gag antigen due: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

Involvement of the Matrix and Nucleocapsid Domains of the Bovine Leukemia Virus Gag Polyprotein Precursor in Viral RNA Packaging

PurposePrevious studies suggest that some common medications alter prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. It remains unclear whether these reported medication effects are due to...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

5

Antigenic heterogeneity of the non-serogroup antigen structure of Neisseria gonorrhoeae lipopolysaccharides.

The RNA packaging process for retroviruses involves a recognition event of the genome-length viral RNA by the viral Gag polyprotein precursor (PrGag), an important step in particle morphogenesis. The...Full Text Available

2003-09-01

6

Tumour suppressor ING1b maintains genomic stability upon replication stress

Studies of the antigenic structure of the polysaccharide component of gonococcal lipopolysaccaride (LPS) indicated that the non-serogroup antigen structure is antigenically heterogeneous. Immunodiffusion...Full Text Available

1979-12-01

7

Interplay of Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Therapy and Gag p6 Diversity in HIV Type 1 Subtype G and CRF02_AG

The lesion bypass pathway, which is regulated by monoubiquitination of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), is essential for resolving replication stalling due to DNA lesions. This process is...Full Text Available

2011-05-01

8

Experimental parameters differentially affect the humoral response of the cholera-toxin-based murine model of food allergy

AbstractThe gag p6 region of HIV-1 has various nonsubstitutionary mutations, including insertions, duplications, deletions, and premature stop codons. Studies have linked gag p6 mutations...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

9

Effect of transforming growth factor beta on synthesis of glycosaminoglycans by human lung fibroblasts

Background: Recent studies have developed a murine model of IgE-mediated food allergy based on oral coadministration of antigen and cholera toxin (CT) to establish a maximal response for studying immunopathogenic mechanisms and immunotherapeutic strategies. However, for studying subtle immunomodulating factors or factors effective during response initiation, this maximal response-based model is less suitable due to a lack of sensitivity. Therefore, in attempts to identify essential parameters to fine-tune the immune response towards a submaximal level, potentially more sensitive, we were interested in characterizing the individual effects of the parameters in the CT-based model: CT dose, antigen type and dose, and number of immunizations. Methods: BALB/c mice were orally sensitized weekly for 3 or 7 weeks with graded doses of CT and various food antigens (soy-trypsin inhibitor, ovalbumin or ovomucoid). ...

2003-01-01

10

Characterization of lymphocyte receptors for glycosaminoglycans.

The processes of lung growth, injury, and repair are characterized by alterations in fibroblast synthesis and interstitial distribution of extracellular matrix components. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), which is postulated to play a role in modulating lung repair, alters the distribution of several matrix components such as collagen and fibronectin. We studied the effect of TGF-beta on the synthesis and distribution of the various glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and whether these effects may explain its role in lung repair. Human diploid lung fibroblasts (IMR-90) were exposed to various concentrations of TGF-beta (0-5 nM) for variable periods of time (0-18 h). Newly synthesized GAGs were labeled with either (3H)glucosamine or (35S)sulfate. Individual GAGs were separated by size exclusion chromatography after serial enzymatic and chemical digestions and quantitated using scintillation counting. There was a ...

1990-09-01

11

Altered glycosaminoglycan metabolism in injured arterial wall

This paper describes attempts to isolate and characterize glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-binding molecules on the surface of lymphocytes and lymphoma cell lines and relate their expression to splenic and lymph...Full Text Available

1991-02-01

12

Accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in radiation-induced muscular fibrosis

Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are believed to be important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We have previously demonstrated that areas of injured aorta that have been re-endothelialized accumulate increased amounts of lipid and GAG when compared to areas remaining de-endothelialized. We have now examined the net incorporation of labeled precursors into the individual GAG present in both re-endothelialized and de-endothelialized areas of rabbit aorta. Aortic tissue was examined at 2-3 and 10-14 weeks after a denuding injury by incubating tissue minces with (/sup 3/H)glucosamine and sodium (/sup 35/S)sulfate for 24 hr. Following incubation, the aortic GAG were isolated and assayed for uronic acid concentration and radioactivity. Results indicate that the total GAG concentration was significantly greater in the re-endothelialized as compared to de-endothelialized areas. The ...

1985-06-01

13

The Functionally Conserved Nucleoporins Nup124p from Fission Yeast and the Human Nup153 Mediate Nuclear Import and Activity of the Tf1 Retrotransposon and HIV-1 VprV?

The content and biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were studied in pig thigh muscle after acute local {gamma}-irradiation. Seven months following irradiation, the muscular tissue next to the irradiation cone was replaced by severe mutilating fibrosis delimited by an intermediary perifibrotic zone. Results showed a parallel increase of collagen and GAG content in perifibrotic and fibrotic tissues. Sulphated GAGs, heparan sulphate and dermatan sulphate were preferentially accumulated in fibrotic tissue, while the hyaluronic acid content increased only slightly. Synthesis of sulphated GAGs was more elevated in fibrotic tissue than in perifibrotic zone as compared with normal muscle. Seven months after irradiation well-developed fibrotic tissue continued to synthesize and to accumulate extracellular matrix macromolecules. (Author).

1992-05-01

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Elimination of L-A double-stranded RNA virus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by expression of gag and gag-pol from an L-A cDNA clone.

We report that the fission yeast nucleoporin Nup124p is required for the nuclear import of both, retrotransposon Tf1-Gag as well as the retroviral HIV-1 Vpr. Failure to import Tf1-Gag into the nucleus...Full Text Available

2005-04-01

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Detection by /sup 125/I-cationized cytochrome c of proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans immobilized on unmodified and on positively charged nylon 66

We report that expression of a nearly full-length cDNA clone of the L-A double-stranded RNA virus causes virus loss in a wild-type strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that in this system exclusion...Full Text Available

1993-05-01

16

Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings of 20 autopsy cases with 2009 H1N1 virus infection.

We have examined the detection by a /sup 125/I-labeled basic protein, cationized cytochrome c, of selected proteoglycans (PGs) and standard preparations of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) immobilized on Nylon 66 and also on positively charged Nylon 66. Immobilization on Nylon 66 appears to allow a relative freedom of interaction between PGs or GAGs and /sup 125/I-cationized cytochrome c, but a more restricted reaction was observed when PGs and GAGs were immobilized to positively charged Nylon 66. On this support PGs with large numbers of GAG side chains reacted well with /sup 125/I-cationized cytochrome c, but GAGs were minimally reactive. By taking advantage of some of the properties of large-pore agarose-acrylamide gels, rapid partial characterization of some PGs can be accomplished in the 10-ng range, and therefore at a sensitivity equal to PGs with internal biosynthetic labels.

1987-09-01

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Use of the K88 antigen for in vivo bacterial competition with porcine strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.

Twenty autopsy cases with 2009 pandemic influenza A (2009 H1N1) virus infection, performed between August 2009 and February 2010, were histopathologically analyzed. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry for type A influenza nucleoprotein antigen, and real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay for viral RNA were performed on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens. In addition, the D222G amino acid substitution in influenza virus hemagglutinin, which binds to specific cell receptors, was analyzed in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded trachea and lung sections by direct sequencing of PCR-amplified products. There were several histopathological patterns in the lung according to the most remarkable findings in each case: acute diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) with a hyaline membrane (four cases), organized DAD (one case), acute massive intra-alveolar edema with variable degrees of hemorrhage (three cases), neutrophilic bronchopneumonia (five cases) and ...

2011-08-26

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Suppression of glycosaminoglycan synthesis by articular cartilage, but not of hyaluronic acid synthesis by synovium, after exposure to radiation

Infant mice were used to measure the amount of fluid accumulation (enterosorption) in the intestinal tract after oral inoculation of a porcine strain of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (K88-+, Ent-+). Significant reduction in the amount of fluid found in the intestinal tract was observed if the mice were first inoculated with a K88-possessing, non-enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli. The protection provided is thought to be due to specific competition for attachment sites on cells of the small intestine. PMID:1095492

1975-07-01

19

Mechanisms mediating the trophic effect of nerves during vertebrate limb regeneration

We recently found that injection of 2 mCi of yttrium 90 (90Y; approximately 23,000 rads) into normal canine knees stimulated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis by femoral condylar cartilage. The present investigation was conducted to determine whether radiation affects cartilage metabolism directly. Rates of GAG synthesis and degradation in normal canine articular cartilage were studied following irradiation. Cultured synovium from the same knees was treated similarly, to determine the effects of irradiation on hyaluronic acid synthesis. Twenty-four hours after exposure to 1,000 rads, 10,000 rads, or 50,000 rads, 35S-GAG synthesis by the cartilage was 93%, 69%, and 37%, respectively, of that in control, nonirradiated cartilage. The effect was not rapidly reversible: 120 hours after exposure to 50,000 rads, GAG synthesis remained at only 28% of the control level. Autoradiography showed marked suppression ...

1989-01-01

20

Some characteristics of a secreted chlamydial antigen recognized by IgG from C. trachomatis patient sera.

Salamanders regenerate their appendages after amputation and nerves are required for this process. Experiments were designed to test the idea that one way nerves could affect blastema cell proliferation is by influencing the metabolism of extracellular matrix (ECM) components and to identify neurotrophic factors which promote blastema cell mitosis. Temporal and spatial differences of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) synthesis is innervated and denervated limbs were examined. Hyaluronic acid (HA) was found to be the major GAG produced during the proliferative period and chondroitin sulfate during differentiation. Denervation reduced synthesis of both these components by half. Dorsal root ganglia and fibroblast growth factor (FGF), a brain-derived mitogen, similarly doubled GAG synthesis in cultured blastemas, the FGF-effect being primarily on HA production. Histochemical and autoradiographical results confirmed the biochemical ...

1986-01-01

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Processing and microfiltration of mosquitoes for malaria antigen detection in a rapid dot immunobinding assay.

Chlamydia trachomatis serovars release a glycolipid antigen (GLXA) into the culture supernatant during the infective cycle. This antigen is recognized by IgG isolated from humans with a natural chlamydial...Full Text Available

1989-12-01

22

Ia-antigen-T-cell interactions for a thymus-independent antigen composed of D amino acids.

Data on a technique for the detection of antigen from arthropod vectors in a dot immunobinding assay are presented. In this system, antigen present in the vector was first solubilized in sodium dodecyl...Full Text Available

1990-08-01

23

Expression of SV40 virus large T antigen by recombinant adenoviruses activates proliferation of corneal endothelium in vitro.

Synthetic polypeptide antigens of L amino acids, although bearing repeating sequences, are thymus-dependent (L-TD), whereas the same polymers composed of D amino acids are thymus-independent (D-TI),...Full Text Available

1993-02-01

24

Changes in the extracellular matrix and glycosaminoglycan synthesis during the initiation of regeneration in adult newt forelimbs

Infection with the Ad5-SVR4 virus was used to introduce the large T antigen encoding region of the SV40 virus into bovine and human corneal endothelial cells. Expression of large T antigen occurred...Full Text Available

1993-04-01

25

The bovine immune response to Brucella abortus I. A water soluble antigen precipitated by sera of some naturally infected cattle.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the distal tissues in a newt limb stump is completely reorganized in the 2-3-week period following amputation. In view of numerous in vitro studies showing that extracellular material influences cellular migration and proliferation, it is likely that the changes in the limb's ECM are important activities in the process leading to regeneration of such limbs. Using biochemical, autoradiographic, and histochemical techniques we studied temporal and spatial differences in the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) during the early, nerve-dependent phase of limb regeneration. Hyaluronic acid synthesis began with the onset of tissue dedifferentiation, became maximal within 1 weeks, and continued throughout the period of active cell proliferation. Chondroitin sulfate synthesis began somewhat later, increased steadily, and reached very high levels during chondrogenesis. During the first 10 days after amputation, distributions of sulfated ...

1986-01-01

26

Isolation and Identification of Mycoplasmas

Selected sera from cattle naturally infected with Brucella abortus precipitate water soluble antigens extracted by sonication from B. abortus. One of these antigens resembles antigen E (Baughn and Freeman)...Full Text Available

1977-04-01

27

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Isolation and Identification of Mycoplasmas, Development of Reliable Antigen for Mycoplasmas Detection and Oil-Based Vaccines

28

Sertoli cells in culture secrete paracrine factor(s) that inhibit peritubular myoid cell proliferation: identification of heparinoids as likely candidates

Tissue distribution of brain-thymus shared antigens recognized by anti-brain xenosera in the rat, dog and man.

Conditioned medium from Sertoli cells, prepared from testes of 20-day-old rats, contains component(s) that inhibit the incorporation of (3H)-thymidine into DNA of peritubular myoid cells (PMC) and inhibit the proliferation of PMC. These components are trypsin-resistant, heat-stable compounds having a molecular weight less than 30,000. The active inhibitory components in Sertoli cell conditioned medium are inactivated by treatment with heparinase, but not by treatment with hyaluronidase or chondroitin sulfate lyases. Addition of heparin or heparan sulfate results in inhibition of DNA synthesis by PMC in a dose-dependent manner, whereas other glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) examined (hyaluronic acid, keratan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate) have no detectable effects. Heparin and heparan sulfate are unique among GAGs tested in inhibiting the characteristic multilayer growth pattern of PMC following the attainment of confluence in serum-rich medium. On ...

1991-06-01

29

The Dynamics of Naturally Acquired Immune Responses to Plasmodium falciparum Sexual Stage Antigens Pfs230 & Pfs48/45 in a Low Endemic Area in Tanzania

A comparative and quantitative study of the tissue distribution of brain-thymus shared antigens was carried out using rabbit antisera to rat, dog and human brain homogenates, assayed on rat, dog and...Full Text Available

1979-03-01

30

Solid-Phase Radioimmunoassay of Total and Influenza-Specific Immunoglobulin G

BackgroundNaturally acquired immune responses against sexual stages of P. falciparum can reduce the transmission of malaria from humans to mosquitoes. These antigens...Full Text Available

31

Pathway to Licensure for Protective Antigen-based Anthrax Vaccines ...

An antigen-antibody system of polystyrene tubes coated with immunoglobulin antibody was used for quantitating immunoglobulins. A similar radioimmunoassay method was adapted for a viral antigen-antibody...Full Text Available

1972-02-01

32

Modulation of Aire regulates the expression of tissue-restricted antigens

... Weiss, S., D. Kobiler, H. Levy, H. Marcus, A. Pass, N. Rothschild, and Z ... of Bacillus anthracis spores conferred by a protective antigen-based vaccine in rabbits ...

33

M protein (M1) of influenza virus: antigenic analysis and intracellular localization with monoclonal antibodies.

AbstractIntrathymic expression of tissue-restricted antigens (TRAs) has been viewed as the key element in the induction of central tolerance and recently, a central role for the autoimmune...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

34

Interaction between various polymerized human albumins and hepatitis B surface antigen.

A panel of 16 monoclonal antibodies recognizing M protein (M1) of influenza virus was generated. Competition analyses resulted in localization of 14 monoclonal antibodies to three antigenic sites. Three...Full Text Available

1989-09-01

35

In vitro antigen-induced antibody responses to hepatitis B surface antigen in man. Kinetic and cellular requirements.

A variety of albumin polymers were prepared and tested for binding with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg): synthetic polymers cross-linked by either glutaraldehyde or carbodiimide; heat-aggregated...Full Text Available

1985-09-01

36

Immunoradiometric measurement of the factor VIII procoagulant antigen.

In this report we define the parameters of the human immune response after immunization with hepatitis B vaccine. 2 wk after booster immunization, there is significant spontaneous secretion of antibody...Full Text Available

1984-10-01

37

Hepatitis B antigen and antibody in the blood of prostitutes visiting an outpatient venereology department in Rotterdam.

A fluid-phase immunoradiometric assay has been developed which identifies an antigen on the Factor VIII (antihemophilic factor) procoagulant protein. This sensitive and quantitative assay is not influenced...Full Text Available

1978-11-01

38

Evaluation of Multiplexed Fluorescent Microsphere Immunoassay for Detection of Autoantibodies to Nuclear Antigens

We took blood samples from 128 prostitutes visiting the outpatient venereology department of the University Hospital, Rotterdam-Dijkzigt to test for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)...Full Text Available

1984-10-01

39

Editing Antigen Presentation: Antigen Transfer between Human B Lymphocytes and Macrophages Mediated by Class A Scavenger Receptors1

Antibodies to extractable nuclear antigens (ENA) are found in a variety of collagen vascular diseases. Determining the individual specificities of these antibodies is extremely useful in establishing...Full Text Available

2004-11-01

40

Diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for the detection of malaria antigens

B lymphocytes can function independently as efficient APCs. However, our previous studies demonstrate that both dendritic cells and macrophages are necessary to propagate immune responses initiated...Full Text Available

2008-09-15

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Contrasting Population Structures of the Genes Encoding Ten Leading Vaccine-Candidate Antigens of the Human Malaria Parasite, Plasmodium falciparum

A serodiagnostic test has been developed for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum in infected blood. Using parasite antigens and infected red blood cells from in vitro...Full Text Available

1980-01-01

42

Complexes of hepatitis B surface antigen and immunoglobulin M in the sera of patients with hepatitis B virus infection.

The extensive diversity of Plasmodium falciparum antigens is a major obstacle to a broadly effective malaria vaccine but population genetics has rarely been used to guide vaccine design....Full Text Available

43

Coevolution of activating and inhibitory receptors within mammalian carcinoembryonic antigen families

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) bound to immunoglobulin M (IgM) was detected in sera of HBsAg carriers by a radioimmunoassay based on selective absorption of the immunoglobulin on a solid phase...Full Text Available

1983-09-01

44

Cloning and expression of the gene for the Avi-3 antigen of Mycobacterium avium and mapping of its epitopes.

BackgroundMost rapidly evolving gene families are involved in immune responses and reproduction, two biological functions which have been assigned to the carcinoembryonic antigen...Full Text Available

45

Blood Group A Antigen Is a Coreceptor in Plasmodium falciparum Rosetting

The Avi-3 antigen, which is found only in Mycobacterium avium culture sonic extracts, is species specific and results in strong skin test activity in guinea pigs sensitized with heat-killed M. avium....Full Text Available

1992-03-01

46

Antibody avidity in swine lymphocyte antigen-defined miniature pigs.

The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum utilizes molecules present on the surface of uninfected red blood cells (RBC) for rosette formation, and a dependency on ABO antigens has...Full Text Available

2000-05-01

47

Active release of human platelet factor VIII-related antigen by adenosine diphosphate, collagen, and thrombin.

Antibody avidity to hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) was measured by thiocyanate ion elution enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in swine lymphocyte antigen (SLA) defined miniature pigs. Serum antibody...Full Text Available

1992-10-01

48

?? T cells and Th17 cytokines in Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Lung Fibrosis

Platelet Factor VIII-related antigen (VIIIR:Ag) represents a significant proportion of the total circulating VIIIR:Ag pool. However, its participation in the events of primary hemostasis has not been...Full Text Available

1978-12-01

49

STUDY OF BRUCELLA POLYSACCHARID ANTIGENES. II. ...

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory lung disease caused by repeated inhalation of aerosolized antigens. With chronic exposure to an inhaled antigen, patients are at risk of...Full Text Available

2009-11-01

50

Identification of Protective Brucella Antigens and their ...

... 1959). It was not possible for us, however, to detect any reaction of this type in the annials immunized with brucela. Considering ...

1965-04-26

51

Reduced "9"9"mTc labelled NCA-95/CEA-antibody uptake in liver due to gentle antibody reconstitution

... Considering these observations, it is most likely that Brucela proteins involved in protective immunity will preferentially stimulate INF-g producing T ...

1996-05-01

52

Possible genetic defects in regulation of glycosaminoglycans in patients with diabetic nephropathy

The influence of reconstituting a murine monoclonal IgG_1 antibody kit with pertechnetate Tc99m on antibody distribution in the liver, spleen and sternal bone marrow of patients was examined. The "9"9"mTc-labelled antibody used is directed against non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA-95) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and has been successfully applied for imaging tissue inflammation and bone marrow scanning. Radioactivity uptake was determined in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and a precordial background region in a consecutive series of 25 patients, examined with an antibody preparation, routinely radiolabelled according to the manufacturer's recommendations and in 14 patients, in whom the antibody was reconstituted with special care, avoiding bubble formation and dropping of buffer into the antibody-containing vial. Gentle compared with routine antibody reconstitution caused a highly significant reduction of the antibody uptake in the ...

53

Preparation and Properties of Antibodies against Indoleacetic Acid (IAA)-C5-BSA, a Novel Ring-Coupled IAA Antigen, as Compared to Two Other Types of IAA-Specific Antibodies ¹

The hypothesis of genetic defects in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) regulation among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nephropathy was assessed by studies in tissue cultures of fibroblasts obtained from 7 patients with normal urinary albumin excretion, 11 patients with diabetic nephropathy, and 6 nondiabetic control subjects. The incorporation of (2H) glucosamine and (35S) sulfate into hyaluronic acid (HA), chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate (CS + DS), and heparan sulfate (HS) was measured in cells, matrix, and medium and related to micrograms of tissue protein. Large interindividual variations were seen in all three groups, and the incorporation of (3H) glucosamine into HA, CS + DS, and HS and (35S) sulfate into CS + DS and HS were not significantly different between the three groups. However, the fractional incorporation of (3H)glucosamine into HS was significantly reduced in diabetic patients with nephropathy compared with control ...

1991-06-01

54

Indirect hemagglutination employing enterobacterial common antigen and Yersinia somatic antigen: a technique to differentiate brucellosis from infections involving cross-reacting Yersinia enterocolitica.

Two types of indoleacetic acid (IAA) antigens have been described in the literature which show marked differences with respect to antibody specificity. In this communication an alternative antigen design...Full Text Available

1989-04-01

55

Antigenic drift in influenza virus H3 hemagglutinin from 1968 to 1980: multiple evolutionary pathways and sequential amino acid changes at key antigenic sites.

The existence of enterobacterial common antigen in Yersinia enterocolitica and its absence in Brucella abortus were utilized in an attempt to provide a method to distinguish Brucella infections from...Full Text Available

1980-02-01

56

Development of radioimmunometric assays and kits for non-clinical applications. Proceedings of a final research coordination meeting

Surveys of the antigenic properties of a wide range of variants of the H3N2 (Hong Kong) influenza virus subtype have revealed complex patterns of variants cocirculating during each of the main epidemic...Full Text Available

1983-10-01

57

High genetic diversity of HIV-1 was found in men who have sex with men in Shijiazhuang, China

Immunoassays are versatile analytical techniques that had a leading role in various clinical applications, during the last four decades. The studies carried out by Rosalyn Yalow, Solomon Berson and Roger Ekins in the 1960s gave a breakthrough in the development of this novel analytical method. Sensitivity up to femtomolar concentrations, high specificity and universal application to different classes of molecular species made immunoassay a very useful tool in analytical investigation. The expertise acquired by immunochemists in producing antibodies against any antigen and the ability of radiochemists in labeling the antigens with "1"2"5I without affecting the active site are the two main factors responsible for the above development. There are concerns about the safety and health of humans due to the high-level contamination of environment by pesticides, industrial compounds and metals, anabolic steroids in milk and meat ...

2004-12-06

58

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Men who have sex with men (MSM) have become one of the populations with severely HIV prevalence in China. However, very few genetic studies have been done on HIV-1 spreading in this population. In this study, the genetic characterization of HIV-1 strains prevalent in the MSM in Shijiazhuang, China, was analyzed basing on the HIV-1 full-length gag, pol, and partial env gene. 21 drug-naive HIV-1 sero-positive patients were enrolled into the study. Full length gag, pol, partial env genes and some near full length genomes were amplified with nest RT-PCR followed by sequencing. Multiple subtypes, including CRF01_AE (52.9%), subtype B (35.3%) and CRF07_BC (11.8%), were found in the population. Phylogenetic analysis showed close relationship between our strains with those from Beijing MSM but not...

2011-01-01

59

Nonphotochemical Hole-Burning Imaging Studies of in vitro Carcinoma and Normal Cells Utilizing a Mitochondrial Specific Dye

Nonphotochemical Hole-Burning Imaging Studies of In Vitro Carcinoma and Normal Cells Utilizing a Mitochondrial Specific Dye

Low temperature Nonphotochemical Hole Burning (NPHB) Spectroscopy of the dye rhodamine 800 (MF680) was applied for the purpose of discerning differences between cultured normal and carcinoma ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells. Both the cell lines were developed and characterized at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN), with the normal cell line having been transfected with a strain of temperature sensitive Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen (SV40) for the purpose of extending the life of the cell culture without inducing permanent changes in the characteristics of the cell line. The cationic lipophilic fluorophore rhodamine 800 preferentially locates in in situ mitochondria due to the high lipid composition of mitochondria and the generation of a large negative membrane potential (relative to the cellular cytoplasm) for oxidative phosphorylation. Results presented for NPHB of MF680 located in the cells show significant differences between the two ...

2002-06-27

60

Monoclonal antibodies to antigens on human neutrophils, activated T lymphocytes, and acute leukemia blast cells

Low temperature Nonphotochemical Hole Burning (NPHB) Spectroscopy of the dye rhodamine 800 (MF680) was applied for the purpose of discerning differences between cultured normal and carcinoma ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells. Both the cell lines were developed and characterized at the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN), with the normal cell line having been transfected with a strain of temperature sensitive Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen (SV40) for the purpose of extending the life of the cell culture without inducing permanent changes in the characteristics of the cell line. The cationic lipophilic fluorophore rhodamine 800 preferentially locates in in situ mitochondria due to the high lipid composition of mitochondria and the generation of a large negative membrane potential (relative to the cellular cytoplasm) for oxidative phosphorylation. Results presented for NPHB of MF680 located in the cells show significant differences between the two ...

2002-08-01

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61

The inhibition of the primary interaction between "1"2"5I-labeled human hemoglobin and rabbit anti-human hemoglobin sera: a sensitive radioimmunoassay technique

The authors describe the production of two mouse hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies to antigenic determinants of the surface membranes of human neutrophils, activated T lymphocytes, and acute leukemic blast cells. The degree of lymphocyte stimulation was estimated from incorporation of /sup 3/H-thymidine with parallel microculture. Monoclonal antibodies of supernatants of hybridoma cultures shown here reacted in both immunofluorescence test and cytotoxicity test with surface membrane antigens on the majority of neutrophils and PHA-activated peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy subjects, but did not give positive reactions with unactivated lymphocytes, adherent monocytes, erythrocytes, and alloantigen-stimulated lymphocytes.

1987-11-01

62

T-bet controls severity of hypersensitivity pneumonitis

... ammonium compounds antigen-antibody reactions hemoglobin inhibition

63

Identification of prostate cancer antigens by automated high-throughput filter immunoscreening

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) is an interstitial lung disease that develops following repeated exposure to inhaled environmental antigens. The disease is characterized by alveolitis, granuloma formation...Full Text Available

64

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

There is a need for earlier and more accurate cancer diagnostics as well as new targets for cancer immunotherapy. To this end, it is important to identify sets of tumour antigens specific for different cancer forms. Several methods that identify potential tumour antigens in an arrayed and high-throughput format have been developed during the last years of SEREX (serological identification of antigens by recombinant expression cloning) related research. Such techniques may hold the potential to describe the complete immunogenic part of the cancer proteome, also called the cancer immunoproteome.We have developed a powerful platform for automated serological high-throughput filter screening of tumour cDNA libraries. The screening format of this method is 18,000 single cDNAs clones, which is s...

