Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bone marrow is one of the most radiosensitive organs. Irradiation causes a marked decrease in the total number of hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. The reticular meshwork structure of marrow stromal cells, however, is relatively resistant to irradiation. Unimpaired stromal cell structure has been thought to be a prerequisite for the repopulation of hematopoietic cells during recovery from the effects of irradiation. The reticular framework is maintained by cell adhesion apparatuses such as gap junctions. The in vitro radiobiologic survival values of a cloned stromal cell line, H-1/A, were studied (n = 1.8, D0 = 138 cGy). Radiation doses of up to 4000 cGy had no detectable effects on the production of colony-stimulating factor 1. H-1/A cells communicate with each other via gap junctions as determined by the sensitive dye-transfer method. Gap-junctional communication between ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report on the fabrication of nanomechanical devices for shuttling of electrons from one electrode to another. Each device consists of a 20 nm diameter gold nanoparticle embedded within the gap between two gold electrodes. In two different kinds of shuttle-junctions the nanoparticle is attached to the electrodes through either (i) a single layer of 1,8-octanedithiol or (ii) a multilayer of 1-octanethiol molecules. The thiol layers play the role of 'damped springs', such that when a sufficient voltage bias is applied to the junction, the nanoparticle is expected to start oscillating and thereby transferring electrons from one electrode to the other. For both kinds of shuttle-junctions we observed an abrupt increase in the transmitted current above a threshold voltage, which can be attributed to a transition from the stationary to the oscillating regime. The threshold voltage was found to be lower for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Systematic studies of the NdFeAsOF superconducting energy gap using point-contact Andreev-reflection (PCAR) spectroscopy are presented. At low temperatures the PCAR conductance spectra show a pair of gap-like peaks at about {+-} (4-7) mV and in most cases also a pair of humps at around {+-} 10 mV. Fits to the s-wave two-gap model of the PCAR conductance allowed to determine two superconducting energy gaps in the system. However, the energy-gap features disappear at T* = 15-20 K, much below the particular T{sub c} of the junction under study. At T* a zero-bias conductance (ZBC) peak emerges, which at higher temperatures usually overwhelms the spectrum with an intensity significantly higher than the conductance signal at lower temperatures. Possible causes of this unexpected temperature effect are discussed. In some cases the conductance spectra show just a ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In many industrialised societies, women remain underrepresented in the sciences, which can be predicted by the gender gap in math achievement at school. Using PISA 2006 data, we explore the role of family background and single-sex schooling in girls' disadvantage in maths in South Korea and Hong Kong. This disadvantage is found to be associated with single-sex schooling, but not with family background. Attending a girls' school confers a benefit only in South Korea, whereas the gendered curriculum counteracts the selectivity advantage of girls' schools in Hong Kong. We find that a gendered social structure prevalent in both societies.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

GaAs1-xPx p-n junction structures were grown on the epi-ready n-type GaAs(100) substrate by solid source MBE system for different phosphor compositions. To obtain the lattice-match sample structure was applied graded growth procedure. The structural and optical properties of the sample structures with different P concentration were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). In addition, The range of lattice parameters in the graded epilayer and phosphorous composition were determined from the HRXRD rocking curve simulation. We analyse dielectric function spectra of disordered GaAs1-xPx junction structures measured using spectroscopic ellipsometry at room temperature in the 0.6-4.7 eV photon energy region. The critical energy points such as band gap energy and spin-orbit-split energy of these structures were determined using SE data. It is detected that E0, E1 ,E2 energies of the ...

CERN Document Server

A recurrent idea in the study of complex systems is that optimal information processing is to be found near bifurcation points or phase transitions. However, this heuristic hypothesis has few (if any) concrete realizations where a standard and biologically relevant quantity is optimized at criticality. Here we give a clear example of such a phenomenon: a network of excitable elements has its sensitivity and dynamic range maximized at the critical point of a non-equilibrium phase transition. Our results are compatible with the essential role of gap junctions in olfactory glomeruli and retinal ganglionar cell output. Synchronization and global oscillations also appear in the network dynamics. We propose that the main functional role of electrical coupling is to provide an enhancement of dynamic range, therefore allowing the coding of information spanning several orders of magnitude. The mechanism could provide a microscopic neural basis for ...

Science.gov (United States)

A declaration for achieving universal basic education adopted by the World Conference on Education for All in Jomtien, Thailand, as it relates to Latin America is discussed in this paper. The document then offers an examination of educational expansion in Latin America, a discussion of disproportionate educational budget cuts, and an analysis of challenges that stem from two trends: (1) the growing gap between population growth and educational expansion; and (2) low educational quality and high repetition rates. Proposals are offered for major, gradual educational reforms based on an increased level of fiscal resources, and a change in resource management responsive to economic needs. The major obstacle to implementation is argued to be the political economy of education and of adjustment. International support of local initiatives is important in achieving basic educational equity. (33 references) (LMI)

Science.gov (United States)

The role of intracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+i) on hematopoiesis was investigated in long term bone marrow cultures using cytokines and agonists of P2 receptors. Cytokines interleukin 3 and granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulator factor promoted a modest increase in Ca2+i concentration ([Ca2+]i) with activation of phospholipase Cgamma, MEK1/2, and Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II. Involvement of protein kinase C was restricted to stimulation with interleukin 3. In addition, these cytokines promoted proliferation (20 times) and an increase in the Gr-1(-)Mac-1+ population with participation of gap junctions (GJ). Nevertheless ATP, ADP, and UTP promoted a large increase in [Ca2+]i, moderate proliferation (6 times), a reduction in the primitive Gr-1(-)Mac-1(-)c-Kit+ population, and differentiation into macrophages without participation of GJ. It is likely that Ca2+i participates as a regulator of hematopoietic signaling: moderate increases in [Ca2+]i would be ...

Science.gov (United States)

... decoherence. Descriptors : *QUANTUM COMPUTING, NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS. Subject ...

CERN Document Server

Web conferencing tools have entered the mainstream of business applications. Using web conferencing for IEEE conferences has a good potential of adding value to both organizers and participants. Authors propose a concept of Truly Integrated Conference (TIC) according to which a multi-point worldwide-distributed network of conference online authors/participants will enhance the standard (centralized) IEEE conference model, which requires attendance of the participants in person at the main conference location. The concept entails seamless integration of the onsite and online conference systems, including data/presentation, video, audio channels. Benefits and challenges of the TIC concept are analyzed. Requirements to the web conferencing system capable of supporting the TIC conference are presented and reviewed against commercial web ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Single-channel currents from acetylcholine receptor channels of garter snake neuromuscular junctions were recorded using the patch-clamp technique. Low concentrations of acetylcholine or carbamylcholine...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Insofar as international conferences reflect the state of development of the subject under discussion, they provide an opportunity to question, at a rather fundamental level, the direction of and progress...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effect of opioid receptor blockade on the myocardial protection conferred by chronic exercise and to compare exercise training with different strategies...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this article carbon co-implantation and step-by-step thermal treatments of shallow p"+-n-junctions formation were used with the purpose of extended defect suppression and reduction of boron transient enhanced diffusion. A substantial improvement of the structural and electrical parameters of shallow p"+-n-junctions has been achieved by using the additional carbon implantation and step-by-step thermal treatments. (authors)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report the fabrication of p"+/n junctions using Ge"+, C"+, and B"+ co-implantation and a spike anneal. The best junction exhibits a depth of 26 nm, vertical abruptness of 3 nm/decade, and sheet resistance of 520 Ohm/square. The junction location is defined by where the boron concentration drops to 10"1"8 cm"-"3. These junctions are close to the International Technology Roadmap specifications for the 65 nm technology node and are achieved by careful engineering of amorphization, stresses, and point defects. Advanced simulation of boron diffusion is used to understand and optimize the process window. The simulations show that the optimum process completely suppresses the transient-enhanced diffusion of boron and the formation of boron-interstitial clusters. This increases the boron solubility to 20% above the equilibrium solid-state solubility.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Pigments possessing the ability to confer high solar reflectance have received considerable attention in recent years. The inorganic class of NIR reflective pigments are mainly metal oxides and are primarily employed in two applications: (i) visual camouflage and (ii) reducing heat build up. More than half of the solar radiation consists of near-infrared radiation (52%), the remaining being 43% visible light and 5% ultraviolet radiation. Over heating due to solar radiation negatively affects comfort in the built environment and contributes substantially to electrical consumption for air conditioning and release of green house gases. A pigment which has strong reflections in the NIR region (780-2500 nm) can be referred to as a 'cool' pigment. However, most of the NIR reflective inorganic pigments particularly yellow (eg. cadmium yellow, lead chromate, chrome titanate yellow etc.) contain toxic metals and hence their consumption is being limited. Replacing ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigated the electrical characteristics and the junction depth of ultra-shallow junctions formed by using the plasma-doping method. Compared with ultra-low energy boron-ion implantation at 500 eV, the junctions formed with the plasma-doping process exhibited shallow junction depths and low sheet resistances. The junction depths of the plasma-doped samples were 150 A and 330 A after annealing for 10 s at 900 .deg. C and 950 .deg. C, respectively. For the same junction depth, the sheet resistance of the B_2H_6 plasma-doped sample was an order of magnitude less than that of the 500-eV B-ion implanted sample. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and deep level transient spectroscopy showed that the defects formed by the B_2H_6 plasma-doping process could be removed by annealing at 950 .deg. C for 10 s. The scaling of metal-oxide-semiconductor ...

Science.gov (United States)

UV dwarf star evolution, using central and gap star models emphasizing photoneutrino emission

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present a study of the interaction between Josephson junctions in circular superconducting rings and non-classical microwaves, treating both quantum mechanically. A Hamiltonian that describes both inductive and capacitive coupling between the two systems is derived within the external field approximation. Other Hamiltonians which go beyond the external field approximation, and describe explicitly the interaction of the quantum circuit that produces the non-classical microwaves with the Josephson junction circuit, are also presented. A comparison between current experiments which use classical electromagnetic fields and the proposed experiments that use non-classical microwaves, is made. (orig.) With 6 figs., 32 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the thermal hydraulics codes developed for fire safety analysis and for containment thermal hydraulic analysis, junctions in the multi-compartment geometries is often modeled as uni-directional junctions. However, ceiling junctions are known to depict unstable/oscillatory bi-directional flow behavior. Detailed investigations have been carried out to understand the unstable flow behaviour of a junction by analyzing an earlier reported experiment and its subsequent two dimensional numerical RANS based study of fire in an enclosure. The authors attempt more realistic and desired three dimensional and inherently transient large eddy simulations using a computer code Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The paper presents the details of the analysis, the results obtained and further studies required to be conducted so that the findings can be applied to the fire/containment thermal hydraulics analysis codes ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Our previous point-contact Andreev reflection studies of the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn{sub 5} using Au tips have shown two clear features: reduced Andreev signal and asymmetric background conductance. To explore their physical origins, we have extended our measurements to point-contact junctions between single crystalline heavy-fermion metals and superconducting Nb tips. Differential conductance spectra are taken on junctions with three heavy-fermion metals, CeCoIn{sub 5}, CeRhIn{sub 5}, and YbAl{sub 3}, each with different electron mass. In contrast with Au/CeCoIn{sub 5} junctions, Andreev signal is not reduced and no dependence on effective mass is observed. A possible explanation based on a two-fluid picture for heavy fermions is proposed.

