrected, but high-frequency-noise components (errors) are actually amplified by the feedback circuit. Measurements of noise in both open- and closed-loop modes is ...

Science.gov (United States)

High-level ab initio calculations have been performed on the exo and endo isomers of gas-phase

Science.gov (United States)

Jet Propulsion Laboratory. California Institute of Technology. Pasadena, California. Energy and Water Conservation. Steve Rigdon. Facilities Energy Manager ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Energy storage systems with extremely high specific energy (>400 Wh/kg) have been designed that use lightweight pressure vessels to contain the gases generated by reversible (unitized) regenerative fuel cells (URFCs).[1] URFC systems are being designed and developed for a variety of applications, including high altitude long endurance (HALE) solar rechargeable aircraft (SRA), zero emission vehicles (ZEVs), hybrid energy storage/propulsion systems for spacecraft, energy storage for remote (off-grid) power sources, and peak shaving for on-grid applications.[1-10] Energy storage for HALE SRA was the original application for this set of innovations, and a prototype solar powered aircraft (Pathfinder-Plus) recently set another altitude record for all propeller-driven aircraft on August 6, 1998, when it flew to 80,285 feet (24.47 km).[11

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States, there was heightened interest worldwide in protecting nuclear power plants against intentional aircraft attack by terrorists. This paper presents our perspective into regulatory requirements for intentional aircraft crash that were set forth in foreign countries, including the latest rulemaking by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), i.e., 10 CFR 50.54(hh) and 10 CFR 50.150 that have been made effective in May and July of 2009, respectively. In light of these international efforts to further enhance safety of NPPs, a study is also underway at the Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (KINS) to establish an effective and efficient regulatory approach in consideration of the state of the art in this area

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The impingement of a fluid jet onto a surface has broad applications across many industries. Within the UK nuclear industry, during the final stages of fuel reprocessing, impinging fluid jets are utilised to mobilise settled sludge material within storage tanks and ponds in preparation for transfer and ultimate immobilisation through vitrification. Despite the extensive applications of impinging jets within the nuclear and other industries, the study of two-phase, solid loaded, impinging jets is limited, and generally restricted to computational modelling. Surprisingly, very little fundamental understanding of the turbulence structure within such fluid flows through experimental investigation is found within the literature. The physical modelling of impinging jet systems could successfully serve to aid computer model validation, determine operating requirements, evaluate plant ...

Science.gov (United States)

The synthesis of experimental data concerning the effect of jet stagnation conditions on the drag of various afterbodies is presented. Jet pressure ratio effect on boattail pressure and on boundary layer separation is analyzed. This study is made for several values of the boundary layer thickness, taking into account the fact that some test rigs make its control possible by means of tangential blowing.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This research investigates experimentally mixed convection and heat transfer augmentation by forced jets in a large enclosure, at conditions simulating those of actual passive containment cooling systems and scales approaching those of actual containment buildings or compartments. The experiment was designed to measure the key parameters governing the heat transfer augmentation by forced jets and investigate the effects of geometric factors, including the jet diameter, jet injection orientation, interior structures, and enclosure aspect ratio. The tests cover a variety of injection modes leading to flow configurations of interest that contribute to reveal the nature of mixing and stratification phenomena in the containment under accident conditions of interest. The heat transfer of mixed convection can be predicted to be controlled by jet Archimedes number and geometric factors. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In order to facilitate observations of low energy nuclear reactions, a new type recoil mass-separator together with a new gas-jet target system is being developed at the tandem accelerator facility in Kyushu University. The expected mass-resolving power of the separator is 220 for a solid angle of 10 msr and the practical thickness of the gas-jet target will exceed 0.1 atm#centre dot#cm for the light elements of H and He. (author).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The likelihood that past experience will produce correct guides to current practice depends on the signal-to-noise ratio for the clinical problem of interest. If the signal-to-noise ratio is high, the...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pollution abatement measures against impulsive low frequency noises including mine blasting noise require precise measurement of sound waveforms, but no instruments have been designed for that purpose, nor commercially available. This paper describes investigations on such instruments as noise level meters currently available commercially on their instrumental characteristics using indoor experiments and field measurements. The following matters were clarified: An instrument combining a microphone with an amplifier can not determine the response from the measuring system from the respective frequency characteristics alone, and requires a discussion on the overall response from the measuring system. A preferred noise level meter would be an instrument that has the lower limit for the frequency characteristics of the microphone extended to several hertz, and measures noises without ...

CERN Document Server

We review the current status of resolved X-ray emission associated with extragalactic radio jets and hotspots. The primary question for any particular jet is to decide if the X-rays come from the synchrotron process or from inverse Compton scattering. There is considerable evidence supporting synchrotron emission for knots in the jets of FRI galaxies. For FRII terminal hotspots detected in the X-ray band, synchrotron self-Compton emission continues to provide viable models with one possible exception (so far). Inverse Compton scattering on photons of the cosmic microwave background is indicated for a few powerful jets, and is expected to be an important contributor if not the dominating mechanism for higher redshift objects. The application of a model generally yields physical parameters and in many cases, these include the Doppler boosting factor.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Differential cross sections for dijet photoproduction in association with a leading neutron using the reaction e{sup +}+p{yields}e{sup +}+n+jet+jet+X{sub r} have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 6.4 pb{sup -1}. The fraction of dijet events with a leading neutron in the final state was studied as a function of the jet kinematic variables. The cross sections were measured for jet transverse energies E{sub T}{sup jet}>6 GeV, neutron energy E{sub n}>400 GeV, and neutron production angle {theta}{sub n}<0.8 mrad. The data are broadly consistent with factorization of the lepton and hadron vertices and with a simple one-pion-exchange model.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This experimental research investigates mixed convection and heat transfer augmentation by gaseous forced jets in a large enclosure, at conditions simulating those of passive containment cooling systems for Gen III+ passively safe reactors. The experiment is designed to measure the key parameters governing heat transfer augmentation by forced jets, and to investigate the effects of geometric factors, including the jet diameter, jet injection orientation, interior structures, and enclosure aspect ratio. The tests cover a variety of injection modes leading to flow configurations of interest for mixing and stratification phenomena in containments under accident conditions. Correlations for heat transfer augmentation by forced jets are developed and compared with experimental data. The characteristic recirculation speed inside the enclosure is introduced and analyzed. Steady stratified ...

Science.gov (United States)

of satellite, aircraft and ground-based observations. In ..... swarm traps by Utah Department of Food and Agriculture (DAF) personnel. Preliminary Results ..... the 150th anniversary of the book's publication and the 200th anniversary of Darwin's birth. ...... cold war submarine missions to find that Arctic Ocean ...

Science.gov (United States)

C-130J payload reduced to make radius. ** Current C-17A uses 3000 ft field, C- 17A+ estimated cost of $378M per plane with. 2000 ft field length, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An analysis was performed to determine the impact of various power system components and mission requirements on the size of solar-powered high altitude long endurance (HALE)-type aircraft. The HALE unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has good potential for use in many military and civil applications. The primary power system components considered in this study were photovoltaic (PV) modules for power generation and regenerative fuel cells for energy storage. The impact of relevant component performance on UAV size and capability were considered; including PV module efficiency and mass, power electronics efficiency, and fuel cell specific energy. Mission parameters such as time of year, flight altitude, flight latitude, and payload mass and power were also varied to determine impact on UAV size. The aircraft analysis method used determines the required aircraft wing aspect ratio, wing area, and total mass based on maximum ...

