ii halides nitrogen: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING [11C] METHYL HALIDE

Carbalkoxylation of vinyl electrophiles was investigated using platinum complexes. This reaction occurs in two steps: (a) carbonyl insertion of {sigma}-vinyl Pt(II) halides and (b) alcoholysis of vinylic acyl Pt(II) complexes. Alcoholysis of vinylic acyl Pt(II) triflate complexes is investigated kinetically. Vinylic acyl Pt(II) complexes were isolated and characterized. 51 refs., 5 figs., 6 tabs.

1992-03-01

2

J-STORE (Japan)

Full Text Available

2005-04-08

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Reactions of thiocyanogen and thiocyanogen halides with unsaturated compounds

Operation of an 18-fold segmented n-type HPGe detector in liquid nitrogen

Data on the reactions of thiocyanogen and thiocyanogen halides with unsaturated compounds are systematised. The kinetic and stereo- and regiochemical regularities of these reactions are analysed. The bibliography includes 81 references.

1998-05-31

4

Fluoride ion catalyzed alkylation of purines, pyrimidines, nucleosides and nucleotides using alky halides.

For the first time a segmented n-type HPGe detector was operated directly submerged in liquid nitrogen over a long period. As this kind of detector is envisioned to be used in GERDA phase II, it was operated with a low mass signal cable with snap-contacts and mounted in a low-mass copper holder. The detector performance was stable over 146 days, indicating that neither detector nor contacts deteriorated.

2009-11-01

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Electrolysis of halide-containing solutions with platinum based amorphous metal alloy anodes

Alkyl halides react rapidly with purines and pyrimidines in the presence of fluoride ion. Alkylation of thymidine leads to novel dimeric nucleoside derivatives bridged through N3. Alkylation of thymidine...Full Text Available

1979-04-01

6

Palladium(II) and platinum(II) saccharinate complexes containing pyridine and 3-acetylpyridine: Synthesis, crystal structures, fluorescence and thermal properties

A process for the generation of halogens from halide-containing solutions includes the step of conducting electrolysis of the solutions in an electrolytic cell having a platinum based amorphous metal alloy anode.

1985-12-24

7

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

New palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of saccharinate (sac), trans-[Pd(py)"2(sac)"2] (1), cis-[Pt(py)"2(sac)"2] (2), trans-[Pd(3-acpy)"2(sac)"2] (3) and cis-[Pt(3-acpy)"2(sac)"2] (4) (py=pyridine and 3-acpy=3-acetylpyridine) have been synthesized. Elemental analysis, UV-Vis, IR, NMR and TG/DTA characterizations have been carried out. The structures of 1-4 were determined by X-ray diffraction. The palladium(II) and platinum(II) ions are coordinated by two N-bonded sac ligands, and two nitrogen atoms of py or 3-acpy, forming a distorted square-planar geometry. The palladium(II) complexes (1 and 3) are trans isomers, while the platinum(II) complexes (2 and 4) are cis isomers. The mononuclear species in the solid state are connected by weak intermolecular C-H...O hydrogen bonds, C-H...@...

2011-01-01

8

Synthesis, luminescence quantum yields, and lifetimes of trischelated ruthenium(II) mixed-ligand complexes including 3,3'-dimethy1-2,2'-bipyridyl

First principle calculation on the electronic structure of the copper (II)-azido compound [#left brace#Cu(L)(N_3)_2#right brace#_n] (L=benzylamine)

New five complexes of the type of [RuL sub(3-x)(dmby) sub(x)]X sub(2)(x = 1,2,3, L = 2,2'-bipyridyl or 1,10-phenanthroline, dmby = 3,3'-dimethy1-2,2'-bipyridyl, X = halide ion) have been synthesized in order to investigate the effects of two methyl groups of dmby on the absorption and emission spectra, luminescence quantum yields, and lifetimes. Values of the radiative and nonradiative rate constants have been calculated from these data at 77K. Although the absorption and emission maxima and the lifetimes are not much affected by the dmby ligand substitution, the molar extinction coefficients and emission quantum yields are decreased compared with trischelated complexes of the parent bipyridyl or phenanthroline ligands. At 25"0C the emission yields of the complexes containing dmby decrease by 3 - 4 orders of magnitude than at 77K. Possible causes of the decrease in the quantum yields are discussed. (author).

1982-01-01

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Complexation of nitrogen and sulphur donor Schiff's base ligand to Cr(III) and Ni(II) metal ions: Synthesis, spectroscopic and antipathogenic studies

Cu"2"+ ions are alternatively bridged by end-on and asymmetrical end-to-end (EE) azido groups in copper (II)-azido compound [#left brace#Cu(L)(N_3)_2#right brace#_n] (L=benzylamine). The electronic structure of its ferromagnetic ground state has been calculated using the self-consistent full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method based on the density functional theory. The spin populations have been found to be strongly positive on the Cu"2"+ ions, weakly positive on the terminal nitrogen atoms of the azido groups as well as on the nitrogen atoms of the benzylamine, and feeble on the central nitrogen atoms of the azido groups. Based on the spin distribution obtained from calculation, the ferromagnetic coupling through the azido groups has been analyzed as resulting from a spin delocalization from the Cu"2"+ ions toward the azido groups. But the result also indicates that the spin polarization ...

2005-03-01

10

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

2,6-Diacetyl pyridine based ligand was synthesized by the reaction of 2,6-diacetyl pyridine with thiocarbohydrazide in presence of acetic acid. The coordination compounds with Cr(III) and Ni(II) metal ions having [Cr(L)X]X2 and [Ni(L)X]X compositions (where L=ligand and X=NO3^-, Cl^- and CH3COO^-) were synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectral studies. The studies like elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, UV-Vis, NMR, mass and EPR reveal that the complexes are octahedral. The compounds were examined against the pathogenic fungal and bacterial strains like Alternaria brassicae, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Xanthomonas compestris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A. niger causes the diseases Apergillosis and Oto...

2011-01-01

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A study on the photocatalytic decomposition reactions of organics dissolved in water (II)

Small-molecule screen identifies inhibitors of a human intestinal calcium-activated chloride channel.

Experiments on aqueous TiO{sup 2} photocatalytic reaction characteristics of 4 nitrogen-containing and 12 aromatic organic compounds were carried out. Based on the values calculated for the distribution of ionic species and atomic charge, the characteristics of their photocatalytic decomposition were estimated. It was shown that the dependence of decomposition of the N-containing compounds were linearly proportional to their nitrogen atomic charge values, while that of the aromatic compounds were inversely proportional. The effects of aqueous pH, oxygen content and concentration on the TiO{sup 2} photocatalytic characteristics of EDTA-Cu(II) and EDTA-Fe(III) were experimentally investigated. All EDTA systems were decomposed better in the pH range of 2.5{approx}3.0 and with more dissolved oxygen. These results could be applied to a unit process for removal of organic impurities dissolved in a source water of the system ...

2001-01-01

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Quantitative analysis of iodine in thyroidin. II. Method of combustion in flask with oxygen

Calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCs) are widely expressed in mammalian tissues, including intestinal epithelia, where they facilitate fluid secretion. Potent, selective CaCC inhibitors have not been available. We established a high-throughput screen for identification of inhibitors of a human intestinal CaCC based on inhibition of ATP/carbachol-stimulated iodide influx in HT-29 cells after lentiviral infection with the yellow fluorescent halide-sensing protein YFP-H148Q/I152L. Screening of 50,000 diverse, drug-like compounds yielded six classes of putative CaCC inhibitors, two of which, 3-acyl-2-aminothiophenes and 5-aryl-2-aminothiazoles, inhibited by >95% iodide influx in HT-29 cells in response to multiple calcium-elevating agonists, including thapsigargin, without inhibition of calcium elevation, calcium-calmodulin kinase II activation, or cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator chloride channels. These compounds also ...

2007-12-14

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Low-temperature technology for high-grade products from coal

The authors experimentally study the separate stages of the determination of iodine in thyroidin by the combustion method in a flask with oxygen. The monotypic, conventional procedures and the procedure of Kolii and Pakhomov were studied. With addition of potassium iodide, a sixfold amount (compared with the initial) of iodine is liberated. Further, the liberated iodine is titrated by sodium thiosulfate. The authors find the degree of influence of a high nitrogen content on the determination of iodine in organic compounds. The procedure developed for the quantitative determination of the iodine in thyroidin by the combustion method is simple, fairly rapid, and can be used for the reliable control of the quality of thyroidin preparations and its starting raw material.

1986-11-01

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Investigation of the influence of nitrogen on the pitting corrosion of high alloyed austenitic Cr-Ni-Mo-steels (Part II); Untersuchungen zum Einfluss des Stickstoffs auf das Lochkorrosionsverhalten hochlegierter austenitischer Cr-Ni-Mo-Staehle (Teil II)

Gasification and hydrogenation are the two basic routes for coal processing. Accounts are given of various low-temperature processes in coal gasification route A: air separation, removal of sour gas by the Rectisol process, liquid nitrogen washing, the material balance and utility consumption of these processes, plus low-temperature gas separation, partial condensation and methane washing. There are also accounts of the low-temperature processes involved in gasification route B: i.e., in the indirect coal liquefaction and direct liquefaction carried out in the Sasol II and III processes. (3 refs.) (In Japanese)

1982-01-01

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Infrared processes in the auroral zone

Austenitic stainless steel (18% Cr, 12% Ni, Mo gradation between 0,06 to 3,6%) had been solution nitrided. By step-by-step removing, the samples could be prepared with various surface contents of nitrogen from 0.04 to 0.42%. In two test series the influence of nitrogen had been determined. The susceptibility against pitting corrosion of these samples had been tested by the chronopotentiostatical method. For the investigated steel composition and the used corrosion system there is no influence of molybdenum on the effectiveness of nitrogen. The effectiveness of nitrogen can be described by the factor 25 in the PRE. By the investigation of the surfaces with the XPS analysis, it could be shown that the passivation and the pit nucleation is influenced by nitrogen. In these ranges NO{sub x}, NH{sub x}, and NH{sub z}-spectra have been detected. Bound Mo was found in steels containing ...

2004-11-01

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Theoretical study of the non-steady discharge at atmospheric pressure in pin-plate system and its application for ozone production

... aurorae carbon dioxide emission spectra infrared radiation nitrogen nitrogen

8432-01-01

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SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF N,N-BIS(PHOSPHONOMETHYL) GLYCINE AND ZINC IONS IN CORROSION CONTROL OF CARBON STEEL IN COOLING WATER SYSTEMS

In this paper as a result of the theoretical studies and a numerical simulation we presented the following main conclusions: (i) for humid air at increasing pressure of 1.0133 10"5 Pa until 5.0665 10"5 Pa ozone concentrations during 2 centre dot 10"-"3 s become higher in 22 times. This fact we clear with structure of ozone-production reactions. In this case the harmful NO_x concentrations are 2-3 order lower than ozone one; (ii) it is shown that nitrogen is useful to ozone production in the discharge; (iii) based on ion collection we cleared increasing ignition discharge voltage at growing ozone concentrations even with low ozone concentrations.

18

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A protective film has been developed on the surface of carbon steel in low chloride aqueous environment using a synergistic mixture of an environmentally friendly phosphonic acid, N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl) glycine (BPMG), and zinc ions. Impedance studies of the metal/solution interface indicated that the surface film is highly protective against the corrosion of carbon steel in the chosen environment. Potentiodynamic polarization studies showed that the inhibitor is a mixed inhibitor. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis (XPS) of the film showed the presence of the elements iron, phosphorus, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and zinc. Deconvolution spectra of these elements in the surface film showed the presence of oxides/hydroxides of iron(III), Zn(OH)2, and [Zn(II)-BPMG] complex. This infe...

2011-01-01

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Competitive and allelopathic interference between soybean crop and annual wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) under field conditions

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Annual wormwood interference on soybean crop growth and yield may result from competition and allelopathy, which are modulated by crop management. Allelochemicals released by annual wormwood (e.g. artemisinin) may affect the crop directly or indirectly through the effect on the nitrogen fixing symbiont, Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The objectives were (i) to quantify the crop response (i.e. biomass production, nodulation and yield) to weed interference and (ii) to determinate the relative change of competition and allelopathy interferences, when a sublethal dose of herbicide is applied. Two split plot field experiments with three replications were used. The experiment involved a factorial combination of five weed-crop density (soybean/annual wormwood, plantsm^-^2) levels: D1, pure soybean, 40...

2011-01-01

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Advanced coal liquefaction research: Technical progress report, October 1, 1986-December 31, 1986

Partial discharge in liquid nitrogen

This report describes studies made during the fourth quarter of 1986 using the revised microautoclave experimental technique. Studies were made of the effect of reaction time on conversion using Kemmerer coal. Results that, at least during the first 30 minutes, conversion is a monotonically increasing function of reaction time and temperature. A study was also made of the effect of temperature on conversion. In general, conversion increased with temperature. The reactivity of coal appears to be unaffected by exposure to Certigrav fluid, if the exposed coal is subjected to two acetone washings under a nitrogen blanket. Work was started on using SCR-II process solvent in place of tetralin. Results indicate that SRC-II process solvent is a satisfactory solvent donor for high reactivity, high ash bituminous coals, but slightly less effective for low ash, subbituminous coals. Some tests were made to examine the effect of ...

1988-03-01

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Cryogenic trick for enhanced cooling using liquid nitrogen

Results are presented of experiments on partial discharge in liquid nitrogen, including insulation breakdown characteristics of liquid nitrogen, partial discharge characteristics of composite insulation systems, lifetime of polymer films, impulse breakdown of polymer films in liquid nitrogen, etc. The partial discharge characteristics of liquid nitrogen are examined with increasing liquid-nitrogen pressure. It is concluded that a composite insulation structure of polymer film and liquid nitrogen can be used as effective electrical insulators at cryogenic temperatures.

1976-01-01

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"1"5N-"1"4N study of the role of the leaf in the nitrogen nutrition of the seed of Datura stramonium L

The thermal transpiration method has been employed to replace the temperature of liquid nitrogen by #approx#12 K. This is done by bubbling He (g) through the liquid nitrogen.

1993-01-01

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Structure of molten alkali halides

... amino acids carbon 14 glutamine leaves nitrogen 14 nitrogen 15 nutrition

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Structure of molten alkali halides

The results of X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments on molten alkali halides in which some data of our experiments by X-ray diffraction such as those of molten LiCl, NaCl, KCl, LiBr and KBr are included were summarized. The first peak positions in the radial distribution function in molten alkali halides by X-ray or neutron diffraction experiments are always longer than those by computer simulations and the differences of 0.1 -- 0.3 A exceed the experimental error. It seems to be due to the deformation of the electron shell. In the computer simulation, the shell model which has the spherical deformation was expected to have a closer value of the first peak position to the experimental one than the rigid ion model by taking the polarization of ions. However, no change in the first peak position was found. Therefore, the non-spherical deformation of electron shell at the point where ions are in contact with each other has to be taken into ...

1982-06-01

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Synthesis, structure, and spectroscopic properties of ortho-metalated platinum(II) complexes

The results of X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments on molten alkali halides in which some data of our experiments by X-ray diffraction such as those of molten LiCl, NaCl, KCl, LiBr and KBr are included were summarized. The first peak positions in the radial distribution function in molten alkali halides by X-ray or neutron diffraction experiments are always longer than those by computer simulations and the differences of 0.1 -- 0.3 A exceed the experimental error. It seems to be due to the deformation of the electron shell. In the computer simulation, the shell model which has the spherical deformation was expected to have more closer value of the first peak position to the experimental one than the rigid ion model by taking the polarization of ions. However, no change in the first peak position was found. Therefore, the non-spherical deformation of electron shell at the point where ions are in contact with each other has to be taken into ...

1982-01-01

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Fundamental Chemistry And Thermodynamics Of Hydrothermal Oxidation Processes

The ortho-metalated Pt(II) complexes Pt(ppy)(CO)Cl (1), Pt(ptpy)(CO)Cl (2), and Pt(ppy)(Hppy)Cl (3) (where ppy and ptpy are respectively the ortho-C-deprotonated forms of 2-phenylpyridine and 2-p-tolylpyridine and Hppy is 2-phenylpyridine) have been prepared. The CO ligand is coordinated trans to the nitrogen atom of the ortho-metalated ligand and exerts a strong trans effect resulting in a relatively long Pt-N bond [2.114(19) {angstrom}]. This structure shows both the bidentate ppy ligand and the monodentate Hppy with the nitrogens of these ligands trans to each other. The UV/vis electronic absorption spectra of 1-3 have intense bands in the near-UV region ({approximately}375 nm) which have been assigned as metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transitions, and higher energy bands were assigned as ligand-centered transitions. Each complex exhibits relatively long-lived structured emissions in the solid state at ambient ...

1995-04-26

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The URE2 protein regulates nitrogen catabolic gene expression through the GATAA-containing UASNTR element in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Hydrothermal oxidation (HTO) is a promising technology for the treatment of aqueous-fluid hazardous and mixed waste streams. Waste streams identified as likely candidates for treatment by this technology are primarily aqueous fluids containing hazardous organic compounds, and often containing inorganic compounds including radioisotopes (mixed wastes). These wastes are difficult and expensive to treat by conventional technologies (e.g. incineration) due to their high water content; in addition, incineration can lead to concerns related to stack releases. An especially attractive potential advantage of HTO over conventional treatment methods is the total containment of all reaction products within the overall system. The potential application of hydrothermal oxidation (HTO) technology for the treatment of DOE hazardous or mixed wastes has been uncertain due to concerns about safe and efficient operation of the technology. In principle, aqueous DOE wastes, including hazardous an d mixed ...

2001-12-31

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Testing of the high current implantator of nitrogen ions

Many of the gene products that participate in nitrogen metabolism are sensitive to nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR), i.e., their expression is decreased to low levels when readily used nitrogen...Full Text Available

1994-12-01

29

Ruminant nutrition regimes to reduce methane and nitrogen emissions

No abstract prepared

1999-10-01

30

Recovery of nitrogen oxides as nitric acid by mineral zeolite

No further description is available

2010-01-21

31

Preparation of AgX (X = Cl, I) nanoparticles using ionic liquids

Short communication.

1992-06-01

32

Laboratory studies of the sensitivity of tropospheric ozone to the chemistry of sea salt aerosol. Final report, September 15, 1993--September 14, 1994

Nanoparticles of silver halides have been prepared by mixing silver halide powder with a single liquid phase consisting of an ionic liquid, isooctane, n-decanol and water. Much higher nanoparticle concentrations may be formed with ionic liquids using this new simple method than are found with conventionally applied surfactants. This method also emphasizes the applicability of ionic liquids as versatile components in microemulsions and as solvents for the synthesis of nanomaterials. The effect on the nanoparticles of changing the composition of the liquid mixtures and the nature of the ionic liquid is analysed. High nanoparticle concentrations were only found with chloride based ionic liquids, indicating the importance of the ionic liquid anion in the mechanism of the reaction.

2008-03-12

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STRUCTURE OF LIQUID NITROGEN,

Ozone plays a critical role in both the chemistry and radiation balance of the troposphere. Understanding the factors controlling tropospheric ozone levels is critical to our understanding of a variety of issues in global chemistry and climate change. Chlorine atoms have the potential to contribute significantly to the ozone balance in the free troposphere. They can react directly with ozone or alternately, with organics and may actually lead to the formation of ozone in the presence of sufficient NO. Reactions of alkali halides in sea salt particles are a potential source of atomic chlorine, hence reactions of these alkali halides, especially those producing precursors to atomic chlorine, are of great interest. Finally, the mechanisms, intermediates and products of the Cl-biogenic reactions are unknown; these could serve as unique markers of chlorine atom chemistry in the troposphere, and hence are important to define.

1994-11-15

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Operational Characteristics of a Liquid Nitrogen Powered ...

... Accession Number : AD0618975. Title : STRUCTURE OF LIQUID NITROGEN,. Corporate Author : CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA. ...

1962-03-27

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Liquid nitrogen dewar for protein crystal growth

... Accession Number : ADA350829. Title : Operational Characteristics of a Liquid Nitrogen Powered Automobile. Descriptive Note : Master's thesis. ...

1998-08-04

36

Synthesis, structure, and antitumor activity of novel platinum(II) complexes involving asymmetric chiral diamines as carrier ligands

Gaseous Nitrogen Dewar apparatus developed by Dr. Alex McPherson of the University of California,

2001-01-01

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Reaction with glutathione. A possible mechanism involved in rodent brain retention of a "9"9"mTc SNS/S complex containing a pendant ester functionality

New platinum(II) complexes with asymmetrically substituted chiral diamine ligands A{sub 2}PtX{sub 2}, (A{sub 2}=NH{sub 2}CH(CH{sub 3})CH{sub 2}NH(c-C{sub 5}H{sub 9}) (apcpa), NH{sub 2}CH(CH{sub 3})CH{sub 2}NH(c-C{sub 6}H{sub 11}) (apcha); X{sub 2}=2Cl, isopropylidenmalonate (IPM), 1,1'-cyclobutandicarboxylate (CBDCA) have been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analyses, infrared and NMR spectroscopies, and X-ray crystallography. The crystal structures of (S-apcha)Pt[CBDCA]{center_dot}3H{sub 2}O (orthorhombic, P2{sub 1}2{sub 1}2(No. 18), a=6.926(3), b=15.243(3), c=19.319(4) A, V=2039.5(10) A{sup 3}, Z=4, R=0.072) and (S-apcha)Pt[IPM]{center_dot}2.5H{sub 2}O (monoclinic, P2/c(No. 13), a=9.882(1), b=18.502(1), c=22.056(1) A, V=4032.8(5) A{sup 3}, Z=8, R=0.093) exhibit that the platinum atoms achieve a typical square planar arrangement with two nitrogen atoms in cis position and with the chiral center retained. The ...

1999-12-01

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Stable halogen complexes of astatine cations in aqueous solutions

The synthesis, characterization of M"vO([CH_3CH_2N(CH_2CH_2S)_2](p-S-Ph-COOCH_2-CH_3)) (M:"9"9"mTc: I, Re: II) is presented in this work, where a pendant ester function is attached to the monothiolate ligand. Chemical structure of I is established after chromatographic comparison with II, synthesized in macroscopic amounts. Complex II is fully characterized by classical methods of analysis showing that the compound adopts a distorted trigonal bipyramidal configuration around the metal. The two sulfur atoms of the tridentate ligand and the oxo group form the basal plane, while the remaining nitrogen atom of the tridentate ligand and the sulfur atom of the monothiolate ligand occupy the apices of the bipyramid. In vitro challenge experiments with glutathione (GSH) in neutral aqueous medium demonstrate, that I suffers nucleophilic attack by GSH and thereby transformation to a more hydrophilic daughter ...

1998-08-01

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Efficient synthesis of unsymmetric diarylalkynes from decarboxylative coupling in a continuous flow reaction system

Halide complexes of astatine cations At"+ and AtO"+ were prepared and their rate of migration was measured. The complexes are of the type AtX_2"- and AtOX_2"- (X = Cl"-, Br"-, I"-). The bromo complexes, AtBr_2"- and AtOBr_2"-, have a higher stability than the chloro complexes. The hydrolysis in weakly alkaline solution of AtX_2"- resulted At"-, and that of AtOX_2"- AtO_2"-. (author).

40

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Unsymmetric diaryl alkynes were synthesized from the palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative coupling of aryl halides and propiolic acid using a continuous flow reaction system. This flow chemistry system continuously gave the desired products in moderate to good yields, and produced less byproduct than was formed in the batch reaction.

2011-01-01

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A new Nitrogen Index to evaluate nitrogen losses in intensive forage systems in Mexico

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Although nitrogen inputs to agricultural fields are necessary for global food sustainability, they present a major nutrient management challenge, because nitrogen inputs can increase nitrogen losses to the environment, which can negatively impact water quality across key surface and groundwater resources. The need to evaluate the potential risk of nitrogen losses for a given forage type, management scenario, and field quickly and easily can be met with new tools that assist in environmental risk assessment. An example is the Mexico Nitrogen Index: this new tool aims to help its users quickly evaluate the risk of nitrogen loss for a given field under a given set of management practices. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the Mexico Nitrogen Index in ranking the risk...

2011-01-01

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X11 Desktop Environments (KDE and GNOME) - Part II

CERN Document Server

X11 Desktop Environments (KDE and GNOME) - Part II

2000-01-01

43

Java-based Graphical User Interface for MAVERIC-II

Second Byurakan spectral sky survey. II. Results for region centered on alpha 09h50m, delta +55 deg 00 arcmin

A computer program entitled "Marshall Aerospace Vehicle Representation in C II,

2005-01-01

44

Proton spin lattice relaxation studies in lithium ammonium sulfate LiNH_4SO_4

The second list of objects in the Second Biurakan Spectral Sky Survey of the region centered on alpha 09h50m, delta +55 deg 00 arcmin is given. The list contains data on 110 objects and galaxies of a peculiar physical nature and 24 blue stars. The observations were made with the 40-52 arcsec Schmidt telescope of the Biurakan Astrophysical Observatory with a set of three objective prisms using Kodak IIIaJ and IIIaF emulsions sensitized in nitrogen. The area is found to contain 20 quasar candidates and four Seyfert galaxies, 27 blue stellar objects, 24 galaxies with an appreciable ultraviolet continuum, and 39 emission galaxies without appreciable ultraviolet radiation. The surface brightness of the quasars and Seyferts on the considered area down to the limiting magnitude 19.5 M is more than 1.5 per square degree with allowance for the already known quasars. The surface density of emission galaxies is about four per square degree. 7 references.

1984-07-01

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Lithium ammonium sulfate (LAS) undergoes a phase transition at Tsub(c1) = 459.5deg K from a paraelectric phase (phase 1) to a ferroelectric phase (phase II) and again at Tsub(c2) = 283deg K to a polar ferroelastic phase (phase III). Proton spin lattice relaxation investigations in the temperature range 480-77deg K at 10 MHz show discontinuous changes in Tsub(1) at the transition temperatures, indicating first order phase transitions. The absence of the slow motion region (#omega#sub(not)tausub(not)>>1) shows that the ammonium ions are reorienting fast enough to keep the resonance absorption line narrow down to liquid nitrogen temperatures. The possibility of a second minimum and a low activation energy, Esub(a) = 2.659 kcal/mole, in phase III suggest the possibility of tunnelling of the protons at low temperatures. The nature of the transitions have been discussed in the light of the available literature. The unusually high activation ...

1978-12-31

46

Synthesis and characterization of nickel(II), chromium(III), cobalt(II), copper(II), zinc(II), and cadmium(II) complexes with isatin- isonicotinoylhydrazone

It has been previously stated that the minimum physiological recommendations for the indispensable amino acids in health adults, as proposed by FAO/WHO/UNU in 1985, are far too low, except for the methionine. An amino acid stable isotopic kinetic study was conducted to seek further experimental support to this hypothesis. Twenty healthy young men received an l-amino acid based diet, supplying 140 mg N.kg"-"1.d"-"1, patterned on egg protein for 1 week, then for 3 weeks either i) a pattern based on current international recommendations (FAO diet, n=7), ii) a the tentative Laboratory of Human Nutrition of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, new amino acid recommendation pattern (MIT diet, n=7) or iii) again the egg hen pattern (EGG diet, n=6). All subjects were again studied for one final, consecutive week of the egg diet. At the end of the initial week, at the first and third week with the three experimental diets,and after three days following the return of ...

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The use of nitrogen isotopes in research on sheep nutrition

A few metal complexes of isatin-isonicotinoylhydrazone with Ni(II), Cr(III), Co(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) have been prepared and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, infrared and electronic spectra as well as "1H NMR spectra, conductivity and magnetic measurements. In view of the results obtained, it has been found that two molecules of isatin-isonicotinoylhydrazone are chelated to the central metal ion as bis-uninegative ONO tridentate ligand forming non-electrolytic octahedral metal complexes. (author)

1997-03-01

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Role of the nac gene product in the nitrogen regulation of some NTR-regulated operons of Klebsiella aerogenes.

Using nitrogen-13 initial measurements have been made of rumen ammonia-nitrogen pool size and turnover, and rate of incorporation of ammonia into microbial protein. It is also feasible to measure the rate of incorporation of absorbed ammonia into urea and the appearance of label in saliva.

1985-08-26

49

Nitrogen limitation and nitrogen fixation during alkane biodegradation in a sandy soil.

A positive, genetic selection against the activity of the nitrogen regulatory (NTR) system was used to isolate insertion mutations affecting nitrogen regulation in Klebsiella aerogenes. Two classes...Full Text Available

1990-12-01

50

Wear Rate and Friction Coefficient in Liquid Nitrogen and ...

We investigated nutrient limitations during hydrocarbon degradation in a sandy soil and found that fixed nitrogen was initially a limiting nutrient but that N limitation could sometimes be overcome...Full Text Available

1993-09-01

51

NASA - NASA Selects Pennsylvania Firm to Build Liquid Nitrogen Plant

... Title : Wear Rate and Friction Coefficient in Liquid Nitrogen and Hydrogen of Steel Sliding on Polymer Laminates (Various Fabrics and Polymers. ...

1968-04-01

52

Liquid Nitrogen Dewar Loading at KSC for STS-71 Flight

Sep 21, 2006 ... NASA has selected Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, Pa., to design, furnish and install a plant to produce liquid nitrogen for ...

53

Field studies among diverse biomes demonstrate that nitrogen ...

Liquid nitrogen dewar loading at Kennedy Space Center for STS-71 flight with Stan Koszelak (right),

1995-01-01

54

Cost effective use of liquid nitrogen in cryogenic wind tunnels

Field studies among diverse biomes demonstrate that nitrogen concentration (% N) at leaf- and canopy-scales is strongly related to carbon uptake and cycling ...

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0100127 - Liquid nitrogen dewar for protein crystal growth - NASA

A method of reliquefying from 12 to 19% of the nitrogen exhaust gas from a cryogenic wind tunnel has

1987-01-01

56

Experimental determination of the thermal diffusivity of molten alkali halides by the forced Rayleigh scattering method. I. Molten LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, and CsCl

Gaseous Nitrogen Dewar apparatus developed by Dr. Alex McPherson of the University of California, Irvine for use aboard Mir and the International Space ...

57

Electron spin resonance study of the equilibrium between tetrahalogeno- and pentahalogeno-nitridotechnetate (VI) ions in solution

As a series of experimental determinations of the thermal diffusivity of molten alkali halides, this paper describes measurements on five molten alkali metal chlorides (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, and CsCl) in the temperature range up to 1440 K by the forced Rayleigh scattering method. K[sub 2]Cr[sub 2]O[sub 7] is employed as a dye substance to color the transparent molten salts. In comparison with the present results converted into thermal conductivity, most of the previous experimental data obtained by steady-state methods show larger values, up to about five times, which may be due to the systematic error caused by the presence of convection and radiation. It is found that the thermal conductivity of these series of molten alkali metal chlorides decreases with increasing molecular weight, and their temperature coefficients are weakly negative. 24 refs., 9 figs., 6 tabs.

1992-07-01

58

Comparison of LaBr_3:Ce and NaI(Tl) Scintillators for Radio-Isotope Identification Devices

The e.s.r. spectra of (AsPh/sub 4/)(TcNCl/sub 4/), Cs/sub 2/(TcNCl/sub 5/), (AsPh/sub 4/)(TcNBr/sub 4/), and Cs/sub 2/(TcNBr/sub 5/) have been studied in non-aqueous and concentrated aqueous acid solutions. None of the spectra shows evidence for the co-ordination of a fifth halide ligand in the trans position, even under circumstances such as a 2 000-fold excess of halide ion, which would be expected to favour the formation of the pentahalogenonitridotechnetate ion. The predominant species in solution is the tetrahalogenonitridotechnetate ion, where the trans position may be vacant or occupied by a solvent molecule in the case of the non-aqeuous solvents and by a water molecule in the case of HCl and HBr solutions. This conclusion may be contrasted with the behaviour of a number of tetra- and penta-halogeno-oxometal complexes, where the equilibrium (MOX/sub 4/)sup(n-) + X/sup -/< - - > (MOX/sub 5/)sup(n + 1)/sup -/ is clearly established.

1987-07-01

59

An electron spin resonance study of the equilibrium between tetrahalogeno- and pentahalogeno-nitridotechnetate (VI) ions in solution

Lanthanum halide (LaBr_3:Ce) scintillators offer significantly better resolution (< 3% at 662 keV) relative to NaI(Tl) and have recently become commercially available in sizes large enough for the handheld, Radio-Isotope Identification Device (RIID) market. Drawbacks to lanthanum halide detectors, however, include internal radioactivity contributing to spectral counts, and a low-energy response which can cause detector resolution to be worse than that of NaI(Tl) below 100 keV. To study the potential of this new material for RIIDs we performed a series of measurements comparing a 1.5 x 1.5-inch LaBr_3:Ce detector with an Exploranium GR-135 RIID, which contains a 1.5 x 2.2-inch NaI(Tl) detector. Measurements were taken for short timeframes, as typifies RIID usage. Measurements included examples of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM), typically found in cargo, and special nuclear materials. Some measurements were non-contact, ...

2005-10-23

60

Study on Solvent Extraction Using Salen(NEt2)2 as a Chelating Agent for Determination of Trace Cu(II), Mn(II), and Zn(II) in Water Samples

The e.s.r. spectra of [AsPh_4][TcNCl_4], Cs_2[TcNCl_5], [AsPh_4][TcNBr_4], and Cs_2[TcNBr_5] have been studied in non-aqueous and concentrated aqueous acid solutions. None of the spectra shows evidence for the co-ordination of a fifth halide ligand in the trans position, even under circumstances such as a 2 000-fold excess of halide ion, which would be expected to favour the formation of the pentahalogenonitridotechnetate ion. The predominant species in solution is the tetrahalogenonitridotechnetate ion, where the trans position may be vacant or occupied by a solvent molecule in the case of the non-aqeuous solvents and by a water molecule in the case of HCl and HBr solutions. This conclusion may be contrasted with the behaviour of a number of tetra- and penta-halogeno-oxometal complexes, where the equilibrium [MOX_4]sup(n-) + X"-< - - > [MOX_5]sup(n + 1)"- is clearly established. (author).

