Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The minimization of the environmental footprint is the underlying principle of companies involved in sustainable development. At the same time, those companies seek to contribute to the economic and social development of the communities in which they have a presence. The evidence linking sustainable development and value creation are examined in this report targeted to the investment community, which is part of an overall leadership initiative undertaken by the Conference Board of Canada. The benchmarks of companies committed to sustainable development have, on the whole, been matched or exceeded, as shown by recent evidence based on the performance of seven prominent funds and indices managed in Canada, the United States, and western Europe. They are: the Domini Social Equity Fund (American focus), the EcoValue 21{sup TM} (American focus), the Dow Jones Sustainability Group Index (international focus), Storebrand Scudder Environmental Value ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A basic treatment of the principle of the linac-driven free-electron laser (FEL) is given. The first part of the paper describes the FEL in low-gain approximation, and in the second part the high-gain FEL theory is given. The majority of the treatment describes FELs in one dimensional approximation, neglecting effects by diffraction of radiation and by electron beam emittance. Only in the final section a few remarks on these issues are given. The ambition of the paper is by no means any progress in FEL theory but a clear presentation of basic FEL theory concepts with explicit derivation of the formulae from first principles. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The increase of the compression ratio of Otto carburator engines up to epsilon = 14 was investigated by Audi in its research department at Neckarsulm. The results are presented in three partial reports. Part one describes the Audi fuel method and demonstrates the effects of the main parameters. Part two shows the influence of the current on the combustion by the help of a new measuring method developed by the Institut fuer Physikalische Elektronik at Stuttgart University. Part three provides a theoretical analysis of the data gained in the investigations.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Sex differences in pain are frequently reported in the literature. However, less is known about possible sex differences in the experience of pain secondary to a disability. The current study explored these issues in persons with limb loss (n = 335, 72% men) who were recruited as part of a postal survey. Participants provided ratings of phantom limb pain (PLP), residual limb pain (RLP), and general pain intensity. Participants also completed measures of pain-related interference, catastrophizing, coping, and beliefs. Results indicated that a greater proportion of males than females (86% vs 77%, respectively) reported the presence of PLP; however, this difference was no longer prominent when cause of limb loss was controlled. No sex differences were found in the presence of RLP, or in avera...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The supply of electronic instrumentation and controlling (I and C) equipments in Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station depends on importation up to now, however, reliable supply of spare parts is presently threatened by many factors. Consequently, Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station tries to localize these equipments. According to a survey, China has possessed the ability to undertake the research, development and production of the I and C system in nuclear power independently. We propose that localization should firstly starts with the production of replacement board and parts for analogical I and C system, gradually leads to the substitution of system cabinet units, and finally realize the independent research, development and production of advanced digital main control system. A series of prominent problems of producing nuclear grade I and C equipments are focused on the designing, manufacturing, testing and reliability evaluation. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Information Technology (IT) Management: ... The role of information technology figures prominently in the Homeland Security Act of 2002. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The cooperative project was a joint development program between Ceradyne and Oak Ridge National Laboratory through Lockheed Martin Energy Research (LMER). Cooperative work was of benefit to both parties. ORNL was able to assess the effect of the microwave nitridation process coupled with gas-pressure sintering for fabrication of parts for advanced diesel engines. Ceradyne gained access to gelcasting expertise and microwave facilities and experience for the nitridation of SRBSN materials. The broad objective of the CRADA between Ceradyne and OIWL was to (1) examine the applicability of the gelcasting technology to fabricate parts from SRBSN, and (2) to assess the effect of the microwave nitridation of silicon process coupled with gas-pressure sintering for fabrication of parts for advanced diesel engines. The following conclusions can be made from the work performed under the CRADA: (1) Gelcasting is a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Increase usage of magnesium components in the portable electronics industries has propelled considerable research interest on the development of magnesium forging. There have been some studies done in the area of sheet metal forming and forging of axis-symmetrical parts of magnesium alloys but there are very little work done on the plane strain backward extrusion of magnesium alloy. This paper deals with the analysis of plane strain extrusion of magnesium alloy, AZ31, using numerical modeling at different extrusion conditions of temperatures and friction coefficients. A commercially available finite element package, ANSYS/LSDYNA, was used in the finite element analysis. FE simulated results, material deformation, punch force and stress/strain distributions, were compared with actual experimental data. From the numerical analysis, a decrease in forging temperature from 300 C to 250 C will lead to a moderate increase in forming resistance. The forming resistance will ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We propose to investigate the spontaneous emission of radiation arising out of the interaction of a relativistic electron beam with a metallic grating (the Smith-Purcell effect). The work will concentrate, primarily, in the 50-120 #mu#m part of the infrared spectrum and will be an extension of the work begun by the Oxford-Dartmouth-Essex collaboration; one of the early objectives of the project will be to develop a quantitative understanding of the power spectrum of the emitted radiation over a wide range of emission angles. In particular, the limits of relativistic peaking of forward directed emission will be investigated. The electron beam will be produced by laser irradiation of a metallic cathode in the terminal of a small Van de Graff accelerator located in the Technische Universitaet, Muenchen. Beam energies will be in the range of 2 - 4 MeV. Initial tests on photoproduction of electrons have yielded 10 mA pulses with a width of about 20 ns. The electron ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper deals with the exploitation of the pumped storage plants for the control of the Slovak power system. For that purpose current utilization of pumped storage plants currently in operation was analyzed from the point of view of their part in the operation control of the Slovak power system. The aim of this analysis was to exploit knowledge gained so far for the future outlook up to the year 2010, including the evaluation of the need to construct pumped storage plant Ipel with a weekly storage cycle. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Research highlights: {yields} Mathematical model represents a power system which consists of synchronous machine connected to infinite bus through transmission line. {yields} Power system stabilizer was designed based on optimal pole shifting controller. {yields} The system performances was tested through load disturbances at different operating conditions. {yields} The system performance with the proposed optimal pole shifting controller is compared with the conventional pole placement controller. {yields} The digital simulation results indicated that the proposed controller has a superior performance. -- Abstract: Power system stabilizer based on optimal pole shifting is proposed. An approach for shifting the real parts of the open-loop poles to any desired positions while preserving the imaginary parts is presented. In each step of this approach, it is required to solve a first-order or a second-order linear matrix Lyapunov equation for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A non-linear analysis of a Cerenkov maser is presented. The system consists of a ring configuration of a cylindrical waveguide filled with a dielectric material. A single transverse-magnetic mode is assumed to propagate in the system. A low-density pencil electron beam travels in part of the ring, confined by a strong axial magnetic field. Using the single-particle description for the beam and the wave equation for the field, we obtain a set of two coupled non-linear differential equations describing the slowly varying amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic mode. The gain per path is assumed to be small and the spatial growth of the field is neglected. The resulting time dependent amplitude includes the exponential gain of the linear stage and the saturation to its maximum value. The time dependent frequency is also calculated. The two equations are combined to a single Van Der Pol equation with a non-linear restoring ...

Science.gov (United States)

This study reports on an examination of the effectiveness of a reading intervention for adults with disabilities in a vocational rehabilitation setting. Participants were 57 adults with disabilities and low reading skills enrolled at the Reading Clinic at the Michigan Career and Technical Institute. As part of a 3-year research and demonstration grant evaluation project, participants received an individualized reading intervention that targeted phonological processing, orthographic pattern recognition, and comprehension for adults with disabilities and low reading levels. The particular program incorporated fluency exercises at every level of the structured, explicit, and systematic intervention curriculum. Results showed that participants made moderate to large gains in passage reading accuracy and comprehension during the course of the intervention. Gains in passage reading rate were not statistically significant. Results ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sufficient genetic diversity exists in Indian tree species to give large genetic gains. Improvement potential, using wild gene resources for selection and breeding is vast as there are over 244 genera and 400 forest tree species in India. Of these over 30 species and 22 genera are of outstanding forestry value. Selective genetic-variation can be lifted from wild populations, multiplied vegetatively or by seed, and planted with controlled germplasm sources. Among the Indian species no less than 74 reproduce by cutting, 11 by layers, 9 by grafting and buding and 104 by root suckers. More than 161 species coppice vigorously. Afforestation techniques of over 170 species have been worked out. Tree genetic approach of survey of natural variability, quick evaluation, selection, conservation multiplication and planting superior variability directly in the field can give immediate genetic gains. This article discusses genetic information on indigenous ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this systematic examination of some of the spectroscopic properties of the f-elements we deal with both the trivalent lanthanides and actinides. We summarize the present status of our energy level calculations in single crystal matrices and in aqueous solution, and compare the predicted crystal-field structure in certain low-symmetry sites with that observed. Some interesting new structural insights are thereby gained. The state eigenvectors from these calculations are then used in part in reassessing and interpreting the intensities of transitions in aqueous solution via the Judd-Ofelt theory. The parameters of this theory derived from fitting experimental data are compared with those computed from model considerations. Finally, we discuss some recent contributions to the interpretation of excited state relaxation processes in aqueous solution. 79 references, 23 figures, 17 tables.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This book applies the Los Alamos Solar Load Ratio (SLR) method to the design of passive solar heating systems, with an emphasis on the average annual heating energy consumption. Recommendations are given on minimizing heating energy consumption by appropriate choices of conservation level and solar system parameters. Analytical methods and supporting tables are presented which enable simple, fast estimates of the heating energy consumption as part of the design process. Topics considered include SLR correlations, the load collector ratio (LCR) method, sensitivity data, cooling considerations, conservation formulas, design procedure, life-cycle costs, high-mass direct gain buildings, low-mass sun-tempered buildings, sunspaces, off-reference night insulation, correlation equations, and mixed systems.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

PurposeWe objectively quantified the gain in urethral diameter and the effect of stenting after tubularized incised plate urethroplasty in a rabbit hypospadias model. Materials and MethodsWe created a hypospadias model in 12 New Zealand white male rabbits by excising the ventral urethra. A 3 cm tattoo line was made longitudinally in the dorsal urethral plate midline. Two weeks later a 2 cm relaxing incision was made in the middle part of the tattooed line. The stretched incision width between the tattooed edges was measured, followed by urethral plate tubularization. Six rabbits were stented and 6 were nonstented. Two weeks later the animals were sacrificed and the distance separating the tattoo was measured at the midpoint of the tattooed line. Transverse sections at this point were exami...

