Complete major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene sequences of benign Theileria parasites were isolated from ticks of grazing cattle in Korea. A total of 556 tick samples were collected in five provinces: Chungbuk, Jeonbuk, Jeonnam, Gyeongbuk, and Jeju during 2010-2011. Fifteen samples from Chungbuk and Jeonnam were positive for the Theileria MPSP gene by PCR amplification using a specific primer set. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with the amplified gene sequences and 26 additional sequences published in GenBank. The benign Theileria parasites were classified into eight types, those isolated from Korean cattle ticks belonged to Types 1 (Ikeda), 2 (Chitose), 4, and 8. Types 2 and 4 were the most common types, with the rate of 40%, followed by Types 1 and 8 (with the rate of 13% and 7%, respectively). Nucleotide sequence identities of 23 theilerial MPSP sequences (15 MPSP gene sequences amplified and 8 sequences published) ranged from 67.3 to 99.8%. Multiple alignments of the deduced amino acid sequences also showed that each type was characterized by specific amino acids: 7 for Type 1, 9 for Type 2, 4 for Type 4, and 3 for Type 8. PMID:22647464

Research progress for 1979-1980 is reported. Projects discussed include the process of radiation-induced repair, Weigle-reactivation, induced radioresistance, the induction of the recA gene product, uv mutagenesis, and the induction of lambda. (ACR)

A review on the application of radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits in Hungary is given. In 1979-1980 more than 100000 RIA determinations were carried out, still not enough to satisfy the demand. In 1981 the following RIA kits were available in Hungary: triiodothyronine, insulin, insulin antibody, thyroxine and the HPL. Estriol kits were in the last stage of development. All the other RIA kits were imported from western countries. The paper presents a reasonable program for the future development in this field.

Mineral surveys done in 1979-1980 in the Big Sandy, West Elliotts Creek, and Reed Brake Roadless Areas, Alabama, indicate that the areas have little promise for the occurrence of metallic mineral resources. The three areas, however, have a probable potential for oil or gas. Probable coal resource potential exists in the Big Sandy and the West Elliotts Creek Roadless Areas. Clay and abundant sand resources occur in the roadless areas. Clayey sand has been used to stabilize USFS roads and in road grade construction. The clay and sand have little value as mineral resources because these commodities are abundant elsewhere in the region.

In 1979-1980, breams caught between Schnackenburg and Glueckstadt were analyzed for heavy metals and chlorinated hydrocarbons. After the German unification, the analyses were extended to further sections of the river. The report presents the results. [German] In den Jahren 1979-1980 wurden Brassen zwischen Schnackenburg und Glueckstadt fuer eine gezielte Analyse auf verschiedene Schwermetalle und Chlorkohlenwasserstoffe gefangen. Vorrangiges Ziel der damaligen ARGE-ELBE-Untersuchung war die Eignung des Weissfisches als Bioindikator zur Darstellung der Schadstoffbelastung in der Elbe. Nach der Wiedervereinigung wurde ein weiteres Sondermessprogramm mit dem Brassen durchgefuehrt. Der Brassen wurde an 10 Fangplaetzen im bundesdeutschen Elbelaengsschnitt 1994 befischt: An zwei Stationen in der Oberen Elbe, an drei Fangstellen in der Mittelelbe und an fuenf Fangorten in der Tideelbe. Die Befunde wurden hinsichtlich regionaler Belastung und Vermarktungsfaehigkeit dargestellt. In dem vorliegenden Bericht werden ausnahmslos die Schadstoffgehalte der Brassenfaenge der Elbe des Jahres 1994 ausgewertet. Zur Festlegung der Hintergrundbelastung (Referenzstandard) des Bewertungssystems wurden Brassen aus voraussichtlich gering belasteten Gewaessern beruecksichtigt. Ziel der Datenauswertung ist eine Klassifizierung, welche die regionalspezifische Kontamination im Muskelfleisch der Elbe-Brassen widerspiegelt. (orig.)

The use of satellite passive microwave observations for the detection of severe thunderstorms is investigated. Nimbus 7 SMMR data obtained from 1979 to 1980 over the U.S. east of 105 deg W are analyzed. The relative temperature brightnesses of the severe storms are examined; it is observed that temperature brightness decreases as the storm severity increases. The temperature brightness data were transformed into a quantitative measure of storm detection ability using the critical success index of Donaldson et al. (1975). Critical success indices of 0.32, 0.48, and 0.38 were obtained for the low-brightness-temperature thresholding of severe versus nonsevere storms during 1979, 1980, and 1979 and 1980 combined, respectively. The data reveal that the geostationary passive microwave imaging capability at 37 GHz is applicable to the detection and monitoring of severe convective storms.

According to M.J. Rhoad of the International Institute of Synthetic Rubber Producers Inc., the total U.S. and Canadian natural and synthetic rubber consumption will amount to (in thousands of metric tons/yr) 3385, 3305, 3855, and 4295 for 1979, 1980, 1985, and 1990, respectively, with synthetic rubber use increasing from an estimated 2.54 million metric tons/yr in 1979 to 3.27 million metric tons/yr by 1990, including an increase from 2.35 to 3.02 million metric tons/yr for the U.S. Rubber consumption for tires and tire products in the U.S. will increase at 2%/yr, with synthetic rubber accounting for 61.9% of the rubber used for tires in 1990, down from the 63.4% in 1979. In 1980, the decline in automobile and tire production will cause a 2.4% decline in new rubber consumption. During 1979-90, the amount of rubber used for nontire purposes will increase at 2.5%/yr.

In this study the early evolution and potential origins of canine parvovirus (CPV) were examined. We cloned and sequenced the VP2 capsid protein genes of three German CPV strains isolated in 1979-1980, as well as two feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) vaccine viruses that were previously shown to have some restriction enzyme cleavage sites in common with CPV. Other partial VP2 gene sequences were obtained by amplifying CPV DNA from paraffin-embedded tissues of dogs which were early parvovirus disease cases in Germany in 1978-1979. Sequences were analysed with respect to their evolutionary relationships to other CPV and FPV isolates. Those analyses did not support the hypothesis that CPV emerged as a variant of an FPV vaccine virus. Neither did they reveal ancestral sequences among the very early CPV isolates examined. Other possible sources for the origin of CPV are examined, including the involvement of viruses from wild carnivores. PMID:9603330

The polychaete community associated with holdfasts of the brown alga Himantothallus grandifolius in Admiralty Bay has been studied. It is the first study of its kind in this area and only the second in the Antarctic. Samples were collected in the summer season of 1979/1980 from a depth range of 10?75?m. Seventy-eight species were found on 19 holdfasts. The community was dominated by Brania rhopalophora and Neanthes kerguelensis. Analysis of similarity showed that polychaete fauna associated with this habitat did not show any partitioning related to depth. Regression analysis showed that densities of both species and individuals decreased with increased holdfast volume. A positive correlation was found between the number of individuals and holdfast volume. Polychaetes from 10 feeding guilds...

In 1978 reconstruction was begun on the runway of the Lebanon Regional Airport, Lebanon, New Hampshire. The runway had experienced severe differential frost heaving and cracking during the previous three winters, which had resulted in closure of the facility during periods of extreme roughness. Temperature sensors were placed within the newly constructed pavement sections, and during the winters of 1979, 1980, and 1982 temperature data were recorded, and level surveys and repeated plate bearing tests were performed in order to provide data for the investigation. The three pavement sections were constructed to investigate the effect of section thickness on the level of frost protection provided. The sections consisted of 4 in. of asphalt concrete, 6 in. of crushed gravel and 22,30 dn 38 in. of well-graded sand subbase material. The 48-in section provided the highest level of frost protection to the subgrade. However, all three pavement sections maintained resilient stiffness values during the spring thaw period on the order of two to three times that of the pavement before reconstruction. Also, frost heave in all sections was reduced to levels that would not cause difficulty for aircraft using the facility.

The severe weather characteristics of convective storms as observed by the Nimbus 7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) are investigated. Low 37 GHz brightness temperatures (due to scattering of upwelling radiation by precipitation size ice) are related to the occurrence of severe weather (large hail, strong winds or wind damage, tornadoes and funnel clouds) within one hour of the satellite observation time. During 1979 and 1980 over the United States there were 263 storms which had very cold 37 GHz signatures. Of these storms 15% were severe. The SMMR detected hail, wind, and tornadic storms equally well. Critical Success Indices (CSI's) of 0.32, 0.48, and 0.38 are achieved for the thresholding of severe vs. nonsevere low brightness temperature events during 1979, 1980, and the two years combined, respectively. Such scores are comparable to skill scores for early radar detection methods. These results suggest that a future geostationary passive microwave imaging capability at 37 GHz, with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution, would allow the detection of severe convective storms. This capability would provide a useful complement to radar, especially in areas not covered by radar.

Despite Acute Insomnia being classified as a distinct nosological entity since 1979/1980 (ASDC/DSM III-R), there are no published estimates of its prevalence and incidence or data regarding transition to chronic insomnia or remission. This lack of data prevents an understanding of: a) the pathogenesis of insomnia and b) when and how treatment should be initiated. The aim of the present study was to provide such data from two community samples. Samples were recruited in the USA (n = 2861) and the North East of the UK (n = 1095). Additionally, 412 Normal Sleepers from the UK sample were surveyed longitudinally to determine prospectively incidence, transition, and remission rates for acute insomnia and assess whether the acute insomnia was a first episode, recurrent episode, or co-morbid with symptoms of other illnesses. The prevalence of acute insomnia was 9.5% (USA) and 7.9%(UK). The prevalence of three acute insomnia subtypes in the UK were; First-Onset Acute Insomnia 2.6%; Recurrent Acute Insomnia 3.8%; and 1.4% Co-morbid Acute Insomnia. The annual incidence of acute insomnia in the UK sample was between 31.2% and 36.6%. Remission rates fluctuated depending upon the definition of acute insomnia and whether the current episode was first-onset or recurrent. These findings provide preliminary insights into the natural history of insomnia. Such data will serve to inform how and when acute insomnia should be managed and whether such interventions may serve to diminish subsequent morbidity, particularly with respect to Major Depression. PMID:22800714

This collection consists of analyses based on data from the 1979, 1980, and 1981 National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth Labor Market Experience. In a paper entitled "A Description of Employed and Unemployed Youth in 1981," Michael E. Borus describes employed, unemployed, and discouraged workers between the ages of 16 and 21. Next, Tom K. Pollard examines changes in employment means and distributions in his article "Changes Over the 1970s in the Employment Patterns of Black and White Young Men." Discussed in an article by Michael E. Borus and Susan A. Carpenter entitled "Choices in Education" are the issues of dropouts, dropouts returning to school, and students going directly to college. William R. Morgan examines sector differences in quantity versus quality of schooling in his article entitled "Quantity of Learning and Quality of Life for Public and Private High School Youth." The next article, "The Economic Value of Academic and Vocational Training Acquired in High School" by Russell W. Rumberger and Thomas N. Daymont, compares the two types of training and examines their effects on labor market outcomes. Concluding the collection are an article by Ronald D'Amico entitled "The Time-Use Behavior of Young Adults" and an article by Joan E. Crowley entitled "Delinquency and Employment." (MN)

Enrollments for undergraduate and graduate majors in California are examined and compared to national trends. Information is provided on changes in degrees awarded by field of study in the nation from 1960-1961 to 1979-1980 and in California from 1976-1977 through 1980-1981. Using data from the Higher Education General Information Survey, changes are reported in student interest as reflected in percentage changes among general fields of study and market shares of each of these fields. Attention is also directed to: absolute numbers of degrees awarded and percentage changes in specific disciplines within the University of California and California State University campuses; and changes in the interests of men and women, ethnic minorities, and foreign students. Changes in degrees are compared to changes in enrollments among major fields and the implications of the changes for institutional planning are considered. The effects of these changes in student demand on departmental, institutional, and segmental planning and management are also discussed. Appendices provide detailed information on changes in student degree patterns by discipline, sex, ethnicity, and segment. (Author/SW)

The gamma-ray spectrometer on the Solar Maximum Mission Satellite has detected a line near 1.81 MeV with a significance of >5 sigma in each of 3 yr when the Galactic center traversed the broad aperture of the instrument in 1980, 1981, and 1982. There was no significant variation in intensity from year to year. The Galactic center/anticenter intensity ratio is >2.5, and the center of the emission is consistent with the location of the Galactic center. The distribution could not be measured well enough to distinguish between candidate sources, e.g., novae, supernovae, red giants, and massive stars. For an assumed source distribution which follows the >100 MeV Galactic gamma radiation, the total flux measured in the direction of the Galactic center is (4.0 +- 0.4) x 10/sup -4/ ..gamma..(cm/sup 2/ s rad)/sup -1/. The measured energy of the line is 1.804 +- 0.004 MeV. These measurements are consistent with the detection of a narrow ..gamma..-ray line from interstellar /sup 26/Al by HEAO 3 in 1979/1980.

McCulloch and Wasserburg (1978) have reported nonlinear isotopic anomalies in barium for two Ca-Al-rich inclusions of the Allende carbonaceous chondrite, known as EK-1-4-1 and C-1. In an attempt to account for these anomalies, it has been proposed that Ba from an r-process of nucleosynthesis, containing Ba-135 and Ba-137, was injected into the primeval color system but was not totally homogenized. Questions arise in connection with the relations of Xe isotopes in carbonaceous chondrites. This has prompted Heymann and Dziczkaniec (1979, 1980, 1981) to study the formation of r-Xe, r-Kr, and r-Te by the mini r-process which is thought to occur in the O, Ne-rich shells of Type II supernovae. Lee et al. (1979) have studied the formation of r-Ba, r-Nd, and r-Sm by the same process. Certain differences regarding the approaches used by Lee et al. and by Heymann and Dziczkaniec make it necessary to restudy the work of Lee et al. Attention is given to the survival probabilities of nuclear species of interest, taking into accounts the elements Cs, Ba, I, and Xe.

Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) may be a manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS) and was reported to be more common among Japanese MS patients than in Caucasian MS patients. Recently there are arguments whether clinical manifestations of MS may have changed. Therefore, we studied the frequency of ATM in MS and the clinical subtypes of MS in 86 clinically definite MS patients whose onsets were in 1970-1979, 1980-1989, and 1990-1998 in Sendai City, Japan. Fifty-six of the patients were women and 30 were men. Forty-four patients had the conventional form of MS (C-MS) commonly seen in Western countries, and 42 had optic-spinal or spinal forms of MS (OSS-MS). Twenty MS patients had ATM, and all of them were belong to optic-spinal form of MS. ATM was not seen in any cases of C-MS. The mean onset age (years) of the clinical subtypes was 25.5 in C-MS, 34.1 in OSS-MS without ATM, and 30.9 in OSS-MS with ATM. Among the patients whose onset of the disease was in 1970-1979, 60.0% of them were cases of OSS-MS with ATM, but such cases were markedly decreased to 5.3% in 1990-1998. In contrast, the frequency of C-MS increased to 63.2% in 1990-1998 compared with 20.0% in 1970-1979. Analysis of the data by the year of birth of the patients showed similar results. Our data suggest that the frequency of ATM in MS markedly decreased, and that of C-MS increased during the last 30 years in Sendai, Japan. Since the genetic background of Japanese has not changed, some exogenous factors, such as food, infectious microorganisms, and chemicals in our environment, may be responsible for the change.   

Phanerozoic bauxite provinces are contoured and characterized. The relations to large tectonic units—ancient and young platforms, island arcs and foldbelts, active continental margins, etc.—are chosen as the major criterion for the recognition of bauxite provinces; 19 provinces of different age and conditions of bauxite deposition are described. Single- and multistage as well as single- and multilevel provinces are distinguished depending on the type of tectonic and geomorphic structure. The most productive bauxite provinces are located in the present-day tropical zone within ancient Gondwanan platforms. Three-level provinces with Cretaceous bauxite at the highest and oldest (post-Gondwanan) surface and Cenozoic deposits at lower and younger planation surfaces are predominant. The most complex, two- and three-stage and multilevel provinces are related to ancient fold regions. The single-level provinces are localized in young island arcs and oceanic islands. The prevalent genetic types of bauxite deposits—lateritic, sedimentary, and karst—are shown in the map of bauxite provinces.

Review of the specimens assigned to Scelidotheriinae (Phyllophaga, Xenarthra) from the Ensenadan-Lujanian Stage/Ages of Argentina, showed that two genera are recognized for this territory: Scelidotherium (Owen) and Scelidodon (Ameghino), with the following species: Scelidotherium bravardi (Lydekker), for the Ensenadan Stage/Age (Early Pleistocene to Early-Middle Pleistocene), restricted to Buenos Aires Province, and the Pleistocene of San Luis Province; Scelidotherium leptocephalum (Owen), for the Bonaerian-Lujanian Stage/Ages (Middle Pleistocene-Early Holocene), of the Buenos Aires Province, in the Lujanian Stage/Age of Salta and Cordoba Provinces; Scelidotherium sp. for the Lujanian Stage/Age of Corrientes Province, Bonaerian-Lujanian Stage/Ages of Chaco Province; Scelidodon tarijensis (...

Parasitological and sero-epidemiological surveys for human paragonimiasis were conducted in three provinces of Viet Nam. A total of 590 participants from two known endemic areas of human paragonimiasis (Sinho district of Laichau province and Lucyen district of Yenbai province) and from Dakrong district of Quangtri province where we recently found crab hosts heavily infected with Paragonimus westermani metacercariae. By multiple dot-ELISA screening, 28 (12.7%) out of 220 participants in Sinho district of Laichau province and 4 (3.3%) out of 120 participants in Lucyen district of Yenbai province were proven to be antibody-positive against the Paragonimus antigen. None of the 250 sera of the residents in Dakrong, Quangtri province, gave sero-positivity. Among a total of 32 sero-positive patie...

This paper analyses the productive efficiency of 141 public hospitals from 1998-2004 in two Canadian provinces; one a small province with a few small cities and a generally more rural population and the other a large province that is more urban in nature, with a population who mainly live in large cities. The relative efficiencies of the hospitals, the changes in productivity during this time period, and the relationship between efficiency and the size or scale of the hospitals are investigated using data envelopment analysis. The models for the production of health care use case mix adjusted hospital discharges as the output, and nursing hours as inputs. We find clear differences between the two provinces. Making use of ‘own’ and ‘meta’ technical efficiency frontiers, we demonstrate that efficient units in the larger and more urban province are larger than non-efficient units in that province. However, efficient hospitals in the smaller and more rural province are smaller than non-efficient hospitals inthat province. Overall, efficient hospitals in the larger more urban province are larger than efficient hospitals in the smaller more rural province. This has interesting policy implications - different hospitals may have different optimal sizes, or different efficient modes of operation, depending on location, the population they serve, and the policies their respective provincial governments wish to implement. In addition, there are lessons to be learned by comparing the hospitals across the two provinces, since the inefficient hospitals in the small rural province predominantly use hospitals from the large urban province as benchmarks, such that substantially larger improvement potential can be identified by inter-provincial rather than intra-provincial benchmarking analysis.

The Rengali Province in northern Orissa, India is a distinct lithological, structural and metamorphic belt bound by major shear zones between the Singhbhum Province and the northern Eastern Ghats Belt and the NE part of the Bhandara Province. The Rengali Province comprises an amphibolite facies sequence of intercalated basement gneiss and meta-volcanosedimentary lithologies. Deformation is characterised by a variation in strain from relatively low for much of the central and NE part of the belt to a strongly deformed zone south of the intra-province Riamal Shear Zone. Geochronological constraints suggest dextral displacement along the bounding Kerajang and Barakot Shear Zones occurred prior to ca. 980 Ma and D-2 Within the Eastern Ghats Belt, and post the Meso-Neoproterozoic metamorphism within the Sausar and Gangpur Groups, which may have once represented a single contiguous belt. Deformation associated with the dextral displacement of the Singhbhum Province relative to the Bhandara Province resolved the Rengali Province as a distinct and comparatively high-strain belt which accommodated large-scale dextral shearing at amphibolite facies conditions. Progressive shearing and later reactivation associated with late retrogression was confined to the southern margin of the Rengali Province along the Kerajang Fault Zone. The latest brittle reactivation along the Kerajang Fault Zone deforms the Ib River and Talchir Permo-Triassic coal sequences.

Irrational exploitation and utility of resources and extensive economic growth have become the primary causes of deterioration of ecological environment in many provinces in China. Ecological environment deterioration necessitates ecological zoning and planning in order to regulate human activities and guide the sustainable use of resources and ecological services. Eco-environmental sensitivity assessment is a basis upon which the establishment of rational zoning and planning rests. This research focused on evaluating the eco-environmental sensitivity in Anhui province, a typical province confronted with contradiction between socio-economic development and resource restriction. A multifactor assessment approach to zoning the eco-environmental sensitivity for the province in complex ecologi...

Qinghai Province is an important component of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Scientific evaluation of the suitability of Qinghai?s climate for tourism can contribute to overcoming obstacles posed by climate on sustainable tourism development in Qinghai Province, including disparities between the low and high seasons, high altitude health concerns, and weather events. A tourism climate suitability evaluation model of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is constructed (Tourism Climate Suitability Index, or TCSI), and tourism climate suitability is comprehensively evaluated for Qinghai Province from climate data from 1960 to 2009. Results show that: (I) There is clear distributional characteristics of spatial-temporal variability of TCSI values in Qinghai Province. (II) Tourism climate suitability...

ABSTRACT Aim Although patterns are emerging for macroorganisms, we have limited understanding of the factors determining soil microbial community composition and productivity at large spatial extents. The overall objective of this study was to discern the drivers of microbial community composition at the extent of biogeographical provinces and regions. We hypothesized that factors associated with land use and climate would drive soil microbial community composition and biomass. Location Great Basin Province, Desert Province and California Floristic Province, California, USA. Methods Using phospholipid fatty acid analysis, we compared microbial communities across eight land-use types sampled throughout the State of California, USA (n= 1117). Results The main factor driving composition and m...

From February through April 2007, avian influenza (H5N1) was confirmed in poultry in 4 of 34 Afghan provinces. A survey conducted in 2 affected and 3 unaffected provinces found that greater knowledge about reducing exposure was associated with higher socioeconomic status, residence in affected provi...

The province of Lodi is located in northern Italy on the Po River plain, where high background levels of air pollutants are prevalent. Lodi province is characterized by intensive agriculture, notably animal husbandry. This paper assesses indoor levels of selected airborne pollutants in 60 homes in t...

The southern Indian shield consists of three major tectonic provinces viz., (1) Dharwar Craton, (2) Eastern Ghat Mobile Belt, and (3) Pandyan Mobile Belt. An understanding of their mutual relations is crucial for formulating crustal evolution models. The tectonic evolution of these provinces is summarized.

Two oil-gas provinces are present in East Siberia: the Lena-Tunguska in the central, southern, and western parts, and the Khatanga-Viluy along the northern and eastern margins. The provinces developed as rift-sag features in late Proterozoic and Paleozoic time. The identified oil and gas deposits of the Lena-Tunguska province appear to be associated with a Proterozoic rift that extends east-northeast across the southern part of the basin. These deposits are in upper Proterozoic and Cambrian sandstones and carbonate rocks, sealed by Cambrian salt and argillites. The oil and gas deposits of the Khatanga-Vilyuy province are within foreland downwarps that developed in connection with docking of crustal plates during the Mesozoic: during the Triassic on the north and during the Cretaceous on the east. The source of the petroleum in the immature rocks of the southeastern Lena-Tunguska province is uncertain, perhaps being derived from rocks in a downwarp to the south or from source beds that are now beneath a conjectured thrust sheet. This province has both oil and gas pools, but is gas prone in general. The source beds for the Khatanga-Vilyuy province are Permian and Mesozoic in age; the province is gas prone. More than 40 oil and gas fields have now been discovered in East Siberia.

Son La province is located in mountainous north-western Vietnam and belongs to the poorest regions of the country. In the valleys of this province, fish farming is one of the major activities among farmers who belong to the ethnic Black Thai minority. Up until now, the aquaculture system practiced h...

Objective. To determine the most effective and biodegradable dispersant of spilled oil in water surrounding two Persian Gulf provinces. Methods. This study compared the effects of three dispersants, Pars 1, Pars 2, and Gamlen OD4000 on removal of oil in two Persian Gulf provinces' water. Overall, 1...

The Rogaland Anorthosite Province in southwest Norway is well known for its many ilmenite deposits, of which Tellnes is at present the only one in product- ion In addition to ilmenite, the province carries a significant potential for apatite and vanadium-rich magnetite occurring in the layered serie...

Description of Perigona (Neoperigona) belloi n. sp., a microphthalmous species that lives in the Andes of Ecuador (Cerro Blanco, Pichincha province and Mojanda, Imbabura province), in leaf litter, in the transition zone between the high montane forest and the lower shrub paramo.

The female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) kuvangkadilokae Pramual and Tangkawanit, 2008 is described for the first time on the basis of specimens collected at Tad Yai Waterfall (the type locality) in Amnat Charoen Province and at Huai Yang, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand. The male, pupa and larva of this species are also redescribed.   

A retrospective chart review of 4,925 human African trypanosomiasis patients treated with melarsoprol in 2001-2003 in Equateur Nord Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo showed a treatment failure rate of 19.5%. This rate increased over the 3 years. Relapse rates were highest in the central part of the province. PMID:18507916

The Magellan mound province is one of the three known provinces of carbonate mounds or cold-water coral banks in the Porcupine Seabight, west of Ireland. It has been studied in detail using a large and varied data set: 2D and 3D seismic data, sidescan sonar imagery and video data collected during RO...

Abstract During 2006 and 2007, a total of 64 Thai dried coffee bean samples (Coffea arabica) from two growing sites of Chiangmai Province, and 32 Thai dried coffee bean samples (Coffea canephora) from two growing sites of Chumporn Province, Thailand, were collected and assessed for fumonisin...

The Emeishan large igneous province in the western Yangtze Block was resulted from a mantle plume at end of the Middle Permian. Four super-large V-Ti-magnetite deposits and 10 large-medium Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits have been explored in the Emeishan large igneous province. Precise age data indica...

The Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS ) on board Indian Remote Sensing Satellite IRS- P6, that is Resourcesat-1, provides very high quality images, which are useful for regional geomorphological analysis and natural resources surveys. Though Resourcesat-1 has medium spatial resolution of 56 mt, but by virtue of its high degree of radiometric quantization of ten bits, clarity of the terrain features is remarkably good, which is sometimes comparable to the LISS-3 sensor of the same satellite, having 23.5 mt spatial resolution. Such clarity of the terrain features help analysing the regional geomorphology of the country. An over all analysis of the mosaic of AWiFS images of the Indian terrain has clearly brought out the several distinct regional geomorphological features of the country, each related to the different kinds of natural resources domain. Keeping in view the various types of image as well as terrain signatures, the country is grouped into seven distinct geomorphological provinces, such as, ridge-valley, plateau, piedmont, alluvial plain, deltaic plain, coastal plain and aeolian plain provinces. These provinces are further sub-divided into different sub-provinces and geomorphic units. For example, considering the complexity of the fluvio-deltaic processes, deltaic plain province is further sub-divided into Ganga, Subarnarekha, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Cauvery deltaic plains sub-provinces from eastern to southern sides of the country respectably. Similar groupings or classifications have been made for other provinces also. Each sub-provinces are further sub-divided into different geomorphic units. For example, Ganga deltaic plain subprovince is divided into two geomorphic units, namely, upper or older and lower or younger deltaic plains. After the geomorphological analysis, natural resources domain integration with the different geomorphological provinces together with various sub-provinces and geomorphic units has been carried out. It has been observed that in the ridge-valley province, ridges have the forest resources, where as the valleys are utilised for the agricultural purposes. From the ground water point of view, ridges are mostly run-off zones, where as the valleys have the better ground water potential. Alluvial plain and deltaic plain provinces have the best ground water potential, and are maximum utilised for the agricultural purposes. Potential mineral resources occur in the Deccan Plateau sub-province, Eastern Ghat and Aravalli ridge-valley sub-provinces. In this process, all the geomorphic units of the entire country are evaluated for the natural resources, using mosaic of AWiFS images.

