Listvenite logging on D/V CHIKYU: Hole BT1B, Oman Drilling Project

Science.gov (United States)

Kelemen, P. B.; Beinlich, A.; Morishita, T.; Greenberger, R. N.; Johnson, K. T. M.; Lafay, R.; Michibayashi, K.; Harris, M.; Phase I Science Party, T. O. D. P.

2017-12-01

Listvenite, quartz-carbonate altered ultramafic rock containing minor fuchsite (Cr-muscovite) forms by complete carbonation of peridotite and is thus an attractive objective for carbon mitigation studies. However, reaction controls and evolution of listvenite are still enigmatic. Here we present the first results of Phase 1 of the ICDP (International Continental Drilling Program) Oman Drilling Project and subsequent core logging using the analytical facilities on board the research vessel D/V CHIKYU. Hole BT1B contains 300 m of continuous drill core intersecting alluvium, listvenite-altered serpentinite, serpentinite, ophicarbonate and the underlying metamorphic sole of the Semail ophiolite, Oman. The drill core has been systematically investigated by visual core description, thin section petrography, X-ray fluorescence core logging, X-ray diffractometry, visible-shortwave infrared imaging spectroscopy and X-ray Computer Tomography. Our observations show that listvenite is highly variable in texture and color on the mm to m scale. Listvenite was visually categorized into 5 principal color groups: the dominant dark red (47 %), light red (19 %), orange (14 %), pale (2 %) and green (16 %). The presence of hematite/goethite results in dark reddish, red and orange hues. Light grey or pale colored listvenite lacks hematite and/or goethite veins and may represent the `true' listvenite. Green listvenite is characterized by the presence of cm-sized quartz-fuchsite intergrowths. Five zones of serpentinite, which vary in thickness between several tens of cm and 4 m, are intercalated within the massive listvenite of Hole BT1B. Gradational listvenite-serpentinite transition zones contain the ophicarbonate assemblage (magnesite + serpentine) and sometimes additional talc, representing intermediate carbonation reaction progress. Preservation of the former mesh texture and bastite after orthopyroxene in the listvenite suggest that the listvenite precursor had already been

Gas removal technique to maintain global environment. Chikyu kankyo hozen no tame no bojo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yamada, K [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1992-10-12

This paper describes the removal technique of gases such as CO2, SO2 and NOx which have the deep relation to the maintenance of global environment. This paper describes partially r SO2 and NOx which are the primary cause of acid rain. As for the removal of CO2 generated from fixed sources (thermal power stations and others), the separation technique and isolation-fixation technique have been researched on and developed. Of the separation method, the effect of the chemical absorption method and the adsorption method is proved with the preceding experiments. The isolation method is differently researched on as to store under deep sea or ground but may be urgent and temporary. The fixation of CO2 is a serious global problem which relates to the afforestation and forests. The fixation which uses coral reefs in ocean as the absorption source has a potential. As for the processing of substances causing acid rain, the desulfurization from petroleum and the flue gas desulfurization have the excellent results. The improvement of combustion method or the flue gas denitrification at the fixed sources are used to remove NOx. The removal of NOx from all diesel cars is difficult compared with the exhaust gas cleaning of gasoline cars and is not commercialized. 11 refs., 1 fig., 2 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 project for promoting international cooperation for global environment. International information network project for global environment (Survey on information network for environmental technology transfer); 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo kokusai kyoryoku jigyo hokokusho. Chikyu kankyo kokusai joho network jigyo (kankyo gijutsu iten joho network chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Environmental technology information database has been shown on Internet for the purpose of transferring environmental technologies; in order to reinforce it this year, a viewpoint was directed to developing countries, with research carried out on the environmental preservation information of the Philippines and Thailand. In the research, in view of promoting cleaner production in developing countries, UNEP regional offices, which are active in the operation, and Asian Development Bank were examined, with their methods, plans and strategies of disseminating the cleaner production surveyed. Also, the database was added with the activities by the organizations concerned in Philippines and Thailand. As for the environmental management system ISO14001, some local governments in Philippines and Thailand will presumably acquire ISO14001 in the future to deal with their environmental management; under the circumstances, Miyama Town was chosen that was first in Mie Prefecture to obtain ISO14001, with the details investigated concerning its environmental policy and the acquisition of ISO14001; and, on the basis of the investigation, a database was prepared so that guidelines for environmental management were provided for the local governments. (NEDO)

Survey report of FY 1997 on the global environmental industry technology development promotion project. International research exchange project; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo (kokusai kenkyu koryu jigyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Exchange of personnel among foreign research organizations is significant for promoting research and development to create new research fields and to build new technological systems for the purpose of solving global environmental problems. For this purpose, researchers were sent/invited to/from international conferences and international symposiums related to global environmental technology and exchange of personnel with major foreign research organizations and universities was conducted under the cooperation of RITE and RITE-related researchers and related academic societies. Based on short-term invitation and sending of researchers as well as the feasibility study of researcher exchange, researchers were sent/invited on long- and mid-terms. As a result, exchange of personnel engaged in the latest research in Japan and overseas could be promoted. It was found that various researches are being conducted abroad in basic areas of global environmental technology. Since they are closely related to the research and development of industrial technology contributing to global environmental preservation promoted by RITE, it is important to establish a more efficient exchange system of researchers in the future. 91 refs., 38 figs., 14 tabs.

Global environmental problems in the electric industry. Denki jigyo ni okeru chikyu kankyo mondai ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sugi, T [Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc. (Japan)

1992-09-30

Since the electric industry has grappled with a prevention of the environmental pollution such as the air pollution and water contamination as a forerunner in case of construction and operation of the power facilities, and at the same time has conducted actively the environmental conservation countermeasures, it has consequently achieved the environmental conservation level as a top level in the world. On the other hand, as for the emission quantity of CO2 relating to the earth warming, the power field occupies about one fourth of total Japan. Therefore the electric industry should aim at the electric energy supply considering the influence on the environment, such as the power supply structure to restrain CO2 emission as less as possible, higher efficiency of equipments, higher efficiency of energy utilization by using the unused energy and so forth. In addition to it, the consumer side should aim at the social structure with a recycle type such as saving resources and saving energy, and aim at changeover of life style. It is hoped to conduct the overall measure including the items mentioned above. In this report, the recent trend of earth enviromental problems, grappling with the environmental problems as a forerunner such as the prevention measure of air pollution in the thermal power plant, etc., and the correspondence to the earth warming problems are outlined. 11 refs., 9 figs., 3 tabs.

Leading research for fiscal 1998 on innovative technology for the earth. Researches on technologies for creating ecology using ecosystem's information transmitting function; 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu. Seiteikei joho kino oyo ni yoru kankyo sozo gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The aim is to develop a technology for detecting environmental pollution before it becomes apparent and thereby to contribute to the development of technologies to minimize the damage that may be inflicted upon the global environment. For this purpose, researches are conducted in search of techniques to detect, at high speed with high sensitivity over a wide scope, the response of living organisms to chemicals. In a research on the application of the reaction of ecosystem to environmental stress, communication between living organisms in coping with environmental chemicals is investigated. It is then found that the growth of vegetable roots may be used as a measure for the detection of environmental pollutants but that the method is too low in sensitivity. A research is conducted on the creation of an ecological reporter function using the biological amplification technique. It is then found that the immunoreaction-aided measuring of environmental pollutants yields an excellent result in terms of sensitivity but that it has a problem in its resistance to environmental conditions. In a research on the standardization of environmental measurements using ecological information, it is found that the primary object of research and development should be a systematization technology compatible with biological functions. (NEDO)

FY 1999 survey report on the global environment international cooperation promotion project/global environment international information network project. Survey of the environmental technology transfer information network; 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo kokusai kyoryoku suishin jigyo / chikyu kankyo kokusai joho network jigyo. Kankyo gijutsu inten joho network chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

At International Center for Environmental Technology Transfer, the following were conducted for enrichment of the environmental technology information: surveys of the state of activities in international organizations and developed countries, cleaner production (CP), ISO, etc. and construction of database. As to the reinforcement of environmental preservation technology information database, enrichment of the data on environmental preservation was attempted mainly about ways of thinking of environmental preservation which brought fruitful results to international organizations overseas. The hierarchization/supplementation were conducted of CP databases which attract much attention especially among developing countries. In the survey of models for environmental preservation, autonomous bodies in Mie prefecture and the certified consultant were taken up to study the process up to the acquisition of ISO14001. The database was so made that it can be a guide for the environmental management in autonomous bodies in developing countries. In the CP survey, as to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), definition/thought were examined in terms of CP, eco-efficiency, pollution prevention, green productivity, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 R and D project on global environmental industrial technology. R and D result report on environment- friendly production technology (advanced chemical synthesis reactor); 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Kankyo chowagata seisan gijutsu (kokino kagaku gosei bio reactor) kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For high-efficiency production of substances by bioreactor, study was made on a bio-control mechanism as its elementary technology. On the study of breeding technology by expression control, the structure design of a control region and development of new expression vectors had been finished, and study was made on breeding of high-efficiency recombinant production cells by using candidate expression vectors. On the study of breeding technology by multi-stage enzyme reaction control, the enzyme gene of a system synthesizing cysteine from glycerol was searched, and hydroxypyruvaldehyde hydrogenase gene was isolated as substance production model. Cysteine production Escherichia coli combined with serineacetyl transferase gene was also prepared. In addition, study started on cloning of hydroxyacetone oxidase gene. On development of reactor system technology, for conversion of serine to cysteine, study was made on optimization of a reaction condition by theory of enzyme reaction rate. (NEDO)

Leading research for fiscal 1998 on innovative technology for the earth. Researches on technologies for creating ecology using ecosystem's information transmitting function; 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu. Seiteikei joho kino oyo ni yoru kankyo sozo gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The aim is to develop a technology for detecting environmental pollution before it becomes apparent and thereby to contribute to the development of technologies to minimize the damage that may be inflicted upon the global environment. For this purpose, researches are conducted in search of techniques to detect, at high speed with high sensitivity over a wide scope, the response of living organisms to chemicals. In a research on the application of the reaction of ecosystem to environmental stress, communication between living organisms in coping with environmental chemicals is investigated. It is then found that the growth of vegetable roots may be used as a measure for the detection of environmental pollutants but that the method is too low in sensitivity. A research is conducted on the creation of an ecological reporter function using the biological amplification technique. It is then found that the immunoreaction-aided measuring of environmental pollutants yields an excellent result in terms of sensitivity but that it has a problem in its resistance to environmental conditions. In a research on the standardization of environmental measurements using ecological information, it is found that the primary object of research and development should be a systematization technology compatible with biological functions. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the R and D under a consignment from NEDO of the environment friendly type production technology. High-functional chemical synthesis bioreactor (for public); 1996 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kankyo chowagata seisan gijutsu (kokino kagaku gosei bioreactor) kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of developing production technology of chemical substances which are resource conservative, energy saving and less in environmental loads, a R and D was conducted of a high-functional chemical synthesis bioreactor. The paper reported the results of fiscal 1996. As for proliferation control breeding technology, relating to the switch control technology of proliferation related genes by regulatory factors, the effectiveness on an incubator level was demonstrated, and at the same time improvement of reactor performance in using this technology was studied on paper. As to the manifestation control breeding technology, the actual design of the development of manifestation promotion technology by bent DNA, etc. was proceeded with, and at the same time the following were commenced: selection of bent DNA, confirmation of bent characteristics, and work of vector construction using candidate bent DNA. Further, the simple assessment system of manifestation vectors was constructed. In the development of bioreactor system technology, the actual design was started of the two-stage culture continuance system which separated proliferation and enzyme production. 48 refs., 41 figs., 6 tabs.

Report on achievement for fiscal 1998. Global environment industry technology development promotion project (the advanced technology survey and research project); 1998 nendo seika hokoiusho. Chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo (sentan gijutsu chosa kenkyu jigyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In order to structure innovative technologies to solve effectively the global environment problems, it is important to incorporate infra-structural technologies that have been achieved by universities and other research institutions. The fiscal 1998 project has commissioned 25 researches found superior from among research plans that have been invited during fiscal 1997. This paper enumerates the main themes including those under continued research. The research themes include: fixation of phosphor by using photo-energy, utilization of nitrogen fixing bacteria in rice plant roots for the purpose of carbon dioxide reduction, new functional solid ultra-strong acids for clean chemical processes, fixation of warming gases by using ultra critical fluid catalytic reactions, photo-catalysts having microporous structure, whose energy structure is controlled, waste water purification by using stimulation sensitive polymers, a practical and small high-speed environment purification system by means of a simple technology to cultivate high concentration bacteria of microorganisms, fundamental analysis of response to specific wavelength light in photosynthesized microorganisms, bio-remediation utilizing symbiotic systems of plants and bacteria, high efficiency catalysts purposed for total decomposition of water, and separation of carbon dioxide in deep sea bottoms by controlling hydrate crystal growth. (NEDO)

Networking of research information on global environment protection technologies; Chikyu kankyo taisaku gijutsu no kenkyu joho network jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Networking is being executed with an objective of exchanging information on global environment technologies at an international level. In order to further promote the information exchange, and to make web sites user-friendly, fiscal 1998 has performed structuring a thesis renewal system. As a result of structuring the thesis renewal system, researchers can use the system as using a word processor by inputting data from a terminal in their laboratories. The data can also be made into a data base nearly semi-automatically. In addition to reducing time loss, delay and input errors because of re-entry, the researchers can make the data into a database on nearly a real time basis, and can provide their own theses to any part of the world through Internet. With regard to retaining Internet security, the security software having been introduced last year was renewed. In addition, detailed status such as daily access has become possible of identification as a result of introducing the net intellect. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the promotion projects by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth. Study on possibility of research exchanges; 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo seika hokokusho. Kenkyu koryu kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the results of the study on possibility of research exchanges, conducted by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) in FY 2000. For development of thin-film catalysts, HTE, a venture developing combinatorial chemistry application to catalysts, is a potential partner for the exchanges. One of the technical problems involved in underground sequestration of CO2 relates to evaluation of the reactions between CO2 injected under pressure and the surrounding rocks. It is a less site-specific theme, and preferably pursued through international networks. The RITE delegates have visited the British Geological Survey, Canada's Alberta Research Council, and US's Pennsylvania State University, Rice University and Chevron Petroleum, finding research exchange possibilities in all of these organizations for broad technical themes related to underground sequestration of CO2. For energy conversion technologies using biomass resources as the source materials, the potential partners for the research exchanges include Swedish Royal Institute of Technology, Belgium's Catholic University of Louvain and Spain's University of Zaragona which leads researches in production of gases from wastes and biomass. (NEDO)

Research report for fiscal 1998. Research into the feasibility of exchange of studies for the development and promotion of global environment-related industrial technologies; 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo. Kenkyu koryu kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The above was conducted by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE). Worldwide collaboration is mandatory for the settlement of environmental problems for the earth, and RITE is positively promoting its interaction with research institutes abroad. In fiscal 1998, it sent research teams to government organizations and research institutes in Europe and America for studies there. A study in Europe involved the preparation of chemicals from CO2 by virtue of novel biotic reactions, and RITE's microbial molecular function laboratory plans to start a leading study in fiscal 1999. In relation with environmental impact reducing technologies using sunlight-aided photocatalysts, visits were paid to three research institutes in America. RITE itself has developed a powdered semiconductor catalyst and is engaged in the study of producing hydrogen by decomposition of water using solar energy. Concerning the production of saccharides out of farm wastes remaining unused, researches were made into the feasibility of joint studies with some advanced research institutes in America. Discussions were made about the performance- and stability-related improvement of enzymes usable for the decomposition of biomass, the analysis of biological environmental circumstances that substance yielding microbes find themselves in under anaerobic conditions, etc. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the study under a consignment from NEDO of environmental friendly type metal base-materials recycling utilization basic technology and element/overall process. For public; 1996 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko kyodo kenkyu itaku. Kankyo chowagata kinzokukei sozai kaisei riyo kiban gijutsu no kenkyu: yoso sogo process kenkyu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

A study of `the next generation new iron steel making process` was conducted in which impurity elements in scrap are removed and recycled into high quality steel making materials, and at the same time total emissions are reduced during the process from scrap melting to steel making. The paper reported the fiscal 1996 results. In the study of the scrap recycling process, conducted were a study of the total system to remove impurities in the high temperature preheating furnace, a large scale experiment of de-coaling combined type de-coppering/de-tinning under reduced pressure of iron melting, a study of recycling technology of dust to the scrap melting furnace, etc. In the study on preheating/melting technology, a study of the scrap melting furnace of high-productivity/low-energy vertical type, a study of the scrap preheating method using the packed bed type preheating furnace, a study on the flue gas control at the time of preheating/melting, a study of the fast assessment method for organic compounds in flue gas, etc. In the evaluation of the total system, a study of preheating/melting/environmental systems using experimental plants. 20 refs., 23 figs., 10 tabs.

Biological quarantine on international waters: an initiative for onboard protocols

Science.gov (United States)

Takano, Yoshinori; Yano, Hajime; Funase, Ryu; Sekine, Yasuhito; Takai, Ken

2012-07-01

The research vessel Chikyu is expanding new frontiers in science, technology, and international collaboration through deep-sea expedition. The Chikyu (length: 210 m, gross tonnage: 56752 tons) has advanced and comprehensive scientific research facilities. One of the scientific purposes of the vessel is to investigate into unexplored biosphere (i.e., undescribed extremophiles) on the Earth. Therefore, "the onboard laboratory" provides us systematic microbiological protocols with a physical containment situation. In parallel, the onboard equipments provide sufficient space for fifty scientists and technical support staff. The helicopter deck also supports various logistics through transporting by a large scale helicopter (See, http://www.jamstec.go.jp/chikyu/eng/). Since the establishment of Panel on Planetary Protection (PPP) in Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), we have an international consensus about the development and promulgation of planetary protection knowledge, policy, and plans to prevent the harmful effects of biological contamination on the Earth (e.g., Rummel, 2002). However, the matter to select a candidate location of initial quarantine at BSL4 level is often problematic. To answer the key issue, we suggest that international waters can be a meaningful option with several advantages to conduct initial onboard-biological quarantine investigation. Hence, the research vessel Chikyu is promising for further PPP requirements (e.g., Enceladus sample return project: Tsou et al., 2012). Rummel, J., Seeking an international consensus in planetary protection: COSPAR's planetary protection panel. Advances in Space Research, 30, 1573-1575 (2002). Tsou, P. et al. LIFE: Life Investigation For Enceladus - A Sample Return Mission Concept in Search for Evidence of Life. Astrobiology, in press.

Research information network survey of innovative technology for the earth. 2; Chikyu kankyo taisaku gijutsu no kenkyu joho network chosa. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

In order to construct the information network system for a research of innovative technology for the earth, a prototype has been made. To draw necessary functions for the information network system, an information flow in a general research work is analyzed to classify it based on the functions. The information collecting function, information accumulating and sharing function, special information system for research, information providing function, and communication function of the net work correspond to the collecting information, accumulating information, being engaged in research, providing information, and communication of researcher`s actions, respectively. The services on network system supposed from these functions are the homepage search mailing list, intranet service, special information system for research, WWW Internet broadcasting, and BBS/news/conference tool, respectively. It was found that latest Internet technology enabled to construct easily controlled system environment for users and WWW would develop as a standard communication tool. 2 refs., 26 figs., 27 tabs.

Survey on problems in developing technologies for the global environment issues (Version II); Chikyu kankyo mondai gijutsu kaihatsu kadai chosa. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-07-01

This paper describes a survey on problems in developing technologies for the global environment issues. Technological development of means to reduce generation of environmental issues and substitutive means for non-generation thereof is being moved forward specifically in the Sunshine Project and the Moonlight Project. The Chemical Technology Research Institute assumes that it has a responsibility to positively contribute to developing a technological system that matches the substance circulation mechanism of the earth from the fields of chemistry. Therefore, the Institute has organized working groups that have been identifying problems from their expertise standpoints and have been extracting study assignments. Subsequent to the Version I, the Version II has been compiled. The Version II takes up the simulation of global warming mechanisms, behavior of gases dissolved in oceans, and possibility of fixing CO2 in oceans. With respect to fluorocarbons, the Version II describes development of substitutive substances, their stability, combustion method as a destruction technique, and destruction by means of super criticality. Regarding CO2, the version introduces technologies to re-use CO2 as a resource by means of membrane separation, storage, and contact hydrogenation. The volume also dwells on CO2 reduction by using photo-chemical and electrochemical reactions, CO2 reduction and photo-synthesis by using semiconductors as photo catalysts and electrodes. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the introductory study on the global environmental industry technology. Investigational study on the environmental creation technology by the application of ecosystem information functions; 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu seika hokokusho. Seitaikei joho kino oyo ni yoru kankyo sozo gijutsu ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

To know the state of environmental pollution before it clearly exists, an investigational study was made on the technology to measure environmental stress at high sensitivity, in wide range and at high speed using functions to respond chemical substances, etc. which living organisms have. The FY 1999 results were outlined. As to the application of ecosystem information functions, survey was conduced paying attention to the environmental stress response of each of the bacteria, algae, plants and animals, responses viewed from the manifestation of immunity antibodies which occurs inside living organisms and changes at genetic level, and responses of algae and plants in case of specifying environmental pollutants. In relation to the application of the biological amplification mechanism, survey was carried out on environmental stress signals sent from plants, selection of environmental stress index plants, detection of environmental pollutants using bacteria, high sensitivity detection using animal (nematode), etc. Concerning the standardization of the environmental measuring technology by the application of ecosystem information functions, survey was conducted on artificial molecular recognition sensor, antibody device sensor, biochips, system construction, etc. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the promotion projects by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth. Projects for international research exchanges and international seminars; 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo chosa hokokusho. Kokusai kenkyu koryu jigyo / kokusai seminar kaisai jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the results of the international research exchange projects promoted by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) in FY 2000. The international research exchanges are important for creation of new research areas and technological systems for solving the global environmental problems. In order to promote these activities, RITE invites and dispatches researchers to international conferences and symposiums, promotes research exchanges with major foreign research institutes and academic organizations, and invites and dispatches researchers for medium to long periods. These projects promote exchanges of the latest researches with various institutes, both domestic and foreign, and confirm that the research and development projects now RITE is promoting are closely related to those promoted by various organizations. In the FY 2000, RITE invites 5 foreign researchers for joint researches, and invites 3 foreign researchers to international conferences. RITE also dispatches 3 Japanese researchers to American and European universities, and 12 Japanese researchers to international conferences and the like, to effectively promote the domestic researches and grasp development tendencies at institutes of various countries. RITE holds 5 international seminars for exchanging and discussing broad topics over advanced researches related to global environmental technologies by researchers, both domestic and foreign. (NEDO)

Initiative research in fiscal 2000 in relation with global environment industrial technologies. Achievement report on investigations and researches of emission-free manufacturing (EFM); 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu seika hokokusho. Emission free manufacturing (EFM) no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Three working groups were established, each having assignments of developing a technology to evaluate environmental load imposed by processing processes, developing a new manufacturing process intended of reducing environmental load, and remarkably improving the existing manufacturing technologies. Investigations and researches were performed on the current technological trends and technological problems in relation with emission-free manufacturing. In the environmental load evaluation technology, it was indicated that the amount of charged energy per one million yen of products made by metal machine tools is 10040 Gcal/M yen, and that, with regard to CO2 emission amount and resource depleting load at the small machining center, the amounts attributable to the raw materials are 80% and 90% respectively, wherein either item can be reduced by recycling iron. For the comprehensive low-emission processing technology, investigations were carried out on a casting process not using sandmolds, substitute lubricants, dry forging, semi-solid processing, and deep drawing process using ultra-high pressure water. For the functional low-emission production technology, investigations were performed on performance improvement in processing machines, energy saving, and reduction in emission. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 report on international joint research project on global environmental technology; 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo gijutsu kokusai kyodo kenkyu jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As part of the above-named effort, Japanese researchers were dispatched to overseas universities and laboratories for implementing joint researches into 11 subjects selected by the NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) screening committee. When the feedback of fruits of the researches to NEDO projects is taken into account, it may be said that the accomplishments, attained relative to the development of processes for the practical application of environmentally-friendly biomass energy and measures for promoting its adoption, will contribute to the completion of an environmentally-friendly energy production process, excellent in CO2 emissions reduction, in which biomass will be the raw material. In relation to the technology of installing pipes for CO2 discharge into the ocean, some of the dispatched researchers had an opportunity of studying technological problems not deal with under NEDO research and development projects. In the study of organized structures of low-purity CO2 bubble groups, a great contribution was made to the promotion of the NEDO-implemented project of evaluating the impact of CO2 storage in the ocean upon environments. The development of remedial technologies for Microcystis aeruginosa-invaded lakes by introducing environmental engineering assumes a very important position in the endeavors for environmental improvement in developing nations in the Asia-Pacific region. (NEDO)

Global environment assessment survey by advancing the energy demand and supply structure. 4; Energy jukyu kozo kodoka chikyu kankyo eikyo chosa. 4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

To investigate the energy demand and supply structure in Japan, the international trend of approaches to global warming problems and the mitigation options to global warming in the energy related sectors have been surveyed. For the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, an Ad-hoc Group has discussed relevant topics after the 1st conference of the Parties. Meetings of the Group primarily focused on what objectives to set for the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in and in and after 2000. IPCC completed their Technical Paper in November 1996 in which technologies and measures to reduce GHG emissions and to enhance GHG sinks were analyzed and evaluated in various aspects. This Paper discusses about each sector of institutional buildings sector, transport sector, industrial sector, and energy supply sector. Especially, in the energy supply sector, promising approaches to reduce future emission include more efficient conversion of fossil fuels, switching to low-carbon fossil fuels, decarbonization of flue gas and fuels, CO2 storage, switching to nuclear energy, and switching to renewable sources of energy. 5 refs., 2 figs., 14 tabs.

Energy, oil and global environmental problems towards21st. century. 21 seiki ni mukatte no energyter dot sekiyuter dot chikyu kankyo mondai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishikawa, K [Mitsubishi Oil Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1990-09-01

The world energy demand is increasing with the development of the world economy and the improvement of the life level. In view of the future economic development and population growth, the world energy demand will considerably increase especially in the LDCs. Since the oil crisis, saving of energy and material were effectively executed, thus significantly reducing the energy requirement per GNP. However, in the recent several years, the conciousness of energy has become diluted, causing considerable consumption in larger size and higher grade products, thus increasing the non-industrial and transportation consumption. This report considered the effective use of energy and the nuclear application. It is to be noted that the accident frequency in the Japanese nuclear plants is much less than the other countries. The coal utilization requires further technical development in view of the environmental problems. Other substitutible energies are all weak in competition and cannot be expected utilizable in large scale for the time being. This report also referred to the oil problem. 9 figs.

Survey on chemical engineering technologies for the global environmental protection; Chikyu kankyo hozen no tame no kagaku kogakuteki taisaku gijutsu ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1993-03-01

The present paper suggests chief measures to suppress and reduce global greenhouse gases. Under the control of artificial environments such as bioreactor, hydroponics and vegetable factory, a very high fixing rate of CO2 can be obtained, but CO2 generation accompanying electric power consumption is also large. It is preferable to use methane as resource by reforming reactions or selective oxidative reaction. In the recovery technique of fluorocarbon, 100% recovery is desirable. Techniques for decomposing recovered fluorocarbon and converting it to harmless material are the most backward ones. Understanding of essential structural relationship of coal is necessary for establishing combustion technique for the reduction of N2O. The integrated power generation system composed from solid electrolyte type fuel cell and coal-gasifying process, high-performance, superheat pump system form scientific technology imposing no burden on the global environment. Establishment of purification technique for industrial- or living-related drain inflowing to a closed water area system, establishment and reinforcement of inspection system for oil spill in the oceans in a global scale are required. 240 refs., 63 figs., 30 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report on the global environmental assessment for efficient energy consumption; 1998 nendo energy shohi koritsuka chikyu kankyo eikyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published the 1st assessment report in 1990 and the 2nd report in 1995 since its establishment in 1988, and is promoting the 3rd research and analysis. Among them, this report describes the study on technology transfer for efficient energy consumption. For stabilizing greenhouse effect gas concentrations in the air, strong control of such gas emission is indispensable, and a role of technology is important for the control. For overcoming some weak points for climate change, practical use of applicable technologies is necessary over a certain period of time, and technology transfer is essential in each country and all over the world. For promotion of such approach, the analysis and evaluation for technology transfer and diffusion are useful in addition to reports on technology itself. Based on such understanding, IPCC has promoted preparation of the special report on methodological and technological issues of technology transfer since 1997. Its approval at the IPCC general meeting is expected in late 1999 or early 2000. Some chapters related to efficient energy consumption are presented. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the project for the promotion of industrial technology development for the global environment. Project on the investigational research of high technology; 2000 nendo NEDO seika hokokusho. Chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo - Sentan gijutsu chosa kenkyu jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

High-tech study was conducted for fields of CO2 fixation/effective utilization, technical development of low environmental load substances and technical development of environmentally friendly type production process, and the FY 2000 results were summarized. Out of the proposals for research projects collected in FY 1999, 25 projects that were recognized to be excellent were consigned to contract research. Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth also selected 4 projects for research. Through research activities, 179 projects were made public, and 2 patents were applied for. The number of research themes was 29 including the following themes: development of food resource resistant to the future global environment, study on new circulation type polymer chemical recycling by bio-process, development of dioxin decomposition technology using artificial enzyme and absorption resin, design of rare metal free cathode substance for large lithium ion secondary battery, and reforming of carbon circulation system in the Australian desert by natural humus supply. (NEDO)

Report on achievement in the preceding research related to global industry technologies for the global industry technology research and development project. Research on gas systems substituting global warming gases such as PFC used in manufacturing semiconductors; 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu. Handotai seizo nado ni shiyosuru PFC nado no chikyu ondanka gas no daitai gas system no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The present semiconductor manufacturing process uses a great amount of PFC having large global warming coefficients and extremely long atmospheric life. A research was made particularly on reduction of its emission from etching processes. After introducing how the semiconductor industry has been working conventionally on protection of the global environment, this paper makes clear the purpose and positioning of this preceding research, as well as how it is moved forward. The paper also reports the results of analyzing and discussing the exhaust gases from etching devices using several kinds of substitute PFC gases. Survey results are reported on the possibilities of new substitute gases, plasma decomposition and treatment of exhaust gases, reaction process simulation, and in-situ analyzing and evaluating technologies. Investigations were made on the possibility of using no PFC in wiring processes which consume greater amount of PFC, as well as on wiring techniques using inter-layer insulation film with low dielectric rate, a new wiring structure forming technology, new functional elements, circuits and systems in a wide range. Proposals were given on specific research and development themes and plans that begin in fiscal 1999. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey of effect of energy efficiency improvement on global environment; 1999 nendo energy shohi koritsuka chikyu kankyo eikyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Analyses are conducted into consideration given to global warming measures in the 3rd assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and into technology transfer from developed nations to developing nations in the Asia-Pacific region etc. to contribute to their energy efficiency improvement. The aim is to present data for deliberation as to how future energy efficiency improvement measures should be in the Asia-Pacific region. The chapters (Chapter 0 through Chapter 10) of the report to be worked out by Working Group III deeply involved in energy problems are 0) Introduction, 1) Scope of the report; 2) Socio-economic and emissions scenarios; 3) Technical and economic potential of GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions reduction; 4) Technical and economic potential of biological CO2 mitigation options; 5) Barriers, opportunities and market potential of technologies and practices; 6) Policies, measures and instruments; 7) Costing methodologies; 8) Global, regional and national costs and ancillary benefits of mitigation; 9) Sector costs and ancillary benefits of mitigation; and 10) Decision making frameworks. As the result of the survey, some actual technology transfer implementations are introduced covering branches closely related to energy efficiency improvement, which are branches of construction, traffic, industry, energy supply, and wastes. (NEDO)

Report on an international joint research project for global environment technology in fiscal 1998; 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo gijutsu kokusai kyodo kenkyu jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In order to serve for measures against global problems taken by Japan, joint research was carried out with overseas research organizations. The research project selected ten themes considering urgency, internationality and economic proliferation effect in areas to serve for solution of global environment problems. These themes include removal or emission control of greenhouse effect gases, measures against atmospheric environment problems such as acid rains and ozone layer destruction, prevention of ocean contamination, development and effective utilization of energies and resources. When the feedback of these themes to the NEDO projects is considered, the research achievements in relation with development of the acid rain monitoring system in particular support indirectly development of carbon dioxide fixation technologies. The research achievements in developing an environmentally friendly biomass energy manufacturing process and environmental effect evaluation thereon contribute as an effective process to carbon dioxide reduction using biomass as raw materials. The achievements in research of nonlinear interfacial properties and mixed phase turbulence of low-purity carbon dioxide bubbles contribute to a project related to storage of carbon dioxide in oceans. (NEDO)

Research on the information network for R and D on the innovative technology for the earth; Chikyu kankyo taisaku gijutsu no kenkyu joho network chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

With an objective to structure an information network system to promote research information exchange on global environment preserving technologies, the currently used RITE information system was reviewed, and the WWW home page was discussed. Three years have passed since the structuring of the RITE information system, during which remarkably popularized use of the Internet can be seen. With respect to provision of research information through the Internet, IP connection is possible in almost all the countries; a variety of research information utilizing WWW are provided; multi-media functions are advancing in image information, audio information and animated image information; and retrieval servers are improved according to applicable fields. Regarding the RITE information system, discussions are given on improvement in the Internet access environment, and expansion in information providing scope and information exchange environment. A WWW home page was prepared on a trial basis, which indicated that a considerable amount of information can be provided even under the presently retained information and the current network environment. 2 refs., 28 figs., 3 tabs.

Survey of effects of enhancement of the energy supply/demand structure on the global environment. 3; Energy jukyu kozo kodoka chikyu kankyo eikyo chosa. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For the purpose of studying how the energy supply/demand structure in Japan should be, a report on the secondary IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) evaluation was analyzed. Possibilities of reducing the world CO2 emissions in association with the energy consumption were studied in the five assumed cases. Every case says that CO2 can be reduced to 1/3 of the 1990 level by 2100. In a case of the use of biomass as main fuel (1), the use of primary energy is suppressed to two times the 1990 level, and photovoltaic/wind/biomass power generation is introduced in a large quantity. Synthetic methanol and hydrogen are used for transportation and commercial/residential use fuels. There are four more assumed cases: the use of nuclear power as a substitute for renewable energy in the power generation in (1), the use of natural gas of 1.5 times that used in (1), the substitution of coal for biomass used in (1), and the assumption that the demand for primary energy in 2100 will be twice that used in (1). In Japan it is assumed that basically the nuclear power generation will be expanded, that the photovoltaic and waste power generation will be introduced in a large quantity, and that synthetic methanol and hydrogen are mainly used as transportation and commercial/residential use fuels. It is necessary, therefore, to analyze conditions under which the quantity introduction of such non-fossil energy is made possible. 11 figs., 31 tabs.

Fiscal 1994 survey report. Survey of energy supply/demand structure sophistication and global environmental impact; 1994 nendo energy jukyu kozo kodoka chikyu kankyo eikyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

Outlines of various energy supply/demand analytical models are surveyed. With environmental problems gathering importance, a number of models are being introduced in which energy supply/demand structures, long-term climate changes, and impacts of policy options on social economy are linked to each other. Some socioeconomic impact models cover a single country and others the whole world. They are various in type, ranging from dynamic optimization models to static balance models. Twenty-four models are chosen, and grouped into two types respectively covering Japan and the whole world from a geographical viewpoint and into three groups in view of their structures. Under an optimization model, such optimization is accomplished as economic growth maximization and energy cost minimization and so forth under given energy supply restrictions. Under a general balance type econometric model, an adjustment process in which capital and labor and production are coordinated across multiple departments is expressly stated. Under a partial balance type econometric model, a demand function for goods is given and optimum behavior such as consumption maximization is indirectly described. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the R and D under a consignment from NEDO of the technology to fix and effectively use carbon dioxide using bacteria and microalgae (for public); 1996 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku (saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the solution to the global environmental problem, a technology is developed in which by searching for/breeding/developing bacteria, etc. which conduct photosynthesis highly effectively, CO2 is fixed and recycled. The fiscal 1996 R and D is outlined as the utilization of bacteria, microalgae, etc. Obtained were microalgae exceeding the conventional strains in CO2 fixation ability, and bacteria/microalgae excellent in production of polysaccharides, hydrocarbon, lipid, biological active substances, etc. The fundamental study was continued of CO2 integrated enzyme function/reaction system as molecular biological breeding. In the cell fusion, a set-up of conditions for green algae was started. For the confirmation of performance of high dense/quantity culture technology using solar light, further improvement of performance and systematization, 200L scale testing equipment was manufactured. It is a collective reactor and enabled study of ventilation/agitation and control of light strength. A reactor analysis model was constructed. Also including the conversion into useful substances, energy/material balance was systematically studied. Collection of technical literature and information exchanges were made in Japan and overseas. 276 refs., 475 figs., 156 tabs.

Global environment action plant of Japan Society of Civil Engineers. ; Agenda 21 / Japan Society of Civil Engineers. Doboku gakkai chikyu kankyo kodo keikaku. ; Agenda 21 / doboku gakkai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

1994-04-15

This paper explains the involvement of the global environment action plan of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Agenda 21, with civil engineerings and global environmental problems, as well as the global environment action plan. Global environmental problems require handling the matters in three ways: identification and elucidation of events, effect analysis estimation, and alleviation, avoidance and prevention of the effect. Settlement and proliferation of civil engineering technologies transferred to developing countries demand indispensably understanding such features of the developing countries as social and economic conditions, natural conditions, climates, histories, races, and cultures. Realizing the sustainable development requires the followings: formation of civil engineerings that contribute to improving global environments; development of civil engineerings that make coexistence of human being and other living organisms possible; analyses of effects and mechanisms of global warming and weather change and the corresponding technique and system development; and development of techniques to build resource circulating type national land and cities. It is also essential to move forward positively structuring civil engineerings that contribute to solving such global environmental problems as acid rains and marine pollution, and technical development thereof; providing guidelines on execution of international civil engineering constructions, and technical development thereof; developing civil engineerings in developing countries and assisting training of people.

FY 2000 report on the promotion projects by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth. Proceedings of the international seminar (Reports presented to the international workshop for selective oxidation catalysts); 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo kokusai seminar jigyo shiryo. Sentaku sanka shokubai kokusai workshop hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the international workshop for selective oxidation catalysts, promoted by RITE. The session of methane activation includes a comprehensive lecture on designs of selective alkane oxidation catalysts developed since the 1980s, describing the simplified catalyst design procedures and, at the same time, pointing out the vapor-phase reactions governing the overall reactions at high temperature. The session of alkane oxidation includes a lecture on oxidation of ethane into acrolein in the presence of a silica catalyst supporting isolated active sites, stressing necessity for controlling the vapor-phase reactions and importance of isolating the active sites. The session of crystalline materials includes a lecture on Ti-siting in Ti-containing molecular sieve and selective oxidation catalyst functions, concentrating discussion on oxidation with H{sub 2}O{sub 2} as the oxidant on TS-1. The session of engineering hybrid includes a lecture on catalytic partial oxidation of alkanes in millisecond reactors, describing that possibility of controlling the vapor-phase reactions in the presence of monolith, porous-plate catalysts in a reactor through which the reactant gases pass in a very short time, of the order of millisecond. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 global environmental industry technology research related project. Report on the results of the consignment project of research and development of technology for reducing carbon dioxide emissions; 1996 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu kanren jigyo. Nisanka tanso nado haishutsu teigen gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu itaku gyomu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of reducing emissions of carbon dioxide, freon, etc., a research project was carried out of `Research and development of technology for reducing carbon dioxide emissions` which consists of 8 projects. The paper reported the results of the projects. The projects are: (1) Development of waste water treatment of submerged combustion system, (2) Development of thermoelectric generating devices, (3) Development of high performance heat insulation materials, (4) Development of methanol reformer for transportable fuel cell, (5) Development of large pressure reducing valves, (6) Development of large-scale turbo heat pump for district heating and cooling plants, (7) Development of heat pumps for transportation equipment, and (8) Development of thermoelectric cooling devices. In (1), the waste water treatment test was conducted and reached the target. In (2), the thermoelectric device using powder sintering element obtained performance twice the performance level of the existing device. In (3), (4), (5) and (6), the target was all reached. In (7), the results well agreed in a comparison between structural analysis and experiment. The cooling unit by the SPS sintering method using Bi-Te system sintered material element obtained the cooling efficiency almost the same as that by the freon compressor method. 8 refs., 161 figs., 63 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the survey of effects of enhancement of energy consumption efficiency on the global environment; 2000 nendo energy shohi koritsuka chikyu kankyo eikyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Looking for effective measures for enhancement of energy consumption efficiency in the Asia Pacific region, survey was made of the state of study of measures against global warming in the 3rd IPCC report and the state of study of the incidental convenience. The survey was made in the following two fields: 1) research analysis in study of the 3rd IPCC report; 2) research analysis of the convenience incidental to measures against global warming. 1) is composed of IPCC activities and the 3rd assessment report, and the developmental state of global warming prevention technology and potential of greenhouse effect gas reduction. Subjects on the prevention technology are the technology for enhancement of energy consumption and development of non-fossil fuels. Physical/chemical CO2 fixation is also studied. 2) is composed of the introduction, economic/social/environmental effects, international flow, reasons for different conclusion in every study, and fields of further study. Considered were global warming prevention measures, for example, economic/social/environmental effects of creation of the carbon tax, reduction in subsidy in energy sector, etc. (NEDO)

New roles of LWD and wireline logging in scientific ocean drilling

Science.gov (United States)

Sanada, Y.; Kido, Y. N.; Moe, K.; Aoike, K.

2014-12-01

D/V Chikyu implemented by CDEX/JAMSTEC joined IODP from 2007. Various LWD (Logging While Drilling) and wireline logging have been carried out in many expeditions and for various purposes. Significant features of logging in Chikyu expeditions are many use of LWD than wireline logging, and riser dirlling. riser selected specific tools for each scientific target, and 3) carried out various borehole experiments. LWD has been more popular than wireline logging in Chikyu expeditions, because its advantages match theirs science targets. The advantages are followings. 1) LWD has more opportunities for measurement in unstable borehole, such as in the series of Nankai trough drilling expeditions. 2) LWD realtime data allows us to make realtime interpretation and operational decision. Realtime interpretation was required to set obsevartory at the properposition. 3) LWD before coring allows us to make a strategy of spot coring.We can design coring intervals for our interest and core length to improve core recovery.Riser drilling brings us merits for logging. One is hole stability (good hole condition) and the other is the use of large diameter tools. Controled drilling mud in riser drilling system prevent mud invasion to formation and mitigates collapse of borehole wall. They reduce the risk of tool stack and improve data quality. Large diameter of riser pipe enhances variation of tool seizes. A couple of new tools were used for new measurement and improvement of the data quality. For example, SonicScanner (trademark of Schulumberger) successfully measured compressional and share velocity in very low velocities at the soft sediment, where it has been difficult to measure them with conventional DSI tool (Exp319). The stress and pore pressure in the borehole were measured with the wireline logging tool, (Schlumberger MDT). The single probe tool enable to measure temporal formation fluid pressure. The double packer tool enable to fracture test by sealing and pumping in the

High Resolution Mineral Mapping of the Oman Drilling Project Cores with Imaging Spectroscopy: Preliminary Results

Science.gov (United States)

Greenberger, R. N.; Ehlmann, B. L.; Kelemen, P. B.; Manning, C. E.; Teagle, D. A. H.; Harris, M.; Michibayashi, K.; Takazawa, E.

2017-12-01

The Oman Drilling Project provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the formation and alteration of oceanic crust and peridotite. Key to answering the main questions of the project are a characterization of the primary and secondary minerals present within the drill core and their spatial relationships. To that end, we used the Caltech imaging spectrometer system to scan the entire 1.5-km archive half of the core from all four gabbro and listvenite boreholes (GT1A, GT2A, GT3A, and BT1B) at 250 µm/pixel aboard the JAMSTEC Drilling Vessel Chikyu during the ChikyuOman core description campaign. The instrument measures the visible and shortwave infrared reflectance spectra of the rocks as a function of wavelength from 0.4 to 2.6 µm. This wavelength range is sensitive to many mineral groups, including hydrated minerals (phyllosilicates, zeolites, amorphous silica polytypes), carbonates, sulfates, and transition metals, most commonly iron-bearing mineralogies. To complete the measurements, the core was illuminated with a halogen light source and moved below the spectrometer at 1 cm/s by the Chikyu's Geotek track. Data are corrected and processed to reflectance using measurements of dark current and a spectralon calibration panel. The data provide a unique view of the mineralogy at high spatial resolution. Analysis of the images for complete downhole trends is ongoing. Thus far, a variety of minerals have been identified within their petrologic contexts, including but not limited to magnesite, dolomite, calcite, quartz (through an Si-OH absorption due to minor H2O), serpentine, chlorite, epidote, zeolites, mica (fuchsite), kaolinite, prehnite, gypsum, amphibole, and iron oxides. Further analysis will likely identify more minerals. Results include rapidly distinguishing the cations present within carbonate minerals and identifying minerals of volumetrically-low abundance within the matrix and veins of core samples. This technique, for example, accurately identifies

FY 2000 report on the promotion projects by Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth. Proceedings of the international seminar (Reports on photosynthetic CO2-assimilating enzymes by the international workshops); 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo kokusai seminar jigyo shiryo. Kogosei CO2 kotei koso kokusai workshop hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the reports on photosynthetic CO2-assimilating enzymes, presented to the international symposium. These enzymes are important for assimilating CO2 in air, maintaining the environments and production of foods. For genes and proteins, the topics include diversification and function evolution of the RuBisCO (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) in the natural environments, in particular in microorganisms. For activity regulation of PEPC, the topics include three-dimensional structures of PEPC and phosphorylation mechanisms and activity regulation therefor. For activity regulation of RuBisCO, the topics include post-translational activity of the enzymes (e.g., methylated enzyme); molecular regulation mechanisms involved in the biosynthesis and decomposition of RuBisCO; and activity regulation mechanisms in the chloroplast. For leaf photosynthesis and RuBisCO, the topics include importance of enzymes and involved in-vivo reaction steps for leaf photosynthesis CO2 assimilation reactions. For function of PEPC, the topics include the biochemically and molecular biologically necessary and sufficient conditions for the C4 mechanism as the special photosynthesis mechanism. For transgenic approaches, the topics include procedure for allowing the RuBisCO gene of a dissimilar organism to function in the tobacco chloroplast, and introduction of enzymes involved in the C4 photosynthesis pathway in C3 plants. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 Project related to research and development of global environment industrial technologies. Report on the results of works commissioned for research and development of technology for reducing carbon dioxide emissions; 1997 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu kanren jigyo. Nisanka tanso nado haishutsu teigen gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu itaku gyomu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

With an objective of achieving reduction in emission of carbon dioxide and fluorocarbons, the `research and development on technologies to reduce emission of carbon dioxide and other substances` consisting of eight projects were conducted. In research and development of waste water treatment technologies using submerged combustion, studies were performed on removal by combustion of such pollutants as organic compounds, nitrogen compounds, and sulfur compounds. The development targets were achieved on each item. In research and development related with thermal electric power generation elements, semiconductor single crystals were fabricated in order to acquire technical knowledge on thermal power generation elements intended of utilizing industrial waste heat, whereas a simulation technology for designing was developed. In other projects, research and development works were carried out on high-performance heat insulating materials, and a movable methanol reformer for fuel cells. Developments were conducted on a large pressure reducing valve, and a cooling and heating turbo heat pump for regional air conditioning facilities. Research and development were made on Peltier elements, all efforts having achieved results respectively. 134 figs., 65 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the introductory study on the global environmental industry technology. Study of the technology to recycle organic waste as resource in the chemical industry; 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu seika hokokusho. Kagaku kogyo ni okeru yukisei haikibutsu no saishigenka gijutsu no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

An investigational study was conducted of applicability/viability of the technology to recycle as resource the organic waste and CO2 discharged from the chemical industry, etc., and the FY 1999 results were summarized. As to the production of hydrogen from the organic waste, a bioreactor was developed which enables the production of hydrogen of 58 mmol/L/hr using Enterobactor aerogenes by the isolation bacteria method, and it successfully enabled the production of hydrogen from biomass resource. Further, the micro-flora method can be responded to a variety of substrates, but in this method the hydrogen production rate is not as high as in the isolation bacteria method at the present time. Concerning the method to convert CO2 to useful organic resource by the hydrogen produced, an experimental value of the maximum production rate of 149g/L/d which is high was obtained in case of acetic acid. Moreover, the paper described an outline and the basic concept of the recycle system of energy and carbon resource which integrates the production of energy from organic waste being considered at the present time and the production of useful matters from CO2. (NEDO)

Mechanical design of experimental apparatus for FIREX cryo-target cooling

Science.gov (United States)

Iwamoto, A.; Norimatsu, T.; Nakai, M.; Sakagami, H.; Fujioka, S.; Shiraga, H.; Azechi, H.

2016-05-01

Mechanical design of an experimental apparatus for FIREX cryo-target cooling is described. Gaseous helium (GHe) sealing system at a cryogenic environment is an important issue for laser fusion experiments. The dedicated loading system was designed for a metal gasket. We take U-TIGHTSEAL® (Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha. Ltd.) with an indium plated copper jacket as an example. According to its specification, a linear load of 110 N/m along its circumference is the optimum compression; however a lower load would still maintain helium (He) leak below the required level. Its sealing performance was investigated systematically. Our system demanded 27 N/mm of the load to keep He leak tightness in a cryogenic environment. Once leak tightness was obtained, it could be reduced to 9.5 N/mm.

FY 1998 international cooperation project for global environment/project to evaluate influence of climate change; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Chikyu kankyo kokusai kyoryoku jigyo/kiko hendo eikyo hyokanado jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

As a part of the international cooperation for the global warming problem, evaluation/study were conducted on policy to lessen climate changes from viewpoints of scientific technology, environment, and economy/society. In the development of evaluation methods on cost analysis, the following were pointed out: Changes in resource utilization brought about as a result of the policy are all needed to be numerated; In resource, clean air and water, and also abolition of price barrier and prices now in force are included. As subjects on the technology transfer, cited are barriers in aspects of organization/system and barriers in aspects of economy/finance and society. Especially, it was pointed out that it is necessary to exchange the persons concerned in the industrial sector. Of various optional policies toward the prevention of global warming, the Kyoto mechanism not only has an economical merit of the use of low cost option but can be fairly promising from an environmental viewpoint of internationally controlling the greenhouse effect gas emission, if the characteristic of practically using the market can be so designed that it fulfills its function. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the survey of effects of enhancement of energy consumption efficiency on the global environment; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (energy shohi koritsuka chikyu kankyo eikyo chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper surveyed the state of studying the measures against global warming in the third assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and made analyses of the trends of preventive measures for global warming in other countries, aiming at presenting data for studying the future enhancement of energy consumption efficiency in the Asia Pacific region. In the U.S., a report was taken up from Executive Office of the President which is entitled `the federal government R and D of energy for solution to problems in the 21st century.` The report made analyses of the federal government R and D of energy and at the same time recommended an increase in R and D budget and reinforcement of the organization of the Department of Energy. In Europe, the carbon tax, CO2 tax, energy tax, etc. are introduced or studied for reduction of CO2 emissions. OECD made public a report approved in May 1997 which is entitled `the environmental tax and green tax reform.` Also studied were the introduction and effects of the carbon tax aiming at reducing CO2 emissions in developing countries. More attention is being paid to economic effects predicted in case developed countries reinforce various kinds of measures for targeted reduction of greenhouse gases. 2 figs., 4 tabs.

Investigational study of evaluation of the global energy system as a global environmental protection technology; Chikyu kankyo taisaku gijutsu toshite no global energy system no hyoka ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

With relation to some global energy systems of which viability is predicted in the future, an evaluation was conducted from the viewpoints of economical efficiency, energy balance, CO2 emission, etc. The fossil fuel CO2 capture system, the conventional thermal power plant added with CO2 recovery/treatment facilities, is expected to reduce approximately 70-75% of the CO2 emission. The fossil fuel decarbonated hydrogen system, which decarbonates fossil fuels, recovers/treats CO2 at the place of fuel supply and uses as hydrogen, is of poor practical application from an economical point of view. The fossil fuel methanol synthesis system, which synthesizes methanol from fossil fuels at the place of fuel supply, generates electric power and recovers/treats CO2 with the methanol, is large in energy loss and CO2 emission and low in overall efficiency and CO2 reduction effect at the time of methanol synthesis. The renewable energy hydrogen system is an ultimate system with no emission of CO2, though it costs much. 110 refs., 83 figs., 107 tabs.

'Nikkei Global Environment Technology Prize' awarded to the joint research group on regeneration of tropical forest; Nettairin saisei kyodo kenkyu ga 'Nikkei chikyu kankyo gijutsusho' wo jusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, T. [Kansai Electric Power Co. Inc., Osaka (Japan)

1998-11-10

The tropical forest regeneration technology research group of Kansai Electric Power Company and Kansai Environment Center has been performing the research and development of tropical forest regeneration technology jointly with Indonesia since fiscal 1992. The group was awarded with the Global Environment Technology Prize from Nihon Keizai Shimbun, Inc. As a result of stringent examination on 97 applications, being two times as many as in usual years, the group received high evaluation on the originality, reality and possibility of proliferation of its research, and impacts given to the societies. Two other groups were also selected. The achievements were reported by the representative of the group in the award commemoration lecture at the global environment economist summit held by the Nikkei press the same day. Conventionally, afforestation done with considerable efforts has often been lost by forest fires and slash-and-burn farming, whereas the present research aims at establishing a comprehensive afforestation technology considering social and economic aspects, and CO2 fixation. As one of the choices of flexible measures as a result of the effect of forests having been recognized in COP3, frameworks for utilizing the mechanisms of joint implementation and clean resource development were introduced. Ever increasing expectations are placed on the achievements of the present research works. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1990 technological survey report. Report on NEDO's 10th anniversary international symposium (New energy and global environment); NEDO soritsu 10 shunen kinen kokusai symposium hokokusho. Shin energy to chikyu kankyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-10-03

Two lectures were given by Christopher Flavin (vice president for Research, Worldwatch Institute Inc.) and Hiroshi Takeuchi (chairman, LTCB Consulting and Research Institute Inc.), and a panel discussion was held by five panelists with Toyoaki Ikuta (The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan) as the coordinator. The themes were 'a sustainable energy strategy for the nineties', 'industrial structure change and energy problem', and 'new energy and the global environment'. The panelists were from Sweden, France, Thailand, U.S.A., and Japan. The main subject was energy security, in which discussion was held on the uneven distribution of oil resources in the Middle East and political instability in the region and on counter measures against global warming problem. The discussion on the latter subject showed that a limitation exists in the total consumption of fossil fuel in the world, and that energy policies were meaningless unless they were on a global scale. As the concrete measures, energy conservation technologies and regenerative energy utilization technologies need to be developed and spread, for which emphasized was the spread on a global scale, namely, the necessity of international cooperation and an international propulsion system. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D project on the industrial technology for the global environment. R and D of the prediction technology of environmental effects brought by CO2 ocean sequestration (Development of prediction technology of environmental effects around the point of CO2 discharge and the research support survey); 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo NEDO seika hokokusho. Nisankatanso no kaiyo kakuri ni tomonau kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu (CO2 horyuten shuhen'iki no kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu no kaihatsu narabini kenkyu shien chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of studying viability of CO2 ocean sequestration by discharging it at the intermediate depth of ocean, the R and D were conducted of 'prediction technology of environmental effects around the point of CO2 discharge,' and the FY 1999 results were summarized. In the study of elucidation of behavior of liquid CO2 at the time of discharge, melting speed of CO2 in water and seawater, 2D CO2 concentration distribution, etc. were measured using the circulation type deep-sea simulation experimental equipment. In the study of technology to send CO2 into the sea and dilute it, the process test using mock liquid was conducted. In the indoor experiment on CO2 effects on marine organisms, conducted were the detailed experiment on long-term effects of low concentration CO2 on sea urchins and shellfish, experiment on CO2 acute effects on eggs/fry and experiment on CO2 effects on adult fish. In the developmental study of the model to predict environmental effects around the point of CO2 discharge, carried out were the improvement of the model for prediction of effects on marine organisms, study of the CO2 diffusion in topographic features supposed to be Hawaii, etc. In the international joint study, measurement/observation technology, facilities, etc. were studied in preparation for the experiment actually conducted in the sea. (NEDO)

Research on the general analytical method of fossil fuel cycle from a viewpoint of the global environment. 3; Chikyu kankyo kara mita sogoteki kaseki nenryo cycle bunseki hyoka shuho no chosa. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The general analysis/assessment method of a fossil fuel cycle was studied. Seven kinds of power generation plants such as LNG cycle and coal cycle ones, and four kinds of transport and treatment systems of recovered CO2 such as ocean and underground systems were studied as case studies on life cycle analysis. As data necessary for life cycle analysis, the database was constructed which stores the facilities and operational energy required for a total energy system from mining of fossil fuel to treatment of recovered CO2, and the quantity of environmental waste such as CO2 emission. As a result, the decrease rate of energy balance defined as ratio of input energy to power plant output was estimated to be 14-43% and 20-60% in LNG cycle and coal cycle, respectively. Even if the recovery rate of CO2 in power plants reached 80-90%, reduction of total CO2 emission was limited to only 20-40% because of CO2 emission during mining, liquefaction and transport of fuel. 168 refs., 48 figs., 102 tabs.

1998 Annual Study Report. Surveys on seeds for global environmental technologies, including those for energy saving; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sho energy nado chikyu kankyo taisaku gijutsu no seeds ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The energy-saving and other global environmental technologies are surveyed by collecting relevant information from various institutes, both abroad and domestic, to contribute to development of ceramic gas turbines. USA has announced a climate change plan, based on the five principles, to promote utilization of high-efficiency technologies and development of new clean technologies. UK is promoting to improve energy efficiency, along with liberalization of its energy markets. Germany concentrates its efforts in the 'Program for Energy Research and Energy Technologies.' France places emphasis on prevention of air pollution and rational use of energy. The R and D trends at public institutes, e.g., universities, for global environmental technologies are surveyed, from which a total of 14 themes are extracted as the seed technologies. At the same time, a total of 9 techniques potentially applicable to the seeds are extracted by mainly reviewing JICST and patent information, and assessed. The R&D trends of the IPCC-related researchers are also surveyed, but provide no theme directly applicable to the seeds. Most of the related themes at the private and public institutes surveyed, both domestic and abroad, are concentrated on carbon dioxide. (NEDO)

Investigations on a global environment improving technology utilizing biological functions. 2. Structuring a ligno-bioprocess; Seibutsu kino wo riyoshita chikyu kankyo kaizen gijutsu ni kansuru chosa. 2. Riguno bio process no kochiku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Discussions were given to reserve global environments on reducing dependence on fossil resources and more effectively utilizing wood resources. Economically utilizable amount of wastes from lumbering factories reaches about five million tons annually. Discussions were made on a ligno-bioprocess that uses these wastes. The current quantitative production efficiency of cellulase by means of bacterial breeding is very high. A problem is production of ligninolytic enzymes, to which application of the recombinant DNA method is indispensable. Combination of steam explosion with biological decomposition or the organosolv process is an effective method for lignin decomposition. Decomposition of cellulose by using the ultra critical water method is worth noticing. With respect to hemicellulose utilization, production of cellulose derivatives, biodegradable polymers and oligosaccharides would be conceivable by means of esterification and etherification. Vanillinic acid, adhesives, resins and lignin-based polymer materials could be manufactured from lignin. Material cost for these products accounts for about 35% of the product price, thus making the lignochemicals promising commercial products. 301 refs., 71 figs., 39 tabs.

Fiscal 1990 technological survey report. Report on NEDO's 10th anniversary international symposium (New energy and global environment); NEDO soritsu 10 shunen kinen kokusai symposium hokokusho. Shin energy to chikyu kankyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-10-03

Two lectures were given by Christopher Flavin (vice president for Research, Worldwatch Institute Inc.) and Hiroshi Takeuchi (chairman, LTCB Consulting and Research Institute Inc.), and a panel discussion was held by five panelists with Toyoaki Ikuta (The Institute of Energy Economics, Japan) as the coordinator. The themes were 'a sustainable energy strategy for the nineties', 'industrial structure change and energy problem', and 'new energy and the global environment'. The panelists were from Sweden, France, Thailand, U.S.A., and Japan. The main subject was energy security, in which discussion was held on the uneven distribution of oil resources in the Middle East and political instability in the region and on counter measures against global warming problem. The discussion on the latter subject showed that a limitation exists in the total consumption of fossil fuel in the world, and that energy policies were meaningless unless they were on a global scale. As the concrete measures, energy conservation technologies and regenerative energy utilization technologies need to be developed and spread, for which emphasized was the spread on a global scale, namely, the necessity of international cooperation and an international propulsion system. (NEDO)

Environment laws and regulations in China; Chugoku no kankyo hoki oyobi kankyo haishutsu kijun

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Zhang, K.

1996-01-10

The water environmental criteria in China consist of the sea water criteria, surface water criteria, fishery water criteria, agricultural water criteria, and scenery and recreational water criteria. This paper describes the problems thereof and the future assignments. The `sea water criteria` among other classifications of the water environmental criteria are under discussions for amendment that plan to increase the kinds of water from three in the conventional criteria to four kinds. Generation of harmful chemical substances has kept on decreasing since the 1980`s. However, as can be seen in part of the river water monitoring data, concentrations of pollutants show a trend of increase since 1994. This is caused by waste waters discharged from small-size chemical factories and hide tanning factories. Adequate regulations are applied to these `local enterprises`. Organic compound substances regulated under the waste water criteria are only seven kinds. As the kinds and amount of harmful chemical substances are anticipated to increase in the future, regulations that can deal with the new situation are required. Improvements are sought in the system of `discharge and contamination fee` imposed on industrial waste waters. Preparing the criteria for a total quantity regulation is an important assignment to be discussed as the forthcoming problem. 5 refs., 4 tabs.

Studies on chemical protectors against radiation, 29

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Wang, Cheng-Ming; Ohta, Setsuko; Shinoda, Masato

1990-01-01

In order to investigate useful protective medicines for the relief of skin injury induced by irradiation, 60 methanol extracts of Chinese traditional medicines were used in the test of protective potency on skin injury. ICR male mice at 6 weeks of age were whole-body irradiated with 1100R by using a soft X-ray generator (30 kVp, 10 mA, 190 R/min). Each methanol extract of these medicines was injected intraperitoneally into mice before or after irradiation. The degrees of skin injury were determined by a score system of skin reaction within the observation period from 21st to 40th day after irradiation. Protective potency of each medicine on skin injury was calculated from the maximum mean scores of administrated group and un-administrated group. As a result of these studies, the protective potency was detected in Unsei-in, Kumibinro-to, Keisi-syakuyaku-chimo-to, Keigai-rengyo-to, Gosyuyu-to, Koso-san, Saiko-seikan-to, Syo-kankyo-to, Syo-saiko-to, Syoma-kakkon-to, Sen-kan-meimoku-to, Zokumei-to, Sokei-kakketu-to, Bokuryo-in, Mao-to and Rikkunsi-to by intraperitoneal injection before irradiation. Of these effective medicines, only Unsei-in and Mao-to are shown to have a significant protective effect by intraperitoneal injection after irradiation. (author)

Gas-hydrate-bearing sand reservoir systems in the offshore of India: Results of the India National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 02

Science.gov (United States)

Kumar, P.; Collett, Timothy S.; Vishwanath, K.; Shukla, K.M.; Nagalingam, J.; Lall, M.V.; Yamada, Y; Schultheiss, P.; Holland, M.

2016-01-01

The India National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 02 (NGHP-02) was conducted from 3-March-2015 to 28-July-2015 off the eastern coast of India using the deepwater drilling vessel Chikyu. The primary goal of this expedition was to explore for highly saturated gas hydrate occurrences in sand reservoirs that would become targets for future production tests. The first two months of the expedition were dedicated to logging-whiledrilling (LWD) operations, with a total of 25 holes drilled and logged. The next three months were dedicated to coring operations at 10 of the most promising sites. With a total of five months of continuous field operations, the expedition was the most comprehensive dedicated gas hydrate investigation ever undertaken.

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Project of promoting international cooperation on global environments/Project of assessing climate change impacts; 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo kokusai kyoryoku suishin jigyo chosa hokokusho. Kiko hendo eikyo hyoka nado jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As part of international cooperation concerning global warming, an assessment is conducted of climate change mitigating measures, from the viewpoints of technology, environment, economy, and community, in coordination with the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 3rd working group responsible for energy policy and technological development. It aims to contribute to the preparation of a 3rd assessment report, and covers (1) the development of an assessment technique relating to cost analysis, (2) problems in the transfer of technology and solutions for them, and (3) the assessment of various policy options. Under item (1), studies are made about modelling techniques, common parameters and their values, potentials for effect, control of warming, etc. Under item (2), factors impeding the transfer and diffusion of technology are extracted and solutions therefor and the establishment of new incentives are deliberated, with analysis and investigation focused on tasks and solutions for furthering global transfer of technology with attention paid to various specific cases. Under item (3), concrete and feasible policy options are discussed on the basis of the outcome of the above-named endeavors, in view of characteristics of each of the regions, departments, and techniques. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the project on the R and D of the global environmental industry technology. R and D of the technology for predicting environmental effects associated with the CO2 ocean sequestration (Development of the technology for predicting environmental effects in the area around the CO2 discharge point and survey for supporting study); 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Nisanka tanso no kaiyo kakuri ni tomonau kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu (CO2 horyuten shuhen'iki no kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu no kaihatsu narabini kenkyu shien chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

To obtain the technical outlook for CO2 ocean sequestration by CO2 discharge into the intermediate layer, the R and D was conducted of the technology for predicting environmental effects in the area around the CO2 discharge point, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In the elucidation study of the behavior at the time of discharging liquid CO2, the melting process of CO2 droplets discharged/dispersed into the seawater of the intermediate layer was observed, and the specific phenomenon of hydrate formation in the process of CO2 droplet formation was grasped. As to the technology for sending CO2 into the ocean and diluting it, experimental study was made of CO2 transportation technology from on the sea to the intermediate layer, technology for rapid dilution immediately after discharge, etc. About the indoor experiment on the CO2 influence on marine organisms, experiment on the CO2 influence was carried out using shells, sea urchin, red sea bream, etc. In the developmental study of models for predicting environmental effects in the area around the CO2 discharge point, the 3D two-phase flow LES model was developed as a model for predicting the CO2 behavior, and the simulation of the liquid CO2 discharge was made at the planned experimental site. The model for evaluation of the biological influence was also made which can consider the interaction between two kinds of organisms. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D project on the industrial technology for the global environment. R and D of the prediction technology of environmental effects brought by CO2 ocean sequestration (Development of prediction technology of environmental effects around the point of CO2 discharge and the research support survey); 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo NEDO seika hokokusho. Nisankatanso no kaiyo kakuri ni tomonau kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu (CO2 horyuten shuhen'iki no kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu no kaihatsu narabini kenkyu shien chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of studying viability of CO2 ocean sequestration by discharging it at the intermediate depth of ocean, the R and D were conducted of 'prediction technology of environmental effects around the point of CO2 discharge,' and the FY 1999 results were summarized. In the study of elucidation of behavior of liquid CO2 at the time of discharge, melting speed of CO2 in water and seawater, 2D CO2 concentration distribution, etc. were measured using the circulation type deep-sea simulation experimental equipment. In the study of technology to send CO2 into the sea and dilute it, the process test using mock liquid was conducted. In the indoor experiment on CO2 effects on marine organisms, conducted were the detailed experiment on long-term effects of low concentration CO2 on sea urchins and shellfish, experiment on CO2 acute effects on eggs/fry and experiment on CO2 effects on adult fish. In the developmental study of the model to predict environmental effects around the point of CO2 discharge, carried out were the improvement of the model for prediction of effects on marine organisms, study of the CO2 diffusion in topographic features supposed to be Hawaii, etc. In the international joint study, measurement/observation technology, facilities, etc. were studied in preparation for the experiment actually conducted in the sea. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the project on the R and D of the global environmental industry technology. R and D of the technology for predicting environmental effects associated with the CO2 ocean sequestration (Development of the technology for predicting environmental effects in the area around the CO2 discharge point and survey for supporting study); 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Nisanka tanso no kaiyo kakuri ni tomonau kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu (CO2 horyuten shuhen'iki no kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu no kaihatsu narabini kenkyu shien chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

To obtain the technical outlook for CO2 ocean sequestration by CO2 discharge into the intermediate layer, the R and D was conducted of the technology for predicting environmental effects in the area around the CO2 discharge point, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In the elucidation study of the behavior at the time of discharging liquid CO2, the melting process of CO2 droplets discharged/dispersed into the seawater of the intermediate layer was observed, and the specific phenomenon of hydrate formation in the process of CO2 droplet formation was grasped. As to the technology for sending CO2 into the ocean and diluting it, experimental study was made of CO2 transportation technology from on the sea to the intermediate layer, technology for rapid dilution immediately after discharge, etc. About the indoor experiment on the CO2 influence on marine organisms, experiment on the CO2 influence was carried out using shells, sea urchin, red sea bream, etc. In the developmental study of models for predicting environmental effects in the area around the CO2 discharge point, the 3D two-phase flow LES model was developed as a model for predicting the CO2 behavior, and the simulation of the liquid CO2 discharge was made at the planned experimental site. The model for evaluation of the biological influence was also made which can consider the interaction between two kinds of organisms. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D project on the industrial technology for the global environment. R and D of the prediction technology of environmental effects brought by CO2 ocean sequestration (Ocean survey and development of evaluation technology for CO2 sequestration ability); 1999 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo NEDO seika hokokusho. Nisankatanso no kaiyo kakuri ni tomonau kankyo eikyo yosoku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu (Kaiyo chosa oyobi CO2 kakuri noryoku hyoka gijutsu no kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Assuming the melting and sequestration of CO2 at the intermediate depth of the sea area around Japan, study of evaluation technology of CO2 sequestration ability in ocean was studied, and the FY 1999 results were summed up. In the ocean survey, survey was conducted by ship (No.2 Hakurei-maru) mainly at typical observation points and traverse lines of long. 147 E and long. 155 E. In the survey, the following data were acquired: data on seawater density and chemical tracer, data on release of intermediate-depth/independent buoys, concentration distribution of carbonic acid base substances/nutrient salts/chlorophyll, data on the existing amount of marine organisms and primary production speed measurement experiment, data on experiment on CO2 on-board exposure to organisms in the intermediate depth of ocean, etc. In the measurement/analysis of the sediment particle flux amount, sediment traps were installed/recovered. Further, for the purpose of measuring the neutralizing effect of calcium carbonate, operation test on CaCO{sub 3} melting experimental equipment was conducted in the actual sea area. In the development of a model for evaluation of CO2 sequestration ability, carried out were the improvement of the model using the inverse method, study of the estimated accuracy using the ocean observation data, etc. (NEDO)

Systematic arrangement of global environment measure technology. 3. Current status of methane generation and its effective utilization; Chikyu kankyo taisaku gijutsu no taikeiteki seiri. 2. Methane no hassei jokyo to sono yuko riyo no genjo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The status of the methane generation due to landfill with waste has been analyzed to investigate the actual circumstances of effective utilization of methane in the world and its possibility. The artificial generation of methane is 375 Tg per year among the total methane generation in the world, 535 Tg per year. The methane generation from the landfill with waste is 40 Tg per year, which becomes a rather large contribution. The methane generation from the landfill with waste in Japan is estimated to be from 130 to 520 Gg per year, which is a rather low value as a share in the world. This is caused by the sub-aerobic property of landfill in Japan, and the methane generation can be suppressed. Accordingly, there are no systems using recovered methane as energy source in Japan. In the USA, profitability of energy recovery can be established in 600 to 700 landfills among about 6,000 landfills. The methane recovery is practically conducted at more than 120 landfills. The recovered methane is used as a power generation fuel. 45 refs., 43 figs., 27 tabs.

