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Sample records for cerebrovascular hospital militar

  1. In-hospital Mortality from Cerebrovascular Disease in the Province of Cienfuegos

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    Ada Sánchez Lozano

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Background: cerebrovascular disease is the second leading cause of death in some countries, causing 10 million annual deaths. In-hospital mortality from these diseases is high in our country. Objective: to describe mortality from cerebrovascular disease at the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima University General Hospital in Cienfuegos during 2006-2010. Methods: a retrospective case series study involving all patients (4449 diagnosed with cerebrovascular disease discharged from the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima University General Hospital from January 1st, 2006 to December 31, 2010 was conducted. The variables analyzed included age, sex, status at discharge, types of cerebrovascular disease and hospital stay. Results: in-hospital mortality from cerebrovascular disease in the study period was 23.8 %. It was higher in men than in women (24.5 % and 22.9 %, respectively. According to the type of cerebrovascular disease, mortality rate of ischemic stroke was 20 %, subarachnoid hemorrhage, 22.4 % and intraparenchymal hemorrhage, 71.2 %. Conclusions: in-hospital mortality from cerebrovascular disease in Cienfuegos shows a downward trend, though it increased in 2010. It was more common in men. Death from stroke tends to decrease and, to a lesser extent, mortality due to brain hemorrhage, which remains high. There is also an increase in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

  2. In-hospital cerebrovascular complications following orthotopic liver transplantation: A retrospective study

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    Liang Zhijian

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Cerebrovascular complications are severe events following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT. This study aimed to observe the clinical and neuroimaging features and possible risk factors of in-hospital cerebrovascular complications in the patients who underwent OLT. Patients and methods We retrospectively reviewed 337 consecutive patients who underwent 358 OLTs. Cerebrovascular complications were determined by clinical and neuroimaging manifestations, and the possible risk factors were analyzed in the patients with intracranial hemorrhage. Results Ten of 337 (3.0% patients developed in-hospital cerebrovascular complications (8 cases experienced intracranial hemorrhage and 2 cases had cerebral infarction, and 6 of them died. The clinical presentations were similar to common stroke, but with rapid deterioration at early stage. The hematomas on brain CT scan were massive, irregular, multifocal and diffuse, and most of them were located at brain lobes and might enlarge or rebleed. Infarcts presented lacunar and multifocal lesions in basal gangliar but with possible hemorrhagic transformation. The patients with intracranial hemorrhage had older age and a more frequency of systemic infection than non-intracranial hemorrhage patients. (P = 0.011 and 0.029, respectively. Conclusion Posttransplant cerebrovascular complications have severe impact on outcome of the patients who received OLT. Older age and systemic infection may be the possible risk factors of in-hospital intracranial hemorrhage following OLT.

  3. Increased Prevalence of Cerebrovascular Disease in Hospitalized Patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.

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    Kim, Sarasa T; Cloft, Harry; Flemming, Kelly D; Kallmes, David F; Lanzino, Giuseppe; Brinjikji, Waleed

    2017-08-01

    Small studies have suggested that Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is associated with a number of cerebrovascular complications. We sought to determine whether a clinical diagnosis of EDS is associated with a higher prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases than the general population by performing a case-control study of hospitalized patients in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Using the 2000-2012 NIS, we performed a case-control study matching cases of EDS to controls without such a diagnosis. The prevalence of various cerebrovascular diseases between the 2 groups was compared, and multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for suspected comorbidities. Between 2000 and 2012, there were a total of 9067 discharges carrying a diagnosis of EDS. On univariate analysis, patients with EDS were more likely to be hospitalized for carotid dissection (.2% versus .01%, odds ratio [OR] = 18.0, confidence interval [CI] = 2.41-135.12, P < .0001), vertebral dissection (.1% versus 0%, P = .008), cervical artery aneurysm (.1% versus .01%, OR = 9.01, CI = 1.14-71.11, P < .0001), cerebral aneurysm (.4% versus .09%, OR = 4.89, CI = 2.28-10.47, P < .0001), and cerebrovascular malformation (.1% versus .02%, OR = 5, CI = 1.10-22.85, P = .021), compared to the controls. On multivariate analysis adjusted for age, race, and comorbidities, EDS patients had significantly higher odds of carotid dissection (OR = 15.02, CI = 3.08-270.87, P < .0001), vertebral dissection (OR = 2406539.5, P = .0037), cervical artery aneurysm (OR = 11.75, CI = 2.11-220.71, P = .0026), cerebral aneurysm (OR = 5.59, CI = 2.69-13.18, P < .0001), and cerebrovascular malformation (OR = 4.67, CI = 1.20-30.87, P = .0243). Carotid and vertebral dissections, cervical and cerebral aneurysms, as well as other cerebrovascular malformations are more common in hospitalized patients with EDS compared to controls

  4. Lineamientos de un plan estratégico para el mejoramiento de la calidad del servicio brindado en el Hospital Militar Central de Lima

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    Cabrera Rioja, Luis Alberto

    2007-01-01

    El presente estudio, realizado en el Hospital Militar Central (HMC) de Lima, está dirigido al diseño de los lineamientos de un plan estratégico que permita formular la misión y visión del HMC, analizar el entorno e intorno organizacional y formular objetivos estratégicos orientados al mejoramiento continuo de la calidad del servicio. A fin de superar las dificultades económicas, logísticas y de personal que afronta actualmente el Hospital Militar Central, debido a los recortes presupuestales ...

  5. Association between Smokefree Legislation and Hospitalizations for Cardiac, Cerebrovascular and Respiratory Diseases: A Meta-Analysis

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    Tan, Crystal E.; Glantz, Stanton A.

    2012-01-01

    Background Secondhand smoke causes cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Smokefree legislation is associated with a lower risk of hospitalization and death from these diseases. Methods and Results Random effects meta-analysis was conducted by law comprehensiveness to determine the relationship between smokefree legislation and hospital admission or death from cardiac, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases. Studies were identified using a systematic search for studies published before November 30, 2011 using Science Citation Index, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase and references in identified papers. Change in hospital admissions (or deaths) in the presence of a smokefree law, duration of follow-up, and law comprehensiveness (workplaces only; workplaces and restaurants; or workplaces, restaurants, and bars) were recorded. Forty-five studies of 33 smokefree laws with median follow-up of 24 months (range 2–57 months) were included. Comprehensive smokefree legislation was associated with significantly lower rates of hospital admissions (or deaths) for all 4 diagnostic groups: coronary events (RR .848, 95% CI .816–.881), other heart disease (RR .610, 95% CI .440–.847), cerebrovascular accidents (RR .840, 95% CI .753–.936), and respiratory disease (RR .760, 95% CI .682–.846). The difference in risk following comprehensive smokefree laws does not change with longer follow-up. More comprehensive laws were associated with larger changes in risk. Conclusions Smokefree legislation was associated with a lower risk of smoking-related cardiac, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases, with more comprehensive laws associated with greater changes in risk. PMID:23109514

  6. Increased Prevalence of Cerebrovascular Disease in Hospitalized Patients with Marfan Syndrome.

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    Kim, Sarasa T; Cloft, Harry; Flemming, Kelly D; Kallmes, David F; Lanzino, Giuseppe; Brinjikji, Waleed

    2018-02-01

    Small studies have suggested that Marfan syndrome is associated with a number of cerebrovascular complications. We sought to determine whether a clinical diagnosis of Marfan syndrome is associated with a higher prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases than the general population by performing a case-control study of hospitalized patients in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Using the 2000-2012 NIS, we performed a case-control study matching cases of Marfan syndrome to controls without such a diagnosis. The prevalence of various cerebrovascular diseases between the 2 groups were compared, and multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for suspected comorbidities. Between 2000 and 2012, there were a total of 13,883 discharges carrying a diagnosis of Marfan syndrome. On univariate analysis, patients with Marfan syndrome were more likely to have a primary or secondary diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke (0.5% versus 0.3%, odds ratio [OR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-2.29, P = 0.02) as well as intracranial hemorrhage (subarachnoid hemorrhage [SAH] and hemorrhagic stroke) (0.3% versus 0.2%, OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.05-2.82, P = 0.03). Patients hospitalized with Marfan syndrome were significantly more likely to have carotid dissection (0.3% versus 0.0%, OR = 11.69, 95% CI = 3.60-38.08, P Marfan syndrome had significantly higher odds of ischemic stroke (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.02-1.43, P = 0.03), hemorrhagic stroke (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.18-2.63, P = 0.005), carotid artery dissection (OR = 11.94, 95% CI = 4.23-50.03, P Marfan syndrome when compared with controls. Copyright © 2018 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  7. Research on the influence factors of the fall efficiency of the hospitalized geriatric patients with cerebrovascular diseases.

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    Li, Weili; Cheng, Ruilian

    2016-11-01

    To investigate the fall efficiency and its influence factors of the hospitalized geriatric patients with cerebrovascular diseases. The Modified Fall Efficacy Scale (MFES), Morse Fall Risk Assessment Scales (MFS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Tinetti Gait Analysis (TGA) were adopted and the combined ways of questionnaires and observation were utilized to investigate the 113 hospitalized geriatric patients with cerebrovascular diseases. The fall efficiency of the geriatric patients with cerebrovascular diseases were 7.85±2.57 scores. The two projects "walking up and down stairs" and "taking public transport means" have got the lowest scores; The two projects "stretching out the hand to the box or the drawer for taking something" and "sitting up and down to the chair" have got the highest scores. It was found that there were three factors which had significant influences on the fall efficiency, they were myodynamia of the right upper extremity, Berg balance functions and gait. For the sake of helping the geriatric patients with cerebrovascular diseases to establish the self-confidence of preventing the falls, the medical workers need to take further psychological counseling for the patients and befittingly and specifically to improve the fall efficiency of patients so as to effectively prevent the occurring of the fall on the basis of improving the balance ability and gait of patients.

  8. Association between smoke-free legislation and hospitalizations for cardiac, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases: a meta-analysis.

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    Tan, Crystal E; Glantz, Stanton A

    2012-10-30

    Secondhand smoke causes cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Smoke-free legislation is associated with a lower risk of hospitalization and death from these diseases. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted by law comprehensiveness to determine the relationship between smoke-free legislation and hospital admission or death from cardiac, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases. Studies were identified by using a systematic search for studies published before November 30, 2011 with the use of the Science Citation Index, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase and references in identified articles. Change in hospital admissions (or deaths) in the presence of a smoke-free law, duration of follow-up, and law comprehensiveness (workplaces only; workplaces and restaurants; or workplaces, restaurants, and bars) were recorded. Forty-five studies of 33 smoke-free laws with median follow-up of 24 months (range, 2-57 months) were included. Comprehensive smoke-free legislation was associated with significantly lower rates of hospital admissions (or deaths) for all 4 diagnostic groups: coronary events (relative risk, 0.848; 95% confidence interval 0.816-0.881), other heart disease (relative risk, 0.610; 95% confidence interval, 0.440-0.847), cerebrovascular accidents (relative risk, 0.840; 95% confidence interval, 0.753-0.936), and respiratory disease (relative risk, 0.760; 95% confidence interval, 0.682-0.846). The difference in risk following comprehensive smoke-free laws does not change with longer follow-up. More comprehensive laws were associated with larger changes in risk. Smoke-free legislation was associated with a lower risk of smoking-related cardiac, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases, with more comprehensive laws associated with greater changes in risk.

  9. Serum homocysteine levels in cerebrovascular accidents

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    Zongte, Zolianthanga; Shaini, L.; Debbarma, Asis; Singh, Th Bhimo; Devi, S. Bilasini; Singh, W. Gyaneshwar

    2008-01-01

    Hyperhomocysteinemia has been considered an independent risk factor in the development of stroke. The present study was undertaken to evaluate serum homocysteine levels in patients with cerebrovascular accidents among the Manipuri population and to compare with the normal cases. Ninety-three cerebrovascular accident cases admitted in the hospital were enrolled for the study and twenty-seven age and sex matched individuals free from cerebrovascular diseases were taken as control group. Serum h...

  10. ARTRODESIS TIBIOTALOCALCANEA CON PLACA PHILOS: EXPERIENCIA EN EL HOSPITAL MILITAR CENTRAL. ENERO 2007 A DICIEMBRE DE 2009

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    MUÑOZ FALLA, GERARDO ALEXI; DELGADO NEIRA, ALEJANDRO; ENRIQUE GAMBA, CESAR; HERNÁNDEZ PERDOMO, EDGAR

    2011-01-01

    Estudio descriptivo observacional, retrospectivo tipo serie de casos, realizado entre enero de 2007 y diciembre de 2009 en el Hospital Militar Central. Fueron tratados 21 pacientes con artrosis de la articulación tibio talar y subtalar de etiología diversa, con seguimiento mínimo de 6 meses. Se evaluó; la función pre operatoria y post operatoria por medio de la escala AOFAS, el dolor mediante la escala visual análoga, el tiempo de consolidación con controles radiográficos, el tipo de injerto ...

  11. Serum homocysteine levels in cerebrovascular accidents.

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    Zongte, Zolianthanga; Shaini, L; Debbarma, Asis; Singh, Th Bhimo; Devi, S Bilasini; Singh, W Gyaneshwar

    2008-04-01

    Hyperhomocysteinemia has been considered an independent risk factor in the development of stroke. The present study was undertaken to evaluate serum homocysteine levels in patients with cerebrovascular accidents among the Manipuri population and to compare with the normal cases. Ninety-three cerebrovascular accident cases admitted in the hospital were enrolled for the study and twenty-seven age and sex matched individuals free from cerebrovascular diseases were taken as control group. Serum homocysteine levels were estimated by ELISA method using Axis homocysteine EIA kit manufactured by Ranbaxy Diagnostic Ltd. India. The finding suggests that hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with cerebrovascular accident with male preponderance, which increases with advancing age. However, whether hyperhomocysteinemia is the cause or the result of cerebrovascular accidents needs further investigations.

  12. Blunt cerebrovascular injuries in trauma.

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    Eastham, Shannon

    2016-09-01

    Blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) includes trauma to the carotid or vertebral vessels and is noted in 0.1% of hospitalized trauma patients without an initial screening system in place. Several important topics must be addressed including determination of the appropriate screening population, the best modality of screening for diagnosis, treatment types, and required follow-up of blunt cerebrovascular injuries. Copyright © 2015 IJS Publishing Group Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  13. Hospital descrlptlve epidemiology of cerebrovascular disorders in G. Almenara 1. Natlonal Hospital

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    Deza, Luis; Aldave, Raquel; Concha, Gina; Salazar, Luis; Carmona, Jorge; Castillo, Marco

    2014-01-01

    We present an epidemiological approach of a two years clinical observation study of a cohort of 208 admissions with cerebrovascular disease. This report represents part of a wider project intended to clarify the natural history of cerebrovascular diseases in Peru. We found a 70.7% of occlusions or stenosis, a 26.9% of intracerebral hemorrhages, a 1.9% of subarachnoid hemorrhage and a 0.5% of other unspecified. A mean age of onset of 62.2 years, with a very large range, probably with a later a...

  14. Militarism Versus Development. Teaching Global Issues.

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    Gage, Susan

    1988-01-01

    Articles and activities written for the senior secondary level explore the complex links between militarization and underdevelopment. The articles discuss choices between missiles and food in developing countries, the internal and external causes of militarism, and the hidden costs of militarism. Case studies of the Kwajalein Atoll and Ethiopia…

  15. Radiological study of cerebro-vascular accidents

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    Misri, H.T.; Kabawe, Bassam

    1991-01-01

    The role of computerized tomography scanner in studying the cerebro-vascular accidents has been discussed. One hundred fifty patients with cerebro-vascular accidents were studied at Aleppo University Hospital between 1989-1990. Clinical history and physical examination were recorded, as well as, computerized tomography scanning in all cases without using the contrast media mostly. Relationship between the density of the lesion (inforctionor hemorrhage) and the time has been found. This relationship can help in forensic medicine. (author). 29 refs., 5 tabs., 2 figs

  16. Servicio militar un problema de identidades

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    Sánchez Navarro, Eulogio

    2005-01-01

    Las diferencias entre la vida civil y la militar han supuesto tradicionalmente lo que podríamos definir como un choque cultural entre aquellos que tuvieron que realizar el servicio militar obligatorio. este choque se vio incrementado en los últimos años de conscripción debido al creciente distanciamiento entre las visiones de mundo de militares y civiles. esta tesis analiza desde la perspectiva de la antropología social los problemas de identidad de los soldados de reemplazo, que habían de...

  17. Hospital registry in special department for patients with acute cerebrovascular disease

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    Maslyuk О.А.

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Aim: organization and follow-up of a registry of patients with cerebrovascular disease in in special department. Materials and methods. In the period from January 2011 to December 2013 all cases of cerebrovascular disease in the special department were recorded. Each patient had an electronic case book and thematic record, developed on the basis of the materials of the National Stoke Association of "Registry of stroke." Results. 418 cases of cerebral stroke were registered. Male to female ratio was 3.7: 1. Patients with initial diagnosed cerebral stroke were 78%, secondary 22%. The average age of patients was 63. The big number of strokes was observed in men aged 56-57 years; in women aged 75-77 years. TOAST criteria for subtypes of ischemic stroke were distributed to: atherothrombotic (29,3%, cardioembolic (29,1 %, 22,4% lacunar ischemic stroke due to other established reasons (8,8%, crptogenic (10,4%. Hemorrhagic stroke was observed in 16.8% of cases. Parenchymal hemorrhage was observed in 10.7% of cases, nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (4,5%. Among the risk factors in patients with ischemic stroke identified: arterial hypertension (88,9%, coronary heart disease (43%, heart rhythm disorders (28,4%, diabetes (18,6%. The proportion of endovascular interventions performed for 3 years was 31.2%. Mortality rate was 3.74% (10 people in 2011; 4.65% (14 people in 2012; 2.48% (7 people in 2013. Conclusion. Follow up the hospital stroke registry allowed to estimate the structure andcourse of cerebral stroke, found the risk factors to identify the most important factors of death.

  18. Factores predictores de mortalidad por accidente cerebrovascular en el Hospital Universitario San Jorge de Pereira (Colombia)

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    Cristhian David Morales-Plaza; Claudio Aguirre-Castañeda; Jorge Enrique Machado-Alba

    2016-01-01

    Objetivo: Determinar los factores predictores de mortalidad por accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) en el Hospital Universitario San Jorge de Pereira entre enero de 2008 y diciembre de 2011. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal, realizado en los pacientes con diagnóstico de ACV. La información se obtuvo de las historias clínicas, teniendo en cuenta las variables edad, sexo, tipo de ACV (isquémico o hemorrágico), trastorno asociado, antecedentes personales relacionados con ACV, morta...

  19. Cerebrovascular Diseases and Early Seizure

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    Ayşegül Gündüz

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Cerebrovascular disease is one of the important causes of seizures and epilepsy among the advanced age group. Seziures are found to be associated with lesion localization and size in previous studies. METHODS: Here, we aimed to detect prevelance of seizure, relation of seizure and lesion localization, and observed seizure types. RESULTS: Three hundred seventy eight patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease or intraparenchymal hemorrhage who were followed in Cerrahpasa IVIedical School clinic were studied retrospectively and probability of seizure occurence within 1 month after stroke was evaluated. CONCLUSION: Among 378 patients hospitalized by acute stroke, 339 were diagnosed as ischemic cerebrovascular disease and 39 (10.3% had primary intraparenchymal hematoma. Seizures were observed in 16 patients (4.2%, 2 (%5.1 in intraparenchymal hematoma group and 14 (%4.1 in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Early seizures were detected in 33% of patients with anterior cerebral artery, in 6.8% of posterior cerebral artery and in 3.3% of middle cerebral artery infarcts and in three patients out of 12 who were known to have epilepsy. Seizure types were secondarily generalised tonic-clonic seizure in nine cases (57%. Among whole group status epilepticus was observed in four patients (1.1%. Conclusion: Early seizure rates are found to be high among patients with anterior cerebral artery infarct and known epilepsy

  20. A five-year study of particulate matter (PM2.5) and cerebrovascular diseases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Leiva G, Manuel A.; Santibañez, Daniela A.; Ibarra E, Sergio; Matus C, Patricia; Seguel, Rodrigo

    2013-01-01

    Cerebrovascular accidents, or strokes, are the second leading cause of mortality and the leading cause of morbidity in both Chile and the rest of the world. However, the relationship between particulate matter pollution and strokes is not well characterized. The association between fine particle concentration and stroke admissions was studied. Data on hospital admissions due to cerebrovascular accidents were collected from the Ministry of Health. Air quality and meteorological data were taken from the Air Quality database of the Santiago Metropolitan Area. Santiago reported 33,624 stroke admissions between January 1, 2002 and December 30, 2006. PM2.5 concentration was markedly seasonal, increasing during the winter. This study found an association between PM2.5 exposure and hospital admissions for stroke; for every PM2.5 concentration increase of 10 μg m −3 , the risk of emergency hospital admissions for cerebrovascular causes increased by 1.29% (95% CI 0.552%–2.03%). Highlights: •Particulate matter pollution – cerebrovascular diseases relationship is not well known. •Cerebrovascular diseases are the second leading cause of mortality and the leading cause of morbidity. •PM2.5 increase 10 μg/m 3 the risk of hospital admissions for stroke causes increases by 1.29%. •The results are similar to that of other cities worldwide. -- Relationship between PM pollution and strokes is not well characterized. In Santiago the risk of the stroke increased by 1.29%; for every increase of 10 μg m −3 in PM2.5

  1. Clinical application of SPECT and PET in cerebrovascular disease

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    Ra, Young Shin

    2003-01-01

    Single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) and positron emission tomography(PET) are modern imaging techniques that allow for both qualitative are quantitative assessment of hemodynamic changes in cerebrovascular diseases. SPECT has been becoming an indispensable method to investigate regional cerebral blood flow because equipment and isotope are easily available in most general hospitals. Acetazolamide stress SPECT has also been proved to be useful to evaluate the cerebrovascular reserve of occlusive cerebrovascular diseases and to select surgical candidate. PET has gained wide spread clinical use in the evaluation of the hemodynamic and metabolic consequences of extracranial or intracranial arterial obstructive disease despite its complexity and limited availability. PET has been established as an invaluable tool in the pathophysilogy investigation of acute ischemic stroke. The potentials, limitations, and clinical applications of SPECT and PET in various cerebrovascular diseases will be discussed in this article with reviews of literatures

  2. Clinical application of SPECT and PET in cerebrovascular disease

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    Ra, Young Shin [Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul (Korea, Republic of)

    2003-02-01

    Single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) and positron emission tomography(PET) are modern imaging techniques that allow for both qualitative are quantitative assessment of hemodynamic changes in cerebrovascular diseases. SPECT has been becoming an indispensable method to investigate regional cerebral blood flow because equipment and isotope are easily available in most general hospitals. Acetazolamide stress SPECT has also been proved to be useful to evaluate the cerebrovascular reserve of occlusive cerebrovascular diseases and to select surgical candidate. PET has gained wide spread clinical use in the evaluation of the hemodynamic and metabolic consequences of extracranial or intracranial arterial obstructive disease despite its complexity and limited availability. PET has been established as an invaluable tool in the pathophysilogy investigation of acute ischemic stroke. The potentials, limitations, and clinical applications of SPECT and PET in various cerebrovascular diseases will be discussed in this article with reviews of literatures.

  3. Impacto económico del tratamiento y gestión de los residuos sólidos producidos por el Hospital Militar Central – Lima

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    Nava Torres, César Augusto; Nava Torres, César Augusto; Loayza Berrocal, Luis Alberto; Nava Torres, César Augusto

    2012-01-01

    El manejo de los residuos sólidos hospitalarios en nuestro país es uno de los aspectos de la gestión hospitalaria que ha ido tomando importancia e interés en los últimos años. Mediante la presente investigación se pretende evaluar el actual Tratamiento y Gestión de los residuos sólidos en el Hospital Militar Central (HMC) de la ciudad de Lima, analizando los servicios de salud donde los pacientes se hospitalizan y se genere la mayor cantidad de desechos, a fin de determinar las ganancias...

  4. Short-Term Effects of Gaseous Pollutants and Particulate Matter on Daily Hospital Admissions for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease in Lanzhou: Evidence from a Heavily Polluted City in China

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    Shan Zheng

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Panel studies show a consistent association between increase in the cardiovascular hospitalizations with air pollutants in economically developed regions, but little evidence in less developed inland areas. In this study, a time-series analysis was used to examine the specific effects of major air pollutants [particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10, sulfur dioxide (SO2, and nitrogen dioxides (NO2] on daily hospital admissions for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in Lanzhou, a heavily polluted city in China. We examined the effects of air pollutants for stratified groups by age and gender, and conducted the modifying effect of seasons on air pollutants to test the possible interaction. The significant associations were found between PM10, SO2 and NO2 and cardiac disease admissions, SO2 and NO2 were found to be associated with the cerebrovascular disease admissions. The elderly was associated more strongly with gaseous pollutants than younger. The modifying effect of seasons on air pollutants also existed. The significant effect of gaseous pollutants (SO2 and NO2 was found on daily hospital admissions even after adjustment for other pollutants except for SO2 on cardiac diseases. In a word, this study provides the evidence for the detrimental short-term health effects of urban gaseous pollutants on cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in Lanzhou.

  5. El nuevo sistema de justicia militar argentino. Comentario a la Ley 26394

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    Leonardo Filippini

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available El 27 de febrero de 2009 entró en vigor en la Argentina un nuevo Código de Justicia Militar –CJM–, el cual configuró un cambio radical en el modelo de justicia militar porque se abandonó la jurisdicción militar en tiempos de paz y se expandió la intervención de la justicia común a las personas que antes eran juzgadas por los jueces y bajo las reglas de procedimiento militares. La reforma también eliminó la pena de muerte, incorporó algunos de los delitos militares al Código Penal común, derogó otros, y modernizó el régimen disciplinario militar. En este trabajo, describiremos el derogado CJM y, luego, algunos aspectos relevantes de la reforma al sistema de justicia militar vinculados al Derecho penal y procesal penal. Por último, presentaremos algunas reflexiones sobre estas modificaciones.

  6. O novo orçamento militar dos Estados Unidos

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    João Fábio Bertonha

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Tendo no atual orçamento militar dos Estados Unidos o ponto de partida, o presente artigo busca analisar o atual poderio militar daquele país, e os impactos deste no cenário internacional.

  7. Doença cerebrovascular na infância: II. Aspectos clínicos em 42 casos Cerebrovascular disease in children: II. Clinical aspects in 42 cases

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    MARIA VALERIANA L. MOURA-RIBEIRO

    1999-09-01

    Full Text Available Entre 1990 e 1998 foram analisadas, do ponto de vista clínico, 42 crianças com diagnóstico de doença cerebrovascular, internadas no Hospital das Clínicas da FCM-UNICAMP. O distúrbio cerebrovascular mais frequente foi do tipo isquêmico com acometimento predominante da artéria cerebral média, sendo o quadro clínico agudo caracterizado por manifestações epilépticas e alterações motoras, principalmente em crianças de idade precoce. A avaliação do seguimento das crianças mostrou predomínio de sequelas motoras.We report the findings recorded in 42 children suffering cerebrovascular disease and assisted at the Hospital das Clínicas FCM-UNICAMP, over a 8 years period (January 1990 until April 1998. The ischemic type was the most common, and involvement of the middle cerebral artery, sudden onset of clinical manifestation with seizures and motor disability were more common in early aged children. Motor sequelae predominated in the follow-up of these children.

  8. Predictive factors for cerebrovascular accidents after thoracic endovascular aortic repair.

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    Mariscalco, Giovanni; Piffaretti, Gabriele; Tozzi, Matteo; Bacuzzi, Alessandro; Carrafiello, Giampaolo; Sala, Andrea; Castelli, Patrizio

    2009-12-01

    Cerebrovascular accidents are devastating and worrisome complications after thoracic endovascular aortic repair. The aim of this study was to determine cerebrovascular accident predictors after thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Between January 2001 and June 2008, 76 patients treated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair were prospectively enrolled. The study cohort included 61 men; mean age was 65.4 +/- 16.8 years. All patients underwent a specific neurologic assessment on an hourly basis postoperatively to detect neurologic deficits. Cerebrovascular accidents were diagnosed on the basis of physical examination, tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging, or autopsy. Cerebrovascular accidents occurred in 8 (10.5%) patients, including 4 transient ischemic attack and 4 major strokes. Four cases were observed within the first 24-hours. Multivariable analysis revealed that anatomic incompleteness of the Willis circle (odds ratio [OR] 17.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.10 to 140.66), as well as the presence of coronary artery disease (OR 6.86, 95 CI% 1.18 to 40.05), were independently associated with postoperative cerebrovascular accident development. Overall hospital mortality was 9.2%, with no significant difference for patients hit by cerebrovascular accidents (25.0% vs 7.3%, p = 0.102). Preexisting coronary artery disease, reflecting a severe diseased aorta and anomalies of Willis circle are independent cerebrovascular accident predictors after thoracic endovascular aortic repair procedures. A careful evaluation of the arch vessels and cerebral vascularization should be mandatory for patients suitable for thoracic endovascular aortic repair.

  9. Prevalência e padrão de distribuição das doenças cerebrovasculares em 242 idosos, procedentes de um hospital geral, necropsiados em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, no período de 1976 a 1997 Prevalence and types of cerebrovascular diseases in 242 hospitalized elderly patients, autopsied in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 1976 to 1997

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    José Eymard H. Pittella

    2002-03-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Descrever a prevalência e os tipos das doenças cerebrovasculares (DCVs em indivíduos idosos necropsiados. MÉTODO: Foram consultados os laudos neuropatológicos de 242 pacientes com idade igual ou superior a 61 anos, procedentes em sua maioria do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, e necropsiados consecutivamente no período 1976 a 1997. RESULTADO: Os principais grupos de doenças do sistema nervoso central (SNC foram representados por DCVs (71,9%, infecções (12,4%, neoplasias (7,1%, traumatismos crânio-encefálicos (3,7%, doenças nutricionais (2,5% e doenças degenerativas (1,7%. As DCVs mais frequentes foram: aterosclerose (61,2%, doença cerebrovascular hipertensiva (25,6% e infarto cerebral (14,9%. Observou-se aumento da frequência e da gravidade da aterosclerose e da frequência da doença cerebrovascular hipertensiva com o avançar da idade. Houve associação significativa entre doença cerebrovascular hipertensiva e aterosclerose. As DCVs foram clinicamente sintomáticas e as responsáveis diretas pelo óbito em 42,7% e 17,3% dos pacientes, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: As DCVs constituíram o principal grupo de doenças do SNC no idoso. A aterosclerose e a doença cerebrovascular hipertensiva foram as principais doenças deste grupo, notando-se aumento de sua frequência com o avançar da idade e associação significativa entre ambas.OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and the types of cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs in autopsied elderly individuals. METHOD: Consecutive clinical charts and neuropathological reports of 242 patients aged 61 years or older were reviewed. The patients died in Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Minas Gerais, in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 1976 to 1997. RESULTS: The prevalent diseases of the central nervous system (CNS found in decreasing order were: CVDs (71.9%, infections (12.4%, neoplasms (7.1%, head

  10. Mechanisms of Lethal Cerebrovascular Accidents in Turner Syndrome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Byard, Roger W

    2016-05-01

    A case of intracerebral hemorrhage in Turner syndrome is reported with an analysis of possible causes of cerebrovascular accidents in this condition. A 42-year-old woman with known Turner syndrome died soon after hospital admission having been found unconscious at her home address. At autopsy, she showed typical features of Turner syndrome with short stature, webbing of the neck, underdeveloped breasts, and an increased carrying angle of the arm. Death was due to a large left-sided intracerebral hemorrhage extending from the left basal ganglia into the white matter of the frontal lobe and lateral ventricle. Cases of unexpected death in Turner syndrome may arise from occult cerebrovascular accidents which may be hemorrhagic or nonhemorrhagic. Associated features include hypertension, vascular malformations, accelerated atherogenesis, cystic medial necrosis, and moyamoya syndrome. The possibility of Turner syndrome should be considered in cases where there has been a lethal cerebrovascular event in a younger woman. © 2016 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

  11. Comunicación y doctrina militar

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    Gino Lofredo

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Dossier Desinformación. Este artículo describe el pensamiento y la doctrina militar de EE.UU. en los Conflictos de Baja Intensidad y las Operaciones Psicológicas, en base a los manuales FM100-20 y FM33-1 de la Escuela de las Américas del Ejército de Estados Unidos, de Fort Gulick, Panamá. Ambos documentos son el producto de las reflexiones políticas y militares especialmente comisionadas por el Pentágono a oficiales veteranos de Vietnam a partir de 1975. El lenguaje utilizado en los manuales es, en sí mismo, parte del mensaje. Se trató de preservar el estilo técnico y el vocabulario enrarecido que caracteriza las publicaciones militares, particularmente los manuales de operaciones traducidos para aprendices ajenos a la jerga del Pentágono. Los comentarios del autor están señalados en negrillas. El resto del artículo cita o resume secciones de los manuales relevantes a las comunicaciones en América Latina y el Tercer Mundo.

  12. Reformismo e intervencionismo militar durante la Guerra Civil

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    Ramón SALAS LARRAZÁBAL

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available El reformismo militar ha sido durante nuestra historia contemporánea una obsesión que cayó en manía, tal vez porque nunca se hizo una verdadera reforma y el intervencionismo de los militares en la política, un hábito que llegó a adquirir caracteres patológicos endémicos. Del centenar largo de españoles que ocuparon una o varias veces la cartera de la guerra desde la convocatoria de Cortes en 1.809 hasta nuestra Guerra Civil, raro fue el que no llevaba en sus bolsillos al incorporarse a su puesto un proyecto de reforma militar y lo mismo podría decirse de los que en número sensiblemente igual se sucedieron en el Ministerio de Marina, todos los cuales eran portadores de su personal programa naval. Del mismo modo también puede afirmarse que en casi todas las situaciones en que, con éxito o sin él, se produjo un cambio sustancial en el funcionamiento de las Instituciones, los que lo protagonizaron o eran militares o buscaron y encontraron apoyo en las Fuerzas Armadas.

  13. História Militar do Ceará

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    Walter José Faustini

    1953-03-01

    Full Text Available SOUZA (Eusébio de. — História Militar do Ceará. Monografia n.o 15 da  Série História do Ceará, da Coleção Instituto do Ceará. 1950 (Obra  póstuma. (Primeiro Parágrafo do Artigo Destinada a integrar uma coleção de assuntos cearenses, a presente obra pretende historiar a evolução das instituições militares no Estado do Ceará.

  14. Lesões musculoesqueléticas em policiais militares

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    Diego Apolinário Calasans

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available INTRODUÇÃO: As qualidades físicas precisam ser analisadas e estão associadas como fatores de risco a desenvolver lesões musculoesqueléticas durante o treinamento esportivo militar. OBJETIVO: Levantar a epidemiologia das lesões musculoesqueléticas ocorridas em tornozelo e pé de policiais militares. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram coletados todos os prontuários de policiais militares que sofreram lesões prévias no tornozelo e pé durante o período de setembro de 2005 a agosto de 2011, as informações foram obtidas através da ficha de avaliação fisioterapêutica constatada nos prontuários, posteriormente os dados obtidos foram tabulados e analisados. RESULTADOS: Após a coleta de dados dos prontuários foi observado que houve 29% de lesões ósseas, 32% de ligamentares e 35% de musculares. CONCLUSÃO: A entorse de tornozelo demonstra um risco à saúde pública como descrita pela classificação estatística internacional de doenças e problemas relacionados à saúde, sendo no meio militar também descrita como um risco durante a prática esportiva.

  15. Second-generation antipsychotics and risk of cerebrovascular accidents in the elderly.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Percudani, Mauro; Barbui, Corrado; Fortino, Ida; Tansella, Michele; Petrovich, Lorenzo

    2005-10-01

    Concern has been recently raised for risperidone and olanzapine, possibly associated with cerebrovascular events in placebo-controlled trials conducted in elderly subjects with dementia. We investigated the relationship between exposure to second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents in the elderly. From the regional database of hospital admissions of Lombardy, Italy, we extracted all patients aged 65 or older with cerebrovascular-related outcomes for the year 2002. From the regional database of prescriptions reimbursed by the National Health Service, we extracted all patients aged 65 or older who received antipsychotic prescriptions during 2001. The 2 databases were linked anonymously using the individual patient code. The proportions of cerebrovascular accidents were 3.31% (95% confidence interval, 2.95-3.69) in elderly subjects exclusively exposed to SGAs and 2.37% (95% confidence interval, 2.19-2.57) in elderly subjects exclusively exposed to first-generation antipsychotics. After background group differences were controlled for, exposure to SGAs significantly increased the risk of accidents. The analysis of cerebrovascular events in elderly subjects exposed to each individual SGA, in comparison with exposure to haloperidol, showed a significantly increased risk for risperidone only (adjusted odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.93). These data provide preliminary epidemiological evidence that exposure to SGAs, in comparison with exposure to first-generation antipsychotics, significantly increased the risk of cerebrovascular accidents in the elderly.

  16. Relationship of Aphasia and Topography of Cerebrovascular Territories

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    K. Ghandehari

    2004-10-01

    Full Text Available Aphasia is a common manifestation of stroke and evaluation of relationships of aphasia and brain topography could lead to better understanding of cognitive neurophysiology.Consecutive 100 stroke patients with aphasia admitted in Valie Asr hospital, Khorasan in 2003 enrulled in this prospective study. Diagnosis of stroke and aphasia was made by a neurolosist and topography of involved cerebrovascular territories confirmed by topographic maps of brain in CT scan. Global, Broca and Wernicke subtypes of aphasia constituted 52%, 40% and 6% of the cases respectively. Based on the usual nourishment of Broca and Wernicke areas by anterior and posterior cortical branches of the middle cerebral artery, 79% of Global, 47% of Broca and 50% of Wernicke aphasias had a compatible infarct topography. Other cases had no congruent infarct topography with involved linguistic area of their brain. Specific cerebrovascular topography for subtypes of aphasia in stroke patients was not found. The effects of cerebrovascular lesions on linguistic functions are not predictable by their topography in CT scan.

  17. La reforma de la justicia militar en España durante la transición

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    JESÚS VALENCIANO ALMOYNA

    1986-01-01

    Full Text Available Con la introducción de una Monarquía Constitucional en España, y la promulgación de la Constitución española el 27 de diciembre de 1978, las cortes militares quedaron limitadas en su jurisdicción a asuntos estrictamente militares. El artículo discute sobre las reformas siguientes hasta el código penal militar de 19 de diciembre de 1985. Los crímenes militares se definen actualmente para incluir lo siguiente: (1 aquéllo que actúa contra la seguridad nacional; (2 rebelión en tiempo de guerra; (3 crímenes contra la nación española y la institución de los militares; (4 sedición militar, insubordinación, y abuso de autoridad; (5 no llevar a cabo las obligaciones; (6 ofensas del tráfico aéreo y marítimo; y (7 actuar contra la administración de la justicia militar. También se tratan los cambios que afectan tribunales militares.

  18. La renovación de la Historia Militar. Coyunturas, interpretaciones, conceptos

    OpenAIRE

    Kühne, Thomas; Ziemann, Benjamin

    2012-01-01

    Durante décadas, la historia militar se ha mantenido apartada de las principales corrientes históricas y se convirtió básicamente en un reducto para los propios militares y eruditos que no compartían los avances historiográficos recientes y prolongaban la tradición positivista alemana. Sin embargo, en las últimas décadas la historia militar ha establecido un fructífero diálogo no sólo con escuelas como la historia social, la historia de la vida cotidiana, la historia oral y simila...

  19. The causal link among militarization, economic growth, CO2 emission, and energy consumption.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bildirici, Melike E

    2017-02-01

    This paper examines the long-run and the causal relationship among CO 2 emissions, militarization, economic growth, and energy consumption for USA for the period 1960-2013. Using the bound test approach to cointegration, a short-run as well as a long-run relationship among the variables with a positive and a statistically significant relationship between CO 2 emissions and militarization was found. To determine the causal link, MWALD and Rao's F tests were applied. According to Rao's F tests, the evidence of a unidirectional causality running from militarization to CO 2 emissions, from energy consumption to CO 2 emissions, and from militarization to energy consumption all without a feedback was found. Further, the results determined that 26% of the forecast-error variance of CO 2 emissions was explained by the forecast error variance of militarization and 60% by energy consumption.

  20. Manifest Spatialization: Militarizing Communication in Canada

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    Patricia Mazepa

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Focusing on the political economy of communication and the process of spatialization whereby control over space and time is extended through the use of information and communication technology (ICT, this paper provides an overview of the intersections that draw the Canadian federal government, its military, and the ICT, defence and security industries into relationships that reinforce and extend their control. By attending to historical and current examples, it highlights several sub-processes of spatialization, including corporate restructuring (through vertical and horizontal integration, as well as state restructuring (principally through internationalization and commercialization, which together underpin and support the militarization of communication. From the state’s concentration on conventional war and the “Cold War”, through to the current “War on Terror” and its protection of an integrated ICT infrastructure, communication is increasingly confined within a narrow militarized and corporatized framework. Within this framework, both capital and the military prioritize the development and administration of the “command and control” capabilities of ICT, such that the policies and practices of communication become more exclusive, restrictive and surveilled, and less open, accessible, and universal. The paper seeks to explain how this tripartite combination of “command, control, and communication” is indicative of the process of spatialization, and supports a militarized capitalism and the formation of a cross-border MICC poised to expand and defend it.

  1. Dichotic auditory-verbal memory in adults with cerebro-vascular accident

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    Samaneh Yekta

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Background and Aim: Cerebrovascular accident is a neurological disorder involves central nervous system. Studies have shown that it affects the outputs of behavioral auditory tests such as dichotic auditory verbal memory test. The purpose of this study was to compare this memory test results between patients with cerebrovascular accident and normal subjects.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 patients with cerebrovascular accident aged 50-70 years and 20 controls matched for age and gender in Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Dichotic auditory verbal memory test was performed on each subject.Results: The mean score in the two groups was significantly different (p<0.0001. The results indicated that the right-ear score was significantly greater than the left-ear score in normal subjects (p<0.0001 and in patients with right hemisphere lesion (p<0.0001. The right-ear and left-ear scores were not significantly different in patients with left hemisphere lesion (p=0.0860.Conclusion: Among other methods, Dichotic auditory verbal memory test is a beneficial test in assessing the central auditory nervous system of patients with cerebrovascular accident. It seems that it is sensitive to the damages occur following temporal lobe strokes.

  2. Transition of care for the elderly after cerebrovascular accidents--from hospital to the home.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodrigues, Rosalina Aparecida Partezani; Marques, Sueli; Kusumota, Luciana; dos Santos, Emanuella Barros; Fhon, Jack Roberto da Silva; Fabrício-Wehbe, Suzele Cristina Coelho

    2013-01-01

    to examine the transition of care in families caring for elderly persons who suffered the first episode of a cerebrovascular accident. an instrumental ethnographic case study was used. The sample comprised 20 subjects: 10 caregivers and 10 elderly persons aged 65 or over, of both sexes, with diagnoses of first episode of cerebrovascular accident, capable of communicating, and requiring care from a main carer in their family. The data was collected through interviews, observation, existing documentation and field notes. Qualitative analysis techniques were used to codify and classify the data and to formulate significant categories, which generated typologies of care. The central idea was the Transition of Care and showed the context in three typologies: The care process for the dependent elderly person, Strategies for the care process and Impact and acceptance of the limitations. The data indicates that caring for an elderly person after a cerebrovascular accident is a challenge for the family. The data permitted it possible to elaborate a proposal for a model for the organization of the work, with a view to holistic care delivery in the health services, forming a care network, which constitutes an advance for the area of nursing.

  3. Operative volume and outcomes of cerebrovascular neurosurgery in children.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bekelis, Kimon; Connolly, Ian D; Do, Huy M; Choudhri, Omar

    2016-11-01

    OBJECTIVE The impact of procedural volume on the outcomes of cerebrovascular surgery in children has not been determined. In this study, the authors investigated the association of operative volume on the outcomes of cerebrovascular neurosurgery in pediatric patients. METHODS The authors performed a cohort study of all pediatric patients who underwent a cerebrovascular procedure between 2003 and 2012 and were registered in the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID). To control for confounding, the authors used multivariable regression models, propensity-score conditioning, and mixed-effects analysis to account for clustering at the hospital level. RESULTS During the study period, 1875 pediatric patients in the KID underwent cerebrovascular neurosurgery and met the inclusion criteria for the study; 204 patients (10.9%) underwent aneurysm clipping, 446 (23.8%) underwent coil insertion for an aneurysm, 827 (44.1%) underwent craniotomy for arteriovenous malformation resection, and 398 (21.2%) underwent bypass surgery for moyamoya disease. Mixed-effects multivariable regression analysis revealed that higher procedural volume was associated with fewer inpatient deaths (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.40-0.85), a lower rate of discharges to a facility (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.82-0.92), and shorter length of stay (adjusted difference -0.22; 95% CI -0.32 to -0.12). The results in propensity-adjusted multivariable models were robust. CONCLUSIONS In a national all-payer cohort of pediatric patients who underwent a cerebrovascular procedure, the authors found that higher procedural volume was associated with fewer deaths, a lower rate of discharges to a facility, and decreased lengths of stay. Regionalization initiatives should include directing children with such rare pathologies to a center of excellence.

  4. Open-Heart surgery and cerebrovascular accident: retrospective study at King Khalid University Hospital

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Al-Satli, R.A.; Takrouri, Mohammad S.M.; Al-Daif, A.; Fouda, Mohamed N.; Maher, S.; Al-Khwsky, F.

    2000-01-01

    Stroke after coronary by-pass grafting (CABG) is often disabling. The incidence of ischemic stroke may approach 3% to 5%. Several risk factors have been identified including previous history of stroke, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time, and postoperative atrial fibrillation. Objective was to determine the incidence and risk factors of neurological deficit after open heart surgery. Retrospective study was done during the period 1992-1995 at the King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. There were 350 patients who were subjected to (CABG), 10 patients (2.8%) found to suffer from cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) following open-heart surgery. In 8 patients, the complaint lasted more than 24 hours (stroke), while 2 patients developed transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Five factors were found to be associated with increased risk of post cardiac surgery CVA. These factors are postoperative atrial fibrillation, carotid bruit, past history of heart failure, past history of CVA and smoking. The authors concluded that it is necessary to start a prospective study to verify the area of improvement with regards to technique, selection of patients and mode of perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) Arabia. (author)

  5. El gasto militar del Estado costarricense, 1821-1870.

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    Esteban Corella Ovares

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo examina la relación entre los gastos militares del Estado costarricense y la conformación de una Hacienda Pública, durante las primeras cinco décadas de vida independiente. Durante ese período se dio un crecimiento importante de las fuerzas militares, y en consecuencia de los recursos económicos asignados a éstas por parte de las autoridades. La construcción de los mecanismos para obtener, administrar y gastar  esos recursos económicos favoreció la consolidación del Estado moderno en Costa Rica.

  6. Arterial Spin Labeling and Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent MRI Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Cerebrovascular Disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Smeeing, Diederik P J; Hendrikse, Jeroen; Petersen, Esben T

    2016-01-01

    BACKGROUND: The cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) results of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI studies performed in patients with cerebrovascular disease (steno-occlusive vascular disease or stroke) were systematically reviewed. SUMMARY: Thirty-one articles...... found a significant lower ASL CVR in the ipsilateral hemispheres of patients compared to controls. KEY MESSAGES: This review brings support for a reduced BOLD and ASL CVR in the ipsilateral hemisphere of patients with cerebrovascular disease. We suggest that future studies will be performed in a uniform...... way so reference values can be established and could be used to guide treatment decisions in patients with cerebrovascular disease....

  7. Radioiodine therapy increases the risk of cerebrovascular events in hyperthyroid and euthyroid patients

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    la Cour, Jeppe Lerche; Jensen, Lars Thorbjoern; Vej-Hansen, Anders

    2015-01-01

    to radiation and is capable of inducing atherosclerosis. The objective of the study was to elucidate whether ionizing radiation from radioiodine might contribute to cerebrovascular morbidity. METHODS: In a retrospective register cohort study, 4000 hyperthyroid and 1022 euthyroid goitre patients treated...... with radioiodine between 1975 and 2008 were matched 1:4 on age and sex with random controls. The cohort was followed from the date of treatment until hospitalization due to cerebrovascular event, death, 20 years of follow-up or March 2013. Data were analyzed in competing risk models adjusting for age, sex...

  8. Octavio Ianni, ditadura militar e a Amazônia

    OpenAIRE

    Chagas, Rodrigo P.; Universidade Federal de Roraima. Curso de Ciências Sociais

    2015-01-01

    Neste artigo visamos apresentar algumas categorias fundamentais para compreendermos as análises do sociólogo Octávio Ianni sobre a Ditadura Militar e o processo de “desenvolvimento capitalista” na região amazônica. Tal esforço se realiza por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica que explicite as problemáticas centrais que o autor estabelece para deflagrar as articulações históricas entre o projeto de Brasil da Ditadura Militar e a região amazônica.

  9. VOCES Y SILENCIOS: LA PRENSA ARGENTINA DURANTE LA DICTADURA MILITAR (1976-1983

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    Marcelo Borrelli

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo se propone analizar las condiciones de funcionamiento de la gran prensa diaria argentina durante la última dictadura militar argentina (1976-1983, sus principales posiciones editoriales frente a acontecimientos relevantes del periodo y cuáles fueron las políticas más importantes de parte del régimen militar hacia los medios de prensa. El trabajo pone un especial énfasis en el rol que adquirió la prensa diaria en el marco del sistema represivo clandestino conocido como terrorismo de estado y de las intenciones de refundación social de los militares en el poder.

  10. Enfermedad cerebrovascular en Colombia Cerebrovascular disease in Colombia

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    Federico A Silva

    2006-10-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: la enfermedad cerebrovascular constituye un problema de salud pública mundial. En Colombia es la cuarta causa de muerte en la población adulta y genera una alta discapacidad en estos pacientes. Objetivo: describir algunos resultados obtenidos por el grupo de Ciencias Neurovasculares de la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia. Desarrollo y conclusiones: la enfermedad cerebrovascular es una entidad con una alta prevalencia en la población colombiana y genera discapacidad mental, motora y del lenguaje. Es necesaria la implementación de unidades de cuidado neurovascular con personal entrenado, protocolos definidos, tratamientos adecuados y tecnología de punta. En Colombia deben imponerse este tipo de unidades dentro del cuidado básico de los pacientes para disminuir la morbilidad, mortalidad y discapacidad generada en estos pacientes. La Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia es pionera en la implementación de este tipo de cuidados.Introduction: cerebrovascular disease constitutes a worldwide public health problem. In Colombia, it is the fourth leading cause of death in the adult population and generates high disability in these patients. Objective: to describe some results obtained by the Neurovascular Sciences group from the Colombian Cardiovascular Foundation. Development and conclusions: cerebrovascular disease has a high prevalence in the Colombian population and generates mental, motor, and language disabilities. The implementation of neurovascular care units with trained personnel, defined protocols, adequate treatments and high technology, are necessary. This kind of units must be imposed in Colombia as a basic care for these patients in order to decrease morbidity, mortality and disability. The Colombian Cardiovascular Foundation is pioneer in the implementation of these care units.

  11. Bilateral cerebrovascular accidents in incontinentia pigmenti.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fiorillo, Loretta; Sinclair, D Barry; O'Byrne, Mary L; Krol, Alfons L

    2003-07-01

    Incontinentia Pigmenti is an X-linked dominant neurocutaneous disorder with central nervous system manifestations in 30% of cases, including seizures and mental retardation. Ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents have been reported rarely in incontinentia pigmenti. Chart review and literature search was performed following identification of the index case. We describe a patient with incontinentia pigmenti who developed bilateral cerebrovascular accidents in the neonatal period, with resultant severe neurologic sequelae. This is the second reported case of bilateral cerebrovascular accidents in a patient with incontinentia pigmenti. This finding may be secondary to cerebrovascular anomalies, similar to those observed in the retina. Recognition of cerebrovascular accidents as a complication of incontinentia pigmenti will hopefully lead to earlier recognition and treatment.

  12. The (deMilitarization of Humanitarian Aid: A Historical Perspective

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    Marc-Antoine Pérouse de Montclos

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Humanitarian workers often complain that international aid to victims of armed conflicts is more and more militarized because relief organizations are embedded into peacekeeping operations, used as a “force multiplier”, or manipulated as an instrument of diplomacy by proxy. Historically, however, charity has always been a military issue in times of war. We can distinguish four types of militarization of relief organizations in this regard. First is the use of charities to make “war by proxy”, as in Afghanistan or Nicaragua in the 1980s. The second pattern is “embedment”, like the Red Cross during the two world wars. The third is “self-defense”, as with the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem (now Malta in the 12th Century. The fourth, finally, is the model of “International Brigades” alongside the Spanish Republicans in 1936 or various liberation movements in the 1970s. In comparison, humanitarian aid today appears to be much less militarized. However, this perception also depends on the various definitions of the word “humanitarian”.

  13. SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION. IMPACT ON CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE

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    Juan Eloy Cruz Quesada

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Background: Atherosclerosis is a multifactor process in which several risk factors are involved. It is the leading cause of death and morbidity in hospital admitted patients, and it may cause a marked decrease in blood flow to all organs of the body.Objective: To determine the impact of systolic hypertension on cerebrovascular disease.Methods: A cross-sectional, observational and analytical study was conducted in 59 death patients who suffered from hypertension. Cerebral arteries were analyzed and atherosclerotic lesion and its variety were quantified by using the atherometric system. The different types of hypertension were considered. Statistical (central tendency measures and comparative (comparison test based on Student’s arithmetic t-test procedures were used.Results: Recent strokes were more frequent in systodiastolic hypertensive patients. There was no significant difference in the injury onset age for both sexes, but women with systolic hypertension were significantly more damaged (from a morphometric point of view. Significant correlation for both groups of hypertensive patients was observed between type of stroke and atherometric system variables.Conclusions: Systolic hypertension is an important factor in the genesis of cerebrovascular disease and is associated with the progression of atherosclerotic plaque.

  14. La Competencia de la Justicia Militar del Gobierno Federal en la Jurisprudencia Actual del Tribunal Supremo.

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    Saulo de Tarso Fernandes Dias

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo trata de la competencia de la Justicia Militar del Gobierno Federal para procesar y juzgar los delitos militares. El objetivo es ver cuáles son los principales aspectos orientadores de la definición de la competencia de la justicia militar usados por el Tribunal Supremo cuando evalúa los juicios de los conflictos de competencia y divergencias de las decisiones  de  los  Juzgados  y  Tribunales. Para lograr  este  objetivo,  se  realizó  una investigación doctrinal y un análisis de los principales fallos de la Corte Suprema en los últimos 04 (cuatro años. Se ha observado un cambio en la interpretación dada al artículo noveno del Código Penal Militar, llegando a la conclusión, entonces, que hay aspectos importantes a tener en cuenta en cada situación para que sea posible definir si un hecho es delito militar, ello, justifica por lo tanto la competencia de la justicia militar.

  15. Entrenamiento de la Resistencia Psicológica en el Reclutamiento Militar en Portugal: el Papel de la Cohesión Militar, de la Autoestima y de la ansiedad en la resiliencia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Célia Maria Dias Sales

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo investiga el impacto del proceso de entrenamiento militar de resistencia psicológica en la resiliencia de los reclutas, considerando el papel moderador de la cohesión de grupo militar, de la autoestima y de la predisposición para la ansiedad. Una muestra de conveniencia de 104 militares fue evaluada antes y después del Curso de Formación General Común de las Plazas del Ejército Portugués, siguiendo un diseño metodológico de medidas repetidas. Los resultados revelan que, a pesar de no poder atribuir al proceso de reclutamiento alteraciones significativas en los niveles globales de resiliencia, las variaciones individuales observadas en la resiliencia entre el inicio y el final del reclutamiento se asocian moderadamente a la autoestima y a la percepción de la cohesión del grupo. Estos resultados son discutidos en cuanto a las implicaciones en el contexto del entrenamiento militar

  16. Incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in Danish men and women with a prolonged heavy alcohol intake

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hvidtfeldt, Ulla Arthur; Frederiksen, M.E.; Thygesen, L.C.

    2008-01-01

    significant higher incidence rates than would be expected in a standard population were observed for cardiovascular diseases (e.g., ischemic heart diseases, men: SIR = 1.76; 95% CI 1.69-1.83; women: SIR = 2.44; 95% CI 2.19-2.73) and cerebrovascular diseases (e.g., hemorrhagic stroke, men: SIR = 2.71; 95% CI 2...... rates of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases than the population in general. METHODS: The cohort comprised 19,185 subjects (15,368 men and 3,817 women) who attended outpatient clinics for alcohol abusers within the Copenhagen Hospital Corporation (1954 to 1992). Incidence rates were standardized (SIR......) according to sex, age and calendar time to compare subjects' cardio- and cerebrovascular incidence with that of the general population of Copenhagen. RESULTS: During the period 1977 to 2001 a total of 9,397 events of cardio- and cerebrovascular disease were observed. In both men and women, statistically...

  17. Militares en el Mundo Urbano Fronterizo Castellano (siglos XVI-XVII

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Susana TRUCHUElO GARCÍA

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se estudian diversos espacios urbanos fronterizos y costeros que albergaban presidios reales en Castilla en los siglos XVI y XVII. Se valoran las prácticas de gobierno que relacionaron, por una parte, a los vecinos, sujetos a la jurisdicción de los alcaldes y el corregidor, y, por otra, a los soldados, beneficiados por el fuero militar. Muchas de las discordias estuvieron causadas por las competencias de jurisdicción entre los distintos poderes, por el aumento de atribuciones de los militares en los contextos bélicos, por el control ejercido por los militares en las milicias concejiles y por la participación de los soldados en las instituciones de gobierno de la ciudad. Este estudio nos permite comprender el proceso de definición de una identidad particular en las ciudades fronterizas, sustentada en la exclusión de la comunidad de todo elemento que intentara segregarse del marco de acción de las autoridades urbanas y de la jurisdicción ordinaria.

  18. Militarism and American Foreign Policy: A Matter of Balance

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Fila, Brian D

    2000-01-01

    .... Driven by systemic imbalances within the Constitutional and bureaucratic structures of the federal government, this militarism has profound implications for America's place in the international...

  19. Elevated cardiac troponin I predicts cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events in hypertensive patients

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhang Li'na; Cao Yanfei; Qiu Yifan

    2011-01-01

    Objective: Whether elevated cTnI is associated with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events in patients with hypertension (HT) without left ventricular(LV) systolic dysfunction is not clear. Method: We measured cTnI serum level in 170 patients with essential HT without LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF 55%),renal failure,and prior cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases. Besides, control group of 40 normal presons was established and following up (45±38)months. Results: Level of cTnI was elevated (≥0.04 ng/ml) in 15 (8.8%) of the 170 patients and in 0 (0%) of the 40 normal controls. The rate of diabetes mellitus(DM), the cardiothoracic ratio, serum NT-proBNP value, and LV mass index were significantly higher in patients with than without elevated cTnI (DM, 9/15 versus 25/155, P 2 , P=0.0001). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that significantly fewer (P<0.000001) patients with, than without elevated cTnI remained free of events (hospitalization due to cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease). Stepwise Cox multivariate analysis revealed that elevated cTnT (hazard ratio, 6.59, P=0.000001) and smoking (hazard ratio, 2.26, P=0.04) were independent predictors of events. Conclusion: The present findings indicate that cTnI is a biomarker and useful predictor of future cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events in hypertensive patients. (authors)

  20. Cerebrovascular accident and abnormal focus of hyperactivity revealed by dynamic study in scintiangioencephalography

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Planchon, C.A.; Perez, R.; Lebourges, J.

    1980-01-01

    A 75-year-old female was admitted to the hospital for suspicion of a cerebrovascular accident. An important focus of hyperactivity was noted during a dynamic study by scintiangioencephalography, consistent with a highly vascular tumor, but corresponding in fact to a focal transitory hyperfusion with accompanying intense neuronal activity. (orig.)

  1. Universidade das Forças Armadas e Ensino Superior Militar

    OpenAIRE

    Fraga, Luís Alves de

    2003-01-01

    Faz-se uma breve resenha histórica da evolução do sistema de ensino e preparação dos oficiais das Forças Armadas, explicando-se o sistema de socialização militar. Depois, aborda-se a relação entre os conhecimentos que as Academias Militares foram proporcionando aos futuros oficiais e a evolução tecnológica dos armamentos e dá-se a necessária panorâmica para se perceber como as mutações da Revolução Industrial não tiveram um claro reflexo...

  2. Militarism and American Foreign Policy: A Matter of Balance

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Fila, Brian D

    2000-01-01

    How could any serious student at the National War College assert that militarism is on the rise in American foreign policy in today's political environment characterized by military overutilization...

  3. Militarism and globalization: Is there an empirical link?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Irandoust, Manuchehr

    2018-01-01

    Despite the fact that previous studies have extensively investigated the causal nexus between military expenditure and economic growth in both developed and developing countries, those studies have not considered the role of globalization. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between militarism and globalization for the top 15 military expenditure spenders over the period 1990-2012. The bootstrap panel Granger causality approach is utilized to detect the direction of causality. The results show that military expenditure and overall globalization are causally related in most of the countries under review. This implies that countries experiencing greater globalization have relatively large increases in militarization over the past 20 years. The policy implication of the findings is that greater military spending by a country increases the likelihood of military conflict in the future, the anticipation of which discourages globalization.

  4. La enfermedad cerebrovascular en pacientes desde 29 días a 18 años de edad Cerebrovascular disease in patients from 29 days born to 18 years old

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Nadia Arteche Díaz

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: la enfermedad cerebrovascular, tanto en adultos como en los niños, en los últimos años ha constituido un problema de gran interés para la comunidad médica y científica nacional e internacional. Objetivo: caracterizar la enfermedad cerebrovascular en pacientes desde 29 días de nacido hasta 18 años de edad. Material y método: se realizó una investigación descriptiva y retroprospectiva de los pacientes atendidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Pedriático Docente "Pepe Portilla" en Pinar del Río, en el período comprendido de julio de 2005 a junio de 2011. La muestra estuvo consituida por 20 pacientes desde 29 de días de nacidos hasta 18 años de edad. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y se realizó una encuesta. Resultados: la tasa de incidencia anual más alta fue de 2,7 por 100 000 habitantes; el grupo de edad de mayor incidencia fue el de 5 a 14 años (2,2 por 100 000 habitantes; el diagnóstico más frecuente fue la hemorragia intracraneal (65 %; la evolución de los pacientes fue favorable con el tratamiento adecuado y solo cinco pacientes fallecieron debido a la enfermedad cerebrovascular (letalidad=25 % y se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico en un paciente con aneurisma de la carótida interna derecha, presentando evolución favorable sin secuelas neurológicas. Conclusiones: el tratamiento de los pacientes pediátricos con enfermedad cerebrovascular en la provincia de Pinar del Río, requiere de la aplicación de un programa de diagnóstico y manejo integral personalizado para permitir una evolución favorable, mejorando la calidad de vida del paciente.Introduction: cerebrovascular disease, both in adults and children, has constituted a problem of interest to the medical, national and international scientific community during last years. Objective: to characterize cerebrovascular disease in patients from 29 days born to 18 years old. Material and Method: a descriptive and retrospective

  5. Clinical utility of carotid and transcranial ultrasound in cerebrovascular diseases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Figueiredo L

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Lívia Figueiredo, Viviane F Zétola, Marcos C Lange Neurology Division, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil Abstract: Carotid and transcranial (CTU ultrasound is a useful tool in a number of clinical settings, particularly in cerebrovascular diseases. CTU is the only method that provides real-time determination of velocity and the spectral waveform of blood flow in the extracranial and basal intracranial arteries, and is effective in the detection of stenosis and occlusion. When transcranial ultrasound is considered, CTU is the only method that allows visualization of microembolic signals in the intracranial arteries. CTU makes a rapid differential diagnosis possible, improving therapeutic decision-making in acute stroke and determining the risk of recurrence and prognosis based on its findings. It is also the standard of care in children with sickle cell disease, when selecting patients for chronic blood transfusion, and for reducing the risk of ischemic stroke in these patients. CTU has some advantages, ie, relative simplicity in terms of interpretation and performance, and affordability, noninvasiveness, and portability. The main concern with ultrasound is that it is an operator-dependent tool and requires a high level of expertise and knowledge of three-dimensional cerebrovascular anatomy for correct interpretation of sonograms. The most significant limitation of intracranial evaluation by transcranial ultrasound is the absence of a suitable bone window in approximately 10% of patients. This paper gives an overview of the current utility and importance of CTU in the prevention and evaluation of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Keywords: transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, Doppler ultrasonography duplex, cerebrovascular disorders, stroke

  6. Cerebrovascular accidents in patients with a ventricular assist device.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tsukui, Hiroyuki; Abla, Adib; Teuteberg, Jeffrey J; McNamara, Dennis M; Mathier, Michael A; Cadaret, Linda M; Kormos, Robert L

    2007-07-01

    A cerebrovascular accident is a devastating adverse event in a patient with a ventricular assist device. The goal was to clarify the risk factors for cerebrovascular accident. Prospectively collected data, including medical history, ventricular assist device type, white blood cell count, thrombelastogram, and infection, were reviewed retrospectively in 124 patients. Thirty-one patients (25%) had 48 cerebrovascular accidents. The mean ventricular assist device support period was 228 and 89 days in patients with and without cerebrovascular accidents, respectively (P cerebrovascular accidents occurred within 4 months after implantation. Actuarial freedom from cerebrovascular accident at 6 months was 75%, 64%, 63%, and 33% with the HeartMate device (Thoratec Corp, Pleasanton, Calif), Thoratec biventricular ventricular assist device (Thoratec Corp), Thoratec left ventricular assist device (Thoratec), and Novacor device (WorldHeart, Oakland, Calif), respectively. Twenty cerebrovascular accidents (42%) occurred in patients with infections. The mean white blood cell count at the cerebrovascular accident was greater than the normal range in patients with infection (12,900/mm3) and without infection (9500/mm3). The mean maximum amplitude of the thrombelastogram in the presence of infection (63.6 mm) was higher than that in the absence of infection (60.7 mm) (P = .0309). The risk of cerebrovascular accident increases with a longer ventricular assist device support period. Infection may activate platelet function and predispose the patient to a cerebrovascular accident. An elevation of the white blood cell count may also exacerbate the risk of cerebrovascular accident even in patients without infection. Selection of device type, prevention of infection, and meticulous control of anticoagulation are key to preventing cerebrovascular accident.

  7. Nutritional Improvement and Energy Intake Are Associated with Functional Recovery in Patients after Cerebrovascular Disorders.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nii, Maria; Maeda, Keisuke; Wakabayashi, Hidetaka; Nishioka, Shinta; Tanaka, Atsuko

    2016-01-01

    Malnutrition affects the activities of daily living (ADLs) in convalescent patients with cerebrovascular disorders. We investigated the relationship between nutritional improvement, energy intake at admission, and recovery of ADLs. We evaluated 67 patients with cerebrovascular disorders admitted to our rehabilitation hospital between April 2013 and April 2015. These patients received interventions from the rehabilitation nutritional support team according to the following criteria: weight loss of 2 kg or more and body mass index of 19 kg/m(2) or lower. Exclusion criteria included a body mass index of 25 kg/m(2) or higher, duration of intervention of less than 14 days, or transfer to an acute care hospital because of clinical deterioration. We assessed nutritional status using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and ADL using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score, FIM gain, and FIM efficiency. The mean age of the patients was 78.7 ± 8.0 years. The numbers of patients in each category of cerebrovascular disorder were 39 with cerebral infarction, 16 with intracerebral hemorrhage, 8 with subarachnoid hemorrhage, and 4 others. Compared with the counterpart group, the group with an improvement in GNRI had a greater gain in FIM (median 17 and 20, respectively; P = .036) and a higher FIM efficiency (.14 and .22, respectively; P = .020). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that an improvement in GNRI, increasing energy intake at admission, and intracerebral hemorrhage were associated independently with greater FIM efficiency. This study suggested that nutritional improvement and energy intake at admission are associated with recovery of ADL after cerebrovascular disorders. Copyright © 2015 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  8. Ambient Temperature and Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics in the Elderly.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pan, Wen-Chi; Eliot, Melissa N; Koutrakis, Petros; Coull, Brent A; Sorond, Farzaneh A; Wellenius, Gregory A

    2015-01-01

    Some prior studies have linked ambient temperature with risk of cerebrovascular events. If causal, the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying this putative association remain unknown. Temperature-related changes in cerebral vascular function may play a role, but this hypothesis has not been previously evaluated. We evaluated the association between ambient temperature and cerebral vascular function among 432 participants ≥65 years old from the MOBILIZE Boston Study with data on cerebrovascular blood flow, cerebrovascular resistance, and cerebrovascular reactivity in the middle cerebral artery. We used linear regression models to assess the association of mean ambient temperature in the previous 1 to 28 days with cerebrovascular hemodynamics adjusting for potential confounding factors. A 10°C increase in the 21-day moving average of ambient temperature was associated with a 10.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2%, 17.3%) lower blood flow velocity, a 9.0% (95% CI, 0.7%, 18.0%) higher cerebrovascular resistance, and a 15.3% (95%CI, 2.7%, 26.4%) lower cerebral vasoreactivity. Further adjustment for ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) did not materially alter the results. However, we found statistically significant interactions between ambient temperature and PM2.5 such that the association between temperature and blood flow velocity was attenuated at higher levels of PM2.5. In this elderly population, we found that ambient temperature was negatively associated with cerebral blood flow velocity and cerebrovascular vasoreactivity and positively associated with cerebrovascular resistance. Changes in vascular function may partly underlie the observed associations between ambient temperature and risk of cerebrovascular events.

