Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A classic sum rule by Das et al. is extended to seven of the low-energy constant K{sub i}, introduced by Urech, which parameterizes electromagnetic corrections at chiral order O(e{sup 2}p{sup 2}). Using the spurion formalism, a simple convolution representation is shown to hold and the structure in terms of the chiral renormalization scale, QCD renormalization scale and the QED gauge parameter is displayed. The role of the resonances is studied as providing rational interpolants to relevant QCD n-point functions in the Euclidean domain. A variety of asymptotic constraints must be implemented which have phenomenological consequences. A current assumption concerning the dominance of the lowest-lying resonances is shown clearly to fail in some cases. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

180 deg magnet chamber is used in Folded Tandem Ion Accelerator for passage and 180 deg bending of ion beam. The chamber is placed between 180 deg terminal magnet (Electro-magnet), which is used for bending, and analysing the beams. Magnet with a particular magnetic field strength bends ions of only specified mass energy product through a precise path. There is also a space limitation in the direction of magnetic field. Both of them require the magnet chamber to be of a close tolerance. Accuracy of center distance between inlet and outlet port of the magnet chamber has to be at par with the concentricity of high energy and low energy beam line. To achieve this we started the fabrication of magnet chamber by following two methods: a) Circular rolling and bending of rectangular tube for 180 deg sector of magnet chamber b) Machining 180 deg sector in two half and welding. By first method we could not achieve the desired result although the method is very promising. ...

Science.gov (United States)

... que celle precedemment decrite, dont la formation peut etre causee par une trempabilite inadequate, un temps de maintien isotherme trop court ou ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The performance of five well-known photosynthesis-light equations is compared by presenting a wide range of solutions in the form of dimensionless nomographs for the case where photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) reduces exponentially down the water column and is distributed sinusoidally through the photoperiod. These provide a simple means of calculating daily photosynthesis at any depth (e.g. at a benthic layer), or through a water column, avoiding the need to perform complex integrations. An examination is made of the accuracy of common approximate methods for calculating daily photosynthesis, assuming constant PAR. For optically deep water a modification is proposed to Talling's planimetric solution, to enable daily photosynthesis to be calculated more accurately, yet simply, over the whole range of possible PAR values. The errors induced by approximating the daily PAR distribution ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Plants require solar radiation for photosynthesis and their growth is directly related to the amount received, assuming that other environmental parameters are not limiting. Therefore, precise estimation of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is necessary to enhance overall accuracies of plant growth models. This study aimed to explore the PAR radiant flux in the San Francisco Bay Area of northern California. During the growing season (March through August) for 2?years 2007?2008, the on-site magnitudes of photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) were investigated and then processed at both the hourly and daily time scales. Combined with global solar radiation (R S) and simulated extraterrestrial solar radiation, five PAR-related values were developed, i.e., flux density-based PAR ...

CERN Document Server

In this paper we describe the geodesics of a left-invariant sub-Riemannian metric on the three-dimensional solvable Lie group $SOLV^-$.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Stability concerns of the Par Pond Dam, an embankment structure in the Savannah River Site complex, resulted in a comprehensive evaluation of the state of its integrity. Specifically, excessive seepage through the embankment, slope failure due to an earthquake event as well as liquefaction potential of the embankment and the foundation are addressed and the potential of failure is evaluated. Lastly, remedial benefits of the addition of a berm structure are also assessed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The basic principles of determination of the ash content of coal by the title methods are outlined. A brief technical characteristic of the ash meters and radionuclide X-ray fluorescence analyzers manufactured by the PAR company is presented. (Z.S.). 4 figs., 7 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Extraction of copper-, nickel-, zinc- and cadmium complexes with 4-(2 pyridilazo)-resorcin (PAR) is studied in the presence of 2-aminopyridine (Am). Maximum optical densities of the extracts are attained at pH=7.5-8.0; 6.0-7.0; 6.5-7.0 and 7.0-8.0, respectively. The ratio of components in the complexes extractable by chloroform was defined by the method of isomolar series and equilibrium shift. It is established that nickel and copper are extracted to the organic phase as the NiAm(PAR)_2 and CuAmPAR complexes, and, in the case of zinc and cadmium, complexes of different composition are extracted, for example Zn(Am)_2PAR and ZnAm(PAR)_2. The light absorption spectra are studied and molar extinction coefficients of complex extracts are determined at lambdasub(max). It is shown that the general low of light absorption is observed within a sufficiently wide range of concentrations for ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This is a short tribute to Aleksandr A. Borovkov on the occasion of his 80th birthday.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Scandium reacts with 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol in the presence of monocarboxylic acids (X) to form mixed-ligand complexes with a Sc:PAR:x ratio of 1:2:2. The chemical nature of this interaction has been established, and the extraction of these mixed-ligand complexes has also been investigated; stability constants and molar extinction coefficients have been calculated. The values of the latter decrease in the order CH_3COOH > CH_2ClCOOH > CCl_3COOH. The formation and extraction of mixed-ligand complexes in Sc-PAR-HX systems make it possible to increase the sensitivity and selectivity of scandium determination in comparison with the use of the Sc-PAR mono-ligand complex.

Science.gov (United States)

Established Investigators (K18) (PAR-09-090) NIH: Career Enhancement Award for Stem Cell Research (K18) (PA-09-110) NIDCD: NIDCD Research Career Enhancement Award for Established...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Discusses methods for determining ash content in coal using backscattering in X-ray fluorescence. The following aspects are evaluated: principle of ash content determination, energy sources, factors that influence measurement accuracy, reliability. Types of X-ray fluorescence analyzers developed in Czechoslovakia and manufactured in the Czech Republic are comparatively evaluated. Operation of the RPM 113.1 radionuclide X-ray fluorescence analyzer developed by the PAR company and used for measuring ash content in coal and coal calorific value is discussed. 7 refs.

CERN Document Server

This is a brief overview of researches of Dmitry Petrovich Zhelobenko (1934--2006). He is the best known for his book "Compact Lie groups and their representations" and for the classification of all irreducible representations of complex semisimple Lie groups. We tell also on other his works, especially on the spectral analysis of representations.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We simplify and generalize an argument due to Bowcock and Watts showing that one can associate a finite Lie algebra (the 'classical vacuum preserving algebra') containing the Moebius sl(2) subalgebra to any classical W-algebra. Our construction is based on a kinematical analysis of the Poisson brackets of quasi-fields. In the case of the W_S"G-subalgebra S of a simple Lie algebra G, we exhibit a natural isomorphism between this finite Lie algebra and G whereby the Moebius sl(2) is identified with S. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

In this paper we classify a linear family of Lie brackets on the space of rectangular matrices $Mat(n\\times m,\\K)$ and we give an analogue of the Ado's Theorem. We give also a similar classification on the algebra of the square matrices $Mat(n, \\K)$ and as a consequence, we prove that we can't built a faithful representation of the $(2n+1)$-dimensional Heisenberg Lie algebra $\\mathfrak{H}_n$ in a vector space $V$ with $\\dim V\\leq n+1$. Finally, we prove that in the case of the algebra of square matrices $Mat(n,\\K)$, the corresponding Lie algebras structures are a contraction of the canonical Lie algebra $\\mathfrak{gl}(n,\\K)$.

Science.gov (United States)

Principle advantages of magnetic forming for part manufacture appear to lie ... to be an area of great potential for the magnetic forming process. We have a ...

CERN Document Server

The Lie algebra so(2n+1) and the Lie superalgebra osp(1/2n) are quantized in terms of 3n generators, called preoscillator generators. Apart from n "Cartan" elements the preoscillator generators are deformed para-Fermi operators in the case of so(2n+1) and deformed para-Bose operators in the case of osp(1/2n). The corresponding deformed universal enveloping algebras U_q[so(2n+1)] and U_q[osp(1/2n)] are the same as those defined in terms of Chevalley operators. The name "preoscillator" is to indicate that in a certain representation these operators reduce to the known deformed Fermi and Bose operators.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... excited states inelastic scattering mev range 10-100 mev range 100-1000

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The importance of designating criteria for diagnosing dementia lies in its implications for clinical treatment, research, caregiving, and decision-making. Dementia diagnosis in Huntington's...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Hypoxia causes abnormal neonatal pulmonary artery remodeling (PAR) and inhibition of alveolar development (IAD). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is an important regulator of lung development...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Although matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is involved in cardiomyocytes contractility dysfunction, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4 (TIMP-4) mitigates the effect of MMP-9, and proteinase-activated...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We apply the framework developed in Target space duality I: general theory. We show that both nonabelian duality and Poisson-Lie duality are examples of the general theory. We propose how the formalism leads to a systematic study of duality by studying few scenarios that lead to open questions in the theory of Lie algebras. We present evidence that there are probably new examples of irreducible target space duality.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The spatial connection between the zones of deep-lying faults and the narrowly-localized paleo-relief sections posessing an anomolous sedimentation condition in the latter Cretaceous is identified. It is established that this is of significance in choosing the primary regions for conducting oil exploration.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Acid mine drainage represents one of the most important environmental problem facing the mining industry. If the tailings contain sulphur, acid mine drainage will be generated as soon as the tailings are exposed to oxygen. In this paper, the authors discussed a technique for the storage of acid mine drainage generating tailings that delays and even eliminates the occurrence. It was suggested that tailings should be piled by incorporating, at regular intervals, compacted waste rock. Thermal convection and diffusion will prevent oxygen from reaching the tailings, and limit water circulation. The modelling of transfer processes (heat, water, oxygen) in a well known tailings dump, the Doyon Mine, was performed, and the results compared to the modelling where compacted waste rock had been incorporated at regular intervals. The results indicated that by remaining saturated, the layers acted as capillary barriers preventing oxygen from reaching the tailings, therefore reducing significantly ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The UFIP (French Petroleum Industry Association) studies concerning polluted sites and soils and their rehabilitation are presented: characterization of the admissible maximum fuel or gas oil content in the ground, the issue of time effects, and the risks it may induce for public health; study on the various pollutant impacts on the environment (underground waters, biotope...); approach to the development of a dynamical model describing these phenomena and their influence on man, in order to derive consistent and reasonable decontamination objectives

Science.gov (United States)

What happens in the matrix of gender, technology, representation, and culture? This class will explore the theoretical issues raised within this matrix. We will also make sense of the theories through practical experiences with technologies like computers and cameras.

Wastenet

...Benthic Marine Bioregionalisation of Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone The benthic (sea floor) component of the National Marine Bioregionalisation covers the 80% of Australia's ... Exclusive Economic Zone that lies beyond the continental shelf break. It provides a description of patterns of biological distributions and physical habitats on the seafloor....sea floor) component of the National Marine Bioregionalisation covers the 80% of Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone that lies beyond the continental shelf break. It provides a ... Benthic Marine Bioregionalisation of Australia's Exclusive Economic Zone Change text size Skip to content Marine Bioregional Planning resources Search: About us Contact us You ...

CERN Document Server

We carry out a Lie group analysis of the Sachs equations for a time-dependent axisymmetric non-rotating space-time in which the Ricci tensor vanishes. These equations, which are the first two members of the set of Newman-Penrose equations, define the characteristic initial-value problem for the space-time. We find a particular form for the initial data such that these equations admit a Lie symmetry, and so defines a geometrically special class of such spacetimes. These should additionally be of particular physical interest because of this special geometric feature.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The economic development of eastern Europe was associated during the last 15 years with the following average annual increases in energy consumption: Approximately 1% in the sectors industry, building and transport, almost 7% in the farming sector, approximately 3% in households, and nearly 4% in the municipal sector. This trend will not continue. As the economic system shifts from centrally planned to free economy and as the previously secluded economy is forced to face world market conditions as well as changed pars of exchange and conditions of payment, it not only experiences a transitory, sharp dip of economic growth in general but, in particular, drastic structural changes. - While there is to be expected, on the whole a slump in national economic growth, in tradiational branches of industry (e.g., metallurgy, the chemicals and textile industry) as well as in farming, such sectors as the service industry and small trade are expanding. (orig./UA).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The passive films formed on 316L stainless steel in various NaCl solutions have been investigated by capacitance measurements (Mott-Schottky). Pitting parameters have been determined using the galvano-kinetic polarisation method. The obtained results reveal the existence of a shallow and a deep donor level localised in the band gap of the semiconducting oxide film. These energy levels are due to iron ions in the tetrahedral and octahedral positions. It also appears that the participation of the deep donor level effects the electric field. The study developed allows us to compare characteristic parameters of the electronic structure of the passive film to those related to pitting susceptibility. (authors) 25 refs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A study was conducted to determine the fitting soil moisture for the normal growth of two-year-old W. sinensis (Sims) Sweets by using gas exchange technique. Remarkable threshold values of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and water use efficiency (WUE) were observed in the W. sinensis leaves treated by various soil moisture and photosynthetic available radiation (PAR). The fitting soil moisture for maintaining a high level of Pn and WUE was in range of 15.3%?26.5% of volumetric water content (VWC), of which the optimal VWC was 23.3%. Under the condition of fitting soil moisture, the light saturation point of leaves occurred at above 800?mol?m?2?s?1, whereas under the condition of water deficiency (VWC, 11.9% and 8.2%) or oversaturation (VWC, 26.5%), the light saturatio...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study has been carried out in the framework of a collaboration between the laboratory of processes automation (LAP, Caen (France)), and Air Com, a monitoring network for the prevention of atmospheric pollution in Basse-Normandie. It aims at obtaining a medium and long term forecast of the ozone level above the Caen city. The expected goal is to foresee the pollution peaks exceeding the warning thresholds, but the rareness of such events make them more difficult to predict. In order to solve this kind of problem, a neural modeling method combined with a noise injection technique has been implemented in order to obtain a sufficiently performing model over the whole domain of operation. (J.S.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The renovation programme of the Phenix nuclear power plant (fast neutrons reactor situated at Marcoule) has for objective to ensure the reactor operation lengthening. In this frame, expertise and monitoring operation in situ of materials have been started. The presence of sodium and a temperature at the cold breakdown of the primary circuit between 150 and 180 degrees (Celsius) imply, for fast reactors, very special conditions. In this context, Framatome has realised three intervening in the area of nondestructive testing: the inspection of the cone-shaped support ring, the monitoring of the upper part of the primary vessel and the monitoring of the intermediary exchanger equipment. (N.C.)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Even if there have been efforts to validate remote-sensing-based energy balance models, which provide evapotranspiration (ET) maps over a large spatial scale, few studies have been conducted to validate their performance in Korea. In this study, surface energy balance fluxes including ET were estimated and inter-compared with two different models using the Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) image over a watershed scale in Korea. While there were larger spatial discrepancies for net radiation, soil heat and sensible heat fluxes on a pixel-by-pixel basis between the two models, relatively smaller spatial discrepancies for the latent heat flux and daily ET were detected. The spatial discrepancies for the daily ET were larger in low topography and dense vegetation ranges. Despite the different par...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This research deals with in the study of the use of innovating magnetic sensors in eddy current non destructive inspection. The author reports an analysis survey of magnetic sensor performances. This survey enables the selection of magnetic sensor technologies used in non destructive inspection. He presents the state-of-the-art of eddy current probes exploiting the qualities of innovating magnetic sensors, and describes the methods enabling the use of these magnetic sensors in non destructive testing. Two main applications of innovating magnetic sensors are identified: the detection of very small defects by means of magneto-resistive sensors, and the detection of deep defects by means of giant magneto-impedances. Based on the use of modelling, optimization, signal processing tools, probes are manufactured for these both applications.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

As the main forestry species in the Canary Islands (Spain), Pinus canariensis is frequently used in afforestation programs. Several nursery techniques are commonly employed to modify its morphology and physiology with the aim of improving post-planting survival and growth. In this work, we studied how fertilization and light regime treatments applied during the nursery period modify biomass allocation patterns and produce effects in gas exchange and root hydraulic conductance. Seedlings were grown for a 6-month period in the nursery under two light regimes (full sunlight and 40% PAR reduction), and three fertilization levels were applied in each light regime. Morphology, biomass allocation patterns, leaf gas exchange and hydraulic conductance of the whole root system were evaluated. Fertil...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

L'invention concerne un procede de triage de cristaux irradies. Ce procede non destructeur comporte l'irradiation des cristaux par un rayonnement ionisant pendant une duree et avec une intensite telles qu'il se forme des centres colores distinctifs dans les matieres contenant des ions aluminium. Les cristaux colores qui correspondent en teinte et en profondeur de couleur a des teneurs en aluminium en dehors de la teneur desiree peuvent etre separes. On peut isoler ainsi des matieres de quartz, de verre, de silicates exemptes d'aluminium dans un melange, ou bien on peut choisir des fractions de ces matieres, chacune contenant une teneur uniforme en aluminium.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In order to provide pigs a comfortable sleeping area in hot weather, a floor cooling system was designed and applied to production buildings. Experiments were conducted to compare the floor temperatures and to observe the lying behaviour of pigs in the sleeping area of the buildings with and without floor cooling system. The results showed that, without the floor cooling system, the floor temperature was nearly the same as the air temperature in the open pig house. With the floor cooling system, the floor temperature of the sleeping area was controlled at 22-26degreeC, even though the air temperature was as high as 34degreeC, which improved the comfort of the pigs in the sleeping area. The pig lying behaviour was greatly affected by the floor temperature. More than 85% of the pigs were lyi...

