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Sample records for catolicismo social porvenir

  1. Catolicismo social: porvenir de una tradición en crisis

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    Eduardo Silva

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available Como cierre prospectivo de un coloquio dedicado al catolicismo social, este artículo reconoce, en su primera parte, la crisis del discurso social de la Iglesia. Crisis no solo actual, sino también en el origen e historia de una tradición que se estima es uno de los antecedentes de la renovación conciliar, que en su diálogo con el mundo invita a la entrada del tiempo en la teología y en la ética. El porvenir de esta tradición en crisis requiere del recurso a la razón filosófica y a la realidad histórica. Por ello en la segunda parte se recogen los aportes de la filosofía política de Paúl Ricoeury de Charles Taylor en tres asuntos claves: lo bueno respecto de lo justo, el holismo frente al atomismo, los derechos colectivos frente a la exclusividad de los derechos individuales. Finalmente, en la tercera parte recogiendo su legado y estos debates filosóficos se reflexiona sobre el aporte del catolicismo social latinoamericano a un continente en el que los procesos de mercantilización, despolitización e individualismo, que acompañan esta modernidad tardía globalizada, amenazan con la disolución de nuestras comunidades históricas en sociedades sin atributos y sin identidad cultural. Las tradiciones vivas del continente, seculares y religiosas, y entre ellas el catolicismo, son el mayor recurso para enfrentar este desafío que suma a la cuestión social el de la cuestión liberal.As a closing perspective at a colloquium dedicated to Social Catholicism, this article recognizes, in the first section, the crisis in the social discourse of the Church. This crisis is not exclusively a present reality, but is also found in the origins and history of a tradition that is considered to be one of the precedents to conciliar renewal, which in its dialogue with the world invites modern times into theology and ethics. The future of this tradition in crisis demands recourse to philosophical reason and historical reality. So, in the second part

  2. Algunas tendencias del catolicismo social en Chile: reflexiones desde la historia

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    ANDREA BOTTO

    2008-01-01

    Full Text Available En este ensayo queremos proponer una mirada diferente a lo que se ha entendido de la relación entre catolicismo social y los grupos que lo han sustentado. En la década de 1930, por diversos motivos, surgieron desde una especial generación de jóvenes católicos chilenos vinculados al conservadurismo, diferentes grupos que interpretaron a su manera cómo llevar a la práctica las doctrinas sociales dictadas desde Roma. Esas diferentes interpretaciones generaron una división profunda en el catolicismo chileno, que trascendió hasta el mundo de la política y generaron profundos resentimientos que subsistieron por varias décadas. Se propone aquí un recorrido sobre esas posiciones que nos servirá para entender parte del proceso que ha vivido el catolicismo nacional en el siglo XX, y para comprender el origen de algunas posturas que continúan vigentes en aquel espectro católico vinculado a posturas más tradicionales y conservadoras.In this essay, the author proposes a different perspective on what has been understood up to now regarding the relationship between Social Catholicism and the groups that have sustained it. In the decade of the 1930s, for diverse motives, different groups emerged from a special generation of young Chilean Catholics linked to a hard-line conservatism. These groups interpreted in their own ways how to put into practice the social doctrines dictated by Rome. Those different interpretations generated a deep división within Chilean Catholicism which transcended into the world of politics and generated deep resentments that subsisted for several decades. A review of those positions is proposed here, serving to help us understand part of the process that national Catholicism lived out in the 20th century, and comprehend the origin of some positions that are still current in that Catholic spectrum linked to more traditional and conservative postures.

  3. Madres sociales de la aldea: la maestra española durante el nacional-catolicismo

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    Sonsoles San Román Gago

    2015-06-01

    Full Text Available Mi objetivo es señalar cómo asumen la evolución de modelos culturales dos espacios histórico-generacionales de maestras formadas antes y después de la Guerra Civil que ejercen durante el nacional-catolicismo en escuelas públicas de aldeas rurales. Quiero situar el artículo en un marco que permita comprender formación de identidades desde la perspectiva del cambio social y la asimilación a los modelos culturales. Entiendo que para esas maestras los inicios en su profesión son claves para comprender en qué medida cambios sociales y modelos educativos moldean identidades por sesgo generacional. Me propongo captar identidades de género para indagar su función regeneracionista como madres sociales de la aldea. He seleccionado para ello dos diarios de maestras representativas en dos periodos históricos. La metodología cualitativa ha sido utilizada para comprender la construcción social de las identidades de la maestra a través del análisis del texto escrito y poder así contextualizar el significado del cambio social con el análisis de su propio discurso, el texto escrito. Mis hipótesis son: 1 el momento en que empiezan a ejercer es importante para comprender cómo asumen la evolución de los modelos culturales; 2 la forma en que han asimilado las fases históricas del nacional-catolicismo en aldeas rurales moldea sus estructuras psicológicas; 3 la adaptación a la cultura de las aldeas va produciendo identidades sociales y de género. He llegado a las siguientes conclusiones: 1 la maestra es una pieza clave para comprender la evolución de los modelos culturales; 2 conocer lo que quieren recordar o silenciar permite captar el modo en que han asumido o rechazado los modelos ideológicos del nacional-catolicismo; 3 el sentido que dan a lo vivido va señalando significantes que permiten comprender el modo en que han socializado a las siguientes generaciones.

  4. La educación del obrero: los inicios del catolicismo social en Valencia

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    Cándido RUIZ RODRIGO

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: Dejando al margen, porque no forma parte de nuestro objetivo, la polémica acerca de la denominación del movimiento que nos ocupa (socialismo católico, catolicismo social, acción social-católica, etc., pretendemos detectar cuál ha sido su respuesta en el contexto de las acciones dirigidas a la redención de las clases populares, así como a su emancipación tanto económica y política como intelectual y moral.

  5. el ocaso y el porvenir

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    Laura Regil Vargas

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo inicia con un breve estudio de los signos vitales de la difusión dentro de la universidades. Cada vez es más frecuente encontrar a la difusión cultural en las universidades públicas detenida frente a la disyuntiva entre el debilitamiento y el porvenir, la agonía y la reactivación. Quienes se interesen en dar pasos que permitan transformar esta encrucijada, como punto de partida, encontrarán aquí pautas para la reflexión, orientadas a la puesta en marcha de acciones que apoyen y fortalezcan esta actividad, siempre mencionada como sustantiva, aunque, en la práctica, ubicada por debajo de la investigación y la docencia. En suma, es una propuesta para crear el porvenir de la difusión, a partir del análisis, la crítica constante y la evaluación.

  6. El primer catolicismo social en España. Estado de la cuestión

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    Feliciano MONTERO GARCÍA

    2010-02-01

    Full Text Available Desde que, recientemente, la historia del catolicismo social ocupa a la historiografía española, la atención se ha centrado preferentemente en el momento de máxima expansión y cristalización del movimiento, aproximadamente desde la primera guerra mundial hasta la guerra civil española. La maduración, en esta época, del sindicalismo católico, tanto rural como urbano, y las polémicas consiguientes sobre su neutrahdad, confesionalidad y amarillismo atrajeron especialmente la atención de los historiadores. Por otro lado, dentro de la dificultad general que presenta este tipo de estudios por la gran dispersión de las fuentes, la dificultad era mucho mayor si se pretendía reconstruir la primera etapa: la de los Círculos y las primeras Semanas Sociales, pues a la! dispersión había que añadir la ausencia aún de unas organizaciones suficientemente asentadas, y la escasez de pubUcaciones periódicas específicamente católico-sociales.

  7. Bufalera El Porvenir

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    Heyner Castro S

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available La finca el Porvenir está ubicada en San Rafael de Guatuso de Alajuela, en un pueblo llamado Mónico. La propiedad fue adquirida en el 2007 por la empresa denominada Academia RC Internacional S.A. la cual tenía la visión de convertirla en una finca criadora de búfalos de agua, ya que presentaba condiciones como llanuras y zonas inundables que favorecen esta práctica.A finales del 2007 se importó de Guatemala pie de cría, tanto hembras como machos; los animales poseían un perfil determinado y un alto mestizaje lechero, debido a que, en la finca de procedencia llevaban varios años mejorando el hato mediante la selección de los animales así como mejoramiento genético a través de la inseminación artificial utilizando butoros de las razas Murrah y Mediterránea principalmente.De este modo se inicia el desarrollo y mejoramiento del Porvenir enfocándose tanto en pastos como en infraestructura. Se construyeron instalaciones para la estabulación de animales, mangas y bretes para el manejo de estos, también se realizó una división de potreros para mejorar su rotación, ayudada por la instalación de cercas eléctricas.Durante el desarrollo de estas obras se consumió casi el primer año de trabajo por lo que durante este tiempo las búfalas no se ordeñaron y fueron mantenidas de una forma extensiva en donde los bucerros se criaron consumiendo toda leche.A finales del 2008 se inicia el ordeño a mano con un grupo de búfalas, esta práctica se realizó hasta que se terminó la sala de ordeño y se instaló completamente el equipo para el ordeño mecánico; luego de terminada la infraestructura se pudo tecnificar el ordeño hasta la actualidad.

  8. Difusión cultural universitaria: entre el ocaso y el porvenir

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    Laura Regil Vargas

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo inicia con un breve estudio de los signos vitales de la difusión dentro de la universidades. Cada vez es más frecuente encontrar a la difusión cultural en las universidades públicas detenida frente a la disyuntiva entre el debilitamiento y el porvenir, la agonía y la reactivación. Quienes se interesen en dar pasos que permitan transformar esta encrucijada, como punto de partida, encontrarán aquí pautas para la reflexión, orientadas a la puesta en marcha de acciones que apoyen y fortalezcan esta actividad, siempre mencionada como sustantiva, aunque, en la práctica, ubicada por debajo de la investigación y la docencia. En suma, es una propuesta para crear el porvenir de la difusión, a partir del análisis, la crítica constante y la evaluación.

  9. Catolicismo y política en el Gobierno de Kirchner

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    Fortunato MALLIMACI

    2009-11-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: Se trata de un estudio histórico y sociológico de las múltiples relaciones entre religión y política en Argentina mostrando un catolicismo que se presenta con propuestas a nivel social, simbólico y generador de identidad nacional. Se profundiza en las nuevas tensiones entre el actual gobierno peronista de Kirchner y la institución católica por el control de las creencias, los cuerpos y la memoria.ABSTRACT: The historical and sociological study of the relations between religion and politics in Argentina reveals a Catholicism that presents itself with a project at the social and symbolic level, and as provider of national identity. This is accentuated in the new tensions between the current Peronist government of Kirchner and the institutional Catholic church over control of beliefs, bodies and memory.

  10. IDENTIFICACION Y EVALUACIÓN DE RIEGOS RELLENO SANITARIO TERRAZAS DEL PORVENIR MUNICIPIO DE SOGAMOSO - BOYACA - COLOMBIA

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    Pulido-Tibocha, María Carolina

    2013-01-01

    La Compañía de Servicios Públicos de Sogamoso COSERVICIOS S.A. E.S.P. es una sociedad de economía mixta y anónima. Identificación y evaluar los Riesgos existentes en el relleno sanitario Terrazas del Porvenir.

  11. Silêncios e diálogos: o catolicismo e a defesa dos direitos sociais e humanos ante à intolerância política da ditadura militar no Brasil (1964-1985

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    Lucília de Almeida Neves

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available Os anos 1964-1985 se caracterizam pela mobilização popular e pela emergência de uma poderosa vontade de mudança social. Queria-se uma libertação das opressões históricas que a maioria do povo vinha sofrendo. Paradoxalmente, foi um tempo de autoritarismo e desrespeito aos direitos sociais e humanos. Este trabalho pretende analisar o movimento do catolicismo brasileiro, especialmente sua luta por esses direitos. Diversos aspectos atuam e influenciam no contexto político-religioso desse período. A reconstrução do significado desse movimento valeu-se de ampla documentação. Apesar dos entraves e das limitações, o catolicismo fez seu percurso e assinalou um passo importante na trajetória histórica desse período. Na compreensão e análise desse caminho, está a proposta deste estudo.Palabras clave: Catolicismo; Direitos sociais e humanos.ABSTRACTThe years 1964-1985 were characterised by popular mobilisation and the emergence of a powerful wish for social change, in the sence of a liberation from historical oppressions suffered by most people. Paradoxically, it was a time of authoritarianism and disregard for social and human rights. This paper aims at analysing the movemnt of Brazilian Catholicism, especially its fight for those rights. Various aspects play a part in and influence the political and religious context of that period. A wide range of documents was used for reconstructing the meaning of that movement. Despite hindrances and constraints, Catholicism made its way and pointed out an important step in the historical development of the period. This paper aims at understanding and analysing that way.Key words: Catholicism; Social and human rights.

  12. Factores que impiden el crecimiento socio económico de la corporación de producción y comercialización agrícola porvenir Valle del Chota en la comunidad de Chota cantón Ibarra; Diseño de un modelo administrativo financiero-contable para la corporación de producción y comercialización ''Porvenir Valle del Chota'', en el 2014.

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    Espinel Ponce, Edison Wilman

    2015-01-01

    Determinar la situación administrativa y financiera actual de la ''Corporación de Producción y Comercialización Agrícola Porvenir Valle del Chota'' con la finalidad de conocer y comprender el funcionamiento de la Corporación. Diseñar un modelo administrativo financiero, con políticas y procedimientos acorde a los requerimientos de la Corporación de Producción y Comercialización Agrícola ''Porvenir Valle del Chota'', con la finalidad de apoyar su desarrollo. El presente trabajo busca det...

  13. "¡QUIZÁS TAMBIÉN LA RISA TIENE AÚN UN PORVENIR!"

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    Patrick Wotling

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo analiza y estudia las implicaciones de la renovación de la idea de conocimiento inducida por el ¿saber jovial¿ en el pensamiento de Nietzsche. Muestra que las diversas comprensiones de la ciencia resultan de la dominación de ciertos afectos. Igualmente afirma que la cuestión de la jerarquía es central en la filosofía nietzscheana, y el problema de los valores es medular en su idea de saber jovial. Desde este punto de vista, se comprende el privilegio acordado a la jovialidad de espíritu (heiterkeit, garante de salud y de porvenir para la humanidad.

  14. Espaço e distinção social: o catolicismo na Província de Sergipe Space and social distinction: Catholicism in the Province of Sergipe, Brazil

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    Péricles Morais de Andrade Júnior

    2010-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as distinções sociais constituídas no catolicismo na Província de Sergipe Del Rey durante o século XIX. A análise está centrada nos critérios de admissão de duas irmandades religiosas atuantes na cidade de Estância. A pesquisa demonstra que havia uma população dividida entre as irmandades do Santíssimo Sacramento e de Nossa Senhora do Rosário, reflexos de uma hierarquia social mais diversificada, que diziam respeito a critérios de cor, riqueza e prestígio social. O espaço apresentava significados, na medida em que a cidade reproduzia simbolicamente a sociedade e sua organização em estratos sociais. Em outras palavras, observamos que o campo religioso católico na povoação de Estância seguia aos mecanismos de expressão da segregação e apresentava-se como representativo das oposições significativas entre os segmentos sociais, caracterizados a partir destas associações que definiam a posição social e os gostos dos seus integrantes.This article aims to analyze the social distinctions incorporated in the Catholicism in the province of Sergipe Del Rey during the nineteenth century. The analysis will be centered in the criteria of admission of two active religious brotherhoods in the city of Estancia in Sergipe, Brazil. The research shows that there was a population divided between the brotherhoods of the Blessed Sacrament and Our Lady of the Rosary, reflections of a more diversified social hierarchy about the criteria of race, wealth and social prestige. The space presented meanings in so far as the city reproduced, symbolically, the society and its organization in social strata. In other words, we notice that the Catholic religious field in the population of Estancia followed the mechanisms of expression of the segregation and presented itself as representative of the oppositions between the social groups, which were characterized by associations which defined the social position

  15. Contrarréplica a “Apostillas sobre Catolicismo y ciencia moderna”

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    Luis Corsi Otálora

    1990-01-01

    Full Text Available En momentos en los cuales parece casi extinguido el espíritu universitario de análisis acerca de los grandes problemas conceptuales, es de celebrar que los profesores Luz Amanda Salazar Hurtado y Fabio Barrera TélIez, se hayan tomado la molestia de comentar y criticar el trabajo Catolicismo y Ciencia moderna. Permiten así proponer debates que superen, por una parte, los pobres marcos de una tecnocracia pendiente de la rentabilidad de sus estudios; por otra, capaces de aclarar un poco el panorama de un cientifismo saturado de montañas de saber inasimilado, a causa del exceso respeto a tratados de autores con nombre resonante.

  16. “¡Quizás también la risa tiene aún un porvenir!”

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    Patrick Wotling

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available El artículo analiza y estudia las implicaciones de la renovación de la idea de conocimiento inducida por el “saber jovial” en el pensamiento de Nietzsche. Muestra que las diversas comprensiones de la ciencia resultan de la dominación de ciertos afectos. Igualmente afirma que la cuestión de la jerarquía es central en la filosofía nietzscheana, y el problema de los valores es medular en su idea de saber jovial. Desde este punto de vista, se comprende el privilegio acordado a la jovialidad de espíritu (heiterkeit, garante de salud y de porvenir para la humanidad.

  17. Cultura de la innovación y su influencia en la competitividad en la industria del calzado del distrito el porvenir, Trujillo

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    Urcia Cruz, Manuel

    2014-01-01

    There search aims to measure innovation of products and processes companies shoe manufacturers District El Porvenir, Trujillo-Peru to propose improvements in the competitiveness of the footwear industry. It has developed a diagnostic footwear industry to measure the innovation process developed by the micro enterprises. For which the relevant variables of the innovation system was determined and with them the Enterprise Technological Innovation Indicator footwear sector was established. The s...

  18. «Soy un instrumento de Dios». Un análisis etnográfico del carisma en el catolicismo contemporáneo argentino

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    Ana Lucía Olmos Álvarez

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available El carisma, su definición y su alcance constituyeron una problemática transversal a las ciencias sociales durante el siglo XX, preocupadas por explicar procesos en los que se solapaban rasgos individuales y fuentes sobrenaturales de conocimiento y poder; estos procesos oficiaban de base para las relaciones sociales. El presente artículo busca aportar nuevas miradas a estas discusiones, analizándolas en el contexto del catolicismo contemporáneo argentino. Específicamente el análisis se centra en un movimiento de sanación formado en torno a un sacerdote católico de origen asiático. Exploraremos estas cuestiones a partir del análisis de los elementos que configuran como excepcional la figura del líder y atribuyen sentidos a la experiencia del encuentro con sus seguidores: lugar de procedencia, rasgos físicos y características mágicas.

  19. La “Mujer Católica” y la sociedad de masas en la Argentina de entreguerras. Catolicismo social, consumo e industria cultural en la ciudad de Rosario (1915-1940

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    Mauro, Diego

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available This paper explores how, from a series of editorial initiatives, Social Catholics of Rosario (Argentina reproduced and disseminated traditional conceptions of “Catholic woman”, presented as opposed to the “Modern woman” – in the context of processes forming a mass society in Argentina. Specifically, we focus on the description and analysis of the resources used to reproduce female stereotypes Catholics in the mold of mass culture, increasingly widespread, and the culture industry. Thus expected to contribute to the understanding of the processes of “religious change” that crossed the Argentine Catholicism during the interwar period.El presente trabajo indaga cómo, a partir de una serie de iniciativas editoriales, los católicos sociales de Rosario (Argentina reprodujeron y difundieron las concepciones tradicionales de “mujer católica” —presentadas en contraposición a la llamada “mujer moderna”— en el marco de los procesos de conformación de una sociedad de masas en la Argentina. Concretamente, nos centraremos en la descripción y el análisis de los recursos empleados para reproducir los estereotipos femeninos católicos en los moldes de la cultura de masas, cada vez más difundidos, y en la industria cultural. Espera contribuir de este modo a la comprensión de los procesos de “cambio religioso” que atravesaron al catolicismo argentino durante el período de entreguerras.

  20. Catolicismo, Gentilismo e Mestiçagem na África Ocidental e Centro Ocidental no século XVIII

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    Suely Cordeiro Almeida

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available Resumo:Este trabalho trata dos processos de mescla cultural que se deram nos enclaves ibéricos da África Ocidental e Centro Ocidental, em especial nas formas de catolicismo mestiço surgidos nessas regiões. Realiza uma discussão sobre as relações desenvolvidas entre os lusos e os autóctones e as formas que encontraram para viver as religiões. O papel do governador ilustrado D. Francisco Inocêncio de Souza Coutinho e suas ações para coibir os gentilismos. Para tanto, foram utilizadas fontes primárias depositadas no AHU, cronistas e a historiografia sobre o tema. Todo o debate se dá a luz do conceito de mestiçagem desenvolvido por Serge Gruzinski que observa o fenômeno como elemento que atingiu a civilização moderna à medida que integravam-se os povos e os espaços do Novo Mundo ao projeto ibérico de expansão. As variedades surgidas para as práticas do catolicismo foram múltiplas, diferenciando-se nas duas regiões estudadas, mas sem deixar de envolver lusos e autóctones de forma completa tornando-se vetores para a propagação de práticas mestiças em outras partes do globo.

  1. Concepto y misión de la universidad. De Ortega y Gasset a la reforma universitaria del nacionalismo-catolicismo

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    Angel González Hernández

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available Como refleja el pensamiento orteguiano, todo intento de reforma universitaria debía partir de su concepción sistémico-funcional, de modo que su organización y funciones debían establecerse de acuerdo con los servicios que de ella se esperan. O dicho de otro modo, desde las finalidades que le asignemos dentro del correspondiente sistema educativo en que se encuadra, integrado a su vez en un determinado contexto sociocultural con su específica filosofía política y educativa. Desde este planteamiento, en línea con la concepción herbartiana de la educación y de la identificación de los problemas políticos y educativos como cuestiones de pedagogía social, en cuanto pretende la transformación de una realidad social dada en otra que tomamos como modélica o ejemplar; el estudio que presentamos analiza la misión de la Universidad en el marco de dos contextos sociopolíticos radicalmente diferenciados desde la ideología hegemónica subyacente: la Segunda República (libertad, igualdad, democracia, derechos del hombre, laicismo, racionalismo, y cientificismo y la Dictadura Franquista (nacionalismo, catolicismo, elitismo, imperialismo, autoritarismo, dogmatismo, anti-intelectualismo y politización de la ciencia misma. 

  2. Análisis de la gestión empresarial y propuesta estratégica de crecimiento de las Mypes del sector calzado de El Porvenir 2013

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    Vela Gonzáles, Edwards Williams

    2014-01-01

    This study is descriptive, and its purpose is to solve the problems troubling reality, which traverse the footwear sector MYPES district of El Porvenir, in the department of La Libertad, in Peru, in 2013. The hypothesis is whether the analysis of business management, allows the formulation, in a competitive and sustainable way, of an strategic proposal of growing for the MYPES sector. The objective of this research is to test the hypothesis through the analysis of business management to...

  3. Estrategias de (reapropiación urbana y disputa territorial en la conformación de los barrios alteños El Porvenir I y 16 de Julio (Bolivia, 1985-2012

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    Mariela Paula Diaz

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Generalmente la ciudad de El Alto (Bolivia es analizada como un núcleo urbano homogéneo. Eneste artículo se analiza la existencia de ejemplos de desarrollo urbano desigual y combinado. Elobjetivo principal es abordar las estrategias de acceso al hábitat y la (reapropiación del territoriourbano por parte de los migrantes aymaras residentes en el barrio periférico El Porvenir I y enel barrio céntrico 16 de Julio. Se presta atención a la disputa con los diversos actores sociales queparticipan en la dinámica de la construcción barrial: los loteadores informales y el Estado duranteel periodo 1985-2012.Para llevar a cabo este estudio se aplicó una metodología cualitativa que incluyó entrevistas semiestructuradasa la población migrante y a los informantes-clave y observación no participante,incorporando datos de fuentes secundarias.

  4. UNA MAQUINARIA DE DOMINACIÓN MUNDIAL: EL CATOLICISMO ARGENTINO SEGÚN LOS PRIMEROS MISIONEROS MENONITAS

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    Agustina Altman

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo abordar la mirada sobre el catolicismo que construyeron los primeros menonitas establecidos en Argentina, entre su llegada al país en 1917 y el comienzo del Concilio Vaticano II en 1962. Para ello, utilizaremos los escritos personales de diversos miembros de la Iglesia Menonita, incluyendo sus análisis de notas periodísticas, y las publicaciones menonitas en Argentina. Las divergencias en puntos centrales como la separación entre la iglesia, el Estado y la política partidaria, y una concepción no jerárquica de la comunidad de fieles, serán temas recurrentes en la disputa por una posición dentro de un campo religioso en plena conformación.

  5. Imágenes especulares: Educación, laicidad y catolicismo en Santa Fe, 1900-1940

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    Diego A. Mauro

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo se interroga en torno a las relaciones entre catolicismo y laicismo en el terreno educativo. Se pregunta, en particular, sobre la consistencia historiográfica de las imágenes construidas como reflejo de la tesis del "renacimiento católico". Según estos cuadros, la contracara del denominado "renacimiento" habría sido el ocaso de una "Argentina laica y liberal", consagrada en términos educativos en la ley 1420. Partiendo de estas visiones especulares, el texto se propone discutir, para el caso de la provincia de Santa Fe, algunos de los argumentos esgrimidos tras la "postal laicista", a la luz de los debates abiertos en torno a las teorías de la "secularización" y de la "modernidad".

  6. Revolución, contrarrevolución... Evolución: Catolicismo y nuevas formas de legitimidad política en la España del siglo XIX. Los casos de Jaime Balmes y Juan Donoso Cortés

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    Acle-Kreysing, Andrea

    2016-06-01

    Full Text Available In contrast to traditional portraits of Balmes and Donoso Cortés as the most relevant figures of nineteenth-century Spanish Catholicism, which suppose them in pursuit of the same goals, this article highlights crucial differences between them, focusing upon three aspects: the relationship between catholicism and liberalism, the Church-State relations during the década moderada (1843-1854 and the situation of the Church in Europe in the context of the 1848 Revolutions. Their political projects show how contemporary Catholicism oscillated between intransigence and ideological openness.En contraste con el retrato tradicional de Balmes y Donoso Cortés como las figuras más importantes del catolicismo español en el siglo XIX, que da por sentado que persiguieron los mismos objetivos, este artículo señala diferencias cruciales entre ellos, centrándose en tres aspectos: el nexo entre catolicismo y liberalismo, la relación entre Iglesia y Estado durante la década moderada (1843-1854, y la situación de la Iglesia en Europa en el contexto de las revoluciones de 1848. Sus proyectos políticos muestran cómo el catolicismo de su época osciló entre la intransigencia y la apertura ideológica.

  7. Clareo con selección de árboles de porvenir sobre regenerado post-incendio de elevada densidad de pino carrasco en el Parque Regional del Sureste.

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    Orduña Rubio, Berta

    2017-01-01

    Se presenta una experiencia sobre una masa de pino carrasco de 10 años de edad y elevada densidad (más de 10.000 pies/ha), en estado de monte bravo a bajo latizal, originada tras un incendio ocurrido en una repoblación (monte “Casa Eulogio”; Rivas-Vaciamadrid, Madrid). Se seleccionaron 400 pies/ha de porvenir, apeándose todos los pies vecinos en un radio de 1 ó 2 m para favorecer su desarrollo. Todo ello, en un contexto de restricciones económicas que obliga a buscar fórmulas que optimicen el...

  8. Implementación del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud ocupacional para reducir incidentes laborales en la U.E.A. Porvenir De Minera Centro S.A.C.

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    Quispe Galván, Ciro Benigno

    2014-01-01

    El presente trabajo brinda criterios y herramientas para la implementación de un sistema de gestión de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional para la U.E.A. PORVENIR de MINERA CENTRO S.A.C. La tesis toma como referencia al Sistema Internacional de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional OHSAS 18001 y las normas técnicas peruanas de seguridad y salud ocupacional en el sector minero, tal como la norma establecida en el D.S. N° 055-2010-EM, Reglamento de Seguridad y salud Ocupacional en Minería. L...

  9. A Companhia de Reis Santa Luzia, Londrina/PR: considerações acerca do catolicismo tradicional popular brasileiro e o papel de seus mestres-rituais

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    André Camargo Lopes

    2009-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo é resultado de uma série deentrevistas realizadas com o mestreembaixadorAntonio Francisco, da Companhiade Reis Santa Luzia, assim como o trabalho deobservação participante da jornada de Reis2007/2008 que realizamos junto a Companhiapelos bairros do município de Londrina/PR.Temos por objetivo apontar neste artigo algunselementos que caracterizam o catolicismo tradicionalpopular brasileiro, em seu aspectocultural, configurando a partir desta perspectivaa formação de seus mestres-rituais e a estruturaritualística e organizacional da jornada deReis dentro deste universo cultural.

  10. Europeísmo y catolicismo en el discurso cultural y político catalán de la posguerra

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    Carles Santacana i Torres

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Entre los elementos que configuran la reelaboración del discurso democrático en la posguerra, tienen un papel relevante la redefinición del catolicismo y un nuevo concepto de europeísmo. En el primer caso se trata de la adecuación del cristianismo a una concepción de sociedad democrática, que arranca de la introducción de pensadores católicos europeos a través de publicaciones y grupos que rompen con el nacionalcatolicismo. Por otra parte, el europeísmo define un discurso de identificación con la democracia y la libertad que adquiere todo su contenido en el contexto de la Guerra Fría, y que será un punto de encuentro para las diferentes corrientes democráticas.

  11. Efectividad del programa educativo sobre desarrollo psicomotor en el nivel de conocimientos del cuidador familiar y el desarrollo del niño menor de cinco años. P. J. El Porvenir B - Chimbote, 2007

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    Reyna Márquez, Elena Esther

    2015-01-01

    Investigación de tipo pre - experimental, se realizó con el objetivo de determinar la efectividad del programa educativo sobre desarrollo psicomotor en el nivel de conocimientos del cuidador familiar y el desarrollo psicomotor del niño menor de cinco años en el pueblo joven El Porvenir B. Con una población muestral de 27 cuidadoras familiares y sus niños menores de cinco años. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó el programa educativo sobre desarrollo psicomotor, el cuestionario sobre desar...

  12. Una máquinaria dogmática de negociación: Catolicismo y Regeneración en Colombia

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    Oscar Saldarriaga Vélez

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo analiza la política oficial de la Iglesia católica colombiana frente al liberalismo entre 1886 y 1930. Se rechaza la tesis de que el catolicismo fue totalmente intransigente con la modernidad liberal y sostiene que, por el contrario, la Iglesia de fin de siglo sostuvo una distinción pastoral entre tesis (dogma e hipótesis (adaptación local, que dio lugar a una compleja política de adaptación que acá se denomina “maquinaria dogmática de negociación”, caracterizada como un dispositivo discursivo (la filosofía neotomista y político (un sistema de clasificación de tipos de liberalismo para diferenciar hombres de ideas y producir un gobierno individualizado, seleccionando situaciones y personas caso por caso. Dispositivo entrópico que fue minando su propia capacidad de gestionar las tensiones generadas y los acuerdos alcanzados.

  13. OTRO CATOLICISMO POSIBLE: INSTITUCIÓN, DIOS Y AGENTES CATÓLICOS EN LAS EXPERIENCIAS BIOGRÁFICAS DE LAS FIELES

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    Ana Lucía Olmos Álvarez

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo indaga en las carreras religiosas de los adherentes a un movimiento católico carismático de Argentina con miras a evidenciar el vínculo que los actores tejen activamente con el credo y la institución que afirma representarlo. Para ello, se recurre a tres variables: las representaciones sobre la institución religiosa, las nociones de dios y, por último, las características otorgadas a los agentes institucionales católicos. Se sostiene que las concepciones nativas de estas categorías sirven de soporte para la emergencia de nuevas formas de habitar el catolicismo cuyas prácticas y creencias discurren en sentidos opuestos o en tensión a los que la institución eclesial configura. La arquitectura empírica de este trabajo se sostiene en una aproximación etnográfica que abarca el período julio 2009 a abril 2015.

  14. OS “PASTORES GUERREIROS”: JESUÍTAS, CATOLICISMO E HISTÓRIA NO PENSAMENTO MONARQUISTA-CATÓLICO (Dossiê: História, Política e Intelectuais

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    Flávio Raimundo Giarola

    2014-12-01

    Full Text Available Em 1896, foi realizado em São Paulo, por um grupo de monarquistas-católicos, as comemorações do Tricentenário de Anchieta. O evento consolidou a presença dos membros da Companhia de Jesus como ícones do pensamento nacional destes intelectuais. Vistos como efetivadores da colonização na América Portuguesa, os jesuítas representavam, para os restauradores, a participação singular da Igreja Católica na formação do Brasil. Em suas origens, a nação é interpretada como uma iniciativa do catolicismo que, através da ferramenta da catequese, implantou as bases para o surgimento de uma civilização cristã, que frutificou no Novo Mundo até a ruptura republicana, em 1889. Palavras-Chave: monarquistas-católicos; jesuítas; catolicismoAbstract: In 1896, was held in São Paulo, by a group of royalist and Catholics intellectuals, the celebrations of III Anchieta’s centennial. The event consolidated the presence of the Society of Jesus as an icon of national thought these intellectuals. Seen as consolidators of Portugal colonization in America, the Jesuits represented the exceptional participation of the Catholic Church in Brazilian formation. In the rise of nation, Brazil is interpreted as a Catholic initiative that, by the catechesis, implemented the bases for emergence of a Christian civilization, which grew in the New World until the Republican break in 1889. Keywords: Royalist-Catholics; Jesuits; Catholicism Recebido em: 29/08/2014 – Aceito em 10/11/2014

  15. Imágenes especulares: Educación, laicidad y catolicismo en Santa Fe, 1900-1940

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    Diego A. Mauro

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo se interroga en torno a las relaciones entre catolicismo y laicismo en el terreno educativo. Se pregunta, en particular, sobre la consistencia historiográfica de las imágenes construidas como reflejo de la tesis del "renacimiento católico". Según estos cuadros, la contracara del denominado "renacimiento" habría sido el ocaso de una "Argentina laica y liberal", consagrada en términos educativos en la ley 1420. Partiendo de estas visiones especulares, el texto se propone discutir, para el caso de la provincia de Santa Fe, algunos de los argumentos esgrimidos tras la "postal laicista", a la luz de los debates abiertos en torno a las teorías de la "secularización" y de la "modernidad".The present work studies the relationships between catholicism and laicism in the educational field. In particular, it wonders about the historiographic consistency of the images built as a reflection of the "catholic rebirth" thesis. According to these frames, the counterpart of the denominated "rebirth" would have been the decline of a "lay and liberal Argentina", established in educational terms in the 1420 law. Starting from these views, the text discusses, for the Santa Fe county case, some of the arguments fenced behind the "lay postal", in light of the opened debates around the theories of the "secularization" and of the "modernity".

  16. Las cárceles de la “Nueva Argentina”: Administración del castigo y catolicismo durante el peronismo clásico

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    Jeremías Silva

    2012-03-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo analiza la importancia de la religión católica en la reforma penitenciaria del peronismo clásico (1946-1955. A partir del examen de los discursos y la justificación que hizo el principal encargado de la administración del castigo justicialista, Roberto Pettinato, buscamos esclarecer en qué medida el catolicismo ofreció un ideario para legitimar políticas gubernamentales y penetró en las instituciones estatales. Es por esto que junto al examen de la obra de los funcionarios gubernamentales, reconstruimos la cotidianidad de las instituciones penales para arrojar luz sobre cómo la simbología y las celebraciones oficiales de la Dirección General de Institutos Penales fueron profundamente impregnadas por la ritualidad católica, manifestándose en las cárceles de la “Nueva Argentina”

  17. La capacidad de gobernanza de la UE para dar respuesta a la crisis económica y evaluar y prevenir las necesidades futuras del mercado de trabajo

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    Francisco González-Blanch

    2011-01-01

    La gobernanza económica es una prioridad en las políticas comunitarias especialmente hoy, ante una crisis que confiere una imprevisibilidad excepcional en el porvenir de la economía europea. El examen de las causas de la crisis ha destacado diversas debilidades del Modelo Social Europeo. Los instrumentos de gobernanza del MSE (directivas, Directrices Integradas, método abierto de coordinación, Diálogo social, aprendizaje mutuo, programas comunitarios) deben revisarse para que sean pertinentes...

  18. CATOLICISMOS, NACIONALISMOS Y COMUNITARISMOS EN POLÍTICA SOCIAL. REDES CATÓLICAS EN LA CREACIÓN DEL MINISTERIO DE BIENESTAR SOCIAL DE ARGENTINA (1966-1970

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    Guido Giorgi

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo se propone estudiar los vínculos entre religión y política en general, y entre diversos grupos católicos y el Estado en particular, analizando la convergencia de distintas corrientes católicas, nacionalistas y comunitaristas durante el gobierno cívico-militar-religioso del Gral. Onganía en la Argentina (1966-1970. Veremos cómo la innovación institucional que constituye la creación del Ministerio de Bienestar Social dio lugar no solo a disputas por el control de los cargos de gobierno, sino también por la definición del rumbo de las políticas sociales.Recurriremos a la perspectiva de redes para identificar los distintos grupos socio-religiosos en los que estaban insertos los altos funcionarios de dicho gobierno; así como al análisis de documentos oficiales para dar cuenta de las concepciones comunitaristas de los actores.Esto nos permitirá probar la hipótesis de que el proyecto corporativista de la dictadura de Onganía habría tenido en el Ministerio de Bienestar Social uno de los intentos más claros de crear una sociedad comunitarista.

  19. Catolicismo popular e poder simbólico: Narrativas e representações sobre Frei Francisco de Monte São Vítor em Boa Vista–GO (1841-1859

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    Euclides Antunes Medeiros

    2014-05-01

    Full Text Available O objetivo desse artigo é problematizar, dentro das relações sociais de poder, as práticas simbólicas que orientavam a religiosidade vinculada às legitimações de poder na cidade de Boa Vista, extremo norte de Goiás, entre as décadas de 1840 e 1860. O simbolismo religioso, expresso em rituais de fé e de submissão, permeado por um catolicismo popular, articula-se às demandas de dominação política e econômica, típicas das práticas de mandonismo e de coronelismo brasileiro. Tal simbolismo, ainda, constrói uma economia de trocas simbólicas das quais surgem sofisticadas estratégias de dominação, resistência e negociação entre religiosos, coronéis e sertanejos. A realidade em Boa Vista entre as décadas de 1840 e 1860 foi um jogo em que política e religiosidade constituíram campos de poder nos quis as fronteiras do sagrado e do profano constituíam a arena privilegiada de atuação de Frei Francisco de Monte São Vitor.

  20. ESPACIOS DE SOCIABILIDAD, REDES SOCIALES DE LA RENOVACIÓN CATÓLICA Y MILITANCIA CONTESTARIA EN BAHÍA BLANCA (ARGENTINA ENTRE 1968 Y 1975

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    Virginia Dominella

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available El artículo reconstruye las relaciones entre personas y grupos del catolicismo liberacionista en Bahía Blanca (Argentina, entre 1968 y 1975. Describe los espacios de sociabilidad ligados a la renovación eclesial, así como las redes sociales que estos articularon. Analiza los modos en que esos vínculos actuaron en la generación de iniciativas comunes y en la participación de los actores en diversos ámbitos de acción social y política con el fin de aportar a la transformación de la sociedad en un contexto histórico marcado por la efervescencia social y política. Para este abordaje, se ha optado por una metodología cualitativa y, en este sentido, por la utilización de diversas estrategias, desde entrevistas en profundidad hasta el análisis de distintas fuentes empíricas (que incluyen testimonios éditos, prensa, informes de inteligencia y volantes, apelando a estrategias de triangulación para lograr una comprensión en profundidad del problema en cuestión.

  1. Acerca de la influencia de las creencias religiosas en los procesos de estratificación social en Estados Unidos, desde una perspectiva de método y teoría aplicados

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    Rafael Arriaga Martínez

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available en este artículo se aborda la experiencia socioeconó - mica de los mexicanos y los chinos de Estados Unidos, desde una perspectiva en la que los problemas de método, teoría y aplicación constituyen la mayor preocupación. Se destaca la utilidad heurística del individualismo metodoló - gico y la teoría general de la racionalidad, para explicar los resultados de esta experiencia en términos de estratifica - ción social. Se aclaran las dificultades de aplicación teórica, derivadas del corolario weberiano, en el que descansa el a priori hipotético planteado aquí, que considera las ideas y las creencias religiosas como elementos susceptibles de inhibir o estimular los procesos de estratificación social. Se demuestra la pertinencia de dicho a priori hipotético, aun cuando la realidad social en materia de estratificación social –favorable a los católicos de ascendencia europea y a los chino-estadounidenses– pueda ser materia para cues - tionar la tesis de Weber con respecto al catolicismo y el confucianismo.

  2. CRISIS DE FE. PSICOANÁLISIS EN EL MONASTERIO DE SANTA MARÍA DE LA RESURRECCIÓN, 1961-1968 (RESEÑA

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    Sebastián Pattin

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Crisis de fe se orienta a todo aquel investigador, o mero entusiasta, que quiera imbuirse en un encuentro único entre el catolicismo y el psicoanálisis en México. Valga precisar, un catolicismo conventual de monjes benedictinos y un psicoanálisis de grupo heredero de Melanie Klein.

  3. América Latina

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    Marcos Olalla

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo analiza el sentido intelectualista de la producción literaria modernista de Latinoamérica. Dicho enfoque es revisado en la obra del escritor argentino Manuel Ugarte (1875-1951 El porvenir de América Latina (1910. Nuestra lectura ofrece algunas líneas para la discriminación de las diversas fuentes ideológicas del intelectualismo en el “americanismo literario”. Consideramos en tal sentido la perspectiva historicista con la que Ugarte describe la composición social de América Latina.

  4. La América del Sud (1876-1880 y las perspectivas católicas sobre el vínculo entre la ciencia y el catolicismo en la Buenos Aires de fines del siglo XIX

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    Diego Castelfranco

    Full Text Available Este artículo analiza la construcción de un discurso sobre la ciencia por parte de diversos actores católicos en la Argentina de la década de 1870. La indagación está centrada en el periódico católico La América del Sud (1876-1880, que puede ser considerado uno de los voceros más importantes del catolicismo en el período. El tema es abordado prestando atención a las siguientes tres cuestiones: en primer lugar, se estudia la problemática del acercamiento católico a la ciencia en el marco de las disputas contemporáneas entre católicos y anticlericales; en segundo lugar, se intenta ubicar los debates en el contexto de las pugnas que, en esos mismos años, se libraban en Europa y Estados Unidos con respecto al carácter del vínculo entre la ciencia y a religión; por último, se observa la relación entre las ideas expresadas por La América del Sud y aquellas expresadas por la Curia de Buenos Aires

  5. La mortalidad por enfermedades del corazón y por reumatismo en la ciudad de Bogotá

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    Jorge Bejarano

    1940-10-01

    Estos dispensarios tendrían ante todo una misión que es preciso prever en el porvenir del cardiaco: la profesión. Cambiarla de un día al otro, no deja de ser un grave trastorno para quien ha ejercido determinado oficio. Esa orientación acorde con la enfermedad cardiaca, puede darla tempranamente el consultorio o centro diagnóstico. Buscar para el enfermo oficios o profesión que no le sean perjudiciales y buscarlos desde la niñez, debe ser una de las altas misiones sociales que linearían estos centros de higiene cardiaca.

  6. Religión y salud: la intervención pública de agentes religiosos católicos formados en bioética en el debate parlamentario sobre la muerte digna en la Argentina

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    Gabriela Irrazábal

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Desde una perspectiva sociológica, este trabajo aborda una de las aristas de la intervención pública de ciertos sectores del catolicismo en la elaboración y sanción de leyes de salud. En particular se hace foco en el debate en comisiones parlamentarias sobre la llamada ley de “muerte digna” (Ley 26742 en el cual se convocó a un grupo de expertos en bioética para asesorar a los senadores sobre los alcances y límites de la ley. La mayoría de los expertos invitados pregonan la perspectiva de la bioética personalista, un desarrollo teológico de la bioética del catolicismo contemporáneo. En el debate no participaron representantes de otros credos consolidando la ampliamente estudiada imbricación entre el catolicismo y lo político en Argentina.

  7. LATINO MIGRATION AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF U.S.A. CATHOLICISM: FRAMING THE QUESTION

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    Allan Figueroa Deck

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Este ensaio estuda a relação entre a migração latino-americana em direção ao Norte e as mudanças que estão tendo lugar no catolicismo estadunidense. A parte principal do artigo concentra-se na profunda e histórica experiência religiosa que os latinos trazem à Igreja nos Estados Unidos, herança marcadamente diferente da anglo-americana. Ao pano de fundo colonial, entretanto, devem ser acrescentadas as profundas mudanças que aconteceram no catolicismo latino-americano no período posterior ao Concilio Vaticano II. Os latinos têm sido um canal para comunicar a visão dinâmica de Medellín e Aparecida à Igreja católica estadunidense mais focada na conservação que na missão. A seção final trata das contribuições específicas do catolicismo latino à vida da Igreja estadunidense contemporânea através dos métodos pastorais renovados, da opção pelos pobres e da teologia da libertação, assim como no âmbito da oração, do culto e da espiritualidade, a preocupação pela justiça social, a religiosidade popular e a pastoral juvenil – para mencionar apenas algumas poucas. A eleição do Papa Francisco, o primeiro papa latino-americano, destaca a influência emergente do catolicismo latino-americano na cena mundial e não apenas nos Estados Unidos. ABSTRACT: This essay explores the link between Latin American migration northward and changes taking place in U.S. Catholicism. A major part of the article focuses on the deep and historic religious background that Latinos bring to the Church in the United States, a heritage markedly different from that of Anglo America. To the colonial background, however, must be added the profound changes that have taken place in Latin American Catholicism in the period after the Second Vatican Council. Latinos have been a conduit for communicating the dynamic vision of Medellín and Aparecida to a U.S. Catholic Church focused more on maintenance than mission. A final section looks at specific

  8. SANT’ANA: MUDANÇAS E NOVOS SIGNIFICADOS NA MAIOR FESTA RELIGIOSA DA CIDADE DE PONTA GROSSA – PR (1930 -1965

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    Denise Pereira

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available O artigo analisa as mudanças socioculturais da Festa de Sant’Ana, na cidade de Ponta Grossa – PR, esta que permeava toda a sociedade local e era comemorada desde a primeira metade do século XIX. Trabalhamos com o período 1930-1965, este foi marcado por algumas formas de mudanças no chamado catolicismo tradicional, de herança portuguesa, que aos poucos foi substituído pelo catolicismo romanizado. Analisamos como a Igreja, através de seu prelado, reagiu à festa popular e, simultaneamente compreendemos a representação simbólica dessa prática cultural no campo religioso. Deste modo, procuramos através dos artigos do Diário dos Campos, jornal local, de um lado demonstrar algumas formas de continuidades e mudanças do catolicismo popular, por outro lado, buscamos mostrar as estratégias de controle e tolerância exercidas pela Igreja.

  9. De indianismo eclesiástico y otros. Catolicismo social, discursos y prácticas étnicas en Michoacán (1940-1950

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    Jesús Solís Cruz

    2010-08-01

    Full Text Available A finales de 1930 el gobierno mexicano inauguró en Michoacán una nueva etapa de la política indigenista tendiente a integrar a este sector a la sociedad nacional. La práctica institucional en que derivó significó también un novedoso intento por incorporar a los indígenas a la estructura corporativa del Estado posrevolucionario. La tesis que subyace en el trabajo es que el actual activismo indio michoacano es deudor, en este sentido, de dos proyectos político sociales: el de la Iglesia católica y el del Estado posrevolucionario.

  10. La infancia contemporánea

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    Miguel Ángel Gómez - Mendoza

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Exponemos el resultado analítico de una consulta de un “corpus” documental representativo en la investigación social sobre el estado actual de los estudios sobre la infancia. Los criterios para elaborar el análisis y exposición de los resultados son: la variedad de concepciones sociales; el origen histórico y la perspectiva sociológica; la experiencia social de la infancia; las imágenes o representaciones que la sociedad tiene de ella; los desarrollos conflictivos de los derechos de la infancia en términos de educación y castigo jurídico; y el porvenir de la infancia moderna como sujeto de medios de comunicación. Historiadores e historiadoras, antropólogos y antropólogas, pedagogos y pedagogas, juristas y sociólogos y sociólogas, analizan los diversos sistemas de representación de la infancia constituidos en el tiempo y en el espacio.

  11. El concilio Vaticano II y su impacto en el campo episcopal argentino The Second Vatican Council and its impact on argentinian Episcopal field

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    Paulo Margaria

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo busca explorar el impacto que tuvo el Concilio Vaticano II en la Iglesia Católica Argentina, haciendo especial hincapié en el campo de los obispos, desde una perspectiva socio-religiosa que pretende dar cuenta de la complejidad del campo católico. Para ello nos parece adecuado utilizar la noción de "campo" en términos bourdianos. Consideramos que hablar de "campo religioso" nos permite concebir el catolicismo como un espacio social dinámico y atravesado por constantes conflictos y luchas llevadas a cabo por grupos de agentes que intentan dominar dicho campo. Esto nos permitirá caracterizar las diversas posturas que el Concilio acentuará en el catolicismo argentino, actuando de este modo como un propulsor y legitimador de reflexiones y conflictos que existían previamente.This article examines the impact that Second Vatican Council had on argentinian Catholic Church, with special emphasis on the Bishops field, from a socio-religious perspective that seeks to explain the complexity of Catholic field. Therefore, it seems appropriate to use the Pierre Bourdieu's notion of "field". We believe that talk about "religious field" allows us to conceive Catholicism as a dynamic social space spanned by constant conflicts and struggles carried out by groups of agents who tried to dominate the field. Again, this allows us to characterize the positions that the Council emphasized in the Argentine Catholicism, acting as a propellant and legitimizing ideas and conflicts that existed previously.

  12. Revolución y Constitución: Pensamiento y acción política de Miguel Palomar y Vizcarra

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    Hernández Vicencio, Tania

    2014-01-01

    Este trabajo es producto de una investigación más amplia sobre el significado que la Revolución de 1910 y la Constitución de 1917 tuvieron para los católicos mexicanos de principios del siglo XX. Recurriendo al discurso y la actuación de Miguel Palomar y Vizcarra, prominente líder del catolicismo social, este artículo aporta elementos de análisis de lo que Elías Palti llama la ideopraxis de personajes clave de la historia nacional. El trabajo abona a la historiografía sobre el impacto del pro...

  13. O conceito de romanização do catolicismo brasileiro e a abordagem histórica da Teologia da Libertação (The concept of Romanization of Brazilian Catholicism and the historical approach of the Liberation Theology - DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2013v11n32p1485

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    Maurício de Aquino

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available A criação da Comisión para el Estudio de la Historia de la Iglesia en Latino América (CEHILA, no ano de 1973, na cidade de Quito, Equador, está umbilicalmente ligada ao nascimento da Teologia da Libertação em face da qual se apresenta, duplamente, como fundamento e expressão.  Considerando essa premissa, este artigo apresenta, problematiza e demonstra as relações entre a Teologia da Libertação e a história renovada da Igreja produzida pelo grupo CEHILA desde a análise histórica de livros considerados referenciais e, sobretudo, de artigos da Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira (REB, pertinentes ao conceito de romanização do catolicismo brasileiro – uma das noções centrais da produção historiográfica CEHILA com importante repercussão nacional e internacional. O artigo encerra-se com uma caracterização dos significados do conceito de romanização do catolicismo, as razões de sua adoção pelo grupo CEHILA e a defesa de que essa história renovada da Igreja pode ser considerada a mais bem-sucedida expressão da teologia libertadora latino-americana. Palavras-chave: Teologia da Libertação. CEHILA. Romanização. Igreja Católica. História do Brasil.  Abstract The creation of CEHILA [Comisión para el Estudio de la Historia de la Iglesia en Latino América], in 1973, in Quito, Ecuador, is inextricably linked to the birth to Liberation Theology in which it presents itself, doubly, as theoretical support and expression. Taking into account this premise the present article aims to discuss and demonstrate the relationship between Liberation Theology and the new history of the Catholic Church written by historians of CEHILA, mainly in the articles of REB (Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira, particularly about the concept of Romanization of Brazilian Catholicism – a key concept of historical production of CEHILA with significant national and international impact. Finally, there is a characterization of the meanings attributed

  14. A Cultura clerical e a folia popular

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    Gaeta Maria Aparecida Junqueira Veiga

    1997-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo aborda o confronto entre um catolicismo autoritário, tridentino e romanizador, que penetrou no Brasil na segunda metade do século XIX e se consolidou nas primeiras décadas do século XX, e o catolicismo tradicional vigente, de fortes raízes populares. Em sua obsessão pela unanimidade, o ultramontanismo negou as outras formas de ser católico, estabelecendo as dicotomias entre o velho e o novo, o bom e o mau. Entretanto, as velhas formas de religiosidade popular resistiram, mantendo ainda hoje uma inesgotável fonte de devoção e de fé.