Environmental science, petroleum engineer`s view. CO2 gas reduction technologies for global warming prevention; Sekiyu gijutsusha no shiten kara no kankyo kagaku. Chikyu ondanka eno taio no tame no CO{sub 2} yokusei gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nomura, K [Tokyo (Japan)

1998-08-01

This paper discusses the techniques concerning diesel engines for cogeneration systems, techniques concerning fuel consumption-saving type lubricating oils and techniques concerning oil refineries, out of the CO2 emission control (energy saving) techniques for coping with the global warming which the petroleum engineers are now tackling. The paper introduces CO2 emission control techniques using a petroleum cogeneration system and studies on NOx removing techniques using catalysts as the techniques concerning diesel engines; techniques for reducing friction loss, which occurs in an engine and a transmission, by improving the recipes of lubricating oils and the development of novel friction modifiers as the fuel consumption-saving type lubricating oil techniques; and the CO2 separating techniques using a system for recovering the low-temperature waste heat produced in petroleum refinement with a high efficiency, or using a solid film such as a molecular sieve as the energy-saving techniques used in oil refineries. 18 refs., 8 figs., 1 tab.

Prediction on global warming-up. Chikyu ondanka wo yosokusuru

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Noda, A [Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba (Japan)

1993-05-01

This paper introduces models to predict global warming-up caused by greenhouse effect of the earth and increase in greenhouse effect gases, and the prediction results. As a result of CO2 doubling experiments using three-dimensional climate models in predicting the global warming-up, a model that predicted a sharp rise in annual average ground temperatures on the entire earth showed a larger increase in precipitation. According to the result of the CO2 doubling experiments using atmosphere-ocean coupling models, it was learned that the temperature rises higher in high latitude regions rather than rising uniformly over the earth on the whole. The fact that the temperature rise when CO2 has been doubled in a CO2 gradually increasing experiment is smaller than in the doubling experiment can be understood as a delaying effect of oceans generated from their thermal inertia. The former experiment showed a remarkable non-symmetry between the Southern and Northern hemispheres, reflecting the effect of the great oceanic circulation. Increase in cloud amount has an effect of either cooling or warming the earth, but the cooling effect surpasses the warming effect reportedly. Sulfuric acid aerosol in the troposphere is thought to influence the process of solar radiation transmitting through the atmosphere and have an effect to cool down the ground surface. 12 refs., 6 figs.

Optical sensors for earth observation. Chikyu kansokuyo kogaku sensor

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ono, A [National Research Laboratory of Metrology, Tsukuba (Japan)

1991-10-10

Developments are made on an optical imager (ASTER) used to collect mainly images of land areas and an infrared sounder (IMG) to measure vertical air temperature distribution and vertical concentration distribution of specific gases, as satellite mounted sensors for earth observation. All the sensor characteristics of the ASTER comprising a visible near infrared radiometer, short wave infrared radiometer and thermal infrared radiometer are required to be capable of providing measurement, evaluation and assurance at the required accuracies during the entire life time. A problem to be solved is how to combine the on-ground calibration prior to launching, on-satellite calibration, and calibration between the test site and the sensors. The IMG is a Fourier transform spectroscopic infrared sounder, which is demanded of a high wave resolution over extended periods of time as well as a high radiation measuring capability. Also required are the level elevation of analysis algorithms to solve inverse problems from the observed radiation spectra, and the data base with high accuracy. 19 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.

Reincarnation platn of globe. Chikyu saisei keikaku ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsuyama, T. (Agency of Natural Resources and Energy, Tokyo (Japan))

1990-11-30

The period of 200 years since the Industrial Revolution has taken for the occurence of global warming up problem, and it may require to face the problem comprehensively and for long period of 100 years unit to resolve it. This reincarnation plan of globe aims to reincarnate the changed global environment hereafter by using time of about 100 years, and proposes to make the comprehensive and long term actions to suppress and reduce exhaust gases resulting the greenhouse effect by the cooperation of all nations in the world. In the former 50 years, feasible countermeasures such as deepenung of scientific knowkedges, promotion of worldwide energy saving, introduction of clean energy, development of revolutional environmental technology, expansion of CO {sub 2} absorbing sources, and technological development of energy for the next generation will be executed continuously. In the latter 50 years, the gas exhausting amount resulting the green house effect will be reduced and suppressed from these results. Owing to these measures, the reduction of gas resulting the greenhouse effect which exceeds the expectation, can clean the globe after 100 years because the cleaning results will be incorporated into the natural circulation and the green globe will be reincarnated. 1 fig., 1 tab

Global warming and coral reefs. Chikyu ondanka to sangosho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kayane, H [Geological Survey of Japan, Tokyo (Japan)

1991-09-01

A summary is described with respect to the relation of the global warming with coral reefs on the environmental estimation based on the sea level rise, and the development of counter-technologies utilizing the CO{sub 2} fixing capability of coral reefs. if no measures are taken to reduce discharge of greenhouse effective gases, the air temperature will rise by 1{degree}C by the year 2025, and 3{degree}C by 2100. The thermal expansion of sea water and partial melting of land ice caused from the said temperature rise will cause the annual sea level rising speed to climb to 6 mm in the next century. It is estimated that the sea level will be elevated higher by 25 cm by the year 2025, 65 cm by 2100, and the maximum of 1 m than the present level. The upward growth rate of reef ridges is between 1m and 4m in 1000 years, and the growth of reef rides as the frameworks of coral reefs and lime alga ridges can not catch up the sea level rise of 6 mm/year. This may cause a possibility of sea water erosion or inundation. As a possible contermeasure, an expectation is placed on structuring coral reef eco-factories which may be possible as a result of elucidating the CO{sub 2} fixing mechanism in coral reefs and utilizing the capability to its maximum. 23 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Ultra-Fine Friction Grinding of Sunflower Kernels – Thereof Tahini and Halva Production and Rheological Characterization

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Emil RACOLŢA

2016-11-01

Full Text Available Tahini is a paste obtained by milling the roasted sunflower kernel. Usually, a time and energy consuming two-steps process is involved, a three-roll refiner and a beating machine. The aim of this work was to identify and test a milling process for roasted sunflower kernels with lower time and energy consumption. Different particle size sunflower tahini and halva samples were produced by Ultra-Fine Friction Grinding machine Masuko Sangyo “Supermasscolloider” MKCA6-2 and compared to standard technology. The rheological properties of tahini and textural parameters of halva were assessed. Rheological analysis revealed that all tahini samples produced by “Supermasscolloider” showed a different viscosity profile, as compared to control, the sample milled with the gap set at 100µm being the most viscous and the one at 200µm being the most fluid. When testing the halva samples texture, the sample obtained from the tahini milled at 200µm was clearly highlighted as having the lowest hardness values, while the other samples showed similar texture profiles. The feasibility of using an Ultra-Fine Friction Grinding machine for obtaining sunflower tahini and thereof halva with improved textural properties, was assessed successfully.

Globalization of shipbuilding; Zosen sangyo no kokusaika

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saito, T. [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1995-01-01

This paper outlines a historical change in the shipbuilding industry and describes the features of the shipbuilding industry and the problem and prospect for internationalization. The financial panic in the early years of Showa and World War II caused a destructive damage to the shipbuilding industry in Japan. However, the shipbuilding industry has held the first rank in the world for an annual shipbuilding rate since 1956. A change in the world demand is exceedingly unstable. With 1975 in the peak, the facilities have been reduced to about one-half, and the personnel to about one-fourth. The shipbuilding industry that has already attained to maturity must be more rationalized. Moreover, it requires the demand cultivation and new product creation in the wide field of a very high speed cargo boat, luxury passenger boat, automated boat, and energy-saving boat. The competitive power in price must be improved by modernization, informationalization, and systematization (i.e., various facilities and robots at the factory). Especially, short- and long-term policies and prospects must be proposed in consideration of rationalization and high precision of the welding that occupies the greater part of the shipbuilding industry. 6 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 report of investigation. Project for promoting international cooperation for global environment/Project for assessment on effect of climate change; 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo kokusai kyoryoku suishin jigyo / kiko hendo eikyo hyoka nado jigyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Assessment and examination were conducted on the scientific/technological aspect, environmental aspect and economic/social aspect concerning measures for mitigating climate change, as a part of international cooperation in global warming issues. In the development of assessment methods for cost analysis, it revealed that, in the activities for mitigating emission of greenhouse effect gases (GHG) or for increasing carbon sequestration, benefits of the mitigation sometimes surpassed their cost, allowing the society to benefit from the mitigation. In the examination of problems in technology transfer and their solutions, it was found that, in order to attain successful transfer, partnership among the parties interested was essential and that each government was capable of promoting such partnership. In the assessment of various policy options, the situation in the U.S. is such that the market aspect of GHG emission permit and credit trading is rather weak because of immaturity in a legal framework on GHG emission trading and because of undefinedness in the systems of the Kyoto Protocol and in the possibility of its validation. However, the reason enterprises are actively participating in the early market is that they plan a risk-hedge for example in anticipation of tighter regulations in the future. (NEDO)

Achievement report on development of global warming prevention related technologies in fiscal 1998. Development of environment harmonizing type dye finishing technology; 1998 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi kanren gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata senshoku seiri gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The dye finishing operation in the textile industry places heavy load on the global environment. This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 1998 on development of process to eliminate the load. Low-temperature plasma treatment was introduced into the desizing and refining process to develop a continuous treatment process using no water and chemicals. Quality equivalent to that produced by conventional methods was obtained by applying an appropriate plasma treatment condition. The energy saving rate was presented by reduction by 84.3% converted into steam. Conventional dye finishing operation uses three to six times as much water as the cloth weight. The developed air flow treatment device reduced the water ratio to less than one. This is 86.0% reduction of energy consumption converted to steam. In removing pectic substance in cotton refining, no water, chemicals and steam were used, but were substituted by enzyme for continuous treatment. Good finishing result was obtained by performing bleaching and dying. Enzyme cost is an issue, but the cost would decrease if it is used in large quantity. A two-dimensional colorimeter (measures cloth color with high clarity and reproducibility) and an automatic dye preparing device (with high volume measuring performance) were developed. If the cost required for re-coloring under the present inspection method is converted into energy, it corresponds to 81.6% reduction. (NEDO)

Geochemical and Mineralogical Profiles Across the Listvenite- Metamorphic Transition in the Basal Megathrust of the Oman Ophiolite: First Results from Drilling at Oman Drilling Project Hole BT1B

Science.gov (United States)

Godard, M.; Bennett, E.; Carter, E.; Kourim, F.; Lafay, R.; Noël, J.; Kelemen, P. B.; Michibayashi, K.; Harris, M.

2017-12-01

The transition from the base of the Oman ophiolite to the underlying metamorphic sole was drilled at Hole BT1B (Sumail Massif) during Phase 1 of Oman Drilling Project (Winter 2016-2017). 74 samples were collected from the 300m of recovered cores for whole rock geochemical and XRD analyses. 55 listvenites, ophicarbonates and serpentinites, and 19 schists and greenstones were analyzed for major and minor elements (XRF) and for CO2 and S concentrations (CHNS) aboard DV Chikyu (ChikyuOman, Summer 2017). Analyses for trace elements (ICP-MS) at the University of Montpellier are in progress. The composition of listvenites, ophicalcites and serpentinites recovered at Hole BT1B record extensive interactions between CO2-rich fluids and the serpentinized peridotites. These reactions involved addition of SiO2 and formation of carbonates at the expense of the serpentinized peridotite protolith. All samples recovered from the mantle section are enriched in fluid mobile and incompatible trace elements compared to the mean composition of the Oman mantle. These enrichments are up to 103 times the Oman mantle for Rb and Ba. They mimic the pattern of the samples from the metamorphic sole. This suggests that the composition of the listvenites in these elements is controlled by that of contaminating fluids that may have originated in the same lithologies as those drilled at the base of Hole BT1B. Listvenites, ophicalcites and serpentinites also show notable downhole chemical variations, with listvenites showing marked variations in Al2O3 and TiO2. Occurrence of lherzolites and cpx-harzburgites has been reported at the base of the Oman dominantly harzburgitic mantle section. The observed variations in the listvenites (Al2O3 and TiO2) could be related to the composition of their protolith, the deepest having more fertile compositions. Alternatively, the observed downhole changes in the composition of listvenites may relate to the progressive equilibration of the reacting ultramafic

Lower crustal section of the Oman Ophiolite drilled in Hole GT1A, ICDP Oman Drilling Project

Science.gov (United States)

Umino, S.; Kelemen, P. B.; Matter, J. M.; Coggon, J. A.; Takazawa, E.; Michibayashi, K.; Teagle, D. A. H.

2017-12-01

Hole GT1A (22° 53.535'N, 58° 30.904'E) was drilled by the Oman Drilling Project (OmDP) into GT1A of the Samail ophiolite, Oman. OmDP is an international collaboration supported by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program, the Deep Carbon Observatory, NSF, IODP, JAMSTEC, and the European, Japanese, German and Swiss Science Foundations, with in-kind support in Oman from the Ministry of Regional Municipalities and Water Resources, Public Authority of Mining, Sultan Qaboos University, and the German University of Technology. Hole GT1A was diamond cored in 22 Jan to 08 Feb 2017 to a total depth of 403.05 m. The outer surfaces of the cores were imaged and described on site before being curated, boxed and shipped to the IODP drill ship Chikyu, where they underwent comprehensive visual and instrumental analysis. Hole GT1A drilled the lower crustal section in the southern Oman Ophiolite and recovered 401.52 m of total cores (99.6% recovery). The main lithology is dominated by olivine gabbro (65.9%), followed in abundance by olivine-bearing gabbro (21.5%) and olivine melagabbro (3.9%). Minor rock types are orthopyroxene-bearing olivine gabbro (2.4%), oxide-bearing olivine gabbro (1.5%), gabbro (1.1%), anorthositic gabbro (1%), troctolitic gabbro (0.8%); orthopyroxene-bearing gabbro (0.5%), gabbronorite (0.3%); and dunite (0.3%). These rocks are divided into Lithologic Unit I to VII at 26.62 m, 88.16 m, 104.72 m, 154.04 m, 215.22 m, 306.94 m in Chikyu Curated Depth in descending order; Unit I and II consist of medium-grained olivine gabbro with lower olivine abundance in Unit II. Unit III is medium-grained olivine melagabbros, marked by an increase in olivine. Unit IV is relatively homogenous medium-grained olivine gabbros with granular textures. Unit V is identified by the appearance of fine-grained gabbros, but the major rocktypes are medium grained olivine gabbros. Unit VI is medium-grained olivine gabbro, marked by appearance of orthopyroxene. Unit VII

Drilling the leading edge of the mantle wedge and the underlying metamorphic sole of the Samail Ophiolite: Hole BT1B, Oman Drilling Project

Science.gov (United States)

Morishita, T.; Kelemen, P. B.; Coggon, J. A.; Harris, M.; Matter, J. M.; Michibayashi, K.; Takazawa, E.; Teagle, D. A. H.

2017-12-01

Hole BT1B (23°21.861' N, 58°10.957' E) was drilled by the Oman Drilling Project (OmDP) on the north side of Wadi Mansah in the Samail ophiolite, Oman. OmDP is an international collaboration supported by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program, Deep Carbon Observatory, NSF, IODP, JAMSTEC, and the European, Japanese, German and Swiss Science Foundations, with in-kind support in Oman from the Ministry of Regional Municipalities and Water Resources, Public Authority of Mining, Sultan Qaboos University, and the German University of Technology. Hole BT1B was cored from 6 to 23 March 2017, to a depth of 300.05 m. The outer surfaces of the cores were imaged and described onsite before being curated, boxed and shipped to the IODP drill ship Chikyu. Hole BT1B sampled carbonated peridotite (listvenite), 2 carbonate-veined serpentinite bands at 80-100 and 180-185 m depth, a few cm of ultracataclasite and 70 cm of fault gouge at 197 m depth, followed by 103 m metamorphic sole. Onboard Chikyu, BT1B underwent X-ray computed tomography (CT) and multi-sensor logging, imaging and spectroscopy, macroscopic and thin section observations, physical properties measurements, and XRF, XRD and ICP-MS analyses. 1st authors of abstracts reporting initial results are Beinlich (matrix characteristics), de Obeso (modeling mass transfer), Godard (XRF and ICP-MS whole rock data), Greenberger (infrared spectroscopy), Johnson (XRF core scanner), Kelemen (overall petrology), Manning (veins), and Michibayashi (X-ray CT). Listvenite is composed of carbonate + quartz + Fe-oxyhydroxides, + minor relict spinel ± chromian mica (fuchsite). The mineralogy suggests formation at < 150°C. The bulk rock density is similar to that of gabbro but the P-wave velocity is generally higher. Rock textures suggest viscous deformation, while additional brittle deformation is recorded by older veins and younger breccias and faults. The metamorphic sole consists of fine-grained to microcrystalline

Space industries and energy. Uchu sangyo to energy

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kishimoto, K [Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1991-09-05

The following items are described with the problem of assuring energy required in space as the main subject: (1) Supplying energy for transportation in the space has no other way but to depent on combustion of propulsion chemicals, for which liquefied hydrogen and liquefied oxygen preserved in the space would be most suitable. Energy required for spatial position adjustment of a flying object itself, life maintenance and substance manufacturing in the space would be supplied from electricity. (2) To summarize, satisfying the energy requirement in the space would require availability of electricity, hydrogen and oxygen. Electricity could be supplied from photovoltaic generation, but meeting an aggregate power requirement at a certain moment will require an auxiliary battery, for which again hydrogen and oxygen fuel cells would be used. A conception is proposed for the hydrogen and oxygen supply base in the space, that a plant will be built to manufacture hydrogen and oxygen from water transported from the earth using the solar heat. 2 figs.

Global warming and sea level rise. Chikyu Ondanka to kaimen josho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mimura, N [Ibaraki University, Ibaraki (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1993-10-15

This paper describes the following matters on the problems of global warming and sea level rise. The first evaluation report published by the inter-government panel on climate change (IPCC) in 1990 estimates that, if emission of greenhouse effect gas keeps increasing at the present rate, the air temperature and the average sea level would rise by 3[degree]C and 65 centimeters, respectively by 2100. Global warming would not only result in rise of the sea level, but also accompany changes in strengths and routes of tropical low pressure areas, and precipitation patterns. Downstream areas of large rivers and island countries on coral reefs may have a risk of getting submerged. Countries having coasts developed to high densities (Japan, for example) would be subjected to a high potential effect. An 'East Hemisphere International Conference on Sea Level Rising Problem' was held in Japan in August 1993 as part of the works to prepare the second evaluation report of the IPCC (publication scheduled for 1995). The conference was attended by 24 countries, and 43 study results were reported. 4 figs.

Fiscal 1998 R and D project on global environmental industrial technology. Research result report on DNA analysis and information processing technology for photosynthesis microorganisms (Development of CO{sub 2} fixation and effective use technology by using bacteria and algae); 1998 nendo chikyu kankyo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo. Kogosei biseibutsu nado DNA kaiseki joho shori gijutsu no kenkyu (saikin sorui nado riyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1998 research result on DNA analysis and information processing technology for photosynthesis microorganisms. On the study on DNA analysis technology by triple-strand formation method, as the comparison study result of a READ method, stable triple- strand formation method and hairpin method, a READ method showed the highest triple-strand formation efficiency for target DNA. On the study on accurate separation technology of specific genes, establishment of protocols was promoted for solid-phase probe technology, subtract technology and leveling technology. On the study on DNA microarray analysis technology by high-efficiency hybridization method, the analysis technology of genes by hybridization method using DNA chips is under investigation. In addition, the high- efficiency analysis technology of specific DNA segments by using an affinity sensor, and the high-accuracy cloning technology for DNA with altered primary structure were also studied. (NEDO)

Environmental health surveillance system; Kankyo hoken surveillance system

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ono, M. [National Inst. for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba (Japan)

1998-02-01

The Central Environmental Pollution Prevention Council pointed out the necessity to establish an environmental health surveillance system (hereinafter referred to as System) in its report `on the first type district specified by the Environmental Pollution Caused Health Damages Compensation Act,` issued in 1986. A study team, established in Environment Agency, has been discussing to establish System since 1986. This paper outlines System, and some of the pilot surveillance results. It is not aimed at elucidation of the cause-effect relationships between health and air pollution but at discovery of problems, in which the above relationships in a district population are monitored periodically and continuously from long-term and prospective viewpoints, in order to help take necessary measures in the early stage. System is now collecting the data of the chronic obstructive lung diseases on a nation-wide scale through health examinations of 3-year-old and preschool children and daily air pollution monitoring. 6 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.

How to save the earth from warming. Chikyu ondanka wo sukuu michi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nitta, Y [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1994-06-15

Two articles of 'Methods of saving the earth from warming' and 'We can be friends of the earth' are included in this report. The former gives a plain explanation of some points in these articles in consideration of global warming drawing general concern. The first is to reduce the amount of warming gases. For example, if the houses of Asahikawa Specifications are built in Tokyo, the energy required for air conditioning is reduced down to 1/3 - 1/7 of the one in ordinary houses. The second is to exhaust no warming gases by substituting natural energy sources for fossile fuels. The third is to fix CO2 and, in this respect, vegetable factories combined with bionics may be useful. The latter introduces dreams such as air conditioning utilizing solar energy, self-supporting houses, solar bicycles, and super energy-saving cars applied with various kinds of natural energy for the purpose of being used as energy harmless to the earth. Furthermore, it suggests the concepts of super energy-saving and wasteless equipment and systems in the title of E[sup 3] technology. 2 refs., 7 figs.

Photodegradable plastics useful for global environment conservation. Chikyu ni yasashii hikaribunkaisei plastic

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Iwasa, T. (Harima Kasei K.K., Osaka (Japan))

1991-10-11

Photodegradable plastics and their additives were explained.Two methods are used to manufacture photodegradable plastics.The first method is made by using a copolymer and a monomer containing a functional group and the second method is made by adding a photodegradable agent to an undecomposable plastics.The copolymer based on ethylene and carbon monoxide is included in the first type. The copolymer based on the vinyl ketone to which the carboxyl group is introduced, and ethylene or styrene is also included in this type. A metal dithiocarbamate is included in the second additive type, for which several methods to improve weak points of the pigment compounding system have been proposed later. Benzophenone derivatives, transition metal salts of organic acids and anatase type titanium dioxide are also included in the second type. Any additives are usually supplied as the masterbatch. The performance evaluation and degrading mechanism of ferric tri(2-(methylbenzoyl)benzoate) of adittion type additives were explained. 8 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on the preceding research related to global environment industry technologies. Survey and research on reduction of nitrogen monoxide; 1998 nendo chikyu sangyo gijutsu ni kakawaru sendo kenkyu asanka chisso no haishutsu teigen ni kansuru chosa kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Nitrogen monoxide is a strong greenhouse effect gas having warming up index per molecule 300 times greater than that of CO2, and is designated as the object of reduction in the Kyoto Conference. The present preceding research discusses necessity of performing research and development works related to reducing the emission of nitrogen monoxide, and if it is necessary, places the final objective on proposition of what researches should be planned. Fiscal 1997 being the first fiscal year of the preceding research has surveyed emission amount from different emission sources, and enumerated the research and development assignments. Fiscal 1998 falling under the final fiscal year summarizes the emission amount including the future trends, surveys the feasibility of the promising technological measures through experiments, and proposed finally a research and development plan desired of implementation in the future. The proposal contains a research plan placing development of nitrogen monoxide decomposing catalysts and automobile catalysts as the main objectives. Among the domestic nitrogen monoxide generating sources, about 2/3 is the man-made generation sources, hence catalysts, if developed, may be applied to such facilities as combustion furnaces. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the investigational research on the evaluation of a global energy system as global environmental protection technology. 2; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (chikyu kankyo taisaku gijutsu to shite no global energy system no hyoka ni kansuru chosa kenkyu). 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

An energy supply system which is globally formed for global environmental protection is called a global energy system (GES), in which to achieve substantial CO2 reduction, various measures against CO2 are introduced to energy systems extending from places of fuel supply to places of fuel consumption. For the study of a scenario for introduction such a GES, it is necessary to investigate the GES presently proposed and make a traverse evaluation of it under uniform preconditions and evaluation criteria. Concretely, following a case study of evaluating performance of the GES with a power system as the final form from viewpoints of economy, energy balance, CO2 emissions, etc., the paper arranged characteristics of liquid fuel supply systems including methanol from a traverse aspect, made evaluation of performance and possibilities of the introduction in the areas concretely named, and studied positioning of this energy system, scenario for the future introduction and possibilities of the introduction from global and long-term aspects. 79 refs., 102 figs., 77 tabs.

Survey of history/succession of industrial technology. Book of survey of the domestic industrial technology which contributed greatly to the industrial development; Sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa. Sangyo no hatten ni okiku kiyoshita kokunai sangyo gijutsu no chosahen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper surveyed a history of the industrial technology development which contributed to the innovation of technology in Japan for contribution to the future selection of technical themes and decision on developmental methods. In accordance with the increasing contribution of the Japanese industrial technology to scientific and economic activities in Japan and abroad, it is important to clarify a historical significance of the industrial technology and to make the most of results of the survey for the future succession/development of industrial technology. The survey focused on chemical processes brought up as the Japanese industrial technology which is regarded as world-famous and on the systematical study of the history of the Japanese scientific technology. Hereafter, this becomes a guiding principle for engineers. The paper arranged the survey results of production processes of 2-ethylhexanol, acrylic acid, acrylamide, and cresol/resorcinol, optical resolution process of amino acids, and flue gas desulfurization process. The paper also surveyed technologies of ammonia synthesis, coal liquefaction, high polymer film production and synthesis of medical raw materials. The results were obtained which are suggestive for developing creative/original technology. 210 refs., 93 figs., 49 tabs.

Report on the achievements in fiscal 1999. Surveys on the foundation for establishing industrial technology strategies (Foundation and environment improving strategies - an overall survey); 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa hokokusho. Kiban kankyo seibi senryaku (zentai chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Surveys were performed on the foundation for technological innovation in Japan and other countries. Main findings obtained from the actual state survey were compiled from the two aspects of 'items having difference in international comparison' and 'main findings by nucleuses and functions'. In order to activate the economy stagnated in the 1980's, America has developed strong industrial technology policies under the initiative of the government to strengthen the competitive edge, and the result thereof appears linking with the briskness in the today's U.S. economy. In Japan, the non-competitive fund distributed uniformly to national universities and national research institutes accounts for the majority in the governmental research fund. In contrast, many of the research funds of the U.S. government are the competitive fund, whereas researchers perform their research works using these funds, including their own labor cost, and the competition is intense. America is regarded to have put a huge amount of national defense research expense and space development research expense into private business entities, which are playing a large role in developing advanced technologies. A great amount of governmental fund is injected concentratedly into researches of health, medical and bio-technologies. (NEDO)

Report on the achievements in fiscal 1999. Surveys on the foundation for establishing industrial technology strategies (Foundation and environment improving strategies - an overall survey); 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa hokokusho. Kiban kankyo seibi senryaku (zentai chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Surveys were performed on the foundation for technological innovation in Japan and other countries. Main findings obtained from the actual state survey were compiled from the two aspects of 'items having difference in international comparison' and 'main findings by nucleuses and functions'. In order to activate the economy stagnated in the 1980's, America has developed strong industrial technology policies under the initiative of the government to strengthen the competitive edge, and the result thereof appears linking with the briskness in the today's U.S. economy. In Japan, the non-competitive fund distributed uniformly to national universities and national research institutes accounts for the majority in the governmental research fund. In contrast, many of the research funds of the U.S. government are the competitive fund, whereas researchers perform their research works using these funds, including their own labor cost, and the competition is intense. America is regarded to have put a huge amount of national defense research expense and space development research expense into private business entities, which are playing a large role in developing advanced technologies. A great amount of governmental fund is injected concentratedly into researches of health, medical and bio-technologies. (NEDO)

Environment purification using microorganisms. Biseibutsu ni yoru kankyo joka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tanaka, H [Asahi Glass Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Harada, S

1993-12-01

Technologies to purify polluted soils vary with kinds of pollutants, spread of pollution, and shapes of water veins. A method is used often that several wells are drilled in a polluted area, and water is circulated between upstream wells and downstream wells, where activities of microorganisms living in that particular environment are utilized to biodegrade the pollutants. This technology is called bioremediation. This paper deals with soil pollution by chemical substances, and describes development of a technology to remove pollution caused by PCB and petroleum which is thought difficult to apply the bioremediation technology among environment purifying technologies using microorganisms. The bioremediation of petroleum pollution assumes petroleum pollution on seashores. Discussions have been given on separation from sea water of petroleum decomposing microorganisms to be used in the bioremediation, and the number of petroleum decomposing bacteria in seas near Japan. As a result, it was made clear that a few kinds of bacteria will suffice for decomposition of main components in a mixture as complex as petroleum. 5 refs., 4 figs.

Environment of developing countries. ; Centered around 1992 white paper or environment. Kaihatsu tojokoku no kankyo. ; 1992 nenban kankyo hakusho wo chushin ni shite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takiguchi, N [Environment Agency, Tokyo (Japan)

1992-12-01

The present paper outlines the present situation of environment of developing countries, factors causing environmental devastation, and the influence in the international linkage as described in 1992 White Paper on Environment. The present environmental devastation is originated from national poverty. In general, as the results of imposing excessive pressure on the natural environment accompanying the increase of population or causing urban pollution due to the movement or densification of population, poverty brings about the reduction and devastation of forest, deterioration of soil, desertification, contamination of air and rivers, causing miserable situation. Prawn culture as primary export industry damages mangrove woods, and causes water pollution. Industrial development is rapidly spreading pollution of water and air. As for international relations, the net transfer amount of money in the flow of funds between advanced countries and developing countries is in the direction from the latter to the former due to payment of debts. In enforcing direct investment or overseas development aid projects, advanced countries must be aware of their responsibility, make efforts in grasping the situations of aided countries and perform sufficient environmental assessment. 5 refs., 8 figs., 11 tabs.

Report on an industrial machinery engineering policy study meeting. Studies on new energy industries; Sangyo kikai engineering seisaku kenkyukai (shin energy sangyo no kenkyu) hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-07-01

Effects extended to industrial areas by new energy development were analyzed by using the industrial relation table. Technological development of new energies can mass-produce energy without being restricted by energy resource availability, and retaining manufacturing facilities can exhibit energy reserve function with security. The technologies may be suitable for local energy supply. In the aspects of industrial policies and people's living, demands on diversification and improvement of the people's living may be responded, levels of scientific technologies may be enhanced, and contribution to improving the industrial structure may be expected. The energy industry includes a large number of related industries and has vast related areas. A large number of technology induced effects can be expected in the course of research and development. A market of huge size may be estimated in the future, by which level elevation of the industrial structure would be supported. Early promotion of the new energy development is an urgent assignment for the 1980's. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to promote research and development, proliferation and practical application, for which the physical strength of the present Japan must be utilized to its maximum in making human and fund investments. Expansion and improvement in the industrialization infrastructures are also important, whereas the government's subsidies must be increased, and vitality in the private sector must be incorporated into organized force. (NEDO)

Report on an industrial machinery engineering policy study meeting. Studies on new energy industries; Sangyo kikai engineering seisaku kenkyukai (shin energy sangyo no kenkyu) hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1979-07-01

Effects extended to industrial areas by new energy development were analyzed by using the industrial relation table. Technological development of new energies can mass-produce energy without being restricted by energy resource availability, and retaining manufacturing facilities can exhibit energy reserve function with security. The technologies may be suitable for local energy supply. In the aspects of industrial policies and people's living, demands on diversification and improvement of the people's living may be responded, levels of scientific technologies may be enhanced, and contribution to improving the industrial structure may be expected. The energy industry includes a large number of related industries and has vast related areas. A large number of technology induced effects can be expected in the course of research and development. A market of huge size may be estimated in the future, by which level elevation of the industrial structure would be supported. Early promotion of the new energy development is an urgent assignment for the 1980's. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to promote research and development, proliferation and practical application, for which the physical strength of the present Japan must be utilized to its maximum in making human and fund investments. Expansion and improvement in the industrialization infrastructures are also important, whereas the government's subsidies must be increased, and vitality in the private sector must be incorporated into organized force. (NEDO)

NanTroSEIZE: The IODP Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Harold J. Tobin

2006-03-01

Full Text Available The IODP Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE will, for the fi rst time ever, attempt to drill into, sample, and instrument the seismogenic portion of a plate-boundary fault or megathrust within a subduction zone. Access to the interior of active faults where in situ processes can be monitored and fresh fault zone materials can be sampled is of fundamental importance to the understanding of earthquake mechanics. As the December 2004 Sumatraearthquake and Indian Ocean tsunami so tragically demonstrated,large subduction earthquakes represent one of the greatest natural hazards on the planet. Accordingly, drilling into and instrumenting an active interplate seismogenic zone is a very high priority in the IODP Initial Science Plan (2001. Through a decade-long series of national and international workshops, a consensus emerged that the Nankai Trough is an ideal place to attempt drilling and monitoring of the seismogenic plate interface. The fi rst phase of NanTroSEIZE drilling operations has now been scheduled for the late summer of 2007. It involves parallel deployment of both the new U.S. Scientifi c Ocean Drilling Vessel (SODV, this volume and the riser drilling vessel Chikyu.

Changing project finance climate; Project finance wo meguru kankyo henka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Madono, S. [The Export-Import Bank of Japan, Tokyo (Japan)

1998-03-01

Development of conditions under which project financing (PF) functions is described. PF, a method with which funds are procured for a project on the security of the assets of and the cash flow involving the project, established its position as a popular financial means. Into the 1990, however, PF underwent a complete change, when it came to be actively employed as a means for the procurement of money for what is called `infrastructure building project for invigorating the private sector` in the developing countries. PF has now come to be utilized for the financing of projects in various fields besides the field of resources exploitation. In particular, PF is now utilized in schemes such as BOT (build, operate, transfer) in public enterprises, for instance, electric power utilities in developing countries. The gravest problem found in the private sector invigorating type PF is that the sponsor, operator, exporter, and lender on their respective levels are experiencing rising risks because of intensified competition in the presence of a great number of projects. Such risks involve the exchange rate, the completion of work, and the relations between the borrower and operator. 2 figs.

Significance of United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED). Chikyu summit no igi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimizu, T [Ministry of Construction, Tokyo (Japan)

1992-10-01

On the significance of UNCED, the background, the results of the conference and the reflection to the construction administration were described. The causes of global environmental problems such as the global warming, the ozone layer destruction and the decrease of forests can mainly be classified into 3. These are the problem of socio-economic activities of advanced countries such as mass production, mass consumption and mass dumping, the problem originating from the poverty in developing countries and the problem originating from the interests between advanced countries and developing countries. The main results in the UNCED were as follows: the signature to the two conventions as to the climate change and the biological diversity, the statement as to the principle for forests, the Rio Declaration which should be said to be the world constitution concerning the environment and development, and the adoption of the Agenda 21 of the draft which summarized the policies and measures. The Agenda 21 includes the fund, the technology transfer and the organization problems. In order to reflect these problems to the construction administration, it is necessary to promote the energy policy, the establishment of efficient traffic system, the effective land utilization, the appropriate management of river spaces, the urban policy and the recycling of resources.

Research cooperation in the development of laser radar for environmental measurements. Environmental network; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku. Kankyo network

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Among the research cooperation in the development of laser radar for environmental measurements with Indonesia between FY 1993 and FY 1996, results of the research and development of the environmental network are summarized. For the environmental information network, the Tokyo NOC is linked as an Internet connection point in Japan with the Jakarta NOC using an international dedicated line with a capacity of 64 Kbps. The Tokyo NOC is linked with domestic environmental information researchers using Internet. Thus, data stored in the data processing system of laser radar can be exchanged, information in both countries can be exchanged using E-mail, and data can be accumulated. For the research cooperation with Indonesia, research of path control and information relay server, research of effective transmission of data on the network, and research of multimedia communication have been conducted. The multimedia communication, distributed processing, and extension of dedicated line network using PPTP have been also conducted. 39 figs., 4 tabs.

Report on technological achievements in fiscal 1999. Institutions for research and development of new environmental industry creating type technologies (Development of hybrid construction machines); 1999 nendo shinki kankyo sangyo soshutsugata gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seido seika hokokusho. Hybrid kensetsu kiki no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Energy efficiency of construction machines is extremely low, because engines cannot follow sudden load changes. Solution is sought by developing a construction machine using as the motive force source a hybrid unit composed of an engine, a generator and batteries. The activities were advanced in the following five fields: (1) analysis on loads on existing construction machines, (2) development of hybrid move force unit, (3) development of an actuator device, (4) development of a control system, and (5) development of a hybrid construction machine simulating system. In Item (1), a control work on a 6-ton class hydraulic shovel was selected as a representative work, whereas the work was divided into seven modes to measure such output characteristics as fuel consumption and actuator output in each work, and the standard work load modes were established. In Item (2), motive force in the set load modes was measured to discover functional requirements on the motive force unit. In Item (5), the simulation model for the existing machines was used to evaluate the fuel consumption performance of the motive force unit. (NEDO)

Survey report for fiscal 1999 on foundation of strategy formation for industrial technologies. Strategy of foundation and environment buildup (Further into support for technological innovation); 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa hokokusho. Kiban kankyo senryaku gijutsu kakushin shien shisaku shinkutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Surveyed are the roles of the government, important for environmental buildup for technological innovation. The U.S. research and development support programs are classed into contracts, grants, cooperative agreements, and CRADAs (Cooperative Research and Development Agreements). The government financially supports the first three, but not CRADA. It provides CRADA with manpower, facilities, and resources. The research and development (R-and-D) appropriation not for national defense in the U.S. fiscal 2000 budget is up 36% to $39.4 billion occupying 50.6% of the total R-and-D expense. The basic research appropriation is given the highest priority, enjoying an increase of 4.7% to $18.1 billion. In the U.S., taxation for R-and-D expenses is done in two ways. One is a research expense tax deduction system under which R-and-D expense is handled as a cost, a subject of deduction. The other is a research and experiment tax deduction system under which a certain percentage of R-and-D increment is free of taxation. NEDO's (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) system for national R-and-D projects is scheduled to change extensively upon reorganization of the government ministries and agencies in January, 2001. Under the circumstances, the current and future systems of the state supports for R-and-D are outlined, and the position of NEDO in them is clarified. The R-and-D systems of the entrusted businesses and the problems they contain are also described. (NEDO)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999. Survey and research on the status quo of environmental industries and transfer of environmental technology to foreign countries; 1999 nendo kankyo sangyo no genjo to kaigai gijutsu iten eno taio ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Active contributions of private business enterprises are expected for international approaches to global environment problems. The objectives of this survey are: to extract and put into order various issues in practically using, proliferating, and transferring the environmental technologies developed or possessed by private business enterprises in Japan; and to survey and research the institutional and financial systems as measures to solve the problems. Chapter 1 identifies and puts into order the Japanese approaches toward the global environment problems, particularly the reduction of greenhouse effect gas emission, and the problems carried by the private business enterprises. Chapter 2 takes up environmental technologies being at the demonstration phase and the practical application phase to investigate possibilities of transfer of the technologies to foreign countries. It considers the problems in transferring the technologies, and the means of solution thereof, describing simultaneously the past successful cases. Chapter 3 indicates the measures that Japan should work on when promoting the transfer of its environmental technologies. Chapter 4 surveys and studies the ways the assistance measures in financial aspect should be. Chapter 5 summarizes expectations on the roles to be played by NEDO. (NEDO)

An off-line automated preconcentration system with ethylenediaminetriacetate chelating resin for the determination of trace metals in seawater by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Science.gov (United States)

Minami, Tomoharu; Konagaya, Wataru; Zheng, Linjie; Takano, Shotaro; Sasaki, Masanobu; Murata, Rena; Nakaguchi, Yuzuru; Sohrin, Yoshiki

2015-01-07

A novel automated off-line preconcentration system for trace metals (Al, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in seawater was developed by improving a commercially available solid-phase extraction system SPE-100 (Hiranuma Sangyo). The utilized chelating resin was NOBIAS Chelate-PA1 (Hitachi High-Technologies) with ethylenediaminetriacetic acid and iminodiacetic acid functional groups. Parts of the 8-way valve made of alumina and zirconia in the original SPE-100 system were replaced with parts made of polychlorotrifluoroethylene in order to reduce contamination of trace metals. The eluent pass was altered for the back flush elution of trace metals. We optimized the cleaning procedures for the chelating resin column and flow lines of the preconcentration system, and developed a preconcentration procedure, which required less labor and led to a superior performance compared to manual preconcentration (Sohrin et al.). The nine trace metals were simultaneously and quantitatively preconcentrated from ∼120 g of seawater, eluted with ∼15 g of 1M HNO3, and determined by HR-ICP-MS using the calibration curve method. The single-step preconcentration removed more than 99.998% of Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Sr from seawater. The procedural blanks and detection limits were lower than the lowest concentrations in seawater for Mn, Ni, Cu, and Pb, while they were as low as the lowest concentrations in seawater for Al, Fe, Co, Zn, and Cd. The accuracy and precision of this method were confirmed by the analysis of reference seawater samples (CASS-5, NASS-5, GEOTRACES GS, and GD) and seawater samples for vertical distribution in the western North Pacific Ocean. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Kyoto protocol and related issues; Chikyu ondanka boshi Kyoto kaigi (COP3) to sono kadai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ninomiya, Y. [Global Industrial Social Progress Research Institute, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-09-30

The Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP3) will be held in Kyoto in December 1997. Described herein are the current status and issues of the convention. USA and Japan, which hold important keys to set up the abatement target, have issued no proposals concretely at the current AGBM (Ad-hoc Group Berlin Mandate) 7, and the conference for the concrete targets will be decided in the next AGBM 8 to be held in October. The final target will be set by the ministerial segment of COP3, because the negotiations for the treaty are political in nature. USA proposes reduction at a uniform, realistic rate, and Japan proposes reduction at a uniform rate or setting up the emission target per capita, each being different from reduction at a much higher uniform rate proposed by EU. Within EU, however, 10% out of 15% reduction rate it proposes is agreed by the member countries, and the remaining rate of % may not be agreed. It is necessary for the advanced parties to set up realistic and legally binding solutions, including ratification by USA, which can persuade the developing countries. tab.1

Environmental impact assessment caused by global warming. Chikyu ondanka no eikyoryo hyoka to sono taisaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oshima, K [Geological Survey of Japan, Tokyo (Japan)

1991-09-01

This paper describes the considerations on the influence of the global warming on the environment, and the discussions on the measures against the climatic changes. With respect to the environmental effects by the global warming, the considerations were given based on the studies on the effects of mainly the Quaternary climatic changes on the surface sea water temperatures, sea level and animal flocks. If the magnitude of the climatic changes anticipated to occur during the 21st century is lower than that have taken place in the past 10,000 years during which the agricultural production has developed to a full-scale, there would be no fear of drastically changing the ecology on earth. If the estimation of future climatic and environmental changes becomes possible, then four basic positions could be selected for establishing the contermeasure plans. That is, the first is the measures to correspond to birth-rebirth transmigration; the second is the measures to carbon dioxide disposition upon concluding that the cause for the global warming is the atmospheric increase of carbon dioxide concentration, measures for conservation and international cooperation; the third is to deal with the warming environments; and the fourth is the means to reconstruct the earth. While a number of countermeasures may be prepared, Which of them should be selected will be decided by the amount of effects. 15 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Characterizing structures on borehole images and logging data of the Nankai trough accretionary prism: new insights

Science.gov (United States)

Jurado, Maria Jose

2016-04-01

IODP has extensively used the D/V Chikyu to drill the Kumano portion of the Nankai Trough, including two well sites within the Kumano Basin. IODP Expeditions 338 and 348 drilled deep into the inner accretionary prism south of the Kii Peninsula collecting a suite of LWD data, including natural gamma ray, electrical resistivity logs and borehole images, suitable to characterize structures (fractures and faults) inside the accretionary prism. Structural interpretation and analysis of logging-while-drilling data in the deep inner prism revealed intense deformation of a generally homogenous lithology characterized by bedding that dips steeply (60-90°) to the NW, intersected by faults and fractures. Multiple phases of deformation are characterized. IODP Expedition borehole images and LWD data acquired in the last decade in previous and results of NantroSEIZE IODP Expeditions (314, 319) were also analyzed to investigate the internal geometries and structures of the Nankai Trough accretionary prism. This study focused mainly on the characterization of the different types of structures and their specific position within the accretionary prism structures. New structural constraints and methodologies as well as a new approach to the characterization of study of active structures inside the prism will be presented.

Evaluation for committed effective dose due to dietary foods by the intake for Japanese adults

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

Sanada, Tetsuya

2011-01-01

Explained are the internal exposure (IE) in Japanese adults due to the ordinary intake of food and the committed effective dose (CED) derived from it, which can be the basic reference data for estimating CED at emergency like the recent Fukushima Disaster. IE lasts as long as radioactive substances exist in the body and its health risk is assessed throughout the lifetime, 50 years in adult and in children until their age of 70 years, by CED based on consideration of the physical and biological halftimes of radionuclides involved. CED (mSv) is calculated by an equation given in International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) Pub. 72, using radioactivity level (Bq/kg), intake (kg/y) and age-dependent dose coefficient (mSv/Bq). Japan MEXT in its homepage (http://www.kankyo-hoshano.go.jp/) publishes the states of environmental radioactivity levels including those of daily Japanese food. The food survey of yearly changes of radioactivity level (Bq/man/day) indicates that, when compared with the level in 2009, it is two times higher in 1970s due to old in-atmospheric nuclear experiments, and is decreased gradually with a temporary peak around 1986 by Chernobyl accident. Studies on certain natural and artificial radioisotopes in 240 kinds of current food in 1989-2005 reveal that Po-210 level in fishes and shellfishes is particularly higher than others like St-90, Cs-137, Rd-226, Pb-210 and so on. CED in adults is calculated from yearly intake of foods (kg/y), their radioactivity (Bq/y) and the coefficient above, to be 0.80 mSv, and 0.98 mSv when the contribution of K-40 is taken in calculation. The proportion of the contribution in the latter estimated CED accounts for 74% (0.73 mSv) by Po-210 and for 18% (0.18 mSv) by K-40, which is conceivably derived from intake of more seafood by Japanese than other people in the world (average 0.070 and 0.17 mSv, respectively). (T.T.)

History of technological activities of Japanese industry; Sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

History of technological activities of Japanese industry has been recorded, preserved, compiled and systematized. The purpose is to make international contribution by transmitting Japanese experience and knowledge to the world, and to bring up the human resource for researches by teaching the history of passion and efforts of the predecessors and by arousing interests and creative volitions of science and technology of young persons. However, memorial matters, data and witnesses relating to the history of industrial science and technology are rapidly being lost day by day. When leaving as it is, succession of the history to next generation becomes hard. Under such a situation, basic survey has been conducted to succeed the history of industrial science and technology and promote the creative utilization of them. This is in the third stage of the survey. This report contains the development of new cold rolled steel sheet for cars, plant engineering technology in Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, electronics, electric power distribution technology in Kansai Electric Power Co., Inc., development of the PAN carbon fibers, four cycle and low speed marine diesel engines, production of electrolytic copper foil, development of jet engines, camera makers, and production of office machinery. 86 refs., 12 figs., 9 tabs.

NEDO Forum 2000. Industrial technology development session; Sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu session

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-09-01

This session presented the following subjects: I. IT innovation, II. Bio-seminar, III. Nano-technology, IV. Machine technology seminar, and V. 'Development subsidy project to put industrial technologies into practical use'. The theme in I relates to (1) influence of IT innovation on the society, (2) the theory of semiconductor evolution, (3) the theory of liquid crystal evolution, and (4) the theory of disk evolution. The theme II searches (1) how far have bio-technologies come?, (2) search of human evolution from genes, (3) can human being live up to 150 years by bio-technologies?, and (4) what is a DNA array (chip)?. The theme III covers (1) product innovation in polymers (new polymeric materials brought about by polymer nano-technology, taking polyolefin as an example), and (2) creation of ceramics materials by using nano-technologies. The theme IV relates to (1) ITS changes the car society into this way, (2) the current status and outlook on research and development of micro-machine technologies, and (3) the futuristic society and new industries opened by the Humanoid project. The theme V describes (1) practical application of ultra-small medical device production technologies, (2) development of next generation semiconductor manufacturing resists, (3) development for practical application of an optical brain function imaging device, and (4) development for practical application of new screening technologies toward creation of medicines using genome. (NEDO)

Survey on the long-term energy technology strategy. 2. Survey of the basement of the industrial technology strategy settlement (Environmental basement arrangement strategy); 1999 nendo choki energy gijutsu senryaku nado ni kansuru chosa. 2. Sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa (kankyo kiban seibi senryaku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the Japanese industry to cope properly with the age of great competition and to secure the technology competitive force, it is indispensable to collect/analyze a lot of information and develop policies, that is, strategies, for industrial technology. For study of types of technology innovation system, a survey was conducted in FY 1999 of samples of products with comparatively high competitive force. Concept of the product concerned was examined in terms of the enterprise (person) which created the product, enterprise which commercialized it first in the world, etc. As to each of the technologies, factors to get a top share were analyzed. Based on the analyses, factors to get a large share were classified, and the relations with technology were analyzed. With 'Study of industrial technology strategy' issued in March 1999 as reference, 54 of the products of which the world share is more than 75% were extracted. In the table, about the items on creation of technology, technology was classified into the basic technology, similar technology, traditional technology, and combined technology. About the items on improvement/application, it was classified into improvement and usage development. The other items were classified into production technology, users, and development/production cooperation infrastructure. (NEDO)

Project in fiscal 2000 of developing international standards for supporting new industries. Standardization of thermal environment for creating comfortable living space; 2000 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kaitekina seikatsu kukan no sozo no tame no onnetsu kankyo no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective of proposing to ISO a thermal environment evaluation method, development has been performed on an evaluation technology to evaluate comfort and discomfort in non-constant and non-uniform thermal environment, and research has been carried out on structuring an evaluation standard. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000. In developing the evaluation technology by using a 'human body thermal model' it was verified that the 'human body thermal model' being the achievement of the project to develop the human sensitivity measurement applied technology is effective as a method to evaluate non-uniform thermal environment, as a result of the experimental verification of the human testees. With regard to the effects on human body of thermal transient based on the testee experiment, such basic findings were derived that the thermal transient affects the psychological reaction even after movement, and that thermal sensitivity of aged persons of both sexes, and young generation shows greater positional difference in peripheral sections than in the trunk sections. The major standard being the object of this research is ISO 7730, for which discussions were given on the revision draft for the floor heating standard and the transient standard, the evaluation method using a human body model, and the evaluation method using a thermal mannequin as the new standards. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the R and D under a consignment from NEDO of environmental technology such as recycling (for public). 1; 1996 nendo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Recycle nado kankyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo). 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This R and D is aimed at promoting reduction in environmental loads by waste, etc. and reutilization of waste, etc., and at developing environmental technology such as recycling contributing to reducing road traffic noise. Studies were made on operation conditions of material separation in the bottle state and flake state, color separation, washing process, etc. Moreover, tests were conducted on comparisons of performance of shredders with different functions. Running tests of 100,000 times were conducted to confirm effectiveness of durability of the paved road with used papers. Measurement of hardness of the resin using the sol-gel method and coating experiment using organic dye were carried out to study the membrane effect speed and flaw resistance of coating of coloring bottles. Gasification of shredder dust and separation of nonferrous metal and glass were conducted to get the basic data. As to FRP bath tubs, the ratio of glass fiber and plastics was studied and western tiles were trially manufactured. Further studies were made of removal conditions of noncombustibles, chlorine and sulfur content, and reaction conditions of alkali additives including kind, quantity and addition method. 166 figs., 132 tabs.

Research and development cooperation project on environmental measurement using laser radar (environmental network) in fiscal 1993; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku (kankyo network)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the research cooperation project on the development of a laser radar for environmental measurement, the paper surveyed the present and future trend of the environment related information network in Indonesia. The survey was conducted in terms of a name of the network, the main administration body, the number of users, the utilization status, the use protocol, details of service, domestic mode installation sites and the main administration body, accounting system, types of the network used, reliability and stability of network, limitations on the use and details of the limitation, etc. The plan for expanding telecommunication equipment is being advanced in a very quick tempo. However, there are many problems in digitalization, and it is feared that the plan will be delayed. As to telecommunication quality and connection quality, the telecommunication completion rate, SCR, is very low, approximately 24% on average, which is equal to that around 1990 in Japan. The business service for users is all bureaucratic since they have a lot of applications for the installation piling up with no exception to the rule of developing countries. 23 figs., 10 tabs.

Research and development cooperation project on environmental measurement using laser radar in fiscal 1994 (environmental network); Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku (kankyo network)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

Under the R and D of a laser radar for environmental measurement which are conducted in cooperation with Indonesia, the paper reported the R and D of the environmental network in fiscal 1994. Four field surveys were made, and the following were conducted: proposal of a technical system, adjustment of the Asian environmental information network with BPPT and LIPI which are organs on the Indonesian side, installation of/technical discussion on network equipment, etc. There is IPTEKNET as a plan of a nationwide network of the scientific technology information service in Indonesia. The analytical design phase of this system converged in 1992, and the predicted investment amount in the coming five years is expected to be 6.7 million US dollars. As the future Asian environmental information network work, planned are connection between BPPT and Tokyo CC and connection at BPPT between the Asian environmental information network and IPTEKNET. Network managers at sites are very skillful, and therefore, the thorough cooperative work is anticipated. 24 figs.

Research and development cooperation project on environmental measurement using laser radar in fiscal 1995 (environmental network); Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku (kankyo network)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

As a part of the cooperative work with Indonesia of R and D of a laser radar for environmental measurement, the paper described the development of an environmental network. The field survey was conducted in April, July and December 1995 and in March 1996. For the investigational research, five meetings of the committee and four times of group work were held. The Asian environmental network was studied in terms of its arrangement, operation and management, and the overall network/path control design were being prepared. To make the persons concerned abroad and in Japan understood the APEC Osaka Conference held in November 1995, a homepage APEC `95 Kansai was opened using WWW (World Wide Web, a decentralized hyper media system which can dispatch information to the whole world by network using hyper text). Moreover, in connection with this, a homepage was opened of CICC (Center of the International Cooperation for Computerization, a center controlling the whole Asian environmental information network system where E-mail and data are exchangeable with Indonesia via Tokyo NOC (Network Operation Center)). 49 figs., 8 tabs.

Investigational report on the trend of measures for global warming; Chikyu ondanka taisaku doko chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

To know the trend of measures taken for global warming, conducted were overseas surveys, participation in academic society meetings, and literature surveys. The phaseout time of all ozone depleting substances responsible for the ozonospherial destruction was determined for both developed and developing countries in the 7th Meeting of countries which concluded the Montreal Protocol. As information on measures for protecting the ozonosphere, introduced was activities under United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). New fluorine containing ethers were introduced as cleaning solvent which causes no ozonospherial destruction and is low in global warming index. Toxicity data were obtained on HFC-236ea and HFC-236fa which are promising substitutes in HCFC foaming and refrigerant fields. The paper introduced an outline of the 1st Meeting of countries which concluded the Framework Convention on Climate Change held in 1995. According to the report on the National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection of the Netherlands, the amount of emission of fluorine containing greenhouse effect gas (in CO2 conversion) reached 8-14% of all the amount of greenhouse effect gas emitted in 1990 unless the control is reinforced. An outline of the TEWI-3 project was introduced which is useful for comparing effects of substitution technologies on global warming. 14 refs., 11 figs., 29 tabs.

Investigations on forests from viewpoints of global environment; Shinrin no chikyu kankyoteki shiten kara no chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Forests have become drawing attention as an absorption source of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse effect gas. This paper discusses significance of forests from viewpoints of their roles as diverse ecological systems and socio-economic values. Forest is a place for living and resting of all kinds of living organisms including plants, animals and microorganisms. Living forms in forests being affluent in kinds and large in amount bring great favor to human societies. Forests play diversified roles other than biological roles in addition to largely affecting heat distribution on the ground through evapotranspiration. These roles include suppression of erosion on ground surface, alleviation of micro climate by reducing wind velocity on the ground, and disaster prevention. Forests have an aspect of supply source of production resources for societies as well as an aspect of unused lands. Efficiency of converting solar energy by plants looks inferior to that of solar cells. Biomass may be regarded as regenerative energy limited to a case where excess production is utilized. 142 refs., 56 figs., 44 tabs.

Minutes of the workshop on bases of in-pile irradiation tests

International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

1997-03-01

The Workshop on Bases of In-pile Irradiation Tests was held on January 29th and 30th, 1997 at the Ibarakiken Sangyo Kaikan in Mito, Ibaraki. The purpose is to discuss upgrading an in-pile irradiation test, promoting the utilization of the research and testing reactors and also activating the research potential of JAERI transversely. Main topics are the role and future plan of the research and testing reactors, a challenge to an advanced irradiation test, development of peripheral techniques for irradiation tests and future trends of the in-pile irradiation test in the 21st century. It was mainly pointed out that the in-pile irradiation test based on an analytical method using interpolation and extrapolation procedures met a turning point and that the upgrading of the irradiation and testing method should be indispensable for regaining the latest frontiers of an irradiation study using the research and testing reactors. The new concepts were also proposed on the irradiation correlation and modeling for the design of innovative materials. It was also recognized the key issues of the irradiation study in future should be an advanced irradiation testing method which can combine various types of irradiation field and control the irradiation conditions freely. In the next century in which large accelerator or new neutron source competes with research and testing reactors for neutron irradiation tests, themes of research using in-pile irradiation tests will be upgrading of the light water reactor, development of fusion reactor, basic research, biological and medical research, radioisotope production and semiconductors manufacturing, etc. It was also concluded the research and testing reactors will keep their main role in neutron irradiation research in future. This report briefly summarizes the content of 16 presentations and the discussion. The result of the questionnaires on the utilization of research and testing reactors to the participants is also attached. (J.P.N.)

Substitution of Formal and Informal Home Care Service Use and Nursing Home Service Use: Health Outcomes, Decision-Making Preferences, and Implications for a Public Health Policy.

Science.gov (United States)

Chen, Chia-Ching; Yamada, Tetsuji; Nakashima, Taeko; Chiu, I-Ming

2017-01-01

The purposes of this study are: (1) to empirically identify decision-making preferences of long-term health-care use, especially informal and formal home care (FHC) service use; (2) to evaluate outcomes vs. costs based on substitutability of informal and FHC service use; and (3) to investigate health outcome disparity based on substitutability. The methods of ordinary least squares, a logit model, and a bivariate probit model are used by controlling for socioeconomic, demographic, and physical/mental health factors to investigate outcomes and costs based substitutability of informal and formal health-care use. The data come from the 2013 Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR), which is designed by Keizai-Sangyo Kenkyu-jo, Hitotsubashi University, and the University of Tokyo. The JSTAR is a globally comparable data survey of the elderly. There exists a complement relationship between the informal home care (IHC) and community-based FHC services, and the elasticity's ranges from 0.18 to 0.22. These are reasonable results, which show that unobservable factors are positively related to IHC and community-based FHC, but negatively related to nursing home (NH) services based on our bivariate probit model. Regarding health-care outcome efficiency issue, the IHC is the best one among three types of elderly care: IHC, community-based FHC, and NH services. Health improvement/outcome of elderly with the IHC is heavier concentrated on IHC services than the elderly care services by community-based FHC and NH care services. Policy makers need to address a diversity of health outcomes and efficiency of services based on providing services to elderly through resource allocation to the different types of long-term care. A provision of partial or full compensation for elderly care at home is recommendable and a viable option to improve their quality of lives.

Substitution of Formal and Informal Home Care Service Use and Nursing Home Service Use: Health Outcomes, Decision-Making Preferences, and Implications for a Public Health Policy

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Chia-Ching Chen

2017-11-01

Full Text Available ObjectivesThe purposes of this study are: (1 to empirically identify decision-making preferences of long-term health-care use, especially informal and formal home care (FHC service use; (2 to evaluate outcomes vs. costs based on substitutability of informal and FHC service use; and (3 to investigate health outcome disparity based on substitutability.Methodology and dataThe methods of ordinary least squares, a logit model, and a bivariate probit model are used by controlling for socioeconomic, demographic, and physical/mental health factors to investigate outcomes and costs based substitutability of informal and formal health-care use. The data come from the 2013 Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR, which is designed by Keizai-Sangyo Kenkyu-jo, Hitotsubashi University, and the University of Tokyo. The JSTAR is a globally comparable data survey of the elderly.ResultsThere exists a complement relationship between the informal home care (IHC and community-based FHC services, and the elasticity’s ranges from 0.18 to 0.22. These are reasonable results, which show that unobservable factors are positively related to IHC and community-based FHC, but negatively related to nursing home (NH services based on our bivariate probit model. Regarding health-care outcome efficiency issue, the IHC is the best one among three types of elderly care: IHC, community-based FHC, and NH services. Health improvement/outcome of elderly with the IHC is heavier concentrated on IHC services than the elderly care services by community-based FHC and NH care services.ConclusionPolicy makers need to address a diversity of health outcomes and efficiency of services based on providing services to elderly through resource allocation to the different types of long-term care. A provision of partial or full compensation for elderly care at home is recommendable and a viable option to improve their quality of lives.

Air environment purification using photocatalyst. Hikari shokubai ni yoru taiki kankyo joka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takeuchi, K [National Institute for Resources and Environment, Tsukuba (Japan)

1993-12-02

Noticing that metal oxides have photocatalysis for reduction in NOx concentration and examining effects of the TiO2 selected on removal of pollutant, the paper proposes a direct purification method for the air environment. Since TiO2 causes electron excitation meeting near ultraviolet irradiation, it manifests a catalytic function for various oxidation/reduction reactions. Details of the reaction mechanism are unknown, various active oxygen species generated on the surface of TiO2 under light irradiation oxidize NOx and acquire it as nitric acid on the surface. It is found that mixture of activated carbon of low hygroscopicity with TiO2 is effective to prevent a tendency of NO to desorb before NO becomes nitric acid. What 40% of the catalyst with fluorine resin is formed into like a sheet shows a high removal rate even in the amount of ultraviolet irradiation in a winter cloudy day in the wide range of 0.5 - 95.0% of NOx and SO2, and if the photocatalyst is applied to the side wall of city buildings, the NOx concentration is estimated to be reduced by as much as 20%. 5 refs., 3 figs.

24-hour society and working environment; 24 jikan shakai to rodo kankyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujita, Jun' ichi [Kansai Electric Power Corp., Osaka (Japan)

1999-07-25

Naturally, a human being has a rhythm with a period of about one day for hormone distribution and body temperature. This rhythm is called circadian rhythm. An ecological watch controlling this rhythm exists in supraoptic nucleus of brain, and its inherent period is clarified to be about 25 hours. Light, temperature, sound, smell and the like are the elements to improve arousal degree of brain and adjust the interior watch. However, a strong light does not only have the direct effect on improving immediately arousal degree and performance but can also shift the interior watch. Specifically, the interior watch becomes slower when a human body is bathed in an intensive light in midnight, whereas it becomes faster when bathed in an intensive light at daybreak. Consequently, this phenomenon can be used to shift the sleepy peak of a person on night duty from the working time to daytime sleeping time zone. The technology using light to improve arousal degree is utilized in space shuttles, atomic power plants, petroleum refineries and the like in USA. (NEDO)

Production environment in mineral water plants; Mineral water kojo no seisan kankyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshimatsu, A. [Morinaga Engineering Company, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-01-05

This paper summarizes mineral waters as commercial products, and the manufacturing facilities thereof. The most widely used pattern of packaging mineral waters is to use either PET bottle or back-in box. The manufacturing process consists generally of: rough filtration of natural water, storage, activated carbon filtration, filtration, sterilization, ultrafine filtration, warm water bottling, capping, cooling, cartoning, storage, and shipment. The rough filtration removes sands. The activated carbon filtration removes water soluble organics. The sterilization is carried out under conditions of retaining the water at 75{degree}C for 15 seconds or retaining at 120 to 140{degree}C for 2 seconds. The ultrafine filtration uses a ceramic filter with a thickness of 0.2{mu}m. Sterilizing harmful microorganisms uses heating operation and filters to remove bacteria. An example may be cited that uses a bio-clean room for the purpose of controlling the harmful microorganisms. Subject microorganisms include a variety of viruses, rickettsia, bacteria, and fungi. The super-high performance (HEPA) filter used in the sterilization is demanded of collecting dusts with sizes of 0.3{mu}m or larger at a collection efficiency of 99.97% or higher. 3 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

Biomethylation in the natural environment: a review; Shizen kankyo ni okeru biomethylation

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tao, H. [National Institute for Resources and Environment, Tsukuba (Japan); Fatoki, O. [University of Fort Hare, (South Africa)

1997-09-25

This paper explains mechanism of biomethylation of such elements important in environmental science as As, Hg, Sn and Pb, and its significance in the environmental science. Biomethylation is a process to bond methyl group directly to metals by actions of living organisms, which is occurring widely in the natural environment. Addition of methyl group onto metallic elements has a high possibility of changing their chemical and physical properties and increasing their movability, thus affecting the geochemical circulation. Particularly, such elements are important for the environmental science as As, Hg, Sn, Pb, Se, Te, Ge, Sb, P, S, and Cl. Deposits in water zones which have been regarded previously as final settling places for heavy metals are active media for anaerobic bacteria which can cause methylation. Important molecules involving in methylation are S-acenosylmethionine (SAM) and methylcobalamin which is a derivative of vitamin B12. The SAM is regarded as sulfonium salt, and the methyl group is transferred as a carbocationic intermediate. 106 refs.

