Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A two-phase flow regime map is developed experimentally and theoretically for a vertical hexagonal flow channel with and without a 36-finned rod hexagonal bundle. This type of flow channel is of interest to MAPLE-type nuclear research reactors. The flow regime maps are determined by visual observations and observation of waveforms shown by a capacitance-type void fraction meter. The experimental results show that the inclusion of the finned hexagonal bundle shifts the flow regime transition boundaries toward higher water flow rates. Existing flow regime maps based on pipe flow require slight modifications when applied to the hexagonal flow channel with and without a MAPLE-type finned hexagonal bundle. The proposed theoretical model agrees well with experimental results.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A Real-Time Neutron Radiography (RTNR) system is developed to determine two-phase flow parameters for a vertical co-current two-phase flow channel with a hexagonal finned bundle. Image processing techniques are applied to visualize the two-phase flow, and procedures for measuring flow regime, cross-sectional averaged void fraction, time averaged void fraction, and void distribution for this complex geometry are discussed. The results show that the experimental flow regime map agrees well with an existing flow regime model for a hexagonal fined bundle. The hexagonal finned bundle is observed to significantly affect the void fraction, void migration, and void fluctuation along the axial flow channel.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Previous flow regime studies have been for horizontal, vertical, and inclined pipe flow. As such, only a few studies have been performed on bundle geometries. The present paper examines the flow regimes for a vertical hexagonal flow channel with and without a finned fuel bundle. This type of a 36 finned rod hexagonal fuel bundle in parallel hexagonal flow channels is used in a MAPLE (Multi- purpose Applied Physics Lattice Experimental) type nuclear reactor. An experiment apparatus was designed consisting of the flow channel, inlet plenum and an air-water separator. The inlet plenum is used to provide a uniform mixture of air and water before entering the hexagonal flow channel. A turbine flow meter is used to determine the water flow rate. The turbine flow meter is calibrated for a low flow range and limits the measurable flow to 50 l/min. Flow pattern observation is determined by a SONY video camera, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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Science.gov (United States)

... Measuring Instruments ..... 7-18 7.4 Power Spectral Density Measurements of Random DaL. .... 7-19 7 ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

By choosing appropriate microemulsion systems, hexagonal cobalt (Co) and cobalt-nickel (1:1) alloy nanoparticles have been obtained with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a cationic surfactant at 500degreeC. This method thus stabilizes the hcp cobalt even at sizes (<10nm) at which normally fcc cobalt is predicted to be stable. On annealing the hcp cobalt nanoparticles in H2 at 700degreeC we could transform them to fcc cobalt nanoparticles. Microscopy studies show the formation of spherical nanoparticles of hexagonal and cubic forms of cobalt and Co-Ni (1:1) alloy nanoparticles with the average size of 4, 8 and 20nm, respectively. Electrochemical studies show that the catalytic property towards oxygen evolution is dependent on the applied voltage. At low voltage (less than 0.65V) the Co (he...

Science.gov (United States)

Following studies on fiber and sheet texture of hexagonal crystal system in 1988, work has been extended to tube texture. Using the zircaloy-4 fuel cladding of Wolsung-type reactor as specimen, six pole figures for different crystallographic planes were m...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The paramagnetic susceptibility of single crystals of dysprosium-yttirum alloys is measured in the basal plane and along the hexagonal axis. It is shown that the susceptibility of the alloys obeys the Curie-Weiss law, the effective magnetic moments allong the different directions being the same and the paramagnetic Curie temperatures being different. The difference between the paramagnetic Curie temperatures in the basal plane and along the hexagonal axis is independent of the dysprosium concentration in the alloy. As a comparison with the theoretical models of magnetic anisotropy shows, this is an indication that the magnetic anisotropy of dysprosium - yttrium alloys is of a single-ion nature.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

English 2007 [1 p.] Brazil Laschuk, A. Silveira, PA da Bizarro, CV Carvalho,

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Portuguese 2008 2 p. Brazil Silva, Diogo Lima da Andrade, Leonardo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Science.gov (United States)

N F Q k q V N h l b hs x j p bN t gX Y I r bN X U Y Fff c o t dA A p A DA2 AC7LAR A Ak VAwt A jA A A A t A bNA A A dZA A A A A A X A A M A LA A E A A wA V A A A A oA V A A oA M A...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The 37/67 kDa laminin receptor (LAMR) is a multifunctional protein, acting as an extracellular receptor, localizing to the nucleus, and playing roles in rRNA processing and ribosome assembly....Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This study aims to investigate the difference in the interaction of antimicrobial peptides with two classes of zwitterionic peptides, phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) and phosphatidylcholines (PC). Further experiments were performed on model membranes prepared from specific bacterial lipids, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) isolated from Salmonella minnesota. The structure of the lipid-peptide aqueous dispersions was studied by small-and wide-angle X-ray diffraction during heating and cooling from 5 to 85 C. The lipids and peptides were mixed at lipid-to-peptide ratios 10-10000 (POPE and POPC) or 2-50 (LPS). All experiments were performed at synchrotron soft condensed matter beamline A2 in Hasylab at Desy in Hamburg, Germany. The phases were identified and the lattice parameters were calculated. Alamethicin and melittin interact in similar ways with the lipids. Pure POPC forms only lamellar phases. POPE forms lamellar phases at low temperatures that upon heating transform into a highly curved ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Highly ordered arrays of Ni nanoholes and Fe20Ni80 antidots have been prepared, respectively, by replica/antireplica processing and sputtering techniques using nanoporous alumina membranes as templates. Geometrical characteristics as nanohole/antidot diameter, interpore distance and the overall hexagonal symmetry of arrays are controlled through the original templates. Experimental data on their hysteresis and magnetic domain structure have been taken by vibrating sample magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy, respectively. An analysis of the magnetization process, resulting magnetic anisotropy and magnetic domain structure is summarized considering the influence of those geometry aspects. In particular, the hexagonal symmetry and the density of nanohole/antidots determine the overall magnetic behavior, which is of interest in future high-density magnetic storage systems.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The transformation mechanism of hexagonal delta phase from the disordered bcc gamma phase has not been reported before in the Zr-rich U-Zr alloy system. With the help of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM analyses it was shown that the gamma to delta conversion takes place by the lattice collapse mechanism of omega transformation. It was also ascertained that a higher aging temperature or time promotes the growth of all four variants of the delta phase within a parent gamma grain. In addition, ab initio electronic structure calculations showed that the bcc to hexagonal transformation, involving partial ordering of the parent bcc phase followed by (111) plane collapse, is energetically favorable.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors describe a small doubly reflecting research furnace. Its optical components, a heliostat and a concentrating array of hexagonal-in-plan-form mirrors, focus sunlight at the aperture of a cavity receiver. A perfect paraboloid of revolution would have given higher concentration ratios. But large paraboloids are difficult to make and manipulate. Small hexagons are convenient and can be close packed. Spherical mirrors centered on a sphere simplified construction and were economical. In this note they use a simple model to describe the radial distribution of the normal flux at the focus of such an array. A schematic representation of a cross section of the concentrator mirror array in a plane which includes its axis is shown.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We present a study of the crystal field in PrNiAl, NdNiAl, ErNiAl and ErCuAl intermetallic compounds based on inelastic neutron spectroscopy. These compounds crystallize in the ZrNiAl-type hexagonal structure with an orthorhombic symmetry on rare-earth sites. The results are compared with the specific-heat data, and the lower parts of the crystal-field energy-level schemes are determined. (orig.)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The ErNi_1_- _x Cu _x Al compounds crystallize all in the hexagonal ZrNiAl-type structure. The concentration dependence of lattice constants shows a discontinuity between x=0.5 and 0.6. This structural change has no primary impact on the magnetic order in this series, but influences the crystal field. The lower part of the crystal-field energy-level schemes has been estimated from the specific-heat data.

Science.gov (United States)

... and Duellman (1982). Vocalizations were recorded with a Panasonic minicassette recorder RQ-L319 with a jWIN JM- ... ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The LW blood group antigens reside on a 42-kDa erythrocyte membrane glycoprotein that was purified by immunoaffinity and partially sequenced. From this information, a specific PCR-amplified DNA fragment...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the mammalian midbrain exhibit unusually low firing frequencies in vitro. Furthermore, injection of depolarizing current induces depolarization block before high...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The cloned 135-kDa CryIC delta-endotoxin from Bacillus thuringiensis is a lepidopteran-active toxin, displaying high activity in vivo against Spodoptera litoralis and Spodoptera frugiperda larvae and...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

CERN Document Server

Reactor neutrinos play an important role in determining parameter theta_{13} in the lepton mixing (PMNS) matrix. Next important step on measuring PMNS matrix could be to build another reactor neutrino experiment in DaYa bay, China, to search the possible oscillations via sin^2 (2theta_{13}) and Delta m^2_{13}. We consider 4 different schemes for positions of three 8-ton detectors of this experiment, and simulate the results with respect to an array of assumed ''true'' values of physics parameters. Using three kinds of analysis method, we suggest a best scheme for DaYa-Bay which is to place a detector 2200m ~ 2500m symmetrically away from two reactors, and to put the other two detectors closer to their corresponding reactors respectively, almost at a 100m \\~ 200m distance. Moreover, with conservative assumption on the experimental technique, we construct series of allowed regions from our simulation results, and give detailed explanations ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Computer-assisted analysis revealed a striking sequence similarity between the putative 24-kDa protein (p24) encoded by open reading frame (ORF) 5 of beet yellows closterovirus and the coat protein...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

No abstract prepared.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Several works about annual meeting of the Brazilian Chemical Society are present.The search for medicinal chemistry, natural products, biological chemistry, and organic chemistry are shown. Conventional methods and some techniques are discussed and developments of new methods of determining are studied. The use of new chemical compounds, materials, structures and chemical analysis are shown.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This work demonstrate the gasoline volatility influence, at T 10%, T 50% and T 90% distillation points, on the dynamic performance of Otto cycle engines equipped with fuel sequential electronic injection system, by using test standard procedures in dynamometer. For each distillation points three value ranges were established, giving the rise of 27 different gasoline mixtures. The effects of variation in each point on consumption, power and acceleration were verified.

CERN Document Server

Let $\\A$ be an irreducible Coxeter arrangement and $\\bfk$ be a multiplicity of $\\A$. We study the derivation module $D(\\A, \\bfk)$. Any two-dimensional irreducible Coxeter arrangement with even number of lines is decomposed into two orbits under the action of the Coxeter group. In this paper, we will {explicitly} construct a basis for $D(\\A, \\bfk)$ assuming $\\bfk$ is constant on each orbit. Consequently we will determine the exponents of $(\\A, \\bfk)$ under this assumption. For this purpose we develop a theory of universal derivations and introduce a map to deal with our exceptional cases.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The dependence of the mobility of DNA molecules through an hexagonal array of micropillars on their length and the applied electric field was investigated and it was found that mobility is a nonmonotonic function of their length. Results also revealed that the size dependence of the DNA mobility depends on the applied electric field and there is a crossover around E 25 V/cm for the mobility of l-DNA and T4-DNA. These observations are explained in terms of the diffusion process inside the structure affected by the solvent and are modeled using the Langevin and its corresponding Fokker-Planck equations. The phenomenon is generalized under three regimes in a phase diagram relating the electric field and the DNA lengths. The model and the associated phase diagram described here provide an expl...

Science.gov (United States)

A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the 10 major components of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction (rhein, emodin, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, rheochrysidin, naringin, naringenin, hesperidin, magnolol and honokiol) in dog plasma. Plasma samples were spiked with internal standard (ibuprofen), acidified with HCl and extracted twice by liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate. Separation was performed on a YMC-Pack ODS-A C(18) column (5 microm, 150 mm x 4.6 mm) and a C(18) guard column (5 microm, 4.0 mm x 2.0 mm) with methanol-water (92:8, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The LC/MS system was operated under the multiple reaction monitoring mode using electrospray ionization in the negative ion mode. All analytes showed good linearity over a wide concentration range (r>0.99). The linear range of the calibration curves was 5000-19.53 ng/mL for rhein; 400-3.13 ng/mL for emodin; 800-3.13 ng/mL ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In January 2001, Husky Oil Operations Limited (Husky), in joint-venture with Petro-Canada submitted a Development Application (DA) to the Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board (C-NLOPB) for the White Rose Development. This DA was prepared following the Canada-Newfoundland Atlantic Accord Implementation Act and the Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Atlantic Accord Implementation Newfoundland and Labrador Act. In December 2001, the C-NLOPB approved the White Rose DA. This document outlined a proposed amendment to the original Development Plan involving an expansion of its White Rose Development in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin on the Grand Bank. The expansion will consist of a subsea tie-back to the Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessel through the existing Southern Glory Hole (SGH) and utilizing a new glory hole constructed approximately 4 km south of the SGH. The document presented ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

a-Dystroglycan is an extracellular adhesion protein that is known to interact with different ligands. The interaction is thought to stabilize the integrity of the plasma membrane. The N-terminal part of a-dystroglycan may be proteolytically processed to generate a small 38kDa protein (a-DG-N). The physiological significance of a-DG-N is unclear but has been suggested to be involved in nerve regeneration and myelination and to function as a potential biomarker for neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases. In this report we show that a-DG-N is released into different body fluids, such as lachrimal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), urine and plasma. To investigate the significance of a-DG-N in CSF we examined the levels of a-DG-N and known neurodegenerative markers in CSF from patients di...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper explores the through-/in-plane characteristics of water transport in the cathode gas diffusion layer (GDL) of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC). Theoretical analysis is performed on the non-isothermal two-phase flow under flow channels. A dimensionless group Da (Damkohler number for PEFC operation), defined as the ratio of water generation rate to water vapor-phase removal rate, is formulated to characterize the flow regimes in a PEFC. This group, lumping geometrical parameters and physical properties, compares the water vapor-phase removal capability (via water diffusion and holding capacity) with the rate of water production by the oxygen reduction reaction. We find that this dimensionless group can be used to characterize the non-isothermal, two-phase phenomena: when Da&...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Composting of sawdust and paper mill sludge, using a 'Kneer' process reactor, was studied in an attempt to elaborate upon organic matter transformation during the process and to define parameters to measure the compost maturity level. Temperature, electron paramagnetic resonance data, ash and C, H, N and S contents, and a spectroscopic method using ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) for alkaline (pH = 8.5) and solid samples was used to study the maturity of the compost samples. These parameters were measured in 6 humic acids extracted from the compost samples during 29 days. The results of this work show that the 'Kneer' process is efficient in transforming ligno-celulitic residues in a short time (29 days), into an organic fertilizer material with application perspectives (author)

