dairy heifers role: Topics by WorldWideScience.org

The associations between milk production, milk composition and Salmonella in the bulk milk supplies of dairy farms in Ontario.

A clinical trial was conducted to determine whether prepartum intramammary pirlimycin reduces the proportion of nulliparous heifers with intramammary infection (IMI) during early lactation and improves...Full Text Available

2007-10-01

3

Temporal trends in reproductive performance in Irish dairy herds and associated risk factors

The purpose of this study was to assess changes in dairy herd milk production and milk composition associated with changes in Salmonella contamination of bulk milk on dairy farms in southwestern Ontario....Full Text Available

1989-04-01

4

Irish dairy herd fertility has been declining since the 1980s. The extent, nature and causes of this decline in fertility and the current status of Irish dairy herd fertility were described....Full Text Available

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Acne, dairy and cancer

Effects of season and body condition score on lipid metabolism and oxidative status of periparturient dairy cows

A potent link to dairy seems to exist for three hormone-responsive glands. Acne, breast cancer and prostate cancer have all been linked epidemiologically to dairy intake. Although mechanisms postulated...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

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The relationship among current management systems, production, disease and drug usage on Ontario dairy farms.

No abstract prepared.

2005-07-01

7

Reproduction in three genetic lines of dairy cattle housed a total confinement system.

The study involved 110 randomly selected dairy farms located in the Ontario, Canada counties of Bruce, Grey, Huron, Oxford, Perth, Waterloo and Wellington. Herds were classified as "intensive" and "extensive"....Full Text Available

1986-01-01

8

Reproducibility of pulmonary mechanics measurements in dairy cattle.

Dairy cattle of three genetic lines maintained year round in total confinement (either in loose housing or tie stall barn) were monitored for estrous cycle activity and reproductive performance. Only...Full Text Available

1981-10-01

9

Pulmonary structure and function in adult dairy cows with an expanded lung field.

The reproducibility of pulmonary mechanics measurements in dairy cattle was examined using two study designs. In design A measurements were made with six cows on two days, and in design B measurements...Full Text Available

1988-07-01

10

Prevention of clinical coliform mastitis in dairy cows by a mutant Escherichia coli vaccine.

Pulmonary function tests were performed on seven adult dairy cows with an expanded lung field (ExLF) and the results were compared to the values from seven cows with normal lung fields. The cows with...Full Text Available

1991-01-01

11

Peripartal changes in serum alkaline phosphatase activity and lactate dehydrogenase activity in dairy cows.

A prospective cohort study was undertaken in two commercial California dairies. The treatment group, 246 cows, received three doses of a whole cell bacterin of J5 Escherichia coli (mutant of E. coli...Full Text Available

1989-07-01

12

Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling Milk Production in Dairy Cattle by Exploiting Progeny Testing

Peripartal serum alkaline phosphatase activity and lactate dehydrogenase activity were measured in 30 dairy cows in order to examine the association between retained fetal membranes and enzyme activity....Full Text Available

1987-10-01

13

Interrelationships between ambient temperature, age at calving, postpartum reproductive events and reproductive performance in dairy cows: a path analysis.

We have exploited ``progeny testing'' to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying the genetic variation of milk production in a selected dairy cattle population. A total of 1,518 sires, with progeny...Full Text Available

1995-02-01

14

Incidence and Diversity of Potentially Highly Heat-Resistant Spores Isolated at Dairy Farms

Path analysis was used to determine the interrelationships between ambient temperature, age at calving, postpartum reproductive events and reproductive performance in dairy cows. The data used in the...Full Text Available

1985-07-01

15

Implementation and use of a microcomputer-based management information system to monitor dairy herd performance

The presence of highly heat-resistant spores of Bacillus sporothermodurans in ultrahigh-temperature or sterilized consumer milk has emerged as an important item in the dairy industry....Full Text Available

2005-03-01

16

Gene expression patterns in four brain areas associate with quantitative measure of estrous behavior in dairy cows

A microcomputer-based herd management information system was implemented as part of the herd health program provided to 13 dairy clients by the Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph. The...Full Text Available

1992-02-01

17

Endometrial biopsy in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. III. Bacteriological analysis and correlations with histological findings.

BackgroundThe decline noticed in several fertility traits of dairy cattle over the past few decades is of major concern. Understanding of the genomic factors underlying fertility,...Full Text Available

18

Endometrial biopsy in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. II. Correlations between histological criteria.

This study examines the results of bacterial culture from 159 endometrial biopsy samples from 97 commercial dairy cows and correlations between bacteriological and histological findings. Bacteria were...Full Text Available

1991-04-01

19

Effects of gonadotrophin releasing hormone on reproductive performance of dairy cows with retained placenta.

Endometrial biopsies were taken for histological assessment from 97 cows which calved in a commercial dairy herd between April and August 1984. The main objectives of this study were to analyze the...Full Text Available

1991-04-01

20

Effects of bovine leukemia virus infection on production and reproduction in dairy cattle.

The effects of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) on the reproductive performance of dairy cows with retained placenta were studied. Three hundred and seventy-eight cows diagnosed as having retained...Full Text Available

1984-10-01

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Comparison of ante-mortem assays to assess progression/regression of paratuberculosis in individual dairy animals

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection on production, reproduction and longevity in dairy cattle. The study population was a commercial Holstein...Full Text Available

1992-10-01

22

Associations between dairy production indices and lipoarabinomannan enzyme-immunoassay results for paratuberculosis.

Johne disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium, subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is becoming increasingly widespread on dairy farms worldwide, due in part, to the absence...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

23

A field study on the effects of dietary monensin on milk production and milk composition in dairy cows

Data from an epidemiological study in Ontario, involving 304 dairy herds, were used to identify associations between selected production indices and lipoarabinomannan antigen serological test results...Full Text Available

1991-10-01

24

Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis: a review.

The objectives of this study were to quantify the effect of 16 ppm of dietary monensin on milk production and composition of dairy cows, and to investigate factors having a potential impact on this...Full Text Available

2010-04-01

25

Space Food and Nutrition pdf - Space Shuttle Experience - NASA

Streptococcus agalactiae continues to be a major cause of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle and a source of economic loss for the industry. Veterinarians are often asked to provide information on...Full Text Available

1997-07-01

26

Yellow cake with chocolate frosting. Dairy: Ice cream, chocolate. Ice cream, strawberry. Ice cream, vanilla. Yogurt, frozen ...

27

Endometrial biopsy in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. I. Technique, histological criteria and results.

An epidemiological study about mastitis in French dairy herds, supported by an ecopathological survey is described. The aim of this work was to explain variations of the annual frequencies of...Full Text Available

1986-03-01

28

Effects of 2 commercially-available 9-way killed vaccines on milk production and rectal temperature in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows.

Endometrial biopsies were taken for histological assessment from 97 cows which calved in a commercial dairy herd between April and August 1984. Sixty-two cows were biopsied at both day 26 and 40 postpartum,...Full Text Available

1991-04-01

29

An evaluation of the multiple-breath nitrogen washout as a pulmonary function test in dairy cattle.

Veterinarians and farmers employing multivalent killed vaccines in lactating dairy cows have reported transient losses in milk production. Few studies have quantified this loss. In this report, effects...Full Text Available

2001-10-01

30

Influence of weather on the behaviour of outdoor-wintered beef cattle in Scandinavia

Multiple-breath nitrogen washouts (MBNW) were performed with 21 adult dairy cows (seven normal cows tested on two days each, four clinically normal cows tested on six days, and ten cows with respiratory...Full Text Available

1989-04-01

31

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of weather and available protection on the behaviour of outdoor-wintered beef cattle (Bos taurus). A herd of 78-85 cattle head was studied during four winter months in the Southwest of Sweden. Protection was offered by coniferous forest situated on and around the 12ha pasture, which we divided into protection categories. During 240h we observed 10 cows and 10 heifers as focal animals (each 3h/month) during day time and adjusted observation times to the altitude of the sun. Close to the animals and at an unprotected spot of the pasture we measured temperature, wind speed and solar radiation and combined these variables to a single measure called Wind Chill Temperature (WCT). During observations the animals were in the forest in 12...

2011-01-01

32

Why is it getting more difficult to successfully artificially inseminate dairy cows?*

Transmission of Salmonella mbandaka to cattle from contaminated feed.

Successfully using artificial insemination (AI) is defined as getting cows pregnant when the farmer wants them in-calf and making the best use of appropriate genetic potential. Over the past...Full Text Available

2008-08-01

33

The relationship between herd level disease incidence and a return over feed index in Ontario dairy herds

Salmonella mbandaka was isolated from cattle on three dairy farms. The duration of infection was less than four weeks and none of the animals became clinically ill. The animals had all consumed a diet...Full Text Available

1982-04-01

34

The Canadian Beef Industry

The objective of the current research was to examine the association of herd level disease incidence with the return over feed (ROF) (milk income minus feed cost) herd profit index offered through Canwest...Full Text Available

2006-08-01

35

Secretion of alpha-hemolysin by bovine mammary isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.

The cattle industry in Canada has changed greatly over the past several decades. Size of the national dairy herd has reduced steadily but this reduction has been more than offset by an increase in...Full Text Available

1980-02-01

36

No Effect of a Homeopathic Preparation on Neonatal Calf Diarrhoea in a Randomised Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

A total of 262 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the mammary gland of dairy cows were examined for the production of alpha-hemolysin. Strains were cultured in a liquid medium of casein...Full Text Available

1992-07-01

37

Milk residues and performance of lactating dairy cows administered high doses of monensin

A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of a homeopathic treatment of neonatal calf diarrhoea was performed using 44 calves in 12 dairy herds. Calves with spontaneously derived diarrhoea were...Full Text Available

2003-01-01

38

Milk fever and alert downer cows: Does hypophosphatemia affect the treatment response?

AbstractMilk residues and performance were evaluated in lactating cows that were fed up to 10 times the recommended dose of monensin. Following an acclimatization period of 14 d, during...Full Text Available

2005-07-01

39

Lameness, Activity Time-Budgets, and Estrus Expression in Dairy Cattle

The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to identify factors that place a dairy cow with uncomplicated milk fever (MF) at significant risk of becoming an alert downer cow (ADC) and to verify...Full Text Available

2007-05-01

40

Interrelationships between postpartum events, hormonal therapy, reproductive abnormalities and reproductive performance in dairy cows: a path analysis.

The aim of the present study was to identify specific behavioral patterns that contribute to diminished estrus expression in lame cows. Behavioral scan and focal sampling were used to examine...Full Text Available

2008-12-01

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Illthrift in Suckling Lambs Secondary to Umbilical Infections and Possible Implication of Cryptosporidiosis as a Risk Factor

Path analysis was used to determine the interrelationships between postpartum administration of gonadotrophin releasing hormone and cloprostenol and the occurrence of reproductive disease and reproductive...Full Text Available

1985-07-01

42

Identification of immune genes and proteins involved in the response of bovine mammary tissue to Staphylococcus aureus infection

Illthrift was observed in 20/60 lambs aged 40–45 days in a dairy sheep flock in Greece. Cryptosporidiosis had been diagnosed and successfully treated with halofuginone lactate a month earlier....Full Text Available

43

Effects of Essential Oils on Ruminal Microorganisms and Their Protein Metabolism

BackgroundMastitis in dairy cattle results from infection of mammary tissue by a range of micro-organisms but principally coliform bacteria and Gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus...Full Text Available

44

Effect of Anionic Salt and Highly Fermentable Carbohydrate Supplementations on Urine pH and on Experimentally Induced Hypocalcaemia in Cows

A commercial blend of essential oil (EO) compounds was added to a grass, maize silage, and concentrate diet fed to dairy cattle in order to determine their influence on protein metabolism by ruminal...Full Text Available

2003-08-01

45

Development of farmer field school methodology for smallholder dairy farmers

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of dietary grain on calcium homeostasis. Six rumen-fistulated dairy cows with 3 or more previous lactations and no history of parturient...Full Text Available

2004-01-01

46

Environmental Research Database

SummaryIntended Outputs: Farmers' priorities in dairy health and production in the smallholder crop dairy production system defined.Methodology for applying FFS approach in the AH/LP setting developed, tested and promoted.Impact assessment of the livestock FFS approach.Establishment of a plan of action for the large-scale implementation including proposals for the Government of Kenya to seek funding.Livestock FFS manual: guidelines and reference material suitable for [continued...]ObjectivesTo adapt and test Farmer Field School (FFS) methodology for animal health and production, focussing upon smallholder dairy farmers.DescriptionProject Background: Dissemination has traditionally been seen by research and extension as finding effective ways of transferring technology, and passing on relevant, usable information to farmers. In complex situations, where farmers need to adjust to a changing situation -such as crop protection, ...

2006-01-30

47

Changes in Tetracycline Susceptibility of Enteric Bacteria following Switching to Nonmedicated Milk Replacer for Dairy Calves?

Attitudes and expectations of producers to the use of a microcomputer-based management information system to monitor dairy herd performance

A randomized intervention study was conducted to determine if discontinuing use of calf milk replacer medicated with oxytetracycline results in increased tetracycline susceptibility in Salmonella...Full Text Available

2008-06-01

48

An outbreak of sand impaction in postpartum dairy cows

The attitudes and expectations of producers toward the use of a microcomputer-based herd management information system were assessed. The study was conducted over a two-year period, beginning in January...Full Text Available

1992-02-01

49

The use and value of information systems as evaluated by dairy and specialty crop farm managers.

Twenty-two cases of indigestion occurred in a 650-cow herd. Five cows had severe sand abomasal impaction, diagnosed by laparotomy. The pH of prepartum cows’ urine was < 6.0 and of sand...Full Text Available

2007-10-01

50

Mapping quantitative trait loci controlling milk production in dairy cattle by exploiting progeny testing

Little recent research is available about where specific types of farm managers search for information about better production practices. The objective of this study was to investigate what information sources managers used and how they rated the usefulness of each source. The authors administered mail questionnaires to probability samples from sampling frames they developed for four groups: dairy and fresh market vegetable producers from Wisconsin and berry and nursery producers from a multistate region. Questionnaire items asked operation managers to check off, from a list of information sources, those that they used in the last year to learn about new equipment or procedures to improve their operations and then to rate the usefulness of each source. In the last year, nursery, dairy, and berry managers most often used information from print media (63% to 84%), followed by other farmers (50% to 80%). Fresh market vegetable growers used ...

2009-01-01

51

Comparison of intrinsic and extrinsic tracer methods for estimating calcium bioavailability to rats from dairy foods

We have exploited {open_quotes}progeny testing{close_quotes} to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying the genetic variation of milk production in a selected dairy cattle population. A total of 1,518 sires, with progeny tests based on the milking performances of >150,000 daughters jointly, was genotyped for 159 autosomal microsatellites bracketing 1645 centimorgan or approximately two thirds of the bovine genome. Using a maximum likelihood multilocus linkage analysis accounting for variance heterogeneity of the phenotypes, we identified five chromosomes giving very strong evidence (LOD score {ge} 3) for the presence of a QTL controlling milk production: chromosomes 1, 6, 9, 10 and 20. These findings demonstrate that loci with considerable effects on milk production are still segregating in highly selected populations and pave the way toward marker-assisted selection in dairy cattle breeding. 44 refs., 4 figs., 3 tabs.

1995-02-01

52

Role-based access control

Dairy products doubly labeled with 45Ca and 47Ca were used to evaluate an extrinsic labeling procedure for calcium bioavailability determination. Nonfat milk, yogurt, and fresh cheese curd were prepared from caprine milk that was intrinsically labeled with 45Ca. The products were then labeled extrinsically with 47Ca and administered to rats by gavage. The 47Ca to 45Ca ratio in bone and teeth averaged about 1.00 with either milk, yogurt, or CaCl2, but the ratio was about 1.04 when dosed with cheese curd. Ca absorption, determined by whole-body counting of 47Ca, was lower (P less than 0.05) in cheese curd (59%) than in either milk (69%), yogurt (72%), or CaCl2 (72%). Expressed as percent of dose, the absorption of 47Ca was highly correlated with bone 47Ca (r = 0.973) and with bone 45Ca (r = 0.946). Correlation between tibia 47Ca and tibia 45Ca was r = 0.923. For the dairy products tested, our results indicated that extrinsic 47Ca was absorbed ...

53

On Essential Incompleteness of Hertz's Experiments on Propagation of Electromagnetic Interactions

Role-based access control

2007-01-01

54

Genetic markers for lactation persistency in primiparous Australian dairy cows

The historical background of the 19th century electromagnetic theory is revisited from the standpoint of the opposition between alternative approaches in respect to the problem of interactions. The 19th century electrodynamics became the battle-field of a paramount importance to test existing conceptions of interactions. Hertz's experiments were designed to bring a solid experimental evidence in favor of one of them. The modern scientific method applied to analyze Hertz's experimental approach as well as the analysis of his laboratory notes, dairy and private letters show that Hertz's "\\textit{crucial}" experiments cannot be considered as conclusive at many points as it is generally implied. We found that alternative Helmholtz's electrodynamics did not contradict any of Hertz's experimental observations of transverse components as Maxwell's theory predicted. Moreover, as we now know from recently published Hertz's dairy and private notes, his ...

2005-01-01

55

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Good performance in extended lactations of dairy cattle may have a beneficial effect on food costs, health, and fertility. Because data for extended lactation performance is scarce, lactation persistency has been suggested as a suitable selection criterion. Persistency phenotypes were calculated in several ways: P1 was yield relative to an approximate peak, P2 was the slope after peak production, and P3 was a measure derived to be phenotypically uncorrelated to yield and calculated as a function of linear regressions on test-day deviations of days in milk. Phenotypes P1, P2, and P3 were calculated for sires as solutions estimated from a random regression model fitted to milk yield. Because total milk yield, calculated as the sum of daily sire solutions, was correlated to P1 and P2 (r=0.30 ...

2010-01-01

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Evaluation of enteric methane prediction equations for dairy cows used in whole farm models

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract The importance of evaluating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from dairy cows within the whole farm setting is being realized as more important than evaluating these emissions in isolation. Current whole farm models aimed at evaluating GHG emissions make use of simple regression equations to predict enteric methane (CH4) production. The objective of the current paper is to evaluate the performance of nine CH4 prediction equations that are currently being used in whole farm GHG models. Data used to evaluate the prediction equations came from a collection of individual (IND) and treatment averaged (TRT) data. Equations were compared based on mean square prediction error (MSPE) and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) analysis. In general, predictions were poor, with root MSPE (as...