The objective of this study was to investigate the geographical origin of Chinese teas using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio technology. The results showed that inter-provincial dispersion of teas in Guangdong (GD), Guangxi (GX), Hainan (HA), Fujian (FJ), Shandong (SD), Sichuan (SC), Chongqing (CQ), and Henan (HN) provinces was high, while in Zhejiang (ZJ), Hubei (HB), Yunnan (YN), and Anhui (AH) provinces, it was low. Tea samples from GD, GX, HA, and FJ provinces were clustered in one group and separated from those from AH and HB provinces. Thus, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio technology could discriminate teas from among some provinces of China, but not from among others. Better separation might be obtained with a combination of isotopic ratios and other indexes, such as elemental data and organic components.

A novel modeling method is presented for indexing and normalizing natural gas endowments of petroleum provinces. The approach is demonstrated with data from Canada, the Unites States, and Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. A variable shape distribution model (VSD) is used to fit the conventional natural gas endowment published by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for 29 provinces in LAC countries and 85 provinces in Canada and the United States. These data are indexed and normalized to generate curves showing number of provinces versus normalized endowments. Results are compared with normalized endowments from provinces in other regions around the world, including Europe, Asia Pacific, the Middle East, North Africa, and the former Soviet Union (FSU). The comparison give...

The objective of this study was to investigate the geographical origin of Chinese teas using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio technology. The results showed that inter-provincial dispersion of teas in Guangdong (GD), Guangxi (GX), Hainan (HA), Fujian (FJ), Shandong (SD), Sichuan (SC), Chongqing (CQ), and Henan (HN) provinces was high, while in Zhejiang (ZJ), Hubei (HB), Yunnan (YN), and Anhui (AH) provinces, it was low. Tea samples from GD, GX, HA, and FJ provinces were clustered in one group and separated from those from AH and HB provinces. Thus, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio technology could discriminate teas from among some provinces of China, but not from among others. Better separation might be obtained with a combination of isotopic ratios and other indexes, such ...

Formation of the late Cenozoic volcanic province comprising the Owyhee plateau, eastern Snake River Plain, and Yellowstone plateau has been accompanied by east-northeast-directed crustal extension. A new vector of 45 mm/yr, N56{degree}E for the migration of silicic volcanism across the volcanic province is calculated. If migration of volcanism reflects west-southwest continental drift over a mantle plume, a zone of crustal extension must separate the volcanic province from the more slowly moving North American craton. Space-time relations of basin fill in the adjacent Basin and Range province provide evidence for a zone of extension, about 125 km wide, coincident with and east of coeval silicic volcanism. Since 16 Ma, the zone of extension has migrated along with silicic volcanism, maintaining its position between the province and the unextended craton.

The tectonic structure of the floor of the Atlantic Ocean beyond the continental margins is insufficiently studied. This is also true of its tectonic demarcation. The segmentation of the floor into regional-scale tectonic provinces of several orders proposed in this paper is primarily based on structural and historical geological features. It is shown that deep oceanic basins and fault tectonics are of particular importance in this respect. Tectonic provinces of two orders are distinguished by a set of attributes. The first-order provinces are the North, Central, South, and Antarctic domains of the Atlantic Ocean. They are separated by wide demarcation fracture zones into Transatlantic (transverse) second-order tectonic provinces. Ten such provinces are recognized (from the north southward...

Parasitological and sero-epidemiological surveys for human paragonimiasis were conducted in three provinces of Viet Nam. A total of 590 participants from two known endemic areas of human paragonimiasis (Sinho district of Laichau province and Lucyen district of Yenbai province) and from Dakrong district of Quangtri province where we recently found crab hosts heavily infected with Paragonimus westermani metacercariae. By multiple dot-ELISA screening, 28 (12.7%) out of 220 participants in Sinho district of Laichau province and 4 (3.3%) out of 120 participants in Lucyen district of Yenbai province were proven to be antibody-positive against the Paragonimus antigen. None of the 250 sera of the residents in Dakrong, Quangtri province, gave sero-positivity. Among a total of 32 sero-positive patients Paragonimus eggs were found in 6 cases. ITS2 sequences were successfully determined from a single Paragonimus egg from each patient. The results of homology search by BLAST and alignment clearly confirmed that Paragonimus eggs collected from 6 patients were all of Paragonimus heterotremus. The pathogenicity of P. westermani for human paragonimiasis in Viet Nam is still questionable and needs to be explored in the future. PMID:21946337

A seismotectonic province is a kind of seismic source where, in general, seismic characteristics are assumed to be uniform. It is different from earthquake-generating geological structures such as faults or folds. It is an area or a zone where earthquakes diffusely occur but no specific geological structure is identified to be responsible for those earthquakes. The terminology, a seismotectonic province is originated from a tectonic province of U.S. federal code, with emphasis on earthquakes. The seismotectonic province is called the seismogenic source in the regulatory guides of U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), and the zone of diffuse seismicity in a guide of International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). In Korea, existing seismotectonic province maps were constructed based on the geological information due to insufficient earthquake data. As understood in its name, however, a seismotectonic province map should be based on the seismic information. Moreover, it should be noted that the Korean (geologic) tectonic structures cannot correctly represent the current tectonic regime because they were formed before the Cenozoic. In this context, we attempted to construct a seismotectonic province map by using seismic and geophysical information as well as geologic information

The purpose of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Oil and Gas Assessment is to develop geology-based hypotheses regarding the potential for additions to oil and gas reserves in priority areas of the United States, focusing on the distribution, quantity, and availability of oil and natural gas resources. The USGS has completed an assessment of the undiscovered, technically recoverable coalbed-gas resources in Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks underlying the North Slope and adjacent State waters of Alaska (USGS Northern Alaska Province 5001). The province is a priority Energy Policy and Conservation Act (EPCA) province for the National Assessment because of its potential for oil and gas resources.\\r\

Abstract Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a group of detoxification enzymes that catalyze the nucleophilic addition of glutathione to a wide variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. In this study, GSTs were purified from four field populations of Bactrocera dorsalis with different insecticide susceptibilities by glutathione-agarose affinity chromatography. The populations were collected from Dongguan (DG) and Guangzhou (GZ) of the Guangdong Province, Haikou of the Hainan province (HN), and Kunming of the Yunnan province (YN), China. Differences in GST characteristics among the four populations were studied using purified enzyme samples through comparative SDS-PAGE, kinetic, and inhibition experiments. The specific activities of the purified enzymes were similar, but the purific...

Foreign direct investment in real estate development (FDIRE) in China has been disproportionately agglomerated in the coastal region while has considerably diffused to some inland provinces along the Yangtze River. There is also significant spatial autocorrelation in the provincial distribution of FDIRE. Controlling for the spatial effects, statistical analysis indicates that FDIRE follows their international customers to China and pursues local profit opportunities as well. They avoid high financing cost and labor cost provinces but favor provinces with higher housing prices. FDIRE in China responds to the provincial differences in land and housing commercialization, and demands good regional governance, strong law enforcement and developed services. The findings imply that foreign invest...

This article begins with attention to the digital divide. It gives a brief overview of the digital divide on a global basis and analyzes specific aspects of the digital divide in our country. It also introduces the informationization construction of Guizhou Province and points out problems with the digital divide in that province. Then it focuses on the practice of Guizhou Province to bridge the digital divide ---- the practice and experience of GZNW. The final section gives a series of policy recommendations on how to bridge the digital divide, realize digital dividends, and how to build a new socialist countryside.   

One of our previous studies presented the allele frequencies of D1S80 VNTR locus in province Denizli including the high frequencies of allele 24 and 18. In Denizli province of Turkey, the most common abnormal variant is Hb D-Los Angeles with a frequency of 57.8?% of the total abnormal Hbs. The aim of this study is to identify the allele frequencies of D1S80 VNTR locus in Hb D-Los Angeles carriers in Denizli province of Turkey. We studied unrelated 36 Hb D-Los Angeles carriers residing in Denizli province of Turkey. The size range of the D1S80 VNTR locus PCR products was determined first by agarose gel electrophoresis and then by a capillary electrophoresis system. For all subjects, DNA sequencing was performed. Allele frequency, theta (k) value, and observed and expected heterozygosity wer...

85 species and 200 taxa, is endemic to southern Africa (Bayer et al. 1999). It occurs predominantly in the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces, with outliers extending into Namibia and Mozambique. Haworthia bolusii var. blackbeardiana was recently found ...

portion of the Department of La Paz, which includes the provinces of Ingavi, Aroma ... tinental sediments dating back to the Tertiary Period, including sandstone .... mental zones in the fol .... Boreholes were drilled on the basis of the experience ...

The Rondonian-San Ignacio Province (1.56-1.30Ga) is a composite orogen created through successive accretion of arcs, ocean basin closure and final oblique microcontinent-continent collision. The effects of the collision are well preserved mostly in the Paragua Terrane (Bolivia and Mato Grosso regions) and in the Alto Guapore Belt and the Rio Negro-Juruena Province (Rondonia region), considering that the province was affected by later collision-related deformation and metamorphism during the Sunsas Orogeny (1.25-1.00Ga). The Rondonian-San Ignacio Province comprises: (1) the Jauru Terrane (1.78-1.42Ga) that hosts Paleoproterozoic basement (1.78-1.72Ga), and the Cachoeirinha (1.56-1.52Ga) and the Santa Helena (1.48-1.42Ga) accretionary orogens, both developed in an Andean-type magmatic arc; (...

The coverage for each province is as follows: 50% of the potential ... (i.e., pest risk assessment, suitability/capability for agricultural crops, ... Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada · Supplemental Info ...

The seroprevalence of Entamoeba histolytica infection in the residents of seven provinces in China was examined by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a crude antigen and a recombinant surface antigen, C-Igl, of the parasites. A total of 1,312 serum samples were investigated. The positivity rates for these two antigens were 11.05% and 6.25%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the seropositivity to E. histolytica between men and women. We used a logistic regression model and maximal-likelihood methods to estimate the prevalence of E. histolytica infection from sequential serologic data. Seropositivity in Sichuan, Guizhou, and Sinkiang Provinces was higher than that in Beijing, Shanghai, and Qinghai Provinces. The present study provides an overview of seropositivity to E. histolytica infection in seven provinces in China and use the logistic regression model estimation method to achieve a more accurate measure of amebiasis prevalence. PMID:22764298

Abstract in spanish Se cita por primera vez la presencia de Pavonia argentina para la provincia de San Luis, Argentina. Abstract in english It has been detected the presence of Pavonia argentina in San Luis Province, Argentina.

The prevalence, pathogenic indices, such as haemolytic and haemagglutinating activities, antibiograms, and in-vitro activities of local medicinal plants against Aeromonas isolates in Vhembe district of Limpopo province, South Africa, were studied using standard microbiological methods. In total, 309...

A study was conducted to identify and determine burdens of ticks infesting Borana cattle in the Borana Province of Ethiopia. Rhipicephalus pulchellus, Rhipicephalus pravus, Rhipicephalus muhsamae, Rhipicephalus praetextatus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Amblyomma gemma, Amblyomma variegatum, Ambly...

Abstract in english Redescription of Schoenomyza Haliday, 1833 and the description of S. napensis, sp.n. from Napo Province. Ecuador are presented. Morphology of the terminalia are described and illustrated.

...operational and strategic decisions made by the management or boards of directors are subject to...IMF'') for Australia and South Africa, as well as data from Platts International...valorem in 2009. AA. Shandong Province: Waste Water Treatment Subsidies No further...

...22 U.S.C. 5801), the Republic of Ireland, the province of Northern Ireland in the United Kingdom, and any developing...Use one of the following fonts: Times New Roman, Courier, Courier New, or Arial. An application submitted...

...On December 23, 2009, American Public Power Association (APPA) and Transmission Access Policy Study Group (TAPS), Duke...regulatory authorities, including the applicable Canadian provinces, APPA and TAPS, along with ISO-NE, ask the Commission to...

Oligocene dome complexes of trachydacitic to rhyolitic composition are common in the southern portion of the Mesa Central physiographic province, which forms part of the southern Basin and Range extensional province as well as of the southern Sierra Madre Occidental volcanic province. Generally, dome complexes occur aligned with regional fault systems, mostly associated with the southern Basin and Range province, and thus suggesting that faults controlled the felsic magmas that formed these domes. Two distribution patterns are evident, one aligned NE-SW and another aligned NNE. The set of domes were emplaced at 33-28 Ma. Emplacement of domes occurred in three continuous phases starting with those of trachydacite affinity at 33-32 Ma, to trachydacite-rhyolitic at 32-31 Ma, and finally to th...

Low-salinity waters of inland shrimp ponds in Nakhon Nayok, Chachoengsao, Prachin Buri, and Samut Sakhon Provinces of Thailand often had concentrations of potassium and magnesium below those expected for normal seawater diluted to the same salinity. However, in Samut Sakhon Province - where the sampling area was nearer the coast - ponds typically had higher concentrations of these two cations than did ponds in the other three provinces. Studies of inland, shrimp ponds at Banglane in Nakhon Pathom Province revealed that magnesium additions to maintain a target concentration near 100 mg/L resulted in greater (P < 0.05) shrimp survival, size, and production than obtained in control ponds. Although potassium additions to ponds (75 mg/L target concentration) did not improve shrimp survival or p...

...Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination: Pure Magnesium From Israel, 66 FR 49351, 49353 (Sept. 27, 2001...Revitalization Program 15. Grants to ``Third-Line'' Military Enterprises 16. Guangdong and Zhejiang Province Program...

Meta-sedimentary and igneous rocks preserved in the hanging wall of the Paralana Fault, northern Mount Painter Province, record a protracted (ca. 1600Myr) multi-staged metamorphic and poly-deformational evolution related to Mesoproterozoic and Palaeozoic orogenic events. The Mount Painter Province was located near the margin of both the South Australian Craton and the North Australian Craton, which allows comparisons of the tectonic evolution of these margins and provides context for the evolution of the eastern Proterozoic Australia for both the Columbia and Gondwana supercontinents. Within the Mount Painter Province meta-sedimentary rocks form part of a basin system developed adjacent to the margins of the Gawler Craton and Curnamona Province following the Olarian-Wartakan orogenic syste...

Four new species of Telipogon are described and illustrated: T. cotapatensis, T. juan-torrezii, T. oliganthus and T. pubescens. All were collected from the montane forest of Cotapata National Park, Nor Yungas Province, Department of La Paz, Bolivia.

Abstract in english Micropygomyia (Sauromyia) petari sp. nov. (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) from speleological province of the Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo State, Brazil, is described and illustrated. This new taxon belongs to oswaldoi series.

