International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has variable degree of F-18 FDG avidity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between F-18 FDG uptake and pathological or immunohistochemical features of DTC. DTC patients who underwent both pre-operative F-18 FDG PET/CT scan and surgery were included in the study. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of primary tumor were calculated. If the primary tumor showed no perceptibly increased F-18 FDG uptake, region of interest was drawn based on finding of CT portion of the PET/CT images. Pathological and immunohistochemical markers such as presence of lymph node (LN) metastasis and underlying ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Positron-emission tomography (PET) and PET/CT (computed tomography) are becoming increasingly important for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Clinically relevant changes can sometimes be seen on PET that are not seen on other imaging modalities. However, PET is not suitable for guiding biopsy as the images are not obtained in real-time. Therefore, our research group has begun developing a concept for PET/CT-guided interventional procedures. This paper presents the rationale for this concept, outlines our research plan, and includes an initial study to evaluate the relative sensitivity of CT and PET/CT in detecting suspicious lesions. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A conventional PET scanner has a 15-25 cm axial field-of-view (FOV) and images a whole body using about six bed positions. An OpenPET geometry can extend the axial FOV with a limited number of detectors. The entire whole-body PET scanner must be able to process a large amount of data effectively. In this work, we study feasibility of the fully 3D entire whole-body PET scanner using the GATE simulation. The OpenPET has 12 block detector rings with the ring diameter of 840 mm and each block detector ring consists of 48 depth-of-interaction (DOI) detectors. The OpenPET has the axial length of 895.95 mm with five parts of 58.95 mm open gaps. The OpenPET has higher single data loss than a conventional PET scanner at grouping circuits. NECR of the OpenPET decreases by single data loss. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is the gold standard for non-invasive assessment of myocardial viability and allows accurate detection of coronary artery disease by assessment of myocardial perfusion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high resolution anatomical images that allow accurate evaluation of ventricular structure and function together with detection of myocardial infarction. Potential hybrid PET/MR tomography may potentially facilitate the combination of information from these imaging modalities in cardiology. Furthermore, the combination of anatomical MRI images with the high sensitivity of PET for detecting molecular targets may extent the application of these modalities to the characterization of atherosclerotic plaques and to the evaluation of angiogenetic or stem cell therapies, for example. This article reviews studies using MRI and PET in parallel to ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

AIM: To investigate differential points of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas and pancreatic endocrine tumor (PET).METHODS: Ten cases of SPN and fourteen cases of PET were studied...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a fully quantitative technology for imaging metabolic pathways and dynamic processes in vivo. Attenuation correction of raw PET data is a prerequisite for quantification and is typically based on separate transmission measurements. In PET/CT attenuation correction, however, is performed routinely based on the available CT transmission data. Recently, combined PET/magnetic resonance (MR) has been proposed as a viable alternative to PET/CT. Current concepts of PET/MRI do not include CT-like transmission sources and, therefore, alternative methods of PET attenuation correction must be found. This article reviews existing approaches to MR-based attenuation correction (MR-AC). Most groups have proposed MR-AC algorithms for brain PET studies and more recently also for ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The combination of functional and morphological imaging technologies such as positron emission tomography (PET) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) has shown its value in the clinical and preclinical field. However, CT provides only very limited soft-tissue contrast and exposes the examined patient or laboratory animal to a high X-ray radiation dose. In comparison to CT, magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) provides excellent soft-tissue contrast and allows for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRS) or functional MRI (fMRI). Thus, the combination of PET and MRI has been pursued for several years. First approaches have succeeded using conventional photo multiplier tube (PMT) technology together with light fibers to transfer scintillation light away from the high magnetic field. Latest PET/MRI developments use solid-state light detectors that can be operated even at high magnetic fields. Initial pilot ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Colerectal cancer (CRC) is the second commonest cancer in the Western World. Successful treatment relies significantly on accurate detection and staging of primary disease as well as the early identification of the presence and extent of recurrence. Morphological imaging techniques, particularly computed tomography (CT), are well established and widely available to carry out these tasks in addition to predicting and monitoring response to therapy. This review analyses the current inadequacies for imaging CRC and critically assesses the potential role of functional imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). It was reviewed the current literature, to use the experience from the firs 1000 PET studies carried out at the institution and the perspective of surgical colleagues. It was found little evidence for the use of 2-["1"8F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-PET for screening asymptomatic individuals ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating could induce polyethylene terephthalate (PET) artificial ligament graft osseointegration in the bone tunnel. Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits underwent artificial ligament graft transplantation in bilateral proximal tibia tunnels. One limb was implanted with HAp-coated PET graft, and the contralateral limb was implanted with non-HAp-coated PET graft as control. The rabbits were randomly sacrificed at four and eight?weeks after surgery. The loads to failure of the experimental group at eight?weeks were significantly higher than those of the control group (p?=?0.0057). Histologically, application of HAp coating induced new bone formation between graft and bone at eight?weeks compared with the controls. Rea...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Brain glucose metabolism was evaluated in four patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) dementia complex using ["1"8F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans at the beginning of therapy with 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT, zidovudine), and later in the course of therapy. In two patients, baseline, large focal cortical abnormalities of glucose utilization were reversed during the course of therapy. In the other two patients, the initial PET study did not reveal pronounced focal alterations, while the post-treatment scans showed markedly increased cortical glucose metabolism. The improved cortical glucose utilization was accompanied in all patients by immunologic and neurologic improvement. PET-FDG studies can detect cortical metabolic abnormalities associated with AIDS dementia complex, and may be used to monitor the metabolic ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