2010-01-01

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A Bayesian approach to analyze energy balance data from lactating dairy cows

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The objective of the present investigation was to develop a Bayesian framework for updating and integrating covariate information into key parameters of metabolizable energy (ME) systems for dairy cows. The study addressed specifically the effects of genetic improvements and feed quality on key parameters in current ME systems. These are net and metabolizable energy for maintenance (NEM and MEM, respectively), efficiency of utilization of ME for milk production (kL) and growth (kG), and efficiency of utilization of body stores for milk production (kT). Data were collated from 38 studies, yielding 701 individual cow observations on milk energy, ME intake, and tissue gain and loss. A function based on a linear relationship between milk energy and ME intake and correcting for tissue energy lo...

2011-01-01

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Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin D Is Secreted in Milk and Stimulates Specific Antibody Responses in Cows in the Course of Experimental Intramammary Infection

Is there a role for financial investors in carbon markets?

An enterotoxin D (SED)-producing strain of Staphylococcus aureus was used to infect one mammary gland of each of 17 lactating dairy cows. All glands became infected and shed bacteria...Full Text Available

2006-06-01

59

Transforming anaerobic digestion with the Model T of digesters

No abstract prepared.

2009-07-01

60

Radioimmunoassay determination of the effect on animal reproduction of alternative of feeding suplementation in dairy cows

Most livestock farmers in the United States do not take advantage of anaerobic digester technology because of the high cost and large scale. These limitations therefore reduce the production of renewable energy from farmlands. In order to expand anaerobic digestion methods and improve environmental quality, affordable and smaller-scale digesters should be developed to enable most livestock farmers to convert manure to methane. Doing so would improve their economic efficiency and environmental sustainability. This paper provided an analogy to the development of the Model T to better explain the need and potential for this technology. A modified fixed-dome digester was installed on the Ohio State University dairy in Columbus, Ohio. The digester was unheated, buried, had a volume of 1 m{sup 3} and received diluted dairy manure as feedstock. Biogas was produced at digester temperatures as low 10 degrees C during colder ambient temperatures. Water ...

2010-07-01

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Anaerobic digestion and related best management practices : utilizing life cycle assessment

The principal object of this trial was to evaluate the influence of three alternatives of feeding suplementation in dairy cows in the post-partum period in ecuadorian highlands. Thirty sic animals in fist lactation were used in this experiment and were divided in three groups according to the feed intake: Group A diet was 5 Kg. of a commercial concentrate mixture with 12 per cent of crude protein plus pasture ad libitum; Group B diet was green banans (Musa paradisiaca) and pasture and Group C diet was the control only pasture. Using Radioimmunoassay technique (RIA), progesterone values were determinated in milk from each cow. the sampling was sequential, two samples a week, starting 6 days after parturition, until the animal was pregnant or until the study was finished, 150 days after post-partum for each cow. This research allowed us to evaluate the ovaric post-partum activity of each group: Frequency and length of the oestrus cycles; efficiency of oestrus ...

62

Development of bioenergy technology for rural micro mills production of milk, ice and bio fertilizer; Desenvolvimento de tecnologia de bioenergia rural para micro usinas de producao de leite, gelo e bio fertilizante

This paper reported on a life cycle assessment (LCA) study that compared the environmental impacts of business-as-usual manure management with those of a manure management operation incorporating anaerobic digestion with combined heat and power generation. The case study was based on a medium sized dairy farm in northern New York State. The study identified the benefits resulting from the displacement of fossil fuels, and reduction of related emissions. Although anaerobic digestion of dairy manure with energy recovery through biogas combustion is viewed as a positive environmental approach to increase the use of renewable energy, there are potential negative impacts that can counteract the environmental benefits. The negative impacts are associated with emissions of methane and nitrogen species during digestion and after spreading of digester effluent. The environmental impacts and their causes should be evaluated in order to promote best ...

2010-07-01

63

[Role of the radiohepatography and liver scanning in diagnosis of chronic alcoholic hepatitis].

The generation of thermal energy is the great importance for the agribusiness of dairy industry to conservation the quality of milk, taking into account that the electricity is the main source currently used for the thermal energy input. The small agribusiness dairy industry currently practiced in Brazil faces several problems related to the cost of electricity and the distance of rural properties of networks of power. In the current scenario of Brazilian dairy production, there is need for the generation of cold for the milk cooling, and also the heat for the production of hot water around 50 deg C to 60 deg C and also for cleaning of equipment used for milk production and processing. The main objective of this study is the modeling and simulation of integrated recovery process of solid waste, effluents and bioconversion. The specific project objectives are: comparison study of options and technological routes of low cost ...

2008-07-01

64

The role of maternal immunity for prevention of allergy in offspring

PMID:339527

1977-09-01

65

Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

Full Text Available

66

Redefining the health information management privacy and security role.

Housing and capital accumulation : on the role of taxes

PMID:20052319

2009-09-16

67

Norwegian Open Research Archives (NORA)

Full Text Available

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Complementary roles of PET and MR spectroscopy in the management of brain tumors

Waste disposal and treatment in the food processing industry. (Latest citations from the Biobusiness database). Published Search

Short communication.

1990-12-01

69

Understanding consumption-related sucralose emissions - A conceptual approach combining substance-flow analysis with sampling analysis

The bibliography contains citations concerning waste treatment and disposal in the food processing industry. Methods, equipment, and technology are considered. References discuss waste heat recovery and examine treatment of wastes resulting from meat and seafood processing, dairy and beverage production, and fruit and vegetable processing. The citations explore conversion of the treated waste to fertilizer and for use in animal feeds, combustion for energy production, biogas production, and composting. The recovery and recycling of usable chemicals from the food waste are also covered. Food packaging recycling is considered in a related bibliography. (Contains 250 citations and includes a subject term index and title list.)

1995-01-01

70

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper explores the potential of combining substance-flow modelling with water and wastewater sampling to trace consumption-related substances emitted through the urban wastewater. The method is exemplified on sucralose. Sucralose is a chemical sweetener that is 600 times sweeter than sucrose and has been on the European market since 2004. As a food additive, sucralose has recently increased in usage in a number of foods, such as soft drinks, dairy products, candy and several dietary products. In a field campaign, sucralose concentrations were measured in the inflow and outflow of the local wastewater treatment plant in Linkoping, Sweden, as well as upstream and downstream of the receiving stream and in Lake Roxen. This allows the loads emitted from the city to be estimated. A method c...

2010-01-01

71

Radiation treatment for sterilization of packaging materials

QTL mapping in outbred half-sib families using Bayesian model selection.

Treatment with gamma and electron radiation is becoming a common process for the sterilization of packages, mostly made of natural or synthetic plastics, used in the aseptic processing of foods and pharmaceuticals. The effect of irradiation on these materials is crucial for packaging engineering to understand the effects of these new treatments. Packaging material may be irradiated either prior to or after filling. The irradiation prior to filling is usually chosen for dairy products, processed food, beverages, pharmaceutical, and medical device industries in the United States, Europe, and Canada. Radiation effects on packaging material properties still need further investigation. This paper summarizes the work done by different groups and discusses recent developments in regulations and testing procedures in the field of packaging technology.

2007-08-01

72

Transformation and Transition: DARPA's Role in Fostering an ...

In this article, we propose a model selection method, the Bayesian composite model space approach, to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) in a half-sib population for continuous and binary traits. In our method, the identity-by-descent-based variance component model is used. To demonstrate the performance of this model, the method was applied to map QTL underlying production traits on BTA6 in a Chinese half-sib dairy cattle population. A total of four QTLs were detected, whereas only one QTL was identified using the traditional least square (LS) method. We also conducted two simulation experiments to validate the efficiency of our method. The results suggest that the proposed method based on a multiple-QTL model is efficient in mapping multiple QTL for an outbred half-sib population and is more powerful than the LS method based on a single-QTL model. PMID:21487433

2011-04-13

73

Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings

Transformation and Transition: DARPA's Role in Fostering an Emerging Revolution ... IDA Paper P-3698 Transformation and Transition: DARPA's ...

2003-11-01

74

Recognizing Signposts: Anticipating the Future Role of the ...

Role of organic acids in promoting colloidal transport of mercury from mine tailings

2005-01-01

75

Projected change in climate thresholds in the Northeastern U.S.: implications for crops, pests, livestock, and farmers

... The second section describes the role and functions of a corps as a joint task force headquarters and uses Operation Uphold Democracy ...

2011-05-19

76

T lymphocytes in aortic and coronary intimas. Their potential role in atherogenesis.

Most prior climate change assessments for U.S. agriculture have focused on major world food crops such as wheat and maize. While useful from a national and global perspective, these results are not particularly relevant to the Northeastern U.S. agriculture economy, which is dominated by dairy milk production, and high-value horticultural crops such as apples (Malus domestica), grapes (vitis vinifera), sweet corn (Zea mays var. rugosa), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), and maple syrup (sugar maple, Acer saccharum). We used statistically downscaled climate projections generated by the HadCM3 atmosphere-ocean general circulation model, run with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change future emissions scenarios Alfi (higher) and B1 (lower), to evaluate several climate thresholds of direct relevance to agriculture in the region. A longer (frostfree) growing season could create new opportunities for farmers with enough capital to take risks on new crops ...

2008-07-01

77

Role of mast cells in the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

In order to investigate the role of mononuclear cells in infiltrates during the initial stages of atherogenesis, the authors have studied by immunohistochemical methods the aortas and coronary vessels...Full Text Available

1988-02-01

78

Overall evaluation of training programmes and processes. Role of evaluation in the QA process

To examine the possibility that mast cells have a central role in the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, 20 patients with this disease were studied with the aim of seeking evidence for mast...Full Text Available

1987-08-01

79

A Critical Reassessment of the Role of Mitochondria in Tumorigenesis

Different aspects of overall evaluation of training programmes and processes as well as role of evaluation in the quality assurance process are considered.

1994-03-21

80

Potential for energy production and use from biogas in Brazil; Potencial de aproveitamento energetico do biogas no Brasil

BackgroundMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is being analyzed by an increasing number of laboratories in order to investigate its potential role as an active marker of tumorigenesis...Full Text Available

2005-11-01

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81

Milk yield and quality in Guernsey cows fed cottonseed cake-based diets partially substituted with baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) seed cake

Biogas, produced from anaerobic digestion of organic matter in domestic, industrial and rural wastewaters and residuals, represent an alternative and renewable source of energy, with growing use worldwide. In Brazil, high population and its spatial concentration and expressive agricultural and agricultural-industrial production indicate a substantial potential of biogas production. The results presented in this work show a potential of biogas production of almost 2 billion cubic feet a day of CH{sub 4}. Viability of biogas production and use depends substantially on project scale. Generally, biogas projects are viable from landfills and domestic wastewater treatment for populations higher than 50,000 inhabitants and swine and dairy farms with at least 5,000 and 1,000 animals, respectively. Biogas is also competitive when compared to fossil fuels used in industry and transport. Despite incentive mechanisms for biogas production and use, like Clean Development ...

2009-12-15

82

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of partially substituting cottonseed cake with graded levels of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) seed cake (BSC) on milk yield and quality in Guernsey cows. Sixteen cows in mid-lactation and in their third parity were allocated to diets containing 0% (control), 5%, 10%, and 15% BSC in a completely randomized design. Each cow was given a daily feed ration of 6?kg and a basal diet of soya bean stover ad libitum. There were no differences in daily feed intake (P?>?0.05), but basal intake differed among all treatment groups with cows on the control diet having the highest intake (30???0.34?kg/day). Mean daily milk yield differed (P?P?P?P?P?>?0.05). These results indicate that BSC can substitute soya bean cake in dairy diets, but milk produ...

2011-01-01

83

The role of succinylcholine in the prevention of the obturator nerve reflex during transurethral resection of bladder tumors.

The Role of Opioid Receptor on the Analgesic Action of Intrathecal Sildenafil in Rats

PMID:18454211

2008-05-01

84

The Role of Na-Montmorillonite on Thermal Characteristics and Morphology of Electrospun PAN Nanofibers

Full Text Available

2007-06-01

85

Role of hormone and nutrition in radiation-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis

Full Text Available

2010-08-01

86

Role of congenital rubella reference laboratory: 21-months-surveillance in Liguria, Italy.

Published in summary form only.

87

Role of B2 Adrenergic Receptors in Labor Pain

PMID:20812517

2009-12-01

88

On the Asymmetrical Role of Intrinsic Defects in the Complementary/Opposing Oxide Formation/Dissolution Reactions.

Pain; Pain Threshold; Labour Pain

2010-10-01

89

Czech Academy of Sciences Repository

Full Text Available

1994-01-01

90

Obsidian under fire: considering the role of raw material variation in obsidian hydration analysis

Neutrino processes and pair formation in massive stars and supernovae.

No abstract prepared.

2000-07-01

91

NO Generation from Inorganic Nitrate and Nitrite: Role in Physiology, Nutrition and Therapeutics

Neutrino processes role in star evolution and onset of supernovae explosion

1964-01-01

92

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery

Full Text Available

2009-08-01

93

Medline Plus

... There has been a role for placement of yttrium or radioactive phosphorous in a tumor called craniopharyngioma, ...

94

Further Evidence for the Role of Cantharidin in the Mating Behaviour of Blister Beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae)

Formation and role of the community for water chemistry engineering in Japan

Full Text Available

2007-12-01

95

Distinct roles for dystroglycan, beta1 integrin and perlecan in cell surface laminin organization.

... 1343-3563 v. 57(1) SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED

2011-01-01

96

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Udgivelsesdato: 2001-Mar

2001-01-01

97

Climate Change: The Role of Particles and Gases

ScienceCinema

...global warming ...the effects of global warming ...also the ? that global warming ...

98

Transcriptomic analysis supports similar functional roles for the two thymuses of the tammar wallaby

Thermodynamic and structural analysis of microtubule assembly: the role of GTP hydrolysis.

BackgroundThe thymus plays a critical role in the development and maturation of T-cells. Humans have a single thoracic thymus and presence of a second thymus is considered an anomaly....Full Text Available

99

The role of the social worker in the accident and emergency department of a district general hospital

Different models have been proposed that link the tubulin heterodimer nucleotide content and the role of GTP hydrolysis with microtubule assembly and dynamics. Here we compare the thermodynamics of...Full Text Available

1997-03-01

100

The Role of an Online Community for People With a Rare Disease: Content Analysis of Messages Posted on a Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Mailinglist

This is a retrospective study of the development of the social worker role within the multi-disciplinary team setting of the Accident and Emergency (A&E) Department at Burnley General Hospital...Full Text Available

1994-03-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

101

The Medical Library Association: promoting new roles for health information professionals

BackgroundThis study focuses on the role of an Internet-based group for people who have an autoimmune liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis. Primary biliary...Full Text Available

102

Species-specific microRNA roles elucidated following astrocyte activation

As the Medical Library Association (MLA) enters its second century, its role in providing leadership and focus for the education of health information professionals in a changing environment will be...Full Text Available

2002-01-01

103

Roles of curli, cellulose and BapA in Salmonella biofilm morphology studied by atomic force microscopy

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that play a central role in regulation of gene expression by binding to target genes. Many miRNAs were associated with the function of the central nervous...Full Text Available

2011-05-01

104

Roles of (Z)-3-hexenol in plant-insect interactions

BackgroundCurli, cellulose and the cell surface protein BapA are matrix components in Salmonella biofilms. In this study we have investigated the roles of these...Full Text Available

105

Role-Reversal Exercise with Deaf Strong Hospital to Teach Communication Competency and Cultural Awareness

Green leaf C6-volatiles are among the most important herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). They play important roles in mediating the behavior of herbivores and their natural enemies, and in triggering...Full Text Available

2011-03-01

106

Role of serum carrier proteins in the peripheral metabolism and tissue distribution of thyroid hormones in familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia and congenital elevation of thyroxine-binding globulin.

ObjectiveTo implement a role-reversal exercise to increase first-year pharmacy students' awareness of communication barriers in the health care setting, especially for deaf and hard-of-hearing...Full Text Available

2011-04-11

107

Role of plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 in spinal cord pathology

To investigate the role of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) and albumin in the availability of thyroid hormones to peripheral tissues, comprehensive kinetic studies of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine...Full Text Available

1987-08-01

108

Role of periodontal pathogenic bacteria in RANKL-mediated bone destruction in periodontal disease

A number of studies have indicated that plasma membrane calcium ATPases (PMCAs) are expressed in the brain and spinal cord and could play important roles not only in the maintenance of cellular calcium...Full Text Available

2010-05-26

109

Role of microRNA-23b in flow-regulation of Rb phosphorylation and endothelial cell growth

Accumulated lines of evidence suggest that hyperimmune responses to periodontal bacteria result in the destruction of periodontal connective tissue and alveolar bone. The etiological roles of periodontal...Full Text Available

110

Role of IgG and complement component C5 in the initial course of experimental cryptococcosis.

MicroRNAs (miRs) can regulate many cellular functions, but their roles in regulating responses of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) to mechanical stimuli remain unexplored. We hypothesize that the physiological...Full Text Available

2010-02-16

111

Role of Group A Streptococcal Virulence Factors in Adherence to Keratinocytes

Although cellular immunity has a crucial role during cryptococcosis, several in vitro studies have pointed out the importance of IgG anti-Cryptococcus neoformans antibodies and complement components...Full Text Available

1989-12-01

112

Role of Bv8 in neutrophil-dependent angiogenesis in a transgenic model of cancer progression

To evaluate the role of putative group A streptococcal virulence factors in the initiation of skin infections, we compared the adherence of a wild-type M49-protein skin-associated strain to that of...Full Text Available

2000-03-01

113

Prolactin Receptor Signaling Is Essential for Perinatal Brown Adipocyte Function: A Role for Insulin-like Growth Factor-2

The secreted Bv8 protein has been recently characterized as a regulator of myeloid cell mobilization and a neutrophil-derived mediator of tumor angiogenesis in several xenografts, but its role in tumor...Full Text Available

2008-02-19

114

Presence of preactivated T cells in hemodialyzed patients: their possible role in altered immunity.

