Science.gov (United States)

Jan 13, 2011 ... This 360-degree mosaic of images from the navigation camera on ... The Radiation Assessment Detector, shown prior to its September 2010 ...

Science.gov (United States)

Jun 30, 2003 ... He graduated from training with top honors and served as a parachute rigger and paratrooper for the 82nd airborne division at Fort Bragg, ...

Science.gov (United States)

star formation. To either side of the center, a small bar of dust and gas is helping to fuel the new stars. NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., manages the...

Science.gov (United States)

May 1, 2011 ... Abstract: Diatek Corporation, San Diego, CA and the Jet Propulsion Lab developed the Diatek Model 7000 aural thermometer which weighs ...

Science.gov (United States)

Surface pressure measurements at mid span indicate that flow separation begins near ..... Turbomachinery Flows, AGARD Propulsion Energetics Panel, 1998. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Post-drive imaging included 360-degree view by the navigation camera and .... Sol 938: Opportunity completed another assessment of the clarity of the sky. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Jan 22, 2011 ... dc.subject.other, Cost cost estimating budgets budget estimating ... dc.title, Estimating the Cost of Doing a Cost Estimate, en_US ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new direction for the national laboratories is to assist US business with research and development, primarily through cooperative research and development agreements (CRADAs). Technology transfer to the private sector has been very successful as over 200 CRADAs are in place at Sandia. Because of these cooperative efforts, technology has evolved into some new areas not commonly associated with the former mission of the national laboratories. An example of this is the analysis of fabric structures. Explicit analyses and expertise in constructing parachutes led to the development of a next generation automobile airbag; which led to the construction, testing, and analysis of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Mars Environmental Survey Lander; and finally led to the development of CAD based custom garment designs using 3D scanned images of the human body. The structural analysis of these fabric structures is described as well as a more traditional ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Test bed trials of the Sulzer RTA84 dual-fuel engine were successfully completed at the IHI Aioi engine works (Japan) in April 1986. This newly-developed engine-type, output range 15 to 40 MW, can be operated with both diesel or heavy oil and methane gas at comparable thermal efficiency and unchanged output. The RTA dual-fuel engine was developed in close collaboration between Sulzer Brothers Limited and its Japanese licenses. Intended for the propulsion of LNG carriers, where the boil-off gas from the ship's cargo is exploited for the generation of electricity in stationary plants, the RTA dual-fuel engines is an economic and reliable alternative to the steam or gas turbine. The performance of the engine is discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Upon request by the Science and Technology Agency of Japanese Government, the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute has conducted Piping Reliability Test Program to demonstrate the safety and reliability of light water reactor primary pipings. In this report, the results of the program are summarized. In the test program, pipe fatigue tests, Leak-Before-Break (LBB) verification tests and pipe rupture tests were carried out to examine the integrity of pipings, to verify the LBB concept and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the protective measures against jet impingement and pipe whip under pipe rupture event, respectively. In the pipe fatigue tests, a procedure to predict the fatigue crack growth was developed and the integrity of piping during plant service life was demonstrated. In the LBB verification tests, pipe fracture tests and leak rate tests were performed using cracked pipes. Based on the test results, LBB in the primary pipings was ...

Science.gov (United States)

The GeoSAR (geographic synthetic aperture radar) program is a Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) sponsored program organized in cooperation with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and the California Department of Conservation. Some aspects of the program have been existent for almost two years. The technical goal of the program has been the development of rapid-mapping radar technologies, and has now, as its principal challenge, the development of a capability for terrain mapping under foliage. In this paper, we discuss validation of current technology and examine the utility of data products currently produced by the Environmental Research Institute of MIchigan's (ERIM) IFSARE, JPL's TOPSAR, and JPL's AIRSAR. We find that ERIM's X-band IFSARE system produces elevation maps to better than 2-m accuracy. Based on this we determine that TOPSAR elevation maps are accurate to at least 5 m. We also demonstrate the utility of JPL's ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... fluidic control devices performance reactor control systems space propulsion

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Hayashi, Shinichiro Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan)

Science.gov (United States)

No Abstract Available

Science.gov (United States)

No Abstract Available

Science.gov (United States)

... Examples include magnetic forming tools, magnetic shielding, magnetohydrodynamic propulsion systems, and various magnetic containment ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

When the history of neutrons is considered, three large discoveries are recalled, that is, the discovery of neutrons by Chadwick in 1932, the discovery of the nuclear fission of uranium by Hahn and Strassmann in 1938, and the continuation of chain reaction in nuclear fission by Fermi and others in 1942. In neutron capture reaction, the reaction cross section can become very large. The fields of research, to which neutrons have contributed most as the experimental probe, are neutron activation analysis and neutron diffraction. The development of the prompt gamma ray analyzer at the JRR-3M in Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute is reported. This method eliminates the various defects in ordinary neutron activation analysis. By installing the cold neutron source with hydrogen cooling in the JRR-3M, the new field of research was opened. As the combination of a lead-moderated spectrometer and an electron beam type accelerator, the Kyoto University lead slowing-down ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The purposes of the pipe rupture studies at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute are to perform the model tests on the pipe whip of a pipe-restraints system, to get jet impingement force and blowdown thrust force, and to establish the computational method for the analysis of these phenomena. This paper presents the experimental and analytical results of the pipe whip tests carried out under the PWR LOCA conditions using the test pipe of 4-inch diameter and the U-shaped restraints. In the tests, the gap between the test pipe and the restraints was set nearly constant and the overhang length was 250 mm, 400 mm or 650 mm. The dynamic strains and residual deformations of the test pipe and restraints, and the restraint force were measured to clarify the effects of the overhang length on the pipe whip behaviors of the pipe-restraints system. It was confirmed from the pressure data that the present pipe whip tests were performed under the PWR ...

Science.gov (United States)

... values and unless special precautions and equipment are used, it would be very difficult to service and maintain operational jet-fuel systems with ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... edge localized modes h-mode plasma confinement jet tokamak l-mode plasma

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aug 2010 p. 31-35 Japan Kishioka, Kazuhiko Japan Atomic Industrial Forum,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Power Company, Tokyo (Japan) Ishida, T. Japan Atomic Power Company,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Japan) Kobayashi, Minoru AITEL Corp., Yokohama, Kanagawa (Japan)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The influence of the main factors on device efficiency of pulsed liquid jet pump with gas-liquid piston is analysed, the theoretical equation and its time-averaged solution of pulsed liquid jet pump device efficiency are derived. The theoretical and experimental results show that the efficiency of transmission of energy and mass to use pulsed jet is greatly raised, compared with steady jet, in the same device of liquid jet pump. The calculating results of time-averaged efficiency of pulsed liquid jet pump are approximately in agreement with the experimental results in our and foreign countries

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This bibliography includes over 600 references (with abstracts) on all aspects of waterjet cutting and cleaning. The references are listed under the following chapter headings: fluid mechanics of jets; jet impact; equipment; jet cleaning; jet cutting; civil engineering; mining and tunnelling; precision cutting; underwater; safety; and bibliographies. Separate author and corporate source indexes are provided.

Science.gov (United States)

An experimental investigation of heat transfer characteristics for various configurations of air jets impinging on the leading edge inner surface of a gas turbine blade wall is presented. Three configurations were investigated, namely a slot jet, a round ...

Science.gov (United States)

Subcommittee of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy of the United States, Outer Space Propulsion by Nuclear Energy, hearings, 85th Cong., 2d sess., 22, ...

Science.gov (United States)

test bed (ADTT) tools technology. Glenn. Research. Center: Aircraft icing training video for regional and cor- porate pilots. Numerical propulsion ...

Science.gov (United States)

Hamed, A. and A. Mohamed, "Assessment of Shock Induced Flow Separation and ...... AGARD Symposium on Combined Cycle Propulsion for Hypersonic Application, ...

Wastenet

KOREA-JAPAN NUCLEAR WEAPON FREE ZONE (KJNWFZ) CONCEPT PAPER ...A Korea-Japan2 Nuclear Weapon Free Zone (hereafter KJNWFZ) is a new concept.Once realized, ...Finally, we outline the key elements of the Korea-Japan NWFZ proposed in this paper, noting

Science.gov (United States)

... TITLE (Include Security Classification) Sorption of Selected Volatile Organic Constituents of Jet Fuels and Solvents on Natural Sorbents from Gas ...

Science.gov (United States)

Two hundred eleven references from the period 1951 to 1978 are reviewed in this survey of literature on the thermal stability of jet aircraft fuels.

Science.gov (United States)

NASA 1996 STTR Phase I. Proposal Number: 960022. Project Title: ADVANCED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE USING JET FUELS FOR LIGHT AIRCRAFT ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Masahiro Tsukada, Takashi Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki (Japan)

Science.gov (United States)

This is Japan Report with Science and Technology. It contains the issues with different topics on biotecnology, defense industry, nuclear engineering, Marine technology, science and technology policy.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Feb 2006 p. 80-84 Japan Mizuno, R. Matsuda, F. Japan Power Engineering

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The two-dimensional Eulerian hydrodynamic code 2DE with the shock initiation of heterogeneous explosive burn model called Forest Fire, is used to model numerically the interaction of jets of steel, copper, tantalum, aluminum, and water with steel, water, and explosive targets. The calculated and experimental critical condition for propagating detonation may be described by the Held V/sup 2/d expression (jet velocity squared times the jet diameter). In PBX 9502, jets initiate an overdriven detonation smaller than the critical diameter, which either fails or enlarges to greater than the critical diameter while the overdriven detonation decays to the C-J state. In PBX 9404, the jet initiates a detonation that propagates only if it is maintained by the jet for an interval sufficient to establish a stable curved detonation front. The calculated penetration velocities ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report forms part of a joint study on a PEFC propulsion system for surface ships, summarized in a presentation to this Seminar, entitled {open_quotes}Study on a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) Propulsion System for Surface Ships{close_quotes}, and which envisages application to a 1,500 DWT cargo vessel. The aspect treated here concerns an experiment in reducing by methanation to a level below 10 ppm the CO that is contained to around 1% in reformate gas.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The ankle plantar flexor muscles, gastrocnemius (Gas) and soleus (Sol), have been shown to play important roles in providing body support and forward propulsion during human walking. However, there...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

As a part of a phenomenological model, a method for simulating the wall/jet interaction in a direct injection diesel engine is proposed. The method is based on the application of the momentum conservation equation in the different directions in which the wall jet is spread, and takes into account both the interaction with the combustion chamber geometry and with swirl. It takes as initial conditions the results of calculating the free jet, which is divided into packages. The predictions provide good agreement with those by other researchers. (author).

Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

No Abstract Available

Science.gov (United States)

No Abstract Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pipe whip tests or jet discharge tests have been performed at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, which simulate the instantaneous circumferential guillotine break of primary coolant piping in nuclear power plants. The present paper describes the results of the pipe whip tests using test pipes of 4 inch diameter, under the BWR LOCA conditions, which were performed from 1979 to 1981. The tests were carried out at an initial pressure of about 6.8 MPa and an initial temperature of about 285/sup 0/C. The test pipe was 114.3 mm (4 in) in diameter, 8.6 mm in thickness and 4500 mm in length. The four pipe whip restraints used in the tests were the U-bar type of 8 mm in diameter and frabricated from Type 304 stainless steel. The experimental parameters were the clearance (30, 50 and 100 mm) and the overhang length (250, 400, 550 and 1000 mm). The main purpose of these tests is to investigate the effects of the clearance and the overhang length ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Japanese (Mar 1974). Japan Mabuchi, Toshio Kuwada, Hikaru . Kagawa Univ.,

Science.gov (United States)

... Examples are when carbon dioxide and volcanic ash emitted into the atmosphere by volcanic eruptions ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... 1343-3563 v. 57(1) SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Systems Research and Development Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa (Japan)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Engineering, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka (Japan) Hattanda, Takumi NTT Advanced

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Joint European Torus (JET) fusion machine is the only device capable of operation with tritium (as fuel) and Be (as plasma facing component), what makes it best suited to study ITER relevant issues. A large variety of activities are performed within the JET Fusion Technology Task Force. In this paper, some topics such as erosion/deposition and material transport, flakes characterization and detritiation techniques are highlighted. Recent results obtained using a pumping cryo-panel and on plasma facing component characterisation are given. Finally, issues that will be addressed in the forthcoming JET work-programme are presented, such as a beryllium main wall for JET and in-situ laser detritiation. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To clarify the effects of the principal factors that govern the thermal fragmentation of a molten metallic fuel jet in the course of fuel-coolant interaction, which is important in evaluating the sequence of core disruptive accidents (CDAs) for metallic fuel fast reactors, basic experiments were carried out using molten metallic fuel simulants (copper and silver) and a sodium pool.Fragmentation of a molten metal jet with a solid crust was caused by internal pressure produced by the boiling of sodium, which is locally entrapped inside the jet due to hydrodynamic motion between the jet and the coolant. The superheating and the latent heat of fusion of the jet are the principal factors governing this type of thermal fragmentation. On the other hand, the effect of the initial sodium temperature is regarded as negligible in the case of thermal conditions expected to result in CDAs for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to predict the effect of a fuel-coolant interaction after a hypothetical core-melt-down accident, a phenomenological model has been developed to describe the thermal and hydrodynamic behavior of a high-temperature molten jet when it interacts with saturated or subcooled water in a film boiling regime. The mechanisms of jet-material erosion were analyzed by Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities on the coherent column and by boundary layer stripping on the leading edge. The heat transfer coefficient, vapor-film thickness, and net steam generation, all of which strongly affect the jet-breakup behavior, were solved analytically. It was found that the jet breakup (or erosion) depends strongly on the steam generation from the jet/water interaction. The jet-breakup length (i.e., penetration distance) was found to be sensitive to the initial jet ...

CERN Document Server

Land snails move via adhesive locomotion. Through muscular contraction and expansion of their foot, they transmit waves of shear stress through a thin layer of mucus onto a solid substrate. Since a free surface cannot support shear stress, adhesive locomotion is not a viable propulsion mechanism for water snails that travel inverted beneath the free surface. Nevertheless, the motion of the freshwater snail, Sorbeoconcha physidae, is reminiscent of that of its terrestrial counterparts, being generated by the undulation of the snail foot that is separated from the free surface by a thin layer of mucus. Here, a lubrication model is used to describe the mucus flow in the limit of small amplitude interfacial deformations. By assuming the shape of the snail foot to be a traveling sine wave and the mucus to be Newtonian, an evolution equation for the interface shape is obtained and the resulting propulsive force on the snail is calculated. This ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Fuels", Paper AIAA-91-2451, 27th AIAA/SAE/ASME ... to-surface ballistic missiles than space-based space-to ... an effective hit-to-kill weapon without the ...

Science.gov (United States)

Radiation Measurement in Crew Compartment. DTO 805: .... spacecraft and aircraft propulsion, and hazardous waste disposal. ...... combustion reactions in a turbulent chemical kinetic flow reactor using laser induced fluorescence and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Various energy sources and motors of divers types can be used in electric cars with operating modes subjected to a number of particular constraints. As a result, the possible structures of the converters, that are analysed in detail, are about a dozen in number. Also considered is the use of solid-state components - thyristors, power transistors and new components.

Science.gov (United States)

Four temperature sensors were provided instead of the previous two sensors. 4. ... Incoming signals from either one or two ground stations at a frequency of .... The propulsion subsystem consists of a single solid-propellant rocket motor. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Aug 25, 2004 ... Current Developments in Future Planetary Probe Sensors: .... Data: Outgoing and incoming EIA RS-422 interface for serial data transmission (for electrical purposes only, .... Milos, et. al, Journal of Spacecraft & Rockets 1999 ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Instrumented treadmills offer significant advantages for analysis of human locomotion, including recording consecutive steady-state gait cycles, precisely controlling walking speed, and avoiding...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The performance of the gas-jet transport system coupled to the RIKEN gas-filled recoil ion separator GARIS was investigated using 255No produced in the 238U(22Ne, 5n)255No reaction. Alpha particles of 255No separated with GARIS and transported by the gas-jet system were measured with a rotating wheel apparatus for ? spectrometry under low background condition. The high gas-jet efficiencies of about 75% were independent of the recoil ranges of 255No in the gas-jet chamber. The present results suggest that the GARIS/gas-jet system is a promising tool for the next-generation superheavy element chemistry: (1) the background radioactivities of unwanted reaction products are strongly suppressed, (2) the intense beam is absent in the gas-jet chamber and hence the high gas-jet efficiency is achieved, and (3) the beam-free condition also allows for ...

Science.gov (United States)

Heating and cooling by impinging jets is widely used in various engineering applications, due to the high heat transfer rates prevailing in the vicinity of the stagnation point. The authors have been able to utilize acoustically excited turbulence for the...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The technology of nuclear direct propulsion orbit transfer systems based on the Particle Bed Reactor (PBR) is described. A 200 megawatt illustrative design is presented for LEO to GEO and other high #DELTA#V missions. The PBR-NOTV can be used in a one-way mode with the shuttle or an expendable launch vehicle, e.g., the Titan 34D7, or as a two-way reusable space tug. In the one-way mode, payload capacity is almost three times greater than that of chemical OTV's. PBR technology status is described and development needs outlined.

Science.gov (United States)

High-level ab initio calculations have been performed on the exo and endo isomers of gas-phase

Science.gov (United States)

The Ames autotracking airborne sun photometer was used to investigate the spectral depth between 380

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report of an interview with T. Watamori, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the New Energy Development Organization (NEDO), Japan outlines the general activities of NEDO, and then gives emphasis to the prospects of the liquefaction of brown coal from Australia. (In Japanese)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Sunshine Project of Japan was inaugurated in 1974. Since 1980 it has been promoting priority projects such as coal liquefaction. Japan is now promoting the basic and applied research that underpins this development and is increasing the efficiency of technical development. With regard to risk dispersion, the expansion of international cooperation such as the IEA is being promoted.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The impingement of a fluid jet onto a surface has broad applications across many industries. Within the UK nuclear industry, during the final stages of fuel reprocessing, impinging fluid jets are utilised to mobilise settled sludge material within storage tanks and ponds in preparation for transfer and ultimate immobilisation through vitrification. Despite the extensive applications of impinging jets within the nuclear and other industries, the study of two-phase, solid loaded, impinging jets is limited, and generally restricted to computational modelling. Surprisingly, very little fundamental understanding of the turbulence structure within such fluid flows through experimental investigation is found within the literature. The physical modelling of impinging jet systems could successfully serve to aid computer model validation, determine operating requirements, evaluate plant ...