Science.gov (United States)

... The three meteorological rocket systems, in order of ... IC3 and IC4 divides the incoming clock pulses f ... at the junction of the temperature sensor and R ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report described the papers presented at the 24. International Cosmic Ray Conference held at Rome in 28 August - 8 September 1995

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Separate abstracts were prepared for 60 papers in this volume of conference proceedings. None other papers in the proceedings were previously abstracted for EDB. Also included in the proceedings but not indexed separately are six workshop summaries and a session introduction. (LEW)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This conference was attended by experts on current issues in engineering of an urban ecosystem, composting, biofuels and green energy. The meeting provided a forum to discuss advances in the application of engineering principles and practices dealing with biological systems for the production of food, bioproducts and energy. The discussions focused on engineering practices in agriculture, forestry, bioresources, biochemistry and biosystems. The 7 technical sessions of the conference were entitled: aquaculture; safety and training; bioprocessing; energy production and biofuels; environment and ecology; soil and water; and development of technologies. The conference feature 58 presentations, of which 9 have been catalogued separately for inclusion in this database. refs., tabs., figs.

Science.gov (United States)

The estimated parameter covariance matrix is computed from8. ) ( ) 1. 2. T. T. ( ) ( )(. ?. ?. ?. Cov. E. ??. . ?. = . ? ? ? ? ?. ?. = ?. ?. ? ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The author presents his impressions of the conference - that is - major lessons as presented in the talks on nonlinearities and their role in condensed matter physics. (WRF)

Science.gov (United States)

with the support and cooperation of the American Meteorological Society, the Marine Technology Society, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Institute...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

These proceedings represent papers presented at the Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, USA. The topic of the Conference was the evolution of x-ray binaries and the papers encompass a wide range of subjects on x-ray astronomy. There were one hundred eighteen papers presented at the Conference and out of these three have been abstracted for the Energy Science and Technology database.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conference abstract book contains seven sections: Plenary-4 abstracts; Chemical-9 abstracts; Radiation-7 abstracts; Ultra Low Doses and Medicine-6 abstracts; Biomedical-11 abstracts; Risk Assessment-5 abstracts and Poster Sessions-25 abstracts. Each abstract was provided by the author/presenter participating in the conference.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on 2004 Gordon Research Conference on Reversible Associations in Structure & Molecular Biology was held at Four Points Sheraton, CA, 1/25-30/2004. The Conference was well attended with 82 participants (attendees list attached). The attendees represented the spectrum of endeavor in this field coming from academia, industry, and government laboratories, both U.S. and foreign scientists, senior researchers, young investigators, and students.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thermally recyclable Nb point-contact Josephson junctions are investigated as low-noise mixers with an external local oscillator at 115 GHz. The best single sideband mixer noise temperature achieved is 140 ( +- 20) K with a (SSB) conversion loss of 2.4 ( +- 0.5) dB. Such rugged junctions are suitable for use in practical receivers and should give unprecedented sensitivity at the shorter millimeter wavelengths.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The recently observed phenomenon of boron uphill diffusion during low-temperature annealing of ultrashallow ion-implanted junctions in silicon has been investigated. It is shown that the effect is enhanced by preamorphization, and that an increase in the depth of the preamorphized layer reduces uphill diffusion in the high-concentration portion of boron profile, while increasing transient enhanced diffusion in the tail. The data demonstrate that the magnitude of the uphill diffusion effect is determined by the proximity of boron and implant damage to the silicon surface.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The electrical transport taking place in the {mu}c-Si tunnel recombination junction (TRJ) of a-Si:H/a-Si:H tandem solar cells and the role of CO{sub 2} plasma oxidation performed between microcrystalline layers is investigated in this paper with the computer code AMPS. Oxidized interfaces were modelled as simple highly defective intrinsic {mu}c-Si layers. Two different tunnel junction structures are studied in this paper: (a) (n){mu}c-Si/oxide/(p){mu}c-Si and (b) (n){mu}c-Si/(i){mu}c-Si/(p){mu}c-Si. In the last configuration the oxide interface is removed and replaced by a thin defective (i) {mu}c-Si layer. Both tunnel junctions have comparable theoretical and experimental tandem solar cell efficiencies which indirectly proves that our modelling assumption for oxidised interfaces is correct. A-Si:H/a-Si:H tandem solar cell efficiencies depend on the thickness of the intrinsic layer introduced in the tunnel ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This conference provided a forum for discussing advances in the application of engineering principles and practices dealing with biological systems for the production of food, bioproducts and energy. The discussions focused on engineering practices in agriculture, forestry, bioresources, biochemistry and biosystems. The sessions of the conference were entitled: renewable energy and biofuels; food and bioproducts; odour and greenhouse gases; soil and water; waste management and bioresiduals; animal welfare and production; grain storage; machinery systems; structures and biocomposites; and, agricultural production. The conference also featured a workshop on modeling material and energy flows through agro-ecosystems. In addition to 22 posters, the conference featured 100 presentations, of which 8 have been catalogued separately for inclusion in this database. refs., tabs., figs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This article reports on a one-semester Advanced Cell Biology course that endeavors to bridge the gap between gaining basic textbook knowledge about cell biology and learning to think and work as a researcher....Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... failure at Goodwood and General Montgomery's continued failure to aggressively pursue the ground campaign. Air Chief ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Our investigation concerns the class of Josephson-like systems, sharing the same nonlinear Hamiltonian. Among the latter a Josephson junction with an external biasing circuit is considered. We diagonalize the fully nonlinear Hamiltonian (in the superconductive regime of the junction) in the Fock space of the TBHA (two-boson Heisenberg algebra) and prove that such algebra leads quite naturally to the theoretical realization of codewords and logical operators: the codewords are defined as the even and odd coherent states of the TBHA, while the logical operators are expressed in terms of operators in the same algebra. Our theoretical construction corresponds to a continuous variable quantum computation scheme; the continuous variables are identified in terms of the physical operators of the junction. The link between this scheme and the technique of fermionization of bosonic systems is also discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the role of the strain-relaxation processes on the leakage current of embedded SiGe S/D junctions. Current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics were measured to further investigate the relaxation degree of embedded SiGe S/D junctions in the regime where partial relaxation by misfits dislocations is assumed, yielding a reduction of the leakage current density. Further, the impact of the ion implantation-related defects on the electrical performance is discussed. The analysis is complemented with structural characterization based on High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and Nomarski microscopy. (copyright 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co. KGaA, Weinheim) (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) calculations of a typical prismatic very high temperature gas-cooled reactor (VHTR) were conducted to investigate the influence of gap geometry on flow and temperature distributions in the reactor core using commercial CFD code FLUENT. Parametric calculations changing the gap width in a whole core length model of fuel and reflector columns were performed. The simulations show the effects of core by-pass flows in the heated core region by comparing results for several gap widths including zero gap width. The calculation results underline the importance of considering inter-column gap width for the evaluation of maximum fuel temperatures and temperature gradients in fuel blocks. In addition, it is shown that temperatures of core outlet flow from gaps and channels are strongly affected by the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Marine Technology Society 1994 conference was held in Washington, D.C., September 7-9, 1994. Titled Challenges and Opportunities in the Marine Environment, the conference offered a wide variety of presentations. State-of-the-art technology, government policies and regulations, and environmental concerns were addressed. Offshore mining, coastal zone management, marine engineering, oceanographic research, educational issues, and global climate change were also well represented in the presentations. The conference proceedings are organized around the daily sessions and roughly 70% of the papers are included.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The theme of the conference was 'The paradox: today's coal technologies versus tomorrow's promise'. The sessions covered: today's technologies, tomorrow's potential; economic stability; energy security; transition to sustainable energy future; new coal power technologies leading to zero emission coal; existing power plants - improved performance through use of new technology; and carbon capture and storage R & D - challenges and opportunities. Some of the papers only consist of the viewgraphs/overheads.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Background/Aims: Transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) initiates and maintains epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which causes disassembly of tight junctions and loss of epithelial cell polarity. In mature hepatocytes during EMT induced by TGF-b, changes in the expression of tight junction proteins and the fence function indicated that epithelial cell polarity remains unclear. Methods: In the present study, using primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes at day 10 after plating, in which epithelial cell polarity is well maintained by tight junctions, we examined the effects of 0.01-20 ng/ml TGF-b on the expression of the integral tight junction proteins, claudin-1, -2 and occludin, as well as the fence function. Results: In adult rat hepatocytes, TGF-b induced EMT, which was ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