BackgroundThe lactogenic hormones prolactin (PRL) and placental lactogens (PL) play central roles in reproduction and mammary development. Their actions are mediated via binding...Full Text Available

115

Masculine Gender Roles Associated with Increased Sexual Risk and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration among Young Adult Men

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and B-cell growth factors I and II (BCGF I and BCGF II) are lymphokines produced by T cells that play a major role in T- and B-cell cooperation. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from...Full Text Available

1986-10-01

116

Hsp12.6 Expression Is Inducible by Host Immunity in Adult Worms of the Parasitic Nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis

This study sought to assess the association between traditional masculine gender role ideologies and sexual risk and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration behaviors in young men's heterosexual...Full Text Available

2006-07-01

117

Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals a Major Role in Cell Fate Maintenance and an Unexpected Role in Endoreduplication for the Drosophila FoxA Gene Fork Head

Heat shock proteins (Hsp) are a family of stress-inducible molecular chaperones that play multiple roles in a wide variety of animals. However, the roles of Hsps in parasitic nematodes remain largely...Full Text Available

118

Gene-silencing reveals the functional significance of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide receptor (PBAN-R) in a male moth

Transcription factors drive organogenesis, from the initiation of cell fate decisions to the maintenance and implementation of these decisions. The Drosophila embryonic salivary gland...Full Text Available

119

Effects of job rotation and role stress among nurses on job satisfaction and organizational commitment

The role of pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN) in the regulation of pheromone biosynthesis of several female moth species is well elucidated, but its role in the males has been a...Full Text Available

2010-09-28

120

Critical role of SDF-1?-induced progenitor cell recruitment and macrophage VEGF production in the experimental corneal neovascularization

BackgroundThe motivation for this study was to investigate how role stress among nurses could affect their job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and whether the job rotation...Full Text Available

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121

Betaxanthins as Substrates for Tyrosinase. An Approach to the Role of Tyrosinase in the Biosynthetic Pathway of Betalains1

PurposeTo address the roles of the stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1) α in the course of experimental corneal neovascularization (CNV).MethodsCNV...Full Text Available

122

The protein truncation caused by fusion of PEP-1 peptide and protective roles of transduced PEP-1-MsrA in skin cells

Tyrosinase or polyphenol oxidase (EC 1.14.18.1) is the key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis and in the enzymatic browning of fruits and vegetables. The role of tyrosinase in the secondary metabolism of...Full Text Available

2005-05-01

123

The Sustainment Management Support Project

Full Text Available

2011-04-01

124

The Effects of Needs for Affiliation and Needs for Self-Presentation on Digital Item Purchase Intention: The Moderating Roles of Gender and Purchase Experience

... due to the evolving nature of the Strategy Maps and the changing priority roles, it was decided not to link the SMSP directly with any Strategic Plans. ...

2010-09-01

125

Role of the #DELTA#(1232)-resonance at the systematic reduction of magnetic isovector transitions

Full Text Available

2008-09-01

126

Regulation of the expression of the apolipoprotein(a) gene : Evidence for a regulatory role of the 5' distal ACR enhancer in YAC transgenic mice

... electron reactions electrons excitation inelastic scattering m1-transitions proton

127

National Ignition Facility Management Descriptions Revision 4

No abstract prepared.

2003-01-30

128

Lessons from the past and prospects for the future

The purpose of this document is to describe the NIF Project Organization and the roles and responsibilities of the managers charged with executing the Project.

2000-08-01

129

Interaction Of Human La Protein With The Internal Ribosome Entry Site Of Hepatitis C Virus : Functional Role In Mediating Internal Initiation Of Translation

The author presents his impressions of the conference - that is - major lessons as presented in the talks on nonlinearities and their role in condensed matter physics. (WRF)

1986-05-04

130

Indian Institute of Science Theses & Dissertations (India)

Full Text Available

2004-07-01

131

Information Technology (IT) Management: The Clinger-Cohen ...

... Information Technology (IT) Management: ... The role of information technology figures prominently in the Homeland Security Act of 2002. ...

2005-02-03

132

Forging Space Warriors

Army Symposium: 'Leadership Challenges of the 21st Century ...

... These three roles are critical to de- fending the Nation through the control Milstar satellite on Titan IV at Cape Canaveral. ...

2011-05-15

133

Explicit representations of problem-solving strategies to support knowledge acquisition

... or the Noncommissioned Officer Efficiency Report (NCOER) for promotion ... Providing effective coaching, delegating, counseling, and role modeling ...

1996-05-01

134

Genetic and expression analysis of cattle identifies candidate genes in pathways responding to Trypanosoma congolense infection.

Role-limiting approaches support knowledge acquisition (KA) by centering knowledge base construction on common types of tasks or domain-independent problem-solving strategies. Within a particular problem-solving strategy, domain-dependent knowledge plays specific roles. A KA tool then helps a user to fill these roles. Although role-limiting approaches are useful for guiding KA, they are limited because they only support users in filling knowledge roles that have been built in by the designers of the KA system. EXPECT takes a different approach to KA by representing problem-solving knowledge explicitly, and deriving from the current knowledge base the knowledge gaps that must be resolved by the user during KA. This paper contrasts role-limiting approaches and EXPECT`s approach, using the propose-and-revise strategy as an example. EXPECT not only supports users in ...

1996-12-31

135

The behavioral management of pain: a criticism of a response.

African bovine trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma sp., is a major constraint on cattle productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. Some African Bos taurus breeds are highly tolerant of infection, but the potentially more productive Bos indicus zebu breeds are much more susceptible. Zebu cattle are well adapted for plowing and haulage, and increasing their tolerance of trypanosomiasis could have a major impact on crop cultivation as well as dairy and beef production. We used three strategies to obtain short lists of candidate genes within QTL that were previously shown to regulate response to infection. We analyzed the transcriptomes of trypanotolerant N'Dama and susceptible Boran cattle after infection with Trypanosoma congolense. We sequenced EST libraries from these two breeds to identify polymorphisms that might underlie previously identified quantitative trait loci (QTL), and we assessed QTL regions and candidate loci for evidence of selective sweeps. The scan of ...

2011-05-18

136

Role of corporate memory in the global supply chain environment

In response to an earlier published paper by Fordyce, some assumptions underlying the behavior management paradigm of chronic pain are critically discussed. While operant treatment has proved successful, the conclusion that operant factors play an important role in the development and maintenance of chronic benign pain is debated. Some empirical studies, regularly used to demonstrate this role, are re-evaluated. An alternative theory is proposed for chronic pain behavior, in which the role of a lower tolerance to proprioceptive stimuli, which may include more than just pain stimuli, is emphasized. PMID:3313200

1987-09-01

137

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Critical knowledge is proliferated among different knowledge owners of a corporate system through the individuals lying inside or outside the system. Extraction of such knowledge is a very crucial requirement for all organisations. This paper presents the role of critical knowledge in the proper functioning of a system by representing it in the form of eXtensible Markup Language to develop a corporate memory. In order to demonstrate the role of corporate memory in the organisation, a real-world problem of a global supply chain is considered. The problem utilises the concept of corporate memory for the selection of potential suppliers from a set of available suppliers, and further to select the best route from a set of available alternative routes. The objective deals with the minimisation ...

2009-01-01

138

Probable role of trace elements of some medicinal plants in cardio-vascular diseases

Nutrition and Physical Activity in Aging, Obesity, and Cancer

A number of herbal drugs are used in the Unani (Greco-Arab) System of Medicine for cardiovascular diseases. The herbs were analyzed by flame AAS and ICP-AES to determine if their therapeutic actions can be associated with the elements present in them. Cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, nickel, phosphorus, lead and zinc were some of the elements which play various roles in cardiovascular affections. An effort was made to correlate the role of these elements in cardiac diseases. (Auth.). 2 tabs., 32 refs.

139

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The liver is a primary target of growth hormone (GH). GH signals are mediated by the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5). Here, we focus on recent discoveries about the role of GH-STAT5 signaling in hepatic physiology and pathophysiology. We discuss roles of the GH-STAT5 axis in body growth, lipid metabolism, and the cell cycle pertaining to hepatosteatosis, fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Finally, we discuss recent discoveries about the role of GH-STAT5 in sex-specific gene expression and bile acid, steroid, and drug metabolism.

2011-01-01

140

X-ray Emission as a Probe of the Wind-Driven Shock in WR 140

Vitamin D and respiratory health

single star evolution. To understand the evolution of massive stars and their role in shaping the galaxy, understanding of the distribution of ...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

141

Vitamin D and Serum Cytokines in a Randomized Clinical Trial

Vitamin D is now known to be of physiological importance outside of bone health and calcium homeostasis, and there is mounting evidence that it plays a beneficial role in the prevention and/or treatment...Full Text Available

2009-10-01

142

Viruses and thyroiditis: an update

Background. The role of vitamin D in the body's ability to fight influenza and URI's may be dependent on regulation of specific cytokines that participate in the host inflammatory...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

143

Traditional Medicine in Oman: Its Role in Ophthalmology

Viral infections are frequently cited as a major environmental factor involved in subacute thyroiditis and autoimmune thyroid diseases This review examines the data related to the role of viruses in...Full Text Available

144

The role of information technologies in development of new conceptions of crystal chemistry

Aim:To present three patients with ocular disease who developed a range of complications following use of traditional medications.Settings...Full Text Available

2009-04-01

145

The role of fatty acid desaturases in epidermal metabolism

Russian Oct 2009 p. 130-131 Tajikistan Safiev, KI Saidov, P.Kh. Bozorov,

2009-10-01

146

The role of contagious disease in udder health

The lipid composition of skin is important to a variety of functions served by this organ. Therefore, skin expresses multiple enzymes that synthesize and metabolize lipids. An important class of lipid...Full Text Available

2011-04-01

147

The multiple roles of autophagy in cancer

Contagious diseases are a threat to animal health and productivity, both nationally and at the farm level. This makes implementation of biosecurity measures to prevent their introduction and...Full Text Available

2009-10-01

148

The Role of Military Workingn> Dogs in Low Intensity Conflict

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved, catabolic process that involves the entrapment of cytoplasmic components within characteristic vesicles for their delivery to and degradation within lysosomes....Full Text Available

2011-07-01

149

The Basics of Global Warming - Fight Global Warming - Environmental Defense Fund

... 8 Page 15. Military working Dogs. Dogs that are required by the using DOD Component for a specific purpose, mission, or combat capability. ...

1990-02-01

150

Teaching Secure Programming

Information about the greenhouse effect, the role of greenhouse gases in global climate change, levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and references....

151

Stars, their evolution and their stability

This article discusses issues in teaching secure coding in the context of both academic institutions and training organizations. The emphasis is on the importance of assurance. There is also some discussion of the role of checklists.

2005-09-01

152

Solution structure and dynamics of sugarcane defensin 5: the role of dynamics in the interaction with lipid membranes

The Nobel lecture of Chandrasekhar is printed in which he describes the basic processes that determine the life history of a star with particular emphasis on the roles of stellar mass and radiation pressure. (AIP)

1984-04-01

153

Site-Specific Methylation of the Promoter Alters Deoxyribonucleic Acid-Protein Interactions and Prevents ...

English 2009 p. 161-162 Brazil Paula, Viviane Silva de Almeida, Fabio

2009-05-04

154

Roles of ER, Src-1, and CBP Phosphorylation in Estrogen ...

... and R. L. Momparler. DNA methylation of retinoic acid receptor beta in breast cancer and possible therapeutic role of ... ...

155

Role of the 5HT3 Receptor in Alcohol Drinking and ...

... from a mouse carcinogen-induced mammary gland tumor model indicated that it is overexpressed in 12 out of 13 tumors ...

1998-06-01

156

Role of spinal cyclooxygenase in human postoperative and chronic pain

... Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:11032-7 27. Duman RS 2002 Genetics of childhood disorders: XXXIX. Stem cell research, part 3: ...

2005-09-01

157

Role of Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) Flex Solo II Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scanner in Evaluating Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Patients With Breast Cancer

BackgroundNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly used to treat postoperative and chronic pain. Animal studies suggest these drugs act in part by blocking...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

158

Role of Orvosi Hetilap in the development of Hungarian gastroenterology

Breast Cancer

2011-06-14

159

Role of Obesity in Prostate Cancer Development

AIM: To analyze the contribution of Orvosi Hetilap (Hungarian Medical Journal) to the field of gastroenterology.METHODS: All issues of the journal between 1857 and 2008 and identified...Full Text Available

2010-05-14

160

Role of MeV ion implantation in limiting transient enhanced diffusion of boron atoms in silicon

... estrogen receptor status. Cancer Lett., 253, 291-300. 39. Xin,X ... and resistant mice. Brain Res.Bull., 52, 235-242. 40. Foster,BA ...

2011-04-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

161

Role of Mast Cells in Early and Delayed Radiation Injury in Rat Intestine

English Jul 2001 p. 143-144 China Liu Changlong Academia Sinica,

2001-07-01

162

Relationship of source and sink in determining kernel composition of maize

... mast cell staining; ref. 16). The severity of structural radiation injury was assessed using a histopathological radiation injury score ... ...

163

Regulatory T cells in human disease and their potential for therapeutic manipulation

The relative role of the maternal source and the filial sink in controlling the composition of maize (Zea mays L.) kernels is unclear and may be influenced by the genotype and the N...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

164

Read Code Quality Assurance

Regulatory T cells are proposed to play a central role in the maintenance of immunological tolerance in the periphery, and studies in many animal models demonstrate their capacity to inhibit inflammatory...Full Text Available

2006-05-01

165

Orbital lymphoma: Role of radiation

As controlled clinical vocabularies assume an increasing role in modern clinical information systems, so the issue of their quality demands greater attention. In order to meet the resulting stringent...Full Text Available

1998-07-01

166

Nutating Mechanical Transmission (Maroth Drive Principle)

The purpose of this article is to review the literature for clinical presentation, treatment, outcome and complications of using radiotherapy for the treatment of orbital lymphoma. For this, MEDLINE,...Full Text Available

2009-03-01

167

Nascent Aneurysm Formation at the Basilar Terminus Induced by Hemodynamics

... d Diameter of ro.'ling element of a cylindrical roller bearing ... L Life (B-10) of a cyl.ndrical roller bearing LACA Contact ratio ...

1974-01-01

168

NASA/DOD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project. Paper 10: The NASA/DOD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project

Background and PurposeHemodynamic insults at arterial bifurcations are hypothesized to play a key role in intracranial aneurysm formation. This study investigates...Full Text Available

2008-07-01

169

Metals and kidney autoimmunity.

The role of the NASA/DOD Aerospace Knowledge DIffusion Research Project in helping to maintain U.S.

1991-01-01

170

MYELIN, COPPER, AND THE CUPRIZONE MODEL OF SCHIZOPHRENIA

The causes of autoimmune responses leading to human kidney pathology remain unknown. However, environmental agents such as microorganisms and/or xenobiotics are good candidates for that role. Metals,...Full Text Available

1999-10-01

171

Lens-induced glaucoma in the elderly

In recent years increasing evidence is pointing toward white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. The present paper will provide an overview over the role of...Full Text Available

172

Kitasato symposium 2010: new prospects for cytokines

Lens-induced glaucoma comprises a number of different glaucomatous processes occurring in the elderly that share in common the role of the crystalline lens in the mechanism of increase in intraocular...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

173

Iron Therapy for Preterm Infants

The Second Kitasato Symposium: New Prospects for Cytokines brought together researchers and rheumatologists to consider the essential role of cytokines in health and their contributions to autoimmunity....Full Text Available

2010-01-01

174

Inverse Scattering and Applications. Proceedings of ...

SYNOPSISPreterm infants are at risk for both iron deficiency and iron overload. The role of iron in multiple organ functions suggests that iron supplementation is essential for...Full Text Available

2009-03-01

175

Informational Element of Power: The Role of Public Diplomacy ...

... Richrd Bals andLina PrissJames Lepowsky and Mirko Primc Richard Beaals, and Linda Preiss Rothschild, Editors 47 Linear algebra and its role in ...

2011-05-14

176

Imbibition of Swietenia macrophylla (Meliaceae) Seeds: The Role of Stomata

... 26 Department of National Security and Strategy, Elements of National Power Model or MID-LIFE Model, US Army War College, 2004. 27 Ibid. ...

2005-03-18

177

Identification of Contractile Vacuole Proteins in Trypanosoma cruzi

• Background and Aims The occurrence of stomata in seed coats is uncommon and there is limited information about their function(s). The aim of this study was to verify the distribution...Full Text Available

2006-07-01

178

Healthy aging and disease: role for telomere biology?

Contractile vacuole complexes are critical components of cell volume regulation and have been shown to have other functional roles in several free-living protists....Full Text Available

179

Environmental chemical-induced macrophage dysfunction.

Aging is a biological process that affects most cells, organisms and species. Human aging is associated with increased susceptibility to a variety of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease,...Full Text Available

2011-05-01

180

Distinct sensory representations of wind and near-field sound in the Drosophila brain

Immunomodulation by environmental chemical contaminants and the role immune parameters play in toxicity and risk assessment studies is of increasing concern. Although considerable evidence has indicated...Full Text Available

1981-06-01

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181

Deforestation Plays Critical Climate Change Role - NASA Earth ...

Behavioral responses to wind are thought to play a critical role in controlling the dispersal and population genetics of wild Drosophila species1,Full Text Available

2009-03-12

182

Current Projects - Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging ...

May 11, 2007 ... "Deforestation in the tropics accounts for nearly 20 per cent of carbon emissions due to human activities," Dr. Canadell says. ...

183

Cancer cells cause vascular endothelial cell (vEC) retraction via 12(S)HETE secretion; the possible role of cancer cell derived microparticle.

diet and genetic obesity metabolic defects and inflammation. To determine the role of adipocyte death in promoting adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in animal...

2011-08-31

184

PMID:17103063

2006-11-12

185

CURRICULUM VITAE

CERN scientists confront data deluge

... 84. Fields BS, Haupt T, Davis JP, Arduino MJ, Butler JC. Pontiac fever due to Legionella micdadei from a whirlpool spa: Possible role of bacterial endotoxin. ...

186

CERN Multimedia

The next generation of particle accelerator is currently being designed at CERN. An understanding of the market forces in the computer industry will play a crucial role in the success of the project.

