Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This article reports on the UN Environment Programme's (UNEP's) work in supporting the banking and financing sector by creating clean energy finance markets in developing countries. Details are given of the shifting of cash markets to credit, financing solar home systems in India, solar thermal lending in Tunisia, the financing of hotel based solar water heating in Morocco, and the Green Village Credit initiatives in the Yunnan province of China. The importance of providing banks with information needed to gain awareness and experience of renewable energy systems is stressed. The fundamentals of a bank engagement programme, financial catalysts, structuring market oriented approaches, and linking bank lending to policy making are discussed along with the need to shift to credit enhancements to help banks set up their first loan portfolios.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The following topics are dealt with: Detectors at COSY, major physics results at COSY, physics at external facilities, theoretical investigations, COSY operation and developments, preparations for FAIR, technical developments. (HSI)

Science.gov (United States)

credited for unused sick leave when they retire.) The FERS Sick Leave Credit would provide the exact same benefit to FERS ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This article analyses the prevalent situation of the formal Financial Institutions (FIs) in rural India using data from National Sample Survey 54th Round (January-June, 1998). We use sample selectivity model to examine the sanction of the loan by the FIs as a two-stage process. We model the choice of the household's credit requirement using an unordered choice model, namely, a multinomial logit model. Our results reveal that the rural households are considerably credit constrained. The households who do not have an account in a FI have a lower chance of obtaining the loan and households who are credit constrained have relatively lower land holding and they do not possess livestock. Households who borrow for nonfarm purpose exhibit a lower chance of obtaining credit compared to those househ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cultured fish and human cells have been used as bioassay systems for the evaluation of the toxicity of aquatic pollutants. Numerous assays using bacteria and yeast have also been used for such purposes. The authors report the toxicity of aquatic pollutants (Cd, Hg, and Ni), using cell culture systems and the yeast Saccharomyces cervisiae test. Cd, Hg, and Ni were chosen as model compounds of pollutants because the related toxicity is now fairly well established.

Science.gov (United States)

on the picture will download the highest resolution version available. M51: The Whirlpool Galaxy in Dust and Stars Credit: Credit: N. Scoville (Caltech), T. Rector (U....

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Department prepared the Fiscal Year 1998 Accountability Report to combine critical financial and program performance information in a single report. The Department`s consolidated financial statements and the related audit reports are included as major components of the Accountability Report. The Office of Inspector General audited the Department`s consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended September 30, 1998 and 1997. In the opinion of the Office of Inspector General, except for the environmental liabilities lines items in Fiscal year 1998, these financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Department as of September 30, 1998 and 1997, and its consolidated net cost, changes in net position, budgetary resources, financing activities, and custodial activities for the years then ended in conformity with Federal ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose - Mobile phones have provided an opportunity for banking institutions to introduce new services to the public. The latest service, which is now available in Malaysian banking institutions, is the mobile phone credit card. The purpose of this paper is to provide a preliminary investigation of the factors that determine whether Malaysia's bank customers will use the new mobile phone credit card technology. Design/methodology/approach - This paper extends the applicability of the technology acceptance model (TAM) to mobile phone credit cards and includes "perceived credibility (PC)", the "amount of information about mobile phone credit cards (AIMCs)" and "perceived expressiveness (PE)", in addition to "perceived usefulness (PU)" and "perceived ease of use (PEOU)". Findings - The resul...

Science.gov (United States)

... 4. To measure my personal wealth by net worth, not income 5. To engage in sound budget, credit and tax management practices 6. ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A pilot cropland carbon sequestration program within north central Montana has allowed farmers to receive carbon credit for management adjustments associated with changing from tillage-based agricultural systems to no-till. Carbon credit can also be obtained by adopting conservation reserve, where cropland is planted into perennial vegetation. Summer fallowing is also considered within the crediting process as credit is not given in years that a field is left un-vegetated. The carbon sequestration program has been advocated as a means to mitigate climate change while providing an added source of income for Montana farmers. There is lack of data, however, pertaining to the percentage of lands within this region that have not converted to no-till management, lands under certain crop intensit...

Science.gov (United States)

picture will download the highest resolution version available. In the Center of the Whirlpool Credit: N. Panagia (STScI, ESA), NASA Explanation: In the center of M51, a spiral...

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Clicking on the picture will download the highest resolution version available. Whirlpool Galaxy Deep Field Credit & Copyright: Jon Christensen Explanation: Follow the handle...

Science.gov (United States)

on the picture will download the highest resolution version available. M51: Cosmic Whirlpool Credit & Copyright: Tony and Daphne Hallas Explanation: Follow the handle of the Big...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The spectral energy-dependence of the radiation-induced ESR signal has been studied in ovine cortical bone. Crushed bone samples were irradiated using photon beams with effective energies in the range from 0.06 to 6 MeV, and electron beams with mean energies in the range from 2 to 10 MeV. The photon and electron data were normalized to a dose to bone of 50 Gy and the results are reported as response relative to the ESR signal for photon irradiation at 1.25 MeV ("6"0Co). The photon irradiation results show that the ESR response is greatest at low energies with a relative value of 1.2 at 0.06 MeV. The relative response decreases, as the energy increases, to approximately 0.85 in the region of 2 to 3 MeV. These variations in the relative ESR responses are significantly less than the ESR energy-dependent responses reported in the literature for human tooth enamel and synthetic hydroxyapatite. An explanation for this difference is offered. For ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ewing's sarcoma classically presents as a hot spot on bone scan as a result of increased vascularity of the tumor and new bone formation. Purpose We report and analyze an uncommon pattern of a 'cold' lesion in Ewing's sarcoma on bone scan and its pathophysiologic significance. Case report A 15-year-old boy complaining of thigh pain. CT scan evoked Ewing's sarcoma or osteitis. MRI evoked chronic osteitis. Scintigraphy showed a fairly intense and heterogeneous uptake on the femoral lesion and no abnormal uptake elsewhere. Biopsy showed none pathologic pattern. Three months later, a second biopsy concluded to Ewing's sarcoma. Bone scan showed a larger lesion with peripheral intense uptake centered by enlarged 'cold' area in the left femoral diaphysis and no evident bone metastasis. The patient underwent chemotherapy and surgery. Three months later, bone scan showed extensive skeletal metastasis. Conclusion Ewing's sarcoma ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this work we report a study of the induced changes in structure and corrosion behavior of martensitic stainless steels nitrided by plasma immersion ion implantation (PI"3) at different previous heat treatments. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction and glancing angle x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic measurements. Depending on the proportion of retained austenite in the unimplanted material, different phase transformations are obtained at lower and intermediate temperatures of nitrogen implantation. At higher temperatures, the great mobility of the chromium yields CrN segregations like spots in random distribution, and the #alpha#"'-martensite is degraded to#alpha#-Fe (ferrite). The nitrided layer thickness follows a fairly linear relationship with the temperature and a parabolic law with the process time. The corrosion resistance depends strongly on ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A heavy ion gas detector system consisting of a Bragg-curve spectroscopy ionization chamber for particle identification and a multiwire proportional chamber as position sensitive fast trigger device is described. The Bragg IC has been tested with several beams up to Z=36 to investigate some aspects of the BCS method. Results are reported on energy resolution and linearity, Z resolving power and mass sensitivity. The energy resolution is well below 1%. The Bragg-peak amplitude is fairly independent of the energy in a wide energy range and single elements are identified up to Z=38 with a resolving power Z/..delta..Zproportional50-80. Isotope identification by range measurement is limited by the straggling in the ionization process and the mass resolving power is M/..delta..Mproportional20-26 for S and Si isotopes. The MWPC allows subnanosecond time resolution and position identification along the in-plane coordinate within +-0.5 mm.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper reports on the superiority of zeolites over amorphous solids which is well documented for solid acid catalysts of industrial use. Crystalline supports, likewise, open attractive perspectives for catalysis by metals, alloys, and ligated metal clusters. Size and location of clusters can be controlled by careful design of the preparation conditions. Pore dimensions control the access of reactants to active sites and escape paths for products. Cage dimensions determine which transition states can be attained; window apertures are functional in isolating metal clusters from each other, thus preventing ther coalescence and growth. The ship-in-a-bottle method permits deisgn of fairly large active complexes entrapped in zeolite cages. Orientation of non-spherical molecules in a zeolite proe helps to direct their collision with a metal particle to the head on mode; however, isolated Pt atoms hidden in niches of the pore walls can attack ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A spectroscopic study is performed for high spin states of "5"5Fe, "5"5Co and "5"7Ni. To populate the investigated residues with a relevant cross section, the fusion evaporation reactions of "3"0Si("2"8Si, 2pn)"5"5Fe, "3"0Si("2"8Si, 2pn)"5"5Co and "4He("5"4Fe, n)"5"7Ni were chosen. To identify the new #gamma# transitions and to build the energy level schemes, #gamma#-#gamma# coincidence techniques together with excitation functions were employed. Angular distributions and #gamma#-#gamma# angular correlations allowed us to assign the spin values of the nuclear states. The previous level scheme of "5"5Fe is extended into the region between 6.5-11 MeV of excitation energy, up to spin 27/2, while the yrast decay pathos of "5"7Ni and "5"5Co are reported here for the first time. Experimental data are fairly well reproduced by Glaudemans' shell model calculations. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To quantify the number of cases and clinical courses of Acanthamoeba keratitis treated at the King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH) between December 1982 and May 2005, and to review their clinical course and response to medical and surgical therapy. Retrospective review of medical records of all patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis diagnosed by the KKESH Microbiology or Pathology or Pathology Laboratory since the opening of the hospital. During a period of over 22 years, only six cases of confirmed. Acanthamoeba keratitis were diagnosedand treated at KKESH. In two cases the diagnosis was made by corneal biopsy, while four cases required examination of a histopathology specimen obtained at the time of therapeutic keratoplasty to establish the diagnosis. One eye was cured by medical therapy, while five eyes required one (4eyes) or two (1 eye) therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) to achieve a clinical cure. Three eyes achieved good visual acuity (20/40, 20/50, 20/60), one eye ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The article maps the risk management failures within Anglo Irish Bank, showing that, when banks are systemic in nature, poor internal corporate governance within a Minsky credit cycle can lead to destabilising macroeconomic conditions, which may prolong the effects of a credit-induced downturn. The article highlights a failure of management at Anglo Irish Bank to establish and measure firm-level risks and develop appropriate internal controls to support a culture of prudent credit management. We propose the adoption of a novel supervisory architecture based on the meta-risk regulatory philosophy, which is designed to strengthen risk management practices at banks.

Science.gov (United States)

... far superior in its annual and sick leave policies. ... fair treatment with regard to leave requests, discipline ... Fifty-six percent of FERS employees use TSP ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recently, independent system operators (ISOs) and others have published reports on the costs of transmission congestion. The magnitude of congestion costs cited in these reports has contributed to the national discussion on the current state of U.S. electricity transmission system and whether it provides an adequate platform for competition in wholesale electricity markets. This report reviews reports of congestion costs and begins to assess their implications for the current national discussion on the importance of the U.S. electricity transmission system for enabling competitive wholesale electricity markets. As a guiding principle, we posit that a more robust electricity system could reduce congestion costs; and thereby, (1) facilitate more vibrant and fair competition in wholesale electricity markets, and (2) enable consumers to seek out the lowest prices for electricity. Yet, ...