2008-01-01

65

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

A Novel Multi-Antigen Virally Vectored Vaccine against Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis

Although the cause and development of most inflammatory and fibrotic interstitial lung diseases are unknown, both the antigenic stimuli and the immunopathogenic mechanisms that produce the syndrome...Full Text Available

1993-11-01

66

A High Throughput Combinatorial Library Technique for Identifying Formalin-Sensitive Epitopes

BackgroundMycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis causes systemic infection and chronic intestinal inflammation in many species including...Full Text Available

67

Translation products of pre-S(1), pre-S(2) regions and the S gene of hepatitis B virus: susceptibility of their antigenic activities to treatment with heat, urea formalin or pepsin

We present a technique for identifying the amino acids responsible for a loss of immunoreactivity in response to treating an antigen with a chemical modifier. This is of particular interest...Full Text Available

2006-12-20

68

The Putative Natural Killer Decoy Early Gene m04 (gp34) of Murine Cytomegalovirus Encodes an Antigenic Peptide Recognized by Protective Antiviral CD8 T Cells

Hepatitis B subviral particles, purified from plasma of asymptomatic carriers seropositive for hepatitis B e antigen, were treated with various conditions reported for the processing of vaccines. Thereafter,...Full Text Available

1986-12-01

69

Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Expressing a Chromosomally Integrated Copy of the Bacillus anthracis Protective Antigen Gene Protects Mice against an Anthrax Spore Challenge

Several early genes of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) encode proteins that mediate immune evasion by interference with the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) pathway of antigen presentation...Full Text Available

2000-02-01

70

SIV antigen immunization induces transient antigen-specific T cell responses and selectively activates viral replication in draining lymph nodes in retroviral suppressed rhesus macaques

Protective immunity against infection with Bacillus anthracis is almost entirely based on a response to the protective antigen (PA), the binding moiety for the two other toxin components....Full Text Available

2003-07-01

71

Mapping of TH1 helper T-cell epitopes on major secreted mycobacterial antigen 85A in mice infected with live Mycobacterium bovis BCG.

BackgroundHIV infection causes a qualitative and quantitative loss of CD4⁺T cell immunity. The institution of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) restores CD4⁺T...Full Text Available

72

Determination by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgA to Brucella melitensis major outer membrane proteins and whole-cell heat-killed antigens in sera of patients with brucellosis.

TH1 cytokine secretion was examined in response to synthetic peptides of the 85A component of the major secreted, fibronectin-binding antigen 85 complex from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in seven different...Full Text Available

1994-02-01

73

Designation of 15 serovars of Haemophilus parasuis on the basis of immunodiffusion using heat-stable antigen extracts.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to compare Brucella melitensis major outer membrane proteins (MOMP) and whole-cell heat-killed antigens (HK) in measuring antibrucella immunoglobulin G...Full Text Available

1989-08-01

74

Analysis of the transcript encoding the latent Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen I: a potentially polycistronic message generated by long-range splicing of several exons.

Previous independent investigations of the serotyping of Haemophilus parasuis strains have led to the designation of serovars A to D, 1 to 7, Jena 6 to Jena 12, and ND1 to ND5. Heat-stable antigen preparations...Full Text Available

1992-04-01

75

A Randomized Trial Assessing the Safety and Immunogenicity of AS01 and AS02 Adjuvanted RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Candidates in Children in Gabon

The Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen (EBNA I) present in latently infected cells is encoded in a 2-kilobase exon contained in the BamHI K viral genomic fragment. This exon is, however, found within...Full Text Available

1985-12-01

76

cDNA sequence analysis of a 29-kDa cysteine-rich surface antigen of pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica

BackgroundThe malaria vaccine candidate antigen RTS,S includes parts of the pre-erythrocytic stage circumsporozoite protein fused to the Hepatitis B surface antigen. Two Adjuvant...Full Text Available

77

cDNA sequence analysis of a 29-kDa cysteine-rich surface antigen of pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica

A {lambda}gt11 cDNA library was constructed from poly(U)-Spharose-selected Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite RNA in order to clone and identify surface antigens. The library was screened with rabbit polyclonal anti-E. histolytica serum. A 700-base-pair cDNA insert was isolated and the nucleotide sequence was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA revealed a cysteine-rich protein. DNA hybridizations showed that the gene was specific to E. histolytica since the cDNA probe reacted with DNA from four axenic strains of E. histolytica but did not react with DNA from Entamoeba invadens, Acanthamoeba castellanii, or Trichomonas vaginalis. The insert was subcloned into the expression vector pGEX-1 and the protein was expressed as a fusion with the C terminus of glutathione S-transferase. Purified fusion protein was used to generate 22 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and a mouse polyclonal antiserum specific for the E. histolytica portion of the fusion protein. ...

1990-08-01

78

Transformation and radiosensitivity of human diploid skin fibroblasts transfected with activated RAS oncogene and SV40 T-antigen

A #lambda#gt11 cDNA library was constructed from poly(U)-Spharose-selected Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite RNA in order to clone and identify surface antigens. The library was screened with rabbit polyclonal anti-E. histolytica serum. A 700-base-pair cDNA insert was isolated and the nucleotide sequence was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA revealed a cysteine-rich protein. DNA hybridizations showed that the gene was specific to E. histolytica since the cDNA probe reacted with DNA from four axenic strains of E. histolytica but did not react with DNA from Entamoeba invadens, Acanthamoeba castellanii, or Trichomonas vaginalis. The insert was subcloned into the expression vector pGEX-1 and the protein was expressed as a fusion with the C terminus of glutathione S-transferase. Purified fusion protein was used to generate 22 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and a mouse polyclonal antiserum specific for the E. histolytica portion of the fusion protein. ...

79

Tissue Localization of Australia Antigen Immune Complexes in Acute and Chronic Hepatitis and Liver Cirrhosis

Three normal human diploid cell strains were transfected with an activated Ha-ras oncogene (EJ ras) or SV40 T-antigen. Multiple clones were examined for morphological alterations, growth requirements, ability to grow under anchorage independent conditions, immortality and tumorigenicity in nude mice. Clones expressing SV40 T-antigen alone or in combination with ras protein p21 were significantly radioresistant as compared with their parent cells or clones transfected with the neo gene only. This radioresistant phenotype persisted in post-crisis, immortalized cell lines. These data suggest that expression of the SV40 T-antigen but not activated Ha-ras plays an important role in the radiosensitivity of human diploid cells. The radioresistant phenotype in SV40 T transfected cells was not related to the enhanced level of genetic instability seen in pre-crisis and newly immortalized cells, nor to the process of immortalization ...

1992-08-01

80

The protective antigens of equine herpesvirus type 1.

In a significant percentage of examined cases of fulminant hepatitis, subacute hepatitis, chronic aggressive hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and chronic persistent hepatitis, Australia (hepatitis-associated)...Full Text Available

1972-07-01

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81

The influence of MHC polymorphism on the selection of T-cell determinants of FMDV in cattle.

Equine herpesvirus type 1 was cultivated in swine testis cell cultures and partially purified by differential centrifugation and centrifugation in a linear sucrose density gradient. The viral envelope...Full Text Available

1978-04-01

82

The LW blood group glycoprotein is homologous to intercellular adhesion molecules.

There is a quest for the development of a new generation of vaccines consisting of well-defined subunit antigens. For a number of practical reasons it is attractive to develop vaccines on the basis...Full Text Available

1995-01-01

83

The Induction of APC with a Distinct Tolerogenic Phenotype via Contact-Dependent STAT3 Activation

The LW blood group antigens reside on a 42-kDa erythrocyte membrane glycoprotein that was purified by immunoaffinity and partially sequenced. From this information, a specific PCR-amplified DNA fragment...Full Text Available

1994-06-07

84

The Effect of 5?-Reductase Inhibition With Dutasteride and Finasteride on Bone Mineral Density, Serum Lipoproteins, Hemoglobin, Prostate Specific Antigen and Sexual Function in Healthy Young Men

BackgroundActivation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) within antigen presenting cells (APCs) is linked to abnormal APCs differentiation and function....Full Text Available

85

Tat-Neutralizing Antibodies in Vaccinated Macaques

PurposeDutasteride and finasteride are 5α-reductase inhibitors that dramatically decrease serum levels of dihydrotestosterone. Because androgens...Full Text Available

2008-06-01

86

Synovial cells are potent antigen-presenting cells for superantigen, staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB).

The human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein is essential for virus replication and is a candidate vaccine antigen. Macaques immunized with Tat or chemically modified Tat toxoid having the same clade...Full Text Available

2003-03-01

87

Shiga Toxin Subtypes Display Dramatic Differences in Potency ?

There is ample evidence suggesting that superantigens may act as a triggering factor in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated whether superantigen could activate T cells in...Full Text Available

1995-03-01

88

Receptor Binding Sites and Antigenic Epitopes on the Fiber Knob of Human Adenovirus Serotype 3

Purified Shiga toxin (Stx) alone is capable of producing systemic complications, including hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), in animal models of disease. Stx includes two major antigenic forms (Stx1...Full Text Available

2011-03-01

89

Purification of functional baculovirus particles from silkworm larval hemolymph and their use as nanoparticles for the detection of human prorenin receptor (PRR) binding

The adenovirus fiber knob causes the first step in the interaction of adenovirus with cell membrane receptors. To obtain information on the receptor binding site(s), the interaction of labeled cell...Full Text Available

1998-11-01

90

Population genetic analysis of large sequence polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum blood-stage antigens

BackgroundBaculovirus, which has a width of 40 nm and a length of 250-300 nm, can display functional peptides, receptors and antigens on its surface by their fusion with a baculovirus...Full Text Available

91

Passive immunity to feline leukemia: evaluation of immunity from dams naturally infected and experimentally vaccinated.

Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of human malaria, invades host erythrocytes using several proteins on the surface of the invasive merozoite, which have been proposed...Full Text Available

2010-03-01

92

Naturally occurring double-stranded RNA and immune responses. III. Immunogenicity and antigenicity in animals.

Antibodies against feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and the feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen (FOCMA) were transferred from pregnant cats to their suckling kittens. All of these kittens...Full Text Available

1977-04-01

93

MultiRTA: A simple yet reliable method for predicting peptide binding affinities for multiple class II MHC allotypes

Naturally occurring, double-stranded RNA (ds-RNA)) was immunogenic when injected into mice, rats, guinea-pigs, rabbits, dogs and baboons. The response to native material administered intravenously (i.v.)...Full Text Available

1975-12-01

94

Macrophage Antigen Complex-1 Mediates Reactive Microgliosis and Progressive Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in the MPTP Model of Parkinson's Disease1

BackgroundThe binding of peptide fragments of antigens to class II MHC is a crucial step in initiating a helper T cell immune response. The identification of such peptide epitopes...Full Text Available

95

Lessons in Signaling and Tumorigenesis from Polyomavirus Middle T Antigen

Neuronal death is known to trigger reactive microgliosis. However, little is known regarding the manner by which microglia are activated by injured neurons and how microgliosis participates...Full Text Available

2008-11-15

96

Introduction of the CIITA gene into tumor cells produces exosomes with enhanced anti-tumor effects

Summary: The small DNA tumor viruses have provided a very long-lived source of insights into many aspects of the life cycle of eukaryotic cells. In recent years, the emphasis has been on cancer-related...Full Text Available

2009-09-01

97

Impact of genetic changes to the CRPV genome and their application to the study of pathogenesis in vivo

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles secreted from various types of cells. Tumor-derived exosomes contain MHC class I molecules and tumor-specific antigens, receiving attention as a potential cancer...Full Text Available

2011-05-31

98

Immunoreactive properties of anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies isolated by affinity chromatography from human thyroiditis serum.

The cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV)/rabbit model has been used to study oncogenicity and immunogenicity of different antigens from the papillomavirus genome and has therefore served...Full Text Available

2007-02-20

99

Immunization of foxes by the intestinal route using an inactivated rabies vaccine.

A Sepharose-coupled 19S human thyroglobulin has been used as an immunoadsorbent to isolate anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies and to evaluate the antigen-antibody interactions. With the system proposed...Full Text Available

1978-02-01

100

Identification of Brucella Melitensis Antigens by T ...

Approximately 30% of foxes given two doses of an inactivated rabies antigen delivered directly into the intestinal tract developed an immune response as measured by rabies serum neutralizing antibodies....Full Text Available

1989-01-01

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101

Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling Dan modulates antigen-directed immune response in adjuvant-induced inflammation

Page 1. Page 2. Page 3. Page 4. Page 5. Page 6. Page 7. Page 8. Page 9. Page 10. Page 11. Page 12. Page 13. Page 14. Page 15. Page 16. Page ...

1996-07-01

102

Hepatocyte entry leads to degradation of autoreactive CD8 T cells

Ethnopharmacological relevanceHLXL is a traditional Chinese medicine that has long been used in folk medicine for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases....Full Text Available

2009-05-04

103

Genomic Expression Libraries for the Identification of Cross-Reactive Orthopoxvirus Antigens

Although most self-reactive T cells are eliminated in the thymus, mechanisms to inactivate or control T cells specific for extrathymic antigens are required and exist in the periphery. By investigating...Full Text Available

2011-10-04

104

Expression of CD1d in human scalp skin and hair follicles: hair cycle related alterations

Increasing numbers of human cowpox virus infections that are being observed and that particularly affect young non-vaccinated persons have renewed interest in this zoonotic disease. Usually causing...Full Text Available

105

Evidence of synthesis by Lumbricus terrestris of specific substances in response to an immunization with a synthetic hapten.

Background: CD1d belongs to a family of antigen presenting molecules that are structurally and distantly related to the classic major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I)...Full Text Available

2005-12-01

106

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Recombinant K39 Antigen in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis

Lumbricus terrestris (Annelid, Oligocheta) is capable of cellular- and humoral-specific reactions against natural antigens. Is this earthworm able to elaborate a response of antibody type against a...Full Text Available

1985-12-01

107

Emulsified Nanoparticles Containing Inactivated Influenza Virus and CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Critically Influences the Host Immune Responses in Mice

The recombinant product (rK39) of the 39-amino-acid repeats encoded by a kinesin-like protein-encoding gene of Leishmania chagasi was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay...Full Text Available

2001-11-01

108

Effect of gamma-rays on spirochaetes of the species Borrelia anserina, Sakharoff, 1891. Part 2. Changes in the antigenic structure

BackgroundAntigen sparing and cross-protective immunity are regarded as crucial in pandemic influenza vaccine development. Both targets can be achieved by adjuvantation strategy...Full Text Available

109

Differential effects of the mottled yellow and pseudoagouti phenotypes on immunocompetence in Avy/a mice.

Bulgarian ... Orig. Title Vliyanie na gama-lychite vyrkhu spirokheti ot vida Borrelia anserina, Sakharoff, 1891. Chast 2. Promeni v antigenniya stroezh.

110

Development and Application of Pathovar-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies That Recognize the Lipopolysaccharide O Antigen and the Type IV Fimbriae of Xanthomonas hyacinthi

Whereas genetic factors are known to influence both susceptibility to carcinogens and the capacity to respond to specific antigenic stimuli, little is known regarding the influence of phenotype per...Full Text Available

1984-04-01

111

Defective major histocompatibility complex class I expression on lymphoid cells in autoimmunity.

The objective of this study was to develop a specific immunological diagnostic assay for yellow disease in hyacinths, using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). Mice were immunized with a crude cell wall preparation...Full Text Available

1999-09-01

112

Cryptosporidium parvum (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) oocyst and sporozoite antigens recognized by bovine colostral antibodies.

Lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a chronic autoimmune disease, have recently been shown to have decreased surface expression of MHC class I antigens. Since...Full Text Available

1993-05-01

113

Corticosteroid can alter antigen expression on alveolar macrophages.

Colostral whey from seven hyperimmunized and two control cows (hyperimmune bovine colostrum) was examined by Western immunoblotting for the presence of antibody against oocysts and sporozoites of Cryptosporidium...Full Text Available

1990-09-01

114

Comparative Inhibitory Effects of Antigen and Antibody in the Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Solid-Phase Radioimmunoassay System

Normal healthy volunteers underwent broncho-alveolar lavage and the cells obtained were cultured for 24 h and 48 h, either alone or in the presence of the corticosteroid, Budesonide. Cell differentials...Full Text Available

1991-09-01

115

Cloning of the mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) receptor: expression in human and hamster cell lines confers susceptibility to MHV.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay employing ¹²⁵I-labeled enterotoxins and polystyrene tubes coated with specific antibody has been developed for assaying the relative concentrations of antibodies...Full Text Available

1975-06-01

116

Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy for B-cell Malignancies

The cellular receptor for murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV)-A59 is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family of glycoproteins in the immunoglobulin superfamily. We isolated...Full Text Available

1991-12-01

117

Characterization of group A streptococcal T-12 protein purified by ion-exchange column chromatography.

We presented data showing that the CART-19 cells expressing the 4-1BB signaling domain can have unprecedented and massive in-vivo expansion, traffic to tumor sites, persist long term in vivo, and induce...Full Text Available

118

Cerebellar cell surface antigens of mouse brain.

The aim of the present study was to describe the physicochemical characteristics of streptococcal T antigen. T protein isolated from Streptococcus pyogenes type 12 (R53/1077, Colindale) and purified...Full Text Available

1978-09-01

119

Bacterial glycolipids and analogs as antigens for CD1d-restricted NKT cells

Reaggregated cells from 6- to 8-day-old mouse cerebella have been used to raise antibodies in rabbits. The interaction of these antibodies with cerebellar cell surface components was assessed by cytotoxicity...Full Text Available

1975-10-01

120

Associations between dairy production indices and lipoarabinomannan enzyme-immunoassay results for paratuberculosis.

The CD1 family of proteins binds self and foreign glycolipids for presentation to CD1-restricted T cells. To identify previously uncharacterized active CD1 ligands, especially those of microbial origin,...Full Text Available

2005-02-01

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121

Assessment of four serological techniques in the immunological diagnosis of farmers' lung disease.

Data from an epidemiological study in Ontario, involving 304 dairy herds, were used to identify associations between selected production indices and lipoarabinomannan antigen serological test results...Full Text Available

1991-10-01

122

Applications and Experience with PCR-Based Assays to Predict Blood Group Antigens

Farmers' lung disease (FLD) is a pulmonary disease that results from repeated inhalation of antigens from mouldy hay or straw. The objective of this prospective study was to assess the reliability of four serological techniques in FLD diagnosis. Sera from 15 consecutive patients with FLD, 15 healthy control farmers and 30 urban controls were analysed using four serological techniques [electrosyneresis (ES), Ouchterlony double diffusion (DD), ELISA and Western blot (WB)] with four antigens (Absidia corymbifera, Eurotium amstelodami, Wallemia sebi and Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula). In the authors' region, ES on cellulose acetate with A. corymbifera antigen was the most relevant diagnostic tool for discriminating FLD patients from healthy exposed farmers (sensitivity 87 %, specificity 100 %). DD tests were in accordance with ES, but their discriminatory power was lower. No threshold indicating both good sensitivity and ...

2007-10-01

123

Application of an indirect immunofluorescence test for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory exudates.

SummaryDNA-based tests are increasingly being used to predict a blood group phenotype. This is possible because genes encoding 29 of the 30 blood group systems have been cloned and sequenced,...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

124

Antigenic analysis of the second extra-cellular loop of the human beta-adrenergic receptors.

We prepared polyclonal antibody specific to Mycoplasma pneumoniae and examined the conditions influencing the ability of an indirect immunofluorescence test to detect the specific antigen in respiratory...Full Text Available

1991-09-01

125

A viral vaccine encoding PSA induces antigen spreading to a common set of self proteins in prostate cancer patients

Polyclonal antibodies were raised in rabbits by immunization with free peptides corresponding to positions 197-222 of the human beta 1-adrenergic receptor (beta 1 peptide) and the corresponding sequence...Full Text Available

1989-10-01

126

A double antibody solid phase assay for DNA autoantibodies for clinical use.

PurposeWe previously reported a randomized phase II clinical trial combining a poxvirus-based vaccine encoding PSA with radiotherapy in patients with localized prostate...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

127

Detection by cationized /sup 125/I-cytochrome C of proteoglycans (PG) transferred to nylon

DNA antoantibodies in serum will bind to antigen-coated polystyrene tubes and can be detected by radiolabelled anti-immunoglobulin. The method is quantitative, gives information on the antibody class...Full Text Available

1976-08-01

128

Semiquantitative measure of immune responses against erythropoietic stem cell antigens

Cytochrome c, labeled with /sup 125/I, has been used by us for staining glycosaminoglycans (GAG) separated by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate strips. As GAG between 1-10 ng could be quantified by autoradiography and densitometry, the reagent is approximately 100-fold more sensitive than currently used non-radiolabeled stains. The authors extend now the use of radiolabeled cytochrome c to the quantification of PG transblotted to solid supports subsequent to separation on polyacrylamine slab gels. Dot blotting used for exploring optimal conditions for detecting PG indicated that because of low background positively charged Nylon 66 was superior to nitrocellulose. Increasing the positive charge of the staining reagent by cationization decreased background radiation even further so that 1 ng PG could be seen readily after 5 hrs of autoradiography. Use of cationized /sup 125/I-cytochrome c has been made in detecting PG of bovine fetal ...

1986-05-01

129

Investigation of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) in human and other cell lines.

A semiquantitative assay was developed and used to measure the effects of immune responses against 16 independent non-H-2 antigenic loci on erythropoietic stem cells. The assay compares repopulation in genetically anemic WBB6F1-W/Wv recipients that have normal immune responses, and in lethally irradiated WBB6F1 +/+ mice whose immune responses are suppressed by the irradiation. The differences in repopulating ability between these two types of recipients measure how immune responses affect erythropoietic stem cells. Stem cell repopulating abilities for the cells with antigens specified by the Thy-1, H-1, H-24, Ly-1, H-37, and H-17 loci were affected slightly, if at all. Repopulating abilities were moderately reduced by responses against antigens specified by H-15, 16, Ea-2, and Ly-2, 3 loci, and against the differences between the B6 and B10 genotypes, although marrow of these types cured W/Wv recipients. A surprising result ...

1987-01-01

130

Composition-function relations of cartilaginous tissues engineered from chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells isolated from bone marrow and infrapatellar fat pad

Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) was discovered in human prostate tumors and later in some chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients. However, subsequent studies have identified various sources of potential contamination with XMRV and other murine leukemia virus (MLV)-related sequences in test samples. Biological and nucleotide sequence analysis indicates that XMRV is distinct from known xenotropic MLVs and has a broad host range and cell tropism including human cells. Therefore, it is prudent to minimize the risk of human exposure to infection by evaluating XMRV contamination in cell lines handled in laboratory research and particularly those used in the manufacture of biological products. Nested DNA PCR assays were optimized for investigating XMRV gag and env sequences in various cell lines, which included MRC-5, Vero, HEK-293, MDCK, HeLa, and A549, that may be used in the development of some vaccines and other cell lines broadly used in ...

2011-10-11

131

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the functional properties of cartilaginous tissues generated by porcine MSCs isolated from different tissue sources, and to compare these properties to those derived from chondrocytes (CCs). MSCs were isolated from bone marrow (BM) and infrapatellar fat pad (FP), while CCs were harvested from the articular surface of the femoro-patellar joint. Culture-expanded CCs and MSCs were encapsulated in agarose hydrogels and cultured in the presence of TGF3. Samples were analysed biomechanically, biochemically and histologically at days 0, 21 and 42. After 42 days in free swelling culture, mean GAG content was 1.50% w/w in CC-seeded constructs, compared to 0.95% w/w in FP- and 0.43% w/w in BM-seeded constructs. Total collagen accumulation was hig...

2011-01-01

132

[Aeromonas hydrophila-related septicemia in the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus].

Regulation of macrophage accessory cell activity by mycobacteria. I. Ia expression in normal and irradiated mice infected with Mycobacterium mycroti

From diseased wild and cultured Oreochromis niloticus in Lower Egypt, 17 Aeromonas hydrophila isolates were recovered. The mortality was between 10% and 70% in among cultured fish. The course of the disease ran in an acute manner. For cultured fish, the disease outbreaks were found mainly in winter and for the wild Nile fish, mortalities were observed in late spring and summer. Additionally wild fish were affected with ectoparasites. The LD50 values of the isolates ranged between 10(3) and 10(7). Isolates of high virulence were resistant to 1 hr boiling and to the bactericidal effect of fresh normal guinea pig serum. Moreover, they did not agglutinate in acriflavin. Only the virulent isolates could agglutinate tilapia erythrocytes. The above effects were reversed for avirulent isolates while moderately virulent isolates showed no consistency in their reactions. Tube agglutination test using O and WC antisera prepared against 6 isolates versus O and WC antigens of ...

1989-03-01

133

Radioiodinated peanut lecitin: A potential radiopharmaceutical for immunodetection of carcinoma expressing the T antigen

CBA/Ca mice were infected by either the intravenous or intraperitoneal route with Mycobacterium microti and the subsequent changes in local macrophage populations examined. Following infection, the number of macrophages increased and they showed greater expression of both MHC Class II molecules. This response was not dependent on viability of the mycobacteria, in contrast to reports with other microorganisms such as Listeria. Studies in sublethally irradiated mice indicated that persistent antigen could give rise to a response after a period of host recovery which was radiation dose dependent. This procedure also highlighted differences in the regulation of different murine class II antigens in vivo, as seen by delayed re-expression of I-E antigens. Macrophage accessory cell function, as assessed by an in vitro T cell proliferation assay, correlated with Ia expression after fixation, but not after indomethacin treatment; ...

134

Functional expression of anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) preS2 antigen scFv by cspA promoter system in Escherichia coli and application as a recognition molecule for single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) field effect transistor (FET)

The Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen, #betta#-D-Gal-(1->3)-#alpha#-D-GalNAc, is exposed in reactive form on many human adenocarcinomata, but not on corresponding benign tissues. Peanut lectin (PNA) has a strong binding affinity for the T antigen and reportedly binds preferentially to certain malignant tissues. We investigated the potential of radio-labelled PNA as a tumour localising agent in an animal model system using a mouse lymphoma (RI) shown to bind fluorescein-labelled PNA in vitro. The radio-iodinated lectin showed good tumour localisation and rapid blood clearance. Clear images of tumours were obtained, in serial scintigraphic imaging, by 24 and 48 h. No blood background subtraction was necessary. Biodistribution studies revealed tumour to blood ratios in mice were 6:1 (at 24 h) and 17:1 (at 48 h), and tumour to muscle ratios were 34:1 (at 24 h) and 40:1 (at 48 h). Rapid in vivo breakdown of _1_2_5I-PNA led to some localisation of ...

1983-01-01

135

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The preS2 antigens of hepatitis B virus (HBV), which causes a serious health problem in the world, have been implicated in hepatocyte cell binding and viral penetration. Therefore, the importance of antibody production against preS2 antigen for early diagnosis of HBV has been well established. In this study, the recombinant HBV preS2 single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody was successfully expressed in E. coli with the novel cold shock vector (pCold) under the cspA promoter, and its expression level was compared with the pET vector under the T7 promoter. Additionally, a host with an oxidizing cytoplasm, E. coli trxB/gor double mutant, was used to improve the soluble expression. The anti-HBV preS2 scFv using pCold vector was successfully expressed in a soluble and functional form in ...

2010-01-01

136

Specificity of the human proteoglycan radioimmunoassay

Radioimmunoassay data processing, ch. 2

The human articular cartilagineous proteoglycans (PG) R.I.A. is highly specific. The PG used as the standard and the /sup 125/I labelled molecule appear to be pure. Under these conditions, all the potential interfering substances which have been tested show no cross reaction. For instance, the Ag-Ab equilibrium is not affected by adding human IgG, human albumin, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, rat type II collagen or total human serum proteins. This R.I.A. also exhibits a species spcificity since there is no cross reaction with rat PG and negligible cross section with dog PG. The results obtained after addition of enzymes to the antigen demonstrate that the antigenic sites are localized on the protein region and not on the glycosaminoglycan region of the molecule.

1981-01-01

137

Immunomodulatory strategies for relapse after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in hematologic malignancy patients

The problems of radioimmunoassay data processing with a fairly big computer are investigated in detail. The logit transformation, introduced by Rodbard et al. in 1968, and the related mathematical operations are presented. From logit-ln plots the confidence limits for the calculation of the antigen concentration can be predicted as well as the minimum detectable dose (i.e. the sensitivity of the assay). The Scatchard plot is used to calculate the equilibrium constant of the antigen-antibody coupling reaction and the binding capacity. A 4-parameter logistic curve fitting method is developed and combined with a method to carry out a multi-component Scatchard analysis. Both a weighted and an unweighted linear regression procedure are evaluated for use in calculating the plasma renin activity from the angiotensin I amounts determined by radioimmunoassay. Improvements for Rodbard's computer programmes are proposed.