This report presents an inventory of energy resources in the Maritime Provinces; a draft regional energy strategy; and a report on existing and proposed areas for cooperation. The report also addresses common regional goals. Recommendations are included.

Three aphid species were identified as new records for Turkey aphid fauna from Bartin province. These species are Ceruraphis viburnicola (Gillette) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Dysaphis apiifolia (Theobald) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Macrosiphum mordvilkoi Miyazaki (Hemiptera: Aphididae). These records i...

Using a performance-based geologic assessment methodology, the U.S. Geological Survey estimated a technically recoverable mean volume of 6.1 trillion cubic feet of potential shale gas in the Bombay, Cauvery, and Krishna-Godavari Provinces of India.

Malgachebates peyrierasi n. gen. n. sp., collected from Ankarongambe Forest Station, Tamatave province, mid-eastern Madagascar, is described and illustrated based on adult specimens. The new genus is easily distinguishable by the following combination of character states: rectilinear notogastral str...

production inthe Northern Great Valley (California) and the. Louisiana Coastal ...... Plateau Test Region. ,Inspite of the floristic contrast, these two types. ...... province (or subregion) breakdown followed by a second-order stratification into land ...

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis and their associated bacteria (Xenorhabdus spp. and Photorhabdus spp., respectively) are lethal parasites of soil dwelling insects. We collected 168 soil samples from five provinces, all located in southern Thailand. Eig...

Sep 25, 2007 ... [2] The southernmost Andes of South America experi- enced dramatic changes .... are the volcanos (triangles) of the southern South Volcanic. Zone (SSVZ) and ..... (3 – 7 April) Mendoza, Mendoza Province), Geol. Soc. of Am.

In this paper, we analyse the impact of credits provided by banks on provincial growth in Turkey, where state-owned banks have an implicit role of reducing disparity by allocating loans in underdeveloped regions that are ignored by private banks. We find a paradoxical effect of state-owned banks on regional development: their credits contribute significantly to the growth of more developed provinces, whereas they fail to encourage the well-being of less developed provinces. On the other hand, credits provided by private banks, in general, positively impact the per capita real gross domestic product (GDP) in both developed and less developed provinces. Contrary to their purpose of existence, our results suggest that state-owned banks did not reduce economic disparity among Turkish provinces...

Aug 28, 2005 ... Pando Province, Bolivia, and adjacent parts of Brazil and Peru are seen in this ... Mission (SRTM) elevation data covering part of the Amazon Basin. ... The Trans- Amazon Highway crosses the northern half of the scene, and ...

Thirteen species of Tenebrionidae are newly reported for New Brunswick, Canada. Paratenetus punctatus Spinola, Pseudocistela brevis (Say), Mycetochara foveata (LeConte), and Xylopinus aenescens LeConte are recorded for the first time from the Maritime provinces. Platydema excavatum (Say) is removed from the faunal list of New Brunswick, and the presence of Platydema americanum Laporte and Brullé for the province is confirmed. This brings the total number of species of Tenebrionidae known from New Brunswick to 42. Two species of Zopheridae, Bitoma crenata Fabricius and Synchita fuliginosa Melsheimer, are newly recorded for New Brunswick, bringing the number of species known from the province to four. Bitoma crenata is new to the Maritime provinces. Collection and habitat data are presented for these species. PMID:22539897

highlighting the importance of natural habitats for the species. Aims: To evaluate breeding in a natural habitat in inland Castellon province, Spain, and compare breeding parameters with other Europe...

Background: Historically, China's Japanese encephalitis vaccination program was a mix of household purchase of vaccine and government provision of vaccine in some endemic provinces. In 2006, Guizhou, a highly endemic province in South West China, integrated JE vaccine into the provincial Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI); later, in 2007 China fully integrated 28 provinces into the national EPI, including Guizhou, allowing for vaccine and syringe costs to be paid at the national level. We conducted a retrospective economic analysis of JE integration into EPI in Guizhou province. Methods: We modeled two theoretical cohorts of 100,000 persons for 65 years; one using JE live-attenuated vaccine in EPI (first dose: 95% coverage and 94.5% efficacy; second dose: 85% coverage and 98% efficacy)...

The use of statistical methodology in the Hydrogeochemical and Stream Sediment Reconnaissance Program of the National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE) Program is useful in identifying local and regional trends related to uranium provinces and districts....

A U.S. Geological Survey report is presented on the geology and petroleum deposits in the San Joqauin Basin Province in California. The purpose of the report is to assess undiscovered petroleum resources.

Two adults of Cyclodontostomum purvisi were recovered from faecal specimen of a 47 year-old male who had suffered from capillariasis, in Kaeng Khoi District, Saraburi Province, Thailand; Adults of C. purvisi were also recovered from the large intestine of B. savilei and B. indica trapped in the same area and in Pak Philli District, Nakhon Nayok Province. This is the first record of human infection with C. purvisi and of the occurrence in B. savilei and B. indica in Thailand. PMID:1221507

Grias angustipetala and G. ecuadorica, two new species from the wet forests of western Ecuador are described. Grias angustipetala occurs in the Awá Indígenous Territory and Reserva Ecológica Cotacachi-Cayapas in the Esmeraldas and adjacent Carchi Provinces between 50?1800 m elevation. Grias ecuadorica is found in the Los Ríos and Bolívar Provinces between 70?600 m elevation. The new species are illustrated and their relationships with related species are discussed.

Cambrian echinoderms, especially eocrinoids, have been reported recently from Guizhou and Yunnan provinces of China, such as the Kaili, Balang, and Guanshan faunas. The present paper reports abundant well-preserved eocrinoids from the Cambrian Mantou Formation of Dalian, Liaoning Province. This new discovery provides additional data on the early evolution of Echinodermata. It also gives us a clue as to where to seek the Cambrian soft-bodied fauna on the margin of the North China Platform.

Over 30 different terpenes and their oxidized derivations and related compounds were identified in essential oils from the needles and bark of annual shoots of P. sibirica, P. pumila and P. Koraiensis collected from plantations in Lipetsk province (Russia) and natural stands of P. cembra in Ivanco-Frankovsk province (Ukraine). Only alfa-pinene (69% of bark oil) and n-heptane (90% of needle oil) were present in Cedrus libani shoots from the Yalta area.

Through fiscal year 1988, the Minerals Management Service (MMS) has acquired 127,200 line-miles of common depth point (CDP) seismic data off of the U.S. Pacific coast and 73,000 line-miles in the Gulf of Alaska Marine Tertiary Province. Data coverage in the Pacific ranges from a 1/2 {times} 1/2 mile grid density in portions of southern California to 7 {times} 9 miles in portions of Washington and Oregon. For southern Alaska, the grid coverage ranges from 1/2 {times} 1/2 mile in portions of the Gulf of Alaska to single-line coverage throughout the area. More than 1,000 wells have been drilled off the Pacific coast, over 900 of which are in southern California. Nineteen wells have been drilled off southern Alaska. The MMS has subdivided the Pacific region into four planning areas (Southern, Central, and Northern California plus Washington and Oregon) that consist of three geologic provinces. The southern province, which consists of the Santa Barbara Channel and Southern California borderlands, is a primarily mature hydrocarbon-producing area where reservoirs are dominantly sandstones of Cenozoic age. The central province extends from the western Santa Barbara Channel and includes the Santa Maria, Ano Nuevo, La Honda, Bodega, and Point Arena basins. This province is anticipated to have fractured shale reservoirs of the Miocene Monterey and Point Arena Formations. The northern province consists of the Eel River Basin and the small depocenters of Washington and Oregon. Potential reservoirs are primarily upper Cenozoic sandstones of low reservoir quality. The Gulf of Alaska Marine Tertiary Province includes the Gulf of Alaska, Kodiak, and Shumagin shelves. G and G data indicate that each of these consists of a main shelf basin with several smaller depocenters. Basement rocks are overlain by mostly shelf and upper slope sediments. The province tends to be gas prone, which is not currently considered commercially viable.

The Indian shield is characterized by a wide spectrum of heat flow values in the range 25-105 mW m-2. The Dharwar craton, the gneiss-granulite province and at least the southern parts of the Deccan Trap province in southern India are all characterized by heat flow not exceeding about 50 mW m-2, whereas the provinces of northern India fall in the higher heat flow band. Crustal thermal models derived on the basis of heat flow and crustal radiogenic heat production datasets indicate that heat flow variations are strongly correlated with variations in heat production in the upper crust, although variations in mantle heat flow between provinces cannot be ruled out. In south India, where heat production in the crust is the best characterized, previous studies provide evidence for higher mantle heat flow in the gneiss-granulite province relative to the granite-gneiss province of the Dharwar Craton. Such variations have strong effect on temperatures in the lithospheric mantle. We calculated the S-wave travel-time delays from a global model of shear wave velocity derived from surface wave data. The travel-time delays range from -0.5 s in the southern part to -1.75 s in the northern part of the shield. We compared travel-time delays with mantle temperatures and lithospheric thickness inferred from heat flow data. Such comparison allows the determination of small variations in mantle heat flux that surface heat flow and heat production measurements cannot resolve.

Although the costs of doctors' visits and hospital stays in Canada are covered by national public health insurance, the cost of outpatient prescription drugs is not. To solve problems of access, Canadian provinces have introduced provincial prescription drug benefit programs. This study analyzes the prescription drug policymaking process in five Canadian provinces between 1992 and 2004 with a view to (1) determining the federal government's role in the area of prescription drugs; (2) describing the policymaking process; (3) identifying factors in each province's choice of a policy; (4) identifying patterns in those factors across the five provinces; and (5) assessing the federal government's influence on the policies chosen. Analysis shows that despite significant differences in policy choices, the ideological motivations of the provinces were unexpectedly similar. The findings also highlight the importance of institutional factors, for example, in provinces' decision to compete rather than to collaborate. We conclude that, to date, Canada's federalism laboratory has only partly benefited the Canadian public. Cost pressures may, however, eventually overcome barriers to cooperation between the provincial and the federal governments, enabling them to capitalize on Canada's federal structure to improve the accessibility and affordability of drugs. PMID:21123668

The northern Rocky Mountain-Great Plains area includes nine main petroleum exploration provinces: (1) Wyoming-Utah-Idaho thrust belt; (2) southwestern Wyoming basins, (3) Big Horn basin, (4) Wind River basin, (5) Powder River basin, (6) western Montana province, (7) Sweetgrass arch province, (8) central Montana province, and (9) Williston basin-Sioux uplift province. More than 2,500 oil and gas fields have been discovered in these provinces, with cumulative production up to 1986 of approximately 8 billion bbl of oil and more than 15 tcf of gas. Twenty-five giants fields (> 100 million bbl of oil), many of which were discovered early in the century, account for more than half of the cumulative production. Oil and gas production is from carbonate and sandstone reservoirs ranging in age from Cambrian to Tertiary. Organic-rich petroleum source rocks are present in the Ordovician, Devonian, Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, Permian, Cretaceous, and Tertiary stratigraphic sections. US Geological Survey mean estimates of undiscovered conventional recoverable petroleum resources in the region are approximately 4.4 billion bbl of oil and 29 tcf of gas. Significant resources of unconventional gas in low-permeability reservoirs and as coal-bed methane also are present in the region. The future potential is encouraging, depending on economic factors, but increasingly refined exploration and production technology will be necessary to explore for the remaining resources, a large part of which is expected to be in relatively small accumulations.

Abstract in spanish OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el impacto económico de una ley de ambientes 100% libres de humo de tabaco sobre las ventas de bares y restaurantes en una provincia argentina. MATERIAL y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un análisis de serie temporal sobre las ventas de bares y restaurantes en Santa Fe, 31 meses antes y 29 meses después de la ley. Se utilizó a la provincia vecina de Entre Ríos, sin ley en el momento del estudio, como provincia control. RESULTADOS: El promedio de ventas post- (more) ley tanto en la provincia de Santa Fe como en sus dos ciudades más importantes fue mayor al compararse con el promedio provincial total pre-ley. No se observaron diferencias significativas en las ventas totales al ser comparadas con la provincia de Entre Ríos. CONCLUSIONES: No se demostró evidencia estadísticamente significativa sobre el impacto negativo de la legislación de ambientes 100% libres de humo sobre las ventas de bares y restaurantes en la provincia de Santa Fe. Abstract in english OBJECTIVES: To assess the economic impact of a 100% smoke-free law on bars and restaurants in an Argentinean province. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a time series analysis of restaurant and bar revenues in the province of Santa Fe 31 months before and 29 months after the implementation of the 100% smokefree environment law. The neighboring province of Entre Rios without smoking restrictions at the time of this study, was used as the control province. RESULTS: Averag (more) e taxable revenues post-legislation in the province of Santa Fe as a whole and in the two most important cities were higher when compared to the total provincial revenue pre-legislation. No significant differences were observed with the total revenue from the province of Entre Rios. CONCLUSIONS: We found no statistically significant evidence that the 100% smoke-free environment legislation in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, had a negative impact on the revenues of local bars and restaurants.

British Columbia is facing challenging economic times. Indeed, the province is managing the effects of an economic recession that has been truly global in nature. In times like these, it becomes even more important to draw on the core strengths of the province and clearly recognize that the opportunities for everyone's future lie in the innovative spirit and talent of the citizens. The Ministry is implementing programs and policies to ensure that the province will meet the labour market demands by maximizing the productivity of its existing labour force, attracting people with the skills needed to the province, and ensuring that newcomers are able to realize their full potential when they arrive. It is not enough to simply react to the current, short term economic realities. Everyone must take steps now to ensure that the province has the skills and talent it needs to seize the opportunities of the future. To this end, the Ministry is developing the long-terms strategies that will guide everyone. These include the provincial labour market strategy (Workforce 2020), the BC Immigration Strategy, the Aboriginal Post Secondary Education Policy Framework, and the Literacy Strategy. This paper presents the Ministry' service plan for 2010/11-2012/13. (Contains 1 footnote.)