Science.gov (United States)

Jul 17, 2008 ... The first version uses a red-green-blue filter; the second, an infrared-green- blue. Videos credit: Donald J. Lindler, Sigma Space Corporation/GSFC; ... The video will help us connect a varying point of planetary light ...

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on the picture will download the highest resolution version available. M51: The Whirlpool Galaxy Credit: 1.1 Meter Hall Telescope, Lowell Observatory, Bill Keel (U. Alabama)...

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Black Hole Credit: April Hobart, CXC Explanation: In the center of a swirling whirlpool of hot gas is likely a beast that has never been seen directly: a black hole....

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on the picture will download the highest resolution version available. M51: Cosmic Whirlpool Credit: S. Beckwith (STScI) Hubble Heritage Team, (STScI/AURA), ESA, NASA...

Science.gov (United States)

on the picture will download the highest resolution version available. M51: Cosmic Whirlpool Credit: S. Beckwith (STScI) Hubble Heritage Team, (STScI/AURA), ESA, NASA...

Science.gov (United States)

picture will download the highest resolution version available. M51: X-Rays from the Whirlpool Credit: A. Wilson (UMD) et al., CXC, NASA Explanation: Fresh from yesterday's...

Science.gov (United States)

on the picture will download the highest resolution version available. M51: The Whirlpool Galaxy in Dust and Stars Credit: N. Scoville (Caltech), T. Rector ( (NOAO) et al.,...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this report, we estimated the temperature of the pump rooms and reviewed the operability of the components under the loss of the HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Condition) system. The issues relevant to the HVAC system in the PSA (Probabilistic Safety Assessment) FT (Fault Tree) model are as follows: (1) Does the loss of the HVAC system bring about a function failure of other components? (2) Can the operator take action to reduce the temperature of the room in case of a HVAC function failure? At present, we do not know whether a component will lose its function or not under the loss of the HVAC. ASME Standard describes that a recovery action can be credited if the related recovery action is included in the procedure or there are similar recovery experiences in the plant. However, there is no description about the recovery action of the HVAC in the EOP (Emergency Operation Procedure) of the UCN3, 4 under the situation of a loss of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document presents a conceptual design for a contingency interim measure (IM) for treatment of the public water supply system at Barnes, Kansas, should this become necessary. The aquifer that serves the public water supply system at Barnes has been affected by trace to low concentrations of carbon tetrachloride and its degradation product, chloroform. Investigations conducted on behalf of the CCC/USDA by Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne 2008a) have demonstrated that groundwater at the Barnes site is contaminated with carbon tetrachloride at concentrations exceeding the Kansas Tier 2 risk-based screening level (RBSL) and the EPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 5.0 {micro}g/L for this compound. The Commodity Credit Corporation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (CCC/USDA) formerly operated a grain storage facility in Barnes, approximately 800 ft east-southeast of the public water supply wells. Carbon tetrachloride was used in the treatment of grain. ...

Science.gov (United States)

This glossary contains over 750 terms encountered in international maritime law texts. It includes terms of the art, fairly common abbreviations, geographic names, and prepositional phrases routinely encountered in international treaties, conventions, and...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Most codon indices used today are based on highly biased nonrandom usage of codons in coding regions. The background of a coding or noncoding DNA sequence, however, is fairly random, and can be characterized...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Examination of a painful hip is fairly concise and reliable at detecting the presence of a hip joint problem. Hip joint disorders often go undetected, leading to the development of secondary disorders....Full Text Available

CERN Document Server

With the rapid growth of Information and Communication Technology, Electronic commerce is now acting as a new means of carrying out business transactions through electronic means such as Internet environment. To avoid the complexities associated with the digital cash and electronic cash, consumers and vendors are looking for credit card payments on the Internet as one possible time-tested alternative. This gave rise of the on-line payment processing using a third-party verification; which is not suitable for the developing countries in most of the cases because of the excessive costs associated with it for maintenance and establishment of an online third-party processor. As a remedy of this problem, in this paper, we have proposed a framework for easy security incorporation in credit card based electronic payment system without the use of an on-line third- party processor; which tends to be low cost and effective for the developing countries.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The OASIS Registry started annual collection of longitudinal data on patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in 1984. This report describes outcome profiles on 1594 HPN patients in seven disease categories. Analysis showed clinical outcome was principally a reflection of the underlying diagnosis. Patients with Crohn's disease, ischemic bowel disease, motility disorders, radiation enteritis, and congenital bowel dysfunction all had a fairly long-term clinical outcome, whereas those with active cancer and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) had a short-term outcome. The long-term group had a 3-year survival rate of 65 to 80%, they averaged 2.6 complications requiring hospitalization per year, and 49% experienced complete rehabilitation. The short-term group had a mean survival of 6 months; they averaged 4.6 complications per year and about 15% experienced complete rehabilitation. The registry data also indicated HPN was used for 19,700 ...

Science.gov (United States)

The Economic Analysis (EA) report is written to address the impacts of this proposed Effluent Limitation Guidelines and Standards for Synthetic-Based and Other Non-Aqueous Drilling Fluids. Currently, effluent guidelines pertaining to the discharge of drilling fluids address two specific types of fluids: Oil-based drilling fluids (OBFs) that use diesel and mineral oil, which are prohibited from being discharged; and Water-based drilling Fluids (WBFs), which can be discharged subject to meeting certain discharge requirements, including a sheen test and an aqueous toxicity test, in certain limited offshore regions. Section Two presents sources of data, Section Three presents the industry profile, Section Four discusses the regulatory costs of options under consideration for the proposed rulemaking, and Section Five discusses the impacts of the proposed rule on firms, well drilling, and production, and also briefly discusses secondary impacts such as those on ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The 1977 version of the Simpson-Puls-Dutton model appears to be the most amenable with respect to utilizing known or readily estimated quantities. The Pardee-Paton model requires extensive calculations involving estimated quantities. Recent observations by Koike and Suzuki on vanadium support the general assumption that crack growth in hydride forming metals is determined by the rate of hydride formation, and their hydrogen atmosphere-displacive transformation model is of potential interest in explaining hydrogen embrittlement in ferrous alloys as well as hydride formers. The discontinuous nature of cracking due to hydrogen embrittlement appears to depend very strongly on localized stress intensities, thereby pointing to the role of microstructure in influencing crack initiation, fracture mode and crack path. The initiation of hydrogen induced failures over relatively short periods of time can be characterized with fair reliability using measurements of the ...

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Simulations of young stellar systems suggest that planets embedded in a circumstellar disk can produce many distinctive structures, including rings, gaps and spiral arms. This video compares computer simulations of hypothetical systems to an image of system SAO 206462 taken by the Subaru Telescope and its HiCIAO instrument. n nCredit: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center/NCSA

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Previous AIX development environment experience with ASC White and Early Delivery systems UV and UM was leveraged to provide a smooth and robust transition to the Purple development environment. Still, there were three major changes that initially caused serious problems for Purple users. The first was making 64-bit builds of executables the default instead of 32-bit. The second was requiring all executables to use large page memory. The third was the phase-out of the popular, but now defunct, third-party C++ compiler KCC, which required the migration of many codes to IBM's xlC C++ compiler. On Purple, the default build environment changed from 32-bit builds to 64-bit builds in order to enable executables to use the 4GB per processor (32GB per node) memory available, and in order for the MPI library to do collective optimizations that required the larger 64-bit address space. The 64-bit build environment was made default by setting the IBM environment variable OBJECT{_}MODE to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of the Energy Incentives and Agricultural Financial Resources Act of 1986 is to provide fair incentives for the domestic production of oil and gas, and to give flexibility to financial institutions with regard to energy and agricultural loans. The legislation reflects the current drop in activity and investment as a result of economic conditions and tax laws. It amends the Federal Deposit Insurance Act to assist troubled banks in providing capital and restructuring loans for energy development and agricultural pursuits. Title II repeals certain restrictions on the use of natural gas and petroleum imposed under the Fuel Use Act to open up markets and eliminate pricing requirements.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Three blocks of non-welded tuff, one nominally one cubic foot (trial block) in volume and the other two, nominally one cubic meter (1 m3) in volume, were excavated from the Busted Butte Test Facility on the Nevada Test Site in 1999 and transported to the Atomic Energy of Canada Limited Whiteshell Laboratories in Pinawa, Manitoba. The trial block and one of the 1-m3 blocks were used for radionuclide migration experiments under unsaturated conditions; the remaining 1-m3 block was used for similar migration experiments under saturated conditions. After a vertical flow of synthetic transport solution was set up under unsaturated conditions, a suite of conservative and chemically reactive radionuclide tracers was injected at volumetric flow rates of 20 mL/hr in the trial block, and 10 mL/hr in two locations on the upper surface of the 1-m3 block. These flow rates correspond to infiltration rates of about 120 cm/year and about 17 cm/year, respectively. The duration of the migration ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Launched in 2006, over 8,700 residential energy upgrades have been completed through Austin Energy's Home Performance with Energy Star (HPwES) program. The program's lending partner, Velocity Credit Union (VCU) has originated almost 1,800 loans, totaling approximately $12.5 million. Residential energy efficiency loans are typically small, and expensive to originate and service relative to larger financing products. National lenders have been hesitant to deliver attractive loan products to this small, but growing, residential market. In response, energy efficiency programs have found ways to partner with local and regional banks, credit unions, community development finance institutions (CDFIs) and co-ops to deliver energy efficiency financing to homeowners. VCU's experience with the Austin Energy HPwES program highlights the potential benefits of energy efficiency programs to a lending partner.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Using disaggregated data from the Brazilian stock market, we calculate default probabilities for 30 different economic sectors. Empirical results suggest that domestic macroeconomic factors can explain these default probabilities. In addition, we construct the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) and the ultrametric hierarchical tree with the MST based on default probabilities to disclose common trends, which reveals that some sectors form clusters. The results of this paper imply that macroeconomic variables have distinct effects on default probabilities, which is important to take into account in credit risk modeling and the generation of stress test scenarios.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The cross sections for proton-proton elastic scattering at Fermilab and ISR energies are investigated in the framework of the multiple constituent scattering formalism, including the contributions of the inelastic intermediate states. We find that the higher-order multiple scattering amplitudes are strongly suppressed due to the presence of the inelastic intermediate states. The calculated cross sections reproduce the high energy experimental data fairly well. (author).