  15. Himno a Barranquilla

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    Amira de la Rosa

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available Barranquilla, prócera e inmortal Ceñida de agua y madurada al sol Savia joven del árbol nacional.   Del jubiloso porvenir crisol Ilusión de Caribe blanco-azul De Colombia tendida en el umbral Da su voz y su músculo al progreso Barranquilla, prócera e inmortal.   Barrancas de San Nicolás con el Magdalena detrás.   Coronada de firme amanecer  te conduce en su espalda el porvenir: las sirenas de fábrica y taller son rumor arterial de tu existir.   Barranquilla sabe cantar  y sobre el yunque martillar.   Tajamares de Bocas de Ceniza Cuchillada del río sobre el mar al Caribe central colombianiza  tu robusta aptitud de navegar.   Amira de la Rosa Poetisa y dramaturga colombiana (1903-1974 (Fundadora del colegio Gabriela Mistral de Barranquilla, 1926

  16. “Por cristo luto; por cristo vos conclamo”. Plínio Salgado e o catolicismo no Brasil: um casamento perfeito? = "Mourning in christ; christ in you I call". Plínio Salgado and Catholicism in Brazil: a perfect marriage?

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    Oliveira, Alexandre Luís de

    2016-01-01

    Full Text Available O presente trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar o quanto à separação do Estado com a religião, processo conhecido como secularização, enfrentou resistência por parte de lideranças políticas da década de 1930, em especial o Chefe Nacional da Ação Integralista Brasileira (AIB, Plínio Salgado. Suas posições se pautavam na resistência a um processo que havia se iniciado já no fim do século XIX, com a Proclamação da República e a não mais associação entre Estado brasileiro e Igreja Católica Romana. Sua atuação foi marcadamente influenciada por uma religiosidade aflorada, e em seus textos ficou evidente a tentativa de manter o Estado atrelado ao catolicismo. Juntamente a esses fatos, demonstramos o quanto as relações das lideranças católicas e Plínio Salgado foram repletas de movimentos de aproximação e distanciamento, principalmente devido à desconfiança dessas em relação ao futuro político do Brasil. Nosso esforço é no sentido de compreender o quanto esse processo de secularização não foi pacífico e muito menos aceito por toda a sociedade da época

  17. El seguro obligatorio contra enfermedades e invalidez

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    Gustavo Gómez Hurtado

    1943-05-01

    Full Text Available No es desconocido este importante tema médico-social entre los colegas federados. Algunas publicaciones de "Heraldo Médico", entre otras; el interesante artículo del doctor Fidel Torres León, publicado en este mismo órgano en agosto de 1940, nos han traído interesantes puntos de discusión al respecto; pero parece que no despertaron más que un entusiasmo momentáneo. Sin embargo, a las medidas de solidaridad social frente a los enemigos eternos del hombre: la Enfermedad, la Invalidez y la Muerte, han tenido necesidad de recurrir los pueblos más ricos y más cultos del mundo. Es tiempo de que los médicos colombianos, como guardianes de la salud y del porvenir fisiológico de la raza, nos encarguemos de plantear estos problemas al Estado y a la opinión pública.

  18. Um altar romano na baía do Guajará: programa iconológico e reforma católica na Catedral da Sé de Belém do Pará (1867-1892

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    Aldrin Figueiredo

    2016-09-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo analisa o papel da arte sacra e religiosa na Amazônia no contexto do movimento de renovação do catolicismo brasileiro no século XIX, conhecido como reforma católica Para isso, toma, como objeto de análise, a encomenda do altar mor de Nossa Senhora de Belém pelo bispo do Pará D. Antônio de Macedo Costa (1830-1891 para o escultor e arquiteto italiano Luca Carimini (1830-1890. Essa obra, juntamente com outras realizadas no mesmo período do pontificado de Pio IX, perfaz um programa iconológico e um corpus narrativo de fundo artístico e sagrado, que são testemunhos da pedagogia e dos debates políticos na história do catolicismo romano e brasileiro do século XIX. Além disso, movimenta artistas que atuaram sob o mecenato do papa Pio IX para cidades latino-americanas como Santiago, no Chile, e Belém do Pará, no Brasil, evidenciando conexões artísticas, intelectuais e religiosas entre o Vaticano e a América do Sul, como parte do movimento internacional de renovação do catolicismo. 

  19. Claves belgas para la lectura de Por la Europa católica de Emilia Pardo Bazán

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    Behiels, Lieve

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available In 1901, Emilia Pardo Bazán took a trip to Belgium in order to familiarize herself with Belgian social Catholicism; the result was an essay, Por la Europa católica. In this article we will try to answer the following questions: did the author interview relevant personalities, did she document herself with trustworthy sources and did she provide a faithful image of the Belgian socio-political reality to her Spanish readers? First we will offer data about the publication of the texts, second we will sketch the context of the social role of the Church in Belgium and Spain at the turn of the century, and then we will analyse the chapters on social policy in the essay. We may conclude that Pardo Bazán interviewed Catholic figures of the highest level and visited important social works supervised by the Church, but she made no contact with the early Christian democracy. Her main source of information on the socialist movement is Le socialisme en Belgique, still a historical reference work. Although she knew about the tensions in the Catholic party and the huge social antagonisms, in her book she tends to present a too idyllic image of Belgium, probably in order to be able to present the country’s social Catholicism as an example for Spain.En 1901, Emilia Pardo Bazán realizó un viaje a Bélgica para conocer desde dentro el catolicismo social belga. Nos preguntamos en este artículo si la autora entrevistó las figuras realmente relevantes, si se documentó en las fuentes importantes y si da una imagen fiable de la situación sociopolítica belga al lector español. En primer lugar ofrecemos datos sobre la publicación de los textos, luego esbozamos el contexto del papel social de la Iglesia en Bélgica y en España y analizamos los capítulos sobre política social de Por la Europa católica. Podemos concluir que la autora entrevistó figuras intelectuales de pro entre el clero y visitó obras sociales enmarcadas por la Iglesia, pero no contact

  20. La capacidad de gobernanza de la UE para dar respuesta a la crisis económica y evaluar y prevenir las necesidades futuras del mercado de trabajo

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    Francisco González-Blanch

    2011-05-01

    Full Text Available La gobernanza económica es una prioridad en las políticas comunitarias especialmente hoy, ante una crisis que confiere una imprevisibilidad excepcional en el porvenir de la economía europea. El examen de las causas de la crisis ha destacado diversas debilidades del Modelo Social Europeo. Los instrumentos de gobernanza del MSE (directivas, Directrices Integradas, método abierto de coordinación, Diálogo social, aprendizaje mutuo, programas comunitarios deben revisarse para que sean pertinentes en la situación actual. La capacidad de la UE y los EEMM para prever, anticipar y adaptar las competencias requeridas a las necesidades del mercado de trabajo constituye una condición esencial para la elaboración de políticas de empleo eficaces. La evaluación puede aportar criterios e instrumentos útiles para desarrollar la capacidad de gobernanza de la política de empleo con el fin de hacer frente a las necesidades actuales del mercado de trabajo y posibles reformas.

  1. Alfonso Reyes y el cine del porvenir

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    Betina Keizman

    2015-07-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo se propone situar la reflexión de Alfonso Reyes sobre el cine en el marco de las recepciones del primer cine, considerando también cómo esta reflexión se articula en relación con el pensamiento crítico del escritor mexicano. En particular, se analiza el modo en que, por vía de la especulación, Reyes ensaya posibles redefiniciones para una nueva distribución de lo sensible y de las artes, de los valores cognitivos y expresivos de la luz y de los vínculos arte-ciencia. Lo que se lee en Reyes es un esfuerzo por pensar nuevas formas de inventiva que se desprenden (o podrían desprenderse del arte cinematográfico.

  2. Leonardo de Vinci, el pregonero del porvenir

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    Ernesto Cortés Ahumada

    1960-04-01

    Full Text Available Marcha de frailes, de chantres, de gonfalonieros, de miembros del Consejo de los Ochenta, de canónigos, de doctores y maestros de teología, de caballeros del capitán Bargello, de trompeteros y maceros. ¡Arre, arre! Adentro: las mandolinas, los tableros de ajedrez, los cuadros excitantes, los dibujos que parecen estallar en aromas y en contactos inefables, las mujeres livianas, los bustos de los dioses paganos, de los héroes , de los filósofos, esculpidos en madera y arcilla.

  3. Apostillas sobre "Catolicismo y ciencia moderna"

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    Luz Amanda Salazar Hurtado

    1985-01-01

    Full Text Available Ha escogido el profesor Corsi Otálora un tema de gran interés a lo largo de la historia del pensamiento: "el presunto antagonismo entre religión y ciencia" y de esa manera se da origen a una sana y edificante discusión académica desde las páginas de la Revista "Ingeniería e Investigación". Ya alguien sostuvo que así como cada hombre es un mundo, cada cabeza es una filosofía. Sin embargo, las concepciones individuales se unen para aprobar o refutar a los demás. Por eso el artículo en mención tendrá partidarios y contradictores. Con el único interés de adelantarnos un poco a ellos y despejar la vía para que se expresen a los lectores, abordamos unos cuantos temas allí tratados.

  4. Diatoms from the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon: the Genera Encyonema, Encyonopsis and Gomphonema (Cymbellales: Bacillariophyceae

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    Amelia A Vouilloud

    2010-03-01

    Full Text Available Diatoms from the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon: the Genera Encyonema, Encyonopsis and Gomphonema (Cymbellales, Bacillariophyceae. The diatom flora of the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon is far less studied than the flora of the Brazilian sector of the basin. Here we present results related to the genera Encyonema, Encyonopsis and Gomphonema. Plankton and periphyton samples were collected in lotic and lentic waterbodies from the Amazonian-Andean region, the Amazon River, Japurá River and Porvenir River basins during 1993, 1994, 2001 and 2003. At each sampling station pH, temperature, water transparency and conductivity were registered. Samples were analyzed with phase contrast microscope (LM and scanning electron microscope (SEM. Ten taxa are new records for the area; Encyonema for the Peruvian and Colombian Amazon and Encyonopsis for the Colombian Sector. Encyonema neogracile var. tenuipunctatum, E. vulgare, Encyonopsis frequentis, Gomphonema augur var. sphaerophorum and G. contraturris are recorded for the first time in Colombia; Encyonema venezolanum and G. neoapiculatum in Colombia and Peru and the latter also for Amazonia. E. angustecapitatum was mentioned in Colombia before at a pond located at 3000m asl. We describe a new species from Porvenir River, Amazonas, Colombia: Encyonema amazonianum. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (1: 45-62. Epub 2010 March 01.La flora diatomológica de la Amazonia Colombiana y Peruana está mucho menos estudiada que la flora del sector brasilero. Se presentan los resultados de los géneros Encyonema, Encyonopsis y Gomphonema. Muestras de plancton y perifiton fueron colectadas en ambientes lóticos y lénticos de la región amazónica-andina, en los ríos Amazonas, Japurá y Porvenir durante 1993, 1994, 2001 y 2003. En cada estación de muestreo se realizaron mediciones de pH, temperatura, transparencia del agua y conductividad. Las muestras fueron analizadas con microscopio óptico con contraste de fases y microscopio electr

  5. Resistance to deltamethrine in two populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae from Peru

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    Julio Chávez

    2013-05-01

    Full Text Available The objective of the present work was to determine the resistance levels to deltamethrine in two populations of Aedes aegypti from Peru. Bioassays in adults were carried out following the methodology of the World Health Organization. We met resistance in the Sullana population with 70% of mortality and susceptibility in the population The Future El Porvenir with 99% of mortality.

  6. PENTECOSTALES DE ITALIA

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    Enzo Pace

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available El artículo se refiere al Pentecostalismo en Italia, centrándose en particular en Iglesias Pentecostales africanas. Como los inmigrantes africanos comenzaron a asentarse en la sociedad italiana, allí recrearon o crearon una red de comunidades carismáticas, sobre todo en la parte norte del país. Las iglesias pentecostales proporcionan apoyo espiritual, social y práctico a sus miembros con el fin de que puedan hacer frente los diversos problemas derivados de la condición del migrante en un nuevo país como Italia, monopolizado histórica y socialmente por el catolicismo. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del artículo es mostrar la relación entre el entorno socio-religioso y el impacto de las nuevas Iglesias africanas Pentecostales.

  7. Etica moderna: modelo, crisis, de-construcción

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    Sergio Calderón Prada

    1993-05-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN Resumen A partir de las cuestiones. ¿Qué supone  entonces, volver hablar de la Ética en la época de la muerte de las ideologías, después de dos o más siglos de rebelión ilustrada contra la dictadura ofrecida ya sea por iglesias de las iglesias y sus mandatos presumidamente celestiales?, ¿Es posible hablar de  moral sin porvenir histórico?, ¿Sé vera acaso reducida a una “moral provisional del mercado” toda formulación de moral sin Utopías?; se responderán respectivamente con el propósito de dilucidar las condiciones de posibilidad de una moral civilista (no sectaria y emancipadora (propiciadora de la liberación de ataduras en la vida  interior y en la práctica social , y que se proyecte sobre la conciencia y la práctica  de los individuos, capaz de generar en todo caso un estado social equilibrado, que brinde a todos los asociados posibilidades de plena realización de su propia diversidad.

  8. Lucha antivenerea, educación sexual: conferencia dictada en la Facultad de Medicina

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    Ricardo Zapata

    1934-09-01

    mancha de aceite se extienden e invaden las diferentes estratificaciones sociales me ha llevado a llamaros la atención sobre la imprescindible necesidad en que estamos de oponerles a estas dolencias una valla firme con el fin de contener su invasión y de prevenir los grandes males que están causando a la colectividad y de evitar los perjuicios que ellas representan para el porvenir de la Nación y de la raza. Hace algún tiempo tuvimos ocasión de escuchar en este salón, de labios del doctor Uribe Escobar, el alto porcentaje de sifilíticos encontrados por él en Antioquia gracias a la magnífica institución antioqueña, el Instituto profiláctico, y no menos alarmante es la estadística levantada por el doctor Uribe Piedrahita en Popayán; son éstos hechos que contristan el ánimo y estimulan a intensificar la lucha contra tan terribles flagelos.

  9. Las carreras tecnicas: su importancia para el porvenir

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    Castillo Freire, Justo

    2008-01-01

    La Nanotecnología, la Ingeniería Genética, la Neurogénetica, la Biónica, devienen en prácticas tecnológicas encargadas de mantener y mejorar las cualidades intrínsecas del ser humano. La Mecacuántica, la Electrónica, la Informática, la Inteligencia Artificial, la Robótica, crean condiciones de apoyo al desempeño de funciones corporales y cerebrales.

  10. Onde estava a periferia da arte? Circulação e recepção de cópias de pintura europeia na Amazônia no século XIX

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    Aldrin Moura de Figueiredo

    Full Text Available Resumo: Este artigo analisa a circulação e a recepção de arte sacra e religiosa na Amazônia no contexto do movimento de renovação do catolicismo brasileiro no século XIX, conhecido como romanização ou ultramontanismo. Para isso, analisa o programa iconológico levado a termo pelo bispo do Pará d. Antônio de Macedo Costa, em especial pela substituição de pinturas do século XVIII por obras do século XIX, de acordo com os novos parâmetros artísticos do catolicismo romano e do mercado global de arte. Com isso, busca rever noções fortemente ancoradas em uma concepção hierárquica da produção artística, ainda presentes em boa parte da historiografia da arte, a despeito dos debates em curso nas últimas décadas.

  11. La verdad, el liberalismo y la economía

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    María Teresa Lopera

    1993-07-01

    Full Text Available Al reflexionar a la luz de las críticas de Karl Popper al racionalismo y al empirismo, surgen naturalmente contrastes de interés para la ciencia económica como un discurso liberal con una particular relación con el asunto de la verdad del conocimiento. Este artículo explora algunas consecuencias de estos aspectos sobre el porvenir de la ciencia económica.

  12. Ceremonias, mujer y jerarquía social en el modelo religioso barroco = Ceremonies, woman and social hierarchy in the baroque religious model

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    Juan Manuel Valencia Rodríguez

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available Resumen: El imaginario o modelo religioso barroco representaba un universo mental capaz de ofrecer una concepción global del mundo y de la sociedad, de contornos bien definidos. Entre sus elementos recurrentes figuran los tres aquí estudiados: primero, la importancia concedida al ceremonial, en favor de una religiosidad externa y ritualizada que reafirmaba el papel indispensable de los sacerdotes; segundo, la visión negativa que el catolicismo emite sobre la mujer, conceptuada como un ser inferior; finalmente, la relación entre el discurso eclesiástico y el sistema jerárquico de la sociedad, al que el modelo religioso contribuye a legitimar. Tales mensajes se analizan a través de cinco obras de la época.Abstract: The imaginary or Baroque religious model represented a mental universe capable to offer a global conception of the world and the society with well-defined outlines. Among its recurrent elements are the three treated here; first: the importance given to the ceremonial in favour of an external and ritualized religiosity that reaffirmed the essential role of priests; second: the negative view of Catholicism about the woman, seen as a lower human being; finally, the relationship between the ecclesiastical speech and the hierarchical system of the society, that the religious model contributes to legitimize. Such messages are analyzed through five works of the period.

  13. Nuevas dimensiones de lo religioso: sobre la construcción de identidades en cristianos gays evangélicos de Argentina

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    Carlos Alberto Leal Reyes

    2011-10-01

    Full Text Available El pluralismo en América Latina ha permitido en años recientes la aparición de manifestaciones religiosas complejas y multilaterales que se expresan más allá de la lógica del catolicismo tradicional. Estas opciones operan a través de mecanismos simbólicos provisionales, híbridos y flexibles, subjetivados mediante éticas polivalentes vinculadas a la participación de nuevos actores sociales, quienes mediante espacios hermenéuticos diversos construyen una discursividad política vinculada a la comprensión de Dios a mediante sistemas teológicos abiertos. Tal es el caso de la agrupación religiosa conocida como CEGLA (Cristianos Evangélicos Gays y Lesbianas de Argentina, que constituye una manifestación de formas de socialización religiosa expresadas más allá de las instituciones católicas.

  14. El problema del entrenamiento de internado para estudiantes de psicología profesional en la américa latina

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    Núñez, Rafael

    2012-01-01

    Ponencia para el Primer Congreso de Estudiantes de Psicología Profesional en Latinoamérica.Elegí este tópico para discutirlo ante este grupo interesado en el porvenir de la psicología en la América Latina, con la esperanza de que sea motivo de posteriores reuniones para tratar de solucionar en forma adecuada el problema del entrenamiento clínico para los estudiantes de psicología en la América Latina.

  15. El "sueño latinoamericano": la esperanza en el futuro

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    Francisco Javier Caballero Harriet

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available En sintonía con el autor J. Rifkin, el autor considera que el "sueño norteamericano" está periclitado. Por el contrario está en desacuerdo con ese mismo autor en la consideración de que en el futuro será el "sueño europeo". El autor considera que en el horizonte se atisban indicios que posibilitan afirmar que el porvenir será latinoamericano. La implementación del orden feudal, frente al cosmos abierto de la reforma protestante, realizada por la colonización española, así como la inexistencia de una clase social burguesa en el momento de la independencia y construcción de los nuevos estados latinoamericanos y la aparición del fenómeno de la emergencia (el regreso a/de las culturas como contraposición a la pretensión de universalización y unificación de la globalización neoliberal constituyen claves a partir de las cuales el autor sostiene la esperanza latinoamericana.

  16. Claudio Katz Claudio Katz

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    2010-10-01

    Full Text Available Claudio Katz nació en Argentina, en 1954. Es economista, integrante del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de la República Argentina, profesor en la Universidad de Buenos Aires y director de varios proyectos de investigación. Es autor de numerosos textos de interpretación del capitalismo contemporáneo y de la crisis económica global. Participa activamente en los foros continentales de impugnación del libre-comercio, el endeudamiento externo y la militarización. Como integrante del EDI (Economistas de Izquierda ha publicado varios estudios sobre la coyuntura política y social de la Argentina y de América Latina. Entre sus publicaciones, se destacan sus libros El porvenir del socialismo (2004 y Las disyuntivas de la izquierda en América Latina (primera edición, 2008, que recibieron menciones honoríficas del Premio Libertador al Pensamiento Crítico, además de 'El rediseño de América Latina. Alca, Mercosur y Alba' (2006 y 'La economía marxista, hoy. Seis debates teóricos' (2009. En esta entrevista, concedida a la revista Trabalho, Educação e Saúde en junio de 2010, Katz expone algunas reflexiones sobre la realidad latinoamericana contemporánea, destacando la crítica al llamado 'nuevo desarrollismo', la perspectiva socialista del concepto de democracia y la vigencia del marxismo latinoamericano.Claudio Katz was born in Argentina in 1954. He is an economist, a member of the National Council for Science and Technology of Argentina, a professor at the University of Buenos Aires, and the director of several research projects. Katz is the author of numerous interpretation texts of contemporary capitalism and about the global economic crisis. He participates actively in continental forums on free trade disputes, external debt, and militarization. As a member of the of EDI (Leftist Economists, he has published several studies on the political and social situation of both Argentina and of Latin America. Among his publications

  17. Teoría freudiana sobre la cultura: la gran fechoría, lo ambiguo, y la fraternidad // Freudian theory on culture .the great misdeed the ambiguous, and fraternity

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Klein

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo es una contribución teórica en la cual se intenta clarificar, analizar y desarrollar algunas ideas de Sigmund Freud en torno a la cultura y lo social. Se toman preferentemente tres textos: "Tótem y Tabú", "El porvenir de una ilusión" y el "Malestar en la Cultura". Se establece un análisis de cada uno de los textos, para a continuación sugerir algunas líneas de análisis social en torno a lo paterno, la fratría de hermanos, la perspectiva de género y la relación que se establece entre el individuo y la sociedad. Es necesario indicar que la obra freudiana no es simple ni lineal, sino que predomina en la misma lo ambiguo y lo complejo, articulando conceptos e ideas originales // This paper is a theoretical contribution which seeks to clarify, analyze and develop some Sigmund Freud's ideas about culture and the social processes. The paper preferably uses three Freudian texts: "Totem and Taboo", "The Future of an Illusion" and "Civilization and Its Discontents". An analysis of each one of them is provided, and then some lines of social analysis about the paternal issue, the phratry, the gender perspective, and the relationship established between the individual and society are suggested. It is necessary to indicate that Freud's work is neither simple nor lineal, but the ambiguous and complex predominates in it, articulating original concepts and ideas.

  18. Historia de la cultura escrita ideas para el debate

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Castillo Gómez

    2012-02-01

    Full Text Available Ante el desarrollo alcanzado en los últimos decenios por los estudios sobre la cultura escrita, el presente artículo ofrece una recapitulación de las principales trayectorias seguidas hasta la fecha junto a una serie de reflexiones con vistas al porvenir de dicho campo de investigación. En la primera parte se examinan las dos principales corrientes que han dado lugar a la historia de la cultura escrita: la historia social de la escritura, muy ligada a la mirada renovadora de ciertos paleógrafos encabezados por el italiano Armando Petrucci; y la historia del libro y de la lectura, con mayor arraigo en el mundo anglosajón, Francia o Alemania. En la segunda se entra de lleno en la definición de la historia de la cultura escrita como una forma específica de historia cultural cuyo objetivo debe estar en la interpretación de las prácticas sociales del escribir y del leer. En tal sentido se considera imprescindible que la historia de la cultura escrita se plantee como historia social y que otorgue una especial relevancia al análisis de las formas materiales de lo escrito, tanto por lo que indican respecto a los diferentes grados de competencia gráfica como por lo que sugieren en relación a las modalidades de apropiación de lo escrito.

  19. Las fábricas de software en España: organización y división del trabajo. El trabajo fluido en la sociedad de la información Software factories in Spain: organisation and division of labour. A comparative view of fluid work in contemporary societies

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan José Castillo

    2009-05-01

    Full Text Available Este texto aporta una reflexión teórica, fundada en una investigación y discusión de la literatura internacional, sobre el porvenir y la evolución del trabajo y sus transformaciones. Con él se aporta una fundamentación concreta y empírica a los recurrentes debates sobre la llamada 'sociedad de la información', tomando como base el trabajador colectivo de la producción de software. Trabajador que se utiliza reiteradamente como muestra de un porvenir dorado de las sociedades centrales que se extenderá, por la deslocalización, a las sociedades 'emergentes' o en desarrollo. Donde el trabajo inmaterial deparará un futuro lleno de esperanzas. En contraposición con esa visión idealizada, y siguiendo una línea de trabajo ya mostrada en anteriores estudios, las tendencias puestas en evidencia, en el despliegue de las fábricas de software en España, son muy semejantes a las que se detectan en la realidad internacional. Una de las preocupaciones fundamentales de la investigación ha sido el acercarse a lo que realmente sucede. A cómo se desarrollan las nuevas organizaciones productivas en la fabricación de software, para así poder identificar las grandes líneas de tendencia, el destino, del presente y del futuroque espera a los trabajadores del sector del software. Unos trabajadores y trabajadoras que resultan ser emblemática representación de cuanto se discute actualmente sobre el porvenir del trabajo en la sociedad de la información. Lo ponemos en evidencia es que la tendencia a separar concepción de ejecución, con una reiteración renovada de la división del trabajo entre empresas, o entre centros de trabajo de la misma empresa, es una marca fuerte de los desarrollos en curso. La parte más 'noble', la toma de requisitos, el análisis, el contacto directo con el cliente final queda en un lado. En el otro, en las factorías, tendencialmente, acaba llevándose a cabo el "desarrollo puro y duro". El núcleo fundamental de

  20. Liberalismo, democracia y catolicismo en Argentina. La reforma constitucional de 1921 y las identidades políticas. Santa Fe 1920-1923

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diego A. Mauro

    2008-11-01

    Full Text Available El presente trabajo reconstruye el proceso de reforma de la Constitución de la Provincia de Santa Fe entre 1920 y 1923 y su impacto sobre el sistema político y la opinión pública. El grado de movilización social de los militantes católicos y liberales en las calles de Santa Fe y Rosario, así como la alta densidad de conflictos, acuerdos y rupturas entre los partidos y sus inestables facciones en el seno de la Constituyente hicieron de la coyuntura un potente matrizador de las identidades políticas. El artículo intenta paralelamente acercarse de manera aproximatoria a algunos de los modos en que la política filtró las identidades de los sectores populares y alimentó los imaginarios sociales críticos sobre la democracia liberal.

  1. Modernidades y destiempos latinoamericanos

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    Jesús Martín Barbero

    1998-04-01

    Full Text Available “La idea del paso lineal de las tradiciones a la modernidad es sustituida por la afirmación de que la modernidad se define por la diversidad y multiplicación de las alternativas, la capacidad de asociar pasado y porvenir. Hay un cambio total de perspectiva: se consideraba que el mundo moderno estaba unificado mientras la sociedad tradicional estaba fragmentada; hoy por el contrario la modernización parece llevarnos de lo homogéneo a lo heterogéneo”.Alain Touraine

  2. Los átomos marcados

    OpenAIRE

    Pi Suñer, Augusto

    2012-01-01

    Ahora se ha hecho posible identificar los átomos y seguirlos en su camino a lo largo del recambio. Tenemos manera de distinguir unos átomos de otros entre los que constituyen una molécula, átomos "marcados", cuya suerte podremos conocer en cada uno de los momentos de las operaciones nutritivas. Por la importancia y porque auguramos gran porvenir al procedimiento de reconocer individualmente unos átomos, nos parece útil exponer los antecedentes del método y detenernos brevemente en la explicac...

  3. La Institución Teresiana durante la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera. Una aproximación a su proyección educativa, social y pública

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rosique Navarro, Francisca

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available Despite its influence the Teresian Institute, founded by the priest Pedro Poveda in 1911, was little studied during the 1920s, not only educationally but also within its cultural and public scope. This group of catholic women –highlighting María de Echarri, Carmen Cuesta and Josefa Segovia– stand out by constituting a nucleus of women who were prepared and committed to re-Christian Spanish society at the time in the midst of a strong catholic-secular confrontation. A large number of them had obtained their degrees in the official Teachers’ Training College and carried out their professions as teachers in ordinary schools and as inspectors. Their collaboration with the rising Catholic Action for Women, their participation in the first National Congress of Catholic Education together with their own activities, show the significance of these catholic women in the social and political life but especially within the educational field in Spain during those years.

    Un grupo poco estudiado en los años 20 del pasado siglo a pesar de su influencia no solo en el ámbito educativo sino también en el cultural y público, es la Institución Teresiana, fundada por el sacerdote Pedro Poveda en 1911. Este grupo de mujeres católicas –entre las que destacan María de Echarri, Carmen Cuesta y Josefa Segovia–, destacan por constituir un núcleo de mujeres preparadas y empeñadas en recristianizar la sociedad española de estos años en medio de la dura confrontación catolicismo-laicismo. Buena parte de ellas habían obtenido sus títulos en la Escuela Superior de Magisterio y ejercían su profesión como profesoras de escuelas normales e inspectoras. La colaboración con la naciente Acción Católica de la Mujer, la participación en el Primer Congreso Nacional de Educación Católica así como sus propias actividades, dan cuenta de la significatividad de estas mujeres católicas en la vida social, política y sobre todo educativa de la Espa

  4. Provenance and family variation of Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis from Guatemala and Honduras, grown in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela Variação em procedências e famílias de Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis da Guatemala e Honduras, testadas no Brasil, Colômbia e Venezuela

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Vicente Pongitory Gifoni Moura

    2001-02-01

    Full Text Available Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis (Sénécl Barr. & Golf. is a tropical pine that naturally occurs in lowland areas of Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and eastern Mexico. It has been one of the most studied tropical pines and the one with the most commercial importance in Brazil. The objective of this work was to select the best provenances for plantations and best trees in families for the establishment of seed orchards. For that a trial with five provenances and 47 open-pollinated families was planted near Planaltina, Federal District, in the Cerrado Region of Brazil. The provenances tested were Poptun (Guatemala, Gualjoco, Los Limones, El Porvenir and Santa Cruz de Yojoa (Honduras and assessed at 12 years of age. Poptun and Gualjoco had larger volume, and Los Limones and El Porvenir the lowest incidence of forks and foxtails. Individual tree heritabilities for volume, stem form and branch diameter were 0.34, 0.06, and 0.26 respectively. More than 90% of the trees had defects, common in unimproved P. caribaea. Selection criteria for quality traits need to be relaxed in the first generation of breeding to allow for larger genetic gains in productivity. Results from this test compared with P. caribaea var. hondurensis trials in other Brazilian, Colombian and Venezuelan sites suggest that provenance x site and family x site interactions are not as strong as in other pine species.Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis (Sénécl Barr. & Golf. é uma espécie tropical que ocorre naturalmente nas terras baixas de Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicarágua e no leste do México. Esta espécie tem sido uma das mais estudadas entre os pinos tropicais e uma das mais importantes comercialmente no centro e norte do Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar as melhores procedências para plantios e também as melhores árvores dentro de famílias para o estabelecimento de pomares de semente. Para isso, um experimento com cinco

  5. How Our Lady of Guadalupe Became Lutheran: Latin American Migration and Religious Change

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luisa Feline Freier

    2009-01-01

    en Madison, Wisconsin, para incorporar la cultura católica latina. Exigiendo la incorporación del catolicismo popular, inmigrantes latinoamericanos en Madison determinan la redefinición del significado de la categoría luterano bajo el liderazgo de su pastor. Aunque la iglesia católica romana rechaza estos procesos, la elca los acepta por su interés institucional en el reclutamiento de los feligreses inmigrantes latinoamericanos.

  6. Domestic violence as a threat to maternal and child well-being in an urban migrant community in Peru

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Brieanne K. Kohrt

    Full Text Available OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact that domestic violence (DV has on hindering the success of urban migrants in Peru and any association with maternal depression, impaired parenting, social capital, and child development. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study consisting of structured interviews with 97 mothers and their school-aged children in El Porvenir, a predominantly migrant area of the city of Trujillo, Peru. Data collection occurred in February-June 2011. Proven tools previously validated for use in Spanish were used to assess the following variables: maternal depression, social capital, domestic violence, parenting behaviors, child socioemotional development, and child cognitive development. Correlational, multiple regression, tests of interaction, and indirect/mediator models were used for analysis. RESULTS: Sixty-five percent of women reported currently experiencing DV. DV strongly predicted depression (P < 0.001. Women who reported DV were less likely to be employed (P < 0.05, had lower cognitive social capital (P < 0.01, engaged in fewer caregiving activities (P < 0.05, had less maternal energy (P < 0.05, and were less warm (P < 0.05. DV was associated with internalizing behaviors in children (P < 0.01, with impaired parenting partially mediating this relationship. CONCLUSIONS: DV compromises women's mental health and parenting ability. High rates of DV among urban migrants affect the whole community by hindering employment potential and reducing trust among community members. Interventions targeting DV-related variables (e.g., substance abuse and limited job opportunities for men could reduce the deleterious effects of DV on urban migrant communities across Latin America.

  7. El catolicismo español en la Guerra Civil

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    Jose Manuel CUENCA TORIBIO

    2015-03-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo glosa las publicaciones aparecidas en los últimos siete años sobre el tema de referencia. Se detiene en particular en la edición delinmenso epistolario del cardenal Gomá, sin el cual será imposible escribir nada serio al respecto. El capítulo Guerra Civil se enmarca por lo demás en la trayectoria de la Iglesia española en el siglo precedente. El autor destaca, por razones objetivas pero también coyunturales, el tema de los martirologios que sitúa en coordenadas más bien españolas, sin olvidar comparaciones internacionales.

  8. La movilización de objetos culturales desde las memorias de la práctica de la construcción del purradé: Elementos para otra discusión en educación (matemática indígena

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carolina Higuita

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo es resultado de una inves tigación intitulada “La movilización de objetos culturales desde las memorias de la práctica de construcción de la vivienda tradicional Embera Chamí: posibilidades para pensar el (porvenir de la educación (matemática indígena”. Son dos los propósitos de este artículo: en primer lugar, presentar nuestras comprensiones sobre la noción de objetos culturales , n oción que posibilita miradas otras sobre la Etnomatemática y la Educación Matemática; y, en segundo lugar, mostrar la movilización del objeto cultural medida y sus posibilidades para pensar el (porvenir de la educación (matemática indígena. Esta m ovilización fue originada desde las memorias de la práctica de construcción del purradé en la comunidad Embera Chamí. El horizonte teórico de este estudio est uvo bajo una perspectiva histórico - cultural de la educación matemática y de manera especial en la Etnomatemática. El camino metodológico abordado en esta investigación fue la historia oral. Desde este horizonte teórico y desde el camino seguido, podemos af irmar que los objetos culturales se convierten en una noción que nos posibilita transgredir paradigmas hegemónicos establecidos en el campo de la Educación Matemática. Una posibilidad esperanzadora para pensar la educación indígena.

  9. 文学を通して見るラテンアメリカの女性-『精霊たちの家』の登場人物から-

    OpenAIRE

    山蔭, 昭子; Akiko, YAMAKAGE

    2001-01-01

    En la sociedad latinoamericana, desde hace mucho tiempo, los factores que definen el orden convencional entre los dos sexos serian principalmente el machismo y el marianismo, el sistema patriarcal de la familia, y el catolicismo. El machismo, sobre todo, se unio con la dictadura ya ha reprimido a las mujeres en la historia. Como vivieron y viven las mujeres latinoamericanas bajo esas condiciones? En este trabajo, quisiera a partir del analisis literario identificar la "manera de ser de las mu...

  10. Empobrecimiento, nuevos pobres y viejos pobres. Un palimpsesto de inscripciones borrosas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alejandro Klein

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available En este trabajo se busca plantear una reflexión sobre el estado de la pobreza y los procesos de empobrecimiento en América Latina. Parte de datos empíricos como aproximación, pero se centra especialmente en una perspectiva cualitativa que intenta estudiar cómo se van consolidando las figuras e imágenes del pobre y la pobreza en la región desde la gestión neoliberal (y brevemente comentando el llamado\t“posneoliberalismo”, tomando especialmente tres ejes de análisis: la discusión sobre la constitución del Estado de bienestar en Latinoamérica y la consolidación (y posterior destitución neoliberal del porvenir y la promesa como ejes del mismo, relacionado con el desarrollo de las figuras de ciudadanía; la legitimación (y posterior deslegitimación de la figura del obrero como modelo de la pobreza “digna”, referida al modelo de movilidad social en términos de reversibilidad centro-periferia; y la progresiva aparición en el escenario de la clase media empobrecida, situación que aporta elementos inéditos al estado de la cuestión.

  11. Social opdrift - social arv

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ejrnæs, Morten; Gabrielsen, G.; Nørrung, Per

    "Social opdrift - social arv" stiller på flere måder spørgsmål ved begrebet social arv. Bogen konkluderer blandt andet, at langt de fleste børn, der opvokser i en socialt belastet familie, bliver velfungerende voksne. Professionelle, der møder socialt belastede familier, har derfor et stort ansvar....... Naturligvis skal der tages hånd om udsatte børn, men det kræver samtidig stor opmærksomhed at sørge for, at fokuseringen på den sociale arv ikke tager overhånd, så det bliver en selvopfyldende profeti."Social opdrift - social" arv viser, hvordan forskningsresultater er blevet fremlagt på en måde, som har...... medvirket til at skabe en skæv opfattelse af, at forældrenes problemer er hovedårsag til børns sociale problemer. I selvstændige analyser vises, hvordan data, der normalt bruges som "bevis" for den sociale arvs betydning, tydeligt illustrerer, at det er en undtagelse, at børn får sociale problemer af samme...

  12. Masonería y Sociabilidad en el centro y sur de la campaña bonaerense: Fines del siglo XIX principios del XX

    OpenAIRE

    Yolanda de Paz Trueba

    2011-01-01

    El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar en torno a la relación establecida entre la sociabilidad política derivada de la influencia masónica y otras formas de sociabilidad previas ligadas al catolicismo, en el marco de la construcción del Estado en sus diversos niveles a fines del siglo XIX. Este abordaje será realizado a través del análisis de pueblos de la campaña bonaerense, espacios no estudiados en este sentido hasta el momento.

  13. ¿Jóvenes sin religión?

    OpenAIRE

    Martínez Cortés, Javier

    2002-01-01

    Not available

    Se busca una aproximación a la religiosidad juvenil en el marco de situaciones socio-culturales más estables. La secularización implica una pérdida del monopolio religioso por parte de la Iglesia y serias dificultades para la socialización religiosa de las generaciones jóvenes. Los estudios muestran un núcleo (que disminuye en cantidad) de catolicismo practicante y una tendencia hacia la des-institucionalización en amplios grupos: formas privadas de de-constru...

  14. Las caras diversas de las guerras civiles en el Bolívar Grande (Colombia, siglo XIX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jairo Álvarez Jiménez

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available El artículo analiza tres historias de vida para comprender los efectos que tuvieron las guerras civiles en el antiguo departamento de Bolívar. Por un lado, intenta superar la visión tradicional que ha hecho carrera y que presenta a la Costa como una región alejada de los conflictos nacionales del siglo XIX; y, por el otro, se muestran las distintas intenciones que escondía la entrada de los rostros diversos que participaban de las guerras. De esta manera, acudiendo a las experiencias del hacendado Manuel Burgos, del obispo Pedro María Revollo y del negro Joaquín Mercado Robles, se estudian varias de las motivaciones individuales y colectivas que se movieron entre los hombres de la región al ingresar en los escenarios de conflicto: el afán de mantener o fortalecer el poderío económico, la intención de defender y propagar el discurso político-religioso del catolicismo y la lucha por romper las estructuras raciales para alcanzar ascenso social y poder político.

  15. Developmental Pathways for Social Understanding: Linking Social Cognition to Social Contexts

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kimberly eBrink

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Contemporary research, often with looking-time tasks, reveals that infants possess foundational understandings of their social worlds. However, few studies have examined how these early social cognitions relate to the child’s social interactions and behavior in early development. Does an early understanding of the social world relate to how an infant interacts with his or her parents? Do early social interactions along with social-cognitive understandings in infancy predict later preschool social competencies? In the current paper, we propose a theory in which children’s later social behaviors and their understanding of the social world depend on the integration of early social understanding and experiences in infancy. We review several of our studies, as well as other research, that directly examine the pathways between these competencies to support a hypothesized network of relations between social-cognitive development and social-interactive behaviors in the development from infancy to childhood. In total, these findings reveal differences in infant social competences that both track the developmental trajectory of infants’ understanding of people over the first years of life and provide external validation for the large body of social-cognitive findings emerging from laboratory looking-time paradigms.

  16. Thinking Socially: Teaching Social Knowledge to Foster Social Behavioral Change

    Science.gov (United States)

    Crooke, Pamela J.; Winner, Michelle Garcia; Olswang, Lesley B.

    2016-01-01

    This article addresses the complexity of what it means to "be social" from the perspective of social thinking. This perspective recognizes social cognitive processing abilities as the foundation for social knowledge and, in turn, social behaviors. The article further describes variables that influence how one understands how to do what…

  17. Mulher, mãe e esposa: conservadorismo católico e representações do feminino na imprensa católica mineira

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Diego Omar da Silveira

    Full Text Available Resumo Parece consensual que a renovação que tanto os movimentos feministas quanto os estudos de gênero proporcionaram, a partir dos anos 1960, implicou uma nova forma de escrever a história das mulheres no Ocidente, o que também se aplica, obviamente, ao Brasil. O impacto dessa renovação no seio do catolicismo continua, entretanto, uma questão em aberto, que ainda exige estudos aprofundados e uma reavaliação dos papéis – passados e presentes – de homens e mulheres no interior da Igreja. Algumas importantes pesquisas têm destacado que, diante de processos geradores de profundas transformações, a Instituição reagiu, muitas vezes, com a reafirmação de valores que, embora soassem arcaicos, eram afirmados como constitutivos da essência do catolicismo e, por isso, vistos como estáticos e imutáveis. Este artigo apresenta uma análise de um dos casos dessa reação, ao acompanhar os discursos sobre a mulher nas páginas do jornal O Arquidiocesano, Órgão Oficial da Arquidiocese de Mariana (Minas Gerais, que circulou semanalmente entre os anos de 1959 e 1988 e que, quase sempre com uma abordagem conservadora do tema, reafirmava determinados lugares sociais à mulher, com destaque para os papéis de mãe e de esposa.

  18. Evangelização que comunica e Comunicação que evangeliza: Comunidade Canção Nova, um novo jeito de ser igreja a partir do entrecruzamento evangelização-comunicação

    OpenAIRE

    Nivia Ivette Núñez de la Paz

    2008-01-01

    A tese tem como objetivo principal demonstrar, a partir de argumentos que emergem do entrecruzamento Evangelização-Comunicação, que a Comunidade Canção Nova representa um Novo Jeito de ser Igreja dentro do catolicismo romano. Os argumentos que denotam, balizam e sustentam tal afirmação são: os novos jeitos de comunidades, os novos jeitos de famílias e os novos jeitos de identidades que convivem nesse fenômeno religioso-carismático-midiático. Esses argumentos afloraram na pesquisa do cotidiano...

  19. Masonería y Sociabilidad en el centro y sur de la campaña bonaerense: Fines del siglo XIX principios del XX

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yolanda de Paz Trueba

    2011-12-01

    Full Text Available El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar en torno a la relación establecida entre la sociabilidad política derivada de la influencia masónica y otras formas de sociabilidad previas ligadas al catolicismo, en el marco de la construcción del Estado en sus diversos niveles a fines del siglo XIX. Este abordaje será realizado a través del análisis de pueblos de la campaña bonaerense, espacios no estudiados en este sentido hasta el momento.

  20. De soldado de cristo a Promotor de direitos humanos: história, religião e cultura na Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais (1950–2004.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cicero Nunes Moreira

    2013-09-01

    Full Text Available MOREIRA, Cícero. N. De soldado de cristo a Promotor de direitos humanos: história, religião e cultura na Polícia Militar de Minas Gerais (1950–2004. Dissertação (Mestrado 2013. 152f - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Religião, Belo Horizonte. Palavras-chaves: Polícia Militar. Identidade. Catolicismo. Devoções. Capelania Militar, Protestantismo. Evangélicos. Direitos Humanos.

  1. LA LITERATURA SOBRE LAS NUEVAS RELIGIOSIDADES EN LAS CLASES MEDIAS URBANAS. UNA MIRADA DESDE ARGENTINA

    OpenAIRE

    Nicolás Viotti

    2011-01-01

    Este trabajo se propone hacer un recorrido por la literatura sobre las nuevas religiosidades en elámbito urbano de los sectores medios argentinos que encarnan idealmente el catolicismo de tipocarismático y la llamada Nueva Era. Esta indagación detalla dos movimientos de análisis sobrecómo religiosidad y clase media se vinculan. En primer lugar describe los trabajos que, centradosen prácticas y experiencias religiosas específicas, remiten a la clase media como una característicagenérica de los...

  2. COINCIDENCIAS Y DISIDENCIAS DE LOS TRADICIONALISTAS CATÓLICOS ARGENTINOS EN TORNO A LA GUERRA DE MALVINAS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Facundo Cersosimo

    2012-06-01

    Full Text Available El 2 de abril de 1982 las autoridades de la dictadura militar argentina decidieron recuperar las islas del Atlántico Sur en poder de Inglaterra. La Guerra de Malvinas, como se denominó el enfrentamiento armado, produjo al interior del catolicismo argentino pronunciamientos disímiles que tensionaron el campo católico. En el presente artículo analizaremos las posturas de los grupos que denomino tradicionalistas católicos, tratando de reflejar sus diferencias internas como las mantenidas con las autoridades de la Iglesia Católica argentina.

  3. Esquizofrenia, habilidades sociales y funcionamiento social

    OpenAIRE

    Cuevas Yust, Carlos

    2003-01-01

    Estudio acerca de las influencia que las habilidades sociales ejercen en el funcionamiento social del paciente. Se confirmó que las habilidades sociales ejercen en una forma derteminante el funcionamiento social. Las habilidades sociales definidas en térm

  4. Social mechanisms and social causation

    OpenAIRE

    Friedel Weinert

    2014-01-01

    The aim of this paper is to examine the notion of social mechanisms by comparison with the notions of evolutionary and physical mechanisms. It is argued that social mechanisms are based on trends, and not lawlike regularities, so that social mechanisms are different from mechanisms in the natural sciences. Taking as an example of social causation the abolition of the slave trade, this paper argues that social mechanisms should be incorporated in Weber’s wider ...

  5. Social Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Lundgaard Andersen, Linda

    2015-01-01

    In social entrepreneurship, social innovation and human economy coexist with democratic governance and volunteerism in the development of new initiatives and responses to wicked welfare problems. Volunteerism in social entrepreneurship takes up a prominent position, leading to the birth of new...... organisational hybrid formats: social enterprises. Drawing upon a single case study of ‘the Bridge’, a typical Danish work integration social enterprise (WISE), it is shown how social enterprises act as ‘strong learning arenas’, opting for a number of high-profile and ‘popular’ objectives: to train and empower...... marginal citizens, to create sustainable enterprises in a new economy, to strengthen the local community, to renew welfare services and labour strategies, and to develop social enterprise and business models. Adding to these objectives we can include democracy and participation, and positioning...

  6. Social entrepreneurship and social networks

    OpenAIRE

    Dufays, Frédéric

    2013-01-01

    In this presentation, we argue that the sociology of social networks may provide interesting insights with regard to the emergence of social entrepreneurship both at micro and macro levels. There have already been several calls for research on social networks in the context of social entrepreneurship (Certo & Miller 2008; Gedajlovic, et al. 2013; Haugh 2007; Mair & Marti 2006; Short, et al. 2009). These calls often address the differences in structure and effects of social networks in a socia...

  7. Social economy and social enterprise

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hulgård, Lars

    2011-01-01

    practice will be put under increasing pressure. There is a difference between a social economy approach to the third sector and an approach based upon the notion of a non-profit constraint. Social economy is well positioned as a third sector to play a core role in meeting this urgency. But how does...... the social economy fit with current strategies in the areas of welfare policies and social service? Is it as a certain type of social entrepreneurship an integral part of a social innovation of the mainstream market economy or is it part of an emerging counter discourse in the sense of a participatory non...

  8. Social Entrepreneurship and Mobilisation of Social Capital in European Social Enterprise - (Korean translation)

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hulgård, Lars; Spear, Roger

    2011-01-01

    Korean translation of ”Social Entrepreneurship and Mobilisation of Social Capital in European Social Enterprise”, with Roger Spear. In Marthe Nyssens (ed.) Social Enterprises: between Market, Public Policies and Community. London: Routledge.......Korean translation of ”Social Entrepreneurship and Mobilisation of Social Capital in European Social Enterprise”, with Roger Spear. In Marthe Nyssens (ed.) Social Enterprises: between Market, Public Policies and Community. London: Routledge....

  9. Literatura e catolicismo na França (1880-1914: contribuição a uma sociohistória da crença

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hervé Serry

    2004-06-01

    Full Text Available O artigo delineia a história da emergência do "escritor católico" como uma nova figura intelectual na França pós-Revolução de 1789, desde o surgimento do Génie du christianisme de Chateaubriand, passando pelo papel do abade Félicité de Lammenais, pelo do jornalista Louis Veuillot, pelos "neo-cristãos" dos anos de 1880 e 1890, até as primeiras manifestações do "renascimento literário católico" da década de 1910. Essa "renovação católica" teve de lidar com desafios propriamente literários, suscitados pela dinâmica orientada pelas regras da arte, ao lado de disputas doutrinárias no interior de uma Igreja com poder temporal declinante, confrontada com a emancipação dos leigos. O desvendamento desse processo histórico contribui para uma história social da crença no poder da arte e para uma reflexão acerca dos motivos intelectuais da crença na Igreja como instituição.The article outlines the historical rise of the "Catholic writer" as a new intellectual creature in France after the 1789 revolution, from appearence of Génie du Christianisme by Chateaubriand, though the roles performed by the abbot Félicité de Lammenais, by the journalist Louis Veuillot, or even by the "neo-Christians" of 1880-1890, until the first signs of a "Catholic literary renaissance" during the decade of 1910. This "Catholic" renewal had to cope with literary challenges, so to speak, raised by the dynamics oriented by the rules of art, besides other doctrinal disputes inside a Church whose temporal power was declining, as well as confronted with the lay emancipa-tion. The knowledge of that historical process contributes to a social history of belief in the power of art and also for an understanding about the intellectual founda-tions of belief in the Church as institution.

  10. [Social medicine and social engineering].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Qvarsell, R

    1995-01-01

    In a rather complicated process starting at the middle of the 19th century and ending hundred years later social medicine was established as a science. Different theories on the social origin of the diseases and even different perspectives on the role of medicine in society did influence and shape the new discipline. The tradition from Rudolf Virchow and Alfred Grotjahn emphasizing the importance of the social causes of the diseases and the tradition from social hygiene with its stress on the hereditarian background of many diseases was mixed together in the early history of social medicine. Many of those trying to establish the new discipline thought that it could be used in order to prevent the spreading of diseases in society and also hinder the development of social maladjustments of different kinds, as for instance criminality and vagrancy. The political framework of social medicine was very much related to what in the Swedish debate later on was to be called social engineering. Both within the tradition of social liberalism and the social democratic party the ideals of a rational society governed by experts was very influential in the period between the two world wars. Some of the advocates for social medicine did even try to formulate a political programme with the new science as a base. The most influential of those was the forensic pspychiatrist Olof Kinberg (1873-1960). In a series of books and articles during the first half of the 19th century Kinberg developed a theory of a society governed by doctors educated within this new branch of science. He thought that almost every kind of social problem could be handled by these experts. Social maladjustment, criminality and even car accidents could be reduced to a minimum if only the new knowledge of the biological and medical causes of human behavior was allowed to influence the social and political organization of the society. Especially during the 1930s some politicians and also social scientists thought

  11. Social cognition in schizophrenia: from social stimuli processing to social engagement

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pablo eBilleke

    2013-02-01

    Full Text Available Social cognition consists of several skills which allow us to interact with other humans. These skills include social stimuli processing, drawing inferences about others' mental states, and engaging in social interactions. In recent years, there has been growing evidence of social cognitive impairments in patients with schizophrenia. Apparently, these impairments are separable from general neurocognitive impairments, such as attention, memory and executive functioning. Moreover, social cognition seems to be a main determinant of functional outcome and could be used as a guide to elaborate new pharmacological and psychological treatments. However, most of these studies focus on individual mechanisms and observational perspectives; only few of them study schizophrenic patients during interactive situations. We first review evidences of social cognitive impairments both in social stimuli processing and in mental state attribution. We focus on the relationship between these functions and both general cognitive impairments and functional outcome. We next review recent game theory approaches to the study of how social engagement occurs in schizophrenic patients. The advantage of using game theory is that game-oriented tasks can assess social decision-making in an interactive everyday situation model. Finally, we review proposed theoretical models used to explain social alterations and their underlying biological mechanisms. Based on interactive studies, we propose a framework which takes into account the dynamic nature of social processes. Thus, understanding social skills as a result of dynamical systems could facilitate the development of both basic research and clinical applications oriented to psychiatric populations.