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61

Studies on ion association : stabilities of azido complexes of Ni(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II)

Full Text Available

2008-05-01

62

Catalytic hydration of alkynes with platinum(II) complexes

... v. 14(8) p. 624-625. azido compounds cadmium complexes potentiometry

63

Pitting corrosion of zirconium and hafnium

Platinum(II) complexes have been investigated in the hydration of alkynes. These catalysts offer improved regioselectivity over Hg(II) counterparts. 1 fig., 2 tabs.

1993-12-17

64

Pitting corrosion of nickel base alloys in halide media

The initiation and inhibition of pitting corrosion on zirconium and hafnium in aqueous solutions have been investigated by potentiodynamic, potentiostatic and galvanostatic measurements at 25/sup 0/C. Effects of Cl/sup -/, Br/sup -/and I/sup -/ have been examined over a range of salt concentrations and pH. All three halide ions cause pitting attack on the two metals, but this may be inhibited by other anions. The results show that hafnium is more easily protected against pitting than is zirconium. The data are treated by the Butler-Volmer equation to yield more information about the mechanisms of the pitting corrosion.

1988-02-01

65

Inorganic chemistry of univalent astatine

A computerized corrosion measuring system (EG and G model 350 A) was used to study the influence of Cr, Mo, Ti, Nb and W on the pitting corrosion of nickel base alloys in 3% NaCl at 90"0C. The electrochemical parameters under investigation are the corrosion potential E_c_o_r_r, pitting potential E_p and protection potential E_p_p. The corrosion behaviour of nickel base alloys were studied by using pitting scan and potentiostatic techniques. Values of corrosion potential, pitting potential and protection potential were used for a ranking of alloys for corrosion resistance.

1988-03-06

66

Development of a chemically assisted micro-beam etching system for three-dimensional microanalysis

A review is given of the state of knowledge of the chemistry of astatine with the oxidation number +1. According to the position in the periodic system, astatine has metalloidal properties. The existence of a singly-charged cation in acid solution and the complex formation reactions with halide ions (Cl"-, Br"-, and I"-), with pseudohalide ions (SCN"-, CN"-, C(CN)_3"-, and N_3"-), and with thioureas and their derivatives underline the metalloidal character of At(I). Optimal preparation conditions, chemical composition of astatine compounds, existence and stability regions of At(I) complexes, and stability constants have been investigated by means of electromigration in free electrolyte solutions.

67

Seasonal variability of leaf area index and foliar nitrogen in contrasting dry-mesic tundras

A chemically assisted micro-beam etching system for 3D microanalysis was designed. Using chemically assisted ion beam etching (CAIBE) method with FIB shave-off scanning, about several hundred micrometers clean cross-section will be acquired in a few hours. We use focused ion beam (FIB) and electron beam (EB) as micro-beams, halogen or halide mainly as reactive gases. The apparatus was manufactured based on this concept. We found that the FIB, Q-MS and SED worked as expected. The instrumentation has been completed.

2003-01-15

68

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: May 2009

2009-01-01

69

Relationship between Vegetation Composition and Dissolved Nitrogen in Wetlands of Higashi-Hiroshima, West Japan

Preliminary Nitrogen Removal Rates in Close-to-Nature Constructed Stream Water Treatment Wetland

Full Text Available

2007-08-01

70

Policy implementation efforts in reducing nitrogen and phosphorus leaching from agriculture and forestry. A case study of the Laholm Bay

Full Text Available

2002-12-01

71

Oxygen, hydrogen, and deuterium effects on plasma nitriding of metal alloys

Short communication

1994-11-01

72

Nitrogen accumulation in clays: solid-solution equilibrium and risk of gas generation

We report the oxygen, hydrogen, and deuterium effects on nitrogen implantation of stainless steel. Oxygen is absorbed on the surface creating a potential barrier and diminishing the nitrogen retention. Deuterium removes more oxygen from the surface than hydrogen, augmenting the nitrogen chemical potential and yielding faster nitrogen diffusion into the bulk material.

2006-04-01

73

Influence of the contamination level of soils by Chernobyl NPP radionuclides on the nitrogen exchange in yellow lupine (Lupinus Luteus L.)

No abstract prepared.

2002-07-01

74

Improvements of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Mechanical Properties by Nitrogen Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation

Short communication.

1995-04-01

75

Explanation of the unusual peak of calorimetric heat in the adsorption of nitrogen, argon and methane on graphitized thermal carbon black

Not Available

2004-12-01

76

Effect of Bubbles on Liquid Nitrogen Breakdown in Plane-Plane Electrode Geometry From 100-250 kPa

Not Available

2008-01-01

77

Comparison of Nitrogen Removal Between Reed and Cattail Wetland Cells in a Treatment Pond System

Not Available

2011-06-01

78

AUTOMATIC LIQUID NITROGEN PUMPING SYSTEM FOR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS

Full Text Available

2004-12-01

79

[On the traditional surgery of Choson period (II)

A description is given of an automatic liquid nitrogen pumping system. Pamping of liquid nitrogen iato cooling traps up to a predetermined level is achieved by an automatically controlled compressed air system. An impontant feature of the equipment is the ability to switch automatically from an empty liquid nitrogen reservoir to a full one. This allows for a much more flexible operation than in conventional systems where the reservoir has to be replaced manually when empty. (auth)

1963-04-16

80

Advanced Direct Liquefaction Concepts Program Phase II

Full Text Available

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81

Dependence of nitriding degree of Ti surface by non-LTE nitrogen plasma on various plasma parameters

No abstract prepared.

2002-11-30

82

The Bevatron liquid nitrogen circulation system

Experiments of plasma nitriding of titanium are carried out by two plasma sources. One is a microwave discharge plasma source under several Torr, and the other is a nitrogen arc jet generated under atmospheric pressure followed by rapid expansion into a gas wind tunnel. The relationship between the surface density of nitrogen atoms in the #alpha#-Ti and various plasma parameters is systematically studied. For the microwave nitrogen plasma, it is found that the effect of the vibration temperature is the most essential for the surface nitriding, whereas the effect of electron temperature, density and rotation temperature is less remarkable. It is also found that the higher vibration temperature of the microwave discharge nitrogen plasma makes the target temperature higher, and consequently, the surface density of atomic nitrogen remarkably increased. However, the effect of target ...

2004-06-01

83

Phosphorus and nitrogen in the eutrophication of waters. Fosfori ja typpi vesien rehevoeittaejinae - vaikutusten arviointi

A nitrogen liquefier and computer controlled valving system have been added to the Bevatron cryoliner vacuum system to cut operating costs by reducing liquid nitrogen consumption. The computer and interface electronic systems, which control the temperatures of twenty-eight liquid nitrogen circuits, have been chosen and designed to operate in the Bevatron's pulsating magnetic field. The nitrogen exhaust is routed back to a liquefier, of about five kilowatt capacity, liquefied, and rerouted through the cooling circuits. A description of the system and operating results are presented.

1987-03-01

84

Solid state alloying by plasma nitriding and diffusion annealing treatment for austenitic stainless steel

This report is a summary of the contribution of nitrogen and phosphorus in the eutrophication process of inland and coastal waters. Special attention was paid to the mechanisms of these nutrients in regulating biological processes and to the methods available in estimating their effects in the eutrophication of water bodies. The report includes five chapters which are entitled: Introduction, which is a general background to the subject with special attention to the requirements of the Finnish Water Act. Phosphorus and nitrogen as factors regulating biological processes. The topics included are: definition of eutrophication, forms of phosphorus and nitrogen and their sources to inland and coastal waters, effects of these nutrients as growth factors of phytoplankton and macrophytes and consequences of eutrophication. Estimation of the effects of phosphorus and nitrogen. The topics discussed from the point ...

1992-01-01

85

Solid state alloying by plasma nitriding and diffusion annealing treatment for austenitic stainless steel

Nitrogen has been added to stainless steels to improve mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. High nitrogen steel production is limited by high gas pressure requirements and low nitrogen solubility in the melt. One way to overcome this limitation is the addition of nitrogen in solid state because of its higher solubility in austenite. However, gas and salt bath nitriding have been done at temperatures around 550 C, where nitrogen solubility in the steel is still very low. High temperature nitriding has been, thus proposed to increase nitrogen contents in the steel but the presence of oxide layers on top of the steel is a barrier to nitrogen intake. In this paper a modified plasma nitriding process is proposed. The first step of this process is a hydrogen plasma sputtering for oxide removal, exposing active steel surface improving ...

1999-07-01

86

Bioavailability of nitrogen from sewage sludge using "1"5N-labelled ammonium sulphate

Nitrogen has been added to stainless steels to improve mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. High nitrogen steel production is limited by high gas pressure requirements and low nitrogen solubility in the melt. One way to overcome this limitation is the addition of nitrogen in solid state because of its higher solubility in austenite. However, gas and salt bath nitriding have been done at temperatures around 550 C, where nitrogen solubility in the steel is still very low. High temperature nitriding has been, thus proposed to increase nitrogen contents in the steel but the presence of oxide layers on top of the steel is a barrier to nitrogen intake. In this paper a modified plasma nitriding process is proposed. The first step of this process is a hydrogen plasma sputtering for oxide removal, exposing active steel surface improving ...

1998-05-24

87

Acid-base behavior of the ground and excited states of platinum(II) complexes of quinoxaline-2,3-dithiolate

The high nutrient nitrogen and organic matter contents of sewage sludge (SS) make it a potential organic fertilizer for sandy soil. In this study, "1"5N-labelled ammonium sulphate was used to investigate the availability of nitrogen from irradiated and non-irradiated sewage sludge to tomato plants. The application of sewage sludge to sandy soil increased dry matter production (DMP), nitrogen yield (NY) and nitrogen recovery (NR) over two successive years. A positive relationship was found between sludge application rate and DMP and NY. The increase was significantly higher (P=0.05) in irradiated than non-irradiated sewage sludge. Total nitrogen derived from non-irradiated sewage sludge are : 48.0, 63.7, 73.5, 105.2 Kg/ha, whereas, the total nitrogen derived from irradiated sewage sludge are: 55.1, 72.5, 88.9, 141.4 Kg/ha corresponding to application rates of 10 ...

2001-01-01

88

Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of mononuclear Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Pd(II) complexes with new N2O2 Schiff base ligands.

The acid-base behavior of the ground and excited states of Pt(qdt){sub 2}{sup 2{minus}} and Pt(phen)(qdt), where qdt=quinoxaline-2,3-dithiolate and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, has been studied. The pH-dependent changes in the charge-transfer absorption and emission spectra for both complexes are attributed to protonation of the quinoxalinedithiolate ligand at the imine nitrogen. For Pt(qdt){sub 2}{sup 2{minus}}, single protonation leads to a large red shift (2582 cm{sup {minus}1}) of the low-energy charge-transfer-to-dithiolate absorption band and the emergence of a new red-shifted emission feature at 728 nm. In solutions of pH below 6, a second protonation takes place at the other qdt ligand, yielding Pt-(Hqdt){sub 2}. This neutral complex has been isolated and characterized by {sup 1}H NMR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The ground-state basicity constants of the two protonation steps have been determined from spectrophotometric titrations to be pK{sub b1} = ...

1995-06-21

89

Luminescent unit computerization to research spectral characteristics of fine film alkali halide crystal

New tetradentate N(2)O(2) donor Schiff bases and their mononuclear Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Pd(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized extensively by IR, (1)H-, (13)C-NMR, mass, ESR, conductivity measurements, elemental and thermal analysis. Specifically the magnetic and electronic spectral measurements demonstrate the octahedral structures of cobalt(II), nickel(II) complexes and square planar geometries of copper(II), palladium(II) complexes. All the ligands and complexes were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against two gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and two gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia). In this study, Pd(II) complexes exhibited potent antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus whereas ...

2011-02-01

90

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Properties of Anions of Bivalent Transition Metal [Co(II) and Ni(II)] Complexes With Acylhydrazine Derived ONO Donor Schiff Bases

The fundamental optical absorption of ion crystals characterizes the creation of different free low energetic electronic excitation (the excitons and electron-hole pairs), but their straight registration is not possible because of incommensurable big absorption factor of alkali halide monocrystals. So to registration the spectrums of alkali halide monocrystal very fine layers are necessary. We have received fine films of Nal and KCl in system of KCl-Nal-KCl, KCl-KI-KCl on the base of universal vacuum post VUP-4, VUP-5 by thermal evaporation. A unique spectral unit has been created For this on the basic the SDL-2 complex. Complex consists of radiator, systems of condensers, monochromators MDR-12 and MDR-23, receivers of radiation, controller by unit. Connect and control of monochromators by means of IBM-compatible computer has been created. Kinematics schemes of monochromators provide consequent removing on output slot of monochromatic radiation ...

91

Study of wood plastic composite in the presence of nitrogen containing additives

Some acylhydrazine derived ONO donor Schiff bases and their Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes have been prepared having the same metal ion (cation) but different anions. These synthesized metal(II)...Full Text Available

2000-01-01

92

Study of wood plastic composite in the presence of nitrogen containing additives

Effect of nitrogen-containing additives in the study of wood plastic composites of MMA with simul and mango wood of Bangladesh has been investigated. Nine different additives were used and the additives containing carboamide group induce the highest tensile strength to the composite. (author).

1994-10-01

93

Study of wood plastic composite in the presence of nitrogen containing additives

Effect of nitrogen-containing additives in the study of wood plastic composites of MMA with simul and mango wood of Bangladesh has been investigated. Nine different additives were used and the additives containing carboamide group induce the highest tensile strength to the composite. (author).

1994-01-01

94

Nodule and Leaf Nitrate Reductases and Nitrogen Fixation in Medicago sativa L. under Water Stress

Effect of nitrogen-containing additives in the study of wood plastic composites of MMA with simul and mango wood of Bangladesh has been investigated. Nine different additives were used and the additives containing carboamide group induce the highest tensile strength to the composite.

1994-10-01

95

Nitrogen nutrient status induces sexual differences in responses to cadmium in Populus yunnanensis

The effect of water stress on patterns of nitrate reductase activity in the leaves and nodules and on nitrogen fixation were investigated in Medicago sativa L. plants watered 1 week...Full Text Available

1982-02-01

96

Nitrogen metabolite repression of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa.

Populus yunnanensis was employed as a model species to detect sexual differences in growth, physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural responses to cadmium (Cd) stress, nitrogen...Full Text Available

2011-10-01

97

Failure of carnitine in improving hepatic nitrogen content in alcoholic and non?alcoholic malnourished rats

The effect of different nitrogen compounds on the induction of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-nitrate reductase was examined in Neurospora crassa. Whereas in the wild-type strain...Full Text Available

1979-03-01

98

Evolution of Nitrogen Oxide(s) during In Vivo Nitrate Reductase Assay of Soybean Leaves

AIMS:To investigate the effect of carnitine supplementation on alcoholic malnourished rats' hepatic nitrogen content.METHODS:Malnourished rats, on...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

99

Evidence of a general 2/3-power law of scaling leaf nitrogen to phosphorus among major plant groups and biomes

Studies were conducted to quantitate the evolution of nitrogen oxides (NO_(x)) from soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] leaves during in vivo nitrate reductase...Full Text Available

1981-12-01

100

Differentially regulated malate synthase genes participate in carbon and nitrogen metabolism of S. cerevisiae.

Scaling relations among plant traits are both cause and consequence of processes at organ-to-ecosystem scales. The relationship between leaf nitrogen and phosphorus is of particular interest, as both...Full Text Available

2010-03-22

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101

Compounds Which Serve as the Sole Source of Carbon or Nitrogen for Salmonella typhimurium LT-2

We have isolated a second gene (MLS1), which in addition to DAL7, encodes malate synthase from S. cerevisiae. Expression of the two genes is specific for their physiological roles in carbon and nitrogen...Full Text Available

1992-11-11

102

Thermoluminescence studies in lead doped KCl and KBr crystals

About 600 compounds were screened as possible carbon or nitrogen sources for Salmonella typhimurium LT-2. About 100 utilizable compounds were found.

1969-10-01

103

Reaction of the derivatives of trivalent phosphorus acids with 3-azido-. beta. -lactams and the properties of the obtained phosphine imide derivatives

Lead is known to enter substitutionally in divalent state when doped in alkali halides. When irradiated at room temperature these lead centers (Pb"+"+) act as traps for electrons knocked off from the halogen ions and become Pb"+ and Pb"0 (for large doses of irradiation). These changes could be followed in the optical absorption studies. These lead-doped crystals after X-ray irradiation yield a thermoluminescence output smaller than that observed in 'pure' crystals. However, two new glow peaks are observed in additions to those due to F-centers. In KCl : Pb and Kbr : Pb crystals part of the F-center glow preceds the new glow peaks. The new peaks are attributed to the Pb"+ and Pb"0 centers. The glow peak temperatures and trap depths for these peaks an obtained by total-curve fitting method are reported. (author).

1975-02-12

104

Reaction of the derivatives of trivalent phosphorus acids with 3-azido-#beta#-lactams and the properties of the obtained phosphine imide derivatives

3-Azido-..beta..-lactams react with the derivatives of trivalent phosphorus acids under mild conditions with the formation of 3-phosphoranediylamino-1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones, which are readily hydrolyzed with the elimination of alcohol (thiol) to 3-phosphoranylamino-1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones. The phosphine imide compounds obtained from the aryl alkyl phosphites are hydrolyzed with the elimination of phenols. 3-Phosphoranediylamino-1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones react readily with alkyl and acyl halides with the formation of 3-(N-alkylphosphoryl-amino)- and 3-(N-acylphosphorylamino)-1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones, respectively.

1986-04-20

105

RF conditioned dc discharges for excitation of rare gas halide lasers. Final report

3-Azido-#beta#-lactams react with the derivatives of trivalent phosphorus acids under mild conditions with the formation of 3-phosphoranediylamino-1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones, which are readily hydrolyzed with the elimination of alcohol (thiol) to 3-phosphoranylamino-1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones. The phosphine imide compounds obtained from the aryl alkyl phosphites are hydrolyzed with the elimination of phenols. 3-Phosphoranediylamino-1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones react readily with alkyl and acyl halides with the formation of 3-(N-alkylphosphoryl-amino)- and 3-(N-acylphosphorylamino)-1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones, respectively.

106

Properties of the passive films formed on ferritic stainless steels in Cl/sup -/ Solutions

Results of experiments performed utilizing high-power microwave sources for laser-discharge switching and preionization are reported. These results are not definitive, but are promising. Significant preionization using microwaves is possible. Some ability to switch the discharge and operate a laser have been demonstrated. More work needs to be performed to perfect the microwave coupling to the laser mixture. In particular, experiments with the microwaves better concentrated between the electrodes should be performed. The best way to accomplish this appears to be using the side-feed geometry; however, a large expansion of the microwaves should occur (to well below the power able to break down the window), and then a cylindrical lens should be used to focus the microwaves between the electrodes. 2 references.

1983-01-01

107

Pitting corrosion of stainless steels; Lochkorrosion an nichtrostenden Staehlen

The pitting resistance of Fe-Cr and Fe-Cr-Mo alloys has been correlated with characteristics of the passive films analyzed by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Increased film protectiveness as a result of increased Cr in the alloy can be directly attributed to Cr enrichment of the film and decreased film thickness. Increased Mo in the alloy or passivation at noble potentials promotes passive film resistance to breakdown, but neither does much to change the macrocharacteristics of the film. Rather, it is suggested that the roles of alloying and/or passivation conditions are related to the susceptibility and distribution of weak points of the film. In solutions in which pitting occurs, chloride is generally not incorporated into the film, suggesting that the role of halides is to interact with weak points of the film at the solution/film interface. At 260/sup 0/C, the films are much thicker and likely to be much more defective in structure than those formed at ...

1986-10-01

108

Mechanism of conjugated oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in presence of halide ions

Stainless steels can get pitting corrosion in halide containing solution, which make them a big risk in industrial production. Many investigations were made in the past in order to understand processes involved in pitting corrosion, pit initiation and pit growth. Results about the influence of alloying elements, their contents, the state of the structure, the condition of the surface, the content of chloride, the temperature, the pH-value, the velocity of flow and of the oxidizer on the chloride induced pitting corrosion of passive stainless steels are presented. Electrochemical measurements and the application of surface analytical methods (SEM, SAM, XPS) with high lateral resolution are carried out. A part of the samples received a diffusion annealing in order to obtain reproducible results. Pitting Resistance Equivalents (PRE) - Pitting Index - with different multipliers are given and discussed critical. An electrochemical method for selecting materials without ...

1996-01-01

109

Cost effectiveness analysis of proposed effluent limitations guidelines for the pulp, paper, and paperboard industry

The change in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the course of its decomposition was shown, catalyzed by 0.02 M PbI/sub 2/, 0.03 M CuI, 0.02 M KI, 0.02 M FeSo/sub 4/, 6 M HCl, and 1 M HCL + 2 M H/sub 2/SO/sub 4/ at 25 C. It was suggested that in the process of the catalytic decomposition at the initial stage of the reaction, the formation of an intermediate active species containing positively charged halogen occurs; depending on the oxidative power of the counterion, the relative proportions of the hydrogen peroxide decomposing under the action of either the cation or the anion varied.

1988-01-10

110

The cost-effectiveness (CE) analysis presents an evaluation of the technical efficiency of pollutant control options for the proposed effluent limitations guidelines. The proposed BAT and PSES apply to six subcategories: Dissolving Kraft; Dissolving Sulfite; Bleached Papergrade Kraft; Papergrade Sulfite; Unbleached Kraft; and Semichemical. The document compares the total annualized cost incurred for each of the regulatory options within each subcategory to the corresponding effectiveness of that option in reducing the discharge of pollutants. Section Two discusses the cost-effectiveness methodology and identifies the pollutants included in the analysis and their toxic weighting factors. Section Three describes the options evaluated for each subcategory. Section Four presents the results of the CE analysis. Section Five presents a separate analysis of AOX (adsorbable organic halides).

1993-11-01

111

Chemistry of strontium

Synthesis, Chemical Characterization and Catalytic Activity of Transition Metal Complexes Having Imine Based Nitrogen Donor Ligand

This paper describes stable strontium as composed of four stable isotopes ( Sr 88, Sr 87, Sr 86, and Sr 84), of which Sr 88 contributes more than 82% to its composition. Strontium exists in three crystalline, plymorphic forms; face-centered cubic alpha form, hexagonal beta form and body-centered cubic gamma form. Strontium occupies in many physicochemical aspects an intermediate position between calcium and barium, as does the solubility of strontium salts. As a result of its oxidation potential, strontium readily forms oxides, halides, and sulfide. The author proposes that the slight discrimination against strontium incorporation into bony tissues may be due to the difference in ionic potential (14%) between strontium and calcium. Ionic potential is an indicator of the strength of ionic bonds: strontium has a smaller ratio of ionic charge to ionic radius when compared with calcium.

112

Reducing Losses of Nitrogen from Duff Consumption by Prescribed Fire in Douglas-Fir/Western Hemlock Clearcuts : Final Report.

Full Text Available

2010-02-01

113

Orbital storage and supply of subcritical liquid nitrogen

The purpose of this study was to determine if nitrogen loss from prescribed fire can be mitigated by reducing the amount of large fuel on a clearcut prior to burning. We examine the relations between nitrogen loss and duff consumption by prescribed fire with respect to the amount of woody biomass on the unit and the moisture content of that biomass before burn. Equations are presented to predict duff consumption from preburn conditions. Sources of variability of nitrogen concentration and content of duff within and between units are also evaluated.

1985-06-28

114

On the hydrogen etching mechanism in plasma nitriding of metals

Subcritical cryogenic fluid management has long been recognized as an enabling technology for key

1990-01-01

115

Nitrogen Removal Rate of A Subsurface Flow Treatment Wetland System Constructed on Floodplain During Its Initial Operating Stage

Iron alloys and aluminum were nitrogen implanted in a controlled oxygen atmosphere and the role of hydrogen on the surface etching mechanisms studied. The surface composition was analyzed by in situ photoemission electron spectroscopy (XPS). In iron alloys, hydrogen strongly etches oxygen, improving nitrogen retention on the surface. On the other hand, hydrogen removes nitrogen from aluminum surfaces, with a deleterious effect on the nitriding effectiveness. The oxygen removal in iron alloys is associated with the catalytic effect of electrons in d-orbitals and the nitrogen removal in aluminum is associated with a steric effect.

2006-12-15

116

Modeling Cavitation in Cryogenic Fluids: Validation for Liquid Nitrogen, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

Full Text Available

2003-12-01

117

Distribution Characteristic and Assessment of Soil Organic Matter, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soils of New born River Mouth Wetlands

This viewgraph presentation provides an overview of research designed to provide a numerical

2003-01-01

118

Full Text Available

2003-02-01

119

--No Title--

Regulatory circuit for responses of nitrogen catabolic gene expression to the GLN3 and DAL80 proteins and nitrogen catabolite repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Nitrogens, Sulfurs, Isotopes, and Hydrocarbons Gases Elements Ions and Inorganic Acids Organic Compounds Co-eluting Organics Hopanes, Cholestanes, and Sterols Pesticides,...

2011-08-19

120

Pulsed plasma processing of effluent pollutants and toxic chemicals

We demonstrate that expression of the UGA1, CAN1, GAP1, PUT1, PUT2, PUT4, and DAL4 genes is sensitive to nitrogen catabolite repression. The expression of all these genes, with the exception of UGA1...Full Text Available

1993-01-01

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121

Ozone hazards incurred in #gamma#-plant operation

The author is exploring the efficiency of pulsed plasma processing in the removal of nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and other pollutants. This process uses an electrical discharge to create chemical radicals from air molecules. These radicals can react with pollutants and form harmless compounds. Additives such as hydrocarbons are also used to improve the efficiency of the removal. The efficient removal of nitrogen dioxide has required the presence of dilute aqueous solution of ammonia.

1994-05-01

122

Nitrogen emission sources; Kaellor till kvaeveutslaepp. Underlagsrapport

The irradiation of air produces some toxic gases such as ozone, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen trioxide, nitrogen tetroxide, nitric anhydride and nitrous oxide. Of these gases, ozone is the most important because of its toxicity and may be produced in such quantities as to constitute a health hazard within the irradiation room. The toxicity, and explosive characteristics of ozone and quantitative aspects of ozone production are discussed and ventilation requirements considered. (U.K.).

123

A time-resolved optical study of the avalanche and streamer formation in atmospheric nitrogen

In this report is described the sources to nitrogen emission and how the emission have changed over time. The cost and effect of the proposals given by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency to cope with the emission of nitrogen to the sea is also treated. A separate chapter describes what we know today about phosphorus and eutrophication Basic document to report SNV--4735. 25 figs, 11 tabs

1997-06-01

124

RNA polymerase II trigger loop residues stabilize and position the incoming nucleotide triphosphate in transcription

This work deals with a time-resolved optical study of the avalanche and streamer formation phases leading to breakdown in atmospheric nitrogen. The authors present the results obtained for nitrogen, from experiments and two-dimensional model simulations. This model is used to obtain a better insight in the relevant mechanisms and processes by a comparison of measurements and simulation data. The trends of externally measured quantities correspond with those predicted by the model.

1996-12-31

125

PDP-1 Links the TGF-? and IIS Pathways to Regulate Longevity, Development, and Metabolism

A structurally conserved element, the trigger loop, has been suggested to play a key role in substrate selection and catalysis of RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcription elongation. Recently resolved...Full Text Available

2010-09-07

126

Genetic heterogeneity in human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type II.

The insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway is a conserved regulator of longevity, development, and metabolism. In Caenorhabditis elegans IIS involves activation of DAF-2 (insulin/IGF-1...Full Text Available

2011-04-01

127

Type II Quantum Computing With Superconductors.

DNA from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 17 different individuals infected with human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) was successfully amplified by the polymerase chain reaction...Full Text Available

1993-03-01

128

Synthesis and characterization of platinum(II) complexes containing tetracycline derivatives like ligands; Sintese e caracterizacao de complexos de platina(II) contendo derivados de tetraciclina como ligantes

The results of this research centered on the experimental studies of a single superconducting persistent current qubit, the implementation of type-II algorithms using these qubits, and the proposal for adiabatic quantum computing using these qubits. The m...

2004-01-01

129

Stress Tolerance of Photosystem II in Vivo

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

130

Radiation Damage Calculations for the FUBR and BEATRIX Irradiations of Lithium Compounds in EBR-II and FFTF

The in vivo photochemical activity of photosystem II was inferred from modulated chlorophyll fluorescence and photoacoustic measurements in intact leaves of several plant species (Lycopersicon...Full Text Available

1992-09-01

131

REDUCTION OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS WITH MOLECULAR HYDROGEN BY MICROCOCCUS LACTILYTICUS II.

Radiation Damage Calculations for the FUBR and BEATRIX Irradiations of Lithium Compunds in EBR-II and FFTF

1999-05-01

132

Quantitative Spectroscopy of Photospheric-Phase Type II SN

Woolfolk, C. A. (University of Washington, Seattle). Reduction of inorganic compounds with molecular hydrogen by Micrococcus lactilyticus. II. Stoichiometry with inorganic...Full Text Available

1962-10-01

133

LLNL Compliance Plan for TRUPACT-2 Authorized Methods for Payload Control

... and high-quality photospheric-phase Type II SN spectra to constrain core- collapse SN explosions, massive star evolution, and distances in the Universe ...

134

Gravity Gradiometer Survey and Real Time Techniques for ...

This document describes payload control at LLNL to ensure that all shipments of CH-TRU waste in the TRUPACT-II (Transuranic Package Transporter-II) meet the requirements of the TRUPACT-II SARP (safety report for packaging). This document also provides specific instructions for the selection of authorized payloads once individual payload containers are qualified for transport. The physical assembly of the qualified payload and operating procedures for the use of the TRUPACT-II, including loading and unloading operations, are described in HWM Procedure No. 204, based on the information in the TRUPACT-II SARP. The LLNL TRAMPAC, along with the TRUPACT-II operating procedures contained in HWM Procedure No. 204, meet the documentation needs for the use of the TRUPACT-II at LLNL. Table 14-1 provides a summary of the LLNL waste generation and ...

1995-03-01

135

Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) removal from contaminated water by biosorption using activated sludge biomass

... 4 II. INERTIAL NAVIGATION ERROR EQUATIONS ..... 5 ... 4- Page 20. Chapter II INERTIAL NAVIGATION ERROR EQUATIONS ...

1981-12-01

136

Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II in predicting hospital mortality of neurosurgical intensive care unit patients.

Biosorption using activated sludge biomass (ASB) as a potentially sustainable technology for the treatment of wastewater containing different metal ions (Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II)) was investigated. ASB metal uptake clearly competed with protons consumed by microbial biomass compared with control tests with non-activated sludge biomass. Biosorption tests confirmed maximum exchange between metal ions and protons at pH 2.0-4.5. It was revealed by the study that the amount of metal ions released from the biomass increased with biomass sludge concentration. The result showed that maximum absorption of metal ions was observed for Cd(II) at pH 3.5, Pb(II) at pH 4.0, and pH 4.5 for Zn(II) ions. The maximum absorption capacities of ASB for Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) were determined to be 59.3, 68.5 and 86.5%, ...

2010-02-15

137

Using of Itaipu hydroelectric power plant-Brazil-electric power surplus for ammonia synthesis in nitrogen fertilizers production; Utilizacao da energia junto a Usina Hidreletrica de Itaipu para a sintese de amonia para fertilizantes nitrogenados

Full Text Available

2009-06-01

138

Measurement of liquid nitrogen level by radiation

Secondary energy can be described as a surplus of electrical energy in a hydropower because the lower demand of energy in some period of the day and the excess of water in the reservoir during the rainy periods. This study proposes the using of the excess of energy at Itaipu Bi nacional for electrolytically hydrogen production and ammonia for nitrogenous fertilizers. Ammonia is a raw material for nitrogenous fertilizers synthesis and produced using hydrogen and nitrogen from the atmosphere. This paper determines the minimal cost of hydrogen production and the capacity of hydrogen production, with this data and according the ammonia market for nitrogenous fertilizers in the Centre/South region was estimated the better capacity of ammonia production for one plant near Itaipu. The process of ammonia production using energy excess is the most environmental acceptable. (author)

2000-07-01

139

Solid-state precursor routes to III-V type electronic (13-15) and magnetic (3-15) materials

The measurement of level in the liquid nitrogen vessel has been carried out by the weight conversion method using weigher or by putting directly a stick in the vessel. On a large CE tank, the pressure difference was read by manometer. These methods can not be used when the vessel does not put on the weigher or the pipe for manometer is stopped. We noticed the interaction between radiation ({gamma}-ray) and substance and applied it to determine the liquid nitrogen level. The results proved it the easy method for measurement of the level in the large CE tank. Cesium 137 ({gamma}-ray energy: 662 keV) was used as the radiation source. {gamma}-ray transmission dose was determined by GM survey meter. The liquid nitrogen level could be determined by using the change of the transmission dose with amount of liquid nitrogen. (S.Y.)

1995-07-01

140

XPS study of the passive films formed on nitrogen-implanted austenitic stainless steels

An interest in electronic materials has led me to investigate new synthetic approaches to III-V' type semiconducting (13-15, current IUPAC designation for B and N groups in the Periodic Table) and magnetic (3-15) compounds. It is now possible to prepare binary (GaAs and GdP) and ternary mixed-metal (Al[sub x]Ga[sub 1-x]As) and mixed-pnictide (GaP[sub x]As[sub 1-x]) compounds in seconds from rapid, low-temperature-initiated metathesis reactions between a metal (III) trihalide and a trisodium pnictide, exemplified by MX[sub 3] + Na[sub 3]Pn [yields] MPn + 3 NaX, where M is Al, Ga, In, (Al,Ga), or a lanthanide; X is F, Cl, or I; and Pn is P, As, Sb, or (P,As). The precursors are mixed together in a dry box and ignited by light grinding with a mortar and pestle, or by brief, local heating from a hot filament. These reactions are very exothermic (calculated [Delta]H[sub rxn] (GaAs) = 138 kcal/mol) and typically reach temperatures in excess of 700[degrees]C within seconds of ...