  9. Estudio descriptivo de la enfermedad cerebrovascular en el Hospital Regional Docente de Ica-Perú 2003 – 2006

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. Jhonnel Alarco

    2010-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Determinar algunas características epidemiológicas de la enfermedad cerebro vascular (ECV, describir las características de la población estudiada según sexo, edad, procedencia, raza, forma de inicio, ubicación, tipos y subtipos, síntomas, antecedentes patológicos y mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo. Lugar: Hospital Regional Docente de Ica. Criterios de inclusión: pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de accidente cerebrovascular. Intervenciones: revisión de historias clínicas de archivo entre los años 2003 y 2006. Principales medidas de resultados: análisis estadístico: porcentajes y medidas de tendencia central, tabuladas en una base de datos con ayuda del programa Microsoft Excel 2003 para Windows®. Resultados: de 152 pacientes ingresados al servicio de Medicina 119 fueron casos de ECV isquémico, 33 casos fueron ECV hemorrágico. El principal antecedente patológico fue la hipertensión arterial con un 75.0 %. El síntoma más frecuente fue el trastorno motor con 80.3% seguido por alteraciones del lenguaje con 55.9%. El mayor número fue encontrado entre la séptima y octava décadas de la vida. La edad mínima fue de 17 y máxima de 102 años. La mortalidad global fue de 18 casos obteniéndose una tasa de letalidad específica para el ECV isquémico de 0,8% y de 51,5% para el ECV hemorrágico. Conclusiones: Se distingue a la HTA como el principal antecedente modificable, cuya prevención reduciría notablemente su mortalidad. Palabras clave:  accidente cerebrovascular, epidemiología, hospitales, Perú.

  10. Esclavos musulmanes en los hospitales de cautivos de la Orden Militar de Santiago (siglos XII y XIII

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Echevarría Arsuaga, Ana

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Military Orders had slave manpower in their lands since their foundation. However, the hospitals for ransoming captives owned by the Order of Santiago are the best example of how slavery worked in the kingdom of Leon-Castile during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. These houses had enough room to provide lodging for captives while ransoms were being negotiated. They also helped to redistribute those Muslims who, lacking this possibility, became slaves of the order itself, or were sold in the slave markets of the kingdom. The scarce records kept in the Archivo Histórico Nacional, section Órdenes Militares, referring to slaves, help to understand the development of traffic, work and manumission of these people.

    Las órdenes militares dispusieron desde su fundación de mano de obra esclava en sus tierras, pero la institución que mejor sirve para estudiar la esclavitud en los siglos XII y XIII en los reinos de León y Castilla son los hospitales para la redención de cautivos de la Orden de Santiago. Estas instituciones disponían de espacio para alojar a los cautivos mientras se negociaban rescates con los poderes islámicos, y atendían a la redistribución de aquellos musulmanes que, por no haber sido redimidos, pasaban a ser esclavos de la propia orden o a ser vendidos en los mercados de los reinos cristianos. Los escasos documentos de la sección de Órdenes Militares del Archivo Histórico Nacional dedicados a esclavos ayudan a comprender el funcionamiento del tráfico, trabajo y liberación de este colectivo.

  11. Percepción de la vasectomía en mujeres militares

    OpenAIRE

    Ruydíaz Gómez, Keydis Sulay; Fernández Aragón, Shirley Paola; Saldarriaga Genes, Guillermina

    2017-01-01

    Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de la vasectomía como método de planificación familiar en mujeres militares basadas en la teoría de acción razonada de Nola Pender. Metodología: Se trabajó con un enfoque cualitativo de tipo fenomenológico-descriptivo, con una muestra de catorce mujeres pertenecientes a las fuerza militares. La información se recolectó por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas, a través de un guión de entrevista; los datos se analizaron en tres fases: codificación abierta, co...

  12. Militarism's Killing Fields: From Gaza to Ferguson

    Science.gov (United States)

    Giroux, Henry

    2014-01-01

    Militarization and a military definition of life and culture have become normalized in the United States. This article explores the ways in which a military metaphysics has become the new normal for a nation not only at war abroad but also at home, especially with regards to the ongoing assaults waged by the state against youth, immigrants, and…

  13. Characteristics of cerebrovascular accidents at time of diagnosis in a series of 98 patients with giant cell arteritis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zenone, Thierry; Puget, Marie

    2013-12-01

    The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of cerebrovascular accidents at time of diagnosis in patients with giant cell arteritis. Retrospective data were collected from 98 patients at a single hospital with giant cell arteritis (according to the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria) diagnosed between October 1999 and January 2012. Cerebrovascular accident was found at initial presentation in 6 patients (6.1 %, 95 % CIs 2.3-12.9). Most of them had other symptoms of giant cell arteritis when the disease began. Signs reflecting the involvement of vertebro-basilar territory were present in 3 cases. No other case of cerebrovascular accident was described during the follow-up of patient; particularly no case of cerebrovascular accident occurred once corticosteroid therapy for the treatment of giant cell arteritis had been initiated. No differences in the epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features at the time of diagnosis between patients who had cerebrovascular accidents and the rest of the giant cell arteritis patients were observed. Prognosis was good in our survey. However, there was no case of bilateral vertebral artery occlusion, a condition associated with poor prognosis. The present study confirms that cerebrovascular accidents may be the initial manifestation of giant cell arteritis, an argument in favor of a direct effect of the vasculitis in the development of cerebrovascular accidents rather than a complication of the corticosteroid therapy. The diagnosis of giant cell arteritis should always be considered in an elderly patient with stroke and an unexplained elevation of inflammatory biomarkers.

  14. Mecanismos de control en la ciudad de Osorno en el contexto de dictadura militar 1973 - 1990

    OpenAIRE

    Miguel Ángel Sepúlveda Chávez

    2014-01-01

    El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir los mecanismos de poder y control utilizados en la ciudad de Osorno bajo en el período de Dictadura Militar.  El Golpe Militar del 11 de septiembre de 1973 y la instauración de una dictadura de diecisiete años en Chile, fue un hecho que marcó a la sociedad chilena en general.  Durante el tiempo que duró, se intentó omitir los violentos actos ejecutados contra todos los contrarios al régimen militar.  Sistemáticas violaciones a los Derechos Hu...

  15. Tratamiento antimicrobiano en la meningoencefalitis, Hospital Militar Central "Dr. Luis Díaz Soto", 2004-2011

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María del Carmen Jiménez Martínez

    Full Text Available Introducción: las meningoencefalitis constituyen un grupo de gran importancia dentro de las enfermedades infecciosas, en las cuales la introducción de los antibióticos hizo posible que fuese curable, pero la morbilidad y la mortalidad de esta enfermedad continúan siendo inaceptablemente altas. Objetivo: identificar la terapia antimicrobiana usada en las meningoencefalitis. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo. Se estudiaron 150 pacientes con diagnóstico de meningoencefalitis viral o meningoencefalitis bacteriana confirmada por cuadro clínico, estudio citoquímico del líquido cefalorraquídeo o identificación del agente etiológico. Todos se atendieron en el período comprendido entre los años 2004 y primer semestre del 2011, en los servicios de Medicina y Pediatría del Hospital Militar Central "Dr. Luis Díaz Soto". Se empleó el diseño de un estudio de utilización de medicamentos que hace uso de la indicación-prescripción y el esquema terapéutico para este tipo de paciente. Resultados: se utilizó terapia antimicrobiana en el 18,67 % de pacientes con meningoencefalitis viral (23,93 % de 117 y el 22 % con bacteriana (100 % de 33 casos. Las antibioticoterapias más usadas fueron la ceftriaxona (como único antibiótico en la meningoencefalitis viral, y asociada (ceftriaxona más vancomicina en la meningoencefalitis bacteriana. El patógeno más aislado (Streptococcus pneumoniae fue tratado en la mayoría de los casos con ceftriaxona más vancomicina. La generalidad de los tratamientos para la meningoencefalitis bacteriana duró menos de 21 días. Conclusiones: se evidenció el uso de terapia antimicrobiana en pacientes con meningoencefalitis viral y la coincidencia entre la terapia empírica y la específica en la meningoencefalitis bacteriana.

  16. Ordens militares de cavalaria de Portugal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Álvaro da Veiga Coimbra

    1963-03-01

    Full Text Available Falar nas Ordens Militares de Cavalaria de Portugal, é ter presente a própria história da fundação da monarquia e de re-cuperação territorial e também dos descobrimentos de novos mundos para a civilização. Aos seus cavaleiros couberam no cenário das lutas sangrentas e constantes da dinastia afonsina, os grandes postos da vanguarda.

  17. El proceso de transformación militar en España (2004-2011

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Guillem Colom

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available El artículo realiza un análisis de la Transformación militar española desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad. Tras la consolidación de este proceso en Estados Unidos en el 2001 y en la Alianza Atlántica dos años después, España inició la Transformación militar en el año 2004 para adaptar la estructura de fuerzas y catálogo de capacidades militares para satisfacer los retos actuales y futuros, garantizando así la continuidad del proceso de modernización material, la profesionalización de las fuerzas armadas, la adaptación de la arquitectura defensiva del país al mundo de la posguerra fría y de la integración española en las organizaciones de seguridad colectivas.

  18. Women and militarization in South Asia: Media Research Fellowships

    International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Digital Library (Canada)

    2016-05-04

    May 4, 2016 ... Women and militarization in South Asia: Media Research Fellowships ... of the research institutes and senior media personnel in May 2014. ... Sign up now for IDRC news and views sent directly to your inbox each month.

  19. As análises da memória militar sobre a ditadura: balanço e possibilidades

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cláudio Beserra de Vasconcelos

    2009-06-01

    Full Text Available Estudos baseados em fontes orais têm possibilitado boas reflexões sobre a ditadura implantada no Brasil em 1964. Entre elas, tem recebido especial atenção a memória dos militares partícipes do regime. De maneira inversa, a memória dos militares cassados tem recebido pouca atenção. Este artigo faz um balanço das principais análises da memória militar sobre a ditadura, tentando apresentar seus limites e levantar questões para o enriquecimento dos estudos sobre o tema.

  20. [Systolic blood pressure and functional outcome in patients with acute stroke: a Mexican registry of acute cerebrovascular disease (RENAMEVASC)].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Baños-González, Manuel; Cantú-Brito, Carlos; Chiquete, Erwin; Arauz, Antonio; Ruiz-Sandoval, José Luís; Villarreal-Careaga, Jorge; Barinagarrementeria, Fernando; Lozano, José Juan

    2011-01-01

    To analyze the association between the admission systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 30-day outcome in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease. The REgistro NAcional Mexicano de Enfermedad VAScular Cerebral (RENAMEVASC) is a hospital-based multicenter registry performed between November 2002 and October 2004. A total of 2000 patients with clinical syndromes of acute cerebrovascular disease confirmed by neuroimaging were registered. The modified Rankin scale was used for outcome stratification. We analyzed 1721 patients who had registered their SBP: 78 (4.5%) had transient ischemic attack, 894 (51.9%) brain infarction, 534 (30.9%) intracerebral hemorrhage, 165 (9.6%) subarachnoid hemorrhage and 50 (2.9%) cerebral venous thrombosis. Among 1036 (60.2%) patients with the antecedent of hypertension, only 32.4% had regular treatment. The 30-day case fatality rate presented a J pattern with respect to SBP, so that the risk of death was highest in 65 years (RR: 2.16, IC 95%: 1.74 - 2.67). Both hypotension and significant arterial hypertension at hospital admission are associated with an adverse outcome after acute cerebrovascular disease. Nevertheless, a good functional outcome can be attained in a wide range of SBP.

  1. Tomografía axial computarizada en pacientes con enfermedades cerebrovasculares hemorrágicas Computerized axial tomography in patients with hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases

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    Solángel Bolaños Vaillant

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 196 pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular hemorrágica, que abarcó desde enero del 2004 hasta igual mes del 2005 en el Hospital Provincial Docente “Saturnino Lora” de Santiago de Cuba, a los cuales se indicó una tomografía axial computarizada. Al relacionar las imágenes tomográficas con los síntomas y signos presentados por los enfermos, se halló lenguaje tropeloso en todos ellos; predominio de hematomas intraparenquimatosos, generalmente en ganglios basales y región temporal, así como primacía de la hipertensión arterial entre los antecedentes patológicos más importantes. Se concluyó que la tomografía axial computarizada es un medio para diagnóstico certero en las urgencias médicas por esa grave afección.A descriptive and cross sectional study of 196 patients with cerebrovascular hemorrhagic disease was carried out from January, 2004 to the same month of 2005 in "Saturnino Lora" Teaching Provincial Hospital from Santiago de Cuba, to whom a computerized axial tomography was indicated. When relating the tomographic images with the symptoms and signs which they presented, trouble speaking was detected in all of them; prevalence of intraparenchymatous hematomas, generally in basal ganglia and temporal region, as well as prevalence of hypertension among the most important pathological history. It was concluded that computarized axial tomography is a mean for precise diagnosis in medical emergencies due to that serious disorder.

  2. Animatógrafo da guerra: Canudos e Contestado e a fotografia militar no Brasil

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    Rogério Rosa Rodrigues

    Full Text Available O artigo analisa a relação que o Exército brasileiro manteve com a tecnologia fotográfica no final do século XIX e início do século XX. Foram analisados os acervos fotográficos de duas campanhas militares: o da Guerra de Canudos (1896-1897 e o da Guerra do Contestado (1914-1916. Investigou-se a forma como o Exército investiu na tecnologia fotográfica para registrar os feitos militares e combater as críticas efetuadas à repressão dos dois maiores conflitos sociais da Primeira República (1889-1930. São destacados os avanços nessa tecnologia e a lógica dos discursos oficiais incorporados nas representações fotográficas. Houve um deslocamento na forma de registrar e imortalizar os feitos militares entre Canudos e o Contestado, especialmente no que diz respeito à produção e circulação de fotografias relacionadas a morte e destruição no campo de batalha. Tal mudança esteve relacionada às transformações políticas e sociais vividas no Brasil durante o período, articuladas ao projeto local de modernização militar.

  3. Association of Vegetable Nitrate Intake With Carotid Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease in Older Women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bondonno, Catherine P; Blekkenhorst, Lauren C; Prince, Richard L; Ivey, Kerry L; Lewis, Joshua R; Devine, Amanda; Woodman, Richard J; Lundberg, Jon O; Croft, Kevin D; Thompson, Peter L; Hodgson, Jonathan M

    2017-07-01

    A short-term increase in dietary nitrate (NO 3 - ) improves markers of vascular health via formation of nitric oxide and other bioactive nitrogen oxides. Whether this translates into long-term vascular disease risk reduction has yet to be examined. We investigated the association of vegetable-derived nitrate intake with common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), plaque severity, and ischemic cerebrovascular disease events in elderly women (n=1226). Vegetable nitrate intake, lifestyle factors, and cardiovascular disease risk factors were determined at baseline (1998). CCA-IMT and plaque severity were measured using B-mode carotid ultrasound (2001). Complete ischemic cerebrovascular disease hospitalizations or deaths (events) over 14.5 years (15 032 person-years of follow-up) were obtained from the West Australian Data Linkage System. Higher vegetable nitrate intake was associated with a lower maximum CCA-IMT (B=-0.015, P =0.002) and lower mean CCA-IMT (B=-0.012, P =0.006). This relationship remained significant after adjustment for lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors ( P ≤0.01). Vegetable nitrate intake was not a predictor of plaque severity. In total 186 (15%) women experienced an ischemic cerebrovascular disease event. For every 1 SD (29 mg/d) higher intake of vegetable nitrate, there was an associated 17% lower risk of 14.5-year ischemic cerebrovascular disease events in both unadjusted and fully adjusted models ( P =0.02). Independent of other risk factors, higher vegetable nitrate was associated with a lower CCA-IMT and a lower risk of an ischemic cerebrovascular disease event. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

  4. Migraine, cerebrovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome

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    Alexandra J Sinclair

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Evidence is emerging that migraine is not solely a headache disorder. Observations that ischemic stroke could occur in the setting of a migraine attack, and that migraine headaches could be precipitated by cerebral ischemia, initially highlighted a possibly association between migraine and cerebrovascular disease. More recently, large population-based studies that have demonstrated that migraineurs are at increased risk of stroke outside the setting of a migraine attack have prompted the concept that migraine and cerebrovascular disease are comorbid conditions. Explanations for this association are numerous and widely debated, particularly as the comorbid association does not appear to be confined to the cerebral circulation as cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease also appear to be comorbid with migraine. A growing body of evidence has also suggested that migraineurs are more likely to be obese, hypertensive, hyperlipidemic and have impaired insulin sensitivity, all features of the metabolic syndrome. The comorbid association between migraine and cerebrovascular disease may consequently be explained by migraineurs having the metabolic syndrome and consequently being at increased risk of cerebrovascular disease. This review will summarise the salient evidence suggesting a comorbid association between migraine, cerebrovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome.

  5. El procesamiento en fuero especial a responsables de violaciones a derechos humanos: los fueros militar y policial

    OpenAIRE

    Duque, César

    2007-01-01

    La Constitución Política del Ecuador asigna a la jurisdicción militar y policial la tarea de juzgar a aquellos militares o policías, que en el ejercicio de sus funciones, hayan cometido delitos de función. Entonces la existencia de normas especiales que regulan la administración de justicia respecto de miembros de la fuerza pública se explica porque de conformidad con la Constitución en determinados casos los militares y los policías tienen "fuero" en relación con ciertas conductas específica...

  6. Prevalencia de neumatización del seno maxilar en población del Hospital Geriátrico Militar

    OpenAIRE

    García Linares, Sixto; Villaverde Mosco, Lizeth

    2017-01-01

    RESUMEN: Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la prevalencia de neumatización del seno maxilar y la relación con la pérdida de piezas adyacentes, en la población peruana geriátrica de un centro reconocido por la atención médica integral a los pacientes adultos mayores. Material y métodos: Se recogieron como muestras 60 radiografías panorámicas del Servicio de Odontología de la Clínica Geriátrica Militar de Chorrillos. El conteo de milímetros de la neumatización del seno maxilar...

  7. The Militarization of State as a Factor of Geopolitical Competition

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    A. V. Tolochko

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available This article analyses the conception of collision between Russia and the West. It presents the history of U.S.-Soviet relations in the context of globalization. The authors note that, despite the end of the Cold War after breakup of the Soviet Union, the militarization of politics has not taken back seat as a geopolitical factor and has directly affected the various aspects of national and international security. The subject matter change of the participants in this process should be noted as a special feature of the militarization of modern globalization. The role of transnational and nongovernmental organizations escalating the situation in many unstable parts of the world is increasing. The neutral states and international organizations which purpose is far from of militarism begin to be enlisted for military and political actions. In the article the processes of geopolitical competition and militarization are considered on the example of the Russia-West confrontation and the bilateral relations between the superpowers are analyzed in the historical perspective. The article presents the uprise of the Cold War as a natural phenomenon. The Cold War was a deliberate policy of the US administration aimed at establishing of US dominance in the postwar world. This strategy involved the confrontation with its geopolitical opponents and not partnership relations. The USA could reach its foreign-policy goals only through the Cold War. One of the main methods of battle was the arms race aimed at the economic attenuation of the USSR. The paper focuses on the problems in the relations between Russia and the USA at the contemporary stage. The article designates the role of Russia which is countering and responding the expansion of geopolitical competition as well as projecting of its national achievements and spiritual values in the world. The article considers in the context of geopolitics and the militarization of the country the reform of power

  8. Cerebrovascular Accidents Associated with Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    OpenAIRE

    Saif, Muhammad W.; Isufi, Iris; Peccerillo, Jennifer; Syrigos, Kostas N.

    2011-01-01

    Sorafenib is an oral angiogenetic multikinase inhibitor approved in the treatment of renal and hepatocellular carcinoma. Bleeding and venous thrombotic events have been described with angiogenetic agents but cerebrovascular accidents are rarely reported. We report two cases of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who developed a cerebrovascular accident while on sorafenib. Neither patient had any risk factors for the cerebrovascular events apart from gender and age in the second patient. La...

  9. [Descriptive study of cerebrovascular accidents in Douala, Cameroon].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chiasseu, Mbeumi M T; Mbahe, S

    2011-10-01

    A cerebrovascular accident or stroke is a sudden-onset cerebral deficit of vascular origin lasting more than 24 hours. These events represent the second leading cause of death in the world and take a particularly heavy toll in third world countries. The purpose of this study was to describe cerebrovascular lesions (type, location, size) as well as patient age and gender in Cameroon. Brain CT-scan and MRI findings from 50 stroke patients admitted to two health centers in Douala were reviewed. Data showed that 74% of patients were over 50 years of age, the 51-60 year group being the most affected. Patients were male in 64% of cases. Ischemic stroke accounted for 60% of cases versus 40% for hemorrhagic stroke. The most affected sites were the sylvian territory site in ischemic stroke and the temporal lobe in hemorrhagic stroke, acconting for 43.3% and 35% of cases respectively. The median size of ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions were 2.81 cm3, and 26.98 cm3 respectively. Hemorrhagic stroke and lacunar infarcts were more common in this sample. Discrepancies between results at the two hospitals may be due to the use of different imaging techniques. Indeed, MRI is known to be more sensitive than CT-scan for acute detection of stroke lesions.

  10. Incidence of cerebrovascular accidents in patients undergoing minimally invasive valve surgery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    LaPietra, Angelo; Santana, Orlando; Mihos, Christos G; DeBeer, Steven; Rosen, Gerald P; Lamas, Gervasio A; Lamelas, Joseph

    2014-07-01

    Minimally invasive valve surgery has been associated with increased cerebrovascular complications. Our objective was to evaluate the incidence of cerebrovascular accidents in patients undergoing minimally invasive valve surgery. We retrospectively reviewed all the minimally invasive valve surgery performed at our institution from January 2009 to June 2012. The operative times, lengths of stay, postoperative complications, and mortality were analyzed. A total of 1501 consecutive patients were identified. The mean age was 73 ± 13 years, and 808 patients (54%) were male. Of the 1501 patients, 206 (13.7%) had a history of a cerebrovascular accident, and 225 (15%) had undergone previous heart surgery. The procedures performed were 617 isolated aortic valve replacements (41.1%), 658 isolated mitral valve operations (43.8%), 6 tricuspid valve repairs (0.4%), 216 double valve surgery (14.4%), and 4 triple valve surgery (0.3%). Femoral cannulation was used in 1359 patients (90.5%) and central cannulation in 142 (9.5%). In 1392 patients (92.7%), the aorta was clamped, and in 109 (7.3%), the surgery was performed with the heart fibrillating. The median aortic crossclamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times were 86 minutes (interquartile range [IQR], 70-107) minutes and 116 minutes (IQR, 96-143), respectively. The median intensive care unit length of stay was 47 hours (IQR, 29-74), and the median postoperative hospital length of stay was 7 days (IQR, 5-10). A total of 23 cerebrovascular accidents (1.53%) and 38 deaths (2.53%) had occurred at 30 days postoperatively. Minimally invasive valve surgery was associated with an acceptable stroke rate, regardless of the cannulation technique. Copyright © 2014 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

  11. Trabajo emocional y burnout: un estudio con policías militares

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    Joatã Soares Coelho Alves

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de esta investigación fue verificar el papel predictor del trabajo emocional en la incidencia del burnout en policías militares. Participaron 525 militares profesionales: 408 hombres y 117 mujeres. Tres escalas adaptadas para portugués fueron usadas en el estudio: Emotional Labour Scale, Emotion Work Requirements Scale y la subescala de agotamiento emocional de Maslach Burnout Inventory. Análisis de regresión múltiple fueron realizados para evaluar el poder predictivo de las dimensiones de trabajo emocional y de variables sociodemográficas sobre el burnout. Los resultados indican que todas las dimensiones de trabajo emocional se mostraron como predictores de burnout: variedad e intensidad de las emociones, frecuencia de interacción con sospechosos y criminales, regulación profunda y regulación superficial, y la necesidad de expresar emociones positivas como parte del trabajo policial. Haber completado la escuela secundaria, ser Cabo y actuar en el servicio extremo también fueron predictores de burnout. Las evidencias del impacto del trabajo emocional y del cargo en la incidencia de burnout ponen en evidencia la importancia de dar atención especial a la salud y al desarrollo de competencias socioemocionales de policías militares

  12. Percepção da saúde mental em policiais militares da força tática e de rua

    OpenAIRE

    Oliveira,Katya Luciane de; Santos,Luana Minharo dos

    2010-01-01

    A vida laboral do policial militar está permeada por situações que envolvem estresse extremo. Esse fato pode gerar possíveis quadros de desequilíbrio emocional. Assim, explorar a percepção de policiais militares da força tática e de rua acerca dos aspectos que permeiam sua saúde mental foi o objetivo deste estudo. Participaram 24 policiais militares de dois Batalhões da Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo. Para aqueles que consentiram na participação, foi aplicado individualmente uma escal...

  13. Serum uric acid level as a cardio-cerebrovascular event risk factor in middle-aged and non-obese Chinese men.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Zhi-Jun; Yi, Chen-Ju; Li, Jing; Tang, Na

    2017-04-11

    The role of uric acid as a risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular diseases is controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum uric acid level and the risk of cardio-cerebrovascular events in middle-aged and non-obese Chinese men. We included 3152 participants from the health examination center of Tongji Hospital from June 2007 to June 2010. Clinical examination and medical records were collected at the annual health examination. The hazard ratios (HRs) of uric acid for cardio-cerebrovascular events were calculated by Cox proportional hazards models. Generalized additive model and threshold effect analysis were used to explore the non-linear relationship between serum uric acid level and the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular event. The mean follow-up time was 52 months. When the participants were classified into four groups by the serum acid quarter (Q1-Q4), the HRs (95% CI) of Q2-Q4 for cardio-cerebrovascular events were 1.26 (0.83, 1.92), 1.97 (1.33, 2.91) and 2.05 (1.40, 3.01), respectively, compared with the reference (Q1). The actual incidence and conditional incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular events in the high serum acid group were higher than those in the low serum acid group, which were stratified by the turning point (sUA = 372 μmol/L). We also showed a strong prognostic accuracy of the multiple variable-based score in 3 years and 5 years, with area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.790 (0.756-0.823) and 0.777 (0.749-0.804), respectively. Serum uric acid level is a strong risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular events.

  14. Clinical analysis of 34 cases symptomatic epilepsy secondary to cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zeng Mingyu; Liu Chunfeng

    2000-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the relation between cerebrovascular disease and symptomatic epilepsy. Method: 786 patients suffered cerebrovascular disease were retrospectively analyzed. Result: The occurrence rate of Secondary to Cerebrovascular Disease symptomatic epilepsy Secondary to Cerebrovascular Disease was 4.3%. Those older than 60 are prone to develop Acrodynia symptomatic epilepsy. Generalized epileptic seizure were often seen. Secondary to Cerebrovascular Disease epilepsy die to cortical lesion are more easily seem than subcortical lesion. Early epilepsy is more than late epilepsy. Conclusion: The cause of symptomatic epilepsy after cerebrovascular disease is not same in different types and course of CVD. Those who developed epilepsy particularly epilepsy continua would have bad prognosis

  15. Mapping hypercapnia-induced cerebrovascular reactivity using BOLD MRI

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Zande, F.H.R. van der; Hofman, P.A.M.; Backes, W.H. [Maastricht University Hospital, Department of Radiology, P.O. Box 5800, Maastricht (Netherlands)

    2005-02-01

    Severe carotid artery stenosis or occlusion may put patients at risk for ischaemic stroke. Reduced cerebrovascular reserve capacity is a possible indicator of an imminent ischaemic event and can be determined by assessment of cerebrovascular reactivity to a vasodilative stimulus. However, little is known about the distribution of cerebrovascular reactivity in healthy individuals. In 13 healthy volunteers, dynamic T{sub 2}{sup *} MR images, acquired at alternating inspiratory pCO{sub 2} levels, showed a high percentage of signal change in grey matter, with a strong linear correlation with end-tidal pCO{sub 2}. The mean percentages of signal change for grey and white matter were 5.9{+-}1.2% and 1.9{+-}0.5%, respectively. The mean time lag between CO{sub 2} stimulus and haemodynamic response was 15{+-}4 s for grey matter and 180{+-}12 s for white matter. Parameter mapping revealed a hemispherically symmetrical and homogeneous distribution of cerebrovascular reactivity over the entire grey matter. These findings indicate that it may be feasible to detect exhausted cerebrovascular autoregulation in patients with a compromised cerebral vasculature. (orig.)

  16. Mapping hypercapnia-induced cerebrovascular reactivity using BOLD MRI

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zande, F.H.R. van der; Hofman, P.A.M.; Backes, W.H.

    2005-01-01

    Severe carotid artery stenosis or occlusion may put patients at risk for ischaemic stroke. Reduced cerebrovascular reserve capacity is a possible indicator of an imminent ischaemic event and can be determined by assessment of cerebrovascular reactivity to a vasodilative stimulus. However, little is known about the distribution of cerebrovascular reactivity in healthy individuals. In 13 healthy volunteers, dynamic T 2 * MR images, acquired at alternating inspiratory pCO 2 levels, showed a high percentage of signal change in grey matter, with a strong linear correlation with end-tidal pCO 2 . The mean percentages of signal change for grey and white matter were 5.9±1.2% and 1.9±0.5%, respectively. The mean time lag between CO 2 stimulus and haemodynamic response was 15±4 s for grey matter and 180±12 s for white matter. Parameter mapping revealed a hemispherically symmetrical and homogeneous distribution of cerebrovascular reactivity over the entire grey matter. These findings indicate that it may be feasible to detect exhausted cerebrovascular autoregulation in patients with a compromised cerebral vasculature. (orig.)

  17. Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics in Women.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Duque, Cristina; Feske, Steven K; Sorond, Farzaneh A

    2017-12-01

    Sex and gender, as biological and social factors, significantly influence health outcomes. Among the biological factors, sex differences in vascular physiology may be one specific mechanism contributing to the observed differences in clinical presentation, response to treatment, and clinical outcomes in several vascular disorders. This review focuses on the cerebrovascular bed and summarizes the existing literature on sex differences in cerebrovascular hemodynamics to highlight the knowledge deficit that exists in this domain. The available evidence is used to generate mechanistically plausible and testable hypotheses to underscore the unmet need in understanding sex-specific mechanisms as targets for more effective therapeutic and preventive strategies. Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

  18. Associação entre bruxismo e estresse em policiais militares

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    Carvalho, Swellya da Costa Aroucha et al.

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: O trabalho teve por objetivo mensurar a prevalência de bruxismo e de estresse em policiais militares e sua possível associação. Metodologia: Um estudo transversal foi conduzido na cidade de São Luís, MA, com membros da Polícia Militar do Estado do Maranhão. Foram selecionados 81 policiais do sexo masculino (idade média = 33,5 anos, os quais foram diagnosticados como bruxistas de acordo com os critérios clínicos: presença de facetas de desgaste dental associadas ao auto-relato de ranger de dentes, sensibilidade dolorosa nos músculos masseter e temporal e desconforto na musculatura da mandíbula ao despertar. Para o diagnóstico de estresse foi aplicado o Inventário de Sintomas do Stress (Stress Symptoms Inventory – SSI. Resultados: A prevalência de bruxismo foi de 33,3% e a de estresse emocional, 13,6%. A prevalência de estresse em indivíduos com bruxismo foi significativamente maior em relação aos indivíduos sem bruxismo (teste qui-quadrado, P= 0,003. Conclusão: Dentro das limitações do estudo, concluiu-se que o estresse esteve associado à presença de bruxismo nesta amostra de policiais militares.

  19. Turismo militar no Concelho de Peniche

    OpenAIRE

    Furtado, Ana Vanessa Pereira

    2011-01-01

    Actualmente, o mercado mundial do turismo caracteriza-se pela evolução do turismo de massas generalizado para um tipo de turismo mais individual, mais especializado e exigente. O acesso à realização de viagens e deslocações encontra-se disseminado um pouco por todo o Mundo, e em ritmo de crescimento, pelo que cada vez mais os destinos necessitam apostar na especialização, na qualidade e na diversificação como forma de atrair visitantes. Neste contexto, apresenta-se o turismo de índole militar...

  20. Mecanismos de control en la ciudad de Osorno en el contexto de dictadura militar 1973 - 1990

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Ángel Sepúlveda Chávez

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir los mecanismos de poder y control utilizados en la ciudad de Osorno bajo en el período de Dictadura Militar.  El Golpe Militar del 11 de septiembre de 1973 y la instauración de una dictadura de diecisiete años en Chile, fue un hecho que marcó a la sociedad chilena en general.  Durante el tiempo que duró, se intentó omitir los violentos actos ejecutados contra todos los contrarios al régimen militar.  Sistemáticas violaciones a los Derechos Humanos, segregación, desigualdad social, instauración del sistema neoliberal, entre otras, son solo algunas de sus principales secuelas, que fueron respaldadas por los variados mecanismos de control utilizados por el Estado chileno.

  1. Correlation between serum fructosamine and hyperglycemia in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease

    Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (English)

    Kaiqiu Chu; Pengpeng Liu; Lijuan Tan; Shuhua Zhou; Lisheng Ren

    2006-01-01

    BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors in patients with acute cerebral disease, and always leads to stroke or get it worse. There is often a high level of blood glucose in those patients with diabetes mellitus and cerebral disease, but it is hard to distinguish from both kinds of hyperglycemia. Serum fructosamine is said to be correlated with blood glucose.OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between serum fructosamine and blood glucose in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.DESTGN: A case-controlled study.SETTINGS: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Health Department for Cadres and Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital, Qingdao University Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: Forty-eight inpatients and outpatients with cerebrovascular diseases were selected from the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College from December 2004 to April 2005. All the patients were confirmed with CT and MRI. There were 25 patients with diabetes mellitus secondary cerebrovascular diseases, who met the diagnostic standards of diabetes mellitus set by WHO,including 12 males and 13 females with an average of (60±8) years old, the course of diabetes mellitus ranged from 1 to 21 years.. The other 23 patients had no diabetes mellitus (without diabetes mellitus group), including 14 males and 9 females with an average of (62±6) years old. Meanwhile, another 50 healthy physical examinees in the hospital were selected as control group, including 26 males and 24 females with the average age of (62±5) years old. Informed content was obtained from all the participants.METHODS: Venous blood was drawn from all the participants, and content of blood glucose was assayed by means of glucose oxidase, and the concentration of serum fructosamine was determined by nitroblue tetrazolium colorimetric method. Comparison between groups was performed by the analysis of variance and q test, and the correlation was tested by linear

  2. Mecanismos de control en la ciudad de Osorno: contexto de dictadura militar, 1973-1990

    OpenAIRE

    Sepúlveda Chávez, Miguel Ángel

    2015-01-01

    El siguiente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir los mecanismos de poder y de control utilizados en la ciudad de Osorno bajo el periodo de dictadura militar, el cual implícitamente es un primer acercamiento a una investigación que busca comprender el proceso de resistencia vivido en la ciudad durante el periodo dictatorial. El golpe militar del 11 de septiembre de 1973 y la instauración de una dictadura durante 17 años en Chile, fue un hecho que marcó a la sociedad chilena en general. Duran...

  3. Evaluation of computer tomography in cerebro-vascular disease (Strokes)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, Young Sik; Baek, Seung Yon; Rhee, Chung Sik; Kim, Hee Seup

    1984-01-01

    Most of cerebrovascular disease are composed of vascular occulusive changes and hemorrhage. Now a day, the computed tomography is the best way for evaluation of cerebrovascular disease including detection of nature, location, and associated changes. This study includes evaluation of computed tomography of 70 patients with cerebrovascular disease during the period of 10 months from April. 1983 to Feb. 1984 in Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University Hospital. The results were as follows: 1. Age distribution of the total 70 patients was broad ranging from 25 years to 79 years. 78.6% of patients were over the age of 50. The male and female sex ratio was 1.4:1. 2. 4 out of 70 patients were normal and 66 patients revealed abnormal on C.T. findings; those were intracranial hemorrhage (28 patients), cerebral infarction (34 patients) and brain atrophy (4 patients). 3. In cases of cerebral infarction, the cerebral hemisphere was most common site of lesion (28 cases), and next was basal ganglia (2 cases). Most of the infarcts in cerebral hemisphere were located in the parietal and temporal lobes. 4. In cases of intracranial hemorrhage, the basal ganglia was most common site of lesion (15 cases). The next common site was cerebral hemisphere (9 cases). 6 patients of all intracranial hemorrhage were combined with intraventricular hemorrhage. Ratio of right and left was 2:3. 5. In patients with motor weakness or hemiparesis, more common findings on CT scan were cerebral infarction. In case with hemiplegia, more common CT findings were intracerebral hemorrhage. 6. Of the 40 cases thought to be cerebral infarction initially by clinical findings and spinal tap. 8 cases (20.0%) were proved to be cerebral hemorrhage by the CT scan. However, of the 22 cases thought to be cerebral hemorrhage, initially, only two cases (9.0%) were cerebral infarction

  4. Represión y vigilancia hacia el Trabajo Docente durante la Dictadura Militar en Chile (1973-1990

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Felipe Andres Zurita Garrido

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las políticas de represión y vigilancia ejercidas contra el Trabajo Docente durante la Dictadura Militar (1973-1990. Para alcanzar este objetivo se interrogan diferentes fuentes: Informes de Derechos Humanos, Actas de las Sesiones Secretas de la Junta Militar y documentos propios del funcionamiento cotidiano del aparato de represión. Allí, la figura de profesoras y profesores encuentra un lugar de destaque en tanto grupo a corregir y perseguir, situación que invita a sostener que la Dictadura Militar dedicó una especial atención hacía el Trabajo Docente, apoyándose en estrategias de vigilancia y persecución especialmente diseñadas para estas finalidades.

  5. Ischemia-modified albumin levels in cerebrovascular accidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gunduz, Abdulkadir; Turedi, Suleyman; Mentese, Ahmet; Altunayoglu, Vildan; Turan, Ibrahim; Karahan, Suleyman Caner; Topbas, Murat; Aydin, Murat; Eraydin, Ismet; Akcan, Buket

    2008-10-01

    Previous studies have demonstrated that ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a useful marker for the diagnosis of ischemic events. It was also recently demonstrated that IMA levels increase in the acute phase of cerebrovascular diseases. Yet the data regarding IMA levels in various types of cerebrovascular events are insufficient. The aim of this study was to evaluate IMA levels in various types of cerebrovascular events such as ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and intracranial hemorrhage. This case-controlled study consisted of 106 consecutive patients, 43 with brain infarction (BI), 11 with brain hemorrhage (ICH), 52 with SAH, and a 43-member control group. We investigated whether there was a statistical correlation between these 3 groups and the control group. The relations among the 3 groups were also examined. Comparisons among groups were done with analysis of variance. Mean serum IMA levels were 0.280 +/- 0.045 absorbance units (ABSU) for BI patients, 0.259 +/- 0.053 ABSU for ICH patients, 0.243 +/- 0.061 ABSU for SAH patients, and 0.172 +/- 0.045 ABSU for the control group.There was a statistically significant difference between the mean IMA levels of BI, ICH, and SAH patients and the mean control patient IMA levels (P b .0001). Ischemia-modified albumin levels are high in cerebrovascular diseases. Ischemia-modified albumin measurement can also be used to distinguish SAH from BI during the acute phase of cerebrovascular event in the emergency department.

  6. Ocurrencia de enfermedad cerebrovascular en pacientes hipertensos

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    María de la Concepción Orbay Araña

    2002-10-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio para establecer la relación entre la hipertensión arterial esencial y la enfermedad cerebrovascular, en 19 consultorios del Médico de la Familia del Policlínico Plaza de la Revolución. Se aplicó una encuesta a pacientes reevaluados como hipertensos, confeccionándose una base de datos para tratamiento en el sistema FOXBASE versión 5.0. Aplicamos prueba de asociación entre variables cualitativas que se distribuyen en Chi cuadrado. Se identificó el comportamiento de la hipertensión arterial atendiendo a grados, los grupos etáreos, el sexo, la raza y los factores de riesgo asociados. Se estableció igualmente la relación entre el control de la hipertensión arterial y la aparición de la enfermedad cerebrovascular y encontramos un 15 % de población hipertensa, predominando la moderada (36,88 %, con mayor representación los grupos etáreos de 55 a 64 años (38,29 % y de 45 a 54 (23,16 %, del sexo femenino (55,02 % y de la raza blanca (54,04 %. La ocurrencia de enfermedad cerebrovascular estuvo representada por el 4, 35 %, correspondiente a 71 pacientes, con mayor asociación a la hipertensión arterial severa. No resultó significativamente estadística la relación entre enfermedad cerebrovascular e hipertensión arterial.A study was conducted to establish the relationship between essential arterial hypertension and cerebrovascular disease in 19 family physician offices of "Plaza de la Revolución" Polyclinic. Those patientes reevaluated as hypertensive were surveyed. A database for treatment was created in the FOXBASE system, version 5.0. A Chi square test of association among qualitative variables, which are distributed, was applied. The behavior of arterial hypertension was identified according to degrees, age groups, sex, race and the associated risk factors. The relation between the control of arterial hypertension and the appearance of cerebrovascular disease was also established. It was found a 15 % of

  7. Depression and dementia of cerebrovascular origin

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marmorato Paulo Germano

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available We report the case of a patient who presented various psychiatric syndromes at the time of evaluation - partial complex epileptic seizures, personality change, and severe depression, which eventually progressed to dementia - resulting from multiple cerebral infarctions of probable neuro-angiopathic origin, of unknown etiology. Aspects related to depression following cerebrovascular accidents, as well as how cerebrovascular accidents can result in different disorders depending on the variables, are discussed based on the data from current literature.

  8. Raca e mortalidade cerebrovascular no Brasil

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    Paulo Andrade Lotufo

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Sendo desconhecidas as taxas de mortalidade cerebrovascular segundo raça no Brasil, foram coletadas informações de óbitos de 2010 do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde. Foram calculadas as taxas de mortalidade cerebrovascular, ajustadas por idade (por 100 mil, com intervalo de confiança de 95%, por sexo e raça/cor de pele. A diferença entre brancos, pardos e negros foi significativa para homens, com taxas, respectivamente, de 44,4 (43,5;45,3, 48,2 (47,1;49,3 e 63,3 (60.6;66,6; e para mulheres, com taxa, respectivamente, de 29,0 (28,3;29,7, 33,7 (32,8;34,6 e 51,0 (48,6;53,4. Em conclusão, a mortalidade cerebrovascular no Brasil é maior entre negros.

  9. Domingo Irwin, Relaciones civiles-militares en el siglo XX, Caracas, El Centauro, 2000, 224 pp.

    OpenAIRE

    Langue, Frédérique

    2005-01-01

    En la larga lista de los interrogantes planteados por la " revolución bolivariana " del Presidente Chávez en la Venezuela de hoy figura sin lugar a dudas la naturaleza de la misma. ¿Régimen militarista, autoritario, retoño del caudillismo, manifestación de pretorianismo, nueva simbiosis entre la sociedad civil y el sector militar ? Especialista de las relaciones civiles-militares en la larga duración, Domingo Irwin aborda en esta entrega una temática pluridisciplinaria dominada por la histori...

  10. ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS IN PREGNANCY, LABOR AND POSTPARTUM

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    R. R. Arustamyan

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Background: Acute cerebrovascular accidents are rare and serious complication of pregnancy, labor and puerperium, leading to an increase in maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. More than 12% of maternal mortality is related to stroke. Aim: To assess the impact of pregnancy on the incidence of stroke, as well as the impact of cerebrovascular disorders on pregnancy, labor and puerperium. Materials and methods: We retrospectively and prospectively analyzed the course of pregnancy, labor and puerperium in 136 female patients with strokes of various etiologies. The diagnosis of stroke and cerebrovascular disorders was verified with magnetic resonance imaging, angiography, conventional and multiaxial computerized tomography, ophthalmoscopy, electroencephalography, electrocardiography and echocardiography (trans-thoracic and trans-esophageal, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring and electrocardiogram monitoring, ultrasound assessment of extra and intracranial vasculature with duplex scanning, cerebral angiography and laboratory assessments. Results: The analysis of 92 strokes that occurred during pregnancy, labor and postpartum showed that 38% of the cases (n=35 were caused by various cerebrovascular abnormalities. In 18.5% of the cases (n=17, acute cerebrovascular accidents occurred in patients with preeclampsia/eclampsia. Most often (84.8%, or 78/97 of cases strokes or other cerebrovascular accidents developed in II and III trimesters. The most severe cases were patients with intracranial hemorrhages (n=31. In this group, there were 5  deaths of mothers, 1  antenatal and 1  neonatal fetal deaths. In 90% of these cases (28/31, intracranial hemorrhage in pregnancy was related to manifestation of intracerebral vascular abnormality (arteriovenous malformations, arterial aneurysms, cavernomas. We observed a 4-fold rate of arteriovenous malformation ruptures during pregnancy (21 cases vs. 5. The rates of arterial aneurysm and cavernoma ruptures

  11. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation and cerebrovascular accidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stortecky, Stefan; Wenaweser, Peter; Windecker, Stephan

    2012-09-01

    Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an evidence-based treatment alternative for selected high-risk patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis as acknowledged in the most recent edition of the ESC Guidelines on Valvular Heart Disease 2012. However, periprocedural complications and in particular cerebrovascular accidents remain a matter of concern. While transcatheter heart valve technology continuously improves and the development of novel and even less invasive implantation techniques is on-going, cerebrovascular events complicating TAVI may abrogate the usual improvement in terms of prognosis and quality of life. This article describes the incidence of cerebrovascular events after cardiovascular procedures, provides an overview of the pathophysiological mechanisms as well as the impact on outcomes and provides some insights into preventive strategies as well as the acute management of these events.

  12. Non-invasive examination method for cerebrovascular diseases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chiba, Kazuo

    1979-01-01

    CT is superior in the diagnosis of the characteristics and the region of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) to the examination with RI. The RI examination can only demonstrate the cerebrovascular diseases with large area disturbance of the cerebral cortex, that passed some days after the attack. Moreover, it is difficult to detect the small lesions or the lesions localized in the deep area such as the basal nucleus and the internal capsule by this method. A slight decrease and retardation in unilateral cerebral blood flow (under 20%, within 1.5 second) found by RI-angiography does not always indicate the side of the lesion of cerebrovascular diseases. It is expected that non-invasive examination method for CVD is improved more, and that more precise estimation method for regional cerebral circulation is developed. (Tsunoda, M.)

  13. El declinar militar hispánico durante el reinado de Carlos II

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    Antonio ESPINO LÓPEZ

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: En el presente trabajo, nuestra intención ha sido explicar la decadencia militar de la Monarquía Hispánica durante el reinado de Carlos II (1665-1700. Pero para conseguirlo, es necesario iniciar el análisis de este tema en el reinado de Felipe IV. A partir de la década de 1630 se vio clara la necesidad de introducir cambios profundos en la institución militar; unas reformas que la tratadistica militar del momento señaló profusamente. En primer lugar señalamos la continua reducción del número de efectivos en los ejércitos hispánicos a lo largo del siglo XVII, de modo que los principales frentes de combate -Milán, Flandes y Cataluña- nunca contarán con la cantidad necesaria de tropas. Analizamos la estructura interna del ejército a partir del ejemplo del Ejército de Cataluña, de esta forma observamos sus carencias fundamentales -tanto las de las tropas, como las del ejército como institución- y, por último, observamos críticamente las soluciones que se intentaron aplicar en la época, todas ellas lastradas por las dificultades económicas del momento.ABSTRACT: The present article describes the Spanish military decadence during the reign of Charles II of Spain (1665-1700. The author starts his analysis from the reign of Philip IV of Spain because from the 1630s the need of making substancial changes in the warfare was absolutely clear. In fact, that changes were described in the militar treatises of the moment. First of all, the main front of combat -Milan, the Netherlands and Catalonianever had the appropiate number of troops, because of its lack of men during the XVIIth century. Secondly, those troops lived permanently in very hard conditions, as it can be seen in the Catalan case. Finally, all the solutions were failed because of the economic difficulties of that monarchy.

  14. Influence of cerebrovascular disease on brain networks in prodromal and clinical Alzheimer's disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chong, Joanna Su Xian; Liu, Siwei; Loke, Yng Miin; Hilal, Saima; Ikram, Mohammad Kamran; Xu, Xin; Tan, Boon Yeow; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Chen, Christopher Li-Hsian; Zhou, Juan

    2017-11-01

    Network-sensitive neuroimaging methods have been used to characterize large-scale brain network degeneration in Alzheimer's disease and its prodrome. However, few studies have investigated the combined effect of Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease on brain network degeneration. Our study sought to examine the intrinsic functional connectivity and structural covariance network changes in 235 prodromal and clinical Alzheimer's disease patients with and without cerebrovascular disease. We focused particularly on two higher-order cognitive networks-the default mode network and the executive control network. We found divergent functional connectivity and structural covariance patterns in Alzheimer's disease patients with and without cerebrovascular disease. Alzheimer's disease patients without cerebrovascular disease, but not Alzheimer's disease patients with cerebrovascular disease, showed reductions in posterior default mode network functional connectivity. By comparison, while both groups exhibited parietal reductions in executive control network functional connectivity, only Alzheimer's disease patients with cerebrovascular disease showed increases in frontal executive control network connectivity. Importantly, these distinct executive control network changes were recapitulated in prodromal Alzheimer's disease patients with and without cerebrovascular disease. Across Alzheimer's disease patients with and without cerebrovascular disease, higher default mode network functional connectivity z-scores correlated with greater hippocampal volumes while higher executive control network functional connectivity z-scores correlated with greater white matter changes. In parallel, only Alzheimer's disease patients without cerebrovascular disease showed increased default mode network structural covariance, while only Alzheimer's disease patients with cerebrovascular disease showed increased executive control network structural covariance compared to controls. Our

  15. The Effects of Endotracheal Suctioning with Manual Hyperventilation on Cerebrovascular Status of Closed Head Injured Patients

    Science.gov (United States)

    1989-02-02

    PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION AFIT STUDENT AT (if applicable) AFIT/CIA Univ of MDI 6c. ADDRESS (City, State...Medicine, Pediatrics, ICU USAF Regional Hospital RAF Lakenheath, England 1987-Present Graduate Student Air Force Institute of Technology University...open or closed head injury to determine the acute physiologic alterations in cerebrovascular status that occurred during chest physiotherapy (CPT). ICP

  16. Seminario Internacional de Ordenes Militares. Nota acerca de autorías, responsabilidades y agradecimientos

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    Fernando ANDRÉS ROBRES

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Es ésta una obra verdaderamente colectiva, tanto en su planteamiento como en su ejecución. Se ha nutrido del trabajo, la reflexión y las sugerencias del conjunto de un amplio grupo no formalmente instituido de historiadores de universidades italianas, españolas y portuguesas que se autotituló una vez, es cierto que sin demasiada originalidad, Grupo internacional para el estudio de las Ordenes Militares («Las Ordenes Militares y Caballerescas en la Edad Moderna», Historia 16, n.° 225, Madrid, enero de 1995, pp. 53-74 y que de un tiempo a esta parte se viene reconociendo bajo el nombre de Seminario Internacional de Ordenes Militares, que refleja mejor su coordinación a través de encuentros científicos (a los que de inmediato se alude y que tiene su órgano de expresión en la revista Militarium Ordinum Analecta (que edita anualmente en Oporto y desde 1997 con ayuda de la Fundación Antonio de Almeida, aunque sus miembros han publicado y publican en muchos otros lugares y aunque, recíprocamente, la revista no está restringida a los miembros del Seminario.

  17. Effects of aspiration pneumonia on the intensive care requirements and in-hospital mortality of hospitalised patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Güngen, Adil Can; Aydemir, Yusuf; Güngen, Belma Dogan; Yazar, Esra Ertan; Yağız, Orhan; Aras, Yeşim Güzey; Gümüş, Hatice; Erkorkmaz, Ünal

    2017-08-01

    In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of the development of aspiration pneumonia (AP) on the intensive care unit (ICU) requirements and in-hospital mortality of patients hospitalised in the neurology ward due to an acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Five hundred and three patients hospitalised in the neurology ward following an acute CVA were retrospectively analysed. The patients were divided into two groups: those with AP (group 1) and those without AP (group 2). Demographic characteristics and physical and radiological findings, including the localisation, lateralisation and aetiology of the infarction, in addition to ICU requirements and mortality, were evaluated. Aspiration pneumonia was detected in 80 (15.9%) patients during the in-hospital stay. Transfer to the ICU for any reason was required in 37.5% of the patients in group 1 and 4.7% of those in group 2 ( p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality occurred in 7.5% and 1.4% of the patients in group 1 and group 2, respectively ( p = 0.006). The incidence of AP was highest in patients with an infarction of the medial cerebral artery (MCA) ( p < 0.001). The AP was associated with older age ( p < 0.001), hypertension ( p = 0.007), echocardiography findings ( p = 0.032) and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score ( p < 0.001). Our findings suggest that the requirement rate for transfer to the ICU and the mortality rate appear to be significantly higher in patients with a diagnosis of AP. Precautions should be taken, starting from the first day of hospitalisation, to decrease the incidence of AP in patients with acute CVA, focusing especially on older patients and those with a severe mRS score.

  18. Marketing institucional: fortalecimento da marca Polícia Militar

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    José Ronaldo Andrade

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo visa ressaltar a importância do fortalecimento da marca da Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo, que influência nas atividades operacionais e imagem da instituição, uma vez que compromete a reputação e sensação de segurança da população e que devido a sua importância precisa ser constantemente aprimorado. A finalidade da presente pesquisa é analisar a viabilidade de implantação de uma Gestão de Fortalecimento da Marca da PMESP, baseado na implantação de um sistema integrado de marketing, educação e treinamento do policial militar, com o objetivo de colocar essa gestão dentro dos padrões de excelência preconizados pela gestão contemporânea. Os métodos empregados baseiam-se em pesquisa bibliográfica, com fundamentos conceituais, legais e pesquisa de campo, realizada por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, questões direcionadas ao Centro de Comunicação Social em virtude de possuir parte das informações desejadas e facilidade de acesso a outros órgãos da Corporação, com o objetivo de se verificar se há algum trabalho de educação e treinamento na área de marketing relacionado à marca, recursos financeiros suficientes e se é utilizado um sistema integrado de marketing. O resultado da pesquisa aponta para a necessidade de se adotar um modelo de gestão da marca que privilegie a participação de todos, desde a alta gerência até o soldado recém-ingressado para atingir metas em direção à proteção da marca da polícia. Ao final, conclui-se que a proposta apresenta-se como um instrumento capaz de fortalecer a marca da Instituição e provocar uma mudança de atitude nos policiais militares, contribuindo para o legado institucional.

  19. El gasto militar en el Estado de Bolívar 1859-1886

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    Luis Miguel Pardo Bueno

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available En el presente artículo, estudio la evolución del gasto militar en el Estado de Bolívar, entre los años de 1859 y 1886, durante los gobiernos del liberalismo radical en los Estados Unidos de Colombia. Para ello, compilé a través de la Gaceta de Bolívar y otros documentos oficiales, los presupuestos públicos anuales del Estado, centrando mi interés en analizar el gasto en el departamento administrativo de la milicia. Mi objetivo principal es mostrar, cómo las políticas del liberalismo radical se enfocaron en la descentralización fiscal y militar, con el fin de fortalecer a los poderes locales, cediéndole a las élites regionales el control y la administración de los recursos del Estado de Bolívar y de su milicia. Para lograr este objetivo, indagué por las formas de financiación de la milicia del Estado y los gastos internos para su funcionamiento, dando cuenta de la escasa partida presupuestal para pagar sueldos, material de guerra, educación y sanidad militar, lo que conllevó a que en la práctica la milicia estatal reclamara de la sociedad a través de recursos privados, las expropiaciones y los empréstitos, los rubros necesarios para su organización y funcionamiento.

  20. Il compasso geometrico e militare di Galileo Galilei testi, annotazioni e disputa negli scritti di G. Galilei, M. Bernegger e B. Capra

    CERN Document Server

    1992-01-01

    Il compasso geometrico e militare / di Roberto Vergara Caffarelli - Le operazioni del compasso geometrico e militare / Galileo Galilei - Annotazioni / Mattia Bernaggeri - Usus et fabrica circini cuiusdam proportionis / Baldassarre Capra - Difesa contro alle calunnie ed imposture di Baldassar Capra.

  1. Sildenafil increases cerebrovascular reactivity: a transcranial Doppler study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Diomedi, M; Sallustio, F; Rizzato, B; Ferrante, F; Leone, G; Spera, E; Scarfini, M; Bernardi, G

    2005-09-27

    The authors performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 28 patients to evaluate the effects of sildenafil on cerebral hemodynamics. A significant improvement of cerebrovascular reactivity, without any modification of other variables, was recorded 1 hour after the administration of 50 mg sildenafil. Further investigations are needed to evaluate whether cerebrovascular reactivity improvement could contribute to triggering sildenafil-induced migraine.

  2. Emoções e guerras: da Micronésia às bases militares americanas

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    Clara Saraiva

    2007-11-01

    Full Text Available Catherine Lutz tem um PhD em antropologia cultural da Universidade de Harvard, é professora do Departamento de Antropologia da Brown University, e investigadora do Watson Institute for International Studies da mesma universidade. Os seus temas de pesquisa debruçam-se sobre a antropologia das emoções, construção do género e da noção de raça, teoria crítica, mudanças na democracia e, mais recentemente, guerra, grupos militares e sociedade, nomeadamente através do estudo de bases militares americanas e do retorno de militares americanos dissidentes da guerra do Iraque. Lutz conduziu igualmente pesquisa para organizações activistas e todas estas temáticas se relacionam com a vontade de compreender as articulações socais e culturais das construções de poder e de desigualdade. Algumas das suas obras, influentes no campo da antropologia das emoções, da antropologia cognitiva e da história política são Unnatural Emotions: Everyday Sentiments on a Micronesian Atoll and their Challenge to Western Theory; Language and the Politics of Emotion(com Abu-Lughod; Reading National Geographic; Homefront: a Military City and the American 20th Century; Local Democracy under Siege: Activism, Public Interests, and Private Politics; The Bases of the Empire. The Struggle against US Military Posts, além de vários artigos como "Empire is in the details" e "Making war at home in the United States: militarization and the current crisis". Nesta entrevista Lutz fala sobre o que tem sido o seu trabalho e as suas preocupações académicas mas também sociais e interventivas.

  3. Comparative magnetic resonance imaging findings between gliomas and presumed cerebrovascular accidents in dogs.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cervera, Vicente; Mai, Wilfried; Vite, Charles H; Johnson, Victoria; Dayrell-Hart, Betsy; Seiler, Gabriela S

    2011-01-01

    Cerebrovascular accidents, or strokes, and gliomas are common intraaxial brain lesions in dogs. An accurate differentiation of these two lesions is necessary for prognosis and treatment decisions. The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of 21 dogs with a presumed cerebrovascular accident and 17 with a glioma were compared. MR imaging findings were reviewed retrospectively by three observers unaware of the final diagnosis. Statistically significant differences between the appearance of gliomas and cerebrovascular accidents were identified based on lesion location, size, mass effect, perilesional edema, and appearance of the apparent diffusion coefficient map. Gliomas were predominantly located in the cerebrum (76%) compared with presumed cerebrovascular accidents that were located mainly in the cerebellum, thalamus, caudate nucleus, midbrain, and brainstem (76%). Gliomas were significantly larger compared with presumed cerebrovascular accidents and more commonly associated with mass effect and perilesional edema. Wedge-shaped lesions were seen only in 19% of presumed cerebrovascular accidents. Between the three observers, 10-47% of the presumed cerebrovascular accidents were misdiagnosed as gliomas, and 0-12% of the gliomas were misdiagnosed as cerebrovascular accidents. Diffusion weighted imaging increased the accuracy of the diagnosis for both lesions. Agreement between observers was moderate (kappa = 0.48, P < 0.01).

  4. Las construcciones de lo Español entre los Militares Norteamericanos en Puerto Rico, 1898-1899

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    Picó, Fernando

    1997-12-01

    Full Text Available When evaluating the situation of the Portorrican population, some Northamerican Army officers placed "the Spanish element" vis a vis "the portorrican element" in order to reaffirm their rejection ofthe Island. Others blamed the Spaniards for all the evils they perceived or imagined. These reports were written in the context of a political transition in which the US officers were forced to resolve a contradiction between an invasion allegedly destined to set the Portorricans free from the Spaniards, and the fact that the main task of the military occupation was to protect the Spaniards against the Portorricans. Through the analysis of the attitudes of three Army officers as shown in the military correspondence produced during the first two years of the occupation (US National Archives, the author concludes that the construction of "the Portorrican" as "the Spaniard" began with North Americans themselves, at the time of the military government.

    En su apreciación de la población de la isla algunos militares norteamericanos contraponen lo español a lo puertorriqueño para corroborar su rechazo de lo insular. Otros culpan a los españoles de todos los males percibidos o imaginados. Estos ejercicios se dan en el contexto de supervisar una transición política en donde los militares se vieron en la necesidad de resolver la contradicción entre una invasión asumida para liberar a los puertorriqueños de España y una ocupación cuya principal tarea militar fue proteger a los españoles contra los puertorriqueños. Utilizando la correspondencia militar de los primeros dos años de ocupación habida en los Archivos Nacionales de los Estados Unidos, se examinan las actitudes de tres oficiales, concluyendo que la construcción de lo puertorriqueño como lo español comenzó con los propios norteamericanos del gobierno militar.

  5. [Early management of cerebrovascular accidents].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Libot, Jérômie; Guillon, Benoit

    2013-01-01

    A cerebrovascular accident requires urgent diagnosis and treatment.The management of a stroke must be early and adapted in order to improve the overall clinical outcome and lower the risk of mortality.

  6. O movimento civil-militar de 1964 e os intelectuais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José Luís Sanfelice

    Full Text Available Este estudo deseja captar no movimento da história, em uma conjuntura determinada, tensões que opuseram diferentes sujeitos sociais dos anos de 1970, no Brasil. Em um dos pólos localiza-se o pensamento expresso pelos primeiros governantes do movimento civil-militar que ocuparam o aparelho de Estado em 1964. Humberto Castelo Branco, presidente da República, Flávio Suplicy de Lacerda, ministro da Educação e Cultura, e Raymundo Moniz de Aragão, com seus pronunciamentos no V Fórum Universitário, encarregaram-se de transmitir o pensamento do governo à sociedade. Na seqüência, em curto espaço de tempo, os reflexos apareceriam no aparato legal da reforma universitária consentida. O contraponto à visão oficial encontra-se, para fins deste trabalho, em um texto da época de autoria de Florestan Fernandes e que resultou da conferência proferida na abertura do I Fórum de Professores, realizado no Rio de Janeiro em 1968. Espera-se, analisando o conflito ideológico, alcançar uma compreensão crítica mais acurada do movimento civil-militar de 1964 e das suas relações com diferentes intelectuais.

  7. A Ditadura Militar e o ensino de História: uma relação conflituosa

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bruno Rafael Machado Nascimento

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar como o ensino da disciplina história foi tratado durante a ditadura militar no Brasil, sobretudo, na década de 1970. Utilizou-se nesta pesquisa bibliográfica livros e artigos para se chegar a uma síntese sobre como os governos militares buscaram fragmentar o ensino de história através da criação de uma disciplina que uniu História e Geografia no primeiro grau. Dessa forma, percebeu-se que a escola foi compreendida pelos militares como espaço de conformação da sociedade aos seus valores e que o conhecimento histórico foi movido para formar cidadãos patriotas, obedientes e subservientes enfocando a perspectiva tecnicista de preparar tão somente para o mercado de trabalho. Estudar essa temática implica em compreender os caminhos e descaminhos da história da disciplina. É enfrentar um tema ainda sensível em que memórias estão em disputas na sociedade brasileira.

  8. [Epidemiology of cerebrovascular disease in Spain].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brea, Angel; Laclaustra, Martín; Martorell, Esperanza; Pedragosa, Angels

    2013-01-01

    In Spain, cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is a very common cause of morbidity and hospitalization. They are the second leading cause of mortality in the general population, and the first in women. They also constitute a very high social spending, which is estimated to increase in coming years, due to the aging of our population. Data from the Hospital Morbidity Survey of the National Statistics Institute recorded, in 2011, 116,017 strokes and 14,933 transient ischemic attacks, corresponding, respectively, to an incidence of 252 and 32 events per 100,000 people. In 2002, the cost of hospitalization for each stroke was estimated at €3,047. The amount of total cost health care throughout the life of a stroke patient is calculated at €43,129. Internationally, the direct costs of stroke constitute 3% of national health spending, this being similar amount in different countries around us. Hypertension was the cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF) more prevalent in both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, followed by dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus. Peripheral arterial disease and hypertension were more frequently associated with atherothrombotic events, atrial fibrillation with cardioembolic strokes, and obesity and high blood pressure to lacunar infarcts. In Spain, as showing several studies, we are far from optimal control of CVRF, especially in secondary prevention of stroke. According to the ICTUSCARE study, achieving recommended values was 17.6% in the case of hypertension, 29.8% in LDL-cholesterol, 74.9% of smoking, and 50.2% in diabetes mellitus. In this review, we analyze in detail the epidemiology, prevention and costs originated by CVD. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier España, S.L. y SEA. All rights reserved.

  9. A escrita da dor : testemunhos da ditadura militar

    OpenAIRE

    Fabricio Flores Fernandes

    2008-01-01

    Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo as obras testemunhais de Luiz Roberto Salinas Fortes, Retrato calado (1988), e de Flávio Tavares, Memórias do esquecimento (1999), em que os autores narram acontecimentos vividos durante os anos da ditadura militar no Brasil (1964-1985), entre os quais suas passagens por sessões de tortura. Exploram-se, neste trabalho, os motivos por que os relatos apresentam determinadas características estruturais, tais como a cisão do narrador ante a descriçã...

  10. Impact of previous vascular burden on in-hospital and long-term mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Consuegra-Sánchez, Luciano; Melgarejo-Moreno, Antonio; Galcerá-Tomás, José; Alonso-Fernández, Nuria; Díaz-Pastor, Angela; Escudero-García, Germán; Jaulent-Huertas, Leticia; Vicente-Gilabert, Marta

    2014-06-01

    Patients with a current acute coronary syndrome and previous ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and/or cerebrovascular disease are reported to have a poorer outcome than those without these previous conditions. It is uncertain whether this association with outcome is observed at long-term follow-up. Prospective observational study, including 4247 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Detailed clinical data and information on previous ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and cerebrovascular disease ("vascular burden") were recorded. Multivariate models were performed for in-hospital and long-term (median, 7.2 years) all-cause mortality. One vascular territory was affected in 1131 (26.6%) patients and ≥ 2 territories in 221 (5.2%). The total in-hospital mortality rate was 12.3% and the long-term incidence density was 3.5 deaths per 100 patient-years. A background of previous ischemic heart disease (odds ratio = 0.83; P = .35), peripheral arterial disease (odds ratio = 1.30; P = .34), or cerebrovascular disease (stroke) (odds ratio = 1.15; P = .59) was not independently predictive of in-hospital death. In an adjusted model, previous cerebrovascular disease and previous peripheral arterial disease were both predictors of mortality at long-term follow-up (hazard ratio = 1.57; P cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease were predictors of mortality at long-term after hospital discharge. Copyright © 2013 Sociedad Española de Cardiología. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

  11. BRASIL BAJO INFLUENCIA NAPOLEÓNICA Y FRANCESA: LOS MENSAJEROS DE LA INDEPENDENCIA: MILITARES, LIBREROS Y PERIODISTAS

    OpenAIRE

    PUIGMAL, PATRICK

    2013-01-01

    La historiografía clásica presenta la independencia de Brasil como un evento particular, generalmente aislado del acontecer continental y sin hacer referencia a la influencia militar y política napoleónica. Este artículo tiene como propósito principal entender la emancipación brasileña en un contexto mucho más amplio y demostrar la amplia presencia e influencia napoleónica en el marco de la lucha militar y de la construcción del Estado nuevo, permitiendo así integrar a Brasil en un movimiento...

  12. Clinical Investigation Program Report, RCS MED-300 (R-1).

    Science.gov (United States)

    1985-10-31

    Application of Screening Procedure to Determine the Etiology of Microcytosis with or without Anemia . (T) 150 1983 Remarried Families, Adaptability and...Hospital Militar Central, Lima, Peru ; Naval Hospital, Lima, Peru , 16 May 1985. Gregory GA: Spectrum of disorders in combat reactions. Hospital Militar...Central, Lima, Peru ; Naval Hospital, Lima, Peru , 23 May 1985. Gregory GAs Motivation for combat. Hospital Militar Central, Lima, Peru ; Naval Hospital

  13. Cerebrovascular accidents associated with sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Saif, Muhammad W; Isufi, Iris; Peccerillo, Jennifer; Syrigos, Kostas N

    2011-01-01

    Sorafenib is an oral angiogenetic multikinase inhibitor approved in the treatment of renal and hepatocellular carcinoma. Bleeding and venous thrombotic events have been described with angiogenetic agents but cerebrovascular accidents are rarely reported. We report two cases of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who developed a cerebrovascular accident while on sorafenib. Neither patient had any risk factors for the cerebrovascular events apart from gender and age in the second patient. Laboratory data were noncontributory. The head CT scan did not reveal acute abnormalities. No hemodynamically significant stenosis was visible in the carotid ultrasound, and the echocardiogram showed normal size of the heart chambers and normal systolic function of the left ventricle. Sorafenib was discontinued in both cases. Physicians should monitor patients receiving sorafenib for neurologic symptoms, and in the absence of other etiology, prompt discontinuation of this drug should be considered.