Science.gov (United States)

The synthesis of experimental data concerning the effect of jet stagnation conditions on the drag of various afterbodies is presented. Jet pressure ratio effect on boattail pressure and on boundary layer separation is analyzed. This study is made for several values of the boundary layer thickness, taking into account the fact that some test rigs make its control possible by means of tangential blowing.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This research investigates experimentally mixed convection and heat transfer augmentation by forced jets in a large enclosure, at conditions simulating those of actual passive containment cooling systems and scales approaching those of actual containment buildings or compartments. The experiment was designed to measure the key parameters governing the heat transfer augmentation by forced jets and investigate the effects of geometric factors, including the jet diameter, jet injection orientation, interior structures, and enclosure aspect ratio. The tests cover a variety of injection modes leading to flow configurations of interest that contribute to reveal the nature of mixing and stratification phenomena in the containment under accident conditions of interest. The heat transfer of mixed convection can be predicted to be controlled by jet Archimedes number and geometric factors. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In order to facilitate observations of low energy nuclear reactions, a new type recoil mass-separator together with a new gas-jet target system is being developed at the tandem accelerator facility in Kyushu University. The expected mass-resolving power of the separator is 220 for a solid angle of 10 msr and the practical thickness of the gas-jet target will exceed 0.1 atm#centre dot#cm for the light elements of H and He. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Toshiba Corporation, Isogo Engineering Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa (Japan)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Japanese ... Authors Kuno, Yusuke; Esaka, Konomi (Tokyo Univ., Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo (Japan))

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Japanese Mar 1999 p. 371-372 Japan Shi, Dequan Yamazaki, Takashi

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Yoshiaki Toshiba Corp., Nuclear Power Division, Yokohama, Kanagawa (Japan)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Japanese (Sep 1974). Japan Kudo, Susumu . Kansai Medical School,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(Jun 1978). United States Chino, K. Hitachi Research Lab., Japan Kikuchi,

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study, we investigate an inter-industrial and inter-regional recycling system for industrial waste by the cement industry in Japan. We develop a linear programming model that represents cement production processes and waste transportation of all cement factories in Japan. We simulate cost and CO{sub 2}-minimizing systems. The result implies that making waste transportation more efficient in cost is an effective means for CO{sub 2} reduction. (author)

CERN Document Server

We review the current status of resolved X-ray emission associated with extragalactic radio jets and hotspots. The primary question for any particular jet is to decide if the X-rays come from the synchrotron process or from inverse Compton scattering. There is considerable evidence supporting synchrotron emission for knots in the jets of FRI galaxies. For FRII terminal hotspots detected in the X-ray band, synchrotron self-Compton emission continues to provide viable models with one possible exception (so far). Inverse Compton scattering on photons of the cosmic microwave background is indicated for a few powerful jets, and is expected to be an important contributor if not the dominating mechanism for higher redshift objects. The application of a model generally yields physical parameters and in many cases, these include the Doppler boosting factor.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Differential cross sections for dijet photoproduction in association with a leading neutron using the reaction e{sup +}+p{yields}e{sup +}+n+jet+jet+X{sub r} have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 6.4 pb{sup -1}. The fraction of dijet events with a leading neutron in the final state was studied as a function of the jet kinematic variables. The cross sections were measured for jet transverse energies E{sub T}{sup jet}>6 GeV, neutron energy E{sub n}>400 GeV, and neutron production angle {theta}{sub n}<0.8 mrad. The data are broadly consistent with factorization of the lepton and hadron vertices and with a simple one-pion-exchange model.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This experimental research investigates mixed convection and heat transfer augmentation by gaseous forced jets in a large enclosure, at conditions simulating those of passive containment cooling systems for Gen III+ passively safe reactors. The experiment is designed to measure the key parameters governing heat transfer augmentation by forced jets, and to investigate the effects of geometric factors, including the jet diameter, jet injection orientation, interior structures, and enclosure aspect ratio. The tests cover a variety of injection modes leading to flow configurations of interest for mixing and stratification phenomena in containments under accident conditions. Correlations for heat transfer augmentation by forced jets are developed and compared with experimental data. The characteristic recirculation speed inside the enclosure is introduced and analyzed. Steady stratified ...

CERN Document Server

Context. The high energies of protostellar jets, implied by recent observations of X-rays from such flows, came very much as a surprise. Inferred shock velocities are considerably higher than what was previously known, hence putting even larger energy demands on the driving sources of the jets. The statistics of X-ray emitting jets are still poor, yet a few cases exist which seem to imply a correlation between the presence of HeI 1.0830 mu emission and X-ray radiation in a given source. Aims. This tentative correlation needs confirmation and explanation. If the jet regions of HeI 1.0830 mu emission are closely associated with those producing X-rays, high resolution infared spectroscopy can be used to observationally study the velocity fields in the hot plasma regions of the jets. This would provide the necessary evidence to test and further develop theoretical models of ...

CERN Document Server

Being able to distinguish light-quark jets from gluon jets on an event-by-event basis could significantly enhance the reach for many new physics searches at the Large Hadron Collider. Through an exhaustive search of existing and novel jet substructure observables, we find that a multivariate approach can filter out over 95% of the gluon jets while keeping more than half of the light-quark jets. Moreover, a combination of two simple variables, the charge track multiplicity and the pT-weighted linear radial moment (girth), can achieve similar results. While this pair appears very promising, our study is only Monte Carlo based, and other discriminants may work better with real data in a realistic experimental environment. To that end, we explore many other observables constructed using different jet sizes and parameters, and highlight those that deserve further ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The objective was to study the interaction of a side jet with the incoming supersonic flow and hypersonic flow. Qualitatively same Cp trends have been obtained as found experimentally. Also in aerodynamic coefficients side jet interaction results in additional pitching moment which is because of the high pressure region in upstream of the jet and a low pressure region in the downstream of the jet. Also jet interaction results in the rise in the lift coefficient. Whereas in the incidence case, simulation has been performed for the hypersonic flows over a biconic body with supersonic lateral jet at Mach 9.7 and incidence of 0"o to incidence of -12"o and 12"o. The results obtained were compared with the experimental and CFD code CFL3D results. PAK-3D over predicts the surface pressure as compared to the CFL3D and experimental results, whereas the qualitative trends ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Although the standard model of particle physics agrees perfectly with experimental data, it is unlikely the final theory describing particles and their interactions. New phenomena has been searched in the jets and missing transverse energy topology. Such phenomena may be due to the pair production of leptoquarks decaying into a quark and a neutrino or the pair production of stops decaying into a charm and a neutralino which is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle. These searches have been performed with the Ddiamter detector at hadronic collider TeVatron with a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV. This kind of searches needs a good understanding of the jet energy calibration. The determination of the relative jet energy scale has allowed us to reduce the systematic uncertainties on the jet energy measurement when comparing the data and the simulation. Moreover a new method has been developed ...

CERN Document Server

We present a Hubble Space Telescope image of the FRII radio galaxy 3C 401, obtained at 1.6 microns with the NICMOS camera in which we identify the infrared counterpart of the brightest region of the radio jet. The jet has a complex radio structure and brightens where bending occurs, most likely as a result of relativistic beaming. We analyze archival data in the radio, optical and X-ray bands and we derive its spectral energy distribution. Differently from all of the previously known optical extragalactic jets, the jet in 3C401 is not detected in the X-rays even in a long 48ksec X-ray Chandra exposure and the infrared emission dominates the overall SED. We propose that the dominant radiation mechanism of this jet is synchrotron. The low X-ray emission is then caused by two different effects: i) the lack of any strong external photon field and ii) the shape of the electron ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is well known that composite armors, consisting of glass elements confined with metallic tampers, are extraordinarily effective against shaped charge attack. Early experiments showed that jets fired against glass targets appeared to be bombarded by tiny fragments that destroyed alignment and reduced residual jet penetration. This result was attributed to an elastic rebound effect in which the outward radial motion of the target around the jet periphery was supposed to be arrested by tensile hoop stresses which developed behind the divergent shock front. Glass fragments were then accelerated radially inward and these destabilized the jet. To sustain the large tensile hoop stresses required, the glass must not have been fractured by the initial shock, behind which the stress state is typically well above the Hugoniot elastic limit. Modeling the penetration of a jet into glass ...

CERN Document Server

We present the results of a study on the 1.4 GHz kpc-scale radio emission in the complete flux density limited MOJAVE sample, comprising 135 radio-loud AGNs. While extended emission is detected in the majority of the sources, about 7% of the sources exhibit only radio core emission. Many BL Lacs exhibit extended radio power and kpc-scale morphology typical of powerful FRII jets, while a substantial number of quasars possess radio powers intermediate between FRIs and FRIIs. This poses challenges to the simple radio-loud unified scheme, which links BL Lacs to FRIs and quasars to FRIIs. We find a significant correlation between extended radio emission and pc-scale jet speeds: the more radio powerful sources possess faster jets. This indicates that the 1.4 GHz (or low frequency) radio emission is indeed related to jet kinetic power. Various properties such as extended radio power and apparent pc-scale ...

CERN Document Server

we report an ultrafast synchrotron x-ray phase contrast imaging study of the primary breakup mechanism of a coaxial air-assisted water jet. We demonstrate that there exist great similarities in the phenomenology of primary breakup with that of the secondary breakup. Especially, a membrane-mediated breakup mechanism dominates the breakup process for a wide range of air speeds. This finding reveals the intrinsic connections of these two breakup regimes and has deep implications on the unified theoretical approach in treating the breakup mechanism of high speed liquid jet.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The performance of a high temperature ion source coupled to a helium gas-jet transport system for an efficient mass separation of neutron-rich alkaline earth and lanthanide isotopes is reported and the results of overall efficiency measurements using different cluster materials in the gas-jet are given. A fast, microprocessor controlled tape transport system for ..gamma..-spectroscopic studies on short-lived isotopes is described. Some results on the decay of 3.8sub(-s) /sup 152/Pr are presented.

Science.gov (United States)

Unsteady impinging jets are systematically controlled with respect to their time dependence in order to investigate the influence of unsteadiness on the heat transfer performance. This is achieved by a special mass flow control device, which allows almost arbitrary shapes of unsteadiness to be imposed onto the impinging jet. Three different standard signals (sinusoidal, triangular, rectangular) and two specially designed signals are applied and their influence on heat transfer is determined in terms of an enhancement factor. Heat transfer augmentation up to 30% was found and could be physically explained with the help of PIV and hot-wire measurements of the flow field.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Since June 1997 the standards/specifications and inspection/certification of various products in Japan have been reviewed by Ministries and Agencies, with the aim of reducing direct government intervention to a necessary minimum and creating a free and fair socio-economic system that is fully opened to the international community and based on the rules of self-responsibility and market principles. Reflecting this policy the administrative regulations which prescribe technical standards as specific requirements have been revised by degrees into performance prescriptions. Detailed provisions in ordinances and notices have been abolished gradually to utilize voluntary standards and rules. In the nuclear energy field voluntary standards are being developed to make up statutory performance requirements by the Atomic Energy Society of Japan (AESJ) and the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) together with other ...