1978-02-15

138

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Currently, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched/haploidentical allografts have been validated as an alternative stem cell source for patients who have no immediate access to an HLA-matched related or unrelated donor. However, relapse remains a challenge after HLA-mismatched/haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) that is employed in the treatment of patients with hematological malignancies. In recent years, newly developed immunomodulatory strategies, which include prophylactic and therapeutic donor lymphocyte/natural killer (NK) cell infusion, donor selection based on NK alloreactivity/non-inherited maternal antigen (NIMA), immune reconstitution promotion, and application of exogenous cytokines, have made it possible to decrease the relapse rate and improve outco...

2011-01-01

139

Establishment of a method for RIA of transferrin

Antigenic characterization of phocine distemper virus causing mass mortality in 2002 and its relationship to other morbilliviruses

Objective: To develop a method for RIA of transferrin without dilution of the serum sample. Methods: The measurable range was broadened through: Lowering of the specific radioactivity of the labelled antigen, increasing the concentration of the anti-serum and improve the curve fitting method. Results: The antiserum affinity was 3.82 x 10"-"1"0 mol/L, the specific radioactivity of the labelled antigen was 15.3 mg/mic, inter-assay error CV 5.38%, intra-assay error CV = 3.5% and the shape of the curve was good. For 30 normal control specimens, the mean TF content was 2.81 +- 0.972 mg/ml. Conclusion: Development of a method for RIA of TF without previous dilution of the test serum was of clinical value

2002-04-01

140

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Summary The antigenic relationship between the phocine distemper virus (PDV) strain causing the epidemic in 2002 and the PDV strain of 1988, canine distemper virus from two dogs and one marten, and one measles virus strain was investigated in vivo and in vitro using monospecific polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies directed against five different proteins of canine or phocine distemper virus (N, P, M, F, H). Epitopic mapping revealed no difference between the PDV strains causing the epidemics in 1988 or 2002. However, the use of these antibodies allowed discrimination between different morbilliviruses including a vaccine strain of canine distemper virus. The major differences among the investigated morbilliviruses were found in the H protein.

2007-01-01

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141

Wide cross-species aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase replacement in vivo: yeast cytoplasmic alanine enzyme replaced by human polymyositis serum antigen.

The incidence of spontaneously occurring antiliver antibodies in New Zealand Black mice

Because of variations in tRNA sequences in evolution, tRNA synthetases either do not acylate their cognate tRNAs from other organisms or execute misacylations which can be deleterious in vivo. We report...Full Text Available

1995-05-23

142

Spontaneous mutations affecting the host range of the B77 strain of avian sarcoma virus involve type-specific changes in the virion envelope antigen.

The sera of NZB/BL mice have been found to be active in the complement fixation test against isogeneic liver antigens to a higher titre than the sera of CBA, C57BL and DBA/2 mice. Six sera from NZB...Full Text Available

1969-04-01

143

Rhizobium fredii and Rhizobium meliloti produce 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid-containing polysaccharides that are structurally analogous to group II K antigens (capsular polysaccharides) found in Escherichia coli.

Previously it was shown that the host-range gene of the Bratislava strain of avain sarcoma virus (B77 virus) spontaneously mutates with a very high rate. The wild-type B77 virus called B77 virus-II,...Full Text Available

1977-01-01

144

Prediction of conformational changes by single mutation in the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) identified in HBsAg-negative blood donors

The polysaccharide components from cultured cells of Rhizobium fredii USDA205 and Rhizobium meliloti AK631 were extracted with hot phenol-water and separated by repetitive gel filtration chromatography....Full Text Available

1993-06-01

145

Potent immune responses and in vitro pro-inflammatory cytokine suppression by a novel adenovirus vaccine vector based on rare human serotype 28

BackgroundSelection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) by host immunity has been suggested to give rise to variants with amino acid substitutions at or around the 'a' determinant...Full Text Available

146

Organ transplantation and replacement

Adenovirus vaccine vectors derived from rare human serotypes have been shown to be less potent than serotype 5 (Ad5) at inducing immune responses to encoded antigens. To identify highly immunogenic...Full Text Available

2010-08-09

147

Optimizing Antigen Cocktails for Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in Herds with Different Prevalences of Bovine Tuberculosis: ESAT6-CFP10 Mixture Shows Optimal Sensitivity and Specificity?

This book contains 49 chapters. Some of the titles are: Molecular, Genetic, and Clinical Aspects of the HLA System; The Normal Immune Response; Significance of the ABO Antigen System; The Role of Dialysis in the Management of End-Stage Renal Disease; Access for Dialysis; Patient Selection for Renal Transplantation; The Living Donor in Kidney Transplantation; and Kidney Preservation by Cold Storage.

1988-01-01

148

Homocytotropic antibodies (IgE) to Neisseria gonorrhoeae in the rat and a cross-reactivity of heterologous gonococcal strains.

Bovine tuberculosis is a major problem in many countries; hence, new and better diagnostic tools are urgently needed. In this work, we have tested ESAT6, CFP10, PE13, PE5, MPB70, TB10.4, and TB27.4...Full Text Available

2006-12-01

149

Hepatitis B virus-induced defect of monocyte-derived dendritic cells leads to impaired T helper type 1 response in vitro: mechanisms for viral immune escape

Outbred Wistar rats were immunised with a single intraperitoneal injection of a mixture of 30 mg of A1(OH)3 and 100microng of gonococcal zeolite antigen (ZA). Ten days after immunisation, ZA prepared...Full Text Available

1977-04-01

150

Efficacy of a heat inactivated hepatitis B vaccine in male homosexuals: outcome of a placebo controlled double blind trial.

Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells and play a central role in the induction of antiviral immune responses. Recently, we have shown that monocyte-derived DC (MoDC) from...Full Text Available

2003-08-01

151

Diversion of the Immune Response to Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Th17 to Th1/Th2 by Treatment with Anti-Transforming Growth Factor ? Antibody Generates Immunological Memory and Protective Immunity

The efficacy of a heat inactivated hepatitis B virus vaccine, containing 3 micrograms hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), was studied in a high risk group of 800 susceptible homosexual men by a randomised...Full Text Available

1983-04-23

152

Comparative Study of ¹²⁵I- and [³H]Acetate-Labeled Antibodies in Detecting Iridescent Viruses

ABSTRACTThe immune response to Neisseria gonorrhoeae is poorly understood, but its extensive antigenic variability and resistance to complement are thought to allow it...Full Text Available

153

Bullous pemphigoid after radiation therapy

Radioimmunoassays for detecting cell-associated or released virus are described using either ¹²⁵I- or [³H]acetate-labeled antibodies. In the first assay system, antigen-antibody...Full Text Available

1974-07-01

154

Antibodies against a novel nucleolar and cytoplasmic antigen (p105-p42) present in the sera of patients with a subset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with signs of scleroderma

Electron beam therapy applied to a lymph node metastasis from a squamous cell carcinoma was followed by the development of histologically and immunologically typical bullous pemphigoid, the lesions being initially strictly confined to the irradiation area. This observation suggests that the bullous pemphigoid antigen may be altered or unmasked by electron beam radiotherapy, leading subsequently to the production of autoantibodies. The disease in this case effectively responded to the administration of tetracycline and niacinamide, a therapeutic regimen described recently.

1988-02-01

155

Potential Increases in Mortality due to Global Warming

We identified three patients (two of them relatives) with RA and signs of scleroderma whose sera contained a high titre of IgG class antibodies against the nucleoli and the nucleoplasm of cells of different...Full Text Available

1998-11-01

156

Structural studies of the O-antigenic polysaccharide from Escherichia coli O177

... predicting potential increases in human mortality due to global warming....

157

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The structure of the O-antigen polysaccharide (PS) from Escherichia coli O177 has been determined. Component analysis together with 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy experiments was used to determine the structure. Inter-residue correlations were determined by 1H,13C-heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation and 1H,1H-NOESY experiments. PS is composed of tetrasaccharide repeating units with the following structure: 2)-a-l-Rhap-(13)-a-l-FucpNAc-(13)-a-l-FucpNAc-(13)-b-d-GlcpNAc-(1 An a-l-Rhap residue is suggested to be present at the terminal part of the polysaccharide, which on average is composed of 20 repeating units, since the 1H and 13C chemical shifts of an a-linked rhamnopyranosyl group could be assigned by a combination of 2D NMR spectra. Consequently, the biological repeating unit has a 3-...

2011-01-01

158

Regulation of human ribosomal RNA transcription.

Experimental studies on reconstruction of peripheral arteries by high voltage cathode ray irradiated allografts

We have used a cell-free polymerase I transcription system derived from HeLa cells to study the regulation of human rRNA synthesis. Analysis of deletion mutants spanning the start site of transcription at nucleotide +1 indicates that the control region affecting initiation of human rRNA synthesis is contained within sequences from nucleotides -158 to +18. This promoter region can be subdivided into (i) a central segment of approximately 40 base pair that is required for transcription and (ii) flanking sequences that influence the efficiency of transcription in vitro. We have examined the in vitro transcriptional activity of the human extract under various conditions that are thought to modulate rRNA synthesis in vivo. Cell-free extracts prepared from HeLa cells infected with adenovirus 2 synthesize human rRNA at levels greatly decreased relative to uninfected cell extracts. By contrast, in vitro transcription of human rRNA is stimulated 2- to 3-fold by the addition of purified simian ...

1983-06-01

159

A versatile and potentially general approach to the targeting of specific cell types by retroviruses: Application to the infection of human cells by means of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II antigens by mouse ecotropic murine leukemia virus-derived viruses

The use of cathode ray irradiated arterial allografts on the reconstruction of small peripheral arteries is described. The fate of irradiated arterial allografts implanted subcutaneously in rats was compared histologically with that of allografts which were fresh, frozen or stored in 70% alcohol. Follow-up studies were made of 10 dogs in which irradiated arterial allografts had been implanted in the femoral artery to be evaluated; long term patency by arteriography, gross and histologic changes of the implanted allografts, and the luminal surface of the implanted allografts by scanning electron microscopic studies. For the purpose of antigenic studies, extracts of canine arteries which had been irradiated, frozen or stored in 70% alcohol, were prepared and tested by the following immunological methods: precipitation, Ouchterlony gel diffusion, and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. From the results obtained in these experiments, it was concluded that, compared with ...

1976-01-01

160

A Phase III Extension Trial With a 1-Arm Crossover From Leuprolide to Degarelix: Comparison of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist and Antagonist Effect on Prostate Cancer

A technique for delivering genes carried by recombinant retroviruses into specific cell types could have numerous applications in oncology, developmental biology, and gene therapy. As a first step toward this remote goal the authors designed a procedure allowing in vitro cell targeting by retroviruses. Biotinylated antibodies against the viral envelope protein on one side, and against specific cell membrane markers on the other side, were bridged by streptavidin and used to link the virus to the host. The method was successfully used to infect human cells with ecotropic murine retroviruses by means of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II antigens and appears easily adaptable to other cell, membrane markers. Moreover, the sequential protocol they design, although allowing infection of human cells, requires less stringent safety constraints than would handling of amphotropic virus stocks.

1989-12-01

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161

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

PurposeWe investigated the efficacy and safety of degarelix treatment and the effects of switching from leuprolide to degarelix in an ongoing extension study with a median 27.5-month followup of a pivotal 1-year prostate cancer trial. Materials and MethodsPatients who completed a 1-year pivotal phase III trial continued on the same monthly degarelix maintenance dose (160 or 80 mg in 125 each), or were re-randomized from leuprolide 7.5 mg to degarelix 240/80 mg (69) or 240/160 mg (65). Data are shown on the approved degarelix 240/80 mg dose. The primary end point was safety/tolerability and the secondary end points were testosterone, prostate specific antigen, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone responses, and prostate specific antigen failure and progression-free survival....

2011-01-01

162

A CD33-specific single-chain immunotoxin mediates potent apoptosis of cultured human myeloid leukaemia cells.

Aarskog-Scott syndrome: Clinical update and report of nine novel mutations of the FGD1 gene

A novel single-chain immunotoxin was constructed by combining a CD33-specific single chain Fv (scFv) antibody fragment with an engineered variant of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (ETA). The variant toxin carries the KDEL peptide at its C-terminus, a cellular peptide mediating improved retrograde transport to the endoplasmic reticulum. The purified recombinant fusion protein induced potent apoptosis of the human myeloid cell lines U937, HL-60 and THP-1. Up to 98% of U937 cells were eliminated after treatment for 72 h with a single dose of 500 ng/ml (c. 7 nmol/l). Killing was antigen-specific and occurred by apoptosis. A control protein, consisting of a CD19-specific scFv antibody fragment fused to the ETA-KDEL toxin, failed to induce death of the CD19-negative cell lines U937, HL-60 and THP-1. The CD33-ETA toxin also mediated apoptosis of fresh patient-derived acute myeloid leukaemia cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood. The pronounced ...

2006-04-01

163

Intrahepatic peripheral cholangiocarcinoma; dynamic features of CT scans

Mutations in the FGD1 gene have been shown to cause Aarskog-Scott syndrome (AAS), or facio-digito-genital dysplasia (OMIM#305400), an X-linked disorder characterized by distinctive genital and skeletal developmental abnormalities with a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes. To date, 20 distinct mutations have been reported, but little phenotypic data are available on patients with molecularly confirmed AAS. In the present study, we report on our experience of screening for mutations in the FGD1 gene in a cohort of 60 European patients with a clinically suspected diagnosis of AAS. We identified nine novel mutations in 11 patients (detection rate of 18.33%), including three missense mutations (p.R402Q; p.S558W; p.K748E), four truncating mutations (p.Y530X; p.R656X; c.806delC; c.1620delC), one in-frame deletion (c.2020_2022delGAG) and the first reported splice site mutation (c.1935+3A>C). A recurrent mutation (p.R656X) was detected in three independent families. ...

2010-01-01

164

Committed T lymphocyte stem cells of rats. Characterization by surface W3/13 antigen and radiosensitivity

To elucidate the dynamic features of CT scans in peripheral cholangiocarcinoma for the differentiation of this tumor from various primary hepatic neoplasms. Materials were 24 cases of pathologically confirmed peripheral cholangiocarcinoma. Contrast enhancement patterns of central and peripheral portion of the masses were analyzed at three phases including arterial dominant(22), tissue equilibria(24), and postequilibria(9). Other associated CT findings and laboratory data were analyzed. Serum total bilirubin was mostly below 2 mg/dl(22/24), hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in only 9%, serum alphafetoprotein was elevated in 18%, carcinoembryonic antigen in 47%, cancer antigen 19-9 in 60%. In the arterial dominant image(22), 50% of the cases showed peripheral hyperdensity and 50% total hypodensity. In the tissue equilibrial images(24), 63% showed total hypodensity, 25% peripheral hyperdensity, and 13% total isodensity. ...

1995-05-01

165

A single amino acid substitution (R441A) in the receptor-binding domain of SARS coronavirus spike protein disrupts the antigenic structure and binding activity

The existence of stem cells committed to the T lymphoid lineage was deduced from studying how rat T and B stem cells differ in their expression of membrane W3/13 antigen and in their susceptibility in vivo to gamma irradiation. Stem cell activity of rat bone marrow and fetal liver was measured in long-term radiation chimeras using B and T cell alloantigenic surface markers to identify the progeny of donor cells. Monoclonal mouse anti-rat thymocyte antibody W3/13 labeled approximately 40% of fetal liver cells and 60-70% of young rat bone marrow cells (40% brightly, 25% dimly). Bright, dim, and negative cells were separated on a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. All B and T lymphoid stem cells in fetal liver were W3/13 bright, as were B lymphoid stem cells in bone marrow. W3/13 dim bone marrow had over half the T cell repopulating activity of unseparated marrow but gave virtually no B cell repopulation. In further experiments, the radiosensitivity of endogenous B ...

1981-01-01

166

Optical Images Due to Lenses and Mirrors

The spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has two major functions: interacting with the receptor to mediate virus entry and inducing protective immunity. Coincidently, the receptor-binding domain (RBD, residues 318-510) of SAR-CoV S protein is a major antigenic site to induce neutralizing antibodies. Here, we used RBD-Fc, a fusion protein containing the RBD and human IgG1 Fc, as a model in the studies and found that a single amino acid substitution in the RBD (R441A) could abolish the immunogenicity of RBD to induce neutralizing antibodies in immunized mice and rabbits. With a panel of anti-RBD mAbs as probes, we observed that R441A substitution was able to disrupt the majority of neutralizing epitopes in the RBD, suggesting that this residue is critical for the antigenic structure responsible for inducing protective immune responses. We also demonstrated that the RBD-Fc bearing R441A mutation could not ...

2006-05-26

167

Distribution Models for Optical Scintillation Due to ...

... Title : Optical Images Due to Lenses and Mirrors. ... Abstract : The properties of real and virtual images formed by lenses and mirrors are reviewed. ...

168

Zebrafish embryo extracts promote sphere-forming abilities of human melanoma cell line

... Lincoln Laboratory Distribution Models for Optical Scintillation Due to Atmospheric Turbulence RR Parenti RJ Susiela Group 107 ...

2005-12-12

169

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Sphere-forming abilities in culture condition are considered a hallmark of cancer stem-like cells, which represents tumor cell invasiveness and stem-like characteristics. We aimed to show that the sphere-forming subpopulation of human malignant melanoma cell line WM-266-4 acts differently to zebrafish embryo extracts compared with their bulk counterpart. Spheres were maintained in neural stem cell culture conditions. The embryos of zebrafish at specific developmental stages were collected and the extracts were purified under 100 kDa. Spheres were treated with embyo extracts and proliferation assay and immunocytochemistry were conducted. Spheroid cells expressed nestin and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) but not melanoma antigen recognized by T-cells (MART)1, indicating their stem-l...

2009-01-01

170

T cell receptor beta chain from sea bream (Sparus aurata): Molecular cloning, expression and modelling of the complexes with MHC class I

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The T cell receptor is a fundamental mediator of the adaptive immune responses, since TR ab on T cells recognize foreign structures (peptides derived from processed antigens) bound to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on APC cells. In the present study, we report the cloning of six TRB chains cDNA sequences from gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), a fish of high economical impact in South Mediterranean aquaculture. The V-BETA domains have the canonical features of known teleost and mammalian TR V-BETA domains and have been divided in four different subgroups. A multiple alignment of the six sea bream TRB chains with other known TRB sequences was assembled and showed the conservation of the four cysteine residues involved in disulphide bonds and of some amino acids with an importan...

2008-01-01

171

Quantitative bone scintigraphy. A methodological evaluation in prostate cancer

Quantitative bone scintigraphy. A methodological evaluation in prostate cancer

Purpose: To evaluate a simple method for quantification of focal activity in bone scintigraphy (BS). Material and methods: The gamma camera was calibrated using a phantom. Quantitative bone scintigraphy (QBS) was performed on 11 men recently diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa), for whom routine BS showed involvement of the skeleton. Following endocrine therapy for 4 to 8 months, a second QBS was performed. Changes in QBS values were then compared to changes in serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Results: PSA response indicating regression of PCa was accompanied by a decrease in the QBS value in 8 of the 11 patients. The overall mean error of the QBS values was 15%. conclusion: QBS according to this method is a relatively simple procedure that might contribute to objective evaluation of therapeutic effects in skeletal metastases, although its validity must be tested in a larger clinical material.

2000-03-01

172

Production and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies to Mouse Germ Cells

Purpose: To evaluate a simple method for quantification of focal activity in bone scintigraphy (BS). Material and methods: The gamma camera was calibrated using a phantom. Quantitative bone scintigraphy (QBS) was performed on 11 men recently diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa), for whom routine BS showed involvement of the skeleton. Following endocrine therapy for 4 to 8 months, a second QBS was performed. Changes in QBS values were then compared to changes in serum levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Results: PSA response indicating regression of PCa was accompanied by a decrease in the QBS value in 8 of the 11 patients. The overall mean error of the QBS values was 15%. conclusion: QBS according to this method is a relatively simple procedure that might contribute to objective evaluation of therapeutic effects in skeletal metastases, although its validity must be tested in a larger clinical material

2000-03-01

173

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In mammals, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are generated in the extra-embryonic epiblast, and thereafter migrate into the developing gonads. Following the development of the gonads to the testes or ovaries, germ cells mature into sperms or eggs. In the present study, we report production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) that recognize PGCs. Extracts from E12.5 mouse embryonic gonads were immunized as an antigen, and hybridomas were generated using the rat medial iliac lymph node method. The hybridoma supernatants were screened by immunohistochemical analyses of E12.5 mouse embryonic sections. The antibody, referred to herein as MAb 5B5, provided strong signals on PGCs. Moreover, immunofluorescence analyses using a variety of the tissue sections of mouse embryos revealed th...

2010-01-01

174

Photodynamic efficacy of hypericin targeted by two delivery techniques to hepatocellular carcinoma cells

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The photocytotoxic effect of hypericin (Hyp) targeted by two different delivery techniques, namely, liposomes and anti-hepatocyte specific antigen (anti-HSA) was investigated. Optical absorption and steady-state fluorescence were used to analyze the conjugation of Hyp with anti-HSA model and to evaluate the encapsulation capacity and drug release in a liposome model. Particle size and thermal analysis of the prepared liposomes were performed using laser-light scattering and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. Viability study of HepG2 cells exposed to Hyp in the two delivery systems, in the dark and following visible light irradiation, was performed in comparison to free Hyp. The intracellular uptake and localization of Hyp in HepG2 cells were analyzed by means of spectro...

2010-01-01

175

Intravaginal immunization using the recombinant HIV-1 clade-C trimeric envelope glycoprotein CN54gp140 formulated within lyophilized solid dosage forms

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Vaccine-mediated prevention of primary HIV-1 infection at the heterosexual mucosal portal of entry may be facilitated by highly optimised formulations or drug delivery devices for intravaginal (i.vag) immunization. Previously we described hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)-based rheologically structured gel vehicles (RSVs) for vaginal immunization of an HIV-1 vaccine candidate, a soluble recombinant trimeric HIV-1 clade-C envelope glycoprotein designated CN54gp140. Here we investigated the efficacy of lyophilized solid dosage formulations (LSDFs) for prolonging antigen stability and as i.vag delivery modalities. LSDFs were designed and developed that upon i.vag administration they would reconstitute with the imbibing of vaginal fluid to mucoadhesive, site-retentive semi-solids. Mice were immunize...

2011-01-01

176

Cryopreservation of isolated blastomeres and embryonic stem-like cells of Leopard danio, Brachydanio frankei

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract This study aimed at developing a suitable cryopreservation protocol for embryonic stem (ES)-like cells of a tiny freshwater fish Leopard danio (Brachydanio frankei). Embryonic stem (ES)-like cells derived from blastomeres of the early blastulae stage of the developing embryo were cultured in vitro in a medium containing Leibowitz-15 supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum, leopard danio embryo extract, sodium bicarbonate, sodium selenite, basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor and leukaemia inhibitory factor. The ES-like cells showed properties similar to ES cells in other species. They were morphologically small, round to polygonal and present in patches and extensively expressed alkaline phosphatase and stage-specific embryonic antigen. The toxicity and chilli...

2010-01-01

177

Apparatus for use in radioimmunoassays

An oral nervous necrosis virus vaccine using Vibrio anguillarum as an expression host provides early protection

Apparatus for solid-phase antibody separation techniques used in radioimmunoassays is described in this invention. It consists of a rectangular prism tray with multiple wells protruding into its interior from one side. Near the base of the tray is an orifice used for creating evacuated condition within the structure. At the base of each well there is an orifice of such size and shape as to retain an aqueous liquid under given pressure conditions but permit the evacuation of this liquid at reduced pressure. The outlet of these orifices is in the shape of an inverted conical frustrum. Each of the wells contains an antibody coated disc of porous cellulose paper surrounded by a plastic support. The porous nature of the cellulose paper ensures contact between the antibody coating and the antigen. The use of antibody coated porous cellulose paper in combination with the vacuum operated apparatus simplifies the manipulative steps whilst still maintaining the sensitivity ...

1991-08-26

178

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Oral vaccination is the most desirable immunization method by which to prevent fish disease occurring at the early larval stage. We developed an Escherichia coli-based oral nervous necrosis virus (NNV) subunit vaccine and demonstrated its effectiveness in orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) fry. However, the incubation period was determined to be over 2weeks. To enhance the efficacy and shorten the incubation period, a safe and digestible biological adjuvant should be found. Vibrio anguillarum, a common marine bacterium with immune-stimulatory capability was selected as an expression host. An expression vector containing its heat shock protein 60 gene (groE) as an inducible promoter was constructed to express recombinant NNV coat protein as an antigen. The recombinant V. anguilla...

2011-01-01

179

An immunohistochemical study in cases with usual and unusual clinicopathological findings of canine visceral leishmaniosis

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The present study describes pathologic findings and immunohistochemical diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in 22 dogs who died naturally in the Aegean region of Turkey. At necropsy, lymphadenomegaly, hepatosplenomegaly, hepatic, and nephrosclerotic lesions were conspicuous. Histopathologically, chronic inflammatory reactions of the spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, liver, and skin were marked findings. Cytological and histological examinations showed macrophages loaded with Leishmania amastigotes in these organs. Immunohistochemistry revealed that immunolabeling of amastigotes and/or parasite antigen, especially in the lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver, and skin, and occasionally, in the kidneys, intestines and lungs. Our laboratory results showed that immunohistochemis...

2011-01-01

180

Immunological correlates for protection against intranasal challenge of Bacillus anthracis spores conferred by a protective antigen-based vaccine in rabbits.

Characterization of hyaluronate binding proteins isolated from 3T3 and murine sarcoma virus transformed 3T3 cells

Correlates between immunological parameters and protection against Bacillus anthracis infection in animals vaccinated with protective antigen (PA)-based vaccines could provide surrogate markers to evaluate the putative protective efficiency of immunization in humans. In previous studies we demonstrated that neutralizing antibody levels serve as correlates for protection in guinea pigs (S. Reuveny et al., Infect. Immun. 69:2888-2893, 2001; H. Marcus et al., Infect. Immun. 72:3471-3477, 2004). In this study we evaluated similar correlates for protection by active and passive immunization of New Zealand White rabbits. Full immunization and partial immunization were achieved by single and multiple injections of standard and diluted doses of a PA-based vaccine. Passive immunization was carried out by injection of immune sera from rabbits vaccinated with PA-based vaccine prior to challenge with B. anthracis spores. Immunized rabbits were challenged by intranasal spore ...

2006-01-01

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181

Autoradiographic analysis of radiolabeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody CEA 102 in colorectal cancer using computed radiography

A hyaluronic acid binding fraction was purified from the supernatant media of both 3T3 and murine sarcoma virus (MSV) transformed 3T3 cultures by hyaluronate and immunoaffinity chromatography. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis resolved the hyaluronate affinity-purified fraction into three major protein bands of estimated molecular weight (M/sub r,e/) 70K, 66K, and 56K which contained hyaluronate binding activity and which were termed hyaluronate binding proteins (HABP). Hyaluronate affinity chromatography combined with immunoaffinity chromatography, using antibody directed against the larger HABP, allowed a 20-fold purification of HABP. Fractions isolated from 3T3 supernatant medium also contained additional binding molecules in the molecular weight range of 20K. This material was present in vanishingly small amounts and was not detected with a silver stain or with (/sup 35/S)methionine label. The three protein species isolated by hyaluronate affinity ...

1987-06-02

182

Autoradiographic analysis of radiolabeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody CEA 102 in colorectal cancer using computed radiography

Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monclonal antibody (MAb) CEA 102 was produced by immunization with purified CEA and the specific accumulation of radiolabeled CEA 102 in colorectal cancers was investigated by autoradiography of sugical specimens using Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR). Five patients with colorectal cancer were injected intravenously with {sup 131}I-labeled intact CEA 102 or its F(ab'){sub 2}. Primary tumor and liver metastases were successfully detected by external scanning with a gamma camera in 4 cases. Autoradiographic study of the surgical specimens using FCR showed predominant localization of {sup 131}I-labeled CEA 102 in primary tumors and liver metastases in all cases. Even a small liver metastasis (0.5 cm) was clearly visualized in the autoradiogram by FCR. The pixel distribution curves of the density of the respective tissues in the autoradiograms by FCR showed the heterogeneity of the distribution of administreted radiolabeled MAb in ...