CERN Document Server

The work presented in this paper is part of the cooperative research project AUTO-OPT carried out by twelve partners from the automotive industries. One major work package concerns the application of data mining methods in the area of automotive design. Suitable methods for data preparation and data analysis are developed. The objective of the work is the re-use of data stored in the crash-simulation department at BMW in order to gain deeper insight into the interrelations between the geometric variations of the car during its design and its performance in crash testing. In this paper a method for data analysis of finite element models and results from crash simulation is proposed and application to recent data from the industrial partner BMW is demonstrated. All necessary steps from data pre-processing to re-integration into the working environment of the engineer are covered.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Both increased cell proliferation and {open_quotes}altered{close_quotes}CYP gene expression are prominent phenomena associated with liver tumor promotion by nongenotoxic carcinogen treatment. BRDU-labeled parenchymal nuclei were observed primarily in the periportal area of groups of rats, independent of nongenotoxic carcinogen treatment. Treatment with each of the 5 nongenotoxic carcinogens resulted in profound alterations in CPY gene expression at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Expression of CYP1A1, 1A1/2, 3A1, 2B1/2, and 4A immunoproteins demonstrated nongenotoxic carcinogen-specific patterns in both magnitude and zonal distribution. In agreement with the CYP immunoprotein data, treatment with each of the five nongenotoxic carcinogens resulted in a unique composition of mRNAs of CYP2B1, 2B2, 2C6, 2C11, 3A1, 3A2, and 4A1, which were variably increased or decreased relative to the untreated control livers, depending on the treatment. Similarly, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In May 2002, the United States Department of Energy (DOE) signed Assistance Instrument Number DE-FC09-02CH11109 with the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) to support the Environmental Biosciences Program (EBP). This funding instrument replaces DOE Assistance Instrument Number DE-FC02-98CH10902. EBP is an integrated, multidisciplinary scientific research program, employing a range of research initiatives to identify, study and resolve environmental health risks. These initiatives are consistent with the MUSC role as a comprehensive state-supported health sciences institution and with the nation's need for new and better approaches to the solution of a complex and expansive array of environment-related health problems. The intrinsic capabilities of a comprehensive health sciences institution enable MUSC to be a national resource for the scientific investigation of environmental health issues. EBPs success as a nationally prominent research program ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In May 2002, the United States Department of Energy (DOE) signed Assistance Instrument Number DE-FC09-02CH11109 with the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) to support the Environmental Biosciences Program (EBP). This funding instrument replaces DOE Assistance Instrument Number DE-FC02-98CH10902. EBP is an integrated, multidisciplinary scientific research program, employing a range of research initiatives to identify, study and resolve environmental health risks. These initiatives are consistent with the MUSC role as a comprehensive state-supported health sciences institution and with the nation's need for new and better approaches to the solution of a complex and expansive array of environment-related health problems. The intrinsic capabilities of a comprehensive health sciences institution enable MUSC to be a national resource for the scientific investigation of environmental health issues. EBPs success as a nationally prominent research program ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In May 2002, the United States Department of Energy (DOE) signed Assistance Instrument Number DE-FC09-02CH11109 with the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) to support the Environmental Biosciences Program (EBP). This funding instrument replaces DOE Assistance Instrument Number DE-FC02-98CH10902. EBP is an integrated, multidisciplinary scientific research program, employing a range of research initiatives to identify, study and resolve environmental health risks. These initiatives are consistent with the MUSC role as a comprehensive state-supported health sciences institution and with the nation's need for new and better approaches to the solution of a complex and expansive array of environment-related health problems. The intrinsic capabilities of a comprehensive health sciences institution enable MUSC to be a national resource for the scientific investigation of environmental health issues. EBPs success as a nationally prominent research program ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In May 2002, the United States Department of Energy (DOE) signed Assistance Instrument Number DE-FC09-02CH11109 with the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) to support the Environmental Biosciences Program (EBP). This funding instrument replaces DOE Assistance Instrument Number DE-FC02-98CH10902. EBP is an integrated, multidisciplinary scientific research program, employing a range of research initiatives to identify, study and resolve environmental health risks. These initiatives are consistent with the MUSC role as a comprehensive state-supported health sciences institution and with the nation's need for new and better approaches to the solution of a complex and expansive array of environment-related health problems. The intrinsic capabilities of a comprehensive health sciences institution enable MUSC to be a national resource for the scientific investigation of environmental health issues. EBPs success as a nationally prominent research program ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report describes the conclusion of a two-part programme, begun in 1994 with the overall aim of assisting in the development of an acceptable public participation strategy for use in Sweden for the siting of contentious facilities, with particular reference to the ongoing siting programme for a deep repository for spent nuclear fuel. The first part of the work programme, a global review of siting practice, was reported as SSI Rapport 94-15, in November 1994. This recommended further detailed studies of at least two individual programmes, which have now been carried out in Canada and the United States, and are reported on here. They involved face to face meetings with many of the main stake holders in the two programmes and enabled valuable insight to be gained into the potential problems associated with increased public participation, as well as identifying good practice where it exists. The lessons learned have then ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This is the eighth part of a ten-part final report for the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) on a project that looked into potential problems relating to the Swiss electricity distribution grid with respect to the increasing number of distributed power generation facilities being put into service. The identification of special conditions for the grid's operation and future development that take increasing decentralised power production into account are discussed. The results of the project activities encompass the analysis and evaluation of various problem areas associated with planning and management of the grid during normal operation and periods of malfunction, as well as required modifications to safety systems and grid configurations. This seventh appendix to the main report summarises and discusses the knowledge gained during the project and attempts to provide answers to various questions posed by the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In the decade before the discovery of insulin, the prominent American physicians Frederick Allen and Elliott Joslin advocated severe fasting and undernutrition to prolong the lives of diabetic patients....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The activity of mice in their home cage is influenced greatly by the cycle of light and dark. In addition, home-cage activity shows remarkable time-dependent changes that result in a prominent temporal...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundSevere sepsis and septic shock are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In experimental sepsis there is prominent apoptosis of various cell types, and genetic...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Recently, there have been multiple high-profile incidents involving the release of classified government information. Perhaps most prominent was Wikileaks.org's unauthorized publication of more than 600,000 classified Department of Defense documents. Such...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Dicarboxylic acids are prominent features of several diseases, including Reye's syndrome and inborn errors of mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, dicarboxylic acids are potentially...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In 1998, EU legislation initiated a liberalisation process among European energy markets. The process of market opening has significantly changed the functioning of the markets and the competition conditions of the energy sector. At the same time, the industry witnessed a surge of mergers and far-reaching changes in the structure of German electricity and natural gas markets occurred. Against this background, the doctoral thesis at hand surveys the merger activities in the energy sector as well as the merger control policy of the German Federal Cartel Office during the first years of liberalisation. The study starts with a portrayal of the institutional framework of the German merger control regime and a survey of the relevant economic literature on horizontal and vertical mergers. Subsequent to the legal and theoretical considerations, the merger activities and the merger control policy of the German Federal Cartel Office are investigated empirically. The data set is based on ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

United States Taur, Y. Claassen, JH Richards, PL Department of Physics,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Research reactors have been playing a multi dimensional role in areas of nuclear fuel cycle programme, radio-isotope productions, neutron beam research etc. To ensure an efficient, smooth and safe operation of a nuclear research reactor, many reactor physics evaluations are required on routine basis. As part of reactor core management the important activities are maintaining core reactivity status, core power distribution, xenon estimations, safety evaluation of in-pile irradiation samples and experimental assemblies and assessment of nuclear safety in fuel handling/storage. In-pile irradiation requires a prior estimation of the reactivity load due to the sample, heating rate and the activity developed in it during irradiation. For the safety of the personnel handling irradiated samples the dose rate at the surface of shielded flask housing the irradiated sample should be less than 200 mR/Hr. Therefore, a proper shielding and radioactive cooling of the ...

Science.gov (United States)

This study evaluated whether differences in design of 3-dimensional polylactic acid barriers (EPi-Guide and Guidor) would influence hard tissue results in the treatment of Grade II furcations in humans. A multicenter study was conducted, using 40 patients with moderate to advanced bilateral chronic adult periodontitis of the mandibular first or second molars. After flap access, debridement, and root preparation, surgical bone level measurements were taken and membranes were placed on a random basis. Surgical reentry occurred at 1 year. Data collected from all 3 investigative centers were pooled and analyzed using an analysis of variance appropriate for a counterbalancing design. Both barrier materials resulted in significant gains of attachment level and defect reduction. The composite reduction in the vertical component of the osseous defects was greater in the sites treated with Epi-Guide as compared to those treated with Guidor; the difference between barriers ...

CERN Document Server

The transition region between the straight part and the ends of the coils of the LHC model and prototype dipole magnets are often identified as the origin of training quenches. In order to study how the discontinuities in the material properties of these regions affect coil pre-stress and possibly gain more insight in the quench behavior, a program was set up at CERN to analyze by 3D-FEM these particular regions. The ACCEL team, who performed a similar analysis for the main quadrupoles of the Superconducting Supercollider SSC, is entrusted with this program. In this paper we report on the results of 3D-modeling and analysis of the coil return end region, including the complete coil mass, of a 1-m single bore model magnet. This magnet represents all relevant features of the "two-in-one" LHC main dipole design concerning the winding configuration, the collar pack, the yoke, and the outer shell representing the He-vessel. The transition region ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In Canada, the cost of heating is a major expense in the operation of greenhouses in the winter season, inhibiting greenhouse production in winter months in most part of the country. Alternative energy sources, such as solar energy and biomass energy may offer an economically feasible heating alternative. A solar energy greenhouse technology developed in northern China for winter vegetable production has demonstrated good potential for Manitoba winter conditions. The design and performance of solar energy greenhouses depend on the geographical location. Therefore, in order to optimize the design of solar greenhouses with respect to the latitude of the location for maximum solar radiation gain, a theoretical analysis was performed that analyzed parameters such as greenhouse length and the roof slope. This paper described the methodology of the study, including a description of solar energy greenhouses; the energy of solar radiation; shading of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

As part of three ongoing research projects, the Gas Research Institute (GRI) is studying the natural gas industry's impacts on wetlands and how to manage operations so that impacts can be minimized or eliminated. The objective of the first project is to gain a better understanding of the causes and processes of wetland loss in the Louisiana deltaic plain and what role gas pipeline canals play in wetland loss. On the basis of information gathered from the first projects, management and mitigation implications for pipeline construction and maintenance will be evaluated. The objective of the second project is to assess the floral and faunal communities on existing rights-of-way (ROWs) that pass through numerous types of wetlands across the United States. The emphasis of the project is on pipelines that were installed within the past five years. The objective of the third project is to evaluate the administrative, jurisdictional, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Within the framework of the German Federal-State 1000 Roofs Photovoltaic Programme monthly measuring data and verbal comments on the PV system operation (reports on failures and defects) have been collected, stored in a databank and evaluated for the period 1991 to 1997 for a differing number of PV systems. In addition to this came along data of initially 100, then 40 intensively measured systems. The results of the measuring data evaluation as well as the results of further accompanying research projects to the Federal-State 1000 Roofs Photovoltaic Programme (e.g. low energy yield analysis, on-site inspections and measuring of nominal powers) are summarised. Starting from the gained results, conclusions and recommendations are given for the design, installation and operation for future grid-connected PV-systems. Also it is pointed to the remaining need for optimisation and R and D. Additional part of the report are the Annual Journal ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The formation and breakdown of the passive films on stainless steels are mainly controlled by ionic and electronic transport processes. Both these processes are in part controlled by the electronic properties of the oxide film. Consequently, it is vital to gain a detailed perception of the electronic properties of the passive films together with structural and compositional information for a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms behind passivity and localised corrosion. As a step towards this goal the passive films formed on two main austenitic stainless steels AISI 316L and AISI 304L in borate solution were characterised by in situ Raman spectroscopy and photocurrent spectroscopy coupled with electrochemical measurements. This revealed the formation of an Fe-Cr spinel as the dominant constituent in the passive films with more Cr enrichment in the oxide film on 316L than that of 304L. Bandgap readings and semiconductivities of the two ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVETo estimate the relationship between the rate of gestational weight gain before the 50-g, 1-hour oral glucose challenge test screening for gestational diabetes...Full Text Available

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Customized reference tubes reduced sensitivity discrepancies able to be observed from one probe to the other, due to the gain setting adjustment required for a pre-definite level in amplitude response of the artificial notch. The use of a reference circuit in place of a reference part, makes characterization of the probe matched to its generator more accurate: - the material dependence is cancelled during the compensation process, - the reference signal can be adjusted more accurately in amplitude and phase response, - the manufacturing cost is reduced compared to the one necessary for machining the reference part, - the amplitude and phase response of the reference circuit can be simply modelled by using the transformer relations, such as one can appreciate the variations of the probe definition parameters and its connexion to the generator, and makes them optimal for use. The method proposed by ALSTOM for the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