Science.gov (United States)

or third generation fuels. These are biofuels that can directly substitute for gasoline, jet fuel, and diesel. Today more than 9 billion gallons of biofuels are produced annually...

CERN Document Server

We present a HST/STIS spectroscopic and optical/radio imaging study of the Seyfert NGC 2110 aiming to measure the dynamics and understand the nature of the nuclear outflow in the galaxy. Previous HST studies have revealed the presence of a linear structure in the Narrow-Line Region (NLR) aligned with the radio jet. We show that this structure is strongly accelerated, probably by the jet, but is unlikely to be entrained in the jet flow. The ionisation properties of this structure are consistent with photoionisation of dusty, dense gas by the active nucleus. We present a plausible geometrical model for the NLR, bringing together various components of the nuclear environment of the galaxy. We highlight the importance of the circum-nuclear disc in determining the appearance of the emission line gas and the morphology of the jet. From the dynamics of the emission line gas, we place constraints on the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Smoothing of laser beam non-uniformities using gas jets has been studied. The experiment has been performed with the PALS (Prague Asterix Laser System) laser working at 0.44 ?m with an intensity of about 1015 W/cm2. The laser beam has been split in two by a prism thus creating an artificial large-scale non-uniformity (? 90 ?m). We recorded time resolved and static images of laser-gas jet interaction with and without an Al target. Multi 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional simulations show that such interaction acts redistributing the over-intensities over larger surface. This effect has to be attributed to ionization processes with consequent laser beam refraction. Results show that Argon gas jet produces a strong refraction of the laser beam thus strongly reducing the initial two spots separation. (authors)

Science.gov (United States)

... The phenol and cresylic acid stream is flashed in a thin film evaporator over a concentrated sulfuric acid mixture to remove pyridine type substances ...

Science.gov (United States)

An experimental study of H-air counterflow diffusion flames (CFDFs) is reported. Coaxial tubular

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Boiling jet impingement cooling is currently being explored to cool power electronics components. In hybrid vehicles, inverters are used for DC-AC conversion. These inverters involve a number of insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), which are used as on/off switches. The heat dissipated in these transistors can result in heat fluxes of up to 200 W/cm{sup 2}, which makes the thermal management problem quite important. In this paper, turbulent jet impingement involving nucleate boiling is explored numerically. The framework for these computations is the CFD code FLUENT. For nucleate boiling, the Eulerian multiphase model is used. The numerical results for boiling water and R113 jets (submerged) are validated against existing experimental data in the literature. Some representative IGBT package simulations that use R134a as the cooling fluid are also presented. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

Mar 2, 2010 ... The NASA/JPL Education Office works with educators -- both classroom teachers and informal educators -- to provide tools, resources and ...

Science.gov (United States)

Mechanisms, AGARD Conference Proceedings No. 131, 1974, Paper No. 11. ... Olsen, W. and Karchmer, A., Lip Noise Generated by Flow Separation From Nozzle ...

Science.gov (United States)

this, however, was a real environmental threat since various drums containing jet fuel, Bunker C, diesel and other petroleum derivatives were on fire. The CAPECO...

Science.gov (United States)

activities, including the combustion of diesel fuel in heavy-duty vehicles and jet fuel in aircrafts. Current details on emissions from the transportation and other...

Science.gov (United States)

The jet in cross flow (JICF) is a basic flowfield which is relevant to a wide variety of applications which are described to provide context for JICF investigations. Material consistent with the scope of topics presented at the 72nd AGARD Fluid Dynamics Panel Meeting and Symposium on Computational and Experimental Assessment of Jets in Cross Flow on 19-22 April 1993 in Winchester, U.K. is summarized. The JICF research was divided into three time periods: (1) early research - up to 1970, (2) research during the 1970's, and (3) research since 1980. The following areas of experimental activity are discussed; the definition of an effective correlation parameter; the jet flowfield including the jet trajectories, cross-section shape, and jet induced pressures; the effects of jet deflection angle, nozzle shape, pressure ratio, velocity decay, and temperature; and the ...

Science.gov (United States)

and used to reduce or replace petroleum-based transportation fuel, heating oil or jet fuel). In addition, this rule includes a new regulatory provision establishing a...

Science.gov (United States)

from a military fuel storage facility released about 80,000 gallons of kerosine-based jet fuel. Immediate and extensive recovery measures managed to contain the spill, but...

Science.gov (United States)

...identified as oil when the shipment document accurately describes the material as: aviation fuel, diesel fuel, fuel oil, gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, motor fuel, or...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The current status and prospects for Japan`s economy and steel industry, forecast for demand and supply of coking coal, directions in steel making technology, and Japan`s expectations for Canadian coal are discussed. The PCI system, the Coal Moisture Control System (CMC) to increase coke density before it is fed into coke ovens, a feeder that allows use of lower quality coke on the outskirts of blast furnaces, the Direct Iron Ore Smelting (DIOS) Process, and the `Next Generation Coke Oven`, where coke is heated rapidly and coked at 700-800{degree}C are considered. By 2000, semi-soft coking coals are expected to account for over half of total coal consumption by Japanese steel mills.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... University, Fracture and Reliability Research Institute, Sendai, Miyagi (Japan)

Science.gov (United States)

... of perylene were measured with the Shimadzu UV-2500 UV-VIS spectrophotometer (Kyoto, Japan) to determine their molar extinction coefficients. ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

As the world's largest creditor nation, with some of the world's largest banks and leading industries, Japan is often portrayed as an economic and financial superpower. With long-established 'Western-style' financial institutions to represent it in all the world's major financial capitals and markets, a technologically savvy Japan is often said to be positioning itself to lead Asia, the Asia/Pacific region, or even the entire world, into the marvels of the twenty-first century. Against this continuing rhetorical backdrop, however, fundamental questions arise as to Japan's ability to internationalize in today's increasingly globalized world economy. Domestically, only a very limited presence is permitted to the foreigner in the Japanese economy, especially in the commanding heights of finan...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Japanese Sep 2009 p. 103-106 Japan Idota, Yasuhiro Inoue, Hiroyuki

Science.gov (United States)

The initial phase of this study consisted of a survey of existing FGD systems used on larger combustion processes in the NATO countries and Japan.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... University, Fracture and Reliability Research Institute, Sendai, Miyagi (Japan)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... Industry, Material Science Research Laboratory, Yokosuka, Kanagawa (Japan)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The fundamental differences in the type of products sold in both Japan and the US, and some of the reasons for these differences, are outlined. Japan is the largest single country market for residential heat pumps, while the US represents the largest single country market for residential heating equipment. Quite different types and associated features of heat pumps are demanded in the USA and Japan. The term `convenience features`, used to describe the physical characteristics of the user interface device, is explained, as well as the fundamental reasons leading to the particular styles of product sold in each country: (1) product strategy and sales channels, (2) design of housing, (3) climatic factors, and (4) energy costs and distribution. It is stressed that there is no big cooling load in Japan. It is rather the comfort issue that drives the market for heat pumps

Science.gov (United States)

RP-1 is a long-established hydrocarbon fuel that continues to be widely used as the kerosene component in rocket propulsion systems. The desire in recent years to use rocket motors many times, rather than a single time, has led to reformulations of RP-1. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report documents the results of a project funded by DoD's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) on the science behind development of predictive models for soot emission from gas turbine engines. Measurements of soot formation were performed in laminar flat premixed flames and turbulent non-premixed jet flames at 1 atm pressure and in turbulent liquid spray flames under representative conditions for takeoff in a gas turbine engine. The laminar flames and open jet flames used both ethylene and a prevaporized JP-8 surrogate fuel composed of n-dodecane and m-xylene. The pressurized turbulent jet flame measurements used the JP-8 surrogate fuel and compared its combustion and sooting characteristics to a world-average JP-8 fuel sample. The pressurized jet flame measurements demonstrated that the surrogate was representative of JP-8, with a somewhat higher tendency to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The new collaborative exploitation of the JET Facilities requires suitable technical tools and infrastructure measures to enable the Remote Participation of scientists from all European Fusion labs. Such measures are being gradually introduced. They comprise of a toolkit for Remote Data Access, Remote Computer Access and for teleconferencing, and of infrastructure measures that address network connectivity, network security, shared documentation and technical support.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The importance of neutron measurements both as a succinct measure of the progress to fusion ignition using the magnetic confinement route and also as a diagnostic of plasma conditions is discussed. The various neutron diagnostic systems that have been or are being constructed by AERE Harwell for JET are described. The properties to be measured by such diagnostics are clearly identified and some results obtained with the installed diagnostics during d-d plasmas are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The apex dimensions and length are calculated as a function of current for the ion-emitting jet in liquid-metal ion sources (LMIS). The results agree well with observations. Since the final expressions are analytical, they give more insight into the fundamental mechanisms involved than do numerical calculations. Some implications of the model are discussed concerning focused ion beam (FIB) systems employing LMIS. (author).