1992-04-01

183

Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen monclonal antibody (MAb) CEA 102 was produced by immunization with purified CEA and the specific accumulation of radiolabeled CEA 102 in colorectal cancers was investigated by autoradiography of sugical specimens using Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR). Five patients with colorectal cancer were injected intravenously with "1"3"1I-labeled intact CEA 102 or its F(ab')_2. Primary tumor and liver metastases were successfully detected by external scanning with a gamma camera in 4 cases. Autoradiographic study of the surgical specimens using FCR showed predominant localization of "1"3"1I-labeled CEA 102 in primary tumors and liver metastases in all cases. Even a small liver metastasis (0.5 cm) was clearly visualized in the autoradiogram by FCR. The pixel distribution curves of the density of the respective tissues in the autoradiograms by FCR showed the heterogeneity of the distribution of administreted radiolabeled MAb in individual tumors, ...

1992-01-01

184

Hypercalcemia

The Measurement Errors of Elastic Modulus and Hardness due to the Different Indentation Speed

... in the body. PTH is made by the parathyroid glands -- four small glands located in the neck behind ... is due to excess PTH release by the parathyroid glands. This excess occurs due to an enlargement of ...

185

The Damage of Microcontroller Devices due to Coupling Effects under High Power Electromagnetic Wave by Magnetron

Full Text Available

2010-09-01

186

The Characteristic of Electric Field Penetration into Infinite Conducting Plane with an Aperture Due to HEMP Incidence

Full Text Available

2008-12-01

187

Luminescence dating of Beach-Rock formations

Full Text Available

2010-12-01

188

Loss of contraction force in dermal fibroblasts with aging due to decreases in myosin light chain phosphorylation enzymes

... excessive. Due to the response being too weak, attempts to use Infrared

2000-05-15

189

Delineation of the ADULT syndrome phenotype due to arginine 298 mutations of the p63 gene

Full Text Available

190

Behavior study of polyphenols from Maytenus aquifolium due to X and gamma radiations

Udgivelsesdato: 2006/8

2006-01-01

191

An Assessment on the Geographical Boundary of Hydrometeorologic Changes due to Dam Construction

Short communication.

1995-09-03

192

Using light to bioactivate surfaces: A new way of creating oriented, active immunobiosensors

Full Text Available

2005-04-01

193

Role of the Yersinia pestis Ail Protein in Preventing a Protective Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Response During Bubonic Plague.

Ultraviolet light can be used to immobilize biomolecules onto thiol reactive surfaces in order to, e.g., make biosensors. The mechanism involves light-induced formation of free, reactive thiol groups in disulphide containing molecules. This technology allows for the creation of arrays of biomolecules with a high degree of reproducibility, circumventing the need for often expensive nano/micro-dispensing technologies. The ultimate size of the immobilized spots is defined by the focal area of the UV beam. Light-induced immobilization has the added benefit that the immobilized molecules will be spatially oriented and covalently bound to the surface. In this paper, we demonstrate the utility of a sensor array created with the new sensor technology when integrated into a microfluidic system. Protein arrays made using light-induced immobilization showed successful antigen/antibody binding in a flow cell allowing the visualisation of real time binding and enzyme activity. ...

2007-12-15

194

Rhipicephalus sanguineus: vector of a new spotted fever group rickettsia in the United States.

The ability of Yersinia pestis to forestall the mammalian innate immune response is a fundamental aspect of plague pathogenesis. In this study, we examined the effect of Ail, a 17-kDa outer membrane protein that protects Y. pestis against complement-mediated lysis, on bubonic plague pathogenesis in mice and rats. The Y. pestis ail mutant was attenuated for virulence in both rodent models. The attenuation was greater in rats than in mice, which correlates with the ability of normal rat serum, but not mouse serum, to kill ail-negative Y. pestis in vitro. Intradermal infection with the ail mutant resulted in an atypical, subacute form of bubonic plague associated with extensive recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN or neutrophils) to the site of infection in the draining lymph node and the formation of large purulent abscesses that contained the bacteria. Systemic spread and mortality were greatly attenuated, however, and a productive adaptive immune response was generated ...

2011-10-01

195

Rearrangement of a common cellular DNA domain on chromosome 4 in human primary liver tumors

A rickettsia related to but distinct from the spotted fever agent, Rickettsia rickettsii, has been detected in 167 (18.9%) of 884 Rhipicephalus sanguineus taken off dogs in central and northern Mississippi. The organisms could readily be isolated in male meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus), where it produced massive infections in the tissues of tunica vaginalis. It was practically nonpathogenic for male guinea pigs, although inoculation of these animals with infected tunica vaginalis of voles afforded in 30 of 38 instances solid immunity to challenge with virulent R. rickettsii. The Rhipicephalus rickettsia grew well in monolayers of chicken embryo fibroblast, Vero, mouse L, and HeLa cells. Cytopathogenic effects were minimal unless large concentrations of rickettsiae were used as inocula. It also could be established in embryonated hen eggs but only after injection of massive doses of L cell-propagated organisms. Serological tests (complement fixation, microagglutination and/or ...

1975-07-01

196

Rearrangement of a common cellular DNA domain on chromosome 4 in human primary liver tumors

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration has been shown to occur frequently in human hepatocellular carcinomas. The authors have investigated whether common cellular DNA domains might be rearranged, possibly by HBV integration, in human primary liver tumors. Unique cellular DNA sequences adjacent to an HBV integration site were isolated from a patient with hepatitis B surface antigen-positive hepatocellular carcinoma. These probes detected rearrangement of this cellular region of chromosomal DNA in 3 of 50 additional primary liver tumors studied. Of these three tumor samples, two contained HBV DNA, without an apparent link between the viral DNA and the rearranged allele; HBV DNA sequences were not detected in the third tumor sample. By use of a panel of somatic cell hybrids, these unique cellular DNA sequences were shown to be located on chromosome 4. Therefore, this region of chromosomal DNA might be implicated in the formation of different tumors at one step of ...

1988-02-01

197

P431 - Reaction hemolytique differee post-transfusionnelle chez une drepanocytaire

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration has been shown to occur frequently in human hepatocellular carcinomas. The authors have investigated whether common cellular DNA domains might be rearranged, possibly by HBV integration, in human primary liver tumors. Unique cellular DNA sequences adjacent to an HBV integration site were isolated from a patient with hepatitis B surface antigen-positive hepatocellular carcinoma. These probes detected rearrangement of this cellular region of chromosomal DNA in 3 of 50 additional primary liver tumors studied. Of these three tumor samples, two contained HBV DNA, without an apparent link between the viral DNA and the rearranged allele; HBV DNA sequences were not detected in the third tumor sample. By use of a panel of somatic cell hybrids, these unique cellular DNA sequences were shown to be located on chromosome 4. Therefore, this region of chromosomal DNA might be implicated in the formation of different tumors at one step of ...

198

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Une enfant drepanocytaire homozygote SS de 14 ans (sans deficit en G6PD), non transfusee anterieurement, a une cholecystectomie pour lithiase decouverte a un bilan systematique. L'intervention est encadree de 2 transfusions de concentres erythrocytaires (CGR) phenotypes ABO Rh Kell, compatibilises. Quinze jours apres, elle presente une hemolyse aigue associant fievre, ictere, insuffisance renale tubulaire, hemoglobinurie et anemie profonde (Hb 3,6 g/dL). Les RAI deviennent positives avec, entre autres, un auto anticorps anti D suspecte, le test de Coombs direct est positif de type mixte. L'enfant n'est pas retransfusee, mais recoit 1 mg/kg/j de corticoides IV pendant 10 jours. L'hemoglobine retrouve sa valeur de base (9 g/dL) apres 15 jours. Un antigene RH1(D) partiel de type DAR est ulter...

2010-01-01

199

Light-Powered Molecular Engineering : a new technology for medical safety applications

Ixodes ricinus: vector of a hitherto undescribed spotted fever group agent in Switzerland.

We present a new photonic technology and demonstrate that it allows for precise immobilisation of biomolecules to sensor surfaces. The technology secures spatially controlled molecular immobilisation since immobilisation of each molecule to a support surface can be limited to the focal point of the ultraviolet (UV) beam, as small as a few micrometers. We can immobilise molecules according to any pattern, from classical microarrays to diffraction patterns creating unique watermarking safety patterns. Given that suitable protein markers exists for all relevant diseases it is entirely feasible to test for a range of disease indicators (antigens and other markers) in a single test. Few micrometer spotsize allows for a virtually unlimited number of protein spots in a multipotent microarray. This new technology produces radically new photonics based microarray sensing technology and watermarking and has clear potential for biomedical, bioelectronic, surface chemistry, ...

2007-01-01

200

In-situ synthesis of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-gold nanoparticles composite films and its application in microfluidic systems.

A tick/rickettsial survey in various parts of Switzerland revealed the presence of a new, hitherto undescribed spotted fever group rickettsia ("Swiss agent") in up to 11.7% of I. ricinus collected off vegetation. Infection in ticks was found to be generalized with rickettsiae developing intracellularly and occasionally also intranuclearly. As a result of massive growth in ovarial tissues, including the germinative cells, the rate of transovarial and filial infection was 100%. The "Swiss agent" appears to be nonpathogenic for guinea pigs, domestic rabbits, and Swiss mice, but in male meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) it produces a microscopically detectable infection in the tunica vaginalis. The rickettsia grows well in tissue culture systems including chick embryo fibroblast, Vero, and vole tissue cells, when inoculated via yolk sac into 5-day-old hens' eggs, it kills 100% of the embryos after 5 to 7 days. Antigenic relatedness of the "Swiss agent" to ...

1979-12-01

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201

Highly specific antiserum for arginine vasopressin

We presented a simple approach for in-situ synthesis of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-gold nanoparticles composite film based on the special characteristics of PDMS itself. It is an environmentally safe synthesis method without the requirement of additional reducing/stabilizing agents. The region where the resulting gold nanoparticles distribute (in the matrix or on the surface of the polymer) and the size of the nanoparticles, as well as the colour of the free-standing films, can be simply controlled by adjusting the ratio of curing agent and the PDMS monomer. The chemical and optical properties of these composite films were studied. Using such a method, gold nanoparticle micropatterns on PDMS surfaces can be performed. And based on the gold nanoparticles micropattern, further modification with antibodies, antigens, enzymes and other biomolecules can be achieved. To verify this ability, an immobilized glucose oxidase (GOx) reactor in microchannels was built and ...

2007-11-14

202

Development of magnetic separation system of magnetoliposomes

A high sensitivity (titer 60-150,000) radioimmunoassay for arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been developed using synthetic AVP as antigen and standard. The specificity of the antiserum has been characterized in detail by measuring the relative binding affinities of 29 analogs and fragments of AVP. In general, single amino acid substitution or deletion in the AVP molecule caused a reduction in binding to the antiserum; binding was further impaired for analogs which had multiple substitutions. ''Ring'' and ''tail'' fragments of the neurohypophysial hormones did not bind to the antiserum, and the only analog which the antiserum could not differentiate from AVP was deamino-AVP. More specifically, the antiserum exhibited the following properties: position 1, no requirement for a position charge at "1/_2 Cys; positions 2 and 3, requirements for #pi#-#pi# interacting pair of aromatic side chains and for Tyr at position 2; position 4, requirement for Gln (>Thr > Val); ...

203

Detection of constitutive heterodimerization of the integrin Mac-1 subunits by fluorescence resonance energy transfer in living cells

The magnetic separation technology using sub-microsized ferromagnetic particle is indispensable in many areas of medical biosciences. For example, ferromagnetic particles (200-500 nm) are widely used for cell sorting in stem cell research with the use of cell surface-specific antigens. Nanosized ferromagnetic particles (10-20 nm) have been suggested as more suitable in drug delivery studies given their efficiency of tissue penetration, however, the magnetic separation method for them has not been established. One of the major reasons is that magnetic force acting on the object particles decreases drastically as a particle diameter becomes small. In this study, magnetic force acting on the targets was enhanced by the combination of superconducting magnet and the filter consisting of ferromagnetic particle. By doing so, we confirmed that Fe{sub 3}O{sub 4} of 20 nm in diameter was trapped in the magnetic filter under an external magnetic field of 0.5 T. Fe{sub 3}O{sub ...

2009-10-15

204

Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding human DNA topoisomerase II and localization of the gene to chromosome region 17q21-22

Macrophage differentiation antigen associated with complement three receptor function (Mac-1) belongs to #beta#_2 subfamily of integrins that mediate important cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Biochemical studies have indicated that Mac-1 is a constitutive heterodimer in vitro. Here, we detected the heterodimerization of Mac-1 subunits in living cells by means of two fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) techniques (fluorescence microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy) and our results demonstrated that there is constitutive heterodimerization of the Mac-1 subunits and this constitutive heterodimerization of the Mac-1 subunits is cell-type independent. Through FRET imaging, we found that heterodimers of Mac-1 mainly localized in plasma membrane, perinuclear, and Golgi area in living cells. Furthermore, through analysis of the estimated physical distances between cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) and yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) fused ...

2006-08-04

205

Interactions of Antibiotics and Methanolic Crude Extracts of Afzelia Africana (Smith.) Against Drug Resistance Bacterial Isolates

Two overlapping cDNA clones encoding human DNA topoisomerase II were identified by two independent methods. In one, a human cDNA library in phage {lambda} was screened by hybridization with a mixed oligonucleotide probe encoding a stretch of seven amino acids found in yeast and Drosophila DNA topoisomerase II; in the other, a different human cDNA library in a {lambda}gt11 expression vector was screened for the expression of antigenic determinants that are recognized by rabbit antibodies specific to human DNA topoisomerase II. The entire coding sequences of the human DNA topoisomerase II gene were determined from these and several additional clones, identified through the use of the cloned human TOP2 gene sequences as probes. Hybridization between the cloned sequences and mRNA and genomic DNA indicates that the human enzyme is encoded by a single-copy gene. The location of the gene was mapped to chromosome 17q21-22 by in situ hybridization of a cloned fragment to ...

1988-10-01

206

Heat loss due to incomplete combustion of agricultural residues

Infection due to multidrug resistance pathogens is difficult to manage due to bacterial virulence factors and because of a relatively limited choice of antimicrobial agents. Thus, it is imperative to...Full Text Available

207

Effect of household and village characteristics on financial catastrophe and impoverishment due to health care spending in Western and Central Rural China: A multilevel analysis

The methodology of constructing Nomographs for easy determination of heat loss due to incomplete combustion for a particular fuel has been presented in this article. The authors have worked out the Nomograph for jute stick and paddy straw.

1984-07-01

208

The Sustainment Management Support Project

ObjectiveThe study aimed to examine the effect of household and community characteristics on financial catastrophe and impoverishment due to health payment in Western and Central...Full Text Available

209

Neutrino viscosity in Bianchi type IX universes

... due to the evolving nature of the Strategy Maps and the changing priority roles, it was decided not to link the SMSP directly with any Strategic Plans. ...

2010-09-01

210

LAMINAR SEPARATION IN SUPERSONIC AND ...

The authors investigate the isotropization of anisotropic closed spaces and the entropy production due to neutrino viscosity. (Auth.).

211

Current Limiting Characteristics due to Application Location of a Superconducting Fault Current Limiter in a Simulated Power Distribution System

... Agard Report 272,1960 ... and reattached subsonic turbulent flows obtained downstream ... of flow separations due to deflected control surfaces. ...

1966-09-30

212

Comments on the possible effect of NO/sub X/ injection in the stratosphere due to atmospheric nuclear weapons tests

Full Text Available

2009-12-01

213

Page 1. This is a preprint of a paper intended for publication in a journal

1972-11-16

214

Brochure 1 - NASA

Regulation of expression of a soybean storage protein subunit gene. Progress report

exposed to persistent saltwater intrusion, a major factor in the decline of marsh ecosystems. The resulting increase in salinity from persistent flooding due to ...

215

In-vitro radioimmunoassay of prostate specific antigen (PSA) for the screening and management of prostate cancer in Lebanon

We have found that the methionine repression of the ..beta..-subunit gene expression is not due to degradation of the ..beta..-subunit but is due to an effect on synthesis of the ..beta..-subunit. The effect of methionine on the synthesis of the ..beta..-is due to an inhibition of ..beta..-subunit mRNA synthesis. 3 references, 1 figure.

1984-04-23

216

Validation of immune function testing during a 4-week oral toxicity study with FK506.

Full text: Immunoassays for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are used to detect early-stage prostate cancer, monitor disease progress, and evaluate therapeutic response. At least two forms of PSA, free PSA (F-PSA) and PSA complexed to alpha-1 anti-chymotrypsin (PSA-ACT) are detected by commercial PSA assays. The fraction of F-PSA is shown to be smaller in patients with untreated prostate cancer than in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Thus, combined measurements of both total and free PSA are used for a better discrimination between BPH and prostate cancer. Detection of PSA for screening of prostate cancer has been a subject of debate for many years. The reason of this debate is mainly because screening for prostate cancer is not cost-effective, as was shown by studies undertaken in Europe and United States. In Lebanon, no previous programs of screening for prostate cancer were done and so the incidence of this cancer is not known. Recently, the ...

2004-01-01

217

Recruitment of intestinal CD45RA+ and CD45RC+ cells induced by a candidate oral vaccine against porcine post-weaning colibacillosis.

Assessment of the immune system's capability to respond to antigens with the generation of specific antibodies, whilst under the influence of a test article, is required in toxicity tests according to the European guideline for repeated dose toxicity testing of medicinal products. The purpose of this study in rats was to validate methodology for the determination of Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin (KLH)-specific antibodies under the influence of an immunologically active compound. The immunosuppressant FK506, commercially available as Prograf, was administered orally (gavage) to five rats per sex per group at dosages of 0.5mg/kg per day or 3mg/kg per day, for a period of 4 weeks. On days 14 and 22, KLH was administered subcutaneously, with an adjuvant (AluGel), to the two treated groups and a control (i.e. without FK506 treatment) approximately 1h following administration of FK506. Terminal investigations included haematology parameters, titration of KLH-specific ...

2004-04-01

218

Photoaffinity labeling of ATP and NAD"+ binding sites on recombinant human interleukin 2

To assess the influence of a live attenuated oral vaccine against porcine post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC) induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) on mucosal lymphoid cell CD45 isoforms expression, experimental group of weaned pigs (n=6) was immunized orally with F4ac+ non-ETEC strain (day 0) and challenged with F4ac+ ETEC strain 7 days latter. Non-immunized ETEC-infected pigs (n=6) served as control. All pigs were killed on post-challenge day 7. The small intestine was excised for isolation of jejunal lamina propria (JLP) and ileal Peyer's patch (IPP) lymphocytes and immunohistochemical studies. The results obtained by immunophenotyping of isolated cells show that the proportion of CD45RA+ and CD45RC+ JLP, but not IPP, cells were higher in the non-ETEC-immunized ETEC-infected pigs versus non-immunized infected. Additionally, while CD45RA+ JLP cells increased only slightly, the expression of CD45RC isoform on the JLP cells was significantly higher (P< or =0.01) in the ...

2002-07-01

219

Murine antibody response to oral infection with live aroA recombinant Salmonella dublin vaccine strains expressing filamentous hemagglutinin antigen from Bordetella pertussis.

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a T-cell-derived lymphokine critical in the activation and proliferation of T cells, B cells, and lymphokine-activated killer cells. It is a glycoprotein of #approx#15,500 daltons that is synthesized and secreted after activation by antigen or mitogen. By using the analogs 8-azidoadensoine 5'-[#gamma#-"3"2P]triphosphate ([#gamma#-"3"2P]8N_3ATP) and nicotinamide 2-azidoadenine [adenylate-"3"2P]dinucleotide ([#alpha#-"3"2P]2N_3NAD"+) as photoaffinity probes, the authors have detected specific, metal ion-requiring nucleotide binding sites on recombinant human IL-2 (rhIL-2). The specificity of these nucleotide interactions with rhIL-2 was demonstrated by saturation effects and by competition by the parent nucleotides at physiologically relevant concentrations. Saturation of photoinsertion into rhIL-2 occurred at 50 #mu#M [#gamma#-"3"2P]8N_3ATP. Saturation of photoinsertion with [#alpha#-"3"2P]2N_3NAD"+ was observed at 180 #mu#M. The extent of ...

220

In vivo studies of the long-term "5"1Cr red cell survival of serologically incompatible red cell units

Two plasmids which express either nearly intact or truncated filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) from Bordetella pertussis and which are marked with a tetracycline resistance (Tcr) gene were transformed into Salmonella dublin SL1438, an aroA deletion mutant intended for use as an attenuated oral vaccine against salmonellosis. These S. dublin recombinants, when fed to mice, induced serum immunoglobulin, immunoglobulin M (IgM), and sometimes IgA antibody responses to FHA and S. dublin. In addition, IgA antibodies against FHA were found in gut wash fluids. S. dublin carrying pDB2300, a multicopy plasmid encoding truncated FHA protein, induced a better antibody response than did S. dublin carrying pDB2000, a low-copy-number plasmid encoding full-sized FHA. Administration of tetracycline to mice enhanced the stability of recombinant plasmids, and tetracycline-treated mice developed higher anti-FHA titers. Although neither strain examined is suitable for use in a human oral vaccine, these data ...

1990-08-01

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221

Human Mammary Luminal Epithelial Cells Contain Progenitors to Myoepithelial Cells

The long-term survival of serologically incompatible red cell units was measured in five patients with antibodies to high-frequency antigens. Initially, the survival of 1 ml of "5"1Cr-labeled incompatible red cells was measured over 1 hour. After demonstrating that the 1-hour survival times were successful (greater than 70%), each patient then received 5 ml of the same "5"1Cr-labeled red cells followed by the transfusion of the remainder of the red cell unit. The long-term T 1/2Cr survival for each case was patient 1 (anti-McCa), 15 days; patient 2 (anti-JMH), 12 days; patient 3 (anti-Kna), 31 days; patient 4 (anti-McCa), 12 days; and patient 5 (anti-Hya), 14 days. Each antibody tested in an in vitro homologous macrophage assay showed less than 5 percent phagocytosis. Anti-JMH was the only antibody to react with IgG subclass antisera and was determined to be IgG4. The macrophage assay, IgG subclass testing, and short-term (1 hour, 1 ml) "5"1Cr survival studies all ...

222

Genome analysis of F. nucleatum sub spp vincentii and its comparison with the genome of F. nucleatum ATCC 25586.

The origin of the epithelial and myoepithelial cells in the human breast has not been delineated. In this study we have addressed whether luminal epithelial cells and myoepithelial cells are vertically connected, i.e., whether one is the precursor for the other. We used a primary culture assay allowing preservation of basic phenotypic traits of luminal epithelial and myoepithelial cells in culture. The two cell types were then separated immunomagnetically using antibodies directed against lineage-specific cell surface antigens into at best 100% purity. The cellular identity was ascertained by cytochemistry, immunoblotting, and 2-D gel electrophoresis. Luminal epithelial cells were identified by strong expression of cytokeratins 18 and 19 while myoepithelial cells were recognized by expression of vimentin and {alpha}-smooth muscle actin. We used a previously devised culture medium (CDM4) that allows vigorous expansion of proliferative myoepithelial cells and also ...

1999-02-01

223

Curious Results with Palladium- and Platinum-Carrying Polymers in Mass Cytometry Bioassays and an Unexpected Application as a Dead Cell Stain.

We present the draft genome sequence and its analysis for Fusobacterium nucleatum sub spp. vincentii (FNV), and compare that genome with F. nucleatum ATCC 25586 (FN). A total of 441 FNV open reading frames (ORFs) with no orthologs in FN have been identified. Of these, 118 ORFs have no known function and are unique to FNV, whereas 323 ORFs have functional orthologs in other organisms. In addition to the excretion of butyrate, H2S and ammonia-like FN, FNV has the additional capability to excrete lactate and aminobutyrate. Unlike FN, FNV is likely to incorporate galactopyranose, galacturonate, and sialic acid into its O-antigen. It appears to transport ferrous iron by an anaerobic ferrous transporter. Genes for eukaryotic type serine/threonine kinase and phosphatase, transpeptidase E-transglycosylase Pbp1A are found in FNV but not in FN. Unique ABC transporters, cryptic phages, and three types of restriction-modification systems have been identified in FNV. ORFs for ...

2003-06-01

224

Antihuman growth hormone (GH) antibodies cross-react with the GH-like factor from plerocercoids of the tapeworm Spirometra mansonoides.

We describe the synthesis of metal-chelating polymers (MCPs) with four different pendant polyaminocarboxylate ligands (EDTA, DTPA, TTHA, DOTA) and an orthogonal end-group, either a fluorescein molecule or a bismaleimide linker for antibody attachment. Polymer characterization by a combination of (1)H NMR, UV/vis absorption measurements, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that each chain of the fluorescein-terminated polymers contained one dye molecule. These polymer samples were loaded with three different types of lanthanide ions as well as palladium and platinum ions. The numbers of metal atoms per chain were determined by a combination of UV/vis and conventional ICP-MS measurements. The experiments with lanthanide ions demonstrated that a net anionic charge on the polymer is important for water solubility. These experiments also showed that at least one type of lanthanide ion (La(3+)) is capable of forming a bimetallic complex with pendant DTPA groups. Conditions were ...

2011-09-28

225

A DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and all-trans retinoic acid reduce oral cavity carcinogenesis induced by the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide.

A factor produced by the plerocercoid stage of S. mansonoides mimics some, but not all, of the actions reported for hGH. The biological actions of plerocercoid growth factor (PGF) suggest structural similarity to human GH (hGH). Plerocercoid membranes were solubilized, and PGF was purified more than 1000-fold by hGH receptor affinity chromatography. The ability of purified PGF to displace [125I]hGH from monoclonal antibodies specific for four distinct nonoverlapping antigenic determinants of hGH and from an anti-hGH polyclonal antibody was tested in liquid phase RIA. All of the hGH antibodies cross-reacted with PGF, with potencies ranging from more than 60% to less than 1% that of the hGH standard. Of the four major epitopes of hGH defined by the monoclonal antibodies used in this study, only one is not represented to a significant extent in PGF. The epitope of hGH that is only marginally present in PGF is highly conformationally dependent, and a minor difference ...

1987-11-01

226

166Ho-HA evaluation as therapeutic agent for rheumatoid arthritis treatment

The transcriptional silencing of some cell cycle inhibitors and tumor suppressors, such as p16 and retinoic acid receptor beta(2), by DNA hypermethylation at CpG islands is commonly found in human oral squamous carcinoma cells. We examined the effects of the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza; 0.25 mg/kg body weight), all-trans retinoic acid (RA; given at 100 microg/kg body weight and 1 mg/kg body weight), and the combination of 5-Aza and the low-dose RA on murine oral cavity carcinogenesis induced by the carcinogen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) in a mouse model. All the drug treatments were done for 15 weeks after a 10-week 4-NQO treatment. Mice in all drug treatment groups showed decreases in the average numbers of neoplastic tongue lesions. The combination of 5-Aza and RA effectively attenuated tongue lesion severity. Although all drug treatments limited the increase in the percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive ...

2009-12-01

227

Problems involved in developing an index of harm

Aim: Rheumatoid arthritis is a limiting disease having, among its pathological features, the inflammation of synovial tissue with progressive and later destruction of the articulation. This leads to joint deformation and loss of its function, generating pain and reducing the mobility of the affected articulation. The aim was to evaluate "1"6"6Ho-Hydroxyapatite ("1"6"6 Ho-HA) as potential radiopharmaceutical for the symptomatic treatment of chronic and acute arthritis. Materials and Methods: Holmiun-166 was produced by irradiation of Ho_2O_3 at La Reina Research Reactor, Nuclear Chilean Energy Commission. Hydroxyapatite was in-house synthesized. Its labelling and quality controls follows the internationally accepted procedures. An antigen's arthritis was induced to eight New Zealand rabbits with the "1"6"6 Ho-HA radiochemical being administered thereafter in two dosage modalities (single and double). The compound therapeutic efficiency was evaluated based upon ...

2002-09-01

228

Variation in response to dexamethasone of a patient with Cushing's syndrome.

Death as a criterion (age distribution of occupational death; mean loss of life years due to radiation deaths); accidents at work (incidence of accidents of certain degrees of severity); total loss of working days due to accidents; occupational diseases; somatic and genetic radiation effects; radiation effects during pregnancy (incidence of pregnancies, ristes before implantation, hazards to the embryo, hazards to the foetus, total additional risk due to radiation exposure during pregnancy); age and sex dependence of risk figures; attempted formulation of an index of harm. (HP/orig.).

1979-01-01

229

Toxicological properties of lead.