In cases of obstructive colorectal cancer (CRC), preoperative diagnosis of the proximal lesion is often difficult when the primary lesion impedes the passage of the endoscope. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in such cases. A total of 52 obstructive CRC patients who underwent preoperative FDG-PET and subsequent surgical resection were retrospectively reviewed. The correlation between characteristics of the proximal lesion and FDG-PET findings was analyzed statistically. There was a significant correlation between the proximal lesion size and the maximum standardized uptake value (P=0.00016). Abnormal FDG accumulation in the proximal colon indicated the existence of proximal cancer or adenoma with a sensitivity of 50% and a specificity of 100%. There was a significant difference in the distribution of tumor size ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

"1"8F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography (PET) scan has been found to reflect tumor aggressiveness and prognosis in various types of cancer. However, pattern of FDG uptake in biliary malignancies and its clinical significance have not been studied well. The purpose of this study was to assess the additional value of "1"8F-FDG PET in differential diagnosis and prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma (CC) according to the tumor location and tumor morphology. From April 2005 to May 2008, eighty two patients (M:F=55:27, age 66.2#+-#9.6 yrs) with CC underwent "1"8F-FDG PET. For semiquantitative analysis, the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_m_a_x) was obtained from the primary tumor. The difference of SUV_m_a_x according to the tumor location and tumor growth pattern, such as scirrhous type, nodular type, polypoid type were compared. Overall sensitivity of ...

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Short communication.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The authors used studies of local cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (LCMRGlc) to examine development of cerebral organization in 5 days to 1 year old children. A group (n=8) of infants with diverse pediatric disorders allowed investigation of developmental changes in LCMRGlc, while also providing relevant clinical management information. Patients consisted of questionable and definite neonatal seizures, cerebral embolism from cardiac sources, and otherwise normal infants with facial nevi with consideration of Sturge-Weber. Gradual increase in cortical LCMRGlc coincides with suppression of intrinsic subcortical reflexes present in all newborns. Two retarded children (2 years old) showed LCMRGlc developmental patterns of a few days old, which corresponded to their functional and mental status. These studies illustrate great potential of PET to study normal and altered states of human brain development.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cardiac disease research relies increasingly on small animal models and non-invasive imaging methods such as positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) using gadolinium-based contrast agents appear to be a visualizing infracted myocardium with high spatial resolution. Polar map (or bull's-eye image) was used to determination of the myocardial infarction area. Polar map is a comprehensive interpretation of the left ventricle. The infarct size was computed as the fraction of the total polar map areas. The threshold was computed as the percentage of mean intensity of the normal region. In other study, 50% predefined threshold value in varying range (30?70%) was most commonly use. However, predefined threshold value isn't acceptance in all case. The purpose of this study was to investigate methodological approach for automatic measurement of ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aim: There has been a great demand for developments of the radioligands to visualize the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors by PET/SPECT. We have recently synthesized two C-11 labeled antagonists for the glycine-binding site on NMDA receptors. The aim of this work is to examine for their in vitro and in vivo binding characteristics, and to evaluate their potentials as PET radioligands for the NMDA receptors. Materials and methods: Two C-11 labeled 4-hydroxy-2-quinolones (1 and 2) were synthesized by conventional methylation of the corresponding phenols with ["1"1C]methyl iodide. In vitro and ex vivo quantitative autoradiographs with imaging plate, as well as animal PET, were employed in order to evaluate their in vitro and in vivo binding to the NMDA receptors. Results: The compound 1 showed the specific binding to rat brain slices with higher localization in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex than in the cerebellum. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Image registrations that are based on similarity measures simply adjust the parameters of an appropriate spatial transformation model until the similarity measure reaches an optimum. The numerous similarity measures that have been proposed in the past are differently sensitive to imaging modality, image content and differences in the image content, selection of the floating and target image, partial image overlap, etc. In this paper, we evaluate and compare 12 similarity measures for the rigid registration. To study the impact of different imaging modalities on the behavior of similarity measures, we have used 16 CT/MR and 6 PET/MR image pairs with known 'gold standard' registrations. The results for the PET/MR registration and for the registration of CT to both rectified and unrectified MR images indicate that mutual information, normalized mutual information and the entropy correlation coefficient are ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In this study, Nylon 66/Polyester (Ny 66/PET) hybrid cord design and production was investigated to obtain new cord with better performance than conventional cord. The factors affecting cord properties and cord production process were examined. Taguchi design of experiment method was implemented in order to minimize the required number of experiments. Different sets of 4 reference cords conventionally used in tyre industry were prepared and resorcinol-formaldehyde-latex (RFL) treated in order to make a comparison of performance. Mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid cords were measured and compared with the values of reference cords. It was found that the twist level of high modulus PET component in the hybrid cords should be the same or above of the nylon in order to obtain maximum ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

