Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The electrode structure of an inverted cesium sputtering negative ion source has been modified to produce a convergent Cs/sup +/ beam. The intensities of negative ion beams produced with this electrode structure are approximately an order of magnitude greater than previously obtained.

KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

In areas where grid connection is difficult and costly, the use of renewable energy is both economically and environmentally advantageous. Due to typically low system efficiency (10%) and intermittency of photovoltaic (PV) electricity generation, a new design of multi-level H-bridge inverter technology is considered. This multi-level technology increases DC to AC conversion efficiency and the design includes battery energy storage to enable 24/7 operation. The proposed multi-level inverter is compared and contrasted with other existing designs. The proposed cascaded inverter provides lower switching losses, simple switching techniques, modularity, and simpler charge-balancing approaches than conventional technology. A switching technique was designed for the proposed multi-level inverter t...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Described herein are the latest trends in rolling mill facilities toward the 21st. century and new techniques developed by Hitachi Ltd. These cover hot rolling facilities, such as two-stage twin, high crown control-roll cross mill, roll shaping machine and continuous hot rolling systems; cold rolling facilities, such as pickling line-tandem cold mill and other continuous systems; and fine steel rolling facilities, such as roll mill for very small diameter pipes and others to improve productivity and product quality. The other new techniques include systems to pursue reliability and maintainability, in which electric appliances, instruments and computers are integrated, or equipped with built-in large-capacity inverters and drivers. For hot rolling, the above techniques lead to development of a new system named Hi-HOT, which produces high-quality hot coils at a sufficient speed, while keeping rolled steel at a desired temperature. 1 ref., 3 ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We consider the Pauli theorem on the spin-statistics connection for faster-than-light particles. As the consequence of the unlocalizability of tachyons in space we conclude that their spin-statistics correlations are inverted.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A home-made 3.1 kWh wind turbine that is promising to be the hottest new wind product to appear for home/farm users in some time, is described. The turbine is installed near a farm house in the high wind area of Mount Forest, Ontario. The turbine is hooked up to a four kilowatt Trace inverter charger which is coupled through a DC disconnect and C-60 charge controller to two sets of solar panels (seven panels of 120 W each by Solarex SX 120, and five panels by Sharp, each providing 1600 watt of solar power). The wind turbine and the solar panels, assisted by two 65-year old refurbished wind turbines, one bank of Gel Cell batteries, and an Onan 5 kW gas generator supply the electrical requirements of a seven member family in a 3400 square foot house. The new turbine is mounted on an 80-foot tower, has three eight foot Kevlar blades that produce a 17 foot overall sweep. The turbine weighs 615 lbs., produces 3.1 kW of pure ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A delta connected, resonant snubber-based, soft switching, inverter circuit achieves lossless switching during dc-to-ac power conversion and power conditioning with minimum component count and size. Current is supplied to the resonant snubber branches solely by the dc supply voltage through the main inverter switches and the auxiliary switches. Component count and size are reduced by use of a single semiconductor switch in the resonant snubber branches. Component count is also reduced by maximizing the use of stray capacitances of the main switches as parallel resonant capacitors. Resonance charging and discharging of the parallel capacitances allows lossless, zero voltage switching. In one embodiment, circuit component size and count are minimized while achieving lossless, zero voltage switching within a three-phase inverter.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Helium and Lead Observatory (HALO) is a supernova neutrino detector under development for construction at SNOLAB. It is intended to fulfill a niche as a long term, low cost, high livetime, and low maintenance, dedicated supernova detector. It will be constructed from 80 tonnes of lead, from the decommissioning of the Deep River Cosmic Ray Station, and instrumented with approximately 384 meters of {sup 3}He neutron detectors from the final phase of the SNO experiment. Charged- and Neutral-Current neutrino interactions in lead expel neutrons from the lead nuclei making a burst of detected neutrons the signature for the detection of a supernova. Existing neutrino detectors are mostly of the water Cerenkov and liquid scintillator types, which are primarily sensitive to electron anti-neutrinos via charged-current interactions on the hydrogen nuclei in these materials. By contrast, the large neutron excess of a heavy nucleus like Pb acts to Pauli-block p)n transitions induced by electron ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The concept of a direct energy recovery system that applies a varying magnetic field is proposed for a negative-ion-based neutral beam injection system (NNB) to heat a plasma and/or drive a plasma current in a fusion reactor. The output beam energy and power of such an NNB will be {approximately}1 MeV and {approximately}1- MW/beam-line, respectively, and nearly the same amounts of positive- and negative-ion beams remain unneutralized in an NNB by using a gas-neutralizing cell. Therefore, the output of a beam direct convertor in an NNB is a bipolar direct current (dc) electric power with close to {plus_minus} 1 MV and several amperes if a conventional electrostatic or magnetostatic field is applied for ion beam separation. However, such high-voltage dc power is difficult to handle at the point of the regeneration of the power back to a commercial electric line because a very high voltage inverter tough enough to withstand occasional sparkdowns at recovery electrodes ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A highly efficiency partial smoothing method is proposed to be used for inverters for 40W class household fluorescent inverters. In this system, the input current from the commercial AC power source is accumulated in a capacitor with comparatively small capacity as the electric charge, and then the lamp circuit is driven by the inverter utilizing the charging voltage of the capacitor and the charging voltage of the separately prepared partial smoothing capacitor. By this method, the RF harmonic components in the supply current can be decreased to improve the power factor with no complicated feedback controlling device. In addition, comparatively small capacity coils and capacitors can be used. The structure of the circuit and the operation of this proposed method are described, and the operational characteristic of the prototype circuit and the result of analysis are shown. Furthermore, problems and improving method of the ...

Science.gov (United States)

A familiar power inverter circuit, combined with a ferroresonant transformer and a simple control circuit, provides the basis for an economically attractive modular family of DC to DC converters. The circuit is readily adaptable to a wide range of input voltages and single or multiple output voltages.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inverted annular flow can be visualized as a liquid jet-like core surrounded by a vapor annulus. While many analytical and experimental studies of heat transfer in this regime have been performed, there is very little understanding of the basic hydrodynamics of the post-CHF flow field. However, a recent experimental study was done that was able to successfully investigate the effects of various steady-state inlet flow parameters on the post-CHF hydrodynamics of the film boiling of a single phase liquid jet. This study was carried out by means of a visual photographic analysis of an idealized single phase core inverted annular flow initial geometry (single phase liquid jet core surrounded by a coaxial annulus of gas). In order to extend this study, a subsequent flow visualization of an idealized two-phase core inverted annular flow geometry (two-phase central jet core, surrounded by a coaxial annulus of gas) was carried out. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Bis(diphenylphosphino)phenylamine can be selectivity oxidized by S or Se in toluene or hexane solvents to the monooxidized thioyl or selenoyl products Ph[sub 2]PN(PH)PPh[sub 2]=E, (E = S, Se). These compounds act as bidentate chelate ligands toward metal complexes forming (CO)[sub 4]M(LL) (M = Mo, W), CO(Cl)Rh(LL), and Cl[sub 2]M(LL), (M = Pt, Pd) where (LL) is the thioyl or selenoyl derivative of the aminobis(phosphine). IR and NMR data are given for all complexes. The carbonyl infrared stretching frequencies show that the chelates form with the phosphine cis to any CO which is present. The [sup 31]P NMR of all complexes of two doublets except for the Rh complexes wherein the Rh spin also couples to phosphorous to produce two doublets of doublets. The [sup 2]J[sub PP] values range from 56 to 112 Hz. [sup 1]J[sub PSe] coupling provide valuable assistance for the assignment of the phosphorus resonances which range widely from 55 to 126 ppm for P[sup III] and from 60 ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A visual study of film boiling using photographic and high speed motion-picture methods was carried out to determine the flow regime transition criteria in the post-CHF region. An idealized inverted annular flow was obtained by introducing a liquid jet of Freon 113 through a nozzle, precisely centered with respect to the internal diameter of the test section, with an annular gas flow. The respective ranges for liquid and gas exit velocities were 0.05 to 0.5 and 0.03 to 7.9 m/s. Nitrogen and helium were used in the study. For the present configuration, there are four basic flow regimes. Beginning from the nozzle exit, there is a smooth, inverted annular flow section with liquid in the core and gas in the annulus; followed by the rough wavy section with an intact liquid core, the agitated and the dispersed flow regimes. For a given liquid jet velocity, the axial extent of each flow regime decreases with increasing gas velocity through the ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A comparison between the concepts of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and the ultra low emission vehicle (ULEV) was presented. The ULEV uses a much larger engine compared to the HEV, but it uses a lower Kw generator/motor and inverter/charger to use the latest engine and battery technology. The underlying goal of the ULEV is to supply auxiliary power under start-up and heavy load conditions and to remove indirect systems such as steering, starting and blower control from the engine via small electric drives. The challenge is to build a ULEV that is robust enough to withstand any environmental conditions. Since the ULEV engine is larger, it can experience compartment temperatures greater than 125 degrees C, which limits the use of conventional filter capacitors. Nippon Chemi-Con has recently developed U787D, the world's first continuous 150 degrees C rated aluminum electrolytic capacitor designed to meet the ambient, ripple currents and vibration ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