For many decades molluscan data have been critical to the establishment of the concept of a global-scale increase in species richness from the poles to the equator. Low polar diversity is key to this latitudinal cline in diversity. Here we investigate richness patterns in the two largest classes of molluscs at both local and regional scales throughout the Southern Ocean. We show that biodiversity is very patchy in the Southern Ocean (at the 1000-km scale) and test the validity of historical biogeographic sub-regions and provinces. We used multivariate analysis of biodiversity patterns at species, genus and family levels to define richness hotspots within the Southern Ocean and transition areas. This process identified the following distinct sub-regions in the Southern Ocean: Antarctic Peninsula, Weddell Sea, East Antarctic—Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctic—Enderby Land, East Antarctic—Wilkes Land, Ross Sea, and the independent Scotia arc and sub Antarctic islands. Patterns of endemism were very different between the bivalves and gastropods. On the basis of distributional ranges and radiation centres of evolutionarily successful families and genera we define three biogeographic provinces in the Southern Ocean: (1) the continental high Antarctic province excluding the Antarctic Peninsula, (2) the Scotia Sea province including the Antarctic Peninsula, and (3) the sub Antarctic province comprising the islands in the vicinity of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.

East Siberia comprises three petroleum provinces - Lena-Tunguska, Lena-Vilyuy, and Yenisey-Anabar - that occupy the area of the Siberian craton. Petroleum has been generated and has accumulated in Precambrian rifts beneath the sedimentary basins and, more importantly, within the section of the basin itself. The platformal deposits of the basins extend beneath overthrusts on the east and south and are covered by sedimentary rocks of the West Siberian province on the west. Permafrost and gas hydrate deposits are present throughout most of East Siberia. In the Lena-Tunguska province, rifts that developed during Riphean time are filled by thick sedimentary rocks, in which petroleum deposits have formed. In Early Cambrian time a barrier reef extended across the East Siberian craton from southeast to northwest. A lagoon to the west of this reef was the site of thick rhythmic salt deposits, which are the main seals for petroleum in the province. The sedimentary sections of the platform cover ranges in age from Late Proterozoic to Permian. More than 25 oil and gas fields have been discovered in the province, all in Riphean through Lower Cambrian rocks. 17 refs., 7 figs.

Clay mineralogy is useful in determining the distribution, sources, and dispersal routes of fine-grained sediments. In addition, clay minerals, especially smectite, may control the degree to which contaminants are adsorbed by the sediment. We analyzed 250 shelf sediment samples, 24 river-suspended-sediment samples, and 12 river-bed samples for clay-mineral contents in the Southern California Borderland from Point Conception to the Mexico border. In addition, six samples were analyzed from the Palos Verdes Headland in order to characterize the clay minerals contributed to the offshore from that point source. The clay-mineral suite for the entire shelf sediment data set (26% smectite, 50% illite, 24% kaolinite+chlorite) is closely comparable to that for the mean of all the rivers (31% smectite, 49% illite, 20% kaolinite+chlorite), indicating that the main source of shelf fine-grained sediments is the adjacent rivers. However, regional variations do exist and the shelf is divided into four provinces with characteristic clay-mineral suites. The means of the clay-mineral suites of the two southernmost provinces are within analytical error of the mineral suites of adjacent rivers. The next province to the north includes Santa Monica Bay and has a suite of clay minerals derived from mixing of fine-grained sediments from several sources, both from the north and south. The northernmost province clay-mineral suite matches moderately well that of the adjacent rivers, but does indicate some mixing from sources in adjacent provinces.

We report 20 new species records for the Coleoptera fauna in New Brunswick, Canada, five of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, including one species that is new for Canada. One species of Kateretidae, Kateretes pusillus (Thunberg) is newly recorded for New Brunswick and the Maritime provinces. Stelidota octomaculata (Say), Phenolia grossa (Fabricius), andCryptarcha strigatula Parsons of the family Nitidulidae are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick; the latter species is new to the Maritime provinces. Two species of Cerylonidae, Philothermus glabriculus LeConte and Cerylon unicolor (Ziegler), are reported for the first time for New Brunswick. Philothermus glabriculus is new for the Maritime provinces. Two species of Endomychidae, Hadromychus chandleri Bousquet and Leschen and Danae testacea (Ziegler) are newly recorded for New Brunswick. Three species of Coccinelidae, Stethorus punctum punctum (LeConte), Naemia seriata seriata Melsheimer, and Macronaemia episcopalis (Kirby) are added to the provincial list. Macronaemia episcopalis (Kirby) is a species new to the Maritime provinces. Nine species of Latridiidae, Cartodere nodifer (Westwood), Dienerella ruficollis (Marsham), Enicmus aterrimus Motschulsky, Enicmus fictus Fall, Encimus histrio Jay and Tomlin, Lathridius minutus (Linnaeus), Stephostethus productus Rosenhauer, Corticaria elongata (Gyllenhal), and Corticarina longipennis (LeConte) are newly recorded for New Brunswick. Stephostehus productus is newly recorded from Canada. Collection and habitat data are presented for all these species. PMID:22539894

Based on distinctive stratigraphic and/or structural characteristics, the brazilian continental margin can be divided into two main provinces : (1)The southeastern-eastern province, extending from the Pelotas to the Recife - Joao Pessoa Basin, presents a tensional tectonic style of Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous age, paralleling the structural alignments of the Precambrian basement, except in the northeastern segment where the Mesozoic faults of the Recife - Joao Pessoa Basin cut across the east west basement directions. The basin-fill, Upper Jurassic through Recent, consists, where complete, of three stratigraphic sequences, each of a distinct depositional environment: (a) a lower clastic non-marine sequence; (b) a middle evaporitic sequence, and (c) an upper clastic paralic and open marine sequence. (2)The northern province, extending from the Potiguar Basin to the Amazon Submarine Basin, displays both tensional and compressional tectonic styles of Upper Jurassic (?) to Upper Cretaceous age either paralleling or cutting transversally the basement alignments. The stratigraphic column differs from the southeastern - eastern province in lacking the Lower Cretaceous evaporitic rocks. The integration of the stratigraphic and structural data allows one to determine in the eastern Brazilian marginal basins the main evolutionary stages of a typical pull-apart continental margin: a continental pre-rift and rift stage, an evaporitic proto-ocean stage, and a normal open ocean stage. In the northern province it is possible to infer a continental rift valley stage, a marine transform - movement stage and an open ocean stage. The relationship between the rift valley and transform movement stages is not clear. (author)

The perimeter of the Archean Precambrian Wyoming province can be generally defined. A Proterozoic suture belt separates the province from the Archean Superior province to the east. The western margin of the Precambrian rocks lies under the western Overthrust belt, but the Precambrian province extends at least as far west as southwest Montana and southeast Idaho. The province is bounded on the north and south by more regionally extensive Proterozoic mobile belts. In the northern belt, Archean rocks have been remobilized by Proterozoic tectonic events, but the southern belt does not appear to contain rocks as old as Archean. The tectonic response of these Precambrian terranes to cratonic and continental margin vertical and horizontal forces has exerted a profound influence on Phanerozoic sedimentation and stratigraphic facies distributions. Petroleum source rock and reservoir rock stratigraphy of the Northern Rocky Mountain region has been correlated with this structural history. In particular, the Devonian, Permian, and Jurassic sedimentation patterns can be shown to have been influenced by articulation among the different terranes comprising the ancient substructure. Depositional patterns in the Chester-Morrow carbonate and clastic sequence in the Central Montana trough are also related to this substructure. Further, a correlation between these tectonic terranes and the localization of regional hydrocarbon accumulations has been observed and has been useful in basin analyses for exploration planning.

Abstract Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal viral vector-borne zoonosis which has a mortality rate of up to 30% without treatment in humans. CCHF virus is transmitted to humans by ticks, predominantly from the Hyalomma genus. Following the report of two confirmed and one suspected death due to CCHF virus in Kurdistan province of Iran in 2007, this study was undertaken to determine the fauna of hard ticks on domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats) and their possible infection with CCHF virus using reverse transcription PCR technique. This is the first detection of CCHF virus in ticks from the Kurdistan province of Iran. Overall, 414 ixodid ticks were collected from two districts in this province. They represented four genera from which 10 separate species we...

Estimated Alaska coal resources are largely in Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks distributed in three major provinces. Northern Alaska-Slope, Central Alaska-Nenana, and Southern Alaska-Cook Inlet. Cretaceous resources, predominantly bituminous coal and lignite, are in the Northern Alaska-Slope coal province. Most of the Tertiary resources, mainly lignite to subbituminous coal with minor amounts of bituminous and semianthracite coals, are in the other two provinces. The combined measured, indicated, inferred, and hypothetical coal resources in the three areas are estimated to be 5,526 billion short tons (5,012 billion metric tons), which constitutes about 87 percent of Alaska's coal and surpasses the total coal resources of the conterminous United States by 40 percent. \\r\

Water samples were collected from 20 community water-supply wells in New Jersey to assess the chemical quality of the water before and after chlorination, to characterize the types of organic carbon present, and to determine the disinfection by-product formation potential. Water from the selected wells previously had been shown to contain concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that were greater than 0.2 mg/L. Of the selected wells, five are completed in unconfined (or semi-confined) glacial-sediment aquifers of the Piedmont and Highlands (New England) Physiographic Provinces, five are completed in unconfined bedrock aquifers of the Piedmont Physiographic Province, and ten are completed in unconsolidated sediments of the Coastal Plain Physiographic Province. Four of the ten wells in the Coastal Plain are completed in confined parts of the aquifers; the other six are in unconfined aquifers.\\r\

Abstract In a survey of four fig-growing provinces of Turkey (Adana, Hatay, Sanliurfa and Mersin), 132 samples were tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to assess the presence of Fig leaf mottle-associated virus 1 (FLMaV-1), Fig leaf mottle-associated virus 2 (FLMaV-2) and Fig mosaic virus (FMV). All samples were negative in PCR to FLMaV-1, whereas FLMaV-2 and FMV were detected in six (4.5%) and 10 (7.6%) of the samples, respectively. Both viruses were found in fig trees collected in the provinces of Adana, Hatay and Sanliurfa, but no infection was found in Mersin province. Sequence analysis of amplified DNA showed a level of nucleotides variability ranging from 1 to 10% for FLMaV-2 and from 6 to 17% for FMV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the Turkish ...

Amighini A., Leone M. and Rabellotti R. Persistence versus change in the international specialization pattern of Italy: how much does the 'district effect' matter?, Regional Studies. This paper investigates the evolution of specialization patterns for the Italian provinces over the period 1995-2005 by analysing the dynamics of the sectoral distribution in the Balassa index of revealed comparative advantages. The results show that underlying a relatively stable distribution of national comparative advantages over time, there are wide variations in local performance: only a few provinces demonstrate any stability in their specialization over the last decade, with the majority showing decreased specialization. A higher average degree of persistence for provinces with districts is found, but n...

Summary Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex includes viruses considered emerging pathogens for humans and animals in the Americas. Two members of this complex have been detected previously in Argentina: Rio Negro Virus (RNV), detected in mosquitoes from Chaco province and rodents from Formosa province, and Pixuna Virus (PIXV), detected in mosquitoes from Chaco province. To carry out surveillance studies in other parts of the country, detection of a 195-bp fragment of alphaviruses by RT-nested PCR was performed in mosquito samples from San Miguel de Tucuman city. Four pools resulted positive and three were sequenced. Two amplicons grouped with RNV and one with PIXV. This is the first report of viral activity of members of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex in north-eastern Argent...

The province of Batman, located in southern Anatolia, has a population of approximately 500,000. To our knowledge, there exists no information regarding the environmental radioactivity in this province. Therefore, gamma activity measurements in soil, building materials and water samples and an indoor radon survey have been carried out in the Batman province. The mean activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) and a fission product (137Cs) were 35 ? 8, 25 ? 10, 274 ? 167 and 12 ? 7?Bq kg???1, respectively, in the soil samples. The concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the selected building materials ranged from 18 to 48?Bq kg???1, 8 to 49?Bq kg???1 and 68 to 477?Bq kg???1, respectively. All the calculated radium equivalent (Raeq) activity values of the b...

Abstract Aim To create a fine-scale map of the distribution of Asiatic black bears, identify landscape variables affecting the spatial range of this species and assess population trends using presence-absence data and opinions of local villagers. Location Sichuan Province, south-western China. Methods We divided the province into 15 x 15 km cells, stratified them by forest cover, elevation and road density and randomly selected 494 cells (21% of province) for surveys. In each cell, we interviewed villagers and ground-verified their reports of bear presence. We ground-truthed reports of bear absence by conducting transects for bear sign in the best available habitat. We used logistic regression to identify key variables affecting presence of bears and predict their occurrence in unsampled c...

Medical records and incidence data were analyzed retrospectively to document the epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of mumps in relation to vaccination status in the Lviv province of Ukraine over a 7.5-year period, beginning in 2000, when a second dose of mumps vaccine was introduced. Lviv, 1 of 27 provinces in western Ukraine, with a land area of 21,833?km2, had a total population of about 2,555,834 in 2006. The initial success of the second dose introduction in 2000 in Ukraine was limited by a local outbreak of mumps in Lviv province in 2000?2002 due to a vaccine shortage; most cases were over the age of 7?years. The vaccine with the Leningrad-3 virus strain used before 2001 was then replaced by the triple vaccine ?Priorix??, with the RIT 4385 derivate of the Jeryl Lynn strain...

This paper aims to evaluate the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction performance of 30 mainland provinces in China over 2005?2009. First, the log-mean Divisia index (LMDI) technique is used to decompose the changes in CO2 emissions at the provincial level into 4 effects that are carbon intensity effect, energy mix effect, energy intensity effect and gross domestic product (GDP) effect. Next, two indicators, decoupling index and rescaled decoupling index, are implemented to evaluate the performance of 30 provinces in CO2 emission reduction from 2005 to 2009. The decomposition result shows that the GDP growth is mainly responsible for the CO2 emissions increase, while the energy intensity effect is the key factor for the decrease in CO2 emissions in each province. Moreover, according to ...

SUMMARY Large igneous provinces (LIPs) have recently been suggested to originate at the edges of low-velocity zones on the core mantle boundary (Plume Generation Zones). If true, LIPs can potentially be used to constrain paleolongitude in plate tectonic reconstructions. To validate the hypothesis, it is essential to study LIPs of which the paleolongitude can be constrained by other methods, such as hotspot reference frames. An ideal candidate to this end is the early Cenozoic North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP). Despite being the largest volcanic unit of the British Tertiary Igneous Province (BTIP, part of the NAIP), the age and paleoposition of the Antrim Lava Group (ALG) in Northern Ireland, which is key to the NAIP as a whole, was hitherto poorly constrained. In this paper, we theref...