1992-01-01

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141

XPS study of the passive films formed on nitrogen-implanted austenitic stainless steels

Austenitic stainless steels (304-type) have been implanted with nitrogen ions in order to investigate the effects of implanted nitrogen on their electrochemical behaviour and on the nature of the passive film formed on the steels in acid (0.5M H{sub 2}SO{sub 4}). Alloys with two nitrogen doses have been prepared (2.5x10{sup 16} and 2x10{sup 17} N atoms/cm{sup 2}). The implanted alloys have been characterized by {sup 15}N-NRA (nuclear reaction analysis) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). Alloy surfaces with well-defined N concentrations were prepared, prior to the electrochemical measurements, by argon-ion sputtering of the implanted material for a fixed time in order to reach a well-defined point on the nitrogen depth profile. The samples were then transferred without exposure to air to an electrochemical cell mounted in an inert gas glove box. The implanted nitrogen ...

1992-05-01

142

The role of nitrogen fixation in intensive forestry in Canada. Part 1

Austenitic stainless steels (304-type) have been implanted with nitrogen ions in order to investigate the effects of implanted nitrogen on their electrochemical behaviour and on the nature of the passive film formed on the steels in acid (0.5M H_2SO_4). Alloys with two nitrogen doses have been prepared (2.5x10"1"6 and 2x10"1"7 N atoms/cm"2). The implanted alloys have been characterized by "1"5N-NRA (nuclear reaction analysis) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). Alloy surfaces with well-defined N concentrations were prepared, prior to the electrochemical measurements, by argon-ion sputtering of the implanted material for a fixed time in order to reach a well-defined point on the nitrogen depth profile. The samples were then transferred without exposure to air to an electrochemical cell mounted in an inert gas glove box. The implanted nitrogen modifies the electrochemical ...

1992-01-01

143

The impact of nitrogen co-implantation on boron ultra-shallow junction formation and underlying physical understanding

Intensification of forest management and harvesting will lead to increased pressures on relatively infertile forest soils with possible reductions in levels of nitrogen and organic matter. It will be necessary for foresters to manage the soils, along with trees, if they wish to maintain site productivity. Nitrogen fixation should be considered as a supplementary or alternative soil amendment method. Free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria appear to contribute minor amounts of combined nitrogen to forest soils, but it is possible that this contribution has been underestimated. The nitrogen-fixing symbioses of higher plants with bacteria contribute up to 300 kg year of nitrogen, more than sufficient to replace potential losses of nitrogen in intensive forestry. The nitrogen-fixing process, however, requires sufficient ...

1984-01-01

144

Impacts of nitrogen deposition on the forest carbon cycle: from ecosystem manipulations to national scale predictions

In this paper, we show that boron transient enhanced diffusion can be reduced to different extents by varying the distribution of nitrogen atoms in the junction. This is attributed to the relative location of nitrogen atoms with respect to boron profile and end-of-range defect band, affecting the interactions between dopants and defects upon annealing. In addition, variations in boron dopant activation and deactivation are also observed. Similar to fluorine co-implantation, it is proposed that nitrogen atoms react with vacancy point defects to form nitrogen-vacancy clusters that will trap the interstitials emitted from end-of-range defects. However, we report that the interstitial sink efficiency of nitrogen atoms is not as good as the co-implanted carbon atoms, which is noticed from the dopant deactivation curves. In terms of extended defect evolution, the results clearly indicate ...

2008-12-05

145

Ellipsometry studies on nitrogenated diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films produced by RF magnetron sputtering

ObjectivesThe overall objective of the proposal is to test the conclusions reached in a recent article by Magnani, Mencuccini et al (2007), in which we proposed for the first time that the Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) of forests of the temperate and boreal region does not depend on temperature or rainfall but, rather, on nitrogen deposition (Ndep) from the atmosphere. It is widely accepted that Ndep can increase forest C sequestration, however the results from our 2007 paper reported a sensitivity dC/ [continued...]DescriptionCombustion of fossil fuels and use of fertilisers in agriculture has increased the amount of nitrogen compounds present in the atmosphere and the biosphere. More atmospheric nitrogen is converted into reactive nitrogen by anthropogenic activities than by all natural processes combined. This phenomenal historical increase in nitrogen deposition is ...

2014-01-31

146

Effects of nitrogen on the passivity and the pitting corrosion of stainless steels; Stainless ko no fudotai to koshoku ni oyobosu chisso no eikyo

Nitrogen doped Diamond-like carbon thin films were deposited on n-Si and SiO_2 substrates by rf magnetron sputtering using pure graphite (99.999%) as the target material and mixtures of Ar, N_2 and H_2 for plasma generation. The dependence of structural and optical properties on nitrogen content was investigated using XPS, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and Ellipsometry studies. It was found that as the nitrogen content was increased in the plasma, sp"2 bonding favored. Also it was observed that oxygen contamination increased with nitrogen content. Typical C-H stretching modes connected with diamond-like carbon could be seen in FT-IR spectra. The I_D and I_G bands were well defined and it was observed that as nitrogen content increased I_G band was enhanced. Ellipsometry studies revealed that the optical constants like refractive index (n) and extinction co-efficient (k) ...

2003-03-01

147

The influence of copper(II) on radiation-induced damages to DNA

Described herein are effects of nitrogen dissolved in steel on passivity and pitting corrosion, as one of the major corrosion phenomena observed in stainless steel. Mechanisms involved in controlling pitting corrosion by nitrogen are also discussed. Nitrogen contained in austenic stainless steel is concentrated in the surface area, in particular in the vicinity of the interface between the passive film and metal matrix. Nitrogen tends to decrease critical current density in an acid, when it is added to steel of high critical current density (approximately 1mA/cm{sup 2} or higher). This phenomenon is considered to result from accumulation of nitrogen preferentially in the surface area to prevent dissolution of steel. Nitrogen dissolved in the austenic phase improves resistance of the steel to pitting corrosion. This phenomenon is considered to result from ...

1998-09-15

148

The Optimal Environmental Ranges for Wetland Plants: II. Scirpus tabernaemontani and Typha latifolia

Short communication. 5 refs., 2 figs.

1996-12-31

149

Tachyons and virtual fields for elementary particles in strong interaction. II

Full Text Available

2007-05-01

150

Study of Tumor Tissue Samples From Patients With Stage I, Stage II, or Stage III Malignant Melanoma

... momentum transfer propagator scattering scattering amplitudes strong

151

Start II, red ink, and Boris Yeltsin

Melanoma (Skin)

2011-07-20

152

Picture tour of Sasol II coal liquefaction plant

Apart from the vulnerability implied by the START II treaty, it will bear the burden of the general political opposition to the Yeltsin administration. START II will be seen as part of an overall Yeltsin-Andrei Kozyrev foreign policy that is under fire for selling out Russian national interests in Yugoslavia, the Persian Gulf, and elsewhere. This article discusses public opinion concerning START II, the cost of its implementation, and the general purpose of the treaty.

1993-04-01

153

Performance of CDF calorimeter simulation for Tevatron Run II

This is a collection of photographs of the plant which is now almost completed.

1980-03-01

154

PRESTO-PREP: a data preprocessor for the PRESTO-II code

The upgraded CDF II detector has collected first data during the initial operation of the Tevatron accelerator in Run II. The simulation of the CDF electromagnetic and hadronic central and upgraded plug (forward) calorimeter is based on the Gflash calorimeter parameterization package used within the GEANT based detector simulation of the Run II CDF detector. We present the results of tuning the central and plug calorimeter response to test beam data.

2002-09-19

155

Multinuclear Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Crystallographic Investigation of Some Mixed Ligand Alkylisocynaide Platinum(Ii) Complexes

PRESTO-II is a computer code developed to evaluate possible health effects from shallow land disposal of low level radioactive wastes. PRESTO-PREP is a data preprocessor that has been developed to expedite the formation of input data sets for PRESTO-II. PRESTO-PREP utilizes a library of nuclide and risk-specific data. Given an initial waste inventory, the code creates the radionuclide portion of the associated input data set for PRESTO-II. 2 references.

1984-07-01

156

Macroscopic High-Temperature Structural Analysis Model of Small-Scale PCHE Prototype (II)

No abstract prepared.

2005-08-01

157

Embedded computer systems for control applications in EBR-II

Full Text Available

2011-09-01

158

Dyeability and Functionality of Pine Needles Extract (Part II) -Dyeing Properties of Protein Fiber-

The purpose of this paper is to describe the embedded computer systems approach taken at Experimental Breeder Reactor II (EBR-II) for non-safety related systems. The hardware and software structures for typical embedded systems are presented The embedded systems development process is described. Three examples are given which illustrate typical embedded computer applications in EBR-II.

1993-01-01

159

Convergence Study of the Multigrid Navier-Stokes Simulation : II. Implicit Preconditioners

Full Text Available

2011-04-01

160

Bioelectrochemical Mn(II) Leaching from Manganese Ore by Lactococcus lactis SK071115.

Full Text Available

2004-08-01

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161

Back to the Future I and II: re-creationism, repetition, and perversity in the time travel romance.

Full Text Available

2011-02-01

162

Angiotensin-II-induced apoptosis requires regulation of nucleolin and Bcl-x_L by SHP-2 in primary lung endothelial cells

PMID:10226312

1998-12-01

163

Carbon-carbon bond formation in cationic aryl-olefin-platinum (II) complexes

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a key proapoptotic factor in fibrotic tissue diseases. However, the mechanism of Ang-II-induced cell death in endothelial cells has not been previously elucidated....Full Text Available

2010-05-15

164

Effect of primary air content on formation of nitrogen oxides during combustion of Ehkibastuz coal

Cationic five-coordinate [Pt(3-R{sup 1}-4-R{sup 2}-C{sub 6}H{sub 3})(MeCN) (6-Me-py-2-CH=NPh)(C{sub 2}H{sub 4})]{sup +} complexes (R{sup 1}, R{sup 2} = H, Me, OMe) undergo an unexpected rearrangement at 0{degrees}C in chloroform solution, affording, after treatment with aqueous LiCl, the neutral four-coordinate species [Pt(2-Et-4-R{sup 1}-5-R{sup 2}-C{sub 6}H{sub 2})Cl(6-Me-py-1-CH=NPh)]. Pt-C{sub aryl} bond breaking and making is involved in the whole process, resulting in a 1,2-shift of the platinum atom to an adjacent position of the benzene ring. The same compound is obtained, together with products deriving from a typical insertion, when an equimolar amount of ethylene is added to a chloroform solution of [Pt(3-R{sub 1}-4-R{sup 2}-C{sub 6}H{sub 3})(MeCN)(6-Me-py-2-CH=NPh)]{sup +} at 0{degrees}C. When higher ethylene/Pt ratios are used, only five-coordinate [Pt(3-R{sup 1}-4-R{sup 2}-C{sub 6}H{sub 3}CH{sub 2}CH{sub 2})Cl(6-Me-py-2-CH{double_bond}NPh)(C{sub 2}H{sub 4})] complex is ...

1992-11-01

165

Room-temperature phosphorescence of nitrogen heterocycles and aromatic amines

Investigations are discussed carried out in a pilot plant at the Kaz. Power Engineering Scientific Research Institute into the effect of the amount of primary air in coal-dust flame on the final concentration of nitrogen oxides in flue gases. The tests were carried out in a 7500 mm high, 1600 mm dia vertical cylindrical combustion chamber having type P-57 burner, and air dispersed fuel plus additional air supplies located at the top. Amounts of coal dust fed by a drum feeder along the air pipe varied from 100-600 kg/h. The required air was supplied by 5000 m/sup 3//h Type TK-700/5 blowers at 0.04 MPa. Ehkibastuz coal samples contained: 1.3% moisture; 48.1% ash; 38.02% carbon; 2.56% hydrogen; 0.73% sulfur; 0.60% nitrogen; heat of combustion was 14.3 MJ/kg. Results obtained indicate that variations in the amount of primary air in swirl flow burners affect formation of fuel nitrogen; there is an optimum volume at which minimum ...

1986-01-01

166

Oxy-ammoniation of Elbistan lignite to produce a nitrogenous fertilizer

Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) has generated considerable interest over the past several years. Several materials have been used to induce RTP from a variety of compounds. However, there is still a need to test additional materials and experimental conditions for RTP so the maximum sensitivity and selectivity can be obtained. In this work, three solid surfaces and several experimental conditions were tested for RTP of nitrogen heterocycles and aromatic amines. Nitrogen heterocycles and aromatic amines are an important class of compounds as shown by work in areas such as environmental research and coal liquefaction research. 18 references.

1982-01-01

167

Nitrogen oxides decreasing combustion method

Elbistan lignite has been found to contain 50.1 wt% (daf) humic acid. The i.r. spectrum of this lignite, however, indicates the absence of free carboxyl groups. Treatment with mineral acids, however, regenerates the carboxyl groups. A product containing 18.8 wt% N (daf) has been obtained by treatment of HNOat3 treated Elbistan lignite in aqueous ammonia for 4 h at 165 C and under oxygen pressure. Water-soluble and active nitrogen tests indicate that such products may have the properties of slow-release nitrogenous fertilizers. (33 refs.)

1980-11-01

168

Nitrogen oxides decreasing combustion method

A nitrogen oxides decreasing combustion method comprising: mixing a fuel and air with each other; bringing the mixture obtained into contact with a packed catalyst; and adding a fresh supply of the fuel to the stream obtained to form a mixed gas and causing the mixed gas to undergo non-catalytic thermal combustion, characterized in that only a catalytic reaction or combustion occurs at the packed catalyst; the temperature of the packed catalyst is kept lower than the ignition temperature of the mixture; the adiabatic flame temperature which is reached by the non-catalytic thermal combustion of the mixed gas is lower than the temperature at which the nitrogen oxides occur. 39 figs.

1988-10-19

169

New demands to satisfy for air quality monitoring organisms; De nouvelles demandes a satisfaire pour les organismes de surveillance de la qualite de l'air

This patent describes a nitrogen oxides decreasing combustion method which comprises: a first step of mixing a fuel and air with each other; a second step of bringing the mixture obtained in the first step into contact with a packed catalyst such that only catalytic combustion occurs; and a third step of adding a fresh supply of the fuel to a stream obtained from the second step to form a mixed gas and causing the mixed gas to undergo non-catalytic thermal combustion. The temperature of the packed catalyst is lower than the ignition temperature of the mixture and the adiabatic flame temperature of the mixed gas is lower than a temperature at which the nitrogen oxides occur.

1988-03-22

170

Metastability of Molecular Phases of Nitrogen: Implications to the Phase Diagram

The measurement of air pollutants is no more sufficient. It is necessary to assess the risk induced by air pollution, and then to put in place actions to reduce it. The air quality monitoring takes into account different pollutants: nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, particulates for the traffic; sulfur dioxide and particulates for use of fuel or coal or chemical transformations in air; ozone and nitrogen dioxide from hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides emissions; the use of simulation methods allow to calculate the concentrations levels for these pollutants taken as indicators. (N.C.)

2000-07-01

171

Chemical sensitivity of Mo gate Mos capacitors

Despite their simplicity, diatomic molecules of first row elements can exhibit very complex phase diagrams. Determination of the phase diagrams can be further complicated by the existence of hysteretic molecular phases that can be observed over large regions of coexistence. Here we present evidence for a previously unreported molecular phase of nitrogen existing at room temperature at least over the range of 33-74 GPa. Our measurements show that sample history may have a significant impact on the thermodynamic states accessed by the molecular nitrogen solid and, by extension, also on the established phase diagram.

2001-09-12

172

Thermal Performance of Low Layer Density Multilayer Insu1ation Using Liquid Nitrogen

Mo gate Mos capacitors exhibit a negative shift of their C-V characteristic by up to 240 mV, at 125 C, in response to 1000 ppm hydrogen, in controlled nitrogen atmospheres. The experimental methods for obtaining capacitance and conductance, as a function of polarisation voltage, as well as the relevant equivalent circuits are reviewed. The single-state interface state density, at the semiconductor-dielectric interface, decreases from 2.66 x 10"1"1 cm"-"2 e-v"-"1, in pure nitrogen, to 2.5 x 10"1"1 cm"-"2 e-v"-"1 in 1000 ppm hydrogen in nitrogen mixtures, at this temperature. (Author)

173

Subcellular localization of ammonium transporters in Dictyostelium discoideum

In order to support long duration cryogenic propellant storage, the Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM)

2011-01-01

174

Regulation of Glutamate Dehydrogenases in nit-2 and am Mutants of Neurospora crassa

BackgroundWith the exception of vertebrates, most organisms have plasma membrane associated ammonium transporters which primarily serve to import a source of nitrogen for nutritional...Full Text Available

175

Pulmonary Vasodilator Responses to Nitroprusside and Nitroglycerin in the Dog

The regulation of the glutamate dehydrogenases was investigated in wild-type Neurospora crassa and two classes of mutants altered in the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen, as either...Full Text Available

1979-03-01

176

Process for the recirculation of nitrogen oxides

The objective of this study was to determine the direct actions of nitroprusside and nitroglycerin on the pulmonary vascular bed in the intactchest dog. These widely used nitrogen oxide-containing vasodilator...Full Text Available

1981-03-01

177

Opposed jet diffusion flames of nitrogen-diluted hydrogen vs air - Axial LDA and CARS surveys; fuel/air rates at extinction

The invention is regeneration and recirculation of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a nitric acid plant without using any material current and heat energy other than that generated in the process of producing nitric acid. Nitrogen oxide is recovered by at least two adsorbers each containing an acid resistant zeolite molecular sieve and operating in an alternate heat cycle; adsorption occurring at 20-40 degrees C and regeneration at 300-350 degrees C. The hot gas exiting from the oxidation U used in the production of nitric acid is used to regenerate the adsorbers and the nitrogen oxides set free during the said regeneration are introduced into the main feed stream of the nitric acid plant. In the final stage of the regeneration the adsorbers are cooled by rinsing them with exhaust gas or air at a temperature of 20-40 degrees C.

1983-01-04

178

Liquid nitrogen temperature operation of a switching power converter

An experimental study of H-air counterflow diffusion flames (CFDFs) is reported. Coaxial tubular

1989-01-01

179

Influence of sputtering parameters and nitrogen on the microstructure of chromium nitride thin films deposited on steel substrate by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering

The performance of a 42/28 V, 175 W, 50 kHz pulse-width modulated buck dc/dc switching power

1995-01-01

180

Effects of timing of nitrogen and sulphur fertilizers on yield, nitrogen, and sulphur contents of Tef (Eragrostis?tef (Zucc.) Trotter)

Chromium nitride thin films were deposited on SA-304 stainless steel substrates by using direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering. The influence of process conditions such as nitrogen content in the fed gas, substrate temperature, and different sputtering gases on microstructural characteristics of the films was investigated. The films showed (200) preferred orientation at low nitrogen content (< 30%) in the fed gas. The formation of Cr_2N and CrN phases was observed when 30% and 40% N_2 were used, with a balance of Ar, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the morphology and surface topography of the thin films, respectively. Microhardness tests showed a maximum hardness of 16.95 GPa for the 30% nitrogen content.

2010-08-02

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181

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of tef, a major staple crop in Ethiopia, is very low, either caused by untimely use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers or lack of other essential nutrients like sulphur (S). The average grain yield of this crop is low, averaging ?1 in farmer?s fields of the semi-arid conditions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to see the effect of the timing of combined N and S fertilization on the yield, yield components, and N and S concentration in the plant parts of the crop. A factorial combination of three rates of N (0, 70, and 105?kg?ha?1) with four rates of S (0, 16, 32, and 48?kg?ha?1) was applied in randomized complete blocks in three replications. The experiment was carried out in the 2004 and 2005 cropping seasons in the Cambisols of the semi-arid area of Ethi...

2006-01-01

182

Effect of spacing and nitrogen fertilization on the establishment and biomass production of short rotation Poplar in Finland

Dependence of impurity binding energy on nitrogen and indium concentrations for shallow donors in a GaInNAs/GaAs quantum well under intense laser field

Short rotation trials using cuttings poplar (Populus x rasumowskyana) in Southern Finland investigated the establishment of poplar plantations and the effects of spacing and application of nitrogen fertilizer on biomass production over a period of 6 years. Thicker cuttings grew better whilst those of less than 1 cm diameter grew only moderately. Nitrogen fertilization improved height and diameter growth and above-ground dry mass yield. Woody biomass production was 4.2 dry tons/ha per year, at 300 kg/ha nitrogen. A spacing of 15 000 stems/ha gave the best yield after 4 years, but 5000 stems/ha was more productive spacing in the next 2 years. (author).

1989-01-01

183

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Within the framework of the effective-mass approximation, using a variational method, we have calculated the effect of intense laser radiation on the binding energy of the shallow-donor impurities in a Ga1- x In x N y As1- y /GaAs single quantum well for different nitrogen and indium mole concentrations. Our numerical results show that the binding energy strongly depends on the laser intensity and frequency (via the laser dressing parameter) and it also depends on the nitrogen and indium concentrations. Impurity binding energy under intense laser fields can be tuned by changing the nitrogen and indium mole fraction.

2011-01-01

184

Density measurements of coal samples by different probe gases and their interrelation

Crystal Chemistry of Ceramic/Mineral Systems

Density is useful in deducing the spatial structure of coals. In this paper, nitrogen has been used instead of the commonly employed helium, for the gas displacement pycnometer based density determination of a number of coals of Indian origin. The results show that the nitrogen-based densities are always higher than the helium-based ones. Also, empirical relationships between the helium-based and nitrogen-based coal densities have been developed by two modeling methods, namely, multi-variable regression and artificial neural networks. Although the two models have fared well, the neural network model exhibits a relatively better prediction accuracy and generalization performance than the regression model. This study thus demonstrates that nitrogen, which is cheaper and easily available, can be used gainfully as the probe gas for estimating the true density of coals. 23 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.

2007-07-15

185

ADDITION AND SUBSTITUTION PRODUCTS OF OXYGEN ...

... 1. Reeber, RR, Kusy, RP, Yu, N. and Chu, WK " Formation of a Solid Lubricant in Boron Carbide by Nitrogen Ion Implantation and Laser Annealing ...

1992-12-08

186

"Z1-36453'. - NASA Technical Reports Server

... 5.9-585/T; thermal stability; solubility in liquid nitrogen, oxygen and Freons; molar extinction coefficients in the visible range and EPR spectrum. ...

1965-01-05

187

Selective metabolic stimulation of the subfornical organ and pituitary neural lobe by peripheral angiotensin II

nitrogen, which has always been called a nerve gas. BIOCHEMICAL PROGRAM . 4. Some of the biochemical data for the Apollo 7 to 13 missions are ...

188

Role of minerals in carbonaceous adsorbents for removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution

The subfornical organ is a major receptor area for one of the principal stimuli of thirst, the octapeptide, angiotensin II. In conscious water-sated rats, the authors examined the effects of intravenous infusion of angiotensin II on the rate of glucose utilization in the subfornical organ and in structures anatomically and functionally connected with it. Angiotensin II produced pressor and drinking responses and increased glucose utilization selectively in the subfornical organ and pituitary neural lobe and in no other brain structure. Treatment with the angiotensin II antagonist, sar1-leu8-angiotensin II, before intravenous administration of angiotensin II prevented metabolic stimulation of the subfornical organ and neural lobe. Captopril, an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme, reduced subfornical organ glucose metabolism to a level similar to that ...

1985-01-01

189

Biosorption of cadmium(II), zinc(II) and lead(II) by Penicillium simplicissimum: Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics

Adsorptive removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution onto a non-activated charcoal (CC) of oak wood origin was studied in comparison with an activated carbon of coal origin. The adsorption capacity for Pb(II) of the non-activated charcoal increased significantly with deceasing particle diameter, whereas the activated carbon (AC) exhibited approximately constant capacity for Pb(II) adsorption as a function of particle size. Adsorption to the ashes prepared from the non-activated charcoal and the activated carbon was also investigated to examine the role of mineral ash. Although the ash from the activated carbon did not show any Pb(II) adsorption, the ash from the charcoal was very effective for Pb(II) adsorption. Furthermore, Pb(II) was hardly adsorbed when the ash was removed from the non-activated charcoal by acid treatment. Based on the results, the ...

2005-11-01

190

Thermoluminescence studies in cerium doped NaCl crystals

The isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II) biosorption by Penicillium simplicissimum were investigated in a batch system. The effects of pH, initial metal ions concentration, biomass dose, contact time, temperature and co-ions on the biosorption were studied. Adsorption data were well described by both the Redlich-Peterson and Langmuir model. Chemical ion-exchange was found to be an important process based on free energy value from Dubini-Radushkevich isotherm for all metal ions. The results of the kinetic studies of all metal ions at different temperature showed that the rate of adsorption followed the pseudo second-order kinetics well. The thermodynamics constants {delta}G{sup o}, {delta}H{sup o} and {delta}S{sup o} of the adsorption process showed that biosorption of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II) ions on Penicillium simplicissimum ...

2008-12-30

191

Methyl bromide and methyl chloride fluxes from temperate forest litter

Cerium is known to enter substitutionally in trivalent state when doped in alkali halides. Cerium doped NaCl crystals exhibit greatly enhanced thermoluminescence output upon X-irradiation at RT, the intensity of emission being about 10 times that in undoped crystals for similar dosage of irradiation. The cerium doped crystals give upon X-irradiation a very intense glow peak at 145degC with shoulders at 120degC and 210degC. Upon partially bleaching the crystal with F-light, the peak at 120degC becomes prominent probably due to faster bleaching of the glow at 145degC. From further optical bleaching studies, it is concluded that the glow peak at around 120degC is due to cerium centres in the irradiated crystal and the 145degC peak due to F centres. This F centre emission occurs at lower temperature, compared to that in the undoped crystals where it occurs at around 180degC. The spectral emission in the Ce doped crystals is in the blue-green region as compared to the ...

192

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Methyl halide fluxes were measured from fine (nonwoody) litter samples at a temperate deciduous forest site in Scotland on 16 occasions over more than a year and at a coniferous forest site. The resulting mean (+-1 sd) CH3Br and CH3Cl fluxes were 4.1 +- 3.7 ng kg-1 h-1 and 0.98 +- 0.62 mg kg-1 h-1, respectively, for dry mass leaf litter and 5.7 +- 6.3 ng kg-1 h-1 and 0.47 +- 0.14 mg kg-1 h-1 for dry mass needle litter. Temporal variations of net fluxes from leaf litter were significantly greater than spatial variations suggesting seasonality in the fluxes. The mean CH3Cl/CH3Br mass ratio of fluxes was 200 (to 1 sig. fig.), an order of magnitude larger than the ratio of their estimated global turnovers. Temperate forest litter may be a moderate net source of CH3Cl globally but a negligible ...

2011-01-01

193

Determination of the minor disinfection by-products formed in the water plant of Sant Joan Despi (Barcelona, Spain); Determinacion de los subproductos de desinfeccion minoritarios formados en la planta de Sant Joan Despi (Barcelona)

Comparative crystal field study of Ni{sup 2+} energy levels in NiCl{sub 2}, NiBr{sub 2}, and NiI{sub 2} crystals

Chlorine is widely used in drinking water disinfection due to be a powerful and not expense disinfection. Although the benefits of disinfection, the formation of stable disinfection by-products of the health concern, is the result of the interaction of aqueous chlorine with natural organic matter presents in water. Disinfection by-products generated in major concentration are trihalomethane and haloacetic acids. Disinfection by-products generated in minor concentration are haloacetonitriles, haloketones,chloral hydrate and chloropicrin and some new groups such as cyanogen halides and trihaloacetaldydes. In this work two analytical methods.: headspace/gas chromatography/electron capture detector and liquid-liquid microextraction/gas chromatography/electron capture detector are studied and compared to determine the minor by-products and to establish finally, a systematic control of them in the different stages of the Water Treatment Plant of San Joan Despi ...

1997-09-01

194

Comparative crystal field study of Ni"2"+ energy levels in NiCl_2, NiBr_2, and NiI_2 crystals

The exchange charge model of crystal field theory has been used to analyze systematically the ground state absorption spectra of octahedrally coordinated Ni{sup 2+} ion in isostructural nickel halide crystals NiCl{sub 2}, NiBr{sub 2}, and NiI{sub 2}. The parameters of the crystal field acting on the Ni{sup 2+} ion are calculated from the available crystal structure data. The obtained energy level schemes are compared with experimental absorption spectra; a good agreement with experimental data is demonstrated. Dependencies of the crystal field invariants and covalence effects on the type of ligands are considered. It is shown numerically that the overlap effects between Ni{sup 2+} ion and ligands increase with an increase of the ligands' atomic number resulting in the following order of the degree of covalence: NiI{sub 2}>NiBr{sub 2}>NiCl{sub 2}.

2006-01-15

195

BIMETALLIC LITHIUM BOROHYDRIDES TOWARD REVERSIBLE HYDROGEN STORAGE

The exchange charge model of crystal field theory has been used to analyze systematically the ground state absorption spectra of octahedrally coordinated Ni"2"+ ion in isostructural nickel halide crystals NiCl_2, NiBr_2, and NiI_2. The parameters of the crystal field acting on the Ni"2"+ ion are calculated from the available crystal structure data. The obtained energy level schemes are compared with experimental absorption spectra; a good agreement with experimental data is demonstrated. Dependencies of the crystal field invariants and covalence effects on the type of ligands are considered. It is shown numerically that the overlap effects between Ni"2"+ ion and ligands increase with an increase of the ligands' atomic number resulting in the following order of the degree of covalence: NiI_2>NiBr_2>NiCl_2.

2006-01-15

196

2008 Data Report: Groundwater Monitoring Program Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site

Borohydrides such as LiBH{sub 4} have been studied as candidates for hydrogen storage because of their high hydrogen contents (18.4 wt% for LiBH{sub 4}). Limited success has been made in reducing the dehydrogenation temperature by adding reactants such as metals, metal oxides and metal halides. However, full rehydrogenation has not been realized because of multi-step decomposition processes and the stable intermediate species produced. It is suggested that adding second cation in LiBH{sub 4} may reduce the binding energy of B-H. The second cation may also provide the pathway for full rehydrogenation. In this work, several bimetallic borohydrides were synthesized using wet chemistry, high pressure reactive ball milling and sintering processes. The investigation found that the thermodynamic stability was reduced, but the full rehydrogenation is still a challenge. Although our experiments show the partial reversibility of the bimetallic borohydrides, it was not ...

2010-10-21

197

2006 Data Report: Groundwater Monitoring Program Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site

This report is a compilation of the groundwater sampling results from the Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site (RWMS) including calendar year 2008 results. Each of the three Pilot Wells was sampled on March 11, 2008, and September 10, 2008. These wells were sampled for the following indicators of contamination: pH, specific conductance, total organic carbon, total organic halides, and tritium. Indicators of general water chemistry (cations and anions) were also monitored. Results from all samples collected in 2008 were within the limits established by agreement with the Nevada Division of Environmental Protection for each analyte. These data indicate that there has been no measurable impact to the uppermost aquifer from the Area 5 RWMS. There were no significant changes in measured groundwater parameters compared to previous years. Other information in the report includes an updated Cumulative Chronology for the Area 5 RWMS Groundwater Monitoring Program and ...

2009-01-13

198

The potential of non-toxic tannins to improve the utilisation of nitrogen compounds in grass silage by ruminants

This report is a compilation of the groundwater sampling results from the Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site (RWMS) for calendar year 2006. Pilot wells UE5PW-1, UE5PW-2, and UE5PW-3 were sampled in April and October 2006 for the following indicators of contamination: pH, specific conductance, total organic carbon, total organic halides, and tritium. Indicators of general water chemistry (cations and anions) were also monitored. Results from all samples collected in 2006 were within the limits established by agreement with the Nevada Division of Environmental Protection for each analyte. These data indicate that there has been no measurable impact to the uppermost aquifer from the Area 5 RWMS. There were no significant changes in measured groundwater parameters compared to previous years. Other information in the report includes an updated Cumulative Chronology for the Area 5 RWMS Groundwater Monitoring Program and a brief description of the site hydrogeology.

2007-02-01

199

The Conversion of Nitrite to Nitrogen Oxide(s) by the Constitutive NAD(P)H-Nitrate Reductase Enzyme from Soybean ¹

DescriptionInefficient utilisation of dietary nitrogen (N) by animals results in the excretion of N in varying forms, with adverse environmental consequences. Grass silage is a major component of the diet of ruminant livestock in the UK, but the protein in silage is very highly degraded as a result of the ensilage process. This results in poor capture of the silage N by rumen microbes leading to overall poor utilisation for the synthesis of milk or meat. As a result, significant quantities of dietary N are [continued...

2006-01-31

200

Optimising nutrient use efficiency in beef cattle grazing lowland semi-natural pastures

A two-step purification protocol was used in an attempt to separate the constitutive NAD(P)H-nitrate reductase [NAD(P)H-NR, pH 6.5; EC 1.6.6.2] activity from the nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide (NO_(x))...Full Text Available

1988-10-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

201

Nitrogen isotope identification by Bragg-curve spectroscopy

DescriptionThe switch from production-linked to environmental payments has focussed attention on the environmental impacts of farming. There is a growing awareness of the need to reduce the contamination of air with carbon dioxide, methane, ammonia and nitrogen gases (which contribute to the greenhouse effect) and to prevent the contamination of soil and water with excessive amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. As beef production moves to become more sustainable and fully integrated with the wide [continued...