  14. Chronic Pancreatitis Correlates With Increased Risk of Cerebrovascular Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wong, Tuck-Siu; Liao, Kuan-Fu; Lin, Chi-Ming; Lin, Cheng-Li; Chen, Wen-Chi; Lai, Shih-Wei

    2016-01-01

    Abstract The aim of this study is to explore whether there is a relationship between chronic pancreatitis and cerebrovascular disease in Taiwan. Using the claims data of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program, we identified 16,672 subjects aged 20 to 84 years with a new diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis from 2000 to 2010 as the chronic pancreatitis group. We randomly selected 65,877 subjects aged 20 to 84 years without chronic pancreatitis as the nonchronic pancreatitis group. Both groups were matched by sex, age, comorbidities, and the index year of diagnosing chronic pancreatitis. The incidence of cerebrovascular disease at the end of 2011 was measured. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to measure the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for cerebrovascular disease risk associated with chronic pancreatitis and other comorbidities. The overall incidence of cerebrovascular disease was 1.24-fold greater in the chronic pancreatitis group than that in the nonchronic pancreatitis group (14.2 vs. 11.5 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI = 1.19–1.30). After controlling for confounding factors, the adjusted HR of cerebrovascular disease was 1.27 (95% CI = 1.19–1.36) for the chronic pancreatitis group as compared with the nonchronic pancreatitis group. Woman (adjusted HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.31–1.51), age (every 1 year, HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.04–1.05), atrial fibrillation (adjusted HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02–1.48), chronic kidney disease (adjusted HR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.31–1.67), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.16–1.40), diabetes mellitus (adjusted HR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.72–1.92), hypertension (adjusted HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.56–1.76), and peripheral atherosclerosis (adjusted HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.06–1.51) were other factors significantly associated with cerebrovascular disease. Chronic pancreatitis is

  15. Estrategias de comunicación militar y dinámicas mediáticas ¿dos lógicas contradictorias?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yeny Serrano

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available en este artículo se plantea cómo la información sobre un conflicto armado o una guerra está determinada no solamente por factores típicos de la profesión periodística, sino que también intervienen factores específicos de una situación de guerra. Een contexto de confrontación armada la dinámica de la comunicación militar explica junto con la lógica mediática el cubrimiento informativo de la confrontación armada por parte de los medios de comunicación. Eesto se debe principalmente a que los militares y los grupos armados juegan el papel de fuentes informativas para los medios de comunicación. Mientras que los periodistas se acercan a ellos a fin de informar a la población; para los militares el principal objetivo es ganar la guerra. Por esta razón Moisy (2001, p. 202 afirma que “cuando se trata de operaciones [militares] en el campo de batalla, hay que admitir que las exigencias de transparencia de los medios de comunicación no son compatibles con el afán de eficacia de los ejércitos…”.

  16. Mass Surveillance and the Militarization of Cyberspace in Post-Coup Thailand

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pinkaew Laungaramsri

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Post-coup Thailand has witnessed a troubling shift toward censorship, surveillance, and suppression in cyberspace. With cyber security ranking prominently on the military’s agenda and the expansion of the military’s cyber intervention, the country’s online infrastructure has undergone politicization, securitization, and militarization. This paper argues that the militarization of cyberspace in Thailand represents the process in which cyber warfare capabilities have been integrated with other military forces and with support from the masses. This process has been effective through at least three significant mechanisms, including mass surveillance, surveillance by the masses, and normalization of surveillance. Social media have been turned into an absolute digital panopticon. Cyber dystopia, created by the 2014 coup and supported by the masses, has served to sustain a ‘state of exception’ not only within the territorial borders of the state, but also more importantly, within the virtual space of civil society. Cyber surveillance by the military and the masses has continued to jeopardize the already vulnerable Thai democracy.

  17. La evaluación de los estilos de liderazgo en población civil y militar argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Castro Solano

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Basados en la teoría de Bass (1985, 1990, se adaptó el cuestionario M.L.Q. (Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire para la evaluación de los estilos de liderazgo civiles y militares argentinos. Se recogieron datos de 363 sujetos, civiles (53% y militares cadetes y oficiales (47%. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio y luego confirmatorio resultando una escala de 34 ítems que responde a un modelo de siete factores agrupados en tres estilos de liderazgo. Los resultados señalan mejor ajuste del modelo para población civil que para militar. Se encontraron diferencias individuales entre los estilos de liderazgo de civiles y militares. En los primeros predominan las características relacionadas con el intercambio y la negociación. En los ámbitos militares predomina el estilo de liderazgo transformacional. En ambas poblaciones las características más valoradas de los líderes se autopercibían con mayor intensidad en el formato de autoregistro que en la percepción del subalterno respecto del superior. Based on Bass' leadership model (1985, 1990, the M.L.Q. questionnaire (Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire was validated for the assessment of leadership styles in Argentinean civil and military population. Data were gathered (N=363 on military (cadets and officers and civilian population. A factorial structure of seven grouped in three styles of leadership (34 items was obtained and it was confirmed by means of confirmatory factor analysis. The results point out better adjustment of the obtained pattern for civil population than for military. Individual differences were also found among the styles of leadership of civilians and military population. In the first ones characteristics related with the exchange and the negotiation prevail. In the military environments The style of transformational leadership prevails in military environments. In both populations valued leader characteristics were perceived with more intensity in self

  18. Psychological stress-induced cerebrovascular dysfunction: the role of metabolic syndrome and exercise.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brooks, Steven; Brnayan, Kayla W; DeVallance, Evan; Skinner, Roy; Lemaster, Kent; Sheets, J Whitney; Pitzer, Christopher R; Asano, Shinichi; Bryner, Randall W; Olfert, I Mark; Frisbee, Jefferson C; Chantler, Paul D

    2018-05-01

    What is the central question of this study? How does chronic stress impact cerebrovascular function and does metabolic syndrome accelerate the cerebrovascular adaptations to stress? What role does exercise training have in preventing cerebrovascular changes to stress and metabolic syndrome? What is the main finding and its importance? Stressful conditions lead to pathological adaptations of the cerebrovasculature via an oxidative nitric oxide pathway, and the presence of metabolic syndrome produces a greater susceptibility to stress-induced cerebrovascular dysfunction. The results also provide insight into the mechanisms that may contribute to the influence of stress and the role of exercise in preventing the negative actions of stress on cerebrovascular function and structure. Chronic unresolvable stress leads to the development of depression and cardiovascular disease. There is a high prevalence of depression with the metabolic syndrome (MetS), but to what extent the MetS concurrent with psychological stress affects cerebrovascular function is unknown. We investigated the differential effect of MetS on cerebrovascular structure/function in rats (16-17 weeks old) following 8 weeks of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) and whether exercise training could limit any cerebrovascular dysfunction. In healthy lean Zucker rats (LZR), UCMS decreased (28%, P stress and increased production of nitric oxide in the cerebral vessels. In conclusion, UCMS significantly impaired MCA structure and function, but the effects of UCMS were more substantial in OZR vs. LZR. Importantly, aerobic exercise when combined with UCMS prevented the MCA dysfunction through subtle shifts in nitric oxide and oxidative stress in the cerebral microvasculature. © 2018 The Authors. Experimental Physiology © 2018 The Physiological Society.

  19. “The ones who went back home”: The end of ETA político militar and the social reintegration of its members (1974-1985.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Parra Iñesta

    2013-10-01

    Full Text Available Abstract In September 1982 ETA politico militar division was disbanded. This break-up had emerged in 1974, due to the wave of terrorist attacks of the military front. ETA was divided into two different sections: militar and político-militar. The polimilis followed a path that aimed at merging the armed struggle and the mass struggle. However, the political party that emerged from the previous split, EIA, did have an important role. This party was born in 1977 and took part in the political game at a very early stage. EIA will be precisely an important element for ETA político-militar division to give up armed struggle, due to the imposition of a realistic vision, in which political achievements as the Constitution or the Basque Statute make the armed struggle void.

  20. Congenital and genetic cerebrovascular anomalies as risk factors for stroke in Saudi Arabia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Salih, Mustafa A.; Al-Jarallah, Ahmed A.; Kentab, Amal Y.; Murshid, Waleed R.; Zahraa, Jihad N.; Abdel-Gader, Abdel-Galil M.; Alorainy, Ibrahim A.; Hassan, Hamdy H.; Tjan, G. T.

    2006-01-01

    To explore the role of and report congenital and genetic cerebrovascular anomalies as risk factors for stroke in a prospective and retrospective cohort of Saudi children. Children with stroke were evaluated at the Division of Pediatric Neurology (Dpn), or were seen as inpatients in the Pediatric Wards at King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the periods July 1992 to February 2001 (retrospective study) and February 2001 to March 2003 (prospective study). Stroke work-up for each suspected case included hemostatic assays, serological, biochemical and neurophysiological tests. Neuroimaging modalities included routine skill x-rays, CT, MRI, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and conventional cerebral angiography. Of 104 children with stroke, congenital and genetic cerebrovascular anomalies were the underlying risk factor in 7 (6.7%). The patients were evaluated at the DPN at a mean age of 66 months (range = 8 months to 11 years, median = 6 years); and they had stroke at a mean age of 48 months (range = 2 months to 10 years, median = 8 months). Four patients had stroke in association with neurocutaneous syndromes. Two had Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), one had Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome associated with SWS, and the fourth had neurofibromatosis type 1. Two patients had intracranial hemorrhage secondary to ruptured aneurysm. A girl (aged 9 years and 4 months) had left posterior cerebral artery aneurysm. She was diagnosed to have autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease following renal ultrasonography. She died 5 months later despite surgical intervention (clipping of aneurysm). The second child was an 8-months-old boy who presented with subarachnoid and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) following ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm. He recovered with no residual symptoms following successful clipping of the aneurysm. Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) caused IVH in a 7-year-old boy who reported to hospital 5 hours

  1. Factores de riesgo asociados a infección aguda por hepatitis B en población militar destacada al departamento de Amazonas, Perú

    OpenAIRE

    César Cabezas; J. Jaime Miranda; Giovana Romero; Magna Suáre; Frine Samalvides; Juan Echevarría; Juan D. Valdivia; Walter A. Valdivia

    2007-01-01

    El Perú es considerado un país de endemicidad intermedia-alta para el virus de hepatitis B (VHB), con variaciones entre diferentes regiones. Existen pocos reportes del problema de infección por el VHB en personal militar. Objetivos. Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de infección por el VHB en un brote epidémico en personal militar destacado en Ampama, Amazonas, Perú. Material y métodos. Estudio caso-control en personal militar destacado al puesto de Ampama y a la b...

  2. O golpe de 1964 e a instauração da ditadura civil-militar no Pará: apoios e resistências

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pere Petit

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo, inserido nos debates historiográficos sobre a ditadura civil-militar no Brasil (1964-1985, pretende contribuir para o conhecimento da história política do estado do Pará antes, durante e após o golpe de estado de 1964. Examinamos preferencialmente a participação dos militares e o apoio de setores da sociedade civil ao golpe militar, e a repressão que sofreram os estudantes e organizações de esquerda e políticos "populistas". Na perspectiva metodológica dos estudos de história local e regional, as principais fontes utilizadas foram os jornais de Belém, livros de memórias, trabalhos acadêmicos e fontes orais.

  3. Reconversion Militar del Ejercito en la Frontera Dominico-Haitiana (Military Restructuring of the Army on the Dominican-Haitian Border)

    Science.gov (United States)

    2013-05-22

    Estado Mayor del Ejército de EE. UU. en cumplimiento parcial de los requisitos para la obtención del grado de MAESTRÍA EN CIENCIAS Y ARTES...MILITARES Estudios Generales Por MAYOR FELIPE CÉSPEDES TEJERA, EJÉRCITO NACIONAL DOMINICANO Licenciado en Ciencias Sociales, Universidad...ANSI Std. Z39.18 ii MAESTRÍA EN ARTES Y CIENCIAS MILITARES PÁGINA DE APROBACIÓN DE LA TESIS Nombre del Candidato: Mayor Felipe Céspedes Tejera

  4. Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nicolaides, Andrew N; Kakkos, Stavros K; Kyriacou, Efthyvoulos

    2010-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to determine the cerebrovascular risk stratification potential of baseline degree of stenosis, clinical features, and ultrasonic plaque characteristics in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis.......The purpose of this study was to determine the cerebrovascular risk stratification potential of baseline degree of stenosis, clinical features, and ultrasonic plaque characteristics in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis....

  5. A DITADURA MILITAR ATRAVÉS DO OLHAR INFANTIL: REPRESENTAÇÕES E IMAGINÁRIO SOCIAL NO FILME

    OpenAIRE

    Masiero, Cláudia Gisele; Universidade Feevale; Silva, Tiago; Universidade Feevale; da Silva, Cristina Ennes; Feevale

    2014-01-01

    Neste estudo refletimos sobre as representações presentes na obra fílmica O ano em que meus pais saíram de férias (2006), de Cao Hamburger, considerando a relação entre História e Cinema, a partir de elementos como o imaginário social acerca da ditadura militar e o cotidiano histórico inerente aos anos de chumbo no Brasil. A análise busca no olhar infantil da personagem principal da narrativa as representações simbólicas pelas quais o regime militar afetou a cotidianidade dos indivíduos. Nest...

  6. El control de tecnologías duales como poder político - militar : El caso "espacial" argentino

    OpenAIRE

    Blinder, Daniel

    2009-01-01

    La tecnología espacial tiene la característica de ser útil para fines civiles y militares. El control de la tecnología será fundamental para ejercer el poder dentro de los Estados. El objetivo de este trabajo es señalar que los países periféricos como la Argentina, que tratan de controlar el desarrollo de tecnología sensible como la espacial, entrarán en conflicto con quienes detentan el poder para uso civil y militar de las tecnologías de uso dual. En este documento se abordan los problemas ...

  7. Cardiovascular disease hospitalizations in relation to exposure to the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center disaster and posttraumatic stress disorder.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jordan, Hannah T; Stellman, Steven D; Morabia, Alfredo; Miller-Archie, Sara A; Alper, Howard; Laskaris, Zoey; Brackbill, Robert M; Cone, James E

    2013-10-24

    A cohort study found that 9/11-related environmental exposures and posttraumatic stress disorder increased self-reported cardiovascular disease risk. We attempted to replicate these findings using objectively defined cardiovascular disease hospitalizations in the same cohort. Data for adult World Trade Center Health Registry enrollees residing in New York State on enrollment and no cardiovascular disease history (n = 46,346) were linked to a New York State hospital discharge-reporting system. Follow-up began at Registry enrollment (2003-2004) and ended at the first cerebrovascular or heart disease (HD) hospitalization, death, or December 31, 2010, whichever was earliest. We used proportional hazards models to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) for HD (n = 1151) and cerebrovascular disease (n = 284) hospitalization during 302,742 person-years of observation (mean follow-up, 6.5 years per person), accounting for other factors including age, race/ethnicity, smoking, and diabetes. An elevated risk of HD hospitalization was observed among women (AHR 1.32, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.71) but not men (AHR 1.16, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.40) with posttraumatic stress disorder at enrollment. A high overall level of World Trade Center rescue and recovery-related exposure was associated with an elevated HD hospitalization risk in men (AHR 1.82, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.13; P for trend = 0.05), but findings in women were inconclusive (AHR 3.29, 95% CI 0.85 to 12.69; P for trend = 0.09). Similar associations were observed specifically with coronary artery disease hospitalization. Posttraumatic stress disorder increased the cerebrovascular disease hospitalization risk in men but not in women. 9/11-related exposures and posttraumatic stress disorder appeared to increase the risk of subsequent hospitalization for HD and cerebrovascular disease. This is consistent with findings based on self-reported outcomes.

  8. Industrial accident compensation insurance benefits on cerebrovascular and heart disease in Korea.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Hyeong Su; Choi, Jae Wook; Chang, Soung Hoon; Lee, Kun Sei

    2003-01-01

    The purpose of this study is to present the importance of work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease from the viewpoint of expenses. Using the insurance benefit paid for the 4,300 cases, this study estimated the burden of insurance benefits spent on work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease. The number of cases with work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease per 100,000 insured workers were 3.36 in 1995; they were increased to 13.16 in 2000. By the days of occurrence, the estimated number of cases were 1,336 in 2001 (95% CI: 1,211-1,460 cases) and 1,769 in 2005 (CI: 1,610-1,931 cases). The estimated average insurance benefits paid per person with work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease was 75-19 million won for medical care benefit and 56 million won for other benefits except medical care. By considering the increase in insurance payment and average pay, the predicted insurance benefits for work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease was 107.9 billion won for the 2001 cohort and 192.4 billion won for the 2005 cohort. From an economic perspective, the results will be used as important evidence for the prevention and management of work-related cerebrovascular and heart disease. PMID:12923322

  9. A construção autoritária do regime civil-militar no Brasil: Doutrina de Segurança Nacional e Atos Institucionais (1964-1969

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Victor Leandro Chaves Gomes

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Com a derrubada do governo constitucional do presidente João Goulart,em 1964, e o abrupto processo intervencionista, iniciava-se o ciclo militarista que marcaria em definitivo a história do Brasil. Apesar de ter sido o precursor dos governos militares latino-americanos, muitas interpretações passaram a analisar o regime militar brasileiro não no que ele tinha de específico, o que era particular das instituições militares, mas sim em suas semelhanças genéricas com os demais países do continente onde existia o predomínio das Forças Armadas. A partir de 1964 os militares e os tecnocratas assumem o centro real e formal do poder político, bem como o processo de decisão e execução das políticas públicas no Brasil. Considerando sua estrutura organizacional, em que prevalecem os princípios de hierarquia, disciplina e missão, os militares brasileiros se definem como os mais aparelhados para responder pelo destino do país, cuja proteção está sob a égide do Estado de segurança. Esta certeza do melhor preparo das Forças Armadas para governar repousa na convicção de que os militares estão acima dos interesses individuais e de grupos. Pretendemos analisar aqui a Doutrina de Segurança Nacional enquanto imprescindível para a implementação e a difusão de uma nova ideologia que corrobora para a edificação de um Estado de perfil Burocrático-Autoritário (conceito cunhado pelo cientista político Guillermo O’Donnell, bem como os Atos Institucionais enquanto legitimadores de uma prática política genuinamente militar.

  10. Unemployment, government healthcare spending, and cerebrovascular mortality, worldwide 1981-2009: an ecological study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Maruthappu, Mahiben; Shalhoub, Joseph; Tariq, Zoon; Williams, Callum; Atun, Rifat; Davies, Alun H; Zeltner, Thomas

    2015-04-01

    The global economic downturn has been associated with unemployment rises, reduced health spending, and worsened population health. This has raised the question of how economic variations affect health outcomes. We sought to determine the effect of changes in unemployment and government healthcare expenditure on cerebrovascular mortality globally. Data were obtained from the World Bank and World Health Organization. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the effect of changes in unemployment and government healthcare expenditure on cerebrovascular mortality. Country-specific differences in infrastructure and demographics were controlled for. One- to five-year lag analyses and robustness checks were conducted. Across 99 countries worldwide, between 1981 and 2009, every 1% increase in unemployment was associated with a significant increase in cerebrovascular mortality (coefficient 187, CI: 86.6-288, P = 0.0003). Every 1% rise in government healthcare expenditure, across both genders, was associated with significant decreases in cerebrovascular deaths (coefficient 869, CI: 383-1354, P = 0.0005). The association between unemployment and cerebrovascular mortality remained statistically significant for at least five years subsequent to the 1% unemployment rise, while the association between government healthcare expenditure and cerebrovascular mortality remained significant for two years. These relationships were both shown to be independent of changes in gross domestic product per capita, inflation, interest rates, urbanization, nutrition, education, and out-of-pocket spending. Rises in unemployment and reductions in government healthcare expenditure are associated with significant increases in cerebrovascular mortality globally. Clinicians may also need to consider unemployment as a possible risk factor for cerebrovascular disease mortality. © 2015 World Stroke Organization.

  11. El modelo de articulación entre la universidad militar Nueva Granada y la educación media

    OpenAIRE

    Cantor, Carlos Fernando

    2016-01-01

    Con el fin de responder a necesidades sociales de los municipios de la Sabana-Centro en Cundinamarca, la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada – UMNG, ha formulado y viene desarrollando el “Modelo de articulación entre la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada y la educación media”. Es una estrategia pedagógica que brinda oportunidades a estudiantes de décimo y undécimo, para el mejoramiento de 1) competencias cognitivas en matemática, física, química y lecto-escritura, y/o 2) competencias laborales e...

  12. Cerebrovascular reserve capacity is impaired in patients with sickle cell disease

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Nur, Erfan; Kim, Yu-Sok; Truijen, Jasper; van Beers, Eduard J.; Davis, Shyrin C. A. T.; Brandjes, Dees P.; Biemond, Bart J.; van Lieshout, Johannes J.

    2009-01-01

    Sickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with a high incidence of ischemic stroke. SCD is characterized by hemolytic anemia, resulting in reduced nitric oxide-bioavailability, and by impaired cerebrovascular hemodynamics. Cerebrovascular CO2 responsiveness is nitric oxide dependent and has been

  13. Auditory Dysfunction in Patients with Cerebrovascular Disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sadaharu Tabuchi

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Auditory dysfunction is a common clinical symptom that can induce profound effects on the quality of life of those affected. Cerebrovascular disease (CVD is the most prevalent neurological disorder today, but it has generally been considered a rare cause of auditory dysfunction. However, a substantial proportion of patients with stroke might have auditory dysfunction that has been underestimated due to difficulties with evaluation. The present study reviews relationships between auditory dysfunction and types of CVD including cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebrovascular malformation, moyamoya disease, and superficial siderosis. Recent advances in the etiology, anatomy, and strategies to diagnose and treat these conditions are described. The numbers of patients with CVD accompanied by auditory dysfunction will increase as the population ages. Cerebrovascular diseases often include the auditory system, resulting in various types of auditory dysfunctions, such as unilateral or bilateral deafness, cortical deafness, pure word deafness, auditory agnosia, and auditory hallucinations, some of which are subtle and can only be detected by precise psychoacoustic and electrophysiological testing. The contribution of CVD to auditory dysfunction needs to be understood because CVD can be fatal if overlooked.

  14. Apathy due to cerebrovascular accidents successfully treated with methylphenidate: a case series.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Spiegel, David R; Kim, Jeffrey; Greene, Krista; Conner, Cheryl; Zamfir, Dan

    2009-01-01

    Apathy has been observed in various types of neuropsychiatric illness, including degenerative, traumatic, and cerebrovascular. In this article, the authors describe the neurobiology of cerebrovascular induced apathy and its treatment.

  15. Influencing factors for early acute cerebrovascular accidents in patients with stroke history following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Bin; Jia, Ming; Jia, Shijie; Wan, Jiuhe; Zhou, Xiao; Luo, Zhimin; Zhou, Ye; Zhang, Jianqun

    2014-06-01

    To analyse risk factors for early acute cerebrovascular accidents following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) in patients with stroke history, and to propose preventive measures to reduce the incidence of these events. A total of 468 patients with a history of stroke underwent OPCAB surgery in Beijing Anzhen Hospital of China from January 2010 to September 2012. They were retrospectively divided into two groups according to the occurrence of early acute cerebrovascular accidents within 48 hours following OPCAB. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to find risk or protective factors for early acute cerebrovascular accidents following the OPCAB. Fifty-two patients (11.1%) suffered from early acute cerebrovascular accidents in 468 patients, including 39 cases of cerebral infarction, two cases of cerebral haemorrhage, 11 cases of transient ischaemic attack (TIA). There were significant differences between the two groups in preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 35%, severe bilateral carotid artery stenosis, poorly controlled hypertension, intraoperative application of Enclose® II proximal anastomotic device, postoperative acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, hypotension, ventilation time > 48h, ICU duration >48h and mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative severe bilateral carotid stenosis (OR=6.378, 95%CI: 2.278-20.987) and preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction ≤ 35% (OR=2.737, 95%CI: 1.267-6.389), postoperative acute myocardial infarction (OR=3.644, 95%CI: 1.928-6.876), postoperative atrial fibrillation (OR=3.104, 95%CI:1.135∼8.016) and postoperative hypotension (OR=4.173, 95%CI: 1.836∼9.701) were independent risk factors for early acute cerebrovascular accidents in patients with a history of stroke following OPCAB procedures, while intraoperative application of Enclose® II proximal anastomotic device was protective factor (OR=0.556, 95%CI: 0.337-0.925). This

  16. Tromboembolismo pulmonar y enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica embólica en un anciano boliviano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daymarelis Rodríguez Yero

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente de 71 años de edad, quien en el 2008, luego de un episodio de tromboembolismo pulmonar, fuera ingresado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Integral Comunitario de Chacaltaya en Bolivia, por presentar una enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica embólica de tipo paradójica, como consecuencia de un agujero oval permeable. Como tratamiento se indicó, primero, heparina de bajo peso molecular y, posteriormente, dicumarínicos, con lo cual el paciente evolucionó satisfactoriamente

  17. Satisfação no Trabalho dos Policiais Militares do Rio Grande do Sul: um Estudo Quantitativo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Damiana Machado de Almeida

    Full Text Available Resumo Satisfação no Trabalho pode ser entendida como o vínculo afetivo do indivíduo com seu ambiente laboral. A profissão de policial militar é considerada de alto risco, pois ele lida constantemente com a violência, a brutalidade e a morte. Frente a este contexto, esse estudo foi desenvolvido visando identificar o grau de Satisfação no Trabalho dos policiais militares do Rio Grande do Sul. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, do tipo survey, com abordagem quantitativa. Os participantes do estudo totalizaram 519 policiais militares pertencentes a quartéis de cidades localizadas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. A Escala de Satisfação no Trabalho (EST foi utilizada como instrumento de pesquisa. No geral, identificou-se que os policiais tendem a sinalizar insatisfação em relação ao trabalho. Dentre as dimensões que compõe a EST, tendem a sinalizar insatisfação em relação ao salário (média: 2,79 e com as promoções (média: 3,03; indiferença (nem satisfeitos e nem insatisfeitos em relação à chefia (média: 4,42 e à natureza do trabalho (média: 4,37; e, por fim, sinalizam tendência à satisfação em relação aos colegas (média: 5,00. Espera-se com essas evidências contribuir para as futuras decisões organizacionais que impliquem na saúde dos policiais militares e consequente qualidade de vida, da equipe e seus familiares.

  18. Results of CT brain examinations in cerebrovascular emergency

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pinta, Z.; Dolansky, J.; Sorfova, J.; Jerie, T.

    1987-01-01

    Experience is briefly reported with CT (computerized tomography) diagnosis of cerebrovascular emergencies. It is pointed out that the introduction of computerized tomography greatly improved and made more accurate the diagnosis of focal ischemias and revealed significant differences in the foci of ischemia in hypertension patients and atherosclerosis patients without hypertension, and showed a higher incidence of intracerebral and subarachnoidal hemorrhages than previously thought. It is believed that knowledge gained thanks to CT (computerized tomography) will be of benefit to the primary and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular ischemias. (L.O.). 1 fig., 5 refs

  19. A meta-analysis of cerebrovascular disease and hyperhomocysteinaemia

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nielsen, G M; Tvedegaard, K C; Andersen, Niels Trolle

    2000-01-01

    Hyperhomocysteinaemia has been identified as a risk factor for stroke and cerebrovascular disease in several studies. To evaluate the evidence we performed a meta-analysis. We found 21 studies searching Medline from 1966-July 1999 using the key words homocysteine, homocystine and cerebrovascular...... was used. The reports on 8 cross-sectional and 4 longitudinal studies gave data on the mean and standard deviations of plasma or serum homocysteine for both cases and controls, and these studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the 5 excluded studies all pointed to a positive relationship...

  20. Autocrine release of angiopoietin-2 mediates cerebrovascular disintegration in Moyamoya disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blecharz, Kinga G; Frey, Dietmar; Schenkel, Tobias; Prinz, Vincent; Bedini, Gloria; Krug, Susanne M; Czabanka, Marcus; Wagner, Josephin; Fromm, Michael; Bersano, Anna; Vajkoczy, Peter

    2017-04-01

    Moyamoya disease is a rare steno-occlusive cerebrovascular disorder often resulting in hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes. Although sharing the same ischemic stimulus with atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease, Moyamoya disease is characterized by a highly instable cerebrovascular system which is prone to rupture due to pathological neovascularization. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this instability, angiopoietin-2 gene expression was analyzed in middle cerebral artery lesions obtained from Moyamoya disease and atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease patients. Angiopoietin-2 was significantly up-regulated in Moyamoya vessels, while serum concentrations of soluble angiopoietins were not changed. For further evaluations, cerebral endothelial cells incubated with serum from these patients in vitro were applied. In contrast to atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease serum, Moyamoya disease serum induced an angiopoietin-2 overexpression and secretion, accompanied by loss of endothelial integrity. These effects were absent or inverse in endothelial cells of non-brain origin suggesting brain endothelium specificity. The destabilizing effects on brain endothelial cells to Moyamoya disease serum were partially suppressed by the inhibition of angiopoietin-2. Our findings define brain endothelial cells as the potential source of vessel-destabilizing factors inducing the high plasticity state and disintegration in Moyamoya disease in an autocrine manner. We also provide new insights into Moyamoya disease pathophysiology that may be helpful for preventive treatment strategies in future.

  1. [Experience of Regional Vascular Centre in assisting patients with severe cerebrovascular accidents in Novosibirsk].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Doronin, B M; Marushak, A A; Popova, T F; Gribacheva, I A; Petrova, E V

    2016-01-01

    The analysis of the work of the neurological department of the Novosibirsk regional vascular center of City Clinical Hospital #1 for the period from 2013 to 2015 was done. We analyzed the annual reports of the regional vascular center, dynamics of cerebrovascular disease patterns, lethality, about the provision of medical care to patients with stroke, the use of high-tech methods of diagnosis and treatment. Ascertain the progress achieved and the perspectives of further improving the quality of care to patients with stroke due to wider use of methods of rehabilitation in the acute stage of stroke.

  2. El poder militar chino: el dragón alza el vuelo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ignacio García Sánchez

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available China es un actor geopolítico de talla universal. Sus dimensiones geopolíticas –físicas, económicas, humanas, sociopolíticas y militares– son abrumadoras. Pero, quizás, lo que impresiona y en cierta manera preocupa más es su impenetrabilidad. Referido al arte de la guerra se manifiesta de forma clara en utilizar la “decepción” como su principal estratagema –uno de sus principios básicos enunciados por Sun Tzu–. No se busca, por lo tanto, el enfrentamiento de las capacidades militares, sino la pugna entre las maestrías intelectuales. Así, el poder militar chino, tradicionalmente postergado por el poder imperial, no fue capaz de resistir el encuentro con el industrializado occidente que lo sojuzga durante el llamado “siglo infame de humillación”. Y no ha sido sino a través de dos de las más cruentas guerras de la historia de la humanidad y de la revolución comunista como el dragón herido ha vuelto a recuperar el control de su propio destino. A lomos de su Ejército Popular de Liberación, campesino e iletrado, vuelve a sus orígenes para consolidar esa única e imperecedera Civilización-Estado. Un ejército del pueblo y para el pueblo que, como brazo armado del Partido Comunista Chino, sólo mira hacia el interior de su gran muralla; conocedor del poder del resto de dimensiones geopolíticas; y que sólo empieza a alzar la vista y emprender el vuelo de la mano del milagro económico de las últimas décadas. Un poder militar orgulloso y capaz, que quiere protagonizar, junto con su sociedad, esta vez sí, “el sueño de China, el sueño del pueblo”, del “desarrollo pacífico”.

  3. CT, MRI and MRA of cerebrovascular malformations (report of 16 cases)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ding Qingguo; Hu Chunhong; Guo Liang; Ding Yi

    2000-01-01

    Objective: To evaluate the value of CT, MRI and MRA in cerebrovascular malformations. Methods: 16 cases of cerebrovascular malformations were confirmed by angiography and pathology, including 12 cases of arteriovenous malformations, 4 cases of cavernous angiomas. All of these cases were performed with CT, MRI non-contrast scan and 3D-TOF MRA. Results: CT appearances of AVM were mixed density with hypo-density, iso-density or hyper-density. Some had calcification or acute hemorrhage. MRI scan showed the dilated and tortuous nidus of AVMs on T 1 WI and T 2 WI. The appearances of hemorrhage were variable. Feeding arteries and draining veins were showed clearly on MRA. The typical sign of cavernous angiomas was mixed signals with hypointensity ring on MRI, while MRA could not provide much information. Conclusions: CT, MRI and MRA had different value in diagnosis of cerebrovascular malformations. CT combined with MRI and MRA could sharply improve the accuracy of diagnosis, and aid in the comprehensive evaluation of cerebrovascular malformations

  4. l-arginine and l-NMMA for assessing cerebral endothelial dysfunction in ischaemic cerebrovascular disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Karlsson, William K; Sørensen, Caspar G; Kruuse, Christina

    2017-01-01

    Endothelial dysfunction (ED), in particular cerebral ED, may be an essential biomarker for ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. However, there is no consensus on methods to best estimate cerebral ED. In this systematic review, we evaluate the use of l-arginine and NG -monomethyl-l-arginine (l......-NMMA) for assessment of cerebral ED. A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library was done. We included studies investigating cerebrovascular response to l-arginine or l-NMMA in human subjects with vascular risk factors or ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. Seven studies (315 subjects) were eligible...... cerebrovascular disease. Inconsistencies in results were most likely due to variations in methods and included subject populations. In order to use cerebral ED as a prognostic marker, further studies are required to evaluate the association to cerebrovascular disease....

  5. Risk factors of cerebrovascular diseases and their intervention and management

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    En XU

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Cerebrovascular diseases are important causes of clinical death and disability because of high prevalence and morbidity and easy to recurrence. A number of risk factors have involved in the progress of cerebrovascular diseases, which include uncontrolled and controlled risk factors. The former refers to old age, gender, low birth weight, race/ethnicity, genetic factors, etc. The latter includes hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation and other cardiac diseases, dyslipidemia, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, obesity, smoking, unhealthy lifestyle, alcoholism, metabolic syndrome, hyperhomocysteinemia, etc. Meanwhile, hypertension is the most important one in the above-mentioned risk factors. It would effectively reduce or postpone the onset of cerebrovascular diseases through proper intervention and management on those risk factors. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.01.006

  6. PREDICTORS OF CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS IN PATIENTS AFTER CORONARY BYPASS GRAFTING

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    S. G. Sukhanov

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Background: At present, coronary bypass graft (CABG that was first introduced more than 45 years ago, is one of the most common types of surgeries in the world. Despite progress and improvements in myocardial revascularization techniques and methods aimed at higher safety of the intervention, postoperative cerebrovascular complications continue to be one of the most common problems.Aim: To identify predictors of perioperative stroke in patients undergoing CABG.Materials and methods: From January 2013 to December 2014, 2823 isolated CABG procedures have been done.Results: All-cause in-hospital mortality after isolated CABG was 1.2% (n = 36. Perioperative strokes were diagnosed in 32 (1.1% of patients. For subsequent analysis, we divided all patients into two groups. Group A included 32 patients who had a stroke in their postoperative period, group B comprised 2791 patients without severe cerebrovascular disorders. There were more female patients in group A, compared to group B (13/32 [40.6%] vs. 543/2791 [19.5%], respectively (р < 0.01, more elderly patients (21 [65.6%] vs. 1251 [44.8%] (р < 0,05 above 60 years of age, and 9 [28.1%] vs. 348 [12.5%] (р < 0.05 above 70 years, respectively. In group B, the number of patients with atrial fibrillation was 244 (8.7% vs. 7 (21.9% in group A, the difference being statistically significant at р < 0.01. Among those with stroke, diabetes was found in 12 (37.5% of patients, among those who did not have a stroke, in 212 (7.6% (p < 0.01. Significant differences were found between numbers of patients with atherosclerosis of brachyocephalic arteries (17 [53.1%] in group A vs. 624 [22.4%] in group B, p < 0.01 and atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries (16 [50%] vs. 715 [25.6%] (p < 0.01, respectively.Conclusion: The most significant prognostic factors affecting the risk of perioperative stroke are concomitant atherosclerosis of brachyocephalic arteries, of lower limb arteries, atrial fibrillation, diabetes

  7. A review of stroke admissions at a tertiary hospital in rural ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    2011-06-15

    Jun 15, 2011 ... The disease is expected to increase in low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria. ... and examine the rural-urban variation of stroke hospitalization in Nigeria. ..... Strasser T. Cerebrovascular disease in the community:.

  8. Autumn Weather and Winter Increase in Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality

    LENUS (Irish Health Repository)

    McDonagh, R

    2016-11-01

    Mortality from cerebrovascular disease increases in winter but the cause is unclear. Ireland’s oceanic climate means that it infrequently experiences extremes of weather. We examined how weather patterns relate to stroke mortality in Ireland. Seasonal data for Sunshine (% of average), Rainfall (% of average) and Temperature (degrees Celsius above average) were collected for autumn (September-November) and winter (December-February) using official Irish Meteorological Office data. National cerebrovascular mortality data was obtained from Quarterly Vital Statistics. Excess winter deaths were calculated by subtracting (nadir) 3rd quarter mortality data from subsequent 1st quarter data. Data for 12 years were analysed, 2002-2014. Mean winter mortality excess was 24.7%. Winter mortality correlated with temperature (r=.60, p=0.04). Rise in winter mortality correlated strongly with the weather in the preceding autumn (Rainfall: r=-0.19 p=0.53, Temperature: r=-0.60, p=0.03, Sunshine, r=0.58, p=0.04). Winter cerebrovascular disease mortality appears higher following cool, sunny autum

  9. DEFICIÊNCIA ADQUIRIDA NO TRABALHO EM POLICIAIS MILITARES: SIGNIFICADOS E SENTIDOS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eliza Maura de Castilho Lopes

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available ResumoAo analisar o papel que os policiais militares ocupam na sociedade, é possível observar sua forte relação com a autoridade, a força e a integridade corporal, aspectos distantes da imagem atribuída às pessoas com deficiência. Apesar da aparente incompatibilidade entre os dois papéis, verifica-se que a aquisição de uma deficiência é uma possibilidade real na vida profissional desses indivíduos, face às condições de risco físico a que eles são submetidos. Amparado nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, na qual o trabalho é entendido como atividade vital humana, realizou-se o presente estudo - de caráter exploratório e analítico - que objetivou identificar o conjunto de significações relacionado à deficiência e à Polícia Militar para policiais com deficiência adquirida, na história de vida dos participantes. Seus achados reiteram as significações de desvalorização profissional e pessoal dadas às pessoas com deficiência, mesmo em tempos nos quais ações inclusivas têm sido propagadas em termos normativos e sociais.

  10. Invasive and noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring of patients with cerebrovascular accidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Velmahos, G C; Wo, C C; Demetriades, D; Bishop, M H; Shoemaker, W C

    1998-01-01

    Seventeen patients with hemodynamic instability from acute cerebrovascular accidents were evaluated shortly after arrival at the emergency department of a university-run county hospital with both invasive Swan-Ganz pulmonary artery catheter placement and a new, noninvasive, thoracic electrical bioimpedance device. Values were recorded and temporal patterns of survivors and nonsurvivors were described. Cardiac indices obtained simultaneously by the 2 techniques were compared. Of the 17 patients, 11 (65%) died. Survivors had higher values than nonsurvivors for mean arterial pressure, cardiac index, and oxygen saturation, delivery, and consumption at comparable times. Cardiac index values, as measured by invasive and noninvasive methods, were correlated. We concluded that hemodynamic monitoring in an acute care setting may recognize temporal circulatory patterns associated with outcome. Noninvasive electrical bioimpedance technology offers a new method for early hemodynamic evaluation. Further research in this area is warranted. PMID:9682626

  11. Constipation in the acutely hospitalized older patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cardin, Fabrizio; Minicuci, Nadia; Droghi, Annapaola Teggia; Inelmen, Emine Meral; Sergi, Giuseppe; Terranova, Oreste

    2010-01-01

    The aim of this work was to establish the factors that determine the onset of constipation in acutely hospitalized older patients with a view to contributing towards an evidence-based identification of which patients warrant early, specific preventive measures. To evade the problem posed by the definition of constipation, we have considered parameters that are part of the daily routine in the hospital ward, such as the prescription of laxatives, also paying attention to how the co-operative older person subjectively interpret this condition. One thirds of the 192 hospitalized older patients needed a laxative at least once every 3 days. Multivariate analysis identified the use of laxatives at home as the only risk factor for objective constipation while in hospital (odds ratio (OR)=3.0). A significant risk of being dissatisfied with their bowel emptying emerged among patients who were bedridden for more than 2 weeks (OR=6.0), and in those who experienced cerebrovascular events (OR=3.1). The use of laxatives at home and awareness that satisfaction with bowel movements drops in patients obliged to stay in bed for lengthy periods of time and in those who have suffered cerebrovascular damage, should provide the grounds for a screening program to establish rational guidelines on bowel movement therapy. Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. INCIDÊNCIA DE DISTÚRBIOS MUSCULOESQUELÉTICOS EM POLICIAIS MILITARES PELO IMPACTO DO USO DE COLETE BALÍSTICO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diego Rodrigues Pessoa

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumo: As lesões por esforço repetitivo (LER representam um grande problema para a saúde pública. Este trabalho tem como objetivo, analisar a prevalência de distúrbios osteomusculares em policiais militares. O estudo trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo observacional, transversal de caráter descritivo, participaram da pesquisa 26 policiais militares do sexo masculino, foram submetidos à aplicação dos questionários Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares e do índice de Oswestry para Avaliação da Dor. Os resultados apontam que os maiores índices de dor musculoesquelética prevaleceram na região da coluna dorsal e lombar e na região do pescoço, já em relação ao índice de Oswestry foi constatado que 30% da amostra sentiram dor em nível moderado. O uso diário do colete balístico por policiais militares pode ocasionar distúrbios osteomusculares, bem como desencadear dor, mesmo não sendo fator de limitação funcional grave para desempenho das atividades diárias.

  13. [Direct economic burden of cerebrovascular disease, during 1993-2008 in China].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Jing; Xu, Ling; Zhai, Yi; Zhang, Yaoguang; Lyu, Yuebin; Shi, Xiaoming

    2014-11-01

    To evaluate the status and trend of direct economic burden on cerebrovascular disease, from 1993 to 2008 in China. Using two-step model to calculate the economic cost with related trend of cerebrovascular disease within the population among the over 30-year-olds, from 1993 to 2008. Data was gathered from the National Health Service Surveys Analysis Reports of 1993, 1998, 2003 and 2008, that including both direct outpatient and inpatient cost. There appeared a significant increase on the burden of cerebrovascular diseases in the period of 15 years, with direct economic cost increasing from 8.473 billion to 103.125 billion RMB. In fact, the actual increase was 5.3 times, without the influence of the price. The average annual growth rate was 13.1%, exceeding the rate of total expenditure on health and GDP during the same time span. In addition, the growth rate in 2003-2008 was the fastest, which appeared to be 19.8%. Burden that caused by cerebrovascular disease on individuals and the whole society was heavy which warrented further theoratical and practical studies on it.

  14. Diamox-enhanced brain SPECT in cerebrovascular diseases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Choi, Yun Young

    2007-01-01

    Acute event in cerebrovascular disease is the second most common cause of death in Korea following cancer, and it can also cause serious neurologic deficits. Understanding of perfusion status is important for clinical applications in management of patients with cerebrovascular diseases, and then the attacks of ischemic neurologic symptoms and the risk of acute events can be reduced. Therefore, the normal vascular anatomy of brain, various clinical applications of acetazolamide-enhanced brain perfusion SPECT, including meaning and role of assessment of vascular reserve in carotid stenosis before procedure, in pediatric Moyamoya disease before and after operation, in prediction of development of hyperperfusion syndrome before procedure, and in prediction of vasospasm and of prognosis in subarachnoid hemorrhage were reviewed in this paper

  15. Predictores Para la Selección de Cadetes en Instituciones Militares Predictors for the Selection of Cadets in Military Institutions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Castro Solano

    2005-05-01

    Full Text Available En el marco de una investigación más amplia sobre predictores de éxito en el entrenamiento de cadetes militares argentinos, se presentan dos estudios. El primero analiza seis cohortes de egresados de una institución militar (1997-2003, atendiendo a la variabilidad en el rendimiento en su educación superior, relacionándolo con variables sociodemográficas (educación y ocupación parentales y estatus de pariente de militar. Los resultados indican que los promedios generales de carrera observan una tendencia descendente en el tiempo. El rendimiento militar muestra menor variabilidad, en tanto que los rendimientos académico y militar aparecen ligados al nivel educativo parental. En el segundo estudio se analiza la cohorte de ingresantes 2003, incluyéndose predictores tales como datos biográficos, valores, rasgos de personalidad y motivación. Cinco de las categorías consideradas discriminaban entre los grupos de cadetes con alto y bajo rendimiento: factores cognitivos relacionados con el rendimiento previo, la orientación vocacional y ciertos rasgos de liderazgo. Por otra parte, quienes obtenían calificaciones bajas en su primer año de estudios militares exhibían mayor motivación extrínseca, menor motivación intrínseca, estaban menos orientados al logro y su valor hegemónico era el poder.In the frame of a larger research on predictors of success in trainig of Argentinian military cadets, two studies are introduced. The first one analyzes six cohorts of graduates from a military educative institution (1997-2003, taking into account the variability in the achievement exhibited during their higher education, relating it to demographics variables (parental education and occupation and the status of being a military's relative. Results show academic averages are descending in a period of six years. Military achievement shows less variability, while both academic and military achievement seem to be associated to parental education. The

  16. HM-PAO SPECT in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Cordes, M.; Rummeny, E.; Reissmann, M.; Fox, K.; Panitz, N.; Pfannenstiel, P.

    1987-01-01

    Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) after injection of 99m-Tc-HM-PAO was used to examine 34 patients whose clinical findings could not exclude a cerebrovascular disease. In all patients an X-ray computed tomography examination was inconclusive for the clinical-neurological findings. The regional cerebral bloodflow was pathologically disturbed in 10 of 34 patients in the HM-PAO SPECT examination. The detection of the regional cerebral bloodflow with HM-PAO SPECT is helpful in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease. (orig.) [de

  17. La sublevación de julio de 1936: proceso militar al general Romerales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joaquín Gil Honduvilla

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available En zona sublevada, desde finales de julio de 1936, la Justicia Militar se hizo extensiva a todo su territorio tras la aprobación por la Junta de Defensa en Burgos del Bando que declaraba el Estado de Guerra. Esa preeminencia de la justicia castrense sobre la civil, originó el protagonismo de los consejos de guerra, que también se utilizaron para juzgar a aquellos mandos del ejército que no secundaron la insurrección. Es el caso que se analiza en el presente artículo, referido al general Manuel Romerales Quintero, General Jefe de la Circunscripción Oriental en el Norte de África (Melilla. Con ese fin se estudian las normas procesales y penales utilizadas por los sublevados para formalizar este juicio, gracias a los fondos documentales del Tribunal Militar Territorial Segundo, con sede en Sevilla. Guerra civil, justicia militar, consejos de guerra.________________ABSTRACT:In zone incited to rebellion, from end of 1936 July, the Military justice became extensive to all its territory after the approval by then Meeting of Defense in Towns of the Side that declared the State military. That preeminence of military justice on the civilian, originated the protagonism of the advice military, who also were used to judge those controls of the army which they did not secundaron the insurrection. It is the case that the present analyzes in article, referred general Manuel Romerales Quintero, General Jefe of the Eastern Circumscription in North Africa (Melilla. With that aim the procedural and penal norms study used by the insurrectionists to formalize this judgment, thanks to the documentary bottoms of the Military Court Territorial Second, with seat in Seville.

  18. El 20 de abril: presente y pasado de un proyecto militar corporativo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    García Gallegos, Bertha

    2005-09-01

    Full Text Available En el Ecuador, las dictaduras de los años 60 y 70 vincularon a los militares con el desarrollo social y económico. Si bien en los 80 retornaron a los cuarteles, y a su bien acariciada política de autogestión empresarial, durante los 25 años de democracia formal se quedaron con esa visión idílica del poder basado en la fuerza y en el reemplazo de la política por la tecnocracia. Siguieron acariciando su vocación planificadora sobre lo social y lo político, hasta el punto que, ya en el siglo XXI, no dudaron en hacer suya la aventura gutierrista, apoyando tras bastidores a uno más de los populismos ecuatorianos. Criticando a la clase política, el gutierrismo saltó a la política por la vía electoral. Quiso revivir el proyecto militar. Pero ahora -como entonces- esta aventura no era más que una versión ideológica de una sociedad pensada en los cuarteles.

  19. Militares y democracia. ¿El dilema de la Venezuela de principios del siglo XXI?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irwin G., Domingo

    2004-08-01

    Full Text Available After an historiographical review, this article seeks to shed light on a somewhat forgotten question of the Venezuelan recent history: the civil-military relations in the context of the peculiar symbiosis that stretched from the fall of the Dictatorship in 1958 through the 1992 crisis, as well as the dilemma that nowadays confronts a military sector that is protagonizing the political debate due to the radicalization of Hugo Chávez’s Bolivarian Revolution.

    Partiendo de un balance historiográfico, este estudio intenta aclarar un aspecto algo olvidado de la historia reciente de Venezuela: las relaciones civiles-militares, desde la peculiar simbiosis que se da desde la caída de la dictadura en 1958 hasta la crisis de 1992 y el dilema que enfrenta, hoy en día, un sector militar convertido en protagonista del debate político ante la radicalización de la Revolución Bolivariana del Presidente Hugo Chávez.

  20. O uso dos estereótipos turísticos durante o regime militar brasileiro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Fino, Patrícia

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Durante os anos de 1964 a 1985, o Brasil viveu sob uma ditadura militar, marcada por forte repressão política/ideológica. Esta pesquisa se propôs a investigar se os estereótipos turísticos foram utilizados como forma de promover a ideologia proposta pelos militares, com objetivo de obter um maior controle da população. Nesta etapa da pesquisa foram utilizados os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos: revisão bibliográfica e levantamento documental. Brasil: terra do sol e do mar, das belas mulheres, do povo alegre e hospitaleiro! Este foi o Brasil reiteradamente apresentado nos discursos correntes no período analisado. Nesta pesquisa, ainda em andamento, a história será revista e reexaminada. Acredita-se que o ineditismo e a importância histórica do tema justificam a relevância do trabalho proposto.

  1. "FACULTAD DISCRECIONAL", PLANEACIÓN Y EFICIENCIA EN LA GESTIÓN DEL RECURSO HUMANO MILITAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Javier G Rincón Salcedo

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available El ejercicio de la Facultad Discrecional como mecanismo legal otorgado al ejecutivo para que pueda retirar por "Razones del Servicio" a funcionarios Militares, ha sido objeto de importantes delimitaciones por parte de los jueces administrativos y constitucionales. Estas delimitaciones, lejos de constituir barreras para el ejercicio de la actividad de la administración dentro de un país en conflicto, deben ser consideradas, por una parte, como mecanismos que, por la vía de considerar que las Actas de evaluación son parte del Acto Administrativo de Retiro, permiten garantizar el Derecho de Defensa de los funcionarios militares, y por otra parte, como instrumentos que contribuyen a "administrar mejor", en la medida que ejercen una presión sobre la Administración para que esta implemente una política coherente de Recursos humanos, que, naturalmente, redundará en el desarrollo de una gestión más eficiente del Estado.

  2. Autoeficácia e Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho: um estudo com policiais militares

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    Eduardo Coelho

    Full Text Available RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar a existência de relação entre qualidade de vida no trabalho e crenças de autoeficácia geral na Polícia Militar do Distrito Federal. A pesquisa se configura como estudo de caso, de delineamento correlacional e abordagem quantitativa. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho e a Escala de Autoeficácia Geral. Participaram 1027 policiais militares, sendo 895 homens e 114 mulheres, com tempo médio de 16 anos de serviço na PMDF. A análise dos resultados evidenciou que não há correlações significativas fortes entre QVT e autoeficácia. Conclui-se que não se pode promover QVT focando apenas no indivíduo, pois mesmo os participantes se percebendo autoeficazes não resultou em uma percepção positiva de QVT.

  3. Determinação de escalas de plantão para militares considerando preferências e hierarquia

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    Tânia Cordeiro Lindbeck da Silva

    2004-12-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar um modelo matemático de Programação Linear Inteira Binária (PLIB para resolver o problema de escalas de trabalho para o serviço de guarda de soldados (militares da Aeronáutica, de forma a definir os dias de serviço de guarda de cada militar, levando em consideração as suas preferências e as leis da hierarquia militar. Para a implementação e resolução do referido modelo, foi desenvolvido um programa computacional que serve como interface entre o usuário e o software LINGO, utilizado para resolver o modelo de PLIB. Para validar o modelo, várias simulações foram realizadas variando-se o número de militares, os seus pesos (graus de prioridade, as demandas diárias, os tipos de escalas e a possibilidade de se ter militares de sobreaviso. Os resultados foram bastante satisfatórios, comparando-se as escalas otimizadas com as escalas em uso por ocasião da coleta de dados (obtidas empiricamente. O modelo matemático apresentado pode ser facilmente adaptado e aplicado para outras forças armadas, se for o caso, já que todas elas possuem características semelhantes.The goal of this paper is to present a Binary Integer Linear Programming (BILP model to solve a AIR FORCE soldiers rostering problem in order to define duty service days for each soldier, considering his or her preferences and military hierarchy rules as well. For the formulation and solving of the BILP problem, a computational program has been developed to serve as an interface between the user and LINGO software, which was used to solve the BILP model. In order to validate the model, many simulations were conducted, using different number of soldiers, weights (priority degrees, daily demands, scales types and the eventual need for having soldiers on call. The results were considered acceptable, by comparing the optimized scales with the ones in use on the occasion of the data collection (those were based on worker's experience. The

  4. Por um programa preventivo em saúde mental do trabalhador na brigada militar

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    Fernanda Spanier Amador

    Full Text Available O presente artigo argumenta sobre a importância de políticas de Saúde e Segurança Públicas que sustentem programas voltados à saúde do trabalhador na Brigada Militar. Aborda, mais especificamente, a necessidade de ações preventivas e promotoras de saúde mental nesse âmbito.

  5. Cerebral blood flow in sickle cell cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Huttenlocher, P.R.; Moohr, J.W.; Johns, L.; Brown, F.D.

    1984-01-01

    Cerebral blood flow (CBF) has been studied by the xenon-133 ( 133 Xe) inhalation method in 16 children with suspected sickle cell cerebrovascular disease. Abnormalities consisting of decreases in total, hemispheral, or regional CBF were found in 17 of 26 studies. Eleven studies performed immediately after stroke, transient ischemic attack, or depression of state of alertness showed abnormalities. In addition to confirming regional cerebrovascular insufficiency in children with stroke due to major cerebral artery occlusion, the method detected diffuse decrease in CBF in children with stupor, coma, and seizures who had normal angiographic findings. In contrast, six of seven studies obtained after exchange transfusion or during maintenance on hypertransfusion therapy showed normal findings. The difference between results in patients with acute neurologic disturbances and those receiving transfusion therapy was statistically significant (P less than .005). The data indicate that the 133 Xe method reliably demonstrates cerebrovascular impairment in sickle cell disease. They also suggest that CBF changes in patients with sickle cell disease can be reversed by exchange transfusion and by hypertransfusion therapy. The 133 Xe CBF method may be useful for following up children with sickle cell disease who are at high risk for recurrent stroke

  6. Militares, prensa y credibilidad

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    César Mauricio Velásquez

    2003-01-01

    Full Text Available Para comprender la dimensión de las relaciones entre los organismos de seguridad del Estado, las Fuerzas Militares –FFMM- y la prensa, es necesario conocer la naturaleza y misión de cada uno dentro de un régimen democrático. En el caso colombiano la experiencia diaria demuestra que hay oportunidades en las que se viven situaciones de tensión al interior de las instituciones por mantener a los reporteros alejados, por lo menos temporalmente, de diferentes tipos de información. Igualmente, se les presiona para que difundan alguna noticia que no admite comprobación o que es de poca importancia. Para el mantenimiento de una buena relación es tan negativo cerrar las puertas de los diferentes organismos de seguridad y las FFMM a los requerimientos de los medios de comunicación, como informar de manera incompleta o equivocada. Así, por ningún motivo, la función informativa de los medios puede ser suplantada por el gobierno. La prensa debe tener acceso oportuno y justo a las noticias, porque la búsqueda y difusión de la verdad son precisamente la razón de ser de esta profesión.

  7. Neuropsychological evaluation of children after ischemic cerebrovascular disease

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    Guimarães Inês Elcione

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to associate neuropsychological evaluation with neuroimaging results in children with cerebral tomography indicating ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD. Neuroimaging, neurological exams and neuropsychological instruments were used to evaluate five children. The study revealed that the cognitive and perceptive skills in two children were normal and motor sequele in four cases. The rhythm, visual and speech receptive skills remained unchanged. In four cases the SPECT exam showed regions with hypoperfusion and in four cases the EEG was normal. Neuropsychological, neurological and image indication some degree of sequele demonstrating the importance of follow up of children who had suffered cerebrovascular disease.

  8. De soldado de cristo a Promotor de direitos humanos: história, religião e cultura na Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais (1950–2004.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cicero Nunes Moreira

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available MOREIRA, Cícero. N. De soldado de cristo a Promotor de direitos humanos: história, religião e cultura na Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais (1950–2004. Dissertação (Mestrado 2013. 152f - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte. Palavras-chaves: Polícia Militar. Identidade. Catolicismo. Devoções. Capelania Militar, Protestantismo. Evangélicos. Direitos Humanos.

  9. Pioglitazone improves reversal learning and exerts mixed cerebrovascular effects in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease with combined amyloid-β and cerebrovascular pathology.

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    Panayiota Papadopoulos

    Full Text Available Animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD are invaluable in dissecting the pathogenic mechanisms and assessing the efficacy of potential new therapies. Here, we used the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist pioglitazone in an attempt to rescue the pathogenic phenotype in adult (12 months and aged (>18 months bitransgenic A/T mice that overexpress a mutated human amyloid precursor protein (APPSwe,Ind and a constitutively active form of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1. A/T mice recapitulate the AD-related cognitive deficits, amyloid beta (Aβ and cerebrovascular pathologies, as well as the altered metabolic and vascular coupling responses to increased neuronal activity. Pioglitazone normalized neurometabolic and neurovascular coupling responses to sensory stimulation, and reduced cortical astroglial and hippocampal microglial activation in both age groups. Spatial learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze were not rescued by pioglitazone, but reversal learning was improved in the adult cohort notwithstanding a progressing Aβ pathology. While pioglitazone preserved the constitutive nitric oxide synthesis in the vessel wall, it unexpectedly failed to restore cerebrovascular reactivity in A/T mice and even exacerbated the dilatory deficits. These data demonstrate pioglitazone's efficacy on selective AD hallmarks in a complex AD mouse model of comorbid amyloidosis and cerebrovascular pathology. They further suggest a potential benefit of pioglitazone in managing neuroinflammation, cerebral perfusion and glucose metabolism in AD patients devoid of cerebrovascular pathology.

  10. Revisión actualizada sobre enfermedad cerebrovascular: estudio de un caso

    OpenAIRE

    Bardají Fandos, Teodosia

    2003-01-01

    La enfermedad cerebrovascular (ECV), también denominada accidente cerebrovascular (ACV)o ictus, representa el 90% de las enfermedades neurológicas y constituye la tercera causa de muerte en la mayoría de los países desarrollados; en España representa la primera causa de muerte en mujeres de 75 años o más de edad.

  11. Cerebrovascular disease in Utah, 1968--1971.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lyon, J L; Bishop, C T; Nielsen, N S

    1981-01-01

    Utah mortality rates for cerebrovascular disease (ICD numbers 430--438) are 13% below U.S. rates. About 70% of Utahns are members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, commonly called Mormons of LDS, which proscribes use of tobacco and alcohol. Other studies on this group have found significantly lower occurrence of many cancers and ischemic heart disease. We tested the hypothesis that Utah's lower cerebrovascular disease (CBVD) mortality was contributed by the LDS population. We classified by religion all CBVD deaths (2,521) (except subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral embolism) occurring in the state in 1968--1971. No significant difference was found between LDS and non-LDS, but both groups had mortality rates below U.S. expectation. Although recent studies have reported smoking to be a risk factor for CBVD, we found no consistent difference between the LDS and non-LDS, even in the younger age groups. The results do not support the hypothesis that tobacco is an important etiologic agent in CBVD mortality.

  12. Aspirin Allergy Desensitization in Cerebrovascular Disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zuckerman, Scott L; Seder, David B; Tsujiura, Crystiana; Cushing, Deborah; Gallup, Holly; Mocco, J; Hanel, Richard A; Ecker, Robert D

    2014-01-01

    Summary Aspirin (ASA) is the mainstay of treatment in cerebrovascular and systemic vascular disease. ASA hypersensitivity can pose a challenge to achieving optimum medical management prior to and after neurointerventional treatment. Desensitization to ASA is well described in the allergy and cardiovascular literature, but there are no similar discussions specific to neurointervention. The purpose of our study was to describe our experience with ASA hypersensitivity management and review the relevant literature. Two cases of patients with symptomatic cerebrovascular disease requiring neurointervention who were successfully desensitized to their ASA hypersensitivity prior to treatment are described. The subsequent literature is reviewed. Several ASA desensitization protocols exist and have been proven to successfully treat ASA hypersensitivity and allow for ASA therapy to be safely initiated. We describe several previously published protocols. ASA desensitization is a safe and simple way to manage ASA hypersensitivity. We provide comprehensive management guidelines for the neurointerventionalist engaging in ASA desensitization. PMID:24556294

  13. Positron emission tomography in cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Powers, W.J.

    1988-01-01

    This paper reviews and discusses those aspects of PET that are relevant to its current and future role in the clinical care of individual patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease. In making a judgement about the value of any diagnostic test in the management of patients with a specific disease, one must decide what criteria to apply. It is tempting to conclude that any test that provides accurate data related to the pathophysiology of the disease under consideration must be clinically useful. This is not necessarily the case, however, if the data do not lead to better patient care by reducing either morbidity and mortality or expense. Such is currently the case for PET in human cerebrovascular disease. The data that PET can provide on CBF, CBV, OEF, and CMRO 2 are accurate and are directly related to the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. As yet, however, there is no evidence that the application of these data leads to improvements in patient care

  14. Estudio descriptivo de la enfermedad cerebrovascular en el Hospital Regional Docente de Ica-Perú 2003 - 2006

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    J. Jhonnel Alarco

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo, Determinar algunas características epidemiológicas de la enfermedad cerebro vascular (ECV, describir las características de la población estudiada según sexo, edad, procedencia, raza, forma de inicio, ubicación, tipos y subtipos, síntomas, antecedentes patológicos y mortalidad intrahospitalaria. Materiales y métodos, estudio descriptivo. Lugar, Hospital Regional Docente de Ica. Criterios de inclusión, pacientes ingresados con diagnóstico de accidente cerebrovascular. Intervenciones, revisión de historias clínicas de archivo entre los años 2003 y 2006 Principales medidas de resultados, análisis estadístico, porcentajes y medidas de tendencia central, tabuladas en una base de datos con ayuda del programa Microsoft Excel 2003 para Windows®. Resultados, de 152 pacientes ingresados al servicio de Medicina 119 fueron casos de ECV isquémico, 33 casos fueron ECV hemorrágico. El principal antecedente patológico fue la hipertensión arterial con un 75.0 %. El síntoma más frecuente fue el trastorno motor con 80.3% seguido por alteraciones del lenguaje con 55.9%. El mayor número fue encontrado entre la séptima y octava décadas de la vida. La edad mínima fue de 17 y máxima de 102 años. La mortalidad global fue de 18 casos obteniéndose una tasa de letalidad específica para el ECV isquémico de 0,8% y de 51,5% para el ECV hemorrágico. Conclusiones: Se distingue a la HTA como el principal antecedente modificable, cuya prevención reduciría notablemente su mortalidad.

  15. Promotor polymorphisms in leukotriene C4 synthase and risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Freiberg, J.J.; Tybjaerg-Hansen, A.; Sillesen, H.

    2008-01-01

    OBJECTIVE: Cysteinyl leukotrienes are involved in inflammation and possibly in early carotid atherosclerosis. We tested the hypothesis that the -444 A/C and -1072 G/A polymorphisms of the leukotriene C(4) synthase associate with risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: We...... genotyped 10 592 individuals from the Danish general population, the Copenhagen City Heart Study. During 24 years of follow-up, 557 individuals developed ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The allele frequency was 0.07 for -1072 A and 0.29 for -444 C. Cumulative incidence for ischemic cerebrovascular disease...... was higher for -1072 AA versus GG genotype (log-rank: P=0.002), and lower for -444 CC versus AA genotype (log-rank: P=0.008). Combined genotypes showed corresponding cumulative incidence differences (log-rank: P=0.003). Multifactorially adjusted hazard ratios for ischemic cerebrovascular disease were 2...

  16. Dietary Curcumin Ameliorates Aging-Related Cerebrovascular Dysfunction through the AMPK/Uncoupling Protein 2 Pathway

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    Yunfei Pu

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available Background/Aims: Age-related cerebrovascular dysfunction contributes to stroke, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. One pathogenic mechanism underlying this effect is increased oxidative stress. Up-regulation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2 plays a crucial role in regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS production. Dietary patterns are widely recognized as contributors to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that dietary curcumin, which has an antioxidant effect, can improve aging-related cerebrovascular dysfunction via UCP2 up-regulation. Methods: The 24-month-old male rodents used in this study, including male Sprague Dawley (SD rats and UCP2 knockout (UCP2-/- and matched wild type mice, were given dietary curcumin (0.2%. The young control rodents were 6-month-old. Rodent cerebral artery vasorelaxation was detected by wire myograph. The AMPK/UCP2 pathway and p-eNOS in cerebrovascular and endothelial cells were observed by immunoblotting. Results: Dietary curcumin administration for one month remarkably restored the impaired cerebrovascular endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in aging SD rats. In cerebral arteries from aging SD rats and cultured endothelial cells, curcumin promoted eNOS and AMPK phosphorylation, up-regulated UCP2 and reduced ROS production. These effects of curcumin were abolished by either AMPK or UCP2 inhibition. Chronic dietary curcumin significantly reduced ROS production and improved cerebrovascular endothelium-dependent relaxation in aging wild type mice but not in aging UCP2-/- mice. Conclusions: Curcumin improves aging-related cerebrovascular dysfunction via the AMPK/UCP2 pathway.

  17. Maternal cerebrovascular accidents in pregnancy: incidence and outcomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Walsh, Jennifer; Murphy, Cliona; Murray, Aoife; O'Laoide, Risteard; McAuliffe, Fionnuala M

    2010-12-01

    Stroke occurring during pregnancy and the postnatal period is a rare but potentially catastrophic event. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence and outcomes of pregnancies complicated by maternal stroke in a single centre. This is a prospective study of over 35,000 consecutive pregnancies over a four-year period at the National Maternity Hospital in Dublin from 2004 to 2008; in addition we also retrospectively examined all cases of maternal mortality at our institution over a 50-year period from 1959 to 2009. We prospectively identified eight cases of strokes complicating pregnancy and the postnatal period giving an overall incidence of 22.34 per 100,000 pregnancies or 24.74 per 100,000 deliveries. There were no stroke-related mortalities during that time. Retrospective analysis of maternal mortality revealed 102 maternal deaths over a 50-year period, 19 (18.6%) of which were due to cerebrovascular accidents. In conclusion, strokes complicating pregnancy and the puerperium remain a rare event and though there appears to be evidence that the incidence is increasing, the associated maternal mortality appears to be falling.