Science.gov (United States)

Radiation Measurement in Crew Compartment. DTO 805: .... spacecraft and aircraft propulsion, and hazardous waste disposal. ...... combustion reactions in a turbulent chemical kinetic flow reactor using laser induced fluorescence and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Compton backscatter technique has been applied to lap-joint in aircraft structure in order to determine mass loss due to exfoliative corrosion of the aluminum alloy sheet skin. The mass loss of each layer has been estimated from Compton backscatter A-scan including the aluminum sheet, the corrosion layer, and the sealant. A Compton backscattering imaging system has been also developed to obtain a cross-sectional profile of corroded lap-splices of aging aircraft using a specially designed slit-type camera. The camera is to focus on a small scattering volume inside the material from which the backscattered photons are collected by a collimated scintillator detector for interpretation of material characteristics. The cross section of the layered structure is scanned by moving the scattering volume through the thickness direction of the specimen. The theoretical model of the Compton scattering based on Boltzmann transport theory is presented ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report covers the test methods and equipment for testing aircraft armor both hard and soft. The hard armor are the typical ceramic type while the soft armor are various types of layered composite materials. 10 figs. (JEF)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents calculations of the {sup 252}Cf-source-driven noise analysis measurements for subcritical highly enriched uranium metal cylinders using the Monte Carlo code MCNP-DSP. This code directly calculates the noise analysis data from the {sup 252}Cf- source-driven noise analysis method for both neutron and gamma ray detectors. Direct calculation of experimental observables by the Monte Carlo method allows for the benchmarking of the calculational model and the cross sections and for determining the bias in the calculation.

CERN Document Server

A method for simulating power law noise in clocks and oscillators is presented based on modification of the spectrum of white phase noise, then Fourier transforming to the time domain. Symmetric real matrices are introduced whose traces--the sums of their eigenvalues--are equal to the Allan variances, in overlapping or non-overlapping forms, as well as for the corresponding forms of the modified Allan variance. Diagonalization of these matrices leads to expressions for the probability distributions for observing a variance at an arbitrary value of the sampling or averaging interval $\\tau$, and hence for estimating confidence in the measurements. A number of applications are presented for the common power-law noises.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This invention is concerned with a solar energy system for propelling aircraft. Obtained are forces for aerodynamic lift and impetus. The lifted body had a transparent upper surface for the sun light, but black or reflecting for IR-radiation and high thermal insulation properties. Inside of the lifted body, the air temperature increases and is lifted by convection influence. The air resistance of this body is low in horizontal direction and higher in vertical position. The payload could be shifted, so that the positive or negative angle of the whole body can be selected. By this principal it is possible to transform the static lifting force in a dynamic impetus.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To analyse the thermal noise of the pendulum mode of a suspended mirror, we interferometrically detect the differential movement of two mirrors suspended as multiple-stage pendulums. We present the set-up of this experiment and the current sensitivity, and also the different steps that we took in the past to increase the sensitivity, which include an auto alignment of the laser beam into the resonator eigenmode, changes of the seismic isolation system to more damping stages and higher moments of inertia and an intensive noise hunting.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thermally recyclable Nb point-contact Josephson junctions are investigated as low-noise mixers with an external local oscillator at 115 GHz. The best single sideband mixer noise temperature achieved is 140 ( +- 20) K with a (SSB) conversion loss of 2.4 ( +- 0.5) dB. Such rugged junctions are suitable for use in practical receivers and should give unprecedented sensitivity at the shorter millimeter wavelengths.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The study of audible noise from high voltage transmission lines and a high voltage transformer station was conducted in three parts. Part 1 consisted of long-term measurement and statistical analysis by computer reduction of audible noise as a result of corona discharge from high voltage transmission lines and the associated weather conditions which contribute to this noise. Recommendations are given concerning further computer programming in order to improve the statistical reliability of corona noise presence and reduce the degree of background noise contamination of the present results. Part 2 consisted of categorizing and cataloguing of corona noise spectra from long-term measurements on 550, 735 and 765 kV transmission lines and to provide a library of such sounds on magnetic tape to be used in the ongoing study of corona noise. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

During the last several years, audible noise produced by high voltage transmission lines in corona has emerged as an important design consideration. In this same time frame a number of different methods for calculating audible noise levels have been proposed. The methods currently available, for both ac and dc lines, are described in this paper and are compared through application to practical line geometries for which data from long-term measurements are available.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this work the authors study the stabilization point of a lifted, reacting jet of nitrogen diluted methane in co-flowing air. The jet flow is acoustically forced so as to organize the large scale vortical structures. The validation of the numerical results is possible through a concurrent experimental investigation of a similar planar jet. The use of an acoustically forced planar jet allows for significant savings by the restriction of the computation to two dimensions; the model is otherwise applicable in three dimensions. The authors based their study on the following parameters, which are derived from the experimental setup: a jet width of 1.16 cm, a mean jet velocity of 0.8 m/s, and a coflow velocity of 0.1 m/s. The acoustical forcing is studied at frequencies of 7.5 MHz and 90 MHz, which have been established experimentally as being characteristic of two ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

One way to intensify heat and mass transfer processes in column-type equipment is through use of contact devices with directional gas phase injection into a liquid. Making the perforations at an angle to the tray plane permits a rise in the permissible gas velocity in the column, since inertial force adds to gravity during separation. Different arrangements of the jet-forming elements relative to one another and to partitions and baffle-type contacts installed on the trays can improve phase contact conditions and intensify heat and mass transfer. Design of jet-type trays for a specific purpose requires that the influence of jet-forming, element design parameters on at least the fluid dynamic situation on the tray be known. In this work, the authors evaluate the influence of tab bend-up angle on jet tray working characteristics. These investigations demonstrate that the jet ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Impedance Noise Identification is an in-situ method of measuring battery impedance as a function of frequency using a random small signal noise excitation source. Through a series of auto- and cross-correlations and Fast Fourier Transforms, the battery complex impedance as a function of frequency can be determined. The results are similar to those measured under a lab-scale electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement. The lab-scale measurements have been shown to correlate well with resistance and power data that are typically used to ascertain the remaining life of a battery. To this end, the Impedance Noise Identification system is designed to acquire the same type of data as an on-board tool. A prototype system is now under development, and results are being compared to standardized measurement techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A brief description of the Impedance ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