  12. Social Entrepreneurship and Social Entreprises

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Migrant women stepping into ethnic catering; homeless men employed to take care of bees producing honey for sale; young people on the edge getting microcredit funding to start social businesses; or former criminals joining forces to create social and economic structures for an honest lifestyle....... These initiatives capture the transformative power of social enterprise and might indicate how social enterprises have the potential to make a difference for people and societies. The Nordic countries represent an interesting case. Social enterprises and co-operatives played a significant part in paving the way...

  13. Exclusão social e responsabilidade social empresarial Exclusión social y responsabilidad social empresarial Social exclusion and social responsibility in business

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marley Rosana Melo de Araújo

    2006-08-01

    Full Text Available Responsabilidade social empresarial é um dos novos fenômenos de mercado precipitados pela globalização da economia. Ao longo dos ciclos históricos, tivemos a empresa orientada sucessivamente para o produto, para o mercado e para o cliente. Agora assistimos a empresa orientada para o social. Ações corporativas em responsabilidade social são fruto de um momento histórico e atendem às necessidades mercadológicas do sistema capitalista de produção. Embora possam existir exceções, responsabilidade social, em geral, comparece como uma maneira de converter obstáculos sociais em oportunidade de negócios, usada como estratégia de marketing visando singularização no mercado e incremento de consumo. Faz-se necessário entender o contexto de seu advento na realidade brasileira. Apresentamos um quadro de macrovariáveis históricas, políticas e econômicas que contribuíram para o surgimento do fenômeno "Responsabilidade Social Empresarial" no mercado brasileiro, de forma a possibilitar uma visão crítica e contextualizada sobre o assunto.Responsabilidad social empresarial es uno de los nuevos fenómenos de mercado precipitados por la globalización de la economía. A lo largo de los ciclos históricos, tuvimos la empresa orientada sucesivamente para el producto, para el mercado y para el cliente. Ahora vemos la empresa orientada hacia lo social. Acciones corporativas en responsabilidad social son fruto de un momento histórico y atienden a las necesidades de mercado del sistema capitalista de producción. Aunque pueda haber excepciones, responsabilidad social, en general, se presenta como una manera de convertir obstáculos sociales en oportunidad de negocios, usada como estrategia de marketing visando singularización en el mercado e incremento de consumo. Se hace necesario entender el contexto de su advenimiento en la realidad brasileña. Presentamos un cuadro de macrovariables históricas, políticas y económicas que contribuyeron

  14. The Double Meaning of Online Social Space: Three-Way Interactions Among Social Anxiety, Online Social Behavior, and Offline Social Behavior.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Koo, Hoon Jung; Woo, Sungbum; Yang, Eunjoo; Kwon, Jung Hye

    2015-09-01

    The present study aimed to investigate how online and offline social behavior interact with each other ultimately to affect the well-being of socially anxious adolescents. Based on previous studies, it was assumed that there might be three-way interactive effects among online social behavior, offline social behavior, and social anxiety regarding the relationship with well-being. To measure social anxiety, online and offline social behavior, and mental well-being, self-report questionnaires such as the Korean-Social Avoidance and Distress Scale, Korean version of the Relational Maintenance Behavior Questionnaire, and Korean version of Mental Health Continuum Short Form were administered to 656 Korean adolescents. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the three-way interaction of online social behavior, offline social behavior, and social anxiety was indeed significant. First, online social behavior was associated with lower well-being of adolescents with higher social anxiety under conditions of low engagement in offline social behavior. In contrast, a higher level of online social behavior predicted greater well-being for individuals with high social anxiety under conditions of more engagement in offline social behavior. Second, online social behavior was not significantly related to well-being in youths with low social anxiety under conditions of both high and low engagement in offline social behavior. Implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

  15. Social in, social out: How the brain responds to social language with more social language.

    Science.gov (United States)

    O'Donnell, Matthew Brook; Falk, Emily B; Lieberman, Matthew D

    Social connection is a fundamental human need. As such, people's brains are sensitized to social cues, such as those carried by language, and to promoting social communication. The neural mechanisms of certain key building blocks in this process, such as receptivity to and reproduction of social language, however, are not known. We combined quantitative linguistic analysis and neuroimaging to connect neural activity in brain regions used to simulate the mental states of others with exposure to, and re-transmission of, social language. Our results link findings on successful idea transmission from communication science, sociolinguistics and cognitive neuroscience to prospectively predict the degree of social language that participants utilize when re-transmitting ideas as a function of 1) initial language inputs and 2) neural activity during idea exposure.

  16. Ensayo filosófico sobre educación superior y humanismo

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edgardo Córdova López

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available La educación superior, como premisa esencial para el desarrollo cultural, social y científico de un país, puede ser determinante para lograr el objetivo de algún día vivir en una sociedad justa y libre, los grandes pedagogos y filósofos se recuerdan como ingenuos idealistas que no vale la pena atender y pocos reflexionan en la posibilidad de que éstos hayan realmente ofrecido las claves para el crecimiento de nuestra sociedad. Lo que está en juego no es sólo el bienestar individual y colectivo, sino el porvenir de la civilización y la perennidad de la raza humana, ya que una persona consciente puede alcanzar grandes logros e impactar en el bienestar de los demás gracias a un humanismo verdadero. Mientras que una persona mediocre puede detener su desarrollo y el de la sociedad si no encausa bien sus esfuerzos, por eso la educación debe considerarse una acción estratégica para emprender cualquier objetivo elevado y digno de alcanzar, sea a través del currículo de carácter ético-espiritual o de un proceso de innovación sistemática en el currículo que actualmente se tiene.

  17. Evaluación del rendimiento de grano seco en accesiones promisorias de Plukenetia volubilis “sacha inchi” en Loreto

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Andrés Fernández-Sandoval

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available El sacha inchi es una especie vegetal oleaginosa que se encuentra al estado silvestre en selva alta, baja y ceja de selva del Perú. Es importante por su alto contenido de ácidos grasos insaturados (aceites omegas y proteínas que contienen las semillas que lo hace ideal para mejorar la dieta alimenticia humana. El Gobierno Regional ha priorizado el cultivo de sacha inchi para impulsar el desarrollo económico y social de sus productores. Los trabajos de evaluación de rendimiento de grano seco de sacha inchi bajo condiciones de selva baja, se realizaron en el Campo Experimental El Dorado de la EEA. San Roque- INIA; con 9 accesiones provenientes del banco de germoplasma de la EEA. El Porvenir, Tarapoto. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el rendimiento de grano seco y validar y adaptar la tecnología de producción de esta especie en condiciones de selva baja. Las accesiones que sobresalieron fueron Barranquita y Cumbaza, con rendimientos de 1863 y 1809 kg/ha de grano seco por hectárea. La accesión Tambo Yaguas, obtuvo el rendimiento más bajo con 631 kg/ha de grano seco por hectárea, debido principalmente a su susceptibilidad a Rhizoctonia sp. “Mustia hilachoza”.

  18. «No es la religión de Cristo». La figura de Jesús de Nazaret en el socialismo español hasta 1936

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Joseba Louzao Villar

    2012-09-01

    Full Text Available Cet article analyse l'image de Jésus de Nazareth que produit le socialisme espagnol entre la fin du XIXe et le début du XXe siècles, dans des journaux tels que El Socialista et La Lucha de Clases et différents ouvrages de référence. Jusque dans les années trente, le socialisme a présenté la figure de Jésus comme un antécédent du socialisme. C’est pour cette raison qu’elle est devenue un élément central dans le conflit normatif entre le catholicisme et la laïcité.This article will explore the image of Jesus of Nazareth in Spanish socialism in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, through its publications (El Socialista or La Lucha de Clases and books. Until the thirties, socialism discussed this religious figure as an antecedent of socialism. For this reason, the image of Jesus became a central element of the anticlericals complaints within the normative conflict between catholicism and laicism.Este artículo analiza la imagen de Jesús de Nazaret en el socialismo español entre finales de siglo XIX e inicios del XX, a través de sus publicaciones (El Socialista o La Lucha de Clases y libros. Hasta la década de los treinta, el socialismo debatió sobre este personaje religioso como antecedente del socialismo. Por eso mismo, la imagen de Jesús se convirtió en un elemento central de las denuncias anticlericales dentro del conflicto normativo entre catolicismo y laicismo.

  19. Catolicismo y Protestantismo en los inicios del Uruguay moderno (1876-1880

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Sebastián Hernández Méndez

    Full Text Available Durante los años de gobierno del coronel Lorenzo Latorre (1876-1880, Uruguay vivió un intenso debate sobre la legitimidad de la religión, su función en la sociedad moderna, y el papel que hasta entonces venía desempeñando la Iglesia Católica como institución modeladora de cultura. El presente trabajo busca atender las principales notas de esa discusión que mantuvieron en particular católicos y metodistas, al tiempo que analiza las distintas respuestas ensayadas por la Iglesia Católica para enfrentar el proselitismo disidente.

  20. Tendências católicas: perspectivas do cristianismo da libertação Catholic tendencies: perspectives of the freedom cristianism

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Flávio Munhoz Sofiati

    2009-04-01

    Full Text Available O texto analisa as diferentes vertentes da Igreja Católica no Brasil, apresentando-as a partir de teóricos da própria Igreja das ciências sociais. Em seguida, discute-se a tendência ligada à Teologia da Libertação, chamada de Cristianismo da Libertação. Afirma-se que o conceito de “Tendências Internas do Catolicismo” é mais apropriado para compreender os processos internos do catolicismo e que, atualmente, a Teologia da Libertação vem perdendo espaço no cenário religioso. Isso ocorre em virtude de questões internas – como o fortalecimento do movimento carismático – e externas – como o advento do neoliberalismo. Diante dessa situação, esse segmento assume uma nova postura de atuação, que tem como idéia central a construção de mudanças “de baixo para cima” e em longo prazo. Conclui-se que houve um recuo programático dessa tendência que passa a priorizar sua ação no interior da Igreja e a valorizar temas como espiritualidade, ecologia e cultura em detrimento da dimensão política. Palavras-chaves: Sociologia da Religião. Catolicismo. Tendências católicas. Teologia da libertação. The text analyzes different aspects of the Catholic Church in Brazil, presenting them through theories of the church, from social sciences. After that there is a discussion about the tendency connected to the Theory of Freedom, so called “Freedom Cristianism”. It is said that the concept of “Inner Theories of Catholicism” is more appropriate to understand the inner processes of the Catholicism and that, nowadays, the Freedom Theory has been loosing space inside the religious scenery. This occurs due to inner reasons – such as the growing strength of the charismatic movement – and also due to external reasons – as the ascending of Neoliberalism. With that, this segment gets to a new posture of action which has as central idea the“from down to up” changes, during long terms. After all, there is the

  1. Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... enjoyment of life. Social anxiety disorder can cause: Low self-esteem Trouble being assertive Negative self-talk Hypersensitivity to criticism Poor social skills Isolation and difficult social relationships Low academic and employment achievement Substance abuse, such as ...

  2. Social dialogue and social conflict as a topical factors of social transformations

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I. Z. Derzhko

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available The critical state of society can be measured by a system of interrelated indicators - economic, technologi­cal, political, cultural, ethnic and demographic. However, it is no exaggeration to state that they originally focused on the social aspects of life people lead to an integrated life crisis at a time of social transformations. There is no universal model of social dialogue; it is a means of improving productivity and competitiveness. Social dialogue - not only a form of crisis management, sometimes governments are turning to social part­ners only in case of economic crisis, seeking their support in taking unpopular measures. This approach is fundamentally wrong, because the dialogue is based on mutual trust and confidence, cooperation achieved over the years. That social dialogue should be used not only in adverse but also in favorable socio-economic circumstances. Opposition, competition, conflict, alternative, dissent is not only inevitable characteristics of a complex human world, but necessary factors that discourage stagnation, stagnation of society, the condi­tions of its constant renewal and development. Clarification of the nature and essence of social conflict as a specific manifestation of the contradictions of social relations requires consideration of a number of interre­© І.З. Держко, 2015 lated factors. First of all, we should take into account the fact that modern society is the very course of change in scientific thinking, social structure, is drawn into a new state, which is accompanied by adapting social transformation. That is why these problems require analysis of the conditions of its emergence, development methods and tools for forecasting and warning deviation from social norms. Social process includes ways of interaction between state and society, institutions and groups, political system and social environment, government and citizens. Social dialogue is one way of interaction between state and society

  3. SOCIAL MEDIA – A THEORETICAL CORRELATION WITH SOCIALIZATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE

    OpenAIRE

    Joan Rita O'Brien

    2017-01-01

    The present paper envisages to understand the concept of social media in sociological context. It introduces the meaning and types of social media as well as brings about some clarity with regard to the grey area of whether somethings could be categorized as social media or not. Although social media is a relatively new concept, with its presence being felt in every sphere of our lives, its inter-relation with society can somehow be traced through the theories and writings of social psycholo...

  4. [Social Security Needs Social Medicine: Self-image of Physicians Practicing Social Medicine in Statutory Health Insurances and Social Security Systems].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nüchtern, E; Bahemann, A; Egdmann, W; van Essen, J; Gostomzyk, J; Hemmrich, K; Manegold, B; Müller, B; Robra, B P; Röder, M; Schmidt, L; Zobel, A; von Mittelstaedt, G

    2015-09-01

    In January, 2014, the division "Social Medicine in Practice and Rehabilitation" of the German Society for Social Medicine and Prevention established a working group on the self-image of the physicians active in the field of social medicine (medical expertise and counseling). The result of this work is the contribution presented here after consensus was achieved by specialists of social medicine from different fields and institutions (social security etc.) and in good cooperation with Prof. Dr. Gostomzyk and Prof. Dr. Robra. Based on the importance of an up to date social medicine for claimants and recipients of benefits on the one hand and the social security system on the other, and also on a description of the subjects, objectives and methods the following aspects are presented: · The perspective of social medicine. · Qualification in social medicine, concerning specialist training and continuing medical education. · The fields of duty of experts in social medicine. · The proceedings in social medicine. The working group identified challenges for the specialists in social medicine by a narrowed perception of social medicine by physicians in hospitals and practice, accompanied by an enlarged importance of expertise in social medicine, by the demand for more "patient orientation" and gain of transparency, and concerning the scientific foundation of social medicine. The working group postulates: · The perspective of social medicine should be spread more widely.. · Confidence in experts of social medicine and their independency should be strengthened.. · The not case-related consulting of the staff and executives should be expanded.. · Social medicine in practice needs support by politics and society, and especially by research and teaching.. · Good cooperation and transfer of experiences of the different branches of social security are essential for the impact of social medicine.. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

  5. SOCIAL MEDIA – A THEORETICAL CORRELATION WITH SOCIALIZATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE

    OpenAIRE

    Joan Rita O'Brien

    2016-01-01

    The present paper envisages to understand the concept of social media in sociological context. It introduces the meaning and types of social media as well as brings about some clarity with regard to the grey area of whether some things could be categorized as social media or not. Although social media is a relatively new concept, with its presence being felt in every sphere of our lives, its inter-relation with society can somehow be traced through the theories and writings of social psychol...

  6. Social inclusion and its interrelationships with social cognition and social functioning in first-episode psychosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gardner, Andrew; Cotton, Sue M; Allott, Kelly; Filia, Kate M; Hester, Robert; Killackey, Eóin

    2017-10-27

    People with psychosis are at risk of social exclusion. Research is needed in this area due to the lack of direct measurement of social inclusion, which becomes salient in adolescence and is relevant to first-episode psychosis (FEP; the onset of which typically occurs during or shortly after adolescence). Social inclusion may be impacted by impaired social cognition and social functioning, which are related features observed in psychosis. The aim of this study was to explore interrelationship(s) between social cognition, social functioning and social inclusion in FEP while controlling for symptomatology (positive, negative and depressive symptoms) and demographic characteristics. A series of cross-sectional hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted to examine whether: social cognition (theory of mind, emotion recognition) predicted social functioning; social functioning predicted social inclusion, and whether social functioning mediated the relationship between social cognition and social inclusion in people aged 15 to 25 (M = 20.49, SD = 2.41) with FEP (N = 146). Age, sex, premorbid IQ, positive and negative psychotic symptoms and depression were control variables. Poor facial emotion recognition (β = -.22, P social functioning. Role-specific social functioning (ie, current employment) predicted greater social inclusion (β = .17, P social inclusion (β = -.43, P Social functioning did not mediate the relationship between social cognition and inclusion. Psychotic symptoms were unrelated to social inclusion. Employment and depression may influence social inclusion somewhat independently of psychotic symptomatology in FEP. Inferences should be viewed with caution given this study did not involve longitudinal data. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

  7. “LA FE DE TODOS LOS SIGLOS”: UNA APROXIMACIÓN A LA RELACIÓN ENTRE TEOLOGÍA ULTRAMONTANA E HISTORIOGRAFÍA CATÓLICA EN EL PERÚ

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Rolando Iberico Ruiz

    2015-12-01

    Full Text Available El presente artículo estudia la relación entre la historiografía católica en el Perú y la teología ultramontana. La independencia en Iberoamérica abrió el espacio político para la romanización de las estructuras administrativas, litúrgicas y teológicas de las iglesias locales hacia Roma, a la par que deslegitimó las teologías políticas anteriores (galicanismo, jansenismo y regalismo. En este contexto, el ultramontanismo reforzó la perspectiva eclesiológica de la inmutabilidad de la Iglesia católica frente al inestable mundo liberal y secular. La historia se convirtió en el espacio —teológicamente construido— para mostrar la continuidad de la Iglesia. La victoria del ultramontanismo fortaleció el discurso sobre la unidad ideológica y la inmutabilidad del catolicismo. Un historiador católico como Vargas Ugarte expresa claramente esta conciencia eclesiológica, mientras que otros historiadores —católicos o no—, sin considerar la variable teológica, la han compartido como un consenso implícito para estudiar el catolicismo. Por ello, este estudio busca proponer que detrás de la historiografía, incluso la más reciente, existe la clave eclesiológica ultramontana de la unidad ideológica y la inmutabilidad de la Iglesia católica que obvia la pluralidad de discursos teológicos y debates sobre los cuales se construyó el posterior discurso ultramontano durante el siglo XIX.

  8. El asedio a la cristiandad. Intelectuales católicos y sociedad (1950-1965

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zanca, José A.

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available From the decline of Pius XII’s papacy to the end of the Vatican Council II, Catholicism faced an actual internal revolution. This paper seeks to analyse the development of discourse in Argentinian catholic thinkers in the 1950s and 1960s; and the conditions under which this change has been possible. The conciliary period was capable of transforming the inner relational system in catholicism and modifying the ways of sanction and legitimacy of discourse in the field: what can and what cannot be said underwent a radical transformation. Issues such as the role of laymen, pluralism, ecumenical dialogue, the relationship Church-State, etc., set up the coordinates of this intense debate.

    Desde el atardecer del papado de Pío XII a la finalización del Concilio Vaticano II, el catolicismo vivió una autentica revolución interna. El trabajo propone analizar la trayectoria de los discursos de la intelectualidad católica argentina en las décadas del cincuenta y sesenta, y las condiciones que hicieron posible ese cambio. El período conciliar fue capaz de modificar el sistema de relaciones al interior del catolicismo y las formas de sanción y legitimidad de los discursos en el campo: lo decible y no decible sufrió una transformación radical. Temas como el rol de los laicos, el pluralismo, el diálogo ecuménico, la relación Iglesia - Estado, etc., formaron las coordenadas de ese intenso debate.

  9. Kindergarteners' self-reported social inhibition and observed social reticence: moderation by adult-reported social inhibition and social anxiety disorder symptoms.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kiel, Elizabeth J; Buss, Kristin A; Molitor, Joseph G

    2015-04-01

    Prevention of later anxiety problems would best be accomplished by identifying at-risk children early in development. For example, children who develop Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) may show social withdrawal in the form of social inhibition (i.e., shyness with unfamiliar adults and peers) at school entry. Although the use of children's perceptions of their own social inhibition would provide insight into early risk, the utility of young children's self-reports remains unclear. The current study examined whether children deemed more extreme on social inhibition or social anxiety by adult report provided self-report of social inhibition that related to observed social reticence in the laboratory. Participants included 85 kindergarten children (36 female, 49 male), their parents, and their teachers. Moderation analyses revealed that children's self-reported social inhibition related significantly to observed social reticence under the conditions of high parent-reported social inhibition, high teacher-reported social inhibition, and high SAD symptoms. These results suggest that the most inhibited children are aware of their behavior and can report it in a meaningfully way as young as kindergarten age.

  10. Social Moments: A Perspective on Interaction for Social Robotics

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gautier Durantin

    2017-06-01

    Full Text Available During a social interaction, events that happen at different timescales can indicate social meanings. In order to socially engage with humans, robots will need to be able to comprehend and manipulate the social meanings that are associated with these events. We define social moments as events that occur within a social interaction and which can signify a pragmatic or semantic meaning. A challenge for social robots is recognizing social moments that occur on short timescales, which can be on the order of 102 ms. In this perspective, we propose that understanding the range and roles of social moments in a social interaction and implementing social micro-abilities—the abilities required to engage in a timely manner through social moments—is a key challenge for the field of human robot interaction (HRI to enable effective social interactions and social robots. In particular, it is an open question how social moments can acquire their associated meanings. Practically, the implementation of these social micro-abilities presents engineering challenges for the fields of HRI and social robotics, including performing processing of sensors and using actuators to meet fast timescales. We present a key challenge of social moments as integration of social stimuli across multiple timescales and modalities. We present the neural basis for human comprehension of social moments and review current literature related to social moments and social micro-abilities. We discuss the requirements for social micro-abilities, how these abilities can enable more natural social robots, and how to address the engineering challenges associated with social moments.

  11. The Historically Black College as Social Contract, Social Capital, and Social Equalizer.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brown, M. Christopher, II; Davis, James Earl

    2001-01-01

    Historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs) enjoy a unique social contract in the national history, acting as social agencies for society by providing equal educational opportunity and attainment for all students. This social contract brokered between the nation and African Americans is realized through social capital or distribution and…

  12. Integrating social networks and human social motives to achieve social influence at scale

    Science.gov (United States)

    Contractor, Noshir S.; DeChurch, Leslie A.

    2014-01-01

    The innovations of science often point to ideas and behaviors that must spread and take root in communities to have impact. Ideas, practices, and behaviors need to go from accepted truths on the part of a few scientists to commonplace beliefs and norms in the minds of the many. Moving from scientific discoveries to public good requires social influence. We introduce a structured influence process (SIP) framework to explain how social networks (i.e., the structure of social influence) and human social motives (i.e., the process of social influence wherein one person’s attitudes and behaviors affect another’s) are used collectively to enact social influence within a community. The SIP framework advances the science of scientific communication by positing social influence events that consider both the “who” and the “how” of social influence. This framework synthesizes core ideas from two bodies of research on social influence. The first is network research on social influence structures, which identifies who are the opinion leaders and who among their network of peers shapes their attitudes and behaviors. The second is research on social influence processes in psychology, which explores how human social motives such as the need for accuracy or the need for affiliation stimulate behavior change. We illustrate the practical implications of the SIP framework by applying it to the case of reducing neonatal mortality in India. PMID:25225373

  13. Integrating social networks and human social motives to achieve social influence at scale.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Contractor, Noshir S; DeChurch, Leslie A

    2014-09-16

    The innovations of science often point to ideas and behaviors that must spread and take root in communities to have impact. Ideas, practices, and behaviors need to go from accepted truths on the part of a few scientists to commonplace beliefs and norms in the minds of the many. Moving from scientific discoveries to public good requires social influence. We introduce a structured influence process (SIP) framework to explain how social networks (i.e., the structure of social influence) and human social motives (i.e., the process of social influence wherein one person's attitudes and behaviors affect another's) are used collectively to enact social influence within a community. The SIP framework advances the science of scientific communication by positing social influence events that consider both the "who" and the "how" of social influence. This framework synthesizes core ideas from two bodies of research on social influence. The first is network research on social influence structures, which identifies who are the opinion leaders and who among their network of peers shapes their attitudes and behaviors. The second is research on social influence processes in psychology, which explores how human social motives such as the need for accuracy or the need for affiliation stimulate behavior change. We illustrate the practical implications of the SIP framework by applying it to the case of reducing neonatal mortality in India.

  14. Um aspecto da diversidade cultural do caboclo amazônico: a religião

    OpenAIRE

    Maués, Raymundo Heraldo

    2005-01-01

    ESTE TRABALHO trata de um aspecto da diversidade cultural do caboclo amazônico, isto é, a religião. Esta se constitui numa espécie de catolicismo popular, que mantém relações com o xamanismo nativo - a pajelança cabocla -, e que se originou de antigas práticas e crenças dos índios Tupinambás, que habitaram parte da região amazônica no período colonial, bem como de influências portuguesas e africanas.HIS PAPER deals with a particular aspect of the Amazon caboclo's cultural diversity, namely, r...

  15. Mazagão Velho: imagem-mundo de uma festa, um baile e suas máscaras

    OpenAIRE

    DIAS, Ronne Franklim Carvalho

    2009-01-01

    Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo as máscaras da Festa de São Tiago de Mazagão Velho, no estado do Amapá. Realizada desde 1777 pelos moradores da cidade amapaense às margens do rio Mutuacá, a festa celebra a transferência da ex-colônia portuguesa da região de Dukkala, ao norte da África. Repleta de visualidades diversificadas, rituais e símbolos do catolicismo, a comunidade vive com intensidade suas manifestações culturais e religiosas. As máscaras ganham destaque durante um baile exclu...

  16. Abstencionismo electoral y adscripción religiosa en México: apuntes para una agenda de investigación

    OpenAIRE

    Hurtado González, Javier; Arellano Ríos, Alberto

    2017-01-01

    Resumen: En este texto se analiza la relación que pudiera existir entre el abstencionismo electoral y la adscripción religiosa. Para la consecución de este fin se valora,, en un inicio, la complejidad del abstencionismo electoral y cómo podría encontrarse en la adscripción religiosa un factor que explique este comportamiento político. Ya en la parte medular del texto se hace una valoración macro en el ámbito local o de las entidades federativas entre el catolicismo y el protestantismo. Despué...

  17. La "maquinación jesuíta" en el imaginario ruso

    OpenAIRE

    Meyer, Jean

    2015-01-01

    Resumen: La Rusia zarista del siglo XIX vio emerger con virulencia una teoría de la conspiración en contra de la auténtica alma rusa, obviamente cristiana ortodoxa. El principal binomio de esta conspiración, catolicismo y jesuitas, no era nuevo, pues, data desde el mismo origen de La Compañía en el siglo XVI. Sin embargo, en un mundo europeo extenso en el que se han resentido las diversas crisis de las monarquías tradicionales habidas desde la Revolución francesa, el fantasma de los jesuitas ...

  18. El discurso desincretizador y womanista de Georgina Herrera: hacia una descolonización de la espiritualidad de la mujer negra cubana=Georgina Herrera’s Womanist and unsyncretic discourse: Toward a Spiritual Decolonization of the Afro-Cuban Woman

    OpenAIRE

    Ana Zapata-Calle

    2017-01-01

    Resumen El propósito de este artículo es usar la poesía de Georgina Herrera para deconstruir la tradición de la santería que considera la religión yoruba como una ramificación del catolicismo y no como una religión universal. Georgina Herrera refleja en sus poemarios África (2006) y Gatos y liebres o libro de las conciliaciones (2010) el nuevo discurso afro-cubano que apuesta por una heterogeneidad religiosa que emerge en Cuba a finales de los años ochenta. Además, la poeta aboga en su po...

  19. Religión y salud: la intervención pública de agentes religiosos católicos formados en bioética en el debate parlamentario sobre la muerte digna en la Argentina

    OpenAIRE

    Gabriela Irrazábal

    2015-01-01

    Desde una perspectiva sociológica, este trabajo aborda una de las aristas de la intervención pública de ciertos sectores del catolicismo en la elaboración y sanción de leyes de salud. En particular se hace foco en el debate en comisiones parlamentarias sobre la llamada ley de “muerte digna” (Ley 26742) en el cual se convocó a un grupo de expertos en bioética para asesorar a los senadores sobre los alcances y límites de la ley. La mayoría de los expertos invitados pregonan la perspectiva de la...

  20. La diversidad religiosa en los centros educativos catalanes: un elemento para construir identidad

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández Mostaza, Esther; Forns, Clara; Forteza González, Maria; García-Romeral Moreno, Gloria

    2007-01-01

    Puede parecer una obviedad pero, aún así, resultaría pertinente comenzar nuestra comunicación expresando que religiones a nuestro alcance hay más de una. De entrada, nos damos cuenta de que el hecho de hablar de «religión» para referirnos al catolicismo, el budismo o el Islam representa una conquista cultural porque implica englobarlas a todas dentro de una misma categoría: Aquello que da sentido. Y hoy, más que en otras épocas, tenemos que hablar de religiones porque la realidad contemporáne...

  1. La diversidad religiosa en los centros educativos catalanes : un elemento para construir identidad

    OpenAIRE

    Fernández, Esther; Fons, Clara; Forteza, María; Garcia-Romeral, Gloria

    2007-01-01

    Este texto se presentó como comunicación al II Congreso Internacional de Etnografía y Educación: Migraciones y Ciudadanías. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, 5-8 Septiembre 2008 Puede parecer una obviedad pero, aún así, resultaría pertinente comenzar nuestra comunicación expresando que religiones a nuestro alcance hay más de una. De entrada, nos damos cuenta de que el hecho de hablar de «religión» para referirnos al catolicismo, el budismo o el Islam representa una conquista cu...

  2. Lei civilizadora e inspirada nos princípios da nossa Santa Religião”: Reflexões sobre o uso de símbolos religiosos na Lei de 28 de Setembro de 1871 (Lei do Ventre Livre) – Pará, século XIX

    OpenAIRE

    Freitas Neves, Fernando Arthur; Chaves, Kelly Tavares

    2014-01-01

    O estudo a seguir tem o objetivo de demonstrar os usos dos símbolos religiosos do Catolicismo na lei de emancipação da escravidão nº. 2.040 de 28 de Setembro de 1871, conhecida na historiografia como a Lei do Ventre Livre. Apresentamos as características enfatizadas ou iluminadas sobre esses símbolos religiosos utilizados pelos membros da oligarquia política do Pará, durante o Império, para se propagar ideais de civilização e progresso material para o Estado advindos com a nova Lei; ao mesmo ...

  3. How social cognition can inform social decision making

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Victoria K.; Harris, Lasana T.

    2013-01-01

    Social decision-making is often complex, requiring the decision-maker to make inferences of others' mental states in addition to engaging traditional decision-making processes like valuation and reward processing. A growing body of research in neuroeconomics has examined decision-making involving social and non-social stimuli to explore activity in brain regions such as the striatum and prefrontal cortex, largely ignoring the power of the social context. Perhaps more complex processes may influence decision-making in social vs. non-social contexts. Years of social psychology and social neuroscience research have documented a multitude of processes (e.g., mental state inferences, impression formation, spontaneous trait inferences) that occur upon viewing another person. These processes rely on a network of brain regions including medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), superior temporal sulcus (STS), temporal parietal junction, and precuneus among others. Undoubtedly, these social cognition processes affect social decision-making since mental state inferences occur spontaneously and automatically. Few studies have looked at how these social inference processes affect decision-making in a social context despite the capability of these inferences to serve as predictions that can guide future decision-making. Here we review and integrate the person perception and decision-making literatures to understand how social cognition can inform the study of social decision-making in a way that is consistent with both literatures. We identify gaps in both literatures—while behavioral economics largely ignores social processes that spontaneously occur upon viewing another person, social psychology has largely failed to talk about the implications of social cognition processes in an economic decision-making context—and examine the benefits of integrating social psychological theory with behavioral economic theory. PMID:24399928

  4. How social cognition can inform social decision making.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lee, Victoria K; Harris, Lasana T

    2013-12-25

    Social decision-making is often complex, requiring the decision-maker to make inferences of others' mental states in addition to engaging traditional decision-making processes like valuation and reward processing. A growing body of research in neuroeconomics has examined decision-making involving social and non-social stimuli to explore activity in brain regions such as the striatum and prefrontal cortex, largely ignoring the power of the social context. Perhaps more complex processes may influence decision-making in social vs. non-social contexts. Years of social psychology and social neuroscience research have documented a multitude of processes (e.g., mental state inferences, impression formation, spontaneous trait inferences) that occur upon viewing another person. These processes rely on a network of brain regions including medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), superior temporal sulcus (STS), temporal parietal junction, and precuneus among others. Undoubtedly, these social cognition processes affect social decision-making since mental state inferences occur spontaneously and automatically. Few studies have looked at how these social inference processes affect decision-making in a social context despite the capability of these inferences to serve as predictions that can guide future decision-making. Here we review and integrate the person perception and decision-making literatures to understand how social cognition can inform the study of social decision-making in a way that is consistent with both literatures. We identify gaps in both literatures-while behavioral economics largely ignores social processes that spontaneously occur upon viewing another person, social psychology has largely failed to talk about the implications of social cognition processes in an economic decision-making context-and examine the benefits of integrating social psychological theory with behavioral economic theory.

  5. Kindergarteners’ Self-Reported Social Inhibition and Observed Social Reticence: Moderation by Adult-Reported Social Inhibition and Social Anxiety Disorder Symptoms

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kiel, Elizabeth J.; Buss, Kristin A.; Molitor, Joseph G.

    2014-01-01

    Prevention of later anxiety problems would best be accomplished by identifying at-risk children early in development. For example, children who develop Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) may show social withdrawal in the form of social inhibition (i.e., shyness with unfamiliar adults and peers) at school entry. Although the use of children’s perceptions of their own social inhibition would provide insight into early risk, the utility of young children’s self-reports remains unclear. The current study examined whether children deemed more extreme on social inhibition or social anxiety by adult report provided self-report of social inhibition that related to observed social reticence in the laboratory. Participants included 85 kindergarten children (36 female, 49 male), their parents, and their teachers. Moderation analyses revealed that children’s self-reported social inhibition related significantly to observed social reticence under the conditions of high parent-reported social inhibition, high teacher-reported social inhibition, and high SAD symptoms. These results suggest that the most inhibited children are aware of their behavior and can report it in a meaningfully way as young as kindergarten age. PMID:25113397

  6. Modern Social Support Structures: Online Social Networks and their Implications for Social Workers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Kala Chakradhar

    2009-03-01

    Full Text Available Mapping and assessing social networks and the quality of their social support is a valuable intervention strategy for social workers. These networks have now spread onto the digital realm in the form of Online Social Networks (OSNs. This study investigated the nature of social support provided by such networks to their users in a rural mid-South University (USA and explored parallels with the current understanding of social support in conventional social networks. A web-based survey administered to college students revealed that users of these online networks were predominantly undergraduate first year students, female, single, unemployed and from a variety of academic disciplines. The examination of the components of OSNs appears to mirror those of offline networks. They also seem to complement the effects of each other while contributing to an individual's support system. The paper concludes with critical implications of such online social networking for University students and social workers in practice and education.

  7. The Social Investment in Social Capital

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Gritsaenko Galina I.

    2018-01-01

    Full Text Available The article is aimed at defining the essence of social investment, substantiating the levels of their implementation, and identifying the mechanisms of influence on social capital. The dynamics of the level of trust in the Ukrainian society is analyzed, on the basis of which the conclusion about the crisis of complete personal and institutional distrust, as well as the necessity of systematic work on the formation of social capital, has been made. The essence of social investments as such, which are directed on development of objects of social environment, including human and social capitals, has been defined. It has been suggested to study social investment on the nano-, micro-, meso-, macro- and mega-levels. The relevant investors and beneficiaries, as well as possible directions of their activity activation, are considered. Prospect for further scientific researches should be development of mechanism for efficient interaction of international organizations, governmental structures, representatives of business and civil society as a whole with the purpose of formation of strategy of social investment, which would facilitate the implementation of structural reforms and ensure the sustainable development of Ukraine.

  8. Social Decision Making Social Dilemmas, Social Values, and Ethical Judgments

    CERN Document Server

    Kramer, Roderick M; Bazerman, Max H

    2009-01-01

    This book, in honor of David Messick, is about social decisions and the role cooperation plays in social life. Noted contributors who worked with Dave over the years will discuss their work in social judgment, decision making and ethics which was so important to Dave.The book offers a unique and valuable contribution to the fields of social psychology and organizational behavior. Ethical decision making, a central focus of this volume, is highly relevant to current scholarship and research in both disciplines. The volume will be suitable for graduate level courses in organizational behavior, s

  9. SOCIAL SUPPORT AND STRESS - THE ROLE OF SOCIAL-COMPARISON AND SOCIAL-EXCHANGE PROCESSES

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    BUUNK, BP; HOORENS, [No Value

    1992-01-01

    This paper first presents four different conceptualizations of social support: social integration, satisfying relationships, perceived helpfulness and enacted support. Then, classic and contemporary social comparison theory and social exchange theory are analysed as they are two theoretical

  10. From Social Practices to Social Robots

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Rehm, Matthias; Krummheuer, Antonia Lina; Rodil, Kasper

    2016-01-01

    It has been shown that the development of social robots for the elder care sector is primarily technology driven and relying on stereotypes about old people.We are focusing instead on the actual social practices that will be targeted by social robots. We provide details of this interdisciplinary...... approach and highlight its applicability and usefulness with field examples from an elder care home. These examples include ethnographic field studies as well as workshops with staff and residents. The goal is to identify and agree with both groups on social practices, where the use of a social robot might...

  11. Social Media, Collaboration and Social Learning

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mondahl, Margrethe; Razmerita, Liana

    2014-01-01

    Social media has created new possibilities for digitally native students to engage, interact and collaborate in learning tasks that foster learning processes and the overall learning experience. Using both qualitative and quantitative data, this article discusses experiences and challenges of using...... a social media-enhanced collaborative learning environment in case-based teaching of foreign languages. Based on social constructivismwe argue that foreign language learning is an individual as well as collaborative process and cognitive processes underlying learning and in particular foreign language...... learning are facilitated by means of social media and especially for new generation of students. This article contributes to understanding of how best to make use of social media in an educational setting and how learning may be fostered in social, collaborative knowledge construction, sharing and building...

  12. Social Competence among Low-Income Preschoolers: Emotion Socialization Practices and Social Cognitive Correlates.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garner, Pamela W.; And Others

    1994-01-01

    Two studies investigated the relationship between emotion socialization variables, social cognitive knowledge, and children's social competence in preschoolers from low-income families. Found that mothers' self-reported emotion socialization practices were related to children's emotional knowledge and sibling caregiving behavior. (MDM)

  13. Social Phobia

    Science.gov (United States)

    ... Staying Safe Videos for Educators Search English Español Social Phobia KidsHealth / For Teens / Social Phobia What's in ... an anxiety condition called social phobia. What Is Social Phobia? Social phobia (also called social anxiety ) is ...

  14. Social Media Analyses for Social Measurement

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schober, Michael F.; Pasek, Josh; Guggenheim, Lauren; Lampe, Cliff; Conrad, Frederick G.

    2016-01-01

    Demonstrations that analyses of social media content can align with measurement from sample surveys have raised the question of whether survey research can be supplemented or even replaced with less costly and burdensome data mining of already-existing or “found” social media content. But just how trustworthy such measurement can be—say, to replace official statistics—is unknown. Survey researchers and data scientists approach key questions from starting assumptions and analytic traditions that differ on, for example, the need for representative samples drawn from frames that fully cover the population. New conversations between these scholarly communities are needed to understand the potential points of alignment and non-alignment. Across these approaches, there are major differences in (a) how participants (survey respondents and social media posters) understand the activity they are engaged in; (b) the nature of the data produced by survey responses and social media posts, and the inferences that are legitimate given the data; and (c) practical and ethical considerations surrounding the use of the data. Estimates are likely to align to differing degrees depending on the research topic and the populations under consideration, the particular features of the surveys and social media sites involved, and the analytic techniques for extracting opinions and experiences from social media. Traditional population coverage may not be required for social media content to effectively predict social phenomena to the extent that social media content distills or summarizes broader conversations that are also measured by surveys. PMID:27257310

  15. Social Media Analyses for Social Measurement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schober, Michael F; Pasek, Josh; Guggenheim, Lauren; Lampe, Cliff; Conrad, Frederick G

    2016-01-01

    Demonstrations that analyses of social media content can align with measurement from sample surveys have raised the question of whether survey research can be supplemented or even replaced with less costly and burdensome data mining of already-existing or "found" social media content. But just how trustworthy such measurement can be-say, to replace official statistics-is unknown. Survey researchers and data scientists approach key questions from starting assumptions and analytic traditions that differ on, for example, the need for representative samples drawn from frames that fully cover the population. New conversations between these scholarly communities are needed to understand the potential points of alignment and non-alignment. Across these approaches, there are major differences in (a) how participants (survey respondents and social media posters) understand the activity they are engaged in; (b) the nature of the data produced by survey responses and social media posts, and the inferences that are legitimate given the data; and (c) practical and ethical considerations surrounding the use of the data. Estimates are likely to align to differing degrees depending on the research topic and the populations under consideration, the particular features of the surveys and social media sites involved, and the analytic techniques for extracting opinions and experiences from social media. Traditional population coverage may not be required for social media content to effectively predict social phenomena to the extent that social media content distills or summarizes broader conversations that are also measured by surveys.

  16. Social support and social network as intermediary social determinants of dental caries in adolescents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fontanini, Humberto; Marshman, Zoe; Vettore, Mario

    2015-04-01

    The aim of this study was to investigate the association between intermediary social determinants, namely social support and social network with dental caries in adolescents. An adapted version of the WHO social determinants of health conceptual framework was used to organize structural and intermediary social determinants of dental caries into six blocks including perceived social support and number of social networks. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 542 students between 12 and 14 years of age in public schools located in the city of Dourados, Brazil in 2012. The outcome variables were caries experience (DMFT ≥ 1) and current dental caries (component D of DMFT ≥ 1) recorded by a calibrated dentist. Individual interviews were performed to collect data on perceived social support and numbers of social networks from family and friends and covariates. Multivariate Poisson regressions using hierarchical models were conducted. The prevalence of adolescents with caries experience and current dental caries was 55.2% and 32.1%, respectively. Adolescents with low numbers of social networks and low levels of social support from family (PR 1.47; 95% CI = 1.01-2.14) were more likely to have DMFT ≥ 1. Current dental caries was associated with low numbers of social networks and low levels of social support from family (PR 2.26; 95% CI = 1.15-4.44). Social support and social network were influential psychosocial factors to dental caries in adolescents. This finding requires confirmation in other countries but potentially has implications for programmes to promote oral health. © 2014 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  17. How Social Cognition Can Inform Social Decision Making

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Victoria eLee

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available Social decision-making is often complex, requiring the decision-maker to make inferences of others’ mental states in addition to engaging traditional decision-making processes like valuation and reward processing. A growing body of research in neuroeconomics has examined decision- making involving social and nonsocial stimuli to explore activity in brain regions such as the striatum and prefrontal cortex, largely ignoring the power of the social context. Perhaps more complex processes may influence decision-making in social versus nonsocial contexts. Years of social psychology and social neuroscience research have documented a multitude of processes (e.g. mental state inferences, impression formation, spontaneous trait inferences that occur upon viewing another person. These processes rely on a network of brain regions including medial prefrontal cortex, superior temporal sulcus, temporal parietal junction, and precuneus among others. Undoubtedly, these social cognition processes affect social decision-making since mental state inferences occur spontaneously and automatically. Few studies have looked at how these social inference processes affect decision-making in a social context despite the capability of these inferences to serve as predictions that can guide future decision-making. Here we review and integrate the person perception and decision-making literatures to understand how social cognition can inform the study of social decision-making in a way that is consistent with both literatures. We identify gaps in both literatures—while behavioral economics largely ignores social processes that spontaneously occur upon viewing another person, social psychology has largely failed to talk about the implications of social cognition processes in an economic decision-making context—and examine the benefits of integrating social psychological theory with behavioral economic theory.

  18. Social memory, social stress, and economic behaviors

    OpenAIRE

    Taiki Takahashi

    2005-01-01

    Social memory plays a pivotal role in social behaviors, from mating behaviors to cooperative behaviors based on reciprocal altruism. More specifically, social/person recognition memory is supposed, by behavioral-economic and game-theoretic analysis, to be required for tit- for-tat like cooperative behaviors to evolve under the N-person iterated prisoner fs dilemma game condition. Meanwhile, humans are known to show a social stress response during face-to-face social interactions, which might ...

  19. Modern Social Media and Social Revolutions

    Science.gov (United States)

    2011-12-16

    another part of the world is equally presented on the event domain and observable by the social revolution domain. Engagements work as the linkage...MODERN SOCIAL MEDIA AND SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS A thesis presented to the Faculty of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College in...MM-YYYY) 16-12-2011 2. REPORT TYPE Master’s Thesis 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) FEB 2011 – DEC 2011 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Modern Social

  20. Social initiative management: building social leaders

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Carlos Eduardo Varejão Marinho

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available Some programs of Social Initiative Management are designed to prepare managers to take over a new administrative challenge – the social manager. Such programs help companies to change their administrative policies in which managers are more concerned with ethics and social issues. The objective of this article is to present the basic principles for a new model of manager integrated into social programs, environment preservation and decision-making processes in the organization.

  1. Social innovation and social entrepreneurship: A systematic review

    OpenAIRE

    Phillips, W.; Lee, H.; James, P.; Ghobadian, A.; O'Regan, N.

    2015-01-01

    Corporate social responsibility (CSR) literature suggests CSR initiatives extend beyond meeting the immediate interests of stakeholders of for-profit enterprises, offering the potential to enhance performance. Growing disillusionment of for-profit business models has drawn attention to social entrepreneurship and social innovation to ease social issues. Adopting a systematic review, the paper provides collective insights into research linking social innovation with social entrepreneurship, de...

  2. Social Enterprise and Social Innovation in Danish kindergartens

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Løvstad, Charlotte Vange; Larsen, Astrid Kidde

    innovation in a daily basis. The interviews where all conducted in groups of minimum two members of staff in the kindergartens. The key concepts for developing the interview-guide and examining the research question are based upon literature on social enterprise (EMES) and social economy (Hulgård......-reflection related to social economy, social enterprise and social innovation, whereas the empirical material also shows awareness and articulation of skills and competences, theoretical methods and educational ideals. Conditions of possibility shown in the empirical data invites to a next step where researchers...... and staff cooperate (Moulaert) to exploit the potentials for change in both discursive and the social practice in the institutions (Fairclough). Change that might lead to processes of social innovation, explicate democratic participation and elements of social economy in the social practice...

  3. The Role of Cognitive Factors in Childhood Social Anxiety: Social Threat Thoughts and Social Skills Perception.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Niekerk, Rianne E; Klein, Anke M; Allart-van Dam, Esther; Hudson, Jennifer L; Rinck, Mike; Hutschemaekers, Giel J M; Becker, Eni S

    2017-01-01

    Models of cognitive processing in anxiety disorders state that socially anxious children display several distorted cognitive processes that maintain their anxiety. The present study investigated the role of social threat thoughts and social skills perception in relation to childhood trait and state social anxiety. In total, 141 children varying in their levels of social anxiety performed a short speech task in front of a camera and filled out self-reports about their trait social anxiety, state anxiety, social skills perception and social threat thoughts. Results showed that social threat thoughts mediated the relationship between trait social anxiety and state anxiety after the speech task, even when controlling for baseline state anxiety. Furthermore, we found that children with higher trait anxiety and more social threat thoughts had a lower perception of their social skills, but did not display a social skills deficit. These results provide evidence for the applicability of the cognitive social anxiety model to children.

  4. El porvenir de la universidad: consideraciones sobre el futuro en un contexto mundial

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Alfredo Pena-Vega

    2009-01-01

    Full Text Available Este artículo de ninguna manera pretende proponer una teoría sobre la situación de crisis de la universidad. Esta reflexión nos permite, a través de un cierto conocimiento, establecer un diagnóstico de la universidad. Observamos de una manera general, que hay convergencias en la caracterización de la crisis; más allá de múltiples situaciones, las reivindicaciones que se manifiestan sobre el futuro de la universidad tienen una base común: expresan su rechazo al universo ideológico neoliberal. Asistimos a un desconcierto profundo que es la parte oscura, no formulada, difícil de interpretar, de la crisis actual del mundo de la universidad. ¿Qué va a pasar?

  5. What is social about social perception research?

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christoph eTeufel

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available A growing consensus in social cognitive neuroscience holds that large portions of the primate visual brain are dedicated to the processing of social information, i.e., to those aspects of stimuli that are usually encountered in social interactions such as others’ facial expressions, actions and symbols. Yet, studies of social perception have mostly employed simple pictorial representations of conspecifics. These stimuli are social only in the restricted sense that they physically resemble objects with which the observer would typically interact. In an equally important sense, however, these stimuli might be regarded as ‘non-social’: the observer knows that they are viewing pictures and might therefore not attribute current mental states to the stimuli or might do so in a qualitatively different way than in a real social interaction. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of such higher-order conceptualisation of the stimulus for social perceptual processing. Here, we assess the similarity between the various types of stimuli used in the laboratory and object classes encountered in real social interactions. We distinguish two different levels at which experimental stimuli can match social stimuli as encountered in everyday social settings: (i the extent to which a stimulus’ physical properties resemble those typically encountered in social interactions and (ii the higher-level conceptualisation of the stimulus as indicating another person’s mental states. We illustrate the significance of this distinction for social perception research and report new empirical evidence further highlighting the importance of mental state attribution for perceptual processing. Finally, we discuss the potential of this approach to inform studies of clinical conditions such as autism.

  6. Toward a more social social psychology of power

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Lammers, J.

    2008-01-01

    In this dissertation I aim to take a step toward a more social social psychology of power. In my opinion the existing social psychology on power is insufficiently social, and too material and physical. I believe this material and physical view has greatly influenced how social psychology has studied

  7. Horizontes para pensar y sentir la formación docente del por-venir | Horizons for thought and feeling teacher training in-coming

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lonis Chacón de Bueno

    2017-11-01

    Full Text Available The epochal change warns of the emergence of a new rationality, the emancipation of man, the search for meaning and aesthetics as a new expressive form in the field of knowledge that characterize 21st century thinking. In this context, permeated by uncertainty and chaos, training is being subjected to harsh criticism characterized by its limited action in the growing deterioration of moral and ethical values. In addition to a growing insensitivity to what surrounds us, where teacher training is observed from fragmentation, impeding holistic ways of understanding reality, which professes the deification of the utilitarian and predominance of technical reason. In this sense, the present study emphasizes the importance of a formation as a premise for the transformation of social reality, which places a formation of itself: ethics and aesthetics of existence. The purpose of this essay is to reflexively approach the conception of teacher education in the ethical-political context and the emancipatory praxis in the face of the challenges and challenges that come with us. It is conceived as a research of theoretical development with documentary design and with pretension of hermeneutic scope. The findings obtained after studying and experiencing reality reflect on the horizon some theoretical approaches that reduce anthropoformation, as a way of thinking and feeling teacher training, an ethical, sensitive teacher capable of rescuing the human condition, the will to power, Freedom, commitment and responsibility as an exercise of citizenship.

  8. Social marketing: an approach to planned social change.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kotler, P; Zaltman, G

    1971-07-01

    This article examines the applicability of marketing concepts to social causes and social change. Social marketing is defined as the design, implementation, and control of programs calculated to influence the acceptability of social ideas and involving considerations of product planning, pricing, communication, distribution and marketing research. Wiebe examined four social advertising campaigns and concluded that their effectiveness depended on the presence of adequate force, direction, adequate and compatible social mechanism, and distance (the "cost" of the new attitude as seen by message's message"s recepient). A marketing planning approach is not a guarantee for the achievement of social objectives; yet, it represents a bridging mechanism linking the knowledge of the behavioral scientist with the socially useful implementation of that knowledge.

  9. Social Anxiety and Social Support in Romantic Relationships.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Porter, Eliora; Chambless, Dianne L

    2017-05-01

    Little is known about the quality of socially anxious individuals' romantic relationships. In the present study, we examine associations between social anxiety and social support in such relationships. In Study 1, we collected self-report data on social anxiety symptoms and received, provided, and perceived social support from 343 undergraduates and their romantic partners. One year later couples were contacted to determine whether they were still in this relationship. Results indicated that men's social anxiety at Time 1 predicted higher rates of breakup at Time 2. Men's and women's perceived support, as well as men's provided support, were also significantly predictive of breakup. Social anxiety did not interact with any of the support variables to predict breakup. In Study 2, a subset of undergraduate couples with a partner high (n=27) or low (n=27) in social anxiety completed two 10-minute, lab-based, video-recorded social support tasks. Both partners rated their received or provided social support following the interaction, and trained observers also coded for support behaviors. Results showed that socially anxious individuals received less support from their partners during the interaction according to participant but not observer report. High and lower social anxiety couples did not differ in terms of the target's provision of support. Taken together, results suggest that social anxiety is associated with difficulties even in the context of established romantic relationships. Clinical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  10. Social class, social capital, social practice and language in British sociolinguistics

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Fabricius, Anne H.