A visual study of film boiling is carried out to determine the flow regime transition in the post-CHF region. An idealized inverted annular flow is obtained by introducing a liquid jet of Freon 113 through a nozzle, precisely centered with respect to the internal diameter of the test section, with an annular gas flow. The respective ranges for liquid and gas velocities are 0.05-0.5 and 0.03-8.2 m s"-"1. Nitrogen and helium are used in the study. For the present configuration, there are four flow regimes; namely, the smooth inverted annular flow-section, the rough wavy, agitated and dispersed flow regimes. (author).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper tests the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for four local (SOx, NOx, CO, VOC) and two global (CO2, GHG) air pollutants. Using a new panel data set of thirty OECD countries, the paper finds that the postulated inverted U-shaped relationship between income and pollution does not hold for all gases. A meaningful Environmental Kuznets Curve exists only for CO, VOC and NOx, where for CO2 the curve is monotonically increasing. For GHG there is indication of an inverted U-shaped relationship between income and pollution, but still most countries are on the increasing path of the curve and hence the future development of the curve is uncertain. For SOx it was found that emissions follow an U-shaped curve. Based on the empirical results, the paper concludes that the Environmental Kuznets Curve does not hold for all gases, it is rather an empirical artefact than a regularity.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The chronology of installing solar power in a rural area of Ontario is described. The installation took all of seven years, and was characterized by a lot of joy, but also a lot of heartache and hardship, all of which are chronicled in this article. The project started with four solar modules generating 300 watts, nickel cadmium batteries of 225 Ah, an inverter of 600 watt, and a three-cylinder 6.5 Kw water-cooled propane generator. Today, nearly seven years later, the installation consists of 18 solar modules supplying 1350 watts of power, lead-acid batteries of 2770 Ah, a 2500 watt inverter, a one cylinder, 5.5 kw propane-gasoline generator, a heated, underground generator house, complete with an amp-hour meter and MPPT charge controller.

Science.gov (United States)

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) offers label-free, optical absorption contrast. A high-speed, high-resolution PAM system in an inverted microscope configuration with a laser pulse repetition rate of 100,000 Hz and a stationary ultrasonic transducer was built. Four-dimensional in vivo imaging of microcirculation in mouse skin was achieved at 18 three-dimensional volumes per second with repeated two-dimensional raster scans of 100 by 50 points. The corresponding twodimensional B-scan (50 A-lines) frame rate was 1800 Hz, and the one-dimensional A-scan rate was 90,000 Hz. The lateral resolution is 0.23+/-0.03 ?m for Au nano-wire imaging, which is 2.0 times below the diffraction limit.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Lorentz invariant theory of second quantization of superluminal electromagnetic fields has been constructed in purely group theoretical manner by using the reduced expansion of four-vector fields for imaginary mass system in terms of standard helicity representations of Poincare group. It has been shown that the usual relationship of spin and statistics need not be inverted for Lorentz invariance of the theory of spin-1 tachyons. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The authors report an extension of the source imaging method for analyzing three-dimensional sources from three-dimensional correlations. The technique consists of expanding the correlation data and the underlying source function in spherical harmonics and inverting the resulting system of one-dimensional integral equations. With this strategy, they can image the source function quickly, even with the extremely large data sets common in three-dimensional analyses.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An experimental study of the hydrodynamics of a narrow channel was performed in order to obtain the heat transfer mechanisms and influences contributing to the flow regime transition from inverted annular to inverted slug flows for post dryout downflow. The experimental series consisted of both adiabatic and diabatic visualization tests over a wide range of fluid and thermal parameters. The system inlet gas velocities ranged from 0 to 14 meters per second while the inlet fluid velocities ranged from 1 to 3 meters per second. Full extent visualization of the flow regime was possible due to a quartz tube in tube construction with a clear heating fluid. Constant temperature heating of the freon was accomplished at bulk fluid temperatures above the critical heat flux temperature. For each hydrodynamic flow condition, one to three minuets of VHS-video filming was performed to acquire both flow regime and break-up length data. In addition to this the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The DLTS technique was employed to study deep defect centers in Si doped epitaxial layers of Al_0_._3_7Ga_0_._1_6In_0_._4_7P grown by MOCVD as a part of epitaxial structure GaAs/AlGaInP/GaAs on GaAs substrates. A high concentration of DX centers located in a region near the inverted interface GaAs/Al_0_._3_7Ga_0_._1_6In_0_._4_7P was found. The width of this region with the maximum DX center concentration ranges from 5 to 20 nm. By filling the DX centers in the whole region, the activation energy for electron emission was found to be 0.48 eV. However, it is shown for the first time, that the activation energy of the DX center increases with increasing the distance from the GaAs/Al_0_._3_7Ga_0_._1_6In_0_._4_7P inverted interface. A nonuniform of the DX center concentration on the wafers is also observed. The concentration varies in the range of 1#centre dot#10"1"7 cm"-"3 - 10"1"8 cm"-"3. (author)

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This research investigates the impact of national culture and several institutional factors on the safety performance of society and establishes statistically significant relationships between those variables. As expected, the research results reveal that some cultural variables such as uncertainty avoidance, gender orientation and institutional variables such as the degree of law avoidance can directly influence the safety performance of the society. The findings also support the inverted u-curve (Safety Kuznet curve) hypothesis indicating even if we expect a negative trend at the beginning stage of industrialization, we can expect a positive trend in safety performance as their income level continues to improve beyond a certain point.

CERN Document Server

A theory of nonunitary-invertible as well as unitary canonical transformations is formulated in the context of Weyl's phase space representations. Exact solutions of the transformation kernels and the phase space propagators are given for the three fundamental canonical maps as fractional-linear, gauge and contact (point) transformations. Under the nonlinear maps a phase space representation is mapped to another phase space representation thereby extending the standard concept of covariance. This extended covariance allows Dirac-Jordan transformation theory to naturally emerge from the Hilbert space representations in the Weyl quantization.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Visualizations by real-time neutron radiography are demonstrated of various flow patterns of nitrogen gas-water two-phase flow in a stainless-steel tube, water inverted annular flow in a stainless-steel tube, flashing flow in an aluminium nozzle and fluidized bed in aluminium tube and vessels. Photographs every 1/60 s are presented by an image processing method to show the dynamic behaviours of the various flow patterns. It is shown that this visualization method can be applied efficiently to multiphase flow researches and will be applicable to multiphase flows in industrial machines. (author).

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study revisits the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for water pollution by using a recent dynamic technique, which is the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach, for a board sample of 97 countries during the period 1980-2001. On a global scale, as we cannot obtain the EKC relationship between real income and biological oxygen demand (BOD) emissions, this paper further classifies these countries into four regional groups - Africa, Asia and Oceania, America, and Europe - to explore whether the different regions have different ECK relationships. The empirical results show evidence of the inverted U-shaped EKC relationships' existence in America and Europe, but not in Africa and Asia and Oceania. Thus, the regional difference of EKC for water pollution is supported. Furthermore, the estimated turning points are, approximately, US$13,956 and US$38,221 for America and Europe, respectively.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This study revisits the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for water pollution by using a recent dynamic technique, which is the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach, for a board sample of 97 countries during the period 1980-2001. On a global scale, as we cannot obtain the EKC relationship between real income and biological oxygen demand (BOD) emissions, this paper further classifies these countries into four regional groups - Africa, Asia and Oceania, America, and Europe - to explore whether the different regions have different ECK relationships. The empirical results show evidence of the inverted U-shaped EKC relationships' existence in America and Europe, but not in Africa and Asia and Oceania. Thus, the regional difference of EKC for water pollution is supported. Furthermore, the estimated turning points are, approximately, US$13,956 and US$38,221 for America and Europe, respectively. (author)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The original objective of our EMSP research was to design, develop, and test new in situ field permeameters for use in spatial variability studies of unsaturated hydraulic properties. We initially focused on activities related to development and testing of techniques for inverting permeameter data, development of numerical tools for data inversion, error evaluation for permeameter design, and permeameter component design. However, the results of error evaluations for permeameter design caused us to redirect our research, and reformulate our research objectives. We discovered that small, simple measurement errors lead to significant bias in the estimated hydraulic properties and their spatial statistics. Our reformulated research objective became the evaluation of the origin, impact and relevance of spatial bias in field-and laboratory-estimated unsaturate hydraulic properties, with an emphasis on spatial statistics and the resulting predictions of stochastic models ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Silicon layered structures containing porous silicon modified with various thermal treatments and epitaxial layers deposited on porous layers were studied with a number of complementary X-ray diffraction methods using synchrotron source. The methods of characterization included recording of rocking curves for reflections with various asymmetry as well as projection, section and micro-Laue topography. It was found that oxidizing and sintering of porous silicon seriously modified the strains in the porous layer and in some cases even inverting the sense of strain with respect to that in initially formed porous layer. Consequently the deposited epitaxial layer usually was not laterally coherent with the substrate. Some of investigated layers were not stable in time and after few months period exhibited significant lost of coherence of porous skeleton. (author)