Our trials of recovering wetlands for waterbirds; Mizudori to mizube kankyo zukuri

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hasuo, S. [Chiba Prefectural Government Office, Chiba (Japan)

1994-08-10

This paper explains the ecology of wild birds, and describes a number of attempts at the Gyotoku wildlife sanctuary to build wetland environments for waterfowls to live. Many of wild birds use shallow marshy grounds, rivers, ponds, and tidelands as their place of living. There are not only birds living on fishes, but like wild ducks those living on plant seeds, algae on mud, and small animals. Others live on shellfishes and insects. Their environmental conditions for hatching and breeding are also a large factor. Among the `estuary area sets` where these environmental conditions are available, the continuation of tidelands is now endangered. One example is the Shinobazu pond in Ueno, Tokyo. Fulica, for example as a representative bird living at swamps, requires vegetation around its living area, affluent submerged plants, an open area with a radius of at least 200 meters to be available, and water depths from about 0.5 m to 2 m. At the Gyotoku wildlife sanctuary, long-lasting observations are continued at several test ponds having different conditions and water qualities. 4 figs.

Research report for fiscal 1998. Researches on the history and inheritance of industrial technologies (Researches of domestic industrial technologies that greatly contributed to the development of industry); 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa (sangyo no hatten ni okiku kiyoshita kokunai sangyo gijutsu no chosa hen)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

As the contribution increases of Japan's industrial technologies to the development of scientific and economic activities in Japan and abroad, it is of paramount importance to clarify the significance as seen from the historical point of view and to utilize the achievement for the development of Japan's industrial technologies in the future. Researches are conducted into some processes of Japanese origin now enjoying high evaluation as global achievements are reviewed, which involve the separation and purification of butadiene, production of concentrated nitric acid, disproportionation of toluene, polymerization of vinyl chloride in a large reactor, development and practical application of lithium ion secondary batteries, and the enzymatic production of the D-amino acid. As examples of development of chemical technologies, furthermore, researches are undertaken into the ammonia synthesizing technology, production of resorcinol, and coal liquefaction. Also reviewed are data on the history of industries accommodated in museums, and numerous articles of scientific literature written in the period of Shogunate-end through Meiji-beginning to constitute the foundation on which Japan's scientific technologies would make rapid progress. The result gives suggestions for opening a new way toward creative and unique technologies. (NEDO)

International seminar in fiscal 1998 on the development and promotion of global environment-related industrial technologies. Report on International Workshops on CO{sub 2} Cycling and Metabolism in Coral Reef; 1998 nendo chikyu sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu suishin jigyo. 'Sangosho ni okeru busshitsu ido to tanso junkan' kokusai workshop hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the study of CO{sub 2} absorption and fixation in the marine ecosystem, studies of coral reefs by RITE (Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth) were subjected to discussion at the above-named workshops. It is after the elapse of a long geological time on the earth that CO2 in the atmosphere has arrived at the current level of concentration thanks to fixation and calcification by living organisms and to dissolution into the seawater. In the formation of CaCO{sub 3} that constitutes the coral skeleton, 1 mol Ca combines with 2 mol bicarbonates for the production of 1 mol CaCO{sub 3} and 1 mol CO{sub 2}. The reaction may suggests a consequential increase of CO2 in the atmosphere but such CO{sub 2} is in reality consumed by being converted into organic substances in a photosynthetic process performed by symbiotic algae. Calculation was made for the whole of Bora Bay, Miyakojima Island, and the result was that 700kg-C/day comes to be stored in the form of organic matters in the community of coral reef organisms. In a coral reef, even when it emits CO2 into the atmosphere, there is organic matter production which exceeds the lost CO{sub 2}. Coral reefs fix carbon out of the seawater at the rate of 0.42Gt-C/year, which is the aggregate of 0.3Gt organic matters and 0.12Gt CaCO{sub 3}. (NEDO)

Policy subjects of the LP gas industry; LP gas sangyo no seisaku kadai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murata, K. [Agency of Natural Resources and Energy, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-09-01

The paper commented on current environmental changes in the LP gas industry and the measures for reinforcement of the physical constitution. When correction of the high cost structure in Japan is now the problem, waves of deregulation and rationalization reach to not only to LP gas but energy competitive with LP gas such as petroleum, electric power and town gas. With this, it is expected that LP gas will be faced with severe competition with other energy media. In the LP gas industry, business becomes more and more in number and smaller and smaller in scale as it extends downstream. Therefore, the resulting complicatedness in the distribution sector is the problem. It is necessary to realize scale profit in each distribution stage and to heighten productivity by expanding the scale in the retailing stage, especially. It is also important to tackle scale merit, improvement of productivity, and cost reduction by concentrating functions on either of wholesalers or retailers in every function of delivery, safety, free from each distribution stage.

Environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community development project. Feasibility study for industrialization of high efficiency waste-fired power generation system (industrial refuse derived fuel and gas turbine combined type); Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin. Kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden (sangyo RDF GT fukugogata) jigyoka FS chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

High efficiency power generation, which is useful for promoting the environment-friendly type energy and coordinated community, is investigated by combining a steam turbine power generation system using the PS-RDF (paper sludge-refuse derived fuel) and a gas turbine (GT) combined cycle. Industrialization plan for processing PS in low cost has been made to ensure the profitability by participating the wholesale power supply under the law of electric power industry. This combined system is similar to the so-called super power generation using municipal garbage, but the lower temperature of steam from GT waste heat boilers (WHB) is super-heated by the flue gas from RDF boiler, which is called advanced power generation system (A.S.S.). The total power generation capacity is 149,000 kW, which consists of three 35,000 kW units of GT and one 44,000 kW unit of steam turbine. When comparing the combined system (A.S.S.) and usual one with the independent installation of the RDF steam power generation system and a GT combined cycle, the A.S.S. provides the repowering efficiency of 7,600 kW output with exactly the same quantity of fuel input as usual one. 71 figs., 31 tabs.

FY 2000 Project of developing international standards for supporting new industries. Standardization of the marine environment analyzers (Analyzers for measuring CO2 in ocean); 2000 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kaiyo kankyo keisoku kiki (kaiyo CO2 sokutei kanren kikirui) no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the research and development of analyzers and analytical procedures necessary for evaluating CO2 abatement effects and fixed quantities in ocean, for proposing the international standards. The program for studying the analytical procedures makes a literature survey mainly on papers and also on patent publications, to collect the data related to this project and establish the database. The program for measuring CO2 in deep ocean studies a suspension type CO2 profiler with a liquid-liquid leveler and develops a small-size, high-precision device serviceable at a depth of 3,000m, around 1m in length and 40kg in weight. The program for flux meters tests various commercial sensors, to obtain the design requirements for the sensor of improved functions to withstand splashes and rolling/pitching. The program for CO2 flux measurement methods study aims at the eddy correlation method, which is the most direct procedure involving limited number of assumptions, after having investigated various procedures, to improve precision of the sensor. (NEDO)

Environments of ocean and primary productivity during the late Quaternary. Millenial-scale large and abrupt climatic changes (global system dynamics in response to Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles); Daiyonki koki no kaiyo kankyo to seibutsu seisan. Suhyaku-susennen scale no kyugekina kiko hendo (Dansgaard-Oeschger cycle ni taisuru chikyu system no oto)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tada, R. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1998-04-25

Abrupt and steep climate changes of the millennial scale as represented by the Dansgaard-Oeschger cycle (D-O cycle) and the behavior of the global surface layer system in their wake are outlined. The D-DO cycle is the abrupt and steep climate changes that are recorded in the Greenland continental ice sheet, and is grasped most typically as changes in the oxygen isotopic ratio in the ice. Studies reveal that the D-O cycle is a global episode that accompanied interaction between various subsystems constituting the global surface layer system. It is believed that in the D-O cycle there were changes not only in temperature but also in aridity/moisture and in the sea level, and probabilities are high that there was a great local variation in the way the changes took effect. The possibility has now become lower that the D-O cycle occurred in the interglacial epoch in the high latitude belt in the northern hemisphere, yet it remains likely that the climate changes driving the D-O cycle continued in the low latitude belt. 57 refs., 8 figs.

Report on survey in fiscal 2000 on the survey on succession of history of industrial technologies. Survey edition of industrial technologies in Japan that have contributed largely to development of industries; 2000 nendo sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa hokokusho. Sangyo no hatten ni okiku kiyoshita kokunai sangyo gijutsu no chosahen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Surveys and researches have been performed to serve as reference for the future research and development policies by clarifying the innovation process of industrial technologies in Japan and the originality and creativity seen in that process. The surveys have focused on processes born in Japan and evaluated as 'world class' in significance of some kind, and summarized the technology history. The current fiscal year has surveyed newly the following nine processes: industrialization of the sodium glutamate and fructose manufacturing technologies, development of solar cell technologies, industrialization of the manufacturing process of cyclohexnol via cyclohexene, development of the MEK manufacturing process, development and industrialization of hollow fiber reverse osmosis membrane modules for single stage sea water desalination, development and industrialization of the new vitamin B1 intermediate process, development of HSG-Si capacitors for semiconductor memories, and development and industrialization of 4-ethylene fluoride/ethylene copolymer (ETFE). The surveys are considered to have obtained the results abound in suggestions toward original and creative technological developments. (NEDO)

Challenges in the Japan Beyond-Brittle Project (JBBP) for EGS development beyond the brittle-ductile transition

Science.gov (United States)

Asanuma, H.; Muraoka, H.; Tsuchiya, N.; Ito, H.

2013-12-01

isolated from the hydrothermal system. Discussions on exploration/monitoring of the BDT rock mass and JBBP reservoirs, and engineering development have been also made in the workshop. We finally identified scientific/technological challenges for the JBBP and established roadmap and implementation plan. The workshop report is available at http://jbbp.kankyo.tohoku.ac.jp/jbbp Conceptual model of the JBBP

Report on Asian Environment Information Network; 'Asia kankyo joho network' ni kansuru hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The goal is the construction of Asian Environment Information Network (AEInet) in accordance with a contract signed between Indonesia's LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) and NEDO under NEDO's Research Cooperation Project Concerning the Development of Environment Measuring Laser Radar (LR). The network is so designed and constituted as to operate on a private line between Indonesia and Japan via IP (Internet protocol) and to enable the exchange on the Internet network of the data collected/analyzed by the Indonesian LR system and of articles of e-mail between scientists of the two countries. The AEInet will be utilized for the collection/analysis of LR-collected data; exchange of observed data and the result of processing; provision of support to environment information scientists in exchanging e-mail and information; and the search of databases for the implementation of the project. In this paper, the outline and functions of the system, network system design, WWW server construction, network operating status, joint researches with Indonesia, etc., are described. (NEDO)

Result of comparative experiment on environmental comfort in room using hot heat environment testing unit. Onnetsu kankyo shiken unit ni yoru shitsunai kankyo no kaitekisa no hikaku jikken kekka ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujiwara, T; Kawashima, K [The Hokkaido Electric Power Co. Inc., Sapporo (Japan)

1991-11-20

Measurements were carried out on three buildings having different heat insulation, airtightness and heat capacity for testing the hot heast enviroments (having a room size of about 4.6 m{times}3.7m{times}2.3 m) as to the temperature differences between the upper and lower parts of the room and the MRT (mean radiation temperature, representing the temperature of radiation from the wall face). These are compared according to types of heating appliance. The result is summarize as follows: The temperature difference in the upper and lower parts is affected largely by the airtightness of the building, the difference being capable of getting reduced by rasing the airtightness even in a buildings low in heat insulation. In a building with low airtightness, type of heating appliance and its installation location affect the temperature difference. The MRT is determined determined nearly completely by the heat insulation of the wall face in a room, but it tends to be affected easily by the specification and area of windows. A floor heating system increases the MRT and generates very little difference in temperatures in the upper and lower parts of the room. A comparison using a PMV (one of the indexes for enviromental comfort in a room) was also conducted. 12 figs., 7tabs.

Application of thermal spray coatings for jet engines. Kokuki sangyo eno yosha no oyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muto, Y [All Nippon Airways Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1992-10-31

Application condition of spray coating on jet engine parts and characteristics of spray reparing process are explained. Spray coating used for jet engine is classified as recovery of dimension, crevice adjustment, improvement of resistance to friction, improvement of fretting resistance and heat resistance. Titanium alloy having better adhesion and acid resistance, is used as coating for dimensional recovery, where as nickel-crome-aluminium coating is used for the improvement of heat resistance of stainless steel, etc. Crevice adjustment coatings are used in rotating parts of jet engines, and they are of two types are; gel-double coating of aluminium, nickel-aluminium, etc., abrasive coating of aluminium oxide. Tungsten carbide and cobalt are used as coatings for the friction improvement. Nickel and indium, etc., are used as fretting resistance coating. Various types of ceramics together with heat resistance steels like HS-188 are used as coating for heat resistance improvement. 4 figs., 3 tabs.

Automobile industry and globalization in Asian market; Asia ni okeru jidosha sangyo to globalization

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-01-01

Asian countries are now attracting attention of automobile manufacturers of the world for their capabilities of buying, producing, and assembling of automobiles, and producing and supplying of parts, which means that the Asian market is now exposed to globalization. As for the automobile and part manufacturers of Japan, in the presence of economic depression lingering in Asia affecting motorization and rapid changes in the circumstances Japan`s automobile industry finds itself under, are pressed to work out new strategies as a member of the Asian community. A panel discussion of the same name as the subject held in 1997 won favor as a fine initiative to suitably cope with the difficult situation. Useful suggestions and proposals were made concerning the panel discussion, calling the event a new type of round-table talks well responding to the rapid changes in the world economy since 1997, by learned and experienced people, the government offices concerned, staffers of manufacturers in charge of overseas marketing, and international information analysts. They related to the current state and tasks of automobile manufacturing in Asia, trends of regulations and standardization, rolls of technical assistance and the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan, Ltd., expressed from a wide angle covering various problems relative to environmental protection, safety, etc. (NEDO)

Survey of the development of industrial technology in Japan; Sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Conditions for creating Japan`s type technologies have been investigated by extracting technologies and experiences meriting the succession to the next generation among the industrial technologies in Japan after World War II. Technological creativity of Japan began to appear from the 1970`s. Quartz watch of SEIKO, U-Matic VTR of SONY, ladle refinery method of DAIDO Steel, PAN-based carbon fiber of TORAY, continuous annealing of Nippon Steel, calculating machine using liquid crystal of SHARP, ASA-400 high sensitivity film of FUJI FILM, and Japanese word-processor of TOSHIBA are the examples. The basic ability to create those products and technology lays in the diversity of firms in electronic device and fine machinery industries consisting the boundary between general and electrical machinery, the systematizing ability and inter-industrial cooperation which were promoted through quality control, automatization of assembly and production control by computer, and the research and development capability which has been brought up during the high economic growth as a learning process of technology. The society and industries have to make efforts to create the new creative conditions for younger generations. Otherwise, Japan`s technology will not develop. 134 refs., 19 figs., 8 tabs.

FY 1999 project on the development of new industry support type international standards. Standardization of dynamic thermal environments used to create comfortable living spaces; 1999 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Kaitekina seikatsu kukan no sozo no tame no doteki onnetsu kankyo no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

As a technology to evaluate comfort/discomfort of spaces where the thermal environment is non-uniform and unsteady, simulation by a human thermal system, evaluation technology using thermal mannequins substituting for humans, was developed. For the purpose of working out the evaluation standards using it, an experimental study was conducted, and the FY 1999 results were outlined. In the development of evaluation technology using the human thermal system, it was confirmed that the overall trend accorded with the experimental results, as a result of the improvement so made that the contact thermal environment can be simulated. In the development of evaluation technology of the thermal mannequin, a small thermal mannequin was fabricated. As a result of the evaluation of the non-uniform thermal environment, validity of the equivalent temperature was demonstrated. The results of the use of the small mannequin made the design/fabrication of an adult use mannequin possible. In the study to elucidate thermal susceptibility of each part of the human body, an experiment was carried out using an examinee in the uniform and steady environment, and the results were studied of the experiment using the aged examinee on validity of PMV by ISO7730. (NEDO)

The First D/V Chikyu IODP Operations: Successful Logging and Coring During NanTroSEIZE Stage 1 Expeditions

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Moe Kyaw Thu

2008-07-01

Full Text Available The Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE is a multi-expedition IODP drilling project aimed at drilling, coring, logging, and instrumenting the seismogenic zone of an active subduction margin , in a region thought to generate megathrust earthquakes of magnitude >8.0 on the moment-magnitude scale (Tobin and Kinoshita, 2006. The Nankai Trough, offshore of the Kii Peninsula, Honshu, Japan (Fig. 1 was chosen as the location for thisproject based on a number of scientific drilling proposals to IODP. These reviewed existing drilling data in the region, the long-term historical and recent record of great earthquakes, the social and societal relevance of the area, and the accessibility of the seismogenic zone to present drilling technology. The first stage of this multi-stage project was intended to accomplish a broad characterization of the shallow geology, geophysics, physical properties, heat flow, and fluid flow in a transect across the downgoing Philippine Sea Plate, the toe of the Nankai accretionary prism, the megasplay fault zone region on the continental slope, and the Kumano Basin that lies between the accretionary prism and the KiiPeninsula, on the continental shelf (Fig. 2.

Global sea level change and the response of solid earth; Kaisuijun hendo ni taisuru kotai chikyu no yakuwari

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murakami, Y. [Geological Survey of Japan, Tsukuba (Japan)

1997-05-27

A review was given on the theory that sea level change having occurred in the past 20,000 years has given a great impact on patterns of upheaval and subsidence of the islands of Japan. Nakada has summarized distribution of underwater remains in the western part of Kyushu and estimated values of sea surface altitude in 6000 years ago, and used this conceptional chart to propose a crust upheaval mechanism by using hydroisostasy. More specifically, this is a model that crust which has subsided due to rise in the sea level has created flows of mantle, causing upheaval of the crust in land areas. This viewpoint requires further accumulation of data and verification of the theory in areas other than the western part of Kyushu. It is important to consider the effect of sea level change also in studying processes of subsidence and sedimentation in sedimentary basins including Osaka Bay. The currently available theories use analysis solutions on stratified ground, but does not consider topographical profiles from land areas to sea areas. As this topographical effect is thought extremely important, it is necessary to develop a two-dimensional cross section analyzing method by using the finite element method. 6 refs., 3 figs.

Overview of FY1997 human media technology R and D; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seido Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku jigyo. Human media no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper reports a summary of results in fiscal 1997 of research and development of human media technology. Fiscal 1997 launched design and trial fabrication of the following items: interface to improve efficiency and safety of plant operators, accommodation of multimedia contents to aid Kansei design, city development design aiding technologies using contents retrieval and presentation technologies and virtual reality, and empirical evaluation technologies for safety, comfort and convenience. Specific study assignments were extracted on a virtual media technology, a Kansei media technology and a knowledge media technology being three elementary technologies for human media to make clear the research and development approaches to be taken in the coming fiscal years. In addition, a human media technology committee, a research and development working group, and an investigation working group were established. Also launched were investigations on research trends in the human media technology, and investigative researches on contacts of information needs in industries with human media. 59 refs., 114 figs., 24 tabs.

Energy, environment and pursuit of happiness; Energy kankyo mondai ningen no kofuku kara kangaeru

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shingu, H. [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan)

1997-05-05

The energy and environment issue was considered from a viewpoint of human happiness. The paper picks up economy, philosophy, energy and humans as organisms, and considered how the principle of the increase by geometrical progression plays an important role in these. That the repetition in phenomena is like the increase by geometrical progression means that changes increase not linearly but exponentially and nonlinearly and bring such large changes as are unimaginable. The increase in entropy, which is caused by a nonlinear increase of the state, is an irreparable change. The problem of the pursuit of happiness also cannot be solved by the linear thought. The energy and environment problem cannot reach the solution in an extension of the linear thought in which humans have overcome poverty and lacks since the past and pursued richness earnestly. Namely, it is necessary for the 21st century to stop thinking of the energy utilization for seeking for much more richness and to try to think the energy issue in the social system where happiness with not too much richness is presupposed. 16 refs., 1 fig., 1 tab.

Evaluation of environmental impact by LCA method. LCA shuho ni yoru kankyo fuka hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Sakamura, H.; Utsuno, F.; Yasui, I. (The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Institute of Industrial Science)

1994-06-01

This paper explains the concept, history, and analytic methods of life cycle assessment (LCA), showing its application to beer bottles and cement factories as specific examples. The LCA is a method to calculate substances and energies put into the whole process of production of a product from raw material mining to product wasting and environmental loads emitted therefrom. It also evaluates the result collectively and quantitatively. A first case of the research is reportedly the one performed at Coca-Cola Co., Ltd. in 1969. Full-scale researches have gone forward in European countries in the recent several years, and are progressing to international networks. The analytic methods can be divided largely into an accumulation method to analyze data in each process and add them up, and a method to use an industrial association table. The former method is the most generally used method currently in overseas countries if referred to the LCA. Because the LCA can cause the analytic result and evaluation to vary depending on the purpose, it is important to define the goal, and set the scope. The LCA must develop in the future although it has a number of problems. 10 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

Fibredrain method. Environmentally friendly vertical drain; Fiberdrain koho. Kankyo ni yasashii vertical drain koho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Suto, Y.; Inoue, T. [Fukken Co. Ltd., Hiroshima (Japan); Miura, N. [Saga University, Saga (Japan). Faculty of Science and Engineering; Yoshida, Y.; Hamada, K. [Hiroshima Prefectural Government Office, Hiroshima (Japan); Aboshi, H. [Hiroshima University, Hiroshima (Japan)

1997-11-01

Ground improvement using fibredrain (FD) material has not been used in Japan. For its practical use in Japan, laboratory experiment was made on such technological characteristics of FD material as tensile strength and permeability, and field test was also made to verify its improvement effect. A plane FD specimen of nearly 90mm wide and 9mm thick is composed of a folded double jute fabrics band and 4 twisted coir ropes arranged between the jute fabrics at even intervals, and the band is sewn up along center lines between the ropes. A mean permeability coefficient is estimated to be {kappa} = 1.0times10{sup -1}cm/s and {kappa} = 1.0times10{sup -2}cm/s at {sigma}{sup 3} = 0.5kgf/cm{sup 2} and {sigma}{sup 3} = 2.0kgf/cm{sup 2} in lateral pressure, respectively, showing sufficient permeabilities for vertical drain material. The tensile strength of fresh FD material is estimated to be a little stronger than 900kg/material width which is far stronger than that of conventional FD materials. The field test result showed that the FD material achieved the target for ground improvement, and has sufficient functions as a substitute for SD material. 6 refs., 10 figs.

Investigations on an environmental technology transfer information network; Kankyo gijutsu iten joho network chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

With developing countries (APEC countries) as the main objects, investigations were carried out to issue environmental technology transfer information that Japan has accumulated, and advance exchanges of technical information with persons related inside and outside Japan. As a result of the investigations, it was found that the environmental technology information that serves more effectively for the developing countries is the technical information that has been developed by repeating improvements, has provided actual results in work sites, and is actually used, rather than the state-of-art technologies. Based on this result, business entities having factories and operation centers located in Mie Prefecture and the city of Yokkaichi were asked to provide data for the actually used environmental technologies. Out of 51 items provided by 17 companies, nine items were selected to be used as prototype database materials for an information network. The objects of information sources will be expanded to a nationwide scale in the future to improve the contents of the database. Problems of handling information copyrights and technical know-hows were presented in the course of data collection, urging the necessity of due considerations on the matter. Necessity was indicated on maintenance and management of data base as well as its quantitative expansion. 1 ref., 4 figs.

Image diagnosis of plant function under environmental pollution. Shokubutsu de kankyo osen wo shindansuru

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Omasa, K. (National Inst. for Environmental studies, Tsukuba (Japan))

1993-12-20

Various physiological reaction of plants would be obstructed and troubles of their growth would be met under environmental pollution. There are also cases that the polluted materials as nutritious components are absorbed by plants. Consequently, if plant's reaction on this environmental pollution would be used, indexes of environmental pollution and environment can be improved. For examples, Ipomoea Nil and Petunia having high reaction on photochemical oxidate are widely used as index plant of air pollution. Zelkova trees and poplars planted as street trees can also greatly absorbed the polluted gas and have a function to clear air. In this paper, a diagnosis method by visualizing plant's reaction on environmental pollution by using technique of image measurement was explained. As devices of usable image measurement, a thermal camera, a solid measuring cameras, an ultrasonic camera, a multi-spectral camera and an X-ray TV camera were given. 6 refs., 4 figs., 1 tab.

Subjects of the energy industry under yen appreciation; Endakaka ni okeru energy sangyo no kadai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-07-01

This paper studied effects of yen appreciation on the Japanese economy and changes in energy demand when assuming the medium-term yen appreciation trend, and subjects in the energy industry. The paper also refers to the trend of the Asian material industry largely influencing the energy supply/demand, the risk hedge problem of the exchange, and international cooperation and business development of the energy industry. The energy industry is extremely high in public interest and is rice of the industry. Therefore, the development of the business has focused on the domestic market. However, such a recognition is forced to be changed by waves of the worldwide deregulation. Discussions on foreign/domestic price differences caused by high yen and a series of deregulation policy in the energy industry affected thereby may be concrete signs. The subject in the energy industry under the yen appreciation is that the energy industry will be close to common sense in general industrial circles and change to an industry which is strong and internationally competitive enough to brave the exchange variation. 101 refs., 104 figs., 31 tabs.

Operational Review of the First Wireline In Situ Stress Test in Scientific Ocean Drilling

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Casey Moore

2012-04-01

Full Text Available Scientific ocean drilling’s first in situ stress measurement was made at Site C0009A during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP Expedition 319 as part of Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE Stage 2. The Modular Formation Dynamics Tester (MDT, Schlumbergerwireline logging tool was deployed in riser Hole C0009A to measure in situ formation pore pressure, formation permeability (often reported as mobility=permeability/viscosity, and the least principal stress (S3 at several isolated depths (Saffer et al., 2009; Expedition 319 Scientists, 2010. The importance of in situ stress measurements is not only for scientific interests in active tectonic drilling, but also for geomechanical and well bore stability analyses. Certain in situ tools were not previously available for scientific ocean drilling due to the borehole diameter and open hole limits of riserless drilling. The riser-capable drillship, D/V Chikyu,now in service for IODP expeditions, allows all of the techniques available to estimate the magnitudes and orientations of 3-D stresses to be used. These techniques include downhole density logging for vertical stress, breakout and caliper log analyses for maximum horizontal stress, core-based anelastic strain recovery (ASR, used in the NanTroSEIZE expeditions in 2007–2008, and leak-off test (Lin et al., 2008 and minifrac/hydraulic fracturing (NanTroSEIZE Expedition319 in 2009. In this report, the whole operational planning process related to in situ measurements is reviewed, and lessons learned from Expedition 319 are summarized for efficient planning and testing in the future.

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey of long-term strategy for energy technology: Volume 1 (Survey of foundation for strategy formulation for industrial technologies - strategy for environmental foundation buildup); 1999 nendo choki energy gijutsu senryaku nado ni kansuru chosa hokokusho. 1. Sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa (kankyo kiban seibi senryaku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Japan has to prepare itself to behave accurately, and to stay technologically competitive, in the severe competition age to come in which it will fail to find leaders to follow. To fulfill this goal, Japan has to collect sufficient information and analyze it relative to the current state and future prospect of industrial technologies in Japan and overseas and various factors that will influence them, and to develop industrial technology related policies based firmly on scientific and theoretical foundations to be established using the thus-acquired knowledge. Under the circumstances, a survey is conducted of innovative, technological foundations, such as industrial technology related efforts in and out of Japan. The report consists of two volumes that cover what are described below. For the survey of technology related policies pursued in various countries abroad, literature and the like are investigated concerning technology related measures, budgets, and decision making processes in America, Britain, Germany, France, and the European Union, and the results are compiled so that their systems may be compared with each other. In the survey of Japan's technology related innovative systems, case studies are made about commodities over which Japan is relatively high in competitive power. Specifically, commodities manufactured by Japan's businesses and occupying 75% or more of the global share are investigated. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey of long-term strategy for energy technology: Volume 1 (Survey of foundation for strategy formulation for industrial technologies - strategy for environmental foundation buildup); 1999 nendo choki energy gijutsu senryaku nado ni kansuru chosa hokokusho. 1. Sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa (kankyo kiban seibi senryaku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Japan has to prepare itself to behave accurately, and to stay technologically competitive, in the severe competition age to come in which it will fail to find leaders to follow. To fulfill this goal, Japan has to collect sufficient information and analyze it relative to the current state and future prospect of industrial technologies in Japan and overseas and various factors that will influence them, and to develop industrial technology related policies based firmly on scientific and theoretical foundations to be established using the thus-acquired knowledge. Under the circumstances, a survey is conducted of innovative, technological foundations, such as industrial technology related efforts in and out of Japan. The report consists of two volumes that cover what are described below. For the survey of technology related policies pursued in various countries abroad, literature and the like are investigated concerning technology related measures, budgets, and decision making processes in America, Britain, Germany, France, and the European Union, and the results are compiled so that their systems may be compared with each other. In the survey of Japan's technology related innovative systems, case studies are made about commodities over which Japan is relatively high in competitive power. Specifically, commodities manufactured by Japan's businesses and occupying 75% or more of the global share are investigated. (NEDO)

Landslide (4). ; Landslide and water-geochemical investigation. part 1. Jisuberi. (4). ; Jisuberi to mizu-chikyu kagakuteki chosa. sono 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshioka, T [Kyoto Univ., Kyoto (Japan). Disaster Prevention Research Inst.

1990-08-31

Laying emphasis on the groundwater quality in landslided areas, origin of dissolved ions in the groundwater, characteristics of water quality at landslided areas, classification of groundwater mass, flow and flow direction of groundwater, relation between water quality and groundwater flow, composition of dissolved gases, isotopes, growing process of water quality, formation of clay minerals and water quality, etc. are described. In general, ions contained in the groundwater originate in rainwater and falling matter; human activity; volcanoes and hot mineral springs; rock and soil; etc. The problems with the quality of water in landslided areas are Na {sup +} and Ca {sup 2} as positive ions and HCO {sub 3} and SO {sub 4}{sup 2 {sup minus}} as negative ions. It can be understood that change in the chemical composition of the groundwater caused by the flow of the groundwater is closely related to the weathering of rocks. Examples of investigation on groundwater flow by chemical injection are introduced. The composition of gases dissolved in groundwater is as important as the dissolved components for the study of the origin and history of groundwater. 34 refs., 16 figs., 7 tabs.

Research result information for agriculture and environment. No.12; Nogyo kankyo kenkyu seika joho. 12

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-08-26

Essential purposes of productivity improvement, which human being have desires in agriculture for a long time, can not be discussed without considering relations with the environment, nowadays. In these situations, significant investigations have been created among the researches in the agriculture and environment field in response to the requirements of the time. In this report, results of 41 main researches submitted to the agriculture and environment research promotion conference in FY 1995 are compiled. This field covers the environment and resource characterization, the agrioecology, and the environment assessment and control. The environment and resource characterization field includes studies on the micro-meteorological mechanism of desert expansion due to excess pasturage, the salt removal function of clays, and the protection of ground water quality by grassland. The agrioecology field includes studies on the antimicrobial substance contained in Glycyrrhiza glabra against the soil decease of potatoes caused by Streptomyces scabies and the new plant growth obstruction substance contained in Sphenoclea zeylanica. The environment assessment and control field includes studies on the producing district change prediction of main grains accompanied with global environmental change and the carbon balance in the ecosystem of farm lands and rice fields. This report includes a lot of noticeable papers. 103 figs., 24 tabs.

Micrometeorological function of paddy fields that control temperature conditions; Suiden no ondo kankyo kanwa kino

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oue, H; Fukushima, T [Ehime University, Ehime (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture; Maruyama, T [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture

1994-10-01

A verification was conducted on the micrometeorological function of paddy fields that control temperature conditions. A movement measurement was executed in order to elucidate air temperature distribution in the paddy field area. The observation revealed the following matters: air temperatures over paddy fields and farm lands are lower than those at bare lands and paved areas; air temperatures downwind the paddy fields are lower than those in residential areas; and air temperatures on the paddy fields are lower than those on the farm lands. Measurement of the air temperature distribution in paddy fields revealed that a paddy field becomes a heat absorbing source in the process of breeze blowing over the paddy field, and alleviates the temperature environment in the downwind area. A discussion was given on the specificity of surface temperature of the paddy field from the above result. It is the feature of paddy fields in summer that the energy exceeding the radiated amount is distributed into latent heat around the noon of a day. The surface temperatures are in the decreasing order of non-irrigated bare land > irrigated bare land > atmometer water surface > farm land > paddy field. The upper limit for the paddy field surface was around 28{degree}C. Surface temperature forming factors were discussed, and the surface temperature parameters (relative humidity, evaporation efficiency, etc.) were derived on each type of the land surface. The surface temperatures on each land surface were calculated using the parameter values. The result revealed that a paddy field having high relative humidity and evaporation efficiency has an effect to suppress the surface temperatures. 6 refs., 10 figs., 1 tab.

Report on Asian Environment Information Network; 'Asia kankyo joho network' ni kansuru hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The goal is the construction of Asian Environment Information Network (AEInet) in accordance with a contract signed between Indonesia's LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) and NEDO under NEDO's Research Cooperation Project Concerning the Development of Environment Measuring Laser Radar (LR). The network is so designed and constituted as to operate on a private line between Indonesia and Japan via IP (Internet protocol) and to enable the exchange on the Internet network of the data collected/analyzed by the Indonesian LR system and of articles of e-mail between scientists of the two countries. The AEInet will be utilized for the collection/analysis of LR-collected data; exchange of observed data and the result of processing; provision of support to environment information scientists in exchanging e-mail and information; and the search of databases for the implementation of the project. In this paper, the outline and functions of the system, network system design, WWW server construction, network operating status, joint researches with Indonesia, etc., are described. (NEDO)

In the environmental pollution air raid of NATO; NATO no kubaku ga kankyo osen ni

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-10-05

In recent European Union commissioned report, there was no evidence that the air raid of the NATO military in Yugoslavia became a cause of the large-scale ecology destruction until now. However, the pollution is very serious in industrial area suburb which becomes a target for Novi Sad and Pacncevo, Prahovo. The Hungary-based Regional Environment Center for Central and Eastern Europe in Hungary: REC was reported. According to REC, the pollution of the Danube river after the air raid which reaches for 11 weeks by the NATO military was serious, and ammonia of 100 tons, ethylene dichloride over the 1 thousand tons, 33% hydrochloric acid solution of the 1 thousand tons escaped to the Danube river from the air raid of Pancevo on April 18th. And, the mercury accumulated in sodium hydroxide of about 3 thousand tons, liquid chlorine of several decade tons and chlorine/alkali plant also escaped from Pancevo. United Nations-led Environmental Damage Assessment Mission should inspect Kosovo and Yugoslavia on July 19th, and it was announced with 'NATO does not show still us all well-informed information'. The investigation is carried out on the item which the Yugoslavia authorities designates, and the atmosphere level of VCM has reached 10600 times the concentration of the acceptable level near Pancevo, and it reports that acid rain was observed in each place. (translated by NEDO)

Viewpoint of policy science is required for measures against the global warming. Chikyu ondanka taisaku ni motomerareru seisaku kagakuteki shiza

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishioka, Shuzo [National Inst. for Environmental Studies, Tokyo, (Japan)

1990-01-25

It is a matter of course that the issue of the global warming requires management of policy science, but the ultimate target of various propositions is not just the holding back of the global warming which causes the collapse of living; it is necessary to check the propositions from the viewpoints of evasion of international strifes, security of fairness among generations, measures against uncertainty, and measures delayed from the actual phenomena. For Japan it is necessary to declare its responsibility to the environment, and make it clear that Japan pays sufficient costs and efforts. In order to exhibit its leadership, Japan must clarify its stance and then contribute to the world making the most of its unparalleled ability consolidated in the systematic and technical background of public pollution and in the cultural conception. Targeted policies will be the support of developing countries in their independent environmental management, exhibition of leadership in the environmental field and acceleration of international agreements. 4 refs., 1 fig.

Discovery of Fracture Networks in the Basal Part of Modern Hydrothermal System in Okinawa Tough, SW Japan

Science.gov (United States)

Saito, S.; Yamada, Y.; Sanada, Y.; Kido, Y. N.; Hamada, Y.; Shiraishi, K.; Hsiung, K. H.; Tsuji, T.; Eng, C.; Maeda, L.; Kumagai, H.; Nozaki, T.; Ishibashi, J. I.

2017-12-01

A scientific drilling expedition, CK16-01 was conducted by D/V Chikyu in an active hydrothermal field on the Iheya-North Knoll in Okinawa Trough in February-March, 2016 as a part of "Next-generation Technology for Ocean Resources Survey" of the Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP). During the expedition logging while drilling (LWD) was deployed to uncover the architecture of modern hydrothermal deposits near the seafloor. A downhole sequence of fracture network (stock-work) was discovered by high resolution resistivity images at Site C9023 in the southern part of the knoll. More than 500 structural features were extracted from the borehole images down to 188 meter below the seafloor. Quantitative image analyses were performed and three types of conductive fractures were identified and classified as Generation 1 (G1), Generation 2 (G2), and Generation 3 (G3) based on the crossing or cutting relationship. The average thickness of fractures decrease with generation from G1 (78 mm), G2 (57 mm), to G3 (45 mm). G1 is developed in the entire interval, whereas G2 and G3 are commonly observed in the intervals of lower gamma ray and high resistivity ( 10 ohm-m) at 77-125 m and 167-186 m where sulfide minerals hosted in silicified rocks were observed in recovered core samples. Low angle fractures (<30°) are typically developed in the interval at 120 -125 m, suggesting possible lateral hydrothermal conduits. The quantitative analysis of fracture network based on borehole images shows the detailed formation process of stock-work in the basal part of modern hydrothermal system.

Survey on research environment for young researchers in the U.S.. What attractive environment is for young researchers; Beikoku ni okeru wakate kenkyusha no kenkyu kankyo ni kansuru chosa. Wakate kenkyusha ni totte miryokutekina kankyo towa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-28

A survey was conducted on 'what attractive research environment is for young researchers' as a theme. The young researchers are referred to as those who are registered on a master's or doctor's degree courses and what is called postdoctoral scholars who received a doctor's degree. In the survey, a few common comments were seen in over interviews on the U.S. research environment. The comments were such that, needless to say, subsidies are indispensable for researches but economic aspects of treatment are not necessarily satisfactory, that the research environment is generally good, allowing freedom in research, and that results tend to be achieved by providing a subsidy for experienced knowledgeable researchers rather than directly subsidizing young researchers with a large sum, while programs with individuality such as a fellowship are desired more. It is apparent that the interests of postdoctoral scholars are economic stability; in fact, uneasiness and dissatisfaction in the status and the treatment are pointed out in a survey by the U.S. Science Academy. (NEDO)

Report of 'Survey on Asian environmental information networks'; 'Asia kankyo joho network chosa' ni kansuru hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

This project is implemented to survey the current statuses and future trends of the Asian district environment-related information networks, for the (research cooperation project for development of environmental condition measuring laser radar systems), being promoted by NEDO. First, current statuses of the network names, managing organizations, user numbers, conditions of use, protocols for use, service conditions, major domestic nodes and internationally connected conditions are surveyed mainly for internet-connected networks, for surveying the current statuses and future trends of the research networks in Asian countries. Second, current statuses in Indonesia of the network names, managing organizations, user numbers, conditions of use, protocols for use, service conditions, domestic node sites and managing organizations, charge systems and institutions, types/reliability/ stability of the circuits, and conditions of restriction of use, if any, for surveying the current statuses and future trends in Indonesia. Third, conditions of and needs for network utilization by researchers for Asian district environments. (NEDO)

Comprehensive research cooperation in environmental technology in fiscal 1995; 1995 nendo kankyo gijutsu sogo kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Cooperative study was conducted on research subjects concerning water pollution preventive technologies in China and Thailand. In China, straw pulp mills were studied which were in the Institute of Light Industry Environmental Protection and the Environmental Engineering Course of Jinghua University. The following studies were jointly conducted: survey of the water quality pollution caused by waste water, investigational study on production technology and waste water treatment technology, extraction of technologies effective to preserve water quality, study/evaluation of economical efficiency of the said technologies, etc. In Thailand, cooperative research was conducted on automatic measuring technology for factory waste water in a model industrial estate of the Thai National Industrial Estate Corporation. Items for the study were a study on measuring technology for water quality environment, an investigation on the status of water quality environment in the model industrial estate, a study on automatic measuring technology for plant waste water, a study on how to use measuring data in the model industrial estate, etc. Every study enabled technical data accumulation at every research institute through field research exchanges. 24 refs., 91 figs., 45 tabs.

Bio-technology drawing attention for solution of environmental problems. Kankyo mondai kaiketsu demo chumokusareru bio technology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimazaki, A [Bank of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1991-06-01

Explanations are given on the recent movements in the bio-technology applications. In the United States, gene therapy has been applied to patients having damaged immune system, while in Japan the first outdoor experiment is about to begin this year on gene recombined tomatoes. In the area of the marine bio-technology, researches carried out by the industrial, governmental, and academic sectors combined, led by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry have begun, which include such an attractive subject as finding out new kinds of algae living on carbon dioxide as their special favorite diet to use them to prevent the earth warming-up. On the other hand, the difficulty of bio-business is represented by the fact that venture business groups are absorbed into larger chemical companies. In Japan, the bio-business established in individual regions related to soy bean paste and Shoyu sauce industry is a distinct feature. Deregulations and review on the patent system are in progress in the United States and Germany aiming at strengthening the business competitiveness. Expectation is placed on the bio-technology that it will contribute largely in the future to solving such a critical environmental problem as experienced in the Persian Gulf war. 1 tab.

International Symposium for the Promotion of APEC Environmental Technology Exchange; APEC kankyo gijutsu koryu sokushin symposium

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-11-11

The International Symposium for the Promotion of APEC Environmental Technology Exchange was held under the theme `The function and role expected of the APEC Virtual Center,` with the objectives of clarifying the need for future intra-regional environmental technological exchange, defining the types of information and personnel exchange, and promoting the use of interactive character of the APEC Virtual Center for Environmental Technology Exchange by encouraging access to and participation in the Virtual Center project. It was held in the period of 11th and 12th, November in 1996, at the venue of Rinku International Convention Center in Osaka. The symposium was attended by 477 persons from nine countries, i.e., Australia, Canada, China, Indonesia, Korea, Philippines, Thailand, the US, and Japan, comprising staff members of intra-regional environment-related organizations. After the keynote speech, `Current status and tasks of environmental technology exchange`, and `Expected roles of the Virtual Center for Environmental Technology Exchange` were discussed. During the plenary session, the chairman summarized the symposium. This summary was carried on the Virtual Center homepage of the Internet

Development and environment of new electric automobile, `Ecovehicle`; Shingata denki jidosha eko vehicle kaihatsu to kankyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Shimizu, H [National Inst. for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba (Japan)

1996-10-27

This paper introduces history of the development of an electric automobile, `Ecovehicle`. It is provided with a high overall energy efficiency compared with an engine vehicle. The Ecovihicle is 1.2m in width, 3.3m in length, 2 seating capacities and 910kg in overall weight with serially connected 56 batteries of each 4V, 40Ah and having the total weight of 269kg. Its travel distance per charging is 130km at a speed of 80 k.p.h. This vehicle is capable of running with an energy of approximately one third as much as that of a light car. In addition, the vehicle is provided with polycrystal solar batteries placed on 0.6m{sup 2} area on the roof and spoiler generating 60W maximum. Assuming the annual duration of sunshine is 1,800 hours, charging is possible for 63kWh annually. Assuming the charging efficiency is 83%, charging is possible about seven times, which is an equivalent of travelling about 1,000km annually. The characteristics for example are the employment of brushless DC motor, use of energy saving switching element IGBT in order to realize a low level of loss in the inverter, in-wheel motor system, and storage of storage batteries in a hollow aluminum frame installed under the floor. 2 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

Emergency housing after natural disaster; Shizen saigaigo no oukyu kyoju kankyo seibi sisutemu ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kobayashi, Masami [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Graduate School of Engineering

1998-12-16

In Japan, there were some serious disasters in recent years. In 1991, Unzen-Fugendake erupted and more than 1,000 people were forced to take refuge from their houses. In 1993, Hokkaido-Nanseioki earthquake attacked the south-east area of Hokkaido and more than 3,557 houses were destroyed. In Japan, the government supplies the temporary housing to those who lost house from the natural disasters. The purpose of supplying temporary houses mentioned in the disaster relief law (established in 1947) prescribes the purpose of temporary housing that to rescue the poor who can not afford getting a shelter with their own funds. But actual condition of temporary housing is completely different. Government supplies temporary housing to all those who request temporary housing. The term of using temporary house tend to become longer. The regulation about temporary housing has not been yet up to dated. Many problems concerning about temporary housing originate in outdated regulation. The temporary housing have to be ranked in the part of restoration process from natural disaster. (author)

Environmental pollution by dioxin and its biodegradation; Dioxin ni yoru kankyo osen to sono biseibutsu bunkai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nojiri, H.; Yamane, H.; Omori, T. [Tokyo Univ. (Japan)

1998-10-20

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) exhibit similar chemical and biological properties. Because of their highly toxic activity, the pollution with these compounds, which are called dioxin-related compounds, is one of the most serious environmental problems. In this review, we described the analytical methods of dioxin-related compounds in environmental samples, especially in the exhaust gas from the incineration site of municipal solid waste. In addition, we described the present situation of environmental pollution by dioxin-related compounds, including pollution levels in environmental, human, and food samples, daily intakes, and risk assessment. On the other hand, a number of microorganisms have been reported which are able to degrade dioxin-related compounds including PCDDs and PCDFs. These microorganisms are classified into two groups, lignin-degrading white rot fungi and the dioxin-degrading bacteria. We also described the degradation pathways of dioxin-related compounds in these microorganisms, and their degradative enzymes. 47 refs., 5 figs., 4 tabs.

Application of FEM flow analysis to environmental engineering. FEM ryutai kaiseki no kankyo gijutsu eno tekiyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Higuchi, M; Ando, K; Shimada, S; Umetani, H [Toyota Motor Corp., Aichi (Japan)

1990-04-25

In order to apply FEM (finite element method) flow analysis to environmental engineering, the two-dimensional analysis system was developed, and applied to the design of plant ventilation and improvement of an enviromental control equipment. Furthermore, the three-dimensional analysis system was developed to extend its application. Since in a large scale model, no enhancement of a processing capacity was expected even by a supercomputer because of longer I/O times between internal and external memories caused by a small internal memory space, the parallel processing system with multiple external memories was introduced to analyze such models. To achieve more efficient processing, multiple series of renumbering codes were also prepared to optimize the processing order of solvers, elements and nodes. As examples, the improvement of a thermal oxidizer and the ventilation design for a forging plant, and as an example of a three-dimensional large scale model, the flow analysis around a plant were presented. 8 refs., 17 figs., 1 tab.

Synthesis of new erodable polymers response to environmental stimuli; Atarashii kankyo chowagata bunkaisei plastic no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kato, M; Nagasaki, Y [Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology

1997-02-01

This report relates to the designing of functional materials that decompose in response to various signals. A derivative of {alpha}-bromomethylstyrene is caused to act on the living anions of {alpha}-methylstyrene for the synthesis of a pyrolytic polymer having unsaturated groups at its terminals. The terminal double combinations of this polymer split under the influence of heat, acid, or base for depolymerization which is quantative, and the decomposition temperature may be controlled by replacing terminal phenylallylic groups with methyl groups or phloro-groups. Furthermore, a novel polythyramine polymer is synthesized with its principal chain constituted of NCH2CH2Si, the principal chain easy to disintegrate when exposed to an electron beam. The polymer is signal-responsive and may be patterned by use of an electron beam. As a temperature-responsive polymer with the hydrolytic feature controlled, poly(thyroxy ethylene glycol) is obtained from a derivative of diaminosiloxane and oligo-oxyethylene. This is a high-mobility, temperature-responsive material whose hydrolysis may be controlled. 3 refs., 2 figs.

Feasibility survey of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. Feasibility survey of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system in Indonesia; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Indonesia ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

With relation to the coal of Indonesia, where the expansion of the use of coal as a substitute for petroleum/plant fuel is aimed at, the paper grasped the situation of coal production/distribution/utilization and environmental problems, and analyzed the situation of the coal utilization/spread by industry including the commercial/residential use. The purpose of the survey is to work out a comprehensive master plan including Japan`s international cooperation for introducing the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system to Indonesia. Coal utilization systems, the introduction of which Indonesia should study in future, were picked up, according to the surveys in fiscal 1993 and 1994. In commercial/residential and small-scale industry sectors, needed is improvement of carbonization technology for production of coal carbonization briquette. Moreover, the introduction of bio-briquette should be studied in the future. In the power generation sector, studies should be made on the introduction of technology for SOx/NOx reduction and technology for coal ash treatment including the effective use of coal ash. For the introduction of coal boilers, the combustion mixed with bagasse, which is abundant in amount, is also necessary. In the coal production sector, coal preparation technology is studied, and a method to select the optimum process was proposed through the simulation. 76 figs., 43 tabs.

Report on investigation in fiscal 2000 of industrial technology information; 2000 nendo sangyo gijutsu joho chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Pursuing the measures for how the national research institutions in Japan who have been made into independent administrative corporations should be positioned in maintaining and developing the industrial strength, investigations were performed with the points focused on measures taken in the United States to improve research environment, and the ways the national research institutions should be. The investigation results were summarized on the following four areas: 1) transition of research and development policies, 2) on the national research organizations, 3) structuring of database for researchers in universities and national research organizations, and 4) future challenges and suggestions. Item 1) has put the subject into order of the history of establishing legislations related to the U.S. technological policies, measures to promote research and development, budgetary management, grants, and preferential treatment. In Item 2), visits and investigations were executed on government-owned, government-operated laboratories and government-owned, contractor-operated laboratories whose operation patterns are different with each other. The results were put into order of institutions, roles, personnel systems, activation measures, joint research institutions, and finance. In Item 3), a data list was prepared on researchers relative to advanced technology programs contributing greatly to enhancing the competitive edge of U.S. corporations. (NEDO)

17th Symposium of NEDO projects. Industrial technology subcommittee; Sangyo gijutsu bunkakai. Dai 17 kai jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-09-01

Described herein are the reports presented to the industrial technology subcommittee, 17th symposium of NEDO projects. For development of high-efficiency industrial furnaces by high-temperature air combustion (including regenerative combustion), high-temperature air above 1000 degrees C is used, where carbon dioxide and NOX are possibly abated by 30% or more and 50%, respectively. The worldwide development is also described. For production of high-function ceramic materials at low temperature, the soft solution process is proposed for the in-situ production of these ceramic materials from the aqueous solution without using high temperature or high energy. For example, the high-functional ceramic material can be produced in-situ on a substrate by reacting the highly active aqueous solution with the substrate by a combination of, e.g., the hydrothermal and electrochemical reactions, without needing post-treatment under heating. For the marine biological technologies, deposition of living organisms is described. A geodome is developed for utilizing very deep (50m or deeper) underground spaces. It is a dome-shaped space supported by no strut, having dimensions of 50m in diameter and 30m high not to affect the surrounding environments, e.g., underground water. The techniques for creating advanced functional materials are developed by combining, e.g., laser, plasma, ion and magnetic field in diversified manners. (NEDO)

Issues on the energy industry under the yen appreciation; Endakaka ni okeru energy sangyo no kadai. Yoyakuban

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-07-01

A tendency toward the rapid yen appreciation since spring 1995 has affected various fields of the economic society of Japan. From a broader view, it is discussed whether the Japanese economic system itself is right or wrong, and that the post-war economic system and regulation system should be largely reviewed. In a short term, the yen appreciation largely affects the export industry and is markedly influential to macro economy. At present, the yen is not as high as that in 1995, but a lot of economists assume a tendency toward medium- and long-term yen appreciation. Therefore, this paper analyzed what kinds of influences the exchange fluctuation brings to the Japanese economy and energy supply/demand. It was clarified what kinds of problems will appear in the energy industry, in particular, on the assumption that the yen will keep high in medium- and long-term. The report consists of parts 1 and 2. Described were `Simulational analysis of yen appreciation` in Part 1 and `Yen appreciation and international issues` in Part 2. 12 figs., 5 tabs.

Geochemical fixation of carbon dioxide in the environment. Chikyu kagakuteki kenchi kara no tansan'en ni yoru nisanka tanso no kotei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishikawa, M [Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

1993-06-15

The Mitsubishi Research Institute has investigated and discussed the current situation and the future direction of the studies on geochemical fixation of carbon dioxide by means of carbonates. This paper summarizes the results thereof. The discussion items are listed as follows: The current status of land areas active in carbonate fixation (lake-bottom deposits, sabkha, dry areas, carbonate rock areas); investigation on sea areas active in carbonate fixation (coral reef areas, land shelf areas, open sea areas, and mantle); development of environmental change analyzing technologies (measurement of ancient environments, measurement of fixation ages, development of local area analysis, measurement of diagenetic structures, origin and behavior of trace elements in carbonate substances, and measurement of the current environments); evaluation on fixation ability of carbon sinks (circulation and fixation in coral reef ecosystems, calcification mechanisms in calcareous algae, dissolution processes at ocean bottoms, and inorganic chemical measurement); and investigation on simulation models (solution chemistry equilibrium model and global carbonate circulation model). 4 refs., 1 tab.

The geological and petrological studies of the subduction boundaries and suggestion for the geological future work in Japan　- How to avoid ultra-mega-earthquakes -

Science.gov (United States)

Ishii, T.

2015-12-01

The Pacific plate is surrounded by circum-Pacific active margin, along which volcanic and seismic activities are very high. Ultra-Mega-Earthquakes (=UMEs, M>9.0) are occasionally observed along the margin, where sedimentary rocks of subducting slaves contact with the accreted sedimentary rocks of subducted slaves. But, those UME have never been occured along western Pacific islandarc-trench system including Izu-Ogasawara (=Bonin)-Mariana-Yap-Palau-Philippine-Tonga-Kermadec Trenches. I assume that the geological and petrological characteristics of the subduction boundaries are very important to understand those different seismic activities. Along the above mentioned trench inner wall, especially in the southern Mariana, mantle peridotites are widely distributed. Subducting slave contacts directly with the olivine dominant mantle peridotites of subducted slave, serpentinite layer can be deposited easily under hydrous oceanic sub-bottom environment and very slippery subduction boundaries are left along the subduction zone.On the other hand, those geological evidences give us some ideas on how to avoid UMEs in the Japanese Islands along Japan Trench and Nankai Trough in future. We will be able to change artificially from normal subduction boundaries with asperity zone into slippery subduction boundaries with serpentine layer, by means of serpentine mud injection toward the subduction boundaries interior by combining the following improved drilling technologies A and B. (A) Deep Sea Drilling Vessel CHIKYU has a drilling ability to reach subduction boundary with asperity zone in the Nankai Trough. (B) Advanced drilling technology in the shale gas industry is tremendous, that is, after one vertical deep drilling, horizontal drilling towards several direction are performed, then shale gas is collected by hydraulic fracturing method. I hope that, after several generations, our posterity will be able to avoid UMEs by continuous serpentine mud injection.

Report on the survey in fiscal 1998. Systematic arrangement of environment technologies. 5 (Application of advanced technologies to environmental measures); 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo gijutsu ni kansuru taikeiteki seiri. 5 (sentan gijutsu no kankyo taisaku eno oyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Global environment handling technologies were investigated and put into order. Universities often make research and development on themes that can be handled at laboratory levels or by simulations. Development at a practical application level is few. Technological seeds may include manufacture of hydrogen by water and steam decomposition using solar energy, and new synthesizing reactions utilizing solar energy. Included may also be urban type wind power generation, superconductive energy storage systems, biomass utilization, and natural energy utilization. Furthermore, CO2 recovery and utilization by liquefaction, alkaline metal heat power generation, and pulse power technologies can also be found. Studies on applying advanced technologies to environmental measures include composite materials, membrane separation, photo-catalysts, optical elements, porous bodies, functional polymers, bio-reactors, electron beams, and aeration. Private corporations are working noticeably on prevention of fluorocarbon and dioxin emission, PCB treatment and waste water treatment technologies, catalyst application technologies, recycling technologies, and incineration ash treatment and utilization technologies. (NEDO)

Feasibility survey of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. Feasibility survey of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system in the Philippines; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Philippines ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

With relation to the coal of the Philippines, where the expansion of the use of coal as a substitute for petroleum/plant fuel is aimed at, the paper grasped the situation of coal production/development, the trend of coal import and domestic distribution, the coal utilization trend, and environmental problems, and analyzed the situation of coal utilization/spread by industry including the commercial/residential use. The purpose of the survey is to draw up a master plan for the introduction of the environmentally-friendly coal utilization system. As to the use of environmentally-friendly coal technology which should be adopted to the coal mining industry and commercial/residential sector, cited are the introduction of coal preparation technology and power transmission technology, and the development/spread of briquette as a firewood substituting fuel. In the electric power sector, the problem is the treatment of ash after combustion and the effective use. Relating to the treatment of flue gas, there is no installation at all of desulfurization facilities and denitrification facilities. In the cement industry sector, they wish to return fuel from heavy oil to coal. For it, it is necessary to study dust preventive measures. In the other sectors, coal hasn`t been used very much. An increase in coal demand is not expected also in the future, and big problems concerning coal haven`t occurred. 42 figs., 64 tabs.

FY 1998 survey report on the feasibility study of environmental cooperation in environmental protection technology, system, etc. for spread to developing countries; 1998 nendo kankyo taisaku gijutsu seidonado no tojokoku fukyu ni kakawaru kankyo kyoryoku kanosei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The paper arranged the present situation and the problems of environmental cooperation for developing countries, and studied based thereon how to cooperate in environmental protection for developing countries in the future. At the same time, it arranged the problems/subjects posed when environment-related companies in Japan try to transfer environmental technology to developing countries, for the purpose of using them as data in studying possibility of reviewing the environmental cooperation presently conducted. A view on environmental cooperation is that as security of mankind, it is necessary to help developing countries in technology/knowledge/fund. However, a trial calculation indicated that the initial investment of 11.1 trillion yen is needed only for desulfurization and water treatment in China and ASEAN countries. Such a huge amount of money cannot be paid at all even by developed countries. As the support of environmental protection measures, the one also including energy and resource is needed. Further, the support of environmental protection measures should be the one that has the exhibition effect and influential effect, promotes efforts of developing countries' own, and pushes independent environmental measures forward. From this point of view, a study was made on what the details of the environmental cooperation should be like. (NEDO)

FY 1998 survey report. Industrial technology history/succession survey (Survey of originality and creativity of machinery technology of the Japanese industry); 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa (kokunai sangyo kikai gijutsu no dokusosei to sozosei no chosahen)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

From a viewpoint of long-term development/creative R and D promotion of the industrial technology of Japan, this survey clarifies where there are originality/creativity for technological innovations of Japan and contributes to selecting future technical themes and working out developmental methods. Aiming at succeeding to the industrial technology, this report arranges the results of the examinational research on machinery technology legacy conducted in FY 1998. The total number of registration is 530. The items of classification are as follows: machine tool (cutting processing, plastic processing), power/energy machine (external combustion engine, internal combustion engine, fluid machine, generator/motor), traffic machine (automobile, rolling stock, ship, aircraft, bicycle), industrial machine 1 (iron/steel-making machine, casting machine, mining machine, food producing machine, woodworking machine, textile machine, paper-making machine, printing machine, chemical machine), industrial machine 2 (agriculture/forestry/fisheries machine, civil engineering/construction machine, medical machine, ceramics machine), measuring device/experimental equipment (measuring device, experimental device, design device, machine watch/calculator), machine structure (plant, bridge), etc. (NEDO)

New city model with environmental symbiosis and energy conservation; Kankyo kyosei sho energy wo mezashita shintoshi koso

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-12-01

New city concept is studied from the viewpoints of city economy, environmental symbiosis, energy and resources, transportation, urban disaster prevention, information dissemination, etc. As the result, twelve cluster cities equipped with capabilities of state capital function and administrative business, commerce, interchange of people and goods, and recreational activities are dispersed and distributed to form a double ring, populated by 0.6 million and occupying 7000ha. In a simulation of the heat island phenomenon, the temperature is lowered by 0.2-0.3degC by the dispersion of city functions, and by 0.1-0.15degC by environmental symbiosis-related measures. Primary energy consumption is reduced by 17% by reduced demand for power and heat and energy saving of 15% is attained by recyclable energy utilization and enhanced-efficiency energy supply, all thanks to passive solar systems and higher-efficiency electric machines, photovoltaic power generation, heat pump-aided utilization of waste heat and environmental heat, electrothermal energy supply from the MCFC (molten carbonate fuel cell), etc. 64 refs., 56 figs., 25 tabs.

Bio-remediation in actual use and environmental impairment liability insurance. Bio remediation no jissai to kankyo hoken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ooka, K [AIU Insurance Company, Tokyo (Japan)

1993-08-01

This paper introduces the American International Group (AIG) which makes conceptions and risks of bio-remediation its business, as to how the Group is really working on the business. Features of the continuing remediation involving corporations managed by AIG include the following: It has economical superiority; in-situ purification of contaminated soils is possible; and it can solve contamination issues in a short time, and makes reuse of lands possible. The remediation uses a principle of promoting the contamination purifying actions of the natural world. It activates microorganisms by supplying oxygen, water, and nutrients in suitable amounts for microbial activities to decompose chemical wastes and converts them into harmless substances such as CO2. Objects of purification include petroleum-based substances, herbicides, insecticides, and solvents. Establishing optimal parameters before purification (mediator variables and population parameters) and protocols is important. The system goes through the following steps: Hydraulic and geological experts identify patterns and levels of contamination; microorganism experts find optimal parameters in laboratories; engineers design treatment systems; and site technicians operate the system. 6 refs., 3 figs.

Workshop on APEC virtual center for environmental technology exchange; APEC kankyo gijutsu koryu virtual center workshop hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

At the 'policy maker workshop of the virtual center of APEC technology exchange' held in November 1997 in Osaka, Japan, it was agreed to organize study groups to discuss the scope of information provided by the virtual center, and to make common the classification systems and retrieval functions. In addition, the necessity was confirmed on international cooperation to promote establishment of virtual centers in different countries and territories. On the first day, Professor Ueda at the Kyoto University gave the basic lecture entitled 'global environment preservation and environmental technology transfer: problems and prospects'. Mr. Dan, the workshop manager gave the basic proposal entitled 'the future directionality of environmental technology exchange inside the APEC territories by using Internet'. Based on the basic proposal made on the first day, reports and discussions were given in the following sessions, where confirmation was made on the future directions. S1: establishment of the virtual centers in other countries and territories; S2: assurance of interchangeability of classification systems and retrieval functions in providing information, and S3: presentation of examples of inter-territorial exchange and the future directionality. (NEDO)

Role of civil technology towards environmental conservation and creation; Kankyo hozen/sozo eno doboku gijutsu no yakuwari

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kato, T. [Maeda Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1995-01-15

The recent circumstances domestic and abroads around `environment` are showing a kaleidoscopic movement with the Earth Summit in 1993 as a turning point, such as the materialization of the Environmental Fundamental Law, enactment of environmental policy fundamental principle by the Ministry of Construction, and furthermore and adoption of the earth environmental action plan-agenda 21-by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers. Under the circumstances like this the civil work execution study committee has planned this panel discussion for study, for a purpose of catching hold of the environmental problem from a standpoint of the actual constructor and furthermore searching for what should be done. As a consequence, the various opinions have been presented as follows: Namely, in order to grapple with the environmental problems it is required for that a co-operation work of the civil engineers should be done with the people in the other field. As for the environmental problems, a discussion forecasted for the future is necessary. Because an environment itself is fuzzy matter, it would be better not to give the too clear solution for a concept. An attitude to make much of the matter which can not be counted is needed. The mitigation (influence alleviation countermeasure) is required for applying flexibly.

Workshop on APEC virtual center for environmental technology exchange; APEC kankyo gijutsu koryu virtual center workshop hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

At the 'policy maker workshop of the virtual center of APEC technology exchange' held in November 1997 in Osaka, Japan, it was agreed to organize study groups to discuss the scope of information provided by the virtual center, and to make common the classification systems and retrieval functions. In addition, the necessity was confirmed on international cooperation to promote establishment of virtual centers in different countries and territories. On the first day, Professor Ueda at the Kyoto University gave the basic lecture entitled 'global environment preservation and environmental technology transfer: problems and prospects'. Mr. Dan, the workshop manager gave the basic proposal entitled 'the future directionality of environmental technology exchange inside the APEC territories by using Internet'. Based on the basic proposal made on the first day, reports and discussions were given in the following sessions, where confirmation was made on the future directions. S1: establishment of the virtual centers in other countries and territories; S2: assurance of interchangeability of classification systems and retrieval functions in providing information, and S3: presentation of examples of inter-territorial exchange and the future directionality. (NEDO)

Preparation for environment of residences. Residence and information facilities; Sumai no kankyo zukuri. Sumai to joho setsubi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nanjo, K. [Mitsubishi Electric Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1994-09-05

Taking up the home automation (HA) as the information facility of residence, business and technical trend of HA system together with its present and future condition are described. The service functions of HA system used for multiple dwelling houses are home telephone function, security function, control function and visual communication function. Besides, development concept of dormitory control system and service functions which are attractive to people like owner, manager and residents are described. As for its trend in foreign countries, though in France HA system under government guidance was applied in the 1980`s, it was not successful and market related to HA system was held in check. Since 1990`s, due to government policy for its introduction, this system is getting popular in the residences of disabled person, advanced age person and so forth. As for the development of HA system, more improvement not only indoor the home but also comfort, safety and so forth linking to the outdoor system is necessary. 6 figs.

Environmental improvement in drying process of plastics part paint; Jushi buhin toso kanso kotei no kankyo kaizen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamura, T.; Horii, H.; Kobayashi, T.; Hayashida, T. [Hino Motors, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-07-01

A method is developed of applying near infrared rays to the drying of paint coatings on resin-made automobile parts, and its environment improving effects are described. Using the conventional hot-air dryer for the drying of such coatings, the portion near the top surface is hardened prior to the other portions because the heat is absorbed near the top surface. Using an infrared drying system, however, defects in the product surface attributable to the lack of uniformity in the hardening of paint or to the splashing of solvent are remedied because deeper portions are hardened first. Experiment and study are conducted for the purpose of applying a near infrared drying method to an ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) coating. It is found that the near infrared drying method takes only seven minutes to dry a paint coating for which a hot-air furnace will take 20 minutes, thus shortening the drying time a great deal. Defects of gas hole of coatings are generally dealt with by changing the setting time and drying conditions for example by increasing the amount of the diluting thinner. When an near infrared drying method is used, the amount of the diluting thinner is reduced approximately 50% from the amount required using the hot-air drying method in case of the thickness of 60{mu}m. 2 refs., 9 figs., 2 tabs.