SummaryObjectiveTo assess the level of noise generated by music shops in an urban city in Nigeria. Study designCross-sectional, descriptive study. MethodologyThe study involved music shops in three out of eight identified clusters of market areas in Benin City. A semi-structured, researcher-administered questionnaire was also used to collect data from music shop owners. Noise levels generated by speakers in the music shops were measured using a sound level meter, and blood pressure measurements were taken with a mercury sphygmomanometer. ResultsOf the 250 music shops studied, more than 90.0% generated noise levels >85 dB, and 54.8% had a continuous pattern of noise. Longer duration of working years was significantly associated with decreased hearing (P = 0.01), shouting when talking (P = 0...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract We have experimentally and theoretically investigated the equivalent magnetic noise in a magnetoelectric Metglas/ 0.7Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.3PbTiO3 laminate sensor unit by considering the constituent noise sources of dielectric loss (NDE) and DC leakage resistance (NR). In the low frequency range (f = 1 Hz), theory predicts that NR dominates the noise charge (1.6 times larger than NDE), with a 1 Hz noise of 9.1\\;{\\rm pt}/\\sqrt {\\rm Hz}. The experimental equivalent magnetic noise was 10.8\\;{\\rm pt}/\\sqrt {\\rm Hz}. This observed value is slightly higher than the predicted one, which might be due to an oversimplification of the theoretical model in terms of electrical charge amplifier and external vibration noise sources. ( 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Although the standard model of particle physics agrees perfectly with experimental data, it is unlikely the final theory describing particles and their interactions. New phenomena has been searched in the jets and missing transverse energy topology. Such phenomena may be due to the pair production of leptoquarks decaying into a quark and a neutrino or the pair production of stops decaying into a charm and a neutralino which is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle. These searches have been performed with the Ddiamter detector at hadronic collider TeVatron with a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV. This kind of searches needs a good understanding of the jet energy calibration. The determination of the relative jet energy scale has allowed us to reduce the systematic uncertainties on the jet energy measurement when comparing the data and the simulation. Moreover a new method has been developed ...

CERN Document Server

We report results of the 2006 April multi-wavelengths campaign of SS 433, focusing on X-ray data observed with Suzaku at two orbital phases (in- and out-of- eclipse) and simultaneous optical spectroscopic observations. By analyzing the Fe25 K_alpha lines originating from the jets, we detect rapid variability of the Doppler shifts, dz/dt ~ 0.019/0.33 day^-1, which is larger than those expected from the precession and/or nodding motion. This phenomenon probably corresponding to "jitter" motions observed for the first time in X-rays, for which significant variability both in the jet angle and intrinsic speed is required. From the time lag of optical Doppler curves from those of X-rays, we estimate the distance of the optical jets from the base to be ~(3-4) \\times 10^14 cm. Based on the radiatively cooling jet model, we determine the innermost temperature of the jets to be T_0 = 13 +/- ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A transition from petroleum~derived jet fuels to blends with Fischer-Tropsch (F~T) fuels, and ultimately fully synthetic hydro-isomerized F-T fuels has raised concern about the fate of plasticizers in nitrile-butadiene rubber a-rings that are contacted by the fuels as this transition occurs. The partitioning of plasticizers and fuel molecules between nitrile a-rings and petroleum-derived, synthetic, and additized-synthetic jet fuels has been measured. Thermal desorption of o-rings soaked in the various jet fuels followed by gas chromatographic analysis with a mass spectrometric detector showed many of the plasticizer and stabilizer compounds were removed from the o-rings regardless of the contact fuel. Fuel molecules were observed to migrate into the o-rings for the petroleum-derived fuel as did both the fuel and additive for a synthetic F-T jet fuel additized with benzyl alcohol, but less for the ...

CERN Document Server

We present an analytical model for jets in Fanaroff & Riley Class I (FRI) radio galaxies, in which an initially laminar, relativistic flow is surrounded by a shear layer. We apply the appropriate conservation laws to constrain the jet parameters, starting the model where the radio emission is observed to brighten abruptly. We assume that the laminar flow fills the jet there and that pressure balance with the surroundings is maintained from that point outwards. Entrainment continuously injects new material into the jet and forms a shear layer, which contains material from both the environment and the laminar core. The shear layer expands rapidly with distance until finally the core disappears, and all of the material is mixed into the shear layer. Beyond this point, the shear layer expands in a cone and decelerates smoothly. We apply our model to the well-observed FRI source 3C31 and show that there ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The performance of a high temperature ion source coupled to a helium gas-jet transport system for an efficient mass separation of neutron-rich alkaline earth and lanthanide isotopes is reported and the results of overall efficiency measurements using different cluster materials in the gas-jet are given. A fast, microprocessor controlled tape transport system for ..gamma..-spectroscopic studies on short-lived isotopes is described. Some results on the decay of 3.8sub(-s) /sup 152/Pr are presented. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

With the help of heat balance equation and high temperature thermodynamic function, the calibration relation of jet temperature with discharge power, gas flow rate was obtained for nitrogen thermal plasma. It was shown that the results were agreed with the principle of similarity. The jet temperature was a function of Peff/f, instead of a general two variables function of Peff and f, which were effective discharge power and working gas flow rate, respectively. A related discussion has been given; it will be referable to thermal plasma applications. (authors)

Science.gov (United States)

Engine flow simulation was provided by four separately mounted air ejectors connected to a high-pressure air supply. The engine nacelle center lines were ...

Science.gov (United States)

or third generation fuels. These are biofuels that can directly substitute for gasoline, jet fuel, and diesel. Today more than 9 billion gallons of biofuels are produced annually...

CERN Document Server

We present a HST/STIS spectroscopic and optical/radio imaging study of the Seyfert NGC 2110 aiming to measure the dynamics and understand the nature of the nuclear outflow in the galaxy. Previous HST studies have revealed the presence of a linear structure in the Narrow-Line Region (NLR) aligned with the radio jet. We show that this structure is strongly accelerated, probably by the jet, but is unlikely to be entrained in the jet flow. The ionisation properties of this structure are consistent with photoionisation of dusty, dense gas by the active nucleus. We present a plausible geometrical model for the NLR, bringing together various components of the nuclear environment of the galaxy. We highlight the importance of the circum-nuclear disc in determining the appearance of the emission line gas and the morphology of the jet. From the dynamics of the emission line gas, we place constraints on the ...

Science.gov (United States)

Jan 18, 2011 ... The Radiation Assessment Detector, shown prior to its September 2010 ... This 360-degree panorama shows the vista from the location where ...

Science.gov (United States)

lytical Comparison of Turbine-Blade Cooling System Designed for a. TurboJet Engine Operat- at Supersonic Speed and Altitude. I1 -. Air-C~Oling Systems. ...

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... The phenol and cresylic acid stream is flashed in a thin film evaporator over a concentrated sulfuric acid mixture to remove pyridine type substances ...

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An experimental study of H-air counterflow diffusion flames (CFDFs) is reported. Coaxial tubular

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boiling jet impingement cooling is currently being explored to cool power electronics components. In hybrid vehicles, inverters are used for DC-AC conversion. These inverters involve a number of insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), which are used as on/off switches. The heat dissipated in these transistors can result in heat fluxes of up to 200 W/cm{sup 2}, which makes the thermal management problem quite important. In this paper, turbulent jet impingement involving nucleate boiling is explored numerically. The framework for these computations is the CFD code FLUENT. For nucleate boiling, the Eulerian multiphase model is used. The numerical results for boiling water and R113 jets (submerged) are validated against existing experimental data in the literature. Some representative IGBT package simulations that use R134a as the cooling fluid are also presented. (author)

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A Self-Powered Underwater Robot for Ocean Exploration and Beyond ... first unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) that is completely powered by renewable energy . ...