1998-01-01

187

Bacterial flora-typing with targeted, chip-based Pyrosequencing

Atmospheric chemistry in volcanic plumes

BackgroundThe metagenomic analysis of microbial communities holds the potential to improve our understanding of the role of microbes in clinical conditions. Recent, dramatic improvements...Full Text Available

188

Approaches to the evaluation of chemical-induced immunotoxicity.

Recent field observations have shown that the atmospheric plumes of quiescently degassing volcanoes are chemically very active, pointing to the role of chemical cycles involving halogen species and...Full Text Available

2010-04-13

189

Antioxidents and the costs of egg production: Studies in the Green Turtle (Chelonoa mydas)

The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining health; however, accumulating evidence indicates that this system can be the target for immunotoxic effects caused by a variety of chemicals including...Full Text Available

1995-12-01

190

Environmental Research Database

DescriptionThis Studentship will focus on the implications of material nutrition and health for reproduction in green turtles, and specifically the role played by dietary carotenoids.

2009-01-30

191

APOPTOSIS BY DIETARY AGENTS FOR PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CANCER

A Role for the Army Medical Specialist Corps in Nation ...

The role of apoptosis or programmed cell death in the regulation of development and maintenance of homeostasis in multicellular organisms is well established. During the last decade, naturally...Full Text Available

2008-12-01

192

"1"5N-"1"4N study of the role of the leaf in the nitrogen nutrition of the seed of Datura stramonium L

... in MEDCAP "the level of interface was left up ... of these patients had peripheral nerve injuries, head ... with poorly constructed prosthesis or waiting for ...

1993-04-13

193

The ecological role of bacteriocins in bacterial competition.

... amino acids carbon 14 glutamine leaves nitrogen 14 nitrogen 15 nutrition

194

The India-Pakistan-China strategic triangle and the role of nuclear weapons

Bacteriocins are an abundant class of antimicrobial molecules that appear to mediate population dynamics within species. The bacteriocins of Escherichia coli have served as a model for exploring the ecological role of these potent toxins. Studies suggest that colicins provide a competitive edge in nutrient-poor environments and that there might be a trade-off between the costs and benefits of colicin production. PMID:10203843

1999-03-01

195

Tachyons: may they have a role in elementary particle physics

This paper presents the Asian landscape with its regional balances and imbalances and its changes after September 11 and subsequent events. The nuclear posture and the role of nuclear weapons inside the China-India-Pakistan triangle is analyzed with respect to the US non-proliferation policy and its expanding military presence over the Asian continent. (J.S.)

2002-07-01

196

Role of mechanical vibration in preventive maintenance programmes

The possible role of space-like objects in elementary particle physics (and in quantum mechanics) is reviewed and discussed, mainly by exploiting the explicit consequences of the peculiar relativistic mechanics of Tachyons. Particular attention is paid: (i) to tachyons as the possible carriers of interactions; (ii) to the possibility of ''vacuum decays'' at the classical level; (iii) to a Lorentz-invariant bootstrap model; (iv) to the apparent shape of the tachyonic elementary particles and its possible connection with the de Broglie wave-particle dualism. (author).

197

Gamma interferon induces rapid and coordinate activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) and calcium-independent protein kinase C in human monocytes.

Vibration of machinery plays an important role in preventive maintenance programs of machinery. It can be applied in different phases ranging from simple to computerized programs. The advantages of applying machine condition monitoring programs are numerous since vibration measurement and analysis leads to the early detection of component deterioration. The cost, savings and some details of the vibration preventive maintenance program are discussed.

1989-11-01

198

Elucidating novel pathways and regulation of nitrogen assimilation in alpha proteobacteria exemplified by the soil organism Paracoccus denitrificans

Gamma interferon plays an important role in regulating the functional properties of mononuclear phagocytes. In the present study, the role of activated protein kinases in the mechanism of action of...Full Text Available

1994-07-01

199

Environmental Research Database

DescriptionThe importance of inorganic nitrate for the nutrition and growth of marine and freshwater autotrophic phytoplankton has long been recognised, in particularly because of the 'blooms' formed in nitrate and phosphate polluted water and their possible roles as carbon dioxide sinks. By contrast, the utilisation of nitrate by heterotrophic bacteria has historically received less attention. Up until now, the primary role of heterotrophic bacteria has classically been considered to be the decomposition [continued...

2010-01-31

200

Cumulative hadron production in quark models of flucton fragmentation

Comparative analysis of the ATRX promoter and 5' regulatory region reveals conserved regulatory elements which are linked to roles in neurodevelopment, alpha-globin regulation and testicular function

Quark models of cumulative particle production and EMS effect are analyzed. All the models are characterized by a universal relationship between the spectrum of cumulative nucleons and the cross section of cumulative particles containing valence nuclear quarks. This relationship is tested for a deuteron. The role is discussed played by secondary nuclear processes for heavy nuclei. A special role of ''sea'' cumulative particles (K"-, p-bar) is pointed out in understanding the nature of the difference between the structure functions of a nucleus and of free nucleon.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

201

Role of natural organic matter (NOM), colloidal particles, and solution chemistry on ultrafiltration performance

BackgroundATRX is a tightly-regulated multifunctional protein with crucial roles in mammalian development. Mutations in the ATRX gene cause ATR-X syndrome, an X-linked...Full Text Available

202

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Mechanistic studies on a charged ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouled with natural organic matter (NOM) and colloidal particles are systematically investigated to understand the relative role of each NOM fraction and the presence of colloidal particulate to membrane fouling. Humic acid (HA), dextran, and kaolin were employed as surrogate model foulants representing the organic hydrophobic acid NOM, hydrophilic neutral NOM, and inorganic colloidal materials, respectively. The results obtained showed that the organic NOM of hydrophilic surrogate (dextran) plays a primary role in promoting membrane fouling, followed by hydrophobic acids and inorganic kaolin, but to a lesser extent than organic NOM compounds. Significant differences in the extent of fouling between dextran and HA have been obs...

2011-01-01

203

Proceedings of the PHEV 2007 conference : where the grid meets the road

Investigation by physical methods of the possible role of telomeres in DNA in aging process

This conference examined the potential role of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) which are gaining interest around the world. Emerging PHEV technologies were reviewed along with the role that biofuels and electricity play in their widespread use. It was attended by members of industry, academia, utilities, government and institutions to review on-going research and demonstrations of PHEV projects across North America. The purpose was to understand how PHEV technologies can be integrated into current and future transportation systems and the electrical power grid. Other objectives were to establish a primarily-Canadian network focused on PHEV-related issues to promote public engagement for the plug-in highway. The possible role of government support for PHEV research, development and commercialization was also discussed. In addition to workshops and poster sessions, this conference featured 75 presentations, of which ...

2007-11-01

204

metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has a critical role in inhibitory learning

The interaction energies between the different types of bases of a single strand of DNA molecule have been calculated. Using these original values of energies the harmonic behavior of a number of base patterns of DNA has been studied. In view of the great interest aroused by the discovery of the role of the telomere segment of the DNA in the replication process and its possible link with the aging process, we have investigated, with simple models, the harmonic behavior of the telomeric pattern of bases as well as the thermodynamic response in the biological system. With these results a conclusion on the probable role of the telomeric pattern on aging has also been drawn. Here the calculated values of harmonic frequencies of the telomeric pattern of bases and of other possible patterns show that the telomeric pattern is associated with the highest vibrational frequency among all patterns of base combinations at the replication end of DNA. This ...

2003-01-01

205

Workshop on stems and trunks in plant form and function. Final report

The mechanisms that contribute to the extinction of previously acquired memories are not well understood. These processes, often referred to as inhibitory learning, are thought to be parallel...Full Text Available

2009-03-25

206

What is the next step in patient decision support?

This document is the final report on the workshop on stems and trunks in plant form and function relating to DOE grant DE-FG06-93ER20128 which took place at Oregon State University in February 1994. The resulting book is organized into four sections and a synthesis: roles of stem architecture in plant performance, roles of stems in transport and storage of water, roles of live stem cells in plant performance, and the roles of stems in preventing or reacting to response to plant injury. The synthesis stemmed from debated and discussion by the authors and a few dozen other workshop participants. The authors cover many stem functions, although the list is not exhaustive, and the focus is on terrestrial woody tree stems, primarily of temperate and boreal zones. More research on trunks, branches and twigs is important for a baseline understanding of plant biology. In the face of anticipated human-caused ...

1995-03-01

207

Virtual adult ears reveal the roles of acoustical factors and experience in auditory space map development

Patient decision support systems have a promising role in the delivery of health care. However, the best approach for further development of these systems is a matter of speculation. To help chart a...Full Text Available

2000-01-01

208

Virological and serological surveillance for type A influenza in the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla)

Auditory neurons in the superior colliculus (SC) respond preferentially to sounds from restricted directions to form a map of auditory space. The development of this representation is shaped...Full Text Available

2008-11-05

209

Variants in Inflammation Genes and the Risk of Biliary Tract Cancers and Stones: A Population-based Study in China

BackgroundThe epidemiology of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in gulls is only partially known. The role of the world's most numerous gull species, the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa...Full Text Available

210

Variant influenza virus hemagglutinin that induces fusion at elevated pH.

To evaluate the role of chronic inflammation in the development of gallstones and biliary tract cancer, we examined the risk associated with 62 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including...Full Text Available

2008-08-01

211

Use of Forward Genetics to Discover Novel Regulators of NF-?B

The hemagglutinin (HA) glycoprotein of influenza virus performs two critical roles during infection: it binds virus to cell surface sialic acids, and under mildly acidic conditions it induces fusion...Full Text Available

1986-02-01

212

Update on the oxidative stress theory of aging: Does oxidative stress play a role in aging or healthy aging?

Forward and reverse genetic experiments have both played important roles in revealing critical aspects of mammalian signal transduction pathways in cell culture experiments. Only recently have we begun...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

213

Update on the Role of Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata in the Regulation of Seizures

The oxidative stress theory of aging predicts that manipulations that alter oxidative stress/damage will alter aging. The gold standard for determining whether aging is altered is lifespan,...Full Text Available

2010-03-01

214

Unexpected diversity of RNase P, an ancient tRNA processing enzyme: challenges and prospects

The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNR) represents an endogenous seizure suppressing system, which may be targeted to develop treatments for generalized or multifocal epilepsies. This review summarizes...Full Text Available

2006-05-01

215

UHRF1, a modular multi-domain protein, regulates replication-coupled crosstalk between DNA methylation and histone modifications

For an enzyme functioning predominantly in a seemingly housekeeping role of 5′ tRNA maturation, RNase P displays a remarkable diversity in subunit make-up across the three domains of...Full Text Available

2010-01-21

216

Type IVB Secretion Systems of Legionella and Other Gram-Negative Bacteria

Cytosine methylation in DNA is a major epigenetic signal, and plays a central role in propagating chromatin status during cell division. However the mechanistic links between DNA methylation...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

217

Tumor Necrosis Factor-? and Muc2 Mucin Play Major Roles in Disease Onset and Progression in Dextran Sodium Sulphate-Induced Colitis

Type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) play a central role in the pathogenicity of many important pathogens, including Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Helicobacter pylori, and...Full Text Available

218

Trigeminal injury causes kappa opioid-dependent allodynic, glial and immune cell responses in mice

The sequential events and the inflammatory mediators that characterize disease onset and progression of ulcerative colitis (UC) are not well known. In this study, we evaluated the early pathologic events...Full Text Available

219

Transient Hoogsteen Base Pairs in Canonical Duplex DNA

BackgroundThe dynorphin-kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system regulates glial proliferation after sciatic nerve injury. Here, we investigated its role in cell proliferation following...Full Text Available

220

Transcriptome Profiling of a Toxic Dinoflagellate Reveals a Gene-Rich Protist and a Potential Impact on Gene Expression Due to Bacterial Presence

Sequence-directed variations in the canonical DNA double helix structure that retain Watson-Crick base-pairing play important roles in DNA recognition, topology, and nucleosome positioning....Full Text Available

2011-02-24

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221

Trans-Species Polymorphism and Selection in the MHC Class II DRA Genes of Domestic Sheep

BackgroundDinoflagellates are unicellular, often photosynthetic protists that play a major role in the dynamics of the Earth's oceans and climate. Sequencing of dinoflagellate nuclear...Full Text Available

222

Towards computational prediction of microRNA function and activity

Highly polymorphic genes with central roles in lymphocyte mediated immune surveillance are grouped together in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in higher vertebrates. Generally, across vertebrate...Full Text Available

223

Tone-Specific and Nonspecific Plasticity of the Auditory Cortex Elicited by Pseudoconditioning: Role of Acetylcholine Receptors and the Somatosensory Cortex

While it has been established that microRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles throughout development and are dysregulated in many human pathologies, the specific processes and pathways regulated by individual...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

224

Three-Dimensional Traction Force Microscopy: A New Tool for Quantifying Cell-Matrix Interactions

Experience-dependent plastic changes in the central sensory systems are due to activation of both the sensory and neuromodulatory systems. Nonspecific changes of cortical auditory neurons elicited by...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

225

The underestimated role of olfaction in avian reproduction ?

The interactions between biochemical processes and mechanical signaling play important roles during various cellular processes such as wound healing, embryogenesis, metastasis, and cell migration. While...Full Text Available

226

The structural design of the bat wing web and its possible role in gas exchange

Until the second half of the 20^th century, it was broadly accepted that most birds are microsmatic if not anosmic and unable to detect and use olfactory information. Exceptions were...Full Text Available

2009-06-25

227

The role of the immune system in hexachlorobenzene-induced toxicity.

The structure of the skin in the epauletted fruit bat (Epomophorus wahlbergi) wing and body trunk was studied with a view to understanding possible adaptations for gas metabolism and...Full Text Available

2007-12-01

228

The role of the antioxidant and longevity-promoting Nrf2 pathway in metabolic regulation

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a persistent environmental pollutant. The toxicity of HCB has been extensively studied after an accidental human poisoning in Turkey and more recently it has been shown that...Full Text Available

1999-10-01

229

The role of skin absorption as a route of exposure for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water.

Purpose of ReviewThe vertebrate cap’n’collar family transcription factor Nrf2 and its invertebrate homologs SKN-1 (in worms) and CncC (in flies) function...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

230

The role of metallothionein IIa in defending lens epithelial cells against cadmium and TBHP induced oxidative stress

Assessments of drinking water safety rely on the assumption that ingestion represents the principal route of exposure. A review of the experimental literature revealed that skin penetration rates for...Full Text Available

1984-05-01

231

The role of grain boundary chemistry and structure in the environmentally-assisted intergranular cracking of nickel-base alloys. Progress report, August 1, 1991--July 31, 1992

PurposeHeavy metals and other forms of oxidative stress have been implicated as key factors in the formation of age-related cataract in humans. Metallothioneins are...Full Text Available

232

The role of grain boundary chemistry and structure in the environmentally-assisted intergranular cracking of nickel-base alloys

Stress corrosion cracking tests in constant extension rate tensile (CERT) and constant load tensile (CLT) tests were conducted on Ni-xCr- 9Fe-yC in Ar, water, and a LiOH-boric acid solution. Cr and C improve the resistance of Ni-base alloys to IG cracking in both Ar and water at 360C. Since creep plays a role in IG cracking, one possible explanation for the role of the environment involves its effect on the creep. Experiments were conducted on the role of C in the deformation behavior and failure mode of Ni-16Cr-9Fe. Constant load experiments were conducted on Ni-16Cr-9Fe to determine if the CLT test is more aggressive than CERT. The electron backscattering technique in a SEM is being developed in order to extend the IG cracking studies to grain sizes typical of commercial alloys, 20-30 microns.

1992-07-01

233

The role of gene expression in ecological speciation

Stress corrosion cracking tests in constant extension rate tensile (CERT) and constant load tensile (CLT) tests were conducted on Ni-xCr- 9Fe-yC in Ar, water, and a LiOH-boric acid solution. Cr and C improve the resistance of Ni-base alloys to IG cracking in both Ar and water at 360C. Since creep plays a role in IG cracking, one possible explanation for the role of the environment involves its effect on the creep. Experiments were conducted on the role of C in the deformation behavior and failure mode of Ni-16Cr-9Fe. Constant load experiments were conducted on Ni-16Cr-9Fe to determine if the CLT test is more aggressive than CERT. The electron backscattering technique in a SEM is being developed in order to extend the IG cracking studies to grain sizes typical of commercial alloys, 20-30 microns.

1992-07-01

234

The role of cryoanalgesia for chronic thoracic pain: results of a long-term follow up.

Ecological speciation is the process by which barriers to gene flow between populations evolve due to adaptive divergence via natural selection. A relatively unexplored area in ecological speciation...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

235

The role of calcium ions and calcium channel entry blockers in experimental ischemia-reperfusion-induced liver injury.

Cryoanalgesia (the use of cold to provide anesthesia or analgesia) is the oldest anesthetic and analgesic still in current clinical use. Its intraoperative use in providing postoperative analgesia for...Full Text Available

2002-08-01

236

The role of autonomic neuropathy in diabetic foot ulceration.

Verapamil administered before treatment, but not after treatment, had a beneficial effect on a 90-minute warm ischemia-reperfusion rat liver injury model. The possible activation of proteases converting...Full Text Available

1991-02-01

237

The role of Holliday junction resolvases in the repair of spontaneous and induced DNA damage

Five standard, non-invasive tests of cardiovascular, autonomic function were performed in each of four groups of 30 subjects: controls, group 1, diabetics without clinical evidence of neuropathy; group...Full Text Available

1986-09-01

238

The role of DNA damage response pathways in chromosome fragility in Fragile X syndrome

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and other lesions occur frequently during cell growth and in meiosis. These are often repaired by homologous recombination (HR). HR may result in the formation of DNA...Full Text Available

2011-09-01

239

The role of AMPK in psychosine mediated effects on oligodendrocytes and astrocytes: Implication for Krabbe Disease

FRAXA is one of a number of fragile sites in human chromosomes that are induced by agents like fluorodeoxyuridine (FdU) that affect intracellular thymidylate levels. FRAXA coincides with a >200...Full Text Available

2009-07-01

240

The relative roles of bipolar disorder and psychomotor agitation in substance dependence

Krabbe disease (KD) is an inherited neurological disorder caused by the deficiency of galactocerebrosidase activity resulting in accumulation of psychosine, which leads to energy depletion,...Full Text Available

2008-06-01

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241

The relationship between the rate of melatonin excretion and sleep consolidation for locomotive engineers in natural sleep settings

Previous studies have shown that both bipolar disorder (BPD) and psychomotor agitation (PMA) are associated with substance dependence. These two findings have yet to be integrated, despite evidence...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

242

The region encompassing the procyclic acidic repetitive protein (PARP) gene promoter plays a role in plasmid DNA replication in Trypanosoma brucei.