CERN Document Server

Strong gravitational lensing of an extended object is described by a mapping from source to image coordinates that is nonlinear and cannot generally be inverted analytically. Determining the structure of the source intensity distribution also requires a description of the blurring effect due to a point spread function. This initial study uses an iterative gravitational lens modeling scheme based on the semilinear method to determine the linear parameters (source intensity profile) of a strongly lensed system. Our 'matrix-free' approach avoids construction of the lens and blurring operators while retaining the least squares formulation of the problem. The parameters of an analytical lens model are found through nonlinear optimization by an advanced genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimizer (PSO). These global optimization routines are designed to explore the parameter space thoroughly, mapping model degeneracies in detail. We develop a novel method that ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

According to the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, the relationship between per-capita GDP and per-capita pollutant emissions has an inverted-U shape. This implies that, past a certain point, economic growth may actually be profitable for environmental quality. Most studies on this subject are based on estimating fully parametric quadratic or cubic regression models. While this is not technically wrong, such an approach somewhat lacks flexibility since it may fail to detect the true shape of the relationship if it happens not to be of the specified form. We use semiparametric and flexible nonlinear parametric modeling methods in an attempt to provide more robust inferences. We find little evidence in favour of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Our main results could be inte...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Chitosan (a?-(1-4)-amino-2-deoxy-b?-D-glucan) is a deacetylated form of chitin, a polysaccharide from crustacean shells. Its unique characteristics, such as positive charge, biodegradability, biocompatibility, nontoxicity, and rigid structure, make this macromolecule ideal for an oral vaccine delivery system. We prepared reverse-phase evaporation vesicles (REVs) sandwiched by chitosan (Chi) and polyvinylic alcohol (PVA). However, in this method, there are still some problems to be circumvented related to protein stabilization. During the inverted micelle phase of protein nanoencapsulation, hydrophobic interfaces are expanded, leading to interfacial adsorption, followed by protein unfolding and aggregation. Here, spectroscopic and immunological techniques were used to ascertain the effects ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Heat pipes, loop heat pipes (LHP), and capillary pumped loops (CPL) have already proven their potential to remove high heat fluxes from a small electronic device and transport the heat to a heat sink that is large enough to transfer it into the ambient air. We introduce a novel two-loop system similar in design to CPLs but with an additional buoyancy-driven fluid loop. Non-degassed methanol is used as a working fluid. Key benefits compared to LHPs and CPLs are easy filling procedure, easy startup, and the tolerance toward noncondensable gases in the fluid. The amount of fluid in the system can be varied over a broad range without affecting the heat transfer performance. Three different inverted-meniscus-type evaporators have been employed in this study. A maximum evaporator heat transfer r...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

From the beginning of the 90s the analysis of the relationships between economic growth and environmental pressures has been influenced by the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis or inverted-U shaped relationship between environmental pressure and per capita income. Following this hypothesis, once achieved certain income level, more economic growth is followed by environmental quality improvement. In this paper, we analyse and discuss the theories that support this hypothesis as well as the empirical evidence on this subject. Further on we analyse the relationship between per capita income and the main environmental pollutants for the case does not support the hypothesis. The empirical evidence shows that economic growth, by itself, does not entail a pollution reduction. (Author) 35 refs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An Experimental study was performed to investigate flow characteristic of multi-stage expansion valve applied with inverter heat pump. Multi-stage expansion consists of parallel valve which is controlled on/off type of solenoid valve. Expansion valve open one solenoid the other closed in low frequency region and open two solenoid valve in high frequency region. In rated frequency region always open one solenoid valve and control period and on-off time ratio for the other solenoid valve. Flow characteristics of a orifice expansion was measured as a function of orifice diameter and operating conditions. As a results multi-stage expansion device can control a stable flow with period and on-off time ratio. (author). 4 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this report an isolated PWM DC-AC SICAM with an active capacitive voltage clamp is presented. AC-DC power supply is implemented in its simplest form: diode rectifier followed by a medium-size charge-storage capacitors and possibly with an EMC filter on the mains entrance. Isolation from the AC mains is achieved using a high frequency (HF) transformer, whose voltages are not audio-modulated. The latter simplifies the design and is expected to have many advantages over the approach where the transformer voltages are modulated in regards to the audio signal reference. Input stage is built as a DC-AC inverter (push-pull, half-bridge or a full-bridge) and operated with 50% duty cycle, with all the challenges to avoid transformer saturation and obtain symmetrical operation. On the secondary side the output section is implemented as rectifier+inverter AC-AC stage, i.e. a true bidirectional bridge, which operation is aimed towards amplification of ...

J-STORE (Japan)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study, we investigate the relationship between income and environmental quality for Turkey at two levels. First, the relationship between the CO{sub 2} emissions and per capita income is examined by the help of a time series model using cointegration techniques. In the second stage, the relationship between income and air pollution is investigated by using PM{sub 10} and SO{sub 2} measurements in Turkish provinces. In this part of the study panel data estimation techniques are utilized. The time series model covers 1968-2003, and the panel data model covers 1992-2001 including observations from 58 provinces. A monotonically increasing relationship between CO{sub 2} and income is found in the long-run according to time series analysis. On the other hand, panel data analysis indicates an N-shape relationship for SO{sub 2} and PM{sub 10} emissions. Therefore, the results of our time series and panel data analyses do not support the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis, which ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study, we investigate the relationship between income and environmental quality for Turkey at two levels. First, the relationship between the CO{sub 2} emissions and per capita income is examined by the help of a time series model using cointegration techniques. In the second stage, the relationship between income and air pollution is investigated by using PM{sub 10} and SO{sub 2} measurements in Turkish provinces. In this part of the study panel data estimation techniques are utilized. The time series model covers 1968-2003, and the panel data model covers 1992-2001 including observations from 58 provinces. A monotonically increasing relationship between CO{sub 2} and income is found in the long-run according to time series analysis. On the other hand, panel data analysis indicates an N-shape relationship for SO{sub 2} and PM{sub 10} emissions. Therefore, the results of our time series and panel data analyses do not support the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis, which ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The ruthenium decontamination factor in Purex process falls quickly in successive TBP cycles. So, it is necessary to change the chemical states of RuNO complexes in order to improve DF_R_u in the uranium purification cycle. Hydrazine nitrate is being used to transform RuNO complexes into in-extractable Ru(III)and Ru(IV). However, hydrazine nitrate may be inverted into hydrazoic acid which is dangerous and can bring an unstable factor. Pretreatment using U(IV) solution provides another method to improve the decontamination of ruthenium in Purex process. 0.02 mol/lU(IV) solution can transform RuNO complexes into inextricable species by heating in water bath. The D_R_u can be decreased by a factor of 10-20. U(IV) pretreatment does not bring any harmful chemical in process. The acidity has a very large influence on the effect of pretreatment. The higher the acidity is, the worse the effect will be.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Onset of convection in a layer of couple-stress fluid-saturated porous medium is investigated for different types of basic temperature gradients. The boundaries are considered to be adiabatically insulated to temperature perturbations. The eigenvalue equations of the perturbed state obtained from the normal mode analysis are solved analytically using a regular perturbation technique with wave number as a perturbation parameter and also numerically using the Galerkin technique. The critical stability parameters obtained from these two techniques are in excellent agreement and an increase in the value of couple-stress parameter is found to delay the onset of convection. The results also indicate that the piecewise linear temperature profile hastens the onset of convection when compared to linear, parabolic, and inverted parabolic temperature profiles. In addition, the influence of thermal depth on the critical conditions is assessed in the case of piecewise linear ...

Science.gov (United States)

This report describes the results of EPRI Program S404-28, titled Experimental Modeling of Eddy Current Response'', conducted by the Westinghouse Science and Technology Center (STC). The Westinghouse STC demonstrates that its mercury modeling technique provides an unique bridge between steam generator eddy current field inspection conditions and predictions obtained using recently developed analytical models. The mercury modeling technique was used systematically to explore factors which contribute to primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) sizing inaccuracy, including probe design, coil excitation frequency, crack length, and crack morphology. Two new proposed techniques for inverting crack lengths from eddy current data are compared with the technique commonly used in field data analysis for PWSCC. The performance of uniform field eddy current probes is compared with the performance of pancake coil probe designs, and an assessment of ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

It is reported that due to the large demand for electricity in Japanese homes and given the fact that the energy consumption rate of air conditioners to the total energy consumption rate in an average home exceeds 20%, an energy saving-type room air conditioner is essential, also for environmental reasons. Japanese customers ranked high running costs as a major drawback of conventional equipment. Toshiba started developing the first generation energy saving air conditioners in 1993. Improvements to the concept were made and the 1995 model offers a heating COP of 4.65 and a cooling COP of 4.3 at rated conditions, an improvement of more than 30% compared to the conventional model. Various component improvements have led to this high performance including the indoor fan design, a DC compressor motor and inverter using digital sampling, advanced (PMV) control technology, and compact heat exchangers. The latest feature is genetic algorithm control. The latest model also ...