There are few studies that focused on the prognostic value of FDG-PET on small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Not only FDG uptake (maxSUV), but also metabolic size (greatest dimension of PET positive mass) may determine the prognosis of SCLC. Here, we investigated the prognostic significance of maxSUV, and the metabolic size in SCLC patients. Biopsy-proven SCLC patients (n=21; age, means.d.=67.39y; male: female=19: 3) who had underwent FDG-PET within 4 weeks of chemotherapy initiation were enrolled. There were 7 extensive disease (ED) and 14 limited disease (LD) patients. The maxSUV and the metabolic size were measured, and then, size-incorporated maxSUV (SIMaxSUV = maxSUV x metabolic size) were calculated at individual SCLC masses. SIMaxSUV of main lesion (main-SIMaxSUV), and the summed value of SIMaxSUV of all PET positive masses (summed-SIMaxSUV) were obtained. In addition, age, stage, ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Authors describe diagnostic dilemma of differentiating pyelonephritis with lymphomatous involvement of kidney in a known case of lymphoma. FDG uptake pattern was non-discriminatory and pyelonephritis diagnosed retrospectively on follow up study. Authors emphasize the importance of recognition of features and subtle clues of infection evident on CT component of PET-CT. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a new treatment option for patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Response to RIT currently remains difficult to predict using conventional prognostic factors and could be refined using functional imaging. The goal of this work is to evaluate the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in predicting response to Yttrium 90-labeled monoclonal antibodies for patients with NHL. Thirty-five patients with NHL who had undergone 18F-FDG PET prior to RIT with either 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan (group A; n=17) or 90Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan (group B; n=18) were included in this retrospective study. Four functional criteria were determined for each tumour lesion in a given patient: maximum and mean standard uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean), functional lesion volume (LVol) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG, product of the volume and the SUVmean). For each patient, we ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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The first preparation and characterization of the platinum (II) complexes containing five phosphorus ligands are reported herein. The complexes are represented by the formulae (Pt(PP/sub 3/)(P(OR)/sub 3/)Cl/sub 2/, where R = Me or Et, and (Pt(PP/sub 3/)(PEt/sub 3/))Cl/sub 2/. The /sup 31/P spectra of the complexes are presented. 10 references, 2 tables.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Subcommittee for Surveillance of Nuclear Medicine Practice has implemented a survey for actual nuclear medicine practice in Japan every 5 years. This article reports on the third survey implemented during a one-month period in June 1992. Questionnaires were sent to all 1256 facilities employing radiopharmaceuticals in routine practice, and 1162 (92.5%) answered. In vivo nuclear medicine examinations per day were performed in 6600 cases. SPECT accounted for 19.4%, as compared with 7.1% in the 1987 survey. According to organs, the frequency of examination for the cerebrospinal region was 3.2 and 2.2 times higher than that in the 1982 and 1987 surveys, respectively, whereas for the thyroid gland it was 0.6-fold and 0.7-fold that of these surveys. The proportion of bone scintigraphy was the highest (24.5%), followed by tumor scintigraphy (14.1%) and myocardial scintigraphy (11.9%). The frequency of myocardial and cerebral blood flow scintigraphy was dramatically increased as compared ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