Dried flowers and leaves of four different Achillea species grown wild in several provinces of Iran, including one species collected from three different locations of Isfahan province were analyzed for the headspace volatile components, total phenolics (TP) and tartaric esters (TE). Capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) combined with a purge and trap method was used for quantification of aroma components. Over 70 compounds were determined in the samples. Flower samples from all species contained 2-methyl butanal, alpha-pinene, alpha-thujene, camphene, hexanal, beta-pinene and 1,8-cineole; however, the major constituents of the aerial parts were determined as alpha-pinene, camphene, DL-limonene and 1,8-cineole. The largest number of aroma components were found in Achillea tenuifolia Lam. and Achillea millefolium L. In all species, except A. millefolium, the leaves contained more TP and TE than flowers. However, A. wilhelmsii from Semirom in Isfahan province showed the highest values for TP and TE. PMID:16021832

The Penman-Monteith equation is the most common method for estimating reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo). However, this method needs full weather data, but few stations with complete weather data exist in Fars province in Iran. On the other hand, the Hargreaves equation is a simpler method for estimating ETo. In this study, using the weather data of seven synoptic stations in Fars province in Iran and seven synoptic stations outside the province, the Hargreaves equation was calibrated based on the Penman-Monteith method for every month of the year and for a yearly time step. The results indicate that different coefficients should be used for each month of year and yearly time step instead of the original coefficient of 0.0023 in the Hargreaves equation. Therefore, it is possible to es...

Fusarium head blight (FHB) can affect wheat and barley and is a devastating disease caused by a complex of Fusarium species. Here we report on a large-scale survey on the genetic diversity of isolates collected from barley in China. Ten VNTR markers were tested on a representative set of 40 isolates covering 14 sampling areas along the Yangtze River. VNTR4 and VNTR7, with 13 and 6 alleles, each were applied to a total of 1106 single-spore isolates to reveal the population structure of F. asiaticum. The F. asiaticum population showed high genetic diversity and a clear genotypic substructure within China. Pair-wise comparisons of allele frequencies between the mountainous provinces of Sichuan and Chongqing in Western China, Hubei Province in the centre or the eastern provinces of Zhejiang, J...

Abstract Information about spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae in southern China remains sparse. A specific and sensitive real-time PCR assay for detection of SFG rickettsiae was established and used to detect the prevalence rate of SFG rickettsiae in Yunnan Province, China. The limit of detection (LOD) of our real-time PCR was 200 copies per reaction, which is more sensitive than the previously developed nested PCR assays for Rickettsia. We tested 265 blood samples (127 goats, 78 dogs, and 60 cattle) collected from Yunnan Province using the real-time PCR assay and revealed that the prevalence of SFG rickettsiae among dogs, cattle, and goats were 14.10%, 23.33%, and 24.41%, respectively. The SFG rickettsiae detected in animals in Yunnan Province were classified into two genotypes: a uniq...

Saskatchewan has considerable light and medium crude oil reserves located in the south of the province. This study is designed to analyze Saskatchewan`s light and medium oil industry, with an examination of past, present, and possible future trends. The purpose of the study is to identify the limiting factors, both upstream and downstream, to the development of light and medium crude oil resources in the province. The study report provides background information on the industry, examines the upstream oil industry in Saskatchewan, analyzes markets for Saskatchewan light and medium crude, describes the logistics of shipping oil from producing areas to the market, explores the economics of light and medium oil production in the province, and discusses issues of relevance affecting the industry.

The Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes has a Quaternary basaltic province along the retroarc which has a unique tectonic setting. The Payenia volcanic province covers an area larger than 40,000km^2 between 33^o30' and 38^o South latitudes, with an estimated volcanic volume of about 8387km^3 erupted through more than 800 volcanic centers in the last ~2Ma. The mainly basaltic province developed above the San Rafael Block is subdivided in three segments characterized by the Cerro Nevado, Llancanelo, Payun Matru, Tromen and Auca Mahuida volcanic fields, together with hundreds of minor monogenetic basaltic centers. The analysis of the different segments shows the formation of a common basalt plateau with intraplate signature from south to north between 2.0 and 1.7Ma, which reached the 35^oS to...

The Pacific nodule province covered about 4.5?million km2 in the east tropical Pacific with an abundance of polymetallic nodules at the seafloor. In view of the environmental protection and resource preservation, the survey of biodiversity was important during the reconnaissance and exploitation in this area. As one of the important component of the deep sea ecosystem, the microbial community in the Pacific nodule province was still largely unknown. The chitinolytic bacteria diversity in deep-sea sediment of a station within the Pacific nodule province was examined by molecular technology. A total of 18 chitinase genes were detected by a set of degenerate PCR primer specific for chiA gene fragment of family 18 chitinase. Most of them belonged to the Serratia-like chitinase. Eight genes had...

Research and development have been under way both at home and abroad during the past few years on the utilization of combustion method for the treatment of high moisture, high ash, fine sized, environmentally polluting slime rejected from coal washing. And positive results have already been obtained. With data in tables describing slime burning in the UK, USA, Japan and other countries, the article gives a brief introduction to the four different slime-burning equipment and technologies used separately in Yanzhou coal mining area, in Shandong Province, Yongrong coal mining area in Sichuan Province, Dongpang coal mine and Lujiatuo coal mine in Hebei Province. The article also proposes that preferential policies are to be worked out, R&D be intensified and relevant mines be encouraged to do a better job in the utilization of slime on the basis of their own actual conditions. 4 figs., 2 tabs.

The potential of the Maritime provinces as being among the world leaders in manufacturing and value-added resource processing, low unemployment and steady economic growth was explored. Irving Oil and J.D. Irving Ltd., have actively participated in supporting the Sable Offshore Energy Project and Maritimes and Northeast Projects because of the promise of tremendous economic benefits the projects will have on the Maritime provinces. It was predicted that the projects will create thousands of jobs in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, but more importantly, they will make the region more cost-effective and more competitive in the global markets. The Sable offshore project will allow Maritimers to compete internationally on a level playing field. With gas becoming available in the region, the opportunity exists to generate electricity at lower costs using natural gas turbines and co-generation facilities. Cheaper electricity will create new opportunities for further industrial expansion, more jobs and a stronger economy for the Maritime provinces.

The Jining Cenozoic basalt province, located at the northern margin of the North China Craton, is one of the major Cenozoic basaltic provinces in northern China and Mongolia. In order to constrain the petrogenesis of the Jining basalts and its implications for the geodynamic evolution of the region, four basalt sections in Jining province, the Baiyinxiang, Hanqingba, Xin'anzhan, and Chahanmiao sections, were analyzed for Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf isotopic compositions. These basalts are predominantly composed of alkaline basalts and tholeiites. The tholeiites are overlain by the alkaline basalts in all but the Chahanmiao section. In general, the Jining basalts are similar to oceanic island basalts in terms of their incompatible element patterns. The @e"H"f and @e"N"d values of the Jining basalts range f...

In this study, the policy, market conditions and food security of biomass energy sources are assessed for supplying the future needs of Vojvodina. The Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an autonomous province in Serbia, containing about 27% of its total population according to the 2002 Census. It is located in the northern part of the country, in the Pannonia plain, in southeastern Europe. Vojvodina is an energy-deficient province. The incentives to invest human and financial resources in the research and development of cleaner bioprocesses are high, considering the benefits which might be achieved in terms of environment protection and manufacturing costs. In the near and medium tenu, the development of bioprocesses for waste recycling and resource recovery might be one of the most viabl...

This document presents the results of a study which mapped the exploitable technical wind potential for the production of electricity in Quebec. The study constitutes an exhaustive analysis of the inventory of the technical wind potential in the province of Quebec. It clarifies the suitable wind potential in megawatts and the production of corresponding electricity. This document also presents the following information: modeling of the wind cartography (including speed simulations); validation of wind resource cartography; definition of the technically exploitable zones in the province of Quebec; potential exploitable wind techniques in the province; study of the average cost of wind energy production and sensitivity analysis. It was concluded that a detailed wind map and optimization of wind configuration are important and necessary factors in the developmental phase of a project. 11 figs., 18 tabs., 1 app.

The British Columbia Offshore Oil and Gas Team provides the province with information required to make wise decisions regarding West Coast offshore oil and gas development. The team also creates the regulatory framework under which offshore oil and gas development can occur in the province. It promotes industry involvement in resource exploration, development and production while ensuring that development reflects the interests of Aboriginal and coastal communities. The team is guided by 10 principles based on accountability for social, environmental, and fiscal responsibility. Offshore oil and gas development in the province must contribute to a strong provincial economy and healthy coastal communities. It must also support innovation and development in British Columbia's marine and leading edge industries. This report includes tables listing the objectives, strategies, targets and outputs for key initiatives dealing with: knowledge acquisition, analysis and sharing; First Nations; communities; regulatory and legal framework; external and international interests; federal and provincial relations; and, public information. 1 ref., 7 tabs.

This paper discussed the development of biomass plantations as a means of using Saskatchewan's abundant solar resources. Used to develop biofuels, the plantations will help to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG), develop new non-food markets for the province's agriculture industry, and provide domestic security against future global energy crises. Ethanol biofuels can be used as an octane enhancer, a smog-reducing agent in diesel fuel; as a gasoline replacement; and as a major hydrogen carrier fuel for fuel cell technologies. Saskatchewan currently produces 20 million tonnes of cellulosic biomass per year. The province will require 400 million litres of ethanol to convert to E10 gasoline nad E15 diesel fuels. This paper claimed that biomass derived from hybrid poplars used as windbreaks through the province could provide up to 15 billion litres of ethanol per year. It was concluded that further research and development is needed to explore new biomass conversion production technologies. 2 refs.

Based on the theoretical framework of the Solow growth model, this paper employs a dynamic panel data approach to examine the impact of openness on growth and convergence in labor productivity in the Chinese provinces during the period 1984?2008. The study finds that regional openness has a significantly positive effect on regional growth in labor productivity in the Chinese provinces. When regional heterogeneity and regional openness are accounted for, the study finds fast conditional convergence in labor productivity across the Chinese provinces. As a byproduct, this study also estimates the structural parameters of the aggregate production function in the case of China. In sum, the major findings of this study lend strong support to the claim that openness promotes growth of labor produ...

The Itacaiúnas Belt of the highly mineralised Carajás Mineral Province comprises ca. 2.75 Ga volcanic rocks overlain by sedimentary sequences of ca. 2.68 Ga age, that represent an intracratonic basin rather than a greenstone belt. Rocks are generally at low strain and low metamorphic grade, but are often highly deformed and at amphibolite facies grade adjacent to the Cinzento Strike Slip System. The Province has been long recognised for its giant enriched iron and manganese deposits, but over the past 20 years has been increasingly acknowledged as one of the most important Cu?Au and Au?PGE provinces globally, with deposits extending along an approximately 150 km long WNW-trending zone about 60 km wide centred on the Carajás Fault. The larger deposits (approx. 200?1000 Mt @ 0.95?1.4% Cu and...

The Province of Limburg has recently drawn up its environmental policy plan (EPP). The problem of acidification is more manifest in Limburg than in the rest of the Netherlands. It plays therefore an important role in the EPP. The province is one of the actors in the national EPP. Studies were carried out to map the possibilities of the province to reduce the emissions. The studies concerned the legal instruments, the emission reduction measures, the cost of the measures and their side-effects. Target groups considered are: industry, power plants, traffic, and agriculture. Furthermore the provincial role in energy saving was examined. The results of the studies are briefly described. The provincial policy chooses the national policy as a starting-point. In view of the grave situation in Limburg some of the goals to be reached were set appropriately. The provincial policy is described. 1 ill., 6 refs., 2 tabs.

Abstract During 2009-2010, a survey was conducted in gardens and commercial fig orchards throughout Iran to determine the prevalence of Fig leaf mottle-associated virus 1 (FLMaV-1), Fig leaf mottle-associated virus 2 (FLMaV-2), Fig mild mottle-associated virus (FMMaV), Fig latent virus 1 (FLV-1) and Fig mosaic virus (FMV). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) were conducted on 104 fig samples collected from seven provinces. FLV-1, FLMaV-1 and FMV were found in 14.5, 11.5 and 8.6% of the samples, respectively, but FLMaV-2 and FMMaV were absent. The overall average of infection reached 18.3%, with a peak of 42.9% in Semnan Province, followed by Golestan (40%), Tehran (32.3%), Lorestan (28.6%) and Mazandaran (25%) provinces. No infection was found...

During the summer of 2009, a serious rice dwarf disease occurred in several provinces in North Vietnam. The appearance of white to black waxy galls along the veins of the leaves and culms on the diseased plants suggested the infection of a fijivirus like rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) or a related virus, namely southern rice black streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) = rice blacked streaked virus 2 (RBSDV2), which was recently identified in South China in 2008. The universal primers specific for these viruses were designed based on the conserved regions of the S10 segment. RT-PCR tests on typical samples collected from different provinces gave specific products using these primers. Four RT-PCR products amplified from diseased plants that are representative for the four North Vietnam provinces, Nghe An, Thanh Hoa, Nam Dinh, and Son La, were directly sequenced. Blast searches and sequence analyses revealed that they showed all of the isolates of SRBSDV.   

Hf model ages yielded by rutiles in a garnet-rich lower-crustal granulite xenolith from the McBride Province and whole-rock Nd and Hf model ages for the plagioclase- and garnet-rich Chudleigh and McBride granulites overlap with the well-defined U-Pb ages for detrital zircons and zircons in granitoids (Murgulov et al. Chem Geol 245:198-218, 2007; Mineral Petrol 95:17-45, 2009), suggesting temporal correlation of magmatic-tectonic events in the lower and upper crust in the north-east Australian craton. Intrusion of basaltic magmas into and below the lower crust beneath the Chudleigh Province around 1.4, 1.7 and 2.3 Ga and beneath the McBride Province around 1.5, 1.7, 2.3 and 2.5 Ga provided heat for remelting and supplied magmas with juvenile mantle isotope signatures to the upper crust. Similar magmas provided enough heat to cause melting in the lower crust beneath the Chudleigh Province around 0.12 and 0.8-0.9 Ga and beneath the McBride Province around 0.42, 0.8-0.9 Ga, 1.1 and 1.3 Ga but were not sufficient to cause significant melting in the upper crust. A wide range in initial 176Hf/177Hf values and a ~1.55 Ga Hf model age yielded by rutiles in the McBride granulite provide a link to the genesis of ~420 Ma granitoids. The data for a plagioclase-rich granulite from the Atherton Province are similar to those for the Chudleigh and McBride granulites. However, additional samples are required to test whether the lower crust of the Tasman orogenic belt is lithologically and isotopically similar to the lower crust of the craton.

