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Pretreatment of brown coal in oil was conducted using 1-methyl naphthalene or mixture of tetralin and 1-methyl naphthalene as solvent at temperatures ranging from 300 to 430{degree}C under nitrogen atmosphere. Effects of the solvent properties on the structural change of oxygen-functional groups (OFG) and coal liquefaction were investigated by means of quantitative analysis of OFG and solid state {sup 13}C-NMR measurement. When hydrogen transfer from solvent was insufficient, it was suggested that brown coal molecules loose their hydrogen to be aromatized. While, at lower temperatures ranging from 300 to 350{degree}C, hydrogen contained in brown coal molecules was consumed for the stabilization of pyrolytic radicals, and the deterioration of liquefaction was not observed. When hydrogen transfer from solvent was insufficient at higher temperatures above 400{degree}C in nitrogen atmosphere during pretreatment in oil, crosslinking like benzofuran type was formed by dehydration ...

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The NiMo sulfide supported on Ketjen Black (KB) was more effective and yielded lighter oil products containing light fractions with their boiling point below 300{degree}C during the two stage liquefaction combining low temperature and high temperature hydrogenation the conventional NiMo/alumina catalyst and FeS2 catalyst. Although the NiMo/alumina yielded increased oil products during the two stage liquefaction, the lighter oil fractions did not increase and the heavier fractions increased mainly. This suggests that the hydrogenation of aromatic rings and successive cleavage of the rings are necessary for producing the light oil, which is derived from the sufficient hydrogenation of aromatic rings using catalysts. For the two stage reaction with NiMo/KB catalyst, it was considered that sufficient hydrogen was directly transferred to coal molecules at the first stage of the low temperature reaction, which promoted the solubilization of coal and the successive hydrogenation at the high ...

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The effect of powder particle sizes of n- and p-Bi2Te3 on the thermoelectric properties has been studied. The powder was formed from the each ingot and sieve into <63, 63-90 and 90-150{mu}m for p-type, and <355 and >355 {mu}m for n-type. Those powders are pressed followed by CIP, then sinterd at 773K for S. Effects of CIP on the densities were not so large such as 1-4% depending on the powder sizes. The Setback coefficients and electric conductivities for p-type were 110{mu}V/K and 0.8{times}10{sup 2}ohm{sup -1}m{sup -1} at 333K, while 18O{mu}V/K and 2.0{times}10{sup 4}ohm{sup -1}m{sup -l} for n-type, respectively. The thermal conductivity for n-type was 0.7W/mK leading to the figure of merit of 2.1{times}10{sup -3}(/K). The hybrid texture of the suitable amount of smaller and larger grains has a possibility of an improvement for thermoelectric properties. 10 refs., 5 figs., 5 tabs.

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The effects on engine emissions resulting from the intake manifold fumigation of oxygenated fuel and the addition of oxygenates to the fuel have been investigated using a direct-injection diesel engine. The results show that carefully selected oxygenated fuels effectively work to increase the ignition delay because of their low ignition quality and to decrease the combustion temperature due to the low compression gas temperature produced from their large heat of vaporization, thereby reducing levels of Bosch smoke and nitrogen oxides simultaneously. However, supplementary injection of the oxygenates into the intake air causes a drastic increase in the levels of exhaust total hydrocarbons and CO; thus, it can be said that the addition of oxygenates to the fuel is more practical and effective than fumigation if phase separation of the blended fuel may not be occurred. In the case of addition of the oxygenates to the fuel, it is clarified that smoke is directly related to the oxygen ...

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Bilateral breast carcinoma accounts for approximately 5% of all patients with breast cancer, while neuroendocrine breast carcinomas comprise less than 5% of invasive breast carcinomas. In addition, most patients with breast neuroendocrine carcinomas are older. Therefore, bilateral primary breast neuroendocrine carcinoma at a young age is extremely rare. We herein report bilateral neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast in a 29-year-old woman who underwent bilateral lumpectomy with the initial symptom of bilateral nipple discharge. Grossly, the lesions in both breasts were masses with infinite margins. Histologically, this case was consistent with primary neuroendocrine carcinoma arising in bilateral breasts. Cells from both breast tumors were positive for chromogranin A, neuron-specific eno...

