Science.gov (United States)

Fact sheet describes the goals, strategies, and top accomplishments of the Clean Cities program.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This Fact Sheet provides the mission of the Savannah River Site and information on 1994 pollution prevention and recycling accomplishments.

Science.gov (United States)

This fact sheet summarizes the potential impact of climate change as it relates to public health in California....

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This 2-page fact sheet gives statistics on routine waste generation and projected reduction by waste type, and 1994 pollution prevention and recycling accomplishments at ORNL.

Science.gov (United States)

and streambed sediment samples 2-6. Graphs showing: 2. Cesium-137 profile in HOE core 3. PAH trends in Lake Houston cores 4. DDE trends in Lake Houston cores 5. Trends in six trace...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Vegetable oils such as soybean oil will be converted to novel polymers using hydroformylation and other catalytic processes. These polymers can be used in the construction, automotive, packaging, and electronic sectors.

CERN Document Server

Specification of the steel sheet for the 300 GeV magnet system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Low operating power and short cycle life are 2 of the main draw-backs of zinc-air batteries, despite the fact that various attempts have been made to develop improved zinc (Zn) anodes. This study investigated the performance of a Zn anode with a substantial addition of aluminium (Al). Rolled sheets of Zn-Al alloys of varying amounts of Zn and Al were used to prepare the anodes. Results of the study showed that the cells had higher open circuit voltages (OCV) values as well as a higher specific anode capacity. It was observed that specific anode capacity increased with higher current loading. The Zn{sub 59}Al{sub 41} and Zn{sub 67}Al{sub 33} sheets showed the highest performance with high OCV values of between 1540 and 1560 mV, as well as the largest specific anode capacity of 750-800 mAh per g at a discharge current of 200 mA. The 2-phase structure of the Zn-Al sheets was considered to be useful in ...

CERN Document Server

Professional CSS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Canisters with spent nuclear fuel can obviously not be located within deformation zones as this might jeopardise their long term mechanical stability and thereby constitute a potential hazard to the biosphere. Less apparent, but equally important, is the fact that earthquakes trigger reactivation, slip, of structures some distance from their hypocentres due to, among many other factors, stress redistribution. Fault slip across a deposition hole might damage the isolation capacity of the canister and thereby jeopardise the overall integrity of the barrier system. Therefore, the following question might be posed: What is the distance from a deformation zone beyond which a canister can be safely emplaced? This respect distance cannot be readily computed because, unknown future events aside, there are some complicated aspects that need to be addressed e.g. degree of conservatism, scale, our ability to model ice sheets and earthquakes, etc. In this ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A mathematical model is described for determining the level profile along the length of heat exchange tubes in a horizontal steam generator, and for determining the conditions in the steam cushion under the perforated sheet. The water level area is divided in the model into 36 partial elements; for analysis of the conditions under the level, the steam-water space is divided into four areas. The results of the calculations were compared with measurement results for the steam generator rated values. Very good agreement was found. The results show that, among others, the supply water distribution very much affects the conditions in the area of the steam cushion and of the bubble vacuum. Also, the average steam load of the inner bundle tubes is significantly higher than that of the outer bundles. It was also shown that permanent steam generator operation with exposed top tube rows may occur even in some permissible operating conditions. This is mainly due to the ...

Wastenet

...and biological processes acting on recruitment and post-recruitment EU-Agrinet - Project sheet: Biological performance testing methodology to evaluate the durability of plywood as a quality indicator ... Project sheet: Biological performance testing methodology to evaluate the durability of plywood as a quali EU-Agrinet - Project sheet: Genetic evaluation of European ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADA539720. Title : A Hybrid Kinetic Model of Asymmetric Thin Current Sheets with Sheared Flows in a Collisionless Plasma. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Experimental data pertaining to nuclei with A=203 are compiled and evaluated.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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J-STORE (Japan)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This document presents a conceptual design for a contingency interim measure (IM) for treatment of the public water supply system at Barnes, Kansas, should this become necessary. The aquifer that serves the public water supply system at Barnes has been affected by trace to low concentrations of carbon tetrachloride and its degradation product, chloroform. Investigations conducted on behalf of the CCC/USDA by Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne 2008a) have demonstrated that groundwater at the Barnes site is contaminated with carbon tetrachloride at concentrations exceeding the Kansas Tier 2 risk-based screening level (RBSL) and the EPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 5.0 {micro}g/L for this compound. The Commodity Credit Corporation of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (CCC/USDA) formerly operated a grain storage facility in Barnes, approximately 800 ft east-southeast of the public water supply wells. Carbon tetrachloride was used in the treatment of grain. Another potential source ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The 1976 version of Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 99 (76Bu07) has been revised. Detailed level and decay schemes, arguments for J#pi# assignments, and experimental data are presented. copyright 1988 Academic Press, Inc.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Science.gov (United States)

... 15, 14, Robert Constable, Cornell University, NY, Building Interactive Digital Libraries of Formal Algorithmic Knowledge, Navy. ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The reconstruction of steel lining of the FFTF reactor building is described. The cold part of the lining has a simple structure and represents a steel sheet of 6.35 mm thickness welded to I-shaped imbedded in concrete, the hot part is meant for resisting the hot sodium contacting with it. The reconstruction has been reduced to the substitution of usual lining, the sheets of which are fixed in such a way that dangerous strains in metal arising at evaporation are excluded by the new structure admitting sheet deformation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Generation of anomalous resistivity and dynamical development of collisionless reconnection in the vicinity of a magnetically neutral sheet are investigated by means of a three-dimensional particle simulation. For no external driving source, two different types of plasma instabilities are excited in the current layer. The lower hybrid drift instability (LHDI) is observed to grow in the periphery of current layer in an early period, while a drift kink instability (DKI) is triggered at the neutral sheet in a late period as a result of the nonlinear deformation of the current sheet by the LHDI. A reconnection electric field grows at the neutral sheet in accordance with the excitation of the DKI. When an external driving field exists, the convective electric field penetrates into the current layer through the particle kinetic effect and collisionless reconnection is triggered by the convective electric ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Applications of magnesium alloys are motivated mainly by their lightweight. However, manufacturing cost should also be evaluated when considering applying them. From this point of consideration, adoption of sheet forming processes, which previously have not been heavily researched, should be an option. This paper is intended to pioneer the study of the formability of magnesium alloy AZ31 out of rolled sheets at elevated temperatures. The rolled microstructures are examined and correlated with their formability. Post-forming conditions will also be investigated. The tool employed to perform the sheet forming experiments was a punchless die-setting which used pressurized gas to press the sheet into a female die cavity. This technique applied to Mg-alloy is unconventional and warrants attention for its potential utilization in the industry. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A thermoluminescence (TL) sheet and its spatial readout system for in vivo measurement of spatial dose distribution around sources has been newly developed for intracavitary high dose-rate radiation therapy. The TL sheet (40 cm x 50 cm x 200 {mu}m), which is composed of teflon mixed with BaSO{sub 4} (Eu doped) powder, has a linear response with a very wide dynamic range from at least 0.002 cGy to 5000 cGy for {sup 60}Co sources. Phantom test of the TL sheet readout system demonstrated that absorbed dose with TL sheet and that with ionization chamber as standard dosimeter agreed well. For clinical application, TL sheet was attached on an applicator of intracavitary radiation therapy for rectal cancer. After irradiation with high dose-rate {sup 60}Co sources, the in vivo dose distribution on the surface of the rectum was determined. The TL sheet was suggested to ...

Science.gov (United States)

... With these facts of history as background and given the 82nd Airborne Division's previous combat experiences in Sicily and Salerno, what ...

Science.gov (United States)

... Tactical Electronic Warfare Division (Code 5700) Visualization Laboratory Transportable step frequency radar Vehicle development laboratory ...

CERN Document Server

We consider the (2, 0) supersymmetric theory of tensor multiplets and self-dual strings in six space-time dimensions. Space-time diffeomorphisms that leave the string world-sheet invariant appear as gauge transformations on the normal bundle of the world-sheet. The naive invariance of the model under such transformations is however explicitly broken by anomalies: The electromagnetic coupling of the string to the two-form gauge field of the tensor multiplet suffers from a classical anomaly, and there is also a one-loop quantum anomaly from the chiral fermions on the string world-sheet. Both of these contributions are proportional to the Euler class of the normal bundle of the string world-sheet, and consistency of the model requires that they cancel. This imposes strong constraints on possible models, which are found to obey an ADE-classification. We then consider the decoupled ...

CERN Document Server

A total of 50 000 tonnes of low-carbon steel sheet has been ordered for the LHC main magnets. After three years of production, about 10 000 tonnes of steel sheet have been produced by Cockerill-Sambre Groupe Usinor. This paper gives a summary of the manufacturing process and improvements implemented as well as an overview of the difficulties encountered during this production. Preliminary statistics obtained for the mechanical and magnetic steel properties are presented. (6 refs).

Science.gov (United States)

This instructional unit is one of 10 developed by students on various energy-related areas that deals specifically with fireplaces and fuels. Its objective is for the student to be able to discuss the structural design, operation, and efficiency of fireplaces and characteristics of different fireplace fuels. Some topics covered are fuels, elements of the fire triangle, factors relating to high efficiency of masonry fireplaces, uses of grates and chimney, heat recovery, and prefabricated and free standing fireplaces. Materials in each unit may include some or all of the following: terminal and specific objectives, list of references, information sheet with terms and definitions, informative materials, transparency masters, assignment sheet(s), and unit test with answers. (YLB)

Environmental Research Database

DescriptionRates of ice accumulation in Antarctica are not known well, yet they are fundamental to assessing the ice sheet mass balance. Past accumulation rates are less well defined. We are in a unique position to provide detailed accounts of accumulation in Antarctica. We will measure isochronous internal layering across the ice sheet, which can be readily identified in radar data that we hold. Internal layers will be traced to ice-cores (allowing dating) and across wide regions of the ice sheets. A nume [continued...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An experimental study on superplastic forming behaviors and microstructure characters of commercial magnesium alloy sheet AZ31B is presented in this paper. The main experimental results show that the commercial magnesium alloy AZ31B sheet has superplastic capability. For the received sheet without any pre-processing, the maximum elongation is 295%. The dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement can be found, In the case of temperature =# 350 deg. C. The superplastic behaviors can be improved by controlling the dynamic recrystallization and grain refinement. Some experimental results of free superplastic bulging are presented in this paper. The results show that influence of temperature on forming capability is much less than the influences of temperature on elongation. In addition, the maximum principle strain.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The available nuclear structure information for all nuclei with mass number A=242 is presented. Various decay and reaction data are evaluated. Adopted data, levels, spin and parity assignments are given.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Detailed level and decay schemes are presented for the nuclei of the A = 101 mass chain. The level properties obtained from decay and reaction experiments are shown in the drawings. Experimental methods, references, and comments are given in the text.

Science.gov (United States)

Development efforts have been undertaken to improve the processing and structural efficiencies of

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Commercial rolled magnesium sheets of alloys AZ31 (Mg-3 mass%Al-1 mass%Zn) and ZE10 (Mg-1 mass% Zn-<1 mass% Rare Earths) in O-temper condition were used for blanking experiments near room temperature. A serrated fracture surface can be observed in case of AZ31 but not in case of ZE10. During the shearing process of the AZ31 sheet, many micro cracks parallel to the sheet plane are generated in the shearing zone. These micro cracks lead to the formation of loose particles during the shearing operation, which interfere with further processing of the part and incur additional costs by increasing the scrap rate. It is found that the strong basal texture of this alloy is an important reason for the generation of such serrated cracks. In this paper a new method of selective texture modification i...

Science.gov (United States)

... SHEET. UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED, MATERIALS WILL BE MINIMUM SIZE lAW MIL-STD-2073-1. 18. TOLERANCES ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Evaluated nuclear structure and decay data for all nuclei within the A=177 mass chain are presented. Significant new information is included since the previous evaluation of this mass chain. The present work supersedes the earlier one by E. Browne (1993Br06), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 68, 747 (1993).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In order to investigate the extrusion characteristics of magnesium alloy (AZ31), a computer simulation was attempted. Tensile properties of as-cast billet with different strain rates were incorporated into the simulation. The results showed a great change in distribution of stress and strain at near die region by the ram travel. It was found that the average grain size at longitudinal edge of the extruded sheet was smaller than that at center region, which might be attributed to recrystallization caused by severe plastic deformation. (orig.)

Science.gov (United States)

to Cool Spots Hanford Fun Facts Classroom Projects Famous People of Hanford Counterintelligence Home Employee Responsibilities CI Information CI Resources Points of Contact...