High-power arc lamp design has enabled ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) annealing as an alternative to conventional rapid thermal processing (RTP) for ultrashallow junction formation. The time duration of the UHT annealing technique is significantly reduced from those obtained through conventional RTP. This difference in time may offer the ability to maintain a highly activated ultrashallow junction without being subjected to transient enhanced diffusion (TED), which is typically observed during postimplant thermal processing. In this study, two 200-mm (100) n-type Czochralski-grown Si wafers were preamorphized with either a 48- or a 5-keV Ge"+ implant to 5x10"1"4 cm"2, and subsequently implanted with 3-keV BF_2"+ molecular ions to 6x10"1"4 cm"2. The wafers were sectioned and annealed under various conditions in order to investigate the effects of the UHT annealing technique on the resulting junction characteristics. The main ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The leading challenge in the continued scaling of junctions made by ion implantation and annealing is the control of the undesired transient enhanced diffusion (TED) effect. Spike annealing has been used as a means to reduce this effect and has proven successful in previous nodes. The peak temperature in this process is typically 1050 deg. C and the time spent within 50 deg. C of the peak is of the order of 1.5 seconds. As technology advances along the future scaling roadmap, further reduction or elimination of the enhanced diffusion effect is necessary. We have shown that raising the peak temperature to 1175 deg. C or more and reduction of the anneal time at peak temperature to less than a millisecond is effective in eliminating enhanced diffusion. We show that it is possible to employ a sequence of millisecond anneal followed by spike anneal to obtain profiles that do not exhibit gradient degradation at the junction and have ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Evaluates experiments aimed at selecting optimum design and technical specifications of a support system for junctions of gate roads and longwall faces mined by shearer loaders and powered supports. A set of supports used at a junction of a working face and a gate road consisted of 2 supports (each made up of a roof bar and two hydraulic props). Roof bar length ranged from 4.0 to 5.5 m and from 7.0 to 9.0 m respectively. The support roof bars were parallel to the longitudinal axis of a gate road. Stress distribution in strata surrounding a junction of a working face and a gate road was analyzed. The finite element method was used. Convergence of the roof and the floor of a gate road depending on support yield strength and distance from a measuring point to the supports was analyzed. Recommendations are made for optimum yield strength of the supports. Nomograms for selecting optimum support yield strength are given. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The main challenges for PMOS ultra shallow junction formation remain the transient enhanced diffusion (TED) and the solid solubility limit of boron in silicon. It has been demonstrated that low energy boron implantation and spike annealing are key in meeting the 90nm technology node ITRS requirements. To meet the 65nm technology requirements many studies have used fluorine co-implantation with boron and Si"+ or Ge"+ pre-amorphization (PAI) and spike annealing. Although using BF_2"+ can be attractive for its high throughput, self-amorphization and the presence of fluorine, many studies have shown that the fluorine successfully reduce TED, its energy needs to be well optimized with respect to the boron's, therefore BF_2"+ does not present the right fluorine/boron energy ratio for the optimum junction formation. In this work we optimize the fluorine energy for boron energies down to 200eV. We show the dependence of optimized ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Excellent silicided shallow p{sup +}n junctions have been successfully achieved by the implantation of BF{sub 2}{sup +} ions into thin Pd{sub 2}Si films on Si substrates to a dose of 5 {times} 10{sup 15} cm{sup {minus}2} and subsequent low temperature (even at 550 C) furnace annealing. The formed junctions have been characterized for respective implantation conditions. In this experiment, the implant energy is the key role in obtaining a low leakage diode. Reverse current density of about 3 nA/cm{sup 2} and an ideality factor of about 1.05 can be attained by the implantation of BF{sub 2}{sup +} ions at 80 keV and subsequent annealing at 550 C. The junction depth is about 0.09 {mu}m, measured by the spread resistance method. As compared with the results of unimplanted specimens, the implantation of BF{sub 2}{sup +} ions into a thin Pd{sub 2}Si layer can stabilize the silicide film and prevent it from forming islands during ...

Science.gov (United States)

During Phase II multi-junction solar cell will be grown on the large grain thin film produced during Phase I on flexible/low cost metal foil substrate. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

SUMMARYAmeloblastin (AMBN) is the second most abundant extracellular matrix protein produced by the epithelial cells called ameloblasts and is found mainly in forming dental enamel....Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... changes in the wing shock/ separation patterns throughout ... to Reynolds number and tunnel flow quality before ... AGARD Conference Proceedings No ...

Science.gov (United States)

... a fully equipped kitchen with microwave and electric cooktop, ensuite bathroom with bath and shower, laundry with ... ...

Science.gov (United States)

Aug 21, 1995... F.D. Two Southern Supernova Remnants Shibazaki, N. Effect of a Superfluid- Crust Coupling on the Neutron Star Evolution Siddiqui, ...

Science.gov (United States)

Inventory Project home page Reports, Posters, Presentations Internet Tools - Digital Libraries, IMS's Maps, Aerial Photographs Meetings & Conferences Photo Tours - all...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Papers from 3 separate conferences are given. The international coal conference covered: advances in control technologies; advances in remote sensing and monitoring; financing and marketing for the future; global climate; health and safety technology; and improving coal's image. Papers from the international minerals and metals conference covered; environmental challenges; financial trends; industry forecast; management strategies; technology advancement; and trade in a changing world. The U.S. issues conference discussed: access to public lands - can you mine if you can't look; innovative technologies in coal mining; innovative technologies in minerals and metals; managing human resource issues; management - controlling costs into the 21st century; and mine waste and water issues.

Science.gov (United States)

Mechanisms, AGARD Conference Proceedings No. 131, 1974, Paper No. 11. ... Olsen, W. and Karchmer, A., Lip Noise Generated by Flow Separation From Nozzle ...

Science.gov (United States)

Frm Apwd Dcn,-fl r%,'I-UMENTATION PAGE OMI Mo 04ve On isestVIaVO= to aere hourer p ponse ncudhngthe time for reviewing instrutions. ...

CERN Multimedia

Speaking to thousands of attendees at Oracle's customer and partner conference, Chairman and CEO Larry Ellison launched Oracle's Grid Computing initiative (1/2 page).

Science.gov (United States)

Inventory Project home page Reports, Posters, Presentations Internet Tools - Digital Libraries, IMS's Maps, Aerial Photographs Meetings & Conferences Photo Tours - all...

Science.gov (United States)

... 2 Page 27. I PROGRESS: DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTERACTIVE (;RAPHliCS PROGRAM FOR -"M CODES I. Pcng. 1. Choi. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The 5-th International conference 'Nuclear and Radiation Physics' was held in Almaty (Kazakhstan) 26-29 September 2005. Besides basic problems of nuclear and solid state physics the conference paid considerable attention to applied topics important for industry and science in Kazakhstan; they include fuel and construction materials for nuclear power production, new technologies and materials for their production, materials for hydrogen power production, handling and utilization of radioactive waste, analytical methods for combating with illicit trafficking of nuclear and radioactive materials, technologies for reduction and assessment of environmental risk from radiation-hazardous materials and sites, production and application of isotopes, application of nuclear technologies in medicine and industry. On the conference more than 300 papers were presented by participants from 20 countries.

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADD801284. Title : A Computer Vision System for Inspection of Light Emitting Diodes. Descriptive Note : Conference paper,. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The method is used for repairing armored logging cables. It consists of preparing armor, subsequent connection of current-conducting strands and wires of the armor, and laying of the armor. Sections of connecting the wires of the armor of the lower and upper layers are scattered over the length of the fused section of the cable. In order to improve the fault strength of the cable, the junctions of connection of the armor wires are scattered among themselves at a distance determined by the Euler formula, and thermal tempering of the wire sections is carried out near these junctions, and then the fused section of the cable is reinforced.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Twenty rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with involvement of the cranio-cervical junction (CCJ) were given CT scan. In most cases the myelo-CT technique with the lumbar injection of small quantities of non-ionic contrast medium was adopted; CT easily diagnosed the horizontal and vertical dislocations on the CCJ, the bone strcture lesions and the inflammatory masses. A high frequency of medullary compressions was also found in these patients. Myelo-CT appears to be the technique of choice for the precise definition of the various factors responsible for the neurological complications found in RA of the CCJ.

Wastenet

...The system recognises the name and confirms it before it starts to dial. To stop the number being dialled say 'cancel'. If ...of the conference : Press the Recall 'R' button and listen for holding dial tone. Select extension or outside number of the person to ...who is going to join the conference Press Recall 'R' to receive dial tone and select '*' and '4'. The call is ...line is faulty and should be reported to the switchboard operators by dialling '0' and giving full details of the fault, the extension ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A summary of the topics covered in papers presented at the 1995 Brookhaven joint conference on production, neutralization, and application of negative ion beams is given. The conference topics covered included plasma ion sources, plasma seeding of these sources for increased ion production, beam extraction and transport, computer simulation and design studies, and operation of existing and experimental ion source facilities. Application of the sources to accelerator, tokamak, and thin film deposition are discussed. (AIP) {copyright} {ital 1996 American Institute of Physics.}

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document contains papers which were presented at the First ACM International Conference on Digital Libraries. Topics processed for this document included information retrieval and index structures for structured documents. Individual papers have been processed separately for the United States Department of Energy databases.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Separate abstracts were prepared for 20 papers in this conference report and includes all papers in the ''engineering'' section (program E). Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), moorings, cables, corrosion protection, corrosion testing, coatings, offshore platforms, pipelines, OTEC models and pilot plants, and energy transfer are topics discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This Insight conference was held to review many of the legal aspects, legislation and regulations dealing with abandoned wells within the petroleum and natural gas industry. Remedial actions to rehabilitate the abandoned sites, legal issues in abandonment, obligations of the owner, the industry-sponsored Orphans Wells Program, were some of the topics discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This book presents the papers given at a conference on two-phase flow. Topics considered at the conference included the thermal hydraulics of a feedwater pipe breakage, pressure losses, measurement of void fraction in a rod bundle, laminar filmwise condensation, natural circulation, flow models, bubble dynamics, cavitation, water hammer, and heat transfer augmentation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book contains the Proceedings of the Conference on Climate and Water under the following groupings: Impacts of climatic variability and change-resulting from the changes in hydrological variables; Aquatic environment; Terrestrial environment; Coastal zones and navigation; Urban and industrial water supply and drainage; Energy production; Intropogenic changes of climate and water management problems; Flood potential; Irrigation and land drainage.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heat transfer and flow characteristics of water boiling flow were experimentally investigated in narrow horizontal rectangular channels with the gaps of 0.6mm-2.03mm. The heat transfer of two-phase boiling flow was weakend in smaller gap. The two-phase friction pressure drop decreased with the gap size and the two-phase friction multipliers were smaller compared with those in normal channels. Correlations to predict te boiling heat transfer coefficients were obtained. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper presents a new method for the determination of the energy gap of superconductors. The V/sub max//kT versus #DELTA#/kT curve was calculated from tunneling theory. The maximum voltage in differential conductance V/sub max/ was measured from the electron tunneling spectrum. From V/sub max//kT and the curve, one can easily calculate the energy gap value #DELTA#. This method is simple, and the accuracy almost approaches that of the curve-fitting method.

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The group- V vacancy pair, the so-called E-center, has recently been demonstrated to have, both in Si and Ge, more complicated energy-level schemes in the energy gap than were previously assumed. The E-center in silicon has, in addition to its well-established single-acceptor level in the upper half of the band gap, also a donor level in the lower half of the band gap; this donor level has lain hidden for more than 40 years. The E-center in Ge has an even more complicated level scheme as it induces, in addition to two levels analogous to those found in Si, also a double-acceptor level in the upper half of the band gap. Thus the E-center in Si can exist in three charge states and the E-center in Ge in four.

Science.gov (United States)

... an Page 15. NSWC TR 86-32 exploding bridgewire detonator containing PETN rather, than a pri'mary explosive. However ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The disrupted magnetic braking theory for the period gap of cataclysmic variable systems is used to study the binary evolution of low-mass main-sequence-like stars with white dwarf companions. The model is able to reproduce the observed location and width of the gap provided that the average mass transfer rates above the upper edge of the gap are greater than about 1.9 x 10 to the -9th solar masses/yr. For the case of angular momentum loss by magnetic braking, the slope of the mass transfer rate with respect to orbital period is shown to range from 3.4 to 3.7. For the evolutionary sequences considered, the He-3 abundance at the surface of the secondary exceeds 0.0015 after the complete mixing phase, resulting in modifications in the nuclear burning development of nova explosions. 31 refs.