CERN Document Server

We prove an analogue of the MacMahon Master Theorem for the right quantum superalgebras. In particular, we obtain a new and simple proof of this theorem for the right quantum algebras. In the super case the theorem is then used to construct higher order Sugawara operators for the affine Lie superalgebra \\hat gl(m|n) in an explicit form. The operators are elements of a completed universal enveloping algebra of \\hat gl(m|n) at the critical level. They occur as the coefficients in the expansion of a noncommutative Berezinian and as the traces of powers of generator matrices. The same construction yields higher Hamiltonians for the Gaudin model associated with the Lie superalgebra gl(m|n).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The values of spins, parities, and spectroscopic factors for neutron transfer have been determined for many low-lying states in "9"7Mo and "1"0"1Mo by a study of the (t, d) and (d, p) reactions on the neighbouring even-mass isotopes. Eighteen new values of J"#pi# have been obtained for these nuclei. Values of the fullness and emptiness parameters V"2 and U"2 have been suggested for the 3s_1_/_2 and 2d_5_/_s orbitals in "1"0"0Mo. (Nuclear structure "9"7Mo, "1"0"1Mo, measured J, #pi#, and spectroscopic factors for states up to #approx#2.0 MeV using (d, p) and (t, d) reactions.) (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The primary charge separation in photosynthetic bacteria generates a dimeric bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) cation and a bacteriopheophytin (BPheo) anion which lie within close proximity of each other (approx. 10 A). The two radicals also lie within van der Waals contact on opposite sides of a lone BChl bridging molecule. Spectral changes in the red (Q/sub y/) band of the bridge BChls have been observed on picosecond time scales following excitation of the reaction center (RC) and have been variously attributed to the formation of a BChl anion, to a charge-transfer state, or to electrochromic effects. They present calculations here which suggest that electrochromic effects caused by the photogenerated cation and/or anion can rationalize the optical changes observed in the flash photolyses as well as in trapping experiments.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Conditions for the construction of polynomial eigen-operators for the Hamiltonian of collective string field theories are explored. Such eigen-operators arise for only one monomial potential v(x)=#mu#x"2 in the collective field theory. They form a w_#infinity#-algebra isomorphic to the algebra of vertex operators in 2d gravity. Polynomial potentials of orders only strictly larger or smaller than 2 have no non-zero-energy polynomial eigen-operators. This analysis leads us to consider a particular potential #nu#(x)=#mu#x"2+g/x"2. A Lie algebra of polynomial eigen-operators is then constructed for this potential. It is a symmetric 2-index Lie algebra, also represented as a subalgebra of U(sl(2)). (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the recent years the use of nuclear energy has turned from a technical and scientific issue to a political one. The high-temperature reactor (HTR) however, has always been advertised as particularly safe. The present situation and future developments of HTR-technology were the two issues that VDI-News brought up on the 27th October on an HTR-conference in an interview with the 'spiritual father' of the HTR, Prof. Dr. Rudolf Schulten of the Juelich Nuclear Research Centre. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

The early idea that a non-perturbative gluon condensate affects the spectrum of heavy quarks is revisited in the light of modern simulation techniques. We evaluate the low lying spectrum of bound states of two heavy quarks for large hypothetical quark mass, m_Q > m_b, using non-relativistic QCD and compare with other models to test the consistency.

CERN Document Server

Let ${\\mathcal F}_\\lambda(\\mathbb{S}^n)$ be the space of tensor densities on $\\mathbb{S}^n$ of degree $\\lambda$. We consider this space as an induced module of the nonunitary spherical series of the group $\\mathrm{SO}_0(n+1,1)$ and classify $(\\mathrm{so}(n+1,1),\\mathrm{SO}(n+1))$-sim$unitary submodules of ${\\mathcal F}_\\lambda(\\mathbb{S}^n)$ as a function of $\\lambda$.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nucleon decay of underbarrier one-quasiparticle states with large angular momentum in soft spherical nuclei is considered. It is shown that energy dependences of differential probabilities of nucleon decay to the ground (0"+) and first excited (2"+) states of daughter nucleus differ qualitatively from each other due to strong interaction between quasiparticles and low-lying quadrupole states.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Characteristics of advanced composites are investigated. The fibers considered are Kevlar and carbon. The greatest advantage of composites over metals is emphasized, and lies in their permitting designers to obtain properties in exactly the locations desired. Kevlar replaced S-glass on the Trident 2 missile, saving 800 lbs. and adding 800 miles to its range. Military aircraft builders find that advanced carbon composites more often than not win out over Kevlar.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Human Fas/Apo-1 is a cell-surface protein that mediates apoptosis upon ligation with Fas ligand. The gene lies on the long arm of chromosome 10, consists of nine exons, and spans more than 26 kb of...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

High nitrate contents (up to 200 mgl) has been observed in wells drilled into fractured aquifers lying beneath layers of weathered and decayed rock in the humid tropics where annual rainfall is over 1,000 mm and where there is no notable pollution. The source of the nitrates is linked mainly with localized deforestation by man.

CERN Document Server

An update of the ODEtools Maple package, for the analytical solving of 1st and 2nd order ODEs using Lie group symmetry methods, is presented. The set of routines includes an ODE-solver and user-level commands realizing most of the relevant steps of the symmetry scheme. The package also includes commands for testing the returned results, and for classifying 1st and 2nd order ODEs.

CERN Document Server

An S-brane solution with two non-composite electric branes and a set of l scalar fields is considered. The intersection rule for branes corresponds to the Lie algebra A_2. The solution contains five factor spaces with the fifth one interpreted as ``our'' 3-dimensional space. It is shown that there exists a time interval where accelerating expansion of ``our'' 3-dimensional space is compatible with small enough value of effective gravitational ``constant'' variation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The urban zone needs clean air to assure public health. To achieve this goal several filter samples were collected in different sites in Algiers city. Toxic elements such as: Na, Mg, Cl, Sc, Cr, Ti, V, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Br, Ag, Sb, Ce, La, Hf, Ta and Hg have been measured in the filters using neutron activation analysis technique. Irradiation of filter samples and standards were carried out in Es-Salem reactor. The experimental procedure and the results are discussed. We noted during this work that the upper limit values for suspended dusts and the high concentrations for some toxic elements found are due to the weather conditions and intense road traffic around collecting sites. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The control of nitrogen oxides (NO{sub x}) emissions will become a major challenge in the forthcoming years, in the domain of automotive industry or industrial burners. Pulsed combustion offers an imaginative solution which does not affect the combustion efficiency. In this paper, the efficiency of this method is demonstrated using the burner of a 20 kW domestic boiler. The actuator is simply installed on the air intake. Two types of actuators have been tested successfully: a loudspeaker and a rotative valve. Both can produce 100 to 1000 Hz frequencies and can lead to a reduction of 20% of NO{sub x} emissions. The feasibility of the concept is also demonstrated on a 840 kW liquid fuel-oil burner. The mechanisms involved during an excitation are explained using the CH{sup *} radical imaging. Results show an important reorganization of the flow and of the flame structure. During each excitation cycle, an annular swirl occurs at the leading edge of the flame catching and develops during ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report prepared for the Swiss Federal Office of Energy (SFOE) describes the practical realisation and testing of a heat recovery system based on a one-stage organic Rankine cycle with R134a as the working fluid. The waste heat has a temperature of 95 {sup o}C and originates from a gas engine that powers a small co-generation plant fuelled with biogas produced on-site. Two similar cycles have been built, ORC1 with one and ORC2 with two turbines. Only ORC1 has been tested so far. The maximum efficiency measured in these tests was 6.64% (theoretical Carnot-efficiency: 17 %) and the electric power output was 5.0 kW. The problems encountered during commissioning are described and recommendations for further improvements are given.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This project of law concerns an additional protocol to the agreement of warranties signed on September 22, 1998 between France, the European atomic energy community and the IAEA. This agreement concerns the declaration of all information relative to the R and D activities linked with the fuel cycle and involving the cooperation with a foreign country non endowed with nuclear weapons. These information include the trade and processing of nuclear and non-nuclear materials and equipments devoted to nuclear reactors (pressure vessels, fuel loading/unloading systems, control rods, force and zirconium tubes, primary coolant pumps, deuterium and heavy water, nuclear-grade graphite), to fuel reprocessing plants, to isotope separation plants (gaseous diffusion, laser enrichment, plasma separation, electromagnetic enrichment), to heavy water and deuterium production plants, and to uranium conversion plants. (J.S.)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Aim: The study aimed to analyze blood pressure (BP) responses in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) over a 24h period following resistance (RES) and aerobic (AER) exercise. Methods: Ten adults with T2D (age: 55.8+/-7.7 years; weight: 79.4+/-14.0kg; fasting glucose: 133.0+/-36.7mg.dL^-^1) underwent: (1) AER: 20min of cycling at 90% lactate threshold (90% LT); (2) RES: three laps of a circuit of six exercises with eight repetitions at 70% 1-RM and 40s of recovery; and (3) a control session of no exercise. Heart rate (HR), and systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), mean arterial (MAP) and pulse (PP) BP, as well as lactataemia (Lac), VO2, respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured at rest, during exercise and control (CON) periods, and 60min after interve...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy has been used for the study of a Lithium/polymer electrolyte-LiTFSI/V{sub 2}O{sub 5} type battery in which the polymer electrolyte thickness is of about 80 {mu}m. The analysis is performed on the side of the battery thanks to a specially designed cell which preserves all the characteristics of the real system. The analysis is performed on 20 points aligned between the anode and the cathode and with a depth of several tenth of {mu}m. The analysis of data obtained during charging/output cycles allows to evaluate the gradients of salt concentration inside the electrolyte, the pollutions of LiOH, Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}, Li{sub 2}O and Li{sub 3}N -type at the lithium interface, but also the structural modifications of the cathode material. The in-situ study of concentration gradients inside the electrolyte is of prime importance for the understanding of dendrites growth. (J.S.) 11 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

ACRO, a NGO equipped with a laboratory to measure radioactivity, runs the Citizen Watchdog of Radioactivity in the Environment. Involving many volunteers, it monitors regularly the French coast of the Channel and many rivers of the North half of France. It also makes investigations in other places. Such an action is aimed to supplement the official monitoring, not to replace it, in order to answer to the worries of the population. This monitoring shows that some radioelements, such as iodine 129, cobalt 60, tritium, etc. released in the environment by nuclear facilities can be detected on very large areas. Carbon 14 was detected up to almost 4 times the background in vegetables around the reprocessing plant of La Hague. ACRO also sits in many official committees to transmit the point of view of the populations exposed to the radioactive pollution. It is lobbying for a decrease of the release authorization, especially for the elements that are discharged in large quantity in the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Swift heavy ion-solid interaction leads in volume to track creation and on the surface to the ejection of particles into the vacuum. To learn more about initial mechanisms of track formation, we are focused on the sputtering of uranium dioxide by fast heavy ions. This present study is exclusively devoted to the influence of the electronic stopping power on the emission of neutral particles and especially on their angular distribution. These measurements are completed by those of the ions emitted from UO{sub 2} targets bombarded with swift heavy ions. The whole experimental results give access to: i) the nature of the sputtered particles; ii) the charge state of the emitted particles; iii) the direction of ejection of the sputtered particles ; iv) the sputtering yields deduced from the angular distributions. These results are compared to the prediction of the sputtering models proposed in the literature and it seems that the supersonic gas flow model is well suited to describe our ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This work is based on the study of cesium ({sup 118,146}Cs) and francium ({sup 207-213}Fr,{sup 220-228}Fr) isotopes by hyperfine atomic spectroscopy and on the interpretation of these results from the nuclear physics point of view. The measured nuclear quantities are: the spin, the magnetic moment, the electric quadrupole moment and the mean square charge radius. The experimental method which is based on hyperfine optical pumping with a tunable laser, followed by magnetic analysis of the atoms is described in the first part. Results related to atomic physics are also presented. In the second part, these data are interpreted in the framework of nuclear models. The deformation of light cesium isomers are compared to values obtained from a theoretical self-consistent calculation. Heavy francium isotopes are situated in an area where the existence of static octupole deformations have been predicted. The odd-even staggering measured on the mean square radius is abnormal in this region. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune connective tissue disorder characterized by a widespread microangiopathy, autoimmunity and fibrosis of the skin and of various internal organs. Microangiopathy is characterized by a reduced capillary density and an irregular chaotic architecture that lead to chronic tissue hypoxia. Despite the hypoxic conditions, there is no evidence for a sufficient compensative angiogenesis in SSc. Furthermore, vasculogenesis is also impaired. An imbalance between angiogenic and angiostatic factors might explain the pathogenetic mechanisms of SSc vasculopathy. As far as angiogenic factors are concerned, within the most important are vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-?), fibroblast growth factor -2 (FGF-2), angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1), stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1/CXCL12), endothelin-1 (ET-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein -1 (MCP-1), urokinase type ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The spontaneous ionic polymerization of 4-vinyl-pyridine in presence of mono-tosylated or bromated short chains of poly(ethylene oxide)-(PEO) is used to prepare amorphous comb-like poly-cations with low Tg. The polymer electrolyte properties of these new structures have been studied without any addition of salts. The ionic conductivity of these fixed cation poly-electrolytes depends on the length of the grafted PEO and varies from 10{sup -7} to 10{sup -4} S/cm between 25 and 80 deg. C. It is only weakly dependent on the nature of the cation but it is controlled by the movements of the pyridinium cation which are facilitated by the plastifying effect of the POE chains which do not directly participate to the ionic transport. (J.S.) 17 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The properties of the triplet of low-lying states in "1"0"1Mo have been studied through spectroscopy of the #gamma# radation following thermal neutron capture in "1"0"0Mo and #beta#-decay of "1"0"1Nb and through a measurement of the proton angular distributions in the "1"0"0Mo(d, p) reaction with 14 MeV deuteron energy. The half-lives of the 13.5 keV state and the 57.0 keV 5/2"+ state have been measured as 226(7) and 133(7) ns, respectively. These values and the quadrupole/dipole mixing ratios of the 13.5 keV and 43.5 keV transitions yield spin and parity 3/2"+ for the 13.5 keV level. The E2 components in the 13.5 (3/2"+#->#1/2"+) and 43.5 keV (5/2"+#->#3/2"+) transitions are #<=# 8x10"-"4 and 54(9)%, respectively. The possibility of an additional state near to the 57.0 keV level is discussed. IBFM/PTQM calculations, taking into consideration the transitional character of the "1"0"0Mo boson core, account for the electromagnetic-transition and ...

CERN Document Server

Let H be a self-adjoint operator bounded below by 1, and let V be a small form perturbation such that RVS has finite norm, where R is the resolvent at zero to the power 1/2 +epsilon, and S is the resolvent to the power 1/2-epsilon. Here, epsilon lies between 0 and 1/2. If the Gibbs state defined by H is sufficiently regular, we show that the free energy is an analytic function of V in the sense of Frechet, and that the family of density operators defined in this way is an analytic manifold modelled on a Banach space.