Science.gov (United States)

Large-scale invariant sets such as chaotic attractors undergo bifurcations as a parameter is varied. These bifurcations include sudden changes in the size and/or type of the set. An explosion is a bifurcation in which new recurrent points suddenly appear at a non-zero distance from any pre-existing recurrent points. We discuss the following. In a generic one-parameter family of dissipative invertible maps of the plane there are only four known mechanisms through which an explosion can occur: (1) a saddle-node bifurcation isolated from other recurrent points, (2) a saddle-node bifurcation embedded in the set of recurrent points, (3) outer homoclinic tangencies, and (4) outer heteroclinic tangencies. (The term ``outer tangency'' refers to a particular configuration of the stable and unstable manifolds at tangency.) In particular, we examine different types of tangencies of stable and unstable manifolds from orbits of pre-existing invariant sets. This leads to a ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper investigates the relationship between economic growth and pollutant emissions for a small and open developing country, Tunisia, during the period 1961-2004. The investigation is made on the basis of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, using time series data and cointegration analysis. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are used as the environmental indicators, and GDP as the economic indicator. Our results show that there is a long-run cointegrating relationship between the per capita emissions of two pollutants and the per capita GDP. An inverted U relationship between SO2 emissions and GDP has been found, with income turning point approximately equals to $1200 (constant 2000 prices) or to $3700 (in PPP, constant 2000 prices). However, a monotonically increasing relationship with GDP is found more appropriate for CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the causality results show that the relationship between income and pollution in Tunisia is one ...

CERN Document Server

We conjecture that all CP violations (both Dirac and Majorana types) arise from a common origin in neutrino seesaw. With this conceptually attractive and simple conjecture, we deduce that mu-tau breaking shares the common origin with all CP violations. We study the common origin of mu-tau and CP breaking in the Dirac mass matrix of seesaw Lagrangian (with right-handed neutrinos being mu-tau blind), which uniquely leads to inverted mass-ordering of light neutrinos. We then predict different correlations between the two small mu-tau breaking observables theta_{13} - 0 and theta_{23} -45, which can be tested against our previous normal mass-ordering scheme by the on-going oscillation experiments. We also analyze the correlations of theta_{13} with Jarlskog invariant and neutrinoless double-beta-decay observable. From the common origin of CP and mu-tau breaking in the neutrino seesaw, we establish a direct link between the low energy CP violations and the cosmological ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Various main circuit equipment with large capacity GTO thyristors are outlined for AC and DC electric cars. The configuration of a PWM converter system is presented for the AC main motor drive system of the Shinkansen trains, and its following features are described: the high power factor control capable of keeping a power factor 100% constantly, energy saving by power regenerative braking, the small triple structure with large capacity reverse-conducting GTO thyristors of 4,500V/3,000A, and the reduction of equivalent interfering current and harmonic current by three phase-triple phase difference operation. Furthermore, a control logic equipment with 16 bit MPU and a main transformer are outlined, and the verification test results of the control logic equipment by an analog model simulation and the combinational test results of the commercial equipment are reported. Prototype VVVF inverter system for DC electric cars is also presented. 6 refs., 13 figs., 3 tabs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Optimum conditions for the rapid, efficient, nondestructive determination of rubber producing potential in guayule (Parthenium argentatum) were established. The rubber producing potential...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication.

J-STORE (Japan)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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KoreaScience (Korea)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

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Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Short communication.

J-STORE (Japan)

Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Council for Automotive Research (composed of automakers Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler) announced in January 2002 a new cooperative research effort. Known as 'FreedomCAR' (derived from 'Freedom' and 'Cooperative Automotive Research'), it represents DOE's commitment to developing public/private partnerships to fund high-risk, high-payoff research into advanced automotive technologies. Efficient fuel cell technology, which uses hydrogen to power automobiles without air pollution, is a very promising pathway to achieving the ultimate vision. The new partnership replaces and builds upon the Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles initiative that ran from 1993 through 2001. The Advanced Power Electronics and Electric Machines (APEEM) subprogram within the FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies Program provides support and guidance for many cutting-edge automotive ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The stoichiometry of photorespiration, S, is defined as the fraction of glycolate carbon photorespired. It is postulated that under steady-state conditions there are two determinants of the ratio of photorespiration to net photosynthesis: the partitioning of ribulose bisphosphate between oxidation and carboxylation, and the partitioning of glycolate between reactions leading to complete oxidation to CO/sub 2/ (S . 100%) and those yielding CO/sub 2/ plus serine (S . 25%). S may be calculated using two independent probes of the system. The physical probe, using an infrared gas analyzer, measured photorespiration and net photosynthesis, and hence their ratio PR/NPS . pn(phys). The metabolic probe employed tracer (3R)-D-(3-/sup 3/H1,3-/sup 14/C)glyceric acid to determine r, the fraction of /sup 3/H retained in the triose phosphates leaving the chloroplasts. It is deduced from the postulated model that S . pn(phys) . r/(1 - r). Experiments have been performed with illuminated tobacco leaf ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

2-Azido[#alpha#-"3"2P]adenosine diphosphate (2-azido[#alpha#-"3"2P]ADP) has been used to photolabel the ADP/ATP carrier in beef heart mitochondria. In reversible binding assays carried out in the dark, this photoprobe was found to inhibit ADP/ATP transport in beef heart mitochondria and to bind to two types of specific sites of the ADP/ATP carrier characterized by high-affinity binding (K/sub d/ = 20 #mu#M) and low-affinity binding (K/sub d/ = 400 #mu#M). In contrast, it was unable to bind to specific carrier sites in inverted submitochondrial particles. Upon photoirradiation of beef heart mitochondria in the presence of 2-azido[#alpha#-"3"2P]ADP, the ADP/ATP carrier was covalently labeled. After purification, the photolabeled carrier protein was cleaved chemically by acidolysis or cyanogen bromide and enzymatically with the Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease. In the ADP/ATP carrier protein, which is 297 amino acid residues in length, two discrete regions extending ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The Kyoto Protocol attempts through political negotiations to guide participating industrialized countries' greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from a positive growing trend, to reach a peak point (or turning point), and then be reduced to a negative growth. That means the relationship between decreasing GHG emissions and economic growth may be described by an inverted-U curve (or called a bell-shaped curve), which is consistent with the concept of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. This research observed that the economic development and GHG emissions in Economies in Transition (EITs) exhibit a hockey-stick curve trend (or called quasi-L-shape curve), that also generates a lot of 'hot air' which is significant to the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. In addition, through the analysis of single-country time series data and GDP data, this research demonstrated that statistical data for most of the Annex II countries do not ...

Science.gov (United States)

This project proposes to design and develop a new class of power converters (direct DC to AC) to drastically improve performance and optimize the cost, size, weight and volume of the DC to AC converter in SOFC systems. The proposed topologies employ a high frequency link; direct DC to AC conversion approach. The direct DC to AC conversion approach is more efficient and operates without an intermediate dc-link stage. The absence of the dc-link, results in the elimination of bulky, aluminum electrolytic capacitors, which in turn leads to a reduction in the cost, volume, size and weight of the power electronic converter. The feasibility of two direct DC to AC converter topologies and their suitability to meet SECA objectives will be investigated. Laboratory proto-type converters (3-5kW) will be designed and tested in Phase-1. A detailed design trade-off study along with the test results will be available in the form of a report for the evaluation of SECA Industrial partners. This project ...