2007-01-30

202

Nitrogen isotope identification by Bragg-curve spectroscopy

Projectilelike fragments following the 80 MeV /sup 16/O+/sup 27/Al reaction have been detected using a Bragg-curve spectroscopy ionization chamber (BCS-IC). The atomic number is deduced from the Bragg-peak amplitude. Nitrogen isotopes are clearly resolved using either range or energy loss data. This is the first application of the BCS method for complete ion identification in a heavy-ion-induced reaction.

1984-07-14

203

MOVPE of (AlGaIn)P under the carrier gas nitrogen for LED structures

Projectilelike fragments following the 80 MeV "1"6O+"2"7Al reaction have been detected using a Bragg-curve spectroscopy ionization chamber (BCS-IC). The atomic number is deduced from the Bragg-peak amplitude. Nitrogen isotopes are clearly resolved using either range or energy loss data. This is the first application of the BCS method for complete ion identification in a heavy-ion-induced reaction.

204

LIQUID NITROGEN CRYOSTAT TO FACILITATE ISOTHERMAL ANNEALING STUDIES ON METALS AFTER HEAVY-PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT

This thesis dealt with the metal-organic gas phase epitaxy with nitrogen as carrier gas. For this first by means of three-dimensional modelings of the epitaxy process the influence of the carrier gas on the processes was explained. The optimization of the growth parameter for the whole light-emitting-diode structure in double-hetero arrangement resulted that an a temperature of 770 C and a V/ III-ratio of 150 layers with a high crystal quality could be reached.

205

Improving the mechanical properties of steels using low energy, high temperature nitrogen ion implantation

A cryostat is described that was developed for irradiating a number of small metal specimens with a high beamcurrent of heavy particles at liquid nitrogen temperature. The specimens, which are mounted on a block, are taken out of the cryostat after irradiation and subsequently annealed in a temperature bath. The progress of annealing is followed by measuring the change in electrical resistivity of the specimens in liquid helium. (auth)

1964-01-01

206

Formation of streamers in nitrogen and dry air; Vorming van streamers in stikstof en lucht

The use of nitrogen ion implantation to increase the surface hardness of structural steels is well documented. Traditionally this involves the use of high energy nitrogen ion beams (approximately 100 keV), with a relatively low beam current density because high energy beams are necessary to produce the required penetration into the material to achieve a significant depth of hardened material. Hardening needs to occur in a region whose size is comparable with the scale of the deformation associated with the tribocontact. 100 keV nitrogen ions typically penetrate into steels only about 0.1 {mu}m and the range of possible tribological applications is thus restricted by this shallow treatment depth. In plasma nitriding processes the nitrogen ions approach the substrate with much lower energies but the ion currents are sufficiently high to cause considerable substrate heating. In this study an ion beam ...

1996-09-01

207

Continuous emission monitoring -- Data acquisition and handling system for management

The results of a time-resolved study of the avalanche and streamer formation phases leading to breakdown in atmospheric nitrogen and dry air. Results of experiments and two-dimensional simulations are presented. It is shown what processes are responsible for the formation of a streamer. The trends of externally measured quantities correspond with those predicted by our model. 3 figs., 5 refs.

1997-01-01

208

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental - Elsevier

This paper describes New York State Electric and Gas Corporation`s concept for a comprehensive, centrally located data system for management of their continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) data. The topics of the paper include the power system`s mix of generating units; data reporting requirements; data base management; nitrogen oxides compliance tracking; sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide and flow monitoring; and allowance tracking.

1995-09-01

209

An evaluation of the multiple-breath nitrogen washout as a pulmonary function test in dairy cattle.

...contributions from the following fields: Catalytic elimination of environmental pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur compounds, chlorinated and other organic compounds, ...contributions from the following fields: Catalytic elimination of environmental pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur compounds, chlorinated and other organic compounds, ...

210

Time-dependent, Bianchi II, rotating universe

Multiple-breath nitrogen washouts (MBNW) were performed with 21 adult dairy cows (seven normal cows tested on two days each, four clinically normal cows tested on six days, and ten cows with respiratory...Full Text Available

1989-04-01

211

Synthesis and characterization of new platinum(II) complexes containing oxalate and derivatives of ethylenediamine as ligands; Sintese e caracterizacao de novos complexos de platina (II) contendo oxalato e derivados da etilenodiamina como ligantes

An exact cosmological solution of Einstein's equations which has time-dependent rotation is presented. The t-constant sections are of Bianchi type II. The source of this geometry is a fluid which has not been thermalized. (Author).

2006-11-03

212

Site-specific modification of albumin by free radicals. Reaction with copper(II) and ascorbate.

No abstract prepared.

2006-07-01

213

Rome II Versus Rome III Classification of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Pediatric Chronic Abdominal Pain

Exposure of albumin to Cu(II) (10-100 microM) and ascorbate (0.1-2 mM) results in extensive molecular modifications, indicated by decreased fluorescence and chain breaks. The rate of utilization of...Full Text Available

1986-06-01

214

Presence of preactivated T cells in hemodialyzed patients: their possible role in altered immunity.

ObjectivesThe updated Rome III criteria for pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) include new FGID categories and changes to the Rome II criteria...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

215

Preparation, crystalline structure and spectroscopic characterization of two platinum (II) complexes with N-R-sulfonyl dithiocarbamate; Preparacao, estrutura cristalina e caracterizacao espectroscopica de dois complexos de platina (II) com N-R-sulfonilditiocarbimato

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and B-cell growth factors I and II (BCGF I and BCGF II) are lymphokines produced by T cells that play a major role in T- and B-cell cooperation. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from...Full Text Available

1986-10-01

216

Plasma Electric Potential Evolution at the Core and Edge of the TJ-II Stellarator and T-10 Tokamak

No abstract prepared.

2004-07-01

217

Partial Purification and Characterization of Aminopeptidase II from Chara australis

In this article are presented main results on electric potential investigations in stellarator/torsatron TJ-II and tokamak T-10 in a comparable regimes of device operation.

2006-01-01

218

New platinum(II) complexes with diamine ligands N-alkylate of long chain containing terminal hydroxyl group; Novos complexos de platina(II) com ligantes diaminados N-alquilados de cadeia longa contendo grupo hidroxila terminal

Aminopeptidase II, one of the two major aminopeptidases in the giant alga Chara australis, was partially purified. Its molecular weight was estimated to be about 80,000 by gel permeation...Full Text Available

1989-02-01

219

MultiRTA: A simple yet reliable method for predicting peptide binding affinities for multiple class II MHC allotypes

No abstract prepared.

2010-07-01

220

Interactions of metal cations with anionic groups on the cell Wall of the macroalga vaucheria sp.

BackgroundThe binding of peptide fragments of antigens to class II MHC is a crucial step in initiating a helper T cell immune response. The identification of such peptide epitopes...Full Text Available

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

221

Human Pol II promoter recognition based on primary sequences and free energy of dinucleotides

The aim of this article was to investigate the interactions of metal cations in aqueous solutions with the biomass of the freshwater macroalga Vaucheria sp. This problem is important when elaborating new applications of biosorption, e.g. the production of mineral feed additives for livestock from the biomass of algae enriched with microelement ions. Potentiometric titration was applied as a quick and cheap screening test to search for new efficient biosorbents. It revealed a variety of functional groups capable of cation exchange on the macroalgal surface, including carboxyl, phosphate, hydroxyl or amino groups. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on natural and chromium-loaded Vaucheria sp. confirmed that carboxyl groups played a dominant role in the biosorption. The study also showed that Ca(II), Na(I), K(I), and Mg(II) ions were released from the biomass after biosorption of Cu(II), Mn(II), ...

2010-06-15

222

Examination of the Rotazyme II enzyme immunoassay for the diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis.

BackgroundPromoter region plays an important role in determining where the transcription of a particular gene should be initiated. Computational prediction of eukaryotic Pol II promoter...Full Text Available

223

Equilibrium and thermodynamic parameters of single and binary mixture biosorption of lead (II) and copper (II) ions onto Pseudomonas putida: Effect of temperature

Rotazyme II, which is a shorter version of Rotazyme (less than 3 h), was compared with electron microscopy and Rotazyme for sensitivity and specificity on 229 human stool specimens. Compared with electron...Full Text Available

1985-09-01

224

Effects of Perfluorocarbons on surfactant exocytosis and membrane properties in isolated alveolar type II cells

The biosorption of lead (II) and copper (II) ions, single component and binary systems, by dried P. putida was investigated in a batch system. The effects of initial pH, temperature, initial single and binary mixture concentrations on the biosorption kinetics and equilibrium uptake of each component, both single and binary mixtures were investigated. The bacterial biomass exhibited the highest single and binary lead (II) and copper (II) ions uptake capacity at 25 and 30 deg. C, respectively, the initial pH value of 5.5 and at the initial metal ions concentration of 100 mg dm{sup -3}. The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were used for the mathematical description of the biosorption equilibrium and isotherm constants were evaluated at different temperatures. Adsorption data were well described by the Langmuir model, although they could be modeled by the Freundlich equation. The thermodynamics ...

2006-07-31

225

Conditional deletion of Abca3 in alveolar type II cells alters surfactant homeostasis in newborn and adult mice

BackgroundPerfluorocarbons (PFC) are used to improve gas exchange in diseased lungs. PFC have been shown to affect various cell types. Thus, effects on alveolar type II (ATII) cells...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

226

Complex Impedance Studies of Electrosprayed and Extruded ...

ATP-binding cassette A3 (ABCA3) is a lipid transport protein required for synthesis and storage of pulmonary surfactant in type II cells in the alveoli. Abca3 was conditionally deleted...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

227

Biphasic targeting and cleavage furrow ingression directed by the tail of a myosin II

... Page 66 List of Figures Figure II.A.1 Simple Fuel Cell Model Page 8 ... Carbon Electrodes Figure II.A.1 Simple Fuel Cell Model Page 11. 9 ...

2004-05-05

228

Anaerobic reactions of Rhus vernicifera laccase and its type-2 copper-depleted derivatives with hexacyanoferrate(II).

Cytokinesis in animal and fungal cells utilizes a contractile actomyosin ring (AMR). However, how myosin II is targeted to the division site and promotes AMR assembly, and how the AMR coordinates with...Full Text Available

2010-12-27

229

Albumin binding of photobilirubin II.

Anaerobic reactions of Rhus vernicifera laccase and its type-2 copper-depleted derivatives with hexacyanoferrate(II) were investigated by absorption and e.s.r. spectroscopy. When native laccase was...Full Text Available

1992-06-15

230

A Systematic Assessment of MHC Class II Peptide Binding Predictions and Evaluation of a Consensus Approach

Photobilirubin II, a stereoisomer of bilirubin, binds to human serum albumin at a single binding site (K = 2.2 x 10(6)M-1), presumably the high-affinity bilirubin-binding site. Binding in the secondary...Full Text Available

1983-07-01

231

1996 Hazardous Substances and New Organisms No. 30

The identification of MHC class II restricted peptide epitopes is an important goal in immunological research. A number of computational tools have been developed for this purpose, but there is a lack...Full Text Available

2008-04-01

232

Superplastic deformation of nitrogen-rich Ca-#alpha#-sialon ceramics

ii) Flammability: (iii) A capacity to oxidise: (iv) Corrosiveness: (v) Toxicity (including chronic ...an explosion or fire: (d) For substances with corrosive properties: (i) To reduce the ...likelihood of any unintended corrosion:(ii) To control the adverse effects of any corrosion:

233

Impact of elevated CO{sub 2} and nitrogen fertilization on foliar elemental composition in a short rotation poplar plantation

Nitrogen-rich Ca-#alpha#-sialon ceramics, prepared with CaH_2 as one of the starting powders, were compressively deformed in spark plasma sintering equipment. Compared with the oxygen-rich Ca-#alpha#-sialons, increasing onset deformation temperatures (about 150 K higher) were observed for nitrogen-rich Ca-#alpha#-sialons deformed at a rate of 2 x 10"-"3 s"-"1. High hardness (H_V_1_0 = 18-20 GPa) and toughness (K_I_C = 4-7 MPa m"1"/"2) were maintained after the deformation. Anisotropic grain growth was found to take place during deformation, resulting in anisotropic microstructures, containing coarse and elongated grains. The observed differences in deformation behaviour and properties between nitrogen-rich and oxygen-rich Ca-#alpha#-sialons are, as indicated by transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy analysis, attributed to the presence of reduced amounts of a ...

2008-02-25

234

Hydraulic system for driving control rods

The experiment was carried out on a short rotation coppice culture of poplars (POP-EUROFACE, Central Italy), growing in a free air carbon dioxide enriched atmosphere (FACE). The specific objective of this work was to study whether elevated CO{sub 2} and fertilization (two CO{sub 2} treatments, elevated CO{sub 2} and control, two N fertilization treatments, fertilized and unfertilized), as well as the interaction between treatments caused an unbalanced nutritional status of leaves in three poplar species (P. x euramericana, P. nigra and P. alba). Finally, we discuss the ecological implications of a possible change in foliar nutrients concentration. CO{sub 2} enrichment reduced foliar nitrogen and increased the concentration of magnesium; whereas nitrogen fertilization had opposite effects on leaf nitrogen and magnesium concentrations. Moreover, the interaction between elevated CO{sub 2} and N fertilization amplified some ...

2007-06-15

235

[Comparison of HbA(1c) Analyzers: D-10, Variant II Turbo, Cobas Integra 800, and Afinion AS100.

Purpose: To enable safety reactor shut down upon occurrence of an abnormal excess pressure in a hydraulic control unit. Constitution: The actuation pressure for a pressure switch that generates a scram signal is set lower than the release pressure set to a pressure release valve. Thus, if the pressure of nitrogen gas in a nitrogen container increases such as upon exposure of the hydraulic control unit to a high temperature, the pressure switch is actuated at first to generate the scram signal and a scram valve is opened to supply water at high pressure to control rod drives under the driving force of the nitrogen gas at high pressure to rapidly insert the control element into the reactor and shut down it. If the pressure of the nitrogen gas still increases after the scram, the pressure release valve is opened to release the nitrogen gas at high temperature to the atmosphere. Since ...

1980-11-07

236

To Repair or to Rebuild? Analyzing Personnel Security ...

Full Text Available

2010-08-01

237

Titanate nanotubes as superior adsorbents for removal of lead(II) ions from water

... Screening Adjudication Monitoring Applicants of Information Behavior II I Conducting Investigations ... Applicants of Information Behavior Conducting ...

1988-09-01

238

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Titanate nanotubes were hydrothermally synthesized and their adsorption performances for lead(II) ion removal were studied. The results showed that titanate nanotubes ruptured in the adsorption process resulting in two distinct adsorption stages, thus achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 3.752mmolg^-^1 of lead(II). Furthermore, it was found that the regeneration of titanate nanotubes loaded with the lead(II) ions can be readily achieved using the saturated EDTA disodium salt aqueous solution, thereby avoiding the trouble of disposal of adsorbent. The adsorption mechanism was also discussed in detail.

2010-01-01

239

The Value of Procalcitonin and the SAPS II and APACHE III Scores in the Differentiation of Infectious and Non-infectious Fever in the ICU: A Prospective, Cohort Study.

STUDY OF BRUCELLA POLYSACCHARID ANTIGENES. II. ...

Full Text Available

2010-11-01

240

Nanometer size determination of type II domains in CuPt-ordered GaInP2 with high-pressure magneto-luminescence.

... 1959). It was not possible for us, however, to detect any reaction of this type in the annials immunized with brucela. Considering ...

1965-04-26

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

241

JPRS Report, Nuclear Developments

No abstract prepared.

1999-12-31

242

Electroluminescence Study of Green Be-Contained II-VI ...

... II. Nuclear Purification Nuclear purity is achieved with the help of the treatment of commercial concentrates of uranium ("yellow cake"). ...

1988-06-03

243

Cyanide-bridged Trinuclear and Ethylenediamine-bridged One-dimensional Cobalt(III)-Manganese(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties

... laser structure. However, still the greater part (60%) of emitted photons is a result of a spontaneous radiation process. In ...

2000-06-23

244

COST EVALUATION AND COST ESTIMATING FOR ...

Full Text Available

245

COMBUSTIBLE AMMUNITION FOR SMALL ARMS. 1. ...

... Accession Number : AD0833945. Title : COST EVALUATION AND COST ESTIMATING FOR SHIPBOARD ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT. VOLUME II. ...

1967-04-01

246

Adsorption of ammonia and pyridine on copper(II)-doped magnesium-exchanged smectite clays studied by electron spin resonance

... Research on development of combustible cartridge cases for small arms was conducted in Germany during World War II. ...

1960-05-01

247

A type II arabinogalactan isolated from an infusion of Maytenus ilicifolia

The interaction between N-donor adsorbates such as ammonia and pyridine with Cu(II)-exchanged montmorillonite, beidellite, flourohectorite into smectite clays has been studied by electron spin resonance. Cu(II) cations exchanged into smectites coordinate five ammonia or pyridine molecules in beidellite, four ammonia of pyridine molecules in hydroxyhectorite. Thus, the Cu(II) cations bound to the interior surfaces of these smectite clays constitute strong Lewis acid sites. 26 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

1993-01-14

248

A Study on the H??S Removal with Utilization of Seashell Waste(II) - The Characteristics of Sulfided Reaction Using Fixed Bed Reactor-

English 2005 [1 p.] Brazil Cipriani, TR Mellinger, CG Sassaki, GL Gorin,

2005-07-02

249

MACHO observations of Type II cepheids and RV Tauri Stars in the LMC

Full Text Available

2003-09-01

250

Insulin-like growth factor II receptor is phosphorylated by a tyrosine kinase in adipocyte plasma membranes

We report the of the existence of RV Tauri stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). This class of variable star has hitherto been unidentified in the Magellanic Clouds. In light and color curve behavior the RV Tauri stars appear to be an extension of the Type II Cepheids to longer periods. A single period-luminosity-color relationship is seen to describe both the Type II Cepheids and the RV Tauri stars in the LMC.

1996-07-01

251

Fragrance mix II in the baseline series contributes significantly to detection of fragrance allergy

Incorporation of /sup 32/P from (gamma-32P)ATP into tyrosine residues of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II receptor was observed in a Triton X-100-insoluble fraction of rat adipocyte plasma membranes. IGF-II receptor phosphorylation proceeded to a stoichiometry of approximately 0.5 mol of phosphate/IGF-II binding site after 10 min of incubation at 4 degrees C. A Km for ATP of 6 microM was calculated for this phosphorylation reaction. Addition of IGF-II caused an approximately 2-fold increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of the IGF-II receptor in this preparation. In contrast, phosphorylation of angiotensin II by the Triton X-100 washed membranes was not stimulated by IGF-II. Incubation of purified receptor immobilized on IGF-II agarose or of receptor-enriched low density microsomal membranes with (gamma-32P)ATP did ...

1986-06-15

252

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Fragrance mix II (FM II) is a relatively new screening marker for fragrance contact allergy. It was introduced in the patch test baseline series in Denmark in 2005 and contains six different fragrance chemicals commonly present in cosmetic products and which are known allergens.

2010-01-01

253

Campylobacter jejuni Fatty Acid Synthase II: Structural and functional analysis of ?-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase (FabZ)

GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS CONTROL BY OXYGEN FIRING IN CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS

Fatty acid biosynthesis is crucial for all living cells. In contrast to higher organisms, bacteria use a type II fatty acid synthase (FAS II) composed of a series of individual proteins, making...Full Text Available

2009-03-06

254

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Properties of Anions of Bivalent Transition Metal [Co(II) and Ni(II)] Complexes With Acylhydrazine Derived ONO Donor Schiff Bases.

Given that fossil fuel fired power plants are among the largest and most concentrated producers of CO{sub 2} emissions, recovery and sequestration of CO{sub 2} from the flue gas of such plants has been identified as one of the primary means for reducing anthropogenic CO{sub 2} emissions. In this study, ALSTOM Power Inc. (ALSTOM) has investigated several coal fired power plant configurations designed to capture CO{sub 2} from effluent gas streams for use or sequestration. Burning fossil fuels in mixtures of oxygen and recirculated flue gas (made principally of CO{sub 2}) essentially eliminates the presence of atmospheric nitrogen in the flue gas. The resulting flue gas is comprised primarily of CO{sub 2}. Oxygen firing in utility scale Pulverized Coal (PC) fired boilers has been shown to be a more economical method for CO{sub 2} capture than amine scrubbing (Bozzuto, et al., 2001). Additionally, oxygen firing in Circulating Fluid Bed Boilers (CFB's) can be ...

2003-05-15

255

EPR and luminescence studies of Eu(II) magnetically diluted in LiCl-KCl salt

Some acylhydrazine derived ONO donor Schiff bases and their Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes have been prepared having the same metal ion (cation) but different anions. These synthesized metal(II) complexes have been characterized on the basis of their elemental analyses, magnetic moment, molar conductance, and IR and electronic spectral data. All of the Schiff base ligands function as tridentates and the deprotonated enolic form is preferred for coordination. In order to evaluate the effect of anions on the bactericidal activity, these synthesized complexes, in comparison to the uncomplexed Schiff bases have been screened against bacterial species., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the results are reported. PMID:18475936

2000-01-01

256

EPR and luminescence studies of Eu(II) magnetically diluted in LiCl-KCl salt

High-temperature LiCl-KCl molten salt medium provides an efficient way to produce the paramagnetic Eu(II) ion to be magnetically diluted into a diamagnetic host medium. Eu(II) was formed by a dissolution and an auto-reduction processes in a high-temperature LiCl-KCl eutectic melt at 723 K by using Eu{sub 2}O{sub 3} as a starting material. By using EPR and luminescence spectroscopic method, we studied the nature of the magnetically isolated paramagnetic Eu(II) ion diluted in a LiCl-KCl medium. With the aid of these spectroscopic tools, it was found that stable Eu(II) species was formed spontaneously at 723 K under anaerobic conditions. EPR and luminescence spectroscopy provided detailed information regarding the nature of the europium ion in a molten salt.

2007-12-15

257

EPR and luminescence studies of Eu(II) magnetically diluted in LiCl-KCl salt

High-temperature LiCl-KCl molten salt medium provides an efficient way to produce the paramagnetic Eu(II) ion to be magnetically diluted into a diamagnetic host medium. Eu(II) was formed by a dissolution and an auto-reduction processes in a high-temperature LiCl-KCl eutectic melt at 723 K by using Eu_2O_3 as a starting material. By using EPR and luminescence spectroscopic method, we studied the nature of the magnetically isolated paramagnetic Eu(II) ion diluted in a LiCl-KCl medium. With the aid of these spectroscopic tools, it was found that stable Eu(II) species was formed spontaneously at 723 K under anaerobic conditions. EPR and luminescence spectroscopy provided detailed information regarding the nature of the europium ion in a molten salt.

2007-12-01

258

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

High-temperature LiCl-KCl molten salt medium provides an efficient way to produce the paramagnetic Eu(II) ion to be magnetically diluted into a diamagnetic host medium. Eu(II) was formed by a dissolution and an auto-reduction processes in a high-temperature LiCl-KCl eutectic melt at 723K by using Eu2O3 as a starting material. By using EPR and luminescence spectroscopic method, we studied the nature of the magnetically isolated paramagnetic Eu(II) ion diluted in a LiCl-KCl medium. With the aid of these spectroscopic tools, it was found that stable Eu(II) species was formed spontaneously at 723K under anaerobic conditions. EPR and luminescence spectroscopy provided detailed information regarding the nature of the europium ion in a molten salt.

2007-01-01

259

Chromosomal localization and structure of the human type II IMP dehydrogenase gene

A comparison of thermal maturity parameters between freely extracted hydrocarbons (Bitumen I) and a second extract (Bitumen II) from within the kerogen matrix of Permian and Triassic sedimentary rocks

We determined the chromosomal localization and structure of the gene encoding human type II inosine 5{prime}-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH, EC 1.1.1.205), an enzyme associated with cellular proliferation, malignant transformation, and differentiation. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers specific for type II IMPDH, we screened a panel of human-Chinese hamster cell somatic hybrids and a separate deletion panel of chromosome 3 hybrids and localized the gene to 3p21.1{yields}p24.2. Two overlapping yeast artificial chromosome clones containing the full gene for type II IMPDH were isolated and a physical map of 117 kb of human genomic DNA in this region of chromosome 3 was constructed. The gene for type II IMPDH was localized and oriented on this map and found to span no more than 12.5 kb.

1994-05-01

260

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this study we compared various maturity dependent aromatic, steroid and triterpenoid hydrocarbon ratios in bitumens that are freely extractable from sedimentary rocks (Bitumen I) with those in second extracts that comprised hydrocarbons closely associated with the kerogen/mineral matrix (Bitumen II). Bitumen II was released through kerogen isolation and demineralisation using HCl and HF/H3BO3. The samples studied, although of similar age, come from different localities. They represent a range of facies and two kerogen types (II and III), and all were deposited under marine conditions. The results show that the more stable b isomers of methylnaphthalene (MN) and methylphenanthrene (MP) are relatively more abundant in Bitumen II. The difference between the methylnaphthalene ratio (MNR) of...

2010-01-01

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261

THE EFFECT OF INTERSTITIAL N ON GRAIN BOUNDARY COHESIVE STRENGTH IN Fe

Biosorption of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution by dried biomass of aspergillus niger: application of response surface methodology to the optimization of process parameters

Increased nitrogen levels have been correlated with decreased ductility and elevated ductile-to-brittle transition temperature in pressure vessel steels [1]. However, the exact role played by nitrogen in the embrittlement of steels remains unclear. Miller and Burke have reported atom probe ion microscopy findings from neutron-irradiated low-alloy pressure vessel steel showing the presence of a 1 to 2 ruonolayer thick film of Mo, N, and C at prior austenitic grain boundaries (GB's) [2], suggesting a role for nitrogen as an intergranular embrittler. It is of interest for the development of mitigation strategies whether nitrogen must combine with other impurities to form nitride precipitates in order to exert an embrittling effect. Briant et al [1] have associated the embrittling effect of N in steels exclusively with intergranular nitride formation. This association suggests that high ...

2003-09-22

262

Radiation reduction of dicarboxylatoimidazole platinum(II) complexes in the water-methanol system

In this study, the biosorption of Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) on Aspergillus niger in a batch system was investigated, and optimal condition determined by means of central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM). Biomass inactivated by heat and pretreated by alkali solution was used in the determination of optimal conditions. The effect of initial solution pH, biomass dose and initial ion concentration on the removal efficiency of metal ions by A. niger was optimized using a design of experiment (DOE) method. Experimental results indicated that the optimal conditions for biosorption were 5.22 g/L, 89.93 mg/L and 6.01 for biomass dose, initial ion concentration and solution pH, respectively. Enhancement of metal biosorption capacity of the dried biomass by pretreatment with sodium hydroxide was observed. Maximal removal efficiencies for Cd(II), Ni(III) and ...

2009-10-15

263

Utilisation of the binders prepared from coal tar pitch and phenolic resins for the production metallurgical quality briquettes from coke breeze and the study of their high temperature carbonization behaviour

The radiation reduction of bis(1-ethylimidazole)tartratoplatinum(II) (EITPt(II)) complexes in methanol-water solution have been examined. The yields of Pt(I) depend on the presence of O{sub 2} in solutions as well as the dose applied. The rate constants of e{sub s}{sup -} scavenging by EITPt(II) and cis(diammine-1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato) platinum(II) (CBDCAPt(II)) have been determined by pulse radiolysis to be equal to 5.4 x 10{sup 9} and 6.4 x 10{sup 9} M{sup -1} s{sup -1}, respectively. The efficiencies of e{sub t}{sup -} scavenging by EITPt(II) and the rate of e{sub t}{sup -} photobleaching have also been determined in LiCl : H{sub 2}O : CH{sub 3}OH and MgCl{sub 2} : H{sub 2}O : CH{sub 3}OH glasses, respectively. (author).

1997-10-01

264

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

To reduce the cost of the formed coke briquettes which can be used as a substitute fuel to the metallurgical coke for the blast furnace from the coke breeze alternative binders and their blends were used. The high temperature behavior was investigated. The binders tested were: the nitrogen blown, air blown coal tar pitch and the blend of air blown coal tar pitch with the phenolic resins blends. The phenolic resin blends were prepared by mixing equal amount of resole and novalac. From the results, nitrogen blowing resulted in the weakest briquettes. The air blowing procedure should be preferred in place of nitrogen blowing for this purpose. When the air blown coal tar pitch was used alone as a binder, the briquettes must be cured at 200^oC for 2h, then carbonized at a temperature above 670^...

2010-01-01

265

Studies on adjuvant parenteral nutrition during chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic measures in haematological disorders

Shallow groundwater nitrogen and denitrification in a newly afforested, subirrigated riparian buffer

In patients subjected to bone marrow transplantation the aggressive measures necessarily preceding this treatment lead to drastic metabolic changes which, in turn, are a cause of marked disturbances of homeostasis. The general preparatory measures in the form of cytoreduction by cytostatic drugs are broadened for leukaemic patients to include wholebody irradiation. During the study described here investigations were carried out into the resulting strain on the metabolism. One of the most essential changes observed in those patients was a nitrogen loss of up to approx. 20 g/day that occurred during the immunosuppressive phase. This was accompanied by markedly pronounced variations in fluid elimination, which partly were of an iatrogenic nature. An immediate and sufficient substitution of amino acids in connection with complete parenteral nutrition rapidly acted to compensate for the nitrogen losses, even though these could not be totally ...

266

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary 1. The EU -Nitrates Directive- (Directive 91/676/EEC) and the WFD (Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EEC) introduced a series of measures designed to reduce and prevent water pollution caused or induced by nitrates from agricultural sources. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to control the nitrate concentration in freshwater. The objective of this paper was to verify the potential capacity of a specifically designed afforested riparian zone in removing the excess of nitrogen from river water. 2. A buffer zone was set with irrigation ditches, to produce a subsurface water flow carrying water from the study river through the buffer strip to drainage ditches. This experimental system enables the co-occurrence of two main processes: vegetation/microbial nitrogen uptake and deni...

2011-01-01

267

Return of Ecosystem Function to Restored Bauxite Mines in Western Australia

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract A critical aspect of reestablishing a self-sustaining Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest ecosystem to bauxite-mined areas is to ensure that vital ecosystem functions such as litter decomposition and nutrient cycling are returned. Significant research has been undertaken over the past 20 years relating to litter decomposition and nutrient cycling. Studies have shown that litter accumulates rapidly in restored areas (1-4 ton ha-1 yr-1) and the accumulated litter tends to be richer in nitrogen due to intentionally elevated densities of nitrogen-fixing species. This leads to a lower (carbon:nitrogen) C:N ratio (60:1 compared to 130:1 in unmined forest) that may promote mineralization of organic N to inorganic forms in restored areas. The major nutrient store in the unmined forest is...

2007-01-01

268

Pulsed laser deposition of titanium-carbonitride thin films

Plasma nitriding of Fe-18Cr-9Ni in the range of 723-823 K

The goal of this research program is to determine whether pulsed laser deposition is an effective alternative method for growing TiCN thin films. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is chosen because of its well-documented capability for growing uniform, stoichiometric films in ultra-high vacuum or gaseous environments. Processing of thin films by PLD is also achieved at relatively low temperatures compared with CVD processing. Given these attributes, the primary objectives in this article are to determine whether nitrogen may be readily incorporated into films resulting from the laser-ablation of TiC in an N{sub 2} environment, determine what effect nitrogen has on mechanical properties, and determine whether nitrogen incorporation is strongly influenced by processes unrelated to laser deposition (e.g., thermally-activated surface reactions).

1997-05-15

269

Nitrogen fixation in peanut nodules during dark periods and detopped conditions with special reference to lipid bodies

To clarify the mechanism of plasma nitriding, the authors examined the optical microstructure, the hardness, the precipitation, and the concentration of dissolved nitrogen in Fe-18Cr-9Ni nitrided using plasma in the range of 723-823 K. Compared with ammonia-gas nitriding, the features of plasma nitriding are the formation of small chromium-nitride precipitates (CrN), the absence of an externally nitrided layer, the high concentration of dissolved nitrogen, and the high hardness (HV = 1,200). The diffusion coefficient of nitrogen in the present alloy was determined using the growth rate of the internally nitrided layer, based on calculations used in internal oxidation. Plasma- and gas-nitriding were also compared with respect to the growth rate of the nitrided layer.

1991-08-01

270

Nitrogen doping into titanium dioxide by the sol?gel method using nitric acid

The peanut plant (Arachis hypogaea L.), unlike other known legumes, can sustain nitrogen fixation when prolonged periods of darkness or detopping curtail the supply of photosynthate to the nodule. This ability to withstand photosynthate stress is attributed to the presence of lipid bodies in infected nodule cells. In both dark-treated and detopped plants, the lipid bodies show a gradual decrease in numbers, suggesting their utilization as a source of energy and carbon for nitrogen fixation. Lipolytic activity can be localized in the lipid bodies, and the existence of #beta#-oxidation pathway and glyoxylate cycle is shown by the release of "1"4CO_2 from "1"4C lineoleoyl coenzyme A by the nodule homogenate.

1991-01-01

271

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

N-doped TiO2 has been prepared by use of sol?gel systems containing titanium alkoxide, with nitric acid as the nitrogen source. The time needed for gelation of the systems was drastically reduced by ultrasonic irradiation. The peaks assigned to the nitrate and nitrous ions were observed by FT-IR measurement during the sol?gel reaction. The N-doping was confirmed by the observation of N?O peaks in the XPS spectrum of the sample heated at 400??C. The nitrate ion acted as an oxidizer of the ethanol solvent and titanium species. The TiO2 became doped with nitrogen oxide species as a result of reduction of nitrate ion incorporated into the dried gel samples. These results indicated that the added nitric acid was reduced during the sol?gel transition and heating process, and the resulting NO spe...