A patient with Cushing's syndrome due to a nonresectable chromophobe adenoma underwent external irradiation of the hypothalamic-pituitary area. The signs of Cushing's syndrome ameliorated subsequently...Full Text Available

1976-11-06

230

Thermodynamics of Multivalent Interactions: Influence of the Linker

The pathological effects of lead on the renal, nervous, reproductive, endocrine, and immune systems have been reviewed. Emphasis is placed on reported subclinical effects due to chronic, low-level lead...Full Text Available

1977-08-01

231

The influence of EU policies on the evolution on coastal zones (Themati\\\\\\rc Study 'E')

This paper describes a thermodynamic analysis of multivalent interactions, with the goal of clarifying the influence of the linker on the enhancement in avidity due to multivalency. The use...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

232

The Burden of Trachoma in Ayod County of Southern Sudan

decline is due to EC measures introduced to control milk production (milk quotas, reduction in herd

233

Self-Development: An Important Aspect of Leader ...

BackgroundBlindness due to trachoma is avoidable through Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial hygiene and Environmental improvements (SAFE). Recent surveys have shown trachoma to be a serious...Full Text Available

234

Sacral haemangioma as a cause of coccydynia

... counseling, and by requiring raters and senior raters to review subordinate ILPs semi-annually and/or at the OER / NCOER due date. ...

2003-04-07

235

Public Health, Commissioned Corps

We report a 55-year-old woman with coccydynia due to a sacral mass. The histological diagnosis was haemangioma. The MRI findings and the unusual location of this lesion are discussed. (orig.)

1998-08-01

236

Prosthetic rehabilitation of hypophosphatasia: a case report

may experience difficulty opening the Facebook page due to current HHS policy and network security that blocks access to the site. Site Map - Contact Us - Linking to USPHS.gov -...

2011-10-16

237

Postpartum spontaneous colonic perforation due to antiphospholipid syndrome

Hypophosphatasia is a congenital disease characterized by deficiency of serum and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase activity. The disease occurs due to mutations in the liver/bone/kidney alkaline...Full Text Available

238

NASA Technical Paper 3487 ... - NASA Technical Reports Server

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a multi-systemic disease being characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies that involves both arterial and venous systems resulting in arterial...Full Text Available

2009-01-28

239

Multiple-shell planetary nebula formation

heat transfer augmentation was found to increase with decreasing length scale but no optimum length scale was found. Heat transfer augmentation due to turbu- ...

240

Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy Using Surgical Sonography

Predictions of the combination of our recent model for the formation of planetary nebulae (due to a diverging pulsational instability) together with nuclear-burning shell flashing, with regard to formation of multiple shells, are explored and discussed.

1980-11-15

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241

Microsoft Word - PressRelease Marine fuel 150711final21.doc

Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy is the procedure of choice for primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma. Localization of the offending adenoma in minimally invasive parathyroidectomy...Full Text Available

242

Managing Pain Caused By Neurological Disease

be extremely limited or even negative due to higher maritime transport costs leading to a modal shift back to

243

Management of primary sclerosing cholangitis

Stabbing paroxysmal pain due to neurological disease can often be controlled by anticonvulsants, whereas steady burning pain is often responsive to tricyclic antidepressants, and to neuroleptics. Overuse...Full Text Available

1985-08-01

244

Heavy Metals in Vehicles II

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver disease with major morbidity and mortality. Therapeutic management is difficult, due to lack of conclusive data and individual disease...Full Text Available

2011-06-27

245

Grains, components and mixtures in biomedical ontologies

Hexavalent chromium in corrosion preventive coating 64 ...To prevent corrosion of rims, weights can be provided with a coating. ...integrated clips brought up technical problems due to corrosion

246

Functional Consequences of Sarcopenia and Dynapenia in the Elderly

BackgroundIn biomedical ontologies, mereological relations have always been subject to special interest due to their high relevance in structural descriptions of anatomical entities,...Full Text Available

247

Evaluation of Two Microclimate Cooling Air Vests on a Heated ...

Purpose of reviewThe economic burden due to the sequela of sarcopenia (muscle wasting in the elderly) are staggering and rank similarly to the costs...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

248

Effects and side-effects of integrating care: the case of mental health care in the Netherlands

... If the MCAV is used in conjunction with a cooling system designed for the CVC air vest, the wearer would receive more cooling due entirely to the ...

1992-12-01

249

E-11775 Cover set - Glenn Research Center - NASA

PurposeDescription and analysis of the effects and side-effects of integrated mental health care in the Netherlands.Context of caseDue...Full Text Available

250

Diagnostic Value of C-reactive Protein in Complicated Appendicitis

be due to flow separation and reattachment, rather than transition. The analysis predicted a .... lations of Transonic Fan Performance," AGARD Propulsion ...

251

Development of a universal plate-agglutination test for detecting Haemophilus parasuis

PurposeEarly detection of appendicitis has increased due to development of computed tomography and ultrasonography, yet we are frequently meeting complicated appendicitis, including...Full Text Available

2011-06-01

252

Deforestation Plays Critical Climate Change Role - NASA Earth ...

Due to the serovar diversity in Haemophilus (H.) parasuis, it is difficult to develop a universal serological method for detection of this pathogen....Full Text Available

2010-12-01

253

CoSpell CheckSpell Checkherent Charge Qubits Based on ...

May 11, 2007 ... "Deforestation in the tropics accounts for nearly 20 per cent of carbon emissions due to human activities," Dr. Canadell says. ...

254

Chronic toxicity of environmental contaminants: sentinels and biomarkers.

... We considered spontaneous radiation of quanta and acoustic phonons (both due to deformational and piezoelectric electron-phonon interaction ...

2000-06-23

255

Center for Advanced Sensors Year Two Funding (FY2006)

Due to the use of a limited number of species and subchronic exposures, current ecological hazard assessment processes can underestimate the chronic toxicity of environmental contaminants resulting...Full Text Available

1997-02-01

256

Calcium-Actin Waves and Oscillations of Cellular Membranes

... a Networked Embedded Sensing Toolkit (MSR Sense ... edging due to mis-registration than the ... Langrebe, Signal theory in multisensor remote sensing ...

2008-02-26

257

AbstractWe propose a mechanism for the formation of membrane oscillations and traveling waves, which arise due to the coupling between the actin cytoskeleton and the calcium flux through...Full Text Available

2009-09-16

258

CURRICULUM VITAE

CHEMICAL LEUCODERMA: INDIAN SCENARIO, PROGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT

... 84. Fields BS, Haupt T, Davis JP, Arduino MJ, Butler JC. Pontiac fever due to Legionella micdadei from a whirlpool spa: Possible role of bacterial endotoxin. ...

259

Behavior study of polyphenols from Maytenus aquifolium due to X and gamma radiations; Estudo do comportamento dos polifenois de espinheira santa (Maytenus aquifolium) frente as radiacoes x e {gamma}

Chemical leucoderma is an industrial disorder in developed countries and the common causative chemicals are phenols and catechols. Due to stringent controls and preventive measures the incidence has...Full Text Available

2010-07-01

260

Arterial and Venous Thrombosis in Cancer Patients

Short communication.

1995-12-31

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261

The most frequent ultimate cause of death is myocardial arrest. In many cases this is due to myocardial hypoxia, generally arising from failure of the coronary macro- and microcirculation to deliver...Full Text Available

262

Antimony Toxicity

Animal Models for Radiation Injury, Protection and Therapy

Antimony toxicity occurs either due to occupational exposure or during therapy. Occupational exposure may cause respiratory irritation, pneumoconiosis, antimony spots on the skin and gastrointestinal...Full Text Available

2010-12-01

263

A case of vesical leiomyoma and acute urinary obstruction.

... radiation during clinical therapy and exposures due to radiation accidents or attacks, in which the doses are uncontrolled ... only be used off-label in victims of radiation accidents or attacks. The idea...

264

120-MM Gun Tube Erosion Including Surface Chemistry ...

A case of acute urinary retention due to a vesical leiomyoma is described. This is an unusual presentation and the treatment is discussed.ImagesFull Text Available

1983-06-01

265

Waste management and degradability

... with dynamic gridding capability to account for material ablation, as well as the addition of energy sources and heat transfer augmentation due to ...

1997-10-01

266

Thermodynamics of superconductors with a disorder induced increased Coulomb repulsion

Landscape visive pollution due to photo-biodegradable plastic bags is assessed in an ideal case, the most favorable to their use. The result is that mean permanent visive pollution is 100 times higher than established norms. Both photo and biodegradability of plastic bags in the real world are discussed. The conclusion is that photo-biodegradability does not solve the problem of landscape visive pollution due to plastic bags.

1987-01-01

267

Technique of account of a leak's probability of a steam generator due to destruction of a studs of a collector cover

It is shown that thermodynamic properties can be used to determine whether, the degradation in Tsub(c) with increasing disorder observed in some A-15 compounds, is due to a reduction in electronic density of states and/or electron-phonon interaction or is due instead to an increase in Coulomb repulsion ..mu..* coming from increased localization as suggested by Anderson et al.

1985-03-01

268

Supersonic flutter of composite sandwich panels

The approach estimating the leak probability of flanged joint due to the destruction of fastening studs is described. The mentioned approach consists of two stages. The probability of destroying one stud is calculated at the first stage, and the probability of different combination interpositions of intact and destroyed studs is calculated at the second one. The probability calculation of leak in the area of collector cover of steam generator PGV-1000 is used as an example of developed approach

2007-06-01

269

Oxygen-induced enhancement of the adsorptive capacity of activated charcoal

A flutter-motion equation is presently derived for a 2D composite sandwich panel considering the total lateral displacement of the plate as the sum of the displacement due to bending of the plate, and that which is due to shear deformation at the core. The effects of core thickness and stacking sequence of the faces on the flutter boundary of the plate are discussed; it is shown that the sandwich panel greatly improves the flutter boundary over that of a composite laminate panel, provided it has sufficient core thickness.

1992-12-01

270

On turbulent transport in burning plasmas

Adsorption isotherms for phenol and o-cresol on activated charcoal at neutral pH and several dissolved oxygen concentrations were conducted at 23{degree}C. Significant improvements in capacities were observed with increasing dissolved oxygen concentrations for the two adsorbates. These statistically-significant additional capacities were not due to biological activities but merely due to surface chemical reactions. The improvement in capacity was directly related to the amount of oxygen per unit mass of GAC.

1992-02-01

271

Observations of photon echo enhancement in an ultraslow light regime

The change of the transport coefficient due to the fusion energy source is studied. The scale invariance property of the reduced set of equations is investigated in the presence of the self-heating term due to the fusion reaction. The pressure gradient as well as the fusion power are the free energy sources that dictate the turbulent transport. It is shown that the burning transport coefficient can have a form with much wider variety, and that the transport property could be different owing to the self-heating by the fusion reactions. (author)

2000-03-01

272

Hydrothermal synthesis of tobermorite/hydroxyapatite composites

Using spectral hole-burning-based ultraslow group velocity in a dilute solid medium, we report enhanced photon echo efficiency three orders of magnitude higher than that in a nonslow light regime. The enhancement is due to exponentially increased absorption of an optical data pulse owing to the enhanced photon-atom interaction in an ultraslow light regime, whereas echo reabsorption is negligibly small due to group-velocity dependent population depletion.

2011-01-01

273

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A tobermorite/hydroxyapatite composite was prepared by hydrothermal treatment using diatomaceous earth, ?-tricalcium phosphate and slaked lime starting materials. The XRD patterns of the composite confirmed that tobermorite and hydroxyapatite were formed after the hydrothermal process. The bending strength of the composite reached a level higher than 9?MPa after the hydrothermal process. The development of the bending strength was due to the formation of tobermorite and hydroxyapatite during the hydrothermal process. The composite had a high specific surface area due to these newly formed crystals.

2008-01-01

274

Fault prediction on high voltage transmission lines

Effective fracture toughness of microcracked materials

The prediction of faults on high voltage transmission lines requires the detection of incipient faults, which is implemented by detection of the radio noise due to contaminated insulators, insulation deterioration, and improver connections. It is shown that the radio noise due to incipient faults is separable and identifiable from normal transmission line radio noise, hence faults can be predicted.

1982-12-01

275

Development of breeder reactors in Japan

Explicit analytical formulas are derived for the stress intensity factors at the tips of a main crack and of a microcrack for the two-dimensional case of a collinear microcrack. This configuration is used to derive an estimate of the toughness degradation due to microcracks linking up with an advancing main crack. The implications of this estimate for theoretical predictions of the toughening due to stress-induced microcracking are discussed.

1986-03-01

276

Corrections for non-homogeneity of the sample in Moessbauer f-factor measurements

In the framework of a global analysis of the various available sources of energy, Japan has reserved a prominent place to the nuclear energy, and in the long-term view, to the breeder reactor which will be due for commercial deployment in 2010. To achieve these objectives, three stages are envisaged, one of the experimental reactor Joyo (in service), one of the demonstration reactor Monju (its construction has been decided), and one of the pre-commercial reactor (due to be taken in hand at the beginning of the Nineties). Efforts will be made in parallel concerning the fuel cycle.

1984-01-01

277

Computer modeling of two-phase flow

We describe a procedure for correcting the systematic errors in the Moessbauer f-factor measurement due to non-homogeneous effective thickness of the sample. To be more precise, we show that, if the mass of the sample is determined by means of X- or {gamma}-ray absorption, it is possible to establish experimental conditions so that the error on f due to material non-homogeneity in the sample is minimized.

2002-06-01

278

Catalyst: Dietary Supplements - ABC TV Science

The accelerating flow of a lighter continuous phase through a heavier one is considered. Small nonuniformities grow into large ones due to the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. An experiment exemplifying the large bubble formation due to Rayleigh-Taylor instability was performed and simulated using the PHOENICS 84 computer code. The same numerical procedure was applied to the two-phase flow in a gun barrel. It shows that the acceleration provided by the movement of the projectile can cause initial nonuniformities to grow with time.

1986-10-01

279

Assessment of internal contamination due to gamma emitters at nuclear power stations of Tarapur

... However blaming vitamin supplements on deaths, or mortality is silly, as the studies are not exactly kosher. Vitamin C in 2,000mg is good for allergies, and niacin (b3) in 10,0000mg is good for depression. This is all examples on how vitamin supplements can help. I call it a security blanket, as food these days is not so good due vitamin and mineral damage due to light, or storage. By the time we eat the apple from the supermarket, there is minimal vitamin and ...

280

Air pollutant emissions due to energy utilization in Turkey

Personal monitoring and dose assessment of all radiation workers is an essential regulatory requirement as per radiation safety procedures of AERB and operating stations. The occupational workers of TAPS 1 and 2 and TAPS 3 and 4 are monitored for internal contamination due to high energy gamma emitters by whole body counting

2010-02-03

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281

Synthesis and characterization of myristic acid capped silver nanoparticles

Pollutant emissions due to fossil fuel and biomass energy utilization in Turkey have been estimated. Standard emission factors were used for estimating the levels of particulate matter, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and aldehydes. The results are presented for different fuels and energy-consuming sectors for the reference year 1987. Total Turkish emissions vs energy consumption are presented for every fifth year since. 1960. (author).

282

Somatic effects in nuclear medicine and radiology

Reduction of silver myristate (AgMy) under mild thermal reaction conditions in a dipolar aprotic solvent i.e. N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) has been carried out. UV-visible absorption measurements of dried and re-dispersible brown flocculants showed broad features of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) due to silver nanoparticles. The freshly isolated particles showed absorption bands at 414 and 485 nm, respectively, due to inter-particle coupling or clustering of silver ions and silver atoms. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of fcc zero-valent silver resulted in crystallite size of about 10 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed formation of rod shaped silver with increasing reaction temperature. Thermal analysis (TGA) showed about 10% weight loss due to organic capping.

2008-08-15

283

Quantum adiabatic theorem for chemical reactions and systems with time-dependent orthogonalization

Probable risks for the occurrence of somatic effects due to diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine are summarised. The biological background of radiation carcinogenesis and epidemiological results are discussed. At the Leiden University Medical Centre the average effective dose per examination due to diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine amount to 0.95 and 4.4 mSv, respectively. These values correspond well with the average values of 0.82 and 3.0 mSv reported for The Netherlands as a whole. Since radiological examinations are performed at a much larger frequency than nuclear medicine the relative collective dose for the first type of examinations is higher than the latter. Risk for occurency of malignancies are at least one order of magnitude lower than the hypothetical risk due to the background radiation typical of The Netherlands.

1999-01-01

284

Fundamental reasons for the good performance of Alloy 800 in nuclear steam generators

A general quantum adiabatic theorem with and without the time-dependent orthogonalization is proven, which can be applied to understand the origin of activation energies in chemical reactions. Further proofs are also developed for the oscillating Schwinger Hamiltonian to establish the relationship between the internal (due to time-dependent eigenfunctions) and external (due to time-dependent Hamiltonian) time scales. We prove that this relationship needs to be taken as an independent quantum adiabatic approximation criterion. We give four examples, including logical expositions based on the spin-1/2 two-level system to address the gapped and gapless (due to energy level crossings) systems, as well as to understand how does this theorem allows one to study dynamical systems such as chemical reactions.

2011-01-01

285

var gene transcription and PfEMP1 expression in the rosetting and cytoadhesive Plasmodium falciparum clone FCR3S1.2

It is hypothesized that the good performance of Alloy 800 in steam generator service is due to its relative immunity to two distinct mechanisms of stress corrosion cracking; the argument also applies to intergranular corrosion. One mechanism operates in the high-nickel region (Alloy 600 and nearby model alloys) and is due to internal intergranular oxidation. The other operates in the low-nickel (stainless steel) region and is due to de-alloying of Fe and/or Cr. This latter mechanism may, under special conditions, operate in high-Ni, high-Cr alloys such as 690. Some essential features of the de-alloying mechanism are demonstrated using strong caustic solutions, and the prospect of extending this approach to dilute high-temperature environments is discussed. (author)

2007-07-01

286

X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus mutations in North America and the Hopewell hypothesis.

BackgroundThe pathogenicity of Plasmodium falciparum is in part due to the ability of the parasitized red blood cell (pRBC) to adhere to intra-vascular host cell...Full Text Available

287

Variability In Motor Learning: Relocating, Channeling and Reducing Noise

In X-linked nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) the urine of male patients is not concentrated after the administration of the antidiuretic hormone arginine-vasopressin. This disease is due to mutations...Full Text Available

1993-09-01

288

Using a Pan-Viral Microarray Assay (Virochip) to Screen Clinical Samples for Viral Pathogens

Variability in motor performance decreases with practice but is never entirely eliminated, due in part to inherent motor noise. The present study develops a method that quantifies how performers...Full Text Available

2009-02-01

289

Universal Camouflage for the Future Warrior.

The diagnosis of viral causes of many infectious diseases is difficult due to the inherent sequence diversity of viruses as well as the ongoing emergence of novel viral pathogens, such as SARS coronavirus...Full Text Available

290

Ultrabiomicroscopic-Histopathologic Correlations in Individuals with Autosomal Dominant Congenital Microcoria: Three-Generation Family Report

Due to increased deployments with varied missions and new technologies/advanced threats against U.S. Soldiers, a clear need arose for developing camouflage pattern(s) to enhance the Warfighter's survivability' on the modern battlefield. Based on these tec...

2004-01-01

291

Tuning and controlling gene expression noise in synthetic gene networks

BackgroundCongenital microcoria (CMC) is due to a maldevelopment of the dilator pupillae muscle of the iris, with a pupil diameter of less than 2 mm. It is associated with juvenile...Full Text Available

292

Traumatic extremity arterial injury in children: Epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment and prognostic value of Mangled Extremity Severity Score

Synthetic gene networks can be used to control gene expression and cellular phenotypes in a variety of applications. In many instances, however, such networks can behave unreliably due to gene expression...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

293

Transforming growth factor-beta signaling in thoracic aortic aneurysm development: a paradox in pathogenesis

BackgroundTraumatic paediatric arterial injuries are a great challenge due to low incidence and specific characteristics of paediatric anatomy and physiology. The aim of the present...Full Text Available

294

Transcriptome Profiling of a Toxic Dinoflagellate Reveals a Gene-Rich Protist and a Potential Impact on Gene Expression Due to Bacterial Presence

Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) are potentially devastating, and due to their asymptomatic behavior, pose a serious health risk characterized by the lack of medical treatment options and high...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

295

Tone-Specific and Nonspecific Plasticity of the Auditory Cortex Elicited by Pseudoconditioning: Role of Acetylcholine Receptors and the Somatosensory Cortex

BackgroundDinoflagellates are unicellular, often photosynthetic protists that play a major role in the dynamics of the Earth's oceans and climate. Sequencing of dinoflagellate nuclear...Full Text Available

296

Therapeutic potential of RNA interference in pain medicine

Experience-dependent plastic changes in the central sensory systems are due to activation of both the sensory and neuromodulatory systems. Nonspecific changes of cortical auditory neurons elicited by...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

297

Theoretical Design of a Gene Therapy To Prevent AIDS but Not Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

In recent years RNA interference (RNAi) has rapidly become the most widely used tool for gene knockdown due to its high specificity and potency. RNAi is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

298

The two power limits conditioning step frequency in human running.

Recent reports confirm that, due to the presence of long-lived, latently infected cell populations, eradication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from infected patients by using antiretroviral...Full Text Available

2003-09-01

299

The role of gene expression in ecological speciation

1. At high running speeds, the step frequency becomes lower than the apparent natural frequency of the body's bouncing system. This is due to a relative increase of the vertical component of the muscular...Full Text Available

1991-06-01

300

The impact of linac output variations on dose distributions in helical tomotherapy

Ecological speciation is the process by which barriers to gene flow between populations evolve due to adaptive divergence via natural selection. A relatively unexplored area in ecological speciation...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

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301

The effect of deposits on the tubes of a horizontal steam generator on its thermal-hydraulic characteristics

It has been suggested for quality assurance purposes that linac output variations for helical tomotherapy (HT) be within ±2% of the long-term average. Due to cancellation of systematic...Full Text Available

2008-01-21

302

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Analytical relations are obtained for estimating how the distributions of temperature and heat flux vary along a steam-generating tube and how the steam-generator power output reduces due to formation and accumulation of deposits.

2007-01-01

303

The effect of deposits on the tubes of a horizontal steam generator on its thermal-hydraulic characteristics

The causes, consequences, and treatment of left or right heart failure

Analytical relations are obtained for estimating how the distributions of temperature and heat flux vary along a steam-generating tube and how the steam-generator power output reduces due to formation and accumulation of deposits.

2007-12-01

304

The Use of Zirconium and Feldspathic Porcelain in the Management of the Severely Worn Dentition: A Case Report

Chronic heart failure (HF) is a cardiovascular disease of cardinal importance because of several factors: a) an increasing occurrence due to the aging of the population, primary and secondary prevention...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

305

The Genetic Basis of Cellular Morphogenesis in the Filamentous Fungus Neurospora crassa

The management of the interim phase of a complete oral rehabilitation in patients with severely worn dentition is often challenging due to the loss of occlusal vertical dimension, loss of tooth structure,...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

306

The Experimental Determination of the Thermodynamic and Hydrodynamic Mechanism of Augmented Flow Boiling in Tubes.

Cellular polarity is a fundamental property of every cell. Due to their extremely fast growth rate (≥1 μm/s) and their highly elongated form, filamentous fungi represent a prime example...Full Text Available

2003-11-01

307

The Characterisation of Three Types of Genes that Overlie Copy Number Variable Regions

Experimental results are presented for a new and unique heat transfer augmentation technique in tubes. The technique consists of inserting a porous mesh structure into the flow passage of the tube. Due to the increased degree of turbulence, both the singl...

1970-01-01

308

Telephone reliability of the Frenchay Activity Index and EQ-5D amongst older adults

BackgroundDue to the increased accuracy of Copy Number Variable region (CNV) break point mapping, it is now possible to say with a reasonable degree of confidence whether a gene...Full Text Available

309

Studies Supporting Development of a Modified Gradient Equation for Lumped-Parameter Interior Ballistic Codes.

BackgroundOlder adults may find it problematic to attend hospital appointments due to the difficulty associated with travelling to, within and from a hospital facility for the purpose...Full Text Available

310

Stem Cell Research Policies around the World

Test firings of 120-mm rounds were performed to characterize effects due to the combustible cartridge cases used. Comparisons were made between measured ballistic parameters, especially gas pressures, and those predicted by computerized simulation calcula...

1988-01-01

311

Spinal Cord Stimulation for Intractable Visceral Pain due to Chronic Pancreatitis

The proliferation of stem cell research, conflated with its ethical and moral implications, has led governments to attempt regulation of both the science and funding of stem cells. Due to a diversity...Full Text Available

2009-09-01

312

Single Molecule Source Reagents for CVD of Beta Silicon Carbide.

Pain caused by chronic pancreatitis is medically intractable and resistant to conventional interventional or surgical treatment. We report a case of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for intractable pain...Full Text Available

2009-08-01

313

Simultaneous Reactivation of Ultraviolet Damage in Xanthium Leaves ¹

Beta silicon carbide is an excellent candidate semiconductor material for demanding applications in high power and high temperature electronic devices due to its high breakdown voltage, relatively large band gap, high thermal conductivity and high melting...

1991-01-01

314

Signature splitting and configuration assignments in three-quasiparticle rotational bands

Experiments on Xanthium leaf discs were carried out to determine whether concomitant photoreactivation could be detected and if so, to compare its effects with photoreactivation due...Full Text Available

1969-12-01

315

Severe Hypocalcemia due to Vitamin D Deficiency after Extended Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

There are 173 three quasiparticle rotational bands, out of which 38 bands display signature splitting and sometimes a signature inversion also. The observed signature splitting is basically due to the higher order Coriolis coupling and calculation based on particle rotor model (PRM) are in progress

2003-12-01

316

Set of equations for stress-mediated evolution of the nonequilibrium dopant-defect system in semiconductor crystals

Vitamin D deficiency is a well-known comorbidity of obesity that can be exacerbated after bariatric surgery and can predispose the patient for hypocalcemia. Vitamin D and calcium doses to prevent and...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

317

Set of equations for stress-mediated evolution of the nonequilibrium dopant-defect system in semiconductor crystals

A set of equations describing a stress-mediated evolution of the nonequilibrium dopant-defect system has been derived and analyzed. Together with coupled diffusion of dopant atoms and point defects, we consider the drift of all mobile species in different charge states, namely vacancies, self-interstitials, and pairs 'dopant atom-point defect', in the field of stress. It has been shown that stresses may affect the diffusion of dopant atoms mainly in two ways: (1) directly, due to the drift of the pairs in the field of stress; (2) indirectly, by the formation of nonuniform defect distribution due to the drift of point defects. On this basis, various features of doping processes, such as phenomena of 'uphill' impurity diffusion near the surface (within the framework of the first or second mechanisms) and the peculiarities of high concentration phosphorus diffusion (due to the second ...

2004-11-17

318

Seroprevalence of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection among children diagnosed with protein-calorie malnutrition in Nigeria.

A set of equations describing a stress-mediated evolution of the nonequilibrium dopant-defect system has been derived and analyzed. Together with coupled diffusion of dopant atoms and point defects, we consider the drift of all mobile species in different charge states, namely vacancies, self-interstitials, and pairs 'dopant atom-point defect', in the field of stress. It has been shown that stresses may affect the diffusion of dopant atoms mainly in two ways: (1) directly, due to the drift of the pairs in the field of stress; (2) indirectly, by the formation of nonuniform defect distribution due to the drift of point defects. On this basis, various features of doping processes, such as phenomena of 'uphill' impurity diffusion near the surface (within the framework of the first or second mechanisms) and the peculiarities of high concentration phosphorus diffusion (due to the second mechanism), can be explained. Numerical ...

2004-11-17

319

Sequential effects in two-choice reaction time tasks: Decomposition and synthesis of mechanisms

Excessive weight loss due to protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) is a significant problem in Nigerian children. This syndrome may be difficult to differentiate from the wasting disease caused by human...Full Text Available

1993-04-01

320

Robust Defense Against Small Boat Attacks.