Science.gov (United States)

material may survive intact and mix back into interstellar gas clouds, helping to fuel the next generation of stars. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.,...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

For the performance analysis of Canadian deuterium uranium (CANDU) reactor shutdown system number 2 (SDS2), a computational fluid dynamics model of poison jet flow has been developed to estimate the flow field and poison concentration formed inside the CANDU reactor calandria. As the ratio of calandria shell radius over injection nozzle hole diameter is so large (1055), it is impractical to develop a full-size model encompassing the whole calandria shell. In order to reduce the model to a manageable size, a quarter of one-pitch length segment of the shell was modeled using symmetric nature of the jet; and the injected jet was treated as a source term to avoid the modeling difficulty caused by the big difference of the hole sizes. For the analysis of an actual CANDU-6 SDS2 poison injection, the grid structure was determined based on the results of two-dimensional real- and source-jet simulations. The ...

Science.gov (United States)

May 1, 2011 ... Abstract: Diatek Corporation, San Diego, CA and the Jet Propulsion Lab developed the Diatek Model 7000 aural thermometer which weighs ...

Science.gov (United States)

of different transportation fuels (e.g., gasoline, diesel fuel, aviation gasoline, jet fuel, residual fuel oil). Subsequent calculations are performed to estimate the share...

Science.gov (United States)

The jet in cross flow (JICF) is a basic flowfield which is relevant to a wide variety of applications which are described to provide context for JICF investigations. Material consistent with the scope of topics presented at the 72nd AGARD Fluid Dynamics Panel Meeting and Symposium on Computational and Experimental Assessment of Jets in Cross Flow on 19-22 April 1993 in Winchester, U.K. is summarized. The JICF research was divided into three time periods: (1) early research - up to 1970, (2) research during the 1970's, and (3) research since 1980. The following areas of experimental activity are discussed; the definition of an effective correlation parameter; the jet flowfield including the jet trajectories, cross-section shape, and jet induced pressures; the effects of jet deflection angle, nozzle shape, pressure ratio, velocity decay, and temperature; and the ...

Science.gov (United States)

and used to reduce or replace petroleum-based transportation fuel, heating oil or jet fuel). In addition, this rule includes a new regulatory provision establishing a...

Science.gov (United States)

from a military fuel storage facility released about 80,000 gallons of kerosine-based jet fuel. Immediate and extensive recovery measures managed to contain the spill, but...

Science.gov (United States)

Barlow, Nadine Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ. 10. Barker, Don NASA Johnson Space Center, TX. 11. Beaty, David NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, ...

Science.gov (United States)

but one test point on the flight cards was achieved before we hit our "bingo," or minimal fuel remaining, and we had to land. The radar was developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion...

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Air Show. The exhibit will feature 16 fuel companies showcasing cutting-edge alternative jet fuel technologies. In addition to individual company exhibits, the Showcase will...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper deals with estimating aircraft landing and take-off (LTO) emissions (HC, CO, NO_x, SO_2) at 40 Turkish airports including the biggest airports, i.e. Ataturk International Airport (AIA) in Istanbul, Antalya Airport in Antalya and Esenboga Airport in Ankara in 2001. The calculation model is based on flight data recorded by the State Airports Authority. The flight data include the type and number of aircraft, number of passengers, amount of cargo etc., which depend on day-time and date. For the emission calculations the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)-Engine emission data bank, which includes minimum and maximum values for both fuel flow rates and emissions factors, is used. By using first the minimum and then the maximum values from the data bank, two estimations of aircraft LTO emissions at Turkish airports are calculated: i.e. minimum and maximum estimations. Total LTO emissions from ...

CERN Document Server

The PLL (Phase Locked Loop) has two modes: search mode and locking mode. The mode is determined by how far apart the internal frequency is from the external frequency. When the internal - and exter nal frequencies are close, the PLL is in locking mode. While locking on the external frequency, the PLL can largely be expressed as a linear term superimposed with a small "noise" term. We can t herefore calculate a transfer function that will completely describe the performance of the PLL apart from the precision, which is determined by the noise term. Two ideas are presented on how to re duce the noise term. The first idea is to compensate the noise term with an equal value of opposite sign. This completely removes the noise when the PLL locks on a steady frequency. Unfortunately it can not be used for the LEP Q-meter which is plagued by the presence of satellite frequencies. For other ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electrochemical noise generated during stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of type 304 stainless steel (UNS S30400) and {alpha}-brass were studied. Noise patterns showed common characteristics (i.e., a quick drop and slow recovery of the potential). The quick drop corresponded to the initiation of localized events where fresh metal was exposed. The slow recovery corresponded to the repassivation process of the exposed bare metal. The potential drop rate and recovery rate were almost constant during the SCC process for a given SCC system. For random noise, rates of potential rise and drop were similar. Frequency of the noise generated during SCC increased with an increase in applied stress. SCC initiation could be monitored and determined according to noise characteristics and distribution. Since the shift of background potentials had an obvious influence on characteristics of power ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Airframe System Technoloqies Laser fabricated flooring Composite sandwich panels for noise control Spray formed HS aluminum alloys Protective ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Multiple receivers can be utilized to enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of MRI by employing the parallel imaging technique. Previously, we have reported the L-curve Tikhonov regularization technique to mitigate noise amplification resulting from the geometrical correlations between channels in a coil array. Nevertheless, one major disadvantage of regularized image reconstruction is lengthy computational time in regularization parameter estimation. At a fixed noise level, L-curve regularization parameter estimation was also found not to be robust across repetitive measurements, particularly for low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) acquisitions. Here we report a computationally efficient and robust method to estimate the regularization parameter by partitioning the variance of the noise-white...

Science.gov (United States)

Apr 18, 2008 ... The FSS was produced by point-source filtering the individual detector data ... a 1-sigma noise map; and a coverage map giving the count of ...

Science.gov (United States)

... The approach is to perform noise spectral density measurements and selected materials structure measurements on GaAs detector materials, with ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 2008. Characterizing the relative contributions of large vessels to total ocean noise fields: a case study using the Gerry E. Studds Stellwagen Bank ...

Science.gov (United States)

... 37 18 Power Spectral Density Measurements of Buffet Pressures for Two Different Microphone Positions Compared with PSD Values Inferred from ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo optimization algorithm and a computer simulation, I find the passenger ordering which minimizes the time required to board the passengers onto an airplane. The model that I employ assumes that the time that a passenger requires to load his or her luggage is the dominant contribution to the time needed to completely fill the aircraft. The optimal boarding strategy may reduce the time required to board and airplane by over a factor of four and possibly more depending upon the dimensions of the aircraft. I explore some features of the optimal boarding method and discuss practical modifications to the optimal. Finally, I mention some of the benefits that could come from implementing an improved passenger boarding scheme.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