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This paper describes an approach to the reliability engineering in aerospace technology. To promote development, configuration management (clarifies the base line of technology), reliability management, quality control, safety management, progress management, and cost management are very important. The following example related to reliability was contained for the development of an N-1 rocket in Japan. A timer and amplifier that are old-fashioned but have actual results were supplied from abroad. The induction system that was purchased from abroad contained faulty components in quality control. The improvement in reliability has priority and the first-stage tank was changed to a home-made aluminum alloy that is superior in stress-resistant corrosiveness. An H-II rocket was completely developed in Japan by self-technology. The number of faults to be generated in the H-II rocket decreases as compared with the N-1 rocket. In the combustion test of an H-II rocket`s first-stage main engine, ...

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This paper describes effects of methods to calculate and analyze bearing capacities and transformation of pile foundations in the limit state design method. Different pile bearing capacity estimating expressions including criteria used in other countries were applied to the case of steel piles driven into the `diatomaceous mudstone ground` in Noto Peninsula, Ishikawa Prefecture where detailed ground and soil surveys have been made, and the case of piles driven in place into the `sandy and clayish soil alternating ground layers` at the Tennoji area in Osaka Prefecture. The results were compared with those of static loading tests. As a result, the estimated bearing capacity limit was found to agree relatively well with the measured values where uniaxial compression strength was used according to the reference architectural formula. The estimated bearing capacity limit using the N-value as the soil constant has underestimated the bearing capacity irrespective of whichever methods in the ...

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Groom-Bailey decomposition analysis was carried out to investigate regional 3-D galvanic distortion on MT data in the central part of Northeastern Japan. Measuring sites were located nearly along the east-west line crossing Northeastern Japan. Three measuring lines (A, B, C) from the north to the south were prepared, and only data on the C line were analyzed in this paper. As a result, twist and shear were estimated to be not zero depending on local distortion in most of the sites. It was thus clarified that this method is not always perfect. This method was effective for regional 2-D structures, however, its application was doubtful to complicated 3-D underground structures in Japan. In order to obtain more accurate results, 2-D analysis using the impedance including no local distortion effect was necessary after the preliminary Groom-Bailey decomposition analysis. The direction of the wide area geological structure of Northeastern Japan was estimated to be N-S direction near NNW-SSE ...

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Described herein are effects of nitrogen dissolved in steel on passivity and pitting corrosion, as one of the major corrosion phenomena observed in stainless steel. Mechanisms involved in controlling pitting corrosion by nitrogen are also discussed. Nitrogen contained in austenic stainless steel is concentrated in the surface area, in particular in the vicinity of the interface between the passive film and metal matrix. Nitrogen tends to decrease critical current density in an acid, when it is added to steel of high critical current density (approximately 1mA/cm{sup 2} or higher). This phenomenon is considered to result from accumulation of nitrogen preferentially in the surface area to prevent dissolution of steel. Nitrogen dissolved in the austenic phase improves resistance of the steel to pitting corrosion. This phenomenon is considered to result from controlled decrease in pH level during the initial stage of pitting corrosion, characterized by evolution of micropits, to help ...

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The effect of atmospheric pressure on tracking resistance of organic insulating materials were investigated in the range of 500 to 1007 hPa. The tracking resistance for Polycarbonate (PC), Modified Polyphenylene Oxide (M-PPO) and Paper Base Phenolic Resin Laminate (PL) increase with the decrease in atmospheric pressure. The scintillating discharges on these samples surface lead to the ignition. The tracking failure on these results from the ignition on the surface. For Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), the tracking resistance decrease with the decrease in atmospheric pressure. The discharges observed on the these surface are the glow-like. The discharge area spreads on the surface between the electrodes at the lower pressure. The failure on this group results from the carbonization by the discharges on the surface. However, the tracking resistance for Unsaturated Polyester Resins (UP) has no significant dependence on lower atmospheric pressure. 9 ...