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to examine the role that melatonin production plays in the regulation of sleep consolidation in a population of shiftworkers working and sleeping...Full Text Available

243

The physics of automatic letter sorting

We have previously reported the construction and characterization of an autonomously replicating plasmid in Trypanosoma brucei. In this plasmid the procyclic acidic repetitive protein (PARP) gene promoter...Full Text Available

1994-10-11

244

The olympic brain. Does corticospinal plasticity play a role in acquisition of skills required for high-performance sports?

The astronomical number of letters handled by the Post Office makes automatic sorting technology essential. Key roles are played by the postcode system and an ink-jet printer that has been developed to use phosphorescent inks.

1988-07-01

245

The kiwifruit lycopene beta-cyclase plays a significant role in carotenoid accumulation in fruit

Non-invasive electrophysiological and imaging techniques have recently made investigation of the intact behaving human brain possible. One of the most intriguing new research areas that have developed...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

246

The RpoT Regulon of Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E and Its Role in Stress Endurance against Solvents?

The composition of carotenoids, along with anthocyanins and chlorophyll, accounts for the distinctive range of colour found in the Actinidia (kiwifruit) species. Lutein and beta-carotene...Full Text Available

2009-09-01

247

The Role of the Pattern Edge in Goldfish Visual Motion Detection

Pseudomonas putida encodes 20 extracytoplasmic sigma factors (ECFs). In this study, we show that one of these ECFs, known as ECF-Pp12...Full Text Available

2007-01-01

248

The Role of Thyroid Hormone in Testicular Development and Function

To understand the function of edges in perception of moving objects, we defined four questions to answer. Is the focus point in visual motion detection of a moving object: (1) the body or the edge of...Full Text Available

2010-12-01

249

The Role of Placental Homeobox Genes in Human Fetal Growth Restriction

Thyroid hormone is a critical regulator of growth, development and metabolism in virtually all tissues, and altered thyroid status affects many organs and systems. Although for many years testis...Full Text Available

2008-12-01

250

The Role of Anticipatory Postural Adjustments in Compensatory Control of Posture: 2. Biomechanical Analysis

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is an adverse pregnancy outcome associated with significant perinatal and paediatric morbidity and mortality, and an increased risk of chronic disease later in adult life....Full Text Available

2011-01-01

251

The Regulation of Aging and Longevity

The central nervous system (CNS) utilizes anticipatory (APAs) and compensatory (CPAs) postural adjustments to maintain equilibrium while standing. It is known that these postural adjustments...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

252

The QseC Adrenergic Signaling Cascade in Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

p53 plays a critical role in tumor suppression. As a transcription factor, in response to stress signals, p53 regulates its target genes and initiates stress responses, including cell cycle arrest,...Full Text Available

2011-04-01

253

The Pseudoreceptor BMP and Activin Membrane-bound Inhibitor Positively Modulates Wnt/?-Catenin Signaling*

The ability to respond to stress is at the core of an organism's survival. The hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine play a central role in stress responses in mammals, which require the synchronized...Full Text Available

2009-08-01

254

The Promise of Prevention: The Effects of Four Preventable Risk Factors on National Life Expectancy and Life Expectancy Disparities by Race and County in the United States

The canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a pivotal role in regulating embryogenesis and tumorigenesis by promoting cell proliferation. BAMBI (BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor) has...Full Text Available

2008-11-28

255

The Functional Role of Calcineurin in Hypertrophy, Regeneration, and Disorders of Skeletal Muscle

BackgroundThere has been substantial research on psychosocial and health care determinants of health disparities in the United States (US) but less on the role of modifiable risk...Full Text Available

2010-03-01

256

The Candida albicans Dse1 Protein Is Essential and Plays a Role in Cell Wall Rigidity, Biofilm Formation, and Virulence

Skeletal muscle uses calcium as a second messenger to respond and adapt to environmental stimuli. Elevations in intracellular calcium levels activate calcineurin, a serine/threonine phosphatase, resulting...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

257

The ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter ABCA4: Structural and Functional Properties and Role in Retinal Disease

The fungal pathogen Candida albicans is one of the leading causative agents of death in immunocompromised individuals. It harbors an arsenal of cell wall anchored factors that are implicated...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

258

Test-retest reliability of knee kinesthesia in healthy adults

ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) utilize the energy of ATP hydrolysis to translocate an unusually diverse set of substrates across cellular membranes. ABCA4, also known as...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

259

Targeting the p53 Pathway in Ewing Sarcoma

BackgroundSensory information from mechanoreceptors in the skin, muscles, tendons, and joint structures plays an important role in joint stability. A joint injury can lead to disruption...Full Text Available

260

Targeted Deletion of Somatotroph Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Signaling in a Cell-Specific Knockout Mouse Model

The p53 tumour suppressor plays a pivotal role in the prevention of oncogenic transformation. Cancers frequently evade the potent antitumour surveillance mechanisms of p53 through mutation of the TP53...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

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261

Taking the plunge: integrating structural, enzymatic and computational insights into a unified model for membrane-immersed rhomboid proteolysis

The role of IGF-I in the negative regulation of GH expression and release is demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo models; however, the targets and mechanisms of IGF-I...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

262

THE ROLE OF SALIVA IN TICK FEEDING

SYNOPSISRhomboid proteases are a fascinating class of enzymes that combine a serine protease active site within the core of an integral membrane protein. Despite having key roles...Full Text Available

263

Synthetic substrates for measuring activity of autophagy proteases

When attempting to feed on their hosts, ticks face the problem of host hemostasis (the vertebrate mechanisms that prevent blood loss), inflammation (that can produce itching or pain and thus...Full Text Available

264

Synthesis and Phosphorylation of Maize Acidic Ribosomal Proteins1

Atg4 cysteine proteases (autophagins) play crucial roles in autophagy by proteolytic activation of Atg8 paralogs for targeting to autophagic vesicles by lipid conjugation, as well as in subsequent deconjugation...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

265

Subunits of the Drosophila CCR4-NOT complex and their roles in mRNA deadenylation

The objective of this research was to determine the role of acidic ribosomal protein (ARP) phosphorylation in translation. Ribosomes (Rbs) from germinated maize (Zea mays L.) axes had...Full Text Available

1998-01-01

266

Studies on the mechanism of 1,3-butadiene-induced leukemogenesis: the potential role of endogenous murine leukemia virus.

The CCR4-NOT complex is the main enzyme catalyzing the deadenylation of mRNA. We have investigated the composition of this complex in Drosophila melanogaster by immunoprecipitation...Full Text Available

2010-07-01

267

Studies on micellar fatty acid uptake by rat intestine in vitro with reference to the role of bile

Previous studies have revealed marked differences in the incidence of leukemia between rats and mice exposed to 1,3-butadiene that do not appear to be readily explained on the basis of pharmacokinetics...Full Text Available

1990-06-01

268

Structure and Reaction Mechanism of Basil Eugenol Synthase

1. The uptake and esterification to trigylceride of oleic acid in micellar form was studied in rat intestine in vitro. Sacs of the upper half of the everted intestine taken from bile...Full Text Available

1973-03-01

269

Stereocomplexed PLA-PEG Nanoparticles with Dual-Emissive Boron Dyes for Tumor Accumulation

Phenylpropenes, a large group of plant volatile compounds that serve in multiple roles in defense and pollinator attraction, contain a propenyl side chain. Eugenol synthase (EGS) catalyzes the reductive...Full Text Available

270

Specific expression profile and prognostic significance of peroxiredoxins in grade II-IV astrocytic brain tumors

Responsive biomaterials play important roles in imaging, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments are one class of biomaterial...Full Text Available

2010-09-28

271

Socioeconomic Status and Depressive Syndrome: The Role of Inter- and Intra-generational Mobility, Government Assistance, and Work Environment*

BackgroundPeroxiredoxins (Prxs) have recently been suggested to have a role in tumorigenesis.MethodsWe studied the expression of Prx I-VI and their...Full Text Available

272

Sociodemographic factors in a pediatric chronic pain clinic: The roles of age, sex and minority status in pain and health characteristics

This paper assesses the hypothesis that depressive syndrome is associated with socioeconomic status, using longitudinal data from the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Followup. Socioeconomic...Full Text Available

2001-09-01

273

Social Work Role in Pain Management with Hospice Caregivers: A National Survey

Little is known about how sociodemographic factors relate to children’s chronic pain. This paper describes the pain, health, and sociodemographic characteristics of a cohort of children...Full Text Available

2010-07-01

274

SirT3 suppresses hypoxia inducible factor 1? and tumor growth by inhibiting mitochondrial ROS production

This article reports on an exploratory study of hospice social workers’ assessment and collaborative practices related to pain management; especially caregiver concerns about patient...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

275

SirT1 brings stemness closer to cancer and aging

It has become increasing clear that alterations in cellular metabolism have a key role in the generation and maintenance of cancer. Some of the metabolic changes can be attributed to the activation...Full Text Available

2011-06-30

276

Simvastatin ameliorates radiation enteropathy development after localized, fractionated irradiation by a protein C-independent mechanism

Sirtuin 1 acts in various cell processes, deacetylating both chromatin and non-histone proteins, and its role in cancer and aging has long been studied and debated. Here we discuss another aspect of...Full Text Available

277

Short RNA half-lives in the slow-growing marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus

BackgroundMicrovascular injury plays a key role in normal tissue radiation responses. Statins, in addition to their lipid-lowering effects, have vasculoprotective...Full Text Available

2007-08-01

278

Sexual differentiation of the zebra finch song system: potential roles for sex chromosome genes

BackgroundRNA turnover plays an important role in the gene regulation of microorganisms and influences their speed of acclimation to environmental changes. We investigated whole-genome...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

279

Serum protein binding and the role of increased alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in moderately obese male subjects.

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that some sex differences in brain and behavior might result from direct genetic effects, and not solely the result of the organizational effects...Full Text Available

280

Serum RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and RANKL/OPG ratio in nephrotic children

Serum protein and lipid concentrations as well as the serum protein binding of propranolol, diazepam and phenytoin were measured in normal weight and obese volunteers. Concentrations of alpha 1-acid...Full Text Available

1984-12-01

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281

Seasonal and Regional Dynamics of M. ulcerans Transmission in Environmental Context: Deciphering the Role of Water Bugs as Hosts and Vectors

Receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) play key roles in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). The aim of our study was to determine whether the...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

282

Safety Nets and Scaffolds: Parental Support in the Transition to Adulthood

BackgroundBuruli ulcer, the third mycobacterial disease after tuberculosis and leprosy, is caused by the environmental mycobacterium M. ulcerans. Various modes of...Full Text Available

283

Rolling tachyons in string cosmology

Using longitudinal data from the Youth Development Study (analytic sample N = 712), we investigate how age, adult role acquisition and attainments, family resources, parent-child relationship...Full Text Available

2011-04-01

284

Roles of lead-binding proteins in mediating lead bioavailability.

We study the role of rolling tachyons in the cosmological model with dilatonic gravity. In the string frame, flat space solutions of both initial-stage and late-time are obtained in closed form. In the Einstein frame, we show that every expanding solution is decelerating.

2003-01-23

285

Role of vasopressin in regulation of renal kinin excretion in Long-Evans and diabetes insipidus rats.

The intracellular bioavailability of lead (Pb) at low dosage levels in major target organs such as the kidney and brain appears to be largely determined by complexation with a group of low molecular...Full Text Available

1998-12-01

286

Role of the sar locus of Staphylococcus aureus in induction of endocarditis in rabbits.

To study the relationship between vasopressin and the renal kallikrein-kinin system we measured the rate of excretion of kinins into the urine of anesthetized rats during conditions of increased and...Full Text Available

1984-03-01

287

Role of the nac gene product in the nitrogen regulation of some NTR-regulated operons of Klebsiella aerogenes.

A regulatory locus on the Staphylococcus aureus chromosome, designated sar, is involved in the expression of cell wall proteins, some of which are potentially important in the pathogenesis of endocarditis....Full Text Available

1994-05-01

288

Role of the Domestic Chicken (Gallus gallus)in the Epidemiology of Urban Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

A positive, genetic selection against the activity of the nitrogen regulatory (NTR) system was used to isolate insertion mutations affecting nitrogen regulation in Klebsiella aerogenes. Two classes...Full Text Available

1990-12-01

289

Role of surface degrees of freedom in grazing heavy ion collisions

Zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) is a serious public health problem in several Brazilian cities. Although the proximity of chicken houses is often cited as a risk factor in studies of urban ZVL,...Full Text Available

2002-12-01

290

Role of surface degrees of freedom in grazing heavy ion collisions

A survey is given of the influence of surface deformations on heavy ion reactions. Emphasis is put on the effect of zeropoint fluctuations in the entrance channel and on the effect on grazing collisions in terms of an imaginary part of the scattering potential.

1983-11-14

291

Role of sodium in the growth of a ruminal selenomonad.

A survey is given of the influence of surface deformations on heavy ion reactions. Emphasis is put on the effect of zeropoint fluctuations in the entrance channel and on the effect on grazing collisions in terms of an imaginary part of the scattering potential. (orig.).

292

Role of ocular involvement in the prediction of visual development and clinical prognosis in Aicardi syndrome.

The ruminal selenomonad strain H18 grew rapidly (mu = 0.50 h-1) in a defined medium containing glucose, ammonia, purified amino acids, and sodium (95 mM); little if any ammonia was utilized as a nitrogen...Full Text Available

1991-06-01

293

Role of nitroso radicals as drug targets in circulatory shock

AIMS/BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to document visual function and acuity in patients with Aicardi syndrome, and to determine whether there is any relation between ocular features of the syndrome...Full Text Available

1996-09-01

294

Role of narK2X and narGHJI in Hypoxic Upregulation of Nitrate Reduction by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A vast amount of circumstantial evidence implicates oxygen-derived free radicals (especially, superoxide and hydroxyl radical) and high-energy oxidants [such as peroxynitrite (OONO⁻)]...Full Text Available

2009-06-01

295

Role of interferon-gamma in interleukin 12-induced pathology in mice.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the strongest reducers of nitrate in the genus Mycobacterium. Under microaerobic conditions, whole cells exhibit upregulation of...Full Text Available

2003-12-01

296

Role of copper resistance in competitive survival of Pseudomonas fluorescens in soil.

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) activates natural killer (NK) and T cells with the secondary synthesis and release of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and other cytokines. IL-12-induced organ alterations are reported...Full Text Available

1995-12-01

297

Role of bile salt in regulating Mcl-1 phosphorylation and chemoresistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

A copper-resistant strain (09906) of Pseudomonas fluorescens that was isolated from a citrus grove soil is being investigated as a biological control agent for Phytophthora root rot. Since citrus grove...Full Text Available

1993-02-01

298

Role of TRAIL and the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homolog Bim in acetaminophen-induced liver damage

BackgroundGlycochenodeoxycholate (GCDA) is one of the major human bile salts. Bile salts stimulate cell survival and proliferation through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, but...Full Text Available

299

Role of Respiratory Nitrate Reductase in Ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens YT101 To Colonize the Rhizosphere of Maize

Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol (APAP), paracetamol) is a commonly used analgesic and antipyretic agent. Although considered safe at therapeutic doses, accidental or intentional...Full Text Available

2011-06-01

300

Role of Quantitative Bone Scanning in the Assessment of Bone Turnover in Patients With Charcot Foot

Selection of the denitrifying community by plant roots (i.e., increase in the denitrifier/total heterotroph ratio in the rhizosphere) has been reported by several authors. However, very few studies...Full Text Available

2000-09-01

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301

Role of Military Workingn> Dogs in Low Intensity Conflict.

OBJECTIVETo assess the new quantitative bone scan parameters as markers of Charcot neuroosteoarthropathy (CNO) activity.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSForty-two...Full Text Available

2010-02-01

302

Role of Methoxypolyethylene Glycol on the Hydration, Activity, Conformation and Dynamic Properties of a Lipase in a Dry Film

This paper examines the current military working dogs (MWD) program, its historical roots, and the possibility for expansion of the program. Current service MWD programs will be discussed, as well as possible models for change. The primary focus is on the...

1990-01-01

303

Role of Estrogen Receptor-? in the Regulation of Claudin-6 Expression in Breast Cancer Cells

A combined approach based on the use of ATR-FT/IR and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy allowed to shed light on the effects of the additive methoxypolyethylene glycol (MePEG) on the hydration,...Full Text Available

2008-10-01

304

Role of Cytokinin and Auxin in Shaping Root Architecture: Regulating Vascular Differentiation, Lateral Root Initiation, Root Apical Dominance and Root Gravitropism

PurposeIn our previous studies we showed that upregulating claudin-6 (CLDN6) expression may contribute to preventing breast cancer, and that 17β-estradiol induces a concentration-...Full Text Available

2011-03-01

305

Role of Conserved Salt Bridges in Homeodomain Stability and DNA Binding*

• Background and Aims Development and architecture of plant roots are regulated by phytohormones. Cytokinin (CK), synthesized in the root cap, promotes cytokinesis, vascular...Full Text Available

2006-05-01

306

Role of Calcium in Serine Transport into Tobacco Cells

The sequence information available for homeodomains reveals that salt bridges connecting pairs 19/30, 31/42, and 17/52 are frequent, whereas aliphatic residues at these sites are rare and mainly restricted...Full Text Available

2009-08-28

307

Role of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in Bone Repair after Cyclic Fatigue Loading

The transport of serine into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Xanthi) cells grown in liquid medium was studied. Serine transport was maximal below pH 4.0. A time-dependent stimulation...Full Text Available

1978-12-01

308

Rhythmic expression of an egr-1 transgene in rats distinguishes two populations of photoreceptor cells in the retinal outer nuclear layer

BackgroundCalcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) is a neuropeptide that is abundant in the sensory neurons which innervate bone. The effects of CGRP on isolated bone cells have been...Full Text Available

309

Rhizosphere Acidification by Iron Deficient Bean Plants: The Role of Trace Amounts of Divalent Metal Ions

PurposeNocturnal rhythms of gene expression in the retina are known to be both darkness- and circadian clock-dependent, but their role and cellular location are not well defined....Full Text Available

310

Regulatory T Cells in Many Flavors Control Asthma

Rhizosphere acidification by Fe-deficient bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants was induced by trace amounts of divalent metal ions (Zn, Mn). The induction of this Fe-efficiency reaction...Full Text Available

1989-05-01

311

Regulation of rat hepatic low density lipoprotein receptors. In vivo stimulation by growth hormone is not mediated by insulin-like growth factor I.