SummaryThe receptors for the second messenger InsP₃ comprise a family of closely related ion channels that release Ca²⁺ from intracellular stores, most prominently...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The docking protein p130Cas is a prominent Src substrate found in focal adhesions (FAs) and is implicated in regulating critical aspects of cell motility including FA disassembly and protrusion of the...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThermostable bacterial lipases occupy a place of prominence among biocatalysts owing to their novel, multifold applications and resistance to high temperature and other...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A method of assembling two or more parts together that may be metal, ceramic, metal and ceramic parts, or parts that have different CTE. Individual parts are formed and sintered from particles that leave a network of interconnecting porosity in each sintered part. The separate parts are assembled together and then a fill material is infiltrated into the assembled, sintered parts using a method such as capillary action, gravity, and/or pressure. The assembly is then cured to yield a bonded and fully or near-fully dense part that has the desired physical and mechanical properties for the part's intended purpose. Structural strength may be added to the parts by the inclusion of fibrous materials.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Asia-Pacific region will see tremendous growth in demand for electricity in the next few decades and will be an important market for generation equipment and associated services. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries alone anticipate additional power demand of more than 37,000 NM by the year 2000, with an estimated total expenditure of US $85 billion. Trends in recent years show natural gas-fired combined cycle in plants to be fast gaining in popularity over conventional thermal plants. The advantages include increased primary energy conversion efficiency coupled with significant reduction in pollutant emissions, shorter construction times, faster loading rates and reduced staffing requirements. In the computer model used for generation capacity expansion planning in Tenaga Nasional Berhad, clean coal technology models are not used as candidate plants. In the opinion of the authors, this results from a lack of comprehensive data regarding ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An electron moving over the surface of a diffraction grating will transfer a part of its kinetic energy to radiation via a velocity synchronous coupling with a slow space harmonic component of the field. Since the phase velocity of a slow space harmonic is less than the speed of light, the slow components decay exponentially, or evanesce, with distance above the grating and the evanescence scale is determined by the product of the relative velocity, #beta#, the relative energy, #gamma#, and the wavelength #lambda#. Thus, in the relativistic regime, good electron - grating coupling can be maintained at beam heights that are greater than the emitted wavelength. In order to explore this regime a series of experiments have been carried out with moderately energetic beams and an experiment with the 70-MeV beam at the Accelerator Test Facility is in the planning stage. The work has two basic goals: the first is to explore the characteristics of the spontaneous emission ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The regional impacts of ozone on corn, wheat, soybean, and peanut crops are estimated by using dose-response functions to relate ambient maximum 7 h/d seasonal ozone concentrations to crop productivity data. Linear dose-response functions were developed from open-top field chamber studies. It was assumed that the limited number of cultivars and growing conditions available for the analysis were representative of major agricultural regions. Hourly ozone data were selected to represent rural concentrations and used to calculate maximum 7-h/d average values. Seasonal ozone averages for counties were extrapolated from approximately 300 monitoring sites. Results must be interpreted with knowledge of these assumptions and sources of uncertainty. Impacts are calculated for county units for the conterminous United States with maps showing patterns and tables summarizing the potential magnitude of ozone effects on selected crop yields. The assessment estimates that approximately three billion ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

From the start of commercial operation in 1983 until the end of 1985, the Wolsung Nuclear Power Plant operated for about 800 effective full power days (EFPDs). During this relatively short operational period it experienced various problems but achieved high reliability in operation. Wolsung recorded economical fuel utilization, particularly in 1985, together with a 94.4% plant capacity factor; it also showed successful in-pile test results as part of a fuel localization project. The actual fuelling rate was 16.3 bundles per EFPD in 1985, i.e. a saving of about 11% compared with the design fuelling rate of 18.2 bundles per EFPD. Better fuel performance was achieved because minimum excess reactivity was maintained in the core, characteristics unique to the core were found and the spatial flux distribution was controlled. The average discharge fuel burnup in 1985 was 6993 MW#centre dot#d/t U, which was 8.5% more than the design value of 6446 MW#centre dot#d/t U. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Water model experiments were conducted to develop a two-stage stirring method for obtaining higher yields and a more uniform distribution of graphite particles in copper alloys. This was followed by several melts for synthesis of copper-graphite alloys in which Ti was used as a wetting agent to improve the wettability of graphite in the copper melt. In the first stage, a vortex method was employed to facilitate the addition of graphite particles into the copper melt. In the second stage, a specially designed stirrer was used for uniform particle distribution while avoiding the formation of vortex in the melt. The two-stage stirring was found to considerably improve the recovery of graphite, over those obtained with the prior practice of single-stage stirring and resulting in a more uniform particle distribution. In addition, graphite recoveries increased with increasing Ti content in the range investigated. Floatation, fluidity, and directional solidification experiments were also ...

Science.gov (United States)

... upland development or destroyed during sand and gravel pit mining operations. Gains Increases in nonvegetated wetlands mainly through pond ... ...

Science.gov (United States)

Based on a collisional-radiative model, an atomic-kinetic calculation of the gains on the 41.8-nm transitions of Pd-like xenon was performed for the plasma produced due to the interaction of a femtosecond laser pulse with gaseous xenon. The gains g(z,{tau}) averaged over the spatial and temporal coordinates were compared with the known gains which had been measured experimentally in Xe{sup 8+}. The amplification was shown to occur under the conditions of ionisation of the working ions, and the time of output radiation saturation depends on the time of Xe{sup 8+} transformation to higher-ionised ions. Our theoretical investigation enables determining the optimal pump parameters, at which the product of the gain g by the active medium length L is about 20, which exceeds the experimental gL value. (active media)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Previous analyses of binary cycles for conversion of geothermal energy from moderate temperature resources to electrical energy have shown potential gains in net geofluid effectiveness of on the order of 8%, resulting from selection of turbine-expansion processes whose equilibrium states pass through the two-phase region (assuming major condensation does not occur). If condensation occurs, this gain could be reduced or eliminated by the resulting loss in turbine efficiency. Experience with many fluids, however, indicates that vapor supersaturation (or subcooling) permits metastable pure-vapor states to exist at temperatures considerably below the saturation temperature at a given pressure; thus, by better understanding the condensation process, and properly structuring the cycle, substantial performance gains may be achievable. The present study assessed, qualitatively, the probability for attaining this performance ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Except for isolated radiation accidents over the ensuing years, little practical experience has been gained in the treatment of thermal injuries ...

Science.gov (United States)

We report the characteristics of visible vertical cavity surface emitting laser diodes. Wafers are grown such that the Fabry--Perot resonance wavelength changes with position from 690 to 620 nm, overlapping to varying degrees with the [ital n]=1 and [ital n]=2 quantum well gain peaks at [similar to]670 and 650 nm. Gain guided devices are tested across the entire wafer, and pulsed room temperature lasing is observed from 634.6 to 663.2 nm. Our results suggest that gain contributions from the second quantized state are required to overcome high cavity losses in order to achieve lasing.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The subject of this volume is remote sensing for environmental monitoring and resource management. This session is divided in eight parts. First part is on general topics, methodology and meteorology. Second part is on geology, environment and land cover. Third part is on disaster monitoring. Fourth part is on operational status of remote sensing. Fifth part is on coastal zones and inland waters. Sixth and seventh parts are on forestry and agriculture. Eighth part is on instrumentation and systems. (A.B.). refs., figs., tabs.

CERN Document Server

Integration by parts is used to reduce scalar Feynman integrals to master integrals.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A large amount of energy has been consumed so far in so called matured industries such as iron and steel, oil refinery, petrochemical, ceramic, paper and pulp manufacturing and so forth. A successive stimulation on the preceding industries has to be enhanced from a technological viewpoint in order to maintain a further development based on novel and innovative technologies. In this regard, energy technology has become and will be increasingly important in a high temperature system so that the basic concept for heat transfer augmentation methods by thermal radiation is reviewed briefly in accord with the recent developments together with theoretical background and the prominent features. The heat transfer augmentation related to thermal radiation is summarized.

CERN Document Server

Stochastic Kronecker graphs supply a parsimonious model for large sparse real world graphs. They can specify the distribution of a large random graph using only three or four parameters. Those parameters have however proved difficult to choose in specific applications. This article looks at method of moments estimators that are computationally much simpler than maximum likelihood. The estimators are fast and in our examples, they typically yield Kronecker parameters with expected feature counts closer to a given graph than we get from KronFit. The improvement was especially prominent for the number of triangles in the graph.

Science.gov (United States)

Chronic benign pain is commonly associated with chronic fatigue and depression. Depression and chronic fatigue syndrome are also associated with each other and often include pain. Psychologic factors are prominent in these conditions, and they may share neurobiologic factors as well. Management requires separately addressing each component of patients' distress and usually includes physical rehabilitation, education, administration of nonhabituating medications and often counseling. Depression may be a favorable prognostic sign, as it suggests a treatable condition and provides incentive for recovery. PMID:1876618

Wastenet

...events Completing the Trust and Estate Tax Return Completing and filing the trust tax return - filing online, avoiding common mistakes, tax return deadlines and penalties Trusts and Income Tax How different types of trust income are taxed, what management expenses and reliefs can be deducted, understanding the tax pool Trusts and Capital Gains Tax Capital Gains Tax exemptions and reliefs for trustees and notifying HMRC about a trust disposal or ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The polarization characteristics of spontaneous radiation from relativistic electrons moving through helical and planar wiggler fields are evaluated for imperfect beam injection. Maximum coherent gain in free-electron laser systems are seen to occur in optical fields having these polarization characteristics rather than those of the wiggler magnets. Coupling coefficients for an electron beam skewed at an angle to the optical mode are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Previous analyses of binary cycles for conversion of geothermal energy from moderate temperature resources to electrical energy have shown potential gains in net geofluid effectiveness on the order of 8%, resulting from selection of turbine-expansion processes whose equilibrium states pass through the two-phase region. If condensation occurs, this gain could be reduced or eliminated by the resulting loss in turbine efficiency. Experience with many fluids, however, indicates that vapor supersaturation permits metastable pure-vapor states to exist at temperatures considerably below the saturation temperature at a given pressure; thus, by better understanding the condensation process, and properly structuring the cycle, substantial performance gains may be possible. The purpose of the present study was to assess the probability for attaining this performance gain by estimating the extent of condensation ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The aim of the present study is to identify and characterize the antimalrial agents from traitional Sudanese medicinal plants. 49 plants parts representing 26 species from 15 families were extracted and screened for their in vitro antimalrial activity using P. falciparum strain 3D7 which is chloroquine sensitive and Dd2 strain which is chloroquine resistant and pyrimethamine sensitive.The plant species investigated exhibited diverse botanical families. They includes Annonaceae, Aristolochiaceae, Asteraceae, Balantiaceae, Caesalpiniceae, Celasteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Graminae, Meliaceae, Myrtaceae, Polygonaceae, Rubiaceae, Rutaceae, and simaroubaceae. The evaluation of these plants for their antimalarial activity and their effect on lymphocyte proliferation was carried out. 57 extracts were tested on the chloroquine sensitive strain (3D7). Where 34 extracts (59%) exhibited significant activity against 3D7 with IC_5_0 values #100 #mu# g/ml), where as ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The objective of this project is to eliminate three closely inter-related barriers to oil production in Alaska through the use of a geographic information system (GIS) and other information technology strategies. These barriers involve identification of oil development potential from existing wells, planning projects to efficiently avoid conflicts with other interests, and gaining state approvals for exploration and development projects. Each barrier is the result of either current labor-intensive methods or poorly accessible information. This project brings together three parts of the oil exploration, development, and permitting process to form the foundation for a more fully integrated information technology infrastructure for the State of Alaska. This web-based system will enable the public and other review participants to track permit status, submit and view comments, and obtain important project information online. By automating several ...