CERN Document Server

The dynamics of spin-lattice relaxation (slr) of metal-organic Pt(II) compounds is studied. Often, such systems are characterized by pronounced zero-field splittings (zfs) of the lowest-lying triplets. Previous expressions for the Orbach slr process do not allow to treat such splitting patterns properly. We discuss the behavior of a modified Orbach expression for a model system and present results of a fit of the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate of Pt(2-thpy)$_2$ based on the modified expression.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

By treatment with beta or gamma rays, PTFE waste is converted to high-grade PTFE fine powder. High-molecular weight PTFE is degraded to low-molecular weight PTFE. Due to this the density, the degree of crystallinity, and the melt flow index are increased, which enhances the brittleness of the material. Irradiation of PTFE thus facilitates milling and makes the material pourable and free-flowing. Milled PTFE fine powder, lie PTFE plastic, combines temperature resistance, weather fastness, and chemical stability with good slip behaviour and antiadhesive properties. Areas of application for fine powder include additives for plastics, printing inks, nonstick coatings, and antifriction lacquers. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Doubly-excited 2s-12p-13pnp autoionizing resonance series of Ne atom as well as autoionizing resonances in the 2s region of Na and Mg atoms have been studied with monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Use of charge-separated photoion-yield method allowed us to detect these weak resonances in a clarified way in the yield curves of doubly-charged ions. The observed resonance states have been interpreted with the help of MCDF calculations, and the decay processes of these resonance states are discussed briefly.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neon 19, a 17-second positron-emitting radioelement, is produced continously by 23 MeV alpha particle bombardment of oxygen. For a 12 ..mu..A particle current the method of preparation described delivers 14 mCi of neon 19 per min to the functional exploration room. The radiochemically pure radioactive gas is diluted in air and breathed continously by the patient lying under a positron tomographic camera. The regional lung ventilation distribution is obtained on 2 cm thick sections of organ with a transverse resolution of 17 mm. Quantification of the ventilation output per unit lung volume is contemplated.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The (p,n) cross section on "8"8Sr was measured for proton energies between 5.75 and 11 MeV. Overall resolution was sufficient to separate the "8"8Y ground state (J/sup #pi#/ = 4"-), the first excited state (J/sup #pi#/ = 5"-) at 0.232 MeV, and the second excited state (J/sup #pi#/ = 1"+) at 0.393 MeV. A Legendre polynomial fit was made to the angular distributions and the resulting integrated cross sections are shown. 1 figure.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

On the basis of the analytic continuations of semisimple Lie algebras discovered recently by us we construct manifestly quasiconformal infinite-dimensional algebras AC(so(4, 1)) and PAC(so(3, 2)) extending the conformal algebras in three-dimensional euclidean and Minkowski space-time like the Virasoro algebra extends so(2, 1). Their higher spin generalizations are also constructed. A counterpart of the central extension for D > 2 and possible appplications in exactly solvable conformal quantum field models in D > 2 are discussed. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In the recent years the use of nuclear energy has turned from a technical and scientific issue to a political one. The high-temperature reactor (HTR) however, has always been advertised as particularly safe. The present situation and future developments of HTR-technology were the two issues that VDI-News brought up on the 27th October on an HTR-conference in an interview with the 'spiritual father' of the HTR, Prof. Dr. Rudolf Schulten of the Juelich Nuclear Research Centre.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In a (p,p') study of "8"8Sr at Esub(p) = 201 MeV both a large resonance centered at 9.4 MeV excitation energy and the known 1"+ state at 3.486 MeV are excited. Several discrete states are observed in the resonance. The cross section of the whole resonance is 27% of a simple particle-hole prediction. The strength of the low-lying 1"+ state is only about 15% of that calculated from a wave function including core-polarization contributions, whereas (e,e') scattering finds about 50%. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Electric Power Monthly (EPM) presents monthly electricity statistics for a wide audience including Congress, Federal and State agencies, the electric utility industry, and the general public. The purpose of this publication is to provide energy decisionmakers with accurate and timely information that may be used in forming various perspectives on electric issues that lie ahead. The EIA collected the information in this report to fulfill its data collection and dissemination responsibilities as specified in the Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-275) as amended. 64 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Electron scattering data have been used to obtain transition charge densities for the low-lying E2 transitions in /sup 88/Sr, /sup 89/Y, and /sup 90/Zr. These charge densities show a characteristic shape indicative of their microscopic constituency, modified by core-polarization effects. A good description of transitions in the even-even nuclei is obtained by using the measured single-particle transitions in /sup 89/Y as effective densities. .ID LV2086 .PG 19 22

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cross sections for the elastic and inelastic scattering of /sup 16/O on /sup 58/Ni, /sup 88/Sr, /sup 40/Ca, and /sup 48/Ca have been calculated in a coupled-channels treatment, including the low-lying 2/sup +/ and 3/sup /minus// states of both projectile and target. Real, energy-independent ion-ion potentials and form factors were used, and fusion was simulated by ingoing wave boundary conditions in all channels. The agreement with the measured scattering data is qualitatively as good as obtained in previous optical-model calculations.

CERN Document Server

A set of Maple V R.3/4 computer algebra routines for the analytical solving of 1st. order ODEs, using Lie group symmetry methods, is presented. The set of commands includes a 1st. order ODE-solver and routines for, among other things: the explicit determination of the coefficients of the infinitesimal symmetry generator; the construction of the most general invariant 1st. order ODE under given symmetries; the determination of the canonical coordinates of the underlying invariant group; and the testing of the returned results.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The dispersion curves E(k-bar) have been calculated for bound and resonant (110) surface states of AlSb, AlAs, and AlP. AlSb is predicted to have no surface states within the bulk fundamental band gap, but AlAs and AlP are predicted to have surface state band minima which are very near the conduction band edge, and could lie either within the gap or immediately above the edge.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Neutron-hole states in /sup 87/Sr were studied by means of the /sup 88/Sr("3He,#alpha#)/sup 87/Sr reaction at 36 MeV. Angular distribution measurements were carried out from 3"0 to 41"0 (lab) and analyzed with the zero-range distorted-wave Born approximation method. Spectroscopic factors have been determined for about 50 discrete levels in /sup 87/Sr located below 6 MeV excitation energy and for the three lowest isobaric analog states 2p(3/2, 1f(5/2, and 2p(1/2 observed around 11 MeV. Many l = 1 and l = 3 discrete levels are observed in the 3--6 MeV excitation energy range. In addition, a large part of the 1f-2p strength is found to lie in the higher-lying continuum up to 13 MeV (about 10% and 40% for the l = 1 and 3 contributions, respectively). The distribution of the 1f-2p neutron-hole strength is compared to previous data on neighboring nuclei /sup 89/Zr and /sup 91/Mo. In addition, angular distributions for some ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The difficult economic circumstances with which almost the whole world had to contend, brought serious financial crisis in many countries. South Africa also had its own share of serious problems. Despite this situation, Transvaal Consolidated Land and Exploration Company, Limited, showed on increase in earnings of 24 per cent per share. The reason for this lies mainly in two areas. Firstly the company acquired the mining related business of Rand Mines, Limited. Included in the acquisition was a partfolio of shares mainly in the company's associated gold and uranium mining companies and additional shares in its listed coal mining subsidiaries. Secondly, the average gold price realised by producers in rand terms, was considerably higher than in the previous year. Consolidated profit attributable to members increased by 52 per cent to R82,6 million.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Taking the port city of Alicante the author outlines how numerous crossroads connect the northern and southern shores of the Mediterranean. Along the arc of Euro-Mediterranean trading centres lies the European continent as a whole, extending eastwards to the republics emerging from the disintegration of the Soviet Empire, and in the south to Francophone and Muslim Africa. This arc of trading towns includes Istanbul, Dubai, Naples, Antwerp, Hamburg, Marseilles and Alicante. The author traces the movements of individuals pursuing "suitcase trade" performed by means of face-to-face links, word of mouth, and verbal agreements. The author then traces this vast "choreographed movement" that originates from Europe's borders, and suggests that although reasons other than trade influence mobility a...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes a study of a security method of protecting inside network computers against outside miscreants and unwelcome visitors and a control method when these computers are connected with the Internet. In the present Internet, a method to encipher all data cannot be used, so that it is necessary to utilize PEM (Privacy Enhanced Mail) capable of the encipherment and conversion of secret information. For preventing miscreant access by eavesdropping password, one-time password is effective. The most cost-effective method is a firewall system. This system lies between the outside and inside network. By limiting computers that directly communicate with the Internet, control is centralized and inside network Security is protected. If the security of firewall systems is strictly controlled under correct setting, security within the network can be secured even in open networks such as the Internet. 35 refs., 3 figs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The analysis of elastic and inelastic scattering of #alpha# particles with energy of 50 MeV by nuclei with mass numbers A=54-124 and of "3He particles by the nucleus "6"4Ni is given in the framework of the optical model. The parameters of multipole deformations for lower states are determined. The parameters for quadrupole and octupole deformations of the potential for the nucleus "1"1"2Sn are extracted, the values of the hexadecupole deformation #beta#_4 of the potential for nuclei "9"4Zr, "1"2"0","1"2"4Sn are found. Information is extracted on the ratio of deformation parameters for the neutron and proton components in lower collective states (2_1"+, 3_1"-) of nuclei with A=90-124.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inclusive double spin asymmetries obtained by scattering polarized electrons off polarized protons and deuterons have been analyzed to address the issue of quark-hadron duality in the polarized spin structure functions g^p_1 and g^d_1. A polarized electron beam, solid polarized NH_3 and ND_3 targets and the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) in Hall B were used to collect the data. The resulting g^p_1 and g^d_1 were averaged over the nucleon resonance energy region (M < W < 2.00 GeV), and three lowest lying resonances individually for tests of global and local duality.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The energy level schemes of "1"9"2Os and "1"9"2Pt have been established on the basis of #gamma#-#gamma# coincidence studies using a dual parameter data collection system. Ge(Li) detectors were employed to study the gamma spectra produced in the E.C. and #beta#"- decays of "1"9"2Ir to "1"9"2Os and "1"9"2Pt, respectively. Thirteen new transitions and three new levels at 1,146.95, 1,237.35 and 1,913.76 keV are suggested. Relative intensities from singles measurements, branching ratios, #alpha#(K) and log ft values were calculated and multipolarities, spins and parities deduced. Comparisons are made with predictions of the Interacting Boson Model calculated on the basis of an O(6) to SU(3) transition. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The neutron-rich Mn isotopes from A=59 to 63 have been studied through multi-nucleon transfer reactions by bombarding a "2"3"8U target with a beam of "7"0Zn at an energy of E_l_a_b=460 MeV. Prompt #gamma# rays measured by the CLARA array have been identified unambiguously for each nucleus, using coincidence relationships with ions detected in the high-acceptance magnetic spectrometer PRISMA. The new data extends the knowledge of the low-lying level structure of Mn isotopes, which is discussed in terms of the systematics of the region. Results are compared with large-scale shell-model calculations using different effective interactions and valence spaces.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A non-similar boundary layer analysis is presented to study the flow, heat and mass transfer characteristics of non-Darcian mixed convection of a non-Newtonian fluid from a vertical isothermal plate embedded in a homogeneous porous medium with the effect of Soret and Dufour and in the presence of either surface injection or suction. The value of the mixed-convection parameter lies between 0 and 1. In addition, the power-law model is used for non-Newtonian fluids with exponent n1 for dilatant fluids. Furthermore, the coordinates and dependent variables are transformed to yield computationally efficient numerical solutions that are valid over the entire range of mixed convection, from the pure forced-convection limit to the pure free-conve...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The key to the future for electric utilities will not be found in legislation or regulation. Title VII of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 will prove to be just as ineffectual in improving the industry's position as was the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978. These legislative palliatives, which produced so much commotion and so many reams of heated commentary, are largely irrelevant to a successful future for electric utilities. The key will be found in economics, not in law, and the future will lie in completing Thomas A. Edison's century-old vision for the industry, half of which the industry has heretofore ignored. The industry must embrace the complete vision and evolve from electric utilities into [open quotes]end-use energy utilities.[close quotes

CERN Document Server

We study general two-dimensional sigma-models which do not possess manifest Lorentz invariance. We show how demanding that Lorentz invariance is recovered as an emergent on-shell symmetry constrains these sigma-models. The resulting actions have an underlying group-theoretic structure and resemble Poisson--Lie T-duality invariant actions. We consider the one-loop renormalization of these models and show that the quantum Lorentz anomaly is absent. We calculate the running of the couplings in general and show, with certain non-trivial examples, that this agrees with that of the T-dual models obtained classically from the duality invariant action. Hence, in these cases solving constraints before and after quantization are commuting operations.

CERN Document Server

The ubiquitous ADE classification has induced many proposals of often mysterious correspondences both in mathematics and physics. The mathematics side includes quiver theory and the McKay Correspondence which relates finite group representation theory to Lie algebras as well as crepant resolutions of Gorenstein singularities. On the physics side, we have the graph-theoretic classification of the modular invariants of WZW models, as well as the relation between the string theory nonlinear $\\sigma$-models and Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds. We here propose a unification scheme which naturally incorporates all these correspondences of the ADE type in two complex dimensions. An intricate web of inter-relations is constructed, providing a possible guideline to establish new directions of research or alternate pathways to the standing problems in higher dimensions.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A more complete level scheme is presented here for the decay of "1"8"7Pt, incorporating many new lines and levels up to 2.4 MeV. Emphasis has been placed on the extraction of multipole mixing ratios from nuclear orientation data. Analysis of that data, however, required a more complete understanding of the level structure (including, in particular, branching ratios, conversion coefficients, and level feedings), prompting the collection of new spectroscopy data. The low-lying, positive-parity levels are described in terms of (odd-proton) single-particle Nilsson states coupled to a triaxial core. Multipole mixing ratios are compared to those calculated in the Particle-Plus-Triaxial-Rotor Model. (orig.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A novel non-invasive approach to the on-line identification of BWR two-phase flow regimes is investigated. The proposed approach receives neutron radiography images of coolant flow recordings as its input and performs feature extraction on each image via simple and directly computable statistical operators. The extracted features are subsequently used as inputs to an ensemble of self-organizing maps whose outputs demonstrate swift and accurate classification of each image into its corresponding flow regime. The novelty of the approach lies in the use of the self-organizing map which generates the different classes by itself, according to feature similarity of the corresponding images; this contrasts traditional artificial neural networks where the user has to define both the number of distinct classes as well as to supply separate training vectors for each class.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Just below the Arctic Circle, about 200 kilometres off the Helgeland coastal region of Norway, lies the Skarv oil and gas field. Discovered in 1998, the greater Skarv development project now includes the Idun gas field. The Skarv development has begun to take shape, now roughly half-way to commencement, so Scandinavian Oil-Gas Magazine decided it was time to take a look at the project's progress thus far and what's left to do before production that's slated to begin in late summer, 2011. The Skarv Project include subsea wells connected to a floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel to process oil and condensate and a gas export pipeline that ties back to the Aasgard Transport system. (AG)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Inspired by the recent realizations of quantum dot (QD)-DNA conjugation, we study the spectral density of a magnetic impurity coupled to a mesoscopic semiconducting host. Using a combination of exact diagonalization technique and an analytic approach, we demonstrate that various types of resonances occur according to the relative position of impurity levels (IL) with respect to the host levels (HL). While the usual Coulomb peaks appear when the IL lie inside a band gap, with IL approaching HL and hybridization activated, they shift nonlinearly with the repulsion strength and even undergo splitting for a strong hybridization. When IL merge into HL, multiple resonances of a comblike structure are found along with a parity effect.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The ground state masses of thirty-nine neutron-rich nuclei from [sup 51]Ca to [sup 72]Ni have been measured using the Time-of-Flight Isochronous (TOFI) spectrometer. Eight of these masses have been measured for the first time and thirty-one are remeasurements of neutron-rich nuclei previously reported. Good agreement between these results and a previous TOFI experiment was observed except for the most neutron-rich isotopes of vanadium through iron with the present results being more bound and in better agreement with theory. The low binding energy of [sup 68]Ni, as indicated by an unreasonably low two-neutron separation energy, suggests the presence of a high-lying, long-lived isomeric state in this nucleus. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Magnetic properties of polycrystalline samples of RPd_2Si compounds (R = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er) are presented. The Gd and Tb based compounds are antiferromagnetic with Neel temperatures of 13.5 and 21 K respectively. For both compounds a metamagnetic transition is observed in low field. Moreover, in TbPd_2Si a transition between two different antiferromagnetic phases is observed at 8.5 K. The Dy, Ho and Er based compounds are ferromagnetic with Curie temperatures of 9, 3.5 ad 2.8 K respectively. The observed properties result from indirect exchange interactions and crystal field effects acting on rare earth ions which lie in a very low symmetry site. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Measurements of {gamma}-ray, {gamma}{gamma}-coincidence and internal conversion electron spectra from the {sup 106}Cd({alpha},n{gamma}){sup 109}Sn reaction were carried out at 15-20 MeV {alpha}-particle bombarding energies with Ge(HP) {gamma}-ray and superconducting magnetic lens plus Si(Li) electron spectrometers. The energies, relative intensities, internal conversion coefficients and coincidence relations of the {sup 109}Sn transitions were determined, and a more complete, consistent level scheme has been deduced. Spin and parity values have been determined from the internal conversion coefficients, the bombarding-energy dependence of the side-feeding intensities of the states and the available {gamma}-ray angular distribution data. The level scheme was interpreted in the framework of the quasi-particle shell model.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The K/sub ..beta..//K/sub ..cap alpha../ X-ray intensity ratios are measured for Mn and Fe and for six other elements with Z lying in the range 49 less than or equal to Z less than or equal to 82 following electron capture decay and photon excitation using /sup 241/Am and /sup 57/Co sources. High-resolution Si(Li) and HpGe detector systems were used in the experiments. The dependence of K/sub ..beta..//K/sub ..cap alpha../ values on the mode of excitation in the case of Mn and Fe is attributed to chemical effects, while no such dependence is found for the high-Z elements.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This is a set of lecture notes given by the author at the Universities of Gottingen and Wroclaw. The text presents the axiomatic approach to field theory and studies in depth the concepts of symmetry and supersymmetry and their associated generators, currents and charges. It is intended as a one- semester course for graduate students in the field of mathematical physics and high energy physics. Contents: Introduction; Example of a Classical and Quantum Scalar Free Field Theory; Scene and Subject of the Drama. Axiom 1 and 2; Subject of the Drama; Principle of Relativity. Causality. Axiom 3, 4 and 5; Irreducibility of the Field Algebra and Scattering Theory. Axiom 6. Axiom O; Preliminaries about Physical Symmetries; Currents and Charges; Global Symmetries and Supersymmetries of the S - Matrix; Representations of the Super-Lie Algebra; The Case of Massless Particles; Fermionic Charges; Concluding Remarks.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An 80 keV, 3.6 MW neutral beam injection system has recently been installed on Doublet III, and the installation of a second system is scheduled within several months. Armor plate consisting of /approximately equals/100 graphite tiles (10 cm x 10 cm) coated with TiC has been plated over portions of the inner vacuum wall lying in the line of sight of the ion sources. In order to monitor the condition of the armor plate an infrared camera and a set of optical pyrometers have been installed alongside the beamline and view the armor plate through a CaF/sub 2/ window. The pyrometers measure the temperature of the armor plate associated with the maximum of the intensity distribution of each ion source.