CERN Document Server

TOTEM Status Report

CERN Document Server

ALICE Status Report

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Since June 1997 the standards/specifications and inspection/certification of various products in Japan have been reviewed by Ministries and Agencies, with the aim of reducing direct government intervention to a necessary minimum and creating a free and fair socio-economic system that is fully opened to the international community and based on the rules of self-responsibility and market principles. Reflecting this policy the administrative regulations which prescribe technical standards as specific requirements have been revised by degrees into performance prescriptions. Detailed provisions in ordinances and notices have been abolished gradually to utilize voluntary standards and rules. In the nuclear energy field voluntary standards are being developed to make up statutory performance requirements by the Atomic Energy Society of Japan (AESJ) and the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) together with other organizations such as the Japan Electric ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

As is well documented, subprime mortgage markets carried significant default risk. This paper investigates the relationship between default risk premium, stock market conditions and macroeconomic variables during the financial crisis. Using iTraxx Japan Credit Default Swap (CDS) index spreads covering the period from March 2006 to November 2009, we employ a time-varying dynamic factor model with Markov regime switching to generate regime probabilities for default risk. We analyze the sensitivity of default risk premium changes to stock market conditions and macroeconomic variables by using two-state Markov switching models: a crisis regime sparked by rising loan defaults in the sub-prime mortgage market, and a non-crisis regime. We found strong evidence that the relationship between defaul...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A collaborative experimental research program has been established between industry and university partners to evaluate the subcritical behavior of fresh and spent highly enriched fuel assemblies at the University of Missouri Research Reactor (MURR). This proposed program will involve a series of subcritical measurements using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) developed {sup 252}Cf source-driven noise technique. Measurements evaluating the subcritical behavior of simple arrays of fresh MURR assemblies will be performed for evaluating the spectral effects of materials typically found in shipping casks such as lead, steel, aluminum, and boron. Also, measurements will be performed on spent assemblies to characterize physics parameters which may be useful in determining the subcritical behavior of fuels for reactivity credit of actinide burnup and fission product poisoning.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper provides a systematic empirical analysis of the role of the housing market in the macroeconomy in the US and the euro area. First, it establishes some stylised facts concerning key variables in the housing market on the two sides of the Atlantic, such as real house prices, residential investment and mortgage debt. It then presents evidence from Structural Vector Autoregressions (SVAR) by focusing on the effects of monetary policy, credit supply and housing demand shocks on the housing market and the broader economy. The analysis shows that similarities outweigh differences as far as the housing market is concerned. The empirical evidence suggests a stronger role for housing in the transmission of monetary policy shocks in the US. The evidence is less clear-cut for housing demand...

Science.gov (United States)

This curriculum guide provides a basic core of instruction for the first year of a three-year adult program in farm business management. It contains 12 units of instruction. Each unit consists of seven basic components: performance objectives, teacher activities, information sheets (content essential for meeting the cognitive objectives), assignment sheets (application of knowledges that are prerequisites to skill development), supplements and transparency masters, tests, and test and assignment sheet answers. Depending on the specific objectives, supplements, transparency masters, assignment sheets, and job sheets may or may not be included. The 12 units cover orientation, recordkeeping, inventory and net worth statement, depreciation, enterprise accounting and supplemental records, enterprise budgets, cash-flow planning, farm credit, partial budgeting, marketing, income tax management, and year-end closing of records. (YLB)

CERN Document Server

We have conducted an agent-based simulation of chain bankruptcy. The propagation of credit risk on a network, i.e., chain bankruptcy, is the key to nderstanding largesized bankruptcies. In our model, decrease of revenue by the loss of accounts payable is modeled by an interaction term, and bankruptcy is defined as a capital deficit. Model parameters were estimated using financial data for 1,077 listed Japanese firms. Simulations of chain bankruptcy on the real transaction network consisting of those 1,077 firms were made with the estimated model parameters. Given an initial bankrupt firm, a list of chain bankrupt firms was obtained. This model can be used to detect high-risk links in a transaction network, for the management of chain bankruptcy.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We present a recent study of the QCD corrections to dilepton production near partonic threshold in transversely polarized {bar p}p scattering, We analyze the role of the higher-order perturbative QCD corrections in terms of the available fixed-order contributions as well as of all-order soft-gluon resummations for the kinematical regime of proposed experiments at GSI-FAIR. We find that perturbative corrections are large for both unpolarized and polarized cross sections, but that the spin asymmetries are stable. The role of the far infrared region of the momentum integral in the resummed exponent and the effect of the NNLL resummation are briefly discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper presents the integration of the SIMBAD space charge module in the UAL framework. SIMBAD is a Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code. Its 3-D Parallel approach features an optimized load balancing scheme based on a genetic algorithm. The UAL framework enhances the SIMBAD standalone version with the interactive ROOT-based analysis environment and an open catalog of accelerator algorithms. The composite package addresses complex high intensity beam dynamics and has been developed as part of the FAIR SIS 100 project.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations are executed in a full toroidal geometry to clarify the physical mechanisms of the Internal Reconnection Event (IRE), which is observed in the spherical tokamak experiments. The simulation results reproduce several main properties of IRE. Comparison between the numerical results and experimental observation indicates fairly good agreements regarding nonlinear behavior, such as appearance of localized helical distortion, appearance of characteristic conical shape in the pressure profile during thermal quench, and subsequent appearance of the m=2/n=1 type helical distortion of the torus. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The magnitude of the isospin mixing in the decay of the T/sub greater-than/ giant dipole resonance has been estimated, using the (..gamma.., n) and (..gamma..,p) cross sections available for the medium-weight nuclei /sup 60/Ni, /sup 88/Sr, /sup 89/Y, /sup 90/Zr, and /sup 92/Mo. The deduced values show a fair correspondence with the existing data for mixing between compound states. From these results the mean mixing Coulomb matrix elements between compound states could also be derived.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A 2D matrix allows a fairly rapid verification of irradiation parameters transferred on computer processing equipment without expanding the dosimetry means to implement. Associated to 'Multicheck and Verisoft' software it will handle some of the regulatory recommendations of the A.F.S.S.A.P.S. for quality control of accelerators and ensure the traceability of testing carried out. (N.C.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the tests, the effects of the overhang length on the pipe whip behavior of the pipe-restraints system were studied by measuring the strains and deformations of the test pipe and restraints, and the restraints forces. The equation for predicting the maximum strain at the outer surface of the pipe was derived using a static equilibrium condition. The calculated maximum strains at the outer surface of the pipe agree fairly well with experimental data. The dynamic response analysis of the pipe-restraints system was conducted by the finite element program ADINA. The applicability of the ADINA program to the pipe whip analysis is made clear through this analysis.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Data for the excitation of the 2/sub 1//sup +/ and 2/sub 2//sup +/ states in the /sup 88/Sr(p,p') reaction at 25 and 31 MeV indicate sustantial contributions from the interior of the nucleus, Microscopic DWBA calculations reproduce this and yield a fair description of the data. A detailed description, especially of the 2/sub 2//sup +/ state, is sensitive to the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction used and the non-locality of the optical potential, which are insufficiently known at present.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A completely microscopic theory for "1"8"7Ir, "1"8"7Os, "1"8"9Ir and "1"8"9Pt is developed in terms of a quasi-particle coupled to the neighbouring even-even core. The calculated values of the positive parity states of "1"8"7Ir are given which agree fairly good with the experimental values. The values of the negative parity states of "1"8"7Ir are also given. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The existence of problems with wild pigs (Sus scrofa) is nothing new to the Western Hemisphere. Damage by these introduced animals was reported as far back as 1505 by the early Spanish colonies in the Caribbean, where wild pigs were killing the colonists cattle. Droves of these animals also ravaged cultivated crops of maize and sugarcane on islands in the West Indies during this same time period. These wild pigs reportedly were very aggressive and often attacked Spanish soldiers hunting rebellious Indians or escaped slaves on these islands, especially when these animals were cornered. The documentation of such impacts by introduced populations of this species in the United States has subsequently increased in recent years, and continued up through the present (Towne and Wentworth. 1950, Wood and Barrett 1979, Mayer and Brisbin 1991, Dickson et al. 2001). In spite of a fairly constant history in this country since the early ...

Science.gov (United States)

This practical guide for the agribusiness manager (the farmer, rancher, and other agribusiness people who work with agricultural commodities, supplies, and services) gives a basic understanding of modern management practices. It provides guidelines that can help them make practical business decisions. Chapter 1 is an introduction that highlights farm management efficiency, decision making, and goals and objectives. The following 11 chapters discuss recordkeeping (importance and purposes of keeping records, types of systems, record book components), financial analysis (cash flow, net worth, income statements and their ratios; whole farm and enterprise analysis; relationships of various analyses), budget analysis (introduction to types and uses of budgets, how to use and analyze a partial budget, enterprise budget and whole farm budget, production principles, cost components), cash flow analysis (projections and analysis, repayment capacity, credit needs, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Due to the 'novel forest diseases' the political parties of the Federal Republic of Germany unanimously attend to the reduction of emissions. The transportation sector is considered to be a major emission source. A study discussed in the publication abstracted did therefore aim at giving a detailed account and description of the recently ratified technical requirements and tax credits expected to reduce vehicle exhaust gas air pollution. Moreover, the study researches into the regulations' importance as to the low emission properties of individual automobiles. Based on the results obtained the study arrives at assumptions as to emissions to be expected from the transportation sector. It tries to assess the financial import with respect to the individual citizen, overall internal revenues and federal motor vehicle taxes. The introductory chapter is followed by a review of emissions caused by vehicle exhaust gases along with a description ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The important use of nuclear energy in Europe, and in particular in France, has a beneficial impact on the air quality but raises important problems of radioactive waste management. The technical problems encountered by the French government with the dismantling of Superphenix reactor are a good example. Moreover, despite its reassuring talks, the electronuclear industry lobby, particularly powerful, has never been able to propose any satisfactory solution for the elimination of radioactive wastes. This article makes a criticism of the lack of visibility and democratic debate in France about the sensible subject of nuclear waste management. A comparison with the situation in other countries is made. (J.S.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Development of a strategy for forecasting river ice breakup and jamming on the Saint John River in New Brunswick was described. Methods used to identify ice jam-prone areas by simple temperature-based methods to fairly complex computer models using site specific data, were summarized. Recent technological advances in developing forecasts, including the NWRI probe for remotely measuring ice jam thickness, the RIVJAM model for determining stages upstream of an ice jam, and computational procedures for estimating the thrust exerted by ice jams against bridges, were also reviewed. Criteria and recommendations for river ice breakup and ice jamming for the Saint John River were provided. (Abstract only).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We examine the short-term price behaviour of three, size-conditioned Indian stock market indices, in response to informational shocks. A standard mean-adjusted returns model as well as the GJR-GARCH specification point towards underreaction to negative events in the medium and small capitalization indices. Also, the pre-event coefficients are generally negative and statistically significant, regardless of the sign of the shock, thus ruling out information leaks. We uncover a stable abnormal volatility pattern which increases monotonically a few days before the shock before suddenly decreasing in magnitude on the event day and beyond. We suggest uncertainty avoidance as a potential explanation of these features. The results are fairly robust across alternative event selection procedures, ti...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The main benefit of electric cars is to reduce air pollution in cities that is thus desirable to equip them with non polluting air conditioning units and this rules out frigorific compressors operating with CFC. The planned replacement of CFC by HFC is at best an interim solution. The best solution is certainly to use thermoelectric air conditioning units, which are inherently pollution-free. However, these have a fairly low COPF when compared to traditional compressor units. We study the relationship between the cooling of the interior of urban electric cars and the merit factor of the thermoelectric material in their Peltier unit. This should help provide concrete target properties of future T E materials. {copyright} {ital 1995} {ital American} {ital Institute} {ital of} {ital Physics}.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Measurements are presented of indoor radon levels made in a prototype house constructed partly of bauxite waste (red mud) and partly of conventional materials. The mud used contains higher than the average amounts of "2"2"6Ra and "2"3"2Th found in local building materials. The rates of exhalation of radon from the material used in the construction of the house are measured and employed with measured air change rates to make estimates of the average contribution of the various materials to the measured radon levels indoors. There is fairly good agreement between the two. The increment of radon related dose equivalents above background are also estimated and these are combined with previously determined gamma dose equivalents and used as a basis for assessing the acceptability of the practice of using red mud as a building material. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The energy spectra and angular distributions of proton emission in a reaction of {sup nat}Fe(n,xp) at a neutron energy of 14.6 MeV are measured by the University of Science and Technology of China multitelescope system. The double-differential cross sections of 16 reaction angles from 25 to 164.5 deg are obtained in this measurement. The statistical errors are reduced largely because of the thick target used. The angular distributions show a slightly energy-dependent forward-backward asymmetry. The angle-integrated proton spectrum is compared with theoretical calculations and other results. The total proton-emission cross section is in fair agreement with the prediction and evaluation.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Several compatibilising systems were added to high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyamide 6 (PA6) blends in the presence of an organically modified montmorillonite (OMM). All the blends were prepared by using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder and characterized by SEM, TEM and XRD analyses. In addition, the rheological behaviour and the mechanical properties - tensile and impact - were evaluated. The presence of OMM affects the dimensions of the polymeric phases in the blend but not their mutual adhesion, granted only by the compatibilisers. TEM, SEM and XRD analyses indicated that there is a strict correlation between the compatibilisation level and the final interlayer distance achieved by OMM. Even if some filled compatibilised blends showed a fairly good morphology - in terms of phas...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Measurements of neutron and gamma-ray penetrations in an iron shield were performed up to a 60-cm depth in a tightly coupled source shield configuration with the fast-neutron reactor YAYOI as a source. Rates of neutron reactions and gamma-ray dose rates in the iron shield were obtained using activation foils and thermoluminescent dosimeters. Analyses of the experiments were made by using the DOT-III code with coupled neutron and gamma-ray cross sections from ENDF/B-IV and POPOP4 libraries. To obtain the source condition for the iron shield analyses, the calculated spectrum was adjusted to the measured reaction rates at the reactor shield boundary. The calculated neutron and gamma-ray distributions in the iron shield show fairly good agreement with the experiments. The effect of difference in Bondarenko-type self-shielding factors on the analyses of the iron shield is also shown.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Sputter coefficient of accelerated CO{sub 2} cluster ions hitting surfaces of various materials is investigated. For copper it varies proportional to the 2nd power of the energy between 155 and 260 keV. The rate of erosion for different target materials varies by two orders of magnitude from tungsten to PMMA. Diamond is eroded fairly quickly, while aluminum is eroded less than corundum (Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}). No simple correlation of the sputter coefficient on the bulk material properties is found. For copper the angular distribution of sputtered material is measured and found to be following roughly a cosine distribution. By using masks different microstructures have been produced in cobalt-samarium magnets, diamond and glass. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