CERN Document Server

We present H-alpha and [O III] (5007 Angstroms) images of the nebula powered by the jet of the black hole candidate and microquasar Cygnus X-1, observed with the 2.5m Isaac Newton Telescope (INT). The ring-like structure is luminous in [O III] and there exists a thin outer shell with a high [O III] / H-alpha flux ratio. This outer shell probably originates in the collisionally excited atoms close to the front of the bow shock. Its presence indicates that the gas is shock excited as opposed to photoionised, supporting the jet-powered scenario. The shock velocity was previously constrained at 20 = 100 km/s (1 sigma confidence) based on a comparison of the observed [O III] / H-alpha ratio in the bow shock with a number of radiative shock models. From this we further constrain the time-averaged power of the jet: P_Jet = (4 - 14)*10^36 erg/s. The H-alpha flux behind the shock front is typically 4*10^-15 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The ink jet printing technology is a relatively novel technique in development of organic electronic devices. The technique consists of working out depositions of organic layers by a piezo-based ink jet printer. In this work polymer conducting films deposited by ink jet printing technique on different plastic substrates has been demonstrated. The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiofene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) [PEDOT/PSS] and glycerol-modified PEDOT/PSS [G-PEDOT/PSS] were used like conducting inks to be applied on polyester and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. By means of the change of substrate associated to the deposition number or type of polymer ink used for printing of the conducting films, the sheet resistance can be modified. Such a behavior suggests that plastic substrate fulfills an important role for the changing of sheet resistance of the PEDOT/PSS and G-PEDOT/PSS films made by ink jet ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to analyze the radiotherapy (RT) quality assurance (QA) assessment in Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) 0202, which was the first trial...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The economic benefits of pulverized coal-injected (PCI) blast furnaces have meant that the number of such furnaces in Japan has steadily increased since their introduction in 1981. Aspects of PCI discussed in the article include: PCI system configuration; evaluation of coals for PCI (e.g. dryability; pulverisability and combustibility) and the possibility of a technical ceiling for pulverized coal rate. 4 refs., 11 figs., 2 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the framework of a global analysis of the various available sources of energy, Japan has reserved a prominent place to the nuclear energy, and in the long-term view, to the breeder reactor which will be due for commercial deployment in 2010. To achieve these objectives, three stages are envisaged, one of the experimental reactor Joyo (in service), one of the demonstration reactor Monju (its construction has been decided), and one of the pre-commercial reactor (due to be taken in hand at the beginning of the Nineties). Efforts will be made in parallel concerning the fuel cycle.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Groom-Bailey decomposition analysis was carried out to investigate regional 3-D galvanic distortion on MT data in the central part of Northeastern Japan. Measuring sites were located nearly along the east-west line crossing Northeastern Japan. Three measuring lines (A, B, C) from the north to the south were prepared, and only data on the C line were analyzed in this paper. As a result, twist and shear were estimated to be not zero depending on local distortion in most of the sites. It was thus clarified that this method is not always perfect. This method was effective for regional 2-D structures, however, its application was doubtful to complicated 3-D underground structures in Japan. In order to obtain more accurate results, 2-D analysis using the impedance including no local distortion effect was necessary after the preliminary Groom-Bailey decomposition analysis. The direction of the wide area geological structure of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The production of heavy crude oils increased in the last years in the world. Crude oils with high density, viscosity, acidity and sulfur, nitrogen, metals and asphaltenes contents, by the others hand, low stability and low product quality. The challenger of many refiners is find solutions to refine the heavy crude oils, and produce fuels with certify quality, such as Jet Fuel. The principal aviation technique on the world work with gas turbines engines feted for jet fuel (JET A1). The quality specifications of this fuel are establish by International Norms: ASTM-1655, DEF STAN 91-91-3 (DERD 2494) and joint Fuelling System Check List. The world technologies to obtain jet fuel from mixtures of heavy crude oil with middle crude oils are: Atmospheric distillation, with a posterior hydrogenation and finally the additivation. Studies carried out have demonstrates that the Cubans heavy crude oils is ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

New ICRH antennas on JET were designed to couple to the new JET divertor plasma configurations and to improve the Fast Wave Current Drive (FWCD) capabilities. The A2 antenna consists of 4 straps whose currents can be phased at arbitrary angles. The real time automatic tuning acts on frequency, line length (line phase shifters) and stub length. Provision is made for the coupling resistance/plasma position feedback to accommodate the fast changes in antenna loading. The first coupling, tuning and heating results are reported in 0{pi}0{pi}, 0000 and 00{pi}{pi} phasing. A new antenna model is described, which was developed to simulate the measured antenna loading in terms of plasma parameters and to provide a starting point for the real time automatic tuning. 5 refs., 4 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This patent describes a method of hydraulically mining a surface of a mining location comprising: a. determining the dimensions of the surface of the mining location from a fixed point at the location; b. constructing at a second location remote from the mining location a visual representation of the surface form the determined dimensions of the mining location with respect to the fixed point; c. jetting water under high pressure against a selected area on the surface of the mining location; d. determining changes in the dimensions of the selected area of the surface of the mining location; e. reconstructing at the second location a new visual representation of the surface from the determined changes of the location during the jetting of the water; and f. redirecting the jetted water under high pressure utilizing data from the reconstructed visual representation.

CERN Document Server

The association of at least some long gamma-ray bursts with type Ic supernova explosions has been established beyond reasonable doubt. Theoretically, the challenge is to explain the presence of a light hyper-relativistic flow propagating through a massive stellar core without losing those properties. We discuss the role of the jet-star interaction in shaping the properties of the outflow emerging on the surface of the star. We show that the nature of the inner engine is hidden from the observer for most of the evolution, well beyond the time of the jet breakout on the stellar surface. The discussion is based on analytical considerations as well as high resolution numerical simulations. Finally, the observational consequences of the scenario are addressed in light of the present capabilities.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper provides information on heat transfer enhancement due to jet mixing inside a cylindrical enclosure. The work addresses conservative heat transfer assumptions regarding mixing and condensation that have typically been incorporated into passive containment design analyses. The current research presents an interesting possibility for increasing decay heat removal of passive containment systems under combined natural and forced convection. Eliminating these conservative assumptions could provide the basis for a change of containment design and reduce the construction cost. It is found that the ratio of forced- and free convection Nusselt numbers can be predicted as a function of the Archimedes number and a correlated factor accounting for jet orientation and enclosure geometry. To use the small-scale tests for large containment design, scale-up methods and criteria are important for matching the key governing parameters and fluid ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background The Committee for the Standardization of Renal Pathological Diagnosis and the Working Group for Renal Biopsy Database of the Japanese Society of Nephrology started the first nationwide, web-based, and prospective registry system, the Japan Renal Biopsy Registry (J-RBR), to record the pathological, clinical, and laboratory data of renal biopsies in 2007. Methods The patient data including age, gender, laboratory data, and clinical and pathological diagnoses were recorded on the web page of the J-RBR, which utilizes the system of the Internet Data and Information Center for Medical Research in the University Hospital Medical Information Network. We analyzed the clinical and pathological diagnoses registered on the J-RBR in 2007 and 2008. Results Data were collected from 818 patien...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Japanese companies have developed suitable cleansing technologies and export their know-how. Some original technologies are developed today, like: in-situ chemical oxidation, iron confinement, hot-soil process, low-temperature catalytic decomposition or dechlorination of dioxins. However, some pollutions are still poorly considered (nitrates) or badly mastered (dioxins). This situation is partly due to late legal decisions and to limited pollution abatement measures. Japan is also very active in bio-cleansing research, and this, despite the lack of dialogue and directives at the national level. Several research programs with important funds have started since 1995. However, Japan is still at the preliminary stage in open-field applications of cleansing methods. (J.S.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There is a growing interest in using {sup 242m}Am as a nuclear fuel. The advantages of {sup 242m}Am as a nuclear fuel derive from the fact that {sup 242m}Am has the highest thermal fission cross section. The thermal capture cross section is relatively low and the number of neutrons per thermal fission is high. These nuclear properties make it possible to obtain nuclear criticality with ultra-thin fuel elements. The possibility of having ultra-thin fuel elements enables the use of these fission products directly, without the necessity of converting their energy to heat, as is done in conventional reactors. There are three options of using such highly energetic and highly ionized fission products. - Using the fission products themselves for ionic propulsion. - Using the fission products in an MHD generator, in order to obtain electricity directly. - Using the fission products to heat a gas up to a high temperature for propulsion purposes. In this ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Electrochemical Program at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) provides technical and programmatic support to DOE`s Electric and Hybrid Propulsion Division (DOE-EHP). The goal of DOE-EHP is to advance promising electric-vehicle (EV) propulsion technologies to levels where industry will continue their commercial development and thereby. significantly reduce petroleum consumption in the transportation sector of the economy. In support of this goal, ANL provides research, development, testing/evaluation, post-test analysis, modeling, database management, and technical management of industrial R&D contracts on advanced battery and fuel cell technologies for DOE-EHP. This report summarizes the battery-related activities undertaken during the period of October 1, 1991 through March 31, 1992. In this report, the objective, background, technical progress, and status are described for each task. These tasks are structured into the following task ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Electrochemical Program at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) provides technical and programmatic support to DOE's Electric and Hybrid Propulsion Division (DOE-EHP). The goal of DOE-EHP is to advance promising electric-vehicle (EV) propulsion technologies to levels where industry will continue their commercial development and thereby. significantly reduce petroleum consumption in the transportation sector of the economy. In support of this goal, ANL provides research, development, testing/evaluation, post-test analysis, modeling, database management, and technical management of industrial R D contracts on advanced battery and fuel cell technologies for DOE-EHP. This report summarizes the battery-related activities undertaken during the period of October 1, 1991 through March 31, 1992. In this report, the objective, background, technical progress, and status are described for each task. These tasks are structured into the following ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Electrochemical Technology Program at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) provides technical and programmatic support to DOE's Electric and Hybrid Propulsion Division (DOE-EHP). The goal of DOE-EHP is to advance promising electric-vehicle (EV) propulsion technologies to levels where industry will continue their commercial development and thereby significantly reduce petroleum consumption in the transportation sector of the economy. In support of this goal, ANL provides research, development, testing/evaluation, post-test analysis, modeling, database management, and technical management of industrial R D contracts on advanced battery technologies for DOE-EHP. This report summarizes the battery-related activities undertaken during the period of July 1, 1992 through September 30, 1992. In this report, the objective, background, technical progress, and status are described for each task. The work is organized into the following task ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper describes the work underway to adapt a former US Navy diesel electric drive ship as a 2.4 Megawatt fuel cell powered, US Coast Guard operated, demonstrator. The Project will design the new configuration, and then remove the four 600 kW diesel electric generators and auxiliaries. It will design, build and install fourteen or more nominal 180 kW diesel fueled molten carbonate internal reforming direct fuel cells (DFCs). The USCG cutter VINDICATOR has been chosen. The adaptation will be carried out at the USCG shipyard at Curtis Bay, MD. A multi-agency (state and federal) cooperative project is now underway. The USCG prime contractor, AEL, is performing the work under a Phase III Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) award. This follows their successful completion of Phases I and II under contract to the US Naval Sea Systems (NAVSEA) from 1989 through 1993 which successfully demonstrated the feasibility of diesel fueled DFCs. The demonstrated marine ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rocket-Based Combined-Cycle (RBCC) engines intended for missiles and/or space launch applications incorporate features of rocket propulsion systems operating in concert with airbreathing engine cycles. Performance evaluation of these types of engines, which are intended to operate from static sea level take-off to supersonic cruise or accerlerate to orbit, requires ground test capabilities which integrate rocket component testing with airbreathing engine testing. A combined cycle engine test facility has been constructed in the General Applied Science Laboratories, Inc. (GASL) Aeropropulsion Test Laboratory to meet this requirement. The facility was designed to support the development of an innovative combined cycle engine concept which features a rocket based ramjet combustor. The test requirements included the ability to conduct tests in which the propulsive force was generated by rocket only, the ramjet only and simultaneous rocket and ...