Science.gov (United States)

According to the California Earthquake Authority, only about 12% of current California residences are covered by any form of earthquake insurance, down from about 30% in 1996 following the 1994, M6.7 Northridge earthquake. Part of the reason for this decreasing rate of insurance uptake is the high deductible, either 10% or 15% of the value of the structure, and the relatively high cost of the premiums, as much as thousands of dollars per year. The earthquake insurance industry is composed of the CEA, a public-private partnership; modeling companies that produce damage and loss models similar to the FEMA HAZUS model; and financial companies such as the insurance, reinsurance, and investment banking companies in New York, London, the Cayman Islands, Zurich, Dubai, Singapore, and elsewhere. In setting earthquake insurance rates, financial companies rely on models like HAZUS, that calculate on risk and exposure. In California, the process begins with an official ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

As a condition of accession into the European Union (EU), Lithuania is committed to the closure and decommissioning of Ignalina NPP comprising two RBMK-1500 reactor units (Fig. 1). It was agreed in a special protocol to the Accession Treaty that, in return for adequate EU financial assistance, Unit 1 would be closed before 2005 and Unit 2 by the end of 2009. The first unit was duly shut down on December 31, 2004. Lithuania, which has borders with Russia (Kaliningrad territory), Poland, Latvia and Belarus, spent fifty years as part of the Soviet Union and was deeply integrated into its economy and electrical infrastructure. At the break-up of the USSR, Lithuania inherited electricity generating capacity designed to supply the north-west region including ownership of Ignalina NPP located in the north-east of the country. Ignalina NPP Unit 1 was commissioned in 1983, Unit 2 in 1987; the planned lifespan of each unit was 30 years. Construction of a third unit was ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We continue the study of the hole coupling resonator for free electron laser (FEL) application. The previous resonator code is further developed to include the effects of the azimutally asymmetric modes and the FEL gain. The implication of the additional higher order modes is that there are more degeneracies to be avoided in tuning the FEL wavelengths. The FEL interaction is modeled by constructing a transfer map in the small signal regime and incorporating it into the resonator code. The FEL gain is found to be very effective in selecting a dominant mode from the azimuthally symmetric class of modes. Schemes for broad wavelength tuning based on passive mode control via adjustable apertures are discussed. 12 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In a seeded high-gain free-electron laser (FEL), where a coherent laser pulse interacts with an ultrarelativistic electron beam, the seed laser pulse can be frequency chirped, and the electron beam can be energy chirped. Besides these two chirps, the FEL interaction introduces an intrinsic frequency chirp in the FEL even if the above-mentioned two chirps are absent. We examine the interplay of these three chirps. The problem is formulated as an initial value problem and solved via a Green function approach. Besides the chirp evolution, we also give analytical expressions for the pulse duration and bandwidth of the FEL, which remains fully longitudinally coherent in the high-gain exponential growth regime. Because the chirps are normally introduced for a final compression of the FEL pulse, some conceptual issues are discussed. We show that to get a short pulse duration, an energy chirp in the electron beam is important.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the previous paper, we have derived a dispersion relation for the free electron laser (FEL) gain in the exponential regime taking account the diffraction and electron`s betatron oscillation. Here, we compare the growth rates obtained by solving the dispersion relation with those obtained by simulation calculation for the waterbag and the Gaussian models for the electron`s transverse phase space distribution. The agreement is found to be good except for the limiting case where the Rayleigh length is much longer than the gain length (1-D limit). We also generalize the analysis to the case where the electron beam cross section is elliptical as is usually the case in storage rings, and derive the first-order dispersion relation.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To clarify the acidic and alkaline Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking (IGSCC) mechanism of thermally treated alloy 690 (alloy 690 TT) and shot peened alloy 800 (alloy 800 SP), C-ring tests were conducted in deaerated HCl solutions and in deaerated NaOH solutions at 350degC, compared with the acidic and the alkaline IGSCC susceptibilities of mill-annealed alloy 600 (alloy 600 MA), full-sensitized one (alloy 600 FS) and thermally treated one (alloy 600 TT). Grain boundary characteristics, such as chromium depleted zone and chromium carbide precipitation, were examined using modified Huey test and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Potential-pH diagram for Ni, Cr, Fe-H_2O system at 350degC was constructed and the solubilities of NiO, Cr_2O_3 and Fe_3O_4 were also calculated to evaluate the stability of oxide films which were formed on the surfaces of alloy 690, 800 and 600. Under the acidic condition, the IGSCC susceptibility of alloy 800 SP was high. The selective dissolution of Fe ...

CERN Document Server

The emission of the plerion G21.5-0.9 appears more extended in X rays than in radio. This is an unexpected result because it would imply that short-lived X-ray electrons may reach distances even larger than radio electrons. Applying an empirical relationship between dust scattering optical depth and photoelectric column density, the measured column density leads to a large optical depth at 1 keV, of about 1. Therefore we investigate the hypothesis that the detected halo be an effect of dust scattering, re-analyzing an Cal/PV XMM-Newton observation of G21.5-0.9 and critically examining it in terms of a dust scattering model. We also present a spectral analysis of a prominent extended feature in the northern sector of the halo.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Entomological survey was conducted to know the breeding habitat preference of the forest breeder malaria vector Anopheles baimaii, known earlier as An. dirus species D in the northeastern region of India. Breeding potential of the vector in forest areas was found to be high in water stored in jungle pool (69.84%) followed by elephant footprints with clear water (39.13%) and with turbid water (26.19%), whereas in forest fringe areas, the vector breeding was more prominent in elephant footprints: 65.11% in clear water and 62.5% in turbid water. Although other habitats had shown only low breeding of the vector, all types of habitats were positively correlated with malaria occurrence. Cattle hoof marks (r?=?0.998) and elephant footprint (turbid; r?=?0.999) explained nearly the same amount of v...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An assessment was undertaken of the risk of liver cancer in the USA associated with aflatoxin ingestion from peanuts. Both laboratory-animal data and epidemiological data collected from the scientific literature and several prominent mathematical extrapolation techniques were used. Risk estimates differed by a factor of greater than 1000 when the extrapolated results of three selected animal studies were analysed. Dose-response data for the male Fischer rat, the most sensitive mammalian species studied, produced an estimate of 158 cases of liver cancer per year in the USA at current levels of aflatoxin exposure. An estimate of 58 annual cases was predicted on the basis of epidemiological data of populations in Africa and Thailand.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brazil occupies a prominence place in the development and use of sources renovate of energy, due to its great territorial extension, climate and several alternatives. One of these it is the bio diesel,o production which can substitute the oil diesel, decreasing the impacts to the environment. In the productive chain of chicken meat a residue, chicken oil, is generated with potential for biodiesel production. In this work they were certain characteristics physical chemistries, that can influence in the reactions of transesterification of the chicken oil. It was lifted up the potential of production of chicken oil in the cooperatives of the area west of the state of Parana and yield in biodiesel. The bio diesel production by cooperatives could be of 19.525.209,0 kg/year of bio diesel and the yield of 95%. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

Personal health information management (PHIM) refers to activities that support consumers' access, integration, organization, and use of their personal health information. We investigated PHIM in the health consumer population using a focus group and participatory design. In collaboration with health consumers, we identified PHIM activities and explored the design of new supportive technology. Our findings describe prominent PHIM activities such as monitoring and assessing health, as well as health-related decision making, planning, and action. We describe design principles our participants used during the participatory design of a PHIM tool. These include individual control, sharing, integration, security and flexibility. These findings provide new insights into emerging ideas in consumer health informatics research and technology design. Understanding health consumers' PHIM needs is an important step in creating technology to support these needs. PMID:17238322

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lateral plume dispersion in deep river valleys during neutral and stable lapse rate conditions can be exceptionally high due to the intense horizontal turbulence generated by prominent variations in the width, orientation and surface roughness of the valley walls. Use of the standard Gaussian dispersion equation to represent this enhanced lateral plume spread in a narrow valley may be inappropriate since consideration should also be given to the restriction of the horizontal plume spread due to impingement against the valley walls. The basic concept employed in the modification of the Gaussian dispersion equation was to assume that multiple eddy reflections occur between the valley walls in a manner similar to the vertical eddy reflections between the ground plane and an inversion layer aloft. The expressions are developed, but no attempt has been made to validate them with actual measured field data. 4 references, 3 figures, 1 table.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The phenomenon of radiation blistering by helium ion bombardment has been the subject of extensive studies in recent years because of its technological importance in thermonuclear fusion devices and reactors. However, the mechanism of radiation blistering is still not well understood. There are two different models of blister formation: the gas-pressure model and the lateral stress model. The former model is, however, supported by many experimental observations, the prominent one is that of Evans and Eyre who observed blisters appearing on the front and rear surfaces of a thin wedge-shaped molybdenum foil irradiated by helium ions. Their experiment also indicates that the thickness of the irradiated specimen could be important in affecting the characteristics of blisters. With this in view, we have studied the development of blisters in thin foils of tantalum by 30 MeV ..cap alpha..-particle bombardment.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Electronic structure, volume optimization, bulk moduli, elastic constants, and frequencies of the transversal optical vibrations in LiH, NaH, KH, RbH, and CsH are calculated using the full potential augmented plane wave method, extended with local orbitals, and the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method. The obtained results show some common features in the electronic structure of these compounds, but also clear differences, which cannot be explained using simple empirical trends. The differences are particularly prominent in the electronic distributions and interactions in various crystallographic planes. In the light of these findings we have elaborated some selected experimental results and discussed several theoretical approaches frequently used for the description of various alkali hydride properties.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A case (female, 39?years of) of thyroid-like nasopharyngeal low-grade papillary adenocarcinoma with a significant spindle cell component is presented. The tumor was located on the posterior nasal septum. The spindle cells displayed nuclear features very much similar to the epithelial component and the two cell types merged imperceptibly. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells (including the spindle cell component) were strongly and diffusely positive for TTF-1, cytokeratins (AE1-3), cytokeratin 19 and vimentin. C-kit immunohistochemistry showed diffuse mild to moderate membranous positivity with focal areas displaying moderate to strong immunoreactivity. EMA was strongly positive in the epithelial component with membranous and cytoplasmic reactivity whereas the spindle cell component ...

Science.gov (United States)

Composed of Sun sensors, the Canopus sensor, the inertial reference unit, ... The heart of the system was a 100-pound-thrust rocket whose hypergolic, ... The spacecraft's low-gain antenna picked up all incoming signals from the NASA-JPL ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Strategies to combine aspirated marrow cells with scaffolds to treat connective tissue defects are gaining increasing clinical attention and use. In situations such as large defects where initial...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

The advanced technologies of Ka-Band systems such as high gain spot .... sometimes used based on link requirements for a specific application. .... received at NASA LeRC from a Ku-band satellite and retransmitted to the USAT at Ka-Band. .... and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

If bone strength was the only requirement of skeleton, it could be achieved with bulk, but bone must also be light. During growth, bone modelling and remodelling optimize strength, by depositing bone...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

SUMMARYThe biologic and clinical significance of KIT overexpression that associates with KIT gain-of- function mutations occurring in subsets...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Computer-aided diagnosis of neural diseases from EEG signals (or other physiological signals that can be treated as time series, e.g., MEG) is an emerging field that has gained much attention in past...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Outpatient practice after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is gaining momentum due to constantly optimizing results. Furthermore, the availability of limited beds to handle the large volume...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

To gain insight into the process of mitochondrial transmission in yeast, we directly labeled mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and observed their fate after the fusion of two cells....Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A comparitive analysis is made of the principal characteristics of narrow-band and conventional semiconductor light amplifiers. It is shown that quasi-distributed filtering of the spontaneous radiation ensures a high gain and a low level of the spontaneous noise at the amplifier output.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

To gain insight into ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) function and its potential role in AD pathology, we analyzed the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Most human diseases are related in some way to the loss or gain in gene functions. Regulation of gene expression is a complex process. In addition to genetic mechanisms, epigenetic causes are...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A fully quantized many-particle theory of the standard free-electron laser in the small-signal, cold-beam regime is presented. The approach is based on an evaluation of the time-evolution operator in the interaction picture to first order in the quantum-mechanical recoil. For algebraic convenience we use the moving (Bambini-Renieri) frame, in which resonance occurs for zero electron momentum. Though we neglect space-charge effects, genuine many-particle contributions still show up, because the radiation emitted by one electron can be amplified by another electron. Our main results are gross features of the amplification, such as gain and spread, are virtually without many-particle effects. These effects are mainly important in the case of spontaneous emission. For a sufficiently high current, the buildup of the laser field from vacuum is enhanced by amplified spontaneous emission. Incoherence of the spontaneous radiation from several electrons induces deviations ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Epicuticular wax production was evaluated along the length of expanding leek (Allium porrum L.) leaves to gain insight into the regulation of wax production. Leaf segments from the...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

In the study three loss-of-feedwater type experiments which were preformed with the PACTEL facility has been calculated with two computer codes. The purpose of the experiments was to gain information about the behaviour of horizontal steam generator in a ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The amyloidoses are the prototype gain of toxic function protein misfolding diseases. As such, several naturally occurring animal models and their inducible variants provided some of the first...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Learning curve models have gained widespread acceptance as a technique for analyzing and ...... flight segment in F4 pilots p 163 A91-30966. WILSON, JOHN W . ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

SummaryHeadache due to the pressure of nasal mucosa in the absence of inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses is a clinical entity that has gained wide acceptance. Concha bullosa...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Laser gain of the NIJI-IV compact storage-ring-based Free Electron Laser (FEL) system at AIST reached #approx#9% at 200 nm for an average beam current of 16.3 mA. In addition to such a drastic gain enhancement, improvement of the laser-cavity performance has led to successful FEL lasing in the vacuum ultraviolet below 200 nm even in a compact system. Temporal and spectral characteristics of the NIJI-IV FEL were examined around 200 nm. FEL performance will be briefly discussed from the application point of view.