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It has been clarified by the present authors, based on the plasma nitriding of Fe-Cr alloys and Fe-Ti alloys carried out at the temperature under 550{degree}C hitherto, that an internal nitriding layer is formed due to the fine dispersion of the particles of Cr nitride and Ti nitride in {gamma}{prime} Fe4N layer on the specimen surface. In this study, the plasma nitriding of Fe-Cr alloys are carried out at 650{degree}C, and the effects of the solute (Cr) content on the structures, nitride and the thickness distribution are examined. The main results obtained therefrom are indicated hereafter. In accordance with the observation on the cross-sectional structure of the alloys, only the nitriding layer deduced as the dispersion and precipitation of the particles of Cr nitride from {alpha}-Fe of the mother phase is formed, while {gamma}{prime}-Fe4N layer, which is found at the temperature under 550{degree}C, is not formed. The nitride of Cr generated in the nitriding layer is CrN in all ...

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Austenitic stainless steel castings, such as SCS 13, SCS 14, which consists of {delta}/{gamma} duplex phase, are extensively used as structural material in seawater environments. It is known that SCS 14 involving 2wt% Mo is more resistant to pitting corrosion than SCS 13. In this paper, effects of Mo on the pitting corrosion are discussed in terms of microstructure of the material. The corrosion behavior of the materials with different {delta} ferrite contents and cleanlinesses have been evaluated by seawater exposure testing, electrochemical polarization, and TEM-EDX analysis. The results indicate that pits mainly nucleate at nonmetallic inclusions such as MnS and {delta}/{gamma} boundaries, and materials containing {delta} ferrite above 7vol% have high pitting corrosion resistance. The nucleation at {delta}/{gamma} boundaries is assumed to be due to the segregation of P. It is considered that because of segregation of Mo along {delta}/{gamma} boundaries, SCS 14 is much resistant to ...

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In the wide range from brown coal to anthracite, an investigation was made of effects of heat treatment on physical/chemical properties and of coal rank dependence. For the experiment, 12 kinds of coal samples were used, and for heat treatment, the fluidized bed heated by the electric furnace and the infrared-ray gold image furnace were used. To examine characteristics of the heat-treated coal char, conducted were oxygen gasification, TPD measurement, XRD measurement, alkali metal measurement, and pore distribution measurement. The following were obtained from the experiment. The gasification reaction rate of the char heat-treated in the temperature range between 900{degree}C to 1700{degree}C decreases with a rise of the temperature of heat treatment, and the degree of decrease in the rate depends on coal rank. The order of gasification rate between coal ranks depends on the temperature of heat treatment, and the lower the heat treatment temperature is, the more largely the ...

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For the coal liquefaction, improvement of liquefaction conditions and increase of liquefied oil yield are expected by suppressing the recombination through rapid stabilization of pyrolytic radicals which are formed at the initial stage of liquefaction. Two-stage liquefaction combining prethermal treatment and liquefaction was performed under various conditions, to investigate the effects of reaction conditions on the yields and properties of products as well as to increase liquefied oil yield. Consequently, it was found that the catalyst contributes greatly to the hydrogen transfer to coal at the prethermal treatment. High yield of n-hexane soluble fraction with products having low condensation degree could be obtained by combining the prethermal treatment in the presence of hydrogen and catalyst with the concentration of slurry after the treatment. This was considered to be caused by the synergetic effect between the improvement of liquefaction by suppressing ...

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In relation to coal liquefaction reaction, the effect of the coexistence of transferable hydrogen (TH) from process solvent on reduction of radical concentration and the effect of pre-heat treatment on average structure of coals were studied. In experiment, change in radical concentration with temperature rise was measured using the system composed of Yallourn coal and process solvent. The results are as follows. Process solvent with a wide boiling point range of 180-420{degree}C is effective in suppressing an increase in radical concentration even at higher temperature. The effect of hydrogen-donating solvent increases with TH. It was also suggested that high-boiling point constituents in solvent stabilize radicals even over 400{degree}C by vapor phase hydrogenation. The experimental results of pre-heat treatment are as follows. Although the conversion improvement effect of TH is equivalent to that of the model solvent, TH tends to produce soluble products with smaller ring numbers. ...

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Industrial utilization of reaction mechanisms of microorganisms under anaerobic condition permits structuring energy saving type production processes. The present survey has investigated features of new microorganisms under anaerobic condition and the status of researches thereon inside and outside the country, and discussed their future applications. Chapter 1 compares anaerobic microorganisms and functions of microorganism under anaerobic condition with those aerobic to describe their general features, and describes the purpose of this survey and the summary of the investigations. Chapter 2 surveys the current status of technologies to utilize microorganisms under anaerobic condition. Chapter 3 outlines metabolic characteristics of the anaerobic microorganisms, and extracts functions effective for material production by different anaerobic microorganisms to describe their applicability. Chapter 4 evaluates the system classification for the anaerobic microorganisms utilizing the basic ...

