International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The present work summarizes efforts on the simulation of natural convection cooling within the IFMIF target and test cell. The simulations have been performed with the STAR-CD code using the k-#omega# high-Reynolds number turbulence model. A dedicated thermohydraulic model has been devised including Lithium loop components. Nuclear heat production has been calculated by the Monte-Carlo code McDeLicious for different parts of the target and test cell walls and was used as input for the STAR-CD simulations. Helium atmospheres at several pressures from 0.1 to 10"-"5 MPa have been investigated. In order to limit the maximum temperature of the concrete walls to 80 deg. C it was necessary to add thermal insulation layers to the hot Lithium loop surfaces and a conceptual system of two cooling layers in different depths of the concrete walls.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes the specifications, conceptual design, prototype testing and operating experience of an oil-filled high voltage pulse transmission cable adapted from commercially available air-dielectric RF components. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's Advanced Test Accelerator (ATA) requires a method of transmitting 250kV, 70 nanosecond pulses from the power conditioning equipment to the accelerator. The oil-filled cable approach was chosen over alternative concepts because of its high voltage holding capacity, long life and flexibility. The criteria for cable and connector design are discussed. The results of prototype testing and performance of the final design are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In an effort to accelerate deployment of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) such as wind, solar, and conventional backup generators to our nation's electrical grid, Northern Power Systems (NPS), the California Energy Commission (CEC), and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) collaborated to create a prototype universal interconnect device called the DER Switch.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The advance in laser-plasma acceleration techniques pushes the regime of the resulting accelerated particles to higher energies and intensities. In particular the upcoming experiments with the FLAME laser at LNF will enter the GeV regime with almost 1nC of electrons. From the current status of understanding of the acceleration mechanism, relatively large angular and energy spreads are expected. There is therefore the need to develop a device capable to measure the energy of electrons over three orders of magnitude (few MeV to few GeV) under still unknown angular divergences. Within the PlasmonX experiment at LNF a spectrometer is being constructed to perform these measurements. It is made of an electro-magnet and a screen made of scintillating fibers for the measurement of the trajectories of the particles. The large range of operation, the huge number of particles and the need to focus the divergence present unprecedented ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The time and dose characteristics of the electron and X-ray radiations of a tube, connected to a subnanosecond mega volt accelerator, are measured. By the pulse of the accelerating voltage of #>=# 600 kV with duration of #approx =# 0.3 ns the tube generates approximately 5 x 10"1"2 electrons pulse. The current amplitude equals approximately 5 kA/pulse and the radiation dose-about 5 kGy/pulse. The X-ray radiation dose from the tantalum external target constitutes 0.15 Gy/pulse. The prototypes of the electron and X-ray tubes sufficiently lower volumes, opening new applications in the technique and medicine, are developed

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) now under construction at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory will use the 25-MV tandem accelerator for the acceleration of radioactive ion beams to energies appropriate for research in nuclear physics; negative ion beams are, therefore, required for injection into the tandem accelerator. Because charge exchange is an efficient means for converting initially positive ion beams to negative ion beams, both positive and negative ion sources are viable options for use at the facility; the choice of the type of ion source will depend on the overall efficiency for generating the radioactive species of interest. A high-temperature version of the CERN-ISOLDE positive ion source has been selected and a modified version of the source designed and fabricated for initial use at the HRIBF because of its low emittance, relatively high ionization efficiencies and species versatility, and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A novel compact CT-guided intensity modulated proton radiotherapy (IMPT) system is described. The system is being designed to deliver fast IMPT so that larger target volumes and motion management can be accomplished. The system will be ideal for large and complex target volumes in young patients. The basis of the design is the dielectric wall accelerator (DWA) system being developed at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). The DWA uses fast switched high voltage transmission lines to generate pulsed electric fields on the inside of a high gradient insulating (HGI) acceleration tube. High electric field gradients are achieved by the use of alternating insulators and conductors and short pulse times. The system will produce individual pulses that can be varied in intensity, energy and spot width. The IMPT planning system will optimize delivery characteristics. The system will be capable of being sited in a conventional linac vault ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Accelerator concepts for heavy-ion fusion require small emittance, high-current beams. Such applications could include funnels in which high-current, like-charged particle beams are interlaced to double beam current while retaining small emittances. The first experimental demonstration confirming the beam dynamics of the funnel principle was recently completed at Los Alamos National Laboratory. A single-leg prototype 5-MeV, H{sup {minus}} funnel was successfully tested. This single-beam demonstration explored physics issues of a two-beam funnel. It contained elements for emittance control, position control, and rf deflection, as well as diagnostics for measurement of beam intensity, position and angle centroids, energy and phase centroids, and transverse and longitudinal phase-space distributions. Results of the experiment will be presented along with comparisons to simulations. 7 refs., 5 figs.

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADA212558. Title : A Prototypical Implementation of Galahad: A Conceptual Modeling Language Using the Object Paradigm. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The personal neutron dosimetry becomes more important with the increasing use of nuclear and accelerator facilities. The solid state track detector, film badge and thermo-luminescent dosimeter have widely been used as passive-type personal neutron dosimeters, but the real-time neutron dosimeter is strongly needed. A real time personal dosimeter which could give neutron dose equivalent over wide energy range from thermal to 10 odd MeV by using two neutron sensors has been developed by our group. For practical commercial product, some changes from these prototype sensors have recently been done by Fuji Electric Co. Ltd. The purpose of this work is the final performance test of the dosimeter just before sale. We checked again about the sensitivity in the monoenergetic neutron field from 8 keV to 15 MeV and in the neutron fields around a few accelerator facilities. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility now under construction at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory will use the 25 MV tandem accelerator for the acceleration of radioactive ion beams to energies appropriate for research in nuclear physics; negative ion beams are, therefore, required for injection into the tandem accelerator. Because charge exchange is an efficient means for converting initially positive ion beams to negative ion beams, both positive and negative ion sources are viable options for use at the facility. The choice of the type of ion source will depend on the overall efficiency for generating the radioactive species of interest. Although direct-extraction negative ion sources are clearly desirable, the ion formation efficiencies are often too low for practical consideration; for this situation, positive ion sources, in combination with charge exchange, are the logical choice. The high-temperature version ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A family of industrial irradiators is being developed by AECL to cover an electron-beam energy range from 5 to 18 MeV at beam powers between 20 and 250 kW. The IMPELA family of irradiators is designed for push button, reliable operation. The major irradiator components are modular, allowing for later upgrades to meet increased demands in either electron or X-ray mode. Interface between the control system, irradiator availability and dose quality assurance is in conformance with the most demanding specifications. The IMPELA irradiators use a klystron-driven, standing-wave, L-band accelerator structure with direct injection from a rugged, triode electron gun. Direct control of the accelerating field during the beam pulse ensures constant output beam energy, independent of beam power. The first member of the family, the IMPELA 10/50 (10 MeV, 50 kW), is in the final stages of assembly at Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories. The IMPELA 10/50 is ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Among others, one of the main activities in the Nuclear Engineering and Fluid Mechanics Department of the Engineering School in Bilbao, is the study of liquid metals behavior. And for this purpose the CFD code FLUENT is being used. Currently, the code is being applied to the use of Lead-Bismuth eutectic (LBE) as the coolant of an accelerator driven system (ADS) and also as the target for a neutron source. In this paper, ANSALDO's Energy Amplifier Demonstration Facility is simulated, paying attention only on the coolant. As it will be later explained, natural convection is a very important issue, because the philosophy for safety systems in nuclear devices tends to consider passive technologies. The purpose is to avoid electrical machines like pumps, so the core should remain coolable, even if there is a blackout. To get this natural circulation, heat transfer plays a main role, and as turbulence enhances the heat transfer, it is important to choose a good ...

Science.gov (United States)

A comparative analysis between conventional passive twin tube dampers and skyhook-controlled magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) dampers for motorcycle front suspensions is provided, based on single axis testing in a damper test rig and suspension performance testing in road trials. Performance motorcycles, while boasting extremely light suspension components and competition-ready performance, have an inherent weakness in comfort, as the suspension systems are designed primarily for racing purposes. Front suspension acceleration and shock loading transmit directly through the front suspension triple clamp into the rider's arms and shoulders, causing rapid fatigue in shoulder muscles. Magneto-rheological fluid dampers and skyhook control systems offer an alternative to conventional sport motorcycle suspensions - both performance and comfort can be combined in the same package. Prototype MRF dampers designed and manufactured specifically for this ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short communication.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

At the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe the HGF Strategy Fund project entitled 'Innovative Technology to Reduce Radiotoxicity' is performed which delivers an essential scientific contribution to the application oriented fundamental research for Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS). The addressed topics are in the areas of heavy liquid metal technology, thermalhydraulics and materials / corrosion. An ADS consists of three main components: an proton accelerator, a spallation target and a subcritical blanket. The strategic objective of an ADS is the transmutation of long-lived radioactive waste (plutonium, minor actinides and long-lived fission products) into short-lived isotopes or stable elements, thus closing the fuel cycle. The objective of one task of the HGF Strategy Fund Project is the numerical calculation of a closed spallation target module. In a consequent next step such a spallation target can be experimentally investigated at IKET and the ...

CERN Document Server

A Bragg curve ionization chamber for acceleration mass spectrometry

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

After several years of planning and workshop meetings, a decision was reached in late 2008 to organize PICMG xTCA for Physics Technical Subcommittees to extend the ATCA and MTCA telecom standards for enhanced system performance, availability and interoperability for physics controls and applications hardware and software. Since formation in May-June 2009, the Hardware Technical Subcommittee has developed a number of ATCA, ARTM, AMC, MTCA and RTM extensions to be completed in mid-to-late 2010. The Software Technical Subcommittee is developing guidelines to promote interoperability of modules designed by industry and laboratories, in particular focusing on middleware and generic application interfaces such as Standard Process Model, Standard Device Model and Standard Hardware API. The paper describes the prototype design work completed by the lab-industry partners to date, the timeline for hardware releases to PICMG for approval, and the status of the software ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The main physical processes allowing negative ion production by surface sputtering for further acceleration in tandem acceleration are briefly reviewed. The sputtering yield and the probability of negative ion ejection are discussed. The properties of negative ion beams for an efficient acceleration in tandem accelerators are also discussed, with an emphasis on space charge problems. The main features and performances of the heavy negative ion injector of the Bucharest tandem accelerator are given.

Science.gov (United States)

... type. Sonic's digital libraries will provide a cross mapping between the narrative (speech and text) and imagery domains. ...