Science.gov (United States)

The electron-capture processes of highly stripped ions of Fq+ (q=6,7,8) and Neq+ (q=7,8,9) in collisions with He atom were investigated using the energy-gain spectroscopy technique. A single dominant peak is observed in most of the energy-gain spectra except for the Ne7+ and Ne9+ spectra, in which two peaks are observed corresponding to the one-electron capture process into levels with different principal quantum number n.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Photographic surface photometry in the BV system was carried out two Southern SO's galaxies, NGC 2855 and NGC 6771. B and V isophote maps were obtained as well as geometric and integrated parameters as position angles, inclination, diameters, magnitudes and integrated colors. Each luminosity profile was decomposed into bulge and disk contributions, each component being fitted to convenient laws. For NGC 2855 de Vaucouleurs law described well the bulge whereas the disk showed an exponential distribution. For NGC 6771 the barred nuclear bulge as well as the disk was best fitted by exponential laws. Additional luminosity components due to an inner fragmented ring were identified in NGC 2855 and due to both a quite prominent lens and well defined ring in NGC 6771. In this galaxy the minor axis, oriented almost edge-on, present clues of another luminosity component besides the bulge and the thin disk. For both galaxies the disk central surface brightness was found to be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes a maintenance problem in a fusion power plant. The problem is to specify which life limited parts should be replaced when there is an opportunity. The objective is to minimize the cost rate of replacement parts and of maintenance actions while satisfying a power plant availability constraint. The maintenance policy is to look ahead and replace all parts that will reach their life limits within a time called a screen. Longer screens yield greater system availabilities because more parts are replaced prior to their life limits.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper outlines conceptual framework for safeguards remote sensing, and suggests a strategy for overcoming the challenges to full exploitation of all types of optical satellite imagery. Since the introduction of commercial open-source high-resolution satellite imagery in 1999, it has become an important tool for verification of declarations, baseline mapping, detection and monitoring of changes and investigation of undeclared activities. Its use is still relatively restricted, but there is a growing demand for wider satellite reconnaissance support, and the Satellite Image Analysis Unit (SIAU) has recently been expanded in response. For a number of reasons, IAEA safeguards use of satellite imagery is largely based on visual interpretation by experienced image analysts of high-resolution monochromatic imagery to monitor and characterize buildings and structures on safeguards sites. The very wide range of remote sensing capabilities could be more fully exploited. There is still a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The power source facilities of JT-60 consist of poloidal magnetic coil power source, toroidal magnetic coil power source, the power generation facility for heating, operation power distribution facility and secondary cooling facility, and at the time of the experiment operation of JT-60, they supply 1300 MVA of instantaneous maximum power to loads. The component machinery and equipment of the power source facilities are installed in about 20 indoor and outdoor places, and their mounted parts are about 15,000 kinds. About 3,000 kinds of spare parts are preserved in 15 exclusively used stores. The managing system for mounted parts and spare parts of JT-60 power source facilities which possesses the functions of rapidly and efficiently carrying out the storage of large quantity of information, mutual relating and retrieval by making mounted parts and spare parts ...

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between fatty acid (alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, DHA, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids) intake and prospective weight change in the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with mean follow-up time of 6.5 years. In a total of 9182 men and 10867 women aged 35 to 64 years, from body weight measurement at recruitment and calibrated body weight during follow-up, weight change was expressed as mean annual weight change relative to baseline weight (%/year) and categorised into four groups (weight loss, or =2.5 to or =7.5%/5 years). Energy-adjusted dietary fatty acid intake data were estimated from the FFQ completed at baseline. Multivariate linear regression models as well as multinomial logistic regression analyses (carbohydrate replacement models) were conducted. RESULTS: Stearic acid intake was linearly associated with weight ...

CERN Document Server

Industrial-process control valves Part2 : Flow capacity Section Four : Inherent flow characteristics and rangeability

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are two types in quench distortion of steel parts: thermal distortion and transformation distortion. Quench distortion is caused mainly by uneven cooling rate of steel parts from Austenitising temperature. The rapid cooled side is lengthened (convex deformation); the slow cooled side is shortened (concave deformation). So, to control the quench distortion, it is necessary to regulate the cooling rate of steel parts during quenching. TWO COMPONENTS produce the quench distortion of steel parts: the thermal stress and transformation stress. Generally, the effect of the thermal stress on the quench distortion is stronger than the transformation stress. The quench distortion is caused by uneven cooling rate of the steel parts, from Austenitising temperature to Ms point and Ms-Mf range. So, to control the quench distortion, it is very important to regulate the cooling rate of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability to enhance distribution of eelgrass (Zostera marina) in the Columbia River Estuary to serve as refuge and feeding habitat for juvenile salmon, Dungeness crab, and other fish and wildlife. We strongly suspected that limited eelgrass seed dispersal has resulted in the present distribution of eelgrass meadows, and that there are other suitable places for eelgrass to survive and form functional meadows. Funded as part of the Bonneville Power Administration's call for Innovative Projects, we initiated a multistage study in 2008 that combined modeling, remote sensing, and field experimentation to: (1) Spatially predict habitat quality for eelgrass; (2) Conduct experimental plantings; and (3) Evaluate restoration potential. Baseline in-situ measurements and remote satellite observations were acquired for locations in the Lower Columbia River Estuary (LCRE) to determine ambient habitat conditions. These were ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We will describe recent improvements to the SPEAR reflectometer at the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center at Los Alamos. One of the changes consists of wider convergent, incident-beam, collimation to take advantage of optical imaging for specular scattering. In addition, the instrument now views a partially coupled liquid hydrogen moderator as opposed to the decoupled moderator that was previous in-place. While the wavelength distribution is poorer, it matches the time (wavelength) resolution of the reflectometer more closely with the angular resolution. Since the integrated intensity of the partially coupled moderator is higher than the decoupled moderator, we show a similar gain in incident beam flux on the sample without loss of the ability to separate fringes. The increases in intensity from the moderator gain and the improved collimation combine to allow us to measure reflectivities with good statistics down to 10{sup -4} in a ...

CERN Document Server

We consider the wireless Rayleigh fading relay channel with finite complex input constellations. Assuming global knowledge of the channel state information and perfect synchronization, upper and lower bounds on the achievable rate, for the full-duplex relay, as well as the more practical half-duplex relay (in which the relay cannot transmit and receive simultaneously), are studied. Assuming the power constraint at the source node and the relay node to be equal, the gain in rate offered by the use of relay over the direct transmission (without the relay) is investigated. It is shown that for the case of finite complex input constellations, the relay gain attains the maximum at a particular SNR and at higher SNRs the relay gain tends to become zero. Since practical schemes always use finite complex input constellation, the above result means that the relay offers maximum advantage over the direct transmission when we operate ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicological effects of feeding the oils of Calophyllum inophyllum, Pentaclethra macrophylla and Terminalia catappa to rats. The effects on physical appearance, feed intake, weight gain, plasma and tissue cholesterol and triacyglycerol levels in rats with 5% of the oils in normal rat feed were determined. Weekly monitoring of the rats showed good physical appearance and steady weight gain, with no mortality recorded for the period of the study. Haematological analysis of the rats indicated that they were not anaemic. Histopathotogical examination of the sections of the heart, liver, kidney and spleen revealed moderate (T. catappa oil) to severe fatty change and necrosis in the liver. Glomerulonephrotic changes in the kidneys of rats fed with T...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Motivation: High-throughput transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics methods have revolutionized our knowledge of biological systems. To gain knowledge from comparative omics studies, strong data integration and visualization features are required. Knowledge gained from these studies is often available in the form of graphs, and their visualization is especially useful in a wide range of systems biology topics, including pathway analysis, interaction networks or gene models. Especially, it is necessary to compare biological models with measured data. This allows the identification of new models and new insights into existing ones. Results: We present MGV, a versatile generic graph viewer for multiomics data. MGV is integrated into Mayday (Battke et al., 2010). It extends Maydays visual...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The high repetition rate and low single-pass gain inherent in an rf-driven Free Electron Laser (FEL) dictate that the laser system be configured as an oscillator. This allows the laser's electric field to build up over many passes around a high Q cavity. By way of contrast, the high-current capability of the Induction Linac (IL) system permits high single-pass optical gain, but the relatively low duty factor precludes oscillator operation; the pulses are neither long enough nor often enough to permit a field to accumulate in a cavity. The IL is thus configured as a MOPA (master oscillator/power amplifier) with a conventional laser serving as the MO. This report concentrates on the status of IL-driven FEL research at LLNL and gives a description of several applications for the high-peak-power radiation produced by an induction linac FEL.

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The document provides: An overview of CCS technology including what plant equipment is novel and what is currently in use within the CCS or other industries; An in depth guide to carbon dioxide to broaden the readers understanding of the material and its health and safety issues; Key design features of plant and pipelines for carbon dioxide service including experience gained from the industrial gases sector; and Key operational information for plant and pipelines for carbon dioxide service including experience gained from the industrial gases sector to ensure that your operating practices take into account the latest operational experiences from carbon dioxide plant. 45 figs., 18 tabs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Philosophy of science was once a much more socially engaged endeavor, and can be so again. After a look back at philosophy of science in the 1930s?1950s, I turn to discuss the current potential for returning to a more engaged philosophy of science. Although philosophers of science have much to offer scientists and the public, I am skeptical that much can be gained by philosophers importing off-the-shelf discussions from philosophy of science to science and society. Such efforts will likely look like efforts to do applied ethics by merely applying ethical theories to particular contexts and problems. While some insight can be gained by these kinds of endeavors, the most interesting and pressing problems for the actual practitioners and users of science are rarely addressed. Instead, I recom...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Research in concentrated thermal solar power plants of all types and, in particular, those based on central receiver, namely solar tower plants, has experienced great impetus in the last decade, reaching full commercial operation with the PS10 plant in Spain. In spite of previous demonstration plants testing different receivers and power cycle layouts, this first commercial power plant adopted a cavity receiver generating saturated steam and therefore penalising cycle efficiency in order to gain plant reliability. According to the experience gained, if a competitive Levelised Cost of Electricity is to be reached, capital and maintenance costs must be reduced and efficiencies must be increased. To achieve these goals, modifying the power cycle is deemed essential, whether using superheated ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper, a neural networks (NN) based adaptive sliding mode controller (SMC) is introduced. The selection of SMC feedback gains is normally based on one operating point and thus the performance of the controller away from the design operating point is, of necessity, a compromise. The adaptive SMC is proposed to overcome the limitations imposed on the effectiveness of the SMC under different operating conditions. Neural networks are used for online prediction of the optimal SMC gains when the operating point changes. The proposed method has been applied to a power system stabilizer (PSS) of a single machine power system. Simulation results are included to demonstrate the performance of the proposed control scheme.