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This is a prompt report. These days the importance of acquiring knowledge about the structure from the lower crust down to the upper mantle is often discussed with reference taken to Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake. The Hidaka collision belt where the lower crust is exposed on the surface is a rare phenomenon in the world and has been the subject of seismic survey. As a part of the survey, experiments are conducted by the use of vibrations produced by Vibroseis and dynamite sources. Every one of the shot records (20-second record) from the two types of vibration sources contains a clear echo in the vicinity of 16 seconds supposedly from a level deeper than 40 kilometers, not to mention reflections from shallow levels. Although some studies have to be conducted before the reflecting geological boundary (possibly the upper mantle) of the echo near the 16-second point can be identified, yet this is probably the reflection from the deepest level ever obtained in the seismic reflection survey ...

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Studies are made on electrode behaviors of hydride ion in eutectic LiCl-KCl molten salt by various electrochemical methods. As a result, it is confirmed and clarified, by cyclic voltammetry, that anode reaction of hydride ion exists and it is a diffusion-controlled, reversible and one-electron reaction. Also, generation of hydrogen gas is confirmed by a potentiostatic electrolysis, and the electrolysis in the current efficiency of about 95% is possible by controlling electric potential. Moreover, results of chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry show that hydride ion is anodically oxidized by the diffusion controlling reaction and the reaction itself is reversible. Results of cyclic voltammetry indicate that a diffusion constant D{sub H} {sup {minus}} equals 3.0 {times}10 {sup {minus}5}cm{sup 2}{center dot}S{sup {minus}1} (425 centigrade). This value corresponds well to the values estimated from chronopotentiometry and chronoamperometry. 9 refs., 13 figs.

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Coal demineralization mechanism and its optimum condition were studied by hydrothermal reaction between Ca(OH)2 and quartz as a coal demineralization model. In experiment, the mixture of powder quartz and Ca(OH)2 water slurry was subjected to reaction in an autoclave under spontaneous pressure at 175-340{degree}C. After dried in N2 gas atmosphere at 105{degree}C, the reaction product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, thermo-balance and differential thermal analysis. In measurement of quartz conversion, the specimen was analyzed by X-ray diffraction after removal of bound water by heat treatment at 850{degree}C. The mixture of clean coal deashed by NaOH and a fixed amount of quartz was also used as specimen for experiment. As the experimental result, dicalcium silicate hydrate was mainly produced at 175{degree}C, and the product changed into xonotlite through tobermorite by longer treatment at higher temperature. For complete reaction of quartz, heat treatments for 7 and 5 hours at 300 ...

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The purpose of this study is to prevent the deactivation of catalysts recycled in the 0.1 t/d bench scale unit (BSU). Catalysts recovered during reactions in the BSU and after reactions in the 5-liter autoclave were analyzed, to investigate the influences of the reaction condition on the property and activity of catalysts. Were used {gamma}-iron oxyhydroxide ({gamma}-FeOOH), {alpha}-iron oxyhydroxide ({alpha}-FeOOH), and natural pyrite (FeS2) as catalysts. At the S/Fe atomic ration of 1.2 under the BSU reaction condition, troilite was more easily formed from {gamma}-FeOOH compared with pyrite and {alpha}-FeOOH. As the reaction proceeded through the first, second, and third reactors, the crystal size increased, the pyrrhotite content decreased, and the troilite content increased. Deactivation due to the formation of troilite was irreversible. At the S/Fe of 3.0, however, both the formation of troilite and the crystal growth of pyrrhotite were not observed. It was found that the ...

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Tar sand bitumen is petroleum-based ultra-heavy oil, and has a great amount of reserve like coal. However, there are still a lot of problems for its highly effective utilization. This paper discusses whether the light components in bitumen show independent behavior during the thermal cracking of heavy components, or not. Solvent effect and reaction mechanism during the thermal cracking are also derived from the change of their chemical structures. Athabasca tar sand bitumen was separated into light and heavy fractions by vacuum distillation based on D-1660 of ASTM. Mixtures of the both fractions at various ratios were used as samples. Negative effect of the light fraction on cracking of the heavy fraction was observed with dealkylation and paraffin formation Polymerization of the dealkylated light fraction to the heavy fraction was suggested due to lack of hydrogen in the thermal cracking under nitrogen atmosphere, which resulted in the formation of polymer. 3 refs., 6 figs.