Science.gov (United States)

The objective of the program is to develop a domestic cooktop with low NOx emissions and higher efficiency. During the first phase of the program, a developmental prototype incorporating four IR-Jet burners was assembled. The report describes the work performed during the second phase of the program and covers optimization, and testing of the developmental prototype and design, fabrication and testing of the field-test prototype.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abstract not provided

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The MTX explored the plasma heating effects of 140 GHz microwaves from both Gyrotrons and from the IMP FEL wiggler. The Gyrotron was long pulse length (0.5 seconds maximum) and the FEL produced short-pulse length, high-peak power, single and burst modes of 140 GHZ microwaves. Full-power operations of the IMP FEL wiggler were commenced in April of 1992 and continued into October of 1992. The Experimental Test Accelerator H (ETA-II) provided a 50-nanosecond, 6-MeV, 2--3 kAmp electron beam that was introduced co-linear into the IMP FEL with a 140 GHz Gyrotron master oscillator (MO). The FEL was able to amplify the MO signal from approximately 7 kW to peaks consistently in the range of 1--2 GW. This microwave pulse was transmitted into the MTX and allowed the exploration of the linear and non-linear effects of short pulse, intense power in the MTX plasma. Single pulses were used to explore and gain operating experience in the parameter space of the IMP FEL, and finally ...

Science.gov (United States)

Mar 1, 2011... Science Research; Atmospheric Correction Prototype Algorithm for High ... spaceborne (Hyperion) and airborne (AVIRIS) hyperspectral data. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report provides a detailed description of, and the baseline assumptions and simulation results for, the building prototype simulations conducted for the building types designated in the Work Plan for Demand-side Management Assessment of Hawaii`s Demand-Side Resources (HES-4, Phase 2). This report represents the second revision to the initial building prototype description report provided to DBEDT early in the project. Modifications and revisions to the prototypes, based on further calibration efforts and on comments received from DBEDT Staff have been incorporated into this final version. These baseline prototypes form the basis upon which the DSM measure impact estimates and the DSM measure data base were developed for this project. This report presents detailed information for each of the 17 different building prototypes developed for use with the DOE-21E program (23 ...

Science.gov (United States)

... was released and three prototype contracts were awarded by TACOM on 18 January 1989, to General Motors Corporation, PACCAR, and Osh Kosh ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Recall from visual memory is vulnerable to the influence of task-irrelevant information, including the remembered, prototypical value of stimuli seen previously. Wilken...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Optimization of radiation shielding for a medium energy accelerator with 60 MeV alpha ions is carried out using the cost-benefit approach. Cost optimum shield thicknesses are estimated for different operating conditions of the accelerator. (author). 5 refs, 1 tab.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A general model for wakefield-generated instabilities in linear accelerators, originally developed for cumulative beam breakup [1], is applied to the resistive wall instability. The general solution for various bunch charge distributions and application to various accelerator configurations are presented.

CERN Document Server

Proposal for the award of a blanket purchase contract for the supply of electronics subracks for the CERN accelerator control system

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The major projects of the Los Alamos National Laboratory's Accelerator Technology Division are discussed, covering activities that occurred during the first six months of calendar 1982.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

At DORIS II/HASYLAB a vertical beam position control system is in regular operation. It controls the position and angle of a photon beam simultaneously, and can stabilize beam movements up to frequencies of 0.1 Hz. To suppress beam vibrations up to 50 Hz and above, a prototype beam stabilization system for these frequencies was built and tested successfully. The present beam oscillations at the HASYLAB beamlines are explained, the quality of the beam position control system and the results of the prototype test are presented.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K measured in bauxite waste, local building materials, and soils are presented and used in model equations to estimate the effective gamma dose-equivalent increments over background in the center of a standard-sized room in a prototype house. Calculated and measured values compare reasonably well.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The design of a 345-kV prefabricated capacitive-graded joint for oil-filled cables and the manufacture and testing of prototype joints are described. Tests on prototype No. 4 demonstrated the adequacy of the printed circuit design. It was not possible to consistently obtain high-quality capacitive sheets and substantial effort is required to remedy this problem. Advantages of these prefabricated joints are summarized, and specific recommendations are made for further development of the concept.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We review the status of free electron laser (FEL) research being conducted at LBL and LLNL as part of a broader program of research on two beam accelerators (TBAs). Induction accelerator-driven FELs for use as power sources for high-gradient accelerators are discussed, along with preliminary cost estimates for this type of power source. Finally, a promising new version of an FEL/TBA is described. 25 refs., 1 fig., 3 tabs.

Science.gov (United States)

... in ATCM Recommendation XIV-2. The USAP's materials and waste management efforts are consistent with ...

Wastenet

aged gracefully: premature and accelerated corro - sion, erosion, and stress are raising maintenance costs.Last

Science.gov (United States)

One of the more-serious side effects of extended space flight is an accelerated bone loss

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In Korea, the Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP) is building a proton linear accelerator facility with energy up to 100MeV and a beam current of 20mA. In this study, a radiation field after shutdown in the accelerator facility of the PEFP was evaluated for the purpose of the radiation shielding by using MCNPX code. A facility modeling was performed for the accelerator tunnel building, accelerator chain, target rooms and beam experiment hall. And radiation source terms were evaluated in the facility. With this facility, model and radiation source terms, the concentration of 41Ar was evaluated and the cooling time satisfying regulation in Korea was calculated.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The International Linear Collider (ILC) and other proposed high energy e{sup +}e{sup -} machines aim to measure with unprecedented precision Standard Model quantities and new, not yet discovered phenomena. One of the main requirements for achieving this goal is a measurement of the incident beam energy with an uncertainty close to 10{sup -4}. This article presents the analysis of data from a prototype energy spectrometer commissioned in 2006-2007 in SLAC's End Station A beamline. The prototype was a 4-magnet chicane equipped with beam position monitors measuring small changes of the beam orbit through the chicane at different beam energies. A single bunch energy resolution close to 5 {center_dot} 10{sup -4} was measured, which is satisfactory for most scenarios. We also report on the operational experience with the chicane-based spectrometer and suggest ways of improving its performance.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The collaboration between the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), started in 1979, has led to the development of an advanced c-w microtron accelerator design. The four 2380-MHz NBS accelerating structures, containing a total of 184 accelerating cavities, have been fabricated and delivered. New fabrication methods, coupled with refinements of hydrogen-furnace brazing techniques described in this paper, allow efficient production of side-coupled structures. Success with the NBS RTM led to Los Alamos efforts on similar 2450-MHz accelerators for the microtron accelerator operated by the Nuclear Physics Department of the University of Illinois. Two accelerators (each with 17 cavities) have been fabricated; in 1986, a 45-cavity accelerator is being fabricated by private industry with some assistance from Los ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The program goals for the first quarter were to located and contact potential manufacturers of these components, evaluate their level of interest, and begin discussions of the type and design of the prototypes to be fabricated for their evaluation. Thoughtful discussion at this stage would result in fabricating prototypes which answer the greatest number of questions possible for a given manufacturer at the lowest cost to this program. In the present economy many manufacturing firms have almost no funds for testing and evaluating new materials. This places a greater burden on the data obtained from outside laboratories. In many cases this data will be used to make that first evaluation on MRCC`s (metal reinforced carbon composites) suitability for a given application and give firms the confidence to commit to a evaluation program. In Exhibit 1, which is attached to this report the authors have the first set of data from outside laboratories. ...

Science.gov (United States)

The commercial potential of the 17 m, 100 kW Darrieus Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) is discussed. Long term testing is in progress. As the first commercially adapted Darrieus turbines built by DOE, the superior cost, structural integrity, and output characteristics demonstrated by the prototypes appear particularly promising.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus that cost nearly 800 lives. While there have been no recent outbreaks of the disease, the threat...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A prototype detector based on the inclined absorber layer principle is introduced. For the Liquids Reflectometer at the Spallation Neutron Source, it is shown to be a significant improvement over its current detector, which imposes an instantaneous count rate limitation of 50 kcps.

Science.gov (United States)

The objective of the program is to develop a domestic cooktop with low-NOx emissions and high efficiency. During the first two phases of the program, three design concepts were developed, and two versions of developmental prototypes using the IR-Jet approach were fabricated and tested. The third phase was initiated to address the design issues of burner turndown and modulation and to conduct the field test of a prototype with one IR-Jet and three conventional burners. Two prototypes containing one IR-Jet and three conventional burners and utilizing blower speed control for air/gas modulation were fabricated. One unit employed a brushless dc motor and the other a 2-pole ac motor. The ac motor prototype was field tested. Field testing showed the need for a mechanical air/gas valve for modulation and for a 1500 Btu/hr simmer setting. A 4-inch-diameter stepped-tile configuration provided input rates from ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundMimivirus, a giant dsDNA virus infecting Acanthamoeba, is the prototype of the mimiviridae family, the latest addition to the family of the nucleocytoplasmic...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In future experiments the readout electronics for pixel detectors is required to be resistant to a very high radiation level. In this paper we report on irradiation tests performed on several preFPIX2 prototype pixel readout chips for the BTeV experiment exposed to a 200 MeV proton beam. The prototype chips have been implemented in commercial 0.25 {micro}m CMOS processes following radiation tolerant design rules. The results show that this ASIC design tolerates a large total radiation dose, and that radiation induced Single Event Effects occur at a manageable level.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Staff exchanges, such as the one described in this report, are intended to facilitate communication and collaboration among scientists and engineers at DOE laboratories, in US industry, and academia. During the past 5 years, PNL has developed prototype instrumentation to automate the data collection required for electrochemical determination of corrosion rates and behavior of materials in various electrically conductive environments. The last version is labeled the Sentry 100 prototype corrosion data scanner. Applications include these in the pulp and paper industry and at hazardous waste sites.