To compare the accuracy in the detection and staging of various malignant tumors with high resolution whole-body MRI using parallel imaging with whole-body dual-modality PET-CT. Preliminary results of an interim analysis from a prospective, blinded study are presented, in which 20 patients (mean age 59 years, range 27-77 years) with different oncological diseases underwent whole-body dual modality FDG-PET-CT screening for tumor search or staging in case of confirmed or suspected metastatic disease. All patients also underwent whole-body MRI imaging with the use of parallel imaging (iPAT). High-resolution coronal T1w- and STIR-sequences of 5 body levels with 512 x 512 matrix, axial fast T2w imaging of lung and abdomen (HASTE), contrast-enhanced dynamic and static T1w-sequences of liver, brain, abdomen, and pelvis were performed. Using a 32-channel whole-body MRI scanner (Magnetom Avanto, Siemens Medical Solutions) with a ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Multimodality imaging with PET/CT and SPECT/CT has become commonplace in clinical practice and in preclinical and basic medical research. Do other combinations of imaging modalities have a similar...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Integration of positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) has become a topic of increasing interest to the imaging community over the past two years. In this text, the authors attempt to distinguish facts from fiction concerning such integrated systems. Analysis of existing information of combined imaging on existing brain PET/MR systems and imaging experience with PET-computed tomography (CT) is reviewed. Various types of system integration of PET and MR are discussed with completely independent systems on one hand and completely integrated systems with the possibility of simultaneous data acquisition on the other hand. Furthermore, it is discussed, what simultaneous data acquisition with nuclear imaging systems combined with MR or CT really means, as technical simultaneity may not be relevant in light of the pharmacokinetics of the nuclear tracers used. The authors conclude that ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The aim was to utilize data from a study of occupational indoor environments to analyze symptoms and physiological signs in relation to the home environment. A medical investigation was performed at the workplace among university staff (n = 173) from four university buildings in Bergen, in March 2004. Tear film break up time (BUT) was measured by two methods. Nasal patency was measured by acoustic rhinometry. Nasal lavage fluid analysis (NAL) included eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP); myeloperoxidase (MPO), lysozyme and albumin. Atopy was assessed by total serum IgE and specific IgE (Phadiatop). Totally 21%, 21%, 18%, 11%, and 27% had weekly ocular, nasal, facial dermal symptoms, headache and tiredness, respectively, 15% had a damp dwelling, and 20% had a cat or dog. Multiple l...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The introduction of positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) systems into medical practice in the foreseeable future may not only lead to a gain in clinical diagnosis compared to PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging due to the superior soft-tissue contrast of the MR technology but can also substantially reduce exposure of patients to ionizing radiation. On the other hand, there are also risks and health effects associated with the use of diagnostic MR devices that have to be considered carefully. This review article summarizes biophysical and biological aspects, which are of relevance for the assessment of health effects related to the exposure of patients to both ionizing radiation in PET and magnetic and electromagnetic fields in MR. On this basis, some considerations concerning the justification and optimization of PET/MR examinations are presented - as far as this is possible at ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Introduction: Development of agonist positron emission tomography (PET) radioligands for the 5-HT neurotransmitter system is an important target to enable the understanding of human 5-HT function in vivo. ["1"1C]CUMI-101, proposed as the first 5-HT_1_A receptor agonist PET ligand, has been reported to behave as a potent 5-HT_1_A agonist in a cellular system stably expressing human recombinant 5-HT_1_A receptors. In this study, we investigate the agonist properties of CUMI-101 in rat brain tissue. Methods: ["3"5S]-GTP#gamma#S binding studies were used to determine receptor function in HEK (human embryonic kidney) 293 cells transfected with human recombinant 5-HT_1_A receptors and in rat cortex and rat hippocampal tissue, following administration of CUMI-101 and standard 5-HT1A antagonists (5-HT, 5-CT and 8-OH-DPAT). Results: CUMI-101 behaved as an agonist at human recombinant 5-HT_1_A receptors (pEC_5_0 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The central benzodiazepine receptor tracer [N-methyl-"1"1C]iomazenil (Ro 16-0154) was synthesized by alkylation of the desmethyl precursor noriomazenil with ["1"1C]methyl iodide. The ["1"1C]CH_3I (prepared by reduction of ["1"1C]CO_2 with LiAlH_4 followed by reaction with HI) was reacted with noriomazenil inN,N -dimethylformamide and Bu_4N"+OH"- for 1 min at 80 deg. C and purified by HPLC (C_1_8, 34% CH_3CN/H_2O, 7 mL/min). The product was obtained with synthesis time 35 #+-# 5 min (mean #+-# SD, n = 7), radiochemical yield (EOB) 36 #+-# 16%, radiochemical purity 99 #+-# 1%, and specific activity 5100 #+-# 2800 mCi/#mu#mol. Absorbed radiation doses were calculated from previously acquired human biodistribution data. The urinary bladder wall received the highest dose (0.099 mGy/MBq) for 4.8 h voiding interval and the effective dose equivalent was 0.015 mSv/MBq. After i.v. injection of ["1"1C]iomazenil in an adult baboon or healthy human volunteer, radioactivity accumulated in the cortex ...

Science.gov (United States)

Breast Cancer

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Flame retardant recycled PET blends containing PC and triphenyl phosphite (TPP) have been designed using the following sequential processing strategy: PET and PC are first melt blended with a transesterification catalyst, allowing the compatibilisation of the blend, before adding TPP. The presence of this last component was shown to stop the transesterification reaction between PET and PC, avoiding chain breaking. In addition, TPP acts as a chain extender of PET, allowing the average chain length to be increased. The optimized blends obtained present "V-0" UL94 rating due to a better thermal stability leading to low flammability and to the development of an important, stable and covering char layer, resulting in self-extinguishability and very low Heat Release Rates during combustion.

Science.gov (United States)

...to roam. (iv) All dogs must be on a leash when...posted. (v) We allow working a dog in refuge waters by tossing...has occurred. (f) Military, fire or emergency vehicles...prohibited. (r) Pets. Dogs and other pets, on a...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Geological clay formations are investigated for use as final underground deposit for heat producing nuclear waste. Special kinds of clay (e.g. bentonite) can also be used for the construction of geotechnical barriers. For the long time safety prognosis of the nuclear waste repositories the development of geochemical transport models is indispensable. The transport of aqueous solutions in clay is a complex process. The three-layer-minerals bentonite and illite swell by the adsorption of water, if the volume is restricted a high swelling pressure develops. The excellent barrier effect of natural clay formations and geotechnical clay barriers is based on the high swelling pressure and the high adsorption capacity for radionuclides and other pollutants. The two-layer-mineral kaolinite has no swelling capacity. In contrast to sandy layers a special geochemical transport potential exists in clay besides the well known matrix potential which influences essentially the transport process. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Volatile compounds produced in flexible food packaging materials (LDPE, EVAc, PET/PE/EVOH/PE) during electron beam irradiation were isolated by purge and trap technique and identified by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), after thermal desorption and concentration. For comparison purposes non-irradiated films were also studied. Film samples were irradiated at low (5 kGy, corresponding to cold pasteurization), intermediate (20 kGy, corresponding to cold sterilization) and high (100 kGy) doses. It was observed that a number of volatile compounds are produced after irradiation in all cases. Furthermore the amounts of all volatile compounds increase with increasing irradiation dose. Both primary (methyl-derivatives etc.) as well as secondary i.e. oxidation products (ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, carboxylic acids etc.) are produced upon irradiation. These products may affect organoleptic properties and thus shelf-life of ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