Resources, environment and solid waste management; Shigen {center{underscore}dot} kankyo mondai to haikibutsu shori no tenkai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takeda, Nobuo [Kyoto University, Kyoto (Japan). Department of Environmental Engineering

1999-09-20

Solid waste management should be considered in close relation to conservation of energy and resources. The history and situation of solid waste management in Japan is outlined and the new concept of waste management is discussed for sustainable development. (author)

Project to promote exchange of international information on environmental technologies; Kankyo gijutsu kokusai joho koryu sokushin jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Mutual information exchange at international levels is important for practical application of global environment preservation technologies, whereas the APEC Virtual Center was established in fiscal 1997. Fiscal 1998 has discussed the future functions of the Virtual Center, and carried out the following matters to improve the functions and achieve its stable operation. Discussions were given on common use with the centers of other countries and regions of the specifications of classification systems for information areas and provided information that are provided by the Virtual Center. Visits were made to sub-managing countries and regions for smooth operation of the study groups, and opinions were exchanged. Visits were made to coordinators and contact points established in each country and region when the Center was founded in fiscal 1997. A visit was made to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to exchange opinions on coordination measures with the Cleaner Production Strategy of the U.S.A. being a project similar to the subject project. In order to strengthen the Japan's Center, attempts were made to expand the linking information to wider scope. Special pages publishing concentratedly the items of information that the users are interested were prepared as part of the information provision. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 report on international joint research project for preventing global warming; 1998 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi kokusai kyodo kenkyu jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-12-01

Japanese researchers were dispatched to research institutes abroad for conducting joint studies on nine subjects for which such efforts would work effectively. The researchers were sent to various research institutes in the U.S., Britain, Germany, and others. The nine subjects were (1) the application of the most up-to-date welding and bonding technologies to liquid hydrogen storage/transportation containers, (2) development of low-temperature high-activity metal catalysts for energy conservation processes, (3) study of CO2 emission behavior using a large-scale simulator of deep sea circumstances, (4) study of condensation control for steam and chemical species in the global atmosphere, (5) numerical analysis of semiconductor crystal growth for ultralow loss power device, (6) development of sulfur-rich hydrocarbon gasification technology using a metal melting furnace, (7) assessment of techniques for evaluating origins of environmental pollution gas, geothermal gas, and soil gas using multiple isotopes, (8) analysis of behavior of the steam circulation type turbine system, and (9) the embodiment of a large premixed compression ignition engine. (NEDO)

Survey of implementation plan constructed for `the New Earth 21 Project`; Chikyu saisei keikaku no jisshi keikaku sakusei ni kansuru chosa jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

It is necessary to establish scenarios for reducing CO2 emissions and for developing CO2 emission control technologies to obtain a global consensus, using appropriate analytical models. For modification of the DNE-21 (Dynamic New Earth 21) model, it has a category designated as innovative technologies not involving CO2 emission and an optional consideration for the absorption of atmospheric CO2 by biomass. A global carbon circulation model, including vegetation in its scope, is also incorporated. Major results of the simulation are shown. When 20% reduction in CO2 emissions is required for only OECD countries after the year 2020, it has been demonstrated that CO2 concentration in the atmosphere will reach as high as about 900 ppm in 2100 due to CO2 emission by developing countries, and will not be a tolerable level. Under the condition that CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is controlled at 450 ppm in 2100, the amount of renewable source of energy from photovoltaic power generation and biomass will increase and technologies of CO2 recovery and storage will decrease. Research and development of the production of methanol from recovered CO2 will be adopted as innovative technology for CO2 measures. 69 refs., 112 figs., 79 tabs.

Research report of innovation of industrial technology in FY 1996; 1996 nendo sangyo gijutsu no innovation chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Remarkable innovations of the Japanese industry in various fields have been extracted and evaluated during the 50 post-war years. In this report, a method of capturing the innovations of industrial technology is examined. It is essential to clarify the social role of industrial technology, and the original views of this research are indicated by focusing on the innovation process in order to clarify the connections between those of mutual industry, technical management, man-power, and unique Japanese technology. The innovations achieved by the Japanese industry during post-war 50 years are classified into eight categories, i.e., automobiles, iron, aero-space/railways, machines, national land/energy, chemicals/fine ceramics, electronics/information/communication, and life, to clarify the technological progress in each field. In Japan, the industrial technology has been developed with learning from fundamental researches in Europe and the USA. In the future, it is necessary to independently develop industrial frontier. 4 figs., 47 tabs.

NEDO industrial technology subcommittee. 18th project report meeting; NEDO sangyo gijutsu bunkakai. Dai 18 kai jigyo hokokukai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

In relation to NEDO's (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) research and development to put to practical use a ceramic substrate material which is sinterable at low temperature and capable of high heat radiation, a report is delivered on a low-temperature continuous baking process that realizes the mass production of aluminum nitride substrates high in heat conduction and reliability. The report says that the product has a relative density of 100% and exhibits heat conductivity of not less than 160W/mK, flexural strength of 440MPa, and fracture toughness of not less than 3.8MPa. Concerning the research and development of synergistic ceramics, studies are reported on the technologies of high-order structure control and structural element control. In relation with the technology of rendering enzyme protein thermally stable by means of molecular evolution, reports are delivered on enabling enzyme protein to withstand higher temperatures, genetic manipulation of highly thermophilic microbes, building of heat resistance with the progress of evolution, stabilization of enzymes, and the adaptation of thermophilic bacterial enzyme to normal temperature. Concerning the atom technology project, the result of the 1st phase is reported, and development in the future is predicted. Reported in relation to superconducting materials and devices is the development of a material capable of withstanding a high current density and strong magnetic field. (NEDO)

NEDO industrial technology subcommittee. 18th project report meeting; NEDO sangyo gijutsu bunkakai. Dai 18 kai jigyo hokokukai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

In relation to NEDO's (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) research and development to put to practical use a ceramic substrate material which is sinterable at low temperature and capable of high heat radiation, a report is delivered on a low-temperature continuous baking process that realizes the mass production of aluminum nitride substrates high in heat conduction and reliability. The report says that the product has a relative density of 100% and exhibits heat conductivity of not less than 160W/mK, flexural strength of 440MPa, and fracture toughness of not less than 3.8MPa. Concerning the research and development of synergistic ceramics, studies are reported on the technologies of high-order structure control and structural element control. In relation with the technology of rendering enzyme protein thermally stable by means of molecular evolution, reports are delivered on enabling enzyme protein to withstand higher temperatures, genetic manipulation of highly thermophilic microbes, building of heat resistance with the progress of evolution, stabilization of enzymes, and the adaptation of thermophilic bacterial enzyme to normal temperature. Concerning the atom technology project, the result of the 1st phase is reported, and development in the future is predicted. Reported in relation to superconducting materials and devices is the development of a material capable of withstanding a high current density and strong magnetic field. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the study of energy conservation by industrial field recycling of global warming gas as a policy for the global environmental problem and the survey of international cooperation application; 2000 nendo chikyu kankyo mondai taisaku to shite no ondanka gas no sagyo bun'ya recycle ni yoru sho energy ka kento to kokusai kyoryoku tekiyo chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In this report, for Japan and typical developing countries and for the CO2 emitted from the combustion process of the fixed type exhaust source which is easy in recovery, technical problems and economical problems were made clear in case of using the recovered CO2 for the industrial field, and at the same time, effects of the energy conservation were studied. As to CO2, the two methods were considered: a method to use the recovered CO2 as it is and a method to use the carbon compound obtained by reducing CO2 by any method. Further, in the industrial field, there are a lot of industries which use CO2, carbon, methanol, etc., and in the present situation fossil fuel is used for production materials such as CO2, carbon and methanol. As substitutes for fossil fuels for the industries using these hydrocarbons as raw material, the use of the recovered CO2 and the synthesized hydrocarbon was considered. And, survey was made of the applicable industrial fields, the amount of the recovered CO2 use there, and effects of energy conservation by reduction in amount of the fossil fuel use. (NEDO)

Report on technological achievements in fiscal 1999. Institutions for research and development of new environmental industry creating type technologies (Development of harmful substance reducing device for incineration furnaces using high-efficiency power pulse technology); 1999 nendo shinki kankyo sangyo soshutsugata kenkyu kaihatsu seido seika hokokusho. Kokoritsu pulse power gijutsu wo mochiita shokyakuroyo yugai busshitsu sakugen sochi no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Development has been proceeded on a harmful substance (SOx, NOx, Dioxine, etc.) reducing device for incineration furnaces that can be installed retroactively to existing incineration facilities, using high-efficiency power pulse technology of energy saving type, and discharge in honeycomb ceramics. The developmental activities were advanced by dividing them into researches on (1) research of gas decomposing devices, (2) research of pulse plasma electric power source, and (3) research of SI thyristor for pulse. In the research (1), a pulse plasma experiment and a gas decomposing experiment were performed. In the former experiment, discussions were given on effects of discharge electrode structure on discharge in the honeycomb ceramics, wherein it was made clear that employing the mesh-comb type electrode structure can realize discharge along the ceramics surface. In the latter experiment, it was revealed that the simulated gas (dibenzofuran) can be decomposed to 90% by using a coaxial cylindrical reaction device. In the research (2), studies were performed on increasing voltage and current in the device, as well as on semiconductor driving circuits. In the research (3), studies were made on the high-quality gate zone forming method and the quality conduction zone forming method. (NEDO)

Evaluation of atherosclerotic lesions using dextran- and mannan–dextran-coated USPIO: MRI analysis and pathological findings

Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

Mukaisho K

2012-05-01

Full Text Available Keiko Tsuchiya1, Norihisa Nitta1, Akinaga Sonoda1, Ayumi Nitta-Seko1, Shinichi Ohta1, Masashi Takahashi1, Kiyoshi Murata1, Kenichi Mukaisho2, Masashi Shiomi3, Yasuhiko Tabata4, Satoshi Nohara51Department of Radiology, 2Department of Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 3Institute for Experimental Animals, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, 4Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 5Nagoya Research Laboratory, Meito Sangyo, Kiyosu, Aichi, JapanAbstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI can detect atherosclerotic lesions containing accumulations of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIO. Positing that improved USPIO with a higher affinity for atherosclerotic plaques would yield better plaque images, we performed MRI and histologic studies to compare the uptake of dextran- and mannan–dextran-coated USPIO (D-USPIO and DM-USPIO, respectively by the atherosclerotic walls of rabbits. We intravenously injected atherosclerotic rabbits with DM-USPIO (n = 5 or D-USPIO (n = 5. Two rabbits were the controls. The doses delivered were 0.08 (dose 1 (n = 1, 0.4 (dose 2 (n = 1, or 0.8 (dose 3 (n = 3 mmol iron/Kg. The dose 3 rabbits underwent in vivo contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA before and 5 days after USPIO administration. Afterwards, all animals were euthanized, the aortae were removed and subjected to in vitro MRI study. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR of the aortic wall in the same region of interest (ROI was calculated in both in vivo and in vitro studies. Histological assessment through measurement of iron-positive regions in Prussian blue-stained specimens showed that iron-positive regions were significantly larger in rabbits injected with DM- rather than D-USPIO (P < 0.05 for all doses. In vivo MRA showed that the SNR-reducing effect of DM- was greater than that of D-USPIO (P < 0.05. With in vitro MRI scans, SNR was significantly

Photovoltaic power generation field test at Industrial Technology Research Institute. Prefectural office building in a sunshine-rich district (Kanagawa Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Institute); Sangyo gijutsu sogo kenkyusho taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (nissha ryoko chiku no kenchosha). Kanagawaken sangyo gijutsu sogo kenkyusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okazaki, H [Kanagawa Prefectural Government Office, Yokohama (Japan)

1997-05-30

The result of a photovoltaic power generation field test in fiscal 1996 on a prefectural office building in a sunshine-rich district is reported. It is a lighting power source installed in fiscal 1994 on the third-floor rooftop of the management information building of Kanagawa Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Institute. It has a capacity of 25kW, operating on system interconnection (no back flow), and has a single 15-series/26-parallel array (mono-crystal modules) facing 38deg westward from due south and inclined at an elevation angle of 20deg. From the 240000kWh insolation that contributed to power generation, a DC power output of 28000kWh was obtained, output of 25000kWh after conversion into AC. The module efficiency was 10.8-13.8%, higher when the daily mean temperature was lower. In the case of 3kW type expected to diffuse into the residential and commercial sector and household sector, one will output 3000kWh a year, which is an appropriate capacity as a locally distributed type power generating system in view of the monthly consumption of 2000kWh by a household in general in the Tokyo Electric Power Co., Ltd. service area. No problem is found in reliability of the tested system. Although the power it generates is less than what this office consumes, it is effective in enlightening people about resources saving and peak cut in summer

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for new industry creation type industrial science technologies. Cluster ion beam process technology; 2000 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seido seika hokokusho. Cluster ion beam process technology

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of development of cluster ion beams. This technology generates the strong ion beams of atom and molecule clusters, and irradiate them onto the solid surfaces, to create new materials or treat materials. It allows the nano-level treatment. The program for high-current cluster ion beam generation/irradiation technology for industrial purposes attains the target high-current beam of 500{mu}m. It is necessary to establish the optimum cluster size, irradiated energy and ion species for the highly functional surface treatment, for which applicable technologies, e.g., those related to time of flight and molecular dynamics, are developed. Studies on high-current, large-area irradiation technologies are started. The program for material processing technologies involves evaluation of crystalline defects formed during the beam implantation by photoluminescence spectroscopy, and studies on semiconductor surface processing technologies. The surface smoothening technology is investigated to reduce crystalline defects and stress-induced strains for difficult-to-process materials, e.g., SiC and diamond, and the good results are produced. The program for development of superflat/superhard thin film formation technology involves irradiation of the Ar ion beams during the deposition of C{sub 60}(fullerene), to produce the superhard thin film. (NEDO)

Research of fragranced air, environmental aroma, to human and its application. Kankyo hoko no koka to sono oyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hashimoto, S. (Shimizu Construction Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan))

1991-06-01

The effect of lemon, jasmine and lavender aroma on people was studied through environmental aroma experiments by 270 subjects in a meeting room for two months. As a result, the high percentage of positive responses was obtained on the sense of air cleanliness and efficiency of meetings, and a statistical significance was, in particular, obtained in the case of lemon as smoking was permitted. It was suggested that aroma had physiological and phychological effect even under conditions where the subjects were not necessarily aware of aroma. The effect of the same three aromas was also studied through experiments by 13 subjects in a VDT room for one month. As a result, the number of keypunch errors decreased in every aroma although punching speeds decreased slightly, and lemon showed a significant difference among three aromas. Based on these experimental results, the aroma generator was developed, and more than 30 environmental aroma systems combined with air conditioning ducts have been installed in Japan. 20 refs., 5 figs., 6 tabs.

Report on the environmental safety evaluation sub-committee in fiscal 1992; 1992 nendo kankyo anzensei hyoka bukai hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1993-03-01

This paper reports the activities of the environmental safety evaluation sub-committee for the coal liquefaction plant in fiscal 1992. The sub-committee, upon having received reports on the result of environmental safety evaluation tests performed in fiscals 1991 and 1992 by NEDO, deliberated and discussed carefully the contents thereof. In order to ensure labor hygiene for coal liquefaction plant workers, health influence on liquefied oil users, and social acceptability of the liquefied oil, NEDO has performed the comprehensive brown coal pilot plant operation and oil safety tests. The tests are in accordance with the labor safety and hygiene law, the chemicals examination law, and the MPD issued by OECD, and performed on each fraction produced in the pilot plant and the whole fraction mixing the former fractions, using rats, rabbits, and guinea pigs. The test items included: acute inhalation toxicity and oral repeated administration (using rats); eye stimulation, repeated coating and skin stimulation (using rabbits); photo-toxicity (using guinea pigs); mutagenicity tests (microorganisms, bacteria and chromosome anomaly); resolution tests; fish toxicity; concentration degrees; algae growth obstruction; and water flea breeding obstruction. As the result, the toxicity was found light. (NEDO)

To create and built urban environment for disaster mitigation; Saigai ni tsuyoii toshi kankyo no sozo no tameni

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Murozaki, Masuteru [Kobe University, Kobe (Japan)

1999-06-10

Learning from disaster of the Hanshin{center_dot}Awaji Earthquake, the need for building disaster preventing town is explained. Scheme of is prevalent among the townspeople. Administrations also tend to think light of hardware, and they treate approaches lightly in which safety of hardwares of town structures is secured. There are basic questions such as learning cases of reconstruction in advanced cities, understanding that problem is in hardware rather than in software, and removing biases on disaster prevention. It is necessary that persons concerning construction give them positive solutions as problems of themselves. (NEDO)

Measuring approach for effect of refreshmental acceleration into the soil environment; Kankyo sosei kasoku koka no ikkeikeisoku apurochi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isogai, H. [Electrotechnical Laboratorys, Tsukuba (Japan)

1998-12-05

This paper mainly describes to a measuring method for effect of refreshmental acceleration into the soil which were employing hamlet of micro organisms for accelerating revival or refreshment of environment especially purification of sludge in bottom of polluted ponds, lakes and grounds. (author)

Ecological processes for Environmental Impact Assessment in Coastal Waters; Engan no kankyo eikyo hyoka (EIA) eno seitaigakuteki apurochi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ishikawa, Kimitoshi. [Environmental Assessment Dept., Tokyo (Japan)

1999-03-25

This paper focuses on a method for estimating adverse effects on natural environment by economic development in coastal waters in Japan. In particular, the most critical relations concerning the impact on marine organisms is pointed out and discussed according to an environmental impact assessment. Relations between environmental impact assessment and marine organisms needs a quantitative ecological approach in order to succeed in sustainable development of coastal waters management. Recently, the Environment Agency of Japan pointed out the unreliability and the theme on accuracy and the staff for biology and ecology in the environmental impact study. Ecological response to environmental impact occurs in a wide spectrum of physiological and biological and biological functions. Therefore biological monitoring measures must correspond to the given time-space scale of natural mechanisms. For the evaluation of environmental impact, it is desire able to develop of experimental technics and collect biological and ecological basic data for the object. I Reconstructing the following: 1. Reconstructing a clearlistic EIA process by EIA agencies and practitioners, 2. Scorping the biological and ecological issues by EIA professionals, 3. Using the current computer technology, 4. Considering monitoring systems over scales of time and space for the ecological target and 5. Making available to public all monitoring data and reports of EIA. (author)

NEDO environmental technology subcommittee. 18th project report meeting; NEDO kankyo gijutsu bunkakai. Dai 18 kai jigyo hokokukai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

In relation with the 'recent trends of global warming problems and the outline of environmental technology development office activities,' Hiroshi Mitsukawa, a NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) director, delivers a report on Japan's policy toward the international commitments of the Kyoto session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and NEDO's approach in this connection to new energy technology development. Furthermore, global environment-related industry technology research and development projects are explained, which involve environmentally friendly production technology, reduction in substances that cause environmental impacts, effective use of CO2 fixation, recycling of wastes, environment restoration technology, international relationship, and so forth. In relation with the 'promotion of global warming prevention projects by the environmental technology development office,' researches for the promotion of joint implementation, climate technology initiative, international joint projects for CO2 isolation in the ocean, and IEA (International Energy Agency) agreement on the research and development of technologies related to greenhouse gas, are explained. Concerning the development of eco-cement production technology utilizing urbane type general wastes, a verification research project on the manufacture of cement from incinerated urbane waste residue and sewage sludge is reported. (NEDO)

Research and development of laser radar for environmental measurement. 2; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kenkyu kaihatsu. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

This project was received by Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association from NEDO, and aims to contribute to the improvement of Indonesia's environmental administration through the development of an air pollution observing laser radar (LR) and of an environmental information network system fit for use in the country in cooperation with Indonesian engineers. LRs will be installed at several sites in an urban area where environmental problems are increasingly serious, and a observation network system will be constructed to link the laser radar sites. The observed data will be collected, analyzed, and processed by an observation data processing center for the investigation of the three-dimensional spatial distribution of air pollution to determine the actual state of air pollution over an urban area. The laser radars and the network will be placed in the city of Djakarta. The Indonesian authority responsible for the project is Indonesian Institute of Sciences. In fiscal 1994, part of the equipment (difference absorbing LR) was designed and manufactured, the design of the environmental information network system was developed, and various researches required in this connection were conducted. (NEDO)

Measures to prevent global warming, and NEDO's energy-saving model projects; Chikyu ondanka boshi taisaku to NEDO sho energy model jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

Described herein are United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the world AIJ (Activities Implemented Jointly) projects, and the Japan's measures and NEDO's energy-saving model projects therefor. NEDO has been inviting the public to join the contests for the projects to be implemented as part of the AIJ Japan program for the first time since April 1996. A total of 11 projects were adopted in July, including the model project for recovering heat from red-hot coke with inert gas, to be implemented by NEDO in China. After the first invitation, an individual proposal will be accepted and examined for which no time limit is set. The NEDO's model projects approved so far include demonstration studies on facilities for effective utilization of paper-making sludge, waste heat recovery at steel furnaces, energy-saving at electric furnaces for alloys, effective utilization of waste heat at garbage incinerators, and power saving at cement kilns. (NEDO)

Research on elaboration of the action plan for the New Earth 21; `Chikyu saisei keikaku` no jisshi keikaku sakusei ni kansuru chosa jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Elaboration of the action plan for the New Earth 21 plan proposed by Japan in Houston Summit was researched. In fiscal 1995 three types of energy supply/demand scenarios, sensitivity analysis under various conditions, and cases presupposing CO2 emission regulations or not were evaluated by analysis toward 2050 using the New Earth 21 Model (NE 21 Model). Energy-saving is important, and CO2 recovery/treatment technology is introduced according to CO2 emission regulations, while attention is focussed on biomass energy. The issue of solar and wind power generation is cost reduction. In a presupposed horizontally integrated energy system, methanol represents an important intermediate energy. As a whole, CO2 reduction can be achieved by various combinations of energy-saving, introduction of regenerative energy, and CO2 recovery/treatment technology. Case studies of the action plan were conducted by unifying the evaluation criterion on coal IGCC, photovoltaic generation and biomass. The NE 21 Model was useful for elaboration of the reduction scenarios of CO2 emission. 26 refs., 84 figs., 28 tabs.

Function of coral reef for glbal scale circulation of carbon dioxide. Chikyu kobo no CO sub 2 junkan ni okeru sangosho no yakuwari

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kayane, H [Geological Survey of Japan, Tokyo (Japan)

1990-12-01

Together with the global warming problem, it becomes important to elucidate the carbon dioxide circulation in global scale mechanism. Within a part of that elucidation, explanation of function and ecology was made of coral reef, fixing carbon dioxide through two passages, ie., formation of potassium carbonate skeleton and formation of organic matter. The coral reef is judged to become effective sink of carbon dioxide by the photosynthesis by symbiotic seaweed in coral body and coral formation of potassium carbonate skeleton. The coral reef is higher than the tropical rain forest in diversity and productivity of biological matter. In addition, the formation of potassium carbonate also fixes carbon dioxide. Its producing rate of organic matter is 2.5kgC/m {sup 2}/year, which is 20 times as high as that of offshore region. Also, its sedimentary rate is more than several hundreds of times as high as that by Foraminifera in the offshore region. Therefore, its effective control is important, though it still has unknown points. 22 refs., 13 figs., 1 tab.

Fresh Vegetables in the food service Industry its purchasing system; Gaishoku sangyo ni okeru seisen seikabutsu no chotatsu shisutemu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Oda, K. [Food Service Industry Survey and Research Center, Tokyo (Japan)

1999-09-05

The environment which surrounds production, distribution, consumption of vegetables changes. A demand for the business a household economy demand of vegetables stagnates by the increase of eating out and lunches demand in the food consumption as a long-term tendency, and the tendency as vigorousness continues. In addition, a demand for domestic organic and special cultivation vegetables from the increase of the healthy and safe orientation of the consumer heightens. In this paper, what kind of new movement occurs in environmental change which surrounds these vegetables is arranged. (NEDO)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999. Survey on possibilities of environmental cooperation in relation with proliferation of environment preservation technologies and institutions in developing countries; 1999 nendo kankyo taisaku gijutsu seido nado no tojokoku fukyu ni kakawaru kankyo kyoryoku kanoseichosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Cooperation in energy and environment aspects with developing countries is considered very important in view of the following points: (1) the cooperation will help developing countries to grow economically while minimizing the damages from industrial pollution and environmental problems; (2) conservation of energies and promotion of use of new energies will contribute to solving pollution problems associated with energy production, and will result in assurance of stability of primary energy availability for Japan; (3) preservation of environments in countries exporting foods to Japan will link to maintaining health of Japanese people and increasing their welfare; and (4) Japanese industrial pollution preventing technologies and knowledge whose levels are high worldwide may be utilized to create new business chances for Japanese business entities. The present survey has discussed the importance by territories, the importance by cooperation modes, and sharing of roles by governmental and private organizations, and performed case studies. Considerations were given from the discussion results on how the environmental projects should be planned in the environment cooperation, the contents to be of win/win from the viewpoint of motivation, the project image for subjected territories being composite and comprehensive, and the cases from the viewpoint of mutual coexistence referred to as prevention of global warming and assurance of food and energy resources. (NEDO)

Investigations in fiscal 2000 on feasibility of environment friendly coal utilization system. Feasibility survey on environment friendly coal utilization system in India; 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa hokokusho. Indo ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Taking the area of the clean coal technology (CCT) effective for energy conservation and environment preservation as the object, a feasibility survey has been performed on executing a model project in India. About 70% of the total power generation capacity in India depends upon coals existing in abundance inside the country. Since the local coals are high in ash, low in sulfur, and low in calorie, the environmental problem related to thermal power plants is the disposition of fly ash. The Central Electricity Authority of India expects solving this problem by CCT introduction. It also expects increase in combustion efficiency by using ultra-critical boilers. The Indian cement industry often uses in-house electric power generation facilities because of high electric power cost, wherein the produced coal ash is used as a cement raw material. The matter of the strongest interest is the introduction of a high-efficiency combustion system that depends on low-grade coals. Among the CCTs, strong interest was shown in the fluidized bed cement kiln and the circulating fluidized bed boiler. The iron and steel industry has expectations toward effective coal washing technologies and coke manufacturing technologies. (NEDO)

Report on a fiscal 1995 basic survey of the environmental engineering. Investigational study on the systematization of the environmental business related information; 1995 nendo kankyo business no engineering ka kiso chosa hokokusho. Kankyo business kanren joho no system ka ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-05-01

An investigational study was conducted on directionality of arranging the environmental business related information, based on the analysis of the status of arrangement of the environmental business related information and the examination of the needs for the environmental business related information. As the directionality of arranging the environmental business related information which is most suitable for enterprises and research institutes to use, the following were considered: (1) arrangement of a system for effective use of the information owned by environmental related organs; (2) arrangement of a system for supply of the environmental business related information mainly to medium and small companies; (3) arrangement of the environmental business related information forum. In (1), it is necessary to arrange the system for the joint use of information owned by each institute. In (2), the tackling with the environmental business should be supported by arranging the system for information supply from big companies to medium and small companies. In (3), it is necessary to arrange the information forum, and it is necessary to control information thoroughly for the management for prevention of bad deeds of brokers. 7 refs., 19 figs., 21 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system feasibility study. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in Thailand; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Tai ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper investigated and studied the present situation and future trend of coal utilization and distribution in Thailand, and the present situation of environmental effects and the measures taken for environmental protection. Around 2010, coal will probably be produced only at EGAT`s Mae Moh (MM) coal mine. Demand for overseas coal is expected to be 40-50 million tons in 2011, and preparation of the coal center becomes a subject. For general industry use coal, pretreatment such as coal preparation, coal blending and briquetting is needed, considering coal quality, usage, transport distance and environmental effects. Brown coal of MM coal mine is a lignite with high sulfur, high ash content and low heating value. Wide spread of its use can be expected if upgrading is possible such as desulfurization, deashing, increasing heating value. In the electric power generation field, the absorber was installed at the existing boiler of the mine-mouth generating plant to conduct a verification test on high grade desulfurization of ultra-high sulfur lignite. In the industry field, the circulating fluidized bed boiler was adopted. In the residential/commercial field, introduction of briquette was proposed. 80 refs., 84 tabs.

Identification and characterization of the active hydrothermal deposits in Okinawa Trough, SW Japan: Estimates from logging-while-drilling

Science.gov (United States)

Saito, S.; Sanada, Y.; Moe, K.; Kido, Y. N.; Hamada, Y.; Kumagai, H.; Nozaki, T.; Takai, K.; Suzuki, K.

2015-12-01

A scientific drilling expedition was conducted at an active hydrothermal field on the Iheya-North Knoll by D/V Chikyu in 2014 (Expedition 907) as a part of "Next-generation Technology for Ocean Resources Survey" of the Cross-ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program. During the expedition logging while drilling (LWD) was deployed to constrain the area of the fluid reservoir beneath seafloor followed by three coring holes down to 150 meter below the seafloor (mbsf). The LWD system is composed of arcVISION for resistivity and natural gamma ray measurement and TeleScope for real-time transmission of drilling parameters and arcVISION data. Five sites (C9011-15) at the Iheya-North Original Site and one site (C9016) at Aki Site were drilled with LWD. At C9012 and C9016, the arcVISION detected temperature anomaly up to 84℃ at 234 mbsf and up to 39℃ at 80 mbsf, respectively. The temperature quickly increases at that depth and it would reflect the existence of high-temperature heat source along borehole. Due to the continuous fluid circulation during drilling, the measured temperature does not indicate in-situ temperature, but it reflects the heat disturbed by the cold circulated water instead. High quality resistivity and natural gamma ray data were acquired at six sites. The log curves at Site C9016 show characteristic response; the natural gamma ray log exhibits extremely high radiation (>500 gAPI) at 7-13 and 23-31 mbsf (Zone A). In the underlying interval of 31-40 mbsf, the resistivity log exhibits extremely low value (LWD-based lithological interpretation was confirmed by the following core description. Zones A and B can be correlated to altered clay zone and sulfide zone including sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, and pyrite. Our results show that LWD is a powerful tool for the identification and characterization of submarine hydrothermal deposits and LWD survey enhances the successful recovery of sulfide samples.

Cultivation of methanogenic community from 2-km deep subseafloor coalbeds using a continuous-flow bioreactor

Science.gov (United States)

Imachi, H.; Tasumi, E.; Morono, Y.; Ito, M.; Takai, K.; Inagaki, F.

2013-12-01

Deep subseafloor environments associated with hydrocarbon reservoirs have been least explored by previous scientific drilling and hence the nature of deep subseafloor life and its ecological roles in the carbon cycle remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed cultivation of subseafloor methanogenic communities using a continuous-flow bioreactor with polyurethane sponges, called down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor. The sample used for the reactor cultivation was obtained from 2 km-deep coalbeds off the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan, the northwestern Pacific, during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 337 using a riser drilling technology of the drilling vessel Chikyu. The coalbed samples were incubated anaerobically in the DHS reactor at the in-situ temperature of 40°C. Synthetic seawater supplemented with a tiny amount of yeast extract, acetate, propionate and butyrate was provided into the DHS reactor. After 34 days of the bioreactor operation, a small production of methane was observed. The methane concentration was gradually increased and the stable carbon isotopic composition of methane was consistency 13C-depleted during the bioreactor operation, indicating the occurrence of microbial methanogenesis. Microscopic observation showed that the enrichment culture contained a variety of microorganisms, including methanogen-like rod-shaped cells with F420 auto-fluorescence. Interestingly, many spore-like particles were observed in the bioreactor enrichment. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA genes showed the growth of phylogenetically diverse bacteria and archaea in the DHS reactor. Predominant archaeal components were closely related to hydrogenotrophic methanogens within the genus Methanobacterium. Some predominant bacteria were related to the spore-formers within the class Clostridia, which are overall in good agreement with microscopic observations. By analyzing ion images using a nano-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (Nano

Exploring frontiers of the deep biosphere through scientific ocean drilling

Science.gov (United States)

Inagaki, F.; D'Hondt, S.; Hinrichs, K. U.

2015-12-01

Since the first deep biosphere-dedicated Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 201 using the US drill ship JOIDES Resolution in 2002, scientific ocean drilling has offered unique opportunities to expand our knowledge of the nature and extent of the deep biosphere. The latest estimate of the global subseafloor microbial biomass is ~1029cells, accounting for 4 Gt of carbon and ~1% of the Earth's total living biomass. The subseafloor microbial communities are evolutionarily diverse and their metabolic rates are extraordinarily slow. Nevertheless, accumulating activity most likely plays a significant role in elemental cycles over geological time. In 2010, during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 329, the JOIDES Resolutionexplored the deep biosphere in the open-ocean South Pacific Gyre—the largest oligotrophic province on our planet. During Expedition 329, relatively high concentrations of dissolved oxygen and significantly low biomass of microbial populations were observed in the entire sediment column, indicating that (i) there is no limit to life in open-ocean sediment and (ii) a significant amount of oxygen reaches through the sediment to the upper oceanic crust. This "deep aerobic biosphere" inhabits the sediment throughout up to ~37 percent of the world's oceans. The remaining ~63 percent of the oceans is comprised of higher productivity areas that contain the "deep anaerobic biosphere". In 2012, during IODP Expedition 337, the Japanese drill ship Chikyu explored coal-bearing sediments down to 2,466 meters below the seafloor off the Shimokita Peninsula, Japan. Geochemical and microbiological analyses consistently showed the occurrence of methane-producing communities associated with the coal beds. Cell concentrations in deep sediments were notably lower than those expected from the global regression line, implying that the bottom of the deep biosphere is approached in these beds. Taxonomic composition of the deep coal-bearing communities profoundly

Long-term hydrothermal temperature and pressure monitoring equipped with a Kuroko cultivation apparatus on the deep-sea artificial hydrothermal vent at the middle Okinawa Trough

Science.gov (United States)

Masaki, Y.; Nozaki, T.; Saruhashi, T.; Kyo, M.; Sakurai, N.; Yokoyama, T.; Akiyama, K.; Watanabe, M.; Kumagai, H.; Maeda, L.; Kinoshita, M.

2017-12-01

The middle Okinawa Trough, located along the Ryukyu- arc on the margin of the East China Sea, has several active hydrothermal fields. From February to March 2016, Cruise CK16-01 by D/V Chikyu targeted the Iheya-North Knoll and southern flank of the Iheya Minor Ridge to comprehend sub-seafloor geological structure and polymetallic sulfide mineralization. In this cruise, we installed two Kuroko cultivation apparatuses equipped with P/T sensors, flowmeter and load cell to monitor pressure, temperature and flow rate of hydrothermal fluid discharged from the artificial hydrothermal vent together with weight of hydrothermal precipitate. During Cruise KR16-17 in January 2017, two cultivation cells with sensor loggers were successfully recovered by ROV Kaiko MK-IV and R/V Kairei. We report these physical sensor data obtained by more than 10 months monitoring at two deep-sea artificial hydrothermal vents through many first and challenging operations.Hole C9017B at southern flank of the Iheya Minor Ridge (water depth of 1,500 mbsl), fluid temperature was constant ca. 75 ºC for 5 months from the beginning of monitoring. Then temperature gradually decrease to be 40 ºC. In November 2016, temperature and pressure suddenly dropped and quickly recovered due to the disturbance of subseafloor hydrology, induced by another drilling operation at Hole C9017A which is 10.8 meters northeastward from Hole C9017B during Cruise CK16-05. Temperature data exhibit conspicuous periodic 12.4hour cycles and this is attributable to oceanic tidal response. The amplitude of temperature variations increased along with decline of the temperature variations increased along with decline of the temperature. The average flow rate was 67 L/min for 9 hours from the onset of monitoring.Hole C9024A at the Iheya-North Knoll (water depth of 1,050 msl), the maximum temperature reached 308 ºC, which is similar to the maximum value of 311 ºC obtained from the ROV thermometer. The average flow rate was 289 L

Temperature Limit of the Deep Subseafloor Biosphere in the Nankai Trough Subduction Zone off Cape Muroto (IODP T-Limit Expedition 370)

Science.gov (United States)

Morono, Y.; Hauer, V. B.; Inagaki, F.; Kubo, Y.; Maeda, L.; Scientists, E.

2017-12-01

Expedition 370 of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) aimed to explore the limits of life in the deep subseafloor biosphere at a location where elevated heat flow lets temperature increase with sediment depth beyond the known maximum of microbial life ( 120°C) at 1.2 km below the seafloor. Such conditions are met in the protothrust zone of the Nankai Trough off Cape Muroto, Japan, where Site C0023 was established in the vicinity of ODP Sites 808 and 1174 at a water depth of 4776 m using the drilling vessel DV Chikyu. Hole C0023A was cored down to a total depth of 1180 meters below seafloor, offshore sampling and research was combined with simultaneous shore-based investigations at the Kochi Core Center (KCC), and long-term temperature observations were started (Heuer et al., 2017). The primary scientific objectives of Expedition 370 are (a) to detect and investigate the presence or absence of life and biological processes at the biotic-abiotic transition of the deep subseafloor with unprecedented analytical sensitivity and precision; (b) to comprehensively study the factors that control biomass, activity, and diversity of microbial communities; and (c) to elucidate if continuous or episodic flow of fluids containing thermogenic and/or geogenic nutrients and energy substrates support subseafloor microbial communities in the Nankai Trough accretionary complex (Hinrichs et al., 2016). This contribution will highlight the scientific approach of our field-work and preliminary expedition results by shipboard and shorebased activities. Hinrichs K-U, Inagaki F, Heuer VB, Kinoshita M, Morono Y, Kubo Y (2016) Expedition 370 Scientific Prospectus: T-Limit of the Deep Biosphere off Muroto (T-Limit). International Ocean Discovery Program. http://dx.doi.org/10.14379/iodp.sp.370.2016 Heuer VB, Inagaki F, Morono Y, Kubo Y, Maeda L, the Expedition 370 Scientists (2017) Expedition 370 Preliminary Report: Temperature Limit of the Deep Biosphere off Muroto. International

Report on the environmental safety evaluation sub-committee meetings in fiscal 1987; 1987 nendo kankyo anzensei hyoka bukai hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-03-01

The environmental safety evaluation sub-committee has held two meeting in the current fiscal year as described below. The first sub-committee meeting (August 25, 1987) was held for the agenda of the summary of future test plans, the result of overseas surveys in fiscal 1986, the results of tests in fiscal 1986, and the summary of the test plan for fiscal 1987. The major agendum of the second sub-committee meeting (February 23) was the interim reports on the overseas survey results and the safety tests in fiscal 1987. NEDO intends to ensure the labor hygiene for workers in coal liquefying plants, the effect of liquefied oil on users' health, and social acceptability of liquefied oil. Therefore, a safety test for liquefied oil in the primary hydrogenation process was performed provisionally on brown coal PP in the initial stage of operation, in addition to bituminous coal liquefied oil at the existing 1-t/d PDU. The main contents of the test performed by NEDO are based on the labor safety and hygiene law and the law related to regulation on the deliberation and manufacture of chemical materials. Different tests using guinea pigs were carried out on the total fraction mixed at the 1-t/d PDU, and each fraction of light and heavy oils, where the liquefied oil was verified to have minor degree of toxicity. (NEDO)

Realization of an accelerator for environmental refreshment in case of soil; Fukyugata kasokuki ni yoru kankyo sosei eno koka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isogai, H [Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba (Japan)

1997-11-25

Learning from a history of the earth of ancient times, the paper studies effects of refreshing environment and soil or making them natural and harmless mostly using primitive bacteria, and develops element technology which is industrially accelerating. The spread type accelerator working only by solar energy was installed and operated for experiment. As indices of refreshment effects, a study was comparatively made between a sugar degree of sweet potato and a yield shown in the number of potatotimesunit weight. An EM propagation garbage layer is formed, and the two sections were installed of a site of the actual installation of the spread type accelerator and a site naturally left alone. Other effects of weather, temperature and humidity which are external factors and general fertilization are offset as common modes, and a consideration was so made that only refreshment effects of primitive bacteria can be relatively compared. Acceleration effects in using accelerator for growing sweet potato could be quantitatively confirmed. As to sugar degree, because the last study was made in the beginning of summer, the underground temperature was high enough. Even only EM effects were fully effective. This time, the weather was much colder, and it was found to be a must to use accelerator. 2 figs.

Environmental control by biotechnology and ecotechnology, construction of ecopolis. Seibutsu kogaku-seitai kogaku to kankyo joka, Ecopolis no soshutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mori, T [Shimane Univ., Shimane (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture

1992-09-01

The relationship between environmental control and biotechnology is discussed, and purification of moats and lakes is taken up as a concrete example of introducing biological waste water treatment technology to ecotechnology. In addition, an overall waste disposal system connecting cities and agricultural districts is investigated. After the purification of water and waste problem solution, etc. are discussed, the importance of creating ecopolis and ecotown is described. The 3 concepts of microbial ecotechnology (high densification of organism, field control, interaction between organisms) are used to explain biological treatment technology. Attempts for direct purification and ecotechnology are described quoting a few examples. If waste produced in cities and ligneous materials or charcoal obtained from forests are mixed for treatment, effective waste treatment or new resources production may be possible. It seems to be possible to create ideal ecopolis and ecotown by applying the doctrine of irrigation, drainage and reclamation engineering and the technology established by now. 35 refs., 1 fig., 2 tabs.

Survey on bio-chemical complex harmonized with global environment. 3; Kankyo chowagata seibutsu kagaku konbinato ni kansuru chosa. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

A survey was conducted of bio-chemical complex harmonized with the global environment for the purpose of constructing the material production process harmonized with the environment by the process fusion between biological conversion and chemical reaction. Palm oil was taken up as renewable raw material plant resource. The process utilizing bio-chemical reaction advances at normal temperature and pressure and is high in reaction specificity and selectivity. This is a recycling, circulation and environmental harmony type production technology which brings high yield, energy conservation, resource conservation, and low environmental loads. Waste water treatment and production of useful substances from sludge were thought as elementary technology. A possibility was studied of enzyme production by culturing solid waste, and the enzyme was applied to the hydrolysis process. The paper indicated trace components in the palm oil and the extraction method and proposed the production process of new derivatives for adding value to hydrolysate. A study was also made of the overall process flow which integrated these new processes and the material balance. The comprehensive evaluation of this new process was made from the aspect of the product structure, the market, construction cost, economical efficiency, and the environment. 133 refs., 65 figs., 56 tabs.

Use technologies of organic materials under various environmental conditions; Kankyo joken no tayosei to yuki zairyo??????250KKGKA4

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ikeda, s. [Ajinomoto Co. Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-06-05

This paper describes use technologies of organic materials for selecting them under various environmental conditions. FRP is superior in mechanical strength and chemical resistance, and suitable as anticorrosion structural materials. Its chemical resistance is dependent on matrix resins. Simple polyolefine system resin is superior in chemical resistance and cost, however, because of its poor mechanical strength, it is mainly used for small parts. The composite structure is used for middle tanks or piping materials where the inside surface contacting solution is lined with chemical resistant resins such as PP and PVC, while the outside surface is reinforced with FRP. Various lining materials and lining methods are used. The following materials are used for lining: liquid resin type one such as tar epoxy resin, melting powder type one such as PE, PP and fluororesin, laminated glass fiber type one using cold setting polyester and thermosetting phenol resin, compound type one of scale-like glass flake and resin, and rubber or plastic sheet material. It is important to select optimum material for lining. 1 fig., 2 tabs.

Investigations on international standardization of environmental management systems. 3; Kankyo kanri system no kokusai hyojunka ni kansuru chosa. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Japan as an ISO member country identifies the state of discussions in the environmental management standard deliberation committee at ISO. Investigations were performed on international standardization of environmental management systems for the purpose of participating and cooperating in preparing and establishing international standards related to environmental management, and playing part in working, solving and improving environmental problems. Under the circumstances that environmental problems are drawing worldwide interest, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been carrying out since 1993 deliberations on environmental management standards to institutionalize environmental management rules to check effects of business activities on the environment. The International Organization for Standardization/Environmental Management Technical Committee (ISO/TC207) was installed, at which series number of 1400 order was allotted for environmental management related standards, and major standards have come to a final stage of standard formulation at the TC207 Oslo conference in June 1995. In Japan, the Ministry of International Trade and Industry has established an environmental management standard deliberation committee composed of people of experience or academic standing to advance discussions on how the environmental management should be in business entities through deliberations on ISO standards.

Ecological concepts in recent polymer technology. Part4. Eco-friendly water-absorbing polymer; Kankyo ni chowa shita kyusuisei kobunshi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kunioka, M.

1997-07-01

As an application example of water-absorbing polymers with biodegradability, it was expected to be applied to soil improvement agents used in planting trees in deserts, besides physiological napkins, paper diapers and medical materials. In this paper, water-absorbing polymers with biodegradability such as natural polymers, petroleum-made polymers and polymers synthesized by radiation cross-linking and chemical cross-linking were introduced. Moreover, a kind of water-absorbing polymers developed by the authors, made from polyamino acid synthesized by microbes, was introduced. In the method developed by the authors, the cross-linking structure could be made by combining PGA carboxyl groups and various amino groups of diamine using carbimide with water solubility. As for this method, all of reactions could be conducted in water and catalytic replacement was not necessary, moreover, hydrogel with the water-absorbing rate of 200 to 1500 times could be produced. 44 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab.

Research and development of laser radar for environmental measurements. Pt. 3; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kenkyu kaihatsu. 3

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Described herein are the results of the joint project between Japan and Indonesia to construct a new laser radar network system, which can three-dimensionally measure air pollution conditions in urban areas, in Djakarta. This joint project is implemented to elucidate the mechanisms involved in air pollution in the city, and thereby to contribute to environmental administration of Indonesia. This project is expected to give the basic approach to solution of environmental problems in urban areas, and eventually on a global scale, and hence to contribute to construction of the global network systems for environment-related information, which should be necessary in the near future. The (ODA Laser Radar Development Committee) is the deliberative body for the project, responsible for evaluating the project results. The project will be implemented on a 4-year plan from FY1993 to 1996. The activities in this year, the third year for the project, include on-the-spot survey, selection of the laser radar site, and development/improvement of the laser radar system. These results are described herein. (NEDO)

Application of genetically engineered microorganisms to bioremediation and wastewater treatment. Idenshi sosa biseibutsu no kankyo joka mizushori eno tekiyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fujita, M; Ike, M [Osaka University, Osaka (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1993-11-10

This paper summarizes the following techniques: a gene engineering method for bioremediation and wastewater treatment, microorganism breeding using the former method, and a monitoring technique for genetical and ecological stability of genetically engineered microorganisms. Recombination bacteria reinforced with PH genes showed higher phenol removing rate than wild strains, but presented accumulation of catechol in such a large quantity as cannot be seen in wild strains, with the complete degradation rate rather decreased. Gene recombined bacteria structured by introducing the recombined plasmid, pBH500, had high genetic stability when P.putida BH-1 is used as a host. E.coli C600 having recombined plasmid and P.putida BH were added and cultivated in activated sludge. As a result, both recombined bacteria showed rapid logarithmic decrease just after the addition, then, maintained the relatively stable population groups, and remained in the activated sludge for an extended period of time. In monitoring techniques, the colony hybridization process detected clearly the gene recombined bacteria. 9 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 2000 achievement report. Research and development of fast-acting innovative energy-environment technology (Development of fast-acting high-efficiency solar cell technology - Development of high-quality ingot manufacturing technology); 2000 nendo shin energy sangyo gijutsu sogo kaihatsu kiko itaku kenkyu gyomu seika hokokusho. Sokkoteki kakushinteki energy kankyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu (Sokkogata kokoritsu taiyo denchi gijutsu kaihatsu - Kohinshitsu ingot seizo gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development was conducted of a technology for manufacturing an ultrathin polycrystalline silicon solar cell capable of efficiency enhancement and cost reduction earlier than the types of polycrystalline solar cells now available on the market. In this fiscal year, a silicon melt/solidification experimenting apparatus was built for manufacturing high-quality silicon ingots. Using an apparatus with its performance similar to the newly built one, a preliminary experiment was conducted involving high-purity silicon ingot manufacturing. In the experiment, boron was added to 75 kg of silicon for semiconductor devices so that its resistivity may be 0.5 ohm-cm. The silicon was melted in a quartz mold, and then subjected to unidirectional coagulation at 0.13 mm/min that started at the bottom to proceed upward. The result was a silicon ingot 44 cm times 44 cm times 17 cm (height). The ingot thus obtained exhibited 0.4-0.8 ohm-cm in resistivity distribution. Solar cells produced from the ingot showed a conversion rate of 16.9%. (NEDO)

Report on the surveys in fiscal 1999 on the long term energy technology strategy investigations. Investigations on foundations to establish industrial technology strategies (Structuring of emphasizing strategies and the circulation type economic society harmonizing with environment); 1999 nendo choki energy gijutsu senryaku nado ni kansuru chosa hokokusho. Sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa (jutenka senryaku (kankyo to chowashita junkangata keizai shakai no kochiku))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper is a survey report for fiscal 1999 on structuring of the circulation type economic society harmonizing with environment. In order for Japan in the 21st century to solve various problems while maintaining sustainable development of the industries and economy, structuring the industrial technology strategies is indispensable. In order to establish targets to structure the circulation type society harmonizing with environment, small targets were broken down and specific technological examples were extracted as seen from categories based on flows of goods and the policy aspects. Then, from the viewpoints of extrication from wastes, reduction of risks caused by harmful substances, and growth under suppression of the global warming, case studies were performed on policy aspects toward the year 2010. Based on these studies, images of the emphasizing strategies were prepared, that are built on three pillars of 'R', the reduction, reuse and recycling. Specific technological examples were extracted comprehensively and specifically from research and development themes in research institutions inside and outside Japan to prepare a fundamental material for establishing the small targets. Furthermore, the examples were classified from the aspects of the three Rs. Areas of technological development seeds and areas with fewer seeds were made clear successfully. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1995 survey report on the feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in Thailand; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Tai ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-06-01

The paper surveyed the present situation and future trend of economy, energy supply/demand, coal production/distribution/utilization and the environmental effects in Thailand. The survey on the coal utilization and its environmental effects was partially requested of the environmental research institute in Thailand. The amount of coal utilization in Thailand rapidly increased to nearly four times as large as that ten years ago mainly in terms of domestic lignite under the government`s policy on expansion of the domestic energy use. However, most of this domestic lignite is low-grade coal with low calories and high sulfur content, and the use of it was rapidly increased mostly in power generation sector without no adequate environmental measures taken. This caused an environmental problem on air pollution due to sulfur oxides at Mae Moh power plant in the north several years ago, and the damages to the regional residents, etc. were given much publicity by journalism and developed the social problem. Accordingly, Thai people are now critical of the coal resource exploration and the coal use expansion. Under the circumstances, the Ministry of Industry and the energy related ministries/offices are obliged to review their development/promotion plans. 84 figs., 99 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system feasibility study. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in the Philippines; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Philippines ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Grasping the present situation of coal utilization technology in the Philippines, the paper proposed a feasibility study of introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system which seems to be needed in the future. (1) Introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in the electric power generation sector: there are only four full-scale running coal thermal power plants in the Philippines. In the future, several coal thermal plants are planned to be constructed by 2005, but for the new installation, it is desirable to adopt fluidized bed boilers with wide application to coal kinds. In case of 0.3-1.0 million MW class plants, it is planned to adopt high grade import coals, and it will be natural to fire pulverized coal. For the processing of flue gas, it is a must to install desulfurization facilities and smoke/soot removal devices. (2) Utilization/development of domestic low grade coals: at the mine-mouth generating plant, it is necessary to investigate the economically minable amount of coal, confirm productivity, survey coal quality, etc., and select boiler. As to coal briquetting technology, it is necessary to examine coal quality for tests and make a thorough study of what technology is most suitable. 50 figs., 78 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the survey of the history/inheritance of industrial technology. Survey of the inheritance/education of technology in museums of industrial technology in Japan; 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa hokokusho. Kokunai sangyo gijutsu hakubutsukan ni okeru gijutsu keisho keihatsu chosa hen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of clarifying the course of promotion of the original/creative future R and D and contributing to selection of technical themes and working-out of developmental methods, survey was conducted paying visits to museums of industrial technology in Japan which evaluate/preserve/exhibit/utilize memorial goods, data, information pertaining to the industrial technology in Japan. Museums for survey were the following ten: Chiba Museum of Science and Industry; Garasu no Sato (Glass Village); Maizuru World Brick Museum; Museum of Industrial Technology; Numata Memorial Hall/Mitsutoyo Museum of Dimensional Metrology; Omachi Energy Museum; Sake Museum; Saint Juan Bautista Museum; Subway Museum; Textile Museum Yukari. One of the points of this survey was to survey the actual state of the experimental type exhibition. The experimental type exhibition, which is wide in sphere, seems to be effective since visitors can operate it, simulate it, feel its size and make scientific experiments. However, the museums are not necessarily satisfied with the present situation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on the R and D on industrial science and technology for creating new industries. R and D on intelligent material and structure systems; 1998 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This project aims at development of the basic technology of the structure system which has the same intelligent functions as living body such as perception, decision and response through information processing/control (brain) by integrating advanced complex material structure (skeleton), fiber or film sensor material/device (nerve) and actuator material/device (muscle). This report describes the fiscal 1998 research result. On health monitoring technology, study was made on development of high-performance sensors, and a damage detection and self-diagnosis system for structural integrity. On active adaptive structure technology, study was made on improvement of a quasi-elastic behavior model for shape memory alloys, and a candidate actuator for noise and vibration reduction. On actuator materials and devices, study was made on the relation between electronic properties and dielectric/electro-strictive characteristics of the latest advanced ceramic materials available. Creation of silent smart structure was also clarified. Smooth connection and cooperation among groups were promoted through the technical committee and research on domestic and overseas trends. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the survey of the history/inheritance of industrial technology. Survey of originality and creativity in electric/electronic technology in the Japanese industry; 1999 nendo sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa hokokusho. Kokunai sangyo no denki densi gijutsu no dokusosei to sozosei no chosa hen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of clarifying the course of promotion of the original/creative future R and D and contributing to selection of technical themes and working-out of developmental methods, the paper conducted a survey of listening to Mr. S. Saba, Mr. Y. Hirose and Mr. K. Fujimori who are honorary members of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. For the survey, the following points were taken notice of: to fully make prior preparation; to supplement/prove what was presented and to have a lot of data by which objectivity was given to what was presented; to keep a balance between 'reminiscences' which are useful for completion of the details and the details focused; to establish the analysis method of the details of the listening; to be careful to make analysis of technology and persons so that the listening survey can be connected to the systematical arrangement; to look for 'good listeners.' As a result of the listening survey, a lot of the suggestive results seemed to be obtained in terms of the innovation of the industrial technology that has been shouldering the development of Japan and the originality/creativity seen in the innovation. (NEDO)

Report on survey in fiscal 2000 on the survey on succession of history of industrial technologies. Survey edition of originality and creativity of industrial machine technologies in Japan; 2000 nendo sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chsao hokokusho. Kokunai sangyo kikai gijutsu no dokusosei to sozosei noc hosahen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In order to clarify the innovation process of industrial technologies in Japan and the originality and creativity seen in the process, the case history has been introduced in relation with the researchers, engineers, and business proprietors having contributed to the innovation, and their work records. With regard to machine tools, detailed introductions were given to 'Toshisuke Takeo' who had the technological concept learned in the United States, and devoted himself in building modern machine tools, an American, 'Willian R. Gorham', who had worked actively in Japan even during the war, 'Hiroshi Hanaoka' who had made a machining center for the first time in Japan, and 'Shinkichi Nagaoka' a developer of the non-circular flat bearing. In the railway area, 'Richard Francis Trevithick' and 'Francis Henry Trevithick' , leaders of the rolling stock manufacturing technologies, 'Yasujiro Shima' who had contributed to building the foundation of the Japan's rolling stock technologies, 'Kiichi Asakura' who had contributed to establishment of the Japan's rolling stock technologies and industry standardization, and 'Hideo Shima' who had borne fruit of systematization of the Japan's railway technologies by building the Shinkansen were introduced in detail. (NEDO)

Research on environmental bioecosensing technology using ecological information; Seitaikei joho ni yoru kankyo bio eco sensing gijutsu ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The bioecosensing technology was studied which detects and identifies feeble signals generated by biosystem communication in wide biological environment. The following were reported as current notable environmental biosensing technologies: a quick measurement method of environmental contaminants using immunological measurement method, analysis method of ecological state of microorganism using DNA probes, observation of ecosystem by bioluminescent system, measurement method of environmental changes and contaminants using higher animals and plants, and detection method of chemical contaminants using chemotaxis of microorganism. As a result, the new bioecosensing/monitoring technology in molecular level was suggested for identifying comprehensive environmental changes which could not be measured by previous physical and chemical methods, as changes in ecosystem corresponding to environmental changes. As the wide area remote sensing technology of environmental ecological information, sensing technology on the earth, aircraft and satellite was also discussed. 247 refs., 55 figs., 17 tabs.

Fiscal 1995 geothermal development promotion survey. Natural environment survey report; 1995 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Shizen kankyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In Candidate C area for the geothermal development survey, the natural environment was surveyed and `the secondary landscape assessment` was summed up in which places proposed for drilling of large-size wells and for construction of power generation facilities are extracted and a simulation of the landscape is conducted. The area for survey is the Shiramizu-gawa region in the south of Lake Akan, Akan-cho, Akan-gun, Hokkaido. The field survey was carried out about three items of landscape, plants and animals during the June-November period, 1995. As to the flora, diverse florae including vegetation unique to alpine areas, wetlands, and fumarole surrounding areas were found in the region, which is covered with summer-green broad-leaved forests or mixed forests of coniferous and broad-leaved trees. As to the fauna, faunae inhabitant of the highly natural forests were found including black woodpeckers and mountain hawk eagles. As a result of studying the places proposed for geothermal development from the above-mentioned survey, two places were picked up in the west of the survey area, where geothermal development is comparatively less influential in the natural environment and landscape and there is a high locational adaptability. 19 refs., 56 figs., 49 tabs.

Study on the creation of inorganic materials using micro-gravity environment; Bisho juryoku kankyo riyo muki zairyo no sosei kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Creation of new functional inorganic materials using micro-gravity environment was studied. Observation of an electrode interface phenomenon under micro-gravity clarified that time variation in interference fringe is dependent on current density and electrode thickness in ground experiment, while it is dependent on not electrode thickness but current density under micro-gravity. In fabrication of glass fine particles under micro-gravity, true spherical glass fine particles of 4-7{mu}m in size were obtained corresponding to a charge of 40mg by evaporation and solidification of sodium tellurate glass as raw material under micro-gravity. In fabrication of non-harmonic Pb-Zn system alloy, the homogeneous alloy texture of 5{mu}m level was observed which has never been observed in previous metal phase diagrams by fusion of 80atom%Pb-20atom%Zn mixture under micro-gravity and quenching from 500degC. On the study on fabrication of spherical semiconductor crystals, 7 spherical Si single crystals of 300{mu}m in size were obtained. 12 refs., 48 figs., 2 tabs.

Report of 'Survey on Asian environmental information networks'; 'Asia kankyo joho network chosa' ni kansuru hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

This project is implemented to survey the current statuses and future trends of the Asian district environment-related information networks, for the (research cooperation project for development of environmental condition measuring laser radar systems), being promoted by NEDO. First, current statuses of the network names, managing organizations, user numbers, conditions of use, protocols for use, service conditions, major domestic nodes and internationally connected conditions are surveyed mainly for internet-connected networks, for surveying the current statuses and future trends of the research networks in Asian countries. Second, current statuses in Indonesia of the network names, managing organizations, user numbers, conditions of use, protocols for use, service conditions, domestic node sites and managing organizations, charge systems and institutions, types/reliability/ stability of the circuits, and conditions of restriction of use, if any, for surveying the current statuses and future trends in Indonesia. Third, conditions of and needs for network utilization by researchers for Asian district environments. (NEDO)

Development of environmentally friendly universal controller. Data and materials; 1998 nendo kankyo taio universal controller no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Shiryohen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

Research and development was carried out for an 'environmentally friendly universal controller (UC)' which would be 'user-friendly and energy-saving' when used with electrical home appliances, and data and materials on them were compiled into this volume. It covers the specifications (Versions 0.6 and 0.51) of a newly developed two-way controller protocol, the specification (Version 0.1) of two-way remote control IrDA-C communication unit hardware, an infrared communication protocol IrDa Control, and the like. It also accommodates information collected through surveys of technological trends as reflected in technical literature, Internet home pages, catalogs, and the like, concerning the user-friendliness of electrical home appliances, remote control, domestic consumption of electric power, and the like. Also covered is the result of surveys of patents involving environmentally friendly UC related technologies, namely, Japanese patents (from applications made in 1979 through disclosures made in 1998) and U.S. patents (registrations made in 1982 and thereafter). Furthermore, it contains the result of surveys of actualities of domestic use conducted for the purpose of clarifying the effect of environmentally friendly UC introduction, how such UCs are being accepted by the public, and the conditions that should be satisfied for their popularization. (NEDO)

Environmentally friendly type coal utilization technology transfer project. Downstream field; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo gijutsu iten jigyo. Karyu bun`ya

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The paper arranged the result of the clean coal technology transfer project carried out during October to December, 1996. For the purpose of supporting introduction/spread of clean coal technology (CCT) in Asian and Pacific countries, the project invited engineers of the countries to Japan, aiming at fermentation of the understanding of CCT and improvement in ability. The project was held by NEDO and managed by Center for Coal Utilization, Japan. The manager course is for policy decision makers, management and senior management (plant manager class). By taking up CCT assessment and a menu of economical efficiency, prepared was the environment to which CCT is introduced in case of working out policy and planning plant/equipment investment. Moreover, the engineer course is for policy planners, medium-class management (section chief class), senior engineers (planners), and takes up materials for judgment in case of planning CCT facilities and proposing measures to reduce environmental loads by management and improvement of facilities at the same time. Fifteen engineers were invited: 6 from China, 3 from Indonesia, 3 from the Philippines, and 3 from Thailand

Report of 'Survey on Asian environmental information networks'; 'Asia kankyo joho network chosa' ni kansuru hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

Information systems, mainly aided by computers, are becoming increasingly important, contributing to development of wide areas of societies and economics, to begin with. However, few developing countries have established sufficient information systems, in spite of their strong desires to do so, which will further widen the gap between them and advanced countries, where these systems are acceleratedly advancing. Given these situations, Center of International Cooperation for Computerization (CICC) has been implementing various projects for providing assistance to and cooperation with oversea countries which are trying to develop information systems. This report summarizes the project, which CICC has been commissioned by Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association as part of the cooperation programs, for establishing the Asian environmental information networks. It outlines the research cooperation project for the environmental networks, results of the 4 on-the-spot surveys, 2 occasions for inviting researchers to Japan, and construction of the internet and Asian environmental information network systems. (NEDO)

FY1995 synthesis of new erodable polymers response to environmental stimuli; 1995 nendo atarashii kankyo chowagata bunkaisei plastic no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Recently, environmental pollution by a large amount of undecomposable waste has became a serious problem. Therefore, biodegradable polymers, which can be degraded by environmental species such as bacteria and enzymes, have been studied extensively. Most of the biodegradable polymers prepared so far were polyester derivatives such as poly(hydroxybutyrate/valerate), poly(lactide) and poly(glycolide). The degradation mechanism is the hydrolysis of the ester groups in the main chain of the polymer which is facilitated by enzyme degradation. Most of the mass-produced polymers, however, are vinyl-polymerized plastics such as poly(ethylene), poly(propylene) and poly(styrene). There is no technology on the degradation of such vinyl polymers except in the lithography field, in which it is known that some vinyl polymers can be used for posi-type resists by decomposition with UV or electron-beam (EB). For creation of degradable polymers, the following three factors must be considered Purpose of the project seriously; 1) What degrades the polymers? 2) Row long does the polymer maintain the initial properties? (Time course of the mechanical strength, etc.) and 3) Bioactivity of the liberated oligomers. The aim of our work is the creation of new polymers which can be easily controlled by the above three factors. If we can degrade the polymers from the end of the polymer chain, i) we can control several properties of the polymers in the degradation such as degradation source (pH, light,, UV, EB, etc.) and rate of the degradation by changing the structure of the end group; 2) production of oligomers, which may induce a significant problem in terms of bioactivity, can be suppressed because of the depolymerization from the end of the polymers (only the monomer will be liberated). In this project, we investigated to synthesize the end functionalizations of poly({alpha}-methylstyrene) derivatives and their degradation characteristics using temperature, acid and alkaline conditions. To induce degradabilities in polymers in response to environmental conditions, the end-modification reactions of poly({alpha}-methylstyrene) (PMS) derivatives were carried out. When diphenylphosphine chloride was used as a modifier for the living end of para-substituted PMS, the coupling efficiency was ca. 50%. 2-Phenylallyl halide derivatives such as 2-phenylallyl bromide, 2-(4-tolyl)allyl bromide, and {alpha}-trifluoromethylstyrene were found to be suitable end-modification agents. For example, {omega}-2-phenylallyl PMS was prepared with almost quantitative functionality by the reaction of the living PMS with 2-phenylallyl bromide. In a similar way, {omega}-3, 3-difluoro-2-phenylallyl and {omega}-2-(4-tolyl)allyl PMS derivatives were synthesized. Based on thermogravimetric analysis, onset of the degradation temperature of the end-modified PMS derivatives decreased in the following order: {omega}-hydrogen- > {omega}-3,3-difluoro-2-phenylallyl- > {omega}-2-phenylallyl- > {omega}-2-(4-tolyl)allyl-PMS. Actually, the onset temperature of {omega}-2-(4-tolyl)allyl-PMS derivatives was 50 degree C lower than that of {omega}-H-PMS derivatives. These results indicate that the active species is produced effectively at the end unsaturated bond, which initiates the depolymerization of the polymer at rather low temperatures. Ionic degradation of these polymers was also investigated using butyllithium as an anionic initiator and methanesulfonic acid as a cationic initiator Tendencies similar to the thermal degradation were observed. Therefore, it is concluded that a 2-phenylallyl substituent at the end of the PMS chain induces effective degradation through several mechanisms such as radical, anionic and cationic depolymerization reactions. (NEDO)

Development of environmentally friendly universal controller. Data and materials; 1998 nendo kankyo taio universal controller no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Shiryohen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

Research and development was carried out for an 'environmentally friendly universal controller (UC)' which would be 'user-friendly and energy-saving' when used with electrical home appliances, and data and materials on them were compiled into this volume. It covers the specifications (Versions 0.6 and 0.51) of a newly developed two-way controller protocol, the specification (Version 0.1) of two-way remote control IrDA-C communication unit hardware, an infrared communication protocol IrDa Control, and the like. It also accommodates information collected through surveys of technological trends as reflected in technical literature, Internet home pages, catalogs, and the like, concerning the user-friendliness of electrical home appliances, remote control, domestic consumption of electric power, and the like. Also covered is the result of surveys of patents involving environmentally friendly UC related technologies, namely, Japanese patents (from applications made in 1979 through disclosures made in 1998) and U.S. patents (registrations made in 1982 and thereafter). Furthermore, it contains the result of surveys of actualities of domestic use conducted for the purpose of clarifying the effect of environmentally friendly UC introduction, how such UCs are being accepted by the public, and the conditions that should be satisfied for their popularization. (NEDO)

Fire safety and environmental design of deep underground spaces used for human activities. Daishindo chika kukan no bosai/kankyo sekkei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saeki, N.; Kadoya, M.; Tokuda, K.; Hisajima, T.; Okada, N. (Okumura Corp., Osaka (Japan))

1992-11-10

The disaster prevention and environment technology, which is the essential conditions for the living in the underground space, was developed to be applied to a simulated model space. The basic conditions including the location and utilization for the simulation model are as follows: (1) It locates at the city center of a big city, (2) A station for a high speed rail way (linear car) is located at the deep underground (50 m), (3) As there are still many physiological and psychological problems left unsolved for the living including dinning and sleeping in the underground, such facilities as private residential house, hotel, and hospital were excluded. Such facilities as shop, restaurant, theater, recreation facility, city hall, police station, and parking lot were considered. For the disaster prevention design, the design technique for emergency evacuation system within the building and for the smoke control system were taken up. For the air conditioning design, the large space air conditioning design, energy saving design system, and the deodorant air conditioning system were investigated. The energy program and the aqueduct program were also discussed. 24 figs., 6 tabs.

Deregulation for the electric power industry in Japan and the outlook; Nippon no denryoku sangyo no kisei kanwa to sono tenbo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsuo, N. [The Institute of Energy Economics, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-01

The future direction and outlook of the electric power industry in Japan was described in a new systematical framework based on the amendment to the Electric Utility Industry Law. When viewing the deregulation system from a viewpoint of `induction of competition,` comparative assessment may mean competition introduced among electric power companies; establishment of the competitive bidding system by the whole supply business may mean competition introduced into the power generation sector; establishment of the specified electric utility industry system may mean competition introduced into the retailing sector. Further, a system to notify the authority of the price list, rationalization of safety rules, deregulation on the entry into another business, etc. can be interpreted as the spread of a width of discretion on business management. An increase in economic efficiency by cost reduction is expected as an influence of this deregulation, but the subject is how well the deregulation can balance with publicity and social responsibility. Relating to the entry of IPP, there is some anxiety: small scale power sources have high failure rates and difficulty in load frequency control. Moreover, it affects the public benefit in a sense of the apparently worsening air pollution. 12 figs., 1 tab.