Science.gov (United States)

The objective of the program was to develop a domestic cooktop with low-NOx emissions and high efficiency. During the first two phases of the program, three design concepts were developed, and two versions of developmental prototypes using the IR-Jet approach were fabricated and tested. The third phase was initiated to address the design issues of a simmer setting, air/gas metering, and jet plate durability and to develop prototypes for interested manufacturers.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper describes the design of PMT readout module for detector prototype of Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. According to the design requirements of the readout module, the basic structure of the readout module is discussed. This paper also discusses how to realize the charge measurement and time measurement and data processing using a high performance FPGA. The DAQ system including three readout modules and one trigger module are well commissioned and doing data taking now. (authors)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Several compact proton accelerator systems for use in proton therapy have recently been proposed. Of paramount importance to the development of such an accelerator system is the maximum kinetic energy...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A linear induction accelerator that produces a beam of energetic heavy ions (T -- 10 GeV, A -- 200 amu) is a prime candidate as a driver for an inertial fusion power plant. Some early perceptions were that heavy-ion drive fusion would not be cost-competitive with other power sources because of the high cost of the accelerators. However, improved understanding of the physics of heavy-ion transport and acceleration (supported by experimental results), combined with advances in accelerator technology, have resulted in accelerator design costs -- 50% of previous estimates. As a result, heavy-ion drive fusion power plants are now projected to be cost-competitive with other conceptual fusion power plants. A brief formulation of transport and acceleration physics is presented here, along with a description of the induction Linac cost optimization code LIACEP. Cost ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes the needs, reasoning, approaches, and technical details to establish a practical accelerated weathering test (AWT) protocol for indoor testing of the photothermal stability of encapsulation materials and encapsulated solar cells and minimodules.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The validation parameters for pharmaceutical analyses were examined for the accelerator mass spectrometry measurement of ¹⁴C/C ratio, independent of chemical separation procedures....Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

There are several on-going projects of e"+e"- colliders. If they are constructed, we can convert them into photon-photon (#gamma#-#gamma#) colliders by converting electron beams into #gamma# beams, irradiating laser beams just before the interaction point. In this report we discuss the technical issues on the accelerator.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) and the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) are promoting the joint project integrating both the Neutron Science Project (NSP) of JAERI and the Japan Hadron Facility Project (JHF) of KEK for comprehensive studies on basic science and technology using high-intensity proton accelerator. This document describes the joint project prepared by the Joint Project Team of JAERI and KEK to construct accelerators and research facilities necessary both for the NSP and the JHF at the site of JAERI Tokai Establishment. It was originally written in English and translated into Japanese with some corrections. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... beam monitoring betatrons delay circuits errors fluctuations gamma radiation

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(Sep 1973). United Kingdom Sinanoglu, O. Luken, W. Yale Univ., New Haven,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The motivation for using a tandem electrostatic accelerator as an electron accelerator for a free electron laser (FEL) is presented. The adaptation of the HVEC EN tandem at the Weizmann Institute for this purpose, electron beam optics and nonlinear FEL computation relevant for this FEL realization are described. In the tandem configuration the terminal is held at a positive potential. The electron beam is accelerated from ground potential to the terminal in one beam tube and then decelerated down the other beam tube. The FEL wiggler and cavity are at the terminal. Due to the beam energy recovery this scheme produces a high power beam at the terminal with a small investment in electrical power. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

(Jun 1984). United States Clough, RL Gillen, KT Sandia Nat'l Laboratories

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Tthe acceleration of a liquid from a cylindrical container by the products of instantaneous detonation of a superimposed explosive charge (implosion method) is studies numerically in a two-dimensional formulation. Analytical formulas for the asymptotic velocities of liquid expansion and acceleration of the container body were obtained using numerical calculations in a one-dimensional approximation. The effect of the fracture of the body on the velocity of liquid expansion was studied in a two-dimensional formulation.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The original purpose of this research was an investigation into the use of slow space charge waves on weakly relativistic electron beams for ion acceleration. The work had three main objectives namely, the development of a suitable ion injector, the growth and study of the properties of slow space charge waves on an electron beam, and a combination of the two components parts into a suitable proof of principle demonstration of the wave accelerator. This work focusses on the first two of these objectives.

Science.gov (United States)

We consider a unified model of Fe ion acceleration in the solar corona. The model comprises charge-changing processes, Coulomb energy losses, and both regular and stochastic acceleration. At a given acceleration scenario, the type of acceleration is found to have a minor effect on the mean charge states, but the shapes of the charge-state distributions produced by regular acceleration and by stochastic acceleration are different. During a continual acceleration at coronal temperatures, iron ions typically follow rising trajectories on the charge-energy plane. These trajectories are situated below the mean equilibrium charge curve defined from the balance of ionization and recombination at fixed energy. During stopping, the iron ions cross the equilibrium charge curve and run through a series of charge states above the mean equilibrium charge ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Purpose. To validate a protocol for creating virtual models to be used in the construction of solid prototypes useful for the planning-simulation of maxillo-facial surgery, in particular for very complex anatomical and pathologic problems. To optimize communications between the radiology, engineering and surgical laboratories. Methods and materials. We studied 16 patients with different clinical problems of the maxillo-facial district. Exams were performed with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and single slice computed tomography (SDCT) with axial scans and collimation of 0.5-2 mm, and reconstruction interval of 1 mm. Subsequently we performed 2D multiplanar reconstructions and 3D volume-rendering reconstructions. We exported the DICOM images to the engineering laboratory, to recognize and isolate the bony structures by software. With these data the solid prototypes were generated using stereolitography. To date, surgery has been ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fast Test Reactor core internal and peripheral components were assessed for flow-induced vibrational characteristics under scaled and simulated prototype flow conditions in the Hydraulic Core Mockup as an integral part of the Fast Test Reactor Vibration Program. The Hydraulic Core Mockup was an 0.285 geometric scale model of the Fast Test Reactor internals designed to simulate prototype vibrational and hydraulic characteristics. Using water to simulate sodium coolant, vibrational characteristics were measured and determined for selected model components over the scaled flow range of 36 to 110%. Additionally, in-situ shaker tests were conducted on selected Hydraulic Core Mockup outlet plenum components to establish modal characteristics. Most components exhibited resonant response at all test flow rates; however, the measured dynamic response was neither abnormal nor anomalously flow-rate dependent, and the predicted ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), acting for the US Department of Energy (DOE), contracts for and administers programs for the purpose of promoting the development and commercialization of large scale, transportable battery energy storage systems. Under DOE Co-Op Agreement No. DE-FC04-94AL99852, SNL has contracted for the development and delivery of an initial prototype 250 kW bridge that becomes an integral subsystem of a 2 MW/10 Second System that can be used by utility customers to protect power sensitive equipment from power disturbances. Development work includes field installation and testing of the prototype unit at a participating utility site for extended product testing with subsequent relocation to an industrial or commercial participating utility customer site for additional evaluation. The program described by the referenced document calls for cost sharing with the successful bidder and eventual title transfer to the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Measurements are presented of indoor radon levels made in a prototype house constructed partly of bauxite waste (red mud) and partly of conventional materials. The mud used contains higher than the average amounts of "2"2"6Ra and "2"3"2Th found in local building materials. The rates of exhalation of radon from the material used in the construction of the house are measured and employed with measured air change rates to make estimates of the average contribution of the various materials to the measured radon levels indoors. There is fairly good agreement between the two. The increment of radon related dose equivalents above background are also estimated and these are combined with previously determined gamma dose equivalents and used as a basis for assessing the acceptability of the practice of using red mud as a building material. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A major new initiative to develop and irradiate a long-lived, mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel system in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) has been implemented by Westinghouse Hanford Company for the U.S. Department of Energy. The purpose of this new fuel system, called the core demonstration experiment (CDE), is to demonstrate the capability of achieving a 3-yr life in a prototypical, heterogeneous reactor environment under prototypical power and temperature conditions. Ten fuel and six blanket CDEs are establishing the performance characteristics of entire fuel assemblies of wire-wrapped, large-diameter, annular-pellet, advanced MOX fuel pins with the tempered martensitic HT-9 alloy cladding and end caps, HT-9 wire wrap, and an HT-9 duct in a heterogeneous array with the blanket assemblies. The CDE performance characteristics are confirming the basis for design, fabrication, and irradiation of the CDE.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is very important to develop the design guidelines which can be applicable for Korean operators for the purpose of designing the KSNP more safely. The objective of this project is to provide the standards, guidelines and bases applicable for HF-010 through the within-subject experiment for obtaining Korean operators' population stereotype for direction-of-movement of controls associated with displays on the control panels. Through the survey of researches on display compatibility and the classification of types of displays and controls in the main control room of Uljin units 3 and 4, methods for an experiment on the stereotype were established. Experimental interface prototypes for a total of 108 combinations of display and control types were implemented. Experimental data collection and analysis system was built in association with the interface prototypes. The experiment was performed with participation of 250 students as ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A major new initiative to develop and irradiate a long-life mixed oxide fuel system in the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) has been implemented by the Westinghouse Hanford Company at the Hanford Engineering Development Lab. for the US Dept. of Energy. The purpose of this new fuel system, called the Core Demonstration Experiment (CDE), is to demonstrate the capability of achieving a 3-yr life in a prototypical heterogeneous reactor environment under prototypical power and temperature conditions. Three Core Demonstration Lead Experiments (CDLEs) will establish the performance characteristics of entire fuel assemblies of wire-wrapped, large diameter, advanced oxide fuel pins with HT-9 stainless steel alloy cladding and wire wrap and an HT-9 duct. Their performance characteristics provided the basis for design, fabrication, and irradiation of the CDE.

CERN Document Server

The quantum nature of the electromagnetic field imposes a fundamental limit on the sensitivity of optical precision measurements such as spectroscopy, microscopy, and interferometry. The so-called quantum limit is set by the zero-point fluctuations of the electromagnetic field, which constrain the precision with which optical signals can be measured. In the world of precision measurement, laser-interferometric gravitational wave (GW) detectors are the most sensitive position meters ever operated, capable of measuring distance changes on the order of 10^-18 m RMS over kilometer separations caused by GWs from astronomical sources. The sensitivity of currently operational and future GW detectors is limited by quantum optical noise. Here we demonstrate a 44% improvement in displacement sensitivity of a prototype GW detector with suspended quasi-free mirrors at frequencies where the sensitivity is shot-noise-limited, by injection of a squeezed state of light. This ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radiation-and-thermal-combined degradation of ethylene-propylene rubber (EP rubber) and chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM) as cable insulating and jacketing materials were evaluated by accelerated aging tests and a method to assess the lifetime of these materials under practical application was studied. EP rubber and CSM of experimental formulation were degraded at accelerated rates, that are 50 #approx# 1000 times the degradation rate under a standard condition (1Gy/h, 50degC). The degradation was investigated by measuring the tensile properties. In the accelerated aging tests, rates of elongation decrease owing to degradation for both EP rubber and CSM were in proportion to increase in accelerated rate. Behaviors of elongation changes showed little difference with accelerated rate. EP rubber lifetime estimated from sequential aging test had a tendency to extend beyond that from ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study was conducted under the auspices of the Coordinating Research Council, Inc. (CRC) to assess the potential effects of gasoline octane quality on vehicle acceleration performance. Twelve participating laboratories, representing both the oil and the automotive industries, tested a total of 182 vehicles as part of the 1989 CRC Octane Number Requirement Survey. The vehicles consisted of 78 with electronic knock control systems and 104 without. All testing was performed using the 1989/1990 CRC FBRU fuel series. The results showed that acceleration performance of vehicles with knock sensors was significantly affected by gasoline octane quality. Octane effects on acceleration performance were most pronounced at maximum-throttle (detent) conditions and at octane levels below the vehicles' octane requirements; however, some knock-sensor vehicles did show improved acceleration performance with ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The field of ion acceleration to higher energies has grown rapidly in the last years. Many new facilities as well as substantial upgrades of existing facilities have extended the mass and energy range of available beams. Perhaps more significant for the long-term development of the field has been the expansion in the applications of these beams, and the building of facilities dedicated to areas outside of nuclear physics. This review will cover many of these new developments. Emphasis will be placed on accelerators with final energies above 50 MeV/amu. Facilities such as superconducting cyclotrons and storage rings are adequately covered in other review papers, and so will not be covered here.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper describes the results obtained from two large experimental facilities built at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, NM. FLAME (Flame Acceleration Measurements and Experiments) is a large horizontal rectangular channel designed to study flame acceleration, transition to detonation, simulation of combustion in containment geometries, component heating, and other problems in hydrogen combustion relevant to reactor safety. The Heated Detonation Tube has been designed to study detonations in hydrogen-air-steam mixtures. Both facilities have been in operation for just over a year. 12 figures.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A one parameter family of iterative methods for the simultaneous approximation of simple complex zeros of a polynomial, based on a cubically convergent Hansen-Patricks family, is studied. We show that the convergence of the basic family of the fourth order can be increased to five and six using Newtons and Halleys corrections, respectively. Since these corrections use the already calculated values, the computational efficiency of the accelerated methods is significantly increased. Further acceleration is achieved by applying the Gauss-Seidel approach (single-step mode). One of the most important problems in solving nonlinear equations, the construction of initial conditions which provide both the guaranteed and fast convergence, is considered for the proposed accelerated family. These cond...