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With an objective to clarify the interactions between micropore structure of coal and solvent reagents, a sorption experiment was carried out under solvent saturated vapor pressure. Low-volatile bituminous coal, Pocahontas No. 3 coal, has the aromatic ring structure developed, and makes solvent more difficult to diffuse into coal, hence sorption amount is small. Methanol has permeated since its polarity is high. High-volatile bituminous coal, Illinois No. 6 coal, makes solvent penetrate easily, and the sorption amount was large with both of aromatic and polar solvents. Since brown coal, Beulah Zap coal, contains a large amount of oxygen, and hydrogen bonding is predominant, sorption amount of cyclohexane and benzene having no polarity is small. Methanol diffuses while releasing hydrogen bond due to its polarity, and its sorption amount is large. A double sorption model is available, which expresses the whole sorption amount as a sum of physical sorption amount and amount of permeation ...

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Several heat transfer augmentation mechanisms contribute to the heat transfer augmentation around the stagnation point in the gas-solid two-phase impinging jet flow. Among those contributions, that of heat exchange was numerically analyzed and characteristically elucidated by the unsteady direct contact heat conduction at the time of impingement between the laden particles and heat transfer surface. In other words, if the contact time is short between the particles and heat transfer surface, the former is heated by heat stored in the latter as a heat capacity. In such a region, the heat quantity to be transferred to the particles changes by not only the thermal property value (heat capacity multiplied by heat conduction coefficient) of particles but also that of heat transfer surface. Then by using several kinds of particles and heat transfer surface, different in thermal property value, experimental measurement was planned of heat transfer augmentations, different in contribution of ...

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Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films were formed on aluminum foils by a sol-gel process in order to increase the capacitance of the aluminum foils which are used as aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Investigations focussed on the preparation and characterization of the coating solution, the formation of Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films on aluminum foils, and the heat treatment and anodization of the films. The phase transition and electrical properties, such as capacitance, leakage current, and withstand voltage of the Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films were also measured. The Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films annealed at temperatures below 550 degree C were found to be amorphous, but they were crystallized to the orthorhombic phase by annealing at temperatures higher than 580 degree C. The capacitance of the coated samples increased with an increase in the thickness of the formed Nb{sub 2}O{sub 5} thin films, but an increase in leakage current and a decrease in withstand voltage were also observed in those ...

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The influence of (%MgO) and (%T.Fe) in slug on the corrosion resistance of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-C brick was studied at 1,550-1,800{degree}C to apply it to the post combustion zone of an in-bath smelting reduction furnace. The wear rate of the brick was affected strongly by temperature decreasing to 1 2-2 3 for every temperature reduction of 100{degree}C, and it was also more affected by (%T.Fe) than (%MgO) in slug at every temperature. The observation of brick microstructures by reflecting microscopy revealed the preceding wear of a carbon matrix. Based on the consideration that the growth of degraded structures by decarburization also contributes to movement of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} clinkers, the wear rate equation of the Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}-C brick was derived taking into account not only elution of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} clinkers into slug but oxidation and decarburization of the carbon matrix in oxidation atmosphere at high temperature, resulting in the good agreement between calculated and ...

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The heat transfer augmentation effect by the unsteady heat conduction between the particles and heat transfer surface is one of the main factors, causing the heat transfer augmentation around the stagnation point in the gas-solid two-phase impinging jet flow. By separating and evaluating that effect, material influence on it was studied of particles and heat transfer surface, together with change by the jet flow condition. That effect enlarged with enlarging in heat capacity, multiplied by the heat conduction coefficient, of both the particles and heat transfer surface, and if both of them were constant in material combination, was dominated by the contact frequency of particles per unit time. Therefore in case of lading solid particles, equal in weight, that effect enlarges with diminishing in particle diameter. Such a heat transfer augmentation mechanism model is universally applicable to the data by Yoshida et al., using comparatively large diameter particles, and those by Shimizu ...