  18. Gender Roles, Masculinity, And Militarism: Factors Contributing To Rape Being Used As A Weapon Of War In The Eastern Democratic Republic Of The Congo

    Science.gov (United States)

    2014-04-01

    Messerschmidt, J. “ Hegemonic Masculinity : Rethinking the Concept.” Gender and Society 19, no.6 (2005). http://www.jstor.org.aufric.idm.oclc.org...AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE AIR UNIVERSITY GENDER ROLES, MASCULINITY , AND MILITARISM: FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO RAPE...the sexual violence against women. The factors that will be critically explored in this paper are the gender roles, masculinity , and militarism of the

  19. ELEMENTELE CONSTITUTIVE ŞI ELEMENTELE CIRCUMSTANŢIALE AGRAVANTE ALE INFRACŢIUNILOR CONTRA PATRIMONIULUI MILITAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sergiu BRÎNZA

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Articolul de faţă este dedicat analizei juridico-penale a infracţiunilor contra patrimoniului militar, prevăzute laart.379-381 CP RM. Sunt examinate elementele constitutive (obiectul, latura obiectivă, latura subiectivă şi subiectul,precum şi elementele circumstanţiale agravante ale acestor infracţiuni. Sunt propuse criterii de delimitare a infracţiunilorspecificate la art.379-381 CP RM în raport cu faptele conexe de factură penală sau nepenală. Printre aspectele de noutateale studiului de faţă trebuie remarcată revizuirea concepţiei de identificare a variantelor-tip şi a variantelor agravate în cazulinfracţiunilor prevăzute la art.379 CP RM. În rezultatul analizei efectuate se ajunge la concluzia că, datorită specificului lor,infracţiunile contra patrimoniului militar nu au victimă. De asemenea, se stabileşte că infracţiunile prevăzute la art.379-381CP RM sunt săvârşite pe calea acţiunii (şi sau inacţiunii. Se arată că, de cele mai dese ori, infracţiunile contra patrimoniului militar au o factură materială. Doar în situaţia infracţiunii prevăzute la alin.(1 art.381 CP RM se atestă existenţa semnelor atât ale unei infracţiuni materiale, cât şi ale unei infracţiuni formale. Se relevă că timpul de război este un semn secundarobligatoriu al laturii obiective în ipoteza infracţiunilor specificate la lit.a alin.(3 art.379, lit.a alin.(2 art.380, lit.a alin.(2şi lit.a alin.(4 art.381 CP RM. Se stabileşte că ambianţa infracţiunii (şi anume – condiţiile de luptă constituie un semnsecundar obligatoriu al laturii obiective în cazul infracţiunilor prevăzute la lit.b alin.(3 art.379, lit.b alin.(2 art.380, lit.balin.(2 şi lit.b alin.(4 art.381 CP RM. Se arată că infracţiunea specificată la art.380 CP RM este săvârşită din imprudenţă.În situaţii de altă natură, făptuitorul manifestă intenţie sau imprudenţă faţă de fapta prejudiciabilă şi numai impruden

  20. “No front dos sexos”: a marcha de enfermeiras brasileiras para a conquista do serviço militar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alexandre Barbosa de Oliveira

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available Estudo histórico-social que objetivou analisar as iniciativas de incorporação oficial de enfermeiras brasileiras no campo militar durante a primeira metade do século XX e discutir as implicações da incorporação oficial de enfermeiras brasileiras no Serviço Militar, no bojo da Segunda Guerra Mundial. As fontes primárias foram documentos escritos e iconográficos. Os dados foram classificados, contextualizados e analisados por meio do método histórico, e tratados à luz da Teoria do Mundo Social de Pierre Bourdieu e de estudos sobre Minha História das Mulheres, de Michelle Perrot. Os resultados evidenciaram que as iniciativas de incorporação oficial de mulheres enfermeiras em instituições militarizadas no Brasil foram definidas pelos efeitos simbólicos da dominação masculina, que ditaram os limites e possibilidades destas enfermeiras na ocupação de posições de poder e prestígio nas Forças Armadas do país à época. Foi uma história de luta em que se (redefiniu a divisão sexual do trabalho no campo militar.

  1. Reliability of the minimum basic dataset for diagnoses of cerebrovascular disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hernández Medrano, I; Guillán, M; Masjuan, J; Alonso Cánovas, A; Gogorcena, M A

    2017-03-01

    The minimum basic dataset is the largest available hospital care administrative database that is used in clinical studies and hospital management in association with diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). In 2011, the quality of the national MBDS in hospital discharges was audited, in order to assess its reliability. This paper presents a sub-analysis of the results from that analysis which are referred to cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Using all discharge reports from the Spanish MBDS in 2009, a representative sample was obtained by stratified sampling and 11 209 records were evaluated. Outcome indicators were obtained to measure any differences observed between the national MBDS being evaluated and the hospital's original MBDS. Analysis of codes for CVD as a primary diagnosis was performed for ICD-9-CM diagnostic categories 430 through 438. We evaluated error rates in the selection and classification of main diagnoses, as well as in DRG assignment. There were 397 discharges of cases of CVD which included 21 different DRGs. Diagnostic coding showed a concordance rate of 81.87%; the selection error rate was 2.26% and the classification error rate was 15.87%. The error rate in the DRG was 16.12% and associated with the greatest impact on the mortality risk level. While the errors we observed must be taken into account, data suggest that the quality of the MBDS for CVD is sufficient to ensure delivery of valid information. The hospital discharge registry serves as a valuable tool for use in studies of this disease. Copyright © 2014 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

  2. CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL EM INSTITUIÇÕES MILITARES DE ENSINO

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jurandir Andrade Costa

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available O presente estudo apresenta como objetivo, identificar a cultura organizacional presente no Centro de Formação e Aperfeiçoamento da Polícia Militar do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte – Brasil (CFAPM a partir do modelo dos estilos de funcionamento organizacional de Paz e Mendes. Para tanto, se utilizou de uma pesquisa do tipo descritiva, classificada como sendo um estudo de caso e de natureza predominantemente quantitativa, realizado com 59 policiais militares que trabalham no CFAPM, possibilitando a identificação da cultura organizacional e as relações existentes entre as variáveis sócio demográficas dos indivíduos estudados. Os dados foram tratados por meio de técnicas de estatística, Teste Qui-quadrado, o Teste Exato de Fisher e a Analise de Correspondência. Os resultados obtidos indicaram a predominância do estilo cultural afiliativo a partir da percepção dos policiais pesquisados e apontaram uma significativa relação entre as variáveis sócio demográficas e os estilos culturais, de forma a identificar que tal predominância foi apontada por 55,9% dos policiais, e que esta se deu em todas as características gerais, percebendo-se que a cultura organizacional absorve influência de acordo com a variação de tais características. Por fim, conclui-se que o presente estudo identifica que o estilo cultural predominante no CFAPM é o afiliativo, o qual possui características de um padrão coletivista, tendo como subcultura o estilo empreendedor.

  3. Improvement of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and attention network function of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease via dexmedetomidine.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Jingchao; Wang, Guoliang; Zhang, Fangxiang; Zhao, Qian

    2018-03-01

    The protective effect of dexmedetomidine on cognitive dysfunction and decreased attention network function of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease after stenting was investigated. Fifty-eight patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease undergoing stenting in Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group (n=29) and dexmedetomidine group (n=29). The dexmedetomidine group was treated with dexmedetomidine before induced anesthesia, while the control group was given the same dose of normal saline; and the normal volunteers of the same age were selected as the normal group (n=29). At 3 days after operation, the levels of serum S100B and nerve growth factor (NGF) in each group were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was detected via western blotting. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and attention network test (ANT) were performed. Moreover, the cognitive function and attention network function, and the effects of dexmedetomidine on cognitive function and attention network function were evaluated. The concentrations of serum S100B and NGF in dexmedetomidine group was lower than those in control group (Pfunction scores, attention scores, delayed memory scores, targeted network efficiency and executive control network efficiency in dexmedetomidine group were obviously higher than those in control group (Pcognitive function and attention network function of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease have a certain degree of damage, and the preoperative administration of dexmedetomidine can effectively improve the patient's cognitive dysfunction and attention network function after operation.

  4. Clinical observation of cerebrovascular diseases current in Chernobyl accident liquidators

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Golovchenko, Yu.Yi.; Usatenko, O.G.; Romanenko, N.Yi.

    1999-01-01

    The results of the clinical follow up study (1993-1997) of cerebrovascular diseases development in the Chernobyl accident liquidators are presented. The syndrome of autonomous nervous system dysfunction following to an exposure to the Chernobyl accident consequences factors promotes to fast development of atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. On the base of an analysis of the data obtained it was established that the primary diencephalic structures damage resulted in severe changes of different metabolic system, particularly in the cerebrovascular disorders development

  5. Entre héroes y traidores: Sentidos militares y militantes acerca del rol de los conscriptos en los años 70

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Santiago Garaño

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo analizaremos cómo las autoridades militares argentinas concibieron el rol que los conscriptos debían jugar en la autodenominada “lucha contra la subversión”, en el contexto de violencia política previo al golpe de estado del 24 de marzo de 1976. En primer lugar, mostraremos que los soldados que cumplían el servicio militar obligatorio fueron interpelados no sólo por el Ejército sino también por el PRT-ERP, apelando en ambos casos a los valores morales del 'heroísmo' y del 'sacrificio' de la propia vida. En segundo lugar, argumentaremos que el personal militar fundó una lógica binaria “héroe”-”traidor” como parámetro para juzgar moralmente las conductas de los conscriptos. Por último, postularemos que se apuntaló ese código moral utilizando ideas de pureza, contaminación y peligro.

  6. Educação e ideologia tecnocrática na ditadura militar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amarilio Ferreira Jr.

    Full Text Available O objetivo deste artigo é examinar a ideologia tecnocrática subjacente à educação brasileira durante a vigência da ditadura militar (1964-1985. Adotamos a premissa segundo a qual as reformas educacionais implementadas após 1964 ficaram marcadas tanto pelo modelo de modernização autoritária do capitalismo brasileiro adotado a partir de 1964, quanto pela teoria econômica do "capital humano". A propaganda ufanista, que tinha como lema o "Brasil Grande Potência", gerado pela "eficiência técnica" aplicada na forma de administrar o Estado e as suas empresas, também teve os seus corolários ideológicos no âmbito da própria política educacional levada à prática após a reforma universitária de 1968 e a reforma da educação de 1º e 2º graus de 1971. Assim, o sistema nacional de educação que emergiu com as reformas da ditadura militar foi marcado pela ideologia tecnocrática, que propugnava uma concepção pedagógica autoritária e produtivista na relação entre educação e mundo do trabalho.

  7. Availability of endovascular therapies for cerebrovascular disease at primary stroke centers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Alberts, Mark J; Range, Jean; Spencer, William; Cantwell, Vicki; Hampel, M J

    2017-02-01

    Background Endovascular therapies (EVTs) are useful for treating cerebrovascular disease. There are few data about the availability of such services at primary stroke centers (PSCs). Our hypothesis was that some of these services may be available at some PSCs. Methods We conducted an internet-based survey of hospitals certified as PSCs by the Joint Commission. The survey inquired about EVTs such as intra-arterial (IA) lytics, IA mechanical clot removal, coiling of aneurysms, and cervical arterial stenting, physician training, coverage models, hospital type, and outcomes. Chi-square analyses were used to detect differences between academic and community PSCs. Results Data were available from 352 PSCs, of which 75% were community hospitals, 23% academic medical centers, and 80% were non-profit; almost half (48%) see 300 or more patients annually with ischemic stroke. A majority (60%) provided some or all EVTs on site, while 29% had none on site and no plans to add them. Among the respondents offering EVTs, 95% offered stenting of neck vessels, 86% IA lytics, 80% IA mechanical, and 74% aneurysm coiling. The majority (>55%) that did offer such services provided them 24/7/365. Most endovascular coverage was provided by interventional neuroradiologists (60%), fellowship trained endovascular neurosurgeons (42%), and interventional radiologists (41%). The majority of hospitals (81%) did not participate in an audited national registry. Conclusions A variety of EVT services are offered at many PSCs by interventionalists with diverse types of training. The availability of such services is clinically relevant now with the proven efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy for ischemic stroke.

  8. Los Consejos De Guerra Durante La Última Dictadura Militar Argentina (1976–1983

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    Débora D´Antonio

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo me propongo explorar el funcionamiento de los Consejos de Guerra o tribunales militares que actuaron en los límites del aparato represivo legal de la última dictadura militar argentina. Estos tribunales fueron concebidos hacia fines del siglo XIX como fueros diferenciados destinados a mantener la disciplina de las Fuerzas Armadas. Sin embargo, desde comienzos de la década del sesenta, más tarde en los primeros años setenta y especialmente desde el golpe de Estado militar de marzo de 1976 se convirtieron en cuerpos extrajudiciales concentrados en acusar y juzgar a civiles por medio de la figura del delito político. La historiografía argentina aún no ha reconocido el papel significativo que desempeñaron los Consejos de Guerra al contribuir con el proceso de judicialización de la represión política, con la redefinición de una legalidad autoritaria y con una nueva racionalidad política. Abstract In this paper I will explore the mechanisms by which the councils of war or military courts that were involved in the last military dictatorship in Argentina, acted on the border between legality and illegality within the framework of the legal repressive apparatus of that time. These courts were conceived in the late nineteenth century as distinct jurisdictions intended to maintain discipline in the armed forces. However, since the early sixties, later in the early seventies and especially since the March 1976 coup, they became extrajudicial bodies that judged and prosecute civilians for political crimes. Argentina’s historiography has not yet fully recognized the significant role played by these councils of war as contributors to the process of judicialization of political repression, the redefinition of authoritarian legality and a new political rationality.

  9. A história da Brigada Militar pelas páginas da Revista Pindorama = The history of the Military Brigade through the pages of Revista Pindorama

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silva, Amanda Siqueira da

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available A revista Pindorama surgiu nos últimos anos do Borgismo no Rio Grande do Sul, num período de crise do Partido Republicano Rio-grandense e de transformações políticas no país. A revista surgiu dentro da Brigada Militar, com apoio de seu comandante, entretanto esta era uma publicação particular de dois tenentes, na qual tinham a intencionalidade de relembrar os grandes feitos militares da Instituição, demonstrando uma preocupação para que a história da BM não fosse esquecida, assim como também reforçava o compromisso da BM com a ideologia do PRR. A Brigada Militar foi criada em 1892 e desde então foi mantenedora da hegemonia política do PRR no Rio Grande do Sul, atuou em defesa destes na Revolução Federalista (1893, na Revolta Assisista (1923 e contra os levantes Tenentistas (1924 até 1926. Durante sua formação, recebeu uma missão de instrução militar pelo Exército Nacional, o que depois levou a uma proximidade grande entre as Forças, a Brigada Militar recebeu forte aparelhamento bélico, o que possibilitou que esta se tornasse um Exército regional com diversas atuações em prol do ideário republicano castilhista

  10. The role of inflammation and interleukin-1 in acute cerebrovascular disease

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    Galea J

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available James Galea,1 David Brough21Manchester Academic Health Sciences Center, Brain Injury Research Group, Clinical Sciences Building, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, UK; 2Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Manchester, UKAbstract: Acute cerebrovascular disease can affect people at all stages of life, from neonates to the elderly, with devastating consequences. It is responsible for up to 10% of deaths worldwide, is a major cause of disability, and represents an area of real unmet clinical need. Acute cerebrovascular disease is multifactorial with many mechanisms contributing to a complex pathophysiology. One of the major processes worsening disease severity and outcome is inflammation. Pro-inflammatory cytokines of the interleukin (IL-1 family are now known to drive damaging inflammatory processes in the brain. The aim of this review is to discuss the recent literature describing the role of IL-1 in acute cerebrovascular disease and to provide an update on our current understanding of the mechanisms of IL-1 production. We also discuss the recent literature where the effects of IL-1 have been targeted in animal models, thus reviewing potential future strategies that may limit the devastating effects of acute cerebrovascular disease.Keywords: cerebral ischemia, stroke, inflammation, microglia, interleukin-1, caspase-1

  11. Civiles y militares en las ciudades de la Restauración. Barcelona y La Coruña en 1891

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    Alberto Bru Sánchez-Fortún

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available A través de dos casos en que se impuso pena de muerte a sendos cabos, hemos tratado de ilustrar las tensas relaciones entre civiles y militares en los tranquilos años previos al 98, centrando nuestra exploración en las fricciones, cotidianas pero a veces de cierta gravedad política, entre la sociedad urbana y su guarnición. Desde esta nueva perspectiva, ambos casos nos permitirán ir desgranando muy diversos temas, como la condición de capitán general, el impacto en la sensibilidad de la sociedad civil de los procedimientos y castigos militares, las condiciones de vida de la tropa, las relaciones entre la prensa y los militares, la génesis del Código de Justicia Militar de 1890, etc.We have tried to illustrate the tense relationships between civilians and the military in the quiet years previous to 1898, by analysing two cases in which the death penalty was imposed on two corporals. We focus on the daily tensions, but which are sometimes of political importance, in an urban society and its garrison. From this new point of view, both cases will allow us to develop one by one several subjects, like the condition of “capitán general” (highest military authority of the district, the impact of military procedures and punishments on the sensitivity of civilian society, the troop’s living conditions, the relationship between the press and the military, the birth of the 1890’s Military Justice Code, etc.

  12. Clarithromycin for stable coronary heart disease increases all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and cerebrovascular morbidity over 10years in the CLARICOR randomised, blinded clinical trial

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Winkel, Per; Hilden, Jørgen; Hansen, Jørgen Fischer

    2015-01-01

    -cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR): 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.21) and cerebrovascular disease during 10years (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02-1.38). The increased mortality and morbidity were restricted to patients not on statin at entry (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.31, and HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1...... death outside hospital and cerebrovascular morbidity in patients with stable coronary heart disease who were not on statin. The increased cardiovascular mortality was years later compensated, likely through frailty attrition.......BACKGROUND: The CLARICOR trial reported that clarithromycin compared with placebo increased all-cause mortality in patients with stable coronary heart disease. This study investigates the effects of clarithromycin versus placebo during 10years follow up. METHODS: The CLARICOR trial is a randomised...

  13. Influence of cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis on cerebral oxygenation during exercise

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nagayama, Osamu; Koike, Akira; Hoshimoto, Masayo; Yamaguchi, Kaori; Tajima, Akihiko; Goda, Ayumi; Uejima, Tokuhisa; Aizawa, Tadanori; Itoh, Haruki

    2007-01-01

    Although it is assumed that cerebral oxygenation during exercise is influenced by both cardiopulmonary function and cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis, the latter factor has not been fully clarified. In the present study the relationship between the degree of cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis and cerebral oxygenation during exercise was investigated. A total of 109 patients (69 patients with coronary artery disease, 40 patients with hypertensive heart disease) (61.7±9.7 years) performed a symptom-limited exercise test with respiratory gas measurements (CPX). From the respiratory gas analysis, peak O 2 uptake (VO 2 ), the slope of the increase in VO 2 to the increase in work rate (ΔVO 2 /ΔWR), and the slope of the increase in ventilation to the increase in CO 2 output (VE/VCO 2 slope) were calculated. Oxyhemoglobin (O 2 Hb) at the forehead was monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy. The brain ischemic score was counted based upon fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images of magnetic resonance imaging and expressed from 0 to 4. When compared with patients with a lower ischemic score ( 2 Hb during exercise (-1.08±2.7 vs 0.77±4.1 μmol/L, p=0.011). Of brain ischemic score, left ventricular ejection fraction, peak VO 2 , ΔVO 2 /ΔWR, and the VE/VCO 2 slope, ΔVO 2 /ΔWR was found to be the sole independent index determining cerebral O 2 Hb during exercise. The CPX parameters were also significantly related to the degree of cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis. Although cerebral oxygenation during exercise is mainly related to cardiopulmonary function, the degree of cerebrovascular arteriosclerosis partly influences cerebral oxygenation in patients with risk factors for atherosclerosis. (author)

  14. Positron emission tomography of cerebrovascular disorders

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Tanaka, Makoto; Hirai, Shunsaku; Kondo, Susumu; Ishiguro, Koji; Yamazaki, Tsuneo

    1989-01-01

    The pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disorders which present PET findings significantly different from those by XCT were studied. The PET study was performed using a steady state method of 15 O 2 and C 15 O 2 inhalation. The XCT was obtained simultaneously. Seventeen cases with marked discrepancies between XCT and PET findings were selected from 50 cases with cerebrovascular disorders. Twenty-two findings, shown by PET but not by XCT, from the 17 cases were classified into three major groups on the basis of pathogenesis. Group I was composed of nine cases suffering from ischemic stroke either without any cerebral cortical structural abnormalities or with an organic lesion not revealed by XCT. Ischemic penumbra or allied mechanism may explain the discrepancy in this group. Perfusion and metabolic decreases in the 11 patients in Group II were caused by the transneuronal effects (diaschisis) of stroke; cortical effect of a small white matter infarction; cortical effect of thalamic hemorrhage; and an effect of a cerebral hemispheric lesion on the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere (crossed cerebellar diaschisis). Group III consisted of two cases studied in a period of prominent fogging effect. Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolic rates of oxygen (CMRO 2 ) of the cerebral cortex or cerebellar hemisphere were measured in the area where perfusional and/or metabolic changes were demonstrated and in the corresponding area in the contralateral hemisphere. Reduction rates of CBF and CMRO 2 in the former to those in the latter were calculated. Evaluation of the functional images in PET depends primarily on visual and qualitative analyses. The comparison of radioactivities in a diseased region and in a reference region can inform a semiquantitative parameter in SPECT. The reduction rates of CBF and CMRO 2 in PET will serve as a good guide to evaluate the parameter in SPECT of cerebrovascular disorders. (J.P.N.)

  15. Antioxidants and Dementia Risk: Consideration through a Cerebrovascular Perspective

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    Virginie Lam

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available A number of natural and chemical compounds that exert anti-oxidative properties are demonstrated to be beneficial for brain and cognitive function, and some are reported to reduce the risk of dementia. However, the detailed mechanisms by which those anti-oxidative compounds show positive effects on cognition and dementia are still unclear. An emerging body of evidence suggests that the integrity of the cerebrovascular blood-brain barrier (BBB is centrally involved in the onset and progression of cognitive impairment and dementia. While recent studies revealed that some anti-oxidative agents appear to be protective against the disruption of BBB integrity and structure, few studies considered the neuroprotective effects of antioxidants in the context of cerebrovascular integrity. Therefore, in this review, we examine the mechanistic insights of antioxidants as a pleiotropic agent for cognitive impairment and dementia through a cerebrovascular axis by primarily focusing on the current available data from physiological studies. Conclusively, there is a compelling body of evidence that suggest antioxidants may prevent cognitive decline and dementia by protecting the integrity and function of BBB and, indeed, further studies are needed to directly examine these effects in addition to underlying molecular mechanisms.

  16. Abnormal Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

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    Carlos Henrique Ferreira Camargo

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Background. Orthostatic hypotension (OH is an important nonmotor manifestation of Parkinson’s disease (PD. Changes in cerebrovascular reactivity may contribute to this manifestation and can be monitored using transcranial Doppler. Objective. To identify possible changes in cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with OH. Methods. Twenty-two individuals were selected and divided into three groups: with and without OH and controls. Transcranial Doppler was used to assess basal mean blood flow velocity, postapnea mean blood flow velocity, percentage increase in mean blood flow velocity, and cerebrovascular reactivity as measured by the breath-holding index. Results. PD patients had lower values of basal velocity (p=0.019, postapnea velocity (p=0.0015, percentage increase in velocity (p=0.039, and breath-holding index (p=0.04 than the controls. Patients with OH had higher values of basal velocity (p=0.09 and postapnea velocity (p=0.19 but lower values of percentage increase in velocity (p=0.22 and breath-holding index (p=0.32 than patients without OH. Conclusions. PD patients present with abnormalities in a compensatory mechanism that regulates cerebral blood flow. OH could be an indicator of these abnormalities.

  17. Inteligencia Emocional en los docentes de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada

    OpenAIRE

    López Pacheco, Jenny Carolina; Pedraza Ortíz, Alexandra Patricia

    2016-01-01

    La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal describir el estado actual de la inteligencia emocional en los docentes de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Se utilizaron los siguientes instrumentos: escala Trait Meta Mood Scale 24 (TMMS-24) y una encuesta de variables sociodemográficas. También se describió la percepción que tienen los docentes con relación al concepto de Inteligencia Emocional. La investigación fue de tipo observacional descriptiva, se realizó un muestreo por con...

  18. Visões de um objeto incômodo: o regime militar brasileiro An undesirable subject: the Brazilian military regime

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    Angelo Del Vecchio

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo visa a qualificação do regime político vigente no Brasil entre 1964-1985. Para tanto, desenvolvo o resgate do conceito de ditadura, especialmente a partir da obra de Carl Schimitt, e busco aferir a sua adequação à análise do período militar. Palavras-chave: Estado. Regime político. Ditadura. Regime militar. The present article tries to qualify the political regime in Brazil from 1964 to 1985, using the concept of dictatorship mainly developed by Carl Schimitt in his writings and tries to adequate this concept to the Brazilian military regime. Keywords: State. Political regime. Dictatorship. Military regime.

  19. Situación económica y militar de Argentina entre 1852 y el inicio de la guerra del Paraguay

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    Sergio Fernando Sánchez

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available El texto en general aborda el análisis de la situación financiera, económica y militar entre 1852 y el inicio de la guerra del Paraguay. Del análisis resulta una situación desfavorable para la participación de Argentina en la guerra. Hipótesis que se valida a partir del análisis de los principales eventos financieros y militares que caracterizaron al período objeto de estudio. La argumentación comienza con una breve presentación del Estado de Buenos Aires, continúa con la identificación de la deuda que generaron y trasladaron el gobierno nacional en 1862. Evalúa los alcances del pacto fiscal constitucional de 1853, la reforma constitucional de 1860, y la situación económica respecto de las cuentas nacionales a partir de 1862. Finalmente, expone la situación militar, desde Pavón hasta la organización del Ejército Nacional de Campaña que se empeñó en el teatro de operaciones del Paraguay.

  20. Hipertensión arterial sistólica. Impacto sobre la enfermedad cerebrovascular.

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    María C. Valle Campo

    2011-08-01

    Full Text Available Fundamento: La aterosclerosis es un proceso multifactorial sobre el cual actúan varios factores de riesgo. Constituye la principal causa de muerte y de morbilidad en ingresados hospitalarios, y puede ocasionar una acentuada disminución del flujo sanguíneo hacia todos los órganos del cuerpo humano
    Objetivo
    : Determinar el impacto de la hipertensión arterial sistólica sobre la enfermedad cerebrovascular.
    Métodos
    : Se realizó un estudio transversal, observacional y analítico, en 59 fallecidos hipertensos. Se analizaron las arterias cerebrales y se cuantificó la lesión aterosclerótica y su variedad, aplicándose el sistema aterométrico, teniendo en cuenta los tipos de hipertensión arterial. Se emplearon procedimientos estadísticos (medidas de tendencia central y comparativos (prueba de comparación de media aritmética basadas en el test “t” de student.
    Resultados: Los infartos cerebrales recientes fueron más frecuentes en hipertensos sistodiastólicos. No hubo diferencia significativa en cuanto a la edad en el momento de aparición de las lesiones para ambos sexos, pero las mujeres con hipertensión sistólica, fueron significativamente más dañadas desde el punto de vista morfométrico. Se observó correlación significativa para ambos grupos de hipertensos entre tipo de accidente cerebrovascular y variables del sistema aterométrico. Conclusiones: La hipertensión arterial sistólica es un factor importante en la génesis de la enfermedad vasculocerebral y está asociada con la progresión de la placa de ateroma.

    SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION. IMPACT ON CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE

    Background: Atherosclerosis is a multifactor process in which several risk factors are involved. It is the leading cause of death and morbidity in hospital admitted patients, and it may cause

  1. A imprensa militar especializada e os desafios das novas tecnologias

    OpenAIRE

    Rodrigues, Filipe da Silva

    2017-01-01

    O presente Trabalho de Investigação Aplicada tem como objeto de estudo a Revista da Cavalaria, uma publicação militar especializada, que na sua longa história acompanhou as transformações estruturais no país e os desafios que se foram colocando às Forças Armadas, mais particularmente ao Exército e à Arma da Cavalaria. Recentemente, ocorreram mudanças de vulto no projeto editorial da revista, com a passagem desta ao suporte online. O objetivo do estudo consiste assim em avaliar como a Revista ...

  2. Effects of Dietary Nitrates on Systemic and Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics

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    Vernon Bond

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Cerebral blood flow dysregulation is often associated with hypertension. We hypothesized that a beetroot juice (BRJ treatment could decrease blood pressure and cerebrovascular resistance (CVR. We subjected 12 healthy females to control and BRJ treatments. Cerebrovascular resistance index (CVRI, systolic blood pressure (SBP, total vascular resistance (TVR, and the heart rate-systolic pressure product (RPP measured at rest and at two exercise workloads were lower after the BRJ treatment. CVRI, SBP, and RPP were lower without a lower TVR at the highest exercise level. These findings suggest improved systemic and cerebral hemodynamics that could translate into a dietary treatment for hypertension.

  3. Results of CT brain examinations in cerebrovascular emergency. [computerized tomography

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Pinta, Z; Dolansky, J; Sorfova, J; Jerie, T

    1987-07-01

    Experience is briefly reported with CT (computerized tomography) diagnosis of cerebrovascular emergencies. It is pointed out that the introduction of computerized tomography greatly improved and made more accurate the diagnosis of focal ischemias and revealed significant differences in the foci of ischemia in hypertension patients and atherosclerosis patients without hypertension, and showed a higher incidence of intracerebral and subarachnoidal hemorrhages than previously thought. It is believed that knowledge gained thanks to CT (computerized tomography) will be of benefit to the primary and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular ischemias. (L.O.). 1 fig., 5 refs.

  4. Clinical experience of infective endocarditis complicated by acute cerebrovascular accidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hsu, Chan-Yang; Chi, Nai-Hsin; Wang, Shoei-Shen; Chen, Yih-Sharng; Yu, Hsi-Yu

    2017-04-01

    To evaluate the clinical results of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) complicated by acute cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs). A total of 44 patients with IE complicated by CVA at admission were retrospectively analyzed in a single medical institute from 2005 to 2011. At the time of admission, 18 patients were diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke, and 26 patients were diagnosed with ischemic stroke. Fifteen patients received surgical intervention during hospitalization. The hospital mortality rate was 38.9% for the hemorrhagic stroke group and 42.3% for the ischemic stroke group (p = 0.821). The mortality rate was 33.3% for the surgical group and 44.8% for the nonsurgical group (p = 0.531). At 30 days of hospitalization, 45.8% of the patients experienced an adverse event (defined as death due to organ failure, restroke, cardiogenic shock, or septic shock during the treatment period), and the attrition rate was 1.5% per day. Surgery performed after the adverse events increased mortality (80.0%) compared with surgery performed on patients with no adverse events (10.0%; p = 0.017). A Cox regression analysis revealed that creatinine > 2 mg/dL, diabetes, and staphylococcal infection were the risk factors of the adverse events. Early surgical intervention for IE with ischemic stroke may prevent adverse events, particularly in patients with impaired renal function, diabetes, or staphylococcal infection. A delay in operation of > 30 days is recommended after hemorrhagic stroke. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Taiwan.

  5. La Transición militar en la revista Reconquista (1978-1981

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Manuel González Sáez

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Reconquista, revista fundada en 1950, fue uno de los principales órganos de expresión de las fuerzas armadas durante la transición española. En este artículo se analiza la tercera época de la publicación entre 1978 y 1981 cuando ésta se refundó con el objetivo de transmitir a la sociedad civil el pensamiento y la voz del ejército. El estudio de Reconquista contribuye a entender el impacto del cambio social y político en el ámbito castrense y a completar el conocimiento de la gestación y el desarrollo del malestar militar que condujo al intento de golpe de estado en febrero de 1981. Palabras claves: Transición, fuerzas armadas, prensa militar, Reconquista.Abstract: Reconquista, magazine founded in 1950, was one of the main voices of the armed forces along the spanish transition. This article describes the third age of the publication, between 1978 and 1981, when the magazine was refounded with the aim of transmitting the thoughts and voices of the army to the civil society. The study of Reconquista contributes to understand the impact of the social and political change in the military environment and to complete the knowledge about the development of the military anger which led to the failed coup d’état in February 1981.

  6. [Effect of Chinese drugs for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis on carotid atherosclerosis and ischemic cerebrovascular events].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lu, Yan; Li, Tao

    2014-03-01

    To explore the effect of Chinese drugs for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis (CDABCRBS) on carotid atherosclerotic plaque and long-term ischemic cerebrovascular events. By using open and control method, effect of 4 groups of platelet antagonists, platelet antagonists + CDABCRBS, platelet antagonists +atorvastatin, platelet antagonists +atorvastatin +CDABCRBS on carotid atherosclerotic plaque and long-term ischemic cerebrovascular events of 90 cerebral infarction patients were analyzed. Through survival analysis, there was no statistical difference in the effect of the 4 interventions on the variation of carotid stenosis rates or ischemic cerebrovascular events (P > 0.05). The occurrence of ischemic cerebrovascular events could be postponed by about 4 months in those treated with platelet antagonists + CDABCRBS and platelet antagonists + atorvastatin +CDABCRBS. By multivariate Logistic analysis, age, hypertension, and clopidogrel were associated with stenosis of extracranial carotid arteries (P cerebrovascular accidents (P cerebrovascular events. CDABCRBS could effectively prolong the occurrence time of ischemic cerebrovascular events.

  7. L-arginine and L-NMMA for Assessing Cerebral Endothelial Dysfunction in Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease: A Systematic Review

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Karlsson, William Kristian; Sørensen, Caspar Godthaab; Kruuse, Christina

    2017-01-01

    Endothelial dysfunction (ED), in particular cerebral ED, may be an essential biomarker for ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. However, there is no consensus on methods to best estimate cerebral ED. In this systematic review, we evaluate the use of l-arginine and NG -monomethyl-l-arginine (l......-NMMA) for assessment of cerebral ED. A systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library was done. We included studies investigating cerebrovascular response to l-arginine or l-NMMA in human subjects with vascular risk factors or ischaemic cerebrovascular disease. Seven studies (315 subjects) were eligible...... cerebrovascular disease. Inconsistencies in results were most likely due to variations in methods and included subject populations. In order to use cerebral ED as a prognostic marker, further studies are required to evaluate the association to cerebrovascular disease....

  8. Cognitive performance correlates with cerebrovascular impairments in multi-infarct dementia

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Judd, B.W.; Meyer, J.S.; Rogers, R.L.; Gandhi, S.; Tanahashi, N.; Mortel, K.F.; Tawaklna, T.

    1986-01-01

    Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured by the 133 Xe inhalation method in patients with multi-infarct dementia (MID, N = 26), Alzheimer's dementia (AD, N = 19), and among age-matched, neurologically normal, healthy volunteers (N = 26). Cognitive performance was assessed in all subjects using the Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination (CCSE). Cerebral vasomotor responses were calculated from differences in values of mean hemispheric gray matter blood flow (Delta CBF) measured during inhalation of 100% oxygen (hyperoxia) compared with CBF measured while breathing room air. Significant correlations were found between CCSE performance and vasomotor responsiveness in patients with MID (P less than .01), but not in patients with AD or in neurologically normal volunteers. Loss of vasomotor responsiveness is an indicator of cerebrovascular disease with rigidity and/or loss of reactivity of cerebral vessels, which impairs cerebrovascular responses to situational demands and predisposes to cerebral ischemia. Loss of cerebral vasomotor responsiveness among MID patients, which is a biologic marker of cerebrovascular disease, provides confirmatory evidence of the vascular etiology of MID and assists in separating MID from AD patients

  9. Ambulatory versus home versus clinic blood pressure: the association with subclinical cerebrovascular diseases: the Ohasama Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hara, Azusa; Tanaka, Kazushi; Ohkubo, Takayoshi; Kondo, Takeo; Kikuya, Masahiro; Metoki, Hirohito; Hashimoto, Takanao; Satoh, Michihiro; Inoue, Ryusuke; Asayama, Kei; Obara, Taku; Hirose, Takuo; Izumi, Shin-Ichi; Satoh, Hiroshi; Imai, Yutaka

    2012-01-01

    The usefulness of ambulatory, home, and casual/clinic blood pressure measurements to predict subclinical cerebrovascular diseases (silent cerebrovascular lesions and carotid atherosclerosis) was compared in a general population. Data on ambulatory, home, and casual/clinic blood pressures and brain MRI to detect silent cerebrovascular lesions were obtained in 1007 subjects aged ≥55 years in a general population of Ohasama, Japan. Of the 1007 subjects, 583 underwent evaluation of the extent of carotid atherosclerosis. Twenty-four-hour, daytime, and nighttime ambulatory and home blood pressure levels were closely associated with the risk of silent cerebrovascular lesions and carotid atherosclerosis (all Ppressure values were simultaneously included in the same regression model, each of the ambulatory blood pressure values remained a significant predictor of silent cerebrovascular lesions, whereas home blood pressure lost its predictive value. Of the ambulatory blood pressure values, nighttime blood pressure was the strongest predictor of silent cerebrovascular lesions. The home blood pressure value was more closely associated with the risk of carotid atherosclerosis than any of the ambulatory blood pressure values when home and one of the ambulatory blood pressure values were simultaneously included in the same regression model. The casual/clinic blood pressure value had no significant association with the risk of subclinical cerebrovascular diseases. Although the clinical indications for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and home blood pressure measurements may overlap, the clinical significance of each method for predicting target organ damage may differ for different target organs.

  10. Advances in endovascular therapy for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jun Lu

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Endovascular therapy for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases has developed rapidly in recent years. The latest clinical trials of acute ischemic stroke have shown promising results with the continued advancement of concepts, techniques, and materials. Mechanical thrombectomy is recommended in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation, according to the guidelines updated in Europe, USA, and China. The long-term therapeutic efficacy of endovascular stenting for carotid artery stenosis has also been proved noninferior to that of carotid endarterectomy. However, the latest clinical trials have shown that the efficacy of stenting for intracranial artery and vertebral artery stenosis is inferior to that of medical treatment alone, which needs urgent attention through further development and studies. Keywords: Ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, Interventional surgery, Progress

  11. Explotación de información de alto valor para la mitigación de vulnerabilidades en operaciones militares basadas en redes

    OpenAIRE

    Tamburri, Adrián Mario; Gilman, Bernardo Marcelo

    2012-01-01

    En las actuales operaciones militares las Fuerzas Armadas de diversos países han adoptado un nuevo paradigma de combate denominado Operaciones Basadas en Redes. Este paradigma basado en el uso intensivo de nuevas tecnologías de la información y redes de comunicación ha cambiado radicalmente la doctrina militar. En el transcurso de estas operaciones, masas de datos e información fluyen libremente entre los actores que componen el escenario de combate. Si bien este paradigma aporta numerosos be...

  12. Impacto das atividades profissionais na saúde física e mental dos policiais civis e militares do Rio de Janeiro (RJ, Brasil)

    OpenAIRE

    Minayo,Maria Cecília de Souza; Assis,Simone Gonçalves de; Oliveira,Raquel Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de

    2011-01-01

    Neste artigo, analisamos o adoecimento físico e mental de policiais civis e militares do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, segundo condições de trabalho e atividades profissionais. Utilizamos a mesma metodologia para o estudo de duas categorias: abordagem quantitativa (amostragem aleatória simples por conglomerados, alcançando um total de 1.458 policiais civis e 1.108 policiais militares que responderam a questionários anônimos) e abordagem qualitativa (grupos focais com 143 profissionais e 18 entrev...

  13. El Diccionario Militar (1749 de Raimundo Sanz y la incorporación de galicismos al castellano

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marta Sánchez Orense

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available El Diccionario militar, o recolección alphabética de todos los términos propios al Arte de la Guerra (1749, traducción del Dictionnaire militaire, ou recueil alphabetique de tous les termes propres à l'Art de la Guerre de Aubert de la Chesnaye Desbois, obtuvo pésimas consideraciones por parte de escritores posteriores a Raimundo Sanz, su autor, entre otros del lexicógrafo y militar español José Almirante, quien lo tachó de “traducción detestable”. Con este trabajo pretendemos averiguar la veracidad de las críticas vertidas a propósito del elevado número de galicismos que contiene. Para ello, procederemos a examinar el lemario que conforma su macroestructura y a clasificarlo de acuerdo con su procedencia etimológica, a la vez que prestamos especial atención a la fecha de incorporación a nuestra lengua de los préstamos del francés implicados.

  14. FORMAÇÃO DAS COMPETÊNCIAS DO ESTRATEGISTA: UM ESTUDO DOS OFICIAIS DA POLÍCIA MILITAR

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ciro Antonio Fernandes

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar como são formadas as competências do principal agente estratégico da organização, denominado “o estrategista”. O enfoque conceitual se concentra nos trabalhos de Fleury e Fleury (2001 e de Ruas (2008, em relação às competências, e Whittington (1992, 2004 para proposições a respeito de estratégia. Enquanto postura metodológica, assumiu-se uma abordagem qualitativa, com apoio na história oral, instrumentalizada por entrevista sem profundidade. Participaram da pesquisa 11 oficiais da Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo. Quanto aos resultados, depreendeu-se que a formação do estrategista está fortemente vinculada à formação militar, ainda que importantes aspectos se originem nas relações familiares e escolares, consolidando valores que irão balizar suas ações e posturas no decorrer da vida.

  15. Imaging neurochemistry of cerebrovascular disease with PET and SPECT

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Hatazawa, J.; Shimosegawa, E.

    1998-01-01

    Pathophysiology od cerebrovascular disease has been studied by measuring cerebral blood flow and energy metabolism using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). These parameters are measures for brain tissue consisting of heterogeneous components such as neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels. It is still difficult to evaluate brain damages specifically involving either neurons or other components. Several trials were recently conducted to visualize neuron-specific injury in cerebrovascular disease by means of 11 C flumazenil for PET and 123 I-iomazenil for SPECT. These tracers selectively bind to central benzodiazepine receptor which is purely neuronal. A reduced accumulation of these ligands was found in the area surrounding the complete infarction and in the cortex remote from putaminal hemorrhage, indicating the existence of neuron specific injury not visualized by CT and MR. Neurological deficits were well correlated with the loss of cortical accumulation of these ligands. These preliminary studies indicated a potential of neurochemical imaging in cerebrovascular disease. Vulnerability to ischemia which may differ among brain tissue components, among subpopulations of neurons, and among pre-synaptic and post-synaptic functions can be more precisely examined. Neurochemical imaging can be also applied to reveal releases and re-organization of each neurotransmitter-acceptor system after stroke

  16. Imaging neurochemistry of cerebrovascular disease with PET and SPECT

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hatazawa, J.; Shimosegawa, E. [Akita Research Institute of Brain and Blood Vessels, Akita (Japan). Dept. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

    1998-09-01

    Pathophysiology od cerebrovascular disease has been studied by measuring cerebral blood flow and energy metabolism using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). These parameters are measures for brain tissue consisting of heterogeneous components such as neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels. It is still difficult to evaluate brain damages specifically involving either neurons or other components. Several trials were recently conducted to visualize neuron-specific injury in cerebrovascular disease by means of {sup 11}C flumazenil for PET and {sup 123}I-iomazenil for SPECT. These tracers selectively bind to central benzodiazepine receptor which is purely neuronal. A reduced accumulation of these ligands was found in the area surrounding the complete infarction and in the cortex remote from putaminal hemorrhage, indicating the existence of neuron specific injury not visualized by CT and MR. Neurological deficits were well correlated with the loss of cortical accumulation of these ligands. These preliminary studies indicated a potential of neurochemical imaging in cerebrovascular disease. Vulnerability to ischemia which may differ among brain tissue components, among subpopulations of neurons, and among pre-synaptic and post-synaptic functions can be more precisely examined. Neurochemical imaging can be also applied to reveal releases and re-organization of each neurotransmitter-acceptor system after stroke.

  17. Effect of high-intensity training on endothelial function in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kolmos, Mia; Krawcyk, Rikke Steen; Kruuse, Christina

    2016-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: Exercise improves endothelial dysfunction, the key manifestation of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, and is recommended in both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular rehabilitation. Disagreement remains, however, on the role of intensity of exercise. The purpose of this review...

  18. Os legados e as heranças do regime militar de 1964 ao espaço geográfico-territorial brasileiro

    OpenAIRE

    Mario Augusto Cardoso Justo

    2015-01-01

    A presente pesquisa trata sobre alguns dos principais legados e heranças que o regime militar de 1964-1985 trouxe ao Brasil. Num primeiro momento abordou-se a formação sócio-política da América Latina, se restringindo mais especificamente à América do Sul, chegando-se ao período que genericamente conhecemos por populismo. E, na sequência, um panorama histórico dos regimes militares que permearam a vida política de várias nações sul-americanas, como Peru, Chile e Argentina, a partir da década ...

  19. The effect of kineziotape on ankle joint in patients with cerebrovascular accident - objectivisation by a footscan

    OpenAIRE

    Veličková, Barbora

    2013-01-01

    BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Name and surname: Barbora Veličková Supervisor: Bc. Tereza Chalupská Opponent: Title: The effect of kineziotape on ankle joint in patients with cerebrovascular accident - objectivisation by a footscan Key words: kineziotaping, ankle joint, cerebrovascular accident, Footscan® Abstract: This bachelor thesis is focused on on the effect of kineziotape on ankle joint in patients with cerebrovascular accident. The bachelor thesis consists of theoretical and practical part. ...

  20. Clinical validation of nursing outcome mobility in patients with cerebrovascular accidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Moreira, Rafaella Pessoa; Araujo, Thelma Leite de; Lopes, Marcos Venicios de Oliveira; Cavalcante, Tahissa Frota; Guedes, Nirla Gomes; Chaves, Emília Soares; Portela, Regiane Campos; Holanda, Rose-Eloise

    2016-12-15

    To clinically validate the nursing outcome Mobility in patients with cerebrovascular accidents. Descriptive study, conducted in July 2011, with 38 outpatients, in northeastern Brazil. Data collection took place by evaluating two pairs of specialist nurses, where one pair used the instrument containing the constitutive and operational definitions of the indicators and magnitudes of the Mobility Outcome and the other pair without such definitions. When analyzing the evaluations among nurses, all indicators showed significant differences by the Friedman test (p cerebrovascular accident patient's mobility state.

  1. A campanha da legalidade: a percepção dos Sargentos da Brigada Militar de Santa Maria sobre sua participação = A campaign of legality: perceptions of Sergeants Brigade Military from Santa Maria about your participation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Santos, Elheovandro José dos

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available No ano de 1961 o Brasil passou por uma das maiores crises políticas da sua história. Esta crise mobilizou tanto a sociedade civil como a militar, e foi deflagrada com a renúncia do então Presidente da República Jânio Quadros, no dia 25 de Agosto de 1961, sob alegação de que “forças terríveis” levantaram-se contra ele. O Governador do Rio Grande do Sul, Leonel de Moura Brizola, levantou-se contra a tentativa dos Ministros Militares tomarem o poder. Essa resistência ficou conhecida como Campanha da Legalidade. A maior força bélica que o governo estadual pode contar foi a Brigada Militar. Após a reconstrução de um breve histórico da Polícia Militar do Rio Grande do Sul, conhecida como Brigada Militar, foi feita uma reconstituição dos principais fatos ocorridos durante aqueles dias, com ênfase na atuação das forças militares estaduais. Entender como os Sargentos da Brigada Militar de Santa Maria percebem na atualidade sua participação é o objetivo deste artigo. Para alcança-lo nos valemos da história oral

  2. Asymptomatic Extracranial Artery Stenosis and the Risk of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

    OpenAIRE

    Wang, Dandan; Wang, Jing; Jin, Cheng; Ji, Ruijun; Wang, Anxin; Li, Xin; Gao, Xiang; Wu, Shouling; Zhou, Yong; Zhao, Xingquan

    2016-01-01

    Asymptomatic extracranial artery stenosis (ECAS) is a well-known risk factor for stroke events, but it remains unclear whether it has the same role in predicting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, especially in China. We investigated the potential associations between ECAS, carotid plaque and carotid intima-media thickness and the new occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the study. Out of 5440 study participants, 364 showed an asymptomatic ECAS at baseline, a...

  3. Morbimortalidad por enfermedad cerebrovascular de tipo isquémica Morbimortality from ischemic stroke

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adianis González González

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available Las enfermedades cerebrovasculares constituyen la tercera causa de muerte en Cuba y en la mayoría de los países desarrollados. Tiene estrecha relación su aparición y tórpida evolución con la existencia de enfermedades o factores de riesgo como: diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial, enfermedades cardíacas, accidentes vasculares encefálicos previos, tabaquismo y obesidad. La isquemia cerebral constituye la causa de la mayoría de los ictus, tanto de tipo trombótico como embólico; sus consecuencias causan postración e incapacidad. Se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo de aquellos pacientes admitidos en la Sala de Cuidados Especiales del Hospital “General Calixto García” en el período de enero a julio de 2006, con diagnóstico de enfermedad cerebrovascular, para identificar los factores de riesgo más frecuentes, evaluar los protocolos de actuación, definir grado de incapacidad al egreso, así como las causas más frecuentes de muerte. Encontramos que la enfermedad tuvo mayor incidencia en la 7ma. y 8va. décadas de la vida, los factores de riesgo más frecuentes fueron la hipertensión arterial y el antecedente de enfermedad cerebrovascular previa, los protocolos de actuación no fueron cumplidos debidamente por múltiples causas. Solo un 26,2 % estaba asintomático al alta desde el punto de vista funcional, el resto presentaba algún tipo de discapacidad. La causa de muerte más frecuente fue extraneurológica.Strokes are the third cause of death in Cuba and in most of the developed countries. Its appearance and torpid evolution are closely related to the existence of diseases or risk factors, such as: diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, previous vascular encephalic accidents, smoking and obesity. Ischemic stroke is the cause of most of thrombotic and embolic strokes, whose consequences are prostration and disability. A cross-sectional descriptive study of those patients admitted in the special care ward of

  4. Study of plasma neuropeptide levels in patients with acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Xu Youfen; Lan Suixin; Chen Yu; He Ling; Huang Yuan; Ma Yaling

    2003-01-01

    Objective: To explore the relationship between the dynamic changes of plasma neuropeptide (β-EP, NT, NPY) levels and the pathogenesis as well as clinical outcomes of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods: The concentrations of serum neuropeptides (β-EP, NT, NPY) were measured on the 1 st, 3 rd, 7 th, 14 th day after the onset of disease with RIA in 103 patients with acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (38 cases of acute cerebral infarction, 32 cases of cerebral hemorrhage, 33 cases of acute myocardial infarction and acute heart failure) and 66 controls. Results: 1. NPY, NT and β-EP levels in patients with acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease were significantly higher than those in controls (p<0.01). (F=39.54, p<0.01; F=33.38, p<0.01; F=8.38, p<0.01 For β-EP, NPY and NT respectively). 2. The plasma neuropeptide levels were highest at onset and gradually lowered till to normal levels on the 14 th day. Conclusion: Plasma neuropeptide levels were closely related to the pathogenesis and clinical outcome of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, study of which might be useful in the clinical management of the diseases

  5. Three-dimensional CT angiography in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Eguchi, Takahiko; Nikaido, Yuji; Nakamura, Takeshi; Yoneda, Shigeru

    1995-01-01

    We reported the usefulness of three dimensional CT angiography (3 DCTA) in cerebrovascular disease. Twenty two of twenty three intracerebral aneurysms were visualized in 3 DCTA. 3 DTPA was especially useful for the evaluation of posterior-projection anterior communicating arteries and the distinction between a carotid-posterior communicating aneurysm and an infundibular dilatation. An anterior-projection carotid bifurcation aneurysm, which we missed in DSA, was visualized clearly in 3 DCTA. Stenotic cervical carotid artery lesions were well evaluated in 3 DCTA, including ulceration. 3 DCTA was not so useful for evaluation of intracranial artery stenosis. 3 DCTA was useful as a non-invasive method to evaluate cerebrovascular diseases. (author)

  6. Unique cerebrovascular anomalies in Noonan syndrome with RAF1 mutation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zarate, Yuri A; Lichty, Angie W; Champion, Kristen J; Clarkson, L Kate; Holden, Kenton R; Matheus, M Gisele

    2014-08-01

    Noonan syndrome is a common autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder caused by gain-of-function germline mutations affecting components of the Ras-MAPK pathway. The authors present the case of a 6-year-old male with Noonan syndrome, Chiari malformation type I, shunted benign external hydrocephalus in infancy, and unique cerebrovascular changes. A de novo heterozygous change in the RAF1 gene was identified. The patient underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography angiography, and magnetic resonance angiography to further clarify the nature of his abnormal brain vasculature. The authors compared his findings to the few cases of Noonan syndrome reported with cerebrovascular pathology. © The Author(s) 2013.

  7. Militares galaicos en las cohortes pretorianas = Galician soldiers among praetorian cohorts

    OpenAIRE

    Narciso Santos Yanguas

    2015-01-01

    Los galaicos que tomaron parte en las tropas asentadas en la capital del Imperio, como oficiales y simples pretorianos, contribuirían a reforzar el poder del emperador. Al parecer la mayoría de estos galaicos pretorianos desempeñarían su actividad militar en el siglo II. Se trataba de personas jóvenes, algunos de los cuales podían reengancharse en el servicio y protección de la figura imperial.The Galician among the imperial troops in the capital, either as officers or base soldiers, would ha...

  8. Myocardial stress in patients with acute cerebrovascular events

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Jespersen, C.M.; Hansen, J.F.

    2008-01-01

    Signs of myocardial involvement are common in patients with acute cerebrovascular events. ST segment deviations, abnormal left ventricular function, increased N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), prolonged QT interval, and/or raised troponins are observed in up to one third...

  9. Formação militar e produção do conhecimento geográfico no brasil do século XIX

    OpenAIRE

    Alves, Claudia

    2007-01-01

    No século XIX, a profissionalização dos exércitos ocidentais influiu na consolidação do ensino militar e de uma série de atividades da prática profissional dos oficiais militares. O avanço tecnológico decorrente da industrialização acelerou transformações importantes na atividade bélica que atingiram a organização e o papel das diferentes armas, assim como as necessidades de formação de sua oficialidade. Nos países independentes da América, os exércitos sofreram os efeitos desse processo, env...

  10. Formação militar e produção do conhecimento geográfico no brasil do século XIX

    OpenAIRE

    Alves, Claudia

    2006-01-01

    No século XIX, a profissionalização dos exércitos ocidentais influiu na consolidação do ensino militar e de uma série de atividades da prática profissional dos oficiais militares. O avanço tecnológico decorrente da industrialização acelerou transformações importantes na atividade bélica que atingiram a organização e o papel das diferentes armas, assim como as necessidades de formação de sua oficialidade. Nos países independentes da América, os exércitos sofreram os efeitos desse processo, env...

  11. Epístolas Sacrílegas. Las declaraciones públicas de líderes evangélicos chilenos ante el gobierno militar de Pinochet (1974 y 1986

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Ángel Mansilla

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumen La relación establecida entre el mundo evangélico y la dictadura militar chilena es uno de los episodios más significativos de la historia política y religiosa reciente en Chile. Si bien este fenómeno ha sido investigado tanto por las ciencias sociales como por la teología, sus posturas han tendido a desarrollarse de manera desvinculada, ofreciendo una imagen parcelada de la problemática. El presente artículo intenta ser un aporte en este ámbito específico, para lo cual se ha fijado un objetivo concreto: analizar los elementos ideológicos y políticos distintivos de las declaraciones públicas realizadas por el mundo evangélico ante el gobierno militar, vinculándolas con los contextos ideológicos en los cuales se emitieron estas declaraciones. Para ello, metodológicamente se han analizado dos declaraciones fundamentales realizadas por los líderes y pastores evangélicos ante el régimen militar chileno (fuentes primarias, lo cual permitirá complejizar la imagen que se posee sobre la relación entre el mundo evangélico y la dictadura militar chilena.

  12. Is beta-thalassemia trait a protective factor against ischemic cerebrovascular accidents?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karimi, Mehran; Borhani Haghighi, Afshin; Yazdani, Maryam; Raisi, Hamideh; Giti, Rahil; Namazee, Mohammad Reza

    2008-01-01

    In this research, we sought to determine the association between beta-thalassemia trait and ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA). In acase-control study, 148 patients with thromboembolic cerebrovascular events were evaluated for the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and beta-thalassemia trait. A total of 156 age- and sex-matched patients with no cardiac or cerebrovascular diseases, serving as the control group, were also investigated for the above-mentioned risk factors. We found that 6.1% of patients with ischemic CVA and 12.2% of the control group had beta-thalassemia trait (P = .066). In male patients, the negative association between ischemic CVA and presence of beta-thalassemia trait was significant (P = .008). In patients, the prevalence of hypertension was also significantly different between those with and without beta-thalassemia trait (P = .01); those with beta-thalassemia trait had a lower mean blood pressure than those without the trait. beta-Thalassemia trait may have a protective effect against ischemic CVA that might be caused by the lower arterial blood pressure observed in those with this trait.

  13. Mortalidad intrahospitalaria por accidente cerebrovascular

    OpenAIRE

    Federico Rodríguez Lucci; Virginia Pujol Lereis; Sebastián Ameriso; Guillermo Povedano; María F. Díaz; Alejandro Hlavnicka; Néstor A. Wainsztein; Sebastián F. Ameriso

    2013-01-01

    La mortalidad global por accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) ha disminuido en las últimas tres décadas, probablemente debido a un mejor control de los factores de riesgo vascular. La mortalidad hospitalaria por ACV ha sido tradicionalmente estimada entre 6 y 14% en la mayoría de las series comunicadas. Sin embargo, los datos de ensayos clínicos recientes sugieren que esta cifra sería sustancialmente menor. Se revisaron datos de pacientes internados con diagnóstico de ACV del Banco de Datos de Str...

  14. OITENTA ANOS DE GEOPOLÍTICA NO BRASIL: DA GEOGRAFIA MILITAR A UM PENSAMENTO ESTRATÉGICO NACIONAL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hérvé Thiery

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Evocar a Geopolítica brasileira faz inevitavelmente pensar – nos meios interessados no tema – nos generais da época da ditadura militar (1964-1985 que, na verdade, se apoiaram muito em argumentos geopolíticos para justificar suas políticas internas e externas. Sem negar o uso muito ideológico da Geopolítica durante este período, devemos, no entanto, colocá-la em perspectiva - os militares deixaram o poder há quase trinta anos - e ter em conta as mudanças no Brasil, que se tornou atualmente um dos grandes "países emergentes", para ver ao mesmo tempo como evoluiu o pensamento geopolítico brasileiro e como a mudança de status do país se reflete - ou não - na visão que os brasileiros têm do mundo que os cerca e o lugar que eles ocupam nesse mundo.Analisaremos, assim, em primeiro lugar, a nova Geopolítica brasileira, que se “civilizou” gradualmente, no sentido próprio do termo, à medida que passava das mãos dos militares para a dos civis, dando atenção especial a dois conjuntos estratégicos para o Brasil, a América do Sul e a Amazônia. Por este prisma e em função da nova situação do Brasil na divisão internacional do trabalho, poderemos então tentar medir o fluxo de relações que daí emanam, ou são conduzidas (analisando suas ligações aéreas e seu comércio exterior, de modo a tentar compreender como o mundo é visto do Brasil e qual é atualmente o seu lugar no mundo.

  15. ¿REPRESIÓN O INTEGRACIÓN? LA POLÍTICA SINDICAL DEL RÉGIMEN MILITAR: 1973-1980

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rolando Álvarez Vallejos

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo aborda los intentos del régimen militar encabezado por el general Augusto Pinochet de penetrar las organizaciones de trabajadores, entre el golpe de Estado y la instalación del Plan Laboral diseñado por José Pinera. Para ello, se analizan las distintas estrategias que se desplegaron para prolongar en el tiempo el apoyo dispensado al golpe militar de 1973 por el llamado Poder Gremial, compuesto, entre otros, por una parte significativa del movimiento sindical que se opuso a Salvador Allende, examinando, también, las razones del fracaso de estas estrategias de cooptación del movimiento sindical, confirmado con el triunfo de las políticas neoliberales en el ámbito laboral. La hipótesis que atraviesa este trabajo sostiene que el diseño del régimen militar no fue capaz de romper con la histórica cultura sindical de la organización de trabajadores en Chile.This article deals with the attempts of the military regime lead by the general Augusto Pinochet to penetrate workers organizations between the times of the coup d'etat and the installation of the Labor plan designed by José Pinera. The article analyzes the various strategies used in order to prolong in time, the support that the regime had since the coup of 1973 from the so-called Poder Gremial, composed amongst others, by a significant faction of the labor movement who opposed Salvador Allende. Also examined are the reasons behind the failure of these strategies to co-opt the labor movement that were confirmed by the triumph of neo-liberal labor policies. The underlying hypothesis argues that the military regimes plan was not capable of breaking through the historic tradition of labor unions among Chilean workers.

  16. Association between cervical spine and skull-base fractures and blunt cerebrovascular injury

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Buch, Karen; Nguyen, Thanh; Norbash, Alex; Mian, Asim [Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (United States); Mahoney, Eric; Burke, Peter [Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (United States); Libby, Brandon; Calner, Paul [Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (United States)

    2016-02-15

    Blunt cerebrovascular injuries (BCVI) are associated with high morbidity and mortality and can lead to neurological deficits. The established criteria for patients undergoing CT angiography (CTA) for BCVI are broad, and can expose patients to radiation unnecessarily. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of BCVI in patients on CTA and determine presentations associated with the highest rates of BCVI. With IRB approval, patients were selected for CTA screening for BCVI according to a predefined set of criteria at our hospital between 2007 and 2010. Patients were identified from our institution's trauma database. CTAs were retrospectively reviewed for BCVI including vasospasm and dissection. Electronic medical records were reviewed for clinical presentation and hospital course. Of 432 patients, vasospasm (n = 10) and/or dissection (n = 36) were found in 46 patients (10.6 %). BCVI was associated with cervical spine and/or skull-base fracture in 40/46 patients (87 %, P < 0.0001). Significant correlations were seen between dissection and fracture in 31/36 patients (86.2 %, p < 0.0001) and between BCVI and both neurological deficits and fractures (27/44, P < 0.0001). BCVI was significantly associated with cervical and/or skullbase fractures and neurological deficits with coexistent fractures. Patients with these injuries should be prioritized for rapid CTA evaluation for BCVI. (orig.)

  17. The diagnosis and management of cerebrovascular disease in diabetes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Phipps, Michael S; Jastreboff, Ania M; Furie, Karen; Kernan, Walter N

    2012-06-01

    Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes. Compared with nondiabetic patients, diabetic patients have at least twice the risk for stroke, earlier onset of symptoms, and worse functional outcomes. Approximately 20 % of diabetic patients will die from stroke, making it one of the leading causes of death in this population. Effective strategies for primary and secondary prevention of stroke have been developed in research cohorts that included both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Nevertheless, prevention in diabetes has some specific considerations. In this paper, we summarize evidence to guide the diagnosis and management of stroke in diabetic patients. We propose that diabetic stroke patients should have a robust risk assessment to target interventions, like other patients with cerebrovascular disease, but with special attention to glycemic control and lifestyle modification.

  18. “World domination or ruin”. Friedrich von Bernhardi and German militarism before World War I

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    Mihael Antolović

    2016-02-01

    Full Text Available The paper analyzes the role of militarism in the political life of Germany before WWI. By pointing out the roe of militarism in the political life of Germany at the start of the 20th century, the paper puts an emphasis on the writing of Friedrich von Bernhardi titled Germany and the next war, published in 1912. Bernhardi sought to prove the inevitability of “preemptive war” and territorial annexations in order to provide for the economic and political interests of Germany as a global force. Bernhardi legitimized his opinion by calling on social-Darwinist arguments as well as the tradition of German idealist philosophy, and claiming that war is the only means by which it is possible to sustain German culture as the highest form of “German spirit” and its most valuable contribution to humanity. Considering the high rank which Bernhardi held as a general in the German military, as well as how his attitudes fell in with German foreign policy of the period, Bernhardi’s writing represents, in a condensed fashion, an expression of militaristic ideas present in German society before WWI.

  19. La «Educación personalizada» en Argentina durante la última dictadura militar

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    Luciana Garatte

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo tiene como propósito comprender el alcance de la denominada «educación personalizada» en la carrera de Ciencias de la Educación de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina, durante la última dictadura militar, entre 1976 y 1983. En ese período, esta perspectiva se identificó con la obra del reconocido educador Víctor García Hoz, quien resultó una figura clave en la definición de las políticas curriculares promovidas por el Ministerio de Educación de la Nación. Indagamos, en primer lugar, las concepciones que perfilan su matriz ideológica espiritualista, católica y tecnicista que favorecieron su recepción por parte de los intelectuales y funcionarios del Proceso militar. Confrontamos, las obras de García Hoz con los contenidos de formación pedagógica de la mencionada carrera y, por último, analizamos las prácticas formativas que resultaban de la puesta en práctica de esas propuestas, recuperando la mirada de quienes fueron docentes y estudiantes de Pedagogía en el período indicado.

  20. A etnografia como extensão da guerra por outros meios: notas sobre a pesquisa com militares

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    Piero C. Leirner

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende abordar resultados e consequências da realização de pesquisas etnográficas com militares. Partindo de uma discussão mais ampla sobre a ideia de antropólogos trabalhando "com militares", pretendo posteriormente situar os resultados de uma etnografia realizada no Exército brasileiro, tomada a partir de sintomas e/ou efeitos colaterais ocorridos durante e depois da pesquisa de campo. Ao retomar a relação estabelecida, e também a que não foi estabelecida, foi possível constatar a centralidade dos conceitos de "amigo" e "inimigo", para definir um amplo escopo de ligações entre o universo militar e o "mundo de fora". Tais conceitos, de início tomados como relações derivadas de uma noção nativa de guerra, em certa medida projetam-se nas relações entre militares e pesquisadores, o que levou a tratar a etnografia, neste caso específico, em continuidade com uma noção antropológica (posteriormente transformada de guerra: guerra como relação. A partir dessa premissa relacional, pretende-se pensar algumas consequências metodológicas para uma antropologia deste tipo de objeto de pesquisa.This article investigates the results and consequences of carrying out ethnographic research with the military. Beginning with a wide-ranging discussion of the idea of anthropologists working "with the military", I then seek to situate the results of an ethnography carried out with the Brazilian Army through the symptoms and/or collateral effects that were visible both during and after my research. By taking up the relationship that was established, and also that which was not, it was possible to observe the centrality of the concepts of "friend" and "enemy" in the definition of a wide range of ties between the military world and the "outside world". These concepts, which were initially understood to be relationships derived from a native notion of warfare, project themselves, to some extent, upon the relationships between

  1. Vivendo o acidente vascular encefálico agudo: significados da doença para pessoas hospitalizadas Viviendo el accidente cerebrovascular agudo: significado de la enfermedad para personas hospitalizadas Experiencing acute stroke: the meaning of the illness for hospitalized patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Samia Jardelle Costa de Freitas Maniva

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se compreender o significado da experiência vivenciada pela pessoa adoecida por acidente vascular encefálico agudo. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, fundamentado nos pressupostos teóricos do interacionismo simbólico, realizado em uma unidade especializada no tratamento de acidente vascular encefálico de um hospital terciário, situado na cidade de Fortaleza, CE. Participaram do estudo 10 pacientes. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista aberta e os dados foram organizados e analisados segundo a técnica de enunciação. Cumpriram-se todos os aspectos éticos. O significado da experiência de adoecimento foi construído com base na percepção dos sentimentos surgidos durante a hospitalização, caracterizados por medo da morte e das sequelas da doença; tristeza pelo distanciamento do lar; alívio, ao evidenciar-se melhora do quadro clínico, e desejo de mudança dos hábitos de vida. Apreendeu-se que a experiência de adoecimento por acidente vascular encefálico é complexa, e nela os significados são elaborados com base em sentimentos, ações e comportamentos dos sujeitos.Se objetivó comprender el significado de la experiencia de la persona que padeció accidente cerebrovascular agudo. Estudio cualitativo, fundamentado en los presupuestos teóricos del interaccionismo simbólico, realizado en unidad especializada en tratamiento de accidente cerebrovascular de un hospital terciario en Fortaleza-CE. Participaron diez pacientes. Datos recolectados mediante entrevista abierta, organizados y analizados según técnica de enunciación. Se cumplió con todos los aspectos éticos. El significado de la experiencia del padecimiento fue construido en base a la percepción de los sentimientos surgidos durante la internación, caracterizados por el miedo a la muerte y a las secuelas de la enfermedad; tristeza por alejarse del hogar; alivio al evidenciarse mejoras del cuadro clínico; e intención de cambio de hábitos de vida

  2. Deconstructing racial differences: the effects of quality of education and cerebrovascular risk factors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carvalho, Janessa O; Tommet, Doug; Crane, Paul K; Thomas, Michael L; Claxton, Amy; Habeck, Christian; Manly, Jennifer J; Romero, Heather R

    2015-07-01

    To evaluate the effects of vascular conditions and education quality on cognition over time in White and African American (AA) older adults. We investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal racial differences in executive functioning (EF) and memory composites among Whites (n = 461) and AAs (n = 118) enrolled in a cohort study. We examined whether cerebrovascular risk factors and Shipley Vocabulary scores (a proxy for education quality) accounted for racial differences. On average, AAs had lower quality of education and more cerebrovascular risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. AAs had lower mean EF and memory at baseline, but there were no group differences in rates of decline. Cross-sectional racial differences in EF and memory persisted after controlling for vascular disease, but disappeared when controlling for Shipley Vocabulary. Quality of education appears to be more important than cerebrovascular risk factors in explaining cross-sectional differences in memory and EF performance between White and AA older adults. Further investigation is needed regarding the relative contribution of education quality and cerebrovascular risk factors to cognitive decline among ethnically/racially diverse older adults. © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  3. Revisão sistemática dos aspectos psicossociais, neurobiológicos, preditores e promotores de resiliência em militares

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michela de Souza Cotian

    2014-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: Conduzir uma revisão sistemática sobre resiliência psicológica e/ou hardiness em militares, explorando seus aspectos psicossociais, neurobiológicos, preditores e promotores. Métodos: Utilizaram-se as bases de dados PubMed/MedLine, ISI/Web of Science e PsycINFO, incluindo artigos empíricos publicados nas línguas inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola até maio de 2012. Os seguintes termos foram utilizados: “militar*”, “Army”, “war”, “veteran*”, “resilien*” e “hardiness”. Resultados: Foram incluídos 32 estudos selecionados a partir de 1.205 artigos. O foco da maioria das pesquisas recai sobre a correlação resiliência/hardiness e aspectos psicossociais. Confirmou-se o papel protetivo da resiliência/hardiness quanto ao transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TEPT, assim como a associação direta entre resiliência e saúde. Neuropeptídeo Y (NPY e deidroepiandrosterona (DHEA foram os biomarcadores mais estudados. Os níveis de NPY no plasma podem representar um correlato biológico de resiliência ou recuperação dos efeitos adversos do estresse. Somente dois estudos abordaram fatores preditores de resiliência em amostras militares, sugerindo ser a exposição a situações adversas, o apoio social e o gênero fatores considerados preditores desse construto. Apenas um estudo avaliou a eficiência de intervenção para fortalecer a resiliência. Conclusão: Apesar da crucial relevância da resiliência, há poucos estudos em amostras militares. Estudos neurobiológicos como os do NPY são promissores. A ausência de ensaio randomizado controlado avaliando eficácia de intervenções promotoras da resiliência demonstra como esse construto vem sendo negligenciado nessa profissão de risco, constituindo área prioritária para foco de estudos futuros.