Science.gov (United States)

and propels the projectile to a velocity sufficient to reach ..... CLF3 + N2 4 .... 5 inches or greater accelerates a finned projectile to the veloc ...

Science.gov (United States)

We study a two-level atom in interaction with a real massless scalar quantum field in a spacetime with a reflecting boundary. The presence of the boundary modifies the quantum fluctuations of the scalar field, which in turn modifies the radiative properties of atoms. We calculate the rate of change of the mean atomic energy of the atom for both inertial motion and uniform acceleration. It is found that the modifications induced by the presence of a boundary make the spontaneous radiation rate of an excited inertial atom oscillate near the boundary and this oscillatory behavior may offer a possible opportunity for experimental tests for geometrical (boundary) effects in flat spacetime. While for accelerated atoms, the transitions from ground states to excited states are found to be possible even in a vacuum due to changes in the vacuum fluctuations induced by both the presence of the boundary and the acceleration of atoms, ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A report on the Wellcome Trust/Cold Spring Harbor Genome Informatics meeting, Cold Spring Harbor, USA, 7-11 May 2003.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A design of a compact free-electron laser (FEL), generating ultra-fast, high-peak flux, XUV pulses is presented. The FEL is driven by ahigh-current, 0.5 GeV electron beam from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) laser-plasma accelerator, whose active acceleration length is only a few centimeters. The proposed ultra-fast source (~;;10 fs) would be intrinsically temporally synchronized to the drive laser pulse, enabling pump-probe studies in ultra-fast science. Owing to the high current (>10 kA) of the laser-plasma-accelerated electron beams, saturated output fluxes are potentially greater than 10^13 photons/pulse. Devices based both on self-amplified spontaneous emission and high-harmonic generated input seeds, to reduce undulator length and fluctuations, are considered.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Modern day accelerator development encompasses a myriad technologies required for their diverse needs. Whereas RF, high voltage, vacuum, cryogenics etc., technologies meet their functional requirements, high finish lapping processes, ceramic-metal joining, oven brazing, spark erosion or wire cutting etc., are a must to meet their fabrication requirements. Electromagnetic (EM) forming technique falls in the latter category and is developed as a special technology. It is currently catering to the development as a nuclear reactor technology, but has the potential to meet accelerator requirements too. This paper highlights the general principle of its working, simple design guidelines, advantages, and suggests some specific areas where this could benefit accelerator technologies

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Mini-LIA is a miniature of a linear induction accelerator developed by China Academy of Engineering Physics and Tsinghua University in 2007. It has been constructed with a thermionic cathode in an electron injector and a metglas core in the induction accelerator cavities. A double-pulsed electron beam was produced for the first time in China on the Mini-LIA with a thermionic cathode in the electron gun and a metglas core in the induction accelerator cavities. A double-pulsed beam current of more than 1.1A was obtained on condition of 80 kV double-pulsed high voltage produced by pulsed power system supplying to the injector and accelerating modules. Some primary experiments for measuring the parameters of Mini-LIA has been performed, and some beam characterizations of Mini-LIA are presented. Further improvement is underway. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

FELs require tight control of the amplitudes and phase of the fields in two linear accelerator tanks to obtain stable lasing. The accelerator control loops must establish constant, stable, repeatable amplitudes and phases of the rf fields and must have excellent bandwidth to control high-frequency noise components. A model of the feedback loops has been developed that agrees well with measurements and allows easy substitution of components and circuits, thus reducing breadboarding requirements. The model permits both frequency and time-domain analysis. The accelerator control scheme and model are described and the control of noise in feedback loops is discussed, showing how low-frequency-noise components (errors) can be corrected, but high-frequency-noise components (errors) are actually amplified by the feedback circuit. Measurements of noise in both open- and closed-loop modes is shown and comparison is made with results ...

Wastenet

added to provide resistance to UV degradation, and vulcanization control. ...Sulphur is used to vulcanize the rubber ...additives and solvents age resistors, processing aids, accelerators, vulcanizing agents, softeners and fillers

Science.gov (United States)

magnet research at several national laboratories through its Advanced Accelerator Technology Program. The HEP Conductor Development Program, a collaboration among national...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An overview of the developments and designs of electric cars is given. It can be concluded that the numbers of electric-powered vehicles in the world, presented by different companies, are confusing and that it is very difficult to categorize the electric cars because of the many different prototypes under development sofar. Also an introduction is given on the engine technology of such cars. Attention is paid to the direct current (DC) motor, the induction motor, the brushless DC-motor, and the synchronous motor. 2 figs., 4 ills., 35 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recent developments in design and production of thermal neutron detectors based on a crystalline Si diode coupled to a Gd converter are reviewed. The most significant results of neutron test measurements carried out on prototype systems and pointing out the performances of the device are reported. Progress through various detection schemes and technological solutions for the production of a real time neutron counter for routine operation are outlined.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Biogas-Compost Technology is being experimented in several research centers in Burkina Faso. This technology is about putting up prototypes in order to allow the use of fermentation products. Research on how to operate such technology, no matter small irrigation or domestic energy, has enabled the evaluation of the biogas-compost production and consumption. The implementation of such technology has made possible the agronomic valorization of fermentation residues, the improvement of the process of gas production, and the decrease of installation costs.

Wastenet

... Three prototype reactors were constructed and the photocatalysts used were TiO2 for hydroxyl radical generation, dyes such as methylene blue and rose bengal for singlet oxygen generation, and ferric chloride/hydrogen peroxide in Photo-Fenton OH radical generation. Singlet oxygen was effective against some of the pesticides but reacted slowly or not at all with others. All pesticides were degraded by OH radical generating agents (such as methylene blue)...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this paper is to describe instrumentation and control (I&C) system improvements at Experimental Breeder Reactor 11 (EBR-11). The improvements are focused on three objectives; to keep the reactor and balance of plant (BOP) I&C systems at a high level of reliability, to provide diagnostic systems that can provide accurate information needed for analysis of fuel performance, and to provide systems that will be prototypic of I&C systems of the next generation of liquid metal reactor (LMR) plants.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We discuss the initial development of a concentrator device based on the GaInP/GaAs monolithic tandem cell structure. The very high one-sun efficiency of this device, coupled with its characteristic low operating current, make this a promising candidate for use under high concentration. Test results for a prototype device are presented. This device achieves an efficiency of 29.5% at a concentration of 102 suns.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

About two dezen exhibitors from Switzerland and abroad presented their electric vehicles at the Geneva International Car Exhibition on March 5-15. Interesting new serial vehicles, attractive new prototypes, handsome oldtimer cars varied information and a competition to beat the long-distance world championship provided attractions for the visitors. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

HEDL is conducting an experimental transient testing program to evaluate the performance of prototypic Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) fuel pins up to the cladding integrity limit. The relationship is described of the HEDL/TREAT transient overpower test program to the confirmation of FFTF fuel pin design bases via the FFTF fuel pin design procedure.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Air Force Prototype Thermal Flash Protective Device (TFPD) Goggles were furnished to USAFSAM by the Life Support System Program Office, Aeronautical Systems Division, for determination and evaluation of their eye-type goggles caused stressed areas. The bonding used in the production model eliminated the stressed areas, resulting in increased closed-state optical density, particularly in the upper nasal area of the lens.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper a prototype of Requirement Tracking and Verification System(RTVS) for a Distributed Control System was implemented and tested. The RTVS is a software design and verification tool. The main functions required by the RTVS are managing, tracking and verification of the software requirements listed in the documentation of the DCS. The analysis of DCS software design procedures and interfaces with documents were performed to define the user of the RTVS, and the design requirements for RTVS were developed. 4 refs., 3 figs. (Author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) will provide a prototypic test environment for advanced fuels and materials development within the U. S. LMFBR program. As a fast test reactor, the FFTF also provides a potentially unique capability for conduct of safety experimentation relevant to selected LMFBR safety issues associated with postulated core disruption events. The utility and feasibility of possible extension of FFTF testing into the area of safety research is being investigated. 5 fig.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boron/aluminum skins and channels were used in the fabrication of a prototype honeycomb sandwich avionics shelf. The avionic shelves are stiffness-critical and must be vibration tolerant. In conjunction with the shelf mounting system, they must isolate the avionics equipment from the severe vibration of the primary and secondary structure nearby. Design rationale, fabrication procedures, vibration test criteria and test results are presented. (9 fig) (U.S.).