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The purpose of the present work is to investigate the effects of matrix resin and fiber content on the behavior of fatigue crack propagation in continuous-glass-fiber-mat reinforced CP-resin composites. For this purpose, ductile matrix resin and brittle one are used. These two kinds of resins have the characteristic that the elastic modulus and tensile strength are nearly the same with each other while the elongation is different. The composite specimens are made of these resins and continuous grass fiber mat of 20 wt.% and 60 wt% fiber contents. The fatigue crack propagation test was conducted by using the tapered DCB specimens to control the stress intensity factor range, {delta}K, during the test. The results obtained are as follows; (1) The relation between the crack propagation rate, da/dN, and {delta}K for all the present materials is shown by a straight line in logarithmic representation. (2) For the composites of 20 wt.% fiber content, the da/dN of the ductile matrix composite ...

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Described herein are the results of the FY1994 research program for analysis and evaluation for thin film solar cells. The study on quantitative analysis of hydrogen atoms in a plasma determines quantity of hydrogen atoms in the plasma of monosilane diluted with hydrogen. It is found, contrary to expectation, that quantity of hydrogen atoms in the plasma decreases as it is more diluted with hydrogen. The study on light-induced degradation of the thin chlorine-base amorphous silicon films confirms that the plasma CVD method with 20% of dichlorosilane gas added to monosilane gas produces the thin amorphous silicon film 3 times faster than the conventional method. The thin film has essentially the same defect density as the one prepared by the conventional method, showing good photoelectric characteristics. The thin film of chlorinated amorphous silicon has a 1 digit lower defect density than the conventional one of amorphous silicon, as revealed by the accelerated degradation test with ...

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Historically the organizational models have followed an evolution that has underlined a parallel trend to the complexity of the market, introducing as different mechanisms of coordination. Up to yesterday the winning model it was that hierarchical that however it is not certainly immune from limits. Beginning from eight hundred and especially in the nine hundred experts of organization have studied an alternative or supplementary model to that hierarchical: the bureaucratic model. This last entrusts the organization of the firm to the norms and the procedures considering them like the best integrating mechanism of development of the organizations. Today it is not made that to speak of the model to net, but it would be a serious error if this had to a substitutive model thought of the precedents, that can work then without hierarchy and without alone procedures entirely thanks to the use of Internet. In the present job are individualized new models of management of the private firms and ...

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Purpose: Cardiomyopathy is one of the major complications of {beta} thalassaemia major as a result of transfusion iron overload. The aim of our study is to evaluate with MR if there is any difference of iron deposition signal intensity (SI) or distribution between non-cardiopatic and cardiopatic thalassaemic patients in order to establish if there is a relationship between cardiopathy and iron deposition. Materials and methods: We studied 20 patients affected by {beta} thalassaemia major, of whom 10 cardiopatic and 10 non-cardiopatic, and 10 healthy volunteers as control group. Serum ferritin and left ventricular ejection fraction were calculated in thalassaemic patients. All patients were examinated using a 1.5 MR unit with ECG-gated GE cine-MR T2*-weighted, SE T1-weighted and GE T2*-weighted sequences. In all cases, using an adequate ROI, the myocardial and skeletal muscle signal intensity (SI), the myocardial/skeletal muscle signal intensity radio (SIR) and the SI average of the ...

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Purpose of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness and role of CT in blunt diaphragmatic injuries by reviewing our 8-year experience. It is reviewed the preoperative CT findings of 35 patients with surgically confirmed diaphragmatic rupture. Surgical repair was performed in the acute setting (within 12 hours of trauma) in 22 cases, and late (8 months-5 years) in 13 cases. Twenty-eight patients (80%) were examined with conventional CT and 7 (20%) with Helical CT. Of the 13 patients examined long after trauma, the left hemi diaphragm was ruptured in 12 cases (with visceral herniation in 4), and the right hemi diaphragm in 1, with no herniation. The diaphragmatic rent was found in the dome (15 cases, 43%), muscolotendinous junction (11 cases, 31%), muscular portion (8 cases, 23%), and at the muscular attachments on the ribs (1 case, 3%). As for the site of diaphragmatic injury, CT never depicted the diaphragmatic rent in the dome and at the muscolotendinous junction (74%), not even ...