Science.gov (United States)

to Cool Spots Hanford Fun Facts Classroom Projects Famous People of Hanford Counterintelligence Home Employee Responsibilities CI Information CI Resources Points of Contact...

Science.gov (United States)

... The fact, that such a spontaneous radiation have been observed, may be considered as the first step of development of the FIR laser based on ...

Science.gov (United States)

for massive star evolution, or they could all be very blue super- giant stars experiencing A , = 1-1.5 mag. The fact that the en- ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Tailor die quenching in the hot stamping of quenchable steel sheets was developed to produce ultra-high strength steel formed parts having strength distribution. Local portions of the heated sheet were quenched by holding grooved tools at the bottom dead centre during the stamping. Non-contact portions were generated in the sheet by grooving the tools, and thus the strength in the contact portions is high owing to the quenching and that in the non-contact portions is low owing to the lack of the quenching. Hat-shaped products having a tensile strength of approximately 1.5GPa only at four corners were formed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Hornification is the loss of fiber wall swelling which is detrimental to subsequent recycling resulting from drying. It is known that dried fibers lose their conformability and swelling capacity. The effect of recycling treatment on the swelling ability of hardwood bleached kraft pulp fibers was determined. Modelling paper recycling, sheets were recycled using heat treatment (23?C, 60?C, 100?C). The results were compared with those for natural fibers from bleached kraft pulp. Swelling kinetics of sheets was measured by a modified method monitoring interactions of pulp with water. Swelling ability decreased during the recycling in comparison with never-recycled pulp at all temperatures. Recycling of sheets caused only small changes in the cupri-ethylene-diamine viscosity, however, the water...

Science.gov (United States)

Forced convective heat transfer in a cross-corrugated channel solar air heater has been studied experimentally using air as a working fluid. The channel was formed by two transversely positioned corrugated sheets and two flat thermally insulated side walls. One corrugated sheet was heated by a radiant heater, while the other was thermally insulated. The fluid velocity and temperature, and the wall temperature and the local heat flux across the heated corrugated sheet were measured for a variety of operating flow rates. Experimental results for the channel geometry have yielded the correlation Nu = 0.0743 (Re)[sup 0.76]. This heat-transfer coefficient is about 2.8 times that of a smooth flat channel. The experiments showed that local heat transfer rate was smaller on the valley of the corrugation than that on the peak. The ratio of the local heat transfer rates on the two locations was related to the Reynolds number.

Wastenet

October 2010; in revised form: 12 November 2010 / Accepted: 30 November 2010 / Published: 1 December 2010 Abstract: For a comprehensive study ...1.Introduction ...In a previous work [1], it has been demonstrated that the prepreg composition, molding

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper, the state-of-the-art ultrasonic and magnetic measuring techniques developed at Kawasaki Steel and used in the production process of steel sheets are described. Representative examples shown here are as follows: (1) Magnetic flux leakage testing system for the detection of nonmetallic inclusions, (2) Nondestructive orientation measurement for secondary re-crystallized grains in grain-oriented electrical steel by ultrasonic interferometry, (3) Immersion testing method for the detection of nonmetallic inclusions, (4) Surface wave probe for the detection of surface flaws in rolls used in rolling mills. Developments of these techniques and their applications to actual steel sheets production processes have contributed to advance in technologies for quality assurance and control. With the help of these techniques, steel sheet products with advanced and uniform properties are being continuously produced to meet ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Excised sheets of canine myocardium were subjected to cyclic loading and unloading in the predominant fibre and cross-fibre directions to determine passive mechanical properties. Myocardium under biaxial...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Experimental results of nuclear reaction and radiative decay for A = 203 nuclides are evaluated. Adopted properties for all the nine isobars, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn, Fr of mass 203 are presented. Nothing is yet known for [sup 203]Os. 96 refs.

Science.gov (United States)

The 1985 evaluation of A = 1-1 (85B1114) has been revised. Experimental information is presented from the neutron-rich {sup 101}Sr to the neutron-deficient {sup 101}In.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear structure information available to May 1979 has been reviewed. The level properties obtained from decay and reaction experiments are shown in the drawings. Experimental methods, references, and comments are given in the text.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Detailed level and decay schemes and the experimental reaction and decay data on which they are based are presented for nuclei with mass number A = 242; the experimental data are evaluated. Adopted values for level and #gamma#-ray energies, #gamma#-intensities, as well as other nuclear properties are given.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The crystal structure of outer surface protein A (OspA) from Borrelia burgdorferi contains a single-layer #beta#-sheet connecting the N- and C-terminal globular domains. The central #beta#-sheet consists largely of polar amino acids and it is solvent-exposed on both faces, which so far appears to be unique among known protein structures. We have accomplished nearly complete backbone H, C and N and C";/H"#beta# assignments of OspA (28 kDa) using standard triple resonance techniques without perdeuteration. This was made possible by recording spectra at a high temperature (45 "oC ). The chemical shift index and "1"5N T_1/T_2 ratios show that both the secondary structure and the global conformation of OspA in solution are similar to the crystal structure, suggesting that the unique central #beta#-sheet is fairly rigid.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous membrane system comprising the nuclear envelope, ribosome-studded peripheral sheets and an interconnected network of smooth tubules extending throughout...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Evaluated spectroscopic data for all nuclei with mass number A = 177 and corresponding level schemes from radioactive decay and reaction studies are presented. Most of the new information since the previous evaluation of this mass chain consists of the decay of the recently discovered isotope [sup 177]Tm, and the level structure of [sup 177]Ir, [sup 177]Os, and [sup 177]Pt. The present evaluation supersedes the earlier one by Y. A. Ellis and B. Harmatz (75E107) published in Nuclear Data Sheets 16, 135 (1975).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper it is described how a martensitic steel sheet with tensile strength of 1400 MPa is heat treated locally. The sheet is then formed in the heat treated regions in a way that would be impossible with the untreated material. Mechanical properties and forming limit diagrams of the heat treated material are determined and the forming operations are simulated, which shows that the method can be used by designers. Although the method has been known for decades, it remains to be industrialised and the work presented here is to be seen as a contribution to this development. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The results of experiments with a short period (9.6 mm) wiggler sheet electron beam (1.0 mm x 2.0 cm) millimeter-wave free electron laser (FEL) amplifier are presented. This FEL amplifier utilized a strong wiggler field for sheet beam confinement in the narrow beam dimension and an offset-pole side-focusing technique for the wide dimension beam confinement. The beam analysis herein includes finite emittance and space-charge effects. High-current beam propagation was achieved as a result of extensive analytical studies and experimental optimization. A design optimization resulted in a low sensitivity to structure errors and beam velocity spread, as well as a low required beam energy. A maximum gain of 24 dB was achieved with a 1-kW injected signal power at 86 GHz, a 450-kV beam voltage, 17-A beam current, 3.8-kG wiggler magnetic field, and a 74-period wiggler length. The maximum gain with a one-watt injected millimeter-wave power was observed to ...

Science.gov (United States)

fuel are produced from a barrel of crude oil by U.S. refiners. Other products such as jet fuel and heating oil make up the remaining one third. Graphic of a barrel of oil...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The hippocampus is thought to coordinate memory consolidation by reactivating traces from behavioral experience when the brain is not actively processing new input. In fact, during slow-wave...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper describes the FACT system for knowledge discovery from text. It discovers associations - patterns of co-occurrence - amongst keywords labeling the items in a collection of textual documents. In addition, FACT is able to use background knowledge about the keywords labeling the documents in its discovery process. FACT takes a query-centered view of knowledge discovery, in which a discovery request is viewed as a query over the implicit set of possible results supported by a collection of documents, and where background knowledge is used to specify constraints on the desired results of this query process. Execution of a knowledge-discovery query is structured so that these back-ground-knowledge constraints can be exploited in the search for possible results. Finally, rather than requiring a user to specify an explicit query expression in the knowledge-discovery query language, FACT presents the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Many animals use the spectral distribution of light to guide behaviour, but whether they have colour vision has been debated for over a century. Our strong subjective experience of colour and the fact...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

With the advent of powerful, widely-available mathematical software, combined with ever-faster computer hardware, we are approaching a day when both the discovery and proof of mathematical facts can be done in a computer-assisted manner. his article presents several specific examples of this new paradigm in action.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

It was recently reported that the proportion of dark-coloured Soay sheep (Ovis aries) in the Hebrides has decreased, despite the fact that dark sheep tend to be larger than lighter...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The ink jet printing technology is a relatively novel technique in development of organic electronic devices. The technique consists of working out depositions of organic layers by a piezo-based ink jet printer. In this work polymer conducting films deposited by ink jet printing technique on different plastic substrates has been demonstrated. The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiofene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) [PEDOT/PSS] and glycerol-modified PEDOT/PSS [G-PEDOT/PSS] were used like conducting inks to be applied on polyester and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. By means of the change of substrate associated to the deposition number or type of polymer ink used for printing of the conducting films, the sheet resistance can be modified. Such a behavior suggests that plastic substrate fulfills an important role for the changing of sheet resistance of the PEDOT/PSS and G-PEDOT/PSS films made by ink jet printing technique. Films obtained from this ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This section contains the detailed measured impact results and market segment data for each DSM case examined for this building type. A complete index of all base and measure cases defined for this building type is shown first. This index represents an expansion of the base and measure matrix presented in Table 1 (residential) or Table 2 (commercial) for the applicable sector. Following this index, a summary report sheet is provided for each DSM measure case in the order shown in the index. The summary report sheet contains a host of information and selected graphs which define and depict the measure impacts and outline the market segment data assumptions utilized for each case in the DBEDT DSM Forecasting models. The variables and figures included in the summary report sheet are described. Numerous tables and figures are included.

Scientific Electronic Library Online (English)

Abstract in english The rate of copper II/zinc cementation from copper sulphate solutions in the absence and in the presence of methanol (CH3OH) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) has been studied and the reaction was found to follow first-order kinetics. The influence of several parameters on the course of the reaction, such as cylinder rotation speed, initial concentration of Cu2+ ions, temperature and concentration of organic solvent, was investigated. In the case of CH3OH, rotating zinc cyli (more) nder was used, while in the presence of DMSO stationary zinc sheet and rotating zinc cylinder were used. It was found that (1) the percentage inhibition caused by methanol ranged from 10.70 to 58.38 depending on the concentration of the alcohol used; (2) the rate of cementation in the presence of DMSO using rotating zinc cylinder > the rate of cementation in the presence of DMSO using stationary zinc sheet; (3) the rate of cementation on zinc ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

National Research Institute for Materials started in FY1966 a creep data sheet project aiming at obtaining the creep test data until 360Ms (about 11 years and half) in maximum, and has continuously been conducting the above on more than 40 kinds of heat resistant metallic materials for practical use for 30 years already as of January, 1996. The 360Ms creep rupture strength which has been aimed at by this project is the basic important strength property referred to at the time of determining design allowable stress of high temperature structural members. The Institute has published the accumulation of the test data of long range creeps lasting beyond 360Ms of the Institute as a creep data sheet, and in this article, the tremendous volume of this long range creep test data is analyzed and studied systematically, the new knowledge concerning the high temperature strength properties thereby obtained is named the base creep strength concept and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Magnesium alloys have been increasingly used in automotive and electronic industries because of their excellent strength to weight ratio and EMI shielding properties. However, magnesium alloys have low formability at room temperature due to their unique mechanical behavior (twinning and untwining), prompting for forming at an elevated temperature. In this study, a temperature dependent constitutive model for magnesium alloy (AZ31B) sheet is developed. A hardening law based on non linear kinematic hardening model is used to consider Bauschinger effect properly. Material parameters are determined from a series of uni-axial cyclic experiments (T-C-T or C-T-C) with the temperature ranging 150-250 deg. C. The influence of temperature on the constitutive equation is introduced by the material parameters assumed to be functions of temperature. Fitting process of the assumed model to measured data is presented and the results are compared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In parking areas of large extent, the removal of engine exhaust gases, especially of their CO gas components with ventilation plant is mainly done by transverse ventilation over short paths. By their presence, the ventilation ducts required for this purpose often reduce the value of the parking space by restrictions with a consequent reduction of their acceptance by the users. Longitudinal ventilation without ducts can be a remedy in such cases. Depending on the required room air quality in the zones of highest loading, the volume flows with longitudinal removal are no greater than with conventional transverse ventilation. This article is concerned with the different methods of operation of the two systems. (orig./BWI)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this research, the interactive effect of grain and specimen sizes on the flow stress of sheet metal in microforming is investigated via the tensile test of pure copper and numerical modeling. Models based on different assumptions are proposed to analyze the size effect phenomenon. It is found that the flow stress decreases linearly with the decrease of the ratio of specimen to grain sizes. The grain boundary thickness decreases and its volume fraction increases with the decrease of grain size. The variation of grain boundary thickness is not proportional to the variation of grain size. Furthermore, the fraction of grain boundary increases with the strain and the ratio of specimen to grain sizes. Based on the FE simulation, it is found that the simulated flow stress, which is modeled bas...