Science.gov (United States)

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Science.gov (United States)

Radial Halbach magnetic bearings have been investigated as part of an effort to develop increasingly

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The FEL electron linac consists of three buncher cavities: two accelerator cavities and a deflection cavity, each with its own phase-coherent rf source. All sources will be pulsed for 100 #mu#s at a 1-pps rate. The phase and amplitude stability requirements are +-1/2_0, and +-1/2%. There are two subharmonic bunchers, each requiring 5 kW at 108.33 MHz. All remaining cavities operate at 1300 MHz. The fundamental buncher requires 5 kW, whereas each of the accelerating cavities requires at least 3 MW. The deflection cavity requires up to 100 kW, which is coupled from one of the accelerator cavity rf sources. Prominent features of the rf system are the phase and amplitude control circuits and the multimegawatt klystron amplifiers. Three L3707 klystrons were obtained from the AMRAD radar site at White Sands, which was decommissioned in the early 1970s. The tubes originally were designed to produce 10-MW, 10-#mu#s pulses. Each tube has delivered over 3.6-MW, 100-#mu#s ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy, it is suggested that there is a reduced uptake of [sup 123]I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) in the heart. We compared the difference of myocardial [sup 123]I-MIBG accumulation between 4 diabetic patients with triopathy and 6 patients without it. In all 10 patients, coronary angiography and [sup 201]Tl imaging (rest and 4 hours later) were performed. [sup 123]I-MIBG (111 MBq) was administered intravenously and its imaging was recorded on 15 minutes and 4 hours after injection. In all 4 cases with triopathy, [sup 123]I-MIBG imaging showed defect in apical and inferior region. In 2 out of 6 cases without triopathy, rapid clearance was noticed in apical and inferior region. There was no significant stenosis in right coronary artery and no defect in initial and delayed [sup 201]Tl images in all cases. We concluded that diabetic autonomic neuropathy in the heart was prominent in apical and inferior region and [sup ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cerium is known to enter substitutionally in trivalent state when doped in alkali halides. Cerium doped NaCl crystals exhibit greatly enhanced thermoluminescence output upon X-irradiation at RT, the intensity of emission being about 10 times that in undoped crystals for similar dosage of irradiation. The cerium doped crystals give upon X-irradiation a very intense glow peak at 145degC with shoulders at 120degC and 210degC. Upon partially bleaching the crystal with F-light, the peak at 120degC becomes prominent probably due to faster bleaching of the glow at 145degC. From further optical bleaching studies, it is concluded that the glow peak at around 120degC is due to cerium centres in the irradiated crystal and the 145degC peak due to F centres. This F centre emission occurs at lower temperature, compared to that in the undoped crystals where it occurs at around 180degC. The spectral emission in the Ce doped crystals is in the blue-green region as compared to the ...

CERN Document Server

We investigate the physics of the lightest CP-even MSSM Higgs boson at the Tevatron, the LHC, a linear e+e- collider, a gamma gamma collider and a mu+mu- collider. The analysis is performed in the three most prominent soft SUSY-breaking scenarios, mSUGRA, mGMSB and mAMSB. For all colliders the observability and parameter regions with suppressed production cross sections (compared to a SM Higgs boson with the same mass) are investigated. For the lepton and photon colliders the potential is analyzed of precision measurements of the branching ratios of the light CP-even Higgs boson for obtaining indirect bounds on the mass of the CP-odd Higgs boson and the high-energy parameters of the soft SUSY-breaking scenarios. In regions of the parameter space where the LHC can detect the heavy Higgs bosons, precision measurements of the properties of the light Higgs boson at the linear collider can provide valuable information for distinguishing between the mSUGRA, mGMSB and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The FEL electron linac consists of three buncher cavities: two accelerator cavities and a deflection cavity, each with its own phase-coherent rf source. All sources will be pulsed for 100 #mu#s at a 1-pps rate. The phase and amplitude stability requirements are + or - 1/2"0, and + or - 1/2%. There are two subharmonic bunchers, each requiring 5 kW at 108.33 MHz. All remaining cavities operate at 1300 MHz. The fundamental buncher requires 5 kW, whereas each of the accelerating cavities requires at least 3 MW. The deflection cavity requires up to 100 kW, which is coupled from one of the accelerator cavity rf sources. Prominent features of the rf system are the phase and amplitude control circuits and the multimegawatt klystron amplifiers. Three L3707 klystrons were obtained from the AMRAD radar site at White Sands, which was decommissioned in the early 1970s. The tubes originally were designed to produce 10-MW, 10-#mu#s pulses. Each tube has delivered over 3.6-MW, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

New measurements of the spin structure functions of the proton and deuteron g{sub 1}{sup p}(x, Q{sup 2}) and g{sub 1}{sup d}(x, Q{sup 2}) in the nucleon resonance region are compared with extrapolations of target-mass-corrected next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD fits to higher energy data. Averaged over the entire resonance region (W < 2 GeV), the data and QCD fits are in good agreement in both magnitude and Q{sup 2} dependence for Q{sup 2} > 1.7 GeV{sup 2}/c{sup 2}. This ''global'' duality appears to result from cancellations among the prominent ''local'' resonance regions: in particular strong {sigma}{sub 3/2} contributions in the {Delta}(1232) region appear to be compensated by strong {sigma}{sub 1/2} contributions in the resonance region centered on 1.5 GeV. These results are encouraging for the extension of NLO QCD fits to lower W and Q{sup 2} than have been used previously.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The purpose of organization and management development activities in the commercial nuclear power industry is to foster high levels of power plant performance and safety through improved human performance. The NRC has been working to develop assessment tools to assay the effects of organizational factors on plant safety. The utility industry has been working on initiatives targeting individual accountability, the improvement of plant performance and the elimination of the items identified through the NRC assessment process. Organization and management activities do not focus on industry organizational charts, but on the personnel processes and dimensions (factors) that affect safety and economic performance. As individual terms these activities are often combined and referred to as organizational factors. As an area of study, organizational factors has become more prominent as the industry emphasis has switched in recent years from hardware issues related to safety ...

CERN Document Server

Aliasing, or sharing, is prominent in many domains, denoting that two differently-named objects are in fact identical: a change in one object (memory cell, circuit terminal, disk block) is instantly reflected in the other. Languages for modelling such domains should let the programmer explicitly define the sharing among objects or expressions. A DSL compiler may find other identical expressions and share them, implicitly. Such common subexpression elimination is crucial to the efficient implementation of DSLs. Sharing is tricky in embedded DSL, since host aliasing may correspond to copying of the underlying objects rather than their sharing. This tutorial summarizes discussions of implementing sharing in Haskell DSLs for automotive embedded systems and hardware description languages. The technique has since been used in a Haskell SAT solver and the DSL for music synthesis. We demonstrate the embedding in pure Haskell of a simple DSL with a language form for ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The decommissioning of windscale Pile 2 Chimney resulted in the removal of one of most historically significant and prominent features of the Sellafield site. The project was the first large scale concrete ''free release'' operation to be undertaken on the Sellafield nuclear site, producing 4500 tons of concrete of which 3000 tons was demonstrated to be ''free release''. The paper describes the radiometric techniques employed in the characterisation and segregation of the concrete into low level waste (LLW), very low level waste (VLLW) and free release categories. It examines the robust solutions that were developed to meet the technical and regulatory challenges of the project, which included the definition of free release, the selection of averaging volumes, the testing and validation of the monitoring systems employed for ton quantities of concrete and the identification and removal of small numbers of fuel particles from the free release waste stream. As a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Experimental discussions were given on effect of V and W addition on the high temperature strength properties of 12% Cr-15% Mn austenite steels. The test samples were added with W at 0% to 3.5% and V at 0% to 0.5% in addition to C and N, and were given aging treatment or solution treatment. This paper describes the following matters on the results of high-temperature strength measurements and structural observation: A remarkable trend was observed that M23 Cb type carbides precipitate in the aging treatment, wherein aging hardening appears prominently which is attributable to ultra-fine deposits of vanadium nitride (VN) in the V-added material; the V addition is very effective in increasing the high-temperature tensile strength and creep fracture strength as compared with single W addition, wherein the said carbides that accelerate the precipitation as a result of the V addition make a large contribution, in addition to that by ultra-fine VN deposits; and the ...

CERN Document Server

We present the discovery of a Baldwin effect in 8 nearby Seyfert galaxies for the three most prominent mid-infrared forbidden emission lines observable from the ground that are commonly found in AGN, [ArIII](8.99 micron), [SIV](10.51 micron), and [NeII](12.81 micron). The observations were carried out using the VLT/VISIR imager and spectroraph at the ESO/Paranal observatory. The bulk of the observed line emission comes from the inner <0.4 arcsec which corresponds to spatial scales <100 pc in our object sample. The correlation index is approximately -0.6 without significant difference among the lines. This is the strongest anti-correlation between line equivalent width and continuum luminosity found so far. In the case of Circinus, we show that despite the use of mid-infrared lines, obscuration by either the host galaxy or the circumnuclear dust torus might affect the equivalent widths. Given the small observed spatial scales from which most of the line ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: The production of #beta#-sialon from kaolinite and carbon has been studied using Hulu Langat Kaolin and activated carbon as raw materials. The sintered temperature is shown to play a prominent role in the process of sialon conversion. Apart from temperature, nitrogen flow rate is also affect the production of #beta#--sialon. This study was carried out on the effect of additive, Y_2O_3 and Al_2O_3 at different temperature that will be mixed and sintered. The additives are expected to affect the formation of #beta#--sialon and Y-sialon upon the synthesis. The mineral and phase development was analysed using X-Ray Diffraction technique (Rigaku Geigerflex) while its chemical compositions through X-Ray Fluorescent Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu XRF 1700) and the particle size distribution analysis through Particle Size Analyser (Horiba, CAPA 700). The observed changes in the microstructure were analysed using the Hitachi S2500 Scanning Electron Microscope. ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

IntroductionCopper(II)-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone), or Cu-ATSM, a hypoxia imaging agent, has been shown to be predictive of response to traditional cancer therapies in patients with a wide range of tumors. It is known that the environment of the tumor results in a myriad of physiological consequences, including hypoxia, alterations in metabolism and proliferation. In an effort to better characterize the relationships between Cu-ATSM and other prominent radiopharmaceuticals, this current study was undertaken to compare the regional distribution of 64Cu-ATSM with [18F]fluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO), [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) and [18F]fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) in 9L tumors.MethodsTaking advantage of the different half-life of 18F (t1/2=110 min) in comparison to 64Cu...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This report presents a comparison of the characteristics of some prominent examples of independent government corporations and agencies with respect to the Department of Energy's (DOE) uranium enrichment enterprise. The six examples studied were: the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA); the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA); the Synthetic Fuels Corporation (SYNFUELS); the Consolidated Rail Corporation (CONRAIL); the British Telecommunications Corporation (British TELECOM); and the Communications Satellite Organization (COMSAT), in order of decreasing levels of government ownership and control. They range from BPA, which is organized as an agency within DOE, to COMSAT, which is privately owned and free from almost all regulations common to government agencies. Differences in the degree of government involvement in these corporations and in many other characteristics serve to illustrate that there are no accepted standards for defining the characteristics of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In a turbine rotor, a thermal mismatch between various component parts of the rotor occurs particularly during transient operations such as shutdown and startup. A thermal medium flows past and heats or cools one part of the turbine which may have a deleterious thermal mismatch with another part. By passively controlling the flow of cooling medium past the one part in response to relative movement of thermally responsive parts of the turbine, the flow of thermal medium along the flow path can be regulated to increase or reduce the flow, thereby to regulate the temperature of the one part to maintain the thermal mismatch within predetermined limits.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Convective cooling of turbine hot parts using a closed loop system is disclosed. Preferably, the present invention is applied to cooling the hot parts of combustion turbine power plants, and the cooling provided permits an increase in the inlet temperature and the concomitant benefits of increased efficiency and output. In preferred embodiments, methods and apparatus are disclosed wherein air is removed from the combustion turbine compressor and delivered to passages internal to one or more of a combustor and turbine hot parts. The air cools the combustor and turbine hot parts via convection and heat is transferred through the surfaces of the combustor and turbine hot parts.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background: Little is known about the effectiveness of behavioral strategies to prevent long-term weight gain among adolescents and young adults.Objective: The objective...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The wavelength dependence of the threshold in an InGaP-InAlGaP vertical cavity surface emitting laser is investigated using a microscopic theory of the semiconductor gain medium. Good agreement is found between experiment and theory for the minimum threshold lasing wavelength for a range of laser structures.

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This book provides the information required to design and prepare construction drawings, and to install, inspect, test, and commission buried piping. Both pressure and gravity piping are covered, including water, steam, gases, and sewers. Directed primarily toward underground industrial piping systems, this is a succinct, well-organized compilation of practical knowledge. Checklists, examples, tables, charts, nomographs, short cuts, and helpful hints gained through years of experience complete this timely and useful ''how to'' book.