CERN Document Server

We present first worldline numerical results for the nontrivial interplay between geometry and temperature dependencies of the Casimir effect. We show that the temperature dependence of the Casimir force can be significantly larger for open geometries (e.g., perpendicular plates) than for closed geometries (e.g., parallel plates). For surface separations in the experimentally relevant range, the thermal correction for the perpendicular-plates configuration exhibits a stronger parameter dependence and exceeds that for parallel plates by more than an order of magnitude at room temperature. This effect can be attributed to the fact that the fluctuation spectrum for closed geometries is gapped, inhibiting the thermal excitation of modes at low temperatures. By contrast, open geometries support a thermal excitation of the low-lying modes in the gapless spectrum already at low temperatures.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Neutron capture ..gamma..-ray spectra have been measured at 11 average neutron energies from 10 to 530 keV in /sup 88/Sr using a 20 x 15 cm NaI detector with time-of-flight discrimination of background events. The partial radiation widths and the calculated partial valence widths are compared for the strong p-wave resonances at 287 and 321 keV and found to be highly correlated. At these energies, the spectra are dominated by strong transitions to low-lying single particle states, in confirmation of the role of valence capture in the 3p region. However, the data do not support this mechanism at <508> keV.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The self-consistent-pseudopotential method is applied to the A-15 compounds Nb_3Ge and Nb_3Al. The Fermi energy is found to lie in a region of very flat bands having a bonding character along the Nb chains. Comparison with the band structures of the (nonexistent) A-15 materials Nb_3Nb and Nb_3/sup asterisk/ (chains only) suggest that the p states on the Ge and Al atoms are instrumental in determining the position of the Fermi level. There is little evidence for rigid-band behavior in the Nb_3Al/sub x/Ge/sub 1-x/ system. Studies of the effects of chain dimerization in Nb_3Ge suggest that states at R and M are more likely candidates to participate in structural transitions than states at GAMMA or X.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Accidents of free-rolling cars against walls with friction are special cases of the general problem of the dynamic behavior (elastic or plastic) of car motion. Using particle modeling of the car body it is shown that large rotations, contact friction and plastic deformations can be computed. Because of the limitations of FEM it is necessary to model the car as a system of mass points connected by central force systems which are non-linear. The wall is formulated as a rigid body producing constraints for the contacting particles, while the contact force is given by the defined force system. Every contacting particle produces a plastic impact on the wall. The friction force is proportional to the contact force and lies in the direction of the sliding velocity on the wall. Time integration is carried out using a second order Gear method. ((orig.))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Process engineers can predict quickly and accurately the equilibrium behavior of simultaneous H/sub 2/S and CO/sub 2/ absorptions in monoethanolamine and diethanolamine systems by using the nomographs developed by H.K. Ferguson Co. Correlation lines for temperature and amine concentration provided with the loading curves make the nomographs useful for any combination of temperature, concentration, and liquid loadings. The accuracy of the nomographs is within the acceptable range for normal engineering applications when the operating parameters lie in the region of practical gas-treating conditions. Correction curves given for each nomograph to improve the accuracy are generally not needed except for cases where the gas loadings are higher than 0.5 mole/mole of amine.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant is put into commercial operation in 1994 Until 1996, there are 368 human error events in operating and maintenance area, occupying 39% of total events. These events occurred mainly in the processes of maintenance, test equipment isolation and system on-line, in particular in refuelling and maintenance. The author analyses root causes for human errorievents, which are mainly operator omission or error procedure deficiency; procedure not followed; lack of training; communication failures; work management inadequacy. The protective measures and treatment principle for human error events are also discussed, and several examples applying them are given. Finally, it is put forward that key to prevent human error event lies in the coordination and management, person in charge of work, and good work habits of staffs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Alcoa World Alumina Australia mines bauxite under lease agreements with the Government of Western Australia. The leases lie in the Darling Range to the east of Perth, the capital and major population center. In addition to bauxite and other mineral ores, the Darling Range is a major potable water source and harbors a species-rich forest dominated by Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata), a significant commercial timber. Conservation and recreation are important land uses in the region. Social and political pressures have led to stringent governmental requirements for restoration. In addition, a summer drought period, a soil deficient in most nutrients, water management challenges, an introduced disease, caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands, and a post-mining ecosystem that must be condu...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper shows how molecular theory paves the way for accelerated aging tests of safety-related equipment in nuclear power plants, as required by NRC qualification programs. Arrhenius' model, based on an equation, provides useful information regarding the extent of molecular change as a function of time and temperature. Critical to determining the aging characteristics and qualified life of organic materials is the activation energy concept, which is derived from information gathered when the molecular reaction of the material is documented over the entire life cycle. In accelerated-aging applications, the importance of the model lies in characterizing the chemical related reactions of materials. The problem with the Arrhenius approach is that, in generating a testing period of reasonable duration, a rather high test temperature must be selected which may lead to an added and unrelated environmental effect.

CERN Document Server

This work presents accurate ab initio determination of the hyperfine splitting for the ground state and few low-lying excited states of 113Cd+; important candidates for the frequency standard in the microwave region, using coupled-cluster theory (CC) in the relativistic framework. The calculated hyperfine splitting are well in agreement with recent experimental results. We have also carried out the lifetimes of the 5p2P1=2 and 5p2P3=2 states, which are in well agreement with recent experimental result (Moehring et al., PRA 73 023413, 2006). The roles of different electron correlation effects in the determination of these quantities are discussed and their contributions are presented in the CC terms.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The residing fracture system and the prevailing in situ stresses have a significant impact on fluid flow and heat transfer in crystalline rocks. The long term response of fracture systems to changes in effective stresses, in particular the long term geo-mechanical effects of thermal stresses on reservoir characteristics is of particular interest to the geothermal industry.In this paper, a geothermal reservoir model is presented, in which a thermo-poroelastic finite element module is coupled to a fracture geomechanical module. This describes fracture closure as a function of effective stress and the changes in parameters, such as effective permeability, porosity and discrete fracture apertures. The novelty of this approach lies in its dynamic treatment of the characteristic properties of in...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We prove a theorem relating torus-equivariant coherent sheaves on toric varieties to polyhedrally-constructible sheaves on a vector space. At the level of K-theory, the theorem recovers Morelli?s description of the K-theory of a smooth projective toric variety (Morelli in Adv. Math. 100(2):154?182, 1993). Specifically, let X be a proper toric variety of dimension n and let Formula Not Shown be the Lie algebra of the compact dual (real) torus Formula Not Shown . Then there is a corresponding conical Lagrangian ??T ? M ? and an equivalence of triangulated dg categories Formula Not Shown , where Formula Not Shown is the triangulated dg category of perfect complexes of torus-equivariant coherent sheaves on X and Sh cc (M ?;?) is the triangulated dg category of complex of sheaves on M ? with co...

Science.gov (United States)

In the summer of 2009, this author devised a Saturday program with an emphasis on writing for publication targeting three students as his nucleus. One of the students, Mariano, was the only one of the three to accept the invitation. This was a strong indication of his passion for writing. Thus, three weeks before school began, the author and Mariano were meeting every Saturday morning for two hours at Springfield College to work on writing. Before long, Mariano had succeeded in having an essay accepted for publication in a contest sponsored by Creative Communications, and was invited (along with this author) to co-present a paper at the Literacy Essentials Conference at Central Connecticut State University. As with all teaching, the joy lies in watching a student grow and mature. Working with a motivated student, in this case, a budding writer, was just such an experience for this author.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A study conducted at the IHS had the aim to obtain basic information on whether it is possible to build flow turbines following the free jet principle that are on a par with, or superior to, the conventional design, especially in terms of performance and the efficiency curve. Several inflow contours with a ventilated free jet and a conventional flow turbine were studied. The direct comparison of these variants revealed a slightly enhanced peak load efficiency and a very distinct superiority of the free jet contour during partial load. But the efficiency of all variants failed to attain the values claimed by commercial manufacturers. As compared to the initial contour, peak load efficiency was enhanced by 5 per cent. During partial load, the variants studied showed a distinct superiority of the free jet concept over the contour of conventional flow turbines. (orig.) [Deutsch] Am IHS wurde eine Untersuchung mit dem Ziel durchgefuehrt, grundlegende Aussagen zu ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The oxide colloidal route, developed in the laboratory for mono-metallic catalysts, consists in preparing a metallic oxide hydro-sol which leads to the supported catalyst after deposition onto a support and an activation stage. In this work, this method has been adapted to the preparation of alumina supported bimetallic Pd-Sn catalysts to determine its interest for the control of the properties of the bimetallic phase (size, composition and structure). In the preliminary study concerning tin oxide sols, SnO{sub 2} (size=2,3 nm) and Sn{sub 6}O{sub 4}(OH){sub 4} (size = 25 nm) nano-particles were synthesized by neutralization respectively for tin(IV) and tin(H). The control through the pH of the aggregation of the PdO and SnO{sub 2} particles revealed that increasing oxide solubility promotes integral re-dispersion of the oxide particles. To synthesize oxide bimetallic sols, three strategies were defined. Copolymerization (formation of a mixed oxide nano-sol by cross condensation of both ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This work presents a study of the {sup 1}P{sup 0} excited states of He that can be reached by absorption of a single photon carrying an energy close to the double ionization threshold (DIT) (79 eV). Above the DIT, these states are the double continuum states; below, they are the double excited states. These two types of states are tightly coupled to the single continuum states with or without excitation of the residual ion He{sup +}, owing to their degeneracy in energy. In a one-photon process, these states can only be formed owing to the electronic correlations in the system which must be well described to obtain quantitative good results. Our study is a part of the work which aims at a united description of all these doubly excited, ionized-excited, and double continuum states. We use the Hyperspherical R-Matrix with Semiclassical Outgoing Waves (HRM-SOW) method, initially dedicated to double photoionization studies. We extend it to extract information on the single continuum. This ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper is dedicated to the numerical study of natural ventilation in a room through a large external opening using the CFD code Fluent. Bidimensional numerical simulations are performed for wind speeds up to 5.55 m-s{sup -1} (20 km-h{sup -1}). We propose a two-step solution procedure with grid refinement. When combined with appropriate thermal boundary conditions, this technique appears very efficient at limiting local convergence problems. Through an analysis of the flow pattern in the cavity, we qualitatively explain those results and define a critical Archimedes number. Calculated air change rates are compared to values deduced from empirical correlations of the literature. Agreement is in general poor, which can be explained by the differences between the conditions of our simulations and those of the experiments that lead to those correlations. However, from our simulations, we derived very clear correlations between the air change coefficient and the Archimedes number. In the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Due to its important hydroelectric power generation facilities (about 525 plants with a total power of 13,314 MW producing about 35.3 TWh annually) Switzerland plays an important role in the interconnected European power system. Large artificial storage lakes in the Swiss Alps can generate peak power during hours of highest demand: 9700 MW are available from accumulated energy and the total power of pumped-storage facilities amounts to 1700 MW. The latter allow refilling the reservoirs at periods of low power demand and generating power at periods of peak demand. In the case of favorable conditions, the yearly average power production could be increased by 6% and the production during the winter period (October to March) by 20% by the year 2020. However, looking forward to the year 2050, the annual production is expected to decrease by 3% despite a possible extension of hydropower. This decrease is due to the enforcement of the minimum residual water flow rates required by a new ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

One of the Eddy Current Testing issues in aeronautics is the inspection of fastened structures to detect flaws nearby rivets which can grow because of mechanical stress. EADS and the CEA LIST have started a collaborative work with the support of the Ile-de-France Region to develop a simulation tool of EC fastened structures testing, integrated to the CIVA platform, aimed at conceiving testing methods, optimizing and qualifying it. The volume integral method using the Green dyadics formalism has been chosen in order to get a fast resolution of Maxwell equations. A first milestone was to build a simulation model of multilayer structures testing, thanks to the use of the multilayer Green dyads. Because of the rivet volume, 60 times bigger than the one of a typical flaw, a large number of discretization cells are needed. Therefore an iterative method has been developed in order to numerically solve large calculation zones. Finally, the flaw response simulation mostly has to cope with a ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

To accomplish the environmental radiological surveillance need of India's ambitious nuclear power programme, Health Physics Division is infusing new technologies and improved analytical techniques for day to day measurements of various radionuclides in different environmental matrices. It is essential to have techniques for measuring the concentration of radionuclides just above the background level since the discharges from the nuclear facilities are very low i.e. in the range of 5-10% of the prescribed discharge limits by the regulatory bodies. In view of developing ultra-sensitive techniques, the aim of ongoing programmes of the division is to meet the challenges of measuring ultra trace level of radioactivity by adopting state of art new instrumentation and improved sample processing techniques. This will allow us to measure the lowest level of radioactivity (3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, 239+240Pu, etc.) in the environment and thereby estimating the lowest doses to the members of public. ...