Science.gov (United States)

da[o0 $_2&#b tdkh ]ChN zcc _Z,Z J"^X \\$B.kxV u=;Q t%{{Q !dFb >eiPs`d "]ZE Kosh { V=w B:n+ _[H9~ q+sg ^zm& (Q'3|Y gi'72 4w(J= 6r|A Thyg 1]Lv !. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A #lambda#gt11 cDNA library was constructed from poly(U)-Spharose-selected Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite RNA in order to clone and identify surface antigens. The library was screened with rabbit polyclonal anti-E. histolytica serum. A 700-base-pair cDNA insert was isolated and the nucleotide sequence was determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA revealed a cysteine-rich protein. DNA hybridizations showed that the gene was specific to E. histolytica since the cDNA probe reacted with DNA from four axenic strains of E. histolytica but did not react with DNA from Entamoeba invadens, Acanthamoeba castellanii, or Trichomonas vaginalis. The insert was subcloned into the expression vector pGEX-1 and the protein was expressed as a fusion with the C terminus of glutathione S-transferase. Purified fusion protein was used to generate 22 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and a mouse polyclonal antiserum specific for the E. histolytica portion of the fusion protein. A ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We report a pH-dependent conformational transition in short, defined homopolymeric deoxyadenosines (dA₁₅) from a single helical structure with stacked nucleobases at neutral pH to a double-helical,...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of this work is to suggest steps and policies to increase the introduction of cost-effective energy in conservation measures in Brazil. This report first addresses the motivations for a policy of energy efficiency and summarizes experiences in Brazil. It then considers the roles and perspectives of the diverse agents and review the instruments of policy. It concludes with an overview of strategic needs and lines of action.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

CAP18 (an 18-kDa cationic antimicrobial protein) is a granulocyte-derived protein that can bind lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inhibit various activities of LPS in vitro. The present study examined the...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have isolated a 4.785 Da protein from the nacreous layer of the sea snail Haliotis laevigata (greenlip abalone) shell after demineralization with acetic acid. The sequence of 41...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have demonstrated that the 80 kDa POP Tc80 (prolyl oligopeptidase of Trypanosoma cruzi) is involved in the process of cell invasion, since specific inhibitors block parasite...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundhTERTC27 is a 27 kDa C-terminal polypeptide of human telomerase reverse transcriptase that has previously been shown to reduce tumorigenicity of HeLa cells and suppress...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

MauG is a novel 42 kDa di-heme protein which is required for the biosynthesis of tryptophan tryptophylquinone, the prosthetic group of methylamine dehydrogenase. The visible absorption and resonance...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

We have previously described a monoclonal antibody (FA6-152), obtained by immunizing mice with fetal human erythrocytes [Edelman, Vinci, Villeval, Vainchenker, Henri, Miglierina, Rouger, Reviron, Breton-Gorius,...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This work shows the influence of the consumer density (density/km) in rural electric networks implementation costs. The analysis of the costs aims the criteria definition for the calculation of the financial involving rates of the rural consumer density. 3 figs., 10 tabs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Aminophenpyramine, a derivative of mepyramine (pyrilamine), a typical antagonists of histamine at its H_1 receptor was synthesized and converted into ["1"2"5I]iodoazidophenpyramine, a potential photoaffinity probe for the H_1 receptor. In the dark, reversible binding of this probe to cerebellar membranes occurred with a K/sub d/ of 1.2 x 10"-"1"1 M and a B/sub max/ of 240 fmol/mg of protein and was inhibited by various H_1-receptor antagonists with the expected potencies. These features establish the compound as one of the most potent H_1-receptor antagonists known so far. Upon IV irradiation, 5% of the bound radioactivity was covalently incorporated into cerebellar membrane polypeptides as shown by standard NaDodSO_4/PAGE. Two bands of 47 and 56 kDa were consistently labeled, labeling being prevented by various H_1-receptor antagonists with the expected potencies and stereoselectivity. In the presence of protease inhibitors, labeling of the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

1-Naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) is a specific inhibitor of polar auxin transport that blocks carrier-mediated auxin efflux from plant cells. To allow identification of the NPA receptor thought to be...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

CT is a valuable tool in assessing thoracic gunshot wounds. CT is also the method of choice in emergency, because it permits rapid depiction of bullet damage to the chest and to other body districts. This in turn permits correct assessment of the main thoracic injuries, plus adequate and prompt planning of surgical treatment or support intensive care. It is reported on the role of CT in diagnosing the complex pleuropulmonary, cardiovascular and thoracic wall injuries caused by gunshot wounds, with their specific and acute signs which differ greatly fro those of other types of chest trauma. In the last 4 years, it was observed an amount of 76 cases of gunshot injury, twenty-six of them involved the chest. The patients, 25 men and 1 woman (mean age: 32 years, range: 17-48), were all submitted to emergency CT with iv contrast agent injection and the CT-angiography technique. The reanimator was always presented to monitor the patients' vital functions and shock state. CT of the ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Direct visualization of rare earths in @a- and @b-SiAlON unit-cells is performed through Z-contrast imaging technique in an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope. The preferential occupation of Yb and Ce atoms in different interstitial locations of @b-SiAlON lattice is demonstrated, yielding higher solubility for Yb than Ce. The triangular-like host sites in @a-SiAlON unit cell accommodate more Ce atoms than hexagonal sites in @b-SiAlON. We think that our results will be applicable as guidelines for many kinds of rare-earth-doped materials.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Antibacterial activity of Transition metals (Mn, Co) doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by a DC thermal plasma method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are investigated. The phase and morphology studies have been carried out by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) respectively. All the samples of the present investigation are found to have hexagonal wurtzite structure and crystallite sizes are found to vary from 25nm to 30nm. Our bacteriological study showed the enhanced antibacterial activity of transition metals doped ZnO nanoparticles than undoped ZnO indicating the great potential of ZnO nanoparticles in relevant clinical and biomedical applications.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The spectroscopic properties of Pr"3"+ doping two lanthanum chlorotungstate hosts: the orthorhombic LaWO4Cl (1-1) and the hexagonal La3WO4Cl6 (3-1), as well as those of PrWO4Cl and Pr3wO613 have been investigated. The simulations of the energy level schemes are carried out within the crystal field theory frame. Each simulation involves 7 free ion parameters and 14 non-zero crystal field parameters (cfps), corresponding to the C_s point symmetry of the site occupied by the rare earth, in both structures.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

For the determination of the thermal-hydraulic performances of rough surfaces, the method of evaluation is particularly important. In order to increase confidence in the results, a new evaluation procedure was introduced. This procedure is based on the transformation of simple channel experimental results to equal boundary conditions, and on the suitable application and confirmation of these transformed values in more complicated flow channel geometries. Existing methods, applied to the results obtained in an annular channel, do not fulfil all the transformation requirements. Thus a new, more complete transformation method, which uses the turbulent eddy diffusivity model, was developed. To check the quality of this transformation, within the scope of the new evaluation procedure, the results of experimental investigation in annular channels and in a bundle of hexagonal geometry were used together with the predictions of benchmark calculations. The success of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Stage III and stage IV recovery have been investigated resistometrically following 6.1 MeV alpha-particle irradiation at 4.2 K. The activation energy associated with stage III shows a gradual increase from 0.35 +- 0.02 eV to 0.39 +- 0.02 eV. Stage IV (155 to 180 K) is associated with an activation energy of 0.46 +- 0.03 eV. The present results are compared with those obtained after electron and neutron irradiation. The stage III recovery kinetics are interpreted in terms of the Goesele-Seeger theory for interstitial migration in highly anisotropic hexagonal metals. Stage IV is ascribed to monovacancy migration. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We have succeeded in aligning self-assembled structures by using a lithographically defined stripe. The 140 nm wide by 100 nm high SiO{sub 2} strip is shown to guide the assembly of 500 nm latex spheres so that spheres are aligned along the strip and are in registration on either side of the strip. This method can be used to increase long-range ordering in magnetic storage systems without compromising the density. Inverse sphere Ni arrays were made by electrodeposition through the latex template. We also show that the hexagonal symmetry of the resulting inverse sphere Ni arrays can be simulated using the approach presented below.

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

We have succeeded in aligning self-assembled structures by using a lithographically defined stripe. The 140nm wide by 100nm high SiO2 strip is shown to guide the assembly of 500nm latex spheres so that spheres are aligned along the strip and are in registration on either side of the strip. This method can be used to increase long-range ordering in magnetic storage systems without compromising the density. Inverse sphere Ni arrays were made by electrodeposition through the latex template. We also show that the hexagonal symmetry of the resulting inverse sphere Ni arrays can be simulated using the approach presented below.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

First-principles density functional theory (DFT) based calculations were performed to study the electronic and cohesive properties of all the intermediate ordered phases appearing in the transformation from bcc-based #beta# to hexagonal ordered #omega# phase in Zr_3Al alloy. Full-potential linear augmented plane wave (FPLAPW) method under the GGA was employed to establish the stability hierarchy and structure-property correlations. Further, effective pair potentials upto the fourth nearest neighbours were extracted, which, subsequently, were used for the thermodynamics analysis of the thermally-induced #beta##->##omega# transformation. The lattice collapse mechanism involving the concept of the onset of a displacement wave where the extent of collapse is viewed as an amplification of the displacement wave was employed for further analysis. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: In the present study the reduction of artifacts using an extended CT scale technique was examined in 5 vitallium and 5 titanium-aluminium-vanadium tumor prostheses. Methods: 5 titanium-aluminium-vanadium and 5 vitallium distal femur Mutars {sup trademark} tumor prostheses (Mutars {sup trademark} - Modular Universal Tumor And Revision System) were implanted in 10 human femur specimens. 110 artifical drill hole lesions of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm and 8 mm diameter were placed in the bone around the hexagonal stem of the tumor prosthesis and furthermore in the proximal part of the femur. All specimens were examined using conventional CT and an extended CT scale technique in a slice thickness of 3 mm. Results: In the proximal part of the femur all drill holes could be detected using 3 mm slices, no artefacts were observed. Along the hexagonal stem smooth lines arising from each hexagonal plane could be observed. This ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

With the aim of demonstrating the usefulness of computerised tomography (CT) findings in the planning of brain neurosurgery in gunshot victims, for prompt and successful treatment, 30 patients with brain gunshot wounds were examined with CT over 5 years. The mortality rate of firearm wounds of the skull base was 34% higher than that of the hemisphere; this is due to carotid hemorrhage and midbrain damage. Such traumas require emergency radiological diagnosis and neurosurgical treatment because of their severity and early irreversible complications. Complex operations and skilled surgeons may prevent disabling postoperative sequels. CT findings are indispensable and must be correctly interpreted. The radiologist and the neurosurgeon must collaborate closely and both must consider several diagnostic factors affecting surgical planning. [Italian] Scopo dello studio e' stato quello di dimostrare l'utilita' della semeiologia della tomografia computerizzata in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We have investigated the nanocrystalline microstructure and the hard magnetic properties of Sm(Co{sub 0.725}Fe{sub 0.1}Cu{sub 0.12}Zr{sub 0.04}B{sub 0.015}){sub 7.4} melt-spun ribbons. The coercivity (H{sub c}) of the as-spun ribbons increased with the wheel surface speed from 2.8kOe for 10m/s to 14.5kOe for 40m/s. The post-annealing of the melt-spun ribbons from 700 to 900 deg. C for 10min did not lead to a substantial increase of H{sub c}. However, after isothermal aging at 820 deg. C and subsequent slow cooling (0.5 deg. C/min) to 120 deg. C, H{sub c} increased from 2.8 to 10.9kOe for 10m/s, while it decreased from 14.5 to 13.5kOe for 40m/s ribbons. The grain size of the melt-spun ribbon reduced with structural transformation from 2:17H (Th{sub 2}Ni{sub 17}-hexagonal type) to 1:7H (TbCu{sub 7}-hexagonal type) as the wheel surface speed was increased. Three-dimensional atom probe analysis showed a boron enriched precipitate at the grain ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The hard-sphere radial distribution functions, g_H_S(r/d,#eta#), for the face-centered cubic and hexagonal close-packed phases have been computed by the Monte Carlo method at nine values of the packing fraction, #eta#[=(#pi#/6)#rho#d"3], ranging from 4% below the melting density to 99% of the close-packed density. The Monte Carlo data are used to improve available analytic expressions for g_H_S(r/d,#eta#). By utilizing the new g_H_S(r/d,#eta#) in the Henderson and Grundke method [J. Chem. Phys. 63, 601 (1975)], we next derive an expression for y_H_S(r/d,#eta#) [=g_H_S(r/d)exp#left brace##beta#V_H_S(r)#right brace#] inside the hard-sphere diameter, d. These expressions are employed in a solid-state perturbation theory [J. Chem. Phys. 84, 4547 (1986)] to compute solid-state and melting properties of the Lennard-Jones and inverse-power potentials. Results are in close agreement with Monte Carlo and lattice-dynamics calculations performed in this and previous work. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Among the three modifications of calcium sulfite hemihydrate, two of them, hexagonal ..beta..-CaSO/sub 3/.1/2H/sub 2/O with a rhombohedral lattice and ..gamma..-CaSO/sub 3/.1/2H/sub 2/O with a simple triangular hexagonal lattice, were found in the authors' recent work. By heating ..cap alpha..- and/or ..gamma..-hemihydrate at 330-360/sup 0/C in a nitrogen atmosphere, the orthorhombic anhydrate ..cap alpha..-CaSO/sub 3/ was formed, with lattice constants of 6.472, 15.93, and 23.44 angstrom for a, b, and c respectively, while the body-centered tetragonal anhydrate ..beta..-CaSO/sub 3/, with lattice constants of 15.68 and 19.44 angstrom for a and c respectively, was formed by heating the ..beta..-hemihydrate. The dehydration of three hemihydrates and the hydration of two anhydrates were discussed. Calcium sulfite hemihydrate (CaSO/sub 3/.1/2H/sub 2/O) is useful as an architectural material since it has a high thermal stability and a low ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ab initio total energy calculations within the framework of density functional theory have been performed for atomic hydrogen and oxygen chemisorption on the (0001) surface of double hexagonal packed (dhcp) americium using a full-potential all-electron linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbitals method. Chemisorption energies were optimized with respect to the distance of the adatom from the relaxed surface for three adsorption sites, namely top, bridge, and hollow hcp sites, the ad-layer structure corresponding to the coverage of a 0.25 monolayer in all cases. Chemisorption energies were computed at the scalar-relativistic level (no spin-orbit coupling NSOC) and at the fully relativistic level (with spin-orbit coupling SOC). The two-fold bridge adsorption site was found to be the most stable site for O at both the NSOC and SOC theoretical levels with chemisorption energies of 8.204 eV and 8.368 eV respectively, while the three-fold hollow hcp adsorption ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Cultures of 3T3-L1 cells were incubated with either 10 ng/ml cholera toxin or 10 ng/ml pertussis toxin from 4 days prior to the initiation of differentiation and throughout the subsequent incubation. Toxin concentrations were sufficient to completely prevent the labelling of alpha-subunits with ["3"2P]NAD"+ and pertussis toxin and to prevent by more than 90% the labelling with ["3"2P]NAD"+ and cholera toxin in membranes prepared from these cells. Neither toxin prevented the differentiation to the adipocyte phenotype. Neither toxin prevented the increases in the relative amounts of G-proteins which occur upon differentiation. Both toxins dramatically decreased the amount of beta-subunits. As measured by quantitative immunoblotting with antisera specific for both the 35 kDa and 36 kDa beta-subunits, levels of beta-subunit were decreased by more than 50% of steady-state level of control cells. Thus, bacterial toxins which modifies G-protein ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The experiment was conducted at the laboratory of Experimental Station of Instituto Agronomico de Campinas, in Piracicaba, SP, BR. The elephant-grass (Penissetum purpureum Schum) cv Guacu, with 6 months of development was chopped in a forage chopper regulated to cut biomass in pieces of 5 mm. 500 grams of chopped biomass was pressed in a hydraulic presser regulated for 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg/cm{sup 2}. For the pressure of 60, 120, 180 and 240 kg/cm{sup 2} the presser was used in manual module, while, for the pressure of 300 kg/cm{sup 2} it was operated in the automatic module. The experiment was executed in randomized block design with 4 repetitions. When the pressure of 300 kg/cm{sup 2} was used it was extracted 21.78 % of the moisture of biomass, while the nitrogen percentage was little altered by press. (author)