CERN Document Server

We discuss the Sundman-Weierstrass theorem of total collapse in its historical context. This remarkable and relatively simple result, a type of stability criterion, is at the crossroads of some interesting developments in the gravitation Newtonian N-body problem. We use it as motivation to explore the connections to such important concepts as integrability, singularities and tyipicality in order to gain some insight on the transition from a predominantly quantitative to a novel qualitative approach to dynamical problems that took place at the end of the 19th century.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Consensus reached in the last few years that fourth generation light source will most likely be a X-ray or a UV coherent source based on single-pass high-gain free electron laser (FEL), such as Self Amplified Spontaneous Emission (SASE), or seeded high-gain harmonic-generation (HGHG) free electron lasers. High-gain (>10"7) required for single-pass FEL puts great constrain on the quality of electron beam, and demands detailed distribution information of electron beam in six-dimension. The typical accelerator system for single-pass FEL consists of a photocathode RF gun injection system, a linac and magnetic bunch compressors, and a long undulator. The major challenges in beam diagnostics for single-pass FEL are to characterize the pico-seconds high-brightness electron beam in six-dimension produced by photocathode RF gun injector, and improve the stability and reliability of the photocathode RF gun injection system. ...

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The objective of this research is to gain a better understanding of the corrosion of the aluminized type 316 stainless steel employed in the seal areas of the molten carbonate fuel cell. The seals are formed between the aluminized Type 316 SS surface and the electrolyte (generally a mixture of molten alkali carbonates and lithium aluminate).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This investigation involves a study of the influence of key processing parameters on the heating of materials using microwave energy. Selective and localized heating characteristics of microwaves will be utilized in the sintering of ceramics without hydrostatic pressure. In addition, combustion synthesis will be studied for the production of powders, carbides, and nitrides by combining two or more solids or a solid and a gas to form new materials. The insight gained from the interaction of microwaves with various materials will be utilized in the mobilization and subsequent redeposition of uranium.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

As the Operating and Support staffs of the FFTF organization have gained experience, the plant reliability and capacity factors have shown a steadily improving trend. The plant capacity factor for Cycle 4 was 99.5%. It is the purpose of this report to describe the evolution of the maintenance organization at the FFTF site from a general support organization to a technically proficient organization playing a major role in planning and performance of plant maintenance evolutions.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heterodyne detection with a point-contact Josephson junction has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The measured performance of the device at 36 GHz is in good agreement with the theory. By operating vanadium point contacts at 1.4 K, the authors have achieved a single-sideband (SSB) mixer noise temperature of 54 K with a conversion gain of 1.35 and a signal bandwidth on the order of 1 GHz. A potentially impressive performance for these devices at submillimeter wavelengths can be extrapolated from the results.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This 2001 edition of the guide to UK renewable energy companies examines the geothermal heat pump sector, and discusses the technology involved, installations of geothermal heat pumps, the activity in the UK market with increased interest in UK geothermal heat pump products from abroad, and developments in the building sector. The UK government's increased support for the industry including its sponsorship of the Affordable Warmth programme, and the future potential of ground source systems are discussed.

CERN Document Server

We present the first results from tests of a MICROMEGAS detector manufactured using the so-called "bulk" technology and having a resistive cathode mesh instead of the conventional metallic one. This detector operates as usual MICROMEGAS, but in the case of sparks, which may appear at high gas gains, the resistive mesh reduces their current and makes the sparks harmless. This approach could be complementary to the ongoing efforts of various groups to develop spark-protected MICROMEGAS with resistive anode planes.

Science.gov (United States)

Coke strength increases in significance as blast furnace and metallurgical plant gain in size and output requirement. The article underlines the need to apply error computation standards to strength testing routines. The mean square deviation was found for cokes from different plants, related to a single strength determination for M25 and M10, and amounted to 0.61 and 0.35% respectively. The future standards should include a correlation factor for permitted tolerance as between parallel determinations.

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Image representations have gained wide acceptance in displaying data collected during optical, ultrasonic, radiographic, and thermographic inspections. Applying imaging techniques to eddy current testing is explored in this article. The authors show that flaw interpretation and characterization are made considerably simpler when images are used to visualize the impedance changes in eddy current probes.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

α-Galactosidases from thermophilic organisms have gained interest owing to their applications in the sugar industry. The α-galactosidases AgaA, AgaB and AgaA A355E mutant from Geobacillus...Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

The CLIC (Compact Linear Collider) high-gradient RF structure testing program has been carried out in order to gain insight into the physical processes involved in RF breakdown, determine the mechanisms that limit gradient and produce damage so that technical concepts can be developed which allow higher accelerating gradients. Two main paths towards higher gradients have emerged from this program, and the performances of two new structures which incorporate them are presented.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electric cars have long been seen as science fiction. This may be changing. As the 1990s began, several companies chose to launch publicity campaigns for electric vehicles. In California, experimental programmes are gaining momentum, in the context of LA's appalling air pollution problems and tightening clean air standards. Supporters claim that electric motive power is a key to solving several environmental problems involving atmospheric pollution. These claims are examined. (author).

Science.gov (United States)

This paper presents a case study in the design and implementation of a numerical weather prediction model on a supercomputer (CRAY-1). Following a historical introduction to the evolution of the model, the governing equations of the model are presented and the numerical solution of these forecast equations is described. A brief tutorial on the architecture of the CRAY-1 is presented with a discussion of how it affects the choice of algorithms and code design of the model. A summary of the advantages gained by use of the vector aspects of the CRAY-1 is included.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this thesis, increased hemicellulose retention during kraft pulping has been studied. The work has been divided into three parts: i) Development of an accessible and reliable method for determination of carbohydrate composition of kraft pulps ii) Investigation of the composition and molecular mass distributions of the carbohydrates in kraft pulps with increased hemicellulose content iii) Investigation of the effect of increased hemicellulose content on the sheet properties of kraft pulps with increased hemicellulose content. A method for carbohydrate determination was developed. In this method, enzymes are used to hydrolyse the pulp into monosaccharides. A relatively mild acid hydrolysis is performed prior to detection on an HPLC with an RI-detector. The pulp is not derivatized and no pre-treatment (mechanical or chemical) is needed to determine the carbohydrate composition using the method developed here. Peak deconvolution software is used to improve the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is one of the world's most powerful research reactors. In 1996, one year after the demise of the Advanced Neutron Source Project, the U.S. Department of Energy embarked on an aggressive program to upgrade the neutron scattering facilities at the HFIR. These upgrades, which are now in progress, include the installation of larger beam tubes, a high-performance hydrogen cold source, and additional neutron guides and neutron scattering instruments. An extensive analysis effort was performed over the past 4 yr to support the design of the modified beamlines and new user facilities and to assess the impact of the upgrades on the integrity of the existing reactor system. The results of three of these analyses are summarized here. Specifically, results are presented for analyses related to the design of the new cold neutron source (CNS), the assessment of beam tube changes on the anticipated pressure vessel lifetime, ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Part One of this article describes the principles and origins of the Healthy Communities movement. Part Two describes the Coalition for Healthier Cities and Communities, a national network of partnerships...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Based on changes to the fuel pin gas gap composition, pin location and assembly location, revisions to the TDD-IB, Part 2 are provided.

Science.gov (United States)

W. Wayne Scott, NASA TND-2659. William E. Dance and Leo L. Baggerly, Part I, NASA CR-334 (Dec. 1965). 6. C. Trail and Sol Raboy, Rev. Sci. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Nov 30, 2010 ... Journey Into Cyberspace (6-Part Video Series). Length/Year. 146 minutes/1993. Media. VHS. Item Number. 004.0-11V ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the second part of this paper the author concludes his examination of the application of thermoplastic materials and also considers alumina ceramics, cast basalt and glass, rubbers, resins and wear-resistant steels

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper consists of two parts. Part 1 deals with the thermodynamic and thermoeconomic methodology of a trigeneration (TRIGEN) system with a rated output of 6.5 MW gas-diesel engine while the application of the methodology is presented in Part 2. The system has been installed in the Eskisehir Industry Estate Zone in Turkey. Thermodynamic methodology includes the relations and performance parameters for energy and exergy analysis, while thermoeconomic methodology covers the cost balance relations, cost of products and thermodynamic inefficiencies, relative cost difference and exergoeconomic factor. (author)

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(1974). United States Ramsett, LO Wisconsin Public Service Corp., Green

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Transdifferentiation of an individual's own cells into functional differentiated cells to replace an organ's lost function would be a personalized approach to therapeutics. In this two part series, we will describe the progress toward establishing functional transdifferentiated adrenal cortical cells. In this article (Part 2), we describe the disorders of the adrenal cortex, therefore establishing why there is the need for personalized cell-based therapy for individuals with these disorders. We then present our pilot studies of cell transdifferentiation toward an adrenal cortical fate using genes described in the first article of this pair (Part 1).

Science.gov (United States)

... laser structure. However, still the greater part (60%) of emitted photons is a result of a spontaneous radiation process. In ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Those communications and information management capabilities required in the battlefield should be part of the weapon system. ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bulk micromachining generally refers to processes involving wet chemical etching of structures formed out of the silicon substrate and so is limited to fairly large, crude structures. Surface micromachining allows intricate patterning of thin films of polysilicon and other materials to form essentially two-dimensional layered parts (since the thickness of the parts is limited by the thickness of the deposited films). There is a third type of micromachining in which the part is formed by filling a mold which was defined by photolithographic means. Historically micromachining molds have been formed in some sort of photopolymer, be it with x-ray lithography (``LIGA``) or more conventional UV lithography, with the aim of producing piece parts. Recently, however, several groups including ours at Sandia have independently come up with the idea of forming the mold for mechanical parts by ...

Science.gov (United States)

Today you will learn about the parts of DNA and what DNA, genes and chromosomes are. Today you will learn what DNA, genes and chromosomes are and the parts of the DNA molecule. Look at all of the websites, take whatever notes you need to. At the end of the assignment, be able to describle DNA, the parts of DNA, genes and chromosomes. Covers Biology Core Curriculum, ...

CERN Document Server

We improve the steady-state ab initio laser theory (SALT) of Tureci et al. by expressing its fundamental self-consistent equation in a basis set of threshold constant flux states that contains the exact threshold lasing mode. For cavities with non-uniform index and/or non-uniform gain, the new basis set allows the steady-state lasing properties to be computed with much greater efficiency. This formulation of the SALT can be solved in the single-pole approximation, which gives the intensities and thresholds, including the effects of nonlinear hole-burning interactions to all orders, with negligible computational effort. The approximation yields a number of analytic predictions, including a "gain-clamping" transition at which strong modal interactions suppress all higher modes. We show that the single-pole approximation agrees well with exact SALT calculations, particularly for high-Q cavities. Within this range of validity, it provides an ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The atomic explosions in Hiroshima and Nagasaki made the name radiation itself become a nightmare. Notwithstanding this, radiation continued to serve the mankind specially in diagnosis of several human diseases and in the treatment of intractable malignancies. With their latest research tools biologists have now shown a significant shift in the earlier paradigm; even the concept that radiation initiates cancer appears to be no longer tenable. On the contrary, selective radiation doses inhibit growth of cancer cells and radiation in combination with many chemotherapeutic drugs, radiosensitizing chemicals and/or hyperthermia, is emerging as a new modality for cancer treatment which offers high therapeutic advantages. In addition, the deleterious effects of radiation can now be strategically counter poised by the use of many drugs and chemicals. This has been possible by the newer insights gained in the mechanism of biological effects of radiation. The fate of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We discuss the possibility of extending solid state laser technology to high average power and of improving the efficiency of such lasers sufficiently to make them reasonable candidates for a number of demanding applications. A variety of new design concepts, materials, and techniques have emerged over the past decade that, collectively, suggest that the traditional technical limitations on power (a few hundred watts or less) and efficiency (less than 1%) can be removed. The core idea is configuring the laser medium in relatively thin, large-area plates, rather than using the traditional low-aspect-ratio rods or blocks. This presents a large surface area for cooling, and assures that deposited heat is relatively close to a cooled surface. It also minimizes the laser volume distorted by edge effects. The feasibility of such configurations is supported by recent developments in materials, fabrication processes, and optical pumps. Two types of lasers can, in principle, utilize this ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