Fiscal 1997 survey report. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system (feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in India); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Indo ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The survey was conducted of the present situation of coal utilization and the present coal situation such as the environmental state of India which is a coal producing/consuming country next to China in Asia. The paper studied a feasibility of the introduction of the environmental friendly type coal utilization system` to be planned in India. The items for survey are the present situation of economy and energy and the future trend, environmental problems on coal utilization, the present status of the coal distribution system and study subjects, the present status of coal utilization by field and study subjects, a possibility of briquette use, a possibility of coal fluidization, electric power development plans and coal combustion technology in each industry, etc. The subjects are the obligation of coal preparation to coal thermal power plants 1000 km away from coal mines starting 2001, measures taken for effective ash use, measures taken for superannuated gas furnaces, etc. Based on the results of these site surveys and reports of the investigation under consignment from CMPDI, the paper studied/analyzed possibilities of introducing the coal utilization system having actual introduction results in Japan to India, and made an investigational report. 39 refs., 12 figs., 56 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 survey report on Asia/Pacific Regional Environment Problems Researcher Exchange Promotion Projects. Construction of Environmental Technology Research Network in the Asia/Pacific Region; 2000 nendo Asia Taiheiyo chiiki kankyo mondai kenkyusha koryu sokushin jigyo hokokusho. Asia/Taiheiyo chiiki kankyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu network kochiku chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of developing and popularizing environment conservation technologies in the Asia/Pacific region, activities were conducted for Environmental Technology Research Network in the Asia/Pacific Area (ETERNET-APR). In this fiscal year, under the motto of Expansion of International Collaborative Researches on Environmental Technology, a 7th international workshop was held in Yokkaichi City, Mie Prefecture, with the attendance of approximately 60 people in Japan and from abroad. Researchers from overseas, in addition, attended a 10-day training program at the National Institute for Resources and Development and others in preparation for the embodiment of international collaborative research. A survey was conducted overseas for the promotion of database utilization and registration and for grasping the problems intrinsic to the respective research institutes and problems to occur at every stage of development. People's Republic of China was visited, where a miniscale workshop was held, study tours were made, and opinions were exchanged. It was actually felt, at the places that were visited, that ETERNET-APR was certainly in function in various fields. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1996 survey report on the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system feasibility study. Feasibility study of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in Malaysia and Vietnam; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Malaysia Vietnam ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This survey arranged the status of coal utilization technology and the status of coal production, supply, etc. in Malaysia and Vietnam, examined/studied coal utilization systems in both countries, and finally assessed feasibility of introducing the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system. As a country of primary energy source which is abundant in crude oil, natural gas, hydroelectric power, coal, etc., Malaysia now depends on crude oil and natural gas for 80% of its energy, and places emphasis on exploration of natural gas and oil refining. In electric power and cement industries where coal is consumed, effectiveness and environmental issues in association with coal utilization are future subjects. In Vietnam, the north is abundant in hydroelectric power and anthracite, and the south in oil and gas resource, but the north and central districts are in a state of undevelopment. Coal is used for coal thermal power generation, cement industry, and residential/commercial fuel. In the future, effective coal utilization and environmental issues will be subjects. 16 refs., 38 figs., 75 tabs.

Study to take environmental symbiosis into consideration on housing construction. No.2. Experimental study on the thermal performance of K house in winter season; Kankyo kyosei ni hairyoshita sumai zukuri ni kansuru kenkyu. 2. Amagishi ni tatsu K tei no toki no onnetsu kankyo keisoku kekka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishikawa, K; Ishihara, O [Kumamoto University, Kumamoto (Japan)

1996-10-27

For the construction of houses that effectively utilize natural energy and impose less load on environments, an example of house building respecting environmental symbiosis is described. Reported herein are a heating system and the measurements of thermal environment in winter. In winter, the floor is heated by warm water from solar heat collectors circulating in pipes buried in downstair underfloor RC foundation. For the verification of the heating effect, comparison was made between the heater-provided southeast (SE) room and heater-unprovided northeast (NE) room, both downstairs. Warm water circulated in the underfloor pipes only in the daytime, the pipe surface recording the maximum of 32{degree}C in the daytime and the minimum of 17{degree}C early in the morning. At midnight, the SE room was warmer than the NE room by 2{degree}C. The slab surface in the SE room recorded 28{degree}C at the maximum and 17{degree}C at the minimum, but the temperature remained constant at 10{degree}C in the NE room. The rubble temperature was 17.5-20{degree}C in the SE room and approximately 11{degree}C in the NE room. It was noted that the SE room floor slab was capable of heat accumulation. The resident is a devotee of environmental symbiosis with mindset for enhancing natural energy utilization, burning an oil heater and a fireplace but intermittently. 1 ref., 12 figs., 1 tab.

FY 1998 survey report. Survey on reduction in environmental effect of greenhouse effect gas by the transfer of environmental technology in the Asian region; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki ni okeru kankyo gijutsu iten ni yoru onshitsu koka gas no kankyo eikyo keigen ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Effects of the transfer of environmental technology were studied as an important policy for control of greenhouse effect gas in the Asian region. As schemes, those that were drew up by NEDO, JICA, etc. now exist and are used also in Japan. However, for the control of greenhouse effect gas emission which is expected to rapidly increase in future, it is indispensable to construct a new powerful and effective scheme in which technology transfer and fund to be given are organically connected. Especially, in the U.S., etc., the assistance of developing countries of a huge amount of money such as Japan's ODA is not extended. However, they position the environmental technology as an important strategy and is developing the assistance of developing countries by technology transfer and eco-business of private companies. Also in the eco-business field, the environment-related technology of Japanese companies is used in Asian developing countries, with expectations of its being a new business with international competitive strength. This is the subject for the whole global environment, and an important subject also for Japan which requires the creation of a new business field with international competitive strength. (NEDO)

Global environmental benefits of industrial heat pumps (fiscal 1993); 1993 nendo koon heat pumping gijutsu ni yoru chikyu ondanka keigen koka ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

An investigational study was conducted aiming at making a quantitative grasp of effects of the spread of industrial heat pumps on energy conservation and greenhouse gas reduction and at promoting the spread. Finally, the following eight countries joined this international joint research: Canada, France, Japan, Holland, Norway, Sweden, the U.K. and the U.S. Each country share the work and expenses for the research with each other. Japan made investigational researches on the application of heat pumps to processes of the chemical industry, oil refining industry, food industry, paper/pulp industry, and dyeing/weaving industry, and on the effects of greenhouse gas reduction. As procedures taken, values up to 2010 were estimated of energy prices in each country, energy supply/demand, rates of the heat source configuration for electric power supply, etc., the heat flow of the above-mentioned process was made clear, and analyses were conducted of annual profits, energy consumption, and depreciation period in the case of adopting heat pumps. Moreover, the energy conservation amount and greenhouse effect gas reduction amount were estimated based on the result of the analyses. 69 figs., 196 tabs.

Report on the results of research and development under a consignment from NEDO on deca-nano quantum integrating transistor substrate technologies; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Deca-nano ryoshi shusekika soshi kiban gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Researches have been conducted on deca-nano quantum integrating transistor substrate technologies, and developments were made on a three-dimensional device simulator which can be used in deca-nano domains, and a circuit simulator to have quantifying function transistors coexist with silicon semiconductor integrated circuits. The researches were intended to develop a simulator capable of analyzing properties of very small silicon and compound semiconductor devices in deca-nano domains. The researches discussed the applicability of conventional simulators, calculated quantum levels in a three-dimensional hetero structure, and resulted in development of an electron wave propagation simulator in optional two-dimensional shapes, a quantum Monte Carlo simulator, and a three-dimensional semiconductor device simulator with quantum correction. On the other hand, in order to estimate characteristics of a hybrid circuit in which single electron transistors coexist with conventional transistors such as CMOS transistors, a single electron hybrid circuit simulator was developed. The development indicated that a CMOS-SET fused memory is promising as a future LSI memory. 22 refs., 116 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 report on the results of the R and D of technology of high-level treatment/effective use of domestic/industrial wastes, etc. (for public); 1996 nendo Shin Energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku seikatsu sangyo haikibutsu shori yuko riyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (kokaiyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

For the purpose of reducing environmental loads of waste and effectively using resource by waste recycling, a study was conducted of high-level treatment/effective use technology for domestic/industrial wastes, etc. The paper reported the results of fiscal 1996. In the EcoCement producing technology using the synthetic urban type waste, EcoCement with stable quality was obtained using sewage sludge and industrial waste as raw materials. In the specified freon decomposition disposal technology, an experiment was carried out on durability, etc. of the processing unit. In the high speed/reduced smell biological garbage disposal technology, technology of fermenting disposal, etc. were established, and at the same time technology of making garbage compost was developed. In the technology to manufacture environment friendly type plastic containers, etc., a degradation behavior was grasped of degradable plastics in the compost. In the spread type waste plastic/thermal recycle technology, studied were a system to collect waste and a system to make waste solid fuel. Technology to recycle coolant freon was studied. 14 refs., 261 figs., 137 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the R and D of nonlinear optoelectronic materials; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Hisenkei hikari denshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

As to the development of organic base materials, the paper is going ahead with an evaluation, higher performance and further use as materials of basic optical properties of quirale nonlinear materials and organic conjugate base materials which are promising among organic low molecular materials. As the development of orientation control crystal growth technology, grooves for orientation control were formed on the surface of the lead glass substrate, from which thin film single crystals were obtained. The nonlinear response was studied of the glass where semiconducting fine particles dispersed in matrix glass. Glass scattering base prototype materials were selected by the sol-gel method and ultra-low melting-point glass method. The glass dispersion base materials by the very fast cooling method was also studied. For the purpose of realizing a high speed switching characteristic, a processing technology was developed of ultra fine particle dispersing polymer light waveguide. As to the technology for super lattice, the optimum nonlinear performance materials were selected mainly with the optimum complex super lattice base. Moreover, the three-dimensional super structuring technology was constructed to improve nonlinear optical characteristics. The comprehensive investigational study was conducted for effective promotion of the research development. 177 refs., 260 figs., 27 tabs.

Report on survey in fiscal 2000 on the survey on succession of history of industrial technologies. Survey edition of originality and creativity of electric and electronic technologies in Japan; 2000 nendo sangyo gijutsu rekishi keisho chosa hokokusho. Kokunai sangyo no denki denshi gijutsu no dokusosei to sozosei no chosahen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In order to clarify the innovation process of industrial technologies in Japan and the originality and creativity seen in that process to serve for the future development, hearing surveys have been performed. The persons being the hearing objects are Mr. Koichi Oshima who has researched the series capacitors for power transmission cables, Mr. Makoto Osatake who has researched the distortion in frequency modulation, and Mr. Hisao Oka who has researched the destruction phenomena in rectifier elements of power semiconductors. Mr. Hiroshi Inose and Mr. Toichiro Koike who have accepted the hearing survey were represented by the mourning statements due to their sudden death. The items of the questions in the hearing survey included: their home background, why have they studied electricity area specially?, determination criteria when they were forced to make a serious selection and the results thereof, examples of successes and failures and the age background, breakthrough points in the success cases, what they want to convey to future generations from their achievements, what they wished if they have done, methods of conveying the technologies, persons whom they respect as their teachers, existence of persons who have given them protection, sources of passion and motivation that supported the research life, and the principles toward the research. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey of refuse-fueled power generation introduction technology, etc. Survey of industrial refuse-fueled power generation (Industrial refuse-fueled power generation case study implementation - 1); 2000 nendo chosa haikibutsu hatsuden donyu gijutsu chosa to - Sangyo haikibutsu hatsuden chosa (Sangyo haikibutsu hatsuden case study no jisshi - 1)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Case studies were conducted of industrial refuse-fueled power generation using plastic waste, paper waste, and wood chips, and the same using the excretions of cattle. In the study of power generation fueled by mixed waste containing plastic waste, 325t/d, 220t/d, and 130t/d incinerators having the lower calorific value of 5,960-6,401 kcal/kg were taken up, and steam conditions, generator output, generating-end efficiency, station service power ratio, sending-end efficiency, etc., were tentatively calculated. As for cost efficiency, a manufacturer's estimate indicated that commercialization would be impossible in all the cases unless the construction cost was cut down. In the study of excretion-fueled power generation, cases were taken up where medium-temperature fermentation proceeded for the excretions of 620-29,853 dairy cows (32-1,576 t/d). A calculation was performed on conditions that the construction cost and maintenance/utility costs were as estimated by the manufacturer, that the excretion treatment and power generation facilities were covered by subsidies, and that personnel expenses of 6-million yen were necessary. It was then found that there would be commercial viability in case the yield was 790t/d or higher. (NEDO)

Overview of Hole GT3A: The sheeted dike/gabbro transition

Science.gov (United States)

Abe, N.; Harris, M.; Michibayashi, K.; de Obeso, J. C.; Kelemen, P. B.; Takazawa, E.; Teagle, D. A. H.; Coggon, J. A.; Matter, J. M.; Phase I Science Party, T. O. D. P.

2017-12-01

Hole GT3A (23.11409 N, 58.21172 E) was drilled by the Oman Drilling Project (OmDP) into Wadi Abdah of the Samail ophiolite, Oman. OmDP is an international collaboration supported by the International Continental Scientifi1c Drilling Program, the Deep Carbon Observatory, NSF, IODP, JAMSTEC, and the European, Japanese, German and Swiss Science Foundations, with in-kind support in Oman from the Ministry of Regional Municipalities and Water Resources, Public Authority of Mining, Sultan Qaboos University, and the German University of Technology. Hole GT3A was diamond cored in February to March 2017 to a total depth of 400 m. The outer surfaces of the cores were imaged and described on site before being curated, boxed and shipped to the IODP drill ship Chikyu, where they underwent comprehensive visual and instrumental analysis. Hole GT3A recovered predominantly sheeted dikes and gabbros and has been sub-divided into 4 igneous groups based on the abundance of gabbro downhole. Group 1 (Upper Sheeted Dike Sequence) occurs from 0 to 111.02 m, group II (Upper Gabbro Sequence) is from 111.02 to 127.89 m, group III (Lower Sheeted Dike Sequence) is between 127.89 to 233.84 m and group IV (Lower Gabbro Sequence) is from 233.84 to 400 m. Group II and IV are both associated with almost equal proportions of dikes to gabbroic lithologies, whereas group I & III have >95% dikes. The sheeted dikes were logged as either basalt (46.9 %) or diabase (26.2 %) depending on the predominant grain size of the dike. Gabbroic lithologies include (most to least abundant) gabbro, oxide gabbro and olivine gabbro. Other lithologies present include diorite (7.5%) and tonalite and trondhjemite (1%). Tonalite and trondhjemite are present as cm-sized dikelets and are found within group II and IV. Gabbroic lithologies generally display a varitextured appearance and are characterised by the co-existence of poikilitic and granular domains. Detailed observations of chilled margins and igneous contacts reveal

Paleomagnetism of the Oman Ophiolite: New Results from Oman Drilling Project Cores

Science.gov (United States)

Horst, A. J.; Till, J. L.; Koornneef, L.; Usui, Y.; Kim, H.; Morris, A.

2017-12-01

The Oman Drilling Project drilled holes at four sites in a transect through the southern massifs of the Samail ophiolite, and recovered 1500 m of igneous and metamorphic rocks. We focus on three sites from the oceanic crustal section including lower layered gabbros (GT1A), the mid-crustal layered to foliated gabbro transition (GT2A), and the shallower transition from sheeted dikes to varitextured gabbros (GT3A). Detailed core descriptions, analyses, and paleomagnetic measurements, were made on D/V Chikyu from July to September 2017 to utilize the core laboratory facilities similar to IODP expeditions. Shipboard measurements included anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) and alternating field and thermal demagnetization of 597 discrete samples. Sample demagnetization behavior is varied from each of the cores, with some revealing multiple components of magnetization, and others yielding nearly univectorial data. The interpretation of results from the lower crustal cores is complicated by the pervasive presence of secondary magnetite. In almost all samples, a stable component was resolved (interpreted as a characteristic remanent magnetization) after removal of a lower-coercivity or lower unblocking-temperature component. The inclinations of the stable components in the core reference frame are very consistent in Hole GT1A. However, a transition from negative to positive inclinations in GT2A suggests some structural complexity, possibly as a result of intense late faulting activity. Both abrupt and gradual transitions between multiple zones of negative and positive inclinations occur in Hole GT3A. Interpretation and direct comparison of remanence between drill sites is difficult as recovered core pieces currently remain azimuthally unoriented, and GT2A was drilled at a plunge of 60°, whereas GT1A and GT3A were both drilled vertically. Work is ongoing to use borehole imagery to reorient the core pieces and paleomagnetic data into a geographic in situ reference

Development of Next-Generation Borehole Magnetometer and Its Potential Application in Constraining the Magnetic Declination of Oman Samail Ophiolite at ICDP Drill Sites

Science.gov (United States)

Lee, S. M.; Parq, J. H.; Kim, H.; Moe, K.; Lee, C. S.; Kanamatsu, T.; Kim, K. J.; Bahk, K. S.

2017-12-01

Determining the azimuthal orientation of core samples obtained from deep drilling is extremely difficult because the core itself could have rotated during drilling operations. Several indirect methods have been devised to address this issue, but have certain limitations. Thus it is still a challenge to determine the azimuthal orientation consistently over the entire length of the hole. Provided that the recovery rate is high and thus all the other magnetic properties such as magnetization intensity and inclination are measured from the recovered cores, one possible method for ascertaining magnetic declination information is to measure the magnetic field inside the empty borehole and invert for the best fitting declination. However, there are two major problems: one is that present-day borehole magnetometers are not precise enough to resolve changes in direction of magnetization, and the other is that in most rock drilling experiments the rate of recovery is low. To overcome the first major problem which is technical, scientists from Korea and Japan jointly conducted the development for the next-generation borehole magnetometer, namely 3GBM (3rd Generation Borehole Magnetometer). The borehole magnetometer which uses fiber-optic laser gyro promises to provide accurate information on not only the magnetic field itself but also the orientation of the instrument inside the borehole. Our goal is to deploy this borehole magnetometer in the ICDP Oman Drilling Project Phase 2 drilling experiment early 2018. The site may be suitable for the investigation because, as recent Phase 1 of the Oman Samail Ophiolite drilling has demonstrated, the recovery rate was very high. Also the post-drilling measurements onboard DV Chikyu have shown that much of the recovered samples has moderate magnetization intensity on the order of 0.1 and 1 A/m. Here, we present the results of numerical simulation of magnetic field inside the borehole using finite element method to show that magnetic

Distribution of hydrothermal fluid around the ore body in the subseafloor of the Izena hydrothermal field

Science.gov (United States)

Toki, T.; Otake, T.; Ishibashi, J. I.; Matsui, Y.; Kawagucci, S.; Kato, H.; Fuchida, S.; Miyahara, R.; Tsutsumi, A.; Kawakita, R.; Uza, H.; Uehara, R.; Shinjo, R.; Nozaki, T.; Kumagai, H.; Maeda, L.

2017-12-01

From 16th November to 15th December 2016, D/V Chikyu drilled the sea bottom around hydrothermal fields at HAKUREI site in the Izena Hole, Okinawa Trough. Site C9025, C9026, C9027, C9028, and C9032 are located along the transect line from the top of the northern mound of HAKUREI site to the eastward, and Site C9030 for the control site is located about 500 m northwest of the mound. Mg concentrations have generally been used to estimate mixing ratios between hydrothermal end-member and seawater in samples from hydrothermal vents. Higher Mg concentrations, however, were detected in the interstitial water than that of seawater, which could be due to artificially dissolution of Mg-bearing minerals that had formed in in-situ environments, when the cored sediments had become cool after their recovery on ship. Similar features were observed with regard to sulfate concentrations, and it suggests that these chemical species are not suitable to estimate quantitatively the contribution of hydrothermally-derived components. In some layers, chloride concentrations were different from that of seawater, indicating that hydrothermal fluids that had been suffered from phase separation flowed into the layers. The deviation, however, was positive or negative relative to that of seawater for an influence of brine or vapor phase, respectively. Therefore chloride concentrations are also not suitable to evaluate a quantitative contribution of hydrothermal end-member. On the other hand, K and B showed only enrichments relative to the seawater, and their highest concentrations are consistent with the reported hydrothermal end-members of each species at HAKUREI site. Using the concentrations of K and B can be evaluated for an influence of hydrothermal components. Furthermore, the headspace gas data are useful in the layers of sulfide minerals and silicified rocks, even though the interstitial waters could not be obtained because of their hardness. Based on these indices, hydrothermal fluids

Mission Specific Platforms: Past achievements and future developments in European led ocean research drilling.

Science.gov (United States)

Cotterill, Carol; McInroy, David; Stevenson, Alan

2013-04-01

Mission Specific Platform (MSP) expeditions are operated by the European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD). Each MSP expedition is unique within the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP). In order to complement the abilities of the JOIDES Resolution and the Chikyu, the ECORD Science Operator (ESO) must source vessels and technology suitable for each MSP proposal on a case-by-case basis. The result is that ESO can meet scientific requirements in a flexible manner, whilst maintaining the measurements required for the IODP legacy programme. The process of tendering within EU journals for vessels and technology means that the planning process for each MSP Expedition starts many years in advance of the operational phase. Involvement of proposal proponents from this early stage often leads to the recognition for technological research and development to best meet the scientific aims and objectives. One example of this is the planning for the Atlantis Massif proposal, with collaborative development between the British Geological Survey (BGS) and MARUM, University of Bremen, on suitable instruments for seabed drills, with the European Petrophysics Consortium (EPC) driving the development of suitable wireline logging tools that can be used in association with such seabed systems. Other technological developments being undertaken within the European IODP community include in-situ pressure sampling for gas hydrate expeditions, deep biosphere and fluid sampling equipment and CORK technology. This multi-national collaborative approach is also employed by ESO in the operational phase. IODP Expedition 302 ACEX saw vessel and ice management support from Russia and Sweden to facilitate the first drilling undertaken in Arctic sea ice. A review of MSP expeditions past, present and future reveal the significant impact of European led operations and scientific research within the current IODP programme, and also looking forward to the start of the new International

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Development of environmentally friendly universal controller; 1998 nendo kankyo taio universal controller no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

Research and development was carried out for an 'environmentally friendly universal controller (UC)' which would be 'user-friendly and energy-saving' when used with electrical home appliances. An environmentally friendly UC is a remote controller which utilizes an infrared two-way communication function and becomes capable of dealing with any appliance upon downloading remote control information from the appliance involved. Studies were conducted for the development of controller hardware and software therefor and for the development of electrical home appliances to correspond to their specifications. In relation with energy conservation, studies centered about reduction in power consumption while on standby and unnecessary power consumption. As the result, an environmentally friendly UC protocol was newly developed and, based on the protocol, plural numbers of controllers, appliances, and network gateways were tentatively fabricated, and were examined for their function, behavior, and operational interchangeability. Systems aiming at reducing power consumption while on standby and unnecessary power consumption were built by way of experiment, and were checked for performance. It was then concluded that a reduction of several billion kWh might be achieved. (NEDO)

Study on the impact assessment for the life cycle assessment (LCA); Kankyo fuka bunseki ni okeru impact assessment ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This report describes the impact assessment which is an important step for LCA. For classification of the impact assessment, the existing literature was reviewed and a skeleton for the classification was proposed. The weighting factors for nine selected impact categories, which were used to calculate environmental load point (ELP) for the valuation, were obtained for two overseas groups, i.e., students of Amsterdam University and SETAC Europe members. It was found that the former provided the similar trends to general Japanese, however that the latter gave high weighting in the global warming and depletion of ozone layer. The ELP was proposed and applied to automatic washing machine, coffee maker, waste incineration power generation system, and co-generation system. As a result, its effectiveness was demonstrated. This report also describes problems for the LCA of thermal and material recycling of PS trays. 99 refs., 96 figs., 73 tabs.

Research and development of environment measuring laser radar. 6. Follow-up; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kenkyu kaihatsu. 6. Follow up

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

In an effort to extend cooperation for reducing pollution in urban areas in the Asia-Pacific Region, a laser radar system was constructed in the city of Djakarta, Indonesia, in 1996, and a follow-up started in fiscal 1997. The aim is to collect information necessary for atmospheric environment improvement through observing pollutant distribution and movement in the upper atmospheric layers over the city. Mie-scattering lidar (laser infrared radar) observation has uninterruptedly been on since the summer of 1997, the system collecting data about Djakarta's atmospheric boundary structure throughout the year. The data indicate great changes in the atmospheric boundary structure between the dry and rainy seasons. The result of intensified observation conducted in the dry season shows that the altitude that the mixed layer reaches in the inland region is higher in the daytime and lower in the nighttime. It is necessary to compare the result with atmospheric pollution data collected on the ground surface and determine the relationship between the behavior of pollutants and the circulation of land-and-sea breeze. The data of September, 1997, reveal an aerosol layer at altitudes of 2km and higher, and this is attributed to forest fires. The result of intensified observation conducted in the dry season of 1998 is also stated. (NEDO)

Realization of an accelerator for environmental refreshment in case of soil; Dojo no kankyo sosei no tame no kasoku no jitsugen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Isogai, H; Kawakami, T [Electrotechnical Laboratories, Tsukuba (Japan)

1996-10-27

Techniques have been studied to accelerate, on a commercial scale, the natural refreshment effects which synthesize useful materials, such as compost and grape and amino acids from carbon dioxide, oxidized wastes and excretions exhausted by man. The symbiotic relationship between primeval bacteria and useful bacteria for Japanese traditional foods was investigated in 3 different experimental sections which were commonly composted; the first one consisting of composted soil, the second one provided with a layer (EM layer), in which these bacteria were densely cultured, on composted soil, and the third one with a common accelerator driven only by solar energy. A total of 9 seed potatoes were planted, 3 for each section, to monitor their growth. It is quantitatively confirmed that, when cultured in the third section, they grow roughly 3 times faster than in the first one. Sweetness can be sufficiently secured by the EM effect, because of sufficiently high ground temperature in early summer and an anaerobic atmosphere kept in the system. 6 refs., 2 figs.

Research cooperation of the development of laser radar for environmental measurements; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Research and development of the laser radar for measuring the air pollution in urban areas and the environmental information network have been conducted through the cooperation with Indonesian researchers. A measurement system suitable to actual situation of Indonesia has been constructed. In FY 1996, some works have been conducted as in the final fiscal year. To set the laser radar for environmental measurements and to make a plan of measurement research, conditions of air pollution in Indonesia and setting places of systems have been investigated. Opinions for the cooperation research have been exchanged with Indonesian researchers. Actual trends of the environmental measurements technology using laser radar have been surveyed. Indonesian researchers have been invited to learn operation and data processing of the system. One unit of MIE diffusion laser radar system has been designed and fabricated, and an additional data processing program has been made. The system has been delivered to Jakarta and installed. After the adjustment, performance tests have been conducted to complete the construction of the system. 3 refs., 72 figs., 10 tabs.

Psychological influences for the driver by the changes of running circumstance; Jidosha no soko kankyo henka no driver eno shinriteki eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Okura, S; Yokomori, M; Yamaguchi, S [Meijo University, Nagoya (Japan)

1997-10-01

A driver is influenced psychologically by the cars proceeding on the street and the cars parked on the shoulder which come into the front view. The traffic accidents are caused when these influences put a lot of stress on a driver. In this report, we study the relations between the road traffic condition on the streets and the highway and the driver`s psychological and psysiological responses by using the driver`s front view, sweating and pulse rate. 6 refs., 8 figs.

Method for evaluating environmental performance of technologies by using the interindustry relations table; Sangyo renkanhyo wo mochiita gijutsu no kankyosei hyoka shuho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hondo, Y. [Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-01-30

This paper describes a proposal of a method for evaluating environmental performance of technologies by using the interindustry relations table, and the case studies thereof. This method is characterized in that it can evaluate two effects affecting the environment: structuring of capital facilities required in association with introduction of the technologies and the changes in social structures. As a parameter to compare the technologies considering these effects, a concept of life cycle limited emission amount was introduced. In the case studies, life cycle limited CO2 emission amounts from using seven kinds of technologies were calculated, and environmental performances of each technology were compared. The result indicated that introduction in Japan of coal, oil and LNG fired thermal power generation will increase CO2 emission amount from the whole society. Conversely, introduction of hydraulic, nuclear, photovoltaic, and wind power generation technologies will reduce the CO2 emission amount. It is pointed out particularly that hydraulic and nuclear power generation can minimize CO2 emission from structuring capital facilities, and is an excellent technology from a viewpoint of reducing CO2 emission from the society as a whole. 5 refs., 6 figs., 1 tab.

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on research and development of environment compatible next generation supersonic propulsion system. 2/2. Development of environment compatible next generation supersonic aircraft engine; 2000 nendo kankyo tekigogata jisedai choonsoku suishin system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 2/2. Kankyo tekigogata jisedai choonsokukiyo engine kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 2000 in development of an environment compatible next generation supersonic aircraft engine. Development is performed, as part of CO2 emission suppressing technology development, on technologies for application to fan and compressor of metal matrix composites (MMC) having high specific strength useful to reduce engine weight, and brisk structures. Discussions were given on the spraying method for ring manufacturing, mono-tape method, and preliminary test method for fan aerodynamic performance verification. In order to reduce engine weight and fuel consumption, enhancement is required on the turbine inlet temperature and engine efficiency, whereas studies were made on mono-crystalline heat resistant alloy TMS-75 developed in Japan for application to the turbine structure. Studies were continued on castability, heat-treated structure control, mechanical properties, heat resistance and heat oxidation resistance. For the purpose of contributing to reduction of cooling air, improvement of fuel consumption, and CO2 reduction by providing turbine blades with high cooling performance structure, studies were given on the transpiration cooling structure to multiply the layers of mono-crystalline materials having high mechanical strength and durability to realize a structure artificially close to porous materials. The discrete control system was also discussed to improve the fuel consumption. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the potential survey of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system. Potential survey of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in the Philippines; 1999 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowa gata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Firipin ni okeru kankyo chowa gata system kanosei chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to working out a master plan for the introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in the Philippines, analysis was made of the state of coal use/the state of spread by industry mostly including the electric power industry, cement industry and residential/commercial use fuel sector. In the Philippines, the amount of coal use has rapidly been increasing since coal-fired power plants started operation. For the promotion of the use of domestic coals, it is important to reform low grade coal. Moreover, the technology is required which copes with the reinforced regulation against SOx emissions. In the cement industry, coal and coal ash have not yet been effectively used. Therefore, the following measures should be taken to increase the competitive force: energy conservation measures, reinforcement of environmental measures such as dust prevention, and effective use of the fly ash emitted from power plants. In general households and small-/medium-sized industries such as tobacco drying, they still use a large amount of charcoals and firewood, which is approximately 86% of the residential/commercial use energy. There is a growing tendency for the development/spread of coal briquette as substituting energy. (NEDO)

Report on the fiscal 1993 investigational study of the environmental technology development trend in Japan. Trend survey of the introduction policy of environmentally friendly products; 1993 nendo Nippon ni okeru kankyo gijutsu kaihatsu doko nado ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata seihin no donyu hosaku nado doko chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-05-01

An investigation was conducted into the systematical scheme for the introduction and promotion of environmentally friendly products mostly to the U.S., Europe and China. In the U.S., the introduction policy is given to one and all fields of the industry. The introduction policy of the U.S. has a characteristic that the introduction is left to the market principle by DSM or permit dealing, etc. except the preferential tax system and systematical finance in which the government is concerned. The policy of European countries is characterized by the idea preceding, standards or rules are first given, and the whole is pushed on to them. Accordingly, it seems that there is few atmosphere of expecting to receive the government side economic incentives from the corporate side. Legal regulations on the environment in China were prepared in a comparatively early time (1979), but the supervision of obeying the regulations and the appearance/spread of environmentally friendly product menus have just started. Accordingly, as the introduction policy on environmentally friendly products, there was found nothing valuable but the regulations. 12 refs., 3 figs., 15 tabs.

Feasibility study of environmentally friendly type coal utilization systems. Feasibility study of environmentally friendly type coal utilization systems in sectors except the coal industry in China; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Chugoku no sekitan kogyo igai no bumon ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For the purpose of working out a comprehensive master plan for application of the coal utilization system, the paper surveyed and studied the coal utilization system in terms of environmental measures and efficiency improvement in the utilization of coal. As a result of the discussion with NEDO and the National Planning Committee of China, Liaoning Province (the whole China) and Shenyang City were selected as a model area and a model city for the survey and study. As energy conservation measures taken in the former, desirable are intensifying/capacity-increase of boilers, kilns, etc. and adoption of new-type/high-efficient equipment. Also expected are reinforcement of combustion control and improvement of efficiency by using coal preparation, industrial use coal briquette, etc. Measures taken in the latter are the same as those taken in the whole China. As SOx reduction measures for Liaoning Province, desirable is installation of dry-type desulfurization equipment and simple desulfurization equipment. As dust prevention measures for it, desirable is installation of electrostatic precipitators or high-functional bag filters. SOx reduction measures for Shenyang City are the same as those taken in the whole China. SOx can be reduced by using coal-prepared low-sulfur coal and industrial use coal briquette added with desulfurizing agent. 88 figs., 163 tabs.

FY 1996 R/D project of industrial and scientific technologies contracted with NEDO. Report on R/D of organosilicon polymers; 1996 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu (Keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-12-01

Organosilicon polymers are highly innovative materials having high performance and novel functions, and they can be widely applied. The purpose of this study is to establish fundamental techniques for molecular design, synthesis, material processing and evaluation of organosilicon polymers having excellent electro- and photo-functions, and advanced heat-proof, fire-proof and mechanical properties. This R/D includes (1) R/D of electrical conducting materials by organosilicon polymers, (2) R/D of novel organosilicon polymers applicable to direct lithography, (3) R/D of new silicon-based polymer materials with electro-luminous function, and (4) R/D of silicon-based polymers for new photoconductive materials. In (1), synthesis of highly conjugated polymers is investigated. In (2), novel organosilicon polymeric materials have been developed, which would be applicable to direct lithography of electronic circuits, and which could contribute to simplification of the circuit formation process. In (3), the research aims at development of new silicon-based polymer materials with luminescent function which can be applied to the large size electro-luminescent display devices. In (4), new materials with visible light absorption have been synthesized through the molecular design and synthesis. The photo-carrier generation was observed. 107 refs., 86 figs., 23 tabs.

FY 1997 R/D project of industrial and scientific technologies contracted with NEDO. Report on R/D of organosilicon polymers; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu (keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The purpose of this study is to establish fundamental techniques for molecular design, synthesis, material processing and evaluation of organosilicon polymers having excellent electro- and photo-functions, and advanced heat-proof, fire-proof and mechanical properties. This R/D includes (1) R/D of electrical conducting materials by organosilicon polymers, (2) R/D of novel organosilicon polymers applicable to direct lithography, (3) R/D of new silicon-based polymer materials with electro-luminous function, and (4) R/D of silicon-based polymers for new photoconductive materials. In (1), synthesis method of regular polymers with a 3-D structure was developed. Non-volatile dopants were developed, and structures of polymer-dopant composites could be controlled. In (2), precise control of conductivity was examined. Material processing and evaluation techniques were also examined through stabilization of polysilane thin films, optimization of pattern forming conditions, and precision of patterns. In (3), new silicon-based polymers have been synthesized. In (4), two kinds of polymers have been synthesized for development of materials with high photo-carrier generation efficiency and high mobility. 72 refs., 71 figs., 22 tabs.

International symposium on environmental impacts of advanced alternative to CFC; CFC shinki daitai busshitsu no kankyo eikyo ni kansuru kokusai symposium hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-02-07

The international symposium on environmental effects of new CFC substitutes was held in Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Pref. on February 7-9, 1996, and 19 papers were made public. In Session 1 (Plenary lecture), reports were made on Global warming and climate change: a review of recent studies; Stratospheric ozone, CFCs, and CFC-substitutes: an update, etc. In Session 2, Measurements of OH rate constants for advanced refrigerants as well as HCFCs and HFCs; The reaction rate of CFC alternatives with OH radical; Experimental and estimated rate constants: reactions of hydroxyl radicals with several halocarbons, etc. In Session 3, Measurement of uptake coefficients of some acetyl halides and fluorinated ethers into water; Mass transfer at the air/water interface: removal processes of halocarbonyl compounds; Heterogeneous reactions of fluorinated ethers on allophane or titanium dioxide, etc. In Session 4, papers were reported on model calculations relating to the global warming.

Survey report on an environmental harmony type production system of chemical products; Kankyo chowagata kagaku seihin seizo system ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

As part of establishing an environmental harmony type production system of chemical products, study and survey were made on PET bottles. Using the life cycle analysis method (LCA), a study was made for proposing a material recycle (MR) method which is environmentally and economically excellent in the stage of recycling waste PET bottles. The total cost of recycling can be reduced by 34% supported by a decrease in equipment cost and improvement in yield if there is no mixture of foreign substances such as aluminum caps and PVC bottles. However, the ratio of the amount obtained from the reduction to the total production cost is small, and it is necessary to take measures from a viewpoint of the cost in a total production process and environmental loads. In a survey in Kawaguchi city, PET bottles discharged from the business sector occupied 41% of all the discharge amount. In a survey in Yokohama city, very important data were obtained on PET bottles appointed as the second type under the recycle law. The quality of PET bottles to be brought to the recycling plant is important for effectively processing PET bottles in MR method. For achievement of MR which is low in cost and small in environmental load, needed were cooperation by citizens, the shipping management system in autonomous government, and changes in design and material quality to be made by the industrial circle. 8 refs., 64 figs., 68 tabs.

Research report of fiscal 1997. Survey on information networks for environment technology transfer; 1997 nendo hokokusho. Kankyo gijutsu iten joho network chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

ICETT is one of the member organizations of APEC environment technology virtual center which established in Osaka in 1996 for active environment technology exchange between APEC countries based on a survey result obtained in fiscal 1995. ICETT began its information service in April, 1997, and completed useful prototype home pages which include the database composed of practical useful information on environment preservation technology of domestic factories and offices, and training information and local governments` approach cases to pollution control. In fiscal 1997, further survey was made, and the simulation software of a model process was also developed for training. Clean technology and energy saving technology strongly demanded by developing countries were surveyed to prepare a database including useful information for developing countries. A basic design software for bio-treatment of waste water was also prepared. The total number of home page accesses exceeded a predicted number for the first half year. 5 refs., 25 figs.

Research on improvement of indoor air quality and prevention of fungi; Shitsunai kuki kankyo no kaizen to kabi boshi ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tanaka, Tatsuaki [Ochanomizu University, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences

1998-12-16

An epidemiological survey survey was performed to elucidate the fungal flora of a dwelling house. The measurements were carried out in an apartment in Yokohama from Jul. 1996 to Dec. 1997. Fungi were isolated from 106 sampling points (the surface of the walls, floors, etc.) with sterile stamps. It was proved that Cladsporium, Penicillium, Eurotium, and Yeasts showed characteristic distribution. Especially Cladsporium was not isolated from the spring to the summer, but increased in the autumn. In addition to the survey, experiments on fungal growth temperature (13, 20, 25, 30, 36, 42 degree C) and water activity (A w 0.75{approx}0.97) were carried out. Cladsporium grew well in 13, 20, 25 and 30 degree C, but didn't grow in 36 and 42 degree C. In addition, the growth activity of Cladsporium was down below Aw 0.91. Eurotium was isolated from under Tatami, where it has an unchanging temperature and relative humidity. Yeasts preferred very high humidity. It was concluded that environmental factors such as temperature and relative humidity related to the growth of fungi. (author)

Evaluation of corrosivity of the vapor-phase environments to sterilized water with chlorine; Enso kei mekkin shorisui no kisho kankyo no fushokusei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakata, Michio. [Nippon Steel Corp. Yamaguchi (Japan). Technical Development Bureau

1999-08-15

Corrosivity of vapor-phase aenvironments in indoor pool, water thank, and water purification plants was investigated. Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) was used as a sterilizing agent in indoor pool, while chlorine gas was used in water tank and water purification plants. It was found that Cl{sup -} ion were concentrated in the dew formed in the indoor pool. H{sup +} ions as well as Cl{sup -} ions were accumulated in the dew dormed in the water tank ans water purification plants. Thus, the corrosion condition was varied with the type of sterilizing agents used. Through the investigation of water tanl, the relationship between pH and Cl{sup -} ion concentration was given as follow; pH=-1.09-2.19 log [Cl{sup -}] (mol/L). Corrosivity of vapor-phase enviroments in sterilizing water systems would be characterized by the exstence of oxidizing chemical agents such as ClO{sup -} and HClO, the shift of corrosion potenrial of the thin water film, and the accumulation of H{sup +} and/or Cl{sup -} ions in the dew. (author)

Research of environmental bioecosensing technology using ecological information. Part 2; Seitaikei joho ni yoru kankyo bio ecosencing gijutsu ni kansuru chosa. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Basic considerations of exploring and cultivating environmental reporter organisms are summarized. Mechanism of genetic engineering amplification and molecular biological amplification, and approach to combining them to a hardware as a bioindicator system are investigated. For the current status of molecular biological measurement technology for measuring ecological environment and its application, environmental diagnosis from a phyropathological viewpoint, environmental diagnosis using microorganisms, test fabrication of genetic sensor, and overseas examples of environmental monitoring network are described. For the application of ecological information and functions for developing innovative environmental remediation technology, issues and potential areas for research and development regarding the bioremediation technology in which the US has achieved a progress for the benefit of soil environment remediation are summarized. For the phytoremediation, an area of bioremediation, the metabolism of microorganisms which live in the rhizosphere, and the technology for controlling the microorganisms in the soil through plants are investigated. 66 refs., 50 figs., 17 tabs.

Current status and prospect on photo-catalyst application in environmental problems; Kankyo mondai ni okeru hikari shokubai oyo no ganjo to tenbo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Watanabe, T. [Toto Ltd., Kitakyushu (Japan)

1995-09-30

This paper summarizes application of photo-catalysts in environmental problems. The paper lists examples of the application in residential environments. Photo-catalytic decomposition is possible by using ultraviolet rays contained in room illumination if the bacterial presence is sparse. The examples thereof may be cited as follows: if colon bacilli are suspended on a tile with TiO2 photo-catalyst sintered in it and exposed to room illumination, the bacteria are disinfected; using photo-catalysts in a bathroom suppresses deposition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa; a photo-catalyst tile (TiO2 loaded with Cu) and light irradiation reduce intensity of tobacco smoke odor; and adsorbents may be used simultaneously if intermediate products are odor generating substances. The examples of applying photo-catalysts to regional environments may be quoted as follows: growth of algae in a Petri dish is suppressed by presence of Cu loaded TiO2 under room illumination; this leads to an expectation on its effect in a relatively clean water environment; glass beads loaded with a TiO2 photo-catalyst placed in a gold fish breeding tank reduces turbidity, the number of colon bacilluses, and COD value; and the mortality in gold fish shows no change. With an objective of application to exterior building materials, photo-catalyst applied tiles were left outdoors for 160 days. Nitric acid ions were detected that are thought to have been generated by decomposition of microorganisms that have deposited on the tiles. 6 refs., 5 figs., 3 tabs.

Report on investigation in fiscal 2000 related to improving APEC industrial technology indicators; 2000 nendo APEC sangyo gijutsu indicator seibi kanren chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to strengthen cooperation in the research and development field in the APEC areas, a database was structured on such data as research and development assistance institutions in each country, research and development budgets, human resources for research and development, such governmental regulations as research visa issuing procedure and foreign capital control, research and development trends in private business entities, major research and development organizations, and evaluation on research and development environment in private business entities. The introduction of the report describes the background of the investigation, and factors for internationalization of research and development. Trends were investigated on research and development in the eight nations; the Philippines, Thailand, Korea, China, Singapore, Taiwan and Malaysia. Specifically, investigations were made in China on the research and development statistics, research and development programs, investment trends, small to medium business entities, promotion of research and development, the result of the 1999 APEC investigation, computer software, computer net services, and electronic trading (e-commerce). In the Philippines, six items were investigated, such as the economy trends and prospects, the result of the 1999 APEC investigation, case studies, and small to medium business entities. (NEDO)

Trend of the strategy of European and American chemical industry in the restructuring; Obei kagaku sangyo no saihen ni miru senryaku no doko

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Niimi, M.; Yamabe, T.

1999-12-01

The business of life science is the cover products which connect directly with life such as medical supplies, functional food, nutriments, agricultural chemicals or seeds. The wave of the reorganization of enterprises in the life science field also spread to the integration of the medicine specialty enterprises, and new association trees mainly on medical supplies such as Novartis in Switzerland, Zeneca, Astra Zeneca and Glaxo Wellcome in England were born. Many major chemistry manufacturers are also agricultural chemical manufacturers. Though agricultural chemicals were being shifted to one which being effective at the low use owing to the environmental problems, with the advance of the popularization of gene recombination crops, sales decreased on the agricultural chemical business more, and participation and restructuring to the seed business were accelerated. In this paper, the outline of business restructuring and strengthening the basic strategy in the main chemistry enterprises in Europe and the U.S.A. are described. As a trend of the restructuring, some examples on Du Pont, Dow chemical, Monsanto, ICI, Akzo Nobel, Novartis, Shell Chemicals, BASF, Hoechst and Bayer are introduced. (NEDO)

Integration of the market of the European Community and the change of the industrial structure; EC shijo togo to sangyo kozo no henka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nakamura, T; Uno, K; Tanimoto, T; Yamashita, T [Osaka Sangyo University, Osaka (Japan). Institute for Industrial Research

1994-11-22

This paper describes progress of the cooperation as to the integration of EC market and the change of industrial structure. For the structural change in the industry and economy accompanied by the integration of EC, effects of the Maastricht Treaty on the economic structure of EC are described. It is considered that the EC countries are affected by the political and economical restrictions due to the agreement of this treaty. For the change in the distribution structure accompanied by the integration of EC, obstruction factors of the deregulation of EC transportation market are especially investigated. Differences in the distribution capacity, various regulations and standards, and labor condition among individual countries are pointed out as the obstruction factors. For the unity of Germany and its economical and administrative influence, various problems are pointed out as to the economical confusion, progress in the de-nationalization of enterprises, management of real estate and land, etc. For the structural change in the road freight market in the member nations of EC, the structure of road freight market is made clear for the previous West Germany before the integration of European market. It is confirmed that the internationalization of the German domestic market is being promoted.

Integration of the market of the European community and the change of the industrial structure. EC shijo togo to sangyo kozo no henka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Tanimoto, T; Uno, K; Nakamura, T; Yamashita, S [Osaka Sangyo University, Osaka (Japan). Institute for Industrial Research

1992-11-20

This paper considers problems in the change of the industrial structure as a result of the EC market integration, and the change of the physical distribution structure, mainly in cargo transportation. The market integration is being moved forward mainly on liberalization of flows in people, materials, and currencies, but the material flow liberalization has not progressed noticeably because of difficulty in deregulations. Changes in the transportation structure on the whole in the EC countries would not see a complete removal of barriers supported by the transportation licensing system because of issues in protecting domestic transportation markets and sharing the road expenses, even if the tariff barrier has been removed as a result of the market integration. Amid the predictions on deregulated legislations and intensified competition associated with the integration, the French trucking industry is indicated of its direction toward a two-layer structure comprising large-scale enterprises and medium-to-small companies. The German unification created problems in transferring from the socialistic command economy to the capitalistic market economy. The paper gives considerations on the real state of affairs in the privatization policy of the people-owned enterprises in the former East Germany, and its economic and managerial problems that should be solved amid the large-area EC market integration based on the mutualism over and above the economic system transition.

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on research and development of environment compatible next generation supersonic propulsion system. 1/2. Research and development of environment compatible next generation supersonic aircraft engine; 2000 nendo kankyo tekigogata jisedai choonsoku suishin system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 1/2. Kankyo tekigogata jisedai choonsokukiyo engine kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 2000 in development of an environment compatible next generation supersonic aircraft engine. In reducing noise, discussions were given on noise absorbing materials, jet mixer ejector nozzles, and fans. In order to reduce NOx emission, studies were performed mainly on stable combustion of an HTCE combustor. Reasonability of the AI control was verified by using simulations of a combustor model. Design was made on a fuel AI control system required to avoid such unstable combustion as backfire and spontaneous ignition. A CMC liner for an innovative heat resistant combustor was discussed. In the CO2 emission suppressing technologies, studies were performed on technologies to apply to large structures such three-dimensional fiber reinforced materials as MMC, CMC and TiAl. In developing damage tolerating design technologies for the advanced heat resistant material structures, studies were made on application to turbine structures of micro-structural stabilization for an extended period of time, heat insulation/oxidation resistant coating, micro and macro organization control and crack propagation analysis. The paper also describes an overall demonstration studies on technologies for very fine cooling of pseudo microporous structure, discrete control for CO2 reduction, an environment compatible engine systems and engines. (NEDO)

Research report of FY 1997 on the environmentally acceptable coal utilization system feasibility survey. Environmentally acceptable coal utilization system feasibility survey in Malaysia and Vietnam (Malaysia); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Malaysia oyobi Vietnam ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Malaysia ban))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In this survey, the coal utilization status in individual consumption sectors and coal distribution status in Malaysia are summarized as basic data for the introduction of environmentally acceptable coal utilization systems. In this fiscal year, the status of existing coal utilization technology and environmental issues in Malaysia are summarized as basic data for the introduction of above-mentioned systems on the basis of data and information collected by basic research and site survey in FY 1996. Malaysia is one of the rich countries producing the primary resources with crude petroleum, natural gas, hydro-power, and coal. The coal demand will be realized after saturating LNG development since 2000. The major coal consumption industries are power generation sector and cement industry sector. As expected increase in the future coal consumption, efficiency of coal utilization and environmental issues are problems in the future. Based on the FS results of this survey, the survey will be continued for planning and conducting the model project required from Malaysia. 8 figs., 34 tabs.

Development of an observation robot `Flying Fish` for comprehensive measurements of ocean environment; Kaiyo kankyo sogo kansoku robot `flying fish` no kaihatsu kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koterayama, W.; Yamaguchi, S.; Nakamura, M. [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan). Research Inst. for Applied Mechanics; Akamatsu, T. [Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-06-01

A high speed towed type physical and chemical observation marine robot named as `Flying Fish` has been developed since 1992, which can measure chemical substances in the sea as well as physical data, such as flow velocity of the ocean and water temperature. This paper describes its formation, designing, control system, and results of ocean tests. For the space continuous observation of physical, chemical, and biological quantities, it is essential to control the depth, pitch, and roll. The wing control method was employed for this robot. As a result of the ocean tests, the following conclusions were obtained. The accuracy under the steady state was {plus_minus}0.05 m in the depth, {plus_minus}1 degree in the pitch, and {plus_minus}0.5 degree in the roll. This was stable enough to operate chemical analysis, such as dissolved oxygen analysis. Even under the unsteady state during the change of depth, the pitch and roll were controlled in {plus_minus}3 degree and {plus_minus}0.5 degree, respectively. Results of the field tests and the numerical simulations for the performance of this robot were agreed well mutually in the practically sufficient accuracy. 10 refs., 15 figs., 2 tabs.

Development of the molecule imprint polymer recognized peculiarly the environment hormone; Kankyo horumon wo tokuiteki ni ninshiki kanona bunshi inpurinto porima no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yoshida, M. [Kagoshima Univ., Kagoshima (Japan)

2000-08-05

The molecule imprint method (MI method) is the technique that makes the binding site which is complementary with the mold molecule in the polymer using a recognized object molecule as a mold, and gives the selectivity of the purpose in the polymer tailor-made like. The environment hormone is represented in the chemical substances (phthalic ester, bisphenol A, alkylphenol) which are produced from plastics or dioxins when refuse is burnt, and the organochlorine compounds (PCB, DDT, HCH) which are included in agricultural chemicals or chemicals besides. Whitcombe et al. report with respect to the MI polymer of which the recognition target is 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzodioxne (TCDD) which has the strongest toxicity in the dioxins. As an example of the MI method which targeted the other environment hormone, there is the research with respect to PCB by Hosoya et al. (NEDO)

Survey on synthesis and reaction of environmentally benign water-soluble metal complex catalysts; Kankyo chowagata suiyosei sakutai shokubai no gosei hanno no chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

This report describes the research trend survey results on the synthesis and reaction of water-soluble metal complexes which are regarded as environmentally benign catalysts. For the synthesis and catalysis of water-soluble complexes, synthetic methods of water-soluble phosphines, such as sulfonated TPPMS and TPPTS, are described in detail. Synthesis and reactivity of hydroxymethylphosphines are introduced, and the application of electrospray mass spectroscopy is elucidated as a tool for the analysis of them. Changes of the application of transition metal complexes with water-soluble phosphines to catalysis are described. Dual catalysts which have both functions of phase transfer catalysts and homogeneous catalysts are introduced. Concept of counter phase transfer catalysts is also introduced, and some catalytic reactions are described. In addition, this report introduces catalysis of water-soluble polymer-supported metal complexes, immobilization of metal colloids with water-soluble ligands and their analysis, and water-soluble complexes as hybrid catalysts. 144 refs., 94 figs., 10 tabs.

Investigations on an environment friendly chemical reaction process (eco-chemistry). 2; Kankyo ni yasashii kagaku hanno process (eko chemistry) ni kansuru chosa. 2

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

In order to structure a chemical reaction process that does not discharge a large amount of waste by-products or harmful chemical substances, or so-called environment friendly process, investigations and discussions were given based on the results derived in the previous fiscal year. A proposal was made to reduce environmental load on development of oxidized and dehydrogenated catalysts that can produce selectively ethylene, propylene and isobutylene in an oxidation process. In liquid phase oxidation, redox-based oxidation and solid catalyzation of automatic oxidation reaction were enumerated. In acid base catalyst reaction, development of ultra strong solid acid was described to structure no pollution discharging process. In the fine chemical and pharmaceutical fields, the optical active substance method and the position-selective aromatics displacement reaction were evaluated to reduce environmental load. A questionnaire survey performed on major chemical corporations inside and outside the country revealed the following processes as the ones that can cause hidden environmental problems: processes discharging large amount of wastes, processes treating dangerous materials, and processes consuming large amount of energy. Development of catalysts is important that can realize high yield, high selectivity and reactions under mild conditions as a future environment harmonizing chemical process. 117 refs., 23 figs., 22 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 R and D report on environment-friendly hydrogen production technology; Kankyo chowagata suiso seizo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu 1998 nendo seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For efficient oil-free environment-friendly production of hydrogen necessary for oil refining process and effective use of CO{sub 2}, this project develops the efficient hydrogen production techniques by using a capacity of microorganisms. On the R and D on improvement of screening and breeding for photosynthetic microorganisms, introduction of different hydrogenases, acquisition of hydrogen uptake negative strains, control of photosynthetic pigment expression, breeding of PHB synthesis negative strains were carried out continuously, and some problems were arranged confirming the contribution to increasing a hydrogen production capacity. On the R and D on large-scale cultivation techniques, engineering data were collected by using a module continuously. Based on the engineering data collected by the module test, the feasibility study was made on a possibility as industrial technology from the viewpoint of a profitability and environmental harmony. Screening of bacterial strains suitable for 4 kinds of wastewater and capable of producing hydrogen under extreme conditions, and basic studies on photoreactor and cultivation technique were conducted by outside research organizations. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 research report. Survey on geothermal development sites (Survey on natural environment); 1999 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Shizen kankyo chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This report summarizes the result on selecting sites for large-caliber production wells, and landscape characteristic evaluation for simulation, based on the landscape survey on C candidate site for geothermal development. Field survey was made on landscape, plants and animals in the Kirishima Eboshidake area. It was clarified that this area has diverse flora including some rare species such as rein orchid and monkshood which are listed as endangered species. In addition, not a few epiphytes were identified. The zoological survey result showed that planted forests of evergreen coniferous trees which cover a wide range of the surveyed area, and peripheral grassland, scrub and natural forests provide good habitats for mammals such as sika deer and wild boars. On the other hand, no animal species in need of special protection were found. Geologically some traces of landslide occurrence in the past were detected in the northern part of the surveyed area relatively. As the survey result, some promising sites suitable for geothermal development were selected, which are judged to have a relatively small impact on natural environment and landscape. (NEDO)

Effect of Water Environment on Subcritical Crack Growth of Machinable Ceramics; Kaisakusei seramikkusu no kiretsu shinten tokusei ni oyobosu mizu kankyo no eikyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ikeda, K.; Kaizu, K.; Inotani, T. [Miyazaki Univ., Miyazaki (Japan); Yoshikawa, A.; Adachi, K.; Igaki, H. [Osaka Sangyo Univ., Osaka (Japan)

1997-06-15

The fatigue behavior of ceramics has been discussed on the basis of the relation between stress intensity facter (KI) and crack velocity (V). In this paper, the effect of environment on the relation between KI and V was studied on machinable ceramics (mica glass ceramics) and two kinds of glass ceramics with different grain sizes. The double torsion (DT) technique was used for the determination of the KI-V characteristics under different environments of air and ion-exchanged water. The characteristics of acoustic emission (AE) during stress corrosion cracking of mica glass ceramics was also examined. In water environment, the region II in the KI-V curve, in which crack velocity varies slowly with KI, disappeared. From this experimental fact, it was considered that at high KI, the crack velocity is encouraged by diffusion of the corrosive species to the crack and thus depended on the amount of water. SEM farc tography revealed that mica single crystals in the material caused crack arrest and deflection to occur. It is also found that AE event rate is quantitatively related to the crack velocity. AE measurement can be used in studying the crack propagation behavior of mica glass ceramics. 11 refs., 12 figs., 3 tabs.

Development of an observation robot `Flying Fish` for comprehensive measurements of ocean environment; Kaiyo kankyo sogo kansoku robot `flying fish` no kaihatsu kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Koterayama, W.; Yamaguchi, S.; Nakamura, M. [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan). Research Inst. for Applied Mechanics; Akamatsu, T. [Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1996-12-31

With an objective for spatial continuous measurement of physical, chemical and biological amounts in ocean, development has been made on a wing controlled towed vehicle, `Flying Fish` which is capable of controlling depth, pitch and roll. Numerical simulations and two-year sea experiments have been carried out for the development. Flying Fish consists of a sub-system comprising a towing vehicle, towing cables, and on-board controllers. In a steady state, Flying Fish can be controlled at accuracy for depth of {plus_minus} 0.05m, pitch of {plus_minus} one degree, and roll of {plus_minus} 0.5 degree. This accuracy is sufficient for operating a chemical analyzer, the dissolved carbonic acid analyzer. Even in a non-steady state such as in changing the depth, the pitch can be controlled at {plus_minus} 3 degrees and the roll at {plus_minus} 0.5 degree. This extent of attitude change is within a range rendering no problems in maintaining accuracy of the measurement devices. The result of sea experiments for movements of Flying Fish agreed with that of the numerical simulation at practically usable accuracy. Flying Fish is verified as an effective system in investigating spatial variations in ocean data. 10 refs., 15 figs., 1 tab.

Evaluation of indoor thermal environment with improved 65 nodes thermoreguration model; Kairyogata 65 bunkatsu taion chosetsu model wo mochiita shashitsunai onnetsu kankyo hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Matsunaga, K; Sudo, F [Isuzu Motors Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Tanabe, S [Ochanomizu Univ., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

Indoor thermal environment of a vehicle was evaluated by a numerical simulation. A numerical simulation using the equivalent temperature measured with the thermal manikin was conducted. Numerical manikin was improved and convective and radiative heat transfer at each body surface was described in detail. Comparative examination using the calculation results by the numerical simulation was also conducted. 3 refs., 8 figs., 2 tabs.

Assistance to countries which are on their way to energy conservation and preservation of the environment. Sho ene tojokoku enjo to kankyo hozen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Osaka, Kunikazu [The Energy Conservation Center, Tokyo, (Japan)

1990-02-20

Energy conservation is considered the most realistic measure against the problem of the global warming for the time being. Developing countries consume about 30% of the energy consumed in the world. Although their absolute consumption amount is little at the moment, their energy consumption is increasing year after year. Efficiency of their energy utilization is low because compared with advanced countries their equipments are of old type and their technologies are behind the times. It is, therefore, estimated possible to conserve energy by 30% with e improvements and plant and equipment investments. It is very effective to introduce Japanese advanced energy conservation technologies to these countries through international cooperation. In fact investigation commissions composed of experts have been dispatched to Thailand, China and Argentine, experts have been dispatched to foreign countries to stay there for several years and give assistance, trainees have been received, and study and training meetings have been held already. Seminars with Japanese lecturers have been also held in many foreign countries since 1983. As for the future prospect, establishment of core organizations as the base of technologies and human resources in foreign countries for the further promotion of assistance is expected. 7 figs.

Report on the results of `the R and D of industrial technology information base arrangement`; `Sangyo gijutsu joho kiban seibi kenkyu kaihatsu` seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In relation to information processing in the open type research information networking, R and D were conducted to establish basic technologies such as grading-up, acceleration, enhancement of efficiency, diversification of application, promotion of usable data accumulation, etc. As to the R and D of software to promote sharing of research information, software was developed which can easily modify and renew management objects for users at research sites, etc., and the target was almost achieved. Concerning the R and D of information supply technology, an approach was presented whereby clients submit bids for each stream of the data requested and the admission decision is made so as to maximize gain of the session under network capacity constraints. Additionally, the R and D were made of software to construct an international information sharing system, a system for multi-lingual I/O, text manipulation and communication, and software for remote use of network based information for scientific computing. 138 refs., 125 figs., 33 tabs.

Real-time drilling mud gas monitoring for qualitative evaluation of hydrocarbon gas composition during deep sea drilling in the Nankai Trough Kumano Basin.

Science.gov (United States)

Hammerschmidt, Sebastian B; Wiersberg, Thomas; Heuer, Verena B; Wendt, Jenny; Erzinger, Jörg; Kopf, Achim

2014-01-01

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 338 was the second scientific expedition with D/V Chikyu during which riser drilling was conducted as part of the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment. Riser drilling enabled sampling and real-time monitoring of drilling mud gas with an onboard scientific drilling mud gas monitoring system ("SciGas"). A second, independent system was provided by Geoservices, a commercial mud logging service. Both systems allowed the determination of (non-) hydrocarbon gas, while the SciGas system also monitored the methane carbon isotope ratio (δ(13)CCH4). The hydrocarbon gas composition was predominated by methane (> 1%), while ethane and propane were up to two orders of magnitude lower. δ(13)CCH4 values suggested an onset of thermogenic gas not earlier than 1600 meter below seafloor. This study aims on evaluating the onboard data and subsequent geological interpretations by conducting shorebased analyses of drilling mud gas samples. During shipboard monitoring of drilling mud gas the SciGas and Geoservices systems recorded up to 8.64% and 16.4% methane, respectively. Ethane and propane concentrations reached up to 0.03 and 0.013%, respectively, in the SciGas system, but 0.09% and 0.23% in the Geoservices data. Shorebased analyses of discrete samples by gas chromatography showed a gas composition with ~0.01 to 1.04% methane, 2 - 18 ppmv ethane, and 2 - 4 ppmv propane. Quadruple mass spectrometry yielded similar results for methane (0.04 to 4.98%). With δD values between -171‰ and -164‰, the stable hydrogen isotopic composition of methane showed little downhole variability. Although the two independent mud gas monitoring systems and shorebased analysis of discrete gas sample yielded different absolute concentrations they all agree well with respect to downhole variations of hydrocarbon gases. The data point to predominantly biogenic methane sources but suggest some contribution from thermogenic sources at depth, probably due

Overview of Hole GT2A: Drilling middle gabbro in Wadi Tayin massif, Oman ophiolite

Science.gov (United States)

Takazawa, E.; Kelemen, P. B.; Teagle, D. A. H.; Coggon, J. A.; Harris, M.; Matter, J. M.; Michibayashi, K.

2017-12-01

Hole GT2A (UTM: 40Q 655960.7E / 2529193.5N) was drilled by the Oman Drilling Project (OmDP) into Wadi Gideah of Wadi Tayin massif in the Samail ophiolite, Oman. OmDP is an international collaboration supported by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program, the Deep Carbon Observatory, NSF, IODP, JAMSTEC, and the European, Japanese, German and Swiss Science Foundations, with in-kind support in Oman from the Ministry of Regional Municipalities and Water Resources, Public Authority of Mining, Sultan Qaboos University, and the German University of Technology. Hole GT2A was diamond cored in 25 Dec 2016 to 18 Jan 2017 to a total depth of 406.77 m. The outer surfaces of the cores were imaged and described on site before being curated, boxed and shipped to the IODP drill ship Chikyu, where they underwent comprehensive visual and instrumental analysis. 33 shipboard scientists were divided into six teams (Igneous, Alteration, Structural, Geochem, Physical Properties, Paleomag) to describe and analyze the cores. Hole GT2A drilled through the transition between foliated and layered gabbro. The transition zone occurs between 50 and 150 m curation corrected depth (CCD). The top 50 m of Hole GT2A is foliated gabbro whereas the bottom 250 m consists of layered gabbro. Brittle fracture is observed throughout the core. Intensity of alteration vein decreases from the top to the bottom of the hole. On the basis of changes in grain size and/or modal abundance and/or appearance/disappearance of igneous primary mineral(s) five lithological units are defined in Hole GT2A (Unit I to V). The uppermost part of Hole GT2A (Unit I) is dominated by fine-grained granular olivine gabbro intercalated with less dominant medium-grained granular olivine gabbro and rare coarse-grained varitextured gabbro. The lower part of the Hole (Units II, III and V) is dominated by medium-grained olivine gabbro, olivine melagabbro and olivine-bearing gabbro. Modally-graded rhythmic layering with

An IODP proposal to drill the Godzilla Megamullion as a step to Mohole

Science.gov (United States)

Ohara, Y.; Michibayashi, K.; Dick, H. J. B.; Snow, J. E.; Ono, S.