IntroductionCopper(II)-diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone), or Cu-ATSM, a hypoxia imaging agent, has been shown to be predictive of response to traditional cancer therapies in patients with a wide range of tumors. It is known that the environment of the tumor results in a myriad of physiological consequences, including hypoxia, alterations in metabolism and proliferation. In an effort to better characterize the relationships between Cu-ATSM and other prominent radiopharmaceuticals, this current study was undertaken to compare the regional distribution of 64Cu-ATSM with [18F]fluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO), [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) and [18F]fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) in 9L tumors.MethodsTaking advantage of the different half-life of 18F (t1/2=110 min) in comparison to 64Cu...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Technical innovations such as the availability of movable patient platforms and the introduction of 32-channel systems have made whole-body MRI for tumor staging feasible. In addition, the development of dual-modality PET/CT systems offers the opportunity to perform anatometabolic tumor staging with whole-body coverage in a single session. Based on an increase in patient survival when applying a stage-adapted therapy in different malignant diseases the relevant question relates to the accuracies of whole-body MRI and whole-body PET/CT for TNM staging. This review article addresses whole-body tumor staging with MRI and FDG-PET/CT with special emphasis on diagnostic accuracies for staging different malignant diseases. (orig.) [German] Technische Neuerungen, wie die Verfuegbarkeit beweglicher Tischaufsaetze oder die Einfuehrung von 32-Kanal-Systemen, haben die Ganzkoerperbildgebung mit der MRT ermoeglicht. Die Entwicklung ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The clinical management of adults with low-grade gliomas (LGGs) remains a challenge. There is no curative treatment, and management of individual patients is a matter of deciding optimal timing as well...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The length polymorphism of the serotonin (5-HT) transporter gene promoter region has been implicated in altered 5-HT function and, in turn, neuropsychiatric illnesses, such as anxiety and depression....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

There is increasing evidence for an empiric link between late-life depression and Alzheimer disease (AD). The neuropathology of AD, previously only confirmed at autopsy, may now be detectable...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Activatable or “smart” magnetic resonance contrast agents have relaxivities that depend on environmental factors such as pH or enzymatic activity, but the MR signal depends on...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The electrical conductivity of ion-implanted films of Nylon 66, Polypropylene (PP), Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (Teflon) and mainly Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was determined by DC measurements at voltages up to 4500 V and compared with the corresponding values of pristine films. Measurements were made at 21/sup 0/C +/- 1/sup 0/C and 65 +/- 2% RH. The electrical conductivity of PET films implanted with F/sup +/, Ar/sup +/, or As/sup +/ ions at energies of 50 keV increases by seven orders of magnitude as the fluence increases from 1 x 10/sup 18/ to 1 x 10/sup 20/ ions/m/sup 2/. The conductivity of films implanted with As/sup +/ was approximately one order greater than those implanted with Ar/sup +/, which in turn was approximately one-half order greater than those implanted with F/sup +/. The conductivity of the most conductive film approx.1 S/m) was almost 14 orders of magnitude greater than the pristine PET film. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Translocator protein (TSPO) is upregulated in activated microglia and thus can serve as a marker of neuroinflammation. Recently, a novel radioligand, ¹¹C-N,N-diethyl-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethyl-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl]-acetamide...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Resistance to the extended-spectrum cephalosporins can occur in Salmonella species via the production of extended-spectrum and AmpC β-lactamases. We describe human infections...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The transport of radon in concrete takes place through the complicated network of interconnected pores that is, at any time, the result of the process of hydration of cement and of moisture distribution and transport. Initially the microstructure of concrete depends on the mix proportions and curing conditions, its time-evolution being conditioned by its surrounding environment. Radon transport will be consequently a function of time, as it is influenced by the changing microstructure (total porosity and its distribution) and by the amount and distribution of the moisture contained in the pore system. A selection of information from the large amount of literature available on concrete is presented in chapter 2. A model that describes the process of hydration, of microstructure development and of moisture transport is presented in chapter 3. The physics of radon diffusion in homogeneous porous materials is outlined in chapter 4. The coupling of the numerical implementation of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Modern imaging technologies visualize different aspects of disease in a non-invasive way. Considerable progress has been made in the fusion of images from different imaging modalities using software approaches. One goal of fusion software is to align anatomical and functional images and allow improved spatial localization of abnormalities. The resulting correlation of the anatomical and functional images may clarify the nature of the abnormality and help diagnose or stage the underlying disease. Whereas successful image fusion software has been developed for the brain, only limited success has been achieved for image alignment in other parts of the body. The development and current status of alternative approaches are presented. Dual-modality imaging is described with devices where two modalities are combined and mounted in a single gantry. The use of existing scanner technology ensures that no compromises are made in the clinical efficacy of either the anatomical or functional imaging ...