Performance on serial tasks is influenced by first- and higher-order sequential effects, respectively due to the immediately previous and earlier trials. As response-to-stimulus interval (RSI)...Full Text Available

2009-09-01

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321

Relationship between petal abscission and programmed cell death in Prunus yedoensis and Delphinium belladonna

Nearly a decade after the small boat attacks against the USS Cole (in 2000) and M/V Limburg (in 2002) in Yemen, small vessels continue to pose a security threat. In part, this is due to the ease of camouflage and the high frequency of small vessels operat...

2010-01-01

322

Relations between respiratory symptoms and sickness among workers in the animal feed industry.

Depending on the species, the end of flower life span is characterized by petal wilting or by abscission of petals that are still fully turgid. Wilting at the end of petal life is due to programmed...Full Text Available

2007-10-01

323

Reduced PCR Sensitivity Due to Impaired DNA Recovery with the MagNA Pure LC Total Nucleic Acid Isolation Kit

OBJECTIVE--The survey aimed at studying the associations between prevalent respiratory symptoms in an occupational population and sickness absence due to respiratory disorders. METHODS--A cross sectional...Full Text Available

1994-07-01

324

Recent changes in the epidemiology and management of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

The increasing demand for molecular diagnostics in clinical microbiology laboratories necessitates automated sample processing. In the present study, we evaluated the performance of the MagNA Pure LC...Full Text Available

2005-09-01

325

Recent acquisitions in the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation

Since 2000, Escherichia coli producing CTX-M enzymes (especially CTX-M-15) have emerged worldwide as important causes of community-onset urinary tract and blood stream infections due...Full Text Available

326

Reaction of human albumin with aspirin in vitro: mass spectrometric identification of acetylated lysines 199, 402, 519, and 545

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a disorder characterized by both acute generalized, widespread activation of coagulation, which results in thrombotic complications due to the intravascular...Full Text Available

327

Radiation exposure due to X-rays of the hip joint in babies

The aspirin esterase activity of human plasma is due to butyrylcholinesterase and albumin. Our goal was to identify the amino acid residues involved in the aspirin esterase activity of albumin....Full Text Available

2010-03-01

328

Propagation Effects Handbook for Satellite Systems - DESCANSO - NASA

Exact anatomic knowledge about the location of the gonads and the application of corresponding measures of radiation protection are the preconditions for an efficient reduction of the danger of a possible genetic damage as a result of radiation exposition during X-ray examination of the hip joint of newborns. (VJ).

329

Primary pulmonary osteosarcoma treated by thoracoscopy-assisted lung resection in a dog

time as well, due to the complex patterns of air movement taking place within cumulus clouds. ...... cumulative distribution of XPD, for rain and ice-particle induced ...... CCIR (1986f), Attenuation by Hydrometeors, In Particular ...

330

Preparation and Evaluation of Microencapsulated Fast Melt Tablets of Ambroxol Hydrochloride

A 6-year-old female, intact boxer presented with acute respiratory distress due to a mass in the left cranial thorax. The tumor, which originated in the left ...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

331

Post traumatic stress symptoms and heart rate variability in Bihar flood survivors following yoga: a randomized controlled study

Natural resources in general and plant materials in particular are receiving more attention due to their safety as pharmaceutical excipients. Present work assessed the potential of a natural polysaccharide,...Full Text Available

2009-05-01

332

Phonon density of states in V_3Si

BackgroundAn earlier study showed that a week of yoga practice was useful in stress management after a natural calamity. Due to heavy rain and a rift on the banks of the Kosi river,...Full Text Available

333

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for migrated disc herniation: classification of disc migration and surgical approaches

The observation by inelastic neutron scattering techniques of a high energy peak in the phonon spectrum (14 THz) of V_3Si is reported, and is attributed to a peak in the phonon density of states due to vanadium motions by the incoherent inelastic neutron scattering process.

1988-12-01

334

Peak flow rate records in the diagnosis of occupational asthma due to colophony.

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for migrated disc herniations is technically demanding due to the absence of the technical guideline. The purposes of this study were to propose a radiologic...Full Text Available

2007-03-01

335

Outpatient percutaneous coronary intervention: Ready for prime time?

Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) has been measured hourly from waking to sleeping in 29 workers with respiratory symptoms exposed to the fumes of soft soldering fluxes containing colophony (pine resin)....Full Text Available

1979-06-01

336

Outcomes Associated with Race in Males with Nondialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease

Outpatient practice after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is gaining momentum due to constantly optimizing results. Furthermore, the availability of limited beds to handle the large volume...Full Text Available

2007-10-01

337

Occupational health priorities for health standards: the current NIOSH approach.

Background and objectives: Blacks are over-represented among dialysis patients, but they have better survival rates than whites. It is unclear if the over-representation of blacks on dialysis is due...Full Text Available

2009-05-01

338

Novel Human Erythrovirus Associated with Transient Aplastic Anemia

Government agencies responsible for protecting the public from the adverse effects of toxic chemicals must set priorities for research, regulatory action, protocol testing, and monitoring due to the...Full Text Available

1979-05-01

339

Novel Cefotaximase (CTX-M-16) with Increased Catalytic Efficiency Due to Substitution Asp-240?Gly

Erythrovirus (formerly parvovirus) B19 causes a wide range of diseases in humans, including anemia due to aplastic crisis. Diagnosis of B19 infection relies on serology and the detection of viral DNA...Full Text Available

1999-08-01

340

Nonlinear response of superconductors to alternating fields and currents

Three clinical strains (Escherichia coli Rio-6, E. coli Rio-7, and Enterobacter cloacae Rio-9) collected in 1996 and 1999 from hospitals in Rio de...Full Text Available

2001-08-01

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341

Myofibrillogenesis in the developing zebrafish heart: A functional study of tnnt2

This report discusses the following topics on superconductivity: nonlinearities in hard superconductors such as surface impedance of a type II superconductimg half space and harmonic generation and intermodulation due to alternating transport currents; and nonlinearities in superconducting weak links such as harmonic generation by a long Josephson Junction in a superconducting slab.

1997-10-08

342

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Chaperonin 10 Is Secreted in the Macrophage Phagosome: Is Secretion Due to Dissociation and Adoption of a Partially Helical Structure at the Membrane?

Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the molecule processes of sarcomere assembly, partially due to the lack of systematic genetic studies of sarcomeric genes in an in vivo...Full Text Available

2009-07-15

343

Multiple mechanisms account for lower plasma iron in young copper deficient rats

To confirm that Mycobacterium tuberculosis chaperonin 10 (Cpn10) is secreted outside the live bacillus, infected macrophages were examined by electron microscopy. This revealed that...Full Text Available

2003-07-01

344

Multidrug resistant Kluyvera ascorbata septicemia in an adult patient: a case report

Copper deficiency lowers brain copper and iron during development. The reduced iron content could be due to hypoferremia. Experiments were conducted to evaluate plasma iron and “ferroxidase”...Full Text Available

2008-06-01

345

Morbidity in relation to stage of diabetic nephropathy in type-2 diabetic patients.

IntroductionKluyvera ascorbata has become increasingly significant due to its potential to cause a wide range of infections, as well as its ability to transfer gene...Full Text Available

346

Molecular breeding of cereals for aluminium resistance

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Type-2 diabetic patients have excessive cardiovascular mortality, primarily related to diabetic nephropathy. The extent of the morbidity due to nephropathy in type-2 diabetes mellitus...Full Text Available

2003-11-01

347

Mitochondrial DNA repair and association with aging - an update

Aluminium (Al3+) toxicity is the primary factor limiting crop production on acidic soils worldwide. In addition to an application of lime for soil amelioration, Al3+ resistant plant varieties have been deployed to raise productivity on such hostile soils. This has been possible due to the exploita...

348

Media reporting of tenofovir trials in Cambodia and Cameroon

Mitochondrial DNA is constantly exposed to oxidative injury. Due to its location close to the main site of reactive oxygen species, the inner mitochondrial membrane, mtDNA is more susceptible...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

349

Mathematically Gifted Adolescents Have Deficiencies in Social Valuation and Mentalization

BackgroundTwo planned trials of pre-exposure prophylaxis tenofovir in Cambodia and Cameroon to prevent HIV infection in high-risk populations were closed due to activist pressure...Full Text Available

350

Malfunction of a Heimlich flutter valve causing tension pneumothorax: case report of a rare complication

Many mathematically gifted adolescents are characterized as being indolent, underachieving and unsuccessful despite their high cognitive ability. This is often due to difficulties with social and emotional...Full Text Available

351

MRI features of epidural extramedullary hematopoiesis

BackgroundThoracic injuries play an important role in major trauma patients due to their high incidence and critical relevance. A serious consequence of thoracic trauma is pneumothorax,...Full Text Available

352

Lower extremity vascular stenting for a post-traumatic pseudoaneurysm in a young trauma patient

A case of {beta}-thalassemia intermedia with spinal cord compression due to extramedullary hematopoiesis, which was successfully treated by blood transfusion, is presented. Emphasis was made on the MRI appearance of extramedullary hematopoiesis on different pulse sequences. The theories that aimed to explain the involvement of the epidural space by extramedullary hematopoiesis are discussed.

2000-07-01

353

Lethal Silver-Haired Bat Rabies Virus Infection Can Be Prevented by Opening the Blood-Brain Barrier?

Endovascular treatment of post-traumatic pseudoaneurysms has become a viable, less invasive option when compared to open repair. Due to the relative youth of this technology, studies have yet to be...Full Text Available

2011-04-01

354

Intraoperative angioembolization in the management of pelvic-fracture related hemodynamic instability

Silver-haired bat rabies virus (SHBRV) infection induces a strong virus-specific immune response in the periphery of the host, but death is common due to the failure to open the blood-brain barrier...Full Text Available

2007-08-01

355

Interhemispheric Interactions between the Human Primary Somatosensory Cortices

BackgroundThis case series report discusses patients presenting with hemorrhage and hemodymanic compromise due to severe pelvic fractures and undergoing intraoperative angioembolization...Full Text Available

356

Interface of culture, insecurity and HIV and AIDS: Lessons from displaced communities in Pader District, Northern Uganda

In the somatosensory domain it is still unclear at which processing stage information reaches the opposite hemispheres. Due to dense transcallosal connections, the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2)...Full Text Available

357

Infravesical obstruction due to benign intraurethral prostatic cyst.

BackgroundNorthern Uganda unlike other rural regions has registered high HIV prevalence rates comparable to those of urbanized Kampala and the central region. This could be due to...Full Text Available

358

Increased endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell adhesion on nanostructured titanium and CoCrMo

We report a case of symptomatic intraurethral prostatic cyst in a 42-yr-old man without clinical evidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The intraurethral cyst makes it unique from the all previously...Full Text Available

2003-02-01

359

Impairment of brain endothelial glucose transporter by methamphetamine causes blood-brain barrier dysfunction

In the body, vascular cells continuously interact with tissues that possess nanostructured surface features due to the presence of proteins (such as collagen and elastin) embedded in the vascular wall....Full Text Available

2006-03-01

360

Identification and Treatment of Osteoporosis among Elderly Patients with Hip Fractures

BackgroundMethamphetamine (METH), an addictive psycho-stimulant drug with euphoric effect is known to cause neurotoxicity due to oxidative stress, dopamine accumulation and glial...Full Text Available

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361

Hybridization among Three Native North American Canis Species in a Region of Natural Sympatry

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the profile of osteoporosis treatment among patients hospitalized due to hip fractures at a tertiary-level university hospital. To compare the impact of hospitalization...Full Text Available

2009-12-01

362

High prevalence of syphilis among demobilized child soldiers in Eastern Congo: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundPopulation densities of many species throughout the world are changing due to direct persecution as well as anthropogenic habitat modification. These changes may induce...Full Text Available

363

Heat Transfer Augmentation in Turbulent Impinging Jets.

BackgroundSyphilis, a known major public health issue for soldiers during periods of conflict, is exacerbated in the Democratic Republic of Congo due to widespread sexual violence....Full Text Available

364

Healthy worker effect in the total Finnish population.

Heating and cooling by impinging jets is widely used in various engineering applications, due to the high heat transfer rates prevailing in the vicinity of the stagnation point. The authors have been able to utilize acoustically excited turbulence for the...

1979-01-01

365

HCN polymers characterized by solid state NMR: Chains and sheets formed in the neat liquid

The selection due to the "healthy worker effect" was estimated from a random sample of the total Finnish population. The sample of 20 000 people was followed for changes in occupations from 1960 to...Full Text Available

1980-05-01

366

Giant exomphalos--conservative or operative treatment?

Hydrogen cyanide polymerizes readily under a variety of conditions and significant prebiotic roles have been suggested for these polymers due to the abundance of HCN in universe. However, the structures...Full Text Available

2009-04-07

367

Genetic Analysis of Cytoprotective Functions Supported by Graded Expression of Keap1?

The rate of survival for infants with intact giant exomphatos has much improved during the last 20 years; this is partly due to better respiratory and nutritional support. The use of a staged operative...Full Text Available

1979-06-01

368

Keap1 regulates Nrf2 activity in response to xenobiotic and oxidative stresses. Nrf2 is an essential regulator of cytoprotective genes. Keap1-null mice are lethal by weaning age due...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

369

Gastrointestinal obstruction due to plaster ingestion: a case-report

BackgroundDue to the high morbidity and mortality of fulminant hepatitis, early diagnosis followed by early effective treatment is the key for prognosis improvement. So far, little...Full Text Available

370

GaAs REI,IABILITY DATARASE '-r. SACCO, S . C+ ON Z, AItIli ...

BackgroundPlaster ingestion forming gastric bezoar is a strange way to attempt suicide and this method has not yet been reported. It may lead to a mechanical obstruction of the gut,...Full Text Available

371

Formation Energies of Antiphase Boundaries in GaAs and GaP: An ab Initio Study

Direct coupljng between Al and Au metal]jzations can result in an increase in gate resistance due to a metallurgical reaction. (purple plague). An RF life test on ...

372

Flucytosine for treatment of Candida albicans in H1N1-positive patient

Electronic and structural properties of antiphase boundaries in group III-V semiconductor compounds have been receiving increased attention due to the potential to integration of optically-active III-V...Full Text Available

373

Expression Signatures of Metastatic Capacity in a Genetic Mouse Model of Lung Adenocarcinoma

A 17-year-old H1N1-positive patient was successfully extubated after 25 days of ventilatory support for treatment of viral pneumonia which was complicated by empyema thoracis due to Candida...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

374

Evaluation of magnetization transfer ratios for breast tissues and breast diseases

BackgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the foremost cause of cancer-related death in Western countries, which is due partly to the propensity of NSCLC cells to metastasize....Full Text Available

375

Epignathus with Fetiform Features

To determine MTRs for normal structures and benign diseases in the breast two-dimensional magnetization transfer imaging was performed in 62 patients and in 3 young female volunteers. With regard to the MTRs of measurements in the normal breast tissues, fat tissues which is close to simple cysts in MTRs show little transfer of longitudinal magnetization. MTRs of the muscles was 15.15{+-}6.22%, which exceeded those of breast parenchyma. The breast parenchyma didn`t show the change of MTR value due to the difference of patient age and due to variable amount of fat and fibrous tissues. Breast parenchyma in the two young volunteers clearly showed biphasic change of MTR values in accordance with the menstrual cycle; little transfer value was due to hydration in the postovulatory period and high transfer value was due to dehydration in the preovulatory period. In the remaining one volunteer during lactation ...

1997-03-01

376

Entropic effects in channel-facilitated transport: Inter-particle interactions break the flux symmetry

Epignathus is an extremely rare oropharyngeal teratoma that commonly arises from the palate, leading to a high mortality (80–100%) due to airway obstruction in the neonatal period. We present...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

377

Endoscopic Discectomy for the Cauda Equina Syndrome During Third Trimester of Pregnancy

We analyze transport through conical channels due to the difference in particle concentration on the two sides of the membrane. Because of the detailed balance, fluxes of non-interacting particles...Full Text Available

2009-08-01

378

Electrolux ICON and Kenmore PRO Gas Ranges Recalled Due to Carbon...

Low back pain is common during pregnancy. However, the prevalence of symtomatic lumbar disc herniation is rare, and cauda equina syndrome due to disc herniation during pregnancy is even rarer. We report...Full Text Available

2007-11-01

379

Effects of noise and electromagnetic fields on reproductive outcomes.

Sears for the Kenmore PRO to schedule a free repair. Consumers can continue to use the cooktop (top burners) and the broiler as well as any clock and/or timer functions. Consumer...

2011-01-26

380

Effective audit trails--a taxonomy for determination of information requirements.

Much public health research has been directed to studies of cancer risks due to chemical agents. Recently, increasing attention has been given to adverse reproductive outcomes as another, shorter-term...Full Text Available

1989-05-01

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381

Eddy Current Inspection of Mildly Ferromagnetic Tubing.

Current methods of detecting confidentiality breaches in electronic medical record systems are inadequate, partially due to the lack of necessary information at the point of audit trail analysis. In...Full Text Available

1999-01-01

382

Early detection of bone metastases of Ewing's sarcoma by magnetic resonance imaging

The past decade has seen the development of eddy current probes for inspection of the mildly ferro-magnetic alloy Monel 400. Due to the rapid advances in permanent magnet technology similar probes have been upgraded to magnetically saturate, and hence ins...

1984-01-01

383

ESTIMATION OF WATER QUALITY CRITERIA VIOLATION FREQUENCIES USING PEARSON PERCENTILES

Bone metastases of an Ewing's sarcoma were detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), when bone scan, CT and plain films were still normal. This is due to the ability of MRI to detect intramedullary metastases before involvement of the cortex. (Auth.).

384

Donor deferral due to anemia: A tertiary care center-based study

A numerical technique is developed for estimating water quality violation frequencies due to pollutant discharges from urban areas during combined sewer overflow events. The first four moments of in-stream pollutant concentration are found by integrating a pollutant loading - wat...

385

Development on the technology for tritium removal processes (II).

Background:The minimum hemoglobin cutoff for blood donation in India is 12.5 gm% for both male and female donors and the minimum donation interval is 3 months. Donation...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

386

Deletion of TolC orthologs in Francisella tularensis identifies roles in multidrug resistance and virulence

In order to decrease tritium exposure to workers, the ratio of which is up to 40% of total exposure, tritium removal facility is getting to be one of the considerable parameters in Korea, due to the next CANDUs to be operated at Wolsung NPP. For investiga...

1993-01-01

387

DNA Damage during G2 Phase Does Not Affect Cell Cycle Progression of the Green Alga Scenedesmus quadricauda

The Gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis is the causative agent of tularemia. Interest in this zoonotic pathogen has increased due to its classification as a category A agent...Full Text Available

2006-08-22

388

Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas: A diagnostic challenge

DNA damage is a threat to genomic integrity in all living organisms. Plants and green algae are particularly susceptible to DNA damage especially that caused by UV light, due to their light dependency...Full Text Available

389

Consequences of Low Neonatal Iron Status due to Maternal Diabetes Mellitus on Explicit Memory Performance in Childhood

Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are increasingly recognized due to the expanding use and improved sensitivity of cross-sectional abdominal imaging. Major advances in the last decade have led to an...Full Text Available

2009-01-07

390

Confocal microscopy for the analysis of siRNA delivery by polymeric nanoparticles

Diabetic pregnancies are characterized by chronic metabolic insults, including iron deficiency, that place the developing brain at risk and for memory impairment later in life. A behavioral...Full Text Available

2009-11-01

391

Concurrent Exposure of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) to Multiple Algal Toxins in Sarasota Bay, Florida, USA

Clinical applications of genetic therapies, including delivery of short, interfering RNAs (siRNAs) for RNA interference (RNAi), are limited due to the difficulty of delivering nucleic acids...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

392

Comparison of estimation capabilities of response surface methodology (RSM) with artificial neural network (ANN) in lipase-catalyzed synthesis of palm-based wax ester

Sentinel species such as bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) can be impacted by large-scale mortality events due to exposure to marine algal toxins. In the Sarasota Bay region...Full Text Available

393

Comparison of ante-mortem assays to assess progression/regression of paratuberculosis in individual dairy animals

BackgroundWax esters are important ingredients in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, lubricants and other chemical industries due to their excellent wetting property. Since the naturally...Full Text Available

394

Chromatographic evaluation and anthelmintic activity of Eucalyptus globulus oil

Johne disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium, subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is becoming increasingly widespread on dairy farms worldwide, due in part, to the absence...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

395

Characterization of MJO ... - Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) - NASA

In world Helminthes infections are the most widespread of all the infections in humans. The morbidity due to parasitic diseases has been increasing in our population. The gastrointestinal helminthes...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

396

Characteristics of common solid liver lesions and recommendations for diagnostic workup

Feb 15, 2008 ... hydrological properties (e.g., hydrometeor budgets, cloud ice/water, transports ... cloud fraction, mass and particle size. In combination, these .... anomaly in the LS is not simply due isentropic movement of water vapor relative ...

397

Characterisation of CYP3A gene subfamily expression in human gastrointestinal tissues.

Due to the widespread clinical use of imaging modalities such as ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), previously unsuspected liver masses are increasingly being...Full Text Available

2009-07-14

398

Cell kinetics of growth cartilage of achondroplastic (cn) mice.

The human CYP3A subfamily is of interest due to its multiplicity, activity toward known carcinogens, and extrahepatic expression. In situ hybridisation analysis of formalin fixed, routinely processed...Full Text Available

1995-02-01

399

Can circular dichroism in core-level photoemission provide a spectral fingerprint of adsorbed chiral molecules?

Mice homozygous for the recessive gene achondroplasia (cn) aged 16 and 17 days and some homozygotes aged 22-34 days have disruptions in the growth of the proximal tibial growth plate which are due solely...Full Text Available

1985-05-01

400

Bladder instability in patients with prostatic hypertrophy

The results of experimental measurements and theoretical simulations of circular dichroism in the angular distribution (CDAD) of photoemission from atomic core levels of each of the enantiomers of a chiral molecule, alanine, adsorbed on Cu(1 1 0) are presented. Measurements in, and out of, substrate mirror planes allow one to distinguish the CDAD due to the chirality of the sample from that due to a chiral experimental geometry. For these studies of oriented chiral molecules, the CDAD is seen not only in photoemission from the molecular chiral centre, but also from other atoms which have chiral geometries as a result of the adsorption. The magnitude of the CDAD due to the sample chirality differs for different adsorption phases of alanine, and for different emission angles and energies, but is generally small compared with CDAD out of the substrate mirror planes which is largely unrelated to the molecular chirality. While ...

2005-04-01

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401

Barotrauma developed during intra-hospital transfer -A case report-

In 29 patients with urinary obstruction due to prostatic enlargement, medium-fill water cystometry was performed before prostatectomy and again 3 months after. A high incidence of detrusor hyperreflexia...Full Text Available

1981-10-01

402

Autonomic neuropathy in Fabry disease: a prospective study using the Autonomic Symptom Profile and cardiovascular autonomic function tests

A 74-year-old male patient receiving ventilatory support due to aspiration pneumonia developed bilateral pneumothorax, pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum, pneumo-retroperitoneum, and subcutaneous...Full Text Available

2010-12-01

403

Asymptomatic gonorrhoea and chlamydial infection in rural Tanzanian men.

BackgroundFabry patients have symptoms and signs compatible with autonomic dysfunction. These symptoms and signs are considered to be due to impairment of the peripheral nervous...Full Text Available

404

Archive | June 29, 2010 | Armed with Science

OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence of urethritis due to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydial infection trachomatis in rural Tanzanian men DESIGN: About 500 men aged 15-54 years were selected from...Full Text Available

1996-02-03

405

Annealing behavior of radiation damages in metal-silicides

He said due to DoD's early involvement in the creation of the Internet (a product of DARPA), it has more address space at its disposal than most other organizations worldwide....

2011-08-28

406

An unusual clinical case of haemoptysis in spontaneous pneumothorax: blood clots within emphysematous bulla

The annealing behavior of the radiation damage in epitaxial Pd_2Si and NiSi_2 films on Si, due to the implantation of 100 keV Ar ions, is investigated by using the channeling technique with "4He ions. (U.K.).

407

An experimental evaluation of the antidiabetic and antilipidemic properties of a standardized Momordica charantia fruit extract

We report an unusual case of spontaneous haemopneumothorax associated with haemoptysis due to blood clots within emphysematous bulla in a 42-year-old man. Haemoptysis disappeared after surgery.

408

Aluminium. Health and Environmental Hazards.

BackgroundThe MCE, Momordica charantia fruit extract Linn. (Cucurbitaceae) have been documented to elicit hypoglycemic activity on various occasions. However, due...Full Text Available

409

Acute retroperitoneal bleeding due to inferior mesenteric artery aneurysm: Case report

Aluminium is an abundant metal consisting about 8 per cent of the earth's crust. It has long been considered as essentially nontoxic and nonabsorbable from the gastrointestinal tract. More recent studies have, however, due to better analytical capabilitie...

1982-01-01

410

Absorption of tachyons in extended relativity an answer to Basano

BackgroundVisceral artery aneurysms (VAA), although uncommon, are increasingly being detected. We describe a case of spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage from a ruptured IMA aneurysm...Full Text Available

411

Absolute CD4+ T-Lymphocyte Count as a Surrogate Marker of Pediatric HIV Disease Progression

It is answered to a previous letter by Basano, and shown that the difficulties met by that author within ''Extended relativity'' do not exist, but are due to the erroneous assumption that a certain condition for tachyons to be absorbed by a macro-object is sufficient (whilst it is only a necessary one).

412

ABO blood group and the risk of placental malaria in sub-Saharan Africa

BackgroundTraditionally in pediatric HIV, the CD4+ T-lymphocyte percent is used in monitoring disease progression due to the variability in absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte...Full Text Available

2008-07-01

413

A comparative study between intravitreal triamcinolone and bevacizumab for macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion with poor vision

BackgroundIn malarious areas of the world, a higher proportion of the population has blood group O than in non-malarious areas. This is probably due to a survival advantage conferred...Full Text Available

414

A case of an uncommon anatomic variation of the middle turbinate associated with headache

Aim:To compare the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab and triamcinolone in patients with macular edema after central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), presenting with poor...Full Text Available

2011-03-01

415

A Vasculature-Targeting Regimen of Pre-Operative Docetaxel with or without Bevacizumab for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

SummaryHeadache due to the pressure of nasal mucosa in the absence of inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses is a clinical entity that has gained wide acceptance. Concha bullosa...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

416

(The F/A-18 High-Angle-of-Attack Ground-to-Flight Correlation - NASA

PurposeTaxanes have effects on angiogenesis causing difficulties in separating biologic effects of chemotherapy from those due to angiogenesis inhibitors. This randomized...Full Text Available

2009-05-15

417

[Special cases of vascular injuries by war projectiles].

Tests of Tail Buffet on the CF-18 Aircraft, AGARD Specialists' Meeting on Aircraft Loads due to. Flow Separation, Sorrento, Italy, Apr. 16, 1990. ...

418

Transmission electron microscopy of simulated DWPF high level nuclear waste glasses following gamma irradiation

The author resumes what is actually known about the behaviour of war projectiles in the target (wound ballistics). This is function of their nature, their velocity, their air trajectory. The difference between lesions due to slow moving bullets and these due to projectiles with a high kinetic energy is outlined. The last ones create, through the temporary cavitation effect, lesions at distance from the residual visible tract, particularly in the vascular conduits. The therapeutic conclusions, which derive from those ballistic behaviours, are briefly described in matter of repair of vascular war injuries [Acta chir. belg., 1982, 82, 457-461]. PMID:7148288

419

The influence of pH on the structure of adenine monolayers adsorbed at Au(110)/electrolyte interfaces

Thermal analysis testing revealed slight weight changes, which were a function of gamma irradiation, in a highly reduced Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) simulated waste glass. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on this glass to determine if the weight change corresponded to microstructural variations. TEM analyses showed that no microstructural changes were attributable to gamma irradiation. Exposure of the samples to the electron beam in the TEM did cause changes in the glass microstructures in some cases. These changes were likely due to localized heating of the glass due to interactions with the transmitted electrons.