2011-01-01

272

Laser Raman microscopic studies of passive films formed on type 316LN stainless steels during pitting in chloride solution

Laser Raman microscopic studies of passive films formed on type 316LN stainless steels during pitting in chloride solution

The surface films formed on type 316LN stainless steels (SS) with different nitrogen contents, during potentiodynamic polarization in acidified 1 M NaCl solution, were characterized by Laser Raman Spectroscopy (LRS). LRS confirmed the presence of oxides and oxychlorides of iron and chromium, hydrated chlorides and nitrates in the film. Raman mapping showed increasing nitrate content in the film with increasing nitrogen content. The film on the uncorroded material showed the presence of chromium and molybdenum oxides. The improvement in pitting corrosion resistance of type 316LN SS with increasing nitrogen content was attributed to increased amount of nitrates in the passive film.

2010-06-15

273

Is cold better ? - exploring the feasibility of liquid-helium-cooled optics.

The surface films formed on type 316LN stainless steels (SS) with different nitrogen contents, during potentiodynamic polarization in acidified 1 M NaCl solution, were characterized by Laser Raman Spectroscopy (LRS). LRS confirmed the presence of oxides and oxychlorides of iron and chromium, hydrated chlorides and nitrates in the film. Raman mapping showed increasing nitrate content in the film with increasing nitrogen content. The film on the uncorroded material showed the presence of chromium and molybdenum oxides. The improvement in pitting corrosion resistance of type 316LN SS with increasing nitrogen content was attributed to increased amount of nitrates in the passive film.

2010-06-01

274

Is Gold Really Softer than Silver? HSAB Principle Revisited

Both simulations and recent experiments conducted at the Advanced Photon Source showed that the performance of liquid-nitrogen-cooled single-silicon crystal monochromators can degrade in a very rapid nonlinear fashion as the power and for power density is increased. As a further step towards improving the performance of silicon optics, we propose cooling with liquid helium, which dramatically improves the thermal properties of silicon beyond that of liquid nitrogen and brings the performance of single silicon-crystal-based synchrotrons radiation optics up to the ultimate limit. The benefits of liquid helium cooling as well as some of the associated technical challenges will be discussed, and results of thermal and structural finite elements simulations comparing the performance of silicon monochromators cooled with liquid nitrogen and helium will be given.

1999-09-30

275

In-vitro evaluation of corrosion resistance of nitrogen ion implanted titanium simulated body fluid

A detailed comparison of the softness of gold and silver has been reported in the light of hard soft acid base (HSAB) principle. Gold and silver nanoparticles in organic media (i.e., organosol) have been exploited individually to establish the principle. Sulfur and nitrogen were employed as soft and borderline donating atoms to examine the metal-ligand interactions. In this regard, thiols and amines have been considered as interacting ligands with sulfur and nitrogen donor atoms respectively. The stronger affinity of gold towards softer sulfur donor as compared to nitrogen and conversely a reasonable interaction of silver nanoparticles with both the atoms authenticate the softer nature of gold nanoparticle as compared to silver one.

2006-02-15

276

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on forest trees in relation to insect resistance and to red-listed insect species

Titanium and its alloy Ti6Al4V enjoy widespread use in various biomedical applications because of favourable local tissue response, higher corrosion resistance and fatigue strength than the stainless steels and cobalt-chromium alloy previously used. The study reported in this paper aims to optimize the conditions of nitrogen ion implantation on commercially pure titanium and to correlate the implantation parameters to the corrosion resistance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyse surface concentration and the implantation processes. An improvement in the electrochemical behaviour of the passive film was shown to occur with nitrogen ion implantation on titanium, in simulated body fluids. (UK).

277

Effect of application rates and media types on nitrogen and surfactant removal in trickling filters applied to the post-treatment of effluents from UASB reactors

Ecosystems worldwide are experiencing unprecedented nitrogen enrichment through fertilization and pollution. While longterm ecological consequences are difficult to predict, it seems that plants and animals adapted to nitrogen-limited environments are at particular risk from these changes. This report summarizes the limited body of literature which addresses this important topic. From a herbivoreAes perspective, fertilization increases the nutritional quality of host plant tissues. In some cases fertilization has lead to decreased production of defensive compounds. How this affects populations of insects is unclear because fertilization affects not only herbivores but their natural enemies. This report outlines how fertilization affects tree processes such as growth, photosynthesis, and production of defensive compounds. The many factors that affect insect repsonse to fertilization and the difficulties in assessing how fertilization affects ...

2001-10-01

278

Creation of nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond with high resolution

Tricking filters are a very promising alternative for the post treatment of effluents from UASB reactors treating domestic sewage,especially in developing countries. Although a fair amount of information is already available regarding organic mater removal in this combined system, very little is known in relation to nitrogen and surfactant removal in trickling filters post-UASB reactors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect evaluate and compare the effect of different application rates and packing media types on trickling filters applied to the post-treatment of effluents from UASB reactors, regarding the removal of ammonia nitrogen and surfactants. (Author)

279

Theoretical study on antitumor activity of palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes with isoxazole and its derivatives

Nowadays, diamond and the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) colour centres constitute the best solid-state system in view of quantum-computing applications. It has also been shown recently that single NV centres could be used as nanoscale magnetic sensors. Such applications require the creation of single NV centres with very high resolution and with a high efficiency. The nano-implanter at the university of Bochum provides low energy nitrogen ions which can be implanted through a hole pierced in the tip of an atomic force microscope. Ultrapure diamond samples have been implanted with spot sizes of 50nm and less. Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy has been used to characterise and resolve the implanted spots.

2010-03-21

280

Synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopic and photoluminescence studies of manganese(II), cobalt(II), cadmium(II), zinc(II) and copper(II) complexes with a pyrazole derived Schiff base ligand

The palladium(II) and platinum(II)complexes(where, (M(L){sub 2}X{sub 2}), M=Pd(II), Pt(II); L=isoxazole (isox), 3, 5-dimethylisoxazole(3, 5-diMeisox), 3-methyl, 5-phenylisoxazole(3-Me, 5-Ph-isox), and 4-amino-3, 5-di-methylisoxazole (4-ADI); X=Cl, Br) with isoxazole and its derivatives were investigated on antitumor activity by MM2 and EHMO calculation. Because for all the complexes the {sigma}MO energy level (E{sub {sigma}}{sub (M-X)} between d{sub x}{sup 2}{sub -y}{sup 2} orbital of central metal and p{sub x} orbital of halogen atom is less than {sigma}MO energy level E{sub {sigma}}{sub (M-N)} between d{sub x}{sup 2}{sub -y}{sup 2} orbital of central metal and p{sub x} orbital of N atom, without exception. And judging, from the lower E{sub {sigma}}{sub (M-X)} value in trans, the bonding strength was found to be weaker in trans isomer than in cis. For the Pd(II) and ...

1998-02-01

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281

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Varying coordination modes of the Schiff base ligand H"2L [5-methyl-1-H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (1-pyridin-2-yl-ethylidene)-hydrazide] towards different metal centers are reported with the syntheses and characterization of four mononuclear Mn(II), Co(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) complexes, [Mn(H"2L)(H"2O)"2](ClO"4)"2(MeOH) (1), [Co(H"2L)(NCS)"2] (2), [Cd(H"2L)(H"2O)"2](ClO"4)"2 (3) and [Zn(H"2L)(H"2O)"2](ClO"4)"2 (4), and a binuclear Cu(II) complex, [Cu"2(L)"2](ClO"4)"2 (5). In the complexes 1-4 the neutral ligand serves as a 3N,2O donor where the pyridine ring N, two azomethine N and two carbohydrazine oxygen atoms are coordinatively active, leaving the pyrazole-N atoms inactive. In the case of complex 5, each ligand molecule behaves as a 4N,O donor utilizing the pyridine N, one azomethine N...

2011-01-01

282

Biosorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution using green alga (Ulva lactuca) biomass

Uranium oxides. Specific surface measurement by nitrogen adsorption

The biosorption characteristics of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution using the green alga (Ulva lactuca) biomass were investigated as a function of pH, biomass dosage, contact time, and temperature. Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models were applied to describe the biosorption isotherm of the metal ions by U. lactuca biomass. Langmuir model fitted the equilibrium data better than the Freundlich isotherm. The monolayer biosorption capacity of U. lactuca biomass for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions was found to be 34.7 mg/g and 29.2 mg/g, respectively. From the D-R isotherm model, the mean free energy was calculated as 10.4 kJ/mol for Pb(II) biosorption and 9.6 kJ/mol for Cd(II) biosorption, indicating that the biosorption of both metal ions was taken place by chemisorption. The calculated thermodynamic parameters ({delta}G{sup o}, ...

2008-03-21

283

Updated general technical guidelines for the environmentally sound management of wastes consisting of, containing or contaminated with persistent org

Determination of the specific surface of uranium oxides: UO_2 and U_3O_8 using a simplified equation derived from the Brunauer, Emmett and Teller theory. The method is suitable for samples having a surface between 6 to 50 m"2.

284

Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) Budget, GPS coordinates for Tanana River Floodplain study plots

Emissions and residues: Emissions may include, inter alia, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and other oxides

285

Scientist Researches Way to Reduce Global Warming

Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T0 Tanana Floodplain soils Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in . ... ...

286

Role of sodium in the growth of a ruminal selenomonad.

For the last four years, scientists at the USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory have been searching for alternative soil and crop management practices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon and nitrogen sequestration. ¿If we can redu...

287

Radio-frequency plasma nitriding and nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

The ruminal selenomonad strain H18 grew rapidly (mu = 0.50 h-1) in a defined medium containing glucose, ammonia, purified amino acids, and sodium (95 mM); little if any ammonia was utilized as a nitrogen...Full Text Available

1991-06-01

288

Radio-frequency plasma nitriding and nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Nitrogen ion implantation improves the wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloys by forming a hard TiN superficial passivation layer. However, the thickness of the layer formed by traditional ion implantation is typically 100-200 nm and may not be adequate for many industrial applications. We propose to use radio-frequency (RF) plasma nitriding and nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) to increase the layer thickness. By using a newly designed inductively coupled RF plasma source and applying a series of negative high voltage pulses to the Ti-6Al-4V samples. RF plasma nitriding and nitrogen PIII can be achieved. Our process yields a substantially thicker modified layer exhibiting more superior wear resistance characteristics, as demonstrated by data from micro-hardness testing, pin-on-disc wear testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The performance of our newly ...

1997-09-01

289

Nutrient supply, growth and development of field vegetables

Nitrogen ion implantation improves the wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloys by forming a hard TiN superficial passivation layer. However, the thickness of the layer formed by traditional ion implantation is typically 100-200 nm and may not be adequate for many industrial applications. We propose to use radio-frequency (RF) plasma nitriding and nitrogen plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII) to increase the layer thickness. By using a newly designed inductively coupled RF plasma source and applying a series of negative high voltage pulses to the Ti-6Al-4V samples. RF plasma nitriding and nitrogen PIII can be achieved. Our process yields a substantially thicker modified layer exhibiting more superior wear resistance characteristics, as demonstrated by data from micro-hardness testing, pin-on-disc wear testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). The performance of our newly ...

1996-09-15

290

Nitrogen fixation in nitrate reductase-deficient mutants of cultured rhizobia.

DescriptionThe UK horticulture and agriculture industries rely on large inputs of mineral nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilisers to maintain product yield and quality. Recovery of applied fertilisers by field crops is inefficient (routinely

2007-01-31

291

Nitrogen Fixation, Nodule Development, and Vegetative Regrowth of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) following Harvest ¹

Forty-eight mutants unable to reduce nitrate were isolated from "cowpea" Rhizobium sp. strain 32Hl and examined for nitrogenase activity in culture. All but two of the mutants had nitrogenase activity...Full Text Available

1977-02-01

292

Nitrogen Cycling and Community Structure of Proteobacterial ?-Subgroup Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria within Polluted Marine Fish Farm Sediments

Nitrogenase-dependent acetylene reduction, nodule function, and nodule regrowth were studied during vegetative regrowth of harvested (detopped) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings...Full Text Available

1979-07-01

293

NasFED Proteins Mediate Assimilatory Nitrate and Nitrite Transport in Klebsiella oxytoca (pneumoniae) M5al

A multidisciplinary approach was used to study the effects of pollution from a marine fish farm on nitrification rates and on the community structure of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the underlying...Full Text Available

1999-01-01

294

Multilateral trading: lessons from the US

Klebsiella oxytoca can use nitrate and nitrite as sole nitrogen sources. The enzymes required for nitrate and nitrite assimilation are encoded by the nasFEDCBA operon....Full Text Available

1998-03-01

295

Morphological and metabolic responses to starvation by the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella alga BrY.

The European Union's proposed multinational market in carbon dioxide emissions faces many design challenges. Helpful lessons could be learnt from the US experience of trading nitrogen oxide allowances. 2 figs.

2002-02-01

296

Mechanism of cell death resulting from DNA interstrand cross-linking in mammalian cells

The response of the dissimilatory metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella alga BrY to carbon and nitrogen starvation was examined. Starvation resulted in a gradual decrease in the mean cell volume from...Full Text Available

1996-12-01

297

Long-lasting inhibition of presynaptic metabolism and neurotransmitter release by protein S-nitrosylation

DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) are critical cytotoxic lesions produced by cancer chemotherapeutic agents such as the nitrogen mustards and platinum drugs; however, the exact mechanism of ICL-induced...Full Text Available

2011-08-01

298

Large plasmids of fast-growing rhizobia: homology studies and location of structural nitrogen fixation (nif) genes.

Nitric oxide (NO) and related reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a major role in the pathophysiology of stroke and other neurodegenerative diseases. One of the poorly understood consequences...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

299

Isolation and characterization of quinoline-degrading bacteria from subsurface sediments.

A single large plasmid was isolated from multiplasmid-harboring strains Rhizobium leguminosarum 1001 and R. trifolii 5. These single plasmids, as well as the largest plasmid detectable in R. phaseoli...Full Text Available

1981-03-01

300

Influence of pore structure in coke on CO and NO formation during coke combustion

Two gram-negative, motile bacteria isolated from deep subsurface sediments mineralized the nitrogen-containing polyaromatic hydrocarbon quinoline under aerobic conditions and transformed quinoline to...Full Text Available

1989-04-01

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301

Industrial emissions cause extreme urban ozone diurnal variability

This paper describes the investigation into the influence of coke pore structure on the formation of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide during the combustion of coke. Two samples of coke were compared; pulverized coke and lump coke.

1981-01-01

302

Impact of diffuse nitrate pollution sources on groundwater quality--some examples from Czechoslovakia.

Simulations with a regional chemical transport model show that anthropogenic emissions of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides (NO_x = NO + NO₂) lead to a dramatic diurnal...Full Text Available

2004-04-27

303

In several regions of Czechoslovakia with intensive agricultural production, the correlation between the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied and the nitrate content in groundwater has been recognized....Full Text Available

1989-11-01

304

Global emission trends

Formation of N2 in the fixed-bed pyrolysis of low rank coals and the mechanisms; Koteisho netsubunkai ni okeru teitankatan kara no N2 no sisei

Emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides are continuing to fall in Europe but rise in Asia, according to calculations based on individual countries' predictions of economic development. The upward trend is slower than in previous predictions. 2 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs.

2005-06-01

305

Fermentation of peptides and amino acids by a monensin-sensitive ruminal Peptostreptococcus.

In order to establish coal NOx preventive measures, discussions were given on formation of N2 in the fixed-bed pyrolysis of low rank coals and the mechanisms thereof. Chinese ZN coal and German RB coal were used for the discussions. Both coals do not produce N2 at 600{degree}C, and the main product is volatile nitrogen. Conversion into N2 does not depend on heating rates, but increases linearly with increasing temperature, and reaches 65% to 70% at 1200{degree}C. In contrast, char nitrogen decreases linearly with the temperature. More specifically, these phenomena suggest that the char nitrogen or its precursor is the major supply source of N2. When mineral substances are removed by using hydrochloric acid, their catalytic action is lost, and conversion into N2 decreases remarkably. Iron existing in ion-exchanged condition in low-rank coal is reduced and finely diffused into metallic iron particles. The particles react with ...

1996-10-28

306

Effects of Soil Properties and Nitrogen Fertilization on Distribution of NO3-N in Soils of Eastern Poland

A monensin-sensitive ruminal peptostreptococcus was able to grow rapidly (growth rate of 0.5/h) on an enzymatic hydrolysate of casein, but less than 23% of the amino acid nitrogen was ever utilized....Full Text Available

1988-11-01

307

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effects of anthropogenic (nitrogen fertilization) and natural [soil texture, pH content of humus, ammonium nitrogen (N-NH4), and the available forms of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg)] factors on nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) content and distribution were shown. The dependencies between these factors and the content of NO3-N in soil were estimated in three soil layers: 0-30 cm; 31-60 cm; 61-90 cm. The research was carried out in 2004-2006, and the soil samples were taken from 411 places throughout eastern Poland in two seasons: spring and autumn. The concentration of NO3-N significantly depended on the year of investigation, season of the year, and depth of sampling. Distribution of NO3-N in the soil profile indicates possibility of NO3 leaching during winter and early spring....

2011-01-01

308

Effect of nutrition conditions and 2M-4Kh herbicide on utilization of N"1"5-labelled fertilizer nitrogen by fiber-flax

Effect of misonidazole pretreatment on nitrogen mustard-induced DNA cross-linking in mouse tissues in vivo.

Russian (1972). USSR Bagaev, VB Abueva, AA (no.188) p. 137-143.

309

ELECTRONIC COMPONENT COOLING ALTERNATIVES: COMPRESSED AIR AND LIQUID NITROGEN

In the present study we have used the alkaline elution technique to study the effect of misonidazole (MISO) on the initial amount of DNA cross-linking in various normal and neoplastic tissues of C3H...Full Text Available

1984-12-01

310

Drying characteristics and nitrogen loss of biogas digestate during drying process

The goal of this study was to evaluate topics used to troubleshoot circuit boards with known or suspected thermally intermittent components. Failure modes for thermally intermittent components are typically mechanical defects, such as cracks in solder paths or joints, or broken b...

311

Denitrification and Assimilatory Nitrate Reduction in Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum

The cost of transporting biogas digestate can be decreased by reducing its water content. However, the digestate emits volatile compounds during drying. This study investigated the drying behaviour and the change of digestate composition. Drying took place in a hybrid solar/waste-heat dryer that used solar energy as well as waste heat from a combined heat and power unit (CHP) and the exhaust air of a microturbine. The experiment involved the use of 60 t of liquid digestate. Climatic conditions were measured inside and outside the drying hall. Dry matter (DM) and organic dry matter (ODM) were also measured on a daily basis. In addition, the energy consumption of waste and solar heat were recorded and related to the quantity of dried feedstock. The total nitrogen, ammonium, phosphate, potassium oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide in the digestate were subjected to chemical analysis before and after the drying process. Losses of nitrogen were ...

2010-07-01

312

Conversion of char nitrogen to N2 under incomplete combustion conditions; Fukanzen nensho jokenka ni okeru char chuchisso no N2 eno tenka

Aquaspirillum magnetotacticum MS-1 grew microaerobically but not anaerobically with NO₃⁻ or NH₄⁺ as the sole nitrogen source. Nevertheless,...Full Text Available

1983-11-01

313

Community Structure of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria within Anoxic Marine Sediments

The effect of combustion conditions on conversion of char nitrogen to N2 was studied in the combustion experiment of char obtained by pyrolysis of coal. Char specimen was prepared by holding ZN coal of Chinese lignite in Ar atmosphere at 1123K for one hour. A batch scale quartz-made fluidized bed reactor was used for combustion experiment. After the specimen was fluidized in reaction gas, it was rapidly heated to start combustion reaction. CO, CO2 and N2 in produced gases were online measured by gas chromatography (GC). As the experimental result, under the incomplete combustion condition where a large amount of CO was produced by consuming almost all of O2, no NOx and N2O produced from char were found, and almost all of N-containing gas was N2. At the final stage of combustion, pyridinic-N disappeared completely, and pyrrolic-N decreased, while O-containing nitrogen complexes became a main component. It was thus suggested that O-containing ...

1996-10-28

314

Chemistry and morphology of coal liquefaction. Quarterly report, January 1, 1986-March 31, 1986. [1,2,3,4 tetrahydroquinoline, 2-propylaniline, quinoline cyclohexylamine and propylbenzene

The potential for oxidation of ammonia in anoxic marine sediments exists through anaerobic oxidation by Nitrosomonas-like organisms, utilizing nitrogen dioxide, coupling of nitrification,...Full Text Available

2003-03-01

315

Characterization of iron nitrides prepared by spark erosion, plasma nitriding, and plasma immersion ion implantation

Having recently discovered that polynuclear heteroaromatic nitrogen compounds can be selectively reduced only at the nitrogen containing ring, we have now turned our attention towards the cleavage of the carbon nitrogen bonds in this reduced ring. Highlights for this reporting period are: (1) Studies with the 50% nickel oxide catalyst clearly show that 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline(THQ) provides approximately 20% more liquid product that does quinoline. Thus a first step selective hydrogenation to 1,2,3,4-THQ would enhance the overall HDN reaction to provide a more substantial conversion to substituted benzene and aniline derivatives. (2) The dramatic effect of the nitrogen atom is to inhibit aromatic ring hydrogenation and, to some extent, carbon-carbon bond hydrogenolysis reactivity. This is shown with proplybenzene as the substrate, where only methane gas is produced in the HDN reaction with the 50% ...

1986-03-01

316

Characterization of iron nitrides prepared by spark erosion, plasma nitriding, and plasma immersion ion implantation

The effect of the nitrogen uptake in {alpha}-iron upon spark erosion in gaseous and liquid ammonia, plasma nitriding, and plasma immersion ion implantation is studied. The resulting phases and hyperfine parameters, measured by the Moessbauer spectroscopy, are discussed from the point of view of initial conditions of their preparation and subsequent heat and/or mechanical treatment. Spark erosion in the ammonia gas produces fine particles with the dominating ferromagnetic {alpha}-Fe phase (50%). The 20% of specimen volume form {alpha}'-Fe and {alpha}''-Fe{sub 16}N{sub 2} phases. The last 30% occupy the {gamma}'-Fe{sub 4}N, ferro- and paramagnetic {epsilon} phases, and {gamma}-Fe(N). Nitriding in the liquid ammonia allows to incorporate the higher content of nitrogen into {alpha}-iron particles which results in the formation of paramagnetic {epsilon}({zeta})-Fe{sub 2}N phase. This phase also dominates the ...

2001-09-01

317

Activation calculations using an expanded data base

The effect of the nitrogen uptake in #alpha#-iron upon spark erosion in gaseous and liquid ammonia, plasma nitriding, and plasma immersion ion implantation is studied. The resulting phases and hyperfine parameters, measured by the Moessbauer spectroscopy, are discussed from the point of view of initial conditions of their preparation and subsequent heat and/or mechanical treatment. Spark erosion in the ammonia gas produces fine particles with the dominating ferromagnetic #alpha#-Fe phase (50%). The 20% of specimen volume form #alpha#'-Fe and #alpha#''-Fe_1_6N_2 phases. The last 30% occupy the #gamma#'-Fe_4N, ferro- and paramagnetic #epsilon# phases, and #gamma#-Fe(N). Nitriding in the liquid ammonia allows to incorporate the higher content of nitrogen into #alpha#-iron particles which results in the formation of paramagnetic #epsilon#(#zeta#)-Fe_2N phase. This phase also dominates the surface of #alpha#-iron specimen implanted by ...

2001-09-01

318

Acetaldehyde Oxime, A Product Formed during the In Vivo Nitrate Reductase Assay of Soybean Leaves 1

Using an expanded nuclear data base, the activation of nitrogen, aluminum, iron, nickel, copper, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, and lead were calculated for the first wall positions of the STARFIRE and MARS conceptual fusion reactors.

1986-04-01

319

A simple method to systematically study oxidatively-modified proteins in biological samples and its applications

Evolution of nitrogen oxides (NO_(x), primarily as nitric oxide) from soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) leaves during purged in vivo nitrate reductase assays...Full Text Available

1984-09-01

320

40 CFR 52.515 - Original identification of plan section.

Increased oxidative stress with elevated levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of many disease states. Increased ROS/RNS can...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

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321

Use of activated charcoal for the purification of neon in the CLEAN experiment

...Amendments to Sections 8-2:704 (Use of Certain Fuel Oils Forbidden), 8-2:705 (Use of Certain Coal Forbidden...and Nitrogen Oxides. Section 801(Sulfur Content of Fuel Oils), subsection 801.1 Section 802(Sulfur...

2009-07-01

322

Positronium formation in liquid nitrogen as a function of electric field

Passage of neon gas through activated charcoal is planned to be the primary method of removing impurities from the liquid neon scintillator in the CLEAN experiment. In order to quantify this technique, the breakout curves for hydrogen, nitrogen, argon and krypton impurities in neon-saturated activated charcoal were measured. Adsorption coefficients and the number of theoretical stages were measured for hydrogen in the temperature range between 300 and 80 K, nitrogen between 300 and 200 K, and argon between 300 and 190 K. The adsorption coefficient for krypton was measured at 300 K.

2007-01-21

323

Plasma source ion implantation of ammonia into electroplated chromium

The intensity of the orthopositronium component and its lifetime have been measured in liquid nitrogen as a function of electric field. While the lifetime remains constant at about 12.5 ns, the fraction of positronium formed is about 20% at zero field and decreases monotonically to an asymptotic value near 6% as the field is raised to 3.2 MV m"-"1. The decrease is roughly exponential with a drop off rate of 2.0 MV m"-"1. The results are a further indication of the importance of Mogensen's spur mechanism in the positronium formation process. (author).

1993-07-01

324

Performance of capacitors under DC bias at liquid nitrogen temperature

Ammonia gas (NH{sub 3}) has been used as a nitrogen source for plasma source ion implantation processing of electroplated chromium. No evidence was found of increased hydrogen concentrations in the bulk material, implying that ammonia can be used without risking hydrogen embrittlement. The retained nitrogen dose of 2.1 {times} 10{sup 17} N-at/cm{sup 2} is sufficient to increase the surface hardness of electroplated Cr by 24% and decrease the wear rate by a factor of 4.

1995-02-01

325

Peculiarities of large-scale yttrium ceramics samples fabrication with required grain size for units of a motor operating at liquid nitrogen temperature

Several commercially available capacitors were evaluated at the liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K). Our primary interest was their performance under a bias voltage when used as DC link capacitors in cryogenic power electronics. In general, the performance of polymer capacitors and certain ceramic capacitors is almost independent of the temperature, DC bias, and frequency. On the other hand, ceramic capacitors based on high dielectric constant materials showed a strong dependence on the boundary conditions. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors showed a dramatic decrease of capacitance at 77 K, possibly due to the electrolyte being frozen and therefore losing its conductivity.

2005-06-01

326

Natural gas - to keep the air clean

Technologic regimes of cryomotor rotor fabrication are determined. Blanks of yttrium ceramics powder are molded hydrostatically at 400-600 MPa. To confirm the serviceability of electric machines of the considered, a hysteretic 10 W power electric motor with the following dimensions of HTSC-ceramics rotor: external diameter - 56 mm; internal diameter - 45 mm, height - 60 mm, is developed and tested in the liquid nitrogen medium. 8 refs.; 8 figs.; 1 tab.

1995-01-01

327

MOVPE of (AlGaIn)P under the carrier gas nitrogen for LED structures; MOVPE von (AlGaIn)P unter dem Traegergas Stickstoff fuer LED-Strukturen

The production of and emission factors for the air-polluting matters sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons (esp. benz(a)pyrene), aldehyde and soot with regard to natural gas, excluding process furnaces, are dealt with. The comparison with other fuels indicates that only as to nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide are emission factors equal in order of magnitude. As a summary measure of all air-polluting matters the emission index as proposed already in 1972 is applied. It shows emissions with single-room furnaces for heating oil EL to be six times as high as with natural gas; with black-coal briquettes the factor is at least 33, with wood chimneys about 200.

1983-02-01

328

Exact solution to NO/sub 2/ absorption

This thesis dealt with the metal-organic gas phase epitaxy with nitrogen as carrier gas. For this first by means of three-dimensional modelings of the epitaxy process the influence of the carrier gas on the processes was explained. The optimization of the growth parameter for the whole light-emitting-diode structure in double-hetero arrangement resulted that an a temperature of 770 C and a V/ III-ratio of 150 layers with a high crystal quality could be reached.

2001-10-01

329

Tropospheric nitrogen oxide measurements at Barrow, Alaska

This paper describes an exact solution to the problem of absorbing nitrogen dioxide into aqueous solution, in which case the nitrogen dioxide concentration is allowed to vary over a wide range. The authors have worked on the rate of calcium sulfate dihydrate scale formation on the reverse osmosis membrane and find this phenomena can be treated by the crystallization theory. The authors performed long-term experiments using calcium sulfate dihydrate solution with addition of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) and commercially available organophosphates and investigated the mechanism of the inhibitor's action quantitatively.

1984-04-01

330

The characteristics of surface oxidation and corrosion resistance of nitrogen implanted zircaloy-4

Nitrogen oxides play a critical role in the chemistry of the atmosphere and indirectly influence global warming through the production of ozone. At Barrow, Alaska, the NOAA long-term surface ozone record indicates an increase of about 2% per year during the summer months. Since NO_x (NO+NO_2) concentrations above about 30 ppt (parts per trillion) result in net ozone production in the presence of sunlight, the authors propose that the observed Barrow surface ozone increase is related to anthropogenic nitrogen oxide emissions. A high-sensitivity chemiluminescent instrument for measurements of nitrogen oxides has been built to test this hypothesis. Measurement campaigns have been conducted during summer 1988 and spring 1989, and are continuing during spring and summer 1990. Periods during which the NOV concentrations measured at the GMCC site were unaffected by local (Barrow) emissions were selected from the data record. ...

1991-12-01

331

Global changes and the air-sea exchange of chemicals

This work is concerned with the development and application of ion implantation techniques for improving the corrosion resistance of zircaloy-4. The corrosion resistance in nitrogen implanted zircaloy-4 under a 120 keV nitrogen ion beam at an ion dose of 3 x 10"1"7 cm"-"2 depends on the implantation temperature. The characteristics of surface oxidation and corrosion resistance were analyzed with the change of implantation temperature. It is shown that as implantation temperature rises from 100 to 724 C, the colour of specimen surface changes from its original colour to light yellow at 100 C, golden at 175 C, pink at 300 C, blue at 440 C and dark blue at 550 C. As the implantation temperature goes above 640 C, the colour of surface changes to light black, and the surface becomes a little rough. The corrosion resistance of zircaloy-4 implanted with nitrogen is sensitive to the implantation temperature. The pitting potential ...

332

Electrochemical and surface analytical studies of the interaction of nitrogen with key alloying elements in stainless steels

Present and potential future changes to the global environment have important implications for marine pollution and for the air-sea exchange of both anthropogenic and natural substances. This report addresses three issues related to the potential impact of global change on the air-sea exchange of chemicals: Global change and the air-sea transfer of the nutrients nitrogen and iron. Global change and the air-sea exchange of gases. Oceanic responses to radiative and oxidative changes in the atmosphere. The deposition of atmospheric anthropogenic nitrogen has probably increased biological productivity in coastal regions along many continental margins. Atmospheric deposition of new nitrogen may also have increased productivity somewhat in mid-ocean regions. The projected future increases of nitrogen oxide emissions from Asia, Africa and South America will provide significant increases in the rate of ...

1996-08-01

333

Electrochemical and surface analytical studies of the interaction of nitrogen with key alloying elements in stainless steels

Surface analytical studies of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels exposed to deaerated 0.1M HCl have revealed that nitrogen alloying additions influence the composition of salt layers and the passive film/alloy interface. In this study the authors employ electrochemical techniques and variable angle X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to examine the passive films formed on a series of austenitic stainless steels, Fe18Cr8Ni, Fe18Cr8Ni0.2N, Fe20Cr20Ni, Fe20Cr20Ni6Mo and Fe20Cr20Ni6Mo0.2N, in acidic chloride aqueous solution. In addition, several other model alloys, Fe19Cr, Fe19Cr9Ni, Fe19Cr2.5Mo, and Fe19Cr9Ni2.5Mo, were examined before and after electrochemical surface nitriding, a technique proven to have an effect analogous to N alloying. It was shown that nitrogen, nickel and molybdenum additions independently and in certain combinations stimulate selective dissolution of iron, resulting in a significant ...

1995-12-01

334

Interaction of cis-diamminediaquoplatinum(II) with adenosylcobalamin and alkylcobalamins

Surface analytical studies of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels exposed to deaerated 0.1M HCl have revealed that nitrogen alloying additions influence the composition of salt layers and the passive film/alloy interface. In this study the authors employ electrochemical techniques and variable angle X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to examine the passive films formed on a series of austenitic stainless steels, Fe18Cr8Ni, Fe18Cr8Ni0.2N, Fe20Cr20Ni, Fe20Cr20Ni6Mo and Fe20Cr20Ni6Mo0.2N, in acidic chloride aqueous solution. In addition, several other model alloys, Fe19Cr, Fe19Cr9Ni, Fe19Cr2.5Mo, and Fe19Cr9Ni2.5Mo, were examined before and after electrochemical surface nitriding, a technique proven to have an effect analogous to N alloying. It was shown that nitrogen, nickel and molybdenum additions independently and in certain combinations stimulate selective dissolution of iron, resulting in a significant ...

1995-03-26

335

Hybrid porous phosphate heterostructures as adsorbents of Hg(II) and Ni(II) from industrial sewage

The interaction of cis-diamminediaquoplatinum(II) nitrate with adenosylcobalamin and a series of alkylcobalamins was studied by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and by electronic spectroscopy. With these cobalamins cis-(Pt(NH/sub 3/)/sub 2/(OH/sub 2/)/sub 2/)/sup 2 +/ forms adducts in which N(3) of the 5,6-methylbenzimidazole moiety is co-ordinated to platinum(II) rather than to cobalt(III) of the corrin. The chemical shifts of the 5'-methylene carbon of adenosylcobalamin-platinum adduct and of the Co-methyl carbon of the methylcobalamin-platinum adduct are characteristic of these cobalamins in the base-off form. Furthermore, these cobalamin-platinum complexes have visible spectra identical to those of the cobalamins in acidic solution. The /sup 13/C NMR spectrum of the adenosylcobalamin-platinum complex suggests the presence of a second adduct in which platinum(II) complexes are co-ordinated to ...