Wastenet

...it only highlights the different feedstocks used in the production of fiber-based packaging materials or fossil-fuel ones; what about the energy required to convert ...feedstock, is unacceptable in trying to quantify the overall burden a specific packaging material has on the environment. As an aside, the point ... Consequentially, it is difficult to speculate on how much packaging material a company diverts from the landfill by switching from one material to another ...without specifying what geographical region said packaging material resides in. In addition, there is a lot of interest in diverting PET thermoforms from ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We have measured the frequency-dependent dielectric function of semi-crystalline polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) in the terahertz region between 100?GHz and approximately 2.8?THz. A characteristic band is observed around 2.38?THz. The intensity of this band is a good indicator of the degree of crystallinity of the different samples. A potential assignment of this band is proposed, based on the comparison with spectroscopic data of the structurally very similar polyethylene terephtalate (PET). Furthermore, the frequency-dependent index of refraction of PBT reveals more insight about the morphology and different thermal history of the samples under investigation.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

For Monte Carlo simulations to be used as an alternative solution to perform scatter correction, accurate modelling of the scanner as well as speed is paramount. General-purpose Monte Carlo packages (Geant4, EGS, MCNP) allow a detailed description of the scanner but are not efficient at simulating voxel-based geometries (patient images). On the other hand, dedicated codes (SimSET, PETSIM) will perform well for voxel-based objects but will be poor in their capacity of simulating complex geometries such as a PET scanner. The approach adopted in this work was to couple a dedicated code (SimSET) with a general-purpose package (Geant4) to have the efficiency of the former and the capabilities of the latter. The combined SimSET+Geant4 code (SimG4) was assessed on the GE Advance PET scanner and compared to the use of SimSET only. A better description of the resolution and sensitivity of the scanner and of the scatter fraction was obtained with SimG4. ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Nonfunctioning pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs) are rare and generally asymptomatic. A 68-year-old woman who had refused treatment for a pancreatic mass, revealed by ultrasonography to be 55 mm in diameter, was referred to us again 29 months later with jaundice. Investigations showed an 82-mm tumor in the head of pancreas, exposed from the papilla of Vater to the duodenal lumen. After biliary decompression and drainage, we performed pancreatoduodenectomy with resection of the portal vein and superior mesenteric vein, followed by reconstruction using a cylindrically customized autologous graft harvested from the right ovarian vein. The tumor was resected curatively. Microscopically, it consisted of trabecular and ribbon-like arrangement of neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemical staining wa...

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Nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are widely used in cardiac diagnostics. Both techniques have been carefully evaluated and are equivalent for the assessment of regional and global wall motion as well as the evaluation of ejection fraction and cardiac volumes, though MRI is herein currently seen as gold standard. For evaluation of myocardial perfusion, extensive data exist for nuclear imaging, that, next to high diagnostic accuracy for evaluation of coronary artery disease, show incremental prognostic information and allow for independent risk stratification. Because of rapid technical advance, myocardial perfusion imaging has also become feasible with cardiac MRI. Results of recent studies are promising, but the data are few compared to perfusion scintigraphy. For viability assessment in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, positron emission tomography (PET) with FDG is currently seen as gold standard. However, single ...

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Aim: Today, MRI is an integral part of the presurgical evaluation of patients suffering from partial epilepsy. These patients frequently show focal morphological abnormalities with potential epileptogenic character and surgical resection of these lesions is associated with superior postsurgical outcome as to seizure frequency. Apart from easily detectable defects, such as post-traumatic lesions or cerebral infarction, as wide variety of mainly small abnormalities can be detected using MRI. Methods: In this study, 484 patients suffering from partial epilepsy of temporal or frontal onset were evaluated for the incidence of different lesions in this population. Results: All lesions found were included without evaluating their potential epileptogenicity, which remains to be proven using other procedures (EEG, SPECT, PET, etc.). Involvement of the hippocampal formation was a major finding in temporal lobe epilepsy, which could be detected as ...

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The ink jet printing technology is a relatively novel technique in development of organic electronic devices. The technique consists of working out depositions of organic layers by a piezo-based ink jet printer. In this work polymer conducting films deposited by ink jet printing technique on different plastic substrates has been demonstrated. The poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiofene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) [PEDOT/PSS] and glycerol-modified PEDOT/PSS [G-PEDOT/PSS] were used like conducting inks to be applied on polyester and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. By means of the change of substrate associated to the deposition number or type of polymer ink used for printing of the conducting films, the sheet resistance can be modified. Such a behavior suggests that plastic substrate fulfills an important role for the changing of sheet resistance of the PEDOT/PSS and G-PEDOT/PSS films made by ink jet printing technique. Films obtained from this technique on ...

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The effect of atmospheric pressure on tracking resistance of organic insulating materials were investigated in the range of 500 to 1007 hPa. The tracking resistance for Polycarbonate (PC), Modified Polyphenylene Oxide (M-PPO) and Paper Base Phenolic Resin Laminate (PL) increase with the decrease in atmospheric pressure. The scintillating discharges on these samples surface lead to the ignition. The tracking failure on these results from the ignition on the surface. For Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), the tracking resistance decrease with the decrease in atmospheric pressure. The discharges observed on the these surface are the glow-like. The discharge area spreads on the surface between the electrodes at the lower pressure. The failure on this group results from the carbonization by the discharges on the surface. However, the tracking resistance for Unsaturated Polyester Resins (UP) has no significant dependence on lower ...