1994-04-25

420

System reliability of timber structures with ductile behaviour

The pH of the solution is shown to significantly effect the reflection anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) profiles of adenine adsorbed at Au(110)/electrolyte interfaces. At pH 12.8 the net adsorption is very weak due the formation of negative adenine ions in solution. The sensitivity of the RAS profiles to the pH of the solution is probably due to a change in the geometry of the adsorbed molecules caused by a disruption of the base stacking configuration that is adopted when adenine is adsorbed from solutions at pH 7.1. (Abstract Copyright [2010], Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

2010-08-15

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421

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The present paper considers the evaluation of timber structures with the focus on robustness due to connection ductility. The robustness analysis is based on the structural reliability framework applied to a simplified mechanical system. The structural timber system is depicted as a parallel system. An evaluation method of the ductile behaviour is introduced. For different ductile behaviours, the system reliability is estimated based on Monte Carlo simulation. A correlation between the strength of the structural elements is introduced. The results indicate that the reliability of a structural timber system can be significantly increased due to the ductile behavior.

2011-01-01

422

Steam turbines. Dampfturbinen

Photochemical reactions of surface ozone

Due to the general market conditions, the construction of steam turbines was greatly reduced in 1987. As in 1986, it came to a downward movement. This situation will heighten in the coming years. The exploitation of devices, which are available by way of the development of EDP in computation, construction, production and operation, leads to considerable improvements. These improvements can only be employed gradually, due to the reduction in production. However, technological progress can be used economically in part in the restoration of old installations. Here turbine construction, the thermodynamical interpretation of gas and steam turbines, developments in the field of conduction technology, piping and materials are described. Also improvements in operation security and operation supervision of the installations is treated, as well as service and maintenance of the plants. (BR) With 131 refs.

1988-04-01

423

Patient doses in the Netherlands. [X-ray diagnosis and radiotherapy

Efforts has been made to specify surface ozone production in photochemical reaction due to the high concentration of NO_x and photon rays. The secondary reactions has been considered via optical measurements using actinometry and pyranometry which was followed for photochemical reactions at high temperature and because of air pollutants due to the traffic load and because of the inversion in certain days. The concentration of surface ozone which was measured in Tehran city center was in the range of 24- 45 ppb in 1991-1992 and a higher concentration of 45-65 ppb was measured in 1999-2000. This high surface ozone concentration could cause a severe damage to biota, fauna and human health.

2003-01-01

424

Organ doses and integral doses in X-ray diagnosis of the chest and of the head

Contributions to the population dose due to medical applications of ionising radiation are presented. It appears that contributions due to radiotherapy and X ray diagnosis are of comparable magnitude. To account for the age dependency of the radiation risks, contributions in terms of somatically significant dose equivalent are calculated as 0.3 mSv per caput per annum for X ray diagnosis and as 0.2 mSv per caput per annum for radiotherapy, the latter referring to only doses to organs outside the target volume. (author).

1991-01-01

425

Microscopic model for the higher-order nonlinearity in optical filaments

Organ and tissue doses and integral doses in patients due to diagnostic x-ray examinations of the chest and of the head will be presented. These data have been obtained by measuring the dose distributions in man phantoms by LiF-dosimetry. The data will be compared with data obtained by Monte-Carlo calculations. To obtain average organ doses for a special type of examination for the population or for a specified subpopulation in the variation of the exposure, data due to the different techniques used by the different radiologists has to be known. Such data will be presented. The results of the investigation will be discussed in connection with the concept of the 'somatic significant.

1977-04-01

426

Methods and instruments for nondestructive testing of the anisotropy of the magnetic properties of ferromagnetic sheet materials (review)

Using an exactly soluble one-dimensional atomic model we explore the idea that the recently observed high-order nonlinearity in optical filaments is due to virtual transitions involving the continuum states. We show that the model's behavior is qualitatively comparable with the experimentally observed cross-over from self-focusing to de-focusing at high intensities, and only occurs at intensities which result in significant ionization. Based on these observations, we conjecture that this continuum electron nonlinear refraction exhibits strong memory effects, and most importantly, the change of its sign is effectively masked by the de-focusing due to free electrons.

2010-01-01

427

Interstitial injection in silicon after high-dose, low-energy arsenic implantation and annealing

This review of methods and designs of transducers for nondestructive determination of the magnitude and nature of the anisotropy of magnetic properties (permeability, induction, coercive force, energy loss due to magnetization reversal) in local portions of ferromagnetic sheet and, in some cases, in individual parts of products. The need to measure the anisotropy is considered for two angles: for the case when the anisotropy is due to the crystallographic texture and determines the main operating characteristics of widely used sheet such as electrical steel and automobile body sheet, and for crystallographically isotropic materials, in which the anisotropy of magnetic properties as a result of mechanical stresses is a measure for determining the internal stresses.

1995-04-01

428

Expansion Rate Measurements at Moderate Pressure of Nonneutral Electron Plasmas in the Electron Diffusion Gauge (EDG) Experiment

In this work, we investigate the interstitial injection into the silicon lattice due to high-dose, low-energy arsenic implantation. The approach consists in monitoring the diffusion of the arsenic profile as well as of the boron profile in buried #delta#-doped layers, when amounts of the as-implanted arsenic profile are removed by low-temperature wet silicon etching. The experimental results indicate that the contribution of the implantation damage to the transient enhanced diffusion of boron, and thus the interstitial injection, is not the main one. On the contrary, interstitial generation due to arsenic clustering seems to be more important for the present conditions.

2005-11-14

429

Convection heat loss from a cavity receiver

Measurements of the expansion rate of pure-electron plasmas have been performed on the Electron Diffusion Gauge (EDG) device at background helium gas pressures in the 5 x 10(superscript -8) Torr to 1 x 10(superscript -5) Torr range, where plasma expansion due to electron-neutral collisions dominates over plasma expansion due to trap asymmetries. It is found that the expansion rate, defined as the time rate of change of the particles' mean-square radius, scales approximately linearly with pressure and inversely as the square of the magnetic field strength in this regime, in agreement with classical predictions.

2001-05-18

430

Charged particles background due to electromagnetic processes at the VLEPP based Photon Linear Collider with ultimate luminosity

The receiver whose convective heat loss test results are presented was designed to absorb 5 MW of solar energy, using a molten salt working fluid. During the tests, this receiver was brought to a temperature of about 343 C by a small group of heliostats. Total receiver heat loss due to emitted radiation, conduction and convection was first determined, and the convection loss was established by calculating the radiation and conduction losses analytically and subtracting their sum from the total. Losses due to convection are found to be 1.43 percent of the total heat input.

1984-02-01

431

Assessment of tritium in the Savannah River Site environment

We have made preliminary estimates of charged particles background at the 100x100 GeV Photon Linear Collider with ultimate luminosity. The charged particles background due to electromagnetic processes is located mainly in the small-angle range of the detector. At large angles, the number of background particles is much smaller. Analysis of the background (at least, in the range under consideration) shows that background conditions for the VLEPP-based Photon Linear Collider are better than at the VLEPP electron-positron collider. ((orig.)).

1995-02-01

432

Antiproton-Proton Channels in J/psi Decays

This report is the first revision to a series of reports on radionuclides inn the SRS environment. Tritium was chosen as the first radionuclide in the series because the calculations used to assess the dose to the offsite population from SRS releases indicate that the dose due to tritium, through of small consequence, is one of the most important the radionuclides. This was recognized early in the site operation, and extensive measurements of tritium in the atmosphere, surface water, and ground water exist due to the effort of the Environmental Monitoring Section. In addition, research into the transport and fate of tritium in the environment has been supported at the SRS by both the local Department of Energy (DOE) Office and DOE`s Office of Health and Environmental Research.

1993-10-01

433

A photoelectrochemical investigation of passive films formed by alternating voltage passivation

The recent measurements by the BES Collaboration of J/psi decays into a photon and a proton-antiproton pair indicate a strong enhancement at the proton-antiproton threshold not observed in the decays into a neutral pion and a proton-antiproton pair. Is this enhancement due to a proton-antiproton quasi-bound state or a baryonium? A natural explanation follows from a traditional model of proton-antiproton interactions based on G-parity transformation. The observed proton-antiproton structure is due to a strong attraction in the 1S0 state, and possibly to a near-threshold quasi-bound state in the 11S0 wave.

2005-01-01

434

Ultrafast carrier dynamics of InGaAsN and InGaAs single quantum wells

Photocurrent measurements for stainless steel type 304 in the as-received condition after dc and AV (alternating voltage) passivation have confirmed that significant changes of the passive film properties occur due to AV passivation. The photocurrents were the highest for the sample treated by the AV passivation process (AVPP). The bandgap energy increased from about 2.8 to about 3.05 eV for this treatment. Very similar results have been obtained for pure chromium, which suggests that the AVPP produces a thicker passive film with a less defective nature due to a partial dehydration of the chromium oxide phase in the film.

1993-07-01

435

Thermoluminescence studies in cerium doped NaCl crystals

Striking differences in differential reflectance and carrier relaxation in In0.4Ga0.6As and In0.4Ga0.6As0.98N0.02 single quantum wells (SQWs) were studied using ultrafast time-resolved photoreflectance. Even with extremely thin SQW of only 60 A within 3000 A wide GaAs confining layers, negative and positive differential reflectance was observed for the excitation photon energy far above the bandgaps at 820 and 880 nm for both samples. Due to absorption by the GaAs confining layer, the peak differential reflectance pumped at 820 nm is an order of magnitude larger than that pumped at 880 nm; and it is larger for InGaAs SQWs than for InGaAsN SQWs. The shorter carrier lifetimes of these samples result from carrier-carrier scattering as pumped at both wavelengths. The longer carrier lifetime as pumped at 880 nm is due to hot phonon decay in InGaAs but may be due to stimulated emission in InGaAsN. The results reveal that the ...

2008-04-21

436

The origin of large scale magnetic fields

Cerium is known to enter substitutionally in trivalent state when doped in alkali halides. Cerium doped NaCl crystals exhibit greatly enhanced thermoluminescence output upon X-irradiation at RT, the intensity of emission being about 10 times that in undoped crystals for similar dosage of irradiation. The cerium doped crystals give upon X-irradiation a very intense glow peak at 145degC with shoulders at 120degC and 210degC. Upon partially bleaching the crystal with F-light, the peak at 120degC becomes prominent probably due to faster bleaching of the glow at 145degC. From further optical bleaching studies, it is concluded that the glow peak at around 120degC is due to cerium centres in the irradiated crystal and the 145degC peak due to F centres. This F centre emission occurs at lower temperature, compared to that in the undoped crystals where it occurs at around 180degC. The spectral emission in the Ce doped crystals is in ...

437

The Spratlys: Islands nowhere else? Energy resources as a conflict factor and co-operation factor in East Asia; Die Spratlys: Inseln im Nirgendwo? Energieressourcen als Konflikt- und Kooperationsfaktor in Ostasien

Magnetic fields correlated on several kiloparsec scales are seen in spiral galaxies. Their origin could be due to the winding up of a primordial cosmological field or due to amplification of a small seed field by a turbulent galactic dynamo. Both options have difficulties: There is no known battery mechanism for producing the required primordial field. Equally the turbulent dynamo may self destruct before being able to produce the large scale field, due to excess generation of small scale power. The current status of these difficulties is discussed. The resolution could depend on the nature of the saturated field produced by the small scale dynamo. We argue that the small scale fields do not fill most of the volume of the fluid and instead concentrate into intermittent ropes, with their peak value of order equipartition fields, and radii much smaller than their lengths. In this case these fields neither drain significant ...

1996-01-01

438

In the contribution under consideration, the author reports on the energy resources as a conflict factor and co-operation factor in East Asia on the basis of the Spratly islands. The main aspects of this contribution are: topography of the Spratly islands; history and actual claims; evaluation of the claims; strategic significance of the islands; resources of oil and natural gas as a conflict factor; resources of oil and natural gas as a co-operation factor. The resources of oil and natural gas have intensified the conflict around the Spratly islands in the last few decades. Due to the unsettled situation relating to international law six countries could claim the potentially energy-rich area having a geo-strategic instrument of power. Due to a treaty and due to the new common research studies of the neighbouring countries a phase of stability can be expected. The increasing involvement of China in the international ...

2006-07-01

439

Sodium leak detector

Simulation of p-type diffusion in compound semiconductor: the case of beryllium implanted in InGaAs

Purpose: To permit accurate detection of sodium leakage by distinguishing between variations in the overflow tank level due to changes in sodium temperature accompanying changes in the power level or operating state of a liquid metal sodium cooled fast breeder, and a reduction in power level due to duct leakage. Constitution: The volume of sodium in the primary cooling system is roughly estimated from the temperatures of hot and cold legs, and the duct leak preset level with respect to the sodium liquid level within an overflow tank when the plant is normal is varied according to the state of the plant. More particularly, the volume of sodium within the overflow tank is calculated on the basis of a signal representing the liquid level detected by a liquid level gauge in the overflow tank and a signal representing the temperature detected by hot leg and cold leg thermometers, thereby obtaining the preset value of the liquid level within the ...

440

Percutaneous Treatment of Malignant Jaundice Due to Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Covered Viabil Stent Versus Uncovered Wallstents

A system of equations describing transient enhanced diffusion of beryllium in InGaAs due to kick-out mechanism or due to formation, migration, and dissociation of the pairs ''beryllium atom-group III self-interstitial'' is proposed and analyzed. Simulation of coupled diffusion of beryllium atoms and self-interstitials in InGaAs during rapid thermal annealing was done for the case of dual implantation. For the experiment under consideration the first ion implantation of phosphorus atoms produced the region of extended defects that led to ''uphill'' diffusion of implanted Be in the defect region and in the vicinity of the surface. The suggested reason of ''uphill'' diffusion could be related to the nonuniform distribution of group III self-interstitials that was formed due to the absorption of point defects on the ...

2006-10-15

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441

Iterative diagonalization in augmented plane wave based methods in electronic structure calculations

To compare clinical effectiveness of Viabil-covered stents versus uncovered metallic Wallstents, for palliation of malignant jaundice due to extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 60 patients were enrolled in a prospective and randomized study. In half of the patients a bare Wallstent was used, and in the other half a Viabil biliary stent. Patients were followed up until death. Primary patency, survival, complication rates, and mean cost were calculated in both groups. Stent dysfunction occurred in 9 (30%) patients in the bare stent group after a mean period of 133.1 days and in 4 (13.3%) patients in the covered stent group after a mean of 179.5 days. The incidence of stent dysfunction was significantly lower in the covered stent group (P = 0.046). Tumor ingrowth occurred exclusively in the bare stent group (P = 0.007). Median survival was 180.5 days for the Wallstent and 243.5 days for the Viabil group (P = 0.039). Complications and mean cost were similar in the two ...

2010-02-01

442

Identification of recharge sources and dating of groundwater using isotope and CFC techniques

Due to the increased computer power and advanced algorithms, quantum mechanical calculations based on Density Functional Theory are more and more widely used to solve real materials science problems. In this context large nonlinear generalized eigenvalue problems must be solved repeatedly to calculate the electronic ground state of a solid or molecule. Due to the nonlinear nature of this problem, an iterative solution of the eigenvalue problem can be more efficient provided it does not disturb the convergence of the self-consistent-field problem. The blocked Davidson method is one of the widely used and efficient schemes for that purpose, but its performance depends critically on the preconditioning, i.e. the procedure to improve the search space for an accurate solution. For more diagonally dominated problems, which appear typically for plane wave based pseudopotential calculations, the inverse of the diagonal of (H - ES) is used. However, for ...

2010-01-20

443

Hydroelectric power in Switzerland: large growth potential by increasing the installed power

Due to severe drought conditions in Pakistan over the past several years, most of the areas are facing extinction of its potable water reserves and inadequate replenishment of groundwater aquifers. Due to over exploitation, the groundwater flow dynamics is changing and water quality is degrading due to induced infiltration from polluted surface sources. Isotope hydrology is relatively a new discipline having great potential for studying various water-related problems. RIAD, PINSTECH has established analytical facilities for commonly used environmental isotopes and applied to investigate various hydrological problems. This paper briefly describes practical examples on recharge mechanism and dating of groundwater in Lahore and Ziarat areas using isotopes like deuterium (/sup 2/H), Oxygen-18 (/sup 18/O), Tritium (/sup 3/H) and CFCs in water. In Lahore, the areas having different contribution of the river Ravi in groundwater ...

2004-06-07

444

Emission characterization and evaluation of natural gas-fueled cogeneration microturbines and internal combustion engines

Due to its important hydroelectric power generation facilities (about 525 plants with a total power of 13,314 MW producing about 35.3 TWh annually) Switzerland plays an important role in the interconnected European power system. Large artificial storage lakes in the Swiss Alps can generate peak power during hours of highest demand: 9700 MW are available from accumulated energy and the total power of pumped-storage facilities amounts to 1700 MW. The latter allow refilling the reservoirs at periods of low power demand and generating power at periods of peak demand. In the case of favorable conditions, the yearly average power production could be increased by 6% and the production during the winter period (October to March) by 20% by the year 2020. However, looking forward to the year 2050, the annual production is expected to decrease by 3% despite a possible extension of hydropower. This decrease is due to the enforcement of the minimum residual ...

445

Effects of focused-ion-beam irradiation on perpendicular write head performance

The increasing diffusion of small-scale energy systems within the distributed generation (DG) paradigm is raising the need for studying the environmental impact due to the different DG solutions in order to assess their sustainability. Addressing the environmental impact calls for building specific models for studying both local and global emissions. In this framework, the adoption of natural gas-fueled DG cogeneration technologies may provide, as a consequence of cogeneration enhanced overall energy efficiency and of natural gas relatively low carbon content, a significant reduction of global impact in terms of CO2 emissions with respect to the separate production of electricity and heat. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the DG alternatives should take into account as well the impact due to the presence of plants spread over the territory that could increase the local pollution, in particular due to CO and NOx, and ...

2008-10-01

446

Effect of dysprosium doping on the optical properties of SrS:Dy,Cl phosphor

The effects of focused-ion-beam (FIB) irradiation on writer performance were examined on a perpendicular recording system. The entire top pole was irradiated by FIB with ion doses from 0 to 300 pC/#mu#m"2. PW_5_0 and signal to noise ratio (SNR) were characterized using a spin stand before and after FIB irradiation. It was found that there is degradation of PW_5_0 and SNR due to FIB irradiation. At the maximum dose (300 pC/#mu#m"2), PW_5_0 increased by 33 nm (>30%) and SNR decreased by 5 dB (>25%). The degradation was attributed to the physical pole tip recession and the formation of a magnetic dead layer. The thickness of the magnetic dead layer was estimated by analyzing the write spacing loss. Using atomic force microscopy and stage current change monitored during FIB process, it was found that the entire 4-nm protective carbon layer was etched away with a dose of 25 pC/#mu#m"2. This result implies that the degradation with ion doses <25 pC/#mu#m"2 is ...

2003-05-15

447

Effect of boron doping in the carbon support on platinum nanoparticles and carbon corrosion

The fundamental optical properties of dysprosium (Dy) doped strontium sulfide bulk samples for various dopant concentrations from 0.1 to 1.0 at.% were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), room temperature photoluminescence (PL), photoluminescence excitation (PLE) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Investigations by electron paramagnetic resonance yielded the state of Dy in the sample as Dy3+. An additional ESR line due to F+ center was observed. The PL emission spectrum consisted of several intense lines and a number of weaker ones which were identified as transitions between energy levels of Dy3+. The optimum doping concentration for maximum intensity was found to be 0.25 at.%. Blue shift of the absorption edge energy and red shift of the PLE spectrum were observed with increasing doping concentration. The former is due to Burstein-Moss (BM) effect and the latter is attributed ...

2010-08-13

448

Development of production methods of volume source by the resinous solution which has hardening

Carbon supported catalysts can lose their activity over a period of time due to the sintering of the nanometer-sized catalyst particles. The sintering of metal clusters on carbon supports can occur due to the weak interaction between the metal and the support and also due to the corrosion of carbon, especially in fuel cell electrocatalysts. The sintering may be reduced by increasing the interaction between the metal and the support and also by increasing the corrosion resistance of carbon supports. In an effort to mitigate the growth of the nanoparticles, carbon-substituted boron defects were introduced in the carbon lattice. The interaction between the Pt nanoparticles on the pure and boron-doped carbon supports was examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicate that the interaction between the Pt nanoparticles and the boron-doped carbon support was slightly stronger than the interaction ...

2009-07-15

449

Development of CANDU Void Reactivity Uncertainty Evaluation Methodology

Volume sources is used for standard sources by radioactive measurement using Ge semiconductor detector of environmental sample, e.g. water, soil and etc. that require large volume. The commercial volume source used in measurement of the water sample is made of agar-agar, and that used in measurement of the soil sample is made of alumina powder. When the plastic receptacles of this two kinds of volume sources were damaged, the leakage contents cause contamination. Moreover, if hermetically sealing performance of volume source made of agar-agar fell, volume decrease due to an evaporation off moisture gives an error to radioactive measurement. Therefore, we developed the two type methods using unsaturated polyester resin, vinilester resin, their hardening agent and acrylicresin. The first type is due to dispersing the hydrochloric acid solution included the radioisotopes uniformly in each resin and hardening the resin. The second is ...

2002-01-01

450

Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from carbon nanomaterials in water

One of inherent characteristics of CANDU reactor is positive void reactivity in contrast to other pressurized light water reactors. During the large break loss of coolant accident, power pulse will be occurred during short time of early phase of accident due to positive void reactivity. However the duration of this power pulse is short, energy due to power pulse would be accumulated in the cladding material and will affect the peak cladding temperature or number of failed fuel elements. Recently, Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) indicated that the amount of void reactivity might be larger than the assumed values in safety analysis and this indication was based on the experimental data from ZED-2 facility. Based on that, the estimation of uncertainties due to the void reactivity during LBLOCA is the most important issue for CANDU safety analysis. In this study, a framework of uncertainty evaluation methodology for ...

2010-10-01

451

Controlled grain boundary structures in superconductors. Final report 1 Jan 77-31 Dec 81

Desorption behavior of pyrene, phenanthrene and naphthalene from fullerene, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was examined. Available adsorption space of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was found to be the cylindrical external surface, neither the inner cavities nor inter-wall spaces due to impurities in the CNTs and restricted spaces (0.335 nm) of the MWCNTs, respectively. Desorption hysteresis was observed for fullerene but not for CNTs. Deformation-rearrangement was proposed to explain the hysteresis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for fullerene, due to the formation of closed interstitial spaces in spherical fullerene aggregates. However, long, cylindrical carbon nanotubes could not form such closed interstitial spaces in their aggregates due to their length, thus showing no significant hysteresis. High adsorption capacity and reversible adsorption of PAHs on CNTs ...

2007-01-15

452

Comparison of beam-induced deposition using ion microprobe

Theoretical work supported by this grant has lead to the concept of the specific pinning force Q and the development of new methods to sum elementary interaction forces to find Q. Pinning due to changes in transition temperature or thermodynamic critical field in thin layers (e.g., a grain boundary), is greatly reduced due to the proximity effect and the stress field interaction due to the dislocations in the grain boundary has been shown to be negligible. The crystalline anisotropy (CA) and electron scattering (ES) interactions have been computed for the first time for an arbitrary boundary. Experiments on niobium bicrystals, polycrystalline niobium thin foils doped with oxygen, lead-bismuth alloy thin films and lead-bismuth alloy films in which either lead or thallium has been allowed to diffuse down the grain boundaries and out into the grains provide evidence that confirms the predictions of the theory. These results ...

1982-03-01

453

Applications of cathodic protection for the protection of aqueous and soil corrosion of power plant components

The localized Pt deposition on Si by 30 keV Ga"+ focused ion beam (FIB), 10 keV electron beam (EB) or dual beams (FIB and EB) using precursor gas has been compared by analysis using a 300 keV Be"2"+ microprobe with a beam spot size of 80 nm. The distribution of deposited Pt, Ga from the ion beam itself, and C from the precursor gas was obtained at and nearby the deposited areas by micro-RBS spectra and RBS mapping. All of the beam processed areas showed a uniform Pt distribution at the deposited areas. The amount of Pt atoms increased with the increase in ion or electron dose due to the decomposition of precursor gas. The thickness of Pt layer by EB is considerably less than that by FIB due to the reduced deposition rate. Ga atoms from the center of processed areas partly redeposited at and nearby the FIB processed areas within #approx#3 #mu#m. The Ga incorporation by dual beam processing was reduced compared with that by FIB processing. The ...

1999-01-02

454

An examination of the ignition delay period in gas-fueled diesel engines

Power plant components exposed to environments such as water and soil are susceptible to severe corrosion. Many times the effect of corrosion in power plant components can be catastrophic. The problem is aggravated for underground pipelines due to additional factors such as large network of pipelines, proximity to earth mat, high voltage transmission lines, corrosive chemicals, inadequate approach etc. Other components such as condenser water boxes, internals of pipelines, clarifier bridge structures, cooling water inlet gates and pipes etc. which are in continuous contact with water, are subjected to severe corrosion. The nature and locations of all such components are at places which are not accessible for routine maintenance and hence they require long term reliable protection against corrosion. Experience has shown that anti-corrosive coatings are inadequate in preventing corrosion and due to their location regular maintenance coatings are ...

1999-11-22

455

AIDE: internal dosimetry software.

Changes in the physical and chemical processes during the ignition delay period of a gas-fueled diesel engine (dual-fuel engine) due to the increased admission of the gaseous fuels and diluents are examined. The extension to the chemical aspects of the ignition delay with the added gaseous fuels and the diluents into the cylinder charge is evaluated using detailed reaction kinetics for the oxidation of dual-fuel mixtures at an adiabatic constant volume process while employing n-heptane as a representative of the main components of the diesel fuel. In the examination of the physical aspects of the delay period, the relative contributions of changes in charge temperature, pressure, physical properties, pre-ignition energy release, heat transfer, and the residual gas effects due to the admission of the gaseous fuels are discussed and evaluated. It is shown that the introduction of gaseous fuels and diluents into the diesel engine can substantially ...

1998-01-01

456

Land And Water Use Characteristics And Human Health Input Parameters For Use In Environmental Dosimetry And Risk Assessments At The Savannah River Site

AIDE (Activity and Internal Dose Estimates) is a software for calculating activities in compartments and committed doses due to occupational exposures, and for performing intake and dose estimates using bioassay data. It has been continuously developed and tested for more than 20 years. Its calculation core has been applied in several situations, like performing all dose estimates due to (137)Cs intakes, which occurred during the Goiania accident in 1987; performing quality assurance of the ICRP Task Group on Dose Calculations regarding calculations of activities in compartments and generation of dose coefficients for adults due to intakes by inhalation, ingestion and injection of several radionuclides; and producing the tables of activities in compartments and dose coefficients using the NCRP Wound Model for the NCRP report. It provides several capabilities like performing calculations using modified Human Respiratory ...

2008-03-12

457

{delta}f simulation of ion neoclassical transport

Operations at the Savannah River Site (SRS) result in releases of small amounts of radioactive materials to the atmosphere and to the Savannah River. For regulatory compliance purposes, potential offsite radiological doses are estimated annually using computer models that follow U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regulatory Guides. Within the regulatory guides, default values are provided for many of the dose model parameters but the use of site-specific values by the applicant is encouraged. A detailed survey of land and water use parameters was conducted in 1991 and is being updated here. These parameters include local characteristics of meat, milk and vegetable production; river recreational activities; and meat, milk and vegetable consumption rates as well as other human usage parameters required in the SRS dosimetry models. In addition, the preferred elemental bioaccumulation factors and transfer factors to be used in human health exposure calculations at SRS are documented. ...

458

{delta}-excitations and the three-nucleon force

Ion neoclassical transport with finite orbit width dynamics is calculated over whole poloidal cross section by using accurate {delta}f method which employs an improved like-particle collision operator and an accurate weighting scheme to solve drift kinetic equation. Ion thermal transport near magnetic axis shows a great reduction from its conventional neoclassical level due to non-standard orbit topology, like that of previous {delta}f simulation. On other hand, the direct particle loss from confinement region may strongly increase ion energy transport near the edge. It is found that ion parallel flow near the axis is also largely reduced due to non-standard orbit topology. In the presence of steep density gradient, ion thermal conductivity is significantly reduced, and an ion particle flux is driven by self-collision alone. (author)

1999-07-01

459

[Pulmonary vascular manifestations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia].