General expressions for the interlattice displacements of the A-15 structure compounds are obtained in terms of the strain components making use of the deformation theory. The nature of the interlattice displacements of all the 8 atoms in the unit cell is discussed. It is found that the interlattice displacements occur in such a way that the pair of atoms along any linear chain move in opposite directions with equal magnitudes. Expression for the strain energy of these compounds is developed using deformation theory and this is compared with the strain energy expression from continuum theory to obtain the elastic constants. The theoretical values of the elastic constants fairly agree with the experimental values for V_3Si, V_3Ge and Nb_3Sn. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents experimental and analytical results of pipe whip tests performed under PWR LOCA conditions using a test pipe of 4-inch diameter and U-shaped restraints. In the tests, the effects of the overhang length on the pipe whip behavior of the piperestraints system were studied by measuring the strains and deformations of the test pipe and restraints, and the restraints forces. The equation for predicting the maximum strain at the outer surface of the pipe was derived using a static equilibrium condition. The calculated maximum strains at the outer surface of the pipe agree fairly well with experimental data. The dynamic response analysis of the pipe-restraints system was conducted by the finite element program ADINA. The applicability of the ADINA program to the pipe whip analysis is made clear through this analysis.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Tricking filters are a very promising alternative for the post treatment of effluents from UASB reactors treating domestic sewage,especially in developing countries. Although a fair amount of information is already available regarding organic mater removal in this combined system, very little is known in relation to nitrogen and surfactant removal in trickling filters post-UASB reactors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect evaluate and compare the effect of different application rates and packing media types on trickling filters applied to the post-treatment of effluents from UASB reactors, regarding the removal of ammonia nitrogen and surfactants. (Author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In past Outer Continental Shelf oil and gas lease sales, winners of drainage tracts have tended to realize a higher economic return than winners of wildcat tracts. This paper finds empirical support for the hypothesis that adjacent lessees have an information advantage when bidding for drainage tracts under the cash bonus bidding system. This leads to superior economic returns, and thus explains the difference in returns between wildcat and drainage leases. The paper concludes that this difference and its cause do not pose a policy problem given empirical evidence that the government receives fair market value for the two lease categories combined.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

British Columbia Hydro's new corporate strategic plan now recognizes two special responsibilities: to the province's native peoples and to the people of the Columbia River Basin. Eight strategic initiatives in the categories of obligations, investments, and opportunities are outlined. Four initiatives are aimed at meeting moral obligations: to pursue employment equity, to establish mutually beneficial business relationships with native peoples, to develop and maintain a leadership role in environmental stewardship, and to ensure a fair annual return on investment to the province. Two initiatives will see investments of strategic importance to British Columbia's future in the areas of job creation and economic progress throughout the province, notably in the Columbia River Basin. The final two initiatives concern development of export markets for the utility's technical services and expertise, and synergy with other Crown agencies ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The RADionuclide Transport, Removal, And Dose (RADTRAD) code is designed for US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) use to calculate the radiological consequences to the offsite population and to control room operators following a design-basis accident at Light Water Reactor (LWR) power plants. This code utilizes updated reactor accident source terms published in draft NUREG-1465, ``Accident Source Terms for Light-Water Nuclear Power Plants.`` The code will track the transport of radionuclides as they are released from the reactor pressure vessel, travel through the primary containment and other buildings, and are released to the environment. As the radioactive material is transported through the primary containment and other buildings, credit for several removal mechanisms may be taken including sprays, suppression pools, overlying pools, filters, and natural deposition. Simple models are available for these different removal mechanisms that use, as input, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conventional methods of financing power generation, transmission and distribution in India cannot keep pace with the ever-growing demand. Alternative methods are discussed. Given the vast growth potential, funding can be by equity or debt capital or a hybrid of these. There is an urgent necessity to develop local capital markets as a source of funds since there are limits to how much can be derived from foreign investors, multilaterals and export credit agencies. The domestic financial institutions have raised large amounts for private investment in other sectors. With the creation of a proper climate and power companies set up with an attractive rate of return, sufficient capital could be forthcoming from both domestic and external markets for the power sector. In other sectors, Indian companies have been able to attract investment through Global Depository Receipts and Euroconvertible Bonds, for example. A key requirement for the power sector is the development ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Contrary to previous plans for the preparation of diagnostic systems for D-T break-even experiments in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR), it now appears that a limited Q#approx#1 demonstration can be carried out without constructing a close-fitting igloo radiation shield around the tokamak. In order to assess the impact of D-T operation of TFTR without an igloo shield, particularly with regard to hardening of diagonstic systems, we have mapped neutron and gamma fluxes inside the test cell and test cell basement, using a variety of radiation measurements. The measurements are sufficiently detailed to resolve massive hardware components, such as neutral beams and shielded diagnostic systems, and can be used to predict local fluxes. By comparing the measurements with transport code calculations for the case of a bare tokamak, we conclude that the models have substantially overestimated fluxes both inside and outside the TFTR shield walls. It may be possible to eliminate an igloo ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The paper deals briefly with the basic nature of financial activity and markets and of the intermediaries, including banks, within these markets. It is argued that efforts by the authorities to affect monetary policy through controls on bank lending (quantitative and interest rates) are inefficient and only lead to circumvention. To the degree that prices (interest rates) are kept down in one area, they will be higher in another, and supply of credit reduced from one source will encourage a greater supply from another. The Campbell Committee's recommendations, if implemented, are likely to result in freer financial markets and to improve the resource development sector's access to finance. Clear examples would be the removal of foreign exchange restrictions and the setting up of a market-oriented exchange rate system. However, in one sense this access may be narrowed as the extension of bank-type prudential controls to bank subsidiaries and to all ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The {sup 252}Cf-source-driven frequency analysis method can be used for measuring the subcritical neutron multiplication factor of arrays of LWR fuel and as little as a single PWR fuel assembly. These measurements can be used to verify the criticality safety margins of spent LWR fuel configurations and thus could be a means of obtaining the information to justify burnup credit for spent LWR transportation/storage casks. In addition, the data can be used to validate calculational methods for criticality safety. These measurements provide parameters that have a higher sensitivity to changes in fissile mass than neutron multiplication factor and thus serve as a better test of calculational methods. The analysis have also shown that measurement of the cross power spectral density (CPSD) between detectors on one side of a single fuel assembly and an internal or external {sup 252}Cf source driving the fission chain multiplication process can be used for nondestructive ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The use of concentrated solar energy for co-producing Zn and synthesis gas from Zn O and natural gas upgrades the calorific value of the initial reactants by 39% and, when compared to the traditional carbothermic reduction of Zn O, has the potential of reducing CO{sub 2} emissions by up to 78%. An economic assessment for an industrial thermochemical plant, 30 to 51 MW solar input, indicates that the cost of solar production of zinc ranges between 89-133 $/t (excluding the cost of Zn O feed and credit for pollution abatement), and thus might be competitive with conventional fossil-fuel-based processes at current fuel prices. The cost of solar H{sub 2}, produced by splitting water with zinc, is estimated to be in the range 0.10-0.14 $/kWh, and it is a favorable long term prospect once the cost of energy will account for the environmental externalities from fossil fuel burning such as the costs for CO{sub 2} mitigation and pollution abatement. (author) 1 fig., 2 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NREL's Solar Advisor Model (SAM) is employed to estimate the current and future costs for parabolic trough and molten salt power towers in the US market. Future troughs are assumed to achieve higher field temperatures via the successful deployment of low melting-point, molten-salt heat transfer fluids by 2015-2020. Similarly, it is assumed that molten salt power towers are successfully deployed at 100MW scale over the same time period, increasing to 200MW by 2025. The levelized cost of electricity for both technologies is predicted to drop below 11 cents/kWh (assuming a 10% investment tax credit and other financial inputs outlined in the paper), making the technologies competitive in the marketplace as benchmarked by the California MPR. Both technologies can be deployed with large amounts of thermal energy storage, yielding capacity factors as high as 65% while maintaining an optimum LCOE.