1980-01-01

336

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Porous phosphate heterostructures (PPH), functionalized with different ratios of aminopropyl and mercaptopropyl groups, labelled as Nx=5,25,50-PPH and Sx=5,25,50-PPH, respectively, were tested as adsorbents for Ni(II) and Hg(II) found in industrial sewage from electroplating processes and button battery recycling. X-ray diffraction was used to study the structures. The specific surface area of the pristine material (PPH) was 620m^2g^-^1, whereas the specific surface areas of the modified mercaptopropyl (S5-PPH) and aminopropyl (N5-PPH) were 472 and 223m^2g^-^1, respectively. The adsorption data were fitted to a Langmuir isotherm model. The S5-PPH material was saturated by 120mmol Hg(II) per 100g of material, whereas for Ni(II) adsorption, N25-PPH material displayed the highest adsorption w...

2011-01-01

337

Comparative examinations of serum pepsinogen I, II and gastric area using computed radiography in the atrophic gastritis

Comparative examinations of serum pepsinogen I, II and gastric area using computed radiography in the atrophic gastritis

The relationship between serum PG I, PG II levels and extent of atrophic gastritis was examined. The subjects were 64 patients (male: 32, female: 32, 51.9 years old on average) with established diagnosis of either atrophic gastritis or normal. In the X-ray gastric examination, Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR) was used to obtain clear-cut images of the gastric area. Concerning the serum PG I level, patients in the group with atrophic gastritis showed lower levels than those of the people in the group with no atrophic change, but the variation was wide, and no definite tendency was seen in the relationship between the atrophic change and the serum PG I levels. Concerning the serum PG II level, as the atrophic change progresses, the serum PG II level tended to increase gradually. A significant reduction in the PG I/II ratio was seen in the group with atrophic changes (p<0.01) in comparison with the group ...

1995-11-01

338

Biosorption of cadmium(II) from aqueous solution by red algae (Ceramium virgatum): Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

The relationship between serum PG I, PG II levels and extent of atrophic gastritis was examined. The subjects were 64 patients (male: 32, female: 32, 51.9 years old on average) with established diagnosis of either atrophic gastritis or normal. In the X-ray gastric examination, Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR) was used to obtain clear-cut images of the gastric area. Concerning the serum PG I level, patients in the group with atrophic gastritis showed lower levels than those of the people in the group with no atrophic change, but the variation was wide, and no definite tendency was seen in the relationship between the atrophic change and the serum PG I levels. Concerning the serum PG II level, as the atrophic change progresses, the serum PG II level tended to increase gradually. A significant reduction in the PG I/II ratio was seen in the group with atrophic changes (p<0.01) in comparison with the group ...

1995-01-01

339

Apparent molar volumes and apparent molar heat capacities of aqueous nickel(II) nitrate, copper(II) nitrate, and zinc(II) nitrate at temperatures from (278.15 to 393.15) K at the pressure 0.35 MPa

The biosorption characteristics of Cd(II) ions using the red alga (Ceramium virgatum) were investigated. Experimental parameters affecting the biosorption process such as pH, contact time, biomass dosage and temperature were studied. Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models were applied to describe the biosorption isotherms. The biosorption capacity of C. virgatum biomass for Cd(II) ions was found to be 39.7 mg/g. From the D-R isotherm model, the mean free energy was calculated as 12.7 kJ/mol, indicating that the biosorption of Cd(II) the metal ions was taken place by chemisorption. The calculated thermodynamic parameters ({delta}G{sup o}, {delta}H{sup o} and {delta}S{sup o}) showed that the biosorption of Cd(II) ions onto C. virgatum was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic at 293-323 K. Evaluation of experimental data in terms of biosorption kinetics showed that the biosorption of ...

2008-09-15

340

Water chemistry in the water-vapor circuit at Angra II: evolution of the operational concepts and canceling of the condensed polishing system; Quimica da agua do circuito agua-vapor de Angra II: evolucao do conceito operacional e o cancelamento do sistema de polimento do condensado

Apparent molar volumes V{sub phi} and apparent molar heat capacities C{sub p,phi} were determined for aqueous solutions of nickel(II) nitrate, copper(II) nitrate, and zinc(II) nitrate at molalities m=(0.01 to 0.5) mol {center_dot} kg{sup -1}, and at the pressure p=0.35 MPa. Solution densities obtained using a vibrating-tube densimeter at T=(278.15 to 368.15) K were used to calculate V{sub phi} values. Heat capacity measurements obtained with a twin fixed-cell, differential-output, power-compensating, temperature-scanning calorimeter at T=(278.15 to 393.15) K were used to calculate values of C{sub p,phi}. Our results were then fitted to functions of m and T and compared to literature values.

2004-05-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

341

Performance testing of the Ford/GE Second Generation Single-Shaft Electric Propulsion (ETX-II) System

The chemical operational concept originally established for the water-steam circuit of Angra II nuclear power plant has undergone several modifications throughout the development of the project. This work discusses the two main modifications giving special attention to the costs involved and analyses the main points and the consequences of such modifications 1 ref., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

1995-12-31

342

#mu#C/OS-II the real-time kennel and its new progress

System-level-operational testing of the ETX-II test-bed electric vehicle is described and the results discussed. Because the traction battery is a major factor in the performance of an electric vehicle, previously reported work on the sodium-sulfur battery designed for use with the ETX-II is reviewed in detail. Chassis dynamometer performance of the test-bed vehicle met or exceeded design goals and compared reasonably well with SIMPLEV computer modeling results. Areas are identified wherein further work is needed to establish a firmer basis for comparison of the simulation and the observed results.

1993-06-01

343

iII1TEImETFlIES - NASA Technical Report Server (NTRS)

A lot of effort has been made to spread the application of RTOS in embedded system development in China. RTOS, #mu#C/OS and #mu#C/OS-II, with its opened source code, is well known in embedded systems. Learning RTOS, Using RTOS, becomes more and more popular. The Book of 'Micro C/OS-II The Real-Time Kennel Second Edition' was published in 2002. Here some new progress of the RTOS, especially the safety certifications, the reliability of software is introduced. (authors)

2003-09-08

344

The study of possibilities of selective recovery of palladium(II) from chloride and chloride-nitrate solutions by weakly basic anion exchangers

The various sources of inertial navigation error are discussed in Section 2.2. It is the nature of inertial navigation errors ...

345

The development of an integrated multistaged fluid bed retorting process. Technical report, October 1, 1992--December 31, 1992

... um. Water retention capacity is in the range from 40 to 46 %. Dowex

2009-06-14

346

Temperature measurements of the EK-10 type reactor fuel rods in EWA-4 core

The KENTORT II process includes integral fluidized bed zones for pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion of the oil shale. The purpose of this program is to design and test the KENTORT II process at the 50-lb/hr scale. Along with the major activity of assembling the components of the 50-lb/hr retort, work was also completed in other areas this quarter. Basic studies of the cracking and coking kinetics of model compounds in a fixed bed reactor were continued. Additionally, as part of the effort to investigate niche market applications for KENTORT II-derived products, a study of the synthesis of carbon fibers from the heavy fraction of KENTORT II shale oil was initiated.

1993-01-01

347

Stellar evolution. II - The evolution of a 3 sun-mass star from the main sequence through core helium burning.

... ked by ! I ; II III IV Table 4. Temperatute distributions along the fuel rod at a

348

State II Dissociation Element Formation Following Activator Excision in Maize

Three Sun-mass star evolution from main sequence to helium exhaustion in core, noting chronology of

1965-01-01

349

Selective determination of paracetamol and aspirin using electrocatalytic response on electrode modified by hexacyanoruthenate(II) ruthenium(III)

Active Activator (Ac) elements undergo mutations to become nonautonomous Dissociation (Ds) elements at a low frequency. To understand...Full Text Available

2007-10-01

350

Selected tables of atomic spectra - A: Atomic energy levels - Second edition; B: Multiplet tables - SI II, SI III, SI IV. Data derived from the analyses of optical spectra

... Moscow (Russian Federation) INIS-RU--495 385 p. INORGANIC, ORGANIC,

2006-06-25

351

Satellite Calibration Data. Annual Data Report - 1977

Not Available

1965-01-01

352

SAR of Cu (II) Thiosemicarbazone Complexes as Hypoxic Imaging Agents: MM3 Analysis and Prediction of Biologic Properties

... in Taylor and Williamson.* Most satellite sensors cannot be ... The coordinates of the rocket Ii ... I - Incoming Global Radiant Flux between 0.285 and ...

1979-08-01

353

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Copper(II) bis(thiosemicarbazone) are very useful for blood flow and hypoxic imaging. The aim of this study was to identify structure-activity relationships (SARs) within a series of analogues with different substitution patterns in the ligands, in order to design improved hypoxia imaging agents and elucidate hypoxia selectivity mechanisms. Genetic algorithms (GAs) were used to develop specific copper metal-ligand force field parameters for the MM3 force-field calculations. These new parameters produced results in good agreement with experiment and previously reported copper metal-ligand parameters. A successful quantitative SAR (QSAR) for predicting the several classes of Cu(II)-chelating ligands was built using a training set of 21 Cu(II) complexes. The QSAR exhibited a correlat...

2010-01-01

354

Role of Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) Flex Solo II Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scanner in Evaluating Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Patients With Breast Cancer

Relationship between the retinal thickness analyzer and the GDx VCC scanning laser polarimeter, Stratus OCT optical coherence tomograph, and Heidelberg retina tomograph II confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

Breast Cancer

2011-06-14

355

Recent results of plasma potential measurements in ECRH NBI plasmas in the TJ-II stellarator

Full Text Available

2008-03-01

356

Reasoning About Action II: The Quali cation Problem

... Nacional de Fusion, EURATOM-CIEMAT, Madrid (Spain) Krupnik, L. Chmyga,

2006-09-11

357

Qualitative cosmology: diagrammatic solutions for Bianchi Type IX universes with expansion, rotation, and shear. II. The general case

missionaries and cannibals puzzle. He noted that in order to be able to use a boat to cross a river one would need ... a quali cation that the vertical exhaust stack ...

358

Polymerization of norbornene and norbornadiene using Ru(II) complexes as acyclic amines

(Dec 1971). United States Ryan, MP Jr. v. 68(2) p. 541-555. cosmological

359

Perception/Action: An Holistic Approach II

Portuguese 2005 [1 p.] Brazil Matos, Jose Milton Elias de Lima-Neto, Benedito

360

... And those who study cognition select problems (eg, tower of Hanoi, missionaries and cannibals, logic theorems) with minimal perceptual and motor ...

1993-10-12

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

361

PPT - AstroGravS - NASA

Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (MRSEC)

Form as the end result of massive star evolution; Type II supernova: collapse of iron core in highly evolved massive star; outer regions blasted away in ...

362

Lead, copper and zinc biosorption from bicomponent systems modelled by empirical Freundlich isotherm

... centers in materials research. MRSECs address fundamental materials research topics of intellectual ... in materials research. II. PROGRAM DESCRIPTION MRSECs are supported by NSF to undertake materials ...

363

Kim IL Sung (North Korea), Another Saddam Hussein (Iraq)? ...

The biosorption of lead, copper and zinc ions on Rhizopus arrhizus has been studied for three single-component and two binary systems. The equilibrium data have been analysed using the Freundlich adsorption model. The characteristic parameters for the Freundlich adsorption model have been determined and the competition coefficients for the competitive biosorption of Pb(II)-Cu(II) at pH 4.0 and 5.0, and Pb(II)-Zn(II) at pH 5.0 have been calcualted. For the individual single-component isotherms, lead has the highest biosorption capacity followed by copper, then zinc. The capacity of lead in the two binary systems is always significantly greater than those of the other metal ions, in agreement with the single-component data. Only a partial selectivity for copper ions has been obtained at pH 4.0. (orig.)

2000-07-01

364

Inclusive w and z cross section measurements at the Fermilab Tevatron

... 10 Page 16. 1987, and (3) numerous infiltration excursions including attempted sabotage of the Wolsung nuclear plant in 1987. Kim Ii ...

1992-02-13

365

Heavy Metals in Vehicles II

The present recent measurements of the inclusive cross section of W and Z bosons from Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron collider.

2004-12-01

366

Heat Pipe Development for Advanced Energy Transport Concepts Phase II Final Report Covering the Period October 1, 1997, to September 30, 1998

Hexavalent chromium in corrosion preventive coating 64 ...To prevent corrosion of rims, weights can be provided with a coating. ...integrated clips brought up technical problems due to corrosion

367

Flue gas desulfurization pilot study: summary of phase I and phase II reports

No abstract prepared.

1999-02-01

368

FAQs for IIS Solicitation NSF-05551

The initial phase of this study consisted of a survey of existing FGD systems used on larger combustion processes in the NATO countries and Japan.

1980-04-01

369

Evaluation of Meal, Ready-to-Ear VIII at Market Square 2

... Science, Computer Vision, Digital Government, Digital Libraries, Digital Society and Technologies ... for Robust Intelligence, Digital Government, and Digital Libraries and Archives. In subsequent years ...

370

... Ready-to-Eat (MRE) VIII operational ration was evaluated at a field training exercise (Market Square II) with troops of the 82nd Airborne Division. ...

1988-09-01

371

E 1

Design, development, manufacture, and deliver new concepts for high energy rate forming system quarterly report no. ii

3l the c I coir is ometimes ca I led "re I I "I angie of the IPP; ii) the cone ( sometimes ca I led "I coir") angle of the {PP . ...

372

Deformation stability of {sup 240f,242f}Am in the TT. potential minimum; Stabilitaet der Deformation von {sup 240f,242f}Am im II. Potentialminimum

Magnetic coil pressure wave generation for magnetic forming

1965-01-01

373

Clinical Investigation Program, Reports Control Symbol MED ...

Short communication

1997-10-01

374

Balance with Unbounded Complexes

... POG Cook, BA A Case Control Study of Childhood 147 8552(85) Rhabdomyosarcoma (0) POG COOK, BA Phase II Study of 6-Mercaptopurine ...

1988-10-01

375

CERN Document Server

Given a double complex $X$ there are spectral sequences with the $E_2$ terms being either H$_I$ (H$_{II}(X))$ or H$_{II}($H$_I (X))$. But if $H_I(X)=H_{II}(X)=0$ both spectral sequences have all their terms 0. This can happen even though there is nonzero (co)homology of interest associated with $X$. This is frequently the case when dealing with Tate (co)homology. So in this situation the spectral sequences may not give any information about the (co)homology of interest. In this article we give a different way of constructing homology groups of $X$ when H$_I(X)=$H$_{II}(X)=0$. With this result we give a new and elementary proof of balance of Tate homology and cohomology.

2011-01-01

376

Assembly of acanthamoeba myosin-II minifilaments. Model of anti-parallel dimers based on EM and x-ray diffraction of 2D and 3D crystals

Annual Research Progress Report. Fiscal Year 1989. Volume ...

No abstract prepared.

2005-06-28

377

Annual Research Progress Report, Fiscal Year 1988. Volume ...

... Rhabdomyosarcoma. (0) 511 PO 8561 Phase II Study of 6- Mercaptopurine Administered as an Intra- 512 venous Infusion ...

1989-10-01

378

Adsorbent-adsorbate interactions in the adsorption of organic and?inorganic species on ozonized activated carbons: a?short?review

... Rhabdomyosarcoma. (0) 505 POG 8561 Phase II Study of 6- Mercaptopurine Administered as an Intra- 506 venous Infusion ...

1988-10-01

379

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This objective of this work was to summarize the main results obtained in previous papers related to the adsorbent-adsorbate interactions involved in the adsorption of naphthalenesulphonic acids and heavy metals (Cd(II) or Hg(II)) by modified activated carbons. The adsorption of organic compounds (1-naphthalenesulphonic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedisulphonic acid and 1,3,6-naphthalenetrisulphonic acid) and inorganic species (Cd(II) and Hg(II)) was studied on a series of ozonized activated carbon in aqueous phase. Commercial activated carbon (Filtrasorb 400) was treated with different ozone doses to study the effect of ozone treatment on its surface properties and investigate the behavior of the treated carbon samples in the above adsorption processes. After ozonation, carbonyl- and carboxyl-type...

2011-01-01

380

Formation and stabilization of anionic metal complexes in concentrated aqueous quaternary ammonium salt solutions

Development of Novel Polycrystalline Ceramic Scintillators

Anionic complexes of transition metals were stabilized in aqueous solutions containing high concentrations of various short-chain quaternary ammonium salts. Compounds with longer paraffin chains were effective in much less concentrated solution. Complex ions were detected spectrophotometrically. FeCl/sub 4//sup -/, which is usually formed in concentrated HCl, was the predominant Fe(III) complex in 30 m choline chloride containing only 0.12 M HCl. A yellow transitory Tc(VII) chloro-addition intermediate, formed in the reduction of TcO/sub 4//sup -/ by concentrated HCl, was stabilized when the solution also contained 25 m choline chloride. Its spectrum, as well as the isolation of an already known Tc(VII) bipyridyl complex, is reported. Concentrated organic electrolytes also stabilized Tc(V) oxide halides against disproportionation and Tc(IV) hexahalides against hydrolysis. Halochromates of Cr(VI) were formed and stabilized in dilute acid containing quaternary ...

1985-02-04

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

381

2003 Data Report: Groundwater Monitoring Program, Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site, Nevada Test Site

For several decades most of the efforts to develop new scintillator materials have concentrated on high-light-yield inorganic single-crystals while polycrystalline ceramic scintillators, since their inception in the early 1980 s, have received relatively little attention. Nevertheless, transparent ceramics offer a promising approach to the fabrication of relatively inexpensive scintillators via a simple mechanical compaction and annealing process that eliminates single-crystal growth. Until recently, commonly accepted concepts restricted the polycrystalline ceramic approach to materials exhibiting a cubic crystal structure. Here, we report our results on the development of two novel ceramic scintillators based on the non-cubic crystalline materials: Lu SiO:Ce (LSO:Ce) and LaBr:Ce. While no evidence for texturing has been found in their ceramic microstructures, our LSO:Ce ceramics exhibit a surprisingly high level of transparency/ translucency and very good scintillation ...

2008-06-01

382

Perovskite-type SrTi1-xNbx(O,N)3 compounds: Synthesis, crystal structure and optical properties

This report is a compilation of the calendar year 2003 groundwater sampling results from the Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site, Nevada Test Site. Wells Ue5PW-1, Ue5PW-2, and Ue5PW-3 were sampled semi-annually for the required analytes: pH, specific conductance, total organic carbon (TOC), total organic halides (TOX), tritium, and major cations/anions. Results from all samples collected in 2003 were within established criteria. These data indicate that there has been no measurable impact to the uppermost aquifer from the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulated unit within the Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Site and confirm that any previous detections of TOC and TOX were false positives. Contamination indicator data are presented in control chart and tabular form with investigation levels indicated. Gross water chemistry data are presented in graphical and tabular form. There were no major changes noted in the monitored groundwater ...

2004-02-01

383

The distribution of active RNA polymerase II along the transcribed region is gene-specific and controlled by elongation factors

The synthesis, crystal structure, thermal stability and absorbance spectra of perovskite-type oxynitrides with the general formula SrTi1-xNbx(O,N)3 (x=0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.50, 0.80, 0.90, 0.95) have been investigated. Oxide samples were prepared by a polymerized complex synthesis route and post-treated under ammonia at 850 oC for 24 h to substitute nitrogen for oxygen. Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) evidenced that the mixed oxide phases were all transformed into oxynitrides with perovskite-type structure during a thermal ammonolysis. SrTi1-xNbx(O,N)3 with compositions x?0.80 crystallized in a cubic and samples with x?0.90 in a tetragonal structure. The Rietveld refinement indicated a continuous enlargement of the lattice parameters towards higher niobium content of the samples. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and hotgas extraction revealed the dependence of the nitrogen incorporation upon the degree of niobium substitution. It ...

2011-04-01

384

Temporal patterns of protein phosphorylation after angiotensin II, A23187 and/or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in adrenal glomerulosa cells.

In order to study the intragenic profiles of active transcription, we determined the relative levels of active RNA polymerase II present at the 3′- and 5′-ends of 261 yeast genes by...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

385

Synthesis and characterization of new platinum(II) complexes with N-alkylated ligands of longer chain containing a hydroxyl group derivatives of 1,2-etano diamine;Sintese e caracterizacao de novos complexos de platina(II) com ligantes N-alquilados de cadeia longa contendo um grupo hidroxila derivados da 1,2-etanodiamina

The temporal patterns of protein phosphorylation in the adrenal glomerulosa cell were analysed by two-dimensional electrophoresis after stimulation with 10 nM-angiotensin II or various agents [10 nM-12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol...Full Text Available

1986-09-15

386

Structural Investigations of Silica Polyamine Composites: Surface Coverage, Metal Ion Coordination, and Ligand Modification

No abstract prepared.

2009-07-01

387

Structural Investigations of Silica Polyamine Composites: Surface Coverage, Metal Ion Coordination, and Ligand Modification

Silanization of the silica gel surface in the synthesis of silica gel polyamine composites uses (chloropropyl)-trichlorosilane (CPTCS). It is possible to substitute a molar fraction of reagent CPTCS with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS), creating a mixed silane surface layer. Two types of silica gels were modified with a series of MTCS:CPTCS molar ratios. Solid-state CP/MAS 29Si and 13C NMR spectroscopies were used to evaluate the surface silane composition. Surface silane coverage was markedly improved for the resulting gels. When polyamines were grafted to the resultant MTCS:CPTCS silane layers, it was shown that the decrease in the number of propyl attachments to the polyamine resulted in increased quantities of ''free amines''. Optimum MTCS:CPTCS ratios were determined for three polyamines grafted onto one silica gel. A substantial free amine increase was observed for poly(allylamine) (PAA). Metal uptake studies show increases in ...

2006-09-13

388

Spin-up of He II in a cylindrical vessel of finite height

Silanization of the silica gel surface in the synthesis of silica gel polyamine composites uses (chloropropyl)-trichlorosilane (CPTCS). It is possible to substitute a molar fraction of reagent CPTCS with methyltrichlorosilane (MTCS), creating a mixed silane surface layer. Two types of silica gels were modified with a series of MTCS:CPTCS molar ratios. Solid-state CP/MAS 29Si and 13C NMR spectroscopies were used to evaluate the surface silane composition. Surface silane coverage was markedly improved for the resulting gels. When polyamines were grafted to the resultant MTCS:CPTCS silane layers, it was shown that the decrease in the number of propyl attachments to the polyamine resulted in increased quantities of ''free amines''. Optimum MTCS:CPTCS ratios were determined for three polyamines grafted onto one silica gel. A substantial free amine increase was observed for poly(allylamine) (PAA). Metal uptake studies show increases in ...

2006-09-13

389

New Insights into Type II NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductases

The spin-up problem of He II in a cylindrical container of infinite and finite height is considered on the basis of the Hall-Vinen-Bekarevich-Khalatnikov equations. The boundary conditions include the assumption of the generation of superfluid vorticity at the walls of the container. In the lowest order approximation with respect to viscosity, the problem is reduced to a Stefan problem for a single diffusion-type equation. Examples of solutions are given which show that the method used gives a good insight into the physical development of the spin-up flow.

1990-01-01

390

Lithium isotope ratio in Population II halo dwarfs - a proposed test of the late decaying massive particle nucleosynthesis scenario

Type II NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductases (NDH-2) catalyze the two-electron transfer from NAD(P)H to quinones, without any energy-transducing site. NDH-2 accomplish the turnover of NAD(P)H, regenerating...Full Text Available

2004-12-01

391

Liposome technology. Volume II: Incorporation of drugs, proteins and genetic material

It is shown that observations of the lithium isotope ratio in high surface temperature Population II stars may be critical to cosmological nucleosynthesis models. In particular, decaying particle scenarios as derived in some supersymmetric models may stand or fall with such observations. 18 references.

1988-06-01

392

Evolution of a horizontal branch Population II star with total mass 0.63 Msub solar

These three volumes cover liposome technology in pharmacology and medicine. Contributors emphasize methodology used in their own laboratories, and include a brief introduction, coverage of relevant literature, applications and critical evaluations for the methods they describe. Volume II presents procedures for the entrapment of a number of drugs, including genetic material, into selected types of liposomes.

1984-01-01

393

Effects of electric field on the II-III phase transition in lithium ammonium sulphate and its deuterated analogue

The theoretical evolution of a horizontal branch star of Population II is followed through the helium burning in the core phase and is compared with the results given by other investigators. The m- fluence of different physics and interpolation schemes in the opacity tables is discussed. Some thoughts are given on the explanation of the erratic period variations observed in some of the RR Lyrae variables in the globular clusters. (auth)

1973-01-01

394

Dose specification and quality assurance of RTOG protocol 95-17; a cooperative group study of ¹⁹²Ir breast implants as sole therapy

Experimental results are presented on the quasi-statistic polarization reversal and on the effect of high dc electric field on the behaviour of LiNH_4SO_4 and LiND_4SO_4 monocrystals, namely in the vicinity of the II-III phase transformation.

1984-03-01

395

Comparison of SAND-II and FERRET

PurposeRTOG protocol 95-17 was a phase I/II trial to evaluate multi-catheter brachytherapy as the sole method of adjuvant breast radiotherapy for stage I/II breast...Full Text Available

2007-12-01

396

Can SST-II contain the standard model

A comparison was made of the advantages and disadvantages of two codes, SAND-II and FERRET, for determining the neutron flux spectrum and uncertainty from experimental dosimeter measurements as anticipated in the FFTF Reactor Characterization Program. This comparison involved an examination of the methodology and the operational performance of each code. The merits of each code were identified with respect to theoretical basis, directness of method, solution uniqueness, subjective influences, and sensitivity to various input parameters.

397

Aurantimonas manganoxydans, sp. nov. and Aurantimonas litoralis, sp. nov.: Mn(II) oxidizing representatives of a globally distributed clade of alpha-Proteobacteria from the order Rhizobiales

The answer to the title is ''NO''. The authors investigate the low energy particle spectra of type-II superstring theory after compactification to 4 dimensional space-time by means of the super Kac-Moody algebra as well as the twisted super Kac-Moody algebra. They show that there is no solution containing all of the particle contents in the standard model.

1988-11-01

398

A study of the interactions of some polypyridylruthenium (II) complexes with DNA using fluorescence spectroscopy, topoisomerisation and thermal denaturation.

Several closely related Mn(II)-oxidizing alpha-Proteobacteria were isolated from very different marine environments: strain SI85-9A1 from the oxic/anoxic interface of a stratified...Full Text Available

2009-04-01

399

Nitrogen utilization during spring phytoplankton bloom development in the southeast Bering Sea

The nature of binding of Ru(phen) 2+ (I), Ru(bipy) 2+ (II), Ru(terpy) 2+ (III) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bipy 3 = 2,2'-bipyridyl, 3 terpy = 2,2'2," - 2 terpyridyl) to DNA, poly[d(G-C)] and poly[d(A-T)]...Full Text Available

1985-09-11

400

Light, temperature and nitrogen as interacting factors affecting diel vertical migrations of dinoflagellates in culture

Interactions beween a high latitude, continental shelf, spring phytoplankton bloom and water column physics and chemistry were studied using /sup 15/N measured rates of nitrogen uptake. Peak bloom conditions commenced when the mixed layer shallowed and minimized respirational losses. Integrative light-mixing growth models were accurate during early bloom stages. An advection-diffusion model associated peak bloom nitrate uptake with pycnocline mixing rates of 2.1 m d/sup -1/ in an 18 m mixed layer. Maximum nitrogen specific uptake rates (hr/sup -1/), unlike those of carbon, coincided with peak bloom conditions. Although species compositions among peak bloom periods were similar, particulate C/N ratios were not. Apparently, both intercellular factors and prevailing mixing conditions influence specific uptake rates and cell composition. A large proportion of new (nitrate) to total productivity was associated with the dominance of the early bloom ...

1983-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

401

Influence of chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen on the corrosion resistance of the Ni-free, austenitic stainless steel Macrofer 2515MoN{sup *} (German alloy No. 1.4653); Einfluss von Chrom, Molybdaen und Stickstoff auf die Korrosionsbestaendigkeit des Ni-freien, austenitischen Edelstahles Macrofer 2515MoN{sup *} (W.-Nr.: 1.4653)

Diel vertial migrations of the marine dinoflagellates Gonyaulax polyedra Stein and Ceratium furca (Ehr.) Clap. et Lachm, were followed in a laboratory tube (2.02 m x 0.25 m) under a 12:12h light:dark cycle. The effects of temperature stratification, two levels of surface irradiance and nitrogen depletion on patterns of vertical migrations were examined. At temperatures between 22 to 26/sup 0/C with small temperature gradients, both species migrated at a rate of 0.7 to 1.0 mh/sup -1/. Steeper thermoclines (ca. 0.8/sup 0/C 0.1 m/sup -1/) with temperatures below ca. 20/sup 0/C caused a marked decrease in swimming speed which resulted in accumulations of cells in these thermocline regions. Under conditions of nutrient sufficiency both algae migrated into the surface layers at irradiance values of over 1000 ..mu..E m/sup -2/s/sup -1/. Increasing nitrogen depletion caused the downward migration of both algae to commence progressively earlier in the ...

1981-01-01

402

Ground-level ozone: Our new environmental policy

Nitrogen alloyed, Ni-free, austenitic stainless steels comprising of more than 1 wt.-% nitrogen are a new group of alloys with promising properties. They show a very interesting combination of high strength and toughness with a high corrosion resistance. This combination of properties make the alloys not only suitable for fasteners but also for parts for medical and dental applications. This work shows the influence of chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen on the corrosion resistance of Fe25Mn-alloys in media typical for the above mentioned applications. According to these results Fe25Mn-alloys with appr. 20 wt.-% chromium, about 3 wt.-% molybdenum and appr. 1,3 wt.-% nitrogen have an excellent corrosion resistance in Ringer solution, artificial saliva and artificial sweat. The critical pitting temperature (CPT) as well as the critical crevice temperature (CCT) with 61 C respectively 37 C tested according ...

1998-07-01

403

Carbon dioxide absorption of He--Ne laser radiation at 4. 2. mu. m: characteristics of self and nitrogen broadened cases

The environmental problem of ground level ozone is discussed, and the Canadian strategy for dealing with it is explained. Ozone in the troposphere can cause serious health problems in susceptible persons, and is estimated to cause up to $70 million in crop damage per year. The Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) Plan calls for less than 82 ppB by volume of ozone in any one-hour period in all areas of Canada by 2005. Three areas of Canada regularly exceed this value: the Lower Frazer valley in British Columbia, Saint John in New Brunswick, and the Windsor-Quebec corridor along the lower Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. Ozone is formed by a photochemical reaction of ammonia gases, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen sulfide or sulfur dioxide. Historically, ozone control has concentrated on controlling hydrocarbon emissions, but to little effect. In most locations close to large cities, ozone production is nitrogen oxide-limited, ...

404

Abundance of Alnus incana ssp. rugosa in Adirondack Mountain shrub wetlands and its influence on inorganic nitrogen

A laser resonance absorption spectrometer is used to investigate the characteristics of both self and nitrogen collision broadened carbon dioxide in resonance with He--Ne laser radiation at 4.2 ..mu..m. The absorption coefficient in these broadening conditions has contributions from the R(28) to R(34) absorption lines of the ..nu../sub 3/ CO/sub 2/ spectrum. The Fletcher-Powell optimization method is used to reduce the raw absorption data and to find the best value average collision broadening coefficient and laser emission frequency for a Lorentzian line shape model of the contributing lines. Pure carbon dioxide absorption in a pressure range of from 0.0016 atm (1.25 Torr) to 0.33 atm (250 Torr) is described well by the model with an average self broadening coefficient of 0.084 +- 0.008 cm/sup -1/ atm/sup -1/ for laser frequencies located at either 2370.591 +- 0.020 cm/sup -1/ or 2371.135 +- 0.019 cm/sup -1/. Nitrogen broadened carbon dioxide ...

1989-03-01

405

A cryocondensation pump for the DIII-D Advanced Divertor Program

The presence of the nitrogen-fixing shrub, Alnus incana ssp. rugosa, influences the concentration of inorganic nitrogen in surface waters in the Adirondack Mountain region of northern New York. - The purpose of this research was to determine the abundance of the nitrogen-fixing shrub, Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (speckled alder), in shrub wetlands of the Adirondack Mountain region of New York State and to determine whether its abundance affects the concentration or accumulation of inorganic nitrogen in wetland substrates. Alder/willow wetlands are the second most common wetland type in the Adirondack region. The Adirondack Park Agency's digital GIS database of wetland types was used to determine the areal extent of alder/willow wetlands in the Adirondacks. Randomly selected wetlands were sampled to determine the size and abundance of alder. Alder densities averaged {approx}7000 stems ha{sup -1} ...

2003-06-01

406

The development of an integrated multistaged fluid bed retorting process. Annual report, October 1, 1992--September 30, 1993

A cryocondensation pump was designed for the baffle chamber of General Atomics DIII-D tokamak and will be installed in the fall of 1992. The purpose of the pump is to study plasma density control by pumping the divertor. The pump is toroidally continuous, approximately 10 m long and located in the lower outer corner of the vacuum chamber of the machine. It consists of a 1 m{sup 2} liquid helium-cooled surface surrounded by a liquid nitrogen-cooled shield to limit the heat load on the helium-cooled surface. The liquid nitrogen-cooled surface is surrounded by a radiation/particle shield to prevent energetic particles from impacting and releasing condensed water molecules. A thermal enhancement coating was applied to the nitrogen shell to lower the maximum temperature of the shell. The coating is non-continuous to keep the toroidal electrical resistance high. The whole pump is supported off the water-cooled vacuum vessel wall. ...