CERN Document Server

New non-stationary non-contracted form of the erosive radially-slotted discharge as a thin round sheet with the current of the azimuth direction have been discovered, its existence beings stipulated by a radial transport-wave fluxes. Characteristic features of this discharge is self-confinement of the discharge current magnitude, corresponding decrease of the current pulse duration and occurrence of an energy and substance ejection with rather unusual properties. Measurements of kinetics of the discharge current, the plasma radiation intensity and an electrical probe signal, as well as the transmission electron microscope investigations of characteristic aerodisperse aggregates arising the erosive phase, have been carried out. The probe signal duration was about 10 times greater than that of the current; its kinetics was complicated suggesting existence in the slot of two components with fundamentally different properties and states of the substance.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper deals with surface defects of automobile outer panels, which alter significantly the vehicle quality. Such defects occur during springback, after forming or flanging steps, and are characterized by concave depression of small amplitude over the convex shape of the part. The aim of this work is to reproduce at the laboratory scale a surface defect that occurs after flanging on a geometry similar to a door upper corner. A dedicated device has been designed in order to generate small size surface defects during flanging of metallic thin sheets. The outer surface of the sample was digitalized and the spatial geometry of the defect was evaluated from curvature change along 2D profiles. This study shows that the flanging height does not influence significantly the surface defect geome...

Science.gov (United States)

0.5% (one sigma) for scan angles less than 55.84 degrees off nadir ... Two polarization sheets and one blocking filter were used .... Polarization factors of different detectors in a given band cross and the cross point ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The YTH (YT521-B homology) domain was identified by sequence comparison and is found in 174 different proteins expressed in eukaryotes. It is characterized by 14 invariant residues within an α-helix/β-sheet...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Off-shell amplitudes for the open bosonic string and the closed spinning string are considered. Due to the presence of corners on the open string world sheet, strict Weyl invariance is broken. A consistent gauge-fixing procedure to treat this anomaly is described. Factorization of amplitudes with one or two off-shell strings and any number of on-shell tachyons is established. An attempt is made to construct a propagator for the spinning string. The inherent ambiguities in the choice of boundary conditions for the fermionic coordinates are outlined.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An experimental approach has been performed to ascertain the effectiveness of semi-solid strip casting using a horizontal twin roll caster. The demand for light-weight products with high strength has grown recently due to the rapid development of automobile and aircraft technology. One key to such development has been utilization of magnesium alloys, which can potentially reduce the total product weight. However, the problems of utilizing magnesium alloys are still mainly related to high manufacturing cost. One of the solutions to this problem is to develop magnesium casting-rolling technology in order to produce magnesium sheet products at competitive cost for commercial applications. In this experiment, magnesium alloy AZ31B was used to ascertain the effectiveness of semi-solid roll strip casting for producing magnesium alloy sheets. The temperature of the molten magnesium, and the roll speeds of the upper and lower rolls, (which could be ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Radon concentration measurements were made in the interior of the great pyramid of ''Cheops'' at Giza. Measurements were carried out using CR-39 as a solid state nuclear track detector. The CR-39 sheets were placed inside the Queen's and King's chambers and along the ascending corridor leading to them. An evaluation of the radon concentration is presented and discussed. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report documents the evaluation of risks associated with environmental restoration activities at Brookhaven National Laboratory using two tools supplied by DOE to provide a consistent set of risk estimates across the DOE complex: Risk Data Sheets (RDS) and Relative Risk Ranking. The tools are described, the process taken characterized, results provided and discussed. The two approaches are compared and recommendations provided for continuing improvement of the process.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Some of the origins of corrosion encountered in the secondary side of pressurized water reactor steam generators are:-sludge accumulation (a mixture of metal oxides, primarily magnetite and copper) on tube sheet and attack of tube support plates by aggressive impurities leading to denting. Although Electricite de France has not suffered from these problems, it has developed a chemical cleaning process to dissolve corrosion products at both locations. (author).

CERN Document Server

The first fully-documented study into the quantitative impact of errors in operational spreadsheets identified an interesting anomaly. One of the five participating organisations involved in the study contributed a set of five spreadsheets of such quality that they set the organisation apart in a statistical sense. This virtuoso performance gave rise to a simple sampling test - The Clean Sheet Test - which can be used to objectively evaluate if an organisation is in control of the spreadsheets it is using in important processes such as financial reporting.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This publication presents 5 years (1990--94) of summary financial data and current year detailed financial data on the major publicly owned electric utilities. Generator and nongenerator summaries are presented. Composite tables present: Aggregates of income statement and balance sheet data, financial indicators, electric operation and maintenance expenses, electric utility plant, number of consumers, sales of electricity, and operating revenue, and electric energy account data.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The design of a 345-kV prefabricated capacitive-graded joint for oil-filled cables and the manufacture and testing of prototype joints are described. Tests on prototype No. 4 demonstrated the adequacy of the printed circuit design. It was not possible to consistently obtain high-quality capacitive sheets and substantial effort is required to remedy this problem. Advantages of these prefabricated joints are summarized, and specific recommendations are made for further development of the concept.

Science.gov (United States)

Recent advances in cell culture technology permit the generation of large stratified epithelial sheets appropriate for wound coverage. Autografts (sheets prepared from the patient's own skin) have proven life-saving in the treatment of large third-degree burns and have been successfully employed in the management of chronic ulcers. Allografts (sheets prepared from the skin of an unrelated donor) have also been used. In our experience, cultured allografts derived from neonatal foreskin provide a potent stimulus to healing in a variety of partial thickness wounds. Their application is a simple outpatient procedure which involves no discomfort for the patient. In contrast to autografting, no biopsy is necessary and use of cultured allogenic cells permits immediate grafts availability and possibility of stockpiling and preserving grafts for future use. Preparation of epithelial sheets suitable for grafting ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

On the basis of symmetry way of texture description a calculation method of elastic moduli of two-phase titanium alloys with rolling texture has been suggested. Efficiency of the calculation formulas is checked by comparing the calculation results of Young modulus anisotropy in the sheet plane of (#alpha#+#beta#)-titanium alloy VT23 with the experimental data.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The genetically significant dose (GSD) is an index variable which exclusively allows to describe the genetic risk in the progeny of a population due to the application of ionizing radiation and radioactive substances in one part of this population. It may result in wrong interpretation of population exposure at increasing incidence of examinations in a population involving ionizing radiation and radioactive drugs at simultaneously increasing application of alternative methods in children and adolescents owing to the fact that it indicates a downward trend although somatic exposure of this population has increased. Therefore, it is recommended to state both the GSD and the level of somatic radiation exposure of the population taken from the individual sources for the comparison and assessment of radiation exposure from various sources in future. Although the somatically significant dose constitutes the suitable variable complementary to GSD in thus context, it is ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paper stresses the difficulties to establish nutritional standard due to the fact that non-existent previous parameters because it is an new type of accident, becoming necessary an elaboration and use of nutritional plans coherent with probable demands, needs and complications of the patients. It is shown how that was accomplished without any prejudice to the other inpatients. The role of the nutritionists in all evolutional phase of the contaminated persons is described ed, introducing many types of diets used in accordance with individual and general demands. One case in which parenteral nutrition was utilized is analysed. The patients discharge from hospital conditions is explained and was a fact that all patients gained weight, concluding the writer says that was not possible to perform a deeper evaluation because of the great risk of contamination always present. (author).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A new microbial transglutaminase (MTGase or MTG, EC 2.3.2.13) from a Streptomyces sp. strain isolated from Brazilian soil samples was characterized in crude and purified forms. The aim of this work is to provide relevant information about a new transglutaminase and to compare its characteristics with the well-known commercial transglutaminase from Ajinomoto Co. Inc. (Activa? TG-BP). The enzyme from Streptomyces sp., in both crude and pure forms, exhibited optimal activity in the 6.0?6.5 pH range and at 35?40?C. The results for the commercial enzyme were the same. A second maximum of activity was observed at pH?10.0 with both the crude Streptomyces sp. enzyme and the commercial enzyme. This interesting fact has not been reported in the literature previously. The fact that this second maximu...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In spite of the fact that market requirements for new plants continue to be restricted, steam turbine technology and operation engineers have left nothing undone to improve products and operating characteristics. They are generally guided by the principle of optimum economic power supplies but lowest pollution. The new eastern markets are expected to give new impulses to steam turbine design. Cogeneration is of special future importance. (orig.).

CERN Document Server

The discovery of a new particle in the Higgs searches being prepared for LHC will not guarantee that the Standard Model Higgs boson has been seen. This paper discusses the possibilities for measuring the spin, parity and couplings of the particle, under the assumption that it does in fact behave like the Standard Model Higgs. The key question, which cannot alas be answered, is: if it looks like a dog, and barks like a dog, how much of the DNA must we analyse to be sure that it is a dog?

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In the quantum regime information can be copied with only a finite fidelity. This fidelity gradually increases to 1 as the system becomes classical. In this Letter we show how this fact can be used to directly measure the amount of radiated power. We demonstrate how these principles can be used to build a practical primary standard.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Cellulose raw materials costs must be considered in order to obtain a minimized hexose cost. In recognition of this fact, it may be economically advantageous to operate at less than maximum hexose concentration in the reactor and to recycle unreacted cellulose. The objective of this article is to optimize a cellulose-recycle reactor system for producing hexose at minimum cost. A sensitivity analysis of the important variables in the mathematical model of this system is also discussed.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Transient enhanced diffusion in boron-implanted silicon is interpreted as being due to the fact that during rapid thermal annealing a relaxation process takes place, associated with quasi-chemical reactions including defects. A simple analytical model makes it possible to describe the annealing mechanism on a microscopic scale in terms of reaction-diffusion processes. The measured dependences of the boron diffusion coefficient of the enhanced diffusion on time, temperature and implantation energy are satisfactorily explained. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A range of lessons have been identified from previous attempts to implement long term radioactive waste management policy in the UK and internationally. Many of these relate to the way the decision-making process is undertaken and the fact that there needs to be an open, transparent process that enables continuous stakeholder involvement. Nirex believes that using the SEA and EIA frameworks will help to incorporate the lessons learned into the future decision-making process relating to long-term radioactive waste management.