    2017-01-01

    Social class has recently re-emerged strongly within academic sociology in the UK, and I argue in this paper that sociolinguists benefit from an awareness of these currents in our work with speakers and communities in the UK setting. The discussion will elaborate on the approaches to social class...... ideological construct within British society all have ramifications for the resonance of social class in sociolinguistics and real-time corpus work. I will look at several research traditions of social class analysis and examine their potential contributions to sociolinguistic research. The importance of fine...

  11. Relationship between Social Networks Adoption and Social Intelligence

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gunduz, Semseddin

    2017-01-01

    The purpose of this study was to set forth the relationship between the individuals' states to adopt social networks and social intelligence and analyze both concepts according to various variables. Research data were collected from 1145 social network users in the online media by using the Adoption of Social Network Scale and Social Intelligence…

  12. Social Moments: A Perspective on Interaction for Social Robotics

    OpenAIRE

    Durantin, Gautier; Heath, Scott; Wiles, Janet

    2017-01-01

    During a social interaction, events that happen at different timescales can indicate social meanings. In order to socially engage with humans, robots will need to be able to comprehend and manipulate the social meanings that are associated with these events. We define social moments as events that occur within a social interaction and which can signify a pragmatic or semantic meaning. A challenge for social robots is recognizing social moments that occur on short timescales, which can be on t...

  13. Social relations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Due, P; Holstein, B; Lund, R

    1999-01-01

    We introduce a conceptual framework with social relations as the main concept and the structure and the function of social relations as subconcepts. The structure of social relations covers aspects of formal relations and social network. The function of social relations covers social support......, social anchorage and relational strain. We use this conceptual framework to describe social relations in the Danish population, with questionnaire data from the Danish Longitudinal Health Behaviour Study including a random sample of each of the age groups 25-, 50-, 60-and 70-year olds, N = 2......,011. The postal questionnaires were answered by a random sample in each of the age groups. The results show marked age and gender differences in both the structure and the function of social relations. The social network, measured as weekly contacts, weakens with age and so does instrumental support. Emotional...

  14. Social Rewards and Social Networks in the Human Brain.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fareri, Dominic S; Delgado, Mauricio R

    2014-08-01

    The rapid development of social media and social networking sites in human society within the past decade has brought about an increased focus on the value of social relationships and being connected with others. Research suggests that we pursue socially valued or rewarding outcomes-approval, acceptance, reciprocity-as a means toward learning about others and fulfilling social needs of forming meaningful relationships. Focusing largely on recent advances in the human neuroimaging literature, we review findings highlighting the neural circuitry and processes that underlie pursuit of valued rewarding outcomes across non-social and social domains. We additionally discuss emerging human neuroimaging evidence supporting the idea that social rewards provide a gateway to establishing relationships and forming social networks. Characterizing the link between social network, brain, and behavior can potentially identify contributing factors to maladaptive influences on decision making within social situations. © The Author(s) 2014.

  15. Does Online Social Media Lead to Social Connection or Social Disconnection?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Twenge, Jean M.

    2013-01-01

    Today’s young generation (often called "Millennials," "GenY," or "Generation Me") are the first to grow up with the Internet and social networking websites. Have these experiences led to more and better social connections, or fewer and atrophied ones? Social media use may lead to online political action such as signing an e-mail petition but does…

  16. Organisational Social Capital through Corporate Social Performance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Adrian Henorel Niţu

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between the corporate social responsibility performance and the Organisational Social Capital. Inductively, through grounded theory, this paper uses secondary data to develop a theoretical model which presents the relationship between the following concepts: business codes, stakeholders, Corporate Social Performance (CSP and Organisational Social Capital (OSC. This study brings together two main areas of research, namely: Organisational Social Capital and business ethics. This represents a gap in the literature, to which this research will address. Three propositions are put forward and discussed using secondary data collection methods. The findings suggest that there is a strong correlation between the characteristics which improve the quality of organisation-stakeholders relationship and the effectiveness of implementing business codes and, therefore, the increasing Corporate Social Performance. The proposed ethical framework has, at the same time, a similar effect by incrementing Organisational Social Capital, because it shares similar features with the relation between organisation-stakeholders, business codes and CSP.

  17. Organisational Social Capital through Corporate Social Performance

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A.H. Niţu

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between the corporate social responsibility performance and the Organisational Social Capital. Inductively, through grounded theory, this paper uses secondary data to develop a theoretical model which presents the relationship between the following concepts: business codes, stakeholders, Corporate Social Performance (CSP and Organisational Social Capital (OSC. This study brings together two main areas of research, namely: Organisational Social Capital and business ethics. This represents a gap in the literature, to which this research will address. Three propositions are put forward and discussed using secondary data collection methods. The findings suggest that there is a strong correlation between the characteristics which improve the quality of organisation-stakeholders relationship and the effectiveness of implementing business codes and, therefore, the increasing Corporate Social Performance. The proposed ethical framework has, at the same time, a similar effect by incrementing Organisational Social Capital, because it shares similar features with the relation between organisation-stakeholders, business codes and CSP.

  18. One Health in social networks and social media.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mekaru, S R; Brownstein, J S

    2014-08-01

    In the rapidly evolving world of social media, social networks, mobile applications and citizen science, online communities can develop organically and separately from larger or more established organisations. The One Health online community is experiencing expansion from both the bottom up and the top down. In this paper, the authors review social media's strengths and weaknesses, earlier work examining Internet resources for One Health, the current state of One Health in social media (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, YouTube) and online social networking sites (e.g. LinkedIn and ResearchGate), as well as social media in One Health-related citizen science projects. While One Health has a fairly strong presence on websites, its social media presence is more limited and has an uneven geographic distribution. In work following the Stone Mountain Meeting,the One Health Global Network Task Force Report recommended the creation of an online community of practice. Professional social networks as well as the strategic use of social media should be employed in this effort. Finally, One Health-related research projects using volunteers (citizen science) often use social media to enhance their recruitment. Including these researchers in a community of practitioners would take full advantage of their existing social media presence. In conclusion, the interactive nature of social media, combined with increasing global Internet access, provides the One Health community with opportunities to meaningfully expand their community and promote their message.

  19. Impact of organizational socialization towards employees' social adaptation

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ratković-Njegovan Biljana

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The paper discusses the importance of organizational socialization as a process of gaining knowledge on the organizational success of employees' social adaptation and encouraging their social competence. Organizational socialization as a scientific discipline as well as practically oriented adjustment activity towards employees' working environment has developed methodology and tactics of socio-cognitive, behavioural and motivational encouragement of employees to the acceptance of organizational culture. It is assumed that in the process of organizational socialization, in addition to professional and organizational adaptation, the focus is on the development of employees' social competences. Although within the evaluated performance appraisal of social competence is only estimated, and also neglected in the overall assessment of employees' work performance, organizational climate for good social skills is of great importance due to the fact that enhanced social and interpersonal communication and interaction can increase operating synergies and contribute to better business results. Although social skills are an important element of human capital, they are still insufficiently recognized as a form of intangible resources that participate in the long-term value creation. The deficit in this area can lead to the problems in performance of human relations at the workplace.

  20. Social problem solving and social performance after a group social skills intervention for childhood brain tumor survivors.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schulte, Fiona; Vannatta, Kathryn; Barrera, Maru

    2014-02-01

    The aim of this study was to explore the ability of a group social skills intervention program for childhood brain tumor survivors to effect two steps of the social information processing model: social problem solving and social performance. Participants were 15 survivors (eight men and seven women) aged 7-15 years. The intervention consisted of eight 2-h weekly sessions focused on social skills including friendship making. Social problem solving, using hypothetical scenarios, was assessed during sessions 1 and 8. Social performance was observed during intervention sessions 1, 4, and 8. Compared with session 1, significant increases were found in social performance: frequency of maintaining eye contact and social conversations with peers over the course of the intervention. No significant changes in social problem solving were noted. This pilot study is the first to report improvements related to group social skills intervention at the level of observed social performance over the course of intervention. The lack of change in social problem solving suggests that survivors may possess the social knowledge required for social situations but have difficulty enacting social behaviors. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  1. Socialization via Sport - Process of Re - socialization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Yılmaz KAPLAN

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available Socialization is a process that a part of a specific culture and a specific member of society. The aim of this study is to discuss how sport effects to socialization of children and young, and re - socialization of adults.The study is a descriptive, theoretical and conceptive study. Acc ording to some studies that sport is an obtained gain in socialization process. Sport, especially team sports learned to children and young that how to behave in social group and how to control their behaviors. According a study, young people who after the start of sportive activities, its seen that “they evaluate their leisure time more beneficially” (98.6%, “they understand the importance of team working” (95.8%, “they are aware of their responsibility” (97.2% and “they gain planning study habit” (94,4 %. In addition to sport effected socialization that “understanding the importance of division of labor and solidarity” (93%, “be aware and be more careful of social rules” (92.3%, and “be tolerant of others idea and beliefs” (88.7% (Bulgu&Akcan, 2003;1 57 - 159. If the sportive activities be on children and young life, it’s an important and effective communication tools. Sport, improves social relationship and decrease social distance. Sport requires feel empathy with someone and improves the empathy hab it. Sport contributes the children and young for self - expression to be truer and better. Sport is an effective tool for to be important and meaningful part of group. Sport contributes the children and young for become integrated with a group. Also sport pl aying important role for reinforcement to solidarity and to gain the habit of obey the rules. Sport makes a major contribute socialization and re - socialization of children and young. Accordingly these results, sport has to play active role in social life a nd instructional program.

  2. Social traits, social networks and evolutionary biology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fisher, D N; McAdam, A G

    2017-12-01

    The social environment is both an important agent of selection for most organisms, and an emergent property of their interactions. As an aggregation of interactions among members of a population, the social environment is a product of many sets of relationships and so can be represented as a network or matrix. Social network analysis in animals has focused on why these networks possess the structure they do, and whether individuals' network traits, representing some aspect of their social phenotype, relate to their fitness. Meanwhile, quantitative geneticists have demonstrated that traits expressed in a social context can depend on the phenotypes and genotypes of interacting partners, leading to influences of the social environment on the traits and fitness of individuals and the evolutionary trajectories of populations. Therefore, both fields are investigating similar topics, yet have arrived at these points relatively independently. We review how these approaches are diverged, and yet how they retain clear parallelism and so strong potential for complementarity. This demonstrates that, despite separate bodies of theory, advances in one might inform the other. Techniques in network analysis for quantifying social phenotypes, and for identifying community structure, should be useful for those studying the relationship between individual behaviour and group-level phenotypes. Entering social association matrices into quantitative genetic models may also reduce bias in heritability estimates, and allow the estimation of the influence of social connectedness on trait expression. Current methods for measuring natural selection in a social context explicitly account for the fact that a trait is not necessarily the property of a single individual, something the network approaches have not yet considered when relating network metrics to individual fitness. Harnessing evolutionary models that consider traits affected by genes in other individuals (i.e. indirect genetic

  3. Social support for schoolchildren at risk of social exclusion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ivanauskiene V.

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available Social exclusion is a wider concept than poverty and includes not only material conditions but also inability to participate in economic, social, political and cultural life. The essence of social exclusion is social relationships (more exactly breaking off relationships, which may mean not only pushing away some members of the society, but also breaking off relationships with the society from the side of a person himself/herself. The reasons of origin of social exclusion may be legal, political, economical, social and cultural. Nowadays social exclusion is predetermined by social-economic factors. According to Poviliūnas (2001, the problems of children’s social exclusion may be solved ensuring proper education, care of public health, safety and minimal life standard. Growing aggression and violence of schoolchildren and their social exclusion are nowadays an important issue of political debate and media reports. Often schoolchildren face the risk of social exclusion at school during the period of adolescence. The risk also depends on the social status of their family in the society and the relationship of the family members. The aim of the article is to identify characteristic features of schoolchildren at risk of social exclusion and analyze social support provided for them. A quantitative research was carried out to achieve the aim. The method of data collection is a questionnaire. 105 teachers working in 3 secondary schools in Lithuania participated in the research. The research results revealed that most often schoolchildren face the risk of social exclusion at school during adolescence period. They are characterized as incommunicative, unsociable, passive, and shy, do not trust others, are vulnerable, have learning problems and avoid collaborative activities. These schoolchildren usually come from families of social risk or single parent families. The support provided at school by teachers to schoolchildren at risk of social exclusion

  4. Social networks, social support and psychiatric symptoms: social determinants and associations within a multicultural community population.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Smyth, Natasha; Siriwardhana, Chesmal; Hotopf, Matthew; Hatch, Stephani L

    2015-07-01

    Little is known about how social networks and social support are distributed within diverse communities and how different types of each are associated with a range of psychiatric symptoms. This study aims to address such shortcomings by: (1) describing the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of social networks and social support in a multicultural population and (2) examining how each is associated with multiple mental health outcomes. Data is drawn from the South East London Community Health Study; a cross-sectional study of 1,698 adults conducted between 2008 and 2010. The findings demonstrate variation in social networks and social support by socio-demographic factors. Ethnic minority groups reported larger family networks but less perceived instrumental support. Older individuals and migrant groups reported lower levels of particular network and support types. Individuals from lower socioeconomic groups tended to report less social networks and support across the indicators measured. Perceived emotional and instrumental support, family and friend network size emerged as protective factors for common mental disorder, personality dysfunction and psychotic experiences. In contrast, both social networks and social support appear less relevant for hazardous alcohol use. The findings both confirm established knowledge that social networks and social support exert differential effects on mental health and furthermore suggest that the particular type of social support may be important. In contrast, different types of social network appear to impact upon poor mental health in a more uniform way. Future psychosocial strategies promoting mental health should consider which social groups are vulnerable to reduced social networks and poor social support and which diagnostic groups may benefit most.

  5. Individual Social Capital and Its Measurement in Social Surveys

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Keming Yang

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available With its popularity has come an unresolved issue about social capital: is it an individual or a collective property, or both? Many researchers take it for granted that social capital is collective, but most social surveys implicitly measure social capital at the individual level. After reviewing the definitions by Bourdieu, Coleman, and Putnam, I become to agree with Portes that social capital can be an individual asset and should be firstly analyzed as such; if social capital is to be analyzed as a collective property, then the analysis should explicitly draw on a clear definition of individual social capital. I thus define individual social capital as the features of social groups or networks that each individual member can access and use for obtaining further benefits. Four types of features are identified (basic, specific, generalized, and structural, and example formulations of survey questions are proposed. Following this approach, I then assess some survey questions organized under five themes commonly found in social surveys for measuring social capital: participation in organizations, social networks, trust, civic participation, and perceptions of local area. I conclude that most of these themes and questions only weakly or indirectly measure individual social capital; therefore, they should be strengthened with the conceptual framework proposed in this paper and complemented with the items used in independent surveys on social networks.

  6. Social contract and social integration in adolescent development.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hilles, W S; Kahle, L R

    1985-10-01

    Eighty-nine subjects from two high schools were tested during the spring of their sophomore and senior years, when their mean ages were 16 years, 1 month, and 18 years, 1 month, respectively. Composites measured social contract with: (a) independence, (b) implicit social contract, societal norms and expectations, and (c) explicit social contracts, rules. Composites and single items measured social integration with: (d) role commitment, (e) social-American Dream, accepting the belief in the American Dream that hard work would lead to social success, (f) self-American Dream, belief that hard work will produce personal satisfaction and success, (g) raw deal, perceptions of being treated unfairly, (h) self-blame, and (i) feelings of hopelessness. The results of the cross-lagged panel correlations generally support the hypothesis that students respond to implicit social contracts through role commitment, which is further expressed by a belief in the American Dream for social fulfillment, while responding to the perception of explicit social contracts by not believing in the benefits of the American Dream for personal fulfillment. These results were interpreted as supporting Dienstbier's theory of moral development.

  7. Social power and social class: conceptualization, consequences, and current challenges.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rucker, Derek D; Galinsky, Adam D

    2017-12-01

    This article offers a primer on social power and social class with respect to their theoretical importance, conceptual distinction, and empirical relationship. We introduce and define the constructs of social power, social class, and one's psychological sense of power. We next explore the complex relationship between social power and social class. Because social class can produce a sense of power within an individual, studies on social power can inform theory and research on social class. We conclude with a discussion of the current challenges and future opportunities for the study of social power and social class. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  8. REFLECTIVE SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION IN SUPPORT OF SOCIALLY JUST SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE: THE EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS AT A UNIVERSITY IN SOUTH AFRICA

    OpenAIRE

    Esau, Merlene; Keet, Anneline

    2014-01-01

    Social justice and human dignity are core components of social work principles and ethics; therefore social work education should lead to socially just practice. Social workers’ ability to practise in a socially just manner relies significantly on their ability to reflect on the influence of their personal and professional socialisation and the structural inequalities that influence the lives of service users. In order to achieve a deep sense of social justice, social workers should be educat...

  9. Social communication deficits: Specific associations with Social Anxiety Disorder.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Halls, Georgia; Cooper, Peter J; Creswell, Cathy

    2015-02-01

    Social communication deficits are prevalent amongst children with anxiety disorders; however whether they are over-represented specifically among children with Social Anxiety Disorder has not been examined. This study set out to examine social communication deficits among children with Social Anxiety Disorder in comparison to children with other forms of anxiety disorder. Parents of 404 children with a diagnosed anxiety disorder completed the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ; Rutter, M., Bailey, A., Lord, C., 2003. The Social Communication Questionnaire - Manual. Western Psychological Services, Los Angeles, CA). Children with a diagnosis of Social Anxiety Disorder (n=262) and anxious children without Social Anxiety Disorder (n=142) were compared on SCQ total and subscale scores and the frequency of participants scoring above clinical cut-offs. Children with Social Anxiety Disorder scored significantly higher than anxious children without Social Anxiety Disorder on the SCQ total (t(352)=4.85, p<.001, d=.55, r=.27), Reciprocal Social Interaction (t(351)=4.73, p<.001, d=.55, r=.27), communication (t(344)=3.62, p<.001, d=.43, r=.21) and repetitive, restrictive and stereotyped behaviors subscales (t(353)=3.15, p=.002, d=.37, r=.18). Furthermore, children with Social Anxiety Disorder were three times more likely to score above clinical cut-offs. The participants were a relatively affluent group of predominantly non-minority status. The social communication difficulties measure relied on parental report which could be influenced by extraneous factors. Treatments for Social Anxiety Disorder may benefit from a specific focus on developing social communication skills. Future research using objective assessments of underlying social communication skills is required. Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  10. Social Perception and Social Reality: A Reflection-Construction Model.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jussim, Lee

    1991-01-01

    A reflection-construction model of relations between social perception and social reality is presented that explicitly specifies several ways in which social perception may relate to social reality. Evidence supporting this model also supports a weaker version of the social-constructivist view. (SLD)

  11. Self-verification and social anxiety: preference for negative social feedback and low social self-esteem.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Valentiner, David P; Skowronski, John J; McGrath, Patrick B; Smith, Sarah A; Renner, Kerry A

    2011-10-01

    A self-verification model of social anxiety views negative social self-esteem as a core feature of social anxiety. This core feature is proposed to be maintained through self-verification processes, such as by leading individuals with negative social self-esteem to prefer negative social feedback. This model is tested in two studies. In Study 1, questionnaires were administered to a college sample (N = 317). In Study 2, questionnaires were administered to anxiety disordered patients (N = 62) before and after treatment. Study 1 developed measures of preference for negative social feedback and social self-esteem, and provided evidence of their incremental validity in a college sample. Study 2 found that these two variables are not strongly related to fears of evaluation, are relatively unaffected by a treatment that targets such fears, and predict residual social anxiety following treatment. Overall, these studies provide preliminary evidence for a self-verification model of social anxiety.

  12. Understanding Social Business

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Vatrapu, Ravi

    2013-01-01

    “Social business” refers to the utilization of online social channels to conduct business. This chapter situates the notion of social business in the relevant macro trends in technology, business, and society and discusses the three critical aspects of social business: social business engagement......, social media analytics, and social media management. Social media engagement concerns the organization’s strategic use of social media channels to interact with its internal and external stakeholders for purposes ranging from knowledge management to corporate social responsibility and marketing. Social...... media analytics refers to the collection, storage, analysis, and reporting of social data emanating from the social media engagement of and social media conversations about the organization. Social media management focusses on the operational issues, managerial challenges, and comparative advantages...

  13. Characterizing socially avoidant and affiliative responses to social exclusion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Katherine Elizabeth Powers

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Humans have a fundamental need for social relationships. From an evolutionary standpoint, the drive to form social connections may have evolved as an adaptive mechanism to promote survival, as group membership afforded the benefits of shared resources and security. Thus, rejection from social groups is especially detrimental, rendering the ability to detect threats to social relationships and respond in adaptive ways critical. Previous research indicates that social exclusion alters cognition and behavior in specific ways that may initially appear contradictory. That is, although some studies have found that exclusionary social threats lead to withdrawal from the surrounding social world, other studies indicate that social exclusion motivates affiliative social behavior. Here, we review the existing evidence supporting accounts of avoidant and affiliative responses, and highlight the conditions under which both categories of responses may be simultaneously employed. Then, we review the neuroimaging research implicating specific brain regions underlying the ability to detect and adaptively respond to threats of social exclusion. Collectively, these findings are suggestive of neural system highly attuned to social context and capable of motivating flexible behavioral responses.

  14. Social innovation in the context of corporate social responsibility

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    María de Fátima León

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available Faced with a reality characterized by unsolved social and environmental problems, it is common to observe the behavior of firms in terms of its contribution in the resolution or treatment of these problems. Many of these initiatives are examples of social innovations offering new products, processes and relationships in terms of benefiting the most disadvantaged groups in areas such as safety, health, education, environment, among others. In this sense, this documentary research examines the role of social innovation in the context of corporate social responsibility, through a review of theoretical topic of innovation, social innovation and corporate social responsibility. Also, through the filter of what can be considered social innovation, raises some examples of Venezuelan companies with socially responsible approaches moving toward maturity in a socially ethical enterprise.

  15. The Relationship of Social Pedagogy and Social Work

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Blahoslav Kraus

    2016-04-01

    Full Text Available The article analyses the development of the relationship between social work and social pedagogy at the end of the 20th century in the Czech Republic and compares this relationship to the one in neighbouring countries (Germany, England, France, Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Poland, Slovakia, Russia, Lithuania. The article further deals with various concepts of this relationship (including identification, differentiation, and convergent principle. It also compares the paradigms of social pedagogy and social work (autonomy, similarities and differences mainly in epistemological terms. Series of paradigms appear in both social work and social pedagogy during their development. A prevailing tendency towards the multi-paradigmatism can be seen. Furthermore, the article discusses the differences in professional aspirations within both fields and the number of job opportunities for the fields graduates. A conclusion of the article is dedicated to the professional career within social pedagogy and social work regarding the real life situation in both fields.

  16. Social activism: Engaging millennials in social causes

    OpenAIRE

    Seelig, Michelle I.

    2018-01-01

    Given that young adults consume and interact with digital technologies not only a daily basis, but extensively throughout the day, it stands to reason they are more actively involved in advocating social change particularly through social media. However, national surveys of civic engagement indicate civic and community engagement drops-off after high school and while millennials attend college. While past research has compiled evidence about young adults’ social media use and some social medi...

  17. Build your own social network laboratory with Social Lab: a tool for research in social media.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Garaizar, Pablo; Reips, Ulf-Dietrich

    2014-06-01

    Social networking has surpassed e-mail and instant messaging as the dominant form of online communication (Meeker, Devitt, & Wu, 2010). Currently, all large social networks are proprietary, making it difficult to impossible for researchers to make changes to such networks for the purpose of study design and access to user-generated data from the networks. To address this issue, the authors have developed and present Social Lab, an Internet-based free and open-source social network software system available from http://www.sociallab.es . Having full availability of navigation and communication data in Social Lab allows researchers to investigate behavior in social media on an individual and group level. Automated artificial users ("bots") are available to the researcher to simulate and stimulate social networking situations. These bots respond dynamically to situations as they unfold. The bots can easily be configured with scripts and can be used to experimentally manipulate social networking situations in Social Lab. Examples for setting up, configuring, and using Social Lab as a tool for research in social media are provided.

  18. Social-ecological frames of the social capital in Vojvodina

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Pušić Ljubinko

    2006-01-01

    Full Text Available This paper discusses the general problem of territorialization and the special problems of cultural-genetical conditions in the sociological construction of social capital. The starting base is presented by the fact that a connection between the social-ecological conditions of an environment and social capital is historical, permanent and crucial. High and continuous growing level of urbanization in Vojvodina shows the prevailing of urban society inside of which the social capital is being formed. However, in the conditions of social transition also appear controversial relations which exert influence on the creation and functioning of social capital. Social-economical structure of the urban population in Vojvodina and the governing systems of values do not necessary product also the urban way of life, which therefore exerts influence on the quality of social capital. In this paper is particularly examined a connection of the spatial mobility of the urban population, institutional channels and local conditions in the social construction of social capital.

  19. Conditioned Subjective Responses to Socially Relevant Stimuli in Social Anxiety Disorder and Subclinical Social Anxiety.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tinoco-González, Daniella; Fullana, Miquel Angel; Torrents-Rodas, David; Bonillo, Albert; Vervliet, Bram; Pailhez, Guillem; Farré, Magí; Andión, Oscar; Perez, Víctor; Torrubia, Rafael

    2015-01-01

    Although enhanced fear conditioning has been implicated in the origins of social anxiety disorder (SAD), laboratory evidence in support of this association is limited. Using a paradigm employing socially relevant unconditioned stimuli, we conducted two separate studies to asses fear conditioning in individuals with SAD and non-clinical individuals with high social anxiety (subclinical social anxiety [SSA]). They were compared with age-matched and gender-matched individuals with another anxiety disorder (panic disorder with agoraphobia) and healthy controls (Study 1) and with individuals with low social anxiety (Study 2). Contrary to our expectations, in both studies, self-report measures (ratings of anxiety, unpleasantness and arousal to the conditioned stimuli) of fear conditioning failed to discriminate between SAD or SSA and the other participant groups. Our results suggest that enhanced fear conditioning does not play a major role in pathological social anxiety. We used a social conditioning paradigm to study fear conditioning in clinical and subclinical social anxiety. We found no evidence of enhanced fear conditioning in social anxiety individuals. Enhanced fear conditioning may not be a hallmark of pathological social anxiety. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  20. Social Disorganisation, Social Capital and Violence Prevention in ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Not only does social disorganisation lead to the breakdown of informal social control in communities and families, but it also weakens the capacities of communities to protect themselves against crime. Survey findings suggest that poor and socially disorganised communities are increasingly resorting to social isolation as a ...

  1. Social Enterprises in Brazil: Socially Produced Knowledge Versus Social Innovation.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Edileusa Godói-de-Sousa

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available This study investigated whether socially produced knowledge in social ventures in Brazil has promoted social innovation and local development. The research is exploratory and descriptive, and was developed in two stages. At first, the sample group was composed of 378 projects selected from the mapping of Solidarity Economic Enterprises, conducted by the National Secretary of Solidarity Economy (Secretaria Nacional de Economia Solidária. The sample was surveyed to verify the main characteristics of these enterprises. After that, interviews were conducted with key managers in a sample of 32 projects. The results indicate challenges in the long path of favoring dynamic learning, with a generation of knowledge from the collective experiences of socialization: there is a lack of joint discussion and a predominance of individualized learning actions.

  2. Social entrepreneurship

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Krstić Nataša

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available Social entrepreneurship has experienced a renaissance in the world over the last decade. The business sector, pressed by the economic crisis and social responsibility imperatives, started to turn towards some of the more sustainable organisational models, which combine profit and responsible orientation. Social entrepreneurship, as a whole, is characterised by the support and assistance rendered to the community and the vulnerable social groups. Social entrepreneurs are a proof that financial success does not exclude responsible behaviour towards the social community and the environment, and that the socially beneficial target may also serve as a successful business driver. At the same time, social enterprises may be a very useful source of entrepreneurial ideas in the economies which are passing through transition, with the high unemployment rates. Filling in the gaps in offering certain social services, with simultaneous profit making and offering option for engagement of entire families, are only some of the features characteristic for the social enterprises, which could become one of the leading models of business conducted in the Serbian economy.

  3. Neuro-cognition and social cognition elements of social functioning and social quality of life.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hasson-Ohayon, Ilanit; Mashiach-Eizenberg, Michal; Arnon-Ribenfeld, Nitzan; Kravetz, Shlomo; Roe, David

    2017-12-01

    Previous studies have shown that deficits in social cognition mediate the association between neuro-cognition and functional outcome. Based on these findings, the current study presents an examination of the mediating role of social cognition and includes two different outcomes: social functioning assessed by objective observer and social quality of life assessed by subjective self-report. Instruments measuring different aspects of social cognition, cognitive ability, social functioning and social quality of life were administered to 131 participants who had a diagnosis of a serious mental illness. Results showed that emotion recognition and attributional bias were significant mediators such that cognitive assessment was positively related to both, which in turn, were negatively related to SQoL. While one interpretation of the data suggests that deficits in emotion recognition may serve as a possible defense mechanism, future studies should re-assess this idea. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  4. Social Identity, Social Ties and Social Capital: A Study in Gaming Context

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jiang, Hao

    2012-01-01

    This work will focus on how different social relationships, namely shared identity and personal tie, will impact cooperative behavior, a form of social capital. I designed and conducted an economic game study to show that shared identity and personal ties work differently on cooperation among people and resource flow in social groups. Many factors…

  5. Educating for Social Justice: Drawing from Catholic Social Teaching

    Science.gov (United States)

    Valadez, James R.; Mirci, Philip S.

    2015-01-01

    This article uses a duoethnographic process to develop a model for socially just education based on social justice theory and Catholic social teaching. Three major issues are addressed, including: (a) the definition of socially just education, (b) explaining a vision for establishing socially just schools, and (c) providing a practical guide for…

  6. Indigenous People in a Landscape of Risk: Teaching Social Work Students about Socially Just Social Work Responses

    Science.gov (United States)

    Weaver, Hilary; Congress, Elaine

    2009-01-01

    The need for social justice in social work practice is particularly apparent in work with indigenous populations. In spite of the social work profession's commitment to social justice, social workers have often done significant harm in their work with indigenous peoples. Social work educators are ideally positioned to close this gap between social…

  7. Networking, or What the Social Means in Social Media

    OpenAIRE

    Taina Bucher

    2015-01-01

    This article questions the meaning of the social in social media. It does this by revisiting boyd and Ellison’s seminal paper and definition of social network sites. The article argues that social media are not so much about articulating or making an existing network visible. Rather, being social in the context of social media simply means creating connections within the boundaries of adaptive algorithmic architectures. Every click, share, like, and post creates a connection, initiates a rela...

  8. Sazón y desazón en la cultura española

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    SALVADOR GINER

    2002-01-01

    Full Text Available El presente ensayo analiza lo que el autor llama "transición cultural española", acaecida durante los últimos decenios, coincidentes con los de la vida de la REIS. Trátase de una transición que muestra íntimas afinidades electivas con las transiciones política, demográfica, económica y socioestructural sufridas simultáneamente por nuestro país. Se constatan en el escrito la naturaleza de la secularización, las mudanzas de actitudes y creencias, las ambigüedades de la modernización úlitma de la sociedad española y las tendencias tanto convergentes como divergentes con el resto de las naciones europeas. También se insinúan algunos posibles rasgos del porvenir cultural español.

  9. La inserción socioeconómica y territorial de los migrantes aymaras en la ciudad de El Alto, Bolivia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mariela Paula Diaz

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available En este artículo se analiza la apropiación del territorio de los migrantes aymaras –residentes en dos barrios de la ciudad de El Alto: El Porvenir I (periferia y 16 de Julio (centro– y su relación con la dinámica urbana y laboral. En el barrio periférico ocurre la configuración de territorios rururbanos, donde los migrantes empobrecidos mantienen un hilo de continuidad con sus comunidades. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas en profundidad a la población migrante y se aplicó una encuesta a miembros de 100 hogares en total. También se destaca la observación no participante de las actividades de la vida cotidiana.

  10. Medios, noticias y otras cuestiones

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lic. Alberto Enrique Ferreyra

    2000-01-01

    Full Text Available Según las historias elegidas, un medio de comunicación de masas construye realidades sociales diferentes, algunas de las cuales contribuyen a pensar acerca de cuestiones relevantes mientras otras refieren a materias de orden menor.El comunicador puede elegir al menos tres caminos: a Dedicarse a temáticas que conciten interés masivo por más que se agoten en poco tiempo, tal la situación contractual del hábil futbolista de Boca Juan Román Riquelme. b Aludir a asuntos como la insuficiente asignación de fondos para investigación científica, que no obstante ser un tema de conversación menos extendido impactará más en el porvenir del país que el contrato de un jugador.c Asumir que la vida no es únicamente ciencia ni fútbol, lo cual no da derecho a igualar la trascendencia de la una a la del otro.En cada una de las opciones es menester considerar que el modo en que una historia se relata condiciona su percepción. Y recordar que, al tiempo que un cantante expresa "cómo dueles en los labios" y genera pesar evocativo o imaginativo, otro, que emite sonidos que permiten escuchar "Tú, que vienes y pasas como un huracán", apenas si deja la impresión de que el huracán es un vientito.

  11. ‘Devoção mariana oficial na Polônia (N.S. do Monte Claro, Częstochowa e no Brasil (N.S. da Aparecida’ – reflexões comparativas

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renata Siuda-Ambroziak

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available O artigo pretende apresentar reflexões comparativas entre os dois catolicismos: polonês e brasileiro por meio da tentativa da análise concisa de duas devoções marianas oficiais: polonesa (Nossa Senhora do Monte Claro em Częstochowa e brasileira (Nossa Senhora da Aparecida. A hipótese do autor é que, apesar das diferenças óbvias entre os dois países, as duas sociedades e as duas Igrejas, existem inegáveis semelhanças entre a Polônia e o Brasil no campo da devoção mariana e religiosidade popular.

  12. “Cultos ecumênicos em memória de comunistas e terroristas”: estratégias de luta de cristãos progressistas contra a ditadura militar do Brasil = Ecumenical worship in memory of communists and terrorists: strategies for progressive christians Struggle against military dictatorships of Brazil

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Brito, André Souza

    2013-01-01

    Full Text Available O artigo busca explicitar e analisar uma modalidade específica de ecumenismo, manifestada através dos chamados cultos ecumênicos realizados ao longo do regime militar do Brasil. Essa prática religiosa e, também política, empreendida por indivíduos vinculados a diferentes instituições religiosas, representou um canal privilegiado de crítica e protesto contra a ditadura. Consequentemente, atraiu a atenção de agentes dos órgãos estatais de inteligência e de repressão, colocando lideranças do catolicismo e do protestantismo sob suspeita e perigo

  13. ‘System of the heavens’: um exame do conceito de ‘Colusão’ por meio do caso da criação do Núcleo da AIB em Natal

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Renato Amado Peixoto

    2016-05-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo visa retrabalhar o conceito de Colusão por meio da recuperação de suas raízes etimológicas e de seu uso pela astronomia do início do século XIX. Nosso objetivo é permitir que o conceito de Colusão possa servir à articulação de um exame do extremismo islâmico no nível transnacional. Para este efeito testaremos nossos resultados por meio do caso de estudo fornecido pela relação entre o catolicismo e o fascismo na cidade de Natal no período do Entreguerras.

  14. Tres factores que influyen en la actitud de las personas ante la donación de órganos

    OpenAIRE

    SOLAR P, SEBASTIÁN; OVALLE R, ALEJANDRA; SIMIAN M, MARÍA ELVIRA; ESCOBAR H, JORGE; BECA I, JUAN PABLO

    2008-01-01

    Se analiza la donación de órganos de cadáver para trasplantes a partir de tres postulados: 1) la influencia de la religión en la donación, particularmente del catolicismo; 2) la organización del sistema de información y acercamiento al donante y su familia, y 3) la formación personal de los miembros del equipo de salud. En la religión se encuentra una disociación entre la norma moral propuesta y la visión de los fieles. España, con su modelo de la Organización Nacional de Trasplantes, es el r...

  15. Cultural Aspects in Social Anxiety and Social Anxiety Disorder

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hofmann, Stefan G.; Asnaani, Anu; Hinton, Devon E.

    2010-01-01

    To examine cultural aspects in social anxiety and social anxiety disorder (SAD), we reviewed the literature on the prevalence rates, expressions, and treatments of social anxiety/SAD as they relate to culture, race, and ethnicity. We further reviewed factors that contribute to the differences in social anxiety/SAD between different cultures, including individualism/collectivism, perception of social norms, self-construal, gender roles, and gender role identification. Our review suggests that the prevalence and expression of social anxiety/SAD depends on the particular culture. Asian cultures typically show the lowest rates, whereas Russian and US samples show the highest rates, of SAD. Taijin kyofusho is discussed as a possible culture-specific expression of social anxiety, although the empirical evidence concerning the validity of this syndrome has been mixed. It is concluded that the individual's social concerns need to be examined in the context of the person's cultural, racial, and ethnic background in order to adequately assess the degree and expression of social anxiety and social anxiety disorder. This has direct relevance for the upcoming DSM-V. PMID:21132847

  16. Incluso: Social software for the social inclusion of marginalized youth

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Wouter Van den Bosch

    2010-12-01

    Can ICT, and more specifically social software, support welfare organizations in their work with marginalized young people? This was the main research question addressed in INCLUSO, a research project funded by the European Commission’s 7th Framework Programme. In this paper, the authors start by introducing the concepts of social exclusion, e-inclusion and the digital divide. They discuss the concept of social software, its use by youngsters and the potential of social software to contribute to social inclusion. The authors then report on the organizational challenges met as they guided four social welfare organizations from Austria, Belgium, Poland and the UK in their implementation of social software tools to support their interaction with marginalized young people. They identify these challenges and present tools to assist social work organizations in defining successful strategies for adopting ICT and social software within their organizations. INCLUSO: Sociale software ten behoeve van sociale inclusie van gemarginaliseerde jongeren In hoeverre kan ICT, en in het bijzonder het gebruik van sociale software, een bijdrage leveren aan de sociale inclusie van kansarme jongeren? Wat is de rol van welzijnsorganisaties in dit proces en wat zijn de voornaamste belemmeringen voor het gebruik van sociale software als middel om sociale inclusie te stimuleren? Deze vragen stonden centraal in het INCLUSOproject, een onderzoeksproject dat werd gefinancierd door de European Commission’s 7th Framework Programme. Dit artikel start met een toelichting op concepten als sociale uitsluiting, digitale inclusie en digital divide. Ook wordt ingegaan op het gebruik van social software door jongeren en de potentie ervan voor sociale inclusie. De auteurs doen vervolgens verslag van de organisatorische uitdagingen die ontstonden bij de begeleiding van vier welzijnsorganisaties, bij de implementatie van social software ten behoeve van sociale inclusie. Zij identificeren deze

  17. Evolution of individual versus social learning on social networks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tamura, Kohei; Kobayashi, Yutaka; Ihara, Yasuo

    2015-03-06

    A number of studies have investigated the roles played by individual and social learning in cultural phenomena and the relative advantages of the two learning strategies in variable environments. Because social learning involves the acquisition of behaviours from others, its utility depends on the availability of 'cultural models' exhibiting adaptive behaviours. This indicates that social networks play an essential role in the evolution of learning. However, possible effects of social structure on the evolution of learning have not been fully explored. Here, we develop a mathematical model to explore the evolutionary dynamics of learning strategies on social networks. We first derive the condition under which social learners (SLs) are selectively favoured over individual learners in a broad range of social network. We then obtain an analytical approximation of the long-term average frequency of SLs in homogeneous networks, from which we specify the condition, in terms of three relatedness measures, for social structure to facilitate the long-term evolution of social learning. Finally, we evaluate our approximation by Monte Carlo simulations in complete graphs, regular random graphs and scale-free networks. We formally show that whether social structure favours the evolution of social learning is determined by the relative magnitudes of two effects of social structure: localization in competition, by which competition between learning strategies is evaded, and localization in cultural transmission, which slows down the spread of adaptive traits. In addition, our estimates of the relatedness measures suggest that social structure disfavours the evolution of social learning when selection is weak. © 2015 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

  18. The impact of social activities, social networks, social support and social relationships on the cognitive functioning of healthy older adults: a systematic review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kelly, Michelle E; Duff, Hollie; Kelly, Sara; McHugh Power, Joanna E; Brennan, Sabina; Lawlor, Brian A; Loughrey, David G

    2017-12-19

    Social relationships, which are contingent on access to social networks, promote engagement in social activities and provide access to social support. These social factors have been shown to positively impact health outcomes. In the current systematic review, we offer a comprehensive overview of the impact of social activities, social networks and social support on the cognitive functioning of healthy older adults (50+) and examine the differential effects of aspects of social relationships on various cognitive domains. We followed PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines, and collated data from randomised controlled trials (RCTs), genetic and observational studies. Independent variables of interest included subjective measures of social activities, social networks, and social support, and composite measures of social relationships (CMSR). The primary outcome of interest was cognitive function divided into domains of episodic memory, semantic memory, overall memory ability, working memory, verbal fluency, reasoning, attention, processing speed, visuospatial abilities, overall executive functioning and global cognition. Thirty-nine studies were included in the review; three RCTs, 34 observational studies, and two genetic studies. Evidence suggests a relationship between (1) social activity and global cognition and overall executive functioning, working memory, visuospatial abilities and processing speed but not episodic memory, verbal fluency, reasoning or attention; (2) social networks and global cognition but not episodic memory, attention or processing speed; (3) social support and global cognition and episodic memory but not attention or processing speed; and (4) CMSR and episodic memory and verbal fluency but not global cognition. The results support prior conclusions that there is an association between social relationships and cognitive function but the exact nature of this association remains unclear

  19. Seeding Social Capital? Urban Community Gardening and Social Capital

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, Søren

    2017-01-01

    There is a continuing debate regarding urban community gardening’s benefits to local communities, and a particularly interesting branch of this debate has focused on community gardens capacity to encourage and facilitate social interaction, which may generate social capital. Social capital...... is an increasingly important concept in international research and measures of social capital have been associated with various measures of health. In a meta-analysis of literature published between 2000 and 2016 regarding community gardens’ social advantages, through the lens of the concept of social capital......, it is demonstrated that several studies substantiate that urban community gardens create social capital, both bonding and bridging, and exhibit indications of linking. It is moreover identified how there is much to be learned from future research, illuminating how urban community gardens can foster social capital...

  20. Social Business

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Cristina ENACHE

    2015-09-01

    Full Text Available The field of social business is growing rapidly and attracting increased attention from many sectors. The term itself shows up frequently in the media, is referenced by public officials, have become common on universities. The reasons behind the popularity of social entrepreneurship are many. On the most basic level, there’s something inherently interesting and appealing about entrepreneurs and the stories of why and how they do what they do. The interest in social entrepreneurship transcends the phenomenon of popularity and fascination with people. Social entrepreneurship signals the imperative to drive social change, and it is that potential payoff, with its lasting, transformational benefit to society, that sets the field and its practitioners apart. Although the potential benefits offered by social entrepreneurship are clear to many of those promoting and funding these activities, the actual definition of what social entrepreneurs do to produce this order of magnitude return is less clear. In fact, we would argue that the definition of social entrepreneurship today is anything but clear. As a result, social entrepreneurship has become so inclusive that it now has an immense tent into which all manner of socially beneficial activities fit. In some respects this inclusiveness could be a good thing. If we can achieve a rigorous definition, then those who support social entrepreneurship can focus their resources on building and strengthening a concrete and identifiable field. Absent that discipline, proponents of social entrepreneurship run the risk of giving the skeptics an ever-expanding target to shoot at, and the cynics even more reason to discount social innovation and those who drive it.

  1. "I Don't Know What Fun Is": Examining the Intersection of Social Capital, Social Networks, and Social Recovery.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boeri, Miriam; Gardner, Megan; Gerken, Erin; Ross, Melissa; Wheeler, Jack

    The purpose of this paper is to understand how people with problematic drug use access positive social capital. Social capital is defined as relations that provide valuable resources to individuals through participation in social networks. People with low socioeconomic status remain at a disadvantage for acquiring positive social capital, a component of recovery capital. The concept of social recovery emphasises the relational processes of recovery. In-depth life history data were collected from 29 individuals who used heroin, cocaine, crack, or methamphetamine for at least five years, have less than a high school education, and unstable employment and housing. Qualitative data were coded for social networks accessed throughout the life course, distinguished by bonding, bridging and linking social capital. Social networks included drug treatment programs; non-drug-using family and friends; religious/spiritual groups; workplace networks, and social clubs/activities. Bonding and/or bridging social capital were acquired through treatment, family and friends, religious/spiritual groups, workplaces, and social clubs. Linking social capital was not acquired through any social networks available, and many barriers to accessing mainstream social networks were found. This is a small study conducted in the US. A greater focus on social recovery is needed to achieve sustained recovery for individuals lacking access to and engagement in mainstream social networks. Social recovery is proposed as an analytical tool as well as for developing prevention, intervention, and treatment strategies.

  2. Choking under social pressure: social monitoring among the lonely.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Knowles, Megan L; Lucas, Gale M; Baumeister, Roy F; Gardner, Wendi L

    2015-06-01

    Lonely individuals may decode social cues well but have difficulty putting such skills to use precisely when they need them--in social situations. In four studies, we examined whether lonely people choke under social pressure by asking participants to complete social sensitivity tasks framed as diagnostic of social skills or nonsocial skills. Across studies, lonely participants performed worse than nonlonely participants on social sensitivity tasks framed as tests of social aptitude, but they performed just as well or better than the nonlonely when the same tasks were framed as tests of academic aptitude. Mediational analyses in Study 3 and misattribution effects in Study 4 indicate that anxiety plays an important role in this choking effect. This research suggests that lonely individuals may not need to acquire social skills to escape loneliness; instead, they must learn to cope with performance anxiety in interpersonal interactions. © 2015 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

  3. Social Action among Social Work Practitioners: Examining the Micro-Macro Divide.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mattocks, Nicole Olivia

    2018-01-01

    Social work is a profession that seeks to enhance the well-being of all people and promote social justice and social change through a range of activities, such as direct practice, community organizing, social and political action, and policy development. However, the current literature suggests that the profession's focus on social justice and social action are weakening, replaced by individualism and therapeutic interventions. This article examines data derived from a survey of 188 National Association of Social Workers members from Maryland; Virginia; and Washington, DC, to explore levels of social action participation among social workers and determine whether identifying as a macro-level practitioner would predict higher levels of social action activity compared with being a micro-level practitioner. Findings indicate that social workers in this sample engage in only a moderate level of social action behavior. In addition, identifying oneself as a mezzo- or macro-level practitioner predicts increased frequency of social action behavior. Implications include emphasizing the importance of social action in schools of social work and practice settings and adequately preparing social work professionals to engage in social action. © 2017 National Association of Social Workers.

  4. Once hurt, twice shy: Social pain contributes to social anxiety.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fung, Klint; Alden, Lynn E

    2017-03-01

    Social rejection has been consistently linked to the development of social anxiety. However, mechanisms underlying the relation have been largely unexplored, which presents an obstacle to fully understanding the origins of social anxiety and to the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Two studies were conducted to test the hypothesis that the emotion of social pain following rejection promotes the development of social anxiety in subsequent situations. In Study 1, undergraduate participants were exposed to 2 social situations (Cyberball) 2 days apart. Participants who were rejected in the first situation reported higher social anxiety before and during the second situation relative to those who were included. This effect was fully mediated by initial social pain intensity. In Study 2, all participants were initially rejected. Using double-blinded drug administration, participants were randomly assigned to ingest acetaminophen to alleviate the social pain from rejection, or a sugar placebo. As predicted, the acetaminophen group reported lower social anxiety before and during the second situation. Approximately half of the effect was mediated by reduction in social pain. Notably, the immediate effect of acetaminophen was specific to social pain rather than social anxiety. Results were discussed in the context of literature on the etiology of social anxiety and social pain. Future directions were suggested. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).

  5. Cultural differences in perceived social norms and social anxiety.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Heinrichs, Nina; Rapee, Ronald M; Alden, Lynn A; Bögels, Susan; Hofmann, Stefan G; Oh, Kyung Ja; Sakano, Yuji

    2006-08-01

    Cultural considerations in social anxiety are a rarely investigated topic although it seems likely that differences between countries in social norms may relate to the extent of social anxiety. The present study investigated individuals' personal and perceived cultural norms and their relation to social anxiety and fear of blushing. A total of 909 participants from eight countries completed vignettes describing social situations and evaluated the social acceptability of the behavior of the main actor both from their own, personal perspective as well as from a cultural viewpoint. Personal and cultural norms showed somewhat different patterns in comparison between types of countries (individualistic/collectivistic). According to reported cultural norms, collectivistic countries were more accepting toward socially reticent and withdrawn behaviors than was the case in individualistic countries. In contrast, there was no difference between individualistic and collectivistic countries on individuals' personal perspectives regarding socially withdrawn behavior. Collectivistic countries also reported greater levels of social anxiety and more fear of blushing than individualistic countries. Significant positive relations occurred between the extent to which attention-avoiding behaviors are accepted in a culture and the level of social anxiety or fear of blushing symptoms. These results provide initial evidence that social anxiety may be related to different cultural norms across countries.

  6. Sociale media: nieuwe wegen naar sociale innovatie

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Salverda, I.E.; Jagt, van der P.D.; Willemse, R.; Onwezen, M.C.; Top, J.L.

    2013-01-01

    Hoewel de rol en impact van internet en de sociale media in de samenleving algemeen worden aangenomen, is het nog niet duidelijk of en hoe het communiceren en delen van informatie via internet en de sociale media bijdragen aan het ontstaan van sociale innovatie. Hoofdvragen van deze verkenning zijn

  7. Socialism in High School Social Studies Textbooks

    Science.gov (United States)

    Neumann, Richard

    2012-01-01

    This article concerns textbook analysis regarding the presentation of socialism in four leading high school social studies books, one in each of the following subjects: United States history, world history, United States government, and economics. Findings indicate that students relying on these texts to gain understanding of socialism and…

  8. Social Anthropology and Social Science History

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-01-01

    In the 1970s, when the social science history movement emerged in the United States, leading to the founding of the Social Science History Association, a simultaneous movement arose in which historians looked to cultural anthropology for inspiration. Although both movements involved historians turning to social sciences for theory and method, they reflected very different views of the nature of the historical enterprise. Cultural anthropology, most notably as preached by Clifford Geertz, became a means by which historians could find a theoretical basis in the social sciences for rejecting a scientific paradigm. This article examines this development while also exploring the complex ways cultural anthropology has embraced—and shunned—history in recent years. PMID:26549914

  9. SOCIAL MEDIA

    Science.gov (United States)

    RESPONSIBILITY CENTCOM COALITION MEDIA SOCIAL MEDIA NEWS ARTICLES PRESS RELEASES IMAGERY VIDEOS TRANSCRIPTS VISITORS AND PERSONNEL FAMILY CENTER FAMILY READINESS CENTCOM WEBMAIL SOCIAL MEDIA SECURITY ACCOUNTABILITY HomeMEDIASOCIAL MEDIA Social Media CENTCOM'S ENGLISH SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS There are many U.S. military commands

  10. Social entrepreneurship as a form of social responsibility in Bulgaria

    OpenAIRE

    Ilieva-Koleva Daniela; Dobreva Julia

    2015-01-01

    Social entrepreneurship is becoming a popular form of social responsibility and a way to solve a variety of urgent social problems. In order for a society to boost social entrepreneurship it needs a specific environment where such ideas can emerge and develop into an active business activity. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive literature review of the terms social responsibility and social entrepreneurship and to examine the current social entrepreneurship activities in Bulgaria. The ...

  11. Exploring the Roles of Social Participation in Mobile Social Media Learning: A Social Network Analysis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Norman, Helmi; Nordin, Norazah; Din, Rosseni; Ally, Mohamad; Dogan, Huseyin

    2015-01-01

    Social media is increasingly becoming an essential platform for social connectivity in our daily lives. The availability of mobile technology has further fueled its importance -- making it a ubiquitous tool for social interaction. However, limited studies have been conducted to investigate roles of social participation in this field. Thus, the…

  12. Impact of organizational socialization towards employees' social adaptation

    OpenAIRE

    Ratković-Njegovan Biljana; Kostić Branislava

    2014-01-01

    The paper discusses the importance of organizational socialization as a process of gaining knowledge on the organizational success of employees' social adaptation and encouraging their social competence. Organizational socialization as a scientific discipline as well as practically oriented adjustment activity towards employees' working environment has developed methodology and tactics of socio-cognitive, behavioural and motivational encouragement of employees to the acceptance of organizatio...