GaN and Al_1_-_xGa_xN films were grown by the method of ECR-MBE. Absorption constants as a function of wavelength were determined from transmission measurements. Photoconducting detectors were fabricated from these films and characterized in terms of their spectral response and photoconductive gain. Mobility-lifetime products were determined from the measurement of photoconductive gain. The resistivity and mobility-lifetime products of the films were varied from 10--10"9 ohm-cm and 10"-"3--10"-"8 cm"2/V respectively by changing the microwave power in the ECR discharge from 20--60 watts. The change in the mobility-lifetime product is attributed to change in the lifetimes of the photogenerated carriers. This assumption is supported by direct measurement of detector response times. Finally, the authors report for the first time, the detection of alpha particles using GaN detectors.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Certain innovative coke-oven repair techniques are reviewed that represent an engineered approach to a successful rehabilitation of all types of coke-oven batteries. These techniques have been developed during the last 10 years and experience gained on a number of repair projects has shown that these techniques operate as a cohesive and comprehensive method of end flue and through-wall repairs to gain additional years of operating life to coke-oven batteries. Extended operations approaching 10 to 15 additional years of service at lower costs than a pad-up rebuild and, while meeting the environmental emission regulations, are attainable using the techniques of: Proper tie-in joint preparation; Improved bricking up methodology; Preheating refractory during bricking up; Installation of spring-loaded bracing system; and installation of flexible coke-oven doors. Repair methods that do not incorporate the above techniques are subject to premature ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are certain factors to take into account when determining the suitability of a healthy house site. Power lines, agricultural spraying, vehicle exhaust, and industrial pollution are all potential sources of indoor air contamination. It is recommended that a environmental assessment be done to determine whether there are specific sources of contamination. Good drainage is required. The surrounding landscaping should be open and sunlit, and with low maintenance requirements. Decks and fences made from pressure-treated or chemical treated lumber should be avoided. One of the early decisions in the design process is the choice of the structural system. The key with all foundation types is to control moisture, whether from rain, from the ground, or the condensation of moisture from the air with cooling. The construction frame is sealed away from the occupants by the air/vapor barrier, so only in extreme cases is it essential to use alternatives to softwood lumber for framing exterior ...

Science.gov (United States)

Charge flow and valence/d-band behavior in ion-beam-mixed (IBM) Pd1-xAgx (x = 0.5-0.9) alloys have been studied by X-ray photoemission measurement of the valence bands and of core-level binding energy shifts and X-ray absorption near-edge structure. We correlated the observed Ag 3d5/2 core-level shifts in these IBM alloys, relative to the elemental Ag, with the White Line area changes at the Pd and Ag L3-edge to investigate the charge redistribution at the Ag site. The results indicate that there is a decrease in sp-like conduction electron and a negligible change in the number of d-electrons at the Ag site upon alloying. These results are in line with our previous results in which Pd gains d-charges and loses sp-type charges. This electron redistribution due to hybridization in the alloy leads small net charge transfer from the Ag site to the Pd site in accordance with electronegativity predictions. This result is consistent with the result of recent theoretical ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Shell Oil's exploration of profitable business opportunities afforded by fuel cells and by the emergence of a viable hydrogen economy is discussed. The emphasis in this paper is on the transportation sector, particularly the importance of a refueling infrastructure and the influence that consumer attitudes will have on which technological solution will gain the upper hand in hydrogen-powered vehicle development. Key issues facing the oil industry with regard to development of hydrogen as the new energy carrier are also reviewed. Methanol reformer fuel cell cars are the most likely to gain acceptability in the short term, but the probability of methanol fuel cell vehicles being replaced by gasoline or hydrogen fuelled fuel cell vehicles or be superseded by advances in internal combustion engine and after-treatment technology, are very real. Government regulations, fiscal incentives and societal pressures will be the principal determinants of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A brief overview is given of the geological characteristics of each region of the state as they relate to potential geothermal development. Those exploration methods which can lead to the siting of a deep exploration well are described. Requirements and techniques needed for drilling deeper higher temperature exploration and production wells are presented. Electrical generation, direct utilization, and indirect utilization are reviewed. Economic factors of direct use projects are presented. A general guide to the regulatory framework affecting geothermal energy development is provided. The general steps necessary to gain access to explore, develop, distribute, and use geothermal resources are outlined. (MHR)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report the first experimental achievement of a storage ring free-electron laser (FEL) oscillation on the third harmonic in the near-infrared region. The FEL gain was evaluated as 0.029% per mA. The measured linewidth of the third-harmonic FEL was less than that of the fundamental FEL, and the measured pulse width of the third-harmonic FEL was wider than that of the fundamental FEL. A higher-harmonic FEL should be developed not only to enhance the wavelength region of the FEL but also to vary the characteristics of an FEL micropulse. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The conceptual design for a cyclotron that could possibly deliver a 10 MW proton beam, presented at the previous ADTT conference, is discussed in comparison with the operational experience gained with 0.9 MW beam power in the upgraded cyclotron facility at PSI that has reached the design goal of 1.5 mA at 590 MeV in 1995. Some critical aspects of the design are e.g. RF power and beam loading, beam loss and activation, space charge effects and bunching. 12 refs., 2 figs., 1 tab.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The main activities developed at 'Instituto de Energia Atomica' Sao Paulo, Brazil, on the recovery of uranium from ores, the purification of uranium and thorium raw concentrates and their transformation in nuclear grade compounds, are reviewed. The design and assemble of pilot facilities for ammonium diuranate (ADV) uranium tetrafluoride, uranium trioxide, uranium oxide microspheres, uranyl nitrate denitration, uranim hexafluoride and thorium compounds are discussed. The establishment of analytical procedures are emphasized.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

CERN has encouraged the US-LARP collaboration to participate in Phase I of the LHC luminosity upgrade by analyzing the benefits gained by using Nb3Sn technology to replace the functionality of select NbTi magnets that CERN is committed to construct. Early studies have shown that the much higher gradients (shorter magnetic lengths) and temperature margins (quench stability) of Nb3Sn magnets compared to their NbTi counterparts is favorable--allowing the insertion of additional absorbers between Q1 and Q2, for example. This paper discusses the relative merits of the NbTi and Nb3Sn options.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A systematic optimization method of choosing the weighting matrix in linear optimal control system design, under the conditions of prespecified closed-loop dominant eigenvalue locations and feedback gain limit constraints, is presented in this paper. Studies show that with the proposed method one can obtain the desired weighting matrix very quickly and conveniently without the heavy burden of choosing a suitable weighting matrix by trail and error. This method can also easily achieve a reduced-order feedback control system. The linear optimal power system stabilizer designed by using the proposed method produces very good performance.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

It has been predicted for several years that light is focused (optically guided) as well as amplified by the electron beam in a free electron laser (FEL). The degree of focusing depends strongly on both electron beam and optical beam characteristics. In an FEL oscillator the degree of focusing varies with intracavity optical power during the macropulse. We report the first direct measurements of the evolution of transverse optical model size and shape between small signal and saturation in a short wavelength (Compton regime) FEL oscillator. The mode measurements on the Mark III FEL oscillator are shown to be consistent with theory, requiring both refractive and gain contributions to guiding. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

It may be stated that for the calculation of the heat transfer coefficients for natural convection cooling of large-diameter finned surfaces it is necessary to take in consideration the effects of the fin length, fin material and of the azimuthal angle around the cylinder. The present results replace earlier less accurate correlations gained from the same measurements. The new, better correlation was elaborated with the aid of the improved method of evaluation of multiple parameters of a measurement matrix of multiple dimension (one dimension for each parameter), rendering the sum of the squares error a minimum at the same time for the complete matrix. 5 references.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Visceral hypersensitivity is currently considered a key pathophysiological mechanism involved in pain perception in large subgroups of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In IBS, visceral hypersensitivity has been described in 20%?90% of patients. The contribution of the central nervous system and psychological factors to visceral hypersensitivity in patients with IBS may be significant, although still debated. Peripheral factors have gained increasing attention following the recognition that infectious enteritis may trigger the development of persistent IBS symptoms, and the identification of mucosal immune, neural, endocrine, microbiological, and intestinal permeability abnormalities. Growing evidence suggests that these factors ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A LiF crystal analyzer has been used to measure phonon creation events when a low energy He beam scatters from a Cu(001) surface at low temperature (16 "0K). As only phonon creation events were observed, the inelastic scattering was subspecular. Atom parallel momentum gain and loss events were observed and both bulk and surface modes contributed to the inelastic scattering. An elastic component of scattering was observed over a wide angular range.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Abstract: The Hanford Tanks Initiative (HTI) is a five-year project resulting from the technical and financial partnership of the U.S. Department of Energy`s Office of Waste Management (EM-30) and Office of Science and Technology Development (EM-50). The HTI project accelerates activities to gain key technical, cost performance, and regulatory information on two high-level waste tanks. The HTI will provide a basis for design and regulatory decisions affecting the remainder of the Tank Waste Remediation System`s tank waste retrieval Program.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The orbit response matrix (ORM) method [1] is applied to model the Fermilab Booster with parameters such as the BPM gains and rolls, and parameters in the lattice model, including the gradient errors and magnets rolls. We found that the gradients and rolls of the adjacent combined-function magnets were deeply correlated, preventing full determination of the model parameters. Suitable constraints of the parameters were introduced to guarantee an unique, equivalent solution. Simulations show that such solution preserves proper combinations of the adjacent parameters. The result shows that the gradient errors of combined-function magnets are within design limits.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A large number of fiber optic cables were used in support of a neutron imaging experiment at the Nevada Test Site. This paper describes the quality control testing of fiber components used on this experiment. The principal reason for quality control testing was to ensure reliable, high transmission fibers; a secondary reason was to gain data on a large sample of fiber cables in the field. Also described is the instrumentation developed for carrying out these field measurements. The design of the quality control instrumentation was a compromise between accuracy and simplicity of use.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose Study the radiolysis of solid-state metoclopramide hydrochloride at various absorbed doses. Elucidate the structure of the degradation products to gain information on the radiolysis mechanisms. Methods Solid-state metoclopramide samples were irradiated at several doses with gamma rays and high-energy electrons to evaluate the influence of the dose rate. High-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector was used to measure the chemical potency as a function of the absorbed dose and to quantify the degradation products. The characterization of degradation products was performed by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/tandem mass spectrometry. Results The degradation of solid-state metoclopramide after irradiation was negligible. No qualitati...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Kyoto Protocol foresees emission trading but does not yet specify verification of (uncertain) emissions. This paper analyses a setting in which parties can meet their emission targets by reducing emissions, by investing in monitoring (reducing uncertainty of emissions) or by (bilaterally) trading permits. We derive the optimality conditions and carry out various numerical simulations. Our applications suggest that including uncertainty could increase compliance costs for the USA, Japan and the European Union. Central Europe and the Former Soviet Union might be able to gain from trading due to higher permit prices. Emissions trading could also lower aggregate uncertainty on emissions.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

When analyzing the loss-of-coolant accidents at VVER reactor NPP the problem of the effect of noncondensable gases on heat transfer in a horizontal steam generator (HSG) is gaining in importance. Based on the RELAP5/MOD3.2 computer code one analyzed the experiments to condense steam-and-gas mixture in a HSG. The calculations are shown to predict satisfactorily duration of steam generator poisoning from noncondensable gas

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A brief overview is given of the geological characteristics of each region of the state as they relate to potential geothermal development. Those exploration methods which can lead to the siting of a deep exploration well are described. Requirements and techniques needed for drilling deeper higher temperature exploration and production wells are presented. Electrical generation, direct utilization, and indirect utilization are reviewed. Economic factors of direct use projects are presented. A general guide to the regulatory framework affecting geothermal energy development is provided. The general steps necessary to gain access to explore, develop, distribute, and use geothermal resources are outlined. (MHR)