2017-12-01

The year 2017 represents the 60th anniversary of the "original" project Mohole, which was coined by Walter Munk in 1957. Although the project Mohole has not yet been realized, the hard-rock community is now striving hard to understand the upper mantle in a variety of ways. Firstly, the present-day project Mohole, M2M (Moho-to-Mantle) project, will move forward in this September, conducting multi-channel seismic profiling off Hawaii as a site survey. Oman Drilling Project has started last December, and the drilled cores are being described aboard D/V Chikyu from July, this year. Furthermore, the forearc M2M proposal to drill the Bonin Trench forearc mantle was submitted to IODP in April 2016. Being a part of these efforts, we are preparing an IODP proposal to drill the Godzilla Megamullion, the largest known oceanic core complex on the Earth, located in the Parece Vela Basin in the Philippine Sea. A significant fraction of the ocean floor is created in backarc basins, while there have been no single long core of backarc basin lower ocean crust, from which to understand the likely differences in magmatic evolution and crustal structure in this key setting. The opportunity to explore the formation of the backarc basin lower crust and upper mantle is, therefore, an important contribution to understanding the ocean basins. At the same time, a better understanding of the architecture of backarc basin lower crust and upper mantle will greatly aid in the interpretation of the results of ophiolite study, since much of our understanding of the architecture of oceanic lower crust and upper mantle comes from ophiolites, most of which are thought to have at least some arc and/or backarc component. The Godzilla Megamullion is unique in its huge size as well as its development in a backarc basin, a rare tectonic window to study backarc basin lithosphere. The Godzilla Megamullion is prepared for full drilling proposal, with complete bathymetric data, multiple bottom samplings, and

Research report for fiscal 1998. Research for 'New Earth 21' project implementation program preparation; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. 'Chikyu saisei keikaku' no jisshi keikaku sakusei ni kansuru chosa jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the establishment of a CO2 measures introduction scenario which the world would accept, the latest information was collected, the DNE21 (Dynamic New Earth 21) model was improved, and simulation was reviewed. In fiscal 1998, simulation was performed for each district using an LDNE21 (Linear Dynamic New Earth 21) model, and an energy flow chart, energy balance table, and trade table were prepared and subjected to detailed deliberation. Studied were also conducted about the changes to occur in methanol production when the natural gas reserves and plant cost data were given different values. In the DNE21 model, the 'macro economy model' and 'warming damage function' were integrated, and simulation was performed for verification. Using a standard model compatible with COP3 (Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), comparison was made between a case in which different CO2 emission constraints were imposed on the advanced area and developing area separately and a case in which one and the same constraint was imposed on the world as a whole, and calculations were made about CDM (Clean Development Mechanism). (NEDO)

FY 1998 annual summary report on recent trends of global warming prevention measures with fluorochlorohydrocarbon alternatives; 1998 nendo daitia furon no chikyu ondanka taisaku doko ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Described herein are the recent trends of the ozone layer protection and global warming prevention measures. Latest international information has been collected by attending the 10th Meeting of the Party of Montreal Protocol, and the 17th and 18th Open Ended Working Group. The important decisions made so far are investigation on the novel ozone layer destruction substances, requirement of studying on decommissioning Halon facilities, collection of information of HFC and PFC, and reporting to IPCC. Information regarding regulation trends of HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} are collected by attending the COP-4 meeting and the preparatory meetings therefor. The report on these 3 substances will be completed in July or so, 1999. The trends of technical development in HCFC alternatives in refrigeration and blowing sectors were investigated. HFC-245fa and HFC-365mfc are introduced. Also introduced is latest information regarding the emission estimation and control measures of HFC in USA and UK, emission control measures of SF{sub 6} in USA and Japan, and techniques for destruction of CFC and the like, which could be the basic techniques for controlling diffusion of HFC. The CFC phase-out programs of China, the biggest ozone layer destruction substance (e.g., CFC) consuming country, are also outlined. (NEDO)

FY 1999 Project of information exchange by researchers on environmental problems in the Asia-Pacific region. Report on investigations for establishing Environmental Technology Research Network in the Asia-Pacific Region; 1999 nendo Asia/Taiheiyo chiiki kankyo mondai kenkyusha koryu sokushin jigyo hokokusho. Asia/Taiheiyo chiiki kankyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihtsu network kochiku chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Described herein are the results of the FY 1999 activities for the project of information exchange by researchers on environmental problems in the Asia-Pacific region. In 1999, the 6th International Workshop was held in City of Yokkaichi, Mie Pref., with the theme (Implementation of international collaborative researches on environmental technology) at International Center for Environmental Technology Transfer, with a total of more than 50 domestic and foreign attendees actively participating in the discussion. The keynote addresses were (Use of coal and environmental improvements) presented by Mr. Yoshisada Nitta, Director at Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, and (Potential of clean fuel from biomass) presented by Dr. Kyu-Wan Lee of Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology. The overseas surveys were conducted to promote the use and registration of the databases, and to identify problems by the on-the-spot investigations in Vietnam, the Philippines and Republic of Korea. At the same time, the mini-workshops were held for information exchange with the research institutes. It is keenly felt that Environmental Technology Research Network in the Asia-Pacific Region (ENTERNET-APR) works certainly in various areas, with the attendees in the last workshops serving as the key persons. (NEDO)

Research report of FY 1997 on the industrial science and technology development. Technology development of super-metal (technology development of nano-amorphous structural control materials); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku seika hokokusho. Super metal no gijutsu kaihatsu (nano-amorphous kozo seigyo zairyo no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Research and development of the innovative metals have been conducted, by which the weight reduction of members can be done by drastically improving the strength compared with conventional metals. For the high-rate cluster deposition and super plastic forming technologies, research and development of aluminum-based light-weight materials have been conducted, which provides excellent strength, toughness, and super plastic formability at room temperature. For the high-density energy utilization and control technology (amorphous-A), super-metals have been investigated as high dew point and corrosion resistance materials used for waste incinerators operated under the very severe conditions. These are expected to be applied to the apparatuses and equipment due to their excellent properties. For the controlled cooling technology (amorphous-B), super-metals with excellent soft magnetic characteristics and degree of shape freedom have been investigated for high performance and high efficiency devices including electric/electronic/communication devices, power transmission devices, and various industrial devices and parts. These are expected to contribute to the creation of new markets and the improvement of international competitive force. 123 refs., 160 figs., 33 tabs.

Research and development cooperation project on environmental measurement using laser radar in fiscal 1993; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

As one of the international research cooperation projects, the research cooperation in developing laser radar for environment measurement started between Japan and Indonesia. The project is scheduled to be carried out in a 4-year plan starting fiscal 1993. In fiscal 1993, conducted were negotiations with Indonesia on its implementation and a field survey. Between January 6 and 15, 1994, the first field survey was made in terms of topography, climate, road network and traffic situation of Jakarta city, and the proposed sites for installation were reported. The paper also introduced the reception system on the Indonesian side and a request for technical learning through stay in Japan. The second field survey was conducted between February 27 and March 6, 1994. Indonesia requested that they want to make laser radar observation not only for the local area, but the one that covers industrial areas, central urban areas and residential areas. Incidentally, there was an opinion that it is important to elucidate the pollution mechanism. 19 refs., 43 figs., 6 tabs.

Research and development cooperation project on environmental measurement using laser radar in fiscal 1994; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

The paper outlined activities in fiscal 1994 in the R and D cooperation project on a laser radar for environmental measurement. In the activities in fiscal 1994 of `the ODA laser radar development committee,` the committee held four meetings, two field surveys were carried out, and two researchers were invited from Indonesia. In the field survey, the environment in Jakarta city was investigated in terms of changes in population and number of the cars registered. Further, from data collected during 1994-1998 in the central Jakarta city, the following were made clear: the trend of a decrease in SO2, the trend of a rapid increase and an excess of NO2 content over the environmental standard, the status of pollution of which the level is close to the upper limit of the environmental standard of dust, etc. In the meeting of the policy study for the field survey at LIPI headquarters, Japan proposed a system which is constituted of a difference absorption laser radar, two Mie scattering laser radars, and a central processing unit. The sites proposed were studied in cooperation with Indonesia. 40 refs., 65 figs., 9 tabs.

FY1995 study of design methodology and environment of high-performance processor architectures; 1995 nendo koseino processor architecture sekkeiho to sekkei kankyo no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

The aim of our project is to develop high-performance processor architectures for both general purpose and application-specific purpose. We also plan to develop basic softwares, such as compliers, and various design aid tools for those architectures. We are particularly interested in performance evaluation at architecture design phase, design optimization, automatic generation of compliers from processor designs, and architecture design methodologies combined with circuit layout. We have investigated both microprocessor architectures and design methodologies / environments for the processors. Our goal is to establish design technologies for high-performance, low-power, low-cost and highly-reliable systems in system-on-silicon era. We have proposed PPRAM architecture for high-performance system using DRAM and logic mixture technology, Softcore processor architecture for special purpose processors in embedded systems, and Power-Pro architecture for low power systems. We also developed design methodologies and design environments for the above architectures as well as a new method for design verification of microprocessors. (NEDO)

To the fusion of age - economy and ecology of the ring industry revolution; Kankyo kakumei no jidai {approx}ekonomi to ekoroji no yugo he

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Akaike, Manabu

1999-05-31

What has suddenly been noticed as a keyword of the durable industry creation in which the ecology is made to be compatible with the economy is a philosophy of {sup t}he bio region (the life regionalism){sup .} As the concepts of region management desired at present, the philosophy of bio region which is the thought of the next generation development which I notice at present most roots in the place where selves live, and it aims at uniting with the region. In the reason, it is required that natural resources such as climate, land form, basin, soil, microorganism, flora and fauna, resources that the region has are utilized maximally. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the research study of environmental information network; 2000 nendo kankyo joho network ni kansuru chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the research study on environmental information network formation. The Internet is experiencing an explosive increase in volume of information distributed therethrough. This is accompanied by increased problems related to information searches, information exchange security and information-reliability guarantees. First in demand are excellent portal sites, and second are sites that can be relied on to responsibly provide information. Cooperation with the real world off the Net is of particular importance, because the operating organizations, e.g., sites, will lose their raison deter, unless they clarify their unique abilities and characteristics under the tendencies towards broadened bands and ubiquity. The public sector, on the other hand, is highly reliable, accumulates a large volume of information, and has high network capacity. It has various functions, e.g., supporting the activities pertaining to ISO standards, and promoting the activities, e.g., those for educational programs, interdisciplinary exchanges by researchers, and matching of various organizations. The international cooperation for environmental information needs construction and operation of the networks, and construction of the infrastructures in the developing countries. If information becomes more ubiquitous, a chaotic sea of information will result. NEDO is strongly obliged to serve as the beacon, because it has established a huge volume of environment-related technologies, information, and networks. (NEDO)

FY1995 study on three-dimensional integrated information environment toward human media; 1995 nendo human media e muketa sanjigen togo joho kankyo no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

In the next generation media environment, it is required to remove the boundary between virtual and real environment. The integration of these heterogeneous environments will enhance the applicability and availability of the human media. The aim of this work is to pioneer the new technology of 3-D integrated information environment in which both virtual and real environment are embedded, and to give a guide into the construction of human media. Our results consists of three parts as follows : (1) As a benchmark of the 3-D integrated information environment, the immersive television which has surrounding multi-projection displays was investigated. (2) A new method to synthesize arbitrary 3-D viewpoint images from 2-D real images was developed. On the other hand, a new concept of ray data description was introduced to represent whole visual data of 3-D real space. In the new concept, the whole visual data is treated as a set of ray data. New methods for superimposing and handling ray data were proposed. Potential applicability of the methods were clarified. (3) In order to enhance the reality of operations under the virtual environment, quantitative analysis was performed assuming that the HMD (Head Mounted Display) was used for displaying 3-D space information. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1994 survey report. Survey of environmentally friendly chemical process (Ecochemistry); 1994 nendo kankyo ni yasashii kagaku hanno process (ecochemistry) ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

Processes that contain latent environmental problems are the massive generation of wastes (inorganic salt, acid catalyst, base catalyst, and huge quantities of wastewater), handling of dangerous substances (use of hydrogen fluoride, use of phosgene, and use of substances whose discharge is legally controlled), processes which consume much energy (circulation of quantities of raw materials, use of quantities of solvents, separation of products with difficulties, use of high pressure, and multiple stage reaction), and processes which are expected to use resources now remaining unexploited. As an element technology for the solution of problems, there is the development of a solid redox catalyst for liquid phase oxidation. As compared with a liquid phase homogeneous catalyst, it discharges less inorganic wastes, facilitates the separation, recovery, and treatment of inorganic salts, corrodes structural materials less, and is thermally stable. An alkane partial oxidation catalyst when developed will achieve more energy conservation than an alkene oxidation catalyst. In relation to acid/base reaction, the zeolite catalyst will be improved and ultrastrong acids and ultrastrong bases will be developed, and these will reduce wastes, mitigate corrosion, and facilitate product separation. The development of a process is also expected which will avoid the use of toxic phosgene. (NEDO)

Research and development cooperation project on environmental measurement using laser radar in fiscal 1995; Kankyo keisokuyo laser radar no kaihatsu ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to the environmental management in Indonesia, Japan made R and D of a laser radar to measure the urban air pollution and an environmental network jointly with Indonesia in compliance with the actual situation of the country. At present, in developing countries, air pollution is becoming a big problem because of increases in population and in energy consumption in urban areas according to the industrial/economic growth. As for the laser radar, it is an active sensor with laser as light source and can observe in high resolution the three-dimensional space distribution such as density and composition of air pollutants. Japan is a leader in the development of laser technology which is a core technology for the laser radar and the preceding research. The equipment is installed at several points of urban areas in Indonesia, and at the same time, the observation network is constructed to collect, analyze and process data at the central processing center. This is a 4-year plan from fiscal 1993 to 1996. In fiscal 1995, negotiations with Indonesia and field surveys were conducted to determine sites for installation. A plan for system improvement was also decided on. 38 refs., 24 figs., 14 tabs.

Report on the survey in fiscal 1998. Survey on an environment technology transfer information network; 1998 nendo hokokusho. Kankyo gijutsu iten joho network chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This paper describes a survey on an environment technology transfer information network. Based on the achievements obtained by the surveys in fiscal 1995 and 1996, the ICETT has participated as one organization constituting the APEC environment technology exchange virtual center, and begun providing information since April 1997. As the environment technology information, those items actually employed by factories and operation sites in Japan are put into a data base, and into a home page including training information centering around those contained in the data base, and examples of works done by local governments for prevention of pollution. Furthermore in fiscal 1997, a simulation software for a model process has been developed. Fiscal 1998 strengthened the data base for environment preservation technology information, investigated environment preserving model companies and summarized them including even their management aspect. Investigations were carried out in developing countries on application of cleaner technologies. Gaps far exceeding anticipation exist in every field between these developing countries and Japan. Environment protection measures applied and succeeded in the developing countries as the means to narrow the gaps were collected, and compiled as the specific examples. (NEDO)

FY 1998 annual report on the geothermal development promotion survey. Report on landscape survey; 1998 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa hokokusho. Shizen kankyo chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Described herein are results of the natural environment surveys, carried out in the Shitanotai Region in Yuzawa City, Akita Pref., where Geothermal Development Promotion Survey C is scheduled. On-the-spot surveys, conducted from June to November, covered 3 items of landscape, vegetation and animals. The Shimonotai Region has a number of ponds and swamps, some of which are used as fields for Brasenia shreberi, and wet shield plant communities in places reflecting these environments. The zoological survey results show that moderate to dry deciduous forests of Japanese beeches (Fagus crenata) and Mongolian oaks (Quercus mongolica var. grossesserrata) in this region provide sound habitats for large mammalian wild animals, e.g., moon bears (Selenarctos thibetanus). For birds, there are some areas extracted indicating high possibility of being inhabited by honey buzzards (Pernis ptilorhyncus), which are listed as a near threatened species by the Environment Agency. Geologically, traces of landslide occurrence in the past have been detected widely, indicating need for more detailed investigation for land stability. These surveys have extracted several areas whose natural environments and landscapes are damaged relatively little by geothermal development. (NEDO)

Material revolution, and analysis of its impacts on the industry and technology of the next generation; Zairyo kakumei to jisedai sangyo gijutsu eno impact bunseki

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1984-03-01

This paper discusses possibility of advanced materials from seeds and expectations from needs; and also describes consistency between the seeds and needs, and possible impacts of these materials on the industry and technology of the next generation. Chapter 1 presents the promising results and eventual possibilities, based on the basic studies, of the advanced materials, e.g., fine ceramics, highly functional polymers, new alloys and composite materials. Chapter 2 analyzes the properties and functions attainable by these materials, and expected applicable areas; investigates their technical and economical possibilities; and also investigates their ripple effects on the technology and economy. Chapter 3 investigates the current situations of the demands in the automobile, chemical plant and energy areas, and problems involved in development of these materials for these areas. Chapter 4 investigates the measures to promote consistency between the seeds and needs of these materials, and impacts of these advanced materials on the related techniques, related industries and industrial structures. Chapter 5 summarizes the problems and measures narrowed down in Chapters 1 to 4 comprehensively for the above areas; and the measures to be taken by the private sector, and cooperation by the industrial, government and academic circles. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 comprehensive survey. Project for development of international standards for supporting novel industries; 2000 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo. Sogo chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development for creation of international standards had been under way for three years since fiscal 1998 for the sustenance and securement of Japan's technical advantage and for the enhancement of the international competitiveness of its industries. In the ultimate fiscal year for the project, studies were made for establishing standards relative to 13 subjects, involving the management of color reproduction, assurance of interoperability of optical disk systems, digital image processing for home-use digital electronic appliances, securement of connection between information devices for home-use electric appliances, production process system, method for testing and evaluating fine ceramics for communication equipment, method for evaluating high-temperature properties of new glass, method for testing and evaluating corrosion resistance of surface treated steel sheets, method for testing and evaluating pure titanium, method for testing and evaluating plastic optical fiber, method for evaluating properties of high-strength large-diameter steel pipe for ultrahigh-pressure natural gas pipeline, method for measuring fuel consumption of hybrid electric vehicles, method for calculating the recycling rate of automotive products, or the like. The fruits of 77% of the efforts have already been proposed as international standards or have arrived at a stage where they may be proposed as such. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 comprehensive survey. Project for development of international standards for supporting novel industries; 2000 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo. Sogo chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development for creation of international standards had been under way for three years since fiscal 1998 for the sustenance and securement of Japan's technical advantage and for the enhancement of the international competitiveness of its industries. In the ultimate fiscal year for the project, studies were made for establishing standards relative to 13 subjects, involving the management of color reproduction, assurance of interoperability of optical disk systems, digital image processing for home-use digital electronic appliances, securement of connection between information devices for home-use electric appliances, production process system, method for testing and evaluating fine ceramics for communication equipment, method for evaluating high-temperature properties of new glass, method for testing and evaluating corrosion resistance of surface treated steel sheets, method for testing and evaluating pure titanium, method for testing and evaluating plastic optical fiber, method for evaluating properties of high-strength large-diameter steel pipe for ultrahigh-pressure natural gas pipeline, method for measuring fuel consumption of hybrid electric vehicles, method for calculating the recycling rate of automotive products, or the like. The fruits of 77% of the efforts have already been proposed as international standards or have arrived at a stage where they may be proposed as such. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the survey project on planning to execute `The New Earth 21`; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (`chikyu saisei keikaku` no jisshi keikaku sakusei ni kansuru chosa jigyo)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Japan proposed in the Houston Summit the New Earth 21 to be carried out with technology development and technology transfer, and to make a concrete development of the project, Japan also proposed in the Tokyo Summit a TREE Plan for working out comprehensive strategies of the innovative technology development. In the CO3 Kyoto Conference in 1997, numerical targets for developed countries were determined which have legal binding force for control/reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the term of 2008-2012. It was agreed to urge developing countries also to play a certain part in the project through the clean development. Therefore, the paper made quantitative analysis of important CO2 prevention technologies, technology transfer costs, and economical assessment by energy conservation. As a model, the DNE 21 model was upgraded and used into which CO2 prevention technologies, energy, economy and climate changes were integrated. In fiscal 1997, the following were carried out: collection of data on important CO2 prevention technologies and systems and analytical assessment using the DNE 21 model, CO2 reduction and selection of energy technology, assessment of energy system costs, construction of the unified DNE 21 model, and opening of the international workshop. 62 refs., 98 figs., 34 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 survey report on the trend of global warming protection measures of substituting freons; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (daitai freon no chikyu ondanka taisaku doko ni kansuru chosa hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The trend survey was conducted of global warming protection measures by participation in international conferences, scientific society meetings and lecture meetings, and by literature surveys. We participated in the international conference on ozonosphere protection measures. In the 9th meeting of the nations which concluded the Montreal Protocol, the strengthening of restrictions on methyl bromide was decided on. In the UNEP solvent technology selection conference and the OORG conference of the World Bank, reports were made on substituting solvents in Japan, activities supporting developing countries, and the developmental trend of urethane use foaming agent. In the international conference on ozonosphere protection measures, introduced were the present status of Japan`s ODA for developing countries and examples of success of the substitution in the solvent field. The paper included nine reports on CFC destruction technology related literature made public in the past one year. The paper also introduced a comparative study of de-HCFC substituting technology at U.S. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. EPA`s prediction of emission of fluorine 3 gas, the predicted value of HFC emission and trial calculation of contributing rate in all greenhouse gases by IIR, Green Peace and Elf Atochem, and NOAA`s measured data on SF6 in the atmosphere. 49 refs., 46 figs., 26 tabs.

Survey on hydraulic power resources. Survey plan (draft) (For clean energy of the future generations); Chikyu kibo suiryoku shigen chosa chosa keikakusho (an). Mirai no sedai ni clean energy wo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-03-01

Promotion of development of hydraulic power and others as fossil fuel alternative energy sources is one of the most important measures for solving the global environmental problems. This draft plan proposes, first of all, to conduct surveys on hydraulic power resources on a global scale, to collect the basic data for development of the energy sources. It is estimated that developed hydraulic power resources account for approximately 14% of the total developable resources, the remainder being left untouched. By region, these percentages rise to approximately 55 and 45% in North America and Europe, respectively. These percentages in Asia, Africa, Latin America and FSU are significantly lower, and their undeveloped resources are estimated to total approximately 6 times as large as those already developed worldwide. It is expected that the hydraulic power resources are surveyed on a 10-year plan (1991 to 2000) with a total budget of 30 billion yen, to collect the data and establish the databases in cooperation with international organizations, e.g., UN organizations, regional organizations (e.g., ASEAN organizations) and newly founded organizations. (NEDO)

Achievement report (2/2) on R and D in fiscal 1999 on environment adaptive next-generation supersonic propulsion system. R and D of environment adaptive next-generation supersonic propulsion engine; 1999 nendo seika hokokusho. Kankyo tekigo gata jisedai choonsoku suishin system no kenkyu kaihatsu - Kankyo tekigo gata jisedai choonsokuki you enjin kaihatsu (2/2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-12-01

With an objective to develop an environment adaptive next-generation supersonic propulsion system, research and development have been performed on noise reducing technologies, NOx exhaust reducing technologies, CO2 exhaust reducing technologies, and environment adaptive engine system technologies. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. In developing the CO2 exhaust reducing technologies, discussions were given on the following items as the researches on a technology to apply three-dimensional fiber-reinforced materials to large structures: application of metal-based composite materials (MMC) to the fan rotor; application of CMC, TiAl materials to turbine structural materials; TiAl shroud support, CMC shroud, high load turbine cascades supported by the composite materials, and application of the CMC, TiAl materials to the gas exhaust nozzle. In developing the environment adaptive engine system technologies, flows were established to judge the achievement of the project target of noise reduction, NOx exhaust reduction and CO2 exhaust suppression. Furthermore, in the demonstration and research of the engine integration, the setting was conducted on the engine test schedule, and so was the primary setting for criteria on parts to be assembled into the engine. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 feasibility survey of an environment friendly type coal utilization system. Feasibility survey of the environment friendly type coal utilization system in Malaysia and Vietnam (case of Vietnam); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Malaysia oyobi Vietnam ni okeru kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (Vietnam ban))

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The paper grasped the state of coal utilization by coal consumption field, the state of coal physical flow in Vietnam, etc., surveyed/studied a possibility of introducing the environment friendly type coal utilization system, and assessed the possibility. As to energy resources, the north is abundant in hydroelectric and coal (mainly anthracite) resources, and the south in oil and natural gas resources. Coal production in fiscal 1997 is planned to be 10 million tons. Coal preparation technique presently available is only grain size sieving. Accordingly, it is necessary to study for heightening efficiency of facilities and modernizing facilities in accordance with the introduction of the environment friendly type coal utilization technology. During the study, it is possible to propose improvement on coal processing technology (coal preparation technology). Assessment and study are made especially of the coal selection system, fine coal recovery system and waste water treatment system. For the plan on new coal-fired power plants (300MWtimes4), there is left much necessity of proposing studying models considered of the anthracite combustion technology and environmental improvement and of assessing/studying them. 60 figs., 117 tabs.

Fiscal 1996 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of technologies to invent original high-functional materials; 1996 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Technologies were described of creating original high-functional materials. The paper presented the following two as fields of technology on which importance is to be placed for the future R and D from technological and socioeconomic points of view. In the field of new materials of living organism imitation type, remarkably high-performance/high-functional new materials are invented by imitating the precise function manifestation mechanism of the ultimate living organism in which a great variety of matters are in harmony with each other and manifest complicated and high-level functions. In the field of structural control/synthesis process technology, the paper is aimed at manifestation of newer and higher functions/performance and innovation of the synthesis process, and also at developing technology to precisely control structure and process of materials including surface and interface in correspondence with atomic/molecular to macro levels. Up to the present, conducted were an examination of autonomous response materials (the subtheme is a R and D of polymer/composite multi-stimuli-responsive materials) and a R and D of precise polymerization (control) polymer materials. 239 refs., 129 figs., 49 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 research report on long-term energy technology strategy. Basic research on industrial technology strategy (Individual technology strategy). Machine industry technology field (Machine tool); 1999 nendo choki energy gijutsu senryaku nado ni kansuru chosa hokokusho. Sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa (bun'yabetsu gijjtsu senryaku) kikai sangyo gijutsu bun'ya (kosaku kikai bun'ya)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1999 basic research result on industrial technology strategy of a machine tool field. Corresponding to construction of an environment-friendly recycling economic society and economic growth as estimated change in social and industrial structure during 2010-2025, major themes are reuse of machine tools, energy saving, environment design, chip treatment and resource recovery. With preparation of information infrastructures in an advanced information society, major issues are 3D-CAD, remote diagnosis, remote control and self-restoration. Because of decline of the birth rate, positive employment of aged persons and women is desirable. New machining technology for new materials, and fusion of various machining technologies are important. For micro-technology, study should be made on the concept and effect of micro-factory (energy saving, space saving, cost reduction, higher accuracy and higher speed). For higher-accuracy machine tool, static, dynamic, thermal and movement characteristics are the key for improving the proper technology. For faster machining. fine basic structural element, faster main spindle and faster feed are important. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the R and D result of industrial science and technology. R and D on super metal (R and D on innovative raw metal materials); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku seika hokokusho. Super metal no gijutsu kaihatsu (kakushinteki kinzoku sokei zairyo no gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Study was made on the applicability of mechanical milling (MM) and mechanical alloying (MA) to Fe system alloys. Metastable austenitic stainless steels such as SUS316L and SUS304L form {alpha} phases by strain induced transformation due to MM, and are subjected to further plastic deformation. Nano-size fine structure was obtained through inverse transformation into austenite({gamma}) by heat treatment or high-temperature sintering of MM powder. Fine microduplex structure of 620nm in average crystal grain size was obtained for SUS316L. This material showed nearly 3.3 times higher 0.2% tensile proof stress, nearly 1.8 times higher tensile strength, and 35% higher elongation than conventional ingot steels. Solid solution powder of 12Cr-Mo-W ferritic steel was sintered by hot isostatic pressing (HIP) under low- temperature and ultrahigh-pressure conditions of 650degC and 588MPa. The as-HIP`ed sample and sample annealed at 800degC showed average {alpha} grain sizes of 33 and 50nm, respectively, and a strength twice as high as that of 12Cr steel. 97 refs., 60 figs., 18 tabs.

Fiscal 1999 research report on long-term energy technology strategy. Basic research on industrial technology strategy (Individual technology strategy). Machine industry technology field (Semiconductor equipment); 1999 nendo choki energy gijutsu senryaku nado ni kansuru chosa hokokusho. Sangyo gijutsu senryaku sakutei kiban chosa (bun'yabetsu gijutsu senryaku) kikai sangyo gijutsu bun'ya (handotai seizo sochi bun'ya)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This report summarizes the fiscal 1999 basic research result on industrial technology strategy of a semiconductor equipment field, viewing until 5-10 years after. For the future semiconductor industry, the favorable cycling of creation of new demands through performance improvement, and further technology innovation through market expansion is essential absolutely. Since technology development is followed by investment, not only the performance of each equipment but also the higher productivity and cost balance of the whole factory are essential. Self-intelligent function and networking are thus necessary for the equipment. As measures for environment preservation and energy saving, such innovative technologies are required as recycling, reuse, reaction process improvement and alternative technology. Because of diverse final products and a short life time of products, a large-scale collective investment is becoming difficult. A mini-line sequential investment production system according to demand scales is under investigation. Some issues such as micro-technology, realization of 300mm wafer, modularization, CIM, reliability and standardization are also described. (NEDO)

Activity of environmental, safety and hygiene on Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc., Tokyo plant; Dainippon Ink Kagaku Kogyo (kabu) Tokyo kojo no kankyo hoan katsudo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nagai, T. [Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc., Tokyo (Japan)

1998-06-15

This plant exists along Route 17 in Itabashi-ku, Tokyo adjacent to Saitama prefecture, and started operation in Nov. 1937 to produce printing ink, varnish for ink, paint for cans, paint for PCM and paint for incombustible building materials. Five hundred employees and more than 100 stationed workers from cooperative companies work in the plant. Disasters of the plant are drastically on the decrease. The plant achieved a non-disaster duration of nearly 9.7 million hours, and no accidents and disasters for nearly 10 years at the end of Feb. 1997. Safety and quality control are in promotion by top-down system through the organization and bottom-up activity by small groups. The experience meetings of safety and QC circle activities are held in spring and autumn every year to spread the results among employees. In addition, selective activities are made by top-down system at marked points to prevent accident and disaster, and a mannerism in circle activity. Environmental ISO was also introduced for further improvement of an environmental protection control system. 1 fig.

FY1998 research report on the R and D on recycling technology. Part 1; 1998 nendo recycle nado kankyo gijutsu kekyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This project aims to develop recycling technology for reduction of environmental burden caused by waste, and promotion of recycling of wastes. As for advanced recycling technology for PET bottles, the facility was improved for improvement of a facility operability and product quality. Study was made on the effect of a raw bale quality and recycled flake colors on a product quality, the forming test with PS or PET labels, and the concentration and effect of washing liquid circulated in flake washing process. As for recycling technology of hard-to-dispose waste plastics, facility improvement and demonstration test were made for continuous operation of dry-distillation/gasification of shredder dusts and separation of nonferrous metals and glass. Study was also made on pulverizing and recycling technologies of FRP bath tubs, and such pulverization costs were estimated. As for production technology of chemical feed and fuel from wastes, study was made on removal technology of non-flammable substances, development of alkaline additives, reacting condition, development of reactors, and use technology as chemical feed. (NEDO)

Evaluation of building envelopes from the viewpoint of capability of controlling thermal environment; Onnetsu kankyo chosei noryoku ni yoru kenchiku gaihi no hyoka no kokoromi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Umeda, K; Ono, S [Taisei Corp., Tokyo (Japan); Shukuya, M [Musashi Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-10-27

The ability that architectural space improves the thermal environment in comparison with outdoor environment is called the `capability of controlling thermal environment.` As the value becomes higher, the indoor thermal environment is more improved. In this paper, the controlling capability of six building envelopes with different window systems was compared. The heat transfer in the wall and window system is approximated using a lumped mass model of heat capacity to obtain a heat balance equation and combined with the heat balance equation in indoor air for backward difference. The wall surface temperature and indoor air temperature in a calculation model are then calculated. A radiation absorption coefficient is used for mutual radiation on each wall. In the model, the adjoining room or first- and second-floor rooms were made the same in conditions as the model on the assumption that the one-side lighted office in an RC reference floor is in the non-illumination and non-airconditioning state. In summer, the controlling capability remarkably varies depending on the window system. For the window facing the south, the annual capability is more advanced than in other directions and the indoor thermal environment is improved on the average. 7 refs., 12 figs., 1 tab.

Feasibility design of a floating airport and estimation of environmental forces on it; Futaishiki kuko no sekkei to kankyo gairyoku no suitei ni kansuru kento

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Inoue, Y.; Tabeta, S.; Takei, Y. [Yokohama National University, Yokohama (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1996-12-31

A rough design was performed on a floating airport. On this floating structure, environmental external force was estimated, mooring design was carried out, and discussions was given on the position retaining performance important for airport functions and behavior of the floating structure. The discussion was given on cases that the airport is surrounded and not surrounded by floating breakwaters. A floating structure which becomes super-large in size requires considerations on force due to sea level gradient as a result of a tide. Deriving flow condition changes and force acting on the floating structure simultaneously by using numerical calculations makes it possible to estimate current force given with considerations on influence of the flow conditions created by installing the floating airport. Estimation was carried out by using a zone dividing method on wave drifting force acting upon the floating airport. As a result, it was found that installing floating and permeating type breakwaters can reduce the wave drifting force acting on the floating airport. The wave drifting force working on the floating airport can be reduced by installing the floating and permeating type breakwaters to lower levels than when no such breakwaters are installed. The airport may be moored with less number of fenders when the fenders of the same type are used. 18 refs., 10 figs., 5 tabs.

Report on investigation in fiscal 2000 of industrial technology exchange with international networking organizations; 2000 nendo kokusaitekina network gata soshiki tono sangyo gijutsu koryu chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to promote exchange of industrial technologies, investigations and analyses were made on identification of the current status of networking organizations in different countries working as windows for industrial technology exchange, and on the actual status of technology commercialization methods in overseas incubators. Activities were taken in the following three fields: 1) the current status of networking organizations and incubators in different countries, 2) typology of technology commercialization, technical fields, and success factors, and 3) possibility of the use of technology information in the networking organizations. In Item 1), investigations were performed on the current status and actual activity status of the networking organizations including research parks and individual incubators intended of information exchange, mainly in the United States, UK, and Finland. In Item 2), considerations are given on the points related to technology incubation based on the information about the networking organizations and incubators in each country, and the way the industry-academia cooperation should be. In Item 3), discussions were given on the roles of the networking organizations and the possibility of utilization of technological information in the networking organizations in Japan. (NEDO)

Survey of the situation of technology succession. Databases of articles including in industrial technology museums; Gijutsu keisho jokyo chosa. Sangyo gijutsu hakubutsukan shuzohin D.B. hen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

To promote the succession of history of and the creative use of industrial science technologies, the paper made lists and databases of the articles of industrial technology museums and material halls in Japan. Record/preservation and collection/systematization of history of the industrial technology is useful for forming bases necessary for promotion of future research/development and international contribution. Museums and material halls are the fields for making comprehensive and practical activities. The data were made as one of the basic databases as the first step for promoting activities for examining the technical succession situation in a long term range continuously and systematically. In the classification of the data, the energy relation was divided into electric power, nuclear power, oil, coal, gas and energy in general. Others were classified into metal/mine, electricity/electronics/communication, chemistry/food, ship building/heavy machinery, printing/precision instrument, and textile/spinning. Moreover, the traffic relation was classified into railroad, automobiles/two-wheeled vehicles, airline/space, and ships. Items were also set of life relation, civil engineering/architecture, and general. The total number of the museums for the survey reached 208.

Prospect of French industrial technology research and development under President Chirac`s political power; Shiraku seikenka ni okeru Futsu sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seisaku no mitoshi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-02-01

This paper describes a prospect of French industrial technology research and development under President Chirac`s political power. The research and development in France is characterized by the national leadership. It depends greatly on the system and organization as well as the economical factors. The policy concentrates on the reformation of development organization rather than the research and development itself. It is required to provide the cultural and social tradition and environment that can bring up people bearing it, the system that can supply the methods of research and development, and the force of technology and market development that can industrialize and commercialize its results. The national leadership in France basically relates to all of these three factors. The actors of framework for the financing and enforcement of research and development are illustrated in a scheme by dividing them into government and companies. The actors for the enforcement of research and development are also divided into governmental public organizations and companies. This paper also provides the defense development in the private companies having a large finance of research and development from the government. The finance of research and development for public welfare from the government is roughly divided into the large-scale projects with determined usage by the government, and the supports for proposals by the companies. 13 refs., 4 figs., 40 tabs.

Mud Gas Logging In A Deep Borehole: IODP Site C0002, Nankai Trough Accretionary Prism

Science.gov (United States)

Toczko, S.; Hammerschmidt, S.; Maeda, L.

2014-12-01

Mud logging, a tool in riser drilling, makes use of the essentially "closed-circuit" drilling mud flow between the drilling platform downhole to the bit and then back to the platform for analyses of gas from the formation in the drilling mud, cuttings from downhole, and a range of safety and operational parameters to monitor downhole drilling conditions. Scientific riser drilling, with coincident control over drilling mud, downhole pressure, and returning drilling mud analyses, has now been in use aboard the scientific riser drilling vessel Chikyu since 2009. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 348, as part of the goal of reaching the plate boundary fault system near ~5000 mbsf, has now extended the deep riser hole (Hole C0002 N & P) to 3058.5 mbsf. The mud gas data discussed here are from two approximately parallel boreholes, one a kick-off from the other; 860-2329 mbsf (Hole C0002N) and 2163-3058 mbsf (Hole C0002P). An approximate overlap of 166 m between the holes allows for some slight depth comparison between the two holes. An additional 55 m overlap at the top of Hole C0002P exists where a 10-5/8-inch hole was cored, and then opened to 12-1/4-inch with logging while drilling (LWD) tools (Fig. 1). There are several fault zones revealed by LWD data, confirmed in one instance by coring. One of the defining formation characteristics of Holes C0002 N/P are the strongly dipping bedding planes, typically exceeding 60º. These fault zones and bedding planes can influence the methane/ethane concentrations found in the returning drilling mud. A focused comparison of free gas in drilling mud between one interval in Hole C0002 P, drilled first with a 10 5/8-inch coring bit and again with an 12 ¼-inch logging while drilling (LWD) bit is shown. Hole C0002N above this was cased all the way from the sea floor to the kick-off section. A fault interval (in pink) was identified from the recovered core section and from LWD resistivity and gamma. The plot of

Submarine Landslides and Mass-Transport Deposition in the Nankai fore-arc

Science.gov (United States)

Strasser, M.; Henry, P.; Kanamatsu, T.; Moe, K.; Moore, G. F.; IODP Expedition 333 Scientists

2011-12-01

Multiple lines of evidence exist for a range of sediment mass movement processes within the shallow megasplay fault zone (MSFZ) area and the adjacent slope basin in the outer fore-arc of the Nankai subduction zone, Japan. Diagnostic features observed in 3-D reflection seismic data and in cores from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 316 document a complex mass movement history spanning at least ˜2.87 million years. Various modes and scales of sediment remobilization can be related to the different morphotectonic settings in which they occurred and allow integration of knowledge on the spatial and temporal distribution of submarine landslides into a holistic reconstruction of the tectonostratigraphic evolution. New data from the most-recent Nankai IODP Expedition 333, which drilled and cored a Pleistocene-to-Holocene succession of the slope-basin seaward of the MSFZ, provides unprecedented details on submarine landslide processes occurring over the last Million year. The slope-basin represents the depocentre for downslope sediment transport and is characterized in 3-D reflection seismic data by several mass-transport deposits (MTDs), including an up to 180 m thick MTD. Here we present D/V Chikyu shipboard results and first post cruise results from Site C0018, including litho- bio- magneto- tephra- and stable isotope-stratigraphy, X-ray computed tomography analysis and physical properties data. Six MTDs were identified from visual core description and X-ray CT-scans. The thickest MTD is also the oldest (emplaced between 0.85 and 1.05 Ma) and it coincides with a lithological transition between a sandy turbidite sequence below, and ash-bearing hemipelagites comprising several MTDs above. Deformation styles within the MTD are heterogeneous: intervals of disturbed sediments are interbedded within intervals inferred to retain original, coherent bedding. In three occurrences the base of the MTD is defined by a shear zone within fine-grained sediments

Change of environmental factors in different site which effect the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic module. Comparison of the environmental factors in Shinjuku Tokyo with the one in Chino Nagano; Kotonaru chiten ni okeru taiyo denchi no henkan koritsu ni eikyo wo ataeru kankyo inshi no henka. Tokyoto Shinjukuku to Naganoken Chinoshi no kankyo inshi no hikaku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Higuchi, T.; Tani, T.; Hirata, Y.; Inasaka, T. [Science University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

Environmental factors affecting conversion efficiency of solar cells were measured in Tokyo and Nagano to comparatively study the difference. In the study, measurement was made of intensity of global solar radiation on an inclined surface (insolation intensity), ambient air temperature, and distribution of spectral solar radiation at the two points. Also measured were output characteristics of polycrystal silicon solar cell modules and amorphous silicon solar cell modules. The result of the comparative analysis was as follows: The annual inclined global solar radiation amount integrated in 1996 is 27% more in Nagano than in Tokyo. The weighted average insolation intensity in Nagano is 0.09 kW/m{sup 2} higher in Tokyo. The weighted average cell temperature in Nagano is 4degC lower than in Tokyo. The effective spectral ratio in Nagano is 1-2% lower both in polycrystal Si and amorphous Si than in Tokyo. Thus, it was inferred from that environmental factors are different that conversion efficiencies of photovoltaic modules were different. 6 refs., 5 figs., 5 tabs.

Report on a project to support promotion of forming an environmentally friendly energy community. Survey on an environmentally friendly community business by means of high-efficiency wastes power generation system in the Toyota-Kamo wide area; Kankyo chowagata energy community keisei sokushin hojo jigyo chosa hokokusho. Toyota Kamo koikiken kokoritsu haikibutsu hatsuden kankyo chowagata energy community jigyo chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Taking the Toyota-Kamo wide area as the object, wastes power generation is positioned over the society system as worked on by administrations and operators integrally to incinerate mixedly those incineratable materials such as plastics among general and industrial combustible wastes for high-efficiency generation of power, which is supplied to electric utility operators as surplus power. Discussions were given on the business feasibility and the effectiveness as a society system. In this area, the mixed model B plan (dealing with general wastes plus industrial wastes) was evaluated as an effective plan as the society system. This is because the plan has effect to incinerate, melt and generate power from industrial wastes which have been used for land-fill, effect of improving the power generation efficiency, and effectiveness of mixed treatment with general wastes. The plan A in which general wastes are made into RDF, then incinerated mixedly with industrial wastes for power generation was evaluated to have high reliability potential of power supply and to be an effective plan as a society system, if effect can be expected to reduce transportation energy as a result of making the system large enough and turning wastes into RDF. (NEDO)

Report of the researcher exchange promotion project on the environmental issues in the Asia-Pacific region; Asia/Taiheiyo chiiki kankyo mondai kenkyusha koryu sokushin jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

Proposals have been made for the establishment of a network (ETERNET-APR) linking those involved in the research and development of environmental technology in the Asia-Pacific region in order to limit the environmental impact of industrial activity. By pursuing active exchanges of information and personnel, researchers in environmental technology in the Asia-Pacific region have been making serious efforts to establish such a network. This fiscal year, the Internet Web site of the ETERNET-APR has been created using the data collected to date. This database includes information on some 350 researchers and 200 research projects from seven countries. The first international symposium was successfully held at Environmental Research Institute of Chulalongkorn University in Thailand (ERIC), hosting 200 environmental researchers from 10 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Tripartite sister laboratories ties among the National Institute for Resources and Environment (NIRE) and three Korean laboratories were forged. The sister laboratory project between ICETT and ERIC is also proving effective. These successes prove that intraregional joint research, the objective of ETERNET-APR, has begun to take shape in this year

Takane new energy vision. Creation of life environment with affluence using natural energies; Takane shin energy vision. Shizen energy wo ikashita yutakana seikatsu kankyo no sozo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

A new energy vision was established that discusses how the way the new energy introduction consistent with district characteristics should be, and has at the same time the leadership and specificity. Takane Town in Yamanashi Prefecture is a town located in the south skirt of Mt. Yatsugatake, having a population of about 9400 and households of about 3200. The town consumes energies converted into petroleum of about 19,000 kL/year. The activity achievements were put into order by the following five items: 1) what is the new energy vision?, 2) district characteristics, 3) the basic plan, 4) plans placed with emphasis, and 5) promotion of the vision. Item 4 includes introduction of new energies into the welfare, education and cultural facilities, utilization of bio-mass energy using livestock resources, introduction of new energies into the Hananomori Park at South Yatsugatake, introduction of clean energy fueled automobiles, and small hydropower generation utilizing clean streams in the Kiyosato area, introduction of new energies into the Kiyosato Station square, introduction of next generation agriculture utilizing new energies, and communications with nature and ecology of Takane Town. (NEDO)

Assessment of global environmental impacts by utilizing methodology of LCA on solar water heater for dwellings; LCA shuho ni yoru taiyonetsu onsuiki no kankyo fuka hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kamoshida, J [Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo (Japan); Asai, S [Yazaki Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-11-25

CO2 emission was quantified through the life cycle of a solar water heater to assess its environment impact. Although LCA (life cycle assessment) originally sums up I/O of all materials and energy through the whole life cycle of a product to examine environment impact, this assessment was carried out for only CO2. Calculation of CO2 emission assumed a natural circulating solar water heater of 200 l in effective hot water capacity, 2.78m{sup 2} in effective collecting area, and 0.5 in average annual collecting efficiency of total solar radiation, and an auxiliary city gas heat source for compensating insufficient heat quantity. The total CO2 emission in the life cycle of a solar water heater was obtained from an industrial association table assuming the life cycles of 10 and 20 years. CO2 emission was estimated to be 5407.1kg-CO2 and 10665.2kg-CO2 for 10 and 20 years, respectively. CO2 emission due to city gas was largest in the total CO2 emission in the life cycle. As a result, for reduction of CO2 emission due to a solar water heater, improvement of equipment efficiency was most important. 6 refs., 5 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 2000 report on result of project for promoting exchange of international environmental technology information; 2000 nendo kankyo gijutsu kokusai joho koryu sokushin jigyo seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With the purpose of sharing environmental technology information of the APEC countries, the homepage structuring was commenced linking and systematizing the home pages owned by governments, institutions, enterprises, etc., as the APEC Virtual Center (APEC-VC) project, with the fiscal 2000 results reported. In creating the homepage contents, in order to disseminate more useful information for the developing countries, 'Environmental Technology Cooperation for Developing Countries' as the original contents was prepared. In building a search engine, for the purpose of improving convenience for website users of the Virtual Center, APEC VC Japan created a retrieval system on the site. In overseas investigation, the researchers visited local plants to grasp problems and the needs by enterprises and organizations on water-pollution, waste treatment and the like, with the purpose of reflecting the investigation result in the website. In addition, the researchers visited APEC VC coordinators and/or contact points to exchange opinions with the view of expanding the network. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 report on result of project for promoting exchange of international environmental technology information; 2000 nendo kankyo gijutsu kokusai joho koryu sokushin jigyo seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With the purpose of sharing environmental technology information of the APEC countries, the homepage structuring was commenced linking and systematizing the home pages owned by governments, institutions, enterprises, etc., as the APEC Virtual Center (APEC-VC) project, with the fiscal 2000 results reported. In creating the homepage contents, in order to disseminate more useful information for the developing countries, 'Environmental Technology Cooperation for Developing Countries' as the original contents was prepared. In building a search engine, for the purpose of improving convenience for website users of the Virtual Center, APEC VC Japan created a retrieval system on the site. In overseas investigation, the researchers visited local plants to grasp problems and the needs by enterprises and organizations on water-pollution, waste treatment and the like, with the purpose of reflecting the investigation result in the website. In addition, the researchers visited APEC VC coordinators and/or contact points to exchange opinions with the view of expanding the network. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 in developing environment corresponding universal controller (Individual report edition); 1998 nendo kankyo taio universal controller no kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Kobetsu hokokuhen

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-05-01

Research and development has been performed on an 'environment corresponding universal controller (UC)' that realizes 'easiness of use and energy conservation' in correspondence with household electric appliances. This paper summarizes the reports by themes. The summarized development themes include: 'development of a bi-directional controller and TV interface', 'development of a bi-directional remote controller, an infrared ray to radio converter, and an air conditioner corresponding to the bi-directional remote controller', 'development of a UC corresponding air conditioner, and electric power cable transporting gateway', 'development of a universal controller and a control box', and 'development of an energy saving wiring system for the UC remote controller'. This paper also summarizes the works done by research participating departments of each corporation, such as development of UC corresponding video and TV sets (Sanyo Electric), development of UC corresponding TV sets (Toshiba), development of a UC corresponding DVD player (Japan Victor and Victor Techno-brain), and development of a UC relay box and a control box for the existing HA system (PANA R and D). (NEDO)

Response to resolve environmental problems caused from power stations. Reuse engineering of waste water; Hatsudensho kankyo mondai kaiketsu e mukete no torikumi. Haisui no sairiyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hayashida, T. [Hitachi Plant Engineering and Construction Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan); Hatta, T. [Kurita Water Industries Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-15

This paper introduces the electrodialysis method, the reverse osmosis method, and the evaporation system for reutilization of waste water in non-collection lines in power plants. In the electrodialysis method, waste water which has been divided and fed conventionally into a desalination chamber and a concentration chamber is supplied into the desalination chamber in the whole quantity to improve the recovery efficiency. A process of supplying sea water into the concentration chamber has made prevention of scaling possible. A small testing machine of high recovery electrodialysis system utilizing sea water was installed in an exclusively coal burning thermal power plant. A 3200-hour verification test has been performed, and its high treatment performance was verified. General waste water in thermal power plants is a waste water relatively less contaminated, which can be desalinated by using the reverse osmosis method to recover usable water at a low cost. However, the recovery rate decreases if salt concentration in the waste water is high. In contrast, the evaporation method can maintain the recovery rate at 90% or higher for salt concentration in the subject waste water of up to 20 g/l. Power plants in the United States built in inland areas use the evaporation method because of difficulty in obtaining sufficient amount of water. 6 refs., 22 figs., 7 tabs.

1998 Annual Study Report. New industry supporting type international standard development program (Comprehensive survey); 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo (sogo chosa)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Summarized herein are results of the survey on a total of 13 themes for international standardization. These themes are for standardization of (1) color control, (2) securing interoperability between optical disk systems, (3) digital image processing for home digital electronic appliances, (4) securing interconnectability between home electronic information appliances, (5) production process systems, (6) testing and evaluation methods for fine ceramic materials for communications, (7) evaluation methods for high-temperature properties of new glass melts, (8) corrosion testing and evaluation methods for surface-treated steel plates, (9) testing and evaluation methods for high-purity titanium, (10) testing and evaluation methods for plastic optical fibers, (11) evaluation methods for high-strength, large-size steel pipe characteristics for superhigh-pressure natural gas pipelines, (12) methods for measuring mileage of hybrid electric vehicles, and (13) methods for determining recycle ratios of automobile components. This comprehensive survey also includes overseas trends for the standardization, establishment/expansion of the international standardization processes, and standardization for determining recycle ratios of home electric appliances. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 technical survey report. Basic survey of prioritized fields in South Asia (Bangladesh); 1999 nendo Minami Asia chiiki (Bangradesh) energy tashohi sangyo kiso chosa jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For working out and proposing project themes optimum for the popularization of technologies for effectively utilizing energy in Bangladesh, a basic survey was conducted into Bangladeshi energy policy, trend of supply and demand, steelmaking industry, cement making industry, and chemical fertilizer making industry. Bangladesh in fiscal 1997 consumed 10-million tons of energy in terms of oil, 60% or more in natural gas (domestic), 20% in oil, and the remaining 20% in others. Approximately 15% of all the households were supplied with electric power. There was no integrated production plant in the steelmaking industry. Only one mill performed calcination in the cement making industry. The impact to be imposed by the steelmaking and cement making industries on Bangladeshi energy consumption would be small. Fertilizer making was an important industry outputting 2.6-million tons, responsible for 30% of natural gas consumption. The highest priority was given to facility rehabilitation and production enhancement, and there was little hope that energy conservation facilities/technologies would be introduced into the steelmaking and fertilizer making industries. It was possible, however, that the horizontal tube mill would be replaced by a vertical roller mill in the cement making industry. (NEDO)

Special number issued in commemoration of 10th anniversary of NEDO's industrial technology research and development department; NEDO sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu bumon 10 shunenshi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-09-01

This special number is issued in commemoration of 10th anniversary of NEDO's industrial technology research and development department, to look back its R and D activity results and help the future projects. This department was established in 1988, based on the Law of Establishment of the Industrial Technology Research and Development System, and started its activities as the central institute for positively promoting the R and D of the industrial technologies, centered by the basic and advanced areas, while in closely cooperation with oversea institutes. During this period, the department has been pursuing various projects, including large-scale industrial technology R and D projects transferred from the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology; R and D projects for technologies for the industrial bases of the next generation and medical/welfare equipment technologies; projects for assistance to international cooperative research teams; projects for establishing facilities as research bases necessary for promoting R and D of advanced industrial technologies; and, more recently, projects for establishing measures to cope with global environmental problems. NEDO has been playing a role of managing and controlling various large-size R and D projects, both in name and reality, taking over the projects which had been promoted by the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology. This special number outlines the R and D projects NEDO has pursued in the past 10 years. (NEDO)

Investigations in relation with prevention of global warming in fiscal 2000. Structuring of strategies related to emission trading; 2000 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi kanren chosa hokokusho. Haishutsuryo torihiki ni kakawaru senryaku kochiku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Investigations in relation with the greenhouse effect gas emission trading system have been performed on introduction and discussion of the system in major countries in order to discuss basically the emission trading system in Japan. The EU has been advancing the discussion with the introduction thereof to start in 2005 kept in mind, whereas the points of issue for the system designing include the followings: what roles should be taken by the EU and membership countries, consistency between the membership countries with regard to the participating organizations, and the scheme for initial allocation. In Denmark, the emission trading system has been introduced in January 2001 between the electric power companies. The objects of the allocation are only the eight power generation companies, making the management of emission right retaining quantities by the government simple. The United Kingdom has a schedule of introducing the emission trading system in April 2001, but the trading itself will start in 2002. Management of the trading scheme, and acceptability of banking after 2008 are the main points of issue. In the fundamental discussions on designing the emission trading system in Japan, discussion items were extracted, and the points of issue were put into order. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for new industry creation type industrial science technologies. R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems (Development of technologies for rational use of energy); 2000 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu (energy shiyo gorika gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the R and D project for development of intellectual materials and structural systems, as part of development of technologies for rational use of energy. The program for development of health monitoring technologies produces the bright prospects for commercialization of the fine FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensor which can be embedded in a CFRP prepreg, and establishes the crack detecting method. The program for development of smart manufacturing technologies describes the dielectric constant sensor capable of monitoring the curing process, detection of the cured conditions by the optical fiber sensor, and development of the performs by RTM (Resin Transfer Molding). The program for technological development of the active-adaptive structures conducts the vibration- and noise-controlling tests for the small-size structural elements, confirming that the damping coefficient is improved by at least 20% and acoustic power is reduced by at least 30%. The program for developing the actuator materials and elements improves the piezoelectric characteristics of the PZT-based materials by hybrid sintering, and develops the actuators of high-durability FGM (Function-Gradient Materials). It also develops the foil- and belt-shaped shape memory alloys by arc-aided dissolution and rapid solidification of Ti-Ni-Cu-based alloys. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report on the R and D on industrial science and technology for creating new industries. R and D on intelligent material and structure systems (Development of practical technology for rational use of energy); 1998 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu (energy shiyo gorika kankei gijutsu jitsuyoka kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

As a part of development of intelligent material/structure systems, study was made on practical technology for rational use of energy. For resource saving and energy saving (smartening) for large and complex machines and structure systems, light-weight long-life materials/structures are indispensable. Study was thus made on the basic technology of material/structure systems equipped with realtime defect detection function, structural integrity diagnosis function and control function of noise and vibration through information processing and control by integrating composite material/structure and fiber or film sensor material/device. For development of smartening technology, sensing technology was studied to detect the interior structure of composite material/structure compacts. The basic fabrication technology of ceramic actuator materials/devices, and shape memory alloy system actuators were put into development. Smooth connection and cooperation among groups were promoted through the technical committee and research on domestic and overseas trends for forming common knowledge. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Genshi bunshi kyokugen sosa gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (genshi bunshi kyokugen sosa gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (atom technology). The R and D aims at establishment of observation/manipulation technology of atoms and molecules as common basic technology in various industrial fields such as new material, electronics, bio-technology and chemistry. The R and D thus aims at establishment of observation/manipulation of solid surfaces and DNA organic molecules, formation of fine structures of atomic surface arrangement, and calculation/ simulation for predicting a reaction theorem of atom and molecule surfaces. In fiscal 1997, research was made on improvement and development of computer simulation environment, and description of an excited state of electrons by Green function. Establishment of a construction method and computation code is under investigation for pseudo- potential dependent on excitation energy. Survey was made on research trends of the atom technology by visiting overseas academic societies and institutions. International Symposium on Atom Technology was also held in Tokyo in Nov. 1997

FY 1997 R/D project of industrial and scientific technologies contracted with NEDO. Report on technology development of utilization of biological resources such as bioconsortia (development of analytical techniques of bioconsortia); 1997 nendo sangyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Fukugo seibutsukei nado seibutsu shigen riyo gijutsu kaihatsu (fukugo seibutsukei kaiseki gijutsu no kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Bioconsortia are microbial composites composing of more than two kinds of microorganisms with special functions. To utilize their advanced functions, some techniques have been developed for analyzing their functions and interactions, and for identification, separation and incubation of the constituent microbial groups. In FY 1997, an investigation was made on technology trends, domestic researchers, and research topics related to bioconsortia. To manage and promote the progress of research at the National Institute of Bioscience and Human-Technology where the centralized management of this project is conducted, meetings are held once a month to examine the progress at the institute, in which reports are made and discussions are held on how each research item is progressing. In addition, meetings of the committee to promote research are held every other month to consider and examine measures required for promoting the research. Re-entrustment of research has been made on two subjects, i.e., `Studies on biological significance of symbiotic microorganisms` by Prof. Ishikawa of the University of Tokyo, and `Study on the relationship between the biosynthesis of useful terpenic materials of plant origin and the differentiation of plant tissues, and their effective production by plant cell cultures` by Prof. Inoue of Gifu Pharmaceutical University. 27 refs., 13 figs., 1 tab.

Research report for fiscal 1998. Research for 'New Earth 21' project implementation program preparation; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. 'Chikyu saisei keikaku' no jisshi keikaku sakusei ni kansuru chosa jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the establishment of a CO2 measures introduction scenario which the world would accept, the latest information was collected, the DNE21 (Dynamic New Earth 21) model was improved, and simulation was reviewed. In fiscal 1998, simulation was performed for each district using an LDNE21 (Linear Dynamic New Earth 21) model, and an energy flow chart, energy balance table, and trade table were prepared and subjected to detailed deliberation. Studied were also conducted about the changes to occur in methanol production when the natural gas reserves and plant cost data were given different values. In the DNE21 model, the 'macro economy model' and 'warming damage function' were integrated, and simulation was performed for verification. Using a standard model compatible with COP3 (Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change), comparison was made between a case in which different CO2 emission constraints were imposed on the advanced area and developing area separately and a case in which one and the same constraint was imposed on the world as a whole, and calculations were made about CDM (Clean Development Mechanism). (NEDO)

FY 2000 Report on the results of survey on recent situations of global warming mitigation measures related to alternative fluorochlorohydrocarbons; 2000 nendo daitai furon no chikyu ondanka taisaku doko ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The recent situations of global warming mitigation measures related to flurine-containing greenhouse gases of HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} are surveyed. In the meeting of the Parties of Montreal Protocol of 2000, no decision has been made on HCFC phaseout schedule amendment in the developed and developing countries, which is one of the major items. COP-6 has failed to reach agreement on handling CO2 absorption sources. For the international trends in estimation of the emissions of HFC and others, the IPCC's emission estimation methodology guidance for HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} (translated into Japanese) and the methodologies taken by other countries are introduced. The trends of the emission control measures for HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} include CO2 refrigerant application for mobile air-conditioners, announcement by Coca-Cola of HFC phaseout by 2004, announcement by the Canadian refrigerant air-conditioner industry of introduction of the surcharge system for promoting refrigerant recovery, and SF{sub 6} emission reduction technologies in Mg fabricating industries. Also introduced are cost evaluation of emission reduction technologies, latest scientific knowledge in the global environments, and harmonization of global warming mitigation and ozone layer protection in the developing countries, among others. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Study project concerning preparation for implementation plan of 'the new earth program'; 1999 nendo 'chikyu saisei keikaku' no jisshi keikaku sakusei ni kansuru chosa jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper reports fiscal 1999 survey of the new earth program. Toward the target of GHG (green house effect gasses) 550 ppm, sensitivity analysis using a linear DNE21 model was replenished, with model analyses made on a scenario concerning the countermeasure technologies/systems. In other words, performed were the improvement of accuracy by the renewal of data, sensitivity analysis concerning CO2 collection/processing technology and nuclear energy, analysis of the international regulation for controlling CO2 concentration under 550 ppm in the air in the year 2100, and sensitivity analysis on increase in per capita energy demand in Asia. Overall assessment of global warming problems was upgraded for the purpose of enabling the assessment from the consumption maximization point of view, taking into consideration cooling effects of SOx and economic growth. Potentiality assessment in rational use of energy was reexamined because energy conservation played an important role. That is, in DNE model, the data were examined of OECD signatories and developing countries from 1970s concerning natural gas, petroleum, coal and electric power, with the long-term cost flexible value estimated. In addition, feasibility was assessed of rational use of energy from energy GNP unit. (NEDO)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999. Analysis of English literatures related to unified evaluation models for global warming; 1999 nendo chikyu ondanka togo hyoka model kanren eibun shiryo no bunseki choa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper summarizes the basic materials related to unified evaluation models for global warming. The unified evaluation is a disciplinary process to combine, interpret and share the information from different scientific disciplinary areas in such a form that the whole cause and effect chain can be evaluated from a macroscopic view. The process has higher utilization value than the evaluation overemphasizing a single academic area, and can provide decision makers with useful information. The process is suitable to model complex interactions and feedback mechanisms in diversified scenes such as climate change. The unified evaluation can identify the policy criteria along with a measure framework having consistency. The evaluation process is repetitive and continuous, wherein a science community can convey comprehensive knowledge and finding to a decision making community. In turn, the decision making side can feed back the experiences and achievements in learning. Execution of the evaluation requires different approaches, such as judgement of specialists including the modeling methods and experience, discovery as a result of applying the policies, and survey methods. The paper also describes the gaming conception, scenario analysis, and unification evaluation methods. (NEDO)

Report on surveys and researches to excavate international joint researches related to industrial technologies; Sangyo gijutsu ni kansuru kokusai kyodo kenkyu hakkutsu no tame no chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Five themes were taken up for a project of the 'surveys and researches to excavate international joint researches related to industrial technologies'. Investigation groups were organized and dispatched for each theme toperform domestic and overseas surveys. Discussions were given on eachtheme for the possibilities of structuring international joint researches. The five themes are as follows: 'wearable information network related technologies', wherein technologies to micronize information devices have been advanced rapidly, and the technologies are entering the age from personalizing and mobilizing the information into the wearable computing; this theme is intended to develop systems to unify these technologies by means of international joint researches: 'surveys on using unutilized animal oils and fats as chemical raw materials', which are intended to make clear possibilities and problems in utilizing animal oils and fats as raw materials for the chemical industry that can substitute fossil resources: 'international joint researches on new glasses' and 'processes to manufacture semiconductors using glassy carbon' to develop glassy carbon having excellent chemical resistance substituting quartz: and 'international joint researches on the Russian project which places environment and energy in its center'. (NEDO)

Research, development, and evaluation of basic technologies for next-generation industries. Technologies of mass culture of cells; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka. Saibo tairyo baiyo gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1990-03-01

The project aims to establish basic technologies for the mass culture of cells by utilizing the features of animal cells, which will enable a large, stable supply of fine chemicals such as highly functional physiologically active proteins whose industrial production the conventional technique of synthesis fails to realize. For this purpose, efforts are exerted to select cells which are capable of producing target substances, to breed highly productive strains, to develop a serumless medium that satisfies demands for an all-purpose feature and heat sterilization, and to develop technologies of high-density culture and effective refining, etc. Some DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) recombination technologies are also resorted to. As the result, a high-density culture of 2 times 10{sup 8} cells/ml has become available. Production is now feasible of various differentiation-inducing elements such as monoclonal antibodies with anti-HB virus activity, DIF, etc. Furthermore, cooperation with the Tsukuba University leads to the discovery of a novel vasopressor peptide (endothelin). The heat sterilization accepting serumless medium, which is put to practical use as the first of the kind in the world under this research and development project, contributes to the advancement of basic studies about cell biology. (NEDO)

Survey of the trend of technical development and industrial policies in Asian countries; Asia shokoku ni okeru gijutsu kaihatsu no doko to sangyo gijutsu seisaku ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

A sharp rise in industrial productivity in Asia countries indicates a rising level of R and D technology. Since Japan has not clearly grasped the R and D ability in these countries, it has not given appropriate personnel/material R and D support to them. Therefore, for the purpose of exactly grasping the R and D ability of Asian countries (Korea, Taiwan, the Philippines, Indonesia and India) and studying an effective and appropriate method for R and D cooperation, a survey was conducted of R and D potentials in Asia and R and D support policies of the countries. As a result of the survey, the following are taken up as items to be considered: promotion of exchanges between Tsukuba, etc. in Japan and research/university towns and science parks being constructed in lots of countries, participation of private companies in high-tech joint work in cooperation with Japan, sending information from Japan using internet, etc. and exact grasp of needs at partner side, cooperation given to new comers without asking for research results (use of OB researchers, etc.) 25 refs., 39 figs., 59 tabs.