1992-03-01

407

The Outermost Ejecta of Type Ia Supernovae

This report summarizes the progress made on the development of an integrated multistage fluidized bed retorting process (KENTORT II) during the period of October 1, 1992 through September 30, 1993 under Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC21-90MC27286 with the Morgantown Energy Technology Center, US Department of Energy. The KENTORT II process includes integral fluidized bed zones for pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion of the oil shale. The purpose of this program is to design and test the KENTORT II process at the 50-lb/hr scale. The PDU was assembled, instrumented and tested during this fiscal year. Along with the major activity of commissioning the 50-lb/hr retort, work was also completed in other areas. Basic studies of the cracking and coking kinetics of model compounds in a fixed bed reactor were continued. Additionally, as part of the effort to investigate niche market applications for KENTORT ...

1993-11-01

408

CERN Document Server

The properties of the highest velocity ejecta of normal Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are studied via models of very early optical spectra of 6 SNe. At epochs earlier than 1 week before maximum, SNe with a rapidly evolving Si II 6355 line velocity (HVG) have a larger photospheric velocity than SNe with a slowly evolving Si II 6355 line velocity (LVG). Since the two groups have comparable luminosities, the temperature at the photosphere is higher in LVG SNe. This explains the different overall spectral appearance of HVG and LVG SNe. However, the variation of the Ca II and Si II absorptions at the highest velocities (v >~ 20,000 km/s) suggests that additional factors, such as asphericity or different abundances in the progenitor white dwarf, affect the outermost layers. The C II 6578 line is marginally detected in 3 LVG SNe, suggesting that LVG undergo less intense burning. The ...

2007-01-01

409

Silver(I), mercury(II) and palladium(II) complexes of functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes: Synthesis, structural studies and catalytic activity

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A series of NHC silver(I), mercury(II) and palladium(II) complexes, [(1,3-diethylbimy)6Ag4I3]I (2), [(1-benzyl-3-picolylbimy)Ag2Br2]n (3), [(1-benzyl-3-picolylbimy)HgI(CH2CN)]2 (4), {[(1-picolyl-3-npropylbimy)2Hg][Hg2I6]}n (5) and [(1,3-dipicolylbimy)PdCl]Cl (6), as well as one anionic complex [1,3-diethylbimidazolium]2[HgI4] (1) (bimy=benzimidazol-2-ylidene), have been prepared and characterized. Interestingly, a wind wheel-like Ag4I3 arrangement in 2 is formed, 1D polymeric chain containing 12-membered macrometallocycles and quadrangle Ag2Br2 units in 3 is generated, and the a-carbon atom of deprotonated acetonitrile ([CH2CN]-) in 4 participates in coordination with mercury(II) atom. In the crystal packings of complexes 1-6, 2D supramolecular layers or 3D supramolecular architectures are...

2011-01-01

410

Redox reactions of Cu(II)-amine complexes in aqueous solutions

Origin and spread of a common deletion causing mucolipidosis type II: insights from patterns of haplotypic diversity

A number of amines can be employed for all volatile treatment (AVT) of steam generator (SG) systems of nuclear power reactors. These amines form complexes with Cu{sup 2+} and Ni{sup 2+} ions which come into water due to corrosion. The redox reactions of a number of Cu(II)-AVT amine complexes and the stability of the transient species formed have been studied by pulse radiolysis technique. Rate constants for the reaction of e{sub aq}{sup -} with a number of Cu(II)-amine complexes have been determined by following the decay of e{sub aq}{sup -} absorption. Stability of Cu(I)-amine complexes was studied by following the kinetics of the bleaching signal formed at the {lambda}{sub max} of the Cu(II) amine complex. Except for Cu(I)-triethanolamine complex all other Cu(I)-amine complexes were found to be stable. One-electron oxidation of Cu(II) amine complexes was studied using azidyl radicals for the oxidation ...

2003-03-01

411

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Coutinho MF, Encarnao M, Gomes R, da Silva Santos L, Martins S, Sirois-Gagnon D, Bargal R, Filocamo M, Raas-Rothschild A, Tappino B, Laprise C, Cury GK, Schwartz IV, Artigals O, Prata MJ, Alves S. Origin and spread of a common deletion causing mucolipidosis type II: insights from patterns of haplotypic diversity. Mucolipidosis II (ML II alpha/beta), or I-cell disease, is a rare genetic disease in which activity of the uridine diphosphate (UDP)-N-acetylglucosamine:lysosomal enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase (GlcNAc-phosphotransferase) is absent. GlcNAc-phosphotransferase is a multimeric enzyme encoded by two genes, GNPTAB and GNPTG. A spectrum of mutations in GNPTAB has been recently reported to cause ML II alpha/beta. Most of these mutations were found to be private or rare. ...

2011-01-01

412

Localized tachyons in C{sup 3}/Z{sub N}

Expression of cyclin D{sub 1} during endotoxin-induced aleveolar type II cell hyperplasia in rat lung and the detection of apoptotic cells during the remodeling process

We study the condensation of localized closed string tachyons in C{sup 3}/Z{sub N} non-supersymmetric noncompact orbifold singularities via renormalization group flows that preserve supersymmetry in the worldsheet conformal field theory and their interrelations with the toric geometry of these orbifolds. We show that for worldsheet supersymmetric tachyons, the endpoint of tachyon condensation generically includes 'geometric' terminal singularities (orbifolds that do not have any marginal or relevant Kahler blowup modes) as well as singularities in co-dimension two. Some of the various possible distinct geometric resolutions are related by flip transitions. For Type II theories, we show that the residual singularities that arise under tachyon condensation in various classes of Type II theories also admit a Type II GSO projection. We further show that Type II orbifolds entirely devoid of ...

2004-08-01

413

Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding human DNA topoisomerase II and localization of the gene to chromosome region 17q21-22

Our studies have shown that endotoxin intratracheally instilled into the rat lung induces proliferation of alveolar type II cells. In that study, the alveolar type II cells. In that study, the alveolar type II cell hyperplasia occurred 2 d after instillation of endotoxin and persisted for a further 2 d. After hyperplasia, the lung remodeled and returned to a normal state within 24-48 h. Understanding the mechanisms involved in the remodeling process of this transient hyperplasia may be useful to identify molecular changes that are altered in neoplasia. The purpose of the present study was to corroborate induction of epithelial cell hyperplasia by endotoxin and to delineate mechanisms involved in tissue remodeling after endotoxin-induced alveolar type II cell hyperplasia. In conclusion, immonostaining with cyclin D1 and cytokeratin shows that endotoxin induced epithelial cell proliferation and resulted ...

1995-12-01

414

Biosorption of copper (II) onto immobilized cells of Pycnoporus sanguineus from aqueous solution: Equilibrium and kinetic studies

Two overlapping cDNA clones encoding human DNA topoisomerase II were identified by two independent methods. In one, a human cDNA library in phage {lambda} was screened by hybridization with a mixed oligonucleotide probe encoding a stretch of seven amino acids found in yeast and Drosophila DNA topoisomerase II; in the other, a different human cDNA library in a {lambda}gt11 expression vector was screened for the expression of antigenic determinants that are recognized by rabbit antibodies specific to human DNA topoisomerase II. The entire coding sequences of the human DNA topoisomerase II gene were determined from these and several additional clones, identified through the use of the cloned human TOP2 gene sequences as probes. Hybridization between the cloned sequences and mRNA and genomic DNA indicates that the human enzyme is encoded by a single-copy gene. The location of the gene was mapped to ...

1988-10-01

415

Use of selective catalytic reduction for control of NO{sub x} emissions from power plants

The ability of white-rot fungus, Pycnoporus sanguineus to adsorb copper (II) ions from aqueous solution is investigated in a batch system. The live fungus cells were immobilized into Ca-alginate gel to study the influence of pH, initial metal ions concentration, biomass loading and temperature on the biosorption capacity. The optimum uptake of Cu (II) ions was observed at pH 5 with a value of 2.76 mg/g. Biosorption equilibrium data were best described by Langmuir isotherm model followed by Redlich-Peterson and Freundlich models, respectively. The biosorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion equations. The thermodynamic parameters enthalpy change (10.16 kJ/mol) and entropy change (33.78 J/mol K) were determined from the biosorption equilibrium data. The FTIR analysis showed that -OH, -NH, C-H, C=O, -COOH and C-N groups were involved in the biosorption of Cu (II) ions onto immobilized ...

2009-01-15

416

TPC magnet cryogenic system

This report describes selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technologies which offer an economical and effective means of reducing nitrogen oxide emissions from electricity generation facilities and reviews the feasibility and cost effectiveness of employing this technology on electricity generating facilities in Ontario. Based on experiences in the United States, in British Columbia, and internationally in Japan and Germany, the indication is that the technology for the installation of SCR systems on new gas-fired combined cycle power plants and existing coal-fired power plants has grown enormously during the past decade, and has been established as the control technology of choice for nitrogen oxide emissions. It is widely acknowledged to reduce power plant nitrogen oxide emissions, and do so at a very reasonable incremental cost. It is estimated that the annualized cost of installing and operating a SCR at a large ...

1999-07-01

417

Surface hardening utilizing high-density plasma nitriding on stainless steel alloys

The Time Projection Chamber (TPC) magnet at LBL and its compensation solenoids are adiabatically stable superconducting solenoid magnets. The cryogenic system developed for the TPC magnet is discussed. This system uses forced two-phase tubular cooling with the two cryogens in the system. The liquid helium and liquid nitrogen are delivered through the cooled load by forced tubular flow. The only reservoirs of liquid cryogen exist in the control dewar (for liquid helium) and the conditioner dewar (for liquid nitrogen). The operation o these systems during virtually all phases of system operation are described. Photographs and diagrams of various system components are shown, and cryogenic system data are presented in the following sections: (1) heat leaks into the TPC coil package and the compensation solenoids; (2) heat leaks to various components of the TPC magnet cryogenics system besides the magnets and control dewar; (3) the control dewar and ...

1980-03-01

418

Surface hardening utilizing high-density plasma nitriding on stainless steel alloys

By using a plasma nitriding procedure at the PUPR Mirror Cusp Plasma machine, surface hardness is increased in 302/304-type stainless steel samples by exposing them to high-ion-density plasma at high vacuum. This method successfully dopes the surface of the material with strengthening nitrogen ions, without the use of chemical procedures that sacrifice the resistance to corrosion of the given material. A 500 V negative bias is placed on the sample exposed to the nitrogen plasma, where high-energy ions are therefore attracted and immersed into the metallic matrix microns into the surface of the stainless steel. This potential maintains a constant surface temperature at approximately 800 deg. C. The plasma parameters including ion density and plasma temperature were diagnosed using single Langmuir probes. The stainless steel samples were then tested using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Vickers micro-hardness testing to determine the ...

2008-10-15

419

Role of the triple bond in acid corrosion inhibition

By using a plasma nitriding procedure at the PUPR Mirror Cusp Plasma machine, surface hardness is increased in 302/304-type stainless steel samples by exposing them to high-ion-density plasma at high vacuum. This method successfully dopes the surface of the material with strengthening nitrogen ions, without the use of chemical procedures that sacrifice the resistance to corrosion of the given material. A 500 V negative bias is placed on the sample exposed to the nitrogen plasma, where high-energy ions are therefore attracted and immersed into the metallic matrix microns into the surface of the stainless steel. This potential maintains a constant surface temperature at approximately 800 deg. C. The plasma parameters including ion density and plasma temperature were diagnosed using single Langmuir probes. The stainless steel samples were then tested using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Vickers micro-hardness testing to determine the ...

2008-10-01

420

Responses to ammonium and nitrate additions by boreal plants and their natural enemies

It is now over 30 yr since the original discovery was made that acetylenic compounds are effective in inhibiting the corrosion of iron in acid media. Since then, the industrial practice of oil-well acidizing has become well-established, with key acetylenic compounds such as propargyl alcohol, hexynol, and ethyl octynol assuming increasingly important roles. New and more stable triple-bonded compounds properly formulated and synergized with nitrogen compounds are expected to be used more extensively as temperature, stability, and performance requirements increase. An evaluation is made of the structural features which enhance or limit the corrosion performance of a given acetylenic. New data involving mixtures of acetylenics, hydrogen-bonded complexes, and the use of new nitrogen synergists are covered also. Tabular data at 200/sup 0/F approximate the more strenuous conditions of an oil-well acidizing job using N-80 tubing. The performance of ...

1970-01-01

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421

Reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) production in a liquid fuel-oil diffusion flame by acoustic excitation; Reduction de la production des oxydes d`azote (NO{sub x}) dans une flamme de diffusion a fioul liquide par excitation acoustique

Separate effects of ammonium (NH{sub 4} {sup +}) and nitrate (NO{sub 3} {sup -}) on boreal forest understorey vegetation were investigated in an experiment where 12.5 and 50.0 kg nitrogen (N) ha{sup -1} year{sup -1} was added to 2 m{sup 2} sized plots during 4 years. The dwarf-shrubs dominating the plant community, Vaccinium myrtillus and V. vitis-idaea, took up little of the added N independent of the chemical form, and their growth did not respond to the N treatments. The grass Deschampsia flexuosa increased from the N additions and most so in response to NO{sub 3} {sup -}. Bryophytes took up predominately NH{sub 4} {sup +} and there was a negative correlation between moss N concentration and abundance. Plant pathogenic fungi increased from the N additions, but showed no differences in response to the two N forms. Because the relative contribution of NH{sub 4} {sup +} and NO{sub 3} {sup -} to the total N deposition on a regional scale can vary substantially, the ...

2006-05-15

422

Previous heat treatment inducing different plasma nitriding behaviors in martensitic stainless steels

The control of nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) emissions will become a major challenge in the forthcoming years, in the domain of automotive industry or industrial burners. Pulsed combustion offers an imaginative solution which does not affect the combustion efficiency. In this paper, the efficiency of this method is demonstrated using the burner of a 20 kW domestic boiler. The actuator is simply installed on the air intake. Two types of actuators have been tested successfully: a loudspeaker and a rotative valve. Both can produce 100 to 1000 Hz frequencies and can lead to a reduction of 20% of NO{sub x} emissions. The feasibility of the concept is also demonstrated on a 840 kW liquid fuel-oil burner. The mechanisms involved during an excitation are explained using the CH{sup *} radical imaging. Results show an important reorganization of the flow and of the flame structure. During each excitation cycle, an annular swirl occurs at the leading edge of the flame catching ...

1996-12-31

423

Novel InN growth method under In-rich condition on GaN/Al2O3(0001) templates

In this work we report a study of the induced changes in structure and corrosion behavior of martensitic stainless steels nitrided by plasma immersion ion implantation (PI"3) at different previous heat treatments. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction and glancing angle x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic measurements. Depending on the proportion of retained austenite in the unimplanted material, different phase transformations are obtained at lower and intermediate temperatures of nitrogen implantation. At higher temperatures, the great mobility of the chromium yields CrN segregations like spots in random distribution, and the #alpha#"'-martensite is degraded to#alpha#-Fe (ferrite). The nitrided layer thickness follows a fairly linear relationship with the temperature and a parabolic law with the process time. The corrosion resistance depends strongly on chromium segregation from ...

2006-09-01

424

Nitrogen oxide abatement by distributed fuel addition. Quarterly report No. 8, May 1, 1989--July 31, 1989

A novel technique is proposed for the growth of an InN film on a GaN/Al2O3(0001) template by radio-frequency plasma-excited molecular beam epitaxy (RF-MBE). The method involves 1) InN growth under an In-rich condition and 2) additional nitrogen radical irradiation after the InN growth under an In-rich condition. Excess In that appeared on the InN surface in the InN growth under an In-rich condition is transformed to InN by the additional nitrogen radical irradiation. The effective V/III ratio is easily controlled by monitoring the intensity in a reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) pattern. The growth of the InN film by repeating the InN growth under an In-rich condition and the additional nitrogen radical irradiation is also demonstrated. (copyright 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

2009-06-01

425

Nitrogen Requirements and Balance of Protected Cucumber in Coastal Lebanon

The performance of the new combustor was tested. Experiments showed that this combustor has superior insulating quality than the previous one. Measured radial concentrations indicated uniform distribution of the primary fuel (coal) inside the fire tube resulting in reasonably flat concentration profiles. However, measured radial concentrations after the addition of the reburn fuel showed uneven distribution of the fuel resulting in parabolic concentration profiles, an indication of insufficient mixing in the reburn zone. In order to study mechanisms of nitrogenous species destruction in the reburn zone, it is necessary to achieve adequate mixing if the assumption of one dimensional plug flow behavior is to be valid. Thus, it became necessary to modify the injector design and the injection mode of the reburn fuel to achieve an adequate level of mixing which is the focus of this report. The results show that a minimum reburn fuel jet velocity of 15 m/s (standard ...

1989-08-25

426

Mechanical properties of excimer laser modified titanium surfaces

Protected cultures are widespread along the Lebanese narrow coastline, encouraged by mild winter conditions. Although one of the most intensive production systems, water and nutrients managements are mostly empirical, based on the experience of the grower himself or of his workers. So far, water has been available in Lebanon, but it will become scarce within ten years. The conservation of water quality by a rational addition of nutrients is particularly relevant to protected cultures. This is important as greenhouses are developed on imported shallow soils that could be fragile and highly vulnerable to pollution. Sound management includes the amount and the forms of fertilizers as well as the modality of fertigation. An experiment was conducted during two spring seasons in a location along the northern coast in a typical unheated greenhouse. The cucumber response to two frequencies and modalities of fertigation was followed: continuous T2C and T3C and discontinuous T2D and T3D every ...

2003-10-01

427

Evaluation of some lupin mutants under different irrigation intervals and nitrogen fertilizer levels

Excimer laser processing enables both thermally-driven transformations and the incorporation of solutes into the surface of materials through melting and diffusional mixing. We have examined the effect of excimer laser processing on the microstructure and surface mechanical properties of titanium alloys. Changes in the surface hardness due to laser processing were studied using a Nanoindenter [trademark]. Alloying experiments using both mixing of evaporated surface layers of boron and laser gas alloying in air and in nitrogen all result in changes in the surface hardness of the material. Alloying with boron results in an amorphous surface which is somewhat harder than the as polished surface. Laser processing in air and pure nitrogen results in incorporation of oxygen and nitrogen and the development of fine ([approximately] 50 nm) precipitates of TiO and TiN respectively. Substantial increases in surface hardness result ...

1993-01-01

428

Enhancement of surface properties of 45{number_sign} steel using plasma immersion ion implantation

This investigation was carried out during the two seasons of 1998/1999 and 1999/2000 at the experimental farm belonging to the plant research department, nuclear research center, atomic energy authority in Inshas to evaluate four lupin mutant lines (L_1, L_2, L_3 and L_4) along with their original mother varieties giza 1 and giza 2 under different levels and nitrogen fertilizer levels. The results indicated that seed yield/ plant and its effective components number and weight of pods/plant were significantly higher in all the mutant lines as compared to their parents either in the first or second seasons. Concerning the effect of irrigation intervals on yield and its components for developed mutants and their mother varieties as well as the results gave an evidence that the wider interval showed the lesser values for yield and most of yield components. Obtained data also revealed that yield attributes of lupin mutants and their parents were affected by applying ...

2002-04-01

429

Electrical properties of ultra-thin oxynitrided layer using N{sub 2}O plasma in inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition for non-volatile memory on glass

45{number_sign} steel, which has good mechanical strength and is relatively cheap, is a common constituent in industrial components, such as precision gears, piston columns of oil pumps, and so on. However, since the working environment of these industrial parts is sometimes quite harsh and unforgiving, they are vulnerable to wear and corrosion. Replacing 45{number_sign} steel with stainless or alloy steel increases the cost significant, and a better alternative is to improve its surface properties and lifetime using plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII). The authors have devised a variety of treatment processes using PIII, including radio-frequency (RF) plasma nitriding, RF plasma nitriding and nitrogen PIII, Ti deposition in conjunction with nitrogen PIII (IBED), as well as Cr deposition followed by nitrogen PIII (IBED). To assess the efficacy of the processes, the microhardness and mass loss due to wear were measured ...

1997-12-31

430

Electrical properties of ultra-thin oxynitrided layer using N_2O plasma in inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition for non-volatile memory on glass

In this work, the silicon oxynitride layer was studied as a tunneling layer for non-volatile memory application by fabricating low temperature polysilicon thin film transistors on glass. Silicon wafers were oxynitrided by only nitrous oxide plasma under different radio frequency powers and plasma treatment times. Plasma oxynitridation was performed in RF plasma using inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition. The X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy was employed to analyze the atomic concentration ratio of nitrogen/oxygen in oxynitride layer. The oxynitrided layer formed under radio frequency power of 150 W and substrate temperature of 623 K was found to contain the atomic concentration ratio of nitrogen/oxygen as high as 1.57. The advantage of high nitrogen concentration in silicon oxide layer formed by using nitrous oxide plasma was investigated by capacitance-voltage measurement. The analysis of ...

2007-06-04

431

Effects of temperature and organic and inorganic nutrients on the growth of Chattonella marina (Raphidophyceae) from the Daya Bay, South China Sea

In this work, the silicon oxynitride layer was studied as a tunneling layer for non-volatile memory application by fabricating low temperature polysilicon thin film transistors on glass. Silicon wafers were oxynitrided by only nitrous oxide plasma under different radio frequency powers and plasma treatment times. Plasma oxynitridation was performed in RF plasma using inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition. The X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy was employed to analyze the atomic concentration ratio of nitrogen/oxygen in oxynitride layer. The oxynitrided layer formed under radio frequency power of 150 W and substrate temperature of 623 K was found to contain the atomic concentration ratio of nitrogen/oxygen as high as 1.57. The advantage of high nitrogen concentration in silicon oxide layer formed by using nitrous oxide plasma was investigated by capacitance-voltage measurement. The analysis of ...

2007-06-04

432

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The effects of temperature and different forms of nutrients on Chattonella marina growth have been investigated in strains isolated from the Daya Bay, the South China Sea. The strain of C. marina preferred high temperatures, with an optimal temperature of 25?C, and 18?C was the minimum for its survival. Higher cell number and growth rate were obtained in high nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (500 ?g/L, 74 ?g/L) than under nutrient limitation. Nitrogen influenced the growth most, as the specific growth rate and maximum cell density were lower in nitrogenlimited cultures than noted under phosphorus limitation or under limitation from both. C. marina was capable of using many kinds of organic nitrogen sources including L-serine (L-Ser), glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala), L-threonine (L-Thr),...

2011-01-01

433

Development and application of bio-sensor. Production of ammonia sensor

Conversion of energy and power sources to gas fuel: effects on air quality

The objectives of this study are to make a biosensor on a trial basis which can instantaneously measure the nitrogen in wastewater, and to develop a wastewater treatment system which is capable of on-line measurement and controlling. The system provides easier operational control relating to such a high efficient treatment as the removal of nitrogen content in wastewater, serving as a solution to the eutrophication problem. It can be applied also to the analysis of fertilizer components for agriculture. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria were immobilized with cellulose acetate film, which is mounted on a diaphragm type oxygen electrode to make a sensor, and its responsibility was studied. The gradient is slow in high concentration but sharp in low concentration, and it seems possible to use it for the measurement for less than 20 ppm nitrogen concentration. The dependence of the sensor including electrodes and activity of bacteria ...

1989-08-01

434

Comparative study of solvent properties for carbon dioxide absorption

The consequences of converting a facility from brown coal fuel to gas fuel were analyzed by model simulation. Treated were a district heating plant with an output of 700 TJ/yr and minor local heating sources (stoves) at a density of 1 family house per 100 m"2. Emissions of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons before and after the conversion are given for the two types of source. Conversion of a major air pollution source to gas fuel would result in a reduction of the contribution of sulfur dioxide emissions of the order of 10"-"4, of particulate matter and carbon monoxide of the order of 10"-"3, and of hydrocarbons of the order of 10"-"2. The decrease will be lowest for nitrogen oxides, viz. about 40%. Analogous data for local heating sources in towns would be 10"-"5 for sulfur dioxide, 10"-"4 for particulate matter, 10"-"3 for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and roughly one order of magnitude ...

1994-02-01

435

Biogeochemical cycling of N in tropical coastal zones: molecular microbial ecology of trace gas production.

Several inexpensive and non-toxic solvents with low vapour pressures were investigated for their suitability as alternative solvents for the absorption of carbon dioxide from flue gas. The solvents include poly(ethylene glycol)s, poly(ethylene glycol) ethers, poly(ethylenimine) and glycerol-based substances. Solvent properties such as thermal stability, solubility of carbon dioxide and selectivity over nitrogen were investigated in a systematic study using a thermogravimetric analyser. Absorption results are reported for pure carbon dioxide and nitrogen as well as a mixture of both gases. Desorption and long-term sorption behaviour are also discussed. Glycerol and poly(ethylene glycol)s show a high solubility of carbon dioxide. Due to the high viscosity of the solvent, carbon dioxide absorption in poly(ethylenimine) is very slow in spite of the presence of favourable amine groups. PEG 300 was found to be the best solvent in this study and shows ...

2010-07-01

436

ZrO_2/O' sialon composites containing mixed additives

ObjectivesThe specific objectives of the research are to: 1. Determine the concentrations of N2O, NO and NO2 in tropical coastal waters in relation to nutrients and salinities. 2. Determine, with excess nitrate present, the potential for nitrate reduction and denitrification in sediments along tropical estuaries, and whether NO, NO2, N2O, N2 or NH4+ are significant products. 3. Establish the balance between denitrification, nitrate ammonification and anammox in tropical estuarine sediments, relative to [continued...]DescriptionThe coastal zone is extremely important in the biogeochemical processes which control the natural cycle of elements of the Earth. In particular, the coastal zone contributes significantly to the nitrogen cycle, removing nitrogen washed in from the land by rivers and so reducing its fertilizing impact on the coastal seas. However, these removal processes, driven by microorganisms, also contribute to the formation of ...

2009-01-31

437

Surface modification of the pure iron by the pulse plasma nitriding: Application of a kinetic model

Mixed additions of Sm_2O_3 and Y_2O_3 were used in the formation of zirconia-containing O'-sialon composites, where Sm_2O_3 was used for the purpose of densification and Y_2O_3 for zirconia stabilization. Dense ZrO_2/O' -sialon composites were produced at 1500 deg C. by sintering in nitrogen for 4 hours. Tetragonal zirconia remained in the product and t#->#m transformation was observed when the sample was ground into powder. However, the improvement in fracture toughness was not significant and this was attributed to the weakened transformability of the tetragonal zirconia phase in the nitrogen-based materials. 18 refs., 4 tabs., 2 figs.

438

Surface modification of the pure iron by the pulse plasma nitriding: Application of a kinetic model

In this work, the pulse plasma nitriding process of pure iron is modelled using a kinetic model derived from the Fick's laws. This approach based on the error function model allows to simulate the growth kinetics of a biphase configuration consisting of {gamma}'-Fe{sub 4}N{sub 1-x} and {epsilon}-Fe{sub 2-3}N iron nitrides under specified conditions. By coupling the kinetics data about the diffusivities of nitrogen in {alpha}-Fe, {gamma}' and {epsilon} phases to the thermodynamic description of the Fe-N phase diagram, it is possible to evaluate the kinetic constant at each growing phase interface, the thickness of nitrided layer, and predict the nitrogen concentration profiles. The comparison between the experimental and theoretical results shows the reliability of the simulation results.

2007-07-25

439

Study of some nuclear reaction interferences in determination of nitrogen content of plant materials by 14-MeV neutron-activation analysis

In this work, the pulse plasma nitriding process of pure iron is modelled using a kinetic model derived from the Fick's laws. This approach based on the error function model allows to simulate the growth kinetics of a biphase configuration consisting of #gamma#'-Fe_4N_1_-_x and #epsilon#-Fe_2_-_3N iron nitrides under specified conditions. By coupling the kinetics data about the diffusivities of nitrogen in #alpha#-Fe, #gamma#' and #epsilon# phases to the thermodynamic description of the Fe-N phase diagram, it is possible to evaluate the kinetic constant at each growing phase interface, the thickness of nitrided layer, and predict the nitrogen concentration profiles. The comparison between the experimental and theoretical results shows the reliability of the simulation results.

2007-07-25

440

Response of ecosystem carbon exchange to warming and nitrogen addition during two hydrologically contrasting growing seasons in a temperate steppe

The nitrogen content of 10 medicinal plant species has been determined by fast-neutron activation analysis (FNAA). Correction factors for the effects of the /sup 16/O(p,..cap alpha..)/sup 13/N knock-on proton-induced reaction and the (n,2n) reactions, which produce interfering positron-emitting radionuclides, have also been determined. The total relative interference from the /sup 16/O(p,..cap alpha..)/sup 13/N and (n,2n) reactions of K, Cl, Fe and Br was found to be 5.1 to 32.1% for the plant samples.

1983-05-01

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441

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract A large remaining source of uncertainty in global model predictions of future climate is how ecosystem carbon (C) cycle feedbacks to climate change. We conducted a field manipulative experiment of warming and nitrogen (N) addition in a temperate steppe in northern China during two contrasting hydrological growing seasons in 2006 [wet with total precipitation 11.2% above the long-term mean (348 mm)] and 2007 (dry with total precipitation 46.7% below the long-term mean). Irrespective of strong intra- and interannual variations in ecosystem C fluxes, responses of ecosystem C fluxes to warming and N addition did not change between the two growing seasons, suggesting independence of warming and N responses of net ecosystem C exchange (NEE) upon hydrological variations in the temperate ...

2009-01-01

442

Plasma treatment process for palladium chemisorption onto polymers before electroless deposition

Passivation of uranium metal by radio-frequency plasma nitriding against gas phase (H{sub 2}, H{sub 2}O) corrosion

Before electroless plating, polymer surfaces must be sensitized and/or activated by using either the conventional two-step or one-step process. The latter stage is a compulsory one to make such surfaces catalytic, e.g., for Ni-P deposition. These processes are performed here using O{sub 2}, NH{sub 3}, or N{sub 2} plasma pretreatments. Reaction mechanisms are proposed for each of the processes and for each type of surface considered (oxygenated or both oxygenated and nitrogenated by the plasma treatment). Direct palladium chemisorption onto nitrogenated groups is highlighted. This allows one to simplify the process making the surface catalytic via elimination of the use of SnCl{sub 2} and to extend the method to any polymer. An additional interest of the plasma treatments, besides their high efficiency in grafting chemical functions, is to perform this grafting at will on selected areas which results in selective metallization.

1996-02-01

443

Ozone and NOy in the Milan plume: the episode of June 19-21, 1998

Thin passive layers of uranium nitride were formed by nitriding pure metallic uranium in non-equilibrium, low pressure radio-frequency plasma of nitrogen. Plasma nitriding at low substrate temperature of 230 C-250 C was found to cause the formation of adherent layers of uranium sesquinitride ({alpha}-U{sub 2}N{sub 3}) which provide a considerable protection against hydrogen attack. The characteristics of these passivation layers were determined by X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy. The incipient hydriding kinetics of the plasma-treated samples were compared with those of untreated and nitrogen-ion implantation ones, utilizing a hot-stage microscope that was monitored continuously with a TV camera and videotape. (orig.)

1996-07-01

444

One-step synthesis of Pt-supported carbon nanohorns for fuel cell electrode by arc plasma in liquid nitrogen

Nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2), total reactive nitrogen NOy, ozone (O_3), JNO_2 and volatile organic compounds (VOC) were measured for 10 weeks during spring and summer 1998 in the highly polluted Milan agglomeration. The concentrations during the episode of June 19 to 21 are analysed. During this period ozone peaks at 160 ppb, NOy at 36 ppb. The high NOz/NOy-ratio in the afternoon indicates aged air masses reaching the station. We refer to NOz as the difference between NOy and NOx. It stands for NOx consumed during the photochemical aging of the air mass. Depending on the origin of the air mass the limitation of the ozone production shifts between VOC- and NOx-sensitivity. (Author)

445

On the premixed combustion in a direct-injection diesel engine

One-step synthesis of Pt-loaded carbon nanoparticles including single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) by arc plasma in liquid nitrogen was demonstrated using Pt-contained graphite anode. The size distribution of Pt particles can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of Pt in the graphite anode. In the observation by transmission electron microscope, the diameter of less than 5 nm of Pt particles were observed as approximately 90% among the Pt particles when Pt was contained in the anode at 1.3 at.%. When Pt concentration in the anode was decreased to 0.4 at.%, the percentage of Pt particles whose diameter is less than 5 nm decreased to approximately 60%. It was verified that the as-grown Pt-loaded products produced by this method can be useful for the power generation by polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

2006-10-10

446

Nitrogen compounds in soil solutions of agricultural land

The factors influencing premixed burning and the importance of premixed burning on the exhaust emissions from a small high-speed direct-injection diesel engine were investigated. The characteristics of premixed and diffusion burning were examined using a single-zone heat-release analysis. The mass of fuel burned in premixed combustion was found to be linearly related to the product of engine speed and ignition-delay time and to be essentially independent of the total amount of fuel injected. Accordingly, the premixed-burned fraction increased with increasing engine speed, with decreasing fuel-air ratio and with retarding injection timing. The hydrocarbon emissions did not correlate well with the premixed-burned fraction. In contrast, the oxides of nitrogen emissions were found to increase with decreasing premixed-burned fraction, indicating that diffusion burning, and not premixed burning, is the primary source of oxides of nitrogen emissions.

1987-04-01

447

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Plants are capable of taking up nitrogen (N) in both organic and inorganic forms, so the concentrations and relative proportions of different N forms in soils are likely to be important determinants of their N nutrition. Therefore, there is a need for greater knowledge of the N profiles of soils. In the study presented here we examined the potential plant-available N in soils from four sites with various agricultural histories (one recently fertilized), using small tension lysimeters to collect free and bound amino acids and inorganic N forms in solution, with minimal soil disturbance and with intact plants present. Subsequent analysis showed that concentrations of free amino acids ranged from 0.1 to 12.7 ?M, whereas concentrations of bound amino acids were on average 50 times higher, and ...