Science.gov (United States)

The synthesis of experimental data concerning the effect of jet stagnation conditions on the drag of various afterbodies is presented. Jet pressure ratio effect on boattail pressure and on boundary layer separation is analyzed. This study is made for several values of the boundary layer thickness, taking into account the fact that some test rigs make its control possible by means of tangential blowing.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Standard SCR catalysts possess high activity for the hydrolysis of HNCO and thus explain the suitability of urea as a selective reducing agent for NO{sub x}. At high space velocities HNCO-slip can get perceptible over the entire temperature range. This can be attributed to the fact that the temperature dependence is strong for the SCR reaction, but weak for the hydrolysis reaction. (author) 3 figs., 5 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The K"+- and K"-meson cumulative production cross sections are measured at 119"0 in the laboratory system on nuclei Be, Al, Cu and Ta bombarded by 10 GeV protons. Spectra of the K"-mesons consisting of only sea quarks show universal features characteristic of the spectra of cumulative particles, which contain valence quarks. Evidence is obtained for the fact that the energy density in a flucton can exceed the mean nuclear density by an order of magnitude.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The study concludes that while the diversification into nonutility activities by the Rural Electric Cooperatives and the Rural Telephone Cooperatives has been expanding, the regulatory activities by the Rural Electrification Administration and the state public utility commissions have been inadequate to guard against cross-subsidization. In fact, there generally exist no data to identify and investigate illegal cross-subsidization activities of cooperatives. Increasing the regulatory functions of state public utility commissions and the REA was recommended.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The author notes that if hadrons are gravitationally stabilized ``black holes``, as discrete physics suggests, it is possible that partons, and in particular quarks, could be modeled as tachyons, i.e. particles having v{sup 2} > c{sup 2}, without conflict with the observational fact that neither quarks nor tachyons have appeared as ``free particles``. Some consequences of this model are explored.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of the invention is to simplify assembly and to reduce labor intensity. This is achieved by the fact that the assembly shaft is positioned in a hawser, while its wall which is turned towards the body of the installation is combined with the hawser wall, where a U shaped opening is made in the wall of the assembly shaft, along the edges of which there is a hermetically sealing device, while the bottom of the body of the offshore drilling rig is equipped with a rigid insert attached with the capability of adjoining it with the hermetically sealing device.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The LiMnO{sub 2} lamellar oxide, obtained by exchange reaction from its sodium homologue {alpha}-NaMnO{sub 2}, has been used as a positive electrode for lithium batteries. After the first electrochemical cycle, the shape of the potential-composition curve changes and indicates a change in the structure. This modification changes imperceptibly at each cycle and after about 40 cycles, a stationary state is reached. Powder spectra refinement using the Rietvelt method shows a migration of manganese ions from the thin sheets towards the inter-sheet space. After a single cycle, 8% of the manganese ions are already present in the lithium site and this rate reaches 13% after 3 cycles. During long cycling, a redistribution of ions and vacancies inside the cfc oxygenated pile leads to a structure very similar to the LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} spinel. This structure evolution is to be compared with the one obtained from the orthorhombic variety of LiMnO{sub 2} ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nuclear structure data pertaining to all known A = 166 nuclides (Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt) have been compiled and evaluated, and incorporated into the ENSDF data file. This evaluation for A = 166 supersedes the previous publication (E.N. Shurshikov and N.V. Timofeeva, Nuclear Data Sheets 67, 45 (1992) (literature cutoff date 1 October 1990)) and the revision by C.M. Baglin of {sup 166}W (literature cutoff data 16 April 2000). It includes literature available by 1 March 2008. Subsequent to the previous evaluation, {sup 166}Gd has been observed for the first time and the first observations of excited states in {sup 166}Tb, {sup 166}Re, {sup 166}Os and {sup 166}Ir have been reported: also, knowledge of collective structure in {sup 166}Dy. {sup 166}Ho, {sup 1676}Er, {sup 166}Tm, {sup 166}Yb, {sup 166}Lu, {sup 166}Hf, and {sup 166}Ta has been considerably expanded. However, the structure suggested here for {sup 166}Re is highly tentative ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In car parks of considerable length, the removal of exhaust emissions, is carried out by air-conditioning systems mainly through transverse ventilation over short routes. The required air-conditioning ducts frequently produce a reduction in the available parking space simply due to their presence, resulting in restrictive effects on the level of acceptance by the users. In such cases, remedial action can be taken by creating ductless longitudinal ventilation. Depending on the required room air quality in the zones with the highest level of pollution, the volumetric flows for longitudinal disposal are no greater than those for conventional transverse ventilation. In conjunction with architecturally clear and positive lighting designs, clearly laid out car parks with a friendly atmosphere can be created which the user will be pleased to accept. (orig./BWI)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A unique method, previously proposed by the author, was applied to the heat transfer augmentation in the flow boiling field. In this method a screen sheet was put on the horizontal heated surface where bubble nucleation occurred. Generated vapor bubbles were trapped between the screen and the wall, became flat and moved along the surface. This restricted bubble behavior caused the heat transfer enhancement. Three types of the screen were tested in the present experiment and the effect of the screen was investigated on the heat transfer and two-phase flow characteristics. In two cases of them, the screen was displaced upward by the bubble nucleation. Compared with the ordinary flow boiling case, heat transfer was enhanced by a factor of 1.2 to 6 within the present experimental range. By using a simple flow model, it was made clear that the effect of the height of the displaced screen was important to evaluate the increase in pressure drop. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The changes in the electrical and structural properties of metal-silicide films caused by ion implantation and subsequent thermal annealing have been investigated. Epitaxial silicide films such as those of CoSi/sub 2/, NiSi/sub 2/ and Pd/sub 2/Si grown on Si(111) substrates were implanted with Ar ions and annealed in a vacuum furnace at temperatures ranging from 200 to 800/sup 0/C. Rutherford backscattering and channeling techniques and the four-point probe method were used to measure the crystalline quality and the sheet resistance of the films, respectively. It was found that the sheet resistances of CoSi/sub 2/, NiSi/sub 2/ and Pd/sub 2/Si films were increased by factors of 70, 6, and 3, respectively, by implantation to a dose of 1 x 10/sup 16/ Ar-ions/cm/sup 2/, but that they were almost restored by subsequent annealing to the values before implantation. A phase transformation from Pd/sub 2/Si to PdSi was also observed in the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The effect of warm rolling under various conditions on the microstructure and mechanical property was investigated using an AZ31 Mg alloy sheet. Several processing parameters such as initial thickness, thickness reduction by a single pass rolling, rolling temperature, roll speed, and roll temperature were varied to elicit an optimum condition for the warm rolling process of AZ31 Mg alloy. Microstructure and mechanical properties were measured for specimens subjected to rolling experiments of various conditions. Warm rolling of 30% thickness reduction per pass was possible without any side-crack at temperatures as low as 200 C under the roll speed of 30 m/min. The initial microstructure before rolling was the mixed one consisting of partially recrystallized and cast structures. Grain refinement was found to occur actively during the warm rolling, producing a very fine grain size of 7 {mu}m after 50% reduction in single pass rolling at 200 C. Yield strength of 204 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

AZ31 and experimental ZMA611 alloys were strip cast into 2 mm thick strips. The as-cast AZ31 alloy strip consists of columnar dendrites. On the other hand, as-cast ZMA611 alloy strip shows equiaxed dendritic structure through the thickness of strip. These alloys were subjected to various thermomechanical treatments and their tensile properties were evaluated. Strip cast AZ31 alloy in H24 condition has equivalent yield and tensile strengths with similar ductility compared to commercial ingot cast AZ31-H24 alloy, indicating that strip casting is a viable process for the fabrication of Mg alloy strips. The ZMA611 alloy has a large volume fraction of fine dispersoid particles in the microstructure, resulting from the beneficial effect of strip casting on microstructural refinement. It has been shown that the ZMA611 alloy has superior tensile properties compared to commercial ingot cast AZ31-H24 alloy, suggesting the possibility of the development of new wrought Mg alloy ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

From a macroscopic point of view, corrosion of Zn alloy coated steel sheet occurs by the coating preceding corrosion mechanism; microscopically, however, the coated layer corrosion velocity in the tip of corrosion is different. In order to find the main factors of under-film corrosion of Zn and Zn-Fe alloy coatings in the salt water spray atmospheric exposure test, the correlation between point inflation-exfoliation width and chlorine penetration behavior, point adhesion, and the difference in chlorine penetration behavior due to alloy coating components were investigated. Consequently, the following results were obtained: 1. The better correlation was observed between chlorine penetration distance and point inflation-point exfoliation width. 2. The durability of coating against chlorine penetration improved by increase in point adhesion and Zn content in the coating layer. 3. Zn-Fe (10-20%) alloy coating showed better durability against chlorine penetration than ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The possibility of improving the cold formability of wrought magnesium alloys is considered in light of their good hot forming characteristics. Magnesium alloy AZ31B sheet is selected as a model system. Parameters affecting formability, such as strain hardening rate, strain rate sensitivity, and the degree of anisotropy are examined systematically by conducting tensile tests over a range of temperatures (room temperature to 250 C) and strain rates (1 x 10{sup -5} to 0.1 s{sup -1}). The plastic anisotropy and deformation texture evolution are examined in samples aligned with the sheet rolling and transverse directions. Polycrystal plasticity simulations using a viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) formulation are used to model the observed anisotropy and texture evolution. The adjustable parameters in the model are the relative critical resolved shear stresses of the dislocation mechanisms known to operate within magnesium. The experimental ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

YBa_2Cu_3O_7_-_x thick films have been deposited on silver sheets and MgO single crystals by spray pyrolysis. Film texture is related to film thickness and sintering temperature. The X-ray intensity ratio of the 005 peak to the 110 peak is higher for thin films deposited at the higher temperatures. However, elevated temperatures promote copper diffusion and second-phase formation in films deposited on silver. Films deposited on MgO can have larger grain sizes and are more oriented than those deposited on silver.

CERN Document Server

In symmetrical nuclear matter the solutions of pion dispersion equation are investigated in the complex plane of the pion frequency $\\omega$. There are three well-known branches of solutions on the physical sheet : sound, pion and isobar, at the matter density less than the critical one $\\rho <\\rho_c$. At the condition $\\omega^2_c\\leq0$ (in general case Re$ \\omega^2_c\\leq0$) takes place. This points out the instability of the ground state which is possibly related to the pion condensation.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

SP-700, an emerging #beta#-rich #alpha#+#beta# titanium alloy, is designed to improve superplastic formability as well as mechanical properties over Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Owing to its fine microstructure and low #beta#-transus temperature, it is superplastic-formable at temperature below 1,073K (800 C) with low flow stress. Remarkable workability of this alloy is also retained in conventional Manufacturing processes. Another advantage of SP-700 is heat treatment response which includes deep hardenability and quick aging kinetics. Corrosion resistance and machinability are equivalent to or better than Ti-6Al-4V alloy.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A database has been developed to contain the disposal limits for the E-Area Low Level Waste Facility (ELLWF). This database originates in the form of an EXCEL{copyright} workbook. The pertinent sheets are translated to PDF format using Adobe ACROBAT{copyright}. The PDF version of the database is accessible from the Solid Waste Division web page on SHRINE. In addition to containing the various disposal unit limits, the database also contains hyperlinks to the original references for all limits. It is anticipated that database will be revised each time there is an addition, deletion or revision of any of the ELLWF radionuclide disposal limits.

Science.gov (United States)

Molten zone recrystallized as well as sheet grown polycrystalline silicon has shown a minimum in the temperature dependence of the Hall mobility. In order to explain this experimental finding a new model is proposed, which is based on negatively charged grain boundaries for the p-type silicon material under study. This results in a potential well at the grain boundaries instead of the more generally observed potential barrier. A key feature in the model is that the space charge density at the grain boundary depends on the Fermi level position and therefore on temperature. In addition, the change in the measured Hall mobility before and after hydrogen passivation of the grain boundaries is discussed.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The present volume provides standardized energy balance sheets expressed in a common unit of tons of oil equivalent for all OECD Countries. It covers the years 1970 to 1982 year by year and includes many revisions and additions to data previously published. The balances in the present volume are based on data published in OECD Energy Statistics 1971-1981 and OECD Energy Statistics 1981-1982. Tables for each OECD Country include production, import, export, consumption by the different industries, transportation, agriculture, residential sector of the different energies: solid fuels, petroleum, gas, nuclear power and hydroelectricity.