Science.gov (United States)

fuel are produced from a barrel of crude oil by U.S. refiners. Other products such as jet fuel and heating oil make up the remaining one third. Graphic of a barrel of oil...

Science.gov (United States)

The astronomical number of letters handled by the Post Office makes automatic sorting technology essential. Key roles are played by the postcode system and an ink-jet printer that has been developed to use phosphorescent inks.

CERN Document Server

The bright gamma-ray burst GRB050525a has been detected with the Swift observatory, providing unique multiwavelength coverage from the very earliest phases of the burst. The X-ray and optical/UV afterglow decay light curves both exhibit a steeper slope ~0.15 days after the burst, indicative of a jet break. The timing of the jet break combined with the total gamma-ray energy of the burst constrains the opening angle of the jet to be 2.5 degrees. We derive an empirical `time-lag' redshift from the BAT data of z_hat = 0.69 +/- 0.02, in good agreement with the spectroscopic redshift of 0.61. Prior to the jet break, the X-ray data can be modelled by a simple power law with index alpha = -1.2. However after 300s the X-ray flux brightens by about 30% compared to the power-law fit. The optical/UV data have a more complex decay, with evidence of a rapidly falling reverse shock component that dominates in the ...

Science.gov (United States)

The performance of jet fuel with an oxidant mixture containing 70 percent liquid fluorine and 30 percent liquid oxygen by weight was investigated in a 500-pound-thrust engine operating at a chamber pressure of 300 pounds per square inch absolute. A one-oxidant-on-one-fuel skewed-hole impinging-jet injector was evaluated in a chamber of characteristic length equal to 50 inches. A maximum experimental specific impulse of 268 pound-seconds per pound was obtained at 25 percent fuel, which corresponds to 96 percent of the maximum theoretical specific impulse based on frozen composition expansion. The maximum characteristic velocity obtained was 6050 feet per second at 23 percent fuel, or 94 percent of the theoretical maximum. The average thrust coefficient was 1.38 for the 500-pound thrust combustion-chamber nozzle used, which was 99 percent of the theoretical (frozen) maximum. Mixtures of fluorine and oxygen were found to be self-igniting with ...

Science.gov (United States)

Persistently high concentrations of carbon monoxide and low-altitude ozone in the air of the Nation's major urban centers led Congress in the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments to mandate changes to the composition of gasoline and diesel fuel. Those gasoline c...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Nebulised antibiotics have been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of lung infections in cystic fibrosis. Studies on the efficiency of nebuliser systems are constantly required in view of the large...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

to end statewide burn ban 09/28/2011 - Commissioner's statement on $80 million biomass to jet fuel award to UW and WSU Media Center | View All News Meetings & Events Saturday Oct...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This contribution presents different approaches for the modeling of gas entrainment under water by a plunging jet. Since the generation of bubbles happens on a scale which is smaller than the bubbles, this process cannot be resolved in meso-scale simulations, which include the full length of the jet and its environment. This is why the gas entrainment has to be modeled in meso-scale simulations. In the frame of a Euler-Euler simulation, the local morphology of the phases has to be considered in the drag model. For example, the gas is a continuous phase above the water level but bubbly below the water level. Various drag models are tested and their influence on the gas void fraction below the water level is discussed. The algebraic interface area density (AIAD) model applies a drag coefficient for bubbles and a different drag coefficient for the free surface. If the AIAD model is used for the simulation of impinging jets, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An impinging jet is a widely used technique for realizing high heat-transfer rates between a fluid and a surface. However, the area of enhanced heat transfer is limited to the neighborhood of the stagnation point. In this study, heat transfer is augmented remote from the stagnation point in an impinging plane jet system by a rod array located near the wall. Each square rod in the array was positioned normal to the flow direction and parallel to the flat plate surface. The distance between the nozzle and the flat plate (H) and the spacing between the rods and the flat plate surface (C) were changed to find the optimum values. The largest heat-transfer augmentation was obtained for C = 1 mm, H/B = 10, where the jet nozzle width is B. In this case, the heat-transfer coefficient averaged over an area 2B from the stagnation point is about 1.6 times greater compared to that without a rod array.

CERN Document Server

The evolution of FRI jets has been long studied in the framework of the FRI-FRII dichotomy. In this paper, we test the present theoretical and observational models via a relativistic numerical simulation of the jets in the radio galaxy 3C 31. We use the parameters derived from the modelling presented by \\cite{lb02a,lb02b} as input parameters for the simulation of the evolution of the source, thus assuming that they have not varied over the lifetime of the source. We simulate about 10 % of the total lifetime of the jets in 3C 31. Realistic density and pressure gradients for the atmosphere are used. The simulation includes an equation of state for a two-component relativistic gas that allows a separate treatment of leptonic and baryonic matter. We compare our results with the modelling of the observational data of the source. Our results show that the bow shock evolves self-similarly at a quasi-constant speed, with slight ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Outreach Program was designed to solicit creative ideas from academia, research institutions, private enterprises, and the general public and is intended to be helpful in defining promising technical areas and program paths for more detailed study. To the Outreach Program, a number of power system concepts were proposed. In conclusion, there are a number of advanced concepts for space power and propulsion sources that deserve study if we want to expand our ability to not only explore space, but to utilize it. Advanced nuclear concepts and power beaming concepts are two areas worthy of detailed assessments.

Science.gov (United States)

Some bacteria move inside cells by recruiting the actin filaments of the host cells. The filaments are polymerized at the back surface of the bacteria, and they move away, forming a "comet" tail behind the bacterium, which consists of gel network. We develop a one-dimensional mathematical model of the gel based on partial differential equations which involve the number of filaments, the density and velocity of the gel, and the pressure. The two end-points of the gel form two free boundaries. The resulting free boundary problem is rather non-standard. We prove local existence and uniqueness.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report describes the progress achieved in developing electric and hybrid vehicle technologies, beginning with highlights of recent accomplishments in FY 1992. Detailed descriptions are provided of program activities during FY 1992 in the areas of battery, fuel cell, and propulsion system development, and testing and evaluation of new technology in fleet site operations and in laboratories. This Annual Report also contains a status report on incentives and use of foreign components, as well as a list of publications resulting from the DOE program.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A high pressure waterjet has been used to study the surface roughening of superalloys as preparation for thermal spraying. Designed experiments for Mar-M 509 and Rene 80 were carried out for the effects of jet pressure and mass of water delivered per unit area. Comparisons were made of several superalloys in terms of erosion, surface roughness and topology. The mechanism of jet erosion of Rene 80 was studied in relation to its metallurgical microstructure. An MCrAlY coating by shrouded plasma spray was made over a waterjet prepared surface with excellent bonding and having an ideally clean interface.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report beings with a historical overview on the origin and early beginnings of Radiant Energy Power Source for Jet Aircraft. The report reviews the work done in Phase I (Grant DE-FG01-82CE-15144) and then gives a discussion of Phase II (Grant DE-FG01-86CE-15301). Included is a reasonably detailed discussion of photovoltaic cells and the research and development needed in this area. The report closes with a historical perspective and summary related to situations historically encountered on projects of this nature. 15 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The deuterium inventory at JET after 2001-2004 operational campaign has been determined using nuclear reaction analysis (NRA) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). A full poloidal set of divertor tiles and a set of outer poloidal limiter (OPL) tiles were analysed providing an estimation for the total deuterium retention of about 66 g. Deuterium is trapped mainly at the inner divertor on horizontal target tile and at the inner divertor louvre area where ?60% of the trapped D is found. The long-term D retention is ?4% of the total D input.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The uranium target of a gas jet transport system for fission products has been modified by the addition of an aluminum cover foil. The new modification allows fission fragments of low mass to enter a continuous chemistry system while heavier fragments are stopped in the aluminum. The elimination of the heavier homologues allows development of simpler and faster chemical separation procedures. In addition, since the lighter fragments are slowed down by the cover foil a smaller target chamber can be used. This leads to a reduction in system holdup time. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