VHF wind-profiling radars often measure a decrease of echo power with zenith angle, which can be explained from in situ measurements of horizontal layering or anisotropy of metre-scale temperature structure in the atmosphere. There can also be an azimuthal variation of echo power, which is increased in an azimuth opposite to the vertical shear vector of horizontal wind. This paper checks if the azimuth variation can also be linked to in situ observations of temperature structure, using aircraft flights in the tropopause region near a VHF radar. At heights where VHF radar measures wind shear and aspect sensitivity, there can be an asymmetry in the probability distribution of horizontal gradient of potential temperature, for horizontal scale of e.g. hundreds of metres. The asymmetry is often...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report documents the results of a project funded by DoD's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) on the science behind development of predictive models for soot emission from gas turbine engines. Measurements of soot formation were performed in laminar flat premixed flames and turbulent non-premixed jet flames at 1 atm pressure and in turbulent liquid spray flames under representative conditions for takeoff in a gas turbine engine. The laminar flames and open jet flames used both ethylene and a prevaporized JP-8 surrogate fuel composed of n-dodecane and m-xylene. The pressurized turbulent jet flame measurements used the JP-8 surrogate fuel and compared its combustion and sooting characteristics to a world-average JP-8 fuel sample. The pressurized jet flame measurements demonstrated that the surrogate was representative of JP-8, with a somewhat higher tendency to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The new collaborative exploitation of the JET Facilities requires suitable technical tools and infrastructure measures to enable the Remote Participation of scientists from all European Fusion labs. Such measures are being gradually introduced. They comprise of a toolkit for Remote Data Access, Remote Computer Access and for teleconferencing, and of infrastructure measures that address network connectivity, network security, shared documentation and technical support.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The importance of neutron measurements both as a succinct measure of the progress to fusion ignition using the magnetic confinement route and also as a diagnostic of plasma conditions is discussed. The various neutron diagnostic systems that have been or are being constructed by AERE Harwell for JET are described. The properties to be measured by such diagnostics are clearly identified and some results obtained with the installed diagnostics during d-d plasmas are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The apex dimensions and length are calculated as a function of current for the ion-emitting jet in liquid-metal ion sources (LMIS). The results agree well with observations. Since the final expressions are analytical, they give more insight into the fundamental mechanisms involved than do numerical calculations. Some implications of the model are discussed concerning focused ion beam (FIB) systems employing LMIS. (author).

CERN Document Server

We present H-alpha and [O III] (5007 Angstroms) images of the nebula powered by the jet of the black hole candidate and microquasar Cygnus X-1, observed with the 2.5m Isaac Newton Telescope (INT). The ring-like structure is luminous in [O III] and there exists a thin outer shell with a high [O III] / H-alpha flux ratio. This outer shell probably originates in the collisionally excited atoms close to the front of the bow shock. Its presence indicates that the gas is shock excited as opposed to photoionised, supporting the jet-powered scenario. The shock velocity was previously constrained at 20 = 100 km/s (1 sigma confidence) based on a comparison of the observed [O III] / H-alpha ratio in the bow shock with a number of radiative shock models. From this we further constrain the time-averaged power of the jet: P_Jet = (4 - 14)*10^36 erg/s. The H-alpha flux behind the shock front is typically 4*10^-15 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The ink jet printing technology is a relatively novel technique in development of organic electronic devices. The technique consists of working out depositions of organic layers by a piezo-based ink jet printer. In this work polymer conducting films deposited by ink jet printing technique on different plastic substrates has been demonstrated. The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiofene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) [PEDOT/PSS] and glycerol-modified PEDOT/PSS [G-PEDOT/PSS] were used like conducting inks to be applied on polyester and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. By means of the change of substrate associated to the deposition number or type of polymer ink used for printing of the conducting films, the sheet resistance can be modified. Such a behavior suggests that plastic substrate fulfills an important role for the changing of sheet resistance of the PEDOT/PSS and G-PEDOT/PSS films made by ink jet ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A high-speed light-Diesel engine with direct injection has been developed by the Institute of Combustion Engines, Graz. Thanks to light construction throughout, exhaust gas supercharger and noise-reduced composition a Diesel engine could be built that is comparable to Otto-cycle engines as regards performance, weight, aggregate size and noise production but far superior to these with respect to fuel consumption and exhaust gas emission.

Science.gov (United States)

From nuclear science symposium; San Francisco, California, USA (14 Nov 1973). A digital Fourier analyzer was programmed to perform reactor neutron noise analysis measurements and on-line processing of the data to obtain the steady-state reactivity. The system is suitable for recovering cross spectral density with low correlatedsignal component and for repetitive measurements with efficient use of reactor time. (auth)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An automated surveillance and baseline noise signature acquisition system is being demonstrated at Sequoyah-1. A nonperturbing method is also being developed for monitoring the subcritical reactivity during initial core loading in LWRs, in fuel storage and processing facilities, and during postaccident recovery operations such as Three Mile Island-2. (DLC)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP) field campaign will provide a detailed set of observations with which to (1) perform radiative and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) closure studies, (2) evaluate a new retrieval algorithm for aerosol optical depth (AOD) in the presence of clouds using passive remote sensing, (3) extend a previously developed technique to investigate aerosol indirect effects, and (4) evaluate the performance of a detailed regional-scale model and a more parameterized global-scale model in simulating particle activation and AOD associated with the aging of anthropogenic aerosols. To meet these science objectives, the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility will deploy the ARM Mobile Facility (AMF) and the Mobile Aerosol Observing System (MAOS) on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, for a 12-month period starting in the summer of 2012 in order to quantify aerosol properties, radiation, and cloud characteristics at a location subject to both clear and ...

Science.gov (United States)