That regulatory T cells (Tregs) have a crucial role in controlling allergic diseases such as asthma is now undisputed. The cytokines most commonly implicated in Treg-mediated suppression of...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

312

RasGrf1 deficiency delays aging in mice

Growth hormone (GH) has an important role in the regulation of hepatic LDL receptor expression and plasma lipoprotein levels. This investigation was undertaken to evaluate if these effects of GH on...Full Text Available

1996-01-15

313

Rapid oscillations in omental lipolysis are independent of changing insulin levels in vivo

RasGRF1 is a Ras-guanine nucleotide exchange factor implicated in a variety of physiological processes including learning and memory and glucose homeostasis. To determine the role of RASGRF1 in aging,...Full Text Available

314

RNA polymerase II trigger loop residues stabilize and position the incoming nucleotide triphosphate in transcription

Abnormal fat metabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study examined whether free fatty acid levels (FFAs), like insulin levels, oscillate...Full Text Available

2000-08-01

315

Purpose and regulation of stem cells: a systems-biology view from the Caenorhabditis elegans germ line

A structurally conserved element, the trigger loop, has been suggested to play a key role in substrate selection and catalysis of RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcription elongation. Recently resolved...Full Text Available

2010-09-07

316

Pulmonary metabolism of foreign compounds: its role in metabolic activation.

Stem cells are expected to play a key role in the development and maintenance of organisms, and hold great therapeutic promises. However, a number of questions must be answered to achieve an...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

317

Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Candida albicans Interactions: Localization and Fungal Toxicity of a Phenazine Derivative?

The lung has the potential of metabolizing many foreign chemicals to a vast array of metabolites with different pharmacological and toxicological properties. Because many chemicals require metabolic...Full Text Available

1990-04-01

318

Propranolol ameliorates the development of portal-systemic shunting in a chronic murine schistosomiasis model of portal hypertension.

Phenazines are redox-active small molecules that play significant roles in the interactions between pseudomonads and diverse eukaryotes, including fungi. When Pseudomonas aeruginosa...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

319

Prolonged signaling at the parathyroid hormone receptor by peptide ligands targeted to a specific receptor conformation

We investigated the role of early portal hypotensive pharmacotherapy in preventing the development of portal-systemic shunting in a portal hypertensive model of chronic murine schistosomiasis induced...Full Text Available

1991-03-01

320

Prognostic evaluation of metallothionein expression in human colorectal neoplasms.

The parathyroid hormone receptor (PTHR) is a class B G protein-coupled receptor that plays critical roles in bone and mineral ion metabolism. Ligand binding to the PTHR involves interactions to both...Full Text Available

2008-10-28

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321

Probiotic Lactobacillus spp. Diminish Helicobacter hepaticus-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Interleukin-10-Deficient Mice

AIM: To investigate the role of metallothionein in colorectal tumours and the possible relation with other factors associated with tumour progression: expression of cathepsin D (CD), CD44, p53, Rb,...Full Text Available

1999-12-01

322

Preterm low birthweight and the role of oral bacteria

Clinical and experimental evidence has demonstrated the potential role of probiotics in the prevention or treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Probiotic clones with direct immunomodulatory activity...Full Text Available

2005-02-01

323

Predictors of healthcare professionals' intention and behaviour to encourage physical activity in patients with cardiovascular risk factors

Preterm and low birthweight (PTLBW) continues to be a major cause of mortality and morbidity across the world. In recent years, maternal periodontal disease has been implicated as a risk factor for...Full Text Available

324

Pre- and Postnatal Nutritional Histories Influence Reproductive Maturation and Ovarian Function in the Rat

BackgroundHealthcare professionals can play a crucial role in optimizing the health status of patients with cardiovascular risk factors (abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, low...Full Text Available

325

Platelets in Hyperacute Rejection of Heterotopic Cardiac Allografts in Presensitized Dogs

BackgroundWhile prepubertal nutritional influences appear to play a role in sexual maturation, there is a need to clarify the potential contributions of maternal and childhood influences...Full Text Available

326

Phytoestrogens: epidemiology and a possible role in cancer protection.

Experiments were carried out to determine whether platelet aggregation plays a primary role in cardiac allograft hyperacute rejection, as has been observed in renal allograft hyperacute rejection....Full Text Available

1973-02-01

327

Phytochrome, Nitrate Movement, and Induction of Nitrate Reductase in Etiolated Pea Terminal Buds ¹

Because many diseases of the Western Hemisphere are hormone-dependent cancers, we have postulated that the Western diet, compared to a vegetarian or semivegetarian diet, may alter hormone production,...Full Text Available

1995-10-01

328

Phylometabonomic Patterns of Adaptation to High Fat Diet Feeding in Inbred Mice

The role of phytochrome in the induction of nitrate reductase of etiolated field peas (Pisum arvense L.) was examined. Terminal bud nitrate concentration increased in darkness, and...Full Text Available

1975-06-01

329

Pharmacological Stimulation of NADH Oxidation Ameliorates Obesity and Related Phenotypes in Mice

Insulin resistance plays a central role in type 2 diabetes and obesity, which develop as a consequence of genetic and environmental factors. Dietary changes including high fat diet (HFD) feeding promotes...Full Text Available

330

Patient organisations and the reimbursement process for medicines: an exploratory study in eight European countries

OBJECTIVENicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD⁺ and NADH) play a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism, and a dysregulated NAD⁺-to-NADH ratio is implicated...Full Text Available

2009-04-01

331

Pathogenic Role of NKT and NK Cells in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury is Dependent on the Presence of DMSO

BackgroundLittle is known about the role European patient organisations play in the process of deciding on reimbursement for medicines. Therefore we explore the...Full Text Available

332

Palindromic Sequence Plays a Critical Role in Human Foamy Virus Dimerization

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is commonly used in biological studies to dissolve drugs and enzyme inhibitors with low solubility. While DMSO is generally thought of as being relatively inert, it...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

333

PLESIOTHERAPY FOR NON-MELANOMA SKIN CANCER: INNOVATING TO OVERCOME!

The retroviral RNA genome is dimeric, consisting of two identical strands of RNA linked near their 5′ ends by a dimer linkage structure. Previously it was shown that human foamy virus (HFV)...Full Text Available

2001-04-01

334

P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein in acute myeloid leukaemia cells treated with the Aurora-B Kinase Inhibitor barasertib-hQPA

Background:The non-surgical management of non-melanoma skin cancers is an area requiring clinical investigation. Radiotherapy has a role in treatment for a defined subset...Full Text Available

2010-10-01

335

Only Slight Impact of Predicted Replicative Capacity for Therapy Response Prediction

BackgroundAurora kinases play an essential role in orchestrating chromosome alignment, segregation and cytokinesis during mitotic progression, with both aurora-A and B frequently...Full Text Available

336

Objective assessment of deformable image registration in radiotherapy: A multi-institution study

BackgroundReplication capacity (RC) of specific HIV isolates is occasionally blamed for unexpected treatment responses. However, the role of viral RC in response to antiretroviral...Full Text Available

337

Nucleoside Drugs Induce Cellular Differentiation by Caspase-Dependent Degradation of Stem Cell Factors

The looming potential of deformable alignment tools to play an integral role in adaptive radiotherapy suggests a need for objective assessment of these complex algorithms. Previous studies in this area...Full Text Available

2008-12-01

338

Nucleocapsid and Matrix Protein Contributions to Selective Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Genomic RNA Packaging

BackgroundStem cell characteristics are an important feature of human cancer cells and play a major role in the therapy resistance of tumours. Strategies to target cancer stem cells...Full Text Available

339

Nuclear Organization and Dynamics of 7SK RNA in Regulating Gene Expression

The nucleocapsid protein (NC) of retroviruses plays a major role in genomic RNA packaging, and some evidence has implicated the matrix protein (MA) of certain retroviruses in viral RNA binding. To further...Full Text Available

1998-03-01

340

Nuclear ? catenin as a potential prognostic and diagnostic marker in patients with colorectal cancer from Hong Kong

Noncoding RNAs play important roles in various aspects of gene regulation. We have identified 7SK RNA to be enriched in nuclear speckles or interchromatin granule clusters (IGCs), a subnuclear domain...Full Text Available

2010-12-01

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

341

Noise Susceptibility of Cochlear Implant Users: The Role of Spectral Resolution and Smearing

Aims: To study the expression of nuclear β catenin in patients with colorectal cancer, colorectal adenoma, and colorectal polyps to elucidate its role in carcinogenesis, and its...Full Text Available

2003-12-01

342

New role of bone morphogenetic protein 7 in brown adipogenesis and energy expenditure

The latest-generation cochlear implant devices provide many deaf patients with good speech recognition in quiet listening conditions. However, speech recognition deteriorates rapidly as the level of...Full Text Available

2005-03-01

343

Natural variation in life history and aging phenotypes is associated with mitochondrial DNA deletion frequency in Caenorhabditis briggsae

Adipose tissue is central to the regulation of energy balance. Two functionally different types of fat are present in mammals: white adipose tissue (WAT), the primary site of triglyceride storage,...Full Text Available

2008-08-21

344

NASA/DOD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project. Phase 2: Respondents Including Frequency Distributions.

BackgroundMutations that impair mitochondrial functioning are associated with a variety of metabolic and age-related disorders. A barrier to rigorous tests of the role of mitochondrial...Full Text Available

345

NASA/CR--- _'j_.,- 207636 - NASA Technical Report Server (NTRS)

Phase 2 of the four phase NASA/DoD Aerospace Knowledge Diffusion Research Project was undertaken to study the transfer of scientific and technical information (STI) from government to the aerospace industry and the role of librarians and technical informa...

1991-01-01

346

Molecular dynamics of a ?B DNA element: base flipping via cross-strand intercalative stacking in a microsecond-scale simulation

adenines, like adenine itself, may fllerefore have played an important role in the. RNA world. Griffin, B.E., Haslam, W.J., Reese, C. B.: 1964, J. Mo/. ...

347

Modulation of leg muscle function in response to altered demand for body support and forward propulsion during walking

The sequence-dependent structural variability and conformational dynamics of DNA play pivotal roles in many biological milieus, such as in the site-specific binding of transcription factors to target...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

348

Modulation of Expression of the ToxR Regulon in Vibrio cholerae by a Member of the Two-Component Family of Response Regulators

A number of studies have examined the functional roles of individual muscles during normal walking, but few studies have examined which are the primary muscles that respond to changes in external...Full Text Available

2009-05-11

349

Modulation of B-cell endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis by Epstein-Barr virus Latent Membrane Protein-1

The ToxRS system in Vibrio cholerae plays a central role in the modulation of virulence gene expression in response to environmental stimuli. An integration of multiple signalling inputs...Full Text Available

1998-12-01

350

Modulation of ASK1 expression during overexpression of Trx and HSP70 in stressed fish liver mitochondria

BackgroundCalcium signaling plays an important role in B lymphocyte survival and activation, and is critically dependent on the inositol-1,4,5-tris-phosphate-induced...Full Text Available

351

Mitochondrial function and redox control in the aging eye: Role of MsrA and other repair systems in cataract and macular degenerations

Mitochondrial heat shock protein 70 (mtHSP70) is found to play a primary role in cellular defense against physiological stress like exposure to environmental contaminants and helpful in the maintenance...Full Text Available

2009-09-01

352

Minocycline Synergizes with N-Acetylcysteine and Improves Cognition and Memory Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

Oxidative stress occurs when the level of prooxidants exceeds the level of antioxidants in cells resulting in oxidation of cellular components and consequent loss of cellular function. Oxidative...Full Text Available

2009-02-01

353

Micturition in conscious rats with and without bladder outlet obstruction: role of spinal alpha 1-adrenoceptors.

BackgroundThere are no drugs presently available to treat traumatic brain injury (TBI). A variety of single drugs have failed clinical trials suggesting a role for drug combinations....Full Text Available

354

Metastasis-Inducing S100A4 and RANTES Cooperate in Promoting Tumor Progression in Mice

1. In normal rats and rats with bladder hypertrophy secondary to outflow obstruction, undergoing continuous cytometry, we examined the responses to the selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist doxazosin...Full Text Available

1996-03-01

355

Metabolic labeling and direct imaging of choline phospholipids in vivo

BackgroundThe tumor microenvironment has been described as a critical milieu determining tumor growth and metastases. A pivotal role of metastasis-inducing S100A4 in the development...Full Text Available

356

Melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion-cell photoreceptors: cellular diversity and role in pattern vision

Choline (Cho)-containing phospholipids are the most abundant phospholipids in cellular membranes and play fundamental structural as well as regulatory roles in cell metabolism and signaling. Although...Full Text Available

2009-09-08

357

Mapping of the transcription start site (TSS) and identification of SNPs in the bovine neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene

Using the photopigment melanopsin, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) respond directly to light to drive circadian clock resetting and pupillary constriction. We now...Full Text Available

2010-07-15

358

BackgroundNeuropeptide Y is a key neurotransmitter of the central nervous system which plays a vital role in the feed energy homeostasis in mammals. Mutations in the regulatory and...Full Text Available

359

Manganese

Management of patients with newly diagnosed malignant primary brain tumors with a focus on the evolving role of temozolomide

Sources of manganese are identified. Uptake and distribution of manganese in plants and man are discussed, and the role of manganese in metabolism is described. The epidemiology of manganese toxicity is outlined, permissible air concentrations are listed, and the symptoms of manganese toxicity and deficiency are described. 555 references, 32 tables.

1973-01-01

360

Management and outcome of abdominal shotgun wounds. Trauma score and the role of exploratory laparotomy.

The prognosis for patients with newly diagnosed malignant gliomas remains poor; however there have been some recent advances in treatment that have generated optimism. Medical management usually includes...Full Text Available

2007-12-01

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361

Mammalian end binding proteins control persistent microtubule growth

OBJECTIVE: The management and outcome of 138 abdominal shotgun wounds were examined over a 5-year period. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: It has been proposed that exploratory laparotomy may be unnecessary...Full Text Available

1995-03-01

362

Malfunction of a Heimlich flutter valve causing tension pneumothorax: case report of a rare complication

End binding proteins (EBs) are highly conserved core components of microtubule plus-end tracking protein networks. Here we investigated the roles of the three mammalian EBs in controlling microtubule...Full Text Available

2009-03-09

363

Long-lasting inhibition of presynaptic metabolism and neurotransmitter release by protein S-nitrosylation

BackgroundThoracic injuries play an important role in major trauma patients due to their high incidence and critical relevance. A serious consequence of thoracic trauma is pneumothorax,...Full Text Available

364

Long-Lasting Adaptations of the NR2B-containing NMDA Receptors in the Dorsomedial Striatum Play a Crucial Role in Alcohol Consumption and Relapse

Nitric oxide (NO) and related reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a major role in the pathophysiology of stroke and other neurodegenerative diseases. One of the poorly understood consequences...Full Text Available

2010-09-01

365

Local inhibition of nitric oxide generation in man reduces blood flow in finger pulp but not in hand dorsum skin.

A growing number of studies suggest that the development of compulsive drug seeking and taking depends on dorsostriatal mechanisms. We previously observed that ex vivo acute...Full Text Available

2010-07-28

366

Lnk controls mouse hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and quiescence through direct interactions with JAK2

1. Nitric oxide generation is important in the regulation of resistance vessel tone. Until now, however, there has been no evidence of such a role for basal generation of nitric oxide in the skin microcirculation...Full Text Available

1996-01-15

367

Lnk constrains myeloproliferative diseases in mice

In addition to its role in megakaryocyte production, signaling initiated by thrombopoietin (TPO) activation of its receptor, myeloproliferative leukemia virus protooncogene (c-Mpl, or Mpl), controls...Full Text Available

2008-08-01

368

Lipocalin 2 in the central nervous system host response to systemic lipopolysaccharide administration

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) expansion is regulated by intrinsic signaling pathways activated by cytokines. The intracellular kinase JAK2 plays an essential role in cytokine signaling,...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

369

Lineage-specific co-evolution of the Egf receptor/ligand signaling system

BackgroundLipocalin 2 (Lcn2) is a bacteriostatic factor that may also modulate cellular function, however, little is known concerning the expression or role of Lcn2 in CNS inflammation....Full Text Available

370

Life Span Extension in Mice by Food Restriction Depends on an Energy Imbalance12

BackgroundThe epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr) with its numerous ligands has fundamental roles in development, cell differentiation and physiology. Dysfunction of the receptor-ligand...Full Text Available

371

Lesions of the posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis eliminate opposite-sex odor preference and delay copulation in male Syrian hamsters: role of odor volatility and sexual experience

In this study, our main objective was to determine whether energy restriction (ER) affects the rate of oxygen consumption of mice transiently or lastingly and whether metabolic rate plays a role in...Full Text Available

2009-03-01

372

Lectin Binding of the Major Polar Tube Protein (PTP1) and its Role in Invasion

In Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), the expression of reproductive behavior requires the perception of social odors. The behavioral response to these odors is mediated...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

373

Latent Tricuspid Valve Rupture after Motor Vehicle Accident and Routine Echocardiography in All Chest-Wall Traumas

... 2003)050[0600:LBOTMP]2.0.CO;2 Lectin Binding of the Major Polar Tube Protein (PTP1) ... PTP1. We, therefore, undertook a study ...

374

Large-scale Analysis of Thermo-stable, Mammalian Proteins Provides Insights into the Intrinsically Disordered Proteome

Blunt chest-wall trauma is common; however, resultant tricuspid valve rupture is rare and can be subtle in its presentation. Transthoracic echocardiography plays a key role in diagnosis.Herein,...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

375

Isolation and partial characterization of a specific alpha-fetoprotein receptor on human monocytes.