Science.gov (United States)

High gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) of magnetic materials from fluids or waste products has many established industrial applications. However, there is currently no technology employing HGMS for ex-vivo biomedical applications, such as for the removal of magnetic drug- or toxin-loaded spheres from the human blood stream. Importantly, human HGMS applications require special design modifications as, in contrast to conventional use where magnetic elements are permanently imbedded within the separation chambers, medical separators need to avoid direct contact between the magnetic materials and blood to reduce the risk of blood clotting and to facilitate convenient and safe treatment access for many individuals. We describe and investigate the performance of a magnetic separator prototype designed for biomedical applications. First, the capture efficiency of a prototype HGMS separator unit consisting of a short tubing segment and two opposing ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neutral beam systems for the next generation of magnetic fusion devices will be based on negative ions. Development are progressing steadily, and large negative ion-based systems are prepared for JT60-U and LHD, and are being considered for ITER. An overview of the physics of the production, acceleration and neutralization of large negative ion beams is given. the present state of the art in Research and Development is also surveyed. (author). 55 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has implemented a computer control system for operation of an FN tandem accelerator. The control software utilized is the Thaumaturgic Automated Control Logic (TACL) written by the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility and co-developed with LLNL. Details of the design philosophy, hardware configuration, control software, and special control algorithms will be presented. 2 refs., 4 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The motion of an accelerated charge in a vacuum is analyzed, via the superposition principle and Fourier analysis, into uniform-motion components, which include bradyonic as well as tachyonic contributions. It is shown that the former contribute only to the induction fields whereas the latter are the source of the radiation emitted by the charge, via the Sommerfeld-Cerenkov mechanism. This result calls for a reexamination of some recently formulated theories of superluminal particles.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Modern particle accelerators offer new opportunities to dramatically reshape the way we think about nuclear energy, and challenge some of the thorniest problems linked to its industrial use, e.g. nuclear waste. A powerful proton accelerator driving a sub-critical fission reactor could be used for producing energy more safely and burning up the extra spent fuel which so far has been stored in geological repositories.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We report acceleration of electrons moving in free space near an active Nd:YAG slab. The power of a non-relativistic beam of electrons has increased by more than 30% when the medium was excited. It is demonstrated experimentally that the energy gained by the electrons is linearly proportional to the energy stored in the medium. Moreover, the energy gain traces closely the population inversion inferred by monitoring the spontaneous radiation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Two accelerated aging test procedures are proposed for use on solid dielectric extruded distribution cables under wet conditions. One test method is a fixed time duration test in which the degree of cable specimen aging is assessed in terms of breakdown tests, while the other test method is a time to breakdown test in which the cable specimens are voltage stressed until failure ensues.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Free-electron-laser (FEL) oscillators require a train of high-brightness bunches. Conventional subharmonic bunchers are currently used with rf linacs to generate pulse trains, but the resulting dilution of the transverse phase space and lower beam brightness are unacceptable for high-performance FELs. Recent developments suggest that photoemitters of high quantum efficiency combined with rapid acceleration can produce pulse trains of higher brightness than has been achieved before.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Present-day requirements for radiotherapy equipment are considered. The recently developed linacs of LUE-5, LUE-25, LUE-15MM models, as well as a newly designed unified series of medical linacs of LUER-5M, LUER-20M, LUER-40M models are described in brief. The main scientific and technical problems that were solved during their construction, namely, development of accelerating structures, a radiation head, dosimetry equipment, a programming unit, a magnetic mirror etc. are described.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An electron accelerator unit is described for electron beam therapy, comprising: a source of an electron beam; means for finally directing at least a portion of the beam to a therapy site, the directing means being mechanically independent of, and electrically isolated from, the source, and having a target area; and means for aligning the source with the directing means, the aligning means comprising means for projecting at least one beam of light from the source toward the target area.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This paper describes the problems and solutions in using 18 MeV linear accelerator, with minimum 6 MeV electron capability, for total skin irradiation for mycosis fungoides. The 6 MeV electron energy...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Accelerators can not be improved without the development of adequate beam instruments and diagnostic tools. This year this statement is particularly right: a lot of contributions are dedicated to beam monitoring and to the design of new beam monitors based on original technologies. This document gathers about 100 contributions.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The contribution of pulsar accelerated nuclei to the cosmic rays inside the Galaxy is calculated assuming that a significant part of the pulsar rotational energy is lost on acceleration of iron nuclei extracted from the surface of the neutron star. Different models of the galactic pulsar population are discussed. It is shown that the best description of the observed cosmic ray spectrum and the mass composition between a few 10{sup 15} eV and a few 10{sup 18} eV is obtained for the model B of Lorimer et al. (1993)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Proceeding from analysis of the influence of parameters of the target-filter system on radiation-physical characteristics of braking radiation, some recommendations were issued for assessment of the forming systems of medical accelerators of electrons. A new criterion - a coefficient of the forming system efficacy - was introduced, characterizing a beam formation tract with relation to a whole set of radiotherapeutic problems.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recent experiments have explored the use of a free-electron laser (FEL) as a buncher for a microwave two-beam accelerator, and the subsequent driving of a standing-wave rf output cavity. Here the authors present a deeper analysis of the longitudinal dynamics of the electron bunches as they are transported from the end of the FEL and through the output cavity. In particular, the authors examine the effect of the transport region and cavity aperture to filter the bunched portion of the beam.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are several on-going projects of e{sup +}e{sup -} colliders. If they are constructed, we can convert them into photon-photon ({gamma}-{gamma}) colliders by converting electron beams into {gamma} beams, irradiating laser beams just before the interaction point. In this report we discuss the technical issues on the accelerator.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The author discusses the accelerated aging tests performed using Hondo and Maya as aging resids with a commercial large pore hydrotreating catalyst. The results from these tests were compared with those obtained under a normal full life test. The test resid was a sample of a typical refinery charge and the activities for sulfur and vanadium removal were determined at 720"0F after successive brief periods of exposure to the heavier oils.

CERN Document Server

It is widely accepted that the prompt transient signal in the 10 keV - 10 GeV band from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) arises from multiple shocks internal to the ultra-relativistic expansion. The detailed understanding of the dissipation and accompanying acceleration at these shocks is a currently topical subject. This paper explores the relationship between GRB prompt emission spectra and the electron (or ion) acceleration properties at the relativistic shocks that pertain to GRB models. The focus is on the array of possible high-energy power-law indices in accelerated populations, highlighting how spectra above 1 MeV can probe the field obliquity in GRB internal shocks, and the character of hydromagnetic turbulence in their environs. It is emphasized that diffusive shock acceleration theory generates no canonical spectrum at relativistic MHD discontinuities. This diversity is commensurate with the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radiation-and-thermal-combined degradation of some kinds of cable insulating and jacketing materials was evaluated by accelerated aging tests. Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC), silicone rubber, crosslinked and non-crosslinked halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefins (NH-XLPO and NH-PO) and ethylene-propylene rubber (EP rubber) of experimental formulation were degraded at accelerated rates, that are 50-1000 times the degradation rate under standard conditions (e.g.; 1Gy/h, 50degC), and a method to assess the lifetime of these materials under standard conditions was studied. The degradation was investigated by measuring tensile properties. In the accelerated aging tests, rates of elongation decrease owing to degradation for these materials were in proportion to the increase in accelerated rate. The PVC lifetime estimated from sequential aging tests had a tendency to extend beyond that from ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The construction of Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences was completed in December 1993. HIMAC consists of an injector linac, two synchrotron rings, a high energy beam transport system and a beam irradiation system. Its accelerator parameters are based on the medical requirement, and helium, carbon, neon, silicon and argon were selected as the accelerated ion species. It has 3 therapy rooms (A{approx}C). Room A has a vertical irradiation system, Room C horizontal and Room B both vertical and horizontal. Two rings can supply beams independently to the vertical and horizontal irradiation systems. Clinical trial started on June 21 1994, after several basic biological and physics experiments lasting about 2 months. Cancer is the top cause of death in Japan since 1981, and people expect good treatment results at HIMAC. Proton and heavy ion radiotherapy has the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Tevatron is a proton anti-proton accelerator collider operating at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The machine is currently delivering beam for the CDF and D0 experiments, which expect increasing luminosity until the conclusion of Run II, planned for 2009. The Laboratory defined a plan for achieving higher luminosity, and one of the tasks is the upgrade of the accelerator's beam position monitor (BPM). The Tevatron was built during the early eighties and some of its control systems, including the BPMs, are still the original ones. This paper describes the front-end software of the Tevatron BPM upgrade, from the requirements to the implementation, and the underlying hardware setup. The front-end software designed is presented, emphasizing its modularity and reusability, allowing it to be applied to other Fermilab machines.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The performance requirements of the Advanced Photon Source (APS) challenge the control system in a number of areas. This paper will review a few applications of advanced technology in the control and monitoring of the APS. The application of digital signal processors (DSPs) and techniques will be discussed, both from the perspective of a large distributed multiprocessor system and from that of embedded systems. In particular, two embedded applications will be highlighted, a beam position monitor processor and a DSP-based power supply controller. Fast data distribution is often a requirement. The application of a high-speed network based on reflective memory will also be discussed in the context of the APS global orbit feedback system. Timing systems provide opportunities to apply technologies such as high-speed logic and fiber optics. Examples of the use of these technologies will also be included. Finally, every modern accelerator control system of any size ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This Report includes copies of transparencies and notes from the presentations made at the Center for Accelerator Physics at Brookhaven National Laboratory Editing and changes to the authors` contributions in this Report were made only to fulfill the publication requirements. This volume includes notes and transparencies on nine presentations: ``The Energy Exchange and Efficiency Consideration in Klystrons``, ``Some Properties of Microwave RF Sources for Future Colliders + Overview of Microwave Generation Activity at the University of Maryland``, ``Field Quality Improvements in Superconducting Magnets for RHIC``, ``Hadronic B-Physics``, ``Spiking Pulses from Free Electron Lasers: Observations and Computational Models``, ``Crystalline Beams in Circular Accelerators``, ``Accumulator Ring for AGS & Recent AGS Performance``, ``RHIC Project Machine Status``, and ``Gamma-Gamma Colliders.``

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Polarized electron sources for high energy accelerators took a significant step forward with the introduction of a new laser-driven photocathode source for the SLC in 1992. With an electron beam polarization of >80% and with {approximately}99% uptime during continuous operation, this source is a key factor in the success of the current SLC high-energy physics program. The SLC source performance is used to illustrate both the capabilities and the limitations of solid-state sources. The beam requirements for future colliders are similar to that of the SLC with the addition in most cases of multiple-bunch operation. A design for the next generation accelerator source that can improve the operational characteristics and at least minimize some of the inherent limitations of present sources is presented. Finally, the possibilities for producing highly polarized electron beams for high-duty-factor accelerators are discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Macroparticle acceleration driven by low current, high voltage cathode spots has been investigated for potential applications ranging from micrometeoroid simulation to nanoparticle deposition/implantation. Acceleration by this process was observed to occur when nanometer and micrometer-sized particles were exposed to a high voltage pulse in the presence of a plasma discharge. The applied negative voltage pulse initiates the formation of multiple, high voltage, low current cathode spots which provide the mechanism of actual acceleration of the charged dust particles. Dust streams generated by this process were detected using laser scattering techniques. Cathode spot behavior was also documented. The particle impact craters observed at the surface of downstream witness badges were documented using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. The observed impacts suggest the presence of energetic macroparticles formed ...