Report on investigation in fiscal 2000 of exchange of industries with foreign countries and human resource training; 2000 nendo kaigai kara no sangyo koryu jinzai ikusei chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

With an objective to strengthen the function to assess new business strategies for ventures and small business entities in the industry supporting organizations in Miyagi Prefecture, experts were invited from the United States to provide educations and lectures. Twenty-seven persons participated in a three-day seminar managed by three experts at the Port of Technology in Pennsylvania. The course was covered the following three fields: 1) the basic theoretical course, 2) workshops, and 3) the summary and utilization of the screening guide. In Item 1), the course were consisted of the following 12 items: the purpose of the seminar, necessity of entrepreneurs, mentors, business plans, summary of the plans, markets, market selection, the summary of technological and financial managements, sources of capital procurement, and capital procurement opportunities. In Item 2), a group of three to four persons assessed the business strategies of existing corporations based on the 'venture business examination criteria' given by the instructors. In Item 3), the course were consisted of the following six items: management teams, markets, the status of competition, technological assessment, marketing strategies, and financial conditions. (NEDO)

Report on surveys in fiscal 1999 on research and development of the environment harmonizing catalyst technology; 1999 nendo kankyo chowagata shokubai gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper reports the surveys in fiscal 1999 on research and development of the environment harmonizing catalyst technology. The discussion subjects taken up included suppression of discharge of carbon dioxide, catalysts used when manufacturing hydrogen and technology thereof, and environment purifying catalysts to decompose harmful substances, and technology thereof. The roles of catalysts and their technologies are expected in reducing the reforming temperatures, achieving energy saving, and reducing decomposition energy. Furthermore, the catalysts are expected of high activity, long life and low cost. Three themes were selected from the emergency and importance points of view. The themes are, in the consumer field, research and development of efficiency improvement in membrane reactors for reforming low-grade hydrocarbons to structure a technology to manufacture hydrogen for small-size portable fuel cells; and in the industrial field, development of hydrogen and carbon product manufacturing technologies with which CO2 generation is suppressed by means of the catalytic decomposition process. In practice, for such discharged harmful substances as dioxins, PCB and volatile organic compounds (VOC), treating them is the urgent environmental problem, and therefore, the fundamental research was taken up for practical application of the second-generation catalysts of the ultra-violet light and visible light responding type. (NEDO)

1998 research cooperation project. Research cooperation on environment-compatible type water resource effective-utilization system; 1998 nendo kankyo taiogata mizushigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

For the purpose of securing water stably and preventing water pollution in the Philippines, R and D were carried out on a wastewater treatment and water reclamation and reuse system which is easy to operate and maintain and low in cost through the research cooperation between the Philippine Industrial Technology Development Institute and Japan. According to the survey result of statistical data concerning water pollution load structure by industrial wastewater classified by the industry in the Philippines, enumerated are the food manufacturing industry, paper pulp manufacturing industry, and the textile dyeing industry as those greatly affecting water pollution in BOD exhaust and wastewater, etc. Consequently, with Ram Food Product Co. of vegetable processing and Solid Mill Co., of textile dyeing as plants to be studied, a wastewater treatment test was performed in a laboratory scale. From the result of the test, the pilot plant was basically designed to have 'anaerobic + aerobic treatment + tertiary treatment' for the treatment process, with an one-tank type UASB method used as the anaerobic treatment, with a sand filtration + activated charcoal treatment as the tertiary treatment, and with the cost effectiveness for water reuse set to be examined. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1993 study of engineering for making areas prosperous using natural energy; 1993 nendo kankyo chowagata green techno system no kokusai kyoryoku model ni kansuru chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1994-03-01

The paper studied the engineering for activating areas using natural energy. A system has started in which electric power companies purchase surplus electric power from the natural energy use power generation such as the wind power and photovoltaic power generation, etc., and a lot of local self-governing bodies in the country plan `projects to promote town` using the system. However, few engineers and makers can plan `a project to promote town,` making effective use of natural energy which is fickle. Therefore, first, the paper arranged the actual status mostly of the cases of `the projects` using natural energy which have been carried out in the country. Next, the trend of the natural energy utilization technology in countries including the U.S. was described. Moreover, assuming model areas in Japan for working out a concept of model projects on the natural energy utilization and town promotion, a concept was proposed making full use of the utilization technology which has now usability. Arrangement is being made for conditions for the full scale spread as seen in the subsidy system for general users. 3 refs., 176 figs., 61 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report. Feasibility study on next-generation environment-friendly urban transport systems; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Jisedai kankyo kyosei toshi kotsu system donyu kanosei chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

This research arranges recent public transport system technologies such as LRT, and clarifies their technical issues to be overcome and developmental courses, and the improvement effect of their energy efficiency and CO{sub 2} reduction effect by such measures to contribute to development of next-generation public transport systems. The outlines and features of LRT, monorail/trolley bus and AGT as existing public transport systems are arranged. In the EU, development of tramways using rubber tires is in promotion. The concept of a next-generation environment- friendly urban transport system is prepared based on features of every public transport system. Since a trolley system causes traffic congestion and environment deterioration, introduction of an independent transport system with fuel cell is necessary in the future. The technical issues and solutions for construction of the next-generation transport systems are analyzed. Fuel cell and ITS are important candidates. Substitution of the next-generation transport system for existing buses showed a CO{sub 2} reduction effect of 3.91 Mton/y in Japan. (NEDO)

FY 1998 annual report on the fourth international forum on environmental catalysis (IFEC 99); Dai 4 kai kankyo shokubai kokusai forum (IFEC '99) 1998 nendo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The 4th international forum on environmental catalysis, held in January 1999 in Chemical Society of Japan's Hall, had a total attendees exceeding 170, including 10 foreign attendees invited. A total of 20 papers (including 10 by foreign attendees) were presented, discussing diversified problems; 3 keynote addresses regarding (to what extent environmental catalyst can contribute); and 5 for the session of catalysts for clean processes, 6 for the session of eco-friendly chemistry, and 8 for the session of environmental catalysts for air pollution. The lectures included (global environmental problems and environmental catalysts) by Prof. Segawa of Sophia University as the opening address; solid base catalysts by Prof. Ono of Tokyo Institute of Technology in the session of (catalysts for clean processes); activation of dioxygen by transition metal complexes-new approach to highly selective catalytic oxidation with molecular oxygen by Prof. Moro-oka of Tokyo Institute of Technology in the session of (Eco-friendly chemistry; and environmental catalysts-present and future as the comprehensive review by Prof. Misono of University of Tokyo in the session of (environmental catalysts for air pollution). (NEDO)

Research report of fiscal 1997. Survey on strategies of export of environment technology in overseas countries; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Shogaikoku no kankyo gijutsu yushutsu senryaku chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For active environment technology export to OECD countries, needs for environmental measures in developing countries were surveyed. Both collection of environment technology needs in developing countries and preparation of technology seeds information of Japanese enterprises, and promotion of environmental projects by adding an information dispatch function are important. Active preparation and exchange of experiences and know-how of concerned enterprises, local governments and national organizations are also necessary. For development and possible export of small- and medium-sized ventures with excellent technologies and know-how, a suitable consulting system is essential for risks. For smooth promotion of warming prevention by international cooperation, active development of monitoring technology is also important. To support developing countries, OJT of persons in charge in technology transfer sites, and preparation of information infrastructure are necessary. Japan with much know-how on environmental preservation should positively participate in international standardization activities such as ISO. 10 refs., 14 figs., 56 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 survey report. Survey on method of environmental-impact assessment in wind power development; 1998 nendo furyoku kaihatsu ni okeru kankyo eikyo hyoka shuho chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

With the purpose of preparing the main points of 'environmental-impact assessment guidelines for wind power developments (draft)', examples of environmental-impact assessments, related laws and regulations in Japan and abroad were collected, and rearranged in respect to requirements in environmental-assessments, concrete procedures, survey/projection/assessment method, summarisation of results, etc. It was clarified, for example; in a large-scale wind power development, it can be dealt with by choosing items and contents on the assumption that a land area is developed; in a small-scale development, there is basically no need of considering the possible effect of the construction work; and, as far as noise, vibration and the ecosystem (plants/animals) are concerned, however, the characteristics of the site be taken into consideration. Objects for general assessment are noise, low-frequency air vibration, radio wave interference, the ecosystem (plants and animals) and the landscape. The guideline draft is constituted of (1) basic items, (2) overview of the area, (3) determination of items for environmental-impact assessment and (4) research, prediction, assessment, conservation measures and follow-up research; in the basic items, importance of preliminary consideration was emphasized, as were priority/simplification, implementation of environmental conservation measures, and implementation of follow-up research. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1999. System technology to create human life compatible living environment; 1999 nendo ningen kodo tekigogata seikatsu kankyo soshutsu system gijutsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The present research and development is intended to develop the following technology: a system technology to measure, understand and accumulate human activities, analyze objectively the compatibility of human being with products and environments, and support to have the products and working environments comply with activity characteristics of individual persons (a system technology to create human life compatible living environment). Human activities are developed in various scenes, and it is not easy to structure technologies to measure, understand and support the activities common to all of the scenes. Therefore, development will be made on the technologies for measuring, understanding and supporting the activities in the human activity scenes. Development of the manipulative activity complying technology deals with human activities in the scenes to operate devices by which the activities are changed by situation identification and skills in addition to activity characteristics of individual persons. Furthermore, as a scene in which attention to the activity characteristics of individual persons, skills, and external situation is a problem, the automobile driving activities are taken up for discussion, as well as the object building work activities as a scene in which difference in skills of individuals is a problem. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998. Development of Assessment Technology of Life Cycle Environment Impacts of Products; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Seihinnado lilfecycle kankyo eikyo hyoka gijutsu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

An inventory data collecting format is formulated, data collecting activities are launched through 23 industry associations and several investigatory agencies, and almost all the primary data are collected. All the inventory items are being rearranged into a convenient order, and efforts are under way to designate the association to be in charge and the method to be used for data collecting (the accumulation method, process model method). Problems about techniques in the veinous department are extracted. The flow of matters relating to various metals and glass after their use and the magnitude of their environmental impacts at the ultimate sites of treatment are understood though roughly. Investigations are conducted into typical formats overseas, a data arranging format is constructed, specifications are defined for a data inputting software program, and a request is placed with a dedicated dealer for the compilation of the said program. The architecture and specifications of an LCA (life cycle assessment) database system are determined, and its functions are undergoing an intermediate check by a research team for improvement. Endeavors are exerted at quantifying global warming, ozone layer depletion, biotoxicity, and photochemical oxidants for use as the basic data for damage evaluation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 survey report. Survey on method of environmental-impact assessment in wind power development; 1998 nendo furyoku kaihatsu ni okeru kankyo eikyo hyoka shuho chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

With the purpose of preparing the main points of 'environmental-impact assessment guidelines for wind power developments (draft)', examples of environmental-impact assessments, related laws and regulations in Japan and abroad were collected, and rearranged in respect to requirements in environmental-assessments, concrete procedures, survey/projection/assessment method, summarisation of results, etc. It was clarified, for example; in a large-scale wind power development, it can be dealt with by choosing items and contents on the assumption that a land area is developed; in a small-scale development, there is basically no need of considering the possible effect of the construction work; and, as far as noise, vibration and the ecosystem (plants/animals) are concerned, however, the characteristics of the site be taken into consideration. Objects for general assessment are noise, low-frequency air vibration, radio wave interference, the ecosystem (plants and animals) and the landscape. The guideline draft is constituted of (1) basic items, (2) overview of the area, (3) determination of items for environmental-impact assessment and (4) research, prediction, assessment, conservation measures and follow-up research; in the basic items, importance of preliminary consideration was emphasized, as were priority/simplification, implementation of environmental conservation measures, and implementation of follow-up research. (NEDO)

Chemistry for preserving the global environment. Part 5. Offensive odor; its present condition and control technique; Kankyo sozai no kagaku. 5. Akushu no genjo to taisaku gijutsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Saiki, Y.

1996-07-01

Offensive odor substances belongs to a quite different field from the perfume inspire of the same sense of smell, and is a substance forming a lot of troubles which is formed in intimate resident environments such as manufacturing factories of the chemicals, incineration and decomposition treatment process of living body relating substances, stock raising facilities, restaurants and others. A material called the offensive odor substance is generally in very low concentration in the atmosphere, most of which is ppm order in its detection limit. And, the offensive odor intensity is proportional to logarithm of its concentration. For example, even removing 99.9% of the offensive odor substance from its forming source, there is remained its difficult countermeasuring problem of no removing as its offensive odor. At present, the offensive odor is severely regulated by means of laws and acts, research on its relating field is active, and its relating publications have become plenty. In this paper, outline on recent state of the offensive odor and its measuring technique was summarized. 14 refs., 6 figs., 8 tabs.

FY 1998 annual report on the environmental technology working group. 19th R and D activity report; 1998 nendo kankyo gijutsu bunkakai. Dai 19 kai jigyo hokokukai

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-01

Summarized herein are the FY 1998 activities by the environmental technology working group, extracted from the 19th R and D activity report by NEDO. Mr. Mitsukawa, a NEDO's director, outlines the measures for diversifying environmental problems, prevention of global warming, waste disposal/recycling, and toxic chemical substances in the report entitled (Outlines of environmental technology development projects). The report entitled (Eco-cement production techniques for comprehensive utilization of urban type wastes (For efforts for construction of Ichihara eco-cement production facilities)) outlines characteristics of eco-cement production techniques, recyclability of eco-cement, and the facilities. The report entitled (Techniques for reutilization of plastics present in wastes as the blast furnace stocks) outlines the system, R and D project and commercialization, and vinyl chloride recycling system, to be developed by the financial support by NEDO. The other reports include (Development of universal controllers for coping with environmental problems) and (R and D of techniques of simplified dioxine analysis). (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the survey project on the environmentally friendly energy community, excluding mostly projects on electric power generation. Survey project on the environmentally friendly energy community in the Nagoya area; 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata energy community chosa jigyo 'shutoshite hatsuden jigyo ni kakawaru mono wo nozoku' chosa hokokusho. Nagoya chiiki ni okeru kankyo chowagata energy community chosa jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The paper studied the working-out of the basic plan on the RPF (refuse paper and plastic fuel) production business in the area mainly including Nagoya city and of the business profitability. RPF is a solid fuel made by grinding, mixing and pressurizing paper and plastics in appropriate sizes. Its shape and calorific value can be adjusted according to the needs. In the Nagoya area, the demand for RPF is more than the supply, and therefore a much larger amount of RPF is in need. In Phase 1, business was studied for paper and plastics in the container packing paper waste and business-derived general waste. As a result, the RPF production amount was 21,000 t/y, which is equivalent to the effect of reduction of the same amount of coal. As to the profitability, it was made clear that the business can be profitable if collecting 41,400 yen/ton as the re-commercialization cost. In Phase 2, the design of the facilities was made for the larger-sized commercialization by adding industrial waste plastics to the waste in Phase 1. (NEDO)

Research report of FY 1997 on the clean coal technology promotion project and region model survey. Measures for environmental load reduction: feasibility survey on the environmental load reduction-type utilization Energy Center (interim report); 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Clean coal technology suishin jigyo chiiki model chosa `kankyo fuka teigen taisaku: kankyo fuka teigengata sekitan riyo energy center feasibility chosa` chosa hokokusho (chukan hokoku)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The survey has given an eye to the coal that it can be easily burnt together with combustible waste and supplements unstable generation of waste. Thus, the establishment of the Energy Center at the place where infrastructure of coal will be arranged, a lot of combustible waste will be expected to generate and a considerable aniybt if energy will be used, has been planned, and this survey is intended to study the scale of Energy Center, its economy and the problems to be solved. In power plant project using RDF for above-mentioned local governments, the construction of power plant and the renewal time of the existing incinerator to RDF facility can be planned separately in this system. The power plant will be economically constructed and the amount of coal can be decreased in accordance with increased RDF to meet wide range of refuse treatment. In FY 1997, the actual situation of the waste treatment and the infrastructure of coal supply was surveyed, and selection of the place suitable for the Energy Center and its scale was studied. 69 figs., 50 tabs.

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999 for trends in policies on prevention of global warming by use of substitute fluorocarbons; 1999 nendo daitai furon no chikyu ondanka taisaku doko ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This paper summarizes mainly on HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6} the trends in the last one year in technologies and regulations that can make compatible the ozone layer protection and the global warming prevention. Activities of the HFC/PHC task force established jointly by TEAP and IPCC are very important in deciding the future positions of HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6}. This paper reports the status of activities taken during fiscal 1999. IPCC reviewed the method of calculating the quantity of greenhouse effect gas emission. The paper introduces from its draft the gist of calculating the discharge quantity of HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6}. Introduction is given from the HFC/PFC task force report the actual status of using coolants, foaming agents and aerosols using HFC, PFC and SF{sub 6}, and the trends of developing substitution technologies. The paper introduces a fluorocarbon destruction technology as an international trend in discharge suppression measures. The paper reports movements of COP-5 in fiscal 1999 for gases other than the three gases including HFC. Chlorobromo-methane was indicated as a new substance, and n-propyl-bromide was decided to continue with measurement of ozone destruction coefficient. (NEDO)

NEDO Forum 2001. Session on industrial technology development (Future of thing making and manufacturing/processing technologies); NEDO Forum 2001. Sangyo gijutsu kaihatsu session (monozukuri seisan kako gijutsu no mirai)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-09-20

The presentations made at the above-named session of the NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization) forum held in Tokyo on September 20, 2001, are collected in this report. In a lecture entitled 'History of thing making,' the roles played by the now-defunct National Testing Laboratory and Industrial Test and Research Center were described and strategy for future development was predicted. In a lecture entitled 'Thing making and international apprentices competition,' apprenticeship training in practice at Denso Systems Corporation was presented. In a lecture entitled 'Key technology in thing making: outlook of metal mold industry,' shift in Japanese manufacturers' paradigm and change in metal mold marketing were explained, and the importance of reaching for the first position in the world in some specific fields or of expanding the scope of work in the entire value chain was stressed. In a lecture entitled 'Digital meister project: Aiming at amalgamation of IT (information technology) and MT (manufacturing technology),' database construction in the manufacture of metal molds, introduction of knowledge management systems, and development of CAD/CAM/CAE (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing/computer-aided engineering) were discussed. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 research report on the research on earthquake disaster prevention technology for industrial machinery systems; 2000 nendo sangyo kikai system no boshin bosai gijutsu no chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Available technologies were extracted and technical problems were discussed in detail in connection with the above-named technology, and a technology development scenario was prepared. The study covered the subjects of an earthquake resistant disaster prevention system, ready for activation upon earthquake occurrence, with its structure designed to counter severe vibration; a real-time earthquake resistant disaster prevention system capable of ensuring system safety upon receiving earthquake occurrence information and of instantly collecting information on damage incurred; and an early restoration system to operate upon termination of earthquake. With the active utilization in mind of information technology now making a rapid progress, importance was stressed of a system under which earthquake information, disaster prevention networks, and information on the soil and geography would be linked to the database of the equipment involved. For research on the current state of earthquake disaster prevention technology, an on-site survey was conducted of the disaster prevention facilities now under construction in Hyogo Prefecture, and another survey was conducted of Shizuoka Prefecture's long-standing consideration of earthquake disaster prevention measures. Data were collected at the 5th Corporate Disaster Prevention Symposium held in San Jose, U.S. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 technical achievement report. Development project on international standards for developing new industry (Comprehensive research); 1999 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Sogo chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Research and development of 13 individual subjects whose achievements are expected to come into use on the international scale was started in fiscal 1998, to be completed in three years. Progress is reviewed for each of the subjects, and the findings are mentioned below. Research and development is progressing smoothly, specifications to be internationalized have been narrowed down, and it is now foreseen that the main points of the specifications to be presented will be successfully prepared. There are some subjects, however, about which it is difficult to specify to which technical committees they are to be submitted. Assistance, for instance supply of information, by technical committees involved is indispensable. The attitude toward international standardization taken by European and American business corporations visited for study by Japanese researchers is to be disseminated to Japanese business corporations since the information thus collected will help them. Although 75% of the 13 subjects have reached a level where they may be presented as specifications for international standardization, yet they need active support by organizations concerned and research of trends of internationalization-related institutions before they are actually accepted as international standards. (NEDO)

FY 1997 report on the study on creation of inorganic materials under micro-gravity environment; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (bisho juryoku kankyo riyo muki zairyo no sosei kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Study was made on creation of new functional inorganic materials under micro-gravity condition in an underground non-gravity experiment center to develop new production techniques of inorganic crystalline thin film, fine glass particle, anharmonic alloy, spherical semiconductor and surface modified semiconductor thin film. The micro-gravity observation result was analyzed numerically of interference fringes of Cu ion around an electrode during electrolysis. Experimental data relatively well agreed with computer simulation data. Prototype CdTe thin film was prepared by electrolysis. The size control condition of fine true spherical glass particles was clarified by micro-gravity evaporation/condensation of glass. Pb-Zn system alloys as an anharmonic alloy were prepared under micro-gravity condition, however, no compound of Pb and Zn was found. A production equipment of true spherical single-crystalline semiconductor by melting cubic Ge under micro-gravity condition, and basic data of heating condition were obtained. Surface modified semiconductor thin film was also obtained by micro-gravity laser annealing of SiGe prepared by plasma CVD. 23 refs., 65 figs., 6 tabs.

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Survey on environmental effects from photovoltaic power generation systems; 1998 nendo daikibo taiyoko hatsuden system no kankyo eikyo ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Different environmental effects may be assumed when large-size photovoltaic power generation systems are installed in vast unutilized lands including deserts. Knowledge having been acquired to date has been put into order on the following subjects as the pre-survey thereon: (1) environmental characteristics of desert areas, (2) discussions on environmental effects from (a) environmental assessment viewpoints, (b) contents of the environmental assessment, and (c) environmental assessment institutions, and (3) the survey policy. In discussing the environmental characteristics, it is revealed that desert areas are neither sterile nor unused, but pasturage and agriculture have been carried out in historical and traditional ways. In discussing the environmental effects, it was recognized that surveys on primary and secondary effects on the environmental are indispensable. With regard to the institutions, there are countries who have and have not the institutions even among the OECD member states. In addition, it was known that environments in the desert areas vary greatly according to the particular areas, whereas there are possibilities of installing the facilities because the effects of the facility locations on the environment are various. Therefore, it was decided to start from the case studies in locations of different types. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 achievement report. Environment-conscious industrial technology research and development project (Development of environmentally-friendly catalyst technology); 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata shokubai gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Research and development and basic studies were conducted about novel catalysts which would help reduce impact on global environments. The efforts involved the development of (1) photocatalysts and (2) selective oxidation catalysts. In domain (1), a silicon semiconductor was manufactured for an integrated hydrogen generation catalytic membrane/silicon semiconductor/oxygen generation membrane system as a hybrid multilayer photocatalyst, and a fundamental one-layer type was fabricated. As for a system using a compound semiconductor CIGS (Cu(InGa)Se{sub 2})/CdS membrane, a CIGS membrane was completed, and CdS was deposited in layers to support platinum and it was found that water was decomposed under visible light irradiation although the bias voltage load was slight. In domain (2), the methanol and formaldehyde formation rates greatly increased when some MgO powder was installed in the reaction space in the vapor phase selective oxidation of methane in the presence of a catalyst which was a very small amount of nitrogen dioxide. (NEDO)

New energy vision at Sabae City. Toward realization of 'environmental international city'; 2001 nendo Sabae shi chiiki shin energy vision. Kankyo kokusai toshi Sabae no jitsugen ni mukete

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

With an object of accelerating introduction of and uplifting consciousness on new energies at Sabae City in Fukui Prefecture, a new energy vision was put into order based on the result of the initial stage investigation having been performed in the previous fiscal year. Solar light and solar heat energies will be introduced positively into public facilities, and at the same time works will be implemented to accelerate the proliferation thereof into general households. The target of introduction by the year 2010y is set to 2,600 kW by photovoltaic power generation, and the introduction thereof is planned to schools, nursery schools, municipality operated houses, and unattended facilities. With regard to solar heat water warmer, the present proliferation rate of about 7.3% will be raised to 15%. Regarding wastes generated from industrial areas, efficient energy extraction by thermal recycling is intended on the assumption of suppression of wastes generation, their re-use, and recycling. Systems may include the bio-gas system, cogeneration, and recovery of energies from plastics wastes. For acceleration of proliferation of new energies in general, promotion of introduction will be achieved on mini-wind power generation, small hydroelectric power generation, and fuel cell automobiles. (NEDO)

Report for fiscal 1998. Joint research of environment-friendly system for effectively utilizing water resources; 1998 nendo hokokusho. Kankyo taiogata mizushigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

The research is conducted in cooperation with Industrial Technology Development Institute of the Philippines, and aims to solve water related problems such as unstable water supply and water quality pollution though developing a waste water treatment and recycling system which is easy to operate and maintain, low in cost, and usable in the Philippines. Fiscal 1998 is the second year of the project. Statistics are studied about the load that each industrial branch imposes on water for its pollution, and it is found that food manufacturers, paper pulp mills, and fiber dyeing plants are heavily responsible for water pollution. A method consisting of single-tower UASB anaerobic treatment and activated sludge treatment is applied as a water treatment process to Ram Food Products Corporation, and its optimization is studied. A removal rate 60% is achieved after a 12-hour treatment period at a COD (chemical oxygen demand) rate of 8g/liter/day. A method consisting of coagulating sedimentation and activated sludge treatment is applied to the waste water from a Solid Mill Corporation dyeing plant, when it is found that the water after ultimate treatment is almost colorless and that COD is 76mg/liter and BOD (biological oxygen demand) 13mg/liter, and these suggest that the waste water is recyclable. Since it is low in COD removing rate, the application of anaerobic treatment to high-concentration water after washing is not appropriate. (NEDO)

Research report. Environmentally friendly energy community research business for Fujieda district (Refuse energy utilization); Fujieda chiku kankyo chowagata energy community chosa jigyo (haikibutsu energy riyo shisetsu) chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

An environmentally friendly refuse energy utilizing business, for which RDF (refuse derived fuel) produced out of wastes discharged by industries belonging to a Fujieda city environmental protection council will provide the heat source, is proposed by the said council. The proposal is subjected to a study, a basic plan is drafted, and a decision is made on its profitability. In the study, surveys are conducted on the actualities of wastes and of demand for heat, and specifications are worked out relating to transportation and storage of RDF, production of steam by an RDF-fired boiler, routing of pipes for transmitting the steam to the industries in the district, facility costs, operating costs, etc. It is found that the amount of RDF produced out of the wastes discharged by the council member industries is so small that it can meet the demand of only one industry and that, even if more wastes are collected from a wider area, the increased amount will but meet the demand of two industries and a hot water pool. It is found that the system will be economically feasible, however, if the shortage of RDF-generated energy is covered by an oil-fired boiler and thereby impartiality is established in steam distribution and steam production unit price is reduced. In view of the intensification of control over dioxin, etc., the business will be gaining profit in 2002 and after. (NEDO)

Politics of water resources and environmental problem. US-Japan comparative policy history on the public district; Mizushigen kaihatsu to kankyo mondai. Public district no Nichibei hikaku seisakushi kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Mikuriya, T [Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1994-12-15

With an objective to give some suggestion to the water resources policies for the future Japan, a comparative study was made on the water resources development policies in Japan and the water resources policies in the state of California, U.S.A. The study on Japan has been proceeded empirically based on specific data with regard to the development of electric power policies from the prewar to postwar times when the governmental electric power control was changed to incorporation of the nine electric power companies. The change may be identified from viewpoints of both profit and ideology. Noticing the `public corporations` established one after another for social capitals before and after the establishment of the Liberal Democratic Party, their relation with the water resources development policies was pursued in terms of actual proof and political science. The identity of the public corporations established in and after 1955 stands on the premise of free economy, rather than the controlled economy. This paper positions the water resources development policies in a broader context as the national land plan, and considers the problems that are expanding from flood damages, dam construction, industrial complex construction to environmental problems around the water. Comparative discussions on the Tone river system and the Colorado river system were left as the future assignment.

Report on the results of research and development under a consignment from NEDO of glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies. Development of technologies to fix and effectively utilize carbon dioxide by applying glycoconjugates; 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Fukugo toshitsu seisan riyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (fukugo toshitsu oyo nisanka tanso koteika yuko riyo gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper reports research results in fiscal 1997 for the `research and development of glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies`. In synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies for glycoconjugates by means of chemical synthesis, studies were performed on developing methods to synthesize Gal {beta}1-3Gal NA(c {alpha})1-0-Serine in preparative scale, synthesizing high mannose type sugars of natural type without protection groups, and linking GlcNA or GalNAc onto partial peptide of fibroblast growth factor (FGF). In synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies for glycoconjugates by using biological methods, studies were carried out, with regard to glycoconjugate synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies utilizing animal cells, on identifying sugar structures of IFN-{gamma} produced from CHO cell line, and isolating CHO cell lines introduced with genes of sugar transferred enzyme GnTIV and/or GnTV. Furthermore, studies were conducted on glycoconjugate synthesizing, utilizing and remodeling technologies utilizing microorganisms, and glycoconjugate structure analyzing technologies. In addition, overall investigation was made on glycoconjugate production utilizing technologies. 113 refs., 76 figs., 18 tabs.

Industrial and scientific technology research and development project in fiscal 1997 commissioned by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization. Research and development of superconducting materials and transistors (report on overall investigation of superconductive devices); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Chodendo zairyo chodendo soshi no kenkyu kaihatsu (chodendo soshika gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper describes development of superconducting new function transistors. Fiscal 1997 as the final year of the project advanced improvement in such transistor-using processes as formation and micro-processing of superconducting thin films to show enhancement in characteristics of high-temperature superconducting transistors and possibility of their application utilizing their high speed motions. Furthermore, fundamental technologies were studied with an aim on junction transistors to be applied as circuits. For field effect transistors, evaluation was performed on critical current distribution of step-type particle boundary junction to make it possible to evaluate characteristics of hundreds of transistors. At the same time, a magnetic flux quantum parametron gate with three-layer structure was fabricated to identify its operation. In superconducting-base transistors, strong reflection was recognized on temperature dependence of permittivity of an Nb-doped strontium titanate substrate used for collectors, by which barrier height was reduced. In the junction transistor and circuit technology, isotropic ramp-edge junctions were fabricated, and so was a frequency divider circuit with single magnetic flux quantum mode operation for evaluating high-speed response characteristics. High time resolution current was observed successfully by using a high-temperature superconducting sampler system. 148 refs., 127 figs., 4 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the research and development project for new industry creation type industrial science technologies. R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems (R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems); 2000 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu (chiteki kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the R and D project for development of intellectual materials and structural systems, where the fibrous or leafy sensor material or element (muscle) is integrated with a structure of an advanced material (skeleton) to process and control information (brain). The program for development of the health monitoring technologies successfully improves the fine FRG (Fiber Bragg Grating) as the high-performance sensor, equipped with a connector which allows the sensor to be easily connected to the normal diameter one, and develops various prototype sensors. The program for self-diagnosis of structural soundness and controlling damages verifies detection effectiveness of the embedded fine FRG sensor. The impact-related characteristics and damages of the reinforced flat plate are detected by embedding the optical fiber sensor. The program for developing the actuator materials and elements prepares the 20{mu}m thick piezoelectric sheet of adequate strength and toughness by dispersing the PNN-PZT system with partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ). The program for the function-gradient systems prepares the FGM driven at normal temperature, characterized by its structure of more evenly distributed stress, to evaluate its characteristics. It is proved to have high durability. The results of the comprehensive survey are also described. (NEDO)

FY 1999 report on the results of the research and development project for new industry creation type industrial science technologies. R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems (R and D of the intellectual material and structural systems); 1999 nendo shinki sangyo soshutsugata sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu (chiteki zairyo kozo system no kenkyu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 1999 results of the R and D project for development of intellectual materials and structural systems, where the fibrous or leafy sensor material or element (muscle) is integrated with a structure of an advanced material (skeleton) to process and control information (brain). The program for development of the health monitoring technologies develops the fine optical fiber (diameter: 40{mu}m), which is on a level with the conventional 125{mu}m-diameter fiber in strength and fatigue characteristics, for the high-performance sensor systems. The self-diagnosis of soundness, e.g., detection of impact loads and damages, is attempted using the fine optical fibers embedded in the composite structures. The program for active-adaptive control of smart structures investigates control of vibration and noise for beam structure elements, using the theoretical model developed for shape memory alloys. The vibration tests are conducted, where a distribution type sensor is used for active-adaptive control of soft structures, and the good results are produced. The program for development of actuator materials and elements produces high-strength, high-toughness PZT and PNN-PZT sheets of uniformly distributed thickness by the doctor blade method. (NEDO).

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of silicon-based polymeric materials (development of liquid methane fueled aircraft engine); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo / Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Keisokei kobunshi zairyo no kenkyu kaihatsu (methane nenryo kokukiyo engine kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This R and D aims at establishing the basic technology on the molecular design, synthesis, use as materials, and evaluation of silicon-based polymers, of which excellent electronic/optical functions, high heat-resistance/combustion-resistance/dynamic characteristic are expected. The paper introduced the results of the fiscal 1997 R and D of them. The themes are as follows: technology of synthesis of silicon-based polymeric materials with sea-island microstructures, interstitial type structure forming technology, composite materials with organometallic complexes and silicon-based polymers, silicon-based polymer structural materials with ring structures, optimization of the Wurtz`s synthesis method of silicon-based polymers, unsaturated and hypercoordinate organosilicic compounds, function of silicon-based polymers, synthesis and polymerization of new silicon-based monomers, development of a new synthesis method of polysilane and the function, development of new application of silicon-based polymers in imaging devices for recording/memory/display of information, molecular design of {pi}-conjugate and {sigma}-conjugate compounds including silicon, and conformation and electronic state of silicon-based polymeric materials. 186 refs., 141 figs., 68 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the superconducting material and device (technical development of the Josephson device hybrid system); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Chodendo zairyo chodendo soshi no kenkyu kaihatsu (Josephson soshi hybrid system no gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In order to establish basic technology for hybrid systems of superconducting and semiconducting devices, study was made on ultrahigh speed and low energy consumption properties of Josephson devices. As Josephson IC technology, a logical circuit, ring network, memory circuit, and oxide superconductor logical circuit were studied. As superconducting hybrid system technology, a Josephson device- semiconductor device interface, formation technology of signal transmission lines, and Josephson-MOS IC technology were developed. In fiscal 1997, as Josephson IC technology, switch motion of 4GHz in clock frequency was achieved by new high-density wiring process. Integration of some semiconducting processor elements, junction of surface- stabilized superconducting thin films, and motion of combination structure of some SQUIDs were also confirmed. On the hybrid system, voltage conversion operation of all interfaces was confirmed. Proper logical operation of the Josephson device hybrid circuit was also confirmed. 95 refs., 90 figs., 5 tabs.

Building life utilizing nature's power and friendly to earth. New energy vision in Kami Ishizu Town (Gifu Prefecture); Shizen no chikara wo ikashi chikyu ni yasashii kurashi wo tsukuru. Kamiishizucho shin energy vision

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Energy saving and new energy introducing measures were established as the 'utilization of area discrete type new energy technology that can be a model for other districts' as part of the plan in Kami Ishizu Town, the 'creation of nature-rich housing area'. The introduction measures were established by the activities of the establishment deliberation meeting composed of people of experience and academic standing, the introduction discussing committee composed of relevant section managers in the municipal office, and the working teams composed of the young staff. The plan begins in fiscal 2001 and lasts for 15 years. The activities are divided into the preparatory period, the foundation building period, and the developing expansion period, wherein the introduction plans were set for bio-mass energy, wind power energy, and hydro-energy that constitute the major resources. The activity achievements were put into order by the following four items: 1) foreword, 2) circumstances centering on the new energy introduction, 3) the current status of Kami Ishizu Town, and 4) the guideline for new energy introduction in Kami Ishizu Town. In Item 2, the district characteristics and the status of existence of new energies were put into order to evaluate the energies available from bio-mass, wind power, hydropower, and solar power. (NEDO)

Achievement report on development of global warming prevention related technologies in fiscal 1998. Development of HFC-23 destruction technology; 1998 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi kanren gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. HFC-23 hakai gijutsu no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-01-01

HFC-23 is produced as a by-product during HCFC-22 manufacturing (produced at by-production rate of about 2%, whereas the reaction control has limitation in reducing the production). This is one of the substances subjected to the greenhouse effect gas reduction in the climate change framework treaty. This paper describes the achievements in 1998 on developing the HFC-23 destruction technology. High-temperature pyrolysis decomposes the substance into HF and CO2, which are given absorption treatment by water and alkali to make them harmless, and are recovered finally as calcium fluoride. An equipment having the treatment capability of 195 kg/h was constructed. Design was made on a facility capable of treating fluorine containing waste water at 3 t/h at maximum. Utilities consumed in a factory (industrial water, acids for neutralization, and alkali) are used effectively to identify the effect of reducing the treatment cost. Discussions were given from the safety aspect on facilities to prevent leakage of fluorine containing waste water being a harmful substance. Fabrication was executed on a full-size treatment testing equipment that can utilize the utilities in the factory effectively, and trial equipment operation was performed to arrange the system prepared toward the future tests and researches. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 research cooperation project on the research cooperation on practical application of wastewater treatment technologies for global warming prevention; 2000 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi haisui shori gijutsu no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

A verification plant operation study is conducted in cooperation with Thailand over wastewater treatment technologies for effectively decomposing and removing organic matters contained in foods plant wastewater and for recovering methane gas therefrom. The effort aims to transfer to Thailand anaerobic wastewater treatment technologies for recovering methane gas. For the 3-year research that began in fiscal 1998, a verification plant was installed at Cho Heng Rice Vermicell Factory Co., Ltd., located 30 kilometers west of Bangkok City. In the first half of verification plant related operation studies for fiscal 2000, the plant was kept in operation for the determination of the optimum operating conditions, and operation/maintenance technologies were transferred to Thailand. In the second half, plant operation was studied for by-passing the ultimate sedimentation tank of the factory. The results of activities are summarized into seven chapters of (1) outline of research cooperation project implementation, (2) outline of project implementation in fiscal 2000, (3) verification plant operation study, (4) automatic monitoring system construction, (5) technology disseminating activities, (6) study of support in Japan, and (7) subjects for future discussion. (NEDO)

Ultimate evaluation report on research and development of basic technologies for next-generation industry. Conductive polymeric materials; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu saishu kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka. Dodensei kobunshi zairyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-05-01

Basic technologies are established that equip polymeric materials (insulators in general) with conductivity similar to that of metals for the realization of novel conducting materials characterized by light weight, high resistance to corrosion, and ease of machining, and for the manufacture of novel electrical/electronic materials having new functions different from those of conventionally used metals. The aims are to realize a conductivity of 10{sup 5}S/cm or more, to manufacture materials sufficiently stable when left in the ordinary or inert atmosphere, and to manufacture materials which may be machined into proper shapes as required in the industry. The results of the 10-year-long development endeavor greatly contribute to the creation of high-level materials, the systematization of technologies, and the elucidation of the conducting mechanism. In relation to polymeric materials, in particular, a new technology is developed that equips, with high reproducibility, polymeric materials with conductivity similar to that of silver or copper; a graphitic material is created for the first time provided with conductivity superior to that of metals; and conducting polymeric materials are equipped with an easy-to-machine feature. A great contribution is accomplished to the production of superconductivity in organic charge-transfer complex crystals and to the elucidation of the conducting mechanism. (NEDO)

Report on regional new energy vision for Kawara town. Toward the creation of eco-symbiotic community; Kawaracho chiiki shin energy vision hokokusho. Kankyo kyoseigata shakai no sozo ni mukete

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

A regional new energy vision has been formulated for Kawara town, Fukuoka Prefecture, in the hope that the industry, administration, and citizenry will be concerned with each other for the realization of an eco-symbiotic community. The fruits of endeavors exerted for this purpose are described in seven chapters, which are (1) the outline of surveys, (2) local characteristics of Kawara town, (3) policy toward introducing new energy, (4) measures for introducing new energy, (5) study of model projects, (6) introduction of new energy into Kawara town, and (7) efforts to realize the introduction. Described in chapter (5) are the introduction of photovoltaic power generation into primary and junior high schools, heat supply business utilizing waste heat from a plant, energy conservation at administration buildings, and the development of an activities program for people to learn energy related matters. Several applications are considered concerning the activities program, dependent upon who are to implement the program: volunteer students, local community leaders, experts, or administration officials. In relation to heat supply business, studies are conducted about the supply of waste heat from a cement plant to public facilities such as the town hall and administration buildings in the form of medium pressure steam or hot water. (NEDO)

Research cooperation project for fiscal 1999. Research cooperation on environment-compatible type water resource effective utilization system; 1999 nendo kankyo taiogata mizushigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Efforts are made under this project to develop a wastewater treatment/regeneration system, easy to operate and maintain and low in cost, jointly with a Philippine research institute. Technologies are transferred to this institute concerning research and development, system designing, operation, maintenance, and management. The goal is to disseminate such technologies in the Philippines. As for fiscal 1999 endeavors, emphases are placed on the items described below. The Container Corporation which regenerates waste paper and the RAM Food Corporation which manufactures canned foods and pickles are selected as the sites for pilot plant research. Wastewater discharged by the two corporations is subjected to laboratory-scale wastewater treatment (combination of aerobic/anaerobic treatment and activated carbon adsorption), by which a pilot plant wastewater treatment process is determined and designing conditions are defined. As for activated carbon for advanced wastewater treatment, a fine grain sample, which is the lowest in price among activated coconut shell charcoals produced in the Philippines, is acquired, and tested for performance. A wastewater treatment pilot plant is complete at the Container Corporation, and has started operation. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 report on the environment friendly type coal utilization technology transfer project. Downstream field; 1997 nendo gyomu hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo gijutsu iten jigyo (karyu bun`ya)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

For the purpose of supporting the introduction/spread of clean coal technology (CCT) in countries in Asia and the Pacific, engineers of the countries concerned were invited to Japan aiming to ferment the understanding of CCT and improve abilities of them. The project was carried out by NEDO, and managed by CCUJ. It has two courses. The manager course is for policy makers, management and senior managers. By assessing CCT and presenting a menu for economical efficiency, environmental arrangement for CCT introduction is made in working out policies and planning plant/equipment investment in the future. The engineer course is for policy planners, mid-class managers and senior engineers. It proposes data on which to base a decision in working out/planning CCT facilities, and at the same time ideas by which to reduce environmental loads by management of facilities, simple improvements, etc. The number of the persons invited are 21, that is, 8 from China, 5 from Indonesia, 4 from the Philippines and 4 from Thailand. After the training, future subjects were summed up

Research cooperation project in fiscal 1998. Research cooperation related to putting waste water treatment technologies into practical use to prevent global warming; 1998 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi haisui shori gijutsu no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Joint research with Thailand has been performed by using a demonstration plant on decomposition and removal of organic substances contained in waste water generated from foodstuff factories, and on recovery of methane gas being the greenhouse effect gas. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1998. In order to advance smoothly the adequate design and demonstration operation of the demonstration plant, investigations were performed on the water using conditions in the CHO HENG rice powder manufacturing factory, and on the waste water generating sources, and the latest waste water data. Visits and investigations were also given on business entities in Thailand as to their design capability, quality control, delivery time control and maintenance capability. In designing the demonstration plant, the basic process combining the anaerobic treatment and aerobic treatment was adopted, and the detailed design was made according to the results of operation of the pilot plant in the past. This fiscal year has performed civil engineering construction composed mainly of RC structures, and fabrication and installation of devices and facilities ancillary to different structures. Devices were fabricated in Thailand whenever possible, with some parts being imported from Japan. (NEDO)

Research cooperation project in fiscal 1999. Research cooperation related to putting waste water treatment technologies into practical use to prevent global warming; 1999 nendo chikyu ondanka boshi haisui shori gijutsu no jitsuyoka ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Joint research with Thailand has been performed by using a demonstration plant on decomposition and removal of organic substances contained in waste water generated from foodstuff factories, and on recovery of methane gas being the greenhouse effect gas. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1999. Performed in the former half of this fiscal year were fabrication of part of the devices used in the anaerobic treatment process, civil engineering construction of storage tanks and buildings for the aerobic treatment process, importation and fabrication of devices, installation of the entire facility, piping construction, and electric instrumentation construction. The construction to build the demonstration plant has been completed. Performed in the latter half of the year are the water operation, granule filling into each UASB reactor, charging activated sludge into the aerobic facilities, the trial operation 1 using the actual waste water (precipitation test) and the trial operation 2 (through flowing of actual liquid). The operation research is still in continuation. On the other hand, in the assistance research in the country, discussions were given on the granule activity evaluating and testing method, influence of granules on temperatures, water flowing test for restoration of activity of the granules stored under elevated temperatures and for an extended period of time, and properties of the transported granules. (NEDO)

Report on a survey in fiscal 1999. Survey on the actual state of utilizing unified evaluation models for global warming; 1999 nendo chikyu ondanka ni kansuru togo hyoka model no katsuyo jittai ni kansuru chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The present survey is intended to compare and analyze major unified global warming evaluation models available inside and outside the country, and analyze the directionality on supports for the future model developments that will be performed by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry. The report describes in Section 1 how the summaries of the global warming evaluation models may be put into order. A unified evaluation model may be positioned basically as a platform to unify the processes of recognizing scientific problems and the processes of determining the policies. Section 2 describes how the summaries of the major global warming evaluation models may be put into order. The models include the followings: DNE21 (Dynamic New Earth 21), GRAPE model, AIM model, MESSAGE (IIASA) model, IMAGE2 (RIVM), and GREEN (Gene Ral Equilibrium Environment)(OECD). Section 3 summarizes the purposes, general situation of development, scope of the objects, and technological features as the features of each model. Section 4 describes the analysis of the actual state of utilizing unified evaluation models for global warming. The results of the analysis were put into order in a map form to make clear the positioning of the major models that have been put into order. (NEDO)

Quantitative precipitation climatology over the Himalayas by using Precipitation Radar on Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and a dense network of rain-gauges

Science.gov (United States)

Yatagai, A.

2010-09-01

Quantified grid observation data at a reasonable resolution are indispensable for environmental monitoring as well as for predicting future change of mountain environment. However quantified datasets have not been available for the Himalayan region. Hence we evaluate climatological precipitation data around the Himalayas by using Precipitation Radar (PR) data acquired by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) over 10 years of observation. To validate and adjust these patterns, we used a dense network of rain gauges collected by the Asian Precipitation—Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE Water Resources) project (http://www.chikyu.ac.jp/precip/). We used more than 2600 stations which have more than 10-year monthly precipitation over the Himalayan region (75E-105E, 20-36N) including country data of Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Pakistan, India, Myanmar, and China. The region we studied is so topographically complicated that horizontal patterns are not uniform. Therefore, every path data of PR2A25 (near-surface rain) was averaged in a 0.05-degree grid and a 10-year monthly average was computed (hereafter we call PR). On the other hand, for rain-gauge, we first computed cell averages if each 0.05-degree grid cell has 10 years observation or more. Here we refer to the 0.05-degree rain-gauge climatology data as RG data. On the basis of comparisons between the RG and PR composite values, we defined the parameters of the regressions to correct the monthly climatology value based on the rain gauge observations. Compared with the RG, the PR systematically underestimated precipitation by 28-38% in summer (July-September). Significant correlation between TRMM/PR and rain-gauge data was found for all months, but the correlation is relatively low in winter. The relationship is investigated for different elevation zones, and the PR was found to underestimate RG data in most zones, except for certain zones in

Joint research achievement report on field test project for photovoltaic power generation of industrial use in fiscal 2000; 1999 nendo sangyo tou you taiyokohatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000 on the field tests for photovoltaic power generation of industrial use. This report describes the details of the achievements of the field tests in 36 locations including the following organizations: the Japan Industrial University, a school juristic person; the Harukawa Gakusha, a school juristic person; the Snow Brand Dairy; the Sony Chemicals; the West Japan Passenger Railways; the Hokushin Welfare Society, a social welfare juristic person; the Seikyou Gakuen, a school juristic person; the Miko Corporation; the Akashi Apparel Corporation; Shigenobu Township in Ehime Prefecture; the Japan Ham; the Seiko Epson; Henri Charpantier Corporation; the Joyo Gakuen, a school juristic person; Matsushita Electric Industry; Nio Township in Kagawa Prefecture; Matsumae Township in Ehime Prefecture; Nakajima Township in Ehime Prefecture; Sugo Gakuen, a school juristic person; the East Japan East Japan Passenger Railways (General Training Center); Shizuoka Automobile Gakuen, a school juristic person; Tomiyama Village in Aichi Prefecture; Futamura Grinding Industry; Toba City in Mie Prefecture; Higashi-ura Township in Hyogo Prefecture, Taisho Township in Kochi Prefecture; the Nagasaki Branch Office of the West Japan Telegraph and Telephone Company; Ashikita Township in Kumamoto Prefecture; the Miyazaki Branch Office of the West Japan Telegraph and Telephone Company; Oi Township in Fukui Prefecture; the Keishin Society, a social welfare juristic person; the Azabu Veterinarian School, a school juristic person, Omiya Township in Ibaraki Prefecture; and the Showa Electric Machinery. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 achievement report on research and development of industrial technologies. Research and development of synergy ceramics; 1999 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Efforts are conducted in the two fields of (1) survey and research and (2) development of technology for evaluating high temperature dynamic corrosion characteristics of heat resistant ceramics. In field (1), a comprehensive survey is conducted, an application study is conducted about high temperature gas separating ceramic membranes, and efforts are made to put to practical use ceramic parts manufactured by a low cost production process. In the application study of ceramic membranes, technologies are developed for a process of manufacturing high temperature gas separating porous ceramic membranes capable of separating and purifying gas emissions and gas ingredients, which involves the development of technologies for improving on gas separation and purification functions, development of technology of providing catalyst support function, technology of porous membrane formation, evaluation of separation characteristics, and so forth. In an application study for ceramic parts manufactured by a low cost manufacturing process, which involves structural ceramics, optimization is accomplished for materials synthesizing technologies by means of mechanical alloying, and cylinder liners are fabricated and evaluated for a natural gas engine made of silicon nitride based ceramics. In field (2), a high temperature dynamic corrosion testing device is built for heat shield coatings. (NEDO)

Research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries, 'ultra-grid elements'. Evaluation on the research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu 'chokoshi soshi'. Kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-04-01

Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to ultra-grid elements. With regard to the process technology to search materials suitable for the targets of ultra-grid elements and manufacture ultra-grid element structure, a technology has been completed, by which crystalline growth is performed while controlling AlAs and GaAs at atom layer levels by using the MBE process and MOCVD process. This has allowed the understanding to be progressed on behavior of electrons in hetero interface or very thin films. It has also become possible to acquire new crystals that have band gaps and grid constants matching the performance of the elements. Regarding ultra-grid functional elements, new functional elements with the HET and RHET structures were made by utilizing the characteristics of the ultra grids, and performances of normal temperature operation and high speed operation were investigated. The ultra-grid structured elements have made it possible to embed ultra fine electrode structure into crystals by means of double hetero growth, and a possibility of Si-based PBT was demonstrated. These achievements lead to a belief that the targets intended at the beginning of the present research have been achieved. (NEDO)

Surveys on awareness and needs of industries to external accreditation system in engineer education; Gijutsusha kyoiku no gaibu ninteiseido donyu ni taisuru sangyo kai no ioshiki to needs ni kansuru chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

In certifying the engineer educational programs at advanced educational organizations, questionnaire and visiting surveys were performed to identify the awareness and needs of industries, and reflect the results to the external accreditation system. The questionnaire survey was conducted on 1,100 engineers acting in the wide technical areas. Effective replies were obtained from 528 engineers. The visiting survey was executed on different business areas and operations. The result of the survey revealed that, in the awareness related to international universality of the engineer education and engineer qualification, 87% answered that they feel they need them, but the cognition rate on the accreditation system has not reached even 50%. In hearing the opinions from representatives in the industries, they indicated that it is not correct to link the certification course of JABEE directly to the engineer qualification; international applicability of JABEE with America is fine, but defining the engineers who desire to come from Asian countries and work in Japan is necessary; the engineer education has its importance shifting from quantity to quality and specialization, but on the other hand diversity is also demanded; and criteria would be necessary to guarantee the minimum required knowledge and capability. (NEDO)

Report on the project for spread/promotion of technology for the industrial waste optimized treatment in the Asian region; Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The International Symposium `98 on the industrial waste problem in the Asian region was held in Tokyo on February 18, 1998. MITI commented on the present situation of the industrial waste problem in Japan and Japan`s environmental tackling toward the Asian region, and also Asian countries (China, the Philippines, Thailand and Korea) made reports. Japan reported on environmental preservation measures taken in the industrial circle, the industrial waste problem at companies which advanced into Asian countries, effects of the Basel Convention (which restricts border-crossing movement of harmful wastes) on recycle activities, Japan`s role in Asia, etc. In the panel discussion, discussions were made on human interchange in the informatization, recycling technology, shortage of personnel concerned with environmental protection, construction of a network in the Asian region and Japan` s role, etc. As to the treatment system for waste, the necessity was recognized of studying systems which meet with actual states of each country. It is also necessary to go on with discussing how the system should be for cooperation between governments and private companies. Importance of the recycle and information exchange was emphasized. 10 refs., 14 figs., 27 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 2000 on research and development of environment compatible next generation supersonic propulsion system; 2000 nendo kankyo tekigogata jisedai choonsoku suishin system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 2000 in development of an environment compatible next generation supersonic propulsion system. In order to reduce NOx emission, the AI combustion control technology was used to newly fabricate a pre-mixing and pre-evaporating tube model, whereas the backfire and autoignition detection device which has been fabricated on a trial basis was given a verification test in a high temperature and pressure site, whose condition is close to that in the actual combustor. A spectroscopic analyzer was used to sense flame light emission, and the operation was verified by using a model combustor. The basic discussion was given on a combustion control logic, whereas NOx reduction control was verified by using simulations. An Si-Zr-C-/Sic based CMC to be applied to an innovative heat resistant combustor liner was tested to have extracted items to be improved. In the CO2 emission suppression technology, logic design was made on a discrete control system, an engine performance optimization logic was developed, and its functions were verified. Detailed design was completed on a smart sensor to be tested in the HTCE engine operation. As the discussions on the engine system, verifications were given on the calculation of performance cycles during flight, estimation on NOx emission, the basic construction of the fan applied with metallic base composite materials, and the reasonability in the target of weight reduction. (NEDO)

Modeling of atmospheric corrosion environments and its application to constant dew-point corrosion test; Yagai taiki fushoku kankyo no modeling to sore ni motozuku teirotengata saikuru fushoku shikenho no kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Muto, I. [Nippon Steel Corp., Tokyo (Japan)] Sugimoto, K. [Tohoku Univ., Sendai (Japan)

1998-08-15

Recently, stainless steel is increasing its demand for corrosion resistant building materials. Then, as it is necessary to develop and accelerating testing method capable of accurately estimating weatherability at sea side area, such testing method has no been developed yet because of difficulty to quantify corrosive environment relating to atmospheric corrosion phenomenon. As air temperature and relative humidity in outdoor change in complex, specific temperature and relative humidity cannot be used for their representative values. And, construction of corrosive factors such as sea salt particles, and so on are also much different at each area. However, at coastal area, a dew water dissolving the sea salt particles, so called droplets of chlorides aqueous solution is formed onto material surface. Then, in this study, on a base of drying and humidity absorption behavior and daily change behavior of temperature and humidity in outdoor, modeling of atmospheric corrosion environment was tried. An accelerating testing method according to this modeling was developed, long-term weathering test was compared with the corrosion behavior of the same steel, and validity of a new accelerating testing method was evaluated. 22 refs., 12 figs., 2 tabs.

Achievement report for fiscal 1999 on research and development of environment compatible next generation supersonic propulsion system; 1999 nendo kankyo tekigogata jisedai choonsoku suishin system no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-09-01

This paper describes the achievements in fiscal 1999 in development of an environment compatible next generation supersonic propulsion system. In order to reduce NOx emission, AI combustion control was discussed to have fabricated the backfire and autoignition detection device. The SiC photodiode was selected for flame detection, and a heat and pressure resistant fiberoptic probe was fabricated to detect flames in a high-temperature high-pressure combustor casing. These devices were combined to fabricate the backfire and autoignition detecting device, and the verification test was performed. For the purpose of application to an innovative heat resistant combustor liner, a silicon carbide material reinforced with silicon carbide fibers was selected. For continuous ceramic fiber as a reinforcing material, the Si-Zr-C-O system was selected, and the chemical gas-phase impregnation process effective to enhance the fiber/matrix interface characteristics as the matrix forming method was used together with the inexpensive precursor polymer impregnating and sintering process. Investigations were performed on the advanced control functions to reduce fuel consumption as the development of CO2 emission suppressing technology, and on the trends in discrete control. In addition, the optimal engine control logic and the specifications for discrete system constituting devices to be evaluated as the prototype in the future were established. (NEDO)

Manufacturing facilities of pharmaceutical products and measures for purification of its environment. Validation for sterilizing grade filter; Iyakuhin no seizo shisetsu to kankyo seijoka taisaku. Mekkin`yo firuta no barideshon

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Nishiyama, M.

1994-07-31

Validation is defined as firm establishment of a documentary evidence showing the system concerned is functioning as designed. Validation for sterilizing grade filter is not limited only to validation of the filter itself, but evaluation of its extract as well as adsorption and the sterilizing condition of the filter and system are the items to be examined. It is necessary to make validation of the filtering system as a whole taking into consideration any kind of element of composition in order to reach the target. In this article, in order to avoid description on diversified subjects, only validation for the filter is focused and its technique is introduced. The procedure for executing validation is stated first, and concerning validation for the sterilizing grade filter, a bacterial retention test is explained in detail, then with regard to an integrity test, sterilization of the devise concerned and pharmaceutical suitability/extract tests, the points which call special attention and testing items are introduced. Finally self inspection and evaluation of operating performance qualification are described. 13 refs., 7 figs., 2 tabs.

Relationship of responsible Care and Environmental Management Systems Standard ISO 14001. Example of Sumitomo Chemical; Resuponshiburu{center_dot}kea to kankyo manejimento sisutemu kikaku ISO14001. Sumitomo kagaku no jirei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, Kazuo. [Sumitomo Chemical Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1999-01-15

In the chemical sector, Responsible Care is propelled by the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA). The objective of Responsible Care is to improve the performance and reputation of the Chemical Industry in areas that impact on people and environment. Sumitomo Chemical is committed to supporting a continuing effort to improve the chemical industry`s responsible management of chemicals through the Japan Responsible Vare Vouncil program. One the other hand, ISO 14001 had been published on Aug.1996 and have adopted the ISO 14001 as national standards on Oct. 1996. Already 973 companies in Japan, 74 of them in the chemical sector, have been certified to ISO 14001. In this paper, I provides concise commentaries on how Responsible Care and Environmental management systems work in the chemical sector. (author)

Relationship of responsible Care and Environmental Management Systems Standard ISO 14001. Example of Sumitomo Chemical. Resuponshiburu[center dot]kea to kankyo manejimento sisutemu kikaku ISO14001. Sumitomo kagaku no jirei

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kimura, Kazuo. (Sumitomo Chemical Corp., Tokyo (Japan))

1999-01-15

In the chemical sector, Responsible Care is propelled by the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA). The objective of Responsible Care is to improve the performance and reputation of the Chemical Industry in areas that impact on people and environment. Sumitomo Chemical is committed to supporting a continuing effort to improve the chemical industry's responsible management of chemicals through the Japan Responsible Vare Vouncil program. One the other hand, ISO 14001 had been published on Aug.1996 and have adopted the ISO 14001 as national standards on Oct. 1996. Already 973 companies in Japan, 74 of them in the chemical sector, have been certified to ISO 14001. In this paper, I provides concise commentaries on how Responsible Care and Environmental management systems work in the chemical sector. (author)

Fiscal 1999 geothermal energy development promotion survey. Report on environmental impact survey - 5 (Musadake area); 1999 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Kankyo eikyo chosa hokokusho (No.B-5 Musadake chiiki)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-01-01

For the purpose of clarifying the environmental impact to result from the digging of borehole N11-MD-3 in Shibetsu-gun, Hokkaido, a survey was conducted of changes in (1) hot spring water quality, (2) noise/vibration pollution, and (3) air pollution due to hydrogen sulfide, before and after the digging period. Under item (1), measurements were made at four hot springs, which involved weather, air temperature, water temperature, amount of welled-up water, pH, electric conductivity, etc. Although minor changes were observed during the measuring period, none was found related to the digging process. Under item (2), noise levels were measured during the drilling period along the site boundary, at a point 500m from N11-MD-3, the Kawakita hot spring, and the entrance of Sekiyunosawa. Along the site boundary, they were 55-60 dB during the drilling period, and there was an increase of 30dB attributable to the drilling. At the 500m point, there was a 15-20dB increase attributable to the same. Vibration levels during the drilling period were 40dB along the site boundary and less than the observable minimum at the other points. Under item (3), at four points along the site boundary (50m), hydrogen sulfide concentration in the air fluctuated by 0.01-0.21ppm when the steam discharge rate was 4.47-7.20t/h. (NEDO)

Study of promotion of CO2 fixation by the environmental improvement in the coral reef area; Kansho chitai ni okeru kankyo kaizen ni yoru CO2 kotei sokushin no kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Maruoka, T.; Ishitani, H.; Matsuhashi, R.; Yamada, K.; Komiyama, H.; Kraines, S. [The University of Tokyo, Tokyo (Japan). Faculty of Engineering

1997-01-30

A study was conducted on how to fix CO2 in the ocean using coral reefs. Coral reefs have extremely high primary productivity ( production quantity of organic matters by photosynthesis) and are expected to be resources to fix CO2 when the quantity of photosynthesis exceeds the quantity of CO2 emitted in association with formation of calcium carbonate skeleton. If organic substances produced in coral reefs are well carried into the open sea, those are settled down on deep beds, which enables the storage into the ocean. At the coral reef floating in the ocean, it is not very deep inside and the seawater stays there, but it has a steep depth outside. By the numerical calculation, an examination was made on how the waterflow changes when making the flow path of seawater between the inland sea and open sea. From the actual calculation of an atoll, it was found that seawater comes in and out from the open sea to the inland sea near the opening of the atoll in accordance with the high tide and ebb tide, but the water stays at the deep bottom of the atoll. When installing a channel with a 10m depth at the portion where the water flows softly, the seawater was actively exchanged. 6 refs., 4 figs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the development of technology of the environmentally friendly next generation small incinerator; 1999 nendo kankyo taio jisedai kogata shokyakuro gijutsu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The development was proceeded with of a next generation small incinerator of low dioxin emission. Concretely, the technology to be developed is for a next generation small incinerator of low dioxin emission in which the exhaust gas treatment system enabling various kinds of heat utilization is connected to the small incinerator mixing the fixed bed two stage combustion technology of industrial waste use low dioxin oxygen concentration control system and the high performance industrial furnace heat storage combustion technology. The trial-manufactured small incinerator has characteristics as follows: The incinerator can complement the decrease in efficiency in the wide-area refuse collection. It can remarkably reduce the emission of environmental pollutants such as CO2. It contributes to reduction in CO2 emission and reduction in fossil fuel consumption amount by effective utilization of exhaust heat. The incinerator is lower in price than the existing one of low dioxin emission type. The subjects are verification of the overall effect of the lower dioxin emission, verification of effects of reduction in CO2 emission and reduction in fossil fuel consumption amount by heat utilization, and study of the spread/promotion system. The report contains items of the development of an environmentally friendly next generation small incinerator and the evaluation survey for the commercialization, and photos as supplementary data. (NEDO)

USW[center dot]33M-VS wind power turbine winning a 1993 environmental department prize of Discover Magazine. 1993 nendo DISCOVER kankyo bumonsho ni USW/33M-VS furyoku turbine

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Ushiyama, M. (Waseda University, Tokyo (Japan))

1993-12-01

This paper introduces a variable speed wind power turbine developed jointly by EPRI and US Wind Power Corporation. This wind power turbine has a wind velocity responsive construction in which generated alternating current power has the frequency vary with change in the shaft rotation speed. The specified performance calls for a cut-in of 4 m/s and cut-out of 29 m/s, wind velocity variable. The blades are made of laminated fiberglass, and the rotor has a diameter of 33 m, rotation variable. The tower height is classified to 24 m, 30 m, and 42 m. The blade pitch is controlled by a linear hydraulic cylinder, and the turbine is controlled by a microprocessor. The wind turbine has a system interconnecting control and data collecting system. Two induction three-phase generators are used. EPRI has calculated its power generation cost at 5 cents/kWh if wind blows at an annual average velocity of 16 miles per hour. This is nearly equivalent to the cost at new power plants. US Wind Power Corporation has disassembled 22 experimental models that have been in operation to investigate wear in the machines. Its economy is evaluated comparable with that for fossil fuel technologies. 1 fig.

Survey report of FY 1997 on the environmentally acceptable coal utilization system feasibility survey. Dispatch of engineers; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho. Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa (senmonka haken)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

The purpose of this survey is to improve the coal utilization technology and to contribute to the environmental protection. Through long-term dispatch of experts for the coal utilization technology, coal utilization facilities are surveyed at the sites, advises for coal utilization technology and environmental protection technology are given, and useful information for the cooperation with the partner country are exchanged. In this fiscal year, experts were dispatched to Thailand in addition to China, to conduct cooperative surveys, technical exchanges and seminars with both countries. Experts for desulfurization technology, circulating fluidized bed boilers, effective coal ash utilization technology, and coal preparation technology were dispatched to various places in China. Among various model projects conducted in China, examples of model projects for simplified desulfurizer introduction, circulating fluidized bed boiler introduction, and briquette production facility introduction were presented at seminars held at two cities in China. Experts for briquette production technology and circulating fluidized bed boiler technology were dispatched to Thailand, to conduct cooperative surveys and technical exchanges. 22 figs., 9 tabs.

FY 1999 report on the results of the R and D of the environmental technology of recycling, etc. 1; 1999 nendo recycle nado kankyo gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. 1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of reducing environmental loads of waste and recycling waste, etc., the R and D were carried out, and the FY 1999 results were summarized. In the study of the technology for high-grade recycling of PET bottles, construction work for stabilization of the quality of drainage water was done of a demonstration plant with a treating capacity of 8,000t/y which was constructed in FY 1996, and the stability in long-term operation was examined. In the survey of fluctuations in flake quality, the verification data indicated that the plant could be stably operated. As to the alteration of the bottle cleaning process from wet method to dry method, stabilization of the label separation performance was recognized. By the above-mentioned matters, the technology to recycle/treat PET bottles was established. In the development of the technology to recycle waste plastics which are difficult to treat, assessment was made of the treatment capacity in dry distillation gasification furnace of shredder dust and gasification characteristics. As to the removal of wire harness, separation of glass from fine copper wire, etc., methods which are promising were proposed, and it was concluded that those were not valid as a treatment method in the plant scale in terms of economical efficiency. (NEDO)

New energy vision at Sabae City. Toward realization of 'environmental international city'; 2001 nendo Sabae shi chiiki shin energy vision. Kankyo kokusai toshi Sabae no jitsugen ni mukete

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2002-03-01

With an object of accelerating introduction of and uplifting consciousness on new energies at Sabae City in Fukui Prefecture, a new energy vision was put into order based on the result of the initial stage investigation having been performed in the previous fiscal year. Solar light and solar heat energies will be introduced positively into public facilities, and at the same time works will be implemented to accelerate the proliferation thereof into general households. The target of introduction by the year 2010y is set to 2,600 kW by photovoltaic power generation, and the introduction thereof is planned to schools, nursery schools, municipality operated houses, and unattended facilities. With regard to solar heat water warmer, the present proliferation rate of about 7.3% will be raised to 15%. Regarding wastes generated from industrial areas, efficient energy extraction by thermal recycling is intended on the assumption of suppression of wastes generation, their re-use, and recycling. Systems may include the bio-gas system, cogeneration, and recovery of energies from plastics wastes. For acceleration of proliferation of new energies in general, promotion of introduction will be achieved on mini-wind power generation, small hydroelectric power generation, and fuel cell automobiles. (NEDO)

Next-generation coal utilization technology development study. Environmentally-friendly coal combustion technology; topping cycles; Sekitan riyo jisedai gijutsu kaihatsu chosa. Kankyo chowagata sekitan nensho gijutsu bun`ya (topping nensho gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

As a realistic measure to reduce environmental pollutants emitted from coal-fueled boilers, a developmental study was conducted of high-efficient combustion systems. In fiscal 1994, four types of topping cycles which are different in system structure and gasifier type were selected, and topping cycles assuming a 300MW-class power plant were trially designed. Further, an evaluation of adaptability of these systems was made, and an selection of the optimum system for the early development was made among the systems. As a result, the evaluation was obtained that `a system using air blown gasifier` is most suitable for conducting the next-stage research. In the element test on the topping combustion technology, collection was made of data of desulfurization activity, desulfurization oxidation mechanism and alkali metal behavior at the laboratory level, data of temperatures and gas concentration distribution in coal gasification, data of simulation of the gasifier reaction, and the other data. 262 figs., 66 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the results of the survey of the project for implementation of 'The New Earth 21'; 2000 nendo 'chikyu saisei keikaku' no jisshi keikaku sakusei ni kansuru chosa jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

As the research study contributing to implementation of 'The New Earth 21' proposed by Japan at the Houston Summit in 1990, a DNE21 model was developed as a quantitative assessment model for global warming preventive technology, heightening of efficiency of the global energy supply/demand system, conversion to energy sources of low carbon emissions, etc. In the project of 'The New Earth 21,' economy and environment can be compatible centering on developed countries' technical development and technology transfer to developing countries. In FY 2000, for heightening applicability of the DNE21 model, the world, which was used to be divided into 10 regions, was divided into 54. At the same time, a prototype model was constructed in which cities in the region were divided into three cities: large; medium; small. Using the DNE21 model, evaluation was made of effects of uncertainties such as population, economic growth, final energy demand and cost as preconditions of the model on the optimization of global warming preventive measures. Further, technologies which are expected to be important for global environmental policy in the ultra-long term were listed up to estimate the potentiality. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the application technology of functional protein complex (R and D of the high-functional maintenance technology for power plants); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kinosei tanpakushitsu shugotai oyo gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (hatsuden shisetsuyo kokino maintenance gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

In order to develop advanced maintenance technology for power generation facilities, application technology of functional protein complexes is under investigation. On a light controllable enzymatic reaction system, construction of a light controllable bio-reactor by physico-chemical and bio- chemical techniques, and structure and functions of a photosynthetic protein complex using thermophilic cyanobacteria as material are under investigation. On a molecular mechanism for recognition and reaction of receptor proteins, structure analysis and engineering application of glutamate receptor channels of a synaptic transmission system, and basic study and material proteins for artificial structures using endocytic micromachinery, and a multi-enzyme system for synthesis of glycosphingolipids are under investigation. On a complex oxidation/reduction system by genetic engineering technique, construction of a high- efficiency stable system with functionally arranged oxidoreductase and electron transmission systems in biomembranes is in promotion. Research work was also made on molecular assemblies for a functional protein system. 166 refs., 91 figs., 9 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 R an D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (high-efficiency and analysis and manipulation technology for DNA); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Genshi bunshi kyokugen sosa gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (DNA nado kokoritsu kaiseki sosa gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (atom technology). Through the observation of super spiral DNA fixed on a spermin or spermidine treated mica substrate by AFM (atomic force microscope), fixation of DNA without any deformation in solution was clarified, and visualization of the spiral structure of DNA were successfully achieved. Manipulation of Xe atoms adsorbed on an Si(111) surface was certainly possible by using STM (scanning tunneling microscope)/atom probe equipment. A nucleation mechanism in crystal growth was studied for various organic source-molecules/GaAs(001) surface systems, and formation of high-density nuclei on the GaAs surface was achieved by accelerating the translational energy of Ga material molecules up to 6eV or more. Ziegler- Natta catalysis important for industrial polymerization of olefin molecules was precisely analyzed by first-principle dynamic simulation. A large-scale simulation of zeolite catalyst is also in promotion for methanol to gasoline conversion. 51 refs., 87 figs., 7 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 report on the R and D project consignment from NEDO on industrial science and technology. R and D on total base technology for marine resources (Mn nodules mining system) (total system (experimental plan)); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kaiyo shigen sogo kiban gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (mangan dankai saiko system) seika hokokusho (total system (jikken keikaku) hen)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Study was made on the design of experiments for confirming the technological and economical feasibility of commercial production of Mn nodules. An experimental sea area was selected considering Mn nodule characteristics such as concentration, continuity of nodule distribution and nodule size, and sea bottom topographic features such as flatness and exposed bed rock disturbing traveling of nodule collectors. The experimental plan was decided on the basis of the survey and study on an experimental scale, various requirements, weather and sea weather features of the sea area, and sea bottom conditions. Based on the experimental plan, various verification tests and simulation analyses were carried out, and functions of various equipment were confirmed. The conceptual design of a mining system assumed both pump-lift and air-lift systems, and yearly production rates of 2 and 3 million tons by 2 mining barges, and summarized main points of every system. As the evaluation result, the future direction of commercial production of Mn nodules was clarified to a certain extent. 5 figs., 21 tabs.