The objective of the program was to develop a domestic cooktop with low-NOx emissions and high efficiency. During the first two phases of the program, three design concepts were developed, and two versions of developmental prototypes using the IR-Jet approach were fabricated and tested. The third phase was initiated to address the design issues of a simmer setting, air/gas metering, and jet plate durability and to develop prototypes for interested manufacturers.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The inelastic scattering of the beam and the residual gas molecules in RHIC could represent one of the limitations on the beam life time and emittance growth. This report covers the dominant central nuclear collisions influence on the beam lifetime and transverse emittance growth. The cross sections for the beam-gas electron radiative captures are an order of magnitude smaller. The capture cross sections include the radiative and non-radiative capture, and the capture from the electron-positron pair creation from the 'vacuum capture'.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This thesis examines the design of a propulsion system for a series hybrid vehicle and includes the study of an energy storage unit using double-layer capacitors and a lightweight soft-switched converter system, and two new components in series hybrid vehicles. The development of environmentally sustainable vehicles is more urgent now given the fact that pollution levels are ever increasing. No electric vehicle has yet been developed that can compete with a normal vehicle based only on internal combustion engines. The dilemma lies in the difficulty of storing the amount of energy needed and supply it a high power levels. An attractive and viable option to reducing pollution and maintaining good performance may lie in hybrid electric-powered vehicles. The double-layer power capacitors are an interesting option because of their high power density and long lifetime. The devices are new and assembling large energy storage units must be thoroughly examined before using ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Japan has upwards of 40 pumped storage plants in operation and new river sites are becoming scarce, but peak demand is still rising. A plant under construction in Okinawa offers a solution: make use of the head between the coastal cliffs and sea level, using seawater as the medium. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

Australia Brunei Darussalam Burma Cambodia China Fiji Hong Kong Indonesia Japan Korea, Republic of Korea, Dem Republic Laos Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Philippines...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

May 2010 p. 81-84 Japan Ishizawa, Makoto JFE Steel Corporation, Tokyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This article outlines research and progress into the liquefaction of coal by solvent treatment, being conducted at the National Research Institute for Pollution and Resources, Japan. (In Japanese)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To respond to an increase of social problems concerning orphan sources in Japan, a working group was formed in the Japan Health Physics Society. In this working group, we investigated how to prevent acute radiation hazard or social panic regarding orphan sources in scrap metal and detection system for orphan sources brought into scrap yards before recycle. For detection system in a scrap yard we conducted an experiment on detectability of monitoring instrument using a radiation source mixed in scrap metal on a truck. The result showed that it was not easy to detect even a high-level source if it was shielded by scrap metal. We also estimated detection limits for radioactive materials in scrap metal by calculation that was validated with experimental data. We summarized present status about orphan sources in Japan and proposed a categorization of orphan sources according to dose rates to deal with unknown sources in a scrap ...

Science.gov (United States)

This paper explores effects of differential diffusion in nonpremixed turbulent jet flames. Pulsed Raman scattering spectroscopy is used to measure temperature and species concentrations in chemically reacting jets of H{sub 2}/CO{sub 2} into air, over a range of jet Reynolds numbers from 1,000 to 30,000 based on cold jet fluid properties. Results show significant effects of differential diffusion at all jet Reynolds numbers considered. Differential diffusion between H{sub 2} and C0{sub 2} produces differences between the hydrogen element mixture fraction ({xi}{sub H}) and the carbon element mixture fraction ({xi}{sub c}). The greatest effects occur on the rich side of stoichiometric, where {xi}{sub H} is observed to be smaller than {xi}{sub C} at all Reynolds numbers. Differential diffusion between H{sub 2} and H{sub 2}O creates a net flux of hydrogen element toward the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An original dc double anode plasma torch which provides a long-time and highly stable atmospheric plasma jet has been devised for the purpose of hazardous waste treatment. The arc fluctuations and dynamic behaviour of the argon and argon-nitrogen plasma jets under different operating conditions have been investigated by means of classical tools, such as the statistic method, fast Fourier transform (FFT) and correlation analysis. In our experiments, the takeover mode is identified as the fluctuation characteristic of the argon plasma jet while the restrike mode is typical in the argon-nitrogen plasma dynamic behaviour. In the case of pure argon, the FFT and correlation calculation results of electrical signals exhibit the only characteristic frequency of 150 Hz, which originates from the torch power and is independent of any change in the operating conditions. It indicates that the nature of fluctuations in an argon plasma ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) and the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) are promoting the joint project integrating both the Neutron Science Project (NSP) of JAERI and the Japan Hadron Facility Project (JHF) of KEK for comprehensive studies on basic science and technology using high-intensity proton accelerator. This document describes the joint project prepared by the Joint Project Team of JAERI and KEK to construct accelerators and research facilities necessary both for the NSP and the JHF at the site of JAERI Tokai Establishment. It was originally written in English and translated into Japanese with some corrections. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) identified 17 accidents that may have resulted from fuel tank explosions on commercial aircraft from 1959 to 2001. Seven events involved JP 4 or JP 4/Jet A mixtures that are no longer used for commercial aircraft fuel. The remaining 10 events involved Jet A or Jet A1 fuels that are in current use by the commercial aircraft industry. Four fuel tank explosions occurred in center wing tanks (CWTs) where on-board appliances can potentially transfer heat to the tank. These tanks are designated as ''Heated Center Wing Tanks'' (HCWT). Since 1996, the FAA has significantly increased the rate at which it has mandated airworthiness directives (ADs) directed at elimination of ignition sources. This effort includes the adoption, in 2001, of Special Federal Aviation Regulation 88 of 14 CFR part 21 (SFAR 88 ''Fuel Tank System Fault Tolerance ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We discuss various reactions at future e"+e"- and #gamma##gamma# colliders involving real (beamstrahlung or backscattered laser) or quasi-real (bremsstrahlung) photons in the initial state and hadrons in the final state. The production of two central jets with large transverse momentum p_T is described in some detail; we give distributions for the rapidity and p_T of the jets as well as the di-jet invariant mass, and discuss the relative importance of various initial state configurations and the uncertainties that arise from the at present rather poor knowledge of the parton content of the photon. We also present results for 'mono-jet' production where one jet goes down a beam pipe, for the production of charm, bottom and top quarks, and for single production of W and Z bosons. Where appropriate, the two-photon processes are compared with annihilation reactions leading to similar ...

CERN Document Server

We consider the physics and collider phenomenology of quirks that transform nontrivially under QCD color, SU(2)_W as well as an SU(N)_{ic} infracolor group. Our main motivation is to show that the recent Wjj excess observed by CDF naturally arises in quirky models. The basic pattern is that several different quirky states can be produced, some of which beta-decay during or after spin-down, leaving the lightest electrically neutral quirks to hadronize into a meson that subsequently decays into gluon jets. We analyze LEP II, Tevatron, UA2, and electroweak precision constraints, identifying the simplest viable models: scalar quirks ("squirks") transforming as color triplets, SU(2)_W triplets and singlets, all with vanishing hypercharge. We calculate production cross sections, weak decay, spin-down, meson decay rates, and estimate efficiencies. The novel features of our quirky model includes: quirkonium decay proceeds into a pair of gluon jets, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We have developed a photon accumulated laser mass spectrometer that enables us to identify isomers of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran. This system is comprised of a high temperature (230 deg. C) pulsed gas injector (PGI), multimirror multipath system (MMS), and the conventional time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The PGI induces the formation of a choked supersonic jet gas pulse that cools down to a temperature to restrain fragmentation and reduces vibrational and rotational thermal noises. The results suggest that the excited lifetime numbers and fragment dynamics of these species change completely with jet cooling of molecules. The MMS enhances the soft ionization efficiency (by a factor of 1000 over a single path system) through photon accumulation by extending the irradiation duration (to about 40 ns) and volume, and it further minimizes fragmentation by carefully controlling the laser intensity distribution ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper evaluates abrasive jet wear tests, carried out on the ZUK-3M abrasion apparatus according to the GOSF 23.201-78 industrial standard. As abrasive material, brown coal coke dust, brown coal dust, power plant fly ash and quartz sand (for the purpose of comparison) were employed. Seventeen types of materials were blasted with abrasive jets, including a selection of steels, glass, rubber, SYS-pur plastics, cast basalt, Kawenit and vitroceramics. The test apparatus produced abrasive jet velocities between 12 and 130 ms/SUP/-/SUP/1 at rotor revolutions of 1,000 to 10,000 min/SUP/-/SUP/1. Blasted material samples were arranged at angles between 15 and 90 degrees. Various tables and graphs present abrasivity results. These results were employed for technical modifications of dedusting equipment in briquetting and coking plants, which led to a threefold increase in service life of abrasion endangered equipment parts. (8 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The TRIGA-SPEC experiment has been installed recently at the research reactor TRIGA Mainz. Ground state properties like masses, charge radii, spins, and moments of short-lived nuclides can be determined with very-high precision using the Penning trap mass spectrometer TRIGA-TRAP, and the collinear laser spectroscopy setup TRIGA-LASER. Short-lived neutron-rich radionuclides in the mass range 80 < A < 140 are produced by thermal neutron induced fission of e.g. U-235, Pu-239 or Cf-249, respectively. For the extraction and ionization of the fission products a gas-jet system is coupled to a 2.45-GHz ECR ion source for the production of singly charged ions. The gas-jet has been tested on-line and fission products have been extracted. First off-line tests of the ion source have been performed successfully with argon gas. The results of the commissioning test of the ion source and the on-line coupling of the experiments are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Fermi National Laboratory (Fermilab) operates the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at a center-of-mass energy of {radical}s = 1.96 TeV, the is therefore the only collider which is today able to produce the heaviest known particle, the top quark. The top quark was discovered at the Tevatron by the CDF and D0 collaborations in 1995. At the Tevatron, most top quarks are produced via the strong interaction, whereby quark-antiquark annihilation dominates with 85%, and gluon fusion contributes with 15%. Considering next-to-leading order (NLO) contributions in the cross section of top-antitop quark production, leads to a slight positive asymmetry in the differential distribution of the production angle {alpha} of the top quarks. This asymmetry is due to the interference of certain NLO contributions. The charge asymmetry A in the cosine of {alpha} is predicted [14] to amount to 4-6%. Information about the partonic rest frame, necessary for a measurement of A in the observable cos ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Energy storage systems with extremely high specific energy (>400 Wh/kg) have been designed that use lightweight pressure vessels to contain the gases generated by reversible (unitized) regenerative fuel cells (URFCs).[1] URFC systems are being designed and developed for a variety of applications, including high altitude long endurance (HALE) solar rechargeable aircraft (SRA), zero emission vehicles (ZEVs), hybrid energy storage/propulsion systems for spacecraft, energy storage for remote (off-grid) power sources, and peak shaving for on-grid applications.[1-10] Energy storage for HALE SRA was the original application for this set of innovations, and a prototype solar powered aircraft (Pathfinder-Plus) recently set another altitude record for all propeller-driven aircraft on August 6, 1998, when it flew to 80,285 feet (24.47 km).[11

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This discussion outlines a few areas of fundamental research which appear vital for progress in developing advanced propulsion concepts using dc railgun thrusters. We have placed emphasis on the following: (1) dense plasma and high current density influences on changes in microstructure and properties of conventional rail conductors such as Cu, Al, and W alloys or composites; (2) the influences described in (1) on more advanced high temperature, microstrain resistant, materials such as amorphous tungsten; (3) location, description and temporal evolution of current, magnetic field, and losses during intense plasma-current field interactions with conductors; and (4) composite materials and sequentially sectioned structures for more efficient EM dc launcher configuration.