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A method of the correction for sample self attenuation used in segmented gamma scanner (SGS) is described. The method of calibration for assaying the uranium and plutonium contents of each category of heterogeneous process residues and wastes in nuclear facilities is studied. The effect of variable measurement parameter on measurement results is also studied. The measurement results of SGS assay is compared with that of the destructive assay (DA), which is aimed at evaluating SGS method for assaying uranium and plutonium content in process residues and wastes. The deviation of two assay results is 3.6%. The SGS assay results and DA assay results both are coincided well in error limits. Four category of heterogeneous process residues and wastes in nuclear facilities have assayed successfully in physical inventory. The uncertainty of measurement results for uranium and plutonium content in process residues and wastes is 5% with 68.3% of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This symposium about electric operational and expansion planning presents several articles that approaches issues such as, monitoring the power system stability, electrical load modelling, reliability in power systems, optimization in power systems, integrated resources planning in power systems, reactive control through static compensators, power flow analysis, system modelling, etc

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Natural radioactivity found in rocks and its evaluation been frequently used for studies of environmental geochemistry, particularly those of detection and control of pollutants and the consequent changes in environment after antropic interferences. In this work natural radioactivity in forty nine soil samples in the basin of Buquira river, at the Northeast region of Sao Paulo State, has been analysed and measured with a Ge-HP gamma ray spectrometer. A table with the most relevant results found in rocks is shown and discussed. (author)

Science.gov (United States)

A proposed inhibitor for steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid consists essentially of 0.5% of an inhibitor called BA-6, 0.25-0.5% of 1-hexynol-3, and about 0.02% of potassium iodide (calculated on the amount of acid). The inhibitor DA-6 is produced by condensing benzylamine with utrotropine. 1-Hexynol-3, secondary alcohol, is obtained from butyraldehyde and acetylene in the presence of caustic potash. The increase of potassium iodide concentration from 0.02-0.1% increases the protective action of the inhibitor. Hexynol, dipropargyl ester, and potassium iodide must be introduced in HC1 before injection of the latter into the well.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The bath of a manganese sulfate (BMS) is a system for absolute standardization of the neutron sources. This work establishes a functional relationship based on semi-empirical methods for the theoretical prediction of physical density values, concentration and rate between the hydrogen and manganese atoms presents in the solution of the BMS

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The thesis explains the development of a mass spectrometerical isotope dilution analysis (MS/DA) for determining trace amounts of Tc. The Tc-97 isotope has been prepared by in-core irradiation of Ru of natural isotopic composition, and used as the indicator isotope. For separation of Tc-97 from the Ru matrix, a method has been developed to quantitatively separate Tc-97 from a high Ru surplus. For determining the isotope ratio for the MS/DA, a mass spectrometrical measuring technique has been found which allows reproducible measurement of the Tc-99/Tc-97 isotope ratio. Positive and, for the first time, also negative thermoionisation has been used as a method of selective ionisation of Tc. The applicability of the MS/DA for Tc trace analysis has been verified using two Al foils doped with Tc-99 or Mo-98, respectively. These have been irradiated in a nuclear reactor, the irradiation of Tc-99 yielding Ru-100, and irradiation of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats is a chronic inflammatory disease, widely as an animal model for rheumatoid arthritis. In our study the effect of various fractions of dialyzable leukocyte extract (DLE): DLE I-molecular weight below 10 kDa (commercial preparation), DLE II-molecular weight below 5 kDa (suppressor fraction), DLE III-molecular weight 5-10 kDa on rat adjuvant-induced arthritis was studied. The adjuvant arthritic (AA) rats were treated with DLE fractions i.p. in solutions containing an active substance isolated from 12.5 x 10{sup 6} and 6.25 x 10{sup 6} leukocytes from day 1 (adjuvant injected) through day 18, every second day (total 9 times). Various markers in inflammation, immune function and joint destruction were evaluated: hind paw volume, serum hyaluronic acid, serum albumin and biopterin in urine. All these markers showed a significant improvement after using fraction DLE II in comparison with AA ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Acanthamoeba castellanii myosins IA and IB demonstrate the catalytic properties of a myosin and can support analogues of contractile and motile activity in vitro, but their single, low molecular weight heavy chains, roughly globular shapes, and inabilities to self-assemble into filaments make them structurally atypical myosins. The authors present the complete amino acid sequence of the 128-kDa myosin IB heavy chain, which they deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the gene and which reveals that the polypeptide is a fusion of myosin-like and non-myosin-like sequences. Specifically, the amino-terminal #approx# 76 kDa of amino acid sequence is highly similar to the globular head sequences of conventional myosins. By contrast, the remaining #approx# 51 kDa of sequence shows no similarity to any portion of conventional myosin sequences, contains regions that are rich in glycine, proline, and alanine residues, and lacks the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The number of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) implementations within the oil industry has increased substantially in the past years. PETROBRAS has recently developed a business case, a 10 steps methodology developed by Symnetics-Benchmarking Partners (management consultancy), aimed at enhancing strategic and tangible ROI - Return on Investment of IT projects. The Business Case has not only provided alignment of PETROBRAS strategies with ERP capabilities, but also identified process gaps and opportunities for improvement as well as developing a high level implementation plan including timing, costs and potential benefits. Anticipated economic gains were mainly focused on the following business processes: materials management (30%), planning and controlling (25%), project management (24%) and order fulfillment (14%). PETROBRAS has chosen a phased approach for implementing the ERP. Two scenarios were considered: time, cost, risk and scope were the key issues regarding the ERP ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Penetrating liver wounds are related to many causes and rank second after blunt abdominal and liver trauma. In this report are examined the clinical and radiological findings of personal series of patients with penetrating trauma, especially by firearms and stab and cut wounds. It will also tried to define the diagnostic workup of these traumas, which is especially based on CT signs of liver damage and associated changes and which is of basic importance for following treatment, both surgical or conservative. In the last seven years it was retrospectively reviewed 31 cases of penetrating liver trauma. The patients were 19 men and 12 women, ranging in age 18 to 73 (mean 42), with penetrating liver injuries from firearms (16 patients) and stab (9 cases) wounds; 6 patients had injuries from different cases. Abdominal CT was carried out in emergency with the CT Angiography (CTA) technique in all patients. In the patients with suspected chest and abdomen involvement CT was performed from the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Perylene bisimides (PBIs) represent an important class of organic n-type semiconductors exhibiting a relatively high electron affinity among large-band-gap materials. Herein synthesis and characterization of several unsymmetrical N-substituted PBI dyes is presented and the thermotropic behavior, which is strongly affected by the respective N-substituents was investigated. Two different series of highly soluble and fluorescent derivatives have been synthesized: (1) PBIs bearing swallow-tailed alkyl chains, different in size or (2) one swallow-tailed alkyl chain and one branched oligoethylenglycolether. Synthesis of these PBIs is generally feasible by two distinct divergent synthesis approaches. Thermotropic behavior was studied by DSC, POM and XRD measurements. Inherent {pi}-{pi} interactions between cofacially orientated perylene molecules and the elliptic shape of the molecule favor the ordering in columns and self-organized architectures. Among them hexagonal ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The detailed electronic energy band structure of hexagonal close-packed #alpha#-zirconium, corresponding to the atomic configuration of 4d"25s"2 of its four outermost valence electrons, has been computed by the composite-wave variational version of the augmented-plane-wave(APW) method in conjunction with the X#alpha#(#alpha# = 0.70424) exchange approximation for obtaining the potentials. From these data the electronic density of states and its angular-momentum-decomposed components have been obtained by the Raubenheimer-Gilat method. These quantities are required in order to calculate the electron-phonon interaction parameter (lambda) and the superconducting transition temperature (Tsub(c)) within the framework of the theories of Gaspari and Gyorffy and McMillan. A study of the variation of Tsub(c) with the Coulomb pseudopotential (#mu#*) revealed that #mu#* = 0.1 yields the best agreement between theory and experiment for #alpha#-Zr. Also studied from the energy ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

The layered cobaltate La0.30CoO2 was prepared from NaxCoO2 precursor by a solid-state ionic exchange and was characterized by means of X-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetic, thermal and electric transport measurements. The compound consists of hexagonal sheets of edge-sharing CoO6 octahedra interleaved by lanthanum monolayers. Compared to Na+ in the parent system, the La3+ ions occupy only one-third of available sites, forming a 2-dimensional superstructure. The deviation from the ideal stoichiometry La1/3CoO2 introduces extra hole carriers into the diamagnetic LS Co3+ matrix making the sample Pauli paramagnetic. The temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity in La0.30CoO2 follows Mott's T?1/3 law up to about 400K, which is in contrast w...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Superplasticity of polycrystalline metallic materials is a phenomenon which shows hundreds to thousands of percents of large plastic deformation without necking in a steady state of low stress, when the uni-axial tensile loading is done in some special thermo-mechanical conditions (some limited ranges of properly high temperature and low strain rate). The main mechanism of superplastic phenomenon is the grain boundary sliding, while the main mechanism of usual plastic deformation is the trans-granular sliding. In this research, the possibility of superplastic deformation in a magnesium alloy (AZ31Mg alloy) was experimentally investigated, because generally speaking, the magnesium alloy whose atomic structure is hexagonal does not have enough formability in a form of trans-granular sliding mechanism. In this paper, the detail of experimental results are shown and discussed. Moreover, the constitutive equations of Mg alloy are proposed on the basis of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ga"+ focused ion beam (FIB) patterning was used to structure highly oriented pyrolytic graphite surfaces with square, periodic arrays of amorphous carbon defects (mesh sizes: 300 nm-2 #mu#m). Controlled oxygen etching of these arrays leads to matrices of uniform, orientationally aligned, nm-sized, hexagonal holes. The properties of the resulting hole assembly (hole depths and lateral hole dimensions) have been investigated by means of atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and FIB sectioning. The hole dimensions and uniformity both depend on the FIB parameters and etching conditions. Etching temperatures from 500 to 700 deg. C were applied. Initial etch rates of up to 10"6 C s"-"1 per individual hole were observed when using oxygen pressures of 200 mbar. For an etch temperature of 590 deg. C the rate of etching of individual holes was found to depend measurably on the inter-hole separation. This confirms that the associated reaction kinetics is ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ternary R_2TSi_3 intermetallic compounds (R=Rare Earth, T=Transition Metal) with hexagonal AlB_2-type crystallographic structure are known because of their interesting physical properties. Pr_2PdSi_3 single crystals were grown by a vertical floating zone method. The compound exhibits congruent melting behavior at a liquidus temperature of about 1770 C. Single crystalline samples show a huge anisotropy at low temperatures due to the crystal electric field effect and order antiferromagnetically below the Neel temperature T_N=2.17 K. This value approximately obeys the linear de Gennes scaling for this class of compounds. The [001] orientation was identified as the magnetic easy axis at room temperature. At lower temperature (#approx#20 K) magnetic easy and hard axes interchange with each other. Two additional magnetic phase transitions were observed at temperatures below 1 K.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The electrochemical method has been used to deposit zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films from aqueous zinc nitrate solution at 80 deg. C onto fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates. ZnO thin films were grown between - 0.900 and - 1.025 V vs Ag/AgCl as established by voltammogram. Characterisation of ZnO films was carried out for both as-deposited and annealed films in order to study the effect of annealing. Structural analysis of the ZnO films was performed using X-ray diffraction, which showed polycrystalline films of hexagonal phase with (002) preferential orientation. Atomic force microscopy was used to study the surface morphology. Optical studies identified the bandgap to be {approx} 3.20 eV and refractive index to 2.35. The photoelectrochemical cell signal indicated that the films had n-type electrical conductivity and current-voltage measurements showed the glass/FTO/ZnO/Au devices exhibit rectifying properties. The thickness of the ZnO films was ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The use of previously measured mixed-oxide (MOX) fuel systems as benchmarks can be valuable tool in computational analysis and quality assurance efforts. The Fissile Materials Disposition Program (FMDP) has identified these experiments as potential benchmarks, or standards, for VVER's employing MOX fuel. Standards for the analysis of these benchmark experiments were based on those used in the recent compilation International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments begun in 1992 by the U.S. Department of Energy. The Los Alamos National Laboratory's archives were explored for log-book records of these experiments without success. These experiments were the first to use MOX fuel in light water. Three approach-to-critical experiments were performed using fuel rods at various pitches and different plutonium-oxide concentrations. A parallel program verified the prediction of critical condition as similar materials and geometries were actually brought to critical. The ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The detailed energy-band structure of hexagonal-close-packed technetium, corresponding to the atomic configuration 4d"55s"2 of its seven outermost valence electrons, has been obtained throughout the Brillouin zone using the composite-wave variational version of the augmented-plane-wave (APW) method in conjunction with the X#alpha# (#alpha# = 0.702 99) exchange approximation for obtaining the potentials. From the band-structure data the electronic density of states (DOS) and the angular-momentum--decomposed DOS were calculated by the accurate Gilat-Raubenheimer method. These quantities were used to calculate the electron-phonon coupling constant and the transition temperature (T/sub c/) using the theories of Gaspari and Gyorffy and of McMillan. Also studied were the Fermi surface and the optical properties of Tc via the imaginary part of the interband dielectric constant for bound electrons, the latter being the first of such a study on Tc to date. The ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We have performed inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments on CeRh{sub 3}B{sub 2} at various temperatures to obtain direct information on the crystal electric field (CEF) in this compound, which exhibits some very peculiar magnetic properties for a Ce system: it is ferromagnetic with an unusually high Curie temperature (115 K), which contrasts with a strongly reduced and anisotropic magnetization (0.4 {mu}{sub B}/fu within the c-plane of the hexagonal structure). Measurements with high incident energies show only one well defined magnetic excitation around 150 meV, its exact position varying with the temperature. These results, combined with our previous data of magnetization and magnetic form factor, have permitted us to determine the CEF energy level scheme taking into account the two J multiplets of the Ce{sup 3+} ion. Information on the ground state (quasielastic contribution and ground state moment) has also been obtained by experiments at low incident ...