University research group with research areas: * Land based and submersible autonomous robots, (UUVs: AUVs and ROVs); * Controllers, electronics, sensor design and fusion, motion control; * Guidance and navigation of underwater vehicles; * AI, neural networks, fuzzy logic, subsumption control, behaviour based control; * Optical fibre and ultrasonic sensors for proximal object detection; * Robot arm control, visual servoing; * Imaging sonar applications; * Simulator development: UUV simulator; imaging sonar simulator; Aircraft/flight simulator.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Work over the last few years at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has included a major focus on applying human performance and human reliability knowledge and methods as an integral element of system design and development. This work has been pursued in programs in a wide variety of technical domains, beginning with nuclear power plant operations. Since the mid-1980`s the laboratory has transferred the methods and tools developed in the nuclear domain to military weapons systems and aircraft, offshore oil and shipping operations, and commercial aviation operations and aircraft design. Through these diverse applications the laboratory has developed an integrated approach and framework for application of human performance analysis, human reliability analysis (HRA), operational data analysis, and simulation studies of human performance to the design and development of complex systems. This approach was recently ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The workshop focused on strategies for promoting and developing engineering level transonic flutter prediction techniques. The technology of transonic aerodynamics is currently undergoing rapid development. Significant progress is being made to solve the inherently nonlinear equations describing unsteady motions of wings in transonic flow, while the availability of reliable and efficient computational methods will greatly enhance the ability to predict the aeroelastic behavior of modern aircraft operating under transonic flow conditions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Bureau of Mines has two projects in the remote sensing field as it pertains to mining. One of these is a completed contract that studied the use of aircraft mounted cameras and the results of photogrammetry. The second project is an ongoing contract to study the effectiveness of using an instrumentation system wired to remote data collection station to record embankment data. 6 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Combustion noise, knock and ignition limits data are measured and presented for a dual fuel engine running on dual fuels of Diesel and three gaseous fuels separately. The gaseous fuels used are liquefied petroleum gas, pure methane and compressed natural gas mixture. The maximum pressure rise rate during combustion is presented as a measure of combustion noise, and the knocking and ignition limits are presented as torque output at the onset of knocking and ignition failure. Experimental investigation on the dual fuel engine revealed the noise generated from combustion, knocking and ignition limits for all gases at different design and operating conditions. A Ricardo E6 Diesel version engine is converted to run on dual fuel of Diesel and the tested gaseous fuel and is used throughout the work. The engine is fully computerized, and the cylinder pressure data, crank angle data and engine operating variables are stored in a PC ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Moderator Temperature Coefficient of reactivity (MTC) was earlier proven to be properly determined via noise analysis when the neutron noise is measured locally and when the radial average of the moderator temperature noise is used. Nevertheless, measurements revealed that the MTC was correctly estimated on a much narrower frequency band (0.6 - 0.7 Hz) than expected (0.1 - 1.0 Hz). The present paper investigates the effect of the feedback on the MTC determination using this new MTC noise estimator (which could explain the deviation at low frequencies, i.e. between 0.1 - 0.5 Hz) and the effect of the detector time constants (which could explain the deviation at high frequencies, i.e. between 0.7 - 1.0 Hz). For that purpose, a coupled neutronic/thermalhydraulic model of the Ringhals-3 PWR is developed in the frequency-domain, based on a radial 2-dimensional heterogeneous representation of the core. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The production of heavy crude oils increased in the last years in the world. Crude oils with high density, viscosity, acidity and sulfur, nitrogen, metals and asphaltenes contents, by the others hand, low stability and low product quality. The challenger of many refiners is find solutions to refine the heavy crude oils, and produce fuels with certify quality, such as Jet Fuel. The principal aviation technique on the world work with gas turbines engines feted for jet fuel (JET A1). The quality specifications of this fuel are establish by International Norms: ASTM-1655, DEF STAN 91-91-3 (DERD 2494) and joint Fuelling System Check List. The world technologies to obtain jet fuel from mixtures of heavy crude oil with middle crude oils are: Atmospheric distillation, with a posterior hydrogenation and finally the additivation. Studies carried out have demonstrates that the Cubans heavy crude oils is ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

New ICRH antennas on JET were designed to couple to the new JET divertor plasma configurations and to improve the Fast Wave Current Drive (FWCD) capabilities. The A2 antenna consists of 4 straps whose currents can be phased at arbitrary angles. The real time automatic tuning acts on frequency, line length (line phase shifters) and stub length. Provision is made for the coupling resistance/plasma position feedback to accommodate the fast changes in antenna loading. The first coupling, tuning and heating results are reported in 0{pi}0{pi}, 0000 and 00{pi}{pi} phasing. A new antenna model is described, which was developed to simulate the measured antenna loading in terms of plasma parameters and to provide a starting point for the real time automatic tuning. 5 refs., 4 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This patent describes a method of hydraulically mining a surface of a mining location comprising: a. determining the dimensions of the surface of the mining location from a fixed point at the location; b. constructing at a second location remote from the mining location a visual representation of the surface form the determined dimensions of the mining location with respect to the fixed point; c. jetting water under high pressure against a selected area on the surface of the mining location; d. determining changes in the dimensions of the selected area of the surface of the mining location; e. reconstructing at the second location a new visual representation of the surface from the determined changes of the location during the jetting of the water; and f. redirecting the jetted water under high pressure utilizing data from the reconstructed visual representation.

CERN Document Server

The association of at least some long gamma-ray bursts with type Ic supernova explosions has been established beyond reasonable doubt. Theoretically, the challenge is to explain the presence of a light hyper-relativistic flow propagating through a massive stellar core without losing those properties. We discuss the role of the jet-star interaction in shaping the properties of the outflow emerging on the surface of the star. We show that the nature of the inner engine is hidden from the observer for most of the evolution, well beyond the time of the jet breakout on the stellar surface. The discussion is based on analytical considerations as well as high resolution numerical simulations. Finally, the observational consequences of the scenario are addressed in light of the present capabilities.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper provides information on heat transfer enhancement due to jet mixing inside a cylindrical enclosure. The work addresses conservative heat transfer assumptions regarding mixing and condensation that have typically been incorporated into passive containment design analyses. The current research presents an interesting possibility for increasing decay heat removal of passive containment systems under combined natural and forced convection. Eliminating these conservative assumptions could provide the basis for a change of containment design and reduce the construction cost. It is found that the ratio of forced- and free convection Nusselt numbers can be predicted as a function of the Archimedes number and a correlated factor accounting for jet orientation and enclosure geometry. To use the small-scale tests for large containment design, scale-up methods and criteria are important for matching the key governing parameters and fluid ...

Science.gov (United States)

fuel are produced from a barrel of crude oil by U.S. refiners. Other products such as jet fuel and heating oil make up the remaining one third. Graphic of a barrel of oil...

Science.gov (United States)

The ratio of particle velocity to translation speed exceeds 1 for 98% of .... The westward movement of the meandering jet and eddy system transports nutrient- rich ...... J. Hydrometeor., 4, 1044-1066. Gedney, N., P. M. Cox, H. Douville, ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Electrospinning, a flexible jet-based fiber, scaffold, and membrane fabrication approach, has been elucidated as having significance to the heath sciences. Its capabilities have been most impressive...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

million for advanced energy projects Thu, Sep 29, 2011 - Project Aims to Bring Bio-based Jet Fuel Production to the Northwest Mon, Sep 12, 2011 - Drive like the wind Thu, Aug 25,...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To clarify the fragmentation mechanism of a molten metallic fuel jet in a sodium pool under high-ejection-velocity conditions that correspond to the medium- and high-burnup conditions in the metallic fuel core of liquid-metal-cooled fast breeder reactors, a series of experiments with molten copper as a metallic fuel simulant and a sodium pool was carried out. Under low-ejection-velocity conditions in the range of an ambient Weber number (Wea) a ? 200, the size of the fragments is confirmed to be almost independent of the initial superheating of the jet. Furthermore, the size of the fragments agrees well with that evaluated using the Rayleigh-Taylor instability model, in which the fragment size is assumed to be equal to half the fastest growing wavelength. This result is qualitatively consistent with the characteristics that the molten jet column with large inertia force owing to the high ejection velocity, which transports ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Nebulised antibiotics have been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of lung infections in cystic fibrosis. Studies on the efficiency of nebuliser systems are constantly required in view of the large...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