Science.gov (United States)

This construction curriculum guide on masonry for secondary students is one of six developed for inservice teachers at Marianas High School in Saipan. The guide provides the rationale, description, goals, and objectives of the program; the program of studies and performance objectives by levels; samples of lesson plans for effective delivery of instruction; and a listing of references. Concepts covered include orientation to masonry construction, safety, tools and equipment, cement, concrete, concrete block masonry, concrete forms, and concrete reinforcement. Appended materials include transparency copies, tests and answer keys, information sheets, and student activities. (CT)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A two-cycle process using O{Phi}CMPO and HDEHP as extractants to achieve an alpha decontamination factor of HLLW greater than 10{sup 3} together with a reduction of the lanthanides/americium weight ratio by a factor of about 200 is considered. Experimentally measured distribution ratios have been employed as input data of a suitable computer code to define operating conditions and M/S stage numbers of a process flow-sheet able to meet the above-mentioned objectives.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

By magnetron sputtering model steel films with specific properties can be prepared for purposive surveys. By changing the deposition parameters certain properties of these films can be influenced. For this thesis steel films with 18% Cr and 8% Ni have been prepared in order to study specific parameters on the corrosion resistance of bulk stainless steel. Chemical composition, microstructure, and surface morphology of these films have been characterized. In comparison to bulk steel sheets with the same chemical composition they have a smaller grain size and a ferritic structure. In contrast to bulk steel sheets they don`t contain any nonmetallic inclusions like Mn-sulfides. The influence of these structural differences on the corrosion resistance has been studied. For this purpose the electrochemical properties of the sputter-deposited steels have been compared with the properties of steel sheets with a similar chemical ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Epitaxial cobalt disilicide (CoSi{sub 2}) layers are grown on n-Si{sub 0.83}Ge{sub 0.17}/n-Si(001) using a sacrificial Si capping layer at the growth temperature T{sub s}=650 deg. C by reactive chemical vapor deposition using cyclopentadienyl dicarbonyl cobalt (Co({eta}{sup 5}-C{sub 5}H{sub 5})(CO){sub 2}). Structural and electrical properties of epi-CoSi{sub 2}/Si{sub 0.83}Ge{sub 0.17}/Si(001) were measured by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy and sheet resistance measurement as a function of annealing temperature. The combined results showed that the epitaxial CoSi{sub 2} phase by the reaction of Co with the Si capping layer was formed in the as-grown layers. Rapid thermal anneals for the investigation of thermal stability of the as-grown layers showed good thermal stability of the epitaxial CoSi{sub 2} layers with the low sheet resistance value as low as congruent with 4.4 {omega}/cm up to the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The processing characteristics, tensile properties, and oxidation response of two Nb-Ti-Al-Cr alloys were investigated. One creep test at 650 C and 172 MPa was conducted on the base alloy, which contained 40Nb-40Ti-10Al-10Cr. A second alloy was modified with 0.11 at.% C and 0.07 at.% Y. Alloys were arc melted in a chamber backfilled with argon, drop cast into a water-cooled copper mold, and cold rolled to obtain a 0.8-mm sheet. The sheet was annealed at 1,100 C for 0.5 h. Longitudinal tensile specimens and oxidation specimens were obtained for both the base alloy and the modified alloy. Tensile properties were obtained for the base alloy at room temperature, 400, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1,000 C and for the modified alloy at room temperature, 400, 600, 700, and 800 C. Oxidation tests the base alloy and modified alloy, as measured by weight change, were carried out at 600, 700, 800, and 900 C. Both the base alloy and the modified alloy were ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A flexible battery is printed on paper by screen-printing a zinc/carbon/polymer composite anode on one side of the sheet, polymerising a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) cathode on the other side of the sheet, and applying a lithium chloride electrolyte between the two electrodes. The PEDOT cathode is prepared by inkjet printing a pattern of iron(III)p-toluenesulfonate as a solution in butan-1-ol onto paper, followed by vapour phase polymerisation of the monomer. The electrolyte is prepared as a solution of lithium chloride and lithium hydroxide and also applied by inkjet printing on to paper, where it is absorbed into the sheet cross-section. Measurements on a zinc/carbon-PEDOT/air battery in a similar configuration on a polyethylene naphthalate substrate shows a discharge capacity of up to 1.4 mAh cm{sup -2} for an initial load of 2.5 mg zinc, equivalent to almost 70% of the zinc content of the anode, which ...

Environmental Research Database

ObjectivesThe overall objective is to establish rigorous and verified means of deploying FACTS devices as damping controllers so that stability limits of a congested grid can be expanded, with confidence, toward to the thermal limits. A key to this is to ensure that damping of oscillatory modes of the system are robust to the acknowledged variations of the system.~%~~%~The goals are:~%~~%~a) to apply model order reduction techniques to realistic grid systems and verify modes are adequately expressed,~%~~% [continued...]DescriptionTraditionally, the phenomena of inter-area oscillation between generation groups, e.g. England and Scotland, has been avoided through operating point constraints on tie-lines and acceptance of operation at less than thermal capacity. The need to support long distance trading makes such constraints unacceptable. Stability problems can be solved dynamically, rather than avoided through ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mixtures of organic-inorganic substances are studied for their performance as energy storage media. Use is made of the fact that organic substances give higher amounts of energy but within a wide range of temperature on the one side and the fact that inorganic substances give lower amounts of energy at constant temperature on the other side. Mixtures of both types of substances, in different ratios, are investigated for the object of determining that optimum composition which stores a higher amount of energy and, meanwhile, releases it at a constant temperature or within a narrow range of temperature. The mixtures used are composed of Glauber`s salt (Na{sub 2}SO{sub 4}.10H{sub 2}O) and stearic acid in different proportions. The effect of cooling fluid flow rate and ambient temperature as well as the effect of addition of a nucleating agent is studied. The results showed that the highest amount of energy stored could be obtained from a mixture ...

CERN Document Server

Using an interactive theorem prover to reason about programs involves a sequence of interactions where the user challenges the theorem prover with conjectures. Invariably, many of the conjectures posed are in fact false, and users often spend considerable effort examining the theorem prover's output before realizing this. We present a synergistic integration of testing with theorem proving, implemented in the ACL2 Sedan (ACL2s), for automatically generating concrete counterexamples. Our method uses the full power of the theorem prover and associated libraries to simplify conjectures; this simplification can transform conjectures for which finding counterexamples is hard into conjectures where finding counterexamples is trivial. In fact, our approach even leads to better theorem proving, e.g., if testing shows that a generalization step leads to a false conjecture, we force the theorem prover to backtrack, allowing it to pursue more fruitful ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Careful sample preparation and secondary ion mass spectroscopy have been used to characterize arsenic dose loss to the silicon-oxide interface. Using high resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for microprofiling, we have directly observed the pileup of arsenic at the silicon dioxide-silicon interface. At least half of the pileup is shown to be on the silicon side of the interface in the first monolayer of silicon. Monolayer chemical oxidation and etching are successfully used to profile this pileup in silicon. This pileup contains most of the arsenic dose loss that occurs during transient enhanced diffusion. This result is crucial to correctly model the dose loss and provides physical justification for using a trap/detrap model at the interface, which is necessary to account for the fact that the arsenic surface concentration remains constant during an anneal and the fact that the dose loss is partially reversible. Finally, we have found ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The instability of the phonon spectrum in liquid Helium for T < 1 K is a well established experimental fact. We discuss the role of q-deformation as a possible mechanism to supply the energy deficit that forbidden one-phonon decay into two phonons when the constant {gamma} in the phonon anomalous dispersion relation ({omega}{sup ph} = c{sub 0} p(1 - {gamma}p{sup 2})) is positive, through the analysis of three-phonon processes in a q-phonons gas. (author). 19 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The general usefulness of neutron activation analysis (NAA) for samples containing the platinum group elements and Au, either as major or trace constituents, is discussed. Charged particle activation is shown to be a viable or complementary alternative. Proton (6-10 MeV) and alpha particle (9-15 MeV) beams, produced in a Tandem van de Graaff accelerator, have been established to be the most effective choice. By taking advantage of the Coulomb barrier effect and the fact that many charged particle induced reactions have relatively large threshold values, the same instrumental technique can be applied, with minor modifications, to a wide range of materials.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Two avowable quantum communication schemes are proposed. One is an avowable teleportation protocol based on the quantum cryptography. In this protocol one teleports a set of one-particle states based on the availability of an honest arbitrator, the keys and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs shared by the communication parties and the arbitrator. The key point is that the fact of the teleportation can neither be disavowed by the sender nor be denied by the receiver. Another is an avowable quantum secure direct communication scheme. A one-way Hash function chosen by the communication parties helps the receiver to validate the truth of the information and to avoid disavowing for the sender.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A nonlinear relationship between the time of accelerated aging of Lupine seeds and the indices of its survival as well as the single-strand DNA amount in cells from these seeds is established. The character of this relationship is essentially altered in chronically irradiated lupine seeds from the Chernobyl NPP exclusion zone and seems more complicated. The possible role of repair systems in these effects is discussed. The fact that chronic irradiation in low doses can modify the course of senescence in lupine seeds reflects its high biological efficiency comparing with acute irradiation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In reservoir fluid flow, the situation described by an increase in nonwetting phase saturation followed by an increase in wetting phase saturation causes a relative permeability hysteresis effect that is well known. This paper presents a method which allows the calculation of imbibition relative permeability starting at any saturation. The data required are the drainage curve, the historical maximum non wetting saturation, and a minimum of one additional point on some corresponding experimental imbibition curve. In this development, all imbibition curves are shown to be parallel. Also significant is the fact that the residual nonwetting phase saturation can be calculated without a complete experimental specification of the imbibition curve. 5 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Subcritical source-driven noise measurements are simultaneous Rossia and randomly pulsed neutron measurements that provide measured quantities that can be related to the subcritical neutron multiplication factor. In fact, subcritical source-driven noise measurements should be performed in lieu of Rossia measurements because of the additional information that is obtained from noise measurements such as the spectral ratio and the coherence functions. The basic understanding of source-driven noise analysis measurements can be developed from a point reactor kinetics model to demonstrate how the measured quantities relate to the subcritical neutron multiplication factor.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is pointed out that a recently claimed result regarding the removal of sharp structure in the electronic density of states N(E) of A-15 superconducting compounds at T approximately equal to Tsub(c) was in fact, shown earlier by one of the present authors (M.N.M.). Merely the variation of N(E) with energy in the vicinity of the Fermi level in these materials cannot explain their anomalous normal state properties and high values of lambda and Tsub(c). Rather a non-varying N(E) accompanied by phonon softening is in better agreement with experiment.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Methylmethacrylate polymerisation in the presence of 4 wt% butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber was carried out at fixed dose-rate and temperature. The effect of irradiation was investigated with respect to the mechanical and dynamic-mechanical properties in the solid state. A general increase of the 'compatibilisation' on irradiation is obtained. In fact both rubber and polymethylmethacrylate glass transition temperatures, determined through dynamic-mechanical analysis, reveal the presence of strong interactions between the components. Furthermore an improvement of the mechanical tensile properties of the blends is observed when irradiation is continued after polymerisation, at least until a certain absorbed dose.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this paper, the authors use free field techniques in D = 2 string theory t calculate the perturbation of the special state algebras when the cosmological constant is turned on. In particular, the authors find that the 'ground cone' preserved by the ring structure is promoted to a three-dimensional hyperboloid as conjectured by Witten. On the other hand, the perturbed (1,1) current algebra of moduli deformations is computed completely, and no simple geometrical interpretation is found. The authors also quote some facts concerning the Liouville matrix a model dictionary in this class of theories.

CERN Document Server

In source coding, either with or without side information at the decoder, the ultimate performance can be achieved by means of random binning. Structured binning into cosets of performing channel codes has been successfully employed in practical applications. In this letter it is formally shown that various convolutional- and turbo-syndrome decoding algorithms proposed in literature lead in fact to the same estimate. An equivalent implementation is also delineated by directly tackling syndrome decoding as a maximum a posteriori probability problem and solving it by means of iterative message-passing. This solution takes advantage of the exact same structures and algorithms used by the conventional channel decoder for the code according to which the syndrome is formed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Predicted by stochastic models and observed experimentally in a number of isomerization reactions, viscosity-induced solvent effects manifest themselves in a significant departure of the reaction rates from the values expected on the basis of transition state theory. These effects are well understood within the framework of stochastic models; however, the predictive power of such models is limited by the fact that their parameters are not readily available. Experiment and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can provide such information and can serve as the testing grounds for various stochastic models. In real solvents, a change in viscosity is inevitably associated with variation of at least one of the three factors - temperature, pressure, or solvent identity, resulting in different solv...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Object: To limit the discharge amount of reactor water in a primary system at the time of scram to prevent excessive outflow of reactor water outside the system. Structure: A signal from an upper limit position indicator detects the fact that control rods are completely inserted when the reactor is urgently stopped and the detection signal causes a valve in an outflow line of the discharge water from a control rod driving mechanism to be closed to limit the amount of discharge flown into the scram discharge vessel, thus preventing outflow of reactor water in the primary system after the scram has been initiated. (Kamimura, M.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of different heats of Alloy 800 was evaluated by three different methods: the ASTM A 262 Practice E (or modified Strauss test), the Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation method, and by magnetic-susceptibility measurements. Reasonably good agreement was found between the sensitization areas as defined by the three methods in the TTS diagrams. In some cases the area defined by the Strauss test was slightly smaller than that determined by the other two tests. The differences might be explained by the fact that the methods present different sensitivities to the chromium concentration at the grain boundaries. 27 references, 11 figures, 3 tables.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The capability of screen-film combinations of detection and representation of information is described by the detective quantum efficiency (DQE). The DQE may be calculated from the sensitivity, the gradient of the characteristic curve, the modulation transfer function and the Wiener spectrum. These parameters have been determined for fourteen screen-film combinations and the DQE's have been calculated. It is shown that the low frequency region the DQE does not depend on spatial frequency. This constant level of DQE is mostly dependent on the absorbance of the screens. Consequences from this fact, as well for the manufacturer as for the user of the screens, are discussed. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