Intrinsically disordered proteins are predicted to be highly abundant and play broad biological roles in eukaryotic cells. In particular, by virtue of their structural malleability and propensity...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

376

Is There a Role for Patent Medicine Vendors in Tuberculosis Control in Southern Nigeria?

Since a large body of data has suggested a significant role for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the regulation of the immune response at a number of levels, we examined the possibility of a specific receptor...Full Text Available

1992-10-01

377

Involvement of AMP-activated-protein-kinase (AMPK) in neuronal amyloidogenesis

Patent medicine vendors (PMVs) are a ubiquitous feature of the informal health sector in Nigeria. A previous study on healthcare-seeking behaviour of persons with chronic cough in southern Nigeria found...Full Text Available

2010-12-01

378

Investigating the spatial variability in incidence of coronary heart disease in the Gazel cohort: the impact of area socioeconomic position and mediating role of risk factors

AMP-activated-protein-kinase (AMPK) is a key sensor and regulator of cellular and whole-body energy metabolism and plays a key role in regulation of lipid metabolism. Since lipid metabolism...Full Text Available

2010-09-03

379

Intravascular ultrasound to guide the management of intracoronary thrombus: a Case Report

Study objectiveThe study aim was to improve our understanding of the relationships between contextual socioeconomic characteristics and coronary heart disease (CHD)...Full Text Available

2011-02-01

380

Intact A?-fibers up-regulate TRPA1 and contribute to cold hypersensitivity in neuropathic rats

Percutaneous coronary intervention can be associated with distal embolization of thrombotic material causing myocardial necrosis and infarction.We discuss the role of intravascular imaging to...Full Text Available

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381

Increased prevalence of antibodies to enteropathogenic Yersinia enterocolitica virulence proteins in relatives of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease

Mechanisms underlying cold hypersensitivity in neuropathic states are unclear. Recent data indicate both TRPM8 and TRPA1 play a role. In relation to TRPA1, there are reported increases in mRNA....Full Text Available

2008-06-26

382

Increased expression of cholesterol transporter ABCA1 is highly correlated with severity of dementia in AD hippocampus

Infections have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of autoimmune diseases, and Yersinia enterocolitica (YE) might play a role in the development of autoimmune thyroid disease...Full Text Available

2003-05-01

383

Increased degradation of MYPT1 contributes to the development of tolerance to nitric oxide in porcine pulmonary artery

To gain insight into ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) function and its potential role in AD pathology, we analyzed the expression of the cholesterol transporter ABCA1...Full Text Available

2010-03-08

384

Immune-Based Therapies for Sarcoma

Myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) is the regulatory subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP). It plays a critical role in vasodilatation induced by cGMP-elevating agents such as nitric...Full Text Available

2010-07-01

385

Immune activation and IL-12 production during acute/early HIV infection in the absence and presence of highly active, antiretroviral therapy

Immunotherapy has shown promise in a number of tumor types, but its exact role in sarcoma remains to be defined. Advanced bone and soft tissue sarcomas are challenging diseases to treat with an unmet...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

386

Identification of Achaete-scute complex-like 1 (ASCL1) target genes and evaluation of DKK1 and TPH1 expression in pancreatic endocrine tumours

Suppressed IL-12 production and maladaptive immune activation, both of which are ameliorated by successful highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), are thought to play important roles in the immunopathogenesis...Full Text Available

2008-12-01

387

Identification and validation of heavy metal and radionuclide hyperaccumulating terrestrial plant species. Quarterly technical progress report, March 20, 1995--June 20, 1995

BackgroundASCL1 role in pancreatic endocrine tumourigenesis has not been established. Recently it was suggested that ASCL1 negatively controls expression of the...Full Text Available

388

Identification and Characterization of Retinoid-Active Short-Chain Dehydrogenases/Reductases in Drosophila melanogaster

The biological accumulation of heavy metals and cesium, strontium, and uranium in plants is discussed. The role of nutrient deficiencies and foliar treatments of manganese and iron compounds is described.

1995-12-01

389

ICC-MY coordinate smooth muscle electrical and mechanical activity in the murine small intestine

BackgroundIn chordates, retinoid metabolism is an important target of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs). It is not known whether SDRs play a role in retinoid...Full Text Available

2009-10-01

390

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in high-fat diet-induced obesity: role of suppression of forkhead transcription factor and atrophy gene transcription

BackgroundAnimals carrying genetic mutations have provided powerful insights into the role of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in motility. One classic model is...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

391

Human spumaretrovirus-related sequences in the DNA of leukocytes from patients with Graves disease.

Cellular hypertrophy is regulated by coordinated pro- and antigrowth machineries. Foxo transcription factors initiate an atrophy-related gene program to counter hypertrophic growth. This study was designed...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

392

Human Pol II promoter recognition based on primary sequences and free energy of dinucleotides

Viruses, and more particularly retroviruses, have been postulated to play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In a search for spumaretrovirus infection markers, we screened a group of...Full Text Available

1992-11-01

393

Human Lymphatic Architecture and Dynamic Transport Imaged Using Near-infrared Fluorescence12

BackgroundPromoter region plays an important role in determining where the transcription of a particular gene should be initiated. Computational prediction of eukaryotic Pol II promoter...Full Text Available

394

High Outcrossing in the Annual Colonizing Species Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Asteraceae)

BACKGROUND: Although the importance of lymphatic function is well recognized, the lack of real-time imaging modalities limits our understanding of its role in many diseases. In a phase...Full Text Available

395

HPV16 E2 could act as down-regulator in cellular genes implicated in apoptosis, proliferation and cell differentiation

Background and AimsVariation in mating patterns may be particularly evident in colonizing species because they commonly experience wide variation in plant density. Here, the role...Full Text Available

2008-06-01

396

HCN polymers characterized by solid state NMR: Chains and sheets formed in the neat liquid

BackgroundHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) E2 plays several important roles in the viral cycle, including the transcriptional regulation of the oncogenes E6 and E7, the regulation of the...Full Text Available

397

Global protected area impacts

Hydrogen cyanide polymerizes readily under a variety of conditions and significant prebiotic roles have been suggested for these polymers due to the abundance of HCN in universe. However, the structures...Full Text Available

2009-04-07

398

German connections behind EFL's Zn-air

Protected areas (PAs) dominate conservation efforts. They will probably play a role in future climate policies too, as global payments may reward local reductions of loss of natural land cover. We estimate...Full Text Available

2011-06-07

399

Genome-wide linkage scan for contraction velocity characteristics of knee musculature in the Leuven Genes for Muscular Strength Study

This paper describes a new concept in zinc-air battery technology and provides and insight into the role of the German Post Office and its former chairman in its commercial promotion. (UK)

1994-10-01

400

Genetical approach to oxygen toxicity. [Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The torque-velocity relationship is known to be affected by ageing, decreasing its protective role in the prevention of falls. Interindividual variability in this torque-velocity relationship is partly...Full Text Available

2008-09-01

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401

Genetic Susceptibility for Individual Cooperation Preferences: The Role of Monoamine Oxidase A Gene (MAOA) in the Voluntary Provision of Public Goods

The role of intermediate products of dioxygen reduction in cytotoxic effects ascribed to oxygen molecules was studied in vivo using various yeast mutants with changed response to oxygen stress. It has been documented that superoxide radical exerts its deleterious effects on yeast cells directly and the role of other oxygen species derived from it is hardly detectable. Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, however, cannot be considered as a typical eukaryotic organism due to its inability of synthesizing polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa). These fatty acids are known as main target molecules during oxidative stress and their peroxidation leads to cytotoxic effects. As fatty acid content could be easily manipulated in yeast, this organism was used to evaluate the contribution of pufa peroxidation process to the cytotoxic effects of oxygen. Results obtained show, that yeast cells containing linolenic acid as the main constituent of phospholipids are ...

1986-01-01

402

Gender and risk of autoimmune diseases: possible role of estrogenic compounds.

In the context of social dilemmas, previous research has shown that human cooperation is mainly based on the social norm of conditional cooperation. While in most cases individuals behave according...Full Text Available

403

From Rapid Place Learning to Behavioral Performance: A Key Role for the Intermediate Hippocampus

A striking common feature of many autoimmune diseases in humans and experimental animals, despite differences in pathology, is that females are highly susceptible to autoimmune conditions compared to...Full Text Available

1999-10-01

404

Food deprivation and the role of estradiol in mediating sexual behaviors in meadow voles

Rapid place encoding by hippocampal neurons, as reflected by place-related firing, has been intensely studied, whereas the substrates that translate hippocampal place codes into behavior have received...Full Text Available

2009-04-01

405

FIRST TRIMESTER BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS, INDIVIDUAL MICROORGANISM LEVELS AND RISK OF SECOND TRIMESTER PREGNANCY LOSS AMONG URBAN WOMEN

Female mammals are particularly sensitive to changes in food availability. The mechanisms that affect sexual behavior and food intake are closely related to one another; chief among the mechanisms...Full Text Available

2007-02-28

406

Excessive TV viewing and cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents. The AVENA cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo examine the role of first trimester bacterial vaginosis (BV) and level of BV-associated microorganisms diagnosed using the Nugent’s Gram stain...Full Text Available

2007-11-01

407

Evidence for an association between TSH and IGF-1 receptors

BackgroundExcessive television (TV) viewing might play an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to examine the independent...Full Text Available

408

Evaluation of support groups for women with breast cancer: importance of the navigator role

TSH receptor (TSHR) plays a central role in regulating thyroid function and is targeted by IgGs in Graves’ disease (GD-IgG). Whether TSHR is involved in the pathogenesis of thyroid associated...Full Text Available

2008-09-15

409

Evaluation of protector potential of extracts from Cymbopogon citratus, Maytenus ilicifolia, Baccharis genistelloides against the effects of stannous chloride: role of exonuclease III enzyme

BackgroundAt least some forms of breast cancer are increasingly being viewed as a chronic illness, where an emphasis is placed on meeting the various ongoing needs of people living...Full Text Available

410

Essential Role of Phox2b-Expressing Ventrolateral Brainstem Neurons in the Chemosensory Control of Inspiration and Expiration

Portuguese 2003 [1 p.] Brazil Soares, SF Melo, SF Costa, RF Silva, CR

2003-11-20

411

Epidemiologic studies of electric and magnetic fields and cancer: strategies for extending knowledge.

Phox2b-expressing neurons of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) located in the ventrolateral brainstem are sensitive to changes in PCO₂/pH, have excitatory projections...Full Text Available

2010-09-15

412

Environmental-induced acquisition of nuptial plumage expression: a role of denaturation of feather carotenoproteins?

Epidemiologic research concerning electric and magnetic fields in relation to cancer has focused on the potential etiologic roles of residential exposure on childhood cancer and occupational exposure...Full Text Available

1993-12-01

413

Environmental and yield aspects of heat provision

Several avian species show a bright carotenoid-based coloration during spring and following a period of duller coloration during the previous winter, despite carotenoids presumably being fully deposited...Full Text Available

2005-09-22

414

Enhancing Patient Safety by Reducing Healthcare-Associated Infections: The Role of Discovery and Dissemination

The advantages of district heating as an environmental-friendly and energy-saving technique are reviewed. The role of district heating as part of the Dutch national plan to reduce the emission of acidification and greenhouse gases by respectively 50 and 25 percent is clarified. 12 Tabs. (A.S.).

1994-01-01

415

Endogenous Nitric Oxide Protects Bacteria Against a Wide Spectrum of Antibiotics

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) take a major human toll on society and reduce public confidence in the healthcare system. The current convergence of scientific, public, and legislative...Full Text Available

2010-02-01

416

Encephalitis lethargica and the influenza virus. III. The influenza pandemic of 1918/19 and encephalitis lethargica: neuropathology and discussion*

Bacterial nitric oxide synthases (bNOS) are present in many Gram-positive species and have been demonstrated to synthesize NO from arginine in vitro and in vivo. However, the physiological role...Full Text Available

2009-09-11

417

Emergence of Switch-Like Behavior in a Large Family of Simple Biochemical Networks

This is the second of two papers which critically examine the relationship between the 1918/19 influenza pandemic and encephalitis lethargica (EL). The role of influenza in the etiology of EL...Full Text Available

2009-10-01

418

Electromagnetic and hadronic properties of tachyons

Bistability plays a central role in the gene regulatory networks (GRNs) controlling many essential biological functions, including cellular differentiation and cell cycle control. However, establishing...Full Text Available

2011-05-01

419

Electrochemical roles of precipitates on uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup of zirconium alloys, 2. Roles on hydrogen pickup

After some preliminary comments on prevailing attitudes about tachyons, the author discusses superluminal transformations and the electromagnetic properties of tachyons. Their role in quantum mechanics is examined and a relativistically invariant hadron bootstrap model, which appears to account for many hadron states, is presented. (W.D.L).

420

Electrochemical roles of precipitates on uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup of zirconium alloys, 2. Roles on hydrogen pickup

Substantial roles of precipitates such as Zr-Fe-Cr type intermetallic compounds on uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup of zirconium alloys in pure water autoclave tests were investigated from an electrochemical point of view. In the previous paper, corrosion mechanism was elucidated by the anodic protection-precipitates degradation model. This paper describes the roles on hydrogen pickup. 633 K pure water autoclave test was performed on high purity zirconium, Zr-0.2Fe, Zr-0.2Cr, and Zr-0.1Fe-0.1Cr alloys. Hydrogen analysis after the corrosion test showed that hydrogen pickup ratio of Zr-0.2Fe alloy was about 80%. It was much higher than about 30% of pure Zr and about 10% of both Zr-0.2Cr and Zr-0.1Fe-0.1Cr alloys. Larger hydrogen content was introduced into Zr-0.2Fe alloy than the other ones by the cathodic hydrogen charging under coulombic equivalence. The precipitates at metal-oxide interface could act not only as cathodic sites in the ...

2000-08-01

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421

Electrochemical roles of precipitates on uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup of zirconium alloys, 1. Roles on corrosion

Substantial roles of precipitates such as Zr-Fe-Cr type intermetallic compounds on uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup of zirconium alloys in pure water autoclave tests were investigated from an electrochemical point of view. In the previous paper, corrosion mechanism was elucidated by the anodic protection-precipitates degradation model. This paper describes the roles on hydrogen pickup. 633 K pure water autoclave test was performed on high purity zirconium, Zr-0.2Fe, Zr-0.2Cr, and Zr-0.1Fe-0.1Cr alloys. Hydrogen analysis after the corrosion test showed that hydrogen pickup ratio of Zr-0.2Fe alloy was about 80%. It was much higher than about 30% of pure Zr and about 10% of both Zr-0.2Cr and Zr-0.1Fe-0.1Cr alloys. Larger hydrogen content was introduced into Zr-0.2Fe alloy than the other ones by the cathodic hydrogen charging under coulombic equivalence. The precipitates at metal-oxide interface could act not only as cathodic sites in the ...

2000-08-01

422

Electrochemical roles of precipitates on uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup of zirconium alloys, 1. Roles on corrosion

Substantial roles of precipitates such as Zr-Fe-Cr type intermetallic compounds on uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup of zirconium alloys in pure water autoclave tests were investigated from an electrochemical point of view. This paper describes the roles on corrosion. A corrosion test on precipitate-containing and precipitate-free materials made from pure zirconium and a small quantity of iron and chromium, rest potential measurements on an intermetallic compound of Zr(FeCr){sub 2} and zirconium matrix, and a galvanic coupling test of those were performed. Results showed that corrosion behavior of zirconium alloys could be attributed to the electrochemical properties of intermetallic compounds precipitated in each alloy. Namely, the cathodic and anodic polarization characteristics were associated with anodic protection provided by the precipitates on the alloys and the precipitates degradation in the oxide films, respectively. The mechanism ...

2000-07-01

423

Effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 agonism and antagonism on schizophrenia-like cognitive deficits induced by phencyclidine in rats

Substantial roles of precipitates such as Zr-Fe-Cr type intermetallic compounds on uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup of zirconium alloys in pure water autoclave tests were investigated from an electrochemical point of view. This paper describes the roles on corrosion. A corrosion test on precipitate-containing and precipitate-free materials made from pure zirconium and a small quantity of iron and chromium, rest potential measurements on an intermetallic compound of Zr(FeCr)_2 and zirconium matrix, and a galvanic coupling test of those were performed. Results showed that corrosion behavior of zirconium alloys could be attributed to the electrochemical properties of intermetallic compounds precipitated in each alloy. Namely, the cathodic and anodic polarization characteristics were associated with anodic protection provided by the precipitates on the alloys and the precipitates degradation in the oxide films, respectively. The mechanism was ...

2000-07-01

424

Effects of Environmental Factors on Microbial Populations in Brackish Waters off the Southern Coast of Finland

Dysregulation of glutamate neurotransmission may play a role in cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Manipulation of glutamate signaling using drugs acting at metabotropic glutamate receptors...Full Text Available

2010-08-10

425

Effect of orientation on the in vitro fracture toughness ofdentin: The role of toughening mechanisms

The roles played by environmental factors in seasonal changes in microbial populations were investigated in the Tvärminne area, off the southern coast of Finland. Surface-layer samples were...Full Text Available

1980-07-01

426

EFFECT OF AGE ON THE ROLE OF RHO-KINASE IN SHORT TERM PARTIAL BLADDER OUTLET OBSTRUCTION

A micro-mechanistic understanding of bone fracture thatencompasses how cracks interact with the underlying microstructure anddefines their local failure mode is lacking, despite extensive research nthe response of bone to a variety of factors like aging, loading, and/ordisease.

2003-01-28

427

Dual Roles of Nrf2 in Cancer

ObjectivesWe examined the expression of Rho Kinase (ROK) isoforms in young and old rabbit’s detrusor smooth muscles (SM) during the progression of short term...Full Text Available

2008-03-01

428

Downregulation of Serum Gonadotropins is as Effective as Estrogen Replacement at Improving Menopause-Associated Cognitive Deficits

In response to oxidative stress, the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) controls the fate of cells through transcriptional upregulation of antioxidant response element (ARE)-bearing...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

429

Does school attendance reduce the risk of youth homelessness in Tanzania?