CERN Document Server

The available data on isolated X-ray pulsars, their wind nebulae, and the supernova remnants which are connected to some of these sources are analyzed. It is shown that electric fields of neutron stars tear off charged particles from the surface of neutron star and trigger the acceleration of particles. The charged particles are accelerated mainly in the field of magneto-dipole radiation wave. Power and energy spectra of the charged particles depend on the strength of the magneto-dipole radiation. Therefore, the X-ray radiation is strongly dependent on the rate of rotational energy loss and weakly dependent on the electric field intensity. Coulomb interaction between the charged particles is the main factor for the energy loss and the X-ray spectra of the charged particles.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A dielectric-wall linear accelerator is improved by a high-voltage, fast rise-time switch that includes a pair of electrodes between which are laminated alternating layers of isolated conductors and insulators. A high voltage is placed between the electrodes sufficient to stress the voltage breakdown of the insulator on command. A light trigger, such as a laser, is focused along at least one line along the edge surface of the laminated alternating layers of isolated conductors and insulators extending between the electrodes. The laser is energized to initiate a surface breakdown by a fluence of photons, thus causing the electrical switch to close very promptly. Such insulators and lasers are incorporated in a dielectric wall linear accelerator with Blumlein modules, and phasing is controlled by adjusting the length of fiber optic cables that carry the laser light to the insulator surface.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Coherent Smith-Purcell radiation, emitted from short-bunched electrons passing by a lamellar-type grating of aluminum, has been observed in the millimeter wave region. The energy of the electrons is either 42 MeV when they are accelerated by an L-band linear accelerator or 150 MeV accelerated by an S-band one. The intensity of the radiation is proportional to the square of the beam current. The radiation is linearly polarized, and the electric vector of the radiation is in the plane defined by the observing point and the beam trajectory. The intensity decreases with the beam height, i.e. the distance of the beam from the surface of the grating, in accordance with the modified Bessel function of zeroth order. copyright 1996 American Institute of Physics.

CERN Document Server

Luminosity-driven channeling extraction has been observed for the first time in a 900 GeV study at the Fermilab Tevatron. This experiment, Fermilab E853, demonstrated that useful TeV level beams can be extracted from a superconducting accelerator during high luminosity collider operations without unduly affecting the background at the collider detectors. Multi-turn extraction was found to increase significantly the efficiency of the process. The beam extraction efficiency was about 25%. Studies of time dependent effects found that the turn-to-turn structure was governed mainly by accelerator beam dynamics. An investigation of a pre-scatterer using the accelerator flying wire system showed that a fiber could produce a significant extracted flux, consistent with expectations. Based on these results, it is feasible to construct a parasitic 5-10 MHz proton beam from the Tevatron collider.

CERN Document Server

The available data of single X-ray pulsars, their wind nebulae, and the SNRs which are connected to some of these sources are analysed. It is shown that electric field intensity of neutron stars tears off charged particles from the surface of neutron star and triggers the acceleration of particles. The charged particles are accelerated mainly in the field of magnetodipole radiation wave. Power and energy spectra of the charged particles depend on the strength of the magnetodipole radiation. Therefore, the X-ray radiation is strongly dependent on the rate of rotational energy loss and weakly dependent on the electric field intensity. Coulomb interaction between the charged particles is the main factor for the energy loss and the X-ray spectra of the charged particles.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper evaluates the performance of asphalt membranes by examining the chemical and permeability changes experienced by the asphalt during aging tests. The aging process was accelerated by exposing the asphalt to elevated temperatures, high oxygen concentrations, and increased strengths of aqueous oxidizing agents. The synergistic effects of the variables are evaluated by using a fractional factorial experimental design. The installation costs for a catalytically airblown asphalt liner are roughly half that of the typical polymeric materials, and also less than the rubberized asphalt membrane. The results of the initial accelerated aging tests of the asphalt membranes indicate that this material will provide stable, long-term leachate isolation in a mill tailings environment.

Science.gov (United States)

Collective methods of ion acceleration using intense relativistic electron beams (IREB) have stimulated a great deal of interest in the past few years. The main virtue of an IREB collective ion accelerator is the high internal electric field strength. The primary drawback has been an insufficient ion energy gain or inadequate scaleability. An extensive study for generating a high quality electron beam has been done and is presented in Section 2. In Section 3 an intense ion injector study was conducted by the method of computer simulation. The last addition to the proposal was a design for producing a toroidal magnetic field. This field will be needed in a future study of high energy and high current electron beams.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

One approach to validate nuclear power plant (NPP) signals makes use of pattern recognition techniques. This approach often assumes that there is a set of signal prototypes that are continuously compared with the actual sensor signals. These signal prototypes are often computed based on empirical models with little or no knowledge about physical processes. A common problem of all data-based models is their limited ability to make predictions on the basis of available training data. Another problem is related to suboptimal training algorithms. Both of these potential shortcomings with conventional approaches to signal validation and sensor operability validation are successfully resolved by adopting a recently proposed learning paradigm called the support vector machine (SVM). The work presented here is a novel application of SVM for data-based modeling of system state variables in an NPP, integrated with a nonlinear, nonparametric technique ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Instrumentation research to study the feasibility of using optical data processing techniques to solve real-time pattern recognition problems for high energy physics experiments is now in its second year. During the past year, a prototype optical processor for use in BNL Experiment 702 was conceived and designed, using test data from the experiment and simulating the optical processor in the computer. A number of technical studies have been made, mostly relating to the selection of the optical filter for the processor. Comparisons between natural and synthetic holograms, both bleached and unbleached, have been made. We conclude from these tests that the kinoform, a computer-generated phase hologram, is the optimal choice for this processor. A new method for producing the kinoform has been tried by this group with encouraging results. The optical design for the prototype processor is complete, and the required optical elements, sources, and the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The goal of this project was to demonstrate that a new low-expanding ceramic (Ca{sub 0.6},Mg{sub 0.4})Zr{sub 4}(PO{sub 4}){sub 6}, hereafter referred to as CMZP, could be used as an exhaust manifold liner in off-road diesel engines and provide improved engine efficiency (by permitting higher engine operating temperature). This study has successfully demonstrated this improvement and further engine testing (and possible manufacturing) is presently underway at Caterpillar Inc. Laboratories. Basically this program involved two subcontracts: one to Virginia Tech to develop sintering procedures for CMZP, and one to Caterpillar, Inc. to develop slip casting procedures for CMZP. Nearly 100kg of CMZP were prepared by MATVA, Inc. and Virginia Tech for use by Caterpillar. Virginia Tech developed detailed sintering procedures for CMZP and Caterpillar developed slip casting procedures and manufactured several exhaust manifold elbows. These elbows have been cast into prototype ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The lithium battery, also called `lithium-carbon` or `lithium ion`, is today the most promising candidate that can reach the expected minimum traction performances of electric powered vehicles. Thanks to a more than 20 years experience on lithium generators and to a specific research program on lithium batteries, the SAFT company has developed a 100 Ah electrochemical system, and full-scale prototypes have been manufactured for this application. These prototypes use the Li{sub x}NiO{sub 2} lithiated graphite electrochemical pair and were tested in terms of their electrical performances. Energy characteristics of 125 Wh/kg and 265 Wh/dm{sup 3} could be obtained. The possibility of supplying a power greater than 200 W/kg, even at low temperature (-10 deg. C) has been demonstrated with these elements. A full battery set of about 20 kWh was built and its evaluation is in progress. It comprises the electronic control systems for the optimum power ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: The focused ion beam (FIB) miller is becoming well established as a machine for the structural analysis of materials and for the rapid preparation of transmission electron microscope specimens. It has also been used for some time in the semiconducting materials industry for the analysis, repair and redesign of device materials. However, one emerging technique is the use of the FIB for micromachining. The FIB software can also be used to manufacture and machine components. This process can occur through converting software, typically in the form of bitmaps or TIF files, to proprietary 'stream' files. These files allow, often complex, patterns to be generated and milled into the specimen and thus the generation of micro-electromechanical systems. Frequently, this involves largely two-dimensional patterns and structures, however, more complex patterns and file types can be generated which allow, for example, device prototyping or the preparation of ...

Science.gov (United States)

The behavior of a small power system consisting of two interconnected generators is simulated in real-time by a prototype Digital Transient Network Analyzer (TNA). The prototype Digital TNA consists of two Computational Modules and one I/O Module. The Modules communicate with each other through ribbon cables. Each Computational Module simulates one Turbo-Generator, its Transformer, its Governor, Exciter, and Power System Stabilizer Systems. The numerical integration is shared by two TMS320C30 DSPs at a step-size of 100 microseconds in real-time. The I/O module post-processes the state variables and presents selected information for analog display. The paper presents oscillograms from a test program which includes symmetry checks and behavioral checks against well known waveforms of hunting oscillations, synchronization out-of-phase torques, and subsynchronous resonance phenomena. The success of the Digital TNA depends on: (a) the theoretical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper described the Geographic Response Information Network (GRIN) project which was launched to address some of the logistical challenges that often complicate oil spill and emergency response operations. The objective of the project was to develop a computer-based tool for incident logistics to organize maps and data related to oil spills, safety, public relations and basic community resources. In addition to its use for oil spill response planning, the data available can be useful for all-hazards emergency response planning. Early prototypes of the GRIN used PowerPoint slides to organize basic information about coastal communities in Alaska. With time, hyper text markup language (html) was used as the programming format because it can be more readily hyper-linked. Currently, GRIN is organized as a web page with the following 5 categories of information: general, liaison, public information, logistics and safety. There are several sub-headings under each ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Melt Vessel Interaction (MVI) project is concerned with the consequences of the interactions that a core melt, generated during a postulated severe accident in a light water reactor, may have with the pressure vessel. In particular, the issues concerned with the failure of the vessel bottom head are the focus of the research. The specific objectives of the project are to obtain data and develop validated models, which could be applied to prototypic plants, and accident conditions, for resolution of issues related to the melt vessel interactions. The project work has been performed by nine partners having varied responsibility. The work included a large number of experiments, with simulant materials, whose observations and results are employed, respectively, to understand the physical mechanisms and to develop validated models. Applications to the prototypic geometry and conditions have also been performed. This report is volume 1 of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The objective of this project was to develop a explosion suppression system capable to confine and extinguish gas explosions of the type produced in sub level caving faces when blasting to the coal pillar. Existing systems, such as triggered barriers, were considered not to be valid because of size, weight, cost, and other operational constraints. The research activities have been focused in the development of a mixed water/air spray system that should be manually activated some second before blasting. Two prototypes have been developed and tested, the first one using nozzle operating at the standard ranges of pressure that are normally available in underground coal mines, and a second one based in high-pressure nozzles. In this case, bottles containing a pressurized air/water mixtures are required. The works carried out included theoretical studies, hydraulic nozzles characterization, and modelling of the explosion phenomena using the AutoReaGas code. Besides, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Korea Advanced Energy Research Institute (KAERI) started a research project to develop the PHWR (CANDU) nuclear fuel fabrication technology in 1981. Based on the results of the intensive developmental work, several prototype fuel bundles were fabricated and tested in the Hot Test Loop at KAERI continuously in 1983 and 1984. After that, irradiation test and post-irradiation examination were carried out for two KAERI-made fuel bundles at Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories in Canada in 1984. Since the results of in-pile and out-of-pile tests with prototype fuel bundles proved to be satisfactory, 48 additional fuel bundles were loaded in Wolsung reactor (CANDU) in 1984 and 1985, and all of them were discharged without a defect after excellent performance in the power reactor. In 1985, the Korean government decided that KAERI supplies all the fuel necessary for the Wolsung reactor. For the mass production of nuclear fuel bundle, several process ...