Science.gov (United States)

In this paper Particle Bed Reactor (PBR) designs are discussed which use /sup 233/U and /sup 242m/Am as fissile materials. A constant total power of 100MW is assumed for all reactors in this study. Three broad aspects of these reactors is discussed. First, possible reactor designs are developed, second physics calculations are outlined and discussed and third mass estimates of the various candidates reactors are made. It is concluded that reactors with a specific mass of 1 kg/MW can be envisioned of /sup 233/U is used and approximately a quarter of this value can be achieved if /sup 242m/Am is used. If this power level is increased by increasing the power density lower specific mass values are achievable. The limit will be determined by uncertainties in the thermal-hydraulic analysis. 5 refs., 5 figs., 6 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electric Fuel Ltd. is engaged in the design, development and commercialization of its proprietary zinc/air battery technology for electric vehicles, consumer electronic products and defence applications. To meet the challenging requirements for propelling an all-electric bus, the Vehicle Division sought a unique solution: an all electric battery-battery hybrid propulsion system. The high energy zinc/air battery is coupled with a high-power auxiliary battery. The combined system offers zero emission, high power and long range in an economically viable package. The consumer battery group has developed a high power primary zinc/air cell aimed at cellular phone users, offering extended use, convenience and low cost. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The author presents a detailed and quantitative description of all of the programs, systems, sensors and experiments associated with the next 30 years of space endeavors by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Derived from the fifth issue of the NASA Space Systems Technology Model, the missions and payloads are categorized by applications area: solar system exploration, astrophysics, earth sciences, communications, space transportation and utilization of the space environment. Far-term missions are described as opportunity missions and landmark missions, for the distant future. Technology requirements are collected by discipline: power, propulsion, materials, structures, information systems, navigation, guidance and control. Payload technology requirements are organized by instrument sensing range. This information defines in quantitative terms, the opportunities and limits for future civilian space system capabilities.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The field of micro unmanned aerial vehicles ({mu}UAVs) has advanced rapidly in recent years. This paper studies the design and construction of a small solar-powered aircraft near the size range of current {theta}UAVs. A number of aspects of their design were analysed, including structural, aerodynamic and propulsion system considerations. The effect of small-scale, low Reynolds number aerodynamics was investigated, and the performance of a range of candidate aerofoils was compared. The integration of a solar power source into the aircraft system was considered a key design issue. Consequently, a number of aircraft configurations were examined, with the intention of optimising the application of solar power in a miniature aircraft. Investigation of improved system components suggests that a practical solar-powered aircraft in the size range below 500 mm maximum linear dimension should be viable given modest technological improvements. (Author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Concerning the requirements of future rocket technologies, providing a cost-efficient access to orbit as well as an increase in system reliability, a deeper insight into the unsteady phenomena during ascent of modern launchers is essential. Unsteady interactions and resonances of the turbulent separated launcher wake and the nozzle structure play an important role for the design of future main stage propulsion systems. The so-called buffeting coupling phenomenon is one of the main challenges during ascent. In the present study, a coupled simulation of the afterbody of the Ariane-5 launcher with a realistic structural and aerodynamic representation of different nozzle configurations is carried out. On the computational fluid dynamics side, unsteady detached eddy simulations are coupled with...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Concerning the above, it is discussed whether such a system is feasible in Japan. A zinc/air cell system requires some special plants for zinc regeneration, etc. It is necessary to build a zinc refining plant and to install dozens of electrode replacing facilities in an area dozens of kilometers in diameter with the plant at the center. For such a system to be functional, there have to be several tens of thousands of automobile users in a limited area. In Japan, so large a number will not be found anywhere even if the appeal is directed to those in the postal service and electric utilities. There will be no economic success in Japan, different from in Germany. As for the economic comparison between a zinc/air cell system and natural gas system, the two will be equivalent to each other as far as the use of the quick filling stations for the natural gas automobiles remains as it is. When the number in consideration is so ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Understanding of the thermal hydraulic phenomena is now the key issue in solving the severe accident problems of light water reactors. The Atomic Energy Society of Japan has organized a special committee on the evaluation of the thermal hydraulic phenomena in severe accident. The committee has continued the investigation of present status of thermal hydraulics in severe accident. Industries have completed the detailed implementation of the accident management measures, and industries have established also a self-regulatory document mainly on phase II accident management for the containment design of the future reactors. Present paper reviews the current status of evaluation activity referring to severe accident research in Japan. The phenomena included in this paper are (1) molten core behavior in lower plenum of pressure vessel, (2) fuel-coolant interaction, (3) molten core-concrete interaction, (4) direct containment heating, (5) hydrogen ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We examined the spectral behaviors of lasing from a asymmetrically deformed liquid jet (a ? 14 ?m) which is induced by a laterally flowing gas. Th liquid sample was methanols which contains DCM dye. When n distortion is induced, the lasing spectrum appears as two periodic peaks which are corresponding to the resonance modes of cylindrical cavity. As the distortion parameter exceeds about 4%, the lasing spectrum shifts continuously to short wavelength. When the distortion parameter reaches ? 10%, the amount of blue shift was ? 30 nm. The blue shift can be explained as the shift of optimum wavelength of threshold curves. From the absorption and fluorescence curve of liquid sample, we estimated the spoiled Q with the distortion parameter.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The spatial distribution of argon clusters in gas jet is tested using the Rayleigh scattering method. A pulsed laser is used to acquire the whole evolution of the cluster inside one event. The measured results at a fixed axial position show that the argon clusters grow in less than one millisecond after the nozzle is opened and the cluster size keeps constant during the whole open period of 20 ms. Further results show that the scattering signal along the radial direction is almost Gaussian-distributed and the full width half maximum (FWHM) increases almost linearly when the distance from nozzle increases. The scattering signal along the axial direction is Landau-distributed and the area near the nozzle is most effective for laser cluster interaction. (authors)

CERN Document Server

Jet-driven shocks are responsible for an important fraction of the emission of the narrow-line regions (NLRs) in many classes of AGN. However, this cannot explain all observations. It is clear that the remaining sources are photoionised by the active nucleus. The 2-d hydrodynamic models from the RSAA group support an evolutionary scenario whereby the shock-excited NLRs are initially jet-driven but later, ionizing photons from the central engine replace shocks as the main excitation mechanism and shock induced star formation may also become important. In their photoionized phase, dusty and radiation-pressure dominated evolution produces a self-regulated NLR spectrum. This model aso explains the coronal emission lines and fast (3000 km s$^{-1}$) outflows seen in some Seyferts.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Strut lattice structures of reaction-bonded silicon infiltrated silicon carbide ceramics (RB-SiSiC) for air-fuel mixture formation and for nonstationary lean-burn under pressure applications were fabricated. The lattice design with a high porosity >80% was shaped by indirect three-dimensional printing. It was shown that pre-ignition processes in the porous reactor are much faster than in a free combustion, especially at lower temperatures. Interaction of high velocity diesel jets with cylindrical strut ligaments of the SiSiC lattice structure offers a new possibility for quick and efficient fuel distribution (multi-jet splitting) in space.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Erosion-corrosion (E-C) of 3003 aluminum (Al) alloy in ethylene glycol-water solutions were studied by weight-loss and electrochemical measurements as well as surface characterization through an impingement jet system. Al alloy E-C is dominated by erosion components, i.e., pure erosion and corrosion-enhanced erosion, which account for 92-97% of the total E-C rate under the various conditions in this work. Contribution from corrosion components, including pure corrosion and erosion-enhanced corrosion, is slight. With the increase of fluid flow velocity and sand concentration, the total E-C rate increases. Compared with the significant increase of the rates of erosion components, the increase of the rate of corrosion component is negligible. Upon fluid flow, passivity of Al alloy that develo...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract To investigate the link between the functionality and the diversity of microbial communities under strong selective pressure from pollutants, two types of mesocosms that simulate natural attenuation and phytoremediation were generated using soil from a site highly contaminated with jet fuel and under air-sparging treatment. An increase in the petroleum hydrocarbon concentration from 4900 to 18-500-mg-kg-1-dw soil simulated a pollutant rebound (postremediation pollutant reversal due to residual contamination). Analysis of soil bacterial communities by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments showed stronger changes and selection for a phylogenetically diverse microbial population in the mesocosms with pollutant-tolerant willow trees. Enumerat...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The alpha-particle confinement of future D-T experiments at JET can be severely degraded by Global Alfven Eigenmodes (AE). Scenarios for the excitation of Alfven Eigenmodes in usual (e.g. D-D) plasmas are proposed, which provide a MHD diagnostic and allow the study of the transport of super-Alfvenic ions. Active studies with separate control of TAE amplitude and energetic particle destabilization, measuring the plasma response, give more information than passive studies, in particular concerning the damping mechanisms. The TAE excitation can be achieved by means of the saddle coil and the ICRH antenna. The experimental method is introduced together with a theoretical model for RF excitation. (authors). 6 refs., 3 figs.