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Energy flows in deep inelastic electron-proton scattering are investigated at a centre-of-mass energy of 296 GeV for the range Q{sup 2}{>=}10 GeV{sup 2} using the ZEUS detector. A comparison is made between events with and without a large rapidity gap between the hadronic system and the proton direction. The energy flows, corrected for detector acceptance and resolution, are shown for these two classes of events in both the HERA laboratory frame and the Breit frame. From the differences in the shapes of these energy flows we conclude that QCD radiation is suppressed in the large-rapidity-gap events compared to the events without a large rapidity gap. (orig.)

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Our Andreev reflection measurements (Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 (2001) 137005) along with other experiments have led to a general consensus that MgB{sub 2} is a multiband superconductor with two main superconducting gaps closing at the same T{sub c}. Here we show the behavior of the small gap as a function of the temperature and magnetic field. This gap is isotropic with T{sub c} of the bulk material but with a specific small (crossover) critical magnetic field of about 1 T much lower than the real H{sub c2}. The latter field is anisotropic and is rather governed by the large gap and strongly anisotropic Fermi surface of the material.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This Environmental Assessment (EA) reviews the environmental consequences associated with the proposed action of granting a site use permit to construct and operate a conference center on an approximately 70-acre tract of land on the Savannah River Site (SRS). While the proposed action requires an administrative decision by DOE, this EA reviews the linked action of physically constructing and operating a conference center. The SRS is a DOE-owned nuclear production facility encompassing approximately 200,000 acres in southwestern South Carolina. The proposed conference center would have an area of approximately 4,000 square feet, and would infrequently accommodate as many as 150 people, with the average being about 20 people per day. In addition to the No-Action alternative, under which the Research Foundation would not require the 70-acre tract of SRS land for a conference center, this EA considers site ...

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This report contains information about the effect of frequency on the breakdown voltage of an air gap at standard pressure and temperature, 76 mm Hg and O{degrees}C, respectively. The frequencies of interest are 47 MHz and 60 MHz. Additionally, the breakdown in vacuum is briefly considered. The breakdown mechanism is explained on the basis of collision and ionization. The presence of the positive ions produced by ionization enhances the field in the gap, and thus determines the breakdown. When a low-frequency voltage is applied across the gap, the breakdown mechanism is the same as that caused by the DC or static voltage. However, when the frequency exceeds the first critical value f{sub c}, the positive ions are trapped in the gap, increasing the field considerably. This makes the breakdown occur earlier; in other words, the breakdown voltage is lowered. As the frequency increases two decades or more, ...

CERN Document Server

In this paper we study half-BPS type IIB supergravity solutions with multiple $AdS_3\\times S^3\\times M_4$ asymptotic regions, where $M_4$ is either $T^4$ or $K_3$. These solutions were first constructed in [1] and have geometries given by the warped product of $AdS_2 \\times S^2 \\times M_4 $ over $\\Sigma$, where $\\Sigma$ is a Riemann surface. We show that the holographic boundary has the structure of a star graph, i.e. $n$ half-lines joined at a point. The attractor mechanism and the relation of the solutions to junctions of self-dual strings in six-dimensional supergravity are discussed. The solutions of [1] are constructed introducing two meromorphic and two harmonic functions defined on $\\Sigma$. We focus our analysis on solutions corresponding to junctions of three different conformal field theories and show that the conditions for having a solution charged only under Ramond-Ramond three-form fields reduce to relations involving the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ge pre-amorphisation step is used to reduce the high diffusivity and the transient-enhanced diffusion of boron implanted in silicon. The aim of the process is to obtain shallow P"+N junctions. The pre-amorphisation step was performed under different conditions (in ambient temperature and in nitrogen). Following the rapid thermal annealing step, end of range (EOR) defects appear at the amorphous-crystalline interface. These defects could influence the electrical characteristics of the P"+N junctions. An experimental study concerning three samples has been performed without and under a magnetic field of 800 G. The magnetic susceptibility was essentially observed in the case of the reverse current. The impact of the magnetic field, studied by varying the sample temperature, permits us to show an increase of the magnetic susceptibility when the defects present in such structures are electrically active. These results are discussed in comparison ...

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The main driver in ultra-shallow formation for the 65 nm technology node and beyond is to find solutions that both reduce boron transient enhanced diffusion and can be integrated in the CMOS process flow. To this end, many studies have recently focused on using co-doping techniques with fluorine and most recently with carbon. In most cases, one or both of these is co-implanted with a dopant specie in pre-amorphized silicon. In this work, we show a comparative study of fluorine or carbon co-implanted with low-energy boron to form source and drain extension junctions for PMOS devices. We will show that by a systematic optimization of germanium, boron, fluorine or carbon energies and doses, spike annealing technology can be extended to the 65 nm node. These results will be used to discuss how the different formed junctions offer potential solutions for either low-power or high-performance PMOS device fabrication.

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The Advanced Networking Integration Department at Sandia National Laboratories has used the annual Supercomputing conference sponsored by the IEEE and ACM for the past three years as a forum to demonstrate and focus communication and networking developments. For Supercomputing `95, Sandia elected: to demonstrate the functionality and capability of an AT&T Globeview 20Gbps Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) switch, which represents the core of Sandia`s corporate network, to build and utilize a three node 622 megabit per second Paragon network, and to extend the DOD`s ACTS ATM Internet from Sandia, New Mexico to the conference`s show floor in San Diego, California, for video demonstrations. This paper documents those accomplishments, discusses the details of their implementation, and describes how these demonstrations supports Sandia`s overall strategies in ATM networking.

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This international conference brought together representatives from industry, academia and government agencies to present the latest developments on the subject of chemical admixtures and superplasticizers in concrete. Recent technological advances in the development of superplasticizers were reviewed, as well as new approaches to manufactured aggregates. The influence of new materials on the rheology of cement systems was discussed, as well as the influence of superplasticizers on various types of aggregates. The addition of hydrophobic admixtures in corrosion prevention strategies were reviewed. Various interactions between cements and superplasticizers were evaluated. Issues concerning adsorption and concrete materials were also investigated. A total of 70 papers were presented at the conference, of which 3 have been catalogued separately for inclusion in this database. refs., tabs., figs.

CERN Document Server

IP Multicast is one of the most absolute method for large bandwidth Internet applications such as video conference, IPTV, E-Learning and Telemedicine etc., But due to security and management reason IP Multicast is not enabled in Internet backbone routers. To achieve these challenges, lot of Application Layer Multicast (ALM) has been proposed. All the existing protocols such as NICE, ZIGZAG and OMNI are trying to reduce average delay by forming a Multicast tree. But still that problem has not been addressed fully. We are proposing a new protocol called NetRawALM, which will address the average delay, Reliability between nodes, Scalability of conference, Heterogeneity and resilient data distribution for real time multimedia applications by constructing the Network based Resource aware Multicast tree algorithm. This is very dynamic and decentralised. The proposed architecture is a LAN aware; it is used to reduce Internet Traffic.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thirty-nine conference papers review practical and topical aspects of hydroelectric development, from planning and design to construction, operation and refurbishment. More than half of the papers deal with small-scale hydro, reflecting the continuing strong interest in this subject throughout the world. The planning and economic evaluation of large-scale hydro schemes and pumped-storage plants, and environmental aspects of hydroelectric developments are also discussed. A special session has also been included on hydro in Latin America, where some of the world's largest schemes are planned or under construction. The papers reproduced here draw on the expertise of engineers from eighteen countries in North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australasia and Africa. All the papers were selected and indexed separately.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

About 210 abstracts by Ukrainian and foreign authors submitted to the 11-th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion and 2-nd Alushta International Workshop on the Role of Electric Fields in Plasma Confinement in Stellarators and Tokamaks have been considered by Conference Program Committee members. All the abstracts have been divided into 9 groups: Magnetic confinement systems (stellarators, tokamaks, alternative conceptions); plasma heating and current drive; ITER and fusion reactor aspects; basic plasma physics; space plasma; plasma dynamics and plasma-wall interaction; plasma electronics; low temperature plasma and plasma technologies; plasma diagnostics.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The accurate prediction of local hot spot during normal operation is important to ensure core thermal margin in a very high temperature gas-cooled reactor because of production of its high temperature output. The active cooling of the reactor core determining local hot spot is strongly affected by core bypass flows through the inter-column gaps between graphite blocks and the cross gaps between two stacked fuel blocks. The bypass gap sizes vary during core life cycle by the thermal expansion at the elevated temperature and the shrinkage/swelling by fast neutron irradiation. This study is to investigate the impacts of the variation of bypass gaps during core life cycle as well as core restraint mechanism on the amount of bypass flow and thus maximum fuel temperature. The core thermo fluid analysis is performed using the GAMMA+ code for the PMR200 block-core design. For the analysis not only are some ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Objectives The optimal timing of pyeloplasty for children diagnosed with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) after workup for antenatal hydronephrosis is disputed. We sought to examine the potential costs and clinical outcomes of treatment protocols featuring different indications for pediatric pyeloplasty using Markov models. Methods Cost and outcomes analysis using Markov modeling was performed for three treatment algorithms: medical management, immediate pyeloplasty (during the first year of life), and pyeloplasty after no improvement on imaging. The costs were determined from the perspective of the medical institution. The variables tracked during Markov model simulation included age at resolution of UPJO, the proportion of patients with worsened hydronephrosis, the number of pye...

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

We present a theoretical study of the resonant interaction between dynamical localized states (discrete breathers) and linear electromagnetic excitations (EE's) in Josephson junction ladders. By making use of direct numerical simulations we find that such an interaction manifests itself by resonant steps and various sharp switchings (voltage jumps) in the current-voltage characteristics. Moreover, the power of ac oscillations away from the breather center (the breather tail) displays singularities as the externally applied dc bias decreases. All these features may be mapped to the spectrum of EE's that has been derived analytically and numerically. Using an improved analysis of the breather tail, a spectroscopy of the EE's is developed, The nature of breather instability driven by localized EE's is established.

Science.gov (United States)

The Wolsung-1 CANDU 600 MWe plant is now in operation. This paper provides an update on the design, construction and commissioning progress reported at last year's conference. The accomplishments of the past year are highlighted with emphasis on how the s...