  4. A large, switchable optical clearing skull window for cerebrovascular imaging

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Chao; Feng, Wei; Zhao, Yanjie; Yu, Tingting; Li, Pengcheng; Xu, Tonghui; Luo, Qingming; Zhu, Dan

    2018-01-01

    Rationale: Intravital optical imaging is a significant method for investigating cerebrovascular structure and function. However, its imaging contrast and depth are limited by the turbid skull. Tissue optical clearing has a great potential for solving this problem. Our goal was to develop a transparent skull window, without performing a craniotomy, for use in assessing cerebrovascular structure and function. Methods: Skull optical clearing agents were topically applied to the skulls of mice to create a transparent window within 15 min. The clearing efficacy, repeatability, and safety of the skull window were then investigated. Results: Imaging through the optical clearing skull window enhanced both the contrast and the depth of intravital imaging. The skull window could be used on 2-8-month-old mice and could be expanded from regional to bi-hemispheric. In addition, the window could be repeatedly established without inducing observable inflammation and metabolic toxicity. Conclusion: We successfully developed an easy-to-handle, large, switchable, and safe optical clearing skull window. Combined with various optical imaging techniques, cerebrovascular structure and function can be observed through this optical clearing skull window. Thus, it has the potential for use in basic research on the physiopathologic processes of cortical vessels. PMID:29774069

  5. Computed tomography of cerebrovascular accidents

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lee, Jong Deuk; Moon, Yang In; Lim, Se Hwan; Lee, Cheorl Woo; Kim, Byung Chan; Won, Jong Jin

    1989-01-01

    Computed tomography (CT) is an accurate and noninvasive method in the evaluation of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) for detection of nature, location, extension and associated changes. Retrospective analysis was done in 402 patients of clinically suspected CVA who were performed CT in our hospital from December 1985 to December 1987. The results were as follows; 1. The analysis of CT findings in 402 patients showed 321 cases of CVA, 79 cases of normal findings, and 2 cases of brain tumors. 2. Among 321 cases of CVA, intracerebral hemorrhage was noted in 158 cases, cerebral infarction in 126 cases, and subarachnoid hemorrhage in 37 cases. 3. The common sites of cerebral hemorrhage were basal ganglia in 99 cases, especially putamen, thalamus in 32 cases, and cerebrum, cerebellum in 11 cases respectively. Cerebral infarction was found chiefly at the areas distributed by the middle cerebral artery: cerebral lobe 55 cases and basal ganglia 51 cases. The aneurysm was the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage, and its common site was posterior communicating artery and middle cerebral artery areas. 4. The common shape of cerebral infarction was oval in basal ganglia and wedged in the cerebral lobes. The contrast enhancement of the cerebral infarction was observed in 10% of cases between the 3rd days and 2nd weeks after onset, and was usually gyral patients (77.7%). 5. The aneurysm was noted as enhancing nodule on contrast CT in all 14 cases. In conclusion, the most common cause of CVA is intracerebral hemorrhage in Iri, Korea. High resolution contrast enhanced CT can be used in the diagnosis of the ruptured cerebral aneurysm without the aid of cerebral angiography

  6. Computed tomography of cerebrovascular accidents

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lee, Jong Deuk; Moon, Yang In; Lim, Se Hwan; Lee, Cheorl Woo; Kim, Byung Chan; Won, Jong Jin [Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iri (Korea, Republic of)

    1989-10-15

    Computed tomography (CT) is an accurate and noninvasive method in the evaluation of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) for detection of nature, location, extension and associated changes. Retrospective analysis was done in 402 patients of clinically suspected CVA who were performed CT in our hospital from December 1985 to December 1987. The results were as follows; 1. The analysis of CT findings in 402 patients showed 321 cases of CVA, 79 cases of normal findings, and 2 cases of brain tumors. 2. Among 321 cases of CVA, intracerebral hemorrhage was noted in 158 cases, cerebral infarction in 126 cases, and subarachnoid hemorrhage in 37 cases. 3. The common sites of cerebral hemorrhage were basal ganglia in 99 cases, especially putamen, thalamus in 32 cases, and cerebrum, cerebellum in 11 cases respectively. Cerebral infarction was found chiefly at the areas distributed by the middle cerebral artery: cerebral lobe 55 cases and basal ganglia 51 cases. The aneurysm was the most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage, and its common site was posterior communicating artery and middle cerebral artery areas. 4. The common shape of cerebral infarction was oval in basal ganglia and wedged in the cerebral lobes. The contrast enhancement of the cerebral infarction was observed in 10% of cases between the 3rd days and 2nd weeks after onset, and was usually gyral patients (77.7%). 5. The aneurysm was noted as enhancing nodule on contrast CT in all 14 cases. In conclusion, the most common cause of CVA is intracerebral hemorrhage in Iri, Korea. High resolution contrast enhanced CT can be used in the diagnosis of the ruptured cerebral aneurysm without the aid of cerebral angiography.

  7. Violencia, autonomía militar y procesos de formación del Estado y la constitución de la Nación

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    Joaquín Romero Herrera

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta un análisis de la evolución de las organizaciones estatales, a partir del fenómeno de la violencia, y desde allí entender la relación entre militares y Estado, en términos de autonomía y los procesos de formación del Estado-nación. Mediante una revisión bibliográfica, limitada a autores clásicos y contemporáneos que han abordado la experiencia europea, se estudió la tendencia de los militares hacia la autonomía, teniendo en cuenta los procesos de formación del Estado y del Estado-nación en el mundo occidental moderno. Como resultado, se encontró que la formación del Estado-nación moderno fue un efecto inesperado del proceso de civilización, que sustrajo la violencia de la sociedad, limitándola a las barracas, a organizaciones como las Fuerzas Militares y la Policía, y que dio lugar también a la creación de instituciones orientadas a mejorar las condiciones de vida de los ciudadanos.

  8. Side differences in cerebrovascular accidents after cardiac surgery: a statistical analysis of neurologic symptoms and possible implications for anatomic mechanisms of aortic particle embolization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boivie, Patrik; Edström, Cecilia; Engström, Karl Gunnar

    2005-03-01

    Aortic manipulation and particle embolization have been identified to cause cerebrovascular accidents in cardiac surgery. Recent data suggest that left-hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (right-sided symptoms) is more common, and this has been interpreted as being caused by aortic cannula stream jets. Our aim was to evaluate symptoms of cerebrovascular accident and side differences from a retrospective statistical analysis. During a 2-year period, 2641 consecutive cardiac surgery cases were analyzed. Patients positive for cerebrovascular accident were extracted from a database designed to monitor clinical symptoms. A protocol was used to confirm symptom data with the correct diagnosis in patient records. Patients were subdivided into 3 groups: control, immediate cerebrovascular accident, and delayed cerebrovascular accident. Among pooled patients, immediate and delayed cerebrovascular accidents were 3.0% and 0.9%, respectively. The expected predisposing factors behind immediate cerebrovascular accidents were significant, although the type of operation affected this search. Aortic quality was a strong predictor ( P cerebrovascular accident was unaffected by surgery group. Left-sided symptoms of immediate cerebrovascular accident were approximately twice as frequent ( P = .016) as on the contralateral side. This phenomenon was observed for pooled patients and for isolated coronary bypass procedures (n = 1882; P = .025). Immediate cerebrovascular accident and aortic calcifications are linked. The predominance of left-sided symptoms may suggest that aortic manipulation and anatomic mechanisms in the aortic arch are more likely to cause cerebrovascular accidents than effects from cannula stream jets.

  9. Stress test with adenosine in cerebral perfusion imaging for the diagnosis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yuan Gengbiao; Kuang Anren; Chen Xuehong; Li Xihuan; Feng Jianzhong

    2004-01-01

    Objective: This study purpose is to evaluate cerebrovascular response and reserve capacity (CVR, CVRC) by stress test with adenosine in cerebral perfusion imaging for the diagnosis of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. Methods There were 25 patients suffered from transient ischemia attack and 16 patients suffered from occlusive cerebral artery in this study. The rest cerebral perfusion imaging was obtained 30 minutes post-injection of 99mTC-ethylene cysteinate dimmer. After 2-5 days, adenosine stress tests were performed. Adenosine (0.14 mg/kg min) was administered intravenously 3 minutes pre-injection of 99mTC-ECD.Under same condition, the rest and stress tests of cerebral perfusion imaging were performed. By visual and semiquantitative analysis, the results of the rest/stress imaging were divided into the following four patterns: A: The stress imaging showed an expand areas of hypoperfusion, asymmetry index (AI) was decreased; B: Rest imaging was normal but new hypoperfused areas appeared with AI index declining in stress test; C: The hypoperfused areas were decreased or disappeared in size with AI index increasing in stress test; D: No changes showed in cerebral perfusion imaging patterns and Al index between rest and stress tests. AI index was ratio of radio account of interest regions than average radio account of cerebella. Results It was found that A, B, C and D type were 24%,12%,56% and 8% respectively in the group of transient ischemia attack patients, and 31%,44%, 19% and 6% respectively in the group of occlusive cerebrovascular patients. In rest test, of 41 patients of cerebrovascular disease, there were 28 cases decreased of radio uptake, moreover in stress test, there were 38 case decreased of radio uptake, positive rate were 68.29% and 92.68% respectively. Compared to X±SD of AI index of rest/stress test, it is found to increasing and being significant statistics (p<0.01, Spass 8.0 statistics software). Conclusion: Adenosinal-induced vasodilatation

  10. Characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of periprocedural cerebrovascular accidents during electrophysiologic procedures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harb, Serge C; Thomas, George; Saliba, Walid I; Nakhoul, Georges N; Hussein, Ayman A; Duarte, Valeria E; Bhargava, Mandeep; Baranowski, Bryan; Tchou, Patrick; Dresing, Thomas; Callahan, Thomas; Kanj, Mohamed; Natale, Andrea; Lindsay, Bruce D; Wazni, Oussama M

    2013-06-01

    We sought to identify the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of periprocedural cerebrovascular accident (PCVA) during electrophysiologic (EP) procedures. Periprocedural cerebrovascular accident is one of the most feared complications during EP procedures with very few data regarding its characteristics, management, and outcomes. Between January 1998 and December 2008, we reviewed 30,032 invasive EP procedures for PCVA occurrence and characteristics. Management and outcomes were also determined. Thirty-eight CVAs were identified. Twenty (53 %) were intraprocedural and 18 (47 %) postprocedural. Thirty-two (84 %) were classified as strokes and six (16 %) as transient ischemic attacks. All CVAs except one (37, 97 %) were ischemic and the vast majority occurred during ablation procedures (36, 95 %). Among the 31 patients with ischemic stroke, 11 (35 %) were treated with reperfusion (eight catheter-based therapy and three intravenous t-PA) of whom five (46 %) had complete recovery, three (27 %) had partial recovery, and three (27 %) had no recovery. No hemorrhagic transformations occurred. Periprocedural cerebrovascular accident during EP procedures is rare and is almost always ischemic. It occurs more frequently during ablation procedures. Reperfusion therapy is feasible and safe.

  11. La encomienda como institución militar en la América hispánica colonial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gunter Kahle

    1979-01-01

    Full Text Available La encomienda colonial cumplía varias funciones en favor de la Corona y una de ellas era el defender las recien conquistadas tierras especialmente de ataques de indígenas, de allí que la prestación del "Servicio Militar", por parte de los encomenderos, jugó un papel importante en la asignación de las mismas.

  12. Caracterización de la enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica en el servicio de medicina del hospital de Guanajay

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Silvio Acosta Tabares

    2001-12-01

    Full Text Available Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles con el objetivo de caracterizar clínica y epidemiológicamente la enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica (ECVI. El grupo de casos estuvo constituido por 52 pacientes egresados con el diagnóstico de ictus isquémico, y el grupo control por igual número de pacientes que no la padecieron. Se determinó una prevalencia similar a la de otros estudios a escala mundial, con una incidencia mayor de la enfermedad en pacientes de 60 años y más, de la raza blanca y el sexo masculino. Los factores de riesgo con significación estadística fueron el sedentarismo, las dietas inadecuadas, el hábito de fumar y la hipercolesterolemia; la hipertensión arterial mostró fuerza de asociación tanto como antecedente familiar como personal con un 44,3 % para ambos. La trombosis cerebral fue la forma clínica predominante (63,5 %.A case-control study was conducted aimed at characterizing the ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD clinical and epidemiologically. The group of cases was made up of 52 patients discharged with the diagnosis of ischemic ictus, whereas the control group was composed of the same number of patients who did not suffer from it. It was determined a prevalence similar to that of other studies at world scale, with a higher incidence of the disease among white male patients aged 60 and over. The risk factors with statistical significance were sedentarism, inadequate diets, smoking and hypercholesterolemia. Arterial hypertension showed force of association as a family and personal history with 44.3 % for both. Cerebral thrombosis was the prevailing clinical form (63.5 %.

  13. Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cerebro-vascular malformations by CT

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Schumacher, M.; Stoeter, P.; Voigt, K.

    1980-01-01

    In 38 patients, the diagnosis of a cerebrovascular malformation (17 arteriovenous angiomas including one low-flow- and two venous angiomas; 10 aneurysms; 4 arteriovenous fistulae of the cavernous sinus, the tentorium and one of the Great Vein of Galen; 6 megadolical basilar arteries) was initially made by computertomographic (CT) examination, including contrast enhancement. The characteristic and pathognomonic CT findings are described and compared with those of cerebral angiography also done in these cases. The problems of differential diagnosis and the reasons for a false CT diagnosis in 5 other patients with a cerebro-vascular malformation are investigated; and the diagnostic value of cerebral angiography and CT is discussed and their complementary functions are being pointed out. (orig.) 891 MG/orig. 892 MKO [de

  14. Digital subtraction angiography in ischemic cerebrovascular accidents

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Manelfe, C.; Bonafe, A.; Ducos de Lahitte, M.; Rascol, A.; Prere, J.; Guiraud, B.; Marc-Vergnes, J.P. (Hopital Purpan, 31 - Toulouse (France))

    1983-12-29

    Recent advances in computer and radiological technology have permitted reassessment of intravenous angiography in the evaluation of cerebrovascular disorders. Although digital subtraction angiography is a relatively new technique, it has rapidly gained a widespread acceptance. It has extended the use of angiography to outpatients and to people in whom conventional angiography is contraindicated. This reliable, safe, and relatively noninvasive technique offers the user two benefits: real-time subtraction and enhanced image quality. The system allows angiographic evaluation of the extracranial and intracranial vessels by means of intravenous injection of contrast material. Extracranial studies clearly demonstrate stenoses and occlusions of the major cervicocephalic arteries. Intracranial studies usually detect major cerebrovascular occlusions and provide insight into the collateral flow patterns. Intravenous digital subtraction angiography permits accurate assessment of cervicocephalic vessels after surgical repair. Although intravenous digital subtraction angiography obviates the need for conventional angiography in many cases, movements from the patients, or superimposition of vascular structures can substantially degrade the quality of the images. Digital subtraction angiography with intra-arterial injection of contrast medium will be contemplated in patients with poor intravenous digital subtraction angiography studies prior to surgery.

  15. Digital subtraction angiography in ischemic cerebrovascular accidents

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Manelfe, C.; Bonafe, A.; Ducos de Lahitte, M.; Rascol, A.; Prere, J.; Guiraud, B.; Marc-Vergnes, J.P.

    1983-01-01

    Recent advances in computer and radiological technology have permitted reassessment of intravenous angiography in the evaluation of cerebrovascular disorders. Although digital subtraction angiography is a relatively new technique, it has rapidly gained a widespread acceptance. It has extended the use of angiography to outpatients and to people in whom conventional angiography is contraindicated. This reliable, safe, and relatively noninvasive technique offers the user two benefits: real-time subtraction and enhanced image quality. The system allows angiographic evaluation of the extracranial and intracranial vessels by means of intravenous injection of contrast material. Extracranial studies clearly demonstrate stenoses and occlusions of the major cervicocephalic arteries. Intracranial studies usually detect major cerebrovascular occlusions and provide insight into the collateral flow patterns. Intravenous digital subtraction angiography permits accurate assessment of cervicocephalic vessels after surgical repair. Although intravenous digital subtraction angiography obviates the need for conventional angiography in many cases, movements from the patients, or superimposition of vascular structures can substantially degrade the quality of the images. Digital subtraction angiography with intra-arterial injection of contrast medium will be contemplated in patients with poor intravenous digital subtraction angiography studies prior to surgery [fr

  16. NSAIDs and cardiovascular drugs in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    M.D.M. Haag (Mendel)

    2009-01-01

    textabstractNeurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases are frequent in elderly populations and comprise primarily of dementia (mainly Alzheimer disease (AD)), Parkinson disease (PD) and stroke. The prevalence of these neurological disorders rises with older age. From 55 years to 90 years and

  17. O processo de trabalho do militar estadual e a saúde mental

    OpenAIRE

    Silva,Maurivan Batista da; Vieira,Sarita Brazão

    2008-01-01

    A Polícia Militar está balizada em dois pilares fundamentais: a disciplina e a hierarquia. O que a faz uma organização complexa com feixes de interesses que obstam a capacidade de resistência à mudança. Identificar como essa organização se estrutura e, sobretudo, relacioná-la com a saúde mental é o objetivo deste artigo. Buscamos contextualizar as finalidades dos serviços de segurança pública via breve histórico da polícia estadual, sua divisão e aplicabilidade frente à violência cotidiana. A...

  18. Que Modelo de Militar para a Nova Arte de Guerra e Paz?

    OpenAIRE

    Vieira, Guilherme Belchior

    2001-01-01

    A pós-modernidade militar, surgida com o final da Guerra Fria, tem decorrido num ambiente internacional caracterizado pelo declínio das guerras entre estados e o deflagrar de guerras prolongadas no interior dos estados (as “novas guerras”), nomeadamente na África subsariana e no coração da Europa, provocadas por diferenças étnicas, tribais, religiosas ou políticas e deixando na sua esteira populações em situações de extrema carência. As operações de apoio à paz (as “novas missões”) p...

  19. Democracia e violência policial: o caso da policia militar Democracy and police violence: the case of military police

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juliany Gonçalves Guimarães

    2005-08-01

    Full Text Available Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar o apoio de policiais militares às ações extrajudiciais para o combate à violência. Duzentos e dois policiais militares do Estado de Goiás participaram deste estudo durante os meses de maio e junho de 2003. Os resultados indicam a preponderância da adesão aos valores democráticos para a rejeição às ações extrajudiciais. Além disso, as justificativas para essa rejeição, que ressaltam o respeito pelos diretos humanos, foram citadas com maior freqüência pelos soldados do que pelos sargentos, tenentes e capitães. Esses resultados são discutidos enfatizando a importância da inclusão do estudo sobre a democracia na formação dos policiais militares.The aim of this study is to investigate Military Policemen's support to extra judicial actions to combat violence. Two hundred and two military policemen who were students at the Center of Studies and Higher Education of the Military Police at Goiás (Brazil participated in this study during May and June 2003. The results indicate the importance of the adhesion to democratic values for the rejection of extra judicial actions. Furthermore, the justifications stressing the respect to the Human Rights are evocated more frequently by privates than by sergeants, lieutenants and captains. Those results are discussed stressing the importance of studies about democracy in the police formation courses.

  20. Militarización de la Policía y Policización de las Fuerzas Militares. Revisión del fenómeno a nivel internacional y nacional

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    William Guillermo Jímenez

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available El documento tiene por objeto ofrecer un panorama acerca del doble fenómeno de la militarización de la policía y de la policización de las fuerzas militares en algunos países. Para ello se hace una revisión documental sobre la temática analizando los casos de Alemania, Estados Unidos, México, Brasil, Chile y Colombia. La información analizada permite concluir que la división misional clásica entre Policía y Fuerzas Militares no se está dando en la práctica, debido a factores internos de manejo de orden público, a la organización militar de la Policía desde sus orígenes y a cambios en la concepción acerca de la seguridad y la soberanía de los Estados.

  1. [Analysis of hospital mortality at a regional hospital].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Sánchez Bisonó, J R; Gómez Rosich, A; Amor Gea, J F; García Sánchez, M J; Campoy Domene, L F; Peña Migallón-Sánchez, P

    1997-02-01

    The hospital mortality rate in our centre es 2.34% (264 deaths from a total of 11,336 discharges between 1991 and 1993). The most frequent causes are acute myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accidents, followed in descending order by pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, congestive heart failure, upper GI haemorrhage, GI tumours, liver cirrhosis, lung tumours and arrhythmias. Our analysis reflects a mortality pattern of a rural population with an age pyramid in which 52% of the patients are older than 45 years. The pattern also reflects the little impact of accidents on our mortality. A 87% of the deaths were older than 65 years with a male to female ratio of 1, 6 and a Swaroop index of 93% and 94% for males and females respectively.

  2. Factores de riesgo asociados a infección aguda por hepatitis B en población militar destacada al departamento de Amazonas, Perú

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    César Cabezas

    2007-10-01

    Full Text Available El Perú es considerado un país de endemicidad intermedia-alta para el virus de hepatitis B (VHB, con variaciones entre diferentes regiones. Existen pocos reportes del problema de infección por el VHB en personal militar. Objetivos. Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados con el desarrollo de infección por el VHB en un brote epidémico en personal militar destacado en Ampama, Amazonas, Perú. Material y métodos. Estudio caso-control en personal militar destacado al puesto de Ampama y a la base El Milagro, departamento de Amazonas. Fueron evaluados HBsAg y posibles factores de riesgo asociados a un incremento de riesgo de adquirir el VHB. Resultados. Se estudió a 123 personas, repartidos en 41 sujetos en cada uno de los grupos (casos, control 1 y control 2. 73,2% de los casos tuvo confirmación de infección aguda por el VHB (IgM anti HBc positivo y anti Delta fue positivo en 1/37 (2,7% caso. Ninguno de los factores de riesgo evaluados mostró una asociación significativa con hepatitis B. Algunos factores de riesgo con posible asociación fueron contacto con personal con hepatitis B (OR 2,3; IC95% 0,9 - 5,7 y mordedura de murciélago (OR 1,6; IC95% 0,6 - 4,4. Conclusiones. Los factores de riesgo clásicos asociados con la transmisión del virus de la hepatitis B no fueron significativos. El personal militar es un grupo en riesgo para infectarse con el VHB.

  3. Limites da formação profissional policial militar: o caso Ronda do Quarteirão

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lara Abreu Cruz

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available A proposta deste artigo é apresentar uma análise dos limites e possibilidades da formação profissional de policiais militares no Brasil a partir de um estudo feito sobre a implantação de um programa de policiamento, com feições comunitárias, no Estado do Ceará: o Ronda do Quarteirão. Nosso objetivo é verificar o modelo de polícia presente no ensino e treinamento profissional dos futuros soldados da Polícia Militar do Ceará (PMCE. A análise aqui proposta baseia-se na documentação relativa aos currículos dos Cursos de Formação Profissional (CFP para soldados do Ronda do Quarteirão de 2007 e 2009, entrevistas com policiais formados nesses CFP’s e na realização de um Grupo Focal com profissionais que participaram no planejamento e execução dos Cursos. Identifica-se a realização de um ensino fragmentado e a manutenção de uma cultura baseada em valores rígidos e em uma hierarquia verticalizada e pouco afeita a crítica.

  4. Cerebrovascular accidents in adult patients with congenital heart disease

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hoffmann, A.; Chockalingam, P.; Balint, O.H.; Dadashev, A.; Dimopoulos, K.; Engel, R.; Schmid, M.; Schwerzmann, M.; Gatzoulis, M.A.; Mulder, B.J.M.; Oechslin, E.

    2010-01-01

    Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) in a large population of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods and results In a retrospective analysis of aggregated European and Canadian databases a total population of 23 153 patients with

  5. Association Between Inflammatory Skin Disease and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Co-Morbidities in US Adults: Analysis of Nationwide Inpatient Sample Data.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kwa, Michael C; Silverberg, Jonathan I

    2017-12-01

    Psoriasis, atopic dermatitis or eczema (AD-E), pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid (BP), and hidradenitis are chronic inflammatory skin disorders associated with systemic immune activation, considerable symptom burden, stigma, functional disturbances, and mental health symptoms. All of these might increase cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to determine whether these inflammatory skin diseases are associated with increased cardiovascular/cerebrovascular risk and/or disease. We analyzed data from the 2002-2012 National Inpatient Sample, including a representative 20% sample of all US hospitalizations (n = 72,108,077 adults). In multivariate logistic regression models with propensity score matching, patients hospitalized with versus without a diagnosis the inflammatory skin diseases examined had higher odds of obesity (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] for pemphigus: 1.16 [1.05-1.29]; BP 1.14 [1.06-1.23]; AD-E: 1.82 [1.79-1.86]; psoriasis: 2.36 [2.32-2.41]; hidradenitis: 2.79 [2.59-3.01]). Inflammatory skin disease was also associated with significantly higher odds of different cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension (pemphigus: 1.39 [1.31-1.48]; BP 1.96 [1.88-2.05]; AD-E: 1.19 [1.17-1.21]; psoriasis: 1.61 [1.59-1.64]), and diabetes mellitus with complications (pemphigus: 1.34 [1.18-1.52]; BP: 2.06 [1.90-2.24]; AD-E: 1.13 [1.10-1.17]; psoriasis: 1.39 [1.35-1.44]), as well as vascular, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disease, including peripheral vascular disease (pemphigus: 1.14 [1.00-1.30]; BP: 1.83 [1.69-1.98]; AD-E: 1.18 [1.14-1.22]; psoriasis: 1.32 [1.28-1.35]), peripheral and visceral atherosclerosis (BP: 1.67 [1.53-1.81]; AD-E: 1.16 [1.12-1.20]; psoriasis: 1.27 [1.24-1.30]), pulmonary circulation disorders (pemphigus: 1.67 [1.39-2.01]; BP: 2.17 [1.92-2.45]; AD-E: 1.39 [1.33-1.45]; psoriasis: 1.37 [1.31-1.43]), congestive heart failure (pemphigus: 1.75 [1.60-1.90]; BP: 2.82 [2.68-2.98]; AD-E: 1.10 [1.07-1.13]; psoriasis: 1.05 [1

  6. Obstinaciones de la memoria: la dictadura militar chilena en las tramas del recuerdo

    OpenAIRE

    Piper Shafir, Isabel

    2005-01-01

    En esta investigación se analizan múltiples relatos sobre la dictadura militar chilena, tanto de quienes sufrieron directamente la represión política y de quienes trabajan con sus efectos, como de quienes no se definen a sí mismos/as ni como víctimas ni como participantes de algún trabajo o movimiento de derechos humanos. Aunque las versiones que se construyen sobre el pasado son múltiples, en esta tesis se defiende la idea de que bajo el alero de estas diferencias se producen retóricas argum...

  7. What do Codes of Conduct do? Hybrid Constitutionalization and Militarization in Military Markets

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Leander, Anna

    2012-01-01

    that makes it possible to hold firms accountable and a militarization of politics. It does so by showing that the codes create first-, second- and third-order rules but also processes of misrecognition through distraction, distinction and diffusion that empower military professionals. It draws on a study...... performative but are so in multiple ways. It can provide no easy way to dissolve the specific dilemma this multiple jurisgenerativity poses in the context of military markets specifically. But logically flowing from the argument is a suggestion that encouraging and empowering a broader, non...

  8. Reacciones y respuestas de la Democracia Cristiana frente al Golpe Militar de 1973: ¿Colaboración u oposición?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pablo Rubio Apiolaza

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo realiza un análisis de la estrategia política del Partido Demócrata Cristiano (PDC durante el primer año de la dictadura militar chilena. Se enfatiza en su política de alianzas y sus relaciones internas, seleccionando algunas coyunturas clave en su relación con la Unidad Popular así como su reacción al golpe militar y al primer año de la dictadura. A través de un examen de su documentación interna, el artículo pretende demostrar el predominio de la  DC de posiciones conservadoras, a pesar de que las posiciones partidarias no son únicas, lo que explica un intenso debate interno en los inicios de la dictadura.

  9. Retrospective audit of the acute management of stroke in two district general hospitals in the uk.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Faluyi, O O; Omodara, J A; Tay, K H; Muhiddin, K

    2008-06-01

    There is some evidence to suggest that the standard of acute medical care provided to patients with cerebrovascular disease is a major determinant of the eventual outcome. Consequently, the Royal College of Physicians (RCP) of London issues periodic guidelines to assist healthcare providers in the management of patients presenting with stroke. An audit of the acute management of stroke in two hospitals belonging to the same health care trust in the UK. Retrospective review of 98 randomly selected case-notes of patients managed for cerebrovascular disease in two acute hospitals in the UK between April and June 2004. The pertinent guidelines of RCP (London) are highlighted while audit targets were set at 70%. 84% of patients presenting with cerebrovascular disease had a stroke rather than a TIA, anterior circulation strokes were commonest. All patients with stroke were admitted while those with TIAs were discharged on the same day but most patients with TIA were not followed up by Stroke specialists. Most CT-imaging of the head was done after 24 hours delaying the commencement of anti-platelets for patients with ischaemic stroke or neurosurgical referral for haemorrhagic stroke. Furthermore, there was a low rate of referral for carotid ultrasound in patients with anterior circulation strokes. Anti-platelets and statins were commenced for most patients with ischaemic stroke while diabetes was well controlled in most of them. However, ACE-inhibitors and diuretics such as indapamide were under-utilized for secondary prevention in such patients. Warfarin anti-coagulation was underutilized in patients with ischaemic stroke who had underlying chronic atrial fibrillation. While there was significant multi-disciplinary team input, dysphagia and physiotherapy assessments were delayed. Similarly, occupational therapy input and psychological assesment were omitted from the care of most patients. Hospital service provision for the management of cerebrovascular disease needs to

  10. Intervencionismo militar y cambio de régimen político: la relación entre conservadurismo y fuerzas armadas en la Argentina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María Elina Zacarías

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo se propone estudiar el fenómeno del intervencionismo militar en la Argentina desde un enfoque que privilegia el análisis de las relaciones entre las fuerzas armadas y los partidos políticos conservadores. Con el foco puesto en la última experiencia de dictadura militar que tuvo lugar en el país (1976-1983, se desarrolla la tesis que postula una estrecha relación entre el grado de institucionalización de los partidos conservadores durante el periodo de la política de masas y la estabilidad del régimen democrático a lo largo del siglo XX.

  11. Homocysteine and cerebrovascular accidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Datta, Saikat; Pal, Salil K; Mazumdar, Hirak; Bhandari, Biswanath; Bhattacherjee, Sharmistha; Pandit, Sudipta

    2009-06-01

    Hyperhomocysteinaemia is rapidly emerging as an important risk factor for coronary artery disease, possibly because of its propensity to accelerate atherosclerosis. Whether it is also a risk factor for cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) is a matter of debate till now, as there are conflicting results of the various prospective studies. The present study was performed to correlate the levels of plasma homocysteine levels with that of ischaemic and haemorrhagic CVA. Forty-two cases of CVA were randomly selected over a period of one year, and their risk factors were assessed. It was observed that serum homocysteine levels were significantly raised in those with intracerebral infarcts when compared to those with intracerebral haemorrhage, although homocysteine levels didn't prove to be prognostically significant.

  12. Cerebrovascular accidents in adult patients with congenital heart disease

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Hoffmann, A.; Chockalingam, P.; Balint, O. H.; Dadashev, A.; Dimopoulos, K.; Engel, R.; Schmid, M.; Schwerzmann, M.; Gatzoulis, M. A.; Mulder, B.; Oechslin, E.

    2010-01-01

    To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) in a large population of adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). In a retrospective analysis of aggregated European and Canadian databases a total population of 23 153 patients with CHD was followed up to the

  13. Police officer on the frontline or a soldier? The effect of police militarization on crime

    OpenAIRE

    Bove, Vincenzo; Gavrilova, Evelina

    2017-01-01

    Sparked by high-profile confrontations between police and citizens in Ferguson, Missouri, and elsewhere, many commentators have criticized the excessive militarization of law enforcement. We investigate whether surplus military-grade equipment acquired by local police departments from the Pentagon has an effect on crime rates. We use temporal variations in US military expenditure and between-counties variation in the odds of receiving a positive amount of military aid to identify the causal e...

  14. Atención primaria de salud en la Enfermedad Cerebrovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Keidy Sabater Bueno

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo-descriptivo para evaluar las acciones de salud que el Médico de la Familia realizó sobre los pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular y que fallecieron por ese motivo en el Área de Salud "Carlos Verdugo", Matanzas, durante los años 1994 y 1995. Se estudiaron 50 fallecidos en entrevista médico-familiar; se obtuvieron los datos de, edad, sexo y antecedentes patológicos personales que recogieron: enfermedades crónicas y factores de riesgo; dispensarización, que recogió número de controles realizados en los últimos 12 meses que precedieron a la defunción ya fueran en consultas, visitas de terreno y visitas integrales, así como el cumplimiento del tratamiento indicado. Se encontró que se dispensarizaron en el 100 % de los fallecidos la hipertensión arterial, la cardiopatía isquémica, la obesidad y la hiperlipidemia. El 72,4 % (12 fallecidos recibió entre 1 y 3 controles en consultas. El 79,3 % (16 fallecidos recibió entre 1 y 3 controles en visitas de terreno y el 100 % se controló entre 1 y 3 ocasiones en visitas integrales a la familia. Se concluyó que el cumplimiento del tratamiento indicado para la enfermedad cerebrovascular, los factores de riesgo y enfermedades crónicas no fue satisfactorio en el grupo estudiado. Se recomienda realizar un mayor número de controles en la atención primaria a los pacientes con enfermedad cerebrovascular sobre todo cuando en la dispensarización se encuentra la asociación hipertensión arterial, hábito de fumar y mayores de 65 años.A retrospective descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the health actions taken by the family physician in connection with those patients that suffered from cerebrovascular disease and died due to this cause in the "Carlos Verdugo" health area, Matanzas, during 1994 and 1995. 50 dead patients were studied through doctor relative interviews. The following data were obtained: age, sex, personal pathological history

  15. Cerebrovascular defects in Foxc1 mutants correlate with aberrant WNT and VEGF-A pathways downstream of retinoic acid from the meninges.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mishra, Swati; Choe, Youngshik; Pleasure, Samuel J; Siegenthaler, Julie A

    2016-12-01

    Growth and maturation of the cerebrovasculature is a vital event in neocortical development however mechanisms that control cerebrovascular development remain poorly understood. Mutations in or deletions that include the FOXC1 gene are associated with congenital cerebrovascular anomalies and increased stroke risk in patients. Foxc1 mutant mice display severe cerebrovascular hemorrhage at late gestational ages. While these data demonstrate Foxc1 is required for cerebrovascular development, its broad expression in the brain vasculature combined with Foxc1 mutant's complex developmental defects have made it difficult to pinpoint its function(s). Using global and conditional Foxc1 mutants, we find 1) significant cerebrovascular growth defects precede cerebral hemorrhage and 2) expression of Foxc1 in neural crest-derived meninges and brain pericytes, though not endothelial cells, is required for normal cerebrovascular development. We provide evidence that reduced levels of meninges-derived retinoic acid (RA), caused by defects in meninges formation in Foxc1 mutants, is a major contributing factor to the cerebrovascular growth defects in Foxc1 mutants. We provide data that suggests that meninges-derived RA ensures adequate growth of the neocortical vasculature via regulating expression of WNT pathway proteins and neural progenitor derived-VEGF-A. Our findings offer the first evidence for a role of the meninges in brain vascular development and provide new insight into potential causes of cerebrovascular defects in patients with FOXC1 mutations. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  16. O estudante de enfermagem e a saúde do trabalhador: estudo de caso de uma coletividade de militares bombeiros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ieda Barreira e Castro

    1987-12-01

    Full Text Available O estudo refere-se ao trabalho desenvolvido por professoras e estudantes da EEAN/UFRJ com 284 militares em um quartel do Corpo de Bombeiros da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Após a observação da ambiência e do exame simplificado de saúde dos militares, foi realizado o tratamento estatístico dos dados e eleaborado o diagnóstico simplificado de saúde, que baseou-se nos critérios de magnitude, transcedência e vulnerabilidade. As ações implementadas no campo de prática tiveram suporte teórico-prático. O número total de horas gastas com todas as atividades foi de 144. O processo assistencial desenvolveu-se com uma perspectiva de aplicação do método científico e do com promisso profissional de contribuir para a melhoria da saúde da população.

  17. Adaptive cognitive testing in cerebrovascular disease and vascular dementia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Wouters, Hans; de Koning, Inge; Zwinderman, Aeilko H; van Gool, Willem A; Schmand, Ben; Buiter, Maarten; Lindeboom, Robert

    2009-01-01

    BACKGROUND/AIMS: To examine whether brevity can be combined with precision in measuring global cognitive ability in patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) or vascular dementia (VaD). Longer tests (e.g. the CAMCOG) are precise but inefficient, whereas brief tests (e.g. the MMSE) are efficient

  18. Cognition and Comorbidity Behavior in Hospitalized Patients Suffering from Stroke. Seychelles 2010-2011

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Armando Carlos Roca Socarras

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available Background: cognitive impairment and high comorbidity are common health problems in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Objective: to describe the behavior of cognitive impairment and comorbidity in hospitalized patients suffering from stroke. Method: descriptive study of 77 patients with ischemic stroke admitted from April 2010 to December 2011, in Seychelles General Hospital. The behavior of this disease in relation to variables such as age, presence of chronic noncommunicable diseases, cognitive impairment, educational level, affected cerebral hemisphere and time of evolution was analyzed. Results: 68,9 % of patients presented cognitive impairment, their average age was 74,2 (± 9,19 years old compared to 62,4 (± 14,2 years old for those with no cognitive impairment. We found a higher frequency of chronic noncommunicable diseases in cognitively impaired patients with a Charlson comorbidity index of 2,11 (± 0,97. 18 patients with cognitive impairment and 23 patients with no cognitive impairment were diagnosed with depression. Conclusions: more than half of hospitalized patients experienced cognitive impairment and in most cases previous to cerebrovascular disease. Male patients predominated. There was an increase in age, severity of depression, as well as in the frequency of chronic noncommunicable diseases, and myocardial infarction of considerable size, in respect to patients with no cognitive impairment.

  19. The Impact of Aging on Cardio and Cerebrovascular Diseases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carmine Izzo

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available A growing number of evidences report that aging represents the major risk factor for the development of cardio and cerebrovascular diseases. Understanding Aging from a genetic, biochemical and physiological point of view could be helpful to design a better medical approach and to elaborate the best therapeutic strategy to adopt, without neglecting all the risk factors associated with advanced age. Of course, the better way should always be understanding risk-to-benefit ratio, maintenance of independence and reduction of symptoms. Although improvements in treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly population have increased the survival rate, several studies are needed to understand the best management option to improve therapeutic outcomes. The aim of this review is to give a 360° panorama on what goes on in the fragile ecosystem of elderly, why it happens and what we can do, right now, with the tools at our disposal to slow down aging, until new discoveries on aging, cardio and cerebrovascular diseases are at hand.

  20. Alzheimer's disease: Cerebrovascular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and advanced clinical therapies

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Marlatt, M.W.; Lucassen, P.J.; Perry, G.; Smith, M.A.; Zhu, X.

    2008-01-01

    Many lines of independent research have provided convergent evidence regarding oxidative stress, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Clinical studies spurred by these findings engage basic and clinical communities with tangible results regarding molecular targets and

  1. Militarized youths in Western Côte d'Ivoire : local processes of mobilization, demobilization, and related humanitarian interventions (2002-2007)

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Chelpi-den Hamer, M.

    2011-01-01

    The recent conflict in Côte d'Ivoire has led to the militarization of many young civilians on both belligerent sides, especially in the west of the country. What is of particular interest is that many of these youths have assumed a function of 'commuting' conscripts, alternating periods of

  2. The relationship between cerebrovascular disease and homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 in serum

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wang Wei; Yang Chen; Shi Yizhen; Liu Zengli

    2005-01-01

    To investigate the relationship between cerebrovascular disease and the serum levels of homocysteine(Hcy), folate and vitamin B 12 , the serum levels of Hcy, folate and vitamin B 12 in 148 patients with cerebrovascular disease were measured by fluorescence polarization immuno- assay and chemiluminescence and were compared with those in healthy controls. The result showed that the serum Hcy levels in patients with cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage and vertebrobasilar ischemiay were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (P 12 levels were signifieantly lower (P 0.05). No significantly higher ratio of increased Hcy levels was observed in patient with complications (P> 0.05). Our conclusion is that hyperhomocysteinemia may be a new and an independent risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. The serum Hcy level is correlated with decreased levels of folate and vitamin B 12 but not obviously correlated with hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease. (authors)

  3. The Comparison of Continuous and Intermittent Enteral Nutrition In Cerebrovascular Patients

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Levent Güngör

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Dysphagia and malnutrition are not so rare in stroke patients, and have an unfavorable influence on recovery. Nutritional support may reduce infections, duration of hospital stay and mortality. However, there is no clear evidence about the modality of nasogastric nutrition. In this study, intermittent and continuous enteral nutrition is compared by means of pulmonary infections and gastrointestinal tolerance, among acute cerebrovascular patients. METHODS: Sixty two acute cerebrovascular patients with dysphagia were included the study. The same volume of nutrition product was infused 4 times daily to 31 patients, and continuously for 24 hours to the remaining 31. After 10 days of follow-up, the rates of pulmonary infections, diarrhea, increased gastric residual volumes, vomiting and tube occlusion were compared between two groups. RESULTS: Twenty patients developed pneumonia (32% and 8 diarrhea (13%. Mortality due to complications associated with tube feeding was 6%. Aspiration and related pneumonia was present in 11 patients in the intermittent nutrition group (35%, and in 9 patients in the continuous nutrition group (29%. The rate of pulmonary infection was not statistically different between two groups (p>0.05. Diarrhea was observed in 7 intermittently fed patients (23%, while was present only in 1 patient (3% in the continuously fed group. Diarrhea was more common in the intermittent nutrition group, just at the statistical border (p=0.05. None of the patients developed tube occlusion, vomiting and gastric retention. The rate of mortality and the interruption of feeding was not significantly different between two groups (p>0.05. CONCLUSION: Diarrhea and pulmonary infections are more prevalent with intermittent tube feeding with respect to continuous enteral nutrition, though the difference is not so conspicuous. The reason may be contamination of the equipments and the feeding solution because of frequent manipulation and

  4. The Comparison of Continuous and Intermittent Enteral Nutrition In Cerebrovascular Patients

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    Levent Güngör

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: Dysphagia and malnutrition are not so rare in stroke patients, and have an unfavorable influence on recovery. Nutritional support may reduce infections, duration of hospital stay and mortality. However, there is no clear evidence about the modality of nasogastric nutrition. In this study, intermittent and continuous enteral nutrition is compared by means of pulmonary infections and gastrointestinal tolerance, among acute cerebrovascular patients. METHODS: Sixty two acute cerebrovascular patients with dysphagia were included the study. The same volume of nutrition product was infused 4 times daily to 31 patients, and continuously for 24 hours to the remaining 31. After 10 days of follow-up, the rates of pulmonary infections, diarrhea, increased gastric residual volumes, vomiting and tube occlusion were compared between two groups. RESULTS: Twenty patients developed pneumonia (32% and 8 diarrhea (13%. Mortality due to complications associated with tube feeding was 6%. Aspiration and related pneumonia was present in 11 patients in the intermittent nutrition group (35%, and in 9 patients in the continuous nutrition group (29%. The rate of pulmonary infection was not statistically different between two groups (p>0.05. Diarrhea was observed in 7 intermittently fed patients (23%, while was present only in 1 patient (3% in the continuously fed group. Diarrhea was more common in the intermittent nutrition group, just at the statistical border (p=0.05. None of the patients developed tube occlusion, vomiting and gastric retention. The rate of mortality and the interruption of feeding was not significantly different between two groups (p>0.05. CONCLUSION: Diarrhea and pulmonary infections are more prevalent with intermittent tube feeding with respect to continuous enteral nutrition, though the difference is not so conspicuous. The reason may be contamination of the equipments and the feeding solution because of frequent manipulation and

  5. Elites militares, trajetórias e redefinições político-institucionais (1850-1930

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    Ernesto Seidl

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available O estudo aborda as condições sociais e culturais de formação da elite do Exército brasileiro entre o Império e a Primeira República. Em um contexto de baixa autonomia do domínio militar frente a outras esferas sociais, os resultados apontam para o funcionamento de mecanismos híbridos de recrutamento e seleção regulados por lógicas contraditórias que fundem princípios meritocráticos (títulos escolares, tempo de serviço, bravura e extra-meritocráticos (relações personalísticas, notoriedade política para a ascensão na carreira. Sem desconhecer os efeitos da expansão do sistema escolar militar e a adoção de critérios formais de regulação, o estudo procurou explorar os impactos objetivos de tais inovações sobre aquela esfera profissional dando espaço para a análise das variadas combinações de recursos e estratégias acionados pelos agentes sociais, em especial o uso de relações baseadas na reciprocidade pessoal e as tomadas de posição política. A reconstituição do espaço militar brasileiro a partir do exame das trajetórias de altos oficiais procura contribuir para a compreensão das concepções que os agentes apresentam como legítimo ou ilegítimo, as condutas sendo lidas de modo variável segundo o ponto de vista adotado e a posição ocupada no espaço social. Por meio da apresentação em profundidade de duas trajetórias, aponta-se como se articulam as relações entre práticas sociais, concepções e significados associados a determinados agentes e grupos e os processos de redefinição institucional em que estão inseridos, buscando trazer nova luz sobre as transformações do espaço político e os processos de inovação institucional em curso no Brasil do período.

  6. Chronic Pancreatitis Correlates With Increased Risk of Cerebrovascular Disease: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wong, Tuck-Siu; Liao, Kuan-Fu; Lin, Chi-Ming; Lin, Cheng-Li; Chen, Wen-Chi; Lai, Shih-Wei

    2016-04-01

    The aim of this study is to explore whether there is a relationship between chronic pancreatitis and cerebrovascular disease in Taiwan. Using the claims data of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program, we identified 16,672 subjects aged 20 to 84 years with a new diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis from 2000 to 2010 as the chronic pancreatitis group. We randomly selected 65,877 subjects aged 20 to 84 years without chronic pancreatitis as the nonchronic pancreatitis group. Both groups were matched by sex, age, comorbidities, and the index year of diagnosing chronic pancreatitis. The incidence of cerebrovascular disease at the end of 2011 was measured. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to measure the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for cerebrovascular disease risk associated with chronic pancreatitis and other comorbidities. The overall incidence of cerebrovascular disease was 1.24-fold greater in the chronic pancreatitis group than that in the nonchronic pancreatitis group (14.2 vs. 11.5 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI = 1.19-1.30). After controlling for confounding factors, the adjusted HR of cerebrovascular disease was 1.27 (95% CI = 1.19-1.36) for the chronic pancreatitis group as compared with the nonchronic pancreatitis group. Woman (adjusted HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.31-1.51), age (every 1 year, HR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.04-1.05), atrial fibrillation (adjusted HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02-1.48), chronic kidney disease (adjusted HR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.31-1.67), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adjusted HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.16-1.40), diabetes mellitus (adjusted HR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.72-1.92), hypertension (adjusted HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.56-1.76), and peripheral atherosclerosis (adjusted HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.06-1.51) were other factors significantly associated with cerebrovascular disease. Chronic pancreatitis is associated with increased

  7. ESTRÉS POSTRAUMÁTICO EN POLICÍAS Y MILITARES DE GRUPOS ESPECIALIZADOS EN SECUESTRO

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    Ángela Cristina Tapias Saldaña

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available Esta investigación describe la existencia de estrés postraumático en policías y militares de grupos antisecuestro de Colombia. Se concluyó que el 31% de los participantes lo padece y el 8% lo ha desarrollado como consecuencia del trabajo y que hay mayor incidencia de esta psicopatología en los que tienen mayor tiempo de servicio y mayor rango, por lo cual se sugiere realizar actividades de prevención e intervención.

  8. Anatomical variations of the circle of Willis and cerebrovascular accidents in transitional Albania

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    Edlira Harizi (Shemsi

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available Aim: The purpose of this study was twofold: i in a case-control design, to determine the relationship between anatomical variations of the circle of Willis and cerebrovascular accidents; ii to assess the association between anatomical variations of the circle of Willis and aneurisms among patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Albania in 2013-2014, including 100 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage and 100 controls (individuals without cerebrovascular accidents. Patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage underwent a CT angiography procedure, whereas individuals in the control group underwent a magnetic resonance angiography procedure. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between cerebrovascular accidents and the anatomical variations of the circle of Willis. Conversely, Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the prevalence of aneurisms between subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with and without anatomical variations of the circle of Willis. Results: Among patients, there were 22 (22% cases with anatomical variations of the circle of Willis compared with 10 (10% individuals in the control group (P=0.033. There was no evidence of a statistically significant difference in the types of the anatomical variations of the circle of Willis between patients and controls (P=0.402. In age- and-sex adjusted logistic regression models, there was evidence of a significant positive association between cerebrovascular accidents and the anatomical variations of the circle of Willis (OR=1.87, 95%CI=1.03-4.68, P=0.048. Within the patients’ group, of the 52 cases with aneurisms, there were 22 (42.3% individuals with anatomical variations of the circle of Willis compared with no individuals with anatomical variations among the 48 patients without aneurisms (P<0.001. Conclusion: This study provides useful evidence on the association between anatomical variations of the circle of Willis and

  9. Killing Barney Fife: Law Enforcements Socially Constructed Perception of Violence and its Influence on Police Militarization

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-09-01

    Ethnic Group Membership and Community Efficacy,” Crime & Delinquency 49, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 2, doi:10.1177/0011128703254418. 164 Randall Monger...and Community Efficacy.” Crime & Delinquency 49, no. 4 (October 1, 2003): 564–80. doi:10.1177/00111 28703254418. Doyle, Charles, and Jennifer Elsea...militarization reform without a clear understanding of the issue could negatively impact law enforcement’s ability to respond to emerging threats from

  10. Clinical value of serum vitamin B12 and folate in cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Zhan Hao; Zhang Yongxue

    2002-01-01

    To study the clinical value of serum vitamin B 12 and folate in cerebrovascular disease, the concentration of serum vitamin B 12 and folate in 32 patients with cerebrovascular disease was measured by radioimmunoassay. The results showed that the changes in folate in all groups were not significant. The content of vitamin B 12 in multi-infarct dementia was markedly lower than that in cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. Moreover, the level of vitamin B 12 was lower in paralytic patients with muscular strength of grade 0-III. It can be concluded that serum vitamin B 12 level had association with intelligent disorder and paralytic degree

  11. Air pollution exposure, cause-specific deaths and hospitalizations in a highly polluted Italian region.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Carugno, Michele; Consonni, Dario; Randi, Giorgia; Catelan, Dolores; Grisotto, Laura; Bertazzi, Pier Alberto; Biggeri, Annibale; Baccini, Michela

    2016-05-01

    The Lombardy region in northern Italy ranks among the most air polluted areas of Europe. Previous studies showed air pollution short-term effects on all-cause mortality. We examine here the effects of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10µm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure on deaths and hospitalizations from specific causes, including cardiac, cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases. We considered air pollution, mortality and hospitalization data for a non-opportunistic sample of 18 highly polluted and most densely populated areas of the region in the years 2003-2006. We obtained area-specific effect estimates for PM10 and NO2 from a Poisson regression model on the daily number of total deaths or cause-specific hospitalizations and then combined them in a Bayesian random-effects meta-analysis. For cause-specific mortality, we applied a case-crossover analysis. Age- and season-specific analyses were also performed. Effect estimates were expressed as percent variation in mortality or hospitalizations associated with a 10µg/m(3) increase in PM10 or NO2 concentration. Natural mortality was positively associated with both pollutants (0.30%, 90% Credibility Interval [CrI]: -0.31; 0.78 for PM10; 0.70%, 90%CrI: 0.10; 1.27 for NO2). Cardiovascular deaths showed a higher percent variation in association with NO2 (1.12%, 90% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.14; 2.11), while the percent variation for respiratory mortality was highest in association with PM10 (1.64%, 90%CI: 0.35; 2.93). The effect of both pollutants was more evident in the summer season. Air pollution was also associated to hospitalizations, the highest variations being 0.77% (90%CrI: 0.22; 1.43) for PM10 and respiratory diseases, and 1.70% (90%CrI: 0.39; 2.84) for NO2 and cerebrovascular diseases. The effect of PM10 on respiratory hospital admissions appeared to increase with age. For both pollutants, effects on cerebrovascular hospitalizations were more evident in subjects aged less than

  12. The increase of the life quality for patients who had a cerebrovascular accident by using the MBT physiotherapy device

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    Danelciuc Francisc Tadeus

    2017-05-01

    Full Text Available The cerebrovascular accident is a major health issue, with medical and economic consequences upon the society. The cerebrovascular accident determines the sensorial and motor impairment, the speech and postural control impairment. Some patients who had a cerebrovascular accident may have difficulties in the response to the postural perturbations. Some patients who had a cerebrovascular accident may have difficulties in the response to the postural perturbations. The recovery of the postural control and of the balance depends on the quality of the motor action in order to use the ADL and to ensure the social and professional reintegration of the patients. That is why the postural control is essential in the recovery of the patients who had a cerebrovascular accident. The current study aims at the possibilities to regain the postural control for the patients with motor deficit by an individual program of recovery sessions. The current trial aimed at finding the way in which it is possible to influence the quality of life for the patients who had a cerebrovascular accident by using the MBT physiotherapy device. The use of the MBT physiotherapy devices in the recovery programme of the postural control after the cerebrovascular accident involves the need to set up an individualized programme of kinetic therapy. According to the established deficiency, namely the average one and the slight one, the recovery programme would need the introduction of techniques and methods whose effect is to reeducate the postural function. This can be done more easily if the recovery is initiated by using the MBT physiotherapy device that can intervene in the functional recovery which corresponds to each recovery stage.

  13. Militarized youths in western Côte d’Ivoire: local processes of mobilization, demobilization, and related humanitarian interventions (2002-2007)

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Chelpi, M.L.B.

    2011-01-01

    The recent conflict in Côte d’Ivoire has led to the militarization of many young civilians on both belligerent sides, especially in the west of the country. What is of particular interest is that many of these youths have assumed a function of ‘commuting’ conscripts, alternating periods of

  14. Fotografias da Ditadura Civil-Militar brasileira em livros didáticos de história

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    Carolina Martins Etcheverry

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as fotografias da Ditadura presentes nos livros didáticos em circulação no Brasil no período de 1990 a 2015, a partir do ponto de vista da cultura visual. Levando-se em consideração que o livro didático de história é um produto cultural dotado de complexidade, procura-se entender o seu papel como engendrador de processos cognitivos e memoriais. Para tanto, foram pesquisados dez livros didáticos editados no período (e alguns reeditados, dos quais três são utilizados nesse artigo. Algumas mudanças na utilização e na escolha das imagens foram observadas, a exemplo da presença de retratos dos presidentes militares, muito presentes nos livros dos anos 1990, e de movimentos contrários ao regime, que passam a aparecer nas páginas dos livros dos anos 2000. O levantamento e catalogação dessas imagens poderão gerar, além de categorias de análise, novos entendimentos sobre a alteração do modo como passamos a compreender a Ditadura Militar, desde seu surgimento até o presente momento.   Palavras-chave: Ensino de história; Manuais didáticos; Cultura Visual; Fotografia.

  15. Endogenous sex steroids and cardio- and cerebro-vascular disease in the postmenopausal period.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pappa, Theodora; Alevizaki, Maria

    2012-08-01

    Cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases are two leading causes of death and long-term disability in postmenopausal women. The acute fall of estrogen in menopause is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The relative contribution of androgen to this risk is also being recognized. The use of more sensitive assays for estradiol measurement and the study of receptor and carrier protein gene polymorphisms have provided some new information on the clinical relevance of endogenous sex steroids. We provide an update on the role of endogenous sex steroids on cardio- and cerebro-vascular disease in the postmenopausal period. We performed a PubMed search using the terms 'endogenous estrogen', 'androgen', 'cardiovascular disease', 'cerebro-vascular disease', 'stroke', 'carotid artery disease', and 'subclinical atherosclerosis'. The majority of studies show a beneficial effect of endogenous estrogen on the vasculature; however, there are a few studies reporting the contrary. A significant body of literature has reported associations of endogenous estrogen and androgen with early markers of atherosclerosis and metabolic parameters. Data on the relevance of endogenous sex steroids in heart disease and stroke are inconclusive. Most studies support a beneficial role of endogenous estrogens and, probably, an adverse effect of androgens in the vasculature in postmenopausal women. However, the described associations may not always be considered as causal. It is possible that circulating estrogen might represent a marker of general health status or alternatively reflect the sum of endogenous androgens aromatized in the periphery. Elucidating the role of sex steroids in cardio- and cerebro-vascular disease remains an interesting field of future research.

  16. Time series analysis of the association between ambient temperature and cerebrovascular morbidity in the elderly in Shanghai, China

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhang, Xian-Jing; Ma, Wei-Ping; Zhao, Nai-Qing; Wang, Xi-Ling

    2016-01-01

    Research on the association between ambient temperature and cerebrovascular morbidity is scarce in China. In this study, we applied mixed generalized additive model (MGAM) to daily counts of cerebrovascular disease of Shanghai residents aged 65 years or older from 2007-2011, stratified by gender. Weighted daily mean temperature up to lags of one week was smoothed by natural cubic spline, and was added into the model to assess both linear and nonlinear effects of temperature. We found that when the mean temperature increased by 1 °C, the male cases of cerebrovascular disease reduced by 0.95% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.80%, 1.10%) or reduced by 0.34% (95% CI: -0.68, 1.36%) in conditions of temperature was below or above 27 °C. However, for every 1 °C increase in temperature, the female cases of cerebrovascular disease increased by 0.34% (95% CI: -0.26%, 0.94%) or decreased by 0.92% (95% CI: 0.72, 1.11%) in conditions of temperature was below or above 8 °C, respectively. Temperature and cerebrovascular morbidity is negatively associated in Shanghai. MGAM is recommended in assessing the association between environmental hazards and health outcomes in time series studies.

  17. Mortalidad intrahospitalaria por accidente cerebrovascular

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    Federico Rodríguez Lucci

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available La mortalidad global por accidente cerebrovascular (ACV ha disminuido en las últimas tres décadas, probablemente debido a un mejor control de los factores de riesgo vascular. La mortalidad hospitalaria por ACV ha sido tradicionalmente estimada entre 6 y 14% en la mayoría de las series comunicadas. Sin embargo, los datos de ensayos clínicos recientes sugieren que esta cifra sería sustancialmente menor. Se revisaron datos de pacientes internados con diagnóstico de ACV del Banco de Datos de Stroke de FLENI y los registros institucionales de mortalidad entre los años 2000 y 2010. Los subtipos de ACV isquémicos se clasificaron según criterios TOAST y los ACV hemorrágicos en hematomas intrapanquimatosos, hemorragias subaracnoideas aneurismáticas, malformaciones arteriovenosas y otros hematomas intraparenquimatosos. Se analizaron 1514 pacientes, 1079 (71% con ACV isquémico (grandes vasos 39%, cardioembólicos 27%, lacunares 9%, etiología indeterminada 14%, otras etiologías 11% y 435 (29% con ACV hemorrágico (intraparenquimatosos 27%, hemorragia subaracnoidea 30%, malformaciones arteriovenosas 25% y otros hematomas espontáneos 18%. Se registraron 38 muertes intrahospitalarias (17 ACV isquémicos y 21 ACV hemorrágicos, representando una mortalidad global del 2.5% (1.7% en ACV isquémicos y 4.8% en ACV hemorrágicos. No se registraron muertes asociadas al uso de fibrinolíticos endovenosos. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con ACV isquémico y hemorrágico en nuestro centro fue baja. El manejo en un centro dedicado a las enfermedades neurológicas y el enfoque multidisciplinario por personal médico y no médico entrenado en el cuidado de la enfermedad cerebrovascular podrían explicar, al menos en parte, estos resultados.

  18. SICK SINUS SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS

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    E. K. Kazakova

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The article presents a clinical case of 2 patients with heart arrhythmias of the sick sinus syndrome type, who were implanted electriccardiac pacemakers in the acute period of cerebrovascular accidents. There were no cardiac complaints in the clinical manifestation, however, a comprehensive assessment confirmed the diagnosis of sick sinus syndrome.

  19. [The estimated incidence and case fatality rate of ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease in 2002 in Catalonia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marrugat, Jaume; Arboix, Adrià; García-Eroles, Lluís; Salas, Teresa; Vila, Joan; Castell, Conxa; Tresserras, Ricard; Elosua, Roberto

    2007-06-01

    The aim of this study was to obtain an estimate of the incidence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in the Spanish population in 2002. The study involved data on patients aged over 24 years for the year 2002 contained in both the death register and the Minimum Basic Data Set from 65 of the 84 Catalan general hospitals (i.e., 90.7% of all acute hospital beds in Catalonia). Total and age-adjusted mortality rates, cumulative incidence, and hospitalization rates, and the 28-day case fatality rate for CVD in the Catalan population were calculated after cases of traumatic and transient disease had been excluded. The unadjusted CVD mortality rate per 100,000 population aged over 24 years in Catalonia was 92 in men and 119 in women. The age-adjusted rates were 58 (95% confidence interval or CI, 56-61) and 43 (95% CI, 41-44), respectively. The cumulative incidence of CVD per 100,000 population was 218 (95% CI, 214-221) in men and 127 (95% CI, 125-128) in women. The unadjusted 28-day case fatality rate in the population was 36.2%: 30.3% in men and 42.0% in women. Some 62.5% of patients (57.2% of men and 66.4% of women) died from CVD outside hospital. These findings indicate that CVD mortality and incidence rates in Catalonia are among the lowest in developed countries. More than half of the deaths that took place within 28 days after the onset of symptoms occurred outside hospital.

  20. Brain MRI hyperintense lesions and cerebrovascular risk factors in the elderly

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Iidaka, Tetsuya

    1993-01-01

    It is known that asymptomatic MRI lesions of the brain are found in elderly subjects, but the significance of the lesions has not been determined. In previous reports, the prevalence of MRI lesions varied from 11% to 59%, but many of the authors indicated a close relationship with cerebrovascular risk factors. We evaluated 76 elderly subjects (over 60 years old, average age ±SD was 66.7±4.5) without a history of cerebrovascular disease and dementia, and determined the prevalence of periventricular (PVH), white matter (WMH) and pontine (PH) hyperintensity and risk factors. The severity of MRI lesion was evaluated in T2-weighted images by Fazekas' scoring method of MRI hyperintense lesions. PVH, WMH and PH were graded visually from 0 to 3 by the author and these points are added to the MRI score. In T1-weighted images, we also measured the diameter of the third ventricle, frontal horn and body of the lateral ventricle. Our results were that 62% of subjects had PVH, 64% had WMH and 8% had PH. In regard to risk factors, 38% of subjects had hypertension, 17% had diabetes mellitus, 8% had ischemic heart disease. The PVH (+) group was significantly older (p<0.01) and had larger lateral ventricles (p<0.05) than the PVH (-) group. The WMH (+) group was significantly older (p<0.05) and had higher risk of cerebrovascular disease (0.05) than the WMH (-) group. The MRI score was related, but not significantly, to a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease. The MRI score and index of ventricular enlargement correlated with age (p<0.05). In conclusion, PVH was related to aging and cerebrovascular risk factors. Therefore, PVH and WMH were suspected to have different pathogenesis and WMH was more closely related to risk factors. Our scoring method permits evaluation and comparison of MRI lesions of different groups. (author)

  1. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and mortality due to cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease in Shenyang, China.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pengfei Zhang

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The relationship between ambient air pollution exposure and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in human is controversial, and there is little information about how exposures to ambient air pollution contribution to the mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among Chinese. The aim of the present study was to examine whether exposure to ambient-air pollution increases the risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among humans to examine the association between compound-air pollutants [particulate matter <10 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10, sulfur dioxide (SO(2 and nitrogen dioxide (NO(2] and mortality in Shenyang, China, using 12 years of data (1998-2009. Also, stratified analysis by sex, age, education, and income was conducted for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality. The results showed that an increase of 10 µg/m(3 in a year average concentration of PM(10 corresponds to 55% increase in the risk of a death cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio [HR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51 to 1.60 and 49% increase in cerebrovascular disease (HR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.45 to 1.53, respectively. The corresponding figures of adjusted HR (95%CI for a 10 µg/m(3 increase in NO(2 was 2.46 (2.31 to 2.63 for cardiovascular mortality and 2.44 (2.27 to 2.62 for cerebrovascular mortality, respectively. The effects of air pollution were more evident in female that in male, and nonsmokers and residents with BMI<18.5 were more vulnerable to outdoor air pollution. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with the death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among Chinese populations.

  2. Screening for cerebrovascular disease in microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPD II): an evidence-based proposal.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Perry, Luke D; Robertson, Fergus; Ganesan, Vijeya

    2013-04-01

    Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (OMIM 210720) is a rare autosomal recessive condition frequently associated with early-onset cerebrovascular disease. Presymptomatic detection and intervention could prevent the adverse consequences associated with this. We reviewed published cases of microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II to ascertain prevalence and characteristics of cerebrovascular disease and use these data to propose an evidence-based approach to cerebrovascular screening. Of 147 cases identified, 47 had cerebrovascular disease (32%), including occlusive arteriopathy (including moyamoya) and cerebral aneurysmal disease. Occlusive disease occurred in younger individuals, and progression can be both rapid and clinically silent. A reasonable screening approach would be magnetic resonance imaging and angiography of the cervical and intracranial circulation at diagnosis, repeated at yearly intervals until 10 years, and every 2 years thereafter, unless clinical concerns occur earlier. At present it would appear that this needs to be life-long. Families and professionals should be alerted to the potential significance of neurologic symptoms and measures should be taken to maintain good vascular health in affected individuals. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  3. Cardiomyopathy and Cerebrovascular Accident Associated with Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mochizuki, Ronald M.; Richter, Kenneth J.

    1988-01-01

    A case report is presented of a 32 year-old male bodybuilder who sustained an ischemic cerebrovascular accident and showed signs of cardiomyopathy. Although no cause was found, the man had been taking steroids for 16 years. Harmful effects of steroid use are discussed. (IAH)

  4. Intra-individual variability in cerebrovascular and respiratory chemosensitivity: Can we characterize a chemoreflex "reactivity profile"?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Borle, Kennedy J; Pfoh, Jamie R; Boulet, Lindsey M; Abrosimova, Maria; Tymko, Michael M; Skow, Rachel J; Varner, Amy; Day, Trevor A

    2017-08-01

    Intra-individual variability in the magnitude of human cerebrovascular and respiratory chemoreflex responses is largely unexplored. By comparing response magnitudes of cerebrovascular CO 2 reactivity (CVR; middle and posterior cerebral arteries; MCA, PCA), central (CCR; CO 2 ) and peripheral respiratory chemoreflexes (PCR; CO 2 and O 2 ), we tested the hypothesis that a within-individual reactivity magnitude profile could be characterized. The magnitudes of CVR and CCR were tested with hyperoxic rebreathing and PCR magnitudes were tested through transient respiratory tests (TT-CO 2 , hypercapnia; TT-N 2 , hypoxia). No significant intra-individual relationships were found between CCR vs. CVR (MCA and PCA), CCR vs. PCR (TT-N 2 or TT-CO 2 ) (r0.3) response magnitudes. Statistically significant relationships were found between MCA vs. PCA reactivity (r=0.45, Pvariability that exists in human cerebrovascular and respiratory chemoreflexes. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  5. Coding in Stroke and Other Cerebrovascular Diseases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Korb, Pearce J; Jones, William

    2017-02-01

    Accurate coding is critical for clinical practice and research. Ongoing changes to diagnostic and billing codes require the clinician to stay abreast of coding updates. Payment for health care services, data sets for health services research, and reporting for medical quality improvement all require accurate administrative coding. This article provides an overview of coding principles for patients with strokes and other cerebrovascular diseases and includes an illustrative case as a review of coding principles in a patient with acute stroke.