The fact that South Africa had no commercially significant deposits of crude oil necessitated the early development of production of gasoline from coal which was present in abundance in low to medium grade in thick seams, the development of the process since the early 1950s is discussed. Both the Fischer Tropsch and Lurgi processes are used, and three large plants named Sasol One, Two, and Three have been completed. A flow diagram for the Lurgi process as used in these plants is included. Typical products and their properties resulting from the Sasol-type Synthol operation are presented in tabular form. Marketing considerations and economics of production of the Sasol products are discussed briefly. (BLM)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Polymer composites are used in numerous applications. In spite of this fact, new developments are still under way to explore in other field of application of these materials and to tailor their properties for more extreme condition. A particular emphasis is focused on fillers content is summarized. Some steps towards the functionally graded materials are illustrated. The FT-IR spectroscopic studies revealed the information about curing of epoxy with fillers. It was observed that mechanical properties like tensile strength, hardness etc get enhanced up with filler contents. The effect of the different formulations were investigated and discussed for optimum process condition. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The results of the study of dimensionally dependent fluorescence of boron difluoride ?-diketonates of general formula (R1COCHCOR2)BF2 are presented. The fact that for most of the compounds studied a noticeable hypsochrome shift of the luminescence band maximum is characteristic during transition from bulk crystals to microcrystals was detected. However, for boron difluoride dibenzoylmethanate having a unique supramolecular structure, a bathochromic shift of luminescence due to the crustal size reduction is observed. The dimensionally dependent luminescence properties of the complexes have been analyzed within the exciton mechanism

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

SiSiC is one of selected materials for the thermal chemical hydrogen production IS (Iodine-Sulfur) process at JAERI. SiSiC was tested in boiling sulfuric acid for 1000 hours. The obtained results showed the following facts. The transverse strength was not changed by sulfuric corrosion, high temperature oxidation and oxidation. Silica scale formed on SiSiC by sulfate corrosion and high temperature oxidation had corrosion resistance in boiling sulfuric acid. Bilayer structure of silica scale produced by high temperature oxidation was not affected by sulfate corrosion. (S.Y.).

CERN Document Server

If quantum fields exist in extra compact dimensions, they will give rise to a quantum vacuum or Casimir energy. That vacuum energy will manifest itself as a cosmological constant. The fact that supernova and cosmic microwave background data indicate that the cosmological constant is of the same order as the critical mass density to close the universe supplies a lower bound on the size of the extra dimensions. Recent laboratory constraints on deviations from Newton's law place an upper limit. The allowed region is so small as to suggest that either extra compact dimensions do not exist, or their properties are about to be tightly constrained by experimental data.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Despite the fact that there is still a potential to improve the efficiency of classic brown coal power plants by various measures from 36% to approx. 40-41%, the essential big increase of the efficiency to values of approx. 46% can only be achieved by the transition to combined gas and steam turbine processes. This means for the solid fuel brown coal that a gasification is integrated into the power plant process. The combined cycle power plant with an integrated brown coal gasification represents this new power plant concept. The applied High Temperature Winkler method (HTW-method) is an advancement of the Winkler method that works at environmental pressure and was developed by the Rheinbraun AG. (orig./DG).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A probabilistic method for assessing the profitability of reactive power compensation devices such as capacitors, static VAR compensators and generators, which improve network security, was described. Since network development is limited by environmental constraints, power networks are operated close to their limits. Because of this fact transmission network planning increasingly relies on techno-economic models to improve network security and profitability. The proposed method consists of analyzing large numbers of constrained power system states, extracted from power system simulation exercises. The paper describes details of the method and provides an example of a numerical application on a part of the French power transmission system. 10 refs., 8 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The use of the method is described on powder samples before and after sintering with a La content of up to 1%. For excitation of the K series of La a /sup 241/Am source with an activity of 1.11 GBq was used. The obtained results showed that the method is sufficiently accurate (error 7%) at a short period of measurement (100 s). It gives satisfactory results even in the comparison of the experimental relative count rate and the theoretically calculated value despite the fact that the analytical signal comes from the sample surface.

CERN Document Server

Ubiquitous computing based on small mobile devices using wireless communication links is becoming very attractive. The computational power and storage capacities provided allow the execution of sophisticated applications. Due to the fact that sharing of information is a central problem for distributed applications, the development of self organizing middleware services providing high level interfaces for information managing is essential. ADS is a directory service for mobile ad-hoc networks dealing with local and nearby information as well as providing access to distant information. The approach discussed throughout this paper is based upon the concept of information markets.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The energy and intensity of gamma rays as seen in thermal neutron capture are presented. Only those (n,..cap alpha..), E = thermal, reactions for which the residual nucleus mass number is greater than or equal to 45 are included. These correspond to evaluations published in Nuclear Data Sheets. The publication source data are contained in the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF). The data presented here do not involve any additional evaluation. Appendix I lists all the residual nuclides for which the data are included here. Appendix II gives a cumulated index to A-chain evaluations including the year of publication. The capture gamma ray data are given in two tables - the Table 1 is the list of all gamma rays seen in (n,..gamma..) reaction given in the order of increasing energy; the Table II lists the gamma rays according to the nuclide.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are many factors affecting diffusion bonding in order to obtain high quality joining. Therefore, in the beginning, we constructed diffusion bonding model based on void growth mechanism to predict bonding pressures and times. In addition, in order to compare theoretical values with experimental values, diffusion bonding tests were carried out by using commercial AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets with different grain sizes, 16 and 130 {mu}m. The present AZ31 alloys were successfully diffusion bonded at several conditions, and the bonding strength was more than 0.8 of each parent materials. The experimental bonding conditions in high quality joining, times and pressures, were good agreed with prediction analysis. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A novel envelope-type radon monitor has been used for short-term (as little as 1 week) radon concentration measurements in a workplace environment. The commercially available LR-115 type II damage track detector was used in this study and the chemically etched sheets were spark counted. The measurements were made over a period of 1 year in a workplace consisting of three adjacent rooms situated in the lower ground level of multistorey office building in Rome, Italy. The variations of the radon concentration are from [approx] 20 to [approx] 300 Bq m[sup -3] with averages of 130,81 and 73 Bq m[sup -3] for the three different rooms resulting in annual doses of [approx] 3.8, [approx] 2.4 and [approx] 2.2 mSv, respectively. (author) 2 figs., 9 refs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The issue of the duration of immunity, particularly for the modified live viral components of veterinary vaccines, has been a significant part of the recent vaccination debate. One manufacturer has increased the recommended booster interval for these components to 3 years give name and another now states `up to 4 years' immunity.There remain many unanswered questions regarding this duration of immunity (DOI). Studies suitable for data sheet claims are time consuming and costly and can only be performed in laboratory dogs under tightly controlled conditions. Evidence from rabies serology testing in the UK shows that the response of individual animals to routine vaccination is highly variable. Much of the published field evidence on the persistence of antibody titres originates from North Am...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Energy-filtered X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (EXPEEM) is a microscopy technique which has the potential to provide surface chemical mapping during surface chemical processes on the nanometer scale. We studied the possibilities of EXPEEM using a Wien filter type energy analyzer in the high energy X-ray region above 1000 eV. We have successfully observed the EXPEEM images of Au islands on a Ta sheet using Au 3d_5_/_2 and Ta 3d_5_/_2 photoelectron peaks which were excited by 2380 eV X-rays emitted from an undulator (BL2A) at Photon Factory. Our recent efforts to improve the sensitivity of the Wien filter energy analyzer will also be discussed.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Melamine cyanurate (MCA) was utilized as an environmental friendly additive to prepare the nonhalogen flame retardant MCA/Nylon 66 composites by melt blending technique. Because of the strong hydrogen bond interactions and fine interfacial compatibility between MCA and Nylon 66, the resultant even dispersion of MCA filler in polymer matrix leads to the better toughness and strength of MCA/Nylon 66 composites than those of neat Nylon 66. Both Nylon 66 and MCA/Nylon 66 composites exhibit similar -crystalline structure, but the presence of MCA influences the distribution of 1 and 2 crystalline phases in Nylon 66 by inducing its hydrogen-bonded sheet separation. Moreover, the blending of MCA and Nylon 66 increases the crystallization temperature and exothermicity but decreases the the...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Effects of #gamma#-irradiation on synthetic polymers and paper used as packaging materials for irradiated food have been studied by NMR. Polystyrene, polybutadiene and some copolymers were studied before and after the #gamma#-irradiation treatment and in the presence or absence of antioxidants and stabilisers. In the absence of additives, the effect of #gamma#-irradiation on polystyrene is negligible even irradiating at high doses. In turn, the role of antioxidants and stabilisers is crucial in polybutadiene and butadiene-containing copolymers. Wood pulp paper was also studied by NMR. Preliminary measurements on #gamma#-irradiated wood pulp sheets show a shortening in the T_2 relaxation time component due to the bound water, i.e. some of the bound water is lost. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We report the fabrication of p"+/n junctions using Ge"+, C"+, and B"+ co-implantation and a spike anneal. The best junction exhibits a depth of 26 nm, vertical abruptness of 3 nm/decade, and sheet resistance of 520 Ohm/square. The junction location is defined by where the boron concentration drops to 10"1"8 cm"-"3. These junctions are close to the International Technology Roadmap specifications for the 65 nm technology node and are achieved by careful engineering of amorphization, stresses, and point defects. Advanced simulation of boron diffusion is used to understand and optimize the process window. The simulations show that the optimum process completely suppresses the transient-enhanced diffusion of boron and the formation of boron-interstitial clusters. This increases the boron solubility to 20% above the equilibrium solid-state solubility.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this report we present a suite of subroutines for the solution of sparse unsymmetric sets of linear equations using a variant of Gaussian elimination. The subroutines are divided into three distinct phases. The first phase optionally preorders the matrix to block triangular form and then performs a sparsity oriented factorization, the second factorizes a matrix of a similar sparsity pattern, while the third uses these decompositions to solve the equations. In this revised edition, the actual Fortran listings have been replaced by a reference to their availability in machine readable form. Other changes to the first edition are minor. This revision is essentially a reprint of the 1979 revision, the only changes being that the MA28A specification sheet has been typeset and has a few minor changes and the existence of a version of the package for complex equations is announced. 11 refs., 11 tabs.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of host periosteum and recipient bed perforation on the healing of an onlay graft to the mandible based on histologic and immunohistochemical analysis. Materials and methods Each of the 12 adult sheep used in the study received four iliac corticocancellous onlay bone grafts on the lateral surface of the mandible. In experiment 1, the block graft was placed in direct contact with the recipient bed and fixed with micro-screws, and in experiment 2, the recipient cortical bed was perforated before graft placement. The host periosteum around the graft was excised before flap replacement in experiment 3, and in experiment 4, a sheet of silicone membrane was placed between the graft and the recipient bed. The animals were euthanised at 4, 8, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We conduct the static and dynamic loading fracture experiments on magnesium alloy (AZ31B) under the equitable and inequitable biaxial stress. We process specimens as cross type with cracks. There are different kinds of cracks defined by their crack angles. By using a hydraulic high-speed biaxial experiment machine, we put the equitable and inequitable stresses on the specimen. We analyze results using the caustic method. The experiments reveal a few important results. There is negative correlation between the fracture toughness value and the plate thickness in the magnesium alloy sheet specimen. The fracture toughness value decrease in the case the crack has the angle different from the loading direction. The fracture toughness value decreases significantly under the inequitable biaxial stress. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The publication presents an outline of the subject of energy management and attempts to test the hypotheses that targeted knowledge management may result in new developments and potentials, and if these are at all desirable. On this basis, a knowledge management system will be developed that may effectively promote developments and potentials in the field of energy management. The tools and fundamentals of energy management are looked into, and the given situation and desired goals are identified by means of an enquiry. This is a scientific study that aims at providing empirical information on the situation and views on the subject of energy management. The analysis, which is supported by an enquiry sheet, is to provide a basis for testing the assumed hypothesis. Further, the potential acceptance and utilization potential of decisive knowledge management in the facility and real estate management sector are to be tested. The energy knowledge management system ENWI ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A new interest in magnesium alloys has arisen since light-weight constructions have become more and more attractive. Products that are currently available are mostly cast, forged, and extruded. A cost-effective production of sheet metals will render new perspectives in the design of light-weight constructions. The development of new casting technologies like thin slab casting or strip casting with an in-line rolling process is expected to result in a shorter processing time featuring a high potential of saving energy, time, and cost. Particular attention is paid to the casting process parameters such as casting speed and solidification speed. This article deals with some aspects of a magnesium-adapted single-belt caster. Results of casting experiments and material examination are shown as well as some advices given concerning safety and handling of liquid magnesium. (orig.)