The 2003 outbreak of Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H7N7) in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany resulted in significant genetic diversification that proved informative for tracing transmission events. Building on previous investigations on the Dutch outbreak, we focused on the potential transnational transmissions between the Netherlands and Belgium. Although no clear epidemiological links could be identified from the tracing data, the transmission network based on concatenated HA-NA-PB2 sequences supports at least three independent introductions from the Netherlands to Belgium and suggests one possible introduction form Belgium back to the Netherlands. Two introductions in the Belgian province of Limburg occurred from nearby farms in the Dutch province of Limburg. One introduction resulted in three secondary infected farms, while a second introduction did not cause secondary infections. The third introduction into Belgium occurred in the north of the Antwerp province, very close to the national border, and originated from the North of the Dutch province Brabant (long distance transmission, >65 km). The virus spread to two additional Belgian farms, one of which may be the source of a secondarily infected farm in the Netherlands. One infected turkey farm in the province of Antwerp (Westmalle) was geographically close to the latter introduction, but genetically clustered with the first introduction event in the Limburg province. Epidemiological tracing data could neither confirm nor exclude whether this outbreak was a result from long distance contacts within Belgium or whether this farm presented a fourth independent transboundary introduction. These multiple transnational transmissions of HPAI in spite of reinforced biosecurity measures and trade restrictions illustrate the importance of international cooperation, legislation and standardization of tools to combat transboundary diseases. PMID:22994451

The World Health Organization (WHO) and United States Public Health Service (USPHS) standards for drinking water recommend an upper limit concentration of 0.05 mg/L for both lead and chromium. The authors studied the cadmium and zinc concentrations in the potable water of the Eastern Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. They report here the results of the study of lead and chromium concentrations in the potable water of the same area to provide a more complete profile of the levels of heavy metals in the potable water of the Eastern Province.

Projections for output of crude oil and equivalent in Canada indicate approximately 258,800 cu m/day will be produced in 1980, a 0.6% decrease from 1979. This compares with an increase of 13.9% in 1979 from 1978 figures. Tables of statistics are presented showing first 6 mo. production estimates by province, disposition of Canadian oil from 1973 through the 1980 forecast, and Canadian petroleum production from 1977 through the 1980 forecast. These estimates indicate that Canadian crude oil and equivalent production during 1980 will only marginally exceed domestic demand and export commitments. Alberta province is expected to lead in production throughout 1980, followed by British Columbia and Saskatchewan.

Abstract in spanish Se describe e ilustra Samanea tubulosa, una nueva cita genérica y específica para la flora argentina. Las colecciones fueron realizadas en Orán, provincia de Salta, Argentina, en el Distrito de las Selvas Pedemontanas de la Provincia Fitogeográfica de las Yungas. Se realizan comentarios sobre la posición sistemática de la especie y su relación con los géneros afines. Abstract in english A new record for the Argentinean flora, Samanea tubulosa, is described and illustrated. The specimens were collected in Oran, Salta Province, Argentina, in the "Selvas Pedemontanas" district of the "Yungas" phytogeographic province. Comments on the systematic position of the species and related genera are given.

Abstract in spanish Se describe la nueva especie Olixon bicolor de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Se la ilustra y se la compara con las demás especies conocidas del género. Olixon testaceum Cameron es registrado para la provincia de Corrientes, extendiendo la distribución conocida de esta especie a la Argentina. Abstract in english The new species Olixon bicolor is described from the province of Buenos Aires. It is illustrated and compared to other known species of the genus. Olixon testaceum Cameron is recorded from the Corrientes province, extending the known range of this species to Argentina.

Since several decades, the Geological Survey of Spain works in the province of Jaen, with other institutions, for the resolution in urban supply. Among these works, the artificial recharge has been raised as a possible solution to problems in the urban supply. This paper describes the outcome of the experiences in the Miocene aquifer use for Mancha Real; in the Gracia-Morenita karstic aquifer for supply at Comarca de Martos, and the Llanos grainstone aquifer use for Alcala la Real. The three experiences were positive and demonstrated its utility, but nowadays there is no permanent installation in province of Jaen. (Author) 14 refs.

A high-resolution and high-precision detailed gravimetric geoid has been computed for San Juan province in Argentina, ranging from 27 degrees S to 34 degrees S in latitude and 72 degrees W to 65 degrees W in longitude. The gravimetric geoid was calculated using the RTM method, a multiband spherical Stokes Fast Fourier Transformation, and the removerestore technique for the spherical harmonic reference field and the terrain. As an external evaluation, the gravimetric quasigeoid/geoid was compared to the geoid heights obtained from 90 GPS/levelling points available for the province. Finally, a GPS-tailored local geoid, which fits the GPS observations, was computed.

Silvopasture systems combine trees, forage, and livestock in a variety of different species and management regimes, depending on the biophysical, economic, cultural, and market factors in a region. We describe and compare actual farm practices and current research trials of silvopastoral systems in eight regions within seven countries of the world: Misiones and Corrientes provinces, Argentina; La Pampa province, Argentina; northwestern Minas Gerais, Brazil; the Aysén region of Patagonia, Chile; the North Island of New Zealand; the Southeast United States; Paraguay; and Uruguay. Some countries use native trees and existing forests; some use plantations, particularly of exotic species. Natural forest silvopasture systems generally add livestock in extensive systems, to capture the benefits o...

This report consists of 7 articles. (1) Regional and detailed survey studies on the granitic stone resources in Kimcheon area. (2) Regional research studies on granites distributed in Jecheon-Mokgye area. (3) Drilling research works on fine grained granitic rock mass in Haemi area near Seosan city in Chungnam Province. (4) Regional research study on granite stone resources in Janggye area. (5) Regional survey and feasibility study on dioritic rock mass in Changsoo area, Cheonpuk. (6) Borehole radar survey at the granite quarry mine, Haemi, Chungcheongnamdo Province. (7) Numerical modeling of borehole radar survey. (author)

The still widely cited view of the Palisades sill, northeastern United States, being differentiated largely by vertically directed olivine-dominated frationation is not supported by available structural, petrographic, and geochemical data. Rather, the sill can be viewed as a sheetlike composite intrusion, possibly made up of multiple magma types common to the Mesozoic eastern North America magmatic province. The famous olivine zone of the Palisades sill may have resulted from a separate late intrusion of olivine-normative magma and not from gravity-controlled, olivine-accumulation processes. Pyroxene-dominated fractionation accounts for much of the vertical and lateral compositional variations in the Palisades sill and other related intrusions from the province.

Pueraria mirifica tubers collected from 28 out of 76 provinces of Thailand and Pueraria lobata tubers collected from Guangzhou province, China were submitted to HPLC analysis with the established gradient system comprising 1.5% acetic acid and acetonitrile. Five major isoflavonoids, including puerarin, daidzin, genistin, daidzein and genistein, were adopted as authentic standards. P. mirifica tubers showed intra- as well as inter-provincial differences in isoflavonoid and total isoflavonoid contents. The difference in both cases should be mostly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. In comparison with P. lobata, P. mirifica population exhibited differences only with a lower amount of daidzein. PMID:16930918

The trees and forests of Saskatchewan affect everyone. Forests provide wildlife habitat, watershed protection, erosion control, ecosystem stability, recreational opportunities, employment, carbon storage, and aesthetic and spiritual values. Saskatchewan`s forests are also a vital part of the province`s economy. The tables and facts presented in the pages of this document illustrate the most significant characteristics of Saskatchewan`s forest sector. Emphasis is on the forest industry and the forest land base from which trees are harvested. Most of the information presented in the document is based on data collected in 1992 Saskatchewan forest industry surveys. For the purpose of this report, forest industry includes primary and secondary wood-using industries.

The rhizospheres of cassava (Manihot esculenta) plants growing in Limpopo and Mpumulanga provinces in South Africa were sampled for the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The two provinces corresponded to high input commercial and low input subsistence agricultural soils, respectively. The Limpopo soils yielded Acaulospora scrobiculata, Glomus rubiforme and Gigaspora sp.1 whereas the Mpumulanga soils yielded Acaulospora scrobiculata, Acaulospora mellea, Acaulospora tuberculata, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus rubiforme, Gigaspora sp. 2 and Scutellospora sp., a total of eight species. The higher diversity in the Mpumulanga sites corresponded with lower soil nitrogen and total and available phosphorus levels. Descriptions of the species are given and the results are discussed in relat...

Reports on a map of brown coal mines published in 1912. The map includes brown coal and rock-salt mines and steelworks in the Silesia and Poznan provinces. The map scale is 1:45,000. A reproduction of the map is presented. Regions that bear brown coal in the two provinces are listed. Individual mines and mining companies are named. The map was drawn on the basis of mines and excavations existing at that time and shallow exploratory work. The map is in the German language. It is kept in the collections of the Central Geological Archives of the State Institute of Geology.

The paper is the first in a series addressing the issue of development options for coal in various regions of Canada and considers the Maritime Provinces, including Cape Breton Island. Topics considered are as follows: coal resources of the Maritime Provinces; social history and industrial relations; the Cape Breton Development Corporation; recent trends in maritime coal production and markets; development options including basic thermal coal markets in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, opportunities for additional markets, further increases in the use of coal in generating electricity, markets for metallurgical coal in Canada, increased exports, coal liquefaction, increases in Nova Scotia coal production and significance for regional development. 16 refs.

The establishment of the forest eco-compensation mechanism could realize the value of the forest ecosystem services partly or thoroughly, stress the equality of the stakeholders, encourage public participation in forest ecosystem tendering, and strengthen the capacity of sustainable management. Taking the Hainan province as an example, this study focuses on the analysis of major socioeconomic and ecological impacts of forest eco-compensation in the Qiongzhong County and Lingshui County, and recommends approaches and practices for the establishment of the eco-compensation mechanism in the Hainan Province. Data were collected from a household questionnaire survey. Altogether 120 households have been interviewed, and Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) was applied for data analys...

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) recently completed an assessment of the technically recoverable undiscovered hydrocarbon resources of the Appalachian Basin Province. The assessment province includes parts of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama. The assessment was based on six major petroleum systems, which include strata that range in age from Cambrian to Pennsylvanian. The Devonian Shale-Middle and Upper Paleozoic Total Petroleum System (TPS) extends generally from New York to Tennessee. This petroleum system has produced a large proportion of the oil and natural gas that has been discovered in the Appalachian basin since the drilling of the Drake well in Pennsylvania in 1859.\\r\

The ubiquity of the light hydrocarbon gases in the soils of petroleum provinces raised the question of their origin. To determine if there were any sources other than seepage from petroleum deposits and petroleum containing formations, the soil-gas hydrocarbon levels were measured in the Piedmont Province of the Appalachian Mountains, which is a metamorphosed region. The levels found are far lower than those in petroleum-producing areas, and much higher than atmospheric concentration levels. The hydrocarbons in the metamorphosed region are postulated to be the ancient fragments of the organic material present in the sedimentary rocks prior to metamorphism.

Objective Vientiane Province is an urbanizing region in Southeast Asia. We aimed to determine the prevalence of refractive error and visual impairment in primary school–aged children in this region. Design Prospective, cross-sectional survey. Participants A total of 2899 schoolchildren from Vientiane Province, Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). Methods Ten districts from Vientiane were randomly selected and 2 primary schools were randomly selected from each district. All children aged 6 to 11 years at selected schools were eligible to participate. The examination included visual acuity (VA) testing, cycloplegic retinoscopy with subjective refinement if indicated, ocular motility testing, and anterior segment and fundus examinations in visually impaired children. Main Outcom...

Abstract in english We report the first finding of Lymnaea viatrix south of parallel 41ºS, in rural and urban areas from Argentina. Ninety snails were collected during year 2000, from a concrete pond at a Public Square in El Bolsón Village, Río Negro province, and 811 snails in November 1999, and during 2000 from waterbodies within a farm at Cholila locality, Chubut province. Fasciola hepatica infection was detected in 0.9% snails from the rural area. We discuss the potential risk of L. viatrix to public health in urban areas and its epidemiological importance in rural areas of the Andean Patagonian region.

The Tajo River, the 10th largest river in Europe, drains part of the western passive margin of Europe that includes multiple tectonic elements of the Iberian plate. Modern fluvial sand composition in the Tajo River drainage basin reflects the nature of the source region, which lies in the central part of the Iberian Peninsula. Four fluvial petrographic provinces (A, B, C and D) can be established in the Tajo drainage basin, corresponding well with the four principal structural units drained: (1) the Iberian Range; (2) the Hesperian massif; (3) The Tertiary Tajo basin; and (4) the Neogene Santarem Lisboa basin. Province A corresponds to the Tajo River head and is characterized by quartzolithic sedimenticlastic sands (Qm67F4Lt29 and Rs79Rg3Rm18). These sands have been derived from diverse Mesozoic siliciclastics and carbonates of the Iberian Range. Province B appears in the upper reaches of the Tajo River course and is quartzofeldspathic (Qm57F34Lt9) with diverse rock fragments (Rs34Rg23Rm43). Sources are Hercynian granitoids and metasediments and Neogene clastics and minor carbonates of the Tertiary Tajo basin. Province C extends along the middle course of the Tajo River with quartzofeldspathic metamorphiclastic sand modes (Qm60F33Lt7; Rs4Rg21Rm75). The sources are metamorphic rocks intruded by plutonites of the Hesperian Massif. Province D is quartzofeldspathic (Qm55F39Lt6) with a dominance of phaneritic rock fragments (Rs5Rg33Rm62) and corresponds to the lower reaches of the Tajo River, where siliciclastic deposits of the Neogene Santarem Lisboa basin are the main sources. Sands plot on provenance-discrimination diagram (QmFLt) within the recycled-orogen field (Tajo River head) and continental-block fields (upper, middle and lower course). In addition, we have proven the usefulness of the RsRgRm diagram to discriminate the defined fluvial provinces, originating from heterogeneous parent-rock textures and mineralogy. Climate does not exert any strong influence on the petrogenesis of the Tajo River drainage basin sand, and erosion in the source areas may be described in terms of weathering-limited denudation regime. By contrast, mixing with tributary supplies is the main process that modifies composition in the Tajo River sand. The establishment of fluvial provinces related to the main bedrock structural units reflects the great relevance of tributaries from each province in the generation of the Tajo River sand and the low significance of inherited sandy load from previous provinces. The abundance of granitoid rock fragments (RsRgRm%Rg) in fluvial sand of both tributaries and main channel of the Tajo River drainage basin faithfully represents the relative abundance of granodiorite+monzogranite bedrock exposure in each subbasin. Metasedimentary and metamorphic bedrock outcrop area is overrepresented by metamorphic rock fragments (RsRgRm%Rm) in both sand from tributaries and from the Tajo main trunk river. This is manifested by differences of 18 23% between means of metasedimentary outcrop area and the RsRgRm%Rm mean in the sand from Provinces B and C+D, respectively. Sedimentary (mainly carbonate) outcrop area is underrepresented or not represented by sedimentary rock fragments (RsRgRm%Rs) in sand of the Tajo River. This underrepresentation causes a difference between means of sedimentary outcrop area and the RsRgRm%Rs mean of 21%, 17.1% and 10.7% in sands from Province A, B and C+D, respectively. This fact confirms the rapid loss of these grains during transport because of their labile nature.