Science.gov (United States)

Thin film solar cells and solar cell testing - photovoltaic cells, radiation damage to cadmium sulfide solar cells, and airplane testing of solar cells

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The C-C chemokine receptor 5, 32 base-pair deletion (CCR5-Δ32) allele confers strong resistance to infection by the AIDS virus HIV. Previous studies have suggested...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

This presentation from the 2006 PTEC Conference presents education research on topics in thermodynamics. Student responses to conceptual thermodynamics questions, and the conceptions they reveal, are presented. Tutorial materials developed to help students gain a better understanding of the topic are also presented.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) confers high vascular risk and is a growing national epidemic. We assessed clinical characteristics and prevalence of diagnosed DM among patients...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on ROCK DEFORMATION was held at II Ciocco from 5/19/02 thru 5/24/02. Emphasis was placed on current unpublished research and discussion of the future target areas in this field.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This conference was attended by decision makers throughout the supply chain in the natural gas industry who face the continuing challenges of changes in market mechanisms, pricing options, and transmission alternatives. It provided an opportunity to review issues affecting producers, shippers, marketers, and end-users in an environment of tight energy markets and high, inelastic demand. The constraints on adequate energy supplies are influenced by economic factors, current and future resources, materials, equipment, skilled labour, technology and financial capital. The 8 sessions of the conference dealt with the tight North American gas supply; the slow development of new supplies; resource access issues, including politics and supply security; the geopolitics of natural gas; impacts of high prices on the North American economy; energy industry impacts of high natural gas prices; domestic politics and high natural gas prices; and, radical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This Conference is a key technology transfer activity supported by the ongoing Combustion Equipment Technology (Oil-Heat R and D) program at BNL, and is aimed at providing a forum for the exchange of information among international researchers, engineers, manufacturers, and marketers of oil-fired space-conditioning equipment. The objectives of the Conference were to: identify and evaluate the state-of-the-art and recommend new initiatives for higher efficiency, a cleaner environment, and to satisfy consumer needs cost-effectively, reliably, and safely; and foster cooperation among federal and industrial representatives with the common goal of sustained national economic growth and energy security via energy conservation. The 1996 Oil Technology Conference comprised: (a) fourteen technical papers, and (b) four workshops which focused on mainstream issues in oil-heating technology, namely: oilheat research agenda forum; fan ...

Science.gov (United States)

Mar 1, 2004 ... For a summary of papers from a 4-day AIAA conference held February ... m is less than $400 million, with both ground-based and space-based options possible. .... from concerns about a new generation of nuclear weapons. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Details of the functioning of some of industry's most successful energy programs are examined. A Conference Board survey was mailed to 921 corporations, yielding 292 usable responses. More detailed information was gathered from discussions and interviews. (MHR)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Topics covered include various aspects of solar cell fabrication and performance. Aluminium-gallium arsenides, cadmium telluride, amorphous silicon, and copper-indium-gallium selenides are all characterized in their applicability in solar cells.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Despite the availability of dozens of animal genome sequences, two key questions remain unanswered: First, what fraction of any species' genome confers biological function, and second, are apparent...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

In the IEEE Marine Technology Society OCEANS 2009 Conference, Biloxi. October 26-29, 2009. Biloxi, MS. Al-Hamdan, M.; Estes, M.; Quattrochi, D.; Thom, R.; ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Rationale: Human data suggest that the incidence of acute lung injury is reduced in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanisms by which diabetes confers protection...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book contains papers relating to the 1990 Future Transportation Technology Conference and Exposition. Included are the following papers; Examination of rich mixtures operation of a dual fuel engine, A hybrid natural gas vehicles, Performance analysis of a spark ignited engine with ETBE as a blending agent.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The 7 conference papers in Vol. 9 review the implications of environmental problems and discuss the consequences of pollution abatement measures, especially for the economics of energy conversion. The future developments of pollutant emissions are assessed.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The Tetrahymena thermophila origin recognition complex (ORC) contains an integral RNA subunit, 26T RNA, which confers specificity to the amplified ribosomal DNA (rDNA) origin by base...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The cellular receptor for murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV)-A59 is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family of glycoproteins in the immunoglobulin superfamily. We isolated...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This volume is divided into the following sections: (1) fundamentals of convection heat transfer; (2) fundamentals of heat transfer with impinging jets; and (3) fundamentals of heat transfer augmentation. Separate abstracts were prepared for most papers in this volume.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Incorporation of clinical decision support (CDS) capabilities is required to realize the greatest benefits from computerized provider order entry (CPOE) systems. Discussions at a conference on CDS in...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundTranslating research to make it more understandable and effective (research translation) has been declared a priority in environmental health but does not always include...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The second international conference on containment design and operation included sessions on the following topics: performance and regulatory requirements; radionuclide behaviour; severe accident design and analysis; operation, maintenance, leaking and aging of containment systems; thermal hydraulic behaviour of containment systems; hydrogen mixing and mitigation; design methods and concepts; code validation; structural analysis and response tests; passive safety systems; aerosol behaviour; containment reliability, integrity, and risk assessment; hydrogen deflagration and detonation. Due prominence was given to CANDU and other PHWR reactors. The individual papers have been abstracted separately.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The theme of the conference was recent developments in airborne remote sensing and their applications. The proceedings contain the papers presented at 14 general sessions and 13 interactive sessions covering airborne platforms, sensor systems, airborne/spaceborne synergy, atmospheric and oceanic measurements, land cover/land use, emergency response and reconnaissance, data handling, forestry, agriculture, water resources, geospatial reference, system calibration, environmental monitoring and planning, and information product advancements. Two papers are abstracted separately.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

E. coli HB101 cells transformed to tetracycline resistance with the plasmids pMB9 or pBR322 display a 10/sup 5/-10/sup 6/-fold lower plating efficiency on agar containing 440 ..mu..M CdCl/sub 2/ than nontransformed cells. When DNA is inserted into the BamH1 site of the plasmid tet gene, or when DNA spanning the BamH1 site is deleted, tetracycline resistance and cadmium hypersensitivity are both lost. In contrast, insertion of DNA into the ampicillin resistance gene does not affect cadmium hypersensitivity.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This forum provided insights into Ontario's new smart meter program. Challenges related to implementing the smart meter program were reviewed, and various functional and operational considerations of the meters were considered. The implications and benefits of using real time metering systems were discussed along with issues related to energy conservation and demand management. Various communications technologies were considered in relation to smart metering program implementation. Issues related to pricing and pricing policies were also discussed. The conference featured 11 presentations, of which 2 have been catalogued separately for inclusion in this database. refs., tabs., figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vol. 4 of the DKV Conference Proceedings 2000 contains 19 papers on air quality, thermal comfort, space HVAC engineering and alternative cooling concepts. [German] Der Band 4 des DKV-Tagungsberichts 2000 enthaelt 19 Beitraege. Sie befassen sich mit speziellen Themen der Heiztechnik; Luftqualitaet und Behaglichkeit; Raumlufttechnik und Alternativen Kuehlkonzepten.

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Tunneling spectroscopy of normal-insulator-superconductor junction is investigated theoretically. In anisotropic superconductors, differently from the case of isotropic superconductor, the effective pair potentials felt by quasiparticles depend on the direction of their motion. By taking this effect into account, it is shown that the conductance spectra strongly depend on the crystal orientation. Using Green`s function method, local density of states (LDOS) in superconductor is also calculated. The close relation between conductance spectra and LDOS is presented. The calculation is compared with experimental spectra of high-{Tc} superconductors.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

New techniques were developed to construct Schottky barrier and homojunction solar cells on GaAs substrates. Schottky barrier metal-semiconductor solar cells were produced for the first time on p-type GaAs substrate using a sputter-deposition method to form the barrier. The sputter deposition of gold or gold/palladium is the key to the method since normal thermal evaporation of gold onto p-type GaAs produces ohmic contacts. The results of this investigation are consistent with the idea that sputter damage produces donor type surface states on GaAs. Barrier heights were measured for both p-type sputtered and n-type thermally evaporated diodes using current-voltage and capacitance-voltage methods. Deep-level transient spectroscopy was used to identify the trap center concentration and energy levels for both diodes in an effort to explain the relatively large dark current in the p-type sputtered diodes. Homojunction GaAs solar cells were fabricated using several techniques. One involved ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The precipitation of excess silicon interstitials into dislocation loops is modeled. This situation occurs when an amorphous layer is created at the surface in order to avoid boron channeling and form shallow p junctions. The modeling of the nucleation of these extended defects is included into the process simulator IMPACT-4. Their density and mean radius are calculated for several annealing times and temperatures and they are compared with experimental characterizations. This is the first step towards a full modeling of the complex processes involved in the transient enhanced diffusion of boron.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is composed of tubules, sheets, and three-way junctions, resulting in a highly conserved polygonal network in all eukaryotes. The molecular mechanisms responsible for...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

An estimate of the undercounted electrostatic energy terms in local-density-functional total-energy calculations for nonmetallic systems with separated electron-hole pairs is used to derive a simplified correction to density-functional - theory band gaps. The correction is evaluated for Ne, Ar, Kr, LiF, NaCl, CsCl, MgO, CaS, BaS, C, AlP, and Si. The band-gap errors are reduced from 40-50% to 10-15% for most of the systems studied. Conduction-band corrections are shown to be nearly as large as valence-band corrections in free-electron-like semiconductors. 28 references, 1 figure.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The newly discovered oxypnictide family of superconductors show very high critical temperatures of up to 55 K. Whilst there is growing evidence that suggests a nodal order parameter, point contact Andreev reflection spectroscopy can provide crucial information such as the gap value and possibly the number of energy gaps involved. For the oxygen deficient NdFeAsO_0_._8_5 with a T_c of 45.5 K, we show that there is clearly a gap value at 4.2 K that is of the order of 7 meV, consistent with previous studies on oxypnictides with lower T_c. In addition, taking the spectra as a function of gold tip contact pressure reveals important changes in the spectra which may be indicative of more complex physics underlying this structure. (rapid communication)

Science.gov (United States)