Science.gov (United States)

We present results of electronic structure calculations for the intermetallic perovskite Sc3InB with the full-potential KKR-LDA method. Sc3InB is a very promising candidate for a new superconductor (related to 8 K MgCNi3) and can be regarded as a boron-inserted cubic Sc3In, which is a high-pressure allotropic form of the hexagonal weak ferromagnet Sc3In. We predict that cubic Sc3In can also be magnetic, whereas Sc3InB having large DOS in the vicinity of E F exhibits non-magnetic ground state. Estimation of the electron-phonon coupling for Sc3InB gives 1. Furthermore, the effect of vacancies in Sc3InB1-x and antisite disorder in Sc3(In-B) on critical parameters is also discussed using the KKR-CPA method. All theoretical results support the possibility of the superconductivity onset in Sc3InB. Preliminary experimental measurements established the transition temperature close to 4.5 K, with a very abrupt change in susceptibility and a correlated drop of the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A small break LOCA event simulation with no high pressure injection system available, known as International Atomic Energy Agency Standard Problem Exercise no. 4 (IAEA-SPE-4), was performed on the PMK-2 integral test facility in Budapest in 1993. This paper analyses the response of the PMK-2 facility, a model of VVER-440 nuclear power plant, using the latest released version MOD3.2.1.2 of the RELAP5 thermal-hydraulic code. After several years of the SPE-4 experiment analyses, many problems have emerged and been studied. Main goal of the present analyses was to study the main influencing parameters for adequate modelling of the hexagonal core channel with 19-rod bundle and phenomena during the core uncovery. Some influencing parameters have been identified, mostly on the primary side, but some also on the secondary side. This is exact simulation of main coolant pump coast down, hydro-accumulators water temperature and connections to the primary system. Some concern ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Secondary energy can be described as a surplus of electrical energy in a hydropower because the lower demand of energy in some period of the day and the excess of water in the reservoir during the rainy periods. This study proposes the using of the excess of energy at Itaipu Bi nacional for electrolytically hydrogen production and ammonia for nitrogenous fertilizers. Ammonia is a raw material for nitrogenous fertilizers synthesis and produced using hydrogen and nitrogen from the atmosphere. This paper determines the minimal cost of hydrogen production and the capacity of hydrogen production, with this data and according the ammonia market for nitrogenous fertilizers in the Centre/South region was estimated the better capacity of ammonia production for one plant near Itaipu. The process of ammonia production using energy excess is the most environmental acceptable. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Bacillus licheniformis ?-glutamyltranspeptidase (BlGGT) undergoes an autocatalytic process to generate 44.9 and 21.7?kDa subunits; however, a mutant protein (T399A) loses completely the processing ability and mainly exists as a precursor. For a comprehensive understanding of their structural features, the biophysical properties of these two proteins were investigated by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. Tryptophan fluorescence and circular dichroism spectra were nearly identical for BlGGT and T399A, but unfolding analyses revealed that these two proteins had a different sensitivity towards temperature- and guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl)-induced denaturation. BlGGT and the unprocessed T399A displayed T m values of 61.4?C and 68.1?C, respectively, and thermal unfolding of b...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Aquatic sediments feature a two-way interaction between contaminants and benthic macrofauna. The effect of the macrofauna community on the transport of contaminants in sediment has received considerable attention. Yet, few studies have investigated the reverse effect, i.e., the influence of contaminants on bioturbation activity. To this end, we performed laboratory experiments to investigate the effect of copper contamination on sediment reworking activity of the ragworm Nereis diversicolor. A density of 570 ind m2 was introduced in mesocosms containing natural and copper spiked (2.99 nmol Cu g?1) cohesive intertidal sediments from Ponta da Erva (Tejo estuary, Portugal). Luminophore tracers were used to quantify sediment reworking activity over time (2, 7, 14 and 21 days). Bioturbation was...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In order to investigate the antioxidant properties of the polysaccharides from the brown alga Sargassum fusiforme, the crude polysaccharides from S. fusiforme (SFPS) were extracted in hot water, and the lipid peroxidation inhibition assay exhibited that SFPS possessed a potential antioxidant activity. Hence, two purely polymeric fractions, SFPS-1 and SFPS-2 were isolated by the column of DEAE (2-diethylaminoethanol)-Sepharose Fast Flow, with their molecular weights of 51.4 and 30.3 kDa determined by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). They were preliminarily characterized using chemical analysis in combination of infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies and found to contain large amounts of uronic acids and ?-glycosidical linkages. The antioxida...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nowadays, mixing is one of the most powerful tools for the process and products optimization in chemical process industries. The available technology can help in achieving almost any desired outcomes related to the process-side of the systems. This paper presents a practical methodology to improve existing agitation systems in order to overcome the constraints previously identified in the process. Well succeed real cases using this methodology in a petrochemical plant (Nitriflex S.A.) are presented. (author) 13 refs., 1 figs., 2 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Modern tubular type pumps commonly have lubricated radial bearings which require no compressed water supply and reduce the servicing requirements. Problems that may possibly result from entrained sand in the pumped fluid were solved with the development of ceramic Residur {sup trademark} bearngs in the early eighties. (orig.) [German] In zunehmendem Masse werden Rohrgehaeusepumpen mit foerdermediumgeschmierten Radiallagern ausgestattet, da dies z.B. neben dem Wegfall einer ansonsten notwendigen Druckwasserversorgung auch einen deutlichen reduzierten Wartungsaufwand nach sich zieht. Den Problemen durch eine moegliche Sandbeladung des Foerdermedium wurde bereits durch die Entwicklung der keramischen Residur {sup trademark} -Lager Anfang der 80er Jahre Rechnung getragen. (orig.)

CERN Document Server

Let X be a group with identity e, let A be an infinite set of generators for X, and let (X,d_A) be the metric space with the word metric d_A induced by A. It is proved that if the diameter of the space is infinite, then for every positive integer h there are infinitely many elements x in X with d_A(e,x)=h. It is proved that if P is a nonempty finite set of prime numbers and A is the set of positive integers whose prime factors all belong to P, then the diameter of the metric space (\\Z,d_A) is infinite. Let \\lambda_A(h) denote the smallest positive integer x with d_A(e,x)=h. It is an open problem to compute \\lambda_A(h) and estimate its growth rate.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Electron simulated desorption of anions from CFCl_3 and CF_2Cl_2 condensed on an Au substrate is studied in the energy range 0-15 eV. The negative fragments are recorded mass spectro metrically as the function of the incident electron energy. Below 10 eV we observe anion desorption via pronounced resonance profiles which are characteristic for dissociative electron attachment (DA) while the continuous rise of the signal at higher energies accounts for dipolar dissociation (DD) and processes involving secondary electrons from the metallic substrate. For both compounds F"- and Cl"- are the only fragment anions we could observe. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Aim of the work was to describe computerised tomography (CT) findings of calcified renal metastases focusing on differential diagnosis problems. Abdominal CT scans of 8000 patients with tumor, performed from 1984 to 1998, have been retrospectively reviewed. [Italian] Scopo del lavoro e' quello di descrivere gli aspetti con tomografia computerizzata delle metastasi renali calcificate enfatizzando le problematiche diagnostico differenziali. Sono state valutate retrospettivamente le indagini TC addominali di 8000 pazienti affetti da tumore nel periodo 1984-1998, analizzando le lesioni calcificate riscontrate.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Activated charcoal was produced from sawdust of Pinus caribaea var. caribaea, pinus caribaea var. honduenais and pinus cocarpa, with the objective of studying a alternative of more economic uses for forest residues and the products of the first thinning. A chemical process was utilized based on Zn Cl{sub 2} at temperature of 700 deg C and 450 deg C. It was concluded that the temperature of 700 Celsius produced a activated charcoal with better quality and greater adsorption capacity. The temperature of 450 deg C produced a material with adsorption properties for utilization where greater adsorption capacity is not needed. The production of activated charcoal is possible from the three species of tropical pinus studied. (author). 16 refs., 5 tabs

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Sommario I lipomi del collo e della testa in genere si verificano nel tessuto sottocutaneo superficiale. Quelli sottofasciali intramuscolari sono molto rari. Riportiamo di seguito il caso di una donna di 53 anni con un lipoma sottofasciale localizzato nello spazio antero-laterale del collo. La diagnosi della lesione e stata ottenuta con esame clinico e confermata con Ecografia (US) e Tomografia Computerizzata (TC). La lesione, caratterizzata da capsula e aspetto fibrolipomatoso, e stata escissa con intervento chirurgico.

Science.gov (United States)

Multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) are three dimensional cell culture systems induced by suspension culture. MCTS are widely used in cancer research because of their similarity to solid tumors. CaSki cells are derived from a metastatic cervical cancer containing human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16). Cell death of CaSki cells in MCTS has been previously reported, and our model is used to better characterize the mechanisms of cell death of HPV16-positive keratinocytes. In this study, we found that apoptosis of CaSki cells was induced by suspension culture along with the formation of MCTS after 24 h of incubation. In suspended CaSki cells, monoclonal antibodies blocking E-cadherin function inhibited MCTS formation and suppressed suspension-induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot for E-cadherin detected upregulation of the authentic 120 kDa band from MCTS of CaSki cells as well as a shorter 100 kDa band. Addition of EGF, whose ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The effect of X-irradiation on production of MUC1 was studied with human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells. As evaluated by immunocytochemical staining, the percentages or MUC1-positive cells in cells at 4 days after 6 Gy irradiation and in unirradiated control cells were 52#+-#3.5% (n=6) and 26#+-#2.8% (n=6), respectively. Flow-cytometric analysis of living cells showed that MUC1 began to rise from day 1, reaching a plateau by day 4 after 6 Gy irradiation. Western blot analysis with monoclonal antibody MY.1E12 against glycosylated MUC1 (mature form) showed dose-dependent increases of two bands (500 and 390 kDa) corresponding to two polymorphic MUC1 alleles. Premature forms of MUC1 (350 and 240 kDa) were detectable with monoclonal antibody HMFG-2 only in irradiated cells, suggesting that new core protein synthesis had been induced. The transcriptional activity of the MUC1 gene was analyzed in terms of transient expression of MUC1-CAT reporter ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The decision of a firm to make investments on petroleum fields depends on the expected economic performance and on the firm economics context and on country economic and regulatory constraints. Traditionally, the Net Present Value (NPV) has being used for decision criterion as a measure of profitability of investments. The other indicators are used to help investment decision, because, according to the priorities established by the firm, only one indicator may not be sufficient. On this paper we will show production strategies considering a set of economic indicators: NPV, actualized Np, Return on investment (ROI), Equivalent Present Value (EPV), Cost Benefit, and NPV/Np ratio. The use of different economic indicators permits capture different aspects from in a decision process, i.e., each indicator or a set of economic measures may result in a different perspective, that will influence the decision manager. It is important to emphasize the use of more than one indicators may been ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are caused by defects of dystrophin, which forms a part of the membrane cytoskeleton of specialized cells such as muscle. It has been previously shown that the dystrophin-associated protein A1 (59-kDa DAP) is actually a heterogeneous group of phosphorylated proteins consisting of an acidic ({alpha}-A1) and a distinct basic ({beta}-A1) component. Partial peptide sequence of the A1 complex purified from rabbit muscle permitted the design of oligonucleotide probes that were used to isolate a cDNA for one human isoform of A1. This cDNA encodes a basic A1 isoform that is distinct from the recently described syntrophins in Torpedo and mouse and is expressed in many tissues with at least five distinct mRNA species of 5.9, 4.8, 4.3, 3.1, and 1.5 kb. A comparison of the human cDNA sequence with the GenBank expressed sequence tag (EST) data base has identified a relative from human skeletal muscle, EST25263, which is probably a human ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