CERN Document Server

The idea to couple the Treatment Planning System (TPS) to the information on the real boron distribution in the patient is the main added value of the new methodology set-up at DIMNP of University of Pisa, in collaboration with the JRC of Petten (NL). The methodology has been implemented in the new TPS, called BDTPS (Boron Distribution Treatment Planning System), which takes into account the actual boron distribution in the patient brain, while the standard TPS assumes a uniform boron distribution, absolutely far from the reality. Nowadays, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is able to provide this in vivo information. The new TPS, based on the Monte Carlo technique, has been validated comparing the main BNCT parameters (thermal flux, boron dose, etc.) as measured during the irradiation of a special heterogeneous boron phantom (HEBOM), ad hoc designed, as calculated by the BDTPS and by the standard TPS SERA. An evident SERA overestimation of the thermal neutron ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Primary standardisation was performed on a solution of "1"8F using the 4#pi##beta#-#gamma# coincidence counting efficiency-tracing extrapolation method with "6"0Co used as a tracer nuclide. The result was used to calibrate the ANSTO secondary standard ionisation chamber which is used to disseminate Australian activity standards for gamma emitters. Using the secondary activity standard for "1"8F, the Capintec CRC-712M dose calibrator at the Australian National Medical Cyclotron (NMC) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Quality Control (QC) Section was calibrated. The dial setting number recommended by the manufacturer for the measurement of the activity of "1"8F is 439. In this work, the dial setting numbers for the activity measurement of the solution of "1"8F in Wheaton vials were experimentally determined to be 443+/-12, 446+/-12, 459+/-11, 473+/-15 for 0.1, 1, 4.5 and 9ml solution volumes, respectively. The uncertainties given above are expanded uncertainties ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: Radiotherapy treatment planning (RTP) relies heavily on medical imaging. Until recently, the most important planning tool was the treatment simulator. The kilovoltage radiographic capabilities in a treatment simulator enabled the boundaries of treatment fields to be visualized with respect to bony anatomic landmarks. Perhaps the most important advance in treatment planning in recent years is the ability to visualize the passage of the beams with respect to a more accurate geometrical representation of the tumor and other soft tissue structures. This 'virtual simulation' uses a computer-based representation of a patient to determine the extent of the disease and the location of radiation sensitive normal tissue. Computer tomographic (CT) imaging produces a high-resolution three-dimensional representation of anatomy that can be correlated with other image sets such as magnetic resonance images (MRI) of function. Positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging ...

KoreaScience (Korea)

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PMID:6551109

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CERN Document Server

The study of antiprotons and positrons in cosmic rays with the PAMELA spectrometer

Science.gov (United States)

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDIES INTO THE MORPHOLOGY AND LOCALIZATION OF OMSK HEMORRHAGIC FEVER VIRUS IN INFECTED ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The study design included an in vivo laboratory study. The objective of the study is to quantify the kinematics of the lumbar spinous processes in asymptomatic patients during un-restricted functional...Full Text Available

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Brain Injuries, Traumatic

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CERN Document Server

Kelvin and Stokes

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short communication.

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short communication.

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Language: English ...

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... 1]. Results and Discussion A cross section of liquid feed direct borohydride fuel cell model was created and studied. The ...

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... by starting and remaining in that size hotel. Another early study, conducted by Nailon (1968) sampled three general managers ...

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I travelled to San Jose, Costa Rica on July 8, 1990 to evaluate all of the completed elements of the ongoing feasibility study for the San Lorenzo River hydroelectric project. The feasibility study is being supported by ORNL under the Renewable Energy Applications and Training Project. The project is being studied for implementation by CONELECTRICAS, a consortium of rural electric cooperatives and the study itself is being conducted by BEL Engineering, a Costa Rican consulting firm under contract to CONELECTRICAS, USAID/PIC and NRECA.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Geographic information systems (GIS) are being used with increasing frequency in environmental epidemiology studies. Reported applications include locating the study population by geocoding addresses...Full Text Available

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Geometrical structures and energetic properties for different tautomers of adenine are calculated in this study, using multi-configurational wave functions. Both the ground and the lowest singlet excited state potential energy surfaces are studied. Four t...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundThere have been dramatic changes in the approach to screening for aneuploidy over the last 20 years. However, the approach to screening for other complications of pregnancy...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Background and objectives: The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of ocular fundus pathology in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) study, a multicenter, longitudinal study...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundDepression is a common illness, often treated in primary care. Many studies have reported undertreatment with antidepressants in primary care. Recently, some studies also...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

OBJECTIVE. This study was conducted to determine whether an index for measuring quality of care for psychiatric emergencies is reliable and valid. DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING. The study used primary...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The authors studied noncancer mortality among phenoxyacid herbicide and chlorophenol production workers and sprayers included in an international study comprising 36 cohorts from 12 countries followed...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The objectives of this study were to examine the association between dietary factors and underweight and overweight adult Vietnamese living in the rural areas of Vietnam. A cross-sectional study of...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Experimental and imaging studies in monkeys have outlined various long association fiber bundles within the temporoparietal region. In the present study the trajectory of the middle longitudinal fascicle...Full Text Available

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Dimensional variability studies and published dimensional variability standards have been used by the foundry industry for years as an indicator of the casting process` ability to produce uniform parts. These studies are an extremely useful tool in the continuous ``dimensional dialogue`` between foundries and customers. The nature of these studies, and of the current tolerancing systems used by casting designers, leaves room for some misinterpretation and misuse of these study results. This paper contains two important discussions. The first part explains exactly what these studies represent. Following this is a brief explanation on dimensional and geometric tolerances and how they communicate dimensional requirements.