Science.gov (United States)

The report gives background design data for a specific copper smelter. The data is sufficiently detailed to allow air pollution control system engineering studies to be conducted. These studies will be concerned primarily with lean SO/sub 2/ streams that currently are not being captured. Physical layout of the smelter and the surrounding area is presented, along with existing control equipment. Ductwork that would be considered for future system tie-in is defined. Emissions from operating equipment, gas flow rates, temperatures, sulfur balance, and a process flow sheet are included. Utilities, stack dimensions, footing requirements, and solid waste handling are defined. Available area for new control equipment, gas characteristic variation, and potential new control equipment installation problems are discussed. Portions of this document are not fully legible. (GRA)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The Yaojia Formation recovered by CCSD-SK-Is borehole (China Cretaceous Continental Scientific Drilling-SongkeI-the south borehole) is 157.67 m long and 99.96% of cores recovery. The age of the formation corresponds with a range from the Santonian to the early Campanian. The sequences and processes of lithology-lithofacies and cyclic stratigraphy are revealed by a detailed core description. Eleven rock types and three kinds of sedimentary subfacies, including shallow lake, deep lake, and delta front, are recognized from the drilling core. There are eleven sedimentary microfacies including dolostone, argillaceous limestone, shallow lake turbidite, deep lake turbidite, subaqueous mouth bar, distal bar, sheet sandstone, subaqueous distributary bay, slump deposits, shallow lake mudstone, and d...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Although magnesium is not attacked by hydrocarbons, it reacts vigorously with anhydrous methanol, raising concerns about the compatibility of the metal with methanol blend fuels. This paper describes the behavior of magnesium alloys in laboratory tests in static contact with methanol-containing fuels at 110/sup 0/F. Water in small concentrations (above 0.25% by weight of the methanol content) is shown to prevent the destructive attack of magnesium by these fuels. The required water content is well within the water tolerance of methanol-GTBA (gasoline grade tertiary-butyl alcohol) cosolvent fuel blends. Die cast AZ91HP shows greater resistance to methanol reaction than does AZ31B sheet.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Recently, foods are often exposed to radiation under packed states with various wrapping materials. In this study, the effects of #gamma#-ray radiation were investigated on the additives in wrapping materials on the market. 10 - 50 kGy #gamma# radiation was irradiated to samples under sealed condition in a glass-ware. Polyethylene bag and wrapping film, polypropylene wrapping film, cup and sheet, and polystyrene cup were used as samples. And the additives in these materials were analyzed by GC/MS to evaluate the radiation effects on them. The irradiation was found to induce rapid degradation of antioxidants, especially, Irgafos 168. Some fatty acid amides used as a lubricant and a plasticizer, DBP were also reduced, but not aliphatic hydrocarbons. However, all polystyrene products used in this study included no additives. The contents of styrene dimer and trimer in those wrapping materials were not changed by #gamma#-irradiation. (M.N.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The prototype Bragg Curve Counter (BCC) has been tested by {alpha}-source ({sup 241}Am) with a continuous gas flow system (P-10: 90% Ar+10% CH{sub 4}, at 300Torr). Two types of the Frisch grid were prepared for the BCC. One was made of expanded metal meshes, which consist of 175 meshes/inch{sup 2} with a 100{mu}m{sup t} nickel sheet. The other was made of a 1mm pitch wire with {phi} 50 {mu}m of the tungsten. The shape of Bragg peak signal was compared each other. It was found that the energy spectrum obtained by the wire grid is a little sharper than that obtained by the meshes grid. However the meshes grid is superior than the wire grid so far as handling and durability are concerned. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The possible corrosion damage is discussed of the CrNi and CrNiMo types steels used as structural materials in WWER type nuclear power plants. It includes point and slot corrosion, corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue as well as corrosion denting. Also discussed are test procedures that simulate operating conditions and are used for assessing the properties of metallurgical products (sheets and tubes) used in nuclear power engineering. Briefly described is a system for testing the said products in an aqueous medium while keeping the test parameters in a narrow range for a long time. Under the defined temperature, pressure and corrosion medium composition, the test specimens in this system can mechanically be loaded, both statically and dynamically or a temperature gradient can be produced at the tube-tube plate joint. (Z.M.). 1 fig., 1 tab., 10 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The total amount of uranium dissolved in seawater at a uniform concentration of 3 mg U/m3 in the world's oceans is 4.5 billion tons. An adsorption method using polymeric adsorbents capable of specifically recovering uranium from seawater is reported to be economically feasible. A uranium-specific nonwoven fabric was used as the adsorbent packed in an adsorption cage 16 m2 in cross-sectional area and 16 cm in height. We submerged three adsorption cages in the Pacific Ocean at a depth of 20 m at 7 km offshore of Japan. The three adsorption cages consisted of stacks of 52 000 sheets of the uranium-specific non-woven fabric with a total mass of 350 kg. The total amount of uranium recovered by the nonwoven fabric was >1 kg in terms of yellow cake during a total submersion time of 240 days in the ocean.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In view of the importance of the material Alloy 800 in high-temperature reactor plants (HTR), a material data bank was established which is used for statistical evaluation of mechanical and physical material behaviour. Based on investigations on the interconnection between the mechanical properties at high temperatures and the metallurgical parameters, different types of Alloy 800 were specified in compliance with the component requirements. In addition, aspects of corrosion and toughness behaviour were taken into consideration. The specifications and strength characteristics for the different variants of Alloy 800 were incorporated into draft DIN standards after discussion and approval in expert committees. Further important characteristics of the mechanical and physical material behaviour were summarized in HTR material data sheets so as to furnish an improved basis for the design and stress analyses of Alloy 800 components. (orig.).

Science.gov (United States)

This paper focuses on a factorial-based design strategy. The approach provides an efficient and statistically reliable means for assessing the influence of multivariable effects. It is applied to the detection and evaluation of damage in impacted composite sandwich panels. The experimental results obtained from this test strategy are utilized to form an empirical response function. The resulting polynomial relates damage area to residual compression strength at values of independent variables for which testing did not occur. The response function also identifies nonlinear interaction effects of key variabes that cannot be easily ascertained by traditional single-variable test strategies. Independent variables evaluated include core thickness, number of face sheet plys and impact energy. The methodology presented allows the designer to predict with more confidence the damage tolerance of a composite material component, and the analyst to more accurately assess the ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

A ferritic steel with finely dispersed precipitates was investigated to reveal the fundamental strengthening mechanisms. The steel has a yield strength of 760MPa, approximately three times higher than that of conventional Ti-bearing high strength hot-rolled sheet steels, and its ultimate tensile strength reaches 850MPa with an elongation-to-failure value of 18%. Using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), fine carbides TiC with an average diameter of 10nm were observed in the ferrite matrix of the 0.08%Ti steel, and some cubic M23C6 precipitates were also observed at the grain boundaries and the interior of the grains. The finely dispersed TiC precipitates in the matrix provide matrix strengthening. The estimated magnitude of precipitation ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Vacuum glazing consists of an evacuated space between two sheets of glass. Vacuum glazing has a large effect on energy savings in houses and buildings. Vacuum glazing can achieve higher insulating performance than conventional insulated glazing. Nippon Sheet Glass has successfully developed conventional vacuum glazing. In this study we investigated an advanced form of vacuum glazing. Its thermal insulation ability is equivalent to 100 mm thick glass wool thermal insulation. This vacuum glazing contained a SnO_2:F low emissivity surface. The influence of the residual gas in a vacuum space on heat flow is important to performance. For long-term thermal stability, it is very important to maintain vacuum stability. To understand this better, we studied the behavior of outgassing from the inside glass surfaces exposed to an external energy source. We have studied the behavior of outgassing from a glass surface using a Nd:YAG laser (operated at 355 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This report is a summary of the Steam Generator Group Project progress for 1985. Statistical analyses are presented of data from nondestructive examination (NDE) round robin tests that were performed on the Surry generator in 1984. In the first round robin, teams acquired and analyzed their own data on a selected 10% subset of tubes. In the second round robin, analysts from each participating team analyzed identical sets of data which were provided to them by the Project. Results from several examinations utilizing advanced/alternate NDE technologies including alternate eddy current probes and techniques, ultrasonics, and profilometry are also reported. Criteria are listed for selecting tube specimens that will be removed from the generator. A sampling plan based on these criteria is detailed graphically in the report. The initial steps that have been taken to carry out the plan are described; tooling fabricated for the sample removals is discussed. Successful removal of three 9-tube ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report presents the results of cladding technology development under the Coal-Fired Combined Cycle DOE Project. Clad Alloy Development, involved the selection, fabrication and burner rig evaluation of advanced clad alloy composition diffusion-bonded to IN-738. Testing was conducted for up to 5800 hours at 1600/sup 0/F in a simulated PFB environment. Metallographic evaluation showed Co-base cladding alloys PFB-5PM and PFB-6PM (aluminided) and Fe-base alloy GE-2541 to be the most corrosion resistant. The formability and fabricability of sheet material was significantly improved for these alloys by utilizing powder metallurgy techniques. Clad Process Development encompassed processing activities to evaluate sheet alloy formability, bucket surface preparation techniques, platform clad forming, and the activated diffusion bonding (ADB) of corrosion resistant tips to MS5001 buckets. The main focus, however, involved comprehensive evaluation of ...

Science.gov (United States)

Silicon is an attractive alloy-type anode material because of its highest known capacity (4200 mAh/g). However, lithium insertion into and extraction from silicon are accompanied by a huge volume change, up to 300%, which induces a strong strain on silicon and causes pulverization and rapid capacity fading due to the loss of the electrical contact between part of silicon and current collector. Si nanostructures such as nanowires, which are chemically and electrically bonded to the current collector, can overcome the pulverization problem, however, the heavy metal current collectors in these systems are larger in weight than Si active material. Herein we report a novel anode structure free of heavy metal current collectors by integrating a flexible, conductive carbon nanotube (CNT) network into a Si anode. The composite film is free-standing and has a structure similar to the steel bar reinforced concrete, where the infiltrated CNT network functions as both mechanical support and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this thesis, increased hemicellulose retention during kraft pulping has been studied. The work has been divided into three parts: i) Development of an accessible and reliable method for determination of carbohydrate composition of kraft pulps ii) Investigation of the composition and molecular mass distributions of the carbohydrates in kraft pulps with increased hemicellulose content iii) Investigation of the effect of increased hemicellulose content on the sheet properties of kraft pulps with increased hemicellulose content. A method for carbohydrate determination was developed. In this method, enzymes are used to hydrolyse the pulp into monosaccharides. A relatively mild acid hydrolysis is performed prior to detection on an HPLC with an RI-detector. The pulp is not derivatized and no pre-treatment (mechanical or chemical) is needed to determine the carbohydrate composition using the method developed here. Peak deconvolution software is used to improve the ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Adalimumab is a fully human monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor-a agent that is approved for the treatment of Crohn's disease. It has a good safety profile, injection site reactions being the most common adverse effect. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman with a 30-year history of Crohn's disease who developed achromic patches on the trunk and upper extremities after initiating treatment with adalimumab. Cutaneous biopsy confirmed diagnosis of vitiligo and laboratory testing ruled out thyroid disease. Concomitant occurrence of vitiligo and inflammatory bowel disease, although rare, has been described. A common autoimmune basis could explain this fact. Moreover, multiple cutaneous adverse effects have been described in the literature secondary to biologic treatments, includin...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Microbiological comparison between irradiated and non-irradiated foodstuff has been studied for a long time as a way to detect whether a foodstuff has been irradiated or not. Generally, the proposed methods are based on the fact that ionization select species of bacteria which are recognized to be radioresistant. So reduction or elimination of known radiation sensitive microbes from the normal endogenous microflora could give an indication that the foodstuff has been irradiated, predominance of known radioresistant bacteria should be another indication. In the present work, we try to develop a test based on the radiosensitivity of the bacteria independently of their place. These first experiments show that the determination of radiosensitivity of strains isolated from a product or even of global radioresistance of mesophilic microflora could indicate if this product has been previously submitted to ionizing radiations. (4 tabs).