Science.gov (United States)

We present an image of the rupture propagation of the 2004 M6.0 Parkfield earthquake using records from a dense network of local strong motion stations. We back-propagate high-frequency waveforms in 3D with a method, similar to reverse time migration, to obtain an estimate of the distribution of radiated high-frequency seismic energy in space and time. The image is forced to be coherent at the known hypocenter location and the quake origin time by applying small static time shifts obtained using waveform cross-correlation. We observe that the Parkfield earthquake radiated a distinct secondary high-frequency phase, which is located about 12.5~km northwest of the hypocenter with an onset of seismic radiation about 5~s after the rupture initiation. The time history of the back-projection suggests a rupture velocity of 2.5~km/s between hypocenter and subevent. The back-projection result is confirmed by inversion of picked arrival times of the secondary event clearly visible at some of the ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Since 2000, Escherichia coli producing CTX-M enzymes (especially CTX-M-15) have emerged worldwide as important causes of community-onset urinary tract and blood stream infections due...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A major outbreak of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae occurred in California beginning in late 1986. After a state public health emergency was declared in April 1987, a statewide, cooperative...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The genome sequence of the solvent-producing bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 has been determined by the shotgun approach. The genome consists of a 3.94-Mb chromosome and...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Among 149 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates collected from patients in southeast Austria from 1998 to 2004, 38 Escherichia coli...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The emergence of Escherichia coli that produce extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and are multidrug resistant (MDR) poses antibiotic management problems....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The attitudes and expectations of producers toward the use of a microcomputer-based herd management information system were assessed. The study was conducted over a two-year period, beginning in January...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A report is given of investigations into the possibility of utilizing red mud from the Bayer process for producing Ferrari cements. On repeated burning at 1450deg C suitable mixtures of red mud with silica and lime form a clinker with a low free lime content from which Ferrari cement can be produced. The average 28-day compressive strengths of cements produced from this clinker are so encouraging that further investigations are appropriate. (orig.).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short note. 1 ref.; 1 tab.

Science.gov (United States)

... by the Bureau. A canvas of supply sources produced only one other, the Flexo roller bearing swivel. Accordingly, only the ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... alpha reactions internal conversion iridium 187 iridium 188 iridium 189 isomeric

Science.gov (United States)

PMID:10585377

Science.gov (United States)

... Considering these observations, it is most likely that Brucela proteins involved in protective immunity will preferentially stimulate INF-g producing T ...

Science.gov (United States)

... two sectors. ' One company used as example of this process is the Lord Corporation, which produces products that reduce ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Promoted antimony phosphate oxide complexes are excellent catalysts for the ammoxidation of methanol to HCN especially at high methanol throughputs.

Wastenet

... In order to produce organic livestock feed, feed mills must be inspected and certified. If they produce both organic and non-organic feed, they must implement procedures, backed up by records, to prevent the commingling of organic and non-organic feed. This includes steps to clean storage bins and mixing and bagging equipment prior to producing batches of organic feed. Organic feed mills also must prevent ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In our previous work, we demonstrated that biomass-generated producer gas can be converted to ethanol and acetic acid using a microbial catalyst Clostridium carboxidivorans P7{sup T}. Results showed that the producer gas (1) induced cell dormancy, (2) inhibited H{sub 2} consumption, and (3) affected the acetic acid/ethanol product distribution. Results of this work showed that tars were the likely cause of cell dormancy and product redistribution and that the addition of a 0.025{mu}m filter in the gas cleanup negated the effects of tars. C. carboxidivorans P7{sup T} can adapt to the tars (i.e. grow) only after prolonged exposure. Nitric oxide, present in the producer gas at 150ppm, is an inhibitor of the hydrogenase enzyme involved in H{sub 2} consumption. We conclude that significant conditioning of the producer gas will be required for the successful coupling of biomass-generated ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

This report summarizes the project implementation and monitoring of all habitat activities that occurred over Fiscal Year 2002 (FY 02). Some of the objectives in the corresponding statement of work for this contract were not completed within FY 02. A description of the progress during FY 02 and reasoning for deviation from the original tasks and timeline are given. OBJECTIVE 1--Provide coordination of all activities, administrative oversight and assist in project implementation and monitoring activities. Administration oversight and coordination of the habitat statement of work, budget, subcontracts and personnel was provided. OBJECTIVE 2--Develop, coordinate, and implement the Hood River Fish Habitat Protection, Restoration, and Monitoring Plan. The Hood River Fish Habitat Protection, Restoration, and Monitoring Plan was completed in 2000 (Coccoli et al., 2000). This document is utilized for many purposes including: drafting the Watershed Action Plan, ranking projects for funding, and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Production treatment chemicals represent a diverse collection of chemical classes, added at various points from the wellhead to the final flotation cell, to prevent operational upsets and enhance the separation of oil from water. Information in the literature indicates that while many treatment chemicals are thought to partition into oil and not into the produced water, there are cases where a sufficiently water soluble treatment chemical is added at high enough concentrations to suggest that the treatment chemical may add to the aquatic toxicity of the produced water. A study was conducted to evaluate the potential effect of production treatment chemicals on the toxicity of produced waters using the US EPA Seven-day Mysidopsis bahia Survival, Growth and Fecundity Test. Samples of produced water were collected and tested for toxicity from three platforms under normal operating conditions, followed by ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Radon-222 has been measured in natural gas produced from experimental geopressured-geothermal test wells. Comparison with published data suggests that while radon activity of this unconventional natural gas resource is higher than conventional gas produced in the gulf coast, it is within the range found for conventional gas produced throughout the US. A method of predicting the likely radon activity of this unconventional gas is described on the basis of the data presented, methane solubility, and known or assumed reservoir conditions of temperature, fluid pressure, and formation water salinity.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wood-plastic combination (WPC) was produced by #gamma#-irradiation of persimmon impregnated with acrylonitrile and styrene. The hardness and strength of WPC obtained were higher than those of an unmodified wood. Thus, it was found that the WPC is suited for a head of golf club, because the Shore hardness value of WPC is 36% greater than that of unmodified wood. An impregnation method of monomers with some pigments could produce colored WPC without diminishing natural grain. Head of golf club could be manufactured from colored WPC in practice. (auhtor).

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The hot uniform aluminium plasma was produced by irradiating thin aluminium dotted foil smoothly with the 9th 0.53 ?m laser on Shenguang II laser facility. The emitted spectrum was measured from the front and tangential direction of the target with two crystal spectrometers, and the quantitative spectrum from the front of the target was obtained. The state of laser- produced plasma was simulated with the radiation hydrodynamics code MULTI-1D, and the emitted spectrum was calculated with the spectrum code of Collision-Radiation model under the simulated plasma state. The experimental spectrum accords with the simulated one. (authors)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In this study attempts have been made to utilize biomass residues in a proper and efficient way. As a part of these attempts activated charcoal has been produced from coconut shell. The effects of temperature, time and impregnation ratio on activation and yield have also been studied. Experimental results show that higher temperature produces better activation but lower yield. The optimum values for activation time and impregnation ratio in producing activated charcoal were 50 min and 40%, respectively, at 600{sup o}C. (Author)

Science.gov (United States)

The Asarco-Mission complex (image left) is an active producer of copper and molybdenum (important in making steel and other metal alloys), ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Nuclear transfer technology can be applied to produce autologous differentiated cells for therapeutic purposes, a concept termed therapeutic cloning. Countless articles have been published on the ethics...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

He commanded the 50th Space Wing, which is responsible for 60 satellites. ... to produce space systems and launchers capable of tailored military effects on ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Studies the quality of metallurgical coke produced from a mixture of USA (80%) and Soviet (20%) coking coals. Properties of coal were analyzed according to ICCP and ISO international standards, including mechanical and petrographic tests. Content of the coal mixture included 8.2% moisture, 7.6% ash, 0.98% sulfur, 27.7% volatiles. The swelling index was 6 and dilation index 15%. Properties of coke produced from this coal mixture in the Croatian Bakar coking plant are presented for lump sizes of 25-80 mm, 10-25 mm and 0-10 mm. The produced coke was of favorable quality, having a strength index of 4.70, an ASTM stability factor of 61, and an M40 strength of 73.3%. 9 refs.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Short communication. 2 figs.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Individual strains of the plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae vary in their ability to produce toxins, nucleate ice, and resist antimicrobial compounds. These phenotypes...Full Text Available

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

An overview is given the expected amount of natural gas that can be produced from small gas fields in the Netherlands in the next 20 years.

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Nuclear battery produces electricity by converting radiation energy into electrical energy. Energy carried by particles emitted by a radioisotope nuclei is much higher than that released in chemical reaction. Reaction with nuclei can potentially produce electricity thousand to million times higher than that of chemical reaction. Unlike NPP that produces large scale alternating current using thermodynamic cycle such as Rankine or Brayton cycles, nuclear battery is designed like other battery or fuel cell, to produce direct current (DC). However, both battery utilize the energy or particles radiating from nuclei of a radioisotope. In this paper, several types of nuclear battery as an energy converter are discussed, including their working mechanisms and examples. Nuclear battery is potential to become a long-life power source for use in wide range of applications, including in medical areas and for ...