On the basis of accurate crystal structure determination, the mineral phosphuranylite corresponds to the chemical formula KCa(H_3O)_3(UO_2)_7(PO_4)_4O_4.8H_2O. Cmcm, a=15.778 (3)-15.899(2), b=13.702(2)-13.790(5), c=17.253(3)-17.330(3)A, Z=4, D_x=4.575-4.631g cm"-"3, #mu#=287.6-291.1cm"-"1. The presence of potassium (about 1.80wt%K_2O), overlooked until now, has been confirmed by microprobe analysis on samples from four different localities. The best data for structure determination have been obtained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction on specimens from Capoterra, Sardinia, and Bois Noirs, France; here 1453 and 1254 independent reflections, respectively, were used in the refinement, and the corresponding final R index is 0.036 and 0.048. The structure consists of layers of phosphate groups connected with hexagonal, pentagonal and tetragonal dipyramids centered on the U atoms. The Ca and K atoms are located within channels in the uranylphosphate framework, together ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Full text: It was recently-established for hexagonal barium ferrite-industrially important magnetically hard material that refinement of the crystallite dimensions into the nanoscale regime, typically #<=# 10 nm, leads after heat treatment at temperatures 800-1000 deg C to significant coercivity increase of up to 6.5 kOe (#approx#3-4 times) with saturation magnetisation values of 50-55 emu/g (#approx#95% of bulk at room temperature). High-energy mechanochemical processing has been applied to prepare nanostructural (nanocrystalline-amorphous) composites. High resolution electron microscopy studies reveal that the enhancement of the final magnetic properties was due to formation of magnetically noninteracting #approx#l,#mu#m Ba-ferrite particles with 5-10 nm amorphous surface layer - depending on annealing parameters. Similar situation was established also for ball milled strontium ferrite (SrFe_1_2O_1_9) powders where short annealing 4 h at 1000 deg C produced ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The ternary transition metal chalcogenides A[sub x]M[sub 6]X[sub 8] (A = Tl, K; M = V, Ti; X = S, Se) build up a three dimensional framework with large hexagonal channels running parallel to the crystallographic c-axis. The electropositive elements thallium or potassium are confined within these channels. It is possible to remove the Tl or K atoms via a chemical redox reaction with an I[sub 2]/CH[sub 3]CN solution or with H[sub 2]O. Using SEM it is demonstrated that the host matrix V[sub 6]S[sub 8]'' is only slightly affected by the redox agent. In contrast the host matrix Ti[sub 6]Se[sub 8]'' of Tl[sub x]Ti[sub 6]Se[sub 8] reacts with the I[sub 2]/CH[sub 3]CN solution. The results of the EDXS analyses clearly show that the removal of the electropositive elements proceeds only along the large channels and not through the host matrix. (orig.)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this work, {beta}-SnS{sub 2} thin films have been prepared on glass substrates by the spray pyrolysis technique using an alcohol solution which contains tin chloride (SnCl{sub 4}) and thiourea (SC(NH{sub 2}){sub 2}) as precursors. The structural study shows that {beta}-SnS{sub 2} thin film prepared using optimal experimental conditions: substrate temperature T{sub s} = 280 deg. C and the concentration ratio of sulfur and tin elements in the spray solution x = [S]/[Sn] = 2.5, crystallizes in the hexagonal phase with a strong (0 0 1) X-ray diffraction line. In the same way, microprobe analyses (EPMA) as well as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show the presence of undiserable phase of SnO{sub 2}. From the transmission and reflectance spectra, the band gap energy is 2.65 eV. On the other hand, the photothermal properties of such films have been studied, the thermal conductivity was K{sub c} = 0.85 W m{sup -1} K{sup -1} and the thermal diffusivity was D{sub c} ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The development of the microstructure on aging of an (#alpha# + #beta#) type titanium alloy containing 6Al-1.6Zr-3.3Mo-0.3Si (VT9) (in weight percent) has been studied. The #beta#-transus temperature of this alloy is approximately 1243 K. Solution treatment in the #beta#-phase field of the alloy followed by quenching in water at room temperature resulted in the formation of a single-phase martensite structure. The martensitic structure was confirmed to be orthorhombic (#alpha# double-prime) using X-ray diffraction. The water-quenched (WQ) specimens were subjected to aging treatments at temperatures of 823, 873, and 973 K for various lengths of time. Aging at 823 K for times between 24 and 100 hours did not bring about any noticeable change in the microstructure. Aging at 823 K for 200 and 300 hours resulted in the heterogeneous precipitation of s_2 silicide particles and thin films of #beta# sandwiched between the interplatelet boundaries of martensite. Electron diffraction analysis ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The trend towards more effective use of fossil fuels and reduced environmental pollution represents a major task of improvement within the refinery processes. The highly isomerized and high octane paraffins produced from isobutane and light olefins by alkylation fulfill all the requirements for reformulated gasoline. This doctoral thesis discusses new catalyst systems because of their potential in alkylation. A slurry reactor apparatus for solid-acid catalysed isobutane/butene alkylation was developed and used to investigate the performance of various heterogeneous catalysts. The selected materials were mainly zeolite types with faujasite structures. The samples were characterized by various methods before alkylation. In general, the order of decreasing catalyst activity after 3 h of reaction at 80{sup o}C was found to be: H-EMT >> H-FAU, dealuminated H-FAU >> NS.500, TA-Y, CeY-98 > Nafion-H. The order of decreasing alkylate selectivity of the catalysts was: H-EMT ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Ultra-low pure Pt-based electrodes (0.04-0.12 mg_P_t/cm"2) were prepared by dual ion-beam assisted deposition (dual IBAD) method on the surface of a non-catalyzed gas diffusion layer (GDL) substrate. Film thicknesses ranged between 250 and 750 A, these are compared with a control, a conventional Pt/C (1.0 mg_P_t_(_M_E_A_)/cm"2, E-TEK). The IBAD electrode constituted a significantly different morphology, where low density Pt deposits (largely amorphous) were formed with varying depths of penetration into the gas diffusion layer, exhibiting a gradual change towards increasing crystalline character (from 250 to 750 A). Mass specific power density of 0.297 g_P_t/kW is reported with 250 A IBAD deposit (0.04 mg_P_t/cm"2 for a total MEA loading of 0.08 mg_P_t/cm"2) at 0.65 V. This is contrasted with the commercial MEA with a loading of 1 mg_P_t_(_M_E_A_)/cm"2 where mass specific power density obtained was 1.18 g_P_t/kW (at 0.65 V), a value typical of current state of the art commercial ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper discusses the structural and compositional changes at the nanometer scale associated with the nucleation and growth of #alpha# precipitates in the #beta# titanium alloy Ti-5553 (Ti-5Al-5Mo-5 V-3Cr-0.5Fe) with #omega# precipitates acting as heterogeneous nucleation sites. The microstructural evolution in this alloy, during #beta#-solutionizing, quenching and aging type heat-treatments, has been investigated by combining results from scanning electron microscopy, orientation imaging microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution TEM and three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) tomography. Athermal #omega# precipitates form in this alloy on quenching from above the #beta# transus temperature. On isothermal annealing at low temperatures, these #omega# precipitates coarsen to form chemically ordered #omega# precipitates, accompanied by the nucleation of the stable #alpha# phase. Annealing at higher temperatures leads to dissolution of #omega# and further growth of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper deals with the energy required to separate ethanol from an aqueous solution in a distillation column containing a solid phase. The solid phases evaluated consisted of either an amylatious (ground corn) or a cellulose (sugar cane bagasse) absorber whit particle sizes smaller than 4 mm. The water-retention capacity of each solid phase was measured by passing vapors or ethanol-water mixtures through the solid phase. When starting with initial concentrations bellow the azeotropic point, ethanol concentrations up to 99,5% (on corn) and 97,2% (on sugar cane) were achieved. The water content was evaluated potentiometrically (Karl`Fischer). Regarding the 2-4 mm ground corn solid phase column, the energy consumed was estimated to be reduced by 15,6% and 60% (by weight) ethanol-water mixture respectively. (author) 11 refs., 2 figs., 2 tabs

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Four extracellular keratinases (designated KI, KII, KIII, and KIV) were produced during submerged aerobic cultivation in a medium containing native human foot skin (NHFS) for enzyme synthesis. The molecular weights, determined by SDS-PAGE, were 25, 50, 34, and 19kDa, respectively. Gel filtration of the four purified enzymes in native conditions indicated that active keratinase KI is a novel homo-octamer, KII a homo-dimer, and KIII and KIV monomers. All four keratinases exhibited high activities at pH 8.0-10.0 with an optimal pH of 9.0. The optimal temperature for keratinolytic activity of KI, KII, and KIII was approximately 50, and 60degreeC for KIV. One millimolar of PMSF completely inhibited the keratinolytic activities of the four enzymes. The N-terminal sequences of KI, KII, and KIII s...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This paper presents the experience faced by people who works in PETROBRAS Business Unit (UN-RNCE), located in Rio Grande do Norte Province, Brazil, during the implementation of a pipeline leak detection system. That application involved nine multiphase oil pipelines distributed along several production facilities. Because of the emergency after the leakage that polluted the Guanabara bay and due to the two phases and multi phases pipelines characteristics, the UN-RNCE decided to apply the Pressure Point Analysis (PPA) technology in order to detect leakages. It is a statistical method for leak detection e uses a very simple instrumentation which facilitates the installation and maintenance. However, in order to get the best performance of the system, it is necessary to know thoroughly the whole process and have a fast and reliable SCADA system for long distance communication. Finally it will be shown the test results, the recommendations to expand the system and the conclusions. ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Heat losses in duct flow and heat transfer enhancement are investigated through an analysis of natural convection about a horizontal cylinder with a porous or fibrous coating. The porous substrate may be used for two purposes. According to its properties, it may be employed as an insulating material or as a means to surface augmentation. An optimization study is then carried out in order to find the best conditions that allow good thermal insulation or heat transfer rate improvement. The flow motion and heat transfer coefficient are predicted for various conditions. The results show that an efficient insulation which means less than 10% in heat losses is obtained for a porous layer thickness of 0.8x tube diameter and a permeability corresponding to Da #<=# 10"-"7. Nevertheless, there is a Darcy number limit above which convection must be accounted for. Porous or fibrous materials may also be used as a heat transfer augmentation technique. To achieve this goal, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bone metastases at the thoracic and lumbar segment of the spine are usually presented with painful sensation and medullar compression. The treatment is based on the clinical and neurological conditions of the patient and the degree of tumor invasion. In the present study, 32 patients with spinal metastasis of thoracic and lumbar segment were prospectively analyzed. These patients were treated by decompression and internal stabilization followed by radiotherapy or irradiation with external immobilization. The election of the groups was in accordance with the tumor radiotherapy sensitivity, clinical conditions, spinal stability, medullar or nerve compression and patient's decision. The Frankel scale and pain visual test were applied at the moment of diagnosis and after 1 and 6 months. The surgical group had better results with preserving the ambulation longer and significant reduction of pain.(author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report describes development of an electronic system designed to reduce vibration generated by a cryocooler. The diminished vibration makes it practical to use the active cooler to extract heat from a portable gamma ray detector instrument. The system was developed for a Sunpower cryocooler with an integrated counterbalance mass. The overall momentum cancellation approach is also applicable to other similar cryocoolers. The cancellation system is an assembly of several components tailored to accomplish the required vibration reduction with minimum power consumption and volume. It is designed to be powered by a 18--32 Volt battery. Up to ten harmonics of the 58.65 Hz drive frequency are controlled. In addition to the vibration cancellation, the electronic system produces the drive signal for the cryocooler and regulates the cooler temperature. The system employs a sinusoidal drive to reduce the amount of higher harmonic vibration. A digital signal processor (DSP) is used to perform ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Abstract Sam68 (Src-associated protein in mitosis 68-kDa) is a multifunctional protein, known to govern cellular signal transduction, transcription, RNA metabolism, proliferation, apoptosis, and HIV-1 replication. Although intrinsic mechanisms that modulate Sam68 function are beginning to emerge, the regulatory events contributing to its expression remain elusive. We previously reported that heat shock protein-22 (Hsp22) antagonizes Sam68 function in rev-response element (RRE)-mediated gene expression. We now demonstrate that Sam68 levels correlate inversely with Hsp22 in a variety of cells, including U87, Jurkat, 293T, and U-937. In U87 glioblastoma cells, which contained high levels of Hsp22 than other cell lines tested, Hsp22 knockdown dramatically increased both Sam68 mRNA and protein,...