  13. Social Support and Social Anxiety in Use and Perceptions of Online Mental Health Resources: Exploring Social Compensation and Enhancement.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ruppel, Erin K; McKinley, Christopher J

    2015-08-01

    This study used the frameworks of social compensation and social enhancement to examine how social anxiety and social support were related to college students' (N=443) use and perceptions of online mental health resources (Web sites and online support groups). Potential interactions between social support and social anxiety were also examined. Consistent with the social compensation hypothesis, perceived usefulness of Web sites was positively associated with social support. Perceived usefulness of online support groups was positively associated with social support when participants reported average or high, but not low, social anxiety. In contrast, previous use of Web sites was consistent with the social compensation hypothesis. Participants who reported less social support were more likely to have used a Web site for a mental or emotional problem. These findings suggest that college students' use and perceptions of online mental health resources vary as a function of social support and social anxiety, and that patterns suggestive of social compensation and social enhancement depend on whether perceptions or actual use of resources are examined. Combined with the significant interaction between social support and social anxiety on perceived usefulness of online support groups, these findings highlight the potential complexity of social compensation and enhancement phenomena.

  14. Increasing social capital to combat social exclusion; The Social Action contribution

    OpenAIRE

    Boeck, T. G.; McCullogh, P.; Ward, David, 1946-

    2001-01-01

    This chapter explores some of the findings of a TSER Project "Making New Local Policies Against Social Exclusion In European Cities" which was based on European and local networks. The importance of this chapter was that it was one of the first to highlight the contextual importance of social capital. It has policy implications for drawing together issues of social exclusion and community cohesion. It influenced local policy making and was presented in several international conferences.

  15. Social entrepreneurship as a form of social responsibility in Bulgaria

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ilieva-Koleva Daniela

    2015-01-01

    Full Text Available Social entrepreneurship is becoming a popular form of social responsibility and a way to solve a variety of urgent social problems. In order for a society to boost social entrepreneurship it needs a specific environment where such ideas can emerge and develop into an active business activity. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive literature review of the terms social responsibility and social entrepreneurship and to examine the current social entrepreneurship activities in Bulgaria. The analysis highlights the importance of social entrepreneurial ideas for improving the business climate in the country. A number of case studies are discussed to provide evidence of particular entrepreneurial activities which have successfully solved a number of social problems.

  16. An experimental manipulation of social comparison in social anxiety.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mitchell, Melissa A; Schmidt, Norman B

    2014-01-01

    Negative self-appraisal is thought to maintain social anxiety particularly when comparing oneself to others. Work on social comparison suggests that gender may moderate the effects of social comparison in social anxiety. Self-appraisals of the desirability of one's personality may be more important to women, whereas self-appraisal of signs of anxiety may be more important to men. Within each gender, those with high social anxiety are expected to report more negative self-appraisal when comparing themselves to someone else described as high achieving. This study is the first we are aware of that examined gender-based interactive effects after a social comparison manipulation. Participants read a bogus profile of a fellow student's adjustment to college. They were randomly assigned to read a profile suggesting that the fellow student was "high achieving" or more normative in his/her achievements. When comparing to a "high achieving" individual, men with high social anxiety reported the most negative self-appraisals of their signs of anxiety. In addition, greater social anxiety was associated with a poorer self-appraisal of personality only among men. The implications of the findings for conceptualizing the role of social comparison in social anxiety are discussed.

  17. Identifying Social Satisfaction from Social Media

    OpenAIRE

    Bai, Shuotian; Gao, Rui; Hao, Bibo; Yuan, Sha; Zhu, Tingshao

    2014-01-01

    We demonstrate the critical need to identify social situation and instability factors by acquiring public social satisfaction in this research. However, subject to the large amount of manual work cost in subject recruitment and data processing, conventional self-reported method cannot be implemented in real time or applied in large scale investigation. To solve the problem, this paper proposed an approach to predict users' social satisfaction, especially for the economy-related satisfaction b...

  18. The Role of Social Assistance on Effectiveness of Social Rights

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    João Guilherme Sampaio dos Anjos

    2016-10-01

    Full Text Available The social assistance has intrinsic historical, legal and political relationship to social rights. Fundamental rights have assumed a legal-constitutional role since the mid-twentieth century. Through historical and doctrinal review of fundamental rights and social welfare, the identification of legal frameworks and institutional instruments of social assistance that demonstrate their ability to contribute to the realization of social rights and the problem of realization of social rights, social assistance seems to be able to play a prominent role as a public policy that helps to point out a solution to the problem of lack of effectiveness of social rights.

  19. Infancia y representaciones sociales Infancia y representaciones sociales

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ferrán Casas

    2006-06-01

    Full Text Available Se presenta un análisis y revisión de los elementos constituyentes de las representaciones sociales mayoritariamente compartidas acerca de la infancia en la sociedad occidental, como contribución a una mayor comprensión de los procesos de construcción de la infancia actual. Para entender el desarrollo histórico de las políticas sociales de infancia, se plantea la necesidad de profundizar en tres vertientes representacionales inseparables: (a Las representaciones sociales acerca de la infancia, (b acerca de sus problemas y necesidades sociales y (c acerca de las formas apropiadas de afrontar dichos problemas y necesidades. Se defiende la importancia de un cambio psicosocial para evitar que antiguas representaciones sobre la infancia resistentes a modificarse sigan generando una ruptura de la comunicación entre generaciones.A review and analysis of constituents of mainly shared social representations of childhood in western society are presented —essaying to contribute to a better understanding of the constructing processes of present childhood. In order to understand the historical development of childhood social policies the need of in-depth analysing three linked representational slopes is defended. They are (a social representations of childhood, (b social representations of children’s needs and children’s problems, and (c social representations on how to appropriately cope with such needs and problems. The need of a psychosocial change in order to avoid old social representations of childhood —which resist changing and are generating communicational gaps between generations— is posed.

  20. Social Entrepreneurship. Imprese innovative per il cambiamento sociale

    OpenAIRE

    F. Perrini

    2007-01-01

    Proporre uno schema interpretativo multi-dimensionale è l’obiettivo del presente volume, a partire da una chiara definizione del concetto di social entrepreneurship: un processo innovativo votato esplicitamente alla creazione di valore sociale, attraverso il miglioramento di una situazione di disequilibrio sociale, e intrapreso all’interno di un’organizzazione imprenditoriale designata a contribuire a, iniziare o determinare un cambiamento sociale. Più nel dettaglio, questo ambizioso progetto...

  1. Social rank and social cooperation: Impact of social comparison processes on cooperative decision-making.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Xu Gong

    Full Text Available Successful navigation of our complex social world requires the capability to recognize and judge the relative status of others. Hence, social comparison processes are of great importance in our interactions, informing us of our relative standing and in turn potentially motivating our behavior. However, so far few studies have examined in detail how social comparison can influence interpersonal decision-making. One aspect of social decision-making that is of particular importance is cooperative behavior, and identifying means of maintaining and promoting cooperation in the provision of public goods is of vital interest to society. Here, we manipulated social comparison by grading performance rankings on a reaction time task, and then measured cooperative decisions via a modified Public Goods Game (PGG. Findings revealed that individuals ranked highest tended to be more cooperative as compared to those who placed in the bottom rank. Interestingly, this effect was regardless of whether the comparison group members were the subsequent players in the PGG or not, and this effect was stronger in those with higher social orientation. In summary, the present research shows how different social comparison processes (assessed via social rankings can operate in our daily interaction with others, demonstrating an important effect on cooperative behavior.

  2. Federalism and social justice: implications for social work.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Linhorst, Donald M

    2002-07-01

    Federalism is a system of government that divides power between two or more levels of government. During the current conservative political climate in the United States, power has shifted increasingly from the federal government to states, a move that has implications for the achievement of social justice. Consequently, it is now necessary for social workers to engage in political activity at the state and local levels, in addition to the federal level, to promote social justice. Implications for social work policy practice, research, and education for advancing social justice within the federal system of government are explored.

  3. How socially aware are social media privacy controls?

    OpenAIRE

    Misra, Gaurav; Such Aparicio, Jose Miguel

    2016-01-01

    Social media sites are key mediators of online communication. Yet the privacy controls for these sites are not fully socially aware, even when privacy management is known to be fundamental to successful social relationships.

  4. Social Bricks?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Stender, Marie

    2016-01-01

    Can social sustainability be built? In this paper the potentialities and challenges of the concept of social sustainability are explored based on a collaboration project between the Danish Building Research Institute, a Danish social housing association and the Green Building Council Denmark......, aiming to better integrate standards of social sustainability in the application of certification systems like DGNB. The paper relates theory on social sustainability to the ways it is used in practice, and discusses whether and how social sustainability can be measured and certified in renewal...... and construction of housing and neighbourhoods. It is put forward that a certification has to take into account the housing complex’ or neighbourhood’s relation to the surrounding city, its development over time, its flexibility towards future needs and its social organisation and operation. Further, the interplay...

  5. Proyectos sociales

    OpenAIRE

    Orellana Zambrano, Waldo E.

    2011-01-01

    Explica qué es un Proyecto social, su formulación , y la importancia de los indicadores de desarrollo humano en la formulación de proyectos sociales. Explain what a social project, its formulation, and the importance of human development indicators in the formulation of social projects.

  6. Social network in patient safety: Social media visibility

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Azucena Santillán García

    2011-11-01

    Full Text Available Internet social network (social media is a powerful communication tool, and its use is expanding significantly. This paper seeks to know the current state of visibility in online social networks of active citizen talking about patient safety. This is an observational cross-sectional study whose target population is the websites Facebook, Twitter and Tuenti in Spain. By three consecutive cuts social profiles were found using the searching terms “seguridad+paciente” and “safety+patient”. There were found 5 profiles on Facebook that met the search criteria, 6 on Twitter and none were found on Tuenti. It is concluded that although there is evidence of the rise of social networking, citizen network involved in patient safety appears not to be significantly represented within the social networks examined.

  7. Estrogenic involvement in social learning, social recognition and pathogen avoidance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Choleris, Elena; Clipperton-Allen, Amy E; Phan, Anna; Valsecchi, Paola; Kavaliers, Martin

    2012-04-01

    Sociality comes with specific cognitive skills that allow the proper processing of information about others (social recognition), as well as of information originating from others (social learning). Because sociality and social interactions can also facilitate the spread of infection among individuals the ability to recognize and avoid pathogen threat is also essential. We review here various studies primarily from the rodent literature supporting estrogenic involvement in the regulation of social recognition, social learning (socially acquired food preferences and mate choice copying) and the recognition and avoidance of infected and potentially infected individuals. We consider both genomic and rapid estrogenic effects involving estrogen receptors α and β, and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1, along with their interactions with neuropeptide systems in the processing of social stimuli and the regulation and expression of these various socially relevant behaviors. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  8. Social Skills in Children Adopted from Socially-Emotionally Depriving Institutions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Julian, Megan M; McCall, Robert B

    This study assessed social skills in post-institutionalized (PI) children with respect to age-at-adoption, age-at-assessment, and gender. Parent ratings of social skills (Social Skills Rating System) and behavior problems (Child Behavior Checklist) were obtained for 214 children and 127 adolescents who were adopted from socially-emotionally depriving Russian institutions. Results showed that children adopted before 18 months of age have better social skills than those adopted after this age; those assessed in childhood demonstrate better social skills than those assessed in adolescence. PI females, especially later-adopted adolescents, have particularly poor social skills. Children with poor social skills tend to have higher rates of behavior problems.

  9. A meta-analysis of social networking online and social capital

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Liu, Dong; Ainsworth, Sarah E.; Baumeister, Roy F.

    2016-01-01

    Social networking sites offer new avenues for interpersonal communication that may enable people to build social capital. The meta-analyses reported in this paper evaluated the relationship between social network site (SNS) use and 2 types of social capital: bridging social capital and bonding

  10. Socialization of Social Anxiety in Adolescent Crowds

    Science.gov (United States)

    Van Zalk, Nejra; Van Zalk, Maarten Herman Walter; Kerr, Margaret

    2011-01-01

    In this study, we looked at whether social anxiety is socialized, or influenced by peers' social anxiety, more in some peer crowds than others. Adolescents in crowds with eye-catching appearances such as Goths and Punks (here termed "Radical"), were compared with three comparison groups. Using data from 796 adolescents (353 girls and 443 boys; M…

  11. Social Justice and Multiculturalism: Persistent Tensions in the History of US Social Welfare and Social Work

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Michael Reisch

    2007-03-01

    Full Text Available Social justice has been a central normative component of U.S. social welfare and social work for over a century, although the meaning and implications of the term have often been ambiguous. A major source of this ambiguity lies in the conflict between universalist views of social justice and those which focus on achieving justice for specific groups. This conflict has been masked by several long-standing assumptions about the relationship between social justice and multiculturalism – assumptions which have been challenged by recent developments. The assumption that the pursuit of social justice requires the creation of a more egalitarian society has been challenged by the new political-economic realities of globalization. The assumption that the maintenance of individual rights complements the pursuit of social equality has been challenged by racially-based attacks on social welfare benefits and civil rights. Most significantly, the assumption that a socially just society is one in which different groups share a compatible vision of social justice has been challenged by the realities of multiculturalism. This paper explores the evolution of four themes regarding the relationship between social justice and multiculturalism during the past century and discusses their implications for the contemporary demographic and cultural context of the U.S. These themes are: the relationship of cultural diversity to the nation’s values and goals; the contradiction between coerced cultural assimilation and coerced physical and social segregation; the relationship between individual and group identity and rights; and the linkage between “Americanization” and the equal application of justice.

  12. Connecting Corporate and Consumer Social Responsibility Through Social Media Activism

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kampf, Constance Elizabeth

    2018-01-01

    To highlight aspects of activism obscured by a focus on legitimacy and ideology, this paper argues that shifting focus from legitimacy and ideology to identity, problem-solving & dialogue is needed to understand emerging forms of Social Media Native Activism that connect Consumer Social Responsib......To highlight aspects of activism obscured by a focus on legitimacy and ideology, this paper argues that shifting focus from legitimacy and ideology to identity, problem-solving & dialogue is needed to understand emerging forms of Social Media Native Activism that connect Consumer Social...... Responsibility (CnSR) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Taking this view as a basis for social activism offers a valuable perspective for understanding some emergent forms of social media activism towards business. Two cases of social media ‘native’ social activist organizations working to create...

  13. Feminine and masculine archetypes in Carmen Martín Gaite’s Entre visillos. An analysis from ethnoliterature

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Cajade Frías, Sonia

    2010-12-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this article is to analyze from the perspective of ethnoliterature the novel Entre visillos (1958 by Carmen Martín Gaite in relation to the Spain’s social and cultural context in the 1950s. The objective of the work consists of studying the feminine and masculine archetypes that the novel projects, in connection with the gender-related models that National-Catholicism promoted at the time. Many of these models are still prevalent in Spain. For her the novel, as it encapsulated the socio-cultural context of the 1950s, had by itself, as a specific literary product, the power of impinging upon and re-constructing that social reality, especially by producing new archetypes of gender on which to offer alternate models of identity.

    El propósito de este artículo es analizar desde una perspectiva etnoliteraria la novela Entre visillos (1958 de Carmen Martín Gaite en relación con el contexto social y cultural de la España de posguerra de los años cincuenta. El objetivo del trabajo consiste en estudiar los arquetipos femeninos y masculinos que se proyectan a través de la novela y su conexión con los modelos de género propuestos por la ideología dominante del nacional-catolicismo, muchos aún vigentes en la sociedad actual. Se trata así de explorar cómo el contexto sociocultural de la época se refleja en la novela y cómo a su vez la propia obra literaria, como producto cultural específico, posee la capacidad de proyectarse sobre esa misma realidad social, contribuyendo así a re-construirla, concretamente a través de la creación de nuevos arquetipos de género que proponen modelos de identidad alternativos.

  14. Integrating social media and social marketing: a four-step process.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thackeray, Rosemary; Neiger, Brad L; Keller, Heidi

    2012-03-01

    Social media is a group of Internet-based applications that allows individuals to create, collaborate, and share content with one another. Practitioners can realize social media's untapped potential by incorporating it as part of the larger social marketing strategy, beyond promotion. Social media, if used correctly, may help organizations increase their capacity for putting the consumer at the center of the social marketing process. The purpose of this article is to provide a template for strategic thinking to successfully include social media as part of the social marketing strategy by using a four-step process.

  15. SOCIAL DISTANCES AS A FEATURE OF THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN SOCIAL SPACE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Л А Беляева

    2018-12-01

    Full Text Available Social space is a theoretical construct that allows to consider many key problems of social development including the society’s consolidation. The author defines social space as a set of social statuses and distances. Their objective characteristics are interrelated with subjective indicators identified through the opinions of individuals. The balance of statuses and distances in society and the acceptability of this structure for the majority of population ensure the stability of society and effective social control. If this balance is disturbed, social tensions arise and threaten the stability and consolidation of society. Thus, the ideas of the theories of social space possess a considerable heuristic potential for revealing urgent problems of social development such as solidarity, social stratification and mobility, social networks and their interaction, connections of local communities within and with the world, interaction of structured social relations and individual and collective practices, genesis of social space as a result of social production represented by both things and relationships, etc. According to the theory of P. Bourdieu, the author con-siders social space as a structure of social statuses based on the set of different types of capital: economic, cultural, social, and symbolic. The author uses statistical data and results of the monitoring survey conducted on the all-Russian sample. The article proposes some tested empirical indicators that proved the increase of social distances in Russia due to the redistribution of economic capital and, as a consequence, of cultural and social capitals. Thus, the social space of Russia cannot be considered stable. To ensure its greater stability we need a set of measures to reduce social distances: re-industrialization to create high-tech jobs, development of digital economy, and improvement of the mass secondary and higher education system - these measures can create a basis for the

  16. Depersonalization/derealization during acute social stress in social phobia.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hoyer, Juergen; Braeuer, David; Crawcour, Stephen; Klumbies, Elisabeth; Kirschbaum, Clemens

    2013-03-01

    The present study aimed at investigating how frequently and intensely depersonalization/derealization symptoms occur during a stressful performance situation in social phobia patients vs. healthy controls, as well as testing hypotheses about the psychological predictors and consequences of such symptoms. N=54 patients with social phobia and N=34 control participants without mental disorders were examined prior to, during, and after a standardized social performance situation (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST). An adapted version of the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale was applied along with measures of social anxiety, depression, personality, participants' subjective appraisal, safety behaviours, and post-event processing. Depersonalization symptoms were more frequent in social phobia patients (92%) than in controls (52%). Specifically in patients, they were highly positively correlated with safety behaviours and post-event-processing, even after controlling for social anxiety. The role of depersonalization/derealization in the maintenance of social anxiety should be more thoroughly recognized and explored. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Social Capital and Walkability as Social Aspects of Sustainability

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Shannon H. Rogers

    2013-08-01

    Full Text Available The concepts of sustainability and sustainable development are frequently described as having three main components, sometimes referred to as the three pillars or the triple bottom line: environmental, economic, and social. Because of an historical focus in the sustainability field on correcting environmental problems, much consideration has been given to environmental issues, especially how they interface with economic ones. Frequently mentioned but rarely examined, the social aspects of sustainability have been considered the weakest and least described pillar. After a brief review of existing concepts and theories, this paper uses a case study approach to examine the third pillar more comprehensively and offers social capital as one measure of social sustainability. Specifically, social capital was used to measure the social-environmental interface of communities. The positive correlation between aspects of the built environment, specifically walkability, and social capital suggests that measuring a social aspect of sustainability may be feasible, especially in the context of community development.

  18. Sociale problemer

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Christensen, Anders Bøggild; Rasmussen, Tove; Bundesen, Peter Verner

    Sociale problemer kan betragtes som selve udgangspunktet for socialt arbejde, hvor ambitionen er at råde bod på problemerne og sikre, at udsatte borgere får en bedre tilværelse. Det betyder også, at diskussionen af sociale problemer er afgørende for den sociale grundfaglighed. I denne bog sætter en...... række fagfolk på tværs af det danske socialfaglige felt fokus på sociale problemer. Det diskuteres, hvad vi overhovedet forstår ved sociale problemer, hvordan de opstår, hvilke konsekvenser de har, og ikke mindst hvordan man som fagprofessionel håndterer sociale problemer i det daglige arbejde. Bogen er...... skrevet som lærebog til professionsuddannelser, hvor sociale problemer udgør en dimension, bl.a. socialrådgiver-, pædagog- og sygeplejerskeuddannelserne....

  19. Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprises in the Nordics

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, Linda Lundgaard; Gawell, Malin; Spear, Roger

    2016-01-01

    of social entrepreneurship and might indicate how social enterprises have the potential to make a difference for people and societies. Social entrepreneurship has emerged strongly on the international scene and often serves as a vehicle for the provision of welfare services involving powerful and often......-conflicting values of public utility, participation and volunteerism. The Nordic countries represent an interesting case of the history and development of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises. In the early days of the welfare state, civil society and more specifically, so-called popular mass movements......Migrant women gradually stepping into their new society and the labour market in their new countries via ethnic catering in the form of a social enterprise; homeless men employed to take care of bees producing honey for sale to the public; young people on the edge getting microcredit funding...

  20. Threats to social identity can trigger social deviance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Belmi, Peter; Barragan, Rodolfo Cortes; Neale, Margaret A; Cohen, Geoffrey L

    2015-04-01

    We hypothesized that threats to people's social (i.e., group) identity can trigger deviant attitudes and behaviors. A correlational study and five experiments showed that experiencing or recalling situations associated with the devaluation of a social identity caused participants to endorse or engage in deviant actions, including stealing, cheating, and lying. The effect was driven by the tendency to construe social identity threats not as isolated incidents but as symbolic of the continuing devaluation and disrespectful treatment of one's group. Supplementing sociological approaches to deviance and delinquency, the results suggest the relevance and utility of a social-psychological account. © 2015 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

  1. Affinity-seeking, social loneliness, and social avoidance among Facebook users.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lemieux, Robert; Lajoie, Sean; Trainor, Nathan E

    2013-04-01

    This study explored the relations between use of the social networking site Facebook and scores on affinity-seeking, social loneliness, and social avoidance by 313 college students. Social loneliness and social avoidance, but not affinity-seeking, were positively and statistically significantly related to time spent using Facebook. The number of close Facebook friends was negatively and statistically significantly related to social loneliness and social avoidance. Women perceived Facebook as a more integral part of daily interactions than did men. 38% of the 283 Facebook members indicated their accounts contained information and/or a picture that could embarrass them, with men having significantly more embarrassing content than women. The findings are discussed within the context of social compensation.

  2. Social Empathy as a Framework for Teaching Social Justice

    Science.gov (United States)

    Segal, Elizabeth A.; Wagaman, M. Alex

    2017-01-01

    Social work education stresses training students to understand oppressive structural barriers and promote social and economic justice. Social empathy, which is rooted in a deep understanding of those who are different from us through contextual understanding and macro perspective-taking, offers a framework for teaching social justice that…

  3. Social Experiments

    Science.gov (United States)

    Slover-Linett, Cheryl; Stoner, Michael

    2010-01-01

    Earlier this year, CASE formed a social media task force to explore what educational institutions are trying to achieve with social media presence and learn about social media engagements at member institutions. CASE, in partnership with mStoner and Slover Linett Strategies, in June launched a benchmarking survey on social media in advancement by…

  4. ¿Primos o hermanos? Nacionalismo, integralismo y humanismo cristiano en la Argentina de los años sesenta

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    José A. Zanca

    2012-09-01

    culture.Los estudios sobre la historia del catolicismo argentino en el siglo XX sostienen la existencia de una continuidad «estructural» desde la primera posguerra hasta los años ochenta. Se trata de la formación de una matriz intransigente que habría rechazado de plano a la modernidad, sosteniendo desde los años treinta el imperturbable «mito de la nación católica». El Concilio Vaticano II es considerado, en estas interpretaciones, como un «reacomodamiento» y no como un cambio radical. El trabajo pretende debatir estas ideas, incorporando la tradición del humanismo cristiano como un medio para vincular las mutaciones internas del catolicismo con procesos más amplios de secularización social. En ese sentido este trabajo interpreta al humanismo cristiano en términos de «agente secularizador interno», en tanto sus prácticas y discursos tendieron a la disminución del peso de la autoridad en la cultura religiosa.

  5. “I Don’t Know What Fun Is”: Examining the Intersection of Social Capital, Social Networks, and Social Recovery

    Science.gov (United States)

    Boeri, Miriam; Gardner, Megan; Gerken, Erin; Ross, Melissa; Wheeler, Jack

    2016-01-01

    Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how people with problematic drug use access positive social capital. Social capital is defined as relations that provide valuable resources to individuals through participation in social networks. People with low socioeconomic status remain at a disadvantage for acquiring positive social capital, a component of recovery capital. The concept of social recovery emphasises the relational processes of recovery. Design/methodology/approach In-depth life history data were collected from 29 individuals who used heroin, cocaine, crack, or methamphetamine for at least five years, have less than a high school education, and unstable employment and housing. Qualitative data were coded for social networks accessed throughout the life course, distinguished by bonding, bridging and linking social capital. Findings Social networks included drug treatment programs; non-drug-using family and friends; religious/spiritual groups; workplace networks, and social clubs/activities. Bonding and/or bridging social capital were acquired through treatment, family and friends, religious/spiritual groups, workplaces, and social clubs. Linking social capital was not acquired through any social networks available, and many barriers to accessing mainstream social networks were found. Limitations This is a small study conducted in the US. Social implications A greater focus on social recovery is needed to achieve sustained recovery for individuals lacking access to and engagement in mainstream social networks. Practical implications Social recovery is proposed as an analytical tool as well as for developing prevention, intervention, and treatment strategies. PMID:27668008

  6. Social Media Sites

    Science.gov (United States)

    Media Sites Site Registration Contact Us Search AF.mil: Home > AF Sites > Social Media Sites Social Media Welcome to the Air Force social media directory! The directory is a one-stop shop of official Air Force social media pages across various social media sites. Social media is all about

  7. Social Innovation Policies with the Involvement of Social Economy Organizations

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bassi, Andrea; Ecchia, Giulio; Guerra, Alice

    In this paper, we investigate significant social innovation policies (related to the concept of social investment) involving the role of Social Economy organizations, and we discuss some relevant national and regional social innovation experiences by relying upon the current national...... and international literature, reports and website information. During the 1990s and the first half of the 2000s, the concept of “social economy” has evolved from one where the emphasis was on the social (social outcomes and collective action) to a neo-liberal one with more emphasis on the economic and individual...... actors (social entrepreneurs). Nowadays we are facing a transition period nevertheless in the recent developments of the policy orientation at European level, there are some slight but significant clues of a move back towards a more ‘social’ concept. We will assume as operating definition of Social...

  8. Intercultural Peers’ effect on Social Identity of Social Media Users

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Khajeheian, Datis

    2016-01-01

    - and their impact on two constructs, namely the global and local social identity. Adopting the ethnographic approach and a complementary phase of interviews, this study explores the influence of social media peers on consumers’ identity and consumption patterns. The findings show that the influence of “consumer...... socialization of peers” on the social identity of consumers is overestimated. Rather, the main influence comes from peers in the real world. The influence of this real world peer on consumption patterns is much higher than social media peers. Though social media is used for communication of real world peers......This research investigates the effect of social media peers on the social identity of consumers. The critical perspective of this research is based on the consumer socialization theory research framework. This framework consists of three levels - the global, national and local peers...

  9. Bridges in social capital: a review of the definitions and the social capital of social capital researchers

    OpenAIRE

    Akcomak, S.

    2009-01-01

    There has been a recent surge of interest in social economics and social capital. Articles on social capital that are published in the last five years constitute more than 60 percent of all articles on social capital. Research on social capital is now massive and spans sociology, economics, management, political science and health sciences. Despite this interest there is still not a consensus on the definition and the measurement of social capital. This paper argues that this is due to lack o...

  10. Social anxiety disorder

    Science.gov (United States)

    Phobia - social; Anxiety disorder - social; Social phobia; SAD - social anxiety disorder ... People with social anxiety disorder fear and avoid situations in which they may be judged by others. It may begin in ...

  11. Competencia social y autoestima en adolescentes con fobia social (Social Competence and Self-Esteem in Adolescents with Social Phobia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Antonio Vallés Arándiga

    2014-06-01

    Full Text Available RESUMEN: El presente trabajo se enmarca en un proyecto para la detección e intervención temprana de adolescentes con fobia social en el contexto comunitario, que ha mostrado reiteradamente ser eficaz en la reducción y eliminación de este problema en la población de adolescentes que cursan estudios de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO y postobligatoria. Se presentan los resultados de la investigación realizada con alumnos de 3º de ESO con fobia social generalizada en varios Institutos de Educación Secundaria de Alicante. Según Olivares y García-López (1998, la eficacia terapéutica del paquete de tratamiento Intervención en Adolescentes con Fobia Social (IAFS mostró el incremento de la competencia social y la mejora de la autoestima en adolescentes que fueron diagnosticados con el referido trastorno, frente a un grupo de control pasivo (sin tratamiento y un grupo de control activo (tratamiento con un programa de estrategias de aprendizaje que incluía contenidos de exposición a situaciones sociales. Todos los tratamientos fueron desarrollados en los centros educativos. Los resultados obtenidos a favor del grupo de tratamiento IAFS en las variables de competencia social (informados por el tutor y por los padres y de autoestima se mantuvieron en el seguimiento luego de 6 meses. ABSTRACT:This study is part of a project for the detection and early intervention of adolescents with social phobia in the community context that it has shown repeatedly to be effective in the reduction and elimination of this problem in the population of teenagers who are studying in a Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO and post-compulsory. It shows the results of the research conducted with students of 3rd of ESO with social phobia, generalized in several Secondary Education Institutes (IES of Alicante. According to Olivares and Garcia-Lopez (1998, the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment package Intervention in Adolescents with Social Phobia (IAFS

  12. Local Social Networks

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Sapuppo, Antonio; Sørensen, Lene Tolstrup

    2011-01-01

    Online social networks have become essential for many users in their daily communication. Through a combination of the online social networks with opportunistic networks, a new concept arises: Local Social Networks. The target of local social networks is to promote social networking benefits...... in physical environment in order to leverage personal affinities in the users' surroundings. The purpose of this paper is to present and discuss the concept of local social networks as a new social communication system. Particularly, the preliminary architecture and the prototype of local social networks...

  13. Understanding Social Contagion in Adoption Processes Using Dynamic Social Networks.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauricio Herrera

    Full Text Available There are many studies in the marketing and diffusion literature of the conditions in which social contagion affects adoption processes. Yet most of these studies assume that social interactions do not change over time, even though actors in social networks exhibit different likelihoods of being influenced across the diffusion period. Rooted in physics and epidemiology theories, this study proposes a Susceptible Infectious Susceptible (SIS model to assess the role of social contagion in adoption processes, which takes changes in social dynamics over time into account. To study the adoption over a span of ten years, the authors used detailed data sets from a community of consumers and determined the importance of social contagion, as well as how the interplay of social and non-social influences from outside the community drives adoption processes. Although social contagion matters for diffusion, it is less relevant in shaping adoption when the study also includes social dynamics among members of the community. This finding is relevant for managers and entrepreneurs who trust in word-of-mouth marketing campaigns whose effect may be overestimated if marketers fail to acknowledge variations in social interactions.

  14. Understanding Social Contagion in Adoption Processes Using Dynamic Social Networks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Herrera, Mauricio; Armelini, Guillermo; Salvaj, Erica

    2015-01-01

    There are many studies in the marketing and diffusion literature of the conditions in which social contagion affects adoption processes. Yet most of these studies assume that social interactions do not change over time, even though actors in social networks exhibit different likelihoods of being influenced across the diffusion period. Rooted in physics and epidemiology theories, this study proposes a Susceptible Infectious Susceptible (SIS) model to assess the role of social contagion in adoption processes, which takes changes in social dynamics over time into account. To study the adoption over a span of ten years, the authors used detailed data sets from a community of consumers and determined the importance of social contagion, as well as how the interplay of social and non-social influences from outside the community drives adoption processes. Although social contagion matters for diffusion, it is less relevant in shaping adoption when the study also includes social dynamics among members of the community. This finding is relevant for managers and entrepreneurs who trust in word-of-mouth marketing campaigns whose effect may be overestimated if marketers fail to acknowledge variations in social interactions.

  15. Understanding Social Contagion in Adoption Processes Using Dynamic Social Networks

    Science.gov (United States)

    2015-01-01

    There are many studies in the marketing and diffusion literature of the conditions in which social contagion affects adoption processes. Yet most of these studies assume that social interactions do not change over time, even though actors in social networks exhibit different likelihoods of being influenced across the diffusion period. Rooted in physics and epidemiology theories, this study proposes a Susceptible Infectious Susceptible (SIS) model to assess the role of social contagion in adoption processes, which takes changes in social dynamics over time into account. To study the adoption over a span of ten years, the authors used detailed data sets from a community of consumers and determined the importance of social contagion, as well as how the interplay of social and non-social influences from outside the community drives adoption processes. Although social contagion matters for diffusion, it is less relevant in shaping adoption when the study also includes social dynamics among members of the community. This finding is relevant for managers and entrepreneurs who trust in word-of-mouth marketing campaigns whose effect may be overestimated if marketers fail to acknowledge variations in social interactions. PMID:26505473

  16. Social networking site (SNS) use by adolescent mothers: Can social support and social capital be enhanced by online social networks? - A structured review of the literature.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nolan, Samantha; Hendricks, Joyce; Ferguson, Sally; Towell, Amanda

    2017-05-01

    to critically appraise the available literature and summarise the evidence relating to adolescent mothers' use of social networking sites in terms of any social support and social capital they may provide and to identify areas for future exploration. social networking sites have been demonstrated to provide social support to marginalised individuals and provide psycho-social benefits to members of such groups. Adolescent mothers are at risk of; social marginalisation; anxiety disorders and depressive symptoms; and poorer health and educational outcomes for their children. Social support has been shown to benefit adolescent mothers thus online mechanisms require consideration. a review of original research articles METHOD: key terms and Boolean operators identified research reports across a 20-year timeframe pertaining to the area of enquiry in: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Medline, Scopus, ERIC, ProQuest, PsychINFO, Web of Science, Health Collection (Informit) and Google Scholar databases. Eight original research articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. studies demonstrate that adolescent mothers actively search for health information using the Internet and social networking sites, and that social support and social capital can be attributed to their use of specifically created online groups from within targeted health interventions. Use of a message board forum for pregnant and parenting adolescents also demonstrates elements of social support. There are no studies to date pertaining to adolescent mothers' use of globally accessible social networking sites in terms of social support provision and related outcomes. further investigation is warranted to explore the potential benefits of adolescent mothers' use of globally accessible social networking sites in terms of any social support provision and social capital they may provide. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  17. Oxytocin attenuates social and non-social avoidance: Re-thinking the social specificity of Oxytocin.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harari-Dahan, Osnat; Bernstein, Amit

    2017-07-01

    Re-examining decades of the social construal of Oxytocin, the General Approach-Avoidance Hypothesis of Oxytocin (GAAO) predicts that Oxytocin will modulate responding to emotionally-evocative and personally-relevant social and non-social stimuli due to its action on the neural substrate of approach and avoidance motivation. We report the first critical experimental test of GAAO predictions by means of a double-blind intra-nasal administration of Oxytocin vs. placebo in 90 healthy adults (N=90, 50% women). As predicted, we found that among men and women for whom negative emotion (anxious arousal) is motivationally-relevant, intra-nasal administration of Oxytocin reduced behavioral avoidance of emotionally-evocative negatively-valenced social and non-social stimuli, but not closely matched emotionally-neutral stimuli. Findings cannot be explained by extant social theories of Oxytocin. We discuss the implications of the present findings for basic and translational clinical Oxytocin research. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  18. Unexpected Acceptance? Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder Manifest their Social Expectancy in ERPs During Social Feedback Processing

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cao, Jianqin; Gu, Ruolei; Bi, Xuejing; Zhu, Xiangru; Wu, Haiyan

    2015-01-01

    Previous studies on social anxiety have demonstrated negative-expectancy bias in social contexts. In this study, we used a paradigm that employed self-relevant positive or negative social feedback, in order to test whether this negative expectancy manifests in event-related potentials (ERPs) during social evaluation among socially anxious individuals. Behavioral data revealed that individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) showed more negative expectancy of peer acceptance both in the experiment and in daily life than did the healthy control participants. Regarding ERP results, we found a overally larger P2 for positive social feedback and also a group main effect, such that the P2 was smaller in SAD group. SAD participants demonstrated a larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) to positive feedback than to negative feedback. In addition, SAD participants showed a more positive ΔFRN (ΔFRN = negative – positive). Furthermore, acceptance expectancy in daily life correlated negatively with ΔFRN amplitude, while the Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS) score correlated positively with the ΔFRN amplitude. Finally, the acceptance expectancy in daily life fully mediated the relationship between the IAS and ΔFRN. These results indicated that both groups could differentiate between positive and negative social feedback in the early stage of social feedback processing (reflected on the P2). However, the SAD group exhibited a larger FRN to positive social feedback than to negative social feedback, demonstrating their dysfunction in the late stage of social feedback processing. In our opinion, such dysfunction is due to their greater negative social feedback expectancy. PMID:26635659

  19. Unexpected Acceptance? Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder Manifest their Social Expectancy in ERPs During Social Feedback Processing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cao, Jianqin; Gu, Ruolei; Bi, Xuejing; Zhu, Xiangru; Wu, Haiyan

    2015-01-01

    Previous studies on social anxiety have demonstrated negative-expectancy bias in social contexts. In this study, we used a paradigm that employed self-relevant positive or negative social feedback, in order to test whether this negative expectancy manifests in event-related potentials (ERPs) during social evaluation among socially anxious individuals. Behavioral data revealed that individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) showed more negative expectancy of peer acceptance both in the experiment and in daily life than did the healthy control participants. Regarding ERP results, we found a overally larger P2 for positive social feedback and also a group main effect, such that the P2 was smaller in SAD group. SAD participants demonstrated a larger feedback-related negativity (FRN) to positive feedback than to negative feedback. In addition, SAD participants showed a more positive ΔFRN (ΔFRN = negative - positive). Furthermore, acceptance expectancy in daily life correlated negatively with ΔFRN amplitude, while the Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS) score correlated positively with the ΔFRN amplitude. Finally, the acceptance expectancy in daily life fully mediated the relationship between the IAS and ΔFRN. These results indicated that both groups could differentiate between positive and negative social feedback in the early stage of social feedback processing (reflected on the P2). However, the SAD group exhibited a larger FRN to positive social feedback than to negative social feedback, demonstrating their dysfunction in the late stage of social feedback processing. In our opinion, such dysfunction is due to their greater negative social feedback expectancy.

  20. Unexpected acceptance? Patients with social anxiety disorder manifest their social expectancy in ERPs during social feedback processing

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jianqin eCao

    2015-11-01

    Full Text Available Previous studies on social anxiety have demonstrated negative-expectancy bias in social contexts. In this study, we used a paradigm that employed self-relevant positive or negative social feedback, in order to test whether this negative expectancy manifests in event-related potentials (ERPs during social evaluation among socially anxious individuals. Behavioral data revealed that individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD showed more negative expectancy of peer acceptance both in the experiment and in daily life than did the healthy control (HC participants. Regarding ERP results, we found a overally larger P2 for positive social feedback and also a group main effect, such that the P2 was smaller in SAD group. SAD participants demonstrated a larger FRN to positive feedback than to negative feedback. In addition, SAD participants showed a more positive △FRN (△FRN = negative - positive. Furthermore, acceptance expectancy in daily life correlated negatively with △FRN amplitude, while the Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS score correlated positively with the △FRN amplitude. Finally, the acceptance expectancy in daily life fully mediated the relationship between the IAS and △FRN. These results indicated that both groups could differentiate between positive and negative social feedback in the early stage of social feedback processing (reflected on the P2. However, the SAD group exhibited a larger FRN to positive social feedback than to negative social feedback, demonstrating their dysfunction in the late stage of social feedback processing. In our opinion, such dysfunction is due to their greater negative social feedback expectancy.

  1. Connecting Corporate and Consumer Social Responsibility Through Social Media Activism

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Kampf, Constance Elizabeth

    2018-01-01

    To highlight aspects of activism obscured by a focus on legitimacy and ideology, this paper argues that shifting focus from legitimacy and ideology to identity, problem-solving & dialogue is needed to understand emerging forms of Social Media Native Activism that connect Consumer Social...... Responsibility (CnSR) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Taking this view as a basis for social activism offers a valuable perspective for understanding some emergent forms of social media activism towards business. Two cases of social media ‘native’ social activist organizations working to create...... movements are examined from this problem solving & dialogue-based perspective—Carrotmob, and the Good Guide. These cases represent examples of a post-dialectic frame for understanding how social media can affect approaches to activism....

  2. Social class, sense of control, and social explanation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kraus, Michael W; Piff, Paul K; Keltner, Dacher

    2009-12-01

    Lower social class is associated with diminished resources and perceived subordinate rank. On the basis of this analysis, the authors predicted that social class would be closely associated with a reduced sense of personal control and that this association would explain why lower class individuals favor contextual over dispositional explanations of social events. Across 4 studies, lower social class individuals, as measured by subjective socioeconomic status (SES), endorsed contextual explanations of economic trends, broad social outcomes, and emotion. Across studies, the sense of control mediated the relation between subjective SES and contextual explanations, and this association was independent of objective SES, ethnicity, political ideology, and self-serving biases. Finally, experimentally inducing a higher sense of control attenuated the tendency for lower subjective SES individuals to make more contextual explanations (Study 4). Implications for future research on social class as well as theoretical distinctions between objective SES and subjective SES are discussed.

  3. Psicologia social

    OpenAIRE

    José Marques

    2000-01-01

    El treball comença explicant què és la psicologia social, condició indispensable per poder veure, a continuació, la relació que hi ha entre la sociolingüística i la psicologia social. Limitem a sis els factors analitzats: els factors socials que influeixen en l'aprenentatge de llengües; la identitat social i l'acomodació, amb una consideració de la teoria de la identitat social formulada per Tajfel; la vitalitat etnolingüística, que té un ventall de correlacions amb aspectes socio...

  4. Social Innovation Europe: Country Summary: Poland. Social Innovation in Poland

    OpenAIRE

    Klimczuk, Andrzej

    2015-01-01

    The history of social innovation in country, challenges being addressed by social innovation. the key actors, who is promoting social innovation. A few of the key projects that illustrate social innovation.

  5. Predicting the Trends of Social Events on Chinese Social Media.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhou, Yang; Zhang, Lei; Liu, Xiaoqian; Zhang, Zhen; Bai, Shuotian; Zhu, Tingshao

    2017-09-01

    Growing interest in social events on social media came along with the rapid development of the Internet. Social events that occur in the "real" world can spread on social media (e.g., Sina Weibo) rapidly, which may trigger severe consequences and thus require the government's timely attention and responses. This article proposes to predict the trends of social events on Sina Weibo, which is currently the most popular social media in China. Based on the theories of social psychology and communication sciences, we extract an unprecedented amount of comprehensive and effective features that relate to the trends of social events on Chinese social media, and we construct the trends of prediction models by using three classical regression algorithms. We found that lasso regression performed better with the precision 0.78 and the recall 0.88. The results of our experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed approach.

  6. Politicising Social Entrepreneurship

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Barinaga, Ester

    2013-01-01

    Scholars in the field of social entrepreneurship are challenging the researchers to produce empirical research on the social dimension of this phenomenon. Drawing on Foucault, this paper proposes the notion of ‘social entrepreneurial rationality’ to capture the social dimension of social...... entrepreneurship. The article builds on a comparative case study of three social ventures, each adopting a different rationality to bring about change in regards to the organisation of their societies along ethnicity. The first introduces micro-finance in Sweden to address long-term unemployed women of immigrant...... of discursive and community rationality, respectively. This challenges social entrepreneurship scholars to acknowledge the political mileage of social entrepreneurial rationalities toward social change....

  7. Social Justice, Education and School Social Work in Turkey

    Science.gov (United States)

    Nadir, Ural; Aktan, Mehmet Can

    2015-01-01

    This study focuses on welfare state, social justice and school social work interaction. In this paper, these three concepts' reflections in Turkey were mentioned. Researchers aimed to discuss how school social work (which is brought to the agenda recently) is important in the provision of social justice in Turkish public service delivery. [For the…

  8. Sustained housing-type social buffering following social housing in male rats.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kiyokawa, Yasushi; Ishida, Aya; Takeuchi, Yukari; Mori, Yuji

    2016-05-01

    In social animals, recovery from the adverse effects of distressing stimuli is promoted by subsequent cohousing with a conspecific animal(s). This phenomenon has been termed housing-type social buffering. We previously found that social housing induced housing-type social buffering in fear-conditioned male rats. This buffering took the form of attenuated conditioned hyperthermia in response to an auditory conditioned stimulus (CS). Here, we assessed whether this social buffering is sustained even if the subject is housed alone after a period of social housing. When fear-conditioned subjects were housed alone during a 48-h period between conditioning and re-exposure to the auditory CS, they exhibited conditioned hyperthermia in response to the CS. However, conditioned hyperthermia was not observed when the 12-h period of social housing began 24 and 36h after conditioning during the 48-h period. This was not the case when the 12-h period of social housing began 0 and 12h after the conditioning. These results suggest that housing-type social buffering is sustained for 12h after the 12-h period of social housing. We next considered whether increasing the duration of social housing would extend the period of social buffering. We observed social buffering of conditioned hyperthermia 24 and 48, but not 96h after a 24-h period of social housing. These results suggest that social buffering was extended when the duration of social housing was increased. Taken together, our findings indicate that housing-type social buffering is sustained after a period of social housing. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  9. Social Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation : A Conceptual Distinction

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Cunha, Jorge; Benneworth, Paul Stephen; Oliveira, Pedro

    2017-01-01

    In the last two decades, a renewed interest on the concepts of social innovation and social entrepreneurship has emerged. In fact, a large body of theoretical developments that occurred in the fields of innovation, territorial development, social economics, and public governance (among others) have

  10. Social Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation : A Conceptual Distinction

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Cunha, Jorge; Benneworth, Paul Stephen; Oliveira, Pedro; Carmo Farinha, Luis M.; Ferreira, Joao J.M.; Lawton Smith, Helen; Bagchi-Sen, Sharmistha

    2015-01-01

    In the last two decades, a renewed interest on the concepts of social innovation and social entrepreneurship has emerged. In fact, a large body of theoretical developments that occurred in the fields of innovation, territorial development, social economics, and public governance (among others) have

  11. Social Exclusion Anxiety

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Søndergaard, Dorte Marie

    2017-01-01

    Social exclusion anxiety is a term which builds on a social-psychological concept of human beings as existentially dependent on social embeddedness. This entry explores the concept in relation to bullying among children, which is a widespread and serious problem in schools and institutions. Social...... exclusion anxiety and longing for belonging are both central aspects of the affects and processes that enact and challenge social groups. Social exclusion anxiety should not be confused with ‘social phobia’, which is a concept within clinical psychology that focuses on the individual and refers to a phobic...... psychological condition. Social exclusion anxiety instead points to a distributed affect which circulates and smolders in all social groups. This is the result of an ever-present risk of someone being judged unworthy to belong to, or deemed not a legitimate participant in, a social group. Such anxiety may...

  12. Social Studies Teachers’ Perceptions and Experiences of Social Justice

    OpenAIRE

    BURSA, Sercan; ERSOY, Arife Figen

    2016-01-01

    Problem Statement: Social justice addresses inequality in society, including economic inequality, global migration, racism, xenophobia, prejudice against disabled people, and class discrimination. In Turkey, social studies curriculum aims to cultivate active, democratically minded citizens who value justice, independence, peace, solidarity, tolerance, freedom, and respect and demonstrate critical thinking skills, problem solving skills, social participation, and empathy. Purpose: Since social...

  13. COPD360social Online Community: A Social Media Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stellefson, Michael; Paige, Samantha R; Alber, Julia M; Stewart, Margaret

    2018-06-01

    People living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) commonly report feelings of loneliness and social isolation due to lack of support from family, friends, and health care providers. COPD360social is an interactive and disease-specific online community and social network dedicated to connecting people living with COPD to evidence-based resources. Through free access to collaborative forums, members can explore, engage, and discuss an array of disease-related topics, such as symptom management. This social media review provides an overview of COPD360social, specifically its features that practitioners can leverage to facilitate patient-provider communication, knowledge translation, and community building. The potential of COPD360social for chronic disease self-management is maximized through community recognition programming and interactive friend-finding tools that encourage members to share their own stories through blogs and multimedia (e.g., images, videos). The platform also fosters collaborative knowledge dissemination and helping relationships among patients, family members, friends, and health care providers. Successful implementation of COPD360social has dramatically expanded patient education and self-management support resources for people affected by COPD. Practitioners should refer patients and their families to online social networks such as COPD360social to increase knowledge and awareness of evidence-based chronic disease management practices.

  14. Social Engineering hits Social Commerce

    Science.gov (United States)

    Degenhardt, Werner; Wiele, Johannes

    Looking at social commerce, a bunch of bewildering phenomena attracts the attention of social psychologists. The way customers participate today shows attitudes and ethical behavior which cannot be explained from the inherent conditions of Web 2.0 environments alone. Fraud often succeeds, when you do not expect it, and honesty can be found under circumstances that do not support honesty at all. The current situation seems to result from customers assigning experience and ethics from real world business to virtual business environments. But there are indications that this situation may change. Social commerce could suffer as soon as customers would use its inherent weaknesses to their own advantage. The following article outlines first approaches to research into this topic.

  15. Peer perceptions of social skills in socially anxious and nonanxious adolescents.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Miers, Anne C; Blöte, Anke W; Westenberg, P Michiel

    2010-01-01

    Previous studies using adult observers are inconsistent with regard to social skills deficits in nonclinical socially anxious youth. The present study investigated whether same age peers perceive a lack of social skills in the socially anxious. Twenty high and 20 low socially anxious adolescents (13-17 years old) were recorded giving a 5-min speech. Unfamiliar peer observers (12-17 years old) viewed the speech samples and rated four social skills: speech content, facial expressions, posture and body movement, and way of speaking. Peer observers perceived high socially anxious adolescents as significantly poorer than low socially anxious adolescents on all four social skills. Moreover, for all skills except facial expressions, group differences could not be attributed to adolescents' self-reported level of depression. We suggest that therapists take the perceptions of same age peers into account when assessing the social skills of socially anxious youth.

  16. Redes sociales, políticas públicas y capital social

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lluís Ballester

    2014-04-01

    Full Text Available La comunidad, o en un espacio más amplio la propia sociedad, en cualquiera de sus dimensiones, no es un espacio cerrado sin conexiones e interconexiones; más bien puede concebirse como una red de relaciones. En este sentido, desde las Ciencias Sociales ha ido creciendo el interés por el estudio de las redes sociales; esto ha permitido comprender mejor como se construyen y mantienen las relaciones sociales entre la población. Junto al concepto de redes sociales aparece también el de capital social; un recurso creado por los propios individuos que representa un poder a la hora de ocupar espacios sociales, acceder a recursos, cubrir necesidades, resolver problemas sociales, etc. La existencia de redes sociales fuertes favorece los vínculos democráticos, el nexo entre los diversos agentes e instituciones del territorio, la coordinación de las acciones colectivas y, consecuentemente, la construcción de capital social.

  17. Subjetividad social, sujeto y representaciones sociales

    OpenAIRE

    Fernando González Rey

    2008-01-01

    este trabajo discute algunos de los retos concernientes al desarrollo de representaciones sociales en la Psicología actual. Aal igual que con cualquier construcción teórica capaz de iluminar nuevos aspectos del pensamiento científico, el concepto de representaciones sociales se ha expandido a través de los autores que lo usan con diferentes bases teóricas y metodológicas. Sse introduce en la discusión sobre las alternativas actuales para el desarrollo de la representación social e...