2010-01-01

448

Microstructural characterization of ZrO_2/O'-SiAlON composites

Influence of RF power on the electrical and mechanical properties of nano-structured carbon nitride thin films deposited by RF magnetron sputtering

Zirconia has demonstrated a very moderate toughening effect in nitrogen-based ceramic composites because the reaction between tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO_2) and nitrogen results in additional zirconia stabilization to a nontransformable t' or cubic structure. In O'-SiAlON matrices, the oxygen concentration increases and the oxygen-rich intergranular glassy phase prevents zirconia from nitridation. As a result, tetragonal ZrO_2 is maintained and is transformable in the O'-SiAlON materials. The present study has provided transmission electron microscopy (TEM) evidence of the zirconia transformation and the associated toughening effect in a ZrO_2/O'-SiAlON composite. The implications and limitations of the transformation on toughening of the material are discussed.

449

Implementation of denitrification systems in power plants fueled with brown coal from Rhine region deposits

Nano structured carbon nitride thin films were deposited at different RF powers in the range of 50 W to 225 W and constant gas ratio of (argon: nitrogen) Ar:N_2 by RF magnetron sputtering. The atomic percentage of Nitrogen: Carbon (N/C) content and impedance of the films increased from 14.36% to 22.31% and 9 x 10"-"1 #OMEGA# to 7 x 10"5 #OMEGA# respectively with increase in RF power. The hardness of the deposited films increased from 3.12 GPa to 13.12 GPa. The increase in sp"3 hybridized C-N sites and decrease of grain size with increase in RF power is responsible for such variation of observed mechanical and electrical properties.

2010-10-01

450

Fluorocarbons and cardiac arrhythmia: does difluorodichloromethane (FC 12) inhibit cardiac metabolism

Based on the air pollution values typical of brown coal furnaces the paper discusses pollution abatement measures on the part of fuel engineering and flue gas technology. Fuel engineering contributes to air pollution abatement by measures such as stepped air supply, stepped fuel supply and flue gas draw-in. Flue gas technology largely relies on measures such as the SCR method using different catalytic converters, the noncatalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, the simultaneous separation of sulfur dioxides and nitrogen oxides, and the Denox-Luvo method. The paper concludes with remarks on the RWE brown coal power plant retrofitting scheme planning to have all power plants equipped with adequate denitrification systems until the end of 1989 at the latest. (orig./PW)

1987-05-01

451

Effects of livestock wastewater variety and disinfectants on the performance of constructed wetlands in organic matters and nitrogen removal

Certain fluorocarbons, such as difluorodichloromethane (FC 12), depress the cardiovascular system by diminution of all the transmembrane ionic conductances in cardiac tissues. Does FC 12 also inhibit active transport and thus enzymatic activity and cellular energy. We measured phosphocreatine (PC), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMPc) in rat hearts. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; 2 control groups: one breathing a mixture of oxygen (21%) and nitrogen (79%) (group C) and the other breathing the same mixture but simultaneously perfused with 1 microgram/kg/min. epinephrine (groupe E-C); 2 trial groups T and E-T where nitrogen was replaced by FC 12. The maximal FC 12 concentration of 720 micrograms/ml in arterial blood produced no significant difference in the concentrations of these three metabolites compared with controls.

1986-01-01

452

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Background, aim and scope Treatment performance of constructed wetlands (CWs) is largely dependent on the characteristics of the wastewater. Although livestock wastewater is readily biodegradable in general, its variety in biodegradability can still be significant in practice. In addition, it is a common practice to periodically use disinfectants in livestock activities for health concerns. Obviously, the residual of the disinfectants in livestock wastewater may have serious inhibitory effect on the microbial activities during wastewater treatment. Thus, the main objective of this study was to examine the variety of livestock wastewater in biodegradability and its effect on the performance of a pilot scale tidal flow CWs (TFCWs) in organic matter and nitrogen removal. Furthermore, investig...

2011-01-01

453

Corrosion resistance of tungsten and molybdenum alloys with #approx# 30 at.% Re in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing environments

Combined inverse modeling approach and load duration curve method for variable nitrogen total maximum daily load development in an agricultural watershed

Formation kinetics and composition of products of interaction of binary and ternary tungsten-molybdenum-rhenium alloys containing 30#+-#3 at.% (27-47 weight %) Re with products of thermal dissociation of ammonia and nitrogen-oxygeneous mixtures are studied. Mo-45% Re-10%W ternary alloy occupies intermediate position between W-27%Re and Mo-47%Re binary alloys, while its corrosion resistance and corrosion nature are close to those of W-Re and mechanical features - to those of Mo-Re alloy. It is explained by the fact, that the variation of W and Mo ration occurs in thin surface layer of ternary alloys in contrast to the initial state and the enrichment of near-the-surface layer with tungsten occurs under hot and cold deformation, at aging in the air, and during oxidation-reduction treatment. 4 refs.; 7 figs.

454

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose Nonpoint sources (NPS) pollution has been an important cause for water quality impairment worldwide. To take the temporal variations of both NPS pollution and in-stream attenuation into consideration, an inverse modeling approach and the load duration curve (LDC) method were combined for variable nutrient total maximum daily load (TMDL) development. Methods Water quality and hydrological parameters were monitored monthly along the ChangLe River system in 2004?2008. The catchment NPS export load (EL) and TMDL for total nitrogen (TN) were estimated by the inverse format of an existing stream nutrient transport equation. The LDC method was used to describe the variability of EL, TMDL, requiring load (RLR) and percent (the ratio between the RLR and the EL, RPR) reduction, and then to s...

2011-01-01

455

Chemical plant factors affecting resistance in sugarcane in against Scirpophaga Nivella f

Catalyst and method for reduction of nitrogen oxides

The study was conducted during 2000 to determine the role of various chemical plant factors viz., total minerals, nitrogen, fat contents, carbohydrate, macro an micro nutrients in the leaves of five genotypes of sugarcane i.e., BF-162, SPSG-26, L-118, CP-43/33 and CP-72/2086 by correlating the infestation of top borer, Scirpophaga Nivella F. at tillering stage. None of the genotype was found completely resistant to the pest. CP-43/33 and BF-162 proved susceptible and resistant varieties, respectively. Total mineral, manganese and copper contents did not show significant correlation with the pest infestation, whereas nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium and ferrous contents played a positive and significant role. Phosphorous, carbohydrates, fats and zinc contents played a significant and negative effect on the pest infestation at tillering stage. (author)

456

Catalyst and method for reduction of nitrogen oxides

A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst was prepared by slurry coating ZSM-5 zeolite onto a cordierite monolith, then subliming an iron salt onto the zeolite, calcining the monolith, and then dipping the monolith either into an aqueous solution of manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate and then calcining, or by similar treatment with separate solutions of manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate. The supported catalyst containing iron, manganese, and cerium showed 80 percent conversion at 113 degrees Celsius of a feed gas containing nitrogen oxides having 4 parts NO to one part NO.sub.2, about one equivalent ammonia, and excess oxygen; conversion improved to 94 percent at 147 degrees Celsius. N.sub.2O was not detected (detection limit: 0.6 percent N.sub.2O).

2008-08-19

457

Carbohydrates/nucleosides/RNA-DNA-ligand interactions

A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst was prepared by slurry coating ZSM-5 zeolite onto a cordierite monolith, then subliming an iron salt onto the zeolite, calcining the monolith, and then dipping the monolith either into an aqueous solution of manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate and then calcining, or by similar treatment with separate solutions of manganese nitrate and cerium nitrate. The supported catalyst containing iron, manganese, and cerium showed 80 percent conversion at 113 degrees Celsius of a feed gas containing nitrogen oxides having 4 parts NO to one part NO.sub.2, about one equivalent ammonia, and excess oxygen; conversion improved to 94 percent at 147 degrees Celsius. N.sub.2O was not detected (detection limit: 0.6 percent N.sub.2O).

2008-05-27

458

Calculations using the OSPM model of NO sub x and CO air pollution in Bredgade, Copenhagen. [Denmark. Operational Street Pollution Model. Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide]. Beregninger med OSPM-modellen af NO sub x - og CO-luftforurening i Bredgade, Koebenhavn

Carbohydrate and nucleotide structural determination using modern spectroscopic techniques is dependent on our ability to label oligonucleotides and oligosaccharides with stable isotopes. Uniform Carbon 13 and Nitrogen 15 labeling of oligonucleotides is important to present-day efforts, which are focused on determining the structure of relatively small oligosaccharides and oligonucleotides, which form the elements of larger structures. Because of the relatively recent interest in three-dimensional structure, the development of techniques used to label them has lagged behind parallel techniques used to label peptides and proteins. Therefore, this group`s discussion focused primarily on problems faced today in obtaining oligonucleotides labeled uniformly with carbon 13 and nitrogen 15.

1994-12-01

459

CH4/N2 Ratio as a Potential Alternative Geochemical Tool for Prediction of Thermal Maturity of Natural Gas in Tarim Basin

The emission of air pollutants from road vehicles is the most significant source of air pollution in towns. The chemical composition of these pollutive substances is dependent on the fuel, the type of vehicle and the character of the traffic system. The pollution concentration was measured, (nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide) in relation to each type of vehicle, in four streets in the Copenhagen area. The system of measurement used was the ''Operational Street Pollution Model'' (OSPM). Results are presented in the form of tables and charts. (AB) 11 refs.

1991-01-01

460

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this context, the bulk ratio of CH4/N2 is examined as a potential alternative geochemical parameter for the assessment of thermal maturity of natural gas and compared to other previously published data. Open-system non-isothermal pyrolysis of low-mature coal from the Manjiaer sag, Tarim basin, yielded generation curves for methane and nitrogen. Analysis of the change of vitrinite reflectance indicates a two-stage process of thermal maturation with increasing temperatures. The relationship between Ro and pyrolysis temperature could be expressed by the following equations: Stage I: Ro = 0.0014T + 0.109, r = 0.9931(Ro Ro = 0.0067T -1.5855, r = 0.9996 (Ro > 0.6%). A kinetic interpretation of the characteristics of nitrogen and methane generation in humic coal during laboratory pyrolysis ind...

2008-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

461

A study on rf plasma nitriding at a constant power in different H_2-N_2 mixtures at different temperatures

Improvements in SISCOM II technology; Introduccion de Mejoras Tecnologicas en el SISCOM II

Austenitic stainless steel AISI 304 has been nitrided by radio frequency (rf) plasma containing various nitrogen-hydrogen gas mixtures, in order to study the effect of hydrogen on structure and magnetic properties of the formed compound layer. The thermal temperature has been measured at the vicinity of the samples. The compound layer thus produced has been characterized using, X-ray diffractometer and vibration sample magnetometer. Providing the total pressure of nitrogen and hydrogen is held constant, the addition of hydrogen up to 50% gives new structural phases. The magnetization values of the plasma treated samples are strongly dependent on the percentage of H_2 in the gas phase. An excessive amount of hydrogen (#approx#75%) on the other hand, retards the nitriding process. The surface temperature of the sample and plasma condition is crucial factors for nitriding process.

2006-04-15

462

Difference in prognostic factors between stage IB and II uterine cervical carcinoma patients treated with radical hysterectomy and postoperative radiation therapy

This document is the Final Report for the project Introduccion de Mejoras Tecnologicas en el SISCOM II, or Improvements in SISCOM II Technology. It consists of a brief description of the activities carried out during the project, and several Annexes that explain in a deeper way each result. SISCOM II is the main telemetry system currently in use in the Spanish underground coal mining, but it was developed ten years ago and needed a technological update, which was the objective of this project. The aims of the project were: To develop Hardware and Software for the Out stations currently used (maintenance developments) To design new hardware and software, easier to use in the current and new applications of SISCOM II Both objectives were met, although not in the way originally intended. The main results were: In the field of old Out stations update: A new set of boards for the old Out stations was ...

2000-07-01

463

The CDF II eXtremely Fast Tracker Upgrade

The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the difference in prognostic factors between stage IB and II uterine cervical carcinoma patients treated with postoperative radiation therapy. Between May 1988 and May 1998, a total of 94 patients including 47 patients with stage IB and 47 patients with stage II uterine cervical carcinoma were treated with postoperative radiation therapy at Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital. All patients were treated with 10 MV X-rays using an anterior-posterior parallel opposed field which covered the whole pelvis. Fractionation was 2 Gy per day, five fractions per week, to a total dose of 50 Gy. The 5-year overall survival rates of stage IB and II were 89.4% and 79.3%, respectively. In multivariate analysis for all patients, lymph node status, histology, and surgical margin status were recognized as prognostic factors. Limited to stage IB patients, lymph node status was the only ...

464

Technical design aspects of Feasibility Study-II

The CDF II eXtremely Fast Tracker (XFT) is the trigger processor which reconstructs charged particle tracks in the CDF II central outer tracking chamber. The XFT tracks are also extrapolated to the electromagnetic calorimeter and muon chambers and are associated to electromagnetic clusters and muon stubs to generate trigger electron and muon candidates. The steady increase of the Tevatron instantaneous luminosity and the resulting higher occupancy of the chamber demanded an upgrade of the original system, which performed tracking only in the transverse plane of the chamber and was consequently affected by a significant level of fake tracks. In the upgraded XFT, tracking is reinforced by using additional data from the stereo layers of the chamber to reduce the level of fake tracks and to perform three-dimensional track reconstruction. A review of this upgrade is presented.

2007-10-21

465

Some thoughts on the mechanism of cellular trapping of Cu(II)-ATSM

Feasibility Study-II examined a high-performance Neutrino Factory providing 1 x 10{sup 20} neutrinos per year aimed at a long-baseline detector. The Study was sponsored jointly by BNL and the Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration ration (MC) and is based on a 1 MW proton driver operating at 24 GeV, i.e., an upgraded version of the AGS accelerator. Compared with the earlier FNAL-sponsored study (Feasibility Study-I), there is a sixfold improvement in performance. Here we describe details of the implementation of Study-II concepts and discuss their efficacy. Alternative approaches that will be pursued in follow-on R and D activities are also described briefly.

2001-08-15

466

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Cu(II)-ATSM continues to be investigated, both in the laboratory and in the clinic, as a tumor hypoxia imaging agent. However, meaningful interpretation of these images requires a more complete understanding of the mechanism by which the tracer is trapped within the cell. Cu(II)-ATSM is a simple molecule and its biochemical interaction with cells is similarly simple, mainly based upon redox chemistry. Here we suggest that the trapping mechanism is biphasic. The first phase is a reduction/oxidation cycle involving thiols and molecular oxygen. This can be followed by interaction with proteins in the mitochondria leading to more permanent retention of the tracer. The uptake mechanism is complicated by this second step because of the changes in the cell resulting from hypoxia, such as an incre...

2010-01-01

467

Physicochemical investigation of the behavior of elements in chloride melts in the presence of solid phases based on phosphates of polyvalent elements. II. Behavior of strontium and barium

New High-Pressure Excitations in Parahydrogen

The distribution of the alkaline earth elements strontium and barium between the solid phases of phosphates of transition elements of group 4 and chloride melts was studied. The distribution coefficients of strontium and barium were found at T = 700-800/sup 0/C. Phosphates of the type NaM/sub 2//sup (IV)/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 3/, where M/sub (IV)/ represents titanium, zirconium, and hafnium, were used as the solid phases. It was established that there is an enrichment of the precipitates with the distributed components. The distribution coefficient depends on the nature of the solid phase and the temperature. It was suggested that M/sup (II)/ x M/sub 4//sup (IV)/(PO/sub 4/)/sub 6/ is formed in processes of distribution, where M/sup (II)/ represents Sr, Ba.

1987-07-01

468

Molecular structure of platinum(III) hydroxoacetates according to data from EXAFS spectra

Raman and infrared spectroscopy of para-H{sub 2} to pressures in excess of 200GPa and to 8K using new ultrapure synthetic diamond anvils reveals numerous new vibrational excitations in the three high-pressure phases. Highly resolved Raman-active librons indicate differences in orientational ordering between phasesII and III, including evidence for changes within phaseII. The librons in phaseIII are strongly pressure dependent and reflect a substantial increase in ordering with pressure. Multiple vibrons in all three phases (I, II, and III) are observed. The results place new bounds on predicted crystal structures and dynamics of the dense molecular solid. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

1998-01-01

469

Effects of retinoic acid on maturation of immature mouse oocytes in the presence and absence of a granulosa cell co-culture system

The EXAFS spectra of the platinum(III) complexes Pt/sub 4/(OAc)/sub 10/(OH)/sub 2/ (I) and Pt/sub 4/ (OAc)/sub 4/(OH)/sub 8/(H/sub 2/O)/sub 2/ (II) have been investigated. It has been found by a curve-fitting method and with the aid of Fourier transformations that the shortest Pt-Pt distances are 2.61 A in complex I and 2.36 and 2.6 A in II. The values of the bond lengths obtained are consistent with the molecular structures proposed for complexes I and II, which contain skeletons of four platinum atoms in the form of a square or a rectangle, as well as with the known literature data on the lengths of Pt-Pt bonds in Pt(III) complexes.

1986-04-01

470

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose Evaluation of the all-trans retinoic acid (t-RA) effects on in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of immature mouse oocytes in the presence and absence of granulosa cell monolayer. Methods Denuded oocytes isolated from mice ovaries and matured in IVM medium alone (Control I), IVM medium in the presence of granulosa cells (Control II), IVM medium with t-RA (Experimental I) and IVM medium simultaneously with t-RA and granulosa cells (Experimental II). After 24?h, matured oocytes were fertilized in T6 medium and their development was followed until the blastocyst stage. Metaphase II oocytes ploidy were evaluated by chromosome counting. Results The t-RA group compared to the control groups showed no obvious abnormalities. Additionally maturation and embryo developm...

2011-01-01

471

Chromatography of metal ions with a triazine chelating resin

Chiral Rings, Mirror Symmetry and the Fate of Localized Tachyons

The synthesis, characterization, and some analytical applications of a new triazine resin are described. Separation of group IB, IIB, VIB, and VIIB metal ions from group VIII metal ions is achieved by this PDT-4 resin. Calcium(II) and magnesium(II) are taken up at pH = 6, 0.1 M acetate and are eluted at pH = 6, 0.1 M sodium nitrate. Copper(II) is retained at pH = 6, 0.1 M acetate and pH = 1 hydrochloric acid and is eluted subsequently by 5 M perchloric acid. Molybdenum(VI) is sorbed selectively from 0.1 N sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid and is eluted in a tight band by 0.1 N sodium hydroxide. Numerous rapid column chromatographic separations are reported using this new resin, including analysis of NBS standard samples.

472

A phase II trial of sorafenib in first-line metastatic urothelial cancer: a study of the PMH Phase II Consortium

We study the localized tachyon condensation of non-supersymmetric orbifold backgrounds in their mirror Landau-Ginzburg picture. We first show that the R-charges of chiral primaries increase under the process of condensing the tachyon in the same chiral ring. Then, utilizing the existence of four copies of (2,2) worldsheet supersymmetry, we show that the minimal tachyon mass in twisted sectors increases in CFT and type 0 string and it plays the role of the c-function of the twisted sectors. We also study the GSO projection in detail and show that type II decays to only to type II while type 0 can mix with type 0 and II under the RG-flow.

2003-03-20

473

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary Background Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that blocks cell proliferation via the ERK pathway and angiogenesis via the VEGF pathway. This phase II trial was conducted to determine the efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib for the treatment of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (UC) who had not had prior chemotherapy for advanced disease. Patients and Methods Seventeen chemo-na?ve UC patients with adequate performance status and organ function were treated with sorafenib 400?mg twice daily on a continuous basis until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was objective tumor response rate as measured by RECIST criteria. Secondary endpoints included rate of prolonged stable disease (>3?months), time to progression, median and 1?yr survival and ...

2011-01-01

474

A computational approach to the electronic and optical properties of Ru(II) and Ir(III) polypyridyl complexes: Applications to DSC, OLED and NLO

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Ruthenium(II) and Iridium(III) polypyridyl complexes have been intensively investigated due to their use in energy conversion and light-emitting devices and materials for non-linear optics. Quantum mechanical computer simulations of molecules and materials have become increasingly popular in the scientific community. Along with experimental investigations, such computational analyses can provide complementary information on the electronic and optical properties of transition metal compounds of interest for optoelectronic applications. Here, we provide a unified review of recent work carried out on computational investigations of a large series of Ruthenium(II) and Iridium(III) polypyridyl complexes, discussing the relations between their electronic structure and optical properties and thei...

2011-01-01

475

Buried Paleo-Phreatic Playa is the Primary Source of Salinity in the Rio Grande and Rio Grande Aquifer, El Paso-Juarez Valley

The possible impact of atmospheric radioactive discharges from UK nuclear installations on acid deposition

The Rio Grande alluvial floodplain aquifer between El Paso/Juarez and Fort Quitman, Texas has been intensively tilled and irrigated since 1910. Almost since that time, the Rio Grande and its interconnected alluvial aquifer in this stream reach have been affected by excessive salinity problems. Presently, salinity of surface water and groundwater increases from 800 to 2000 mg/L total dissolved solids (TDS) near El Paso, Texas to 2500 to 5500 mg/L TDS near Fort Quitman, Texas, approximately 115 km downstream. Chloride (Cl) and Chloride/Bromide (Cl/Br) ratios increase downstream, with a marked increase in salinity beginning about 45 km below El Paso. Groundwater sampling in an intensively investigated reach of the floodplain aquifer, extending from 35 to 60 km below El Paso identified two distinct water types. The first water type (17 samples) is a relatively dilute groundwater containing 1000 to 2000 mg/L TDS, 250 to 600 mg/L Cl, and Cl/Br weight ratios of 550 to 900. The second ...

2005-12-01

476

Stable isotopes in plant nutrition, soil fertility and environmental studies

The effect of atmospheric radioactive emissions from United Kingdom nuclear installations on acid deposition is assessed. Nitrogen oxide and ozone production resulting from and associated with discharges of airborne radioactivity, comparison with conventional emissions, and the direct effects of radioactive emissions on trees, are all discussed. (UK).

477

Reducing Rice Seed Storage Protein Accumulation Leads to Changes in Nutrient Quality and Storage Organelle Formation¹^[W]^[OA]

The individual contributions in these proceedings are indexed separately. Main topics covered include the measurement of biological nitrogen fixation, studies of soil organic matter, investigations of nutrient uptake and use by plants, studies of plant metabolism and new methodologies in the analysis of stable isotopes. Refs, figs and tabs.

1990-10-01

478

Raman Under Nitrogen. The High-Resolution Raman Spectroscopy of Crystalline Uranocene, Thorocene, and Ferrocene

Rice (Oryza sativa) seed storage proteins (SSPs) are synthesized and deposited in storage organelles in the endosperm during seed maturation as a nitrogen source for germinating seedlings....Full Text Available

2010-12-01

479

Raman Under Nitrogen. The High-Resolution Raman Spectroscopy of Crystalline Uranocene, Thorocene, and Ferrocene

The utility of recording Raman spectroscopy under liquid nitrogen, a technique we call Raman Under Nitrogen (RUN), is demonstrated for ferrocene, uranocene and thorocene. Using RUN, low temperature (liquid nitrogen cooled) Raman spectra for these compounds exhibit higher resolution than previous studies and new vibrational features are reported. The first Raman spectra of crystalline uranocene at 77 K are reported using excitation from argon (5145 ) and krypton (6764 ) ion lasers. The spectra obtained showed bands corresponding to vibrational transitions at 212, 236, 259, 379, 753, 897, 1500, and 3042 cm-1 , assigned to ring-metal-ring stretching, ring-metal tilting, out-of-plane CCC bending, in-plane CCC bending, ring-breathing, C-H bending, CC stretching and CH stretching, respectively. The assigned vibrational bands are compared to those of uranocene in THF and thorocene. All vibrational frequencies of the ligands, ...

2004-02-08

480

Preparation of radiopharmaceuticals and labelled compounds using short-lived radionuclides

The utility of recording Raman spectroscopy under liquid nitrogen, a technique we call Raman Under Nitrogen (RUN), is demonstrated for ferrocene, uranocene and thorocene. Using RUN, low temperature (liquid nitrogen cooled) Raman spectra for these compounds exhibit higher resolution than previous studies and new vibrational features are reported. The first Raman spectra of crystalline uranocene at 77 K are reported using excitation from argon (5145 ) and krypton (6764 ) ion lasers. The spectra obtained showed bands corresponding to vibrational transitions at 212, 236, 259, 379, 753, 897, 1500, and 3042 cm-1 , assigned to ring-metal-ring stretching, ring-metal tilting, out-of-plane CCC bending, in-plane CCC bending, ring-breathing, C-H bending, CC stretching and CH stretching, respectively. The assigned vibrational bands are compared to those of uranocene in THF and thorocene. All vibrational frequencies of the ligands, ...

2004-02-08

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

481

Nuclear methods monitor nutrition

The subject is reviewed in sections, entitled: introduction (historical); sources of short-lived radionuclides; carbon-11; nitrogen-13; oxygen-15; fluorine-18; bromine-77; iodine-123; astatine-211; other radionuclides (including Ga-67, Ga-68, In-111, In-113m, Tc-99m, and Pb-203). (U.K.).

482

Nitrogen Fixation (C₂H₂ Reduction) by Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.) Nodules and Bacteroids under Water-Restricted Conditions ¹

Neutron activation of nitrogen and hydrogen in the body, the isotope dilution technique and the measurement of naturally radioactive potassium in the body are among the new nuclear methods, now under collaborative development by the Australian Nuclear Scientific and Technology Organization and medical specialists from several Sydney hospitals. These methods allow medical specialists to monitor the patient's response to various diets and dietary treatments in cases of cystic fibrosis, anorexia nervosa, long-term surgical trauma, renal diseases and AIDS. ills.

483

Moessbauer studies of the molybdenum-iron-protein in the nitrogenase of Xanthobacter autotrophicus GZ 29. Moessbaueruntersuchungen am Molybdaen-Eisen-Protein der Nitrogenase von Xanthobacter Autotrophicus GZ 29

Water potentials of leaves and nodules of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivated on a sandy mixture were linearly and highly (r² = 0.99) correlated throughout...Full Text Available

1990-03-01

484

Laser photochemical etching of molybdenum and tungsten thin films by surface halogenation

Biological cells of the nitrogen fixating bacteria Xanthobacter autotrophicus GZ 29 have been cultivated with 57-Fe, and from the nitrogenase of these cells the 57-Fe marked molybdenum-iron-protein is extracted. The Moessbauer spectra of this enzyme show that the structure of the iron cluster is similar to the structure in the molybdenum-iron-proteins of Azotobacter vinelandii, Klebsiella pneumoniae or Clostridium pasteurianum.

1983-05-01

485

LC-MS analysis in the e-beam and gamma radiolysis of metoprolol tartrate in aqueous solution: Structure elucidation and formation mechanism of radiolytic products

Laser direct-write etching of the refractory metals Mo and W was developed using reactions in chlorine and nitrogen trifluoride vapors. Rate and high spatial resolution are simultaneously optimized using a two-vapor halogenation/development sequence, based on surface modification. Local-area laser chlorination of the metal surface is used to predispose areas to subsequent bulk etching.

1986-12-01

486

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

E-beam and gamma products from the radiolysis of aqueous solutions of (+-)-metoprolol tartrate, saturated in nitrogen, are analyzed by HPLC with on-line mass and UV detectors. The structures of 10 radiolytic products common to e-beam and gamma irradiations are elucidated by comparing their fragmentation pattern to that of (+-)-metoprolol. Two of the radiolytic products are also metabolites. Different routes for the formation of the radiolytic products are proposed.

2006-01-01

487

Fractal dimensions of lanthanum ferrite samples by adsorption isotherm method

Fluxes of methane and nitrogen oxides in various boreal mire ecosystems. Effects of land-use activities and environmental changes

Fractal dimensions of three different samples of lanthanum ferrite were computed using single adsorption method. The fractal Dubinin-Radushkevitch isotherm was used to fit directly the experimental nitrogen adsorption data. Avnir-Jaroniec method for fractal dimension determination was also used. Low and intermediate fractal dimensions were obtained according to BET specific surface areas.

2003-12-30

488

Environmental and thermal efficiency benefits by use of RDF

Atmospheric impact of peatlands is a sum of their gas fluxes. In contrast to carbon dioxide, peatlands are net sources for methane (CH{sub 4}). Methane is an end product in the anaerobic decomposition processes and it has greater capacity to absorb infrared radiation than carbon dioxide. Most of the data on the CH{sub 4} release from northern peatlands is from North America. The total amount of methane released from wetlands is calculated to be 110 Tg yr{sup -1} of which 34 percent (38 Tg yr{sup -1}) is estimated to be emitted from the northern peatlands. Peat with high content of nitrogen is a potential source for gaseous nitrogen oxides, i.e. nitrous oxide (N{sub 2}O) and nitric oxide (NO). However, the importance of peatlands in producing these trace gases is poorly known. Nitrous oxide and nitric oxide are important components in the atmospheric chemistry and N{sub 2}O also is an effective greenhouse gas. Land-use activities and ...

1996-12-31

489

Elucidating novel pathways and regulation of nitrogen assimilation in alpha proteobacteria exemplified by the soil organism Paracoccus denitrificans

This paper presents a brief overview of refuse derived fuel (RDF) processing systems, and the different types of RDF. The quality of RDF, combustion of RDF in fluidized beds, and moving grate reactors, operating conditions, emissions (sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and hydrogen chloride) and thermal efficiency are discussed. (UK).

1994-05-01

490

Design study of copper toroidal field coils with bow shaping, demountable sliding joints, and active liquid-nitrogen cooling

DescriptionThe importance of inorganic nitrate for the nutrition and growth of marine and freshwater autotrophic phytoplankton has long been recognised, in particularly because of the 'blooms' formed in nitrate and phosphate polluted water and their possible roles as carbon dioxide sinks. By contrast, the utilisation of nitrate by heterotrophic bacteria has historically received less attention. Up until now, the primary role of heterotrophic bacteria has classically been considered to be the decomposition [continued...

2010-01-31

491

Depth Profiling of N and C in Ion Implanted ZnO and Si Using Deuterium Induced Nuclear Reaction Analysis

The motivation for this design study has been to identify magnet designs for useful magnetic fusion experiments which minimize capital cost. Some possibly useful novel design features have been identified. 5 refs., 6 figs., 3 tabs.

1996-06-16

492

Deforestation and leaching of nitrogen as nitrates into underground water in intertropical zones: The example of Cote d'Ivoire (the Ivory Coast)

Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) with deuteron ion beams has been used to probe for ion implanted nitrogen and carbon with high sensitivity in zinc oxide and silicon single crystals. The ion implanted N was measured using 1.4 MeV deuteron ion beams and was found to be in agreement with calculated values. The limit of detection for N in ZnO is 8x1014 ions cm-2. Raman measurements of the ion implanted samples showed three additional modes at 275, 504, and 644 cm-1 compared to the un-implanted ZnO crystals. The NRA and Raman results provided information on the N concentration, depth distribution, and structural changes that occur in dependence on the nitrogen ion fluences. The deuterium induced 12C(d,p)13C reaction was used to measure the carbon impurity/dose in ion implanted silicon. It was found that the use of a large cold shield (liquid nitrogen trap) in the ion implanter chamber greatly reduces the amount of carbon ...

2008-11-03

493

Complementation of areA- regulatory gene mutations of Aspergillus nidulans by the heterologous regulatory gene nit-2 of Neurospora crassa.

High nitrate contents (up to 200 mgl) has been observed in wells drilled into fractured aquifers lying beneath layers of weathered and decayed rock in the humid tropics where annual rainfall is over 1,000 mm and where there is no notable pollution. The source of the nitrates is linked mainly with localized deforestation by man.

494

Boron in nuclear medicine: New synthetic approaches to PET and SPECT. Final report, May 1, 1986--April 30, 1996

Loss-of-function mutations in the regulatory gene areA of Aspergillus nidulans prevent the utilization of a wide variety of nitrogen sources. The phenotypes of nit-2 mutants of Neurospora crassa suggest...Full Text Available

1987-06-01

495

Air quality annual report 1997; Lufthygienischer Jahresbericht 1997

Research is described in the development of organometallic reagents in which the boron was attached to a nonreactive organic or inorganic matrix such as polystyrene, silica, or alumina. We developed the synthesis of oxygen-15 labelled butanol, which has been found to be a valuable blood flow agent in humans. We have also developed a series of polymeric borane derivatives which were used to prepare nitrogen-13 labelled amines.

1997-08-01

496

Air pollutant emissions due to energy utilization in Turkey

The Bavarian Agency for Environmental Protection (LfU) is monitoring the air quality is several bavarian regions. The daily and monthly data of concentration ration of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, ozone and other pollutants are published in yearly reports, most often as diagrams with further statistica information.

1998-12-31

497

A gas chromatographic analysis of phosphine in biological material in a case of suicide

Pollutant emissions due to fossil fuel and biomass energy utilization in Turkey have been estimated. Standard emission factors were used for estimating the levels of particulate matter, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and aldehydes. The results are presented for different fuels and energy-consuming sectors for the reference year 1987. Total Turkish emissions vs energy consumption are presented for every fifth year since. 1960. (author).

498

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In a suicide committed using aluminium phosphide (AlP) the liberated toxic phosphine gas was detected in post-mortem specimens using a headspace gas chromatographic procedure with a nitrogen-phosphorous detector (HS-GC/NPD). At autopsy a direct sampling into airtight headspace vials for a later analysis is recommended. AlP has to be considered a potent pesticide and its use and availability should be restricted as much as possible.

2008-01-01

499

A critical review of the hypothesis that climate change is caused by carbon dioxide