Science.gov (United States)

Structural complexities reduce the homogeneity necessary for a site characterization model to an unacceptable level for performance assessment for radioactive waste disposal sites. The proposed site lies between the northern, stable Diablo platform and the southern, mobile Mesozoic Chihuahua tectonic belt. Structural movement along this interface has been active for the past 14,000 years. In addition, the area lies along the northern margin of the Permian Marfa basin and the northeastern margin of the deeply faulted Hueco bolson segment of the late Cenozoic Rio Grande rift system. Recent seismic activity with extensive surface rupture in Quitman Canyon (30 mi southeast of the site) is also documented from the 1931 Valentine, Texas, earthquake (6.4 Richter scale). The site is underlain by either a thrust fault or the complex terminus of a Mesozoic thrust fault. This fault is a segment of the continuous thrust sheet extending from exposures in ...

Science.gov (United States)

The first sediments to onlap the metamorphosed Precambrian Arabian shield were Infracambrian (Proterozoic) to Middle Cambrian carbonates, clastics, and evaporites. The oldest Arabian reservoir rocks occur in the Precambrian to lower Paleozoic Era Salt of the Huqf Group, which forms the Birba field of Oman. The Middle Cambrian sequence was followed by Late Cambrian through Early Permian marine sandstones and continental to littoral siltstones and variegated shales. The first commercial oil discovered in the Arabian Gulf region occurs in fluvial sands of the Ordovician to Permian Haima and Haushi Groups of the Marmul field in south Oman. These strata are also productive in other fields and are sealed by unconformable contact with the Al Khlata Formation or beneath shale of the Albian Nahr Umr Formation. The deeply buried kerogen sediments of the Huqf Group to the southeast are believed to be the source rocks for these fields of south Oman. The Late Permian to Triassic deposits of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Single and binary metal molybdates of the formula AMoO{sub 4}, where A=Ni, Co, Mg,Mn and/or Zn, were investigated for the oxydehydrogenation of propane to propylene, as well as some ternary molybdates of the formula NiO{sub 0.45}Co{sub 0.45}X{sub 0.066}MoO{sub 4} where X=P, Bi, Fe, Cr, V and Ce. All catalysts were supported on SiO{sub 2} with an active phase/support ratio of 80/20 (wt%). The reaction is catalytic and not a gas phase initiated reaction. It is first order in propane, consistent with the abstraction of the methylene hydrogen being the rate limiting step. Propane conversions and propylene yields vary greatly depending on the metal of the molybdate and surface area of the catalyst. Highest propylene yields (16% at 26.6% propane conversion) are obtained with NiMoO{sub 4}/SiO{sub 2}. Conversion and yield are significantly influenced by the molybdenum content of the compositions. The effect is biggest in the nickel molybdate system. Its optimum activity ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The responses of ramets of hybrid poplar (Populus spp.) (HP) clones NE388 and NE359, and seedlings of red maple (Acer rubrum, L.) to ambient ozone (O_3) were studied during May-September of 2000 and 2001 under natural forest conditions and differing natural sunlight exposures (sun, partial shade and full shade). Ambient O_3 concentrations at the study site reached hourly peaks of 109 and 98 ppb in 2000 and 2001, respectively. Monthly 12-h average O_3 concentrations ranged from 32.3 to 52.9 ppb. Weekly 12-h average photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) within the sun, partial shade and full shade plots ranged from 200 to 750, 50 to 180, and 25 to 75 #mu#mol m"-"2 s"-"1, respectively. Ambient O_3 exposure induced visible foliar symptoms on HP NE388 and NE359 in both growing seasons, with more severe injury observed on NE388 than on NE359. Slight foliar symptoms were observed on red maple seedlings during the 2001growing season. Percentage of total leaf area ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Physico-chemical characterizations performed on samples of 100Cr6 steel implanted both with boron and nitrogen revealed the formation of boron nitride along with the following new phases: Fe{sub 1-x}(B, N), Fe{sub 2-x}(B, N) and Fe{sub 3-x}(B, N). A thorough analysis of boron NITRIDE (5BN) indicates that a low ion current density (3 {mu}A.cm{sup -2}) in the case of the boron plus nitrogen sequence favours the formation of sp{sup 2} bonds (hexagonal-BN) while a higher ion current density (6{mu}A.cm{sup -2}) promotes sp{sup 3} bonds (cubic-BN) in the opposite sequence. Tribological tests carried out on these samples revealed that nitrogen and boron implantations do not lead to any significant improvement of friction and wear at variance with the results obtained by others authors. However, on a set samples accidentally contaminated with carbon during implantation, we noticed a considerable improvement of these tribological parameters. As this pollution is commonly encountered in surface ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The difficult economic circumstances with which almost the whole world had to contend, brought serious financial crisis in many countries. South Africa also had its own share of serious problems. Despite this situation, Transvaal Consolidated Land and Exploration Company, Limited, showed on increase in earnings of 24 per cent per share. The reason for this lies mainly in two areas. Firstly the company acquired the mining related business of Rand Mines, Limited. Included in the acquisition was a partfolio of shares mainly in the company's associated gold and uranium mining companies and additional shares in its listed coal mining subsidiaries. Secondly, the average gold price realised by producers in rand terms, was considerably higher than in the previous year. Consolidated profit attributable to members increased by 52 per cent to R82,6 million.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

AlGaInP epitaxial layers grown at 690 degree C by atmospheric pressure organometallic vapor phase epitaxy are investigated by transmission electron microscopy. For the first time, compositionally modulated and ordered structures are simultaneously observed in AlGaInP alloys. The ordering is of the CuPt type with ordering along the #left brace#111#right brace# directions. The ordered regions appear as plate-like microdomains, while the composition modulation takes the form of a fine columnar constrast oriented along the growth direction. In addition, from the results of (001) plan-view diffraction contrast examination, the principal strain direction associated with the modulation structures is found to be perpendicular to the growth direction and lies in the surface plane. Thus, it is concluded that the spinodal decomposition is initiated and developed on the surface during the growth of the AlGaInP epitaxial layers and, finally, forms the columnar structure.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Delta-doped boron marker layers in silicon have been used to test further the relationship between B transient enhanced diffusion (TED) and the flux of silicon interstitials released during the annealing stage following self implantation. The authors present new data which address a number of questions raised by the present models. They show that in the experiments bulk trapping of interstitials is significant only for low implant fluences (#approx#10"1"2 cm"-"2). The origin of the observed diffusion-like profiles for the interstitial flux is instead found to lie in local trapping within the #delta#-doped layers themselves. Boron trapped in immobile clusters may be associated with Si interstitials in approximately a 1:1 ratio; nevertheless this trapping contribution alone may not entirely account for the observed gradient. They suggest that some part of the observed TED response with depth is attributable to local trapping of silicon interstitials within the boron ...

CERN Document Server

The Large Hadron Collider presents an unprecedented opportunity to probe the realm of new physics in the TeV region and shed light on some of the core unresolved issues of particle physics. These include the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking, the origin of mass, the possible constituent of cold dark matter, new sources of CP violation needed to explain the baryon excess in the universe, the possible existence of extra gauge groups and extra matter, and importantly the path Nature chooses to resolve the hierarchy problem - is it supersymmetry or extra dimensions. Many models of new physics beyond the standard model contain a hidden sector which can be probed at the LHC. Additionally, the LHC will be a top factory and accurate measurements of the properties of the top and its rare decays will provide a window to new physics. Further, the LHC could shed light on the origin of neutralino masses if the new physics associated with their generation lies in the TeV ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this study, WO3 thin films were grown on glass substrates using an aqueous solution containing tungstate (NH4)2WO4 as precursor. The substrate temperature incremented from 250 to 500 deg. C, by steps of 50 deg. C. The structural properties were investigated using XRD, atomic force microscopy and scanning electronic microscopy techniques. Microprobe analyses showed that a balanced stoichiometric composition was obtained for thin films prepared at Ts = 350 and 400 deg. C. The X-ray diffraction analyses showed different structure crystallography in function of the substrate temperature. Moreover, films deposited at 400 deg. C were annealed in air for 2 h at 450 and 500 deg. C, respectively and the structural changes due to heat treatment were studied. Finally, the optical properties of these films were carried out using optical measurements of transmittance T(?) and reflectance R(?) spectra in 300-1800 nm domain. The refractive and absorption indexes, n and k were calculated. The band ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Potassium atoms in selected high-lying np Rydberg states (80 #<=# n #<=# 400) are being used as a tool to examine electron-polar molecule collisions at ultra-low energies (#approx#80 #mu#eV - 1 meV). This energy regime has not been investigated previously and is of interest because the corresponding electron de Broglie wavelength is large, #approx#1300 - 330 Angstrom, and because the collision time is comparable to the period of molecular rotation. A variety of target molecules has been studied, including simple rotors such as HF, and more complex species such as NH_3, CH_3I, CH_2Br_2 and C_6H_5NO_2. These targets encompass a range of dipole moments and rotational behavior, but analysis of the data shows that in each case the cross section #sigma#(#epsilon#) for rotationally-inelastic electron-polar molecule scattering varies approximately as 1/#epsilon# where #epsilon# is the electron energy. Such threshold behavior is not predicted by the Born approximation ...

Science.gov (United States)

We investigate the features of the spontaneous emission spectra in a coherently driven cold five-level atomic system by means of a radio frequency (rf) or microwave field driving a hyperfine transition within the ground state. It is shown that a few interesting phenomena such as spectral-line narrowing, spectral-line enhancement, spectral-line suppression, and spontaneous emission quenching can be realized by modulating the frequency and intensity of the rf-driving field in our system. In the dressed-state picture of the coupling and rf-driving fields, we find that this coherently driven atomic system has three close-lying levels so that multiple spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) arises. Our considered atomic model can be found in real atoms, such as rubidium or sodium, so a corresponding experiment can be done to observe the expected phenomena related to SGC reported by Fountoulakis et al. [Phys. Rev. A 73, 033811 (2006)], since no rigorous conditions are ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A single exposure energy subtraction technique with a metal filter and an imaging plate for the Fuji Computed Radiography (FCR) system was developed for dual-energy subtraction radiography (DES) of the chest. By the use of this technique, 206 patients with suspected lung cancer were scanned in the clinical settings. The subtracted images in 200 patients, excluding six with poor image quality, were examined. Soft-tissue images (bone cancelled images) were useful in visualizing abnormality of the airway and nodules lying under the ribs; and bone images (soft-tissue cancelled images) in detecting rib metastases and the presence or absence of calcification in nodules. Additional information was acquired in 21 % (42/200). A single exposure is capable of neglecting motion artifacts. In addition, this technique may be of value in DES, which is considered to be one of the routine examinations, in view of low exposure doses. The need of conventional roentgenograph, in ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

During the operation of a tokamak, the first wall elements suffer very high heat fluxes. Heat is removed by internal cooling by means of water, helium or fluid metal. The resulting inhomogeneous temperature field cause internal stresses which, due to the pulsed operation are of cyclic nature. Additional mechanical stresses in the first wall may be caused by disruptions or vertical plasma movements. During theses events high currents are induced in the metallic part of the first wall which by their interaction with the magnetic field of the tokamak lead to mechanical forces. These electromechanical stresses may lie beyond the yield stress of the structural material. From the interaction of thermal and mechanical forces, a complex stress state is achieved which under certain circumstances may lead to premature failure and/or to progressive plastic deformations (ratcheting). In order to study the boundary conditions for the occurrence of ratcheting, a testing rig has ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report the results of a linearized augmented-plane-wave calculation of the electronic structure of fcc La at three lattice constants corresponding to ambient pressure, 50, and 120 kbars. The Kohn-Sham-Gaspar approximation for exchange and correlation is used and the potential is allowed a fully non-muffin-tin form. The f bands lie approx.2--2.5 eV above the Fermi level and are approx.1 eV wide, resulting in a very small (0.05 electrons) localized f occupation. Under pressure the f bands rise and broaden appreciably, resulting in only a slight increase in f occupation. The rigid-muffin-tin approximation for the electron-phonon interaction lambda overestimates the superconducting transition temperature T/sub c/ by 40%, but we find that the drastic increase in T/sub c/ under pressure can be attributed primarily to changes in the electronic stiffness eta. Structural transitions which occur at 25 and 53 kbars may be related to changes in Fermi-surface topology which ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Several nuclear power plant sites have been wounded in the crossfire between two distinct corporate cultures. The traditional utility culture lies on one side and that of the nuclear navy on the other. The two corporate cultures lead to different perceptions of open-quotes safety culture.close quotes This clash of safety cultures obscures a very important point about nuclear plant operations: Safety depends on organizational learning. Organizational learning provides the foundation for a perception of safety culture that transcends the conflict between utility and nuclear navy cultures. Corporate culture may be defined as the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs shared by employees of a given company. Safety culture is the part of corporate culture concerning shared attitudes and beliefs affecting individual or public safety. If the safety culture promotes behaviors that lead to greater safety, employees will tend to open-quotes do the right thingclose quotes even ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Beneath the harsh deserts of Saudi Arabia lie dark chambers and complex mazes filled with strange shapes and wondrous beauty. Radon concentration measurements have been carried out in the desert caves of Al-Somman Plateau in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Passive radon dosimeters, based on alpha particle etch track detectors with an inlet filter, were used in this study. A total of 59 dosimeters were placed in five caves for a period of six months. Out of 59 dosimeters, 37 could be collected for analysis. Measurements showed significant variations in radon concentrations in caves depending upon their natural ventilation. The results of the study show that the average radon concentration in the different caves ranges from 74 up to 451Bqm"-"3. The average radon concentration in four of the caves was low in the range 74-114Bqm"-"3. However, one cave showed an average radon concentration of 451Bqm"-"3. Radon is not a problem for tourists in the majority of ...

CERN Document Server

Simulations of planetary microlensing at high magnification that were carried out on a cluster computer are presented. It was found that the perturbations due to two-thirds of all planets occur in the time interval [-0.5t_FWHM, 0.5t_ FWHM] with respect to the peak of the microlensing light curve, where t_FWHM is typically about 14 hours. This implies that only this restricted portion of the light curve need be intensively monitored for planets, a very significant practical advantage. Nearly all planetary detections in high magnification events will not involve caustic crossings. The position angle, mass and projected orbital radius of a planet may be systematically determined from the planetary deviation. Earth mass planets may be detected with 1-m class telescopes if their projected orbital radii lie within about 1.5 - 2.5 AU. Giant planets are detectable over a much larger region. For multi-planet systems the perturbations due to individual planets can be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Proton and neutron transfer populating low-lying states have been studied in the system {sup 144}Sm+{sup 88}Sr at an energy below the Coulomb barrier. The experimental cross sections for the single proton transfer are well reproduced by DWBA-calculations using spectroscopic information from light ion reactions. The two-proton transfer appears enhanced relative to the uncorrelated sequential transfer of single protons. The same holds for the transfer of proton pairs, the enhancement is kept for the second pair. This is interpreted as a supercurrent between two superfluid nuclear proton-pair wave functions: More mass and charge is transported per time unit in pairs than by single nucleons. Neutron transfer is observed with large cross sections and is found to contribute to the energy loss observed in the transfer reactions. For mixed proton-neutron transfers the sequential nature of the transfer reactions is established in a similar way as for the two-proton and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The optoelectronic and excitonic properties in a series of linear acenes are investigated using range-separated methods within time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). In these highly-conjugated systems, we find that the range-separated formalism provides a substantially improved description of excitation energies compared to conventional hybrid functionals, which surprisingly fail for the various low-lying valence transitions. Moreover, we find that even if the percentage of Hartree-Fock exchange in conventional hybrids is re-optimized to match wavefunction-based CC2 benchmark calculations, they still yield serious errors in excitation energy trends. Based on an analysis of electron-hole transition density matrices, we also show that conventional hybrid functionals overdelocalize excitons and underestimate quasiparticle energy gaps in the acene systems. The results of the present study emphasize the importance of a range-separated and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present a description of the ground state and low-lying excited states of two holes in the 4x4 cluster t-J model in terms of a simple model for the motion of a single bipolaron. The existence of short-range antiferromagnetic correlations has been assumed. According to the suggested scenario, the formation of the bipolaron is mediated by the reduction of the magnetic energy in the case of two holes occupying nearest neighbor sites. The relevant part of the Hilbert space consists of wave functions corresponding to holes oscillating around pairs of nearest neighbor sites and trapped in a potential well due to strings of spin defects. Virtual processes which connect these states involve both the kinetic term and the transverse part of the Heisenberg Hamiltonian. Many properties of energy level schemes obtained by numerical diagonalizations such as the sequence of the lowest states for each irreducible representation of the k vector point groups can be reproduced ...