CERN Document Server

Personal authentication is an important process we encounter almost every day; when we are logging on a computer, entering a company where we work, or a restricted area, when we are using our plastic credit cards to pay for a service or to complete some other financial transaction, etc. In each of these processes of personal authentication some kind of magnetic or optical token is required. But by using novel technologies like mobile computing and wireless networking, it is possible to avoid carrying multitude of ID cards or remembering a number of PIN codes. Article shows how to efficiently authenticate users via Personal Area Networks (PAN) like Bluetooth or IrDA using commonplace AES (Rijndel) or MD5 encryption. This method can be implemented on many types of mobile devices like Pocket PC PDA with Windows CE (Windows Mobile 2003) real-time operating system, or any other customized OS, so we will explain all components and key features of such basic system.

Science.gov (United States)

Development in organic farming has been stimulated by farmers and consumers becoming interested in healthy food products and sustainable environment. Organic agriculture is a holistic production management system which is based on the principles of health, ecology, care, and fairness. Organic development in Uganda has focused more on the crop sector than livestock sector and has primarily involved the private sector, like organic products export companies and non-governmental organizations. Agriculture in Uganda and many African countries is predominantly traditional, less mechanized, and is usually associated with minimum use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and drugs. This low external input agriculture also referred to as "organic by default" can create basis for organic farming where agroecological methods are introduced and present an alternative in terms of intensification to the current low-input/low-output systems. Traditional farming should not be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: To evaluate the significance of preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands to the surgical outcome in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Material and Methods: Thirty-nine patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were studied preoperatively with US (39 patients), CT (30 patients) and MR imaging (18 patients). The overall diagnostic accuracy for US was 87%, CT 66% and MR 94%. In patients with a single parathyroid adenoma US was the most cost-effective localization technique with a detection rate of 96%. CT had a lower detection rate (78%) but was of particular value for fairly large ectopic adenomas in the root of the neck. MR imaging was a good confirmatory test (93%). In patients with multiple gland disease (primary hyperplasia and multiple adenomas), no single localization study alone was sufficient. Combination of all 3 studies, however, alerted the physician to the presence of disease in more than one gland in 87% of these ...

CERN Document Server

Lyman-limit absorption systems can play many important roles during and after cosmological reionization. Unfortunately, due to the prohibitively large dynamic range required, it is impossible to self-consistently include these systems in cosmological simulations. Using fast and versatile semi-numeric simulations, we systematically explore the spatial distribution of absorption systems during and following reionization. We self-calibrate the resulting number of absorbers to the mean free path (mfp) of the ionizing ultraviolet background (UVB), and present results at a given mfp and neutral hydrogen fraction. We use a simple optical depth criterion to identify the locations of absorbers. Our approach is fairly robust to uncertainties such as missing subgrid structure. Unlike at lower redshifts where the UVB is relatively uniform, at higher redshifts the fluctuations in the UVB and the HII morphology of reionization can drive the large-scale distribution of absorption ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Activities in British Columbia's Fraser Valley generate an estimated 3 million tones of agriculture and food wastes annually, of which 85 per cent are readily available for anaerobic digestion. The potential for energy generation from biogas through anaerobic digestion is approximately 30 MW. On-farm manure-based systems represent the most likely scenario for the development of anaerobic digestion in British Columbia in the near future. Off-farm food processing wastes may be an alternative option to large centralized industrial complexes. Odour control, pathogen reduction, improved water quality, reduced greenhouse gas emissions and reduced landfill usage are among the environmental benefits of anaerobic digestion. The economical benefits include power and heat generation, biogas upgrading, and further processing of the residues to produce compost or animal bedding. This paper described a newly developed anaerobic digestion (AD) calculator that helps users regarding their ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The detailed electronic energy band structure of hexagonal close-packed #alpha#-zirconium, corresponding to the atomic configuration of 4d"25s"2 of its four outermost valence electrons, has been computed by the composite-wave variational version of the augmented-plane-wave(APW) method in conjunction with the X#alpha#(#alpha# = 0.70424) exchange approximation for obtaining the potentials. From these data the electronic density of states and its angular-momentum-decomposed components have been obtained by the Raubenheimer-Gilat method. These quantities are required in order to calculate the electron-phonon interaction parameter (lambda) and the superconducting transition temperature (Tsub(c)) within the framework of the theories of Gaspari and Gyorffy and McMillan. A study of the variation of Tsub(c) with the Coulomb pseudopotential (#mu#*) revealed that #mu#* = 0.1 yields the best agreement between theory and experiment for #alpha#-Zr. Also studied from the energy band data are the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A series of 2-alkylthiopyrine-4-carbothioamides were synthesized, and their anti-fungal potency was tested. The chemical structures were proved by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and {sup 1}H nuclear magnetic resonance ({sup 1}H-NMR) data and by elemental analysis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) assessment were used for the estimation of potential activity in vitro. The study comprising 21 clinical isolates of fungi showed that two compounds exhibited fair inhibitory activity against some yeasts and dermatophytes. Selective fungistatic activity against non-dermatophytes (MIC = 3.12-25.0 {mu}g/mL) was found also in another compound. None of the above compounds showed inhibitory activity against non-dermatophyte filamentous fungi. Microbiological activity of 2-alkylthiopyridine-4-carbothioamides appears to be mainly related to hydrophobicity of alkyl in position 2. (authors). 10 refs., 8 tabs.

CERN Document Server

Let A and B be two affinely generating sets of (Z_2)^n. As usual, we denote their Minkowski sum by A+B. How small can A+B be, given the cardinalities of A and B? We give a fairly tight answer to this question. Our bound is attained when both A and B are unions of cosets of a certain subgroup of (Z_2)^n. These cosets are arranged as Hamming balls, the smaller of which has radius 1. By similar methods, we reprove the Freiman-Ruzsa theorem in (Z_2)^n, with an optimal upper bound. Denote by F(K) the maximal spanning constant || / |A|, over all subsets A of (Z_2)^n with doubling constant |A+A| / |A| < K. We explicitly calculate F(K), and in particular show that 4^K / 4K < F(K) (1+o(1)) < 4^K / 2K. This improves the estimate F(K) = poly(K) 4^K, found recently by Green and Tao and by Konyagin.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A total of forty participants were included in the exercise, including NOAA, USEPA, state, Australian, Canadian, Mexican and Argentinean laboratories. Two samples were sent by NRC to each participant: a contaminated marine sediment from the vicinity of New York Bay and a freeze dried mussel (Mytilus edulis) from Charlottenlund, Denmark. Laboratories were also asked to analyze two certified reference materials NIST SRM 1566a, and NRC BCSS-1. The elements to be determined were Al, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Ag, Cd, Sn, Hg, and Pb for both matrices, plus Be, Si, Mn, Sb, and Tl for the sediments. An accepted mean and confidence interval were calculated for each analyte in the two unknown samples. Laboratory biases were identified and an overall rating of superior, good, fair or others was assigned to each laboratory.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Feasibility of mushy state forming of magnesium alloys making use of resistance heating was examined. Magnesium alloys, AZ31, AZ61 and AZ91, were taken up as experimental materials and cylindrical billets with a diameter of 15 mm and a height of 20 mm were used for both resistance heating and forming experiments. Input heat control was applied to the billet heating and insertion of thin discs of austenitic stainless steel with a low thermal conductivity between the billet and copper electrodes was attempted in order to improve the efficiency of the billet heating. Results were summarized as follows. (1) Resistance heating by input heat control was successful to heat the billets to their respective mushy state. (2) Insertion of the discs was very helpful in heating the billets and realized the heating in a couple of seconds. (3) The force applied to the electrodes to ensure the electrical contacts being too small, sparks occurred and welds arose between the billets and discs. Contact ...

Science.gov (United States)

Semi-inclusive pi+ electroproduction on protons has been measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. The measurement was performed on a liquid-hydrogen target using a 5.75 GeV electron beam. The complete five-fold differential cross sections were measured over a wide kinematic range in Q2, x, z, and pT and over the complete range of azimuthal angles, phi, enabling us to separate the different structure functions, H2+eps*H1, H3 and H4. Our measurements of H2 at low-x were found to be in fairly good agreement with pQCD calculations, suggesting a precocious factorization of the process. Indeed, the conventional f(x)*D(z) term can account for almost all of the observed cross section, even at small z. The measured xF-distributions are in qualitative agreement with high energy data, which suggests a surprising numerical similarity between the spectator diquark fragmentation in the present reaction and the anti-quark fragmentation measured in e+e- collisions. We ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

High-resolution sequence stratigraphy has been applied widely in the petroleum exploration and development, many achievements have been achieved. However, it is in the beginning stage that high-resolution sequence stratigraphy is applied to explore the sandstone-type uranium deposits in Erlian Basin. By applying principles of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and taking typical boreholes as an example, sedimentary cycles of Saihan Formation, the ore-bearing formation in Baiyinwula area are divided and correlated through cross sections. One long-term cycle (LSC_1), two middle-term cycles (MSC_1, MSC_2) have been identified in this study. Based on this and combined with the mineralization character of sandstone uranium deposits in this area, it is presented that the interlayer oxidation zone is developed mainly in the rising hemicycle of MSC_1 and uranium ore bodies predominantly in channel sand bodies that were developed in the system tract with low accommodation; furthermore, it is ...

CERN Document Server

Shared memory multiprocessors come back to popularity thanks to rapid spreading of commodity multi-core architectures. As ever, shared memory programs are fairly easy to write and quite hard to optimise; providing multi-core programmers with optimising tools and programming frameworks is a nowadays challenge. Few efforts have been done to support effective streaming applications on these architectures. In this paper we introduce FastFlow, a low-level programming framework based on lock-free queues explicitly designed to support high-level languages for streaming applications. We compare FastFlow with state-of-the-art programming frameworks such as Cilk, OpenMP, and Intel TBB. We experimentally demonstrate that FastFlow is always more efficient than all of them in a set of micro-benchmarks and on a real world application; the speedup edge of FastFlow over other solutions might be bold for fine grain tasks, as an example +35% on OpenMP, +226% on Cilk, +96% on TBB for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study, drought analysis of annual flows of Jindong, Hyunpoong, and Waekwan stations located at Nakdong River Basins was performed based on multivariate stochastic models. The stochastic models used were multivariate autoregressive model(MAR) and multivariate contemporaneous (MCAR) model. MCAR(1) and MAR(1) models were selected to be appropriate models for these stations based on skewness test of normality, test of uncorrelated residuals, and correlograms of the residual series of each model. The statistics generated by MCAR(1) model and MAR(1) model resembled very closely those computed from historical series. The drought characteristics such as run length, run sum, and run intensity were fairly well reproduced for the various lengths of generated annual flows based on the MCAR(1) and MAR(1) models. Thus, these drought characteristics may give the important information in planning mid or long term water supplying systems. (author). 18 refs., 5 tabs., 6 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH`s) are ubiquitous hydrophobic organic pollutants in the marine environment. Many of the PAM`s are classified as possible carcinogens or mutagens, therefore they are of considerable concern to human and environmental health. The highest concentrations are found in coastal regions due to anthropogenic activities including oil spills, tanker operations, incomplete fossil fuel combustion and runoff. The sources and distribution of PAM`s in sediments are fairly well known, while the fate and transport of PAH`s in the marine environment are less known. Desorption is an important factor influencing the fate and transport of hydrophobic molecules at the seawater/sediment interface. The desorption of PAH`s from contaminated marine sediments to the water column/pore water affects the availability of the pollutant to biota. The sorption of PAH`s is determined in part by the organic carbon content of the sediments. The presence of ...