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The focus of the Chernobyl Studies Project has now turned to the issue of health effects from the Chernobyl accident. Currently, we are involved in and making progress on the case-control and co-hort studies of thyroid diseases among Belarussian children. Dosimetric aspects are a fundamental part of these studies. We are working to implement similar studies in Ukraine. A major part of the effort of these projects is supporting these studies, both by providing methods and applications of dose reconstruction and by providing support and equipment for the medical teams.

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A study of the electron beam dynamics in the linac is conducted for the FERMI free electron laser (FEL) founded for construction at the Sincrotrone Trieste

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Several randomized studies have been completed in prostate cancer that show a benefit to immediate postoperative treatment in patients undergoing prostatectomy. In one of the studies, there was even...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundSeveral studies have suggested an association between periodontal disease and prematurity but this finding has not been consistently observed.MethodsCase...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

ObjectiveCOMBINE is the largest study of pharmacotherapy for alcoholism in the United States to date, designed to answer questions about the benefits of combining...Full Text Available

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FT-IR spectroscopic studies of major organic matter in carbonaceous chondrites using microscopic technique and comparison with terrestrial kerogen. ...

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Fundamental study of heat transfer augmentation of tube inside surface by cascade smooth surface-turbulence promoters

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Field studies among diverse biomes demonstrate that nitrogen concentration (% N) at leaf- and canopy-scales is strongly related to carbon uptake and cycling ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

General mechanisms of radiation damage to biomolecules was studied by using substituted pyrimidines, particularly barbituric acid derivatives.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes and wound complications in coccygectomy with or without subperiosteal resection. This retrospective study included 25 patients who underwent...Full Text Available

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Studies were conducted in northern Bohemia to simultaneously evaluate personal exposures to air pollution in the form of respirable particles containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and biomarkers...Full Text Available

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... 15 minutes Time lapse video Time Lapse Recorder (Panasonic) SVHS 4-seconds

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... 2007, 80 ?. 5. ?????? ?.?. Visual Basic-6.0, ??????, 2000, 449 ?. ????

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... Descriptors : *QUEUEING THEORY, *APPROXIMATION ... MODELS, OPTIMIZATION, STOCHASTIC PROCESSES ... Categories : TERMINAL FLIGHT ...

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PMID:20205743

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Treatment Induced Hypertension

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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PMID:21732206

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International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The research of the CELLO collaboration is reviewed. After a description of the CELLO detector tests of QCD and hadronic final states by determination of the strong coupling constant and studies of inclusive production of electrons and muons in multihadronic events in e"+e"- annihilation are described. Then studies of deep inelastic e#gamma# scattering with lepton pair production and the study of the structure function of the photon are briefly described. Finally studies on QED processes are described together with tau decays. (HSI).

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Acute Wounds

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This paper deals with dynamic study of co-generator system with derived dynamic models of generator, excitation system, and turbine/governor from field tests. Mainly this study concentrates on frequency control by under-frequency relay. We simulates dynamic study of co-generator system using EMTDC. (author). 4 refs., 13 figs., 4 tabs.

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DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Feb

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The transformation of two different types of glial cells has been studied using an in vivo-/in vitro model and a complete in vitro model. The purpose of the study and to define in vitro model systems is to study the the neoplastic transformation of pure populations of glial cells. Data are presented to demonstrate that the transformed cells are glial and tumorigenic. (ACR)

Science.gov (United States)

-Ecophysiological and floristic study of the lichen communities in .... Plasticity of the Lichen Catillaria corymbosa in Different Microhabitats of the ...

Wastenet

Environmental Study/Action Team (NEST), UIPO Box 22025, Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria ; tel/fax: +234 (

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Short communication. 12 refs., 1 fig.

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... crystals and polycrystals. Nevertheless, explosive forming, magnetic forming, etc., are all high-strain-rate processes that ...

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Czech Academy of Sciences Repository

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Medline Plus

... 2009) Arrhythmia Electrophysiological Study and Catheter Ablation with 3D Mapping (Mercy Hospital, Miami, FL, 11/15/2007) ...

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Research conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory under the Coastal Meteorology and Diffusion Research Program from 1972 to 1983 is summarized by the following study areas: Diffusion Studies, Boundary Layer Studies, Coastal Meteorology Studies, Air-Sea Interaction Studies, Coastal Transport and Diffusion Climatology, Seabreeze Modeling and Instrument Development, all supported by the US Department of Energy. Studies supported by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the National Science Foundation and the American Petroleum Institute are also described. A summary of a Workshop on Coastal Atmospheric Transport Processes, an account of studies in progress, recommendations for future research and a description of facilities and instrumentation available are also included. A list of all publications and presentations prepared as part of the ...