While estrogen (E2) is thought to play an important role in age-related cognitive decline, neuronal plasticity, as well as the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD), the mechanisms by which...Full Text Available

2010-02-01

430

Does physical anhedonia play a role in depression? A 20-year longitudinal study

BackgroundThis paper is based on data gathered from a 2006 survey of 1,098 "street children" in Northern Tanzania. It examines the role that school may play in preventing the migration...Full Text Available

431

Does Damage to DNA and Other Macromolecules Play a Role in Aging? If So, How?

BackgroundAnhedonia towards physical or sensory experiences (i.e., physical anhedonia) has most often been examined as a differentia of schizophrenia and not depression,...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

432

Do the Obese Have Lower Body Temperatures? A New Look at a Forgotten Variable in Energy Balance

One of the most pervasive ideas regarding the causes of aging is that longevity is constrained in large measure by damage to macromolecules. An increasing body of cellular and molecular data, generated...Full Text Available

2009-02-01

433

Divergent Regulation of Angiopoietin-1 and -2, Tie-2, and Thrombospondin-1 Expression by Estrogen in the Baboon Endometrium

Understanding the pathogenesis of obesity is now more important than ever, given the remarkable world-wide epidemic. This paper explores the potential role of core temperature in energy balance, and...Full Text Available

2009-01-01

434

Discovering Networks of Perturbed Biological Processes in Hepatocyte Cultures

SUMMARYEstrogen has an important role in the reconstruction of a new vascular network in the endometrium during each menstrual cycle; however, the underlying mechanisms...Full Text Available

2010-05-01

435

Differentially regulated malate synthase genes participate in carbon and nitrogen metabolism of S. cerevisiae.

The liver plays a vital role in glucose homeostasis, the synthesis of bile acids and the detoxification of foreign substances. Liver culture systems are widely used to test adverse effects of drugs...Full Text Available

436

Developmental Changes in Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide Expression during the Perinatal Period: Possible Role in Fetal Gonadotroph Regulation

We have isolated a second gene (MLS1), which in addition to DAL7, encodes malate synthase from S. cerevisiae. Expression of the two genes is specific for their physiological roles in carbon and nitrogen...Full Text Available

1992-11-11

437

Development of rat CA1 neurones in acute Versus organotypic slices: role of experience in synaptic morphology and activity

Normal reproductive functioning may require secretion of LH independently of FSH. Variation in GnRH pulse frequency and inhibin negative feedback are mechanisms for differential gonadotropin regulation;...Full Text Available

2009-10-01

438

Development of circadian rhythmicity and light responsiveness in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus: a study using the 2-deoxy[1-14C]glucose method.

Despite their wide use, the physiological relevance of organotypic slices remains controversial. Such cultures are prepared at 5 days postnatal. Although some local circuitry remains intact, they develop...Full Text Available

2003-07-01

439

Development of a Selective Modulator of Aryl Hydrocarbon (Ah) Receptor Activity that Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory Properties

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is thought to play a critical role in circadian rhythm generation and entrainment to the light/dark cycle. In adult rats, the SCN shows a circadian...Full Text Available

1980-02-01

440

Detrusor overactivity is associated with downregulation of large-conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium channel protein

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates the toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. However, the role of the AHR...Full Text Available

2010-05-17

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

441

Deposition and retention of inhaled fibres: effects on incidence of lung cancer and mesothelioma.

Large-conductance voltage- and calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels have been shown to play a role in detrusor overactivity (DO). The goal of this study was to determine whether bladder outlet...Full Text Available

2010-06-01

442

Deglutathionylation of 2-Cys Peroxiredoxin Is Specifically Catalyzed by Sulfiredoxin*

A review of the literature on chronic inhalation studies in which rats were exposed to mineral fibres at known fibre number concentrations was undertaken to examine the specific roles of fibre length...Full Text Available

1994-12-01

443

DOD (Department of Defense) Acquisition: Case Study of the MILSTAR (Military Strategic and Tactical Relay) Satellite Communications System.

Reversible protein glutathionylation plays a key role in cellular regulation and cell signaling and protects protein thiols from hyperoxidation. Sulfiredoxin (Srx), an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction...Full Text Available

2009-08-28

444

DNA replication in vertebrates requires a homolog of the Cdc7 protein kinase

The study of the Military Strategic and Tactical Relay (MILSTAR) program focuses on the role of the program manager and contracting officer in developing the acquisition strategy.

1986-01-01

445

Cyberpharmacies and the role of the US Food And Drug Administration

CDC7 is an essential gene required for DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cdc7p homologs have recently been identified in vertebrates, but their role in DNA...Full Text Available

1999-03-16

446

Current Role and Future Perspectives of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Radiation Oncology for Prostate Cancer

The sale of consumer products over the Internet has grown rapidly, including the sale of drugs. While the growth in online drug sales by reputable pharmacies is a trend that may provide benefits to...Full Text Available

447

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray analysis of human liver ?-enolase

Prostatic neoplasms are not uniformly distributed within the prostate volume. With recent developments in three-dimensional intensity-modulated and imageguided radiation therapy, it is possible to treat...Full Text Available

2007-06-01

448

Critical nucleus size for disease-related polyglutamine aggregation is repeat length dependent

Enolase is a multifunctional enzyme that plays important roles in many biological and disease processes. α-Enolase from human liver (hENO1) was expressed as a soluble protein and purified by...Full Text Available

449

Computing needs of the superconducting super collider

Since polyglutamine (polyQ) aggregate formation has been implicated as playing an important role in expanded CAG repeat diseases, it is important to understand the biophysics underlying the...Full Text Available

2011-03-01

450

Computational approaches to discovering semantics in molecular biology

Following a brief description of the SSC, the computing needs are discussed for both the accelerator design and the experimentation. The computing power required is considerably beyond that being used at present facilities, and parallel processing is expected to play an important role in supplying these needs.

1984-01-01

451

Comparative transcripts profiling reveals new insight into molecular processes regulating lycopene accumulation in a sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) red-flesh mutant

One of the central questions of molecular biology is the discovery of the semantics of DNA. This discovery relies in a critical way on a variety of expensive computations. In order to solve these computations, both parallel computers and special-purpose hardware play a major role.

1989-07-01

452

Chronobiological analysis and mass spectrometric characterization of pigment-dispersing factor in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

BackgroundInterest in lycopene metabolism and regulation is growing rapidly because accumulative studies have suggested an important role for lycopene in human health promotion....Full Text Available

453

Chronic inflammation and estradiol interact through MAPK activation to affect TMJ nociceptive processing by trigeminal caudalis neurons

Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) is a neuropeptide that plays a prominent role in the circadian clock of several insects. The cockroach Leucophaea maderae...Full Text Available

454

China pursues major role in particle physics

The mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway plays a key role in mediating estrogen actions in the brain and neuronal sensitization during inflammation....Full Text Available

2009-12-29

455

CERN Multimedia

Mao Zedong dreamed of splitting an electron; this was no idle diversion. According to natural dialectics, which formed the philosophical underpinnings of Marxism, the entire universe, from top to bottom, was seething with tension and change. (1 page)

2006-01-01

456

Chemoprevention of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer With Celecoxib: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Characterizing and estimating rice brown spot disease severity using stepwise regression, principal component regression and partial least-square regression*

BackgroundPreclinical studies indicate that the enzyme cyclooxygenase 2 plays an important role in ultraviolet-induced skin cancers. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of celecoxib,...Full Text Available

2010-12-15

457

Changes in the surface fine structure of ependyma of the rat third ventricle following operative leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.

Detecting plant health conditions plays a key role in farm pest management and crop protection. In this study, measurement of hyperspectral leaf reflectance in rice crop (Oryzasativa...Full Text Available

2007-10-01

458

Caveolin-1 as a Novel Indicator of Wound-Healing Capacity in Aged Human Corneal Epithelium

The role of the ventricular ependyma in the elaboration of cerebrospinal fluid under resting conditions is well documented. In an attempt to elucidate its response to cerebrospinal fluid leakage, male...Full Text Available

1985-01-01

459

Calcium Effects on Stomatal Movement in Commelina communis L. ¹

Excess caveolin-1 has been reported to play a role in age-dependent hyporesponsiveness to growth factors in vitro. Therefore, we hypothesized that caveolin-1–dependent hyporesponsiveness...Full Text Available

2010-11-01

460

CRF receptors in the nucleus accumbens modulate partner preference in prairie voles

Stomatal movements depend on both ion influx and efflux; attainment of steady state apertures reflects modulation of either or both processes. The role of Ca²⁺ in those two processes was...Full Text Available

1988-07-01

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461

Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using a Microfluidic Multiplexed Immunohistochemistry Platform

Recent evidence suggests a role for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the regulation of pair bonding in prairie voles. We have previously shown that monogamous and non-monogamous vole...Full Text Available

2007-04-01

462

Blowing in the Wind: Unanchored Patient Information Work during Cancer Care

BackgroundBiomarkers play a key role in risk assessment, assessing treatment response, and detecting recurrence and the investigation of multiple biomarkers may also prove useful...Full Text Available

463

Bacterial Competition for Human Nasal Cavity Colonization: Role of Staphylococcal agr Alleles

Patients do considerable information work. Technologies that help patients manage health information so they can play active roles in their health-care, such as personal health records, provide...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

464

Auxin Biosynthesis during Seed Germination in Phaseolus vulgaris¹

We examined the bacterial aerobic nasal flora of 216 healthy volunteers to identify potential competitive interactions among different species, with special emphasis on the influence of staphylococcal...Full Text Available

2003-01-01

465

Astrocyte-Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Stabilizes Vessels in the Developing Retinal Vasculature

The relative roles of de novo biosynthesis of indoleacetic acid (IAA) and IAA conjugates stored in mature seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in supplying auxin to germinating bean seedlings...Full Text Available

1992-09-01

466

Association of Protein Phosphatase 1?₁ with Spinophilin Suppresses Phosphatase Activity in a Parkinson Disease Model*

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in normal development as well as retinal vasculature disease. During retinal vascularization, VEGF is most strongly expressed by not yet...Full Text Available

467

Association between a functional polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene and diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome in women

Sustained nigrostriatal dopamine depletion increases the serine/threonine phosphorylation of multiple striatal proteins that play a role in corticostriatal synaptic plasticity, including Thr²⁸⁶...Full Text Available

2008-05-23

468

Association Study of Serine Racemase Gene with Methamphetamine Psychosis

Background and aims: Serotonin (5-hydroxtryptamine, 5-HT) is an important factor in gut function, playing key roles in intestinal peristalsis and secretion, and in sensory...Full Text Available

2004-10-01

469

Assessing the Left Ventricular Systolic Function at the Bedside: The Role of Transpulmonary Thermodilution-Derived Indices

Experimental studies have demonstrated that not only dopaminergic signaling but also glutamatergic/NMDA receptor signaling play indispensable roles in the development of methamphetamine psychosis. Our...Full Text Available

2011-03-01

470

Arabidopsis and Tobacco SUPERMAN regulate hormone signalling and mediate cell proliferation and differentiation

Evaluating the systolic function of the left ventricle (LV) is important in the hemodynamic management of the critically ill patients with circulatory failure. Echocardiography is considered the standard...Full Text Available

2011-01-01

471

Antibodies to synthetic peptides from the tubulin regulatory domain interact with tubulin and microtubules.

Arabidopsis thaliana SUPERMAN (SUP) plays an important role during flower development by maintaining the boundary between stamens and carpels in the inner two whorls....Full Text Available

2011-01-01

472

Angiotensin II Promotes Development of the Renal Microcirculation through AT₁ Receptors

The carboxyl-terminal region of tubulin alpha and beta subunits plays a major role in regulating its assembly into microtubules and constitutes an essential domain for the selective interaction of microtubule-associated...Full Text Available

1988-09-01

473

Analysis of Quantitative Interactions between Two Species of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Glomus mosseae and G. intraradices, by Real-Time PCR

Pharmacologic or genetic deletion of components of the renin-angiotensin system leads to postnatal kidney injury, but the roles of these components in kidney development are unknown. To test the hypothesis...Full Text Available

2010-03-01

474

Amygdala projections to central amygdaloid nucleus subdivisions and transition zones in the primate

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate biotrophs, known to play an important role in ecological processes. Conventional light microscopy is the most common method used to detect their presence...Full Text Available

2006-06-01

475

Ageing in Drosophila: The role of the insulin/Igf and TOR signalling network

In rats and primates, the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeN) is most known for its role in responses to fear stimuli. Recent evidence also shows that the CeN is required for directing attention...Full Text Available

2009-03-17

476

A remarkable discovery of recent years is that, despite the complexity of ageing, simple genetic interventions can increase lifespan and improve health during ageing in laboratory animals. The pathways...Full Text Available

2011-05-01

477

Affective and Personality Risk and Cognitive Mediators of Initial Adolescent Alcohol Use*

The cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) has emerged as a key regulator of metabolism, stress resistance and longevity. Apart from its role as ...Full Text Available

478

Advanced MRI Methods for Assessment of Chronic Liver Disease

Objective:This study examined the role of cognitive factors—such as expectancies regarding the consequences of not drinking and perceptions of peer drinking—in...Full Text Available

2010-07-01

479

Adrenaline modulates the global transcriptional profile of Salmonella revealing a role in the antimicrobial peptide and oxidative stress resistance responses

MRI plays an increasingly important role for assessment of patients with chronic liver disease. MRI has numerous advantages, including lack of ionizing radiation and the possibility of performing...Full Text Available

2009-07-01

480

Adipocyte Apoptosis, a Link between Obesity, Insulin Resistance, and Hepatic Steatosis*

BackgroundThe successful interaction of bacterial pathogens with host tissues requires the sensing of specific chemical and physical cues. The human gut contains a huge number of...Full Text Available

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

481

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli and Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1? Have an Antagonistic Connection

Adipocyte death has been reported in both obese humans and rodents. However, its role in metabolic disorders, including insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation associated with obesity...Full Text Available

2010-01-29

482

Abnormalities of GATA-1 in Megakaryocytes from Patients with Idiopathic Myelofibrosis

The tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is mutated in the majority of colorectal cancers and is best known for its role as a scaffold in a Wnt-regulated protein complex that determines...Full Text Available

2010-11-01

483

Abciximab: a reappraisal of its use in coronary care

The abnormal megakaryocytopoiesis associated with idiopathic myelofibrosis (IM) plays a role in its pathogenesis. Because mice with defective expression of transcription factor GATA-1 (GATA-1^low...Full Text Available

2005-09-01

484

A simple method to systematically study oxidatively-modified proteins in biological samples and its applications

Platelet reactivity plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ischemic adverse events during and after acute coronary syndromes (ACS), and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Glycoprotein (GP)...Full Text Available

2008-03-01

485

A role of ygfZ in the Escherichia coli response to plumbagin challenge

Increased oxidative stress with elevated levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of many disease states. Increased ROS/RNS can...Full Text Available

2010-01-01

486

A possible role of decreased relaxation mediated by beta-adrenoceptors in bladder outlet obstruction by benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Plumbagin is found in many herbal plants and inhibits the growth of various bacteria. Escherichia coli strains are relatively resistant to this drug. The mechanism of resistance is...Full Text Available

487

A novel role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in centrosome amplification - implications for chemoprevention

1. To explore mechanisms of urinary obstruction in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), the features of contraction and relaxation in human hyperplastic and non-hyperplastic (control) prostatic tissues...Full Text Available

1992-11-01

488

A novel approach for predicting the uptake and toxicity of metallic and metalloid ions

BackgroundCentrosome aberrations can cause genomic instability and correlate with malignant progression in common human malignancies such as breast and prostate cancer. Deregulation...Full Text Available

489

A non-radioactive dot-blot assay for transglutaminase activity

Electrostatic nature of plant plasma membrane (PM) plays significant roles in the ion uptake and toxicity. Electrical potential at the PM exterior surface (ψ₀^o) influences...Full Text Available

2011-03-01

490

A membrane-associated progesterone-binding protein, 25-Dx, is regulated by progesterone in brain regions involved in female reproductive behaviors

Aberrant transglutaminase (TG) activity has been implicated in the pathology of numerous diseases including Huntington disease and Alzheimer disease. To fully characterize the role of TGs in...Full Text Available

2009-07-01

491

A haplotype map of the human genome

The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) plays a central role in the regulation of the female reproductive behavior lordosis, a behavior dependent upon the sequential activation of receptors for the ovarian...Full Text Available

2000-11-07

492

A global role for KLF1 in erythropoiesis revealed by ChIP-seq in primary erythroid cells

Inherited genetic variation has a critical but as yet largely uncharacterized role in human disease. Here we report a public database of common variation in the human genome: more than one million...Full Text Available

2005-10-27

493

A direct role for serum albumin in the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids.

KLF1 regulates a diverse suite of genes to direct erythroid cell differentiation from bipotent progenitors. To determine the local cis-regulatory contexts and transcription factor networks...Full Text Available

2010-08-01

494

A Strong Case for Viral Genetic Factors in HIV Virulence

The interaction of long-chain fatty acids with cells is important for their uptake and metabolism, as well as their involvement in signalling processes. The majority of long-chain fatty acids circulating...Full Text Available

1995-05-15

495

A Review of the Biochemistry, Metabolism and Clinical Benefits of Thiamin(e) and Its Derivatives

HIV infections show great variation in the rate of progression to disease, and the role of viral genetic factors in this variation had remained poorly characterized until recently. Now a series of four...Full Text Available

496

A Predictive Risk Probability Approach for Microarray Data with Survival as an Endpoint

Thiamin(e), also known as vitamin B1, is now known to play a fundamental role in energy metabolism. Its discovery followed from the original early research on the ‘anti-beriberi factor’...Full Text Available

2006-03-01

497

A Population-Based, Longitudinal Study of Erectile Dysfunction and Future Coronary Artery Disease

Gene expression profiling has played an important role in cancer risk classification and has shown promising results. Since gene expression profiling often involves determination of a set of...Full Text Available

2008-01-01

498

A Dominant Role for the Immunoproteasome in CD8⁺ T Cell Responses to Murine Cytomegalovirus

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between erectile dysfunction (ED) and the long-term risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the role of age as a modifier of this association.PARTICIPANTS...Full Text Available

2009-02-01

499

A Conserved Role for Phosphoinositide-3-Kinase but Not Akt Signaling in Mitochondrial Adaptations that Accompany Physiological Cardiac Hypertrophy

Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is an important animal model of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a β-Herpesvirus that infects the majority of the world's population and causes disease in neonates...Full Text Available

500