CERN Document Server

This paper addresses the problem of fair equilibrium selection in graphical games. Our approach is based on the data structure called the {\\em best response policy}, which was proposed by Kearns et al. \\cite{kls} as a way to represent all Nash equilibria of a graphical game. In \\cite{egg}, it was shown that the best response policy has polynomial size as long as the underlying graph is a path. In this paper, we show that if the underlying graph is a bounded-degree tree and the best response policy has polynomial size then there is an efficient algorithm which constructs a Nash equilibrium that guarantees certain payoffs to all participants. Another attractive solution concept is a Nash equilibrium that maximizes the social welfare. We show that, while exactly computing the latter is infeasible (we prove that solving this problem may involve algebraic numbers of an arbitrarily high degree), there exists an FPTAS for finding such an equilibrium as long as the best ...

CERN Document Server

This paper describes a study of comparison of global and one-dimensional local optimization methods to operating system scheduler tuning. The operating system scheduler we use is the Linux 2.6.23 Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS) running in simulator (LinSched). We have ported the Hackbench scheduler benchmark to this simulator and use this as the workload. The global optimization approach we use is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). We make use of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to specify optimal parameters for our PSO implementation. The one-dimensional local optimization approach we use is the Golden Section method. In order to use this approach, we convert the scheduler tuning problem from one involving setting of three parameters to one involving the manipulation of one parameter. Our results show that the global optimization approach yields better response but the one- dimensional optimization approach converges to a solution faster than the global ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

General corrosion testing of Alloy 800 tube material by the General Electric Co. using out of pile loops with steam temperatures in the range 430 to 770 deg.C and 70 at. pressure with a surface heat flux of 55 W.cm"-"2 and flow velocities of 30 to 60 m.sec"-"1 showed after about 5000 h (a) a relatively moderate loss of metal at a fairly high corrosion rate, (b) a relatively high loss of oxide to the steam phase, and (c) the formation of a zone at the metal surface depleted in chromium by diffusion to the oxide film. It is important to establish whether these results for Alloy 800 were typical of those to be expected under heat transfer, and whether they could be used as a basis for extrapolation to the higher heat fluxes and longer exposure time relevant to superheat applications. Additional corrosion tests in superheated steam of 1000 h duration under isothermal conditions were therefore undertaken and an experimental loop was built to study the effects of high ...

CERN Multimedia

Conference excitement recalled by "CERN courier" report

Science.gov (United States)

A prospective, side-by-side comparison study of two different lasers for the treatment of solar- induced telangiectasia was carried out in 14 patients at the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic. The argon tunable dye laser (Coherent, Palo Alto, Calif.) was used in the method modified from Orenstein and Nelson to completely treat discrete telangiectasias on one cheek. Specifically, the argon tunable dye laser (ATDL) was set at 0.7 - 0.8 watts, 585 nm wavelength, shutter-pulsed at 0.1 second duration with a spot size of 0.1 mm, and individual vessels were 'traced out' with 4X loupe magnification. Each patient's opposite cheek was then treated in the standard fashion with the flashlamp pulsed dye laser (Candela, Natick, Mass.) using a technique similar to Polla's et al. Specifically, the flashlamp pulsed dye laser (FPDL) was set at 585 nm wavelength, pulsed mode of 450 microseconds pulse duration, spot size of 5 mm, overlapping 10 - 20%, with power densities of 5.5 to 6.5 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An outline of Manitoba Hydro's Earth Power program was presented. Details of the heat pump market in Manitoba were provided, including details of residential and commercial sales. Total residential heat pump sales amounted to 577 units in 2004, equivalent to over $11.2 million in sales. Commercial installations amounted to approximately $12.7 million. An outline of industry players was presented. The goals of Manitoba Hydro were outlined in relation to geothermal energy and the Power Smart program. Their objectives included increasing awareness of geothermal energy, making heat pumps more accessible, and improving industry infrastructure. Other objectives included educating the public about life-cycle cost implications, residential loans and commercial incentives. To date, the residential power loan has provided financing to over 300 Manitoba home owners for installations, with electrical savings of over 1.34 Gwh and natural gas savings of 279,425 m"3. The program is also committed to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

One of the challenges facing Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects today is their limited ability to secure financing for the underlying greenhouse gas emission reduction activities, particularly in the least developed countries. Among the key reasons for this is the fact that most financial intermediaries in the CDM host countries have limited or no knowledge of the CDM Modalities and Procedures. Moreover, approaches, tools and skills for CDM project appraisal are lacking or are asymmetrical to the skills in comparable institutions in developed countries. Consequently, developing country financial institutions are unable to properly evaluate the risks and rewards associated with investing or lending to developers undertaking CDM projects, and therefore have, by-and-large, refrained from financing these projects. In addition, some potential project proponents lack experience in structuring arrangements for financing a project. This Guidebook - commissioned by the UNEP Risoe Centre ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The suitability of the sunflower for biodiesel production was discussed in terms of the reference values on carbon dioxide equivalents (CO{sub 2eq}) emissions for every phase of the biofuels chain as indicated in the European Union (EU) Directive on renewable energies. A life cycle analysis performed on the agricultural phase of the sunflower showed that CO{sub 2eq} emissions from the cultivation phase exceeded the EU reference value. This paper highlighted the relevance of allocation methods to spread out energy consumption and CO{sub 2eq} emissions among sunflower biodiesel and oilcake. Allocation was made according to the principles of mass content, energy content and the economic value of co-products. The CO{sub 2eq} reductions obtained with the 3 methods were approximately 60, 50 and 25 per cent, respectively when compared to a case without allocation. Since these methods did not distinguish the different functionality of co-products in relation to their real use, this study also ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In light of the recent rapid increase in the fossil fuel prices it is meaningful to evaluate the impact of these price changes in the economics of dual-purpose desalination projects producing electricity and fresh water simultaneously. The price of crude oil and LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) has increased by about 200% and 100% during the past three or four years. The uranium price has also increased by nearly 500% during the same period. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare the economics of SMART (System-integrated Modular Advanced ReacTor) which is being developed as a small size PWR type and the LNG Combine Cycle coupled with MED (Multi-Effect Distillation) which are being acknowledged as promising energy sources for the future in Korea. The methods of analysis used in this paper are the lifetime leveled cost method for the power and water cost calculation and the power credit method for the total cost allocation. DEEP (Devaluation Economic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The world`s population of research reactors is growing old. Many have been adapted to serve new purposes over their lives, from testing materials for nuclear power programmes and supporting neutron physics experiments, to colouring gemstones, doping silicon and generating medical isotopes. In the first article of this survey of research reactor issues, Wilfried Krull from GKSS in Germany describes the effects on a reactor of supporting these changes in application as ``design ageing`` . Managing this and other symptoms of ageing to extend plant life is a key task for operators, and Krull discusses the efforts being made internationally to handle them. Eventually, terminal decline of one vital component can determine when a reactor has to be shutdown for refurbishment. For BR2 in Belgium, it was the beryllium matrix. Edgar Koonen from SCK-CEN explains work being done to replace it and extend reactor life for around 15 years. The Triga at the University of Austria`s Atomic Institute has ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The report evaluates the most recent developments in Slovak forestry and provides a wide range of economic, social and environmental data associated with the sector in 2003. Extended summary is published in English.

Science.gov (United States)

No Abstract Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Quality reporting tools, integrated with ambulatory electronic health records, can help clinicians and administrators understand performance, manage populations, and improve quality. Report Central...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Appendices to this summary consist of twelve individual status reports that will be available through the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) in the United States and of course limited copies will be available through NATO. The twelve report titles which are appendices to the summary are: (A) Status Report on the Limestone/Sludge Flue Gas Desulfurization Process; (B) Status Report on the Lime/Sludge Flue Gas Desulfurization Process; (C) Status Report on the Double Alkali/Sludge Flue Gas Desulfurization Process; (D) Status Report on the Sea Water Scrubbing Flue Gas Desulfurization Process; (E) Status Report on the Limestone/Gypsum Flue Gas Desulfurization Process; (F) Status Report on the Lime/Gypsum Flue Gas Desulfurization Process; (G) Status Report on the Double Alkali/Gypsum Flue Gas ...

Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand 1868-1961

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Annual report of performance against FY2000 performance evaluation and fee aggreement.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: The IRSN has been organizing enquiries with the French population about risk and risk perception for a long time. In 2002, a collaboration between the IRSN in France and the SCK.CEN in Belgium has been set-up to simultaneously (November 2002) organise this poll in both countries. In each country, a representative sample of the population (over 1000 participants per country) has been consulted by Computer Aided Personal Interviews of about 30 minutes with the professional help of commercial companies: BVA in France and Research International in Belgium. The enquiry yields a broad spectrum of interesting data; here only the results relevant for the emergency context will be presented. One should be aware that these data were collected in a 'normal' period; important differences in behaviour may occur given a serious crisis. A first finding is that more than half of the respondents are convinced that an accident as severe as the Chernobyl disaster may happen in their country as ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper, the analysis of carbonate depositional systems, using high resolution sequence stratigraphy, studies the ratio between change in accommodation space and skeletal carbonate production. This approach establishes the concurrent change in nature of facies belts (expansion, retraction and type) and fossil communities, within the detailed time frame in accommodation. Carbonate production is generally considered to be a fairly simple function of environmental conditions such as climate and water depth. However, data from several case studies also show a covariance between change in stratigraphic architecture of carbonate systems (the seaward or landward stepping stacking patterns of stratigraphic units) and charge in facies. Case studies include Carboniferous algal mound development in the Paradox Basin (USA), Devonian stromatoporoid reef development in Alberta (Canada), and Cenomanian rudistid shoal development in Oman. The hypotheses are tested on cases ...