  6. Radiation-induced cerebrovascular disease in children

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Wright, T.L.; Bresnan, M.J.

    1976-01-01

    Radiation-induced internal carotid artery occlusion has not been well recognized previously as a cause of childhood cerebrovascular disease. A child who had received radiation as a neonate for a hemangioma involving the left orbit at the age of 6 years experienced a recurrent right-sided paresis, vascular headaches, and speech difficulties. Angiography showed a hypoplastic left carotid artery with occlusion of both the anterior and middle cerebral arteries. Collateral vessels bypassed the occluded-stenotic segments. Review of the literature showed two additional cases of large vessel occlusion in childhood associated with anastomatic telangiectatic vessel development following early radiation therapy of facial hemangioma

  7. AltitudeOmics: Resetting of cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity following acclimatization to high altitude

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jui-Lin eFan

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Previous studies reported enhanced cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity upon ascent to high altitude using linear models. However, there is evidence that this response may be sigmoidal in nature. Moreover, it was speculated that these changes at high altitude are mediated by alterations in acid-base buffering. Accordingly, we reanalyzed previously published data to assess middle cerebral blood flow velocity (MCAv responses to modified rebreathing at sea level (SL, upon ascent (ALT1 and following 16 days of acclimatization (ALT16 to 5,260 m in 21 lowlanders. Using sigmoid curve fitting of the MCAv responses to CO2, we found the amplitude (95% vs. 129%, SL vs. ALT1, 95% confidence intervals (CI [77, 112], [111, 145], respectively, P=0.024 and the slope of the sigmoid response (4.5 vs. 7.5 %/mmHg, SL vs. ALT1, 95% CIs [3.1, 5.9], [6.0, 9.0], respectively, P=0.026 to be enhanced at ALT1, which persisted with acclimatization at ALT16 (amplitude: 177%, 95% CI [139, 215], P<0.001; slope: 10.3 %/mmHg, 95% CI [8.2, 12.5], P=0.003 compared to SL. Meanwhile, the sigmoidal response midpoint was unchanged at ALT1 (SL: 36.5 mmHg; ALT1: 35.4 mmHg, 95% CIs [34.0, 39.0], [33.1, 37.7], respectively, P=0.982, while it was reduced by ~7 mmHg at ALT16 (28.6 mmHg, 95% CI [26.4, 30.8], P=0.001 vs. SL, indicating leftward shift of the cerebrovascular CO2 response to a lower arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2 following acclimatization to altitude. Sigmoid fitting revealed a leftward shift in the midpoint of the cerebrovascular response curve which could not be observed with linear fitting. These findings demonstrate that there is resetting of the cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity operating point to a lower PaCO2 following acclimatization to high altitude. This cerebrovascular resetting is likely the result of an altered acid-base buffer status resulting from prolonged exposure to the severe hypocapnia associated with ventilatory acclimatization to high altitude.

  8. Enfermedad cerebrovascular en mujeres: estado del arte y visión del cardiólogo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Johanna P. Contreras

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: La enfermedad cerebrovascular tiene varias denominaciones; en la actualidad se habla globalmente de ataque cerebrovascular, términos en los que se abarcan tanto manifestaciones hemorrágicas como isquémicas. Las mujeres son una población especial, con un riesgo relevante y mayores implicaciones pronósticas. Comparado con los hombres, comorbilidades como la hipertensión y la fibrilación auricular tienen mayor impacto vital y funcional en las mujeres. En el manejo no hay consideraciones que las diferencien de manera contundente, excepto en las mujeres embarazadas que requieren un ajuste especial al tratamiento, y en algunos casos no hay suficiente información para emitir una recomendación. Abstract: Cerebrovascular disease has several names and it is currently referred to as stroke, which encompasses hemorrhagic and ischemic manifestations. Women are a special population, with a relevant risk and greater prognostic implications. Comorbidities such as hypertension and atrial fibrillation have a greater impact at a vital and functional level, compared to men. Regarding management, there are no considerations that differentiate them in a definitive way, except in pregnant women (who require a special adjustment to the treatment, and in some cases there is not enough data to issue a recommendation. Palabras clave: Ataque cerebrovascular, Embarazo, Fibrilación auricular, Keywords: Stroke, Pregnancy, Atrial fibrillation

  9. Cuidado popular de familias con un adulto mayor sobreviviente del primer accidente cerebrovascular

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucero López-Díaz

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Introducción: el accidente cerebrovascular afecta a numerosas personas en el mundo y se constituye en la principal causa de muer- te. Los sobrevivientes pueden padecer discapacidad y sufrir modificaciones en las actividades cotidianas. La familia es el principal apoyo del sobreviviente y al ser parte de una misma cultura, construye acciones de cuidado en búsqueda del bienestar. Objetivo: describir las acciones del cuidado popular de las familias con un adulto mayor sobreviviente del primer accidente cerebrovascular. Método: estudio etnográfico, con observación participante y entrevistas en profundidad. Participaron siete familias bogotanas (siete adultos mayores entre los dos y diez meses posteriores al primer accidente cerebrovascular y los siete cuidadores principales respectivos. Resultados: cuidadores y adulto mayor comparten acciones de cuidado para la recuperación, relacionadas con la alimentación, el cuidado personal y la ingesta de medicamentos permeadas por la creencia religiosa, fuente de soporte y vínculo afectivo. Conclusión: conocer el cuidado popular de esta población posibilita proponer acciones culturalmente congruentes con sus valores y creencias para potencializar las ca- pacidades familiares e intermediar en los procesos de tratamiento.

  10. MDMA ("Ecstasy") and its association with cerebrovascular accidents: preliminary findings

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Reneman, L.; Habraken, J. B.; Majoie, C. B.; Booij, J.; den Heeten, G. J.

    2000-01-01

    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Abuse of the popular recreational drug "Ecstasy" (MDMA) has been linked to the occurrence of cerebrovascular accidents. It is known that MDMA alters brain serotonin (5-HT) concentrations and that brain postsynaptic 5-HT(2) receptors play a role in the regulation of brain

  11. Microbubbles as drug delivery systems in cerebrovascular diseases.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Spinelli, Mariacarmela; Demitri, Christian; Sannino, Alessandro; Peruzzotti-Jametti, Luca; Bacigaluppi, Marco; Comi, Giancarlo; Corea, Francesco

    2009-11-01

    The field of neurovascular ultrasound is growing rapidly with new applications. While ultrasound contrast agents were initially used to overcome poor transcranial bone windows for identification of cerebral arteries, newgeneration microbubbles in combination with innovative contrast-specific ultrasound techniques now enable potential therapeutic procedures. This article will provide a review of recent and emerging developments along with patents in ultrasound technology and contrast-specific therapeutic techniques for cerebrovascular patients.

  12. A DITADURA MILITAR, A REDEMOCRATIZAÇÃO E A DEMOCRACIA REPRESENTATIVA NO BRASIL

    OpenAIRE

    Lima, Daniela de

    2012-01-01

    O presente ensaio tem por objeto a compreensão do processo de redemocratização pelo qual passou o Brasil, com ênfase no Poder constituído pela ditadura militar e suas consequências, até a promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988, com a consolidação da Democracia Representativa. O seu objetivo é de explicitar os aspectos históricos, políticos e jurídicos da redemocratização do Brasil. A partir do método indutivo, os fundamentos teóricos apresentados demonstram o renascimento do Direito Cons...

  13. Selective intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) in cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Uchino, Akira; Satoh, Yoshiyuki; Ohno, Masato

    1987-01-01

    Selective right transbrachial intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (transbrachial selective IADSA) was successfully performed for 24 of 26 patients with known or suspected cerebrovascular disease, four of whom were outpatients. Catheterization failed in two elderly hypertensive men because of tortuosity of their brachial arteries, and in one woman whose aberrant right subclavian artery (SCA) prevented bilateral common carotid arterial (CCA) catheterizations. No complications occurred. One-hundred and ten ''excellent'' images were obtained by means of 118 injections for the 24 patients. Iopamidol, the contrast medium, was diluted to 50 % concentration with saline, then warmed to 37 deg C. Nearly all the injections of both CCAs and right vertebral arteries (VAs) were completed using 10 ml injections and a 5 ml/sec flow rate. The mean examination time for the three-vessel study was 29.4 minutes. Transbrachial selective IADSA thus proved to be a safe, useful, and relatively easy means of diagnosing cerebrovascular disease. (author)

  14. Evaluating patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease using positron emission tomography

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Raichle, M.E.

    1982-01-01

    Recent advances in nuclear medicine imaging techniques offer an important alternative for the evaluation of therapy for ischemic cerebrovascular disease. In particular, positron emission tomography (PET), with its capacity to provide quantitative measurements of brain blood flow, metabolism and biochemistry on a truly regional basis, now offers the opportunity to evaluate therapy in terms of specific changes in these parameters. By doing this PET permits one to study the problem on an individual patient basis with each subject serving as his own control. The author has been pursuing this approach in patients considered candidates for superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis to bypass major stenotic or occlusive lesions of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery. The results indicate that PET is of considerable value in establishing much more exactly the pathophysiology of certain forms of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and evaluating a form of therapy designed to correct the basic underlying defect. (Auth./C.F.)

  15. Cerebrovascular-Reactivity Mapping Using MRI: Considerations for Alzheimer’s Disease

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    J. J. Chen

    2018-06-01

    Full Text Available Alzheimer’s disease (AD is associated with well-established macrostructural and cellular markers, including localized brain atrophy and deposition of amyloid. However, there is growing recognition of the link between cerebrovascular dysfunction and AD, supported by continuous experimental evidence in the animal and human literature. As a result, neuroimaging studies of AD are increasingly aiming to incorporate vascular measures, exemplified by measures of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR. CVR is a measure that is rooted in clinical practice, and as non-invasive CVR-mapping techniques become more widely available, routine CVR mapping may open up new avenues of investigation into the development of AD. This review focuses on the use of MRI to map CVR, paying specific attention to recent developments in MRI methodology and on the emerging stimulus-free approaches to CVR mapping. It also summarizes the biological basis for the vascular contribution to AD, and provides critical perspective on the choice of CVR-mapping techniques amongst frail populations.

  16. Vida cotidiana y dictadura militar en la Argentina: un balance historiográfico = Vida cotidiana e ditadura militar na Argentina: um balanço historiográfico = Daily life and military dictatorship in Argentina: a historiographical balance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lvovich, Daniel

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo, fizemos um balanço historiográfico sobre o campo de estudos sobre a vida cotidiana durante a ditadura militar que governou a Argentina entre 1976 e 1983. Tentamos em primeiro lugar explicar os debates fundamentais em historiografias nacionais que trataram com mais profundidade estas questões, em seguida, para abordar o caso argentino, considerando as principais produções e contextos académicos e políticos em que surgiram

  17. Loss-of-function mutation in ABCA1 and risk of Alzheimer's disease and cerebrovascular disease

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Nordestgaard, Liv Tybjærg; Tybjærg-Hansen, Anne; Nordestgaard, Børge G

    2015-01-01

    .2%) versus AA (99.8%) was associated with a 13% lower plasma level of apoE (P = 1 × 10(-11)). Multifactorially adjusted hazard ratios for N1800H AC versus AA were 4.13 (95% confidence interval, 1.32-12.9) for AD, 2.46 (1.10-5.50) for cerebrovascular disease, and 8.28 (2.03-33.7) for the hemorrhagic stroke......-brain barrier via apoE-mediated pathways. METHODS: We tested whether a loss-of-function mutation in ABCA1, N1800H, is associated with plasma levels of apoE and with risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in 92,726 individuals and with risk of cerebrovascular disease in 64,181 individuals. RESULTS: N1800H AC (0...... subtype. DISCUSSION: A loss-of-function mutation in ABCA1, present in 1:500 individuals, was associated with low plasma levels of apoE and with high risk of AD and cerebrovascular disease in the general population....

  18. UBC-Nepal expedition: The use of oral antioxidants does not alter cerebrovascular function at sea level or high altitude.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hansen, Alexander B; Hoiland, Ryan L; Lewis, Nia C S; Tymko, Michael M; Tremblay, Joshua C; Stembridge, Michael; Nowak-Flück, Daniela; Carter, Howard H; Bailey, Damian M; Ainslie, Philip N

    2018-04-01

    What is the central question of the study? Does the use of antioxidants alter cerebrovascular function and blood flow at sea level (344 m) and/or high altitude (5050 m)? What is the main finding and its importance? This is the first study to investigate whether antioxidant administration alters cerebrovascular regulation and blood flow in response to hypercapnia, acute hypoxia and chronic hypoxia in healthy humans. We demonstrate that an acute dose of antioxidants does not alter cerebrovascular function and blood flow at sea level (344 m) or after 12 days at high altitude (5050 m). Hypoxia is associated with an increase in systemic and cerebral formation of free radicals and associated reactants that may be linked to impaired cerebral vascular function and neurological sequelae. To what extent oral antioxidant prophylaxis impacts cerebrovascular function in humans throughout the course of acclimatization to the hypoxia of terrestrial high altitude has not been examined. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of orally ingested antioxidants at clinically relevant doses (vitamins C and E and α-lipoic acid) on cerebrovascular regulation at sea level (344 m; n = 12; female n = 2 participants) and at high altitude (5050 m; n = 9; female n = 2) in a randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blinded crossover design. Hypercapnic and hypoxic cerebrovascular reactivity tests of the internal carotid artery (ICA) were conducted at sea level, and global and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF; i.e. ICA and vertebral artery) were assessed 10-12 days after arrival at 5050 m. At sea level, acute administration of antioxidants did not alter cerebral hypoxic cerebrovascular reactivity (pre versus post: 1.5 ± 0.7 versus 1.2 ± 0.8%∆CBF/-%∆SpO2; P = 0.96) or cerebral hypercapnic cerebrovascular reactivity (pre versus post: 5.7 ± 2.0 versus 5.8 ± 1.9%∆CBF/∆mmHg; P = 0.33). Furthermore, global CBF (P = 0.43) and

  19. Cerebral blood flow measurement in cerebrovascular occlusive diseases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yanagihara, T.; Wahner, H.W.

    1984-01-01

    In order to evaluate cerebral blood flow (CBF) patterns among individual patients with increased statistical confidence, CBF measurements were carried out using the 133Xe-inhalation method and external head detectors. F1 values representing gray matter flow from 3 to 6 head detectors were averaged to form 16 different regions for each cerebral hemisphere. Normative values were obtained from 46 healthy volunteers, and data from individual regions were analyzed for absolute blood flow rates (ml/100g/min), for concordance between right and left hemispheres and as percent of mean hemispheric flow. CBF measurements were then carried out among 37 patients with cerebrovascular occlusive diseases, and results were compared with normative values. A high incidence of abnormal flows were detected among symptomatic patients with intracranial arterial stenosis or occlusion and those with extracranial internal carotid artery occlusion. By using the above method for data analysis, it was possible to delineate hypoperfused areas among these patients. Even though the 133Xe-inhalation method has inherent limitations, this is a practical and safe method for measurement of CBF which can provide reliable information useful for management of patients with cerebrovascular occlusive diseases, particularly when the results are presented with statistical confidence

  20. La formación de la conciencia moral en la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Eduardo Vargas Vargas

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo presenta los hallazgos obtenidos en la investigación titulada "Formación de la conciencia moral en la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada", partiendo de las teorías del desarrollo moral propuestas por Piaget y Kohlberg. El diagnóstico nos enfrenta a la responsabilidad que tienen las instituciones de Educación Superior frente a la formación de sujetos con una moral de principios, de justicia social y de reconocimiento de los otros y a la búsqueda de procesos pedagógicos que posibiliten estos desarrollos.

  1. Bacterial Endocarditis and Cerebrovascular Disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Silver, Brian; Behrouz, Réza; Silliman, Scott

    2016-12-01

    Cerebrovascular complications of endocarditis occur in 25-70% of patients with infective endocarditis. The cornerstone of treatment is early initiation of antibiotic treatment, which significantly reduces the risk of embolization after 1 week of treatment. In general, thrombolysis and anticoagulation of these patients should be avoided, while antiplatelet therapy may be considered in those with other indications. Endovascular treatment of acute septic emboli is uncertain, but a few case reports have demonstrated benefit. Other complications of infective endocarditis include intracerebral hemorrhage, which may be predicted by the presence of two or more cerebral microbleeds on gradient echo sequences. Intracranial mycotic aneurysms can often be managed with serial imaging and coiled if there is evidence of failure to reduce in size, or enlargement.

  2. Ultra-sensitive molecular MRI of cerebrovascular cell activation enables early detection of chronic central nervous system disorders

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Montagne, Axel; Gauberti, Maxime; Jullienne, Amandine; Briens, Aurelien; Docagne, Fabian; Vivien, Denis; Maubert, Eric; Macrez, Richard; Defer, Gilles; Raynaud, Jean-Sebastien; Louin, Gaelle; Buisson, Alain; Haelewyn, Benoit

    2012-01-01

    Since endothelial cells can be targeted by large contrast-carrying particles, molecular imaging of cerebrovascular cell activation is highly promising to evaluate the underlying inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we aimed to demonstrate that molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cerebrovascular cell activation can reveal CNS disorders in the absence of visible lesions and symptoms. To this aim, we optimized contrast carrying particles targeting vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and MRI protocols through both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Although, pre-contrast MRI images failed to reveal the ongoing pathology, contrast-enhanced MRI revealed hypoperfusion-triggered CNS injury in vascular dementia, unmasked amyloid-induced cerebrovascular activation in Alzheimer's disease and allowed monitoring of disease activity during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Moreover, contrast-enhanced MRI revealed the cerebrovascular cell activation associated with known risk factors of CNS disorders such as peripheral inflammation, ethanol consumption, hyperglycemia and aging. By providing a dramatically higher sensitivity than previously reported methods and molecular contrast agents, the technology described in the present study opens new avenues of investigation in the field of neuro-inflammation. (authors)

  3. ¿Memoria no es historia? Testimonios de una escuela durante la dictadura militar en Argentina (1976-1982

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rubén CUCUZZA

    2013-11-01

    Full Text Available El artículo reproduce cuatro testimonios sobre algunos acontecimientos sucedidos a docentes y alumnos de una escuela durante la última dictadura militar en Argentina entre 1976 y 1982. Los relatos son entrelazados con algunas aproximaciones al problema de la memoria y el olvido, a las relaciones entre memoria e historia, a las posibilidades de la historia reciente y al papel de los testimonios en la tarea del historiador.

  4. [Sleep disorders in the structure of cerebrovascular diseases].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Iakupov, É Z; Aleksandrova, E A; Troshina, Iu V; Shebasheva, E V; Shagiakhmetova, L Ia

    2014-01-01

    The literature on the place and role of insomnia in cerebral blood circulation disturbances is reviewed. It is emphasized that insomnia is a modifying risk factor of cerebrovascular pathology. The syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea may be a cause of arterial hypertension. The diagnostic relevance of the complex examination of patients with sleep pathology, including polysomnographic technology, and its role in the choice of corrective measures and treatment of insomnia in whole are shown.

  5. Digital subtraction angiography in pediatric cerebrovascular occlusive disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Faerber, E.N.; Griska, L.A.B.; Swartz, J.D.; Capitanio, M.A.; Popky, G.L.

    1984-01-01

    While conventional angiography has been used to demonstrate cerebrovascular occlusive disease in the past, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is capable of showing progressive vascular involvement with ease, simplicity, and extremely low morbidity, making it particularly well suited for children and outpatients either alone or coordinated with computed tomography. The authors discuss the usefulness and advantages of DSA as demonstrated in 7 infants and children with hemiplegia, 4 of whom had sickle-cell disease

  6. NUTRITION BASED ON DIFFERENT ORIGIN OF FATS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CEREBROVASCULAR INSULT

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gordana Petrović-Oggiano

    2011-06-01

    Full Text Available Cerebrovascular insult (CVI is one of leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with significant influence of lifestyle on its development.The aim of this study was to investigate the different risk factors and their impact on hyperlipidaemia in two ethnic groups of patients who were hospitalized after CVI during two years.The total of 230 patients, 35-65 years old, with the ischemic CVI who had been hospitalized and treated at the Clinical Center Priština were included in our study. The patients were divided into two groups: group A (n=130- Muslim patients, and group S (n=100 – Orthodox patients. Their antropometric and serum lipid parameters were measured and nutritional habits were assessed by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ.The patients from both groups were classified as adipose, with BMI in males around 33, and in females 28-30. Percentage of body fat was also high in both groups, especially in women (p<0.001, without significant difference between groups A and S. Physical activity was very low in both studied groups. In the group A, 86.92% patients with CVI were physically inactive, while in the group S the percentage amounted to 92% (p<0.001. The number of smokers was rather high in both groups, particularly in group S (89% and more than a half (53% of examinees had been smoking for more than 10 years. Almost all smokers consumed more than 20 cigarettes per day (83%. In group A, there were 35% of non-smokers (p<0.001.The average diastolic blood pressure value in the groups A and S (Table 6,7 was 97.97±4.75 mmHg and 100.82±6.71 mmHg, respectively, while systolic pressure was 174.27±3.18 mmHg in group A and 183.73±11.39 mmHg in group S. In spite of different lifestyles in both groups, the studied risk factors were proved to have significant influence on the onset of hyperlipidemia. The S group patients whose diet was predominantly based on animal fats had significantly higher risk in comparison to the group whose diet

  7. The Clinical Characteristics of Acute Cerebrovascular Accidents Resulting from Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Yang, Shuna; Yuan, Junliang; Qin, Wei; Li, Yue; Yang, Lei; Hu, Wenli

    2017-01-01

    Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious complication that occurs after the ovarian-induction treatment. Acute cerebrovascular accident is one of the most dangerous manifestations of the syndrome. However, the characteristics of stroke resulting from OHSS have so far not been well summarised in any study. We reported 2 cases of acute cerebrovascular accidents secondary to OHSS. And then we performed a literature search for reports on this type of stroke, and summarised their characteristics. Thirty-six published cases of this type of stroke were reviewed. Thirty two out of 36 (88.9%) of the women were 35 years old or younger. Stroke in 28 out of 36 (77.8%) of these cases was caused by arterial thrombosis. In 17 out of 28 cases, the involved cerebral vascular branches were mainly middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA). The acute cerebrovascular accidents happened 7 and 9.25 days after embryo transplantation or 8 and 8.33 days after last human chorionic gonadotropin treatment respectively. The prognosis of patients was relatively good after anticoagulation and some supportive treatments. The MCA and ICA are easily involved in stroke resulting from OHSS. The young age may be a risk factor for developing stroke secondary to OHSS. Once thromboembolism develops, administering appropriate therapy is crucial. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  8. Impact of drinking and smoking habits on cerebrovascular disease risk among male employees.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hatanaka, Yoko; Shimokata, Keiko; Osugi, Shigeki; Kaneko, Noriyo

    2016-10-07

    We aimed to analyze the impact of drinking and smoking behavior on the risk of developing cerebrovascular diseases among male employees aged 20-46 years. Twenty years of follow-up data of male employees enrolled in the DENSO Health Insurance Program were used for analyses. Of 29,048 male employees aged 20-46 years who were enrolled in the insurance program in 1994, 25,084 (86.4%) employees underwent annual health check-ups until 2003 without missing an appointment. Of these 25,084 employees, the data of 11,784 (40.6%) employees who self-reported drinking and smoking habits were used for analyses. The hazard ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for developing cerebrovascular disease in 2004-2013 were calculated in four risk groups categorized as per drinking and smoking behavior in the young group who were in their 20s and the middle-aged group who were in their 30s-40s in 1994. Based on their drinking behavior, participants were categorized into two groups: "not drinking or drinking sometimes" and "drinking every day." Based on their smoking behavior, participants were also categorized into two groups: "not smoking for 10 years" and "smoking for 10 years." A Cox's proportional hazard model revealed that after controlling for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, and age, the hazard ratios for "smoking and drinking every day" were 3.82 (95% CI: 1.40-10.41) in the young group and 2.31 (95% CI: 1.27-4.17) in the middle-aged group. Male employees who had been drinking and smoking for 10 years had a higher risk of developing cerebrovascular diseases. To prevent cerebrovascular diseases among male employees, it may be effective to offer behavior change interventions for both drinking and smoking habits, regardless of the age group.

  9. Dynamic computed tomography findings in cerebrovascular diseases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Araki, Yutaka; Tomoda, Kaname; Kariya, Mitsumasa; Mori, Shigeru; Mitomo, Masanori.

    1988-01-01

    Dynamic CT was performed with 41 patients with the clinically diagnosed cerebrovascular diseases. A visual evaluation based on the dynamic CT images classified six patterns of brain parenchymal enhancement, especially four patterns of which could only be detected by dynamic CT technique. Dynamic CT was proved of great value in detecting regional cerebral tissue filled by collaterals in retrograde fashion because of the occlusion of main arteries, namely brain tissue perfusion of internal carotid occlusion disease and moyamoya disease was best understood by dynamic CT with adequate resolution. (author)

  10. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition and cerebrovascular regulation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Iadecola, C; Pelligrino, D A; Moskowitz, M A

    1994-01-01

    tone and may play an important role in selected vasodilator responses of the cerebral circulation. Furthermore, evidence has been presented suggesting that NO participates in the mechanisms of cerebral ischemic damage. Despite the widespread attention that NO has captured in recent years and the large......There is increasing evidence that nitric oxide (NO) is an important molecular messenger involved in a wide variety of biological processes. Recent data suggest that NO is also involved in the regulation of the cerebral circulation. Thus, NO participants in the maintenance of resting cerebrovascular...

  11. First translational 'Think Tank' on cerebrovascular disease, cognitive impairment and dementia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Barone, F.C.; Gustafson, D.; Crystal, H.A.; Moreno, H.; Adamski, M.G.; Arai, K.; Baird, A.E.; Balucani, C.; Brickman, A.M.; Cechetto, D.; Gorelick, P.; Biessels, G.J.; Kiliaan, A.J.; Launer, L.; Schneider, J.; Sorond, F.A.; Whitmer, R.; Wright, C.; Zhang, Z.G.

    2016-01-01

    As the human population continues to age, an increasing number of people will exhibit significant deficits in cognitive function and dementia. It is now recognized that cerebrovascular, metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases all play major roles in the evolution of cognitive impairment and

  12. Analysis of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients admitted diagnosed with acute ischemic cerebrovascular event in internal medicine services and neurology of the Hospital Mexico in March 2013 to March 2014

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Araya Gonzalez, Manuel Alberto

    2014-01-01

    Records of 100 patients were revised with diagnosis of ischemic cerebrovascular event in the neurology and internal medicine at the Hospital Mexico since March 2013 to March 2014. A total of 46 patients were men and 54 were women. The overall mean age was 69 years, for men have been 66 years and for women from 71. Patients of all provinces were entered main of San Jose with 56% followed by 19% Alajuela. The hospital management by specialty was distributed 60% to internal medicine and 40% neurology. The risk factors most frequently found were: hypertension 85%, diabetes mellitus 40%, smoking 35%, and dyslipidemia 35%. Overweight was observed in 23% of patients and 22% obese. As for the initial clinical manifestations documented in the first physical examination, the 6 most frequently found have been: faciobrachiocrural hemiparesis 60%, delirium 22%, dysarthria 22%, headache 20%, nausea and/or vomiting 17% and aphasia 15%. A total of 13% of patients have altered the consciousness and 5% have required ventilatory support for first 24 hours of evolution. 27% of patients have arrived within the first 3 hours of onset of symptoms, 11% between 3 to 4.5 hours and the remaining 62% beyond 4.5 hours of duration. 70% of patients have had 1 or more comorbidities prior to the event, the top 5 have been: ischemic heart disease 31%, 29% atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular disease 19%, 16% chronic kidney disease and congestive heart failure by 12%. Regarding the topographic classification of stokes, 16% were TACI, PACI 46%, 27% LACI and POCI only 11%. The average NIHSS scale has been 9 points to admission, 10 to 48 hours and 6 points at the time of discharge. Regarding brain scan on admission to 98% of the patients were performed while that between 48-72 hours alone to 74%. The most common initial tomographic CT findings have been: 49% lucency of more than 1/3 of middle cerebral artery territory, without alteration 46%, 8% cerebral edema data and 8% midline deviation. Hemorrhagic

  13. Entre héroes y traidores: Sentidos militares y militantes acerca del rol de los conscriptos en los años 70 Entre heróis e traidores: Sentidos militares e militantes sobre o papel dos recrutas nos anos 70 Between heroes and traitors: Military and militant meanings regarding conscripts' role in the 70s

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Santiago Garaño

    2011-07-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo analizaremos cómo las autoridades militares argentinas concibieron el rol que los conscriptos debían jugar en la autodenominada "lucha contra la subversión", en el contexto de violencia política previo al golpe de estado del 24 de marzo de 1976. En primer lugar, mostraremos que los soldados que cumplían el servicio militar obligatorio fueron interpelados no sólo por el Ejército sino también por el PRT-ERP, apelando en ambos casos a los valores morales del 'heroísmo' y del 'sacrificio' de la propia vida. En segundo lugar, argumentaremos que el personal militar fundó una lógica binaria "héroe"-"traidor" como parámetro para juzgar moralmente las conductas de los conscriptos. Por último, postularemos que se apuntaló ese código moral utilizando ideas de pureza, contaminación y peligro.Neste trabalho analisaremos como, nos anos setenta, as autoridades militares argentinas conceberam o papel que os soldados deviam desempenhar na autodenominada "luta contra a subversão", no contexto da violência política prévio ao golpe de estado acontecido no dia 24 de março de 1976. Em primeiro lugar, mostraremos que os recrutas foram interpelados não só por parte do exército, mas também pelo PRT-ERP, apelando em ambos os casos ao valor moral do 'heroísmo' e do 'sacrifício' da própria vida. Em segundo lugar, argumentaremos que os militares se apoiaram em uma lógica binária de "herói" - "traidor" como parâmetro para julgar moralmente as condutas dos recrutas, e afirmaremos que esse código moral foi sustentado através de ideias de pureza, contaminação e perigo.In this article we analyze the different ways in which, during the 70s, the Argentinean military authorities conceived the role that soldiers should play in the "struggle against subversion" in a context of political violence before the military coup on March 24 th 1976. To begin with, we expose that the conscripts serving the Compulsory Military Service were

  14. Helical CT scan for emergent patients with cerebrovascular diseases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Matsumoto, Masato; Sato, Naoki; Nakano, Masayuki; Watanabe, Youichi; Kodama, Namio

    1995-01-01

    We studied 44 emergent patients with cerebrovascular diseases (18 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage, 15 of occlusive lesions, 7 of intracerebral hematoma and 4 of suspected subarachnoid hemorrhage) using helical CT scan. The helical CT scan was performed with contrast medium at a rate of 3 ml/sec with a delay of 20 sec, and was carried out before conventional angiography. The reconstruction time of 3D-CTA was within 10 min. We were able to obtain findings for the lesion on 3D-CTA before those on conventional angiography. The 3D-CTA yielded excellent images of the vascular structures and anatomical relationships of the aneurysm, its neck and parent artery, and surrounding arteries. However, it proved difficult to visualize vessels of less than 1 mm in diameter, especially the perforating arteries. In occlusive diseases, the degree of stenosis depended on the changes in CT number threshold: at present, evaluations of the lesions should be made by conventional angiography. 3D-CTA using helical CT scan can thus be applied for emergent patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Surgical simulation images of 3D-CTA were especially useful at the time of operation. (author)

  15. Helical CT scan for emergent patients with cerebrovascular diseases

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Matsumoto, Masato; Sato, Naoki; Nakano, Masayuki; Watanabe, Youichi; Kodama, Namio [Fukushima Medical Coll. (Japan)

    1995-08-01

    We studied 44 emergent patients with cerebrovascular diseases (18 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage, 15 of occlusive lesions, 7 of intracerebral hematoma and 4 of suspected subarachnoid hemorrhage) using helical CT scan. The helical CT scan was performed with contrast medium at a rate of 3 ml/sec with a delay of 20 sec, and was carried out before conventional angiography. The reconstruction time of 3D-CTA was within 10 min. We were able to obtain findings for the lesion on 3D-CTA before those on conventional angiography. The 3D-CTA yielded excellent images of the vascular structures and anatomical relationships of the aneurysm, its neck and parent artery, and surrounding arteries. However, it proved difficult to visualize vessels of less than 1 mm in diameter, especially the perforating arteries. In occlusive diseases, the degree of stenosis depended on the changes in CT number threshold: at present, evaluations of the lesions should be made by conventional angiography. 3D-CTA using helical CT scan can thus be applied for emergent patients with cerebrovascular diseases. Surgical simulation images of 3D-CTA were especially useful at the time of operation. (author).

  16. Estudio sobre la habilidad del cuidado de los cuidadores primarios de personas adultas discapacitadas por enfermedad cerebrovascular, asistentes al servicio de consulta externa del hospital universitario erasmo meoz y centro de rehabilitación del norte de santander

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Olga Marina Vega-Angarita

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available This study must like intention it describes the abilities of well-taken care of the primary caretakers of people in situation of chronic disease with secondary discapacidad to disease to cerebrovascular of the North of Santander, by means of the application of instrument CAI (Caring Hability Inventory, Proposed by doctor Ngozi Or Nkongho with the intention of quantifying the degree of ability of taken care of a person to take care of to another one. The design applied in the study was cross-sectional descriptive type with quantitative boarding in 70 participant primary caretakers in the external advisory service of the University Hospital Erasmo Meoz and Center de Rehabilitación. The found results make evident that on the ability of single total care a 30% count on the ability required for the care delivery, remaining percentage 70% present/display deficiencies in the roll.

  17. Tomography methods for diagnostic examination of cerebrovascular disease: a comparative evaluation of SPECT, PET and MR/CT findings

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Reiche, W.; Kaiser, H.J.; Weiller, C.; Altehoefer, C.; Buell, U.; Isensee, C.

    1991-01-01

    Single Photon Emissions Computerized Tomography (SPECT), Positron Emissions Tomography (PET), Magnetic Resonance Tomography (MR), and Transmission Computerized Tomography (CT) complement each other and lead to a consideration of the cerebrovascular disease under patho-physiological aspects. Indications for the combined application of functionally oriented (SPECT/PET) and morphologically oriented (CT/MR) examination methods with cerebrovascular disease are presented. (orig./MG) [de

  18. Mortality in hyperglycemic crisis: a high association with infections and cerebrovascular disease.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ekpebegh, C; Longo-Mbenza, B

    2013-06-01

    Aim of the present study was to determine syndrome specific mortality rates and the precipitating factors associated with deaths following admission for hyperglycemic crisis to a high care unit. Retrospective review of medical records for hyperglycemic crisis at Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital, Mthatha, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa from February 1 2010 to January 31 2011. All admissions were initially into the high care unit. The overall mortality rates (per admissions) was 13.9% (N.=15/108) with syndrome specific mortality rates (per admissions) of 11.9% (N.=8/67), 0% (N.=0/8) and 21.2% (N.=7/33) respectively for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) and hyperglycemia with dehydration (HD). The precipitating factors that were mainly associated with mortality were infections and cerebrovascular disease (CVD). The patients with CVD who died were all unconscious. There were no deaths where non-compliance with hypoglycaemic agents (14.8%, N.=16/108) was the precipitating factor. The overall mortality rates (per admissions) following high care unit admissions for hyperglycemic crisis was 13.9% with infections and CVD as the precipitating factors most associated with deaths.

  19. La conservación de los fondos del Archivo del Tribunal Militar Territorial Segundo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joaquín Gil Honduvilla

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo describe el proceso por el que los fondos del archivo del Tribunal Militar Territorial Segundo fueron objeto de un convenio colaboración entre el Ministerio de Defensa, la Consejería de la Presidencia de la Junta de Andalucía y la Fundación Centro de Estudios Andaluces para su informatización y conservación. Se muestra la importancia del archivo, así como su organización y la legislación por la que se rige. El interés de la administración autonómica por colaborar en la ordenación de esta documentación no puede disociarse tampoco del proceso de recuperación de memoria histórica que existe actualmente en nuestra sociedad._____________________ABSTRACT:This work describes the process which led to the fact that the funds of the archive of the Tribunal Militar Territorial Segundo (The Second Territorial Military Tribunal became the object of a collaboration agreement between the Ministry of Defence, the Consejería de la Presidencia (Regional Ministry of Presidency of Junta de Andalucía and the Fundación Centro de Estudios Andaluces (Centre of Andalusian Studies Foundation concerning its computerisation and maintenance. The paper shows the importance of the archive, as well as its organisation and the laws it is subject to. The interest of the autonomous public administration in collaborating in the organisation of that documentation cannot be separated from the process of recuperation of the historical memory which is present in our society today.  

  20. A report on results of brain checkup (Brain Dock) in Hiroshima General Hospital of West Japan Railway Company

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kouno, Yuko; Miyamoto, Haruko; Asaoku, Yoshiko; Sakuma, Kazuyo; Takata, Kohki

    2008-01-01

    The brain checkup system (Brain Dock) employing head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography (MRA) has been prevailing only in Japan. Although detection of cerebral and cerebrovascular disorders in the early stage by MR may be expected to prevent their sequelae, the significance and the management of the abnormalities observed on MR images have not been sufficiently established. We investigated whether several medical risk factors might influence the occurrence of early ischemic cerebrovascular changes such as lacuna stroke. From April 2004 to August 2006, in our hospital, we examined 281 cases undergoing head MRI and MRA in addition to ordinary medical checkups. Of those, 159 cases (56.6%) were found normal, and 122 cases (43.4%) were observed to have some abnormalities on the MR images. The most common abnormality was sinusitis (n=41, 14.6%) and the second was ischemic cerebrovascular changes (n=38, 13.5%). The third was unidentified bright objects (UBOs) (n=30, 10.7%), the pathological significance of which is unclear. Ischemic cerebrovascular changes and UBOs tended to increase with age. The medical checkup data were compared between two groups. One group consisted of 38 cases having ischemic cerebrovascular changes on the MR images. The other, normal, group consisted of 195 cases with no notable cerebral or vascular abnormalities. The level of age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c were significantly higher in the cerebral ischemia group as compared to those in the normal group. By logistic regression analysis, the increases of age, blood pressure and FPG were related respectively to the incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular changes, whereas the increase of HbA1c did not reach statistical significance. The results indicate that increase in age, blood pressure or FPG is an independent risk factor of ischemic cerebrovascular changes. We suggest that strict control of blood pressure and plasma glucose level may

  1. Development of a Delivery System for Treating Cerebrovascular Aneurysms Final Report CRADA No. TC-1440-97

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Lee, A. [Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States); Derbin, J. T. [Micrus Corp., Mountain View, CA (United States)

    2018-01-24

    The objective of the project was to develop a system for delivering an implantable medical device used to treat cerebrovascular aneurysms, which can cause disability or hemorrhagic stroke (over 15,000 strokes in the U.S. each year are caused by ruptured aneurysms). Micrus has developed an implantable device with the potential to significantly improve the treatment of cerebrovascular aneurysms. This implantable device should significantly reduce the number of hemorrhagic strokes. LLNL has performed proof-of-concept experiments for a delivery system that could be modified to deploy the Micrus device into aneurysms. The purpose of this CRADA was to complete development of the LLNL delivery system and to integrate it with the Micrus device. The goal of the project was to develop an integrated minimally-invasive medical device for treating cerebrovascular aneurysms. The device was designed to access aneurysms through commercially-available catheters which are introduced into the patient through a small incision in the leg.

  2. Is outdoor work associated with elevated rates of cerebrovascular disease mortality? A cohort study based on iron-ore mining.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Björ, Ove; Jonsson, Håkan; Damber, Lena; Burström, Lage; Nilsson, Tohr

    2016-01-01

    A cohort study that examined iron ore mining found negative associations between cumulative working time employed underground and several outcomes, including mortality of cerebrovascular diseases. In this cohort study, and using the same group of miners, we examined whether work in an outdoor environment could explain elevated cerebrovascular disease rates. This study was based on a Swedish iron ore mining cohort consisting of 13,000 workers. Poisson regression models were used to generate smoothed estimates of standardized mortality ratios and adjusted rate ratios, both models by cumulative exposure time in outdoor work. The adjusted rate ratio between employment classified as outdoor work ≥25 years and outdoor work 0-4 years was 1.62 (95 % CI 1.07-2.42). The subgroup underground work ≥15 years deviated most in occurrence of cerebrovascular disease mortality compared with the external reference population: SMR (0.70 (95 % CI 0.56-0.85)). Employment in outdoor environments was associated with elevated rates of cerebrovascular disease mortality. In contrast, work in tempered underground employment was associated with a protecting effect.

  3. The Militarization of Mass Incapacitation and Torture during the Sunni Insurgency and American Occupation of Iraq

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    John L. Hagan

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available While scholars and journalists have focused important attention on the recent militarization of intensive policing and imprisonment policies in the United States, there is little reciprocal recognition of how militarized versions of these policies were also exported for use in the occupation of Iraq. Intensive policing and imprisonment enabled the American-led and Shia-dominated Iraq Ministries of Defense and Interior along with U.S. forces to play significant roles in the ethnic cleansing and displacement of Arab Sunnis from Baghdad neighborhoods, and in their disproportionate detention in military- and militia-operated facilities, of which the Abu Ghraib prison is only the best known. The failure of American authorities alone and working with Iraq’s government to intervene in stopping the use of police and prisons as places of torture is a violation of U.N.-invoked and U.S.-ratified treaties, and thereby subject to prosecution. Such prosecutions have imported into international law the concept of “joint criminal enterprise” anticipated by the criminologist Donald Cressey and incorporated in the American Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO statutes used to convict organized criminals. We elaborate how the concept of joint criminal enterprise can be used to understand and possibly prosecute a chain of command responsibility for the use of policing and prisons as sites of torture in Iraq. We analyze the previously neglected international consequences of U.S. policing, prison, and mass incapacitation strategies with links to American criminology.

  4. The War on Drugs in Colombia: The Environment, the Treadmill of Destruction and Risk-Transfer Militarism

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Chad L. Smith

    2015-08-01

    Full Text Available Ecological damage, including global climate change, is commonly connected to practices and behaviors associated with economic activity and the Treadmill of Production (ToP. Less attention is paid to the connection between the military and environmental degradation, but recently the Treadmill of Destruction (ToD has been documented as a global phenomenon with negative environmental effects. The ToD directly and indirectly contributes to environmental problems on many fronts, but one of the least obvious means by which the U.S. military influences the environment is through its policies supporting the "war on drugs. " The U.S. military aids Latin American countries, particularly Colombia, in the war on drugs in a number of capacities, including military support and training, weaponry, fumigation of crops, and logistical and surveillance support. The effort of the United States to curb the proliferation of illegal drug crops in Colombia is the most direct role that the military has played in this effort. Within the context of the "war on drugs" the United States is now engaged in risk-transfer militarism in which the consequences of this military action are borne by the Global South. We document the scope, magnitude, and consequences of the ToD in the war on drugs and the ways it negatively impacts the environment. Our argument reframes the ToD by emphasizing the role of risk-transfer militarism within the emergence of "new" wars as represented in the case of Colombia.

  5. Los costos de la expedición militar a Chile, 1815-1818

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Beatriz Bragoni

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo explora las estrategias utilizadas para financiar la creación y el sostenimiento del Ejército de los Andes y los instrumentos fiscales utilizados para conseguirlo. El análisis de los distintos rubros que integraban las cajas del ejército permite examinar el peso de los recursos aportados por el gobierno central y por la jurisdicción cuyana. Asimismo, analiza el destino de los fondos a través del estudio de los presupuestos del ejército, con el objetivo de ponderar el peso que tuvieron los salarios en el total de los gastos militares durante la etapa previa al cruce de los Andes, y en la posterior, cuando el ejército estaba en Chile bajo severas condiciones fiscales de los gobiernos patriotas.

  6. Estado, educação e tecnocracia na ditadura civil-militar brasileira

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávio Reis dos Santos

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo das breves considerações que efetuamos neste trabalho encontra-se na análise da ordem econômica burguesa com a perspectiva de compreender a sua atuação na utilização do Estado em defesa e na imposição de seus interesses à sociedade brasileira e na apropriação do campo educacional como instrumento de difusão e reprodução de sua ideologia por meio da formulação e implementação de políticas públicas com vistas à obtenção de hegemonia, a partir do golpe de 1964 e da instituição do Regime de Ditadura Civil-Militar no Brasil.

  7. Central respiratory chemosensitivity and cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity: a rebreathing demonstration illustrating integrative human physiology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    MacKay, Christina M; Skow, Rachel J; Tymko, Michael M; Boulet, Lindsey M; Davenport, Margie H; Steinback, Craig D; Ainslie, Philip N; Lemieux, Chantelle C M; Day, Trevor A

    2016-03-01

    One of the most effective ways of engaging students of physiology and medicine is through laboratory demonstrations and case studies that combine 1) the use of equipment, 2) problem solving, 3) visual representations, and 4) manipulation and interpretation of data. Depending on the measurements made and the type of test, laboratory demonstrations have the added benefit of being able to show multiple organ system integration. Many research techniques can also serve as effective demonstrations of integrative human physiology. The "Duffin" hyperoxic rebreathing test is often used in research settings as a test of central respiratory chemosensitivity and cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2. We aimed to demonstrate the utility of the hyperoxic rebreathing test for both respiratory and cerebrovascular responses to increases in CO2 and illustrate the integration of the respiratory and cerebrovascular systems. In the present article, methods such as spirometry, respiratory gas analysis, and transcranial Doppler ultrasound are described, and raw data traces can be adopted for discussion in a tutorial setting. If educators have these instruments available, instructions on how to carry out the test are provided so students can collect their own data. In either case, data analysis and quantification are discussed, including principles of linear regression, calculation of slope, the coefficient of determination (R(2)), and differences between plotting absolute versus normalized data. Using the hyperoxic rebreathing test as a demonstration of the complex interaction and integration between the respiratory and cerebrovascular systems provides senior undergraduate, graduate, and medical students with an advanced understanding of the integrative nature of human physiology. Copyright © 2016 The American Physiological Society.

  8. Contribution of physical fitness, cerebrovascular reserve and cognitive stimulation to cognitive function in postmenopausal women

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gail A Eskes

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Studies of the effects of physical fitness on cognition suggest that exercise can improve cognitive abilities in healthy older adults, as well as delay the onset of age-related cognitive decline. The mechanisms for the positive benefit of exercise and how these effects interact with other variables known to influence cognitive function (e.g., involvement in cognitive activities are less well understood. The current study examined the associations between the physical fitness, cerebrovascular blood flow regulation and involvement in cognitive activities with neuropsychological function in healthy postmenopausal women. Methods: Forty-two healthy women between the ages of 55 and 90 were recruited. Physical fitness (V˙ o2max, cerebrovascular reserve (cerebral blood flow during rest and response to an increase in end-tidal (i.e., arterial PCO2, and cognitive activity (self-reported number and hours of involvement in cognitive activities were assessed. The association of these variables with neuropsychological performance was examined through linear regression. Results: Physical fitness, cerebrovascular reserve and total number of cognitive activities (but not total hours were independent predictors of cognitive function, particularly measures of overall cognitive performance, attention and executive function. In addition, prediction of neuropsychological performance was better with multiple variables than each alone. Conclusions: Cognitive function in older adults is associated with multiple factors, including physical fitness, cerebrovascular health and cognitive stimulation. Interestingly, cognitive stimulation effects appear related more to the diversity of activities, rather than the duration of activity. Further examination of these relationships is ongoing in a prospective cohort study.

  9. Pascua Militar: las órdenes del Rey a las Fuerzas Armadas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Ballenilla y García de Gamarra

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available La Pascua Militar constituye un so-lemne acto castrense presidido por S.M. el Rey al que asisten la Familia Real y las primeras autoridades del Estado. Por su carácter marca-damente institucional, el discurso del Rey es el más relevante de los que se dirigen a las Fuer-zas Armadas. En este trabajo se analiza la evo-lución del citado discurso en las últimas cuatro décadas, los elementos que centran su conteni-do, su relación con el papel que ejerce el Rey como Jefe Supremo de las Fuerzas Armadas, y los acontecimientos que afectan a los Ejércitos y la Defensa Nacional.Palabras clave: Discurso, Análisis, Pascua Mili-tar, Rey, Fuerzas Armadas, Constitución, Transi-ción, Terrorismo._______________ 800x600 Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";} The “Pascua Militar” is a solemn mili-tary ceremony presided by HM The King at-tended by the Royal Family and the highest authorities of the state. The importance of this institutional event becomes the King’s speech as the most relevant of which are addressed to the Armed Forces. In this paper we analyse the evolution of that discourse in the last four dec-ades, we identify the elements that focus their content, it relationship to the role played by the King as Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and the events affecting them and Na-tional Defence.Keywords: Speech, Analysis, King, Armed Forc-es, Constitution, Political change, Terrorism. Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4

  10. Adesão a diretrizes e impacto nos desfechos em pacientes hospitalizados por pneumonia adquirida na comunidade em um hospital universitário Adherence to guidelines and its impact on outcomes in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia at a university hospital

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carla Discacciati Silveira

    2012-04-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Avaliar a concordância entre os critérios de hospitalização utilizados para a admissão de pacientes com pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (PAC e aqueles da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia e avaliar a associação dessa concordância com a taxa de mortalidade em 30 dias. Secundariamente, avaliar a associação da concordância entre o tratamento instituído e as recomendações dessas diretrizes com duração da internação hospitalar, investigação microbiológica, mortalidade em 12 meses, complicações, internação em UTI, ventilação mecânica e mortalidade em 30 dias. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo que incluiu pacientes adultos internados entre 2005 e 2007 no Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, na cidade de Belo Horizonte (MG. Foram revisados prontuários e radiografias de tórax. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 112 pacientes incluídos, os critérios de internação e de tratamento foram concordantes com as diretrizes em 82 (73,2% e 66 (58,9%, respectivamente. A taxa de mortalidade em 30 dias e em 12 meses foi de 12,3% e 19,4%, respectivamente. Pacientes com escore de CRP-65 (Confusão mental, frequência Respiratória, Pressão arterial e idade > 65 anos de 1-2 e com antibioticoterapia concordante com as diretrizes foram associados a menor mortalidade em 30 dias (p = 0,01. Doença cerebrovascular e tratamento antibiótico adequado apresentaram associações independentes com mortalidade em 30 dias. Houve uma tendência de associação entre antibioticoterapia concordante e menor duração da internação hospitalar. CONCLUSÕES: Na população estudada, os critérios de hospitalização e de antibioticoterapia concordantes com as diretrizes associaram-se a desfechos favoráveis do tratamento de pacientes hospitalizados com PAC. Doença cerebrovascular, como fator de risco, e antibioticoterapia concordante, como fator protetor, associaram-se à mortalidade em 30 dias.OBJECTIVE: To

  11. Therapeutic itineraries for patients with cerebrovascular accident: fragmentation of care in a regionalized health network

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Márcia Cristina Rodrigues Fausto

    Full Text Available Abstract Objectives: to analyze the itineraries of patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA in the Interstate health region in San Francisco Valley. Methods: this study uses the qualitative approach through the construction of Therapeutic Itineraries (IT. In the IT mapping the observation was prioritized on the different points and forms to access health service in search of care. Results: sixteen semi-structured interviews with healthcare users were conducted. There were diverse forms to access and provide services at the Rede Interestadual de Atenção à Saúde do Vale do Médio São Francisco-PEBA (Interstate Healthcare Network Region in the San Francisco Valley, which could be characterized by disorganized and uncoordinated care in the analyzed cases, despite the guarantee of hospital care. The Primary Health Care (APS teams are present at a care point with most of the patients' itineraries, however, little integration to the regionalized network and they were unable to perform their functions and coordinate the care. It is observed pilgrimage assistance, fragmented care and difficulties in receiving care after post hospitalization which is essential for the patients’ rehabilitation. Conclusions: traces of fragments of the regional health system are important warning signs that points out fragility in PEBA and demonstrate persistent gaps in the public health system to fulfil the responsibility and guarantee individuals’ right for health.

  12. Blood pressure, risk of ischemic cerebrovascular and ischemic heart disease, and longevity in alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Dahl, Morten; Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne; Sillesen, Henrik

    2003-01-01

    Because elastase in alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency may attack elastin in the arterial wall, we tested whether alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency is associated with reduced blood pressure, risk of ischemic cerebrovascular (ICVD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD), and longevity.......Because elastase in alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency may attack elastin in the arterial wall, we tested whether alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency is associated with reduced blood pressure, risk of ischemic cerebrovascular (ICVD) and ischemic heart disease (IHD), and longevity....

  13. Effect of breath holding on cerebrovascular hemodynamics in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    van Veen, Teelkien R.; Panerai, Ronney B.; Haeri, Sina; Zeeman, Gerda G.; Belfort, Michael A.

    2015-01-01

    Preeclampsia (PE) is associated with endothelial dysfunction and impaired autonomic function, which is hypothesized to cause cerebral hemodynamic abnormalities. Our aim was to test this hypothesis by estimating the difference in the cerebrovascular response to breath holding (BH; known to cause

  14. Las actividades militares de los buques de guerra de terceros Estados en los espacios marítimos de soberanía o jurisdicción del Estado ribereño

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Miguel Ángel Franco García

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available La presencia estatal en la mar, se hace ostensible fundamentalmente a través de los buques de guerra, cuyo particular régimen jurídico, condiciona su modo de ser y estar en dicho medio. Además, hace necesario conciliar el ejercicio de las actividades militares llevadas a efecto por los buques de guerra pertenecientes a terceros Estados, con los derechos que ostentan los Estados ribereños en los espacios marítimos sometidos a su soberanía o jurisdicción. La cuestión relativa a la conformidad o no a Derecho de las actividades militares desarrolladas por los buques de guerra de terceros Estados en las aguas interiores, el mar territorial, y la zona económica exclusiva del Estado ribereño dista mucho de ser pacífica en la doctrina y en la práctica internacional. Los usos militares del mar por terceros Estados, cuando se proyectan sobre las aguas interiores y el mar territorial del Estado ribereño, aparecen limitados por el ejercicio de la soberanía por parte de este último, en dichas aguas. Sin embargo, en la zona económica exclusiva del ribereño, partiendo del silencio que guarda en este punto la Convención de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Derecho del Mar, las actividades militares realizadas por otros Estados, han de considerarse internacionalmente legítimas, de manera que, sólo resultarían ilegítimas si, atendiendo al supuesto concreto planteado, aquéllas contravinieran alguna de sus disposiciones

  15. “Dreams Don’t Come True in Eritrea”: Anomie and Family Disintegration due to the Structural Militarization of Society

    OpenAIRE

    Nicole Hirt

    2010-01-01

    This article analyzes contemporary Eritrea's acute crisis within the framework of the theory of anomie. It is based on the hypothesis that militarization, forced labor, mass exodus, and family disintegration can be interpreted as the consequences of two incompatible norm and value systems: the collectivist, nationalistic, and militaristic worldview of the former liberation front and ruling party People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ), and the traditional cultural system of Eritrea's ...

  16. Anton's syndrome due to cerebrovascular disease: a case report

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maddula Mohana

    2009-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Introduction Anton's syndrome describes the condition in which patients deny their blindness despite objective evidence of visual loss, and moreover confabulate to support their stance. It is a rare extension of cortical blindness in which, in addition to the injury to the occipital cortex, other cortical centres are also affected, with patients typically behaving as if they were sighted. Case presentation We present a case report of an 83-year-old white woman with cortical blindness as a result of bilateral occipital lobe infarcts. Despite her obvious blindness, illustrated by her walking into objects, the patient expressed denial of visual loss and demonstrated confabulation in her accounts of her surroundings, consistent with a diagnosis of Anton's syndrome. Conclusions A suspicion of cortical blindness and Anton's syndrome should be considered in patients with atypical visual loss and evidence of occipital lobe injury. Cerebrovascular disease is the most common cause of Anton's syndrome, as in our patient. However, any condition that may result in cortical blindness can potentially lead to Anton's syndrome. Recovery of visual function will depend on the underlying aetiology, with cases due to occipital lobe infarction after cerebrovascular events being less likely to result in complete recovery. Management in these circumstances should accordingly focus on secondary prevention and rehabilitation.

  17. Processamento auditivo de militares expostos a ruído ocupacional Auditory processing of servicemen exposed to occupational noise

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carla Cassandra de Souza Santos

    2008-03-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: avaliar o processamento auditivo de militares expostos a ruído ocupacional. MÉTODOS: foram avaliados 41 militares, com exposição a ruído superior a 10 anos, subdivididos em Grupo A (n =16, sem perda auditiva e Grupo B (n = 25, com perda auditiva. Foram realizadas avaliação audiológica básica e testes de processamento auditivo (testes de Fala Filtrada, SSW em Português e de Padrão de Freqüência. RESULTADOS: observou-se altas incidências de alteração de processamento auditivo, especialmente no teste de Fala Filtrada (43,75% e 68% nos grupos A e B, respectivamente e teste de Padrão de Freqüência (68,75% e 48%, nos grupos A e B, respectivamente. O teste SSW não se mostrou eficiente para avaliar as habilidades auditivas centrais de indivíduos expostos a elevados níveis de pressão sonora. CONCLUSÃO: a exposição a ruído ocupacional interfere no processamento auditivo de militares. As alterações na via auditiva central podem ser verificadas independente da presença de alteração auditiva periférica.PURPOSE: to evaluate the auditory processing of military personnel exposed to occupational noise. METHODS: 41 servicemen, exposed to noise for at least 10 years were evaluated, divided into Group A (n= 16, without hearing loss and Group B (n= 25, with hearing loss. The following evaluations were carried through: basic audilogic evaluation and auditory processing tests (low-filtered, SSW and Pitch Pattern Sequence tests. RESULTS: there were high incidences of auditory processing alterations, especially at low-filtered test (43.75% and 68% on groups A e B, respectively and Pitch Pattern Sequence test (68.75% and 48%, on groups A e B, respectively. The SSW test was not efficient to evaluate the central hearing abilities of people exposed to high levels of sound pressure. CONCLUSION: the occupational noise exposure interferes in the auditory processing of military personnel. The alterations on central auditory pathways

  18. MAPK signaling pathway regulates cerebrovascular receptor expression in human cerebral arteries

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ansar, Saema; Eftekhari, Sajedeh; Waldsee, Roya

    2013-01-01

    if the upregulation of contractile cerebrovascular receptors after 48 h of organ culture of human cerebral arteries involves MAPK pathways and if it can be prevented by a MEK1/2 inhibitor. Human cerebral arteries were obtained from patients undergoing intracranial tumor surgery. The vessels were divided into ring...

  19. Neuroimaging correlates of cognitive functioning in cerebrovascular disease

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández-Andújar, Marina

    2014-01-01

    [spa] Los accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) son la tercera causa más común de muerte y la causa principal de discapacidad en adultos en los países desarrollados (Carmichael, 2012; Organización Mundial de la Salud, 2004). Concretamente, el ictus isquémico y las lesiones de sustancia blanca (LSB) frecuentemente dan lugar a múltiples secuelas neurológicas, deterioro cognitivo y alteraciones conductuales y emocionales (Gorelick et al., 2011; Troncoso et al., 2008). Los ACV son responsables de d...

  20. “Já era uma perseguição velada”: narrativas de discriminação homofóbica no contexto militar em perspectiva interacionista

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávia Huber Costa

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Parte de uma pesquisa mais ampla que tem como foco narrativas sobre discriminação homofóbica em contexto militar, o presente artigo se debruça sobre a materialidade discursiva de uma entrevista de pesquisa com um militar do Exército brasileiro que se identifica como gay. A análise, de natureza qualitativa e interpretativista, se dá em perspectiva micro-interacional e a partir do arcabouço teórico da análise de narrativa (BASTOS, 2003; 2008; AUTOR, 2015; DE FINA, 2009 e das noções de estigma e face (GOFFMAN, 1959; 1988. Os resultados descrevem elementos estruturais e avaliativos centrais de tais narrativas, que em geral se referem a eventos de punição disciplinar cuja motivação última teria sido discriminatória. A partir dessas histórias, os interlocutores realizam ações conjuntas nas quais: (i produzem accounts para as punições disciplinares narradas que isentam o entrevistado de responsabilidade; (ii constroem um significado moral negativo para essas punições, definidas como perseguições homofóbicas; (iii atribuem responsabilidade sobre os eventos narrados de forma difusa ou individual, salvaguardando a instituição militar. Para além de seus compromissos teóricos, o trabalho busca contribuir de forma aplicada para a construção de entendimentos sobre contextos em que performances identitárias da vida social de indivíduos impactam suas relações e avaliações profissionais e institucionais.

  1. Clinical significance of the dynamic changes of serum IGF-1 levels in patients with acute cerebro-vascular accident

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Chen Yujuan; Liu Xueyuan; Bian Weihong; Du Xinlu; Yang Hongyan

    2006-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the dynamic changes of serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident. Methods: Serum IGF-1 levels were determined with RIA in 40 patients with cerebral infarction, 20 patients with lacunar infarcts and 40 patients with cerebral haemorrhage within 3days after onset and on d14 as well as in 30 controls. Results: The serum IGF-1 levels in patients with cerebral vascular accidents were significantly lower than those in controls (P 0.05). Conclusion: Serum levels of IGF-1 dropped markedly during the acute stage after cerebrovascular accident and the magnitude might reflect the severity of the event, IGF-1 might be capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier after cerebrovascular accident and providing some protection against nerve injury, this fact might be of potential clinical applicability. (authors)

  2. PET in cerebrovascular disease; PET bei zerebrovaskulaeren Erkrankungen

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Herholz, K. [Neurologische Universitaetsklinik der Univ. Koeln (Germany)]|[Max-Planck-Institut fuer Neurologische Forschung, Koeln (Germany)

    1997-03-01

    Tissue viability is of particular interest in acute cerebral ischemia because it may be preserved if reperfusion can be achieved rapidly, e.g. by acute thrombolysis. Measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen consumption by PET can assess tissue viability, and they have substantially increased our knowledge of th pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and the associated penumbra. Widerspread clinical application in acute stroke, however, is unlikely because of the large logistic and personnel resources required. In chronic cerebrovascular disease, measurement of regional CBF and glucose metabolism, which is usually coupled, provide detailed insights in disturbance of cortical function, e.g. due to deafferentiation, and contribute to differentiation of dementia types. Chronic misery perfusion, i.e. reduced perfusion that does not match the metabolic demand of the tissue, can be demonstrated by PET. It may be found in some patients with high-grade arterial stenoses. Less severe impairment of brain perfusion can be demonstrated by measurement of the cerebrovascular reserve capacity. The most frequent clinical situations can be assessed by less demanding procedures, e.g. by SPECT. In conclusion, PET has its role in cerebrovascular disease primarily within scientific studies, where high resolution and absolute quantitation of physiological variables are essential. (orig.). 65 refs. [Deutsch] Beim akuten ischaemischen Insult ist die Vitalitaet des Gewebes von besonderem Interesse, da sie durch rasche Reperfusion, z.B. durch Thrombolyse, erhalten bleiben kann. Messungen der zerebralen Durchblutung und des Sauerstoffumsatzes mittels PET geben darueber wesentliche Aufschluesse, und sie sind wichtig fuer das Verstaendnis der Pathophysiologie ischaemischer Infarkte und der Penumbra mit kritischer Perfusion beim Menschen. Ihre breitere Anwendung in der klinischen Patientenversorgung kommt allerdings wegen des hohen Aufwandes derzeit kaum in Betracht. Bei

  3. El espectáculo del cuerpo militarizado O espetáculo do corpo militarizado The spectacle of the militarized body

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Raumar Rodríguez Giménez

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo forma parte de una investigación en la que se indaga sobre las particularidades de la Educación Física en la dictadura cívico-militar del Uruguay (1973-1985. En este período, la solidaridad históricamente constituida entre la Educación Física y lo militar se actualiza en el intento de dar legitimidad al régimen de gobierno: mostrar los logros y los alcances del mismo ha implicado, entre otras cosas, apelar a grandes espectáculos de gimnasia realizados en estadios deportivos y a la participación masiva de estudiantes en torneos atléticos. La retórica corporal a la que se apela muestra su cómoda relación con lo militar. Las imágenes que se muestran en este trabajo, puestas en relación con algunos aspectos de los programas de enseñanza primaria y media, ofrecen algunas pistas para estudiar la relación entre lo que se enseña en una clase de Educación Física y su utilización política.This work is part of an investigation about the particularities of the Physical Education during the Uruguayan civic-military dictatorship (1973-1985. In this period, the historically constituted solidarity between Physical education and the military realm is updated by the attempt to legitimate the government regime: showing it's accomplishments and reaches by the appeal to great gymnastic spectacles taken place in stadiums, and the massive participation of students in athletic competitions. The rhetoric of body which is constructed is in comfortable relation with the military institution. In relation to some characteristics of primary and secondary education programs, the images shown in this work offer some clues to study the relation between what is taught in a Physical education class and its political use.

  4. ‘This place isn't worth the left boot of one of our boys’: Geopolitics, militarism and memoirs of the Afghanistan war

    Science.gov (United States)

    Woodward, Rachel; Jenkings, K. Neil

    2012-01-01

    This paper argues for the continued significance of the text as a source and focus in critical geopolitical inquiry. It establishes the utility of the military memoir in explorations of popular contemporary geopolitical imaginaries, and considers the memoir as a vector of militarism. The paper examines the memoirs written by military personnel about service in Afghanistan with the British armed forces, specifically about deployments to Helmand province between 2006 and 2012. The paper explores how Afghanistan is scripted through these texts, focussing on the explanations for deployment articulated by their authors, on the representations they contain and promote about other combatants and about civilian non-combatants, and the constitution and expression of danger in the spaces and places of military action which these texts construct and convey. The paper then turns to consider how a reading of the military memoir with reference to the genre of testimonio might extend and inform our understanding and use of these texts as a source for exploring popular geopolitics and militarism. PMID:23805031

  5. Impaired dynamic cerebrovascular response to hypercapnia predicts development of white matter hyperintensities

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    Kevin Sam

    2016-01-01

    Conclusions: Vascular impairment in regions of NAWM that progresses to WMH consists not only of decreased magnitude of ssCVR, but also a pathological decrease in the speed of vascular response. These findings support the association between cerebrovascular dysregulation and the development of WMH.

  6. Militares galaicos en las cohortes pretorianas = Galician soldiers among praetorian cohorts

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    Narciso Santos Yanguas

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Los galaicos que tomaron parte en las tropas asentadas en la capital del Imperio, como oficiales y simples pretorianos, contribuirían a reforzar el poder del emperador. Al parecer la mayoría de estos galaicos pretorianos desempeñarían su actividad militar en el siglo II. Se trataba de personas jóvenes, algunos de los cuales podían reengancharse en el servicio y protección de la figura imperial.The Galician among the imperial troops in the capital, either as officers or base soldiers, would have contributed to strengthening imperial power. As it seems, the majority of these Praetorian Galicians carried out their duties during the second century AD. In most cases they were young, this being a fact that allowed some of them to re-enlist with the aim of protecting the emperor.

  7. ANTIPLATELET THERAPY IN THE PREVENTION OF CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS

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    O. V. Rodionova

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Currently the problem of preventing cerebrovascular disorders, in which antiplatelet therapy takes one of the leading places, remains relevant. The efficiency of the therapy depends on a large number of modifiable and non-modifiable factors. There are many methods to assess the severity of the response to antiplatelet therapy, but there is no common approach to the assessment of the results and their prognostic significance. Further studies of this issue are essential with the aim of individualization of antiplatelet therapy thereby increasing its efficiency and safety.

  8. Militarized humanitarianism meets carceral feminism: the politics of sex, rights, and freedom in contemporary antitrafficking campaigns.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bernstein, Elizabeth

    2010-01-01

    Over the past decade, abolitionist feminist and evangelical Christian activists have directed increasing attention toward the “traffic in women” as a dangerous manifestation of global gender inequalities. Despite renowned disagreements around the politics of sex and gender, these groups have come together to advocate for harsher penalties against traffickers, prostitutes’ customers, and nations deemed to be taking insufficient steps to stem the flow of trafficked women. In this essay, I argue that what has served to unite this coalition of "strange bedfellows" is not simply an underlying commitment to conservative ideals of sexuality, as previous commentators have offered, but an equally significant commitment to carceral paradigms of justice and to militarized humanitarianism as the preeminent mode of engagement by the state. I draw upon my ongoing ethnographic research with feminist and evangelical antitrafficking movement leaders to argue that the alliance that has been so efficacious in framing contemporary antitrafficking politics is the product of two historically unique and intersecting trends: a rightward shift on the part of many mainstream feminists and other secular liberals away from a redistributive model of justice and toward a politics of incarceration, coincident with a leftward sweep on the part of many younger evangelicals toward a globally oriented social justice theology. In the final section of this essay, I consider the resilience of these trends given a newly installed and more progressive Obama administration, positing that they are likely to continue even as the terrain of militarized humanitarian action shifts in accordance with new sets of geopolitical interests.