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In the paper six cases of facial osteomyelitis as a complication of chronic sinusitis in hemophiliac-AIDS patients are reported. Osteomyelitis was suggested by an increasing of erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The diagnosis was confirmed by a positive {sup 99m} Tc MDP scintigraphy. The patients were submitted to clinical treatment. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and 67-gallium citrate scans were used in the follow-up of the therapy. Three patients had negative gallium after three weeks of organism-specific antibiotic therapy; in two patients the gallium scintigraphy remained positive. One patient did not undergo the radionuclide scan for this clinical conditions. These results suggest that MDP scans showed higher sensitivity and specificity in detection of bone disease in chronic sinusitis. Gallium scans appeared to be valuable tool in the follow-up of the infection. There are no reports in the literature of osteomyelitis as a complication of chronic sinusitis in AIDS patient. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The examples quoted show that damage is mostly due to faults of design and construction or faulty operation. The ever shorter development cycles, the further development of existing constructions and cost pressure owing to price slumps are very important in this context. Careful endoscopic inspections and monitoring and early identification of beginning damage helps to prevent major damage and follow-up damage. The causes of changing operational performance must be established as early as possible to prevent larger damages from being caused by continued operations.(orig.) [German] Die vorgestellten Schadenbeispiele zeigen, dass die Schaeden vorwiegend durch Auslegungsfehler und Konstruktionsfehler aber auch durch Bedienungsfehler verursacht wurden. Die immer kuerzeren Entwicklungszeiten fuer Neukonstruktionen und die Weiterentwicklung vorhandener Konstruktionen sowie der Kostendruck infolge des Preisverfalles sind hierbei von grosser Bedeutung. Weitherhin ist die Wichtigkeit der ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Red mud is a by-product of the alkaline extraction of aluminum from the bauxite and represents a renewed environmental problem due the significant annual throughput by the plants. In the present work, the pozzolanic properties of Brazilian red mud fired at 600, 700, 800 and 900 deg C were investigated by monitoring lime consumption using DTA analysis and Brazilian standard methodology NBR 5772 (1992). Products and kinetics of hydration were determined in cement pastes produced with 5 and 15% red mud using x-ray diffraction and DTA analysis. Compressive strength and capillary absorption tests were realized on mortars constituted by 5, 10 and 15% red mud in replacement of cement. When calcined at 600 deg C, the red mud develops good pozzolanic properties, and the compressive strength of mortars produced with this waste meet values in accordance with regulatory standard. These results shown than red mud can be used, in partial replacement of cement, as new construction material to produce ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The success in developing of the oil industry operating in offshore-onshore terminals, connected by pipelines with the facilities of the coastal zone, can be attributed partially to the beach morpho dynamic monitoring. This study represents a solution to the concerns of the technical operations in coastal zones because it minimizes the impact of the petroleum production and it assures the environmental protection associated to the risks of the pipelines breaking. This impact type results mainly of the vertical and horizontal displacements of the beach, from the coastal dunes to the shore face. The mobility of the profile is associated to the magnitude of the sedimentary processes, which reproduce naturally or not, in scale of time that can vary among few days, years or decades. For the monitoring and interpretation of the beach profile mobility the following methods are recommended: calculation of the closure depth with base in the wave data; bathymetric survey with sled; calculation ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The photodegradation of two well known recalcitrant compounds was studied. At this aim, a photosystem constituted by titanium dioxide and polyaniline, both immobilised in a PVC membrane, and a sunlight simulating irradiation source was used. The optimisation of the experimental conditions, ph, ionic strength and, when operating on soils, humic acid concentration, allowed the photodegradation of Paraquat at a nearly 100% extent, while, an oxidation by hypochlorite was needed to degrade cyanuric acid. [Italian] E' stata studiata la fotodegradazione di due composti notoriamente recalcitranti a questo tipo di rimozione. Con un sistema fotocatalitico costituito da biossido di titanio e polianilina immobilizzati in una membrana di PVC ed operando con luce solare simulata e' possibile, ottimizzando le condizioni sperimentali di pH, forza ionica e - operando su terreno - concentrazione di acidi umici, ottenere la degradazione del paraquat fino a valori ...

Science.gov (United States)

This work investigates the potential use of simultaneously near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopies for the quantitative analysis of fatty acids and triacylglycerols and for identifying the Registered Designation of Origin (RDO) of extra virgin olive oils. The two spectral ranges were used separately using PLS and PLS-DA regressions. To combine both information, concatenated matrix was used at the first time, multiblock method using H-PLS models were constructed at the second time. The models were compared in terms of prediction errors. The results obtained with MIR spectroscopy are better than the ones obtained with NIR spectroscopy. The H-PLS methodology seems to be very interesting for quantitative analysis with the use of additional information in the NIR range, which is not present in the MIR one. For RDO identification by discriminant analysis, the use of multiblock method was less efficient. PMID:20433960

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pulmonary tumors in children are rare. Nevertheless, there are besides malign primary neoplasms and metastases also some benign tumors that the radiologist should know. The identification of some tumors is difficult, since some of them may mimic pulmonary inflammation. The first diagnostic tool is chest radiography. After that, a CT with contrastmedium should be performed, if possible a multislice-CT (MSCT). Identification of mediastinal structures is best with MRI. (orig.) [German] Tumoren der Lunge sind im Kindesalter selten. Trotzdem finden sich neben den malignen primaeren und sekundaeren Raumforderungen auch im Kindesalter immer wieder benigne Tumoren, die der Radiologe kennen sollte. Eine eindeutige Identifizierung kann schwierig sein, da z. B. entzuendliche Infiltrate vorgetaeuscht werden koennen. Die primaere Untersuchungsmethode ist das konventionelle Thoraxroentgen. Die weitere Diagnostik muss mit der Computertomographie, nach Moeglichkeit mit einem ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The PMS2 gene encodes a protein that is involved in DNA mismatch repair and is mutated in a subset of patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). The previously published PMS2 cDNA sequence lack an upstream in-frame stop codon preceding the presumptive initiating methionine. To evaluate the 5` terminus of the PMS2 coding region further, we isolated additional cDNA clones, RT-PCR products, and the corresponding 5` genomic segment of the PMS2 locus. The PMS2 gene transcripts were found to have heterogeneous but colinear 5` termini, one of which contained an in-frame termination codon preceding the initiating methionine. In addition, a novel gene encoding a 34.5-kDa polypeptide was found to initiate transcriptionally within PMS2 from the opposite strand. 23 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

Science.gov (United States)

We have constructed a 27-kDa hTERT C-terminal polypeptide (hTERTC27) devoid of domains required for telomerase activity and demonstrated that it is capable of nuclear translocation/telomere-end targeting. Here we showed that expression of a low level of hTERTC27 renders hTERT positive HeLa cells sensitive to H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress and subsequent cell senescence. The senescence-associated gene, the cyclin/cdk inhibitor p21(Waf1), was up-regulated. This occurs without changing the expression of endogenous hTERT, causing significant telomere shortening or inhibiting telomerase activity. Results from this study suggest for the first time that in addition to telomerase activity, the C-terminus of hTERT also plays a role in hTERT-mediated cellular resistance to oxidative stress. PMID:12565825

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Catalase is an important antioxidant protein which can protect organisms against various oxidative stresses by eliminating hydrogen peroxide. The catalase cDNA of Cristaria plicata@?cpCAT@? was cloned from the haemocytes using degenerate primers by the method of 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR. The gene is 4863 bp long and has a total of two introns and three exons. The precise size and location of the introns and exons have been determined. In addition the full-length cDNA of cpCAT contained 2618 bp, The cDNA contained a 5' untranslated region (UTR) of 136 nucleotides, the 3' UTR of 979 bp with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence AATAAA and a polyA tail, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1503 bp, encoding 501 amino acid residues with 56.86 kDa predicted molecular w...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The new industrial political tools based on the sustainable development of productive activities, and originating at the Rio Conference in 1992, late introduced by the European Union, the Government and voluntary organizations (ISO, CEM, UNI) are gradually entering the market, thereby underling their effect in terms of industrial competitiveness. The main tools were examined in the report and mostly refer to the voluntary ones which, in surpassing the command and control logic, increasingly tend to get close to traditional fiscal, tariff and financial ones. Voluntary agreements, environmental management systems (EMAS, ISO14000), the risk prevention systems (UNI 10617), certification (Ecolabel, ISO 14040) and environment communications tools (environment balance sheet, environmental report, environmental statement) are synthetically described. Finally, the tools regarding the incentives still under Government concern an their diffusion are examined. [Italian] I nuovi strumenti di ...