CERN Document Server

For the last years, time-series mining has become a challenging issue for researchers. An important application lies in most monitoring purposes, which require analyzing large sets of time-series for learning usual patterns. Any deviation from this learned profile is then considered as an unexpected situation. Moreover, complex applications may involve the temporal study of several heterogeneous parameters. In that paper, we propose a method for mining heterogeneous multivariate time-series for learning meaningful patterns. The proposed approach allows for mixed time-series -- containing both pattern and non-pattern data -- such as for imprecise matches, outliers, stretching and global translating of patterns instances in time. We present the early results of our approach in the context of monitoring the health status of a person at home. The purpose is to build a behavioral profile of a person by analyzing the time variations of several quantitative or qualitative ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This poster presentation dealt with a brief overview of the practices in effect in British Columbia related to metal leaching and acid mine drainage. The metals mined in the province include coal, gold, silver, copper, molybdenum, lead, and zinc. Some mines operate under the surface, while others are strip mines, etc. under a variety of climactic conditions and a host of different mining companies, such as Cominco, Placer Dome and Noranda. The primary objective is the prevention of negative environmental impacts on land and in the water. Salmon and other fish need to be protected. A secondary objective is the minimization of impacts on the biota, which requires a detailed study of ecological risks. The solution often lies in soil covering. To illustrate, the author described the situation at Huckleberry Mines Ltd. and the remedial action that was implemented, and discussed the results on the beavers. In conclusion, the author discussed the strategies implemented by ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This report presented some quick facts about oil and gas pipelines in Turkey and presented opportunities for trade. The key players and customers in the oil and gas sector were described along with an export check list. Turkey is looking into becoming an energy bridge between oil and gas producing countries in the Middle East, Central Asia and Europe. The oil and gas sectors are dominated by the Turkish Petroleum Corporation, a public enterprise dealing with exploration and production, and the State Pipeline Corporation which deals with energy transmission. They are also the key buyers of oil and gas equipment in Turkey. There are several pipelines connecting countries bordering the Caspian Sea. Opportunities exist in the areas of engineering consulting as well as contracting services for oil and gas pipeline transmission and distribution. Other opportunities lie in the area of pipeline construction, rehabilitation, materials, equipment, installation, and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Obtained experimental data on integral cross sections (ICS) of inelastic scattering of 50.5 MeV #alpha# particles with the excitation of "6","7Li, "9Be, "1"2","1"3C, "1"4C, "1"4N, "2"0Ne, "2"4Mg, "2"8Si nucleus low-lying energy levels are discussed. Regularities, detected in the behaviour of ICS forward scattering for 20-90 deg angles and backscattering for 90-160 deg angles for the target-nucleus under investigation are considered. Effect of reaction open channel number on #alpha#-particle scattering ICS where n,p,d- and #alpha#-channels were considered as the main channels for all the target-nuclei, is discussed. Dependence of #alpha#-particle scattering ICS on the target-nucleus level excitation energy and dependences of reaction open channel number on the channel spin, calculated for 50.5 MeV #alpha# particles and different target nuclei are shown in the diagrams. It is noted that the observed regularities in the #alpha#-particle inelastic scattering ICS are ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recent analyses of the anisotropy of cosmic rays at 10{sup 18} eV (the AGASA and SUGAR data) show significant excesses from regions close to the galactic centre and Cygnus. Our aim is to check whether such anisotropies can be caused by single sources of charged particles. We investigate propagation of protons in two models of the galactic regular magnetic field (with the irregular component included) assuming that the particles are injected by a short-lived discrete source lying in the direction of the galactic centre. We show that apart from a prompt image of the source, the regular magnetic field may cause delayed images at quite large angular distances from the actual source direction. The image is strongly dependent on the time elapsed after ejection of particles and it is also very sensitive to their energy. For the most favourable conditions for particle acceleration by a young pulsar, the predicted fluxes are two to four orders of magnitude higher than those ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present a new class of exact solutions of Deser, Jackiw, and Templeton's theory (DJT) of topologically massive gravity which consists of homogeneous, anisotropic manifolds. In these solutions the coframe is given by the left-invariant 1-forms of 3-dimensional Lie algebras up to constant scale factors. These factors are fixed in terms of the DJT coupling constant #mu#m which is the constant of proportionality between the Einstein and Cotton tensors in 3-dimensions. Differences between the scale factors result in anisotropy which is a common feature of topologically massive 3-manifolds. We have found that only Bianchi Types VI, VIII, and IX lead to nontrivial solutions. Among these, a Bianchi Type IX, squashed 3-sphere solution of the Euclideanized DJT theory has finite action, Bianchi Type VIII, IX solutions can variously be embedded in the de Sitter/anti-de Sitter space. That is, some DJT 3-manifolds that we shall present here can be regarded as the basic ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We investigate the two-body decay modes {rho}{rho}, {pi}{pi}{sup *} (1300) and {sigma}{sigma} of the f{sub 0}(1500), all leading to the four pion decay channel, in a three-state mixing scheme, where the f{sub 0}(1500) is a mixture of the lowest lying scalar glueball with the nearby isoscalar states of the 0{sup ++}Q Q-bar nonet. In the leading order of this scheme, the decay mechanism of the f{sub 0}(1500) proceeds dominantly via its quarkonium components, which can be described in the framework of the {sup 3}P{sub 0} pair creation model. We predict the hierarchy of decay branching ratios B with B({rho}{rho}) {>=} B({pi}{pi}) {>=} B({sigma}{sigma}) > B({pi}{pi}{sup *}), providing a key signature of the proposed mixing scheme in this leading order approach. (authors)

CERN Document Server

This paper presents and implements an iterative feedback design algorithm for stabilisation of discrete-time switched systems under arbitrary switching regimes. The algorithm seeks state feedback gains so that the closed-loop switching system admits a common quadratic Lyapunov function (CQLF) and hence is uniformly globally exponentially stable. Although the feedback design problem considered can be solved directly via linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), direct application of LMIs for feedback design does not provide information on closed-loop system structure. In contrast, the feedback matrices computed by the proposed algorithm assign closed-loop structure approximating that required to satisfy Lie-algebraic conditions that guarantee existence of a CQLF. The main contribution of the paper is to provide, for single-input systems, a numerical implementation of the algorithm based on iterative approximate common eigenvector assignment, and to establish cases where ...

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Inventories of emissions and removals of greenhouse gases will be used under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol to demonstrate compliance with obligations. During the negotiation process of the Kyoto Protocol it has been a concern that uptake of carbon in forest sinks can be difficult to verify. The reason for large uncertainties are high temporal and spatial variability and lack of representative estimation parameters. Additional uncertainties will be a consequence of definitions made in the Kyoto Protocol reporting. In the Nordic countries the national forest inventories will be very useful to estimate changes in carbon stocks. The main uncertainty lies in the conversion from changes in tradable timber to changes in total carbon biomass. The uncertainties in the emissions of the non-CO{sub 2} carbon from forest soils are particularly high. On the other hand the removals reported under the Kyoto Protocol will only be a ...

CERN Document Server

A new predictive framework for supersymmetry at the TeV scale is presented. The \\mu parameter of the MSSM is replaced by (\\lambda S), where S is a singlet field, and the axion becomes a heavy pseudoscalar, G, by adding a mass, m_G, by hand. The explicit breaking of Peccei--Quinn (PQ) symmetry is assumed to be sufficiently weak at the TeV scale that the only observable consequence is the mass m_G. Three models for the explicit PQ breaking are given; but the utility of this framework is that the predictions for all physics at the electroweak scale are independent of the particular model for PQ breaking. The MSSM parameters \\mu, B are replaced by \\lambda, A_\\lambda. Taking the scalar mass m_S^2 to be sufficiently small and \\lambda = A_\\lambda \\sin (2 \\beta) /2. Our framework leads to a theory similar to the MSSM, except that \\mu is predicted and there are light, weakly-coupled states that lie dominantly in the superfield S. The production and cascade decay ...

Science.gov (United States)

Cross sections for excitation induced by electron collision between low-lying 1s{sup 2}2s{sup 2}2p{sup 5} and 1s{sup 2}2s2p{sup 6} states of f-like selenium and from these states to singly excited states with the excited electron occupying the M shell have been calculated by relativistic distorted-wave Born procedures. The GRASP{sup 2} code was used for the atomic structure calculations. The continuum orbitals for the construction of continuum states were computed in the distorted-wave approximation, in which the distorted-wave potential used was the spherically averaged potential of the nucleus plus the potential of the bound electrons of the bound state. The cross sections for excitations were computed first by a 233-level multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) configuration expansion and then by a 279-level MCDF configuration expansion. The latter procedure, which also took into account contributions from all the participating singly excited N-shell states, was ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Electric Power Monthly (EPM) presents monthly electricity statistics for a wide audience including congress, Federal and State agencies, the electric utility industry, and the general public. The purpose of this publication is to provide energy decisionmakers with accurate and timely information that may be used in forming various perspectives on electric issues that lie ahead. This publication provides monthly statistics at the State, Census division, and US levels for net generation, fossil fuel consumption and stocks, quantity and quality of fossil fuels, cost of fossil fuels, electricity retail sales, associated revenue, and average revenue per kilowatthour of electricity sold. In addition, data on net generation, fuel consumption, fuel stocks, quantity and cost of fossil fuels are also displayed for the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC) regions. The EIA publishes statistics in the EPM on net generation by energy source; consumption, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

If climate changes are expected, their regional impacts are of special interest. Up to now (and in the near future) global climate models have been unable to deliver applicable results to describe the climate situation within a selected region (IPCC, 1995). That is why the description of the climate development in such an area must be realised by another possibility of creating meteorological data. Of importance besides is that the consistency in space and time and also between all meteorological parameters is not infracted. The used method proceeds on the assumption that the large scale changes of several meteorological parameters for a defined region calculated by a GCM can be regarded as correct as regards their tendencies. Based on such an assumption, long-term observed time series are prepared by statistical methods in such a way that they reflect the GCM-calculated changes by a scenario. The advantage of this method lies in the reduction of the defects of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Electromagnetic Fluctuations (EMF) diagnostic will be used to monitor ion fluctuations which could be unstable in MFTF-B. Each probe assembly includes a high impedance electrostatic probe to measure potential fluctuations, and a group of nested, single turn loops to measure magnetic fluctuations in three directions. Eventually, more probes and loops will be added to each probe assembly for making more detailed measurements. The sensors must lie physically close to the plasma edge and are radially positionable. Also, probes at separate axial locations can be positioned to connect along the same magnetic field line. These probes are similar in concept to the rf probes used on TMX, but the high thermal load for 30-second shots on MFTF-B requires a water-cooled design along with temperature monitors. Each signal channel has a bandwidth of .001 to 150 MHz and is monitored by up to four different data channels which obtain amplitude and frequency information. This ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A photoaffinity derivative of the local anesthetic trimethisoquin, 5-azido-["3H]trimethisoquin (5-A["3H]T) labelled bands of app. mol. wt 50 k and 66 k. To explain the rather paradoxical labelling by 5-A["3H]T of two polypeptide chains instead of one, three possibilities were considered: (i) The site for non-competititve blockers is not carried by the 50 k or 66 k chain; however, these chains lie in the vicinity of the binding site and become preferentially labelled since they present chemical groups with which the nitrene group of 5-A["3H]T reacts. (ii) The 50 k and 66 k chains are different but carry binding sites for non-competitive blockers with similar reactivities. (iii) The 50 k chain labelled by 5-A["3H]T derives from the 66 k chain by proteolysis. These results show that the third alternative is the correct one. Under conditions which limit proteolysis, 5-A["3H]T selectively labels the 66 k polypeptide chain. (Auth.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this paper is offering a critical review of Calibration-Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (CF-LIBS), the approach of multi-elemental quantitative analysis of LIBS spectra, based on the measurement of line intensities and plasma properties (plasma electron density and temperature) and on the assumption of a Boltzmann population of excited levels, which does not require the use of calibration curves or matrix-matched standards. The first part of this review focuses on the applications of the CF-LIBS method. Quantitative results reported in the literature, obtained in the analysis of various materials and in a wide range of experimental conditions, are summarized, with a special emphasis on the departure from nominal composition values. The second part is a discussion of the simplifying assumptions which lie at the basis of the CF-LIBS algorithm (stoichiometric ablation and complete atomization, thermal equilibrium, homogeneous plasma, thin ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We have investigated the diffusion enhancement mechanism of boron-enhanced diffusion (BED), wherein boron diffusivity is enhanced four to five times over the equilibrium diffusivity at 1050&hthinsp;{degree}C in the proximity of a silicon layer containing a high boron concentration. It is demonstrated that BED is driven by excess interstitials injected from the high boron concentration layer during annealing. For evaporated layers, BED is observed above a threshold boron concentration between 1{percent} and 10{percent}, though it appears to be closer to 1{percent} for B-implanted layers. For sub-keV B implants above the threshold, BED dominates over the contribution from transient-enhanced diffusion to junction depth. For 0.5 keV B, this threshold implantation dose lies between 3{times}10{sup 14} and 1{times}10{sup 15} cm{sup {minus}2}. It is proposed that the excess interstitials responsible for BED are produced during the formation of a silicon boride phase in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Authors already reported the integrated system so called SODAS (System Of Design and Assembling for Shipbuilding) which was based on product model concept. And products in shipbuilding industry today are not limited to ship structures alone. Therefore, it is desirable that a more global product model which can describe another products such as offshore structures should be considered. In this paper, a product model of offshore structures is discussed. Compared with the case of ship structures, the distinctive feature in the design stage of offshore structures lies in the initial design stage. Thus in this paper, some of the new model in initial design stage are introduced. Some of them are `Function Element Model` which expresses functional concept by designers. In the other design stage, product information such as `Room` and `Part` which were already introduced in SODAS are used effectively for a product model of offshore structures. By the use of product ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isobaric contaminants are often problematical in accelerated negative ion beams for research at certain radioactive ion beam (RIB) and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) facilities since their presence in low-intensity rare isotopic beams seriously compromise experimental results. This article describes a non-resonant, laser-based photo-detachment apparatus for use at these facilities, which, according to calculations efficiently removes isobaric contaminants from these beams. The advantage of the system for isobaric contaminant removal over other systems proposed to date lies in its ability to efficiently capture easily transportable energetic negative ion beams with low, intermediate or high energy spreads by a superconducting solenoid magnetic field. The ability to change the diameter of captured beams by adjusting the magnetic field strength permits optimum control of the radial overlap of the laser/negative ion beam profiles over an extended interaction ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The Idaho Falls quadrangle in southeastern Idaho lies at the juncture of the Snake River Plain, the Northern Rocky Mountains, and the Basin-Range Province. Quaternary basalts of the Snake River Plain occupy 70% of the quadrangle. The rest of the area is covered by uplifted Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic rocks of the Pre-Late Cenozoic Orogenic Complex. Magnetic data apparently show contributions from both shallow and deep sources. The apparent expression of intrusive and extrusive rocks of late Mesozoic and Cenozoic age tends to mask the underlying structural downtrap thought to exist under the Snake River Plain. The Idaho Falls quadrangle has been unproductive in terms of uranium mining. A single claim exists in the Sawtooth Mountains, but no information was found concerning its present status at the time of this study. A total of 169 anomalies are valid according to the criteria set forth in Volume I of this report. These anomalies are scattered throughout the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Lethal yellow (A{sup y}) is a mutation at the mouse agouti locus in chromosome 2 that causes a number of dominant pleiotropic effects, including a completely yellow coat color, obesity, an insulin-resistant type II diabetic condition, and an increased propensity to develop a variety of spontaneous and induced tumors. Additionally, homozygosity for A{sup y} results in preimplantation lethality, which terminates development by the blastocyst stage. The A{sup y} mutation is the result of a 170-kb deletion that removes all but the promoter and noncoding first exon of another gene called Raly, which lies in the same transcriptional orientation as agouti and maps 280 kb proximal to the 3{prime} end of the agouti gene. The authors present a model for the structure of the A{sub y} allele that can explain the dominant pleiotropic effects associated with this mutation, as well as the recessive lethality, which is unrelated to the agouti gene.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The research supported by this Department of Energy contract has primarily been devoted to the study of the electronic properties of surfaces with sub-micron size. In previous years, we have studied the photoexcitation of electrons from field emission tips by a focussed Argon-ion laser beam tuned to operate at specific photon energy. The photoexcited electrons escape into the vacuum by tunneling through a surface potential barrier which is distorted by the application of a strong electric field. The interest in these experiments lies in a better understanding of the photoexcitation process at low photon energies. The techniques that have been developed directly measure the excited state energy distribution of electrons emitted through the surface potential barrier. The basic information gained from this research is relevant to opto-electronic devices which rely on photoexcitation of electrons in the presence of strong interfacial electric fields for their ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