  18. Social Network Sites, Individual Social Capital and Happiness

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    E. Arampatzi (Efstratia); M.J. Burger (Martijn); N.A. Novik (Natallia)

    2016-01-01

    textabstractCan online social contacts replace the importance of real-life social connections in our pursuit of happiness? With the growing use of social network sites (SNSs), attention has been increasingly drawn to this topic. Our study empirically examines the effect of SNS use on happiness for

  19. Will they like me? Neural and behavioral responses to social-evaluative peer feedback in socially and non-socially anxious females.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van der Molen, Melle J W; Harrewijn, Anita; Westenberg, P Michiel

    2018-03-07

    The current study examined neural and behavioral responses to social-evaluative feedback processing in social anxiety. Twenty-two non-socially and 17 socially anxious females (mean age = 19.57 years) participated in a Social Judgment Paradigm in which they received peer acceptance/rejection feedback that was either congruent or incongruent with their prior predictions. Results indicated that socially anxious participants believed they would receive less social acceptance feedback than non-socially anxious participants. EEG results demonstrated that unexpected social rejection feedback elicited a significant increase in theta (4-8 Hz) power relative to other feedback conditions. This theta response was only observed in non-socially anxious individuals. Together, results corroborate cognitive-behavioral studies demonstrating a negative expectancy bias in socially anxiety with respect to social evaluation. Furthermore, the present findings highlight a functional role for theta oscillatory dynamics in processing cues that convey social-evaluative threat, and this social threat-monitoring mechanism seems less sensitive in socially anxious females. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  20. A Scoping Review of Social Media Use in Social Work Practice.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Chan, Chitat

    2016-01-01

    The trend of using social media in social work is increasing, but research which systematically reviews and evaluates their uses in actual practice is limited. This article reviews the social work literature to identify the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media in social work practice, and identifies current gaps in the literature to provide recommendations for future social work research. Articles in 64 social work journals published between 2000 and 2014 were screened and analyzed. The included articles (n = 20) were analyzed with particular reference to their level of evidence and ways of social media use. The methodological quality of the studies in this review was low, and this was consistent with the findings of recent systematic reviews of social media use in medical healthcare. The findings initially suggested that social media can potentially contribute to various social work processes, including: service user engagement, need assessment, intervention, and program evaluation. Limitations include lack of quality control, reliability, confidentiality, and privacy. In social work, the dominant research concern in social media is more about professional ethics than their application in intervention. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

  1. [pt] Serviço Social em contexto:Politica Social e Serviço Social

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Maria Helena Nunes

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Neste artigo identificam-se algumas das tendências de mudança da sociedade contemporânea e da política social em contexto da relocalização do Estado de bem-estar, procurando compreender como essas alterações se reflectem e balizam a acção do Serviço Social. This paper identifies some of the changes in contemporary society and social policy in the context of relocation of the Welfare State. It focusses on how these changes are reflected in and impact on Social Work.

  2. Online social network sites and social capital: a case of facebook

    OpenAIRE

    Naseri, Samaneh

    2017-01-01

    The present study is a theoretical and literary review of online social network sites and their impact on social capital. In this review, the Facebook is selected as one popular and important online social networking site in the world today. To This end, first two main concepts of social capital, bridging and bonding social capital has been provided. Next, the concept of online social networks and the impact of FB on social networks are discussed.

  3. Extending the Ally Model of Social Justice to Social Work Pedagogy

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gibson, Priscilla Ann

    2014-01-01

    Social work students, regardless of their multiple social identities in oppressed and oppressor groups, are called upon to take action against social injustice. This conceptual article introduces the Ally Model of social justice and its alignment with social work values and goals and recommends it to social work educators as a pedagogical tool to…

  4. A Challenge to the Social Work Profession? The Rise of Socially Engaged Art and a Call to Radical Social Work.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Hee Chul

    2017-10-01

    In this era of neoliberalism, social work in the United States is arguably overly professionalized and privatized, and has almost lost its activists roots in working for social justice. Radical social work rooted in macro-level community-based practice has been in crisis over the past three decades. The rise of socially engaged art has become more prominent in the United States even as social work has strayed away from its basic tenets such as community practice, advocacy, and social action. How should the social work profession interpret the rise of socially engaged art-already a trend in the art world-whose modality and purpose resembles radical social work? By comparing and contrasting the similarities and differences between radical social work and socially engaged art, this article examines the possibility of consilience between the two and the implications for the social work profession. © 2017 National Association of Social Workers.

  5. Social Entrepreneurship

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, Linda Lundgaard; Hulgård, Lars

    2016-01-01

    The most striking slogans that characterize the ‘new’ discourse of social entrepreneurship have come to Denmark from the international scene, but we can nevertheless trace a significant historical equivalent in Denmark connecting the tradition for social economy to the co-operative movement...... and to decades of welfare modernisation incorporating people’s participation through cultural, political and economic objectives. In this chapter, we first give a brief introduction to social entrepreneurship and position it in relation to social enterprise. We then demonstrate its present relevance in Denmark...... through five current platforms for social entrepreneurship, showing how these are influenced both by international trends and the roots of the Danish experimental tradition. We conclude with a discussion of how social entrepreneurship appeals to fundamentally different strategies for the future of modern...

  6. Phenomenology & Sociality

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Gahrn-Andersen, Rasmus; Cowley, Stephen

    2017-01-01

    Although cognitive science has recently asked how human sociality is constituted, there is no clear and consistent account of the emergence of human style social agency. Previously, we have critiqued views based on 'participatory sense-making' by arguing that agency requires a distinctive kind...... of phenomenology that enables a diachronic social experience. In advancing the positive argument, we link developmental psychology to phenomenological insights by focusing on child-caregiver dynamics around the middle of the second year. Having developed very basic social skills, an infant comes to feel normative....... Developmental events thus transform the child's experience and drive the emergence of social agency. Once the child has successfully dealt with the environment’s normative perturbations she is able to develop the skills of a fully-fledged human social agent....

  7. Social Set Analysis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Vatrapu, Ravi; Hussain, Abid; Buus Lassen, Niels

    2015-01-01

    of Facebook or Twitter data. However, there exist no other holistic computational social science approach beyond the relational sociology and graph theory of SNA. To address this limitation, this paper presents an alternative holistic approach to Big Social Data analytics called Social Set Analysis (SSA......This paper argues that the basic premise of Social Network Analysis (SNA) -- namely that social reality is constituted by dyadic relations and that social interactions are determined by structural properties of networks-- is neither necessary nor sufficient, for Big Social Data analytics...

  8. Social Networks and Social Revolution. Evidence from Romania

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Androniciuc Andra

    2017-01-01

    No other means of communication have had such a rapid development as the Internet, a mediumthat is undoubtedly changing the rules of the political game. In this article, we take a look at theuse of social networks during social and political movements, with particular focus on the 2014,2015 and 2017 Romanian protests. We conclude that social networks alone do not instigaterevolutions, but they are valuable tools for citizens to organize free protests, recruit and trainparticipants, which can lead to further collective action and social change.

  9. Social Social Media and the Moral Development of Adolescent Pupils

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    Social Social Media and the Moral Development of Adolescent Pupils: ... this article interrogates the impact of this rapid growth of social media networks, ... Given that the abuse of Internet by adolescents and other social groups who interact ...

  10. Social proof in social media shopping: An experimental design research

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Abdul Talib Yurita Yakimin

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The practices of social proof techniques to attract consumers to shop on social media have proliferated over time and been used extensively. The reviewed literature uncovers that social community recommendation, customers’ ratings and reviews, celebrity’s endorser and numbers of likes, affect consumers’ purchasing decisions. However, the effect of different types of social proof techniques on purchasing intention is unknown. This study empirically compares the effect of number of followers, celebrity endorser and social community recommendation on consumers’ purchasing intention. An experiment has been conducted and the results reveal that the consumers’ purchasing intention differs between groups. Further analysis discovers that the impact on consumers’ purchasing intention is different between high number of followers and low number of followers, and between having social community recommendation and not having social community recommendation. Though, the impact of these two techniques is equal wherein no technique is superior to other. In order to gain purchasing engagement and boost online sales, online businesses on social media are encouraged to use the power of social proof technique, either by increasing the number of followers or providing more social community recommendations.

  11. Social anxiety and social norms in individualistic and collectivistic countries.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schreier, Sina-Simone; Heinrichs, Nina; Alden, Lynn; Rapee, Ronald M; Hofmann, Stefan G; Chen, Junwen; Oh, Kyung Ja; Bögels, Susan

    2010-12-01

    Social anxiety is assumed to be related to cultural norms across countries. Heinrichs et al. [2006: Behav Res Ther 44:1187-1197] compared individualistic and collectivistic countries and found higher social anxiety and more positive attitudes toward socially avoidant behaviors in collectivistic rather than in individualistic countries. However, the authors failed to include Latin American countries in the collectivistic group. To provide support for these earlier results within an extended sample of collectivistic countries, 478 undergraduate students from individualistic countries were compared with 388 undergraduate students from collectivistic countries (including East Asian and Latin American) via self-report of social anxiety and social vignettes assessing social norms. As expected, the results of Heinrichs et al. [2006: Behav Res Ther 44:1187-1197] were replicated for the individualistic and Asian countries, but not for Latin American countries. Latin American countries displayed the lowest social anxiety levels, whereas the collectivistic East Asian group displayed the highest. These findings indicate that while culture-mediated social norms affect social anxiety and might help to shed light on the etiology of social anxiety disorder, the dimension of individualism-collectivism may not fully capture the relevant norms. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

  12. Social anxiety and social norms in individualistic and collectivistic countries

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schreier, Sina-Simone; Heinrichs, Nina; Alden, Lynn; Rapee, Ronald M.; Hofmann, Stefan G.; Chen, Junwen; Ja Oh, Kyung; Bögels, Susan

    2010-01-01

    Background Social anxiety is assumed to be related to cultural norms across countries. Heinrichs and colleagues [1] compared individualistic and collectivistic countries and found higher social anxiety and more positive attitudes toward socially avoidant behaviors in collectivistic than in individualistic countries. However, the authors failed to include Latin American countries in the collectivistic group. Methods To provide support for these earlier results within an extended sample of collectivistic countries, 478 undergraduate students from individualistic countries were compared with 388 undergraduate students from collectivistic countries (including East Asian and Latin American) via self report of social anxiety and social vignettes assessing social norms. Results As expected, the results of Heinrichs and colleagues [1] were replicated for the individualistic and Asian countries but not for Latin American countries. Latin American countries displayed the lowest social anxiety levels, whereas the collectivistic East Asian group displayed the highest. Conclusions These findings indicate that while culture-mediated social norms affect social anxiety and might help to shed light on the etiology of social anxiety disorder, the dimension of individualism-collectivism may not fully capture the relevant norms. PMID:21049538

  13. Building social capital as a route to social inclusion?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Arp Fallov, Mia

    This paper investigates the instrumentalization of the concept of social capital in neighbourhood regeneration policies. The paper builds on material from a research project comparing neighbourhood regeneration policies in Denmark and England, and points to limitations to social capital...... to the capacities of inclusion. The first section of the paper discusses how active resident participation and the building of social capital in regeneration projects are constructed as legitimate and just means of achieving social inclusion. Furthermore, how slippages between social capital at different levels......; individual, communal and governmental becomes instrumental in these constructions. The second section of the paper discusses the national variations in relation to this route to inclusion and the different understandings of the relations between social capital and community cohesion in England and Denmark...

  14. Social entrepreneurship and the mobilization of social capital in European social enterprises

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hulgård, Lars

    2006-01-01

    Artiklen diskuterer på baggrund af en stor komparativ europæisk undersøgelse anvendelsen og produktionen af social kapital i europæiske eksempler på socialt entreprenørskab (European social enterprises)...

  15. OXTR polymorphism predicts social relationships through its effects on social temperament.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Creswell, Kasey G; Wright, Aidan G C; Troxel, Wendy M; Ferrell, Robert E; Flory, Janine D; Manuck, Stephen B

    2015-06-01

    Humans have a fundamental need for strong interpersonal bonds, yet individuals differ appreciably in their degree of social integration. That these differences are also substantially heritable has spurred interest in biological mechanisms underlying the quality and quantity of individuals' social relationships. We propose that polymorphic variation in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) associates with complex social behaviors and social network composition through intermediate effects on negative affectivity and the psychological processing of socially relevant information. We tested a hypothesized social cascade from the molecular level (OXTR variation) to the social environment, through negative affectivity and inhibited sociality, in a sample of 1295 men and women of European American (N = 1081) and African American (N = 214) ancestry. Compared to European Americans having any T allele of rs1042778, individuals homozygous for the alternate G allele reported significantly lower levels of negative affectivity and inhibited sociality, which in turn predicted significantly higher levels of social support and a larger/more diverse social network. Moreover, the effect of rs1042778 variation on social support was fully accounted for by associated differences in negative affectivity and inhibited sociality. Results replicated in the African American sample. Findings suggest that OXTR variation modulates levels of social support via proximal impacts on individual temperament. © The Author (2014). Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  16. Researching social media as if the social mattered

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Couldry, N.; van Dijck, J.

    2015-01-01

    The institutions we have come to call "media" have been involved for over a century in providing an infrastructure for social life and have invested in a quite particular and privileged way of re-presenting the world as "social." The dialectic between "media" and "social" has become more urgent to

  17. Solution of Media Risk and Social Responsibility Governance of Social Media

    OpenAIRE

    Zhang Yuan; Li Ming-De; Zhang Hong-Bang

    2017-01-01

    The rapid development of media technology makes the modern society become a “social media” or even “over social media”, the rise of social media makes it beyond the tool attribute, and become an important force in the reconstruction of contemporary society, the risk of concomitant. The anomie and breach of Social media regularly staged, weakened its positive social function, forcing us to think about the social responsibility of social media,which are reflections on the lack of responsibility...

  18. Social disadvantage and borderline personality disorder: A study of social networks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Beeney, Joseph E; Hallquist, Michael N; Clifton, Allan D; Lazarus, Sophie A; Pilkonis, Paul A

    2018-01-01

    Examining differences in social integration, social support, and relationship characteristics in social networks may be critical for understanding the character and costs of the social difficulties experienced of borderline personality disorder (BPD). We conducted an ego-based (self-reported, individual) social network analysis of 142 participants recruited from clinical and community sources. Each participant listed the 30 most significant people (called alters) in their social network, then rated each alter in terms of amount of contact, social support, attachment strength and negative interactions. In addition, measures of social integration were determined using participant's report of the connection between people in their networks. BPD was associated with poorer social support, more frequent negative interactions, and less social integration. Examination of alter-by-BPD interactions indicated that whereas participants with low BPD symptoms had close relationships with people with high centrality within their networks, participants with high BPD symptoms had their closest relationships with people less central to their networks. The results suggest that individuals with BPD are at a social disadvantage: Those with whom they are most closely linked (including romantic partners) are less socially connected (i.e., less central) within their social network. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

  19. Social Studies Education and a New Social Studies Movement

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Bulent Tarman

    2010-05-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this article is to analyze theoretically the need to improve Social Studies Education in Turkey in a pedagogical manner and on the basis of the intended contributions and goals of a New Social Studies Movement to the field.Social Studies Education is an important teaching discipline to equip individuals with the necessary knowledge, skills, values and attitudes to operate efficiently in a knowledge society.The New Social Studies movement of 1960s in the USA contributed to the development of Social Studies Education.This movement tried to establish a constructivist approach. They emphasized on the importance of an inquiry based approach, and rich and real life situation in the classrooms and skills such as critical thinking, reflective thinking, cooperation and collaboration in Social Studies Education. However, the movement diminished in a short while due to the lack of research to support their theoretically sound ideas, appropriate teaching resources for teachers and students and ill-equipped teachers while their ideas were and still are gaining impetus in many countries in the world.Social Studies Education is relatively new in Turkey. Social Studies Education in Turkey has weaknesses in terms of both in theoretically and practically. The quality of teaching resources and materials and teacher qualifications are not up-to-standards to carry out a constructivist Social Studies Education.A new movement has started in Turkey to improve Social Studies Education. This new Social Studies movement aims to do research in the field on the area, print books and teaching resource for both teachers and students, develop policies, hold academic meetings, publish high quality journals for both academics and practitioners, to create opportunities and gateways for networking. This article critically argues the proposed contribution of the new Social Studies movement to the field in Turkey drawing upon the experiences of the movement of 1960s in

  20. Social inheritance can explain the structure of animal social networks

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ilany, Amiyaal; Akçay, Erol

    2016-01-01

    The social network structure of animal populations has major implications for survival, reproductive success, sexual selection and pathogen transmission of individuals. But as of yet, no general theory of social network structure exists that can explain the diversity of social networks observed in nature, and serve as a null model for detecting species and population-specific factors. Here we propose a simple and generally applicable model of social network structure. We consider the emergence of network structure as a result of social inheritance, in which newborns are likely to bond with maternal contacts, and via forming bonds randomly. We compare model output with data from several species, showing that it can generate networks with properties such as those observed in real social systems. Our model demonstrates that important observed properties of social networks, including heritability of network position or assortative associations, can be understood as consequences of social inheritance. PMID:27352101

  1. Social identity framing: Leader communication for social change

    Science.gov (United States)

    Seyranian, Viviane

    Social identity framing (SIF) delineates a process of intergroup communication that leaders may engage in to promote a vision of social change. As a step towards social change, social identity may need to be altered to accommodate a new view of the group, its collective goals, and its place alongside other groups. Thus, social identity content may be deconstructed and reconstructed by the leader en route to change. SIF suggests that this may be achieved through a series of 16 communication tactics, which are largely derived from previous research (Seyranian & Bligh, 2008). This research used an experimental design to test the effectiveness of three SIF communication tactics - inclusion, similarity to followers, and positive social identity - on a number of follower outcomes. Students ( N=246) were randomly assigned to read one of eight possible speeches promoting renewable energy on campus that was ostensibly from a student leader. The speeches were varied to include or exclude the three communication tactics. Following the speech, participants completed a dependent measures questionnaire. Results indicated that similarity to followers and positive social identity did not affect follower outcomes. However, students exposed to inclusion were more likely to indicate that renewable energy was ingroup normative; intend to engage in collective action to bring renewable energy to campus; experience positive emotional reactions towards change; feel more confident about the possibility of change; and to view the leader more positively. The combination of inclusion and positive social identity increased perceptions of charismatic leadership. Perceived leader prototypicality and cognitive elaboration of the leader's message resulted in more favorable attitudes towards renewable energy. Perceived leader prototypicality was also directly related to social identification, environmental values, ingroup injunctive norms, and self-stereotypes. Overall, these results support SIF

  2. Social preferences

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Gulløv, Eva

    2014-01-01

    The focus of this article is social divisions among preschool children in daycare centers. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in three daycare centers in Denmark, the analysis concerns young children’s social preferences. The ethnographic material shows that despite an explicit political ambition...... of daycares as means for social and cultural integration, lines of division do exist amongst the children. Such divisions are established in the daily interactions of the daycare, but they also reflect those of the broader society. With a focus on children’s interactions and social preferences, the material...... indicates that children’s choices of playmates run along lines of ethnic and class divisions. The article will address this pattern and analyze its causes in order to understand why such lines of divisions are to be found in an institutional context designed to overcome social inequality and prevent social...

  3. A broader perspective of gender socialization across four social institutions

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    A. COMAN

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available Gender socialization is key for understanding how genderrelated attitudes become internalized. This paper sheds lights into the gender socialization process and how it is reflected across the four traditional social institutions of family, church, school and mass-media. It advances the argument that gender stereotypes which continue to be enforced across centuries are power-driven social representations for limiting women’ access rights across all social institutions.

  4. Social arv

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Ploug, Niels

    Formålet med forskningsprogrammet om social arv har været at bidrage med ny viden om forhold, der har afgørende betydning for de sociale forskelle i Danmark. Denne sammenfatning giver et overblik over de væsentligste resultater fra undersøgelserne af den sociale arv set i et livsløbsperspektiv og...... på den sociale arv i forbindelse med daginstitutioner, skole og uddannelse samt sundhed. Det ser ud til, at de kulturelle forhold – forstået som den påvirkning der finder sted mellem mennesker i deres løbende omgang med hinanden – spiller en betydelig rolle i forklaringen af sociale forskelle...

  5. Digital Media Use and Social Engagement: How Social Media and Smartphone Use Influence Social Activities of College Students.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kim, Yonghwan; Wang, Yuan; Oh, Jeyoung

    2016-04-01

    Social media and mobile phones have emerged as important platforms for college students' communication activities. This study examined how college students' psychological need to belong is associated with their use of social media and smartphones. In addition, it further investigated the effects of college students' digital media use on their social engagement. Findings revealed that students' need to belong was positively related with their use of social media and smartphones, which could further facilitate their social engagement. Moreover, the relationship between the need to belong and social engagement was mediated by college students' digital media use. This study offers empirical evidence of the positive effects of digital media on social behaviors and contributed to further understanding about the mechanisms by which need to belong leads to social engagement through digital media use.

  6. Social Motor Synchronization: Insights for Understanding Social Behavior in Autism.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fitzpatrick, Paula; Romero, Veronica; Amaral, Joseph L; Duncan, Amie; Barnard, Holly; Richardson, Michael J; Schmidt, R C

    2017-07-01

    Impairments in social interaction and communication are critical features of ASD but the underlying processes are poorly understood. An under-explored area is the social motor synchronization that happens when we coordinate our bodies with others. Here, we explored the relationships between dynamical measures of social motor synchronization and assessments of ASD traits. We found (a) spontaneous social motor synchronization was associated with responding to joint attention, cooperation, and theory of mind while intentional social motor synchronization was associated with initiating joint attention and theory of mind; and (b) social motor synchronization was associated with ASD severity but not fully explained by motor problems. Findings suggest that objective measures of social motor synchronization may provide insights into understanding ASD traits.

  7. Understanding Social Entrepreneurship

    Science.gov (United States)

    Harding, Rebecca

    2007-01-01

    The importance of social entrepreneurship in social, cultural and economic terms is increasingly acknowledged. Drawing on data from the second Social Entrepreneurship Monitor report published by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) UK project, this article focuses on the social entrepreneurs who may grow the social enterprises of the future.…

  8. HIV/AIDS, social capital, and online social networks.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Drushel, Bruce E

    2013-01-01

    The prospects for online social networks as sites of information-gathering and affiliation for persons with AIDS and others concerned about HIV/AIDS not only represent the latest development in a trend toward circumventing traditional media and official information sources, but also may offer hope for a revitalization of HIV/AIDS discourse in the public sphere. This article provides an overview of three decades of information-seeking on the pandemic and its social and personal implications, as well as case studies of three examples of social networking surrounding HIV/AIDS. It finds preliminary evidence of the formation of strong and weak ties as described in Social Network Theory and suggests that the online accumulation of social capital by opinion leaders could facilitate dissemination of messages on HIV/AIDS awareness and testing.

  9. Social Media Use as Urban Acupuncture for Empowering Socially Challenged Communities

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Messeter, Jörn

    2015-01-01

    counteract negative influences in the community, e.g., drug abuse and gangsterism. Interviews with staff and participants reveal that use of social media in the context of a socially challenged community results in social media use, and connections between online and offline activities, that stands...... in contrast to earlier social media research. These differences may inform design and social innovation for disruptive interaction to address negative influences, such as drugs and gangsterism, in socially challenged communities.......This article explores potential roles of social media in community empowerment, based on a study of a non-profit NGO in a socially challenged suburb of Cape Town, South Africa. In particular, it focuses on the relation between on-line and off-line behavior, and how the use of social media can...

  10. Not self-focused attention but negative beliefs affect poor social performance in social anxiety : An investigation of pathways in the social anxiety-social rejection relationship

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Voncken, Marisol J.; Dijk, Corine; de Jong, Peter J.; Roelofs, Jeffrey

    2010-01-01

    Patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) not only fear negative evaluation but are indeed less likeable than people without SAD. Previous research shows social performance to mediate this social anxiety-social rejection relationship. This study studied two pathways hypothesized to lead to poor

  11. Not self-focused attention but negative beliefs affect poor social performance in social anxiety: an investigation of pathways in the social anxiety - social rejection relationship

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Voncken, M.J.; Dijk, C.; de Jong, P.J.; Roelofs, J.

    2010-01-01

    Patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) not only fear negative evaluation but are indeed less likeable than people without SAD. Previous research shows social performance to mediate this social anxiety-social rejection relationship. This study studied two pathways hypothesized to lead to poor

  12. Social Trust, Social Partner Time and Television Time

    Science.gov (United States)

    Patulny, Roger

    2011-01-01

    Social trust is an important phenomenon, but the influence of important time-based measures upon trust has not been examined. Such measures include social contact and anti-social activity, such as television watching, which allows for the co-presence of other people. This paper reports on associations between trust and weighted means of co-present…

  13. Perceived and actual social discrimination: the case of overweight and social inclusion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hartung, Freda-Marie; Renner, Britta

    2013-01-01

    The present study examined the correspondence between perceived and actual social discrimination of overweight people. In total, 77 first-year students provided self-ratings about their height, weight, and perceived social inclusion. To capture actual social inclusion, each participant nominated those fellow students (a) she/he likes and dislikes and (b) about whom she/he is likely to hear social news. Students with lower Body Mass Index (BMI) felt socially included, irrespective of their actual social inclusion. In contrast, students with higher BMI felt socially included depending on the degree of their actual social inclusion. Specifically, their felt social inclusion accurately reflected whether they were actually liked/disliked, but only when they were part of social news. When not part of social news, they also showed insensitivity to their actual social inclusion status. Thus, students with a lower BMI tended to be insensitive, while students with a higher BMI showed a differential sensitivity to actual social discrimination.

  14. Perceived and actual social discrimination: The case of overweight and social inclusion

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Freda-Marie eHartung

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available The present study examined the correspondence between perceived and actual social discrimination of overweight people. In total, 77 first-year students provided self-ratings about their height, weight, and perceived social inclusion. To capture actual social inclusion, each participant nominated those fellow students a she/he likes and dislikes and b about whom she/he is likely to hear social news. Students with lower BMI felt socially included, irrespective of their actual social inclusion. In contrast, students with higher BMI felt socially included depending on the degree of their actual social inclusion. Specifically, their felt social inclusion accurately reflected whether they were actually liked/disliked, but only when they were part of social news. When not part of social news, they also showed insensitivity to their actual social inclusion status. Thus, students with a lower BMI tended to be insensitive, while students with a higher BMI showed a differential sensitivity to actual social discrimination.

  15. Social media as a social virtual laboratory

    OpenAIRE

    Granchak, Tetiana

    2015-01-01

    Deals with the potential of social networks for civil society, including its economic foundation, grounded social networking opportunities for a political pressure, realization and protection of individual and group interests.

  16. Social multimedia signals a signal processing approach to social network phenomena

    CERN Document Server

    Roy, Suman Deb

    2014-01-01

    This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the state-of-the-art in understanding media popularity and trends in online social networks through social multimedia signals. With insights from the study of popularity and sharing patterns of online media, trend spread in social media, social network analysis for multimedia and visualizing diffusion of media in online social networks. In particular, the book will address the following important issues: Understanding social network phenomena from a signal processing point of view; The existence and popularity of multimedia as shared and social me

  17. The role of social networking sites in early adolescents’ social life

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Antheunis, M.L.; Schouten, A.P.; Krahmer, E.J.

    2016-01-01

    The aim of this study was to examine the role of social networking sites (SNSs) in early adolescents’ social lives. First, we investigated the relation between SNS use and several aspects of early adolescents’ social lives (i.e., friendship quality, bridging social capital, and bonding social

  18. Detecting Corporate Social Media Crises on Facebook Using Social Set Analysis

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Mukkamala, Raghava Rao; Iskou Sørensen, Jannie; Hussain, Abid

    2015-01-01

    social media crises using social set analysis-an approach to computational social based on associational sociology and set theory. Based on a conceptual and formal model of social data, we conduct social set analysis of the facebook wall data of four diferent Danish companies. Findings show...

  19. The social service as part of social protection: sociology management aspect

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    I. V. Meschan

    2015-06-01

    The main directions of improving the management of social maintenances on the basis of sociology and management approach, improve the regulatory framework; Approval social standards; introduce a mechanism of social order as a form of cross­sector partnership for social development of the social services.

  20. Social Drinking on Social Media: Content Analysis of the Social Aspects of Alcohol-Related Posts on Facebook and Instagram.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hendriks, Hanneke; Van den Putte, Bas; Gebhardt, Winifred A; Moreno, Megan A

    2018-06-22

    Alcohol is often consumed in social contexts. An emerging social context in which alcohol is becoming increasingly apparent is social media. More and more young people display alcohol-related posts on social networking sites such as Facebook and Instagram. Considering the importance of the social aspects of alcohol consumption and social media use, this study investigated the social content of alcohol posts (ie, the evaluative social context and presence of people) and social processes (ie, the posting of and reactions to posts) involved with alcohol posts on social networking sites. Participants (N=192; mean age 20.64, SD 4.68 years, 132 women and 54 men) gave researchers access to their Facebook and/or Instagram profiles, and an extensive content analysis of these profiles was conducted. Coders were trained and then coded all screenshotted timelines in terms of evaluative social context, presence of people, and reactions to post. Alcohol posts of youth frequently depict alcohol in a positive social context (425/438, 97.0%) and display people holding drinks (277/412, 67.2%). In addition, alcohol posts were more often placed on participants' timelines by others (tagging; 238/439, 54.2%) than posted by participants themselves (201/439, 45.8%). Furthermore, it was revealed that such social posts received more likes (mean 35.50, SD 26.39) and comments than nonsocial posts (no people visible; mean 10.34, SD 13.19, P<.001). In terms of content and processes, alcohol posts on social media are social in nature and a part of young people's everyday social lives. Interventions aiming to decrease alcohol posts should therefore focus on the broad social context of individuals in which posting about alcohol takes place. Potential intervention strategies could involve making young people aware that when they post about social gatherings in which alcohol is visible and tag others, it may have unintended negative consequences and should be avoided. ©Hanneke Hendriks, Bas Van den

  1. Social Skills in Children Adopted from Socially-Emotionally Depriving Institutions

    OpenAIRE

    Julian, Megan M.; McCall, Robert B.

    2015-01-01

    This study assessed social skills in post-institutionalized (PI) children with respect to age-at-adoption, age-at-assessment, and gender. Parent ratings of social skills (Social Skills Rating System) and behavior problems (Child Behavior Checklist) were obtained for 214 children and 127 adolescents who were adopted from socially-emotionally depriving Russian institutions. Results showed that children adopted before 18 months of age have better social skills than those adopted after this age; ...

  2. Behavioral evidence for differences in social and non-social category learning

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Lucile eGamond

    2012-08-01

    Full Text Available When meeting someone for the very first time one spontaneously categorizes the seen person on the basis of his/her appearance. Categorization is based on the association between some physical features and category labels that can be social (character trait… or non-social (tall, thin. Surprisingly little is known about how such associations are formed, particularly in the social domain. Here, we aimed at testing whether social and non-social category learning may be dissociated. We presented subjects with a large number of faces that had to be rated according to social or non-social labels, and induced an association between a facial feature (inter-eye distance and the category labels using two different procedures. In a first experiment, we used a feedback procedure to reinforce the association; behavioral measures revealed an association between the physical feature manipulated and abstract non-social categories, while no evidence for an association with social labels could be found. In a second experiment, we used passive exposure to the association between physical features and labels; we obtained behavioral evidence for learning of both social and non-social categories. These results support the view of the specificity of social category learning; they suggest that social categories are best acquired through unsupervised procedures that can be considered as a simplified proxy for group transmission.

  3. Social networks, social satisfaction and place attachment in the neighborhood

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Weijs - Perrée, M.; van den Berg, P.E.W.; Arentze, T.A.; Kemperman, A.D.A.M.

    2017-01-01

    Feeling socially integrated and being satisfied with one’s social life are important indicators for happiness and well-being of individuals and for the strength of local communities. The effect of the living environment on social networks and the importance of local social contacts in the

  4. Do Social Rights Affect Social Outcomes?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Bjørnskov, Christian; Mchangama, Jacob

    While the United Nations and NGOs are pushing for global judicialization of economic, social and cultural rights (ESCRs), little is known of their consequences. We provide evidence of the effects of introducing three types of ESCRs into the constitution: the rights to education, health and social...

  5. Behavioral and social cognitive processes in preschool children's social dominance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pellegrini, Anthony D; Van Ryzin, Mark J; Roseth, Cary; Bohn-Gettler, Catherine; Dupuis, Danielle; Hickey, Meghan; Peshkam, Annie

    2011-01-01

    This longitudinal, naturalistic study addressed behavioral and social cognitive processes implicated in preschool children's social dominance. In the first objective, we examined the degree to which peer aggression, affiliation, and postaggression reconciliation predicted social dominance across a school year. Consistent with predictions, all three predicted dominance early in the year while only affiliation predicted dominance later in the year, suggesting that aggression, affiliation, and reconciliation were used to establish social dominance where affiliation was used to maintain it. In the second, exploratory, objective we tested the relative importance of social dominance and reconciliation (the Machiavellian and Vygotskian intelligence hypotheses, respectively) in predicting theory of mind/false belief. Results indicated that social dominance accounted for significant variance, beyond that related to reconciliation and affiliation, in predicting theory of mind/false belief status. Results are discussed in terms of specific behavioral and social cognitive processes employed in establishing and maintaining social dominance. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

  6. Dilemmas in providing resilience-enhancing social services to long-term social assistance clients. A qualitative study of Swedish social workers

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Marttila Anneli

    2012-07-01

    Full Text Available Abstract Background Long-term recipients of social assistance face barriers to social and economic inclusion, and have poorer health and more limited opportunities for improving their health than many other groups in the population. During recent decades there have been changes in Swedish social policy, with cutbacks in public benefits and a re-emphasis on means-tested policies. In this context, it is important to investigate the necessary conditions for social workers to offer social assistance and services, as well as the mediating role of social workers between public policies and their clients. Swedish social services aim to promote social inclusion by strengthening the individual´s own resources. We investigated the issues that arise when providing social services to long-term social assistance clients within the framework of resilience, which focuses on the processes leading to positive functioning in adverse conditions. Methods Interviews were conducted with 23 social workers in Stockholm and analysed by qualitative content analysis. Results The main theme to emerge from the interviews concerned the constraints that the social workers faced in providing social services to social assistance clients. The first subtheme focused on dilemmas in the interaction between social workers and clients resulting from the dual role of exercising authority and supporting and building trust with clients. Working conditions of social workers also played a crucial role. The second subtheme addressed the impact of the societal context, such as labour market opportunities and coordination between authorities. Conclusions Overall, we found that social workers to a great extent tried to find individual solutions to structural problems. To provide resilience-enhancing social services to long-term social assistance clients with varying obstacles and needs requires a constructive working environment, supportive societal structures and inter-sectoral cooperation

  7. Dilemmas in providing resilience-enhancing social services to long-term social assistance clients. A qualitative study of Swedish social workers.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Marttila, Anneli; Johansson, Eva; Whitehead, Margaret; Burström, Bo

    2012-07-12

    Long-term recipients of social assistance face barriers to social and economic inclusion, and have poorer health and more limited opportunities for improving their health than many other groups in the population. During recent decades there have been changes in Swedish social policy, with cutbacks in public benefits and a re-emphasis on means-tested policies. In this context, it is important to investigate the necessary conditions for social workers to offer social assistance and services, as well as the mediating role of social workers between public policies and their clients. Swedish social services aim to promote social inclusion by strengthening the individual's own resources. We investigated the issues that arise when providing social services to long-term social assistance clients within the framework of resilience, which focuses on the processes leading to positive functioning in adverse conditions. Interviews were conducted with 23 social workers in Stockholm and analysed by qualitative content analysis. The main theme to emerge from the interviews concerned the constraints that the social workers faced in providing social services to social assistance clients. The first subtheme focused on dilemmas in the interaction between social workers and clients resulting from the dual role of exercising authority and supporting and building trust with clients. Working conditions of social workers also played a crucial role. The second subtheme addressed the impact of the societal context, such as labour market opportunities and coordination between authorities. Overall, we found that social workers to a great extent tried to find individual solutions to structural problems. To provide resilience-enhancing social services to long-term social assistance clients with varying obstacles and needs requires a constructive working environment, supportive societal structures and inter-sectoral cooperation between different authorities.

  8. Social Work Education and Global Issues: Implications for Social Work Practice

    Science.gov (United States)

    Edwards, Beverly L.

    2011-01-01

    If social workers are to become more effectively involved in international organizations and global issues, the international dimension of social work education must be strengthened. Educational programs for social workers around the world give only limited attention to social issues that extend beyond national boundaries. Schools of social work…

  9. Personality Traits and Social Media Use in 20 Countries: How Personality Relates to Frequency of Social Media Use, Social Media News Use, and Social Media Use for Social Interaction.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Gil de Zúñiga, Homero; Diehl, Trevor; Huber, Brigitte; Liu, James

    2017-09-01

    This study examines the relationship between peoples' personality traits and social media uses with data from 20 societies (N = 21,314). A measure of the "Big Five" personality traits is tested on key social media dimensions: frequency of use, social interaction, and news consumption. Across diverse societies, findings suggest that while extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness are all positive predictors of different types of social media use, emotional stability and openness are negatively related to them.

  10. Toward a Psychology of Social Change: A Typology of Social Change

    Science.gov (United States)

    de la Sablonnière, Roxane

    2017-01-01

    Millions of people worldwide are affected by dramatic social change (DSC). While sociological theory aims to understand its precipitants, the psychological consequences remain poorly understood. A large-scale literature review pointed to the desperate need for a typology of social change that might guide theory and research toward a better understanding of the psychology of social change. Over 5,000 abstracts from peer-reviewed articles were assessed from sociological and psychological publications. Based on stringent inclusion criteria, a final 325 articles were used to construct a novel, multi-level typology designed to conceptualize and categorize social change in terms of its psychological threat to psychological well-being. The typology of social change includes four social contexts: Stability, Inertia, Incremental Social Change and, finally, DSC. Four characteristics of DSC were further identified: the pace of social change, rupture to the social structure, rupture to the normative structure, and the level of threat to one's cultural identity. A theoretical model that links the characteristics of social change together and with the social contexts is also suggested. The typology of social change as well as our theoretical proposition may serve as a foundation for future investigations and increase our understanding of the psychologically adaptive mechanisms used in the wake of DSC. PMID:28400739

  11. Toward a Psychology of Social Change: A Typology of Social Change.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de la Sablonnière, Roxane

    2017-01-01

    Millions of people worldwide are affected by dramatic social change (DSC). While sociological theory aims to understand its precipitants, the psychological consequences remain poorly understood. A large-scale literature review pointed to the desperate need for a typology of social change that might guide theory and research toward a better understanding of the psychology of social change. Over 5,000 abstracts from peer-reviewed articles were assessed from sociological and psychological publications. Based on stringent inclusion criteria, a final 325 articles were used to construct a novel, multi-level typology designed to conceptualize and categorize social change in terms of its psychological threat to psychological well-being. The typology of social change includes four social contexts: Stability, Inertia, Incremental Social Change and, finally, DSC. Four characteristics of DSC were further identified: the pace of social change, rupture to the social structure, rupture to the normative structure, and the level of threat to one's cultural identity. A theoretical model that links the characteristics of social change together and with the social contexts is also suggested. The typology of social change as well as our theoretical proposition may serve as a foundation for future investigations and increase our understanding of the psychologically adaptive mechanisms used in the wake of DSC.

  12. Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives Addressing Social Exclusion in Bangladesh

    Science.gov (United States)

    2009-01-01

    The private sector is often seen as a driver of exclusionary processes rather than a partner in improving the health and welfare of socially-excluded populations. However, private-sector initiatives and partnerships—collectively labelled corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives—may be able to positively impact social status, earning potential, and access to services and resources for socially-excluded populations. This paper presents case studies of CSR projects in Bangladesh that are designed to reduce social exclusion among marginalized populations and explores whether CSR initiatives can increase economic and social capabilities to reduce exclusion. The examples provide snapshots of projects that (a) increase job-skills and employment opportunities for women, disabled women, and rehabilitated drug-users and (b) provide healthcare services to female workers and their communities. The CSR case studies cover a limited number of people but characteristics and practices replicable and scaleable across different industries, countries, and populations are identified. Common success factors from the case studies form the basis for recommendations to design and implement more CSR initiatives targeting socially-excluded groups. The analysis found that CSR has potential for positive and lasting impact on developing countries, especifically on socially-excluded populations. However, there is a need for additional monitoring and critical evaluation. PMID:19761088

  13. Corporate social responsibility initiatives addressing social exclusion in Bangladesh.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Werner, Wendy J

    2009-08-01

    The private sector is often seen as a driver of exclusionary processes rather than a partner in improving the health and welfare of socially-excluded populations. However, private-sector initiatives and partnerships- collectively labelled corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives-may be able to positively impact social status, earning potential, and access to services and resources for socially-excluded populations. This paper presents case studies of CSR projects in Bangladesh that are designed to reduce social exclusion among marginalized populations and explores whether CSR initiatives can increase economic and social capabilities to reduce exclusion. The examples provide snapshots of projects that (a) increase job-skills and employment opportunities for women, disabled women, and rehabilitated drug-users and (b) provide healthcare services to female workers and their communities. The CSR case studies cover a limited number of people but characteristics and practices replicable and scaleable across different industries, countries, and populations are identified. Common success factors from the case studies form the basis for recommendations to design and implement more CSR initiatives targeting socially-excluded groups. The analysis found that CSR has potential for positive and lasting impact on developing countries, especifically on socially-excluded populations. However, there is a need for additional monitoring and critical evaluation.

  14. Elecciones, Jóvenes y Política

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anna María Fernández Poncela

    1999-01-01

    Full Text Available Este texto muestra el papel de la juventud en un posible cambio político, especialmente en el espacio elec toral. Se centra, en concreto, en la postura político - elec toral de los jóvenes en nuestros días y de cara al fu turo cercano; por una parte, comparada con otros grupos de edad; por otra, específicamente en tre los universitarios, y finalmente intentando vislumbrar los escenarios del porvenir al respecto. Para ello se emplearán datos de una encuesta nacional, encuestas universitarias y sondeos de opinión en torno a la convocatoria de 1997, sobre todo en los resultados de las preguntas sobre la simpatía política y preferencias electorales, a quiénes se votó y a quiénes se votará.

  15. Teaching Note--Incorporating Social Innovation Content into Macro Social Work Education

    Science.gov (United States)

    Pitt-Catsouphes, Marcie; Cosner Berzin, Stephanie

    2015-01-01

    The practice of social innovation offers promising approaches for addressing social issues. Although many social innovation strategies are congruent with macro social work theory and practice, some of the insights and tactics that have emerged in the social innovation field have the potential to strengthen current macro practice. Based on our…

  16. Social Economy: the Potential and Challenges of Social Enterprises in Lithuania

    OpenAIRE

    GREBLIKAITE, JOLITA; GERULAITIENE, NERINGA; ZIUKAITE, ZIVILE; GARCIA-MACHADO, JUAN J.

    2017-01-01

    The paper analyses the peculiarieties of social economy, focusing the scientific attention to social enterprises and their environment in EU and, especially, Lithuania. The research problem of the paper lays upon revealing the situation and development of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises in EU and Lithuania, especially emphasizing rural areas and their peculiarities. The aim of the paper is to disclose the role of social economy and the importance of social enterprises in it, es...

  17. Social carry-over effects on non-social behavioral variation: mechanisms and consequences

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Petri Toivo Niemelä

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available The field of animal personality is interested in decomposing behaviors into different levels of variation, with its present focus on the ecological and evolutionary causes and consequences of expressed variation. Recently the role of the social environment, i.e. social partners, has been suggested to affect behavioral variation and induce selection on animal personality. Social partner effects exist because characters of social partners (e.g. size, behavior, affect the behavioral expression of a focal individual. Here, we 1 first review the proximate mechanisms underlying the social partner effects on behavioral expression and the timescales at which such effects might take place. We then 2 discuss how within- and among-individual variation in single behaviors and covariation between multiple behaviors, caused by social partners, can carry-over to non-social behaviors expressed outside the social context. Finally, we 3 highlight evolutionary consequences of social carry-over effects to non-social behaviors and 4 suggest study designs and statistical approaches which can be applied to study the nature and evolutionary consequences of social carry-over effects on non-social behaviors. Understanding the proximate mechanisms underpinning the social partner effects is important since it opens a door for deeper understanding of how social environments can affect behavioral variation and covariation at multiple levels, and the evolution of non-social behaviors (i.e. exploration, activity, boldness that are affected by social interactions.

  18. Polymedia and Ethnography: Understanding the Social in Social Media

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mirca Madianou

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available In this essay I argue that social media need to be understood as part of complex environments of communicative opportunities which I conceptualize as polymedia. This approach shifts our attention from social media as discrete platforms to the ways users navigate environments of affordances in order to manage their social relationships. Ethnography emerges as the most appropriate method to capture the relational dynamics that underpin social media practices within polymedia.

  19. Social network sites: Indispensable or optional social tools?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Shklovski, Irina

    2012-01-01

    Much research has enumerated potential benefits of online social network sites. Given the pervasiveness of these sites and the numbers of people that use them daily, both re-search and media tend to make the assumption that social network sites have become indispensible to their users. Based...... on the analysis of qualitative data from users of social network sites in Russia and Kazakhstan, this paper consid-ers under what conditions social network sites can become indispensable to their users and when these technologies remain on the periphery of life despite fulfilling useful func-tions. For some...... respondents, these sites had become indis-pensable tools as they were integrated into everyday rou-tines of communicating with emotionally important and proximal contacts and were often used for coordination of offline activities. For others social network sites remained spaces where they occasionally visited...

  20. Social thermoregulation as a potential mechanism linking sociality and fitness: Barbary macaques with more social partners form larger huddles.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Campbell, Liz A D; Tkaczynski, Patrick J; Lehmann, Julia; Mouna, Mohamed; Majolo, Bonaventura

    2018-04-17

    Individuals with more or stronger social bonds experience enhanced survival and reproduction in various species, though the mechanisms mediating these effects are unclear. Social thermoregulation is a common behaviour across many species which reduces cold stress exposure, body heat loss, and homeostatic energy costs, allowing greater energetic investment in growth, reproduction, and survival, with larger aggregations providing greater benefits. If more social individuals form larger thermoregulation aggregations due to having more potential partners, this would provide a direct link between sociality and fitness. We conducted the first test of this hypothesis by studying social relationships and winter sleeping huddles in wild Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus), wherein individuals with more social partners experience greater probability of winter survival. Precipitation and low temperature increased huddle sizes, supporting previous research that huddle size influences thermoregulation and energetics. Huddling relationships were predicted by social (grooming) relationships. Individuals with more social partners therefore formed larger huddles, suggesting reduced energy expenditure and exposure to environmental stressors than less social individuals, potentially explaining how sociality affects survival in this population. This is the first evidence that social thermoregulation may be a direct proximate mechanism by which increased sociality enhances fitness, which may be widely applicable across taxa.

  1. Social cohesion and social capital: Possible implications for the common good

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Anita Cloete

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available The main objective of the article is to identify the possible implications of social cohesion and social capital for the common good. In order to reach this overarching aim the following structure will be utilised. The first part explores the conceptual understanding of socialcohesion and social capital in order to establish how these concepts are related and how they could possibly inform each other. The contextual nature of social cohesion and social capital is briefly reflected upon, with specific reference to the South African context. The contribution of religious capital in the formation of social capital is explored in the last section of the article. The article could be viewed as mainly conceptual and explorative in nature in order to draw some conclusions about the common good of social capital and social cohesion.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article contributes to the interdisciplinary discourse on social cohesion with specific reference to the role of congregations. It provides a critical reflection on the role of congregations with regard to bonding and bridging social capital. The contextual nature of social cohesion is also addressed with specific reference to South Africa.

  2. Social University Challenge: Constructing Pragmatic Graduate Competencies for Social Networking

    Science.gov (United States)

    Benson, Vladlena; Morgan, Stephanie

    2016-01-01

    With the strong acceptance of social technologies by student users, the academic applications have swiftly followed, bringing a social dimension into every area of university life. However, there have been concerns raised about the impact of social media on students. Some Universities have started including social media skills training in the…

  3. Social Enterprise, Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship in Sweden

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Persson, H. Thomas R.; Hafen, Niklas

    2014-01-01

    gradually been liberalised through the introduction of ele-ments of individual freedom of choice and decentralisation in welfare provision, a process initiated by a Centre-Right coalition during the end of the 1980s, continued by Social Democratic Govern-ments and most recently by the Centre-Right coalition....... As a result a new strain of social entrepreneurs making use of mainstream entrepreneurial logic – discovery, evaluation and exploitation of opportunities to create future goods and services – when addressing societal problems, demonstrating that it works to be both commercially oriented as well...... as ideologically driven. Sweden is no exception to this trend. However, when the President of the European Commission, José Manuel Barroso states that: “Social business can be indeed a very powerful agenda for change. To deliver better outcomes for the common good. To show that it is possible to do things more...

  4. Solution of Media Risk and Social Responsibility Governance of Social Media

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Zhang Yuan

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The rapid development of media technology makes the modern society become a “social media” or even “over social media”, the rise of social media makes it beyond the tool attribute, and become an important force in the reconstruction of contemporary society, the risk of concomitant. The anomie and breach of Social media regularly staged, weakened its positive social function, forcing us to think about the social responsibility of social media,which are reflections on the lack of responsibility, but also positive response of resolving the media risk and ask for moral strength.

  5. The Role of Social Networking Sites in Early Adolescents' Social Lives

    Science.gov (United States)

    Antheunis, Marjolijn L.; Schouten, Alexander P.; Krahmer, Emiel

    2016-01-01

    The aim of this study was to examine the role of social networking sites (SNSs) in early adolescents' social lives. First, we investigated the relation between SNS use and several aspects of early adolescents' social lives (i.e., friendship quality, bridging social capital, and bonding social capital). Second, we examined whether there are…

  6. Human social genomics.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Steven W Cole

    2014-08-01

    Full Text Available A growing literature in human social genomics has begun to analyze how everyday life circumstances influence human gene expression. Social-environmental conditions such as urbanity, low socioeconomic status, social isolation, social threat, and low or unstable social status have been found to associate with differential expression of hundreds of gene transcripts in leukocytes and diseased tissues such as metastatic cancers. In leukocytes, diverse types of social adversity evoke a common conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA characterized by increased expression of proinflammatory genes and decreased expression of genes involved in innate antiviral responses and antibody synthesis. Mechanistic analyses have mapped the neural "social signal transduction" pathways that stimulate CTRA gene expression in response to social threat and may contribute to social gradients in health. Research has also begun to analyze the functional genomics of optimal health and thriving. Two emerging opportunities now stand to revolutionize our understanding of the everyday life of the human genome: network genomics analyses examining how systems-level capabilities emerge from groups of individual socially sensitive genomes and near-real-time transcriptional biofeedback to empirically optimize individual well-being in the context of the unique genetic, geographic, historical, developmental, and social contexts that jointly shape the transcriptional realization of our innate human genomic potential for thriving.

  7. Social Entrepreneurship and the Mobilization of Social Capital in European Social Enterprises

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hulgård, Lars; Spear, Roger

    2013-01-01

    The article is originally published in Social Enterprise: At the Crossroads of Market, Public Policies and Civil Society (Marthe Nyssens, ed.)......The article is originally published in Social Enterprise: At the Crossroads of Market, Public Policies and Civil Society (Marthe Nyssens, ed.)...

  8. The Social Industry

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Christian Sandvig

    2015-04-01

    Full Text Available Historical mass media and contemporary social media are typically seen as opposites. “The culture industry” was the term used by the Frankfurt School in the 1940s to explain the emerging commercial mass media. The culture industry was portrayed as a semi-fascist apparatus of indoctrination. It selected cultural products and made them popular based on obscure determinations of economic value. In contrast, the common view of contemporary social media is that it is more democratic. Using voting algorithms and human voting, social media can finally realize widespread participation that was denied to the passive audiences of the mass media system. Social media appear to remove the bottleneck of the mass media system, allowing everyone to aspire to celebrity, or at least popularity. However, despite these appearances, social media have also now evolved into an elaborate system that selects social products and makes them popular based on obscure determinations of economic value. Social media platforms filter, censor, control, and train—and they may do so without the user’s awareness. Advances in computation now make a social media industry possible that is based on individual difference and action rather than sameness and passivity. But in other respects, the social industry resembles the culture industry: the co-option of culture has been superseded by the co-option of sociality. The word “social” may then be the biggest challenge facing those who study social media. Our task is to rescue genuine sociality from the emerging social industry.