Instruments/Sensors. bullet, Platforms/Sources .... The Chaco data resides in 1 book, 'El Campo del Cielo' (C/hd05 B962 P4377) written in Spanish. ... from the Campo del Cielo region of the province of Chaco in Argentina for January 1899.

The Mojave province in southern California preserves a comparatively complete record of assembly, postorogenic sedimentation, and rifting along the southwestern North American continental margin. The oldest exposed rocks are metasedimentary gneisses and amphibolite, enclosing intrusive suites that range from tonalite and quartz mon-zodiorite to granite with minor trondhjemite. Discrete magmatic episodes occurred at approximately 1790-1730 and 1690-1640 Ma. Evidence from detrital and premagmatic zircons indicates that recycling of 1900-1790 Ma Paleopro-terozoic crust formed the unique isotopic character of the Mojave province. Peak metamorphic conditions in the Mojave province reached middle amphibolite to granulite facies; metamorphism occurred locally from 1795 to 1640 Ma, with widespread evidence for metamorphism at 1711-1689 and 1670-1650 Ma. Structures record early, tight to isoclinal folding and penetrative west-vergent shear during the final metamorphic event in the west Mojave province. Proterozoic basement rocks are overlain by siliciclastic-carbonate sequences of Mesoproterozoic, Neoproterozoic, and Cambrian age, recording environmental change over the course of the transition from stable Mojave crust to the rifted Cordilleran margin. Neoproterozoic quartzites have diverse zircon populations inconsistent with a southwest North American source, which we infer were derived from the western conjugate rift pair within Rodinia, before establishment of the miogeocline. Neoproterozoic-Cambrian miogeoclinal clastic rocks record an end to rifting and establishment of the Cordilleran miogeocline in southern California by latest Neoproterozoic to Early Cambrian time. ?? 2009 by The University of Chicago.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal viral vector-borne zoonosis which has a mortality rate of up to 30% without treatment in humans. CCHF virus is transmitted to humans by ticks, predominantly from the Hyalomma genus. Following the report of two confirmed and one suspected death due to CCHF virus in Kurdistan province of Iran in 2007, this study was undertaken to determine the fauna of hard ticks on domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats) and their possible infection with CCHF virus using reverse transcription PCR technique. This is the first detection of CCHF virus in ticks from the Kurdistan province of Iran. Overall, 414 ixodid ticks were collected from two districts in this province. They represented four genera from which 10 separate species were identified. The Hyalomma genus was the most abundant tick genus (70%). It was the only genus shown to be infected with the CCHF virus using RT-PCR technique. The number of ticks positive for CCHF virus was 5 out of 90 (5.6%) adult ticks. The three remaining genera (Haemaphysalis, Rhipicephalus, and Dermacentor) were all negative following molecular survey. Four of the five virally-infected ticks were from cattle mainly in the Sanandaj district. We concluded that CCHF virus is present in the Hyalomma ticks on domestic ruminants (cattle) in Kurdistan province of Iran. PMID:22651389

This paper aims to examine the potential of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) to address energy- related issues during the rural transition process in China, using a case study of quickly urbanizing and industrializing Yinzhou district in coastal Zhejiang province. Yinzhou?s per capita GDP reach...

Nov 18, 2011 ... Afterwards, Mike & Dan worked in the WHC (Waste & Hygiene ... KTO & KBO solid waste containers, replacement of EDV-SV waste water and EDV-U urine .... Ridge Physiographic Province of the southern Appalachian Mountains. ... New Mexico, in and around the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge [NWR].

Abstract in english Albinism has been widely reported for diverse group of vertebrates. However, scoliosis is a rare abnormality. In this work, the first record of partial albinism and scoliosis case in tadpole of the frog Odontophrynus occidentalis is being presented. The individual was captured in Quebrada de las Flores, Sierra Pie de Palo, Caucete Department, San Juan Province, Argentina.

A wild population of the lymnaeid snail Pseudosuccinea columella infected by larval stages of Fasciola hepatica was discovered in the Pinar del Río Province, Cuba. One of 100 snails was infected in a rice culture field. This is the first time this species has been found acting as intermediate host o...

In the course of an investigation in 1962-64 into the natural occurrence of brucellosis among grey foxes in Argentina, agglutination tests were performed on 728 sera of the foxes Dusicyon gymnocercus antiquus and D. griseus griseus, captured in the provinces of Buenos Aires and Rio Negro. Agglutinat...

On 13 July 2003, a landslide with a volume of approximately 20 × 106 m3 occurred on the left bank of the Qinggan River, Zigui County, Hubei Province, China. As a result, 14 people died and 10 people are missing. A landslide dam was formed, blocking the Qinggan River. A channelized diversion was cons...

Report and geological map (1:50,000) of Espiel in the province of Cordoba. Coal mining has been resumed over the last few years in the Guadiato coalfield as a result of the economic crisis. The largest deposits are in the Westphalian B and form the main target for the mine companies currently involved in both deep and opencast mining. 19 refs.

This study demonstrates the potential of deriving palaeoenvironmental information from carbon isotope composition (?¹³C) and wood anatomy properties along the growth radii of two Breonadia salicina trees from Limpopo province, South Africa. An age model, based on AMS dating an...

The origin of the Christmas Island Seamount Province in the northeast Indian Ocean is enigmatic. The seamounts do not form the narrow, linear and continuous trail of volcanoes that would be expected if they had formed above a mantle plume. Volcanism above a fracture in the lithosphere is also unlikely, because the fractures trend orthogonally with respect to the east-west trend of the Christmas Island chain. Here we combine 40Ar/39Ar age, Sr, Nd, Hf and high-precision Pb isotope analyses of volcanic rocks from the province with plate tectonic reconstructions. We find that the seamounts are 47-136 million years old, decrease in age from east to west and are consistently 0-25 million years younger than the underlying oceanic crust, consistent with formation near a mid-ocean ridge. The seamounts also exhibit an enriched geochemical signal, indicating that recycled continental lithosphere was present in their source. Plate tectonic reconstructions show that the seamount province formed at the position where West Burma began separating from Australia and India, forming a new mid-ocean ridge. We propose that the seamounts formed through shallow recycling of delaminated continental lithosphere entrained in mantle that was passively upwelling beneath the mid-ocean ridge. We conclude that shallow recycling of continental lithosphere at mid-ocean ridges could be an important mechanism for the formation of seamount provinces in young ocean basins.

The evolution of electric power consumption on public lighting in Spain is obtained from DMSP-OLS satellite data and compared with official data. We provide trends for each Spanish province. Radiance calibrated images for the Iberian peninsula for 1996 and 2006 are shown. We are using pictures taken...

The Algarve Basin is the southernmost geological province of portugal. The nowledge of its offshore geology is limited to a few hydrocarbon exploration wells and seismic profiles. Two of these wells, Ruivo-1 and Corvina, were studied in order to assess its organic maturation levels and age using t...

The definitive version is available at www3.interscience.wiley.com , Objective? To analyse the outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in routine conditions in a rural hospital in the Far-North province of Cameroon. Method? Retrospective cohort study of 1187 patients >15?years who started ART betw...

The component structure of a 34-item scale measuring different aspects of job satisfaction was investigated among extension officers in North West Province, South Africa. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 40 extension officers from which data were collected. A structured question...

There has been a big debate on the evolution of agricultural development (AD), the challenges and problems hindering AD in Iran since last decade. This study was implemented in the province of Esfahan and a number of 130 out of 212 agricultural experts from 13 different townships were selected as th...

The Agency`s sole objective has been to reduce regional electrical rate disparities by equalizing generation and transmission (upstream) costs province-wide. Operated under the jurisdiction of the Dept. of Energy, this annual report of the Agency covers Agency operations, mandate, pooling process, and shielding of low-cost utilities. A financial statement is included.

Abstract Through his description of two projects in two very different regions of China, architect Li Xiaodong demonstrates how a reflexive approach that is responsive to local conditions results in buildings with contrasting personalities: the Bridge School in Fujian Province being dynamic and the Liyuan Library in Huairou County, on the outskirts of Beijing, being tranquil.

Because the construction of dams and hydro-electric power stations of Liujiaxia and Yanguoxia across the Yellow River in West Gansu Province, North-West China, inhabitants in the reservoir areas were resettled in Heifangtai Loess Platform. Irrigation thus started in 1968. Perched water table was sig...

BACKGROUND: Despite Vietnam's success in reducing malaria mortality and morbidity over the last decade, malaria persists in the forested and mountainous areas of the central and southern provinces, where more than 50% of the clinical cases and 90% of severe cases and malaria deaths occur. METHODS: B...

Black root rot is an important disease of strawberry caused by a complex of fungi including species of Rhizoctonia. In this study the Rhizoctonia species and anastomosis groups isolated from diseased strawberries in the Western Cape Province were determined, and their pathogenicity and relative vir...

This objective of this study is to determine and analyse the causes of design changes when executing petrochemical process plant projects in the Mpumalanga and Free State Provinces in South Africa. Data for analysis was obtained through a questionnaire survey based on the literature review. Although...

This article examines the opinions of the local population on the south coast of the Spanish province of Alicante regarding the development of tourism in recent years, analysing their perception of the benefits of tourism using the social exchange theory. This study is presented in two stages. The q...

Peer reviewed , Detection and description of conflicts when assisting aged people in the socio-health sphere in Guipúzcoa's province. This study is part of a larger research funded by the UPV/EHU dealing with old age conflicts and suggesting interventions based on mediation and conflict resolution. Sem...

DDT is used for indoor residual spraying (IRS) in Limpopo Province, northern South Africa to control malaria. Through IRS, DDT may reach the outdoor environment via dust and air and from possible spillages during application. In this area the local people consume domestic chickens, wild fish or bird...

Abstract: The study is based on field researches made in 2006–2007 in order to determine the phytophagous arthropod species and the deployment of those species that are economically important in the oil-bearing rose production fields in the province of Isparta. As a result, 62 species were determine...

In 2003, H5N1 avian influenza virus infections were diagnosed in two Hong Kong residents who had visited the Fujian province in mainland China, affording us the opportunity to characterize one of the viral isolates, A/Hong Kong/213/03 (HK213; H5N1). In contrast to H5N1 viruses isolated from humans d...

18 pages, 7 tables, 7 figures | [EN] In this work, carried out between 1973 and 1984, the distribution of Helicella (H.) itala in the province of León, and different characteristics of its habitat have been studied. Furthermore, the variations in the prevalence and intensity of the molluscs infectio...

A new possible impact crater was discovered in Catamarca Province: the structure at Sierra Ambato (28º 03" 23.22” S, 66º 03" 11.06” W), located at Sierras Pampeanas (3,500 m.a.s.l). It has 1.0 km in diameter.

Can federal-state relations affect popular protests? Using an extensive dataset measuring local protests in the Argentine provinces (2002–2006), I assess the effects of the president’s and governors’ tactical allocations on the persistence of contentious events. I analyze how the delivery of federal...

OBJECTIVE: To measure the HIV seroprevalence rate in a surrogate sample of the general population in the province of Quebec, using a network of sentinel hospitals. DESIGN: Anonymous unlinked sentinel surveillance study. SETTING: Outpatient surgery units in 19 acute care hospitals throughout Quebec. ...

Dendrocalamus membranaceus Munro is a woody bamboo with a high economic and ecological value that often occurs as natural stands, such as in the large-scale forested areas of China’s Yunnan Province. Due to its overexploitation, the habitat of D. membranaceus in Yunnan has been dramatically reduced,...

An assemblage of Middle Cambrian Atlantic faunal province trilobites has been found in the rocks of the Carolina slate belt near Batesburg, South Carolina. Geologic and paleomagnetic data suggest that the Carolina slate belt and the adjacent Charlotte belt constitute an exotic terrane that was accreted to North America in early to middle Paleozoic time.

We report a case of human nasal myiasis caused by flower fly larva in a 14-year-old rural girl in Central Province of Iran. Entomological studies on larva showed the larva as Eristalis tenax which is a rarely cause of nasal myiasis. This is the first reported case of E. tenax larva causing human nas...

River water used to irrigate arable land in Dayu County, Jiangxi Province, China, is polluted with cadmium from tailings and the wastewater of tungsten ore dressing plants. From information about the date on construction of ore dressing plants and an analysis of the annual growth rings of trees, we ...

The U.S. Geological Survey estimated mean volumes of technically recoverable, conventional, undiscovered petroleum resources at 1.4 billion barrels of crude oil, 2.4 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, and 85 million barrels of natural gas liquids for the Volga-Ural Region Province, using a geology-based assessment methodology.

Studies were made with the object of complete utilization of forest residues. They showed that Quercus cerris, Myrtus species and Phyllirea species from the Maremma region of Tuscany, and Q. pubescens and Rhamnus alaternus from the Montecatini region of the province were suitable for economic exploitation. For all these species, the normal cutting time coincided with the optimum yield of furfural. 11 references.