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The period from the early eighteenth century up to 1820 witnesses a fundamental shift in the conception of the human. This shift is most clearly reflected in the soul's decline from being the essence of human life to a metaphor for the mind. At the same time, the status of the body rises from a machine to a whole organism that cannot only react but also act and think. This essay follows the discourse history of the soul from John Locke to Percy Bysshe Shelley, reflecting on the fact that the emergence of the modern scientific system at the end of the Romantic period and with it a biological conception of the human does not eventually lead to the end of the concept of soul. Rather, the soul becomes an important aesthetic concept in Romantic poetry. The analysis of the poem Epipsychidion sho...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In this paper as a result of the theoretical studies and a numerical simulation we presented the following main conclusions: (i) for humid air at increasing pressure of 1.0133 10"5 Pa until 5.0665 10"5 Pa ozone concentrations during 2 centre dot 10"-"3 s become higher in 22 times. This fact we clear with structure of ozone-production reactions. In this case the harmful NO_x concentrations are 2-3 order lower than ozone one; (ii) it is shown that nitrogen is useful to ozone production in the discharge; (iii) based on ion collection we cleared increasing ignition discharge voltage at growing ozone concentrations even with low ozone concentrations.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

High levels of unemployment are a permanent feature in the urban areas of many developing countries. South Africa is no exception in this regard. Poverty and hardship caused by unemployment force many participants in the labour market to venture into the urban informal economy in order to survive. The activities of the waste pickers fall within the urban informal economy. In spite of the fact that waste pickers are a common sight in the urban areas of Pretoria and other South African cities, remarkably little is known about them and scant attention is paid to them. The aim of the study was to establish a socio-economic profile of the street waste pickers in Pretoria and to describe the social interaction and relationship dynamics between the waste pickers and their families, each other, th...

CERN Document Server

Bedwyr is a generalization of logic programming that allows model checking directly on syntactic expressions possibly containing bindings. This system, written in OCaml, is a direct implementation of two recent advances in the theory of proof search. The first is centered on the fact that both finite success and finite failure can be captured in the sequent calculus by incorporating inference rules for {\\em definitions} that allow {\\em fixed points} to be explored. As a result, proof search in such a sequent calculus can capture simple model checking problems as well as may and must behavior in operational semantics. The second is that higher-order abstract syntax is directly supported using term-level $\\lambda$-binders and the quantifier known as $\

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An experimentalist looking for free tachyons is faced with the following two related problems: A) How does a tachyon interact with bradyonic matter. Is it an object more or less localized in space-time. B) How should a (bradyonic) detector for tachyons look. To answer B) you should necessarily know something about A). But a theory which provides sufficient information doesn't exist at the moment. Therefore it is necessary to make some simple assumption to tackle problem B). In the second part of this contribution two possibilities of tachyon detectors are proposed assuming that a free charged tachyon (if it exists) exhibits normal electromagnetic interaction with bradyonic matter. Another possibility to look for tachyons produced in high energy reactions of bradyons is the missing mass method using the fact that the four-momentum of a collection of particles can be spacelike if at least one tachyon is present. Such experiments have been undertaken with negative ...

CERN Document Server

Cosmological constant a.k.a. dark energy problem is considered to be one major challenge in modern cosmology. Here we present a model where large scale structure formation causes spatially-flat FRW universe to fragment into numerous `FRW islands' surrounded by vacuum. We show that this mechanism can explain the origin of dark energy as well as the late time cosmic acceleration. This explanation of dark energy does not require any exotic matter source nor an extremely fine-tuned cosmological constant. This explanation is given within classical general relativity and relies on the fact that our universe has been undergoing structure formation since its recent past.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

SummaryPrimary visual cortex recombines inputs from magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) streams to create functionally specialized outputs. Understanding these input-output relationships is complicated by the fact that layer 4B, which provides outputs to dorsal visual areas, contains multiple cell types. Using a modified rabies virus that expresses green fluorescent protein, we show that layer 4B neurons projecting to MT are a majority spiny stellate, whereas those projecting to V2 are overwhelmingly pyramidal. Regardless of cell type, MT-projecting neurons have larger cell bodies, more dendritic length, and are deeper within layer 4B. Furthermore, MT-projecting pyramidal neurons are located preferentially underneath cytochrome oxidase blobs, indicating that MT-projecting neurons of bo...

Science.gov (United States)

A method for simplifying finite element models of structures having a beam-like global dynamical behaviour is presented. This method is based on the use of a general uniform beam finite element formulation. It takes into account both transverse shear effects and dynamical coupling between bending and torsion due to the fact that mass centres and shear centres do not always coincide. For that purpose, we develop a condensation method for reducing any shell model into an equivalent beam, as well as a technique for automatically identifying the corresponding set of beam parameters. The method is applied to several illustrate examples that demonstrate its ability to simplify finite element models for many kinds of sophisticated structures having a beam-like predominant behaviour.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to verify the proposition by the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), that their return on investment (ROI) formula developed for academic libraries and based on hard facts is broad enough to be used throughout the world for ROI studies in academic institutions/libraries. It further aims to verify that UIUC's methodology is adaptable enough to work in other academic environments as well. Design/methodology/approach - The methodology developed by UIUC (an ROI formula developed for academic libraries based on grant proposal applications and citations) has been "copied" and thereby adapted to enable it to be used in an academic environment in Europe/Germany. Findings - The methodology developed by UIUC was adaptable enough to be used in a Ger...

CERN Document Server

This is our response to a comment by Walter Eifler on our paper `A simple model for the short-time evolution of near-surface current and temperature profiles' (arXiv:physics/0503186, accepted for publication in Deep-Sea Research II). Although Eifler raises genuine issues regarding our model's validity and applicability, we are nevertheless of the opinion that it is of value for the short-term evolution of the upper-ocean profiles of current and temperature. The fact that the effective eddy viscosity tends to infinity for infinite time under a steady wind stress may not be surprising. It can be interpreted as a vertical shift of the eddy viscosity profile and an increase in the size of the dominant turbulent eddies under the assumed conditions of small stratification and infinite water depth.

Science.gov (United States)

In this paper, we introduce a new recursive neural network model able to process directed acyclic graphs with labelled edges. The model uses a state transition function which considers the edge labels and is independent both from the number and the order of the children of each node. The computational capabilities of the new recursive architecture are assessed. Moreover, in order to test the proposed architecture on a practical challenging application, the problem of object detection in images is also addressed. In fact, the localization of target objects is a preliminary step in any recognition system. The proposed technique is general and can be applied in different detection systems, since it does not exploit any a priori knowledge on the particular problem. Some experiments on face detection, carried out on scenes acquired by an indoor camera, are reported, showing very promising results. PMID:16181770

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The rate was studied of radiation destruction of phenol aqueous solutions at a concentration range of 1 to 100 ppm. Irradiated were model solutions containing additions of some organic and inorganic substances typical of the petrochemical industry. In view of the fact that the radiation destruction kinetics is determined by the amount of dissolved oxygen in the sample and by the phenol concentration, relatively low doses were used. Thus, a sufficient amount of oxygen in the sample and therefore the oxidation mechanism of radiolysis were ensured. The dose-response relationships for phenol destruction were studied using doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 J.kg"-"1; the limit dose was 500 J.kg"-"1. From the results obtained, a kinetic model was constructed of radiation phenol oxidation in aqueous solutions in the presence of various organic and inorganic additions. (B.S.).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Recently the authors showed that tetrazolium salts can be obtained during the oxidation of substituted 1,3,5-triarylformazans with potassium permanganate in a two-phase organic solvent-water system. The role of phase-transfer catalyst in this reaction is played by the tetrazolium salt, which is formed in a small amount as the result of oxidation of the formazan at the phase boundary. The method is distinguished by its extreme simplicity. However, the yield of the tetrazolium salts fluctuates within wide limits and does not exceed 62%. This is due to the fact that as the reaction proceeds the pH of the aqueous phase increases from 6 to 12. At the same time it is known that tetrazolium salts are unstable in aqueous alkaline solutions. They found that if the aqueous phase is replaced by aqueous hydrochloric acid (5 wt. %) the yields of the tetrazolium salts (Ia-g) are increased to 70-87%. For convenience of isolation the readily water-soluble tetrazolium chlorides ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The world of antibiotic drug discovery and development is driven by the necessity to overcome antibiotic resistance in common Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. However, the lack of Gram-negative activity among both recently approved antibiotics and compounds in the developmental pipeline is a general trend despite the fact that the plethora of covered drug targets are well-conserved across the bacterial kingdom. Such intrinsic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is largely attributed to the activity of multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux pumps. Moreover, these pumps also play a significant role in acquired clinical resistance. Together, these considerations make efflux pumps attractive targets for inhibition in that the resultant efflux pump inhibitor (EPI)/antibiotic combination d...

Science.gov (United States)

The focus of the March-April issue is on plant maintenance and plant life extension. Major articles/reports in this issue include: Spent fuel: myths and facts, by Jeffrey S. Merrifield, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; Critical pipe replacement procedure, by Geoff Gilmore, Climax Portable Machine Tools Inc.; Improving maintenance performance, by Larry Meyer and Joe Giuffre, DC Cook Nuclear Plant, American Electric Power; Equipment deficiency intolerance index, by Douglas F. Helms, Tennessee Valley Authority; Plant profile: I and C modernization at Dukovany, by Josef Rosol, CEZ Dukovany NPP, Czech Republic; and, Report: new plant activities.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This work reports phase equilibrium measurements for the ternary systems linoleic (acid+CO2+ethanol) and (linolenic acid+CO2+ethanol). The fatty acids present in the ternary systems were selected based on composition of banana peel oil extracted by supercritical CO2 at 20MPa and 313K. The motivation of this research relies on the fact that these unsaturated fatty acids are recognized to play an important role in lowering blood pressure and serum cholesterol and because they are present in high concentrations in banana peel extract. Besides that, equilibrium data of these compounds are scarce in literature. The phase equilibrium experiments were performed using a high-pressure variable-volume view cell over the temperature range of (303 to 343)K and pressures up to 19MPa. For both systems, ...

CERN Document Server

We show that the moduli space of all Calabi-Yau manifolds that can be realized as hypersurfaces described by a transverse polynomial in a four dimensional weighted projective space, is connected. This is achieved by exploiting techniques of toric geometry and the construction of Batyrev that relate Calabi-Yau manifolds to reflexive polyhedra. Taken together with the previously known fact that the moduli space of all CICY's is connected, and is moreover connected to the moduli space of the present class of Calabi-Yau manifolds (since the quintic threefold P_4[5] is both CICY and a hypersurface in a weighted P_4), this strongly suggests that the moduli space of all simply connected Calabi-yau manifolds is connected. It is of interest that singular Calabi-Yau manifolds corresponding to the points in which the moduli spaces meet are often, for the present class, more singular than the conifolds that connect the moduli spaces of CICY's.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In 1977 and 1978, Sandia National Laboratories, located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE), filmed a series of crash and fire tests performed on three casks designed to transport irradiated nuclear fuel assemblies. While the tests were performed to assess the applicability of scale and computer modeling techniques to actual accidents, films of them were quickly pressed into service by the DOE and nuclear utilities as ``proof`` to the public of the safety of the casks. In the public debate over the safety of irradiated nuclear fuel transportation, the films have served as the mainstay for the nuclear industry. Although the scripts of all the films were reviewed by USDOE officials before production, they contain numerous misleading concepts and images, and omit significant facts. The shorter versions eliminated qualifying statements contained in the longer version, and created false impressions. This paper discusses factors ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Studies addressed to a deep understanding of the structure/property relationship on the near infrared (NIR)-emissive erbium-quinolinolate complexes, which are of interest for low-cost photonic systems, are reviewed. The role of the 8-quinolinolate ligand (Q), which studies also as sensitizer to overcome the weak absorptivity of lanthanide ion, is discussed. Synthetic and structural aspects are reported to revise the old assumption that these complexes are analogous in structure to AlQ3 and to point out the specificity of the lanthanide coordination chemistry. In fact depending on reaction conditions, species with high coordination numbers and differing for nuclearity and stoichiometry have been isolated and fully characterized. In some instances it has been shown that coordinated water mol...

Wastenet

...The RSPB: Great crested grebe A delightfully elegant waterbird with ornate head plumes which led to its being hunted for its feathers, almost leading to its extermination from the UK. E-mail to a friendE-newsletterContact us Home England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales About Overview Awards & recognition Contact us Facts and figures History How we are run Inspiring work Job vacancies Looking to the future Media centre Offices The RSPB view ...status: Green Listen Get Flash player Play sound 1 videoLatin name Podiceps cristatusFamily Grebes (Podicipedidae)Overview A delightfully elegant waterbird with ornate head plumes which led to its being hunted for its feathers, almost leading to its extermination from the UK. They dive to feed and also to escape, preferring this to flying. On land they are clumsy because their feet are placed so far back on their bodies. ...