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During their life, intervertebral discs undergo degenerative changes which need not necessarily become lesions. Conventional X-rays do not provide information on the condition of the intervertebral discs, so MRT or CT are recommended as primary techniques as they are non-invasive. Invasive methods like myelography and especially discography should not be used unless a case is highly problematic. In infants with pains in the back, MRT should be carried out as early as possible as there is nearly always an organic cause. (orig.) [German] Die Bandscheibe ist im Laufe des Lebens degenerativen Veraenderungen unterworfen, die klinisch zu Beschwerden fuehren koennen, aber nicht fuehren muessen. Konventionlle Roentgenaufnahmen lassen zwar die Hoehenminderung des Bandscheibenfachs und begleitende knoecherne Veraenderungen erkennen, nicht aber den Zustand der Bandscheibe selbst. Die Beurteilung der Bandscheibe und des Knochens gelingt mit der CT, die parallel zum Bandscheibenfach durchgefuehrt ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The nuclear structure of A {proportional_to} 100 nuclei has been studied in the frame of this thesis with a recently developed {beta} - {gamma} - {gamma} triple coincidence fast timing technique and different models such as shell model, hydrodynamic model, Nilsson and particle-rotor models. This technique which allows the measurement of the level lifetimes in the ps range has been applied at JOSEF at the research reactor DIDO of KFA Juelich in studes of the short-lived neutron-rich nuclei in the A {approx_equal} 100 region. Lifetimes of level in {sup 96},{sup 98},{sup 100} ZR, {sup 99},{sup 101}-{sup 104} Nb, {sup 100}-{sup 105} Mo have been measured, which are in many cases completely new, and otherwise more precise than previously published data. From the lifetimes of the members of rotational bands, the size of the nuclear deformations has been deduced. (orig./HSI). [Deutsch] Im Rahmen dieser Doktorarbeit wurde die Kernstruktur der A {proportional_to} 100 Kerne untersucht. Dazu ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Since chlordecone (Kepone, CD) interferes with cardiac Na{sup +} ion translocases, we have studied CD effects on cardiac SR calcium pump activity. SR was isolated from heart ventricles of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Cardiac SR Ca{sup 2+}-ATPase, {sup 45}Ca-uptake and cAMP as well as calmodulin (CaM) dependent protein phosphorylation were measured. Ca{sup 2+}-ATPase was differentiated into low affinity and high affinity forms by measuring the activity using 50 and 0.7 {mu}M free Ca{sup 2+} respectively. CD in vitro inhibited {sup 45}Ca-uptake by SR in a concentration dependent manner with an IC50 value of 7 {mu}M and SR {sup 45}Ca-uptake was totally inhibited at 20-30 {mu}M CD. In agreement with this, both high affinity and low affinity Ca{sup 2+}-ATPases, which are involved in Ca{sup 2+} transport across membranes, were also inhibited by CD in a concentration dependent manner with IC50 values of 0.7 and 3.2 {mu}M respectively. Both Ca{sup 2+}-ATPase and {sup 45}Ca-uptake by cardiac SR ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Physico-chemical characterizations performed on samples of 100Cr6 steel implanted both with boron and nitrogen revealed the formation of boron nitride along with the following new phases: Fe{sub 1-x}(B, N), Fe{sub 2-x}(B, N) and Fe{sub 3-x}(B, N). A thorough analysis of boron NITRIDE (5BN) indicates that a low ion current density (3 {mu}A.cm{sup -2}) in the case of the boron plus nitrogen sequence favours the formation of sp{sup 2} bonds (hexagonal-BN) while a higher ion current density (6{mu}A.cm{sup -2}) promotes sp{sup 3} bonds (cubic-BN) in the opposite sequence. Tribological tests carried out on these samples revealed that nitrogen and boron implantations do not lead to any significant improvement of friction and wear at variance with the results obtained by others authors. However, on a set samples accidentally contaminated with carbon during implantation, we noticed a considerable improvement of these tribological parameters. As this pollution is commonly ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Multi-dimensional modelling of two-phase flow requires accurate constitutive relationships for interfacial parameters such as interfacial heat transfer, void fraction distribution, interfacial area, etc. However, existing diagnostic systems for measurement of two-phase flow parameters have difficulty measuring two or three-dimensional void distributions required for determination of interfacial parameters. In this work, a Real-Time Neutron Radiography (RTNR) system is developed for non-intrusive measurement of two-phase flow parameters in nuclear fuel channels at low thermal neutron fluxes (on the order of 10"6n/cm"2-s). This advanced radiation technique has the advantage of measuring two-phase flow in 3 1/2 dimensions (x,#integral#dy,t) where the 1/2 dimension refers to an integrated or averaged space dimension. Pipe flow channels, annulus flow channels, MAPLE-type nuclear fuel flow channels, and CANDU-type nuclear fuel flow channels are investigated. Measurements of flow regime, void ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The analysis of oceanographic lidar systems measurements is often carried out with semi-empirical methods, since there is only a rough understanding of the effects of many environmental variables. The development of techniques for interpreting the accuracy of lidar measurements is needed to evaluate the effects of various environmental situations, as well as of different experimental geometric configurations and boundary conditions. A Monte Carlo simulation model represents a tool that is particularly well suited for answering these important questions. The PREMAR-2F Monte Carlo code has been developed taking into account the main molecular and non-molecular components of the marine environment. The laser radiation interaction processes of diffusion, re-emission, refraction and absorption are treated. In particular are considered: the Rayleigh elastic scattering, produced by atoms and molecules with small dimensions with respect to the laser emission wavelength (i.e. water molecules), ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The performance of four different organic coating systems applied to carbon and weathering steel coupons has been assessed in this investigation. applied on the surface of carbon steel and weathering steel coupons. The coupons have been evaluated using five different tests, three field tests and two accelerated tests. The field tests were carried out at three atmospheric stations, located at COSIPA in Cubatao-SP, at Alto da Serra in Cubatao-SP and at Paula Souza in Sao Paulo city. The accelerated tests consisted of (a) exposure to alternate cycles of ultraviolet radiation/condensation combined with salt spray cycles (UVCON combined with Salt Spray) and of (b) exposure to alternate cycles of ultraviolet radiation/condensation combined with the Prohesion test. The performance of the coatings was assessed by visual observation and photographs, using a method based on ASTM D-610, ASTM D-714 and ASTM-1654 standards to rank them. The oxide phases formed on the surfaces ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In these years Information Technology has been used in activities that require an intelligent intervention. In this context take placing Decision Support Systems, since they use Information Technology to support users in decision processes, that is problems of logical level greater then problems normally treated by traditional information systems. The purpose of this work is to describe Decision Support Systems specifying what they are, their functionally and structure, identifying, furthermore, user types referred to and interaction modality between them; and to present a prototype of these systems. From a preliminary analyses phase of ENEA being and its Information Systems to understand which topics can be supported by systems of this type, it deals with one of these topics: weighing of new project, finding parameters, or key quantity, that affect and determine decisions. It describes, then, models, conceived form parameters, that permit to the user, through a simple representation ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The research had as objective the use of the gamma radiation of the Cobalto-60 as quarantine treatment of the medicinal plant, aromatic and seasoning plants dehydrated infested by Lasioderma serricorne and Plodia interpunctella determining the disinfestation doses to attend the criterion in the not emergency of adults of the species in study and analysing through the Chromatography of Thin Layer the effect of the gamma radiation of the cobalto-60 on the active principle of extract dehydrated of Chamomilla recutita, Pimpinella anisum, Origanum vulgare, Cymbopogon citratus, Ocimum basilicum and Thymus vulgaris. The work was developed in the Laboratorio de Inseticidas in the Instituto Biologico in Sao Paulo in the period of August of 2005 the June of 2007. The radiation source used gamma was an experimental irradiator of Cobalto-60, model Gamacell 220, located in the Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN, located in Sao Paulo. In the period of 30 days after the irradiation ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Three cDNAs, designated IIA3, IIA3v, and IIA4, coding for P450s in the CYP2A gene subfamily were isolated from a {lambda}gt11 library prepared from human hepatic mRNA. Only three nucleotide differences and a single amino acid difference, Leu{sup 160}{yields}His, were found between IIA3 and IIA3v, indicating that they are probably allelic variants. IIA4 displayed 94% amino acid similarity with IIA3 and IIA3v. The three cDNAs were inserted into vaccinia virus, and recombinant viruses were used to infect human hepatoma Hep G2 cells. Only IIA3 was able to produce an enzyme that had a reduced CO-bound spectrum with a {lambda}{sub max} at 450 nm. This expressed enzyme was able to carry out coumarin 7-hydroxylation and ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation. cDNA-expressed IIA3v and IIA4 failed to incorporate heme and were enzymatically inactive. Analysis of IIA proteins in human liver microsomes, using antibody against rat IIA2, revealed two proteins of 49 and 50 kDa, the former ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Biodegradable and green plastics are the new tendency in the world. The effect of the electron beam irradiation in aromatic aliphatic copolyester and the blend with corn starch films (Ecoflex{sup R} and Ecobras{sup R}) were studied by tensile strength at break, elongation at break, Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), crosslinking degree and biodegradability. The measurements in both, the machine direction and the transverse direction were made for mechanical tests. It was found that, the electron irradiation caused an increase in the strength at break of the blend with corn starch film, when doses of up to 10 kGy were applied. A significant decrease of the elongation at break of the blend with corn starch was observed at doses of 10 kGy and 40 kGy. It was not found important change in tensile properties for aromatic aliphatic copolyester. Structural changes of the samples (crosslinking or ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The aim of the study was to establish by means of a measuring programme how much energy for space heating can be saved by the installed hybrid system. Further, experience with the systems was to be gathered under practical use conditions. As user behaviour can influence space heating energy consumption to an extent having several times the effect of the contribution of the hybrid system, a fact that is also reported in literature, it is not sufficient to measure only space heating energy consumption. So, a unit in one of the terraced houses was scrupulously measured. In the three other terraced houses, only space heating energy consumption was measured.- This final report contains not only a description of the concepts of the buildings and hybrid system but also the energy consumptions measured, and detailed analyses of the budgets. (orig./AKF) [Deutsch] Mit Hilfe eines Messprogrammes sollte ermittelt werden, welche Heizwaermeeinsparung durch das installierte Hybridsystem praktisch ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Many thermoluminescent materials has been developed and used for photon personal dosimetry but no one has all desired characteristics alone. These characteristics include robustness, high sensitivity, energy photon independence, large range of photon energy detection, good reproducibility, small fading and simple glow curve with peaks above 150 deg C. Calcium Sulfate Dysprosium doped (CaSO{sub 4}:Dy) phosphor Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) has been used by many laboratories, mainly in Brazil and India. Another interesting phosphor is Calcium Fluoride (CaF{sub 2}). These phosphor advantages begin to be more required and its disadvantages have became more apparent, in a global market more and more competitive. These phosphors are used in environmental and area monitoring, once they present more sensibility than other phosphors, like LiF:Mg. Theirs mainly disadvantage is a strong energetic dependence response, which must be corrected for theirs application in the field, where photon ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The regenerator of Stirling cycle machines has an relatively unknown potential for thermal shorting, because the thermal flow path within the solid of a randomly stacked wire mesh, which is defined by its 'connectivity', is unknown. Earlier publications have shown two principles of experimental techniques to quantify connectivity. One quantifies connectivity as a function of axial pressure using the electric current analogy, the other measures connectivity via the temperature gradients along a regenerator and a series-connected reference body of known conductivity. Both papers offer preliminary results of reduced usefulness related to the testing method or setup. This contribution describes a new setup and its technique, which results from the practical knowledge and experience of the first two attempts, and aims for an improved determination of connectivity of the original representative Stirling regenerators with and without housing. Please contact the author for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The new industrial political tools based on the sustainable development of productive activities, and originating at the Rio Conference in 1992, late introduced by the EU, the Government and voluntary organizations (ISO, CEM, UNI) are gradually entering the market, thereby underling their effect in terms of industrial competitiveness. The main tools were examined in the report and mostly refer to the voluntary ones which, in surpassing the 'command and control' logic, increasingly tend to get close to traditional fiscal, tariff and financial ones. Voluntary agreements, environmental management systems (EMAS, ISO 14001), the risk prevention systems (UNI 10617), certification (Eco label, ISO 14040) and environment communication tools (environment balance sheet, environmental report, environmental statement) are synthetically described. [Italian] I nuovi strumenti di politica industriale orientati allo sviluppo sostenibile delle attivita' produttive che traggono ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: Cardiomyopathy is one of the major complications of {beta} thalassaemia major as a result of transfusion iron overload. The aim of our study is to evaluate with MR if there is any difference of iron deposition signal intensity (SI) or distribution between non-cardiopatic and cardiopatic thalassaemic patients in order to establish if there is a relationship between cardiopathy and iron deposition. Materials and methods: We studied 20 patients affected by {beta} thalassaemia major, of whom 10 cardiopatic and 10 non-cardiopatic, and 10 healthy volunteers as control group. Serum ferritin and left ventricular ejection fraction were calculated in thalassaemic patients. All patients were examinated using a 1.5 MR unit with ECG-gated GE cine-MR T2*-weighted, SE T1-weighted and GE T2*-weighted sequences. In all cases, using an adequate ROI, the myocardial and skeletal muscle signal intensity (SI), the myocardial/skeletal muscle signal intensity radio (SIR) and the SI average of the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The typical MRI features of the most common pancreatic diseases, such as pancreatitis and adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, have been established. However, even in these common pancreatic disorders, MRI correlation with the underlying pathology is limited for clinical reasons. We emphasize MR-pathological correlation of inflammatory and neoplastic pancreatic changes, including pancreatitis, adenocarcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma, rare cystic and solid pancreatic neoplasms, and islet cell tumors. By highlighting the correlation of key pathological features with MR findings, a better understanding of the MR appearance of pancreatic pathology can be provided. In addition, MRI may prove a powerful tool in detection and characterization of pancreatic tumors. (orig.) [Deutsch] Das MR-tomographische Erscheinungsbild von Pankreatitiden und Adenokarzinomen des Pankreas, als den haeufigsten Pankreaserkrankungen, ist zwar ausreichend bekannt; allerdings ist selbst bei diesen Pankreaserkrankungen die ...

Science.gov (United States)

We present a femtosecond Laser Two-Photon Polymerization (LTPP) system of large scale three-dimensional structuring for applications in tissue engineering. The direct laser writing system enables fabrication of artificial polymeric scaffolds over a large area (up to cm in lateral size) with sub-micrometer resolution which could find practical applications in biomedicine and surgery. Yb:KGW femtosecond laser oscillator (Pharos, Light Conversion. Co. Ltd.) is used as an irradiation source (75 fs, 515 nm (frequency doubled), 80 MHz). The sample is mounted on wide range linear motor driven stages having 10 nm sample positioning resolution (XY--ALS130-100, Z--ALS130-50, Aerotech, Inc.). These stages guarantee an overall travelling range of 100 mm into X and Y directions and 50 mm in Z direction and support the linear scanning speed up to 300 mm/s. By moving the sample three-dimensionally the position of laser focus in the photopolymer is changed and one is able to write complex 3D ...

Science.gov (United States)