CERN Document Server

Polarization measurements in the X-ray and gamma-ray energy range can provide crucial information on massive compact objects such as black holes and neutron stars. The Polarized Gamma-ray Observer (PoGO) is a new balloon-borne instrument designed to measure polarization from astrophysical objects in the 30-100 keV range, under development by an international collaboration with members from United States, Japan, Sweden and France. To examine PoGO's capability, a beam test of a simplified prototype detector array was conducted at the Argonne National Laboratory Advanced Photon Source. The detector array consisted of seven plastic scintillators, and was irradiated by polarized photon beams at 60, 73, and 83 keV. The data showed a clear polarization signal, with a measured modulation factor of $0.42 \\pm 0.01$. This was successfully reproduced at the 10% level by the computer simulation package Geant4 after modifications to its implementation of polarized ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nuclear steam generator tubes have become flawed in ways that challenge conventional eddy current probes. In response to the shortcomings of conventional probes, array probes have been developed to improve measurement capabilities. However, the commercially available array probes have exhibited several weaknesses that offset the advantages and limit the applications in steam generator inspections. A primary weakness is the relatively high rate of probe failure coupled with the high unit cost for each probe. This can be costly for a utility in the time lost for probe replacement and increased radiation exposure in addition to the probe costs. Other weaknesses which make array probes undesirable for routine use are: poor mechanical and electrical characteristics; difficulty in operation and calibration; and incomplete coverage of the tube circumference. Several prototype array probes have been built to address the weaknesses of the commercially available array ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We review the status of the Lake Baikal Neutrino Experiment. Preparation towards a km"3-scale Gigaton Volume Detector (GVD) in Lake Baikal is currently a central activity. As an important milestone, a km"3-prototype string comprising of 12 optical modules and based on a completely new technology, has been installed and was put in operation together with NT200+ in April, 2009. We also present recent results from the long-term operation of NT200, including an improved limit on the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A prototype hydride storage bed, using LaNi{sub 4.25}Al{sub 0.75} as the storage material, was fitted with strain gages to measure strains occurring in the stainless steel bed vessel caused by expansion of the storage powder upon uptake of hydrogen. The strain remained low in the bed as hydrogen was added, up to a bed loading of about 0.5 hydrogen to metal atom ratio (H/M). The strain then increased with increasing hydrogen loading ({approximately} 0.8 H/M). Different locations exhibited greatly different levels of maximum strain. In no case was the design stress of the vessel exceeded.

Science.gov (United States)

A rotational speed control, tailored to the Sunflower system requirements, was designed and fabricated in breadboard, preprototype, and prototype configurations. These units were subjected to performance and environmental testing which has led to design improvements. Program efforts have yielded hardware capable of meeting all performance requirements and of operating under all the environmental conditions to which the units were exposed. Attractive design changes were identified and, in some cases, completed. These changes involve improvements in circuitry and packaging, the primary objectives of which are to eliminate startup bias batteries and reduce weight. It is recommended that the reported program be extended to implement these improvements. (auth)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents a prototype of an entirely inorganic lithium ions battery cell. LiCoO{sub 2} thin film cathodes and Li{sub 4/3}Ti{sub 5/3}O{sub 4} thin film anodes have been deposited on Li{sub 3x}La{sub 2/3-x}TiO{sub 3} sintered solid electrolyte pellets and the performances of these battery cells have been tested. (J.S.) 5 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

HFH Herbst has designed and built a unique machine for storage of spent highly radioactive nuclear fuel rods within two years for the Swedish SKB. The vehicle (total weight 98 t) can be operated underground without a driver. Herbst was able to bring to this project almost 30 years of experience in the complementation of vehicle projects for the nuclear industry. The Procyon 1 already proved its efficiency impressively in several hundred storage processes and operates with absolute reliability. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The heat transfer characteristics of a newly developed transport and storage cask for vitrified heat-producing radioactive waste from reprocessing are described. The theoretical layout of the cask was tested by measurements on a prototype cask of the scale 1:1. These measurements confirmed the theoretical thermodynamic layout data. They can be described by the function Nu=CxRa"m, with the constant C, but not the constant m, differing for a vertical and a horizontal position of the cask. The measured velocity and temperature profiles of the cask were verified with an existing code for the calculation of heat transfer from finned horizontal cylinders by natural convection. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper discusses design considerations for the recently introduced GaInP/GaAs monolithic tandem concentrator cell. The prototype device achieves a peak efficiency of 30.2% in a range of 140--180 suns, making this the first two-terminal device to demonstrate a verified efficiency exceeding 30%. At 425 suns the efficiency is still above 29%. The authors focus on the issues of grid design, top-cell thickness, and antireflectance coat. They also examine ways in which these aspects of the device may be modified to provide further performance improvements for future devices.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The electromagnetic properties of a prototype gravitational wave detector, based on two coupled superconducting microwave cavities, were tested. The radio-frequency (rf) detection system was carefully analysed. With the use of piezoelectric crystals small harmonic displacements of the cavity walls were induced and the parametric conversion of the electromagnetic field inside the cavities explored. Experimental results of bandwidth and sensitivity of the parametric converter versus stored energy and voltage applied to the piezoelectric crystal are reported. A rf control loop, developed to stabilize phase changes on signal paths, gave a 125 dBc rejection of the drive mode on a time scale of 1 h.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

High (spatial) resolution imaging detectors for X-ray astronomy were developed. Several prototype detectors built and their feasibility and baseline performance were assessed. Two of these detector types are proposed for investigations on the advanced X-ray astrophysics facility (AXAF). The readiness of a new X-ray imaging system, the charge coupled device (CCD) imaging specctrometer is outlined, and state of the art performance parameters for microchannel plate (MCP) and CCD detectors are measured. Laboratory facilities and procedures for coating MCP are developed general high resolution imagery systems are analyzed.

Science.gov (United States)

Computer simulations of agricultural finance and management may be helpful to students preparing for agricultural careers. Simulations would provide problem definition and problem solving in realistic interactions with complex and ambiguous situations similar to those encountered in farming. The paper describes a major financial problem for farmers, explores the implications of that problem for students, and outlines a computer-based simulation model which would give students experience in dealing with the problem. Data sources for simulations, potentials of interactive exercises among students, and advantages of using real data with existing ambiguities are described. The board game "AGRICULTURE" is discussed as a prototype for simulation. (LFL)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper the authors describe the design and development of an advanced NDA workstation, which fits into an integrated data evaluation scheme for safeguards. This kind of instrument must be sort of an intelligent assistant to the inspection procedure, be able to generate as correct as possible measurements, guide the inspector throughout the procedure, and report descriptive data to the data evaluation system. The problem of improving the quality of the measurement is tackled using a simple expert system, which should convey in the instrument some of the physicist knowledge. The authors describe the hardware and software resources which were included in their design to reach the intended goal. A prototype of the machine has been built, and a preliminary software for Plutonium Isotopic Composition is under development.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Following the Chernobyl nuclear disaster, a considerable amount of effort and resources were allocated worldwide to designing and developing coherent and comprehensive decision support systems for nuclear or radiological emergency management. They range from simple radiological consequence assessment tools to more advanced systems, incorporating the assessment of countermeasures and their effectiveness. Furthermore, many of these systems have been tailored to answer to national emergency preparedness requirements and in some cases such as the R.O.D.O.S. and A.R.G.O.S. systems they have been successfully deployed in a number of countries. Thus, computer based decision support systems for nuclear emergencies are nowadays a reality in Europe, the US and Japan; however, there was a lack of an adequate information and data exchange mechanism that enabled them to function properly and serve the purpose that triggered their development. Within the EURATOM 5. Framework Program, a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Prototype tests conducted during the winter of 1989/90 have successfully demonstrated an economical design for air stripping volatile hydrocarbons from oily tanker ballast water. The prototype air stripper, developed for Alyeska's Ballast Water Treatment (BWT) facility in Valdez, Alaska, ran continuously for three months with an average removal of 88% of the incoming volatile organics. Initially designed to remove oil and grease compounds from tanker ballast water, the BWT system has been upgraded to a three-step process to comply with new, stringent regulations. The BWT biological oxidation process enhances the growth of bacteria present in the incoming ballast water through nutrient addition, aeration, and recirculation within a complete-mixed bioreactor. The average removal of BETX is over 95%, however, occassional upsets required the placement of a polishing air stripper downstream of the aeration tanks. Packed-tower air stripping ...

Science.gov (United States)

This Dissertation presents the author's investigation and development of a systematic method for evaluating the aerodynamic performance of Vertical Axis Wind Energy Capture Systems (WECS) apart from their electrical generation capability. The current standard method for specifying a wind energy machine is to discuss its rated power in kilowatts (or megawatts when capacity exceeds 100 kW). While this holistic method is effective for comparing machines it does not reveal the essential characteristics necessary for optimization of individual machine components. The method developed herein separates the performance characteristics of the WECS from the generation characteristics and isolates them for benchmarking and optimization. In order to develop an evaluation criterion, it was essential to evaluate and benchmark the current state of the art for wind energy capture. A thorough history of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) development and technology transfer, a standardized set of VAWT ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A review is presented of the quest for superheavy elements under the following headings - early history; physical and nuclear properties unique to superheavy elements; searches in nature; terrestrial samples; extra-terrestrial samples; and searches at accelerators. 72 references. (U.K.).

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Cytosol proteins prepared from castor bean endosperm (4-day-old) seedlings stimulate the exchange of [³H]phosphatidylethanolamine between liposomes and mitochondria. The acceleration of the...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper outlines the basic problems concerning creation of electron-positron linear colliders, as well as their present-day status. More details on the question can be found in the proceedings of recent workshops on linear colliders contained in the References. ((orig.)).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This section of the report is concerned with the study of the metallisation, oxidation and doping of materials which are of importance to the micro-electronics industry. The Van de Graaff accelerator and radioactive tracers are used for studying surface and sub-surface behaviour of these materials.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

When any new accelerator or storage ring is built that advances the state of the art, the diagnostic system becomes extremely important in tuning the facility to full specification. This paper will discuss the various diagnostic devices planned or under construction for the PSR and their connection into the control system.