This paper discusses the mechanisms of gas breakdown at low values of pressure and inter-electrode gap, i.e. in the vicinity of the Paschen minimum. In this area of pressure and inter-electrode gap values, breakdown occurs either through gas or vacuum mechanisms, and also the so called anomalous Paschen effect appears. Electrical breakdown of electropositive, electronegative and noble gases has been investigated theoretically, experimentally and numerically. Based on the results obtained, regions in which particular breakdown mechanisms appear have been demarcated. Special attention has been devoted to the anomalous Paschen effect as well as to the avalanche vacuum breakdown mechanism.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper presents a new method of extracting biologic particles from a mixture of particles. The method is based on the pumping effect in a p-shaped ultrasonic actuator, which has a gap between its two vibrating metal plates. An adhesive tape is placed at a proper position in the gap. Due to the pumping effect which is induced by the sound field in the gap, the particles with smaller mass and radius in the mixture can be pumped up to reach the adhesive tape; while the ones with larger mass cannot. Therefore, the particles with smaller mass and radius can be extracted from the mixture. A theoretical model which can well explain the operation principle and experimental phenomena is developed. By the experimental results and the theoretical analyses based on the model, the validity of the m...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The design and operating principle of a small (50 mm in diameter and 100 mm in height) ???-73C vacuum spark gap are described. It is shown that it can be efficiently switched using a control circuit with a low (?900 V) supply voltage, which is based on an inductive energy storage and a diode opening switch that forms a high-voltage igniting pulse with a rise time of nanosecond duration. The ???-73C switching process is investigated at different rise times of igniting voltage pulses and different igniting current amplitudes. The results of tests of the spark gap operating in regimes of switching current pulses with an amplitude of 12 kA and a rise time of 800 ns are presented.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The effect of TP (triosephosphates:glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate, GAP, +dihydroxyacetone phosphate, DHAP) on respiration, phosphorylation and matrix ATP/ADP ratios of isolated oat mesophyll mitochondria...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Based on changes to the fuel pin gas gap composition, pin location and assembly location, revisions to the TDD-IB, Part 2 are provided.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A model describes the effect of changes to the pore structure on the mechanical properties of semi-coke during coking. The gap tensile experiment makes it possible to determine the mechanical properties of the coke and semi-coke; a theoretical analysis is valid for the deformation of samples in the gap tensile test, by which the gap tensile strength of the coke can be determined, and by which a method for the simultaneous determination of the effective modulus of elasticity was developed. The effect of the pore structure on the mechanical properties is given in semi-empirical equations. The main point here is to check whether a pore in the coke can be regarded as a Griffith crack, and whether the interaction of pores can be neglected. A model which takes the pore distribution into account was also developed and tested. A model for the change of pore structure during coking, which includes the contraction of the semi-coke, ...

Science.gov (United States)

The object of the test was to develop a method to field test the Exploding Bridgewire (EBW) System for proper functioning prior to use. Two basic designs were conceived and tested. The first design using a two element spark gap and a calibrated fuse link ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

CF-23“The biggest stumbling block for biological sciences turned out to be synthetic organic chemistry” – Elias A. Zerhouni, Former NIH Director in Chemical...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper represents a parametric study of the amplification factor to account for rebound effects in the Energy Balance Method. Of the 66 distinct cases we chose for our parametric study, the amplification factor of 1.1 seems sufficient except in four borderline cases where the carbon steel pipes are small or have very small gaps between the pipes and the pipe whip restraints. We conclude that the amplification factor generally decreases as the parameters gap size, hinge-to-break distance and overhang increase.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Experiments are described on a plasma cathode with biased grids to prevent entry of ions into the electron extraction gap. The cathode has potential applications to the generation of high-current pulsed electron beams. Operation at 20 A/cm"2 is theoretically possible. The source combines the low average power consumption of a plasma cathode with many of the attractive features of thermionic cathodes, such as space-charge-limited extractor gap electron flow, fast turn-on, and no diode closure. Initial experiments are reported at the 2 A/cm"2 level for pulse lengths to 160 #mu#s.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper is concerned with the simulation of practical testing situations which are too difficult and/or expensive to replicate in a laboratory environment. Numerical experiments are described which simulate the differential eddy current probe response to the build-up and chemical flushing of magnetite in the crevice gap of a PWR steam generator unit. The simulation results agree well with the only experimental data available to the authors and lead to the conclusion that conventional differential eddy current probes should be capable of characterizing crevice gap conditions with respect to the presence of magnetite. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The term "homology" or "homologous" means an amino acid similarity measured by the program, BLAST (Altschul et al (1997), "Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs", Nucleic Acids Res. 25:33 89 3402), and expressed as --(% identity n/n). In measuring homology between a peptide and a protein of greater size, homology is measured only in the corresponding region; that is, the protein is regarded as only having the same general length as the peptide, allowing for gaps and insertions.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A graphic approach, terms a Genetic Activity Profile (GAP), was developed to display a matrix of data on the genetic and related effects of selected chemical agents. The profiles provide a visual overview of the quantitative (doses) and qualitative (test results) data for each chemical. Either the lowest effective dose or highest ineffective dose is recorded for each agent and bioassay. Up to 200 different test systems are represented across the GAP. Bioassay systems are organized according to the phylogeny of the test organisms and the end points of genetic activity. The methodology for producing and evaluating genetic activity profile was developed in collaboration with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Data on individual chemicals were compiles by IARC and by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Data are available on 343 compounds selected from volumes 1-53 of the IARC Monographs and on 115 compounds identified ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Counter-current two-phase flows of air-water in narrow rectangular channels with offset-strip fins have been experimentally investigated in a 760 mm long and 100 mm wide test section with 3.0 and 5.0 mm gap widths. The two-phase flow regime, channel-average void fractions and two-phase pressure gradients were studied. Flow regime transition occurred at lower superficial velocities of air than in the channels without fins. In the bubbly and slug flow regimes, elongated bubbles rose along the subchannel formed by fins without lateral movement. The critical void fraction for the bubbly-to-slug transition was about 0.14 for the 3 mm gap channel and 0.2 for the 5 mm gap channel, respectively. Channel-average void fractions in the channels with fins were almost the same as those in the channels without fins. Void fractions increased as the gap width increased, especially at high superficial velocity of air. ...

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Since 1995, OECD started to examine the current situation of government regulation in each member country and discussed to recommend quality improvement of regulation to member countries. The conference on reformation of regulation in power industry was held in October and December 1998. In USA, enhancing competition in supplying electricity was recommended by eliminating differentiation in use of power network, transmission network and incidental facilities. The retail competition is also an important reformation. The reformation in Netherlands can be seen as following EU guide for revealing problems of the existing regulation in the power industry and for opening up a power market. The Dutch government passed the power act for opening up a market to the public between 1999 and 2007. In Japan, the entry of independent power provider (IPP) has been softened. With the opening of bid system in 1999, bids will be equally given to both power providers and independent ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper, we show that boron transient enhanced diffusion can be reduced to different extents by varying the distribution of nitrogen atoms in the junction. This is attributed to the relative location of nitrogen atoms with respect to boron profile and end-of-range defect band, affecting the interactions between dopants and defects upon annealing. In addition, variations in boron dopant activation and deactivation are also observed. Similar to fluorine co-implantation, it is proposed that nitrogen atoms react with vacancy point defects to form nitrogen-vacancy clusters that will trap the interstitials emitted from end-of-range defects. However, we report that the interstitial sink efficiency of nitrogen atoms is not as good as the co-implanted carbon atoms, which is noticed from the dopant deactivation curves. In terms of extended defect evolution, the results clearly indicate that end-of-range defects can be stabilized by choosing the optimized co-implant ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Fluorine is known to have a beneficial role for the B diffusion reduction in preamorphized Si, and is promising for the realization of ultra-shallow junctions. Thus, we studied the F incorporation in Si during the solid phase epitaxy (SPE) process, pointing out the effects of the implanted F energy and fluence and the role played by the possible presence of dopants. The incorporation of fluorine proceeds by F segregation at the amorphous-crystalline interface, with a kinetics driven by the SPE rate. In fact, the quicker the SPE rate, the higher is the F fluence retained. Moreover, we demonstrated that F incorporated in Si layers does not appreciably affect the Is emission from spatially separated end-of-range (EOR) defects. The modification, induced by the presence of F, of the point defect density (Is and Vs) was also studied by means of B and Sb spike layers, used as local markers for Is and Vs, respectively. We showed that F is not only able to completely ...

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Heusler alloys are considered as interesting ferromagnetic electrode materials for magnetic tunnel junctions, because of their high spin polarization. We, therefore, investigated the micromagnetic properties in a prototypical thin film system comprising two different Heusler phases Co{sub 2}MnSi (CMS) and Co{sub 2}FeSi (CFS) separated by a MgO barrier. The magnetic microstructure was investigated by X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM). We find a strong influence of the Heusler phase formation process on the magnetic domain patterns. SiO{sub 2}/V/CMS/MgO/CFS and SiO{sub 2}/V/CFS/MgO/CMS trilayer structures exhibit a strikingly different magnetic behavior, which is due to pinhole coupling through the MgO barrier and a strong thickness dependence of the magnetic ordering in Co{sub 2}MnSi.

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In this paper, we propose to characterize boron transient enhanced diffusion (TED) for processes currently used for P{sup +}/N ultra-shallow junctions (USJ) fabrication. Indeed, the fundamental understanding of boron diffusion for low energy boron implantation is mandatory to evaluate the scalability of such processes for the coming complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transistor generations. In these experiments, we characterize the boron anomalous diffusion, thanks to boron buried marker-layers obtained by epitaxial growth. B{sup +} and BF{sub 2}{sup +} ultra-low energy (ULE) implantations and plasma doping (PLAD) using BF{sub 3} as precursor gas are carried out to compare the two techniques used for advanced USJ fabrication. Boron diffusion behaviors are analyzed via secondary ion mass spectrometry for annealing at 700 deg. C for 5 min and 15 min. Finally this paper brings some physical insights explaining the technological benefit coming from PLAD ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Boron is implanted in crystalline silicon through oxide layers with different thicknesses. The implantation is carried out at various doses and energies of interest in ultra large scale integration (ULSI) application. Rapid thermal annealings (RTA) are used to obtain shallow junctions and electrical activation of the B atoms. However, transient enhanced diffusion induced by implantation damage can be observed. The boron concentration profiles before and after annealing are obtained with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). It is found that the diffusion transient in the tail region of the boron profile increases with decreasing oxide thickness. Even more, if the implantation damage concerns mostly the oxide, i.e. when the concentration peak is located in this oxide, the oxygen knocked into the silicon substrate could play this way an important role in restricting the boron diffusion, which is good to obtain very shallow junctions. On the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The classical phenomenon of position-effect variegation (PEV) is the mosaic expression that occurs when a chromosomal rearrangements moves a euchromatic gene near heterochromatin. A striking feature of this phenomenon is that genes far away from the junction with heterochromatin can be affected, as if the heterochromatic state {open_quotes}spreads.{close_quotes} We have investigated classical PEV of a Drosophila brown transgene affected by a heterochromatic junction {approximately} 60 kb away. PEV was enhanced when the transgene was locally duplicated using P transposase. Successive rounds of P transpose mutagenesis and phenotypic selection produced a series of PEV alleles with differences in phenotype that depended on transgene copy number and orientation. As for other examples of classical PEV, nearby heterochromatin was required for gene silencing. Modifications of classical PEV by alterations at a single site are unexpected, and these ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The German National Group of the International Nuclear Law Association, AIDN/INLA, held its 10{sup th} regional conference in Celle on September 2 and 3, 2004. The event was attended by approx. 120 participants from twenty countries discussing 'the Internationalization of Nuclear Law'. Four sessions were devoted to in-depth studies of these topics: - Legal problems associated with the management of radioactive waste. - Regional nuclear safety vs. global nuclear safety. Do the Europeans need a supplementary EU regime of nuclear safety? - Liability and insurance in cases of nuclear damage. - Topical issues of German nuclear law. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The 1993 Petroleum Hydrocarbons Conference was comprised of 3 days of technical presentations within the following topic areas: pollution prevention and cost control; development of remediation levels; free-phase and dissolved hydrocarbon contamination management; investigation and analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons; applications of computer modeling for remediation; design and implementation of bioventing; design and implementation of air sparging; soil vapor extraction as a remediation technique; and ground water remediation using natural bacteria. In addition, more than 100 leading companies in the ground water and petroleum industries participated in the Conference Exposition in which a variety of equipment and services for preventing, detecting and remediating ground water contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons and other organic chemicals was showcased. Individual papers have been processed separately for inclusion in the appropriate data ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Office of Energy Research was recently asked to perform a study of Large Scale Systems in order to facilitate the development of a true large systems theory. It was decided to ask experts in the fields of electrical engineering, chemical engineering and manufacturing/operations research for their ideas concerning large scale systems research. The author was asked to distribute a questionnaire among these experts to find out their opinions concerning recent accomplishments and future research directions in large scale systems research. He was also requested to convene a conference which included three experts in each area as panel members to discuss the general area of large scale systems research. The conference was held on March 26--27, 1984 in Pittsburgh with nine panel members, and 15 other attendees. The present report is a summary of the ideas presented and the recommendations proposed by the attendees.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An international conference on forestry research presented papers on topics including forest mensuration, growth and yield; growth/yield relationships; design, performance, and evaluation of experiments; forest resource inventory and monitoring techniques; forest management, planning, and managerial economics; forestry and rural development in developing countries; forestry in sustainable economic development; conceptual advances in multiple-use forestry evaluations; economic evaluation of forest damages; supply and demand of roundwood and forest industry products; forestry and rural development in industrialized countries; analysis and evaluation of forest policies; forest institutions and organizations; biological and economic considerations when harvesting young thinning stands; applied sector modelling; and structural changes of the forest sector in a global perspective. Separate abstracts have been prepared for 3 papers from this ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The Seventh Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (2004) of the Convention on Biological Diversity established a mandate for the negotiation of an international regime on Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing arising from their utilization. Negotiations have been proceeding and have entered the final phase. Seven working group meetings have been held to date and there is expectation that an instrument will emerge by the final deadline - the Tenth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties in Nagoya, Japan in October 2010. A key component singled out for inclusion in the international regime relates to the recognition and protection of the rights of indigenous and local communities (ILCs) over their traditional knowledge (TK) associated with genetic resources. The Ninth Meeting o...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