Science.gov (United States)

Silver iron oxide nanoparticles of fairly small size (average diameter approximately 1 nm) with narrow size distribution have been synthesized by the interaction of colloidal beta- Fe2O3 and silver nanoparticles. The surface morphology and size of these particles have been analyzed by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Their structural analysis has been carried out by employing x-ray diffraction (XRD), selected-area electron diffraction (SAED), optical and infrared (IR) spectroscopic techniques. The ageing of these particles exhibits the formation of self-assembly, possibly involving weak supramolecular interactions between Ag(I)O4 and Fe(III)O4 species. These particles display the onset of absorption in the near-infrared region and have higher absorption coefficient in the visible range compared to that of its precursors. Magnetic measurements reveal an interesting ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Over the recent years the nuclear structure around the N = 50 shell closure, which is very pronounced in the strontium and zirconium isotopes, has been the subject of extensive experimental and theoretical work. On the proton side Z = 38 and Z = 40 provide fairly closed sub-shells. In the strontium isotopes the lg/sub 9/2/ neutron shell is closed at "8"8Sr, supplying relatively pure neutron-hole and neutron-particle states with large spectroscopic factors in "8"7Sr and "8"9Sr, as well as core-coupled states. The mass region is thus ideally suited to examine the transition from a correlated to an uncorrelated (chaotic?) excitational behavior. These two types are characterized e.g. by the density of excited states, the transition strengths, and the spectroscopic factors observed in transfer reactions. We conducted (n,#gamma#) and (d,p) reactions leading to /sup 87,88,89/Sr in addition to "8"8Sr(d,t)"8"7Sr and 24 keV neutron capture in "8"8Sr. The vast amounts of data ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We labelled Lipiodol with yttrium-90 and analysed the biodistribution in rats after intrahepatic arterial injection. An RP-18 column was used to separate {sup 90}Y from strontium-90. {sup 90}Y was retained on the column, which had been pretreated with yttrium-selective extraction reagent, di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, while {sup 90}Sr was washed out. A hexadentate nitrogen-donor chelating ligand N,N,N`,N`-tetrakis(2-benzymidazolylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (EDTB) was synthesized by condensation of 1,2-benzenediamine and ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA). Lipiodol was covalently conjugated with EDTB. The final product was obtained by eluting the retained {sup 90}Y from the RP-18 column with EDTB-Lipiodol. Sixteen male rats (Sprague-Dawley) were sacrificed at 1 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (four rats at each time) after injection of approximately 0.1 mCi {sup 90}Y-Lipiodol via the hepatic artery. Samples of liver, spleen, muscle, lung, kidney, bone, whole blood and testis were obtained ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Understanding the structure of the nucleon is a fundamental question in subatomic physics, and it has been under intensive investigation for the last several years. Modern research focuses in particular on the spin structure of the nucleon. Experimental and theoretical investigations worldwide over the last few decades have established that, contrary to nave quark model expectations, quarks carry only about 30% of the totd spin of the proton. The origin of the remaining spin is the key question in current hadronic physics and also the major driving forces for the current and future experiments, such as RHIC and CEBAF in US, JPARC in Japan, COMPASS at CERN in Europe, FAIR at GSI in Germany. Among these studies, the transverse-spin physics develops actively and rapidly in the last few years. Recent studies reveal that transverse-spin physics is closely related to many fundamental properties of the QCD dynamics such as the factorization, the non-trivial universality ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This dissertation deals with the control of active power flow, or load flow in electric power systems. During the last few years, interest in the possibilities to control the active power flows in transmission systems has increased significantly. There is a number of reasons for this, coming both from the application side - that is, from power system operations - and from the technological side. where advances in power electronics and related technologies have made new system components available. Load flow control is by nature a multi-input multi-output problem, since any change of load flow in one line will be complemented by changes in other lines. Strong cross-coupling between controllable components is to be expected, and the possibility of adverse interactions between these components cannot be rejected straightaway. Interactions with dynamic phenomena in the power system are also a source of concern. Three controllable components are investigated in this thesis, namely the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is anticipated that early in the next century manned missions into outer space will occur, with a mission to Mars scheduled between 2015 and 2020. However, before such missions can be undertaken, a realistic estimation of the potential risks to the flight crews is required. One of the uncertainties remaining in this risk estimation is that posed by the effects of exposure to the radiation environment of outer space. Although the composition of this environment is fairly well understood, the biological effects arising from exposure to it are not. The reasons for this are three-fold: (1) A small but highly significant component of the radiation spectrum in outer space consists of highly charged, high energy (HZE) particles which are not routinely experienced on earth, and for which there are insufficient data on biological effects; (2) Most studies on the biological effects of radiation to date have been high-dose, high dose-rate, whereas in space, with the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

M-shell x-ray production cross sections for selected heavy elements, namely, _7_2Hf, _7_3Ta, _7_4W, _7_5Re, _7_6Os, _7_7Ir, _7_8Pt, _7_9Au, _8_3Bi, and _9_0Th, were measured for protons of energy 0.6--4.0 MeV. The experimental results are compared with the predictions of the first Born and semiclassical approximations for M-shell ionization; these data are also compared with the theory that accounts for the projectile's energy loss and Coulomb deflection as well as for the target's M-shell electron perturbed stationary state and relativistic nature (ECPSSR). Generally, fair agreement between the data and the ECPSSR theory is found. Some systematical discrepancies observed for the lightest elements (Hf, Ta, and W) are explained as possible ambiguities in the M-shell Coster-Kronig factors and fluorescence yields, which were used to convert theoretical M-subshell ionization cross sections to the total M-x-ray production cross sections. The experimental total M-shell ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three reactive materials were evaluated at laboratory scale to identify the optimum treatment reagent for use in a Permeable Reactive Barrier Treatment System at Rocky Flats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS). The contaminants of concern (COCS) are uranium, TCE, PCE, carbon tetrachloride, americium, and vinyl chloride. The three reactive media evaluated included high carbon steel iron filings, an iron-silica alloy in the form of a foam aggregate, and a peculiar humic acid based sorbent (Humasorb from Arctech) mixed with sand. Each material was tested in the laboratory at column scale using simulated site water. All three materials showed promise for the 903 Mound Site however, the iron filings were determined to be the least expensive media. In order to validate the laboratory results, the iron filings were further tested at a pilot scale (field columns) using actual site water. Pilot test results were similar to laboratory results; consequently, the iron filings were chosen for the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A century ago--in the year J.J. Thomson discovered the electron--electricity, gas and traction companies battled for markets, and corrupt city councils demanded their fair share of the take. One tycoon became so disgusted with the confusion and dishonesty that he decided to bribe the legislature to set up an honest, state-run regulatory agency that would bring order to chaos. But he was found out. The scandal set back the cause of regulation until 1907, the year in which the electric washing machine and the vacuum cleaner were invented. By then, electricity sales had septupled from 1897 levels, and three states had established utility regulation. In the coming decade, 1997 to 2007, the utility business could undergo similar dramatic change, but it will move toward less regulation and more competition during a period of slow growth. Management will have to work harder to achieve success, however, because much of the profits will have to come not from a growing ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Norway is privileged with extensive resources of natural gas, oil and hydropower. Location of gas fired combined cycle (CC) power plants in Norway offers advantages due to the availability of natural gas from the Norwegian continental shelf and fairly low ambient temperatures, giving high fuel-to-electricity conversion efficiency. The continental shelf provides large storage capacity for CO{sub 2} in deep saline aquifers and in drained gas fields. In this paper the results of extensive work on CO{sub 2} capture carried out during the last years by Statoil in co-operation with several engineering contractors, are presented. The goal has been to develop a commercially viable concept for a combined cycle power plant including CO{sub 2} capture and sequestration. The main concept is based on CO{sub 2} capture from exhaust gas from a combined cycle power plant, using absorption by amine (MEA) solutions. The CO{sub 2} is compressed, transported by pipeline and stored in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This facility has treatment capacity of 12 kg/hr, and is equipped with a furnace, two ceramic filter chambers, each of which hangs inside the 36 ceramic filter elements having mean pore size of 44 #mu#m. Three series of experiments were performed during a period from October 1972 to August 1973. The first was measurement of the change of pressure drop of the primary and the secondary filters after an operation of 52 days (352 hours). The pressure drop of the primary filter did not change during the operation, but the secondary brought a fairly large increment, from 79 to 140 mmAq. The second was measurement of the after-burning effect of the primary filter for the soot and tar in the off-gas. Through the after-burning most of the soot was removed from the off-gas, though the tar was not perfectly taken off. At the secondary filter, some of the tar was burnt, but most of it was caught by the filter as aerosol. The third was measurement of decontamination factors of ...

Science.gov (United States)

Our Universe is ruled by quantum mechanics and its extension quantum field theory. However, the explanations for a number of cosmological phenomena such as inflation, dark energy, symmetry breakings, and phase transitions need the presence of classical scalar fields. Although the process of condensation of scalar fields in the lab is fairly well understood, the extension of results to a cosmological context is not trivial. Here we investigate the formation of a condensate--a classical scalar field--after reheating of the Universe. We assume a light quantum scalar field produced by the decay of a heavy particle, which for simplicity is assumed to be another scalar. We show that during the radiation domination epoch under certain conditions, the decay of the heavy particle alone is sufficient for the production of a condensate. This process is very similar to preheating--the exponential particle production at the end of inflation. During the matter domination epoch ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In celery (Apium graveolens L.), the two major translocated carbohydrates are sucrose and the acyclic polyol mannitol. Their metabolism, however, is different and their specific functions are uncertain. To compare their roles in carbon partitioning and sink-source transitions, developmental changes in /sup 14/CO/sub 2/ labeling, pool sizes, and key enzyme activities in leaf tissues were examined. The proportion of label in mannitol increased dramatically with leaf maturation whereas that in sucrose remained fairly constant. Mannitol content, however, was high in all leaves and sucrose content increased as leaves developed. Activities of mannose-6-P reductase, cytoplasmic and chloroplastic fructose-1,6-bis-phosphatases, sucrose phosphate synthase, and sucrose synthase increased with leaf maturation and decreased as leaves senesced. Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and nonreversible glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase activities rose as leaves developed but did not ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This compilation contains 44 ACRS reports submitted to the Commission, or to the Executive Director for Operations, during calendar year 1995. It also includes a report to the Congress on the NRC Safety Research Program. All reports have been made available to the public through the NRC Public Document Room and the US Library of Congress. The reports are divided into two groups: Part 1: ACRS Reports on Project Reviews, and Part 2: ACRS Reports on Generic Subjects. Part 1 contains ACRS reports by project name and by chronological order within project name. Part 2 categorizes the reports by the most appropriate generic subject area and by chronological order within subject area.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This compilation contains 50 ACRS reports submitted to the Commission, Executive Director for Operations, or to the Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, during calendar year 1992. It also includes a report to the Congress on the NRC Safety Research Program. All reports have been made available to the public through the NRC Public Document Room and the US Library of Congress. The reports are divided into two groups: Part 1: ACRS Reports on Project Reviews, and Part 2: ACRS Reports on Generic Subjects. Part I contains ACRS reports alphabetized by project name and by chronological order within project name. Part 2 categorizes the reports by the most appropriate generic subject area and by chronological order within subject area.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This compilation contains 41 Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS) reports submitted to the Commission, Executive Director for Operations, or to the Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, during calendar year 1991. It also includes a report to the Congress on the NRC Safety Research Program. All reports have been made available to the public through the NRC Public Document Room and the US Library of Congress. The reports are divided into two groups: Part 1: ACRS Reports on Project Reviews, and Part 2: ACRS Reports on Generic Subjects. Part 1 contains ACRS reports alphabetized by project name and by chronological order within project name. Part 2 categorizes the reports by the most appropriate generic subject area and by chronological order within subject area.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This compilation contains 47 ACRS reports submitted to the Commission or to the Executive Director for Operations during calendar year 1988. It also includes a report to the Congress on the NRC Safety Research Program. All reports have been made available to the public through the NRC Public Document Room and the US Library of Congress. The reports are divided into two groups: Part 1, ACRS Reports on Project Reviews, and Part 2, ACRS Reports on Generic Subjects. Part 1 contains ACRS reports alphabetized by project name and within project name by chronological order. Part 2 categorizes the reports by the most appropriate generic subject area and within subject area by chronological order. 136 refs., 1 tab.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This compilation contains 31 Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS) reports submitted to the Commission or to the Executive Director for Operations during calendar year 1990. It also includes a report to the Congress on the NRC Safety Research Program. All reports have been made available to the public through the NRC Public Document Room and the US Library of Congress. The reports are divided into two groups: Part 1: ACRS Reports on Project Reviews, and Part 2: ACRS Reports on Generic Subject. Part 1 contains ACRS reports alphabetized by project name and by chronological order within project name. Part 2 categorizes the reports by the most appropriate generic subject area and by chronological order within subject area.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Functioning adrenocortical oncocytomas are extremely rare and most reported patients are 40-60 yr of age. To our knowledge, only 2 cases of functioning adrenocortical oncocytomas have been reported...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Primary peritoneal pregnancy has been reported and debated for almost a century. Case reports using Studdiford's criteria and later modified criteria have substantiated the entity, but the pathogenesis...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The article reviews the Rothschild First Interim Report on the future of the British Coal Industry and British Coal Corporation. The report incorporates work undertaken by the Joint Working Groups set up with British Coal. The article points out various errors in the report and criticizes its conclusions.