We study the three-nucleon force in chiral effective field theory with explicit {delta}-resonance degrees of freedom. We show that up to next-to-next-to-leading order, the only contribution to the isospin symmetric three-nucleon force involving the spin-3/2 degrees of freedom is given by the two-pion-exchange diagram with an intermediate delta, frequently called the Fujita-Miyazawa force. We also analyze the leading isospin-breaking corrections due to the delta. For that, we give the first quantitative analysis of the delta quartet mass splittings in chiral effective field theory including the leading electromagnetic corrections. The charge-symmetry breaking three-nucleon force due to an intermediate delta excitation is small, of the order of a few keV.

2008-06-15

460

X-ray imaging dose due to the digital imaging devices used in radiation therapy for patient positioning and repositioning: How to take it into account?; Les doses dues a l'imagerie numerique pour le controle de positionnement du patient en radiotherapie: comment les prendre en compte?

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Rendu-Weber disease) is a genetic disorder with autosomal dominance, variable penetrance, and an estimated prevalence of 1/10,000 inhabitants in France. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria including epistaxis, telangiectasia, visceral manifestations, and familial occurrence. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, present in 15-33% of patients, are its primary visceral complications. The disease may be revealed by infectious and ischemic neurological manifestations due to paradoxical embolism. The high frequency of neurologic complications even in asymptomatic patients justifies systematic screening for pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. Treatment of these malformations is based on percutaneous transcatheter coil embolization of the feeding artery. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is rare in this disease. It may be due to systemic arteriovenous shunting in the liver, which increases cardiac ...

2005-11-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

461

Worker radiation doses in the United States at the dawn of the atomic era (1940--1960)

The patient positioning and repositioning control in radiation therapy all along the treatment can be conducted using a variety of X-ray sources and imaging detector devices. The development of image guided radiation therapy techniques leads to more frequent use of this imaging control. In this article we summarize the current methods for measuring the dose delivered by X-ray imaging devices used in radiation therapy, as well as basic proposals to take account of these imaging doses for prescribing, recording and reporting radiation therapy treatment. (authors)

2008-12-15

462

Wnt/b-catenin signal pathway stabilizes APP intracellular domain (AICD) and promotes its transcriptional activity

Radiation doses to workers at the Manhattan Engineer District (MED) and US Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) sites due to external irradiation during 1940--1960 are reviewed. Categorized radiation dose data were available from AEC annual reports for some years. Annual individual radiation dose data for ten MED/AEC sites for all years were available from the US Department of Energy`s (DOE) Comprehensive Epidemiologic Data Resource (CEDR). These data are combined to produce an estimate of external collective dose equivalent to 172,000 person-rems (1720 person-Sv) for 1940--1960. During this period there were 41 overexposures, 19 criticality incidents, and 3 deaths due to acute radiation syndrome among several hundred thousand workers.

1994-06-01

463

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Amyloid precursor protein (APP), a key protein in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is a type I transmembrane protein which can be cleaved by b- and g-secretase to release the amyloidogenic b-amyloid peptides (Ab) and the APP intracellular domain (AICD). While Ab has been widely believed to initiate pathogenic cascades culminating AD, the physiological functions and regulations of AICD remain elusive. In present study, endogenous AICD was demonstrated to be increased by canonical Wnt signal. Instead of due to g-secretase activity, enhanced AICD expression was found due to the increased protein stability by Wnt/b-catenin. b-Catenin was demonstrated to be an associating partner of AICD, capable of promoting AICD mediated transcriptional activity. Investigation by AICD mutants proved ...

2011-01-01

464

Web-Based Enterprise Information Systems Development: The Integrated Methodology

Water You Engineering? An Activity to Develop Water-Quality Awareness

The paper considers software development issues for large-scale enterprise information systems (IS) with databases (DB) in global heterogeneous distributed computational environment. Due to high IT development rates, the present-day society has accumulated and rapidly increases an extremely huge data burden. Manipulating with such huge data arrays becomes an essential problem, particularly due to their global distribution, heterogeneous and weak-structured character. The conceptual approach to integrated Internet-based IS design, development and implementation is presented, including formal models, software development methodology and original software development tools for visual problem-oriented development and content management. IS implementation results proved shortening terms and reducing costs of implementation compared to commercial software available.

2006-01-01

465

Thermal loads on tokamak plasma-facing components during normal operation and disruptions

Water is one of our most precious resources. However, for many in the United States, having fresh, safe drinking water is taken for granted, and due to this perceived lack of relevance, students may not fully appreciate the luxury of having safe running water--in the home. One approach to resolving water-quality issues in the United States may reside in providing education that presents accurate information in a meaningful way. Accordingly, this article describes a unit designed to emphasize the importance of water-quality testing and purification and to introduce students to local water-quality issues. The engineering-based module of this eighth-grade science activity is particularly important due to the design-build-test component. (Contains 5 figures.)

2009-04-01

466

The role of fatigue variability in life prediction of an #alpha#+#beta# titanium alloy

Power loadings experienced by tokamak plasma-facing components during normal operation and during off-normal events are discussed. A model for power and particle flow in the tokamak boundary layer is presented and model predictions are compared to infrared measurements of component heating. The inclusion of the full three-dimensional geometry of the components and of the magnetic flux surface is very important in the modeling. Experimental measurements show that misalignment of component armour tile surfaces by only a millimeter can lead to significant localized heating. An application to the design of plasma-facing components for future machines is presented. Finally, thermal loads expected during tokamak disruptions are discussed. The primary problems are surface melting and vaporization due to localized intense heating during the disruption thermal quench and volumetric heating of the component armour and structure due to localised impact of ...

1990-01-01

467

The interventional treatment for biliary recurrent obstruction after palliative T tube drainage in patients with obstruction due to cholangiocarcinoma

The fatigue life variability of the #alpha#+#beta# titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo increased with decreasing stress level. The variability in life was found to be due to segregation of lives due to two failure mechanisms. A bimodal cumulative distribution model was shown to accurately describe the combined failure modes. The nominal failure processes for the two regimes were similar, with crack nucleation occurring in equiaxed #alpha#p particles, irrespective of life or stress level. However the variability in life was not controlled by the size of the crack-nucleating #alpha#p, but rather by the ability of the material to distribute deformation and avoid early crack nucleation.

2004-06-10

468

The competition of neutrino energy loss due to the pair, photo-, plasma process at the late stages of stellar evolution

Objective: To explore the interventional method to treat biliary recurrent jaundice after T tube drainage in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice due to cholangiocarcinoma. Methods: 7 biliary metallic stents were placed in 7 patients with recurrent jaundice after T-tube drainage in cholangiocarcinoma cases. Results: Stent placement was once successful in all 7 cases with successful rate of 100%. For all cases, TBIL, ALT, GTP and AKP values 7 days postoperatively were significantly lower than that of preoperation together with subsidence of jaundice satisfactorily for 100% after the treatment. Conclusions: Percutaneous placement of biliary metallic stents was effective economic, minimal invasive and safe for palliation of biliary recurrent jaundice after T tube drainage in cholangiocarcinoma-induced obstructive jaundice

2002-10-01

469

Scenarios of internal fuel demand: Otto cycle engines and CO{sub 2} reduction due to the alcohol production and consumption in Brazil; Cenarios de demanda interna de combustiveis: motores ciclo Otto e abatimento de CO{sub 2} devido a producao e ao uso de alcool no Brasil

Based on the Weinberg-Salam theory, the competition of the Neutrino Energy Loss (NEL) rates due to the pair, photo- and plasma process are canvassed. The ratio factor C1, C2 and C3 which correspond the different contributions of the pair, photo- and plasma neutrino process to those of the total NEL rates are accurately taken into account. The ratio factors are very sensitive to the temperature and density. The ratio factor C2 always is lower than the ratio factor C1 and C3. The pair NEL process is the dominant contribution before the crossed point O(C1=C3=0.45) and the plasma NEL process will be the main dominant contribution after the crossed point O. With increasing temperature, the crossed point O will move to the direction of higher density. (authors)

2009-01-01

470

Role of the radiation pressure gradient in giant and supergiant star evolution

This paper quantifies the avoided CO{sub 2} emission due to the using, as vehicle fuel, of the alcohol produced in Brazil during the period 1995 - 2025. With this purpose, internal demand sceneries were elaborated for Otto cycle engines. The results suggest that the introduction of the flex-fuel and the increasing of the production and using of hydrated alcohol can reduce up to 1.23 Gt of CO{sub 2} equivalent during the period 2003 - 2025, representing an annual average of 53.5 Mt CO{sub 2} equivalent.

2006-07-01

471

Respiratory exposure in buildings due to radon progeny

Since some of the earliest evolutionary calculations it has been found that post main sequence stars become red giants (e.g. Sandage and Schwarzschild, 1952). However the exact physical processes that lead to and determine the rate of redward evolution are not completely understood. We hypothesized that the redward evolution might be due to an increase in radiation pressure somewhere in the star that causes the layers above it to be pushed outward, resulting in an expanded envelope and a cooler surface temperature. If the radiative luminosity somewhere in the star approached the Eddington limit, the outer layers would obviously expand. However, due to the presence of gas pressure, the critical value for expansion would be somewhat less than the Eddington limit.

1983-10-07

472

Protective nitride formation on stainless steel alloys for proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plates

The #alpha# radiation dose to the lungs of people who live in buildings constructed of some granites, low density concretes, and gypsum boards is higher than for residents of most other types of dwellings due to the air-borne progeny of radon. There is evidence that sealing the interior surfaces with epoxy paint, for example, can reduce the #alpha# dose to the lung significantly without a compensating increase in whole-body exposure to the #gamma#-rays from radon progeny. Based on the incidence rates for lung cancer in uranium miners, a concentration of radon of the order of 1 to 5 pCi/l. appears to be a reasonable limit for 'lifetime' exposure indoors for 'typical' home ventilation conditions. (author).

1976-01-01

473

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Gas nitridation has shown excellent promise to form dense, electrically conductive and corrosion-resistant Cr-nitride surface layers on Ni-Cr base alloys for use as proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) bipolar plates. Due to the high cost of nickel, Fe-base bipolar plate alloys are needed to meet the cost targets for many PEMFC applications. Unfortunately, nitridation of Fe-base stainless steel alloys typically leads to internal Cr-nitride precipitation rather than the desired protective surface nitride layer formation, due to the high permeability of nitrogen in these alloys. This paper reports the finding that it is possible to form a continuous, protective Cr-nitride (CrN and Cr2N) surface layer through nitridation of Fe-base stainless steel alloys. The key to form a protective Cr...

2007-01-01

474

Photosynthetic energy storage efficiency in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, based on microsecond photoacoustics

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Using a novel, pulsed micro-second time-resolved photoacoustic (PA) instrument, we measured thermal dissipation and energy storage (ES) in the intact cells of wild type (WT) Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and mutants lacking either PSI or PSII reaction centers (RCs). On this time scale, the kinetic contributions of the thermal expansion component due to heat dissipation of absorbed energy and the negative volume change due to electrostriction induced by charge separation in each of the photosystems could be readily distinguished. Kinetic analysis revealed that PSI and PSII RCs exhibit strikingly different PA signals where PSI is characterized by a strong electrostriction signal and a weak thermal expansion component while PSII has a small electrostriction component and large thermal expansion....

2011-01-01

475

Photoluminescence enhancement of Sm{sup 3+} ions in the vicinity of noble-metal nanoparticles

Photobioreactor for cultivation and real-time, in-situ measurement of O2 and CO2 exchange rates, growth dynamics, and of chlorophyll fluorescence emission of photoautotrophic microorganisms

The photoluminescence intensity of an optical emitter changes when placed in close proximity to a noble-metal nanoparticle, due to two contributions. First, the optical near-field of the nanoparticle leads to a change in excitation rate of the emitter. Secondly, the emission efficiency is changed due to an optical energy transfer from the emitter to the metal nanoparticle, which provides additional radiative and non-radiative decay channels. In this work we investigate the photoluminescence of Sm{sup 3+} ions, which are embedded in SiO{sub 2}. The photoluminescence spectrum of ions in proximity to single silver and gold nanoparticles is measured. The influence of the spectral position of the nanoparticle plasmon peak on the photoluminescence yield will be discussed and compared with model calculations.

2009-07-01

476

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A detailed knowledge about the dynamics of phytoplanktonic photosynthesis and respiration is crucial for the determination of primary productivity in open oceans as well as for biotechnological applications. The dynamics are best studied in photobioreactors that are able to simulate natural conditions in such, that light can be modulated not only diurnally but also mimicking effects of solar elevation angle from sunrise to sunset, variable cloudiness, light modulation in refractory sun flecks due to water waves, or light intermittence due to turbulent flow in dense suspensions. In addition, high performance photobioreactors ought to be able to monitor in real time photosynthetic and respiratory activities as well as culture growth. Here, we demonstrate performance of a newly designed bench...

2009-01-01

477

Passivity of high corrosion resistant Cu-Al-Sn alloys

Origin of water salinity in the coastal Sarafand aquifer (South-Lebanon)

In a work studying the corrosion and tarnishing properties of a variety of copper alloys, the alloy Cu-A110-Sn5 was found to show an excellent corrosion resistance in neutral solutions, where copper and most conventional Cu alloys are covered by thick nonprotective surface layers. The passive films formed on this alloy were characterized with electrochemical and photoelectrochemical methods. The pH dependence of the passivation and of the photocurrent behavior of the Cu-A110-Sn5 alloy clearly indicates that the passivity of this alloy in neutral solutions is due to a formation of passive film enriched with aluminum oxide. At corrosion potential a strong increase in the corrosion resistance with time is due to a gradual enrichment of the surface with aluminum oxide. This can be seen in the photocurrent spectra which change from cooper-type to aluminum-type with time. At higher applied potentials the formation of an aluminum-type oxide film is ...

1993-10-01

478

Modelling of two-phase natural circulation in a WWER-plant: PMK experimental results

Author.The geochemical and isotopic study, based on the analysis of twenty water samples from well in the coastal plain of Sarafand (South-Lebanon), permit to eliminate the hypothesis of marine intrusion in this aquifer. The increase of salinity observed in certain wells is due to the contamination of cretaceous aquifer water by the quaternary formations. The two poles of mixing are respectively characterized: by weak tritium contents (between 2 and 3 UT) and a value of stable isotopes (-5,9<0,18<-5,5) corresponding to the appearance of cretaceous formation area; by the high tritium contents and enrichment relative to heavy isotope in the mineralized water of superficial formations. On the other hand, the isotope contents permit the set a rapid renewal of the cretaceous aquifer water due to quick circulation in the Karstic system

479

Modeling of power-system dynamics in the medium-time scale

Experiments have been performed with the PMK integral-type facility, a model of WWER-440 type PWRs, to investigate two-phase natural circulation behaviour. The phenomena to be expected in this reactor type are different from those in PWRs with vertical steam generators mainly due to the loop seal in the hot leg and the horizontal layout of the steam generator heat transfer tubes. The experiments showed that the system is repressurized when the water level drops to the hot leg elevation due to the effect of the loop seal. Opening of the loop seal can be smooth, but may lead to oscillations depending on the power and the mass inventory. Natural circulation recovers after the hot leg loop seal is opened, but then decreases with further mass inventory decrease. (orig.).

480

Microwave sintering of titanium diboride

This thesis deals with the reduced-order modeling of electrical machines and interconnected power systems in the medium time scale using integral manifold techniques. First, an improved model for power system stabilizer design that captures the damping due to the amortisseur windings while retaining the simplicity of the DeMello-Concordia model is presented. Second, time scales of the regulated synchronous machine are analyzed using the linearized models, and the well-known effects of the high-gain regulator on the system are explained. A reduced-order model that captures the damping due to the power-system stabilizer is presented. Third, speed-damping terms are obtained in the swing equation in a multimachine environment by approximating the integral manifold associated with fast damper windings. This provides a theoretical basis for the practice of adding cross-damping terms to the swing equation to account for damping present in the system. ...

1991-01-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

481

Maximum entropy probability method applied to assess voltage sag frequency due to transmission line fault in the electric power system

Titanium diboride was heated to high temperatures using microwaves. The highest temperature obtained was 2245/degree/C. Unfortunately, oxidation was a problem, especially at the higher temperatures, although an argon flush and a carbon getter were used. To completely stop oxidation, the oxygen potential must be below 10/sup /minus/18/ atmospheres. Using an argon flush and a carbon getter, titanium diboride was successfully densified to 82% of theoretical without measurable oxidation by heating with microwaves to 1860/degree/C. Density actually decreased upon reaching temperatures above 1860/degree/C due to void formation adjacent to the surface. Void formation is thought to be due to the formation of B/sub 2/O/sub 3/(g) which evolves rapidly above 1860/degree/C because of the loss of a TiO/sub 2/ protective film which melts at this temperature. 9 refs., 12 figs., 2 tabs.

1989-01-01

482

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Voltage sag caused by faults on an electric power transmission line is one of the most intractable power quality issues for both utility companies and customers. The fault in power system randomly exists along transmission lines due to the combination of many uncertain factors. To predict and assess the annual expected sag frequency (ESF) deriving from the faults along lines, a stochastic based method that employs maximum entropy principle, namely the maximum entropy probability method (MEPM), has been introduced in this paper. Moreover, various types of faults have been considered systematically. With the fault line intervals and the sample moments taken into account, the discrete values of distribution probability of fault locations along the transmission lines have been estimat...

2010-01-01

483

Light amplification by S/sub 2/ molecules in the visible spectrum under supersonic cooling of a sulfur-containing gas mixture

Experimental Investigations into Phosphoric Acid Adsorption on Platinum Catalysts in a High Temperature PEM FuelCell

The light gain due to S/sub 2/ molecules in a supersonically cooled gas mixture is calculated. The S/sub 2/ molecules formed due to the recombination of the sulfur atoms, and the combustion gas mixture was preheated in a precombustion chamber. Optimal gas flow and nozzle parameters are found which correspond to the highest possible light gain using Cs/sub 2/-Ar and S/sub 2/-Ar gas mixtures. The steady state gas flow in the nozzle was calculated, taking into account the chemical reactions in the one-dimensional approximation. It is shown that the maximum gain values vary in the 0.0001-0.002 range for gas pressures in the precombustion chamber in the range 10-100 atm. The optimal initial relative concentration of Cs/sub 2/ molecules and S/sub 2/ molecules are given. 32 references.

1985-08-01

484

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Dynamic testing of a phosphoric acid-based high temperature PEM fuel cell shows a peculiar phenomenon. A certain current loss is observed after temperature cycling at constant voltage. This loss is incidentally recovered by applying a cell voltage spike to open circuit voltage. Experimental investigations into temperature, cell voltage, and ageing effects show that this phenomenon might occur due to the orientation of the adsorbed phosphate species on the platinum catalyst surface. Along with some supporting literature and experimental results, a hypothesis is presented in order to explain this occurrence. Phosphoric acid adsorption hysteresis on platinum catalyst due to temperature cycling could cause the temporary cell current loss. Electrode potential-dependent molecule symmetr...

2011-01-01

485

Effect of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate on germination of spores of the aquatic fern Ceratopteris thalictroides

Effect of indirect dependencies on "A mutual information minimization approach for a class of nonlinear recurrent separating systems"

Validity of fern spore germination bioassays for the effects of environmental pollution was established by many researchers. Some workers studied the phytotoxicity of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) on the spores of Diplazium esculentum and observed that LAS levels above 0.001% are toxic to fern spores. Water pollution due to synthetic detergents has been increasing continuously during the last few years due to their extensive use in domestic life, agriculture and industry. These detergents are among the most common pollutants responsible for water pollution. In view of this fact, the phytotoxicity of LAS on germination of an aquatic fern Ceratopteris thalictroides spores was studied. However, in these studies, only germination pattern was taken as index and no observations were made on the developmental stages.

1989-07-01

486

Economic assessment of air pollution. Economic evaluation of the effects of air pollution

In a recent paper [4], Duarte and Jutten investigated the Blind Source Separation (BSS) problem, for the nonlinear mixing model that they introduced in that paper. They proposed to solve this problem by using information-theoretic tools, more precisely by minimizing the mutual information (MI) of the outputs of the separating structure. When applying the MI approach to BSS problems, one usually determines the analytical expressions of the derivatives of the MI with respect to the parameters of the considered separating model. In the literature, these calculations were mainly reported for linear mixtures up to now. They are more complex for nonlinear mixtures, due to dependencies between the considered quantities. Moreover, the notations commonly employed by the BSS community in such calculations may become misleading when using them for nonlinear mixtures, due to the above-mentioned dependencies. We claim that the calculations reported in [4] ...

2009-01-01

487

Dynamics of spontaneous radiation of atoms scattered by a resonance standing light wave

The cost incurred every year in West Germany due to air pollution is investigated. Damage to buildings, materials, and vegetation are evaluated as well as the cost of additional cleaning work and changes of location with the objective of getting a picture of the economic value of air pollution abatement. The findings are based on data of immission damage in high-exposure areas. Damage is assessed in consideration of the frequency of repair measures in industrial and country atmosphere. Further research will be necessary in view of the many problems concerning methods and availability of basic statistical data. The sequential cost estimated for a few selected cases of damage show that economic losses due to air pollution amount to several thousand million DM. Air pollution abatement measures thus do not only improve our quality of life but also help to save considerable cost to our national economy.

1980-01-01

488

Degradation of gas turbine coatings and life assessment

The scattering of atoms by a resonance standing light wave is considered under conditions when the lower of two resonance levels is metastable, while the upper level rapidly decays due to mainly spontaneous radiative transitions to the nonresonance levels of an atom. The diffraction scattering regime is studied, when the Rabi frequency is sufficiently high and many diffraction maxima are formed due to scattering. The dynamics of spontaneous radiation of an atom is investigated. It is shown that scattering slows down substantially the radiative decay of the atom. The regions and characteristics of the power and exponential decay are determined. The adiabatic and nonadiabatic scattering regimes are studied. It is shown that the wave packets of atoms in the metastable and resonance excited states narrow down during scattering. A limiting (minimal) size of the wave packets is found, which is achieved upon nonadiabatic scattering in the case of a ...

2003-09-01

489

Casimir repulsion beyond the dipole regime

MCrAlY coatings are widely used on hot section components of gas turbines to provide hot corrosion and/or oxidation protection by formation of an oxide layer on the surface. As the protective oxide scale exfoliates during service, aluminum from the coating diffuses outward for reformation of the protective scale. Aluminum may also diffuse inward due to the differences in composition between the coating and the substrate. Thus, the coatings degrade due to oxidation, oxide scale spallation, and inward and outward diffusion of aluminum. Service life of these coatings is controlled by the aluminum content in the coating, operating temperature and start- shutdown cycles. In-service degradation of CoCrAlY and CoNiCrAlY coatings is presented. A procedure to predict the remaining service life of coatings under oxidizing conditions is discussed. (orig.) 12 refs.

1998-12-31

490

Bulk trade and maritime transport costs: the evolution of global markets

We extend a previous result [Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 090403 (2010)] on Casimir repulsion between a plate with a hole and a cylinder centered above it to geometries in which the central object can no longer be treated as a point dipole. We show through numerical calculations that as the distance between the plate and central object decreases, there is an intermediate regime in which the repulsive force increases dramatically. Beyond this, the force rapidly switches over to attraction as the separation decreases further to zero, in line with the proximity force approximation. We demonstrate that this effect can be understood as a competition between an increased repulsion due to a larger polarizability of the central object interacting with increased fringing fields near the edge of the plate, and attractive forces due primarily to the nonzero thickness of the plate. In comparison with our previous work, we find that using the same plate geometry ...

2011-01-01

491

Boron enhanced diffusion due to high energy ion-implantation and its suppression by using RTA process

Since the 1950s a transport revolution has occurred comparable to events in the late nineteenth century when sailing ships were replaced by steam vessels. Freight rates for bulk products have decreased 65-70% due to improved maritime technology, and formerly separate markets for bulk products have been unified globally. It is suggested that the low freight rates since the early 1980s will level out in future. Price peaks caused by political and military crises like the Korean war, the Suez crisis, OPEC I and OPEC II also seem to be of diminishing importance over time. The world market has become much less sensitive to external shocks due to alternative sources of supply and alternative transport routes. Examples are given from the coal, grain and iron ore international market. 62 refs., 24 figs., 4 tabs.

1996-03-01

492

Boron enhanced diffusion due to high energy ion-implantation and its suppression by using RTA process

SIMS measurements revealed that high energy boron-implantation causes transient enhanced diffusion (TED) of a shallow dopant profile due to Si interstitials even for a relatively low dose of {approximately}2E13cm{sup {minus}2}. By systematic analysis, it is found that this anomalous diffusion is most significant in 700--800 C annealing, and it takes place in the initial stage (less than 30 sec for 800 C) of annealing. Moreover, this anomalous diffusion is more considerable than the enhanced diffusion during oxidation (OED) in practical device fabrication processes. It is found that rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at 1,000--1,100 C is effective for suppressing the transient enhanced diffusion and realizing a shallow channel profile for deep sub-micron devices.

1995-12-31

493

Bars and Boxy\\/Peanut-Shaped Bulges An Observational Point of View

SIMS measurements revealed that high energy boron-implantation causes transient enhanced diffusion (TED) of a shallow dopant profile due to Si interstitials even for a relatively low dose of #approx#2E13cm"-"2. By systematic analysis, it is found that this anomalous diffusion is most significant in 700--800 C annealing, and it takes place in the initial stage (less than 30 sec for 800 C) of annealing. Moreover, this anomalous diffusion is more considerable than the enhanced diffusion during oxidation (OED) in practical device fabrication processes. It is found that rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at 1,000--1,100 C is effective for suppressing the transient enhanced diffusion and realizing a shallow channel profile for deep sub-micron devices.

494

Barriers for radon in uranium mines. Report of investigations 1977

Prompted by work on the buckling instability in barred spiral galaxies, much effort has been devoted lately to the study of boxy/peanut-shaped (B/PS) bulges. Here, we present new bar diagnostics for edge-on spiral galaxies based on periodic orbits calculations and hydrodynamical simulations. Both approaches provide reliable ways to identify bars and their orientations in edge-on systems. We also present the results of an observational search for bars in a large sample of edge-on spirals with and without B/PS bulges. We show that most B/PS bulges are due to the presence of a thick bar viewed edge-on while only a few may be due to accretion. This strongly supports the bar-buckling mechanism for the formation of B/PS bulges.

1999-01-01

495

Apparatus for producing controlled positive or negative corona discharge for semiconductor materials processing

Water-based epoxy sealants were examined during a 2-year period to determine their effectiveness as barriers to radon release in uranium mines. Radon emanation rates from uranium ore samples were monitored for extended periods in the laboratory before and after sealant application. Reduction of radon flux due to the coating of lab samples was approximately 80 percent. Test chambers in a dormant uranium mine were monitored to determine both short and long-term barrier effectiveness. These field studies of the sealants indicated reductions greater than 50 percent relatively soon after application and nearly 75 percent more than 1 year later. An unexpected complication to early monitoring in the form of a large radon emanation increase, believed due to added moisture, is discussed.

496

An analytical study on excitation of nuclear-coupled thermal hydraulic instability due to seismically induced resonance in BWR

An apparatus capable of producing current or voltage controlled positive and negative ion beams in 1-atm oxidizing and nonoxidizing ambients between 25/sup 0/ and 950 /sup 0/C is presented. The apparatus utilizes a point-to-plane corona discharge in the gas phase. Room-temperature experiments revealed that the small differences in ion beam shape between the two polarities is primarily due to the difference in applied voltage required to produce the same current for the two polarities. Due to increased ion mobility and decreased threshold voltage at higher temperatures, a slight broadening of the ion beam current-density profiles for both positive and negative ions is predicted.

1984-09-01

497

An analytical study on excitation of nuclear-coupled thermal hydraulic instability due to seismically induced resonance in BWR

A core-wide in-phase neutron flux oscillation, which took place, for example, at LaSalle-2 in the USA in 1988, is one of the nuclear-coupled thermal hydraulic instabilities in boiling water reactors (BWRs). In this study, an analysis has been performed focusing on the excitation of this type of instability in BWRs due to seismically induced resonance, within the scope of a point kinetics model. For this purpose, the TRAC-BF1 code has been modified to take into account the external acceleration in addition to gravity. As a result of this analysis, it is shown that reactivity insertion can occur accompanied by in-surge of the coolant into the core resulting from excitation. It is also shown that the amount of reactivity inserted largely depends on the degree of stability of the initial state and the amplitude of the seismic wave, whose frequency is the same as the characteristic frequency of the instability. (orig.).

1996-04-01

498