After an international ideas competition by TNC Switzerland and Germany in 1996, six companies where given the opportunity to construct a prototype of their newly developed integrated PV-sound barrier concepts. The main goal was to develop highly integrated concepts, allowing the reduction of PV sound barrier systems costs, as well as the demonstration of specific concepts for different noise situations. This project is strongly correlated with a German project. Three of the concepts of the competition are demonstrated along a highway near Munich, constructed in 1997. The three Swiss installations had to be constructed at different locations, reflecting three typical situations for sound barriers. The first Swiss installation was the world first Bi-facial PV-sound barrier. It was built on a highway bridge at Wallisellen-Aubrugg in 1997. The operational experience of the installation is positive. But due to the different efficiencies of the two cell sides, its specific yield ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The magnetic structure of the cubic compound CeAl_2 is incommensurate and double-k. The moments on the two Ce sites describe two elliptical helices of opposed chiralities and lie in the (11-bar0) plane, with their Fourier components m"k close to the [111] direction. Recent symmetry considerations, including for the first time the inversion center of the crystal, have reduced the number of parameters of this structure and have underlined the existence of a phase difference between the projections m_x"k, m_y"k and m_z"k of m"k. Up to now, although many neutron investigations have been carried out on CeAl_2 single crystals, no set of magnetic intensities was available which was large and good enough to check whether this phase difference exists or not. We have measured such a set of data, taking great care of the instrumental resolution in order to avoid unwanted contributions to the intensities from other domains. As the magnetic form factor of the #GAMMA#_7 ground ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Pequop Mountains (PM), Wood Hills (WH) and East Humboldt Range (EHR), NE Nevada, provide evidence that the hinterland of the Sevier thrust belt experienced large-magnitude Mesozoic shortening ([>=]55 km) and crustal thickening ([>=] 30 km). These ranges expose a structurally continuous crustal cross section of unmetamorphosed to high pressure upper amphibolite facies Triassic to Precambrian miogeoclinal strata. This sequence lies structurally beneath unmetamorphosed extensional klippen that omit metamorphic grade and crustal section, but also repeat stratigraphic units. Because they repeat stratigraphic units, the underlying miogeoclinal section, or footwall, must have once lain beneath a thrust fault (herein named the Windermere thrust). The footwall of the Windermere thrust was exhumed by two generations of top-to-the-W-NW low-angle normal faults that are distinguished by whether they are depositionally overlapped by Eocene volcanic rocks or if they cut ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The detailed features of the calculated energy-level schemes and of the single-particle, orbit-occupancy properties of the low-lying levels of the N=50 isotones "8"0Zn, "8"1Ga, "8"2Ge, "8"3As, "8"4Se, "8"5Br, "8"6Kr, and "8"7Rb are presented and discussed. These results are obtained with a new effective Hamiltonian operator obtained empirically from an iterative fit to experimental energies taken from all experimentally studied (A=82--96) N=50 nuclei. The model space for the calculations consists of active 0f/sub 5/2/, 1p/sub 3/2/, 1p/sub 1/2/, and 0g/sub 9/2/ proton orbits relative to a nominal "7"8Ni core. This space is truncated internally by restricting the number of particles excited from the negative-parity orbits into the g/sub 9/2/ orbit to be no greater than four. The typical structures predicted for these lighter N=50 isotones are found to be dominated by well-mixed combinations of fp-orbit configurations, with the g/sub 9/2/ orbit playing a minor role in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A scaled physical model was operated to simulate steam drive operations in five-spot patterns with reservoir and operational parameters similar to those encountered in California reservoirs. The goal of this study was to elucidate the role of two important controllable parameters, viz., steam injection rate and steam quality and to explore the role of two important factors, oil viscosity and reservoir permeability on the performance of the steam drive. In addition, the influence of bottom water and a basal permeable layer were investigated. The experiments demonstrated that there is an optimum injection rate; that in the vicinity of this optimum an increased quantity results in improved oil steam ratios; that the viscosity of the oil at steam temperature, raised to a fractional power, 0.5, appears to correlate with oil production; that permeabilities in the darcy range have little effect on performance, but an increasing one with low viscosity oil, and that bottom water, which ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A cell calculation code SLAROM-UF was developed to improve calculation accuracy of effective cross sections for various fast reactor types. SLAROM-UF has a capability to calculate effective cross sections in ultra fine groups of about 100,000 below 50keV and in fine groups above the energy (maximum 900 groups). Resonance interaction among the fuel, the coolant, and the structure materials can be treated accurately even in a heterogeneous cell structure. Temperature can be set up freely in a cell by the ultra fine group calculation. Improvement in nuclear characteristics was observed in the analysis of JUPITER critical experiment, as 0.1% for criticality, 4% for sodium void reactivity, several % for radial reaction rate distribution, when SLAROM-UF was used instead of the typical cell calculation code. The effect of the ultra fine group calculation is remarkable in the non-leakage term of sodium void reactivity, and that of the fine group calculation is in the case that neutron spectrum ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Space particles act on semiconductor devices by creating charges (electrons, holes) in the silicon and the silicon dioxide, and by creating displacement damage. These primary phenomena alter the electrical parameters of MOS and bipolar devices (threshold voltage V_t, mobility #mu#, conductivity #sigma#, current gain #beta#). The dose rate is not important in space (a few rad (Si)/h) but as the durations of space expeditions are on average from seven to twelve years, the total dose is an aggravating factor in the behaviour of the electrical parameters and also in device operation. The total dose effect from the beginning of charge creation (ionization) to the parameter shifts is reviewed. One can note that this effect is permanent because there will almost always be charge creation in space. Another important phenomenon is called the Single Event Upset (S.E.U.) and caused by the heavy ions and the protons which come from the galactic rays. The consequence of S.E.U. is a transient upset ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Low-lying nuclear energy levels in "1"1"0In and "1"1"2In were determined from de-excitation #gamma#-rays produced with "1"0"7Ag(#alpha#,n#gamma#)-"1"1"0In, "1"0"8Pd("6Li,4n#gamma#)"1"1"0In, "1"0"9Ag(#alpha#,n#gamma#)"1"1"2In and "1"1"0Pd("6Li,4n#gamma#)"1"1"2In reactions. In addition, the "1"1"4In energy level structure was investigated with the "1"1"0Pd("7Li,3n#gamma#)"1"1"4In reaction. Properties of de-excitation #gamma#-rays were determined from #gamma#-#gamma# coincidence, excitation, and angular distribution measurements conducted with Ge(Li) and Ge(intr.) #gamma#-ray detectors. A sequence of intraconnected levels in each of "1"1"0,"1"1"2,"1"1"4In were assigned to the (#pi#g"-"1/sub 9/2/, #nu#h/sub 11/2/) configuration. For the "1"1"0,"1"1"2,"1"1"4In energy level schemes a model calculation has been performed using the pairing-plus-quadrupole model, which reproduced states of the (#pi#g"-"1/sub 9/2/, #nu#h/sub 11/2/) multiplets quite well. A value of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A preliminary geologic investigation was conducted to determine if Triassic sedimentary rocks of the Sanford basin and Colon cross structure in North Carolina are favorable hosts for uranium deposits. Rocks of adjacent Carolina slate belt were also examined as a potential source of uranium. On the basis of favorability criteria for sandstone-type uranium deposits, and geologic and geophysical investigations of the study area, the most favorable sites for further investigation are (1) at the contacts between the Pekin and Cumnock and between the Pekin and Sanford Formations near the Colon cross structure and (2) at the base of the Jonesboro fault, which lies below the Sanford Formation, northwest of Sanford. The highly weathered granites southeast of the Jonesboro fault were a source of the detritus deposited on the cross structure and may have been a primary source of uranium. Uranium leached from the coarse sediment (Pekin Formation) of the cross structure may ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The island of Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti) lies within the North Caribbean strike-slip plate boundary zone. The post-Eocene history of Hispaniola is marked by strike-slip accretion of crustal fragments onto a Late Cretaceous-Eocene island arc. Three onshore Neogene clastic basins have been the focus of petroleum exploration in Hispaniola. Oil production was achieved by drilling surface anticlines in the Azua Basin in South-Central Hispaniola (Dominican Republic) during World War II (Maleno and Higuerito fields). More modern seismic exploration has been carried out in the Enriquillo, San Juan and Cibao Basins, but has not resulted in production. Recent surface and seismic stratigraphic mapping has elucidated the geologic history of Southern Hispaniola. It consists of several Late Cretaceous-Eocene oceanic and island-arc terranes separated by E-W to NW/SE-striking ''ramp'' or thrust-bound clastic basins of Neogene age ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The grey-black mudstones of the Sonehat Formation form part of the Middle Jurassic fill of the Jameson Land Basin in East Greenland. The formation is exposed in the southernmost part of the north south-trending, Mesozoic rift system in East Greenland that was part of the epeiric seaway betaveen East Greenland and Norway. Sedimentological observations of the Sortehat Formation indicate deposition in an offshore marine setting that was typically low energy and periodically oxygen-deficient but was influenced by storm currents on occasion. Detailed palynological studies of the Sortehat Formation have resulted in the definition of theee palynological assemblage zones recognised at four localities, namely Enhjoerningen Dal and Pelion (north Jameson Land), the type section at Sortehat (central Jameson Land) and Albuen at Neill Klinter along Hurry Inlet (south-east Jameson Land). In stratigraphic order, these zones are termed the Botryococcus Assemblage Zone, the Naennoceratopsis gracilis- ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Iron is one of the main constituents of stainless steel which is used as a structural material in nuclear reactors. In fast and conceptual fusion and fusion-fission hybrid systems the primary energy range of neutron interaction lies between 1 and 20 MeV which opens up several reaction channels. The reaction cross-sections in this energy range are important for dosimetry, radiation damage, neutronics and safety studies of nuclear reactors. Keeping this in view Nuclear Data Section of the International Atomic Energy Agency has sponsored a Research Co-ordination Programme on Methods for the Calculation of Fast Neutron Nuclear Data for Structural Elements. Under this programme we propose to study (n,n'), (n,2n), (n,3n), (n,p), (n,np), (n,pn), (n,#alpha#), (n,n#alpha#), (n,#alpha#n) and (n,#gamma#) reaction cross-sections. Besides these, total, elastic and discrete level inelastic scattering cross-sections, angular distributions of neutron production cross-sections, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The overall goal of the DOE fine particulate program is to ensure that the best science and technology is available for any regulatory decision-making related to the health and environmental impacts of ambient fine particulate matter and regional haze. Interest primarily lies in the particulate fraction having aerodynamic diameters of 2.5 microns and less (PM2.5). Particulates of this size are the focus of the newly established National Ambient Air Quality Standards. As such, the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC) is establishing a fine particulate sampling station at the Center's Pittsburgh site located in South Park Township, PA. This sampling station is one of a group of stations scattered throughout Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Ohio that constitute the Upper Ohio River Valley Project. The station is equipped with a full complement of fine particulate and gaseous monitors including the following: (1) R and P Sequential FRM sampler, (2) Grimm ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We investigate a two-orbital Anderson lattice model with Ising orbital intersite exchange interactions on the basis of a dynamical mean field theory combined with the static mean field approximation of intersite orbital interactions. Focusing on Ce-based heavy-fermion compounds, we examine the orbital crossover between two orbital states, when the total f-electron number per site n_f is #approx#1. We show that a 'meta-orbital' transition, at which the occupancy of two orbitals changes steeply, occurs when the hybridization between the ground-state f-electron orbital and conduction electrons is smaller than that between the excited f-electron orbital and conduction electrons at low pressures. Near the meta-orbital critical end point, orbital fluctuations are enhanced and couple with charge fluctuations. A critical theory of meta-orbital fluctuations is also developed by applying the self-consistent renormalization theory of itinerant electron magnetism to orbital fluctuations. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The effective fraction of delayed photoneutrons ({beta}{sup ph}) has been theoretically defined and experimentally determined in various different configurations of the LWR-PROTEUS critical facility. The peculiarity lies in the fact that the reactor has D{sub 2}O in only one of the four fuelled zones, thus D({gamma},n)H reactions take place mainly in this region. The work is divided into three parts. The first part is devoted to the description of the LWR-PROTEUS facility and to the measurements of {beta}{sup ph}. These experimental values are derived from standard inverse-kinetics analysis of neutron flux decay experiments for each of seven different configurations, with nine additional groups of neutron precursors to account for photoneutron effects. In the second part, the coupled neutron and gamma Boltzmann equations are reduced to exact point kinetics equations using the photon infinite-velocity approximation, and then to the point reactor model. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