Science.gov (United States)

Brief summaries of all final reports relating to contracts that were completed during 1962 are presented. 20 summaries are included. (P.C.H.)

Science.gov (United States)

Moreover, when the gun barreL is swung through an an~1e ran~e, ... the ta~jerin the gun barrel and 'theair leakage throlughthe ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Anomalies of the urethra are uncommon. Urethrorectal fistula in horses has only been reported in foals and only in conjunction with other congenital anomalies. This report describes the diagnosis, surgical...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

VORTEX VALVE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS. 49. VENTED VORTEX VALVE. 50. VORTEX DIVERTER VALVE- ... 46 AND VORTEX MIXING VALVE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

IntroductionSpontaneous recurrent pneumothorax during pregnancy is a rare condition. Few cases have been reported previously in the literature. There is no universal guideline for...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

at present, some of which, like magnetic forming and hot-drape forming, are in experimental stages. NASA SP-5017 1965 52pp. GPO 40cents ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Although hospital-associated spread of vaccinia has been reported in the past, there have been no recent reports. This paper describes hospital-associated spread of vaccinia virus infection, supplies...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

Milstar is a flexible, robust satellite communications ... of the Milstar system includes services capable of supporting status reporting, ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Purpose: This preliminary report describes the development and implementation of a project to improve access to literature in Latin American social medicine (LASM).Methods:...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

The report contains general information on aluminium and aluminium compounds concerning the existing standards, emissions, exposure levels and effect levels. The document is to be considered as a first evaluation to be used for the national discussion dur...

Science.gov (United States)

... I3a. -YPE OF REPORT T7b 7,ME COVEE 14 DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month. ... the addition of various materials to the standard flare in order to ...

Wastenet

Waste Technology and Innovation Study Final Report ...Waste Technology and Innovation Study Final Report 21/18569/150554 ...Survey of waste and resource recovery related technology and innovation, including products and product uses

Science.gov (United States)

May 25, 2007 ... This form will generate a bibliography of cost estimating references. The form will search the NASA Technical Report Service (NTRS) database ...

Science.gov (United States)

Procedures for a New High-Strength, Beta Titanium Alloy having. Superior Formability, " Technical Report AFML-TR-69-171, Air ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This second volume contains detailed information on a number of specific topics relevant to the recovery/recycling of plastics.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Annual report of fuel cell projects sponsored by Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report contains preconceptual designs and planning level life-cycle cost estimates for managing hazardous waste. The report`s information on treatment, storage, and disposal modules can be integrated to develop total life-cycle costs for various waste management options. A procedure to guide the US Department of Energy and its contractor personnel in the use of cost estimation data is also summarized in this report.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:19887693

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Public Law 95-209 includes a requirement that the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards submit an annual report to Congress on the safety research program of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. This report presents the results of the ACRS review and evaluation of the NRC safety research program for Fiscal Year 1982. The report contains a number of comments and recommendations.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Waste Acceptance Preliminary Specifications (WAPS) require that the DWPF estimate the inventory of long-lived radionuclides present in the waste glass, and report the values in the Waste Form Qualification Report. In this report, conservative (biased high) estimates of the radionuclide inventory of glass produced from waste currently in the Tank Farm are provided. In most cases, these calculated values compare favorably with actual data. In those cases where the agreement is not good, the values reported here are conservative.

Science.gov (United States)

Site Error There's a problem with your browser or settings. ...

CERN Document Server

Managing far-flung knowledge

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... was noted. It was reported that similar fibers also grew on particles of thermal carbon black at a temperature of 10500 and in an atmosphere ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

KoreaScience (Korea)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report provides a summary of progress for the project {open_quotes}Evaluation of the Geologic Relations and Seismotectonic Stability of the Yucca Mountain Area, Nevada Nuclear Waste Site Investigation (NNWSI).{close_quotes} A similar report was previously provided for the period of 1 October 1991 to 30 September 1992. The report initially covers the activities of the General Task and is followed by sections that describe the progress of the other ongoing tasks.

CSIR Research Space (South Africa)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The results of the 2006 investigation of contaminant sources at Navarre, Kansas, clearly demonstrate the following: {sm_bullet} Sources of carbon tetrachloride contamination were found on the Navarre Co-op property. These sources are the locations of the highest concentrations of carbon tetrachloride found in soil and groundwater at Navarre. The ongoing groundwater contamination at Navarre originates from these sources. {sm_bullet} The sources on the Co-op property are in locations where the Commodity Credit Corporation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (CCC/USDA) never conducted grain storage operations. {sm_bullet} No definitive sources of carbon tetrachloride were identified on the portion of the current Co-op property formerly used by the CCC/USDA. {sm_bullet} The source areas on the Co-op property are consistent with the locations of the most intense Co-op operations, both historically and at present. The Co-op historically stored carbon tetrachloride for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By means of a global mode analysis of ideal MHD modes for Mercier-unstable equilibria in a planar axis L=2/M=10 heliotron/torsatron system with an inherently large Shafranov shift, the conjecture from local mode analysis for Mercier-unstable equilibria given in [N. Nakajima, Phys. Plasmas 3, 4556 (1996)] has been confirmed and the properties of pressure-driven modes, namely, ballooning modes and interchange modes, inherent to such three-dimensional systems have been clarified. The change of the local magnetic shear due to the Shafranov shift, which is related to toroidicity, reduces the field line bending stabilizing effects on ballooning modes. According to the degree of the reduction of the local magnetic shear by the Shafranov shift, the Mercier-unstable equilibria are categorized into toroidicity-dominant (strong reduction) and helicity-dominant (weak reduction) Mercier-unstable equilibria. Since the local magnetic curvature due to helicity has the same period M in the toroidal ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report presents the main conclusions of 15 years of researches managed by the CEA. This report is the preliminary version of the 2005 final report. It presents the main conclusions of the actions on the axis 1 and 3 of the law of the 30 December 1991. The synthesis report on the axis 1 concerns results obtained on the long lived radionuclides separation and transmutation in high level and long lived radioactive wastes. the synthesis report on the axis 3 presents results obtained by the processes of conditioning and of ground and underground long term storage. (A.L.B.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

While no mine in Queensland has yet extracted shale oil economically, large resources of oil shale are known to occur throughout the State. These resources have been reported to the Queensland Department of Resource Industries (formerly the Department of Mines) according to a number of different parameters, using numerous methods of calculation and in some instances, detailed and comprehensive supporting information has not been provided. This paper outlines present methods of calculation and reporting of oil shale resources. A more uniform system of reporting resources of Queensland oil shale is desirable to enable an accountable and reliable estimate of resources to be made. It is intended that a code for the reporting of identified oil shale resources based on the present Australian codes for the reporting of identified mineral and coal resources be prepared, and that the ...

Science.gov (United States)

The Wolsung-1 CANDU 600 MWe plant is now in operation. This paper provides an update on the design, construction and commissioning progress reported at last year's conference. The accomplishments of the past year are highlighted with emphasis on how the s...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Progress is reported on: radon barrier systems for uranium mill tailings; liner evaluation for uranium mill tailings; revegetation/rock cover for stabilization of inactive U-tailings sites; and application of long-term chemical biobarriers for uranium tailings.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sparganosis is a rare parasitic infection affecting various organs, including the central nervous system, especially the lumbar epidural space. This report describes the identification of disease and...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

This report is the final report on the seismic testing of reactor components conducted since 1977 with opening of the vibration laboratory at KAERI. In 1979, forced vibration testing of Wolsung-1 steam generator model using sine dwell and white nosie rand...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Progress is reported in the following areas: metallurgy and ceramics (structure of materials, mechanical properties, physical properties), experimental research, and particle-solid interactions (irradiation effects on alloys). (DLC)

Science.gov (United States)

This report presents by state the status of awarded grants, requested grants, and the estimated time required to achieve required control of combined sewer overflow pollution. It also compares discharges of pollutants from treated municipal effluent with ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

This clinical report described the oral rehabilitation of a cleft lip and palate patient with removable partial denture. Although implant-supported fixed treatment was presented as part of the optimum...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

IntroductionWe report an unusual presentation of primary biliary cirrhosis.Case presentationWe present the case of a 66-year-old white British woman...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Case Report. A 37 years old patient at 40 weeks gestation presented with acute severe hypoxia with a seizure followed by fetal bradycardia. Caesarean section was performed under...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

PurposeTo report unusual ocular manifestations of branchio-oculo-facial syndrome (BOFS) caused by a novel mutation in activating enhancer binding protein 2 alpha (TFAP2A).MethodsFull...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

This report presents a summary of highlights of the year 1978. It then discusses: Research and development in numerical analysis and prediction systems; Techniques, development and application of new products; Analysis-forecast systems in operation use du...

Science.gov (United States)

... Tokyo Report: Japanese Government Budget for Materials R&D Date: 6/17/97 The National Science ... Graded Materials Area coordinator: Dr. Toshio Hirai, Professor, Institute for Materials Research ...

Science.gov (United States)

The U.S. government technical report is a primary means by which the results of federally funded

Wastenet

UNEP will provide in the first CPR quarterly report of 2011 the financial statements for 2010. ...for assessing and rating programme performance UNEP to work with the CPR to identify better ways of streamlining reporting requirements ...in 2011 to achieve the ratios requested by the CPR dependent on receipt of contributions originally planned for the

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Objective is to study the effects of local structure, interatomic forces, and atom size on the mobility of metal atoms in amorphous silica and at the silica surface. EXAFS studies of Zn and Pt in silica are reported. (DLC)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper we report a case with primarily unspecific arthralgia after surgical therapy of hallux valgus deformity and consecutive reflex sympathetic dystrophy in which MR led to the diagnosis of Lyme disease. (orig.)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Hepatic involvement was reported in about 11% of patients with sarcoidosis. However, cases of sarcoidosis in which the granuloma...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVE--To review findings from studies of the influence of desktop computers on primary care consultations. DESIGN--Systematic review of world reports from 1984 to 1994. SETTING--The computerised...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This is the first report of research for an ongoing study to evaluate the genetic effects of using hatchery-reared fish to supplement natural populations of chinook salmon and steelhead in the Snake River Basin.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundPlaster ingestion forming gastric bezoar is a strange way to attempt suicide and this method has not yet been reported. It may lead to a mechanical obstruction of the gut,...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

This is the final Report for the technical ''on-the-job traning'' for the Wolsung CANDU nuclear power plant which is the first Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor setting up in Korea. The technical ''on-the-job traning'' was established to increase the capabi...