to end statewide burn ban 09/28/2011 - Commissioner's statement on $80 million biomass to jet fuel award to UW and WSU Media Center | View All News Meetings & Events Saturday Oct...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This contribution presents different approaches for the modeling of gas entrainment under water by a plunging jet. Since the generation of bubbles happens on a scale which is smaller than the bubbles, this process cannot be resolved in meso-scale simulations, which include the full length of the jet and its environment. This is why the gas entrainment has to be modeled in meso-scale simulations. In the frame of a Euler-Euler simulation, the local morphology of the phases has to be considered in the drag model. For example, the gas is a continuous phase above the water level but bubbly below the water level. Various drag models are tested and their influence on the gas void fraction below the water level is discussed. The algebraic interface area density (AIAD) model applies a drag coefficient for bubbles and a different drag coefficient for the free surface. If the AIAD model is used for the simulation of impinging jets, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This volume is divided into the following sections: (1) fundamentals of convection heat transfer; (2) fundamentals of heat transfer with impinging jets; and (3) fundamentals of heat transfer augmentation. Separate abstracts were prepared for most papers in this volume.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kerf geometry, kerf wall features, and cutting front characteristics of an Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ) machined Graphite/Epoxy (Gr/Ep) laminate were studied. A macroscopic analyses suggests that geometrical features associated with AWJ machining of Gr/Ep laminates are influenced by three macro regions along the cutting depth. The presence of these regions, including initial damage at jet entry, smooth cutting, and rough cutting near the jet exit, depends on the operating conditions. Design of experiments and analysis of variance were used to determine the effect of cutting parameters on kerf characteristics and to develop empirical models for kerf profile and features of the three distinct macroscopic regions. Cutting front analysis revealed that the mechanisms of material removal in AWJ machining of Gr/Ep do not change over the jet penetration depth. In general, high quality uniform cuts may be obtained by minimizing initial ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Increase in power utility loads in industrialized countries, as well as developing countries, demands a higher level of transmission line voltage. Radio interference (RI) problems have been determined to be a limiting factor in selecting the size of transmission line conductors. Transmission line noise is primarily caused by corona discharges in the immediate vicinity of the conductor. It has been observed that discharges occur during both half-cycles of the applied voltage, but positive corona is usually predominant at AM radio frequencies range with practical high-voltage and extra high-voltage transmission lines. The corona radio noise effect is highly dependent upon the presence of particles on the surface of the conductor and the increase of the electrical gradient beyond the breakdown value of the air. Therefore, corona radio noise varies significantly with the weather and atmospheric conditions and generally ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Increase in power utility loads in industrialized countries, as well as developing countries, demands a higher level of transmission line voltage. Radio interference (RI) problems have been determined to be a limiting factor in selecting the size of transmission line conductors. Transmission line noise is primarily caused by corona discharges in the immediate vicinity of the conductor. It has been observed that discharges occur during both half-cycles of the applied voltage, but positive corona is usually predominant at AM radio frequencies range with practical high-voltage and extra high-voltage transmission lines. The corona radio noise effect is highly dependent upon the presence of particles on the surface of the conductor and the increase of the electrical gradient beyond the breakdown value of the air. Therefore, corona radio noise varies significantly with the weather and atmospheric conditions and generally ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: A method to measure noise power spectrum of a full field digital mammography system is presented. The effect of X-ray radiation dose, size and configuration of region of interest on normalized noise power spectrum (NNPS) was investigated. Flat field images were acquired using RQA-M2 beam quality technique (Mo/Mo anode-filter, 28 kV, 2 mm Al) with different clinical radiation doses. The images were cropped at about 4 cm from the edge of the breast wall and then divided into different size of non-overlapping or overlapping segments. NNPS was determined through de trending, 2-D fast Fourier transformation and normalization. Our measurement shows that high radiation dose gave lower NNPS at a specific beam quality. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There is a clear incentive, therefore, for early consideration of the measures required to meet noise and vibration standards. The platform or rig owner and the operator are jointly responsible for agreeing a noise and vibration control policy and approach at the conceptual design stage, and for then passing on their requirements to the engineering design teams. The engineering design teams and acoustic and vibration specialists for their part need to use all their skill and judgement to apply that policy to the intensely complex job of designing and fabricating topsides facilities. With these concerns as background, UEG started, and has nearly completed, a two-phase study to provide detailed guidance to project managers and designers to assist them to develop appropriate policy and procedures and to help them put those procedures into practice. This paper describes the development of UEG's study, its application and benefits.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study has been conducted on the statistics of detected neutrons that leaked from four subcritical reflected, enriched-uranium assemblies, to explore the feasibility of developing a criticality warning system based on neutron noise analysis. Studies were conducted on three possible discriminators, i.e., three signatures that might be used to discriminate among assemblies of various multiplications. The noise analysis techniques studied performed well enough in deeply subcritical situations to deserve testing in an applications environment. They have a good chance of detecting changes in reactivity that are potentially dangerous. One can expect sharpest results when doing comparisons, i.e., when comparing two records, one taken in the past under circumstances known to be normal and one taken now to search for change.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Incomplete convergence in numerical simulation such as computational physics simulations and/or Monte Carlo simulations can enter into the calculation of the objective function in an optimization problem, producing noise, bias, and topo- graphical inaccuracy in the objective function. These affect accuracy and convergence rate in the optimization problem. This paper is concerned with global searching of a diverse parameter space, graduating to accelerated local convergence to a (hopefully) global optimum, in a framework that acknowledges convergence uncertainty and manages model resolu- tion to efficiently reduce uncertainty in the final optimum. In its own right, the global-to-local optimization engine employed here (devised for noise tolerance) performs better than other classical and contemporary optimization approaches tried individually and in combination on the "industrial" test problem to be presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper reports the results of the studies performed at the Electric Research Center of ENEL (Italian National Electricity Board) in the field of compacting high voltage transmission lines, from the point of view of dielectric and corona noise constraints. The results of switching impulse withstand voltage tests, performed on typical compact line insulation configurations, are given and optimization criteria of such insulation configurations in relation to switching impulse are outlined. The constraints regarding surface withstand voltage in polluted conditions of the above insulations are analyzed and the possibility of reducing their dimensions by using unconventional insulation materials is considered. Finally, evaluations of corona noise in the case of optimization of the line encumbrance from the point of view of dielectric constraints are given.

CERN Document Server

A possibility of geophysical measurements using the large scale laser interferometrical gravitational wave antenna is discussed. An interferometer with suspended mirrors can be used as a gradiometer measuring variations of an angle between gravity force vectors acting on the spatially separated suspensions. We analyze restrictions imposed by the atmospheric noises on feasibility of such measurements. Two models of the atmosphere are invoked: a quiet atmosphere with a hydrostatic coupling of pressure and density and a dynamic model of moving region of the density anomaly (cyclone). Both models lead to similar conclusions up to numerical factors. Besides the hydrostatic approximation, we use a model of turbulent atmosphere with the pressure fluctuation spectrum f^{-7/3} to explore the Newtonian noise in a higher frequency domain (up to 10 Hz) predicting the gravitational noise background for modern gravitational wave ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A high pressure waterjet has been used to study the surface roughening of superalloys as preparation for thermal spraying. Designed experiments for Mar-M 509 and Rene 80 were carried out for the effects of jet pressure and mass of water delivered per unit area. Comparisons were made of several superalloys in terms of erosion, surface roughness and topology. The mechanism of jet erosion of Rene 80 was studied in relation to its metallurgical microstructure. An MCrAlY coating by shrouded plasma spray was made over a waterjet prepared surface with excellent bonding and having an ideally clean interface.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The deuterium inventory at JET after 2001-2004 operational campaign has been determined using nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). A full poloidal set of divertor tiles and a set of outer poloidal limiter (OPL) tiles were analysed providing an estimation for the total deuterium retention of about 66 g. Deuterium is trapped mainly at the inner divertor on horizontal target tile and at the inner divertor louvre area where ?60% of the trapped D is found. The long-term D retention is ?4% of the total D input.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The uranium target of a gas jet transport system for fission products has been modified by the addition of an aluminum cover foil. The new modification allows fission fragments of low mass to enter a continuous chemistry system while heavier fragments are stopped in the aluminum. The elimination of the heavier homologues allows development of simpler and faster chemical separation procedures. In addition, since the lighter fragments are slowed down by the cover foil a smaller target chamber can be used. This leads to a reduction in system holdup time. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