11-MeV neutrons were elastically and inelastically scattered from eight single-closed-shell nuclei: three proton-vibrational nuclei with N = 50 ("8"8Sr, "9"0Zr, "9"2Mo) and five even-even neutron-vibrational nuclei ("1"1"6"-"1"2"4Sn) with Z = 50. Detection methods involving electronic discrimination against #gamma# rays, and time-of-flight techniques were used to measure the energy of the scattered neutrons. Data were taken from 15"0 to 150"0 in 5"0 intervals. Measured differential cross sections were normalized to the zero-degree neutron flux and corrected. An optical model (OM) analysis was used to fit the elastic data with the code GENOA, and potential parameters were obtained for each nucleus. The observed low-lying electric quadrupole (2"+) and octupole (3"-) states were collective in nature; the macroscopic or collective model for inelastic scattering was used to generate the differential cross-section angular distributions with the distorted wave method. The ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We derive stellar masses, ages, and star formation histories (SFHs) of massive early-type galaxies in the z = 1.237 RDCS1252.9-2927 cluster and compare them with those measured in a similarly mass-selected sample of field contemporaries drawn from the Great Observatories Origin Deep Survey South Field. Robust estimates of these parameters are obtained by comparing a large grid of composite stellar population models with 8-9 band photometry in the rest-frame near-ultraviolet, optical, and IR, thus sampling the entire relevant domain of emission of the different stellar populations. Additionally, we present new, deep U-band photometry of both fields, giving access to the critical far-ultraviolet rest frame, in order to empirically constrain the dependence of the most recent star formation processes on the environment. We also analyze the morphological properties of both samples to examine the dependence of their scaling relations on their mass and environment. We find that early-type ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Modern nuclear spectroscopy boosts the study of the nuclear matter towards extreme conditions: large excitation energies, high spins, and new nuclear species with unusual ratio between the numbers of neutrons and protons. One of the 'exotic' nuclear regions, practically not studied until now, is the upper part of the N=Z line, from about N#approx#Z#approx#36 to Sn-100, probably the heaviest bound nucleus with N=Z. These nuclei lie close to the proton-drip line. Due to their special composition, it is expected that their study will reveal some phenomena which are less encountered in the nuclei studied till now. In particular, of outstanding interest is the fact that these are the only nuclei which may provide information on the properties of the neutron-proton pairing forces. In spite of its large interest, this nuclear region is exceedingly difficult to reach with the present techniques. The lecture follows the latest results and efforts in the study of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The oil shales of the Eastern United States represent a very large energy resource that also lies close to the marketplace. Although estimates vary, one estimate shows that more than 400 billion barrels of oil are recoverable from surface-mineable Devonian oil shales in the states of Alabama, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, and Tennessee. Conventional thermal retorting of Eastern and Western oil shales with comparable organic carbon contents results in a much lower oil yield for the Eastern shales. This discouraged research and development of this energy resource, until about ten years ago, when the Institute of Gas Technology discovered that retorting Eastern oil shales in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere at elevated pressures gives oil yields that are 2.5 times those possible by thermal retorting. Over the last ten years many research, development, and feasibility programs, both Government- and industry-funded, have been conducted to utilize the Eastern oil shale ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Thirty-three measured sections of the Dinwoody Formation, including five from the literature, provide information on thickness, lithology, paleontology, and stratigraphic relations within the Wind River basin and immediately adjacent areas of Wyoming. Most of these sections are in Fremont County, and some lie within the Wind River Indian Reservation. The Dinwoody becomes progressively thinner eastward, from a maximum thickness of 54.6 m in the northwestern Wind River Mountains to zero near the Natrona County line. The formation is characterized by yellowish-weathering, gray siltstone and silty shale. Variable amounts of limestone, sandstone, gypsum, and claystone are also present. Marine bivalves, gastropods, brachiopods (Lingula), and conodonts are common in the western part of the study area, but are absent to the northeast in gypsiferous strata, and near the eastern limit of Dinwoody deposition. The Dinwoody in the Wind River Basin area was deposited ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The rare-earth based nickelates RNiO{sub 3} (R=Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Pr{sub 1-x}La{sub x}, 0{<=}x{<=}0.7) were studied by inelastic neutron scattering. Energy splittings due to the crystalline-electric-field (CEF) interaction at the R{sup 3+} site within the electronic ground-state J multiplet (for R=Pr, Nd, and Pr{sub 1-x}La{sub x}) as well as within the two lowest-lying J multiplets (for R=Sm and Eu) were directly observed, and the corresponding CEF energy-level schemes were reconstructed. The latter were rationalized in terms of CEF parameters, which vary smoothly over the rare-earth series and give magnetic properties associated with the R sublattice in agreement with results from neutron powder diffraction experiments. Across the metal-insulator transition, a continuous change in the electronic part of the CEF parameters is observed. However, an attempt to quantify a charge transfer from the observed variation of the CEF parameters in an effective ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Due to thermal gradients and load changes steam-turbine casings suffer combined creep-fatigue loading. Creep and fatigue portions depend on service conditions. Special interest is focused on the behaviour of creep-fatigue cracks, originated from potential defects due to construction and manufacturing weldments, on residual lifetime assessment. The project deals with the crack-growth behaviour at 530deg C and r.t. of welded and unwelded heat-resistant cast steels: 1% CrMoV-cast (GS-17 CrMoV 5 11, two melts: low and high V-content) and 12% CrMoV-cast (G-X 22 CrMoV 12 1). The crack planes of CT-specimens investigated, taken from manual arc-welded plates, were situated in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The fatigue, creep and combined creep-fatigue crack-growth behaviour was investigated by means of low-frequency (0.5 and 0.05 Hz) tests, holding-time (20 min) tests and constant load tests up to about 5 000 h. Metallographic investigations show that in the case of both 1% and 12% CrMoV-cast ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The cavum septum pellucidum is an anatomical variants of the septum pellucidum, and lying between two lateral ventricles and this is referred to as the fifth ventricle. Occasionally, posterior extension of the cavum septum pellucidum towards the splenium is seen and this is known as the cavum vergae, or sixth ventricle. The septum is double membrane and occasionally a narrow cavity containing CSF is present between these membrane. The roof of the cavum septum pellucidum is formed by the corpus callosum and its floor by the anterior pillars of the fornix. This cavum outlined with air is occasionally seen in the pneumoencephalography. Brain CT scans of 1000 patients were performed, and the diagnosis could be made on the basis of the characteristic shape, density and location. Other diagnostic procedure are not necessary in these cases. Patients were examined with CT scanner from June-80' to Dec-80', at department of radiology, Maryknoll Hospital, ...

Science.gov (United States)

Novice problem solvers are rather sensitive to surface problem features, and they often resort to trial and error formula matching rather than identifying an appropriate solution approach. These observations have been interpreted to imply that novices structure their knowledge according to surface features rather than according to problem type categories. However, it may also be the case that novices do know problem types, but cannot map the problem at hand to a known type, because they fail to create a sufficiently well-elaborated problem representation. This study aims to distinguish between these explanations. In this study novice physics students at high and low levels of proficiency completed two problem-sorting tasks from the domain of electricity and magnetism, one with and one without elaboration support. Results confirm that these students do distinguish problem types in accordance with their required solution approaches, and that their problem-sorting performance improves ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Lake Superior region (Wisconsin, the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, and Minnesota) contains 41 Precambrian crystalline rock complexes comprising 64 individual but related rock bodies with known surface exposures. Each complex has a map area greater than 78 km/sup 2/. About 54% of the rock complexes have areas of up to 500 km/sup 2/, 15% fall between 500 km/sup 2/ and 1000 km/sup 2/, 19% lie between 1000 km/sup 2/ and 2500 km/sup 2/, and 12% are over 2500 km/sup 2/. Crystalline rocks of the region vary widely in composition, but they are predominantly granitic. Repeated thermo-tectonic events have produced early Archean gneisses, migmatites, and amphibolites with highly tectonized fabrics that impart a heterogeneous and anisotropic character to the rocks. Late Archean rocks are usually but not invariably gneissose and migmatitic. Proterozoic rocks of the region include synorogenic (foliated) granitic rocks, anorogenic (non-foliated) granites, and the layered ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

(12/11)CASSCF and (12/11)CASPT2 ab initio electronic structure calculations with both the cc-pVDZ and cc-pVTZ basis sets find that there is a barrier to the very exothermic hydrogen shift that converts singlet methylnitrene, CH{sub 3}N, to methyleneimine, H{sub 2}C{double{underscore}bond}NH. These two energy minima are connected by a transition structure of C{sub s} symmetry, which is computed to lie 3.8 kcal/mol above the reactant at the (12/11)CASPT2/cc-pVTZ//(12/11)CASSCF/cc-pVTZ level of theory. The (12/11)CASSCF/cc-pVTZ value for the lowest frequency vibration in the transition structure is 854 cm{sup {minus}1}, and CASPT2 calculations concur that this a{double{underscore}prime} vibration does indeed have a positive force constant. Thus, there is no evidence that this geometry is actually a mountain top, rather than a transition structure, on the global potential energy surface or that a C{sub 1} pathway of lower energy connects the reactant to the product. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tectonically active basins may host a spectrum of sequence stratigraphic expressions previously considered to be spatially mutually exclusive. In low accommodation areas with high sediment supply, fourth order eustatic cyclicity results in high frequency sequence sets while within rapidly subsiding areas, time-equivalent Type-2 sequences are expressed by highly asymmetrical coarsening upward successions, resembling large parasequences. In the shallow marine Fulmar Formation, of the U.K. North Sea Central Graben a sequence boundary and overlying lowstand deposits, which illustrate the effects of laterally variable subsidence rate and intrabasinal topography on the expression of a eustatic sea-level fall, lie between the Glosense and Serratum (J54a and J54b) maximum flooding surfaces. The syn-rift physiography comprises major tilted fault blocks, with the Central Graben dipping parallel to the major faults, simulating a ramp setting. Where the throw of the faults ...

Science.gov (United States)

One of the biggest fears and challenges a parent of a child with special needs faces is navigating the post-22 landscape. When a child hits the age of 22, the Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE) is no longer required to provide daily services and support. Whatever the abilities, or disabilities, of a child, every parent has the same concerns about how their child will productively fill their days and live as independently as possible without the safety net of the DESE. One of the transition paths most frequented is entering the workforce. Public and private schools alike work to teach their students the basic skills they need to work. In fact, the national Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) states that students must have a transition plan in formulation by the age of 16. This article describes the vocational program developed by the League School of Greater Boston which specifically addresses the challenges students, their parents, and their ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The influence of carbon monoxide (CO) exposure on regional cerebral blood flow (r-CBF) in rat brain was studied using autoradiography and "1"2"5I-IMP. Fuji computed radiography (FCR) was used to obtain improved autoradiograms in this study. R-CBF was determined in a relative measure by calculating hippocampus/cortex and putamen/cortex ratios of RI accumulation from the autoradiogram using a densitometer. Comparison of autoradiograms with pathological findings in the area of the hippocampus and putamen yield the following results. In the animals that were exposed to 6400 ppm or 10000 ppm of CO for 30 minutes, and then were followed up for 2 weeks without further exposure, r-CBF was decreased but no pathological changes occurred. In the animals that were exposed to 6400 ppm or 10000 ppm of CO, and then were followed up for 4 weeks without further exposure, pathological changes appeared. In animals exposed to 3200 ppm of CO, the r-CBF tended to recover after 4 weeks. Furthermore, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: For planning the therapeutic strategies and estimating the prognosis in esophageal cancer, N-staging is very important. To date, MRI still is of minor importance as imaging modality of the mediastinum despite promising developments in the past, like ECG-gating or 'averaging' sequences, e.g. LOTA (Long-term averaging), which facilitate mediastinal and thoracic MR-imaging. In a prospective approach, the value of MRI based N-staging was examined with respect to LOTA-sequences. Material and Methods: Within from weeks prior to esophagectomy, standardized MRI of the esophagus was performed in 15 patients (10 squamous-cell-carcinomas and 5 adenocarcinomas) using a 1.5 T whole body scanner. Imaging quality was classified based on depiction of aortic wall or tracheal wall layers. Criteria for malignant infiltration were a diameter of more than 15 mm or a round appearance of a lymph node together with GD-DTPA enhancement. All data were blinded and separately read by ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text.Changes in land use and urbanization yield more pressure put on limited soil and water resources, including the risk of pollution with toxic heavy metals. The study area lies in the Bekaa valley totaling about 12753 ha. The valley receives from the west torrential fan deposits and a mixture of colluvial and alluvial material. The principal soil classes are Fluvisols, Cambisols, Regosols, Vertisols and Luvisols. The area is populated and also the most important agricultural part of the plain. Agriculture in the plain is being practiced mainly with cash, field crops and vegetables. The western surrounding area is being used mainly for terraced fruit trees. This Arab-German Technical Cooperation Project (ACSAD-BGR) aimed, following the ISO standards and Eikman-Klocke recommendations, at investigating the nature of the extends of soil pollution by heavy metals in two pilot areas: The central Bekaa-Lebanon and Ghouta-Damascus. Different institutions cooperate ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Terra Nova offshore oil project is described, with emphasis on the construction of the Terra Nova Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessel, the first such vessel constructed for the harsh environment of the North Atlantic off Newfoundland, the site of an oil field that is expected to produce 125,000 to 150,000 barrels of oil per day starting in 2001. The vessel has a double-hull, made of 3,000 tons of reinforced steel to protect it from ice in the form of massive icebergs or crusty 'packs'. The vessel has the world's largest quick release turret, meaning that the vessel can be quickly disconnected from its turret and mooring in the event of an encroaching iceberg, and then reconnected in an environmentally sound way. Apart from its extremely rugged construction, protecting the FPSO vessel against icebergs is accomplished by way of 'hosing down' (by melting by powerful streams of water) or 'lassoing' (by ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

CT is the most accurate method to detect pulmonary emphysema in vivo. They compared prospectively two different methods for emphysema quantitation in 5 normal volunteers and 20 consecutive patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). All subjects were submitted to function tests and HRCT; three scans were acquired at preselected levels during inspiration. The type and extent of pulmonary emphysema were defined by two independent observers under blind conditions. Disagreements were subsequently settled by consent. All subjects were also examined with expiratory spiral CT using a density mask program, at two different cut-off levels (-850,-900 HU). Visual score and expiratory spiral density mask values (-850 HU) were significantly correlated (r = 0.86), but the visual extent of emphysema was always higher than shown by expiratory spiral CT. The emphysema extent assessed with both CT methods correlated with the function result of expiratory airflow obstruction and gas ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this study, radon-222 in indoor air was surveyed in 62 rooms located in four governmental schools, for girls, in Tarqumia town that lies in the north western part of Hebron city in Palestine. The annual effective dose equivalents resulting from the inhalation of radon and its daughters by 2318 pupils and 102 staff members occupying the surveyed rooms were also measured. TASTRAK, a solid state nuclear track detector, has been used to measure the indoor radon concentrations at those schools thus, 124 radon detectors were distributed in the four school buildings. The radon detectors stayed for 70 days between February 2006 and April 2006. The results showed that the radon concentration and the annual effective dose equivalent in these schools were varied from 12 to 232.5 Bq/m"3 with an average of 34.1 Bq/m"3 and 0.62 to 12.0 mSv/y with an average of 1.76 mSv/y, respectively. The mean values of radon concentrations in Tarqumia secondary girls school, Al-aqsa ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The project aim is to model the hybrid plant at Vaesthamnsverket in Helsingborg using artificial neural networks (ANN) and integrating the ANN models, for online condition monitoring and thermoeconomic optimization, at Vaesthamnsverket. The definition of a hybrid plant is that it uses more than one fuel, in this case a natural gas fuelled gas turbine with heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and a biomass fuelled steam boiler with steam turbine. The project is a continuation of previous projects where ANN training was done with operational data from the plant. The ANN models have, if required, been updated to better suit the purpose of this project. The thermoeconomic optimization takes into account current electricity prices, taxes, fuel prices etc. and calculates the current production cost along with the 'predicted' production cost. The tool also has a built in feature of predicting when a compressor wash is economically beneficial. The user interface is developed ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Since its creation the nuclear industry has been struggling with the question of how safe is safe enough. Safety is a common goal to all involved in the design, operation and regulation of a nuclear installation. As a concept safety is not easy to define. However, there is a general understanding of what attributes a nuclear power plant should have in order to operate safely. The challenge lies in measuring the attributes. The new competitive open electricity market, in many countries throughout the world, is increasing the economic pressure on operators to lower operating costs without jeopardizing safety. Challenges are occurring at a rate that is unprecedented in the nuclear industry: competitiveness; downsizing; ageing; policy changes; reorganization; restructuring; mergers; globalization; and takeovers demand increasing attention to the management of safety. There are various means to measure safety performance, some of which are more qualitative in nature and ...

Science.gov (United States)

CuPt-type ordering in In{sub 0.49}Al{sub 0.51}P is studied by TEM. The lattice-matched film was grown by MOCVD on a GaAs substrate oriented 10{sup o} off (001) towards [110], at 650 C and 25 nm/min. TEM [110] and [1{bar 1}0] cross-sections (XS) were made by wedge polishing and 2 kV Ar ion milling. In CuPt-type ordering of In{sub 0.52}Ga{sub 0.48}P, alternating In-Ga-In-Ga {l_brace}111{r_brace} planes of group III atoms produce 1/2 {bar 1}11 and 1/2 1{bar 1}1 order spots in the 110 SADP, while the [1{bar 1}0] SADP shows no order spots [1-3]. A few studies have reported this type of order in In{sub 0.49}Al{sub 0.51}P [4]. The 004 BF image of the [1{bar 1}0] XS in Fig. 1 shows uneven light/dark contrast modulation due to phase separation often observed in In{sub 0.52}Ga{sub 0.48}P. There are also light/dark layers marked ML parallel to the film growth plane; such unintentional multilayers have also been observed [5] but their origin is not understood. Order lamellae {approx}1.5 nm thick ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: The US commercial nuclear industry has just completed an outstanding decade of plant performance. Safety levels and electric production are at unprecedented high levels and continue to exceed even high industry goals. Nuclear energy continues to keep the highest priority on performance improvement programs and highly trained/qualified people that maintain its record setting safety and reliability of operations. While the industry has maintained a consistently high level of performance, the advent of deregulation and the consolidation of NPP ownership, as well as the current climate of concern about both rising energy costs and availability of power, has raised the standard for nuclear energy's level of competitiveness in today's market place. The resulting challenge is how to more effectively manage risk and improve performance even further in a generally high performing organization. Newer technology and more training by themselves are not the answer. Rather, the answer ...

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