International Science & Technology Center (ISTC)

Development of Technology for Producing High-Effective Nitride Fuel UN with Controlled Microstructure for Advanced Fast Neutron Nuclear Reactors

Science.gov (United States)

Sep 21, 2006 ... NASA has selected Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, Pa., to design, furnish and install a plant to produce liquid nitrogen for ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

In January of 1977 the Paraho Development Company under contract with the United States Navy began a semi-works project to produce and refine up to 100,000 barrels of crude shale oil. Although the primary objective of the project was to produce specification turbine and diesel transportation fuels for field testing by the military field testing, the full-scale refinery run also produced a substantial quantity of hydrotreated shale oil residue. In 1978 the Electric Power Research Institute, recognizing the utilization potential of this material as a fuel for utility combustion turbines, obtained 4300 barrels of the residual shale oil product for future field testing. This report describes the processes involved in producing, handling, and storing the residual shale oil test material. The report also includes detailed chemical and physical analyses of the test material. In addition, guidelines which can ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Russian 1986. p. 329. USSR Smirnov, AV Antropov, AE Zarubin, PP

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Although the cause and development of most inflammatory and fibrotic interstitial lung diseases are unknown, both the antigenic stimuli and the immunopathogenic mechanisms that produce the syndrome...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... commercial material manufactured utilizing chlorinated hydrocarbons for the sulfonation of a long chain polystyrene to produce high ... ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Legionella causes severe pneumonia in humans. The pathogen produces an array of effectors, which interfere with host cell functions. Among them are the glucosyltransferases Lgt1, Lgt2...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... Accession Number : ADD130998. Title : Development of Grade API X80 Pipeline Steel Plates Produced by Controlled Rolling,. Corporate Author : ...

Science.gov (United States)

... education. It has fostered development of materials and techniques with the success of all, rather ... with Foundation staff to produce exemplary materials and models to help the nation attain its ...

Science.gov (United States)

The Lopez 1:24,000-scale detailed reconnaissance surficial geology map (map of unconsolidated materials overlying consolidated bedrock) was produced in ... ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Cryoanalgesia, the local application of extreme cold to nerves to produce analgesia, has been used to treat patients with intractable perineal pain. The cryoprobe was inserted percutaneously through...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Copper deficiency is associated with impaired brain development and mitochondrial dysfunction. Perinatal copper deficiency was produced in Holtzman rats. In vivo proton NMR...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) agonistic screams are graded vocal signals that are produced in a context-specific manner. Screams given by aggressors and victims can be discriminated...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

... acquisition process has produced weapons that are ... F/A-22 Raptor, Space-Based Infrared System ... occur because DOD's weapon programs do ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

... organic compounds other organic compounds separation processes

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Two experiments are reported on the influence of cognitive aging on grammatical choice in language production. In both experiments, participants from two age-groups (young and old) produced...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Among 235 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL) isolates collected from a nationwide surveillance performed in Taiwan, 102 (43.4%) were...Full Text Available

Science.gov (United States)

This article includes a section on the coke and by-products plant. A 60-oven battery of 6-metre Kaiser-Dialer ovens produces 1800 tons of blast furnace coke a day. A coal blend mixture of 88% high volatile and 12% low volatile is used.

Science.gov (United States)

... Producers and their Impacts on Women in Central Java, IndonesiaActions basées sur des scénarios visant à élever ... impact sur les femmes dans le centre de Java, en IndonésieInvestigación-acción basada en...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

The cathodic vacuum arc provides a means of producing large currents of positive ions of a wide variety of materials. These ions can be utilized to produce coatings with improved properties such as higher density and adhesion. The processing is particularly useful in reactive deposition of ceramic coatings having excellent stoichiometry. In this review, emerging aspects of the technology are emphasized.

CERN Document Server

This comprehensive guide offers several tried and true steps to help you successfully manage the complex process of developing free software. Topics include project management, developer motivation, technical infrastructure to support collaboration, and project promotion. Producing Open Source Software is ideal for developers starting their own free software projects, or people who simply want to participate in the process.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

We report the performance of a commercial recuperated micro gas turbine on biomass producer gas and mixtures of biomass producer gas with natural gas. The biomass producer gas, obtained by gasification at 850{sup o}C with air at atmospheric pressure, contains about 7% H2, 17% CO, 15% CO2, 4% CH4, 2% other hydrocarbons, 2% H2O, and a balance of N2 and Ar from air. It has a net heating value of about 6 MJ/(Nm{sup 3}). The micro gas turbine delivers full power (30 kW{sub e}) on gas mixtures with a net heating value of at least 15 MJ/(Nm{sup 3}). For gas of lower heating value, the maximum fuel gas flow allowed by the fuel control unit limits the attainable power. At reduced power, the lower limit for stable operation is a net heating value of about 8 MJ/(Nm{sup 3}). The gross efficiency of the micro gas turbine depends on the output power but not on the gas heating value, within our estimated measurement accuracy of about 2%. ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Using commercial AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets, we produced a foamable preform sheet containing titanium hydride (TiH{sub 2}) powder through diffusion-bonding and hot-rolling of four cycles. Heating the preform sheets in Ar atmosphere, we obtained closed-cell magnesium alloy foams with various porosities. The foamed specimen at 883 K showed the maximum porosities of 77%. (orig.)

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Prostaglandin (PG) D2 has been shown to be transformed by human 11-ketoreductase to 9 alpha,11 beta-PGF2, a biologically active metabolite that is produced in vivo. During the course of developing a...Full Text Available

Wastenet

... Operational aspects of fiscal policy making in oil-producing countries , in J. Davis, R. Ossowski and A. Fedelino (...), Fiscal Policy Formulation and Implementation in Oil-Producing Countries , International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C. Barro, R. (...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Foreign travel has been suggested to be a risk factor for the acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. To our knowledge, this has not previously...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The continuous bioprocessing of simulated steam-stripped sulfite pulp mill evaporator condensates using Candida utilis to produce single cell protein has been studied. At 32 degrees C, processing can be conducted at space velocities of up to 0.43 hr/sup -1/ with over 90% removal of acetic acid present at an initial concentration of 2 g/liter. (Refs. 16).

Science.gov (United States)

The dissimilatory metal reducing bacterium Shewanella sp. strain HN-41 was first reported to produce novel photoactive As-S nanotubes via reduction of As(V) and S(2)O(3)(2-) under anaerobic conditions. Here we report the draft genome sequence and annotation of strain HN-41. PMID:21868804

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are a diverse group of food-borne pathogens with various levels of virulence for humans. In this study, we describe the use...Full Text Available

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Spark ignition internal combustion engines perform satisfactorily when the fueled with biomass producer gas from a fluidized bed gasifier. Although power output is reduced compared to natural gas levels, full power recovery can be achieved with a relatively low level of supercharging. Important considerations are an adequate fuel delivery system and adquate gas cleaning. ref.

Science.gov (United States)

DNA isolation procedures significantly influence the outcome of PCR-based detection of human pathogens. Unlike clinical samples, DNA isolation from food samples such as fresh and fresh-cut produce has remained a formidable task and has hampered the sensitivity and accuracy of molecular methods. We...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Pd/sub 2/Si layers produced by evaporation or sputtering onto silicon substrates were examined by high resolution electron microscopy, microdiffraction, X-ray, energy loss and Auger spectroscopy. The Si-Pd/sub 2/Si interfaces produced by evaporation were in all cases rougher and more polycrystalline than those produced by sputtering. X-ray microanalysis showed the predictable variation in palladium distribution across the interface but quantification did not produce the expected palladium-to-silicon ratios, primarily because of probe broadening and X-ray-induced fluorescence. Energy loss spectra showed plasmon energy shifts and changes in Si L edge shape due to bond formation with palladium. Auger data provided evidence for a small amount of oxygen at the Si-Pd/sub 2/Si interface. Electrical measurements of the ideality factor for Schottky barriers made from the materials produced ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Many countries which do not produce oil are rich with other sources of energy that are not fully utilised, such as tar sand, oil shale and olive cake. Limited previous work was done on producing carbonaceous matter and separating volatile matter from combinations of tar sand, oil shale and olive cake. In this study, a process is designed and tested to produce carbonaceous matter from combinations of three materials mentioned above. Results indicate that the process is successful in producing carbonaceous matter. The minimum temperatures to achieve complete carbonisation was found to be 500degC for a minimum heating time of 1.5h. Carbonised materials were tested for their calorific values, which indicated a successful carbonisation process. The proposed process can be scaled up and automated, and is expected to be economically feasible. Moreover, the process allows for control of unwanted exiting ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

The principal objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility and economic success of producing oil from abandoned or nearly abandoned fields in the Dundee Formation of Central Michigan using horizontal drilling technology. A site for a horizontal well was selected in Crystal Field, a nearly-abandoned Dundee oil field in Michigan. This field had produced over 8 million barrels of oil, mostly in the 1930`s and 1940`s. At the height of development, Crystal Field produced from 193 wells, but by 1995, only seven producing wells remained, each producing less than 10 bbls/day. A horizontal well was drilled as a field demonstration pilot, funded through this DOE project, and was immensely successful. Core and logs from the Dundee interval were recovered from a vertical borehole at the same surface location. The horizontal well was brought on production at a rate of 100 bbls/day ...

DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

Cassava chips (cassava balls, and cassava pellets) are derived cassava products traditionally produced by farmers in sub-Saharan Africa following fermentation, and drying of fresh roots of cassava, and are widely consumed in Cameroon. Once produced, this food commodity can be stored for more than two months and contaminated by a wide array of harmful microbes. In order to assess persistence of toxigenic fungi in cassava chips, aflatoxin-producing fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nomius, and Aspergillus parasiticus) and aflatoxins were contrasted at regular intervals in home-stored cassava chips collected in two locations of southern Cameroon throughout a two-month monitoring period. Three hundred and forty-six isolates of aflatoxin-producing fungi were found to be associated with all samples. A. flavus contaminated more samples in both types of chips (267 isolates in 53 samples), followed by A. ...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

Bioethanol (fuel alcohol) has been produced by industrial alcoholic fermentation processes in Brazil since the beginning of the twentieth century. Currently, 432 mills and distilleries crush about 625 million tons of sugarcane per crop, producing about 27 billion liters of ethanol and 38.7 million tons of sugar. The production of bioethanol from sugarcane represents a major large-scale technology capable of producing biofuel efficiently and economically, providing viable substitutes to gasoline. The combination of immobilization of CO2 by sugarcane crops by photosynthesis into biomass together with alcoholic fermentation of this biomass has allowed production of a clean and high-quality liquid fuel that contains 93% of the original energy found in sugar. Over the last 30?years, several inn...

British Library Electronic Table of Contents (United Kingdom)

This paper investigates various usages of natural gas (NG) as an energy source for different hydrogen production technologies. A comparison is made between the different methods of hydrogen production, based on the total amount of natural gas needed to produce a specific quantity of hydrogen, carbon dioxide emissions per mole of hydrogen produced, water requirements per mole of hydrogen produced, and a cost sensitivity analysis that takes into account the fuel cost, carbon dioxide capture cost and a carbon tax. The methods examined are the copper-chlorine (Cu-Cl) thermochemical cycle, steam methane reforming (SMR) and a modified sulfur-iodine (S-I) thermochemical cycle. Also, an integrated Cu-Cl/SMR plant is examined to show the unique advantages of modifying existing SMR plants with new h...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Brookhaven National Laboratory is involved in a conceptual design study of a commercial nuclear power system which utilizes high-temperature electrolysis to produce synthetic fuels. The system is called HYFIRE. It includes a tokamak fusion power reactor supplying electrical and thermal energy to an array of electrolytes. The electrolytes produce hydrogen which can be used either directly as a fuel or in the production of hydrocarbons. The purpose of the study is to provide a mechanism for DOE to further assess the commercial potential of fusion using a tokamak reactor to produce synthetic fuel. The HYFIRE design is based on the tokamak commercial power reactor, STARFIRE. STARFIRE uses the deuterium/tritium/lithium fuel cycle. The HYFIRE study assumes the plasma shape and characteristics of STARFIRE study but uses a different blanket design. This study is particularly interested in the possibility of using the STARFIRE ...

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

A focused ion beam (FIB) system produces a final beam spot size down to 0.1 {mu}m or less and an ion beam output current on the order of microamps. The FIB system increases ion source brightness by properly configuring the first (plasma) and second (extraction) electrodes. The first electrode is configured to have a high aperture diameter to electrode thickness aspect ratio. Additional accelerator and focusing electrodes are used to produce the final beam. As few as five electrodes can be used, providing a very compact FIB system with a length down to only 20 mm. Multibeamlet arrangements with a single ion source can be produced to increase throughput. The FIB system can be used for nanolithography and doping applications for fabrication of semiconductor devices with minimum feature sizes of 0.1 m or less. 13 figs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Conversion of biomass into producer gas by thermal gasification broadens the scope of biomass applications. Usually, tar has to be removed from the producer gas. Tar recycling within the gasification process may solve the associated waste problem and increase the system efficiency, provided tar is broken down under gasification conditions. We present results of tar recycling experiments at a Circulating Fluidised Bed gasifier. At 830{sup o}C, from each of 15 main tar compounds 70-80% are broken down. Continuous recycling of tar would increase the tar content in raw producer gas by 50% at most and save about 3% fuel input. 10 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

An apparatus capable of producing current or voltage controlled positive and negative ion beams in 1-atm oxidizing and nonoxidizing ambients between 25/sup 0/ and 950 /sup 0/C is presented. The apparatus utilizes a point-to-plane corona discharge in the gas phase. Room-temperature experiments revealed that the small differences in ion beam shape between the two polarities is primarily due to the difference in applied voltage required to produce the same current for the two polarities. Due to increased ion mobility and decreased threshold voltage at higher temperatures, a slight broadening of the ion beam current-density profiles for both positive and negative ions is predicted.

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Incoming solar energy had to be assimilated to sustain it. .... Roll stability was achieved with an Earth sensor mounted on the directional antenna. .... Once more a rocket becomes the means of producing a vector change in velocity. ...

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Coupled rat heart mitochondria produce externally hydrogen peroxide at the rates which correspond to about 0.8 and 0.3 per cent of the total oxygen consumption at State 4 with succinate and...Full Text Available

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fuel are produced from a barrel of crude oil by U.S. refiners. Other products such as jet fuel and heating oil make up the remaining one third. Graphic of a barrel of oil...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

This paper describes a long term course of research into the fundamentals of two phase flow regime dynamics that had lead to a differential description of regime properties. The development has included experiment, microscale simulation, and mathematical averaging to produce a dynamic equation for interfacial area.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A detailed map of the transcriptional organization of the CELO virus genome was produced. Recent computer analysis of CELO virus has indicated the presence of 38 putative open reading frames (ORFs)....Full Text Available

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The State of the Espirito Santo will become until the end of 2008, one of the main producers and natural gas exporters of Brazil, where, according to PETROBRAS, the State will produce about 20 million /day m{sup 3}, what it will go to contribute significantly for reduction of the dependence of the Bolivian gas, and still to give support to the natural gas sector in Brazil. The Intention of this work, is to identify proposals so that it has left of the gas produced in the State of the Espirito Santo, has a differentiated price. It does not make sensible the State to pay for the gas that is removed in its proper territory the same price that paid Sao Paulo for the gas that consumes imported of national Bolivia. With the markdown of the gas the State will be able to attract investments of great transport, to generate job and income and to advance in the question of the regional development that is of great importance for the ...

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BackgroundThe pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity, a characteristic pathophysiological feature of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), remains elusive. Recent studies suggest a...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Poplar (Populus tremula × alba) lignins with exceedingly high syringyl monomer levels are produced by overexpression of the ferulate 5-hydroxylase (F5H) gene...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

When attempting to feed on their hosts, ticks face the problem of host hemostasis (the vertebrate mechanisms that prevent blood loss), inflammation (that can produce itching or pain and thus...Full Text Available

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Abstract The Read Thesaurus (Version 3 of the Read Codes) is a controlled medical vocabulary produced during the Clinical Terms Projects with the involvement of over 2,000 health care...Full Text Available

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... poly-chaete densities and diversity values, probably the oyster aquaculture in BF although not intensive has produced a ... faster (Díaz-Castañeda & Rodriguez-Villanueva 1998). However if oyster aquacultu...

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The likelihood that past experience will produce correct guides to current practice depends on the signal-to-noise ratio for the clinical problem of interest. If the signal-to-noise ratio is high, the...Full Text Available

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Russian 1986. p. 339. USSR Smirnov, AV Antropov, AE Osorio, VF Zarubin,

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The Bureau of Mines and ASARCO Inc. entered a cooperative agreement to determine the feasibility of producing copper matte in an electric furnace from blends of copper concentrate similar to those currently smelted in a gas-fired reverberatory system at A...

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Purified Shiga toxin (Stx) alone is capable of producing systemic complications, including hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), in animal models of disease. Stx includes two major antigenic forms (Stx1...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A major goal in perceptual neuroscience is to understand how signals from different sensory modalities are combined to produce stable and coherent representations. We previously investigated interactions...Full Text Available

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... biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produced by high-voltage transmission lines have come under intense scrutiny, mostly with respect ... biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs...