  9. Bias or reality? : negative perceptions of ambiguous social cues, social performance and physical arousal in socially anxious youth

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Miers, Anne Claire

    2010-01-01

    This thesis deals with the negative perceptions of socially anxious youth in three different cognitive domains: (a) interpretation of ambiguous social situations, (b) self-evaluation of social skills and nervous behaviors, and (c) perception of physical arousal during social situations. It also

  10. Pro-social 50-kHz ultrasonic communication in rats: post-weaning but not post-adolescent social isolation leads to social impairments—phenotypic rescue by re-socialization

    Science.gov (United States)

    Seffer, Dominik; Rippberger, Henrike; Schwarting, Rainer K. W.; Wöhr, Markus

    2015-01-01

    Rats are highly social animals and social play during adolescence has an important role for social development, hence post-weaning social isolation is widely used to study the adverse effects of juvenile social deprivation and to induce behavioral phenotypes relevant to neuropsychiatric disorders, like schizophrenia. Communication is an important component of the rat's social behavior repertoire, with ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) serving as situation-dependent affective signals. High-frequency 50-kHz USV occur in appetitive situations and induce approach behavior, supporting the notion that they serve as social contact calls; however, post-weaning isolation effects on the behavioral changes displayed by the receiver in response to USV have yet to be studied. We therefore investigated the impact of post-weaning isolation on socio-affective information processing as assessed by means of our established 50-kHz USV radial maze playback paradigm. We showed that post-weaning social isolation specifically affected the behavioral response to playback of pro-social 50-kHz but not alarm 22-kHz USV. While group-housed rats showed the expected preference, i.e., approach, toward 50-kHz USV, the response was even stronger in short-term isolated rats (i.e., 1 day), possibly due to a higher level of social motivation. In contrast, no approach was observed in long-term isolated rats (i.e., 4 weeks). Importantly, deficits in approach were reversed by peer-mediated re-socialization and could not be observed after post-adolescent social isolation, indicating a critical period for social development during adolescence. Together, these results highlight the importance of social experience for affiliative behavior, suggesting a critical involvement of play behavior on socio-affective information processing in rats. PMID:25983681

  11. Sotanas, Escaños y sufragios. Práctica política y soportes sociales del neo-catolicismo en las provincias castellano-manchegas (1854-1868

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Inarejos Muñoz, Juan Antonio

    2008-06-01

    Full Text Available In the Spanish Constituent assembly of 1854 some previously unknown issues were raised about Church-State relations, including tolerance of worshipping and religious freedom. The clergy, whose interference in political confrontations was nothing new, placed themselves as a majority alongside one of the factions of the Moderate party, which, in a contradictory way, used the new mechanisms of political representation arisen with the representative State of the citizen (The press and Parliamentary representation to fight against liberalism. A defense of Church rights directed towards the sacralization of society was undertaken by the pulpit, the press, the parliamentary tribune and the Printing press. These represented the main lines of an analysis which wakes reference to the provinces that nowadays make up Castilla-La Mancha, where the neocatholic brend had a reasonable electoral support and relied on the ideological, numerical and organizational support provided by the Archbishopric of Toledo and the diocese of Cuenca.En las Cortes Constituyentes de 1854 se plantearon cuestiones hasta entonces inéditas en las relaciones Iglesia-Estado: tolerancia de cultos, libertad religiosa o confesionalidad del Estado. El clero, cuya injerencia en las confrontaciones políticas no era en absoluto novedosa, se posicionó de forma mayoritaria al lado de una de las fracciones del partido moderado que, contradictoriamente, utilizó los nuevos mecanismos de representación política surgidos con el Estado representativo de la ciudadanía (prensa y representación parlamentaria, para combatir el liberalismo. Desde el púlpito, la prensa, la tribuna parlamentaria y la imprenta se emprendió una defensa de los derechos de la Iglesia orientada a la sacralización de la sociedad. Constituyen los principales trazos de un análisis que toma como referente las provincias que en la actualidad constituyen Castilla-La Mancha, donde la corriente neo-católica gozó de un relativo apoyo electoral y contó con la cobertura ideológica, numérica y organizativa proporcionada por el Arzobispado de Toledo y la diócesis conquense.

  12. Religiosidade popular católica no Brasil durante a vigência do Padroado

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Mauro Dillmann

    2012-10-01

    Full Text Available Este artigo pretende realizar uma breve revisão bibliográfica sobre a religiosidade popular no Brasil, do período colonial ao final do século XIX, bem como uma rápida apreciação da historiografia produzida sobre o tema no país, destacando os diferentes enfoques e interpretações sobre as peculiaridades das manifestações populares de fé. Aborda também características atribuídas para a categoria “popular”, destacando, por fim, as irmandades religiosas como os espaços próprios e exemplares de manifestações de práticas leigas do catolicismo.

  13. Social security systems in Tanzania: Phase I Overview of social ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The paper starts by examining the concept of social security in Tanzania, showing that there are three key issues in social security which have not been adequately addressed by existing social security schemes and need immediate attention. The paper then examines the nature and forms of social security in Tanzania in a ...

  14. Social Support and Social Conflict as Predictors of Prenatal Depression

    Science.gov (United States)

    Westdahl, Claire; Milan, Stephanie; Magriples, Urania; Kershaw, Trace S.; Rising, Sharon Schindler; Ickovics, Jeannette R.

    2008-01-01

    OBJECTIVE To estimate how social support and social conflict relate to prenatal depressive symptoms and to generate a brief clinical tool to identify women at increased psychosocial risk. METHODS This is a prospective study following 1,047 pregnant women receiving care at two university-affiliated clinics from early pregnancy through 1 year postpartum. Structured interviews were conducted in the second trimester of pregnancy. Hierarchical and logistic regressions were used to examine potential direct and interactive effects of social support and conflict on prenatal depressive symptoms measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale. RESULTS Thirty-three percent of the sample reported elevated levels of depressive symptoms predicted from sociodemographic factors, social support, and social conflict. Social support and conflict had independent effects on depressive symptoms although social conflict was a stronger predictor. There was a “dose–response,” with each increase in interpersonal risk factor resulting in consequent risk for probable depression based on symptom reports (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Scale greater than or equal to 16). A composite of one social support and three conflict items were identified to be used by clinicians to identify interpersonal risk factors for depression in pregnancy. Seventy-six percent of women with a composite score of three or more high-risk responses reported depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Increased assessment of social support and social conflict by clinicians during pregnancy can identify women who could benefit from group or individual interventions to enhance supportive and reduce negative social interactions. PMID:17601908

  15. Heterogeneity in Social Dilemmas: The Case of Social Support

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Vogt, S.B.

    2007-01-01

    “Heterogeneous Social Dilemmas: The Case of Social Support” studies the level of social support between heterogeneous actors. We consider heterogeneity with respect to several individual properties: the likelihood of needing support, the costs of providing support, and the benefits from receiving

  16. Social Commerce – E-Commerce in Social Media Context

    OpenAIRE

    Linda Sau-ling LAI

    2010-01-01

    This paper aims to address the new trend of social commerce as electronic commerce leverages Web 2.0 technologies and online social media. The infusions of new technologies on the World Wide Web connect users in their homes and workplaces, thus transforming social formations and business transactions. An in-depth study of the growth and success of a social commerce site, Facebook was conducted. The investigation is finalized with a triad relational model which reflects so...

  17. Neural mechanisms linking social status and inflammatory responses to social stress.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Muscatell, Keely A; Dedovic, Katarina; Slavich, George M; Jarcho, Michael R; Breen, Elizabeth C; Bower, Julienne E; Irwin, Michael R; Eisenberger, Naomi I

    2016-06-01

    Social stratification has important implications for health and well-being, with individuals lower in standing in a hierarchy experiencing worse outcomes than those higher up the social ladder. Separate lines of past research suggest that alterations in inflammatory processes and neural responses to threat may link lower social status with poorer outcomes. This study was designed to bridge these literatures to investigate the neurocognitive mechanisms linking subjective social status and inflammation. Thirty-one participants reported their subjective social status, and underwent a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan while they were socially evaluated. Participants also provided blood samples before and after the stressor, which were analysed for changes in inflammation. Results showed that lower subjective social status was associated with greater increases in inflammation. Neuroimaging data revealed lower subjective social status was associated with greater neural activity in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) in response to negative feedback. Finally, results indicated that activation in the DMPFC in response to negative feedback mediated the relation between social status and increases in inflammatory activity. This study provides the first evidence of a neurocognitive pathway linking subjective social status and inflammation, thus furthering our understanding of how social hierarchies shape neural and physiological responses to social interactions. © The Author (2016). Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

  18. Social role of the media: Control of social reality

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Đukić Nemanja

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available Through analysis of the nature and character of media practice, the paper shows that the media are basic political instrument of manipulative social control of the democratic order. Control of social reality as a fundamental social role of the media stems from the manipulative power of the media that is based in the strategies of production and control of the symbolic potential of the society. Through the production and control of the symbolic potential of the society, the media transform symbolic power in social action or absence of social action through homogenization and activate individuals and social groups in public opinion or their dispersion and breaking off in the public. Development of manipulation, control, oppression, domination and hegemony, the media becomes a product of instrumentalist mind which contributing 'colonization of the lifeworld' and the development of modern society which on a rational way becoming totalitarian.

  19. Enterprise Social Networks

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Winkler, Till J.; Trier, Matthias

    2017-01-01

    Enterprise Social Networks (ESNs), d. h. Informationssysteme, die die Vernetzung von Mitarbeitern in Unternehmen fördern sollen, sind in verschiedenen Varianten und unter verschiedenen Bezeichnungen (etwa Enterprise Social Media, Corporate Social Software, Social Business oder Enterprise 2...

  20. Social Capital or Social Cohesion: What Matters for Subjective Well-Being?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Klein, Carlo

    2013-01-01

    The theoretical analysis of the concepts of social capital and of social cohesion shows that social capital should be considered as a micro concept whereas social cohesion, being a broader concept than social capital, is a more appropriate concept for macro analysis. Therefore, we suggest that data on the individual level should only be used to…

  1. Professional social networking.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Rowley, Robert D

    2014-12-01

    We review the current state of social communication between healthcare professionals, the role of consumer social networking, and some emerging technologies to address the gaps. In particular, the review covers (1) the current state of loose social networking for continuing medical education (CME) and other broadcast information dissemination; (2) social networking for business promotion; (3) social networking for peer collaboration, including simple communication as well as more robust data-centered collaboration around patient care; and (4) engaging patients on social platforms, including integrating consumer-originated data into the mix of healthcare data. We will see how, as the nature of healthcare delivery moves from the institution-centric way of tradition to a more social and networked ambulatory pattern that we see emerging today, the nature of health IT has also moved from enterprise-centric systems to more socially networked, cloud-based options.

  2. Social structure and indirect genetic effects: genetics of social behaviour.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schneider, Jonathan; Atallah, Jade; Levine, Joel D

    2017-05-01

    The social environment modulates gene expression, physiology, behaviour and patterns of inheritance. For more than 50 years, this concept has been investigated using approaches that include partitioning the social component out of behavioural heritability estimates, studying maternal effects on offspring, and analysing dominance hierarchies. Recent advances have formalized this 'social environment effect' by providing a more nuanced approach to the study of social influences on behaviour while recognizing evolutionary implications. Yet, in most of these formulations, the dynamics of social interactions are not accounted for. Also, the reciprocity between individual behaviour and group-level interactions has been largely ignored. Consistent with evolutionary theory, the principles of social interaction are conserved across a broad range of taxa. While noting parallels in diverse organisms, this review uses Drosophila melanogaster as a case study to revisit what is known about social interaction paradigms. We highlight the benefits of integrating the history and pattern of interactions among individuals for dissecting molecular mechanisms that underlie social modulation of behaviour. © 2016 The Authors. Biological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Cambridge Philosophical Society.

  3. SOCIAL ECONOMY EFFICIENCY

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Florina Oana Virlanuta

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available The social economy combines profitability with social inclusion. Social innovation is the first step in the creation of a social enterprise. Social economy development is a process underway, innovative in terms of relating the individual to the production processes, the concept of citizenship, production areas and modalities. The concern for sustainable development, analysis of economic and financial crisis, the issue of the relationship between the individual and the production process open up many opportunities for development that can influence public policies on employment and social cohesion.

  4. Political Socialization.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Himmelweit, Hilde T.

    1983-01-01

    Described are two longitudinal studies, one British, the other American, which examined the influences of varied socializing agents--e.g., family, school, peer groups--on voting behavior. The studies emphasized the hitherto unappreciated importance of the political, social, and economic climate of society and its changes on socialization. (CS)

  5. The Social Commerce System

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dubovyk Tetiana V.

    2017-03-01

    Full Text Available The social commerce is a relatively new phenomenon, found in the little researched direction of trade. Research results by the authors have provided to systematize the views on the concept of «social commerce», characterize the social commerce system, propose measures to develop a social commerce strategy. The authors have defined the social commerce as expansion of e-commerce in the social networks on the Internet, in which social factors are significant, and consumers use the right to create content through the media via forums, ratings, reviews, and recommendations on different platforms. Enterprises are advised to use social tools to perform social interaction with consumers in social networks, create a social climate in view of the social support on the Web. The authors have proposed the concept of «social commerce system», structure of which contains the following elements: individuality of consumer, social communications, social communities, e-commerce; defined the multidimensional attributes that are naturally associated with all four elements of the social commerce. They cover the quality of information, system quality, quality of service, convenience and ease-of-use, payment mechanism.

  6. Measuring Social Capital in Virtual Social Networks; Introducing Workable Indices

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Hamid Abdollahian

    2013-12-01

    Full Text Available This paper will attempt to offer a set of indicators that together construct a model which will help to measure social capital among users of social networks. The world is now experiencing some new changes that are affecting conceptual equations in social sciences, two of which are of our concern here: 1- the concept of social capital that has opened its way into epistemological basis of social sciences, and; 2- the world has welcomed the birth and development of social networks in our daily life, affecting many aspects of social actions. There is Facebook from among a handful of social networks that has reached the threshold of international networking capacity with roughly one billion users. We will use Robert Putnam's theory of social capital alongside Frank's methodological innovation regarding measuring tools of social capital in order to create a marriage between these two as well as to address a yet more problematizing issue, i.e., how to measure social capital of the Facebook users. Accordingly the paper will focus on Facebook as the field of research and will introduce triangulation approach that we used in order to come up with the set of indicators. Participatory observation and online survey were used as constructing elements of triangulation approach so to generate the necessary data for the above purpose. At first, we used participatory observation through which 14 targeted samples were selected and whatever they had in their profile in Facebook were collected and analyzed. This analysis helped us to construct our questionnaire which was launched through Google docs. In the end, some 218 respondent returned their completed questionnaires. The final stage of analysis consisted of finding out how we can use the results to offer a new tool for measuring social capital of Facebook users. The research findings indicated that there are 10 indicators which should be put together if social capital is to be properly measured.

  7. Social entrepreneurship and social innovation: are both the same?

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Cunha, Jorge; Benneworth, Paul Stephen

    2014-01-01

    In the last two decades, a renewed interest on the concepts of social innovation and social entrepreneurship has emerged. In fact, a large body of theoretical developments that occurred in the fields of innovation, territorial development, social economics, and public governance (among others), have

  8. Animal models of social stress: the dark side of social interactions.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Masis-Calvo, Marianela; Schmidtner, Anna K; de Moura Oliveira, Vinícius E; Grossmann, Cindy P; de Jong, Trynke R; Neumann, Inga D

    2018-05-10

    Social stress occurs in all social species, including humans, and shape both mental health and future interactions with conspecifics. Animal models of social stress are used to unravel the precise role of the main stress system - the HPA axis - on the one hand, and the social behavior network on the other, as these are intricately interwoven. The present review aims to summarize the insights gained from three highly useful and clinically relevant animal models of psychosocial stress: the resident-intruder (RI) test, the chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC), and the social fear conditioning (SFC). Each model brings its own focus: the role of the HPA axis in shaping acute social confrontations (RI test), the physiological and behavioral impairments resulting from chronic exposure to negative social experiences (CSC), and the neurobiology underlying social fear and its effects on future social interactions (SFC). Moreover, these models are discussed with special attention to the HPA axis and the neuropeptides vasopressin and oxytocin, which are important messengers in the stress system, in emotion regulation, as well as in the social behavior network. It appears that both nonapeptides balance the relative strength of the stress response, and simultaneously predispose the animal to positive or negative social interactions.

  9. Interpersonal Subtypes Within Social Anxiety: The Identification of Distinct Social Features.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cooper, Danielle; Anderson, Timothy

    2017-10-05

    Although social anxiety disorder is defined by anxiety-related symptoms, little research has focused on the interpersonal features of social anxiety. Prior studies (Cain, Pincus, & Grosse Holtforth, 2010; Kachin, Newman, & Pincus, 2001) identified distinct subgroups of socially anxious individuals' interpersonal circumplex problems that were blends of agency and communion, and yet inconsistencies remain. We predicted 2 distinct interpersonal subtypes would exist for individuals with high social anxiety, and that these social anxiety subtypes would differ on empathetic concern, paranoia, received peer victimization, perspective taking, and emotional suppression. From a sample of 175 undergraduate participants, 51 participants with high social anxiety were selected as above a clinical cutoff on the social phobia scale. Cluster analyses identified 2 interpersonal subtypes of socially anxious individuals: low hostility-high submissiveness (Cluster 1) and high hostility-high submissiveness (Cluster 2). Cluster 1 reported higher levels of empathetic concern, lower paranoia, less peer victimization, and lower emotional suppression compared to Cluster 2. There were no differences between subtypes on perspective taking or cognitive reappraisal. Findings are consistent with an interpersonal conceptualization of social anxiety, and provide evidence of distinct social features between these subtypes. Findings have implications for the etiology, classification, and treatment of social anxiety.

  10. Social Support and Social Networks in COPD: A Scoping Review.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barton, Christopher; Effing, Tanya W; Cafarella, Paul

    2015-01-01

    A scoping review was conducted to determine the size and nature of the evidence describing associations between social support and networks on health, management and clinical outcomes amongst patients with COPD. Searches of PubMed, PsychInfo and CINAHL were undertaken for the period 1966-December 2013. A descriptive synthesis of the main findings was undertaken to demonstrate where there is current evidence for associations between social support, networks and health outcomes, and where further research is needed. The search yielded 318 papers of which 287 were excluded after applying selection criteria. Two areas emerged in which there was consistent evidence of benefit of social support; namely mental health and self-efficacy. There was inconsistent evidence for a relationship between perceived social support and quality of life, physical functioning and self-rated health. Hospital readmission was not associated with level of perceived social support. Only a small number of studies (3 articles) have reported on the social network of individuals with COPD. There remains a need to identify the factors that promote and enable social support. In particular, there is a need to further understand the characteristics of social networks within the broader social structural conditions in which COPD patients live and manage their illness.

  11. Rethinking the health consequences of social class and social mobility.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Simandan, Dragos

    2018-03-01

    The task of studying the impact of social class on physical and mental health involves, among other things, the use of a conceptual toolbox that defines what social class is, establishes how to measure it, and sets criteria that help distinguish it from closely related concepts. One field that has recently witnessed a wealth of theoretical and conceptual research on social class is psychology, but geographers' and sociologists' attitude of diffidence toward this "positivistic" discipline has prevented them from taking advantage of this body of scholarship. This paper aims to highlight some of the most important developments in the psychological study of social class and social mobility that speak to the long-standing concerns of health geographers and sociologists with how social position, perceptions, social comparisons, and class-based identities impact health and well-being. Crown Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. Movimientos sociales, redes sociales y recursos simbólicos

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Amaro La Rosa

    2016-11-01

    Full Text Available El artículo presenta una visión actualizada del papel que desempeñan las redes sociales en los movimientos sociales contemporáneos. Se realiza una somera revisión de la teoría de los movimientos sociales y sus implicancias, enfatizando en su vinculación con procesos de comunicación y narrativas específicas. Finaliza con el recuento de algunos recursos simbólicos empleados por movimientos sociales en diversas realidades.

  13. Linking Social Anxiety with Social Competence in Early Adolescence: Physiological and Coping Moderators.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kaeppler, Alexander K; Erath, Stephen A

    2017-02-01

    Despite relatively universal feelings of discomfort in social situations, there is considerable evidence for diversity in the social behaviors and peer experiences of socially anxious youth. However, to date, very little research has been conducted with the aim of identifying factors that differentiate socially anxious youth who are more socially competent from those who are less socially competent. The present study addresses this gap in the literature by examining whether physiological and cognitive coping responses to social stress moderate the association between social anxiety and social competence. Participants were a community sample of 123 fifth and sixth graders (Mage = 12.03). Social anxiety was measured globally and in the context of a lab-based peer evaluation situation, and social competence was assessed via teacher-reports. Physiological (i.e., skin conductance level reactivity, SCLR, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia reactivity, RSAR) and coping (i.e., disengaged) responses to social stressors were also assessed. Results indicated that SCLR and disengaged coping with peer victimization moderated associations linking global and context-specific social anxiety with social competence, such that social anxiety was associated with lower social competence at lower levels of SCLR and higher levels of disengaged coping with peer victimization. Thus, whether socially anxious preadolescents exhibit more or less competent social behavior may depend, in part, on how they respond to peer-evaluative stress. Inflexible physiological responses and disengaged coping responses may undermine social competence, whereas engaged responses may counteract socially anxious preadolescents' tendency to withdraw from social interactions or focus primarily on threat cues.

  14. Adult forebrain NMDA receptors gate social motivation and social memory.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jacobs, Stephanie; Tsien, Joe Z

    2017-02-01

    Motivation to engage in social interaction is critical to ensure normal social behaviors, whereas dysregulation in social motivation can contribute to psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, autism, social anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While dopamine is well known to regulate motivation, its downstream targets are poorly understood. Given the fact that the dopamine 1 (D1) receptors are often physically coupled with the NMDA receptors, we hypothesize that the NMDA receptor activity in the adult forebrain principal neurons are crucial not only for learning and memory, but also for the proper gating of social motivation. Here, we tested this hypothesis by examining sociability and social memory in inducible forebrain-specific NR1 knockout mice. These mice are ideal for exploring the role of the NR1 subunit in social behavior because the NR1 subunit can be selectively knocked out after the critical developmental period, in which NR1 is required for normal development. We found that the inducible deletion of the NMDA receptors prior to behavioral assays impaired, not only object and social recognition memory tests, but also resulted in profound deficits in social motivation. Mice with ablated NR1 subunits in the forebrain demonstrated significant decreases in sociability compared to their wild type counterparts. These results suggest that in addition to its crucial role in learning and memory, the NMDA receptors in the adult forebrain principal neurons gate social motivation, independent of neuronal development. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  15. The roles of social class of origin, achieved social class and intergenerational social mobility in explaining social-class inequalities in alcoholism among young men

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Hemmingsson, T; Lundberg, I; Diderichsen, Finn

    1999-01-01

    The aim of this study was to investigate the role of intergenerational health-related mobility in explaining social-class inequalities in alcoholism among young men. Data on social class of origin and on risk factors in childhood and adolescence, e.g. risk use of alcohol, were collected for 49....... The increased relative risk could, to a considerable extent, be attributed to factors from childhood/adolescence. In this longitudinal study, it is shown that intergenerational social mobility associated with health-related factors, albeit not with illness itself, made a major contribution to explaining...... differences in alcoholism between social classes. Factors established in adolescence were important with regard to differences in alcoholism between social classes among young adults. But such adverse conditions did not seem to be well reflected by social class of origin....

  16. Coupling Social Solidarity and Social Harmony in Hong Kong

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cheung, Chau-kiu; Ma, Stephen Kan

    2011-01-01

    The various forms of social solidarity are empirically uncharted, especially in relation to social harmony. With respect to resource exchange theory, inclusive solidarity or intergroup acceptance is more conducive to social harmony than mechanical, organic, distributive, and dialogic forms of solidarity. The theoretical prediction holds in the…

  17. Social architects in social systems?

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Thomsen, Rie; Nordentoft, Helle Merete; Sommerlund, Charlotte

    -based knowledge and on building knowledge on equal terms (Härnsten, 1994). The idea is that research circles support knowledge creation as a joint venture where joint venture focuses on both the development of theory and the development of practice (Mørck & Huniche, 2006). Purpose and Design The overall purpose......, conclusions and implications for practice/ future research The findings suggest two major foci of change in future guidance practices. Firstly, future guidance practitioners should be seen more like social architects who are capable of instigating social practices in which young people can exchange...... their experiences, get proper and relevant advice rather than being looked at as expert professionals who provide information in 1-to-1 relationships with the young people. Secondly, the guidance practitioner should be given more credit for and responsibility as a kind of organizational catalyst in social systems...

  18. Social Guerilla marketing

    OpenAIRE

    Hejkalová, Tereza

    2011-01-01

    The diploma thesis deals with the social guerrilla marketing and its aim is to analyze the social guerrilla campaigns and to evaluate the suitability of the guerilla marketing for the social issues. The theoretical part describes marketing communications, new trends in communication, including guerrilla marketing, and also social marketing and social guerrilla marketing. The practical part includes the market research of guerrilla campaigns. The chosen campaigns are introduced and afterwards ...

  19. Social identity change: shifts in social identity during adolescence.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Tanti, Chris; Stukas, Arthur A; Halloran, Michael J; Foddy, Margaret

    2011-06-01

    This study investigated the proposition that adolescence involves significant shifts in social identity as a function of changes in social context and cognitive style. Using an experimental design, we primed either peer or gender identity with a sample of 380 early- (12-13 years), mid- (15-16 years), and late-adolescents (18-20 years) and then measured the effect of the prime on self-stereotyping and ingroup favouritism. The findings showed significant differences in social identity across adolescent groups, in that social identity effects were relatively strong in early- and late-adolescents, particularly when peer group identity rather than gender identity was salient. While these effects were consistent with the experience of change in educational social context, differences in cognitive style were only weakly related to ingroup favouritism. The implications of the findings for theory and future research on social identity during adolescence are discussed. Crown Copyright © 2010. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. Corporate Social Responsibility in Online Social Networks

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Horn, Christian; Brem, Alexander; Wölfl, S.

    2014-01-01

    Considering growing public awareness of social, ethical and ecological responsibility, companies have constantly been increasing their efforts in CSR communications. Social Media as tools of brand communication receive increasing attention and it is expected that the marketing sector...

  1. Marketing, Responsabilidad Social Corporativa y Empreendimiento Social

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Luis Barreiro Pousa

    2013-04-01

    Full Text Available La adopción del marketing, como enfoque para la gestión de los negocios hoy día resulta incuestionable para el logro de competitividad, eficacia y eficiencia, toda vez que en su adopción se encuentra la realización de intercambios de valor equivalentes y voluntarios que aseguran satisfacción a los participantes del proceso. Por supuesto, este proceso no es espontáneo ni automáticamente positivo en cuanto a la verdadera satisfacción de los consumidores y la sociedad en su conjunto, lo que conlleva la necesidad de abordar aspectos éticos en su aplicación, de lo cual no escapa siquiera el marketing social. El macro marketing se relaciona con los efectos (intencionales y no intencionales del marketing social. De manera que, con una perspectiva de macro marketing, los programas de marketing social deben ser diseñados de forma tal que sean compatibles con el bienestar individual y social. Esto es particularmente crítico en programas de marketing social cuyas consecuencias generen inequidades o injusticias en relación con otros públicos meta.

  2. Socially dominant mice in C57BL6 background show increased social motivation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kunkel, Thaddeus; Wang, Hongbing

    2018-01-15

    A series of behavioral tests measuring social dominance, social motivation, and non-social motivation are examined in adult male C57BL6 mice. By using the well-known tube dominance test to determine social dominance and rank, we find that, in the absence of competition for resource and mating, group-housed mouse cage-mates display stable and mostly linear and transitive social hierarchies. Mice with top and bottom social ranks are subjected to a three-chamber social interaction test to measure social motivation. The top ranked mice spend more time interacting with a stranger mouse than the bottom ranked mice, suggesting that social dominance may positively influence social motivation. When subjected to a novel environment, mice with different social ranks show similar locomotion and exploring activity in the open field test, suggesting no detectable difference in certain aspects of non-social motivation. These results demonstrate a behavioral correlation between social dominance and social motivation. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  3. SOCIAL ACTION IN SOCIALLY RESPONSIBILE BUSINESS

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jorge Roberto, Volpentesta

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available The research proposed as general objective to increase knowledge about the characteristics of the actions that companies make in Corporate Social Responsibility programs with interested groups (stakeholders who are in the community or society, from an organizational perspective, trying to clarify what are the causes and / or circumstances that determine and explain the design of such diverse activities ranging from those characterized by a central dirigisme proper implementation of business logic and in which you work from a desk to the other, to those from its inception involve and engage the recipients of those actions generate real actions with others.Interest in this knowledge is based on more and more companies are taking action or intervention programs in the social field, but not always effective considering the social impact. To analyze the processes involved, the organizational circumstances, structural causes and procedural logic that prevail in the design of these actions can help appraise, a priori, their effectiveness and potential outcomes, facilitating the development of a possible model for guidance on the fundamentals needed to conduct successful social interventions.

  4. Social pathologies, false developments and the heteronomy of the social: Social theory and the negative side of recognition

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Souza Luiz Gustavo da Cunha de

    2017-01-01

    Full Text Available The aim of this paper is to explore a tension between two concepts designed to expose social discomforts in Axel Honneth’s mature work, namely social pathologies and anomie. Particular emphasis will be given to how they contribute or obstruct Honneth’s apprehension of social tensions. In the first session of this exposition I will show that Honneth’s interpretation of social pathologies is based on a conception of society as an organic whole (I. While this interpretation represents a slight change regarding Honneth’s understanding of social pathologies in Das Recht der Freiheit, it does not change the fact that in his work subsequent to that book the concept of false developments has not been properly theorized. Accordingly, social discomforts related to deviations from expected patterns of a normative reconstruction remain largely ignored. This calls for a perspective more fully able to grasp the heteronomy of social life (II. As a result, in Honneth’s mature work there seems to be a tension between the aims of a normative reconstruction and those of social critique, mainly due to an inability of the author to combine both elements of his social theory. In its final section (III, the paper will address that tension in order to critically contribute to Honneth’s attempt to link normative reconstruction, social analysis and criticism.

  5. Reduced recruitment of orbitofrontal cortex to human social chemosensory cues in social anxiety.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Zhou, Wen; Hou, Ping; Zhou, Yuxiang; Chen, Denise

    2011-04-01

    Social anxiety refers to the prevalent and debilitating experience of fear and anxiety of being scrutinized in social situations. It originates from both learned (e.g. adverse social conditioning) and innate (e.g. shyness) factors. Research on social anxiety has traditionally focused on negative emotions induced by visual and auditory social cues in socially anxious clinical populations, and posits a dysfunctional orbitofrontal-amygdala circuit as a primary etiological mechanism. Yet as a trait, social anxiety is independent of one's specific emotional state. Here we probe the neural substrate of intrinsic social anxiety by employing a unique type of social stimuli, airborne human social chemosensory cues that are inherently social, ubiquitously present, and yet operating below verbal awareness. We show that the adopted social chemosensory cues were not perceived to be human-related, did not differentially bias self-report of anxiety or autonomic nervous system responses, yet individuals with elevated social anxiety demonstrated a reduced recruitment of the orbitofrontal cortex to social chemosensory cues. No reciprocal activity in the amygdala was observed. Our findings point to an intrinsic neural substrate underlying social anxiety that is not associated with prior adverse social conditioning, thereby providing the first neural evidence for the inherent social aspect of this enigmatic phenomenon. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  6. Multimetodisk social intervention

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Andersen, Linda Lundgaard

    2016-01-01

    Sociale interventioner er en fællesbetegnelse for indsatser og aktiviteter, som i dag er en integrereret del af velfærdsydelser som uddannelse, sundhed og sociale indsatser. Sociale interventioner har stor spændvidde med mange tilgange og forskellige metoder. I dette kapitel sættes fokus på......, hvordan praksisnære og multimetodiske sociale interventioner kan udfolde sig. Jeg belyser med afsæt i Bromley by Bow, en engelsk civilsamfundsplatform og en socialøkonomisk organisation, hvordan det multimetodiske kan praktiseres som sociale interventioner og civilsamfundsindsatser lokaliseret i en fælles...

  7. Activation of social norms in social dilemmas

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Biel, Anders; Thøgersen, John

    Taking rational choice theory for granted, cooperation in social dilemmas may be seen as mysterious. In one-shot dilemmas where subjects unknown to one another interact and make their decisions anonymously, cooperation could even be regarded as lunacy. Several authors have challenged this view......, though. Research has also identified various factors that imply why people cooperate or defect in social dilemmas and what motivations that might guide the decision in one way or the other. Here, a closer look will be taken at social norms as a reason for departure from rational choice, a factor...

  8. The limits of social capital: Durkheim, suicide, and social cohesion.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kushner, Howard I; Sterk, Claire E

    2005-07-01

    Recent applications of social capital theories to population health often draw on classic sociological theories for validation of the protective features of social cohesion and social integration. Durkheim's work on suicide has been cited as evidence that modern life disrupts social cohesion and results in a greater risk of morbidity and mortality-including self-destructive behaviors and suicide. We argue that a close reading of Durkheim's evidence supports the opposite conclusion and that the incidence of self-destructive behaviors such as suicide is often greatest among those with high levels of social integration. A reexamination of Durkheim's data on female suicide and suicide in the military suggests that we should be skeptical about recent studies connecting improved population health to social capital.

  9. Pro-social 50-kHz ultrasonic communication in rats: Post-weaning but not post-adolescent social isolation leads to social impairments – phenotypic rescue by re-socialization

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Dominik eSeffer

    2015-05-01

    Full Text Available Rats are highly social animals and social play during adolescence has an important role for social development, hence post-weaning social isolation is widely used to study the adverse effects of juvenile social deprivation and to induce behavioral phenotypes relevant to neuropsychiatric disorders, like schizophrenia. Communication is an important component of the rat’s social behavior repertoire, with ultrasonic vocalizations (USV serving as situation-dependent affective signals. High-frequency 50-kHz USV occur in appetitive situations and induce approach behavior, supporting the notion that they serve as social contact calls; however, post-weaning isolation effects on the behavioral changes displayed by the receiver in response to USV have yet to be studied. We therefore investigated the impact of post-weaning isolation on socio-affective information processing as assessed by means of our established 50-kHz USV radial maze playback paradigm. We showed that post-weaning social isolation specifically affected the behavioral response to playback of pro-social 50-kHz but not alarm 22-kHz USV. While group-housed rats showed the expected preference, i.e. approach, towards 50-kHz USV, the response was even stronger in short-term isolated rats (i.e. 1 day, possibly due to a higher level of social motivation. In contrast, no approach was observed in long-term isolated rats (i.e. 4 weeks. Importantly, deficits in approach were reversed by peer-mediated re-socialization and could not be observed after post-adolescent social isolation, indicating a critical period for social development during adolescence. Together, these results highlight the importance of social experience for affiliative behavior, suggesting a critical involvement of play behavior on socio-affective information processing in rats.

  10. Children's Social Identities

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bennett, Mark

    2011-01-01

    This paper provides a brief overview of recent developmental research on themes related to children's social identities. Initially, consideration is given to the capacity for social categorization, following which attention is given to children's developing conceptions of social identities, their identification with social groups, and the…

  11. Social Functions of Emotions in Social Dilemmas

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    M.J.J. Wubben (Maarten)

    2010-01-01

    textabstractSocial dilemmas, or situations in which individual and collective interests collide, elicit strong emotions. But are these emotions socially functional in that they help establish cooperation? Generally, they are, as four empirical chapters showed. In dyadic relations, refusal to return

  12. Social Practices

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Schmidt, Kirsten

    2013-01-01

    The present understanding of LCM as a product management system supported by a number of tools and methods does not pay attention to the importance of social practices that the employees develop in relation to the systematic approach. A new conceptual model of LCM including the social practices i...... company serves as case for the empirical analyses of the formalized structures and their interaction with the social practices developed by the employees over time.......The present understanding of LCM as a product management system supported by a number of tools and methods does not pay attention to the importance of social practices that the employees develop in relation to the systematic approach. A new conceptual model of LCM including the social practices...... is presented and discussed from theoretical and empirical perspectives. Theoretically, the analyses cover the formalized structures related to the division of labor and the coordination of the tasks on the one hand, and the social practices as meanings, values and priorities on the other hand. A larger Danish...

  13. Social inclusion of the poor: Concept for reaffirmation of social work

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Petrović Jagoda

    2012-01-01

    Full Text Available There is no universal definition of poverty, but there universal the poverty problem. It is present throughout human history and is present in all contemporary societies. An integral part of poverty in contemporary developed societies are different forms of social exclusion. Social exclusion, as a consequence of material deprivation (poverty in the strict sense becomes a factor in the survival and deepening poverty. That is why the concept of social exclusion, adequate analytical tool for understanding the problems of poverty. Analogously, the concept of social inclusion is a suitable instrument for combating this problem. This concept is particularly important in societies that do not have the ability to fast economic prosperity overcome poverty. In such societies, social work is facing new challenges. These challenges are an opportunity for the reaffirmation of social work and taking a respectable role in the overall reaction to the social problem of poverty. Accepting the modern definition of poverty through the concept of social inclusion is particularly important for social work, whose epistemological and pragmatic polyvalence corresponds with multidimensional character of poverty.

  14. Evolution and the American social sciences: An evolutionary social scientist's view.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Thayer, Bradley A

    2004-03-01

    American social scientists rarely ever use evolutionary concepts to explain behavior, despite the potential of such concepts to elucidate major social problems. I argue that this observation can be understood as the product of three influences: an ideologically narrowed political liberalism; a fear of ''Social Darwinism'' as a scientific idea, rather than a scientific apostasy; and a widely believed criticism of evolutionary thinking as deterministic, reductionistic, and Panglossian. I ask what is to be done to encourage social scientists to learn and to apply evolutionary lessons. I answer with four solutions. First, evolutionary social scientists should more effectively educate their non-evolutionary students and colleagues. Second, they should publicize, even popularize, accessible refutations of perennially misleading criticisms. Third, they should more credibly assure skeptics that evolutionary theory not only keeps the ''social'' in social science but better explains social behavior than can any individual-level theory, such as rational-choice theory. Fourth, they should recall that biology took generations to become Darwinian, and they must understand that the social sciences may take as long to become evolutionary.

  15. Religious identity and social instability in Nigeria: Interogating social ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    The importance of religion towards enhancing social stability cannot be over- emphasized. Emily Durkheim viewed religion as a unified system of beliefs and practices whose purpose is to maintain and foster social stability and cohesion by removing tension that can disrupt social order. He believed that a cohesive society ...

  16. Promoting Social Network Awareness: A Social Network Monitoring System

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cadima, Rita; Ferreira, Carlos; Monguet, Josep; Ojeda, Jordi; Fernandez, Joaquin

    2010-01-01

    To increase communication and collaboration opportunities, members of a community must be aware of the social networks that exist within that community. This paper describes a social network monitoring system--the KIWI system--that enables users to register their interactions and visualize their social networks. The system was implemented in a…

  17. Theory for the Public Good? Social Capital Theory in Social Work Education

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MaryAnn Overcamp-Martini

    2007-05-01

    Full Text Available As a concept, social capital is both relatively recent and highly controversial. This analysis overviews the history of social capital theory and the three main theoretical frameworks related to the concept. The components of social capital are discussed, as well as the controversy over its conceptualization. A review of recent studies is provided, particularly in the relationship between social capital and mental health. The article concludes with a discussion regarding the heuristic usefulness of social capital theory in the human behavior and social environment sequence in social work education, opening discourse in civic engagement and participation, collectivity, and the value of social networking.

  18. Social space, social class and Bourdieu: health inequalities in British Columbia, Canada.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Veenstra, Gerry

    2007-03-01

    This article adopts Pierre Bourdieu's cultural-structuralist approach to conceptualizing and identifying social classes in social space and seeks to identify health effects of class in one Canadian province. Utilizing data from an original questionnaire survey of randomly selected adults from 25 communities in British Columbia, social (class) groupings defined by cultural tastes and dispositions, lifestyle practices, social background, educational capital, economic capital, social capital and occupational categories are presented in visual mappings of social space constructed by use of exploratory multiple correspondence analysis techniques. Indicators of physical and mental health are then situated within this social space, enabling speculations pertaining to health effects of social class in British Columbia.

  19. Social instability stress in adolescent male rats reduces social interaction and social recognition performance and increases oxytocin receptor binding.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hodges, Travis E; Baumbach, Jennet L; Marcolin, Marina L; Bredewold, Remco; Veenema, Alexa H; McCormick, Cheryl M

    2017-09-17

    Social experiences in adolescence are essential for displaying context-appropriate social behaviors in adulthood. We previously found that adult male rats that underwent social instability stress (SS) in adolescence had reduced social interactions with unfamiliar peers compared with non-stressed controls (CTL). Here we determined whether SS altered social recognition and social reward and brain oxytocin and vasopressin receptor density in adolescence. We confirmed that SS rats spent less time interacting with unfamiliar peers than did CTL rats (p=0.006). Furthermore, CTL rats showed a preference for novel over familiar conspecifics in a social recognition test whereas SS rats did not, which may reflect reduced recognition, impaired memory, or reduced preference for novelty in SS rats. The reward value of social interactions was not affected by SS based on conditioned place preference tests and based on the greater time SS rats spent investigating stimulus rats than did CTL rats when the stimulus rat was behind wire mesh (p=0.03). Finally, oxytocin receptor binding density was higher in the dorsal lateral septum and nucleus accumbens shell in SS rats compared with CTL rats (p=0.02, p=0.01, respectively). No effect of SS was found for vasopressin 1a receptor binding density in any of the brain regions analyzed. We discuss the extent to which the differences in social behavior exhibited after social instability in adolescence involve changes in social salience and social competency, and the possibility that changes in oxytocin signaling in the brain underlie the differences in social behavior. Copyright © 2017 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. Social influence and obesity.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Hammond, Ross A

    2010-10-01

    To review a selection of research published in the last 12 months on the role of social influence in the obesity epidemic. Recent papers add evidence to previous work linking social network structures and obesity. Social norms, both eating norms and body image norms, are identified as one major source of social influence through networks. Social capital and social stress are additional types of social influence. There is increasing evidence that social influence and social network structures are significant factors in obesity. Deeper understanding of the mechanisms of action and dynamics of social influence, and its link with other factors involved in the obesity epidemic, is an important goal for further research.

  1. Social emotion recognition, social functioning, and attempted suicide in late-life depression.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Szanto, Katalin; Dombrovski, Alexandre Y; Sahakian, Barbara J; Mulsant, Benoit H; Houck, Patricia R; Reynolds, Charles F; Clark, Luke

    2012-03-01

    : Lack of feeling connected and poor social problem solving have been described in suicide attempters. However, cognitive substrates of this apparent social impairment in suicide attempters remain unknown. One possible deficit, the inability to recognize others' complex emotional states has been observed not only in disorders characterized by prominent social deficits (autism-spectrum disorders and frontotemporal dementia) but also in depression and normal aging. This study assessed the relationship between social emotion recognition, problem solving, social functioning, and attempted suicide in late-life depression. : There were 90 participants: 24 older depressed suicide attempters, 38 nonsuicidal depressed elders, and 28 comparison subjects with no psychiatric history. We compared performance on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test and measures of social networks, social support, social problem solving, and chronic interpersonal difficulties in these three groups. : Suicide attempters committed significantly more errors in social emotion recognition and showed poorer global cognitive performance than elders with no psychiatric history. Attempters had restricted social networks: they were less likely to talk to their children, had fewer close friends, and did not engage in volunteer activities, compared to nonsuicidal depressed elders and those with no psychiatric history. They also reported a pattern of struggle against others and hostility in relationships, felt a lack of social support, perceived social problems as impossible to resolve, and displayed a careless/impulsive approach to problems. : Suicide attempts in depressed elders were associated with poor social problem solving, constricted social networks, and disruptive interpersonal relationships. Impaired social emotion recognition in the suicide attempter group was related.

  2. Social mix policies in Paris: discourses, policies and social effects.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bacqué, Marie-Hélène; Fijalkow, Yankel; Launay, Lydie; Vermeersch, Stéphanie

    2011-01-01

    Since the 1980s, the issue of social mix has become a public policy category in France. Enshrined in legislation, yet remaining controversial, it represents a major premise on which housing policies have been reconfigured. The concept of social mix is essentially based on who lives where, but it is also evoked in the context of urban renewal schemes for social housing estates, as well as in relation to new-build developments. A study of the bases of social mix policies conducted in Paris since 2001 in the context of the embourgeoisement of the capital shows the fundamental role of social housing stock. The City Council has become involved in policy decisions about both the location and the allocation of social housing. Particular attention has been paid to the middle classes in the name of the principle of ‘balancing the population’. In order to measure the effects of the policy, this article relies on an analysis of two City of Paris schemes that have the stated intent of creating social mix. One of these schemes consists of redeveloping a working-class neighbourhood, Goutte d'Or, while the other involves the new acquisition of social housing in various more affluent neighbourhoods in the capital. This comparative study of the population shows that, whether in a neighbourhood poised for gentrification or in a more affluent neighbourhood, this policy has major effects on forms of local social cohesion, setting in motion individual trajectories and reshaping social and/or ethnic identities.

  3. Uncertainty about social interactions leads to the evolution of social heuristics.

    Science.gov (United States)

    van den Berg, Pieter; Wenseleers, Tom

    2018-05-31

    Individuals face many types of social interactions throughout their lives, but they often cannot perfectly assess what the consequences of their actions will be. Although it is known that unpredictable environments can profoundly affect the evolutionary process, it remains unclear how uncertainty about the nature of social interactions shapes the evolution of social behaviour. Here, we present an evolutionary simulation model, showing that even intermediate uncertainty leads to the evolution of simple cooperation strategies that disregard information about the social interaction ('social heuristics'). Moreover, our results show that the evolution of social heuristics can greatly affect cooperation levels, nearly doubling cooperation rates in our simulations. These results provide new insight into why social behaviour, including cooperation in humans, is often observed to be seemingly suboptimal. More generally, our results show that social behaviour that seems maladaptive when considered in isolation may actually be well-adapted to a heterogeneous and uncertain world.

  4. Mental exercising through simple socializing: social interaction promotes general cognitive functioning.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Ybarra, Oscar; Burnstein, Eugene; Winkielman, Piotr; Keller, Matthew C; Manis, Melvin; Chan, Emily; Rodriguez, Joel

    2008-02-01

    Social interaction is a central feature of people's life and engages a variety of cognitive resources. Thus, social interaction should facilitate general cognitive functioning. Previous studies suggest such a link, but they used special populations (e.g., elderly with cognitive impairment), measured social interaction indirectly (e.g., via marital status), and only assessed effects of extended interaction in correlational designs. Here the relation between mental functioning and direct indicators of social interaction was examined in a younger and healthier population. Study 1 using survey methodology found a positive relationship between social interaction, assessed via amount of actual social contact, and cognitive functioning in people from three age groups including younger adults. Study 2 using an experimental design found that a small amount of social interaction (10 min) can facilitate cognitive performance. The findings are discussed in the context of the benefits social relationships have for so many aspects of people's lives.

  5. Entrepreneurship, social capital, and institutions:social and commercial entrepreneurship across nations

    OpenAIRE

    Estrin, Saul; Mickiewicz, Tomasz; Stephan, Ute

    2013-01-01

    We model and test the relationship between social and commercial entrepreneurship drawing on social capital theory. We propose that the country prevalence rate of social entrepreneurship is an indicator of constructible nation-level social capital and enhances the likelihood of individual commercial entry. We further posit that both social and commercial entrepreneurial entry is facilitated by certain formal institutions, namely strong property rights and (low) government activism, albeit the...

  6. Isolamento social, sociabilidades e redes sociais de cuidados Social isolation, sociability and social care networks

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Ivonete Alves de Lima Cavaliere

    2011-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabalho examina, em caráter exploratório, experiências de isolamento social vividas por indivíduos portadores de hanseníase, internados na ex-colônia Tavares de Macedo, em Itaboraí, onde foram mantidas da década de 1930 até os dias de hoje, para problematizar noções sobre segregação e discriminação social presentes nesse meio. Para tanto, examina sociabilidades e redes sociais de cuidados estabelecidas na vida em comum nessa "ex-colônia de leprosos", quase sempre como alternativas às condições oferecidas pelos sistemas públicos de proteção social. Faz isso com base em narrativas de alguns desses sujeitos, vistos em suas diferenças - nas interseções das relações por sexos, classes, raças/etnias, gerações, e também por religiões e graus de escolaridade. Recorre à história oral, modo de oferecer novas interpretações qualitativas de processos histórico-sociais evidenciados nessas sociabilidades e redes, nem sempre visíveis como formas singulares de proteção social da vida em comum.This exploratory work examines the social isolation experienced by individuals with leprosy admitted to the former colony Tavares de Macedo, Itaboraí, where they were kept from the 1930s until the present day, to question notions of segregation and social discrimination present in this environment. So it analyzes sociabilities and social care networks established in the common life in this "ex-leper colony," usually as alternatives to the conditions offered by the public systems of social protection. The work is based on stories of some of the subjects, seen in their differences - at intersection of gender relations, classes, races/ethnicities, generations and also by religions and educational backgrouns. It adopts the oral history, so as to offer new qualitative interpretations of social and historical processes shown in these networks and sociability, not always visible as unique forms of social protection of life in groups.

  7. ESTRUCTURA Y DIVERSIDAD FLORISTICA DE DOS BOSQUES NATURALES (BUENOS AIRES, DPTO CAUCA, COLOMBIA ESTRUTURA E DIVERSIDADE FLORÍSTICA DE DUAS FLORESTAS NATURAIS NO MUNICIPIO DE BUENOS AIRES, DEPARTAMENTO DO CAUCA, COLOMBIA STRUCTURE AND FLORISTIC DIVERSITY FROM TWO FORESTS IN BUENOS AIRES, CAUCA, COLOMBIA

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    CATALINA GARCÍA

    2010-06-01

    Full Text Available Se describe la estructura y diversidad florística de dos transectos en el bosque andino del Municipio de Buenos Aires, Departamento del Cauca. El muestreo se realizó en los Corregimientos El Ceral y El Porvenir, en cada uno de ellos se estableció un transecto de 0,5 ha (250m x20m. En ellos se determinaron y se registraron las especies presentes y se midió el diámetro a la altura del pecho (DAP de todos los individuos con DAP ≥ 10 cm. La estructura de los bosques estudiados presentan una distribución diamétrica en forma de "J invertida", la cual expresa la dinámica del bosque, también se elaboró un perfil esquemático de cada bosque. La diversidad de especies se estimó con los índices de Margalef Menihnick, Shannon -Winnery Simpson. La similitud florística entre los bosques se valoró con los índices de similitud de Jaccardy Sorensen. La curva especie - área o de riqueza florística no llegó al punto de inflexión, donde las especies nuevas dejaron de ser encontradas, debido a que en gran parte son especies raras.Descreve-se a estructura e diversidade florística de dois bosques andinos no Municipio de Buenos Aires, Departamento do Cauca. A demonstacão se fez nos povoados "El Ceral e El Porvenir". Em cada um deles se estableceu um trajeto de 0,5 hetares (250m x 20m. Neles se determinaram e registraram as espécies presentes e se mediu o diámetro À altura do peito (DAP de todos os individuos com DAP≥10 cm. A estructura das florestas estudadas apresenta urna distribuiçÃo dia-métrica em forma de "J invés", a qual expressa a dinámica do mato, também se elaborou um perfil esquemático de cada urna das florestas. A diversidade de especies estimou-se com os índices de Margalef, Menihninck, Shannon - Wiener, Simpson e Berger Parker. A semelhança florística entre as duas florestas se valorou com os índices de similitude de Jaccard e Sorensen. A curva especie -área ou de riqueza florística, não chegou ao ponto de inflex

  8. Social orphanhood in Latvia

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Trapenciere I.

    2014-01-01

    Full Text Available The reform processes and the developments of social policy to solve the major social problems of the socially vulnerable population, among them, children in particular, take place in Latvia during the last 20 years. Protection of children rights is declared one of the strategic priorities of the state social policy. At the same time the problem of child neglect and child abandonment in Latvia has not yet been sufficiently conceptualized. Already since 1990-ies Latvian society has clearly faced with an objective necessity of solving problems of child abandonment in connection with an increasing number of social orphans. The situation was complicated by the fact that the formation of a fundamentally new system of social policy, social support and assistance to risk children had to be developed and implemented in conditions of economic transition to market economy relations, increasing social tensions, and sharp increase in social inequality and social discrimination. Among the enourmous number of economical and social problems in the developing democratic state, the issue of child abandonment as an important social problem has been addressed rather fragmentary. The term “social orphanhood” does not appear in the social policy vocabulary of the Latvian social policy doscourse.

  9. Strong social relationships are associated with decreased longevity in a facultatively social mammal.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Blumstein, Daniel T; Williams, Dana M; Lim, Alexandra N; Kroeger, Svenja; Martin, Julien G A

    2018-01-31

    Humans in strong social relationships are more likely to live longer because social relationships may buffer stressors and thus have protective effects. However, a shortcoming of human studies is that they often rely on self-reporting of these relationships. By contrast, observational studies of non-human animals permit detailed analyses of the specific nature of social relationships. Thus, discoveries that some social animals live longer and healthier lives if they are involved in social grooming, forage together or have more affiliative associates emphasizes the potential importance of social relationships on health and longevity. Previous studies have focused on the impact of social metrics on longevity in obligately social species. However, if sociality indeed has a key role in longevity, we might expect that affiliative relationships should also influence longevity in less social species. We focused on socially flexible yellow-bellied marmots ( Marmota flaviventer ) and asked whether female longevity covaries with the specific nature of social relationships. We quantified social relationships with social network statistics that were based on affiliative interactions, and then estimated the correlation between longevity and sociality using bivariate models. We found a significant negative phenotypic correlation between affiliative social relationship strength and longevity; marmots with greater degree, closeness and those with a greater negative average shortest path length died at younger ages. We conclude that sociality plays an important role in longevity, but how it does so may depend on whether a species is obligately or facultatively social. © 2018 The Author(s).