The objective of the program was to develop a domestic cooktop with low-NOx emissions and high efficiency. During the first two phases of the program, three design concepts were developed, and two versions of developmental prototypes using the IR-Jet approach were fabricated and tested. The third phase was initiated to address the design issues of a simmer setting, air/gas metering, and jet plate durability and to develop prototypes for interested manufacturers.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The inelastic scattering of the beam and the residual gas molecules in RHIC could represent one of the limitations on the beam life time and emittance growth. This report covers the dominant central nuclear collisions influence on the beam lifetime and transverse emittance growth. The cross sections for the beam-gas electron radiative captures are an order of magnitude smaller. The capture cross sections include the radiative and non-radiative capture, and the capture from the electron-positron pair creation from the 'vacuum capture'.

Science.gov (United States)

This paper explores effects of differential diffusion in nonpremixed turbulent jet flames. Pulsed Raman scattering spectroscopy is used to measure temperature and species concentrations in chemically reacting jets of H{sub 2}/CO{sub 2} into air, over a range of jet Reynolds numbers from 1,000 to 30,000 based on cold jet fluid properties. Results show significant effects of differential diffusion at all jet Reynolds numbers considered. Differential diffusion between H{sub 2} and C0{sub 2} produces differences between the hydrogen element mixture fraction ({xi}{sub H}) and the carbon element mixture fraction ({xi}{sub c}). The greatest effects occur on the rich side of stoichiometric, where {xi}{sub H} is observed to be smaller than {xi}{sub C} at all Reynolds numbers. Differential diffusion between H{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O creates a net flux of hydrogen element toward the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An original dc double anode plasma torch which provides a long-time and highly stable atmospheric plasma jet has been devised for the purpose of hazardous waste treatment. The arc fluctuations and dynamic behaviour of the argon and argon-nitrogen plasma jets under different operating conditions have been investigated by means of classical tools, such as the statistic method, fast Fourier transform (FFT) and correlation analysis. In our experiments, the takeover mode is identified as the fluctuation characteristic of the argon plasma jet while the restrike mode is typical in the argon-nitrogen plasma dynamic behaviour. In the case of pure argon, the FFT and correlation calculation results of electrical signals exhibit the only characteristic frequency of 150 Hz, which originates from the torch power and is independent of any change in the operating conditions. It indicates that the nature of fluctuations in an argon plasma ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Synthetic gene networks can be used to control gene expression and cellular phenotypes in a variety of applications. In many instances, however, such networks can behave unreliably due to gene expression...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Quartz has a dissipation factor of approximately 10(-4), which is an order of magnitude less than that of the best glasses previously used to fabricate patch pipettes; it's dielectric constant of 3.8...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A robust technique for determining the principal axes of a 3D shape represented by a point set, possibly with noise, is presented. We use techniques from robust statistics to guide the classical...Full Text Available

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

The sources of non-white noise in Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are many. Familiar sources include low-frequency drift due to hardware imperfections, oscillatory noise due to respiration and cardiac pulsation and residual movement artefacts not accounted for by rigid body registration. These contributions give rise to temporal autocorrelation in the residuals of the fMRI signal and invalidate the statistical analysis as the errors are no longer independent. The low-frequency drift is often removed by high-pass filtering, and other effects are typically modelled as an autoregressive (AR) process. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach: Nuisance Variable Regression (NVR). By inclusion of confounding effects in a general linear model (GLM), we first confirm that the spatial distribution of the various fMRI noise sources is similar to what has already been ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Scatter correction is crucial to the quality of reconstructed images in x-ray cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Most of existing scatter correction methods assume smooth scatter distributions. The...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A comparitive analysis is made of the principal characteristics of narrow-band and conventional semiconductor light amplifiers. It is shown that quasi-distributed filtering of the spontaneous radiation ensures a high gain and a low level of the spontaneous noise at the amplifier output.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The report deals with the energy consumption of traffic and its emissions of hazardous substances into the air, and stresses the advantages of the electric car with respect to energy consumption and noise generation. 5 figs., 3 refs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Low kVp settings provide high conspicuity of contrast materials at CT but may result in high image noise, particularly in larger patients. Material decomposition at dual energy CT can differentiate...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The susceptibility to pitting corrosion of AA2024-T4, AA7075-T651 and AA7475-T761 aluminium alloys was investigated in aqueous neutral chloride solution for the purpose of comparison using electrochemical noise measurement. The experimentally measured electrochemical noises were analysed based upon the combined stochastic theory and shot-noise theory using the Weibull distribution function. From the occurrence of two linear regions on one Weibull probability plot, it was suggested that there existed two stochastic processes of uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion; pitting corrosion was distinguished from uniform corrosion in terms of the frequency of events in the stochastic analysis. Accordingly, the present analysis method allowed us to investigate pitting corrosion independently. The susceptibility to pitting corrosion was appropriately evaluated by determining pit embryo formation rate in the stochastic analysis. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A method for determining the reactivity of subcritical systems of fissile material, using neutron-noise power spectral density measurements in conjunction with a /sup 252/Cf source, has been tested in experiments with an aqueous solution containing uranium fluoride (4.95 wt% /sup 235/U). The kappasub(eff)-values obtained from the ratio of spectral densities G*/sub 12/G/sub 13//G/sub 11/G/sub 23/ agreed with those from break-frequency noise analysis and with bias-corrected transport theory calculations within the statistical uncertainty of the measurements. Corrections for the effects of spatial modes and source-detector locations appear to be well-understood, since measurements for a variety of source-detector positions resulted in essentially the same kappasub(eff)-values. Modal correction factors were such that ignoring them would result in higher values of kappasub(eff) than actually occur. The measurements have demonstrated the ...

Science.gov (United States)

An ascending node occurs when the subsatellite point crosses the earth's equator going from .... 11dB sigma-naught. This error budget includes the altimeter noise, ...... it is also recommended to filter the data as follows to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The synchronous orbit performance of Hughes Aircraft Company solar arrays is presented and compared with the results of ground based predictions for orbital durations of almost 11 years. Performances of the Intelsat IV*, IVA*, and Telesat (Anik) solar arrays are detailed. This paper is an update of the in-orbit performances previously reported in 1976 (1). The in-space performance data indicate solar array power degradation of 16.7 percent for Intelsat IV F-2 after 130 months in orbit, and 13.0 percent for Telesat F-1 after 85 months in orbit. The predicted output of each of these solar arrays is within 2 percent of the actual in-orbit performance of these systems. The Intelsat IV F-2 experienced the 4 August 1972 solar flare. The ability to accurately predict the performance of solar arrays within telemetry accuracy is demonstrated. This ability combines the electrical measurements of a solar array in the ''as built'' ...