Fiscal 1998 research report. Popularization project of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Study was made on popularization of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In principle, industrial wastes should be recycled in a country concerned, however, because of a difference in technology and industrial location, treatment of all industrial wastes in a country concerned is impossible. International cooperation is thus indispensable to promote proper efficient practical measures for environment. For studying the possibility of the international cooperation between Japan and Asian countries concerned for further recognition and solution of industrial waste problems, 'International Symposium on the Asian Industrial Waste Issue' have been held in Tokyo since 1997 for governmental staffs. In fiscal 1998, Malaysia was invited in addition to China, Philippines and Thailand for popularization of the proper treatment and recycling of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In every Asian countries, poor collection of discharge, treatment and disposal data is an obstacle to effective treatment. Technical cooperation and financial support by developed countries are demanded. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on the survey of the technology trend of a future of the plant use bioindustry; 2000 nendo shokubutsu riyo bio sangyo no shoraisei ni kansuru gijutsu doko chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of studying a future of the industrial application of plant use biotechnology, survey was conducted of the trend of the present international technology, etc. As to the system of the joint research/development program in Europe, there are Framework Program (FP) by European Commission and cooperative programs (EUREKA) supported by European Commission. The total budget of Framework Program 5 (FP5) project is 14.96 billion euro, and 82 of the total 1,799 projects are related to the plant biotechnology. The largest plant biotechnology research organization is the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the budget of plant biotechnology is 300 million dollars. BTI, private nonprofit research organization, has been producing the results of the study of plant genes and study related to the agriculture biotechnology. In Japan, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry is carrying out the plant factory project by Green Biology Program, targeting the industrial utilization. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan started the 21st Century Green Frontier Research toward the post-genome. (NEDO)

Report on fundamental investigation in fiscal 2000 of intellectual property right management criteria at General Research Institute of Industrial Technologies; 2000 nendo sangyo gijutsu sogo kenkyusho chiteki zaisanken kanri kiso chosa hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Fundamental items of knowledge were collected on matters to form the base of management and utilization of intellectual property rights as the basic data for cooperation among industry, academia, and government. Activities were put into order on the following nine fields: 1) handling of tangible research property rights at universities, 2) the way the organization should be to support the cooperation between industry and academia - a mechanism at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 3) licensing and technology transfer in India, 4) intellectual property trends for the 21st century, 5) management of intellectual property assets - in relation with the new current in the U.S. Patent Act, 6) comparative study of examination guidelines for computer-related inventions between the United States and Japan, 7) management of intellectual properties and business law aspects in the technology innovation times - examples in Seattle where IT and bio-technologies are originated from, 8) patents and bio-technical inventions, and 9) new movements in bio-technology patents. In Item 2), examples at MIT were studied on the way the organization should be to support the cooperation between industry and academia. The industry-academia cooperation is in action at various levels, not only in licensing, but also in the industrial liaison program, and consortiums. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report. Popularization project of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions; 1998 nendo chosa hokokusho. Asia chiiki sangyo haikibutsu tekiseika shori gijutsu nado fukyu sokushin jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

Study was made on popularization of the proper treatment technology of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In principle, industrial wastes should be recycled in a country concerned, however, because of a difference in technology and industrial location, treatment of all industrial wastes in a country concerned is impossible. International cooperation is thus indispensable to promote proper efficient practical measures for environment. For studying the possibility of the international cooperation between Japan and Asian countries concerned for further recognition and solution of industrial waste problems, 'International Symposium on the Asian Industrial Waste Issue' have been held in Tokyo since 1997 for governmental staffs. In fiscal 1998, Malaysia was invited in addition to China, Philippines and Thailand for popularization of the proper treatment and recycling of industrial wastes in Asian regions. In every Asian countries, poor collection of discharge, treatment and disposal data is an obstacle to effective treatment. Technical cooperation and financial support by developed countries are demanded. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report. R and D on advanced combustion technology under microgravity environment; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research was made on explication of a combustion phenomenon by using a microgravity facility, and a combustor possible to realize advanced combustion technology. In the basic research composed of 5 themes by the international joint research with NASA, 52 drop experiments using JAMIC's facility and 100 drop experiments using NASA's 2.2s drop tower were carried out. The themes are composed of an interaction in droplet arrays combustion, combustion of binary fuel sprays, combustion characteristics of solid fuel, flame dynamics around a lean flammability limit, and mass transfer around a combustion field. In the experiment using the microgravity experiment facility and analysis evaluation of the experimental data, studies were made on combustion and evaporation of fuel droplets, combustion characteristics of dense fuel, flammability limit, formation mechanism of NO{sub x} and an advanced combustor. For applying a pre-evaporating/pre- mixing combustion system to a combustor for aircraft engines, studies were made on some issues such as improvement of a combustion stability, NO{sub x} discharge characteristics, and optimum fuel atomizing. (NEDO)

Report on regional new energy vision for Kawara town. Toward the creation of eco-symbiotic community (simplified version); Kawaracho chiiki shin energy vision gaiyoban. Kankyo kyoseigata shakai no sozo ni mukete

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

A regional new energy vision has been formulated for Kawara town, Fukuoka Prefecture, in the hope that the industry, administration, and citizenry will be concerned with each other for the realization of an eco-symbiotic community. The fruits of endeavors exerted for this purpose are described in seven chapters, which are (1) the outline of surveys, (2) local characteristics of Kawara town, (3) policy toward introducing new energy, (4) measures for introducing new energy, (5) study of model projects, (6) introduction of new energy into Kawara town, and (7) efforts to realize the introduction. Described in chapter (5) are the introduction of photovoltaic power generation into primary and junior high schools, heat supply business utilizing waste heat from a plant, energy conservation at administration buildings, development of an activities program for people to learn energy related matters, and the results of studies conducted on the respective model projects. Concerning the activities program, several applications are considered, dependent upon who are to implement the program: volunteer students, local community leaders, experts, or administration officials. For the initial stage of learning under the program, a system is built under which experts, local community leaders, primary and junior highschool children, and their teachers cooperate with each other under the leadership of a project coordinator. (NEDO)

International research cooperation in fiscal 1997. Report on the research, development, and evaluation of environmentally-friendly combustion technologies; Kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo chowagata nensho gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

Concerning the research and development of environmentally-friendly combustion technologies that had been conducted for six years beginning in 1992, analysis and discussion were made by a special committee dedicated to the evaluation of the efforts, and the outcome is stated. In the study of zeolite-base catalysts, a highly active catalyst was developed which assumes a multilayer structure of mordenite, etc., with titanium introduced thereinto using an NO-selective reducing catalyst. As for metal complex oxide-base catalysts, various catalysts high in activity were developed, based on saponite which is a laminar, clayey compound. As for alumina-base catalysts, details were learned of the reaction mechanism and catalysis activation sites and, helped by the findings, a silver-supporting alumina catalyst was produced. In the study of direct decomposition type NOx removing catalysts, a success was achieved in causing NO to be decomposed with high selectivity in an oxygen atmosphere by use of new-type electrodes, functional layers, and solid electrolytes. In the field of catalytic combustion, a PdO-Pt/Ba-Al2O3 catalyst was developed, which is to serve for a hybrid type catalytic combustion method. 19 refs., 112 figs., 25 tabs.

New energy vision for Kunigami village. Building a Village Friendly to the Environment in the 21st Century; Kunigamison shin energy vision. 21 seiki no shizen kankyo ni yasashii mura zukuri

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-02-01

A new energy vision has been formulated for Kunigami village, Okinawa Prefecture, for dealing with environmental problems and for activating the region through the utilization of new energy. It is a 6,000-strong village located at the northern end of the mainland of the Ryukyus, which consumed 35 GWh of electric power in fiscal 1998. The results of activities in this connection are summarized in seven chapters, which are (1) the current state of Kunigami village, (2) current state of new energy, (3) existing amount of new energy, (4) survey using questionnaires, (5) basic policy toward new energy introduction, (6) new energy vision formulation, and (7) a system for new energy introduction. Chapter (6) is constituted of the formulation of new energy projects and conditions to satisfy for their realization, with the projects covering the introduction of photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, small scale hydroelectric power generation, and clean energy vehicles and the implementation of popularizing and enlightening activities. Under the project for popularizing and enlightening activities, information will be disseminated, people will receive education about environments, economic support will be provided, and support will be extended to enterprises for their beginning new energy businesses. The economic support to be provided will involve the introduction of the support systems of the Government and the study of the creation of a village operated support system. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1998 research report. R and D on advanced combustion technology under microgravity environment; 1998 nendo seika hokokusho. Bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita kodo nensho gijutsu soshutsu ni kansuru kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Research was made on explication of a combustion phenomenon by using a microgravity facility, and a combustor possible to realize advanced combustion technology. In the basic research composed of 5 themes by the international joint research with NASA, 52 drop experiments using JAMIC's facility and 100 drop experiments using NASA's 2.2s drop tower were carried out. The themes are composed of an interaction in droplet arrays combustion, combustion of binary fuel sprays, combustion characteristics of solid fuel, flame dynamics around a lean flammability limit, and mass transfer around a combustion field. In the experiment using the microgravity experiment facility and analysis evaluation of the experimental data, studies were made on combustion and evaporation of fuel droplets, combustion characteristics of dense fuel, flammability limit, formation mechanism of NO{sub x} and an advanced combustor. For applying a pre-evaporating/pre- mixing combustion system to a combustor for aircraft engines, studies were made on some issues such as improvement of a combustion stability, NO{sub x} discharge characteristics, and optimum fuel atomizing. (NEDO)

Leading survey and research report for fiscal 1999. Survey and research on ozone-aided technology for creating comfortable environment; 1999 nendo ozone riyo kaiteki kankyo sozo gijutsu no chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Efforts are made to grasp the parts remaining technically unsolved of the ozone-aided technology for creating a comfortable environment, such as ozone-aided enhancement of the decomposition of nondegradable organic matters in the urban sewage and industrial wastewater. Efforts are also made to put in order and analyze data about the said technology, to isolate the current problems and the objects of technical deliberation for the future, and to examine the feasibility of the introduction of this technology. Case studies were conducted for a novel ozone-aided system and the effect is examined of the introduction of ozone-aided treatment into crowded towns, water supply systems, sewerage, and industries that handle paper and pulp, chemicals, electric power, and foods. Findings are mentioned below. The ozone utilizing technology when introduced improves the efficiency of water circulation, reduces pollutants at an excellent rate, suppresses the generation of carbon dioxide, and enhances safety of water resources and water environments. To realize such good results, however, it is important for the ozone to be high in concentration, for the accelerated oxidation and enhanced biofunction processes to be further studied, and for the system to be optimized. It is also found that a technology of appropriate ozone storage will help enhance cost reduction. (NEDO)

Evaluation report on the development of energy conservation/environment purification system using cleaning effect of optical irradiation; Hikari clean gijutsu wo mochiita sho energy kankyo joka system no kaihatsu hyoka hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

The results achieved in fiscal 1992-1995 under the above-named project are stated. In the development of photocatalytic materials, a photocatalytic fluorocarbon polymer sheet suitable for use in a denitration apparatus is developed. A high density fluorocarbon polymer sheet composed of TiO{sub 2} modified with 0.3% of Pd/absorbent zeolite/fluorocarbon polymer PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) =48-63/24-36/10-20 is fabricated, which achieves a level higher than the denitration goal of 70%. Although the sheet in a 500-hour accelerated exposure test undergoes a hardening phenomenon in which elasticity decreases and tensile strength increases, yet degradation is hardly detected. Although a slight reduction is detected in denitration efficiency, yet it does not affect its practical application, and thus the durability goal is achieved. In the development of an energy conservation type air cleaning apparatus usable in underground parking areas or motorway tunnels, an apparatus capable of treating air at a rate of 2,000m{sup 3}/hour is fabricated, and this achieves a denitration level of not less than 80% in a field test (in the absence of rainfall). For denitration in the presence of rainfall, the apparatus is combined with an equimolar adsorption system, and a system capable of 80% denitration is proposed on the basis of data actually measured for each of the two. A conceptual design for a service model comprising a photodenitration and equimolar adsorption systems is evaluated, and it is found that it occupies less space than the existing models. (NEDO)

Adaptability of drowsiness level detection that measures blinks utilizing image processing to changes in the ambient light; Hikari kankyo no henka ni tekiosuru kao gazo shori ni yoru inemuri unten kenchi

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Kaneda, M; Obara, H; Nasu, T [Nissan Motor Co. Ltd, Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

A drowsiness warning system that measures blinks utilizing image processing technology has a number of issues that need to be resolved. One issue is the adaptability of the system to changes in the ambient light environment in the actual vehicle interior. We have devised image processing software which is robust to changes in the ambient light. The drowsiness detection performance of the system was evaluated in laboratory tests and actual driving tests. It was found that the system can has a positive effect on detecting drowsiness level. 3 refs., 10 figs.

Research cooperation report for fiscal 1997 on the environment-friendly system for effectively utilizing water resources; 1997 nendo kankyo taiogata mizushigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku itaku gyomu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This effort exerted in cooperation with the Philippines aims to solve problems related to water resources such as stable supply and pollution of water through developing a waste water treatment/water reuse system which is easy to operate and maintain, and low in price. The ultimate goal includes (1) the construction of a waste water treatment/water reuse system comprising an anaerobic reaction tank and activated charcoal absorption tower, easy to operate and maintain, and low in price, (2) the employment of goods procurable in the Philippines, the goods including carriers for use in the anaerobic reaction tank, microbes for use in both aerobic and anaerobic reaction tanks, and activated charcoal for use in waste water reutilization, and (3) the establishment of optimum operating conditions for the waste water treatment/water reuse system by use of a pilot plant and the transfer of operating and managing techniques to the Filipino counterpart. In this fiscal year, investigations are conducted to disclose the actualities of waste water treatment and water consumption by primary industries in the vicinity of Laguna de Bay, and the waste water to be the object of study and the place of pilot plant installation have been selected. Also conducted are investigations into the carrier, microbe, activated charcoal, etc., for use in the anaerobic reaction tank. (NEDO)

List of Participants

Science.gov (United States)

2011-08-01

GonzalezBUAP, FCFM Lorenzo Díaz CruzBUAP Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas Luis Rey Díaz BarrónDivisión de Ciencias e Ingenierías Luis UrenaUniversidad de Guanajuato Magda LolaDept. of Physics, University of Patras, Greece Mahmoud WahbaEgyptian Center for Theoretical Physics, MTI Marcus S CohenNew Mexico State University Mario A Acero OrtegaICN - UNAM Mario E GomezUniversidad de Huelva Mark PipeUniversity of Sheffield Mauro NapsucialeDCI-UG Mirco CannoniUniversidad de Huelva Mónica Felipa Ramírez PalaciosUniversidad de Guadalajara Murli Manohar VermaLucknow university, India Nassim BozorgniaUCLA Octavio Obregón Octavio ValenzuelaIA-UNAM Oleg KamaevUniversity of Minnesota Osamu SetoHokkai-Gakuen University Pedro F González DíazIFF, CSIC, Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain Qaisar ShafiBartol Research Inst. and Delaware U. Raul Hennings-YeomansLos Alamos National Laboratory René Ángeles MartínezDepartamento de Fisica, del DCI de la Universidad de Guanajuato Reyna XoxocotziBUAP, FCFM Rishi Kumar TiwariGovt. Model Science College, Rewa (MP) INDIA Roberto A SussmanICN-UNAM Selim Gómez ÁvilaDCI-UG Sugai KenichiSaitama University Susana Valdez AlvaradoDCI-UG TVladimir - 2K CollaborationColorado State University Tonatiuh MatosCINVESTAV Valeriy DvoeglazovUniversidad de Zacatecas Vannia Gonzalez MaciasDCI-UG Vladimir Avila-ReeseInstituto de Astronomia, UNAM Wolfgang BietenholzINC, UNAM (Mexico) Yamanaka MasatoKyoto Sangyo University Yann MambriniLPT Orsay Yu-Feng ZhouInstitute of Theotretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China Aaron HigueraDCI-UG Azarael Yebra PérezDCI-UG César Hernández AguayoDCI-UG Jaime Chagoya AlvarezDCI-UG Jonathan Rashid Rosique CampuzanoDCI-UG José Alfredo Soto ÁlvarezDCI-UG Juan Carlos De Haro SantosDCI-UG Luis Eduardo Medina MedranoDCI-UG Maria Fatima Rubio EspinozaDCI-UG Paulo Alberto Rodriguez HerreraDCI-UG Roberto Oziel Gutierrez CotaDCI-UG Rocha Moran Maria PaulinaDCI-UG Xareni Sanchez MonroyDCI-UG

FY 1999 report on the potential survey of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system - Dispatch of engineers. A. Project for supporting the introduction of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system (model project)/pre-survey for the potential survey; 1999 nendo kankyo chowa gata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa. Senmomka haken A. kankyo chowa gata sekitan riyo system donyu shien jigyo (model jigyo) - Kanosei chosa no jizen chosa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of the improvement of coal utilization technology and environmental preservation, the paper conducted the pre-survey of the introduction of coke oven gas desulfurization facilities in China and pre-survey of potentiality of the environmentally friendly type coal utilization system in India. The pre-survey in China was made for Anyang Steel Group Co. Ltd. and Laiwu Steel Group Co. Ltd. to judge their adaptability as site for the demonstrative project on the introduction of coke oven gas desulfurization facilities. As a result, it was confirmed that the former satisfied the conditions on Japan side such as the space for installation and prospect for fund raising. However, the amount of COG treatment was larger than that planned at Japan side, and it was found that as to the recovered sulfur, the company wanted the solid sulfur different from the fused sulfur planned at Japan side. In the survey in India, explanations were made to India of CFBC and the fluidized bed cement sintering system, bio-briquette production facilities, facilities for environmental measures, coal reforming technology, etc. At the same time, the site survey was made to examine/analyze possibilities of spread/development of Japan's CCT. (NEDO)

FY 1998 report on the R and D of the industrial science technology. R and D of synergy ceramics; 1998 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho. Synergy ceramics no kenkyu kaihatsu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

Hazardous ingredients in gases exhausted from diesel, refuse treatment facilities, etc. are becoming the problem. The development is expected of porous ceramic films which have functions of separation/purification at high temperature. By making good use of the technology to synthesize ceramic films with uniform through pores of several ten nm order and the technology to form 1D through pores of several ten - 100{mu} m order, the development of the following technologies were made and are in sight: enhancement of functions of gas separation/purification, function of catalyst-carrying to be given, porous film formation/base material fabrication. For the commercialization of high performance structure use ceramic parts, required is innovation of the production method by which the production cost is reduced without damaging the characteristics. Technologies were used of micro-fine raw materials, rapid sintering, texture assessment, analysis, etc., and study was made of cost reduction in high performance ceramic parts. For energy conservation by reducing the sintering temperature, the following were trially conducted: mechanical ironing, use of low grade raw material, use of superplastic reformation and forging, etc. (NEDO)

Research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries, 'three-dimensional circuit elements'. Evaluation on the research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu 'sanjigen kairo soshi'. Kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-04-01

Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to three-dimensional circuit elements that integrate functions at ultra-high density. For the basic technology of lamination, the SOI technology suitable for the three-dimensional circuit elements was developed, and it has become possible to manufacture high-quality multi-layered crystalline structure by means of annealing that uses laser and electron beam. In addition, a lateral epitaxial technology for solid phase was developed, and the base to be applied to the three-dimensional circuit elements was established. Furthermore, the technology to put thin film circuits together would be useful for high-density integration in the future. The three-dimensional circuit makes parallel processing in each segment possible, whereas a possibility was shown that the processing can be performed at much higher speed than before. Actually a prototype three-dimensional circuit equipped with functions for parallel processing and judgment processing was fabricated. The image pre-processing which has been impossible on the real time basis in the conventional two-dimensional integrated circuit was realized in a speed as fast as milli-second order. These achievements lead to a belief that the targets for the present research and development have been achieved. (NEDO)

How far industrial cavitation has advanced (part 1 of report 2). What overseas business development by Japanese corporations signifies; Sangyo kudoka wa dokomade susundaka. Nippon kigyo no kaigai jigyo tenkai ga imisuru mono

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Yuasa, T. [The Institute of Energy Economics, Tokyo (Japan)

1996-11-01

Industrial cavitation has been discussed in the previous reports on macroscopic issues such as foreign exchange rates. This paper transfers the viewpoint to substantial states of individual industries, and discusses the cavitation issue first on the automobile industry. Specifically, the paper explains positioning of the Japanese automobile industry in the whole Japanese industry, foreign trade, capital export, the histories/trends in advancements into overseas markets as seen from production in overseas countries, as well as trends and future of energy consumption in the subject industry. The Japanese automobile industry has given the position of the world`s largest car producing country to America after the Plaza agreement in 1985, with the disparity spreading even in 1995. There is a prediction that domestic production will stay almost flat up to the year 2000, and the total production including overseas production will show slight increase. It now has come to the times that roles of the overseas production are amplified increasingly larger in the years to come. These situations leave a number of future problems, such as violent market struggles having begun among the industrialized nations for overseas production in the Asian countries. 14 figs., 14 tabs.

Research and development of basic technologies for next generation industries, 'composite materials'. Evaluation on final research and development (interim report); Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu. Fukugo zairyo (saishu kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka 2)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1989-05-01

Development was made on a technology to evaluate quality of composite materials. Few data are available for environmental resistance of composite materials, whereas identification of environmental deterioration behavior and establishment of a environmental resistance evaluating technology are a significant issue in utilizing these materials as new materials for space, aeronautics, and marine applications in the future. The present research was taken up with objectives to elucidate deterioration behavior of composite materials exposed to special environment in the atmosphere and space and to establish methods for acceleration tests and environmental performance evaluation by using simulated environments equivalent to the natural environment exposure. The former period (fiscal 1982 through 1984) has investigated environmental conditions in the atmosphere and space, prepared standard test specimens, performed design on environmental devices simulating the environmental elements, as well as tests on deterioration due to environmental elements, and systematized the deterioration characteristics to establish composite test conditions. The latter period (fiscal 1985 through 1988) has developed the composite environment testing device based on the result achieved in the former period, elucidated the deterioration behavior under the composite environmental conditions, and performed evaluation tests on the developed composite materials (FRP). (NEDO)

Leading survey and research report for fiscal 1999. Survey and research on earthquake disaster prevention technology for industrial machinery system; 1999 nendo sangyo kikai system no taishin bosai gijutsu no chosa kenkyu hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

The current status was investigated of the above technology, and several matters were found to be important, which are the improvement of earthquake-proof performance, safety assessment, early-stage acquisition of information on earthquake, highly aseismic structures, inexpensive seismic isolation devices, prompt restoration, and the security of energy supply and materials transportation just after earthquake. Technologies that have to be developed before earthquake involve active vibration control, constant surveillance, management and maintenance of disaster preventing devices, preparation and updating of disaster-related databases, etc. Technologies need to be developed for real-time disaster control in case of earthquake, which involve instant-start vibration control devices, information gathering, airborne monitoring robots, rescue robots, etc. Also required are technologies for prompt assistance and recovery after earthquake, such as those for the physical soundness related diagnosis and assessment of structures, facilities, and machinery, and for their restoration, remedy, and reinforcement. What is required is the establishment of a comprehensive technology into which all the necessary element technologies are incorporated. Since coordination is necessary with other official projects being implemented in a unified way for an industrial area, this project will be effectively accomplished when it is also treated as an official project. (NEDO)

Report on achievements in fiscal 1998. Development of a high-level storage and management system for industrially useful microorganisms; 1998 nendo sangyo yuyo biseibutsu no kodo hozon kanri system no kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

It is intended to develop a system to guarantee quality of microorganism gene resources and store them for extended periods of time, and develop a system to manage the bioinfomatex thereof. The present research works on improving and developing a long-term storage method. This paper reports the present research in Section 2 on developing a method to avoid living organism resources weak against freezing from frost damage as far as possible. Section 3 describes development of a system to put into order about 100,000 ampoules containing ten thousand kinds of microorganism samples. Section 4 states the result showing usefulness of classification by using gene orientation data for gyrB to control quality of microorganism strains. The Institute for Fermentation preserves about 16,000 strains of living organism resources. A database was structured to control biological information on them by using a computer. Section 5 describes the description thereof. Section 6 reports cases of executing the collection, quality control, and storage operations in the living organism resource storage project performed with Kasetsart University and BIOTEC in Thailand. The section also gives a report on inspecting living organism resource storage organizations in the United States. (NEDO)

FY 2000 Project of developing international standards for supporting new industries. 'Standardization of multicolor measurement'; 2000 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Multicolor no sokushoku no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Described herein are the FY 2000 results of the study on and research and development of the testing methods for tones of anisotropic color materials (multi-colors) for proposing the international standard. USA has proposed the triangle colorimetry, based on the results of the visual tests with metallic paints, which is being incorporated in the ASTM standards. Germany seems to adopt the multi-angle colorimetery in the DIN standards. The FY 2000 efforts are directed to measurement of the reflection characteristics of the metallic and pearl-mica samples by a variable-angle spectrophotometer. The solid color and metallic color are being evaluated by a weather resistance tester QUV and outdoor tests, because of the anticipated different mechanisms by which they are aged. The functional test and analysis are also required to correlate the multi-color measurement results with visual evaluation results, and the preliminary tests are conducted to improve skill of the panelists. (NEDO)

Research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries, 'bio-elements'. Evaluation on the first term research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihtsu 'bio soshi'. Daiikki kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-03-01

Research, development and evaluation were performed in order to establish basic technologies to realize new information processing incorporating high-order functions of living organisms, and bio-elements equipped with high-order functions. In the field of developing technical means to measure directly the information processing function of living organisms, detailed analysis has become possible for the first time on spatial operation of nerve activities by using two-dimensional beam measurement operation on the nerve activities. In the field of aiming at modeling, a system to realize functions effective in terms of engineering was structured by incorporating into the model the functions specific to nervous systems of visual sense and motion. In the field of element technologies, a large progress was seen in the basic technology and evaluation technology such as design and fabrication of molecules added with different functions in the LB membrane. Membranes having simple but different functions such as light beam and scent detection were manufactured, whereas a possibility of having them manifest functions as elements was verified. Furthermore, possibilities were discovered in manufacturing functional membranes by using self-organizing capability as a result of using basic properties possessed by polymers, and in realizing functions simulating plasticity of nerves. These achievements would lead to a belief that the targets of the first term research and development have been achieved nearly completely. (NEDO)

Research and development of basic technologies for next generation industries, 'composite materials'. Evaluation on final research and development (final report); Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu. Fukugo zairyo (saishu kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka 3)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1989-05-01

This paper carries the specifications for advanced composites in the investigation (SACOI), and lists the titles and organizations and persons in charge. The paper describes the specifications for test and measurement methods for each title. The titles are: testing methods of matrix resins for carbon fiber reinforced plastics, measurement method for thermogravimetry and glass transition temperature for the same plastics, measuring methods for specific gravity, fiber and void contents of carbon fiber reinforced plastics, testing methods for tensile properties, compression properties, apparent interlaminar shear strength, tension fatigue, interlaminar fracture toughness, crack propagation, high velocity impact, izod impact, and environmental resistance for the same plastics, evaluation methods for hot-press formability of prepreg, autoclave formability of prepreg for the same plastics, measuring methods for tex count, density, and fiber volume fraction of wire preform, testing methods for tensile strength at room temperature, tensile strength at elevated temperature of wire preform, measuring methods for thermal expansion coefficient, tension properties, compression properties, tensile shear strength, interlaminar shear strength, in-plane shear strength, tensile fatigue, high velocity impact and regular impact of wire preform. (NEDO)

FY 2000 report on research and development of combustion technology utilizing microgravity conditions for fuel diversification; 2000 nendo bisho juryoku kankyo wo riyoshita nenryo tayoka nensho gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

This project is aimed at development of optimum combustion technology with diversified fuels, e.g., naphtha and LCO, for gas turbines and others as power sources for topographical energy supply. The combustion under the microgravity is also investigated using the underground facilities at Japan Microgravity Center. Described herein are the FY 2000 results. For construction of combustion model and simulation, the combustion reactions for various liquid fuels are simplified to calculate ignition delay, adiabatic flame temperature and laminar burning velocity with an error less than about 3%. The microgravity combustion experiments are conducted for spray dispersed into a cylinder, to find flame propagation velocities changing with the vaporization characteristics of liquid fuels, and also to construct the combustion models. The premixed turbulent combustion simulation program is developed using a probability density function and analyzed. Development of new combustion technologies includes the study themes of flame propagation and combustion of the air mixture of the multi-component fuel in which the spray exists, combustion characteristics of the droplets of diversified fuels, and combustion of gas turbines with diversified fuels. A propane/air mixture shows different flame propagation characteristics whether it contains kerosene or LCO droplets. The effects of electrical field intensity in the combustion zone on combustion of fuel droplets are elucidated. (NEDO)

Report of a project for the technical development of the environmental preservation and resource effective utilization system in fiscal 1995; 1995 nendo kankyo hozen shigen yuko riyo system gijutsu kaihatsu jigyo hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

The paper outlined the present situation of industrial waste all over Japan and the present situation of industrial waste of large urban areas where it is most difficult to secure places for the final disposal, and conducted an analysis on the present and future amount of final disposal waste. According to the literature from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, `research report on the discharge/treatment situation of the industrial waste` and `research results of administrative organizations for industrial waste,` the situation of final disposal from the past to the present was outlined and analyzed to study the future trend. Out of the administrative divisions of Japan, four divisions, which are all typically called large urban areas, were selected, and the situation of industrial waste in large urban areas was outlined and analyzed according to the questionnaire survey and the literature on industrial waste obtained from each administrative division. The survey by the Ministry of Health and Welfare indicated that the volume of the industrial waste discharged from the whole country amounted to approximately 400 million tons in fiscal 1992. However, helped by the improving recycling of waste construction materials, the amount of final disposal around 2000 is presumed to be less by 20% or so than that in 1992. 58 refs., 5 tabs.

FY 2000 report on the survey of a potentiality of the environmental harmony type coal utilization system. Dispatch of engineers; 2000 nendo kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kanosei chosa hokokusho. Senmonka haken

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of contributing to improvement in coal utilization technology and environmental conservation in developing countries, a survey project on the dispatch of engineers was carried out, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. The survey was conducted in terms of the operational state of the model project already finished in China, the present state of the model project on the circulating fluidized bed boiler in Indonesia, and the strategy to be worked out for spread of clean coal technology (CCT). In China, it was confirmed that 10 sites where the project had been finished are in a state of the appropriate operation. Further, problems on each model were grasped/analyzed by questionnaire survey. The model project on the circulating fluidized bed boiler in Banyuwangi, Indonesia, has been suspended about three years, affected by the serious economic crisis. Survey was made and advice was given for the state of facility/equipment maintenance so that the facility/equipment can be used at the time of resuming the project. As to the strategy to be worked out for CCT spread, questionnaire survey and hearing were carried out for Japan-side makers. Study/analysis of subjects/important points for the spread were made. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1999 survey report. Survey of environmental effect pertaining to survey for geothermal development and promotion (Hakusuigoe area); 1999 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa no uchi kankyo eikyo chosa (Hakusuigoe chiiki) hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

This survey of environmental effect was intended to grasp actual state concerning some environmental factors that should agree with survey/development and also to assess its effect on the surrounding environment, particularly as a part of the 'stage C' in the 'survey for geothermal development and promotion', which was implemented by the Government for the purpose of guiding geothermal development by enterprises. This report compiles the plan details of the environmental effect survey to be conducted in the Hakusuigoe district, and presents proposals. The survey area is in the north of Makizono-cho, Aira-gun, in Kagoshima prefecture and situated about 3 km west of Onaminoike in Karakunidake, one of the peaks in the Kirishima mountain range. The Ogiri geothermal power plant is in the west of the site, a tourist spot Ebino Heights about 4 km northeast, and the Kirishima hot-spring about 4 km southeast. The location is in the national park, with a part designated as No. 2 and 3 class special areas. The environmental effect survey was divided broadly into such categories as fauna/flora, hot-spring water alteration and inland water, landscape, noise/vibration/subsoil, and air/water, and was further subdivided in accordance with the actual operations. (NEDO)

Fiscal 2000 survey report. Research on laser-aided photolysis of environmental pollutant in liquid phase system; 2000 nendo ekisokei ni okeru kankyo osen busshitsu no laser hikari bunkai gijutsu ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

Experiments were conducted on laser-aided decomposition and removal of chemical substances in liquid phase systems on the assumption that there existed chemical pollutants in wastewater or water after washing burned ash. The aim of the research was to split carbon-chlorine bonds and break benzene rings, the two being the cause of harmfulness, and experiments were conducted using chlorophenol. The photolytic lasers were ArF excimer laser and KrF excimer laser. It was found that the reduction rate of chlorophenol in a water solution under excimer laser irradiation was 1.7 times higher under KrF laser than under ArF laser. For mediums other than water, isopropanol was used, more convenient than chlorophenol in separating organic pollutants from burned ash and the like. In this case, organochlorine compounds were generated at the beginning, but they disappeared when irradiation was prolonged. It was demonstrated that the laser-aided environmental cleaning technology would find a very wide scope of application as an effective photolytic means. (NEDO)

Next-generation coal utilization technology development study. Environmentally-friendly coal combustion technology; O2/CO2 combustion technology; Sekitan riyo jisedai gijutsu kaihatsu chosa. Kankyo chowagata sekitan nensho gijutsu (sanso nensho gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

For the purpose of developing combustion systems in which environmental pollutants are less emitted from coal-fired boilers, conducted in fiscal 1994 were a study of load followability of oxygen producing equipment, and element and basic tests on oxygen combustion systems. Dynamic simulations were made to confirm load followability of low-purity oxygen producing equipment. Further, a test was made on starting time of oxygen producing equipment. As a result of the simulation, favorable load followability was confirmed except for some of the process. The width of variation of the product oxygen purity was {plus_minus} 0.7% at maximum. In the element test on oxygen combustion systems, an experiment on the oxygen combustion using pulverized coal was conducted to study heat collection characteristics of furnace and response to multi-kind of coal. A study of balance of S content, experiments on characteristics of crushing/transporting pulverized coal, etc. were added. There were seen no peculiar differences in CO2 transport and air transport. 216 figs., 31 tabs.

FY1995 high techniques of measuring for sensation, cognition arid behavior in the man-products-environment interface; 1995 nendo seihin kankyo interface ni okeru kankaku ninchi kodo keisoku kodoka ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-03-01

We measure the distribution of activation locus of brain cortex area and its time-sequence against various kinds of stimulus by using the fMRI that can visualize directly brain activities. Next, we try to make a simulation model of the information processing system of brain, and aim at establishment of new evaluation index for environment-human interface based objectively or quantitatively on brain activity data. we challenged to examining quantitatively brain activities by using functional MRI instrumentation technique. We made a effort to acquire functional MRI technique by repetition of pilot studies, and were successful in visualization of visual cortex (primary sensory area). In the latter period, sensory areas whose function had not been studied sufficiently and higher functional areas of brain which related to memory, attention and emotion were studied. The identification of action locus of gustatory area was tried using functional MRI studies. In studies about the ability of spatial attention, experiments elucidating locus participating in space perception and attention and its function were advanced. It was suggested that activation locus of brain was different between a color-form matched stimulus and a mismatched stimulus. The MRI measurement added the information of musculoskeletal system to the current analysis of human body configuration and gesture character, and a more detailed analysis of human body became possible. This is, an useful analysis was suggested by a plan of shoes pattern. (NEDO)

Report on fiscal 1995 project to promote an exchange of researchers on environmental problems in the Asia-Pacific region; 1995 nendo itakujigyo (Asia/Taiheiyo chiiki kankyo mondai kenkyusha koryu sokushin jigyo hokokusho)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

For the purpose of solving environmental problems caused in association with the increasing industrial activities in the Asia-Pacific region, the construction of a research network is being advanced aiming at promoting exchanges with researchers of other countries and activating information exchanges. Investigators were sent overseas to grasp the present situation, and researchers participated in a symposium on the APEC environmental technology cooperation for mutual understanding and personal interchange. In the overseas survey, visits were paid mainly to national research institutes and universities in India and Thailand. Positive approval was obtained on the construction of the ETERNET APR (Environmental Technology Research Network in the Asia-Pacific Region). In the symposium on the APEC environmental technology cooperation held in Nagoya, researchers participated mostly in the second session and made earnest discussions with researchers from other countries. The necessity and importance of the network was emphasized. Countries which participated the symposium have problems common to each, and it was greatly significant to meet together and discuss together. The environmental problem is on a global scale, and it is necessary to make close exchange/interchange of information/opinion on a long term basis and to tackle it in the whole Asia-Pacific region. 3 tabs.

Studies on legal systems and public decision-making process of the environmental protection and natural conservation; Kankyo{center{underscore}dot}shizenhogo no mirai no tameno koukyoteki kettei to sisutemu ni kansuru kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Hayashida, Seimei [Hokkaido University, Hokkaido (Japan). Faculty of Law

1998-12-16

This study have dealt with the issues of how the policies of environmental and natural protection should be shaped in a democratic society, and what the optimal legal systems should be for realizing the policies. We have analyzed these issues from the following three points of view ; the first one is the legal philosophical issues of justice and moral values among individuals and organizations. Secondly, we analyzed the optimal deterrence system of organizations for pollution controls, etc. We studied crimes and illegal conducts by organizations and corporations themselves, and their employees under the principal-agency model. Third, we looked at the legal system itself and the foundations of environmental issues from the legal-philosophical aspect. Fourth, we analyzed how the social decision-makings on the environmental protection were produced, using the public choice theory. (author)

Fiscal 1998 survey for geothermal energy development promotion. Environmental impact survey report (No. B-7 Kuwanosawa region); 1998 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Kankyo eikyo chosa hokokusho (No.B-7 Kuwanosawa chiiki)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-01

This survey aims to learn the current states of environmental factors required for the comprehension of the impacts on surroundings of a structural boring for geothermal energy exploration. The target site is an approximately 10km{sup 2}-large area located among the mountains 20km south-south-east of Yuzawa City, Akita Prefecture. It is found that numerous animals and vegetables inhabit the Kuwanosawa region and its vicinity. They are 19 species of mammals in 10 families under 5 orders; 73 species of birds in 25 families under 10 orders; 6 species of reptiles in 13 families; 9 species of amphibians in 6 families under 2 orders; and 719 species of insects in 179 families under 17 orders. Valuable animals include flying squirrels, mandarin ducks, black salamanders, and small Gifu butterflies. There are 670 species of vegetables in 132 families. Valuable vegetables are Iinuma bulblets, wild rhubarb roots, and Amur adonises. Floras found in existence are a natural flora in the beech class area, compensatory flora in the beech class area, afforested area, and a flora in the crop land. No remarkable fluctuation was observed in the Takamatsu spa throughout the survey period. Fluctuations were observed in all the survey items at the Doroyu-Okuyama inn. (NEDO)

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the technology of accelerated formation of bio-functions (R and D of the technology of creation of novel advanced enzymes); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Kasokugata seibutsu kino kochiku gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu (shingata kokino koso sosei gijutsu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D on creation technique of novel advanced enzymes. In fiscal 1997, a novel mutagenesis technique was developed to obtain more kinds of mutational genes by shuffling between clonal genes as compared with the previous homogeneous recombination. A genotype- and phenotype-linking technology was developed by expressing random motifs (peptide as components of the active site of protein) on bacteria, and by developing a single-motif protein library. Study was made on a selection system for functional molecules of catalytic activities in a gene level, and a selection system for function of signal transduction. Analysis and evaluation study on vitro experimental technology can be efficiently promoted by recognizing the fitness landscape of target protein molecules. As a result, instead of the conventional method which needs several cycles of mutation and screening of 3-4 week/cycle, an efficient method possible to obtain multiple mutants was established. Research work was also promoted by various organizations to develop an accelerated formation technology of bio-functions. 68 refs., 51 figs., 14 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 project on the R and D of industrial scientific technology under consignment from NEDO. Report on the results of the R and D of new software structuring models (R and D of micromachine cooperative control use software); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Shin software kozoka model no kenkyu kaihatsu (bisho kikai kyocho seigyoyo software no kenkyu kaihatsu) seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

A R and D was conducted of software structuring models which ease the development and maintenance of software systems and meet diversification of needs. As for the study of the cooperative control use programming language, a R and D of agent oriented language Flage was carried out for expansion of language function, arrangement of network function, development of exercises, etc. As to the formulation of agent knowledge, proposed were processes to make a program from the specifications, and EVA, a mechanism in response to changes in the specifications of existing programs. In relation to the basic theory of cooperation system, a study was made mainly of object oriented attribute grammar OOAG as a model representing cooperative computation in software process as a rule group. Concerning the study of the situation recognition mechanism, researched were models of communication and reasoning among agents in cooperation. 187 refs., 107 figs., 23 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 R and D project on industrial science and technology under a consignment from NEDO. R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (R and D of the formation of advanced materials for power generation environment); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo Shin energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku. Genshi bunshi kyokugen sosa gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho (hatsuden kankyoyo kokino sozai keisei gijutsu kaihatsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D of the ultimate manipulation technology of atoms and molecules (atom technology). Ten nanoscale Ge islands were successfully formed in proper positions on an Si substrate surface by using mask technology of nanoscale atomic layers. Growth of less-defect ZnSe films on a GaAs(110) surface was possible under various conditions. The magnetic transfer mechanism of Mn oxide with huge reluctance was clarified. Through study on selective-area deposition of Si on plasma-oxidized ultrathin SiO2 mask layers patterned by direct electron-beam exposure and an idea of SiO2/SiNx bilayer mask, direct use of the ultrathin mask layer as insulating layer in device structure was achieved. The superior property as electron beam resist of methano- fullerene composed of fullerene C60 with side chains including oxygen was clarified. The initial oxidation process of an Si(100) surface was analyzed, and the observation result by SREM was theoretically explained. Development of a high-resolution spin polarization electron microscope was also mentioned. 48 refs., 145 figs., 20 tabs.

Fiscal 1997 result of the R and D project of industrial science and technology under consignment from NEDO. R and D of creation technology of original advanced materials (R and D of creation technology of original advanced materials); 1997 nendo sangyo kagaku gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu jigyo (Shin Energy Sangyo Gijutsu Sogo Kaihatsu Kiko itaku). Dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu dokusoteki kokino zairyo sosei gijutsu no kenkyu kaihatsu seika hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

This paper describes R and D of creation technology of original advanced materials in the R and D project of industrial science and technology. Although new material technology is dependent on the needs of a future society, it should correspond to a global environment preservation society, information-oriented society and aging society as observed based on the present social trend, and new materials superior in hot strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, decomposability, photo-function, magnetism, conductivity, bio-copying and adaptability are demanded. This project is in promotion since fiscal 1996 to develop formation technology of high-performance advanced new materials by precise molecular control of structure and production process of organic polymers and molecular assemblies. The research started on 4 themes such as advanced stimulus-response material, precision catalytic polymerization, condensed system structure control and multi-dimensional polymer structure. The research on molecule harmonizing material was added in fiscal 1997. In fiscal 1997, the general committee discussed a progress situation and next year research plan, and surveyed an overseas technology trend. 1 fig.

Research and development of basic technologies for next generation industries, 'high crystalline polymeric material'. Evaluation on second term research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu. Kokesshosei kobunshi zairyo (dainiki kenkyu kaihatsu kenkyu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-03-01

This research and development is intended to establish a basic technology related to high crystalline polymeric material that has dynamic properties comparable to metallic materials by single polymeric material as a structural material. Thick and large high-elasticity molded forms were obtained by searching poly-arylate material, and by developing such processing technologies as high-pressure injection molding, composite injection molding, and elongation fluidity molding. High-elasticity molded forms with uniform internal orientation were obtained by heating and molding liquid crystal polymers under high magnetic field. Solution molding was performed on a molecular composite consisting of rigid chains and soft chains, which was laminated and bonded to have obtained an isotropic form with as high elasticity as 54 GPa. In addition, high pressure powder formation of cross-linked polymers of di-acetylene system provided an isotropic form with sound wave elasticity of 23 GPa.

Research and development of basic technologies for next generation industries, 'electrically conductive polymeric material'. Evaluation on second term research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu. Dodensei kobunshi zairyo (dainiki kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1988-03-01

The research and development in the second term included development of raw materials, elucidation of electricity conduction mechanism, and development of methods to improve stability and a new processing method. Crystals of a large number of charge migrating complexes were grown to elucidate their electron properties and structures. A theoretical model was structured for the superconduction mechanism in the charge migrating complexes. Poly-p-phenylene vinylene-based polymers achieved {sigma}=1.1 times 10{sup 4}s/cm as a result of extension of soluble reaction intermediates. Poly-2, 5-phenylene vinylene doped with FeCl{sub 3} retained 10{sup 3}s/m for 165 days in nitrogen. Polypyrrole achieved 3.0 times 10{sup 3}s/cm in constant potential electrolytically oxidizing polymerization and extension at low temperatures. Polypyrrole doped with ClO{sub 4}{sup -} retained electric conductivity of 85% for 400 days in nitrogen. Electric conductivity of higher than 10{sup 5}s/cm was obtained by applying different kinds of doping into thin film and fiber formed graphite. The world's highest conductivity of 9 times 10{sup 5}s/cm was achieved particularly with discharge laminated and polymerized graphite doped with AsF{sub 5}. (NEDO)

Report for fiscal 1998 on commissioned operation for research cooperation related to simplified purification system for industrial waste water; 1998 nendo sangyo haisui nado no kan'i joka system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

With an objective to serve for environmental preservation in developing countries, joint researches have been performed on anaerobic waste water treatment systems utilizing bio-technology. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1998. This fiscal year has performed the bench scale test and the operation research of an anaerobic waste water treatment pilot plant jointly with the Standards and Industrial Research Institute in Malaysia on waste waters from the vegetable fat and oil chemical industry. In the bench scale test, data were collected on the oil removing effect of the pressurization and flotation treatment, and the characteristics of the anaerobic treatment. Operation research was performed in the pilot plant by using the anaerobic waste water treatment plant and the aerobic treatment facility. In addition, a feasibility study was carried out to evaluate an optimal treatment system. Furthermore, three researchers were received from Malaysia to whom lectures were given on the Japanese anaerobic treatment technologies, and visits and operation training on the waste water treatment facilities. (NEDO)

Report for fiscal 1994 on commissioned operation for research cooperation related to simplified purification system for industrial waste water; 1994 nendo sangyo haisui nado no kan'i joka system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku hokokusho

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-03-01

With an objective to serve for environmental preservation in developing countries, joint researches have been performed on anaerobic waste water treatment systems utilizing bio-technology. This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 1994. In the research cooperation with Thailand, a reactor applicability test was performed by using a pilot plant to determine the operating conditions, and necessary data were obtained. The pilot plant was completed of installation in November. In the research cooperation with Indonesia, Tofu manufacturing waste water was selected as the object of pilot plant research. In the detailed design the Tofu manufacturing waste water shall be treated anaerobically, and the kitchen waste water shall be treated aerobically to acquire the intended water quality. In the research cooperation with Malaysia, as a result of visiting six industries and 22 factories for investigation, waste waters from chemical and foodstuff factories were selected as the object waste waters for the research. Three researchers from Thailand and Indonesia respectively were received in Japan to provide education including experimental training and visits to waste water treatment facilities. (NEDO)

Research and development of basic technologies for the next generation industries, 'recombinant DNA utilizing technology'. Evaluation on the research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu 'kumikae DNA riyo gijutsu'. Kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1991-03-01

Research, development and evaluation were performed with an objective of establishing the basic technology related to the recombinant DNA utilizing technology to create new microorganisms for processes in the chemical industry. The major achievements of the present research and development include establishment of the P450 gene manifestation system attributed from microsomes and mitochondria, and the success of the world's first simultaneous manifestation of P450 and reduction enzyme. Furthermore, the fused enzyme combining P450 and the reduction enzyme genetically was successfully manufactured ahead of the other countries, opening the way to industrializing the recombinant enzymes for use in bio-processes in the chemical industry. In creating a high-efficiency secretion recombinant bacillus subtilis stock, a bacillus subtilis host whose protease activity has been noticeably decreased was created. As an achievement of the research on the 'basic recombinant DNA technology', high-efficiency manifestation vector of medium level thermophile was created, and its usefulness was demonstrated. In addition, a host and vector system for high level thermophile was developed for the first time in the world. These achievements have opened the way to industrial utilization of the thermophilic bacteria. (NEDO)

Research and development of basic technologies for next generation industries, 'electrically conductive polymeric material'. Evaluation on first term research and development; Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu. Dodensei kobunshi zairyo (daiikki kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1985-03-30

The research and development in the first term has searched widely different kinds of raw materials, elucidated electricity conduction mechanism, discussed processing technologies and evaluation methods. It also included molecule designing to develop new raw materials. A method for growing good single crystals of charge migrating complexes was developed, and (BEDT-TTF){sub 2}I{sub 3} crystals were found to manifest superconductivity at 8K under pressure of 1.3 kbar. In addition, elucidation was made on conduction characteristics of (TMTSF){sub 2}ClO{sub 4} being an induction superconductor, and on its superconduction mechanism. Polyacetylene films oriented at a high level by epitaxial polymerization were synthesized, the carrier hopping mechanism of polyacetylene was proposed, and the direction of increasing the conductivity was shown. It was discovered that cyanoacetylene is thermally polymerized at a relatively low temperature, turning into polymer with good orientation and easily into graphite. Polymeric intermediates soluble to polyparaphenylene vinylene (PPV) were synthesized, whereas these intermediates were found to have shaping and stretching properties, and conductivity of 2.8 times 10{sup 3}s/cm was obtained in PPV doped after the stretching. (NEDO)

Rising economy of China and its effects on the industrial technology of Japan and other Asian countries. Chugoku no hatten to henbosuru Asia no sangyo gijutsu chizu (henkaku wo semarareru seisan gijutsu taikoku Nippon)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Otani, H [JGC Corp., Tokyo (Japan)

1994-03-05

Due to the rapid economy growth and industry development in China, the map of industry and economy in Asian countries has been greatly changing. The technology, which has supported Japan's industrial development, is characterized by the improvements of original technologies introduced from Europe and the United States. On the other hand, Korea has problems of creating the original and individual production technology and its basis. The industrial technology in China at present has problems which are accompanied with the conversion from the planned economy system to the market economy system. However, Chinese people having a tradition of 'link of three parts' seem to understand the Japanese style management policy well. Japan has played a role as 'world's center of manufacturing' by using its excellent production technology. In the future, China is considered to play a role as the 'world's center of manufacturing,' due to its huge domestic market, cheap and rich manpower, and excellent potential capacity of industrial technology. In Japan, it is emphasized that an industrial society system should be reconstructed, in which excellent individuality and talent can be made good use of. 6 refs., 1 fig.

FY 1998 geothermal development promotion survey. Report on the environmental effect survey (No. A-4 Kunbetsu-dake area); 1998 nendo chinetsu kaihatsu sokushin chosa. Kankyo eikyo chosa hokokusho (No.A-4 Kunbetsudake chiiki)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-09-30

Of the FY 1998 geothermal development promotion survey, the primary environmental effect survey in the Kunbetsu-dake area was conducted, and the results were arranged. In the well drilling survey, etc., the survey was made aiming at extracting areas to be preserved from an environmental aspect. The results of the survey were summarized as follows: As to the mammalia, 12 families 46 species were confirmed in the area surveyed and the periphery by literature survey. Out of them, the noticeable species which are considered important from an academic viewpoint are 10 families 19 species. As to the aves, 55 families 340 species were confirmed, of which 29 families 79 species are noticeable species. About the amphibia/reptilia, 3 families 3 species in the amphibia and 4 families 6 species in the reptilia were confirmed by literature and hearing survey. The noticeable species is 1 family 1 species in the amphilia. Concerning the terrestrial insecta, 135 families 873 species were confirmed, and the noticeable species is 11 families 20 species. As to the flora, 115 families 1055 species were confirmed, and the noticeable species is 46 families 126 species. Relating to the living vegetation, the one higher than 9 in nature reserves shows a substantial rate, and the periphery of Kaibetsu-dake is designated as the specified flora colony. (NEDO)

FY 2000 project on the research cooperation for the environmental response type water resource effective utilization system; 2000 nendo kenkyu kyoryoku jigyo. Kankyo taiogata mizu shigen yuko riyo system ni kansuru kenkyu kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-03-01

For the purpose of prevention of water pollution, stable water supply in the Philippines, etc., developmental study was made of a waste water treatment/water recycling system, and the FY 2000 results were summed up. In the operational study of Pilot Plant 1, for the waste water in the papermaking process of used paper recycling plant, development was studied of a waste water treatment/water recycling system. There occurred problems on minuteness, outflow, etc. of anaerobic granules, but those were caused by malfunction of SS removal equipment at plant side. The problems were solved by increasing flocculation/precipitation facilities. As to Pilot Plant 2 of which the R and D are planned to be started in April 2001, the food processing plant was surveyed for study, and SYSCORE was selected. Relating to the waste water treatment test of Pilot Plant 2, researchers of the Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) of the Philippines conducted it under the guidance of the experimental data analysis. Besides, the paper carried out the training for technology spread/acceptance, technology spread seminar, support study in Japan, etc. (NEDO)

Joint verification project on environmentally friendly coal utilization systems. Joint verification project on the water-saving coal preparation system; Kankyo chowagata sekitan riyo system kyodo jissho jigyo. Shosuigata sentan system kyodo jissho jigyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1995-09-01

In this verification project, clean technology which should be spread in China was verified and the base structure for its spread was prepared for the purpose of controlling emissions of environmental pollutants associated with the coal utilization in China and of contributing to secure energy acquisition of Japan. As joint verification projects, a general rehabilitation type coal preparation system was installed in the Wangfenggang coal preparation plant, and a central control coal preparation system was installed in the Qingtan coal preparation plant. In the former, a system is verified in which optimum operation, water-saving, high quality, and heightening of efficiency can be obtained by introducing two computing systems for operation control and quality control, various measuring instruments, and analyzers to coal preparation plants where analog operation is conducted helped by Russia and Porland and have problems about quality control. In the latter, a central control system achieving water saving is verified by introducing rapid ash meters, scales, desitometers and computers to coal preparation plants having zigzag or heavy-fluid cyclon and connecting various kinds of information through network. For fiscal 1994, investigation and study were conducted. 51 figs., 9 tabs.

Energy and power source mix in East Asia. Restrictions on resource, fund and environment and the future prospect; Higashi Asia no energy dengen mix. Shigen shikin kankyo no seiyaku to kongo no tenbo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1997-07-01

In Asian countries, the economic growth rate is extremely higher as compared with the world average, and accordingly a large growth in energy supply/demand and electric power supply/demand is paid attention to. Besides, at users` side, a fear is the worsening of the environmental problem which is brought about by a rapid increase in energy consumption. At suppliers` side, introduction/expansion of a large amount of foreign funds for rapid promotion of power source development become necessary so that supplying facilities catch up with the growth in demand. Moreover, dependence of the supply upon outside the area is becoming higher, and problems in safety guarantee are also becoming prominent. As for energy/power source mix in East Asian countries, the stable supply is basically considered as most important, and economical efficiency is also important including competition conditions among energies and potential raising of investment in supplying facilities. It is no exaggeration to say that the increase in the rate of coal which occupies most of the primary energy supply/power source in East Asian countries depends upon the progress of environmental harmony technology such as clean coal technology. 39 figs., 132 tabs.

Reduction of energy essential to human life by 70%. Environment-friendly residence `ED-1` utilizing the sunlight effectively; Seikatsu ni hitsuyona energy no 70% sakugen. Taiyoko riyo no kankyo kyosei jutaku ED-1

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-09-01

This paper presents the environment-friendly residence `ED-1` utilizing the sunlight effectively. ED-1 of 97m{sup 2} in first floor area and 81m{sup 2} in second one has, on its roof, the photovoltaic power generation system, the solar hot water collector which supplies hot water by circulating heated antifreezing solution into a hot storage tank, and the solar hot wind collector which largely contributes to energy saving together with a hot room named an S unit on the first floor. The small S unit faced toward the south adjacent to a dining room is made of timber and thermal insulation glass. The S unit stores heat in a floor by taking the sunlight into a room in winter, while enhances a heating effect by discharging stored heat in nighttime. In some cases, duct circulation of heated wind is possible. Solar radiation of 90% can be removed by outside glass fiber screen of the S unit together with double glazing coated by special metal film. Roof material is superior in heat insulation, air tightness and energy saving, while floor material in sound insulation and heat storage. The target for reducing energy essential to human life by 70% was thus nearly achieved. 1 fig.

FY 1997 report on the research for construction of NEDO`s vision. Regional environment and international collaboration; 1997 nendo chosa hokokusho (NEDO vision sakutei ni muketa chosa kenkyu). Chiiki kankyo to kokusai kyoryoku

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1998-03-01

It is necessary for NEDO to transfer the energy technology to developing countries and conduct collaborations with them efficiently. First of all, environments of the community were analyzed from a viewpoint of natural environment, social and cultural environment, and industrial and economic environment. Then, this report outlines the organizations of domestic and international aid agencies which have potentials to conduct alliance and collaboration with NEDO, and also illustrates their activities including financing and technology exchange, regional activities, and progress of activities. Alliances and collaborations with NGOs of each international organization were analyzed on the aspect of the fields and know-how of alliance with NGOs, selection standards of NGOs and necessary systems and organizations to make effective alliance and collaboration with NGOs, and some case studies were taken. Organization, purposes and activities of NGOs in Asian countries are introduced, and their current situations are illustrated. Finally, some proposals were offered to make alliances and collaborations with aid agencies and NGOs. They are concerned about the fields and know-how of alliance with NGOs, selection standards of NGOs and necessary systems and organizations to make effective alliance and collaboration with NGOs. 44 figs., 8 tabs.

Characteristic analysis of methane-gas generation by oxidizing heat of stored coal and hold ventilation control; Sekitan unpansen ni okeru sanka hatsunetsu ni yoru methane gas hassei to sonai kankyo seigyo ni tsuite

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Fukuchi, N; Nakashima, T [Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka (Japan); Kudo, S

1999-12-31

A demand of coal shows the tendency in the increase worldwide, with this, the marine transportation of the coal gradually increases, and the collier has also enlarged. The traffic pattern of coal is mainly the bulk transportation. In this transportation system, by the oxidation exothermic reaction of the coal, methane gas is produced, simultaneously the coal quality such as coking property or heat quantity is decreased and sometimes spontaneous ignition is caused. Therefore, it is necessary to equip with a ventilator to control the concentration of methane gas and to avoid the self heating of the coal. In this study, the quantity of methane-gas produced by heating coal using an electric furnace was measured and the experiment to investigate the temperature dependency of the methane-gas generated from the coal was conducted. By using the result of the measurement, the quantity of methane-gas produced from the coal stored in the hold of a coal cargo was estimated. And, the mathematical analyses on the changing degree depend on the times of a temperature in the hold under navigation, a concentration of oxygen and a concentration of methane-gas, were conducted. 11 refs., 19 figs., 2 tabs.

Leading research report for fiscal 1998. Research and study of ozone-aided technologies for creating amenity-rich environments; 1998 nendo sendo chosa kenkyu hokokusho. Ozon riyo kaiteki kankyo sozo gijutsu no chosa kenkyu

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-03-01

Researches were conducted aiming at the establishment of an ozone-aided highly efficient decomposition process for the persistent organic matters in municipal sewage and industrial wastewater. Tested for verification were advanced water treatment technologies of the biological function acceleration type and the effect of their combination with the accelerated oxidation method, conditions necessary for efficient operation, and water treatment apparatuses and systems for operating them at high efficiency. Some findings are stated below. With an ozone-aided process performed at the first stage of biological treatment, biological decomposition is accelerated for a rise in the persistent organic matter decomposition rate. This is nothing but a finding in the laboratory, however, and much remains to be disclosed concerning the optimum conditions, reforming of sludge to be generated, volume reduction of the same, etc. Another finding involves the acceleration of decomposition of persistent organic matters using ozone in combination with hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet radiation, titanium oxide, and the like. There still remain numerous tasks to carry out, however, which relate to the investigation of the reaction mechanism, establishment of operating conditions and criteria for selecting oxidants, etc. As for ozone, remaining to be solved are the problems of generation cost, storage and preservation, and safety. (NEDO)

Life cycle assessment of supercharger for automotive use. Small displacement, high charging pressure engine and environmental load; Jidosha tosaiyo supercharger no life cycle assessment (LCA hyoka). Shohaikiryo kokakyu engine no kankyo eno yasashisa

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

Takabe, S; Sonoya, T; Hara, M [Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo (Japan)

1997-10-01

In resent years environmental conservation requires low fuel consumption and low emission engine. And environmental load of every car life stage (production, using, abolition) is considered. Life Cycle Assessment of supercharging small displacement engine is reported, compared with natural aspirated engine as same maximum torque and maximum power as supercharging engine. 6 refs., 8 figs., 3 tabs.

Fiscal 1993 international research cooperation project. Feasibility study of finding out the seeds of international joint research (technology for environmental preservation using biotechnology, technology for effective use of unused hydrocarbon resource, technology for development of environmental harmony type catalyst); 1995 nendo kokusai kyoryoku jigyo. Kokusai kyodo kenkyu seeds hakkutsu no tame no FS chosa (biotechnology ni yoru kankyo taisaku gijutsu, miriyo tanka suiso shigen no yuko riyo gijutsu, kankyo chowagata shokubai kaihatsu gijutsu)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1996-03-01

This project is aimed at internationally cooperating in the R and D of industrial technology and improving industrial technology of Japan. For it, the following three technologies were investigated: 1) environmental preservation technology using biotechnology, 2) technology for effective use of unused hydrocarbon resource, 3) technology for development of environmental harmony type catalyst. In 1), a survey was conducted of applicability of biological surfactant to prevention measures of pollution by heavy distillate. It showed that part of the biological surfactants is reaching a stage of its being industrially produced by gene recombination bacteria, but as a whole, biosynthetic genes have hardly been elucidated. In 2), a survey of high-grade treatment technology of petroleum coke was made. It pointed out that it is necessary to develop a technology which makes the most of features of petroleum coke and allows defects. In 3), scientists and engineers of Japan and Europe searched for themes on which they can jointly study in the fields of NOx removal catalyst, up-grading of fuel, and development of catalyst combustion of fuel. 287 refs., 136 figs., 128 tabs.

Research and development of basic technologies for next generation industries, 'composite materials'. Evaluation on final research and development (final report); Jisedai sangyo kiban gijutsu kenkyu kaihatsu. Fukugo zairyo (saishu kenkyu kaihatsu hyoka 3)

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1989-05-01

This paper carries the specifications for advanced composites in the investigation (SACOI), and lists the titles and organizations and persons in charge. The paper describes the specifications for test and measurement methods for each title. The titles are: testing methods of matrix resins for carbon fiber reinforced plastics, measurement method for thermogravimetry and glass transition temperature for the same plastics, measuring methods for specific gravity, fiber and void contents of carbon fiber reinforced plastics, testing methods for tensile properties, compression properties, apparent interlaminar shear strength, tension fatigue, interlaminar fracture toughness, crack propagation, high velocity impact, izod impact, and environmental resistance for the same plastics, evaluation methods for hot-press formability of prepreg, autoclave formability of prepreg for the same plastics, measuring methods for tex count, density, and fiber volume fraction of wire preform, testing methods for tensile strength at room temperature, tensile strength at elevated temperature of wire preform, measuring methods for thermal expansion coefficient, tension properties, compression properties, tensile shear strength, interlaminar shear strength, in-plane shear strength, tensile fatigue, high velocity impact and regular impact of wire preform. (NEDO)

Joint research achievement report on field test project for photovoltaic power generation of industrial use in fiscal 2000 (5/5); 2000 nendo sangyo tou you taiyokohatsuden field test jigyo kyodo kenkyu seika hokokusho 5/5

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2001-05-01

This paper summarizes the achievements in fiscal 2000 on the field tests for photovoltaic power generation of industrial use. This report describes the details of the achievements on the following organizations: the Hiroshima Riverside Hotel; the Saraya Corporation; the Nanshin Subaru Corporation; the Ricoh Uni-techno Corporation; Toyota Motors Kyushu Corporation (Eco-center); Hitachi Electric Wires; Yuasa Corporation, Furukawa City in Ibaraki Prefecture; the Takasaki Branch Office of East Japan Passenger Railways; the World Trade Center Building, the Minami Trading Company, Onga Township in Fukuoka Prefecture; the Keio Electric Railways (Wakabadai Station); the Business Enterprise Bureau of Kyoto Prefectural Government; Okinawa Electric Power (Kita-Daito Island), Kawagoe Township in Mie Prefecture, the Keio Electric Railways (Meidai-mae Station); Kitakata Township in Gifu Prefecture; the Yamaguchi Prefectural Government; the MSK Corporation; the Fuji Pream Corporation; Kumano Township in Hiroshima Prefecture; Fukuroi City in Shizuoka Prefecture; the Water Supply Bureau of Yokohama Municipality in Kanagawa Prefecture; Ashiya City in Hyogo Prefecture; Shinoyama City in Hyogo Prefecture; the Gantan Beauty Industry; the Toyokuni Industry; and Minoo City in Osaka Prefecture. (NEDO)

FY 1999 project on the development of new industry support type international standards. Standardization of color management; 1999 nendo shinki sangyo shiengata kokusai hyojun kaihatsu jigyo seika hokokusho. Iro saigen kanri (color management) no hyojunka

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

2000-03-01

For the purpose of eliminating variations in color reproduction in multi-media output devices, study was conducted of making a standard plan for color information equipment as hardware and for the software to determine the characteristics, and the FY 1999 results were summarized. As to the standardization of color control in input/output devices, characteristic dependency of color printer under environmental conditions such as ambient temperature/humidity was determined. And to integrate it into the ICC profile, the profile was expanded. Concerning the standardization of multi-spectrum color image description format, non-linear spectral characteristics were investigated which are dependent on types of light sources, light intensity and geometric conditions. In relation to the standardization of psychological color reproduction, the scope of the experiment using examinee was expanded, and the study was so conducted that the standard image for skin color evaluation use can be recognized as the one that has statistical accuracy. A sequence method which is more simple and more effective was established. In the discussions of the proposed international standards, studies were carried out of the electronic still camera color characteristics measurement and the color space ISO RGB. (NEDO)

Achievement report for fiscal 1998 on joint research business (2/2). Photovoltaic power generation field test for industrial purposes; 1998 nendo sangyo nadoyo taiyoko hatsuden field test jigyo (2/2). Kyodo kenkyu gyomu seika hokokushyo

Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

NONE

1999-07-01

Solar cell systems are installed on the roofs of facilities at various locations, and verification tests are conducted for usability and safety they will exhibit after prolonged operation under real loads, and this project aims at the popularization of photovoltaic systems. At Children's Ferrite and Science Museum of Nikaho Town, Akita Prefecture, a 20kW solar cell system is installed on the rooftop, and a 20kW inverter in the machine house. The power obtained is connected in a high-voltage interconnection to electric facilities in the museum, and supplied to in-house power facilities, illuminating systems, and air-conditioning equipment. Operation-related data are recorded in a data recording unit. Similar facilities are installed at corporations and institutions such as WAIDA Works, Kuriyama Shop, Nikko Building, Kiya Works, Aichi Prefectural Tobishima Junior High School, Gunma Prefectural Niisato Hall of Commerce and Industry, Ube Techno-Enji Corporation, Tezukayama Gakuin University, Kinki Kensetsu K.K., Takaoka Electric Manufacturing Company, Aichi Prefectural Incorporated Educational Institution Miura Gakuen, Asaguchi Taxi Company, Family Mart, etc., and field tests are under way for them. (NEDO)