  10. THE RIGHT TO SUTURES: SOCIAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND SOCIAL JUSTICE

    Science.gov (United States)

    Venkatapuram, Sridhar; Bell, Ruth; Marmot, Michael

    2013-01-01

    The article examines the convergences and contrasts between social epidemiology, social medicine, and human rights approaches toward advancing global health and health equity. The first section describes the goals and work of the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health. The second section discusses the role of human rights in the Commission’s work. The third section evaluates, from the perspective of social epidemiology, two rights-based approaches to advancing health and health equity as compared to a view that focuses more broadly on social justice. The concluding section identifies four areas where social epidemiologists, practitioners of social medicine, and health and human rights advocates can and must work together in order to make progress on health and health equity. PMID:21178186

  11. Morality Beyond Social Preferences: Smithian Sympathy, Social Neuroscience and the Nature of Social Consciousness

    OpenAIRE

    Thoron, Sylvie

    2016-01-01

    The theory of social preferences expanded the definition of the utility function in order to reproduce the pro-social behavior observed in experiments. Does this then mean that this is the route towards a positive theory of morality in economics? We do not think so. Our claim is that there is an epistemic contradiction between methodological individualism which assumes that the economic agent’s rationality is autonomous from society, and the nature of social consciousness. Therefore, we argue...

  12. Consumer-oriented social data fusion: controlled learning in social environments, social advertising, and more

    Science.gov (United States)

    Grewe, L.

    2013-05-01

    This paper explores the current practices in social data fusion and analysis as it applies to consumer-oriented applications in a slew of areas including business, economics, politics, sciences, medicine, education and more. A categorization of these systems is proposed and contributions to each area are explored preceded by a discussion of some special issues related to social data and networks. From this work, future paths of consumer-based social data analysis research and current outstanding problems are discovered.

  13. Common and distinct neural features of social and non-social reward processing in autism and social anxiety disorder.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Richey, John A; Rittenberg, Alison; Hughes, Lauren; Damiano, Cara R; Sabatino, Antoinette; Miller, Stephanie; Hanna, Eleanor; Bodfish, James W; Dichter, Gabriel S

    2014-03-01

    Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) are both characterized by social dysfunction, but no study to date has compared neural responses to social rewards in ASDs and SAD. Neural responses during social and non-social reward anticipation and outcomes were examined in individuals with ASD (n = 16), SAD (n = 15) and a control group (n = 19) via functional magnetic resonance imaging. Analyses modeling all three groups revealed increased nucleus accumbens (NAc) activation in SAD relative to ASD during monetary reward anticipation, whereas both the SAD and ASD group demonstrated decreased bilateral NAc activation relative to the control group during social reward anticipation. During reward outcomes, the SAD group did not differ significantly from the other two groups in ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation to either reward type. Analyses comparing only the ASD and SAD groups revealed greater bilateral amygdala activation to social rewards in SAD relative to ASD during both anticipation and outcome phases, and the magnitude of left amygdala hyperactivation in the SAD group during social reward anticipation was significantly correlated with the severity of trait anxiety symptoms. Results suggest reward network dysfunction to both monetary and social rewards in SAD and ASD during reward anticipation and outcomes, but that NAc hypoactivation during monetary reward anticipation differentiates ASD from SAD.

  14. Developing Ethical Guidelines for Creating Social Media Technology Policy in Social Work Classrooms

    OpenAIRE

    Shane R. Brady; David A. McLeod; Jimmy A. Young

    2015-01-01

    This paper will discuss social media technology in the context of social work education. While social media technology is prevalent in social work education, most discourse about ethical use of social media in the classroom has taken a prescriptive and overly cautious approach that neglects the context dependent nature that social work educators teach in as well as the overwhelmingly positive potential of social media technology in the classroom. This paper utilizes social constructivist theo...

  15. The university, social education and the education of social educator

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Irandi Pereira

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available This article discusses the relations between university and social education and their developments in the social educator education supported by an education conception linked to the collective rights. This article emphasizes the relations between theory and the social education actions, the social educator continual education, according to three focus: Brazilian higher education aspects, the call for a more general education towards the demands resulting from the contemporary context, in which the formal education, in its different levels, cannot answer the low income adults, youngsters and children solicitations and yet the requests needed for the social educator continual education. The readings have shown that the debate is insufficient in face of the social education experiences carried out in national and international scenarios. It is a field to be effectively established.

  16. SocialBrowsing: Integrating Social Networks and Web Browsing

    National Research Council Canada - National Science Library

    Golbeck, Jennifer; Wasser, Michael M

    2007-01-01

    .... The extension is paired with services provided by social networking websites, analyzes the page's contents, and adds tooltips and highlighting to indicate when there is relevant social information...

  17. Social Work Agonistes

    Science.gov (United States)

    Stoesz, David

    2008-01-01

    Social work should be founded on a powerful network of diverse practitioners applying the social sciences to advance social welfare today. Instead, social work education operates under the guise of identity politics, reserving its highest appointments for the politically correct and members of under-represented groups, with little concern for…

  18. Social implications of the battle of the sexes: sexual harassment disrupts female sociality and social recognition.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Darden, Safi K; James, Richard; Ramnarine, Indar W; Croft, Darren P

    2009-07-22

    Across sexually reproducing species, males and females are in conflict over the control of reproduction. At the heart of this conflict in a number of taxa is male harassment of females for mating opportunities and female strategies to avoid this harassment. One neglected consequence that may result from sexual harassment is the disruption of important social associations. Here, we experimentally manipulate the degree of sexual harassment that wild female guppies (Poecilia reticulata) experience by establishing replicated, semi-natural pools with different population sex ratios. We quantify the effects of sexual harassment on female social structure and the development of social recognition among females. When exposed to sexual harassment, we found that females had more disparate social networks with limited repeated interactions when compared to females that did not experience male harassment. Furthermore, females that did not experience harassment developed social recognition with familiar individuals over an 8-day period, whereas females that experienced harassment did not, an effect we suggest is due to disruption of association patterns. These results show that social network structure and social recognition can be affected by sexual harassment, an effect that will be relevant across taxonomic groups and that we predict will have fitness consequences for females.

  19. Social networks, social support mechanisms, and quality of life after breast cancer diagnosis.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kroenke, Candyce H; Kwan, Marilyn L; Neugut, Alfred I; Ergas, Isaac J; Wright, Jaime D; Caan, Bette J; Hershman, Dawn; Kushi, Lawrence H

    2013-06-01

    We examined mechanisms through which social relationships influence quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer survivors. This study included 3,139 women from the Pathways Study who were diagnosed with breast cancer from 2006 to 2011 and provided data on social networks (the presence of a spouse or intimate partner, religious/social ties, volunteering, and numbers of close friends and relatives), social support (tangible support, emotional/informational support, affection, positive social interaction), and QOL, measured by the FACT-B, approximately 2 months post diagnosis. We used logistic models to evaluate associations between social network size, social support, and lower versus higher than median QOL scores. We further stratified by stage at diagnosis and treatment. In multivariate-adjusted analyses, women who were characterized as socially isolated had significantly lower FACT-B (OR = 2.18, 95 % CI: 1.72-2.77), physical well-being (WB) (OR = 1.61, 95 % CI: 1.27-2.03), functional WB (OR = 2.08, 95 % CI: 1.65-2.63), social WB (OR = 3.46, 95 % CI: 2.73-4.39), and emotional WB (OR = 1.67, 95 % CI: 1.33-2.11) scores and higher breast cancer symptoms (OR = 1.48, 95 % CI: 1.18-1.87) compared with socially integrated women. Each social network member independently predicted higher QOL. Simultaneous adjustment for social networks and social support partially attenuated associations between social networks and QOL. The strongest mediator and type of social support that was most predictive of QOL outcomes was "positive social interaction." However, each type of support was important depending on outcome, stage, and treatment status. Larger social networks and greater social support were related to higher QOL after a diagnosis of breast cancer. Effective social support interventions need to evolve beyond social-emotional interventions and need to account for disease severity and treatment status.

  20. Social networks, social support mechanisms, and quality of life after breast cancer diagnosis

    Science.gov (United States)

    Kroenke, Candyce H; Kwan, Marilyn L.; Neugut, Alfred I.; Ergas, Isaac J.; Wright, Jaime D.; Caan, Bette J.; Hershman, Dawn; Kushi, Lawrence H.

    2013-01-01

    Purpose We examined mechanisms through which social relationships influence quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer survivors. Methods This study included 3,139 women from the Pathways Study who were diagnosed with breast cancer from 2006-2011 and provided data on social networks (presence of spouse or intimate partner, religious/social ties, volunteering, and numbers of close friends and relatives), social support (tangible, emotional/informational, affection, positive social interaction), and quality of life (QOL), measured by the FACT-B, approximately two months post-diagnosis. We used logistic models to evaluate associations between social network size, social support, and lower vs. higher than median QOL scores. We further stratified by stage at diagnosis and treatment. Results In multivariate-adjusted analyses, women who were characterized as socially isolated had significantly lower FACT-B (OR=2.18, 95%CI:1.72-2.77), physical well-being (WB) (OR=1.61, 95%CI:1.27-2.03), functional WB (OR=2.08, 95%CI:1.65-2.63), social WB (OR=3.46, 95%CI:2.73-4.39), and emotional WB (OR=1.67, 95%CI:1.33-2.11) scores and higher breast cancer symptoms (OR=1.48, 95%CI:1.18-1.87), compared with socially integrated women. Each social network member independently predicted higher QOL. Simultaneous adjustment for social networks and social support partially attenuated associations between social networks and QOL. The strongest mediator and type of social support that was most predictive of QOL outcomes was “positive social interaction”. However, each type of support was important depending on outcome, stage, and treatment status. Conclusions Larger social networks and greater social support were related to higher QOL after a diagnosis of breast cancer. Effective social support interventions need to evolve beyond social-emotional interventions and need to account for disease severity and treatment status. PMID:23657404

  1. A social net? Internet and social media use during unemployment

    OpenAIRE

    Feuls, Miriam; Fieseler, Christian; Suphan, Anne

    2014-01-01

    This is the author’s accepted, refereed manuscript to the article Many people who are unemployed tend to experience forms of psychological and social losses, including a weakened time structure, diminished social contacts, an absence of collective purpose, falling status, and inactivity. This article focuses on the experience of diminished social contacts and addresses whether social media help the unemployed maintain their relationships. Based on qualitative interviews with unempl...

  2. The Design Social: Framing social research methods for design postgraduates.

    OpenAIRE

    Evans, Martyn

    2010-01-01

    This paper discusses approaches for framing social research methods within postgraduate design curricula, details the responses of postgraduate design students to the possibilities presented by social research methods, and concludes with a case study of the adoption experiences of PhD students in design when engaging with social research methods. Analysis of semi-structured interviews is employed to draw out perceptions and experiences of design postgraduates when engaging with social researc...

  3. Social impact assessment and management methodology using social indicators and planning strategies

    International Nuclear Information System (INIS)

    Olsen, M.E.; Curry, M.G.; Greene, M.R.; Melber, B.D.; Merwin, D.J.

    1978-08-01

    The scope of environmental impact statements prepared during the past few years has steadily expanded to incorporate all aspects of the social as well as the natural environment, including demographic, economic, social, political, and cultural conditions. Broadly conceived, social impacts are alterations in people's living conditions that occur in conjunction with a new policy, program, or project, and that (1) are in addition to all other concurrent changes produced by other factors, and (2) are seen by those affected as significant social events. Since any social environment is constantly changing, the crucial problems in analyzing social impacts are to identify those social alterations that are a direct or indirect result of the specific action under examination, apart from all other events and changes, and to determine which of these alterations are having significant social effects on the people involved. Three features of this conception of social impacts are especially noteworthy. First, although impacts are often thought of as undesirable or detrimental in nature, they may also be desirable or beneficial. Second, although impacts are often described as caused by prior intervening innovations, in reality they always interact with their original causes in a reciprocal process, either immediately or after some time lag. Third, the purpose of social impact assessment is to enable policy makers to anticipate and plan for potential impacts before they occur, and then act to prevent or mitigate undesired impacts. A new methodology for performing social impact assessment and management studies that meet current needs by emphasizing standardized social indicators and social planning techniques is proposed. We refer to our approach as the Social Impact and Planning (SIP) method of social impact assessment

  4. What affects social attention? Social presence, eye contact and autistic traits.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Megan Freeth

    Full Text Available Social understanding is facilitated by effectively attending to other people and the subtle social cues they generate. In order to more fully appreciate the nature of social attention and what drives people to attend to social aspects of the world, one must investigate the factors that influence social attention. This is especially important when attempting to create models of disordered social attention, e.g. a model of social attention in autism. Here we analysed participants' viewing behaviour during one-to-one social interactions with an experimenter. Interactions were conducted either live or via video (social presence manipulation. The participant was asked and then required to answer questions. Experimenter eye-contact was either direct or averted. Additionally, the influence of participant self-reported autistic traits was also investigated. We found that regardless of whether the interaction was conducted live or via a video, participants frequently looked at the experimenter's face, and they did this more often when being asked a question than when answering. Critical differences in social attention between the live and video interactions were also observed. Modifications of experimenter eye contact influenced participants' eye movements in the live interaction only; and increased autistic traits were associated with less looking at the experimenter for video interactions only. We conclude that analysing patterns of eye-movements in response to strictly controlled video stimuli and natural real-world stimuli furthers the field's understanding of the factors that influence social attention.

  5. Activation of social norms in social dilemmas

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Biel, Anders; Thøgersen, John

    2007-01-01

    Taking rational choice theory for granted, cooperation in social dilemmas may be seen as mysterious. In one-shot dilemmas where subjects unknown to one another interact and make their decisions anonymously, cooperation could even be regarded as lunacy. Several authors have challenged this view......, though. Research has also identiWed various factors that imply why people cooperate or defect in social dilemmas and what motivations that might guide the decision in one way or the other. Here, a closer look will be taken at social norms as a reason for departure from rational choice, a factor...

  6. A social insect perspective on the evolution of social learning mechanisms.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Leadbeater, Ellouise; Dawson, Erika H

    2017-07-24

    The social world offers a wealth of opportunities to learn from others, and across the animal kingdom individuals capitalize on those opportunities. Here, we explore the role of natural selection in shaping the processes that underlie social information use, using a suite of experiments on social insects as case studies. We illustrate how an associative framework can encompass complex, context-specific social learning in the insect world and beyond, and based on the hypothesis that evolution acts to modify the associative process, suggest potential pathways by which social information use could evolve to become more efficient and effective. Social insects are distant relatives of vertebrate social learners, but the research we describe highlights routes by which natural selection could coopt similar cognitive raw material across the animal kingdom.

  7. Pinterest or Thinterest?: Social Comparison and Body Image on Social Media

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Jennifer Lewallen

    2016-03-01

    Full Text Available Social media have become increasingly popular mechanisms for communication. Past research suggests a link between using social media, upward social comparison, and negative affect. This online experiment of US women ( N  = 118 takes a media psychology approach to understanding how fitness images on the social networking website Pinterest contribute to social comparison as well as intentions to engage in extreme weight-loss behaviors. Findings suggest that individuals who follow more fitness boards on Pinterest are more likely to report intentions to engage in extreme weight-loss behaviors. Additionally, endorsement of an ideal female body type was positively related to both social comparison and intentions to engage in extreme weight-loss behaviors. Findings are discussed in light of social comparison theory, and suggestions are made are made for future experimental work.

  8. Social Touch Technology: A Survey of Haptic Technology for Social Touch

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Huisman, Gijs

    2017-01-01

    This survey provides an overview of work on haptic technology for social touch. Social touch has been studied extensively in psychology and neuroscience. With the development of new technologies, it is now possible to engage in social touch at a distance or engage in social touch with artificial

  9. PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF SOCIAL ANXIETY AND SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER (SAD) IN ADOLESCENTS

    OpenAIRE

    Samoylova, Vera; Sagalakova, Olga

    2017-01-01

    Abstract: The cognitive model of social anxiety disorder is considered. Cognitive factors and linguistic features of the disorder are distinguished. The interconnections of such indicators as the quality of sleep, social behavior in everyday social situations, behavioral indices of social skills in social and performing tasks and physiological reactivity in adolescents are considered. It is shown that an accumulation of symptoms of social anxiety in the family leads to a disadaptive way of re...

  10. Social Dominance Orientation: A Personality Variable Predicting Social and Political Attitudes

    OpenAIRE

    Malle, Bertram F.; Stallworth, Lisa M.; Sidanius, James; Pratto, Felicia

    1994-01-01

    Social dominance orientation (SDO), one's degree of preference for inequality among social groups, is introduced. On the basis of social dominance theory, it is shown that (a) men are more social dominance-oriented than women, (b) high-SDO people seek hierarchy-enhancing professional roles and low-SDO people seek hierarchy-attenuating roles, (c) SDO was related to beliefs in a large number of social and political ideologies that support group-based hierarchy (e.g., meritocracy and racism) and...

  11. THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES (SNSS) ON STUDENTS’ SOCIAL INTERACTION

    OpenAIRE

    Jesse John Lukindo

    2016-01-01

    This study explored the impact of Social Networking Sites (SNSs) on students’ social interaction at Northeast Normal University in China. The study was guided by three research questions; what are the levels of SNS time use and social connectedness in terms of gender?, what are the differences of university students SNS time use and social connectedness and what is the relationship between SNS time use and social connectedness. It involved a total sample of 79 students from various faculties ...

  12. Social media, social avatars and the psyche: is Facebook good for us?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Brunskill, David

    2013-12-01

    This paper aims to explore how social media users represent themselves online, and to consider whether this process has inherent potential to impact upon the psyche of the individual. Advanced thinking around social media may exist on an organizational level, but on an individual level there exists a need to catch up, as the psychological dimensions of going online are significant and deserve consideration. Inherent to the experience of using social media is the self selection of favorable material to represent the individual. This process is cumulative, and effectively creates a socially-derived and socially-driven, composite online image ('social avatar'). Humans notably select their best aspects for presentation to others and the social avatar reflects this tendency, effectively facilitating the creation of a 'gap' between online image (representation) and offline identity (substance). The creation of a social avatar should therefore be an important and conscious consideration for all users of social media, not just those individuals already struggling with the task of integrating the multiple facets which make up modern personal identity. Social avatars appear to be an important factor in understanding the inherent potential for social media to affect the psyche/contribute to psychopathology within the individual.

  13. Social anxiety and eating disorder comorbidity: The role of negative social evaluation fears

    Science.gov (United States)

    Levinson, Cheri A.; Rodebaugh, Thomas L.

    2011-01-01

    Social anxiety and eating disorders are highly comorbid. However, it is unknown how specific domains of social anxiety relate to disordered eating. We provide data on these relationships and investigate social appearance anxiety and fear of negative evaluation as potential vulnerabilities linking social anxiety with eating disorders. Specifically, we examined five domains of social anxiety: Social interaction anxiety, fear of scrutiny, fear of positive evaluation, fear of negative evaluation, and social appearance anxiety. Results indicated that social appearance anxiety predicted body dissatisfaction, bulimia symptoms, shape concern, weight concern, and eating concern over and above fear of scrutiny, social interaction anxiety, and fear of positive evaluation. Fear of negative evaluation uniquely predicted drive for thinness and restraint. Structural equation modeling supported a model in which social appearance anxiety and fear of negative evaluation are vulnerabilities for both social anxiety and eating disorder symptoms. Interventions that target these negative social evaluation fears may help prevent development of eating disorders. PMID:22177392

  14. ACCOUNTABILITY: A RAZÃO DE SER DA CONTABILIDADE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    MIBA MASAYUKI NAKAGAWA

    2007-01-01

    Full Text Available Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo comprender si la accountability es, o no, la razón de ser de la Contabilidad. Si la respuesta es positiva y correctamente comprendida por los maestros, investigadores y profesionales de la Contabilidad, podremos alimentar la esperanza de que nuestro estatus social, político y económica alcanzará brevemente el nivel deseado por todos nosotros, en la misma medida en la que el concepto de accountability sea aplicado en nuestro País, con due diligence. Las pesquisas que vienen siendo realizadas hace más de 15 (quince años en la Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Contables, Actuarias y Financieras (Fipecafi vinculada a la FEA/USP, revelan que, en el mundo de los negocios públicos y privados, existen básicamente dos formas de accountability, de ellas es de naturaleza exógena y otra endógena. Las dos formas de accountability aportan para la comprensión del concepto de plena accountability a que se refiere el modelo de gobierno empresarial de la International Federation of Accountants (Ifac. La pesquisa de campo que, en el inicio de los años 90, fue objeto de una consulta de la directoria para América del Sur y Caribe del Banco Mundial a la Fipecafi, con el objetivo de medirse el nivel de accountability en Brasil, tanto en el sector público como privado, es algo que aún permanece en abierto, como desafío para los porvenires encuestadores de esa tema.

  15. Living Social: How to Use Social Narratives as a Behavior Intervention

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jones, Julie P.; Love, Sarah

    2013-01-01

    Peer-related social competencies can have a major impact on classroom success. While some students can learn these social competencies through observation and imitation of others, other students require intensive intervention in social skills to be able to interact appropriately with others. This article presents social narratives as a behavioral…

  16. Social Class and Work-Related Decisions: Measurement, Theory, and Social Mobility

    Science.gov (United States)

    Fouad, Nadya A.; Fitzpatrick, Mary E.

    2009-01-01

    In this reaction to Diemer and Ali's article, "Integrating Social Class Into Vocational Psychology: Theory and Practice Implications," the authors point out concerns with binary schema of social class, highlight the contribution of social class to the social cognitive career theory, argue for a more nuanced look at ways that work…

  17. Social Media Policy in Social Work Education: A Review and Recommendations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Karpman, Hannah E.; Drisko, James

    2016-01-01

    Although social media use has grown dramatically, program policies have not kept pace. Some programs now state that student social media activities have led to professional conduct reviews and may violate ethical standards. This article reviews current social media policies and conceptualizes their key elements. A review of current social media…

  18. From social talk to social action: shaping the social triad with emotion sharing.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peters, Kim; Kashima, Yoshihisa

    2007-11-01

    Seemingly trivial social talk provides fertile ground for emotion sharing (a narrator and audience's realization that they experience the same emotional response toward a target), which in turn creates a coalition between the narrator and the audience, configures the narrator and audience's relationship with the target, and coordinates their target-directed action. In this article, the authors use 4 studies to investigate this thesis. In Studies 1 and 2--where participants rated scenarios in which narrators told them anecdotes--the authors found that when there was emotion sharing (a) participants were more bonded with narrators, (b) the narrator and audience's relationship with the target (as reflected in action tendencies) was determined by the emotionality of the anecdotes, and (c) they coordinated their target-directed actions. Study 3 demonstrated that this effect was indeed due to emotion sharing. Study 4 provided behavioral evidence for the effects of emotion sharing using a 2-person trust game. Together, these studies reveal that the everyday act of social talk is a powerful act that is able to shape the social triad of the narrator, the audience, and the social target, with powerful consequences for social structure and group action. (c) 2007 APA, all rights reserved.

  19. Social support and social norms: do both contribute to predicting leisure-time exercise?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Okun, Morris A; Ruehlman, Linda; Karoly, Paul; Lutz, Rafer; Fairholme, Chris; Schaub, Rachel

    2003-01-01

    To clarify the contribution of social support and social norms to exercise behavior. A sample of 363 college students completed a questionnaire that assessed social support and social negativity from friends, descriptive and injunctive social norms related to friends, perceived behavioral control, attitude, intention, and leisure-time exercise. Esteem social support was the strongest predictor of total and strenuous leisure-time exercise (P leisure-time exercise. Social support and social norms contribute independently to our understanding of variation in the frequency of strenuous leisure-time exercise.

  20. The Social Desirability of Social Value Orientations

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Bekkers, René

    2001-01-01

    To what degree are social value orientations as measured by decomposed games vulnerable to social desirability concerns? In contrast to prior research (Platow, 1994), this study, using a large scale survey in The Netherlands (n=450), shows that respondents classified as ‘prosocial’ agree more often

  1. Changing Attitudes Through Social Influence: Does Social Distance Matter?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Mahaffey, Amanda L; Bryan, Angela D

    2016-01-01

    To test the effects of social influence and social distance on attitudes, we assessed judgments of gay and lesbian targets in various contexts over three studies (n = 814, 51% female). We compared the impact of a derogatory message to a relatively favorable message ostensibly written by another participant. Participants were robustly moved by the feedback; social influence was a significant predictor in final evaluations of the target, as was social distance. Discrimination against gay men and lesbian women appears not to be a fixed behavior; seemingly anyone can be persuaded to discriminate or not to discriminate by mere peer suggestion.

  2. The distortion of social identity structure as a result of social exclusion

    OpenAIRE

    Suvorova I.Yu.

    2016-01-01

    The article describes the mechanism of human’s interaction with social system through the analysis of its distortion as a result of social exclusion. It was assumed that the impossibility to satisfy basic social needs destroys symbolic links between an individual and a social system. It causes the distortion of the structure of social identity and control over social reality. Third year students of Ecological faculty of People’s Friendship University of Rus- sia participated in the experiment...

  3. The association between social phobia, social anxiety cognitions and paranoid symptoms.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Schutters, S I J; Dominguez, M-d-G; Knappe, S; Lieb, R; van Os, J; Schruers, K R J; Wittchen, H-U

    2012-03-01

    Previous research suggests high levels of comorbidity between social phobia and paranoid symptoms, although the nature of this association remains unclear. Data were derived from the Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology study, a 10-year longitudinal study in a representative German community sample of 3021 participants aged 14-24 years at baseline. The Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess social phobia and paranoid symptoms, along with data on social phobia features. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted. Differential associations with environmental risk factors and temperamental traits were investigated. Lifetime social phobia and paranoid symptoms were associated with each other cross-sectionally (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.31-2.47). Lifetime paranoid symptoms were associated specifically with social anxiety cognitions. Lifetime cognitions of negative evaluation predicted later onset of paranoid symptoms, whereas onset of social phobia was predicted by cognitions of loss of control and fear/avoidance of social situations. Lifetime social phobia and paranoid symptoms shared temperamental traits of behavioural inhibition, but differed in environmental risks. The present study showed that paranoid symptoms and social phobia share similarities in cognitive profile and inhibited temperament. Avoidance appears to be important in the development of social phobia, whereas cannabis use and traumatic experiences may drive paranoid thinking in vulnerable individuals. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

  4. The heterogeneity of socially isolated older adults: a social isolation typology.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Machielse, Anja

    2015-01-01

    Recent statistics show a growing number of older adults who are living alone and are socially isolated. It is against this background that, in recent years, many interventions have been developed to address social isolation among the elderly. Evaluative studies show that most interventions are hardly effective, though. An important reason for this is the heterogeneity of the socially isolated. This article offers insight into this heterogeneity by presenting a typology with different profiles of socially isolated older adults and the intervention implications of this typology. The typology is derived from an extensive qualitative study on socially isolated elderly individuals in the Netherlands. The typology imposes some degree of order to a diversity of circumstances, ambitions, and possibilities of the socially isolated elderly, thereby deepening the understanding of the heterogeneity of this population. The definition of social isolation used in this study starts from a societal angle of incidence, namely the current policy context of Western European welfare states, in which governments emphasize the importance of independence and self-reliance of their citizens. Developed from that perspective, the typology provides a theoretical basis for applying interventions aimed at increasing self-reliance of social isolated elderly. This perspective on social isolation also has consequences for the way in which the effectiveness of interventions to alleviate social isolation is assessed.

  5. Social Boycott

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Breno de Paula Andrade Cruz

    2017-02-01

    Full Text Available Purpose – Based on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR aspects, Social Boycott is presented in this paper as an amplification of the Labor Boycott concept. Design/methodology/approach – A statistical experiment with 240 individuals has been carried out, so that it could verify if consumers’ perceptions related to the Management Context of Corporate Social Responsibility (MCCSR of the fictitious Alpha company has considerable impact on the variable Boycott Efficacy (BE, and on the Boycott Intention (BI. The ANOVA has been used to show causeeffect variable relationship. Findings – MCCSR impacts on BE (H1 and BI (H2. Thus, the Social Consumer’s boycott motivation is driven by the perception of the level of CSR management orientation a company has (anti-corruption internal measures, organizational climate, labor conditions and waste management during production process. While Labor Boycott restricts its analysis to labor conditions, the concept of Social Boycott incorporates all CSR aspects. Originality/value – This study presents Social Boycott definition and its insertion on consumer boycott literature - types of boycott and boycott motivations (ideological dimension. Thus, tangential analysis such as experiential dimension and a theoretical political boycott gap are discussed.

  6. Things online social networking can take away: Reminders of social networking sites undermine the desirability of offline socializing and pleasures.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Li, Shiang-Shiang; Chang, Yevvon Yi-Chi; Chiou, Wen-Bin

    2017-04-01

    People are beginning to develop symbiotic relationships with social networking sites (SNSs), which provide users with abundant opportunities for social interaction. We contend that if people perceive SNSs as sources of social connection, the idea of SNSs may reduce the desire to pursue offline social activities and offline pleasures. Experiment 1 demonstrated that priming with SNSs was associated with a weakened desirability of offline social activities and an increased inclination to work alone. Felt relatedness mediated the link between SNS primes and reduced desire to engage in offline social activities. Experiment 2 showed that exposure to SNS primes reduced the desirability of offline socializing and lowered the desire for offline pleasurable experiences as well. Moreover, heavy users were more susceptible to this detrimental effect. We provide the first experimental evidence that the idea of online social networking may modulate users' engagement in offline social activities and offline pleasures. Hence, online social networking may satisfy the need for relatedness but undercut the likelihood of reaping enjoyment from offline social life. © 2016 Scandinavian Psychological Associations and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

  7. Sociale Interventioner

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    først bliver social, når de mennesker, der berøres af indgrebet, også bliver inddraget i processen. »Interventioner virker! Men kun hvis de er meningsfulde. Det er helt afgørende for sociale interventioner, at de opleves som meningsfulde af de mennesker, som interventionerne omfatter«, fremhæver Jo...... Krøjer, lektor og leder af Sociale Interventionsstudier på RUC, og Katia Dupret, lektor i socialpsykologi på RUC. Hermed udvider bogens forfattere den videnskabelige forståelse af sammenhængen mellem de væsentligste aspekter i social intervention: velfærdsstat, viden og deltagelse. Forfatterne viser...... rettet mod marginaliserede eller udsatte mennesker. Bogens kapitler rummer med deres empiriske eksempler flere forskellige versioner og forståelser af social intervention, og de dykker bl.a. ned i emner som tidlig indsats og Barnets Reform....

  8. [Social phobia].

    Science.gov (United States)

    Bandelow, B; Wedekind, D

    2014-05-01

    With a lifetime prevalence of 13% social phobia (social anxiety disorder) is a common and serious condition that should not be played down because of the burden associated with the disorder, an increased suicide rate and the frequent comorbidity with substance abuse disorders. Social phobia is characterized by the excessive and unrealistic fear of being scrutinized or criticized by others. The disorder often begins in adolescence.Symptoms of social phobia can be effectively treated with evidence-based treatment, including cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and psychopharmacological medications. In the present paper, treatment recommendations are given, which are based on a systematic review of all available randomized trials for the treatment of social phobia. Among psychological therapies, variants of CBT have been proven to be effective in controlled studies. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and the selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) venlafaxine are among the drugs of first choice.

  9. Corporate social responsibility as an agent for social change

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Justenlund, Anders; Rebelo, Sofia

    level employees (middle management/employees) go through when working according to CSR-principles, based on social motives and behaviour. A hermeneutical paradigm is applied to the understanding of human (inter-) action in relation to understand a phenomenon as CSR and motives for social change....... It is suggested that the process of positive social change is divided into four phases, which to a point can be compared to The Human Learning Process by Stuart Dreyfus. Another aspect of this paper is also to create a bottom-up approach to the implementation of CSR-principles as the majority of CSR literature......The intention of this paper is to provide a specific understanding of corporate social responsibility with a particular focus in social issues in relation to human resource development. The understanding of CSR is used to create a theoretical analytical framework that should provide researchers...

  10. Social Anxiety and Social Adaptation among Adolescents at Three Age Levels

    Science.gov (United States)

    Peleg, Ora

    2012-01-01

    The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between social anxiety and social adaptation among adolescents. This is the first study to research these parameters among three age groups: early, middle and late adolescence. On the whole, a negative relation was found between social anxiety and social adaptation. Specifically, for adolescents…

  11. Military Social Work as an Exemplar in Teaching Social Work Competencies

    Science.gov (United States)

    Daley, James G.; Carlson, Joan; Evans, Pinkie

    2015-01-01

    This article is for social work educators unfamiliar with military social work and receptive to a number of exemplars to enhance teaching strategies within their courses. Because examples of military social work are directly tied to the Council on Social Work Education competencies, this article offers a number of suggested teaching strategies…

  12. Social marketing and social responsibility of the business: intercoupling and results

    OpenAIRE

    T.V. Shtal; O.O. Tyshchenko

    2012-01-01

    In article is considered problem of social marketing concepts use, problems of provision business-structures to social responsibility and competitiveness provision as criterion to efficiency social-oriented marketing programs. Author not only sets the problem install the correspondence between specified category, but also reveal the criterion to social-directed marketing decisions efficiency.

  13. Understanding social capital in sports clubs: participation, duration and social trust

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Elmose-Østerlund, Karsten; Van der Roest, Jan-Willem

    2017-01-01

    A central claim in Robert Putnam’s theory of social capital is that participation in voluntary organizations can foster social trust among members that are active and engaged. Based on this claim, this article examines how duration of membership and member participation impacts upon levels...... of social trust among sports club members. The results show that neither participation nor duration impacts on levels of social trust – a result found in survey studies conducted in Denmark and the Netherlands. Sophisticated participation measures and the inclusion of duration of membership set this study...... apart from previous studies on social capital. The fact that no correlation can be identified between participation and duration on one side and social trust on the other adds weight to the claim that, even though numerous studies find higher levels of social trust among members of voluntary...

  14. Social Relationships and Health: The Toxic Effects of Perceived Social Isolation.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Cacioppo, John T; Cacioppo, Stephanie

    2014-02-01

    Research in social epidemiology suggests that the absence of positive social relationships is a significant risk factor for broad-based morbidity and mortality. The nature of these social relationships and the mechanisms underlying this association are of increasing interest as the population gets older and the health care costs associated with chronic disease escalate in industrialized countries. We review selected evidence on the nature of social relationships and focus on one particular facet of the connection continuum - the extent to which an individual feels isolated (i.e., feels lonely) in a social world. Evidence indicates that loneliness heightens sensitivity to social threats and motivates the renewal of social connections, but it can also impair executive functioning, sleep, and mental and physical well-being. Together, these effects contribute to higher rates of morbidity and mortality in lonely older adults.

  15. Social Support Strategies for Immigrants: The Context of Social Work Practice in Lithuania

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Aistė Bartkevičienė

    2013-06-01

    Full Text Available Intensification of migration flows makes Lithuania one of the immigrants host countries which, like other European Union countries, faces the challenge of integration of immigrants and in this process an important role has a social worker. The aim of research was to reveal the social support strategies used by social workers in solving social problems of immigrants during the process of their integration. The qualitative research using semi-structured interview method and content analysis method was done. The survey results suggest that immigrants during the process of integration face these social problems: the search for housing, employment, legal, financial, lack of access to relevant information. The results revealed that social workers, solving the social problems of immigrants, evaluate their nature and level and then apply the appropriate level of intervention. Social workers apply these micro level interventions: information and consultancy of immigrants, mediation and emotional support, which include individual social assistance. Social workers, solving the social problems of immigrants, apply these mezzo level interventions: development of social network of immigrants, organization of socio-cultural events, organization and coordination of volunteer activities. Social workers providing social assistance to immigrants' integration process, use the following macro level interventions: dissemination of information onimmigrantissues, conduction and dissemination of researches based on immigrant integration issues, dissemination of best practice of social workers.

  16. Political Content in Social Work Education as Reported by Elected Social Workers

    Science.gov (United States)

    Lane, Shannon R.

    2011-01-01

    As a profession, social work has encouraged its members to run for public office to translate the values and ethics of social work into public policy. This study of 416 elected social workers around the country provides insight into the experiences of these elected social workers in their social work education. The classes, skills, activities,…

  17. Social Security Bulletin

    Data.gov (United States)

    Social Security Administration — The Social Security Bulletin (ISSN 1937-4666) is published quarterly by the Social Security Administration. The Bulletin is prepared in the Office of Retirement and...

  18. Social Set Visualizer

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Flesch, Benjamin; Vatrapu, Ravi; Mukkamala, Raghava Rao

    2015-01-01

    approach to computational social science mentioned above. The development of the dashboard involved cutting-edge open source visual analytics libraries (D3.js) and creation of new visualizations such as of actor mobility across time and space, conversational comets, and more. Evaluation of the dashboard......Current state-of-the-art in big social data analytics is largely limited to graph theoretical approaches such as social network analysis (SNA) informed by the social philosophical approach of relational sociology. This paper proposes and illustrates an alternate holistic approach to big social data...

  19. Early social deprivation negatively affects social skill acquisition in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

    Science.gov (United States)

    van Leeuwen, Edwin J C; Mulenga, Innocent Chitalu; Chidester, Diana Lisensky

    2014-03-01

    In a highly social species like chimpanzees, the process by which individuals become attuned to their social environment may be of vital importance to their chances of survival. Typically, this socialization process, defined by all acquisition experiences and fine-tuning efforts of social interaction patterns during ontogeny, occurs in large part through parental investment. In this study, we investigated whether maternal presence enhances the socialization process in chimpanzees by comparing the social interactions of orphaned and mother-reared individuals at the Chimfunshi Wildlife Orphanage Trust in Zambia. As response variables, we selected social interactions during which an elaborate level of fine-tuning is assumed to be necessary for sustaining the interaction and preventing escalation: social play. Comparing orphaned (n = 8) to sex- and age-matched mother-reared juvenile chimpanzees (n = 9), we hypothesized that the orphaned juveniles would play less frequently than the mother-reared and would be less equipped for fine-tuning social play (which we assayed by rates of aggression) because of the lack of a safe and facilitating social environment provided by the mother. First, contrary to our hypothesis, results showed that the orphaned juveniles engaged in social play more frequently than the mother-reared juveniles, although for significantly shorter amounts of time. Second, in support of our hypothesis, results showed that social play of the orphaned juveniles more often resulted in aggression than social play of the mother-reared juveniles. In conjunction, these results may indicate that, just like in humans, chimpanzee mothers provide their offspring with adequate social skills that might be of pivotal importance for future challenges like successful group-living and securing competitive fitness advantages.

  20. Poverty and social justice in the devolved Scotland: Neoliberalism meets social democracy

    OpenAIRE

    Scott, Gill; Mooney, Gerry

    2009-01-01

    Drawing on current debates in social policy, this paper considers the extent to which social justice has and is informing social policy making in devolved Scotland. Relating to the work of social justice theorists Young, Fraser and Lister in particular, it critically examines some key Scottish social policy measures since 1999, considering some of the ways in which these have been constructed in terms of social justice and which make claims to the Scottish national. Through a focus on the iss...

  1. Workplace innovation, social innovation and social quality

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Oeij, P.R.A.; Dhondt, S.; Korver, T.

    2011-01-01

    Social innovation is becoming a core value of the EU flagship initiative Innovation Union, but it is not clearly demarcated as it covers a wide field of topics. To understand social innovation within European policymaking a brief outline is given of EC policy developments on innovation and on

  2. Social anxiety and social norms in individualistic and collectivistic countries

    NARCIS (Netherlands)

    Schreier, S.S.; Heinrichs, N.; Alden, L.; Rapee, R.M.; Hofmann, S.G.; Chen, J.; Oh, K.Y.; Bogels, S.M.

    2010-01-01

    Background: Social anxiety is assumed to be related to cultural norms across countries. Heinrichs et al. [2006: Behav Res Ther 44:1187-1197] compared individualistic and collectivistic countries and found higher social anxiety and more positive attitudes toward socially avoidant behaviors in

  3. Social Phobia in Youth: The Diagnostic Utility of Feared Social Situations

    Science.gov (United States)

    Puliafico, Anthony C.; Comer, Jonathan S.; Kendall, Philip C.

    2007-01-01

    The present study evaluated the utility of parent- and child-reported social fears for reaching a diagnosis of social phobia in youth. The diagnostic utility of (a) the number of fears and (b) specific feared social situations was examined. The sample included 140 youth and their parents: youth diagnosed with social phobia (n = 50), youth…

  4. The Evolution of Social Welfare and Social Work in Nigeria | Irele ...

    African Journals Online (AJOL)

    This paper focused on the evolution of social welfare and social work in Nigeria. It traced the historical trajectory of social work from the missionary period through the colonial period to the present day. The paper gave a vivid picture of how individuals who were philanthropists contributed to the evolution of social work and ...

  5. Individual differences in social anxiety affect the salience of errors in social contexts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barker, Tyson V; Troller-Renfree, Sonya; Pine, Daniel S; Fox, Nathan A

    2015-12-01

    The error-related negativity (ERN) is an event-related potential that occurs approximately 50 ms after an erroneous response. The magnitude of the ERN is influenced by contextual factors, such as when errors are made during social evaluation. The ERN is also influenced by individual differences in anxiety, and it is elevated among anxious individuals. However, little research has examined how individual differences in anxiety interact with contextual factors to impact the ERN. Social anxiety involves fear and apprehension of social evaluation. In the present study, we explored how individual differences in social anxiety interact with social contexts to modulate the ERN. The ERN was measured in 43 young adults characterized as being either high or low in social anxiety, while they completed a flanker task in two contexts: alone and during social evaluation. The results revealed a significant interaction between social anxiety and context, such that the ERN was enhanced in a social relative to a nonsocial context only among highly socially anxious individuals. Furthermore, the degree of such enhancement significantly correlated with individual differences in social anxiety. These findings demonstrate that social anxiety is characterized by enhanced neural activity to errors in social-evaluative contexts.

  6. How can social network analysis contribute to social behavior research in applied ethology?

    Science.gov (United States)

    Makagon, Maja M; McCowan, Brenda; Mench, Joy A

    2012-05-01

    Social network analysis is increasingly used by behavioral ecologists and primatologists to describe the patterns and quality of interactions among individuals. We provide an overview of this methodology, with examples illustrating how it can be used to study social behavior in applied contexts. Like most kinds of social interaction analyses, social network analysis provides information about direct relationships (e.g. dominant-subordinate relationships). However, it also generates a more global model of social organization that determines how individual patterns of social interaction relate to individual and group characteristics. A particular strength of this approach is that it provides standardized mathematical methods for calculating metrics of sociality across levels of social organization, from the population and group levels to the individual level. At the group level these metrics can be used to track changes in social network structures over time, evaluate the effect of the environment on social network structure, or compare social structures across groups, populations or species. At the individual level, the metrics allow quantification of the heterogeneity of social experience within groups and identification of individuals who may play especially important roles in maintaining social stability or information flow throughout the network.

  7. The Social Commerce System

    OpenAIRE

    Dubovyk Tetiana V.; Ortynska Valentyna V.

    2017-01-01

    The social commerce is a relatively new phenomenon, found in the little researched direction of trade. Research results by the authors have provided to systematize the views on the concept of «social commerce», characterize the social commerce system, propose measures to develop a social commerce strategy. The authors have defined the social commerce as expansion of e-commerce in the social networks on the Internet, in which social factors are significant, and consumers use the right to creat...

  8. How Social Media Recruitment Influences Organizational Social Responsibility

    OpenAIRE

    Gabriel-Andrei BREZOIU

    2014-01-01

    More and more employers declare they used or plan to use social media throughout human resources management processes. On one side, it is part of employer branding policy to offer relevant information to people about how it is to work in that organisation, including social media channels. On the other side, these means are really attractive regarding targeting options and reaching a wide range of applicants at a low cost. This paper summarizes the main evolutions of social media use in busine...

  9. Human Pro-Social Motivation and the Maintenance of Social Order

    OpenAIRE

    Gaechter, Simon

    2014-01-01

    This chapter presents some insights from basic behavioural research on the role of human pro-social motivation to maintain social order. I argue that social order can be conceptualized as a public good game. Past attempts to explain social order typically relied on the assumption of selfish and rational agents ("homo economicus"). The last twenty years of research in behavioural and experimental economics have challenged this view. After presenting the most important findings of recent resear...

  10. Implications of social structure

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Brask, Josefine Bohr

    Social systems in nature are characterised by heterogeneous social structures. The pattern of social interactions or associations between individuals within populations (i.e. their social network) is typically non-random. Such structuring may have important implications for the expression...... and evolution of behaviour, and for individual fitness. In this thesis I investigated implications of social structure for fitness and behaviour, with focus on three main areas: social structure & fitness, social structure & communication, and social structure & cooperation. These areas were investigated......, we investigate empirically the role of the social environment of individuals for their communication patterns. Our study species is a song bird, the black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus). The results suggest that individual communication in this species is influenced by features of the local...

  11. Ethnic reasoning in social identity of Hebrews: A social-scientific study

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Seth Kissi

    2017-04-01

    Full Text Available Ethnicity reasoning offers one way of looking at social identity in the letter to the Hebrews. The context of socio-economic abuse and hardships of the audience creates a situation in which ethnicity in social identity becomes an important issue for the author of Hebrews to address. This article is a social-scientific study which explores how the author establishes the ethnic identity of the audience as people of God. While this ethnic identity indicates the more privileged position the readers occupy in relation to the benefits of God accessible to them, it also provides the author with the appropriate social institutions and scripts by which his demand for appropriate response to God and the Christian group becomes appreciable and compelling. The article involves the definition of social-scientific criticism, ethnicity and social identity, and discusses the social context of the letter to the Hebrews. It then explains how some social scripts within specific ethnic institutions give meaning to the demands the author makes from his readers.

  12. Social Media Policies

    DEFF Research Database (Denmark)

    Stohl, Cynthia; Etter, Michael; Banghart, Scott

    2017-01-01

    of these trends is examined through a content analysis of 112 publicly available social media policies from the largest corporations in the world. The extent to which social media policies facilitate and/or constrain the communicative sensibilities and values associated with contemporary notions of CSR...... negotiation and participation in the social responsibilities of corporations. Moreover, policies generally enact organizational communication practices that are contrary to international CSR guidelines (e.g., the UN Global Compact and other international agreements). Findings suggest that social media...... policies represent a relatively unrecognized development in the institutionalization of CSR communicative norms and practices that call into question the promising affordances of social media for the inclusion of various voices in the public negotiation of what constitutes corporate social responsibility....

  13. Social Justice and Social Order: Binding Moralities across the Political Spectrum.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Janoff-Bulman, Ronnie; Carnes, Nate C

    2016-01-01

    Two studies explored the relationship between political ideology and endorsement of a range of moral principles. Political liberals and conservatives did not differ on intrapersonal or interpersonal moralities, which require self-regulation. However differences emerged on collective moralities, which involve social regulation. Contrary to Moral Foundations Theory, both liberals and conservatives endorsed a group-focused binding morality, specifically Social Justice and Social Order respectively. Libertarians were the group without a binding morality. Although Social Justice and Social Order appear conflictual, analyses based on earlier cross-cultural work on societal tightness-looseness suggest that countries actually benefit in terms of economic success and societal well-being when these group-based moralities co-exist and serve as counterweights in social regulation.

  14. False consensus in social context: differential projection and perceived social distance.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Jones, Paul E

    2004-09-01

    The study implicates the notion of perceived social distance as an explanation of why ingroup false consensus exceeds outgroup false consensus. Whilst previous demonstrations are best understood from social identity perspectives, the findings reported here suggest that self-group as well as inter-group comparisons can underlie such effects. In particular, perceived social distance was shown to mediate the effect of social categorisation: ingroup false consensus was greater because more social distance was perceived with the outgroup. The findings also extended to non-student samples and generalised across both opinion and ability items. In addition, examining the effect of item type in conjunction with social categorisation seriously challenged the generality of the false consensus effect.

  15. Justice-based social assistance

    Science.gov (United States)

    Barrientos, Armando

    2016-01-01

    What are the main objectives of social protection institutions in developing countries? What should be their scope and reach? What is the source of their legitimacy? Finding appropriate answers to these questions is essential to understanding, and shaping, the emergence of welfare institutions in low- and middle-income countries. Most available answers rely on instrumental arguments. Few make reference to normative principles. This article draws on three concepts from Rawls – social justice as regulating cooperation, the social minimum, and the need for a freestanding political notion of social justice – to develop a coherent argument for grounding social assistance on social justice. In line with this argument, it identifies some parameters for a justice-based social assistance. This article then discusses, with examples, the tensions existing between a social justice-based social minimum and ‘real’ social assistance institutions emerging in developing countries. PMID:27708544

  16. Social support and social interaction ties on internet addiction: integrating online and offline contexts.

    Science.gov (United States)

    Wang, Edward Shih-Tse; Wang, Michael Chih-Hung

    2013-11-01

    This study explores the relationship between social support and social interaction ties on Internet addiction by integrating both online and offline social encounters. A total of 1,642 members of online social communities participated in this research, for which structural equation modeling was used for analysis. The findings show that social support is positively associated with social interaction ties in both online and offline contexts. In addition, online social support and online social interaction ties are positively associated with Internet addiction, whereas offline social support and social interaction ties on Internet addiction are negatively associated. This finding has important implications not only for understanding the cause of Internet addiction but also for understanding the diminishing Internet addiction due to social support and social interaction ties.

  17. The social support and social network characteristics of smokers in methadone maintenance treatment.

    Science.gov (United States)

    de Dios, Marcel Alejandro; Stanton, Cassandra A; Caviness, Celeste M; Niaura, Raymond; Stein, Michael

    2013-01-01

    Previous studies have shown social support and social network variables to be important factors in smoking cessation treatment. Tobacco use is highly prevalent among individuals in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). However, smoking cessation treatment outcomes in this vulnerable subpopulation have been poor and social support and social network variables may contribute. The current study examined the social support and social network characteristics of 151 MMT smokers involved in a randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation treatments. Participants were 50% women and 78% Caucasian. A high proportion (57%) of MMT smokers had spouses or partners who smoke and over two-thirds of households (68.5%) included at least one smoker. Our sample was characterized by relatively small social networks, but high levels of general social support and quitting support. The number of cigarettes per day was found to be positively associated with the number of smokers in the social network (r = .239, p social support and social networks of smokers in MMT.

  18. COHESIÓN SOCIAL, CAPITAL SOCIAL, CONEXIONES SOCIALES Y REPAGO EN PRÉSTAMOS GRUPALES: REVISIÓN DE LA EVIDENCIA RECIENTE

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    Juan Manuel Santiago Pulido

    2012-12-01

    Full Text Available En los contratos de préstamo grupal, propios de las microfinanzas, usualmente se aduce que la cohesión social (o capital social es un factor positivo para el repago, pero en diversos estudios, se ha constatado que la relación real entre Cohesión Social y tasa de repago no es claramente positiva. En el presente artículo, se hace una revisión crítica de la evidencia relevante sobre el particular. Se concluye que no hay consenso con respecto a la definición de cohesión social (muchas veces entendida como capital social o conexidad social, a las variables que la miden, y a si se habla de la cohesión social existente o emergente en el grupo. Por lo tanto, la cohesión social puede permitir o no la implementación de los contratos de préstamo grupal, y en caso de estar presente, puede evolucionar para sostenerlos o no.

  19. Nuevas políticas sociales y Estado social relacional.

    Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden)

    PIERPAOLO DONATI

    2004-01-01

    Full Text Available Según el autor, las sociedades europeas siguen inspirando las políticas sociales en un código (estatal de inclusión ?al que aquí se denomina lib/lab (mezcla de liberalismo y laborismo? que en el pasado ha constituido un factor de progreso, pero que actualmente resulta cada vez más débil y obsoleto. Las políticas sociales encuentran límites estructurales en sus posibilidades de innovación porque están formuladas como compromisos entre Estado y mercado, utilizando al sector terciario para remediar los fracasos de los otros dos sectores. De hecho, los sistemas sociales gobernados por lógicas lib/lab se encaminan a una crisis irreversible. El documento ilustra las nuevas tendencias de configuración de las políticas sociales, que aquí se denominan "societarias ". Se caracterizan por dos novedades principales: primero, por el hecho de que confían la inclusión social a una ciudadanía compleja (concebida como entrelazamiento de ciudadanía estatal y ciudadanía societaria, en la cual poseen un papel primordial los sujetos colectivos de la sociedad civil; segundo, porque definen el Bienestar, los servicios y los derechos sociales mediante un código simbólico de tipo relacional. En términos de orden institucional, se trata de pasar a un "cuarto modelo de Estado del Bienestar", es decir, a un Estado social de cuarta generación, después de haber dejado atrás el paternalista, el asistencial y el intervencionista. El autor lo denomina Estado social relacional.

  20. Shared Stakes, Distributed Investment: Socially Engaged Art and the Financialization of Social Impact

    OpenAIRE

    Rosamond, Emily

    2016-01-01

    This article examines the implications of the financialization of social impact and the emerging social impact bonds (SIBs) market for socially engaged art practices. How do SIBs, which allow for investment in social impact metrics, shift the broader contexts through which the value of social impact is understood in art discourses? In the British context, recent projects by Assemble, Open School East and others do important social work, yet echo the logic of the social investment market by ou...

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