At the 7th Healthy Buildings Conference, which was held in Singapore, 7-11 December 2003, more than 500 articles to improve public health and productivity of workers in buildings and the performance of installations. Special attention is paid to indoor air quality and thermal comfort in relation to energy efficiency. [Dutch] Op de laatste Healthy Buildings conferentie, december 2003 in Singapore, werden meer dan 500 artikelen gepresenteerd over het creeren van gezonde, productiviteit verhogende gebouwen en installaties. Deze keer lag de nadruk op binnenluchtkwaliteit en thermisch binnenklimaat, onder andere op het aspect energiezuinigheid. Opvallend was ook de aandacht die de problemen met binnenluchtkwaliteit in ontwikkelingslanden kreeg.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This publication compiles five documents on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in wastewater collection systems. The first is a thesis describing experiments conducted to obtain parameters for determining the significance of biodegradation relative to volatilization as a VOC fate mechanism in sewers. The second is a compilation of three papers from the 1992-94 conferences of the Air & Waste Management Association (AWMA). The papers concern VOC emissions at sewer drop structures and an estimation method for determining VOC emissions from industrial sewers. The third is a compilation of two papers from the AWMA 1992 and 1994 conferences, covering the formation of chloroform from household sources. The fourth is a thesis on post-discharge formation of chloroform in untreated municipal wastewater. The final document is a report detailing the derivation of fate mechanism models in the TOXCHEM model.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This volume contains papers delivered at a technical conference of the American Society of Civil Engineers held on June 25-27, 1991 in Seattle, Washington. The conference dealt with the physical aspects of sediment processes in the coastal environment. The papers are presented under three general themes: fundamentals of coastal sediment transport, coastal geologic processes, and engineering applications. The topics of the role of long waves in coastal sediment processes and cross-shore transport are highlighted. Examples of the topics covered include: sediment transport; beach and nearshore sedimentation; shoreline and beach profile changes; longshore and cross-shore transport; storm erosion; inlet sediment processes; gravel transport; coastal structure and sediment interaction; and dredging.

Science.gov (United States)

The author points out that errors in certain measurements are preventing improvements in coke: thermocouples (errors caused by the thermocouple installation and variations in the temperature of the cold junctions); dilatometers (errors caused by size of heating block and differences in starting temperature led to differences between two instruments); errors in measuring the bulk density of the coking charge. The elimination of these sources of error in determinations of the technological and physical properties of coke oven charge should assist in the study of other problems which are delaying improvements in blast furnace coke production.

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Monolithic N-channel junction field effect transistors (NJFETs) dc characteristics, small signal parameters and noise have been studied from 300 K down to cryogenic temperatures before and after irradiation with {sup 60}Co {gamma}-rays and fast neutrons (1 MeV). Radiation induced effects on dc parameters and noise are reviewed. Noise spectral density measurements performed at various temperatures have shown that the radiation induces a noise increase which is temperature and frequency dependent. (orig.). 14 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Apparent growth of amorphous layers during low temperature annealing was observed in low energy Ge{sup +}-implanted (0 0 1)Si by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The occurrence of abnormal growth is due to the randomization of heavily damaged regions beneath the original amorphous/crystalline interfaces. The randomization process is attributed to the strain, incurred by the presence of a high density of large Ge atoms in the heavily damaged Si substrate, relaxation to lower the free energy of the systems. The randomization upon annealing may be fruitfully applied to minimize the transient enhanced diffusion in shallow junction formation.

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This paper reported on a study in which partial discharge (PD) measurements were performed on 6 underground transmission cable circuits to determine the effectiveness of PD measurements on fluid fill cables. The cables were between 37 and 56 years old. PD activity was detected from the terminations of H11L and H3L Cable 2. However, for cables from H3L Basin TS to Mill Street junction, PD activity was detected originating from within the main cable insulation.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We study a quantum computing system using microwave photons in transmission line resonators on a superconducting chip as qubits. We show that linear optics and other controls necessary for quantum computing can be implemented by coupling to Josephson devices on the same chip. By taking advantage of the strong nonlinearities in Josephson junctions, photonic qubit interactions can be realized. We analyze the gate error rate to demonstrate that our scheme is realistic even for Josephson devices with limited decoherence times. As a conceptually innovative solution based on existing technologies, our scheme provides an integrated and scalable approach to the next key milestone for photonic qubit quantum computing.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The use of a selective epitaxial growth technique for fabricating YBCO thin-film microstructures is described. No film post-deposition processing is required; hence damage to the structure is minimized. The technique is compatible with a passivation process to protect the structure without exposure to air. The microbridges, Josephson junctions and rf SQUIDs protected by an amorphous YBCO passivation have long lifetime even after severe accelerated aging tests. Rf SQUIDs fabricated by this technique show a significant reduction of low-frequency noise when operating in weak magnetic fields compared with SQUIDs fabricated by the conventional ion beam etching technique. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Botulinum neurotoxin is produced by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum. The neurotoxin inhibits acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, thus interfering with overall muscular contraction. Botulinum neurotoxin is commonly used for the following medical conditions: cervical dystonia, upper limb spasticity, blepharospasm, strabismus, and hyperhydrosis. However, the use of botulinum neurotoxin was recently approved for the prophylaxis of headaches in adults with chronic migraines. The proposed mechanism of botulinum neurotoxin is no longer solely limited to the inhibition of acetylcholine. There are new mechanisms emerging that involve inhibition of proinflammatory agents and neuropeptides involved in chronic pain. Consequently, there is a disruption of the overall sensory feedback loop...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We have developed a new type personal dosemeter by using a B-10 doped silicon p-n junction detector with a polyethylene radiator and a polyethylene moderator. The purpose of this study was to develop a real time neutron dosemeter with a nearly flat response in the energy range from thermal to 15 MeV and low angular dependence to the incident neutron direction. The neutron response of the dosemeter was obtained with the Monte Carlo calculation and the monoenergetic neutron experiment in a free air field and also under a condition attached on a phantom.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A detailed description is given of the design, fabrication, and installation of oil-filled 500-kV cable lines used for the first time in the USSR for transmitting electric power from step-up transformers installed several meters from the hydroelectric generators to an outdoor distribution system or a junction point at which they are connected to overhead power transmission lines. These lines are 950 to 1050 m long and they are placed at levels differing by 45 m along the route. These lines can transmit power as great as 630 MV.A.

Science.gov (United States)