  9. Outcomes With Edoxaban Versus Warfarin in Patients With Previous Cerebrovascular Events

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rost, Natalia S; Giugliano, Robert P; Ruff, Christian T

    2016-01-01

    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with atrial fibrillation and previous ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA) are at high risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events despite anticoagulation. In this prespecified subgroup analysis, we compared warfarin with edoxaban in patients with ver......BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with atrial fibrillation and previous ischemic stroke (IS)/transient ischemic attack (TIA) are at high risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events despite anticoagulation. In this prespecified subgroup analysis, we compared warfarin with edoxaban in patients...... with versus without previous IS/TIA. METHODS: ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 (Effective Anticoagulation With Factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 48) was a double-blind trial of 21 105 patients with atrial fibrillation randomized to warfarin (international normalized ratio......). Because only HDER is approved, we focused on the comparison of HDER versus warfarin. RESULTS: Of 5973 (28.3%) patients with previous IS/TIA, 67% had CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes, prior stroke/transient ischemic attack) >3 and 36% were ≥75 years. Compared with 15 132...

  10. Clinical application of dynamic digital subtraction angiography in cerebrovascular ischemic diseases

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hirata, Yoshifumi; Nonaka, Nobuhito; Matsukado, Yasuhiko; Takahashi, Mutsumasa

    1987-09-01

    Dynamic intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IV-DSA) was performed in 37 patients with cerebrovascular ischemic diseases. The time density curve of IV-DSA was analysed, and peak time, mean transit time and mode of transit time were obtained in each patient. On the basis of these values, cerebral perfusion was classified into low, normal and high perfusion patterns. Normal perfusion pattern was noted in 40% of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and 7 % of patients with cerebral infarction. Low perfusion pattern was observed in 60 % of patients with TIA and 87 % of patients with cerebral infarction. High perfusion pattern was encountered only in 7 % of patients with cerebral infarction. In ischemic patients with moyamoya disease, extremely prolonged cerebral circulation time was evidenced by the presence of a flat or uphill type of the time density curve. This finding well correlated with decreased cerebral blood flow on single photon emission tomography. These findings suggest that the analysis of dynamic DSA is very important and useful in the clinical evaluation of patients with cerebrovascular ischemic diseases.

  11. Psicologia no Contexto da Ditadura Civil-militar e Ressonâncias na Contemporaneidade

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    Fabíola Figueirêdo da Silva

    Full Text Available Resumo: Este trabalho tem por objetivo versar sobre as relações da Psicologia com a sociedade no contexto da ditadura civil-militar, considerando o papel das entidades de Psicologia nesse período. Há algumas considerações sobre as características deste contexto histórico e os seus efeitos na subjetividade dos indivíduos que vivenciaram tal momento. O artigo propõe também uma reflexão acerca dos desafios da Psicologia no cenário brasileiro contemporâneo. Foi adotado o tipo de pesquisa bibliográfica, e os dados obtidos foram analisados de forma qualitativa, utilizando-se livros e artigos científicos de língua portuguesa. A ditadura nos remete a um período violento e triste na história brasileira, que teve a característica da violação dos direitos humanos, sendo comum as práticas de tortura, prisões ilegais e mortes. Inicialmente, as associações profissionais dos psicólogos priorizavam questões organizativas e técnicas da profissão, evitando entrar em conflito com a ideologia do Estado ditatorial; e é justamente neste período que a profissão foi consolidada, com a atuação destas entidades que tinham por finalidade defender e representar a categoria dos psicólogos. Contudo, tais associações possuíam postura ambígua frente à violência de Estado: não se pronunciavam contra o regime, ao mesmo tempo em que eram coniventes com esse sistema repressivo. Atualmente, em que se reconhece o compromisso da Psicologia com a realidade em que está inserida, a produção de memória sobre este período da história é fundamental para se compreender as relações complexas que existiram durante a ditadura militar, e que repercutem até os dias atuais.

  12. Neurological signs in relation to type of cerebrovascular disease in vascular dementia

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Staekenborg, S.S.; van der Flier, W.M.; van Straaten, E.C.W.; Lane, R.; Barkhof, F.; Scheltens, P.

    2008-01-01

    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE - The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of a number of neurological signs in a large population of patients with vascular dementia (VaD) and to compare the relative frequency of specific neurological signs dependent on type of cerebrovascular disease. METHODS -

  13. The Sarcoglycan complex is expressed in the cerebrovascular system and is specifically regulated by astroglial Cx30 channels

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    Anne-Cécile eBoulay

    2015-02-01

    Full Text Available Astrocytes, the most prominent glial cell type in the brain, send specialized processes called endfeet, around blood vessels and express a large molecular repertoire regulating the cerebrovascular system physiology. One of the most striking properties of astrocyte endfeet is their enrichment in gap junction protein Connexin 43 and 30 (Cx43 and Cx30 allowing in particular for direct intercellular trafficking of ions and small signaling molecules through perivascular astroglial networks. In this study, we addressed the specific role of Cx30 at the gliovascular interface. Using an inactivation mouse model for Cx30 (Cx30Δ/Δ, we showed that absence of Cx30 does not affect blood-brain barrier (BBB organization and permeability. However, it results in the cerebrovascular fraction, in a strong upregulation of Sgcg encoding γ-Sarcoglycan (SG, a member of the Dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC connecting cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. The same molecular event occurs in Cx30T5M/T5M mutated mice, where Cx30 channels are closed, demonstrating that Sgcg regulation relied on Cx30 channel functions. We further characterized the expression of other Sarcoglycan complex (SGC molecules in the cerebrovascular system and showed the presence of α-, β-, δ-, γ-, ε- and ζ- SG, as well as Sarcospan. Their expression was however not modified in Cx30Δ/Δ. These results suggest that a full SGC might be present in the cerebrovascular system, and that expression of one of its member, γ-Sarcoglycan, depends on Cx30 channels. As described in skeletal muscles, the SGC may contribute to membrane stabilization and signal transduction in the cerebrovascular system, which may therefore be regulated by Cx30 channel-mediated functions.

  14. Analysis of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients admitted diagnosed with acute ischemic cerebrovascular event in internal medicine services and neurology of the Hospital Mexico in March 2013 to March 2014; Analisis de las caracteristicas epidemiologicas y clinicas de los pacientes ingresados con diagnostico de evento cerebrovascular isquemico agudo en los servicios de medicina interna y neurologia del Hospital Mexico de marzo 2013 a marzo 2014

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Araya Gonzalez, Manuel Alberto

    2014-07-01

    Records of 100 patients were revised with diagnosis of ischemic cerebrovascular event in the neurology and internal medicine at the Hospital Mexico since March 2013 to March 2014. A total of 46 patients were men and 54 were women. The overall mean age was 69 years, for men have been 66 years and for women from 71. Patients of all provinces were entered main of San Jose with 56% followed by 19% Alajuela. The hospital management by specialty was distributed 60% to internal medicine and 40% neurology. The risk factors most frequently found were: hypertension 85%, diabetes mellitus 40%, smoking 35%, and dyslipidemia 35%. Overweight was observed in 23% of patients and 22% obese. As for the initial clinical manifestations documented in the first physical examination, the 6 most frequently found have been: faciobrachiocrural hemiparesis 60%, delirium 22%, dysarthria 22%, headache 20%, nausea and/or vomiting 17% and aphasia 15%. A total of 13% of patients have altered the consciousness and 5% have required ventilatory support for first 24 hours of evolution. 27% of patients have arrived within the first 3 hours of onset of symptoms, 11% between 3 to 4.5 hours and the remaining 62% beyond 4.5 hours of duration. 70% of patients have had 1 or more comorbidities prior to the event, the top 5 have been: ischemic heart disease 31%, 29% atrial fibrillation, cerebrovascular disease 19%, 16% chronic kidney disease and congestive heart failure by 12%. Regarding the topographic classification of stokes, 16% were TACI, PACI 46%, 27% LACI and POCI only 11%. The average NIHSS scale has been 9 points to admission, 10 to 48 hours and 6 points at the time of discharge. Regarding brain scan on admission to 98% of the patients were performed while that between 48-72 hours alone to 74%. The most common initial tomographic CT findings have been: 49% lucency of more than 1/3 of middle cerebral artery territory, without alteration 46%, 8% cerebral edema data and 8% midline deviation. Hemorrhagic

  15. Los Derechos Humanos y desaparecidos en dictaduras militares

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    Juan Carlos GUTIÉRREZ CONTRERAS

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: La doctrina de la seguridad nacional jugó un papel predominante como soporte ideológico de las dictaduras del Cono Sur americano. Dentro de este marco se adelantó el "Plan Cóndor" que llevó a la múltiple y sistemática violación de derechos humanos en los países en los que se desarrolló. El artículo hace un análisis jurídico de la responsabilidad de los actores a la luz del derecho penal internacional y del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, con especial énfasis en la competencia para el juzgamiento de los hechos. Concluye con el análisis del terrorismo de Estado manifestado a través del genocidio, la tortura y las desapariciones forzadas cometidos durante las dictaduras militares.ABSTRACT: The doctrine of national secutiry played a leading role as an ideological endorsement of the South American dictatorships. The Plan Condor was created in this context, and it led to systematic and multiple human rights violations. This article analyzes the responsibility of different actors in the light of International Law, and puts special emphasis in the competence of courts to judge those facts. It concludes with an analysis of state terrorísm, which led to genocide, torture and disapperances under military dictatorships.

  16. Clinical usefulness of creatine Kinase BB determination by a Ria method in serum of patients with cerebrovascular accidents

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Nuti, A; Giraldi, C; Piccini, P; Bonucelli, U; Clerico, A; Del Chicca, M G

    1988-01-01

    The measurement of creatine kinase BB isoenzyme (CK-BB) using RIA methods could have diagnostic utility as a biological marker of cerebral damage. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether frequent sampling (4 samples/day for 3 days) permits a better correlation between serum CK/sub B/B values and the clinical outcomes of patients with cerebrovascular accidents. 16 in-patients (12 men and 4 women) with stroke (15 of an ischemic nature and 1 hemorrhagic) have benn studied. The presence of stroke was confirmed by clinical symptoms and by CAT results. Blood samples were drawn at 6 and 12 a.m. and at 6 and 12 p.m. over 3 consecutive days after hospitalization. Values of serum CK-BB above the normal range (>7 ng/ml) were found in the 5 of the 16 (31.3%) patients studied. The mean CK-BB value observed in the patients' group was significantly higher than that found in a group of 112 control subjects (controls, mean+-SD=2.1+-1.7 ng/ml vs patients 3.3+-3.4 ng/ml, unpaired t-test p<0.025). We observed a very wide range of serum CKBB levels in most of the patients studied. Some prominent peaks of CK-BB concetrations were found in patients' outcame (Spearman correlation coefficient r-s=0.618, p<0,01). Although our results indicate that the measurement of CK-BB concentrations cannot be considered a sensitive marker of stroke, the significant correlation between serum CK-BB values and outcome suggests that high CK-BB levels could be a sign of worse prognosis in patients with cerebrovascular accidents. 24 refs.

  17. Clinical usefulness of creatine Kinase BB determination by a Ria method in serum of patients with cerebrovascular accidents

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Nuti, A.; Giraldi, C.; Piccini, P.; Bonucelli, U.; Clerico, A.; Del Chicca, M. G.

    1988-01-01

    The measurement of creatine kinase BB isoenzyme (CK-BB) using RIA methods could have diagnostic utility as a biological marker of cerebral damage. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether frequent sampling (4 samples/day for 3 days) permits a better correlation between serum CK B B values and the clinical outcomes of patients with cerebrovascular accidents. 16 in-patients (12 men and 4 women) with stroke (15 of an ischemic nature and 1 hemorrhagic) have benn studied. The presence of stroke was confirmed by clinical symptoms and by CAT results. Blood samples were drawn at 6 and 12 a.m. and at 6 and 12 p.m. over 3 consecutive days after hospitalization. Values of serum CK-BB above the normal range (>7 ng/ml) were found in the 5 of the 16 (31.3%) patients studied. The mean CK-BB value observed in the patients' group was significantly higher than that found in a group of 112 control subjects (controls, mean+-SD=2.1+-1.7 ng/ml vs patients 3.3+-3.4 ng/ml, unpaired t-test p<0.025). We observed a very wide range of serum CKBB levels in most of the patients studied. Some prominent peaks of CK-BB concetrations were found in patients' outcame (Spearman correlation coefficient r-s=0.618, p<0,01). Although our results indicate that the measurement of CK-BB concentrations cannot be considered a sensitive marker of stroke, the significant correlation between serum CK-BB values and outcome suggests that high CK-BB levels could be a sign of worse prognosis in patients with cerebrovascular accidents

  18. Factores asociados al ataque cerebrovascular isquémico entre los años 2013 a 2016: estudio de casos y controles

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan-David Vega P.

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al ataque cerebrovascular isquémico en el servicio de urgencias de la Clínica Especializada Los Andes, de la ciudad de Tunja, entre los años 2013 a 2016. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio de casos y controles; los casos correspondieron a 97 pacientes con ataque cerebrovascular isquémico (infarto cerebral isquémico y accidente isquémico transitorio y los controles a 291 pacientes sin ataque cerebrovascular isquémico que ingresaron a urgencias entre los años 2013 a 2016. Resultados: El sexo femenino correspondió al 56,7% (55 de los casos y al 54,6% de los controles (154 (p = 0,069. La media de edad en el grupo caso fue de 73,7 años [DE: 10,5 años] y en los controles de 64,5 años [DE: 11,3 años]. Los factores asociados al ataque cerebrovascular isquémico fueron: antecedente de ataque cerebrovascular isquémico [OR 7,7 IC 95% 3,2; 18 p= 0,000], tabaquismo [OR 4,4 IC 95% 1,1; 18 p= 0,022], dislipidemia [OR 3 IC 95% 1,2; 7,5 p= 0,017], edad igual o mayor a 70 años [OR 2,3 IC 95% 1,3; 4,1 p= 0,002] e hipertensión arterial [OR 1,8 IC 95% 1,06; 3,3 p= 0,029]. Conclusiones: Los factores asociados al ataque cerebrovascular isquémico fueron, en orden de importancia, antecedente de ataque cerebrovascular isquémico, tabaquismo, dislipidemia, edad igual o mayor a 70 años e hipertensión arterial. Abstract: Objective: To determine the factors associated with ischaemic cerebrovascular accidents (ICVA in the Emergency Department of the Andes Specialist Clinic of the city of Tunja, between the years 2013 and 2016. Patients and methods: A case-control study was conducted in which the cases consisted of 97 patients with ICVA (ischaemic cerebral infarction and transient ischaemic accident, and the controls were 291 patients with no ICVA, who were admitted to the Emergency Department between the years 2013 and 2016. Results: There were 56.7% (55

  19. Basic characteristics of hospital stroke services in Eastern Hungary

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Mihalka, Laszlo; Fekete, Istvan; Csepany, Tuende; Csiba, Laszlo; Bereczki, Daniel

    1999-01-01

    Stroke mortality is extremely high in Central-Eastern European countries. We report basic characteristics of a stroke unit in Eastern Hungary, including age and sex distribution; the proportion of transient ischemic attacks (TIA), ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes; case fatality; application of diagnostic methods; and length of stay for all patients treated with acute cerebrovascular disease over a 12-month period. Records of all patients with acute cerebrovascular disease (n = 522) discharged in 1995 from a stroke unit with a well defined catchment area of 220,000 inhabitants in Eastern Hungary were retrospectively analyzed. Case fatality was 18.6% for all patients and 21.1% after excluding cases with TIA. Computer tomography, duplex carotid ultrasound, cerebrospinal fluid examination and electroencephalography were performed in 79%, 77%, 7% and 2% of the patients, respectively. The database of the university hospital with the same catchment area was electronically searched for patients who were discharged with the diagnosis of stroke from the three departments of internal medicine. Stroke mortality data of the catchment area based on death certificates was obtained from the Central Statistical Bureau. Two hundred twenty-eight stroke deaths were reported in the catchment area in 1995. In the same period 97 stroke deaths occurred at the stroke unit and 76 at the departments of internal medicine. If we aim to treat all patients with acute stroke at the stroke unit, with the present stroke incidence and duration of hospital stay the current capacity of the stroke unit (1 bed per 10.000 inhabitants) should be doubled

  20. [Trend analysis on the death rate of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease among Xuzhou residents from 2011 to 2015].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chen, P P; Lou, P A; Zhang, P; Qiao, C; Li, T; Dong, Z M

    2017-07-24

    Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease mortality among Xuzhou residents from 2011 to 2015. Methods: The mortality data of the ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease were obtained from the registration disease surveillance system covering the residents of the city from 2011 to 2015. Ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease were identified according to the international classification of diseases (ICD-10), Ischemic heart diseases include I20 to I25 (angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, certain current complications following acute myocardial infarction, other acute ischemic heart diseases chronic ischemic heart disease); cerebrovascular diseases include I60 to I69 (subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, other non-traumatic hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, stroke not specified as hemorrhage or infarction, other cerebrovascular diseases, sequelae of cerebrovascular disease). Results: (1)From 2011 to 2015, the chronic ischemia Cardio-Cerebrovascular disease mortality of residents in Xuzhou was 261.2 per one hundred thousand (129 950/49 748 321), 269.9 per one hundred thousand(69 562/25 775 930)for male residents, 252.0 per one hundred thousand(60 388/23 972 391)for female residents, the mortality rate in men was significantly higher than that in women ( P disease mortality rate of urban residents was 243.8 per one hundred thousand(17 049/6 993 787), which was lower than the rate of rural residents (264.0 per one hundred thousand(112 901/42 754 534), P heart disease in Xuzhou city remained unchanged: 117.1 per one hundred thousand(11 416/9 747 768), 126.8 per one hundred thousand(12 177/9 600 745), 112.0 per one hundred thousand(11 184/9 986 877), 115.2 per one hundred thousand(11 697/10 151 842), 117.1 per one hundred thousand(12 019/10 261 089, P >0.05). The mortality rate of cerebrovascular disease were 154.0 per one hundred thousand(15 014

  1. Shape and texture analysis of the carotid plaque, and its correlation with cerebral infarctions on CT, and cerebrovascular symptoms

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Kalomiris, Konstantinos; Tegos, Thomas J; Sabetai, Michael; Nicolaides, Andrew N [Irvine Laboratory for Cardiovascular Investigations and Research, Imperial College School of Medicine at St Mary` , Praed Street, London W2 1NY (United Kingdom)

    1999-12-31

    This work has studied the relationship between ultrasonic texture characteristics, ultrasonic shape characteristics, cerebral infarctions on CT, and cerebrovascular symptoms, in an attempt to identify the unstable carotid plaque, i.e. the plaque associated with high prevalence of ipsilateral cerebral infarctions on CT, and cerebrovascular symptoms. The morphological features used were : the grey scale median (GSM) for the texture, and the bending energy (BE) for the shape. It has been shown that echoluscent plaques (plaques with low GSM) with irregular shape (high BE) are associated with high prevalence of ipsilateral cerebral infarctions on CT and cerebrovascular symptoms, whereas echogenic plaques (high GSM) with smooth shape (low BE) are associated with low prevalence of ipsilateral cerebral infarctions on CT and cerebrovascular symptoms. Previous work has demonstrated the significance of the GSM in identifying the unstable carotid plaques, but no attempt, to our knowledge, has been made to establish the clinical significance of the ultrasonic shape characteristics of the carotid plaque. The importance of the ultrasonic texture and shape characteristics will be established in prospective studies of patients with asymptomatic carotid plaques, aiming at the identification of patients with a high risk for stroke, and therefore for a better selection of asymptomatic patients who might benefit from a carotid endarterectomy. (authors) 5 refs., 3 figs.

  2. Is outdoor work associated with elevated rates of cerebrovascular disease mortality? : a cohort study based on iron-ore mining

    OpenAIRE

    Björ, Ove; Jonsson, Håkan; Damber, Lena; Burström, Lage; Nilsson, Tohr

    2016-01-01

    BACKGROUND: A cohort study that examined iron ore mining found negative associations between cumulative working time employed underground and several outcomes, including mortality of cerebrovascular diseases. In this cohort study, and using the same group of miners, we examined whether work in an outdoor environment could explain elevated cerebrovascular disease rates. METHODS: This study was based on a Swedish iron ore mining cohort consisting of 13,000 workers. Poisson regression models wer...

  3. Concepções de identidade nacional, a ditadura civil-militar, a conciliação e o “homem cordial”

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Moraes, Thiago Aguiar de

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as concepções de identidade nacional no livro Brasil: sempre, de Marco Pollo Giordani, e relacionar estas concepções com seu contexto de produção pautado pela guerra da memória entre militares e militantes, a Lei da Anistia de 1979, e a redemocratização. O autor enfatizou o “coração grande” como essência do povo brasileiro, caracterizando a ideia de “homem cordial” preconizada por Sérgio Buarque de Holanda. A mobilização desta ideia remete à conciliação e à concórdia, que acabaram por justificar, no livro de Giordani, a vitória dos militares sobre os “comunistas” em 1964 devido ao fato da essência do brasileiro ser contrária ao “comunismo”, pois seria um regime baseado no “ódio”. A concórdia também pautou a recente opção do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF por não revisar a Lei da Anistia, contemplando a ideia de conciliação através do voto de Cezar Peluso, atual presidente do STF

  4. The influence of general anesthesia on the brain in aged patients with previous ischemic cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Kokubo, Yasuaki; Kayama, Takamasa; Kondo, Rei; Oki, Masato; Takaoka, Seiji

    2008-01-01

    Whenever we discuss the overall results of surgical treatment for unruptured cerebral aneurysms, especially in aged patients, we tend to consider advanced age or general anesthesia as causes for unfavorable results. There are no reports concerning ischemic stroke events following general anesthesia in aged patients with a prior history of cerebrovascular disease. The purpose of this study is to clarify the influence of general anesthesia on the brats in aged patients with a previous history of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The subjects were 30 consecutive patients over 70 years of age with previous ischemic cerebrovascular disease who underwent various surgeries except brain and cardiac surgery under general anesthesia. The patients were 70 to 85 years old, with a mean age of 76. Twenty-three were men and 7 were women. Surgical procedures were 12 gastrointestinal, 6 orthopedic and 4 urogenital and others. The type of cerebrovascular disease evaluated by neuroradiologist and anesthesiologist based on MR imaging was devided as follows: 16 patients had minor stroke, 7 had transient ischemic attack/reversible ischemic neurological deficit (TIA/RIND) and 7 had asymptomatic cerebral infarction. MR angiography was also assessed to evaluate the main artery in the brain. Blood pressure and arterial blood gas (PaCO 2 ) during general anesthesia were analyzed, and the rate of systemic and neurological complications following general anesthesia were evaluated. MR angiography revealed no occlusion or severe stenosis of the main artery in the brain of any of the patients. The minimum systolic blood pressure showed less than 100 mmHg transiently for 5-20 minutes in 28 of 30 patients during general anesthesia. The minimum value was 65 mmHg maintained for 5 minutes. The minimum PaCO 2 during general anesthesia was as follows: 1 case 36 mmHg. There were no neurological complications following general anesthesia in this study. One of 30 patients (3.3%) had suffered from pneumonia

  5. Multifractal characterization of cerebrovascular dynamics in newborn rats

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Pavlov, A.N.; Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya, O.V.; Lychagov, V.V.; Abdurashitov, A.S.; Pavlova, O.N.; Sindeeva, O.A.; Sindeev, S.S.

    2015-01-01

    In this paper we study the cerebrovascular dynamics in newborn rats using the wavelet-based multifractal formalism in order to reveal effective markers of early pathological changes in the macro- and microcirculation at the hidden stage of the development of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). We demonstrate that the singularity spectrum estimated with the wavelet-transform modulus maxima (WTMM) technique allows clear characterization of a reduced complexity of blood flow dynamics and changes of the correlation properties at the transformation of normal physiological processes into pathological dynamics that are essentially different at the level of large and small blood vessels

  6. El marco necesario y la identidad imprescindible. El golpe militar de 1966, y el surgimiento de Montoneros

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Salcedo, Javier

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available El golpe de Estado de junio de 1966, liderado por el general Juan Carlos Onganía, asumió institucionalmente la Doctrina West Point, para la lucha contra el comunismo. Era un golpe preventivo. Un comunismo lejano para un país donde existía el peronismo. ¿Acaso comunismo y peronismo podían fusionarse? Paradójicamente este golpe militar fue el escenario para la multiplicación de grupos de jóvenes revolucionarios que decidieron plantearse la toma del poder para la instalación del socialismo en Argentina. Este trabajo intenta reflejar cómo aquel gobierno militar y su alineación en la Guerra Fría, fueron el escenario perfecto para que la militancia revolucionaria surgiera, se organizara y creciera en el período 1966-1970. El mayor desarrollo guerrillero en Argentina, en cuanto a generar adhesiones masivas y militancia de masas, es posterior a 1970, por ello este recorte se basa sobre todo al período de las decisiones, las tácticas iniciales, como los alineamientos políticos, y los objetivos estratégicos de los jóvenes que emprendieron la lucha armada con el fin de alcanzar la guerra civil revolucionaria, desde una identidad peronista. Esta identidad política de un sector importante de estos grupos, junto a otras tácticas y a los objetivos estratégicos y las metodologías para alcanzarlos, es analizada a partir de documentos producidos por esos jóvenes en ese período.

  7. Fibroelastoma valvular aórtico como causa de accidente cerebrovascular embólico: Reporte de un caso

    OpenAIRE

    BAHAMONDES S,JUAN CARLOS; MERIÑO S,GUSTAVO; SALMAN A,JUAN; SILVA V,ABELARDO; MORA M,JAVIER

    2008-01-01

    Los tumores cardíacos son una causa rara de accidente cerebrovascular embólico. Comunicamos el caso de una paciente de 65 años quien debuta su historia con un accidente cerebrovascular. El estudio de fuente embólica con ecocardiografía transesofágica demostró un fibroelastoma de la válvula aórtica en el borde libre del velo no coronariano. El tumor fue extraído mediante circulación extracorpórea. El estudio anatomopatológico confirmó el diagnóstico y la paciente se encuentra en capacidad func...

  8. A estética realista dos filmes sobre a ditadura militar no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Helena Stigger

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available O cinema canaliza em seu aporte uma impressão de realidade baseada na experiência empírica do realizador e da sociedade ao qual ele pertence. Em sua condição de discurso, o cinema, assim como todas as formas narrativas, abrange um enunciado e um espectador. Diferentemente de um romance, a “gramática” cinematográfica é composta por um conjunto de elementos como a imagem, som, música entre outros que, organizados, contam uma história. Entretanto, a forma como estes componentes são gravados em imagens e ordenados numa seqüência narrativa não é única. Desta forma, podemos pensar qual é o propósito de uma escolha estética usual nos filmes Pra frente Brasil e Batismo de Sangue para representar a Ditadura Militar Brasileira.

  9. Ofício de oficial : trabalho, subjetividade e saúde mental na polícia militar

    OpenAIRE

    Charlotte Beatriz Spode

    2004-01-01

    O debate envolvendo a questão da segurança pública destaca-se no cenário nacional, colocando em pauta, dentre outras questões, a necessidade de problematização do papel e das atribuições das instituições policiais. Freqüentemente, vemos a atuação da polícia militar sendo veiculada pela mídia, colocando os policias numa posição ambígua, ora como heróis, ora como vilões. O trabalho policial constitui-se, portanto, em um território de controvérsias, onde se engendra uma realidade muitas vezes po...

  10. Nobleza y expansión militar de la Corona de Aragón: La nobleza valenciana en las guerras del rey (1420-1448

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sáiz, Jorge

    2003-12-01

    Full Text Available This article studies the role of the nobility in the XV century military expansion of the Crown of Aragon, through the particular case of the valencian nobility and the Alphonse V the Magnanimous's war cycle betwen the years 1420 and 1448. If s first analyzed the development of the royal campaigns. Then, the Valencian lineages are identified, also precising their particular degree of involvement in the royal wars. The study is based upon the registers of the Royal Treasury and Cancillery, supplemented by notarial and judicial records, and the chronicles. The militarization of the nobility was unequal. The majority of the noblemen were involved occasionally in the royal wars, more as an social obligation than a professional committment. The professionalization only attained a minority of lineages, attached to the royal household: they constituted the military king´s affinity, most of them coming from the low urban nobility —most of them also being youngers sons, bastards or belonging to secondary branches.

    El articulo estudia la vinculación de la nobleza a la expansión militar de la Corona de Aragón en el Cuatrocientos a partir de la participación de los linajes valencianos en las guerras del rey entre 1420 y 1448, en el ciclo de campañas de Alfonso el Magnánimo (en el que destaca la conquista de Nápoles y los conflictos posteriores en Italia que son objeto de una síntesis inicial. Se identifican los linajes de la nobleza valenciana en ese periodo y se documentan sus grados de participación en la guerra. Todo ello a partir de registros financieros del rey (sobre todo la Tesorería General, de la Cancillería (convocatorias militares y a Cortes, fondos notariales y judiciales y las fuentes cronísticas. La militarización nobiliaria era muy desigual. La mayor parte de la nobleza participó de forma intermitente en las campañas, más como una obligada etapa de su socialización que como una profesión. La práctica profesional

  11. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) MRI with CO2 challenge: A technical review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Liu, Peiying; B De Vis, Jill; Lu, Hanzhang

    2018-03-21

    Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is an indicator of cerebrovascular reserve and provides important information about vascular health in a range of brain conditions and diseases. Unlike steady-state vascular parameters, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV), CVR measures the ability of cerebral vessels to dilate or constrict in response to challenges or maneuvers. Therefore, CVR mapping requires a physiological challenge while monitoring the corresponding hemodynamic changes in the brain. The present review primarily focuses on methods that use CO2 inhalation as a physiological challenge while monitoring changes in hemodynamic MRI signals. CO2 inhalation has been increasingly used in CVR mapping in recent literature due to its potency in causing vasodilation, rapid onset and cessation of the effect, as well as advances in MRI-compatible gas delivery apparatus. In this review, we first discuss the physiological basis of CVR mapping using CO2 inhalation. We then review the methodological aspects of CVR mapping, including gas delivery apparatus, the timing paradigm of the breathing challenge, the MRI imaging sequence, and data analysis. In addition, we review alternative approaches for CVR mapping that do not require CO2 inhalation. Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  12. Trabalho policial e saúde mental: uma pesquisa junto aos Capitães da Polícia Militar

    OpenAIRE

    Spode,Charlotte Beatriz; Merlo,Álvaro Roberto Crespo

    2006-01-01

    O artigo traz relato de pesquisa na qual foram abordadas as relações entre o trabalho dos Capitães da Polícia Militar e sua saúde mental, a partir dos aspectos deste ofício que geram prazer e sofrimento. Como estratégias metodológicas foram adotados três procedimentos: pesquisa documental, acompanhamento do cotidiano de trabalho e realização de entrevistas. Os resultados apontam que apesar da excessiva carga de trabalho administrativo e dos perigos inerentes à profissão, o prazer no trabalho ...

  13. Effects of the intraoperative application of dexmedetomidine on hemodynamics and cerebral oxygen metabolism of patients with cerebrovascular malformations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Liang Feng

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Circulatory stability of patients with cerebrovascular malformations during the surgery is critical to their prognosis. Anesthesia-induced intubation, tumor separation, clamping and other operations may cause severe fluctuations in blood pressure and even result in aneurysm rupture. As a highly efficient and selective adrenergic α2 receptor agonists, dexmedetomidine hydrochloride is able to regulate the release of catecholamine by means of negative feedback so as to control blood pressure. This study aims to assess the effects of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on hemodynamics and cerebral oxygen metabolism of intraoperative patients with cerebrovascular malformations.

  14. Association between aerobic fitness and cerebrovascular function with neurocognitive functions in healthy, young adults.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hwang, Jungyun; Kim, Kiyoung; Brothers, R Matthew; Castelli, Darla M; Gonzalez-Lima, F

    2018-05-01

    Studies of the effects of physical activity on cognition suggest that aerobic fitness can improve cognitive abilities. However, the physiological mechanisms for the cognitive benefit of aerobic fitness are less well understood. We examined the association between aerobic fitness and cerebrovascular function with neurocognitive functions in healthy, young adults. Participants aged 18-29 years underwent measurements of cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVMR) in response to rebreathing-induced hypercapnia, maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) during cycle ergometry to voluntary exhaustion, and simple- and complex-neurocognitive assessments at rest. Ten subjects were identified as having low-aerobic fitness (LF aerobic fitness (HF > 80th fitness percentile). There were no LF versus HF group differences in cerebrovascular hemodynamics during the baseline condition. Changes in middle cerebral artery blood velocity and CVMR during hypercapnia were elevated more in the HF than the LF group. Compared to the LF, the HF performed better on a complex-cognitive task assessing fluid reasoning, but not on simple attentional abilities. Statistical modeling showed that measures of VO 2 max, CVMR, and fluid reasoning were positively inter-correlated. The relationship between VO 2 max and fluid reasoning, however, did not appear to be reliably mediated by CVMR. In conclusion, a high capacity for maximal oxygen uptake among healthy, young adults was associated with greater CVMR and better fluid reasoning, implying that high-aerobic fitness may promote cerebrovascular and cognitive functioning abilities.

  15. Vascular care in patients with Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular lesions-a randomized clinical trial

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Richard, Edo; Kuiper, Roy; Dijkgraaf, Marcel G. W.; van Gool, Willem A.

    2009-01-01

    OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether vascular care slows dementia progression in patients with Alzheimer's disease with cerebrovascular lesions on neuroimaging. DESIGN: Multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial with 2-year follow-up. SETTING: Neurological and geriatric outpatient clinics in 10

  16. Cerebrovascular reactivity among native-raised high altitude residents: an fMRI study

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    Zhang Jiaxing

    2011-09-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background The impact of long term residence on high altitude (HA on human brain has raised concern among researchers in recent years. This study investigated the cerebrovascular reactivity among native-born high altitude (HA residents as compared to native sea level (SL residents. The two groups were matched on the ancestral line, ages, gender ratios, and education levels. A visual cue guided maximum inspiration task with brief breath holding was performed by all the subjects while Blood-Oxygenation-Level-Dependent (BOLD functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI data were acquired from them. Results Compared to SL controls, the HA group showed generally decreased cerebrovascular reactivity and longer delay in hemodynamic response. Clusters showing significant differences in the former aspect were located at the bilateral primary motor cortex, the right somatosensory association cortex, the right thalamus and the right caudate, the bilateral precuneus, the right cingulate gyrus and the right posterior cingulate cortex, as well as the left fusiform gyrus and the right lingual cortex; clusters showing significant differences in the latter aspect were located at the precuneus, the insula, the superior frontal and temporal gyrus, the somatosensory cortex (the postcentral gyrus and the cerebellar tonsil. Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV, which is an important aspect of pulmonary function, demonstrated significant correlation with the amount of BOLD signal change in multiple brain regions, particularly at the bilateral insula among the HA group. Conclusions Native-born HA residents generally showed reduced cerebrovascular reactivity as demonstrated in the hemodynamic response during a visual cue guided maximum inspiration task conducted with BOLD-fMRI. This effect was particularly manifested among brain regions that are typically involved in cerebral modulation of respiration.

  17. Oxidative stress upregulates the NMDA receptor on cerebrovascular endothelium.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Betzen, Christian; White, Robin; Zehendner, Christoph M; Pietrowski, Eweline; Bender, Bianca; Luhmann, Heiko J; Kuhlmann, Christoph R W

    2009-10-15

    N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R)-mediated oxidative stress has been implicated in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in a variety of neuropathological diseases. Although some interactions between both phenomena have been elucidated, possible influences of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the NMDA-R itself have so far been neglected. The objective of this study was to examine how the cerebroendothelial NMDA-R is affected by exposure to oxidative stress and to assess possible influences on BBB integrity. RT-PCR confirmed several NMDA-R subunits (NR1, NR2B-D) expressed in the bEnd3 cell line (murine cerebrovascular endothelial cells). NR1 protein expression after exposure to ROS was observed via in-cell Western. The functionality of the expressed NMDA-R was determined by measuring DiBAC fluorescence in ROS-preexposed cells upon stimulation with the specific agonist NMDA. Finally, the effects on barrier integrity were evaluated using the ECIS system to detect changes in monolayer impedance upon NMDA-R stimulation after exposure to ROS. The expression of NR1 significantly (p<0.001) increased 72 h after 30 min exposure to superoxide (+33.8+/-7.5%), peroxynitrite (+84.9+/-10.7%), or hydrogen peroxide (+92.8+/-7.6%), resulting in increased cellular response to NMDA-R stimulation and diminished monolayer impedance. We conclude that oxidative stress upregulates NMDA-R on cerebrovascular endothelium and thus heightens susceptibility to glutamate-induced BBB disruption.

  18. Cerebrovascular accidents complicating transcatheter aortic valve implantation: frequency, timing and impact on outcomes.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stortecky, Stefan; Windecker, Stephan; Pilgrim, Thomas; Heg, Dik; Buellesfeld, Lutz; Khattab, Ahmed A; Huber, Christoph; Gloekler, Steffen; Nietlispach, Fabian; Mattle, Heinrich; Jüni, Peter; Wenaweser, Peter

    2012-05-15

    Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are considered among the most serious adverse events after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the frequency and timing of CVA after TAVI and to investigate the impact on clinical outcomes within 30 days of the procedure. Between August 2007 and October 2011, 389 high-risk elderly patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis underwent TAVI via transfemoral, transapical or subclavian access. A total of 14 patients (3.6%) experienced at least one CVA within 30 days of follow-up and most events (74%) occurred within the first day of the procedure. Patients with CVA had an increased risk of all-cause (42.3% vs. 5.1%, ORadjusted 11.7, 95% CI 3.4-40.3, pCerebrovascular accidents among patients undergoing TAVI occur predominantly during the periprocedural period, are associated with multiple implantation attempts of the bioprosthesis and significantly impair prognosis.

  19. El apoyo real. Relaciones político-militares entre dos ciudades realistas: Santa Marta y la Habana durante 1810- 1815

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    Jorge Enrique Elías Caro

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se hará un análisis de las relaciones político-militares que se suscitaron durante el proceso independentista entre Santa Marta en el Caribe Neogranadino y la Habana en Cuba. Así mismo, se explicarán ciertas particularidades de las guerras navales, fluviales y terrestres que sostuvieron estas ciudades realistas con otras que defendían la causa emancipadora, durante el periodo comprendido entre 1810-1815.

  20. Vascular risk factors, cerebrovascular reactivity, and the default-mode brain network.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Haight, Thaddeus J; Bryan, R Nick; Erus, Guray; Davatzikos, Christos; Jacobs, David R; D'Esposito, Mark; Lewis, Cora E; Launer, Lenore J

    2015-07-15

    Cumulating evidence from epidemiologic studies implicates cardiovascular health and cerebrovascular function in several brain diseases in late life. We examined vascular risk factors with respect to a cerebrovascular measure of brain functioning in subjects in mid-life, which could represent a marker of brain changes in later life. Breath-hold functional MRI (fMRI) was performed in 541 women and men (mean age 50.4 years) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Brain MRI sub-study. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) was quantified as percentage change in blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in activated voxels, which was mapped to a common brain template and log-transformed. Mean CVR was calculated for anatomic regions underlying the default-mode network (DMN) - a network implicated in AD and other brain disorders - in addition to areas considered to be relatively spared in the disease (e.g. occipital lobe), which were utilized as reference regions. Mean CVR was significantly reduced in the posterior cingulate/precuneus (β=-0.063, 95% CI: -0.106, -0.020), anterior cingulate (β=-0.055, 95% CI: -0.101, -0.010), and medial frontal lobe (β=-0.050, 95% CI: -0.092, -0.008) relative to mean CVR in the occipital lobe, after adjustment for age, sex, race, education, and smoking status, in subjects with pre-hypertension/hypertension compared to normotensive subjects. By contrast, mean CVR was lower, but not significantly, in the inferior parietal lobe (β=-0.024, 95% CI: -0.062, 0.014) and the hippocampus (β=-0.006, 95% CI: -0.062, 0.050) relative to mean CVR in the occipital lobe. Similar results were observed in subjects with diabetes and dyslipidemia compared to those without these conditions, though the differences were non-significant. Reduced CVR may represent diminished vascular functionality for the DMN for individuals with prehypertension/hypertension in mid-life, and may serve as a preclinical marker for brain dysfunction in later

  1. Beneficial effects of estrogen in a mouse model of cerebrovascular insufficiency.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Naohito Kitamura

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: The M(5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor is known to play a crucial role in mediating acetylcholine dependent dilation of cerebral blood vessels. Previously, we reported that male M(5 muscarinic acetylcholine knockout mice (M5R(-/- mice suffer from a constitutive constriction of cerebral arteries, reduced cerebral blood flow, dendritic atrophy, and short-term memory loss, without necrosis and/or inflammation in the brain. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We employed the Magnetic Resonance Angiography to study the area of the basilar artery in male and female M5R(-/- mice. Here we show that female M5R(-/- mice did not show the reduction in vascular area observed in male M5R(-/- mice. However, ovariectomized female M5R(-/- mice displayed phenotypic changes similar to male M5R(-/- mice, strongly suggesting that estrogen plays a key role in the observed gender differences. We found that 17beta-estradiol (E2 induced nitric oxide release and ERK activation in a conditional immortalized mouse brain cerebrovascular endothelial cell line. Agonists of ERalpha, ERbeta, and GPR30 promoted ERK activation in this cell line. Moreover, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies showed that the cross section of the basilar artery was restored to normal in male M5R(-/- mice treated with E2. Treatment with E2 also improved the performance of male M5R(-/- mice in a cognitive test and reduced the atrophy of neural dendrites in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. M5R(-/- mice also showed astrocyte swelling in cortex and hippocampus using the three-dimensional reconstruction of electron microscope images. This phenotype was reversed by E2 treatment, similar to the observed deficits in dendrite morphology and the number of synapses. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings indicate that M5R(-/- mice represent an excellent novel model system to study the beneficial effects of estrogen on cerebrovascular function and cognition. E2 may offer new therapeutic

  2. Role of Nrf2 and protective effects of Metformin against tobacco smoke-induced cerebrovascular toxicity

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    Shikha Prasad

    2017-08-01

    Full Text Available Cigarette smoking (CS is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in a causative way primarily related to the TS content of reactive oxygen species (ROS, nicotine, and inflammation. TS promotes glucose intolerance and increases the risk of developing type-2 diabetes mellitus (2DM with which it shares other pathogenic traits including the high risk of cerebrovascular and neurological disorders like stroke via ROS generation, inflammation, and blood-brain barrier (BBB impairment. Herein we provide evidence of the role played by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2 in CS-induced cerebrobvascular/BBB impairments and how these cerebrovascular harmful effects can be circumvented by the use of metformin (MF; a widely prescribed, firstline anti-diabetic drug treatment. Our data in fact revealed that MF activates counteractive mechanisms primarily associated with the Nrf2 pathway which drastically reduce CS toxicity at the cerebrovascular level. These include the suppression of tight junction (TJ protein downregulation and loss of BBB integrity induced by CS, reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress, renormalization of the expression levels of the major BBB glucose transporter Glut-1 and that of the anticoagulant factor thrombomodulin. Further, we provide additional insights on the controversial interplay between Nrf2 and AMPK. Keywords: Oxidative stress, Cigarette smoke, Metformin, Blood hemostasis, Blood brain barrier, Tight junctions, Nrf2, Glucose transporter

  3. Signos Vitales de los CDC–Prevención de muertes por accidentes cerebrovasculares (Preventing Stroke Deaths)

    Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Podcasts

    2017-09-06

    Este podcast se basa en la edición de septiembre del 2017 del informe Signos Vitales de los CDC. Cada año, más de 140 000 personas mueren y muchos sobrevivientes quedan con discapacidades. El ochenta por ciento de los accidentes cerebrovasculares son prevenibles. Conozca los signos de un accidente cerebrovascular y sepa cómo prevenirlo.  Created: 9/6/2017 by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).   Date Released: 9/6/2017.

  4. ¿Centinela? Alerta. ¿Quién Vive? Colombia. El carácter Militar de Ia Guardia Colombiana (1863 -1885

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    Saúl Mauricio Rodríguez Hernández

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available This article studies the institutional characteristics of the Guardia Colombiana which were the armed forces during the time-period of the Constitution of the Estados Unidos de Colombia (1863-1885. This armed force was created with a "civil'' character to avoid the abuses of the troops. But it conserved certain key elements such as hierarchy of rank, uniforms, military instruction, internal structure, etc. I discuss the possibility that the Guardia Colombiana can be located within the so-called "pre-professional armed forces". It did not, how¬ever, form the base of the modern national army.//Este artículo estudia las características institucionales de la Guardia Colombiana. Fuerza armada al servicio del Estado durante la vigencia de la Constitución de los Estados Unidos de Colombia (1863-1885. Analizando cómo esta fuerza armada creada con un carácter ''civil" para evitar los desmanes de la tropa, conserve elementos propiamente militares que la equiparan con un ejército (jerarquía de los rangos, uniformes, instrucción militar, estructura interna, entre otros. Se discute la posibilidad que tiene la Guardia Colombiana, para ubicarse dentro de las denominadas "fuerzas armadas pre-profesionales", y la imposibilidad para que fuera utilizada como base para crear un ejército nacional moderno.

  5. La guerra asimétrica. Una lectura crítica de la transformación de las doctrinas militares occidentales

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    Raúl Zelik

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available A pesar de que contradicen la concepción de “conflictos de baja intensidad”, las ocupaciones de Irak y Afganistán están fuertemente influidas por los conceptos más antiguos de las “guerras pequeñas” -small wars- y de las “intervenciones de bajo perfil” -low footprint interventions-. El autor describe la evolución del concepto de ‘guerra asimétrica’ y se argumenta que la conducción asimétrica de la guerra ha sido un elemento de las estrategias bélicas de Occidente durante el siglo XX, mucho antes de que concluyera la confrontación de los bloques o aparecieran las llamadas “nuevas guerras” -new wars-. El autor identifica tres tendencias en la evolución de la guerra en conexión con los conflictos asimétricos: 1 una reorientación que conduce de los asuntos militares al problema del control social de la población; 2 una irregularización de la violencia, que implica una ruptura con las leyes y los acuerdos internacionales, y 3 la subcontratación -outsourcing- del ejercicio de la guerra a fuerzas irregulares aliadas, tales como corporaciones militares privadas, milicias, grupos paramilitares, señores de la guerra e incluso, crimen organizado.

  6. Case-controlled study on risk factors for the development of constipation in hospitalized patients.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ueki, Tetsuya; Nagai, Keiko; Ooe, Nobuharu; Nakashima, Mihoko N; Nishida, Koyo; Nakamura, Junzo; Nakashima, Mikiro

    2011-03-01

    Constipation is a common problem in hospitalized patients; however, the relative risks of its development with various factors have not been clarified. To clarify the risk factors associated with constipation, we performed a case-controlled study of 165 hospitalized patients who were not laxative users on admission. They were divided into case (n=35) and control (n=130) groups according to laxative administration during hospitalization. Comparison of the patient backgrounds in the two groups revealed significant differences in the activities of daily living, length of fasting, rest level on admission, cerebrovascular disease, and administration of hypnotics. Multiple logistic regression analysis using these five factors as autonomous variables showed that administration of hypnotics (odds ratio, 2.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-7.06; p=0.031) was significantly related to laxative use. Therefore, the administration of hypnotics may be the principal cause of constipation development in hospitalized patients and they should be used with caution.

  7. Prevalência de hipertensão arterial em militares jovens e fatores associados Prevalencia de hipertensión arterial en militares jóvenes y factores asociados Prevalence of arterial hypertension in young military personnel and associated factors

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniela Wenzel

    2009-10-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de hipertensão arterial entre militares jovens e fatores associados. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado com amostra de 380 militares do sexo masculino de 19 e 35 anos de idade em uma unidade da Força Aérea Brasileira em São Paulo, SP, entre 2000 e 2001. Os pontos de corte para hipertensão foram: >140mmHg para pressão sistólica e > 90mmHg para pressão diastólica. As variáveis estudadas incluíram fatores de risco e de proteção para hipertensão, como características comportamentais e nutricionais. Para análise das associações, utilizou-se regressão linear generalizada múltipla, com família binomial e ligação logarítmica, obtendo-se razões de prevalências com intervalo de 90% de confiança e seleção hierarquizada das variáveis. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de hipertensão arterial foi de 22% (IC 90%: 21;29. No modelo final da regressão múltipla verificou-se prevalência de hipertensão 68% maior entre os ex-fumantes em relação aos não fumantes (IC 90%: 1,13;2,50. Entre os indivíduos com sobrepeso (índice de massa corporal - IMC de 25 a 29kg/m2 e com obesidade (IMC>29kg/m2 as prevalências foram, respectivamente, 75% (IC 90%: 1,23;2,50 e 178% (IC 90%: 1,82;4,25 maiores do que entre os eutróficos. Entre os que praticavam atividade física regular, comparado aos que não praticavam, a prevalência foi 52% menor (IC 90%: 0,30;0,90. CONCLUSÕES: Ser ex-fumante e ter sobrepeso ou obesidade foram situações de risco para hipertensão, enquanto que a prática regular de atividade física foi fator de proteção em militares jovens.OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial entre militares jóvenes y factores asociados. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado con muestra de 380 militares del sexo masculino de 19 y 35 años de edad en una unidad de la Fuerza Aérea Brasilera en la cuidad de São Paulo, Sudeste de Brasil, entre 2000 y 2001. Los puntos de corte para

  8. Annual incidence and standardized incidence ratio of cerebrovascular accidents in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mok, C C; Ho, L Y; To, C H

    2009-01-01

    To study the annual incidence and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The annual incidence of CVA from 1999 to 2007 in a longitudinal cohort of SLE patients was calculated each year and compared with that of the regional population within the same study period. Age-specific SIRs and outcome of CVA in SLE patients were also studied. In 2007, there were 490 SLE patients in our cohort. The mean annual incidence of CVA between 1999 and 2007 was 6.45/1000 patients and no obvious trend over time was observed. Of the 20 CVAs in patients with SLE, 18 (90%) were ischaemic stroke whereas two (10%) were haemorrhagic stroke. The mean SIR of all types of CVA in SLE patients was 2.02 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30-3.81; p = 0.002]. The SIR of ischaemic stroke decreased with age and the stroke incidence was no longer significantly higher than that of the population in patients aged >or= 60 years. Haemorrhagic stroke occurred mainly in younger SLE patients. The duration of hospitalization and the mortality rate for CVA was non-significantly higher in SLE than in non-SLE patients. The incidence of CVA in SLE remained constant over the 8 years between 1999 and 2007. Younger SLE patients are at substantially increased risk of CVA compared to age-matched population. The duration of hospitalization and the mortality rate for CVA are similar in SLE and non-SLE patients.

  9. DITADURA, CONTROLE E REPRESSÃO: REVISITANDO TESES SOBRE OS GOVERNOS MILITARES NO BRASIL

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Arleth Santos Borges

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available O presente artigo é dedicado à análise de questões do debate recente sobre ditadura militar no Brasil, com destaque para as estratégias de controle e repressão social perpetradas por extensa e intrincada rede de polícia política, com suas instituições de informação e repressão, reforçadas por dispositivos jurídico-políticos e culturais de justificação, legitimação e/ou mistificação dessas práticas. Nessa perspectiva, empreende-se uma reflexão sobre o caráter híbrido dessa experiência ditatorial, seus sistemas de informação e repressão, controles sobre o Poder Judiciário e a imposição da censura como mecanismos de controle político e moral.

  10. Air pollution and emergency hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases in Valencia, Spain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ballester, F; Tenías, J M; Pérez-Hoyos, S

    2001-01-01

    To estimate the short-term association between air pollution levels and emergency hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases in Valencia, within 1994-1996 period. Daily levels of air pollution and emergency admissions for cardiovascular diseases were related to using an ecological time series design. The number of admissions was obtained from the hospital records database. Selected groups of causes were all cardiovascular diseases, heart admissions, and admissions for cerebrovascular diseases. The number of admissions for digestive diseases was used as control. Pollutants were black smoke, sulphur dioxide (SO(2)), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O(3)). Magnitude of association was estimated by Poisson autoregressive regression. Estimations were calculated according the hottest (May to October) and the coldest (November to April) periods. City of Valencia, Spain, about 750,000 inhabitants. People being admitted to the two major hospitals in the city, with a catchment area of nearly 400,000 inhabitants. For the whole period, a significant association for SO(2)-24 h was found so a rise in its levels of 10 microg/m(3) was associated with an increment of 3% (95%CI 0.4 to 5.7%) in the expected number of cardiovascular admissions. A significant association for black smoke, SO(2)-24 h, SO(2)-1 h, and CO-1 h was found in the hottest semester. All these associations were verified with a lag of two days. The estimates of the associations for particles, SO(2), and CO were affected by the inclusion of the other pollutants in their models. NO(2) was independently associated with cerebrovascular admissions. There were no significant associations between air pollution and admissions for digestive diseases. Current levels of air pollution and emergency cardiovascular admissions are significantly related in Valencia.

  11. Triagem pré-participação com ECG em recrutas militares

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alon Grossman

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available FUNDAMENTO: Os achados e investigações adicionais necessários com base na triagem pré-participação com eletrocardiograma (ECG entre os recrutas militares estão mal definidos na literatura. OBJETIVOS: Este estudo foi elaborado para avaliar a taxa de achados anormais na triagem pré-participação com ECG em adultos jovens e as avaliações adicionais necessárias com base nestes resultados. MÉTODOS: Um estudo de coorte retrospectivo foi realizado no centro aero-médico da Força Aérea de Israel (IAF, para candidatos das unidades das academias de voo e de tropa s de elite. Os candidatos das unidades das Academias de voo e de elite passam por uma triagem pré-participação com ECG antes do alistamento nas Forças de Defesa de Israel (IDF. Desde 2010, todos os ECGs são realizados no centro aero-médico da IAF. Todos os ECGs realizados desde janeiro de 2010 foram analisados por um de três cardiologistas e todos aqueles nos quais resultados significativos foram identificados foram encaminhados para uma avaliação mais detalhada, a pedido do cardiologista. As causas de encaminhamento para avaliação posterior, as avaliações realizadas e os resultados dessas avaliações são notificados para a população de estudo. RESULTADOS: 1.455 ECGs foram realizados nos anos 2010-2011. Desses, 1.388 (95,39% foram interpretadas como normais. 67 indivíduos foram encaminhados para uma avaliação mais detalhada com base nos achados do ECG. Os achados mais comuns levando a uma avaliação mais detalhada foram alterações da onda T (16 casos, 23,88%, padrão de pré-excitação (14, 20,89% e critérios de voltagem para hipertrofia ventricular esquerda (11; 16,41%. Apenas 7 indivíduos (10,44% tinham resultados anormais que foram considerados clinicamente significativos no final da avaliação médica. CONCLUSÕES: A taxa de achados significantes levando à desqualificação para a atividade militar é extremamente baixa e o encaminhamento para

  12. Do documentário histórico ao imaginário antropológico do regime militar brasileiro: uma leitura simbólica sobre o golpe de 1964

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    Eduardo Portanova Barros

    2017-09-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo oferece uma leitura simbólica sobre o imaginário que movimenta seis filmes documentários relativos ao regime militar brasileiro. Elegemos os Estudos do Imaginário como heurística apropriada à revelação de imagens simbólicas, simbolismos e narrativas míticas estimuladas pelas representações fílmicas tanto do governo de João Goulart quanto do golpe civil-militar que o tirou da Presidência da República. A partir de documentação audiovisual, acessamos os elementos constitutivos do imaginário que move as obras. Assim, esperamos proporcionar uma complementação ao entendimento sobre esse período obscuro da sociedade brasileira, bem como oferecer uma abordagem alternativa à pesquisa em Comunicação sobre documentários históricos.

  13. Motor function declines over time in human immunodeficiency virus and is associated with cerebrovascular disease, while HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder remains stable.

    Science.gov (United States)

    M Elicer, Isabel; Byrd, Desiree; Clark, Uraina S; Morgello, Susan; Robinson-Papp, Jessica

    2018-04-25

    HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent in the combined antiretroviral therapy (CART) era, especially the milder forms. Despite these milder phenotypes, we have shown that motor abnormalities persist and have quantified them with the HIV Dementia Motor Scale (HDMS). Our objectives were to replicate, in an independent sample, our prior findings that the HDMS is associated with cognitive impairment in HIV, while adding consideration of age-associated comorbidities such as cerebrovascular disease, and to examine the longitudinal trajectories of cognitive and motor dysfunction. We included all participants enrolled in the Manhattan HIV Brain Bank (MHBB) from January 2007 to May 2017 who had complete baseline data (N = 164). MHBB participants undergo standardized longitudinal assessments including documentation of comorbidities and medications, blood work, the HDMS, and neurocognitive testing. We found that motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and cerebrovascular disease were significantly associated with each other at baseline. Cerebrovascular disease independently predicted cognitive impairment in a multivariable model. Longitudinal analysis in a subset of 78 participants with ≥ 4 years of follow-up showed a stable cognition but declining motor function. We conclude that the HDMS is a valid measurement of motor dysfunction in HIV-infected patients and is associated with cognitive impairment and the presence of cerebrovascular disease. Cognitive impairment is mild and stable in CART-treated HIV; however, motor function declines over time, which may be related to the accrual of comorbidities such as cerebrovascular disease. Further research should examine the mechanisms underlying motor dysfunction in HIV and its clinical impact.

  14. Cerebrovascular risk factors for patients with cerebral watershed infarction: A case-control study based on computed tomography angiography in a population from Southwest China.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Dong, Mei-Xue; Hu, Ling; Huang, Yuan-Jun; Xu, Xiao-Min; Liu, Yang; Wei, You-Dong

    2017-07-01

    To determine cerebrovascular risk factors for patients with cerebral watershed infarction (CWI) from Southwest China.Patients suffering from acute ischemic stroke were categorized into internal CWI (I-CWI), external CWI (E-CWI), or non-CWI (patients without CWI) groups. Clinical data were collected and degrees of steno-occlusion of all cerebral arteries were scored. Arteries associated with the circle of Willis were also assessed. Data were compared using Pearson chi-squared tests for categorical data and 1-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc tests for continuous data, as appropriate. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent cerebrovascular risk factors for CWI.Compared with non-CWI, I-CWI had higher degrees of steno-occlusion of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery, ipsilateral carotid artery, and contralateral middle cerebral artery. E-CWI showed no significant differences. All the 3 arteries were independent cerebrovascular risk factors for I-CWI confirmed by multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. I-CWI had higher degrees of steno-occlusion of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery compared with E-CWI. No significant differences were found among arteries associated with the circle of Willis.The ipsilateral middle cerebral artery, carotid artery, and contralateral middle cerebral artery were independent cerebrovascular risk factors for I-CWI. No cerebrovascular risk factor was identified for E-CWI.

  15. A Biblioteca da Real Academia dos Guardas-Marinha: a constituição e organização de um acervo especializado mediada pela formação profissional do oficialato militar-

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos André Lopes da Silva

    2014-07-01

    Full Text Available Em 1802, era criada uma biblioteca para prover lentes e alunos da Real Academia dos Guardas-Marinha, instituição militar de ensino que formava o oficialato empregado na Marinha portuguesa, de saberes diversos relacionados com a atividade de uma marinha de guerra. Com a vinda daquela Academia junto com a Corte, a Biblioteca dos Guardas-Marinha tornou-se a primeira biblioteca pública a funcionar no Rio de Janeiro. Contudo, é a organização temática estabelecida pelo seu primeiro diretor que demonstra o entrelaçamento entre conteúdos científicos e artes mecânicas na formação profissional do oficialato militar-naval no período joanino.

  16. Postmenopausal hormone therapy and subclinical cerebrovascular disease

    Science.gov (United States)

    Coker, L H.; Hogan, P E.; Bryan, N R.; Kuller, L H.; Margolis, K L.; Bettermann, K; Wallace, R B.; Lao, Z; Freeman, R; Stefanick, M L.; Shumaker, S A.

    2009-01-01

    Objective: The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) hormone therapy (HT) trials reported that conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) with or without medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) increases risk for all-cause dementia and global cognitive decline. WHIMS MRI measured subclinical cerebrovascular disease as a possible mechanism to explain cognitive decline reported in WHIMS. Methods: We contacted 2,345 women at 14 WHIMS sites; scans were completed on 1,424 (61%) and 1,403 were accepted for analysis. The primary outcome measure was total ischemic lesion volume on brain MRI. Mean duration of on-trial HT or placebo was 4 (CEE+MPA) or 5.6 years (CEE-Alone) and scans were conducted an average of 3 (CEE+MPA) or 1.4 years (CEE-Alone) post-trial termination. Cross-sectional analysis of MRI lesions was conducted; general linear models were fitted to assess treatment group differences using analysis of covariance. A (two-tailed) critical value of α = 0.05 was used. Results: In women evenly matched within trials at baseline, increased lesion volumes were significantly related to age, smoking, history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, lower post-trial global cognition scores, and increased incident cases of on- or post-trial mild cognitive impairment or probable dementia. Mean ischemic lesion volumes were slightly larger for the CEE+MPA group vs placebo, except for the basal ganglia, but the differences were not significant. Women assigned to CEE-Alone had similar mean ischemic lesion volumes compared to placebo. Conclusions: Conjugated equine estrogen–based hormone therapy was not associated with a significant increase in ischemic brain lesion volume relative to placebo. This finding was consistent within each trial and in pooled analyses across trials. GLOSSARY 3MSE = modified Mini-Mental State Examination; BMI = body mass index; CEE = conjugated equine estrogen; CVD = cerebrovascular disease; HT = hormone therapy; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; MPA

  17. Militares en el Mundo Urbano Fronterizo Castellano (siglos XVI-XVII Soldiers within the frontier urban communities of Castile (XVI-XVII centuries

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    Susana TRUCHUElO GARCÍA

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se estudian diversos espacios urbanos fronterizos y costeros que albergaban presidios reales en Castilla en los siglos XVI y XVII. Se valoran las prácticas de gobierno que relacionaron, por una parte, a los vecinos, sujetos a la jurisdicción de los alcaldes y el corregidor, y, por otra, a los soldados, beneficiados por el fuero militar. Muchas de las discordias estuvieron causadas por las competencias de jurisdicción entre los distintos poderes, por el aumento de atribuciones de los militares en los contextos bélicos, por el control ejercido por los militares en las milicias concejiles y por la participación de los soldados en las instituciones de gobierno de la ciudad. Este estudio nos permite comprender el proceso de definición de una identidad particular en las ciudades fronterizas, sustentada en la exclusión de la comunidad de todo elemento que intentara segregarse del marco de acción de las autoridades urbanas y de la jurisdicción ordinaria.From different viewpoints, this article analyzes urban frontier coastal spaces in early modern Castile (16th and 17th centuries. The central focus is on the government practices that had to deal with quite different affairs, but mainly on arbitration of conflicts between urban neighbors and soldiers. The first were under the main magistrate so-called Corregidor jurisdiction, helped in this task by alcaldes (a special variety of mayors. The soldiers had specific military jurisdiction apart from that ordinary for the neighborhood. Many disputes were jurisdictional conflicts due to military special competences in war contexts, when the army widened its powers to control council regiments (milicias concejiles, and also to deal with the military participation in urban in institutions and government. These problems analysis points out the features that create a particular urban-frontier identity, based on the definition of urban community with the exclusion of individuals, groups and

  18. High-intensity interval exercise and cerebrovascular health: curiosity, cause, and consequence.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lucas, Samuel J E; Cotter, James D; Brassard, Patrice; Bailey, Damian M

    2015-06-01

    Exercise is a uniquely effective and pluripotent medicine against several noncommunicable diseases of westernised lifestyles, including protection against neurodegenerative disorders. High-intensity interval exercise training (HIT) is emerging as an effective alternative to current health-related exercise guidelines. Compared with traditional moderate-intensity continuous exercise training, HIT confers equivalent if not indeed superior metabolic, cardiac, and systemic vascular adaptation. Consequently, HIT is being promoted as a more time-efficient and practical approach to optimize health thereby reducing the burden of disease associated with physical inactivity. However, no studies to date have examined the impact of HIT on the cerebrovasculature and corresponding implications for cognitive function. This review critiques the implications of HIT for cerebrovascular function, with a focus on the mechanisms and translational impact for patient health and well-being. It also introduces similarly novel interventions currently under investigation as alternative means of accelerating exercise-induced cerebrovascular adaptation. We highlight a need for studies of the mechanisms and thereby also the optimal dose-response strategies to guide exercise prescription, and for studies to explore alternative approaches to optimize exercise outcomes in brain-related health and disease prevention. From a clinical perspective, interventions that selectively target the aging brain have the potential to prevent stroke and associated neurovascular diseases.

  19. Diabetes mellitus: long-term prognostic value of whole-body MR imaging for the occurrence of cardiac and cerebrovascular events.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bamberg, Fabian; Parhofer, Klaus G; Lochner, Elena; Marcus, Roy P; Theisen, Daniel; Findeisen, Hannes M; Hoffmann, Udo; Schönberg, Stefan O; Schlett, Christopher L; Reiser, Maximilian F; Weckbach, Sabine

    2013-12-01

    To study the predictive value of whole-body magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the occurrence of cardiac and cerebrovascular events in a cohort of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). This HIPAA-compliant study was approved by the institutional review board. Informed consent was obtained from all patients before enrollment into the study. The authors followed up 65 patients with DM (types 1 and 2) who underwent a comprehensive, contrast material-enhanced whole-body MR imaging protocol, including brain, cardiac, and vascular sequences at baseline. Follow-up was performed by phone interview. The primary endpoint was a major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE), which was defined as composite cardiac-cerebrovascular death, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular event, or revascularization. MR images were assessed for the presence of systemic atherosclerotic vessel changes, white matter lesions, and myocardial changes. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to determine associations. Follow-up was completed in 61 patients (94%; median age, 67.5 years; 30 women [49%]; median follow-up, 70 months); 14 of the 61 patients (23%) experienced MACCE. Although normal whole-body MR imaging excluded MACCE during the follow-up period (0%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0%, 17%), any detectable ischemic and/or atherosclerotic changes at whole-body MR imaging (prevalence, 66%) conferred a cumulative event rate of 20% at 3 years and 35% at 6 years. Whole-body MR imaging summary estimate of disease was strongly predictive for MACCE (one increment of vessel score and each territory with atherosclerotic changes: hazard ratio, 13.2 [95% CI: 4.5, 40.1] and 3.9 [95% CI: 2.2, 7.5], respectively), also beyond clinical characteristics as well as individual cardiac or cerebrovascular MR findings. These initial data indicate that disease burden as assessed with whole-body MR imaging confers strong prognostic information in patients with DM. Online

  20. ¡ESTAMOS EN GUERRA, SEÑORES!: EL RÉGIMEN MILITAR DE PINOCHET Y EL "PUEBLO", 1973-1980

    OpenAIRE

    Verónica Valdivia Ortiz de Zárate

    2010-01-01

    Este artículo analiza la relación del régimen militar del general Augusto Pinochet con los sectores populares durante la década de 1970, poniendo en cuestión las afirmaciones de un entendimiento excluyente con la alta burguesía. La hipótesis sostiene que el régimen se propuso cooptar al mundo popular, históricamente asociado al centro y la izquierda política y que, por lo tanto, su relación con el “pueblo” no se remitió exclusivamente a la represión. Ello se habría debido a que la “guerra” de...

  1. Avaliação de Medos, Crenças e Comportamentos de Evitação em Policiais Militares de Minas Gerais Portadores de Dor Lombar Crônica/Fear-Avoidance Assessment in Minas Gerais Military Police Agents With Low Back Pain

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marcelo von Sperling de Souza

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available Objetivo: descrever os índices de medos, crenças e evitação em policiais militares portadores de dor lombar crônica, acompanhados pelo Grupo de Coluna Vertebral do Hospital da Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais (PMMG. Materiais e métodos: durante um período de três anos, estas variáveis foram medidas pelo Fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire (FABQ versão português-brasileira, preenchido por autorrelato. As demais variáveis utilizadas para classificação da amostra em subgrupos e comparação destes quanto aos seus escores no FABQ foram idade, sexo, histórico de procedimento invasivo de coluna, presença de radiculopatia e encaminhamento pela Junta Central de Saúde (JCS, órgão oficial de perícias médicas na PMMG. Resultados: 248 militares preencheram o questionário satisfatoriamente e foram incluídos no estudo. A média de pontuação do FABQ-Work foi de 23,18 ± 10,79, enquanto a média de pontuação do FABQ-Phys foi de 18,10 ± 6,09. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos escores dos subgrupos divididos por sexo, histórico de procedimento invasivo ou presença de radiculopatia. Indivíduos com idade superior a 40 anos apresentaram maiores índices de medo e evitação para atividades físicas (FABQ-Phys. Indivíduos que se encontravam em afastamento prolongado do trabalho (encaminhados pela JCS apresentaram maior medo e evitação tanto para atividades físicas quanto atividades de trabalho. Conclusão: estes resultados permitiram identificar características dos policias militares em risco de incapacidade prolongada, ressaltando a necessidade de medidas educativas focadas na correção de crenças errôneas sobre dor lombar crônica para um melhor prognóstico na sua reabilitação. Objectives: the purpose of this study was to describe fear-avoidance levels in military police agents with chronic low back pain followed by the Spine Group of the Military Police Hospital. Materials and Methods: The Brazilian

  2. Fuerzas Militares de Colombia Ejército Nacional VIII División : el conflicto armado en las regiones

    OpenAIRE

    Ospina Herrera, Angee Tatiana; Sanmiguel Guzmán, Fredy Francisco; Malagón Gómez, Nicholas Esteban; Patiño Villafañe, Juan Manuel; Vargas Bustillo, Zayed Eduardo

    2017-01-01

    El propósito central de este documento de investigación es presentar la perspectiva histórica y operacional de los hechos ocurridos en la jurisdicción de la Octava División del Ejército Nacional de Colombia. La Octava División fue creada en el año 2009 con sede en Yopal, Casanare, con el objetivo de fortalecer el proceso de mejoramiento y crecimiento de las operaciones militares que adelanta el Ejército Nacional en todo el país, especialmente en el oriente colombiano. Actualmente, esta divisi...