From the dried fruiting bodies of the mushroom Armillaria luteo-virens, a dimeric lectin with a molecular mass of 29.4 kDa has been isolated. The purification procedure involved (NH{sub 4}){sub 2}SO{sub 4} precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, and Q-Sepharose, and gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75. The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin could not be inhibited by simple sugars but was inhibited by the polysaccharide inulin. The activity was stable up to 70 {sup o}C but was acid- and alkali-labile. Salts including FeCl{sub 3}, AlCl{sub 3}, and ZnCl{sub 2} inhibited the activity whereas MgCl{sub 2}, MnCl{sub 2}, and CaCl{sub 2} did not. The lectin stimulated mitogenic response of mouse splenocytes with the maximal response achieved by 1 {mu}M lectin. Proliferation of tumor cells including MBL2 cells, HeLa cells, and L1210 cells was inhibited by the lectin with an IC{sub 5} of 2.5, 5, and 10 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The new industrial political tools based on the Sustainable development of productive activities and originating at the Rio Conference in 1992, late introduced by the EU, the Government and voluntary organizations (ISO, CEM, UNI) are gradually entering the market, thereby underlying their effect in terms of industrial competitiveness. The main tools were examined in this report and mostly refer to the voluntary ones which, in surpassing the Command and Control logic, increasingly tend to get close to traditional fiscal, tariff and financial ones. [Italian] I nuovi strumenti di politica industriale orientali allo Sviluppo Sostenibile delle attivita' produttive che traggono origine dalla Conferenza di Rio del 1992 e sono stati introdotti successivamente da pare della Comunita' Europea, dal Governo e dagli Organismi di normazione volontaria (ISO, CEN, UNI), stanno gradualmente penetrando sul mercato facendo valere i loro effetti in termini di ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The gotten concentrations of radon-222 in the installations of the IEN had been determined using the active and passive methods. The active method consisted on the use of the alpha spectrometry with a portable equipment Tracerlab Instruments WLM- Plus. In the determination for the passive method, one used detectors of nuclear strokes of type LEXAN. The raised values had been gotten in the wastes deposit and its annexes, room of the press and laboratory of wastes handling. It was observed, in this sector, an instantaneous measure of alpha spectrometry, concentrations around 1000 Bq.m-3, which had over all to the function of storage, the sector, a great volume of natural radioactive materials, especially of radium-226. This determination was carried through in an extreme situation of ventilation zero, where the gates had been kept closed during the execution of the same one. It was observed, however, a considerable fall, with values ten times inferior, after to submit the environment to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isothermal reaction experiments were performed in the temperature range of 1000 - 1300 C in order to determine the chemical interactions between Zircaloy-4 fuel rod cladding and Inconel-718 spacer grids of Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) under severe accident conditions. It was not possible to apply even higher temperatures since fast and complete liquefaction of the components occurred as a result of eutectic interactions during heatup. The liquid reaction products formed enhance and accelerate the degradation of the material couples and the fuel elements, respectively. Only small amounts of Inconel are necessary to liquefy large amounts of Zircaloy. Thin oxide layers on the Zircaloy surface delay the beginning of the chemical interactions with Inconel but cannot prevent them. In this work the reaction kinetics have been determined for the system: as-received and pre-oxidized Zircaloy-4/Inconel 718. The interactions can be described by parabolic rate laws; the Arrhenius equations for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The pharmacological properties of medicinal plants have been related to the presence of organic compounds, however elements are also known to have an important participation in the active compounds constitution process. In this study, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) was applied to determine elements in leaves of Casearia obliqua medicinal plant collected at two different locations in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil, SP. Soil samples collected from where this plant was grown were also analyzed in order to verify if there is a correlation between the elements present in soils and plant leaves. Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, K, La, Mn, Na, Rb, Sb, Sc and Zn were determined in C. obliqua leaves and the elements As, Ca, Ce, Eu, Fe, Hf, La, Lu, Nd, Rb, Sc, Sm, Tb, Th, U and Zn in soils. Soil samples collected from two different locations presented similar concentrations for most elements. Likewise, C. obliqua leaves collected from the two locations presented similar elemental ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The crystal structure, electronic structure, and photoluminescence properties of EuxSi6-zAlz-xOz+xN8-z-x (x=0-0.1, 0xMySi6-zAlz-x-yOz+x+yN8-z-x-y (M=2Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) have been studied. Single-phase EuxSi6-zAlz-xOz+xN8-z-x can be obtained in very narrow ranges of x?0.06 (z=0.15) and z2+ ions can be incorporated into nitrogen-rich Si6-zAlzOzN8-z. The Eu2+ ion is found to occupy the 2b site in a hexagonal unit cell (P63/m) and directly connected by six adjacent nitrogen/oxygen atoms ranging 2.4850-2.5089 A. The calculated host band gaps by the relativistic DV-X? method are about 5.55 and 5.45 eV (without Eu2+ 4f5d levels) for x=0 and 0.013 in EuxSi6-zAlz-xOz+xN8-z-x (z=0.15), in which the top of the 5d orbitals overlap with the Si-3s3p and N-2p orbitals within the bottom of the conduction band of the host. EuxSi6-zAlz-xOz+xN8-z-x shows a strong green emission with a broad Eu2+ band centered at about 530 nm under UV to near-UV excitation range. The excitation and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Historically the organizational models have followed an evolution that has underlined a parallel trend to the complexity of the market, introducing as different mechanisms of coordination. Up to yesterday the winning model it was that hierarchical that however it is not certainly immune from limits. Beginning from eight hundred and especially in the nine hundred experts of organization have studied an alternative or supplementary model to that hierarchical: the bureaucratic model. This last entrusts the organization of the firm to the norms and the procedures considering them like the best integrating mechanism of development of the organizations. Today it is not made that to speak of the model to net, but it would be a serious error if this had to a substitutive model thought of the precedents, that can work then without hierarchy and without alone procedures entirely thanks to the use of Internet. In the present job are individualized new models of management of the private firms and ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The purpose of this work is to investigate whether any morphometric or densitometric are detectable in the kidneys of type 2 diabetic patients. 40 diabetic patients were examined and of 20 non-diabetics (the control group) were submitted to triphasic helical CT for different abdominal conditions. The type 2 diabetic patients were 23 men and 17 women, mean age 62 years, while the nondiabetic controls were 12 men and 8 women, mean age 58 years. All the CT images were analyzed using the Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR) software. It was evaluated morphometric features, such as the presence of parenchymal or vascular calcifications, axial and coronal renal diameters, coronal renal area, and cortico medullary ratio, and densitometric and functional features, such as unenhanced renal density, cortical and medullary density in the arterial phase, parenchymal density in the nephrographic phase, and contrast elimination. It was also compared the results in the subgroups of patients with those in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Normally, the alloy NiMo28 is used in the solution annealed and quenched condition in which it has a face centred cubic matrix structure. The matrix of the material is supersaturated with molybdenum and, at temperatures above 800 C, has a tendency to form intermetallic precipitates such as the Ni{sub 4}Mo-ordered phase leading to the embrittlement of the NiMo28-ordered phase leading to the embrittlement of the NiMo28 alloy during hot working. For this reason, the aim of these investigations was to optimise the alloy by reducing its tendency to embrittle. The TEM-analyses carried out served to investigate the precipitation of the material as a function of its iron content after ageing at 700 C. The change in hardness and in the lattice constants of the NiMo28-specimens with iron content were also determined. To improve the hot working properties of this material it is recommended that the iron content be kept to about 3.2 mass % in order to reduce the tendency of the alloy to ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) followed by gamma-ray spectrometry was used to determine the concentrations of As, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Eu, Fe, K, La, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Pr, Sb, Se, Th, U, V and Z, in 82 leaf samples belonging to two cultivars of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp). Pigeonpea, an easy cultivation legume species, probably originated from Africa and adapted to brazilian conditions, is a very promising and unconventional source of food, mainly to the grain production intended for human feeding, and that even can be used in flour products. It is an excellent proteic supplement for ruminants, due to its large potential of forage production and its high nutritive value, or in addition it can be used in the recuperation of exhausting soils either by means of its utilization as green manure or by taking free Nitrogen from the atmosphere to produce nitrates which can be utilized by the plants. However, in spite of the several possibilities and increasing utilization ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lung is challenging because of substantial drawbacks. However, lung pathologies that are associated with increased attenuation values in CT enhance visualization in MRI: proton density is increased and tissue-air interfaces, resulting in susceptibility artifacts, are reduced in pneumonia, pneumonitis, edema, and carcinoma. On the other hand, many lung diseases result in shortness of breath, so that patients cannot hold their breath for long periods. Therefore, fast imaging techniques are required which should also allow for high spatial resolution so that small lesions can be detected. Calcifications and air pockets within lesions are not readily recognized with MRI. Thin section CT is standard for the diagnosis of pneumonia. With parallel imaging techniques, MRI examination of the lungs can be performed with short periods of breath holding, which allow for sub-centimeter resolution in the z-axis. Especially for follow-up examinations in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Clinical studies have proved the effectiveness of local ablading methods in pations with non-resectable liver metastases of a colorectal carcinoma. RF ablation and LITT are a potentially curative therapy option and an alternative to systemic chemotherapy; the latter is carried out primarily for reducing tumour size with the goal of secondary resectability. The number of R0-sesectable metastases can be enhanced by a combined therapy of surgery and local ablading methods, e.g. by preoperative, intraoperative or postoperative ablasion of further non-resectable tumours during surgery. Systemic chemotherapy combined with surgery as an adjuvant method is not recommended unless in cases of non-abladable tumour recidivation. Currently, systemic chemotherapy is used as a neo-adjuvant therapy for tumour size reduction with the goal of secondary resectability or, in case of inoperability, local ablation. (orig.) [German] Abladierende Verfahren. Klinische Studien belegen die Effektivitaet der ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The most important kaolin deposits from Campo Alegre region (S C) were formed by the conjunction of at least one hydrothermal phase followed by many others weathering, supergenic, phases. Possibly deposits formed by only one of these processes exist, but these deposits shall be small and smaller than those mined today. Besides kaolinization, illitization/muscovitization and silicification, hydrothermalism also generated pyritized and propilitized zones, with quartz + chlorite. Together, hipogenic alterations related to kaolin deposits are very similar to alterations of high sulfidation epigenetic volcanogenic gold deposits. Most part of the biggest kaolin mines from the southern part of Campo Alegre Basin are distributed along a 13 Km long and 0,5 Km width bent zone that is parallel to structural alignments that point out the eastern Basin border. This zone was originated by deformation that has inclined and broken rocks, generating a fault system alongside and parallel to structural ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: Budd-Chiari syndrome is a fairly uncommon disease in Europe. This often leads to its late diagnosis. The syndrome is characterised by portal hypertension and splanchnic congestion due to obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. This paper describes the treatment of three patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome by interventional therapeutic techniques and discusses alternative treatment modalities. Patients and Methods: The first patient presented with veno-occlusive disease and was treated by the placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stentshunt. The second patient showed an occlusion of the major hepatic veins. After percutaneous recanalisation, a stent was placed in the right hepatic vein which remained patent. The third patient had a membranous obstruction of the right hepatic vein which was treated by percutaneous balloon dilatation. Results: In all patients the clinical symptoms resolved completely after treatment and no complications were encountered. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The term 'Post-CHF' was generally used in the two-phase flow regime in tube flow occurring downstream of the CHF. It has various other names such as dispersed flow, liquid-deficient flow, mist flow and film boiling because the two-phase regime is characterized by a continuous vapor phase with discrete liquid drops and a non-wetted heated surface. The regime has been adopted in a lot of applications including nuclear power plants, fossil power plants, steam generators, refrigeration systems and spray cooling, In particular, this regime has a considerable importance in the areas of light water reactor(LWR) accident analysis (off-normal operating conditions) and design in heat exchangers operating in the once-through mode where subcooled liquid enters the exchanger and superheated vapor exits. Recently, innovative PWRs adopt very high power density increases and so require increased safety margins. For instance, advanced PWRs would be going to use a new-type of spacer ...

Science.gov (United States)

Shocked quartz minerals from the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) boundary and impact craters have been mainly discussed from distribution of optical directions, mean optical refractive index, and X-ray data (1). The purpose of the present study is presentation of the detailed mineralogical data of shocked quartz found in the K/T boundaries and terrestrial impact craters (2,3,4,5). X-ray powder diffraction pattern of shocked quartz aggregate reveals that all Xray peaks are split into major three peaks composed of low-density quartz (LQ), normal quartz (Q), and shocked quartz with high density (SQ). X-ray peaks of (110), (200), (201), (202), and (211) in the hexagonal cell are also split into many peaks. The X-ray intensity among LQ, Q, and SQ phases indicates that the SQ phase shows 36% to 53% in six K/T boundary samples (5). The relative X-ray intensity ratio of shocked quartz to standard rock crystal decreases into 13% to 37%, which suggests that shocked quartz ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The oxidation of boron carbide in steam or air was recently extensively studied especially in Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Institut fuer Materialforschung. An important data set is available for the interaction modelling. An oxygen diffusion model through the superficial liquid boron oxide formed on the boron carbide external surface associated to a superficial reaction between the liquid boron oxide and steam is proposed to simulate the experimental kinetics from BOX rig and thermogravimetric tests on the interaction between steam and boron carbide at a temperature range 800 C to 1400 C. The oxygen diffusion model will be also useful to simulate interaction between boron carbide and Ar+O2 (air simulation) atmosphere when the steam pressure becomes zero. From the analysis of BOX rig experimental kinetics of non-condensable (H2, CO2, CO and CH4) gases we propose an oxygen diffusion model through the liquid boron oxide and a ''steam/liquid boron ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Purpose: Evaluation of the diagnostic efficacy and cost-benefit of contrast enhanced CT (CT) and MRI pre- and post-SPIO-particles in focal hepatic disease with consideration of therapeutic outcome. Results: In 34/52 (65.4%) of the cases the correct diagnosis was primarily stated by CT (sensitivity [se.] 85.2%, specificity [sp.] 44.0%). In additional 10/52 of the cases unenhanced MRI (se. 91.4%, sp. 75.0%) enabled correct diagnoses, and in another 6 cases the diagnosis was established only by SPIO-MRI (se. 100%, sp. 86.7%). Considering the possible therapeutic recommendation arising from each modality, CT would have induced needless therapy costs of 191,042 DM, unenhanced MRI of 171,035 DM, and SPIO-MRI of 7,311 DM. In comparison to the real therapy costs of 221,873 DM, this would have corresponded to an unnecessary increase of therapy costs of 86.1%, 77.1%, and 3.3%, respectively. In two cases (91 hemangioma, 1 regenerative nodule) all modalities failed, causing unnecessary surgery in ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

{sup 14}C is a is a long-lived beta-emitting nuclide (T{sub 1/2} = 5730 years) produced naturally in the upper atmosphere as a result of reactions between neutrons and stable {sup 14}N({sup 14}N(n,p){sup 14}C). Although in a lesser extent, nuclear power plants produce {sup 14}C as well during their routine operation. Since it is converted in {sup 14}CO{sub 2} and mixed throughout the atmosphere, it is incorporated into plant tissues, via photosynthesis process, and hence in food chain. Because of the biological importance of {sup 14}C and long half-life, it is of interest to quantify the amounts released by nuclear industry. The Brazilian nuclear central named Nuclear Central Admiral Alvaro Alberto (CNAAA) has two nuclear reactors of PWR type in operation, Angra I (657 MWe) and Angra II (1350 MWe), and one under construction, Angra III (1309 MWe PWR). The aim of this study was to determine the strength of the sources and the {sup 14}C content in the environment through analyses of air, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report describes work carried out in the context of TurboTech Interim for the development of a system for monitoring stationary gas turbines for approaching the stability limit of the compressor. The requirements for the system components were defined and the suitability of different types and positions of pressure sensors were examined and evaluated. It was found very early in the work that, due to the complexity of the object being monitored, one would not succeed in finding a simple criterion for monitoring the pump limit. Rather, apart from the selection of suitable sensors and optimum positions, one must analyse the present signals in different ways and create a decision matrix from this. Existing work on this subject is mostly concerned with the phenomena in the context of experiments on experimental compressors or is not suitable for the requirements of stationary industrial gas turbines. The project is being carried out in the context of TurboTech II with the main aims of: ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic imaging tool relies on the generation of magnetic fields, whereas the computerized tomography (CT) uses X-radiation. The fundamental principle of MRI is the magnetic resonance of paramagnetic atomic nuclei. These nuclei, as e.g. protons (= hydrogen nuclei), are aligned in required orientation by application of a strong magnetic field. Upon simultaneous application of an electromagnetic high-frequency field perpendicular to the axis of the basic magnetic field, and in response to periodical changing of the electromagnetic field at a given frequency, the originally aligned paramagnetic nuclei are forced into a movement similar to that of a ``whipping top``. When the resonance frequency is shut off, the nuclei return to their former, aligned positions, inducing a weak signal in a coil. The series of signals generated by multiple repetition of this process of excitation of nuclei and their return to aligned rest is used as input to a ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study focuses the granitoids of center-southern portion of Guyana Shield, southeastern Roraima, Brazil. The region is characterized by two tectonic-stratigraphic domains, named as Central Guyana (GCD) and Uatuma-Anaua (UAD) and located probably in the limits of geochronological provinces (e.g. Ventuari-Tapajos or Tapajos-Parima, Central Amazonian and Maroni-Itacaiunas or Transamazon). The aim this doctoral thesis is to provide new petrological and lithostratigraphic constraints on the granitoid rocks and contribute to a better understanding of the origin and geo dynamic evolution of Guyana Shield. The GCD is only locally studied near to the UAD boundary, and new geological data and two single zircon Pb-evaporation ages in mylonitic biotite granodiorite (1.89 Ga) and foliated hastingsite-biotite granite (1.72 Ga) are presented. These ages of the protholiths contrast with the lithostratigraphic picture in the other areas of Cd (1.96-1.93 Ga). Regional mapping, petrography, ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Rectus sheath hematomas are a frequent but sometimes misdiagnosed disease in patients under anticoagulative drugs, hemodialysis, or simply in the elderly. The most frequent localization is in the lower part of the abdomen: the explanation lies in the anatomy of the abdominal wall, especially in the arcuate line of the rectus sheath. Aim of this work is to explain the reason of the almost constant location correlating the anatomy with the CT features. The rectus abdominis muscle lies between the aponeuroses of the transverse and oblique muscles which form the so called rectus sheath. This arrangement is found from the costal arch to a level approximately between the umbilicus and the pubic symphisis, where the rear layer of the rectus sheath ends with a curved edge, called the arcuate or semicircular line of Douglas. Beneath this line the aponeuroses of the three muscles pass in front of the rectus which is separated from the peritoneum only by the fascia trasversalis, a thin connective ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Acute thoracic aortic injuries account for up to 10-20% of fatalities in high-speed deceleration road accidents and have an estimated immediate fatality rate of 80-90%. Untreated survivors to acute trauma (10-20%) have a dismal prognosis: 30% of them die within 6 hours, 40-50% die within 24 hours, and 90% within 4 months. It was investigated the diagnostic accuracy of Helical Computed Tomography (Helical CT) in acute traumatic injuries of the thoracic aorta, and the role of this technique in the diagnostic management of trauma patients with a strong suspicion of aortic rupture. It was compared retrospectively the chest Helical CT findings of 256 trauma patients examined June 1995 through August 1999. Chest Helical CT examinations were performed according to trauma score, to associated traumatic lesions and to plain chest radiographic findings. All the examinations were performed with no intravenous contrast agent administration and the pitch 2 technique. After a previous baseline ...