In vertebrates, the positioning of the internal organs relative to the midline is asymmetric and evolutionarily conserved. A number of molecules have been shown to play critical roles in left-right patterning. Using representational difference analysis to identify genes that are differentially expressed on the left and right sides of the chick embryo, we cloned chick Claudin-1, an integral component of epithelial tight junctions. Here, we demonstrate that retroviral overexpression of Claudin-1, but not Claudin-3, on the right side of the chick embryo between HH stages 4 and 7 randomizes the direction of heart looping. This effect was not observed when Claudin-1 was overexpressed on the left side of the embryo. A small, but reproducible, induction of Nodal expression in the perinodal region on the right side of the embryo was noted in embryos that were injected with Claudin-1 retroviral particles on their right sides. However, no changes in Lefty,Pitx2 or cSnR ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The influence of small amounts of alloying elements (0.36% Cu and 0.47% Cr) on the semiconducting properties of passive films formed on weathering steels was investigated either in tetraborate/boric acid buffer solution (pH 9.2) or artificial atmospheric environment (SO{sub 2}-containing environment). The electrochemical behaviour was assessed by potentiodynamic polarisation, capacitance measurements and photoelectrochemistry. The chemical characterisation of the films was carried by Auger electron spectroscopy. The polarization results obtained in the buffer solution show that the addition of chromium decreases the passive current density. The capacitance results show that the films behave as an n-type semiconductor with shallow and deep donor levels situated in the forbidden gap. The presence of copper seems to affect the density of the shallow and of the deep donor levels in the forbidden gap, and as chromium, it also decreases the doping ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We studied the influence of alloying on the structural and electronic properties of the unrelaxed and relaxed Si_1_-_yC_y random alloys by means of ab initio theoretical calculations using two methods: (i) a supercell approach in connection with the plane-wave pseudopotential method; (ii) the full-potential augmented plane-wave plus local orbitals (APW+lo) method. The first method is used to obtain the relaxed atomic structure. The relaxed atomic positions obtained by pseudopotential calculations were used to calculate the band structure via the second method. The local density approximation was used for the exchange and correlation energy density functional. We investigated the lattice parameters and band gap energies. We found that a quite smaller gap appears in the neighborhood of y=0.03125 concentration of C atoms. The band gap shows a large anomalous bowing and is strongly composition dependent. The electron densities ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The credibility of the model proposed by Ghosh in predicting the refractive indices of mixed semiconductor crystals of technological importance within their miscibility range as a function of band gap is demonstrated. The high-frequency refractive indices of four quaternary alloys Al_xGa_1_-_x_-_yIn_yP (y = 0.49, 0 #<=# x #<=# 0.51), InSb_xAs_1_-_x_-_yP_y (y = 2.2x, 0 #<=# x #<=# 0.313, 0 #<=# y #<=# 0.638), Cd_xZn_1_-_x_-_yHg_ySe (x + y = 1, 0.153 #<=# x #<=# 0.684, 0.316 #<=# y #<=# 0.847), and CdS_1_-_x_-_ySe_xTe_y (x + y = 1, 0.15 #<=# x #<=# 0.93, 0.07 #<=# y #<=# 0.85) are calculated according to the relation n"2-1 = A/(E_g + B)"2 where A is an energy gap dependent constant and B is a constant depending on crystal ionicity. The calculated values show excellent agreement with the experimental data thus justifying the validity of the model.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Interference between the crossover leg of the Reactor Coolant System(RCS) and the Pipe Whip Restraints(PWR) has brought a degradation issue of the integrity of the Reactor Coolant System in Westinghouse type Nuclear Power Plants(NPPs) of Korea. According to the gap inspection carried out during planned overhaul (year 2000), interference between the crossover leg and the PWR was found in each RCS loop. This plant has had the high vibration problem on the RC pump 'B'. The reason for the high vibration in the RC pump 'B' had been massively surveyed and it was found that the crossover leg of RCS contacted with the PWR in hot condition. Since the contact between the crossover leg and the PWR changes the dynamic characteristics of the piping system for the RCS, this is considered as one reason for the high vibration. And a possibility of overstress on the crossover leg due to the contact with the PWR should be evaluated. Through ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The activation of nuclear factor-kappa B1 (NFκB1) in cancer cells may confer resistance to ionizing radiation (IR). To enhance the therapeutic efficiency of IR in lung cancer, we screened for...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Wolsung-1 CANDU 600 MWe plant is now in operation. This paper provides an update on the design, construction and commissioning progress reported at last year's conference. The accomplishments of the past year are highlighted with emphasis on how the station has been commissioned in preparation for commercial service and on the skills that were dedicated to the completion of the project. The paper also deals with some of the features of the CANDU 600 MWe Nuclear Power Plant that make it viable for export.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the recent years the use of nuclear energy has turned from a technical and scientific issue to a political one. The high-temperature reactor (HTR) however, has always been advertised as particularly safe. The present situation and future developments of HTR-technology were the two issues that VDI-News brought up on the 27th October on an HTR-conference in an interview with the 'spiritual father' of the HTR, Prof. Dr. Rudolf Schulten of the Juelich Nuclear Research Centre. (orig.).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

HOAI und Vergabe - erste Erfahrungen mit den Novellen 29. Stahlbauseminar INTAB+ Seminar 2010 Verbundbrucken mit integralen Widerlagern Hamburg Offshore Wind Conference 2010Perfect know-HOW Leichtbausysteme aus Stahl fur Dach und Fassade. Energie- und kosteneffiziente Losungen fur Neu- und Bestandsbau Lubecker Bautag

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Inhibition of large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK_Ca) channels mediates, in part, oxygen sensing by carotid body type I cells. However, BK_Ca channels remain active...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A summary of the latest results of Standard Model Higgs boson searches from CDF and D0 presented at the DIS 2007 conference is reported in this paper. All analyses presented use 1 fb{sup -1} of Tevatron data. The strategy of the different analyses is determined by the Higgs production mechanism and decay channel.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This journal includes all formal reports in the NUREG series prepared by the NRC staff and contractors, as well as proceedings of conferences and workshops. The entries in the compilation are indexed for access by title and abstract, contractor report number, personal author, subject, NRC organization, contractor, and licensed facility.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document contains eleven papers on various aspects of low-level radioactive waste regulation. Topics include: EPA environmental standards; international exemption principles; the concept of below regulatory concern; envirocare activities in Utah; mixed waste; FUSRAP and the Superfund; and a review of various incentive programs. Individual papers are processed separately for the data base. (TEM)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This book is organized under the following headings: Electrohydrodynamic heat transfer augmentation; Forced convection augmentation and heat transfer control; Turbulent heat transfer; Thermal problems in the environment; Energy conversion systems; Measurement, visualization, and imaging; Thermal problems in space technology; and Thermal properties.

Wastenet

...Pharmaceutics | Special Issue: Solid Dosage Forms LoginRegister mdpi.com Journals A-Z For Authors About Open Access Policy Title / Keyword Journal all Administrative Sciences Agriculture ...Establishing Differences from Adults Recent Developments and Future Perspectives in Dissolution Testing Solid Dosage Forms The 1st Electronic Conference on Pharmaceutical Science The Progress on Pharmaceutics ... 1 (2009) Special Issue \\

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This book presents the papers given at a conference on offshore platforms. Topics considered in this book include risk assessment, crack propagation, fracture control, stress corrosion, the reliability of pile foundations, the thermal conductivity of offshore pipeline coating material, economic analysis, hydrodynamics, simulation, Arctic structure design, composite materials, buoys, deep water drilling, corrosion protection, pollution control equipment, and subsea exhaust gas compressors.

Science.gov (United States)

Correlates between immunological parameters and protection against Bacillus anthracis infection in animals vaccinated with protective antigen (PA)-based vaccines could provide surrogate markers to evaluate the putative protective efficiency of immunization in humans. In previous studies we demonstrated that neutralizing antibody levels serve as correlates for protection in guinea pigs (S. Reuveny et al., Infect. Immun. 69:2888-2893, 2001; H. Marcus et al., Infect. Immun. 72:3471-3477, 2004). In this study we evaluated similar correlates for protection by active and passive immunization of New Zealand White rabbits. Full immunization and partial immunization were achieved by single and multiple injections of standard and diluted doses of a PA-based vaccine. Passive immunization was carried out by injection of immune sera from rabbits vaccinated with PA-based vaccine prior to challenge with B. anthracis spores. Immunized rabbits were challenged by intranasal spore instillation with one ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

IAEA Plans of activities include, General Conference in September 2001 which reviewed activities relevant to preventing nuclear terrorism and proposed master plan. The Board of Governors approved new Nuclear Security Plan for the next four years. Three activity areas are; - needs assessment, analysis and coordination, prevention and detection and response.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Conference on Building Design and Architecture organized by Swedish Council for Building Research Contents included articles on building physics, thermal-climate technology, and building location and planning.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A report on the Canadian Nuclear Society Conference on robotics and remote handling in the nuclear industry, September 1984. Remote handling in reactor operations, particularly in the Candu reactors is discussed, and the costs and benefits of use of remote handling equipment are considered. Steam generator inspection and repair is an area in which practical application of robotic technology has made a major advance. (U.K.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A series of speeches is presented which cover political aspects of ocean energy, legislation, the status of the DOE Ocean Energy Program, the Maritime Administration OTEC Support Program. Six workshop reports are given covering ocean energy technology and systems concepts, power systems concepts, environmental developments, energy transfer and utilization, construction and test capabilities, and industry development. (LEW)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Thirty years ago, in 1967, the new definition of the second based on a quantum phenomenon, the hyperfine splitting of the groundstate of the "1"3"3Cs atom, was passed by the 13th General Conference on Weight and Measure. What followed was a fascinating improvement of the performance of caesium clocks which is still pursued. Their total uncertainty could be reduced, until 1995, by 4 orders of magnitude. With the development of the so-called fountain clocks, another factor of ten is within reach. (orig.)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The DNA-binding properties of Ru(bpy)₂(eilatin)²⁺ have been investigated to determine if the sterically expansive eilatin ligand confers specificity for destabilized single-base...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper will report the experience gained in the implementation of the national assistance projects, including the detailed assessment of the national situation compared to the ITWG Model Action Plan, the upgrading of the technical skills, the training of national experts and the joint analysis of nuclear material at ITU. The status of the work with the 13 future Member States to the European Union will also be reported on during the conference

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

(1) Most ancillary services needed for real-time control of the transmission grid and to meet operating criteria can be competitively supplied and competitively procured. (2) The independent service operator (ISO) must directly control the generators and loads, which supply ancillary services. (3) Comparability of access to ancillary services is achievable through the ISO-based competitive market structure.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Bragg-curve detector of the parallel plate ionization chamber type generates a signal that is a distorted replica of the original Bragg-curve. In result of this distortion, the signal peak height is not only a function of the atomic number of the heavy ion, as it is often stated, but also of the particle mass. This mass effect was studied with the aid of computer simulation, and it was found to be dependent on the Frisch grid to anode gap width and on the detector gas. The charge resolution of the detector is affected very significantly by this mass dependence of the signal peak height. Therefore, a careful selection of the detector gas and the grid to anode gap width is necessary, if good charge resolution over a wide range of heavy ions is required. (orig.).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The microdynamics of soliton waves and localized modes of nonlinear vibrations of the acoustic and optical types in uranium nitride has been investigated. It has been shown that, with an increase in the excitation energy in the spectral gap between the bands of optical and acoustic phonons, the energies of solitons increase, whereas the energies of local modes decrease. The previously experimentally observed unidentified quasi-resonant features, which shift in the gap with variations in the temperature, can represent the revealed soliton waves and local modes. The microdynamics of heat conduction of uranium nitride has been studied for the stochastic generation of soliton waves and local modes in the case of spatially distant energy absorption. The thermal conductivity coefficient determin...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Morphology of castellated Be tiles from the belt limiter exposed to the JET plasma for 56,000 s was examined on both sides of castellated grooves, on plasma-facing and side surfaces of the tiles. The essential results are (i) deuterium retention in the castellated grooves and in other locations is associated with co-deposition of carbon; (ii) the decay length of deposition in the castellation is around 1.5 mm; (iii) no deuterium is detected in bulk Be; (iv) bridging of gaps by molten beryllium occurred but gaps were not filled with Be; (v) on side surfaces of the tiles the formation of BeO layer was detected at a distance of 20 mm and more from the plasma-facing surface. The consequences for a long-term operation of a reactor-class device with several different plasma-facing materials are addressed.