  3. Melhoria na segurança pública com treinamento continuado do policial militar em estande de tiro modelo

    OpenAIRE

    Furuie, Lesly Miki Abe

    2013-01-01

    Resumo: A evolução das técnicas, o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias, novas condições de trabalho exigem do ser humano, independentemente da profissão exercida, uma atualização profissional representada pela necessidade de capacitação, treinamento ou aperfeiçoamento que devem ser obtidos em locais ideais e adequados à sua realização. O policial militar é um dos profissionais responsáveis pela segurança e integridade física de cidadãos e do patrimônio, necessitando de treinamento adequado ...

  4. Guardianes de la memoria. La conmemoración del golpe militar entre los exiliados argentinos en México

    OpenAIRE

    Susana Sosenski

    2005-01-01

    Este artículo reconstruye la conmemoración pública y colectiva entre los exiliados argentinos en México del 24 de marzo, fecha del golpe militar que sufrió Argentina en 1976 y que inició la última dictadura en ese país. Para miles de hombres, mujeres y niños esta fecha significó la irrupción violenta de la historia nacional en su historia personal. Entre los exiliados políticos argentinos en México el 24 de marzo aparece como un lugar de la memoria, como un espacio de lucha...

  5. Transgresores de la legalidad: los militares y su lucha legítima por el poder en San Luis Potosí, 1869-1870

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flor de María Salazar Mendoza

    2014-09-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo, se analizan las razones que motivaron a un grupo de militares encabezados por el general Francisco Antonio Aguirre a inconformarse ante el desarrollo de las elecciones para gobernador en el año de 1869 ya que los miembros de la legislatura local, no declararon gobernador constitucional electo. Ante este escenario indefinido, los militares transgredieron el orden al iniciar un pronunciamiento para externar su inconformidad. El gobierno general intervino en la vida política interna de los potosinos al ordenar a una facción del ejército regular de la federación que sofocara a los pronunciados. El movimiento político tomó otra dimensión y los sublevados redactaron un Plan político en contra del presidente Benito Juárez y sus ministros. El movimiento se mantuvo vigente al iniciar 1870 así el gobierno general envió a San Luis Potosí al general Mariano Escobedo con el propósito de restablecer a las autoridades legítimas. Luego de conseguir su objetivo, Escobedo se postuló como gobernador y ganó las elecciones en ese año. Las fuentes documentales primarias que utilicé se localizan en archivos locales y del extranjero.

  6. Análise Histórico-sociológica das mudanças comportamentais femininas e do impacto destas nas famílias militares * Historical and sociological analysis of women’s behavioral changes and their impact in military families

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MARIA CECÍLIA DE OLIVEIRA ADÃO

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Resumo: Em uma análise complementar entre elementos teóricos sociológicos, metodologia e pesquisa histórica, buscamos compreender como as mudanças comportamentais empreendidas pelas mulheres, desde os anos 1960 até hoje, impactam nos arranjos familiares dos oficiais militares. Tendo o casamento como espaço onde o oficial encontra suporte para realizar suas exigências profissionais, bem como espaço para o exercício dos valores militares, cremos que é pertinente verificar como as alterações no comportamento feminino influem nestes arranjos familiares específicos. Utilizamos a História Oral como método de recolhimento e análise documental, percebemos uma crescente valorização da profissionalização feminina, que resulta em novos acordos familiares e em diferentes níveis de engajamento da esposa no projeto profissional do militar, afetando tanto a Família Militar quanto a instituição castrense.Palavras-chave: História; Sociologia; militares; família; mudanças comportamentais femininas.Abstract: In an additional analysis among theoretical and sociological elements, methodology and historical research, this study aims at understanding how women’s behavioral changes, since the decade of 1960, affect military officers’ familiar arrangements. Regarding marriage as a place where the military officer finds support to carry out his professional requirements, as well as his military values, we consider relevant verifying how women’s behavioral changes affect these specific familiar arrangements and, as a consequence, the regulations of the military institution. Documentary analysis and Oral History as method of collecting were used. These method allowed us to see a growing appreciation of female professionalization, which results in new family arrangements and at different levels of wife’s engagement in military’s professional project, affecting the Military Family and the military institution.Keywords: History; Sociology

  7. Rethinking School Safety in the Age of Empire: Militarization, Mental Health, and State Violence

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    Laura Jordan Jaffee

    2018-02-01

    Full Text Available Calls for stricter gun control and mental health screening often come on the heels of school shootings, which have raised national concerns about school safety. The implication is that people with psychiatric disabilities are dangerous or threatening, and that preventing them from owning guns will make schools safer. This paper challenges this assumption by considering dominant discourses about school safety and mental health alongside the increasing militarization of U.S. schools. Advocating reducing violence by identifying individuals with psychiatric disabilities—or those labelled with mental illnesses presumed to render them dangerous—erases the profound state violence schools engender in the service of empire while perpetuating ableist assumptions about people with psychiatric disabilities. In the age of empire and endless imperialist war, we need to challenge prevailing conceptions of both school safety and mental health.

  8. The incidence of cerebrovascular accidents in patients with pituitary adenoma

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Brada, M.; Burchell, L.; Ashley, S.; Traish, D.

    1999-01-01

    Background and Purpose: Patients with pituitary adenomas are effectively treated with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and medical therapy. Nevertheless, long-term studies suggest increased mortality that is independent of tumor control, with cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) as the major contributing cause. The purpose of this study was to define the frequency of CVAs in a cohort of patients with pituitary adenoma and identify potential predisposing factors. Patients and Methods: A cohort of 331 United Kingdom (UK) residents with pituitary adenoma treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital (RMH) between 1962 and 1986 was studied. The frequency of CVA was assessed from RMH and referring hospital records and clinicians, by postal questionnaire of referring hospitals and general practitioners, and by examination of all death certificates. The data were analyzed by actuarial methods, and risk factors were assessed by multivariate analysis. The data were compared to the incidence of CVA in the general population using a published UK population cohort. Results: Sixty-four of 331 patients developed CVA after primary treatment of pituitary adenoma. The actuarial incidence of CVA was 4% (95% CI: 2-7%) at 5 years, 11% (95% CI: 8-14%) at 10 years, and 21% (95% CI: 16-28%) at 20 years measured from the date of radiotherapy. The relative risk of CVA compared to the general population in the UK was 4.1. Age was an independent predictive factor for CVA. However, the relative risk in comparison to the general population was independent of age. The relative risk of developing CVA was higher in women compared to men, in patients undergoing debulking surgery compared to less radical procedures, and in patients diagnosed and treated in the 1980s compared to previous decades. The dose of radiotherapy was an additional independent prognostic factor on multivariate analysis. Conclusion: Patients with pituitary adenoma treated with surgery and radiotherapy have a significantly increased

  9. The diagnostic value of 13N-ammonia PET in ischemic cerebrovascular disorders

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Qiao Shuixian; Tang Anwu; Wang Lijuan; Liu Xintong; Yuan Yanbo; Chen Liguang; Luo Yaowu; Zhang Xiangsong; Wang Shuxia; Liu Bin; Xu Weiping

    2002-01-01

    Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of 13 N-ammonia PET in diagnosing ischemic cerebrovascular disorders. Methods: A total of 25 subjects were investigated. Five healthy volunteers served as normal control. Twenty patients included 13 with transient ischemic attack (TIA), 6 with brain infarction and 1 with moyamoya disease. 740-925 MBq of 13 N-ammonia was injected intravenously, 3-5 min later, PET imaging was performed with T + E 2D acquisition with Siemens ECAT EXACT HR + PET scanner. Image analysis was done by visual and semiquantitative estimating. Standardized uptake value (SUV) was measured in mirror regions of cerebrum with autocopy methods. Nine patients underwent drug stress with oral acetazolamide (ACZ). Images were compared before and after oral ACZ intervention. Results: Physiological brain uptake with SUV ratio of 0.99 +- 0.15 (n=5, left/right) was observed in healthy volunteers. L/N 13 N-ammonia as radioactive tracer was a safe and noninvasive, sensitive and accurate functional imaging modality for brain perfusion. The oral ACZ stress is a safe, simple and reliable diagnostic method for ischemic cerebrovascular disorders. It is of important uses in detecting the potential reserve of cerebral blood flow

  10. Cerebrovascular Accident Incidence in the NASA Astronaut Population

    Science.gov (United States)

    LaPelusa, Michael B.; Charvat, Jacqueline M.; Lee, Lesley R.; Wear, Mary L.; Van Baalen, Mary

    2016-01-01

    The development of atherosclerosis is strongly associated with an increased risk for cerebrovascular accidents (CVA), including stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Certain unique occupational exposures that individuals in the NASA astronaut corps face, specifically high-performance aircraft training, SCUBA training, and spaceflight, are hypothesized to cause changes to the cardiovascular system. These changes, which include (but are not limited to) oxidative damage as a result of radiation exposure and circadian rhythm disturbance, increased arterial stiffness, and increased carotid-intima-media thickness (CIMT), may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and subsequent CVA. The purpose of this study was to review cases of CVA in the NASA astronaut corps and describe the comorbidities and occupational exposures associated with CVA.

  11. Cerebrovascular reactivity changes in asymptomatic female athletes attributable to high school soccer participation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Svaldi, Diana O; McCuen, Emily C; Joshi, Chetas; Robinson, Meghan E; Nho, Yeseul; Hannemann, Robert; Nauman, Eric A; Leverenz, Larry J; Talavage, Thomas M

    2017-02-01

    As participation in women's soccer continues to grow and the longevity of female athletes' careers continues to increase, prevention and care for mTBI in women's soccer has become a major concern for female athletes since the long-term risks associated with a history of mTBI are well documented. Among women's sports, soccer exhibits among the highest concussion rates, on par with those of men's football at the collegiate level. Head impact monitoring technology has revealed that "concussive hits" occurring directly before symptomatic injury are not predictive of mTBI, suggesting that the cumulative effect of repetitive head impacts experienced by collision sport athletes should be assessed. Neuroimaging biomarkers have proven to be valuable in detecting brain changes that occur before neurocognitive symptoms in collision sport athletes. Quantifying the relationship between changes in these biomarkers and head impacts experienced by female soccer athletes may prove valuable to developing preventative measures for mTBI. This study paired functional magnetic resonance imaging with head impact monitoring to track cerebrovascular reactivity changes throughout a season and to test whether the observed changes could be attributed to mechanical loading experienced by female athletes participating in high school soccer. Marked cerebrovascular reactivity changes were observed in female soccer athletes, relative both to non-collision sport control measures and pre-season measures and were localized to fronto-temporal aspects of the brain. These changes persisted 4-5 months after the season ended and recovered by 8 months after the season. Segregation of the total soccer cohort into cumulative loading groups revealed that population-level changes were driven by athletes experiencing high cumulative loads, although athletes experiencing lower cumulative loads still contributed to group changes. The results of this study imply a non-linear relationship between cumulative

  12. The Vulnerability of Vessels Involved in the Role of Embolism and Hypoperfusion in the Mechanisms of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yong Peng Yu

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Accurate definition and better understanding of the mechanisms of stroke are crucial as this will guide the effective care and therapy. In this paper, we review the previous basic and clinical researches on the causes or mechanisms of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD and interpret the correlation between embolism and hypoperfusion based on vascular stenosis and arterial intimal lesions. It was suggested that if there is no embolus (dynamic or in situ emboli, there might be no cerebral infarction. Three kinds of different clinical outcomes of TIA were theoretically interpreted based on its mechanisms. We suppose that there is a correlation between embolism and hypoperfusion, and which mechanisms (hypoperfusion or hypoperfusion induced microemboli playing the dominant role in each type of ICVD depends on the unique background of arterial intimal lesions (the vulnerability of vessels. That is to say, the vulnerability of vessels is involved in the role of embolism and hypoperfusion in the mechanisms of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. This inference might enrich and provide better understandings for the underlying etiologies of ischemic cerebrovascular events.

  13. Study on the relationship between serum leptin level and ischemic cerebrovascular disease (ICVD)

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Luo Nanping; Hu Chengjing; Wang Ruishan; Yin Qiuxia; Niu Aijun; Xue Lian; Xue Shenwu; Chen Qing

    2004-01-01

    Objective: To investigate the inter-relationship among serum leptin insulin resistance and blood lipids, and to explore the role of leptin in the pathogenesis of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD). Methods: Levels of serum leptin, insulin and blood lipids were determined with RIA in 131 patients with different types of ICVD and 36 controls. Results: The levels of serum leptin in ICVD patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (P<0.01). Changes of blood lipids and insulin paralleled those of leptin (cxcept with HDL-C). The serum leptin were positively correlated to cholesterol, TG and insulin levels (r=0.45, P<0.05; r=0.31, P<0.05, r=0.55, P<0.01), but negatively correlated to HDL-C (r=-0.88, P<0.05). Conclusion: The high expression of leptin in ICVD patients is associated with high lipid and insulin levels. The close relationship among them indicates that high leptin levels play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome as well as atheromatous cerebrovascular diseases. (authors)

  14. Neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of cerebrovascular accidents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ghannam, Alaa S Bou; Subramanian, Prem S

    2017-11-01

    Ocular functions can be affected in almost any type of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) creating a burden on the patient and family and limiting functionality. The present review summarizes the different ocular outcomes after stroke, divided into three categories: vision, ocular motility, and visual perception. We also discuss interventions that have been proposed to help restore vision and perception after CVA. Interventions that might help expand or compensate for visual field loss and visuospatial neglect include explorative saccade training, prisms, visual restoration therapy (VRT), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). VRT makes use of neuroplasticity, which has shown efficacy in animal models but remains controversial in human studies. CVAs can lead to decreased visual acuity, visual field loss, ocular motility abnormalities, and visuospatial perception deficits. Although ocular motility problems can be corrected with surgery, vision, and perception deficits are more difficult to overcome. Interventions to restore or compensate for visual field deficits are controversial despite theoretical underpinnings, animal model evidence, and case reports of their efficacies.

  15. Acetazolamide as a vasodilatory stimulus in cerebrovascular diseases and in conditions affecting the cerebral vasculature

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Settakis, G.; Molnár, C.; Kerényi, L.; Kollár, J.; Legemate, D.; Csiba, L.; Fülesdi, B.

    2003-01-01

    Pathologic processes affecting the brain vessels may damage cerebral vasodilatory capacity. Early detection of cerebral dysfunction plays an important role in the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases. In recent decades acetazolamide (AZ) has frequently been used for this purpose. In the present

  16. Cerebrovascular accident in the aged: changes in family relations El anciano tras accidente cerebrovascular: alteraciones en el relacionamento familiar O idoso após acidente vascular cerebral: alterações no relacionamento familiar

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sueli Marques

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available The aims of this study were: to identify aged persons who were victims of Cerebrovascular Accident and received care at the Emergency Unit of a Public Hospital in Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil, and their respective families, as well as to identify the changes in family relations that occurred after the event. In order to identify these changes, the adapted Critical Incident Technique was used, while the analysis was based on the idea of Current of Thought. The sample consisted of 11 families, totaling 34 participants. The analysis of the consequences displayed the changes in family relations, which made up 13 subcategories, 5 of which were positive and 8 negative, totaling 58 alterations, 30 of which were positive and 28 negative. The study revealed the need to work with the family in order to identify changes and develop an action plan to favor the family's relations and adaptation to the demands, with a view to improving the living conditions of its members, including the aged person.Las finalidades de este estudio fueron las de identificar a los ancianos con diagnóstico médico de Accidente Cerebrovascular, atendidos en la Unidad de Emergencia de un Hospital Gubernamental de Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brasil, y a sus respectivas familias y también identificar las alteraciones en el relacionamiento familiar, que ocurrieron tras el evento. Fue utilizada la Técnica de Incidentes Críticos adaptada para identificar las alteraciones en el relacionamiento familiar ocurridas tras la enfermedad. Para el análisis, fue adoptada la reflexión del Camino del Pensamiento. La muestra fue compuesta por 11 familias, totalizando 34 participantes. El análisis de las consecuencias reveló las alteraciones en el relacionamiento familiar, que constituyeron 13 subcategorías, 5 positivas y 8 negativas, con un total de 58 alteraciones, siendo 30 positivas y 28 negativas. El estudio reveló la necesidad de trabajar con la familia para identificar las alteraciones y

  17. Evaluation of high-pitch dual-source CT angiography for evaluation of coronary and carotid-cerebrovascular arteries

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Sun, Kai [Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053 (China); Li, Kuncheng, E-mail: cjr.likuncheng@vip.163.com [Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053 (China); Han, Ruijuan [Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020 (China); Li, Wenhuan; Chen, Nan; Yang, Qi; Du, Xiangying; Wang, Chen [Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053 (China); Liu, Guorong; Li, Yuechun [Department of Neurology Baotou Central Hospital, Inner Mongolia, Baotou 014040 (China); Zhou, Maorong [Department of Radiology, Baotou Central Hospital, Inner Mongolia, Baotou 014040 (China); Li, Ligang; Heidrun, Endt [CT BM Clinic Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Beijing 100102 (China)

    2015-03-15

    Objectives: To explore the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of a combined one-step high-pitch dual-source computed tomography angiography (CTA) technique for evaluation of coronary and carotid-cerebrovascular arteries. Materials and methods: 85 symptomatic patients suspected of coronary artery and cerebrovascular disease referred for simultaneous coronary and carotid-cerebrovascular CTA were included. Additional invasive angiography of the coronary and cerebral arteries was performed within 30 days in 23 and 13 patients, respectively. The objective parameters of image quality, the mean CT attenuations, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were evaluated. The subjective image quality of vessels was also assessed by 2 independent radiologists blinded to the patients’ medical history and scan protocols. The diagnostic performance of CTA including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the detection or exclusion of significant artery stenosis was calculated using the chi-squared test of contingency and correlated with the results of invasive angiography representing the standard of reference. Results: Image quality was rated excellent (score 1) in 95.3% (1074/1127), good (score 2) in 3.3% (37/1127), adequate (score 3) in 1.0% (11/1127), and non-diagnostic (score 4) in 0.4% (5/1127) of coronary segments. Image quality of carotid and cerebral vessels was rated mostly excellent (score 1, 95.12% [78/82]; score 2, 3.66% [3/82]; score 3, 1.22% [1/82]). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for the detection of coronary stenosis were 92.2% (81.1–97.7%), 95.2% (91.7–97.5%), 79.6% (67.1–89.1%) and 98.3% (95.8–99.5%), respectively. For the detection of carotid and cerebral artery stenosis, CTA demonstrated a sensitivity of 92.8% (80.5–98.4%), a specificity of 93.5% (88.3–96.8%), a PPV of 79.6% (65.6–89.7%) and a NPV of 97.9% (94.1–99.5%). The effective

  18. Sonhar o desaparecimento forçado de pessoas: impossibilidade de presença e perenidade de ausência como efeito do legado da ditadura civil-militar no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paulo Cesar Endo

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available Resumo Este artigo discute alguns efeitos sociais, políticos e psíquicos do desaparecimento forçado como efeito de estratégias utilizadas no período da ditadura militar brasileira. Tais estratégias, que se escoravam e se escoram na certeza da impunidade e na indiferença diante das vítimas e dos sobreviventes, se presentificam hoje no agravo do sofrimento dos familiares ainda vivos, preservado pela letargia do Estado brasileiro, após o fim do período ditatorial, diante dos deveres em cumprir as principais resoluções internacionais de direitos humanos, relativas ao combate ao desaparecimento forçado de pessoas. Reconhecemos na elaboração onírica traços, pistas e pegadas de experiências que teimam em persistir e que ainda buscam seu estatuto linguageiro e seu reconhecimento social 50 anos após o golpe civil-militar no país.

  19. The effects of 'Oren-gedoku-to' and quantitative evaluation of cerebral blood flow for cerebrovascular diseases

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Ushikubo, Yukio; Sakurai, Takatoshi; Yokouchi, Tetuya

    1998-01-01

    Fifty-seven patients with sequela of cerebrovascular diseases were treated with 'Oren-gedoku-to' for 8 weeks to examine the possibilities of improvements in subjective symptom, motive deterioration, mental disorder, unusual behaviors and intellectual malfunction. These symptoms showed improvement of 41.6%, 54.2%, 75.0%, 63.0%, 21.3%, respectively. For 21 patients, amount of regional cerebral blood flow were measured with SPECT. Results showed an increase of 1.7ml/100g/min. at average. However, there was no statistical difference observed among 'improved' cases, 'slightly improved' cases and 'no change or deteriorated' cases. 'Oren-gedoku-to' worked effectively for cerebrovascular diseases with the exception of intellectual malfunction. Results of the SPECT suggest though, it is uncertain whether these improvements were brought about by the increase of cerebral blood flow. (author)

  20. Comparison of Risk Factors of Stroke and Myocardial Infarction in Patients 15 to 45 Years in Affiliated Hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences

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    Alijan Ahmadi Ahangar

    2016-12-01

    Full Text Available Background Myocardial infarction (MI and stroke are the second and third leading causes of death in the world. By identifying the risk factors we can take the necessary measures to prevent the occurrence of these diseases. Methods In this retrospective study, 90 MI patients and 90 stroke patients 15 - 45 year admitted to hospitals of Babol University of Medical Sciences that randomly arranged by the time of hospitalization conducted. Demographics, laboratory test and risk factors were collected using check list. The data analyzed with McNemar and Npar tests by using SPSS 21 version software. Results The most common risk factor in young patient was a history of cerebrovascular disease that in stroke was 31 cases (34% And in MI was 33 cases (37%. History of cerebrovascular disease with MI was significant 33 (37%, 57(63%, P = 0.047. A history of cardiovascular disease with stroke was significant (20 (22%, 70 (68, P = 0.001. A history of addiction with MI was significant (23 (26%, 67 (74%, P < 0.001. In stroke patients 52 cases (% 57 low-density lipoprotein (LDL was high and in 66 cases (73.1% high-density lipoprotein (HDL was low. In patients with MI in 46 patients (51% LDL was high and the 66 patients (73% HDL was low. Conclusions Young peoples with a history of cerebrovascular, cardiovascular disease and addictions should be considering as target society. Primary health care system must identify high-risk individuals, and policy barriers that prevent implementation of programs to lower death rate.

  1. Nuclear medicine imaging in cerebrovascular disorders; Nuklearmedizinische Bildgebung bei zerebrovaskulaeren Erkrankungen

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Barthel, H. [Universitaetsklinikum Leipzig A.oe.R. (Germany). Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin; Leipzig Univ. (Germany). Translationszentrum fuer Regenerative Medizin; Hesse, S.; Sabri, O. [Universitaetsklinikum Leipzig A.oe.R. (Germany). Klinik und Poliklinik fuer Nuklearmedizin

    2007-09-15

    For diagnosing cerebrovascular disorders, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) employing blood flow and oxygen consumption markers is applied. Currently, competing imaging techniques which do not rely on radiotracers are more dominant in clinical routine. However, brain SPECT and PET substantially contribute towards diagnosis and therapy monitoring in acute and chronic cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, cerebral vasculitis, vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage, brain tolerance during balloon occlusion tests and brain death can be accurately diagnosed. (orig.)

  2. Association between ALT level and the rate of cardio/cerebrovascular events in HIV-positive individuals

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sabin, Caroline A; Ryom, Lene; Kovari, Helen

    2013-01-01

    An inverse association between serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) has been reported in the general population. We investigated associations between ALT levels and the risk of various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes in a large cohort ...

  3. Exército, Nação e Saúde: A medicina militar brasileira como elemento de criação de fronteira nacionais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Tiago Penteado Bomfim

    2017-12-01

    Full Text Available Pretendemos a partir deste texto investigar e analisar, a atuação do médico e higienista do exército brasileiro Arthur Lobo da Silva, como produtor do conhecimento cientifico da área da saúde desta instituição, entre os anos de 1920 a 1940. Do mesmo modo, será preciso entender de que maneira a medicina militar se constituiu como um elemento criador de fronteira no início do século XX. A participação de Arthur Lobo da Silva nestes campos foi materializada em diversas publicações como jornais, periódicos, entre outros. Tais obras servirão de componente básico para analise deste trabalho. Destaca-se que as ideias do autor sobre higiene, saúde, e o papel do exército nos permitirão compreender a sua representação de nação, fronteira e região e o que este autor acredita ser o papel do Estado brasileiro no período. Ao expor tais opiniões e posicionamentos Arthur Lobo da Silva ira se inserir no debate com outros intelectuais brasileiros, a respeito dos problemas sanitários do país o que inviabilizava no período a criação de uma “nação”, “fronteira” e de um “povo brasileiro”, a inserção destes militares nesta discussão legitimou o papel do Exército como uma das soluções sociais para estes problemas. Para fazer tal analise, além de utilizar algumas publicações de Arthur Lobo da Silva, em periódicos militares e civis, os livros A luta contra as moléstias venéreas no Exército brasileiro (1929, O serviço de saúde do Exército brasileiro (1958, Antropologia no Exército brasileiro (1929, também serão utilizados para mapear a sua trajetória intelectual.

  4. Clinical evaluation of SPECT in cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Oshibuchi, Masao; Satoh, Mitsutaka; Kanda, Tetsuro; Nishi, Fumiaki; Yamane, Kanji; Fujimatsu, Masahiko; Edamitsu, Satoshi; Anno, Yasuro; Ohtake, Hisashi.

    1989-01-01

    In 131 patients with cerebrovascular disease, regional cerebral blood flow were determined by 123 I-IMP (N-isopropyl ( 123 I)-iodoamphetamine) or 99m Tc-HM-PAO ( 99m Tc (d, 1)-hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime) SPECT and findings were compared with those of X-CT or MRI. The perfusion deficit detected by SPECT was larger than the deficit by X-CT or MRI in every case. The perfusion deficit area was more clearly demonstrated by SPECT than by X-CT or MRI in patients with acute cerebral infarction. The hypoperfusion area determined by 123 I-IMP SPECT was wider than that by 99m Tc-HM-PAO SPECT. The crossed cerebellar diaschisis was observed in 56 out of 131 cases (43%). The results of operation were quantitatively evaluated by 123 I-IMP SPECT in 25 patients. (author)

  5. Urgencias neuroquirúrgicas en el Instituto Superior de Medicina Militar "Luis Díaz Soto": Estudio de cinco años

    OpenAIRE

    Felipe Morán, Armando; Quintanal Cordero, Nelson; Tápanes Domínguez, Alejandro; Pérez La O, Pablo; Fuentes Rodríguez, Nelson; Fuertes Vicente, Dania

    2006-01-01

    Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, descriptivo y longitudinal de la conducta neuroquirúrgica seguida con todos los pacientes atendidos desde enero de 1998 hasta diciembre de 2002 en el Cuerpo de Guardia del Instituto Superior de Medicina Militar “Dr. Luis Díaz Soto”. Los datos se obtuvieron en las entregas de guardia, registros médicos, historias clínicas, libro de control de intervenciones quirúrgicas y de ingresos. En total se atendieron 8 113 pacientes, de ellos el 17 % correspondió a niño...

  6. Depression, anxiety and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients following coronary artery bypass graft surgery

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Tully, Phillip J; Winefield, Helen R; Baker, Robert A

    2015-01-01

    anhedonia, anxious arousal and general distress/negative affect symptom dimensions. Incident MACCE was defined as fatal or non-fatal; myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, repeat revascularization, heart failure, sustained arrhythmia, stroke or cerebrovascular accident, left ventricular failure......BACKGROUND: Although depression and anxiety have been implicated in risk for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), a theoretical approach to identifying such putative links is lacking. The objective of this study was to examine the association between theoretical...... and mortality due to cardiac causes. Time-to-MACCE was determined by hazard modelling after adjustment for EuroSCORE, smoking, body mass index, hypertension, heart failure and peripheral vascular disease. RESULTS: In the total sample, there were 698 cumulative person years of survival for analysis with a median...

  7. Práticas de educação ambiental: breve diagnóstico em organizações militares do exército brasileiro

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Eduardo Borba Neves

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho teve por objetivo diagnosticar como a Educação Ambiental (EA vem sendo desenvolvida no Exército Brasileiro. A abordagem utilizada foi a qualitativa. Foram selecionadas 52 unidades, de forma não probabilística e por conveniência. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário com perguntas abertas, enviado às organizações militares no segundo semestre de 2009. A análise dos dados deu-se por meio da análise de conteúdo. Pode-se constatar que as atividades de EA mais mencionadas foram: palestras, instruções ou reuniões; a preocupação com o lixo, rejeitos, reciclagem e uso dos recursos naturais; o plantio de mudas, proteção de áreas verdes e instrução de combate a incêndios. Entretanto, a maioria destas de caráter pontual e descontínuo, o que caracterizou uma EA de enfoque conservacionista. Apenas nos Colégios Militares, observaram-se ações que privilegiavam as ações contínuas e contextualizadas, no sentido de uma EA crítica, transformadora e emancipatória.

  8. [Lipids and cerebrovascular disease - New therapeutic options in lowering LDL-cholesterol].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lovadi, Emese; Csécsei, Péter; Lovig, Csenge; Karádi, Zsófia; Szapáry, László

    2016-12-01

    Stroke is the third most common cause of death worldwide following myocardial infaction and malignancies, furthermore, its functional outcome is the worst of all conditions. Cholesterol, especially LDL-cholesterol plays a key role in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. It has been verified recently that escalating incidence and mortality of cerebrovascular diseases are proportional to increased levels of LDL-cholesterol. Statin therapy undeniably reduces the risk of stroke, however other methods for decreasing lipid levels have not been proved significantly effective. Preventive effect of high-dose statin treatment is without doubt, although administration of such high dosage might require special precautions for patients with prior intracerebral hemorrhage and it also risks development of incident diabetes. The recently published IMPROVE-IT study is the first to prove that the addition of ezetimibe as a non-statin type drug, to statin treatment contributes to further reduction of LDL-cholesterol. The combination treatment results in additional decrease in the incidence and mortality of cerebrovascular events, without any expansion in the number or adverse effects. These results confirm the importance of any further reduction of LDL-cholesterol levels. Achieving target values with statin-ezetimibe combination allows administration of low to moderate dose of statin, which decreases risks of adverse effects related to high-dose statin therapy. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(52), 2059-2065.

  9. O MODELO CURRICULAR DA LEI 5.692/1971 DURANTE A DITADURA MILITAR PARA O CURSO DE MAGISTÉRIO E SUAS IMPLICAÇÕES NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE NO BRASIL E EM SANTA CATARINA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jéferson Silveira Dantas

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo procura discutir as implicações pedagógicas trazidas pela implementação da Lei 5.692/1971 no contexto da Ditadura Militar (1964-1985 e os seus efeitos na formação docen-te no Brasil e em Santa Catarina, sobretudo, nas séries iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, ante-riormente denominado de ensino primário. Além disso, tal estudo procura empreender uma análise da reorganização curricular no ensino de 1º e 2º graus em conformidade com a reestru-turação produtiva do capital, contando para isso com o apoio de determinados intelectuais orgânicos que apoiavam o regime militar.

  10. Los Militares en la Revolución y en la Transición a la Democracia en Portugal

    OpenAIRE

    Rezola, Maria Inácia

    2016-01-01

    En la madrugada del día 25 de abril de 1974, un grupo de oficiales de las Fuerzas Armadas Portuguesas puso en marcha un golpe militar que, en menos de 24 horas, deponía a la más antigua y larga dictadura europea contemporánea. La transición hacia la democracia en Portugal acabará revelándose original pero agitada. Mientras en otros países, como España, la transición se hizo de forma gradual y pactada, en Portugal se asistió a una ruptura del sistema y al desencadenamiento de un proceso rev...

  11. Morphological changes of cerebral vessels and expression patterns of MMP-2 and MMP-9 on cerebrovascular wall of alcoholic rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qi, Qian; Liu, Xia; Zhang, Guozhong; He, Wenjing; Ma, Rufei; Cong, Bin; Li, Yingmin

    2014-01-01

    Alcohol abuse increases the incidence of cerebral accidents, which correlates with cerebrovascular structural changes. The present study was designed to observe the cerebrovascular remodeling of drinking rats with light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Short-term alcohol administration induced apparent amplification of perivascular spaces around small vessels in brain tissue, while long-term administration caused pathological changes of basilar arteries (BAs), including endothelial exfoliation, inner elastic lamina (IEL) fragmentation and thickening of tunica media and adventitia. In addition, the relationship between cerebrovascular remodeling and MMP-2 and MMP-9 synthesized by endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells was explored by immunohistochemistry. The two protein expression in cerebral vessels changed dynamically, peaking at 1-2 weeks after treatment, and decreasing as treatment continued. These results suggest that MMP-2 and MMP-9 may play a significant role in blood-brain barrier disruption after alcohol abuse. But the chronic changes of cerebral arteries resulted from drinking are not coincident with time course of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in situ.

  12. Prognosis in Acute Cerebrovascular Accidents in Relation to Respiratory Pattern and Blood—gas Tensions

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rout, M. W.; Lane, D. J.; Wollner, L.

    1971-01-01

    Respiratory pattern and arterial blood gas tensions were assessed in patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents. Hyperventilation, low Pco2, and high arterial pH were associated with a poor prognosis, whereas patients with normal respiratory pattern and blood gas tensions survived. Periodic and Cheyne-Stokes breathing carried an intermediate prognosis. PMID:5091916

  13. Cerebrovascular diseases in a fixed population Hiroshima and Nagasaki with special reference to relationship between type and risk factors

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Lin, Chow-How; Shimizu, Yukiko; Kato, Hiroo; Robertson, T.L.; Furonaka, Hiroshi.

    1980-10-01

    A study was made of the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases, their chronological trend, and relationship between the disease types and risk factors on 16,491 subjects of Hiroshima and Nagasaki who underwent medical examination at least once between 1958 - 74, and who were free of cerebrovascular disease at the initial examination. During the 16-year period, 1,162 cases of cerebrovascular disease developed in this study population with the diagnosis definite in 621, and the annual incidence was 3.2 per 1,000 population. By type, there were 108 cases of cerebral hemorrhage, 469 cases of cerebral infarction, 33 cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage, and 11 cases of other unclassifiable types, with cerebral infarction occurring more frequently than cerebral hemorrhage at the ratio of 4.5 : 1. The incidence of cerebrovascular diseases increased with age in both types, but the proportion of younger subjects in cerebral hemorrhage was greater than that in cerebral infarction. A secular trend of declining incidence was noted for both cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. As a risk factor of cerebral hemorrhage, elevation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was the most closely related to onset, and left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiogram (ECG) and proteinuria were also related. However, a tendency was seen for the risk to be somewhat higher the lower the levels of serum cholesterol. In cerebral infarction, aging, like systolic blood pressure, was a most important risk factor. Left ventricular hypertrophy on ECG, proteinuria, and diabetes could also be risk factors. However, the relation to blood pressure, especially diastolic blood pressure, was not so great as in the case of cerebral hemorrhage. (author)

  14. Perfil cognitivo y prevalencia de depresión, desesperanza y riesgo suicida en jóvenes vinculados al primer nivel de formación en una escuela militar colombiana

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Daniella Abello Luque

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Este estudio evaluó el perfil cognitivo y los niveles de desesperanza, depresión y riesgo suicida en un grupo de jóvenes vinculados al proceso de formación de una escuela militar colombiana. En total participaron 114 sujetos, militares regulares de primer año (MR-1A, que representan la totalidad de un contingente particular; todos ellos hombres, con edades entre los diecisiete y los veintidós años, provenientes de hogares ubicados en la región Caribe (41% y el centro del país (12%, sin ningún tipo de diagnóstico médico o mental relevante. Los resultados indican relaciones lineales y directamente promocionales entre todas las variables, con magnitudes significativas en lo referente a las relaciones depresión-desesperanza (rs= 0,295; ρ= 0,01 y depresión-riesgo suicida (rs= 0,478; ρ= 0,01, siendo esta ultima el reporte más elevado.

  15. Targeted overexpression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells improves cerebrovascular reactivity in Ins2Akita-type-1 diabetic mice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chandra, Saurav B; Mohan, Sumathy; Ford, Bridget M; Huang, Lei; Janardhanan, Preethi; Deo, Kaiwalya S; Cong, Linlin; Muir, Eric R; Duong, Timothy Q

    2016-06-01

    Reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide due to impaired endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity is a leading cause of endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Enhancing eNOS activity in diabetes is a potential therapeutic target. This study investigated basal cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity in wild-type mice, diabetic mice (Ins2(Akita+/-)), nondiabetic eNOS-overexpressing mice (TgeNOS), and the cross of two transgenic mice (TgeNOS-Ins2(Akita+/-)) at six months of age. The cross was aimed at improving eNOS expression in diabetic mice. The major findings were: (i) Body weights of Ins2(Akita+/-) and TgeNOS-Ins2(Akita+/-) were significantly different from wild-type and TgeNOS mice. Blood pressure of TgeNOS mice was lower than wild-type. (ii) Basal cerebral blood flow of the TgeNOS group was significantly higher than cerebral blood flow of the other three groups. (iii) The cerebrovascular reactivity in the Ins2(Akita+/-) mice was significantly lower compared with wild-type, whereas that in the TgeNOS-Ins2(Akita+/-) was significantly higher compared with the Ins2(Akita+/-) and TgeNOS groups. Overexpression of eNOS rescued cerebrovascular dysfunction in diabetic animals, resulting in improved cerebrovascular reactivity. These results underscore the possible role of eNOS in vascular dysfunction in the brain of diabetic mice and support the notion that enhancing eNOS activity in diabetes is a potential therapeutic target. © The Author(s) 2015.

  16. Prevalence and Incidence of Myocardial Infarction and Cerebrovascular Accident in Ageing Persons with Intellectual Disability

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jansen, J.; Rozeboom, W.; Penning, C.; Evenhuis, H. M.

    2013-01-01

    Background: Epidemiological information on age-related cardiovascular disease in people with intellectual disability (ID) is scarce and inconclusive. We compared prevalence and incidence of cerebrovascular accident and myocardial infarction over age 50 in a residential population with ID to that in a general practice population. Method: Lifetime…

  17. Mujeres en movimiento: bajo la Dictadura militar chilena (1973-1990

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Javier Maraval Yáguez

    2008-12-01

    Full Text Available Desde la perspectiva histórica feminista, el artículo analiza el impacto que la represiónde la dictadura militar del general Augusto Pinochet Ugarte (1973-1990 causó en las mujeres que conformaron la oposición política. La Tortura Sexual se definió como una estrategia dirigida y pensada contra las prisioneras en los diversos campos de concentración que se extendían a lo largo de Chile. Este hecho, invisibilizado durante años por los diversos estudios entorno a los Derechos Humanos, se reconoció de forma oficial cuando en 2004 se publicó el Informe de la Comisión Nacional sobre Prisión Política y Tortura (Informe Valech, un documento pionero que recogía 4000 testimonios de mujeres supervivientes. From the feminist historical perspective, the article analyses the impact of the Pinochet dictatorship repression (1970-1990 against women from the political opposition. The sexual torture was a specific strategy carried out in the military concentration camps all around Chile. This fact was not visible until the publication of the National Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture Report in 2004 (Valech Report, a pioneer investigation  that  recognises  sexual tortur  as specific torture against  prisoners including 4000 women survivors testimonies.

  18. Intraplaque stretch in carotid atherosclerotic plaque--an effective biomechanical predictor for subsequent cerebrovascular ischemic events.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zhongzhao Teng

    Full Text Available BACKGROUND: Stretch is a mechanical parameter, which has been proposed previously to affect the biological activities in different tissues. This study explored its utility in determining plaque vulnerability. METHODS: One hundred and six patients with mild to moderate carotid stenosis were recruited in this study (53 symptomatic and 53 asymptomatic. High resolution, multi-sequence magnetic resonance (MR imaging was performed to delineate various plaque components. Finite element method was used to predict high stretch concentration within the plaque. RESULTS: During a two-year follow-up, 11 patients in symptomatic group and 3 in asymptomatic group experienced recurrent cerebrovascular events. Plaque stretch at systole and stretch variation during one cardiac cycle was greater in symptomatic group than those in the asymptomatic. Within the symptomatic group, a similar trend was observed in patients with recurrent events compared to those without. CONCLUSION: Plaques with high stretch concentration and large stretch variation are associated with increased risk of future cerebrovascular events.

  19. Trends in Mortality from Cerebrovascular and Hypertensive Diseases in Brazil Between 1980 and 2012

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Paolo Blanco Villela

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background: Cerebrovascular and hypertensive diseases are among the main causes of death worldwide. However, there are limited data about the trends of these diseases over the years. Objective: To evaluate the temporal trends in mortality rates and proportional mortality from cerebrovascular and hypertensive diseases according to sex and age in Brazil between 1980 and 2012. Methods: We evaluated the underlying causes of death between 1980 and 2012 in both sexes and by age groups for circulatory diseases (CD, cerebrovascular diseases (CBVD, and hypertensive diseases (HD. We also evaluated death due to all causes (AC, external causes (EC, and ill-defined causes of death (IDCD. Data on deaths and population were obtained from the Department of Information Technology of the Unified Health System (Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, DATASUS/MS. We estimated crude and standardized annual mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants and percentages of proportional mortality rates. Results: With the exception of EC, the mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants of all other diseases increased with age. The proportional mortality of CD, CBVD, and HD increased up to the age range of 60-69 years in men and 70-79 years in women, and reached a plateau in both sexes after that. The standardized rates of CD and CBVD declined in both sexes. However, the HD rates showed the opposite trend and increased mildly during the study period. Conclusion: Despite the decline in standardized mortality rates due to CD and CBVD, there was an increase in deaths due to HD, which could be related to factors associated with the completion of the death certificates, decline in IDCD rates, and increase in the prevalence of hypertension.

  20. Cerebral hyperperfusion and decreased cerebrovascular reactivity correlate with neurologic disease severity in MELAS.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rodan, L H; Poublanc, J; Fisher, J A; Sobczyk, O; Wong, T; Hlasny, E; Mikulis, D; Tein, I

    2015-05-01

    To study the mechanisms underlying stroke-like episodes (SLEs) in MELAS syndrome. We performed a case control study in 3 siblings with MELAS syndrome (m.3243A>G tRNA(Leu(UUR))) with variable % mutant mtDNA in blood (35 to 59%) to evaluate regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) compared to age- and sex-matched healthy study controls and a healthy control population. Subjects were studied at 3T MRI using arterial spin labeling (ASL) to measure CBF; CVR was measured as a change in % Blood Oxygen Level Dependent signal (as a surrogate of CBF) to repeated 10 mmHg step increase in arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2). MELAS siblings had decreased CVR (p ≤ 0.002) and increased CBF (p MELAS disease severity and mutation load were inversely correlated with Interictal CVR and directly correlated with frontal CBF. These metrics offer further insight into the cerebrovascular hemodynamics in MELAS syndrome and may serve as noninvasive prognostic markers to stratify risk for SLEs. Class III. Copyright © 2015 © Elsevier B.V. and Mitochondria Research Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  1. [TCD functional test for vertigo induced by ischemic cerebrovascular disorders].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Q; Zhong, N; Xue, X

    1999-04-01

    To diagnose differentially the vetigo induced by some ischemic cerebrovascular disorder. Patients with vertebrobasilar artery transient ischemic vertigo (group A), migraine (group B), hyperventilation syndrome (group C), hypertension (group D) are measured by using TCD functional examination which included blood peak velocity of systolic (Vs) and diastolic (Vd) end-period of vertibrobasilar artery of routine TCD (TCD-R), one minute hyperventilation TCD (TCD-HV) and one minute voluntary apnea TCD (TCD-B) respectively. It showed that the Vs, Vd are decreased under the three conditions in A, B and D groups. The most apparent decrease are obversed in D group. The values of the decrease are similar between group A and B. No changes are found in C group. The abnormal Vs incidences of TCD-B measurement in group A are higher than those in group B and C, but significant lower than those in group D; and in TCD-HV test lower than group D and C, higher than group B; in TCD-R test, lower than group D, and no difference with group B and C. The abnormal incidences of Vd in group A are lower than group D and higher than group B in TCD-B test. In TCD-HV test, the group A abnormol incidences are lower than group D but higher than group B and C. In TCD-R test, the abnormal incidences are lower than group D and no difference between group B and C. The TCD measuremen is useful for differential diagnosis of vertigo induced by ischemic cerebrovascular disorders.

  2. O papel dos Estados Unidos na Nova Ordem Internacional e as intervenções militares americanas no pós-Guerra Fria: que lugar ocupa aí a democracia?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Helena de Castro Santos

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available Analisam-se os diferentes papéis dos Estados Unidos no pós-guerra fria, como visto por seus Presidentes, confrontando-os com as intervenções militares que ocorreram em cada administração e o lugar que aí ocupa a democracia.

  3. The accuracy of prehospital diagnosis of acute cerebrovascular accidents: an observational study

    OpenAIRE

    Karli?ski, Micha?; Gluszkiewicz, Marcin; Cz?onkowska, Anna

    2015-01-01

    Introduction Time to treatment is the key factor in stroke care. Although the initial medical assessment is usually made by a non-neurologist or a paramedic, it should ensure correct identification of all acute cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs). Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of the physician-made prehospital diagnosis of acute CVA in patients referred directly to the neurological emergency department (ED), and to identify conditions mimicking CVAs. Material and methods This observationa...

  4. Clinical study on magnetic resonance imaging of lacunar infarcts and cerebrovascular high-risk group

    Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDEWEB)

    Hironaka, Masatoshi (Hiroshima Univ. (Japan). School of Medicine)

    1990-04-01

    Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study was performed in 32 patients with recent lacunar stroke. T2-weighted images showed ischemic lesions more clearly than T1-weighted images. Sixty-six percent of 32 patients had periventricular lesions. Eighty-four percent had subcortical white matter lesions. Sixty-nine percent had lesions in basal ganglia. Twenty-eight percent had lesions in brainstem. Periventricular lesions were revealed symmetrically. On the other hand, lesions in other areas were not detected symmetrically. Severe periventricular lesions on MRI were similar to those of Binswanger's disease. Patients with severe periventricular lesions had often hypertension. Moreover, two of them had dementia. Twenty-three patients with transient ischemic attack had less remarkable lesions than patients with lacunar stroke. Thirty-seven patients with a history of cerebrovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus) had severer lesions compared with normal controls. Sixty-one percent of controls, who had no cerebrovascular symptoms and signs, had MRI lesions. These results suggest that MRI is useful for detection of cerebral ischemic lesions with no associated clinical symptoms or signs. (author).

  5. Seasonal variation and trends in stroke hospitalizations and mortality in a South American community hospital.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Díaz, Alejandro; Gerschcovich, Eliana Roldan; Díaz, Adriana A; Antía, Fabiana; Gonorazky, Sergio

    2013-10-01

    Numerous studies have reported the presence of temporal variations in biological processes. Seasonal variation (SV) in stroke has been widely studied, but little data have been published on this phenomenon in the Southern Hemisphere, and there have been no studies reported from Argentina. The goals of the present study were to describe the SV of admissions and deaths for stroke and examine trends in stroke morbidity and mortality over a 3-year period in a community hospital in Argentina. Hospital discharge reports from the electronic database of vital statistics between 1999 and 2001 were examined retrospectively. Patients who had a main discharge diagnosis of stroke (ischemic or hemorrhagic) or cerebrovascular accident (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes 431, 432, 434, and 436) were selected. The study sample included 1382 hospitalizations by stroke (3.5% of all admissions). In-hospital mortality demonstrated a winter peak (25.5% vs 17% in summer; P = .001). The crude seasonal stroke attack rate (ischemic and hemorrhagic) was highest in winter (164 per 100,000 population; 95% CI, 159-169 per 100,000) and lowest in summer (124 per 100,000; 95% CI, 120-127 per 100,000; P = .008). Stroke admissions followed a seasonal pattern, with a winter-spring predominance (P = .008). Our data indicate a clear SV in stroke deaths and admissions in this region of Argentina. The existence of SV in stroke raises a different hypothesis about the rationale of HF admissions and provides information for the organization of care and resource allocation. Copyright © 2013 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Incidência de acidente cerebro-vascular embólico na cardiopatia chagásica crônica

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. Spina-França

    1974-09-01

    Full Text Available A incidência de acidente vascular cerebral embólico na cardiopatia chagásica crônica foi avaliada a partir de duas séries consecutivas de casos: a primeira compreendendo 63 pacientes com cardiopatia chagásica crônica e, a segunda, 84 pacientes com acidentes cerebrovasculares, 59 dos quais de tipo não hemorrágico. Em relação aos casos de cardiopatia chagásica crônica a incidência de acidente vascular cerebral embólico mostrou-se da ordem de 3,17%; em relação aos acidentes cerebrovasculares, da ordem de 4,76% e quando considerados apenas aqueles de tipo não hemorrágico, da ordem de 6,78%.

  7. The cerebrovascular structure and brain tissue volume: a comparative study between beagle dogs and mongrel dogs

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Liu Sheng; Shi Haibin; Hu Weixing; Zu Qingquan; Lu Shanshan; Xu Xiaoquan; Sun Lei; Li Linsun

    2011-01-01

    Objective: To compare the differences of cerebrovascular structure and brain tissue volume between beagle and mongrel dogs by using angiography and MR scanning. Methods: A total of 40 dogs, including 20 beagle dogs (beagle group) and 20 mongrel dogs (mongrel group), were enrolled in this study. Under general anesthesia, all dogs were examined with cerebral angiography and MR scanning. The cerebrovascular structure was evaluated with angiography via selective catheterization of aortic arch, bilateral external cerebral arteries (ECA), maxillary arteries, internal cerebral arteries (ICA) and vertebral arteries separately. The diameters of the ICA, middle cerebral artery (MCA), rostral cerebral artery (RCA), the anastomosis channel ICA and ECA, and basilar artery (BA) were measured at the similar point of each dog. Meanwhile the volumes of the brain tissue were calculated in coronal T2 view of MR scanning. The statistical analysis was performed among the weight of dogs, the diameter of arteries and the volume of brain tissue. The differences in the diameters and brain tissue volume were compared between the two groups. Results: No obvious variations in the cerebrovascular structure and brain tissue volume were found in these dogs. One mongrel dog was excluded from this study because of the severe stenosis of ICA. The mean weight of 20 beagle dogs and 19 mongrel dogs was (12.81±1.29) kg and (12.85±1.12) kg, respectively. The diameters of the ICA, MCA, RCA, the anastomosis channel between ICA and ECA and BA in beagle group were (1.26±0.07) mm, (0.90±0.05) mm, (0.58±0.07) mm, (0.55±0.07) mm and (0.95±0.06) mm, respectively. These parameters in mongrel group were (1.27±0.07) mm, (0.92±0.05) mm, (0.59±0.06) mm, (0.67±0.07) mm and (0.94±0.05) mm, respectively. The volume of brain in two groups was (76232.33±5018.51) mm 3 and (71863.96±4626.87) mm 3 , respectively. There were no obvious correlation among the body weight, the cerebrovascular diameters and brain

  8. Servir e proteger: determinantes da avaliação pública sobre a qualidade do trabalho das Polícias Militares no Brasil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luís Felipe Zilli

    Full Text Available Resumo Inserido no campo de estudo das relações entre sociedade civil e instituições de segurança pública, o presente artigo tem como objetivo mensurar e analisar a influência que determinados fatores - como, por exemplo, características sociodemográficas, experiências de vitimização criminal e/ou institucional, ou mesmo o contato direto com agentes policiais - exercem sobre a forma como a população brasileira avalia a qualidade do trabalho das Polícias Militares no país. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados produzidos pela Pesquisa Nacional de Vitimização (PNV, estudo por amostragem realizado entre 2010 e 2012 em todos os estados brasileiros. De modo geral, o que a análise indica é que, ao contrário do que preconiza o senso comum, o fato de ter sido ou não vítima de crimes, tradicional indicador de eficácia do trabalho policial, exerce relativamente pouca influência sobre a opinião que a população tem sobre a qualidade do trabalho das Polícias Militares. As variáveis que apresentaram os maiores efeitos sobre a avaliação (positiva ou negativa das PMs foram aquelas relacionadas ao fato de ter sido vítima de violência ou extorsão por parte dos próprios militares, bem como as experiências de contato direto com os policiais. Tais achados reforçam a hipótese, bastante difundida na literatura internacional, de que avaliações positivas ou negativas sobre a qualidade do trabalho das forças policiais não se encontram exclusiva e necessariamente vinculadas à percepção de que tais corporações são mais ou menos eficazes em coibir a ocorrência de crimes, mas sim a questões localizadas unicamente na esfera institucional destas organizações, como, por exemplo, o combate à violência e à corrupção praticadas pelos próprios PMs e à melhoria do atendimento prestado a segmentos populacionais mais vulneráveis.

  9. Biossegurança: conhecimento e adesão pelos profissionais do corpo de bombeiros militar de Minas Gerais Bioseguridad: conocimiento y adhesión en el cuerpo de bomberos militar de Minas Gerais, uno estudio transversal Biosafety: knowledge and compliance by fire military brigade of Minas Gerais

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adriana Cristina de Oliveira

    2013-03-01

    Full Text Available Objetivou-se identificar o conhecimento e a adesão às recomendações de biossegurança entre profissionais do Corpo de Bombeiros Militar de Minas Gerais de um município da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Realizou-se um estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa. Na coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário estruturado composto de questões sobre conhecimento e atitudes relativos à biossegurança, fatores dificultadores ao uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e ocorrência de acidentes com material biológico. O conhecimento sobre a higienização das mãos foi verificado em 84,8% dos profissionais; 69,7% desconheciam a ação do álcool a 70%. O capote foi o equipamento de proteção individual mais difícil de ser utilizado. Os militares não sofreram acidente com material biológico, dado semelhante aos demais da literatura. Pretende-se provocar a reflexão dos profissionais da área e instituições responsáveis quanto à reavaliação da proposta relacionada à formação desses trabalhadores em biossegurança e saúde ocupacional.Tuvo como objetivo identificar el conocimiento y la adhesión de las recomendaciones de bioseguridad entre profesionales del Cuerpo de Bomberos Militares de Minas Gerais, de un municipio de la región metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Se realizó un estudio transversal de enfoque cuantitativo. Para la recolección de datos fue utilizado un cuestionario estructurado con preguntas sobre conocimientos y actitudes relacionadas a bioseguridad, factores que dificultan el uso de equipos de protección personal y accidentes con material biológico. El conocimiento sobre higiene de las manos fue observado en 84,8% de los profesionales, 69,7% desconocían la forma de acción del alcohol 70%. El manto fue el equipo de protección personal más difícil de usar. Los militares no han sufrido acidentes con material biologico, datos similares a los de la literatura. Tuvo

  10. Crossed cerebellar atrophy in cases with cerebrovascular disease

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Yagishita, Toshiyuki; Kojima, Shigeyuki; Hirayama, Keizo; Iwabuchi, Sadamu.

    1989-01-01

    Crossed cerebellar atrophy (CCA) was investigated by X-ray CT to establish the incidence, mechanism, and the relation to cerebral lesions in 130 cases of unilateral supratentorial cerebrovascular diseases. The 130 cases consisted of 83 males and 47 females with cerebral infarction (65 cases) and cerebral hemorrhage (65 cases). The patients' average age was 57.6 years. Crossed cerebellar atrophy was demonstrated in 8 cases (6.2%), 6 of whom had massive cerebral infarction in the middle cerebral artery area (9.2% of the 65 cases of cerebral infarction. The six cases of CCA caused by cerebral infarction had lesions in the frontal and temporal lobes. Two had a cerebral hemorrhage in the putamen and in the thalamus, respectively, accounting for 3.1% of the 65 cases of cerebral hemorrhage. Of the 2 cases, one had putaminal hemorrhage, and the other had thalamic hemorrhage. Cerebrovascular stroke had occured in these patients with CCA more than 2 months previously. In 5 of the 8 cases of CCA, atrophy was present in the basis pedunculi and the basis pontis on the side of the cerebral lesion. However, neither dilation nor deformity of the fourth ventricle was present in any of the patients, suggesting that none of the CCA patients had atrophy of the dentate nucleus. The CCA patients had massive cerebral lesion in the frontal and temporal lobes or atrophy of the basis pedunculi and basis pontis, suggesting the presence of the transsynaptic degeneration of the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway. In the case of the thalamic hemorrhage, who had not hemorrhagic lesion in the frontal and temporal lobes, atrophy of the basis peduncli and basis pontis was not observed. Though dilation or deformity of the fourth ventricle is not observed in this case, presence of the degeneration of the dentate-rubro-thalamic pathway cannot be denied. CCA seems to be caused by both the transsynaptic degeneration of the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway and the dentate-rubro-thalamic pathway. (J.P.N.)

  11. Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Sarcopenia, Identified According to the EWGSOP Definition and Diagnostic Algorithm, in Hospitalized Older People: The GLISTEN Study.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bianchi, Lara; Abete, Pasquale; Bellelli, Giuseppe; Bo, Mario; Cherubini, Antonio; Corica, Francesco; Di Bari, Mauro; Maggio, Marcello; Manca, Giovanna Maria; Rizzo, Maria Rosaria; Rossi, Andrea P; Landi, Francesco; Volpato, Stefano

    2017-10-12

    Prevalence of sarcopenia is substantial in most geriatrics settings, but estimates vary greatly across studies because of difference in population characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and methods used to assess muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. We investigated the feasibility of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) algorithm assessment in hospitalized older adults and analyzed prevalence and clinical correlates of sarcopenia. Cross-sectional analysis of 655 participants enrolled in a multicenter observational study of older adults admitted to 12 acute hospital wards in Italy. Sarcopenia was assessed as low skeletal mass index (kg/m2) plus either low handgrip strength or low walking speed (EWGSOP criteria). Skeletal muscle mass was estimated using bioimpedance analysis. Of the 655 patients (age 81.0 ± 6.8 years; women 51.9%) enrolled in the study, 275 (40.2%) were not able to perform the 4-m walking test because of medical problems. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia on hospital admission was 34.7% (95% confidence interval 28-37) and it steeply increased with aging (p sarcopenia on hospital admission were older and were more likely to be male and to have congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, and severe basic activities of daily living disability. The prevalence of sarcopenia was inversely correlated with body mass index. Based on EWGSOP criteria, prevalence of sarcopenia is extremely high among older adults on admission to acute hospital wards. Older age, male gender, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, severe activities of daily living disability, and body mass index were the clinical variables significantly associated with the presence of sarcopenia. © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  12. Líderes pragmáticos en Argentina: el tema militar a través de los discursos de Menem y Kirchner

    OpenAIRE

    Arias Núñez, María Fernanda

    2016-01-01

    La intención de este trabajo es analizar el discurso militar de dos de los últimos presidentes justicialistas de la Argentina: Carlos Saúl Menem (1989-1999) y Néstor Carlos Kirchner (2003-2007). Ambos pertenecen a alas ideológicamente distantes del justicialismo. Menem dio un giro neoliberal a sus políticas económicas y conservador a sus políticas sociales. En cambio, Kirchner se centralizó en la política de los derechos humanos y la función distributiva del Estado. Se analiza su interpelació...

  13. Mujer y Anticlericalismo: La Justicia Militar en Marbella 1937–1939

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    Lucía Prieto Borrego

    2009-12-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo está basado en los sumarios de trece mujeres vecinas del municipio de Marbella, sometidas a juicio entre 1937 y 1939. Las mujeres procesadas por la Justicia Militar tienen como acusación común la participación en cualquiera de las modalidades de la violencia anticlerical durante la guerra civil en Marbella. La atribución de conductas anticlericales e iconoclastas a mujeres conocidas por su participación en actividades de naturaleza sociopolítica fue utilizada para justificar una represión que penalizaba la trasgresión de lo que se consideraba la condición femenina._______________________ABSTRACT:This article is based on the summaries of thirteen neighboring women of the municipality of Marbella, submitted to judgment between 1937 and 1939. The women tried by the Military Justice take the participation as a common accusation in any of the modalities of the anticlerical violence during the civil war in Marbella. The attribution of anticlerical conduct and iconoclast to women known by his participation in activities of nature socio-political were used for to justify a repression that was penalizing the transgression of what it was considered to be the feminine condition.

  14. Hiperacusia em músicos de banda militar Hyperacusis in military band musicians

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    Maiara Santos Gonçalves

    2007-12-01

    Full Text Available OBJETIVO: Identificar a presença de hiperacusia e investigar as características dos sons desconfortáveis e os comportamentos desencadeados pelo desconforto, em músicos de uma Banda Militar. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 27 músicos da Banda Militar da Base Aérea de Santa Maria (RS, com idades entre 22 e 50 anos, com tempo de serviço militar entre quatro e 26 anos e com exposição diária ao ruído de trabalho de duas a oito horas. Todos foram submetidos à avaliação audiológica básica, teste do limiar de desconforto sonoro e aplicação de um questionário. Considerou-se presença de hiperacusia, quando a média dos valores obtidos no teste do limiar de desconforto em 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hertz foi menor ou igual a 90 decibéis, associado à queixa de desconforto auditivo. RESULTADOS: Verificou-se hiperacusia em 37% dos músicos. Destes, 50% apresentaram audição normal e 50% apresentaram audição normal com presença de entalhe; 80% sentiam o desconforto diariamente e 20% após o trabalho com a banda de música; 70% já evitaram realizar alguma atividade, por acreditarem que o ruído ambiental é desconfortável; 70% faziam uso de protetor auricular regularmente e 90% referiram zumbido. Os sons considerados desconfortáveis pelos hiperacúsicos foram, predominantemente, os de forte intensidade. As reações emocionais mais citadas mediante um som considerado desagradável foram: tensão, ansiedade e necessidade de afastar-se do som. CONCLUSÃO: Com os critérios utilizados neste estudo, 37% dos indivíduos estudados foram classificados como hiperacúsicos, os quais consideraram desagradáveis os sons de forte intensidade, predominantemente. As principais reações emocionais mediante esses sons foram: tensão, ansiedade e necessidade de afastar-se do som. As características comuns entre os sujeitos classificados como hiperacúsicos foram: audição normal, uso de protetor auricular, evitar atividade por considerar o ru

  15. Influencia del servicio militar voluntario sobre el comportamiento sexual de una población de jóvenes

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Moisés Apolaya-Segura

    Full Text Available Objetivos. Determinar si el haber realizado el servicio militar voluntario (SMV se asocia al comportamiento sexual de una población de jóvenes. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio trasversal en civiles y personal que realizó el SMV ambos grupos ingresantes a la Escuela de Suboficiales de la Fuerza Aérea del Perú 2010, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario anónimo, autoaplicado, sobre conocimientos acerca de la trasmisión de VIH y comportamientos sexuales de riesgo. Resultados. Se evaluó 124 personas de sexo masculino, el 19,4% realizó el SMV y el 80,6% provenían de la vida civil. Se encontró que quienes realizaron el SMV tuvieron un mayor nivel de conocimientos sobre la trasmisión del VIH que los civiles (p=0,04. Los ingresantes que realizaron el SMV tuvieron mayor número de parejas ocasionales en los últimos 12 meses (p=0,04, hasta dos veces más que lo reportado por el personal civil. Los ingresantes con antecedente de SMV, informaron tres veces más consumo de alcohol previo a su ultima relación sexual, en comparación con los civiles (p=0,06. Pertenecer al SMV no resultó ser predictor de comportamiento sexual de riesgo de acuerdo a la definición de ONUSIDA. Conclusiones. El haber realizado el SMV se encontró asociado a tener un mayor nivel de conocimiento sobre la trasmisión del VIH; sin embargo, influiría en tener un mayor número de parejas ocasionales. No se encontró que el haber realizado el servicio militar fuese un factor asociado a comportamientos sexuales de riesgo

  16. Diego García Conde, un militar español en la transición al México Independiente

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    Moncada Maya, José Omar

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Diego García Conde belonged to a long line of Spanish soldiers who rose to key military positions in the eighteenth century. The four García Conde brothers reached the rank of Field Marshal; two of them performing their duties in Spain, while the others were destined to New Spain. Diego García Conde particularly stood out throughout the time he spent serving both the Spanish colonial Government and the new Mexican independent State: he was Military Commander and Governor, the first Director of Engineers of the new nation, as well as Director of the Military Academy. As a volunteer engineer, he also undertook major scientific work, including drawing up a map of Mexico City.Diego García Conde perteneció a una importante saga familiar de militares españoles del siglo XVIII que alcanzaron posiciones relevantes en la estructura del Ejército. Los cuatro hermanos García Conde alcanzaron el rango de Mariscal de Campo, dos de ellos desarrollaron su actividad en España, mientras que los otros dos fueron destinados a la Nueva España. Diego García Conde destacó en forma particular, toda vez que sirvió tanto al gobierno colonial español como al nuevo Estado independiente mexicano, en funciones de Comandante militar y Gobernador Intendente. Fue el primer Director de Ingenieros de la nueva nación, así como Director de la Academia de Cadetes. Pero, además, como ingeniero voluntario, desarrolló una importante labor técnico-científica. Destaca el mapa que elaboró de la ciudad de México.

  17. Teoría del error, antecedentes y panorama de su regulación en el nuevo Código Penal Militar (Ley 1407 de 2010)

    OpenAIRE

    Velásquez Cuervo, Janneth Patricia

    2013-01-01

    Se analiza en este articulo la teoría del error, sus antecedentes, el desarrollo a través de la dogmática penal con base en los distintos esquemas de la teoría del delito, para terminar en la regulación del error en el nuevo Código Penal Militar (ley 1407 de 2010) aplicable en todos los actos relacionados con el servicio cometidos por los miembros de la Fuerza Pública.

  18. Subjective and objective knowledge and decisional role preferences in cerebrovascular patients compared to controls

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    Riechel C

    2016-08-01

    Full Text Available Christina Riechel,1,* Anna Christina Alegiani,1,* Sascha Köpke,2 Jürgen Kasper,3,4 Michael Rosenkranz,1,5 Götz Thomalla,1 Christoph Heesen1,4 1Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; 2Nursing Research Unit, Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; 3Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway; 4Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; 5Department of Neurology, Albertinen-Krankenhaus, Hamburg, Germany *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: Risk knowledge and active role preferences are important for patient involvement in treatment decision-making and adherence. Although knowledge about stroke warning signs and risk factors has received considerable attention, objective knowledge on secondary prevention and further self-esteem subjective knowledge have rarely been studied. The aim of our study was to investigate knowledge and treatment decisional role preferences in cerebrovascular patients compared to controls. Methods: We performed a survey on subjective and objective stroke risk knowledge and autonomy preferences in cerebrovascular patients from our stroke outpatient clinic (n=262 and from pedestrians on the street taken as controls during a “World Stroke Day” (n=274. The questionnaire includes measures for knowledge and decisional role preferences from previously published questionnaires and newly developed measures, for example, subjective knowledge, revealed on a visual analog scale. Results: The overall stroke knowledge was low to moderate, with no differences between patients and controls. Knowledge about secondary prevention was particularly low. Only 10%–15% of participants correctly estimated the stroke absolute risk reduction potential of aspirin. The medical data

  19. BRASIL 1964, GOLPE CIVIL MILITAR: O QUE FICA DO QUE (APARENTEMENTE JÁ PASSOU?

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    Beatriz Terezinha Daudt Fischer

    2015-10-01

    Full Text Available Quando pesquisadores se debruçarem detidamente sobre Brasil, século XX, por certo os anos 1963/64 não poderão ficar sem a merecida atenção. As matérias jornalísticas da época explicitam em cores variadas, o clima que se vivia ao longo daqueles meses antecedentes ao golpe civil militar. Atualmente, manifestações de rua em nosso país, e as respectivas reportagens na mídia, motivam a retomar alguns materiais de pesquisa trazendo à tona o clima de efervescência política de cinquenta anos atrás. Assim, com inspiração em Foucault, este texto convida a um exercício analítico acerca das verdades instituídas na mídia impressa, sobre política e educação, a partir dos jornais gaúchos Correio do Povo, Última Hora e Zero Hora ao longo do ano de 1963 e parte de 1964.

  20. Juan Serrano Gómez, un militar de nuevo cuño en Filipinas

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    del Pino Díaz, Fermín

    1998-08-01

    Full Text Available This article studies the particular case of a military man, closely associated with Joaquín Costa, who lived in the Philippines in two different occasions (1861-67 and 1887-89. He published reports in Spain proposing new and renovating policies towards the cultural minorities (muslims, Indians, Chinese, etc. which were founded on cultural tolerance and a preference for "civilization" over "evangelization". These proposals are compared with Costa's wellknown programme in order to know whether the studied materials can shed further light on the Philippine independentist process.

    Se presenta el caso singular de un militar, colaborador de Costa, que reside dos veces en Filipinas (1861-67, 1887-89 y publica en España informes y propuestas renovadoras sobre medidas a tomar con las minorías culturales (musulmanes, indios, chinos, etc., en sentido de tolerancia cultural, y de preferencia de la meta civilizadora sobre la evangelizadora. Se compara con el conocido programa costista, para cuestionar si podemos comprender mejor el proceso independentista filipino de acuerdo a estos testimonios singulares.