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A barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mutant (Az34) has been identified with low basal levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and with reduced capacity for producing ABA in response to water stress....Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Two cases of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, including one death, occurred in workers at a facility producing indium-tin oxide (ITO), a compound used in recent years to make flat panel displays. Both...Full Text Available

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Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and B-cell growth factors I and II (BCGF I and BCGF II) are lymphokines produced by T cells that play a major role in T- and B-cell cooperation. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from...Full Text Available

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Indomethacin, a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been used in the treatment of various kinds of pains, inflammation and arthritis. However, oral administration of indomethacin produces...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundDifferent microarray studies have compiled gene lists for predicting outcomes of a range of treatments and diseases. These have produced gene lists that have little overlap,...Full Text Available

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A porous tooling system was selected for the processing of Graphite/PMR-15 Polyimide laminates in thickness up to 3.2 mm. (0.125 inch). This tool system must have a reasonable strength, permeability dimensional stability, and thermal conductivity to accomplish curing at 600 F and 200 psi and 200 psi autoclave temperature and pressure. A permeability measuring apparatus was constructed and permeability vs. casting water level determined to produce tools at three different permeability levels. On these tools, laminates of 5, 11, and 22 plies (.027, .060, and 0.121 inch) were produced and evaluated by ultrasonic, mechanical, and thermal tests to determine the effect of the tool permeability on the cured laminates. All tools produced acceptable laminates at 5 and 11 plies but only the highest permeability produced acceptable clear ultrasonic C-Scans. Recommendations are made for future investigations of ...

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Platinized cadmium sulfide powder suspended in a solution of sodium sulfite produces hydrogen efficiently by visible light. Sulfite ions are oxidized to sulfate and dithionate ions. 4 figures.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Current military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have produced a significant number of complex injury patterns. Multiple extremity trauma and wide zones of injury mandate a flexible approach to these...Full Text Available

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sidered as produced in one period of time for learning curve purposes. A ...... 61 FORMAT (6X,13,3XTARGET DATE 1,13,1X,A6,' NO LATER THAN',F4.0, ...

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Processes and apparatus are disclosed for generation of radioisotope contaminant fission fragment free ozone from oxygen containing streams by chemonuclear irradiation accomplished by passing the stream past high energy radiation sources placed in sealed chambers.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Nineteen of 69 patients undergoing coronary angioplasty required immediate coronary surgery after the procedure. Six of these operations were planned as a result of angioplasty that failed without producing...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Since the beam width on the helical tomotherapy machine produced by TomoTherapy, Inc. is typically a few centimeters in the longitudinal direction (into the bore), the optimizer must choose...Full Text Available

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The conversion of coal to oil can be carried out in two ways. A synthesis route and a degradation route. Each of these routes are described and several degradation processes are explored. The testing of several fuels produced from coal is also given considerations.

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This study was conducted to determine by gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) the identity and the quantity of volatile N products produced during the helium-purged in vivo...Full Text Available

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The U.S. government technical report is a primary means by which the results of federally funded

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... Buckeye rapidly produces high resolution imagery over a commander's area of interest contributing to intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, and also creates detailed mapping of the battlespace. BIG uses an innovative, original and creative combination of Web programming languages, Geographic Information Systems, and ...

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

We show that the morphology and the luminescence properties of ZnO layers produced by magnetron sputtering can be controlled by technological parameters of sputtering, particularly by the ratio of argon to oxygen gases in the gas flow during the growth process. Smooth and flat layers were produced with a high Ar/O ratio, while porous layers with various morphologies were obtained with a low Ar/O ratio. The layers produced with O/Ar ration equal to 10 exhibit extremely high near-bandgap luminescence intensity even higher in comparison with bulk ZnO single crystals. The free carrier density estimated from the analysis of photoluminescence spectra is also very high in these samples suggesting that these technological conditions promote both optical and electrical activation of the doping Al impurity. The samples grown with high Ar/O ratios exhibit strong visible emission which is controlled by the technological conditions.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) produces an oleoresin characterized by a diverse array of terpenoids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, and diterpene resin acids that can protect...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) are a class of microbially produced polyesters that have potential applications as conventional plastics, specifically thermoplastic elastomers. A wealth of biological...Full Text Available

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The OH-initiated photo-oxidation of n-butane was used as a source of 1- and 2-butoxy radicals. Reactions producing ketones and other organic compounds are explained. Rates of photolysis were determined and are discussed.

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The performance of the PSI/ETH focused ion beam (FIB) system has been improved to produce ion beams of very low energies down to 40 eV with a reasonable spot size of 1 {mu}m at 200 eV. (author) 2 figs., 1 ref.

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Laser-assisted processing techniques for producing high-quality solar cell metallization patterns are being investigated, developed, and characterized. The tasks comprising these investigations are outlined.

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provides global ocean-surface wind fields with more structures than numerical weather prediction (Geophys. Res. Lett., Vol 25, No. 6, 761-764). The NSCAT data sets was produced...

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The physicochemical nature of a silicoaluminophosphate with the faujasite structure has been studied. The molecular sieve framework contains a homogeneous distribution of silicon, aluminum, and phosphorus and is negatively charged. Combustion in air of the charge-compensating organic cations produces hydroxyl groups which exhibit Broensted acidity.

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BackgroundThe maternally inherited, bacterial symbiont, parthenogenesis inducing (PI) Wolbachia, causes females in some haplodiploid insects to produce daughters...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

In regions of high bone loading, the mechanoresponsive osteocytes inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption by producing signaling molecules. One possible candidate is matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

The effects of an electric current on ethylene biosynthesis were investigated in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit that were producing almost no ethylene. Direct currents at 0.5...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Intravascular coagulation, thrombosis, and fibrin deposition often produce tissue damage in allogeneic inflammatory reactions such as allograft rejection. The mechanisms which initiate blood clotting...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A collaborative research effort by scientists in several states and in Canada has produced information to develop a formal risk assessment of the impact of Bt corn on monarch butterfly...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis, which is used worldwide to control Aedes aegypti larvae, produces Cry11Aa and other toxins during...Full Text Available

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... (restricted)] 24-53 Cyclicality of Fiscal Policy in Oil-Producing Countries by E. Gurvich & E. Vakulenko & P. Krivenko [Downloadable! (restricted)] 54-75 Russian Energy Efficiency Potential by I. Bashmakov [Downloadable! (restricted)] 76-94 Outlook and ...

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The activities of Shell Hydrogen in the development of a hydrogen economy are outlined. Attention is paid to the use of hydrogen in electric cars and in homes, different types of fuel cells, and the catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) process of Shell to produce hydrogen.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Hereditary hypouricemia may result from mutations in the renal tubular uric acid transporter URAT1. Whether mutation of other uric acid transporters produces a similar phenotype is unknown. We studied...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Harmful algal blooms, caused by rapid growth and accumulation of certain microalgae in the ocean, pose considerable impacts on marine environments, aquatic industries and even public health. Here, we...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Two heterologous expression systems using thioredoxin (trxA) as a gene fusion part in Escherichia coli were developed to produce recombinant pediocin PA-1. Pediocin...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) has been widely used as a stress-related phenotypic marker of developmental instability. However, previous studies relating FA to various stressful conditions have produced...Full Text Available

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The Sunoco Felda oil trend of the South Florida basin has been a prolific oil producer. All the oil is produced from the Cretaceous Sunniland formation, a leached limestone bioherm. Although the producing section has been considered reefal in the literature, petrographic and biostratigraphic analyses of various cores in producing fields have determined that these deposits are composed of particles of fragmented rudist and other fauna deposited in a tidal shoal. Atop this debris an algae and gastropod section has been deposited, typical of a mound deposited on a tidal mud flat. This model is exemplified in the Sunoco Felda and West Sunoco fields and was used in exploring the Sunoco Felda trend. From the petrological analysis of these two fields and from knowledge of other wells in the basin, biostratigraphic and lithologic trends can be determined and extended offshore into the eastern Gulf of Mexico. ...

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The nephrotoxicity of cefoxitin was studied in a rat model of impaired renal function. Two levels of renal impairment were produced: "moderate," with blood urea concentrations of 100 to 150 mg/100 ml...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Plutonium possesses the most complicated phase diagram in the periodic table, driven by the complexities of overlapping 5f electron orbitals. Despite the importance of the 5f...Full Text Available

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This article offers a first-person account of a trip in Ford`s Ecostar electric minivan from Los Angeles to Sacramento. Included is an explanation of how electric vehicles work, why they are expensive to produce, which companies are pushing this new technology, battery technology, and marketing of electric vehicles.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

A Citrobacter amalonaticus and a Morganella morganii producing the CTX-M-1 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) were isolated from an area where this enzyme...Full Text Available

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

Depending on the location, dermatoses can produce blemishes that severely impair quality of life and require highly effective treatment that is otherwise used for extensive skin involvement. We report...Full Text Available

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Cited are the results of physico-chemical studies and industrial tests of a copolymer of methacrylic acid and diethylammonium salt, used for limiting the influx of stratum waters into a well.

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ammonium sulfate is produced from spent sulfuric acid from the production of alcohols. Certain mineral and organic impurities exist in the sulfuric acid that impair the quality of the ammonium sulfate. A detailed method for the chemical analysis for the impurities is presented.

UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom)

BackgroundOncidium spp. produce commercially important orchid cut flowers. However, they are amenable to intergeneric and inter-specific crossing making phylogenetic...Full Text Available