CERN Document Server

The principal paradigm for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) suggests that the prompt transient gamma-ray signal arises from multiple shocks internal to the relativistic expansion. This paper explores how GRB prompt emission spectra can constrain electron (or ion) acceleration properties at the relativistic shocks that pertain to GRB models. The array of possible high-energy power-law indices in accelerated populations is highlighted, focusing on how spectra above 1 MeV can probe the field obliquity in GRB internal shocks, and the character of hydromagnetic turbulence in their environs. When encompassing the MeV-band spectral break, fits to BATSE/EGRET burst data indicate that the preponderance of electrons responsible for the prompt emission reside in an intrinsically non-thermal population. This differs markedly from typical populations generated in acceleration simulations; potential resolutions of this conflict such as the action ...

Science.gov (United States)

The discussion of energy usage falls naturally into three parts. The first is a review of what the problem is, the second is a description of steps that can be taken to conserve energy at existing facilities, and the third is a review of the implications of energy consumption on future facilities.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

1. The mechanical power spent to accelerate the limbs relative to the trunk in level walking and running, Ẇ_int, has been measured at various `constant' speeds (3-33...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Obesity and metabolic syndrome result from excess calorie intake and genetic predisposition and are mechanistically linked to type II diabetes and accelerated body aging; abnormal nutrient and insulin...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nuclear physics accelerators are powered by microwaves which must travel in waveguides between room-temperature sources and the cryogenic accelerator structures. The ohmic heat load from the microwaves is affected by the temperature-dependent surface resistance and in turn affects the cryogenic thermal conduction problem. Integrated EM & thermal analysis of this difficult non-linear problem is now possible with the VORPAL finite-difference time-domain simulation tool. We highlight thermal benchmarking work with a complex HOM feed-through geometry, done in collaboration with researchers at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Laboratory, and discuss upcoming design studies with this emerging tool. This work is part of an effort to generalize the VORPAL framework to include generalized PDE capabilities, for wider multi-physics capabilities in the accelerator, vacuum electronics, plasma processing ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia accelerate both aging and cancer. Antidiabetic biguanides such as metformin decrease glucose, insulin and IGF-1 level. Metformin increases lifespan and prevents cancer...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The accelerating development of biochemical and DNA-based diagnostic tests for human genetic conditions in the last decade has engendered a revolution in genetic diagnosis. Both genetic testing and...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Physics and technology of free electron laser (FEL) are reviewed. Mechanisms of stimulated emission in FEL and its present status and future prospects are presented. Electromagnetic wiggler, two stage FEL and so on are also interpreted. Finally, accelerators and wigglers for FEL, recent FEL experiments and FEL applications are noted. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The development of structural barriers for nuclear waste packages involves selection of candidate materials, their screening by mechanical and corrosion testing, rigorous accelerated testing, and evaluation and comparison with other package elements. This document presents results from work conducted on titanium and ferrous alloys.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Following a brief description of the SSC, the computing needs are discussed for both the accelerator design and the experimentation. The computing power required is considerably beyond that being used at present facilities, and parallel processing is expected to play an important role in supplying these needs.

Science.gov (United States)

To calibrate channels A1 to A4 for particles with Z >= 1, tests were done on the IBIS accelerator at AERE, Harwell, which gave protons up to 3 MeV. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The honeybee has been the most important insect species for study of social behavior. The recently released draft genomic sequence for the bee will accelerate honeybee behavioral genetics. Although...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Accelerated oxidation treatment technology is introduced for use in the treatment of poor quality water by ozone injected from the bottom of a pressurized ozone contact tank. Under study as oxidation accelerating processes using ozone center about an ozone/hydrogen peroxide treatment, ozone/UV treatment, ozone/hydrogen peroxide/UV treatment, etc. As the result of testing, important respects in accelerated oxidation are learned, which are stated below. In the ozone-aided treatment, there are some substances, such as chromatic matters, that can be removed more rapidly when in direct contact with gaseous ozone. In this case, the concentration of remnant ozone poses an important problem. In relation to the amount of injected hydrogen peroxide, what is important is the ozone/hydrogen peroxide injection ratio relative to the substance that is to be removed. In the use of UV rays, since the decomposition rate of dissolved ozone is ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Improved test techniques are needed for evaluating the inherent stability of middle distillate fuels both in surveillance and in procurement activities. A project was initiated to define and evaluate the contributing conditions leading to the formation of deleterious products in accelerated aging tests of middle distillate fuels and to relate these results to an experimental definition of more repeatable/reliable middle distillate fuel stability test technique(s). A literature search was conducted to provide a list of stability test techniques and their interpretations which could be used in a correlative middle distillate fuel stability test program. For this program, seven accelerated stability tests were chosen and evaluated using a set of six test fuels. The test techniques were selected to represent a wide variety of test conditions, including temperature, aging time, and oxygen availability. These six test fuels were purposely chosen to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Based on preliminary studies, some conclusions can be drawn concerning the Accelerator Fuel Enricher and Fission Product Exterminator (APEX). APEX-1 and APEX-2 systems can destroy TU's, /sup 137/Cs, and /sup 90/Sr at acceptable cost and efficiency. The principal difference between APEX-1 and APEX-2 is the in-reactor and in-circuit inventory of /sup 137/Cs and /sup 90/Sr. Stable and low hazard wastes can be disposed of by burial. Accelerator breeders can effectively sustain a fission reactor economy indefinitely. Military waste can be blended into commercial fuel cycle for transmutation. Accelerator and target technologies appear practical and could be developed in a few years. More detailed studies are needed to better define the technical and economic features of the LAFER and APEX cycles, so that comparative assessments can be made between these cycles, as well as with other transmutation and waste disposal ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is a progressive neurodegenerative syndrome that is the second most common cause of early-onset dementia. Mutations in the progranulin gene are a major cause of familial...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Within about 10 years, microelectronic devices will be made with more than a billion (10"9) electronic components per chip. To implement such a sophisticated technology it will be essential to have a fundamental understanding of the solid state interaction between the different materials in thin film semiconductor structures. This is the main purpose of this research program. Characterization and analysis is carried out mainly by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and channelling using accelerated nuclear particles from the Van de Graaff accelerator, while radioactive isotopes provide information about interaction mechanisms. 6 figs., 1 ref.

CERN Document Server

We perform a detailed phase-space analysis of various phantom cosmological models, where the dark energy sector interacts with the dark matter one. We examine whether there exist late-time scaling attractors, corresponding to an accelerating universe and possessing dark energy and dark matter densities of the same order. We find that all the examined models, although accepting stable late-time accelerated solutions, cannot alleviate the coincidence problem, unless one imposes a form of fine-tuning in the model parameters. It seems that interacting phantom cosmology cannot fulfill the basic requirement that led to its construction.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper presents the integration of the SIMBAD space charge module in the UAL framework. SIMBAD is a Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code. Its 3-D Parallel approach features an optimized load balancing scheme based on a genetic algorithm. The UAL framework enhances the SIMBAD standalone version with the interactive ROOT-based analysis environment and an open catalog of accelerator algorithms. The composite package addresses complex high intensity beam dynamics and has been developed as part of the FAIR SIS 100 project.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The summary of this report is: (1) The range of scales #LAMBDA# of a system is not a Lorentz invariant and can vary greatly for some systems. (2) There exists an optimum frame which minimizes #LAMBDA#. (3) We demonstrated speedup of x1000 for PIC simulation of relativistic beam interacting with electron background. (4) It is not in contradiction with the conventional scientific wisdom that 'complexity' is an invariant. (5) We identified three domains of application (laser-plasma acceleration, e-cloud in HEP accelerators, free electron lasers) for which speedup ranging from 2 to 4 orders of magnitude were demonstrated on toy problems.

CERN Document Server

An accelerator has limited dynamic range: a chain of accelerators is required to reach high energy. A combination of septa and kicker magnets is frequently used to inject and extract beam from each stage. The kicker magnets typically produce rectangular field pulses with fast rise- and/or fall-times, however the field strength is relatively low. To compensate for their relatively low field strength, the kicker magnets are generally combined with electromagnetic septa. The septa provide relatively strong field strength but are either DC or slow pulsed. This paper discusses injection and extraction systems with particular emphasis on the hardware required for the septa.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The lifetime of the circulating electron beam in the Naval Research Laboratory modified betatron has been increased by more than 2 orders of magnitude with the addition of strong focusing windings to the device. The injected beam consistently spirals from the injector to the minor axis and is trapped. The #approx#0.5-kA trapped electron ring has been accelerated above 10 MeV from the injection energy of 0.5 to 0.6 MeV. The beam acceleration has been confirmed not only by the x-ray attenuation technique but also with the detection of photoneutrons.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the framework of the Low Emittance Gun (LEG) project, high gradient acceleration of a low emittance electron beam will be necessary. In order to achieve this acceleration, a -500 kV, 250 ns FWHM, pulse will be applied between two electrodes. Those electrodes should sustain the pulsed field without arcing, must not outgas and must not emit electrons. Ion back bombardment, and dark current will be damaging to the electron source as well as for the low emittance beam. Electrodes of commercially available OFE copper, aluminium, stainless steel (SS), titanium and molybdenum were tested, following different procedures including plasma glow discharge cleaning.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The term biological motion is often used by researchers studying the patterns of movement generated by living forms and in sports. We studied a pattern recognition system of motion in sport using biological motion data. Biological motion data are acquired using a 3D motion capture system. However, 3D motion capture systems are very expensive. In this article, a biological motion capture system was built using acceleration sensors. Our proposed system uses the technique of Gaussian fitting and regression analysis. We tested our proposed system in pattern recognition of outdoor tennis and its evaluations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The radiation degradation behavior of three commercial polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials has been investigated. All three exhibit an interesting reversal in the trend of the tensile strength part way through the aging experiment: the tensile strength first drops, then rises. The early drop is associated with oxidative scission; the rise is associated with crosslinking and is preceded by the material reaching the gel point. It was also found that the tensile elongation tended to level out in advanced stages of aging with the leveling-out values dependent on the dose rate. These phenomena pose complications for the design of accelerated aging tests.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To achieve high efficiency for the conversion of electron kinetic energy in an electron beam to electromagnetic energy in a Free Electron Laser (FEL), it is important to improve the beam quality. And hence, it is necessary to study and minimize the emittance growth of the beam. According to the requirements for the beam quality in an FEL, the author analyzed the emittance growth caused by the jump of the electric field in an accelerator, energy increase, wakefield in a waveguide, space charge effect and distribution of particles in a beam as well as the wakefield in a deflect system etc. The author also estimated the emittance change caused by the variation of the microwave field from the gun to the first accelerator for such case.